Rowing

4055

Aowing

species is P, americana, a native of North
America, with purple fruit.

Rowing is the propulsion of a boat by
means of oars. A single row of oars was all
that was attempted by the first shipbuilders;
later, two and even four additional rows
were added, as in the quinquereme of Rome
and Carthage. Rowing as a sport may be
dated from the early eighteenth century, when
in 1715 one Doggett, a native of London,
England, instituted a race to encourage good

erbocker and the Invincible. In 1834 was
formed the first rowing association in the
United States, the Castle Garden Amateur
Boat Club, with a boat house at Castle Gar-
den, N. Y. In 1837 was held the first Hudson
River regatta, The Boston regatta of 1842
aroused much interest in the nearby colleges
of Yale and Harvard. Harvard won the in-
itial match between these great rivals in 1852.
From 1870 to 1876 flourished the Rowing As-
sociation of American Colleges, which held

€> Underwood.

Rowing.
Yale-Harvard Race at New London.

rowing among the Thames watermen. As
early as 1829 the first inter-university con-
test took place at Henley, though the Henley
races did not become an established annual
institution until 1856. The Grand Challenge
Cup at Henley, for eight-oared crews, is now
the blue ribbon of the rowing world. The
first foreign entry was made in the person of
E. Smith, an American sculler, hi 1872. The
first race in America of which we have rec-
ord was rowed in 1811, between the water-
men of New York Bay and of Long Island
Sound, in two four-oared barges, the Knick-

some notable'regattas. In 1883 was organ-
ized the Intercollegiate Racing Association.
The season of 1895 was a turning point in
American college rowing. In that year Cor-
nell, Columbia, and Pennsylvania fixed on the
fine four-mile stretch of water on the Hud-
son River at Poughkeepsie as the future
course for their races, and invited the world
to row with them. In the same year Cornell
sent an eight oared crew to Henley that was
defeated, and in 1896 Yale was also defeated
over the same course. In 1900 the crew of
the University of Pennsylvania entered foi