Rio

4003

Rio

torical and Geographical Institute, National
School of Music, National School of Fine
Arts, Superior School of Agriculture, and
Military Aviation School. The industrial es-
tablishments include flour mills, foundries,
breweries, sugar refineries, shoe, textile, and
printing works.

Commerce.—Rio de Janeiro is the first
commercial city of Brazil, and the second of
South America. The principal exports are
coffee, rubber, sugar, hides, ores, and dia-
monds.

Poptdation.—In 1940 the population of Rio
de Janeiro was 1,711,000. The bay of Rio de
Janeiro is said to have been discovered on

America, rises in the San Juan Mountains,
in Southwestern Colorado, out of which it
flows to the San Luis Valley, thence, hemmed
in between canyon walls, s. across New Mex-
ico. Below El Paso, Texas, it becomes the
boundary line between the United States and
Mexico, pursuing a general southeasterly
course of about 2,000 m. to the Gulf of Mex-
ico. During part of the year it is nearly if
not quite dry when it enters Texas. The chief
towns on its banks are Brownsville, Mata-
moros (Mex.), Laredo, Eagle Pass, Presidio,
and El Paso. The Pecos is its principal trib-
utary.
Rio Grande, river of Brazil, one of the

Rio de Janeiro; Municipal Theatre.

Jan. i, 1502, by Gonzalo Coelho. In 1531
one Martini Affonso de Sousa sailed into the
harbor and thinking it an estuary, called it
the River of January. From 1531 to 1567
the French made several attempts to settle,
but were driven out by the Portuguese, who
made a permanent settlement in 1567, The
city became the capital of Brazil in 1762.
Upon the overthrow of the monarchy, in
1889, the city was made the capital of the
Republic.

Rio de Oro and Adrar, Spanish colony in
West Africa, extending from Cape Bojador,
in Southwest Morocco, 400 m. along the At-
lantic Coast, to Cape Blanco in the s.; area,
about 109,000 sq. m. Fishing is the leading
industry; p. 100,000, mostly Berbers.

Rio Grande (Rio Grande del Norte,
Rio Bravo del Norte), a large river of

chief affluents of the Parana. It flows west-
ward in a course of about 450 m., joining
the Paranahyba to form the Parana.

Rio Grande, town and seaport, Brazil, it,
the province Rio Grande do Sul, at the en-
trance to Lagoa dos Patos. It is the second
port in the state; p.47,600.

Rio Grande de Cagayan, the largest riv-
er of Luzon, Philippine Islands, rises in the
center of the island, and flows for 250 m.
to the Pacific at Linso.

Rio Grande de Mindanao, or Pulangui,
the longest and largest river of the Philippine
Archipelago. It rises in the n. of Mindanao,
and flows s. and then w. for 200 m. to Illana
Bay at Cotabato.

Rio Grande do Norte, state, Brazil, on
the n.e. coast, bounded by Ceara, Parahyba,
and the Atlantic Ocean; area, 20,236 sq. m