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College of Hawah Publications

BULLETIN No. L

NOTES UF^ON HAWAIIAN PLANTS "WITH

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES

AND VARIETIES,

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JOSEPH F. ROCK.

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College of Hawaii Publications

BULLETIN No. L

NOTES UPON HAWAIIAN PLANTS WITH

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES

AND VARIETIES.

BY

JOSEPH F. ROCK

HONOLULU:

PUBLISHED BY THE COLLEGE

DECEMBER, 1911.

NOTES UPON HAWAIIAN PLANTS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF
NEW SPECIES AND VARIETIES.

_^ By Joseph F. Rock,

Botanist.

(Consulting Botanist, Board of Agriculture and Forestry,)

The writer has had opportunity of visitmg all the high moun-
tains of this island group with the exception of Mauna Loa, the
second highest one.

The summits of these mountains, possessing as they do a tem-
perate climate, harbor many interestin.s: plants. Waialeale on
Kauai^ 5080 feet, Puu Kukui on West Maui 5788 and Kaala, the
summit of Kohala 5505 feet, are big open swamps. These are
wrapped in clouds nearly the whole year round, with the excep-
tion of the short periods during which the south wind prevails.
These swamps support a stunted vegetation consisting mainly of
genera adapted to a moist and temperate climate.

Geraniums are to be found on all the high mountains with the
exception of the summit of Kohala. Puu^Kukui on West Maui
and Waialeale on Kauai possess only small species which are very
closely related, both of them being creepers a few inches high.
On Mauna Kea, 13,823 feet, Hualalai, 8,969 feet, and Haleakala,
10,030 feet, they are stunted, some, however, reaching a height of
10 to 15 feet with a trunk of sometimes 7 inches in diameter ; they
do not, however, grow at an elevation higher than 10,000
feet. At 11,000 feet native vegetation ceases entirely, the only
plant observed higher than that is Sonchus oleraceus L. with a
long thick root-stock and prostrate leaves and flowers.

Viola is found on all the larger islands; none, however, had
been recorded from the Island of Hawaii. During the month
of June, 1910, the writer was fortunate to ascend to the summit
of Kohala, where, to his surprise, he found a form of Viola
Maviensis in the open bog. The plants are much taller than those
from^ West Maui reaching a height of several feet. On East
Maui the writer discovered a form of V. robusta growing in the
dry sections on Haleakala, and on the island of Lanai a Viola simi-
lar to the one described by Forbes and Lydgate as ''Viola Helena f'
their plant came from the island of Kauai, mountains of Wahiawa.

Hillebrand, in his Flora of the Hawaiian Islands, mentions
under Viola robusta, a plant collected by Remy on Lanai, No.

532, which he thoug^ht to be a variety of V. robusta, and also a
plant collected by W. Knttdsen on Kauai. The writer compared
liis specimens with Mr. Forbes' type and found them to be almost
identical with the exception of variations in the leaves, and also
differing in its sin^^le flowered peduncle ; as a whole the plant is
much taller than Forbes' type. The plant is decidedly distinct
from Viola robusta and deserves the rank of species.

In addition to the notes on the genera J^iola and Geranmm
the writer describes two new species of Tetraplasandra; one com-
ing from the summit of Waialeale, the other from the island of
Lanai.

This is the second species of that genus recorded from Kauai.
T, Waimeae inhabiting the dry districts back of Waimea at an
elevation of 3600 feet associated with Sideroxylon sandzvicense,
Pterotropia Kauaiensis, Bobea Mannii, Solanum Kauaieme, Cya-
nea leptostegia, etc., while T. Waialealae inhabits the swamps of
the high plateau of Waialeale, elevation 5000 feet, in company with
species peculiar to that region, such as Drosera, Viola, Sanicula,
Acaena, Geranium, etc.

