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II

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FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

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FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

VOL. II. PART III.

COLEOPTERA. L

D. Sharp.

R. C. L. Perkins.

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FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

OR THE

ZOOLOGY OF THE SANDWICH (HAWAHAN) ISLES

Being Results of the Explorations instituted by the Joint Committee

appointed by

THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON FOR PROMOTING NATURAL KNOWLEDGE
AND THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE

And carried on with the assistance of those Bodies and of the Trustees of
THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM AT HONOLULU.

EDITED BY

DAVID SHARP, M.B., M.A., F.R.S.

SECRETARY OF THE COMMITTEE.

VOLUME II. PART III.

COLEOPTERA. I.
By D. sharp and R. C. L. PERKINS.

Pages 91 — 270; Plates VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, uncoloured.

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1900

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COLEOPTERA PHYTOPHAGA

By D. sharp.

COLEOPTERA RHYNCHOPHORA, PROTE-

RHINIDAE,

COLEOPTERA HETEROMERA, CIOIDAE

By R. C. L. PERKINS.

91

COLEOPTERA\

I. COLEOPTERA PHYTOPHAGA.
By D. Sharp.

Contents, § i, General remarks ; § 2, Systematic account; § 3, Bibliographic list.

§ 1. General Remarks.

The remarkably successful zoological work of Mr Perkins has thrown fresh
light on many points connected with the entomology of the Hawaiian Islands.
It would be out of place to discuss most of these points at present, but there is one
to which I may here allude. It was formerly supposed that very few specimens of any
of the precinctive^ species could be obtained. As the geographical area of the islands
is very small, it of course followed as a corollary that the number of individuals existing
of a species was extremely small. Although there is still much truth in this idea, it has
nevertheless become clear that in many cases the limitation is far from being so great as
we supposed it to be, Mr Perkins having procured a large number of individuals of
numerous precinctive species. He has however succeeded in doing this in most cases
only by tracing the exact conditions under which they exist. It thus remains true that,
compared with the great majority of Insects in other parts of the world, the individuals

^ Owing to the great extent of the Hawaiian Coleoptera this Order will be dealt with in divisions.
Editor.

^ I use the word precinctive in preference to endemic or peculiar — both of which are in common use —
in the sense of "confined to the area under discussion." The word endemic has been objected to on the
grounds that its derivation does not indicate geographical restriction, and that it is actually used in medicine
to signify constant, but not necessarily exclusive, presence in a locality. The word peculiar has no special
connection with geography and when used by itself is often inadequate to convey the meaning intended ; so
that when one speaks of "peculiar" forms it is necessary to add some expression to make it clear that
geographical peculiarity is meant. Hence we require another word that can be used when there is no context
(as in tables), or when the context does not make it clear that geographical restriction is the point in view.
Precinctive appears to me suitable for this purpose and I see no objection to the use of the word restricted.
*' Precinctive forms " means therefore forms that are confined to the area specified.

F. H. II. 13

92 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

of a species actually existing are very few ; the species having not only a very small
geographical distribution, but also being found in but few stations in the area.

The fact that species are sometimes found in considerable numbers at some of
these stations renders it doubtful whether there is diminished fertility of the individuals,
as I formerly supposed. At present there is but little evidence on this point.

Whether the Insects are unusually specialised in their modes of life is also doubtful.
Most of them are either forest species, or are of alpine or subalpine habits.

Many forest Insects in other parts of the world are notorious as being but rarely
met with. In the New Forest, in the south of England, this is certainly the case, and
it is probably due to the fact that trees are only attacked when they are in certain
stages of decay, or offer some special kind of shelter, or are accompanied by some
particular kinds of fungoid growths.

Variation. In the case of two or three of the species dealt with in this paper
I have had at my disposal some hundreds of specimens for examination. It therefore
seems necessary that I should make some remarks on their variation, though on
considering this I find that the data are very inadequate for a complete discussion.
Nevertheless it will be well to present certain facts with regard to the genus Plagithmy-
sus which appears to be one of the most suitable genera for the study of variation in
Hawaiian Insects.

Twenty-nine species of this genus are now known. But about nineteen of these
have each been found only in a single station, and of the remaining ten several are so
rare that no opinion can be pronounced as to their variation. We have little or no
information as to the distribution of the species beyond the fact that no species has yet
been found on more than one island. It would scarcely be possible to find species more
closely allied than are some of these Plagithmysus and yet, so far as the specimens yet
procured entitle us to judge, though found in the same locality and at the same season
they appear to be really distinct. P, varians, P. darwinianus and P, lamarckianus are
examples of this, all of them having been procured at Kilauea in August ; they are as
closely allied as any three species can be.

Varieties of the same species may be found together, and copulate indiscriminately.
The variation is not indiscriminate. It appears probable that each species has its own
set of variations and in some cases closely allied species could be defined by their
variation. As an example I may refer to the colour of the hind legs. In P. aequalis
these are either black or red, there are no intermediates although the two kinds copulate
indiscriminately. The species is as regards this character dimorphic. In the three
closely allied species — P. varians, P. darwinianus, P. lamarckianus — the facts are
different. Here also there is variation in the redness or blackness of the legs, but the
varieties of one species are not completely discontinuous. Moreover the species
differ from one another in their variation in this respect. P. varians is very variable as
regards the character in question. A highly remarkable variety of it has each leg half

COLEOPTERA 93

red, half black. This variety is very common in this species but does not occur at all
in either of the two allies though each of them is variable to a greater {P. lamarckianus)
or less {P, darwinianus) extent as to the redness and blackness of the legs. P. varians
is almost trimorphic as regards the colour of the legs, but the three forms are not
completely distinct, and one of them is very much rarer than the other two.

