138 MEMOIRS OF THE DUKE OF SAINT-SIMON.

and so little worthy of a great monarch. As for the Cardinal
de Bouillon,, he grew more haughty than ever. He wrote a
letter upon the subject of this trial with which he was threat-
ened, even more violent than his previous letter, and proclaimed
that cardinals were not in any way amenable to secular justice,,
and could not be judged except by the Pope and all the sacred
college.

So in fact it seemed to be; for although the Parliament com-
menced the trial, and issued an order of arrest against the Car-
dinal, they soon found themselves stopped by difficulties which
arose, and by this immunity of the cardinals, which was sup-
ported by many examples. After all the fuss made, therefore,
this cause fell by its own weakness, and exhaled itself, so to
speak, in insensible perspiration. A fine lesson this for the
most powerful princes, and calculated to teach them that if they
want to be served by Rome they should favour those that are
there, instead of raising their own subjects, who, out of Rome,
can be of no service to the State, and who are good only to
seize three or four hundred thousand livres a year in benefices,
with the quarter of which an Italian would be more than re-
compensed. A French cardinal in France is the friend of the
Pope, but the enemy of the King, the Church, and the State ;
a tyrant very often to the clergy and the ministers, at liberty
to do what he likes without ever being punished for any-
thing.

As nothing could be done in this way against the Cardinal,
other steps were taken. The fraudulent " Genealogical History
of the House of Auvergne," which I have previously alluded to,
was suppressed by royal edict, and orders given that all the
copies of it should be seized. Baluze, who had written it, was
deprived of his chair of Professor of the Royal College, and
driven out of the realm. A large quantity of copies of this
edict were printed and publicly distributed. The little patri-
mony that Cardinal de Bouillon had not been able to carry
away, was immediately confiscated: the temporality of his bene-
fices had been already seized, and on the 7th of July appeared
a declaration from tlie King, which, depriving the Cardinal of