One species of Pittosporum is described from the island of Mo-
lokai ; it being the only litoral species recorded from this archi-
pelago, and a species of Pelea a handsome laree tree from the
lava fields of Auahi, Mt. Haleakala, elevation 2600 feet ; it is re-
markable for its habit of growth as a whole and for its large
inflorescence which bears from 10-60 flowers.

At last a new species of Sideroxylon irom the same locality as
Pelea multiflora and a description of the fruits of Sideroxylon
spathulatum hitherto unknown.

VIOLACEAE.

Viola L. Spec. pi. ed. 1 (1753) 933.

V. Maviensis Mann Enum. Flaw. PL (1866) n. 11, et Fl. Haw.
Isl. (1866) 120;— Hillebrand Fl. Haw. Tsl. (1888) 16.

Maui: Summit of West Maui. Puu Kukui, elevation 5,7S8
feet, in bogy ground common in company with Acaena exigua
Gray, Geranium hiimileUhd. etc. (Rock n. 8148, flowering August
21, 1910). Also observed lower down at an elevation of 4600
feet.

Molokai : Swamp of Kawela near Kamoku camp, elevation
4,000 feet. (Rock n. 6106, fruiting, March, 1910).

Note : Only two small plants were observed in the open bog
on Molokai in company with Astelia sp., Selaginella deflexa
Brack., etc.

Var. kohalana Rock v. n. suffrttticosa, caudicibus 10-16 dm
longis, stipulis ovato-lanceolatis, foliis rotundatis in petiolos 7
cm longos ; scapis 3-4 dm longis bibracteatis/ pedicellis 3-9 cm
longis, floribus magnis coeruleis vel albis.

Caudex 10-16 dm long, woody, more or less prostrate, stipules
ovate lanceolate reddish brown, leaves as before on petioles of
2-7 cm, peduncles blackish blue when with dark blue flowers, light
yellow, when with white flowers, bearing umbels of blue or w^hite
flowers on bibracteolate pedicels of 3-9 cm length; capsules as
before.

Hawaii: Mountains of Kohala in bogy ground, mainly in thick
moss on trees as well as near the summit of Kohala in open
swampy places in company with Cyathodes imhricata var. struthio-
loides, Selaginella deUexa, etc. (Rock n. 8385, flowering and
fruiting June 21, 1910). The flowers are very fragrant and large,
the dark blue-flowered specimens occur lower down to an elevation
of 4600 feet, while the white ones are found only higher up, 5200
feet elevation.

Note: This variety differs from the species in its very long
caudex, scapes, and petioles, as well as pedicels and in its large
flowers which are also white. No violets had been recorded, pre-
viously from the island of Hawaii.

V. Kauaensis Gray Bot. U. S. E. Exp. (1854) 85;— -H. Mann
Enum. Haw. PI. n. 10, et Fl. Haw. Isl. (1866) 120 ;— Hillebr. Fl.
Haw. Isl. (1888) 15;— Heller PI. Flaw. Isl. (1897) 857.

Kauai: Bog of Lehua makanoe, central plateau back of Kaho-
luamano, elevation 4200 feet. (Rock n. 2130, flowering March
8, 1909; Rock. n. 5723, fruiting Sept. 16, 1909). Also observed
at Kauluwehi swamp, elevation 4300 feet, in company with
Bros era longifolia, Schwaea robust a, etc., on Waialeale, the sum-
mit of Kauai, elevation 5250 feet, observed in company with
Sanicula^ Acaena exigua, Dubautia zmialealae, etc.

Note: The specimens from Lehua makanoe are larger than
those from Waialeale or Kauluwehi swamp.

Native names "Pohehiwa" and ^'Kalili."

V. robusta Hillebr. Fl. Haw, Isl. (1888) 16.

Molokai : Back of Kamoku camp on the banks of a stream,
elevation 4000 feet, or less (Rock n. 6114, flowering and fruiting
March, 1910; Rock n. 6196, on moss-covered tree trunks back
of Kawela swamp, on the ridge leading to Pelekunu, flowering
and fruiting March, 1910; Rock n. 7019 on tree trunks, heights
above Kamalo ridge leading to Pelekunu, flowering and fruiting,
April, 1910).