Of P, darwinianus I have not a large series before me, but Mr Perkins examined
a large number of specimens of this species captured by Mr A. Koebele and tells me
that the legs are always red or nearly so in it\

Thus as regards the character here considered we find that P, aequalis is
dimorphic, that P. varians is imperfectly trimorphic, and that P. darwinianus is only
slightly variable.

Very little information is available as to local variation. We have not received
any one species of Plagithmysus from more than one locality in any considerable
number ; the specimens we have received lead me however to anticipate that consider-
able local difference in the variation exists. As an example I may mention that the
five specimens of P, aequalis — a species confined to the island of Kauai— found at
Waimea in April cannot be quite matched by any specimens of the large series found at
Makaweli in January and February. Whether greater information as to local variation
would lead to the union of some of the species at present treated as distinct, is a point
on which I am not at all positive.

I may however point out that the three closely allied species I have already
mentioned as being found in one locality have there each a different food-tree. In
other words they are segregated by food though not by locality.

The two closely allied species, P. blackburni and P, darwinianus, exhibit the
converse of this. Though both are found in the island of Hawaii and have the same
food-tree they have not yet been found in the same locality. Each of these species has
however as yet only been once or twice met with. It would be very interesting
to know whether they ever occur together, and if so whether they still remain

distinct.

In connection with this I must not omit to call attention to the peculiar case of
P. vitticollis with its var. longuhis, and of P, biskofii with its y^v, gracilis. In the case
of these species the variety and typical form inhabit either different localities or different
trees. We know however but little about these two species, and it is possible that
these *' varieties" may be incipient species, or even closely allied, but actually distinct
forms. At present it holds good that all the forms I have treated as distinct species
are segregated either geographically or by food : and this also applies to the two
varieties just mentioned.

> A small series only of P. lamarckianus having been procured I do not mention its variation here, but
may refer the reader to p. no. It appears to be different from either of the other species as regards

the character under discussion,

13—2

94 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Distribution. Turning our attention to distribution, we note that the Coleoptera
Phytophaga of the world consist of three great families : Chrysomelidae, Bruchidae, and
Cerambycidae.

(i) Chrysomelidae. There are about 18,000 species of Chrysomelidae known,
they are found nearly everywhere except in the Hawaiian Islands, where there is only a
single species ; and even this has apparently been introduced quite recently. Chry-
somelidae live on foliage, and the Hawaiian Islands are doubtless well adapted to sustain
them, so that the absence of this great family has an important significance,

(2) Bruchidae. A family of about 700 species, of very little importance in this
connection. The species live in seeds and are carried about by commerce. A few
specimens have been found at Honolulu.

(3) Cerambycidae. One of the important families of Coleoptera, consisting of
upwards of 12,000 species. Fifty-four have been discovered m the Hawaiian
Archipelago, of which number forty-five are precinctive, while nine have been found
elsewhere. These nine species belong to as many different genera ; the individuals do
not differ in the islands to any appreciable extent from those found elsewhere. Owing
to their comparative lack of interest they have however been but little collected. There
is nothing in their distribution that throws any light on the origin of the Hawaiian
fauna. The forty-five precinctive species of Cerambycidae belong to two very distinct
categories. First there are single species of two genera of Prionini. Each of the
genera to which they belong has a wide distribution ; the Hawaiian forms are not
closely allied to any of the external forms ; they are in fact rather more distinct than is
usual in their genera, so that there is no indication of special affinity with species of any
other locality. The forty-three precinctive species of Cerambycini are totally
different from the two Prionini we have discussed : they belong to three genera, very
closely allied inter se, and form a special group or tribe — Plagithmysides — peculiar
to the islands, distinguished by the wings having no transverse fold. They seem to be
nearest allied to the genera Neoclytus and Euryscelis, which are found in North and
Central America and the Greater Antilles, They are in appearance the most remarkable
of the Hawaiian Coleoptera and must be considered as a very highly specialised
group of Cerambycidae. They are remarkable in their habits \

Thus there is a very great distinction between these Plagithmysides and the
non-precinctive Cerambycidae found in the islands ; but the two endemic Prionini
occupy as it were an intermediate place in their characters. These latter may be
compared with the Corvus hawaiiensis amongst the birds, while the Plagithmysides
appear to be analogous with the Drepanidae.

^ See on this point Perkins, Ent. Mag. xxxii. p. 190, and P. Cambridge Phil. Soc. ix. p. 373.

COLEOPTERA g^

§ 2. Systematic account of the Coleoptera Phytophaga.

Fam. CHRYSOMELIDAE.

Epitrix Foudr.

( I ) Epitrix parvula Fabr.
Crioceris parvula Fabn, Syst. El. i. p. 468.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mts. ; Molokai. On '*poha" or *' cape gooseberry "—a
plant which has no precinctive insect attached to it.

Mr Jacoby has examined some of our specimens of this insect, and informs me
that they are not to be distinguished from E, parvula, a species widely distributed
in Central America and the Antilles. The species was not found by Mr Blackburn
and has probably been recently introduced.

Fam. BRUCHIDAE.

Bruchus L.

BruckuSy sp.

Species of this family are doubtless occasionally carried to islands with peas and
beans, or other seeds. Mr Perkins has brought back two or three specimens found
at Honolulu.

Fam. CERAMBYCIDAE.

Subfam. PRIONINL

Parandra Latr.

(i) Parandra puncticeps Sharp.

Parandra puncticeps Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 202.

Rare, of nocturnal habits, chiefly found in the month of September, in several
islands.

