106 THE OTDIAH ANTIQUABY. 1879. the still more dangerous class of philistine guides which the tourist creates, as well as from railway ballast contractors. He instances the excavations for ballast for the Fathegarh and Eanbpur railway. "Miles of sandstone clips," he says, " have been stacked along the roadside, and it is not too much to say that perhaps a good mile of this excellent ballast has been supplied by figures and carvings, some of which, had they been preserved, might have proved of interest." Mr. Eivett-Carnao rescued some pieces of undoubted merit on the spot, and sent them to Calcutta. Another of the evils he complains of is the dilettante excavator for corns and relics, who, if he find anything, is almost certain to keep it to himself and never publish it, at least satisfactorily: and when he dies it is lost. The philistine class of guides is well illustrated bythePeskar ofAjanta', who for years past has been cutting pieces out of the wonderful wall- paintings in the Bauddha Oaves there, and present- ing them to visitors in hopes of a larger indm. We do trust Government will take up the whole matter, and try to devise some means of stopping the vandalism that is daily going on both in our own and Native States. NOTES AND QUERIES. COUVADE, ante p. 87.—In vol. III. p. 151 of the Indian Antiquary will be found an account of the Couvade as practised round about Dummagudem. That account was given by a woman of the Ira* kalavandhu caste, and when a by-stander rather incredulously laughed, she pointed to her two boys who were standing, by, and exclaimed— f Well, when these two boys were born, I and my husband followed that custom, and so also after the birth of all my other children.' On p. 188 vol. V. is another allusion to these people. I ought to have added there that the women are called 'hens' by their husbands, and the male and female children ' oock children,' and ' hen children* respectively.—JOHN CAET. GHOST-WORSHIP.—A collection of facts regarding the remnant of Nature-worship underlying Br&h- Tnp.ni^Tn and Muhammadanism would be most in- teresting. How far is this connected with Sha- manism ? CASSATION OP CASTE AT CEBIADT PLACES.—In the temple of Jagann&th all caste ceases: is this the case in any other place of sanctity?—R. CTTST, M>. E. As. 8oc. BOOK NOTICES. WAFERS relating to the Collection and Preservation of the BeeordB of ANCIENT SANSKRIT LITERATURE in INDIA. Edited by order of the Government of India, by A. E. GOUGE, B.A., Professor in, the Presidency College and Principal of the Hadrasa, Calcutta. [Calcutta : Office of the Superintendent of Govt Printing, 1873]. In this handsome volume of 284 pages Mr. Gongh has-collected the principal records relating to the search for, and cataloguing of, Sanskrit Manuscripts, so wisely and liberally undertaken by the" Government of India on the basis of the Note prepared on the • subject in 1868 by Mr. Whibley Stokes. This search has been most suc- cessful in the discovery of new and important codices, and it is to be hoped it will still be con- tinued, and that the farther object originally aimed at, of publishing the rarer works discovered will now be also steadily carried ont. To all in- terested in the work and its results Mr. Grough's compilation will be found of value and interest. Norrs on MuHAMMADAinsM, being OUTLINES of the BE- XJEWOUS STSTKIC of ISLAM Bythe Re* T. P. HUGHES, MJtt.A,8., OILS, Musionary to tibe Afghans, Peal*: D**- The first edition of this very interesting and really scholarly accurate work appeared in 1875, aad TO intended by the author as the notes of a 1 Dictionary of Islam* which he has in course of compilations This second edition has undergone most careful revision and important additions. It contains fifty-five notes or chapters on such subjects as Isl&m, the Quran, Allah, Prayer, Zakat, Nikah Janaza, the Wahhabis, Sufiism, Zikr, Tahrif, hQva,fir8t> published twenty-six years ago, is well known to most who are at all inter- ested in Indian literature, or enjoy the tenderness of feeling and rich creative imagination of its author. The first edition having for long, been out of print, Messrs. Trnbner