Note : Plants from above Kamalo are much smaller than those
from Kamoku. The leaves of this plant are used medicinally by
the natives, the same are boiled and the liquid drunk as tea.

Var.'mauiensis Rock v. n. suffruticosus erectus, foliis oblongo-
ovatis acuminatis subcordatis vel truncatis, serrulatis dentibus
callosis, in petiolos hirsutos 1.5-2.5 cm longos, stipulis triangu-
latis acuminatis ciliatis ; pedunculis hirsutis ex axilHs foliorum.
Capsula 1.5 cm longa; semina nigra ovoidea.

Habit as before, leaves with hirsute midribs, oblong ovate sub-
cordate or truncate on hirsute petioles of 1.5-2.5 cm, stipules
triangular from a broad base, accuminate, ciliate at the margins,
the hirsute bibracteate peduncles 2-4 cm long one-flowered (never
two) in the axils of every leaf, calyx hirsute linear lanceolate acu-
minate, flower buds only observed (petals pinkish) ; capsule 1.5
cm long, seeds ovoid blackish.

Maui : Gulches above Makawao slopes of Haleakala, elevation
3500 feet. (Rock n. 8563, fruiting October, 1910); southern
slopes of Haleakala in a g:ulch near Kaupo Gap, elevation 5000
feet. (Rock n. 8686, fruiting November, 1910).

Note: Native name "Pamakani" on Maui; is used medicinally
by the natives.

Var. Wailenalenae Rock v. n. Stem 1-2 m high, the
branches as well as the stems hollow; stipules light
brown, broadly lanceolate, acuminate about 3 cm long
denticulate or serrate almost to the base; leaves thick, fleshy
light green underneath darker above 9-10 cm x 3-4 cm ovate
acuminate at both ends midrib as well as the 4 cm long petioles
dark purple, serrulate with the base entire ; flowers in the axils of
the upper leaves single or two on a short bibracteate pedunc}e,
pedicels 4-5 cm long bibracteolate above the middle ; flowers nod-
ding, sepals gibbous at the base 1 cm long, petals white not frag-
rant twice as long as the sepals, the lower one saccate, anthers
appiculate, all winged, style curved thickening towards the stigma ;
capsule hirsute when young.

Kauai: High plateau of Waialeale along Wailenalena stream
in shady places, elev. 4500 ft., not observed outside the banks of
the stream. (Rock n. 8852, flowering and fruiting Oct. 21, 1911).

V. Helena Forbes var. lanaiensis Rock v. n. caule sufruticoso
erecto, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis serratis breviter petiolatis, acu-
minatis, stipulis lanceolatis caudatis, fimbriatis, pedunculis ex
axillis foliorum bi-bracteatis unifloriferis, petalis puniceis vel albis,
sepala lanceolata, inferiore insaccato ; capsula lanceolata, 12 mm
longa, semina ovoidea, nigra.

Caudex erect 3 dm- 13 dm long, woody, hollow, foliose at the
apex, leaves oblong lanceolate, about 1 dm x 12-18 mm, acuminate

at both ends, on somewhat margined petioles of 5 mm serrate with
callous teeth, bluish purple when young, light green with pellucid
oil dots when old, stipules lanceolate 1 cm long, caudate fimbriate,
blackish, with a prominent median nerve ; peduncles, bi-bracteate
1.5 cm with a bi-bracteolate pedicel of 4.5 cm long, bearing a
single small, pinkish-white flower, sepals lanceolate not saccate.
Capsule lanceolate 12 mm long, seeds ovoid blackish.

Lanai: Main ridge of Lanai. Lanai Hale and Haalelepakai,
in bogy ground, elevation 3200 feet, terrestrial, (Rock n. 8046,
Bower buds and fruiting, July 25, 1910), also above Mauna Lei
gorge on slopes above waterfall, elevation 2200 feet.