Hab. Kauai, 4000 ft. May, July, September, and October, Perkins. — Oahu, in
'' Acacia falcata'' in the mountains, Blackburn. — Molokai, September 1893, Perkins.
— Hawaii ; Kona, July and September, Perkins,

96 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

This species exhibits a great deal of variation in the form and proportions of the
prothorax, epistome, mandibles, etc. and there may possibly be more than one form in
the islands. The material before me is not sufficient to decide as to this, owing to the
development of the individual being subject to much variation ; but the varieties appear
to be to some extent located in different islands.

Aegosoma Serv.
(i) Aegosoma refiexum Karsch.
Aegosoma refiexum Karsch, Berlin, ent. Zeltschr. xxv. 1881, p. 7, PL I. fig. 11.

Hab. Kauai, in July, Perkins. — Maui ; Grove Ranche, Karsch ; Haleakala,
Perkins. — Hawaii ; Kona and Kilauea, Perkins.

This species is common in the larval state, in wet or dry, decayed wood, and is
also found in trees that are not entirely dead. The imago is rare, being nocturnal,
and only occasionally attracted by light.

Subfam. CERAMBYCINL
Group OEMIDES,

Xystrocera Serv.
(i) Xystrocera globosa Olivier.
Cerambix globosus Oliv., Ent. iv. 67, p. 2'], p. xii, fig. 81.

Hab. Oahu ; Honolulu (Perkins). No doubt recently introduced. The species
is widely distributed outside the islands, and its occurrence in Honolulu has no special
interest.

Group HESPEROPHANIDES.
AsTRiMus Sharp.

(i) Astrimus hirtus Fairm.

Stromatium hirtum Fairm., Rev. Zool. i860, p. 50.

(n. syn.) Astrimus obscurus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. 1878, p. 204.

Hab. Oahu ; Honolulu, Blackburn.

This was no doubt introduced, and it is doubtful whether it has become naturalized
or has died out. It was not met with by Mr Perkins. The species is widely dis-
tributed, having been found in Siam, Fiji, and the Philippine Islands as well as in
Tahiti. Mr Gahan considers Gelonaetha Thoms. to be the same genus as Astrimus
Sharp. I was formerly of the opinion that Stromatium hirtum was a different species,
but I now accept Mr Gahan's identification of the two.

COLEOPTERA 97

Group CALLIDIOPSIDES.

Ceresium Newman.

(i) Ceresium simplex GylL

Stenocorus simplex Gyll. in Schonherr Syn. Ins. App. i, 3, p. 178.
Ceresium simplex Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 203.

Hab. Oahu; Honolulu, Blackburn, Perkins; Waialua, Perkins.— Molokai,
Perkins. — Maui ; Wailuku, Perkins.

The species is widely distributed in the Pacific islands, but the record of it as
occurring in New Zealand {Callidium zelandicum Blanchard, Voyage Pole sud,
IV. p. 272, PI XVIL fig. 4) was probably erroneous; Blanchard's figure does not
appear to represent this species. It probably occurs on all the islands where the
introduced Acacia — Prosopis, sp. ? — is found. It comes freely to light and has been
noticed by Mr Perkins on all the islands except Lanai, though I have mentioned above
only localities that have been specially noted.

CuRTOMERus Steph.
( I ) Curtomerus pilicornis Fab.

Callidiwm pilicorne Fab., Ent. Syst. i. 2, p. 327.
Curtomerus luteus Steph., 111. Brit. Ent. iv. p. 249.
Sotenus setiger Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 205.

Hab. Oahu; Honolulu, Blackburn, Perkins. — Also seen on Maui at Lahaina.
The species is no doubt liable to be carried about, having been found on one occasion
in England. Other localities are South America, the W. India islands, and Florida.

Group CLYTIDES.

Clytus Laich.
(i) Clytus crinicornis Chevr.

Clytus crinicornis Chevr., Ann. Soc. Ent France, i860, p. 460.

Hab. Oahu; Blackburn, Perkins.^ — Kauai; Perkins. — Molokai, Perkins. — Abun-
dant all over the islands, on the introduced Acacia, Prosopis, sp. This is a Central
American species.

98 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Group PLAGITHMYSIDES.

The difficulty of distinguishing the three genera of Plagithmysides has considerably
increased in consequence of the discovery of additional forms. The characters
distinguishing Clytarlus from Plagithmysus are, that in the former genus the hind
legs are clubbed and possess a long slender basal stalk. A sexual difference in the
form of the legs is constant in Clytarlus inasmuch as the femora of the female are less
clubbed than they are in the male (Plate VI. figg. 2 and 3). On the other hand
in the large majority of the species of Plagithmysus there is very little difference in
the legs of the two sexes, and the femora are never abruptly clubbed, and with a
long thin basal stalk. The females of Plagithmysus funebris, arachnipes and cristatus
possess however much more slender legs than their males, and therefore considerably
approach Clytarlus, The female of Clytarlus pennatus, has the legs but little clubbed,
and therefore there is but little difference between it and the females of the three
species of Plagithmysus mentioned.

The male of Plagithmysus cristatus approximates in the form of the legs to
Callithmysus, Thus this species is as it were the central point of the group, its male
approaching Callithmysus^ while its female comes near to Clytarlus,

It is also desirable to mention, in connection with the extraordinary reduction in
size of the abdomen in this group, that this character is subject in the females of the
same species to great variation. This is probably in connection with the growth of
the ovaries. Some of the females have the abdomen very small, while in others,
of the same sex and species, it is of the size normal in Coleoptera.

