Rome

4034

Ronsard

2. Greek.—Polybius, for the first Punic
War, and a great part of the second. Dion
Cassius wrote a history of Rome from the
foundation to the reign of Elagabalus (222) ;
it is particularly valuable for the period of
the Civil War and the principates of Augus-
tus, Caligula, and Trajan.

3. English.—Larger histories are Momm-
sen's The History of Rome and Provinces
of the Roman Empire; Merivale's General
History to AD. 476, and Fall of the Roman
Republic; Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the
Roman Empire; Fowler's Roman Festivals;
Smith's Dictionary of Roman Antiquities.

Rome, city, Georgia, 50 m. n.w. of Atlanta.
Shorter College for Women (Baptist), the
Martha Berry Industrial School for boys and
girls, and a boys' preparatory school are
situated here. The leading industrial estab-
lishments are cotton and lumber mills, tan-
neries, foundries, machine shops, and various
manufactories. It is a large peach and cotton
market. The region is also rich in mineral
wealth, bauxite, iron ore, barytes, and tripoli
ore being extensively mined; p. 26,282.

Rome, city, New York, Oneida co., on the
Mohawk River, 14 m. n.w. of Utica. It is
the seat of a State Custodial Asylum and of
the Central New York Deaf Mute Institu-
tion.

Rome, Prix de, a prize founded in 1666
by Louis xrv. of France, to enable young
painters and sculptors to study at Rome. It
is now granted by the French government,
following competitive examination, to paint-
ers, sculptors, musicians and architects (an-
nually) ; line engravers (biennially); en-
gravers on fine stones and medalists (trien-
nially). The winner is allowed four years
study at the Villa Medici in Rome, which
is under the direction of the Academie des
Beaux Arts.

Rommell, Erwin Eugen Johannes
(1891-1944), German soldier, served in World
War I and later became a Nazi; trained the
Storm Troops and Elite Guards. In World
War II was field marshal; drove the British
back into Egypt, but was later defeated; died
in action, 1944.

Romney, George (1734-1802), English
portrait painter, was born in Dalton, Lanca-
shire. He painted fashionable men and
women of the day, and was noted as a
painter of boys; yet he was never admittec
to the Academy. He also painted large his-
torical compositions. His work lacks concen-
trated vigor and spiritual insight, and is un-
equal; but his best has simplicity, poetica

reatment, and dexterous draughtsmanship,
and gives an impression of movement and of
elusive grace.

Romulo, Carlos Pena (1900- ), U. S.
Army officer and author, was born in Manila;
educated at Columbia; professor and public
official in Philippines. ^Rescued from Bataan
m 1942, became Gen. MacArthur's aide-de-
camp. Wrote I Saw the Fall of the Philip-
pines (1942).

Romulus, in ancient Roman legend, the
son, by Mars, of Rhea Sylvia, and twin-
brother of Remus. Mother and children hav-
ing been cast into the river Anio, the mother
was turned into a goddess, and the children
were washed ashore and suckled by a she-
wolf. After they had founded Rome, Romu-
lus, having slain his brother Remus, made
the Capitol an asylum for homicides and
fugitive slaves. Romulus reigned to 715, until
he was carried up to heaven in a fiery chariot
by Mars, his father.

Rondeau, or Rondel, a form of lyric akin
to the sonnet, of French origin, consists usu-
ally of thirteen iambic lines, arranged in three
irregular .strophes, with only two rhymes,
and with a refrain repeated in the first,
eighth, and thirteenth lines.

Rondo, an early form of instrumental
composition, in which the first and principal
subject alternates with other subsidiary sub-
jects. At first it seldom contained more than
two subjects, but Mozart, Beethoven, and
later composers introduced three, the second
and third, when reappearing, being always
in new keys, and frequently developed or
varied to a considerable extent.

Ronge, Johannes (1813-87), the leader of
the German Catholic movement, was born
at Bischopwalde in Silesia, and became
(1840) a Roman Catholic priest. While act-
ing as teacher of a village school, he drew
on himself excommunication. Thereupon he
established a 'German Catholic* church inde-
pendent of the pope. Having taken part in
the political movement of 1848, he had to
take refuge in London, where he lived till
1861.

Ronsard, Pierre de (1524-85), French
poet, was born near Vendome. The object
he set before himself was to impart some-
thing of the ancient classic polish to the
French language, and so render it better
fitted to be the vehicle of poetic expression.
His lyrics alone are palatable to modern
readers. Sainte-Beuve edited (1828; new ed.
1879) his (Ewvres Choisies. Some of Ron-
sard's poems were translated by Longfellow;