V. oahuensis Forbes Ocas. pap. B. P. Bishop Mus. IV. n. 3
(1909), p. 40.

Oahu: Dense forest on the windward side, Punaluu, back of
Kaliuwaa, elevation 1800-2000 ft. (Rock n. 10 flowering July,
1908). (Rock and Forbes n. 359, flowering Nov. 14-21, 1908).
(Rock n. 371, December 3-14, 1908, flowering, ridge above Ka-
hana valley).

Note : This plant was first collected by the writer in July, 1908,
and again during November 14-21, when in company with Mr.
Forbes.

The plant is little distinct from V. robusta the common form
on Molokai, it differs mainly in the stipules, which are 2-2.5 cm.
long in my specimens, the white petals and the much smaller cap-
sules, otherwise as in V. robusta.

V. Chamissoniana Gingins in Linnaea I. (1826) 408; — Gray
U. S. E. Exp. (1854) 86 t. 6;— Walp. Report L, 216;— Mann
Enum. Haw. PI. (1866) n. 12, et Fl. Haw. Isl. (1866) 121;—
Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 17;— Heller. PL Haw. Isl. (1897)
8*57. Includes V. trachehfolia Ging. 1. c. p. 409.

Molokai : Back of Kamoku camp near Kawela swamps on the
bank of a stream, elevation 4000 feet. (Rock n. 6113, flowering
March, 1910), only one plant observed.

Note: The flowers are large and pink rather than pale pur-
plish. The native name "Pamakani" applies to this species as well
as to V. robusta.

Var. /? Flillebrand Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 17.

Kauai: Outskirts of the forest below Kaholuamano, elevation
3000 feet. (Rock n. 2126, flowering and fruiting, March 3-10,
1909; and Oct. 22, 1911, flowermg and fruiting).

Note : Young leaves are covered underneath with a silvery gray
tomentum, old leaves pubescent.

Native name of the variety ''Olopu" on Kauai.

GERANIACEAE.

Geranium L., Spec. pL eel. 1 (1753) 676.

Sect. Neurophyllodes Gray.

G. arboreum Gray Bot. U. S. E. Exp. (1854) 315, t. 31 ;— H.
Mann Enum. Haw. PI. (1866) n. 63, et Fl. Haw. Isl. (1866) p.
163 ;— Elillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 57.

Maui : On the slopes of Haleakala, East Maui, in gulches near
Puuniniau crater, elevation 6000-7000 feet; (Rock n. 8522, flower-
ing and fruiting Oct., 1910), the plant grows in company with
Argyroxyphmm virescens, Raillardia platyphylla, etc.

Note: The flowers of this species are dark purple, with the
petals unequal ; it is a shrub with long rambling branches which
are hirsute.

G. cuneatum Hook Icon, plant. (1840) t. 198 ;— Gray U. S.
E Exp (1854) 312, t. 29;— Mann Enum. Haw. PL (1866; n.
61, et Fl. Haw. Isl. (1866) 162 ;— Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888)
55.

Hawaii : Slopes of Hualalai at an elevation of 6000 feet on a-a
lava and black cinder (Rock n. 3589 flowering June 9, 1909), in
company with Raillardia, Cyathodes, Coprosma ernodeoides, etc.

Note : The plants from Hualalai, probably the type locality, are
not bushy but slender, erect 3-6 dm high and not as profusely
branching as the variety from Mauna Kea; the young branches
are reddish.

Var. a. Menziesii Hook. 1. c. ; Gray 1. c. ; — H. Mann Enum.
Haw. PI. (1866) n. 61, et Fl. Haw. Isl. (1866) 162 ;— Hillebr. Fl.
Haw\ Isl. (1888) 55 as synonyms.

Hawaii : Slopes of Mauna Kea, elevation between 9000-10,000
feet, above Kemole (Rock n. 8329, flowering June, 1910).