Mr Perkins has observed that the extraordinarily complex stridulating organs of
these insects are brought into play during breeding, and that very frequent coupling
occurs, and this to an extent that is almost unknown otherwise in insects ; the
Plagithmysides are extremely active and are apparently both polyandrous and poly-
gamous. He has also suggested that the size of the abdomen influences the stridulating.
So that all the observations that have been made tend to show that the unequalled
complexity of the stridulating organs is correlative with the unusual system of copula-
tion and probably plays an important part in it.

Clytarlus Sharp.

Clytarlus Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. Oct. 1896, p. 238.
Clytarlus (pars) Sharp, Tr, Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 102.

All the species of Clytarlus, except C, abnormisy are attached to one of the two
Acdici^s, Sophora chrysophylla and Acacia koa. They are rare and difficult to obtain.
The material before me is not adequate for the satisfactory elucidation of these very
difficult insects.

COLEOPTERA ^^

(i) Clytarlus filipes Sharp,
Clytarlus filipes Sharp, Tn Dublin Soc. (2) iii. 1885, p, 196.
This species has the punctuation of the upper surface denser and finer than in the
allies. It is readily distinguished, so far as the male is concerned by the peculiar struc
ture of the dorsal plate of the genital segment, which is unusually large and very deeply
notched, so that the two angles project as a sort of forceps at the tip of the body
(Plate VI . fig. \a)

Hab. Hawaii ; Mauna Loa, '' on Acacia sp." Blackburn : Kona and Kilauea in
August and September ; Kau, the half-way house, Sepr. Perkins. Apparently rare, we
having received only 15 examples. Attached to Sopkora ckrysophylla.

(2) Clytarlus mediocris, sp. nov.

Minor, fusco-niger, depressus, opacus, albido-vestitus, elytris plus minusve conspicue
transversim fasciatis, antennis pedibusque fusco-testaceis, femoribus basibus pallidis.
Long. 4^ — 6|^millim.

(Plate VI. figs, r and ib.)

Closely allied to C filipes, but with a shorter stalk to the hind femora, and with
the terminal dorsal plate of the male much less deeply excised.

Hab. Maui ; a series of 38 specimens was found on Haleakala, 3000—5000 ft.
May 1896. Attached to Sopkora chrysophylla.

(3) Clytarlus fragilis Sharp.

Clytarlus fragilis Sharp, Tr. ent. Soc. London 1881, p. 534; Tr. Dublin Soc. (2)
III. 1885, PI. V. fig. 48.

Hab. Oahu ; Palolo Valley, November, Blackburn : Waianae mountains, Feb-
ruary 1896, and April 1892 ; beaten from dead branches of Koa, Perkins. Apparently
very rare, only four specimens having been obtained. On Acacia koa,

(4) Clytarlus debilis, sp, nov.

Minor, subdepressus, testaceo-brunneus, in elytris subfasciatus, dense punctatus,
pedibus ex parte majore testaceis, femoribus posterioribus clava abrupta. Long. %
9 millim.

Closely allied to C. fragilis, but with the club of the hind femora rather longer,
F. H. II. 14; ;

too FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

and the punctuation of the elytra denser ; the punctuation on the brown band behind
the scutellum denser and finer. The antennae are rather long, yellow, but little thicker
at the tip. The pronotum is transversely evenly convex without median or lateral
crests, there being a single ante-median, and two smaller post-median transverse eleva-
tions. The punctuation on the apical parts of the elytra is obsolete ; the colour of the
hairs forming the obscure elytral fasciae is yellow rather than white ; the pubescence on
the femora is long, and that on the under surface of the body is long and scanty. The
stalk of the hind femur is very pallid and long, the club Is abrupt, brown. Only five
abdominal segments can be seen in the male, and the hind-margins of the dorsal and
ventral plates of the fifth are broad and nearly straight.
Only two specimens of the male sex have been found.

A third specimen, from Mauna Loa 17. vii, 92, is I have no doubt the female ; it is
much larger, and has much less abruptly clubbed femora.

Hab. Hawaii ; Mauna Loa (W.) Sepr. 1892, 4000 ft ; Hualalai, 5, viii, 92, 5000 ft.
On Acacia koa.

(5) Clytarlus obscuruSy sp. nov.

Minor, rufo-obscurus, vel fuscus, albido-pubescens, in elytris subfasciatus, an tennis
pedibusque testaceis, femoribus clava fusca. Long. 4^ — 6-J millim.

Van An tennis pedibusque ex parte majore nigris.

This is an excessively variable species in the colour of the elytra, legs and antennae,
in the length of the white hairs, and in the fasciae of the elytra ; it also varies consider-
ably in the elongation of the legs ; the variation in size seems to be less than it is in
some other species. The thorax usually appears somewhat depressed longitudinally on
each side of the middle, so that the middle appears slightly crested, but the transverse
elevations on the middle are very small. The legs bear a very distinct, fine long
pubescence ; the hind femora have a long basal stalk yellow in colour, and a darker,
moderately long and abrupt club, which is much thicker and more abrupt in the male
than it is in the female. The genital segment of the male is simple. The punctuation
in this species is less dense and fine than in C Jilipes and mediocris, and the simple
genital segment of the male clearly distinguishes (T. obscurus from both those species.
The paler varieties closely resemble C fragilis and C debilis, but may be separated
therefrom by the less abrupt club of the femora, and by the darker colour.

Hab. Kauai ; in several localities at a height of about 3000 feet, Perkins ; nearly
fifty specimens. On Acacia koa.

COLEOPTERA ,^,

(6) Clytarlus modestus Sharp.

Clytarlus modestus Sharp, Tr. ent. Soc, 1879, p. 104.