Note : This variety of G. cuneatum I observed only above Ke-
mole on the western slopes of Mauna Kea, where it grew in com-
pany with several species of Raillardia, Coprosma, etc. The plant
is very bushy and much branching, flowers whitish, leaves green
on both sides, young branches not reddish as in the species.

Var. r pauciflorum Hillbd. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 55. Var.
hypoleucum Gray U. S. E. Exp. (1854) 312, t. 29, in part.

Hawaii : Slopes of Mauna Kea above Waikii, elevation 10,000
feet. (Rock n. 8345, only one flowering specimen observed, May,
1910), (Hosmer n. 6081, Nov., 1909). (Hosmer n. 8700, flower-
ing August, 1910).

Note : The plant has the habit of variety a Menziesii but differs
in the canescent leaves. The flowering period of this variety falls
in the late summer while the former flowers in May and June.

Geranium tridens Hillebr. Fl. Haw. Isl. (1888) 55. G. cunea-
tum Hook. var. > hololeucum Gray U. S. E. Exp. (1854)
312 t. 29 D.;— H. Mann Enum. Haw. PI. (1866) n. 61, et FL
Haw. Isl. (1866) 162.

Maui : Slopes of Haleakala along the trail leading to the sum-
mit, elevation 6500-9000 feet. A very common shrub in company
with Sophora crysophylla, Raillardia Mendesii, Santalum Hale-
akalae, etc. (Rock n. 8520 anl 8562, flowering and fruiting Sep-
tember, 1910, and October, 1910). (R. S. Hosmer n. 2620 April
26, 1909, without flowers and fruits).

Note : Native name Hinahina.

Geranium humile Hillebr. FL Flaw. Isl. (1888) 56. G. cuyiea-
tum Hook. var. hypolcitcum Gray U. S. E. Exp. (1854) 312 in
part;— H. Mann Enum. Haw. PL (1866) n. 61, et ¥\, Haw. Isl.
(1866) 162.

Maui: Puu Kukui summit of West Maui, elevation 5788 feet.
(Rock & Hammond n. 8147, flowering and fruiting August 21,
1910). Puu Kukui is an open flat swamp whose "vegetation is
mainly composed of the following species: Acaena exigua, Lobe-
lia Gaiidichaiidii, Viola mauiensis, Wilkesia Grayana,Cyathodes
imhricata var. strvithiolotdes, Lagenophora mauiensis^ besides a
number of grasses and Cyperaceae.

Note : The large flowers of this species are not pure white as
described by Hillebr., but have a pink center and purplish veins ;
usually three on a peduncle.

Var. kauaiense Rock var. nov. G. cuneatum var. Mrs. Sin-
clair's Indig. FL Haw. Isl. (1885) t. 35; planta 12 cm alta,
foliis ovato-cuneatis, subtus argenteo-incanis, super viridibus
glabris, apice 3-4 dentatis, dentibus callosis rubris, sepalis incanis.

Whole plant more slender than the species about 12 cm high;
leaves smaller, ovate-cuneate, silky, canescent underneath, gla-
brous green above, the silkiness on the nerves is entirely wanting
in the variety, dentate at the apex, with red callous teeth ; usually
5-nerved; flowers smaller, pinkish white, mostly single or
two on a peduncle, sepals silvery with a reddish border on the
inner side, styles silvery tomentose up to the bright red stigmatic
branches.

Kauai: Summit of Waialeale, elevation 5000 feet, on moss-
covered rocks (Rock n. 4931, flowering Sept. 24, 1909, Oct. 20,
1911).^ Grows in company with Dubautia zvaialealae^ Sanicula
sandzvicensis var.. Lobelia kauaensis, Drosera longifolia, etc,

Note : The plant differs from the species in its smaller leaves
which are glabrous above, and have reddish teeth, as well as in its
styles, the brisrht red stigmatic branches are thick and not filiform
as in G. humile.