Hab. Maui; Haleakala, 4— 5000 ft. in April and May, '' ovi Acacia falcata:
Blackburn; Haleakala, 5000ft. May, Perkins. On Acacia koa.

(7) Clytarlus claviger, sp. no v.

Secundum sexum diversus. Mas, rufus, albido-pubescens, elytris fere nudis, in
medio longitudinaliter breviter albido-signatis, femoribus abrupte clavatis, clava nigra.
Fern., fusca, albido-pubescens, antennis pedibusque testaceis, his gracilibus, clava fusca,
gracili. Long. $ 7^ millim.

This is closely allied to C. modestus. The thorax is a little cristate along the
middle. The punctuation of the elytra is dense and fine, and leaves the surface a little
shining.

Hab. Hawaii; Kilauea, June 1895. O^ Acacia koa.

Although only two males and one female have been obtained, and the two indi-
viduals of the male sex are very different in appearance, yet I have little doubt that
they belong to one species, and are distinct from C modestus. The male is readily
distinguished by the black femoral club, and the female by its larger size and darker
colour. The individual of the female sex is very different from the males.

(8) Clytarlus laticollis^ sp. nov.

Rufo-testaceus, parum pubescens ; pedibus minus elongatis, femoribus clava rufa,
elongata ; thorace densisissime punctato, medio late obtuseque elevato ; elytris fortiter
punctatis, medio plagis obsoletis albido-pubescentibus. Long. 775 millim.

Only one specimen — a male — has been obtained. The species has the clubbed
legs of ClytarluSy but the slender stalk is less elongate than in the normal Clytarlus,
being in fact only as long as the club. Thorax broad and short, extremely densely
punctured, almost without pubescence, with a broad elevation — rather than a crest —
along the middle, and with five or six transverse elevations on this. Elytra much
narrowed behind, strongly punctured at the base, obsoletely at the tip, v/ith very little
pubescence but with a small divided mark of scanty white hairs on the middle.

Hab. Maui; Haleakala, 5000ft. May 1896, Perkins. On Acacia koa,

14 — 2

I02 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(9) Clytarlus abnormis, sp. nov,

Rufus, pectore fusco ; pedibus minus elongatis ; thorace densisissime punctato,
supra inaequali, haud cnstato ; elytris dense, subtiliter punctatis, singulo posterius ad
suturam linea pubescentiae albidescente. Long. 9*5 millim.

Only one specimen — a male — has been received of this distinct species ; the legs
are formed much as in C laticollis, but in several other respects the two species are
very distinct. The thorax is not like that of any other species ; it is very densely
punctured above, and has no transverse elevations or scabrosities along the middle, but
has an obtuse conical tubercle in front, and a broad obscure elevation behind ; the
surface is also more prominent on each side, so that the dorsum is very uneven. The
elytra are rather shining ; the line of pubescence along the suture of each extends from
the tip to a little in front of the middle, and there are a few additional pallid hairs on
the outside of each line where it ends. The club of the hind femora is elongate and
very gradual.

Hab. Hawaii; Olaa, September 1896. Probably attached to Metrosideros or
Straussia ; not to Acacia, as there are none growing in the locality of its occurrence.

(to) Clytarlus pennatus Sharp.

Clytarlus pennatus Sharp, Tn ent. Soc. London 1881, p. 532.

(Plate VL fig. 2 J, fig. 3 ?.)

The specimen originally described was a male. Both sexes vary much in size ;
the female is more slender, and the legs are much thinner and bear but little pubescence.
A fine series has now been obtained ; the variation is considerable as regards colour,
size (8 — 12^ millim.) and pubescence, but is nothing like so great as it is in several
species of Plagitkmysus.

Hab. Maui ; Haleakala, Blackburn ; Haleakala, 5000 ft. February and May,
Perkins. On Acacia koa. Mr Blackburn originally met with this species '*on the
same tree as Proterhinus leconteiy C pennatus and P, lecontei, according to Mr
Perkins' observations, live on different species of trees, so that the earlier record was
probably based on a mere accidental occurrence.

(11) Clytarlus nodifer^ sp. nov.

Fuscus, vel testaceus, dense albido-pubescens, elytris vel fasciis interruptis duabus,
vel maculis quatuor denudatis ; pedibus testaceis minus elongatis; maris femoribus
abrupte clavatis, clava fusca dense albido-vestita ; femlnae clava gracili fusca, parum
dense albido-setosa ; tibiis apice fusco. Long. 6 — 12 millim.

COLEOPTERA 103

Allied to C pennatus, but with shorter legs, and more abrupt club to the posterior
femora. Thorax strongly cristate, with an abrupt anterior vertical elevation, and a well-
marked posterior elevation bearing two carinae. The colour of the elytra varies, it is
usually blackish, but is sometimes yellow along the outer margins ; the white pubescence
is more dense in the male than in the female ; the denuded spaces are densely and
finely punctured. The femoral club is very dark, in abrupt contrast to the pallid stalk,
and it is variegated with white pubescence which is much more extensive in the male
than it is in the female ; in the latter sex the club is only slender, and is not abrupt.

Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 3000 ft. March 1896. A small series of eleven specimens,
unfortunately much broken. Attached to Acacia koa.

(12) Clytarlus longipes, sp. nov.

Gracilis, dense subtiliter punctatus, opacus ; mas rufus, elytris parce albido-vestitis,
ante medium fascia angulata denudata, pedibus testaceis, femoribus clava elongata rufa ;
femina supra fusca, thorace plus minusve evidenter rufo-vittato, elytris tenuiter albido-
vestitis, haud signatis ; pedibus fuscis, femoribus basi testacea. Long. 6 — 8^ millim.
(Plate VL fig. 4 t)

This species exhibits considerable difference between the sexes. The male to a
certain extent reminds one of Plagithmysus both in form and colour, while the female is
extremely similar to certain females of C. obscurus. The thorax is scarcely at all
cristate, but has a well-marked elevation in front, and two behind the middle, it is very
densely punctate, and has very little pubescence ; it is red in the male, black, obscurely
striped with red in the female. The elytra are finely, very densely punctured, quite
dull. In the male they are red, with an angular space covered with white pubescence
about the scutellum, and also with the apical half bearing a good deal of white pubes-
cence. In the female they are nearly black, red only at the basal margin, and there is
white pubescence scantily distributed all over them and not forming a pattern. The
legs are very different in the two sexes ; in the male the middle femora are shaped as
in Plagithmysus, but the hind legs are those of Clytarlus, with a rather long club : in
the female the middle and hind legs are long and slender, with long slender clubs to the
femora.

This species was found in sufficient numbers to make it probable that the sexual
distinctions are fairly constant. It appears to have been found in company with
C. obscurus, and some of the females of the two are so similar that comparison of the
form and length of the legs is necessary to distinguish the most similar examples ; while
between the males of the two species there is but little resemblance.

Hab. Kauai ; thirty specimens. On Acacia koa.

104 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(13) ClytaiHtis annectens, sp, nov.

Gracilis, rufus, dense punctatus, elytris in dimidio apicale guttis minutissimis
albidis ; pedibus basi antennisque flavis : femoribus posterioribus clava elongata,
suboblonga. Long. 7*5 millim.

Only one individual, a m^le, has been found of this species which might be placed
with as much propriety in Plagithmysus as in Clytarhis, The thorax is not crested
along the middle, but there is a slight anterior elevation, and numerous minute irregular
scabrous elevations behind it : the sculpture is excessively dense and fine and there is
almost no pubescence. The elytra are much narrowed behind, and are densely and
rather closely punctured : there are some excessively minute spots of white hairs on the
apical part near the suture, and also a few below the shoulder. There is a dense white
pubescence on the sides of the breast. The middle legs have a long club and a rather
short but slender stalk ; on the hind legs the stalk is longer and slender, so that I refer
the species to Clytarhis rather than to Plagithmystis.

Hab. Kauai, 1894. On Acacia koa.

Plagithmysus Motsch.

Stenopterus? Motschoulsky, Bull. Soc. Moscou, 1845, p. 85.

Plagithmystts, id. op. cit. Pt. II. 1845, p. 41 ; Sharp, C. R. Soc. ent. Belgique,

1885, P- Ixxiv ; id. Ent. Mo. Mag. 1896, p. 237.
CEnemona (erroneously), Motschoulsky, Etudes ent. 1852, p. 76.
Neoclytus (pars), Horn, Tr. Amer. ent. Soc. v. p. 150.
Clytarhis Sharp, Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1878, pp. 206 and 208.
Clytarlus (pars), id. op. cit. 1879, p. 102.

Mr Perkins has obtained fine series of this genus, enabling me to feel pretty
certain that the species are fairly distinct, and can be readily recognised notwithstanding
their being in many cases very closely aUied. No species has been found on two
islands. Apparently each species is confined to one kind of tree. Nine of the species are
attached to one or other of the precinctive Acacias. Closely allied species are attached
in certain cases to the same species of tree, but it would seem that they are in this case
geographically separated. P, blackbttrni and P, darwmianus are both attached to
Sophora chrysophyllay and both occur on the island of Hawaii, but they have not been
found in the same locality there. Closely allied species (/^. darwinianus, varians and
lamarckianus) live in the same locality but are attached to different trees.

COLEOPTERA 105

( I ) P lagithiny stis vitticollis Sharp.

Plagithmysiis vitticollis Sharp, Ent. Mo, Mag. xxxii. 1896, p. 240.

(Plate VL fig, 5 ; ?.)

Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea, August 1895. O^^ Akala {Rtibus sp.) Perkins.

Var. longulus Shp. 1. c.

Hab. Hawaii, Olaa.

Mr Perkins has now procured a fair series of the variety longulus. None of the
individuals have any signs of being red on the elytra ; the thoracic vittae are less
definite, the lateral yellow patch being considerably less extensive and there are few or
no white hairs on the hind feet. One or two of the individuals are however intermediate
in these respects, so that 'it is probable that both van longuhis and the typical form
belong to one species which has a slightly different variation in the two localities. As
the two forms of the species live on different trees, it would be possible to infer that we
have in this case a species in process of dividing into two.

(2) Plagithntysus permundtis, sp. nov.

Gracilis, niger, thorace nigerrimo, vittis albidis angustis perdiscretis ; elytris dense
punctatis, signaturis irregularibus albido-ochraceis ubique ornatis ; femoribus basi flava,
tibiis tarsisque rufo-obscuris, tarsis posterioribus, dense albido-hirsutis. Long. 12 millim.
(Plate VI. fig. 6.)

A very distinct species, remarkable on account of the very definite white stripes on
the jet-black thorax, and by the peculiar irregular but very definite pallid marks on the
elytra, which along the suture are more confluent than elsewhere so as to form a pair of
much broken irregular lines ; the white tarsi, in contrast with the dark tibiae, are also
remarkable. The antenna are thin and long. The hind and middle legs are very long,
but not very thick. The under surface is black, and very definitely marked with
patches of pale sulphureous scales ; the posterior aspect of the hind coxa^ has a very
definite white patch on it. The femora are sparingly clothed with very short white
hairs. The sexes apparently differ very little.