Native name ''Nohuanu."

10

ARALIACEAE.

Tetraplasandra Waialealae Rock sp. nov.

Arbor 6-8 m alta, ramis fatulis; foliis 30-45 cm longis, foliolis
5-9 oblongis acuminatis vel obtusis coriaceis, glabris, basi inequila-
teralibus, 9-14 cm x 4-5 cm, petiolulis 1-3 cm longis ; inflores-
centia umbellata composita terminalis ; calyce 1.5 cm x 1 cm
margine undulato, petalis 5-7 ; stamina mimero petalorum quadru-
pla, 2-seriatis ; ovarium 6-loculare ; stigmata in stylopodia conica
5 mm alta.

A tree 6-8 m high with rather spreading branches, leaves 30-45
cm long; leaflets oblong acuminate, thick coriaceous unevensided
at the base otherwise rounded ; inflorescence a terminal compound
umbel of usually 4 peduncles each about from 7-10 cm long, bear-
ing 6 rays ca. 6 cm long, each bearing an urnbellet of 2-5 pedicels
ca. 2 cm long ; calyx tubular purplish black with an undulate
border ; petals 5-7 triangular thick with a prominent median
nerve, glabrous ; stamens in two circles four times as many as
petals, ovary 6-celled; stigmas on a conical stylopode of 5 mm.

Kauai: Summit of Waialeaie, elevation 5000 feet, bordering
the extensive bog, in company with Duhautia, Pelea Waialealae,
Suttonia lanceolata, Lobelia kauaensis, Lahordea Waialealea, etc.
It grows at the edge of a cliff overlooking the windward side of
Kauai, as well as along the banks of Kaluiti stream, and at the
summit proper. (J. F. Rock n. 4902 (young fruits), Sept. 22,
1909, and n. 8870 flowering Oct. 20, 1911; type in Herbarium
College of Hawaii).

Tetftiplasandra Waialealac% R«'«:k.
Al.uiit •nu- Iialt iialtiral -.i/r; stHnviiui tloucr huds aii<l <

12

Tetraplasandra Lanaiensis Rock sp. nov.

Arbor 5 m alta, prorstts glabra; foliis 30-38 cm longis, folioiis
':^-7 , oblongis, obtusis vel breviter aciiminatis, basi inequilaterali-
bus, in petiolulos 1 cm-L5 cm longos, petiolulo foliolii terminalis
multo longiore, articulato ; inflorescentia ter iimbellata in rachem
communem 2.5 cm longam; calyce ca. 6 mm, margine denticu-
lato, petalis 5-6 lanceolatis viricli-flavidis, 7 mm longis, stamina
numero petalorum dupla, ovarium 3-loculare, stigmata sessilis.

A small tree about 5 m high, branching freely, bark smooth
writish, glabrous throughout; leaves 30-38 cm long, leaflets 5-7
oblong, obtuse or bluntly acuminate, unevensided at the base, mid-
rib prominent, 8-10 cm x 4-5 cm, dark green above light under-
neath, the terminal leaflet on a petiolule'of 4 cm which is articu-
late near the blade, the lateral ones on petiolules of 1-1.5 cm, sub-
coriaceous ; inflorescence thrice umbellate not erect but drooping,
the 3-5 peduncles on a common rhachis of about 2.5 cm, about 20
cm long, bearing umbels of 17-21 slender drooping rays of 8-10
cm, these again umbellate with 7-13 pedicels; calyx tubular ca.
6 mm with a denticulate border, petals 5-6 lanceolate greenish-
yellow, 7 mm long, stamens twice as many as petals, ovary 3-
celled, stigmas sessil.

Lanai: Dry forehills in Mahana valley, not common, only two
trees observed, associated with Osmanthiis sandwicensis, Suttonia
Lanaiensis, SiderO'^-ylon spathulatum, Maba sandwicensis, etc.
(Rock n. 808^ flowering August 2, 1910) ; type in Herbarium Col-
lege of Hawaii.