Hab. Kauai, 2000 ft. Feb. 1897: nine examples, Perkins. This feeds on the
same tr^^—Bobea sp. .^ as P, vitticollis var. longulus, and Calltthmysus hirtipes. The
tree is called '* ahakea " by the natives.

(3) Plagitkmysus neiuelli Sharp.

Plagithntysus newelli Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxxii. 1896, p. 240.

(Plate VI. fig. 7.)

Hab. Maui ; Brother Matthias Newell, a single example.

1 06 FA UNA HA WAIIENSIS

(4) Plagithmystts concolor Sharp.

PlagithmysMS concolor Sharp, t. c. p. 241.

(Plate VI. fig, 8; ?.)

Hab. Kauai; on '' Q\{\2LA\'d.^' = Eugenia, sp. Perkins; Kaholuamano 4,000 ft
G. C. Munro. This species varies but little. The series of 27 specimens sent by
Mr Munro differ but little in colour and markings, and range in length between
8^—18 milHm.

(5) Plagithmysus solitmdtis Sharp.

Plagithmysus solitarius Sharp, t. c. p. 241.

Hab. Oahu, Nuanu Valley, 2000 ft., October 1892; Perkins. Unique.

(6) Plagithmysus cuneatus Sharp.

Plagithmysus cuneatus Sharp, t. c. p. 241.

(Plate VL fig. 9; ?.)

Hab. Oahu, Kaala 1000 ft., March 1893; Perkins. Mr Perkins is unfortunately
not acquainted with the name of the tree on which this species was found.

(7) Plagithmysus finschi Har.

Clytarlus finschi Harold, Mitt. Munchen. ent. Ver. iv. 1880, p. 166; Karsch,

Berlin, ent. Zeitschr. xxv. 1881, p. 8, PI. I. fig. 13.
Plagithmysus finschi Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. 1896, p. 242.

Hab. Maui, Olinda, Dr Finsch ; 4000 ft, Blackburn ; Haleakala 4000 ft., May ;
Perkins. On Acacia koa (Perkins). According to Blackburn on '' A. falcata,'' but this
gentleman appears to have erroneously called A, koa, A. falcata,

(8) Plagithmysus funebris Sharp.

Plagithmysus funebris Sharp, 1. c. p. 273.

(Plate VL fig. 10; t,)

Hab. Maui, Haleakala in May, and Sept. — Oct. Perkins. On Sophora
chrysophylla.

COLEOPTERA

107

(9) Plagithmysus pulverulentus Motsch.

S tenopt erics ptilveruleiittis Motsch., Bull. Mosc. 1895, i- p- 85, PI. I. f. 12.
Plagitkinysiis pitlvertilenhis Motsch., Bull. Mosc. 1845, n. p. 41, PI. VI. f. 7;

Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxxii. 1896, p. 242.
Clytarhu robttsHis Sharp, Tr. ent. Soc. 1878, p. 206.

Hab. Oahu, both ranges ; on Acacia falcata, Blackburn (erroneously) ; Perkins,
on A, koa.

(to) Plagithmysus diana, sp. nov.

Nigerrimus, dense regulariter griseo-ornatus : thorace subgloboso, griseo, nigro
trivittato: elytris griseis, areis denudatis nigris, ad suturam lineis latis discretis ante
medium leniter divergentibus pallide pubescentibus, ante lineas has plaga angulariter
nigro-pubescente. Long, i 3 millim.

(Plate VI. fig. II.)

An extremely distinct, beautifully, though soberly, ornamented species, with the
sides of the thorax more strongly rounded than they are in any other species of the
genus. There is a slight longitudinal carination of the middle of the thorax. The legs
are entirely black even at the base, the posterior are elongate, but less incrassate than
in most other species. The sexes appear to be very similar.

Hab. Kauai, 4000ft., July, 1896. Eight examples; on Pelea sp.

(11) Plagithmystis collaris, sp. nov.

Niger, elytris, antennis pedibusque rufo-obscuris, his femoribus extrorsum tibiisque
plus minus nigricantibus ; pube pallide sulphurea ornatus ; elytris densissime punctatis,
singulo linea pubescente pallida anterius versus latus divergente, ante lineas plaga
nigro-velutina, basi rugosa, parcissime sulphureo-pubescente. Long. 8|— 16 millim.
Mas, prothorace ad latera densissime punctato. Fem., prothorace ad latera plus minus
late laevigato.

(Plate VI. fig. i^', ^.)

This is a very distinct species, somewhat similar to P, bishopi and P, viczmis.
There are no definite thoracic stripes, but the thorax is broadly cristate and scabrous
along the middle, and there are distinct lateral elevations ; it is a good deal constricted
at the base. The elytra are dark red, and remarkable on account of their dense
punctuation.

Hab. Maui; Haleakala. The larva of this species was found in October, 1896,
feeding in the wood of Pelea sp. ; by carrying this wood to Honolulu Mr Perkins
obtained a series of 20 specimens in the following December,

F. H. II. 15

io8 FAUNA MAWAIIENSIS

(12) Plagithmysus bishopi Sharp.

Plagithmystis bishopi Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxxii. 1896, p. 242.

(Plate VI. fig. 12.)

Hab. Hawaii; Kilauea, 4000 ft., August 1895, and 1896. On Pelea sp.
(Perkins).

Plagithmystis bishopi van gracilis, Sharp, /. c. The unique individual of this variety
was found on another tree resembling "piia " but with lighter, smoother bark.

(13) Plagiiknyj^tts vicimis Sharp.

Plagithmystis vicimts Sharp, /. c. p- 243.