■k^y..

\a,<s lliaii lialt

14

RUTACEAE.
Pelea multiflora Rock sp. nov.

Arbor 10-15 m alta, ramis robustis ; folia opposita, 10-20 cm
X 5-9 cm, petiolata petiolis hirsutis 2-4 cm longis, oblonga, obtusa,
basi subcordata, supra glabra, subtus tomento olivaceo praesertim
m nervo mediano prominente induta ; infiorescentia hirsuta cymo-
so-paniculata 10-12 cm longa, floras 10-60; calycis lobi ovati acuti
petalis longiores, petala et ovaria glabra, capsula glabra qua-
driloba.

^ A tall tree 10-15 m high with very stout branches; leaves oppo-
site oblong 10-20 cm x 5-9 cm, glabrous above, densely covered
underneath with an olivaceous tomentum, especially along the pro-
minent midrib and nerves ; marginal nerve wanting ; young leaves
golden yellow densely hirsute; niflorescence cymosely paniculate
10-12 cm long, hirsute throughout, with 5-6 nodes, the common
peduncle 2-Z cm with large lanceolate bracts of 1.5 cm under
the lower cymose branches of usually 6 cm in length with three
or four nodes, ultimate pedicels 5 mm long, bearing from 10-60
flowers, floral bracts subulate enclosing the persistent calyx which
in turn encloses the 4-valvate petals of 5 mm in the fertile
flowers; sepals ovate acute hirsute, petals and ovary glabrous;
capsule glabrous 3 cm each way, carpels parted their entire
leng^th.

Maui : Haleakala, lavafields of Auahi, district of Kahikinui, in
company with Alectryon macrococcus^ Pterotropia dipyrena, Bo-
hea sandwicensis, Alphitonia excelsa, Antidesma puhinaHmi,
etc. (Rock n. 8646 flowering and fruiting Nov., 1910).

■:.r- ■■■!..■

Feiea miiiitiiora

16

PITTOSPORACEAE.

Pittosporum halophylum Rock sp. nov.

Frutex erecttis ca 1 m alttis, rami robusti ; folia coriacea, ovata
vel obovata 4-6. S cm x 2-3 cm, breviter petiolata petiolo 1 cm
longo, obtusa vel emar2:inata, basi breviter acuminata, supra gla-
bra, pallicle viriclia, subtus flavido-fusco-tomentosa ; inflorescentia
caulina, sepala oblonga, acuminata, tomento sericeo flavido induta ;
corollae cremeae tubus 1 cm laciniis 3-polo longior ; ovarium hir-
sutum; capsula (ignota).

A small shrub ca 1 m high, with stout branches ; leaves ovate
to obovate, 4 cm-6.5 cm x 2 cm-3.3 cm, obtuse or rounded or emar-
ginate at the apex suddenly tapering into a short petiole of 1 cm,
pale green above wrinkled with a close areolar network, glabrous,
covered with a yellowish brown wool underneath, young leaves
pubescent on both sides ; inflorescence cauline immediately under
the leaves, on a short peduncle of 5 mm; flowers on pedicels of

5 mm, covered with a fawn colored tomentum, corolla cream
colored fragrant, tube 1 cm, petals one third as long ; stamens
two-thirds the length of the tube, anthers oblong; ovary hirsute,
style as long as the tube ; capsule unknown.

Molokai : Alon^ the beach on the windward side of the island
within the spray of the sea, between Kalawao and Waikolu, (Rock

6 Nevin n. 6183 flowering March 26, 1910; Nevin flowering Aug.
14, 1911). This species is exceedingly interesting as it represents
the only litoral species from the islands ; the name P. litorale was
used at first in the manuscript, but having been anticipated for
a Philippine species by Merrill, the Greek name is here substituted
for it.

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SAPOTACEAE.

Sideroxylon auahiense Rock sp. nov.

Arbor 8-10 m alta, folia coriacea glabra, folia novella tomen-
losa, elliptico-oblonga 8-12 cm lon^a, 4-6 cm lata petiolis 3-4 cm
longis; flores solitarii vel 2 ex axillis f oliorum ; ovarium villosum
5-loculare, bacca globosa, citrea, apice acuminata, sessilis vel sub-
sessilis 3.5cm-4.S cm diam.

A tree 8-10 m high, with a broad round crown, branches pale
glaucous, terete , glabrous ; leaves coriaceous pale green glabrous
on both sides when old, shining- above, covered with a gray sil-
very tomentum when young, elliptical oblong, bluntly acuminate
or rounded, 8-12 cm x 4-6 cm on petioles of 3-4 cm, veins
parallel leaving midrib at wide angles of about 80° ; flowers sin-
gle, rarely two in the axilis of the alternate leaves, calyx hirsute 5
parted to near the base, the lobes rounded, corolla ( ?) ; ovary
hirsute five celled, style short, berry drupaceous sessil or subsessil
bright citron yellow smooth globose pointed at the apex, five seed-
ed 3.5 cm-4-5 cm in diameter, bright yellow inside, fleshy; seeds
20 mm long by 10 mm wide, enclosed in a thin papery pyrena,
elongate not flat as in 5'. rhynchospermum, the thick crustaceous
testa yellowish with reddish spots, shining; the scar of the raphe
shorter than the ventral angle ; cotyledons as broad and long as
the albumen the minute radical inferior.

The tree differs from 5^. sandivicense mainly in its large bright
yellow sessil fruits which have the shape of the fruits of the Afri-
can Mangosteen, in its single flowers, and very pale glabrous
foliage.

Maui : Southern slopes of Haleakala lava fields at Auahi, dis-
trict of Kahikinui, elevation 3000 feet, in company with Alectryon
nmcrococcus, Pelea multiilora, Fterotropia dypirena, etc. Side-
roxylon sandwicense var ? is found also at the same place, having
fruits exactly like S. rhynchospernuni, but seeds as in S. sandwi-
cense. Sideroxylon spathulatum, only recorded from Lanai grows
also at Auahi, Maui, but 1000 feet or so lower than 5^. auahiense,
in company with Chrysophyllum polynesicum. (Rock no. 8668
fruiting Nov., 1910). Type Herb. College of Hawaii.

The specific name refers to the locality on Haleakala to which
tlie tree is peculiar.

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Sideroxylon spathulatum Hbd.

Flora Haw. Isl. (1888) 277;— Drake Del Castillo, Illust. Fl.
Insul. Maris Pacifici (1892) 228.

The fruits of this species, which were unknown, were collected
by the writer in company with Mr. J. G. Hammond on the island
of Lanai where the tree is quite common. Following is a de-
scription of the fruits of the above species:

Fruit a drupaceous berry dark orange colored and glabrous
when mature, covered with a rufous tomentum when young, 3.5
cm long, by little over 2 cm wide, conical, acuminate at the apex ;
5-seeded, each seed enclosed in a membraneous yellow pyrena,
20 mm long, 7 mm wide, rounded at both ends, grayish brown,
rather dull, linear elongate, the raphe occupying almost the whole
ventral angle. Cotyledons nearly as long and broad as the albu-
men, radical about 3 mm long and superior, fruit flesh light yel-
low.

Lanai : Common in Mahana and Kaiholena Valley as well as on
the windward slopes of Lanai in company with Chrysophyllum
polynesiciim, Bobea sandwicensis, Osmanthiis, etc. (Rock n. 8039
flowering and fruiting July 26, 1910'^.

Maui: Southern slopes of Haleakala lava fields of Auahi, Ka-
hikinui, elevation 2000 feet. (Rock no. 8684 fruiting November,
1910). Li company with Reynoldsia sandzvicensis^ AnHdesma
pulvinatuni, etc.

3 9015 00692 7530

THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

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