Hab. Hawaii; Mauna Loa, 3000 ft., October 1892; Perkins.
Undoubtedly a distinct species. On Peha sp., but not the same species as that to
which P, bishopi is attached.

(14) Plagitlmynis hilineattts Sharp.

Plagithmysus bilineattis Sharp, /. /* p. 243,

(Plate VI. fig. 14; ?.)

Hab. Hawaii ; Kilauea, also in the Kona and Puna districts. On the '* Ohia
lehua" tree, Metrosideros polymorpha, Perkins.

Besides being found in more than cue locality this species was obtained in plenty.
The variation in size (from 9 — 20 milliin. long) is considerable, but in respect of colour
it is less than in some other species. Some specimens are considerably blacker than
others ; but the blackness shew^s itself chiefly on the elytra. The hind legs are
sometimes much more broadly tinted with black towards the tips than they are in
others, and this is in nearly all cases correlative with a greater extension of the black
colour on the wing-cases. The head ^tA thorax remain red in the whole of the series
before me.

(15) Plagithijtfsus lanaiensis Sharp.

Plagithmysus lanaiensis Sharp, I c, p. 244.

Hab. Lanai ; Halepaakai, 3000 ft., July 1894, Perkins. Probably (but only
inferentially) attached to Metrosideros ^olymorpha, this being the predominant tree
in the locality of capture.

COLEOPTERA 109

(16) Plagttkmystis perkinsi Sharp.

Plagithmystis perkinsi Sharp, t. c. p. 244.
(Plate VI. fig. 15; ¥.)

Hab, Hawaii; Mauna Loa, in two localities, June and July. On Myoporum,
or bastard sandal tree.

{17) Plagithinysus varians Sharp.

Plagithmystis varians Sharp, /. c, p. 245 (excl. van y).

Hab. Hawaii; Mauna Loa, Kilauea ; Perkins. On Acacia koa.

This has been found in greater plenty than any other species and I have been
able to examine about 200 individuals. The variation in the colour of the legs is of
considerable interest. The extreme base of the femora being always yellow, the other
parts vary. It may be said that the normal colour of the rest of the femur is black,
but there are many specimens in which the apical third is bright red : all the inter-
mediates between this state and the black form occur. The black and the red colours
are not sharply delimited in these cases. There are two or three specimens in
which the black colour is nearly entirely absent. And there is another, apparently very
rare, variety, of an opposite character, in which the black colour is absent from the
middle but present at the tips. There are only two or three examples of this variety
known; and they resemble in this character/^. lama^-ckiatms^Ycithtv than P. darwini-
anus. Though the black colour may be absent from either the tip or the middle it
is never completely absent from both, there being no individual with quite red legs,
though the black pigmentation is in a few cases but slight. In consequence of this
deficiency these individuals bear a resemblance to P. darwi^iiamis (in which species
the legs are red). But these specimens do not approach P, darwhtiamis in other
respects.

The former var. y of P. varians is now^ /^, laniarckiantis,

(18) Plagithmystis dai'zviniamis Sharp.

Plagithmystis darwiniantts Sharp, t. c. p. 271.

(Plate VI. fig. 16; ^.)

Hab. Hawaii; Kilauea, in August. On the *'Mamane" tree Sophora chryso-
phylla, Perkins. In this species the legs never become black, but in some individuals —
especially when the size is large — the red is somewhat darker, showing a very imperfect
condition of blackness, analogous with that exhibited on the apical part of the femur

15—2

no FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

in some of the intermediate varieties connecting the forms of P. varians. In P.
darwinianus the colour is however uniformly distributed.

It should be noticed that the red-leggedness of P, dm^iviitianus is not due to mere
deficiency of black pigmentation as compared with P, vainans ; for the black pigmenta-
tion of the wing-cases is much more extensive and decided than it is in even the
darkest varieties of P. varimts.

(19) Plagitkmystis lamarckianiis, sp. no v.

Rufo-flavus, antennis pedibusque rufis, femoribus basi flava, apice plus minus
late nigricante ; thorace vel nigro vel rufo, sat conspicue albido-vittato ; elytris
flavescentibus, dense punctatis, dorso late longeque nigro, singulo ad suturam linea
albido-pubescente anterius versus latus divergente. Long. 9 — 15 millim.

Plagithmysus varians, van y, Sharp, t, c, p. 245.

Van a, femoribus rufis.

This species is somewhat doubtfully distinct from P, darwiniaittis. The pubescence
of the under surface and of the legs is less elongate, the antennae are slightly thinner
and usually darker in colour towards the tip, and the legs are usually more or less
broadly black. As minor distinctions we may mention that the elytra are usually
broader at the base, and are there never distinctly marked with white hairs ; their
black portions and the white lines on them are usually a little more extensive ; the
thoracic crest is a little more elevated on its posterior part.

Hab. Hawaii; Kilauea, August 1896, on the ''mamake" or paper-mulberry.
Although this lives in the same locality as P, darwiniantis it frequents different trees,
being attached to the Urticaceous trees, Piphirtts albidus, and Urera sandwice^isis,
I have seen 33 specimens ; the varieties with entirely red femora are very similar to
P, darwinianuSy and it is possible that it may prove that the two forms are not distinct
species when more specimens are obtained. There were several specimens of P,
lamarckiamis in the series I originally referred to P. darwinianus, and I am indebted
to Mr Perkins for directing my attention to the fact that there are probably two
distinct forms.

(20) Plagiikmystis albert is i Sharp.

Plagitlmiysiis albertisi Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxxiii. 1897, p. 12.

(Plate VI. fig. 17; t)

Hab. Oahu ; West Honolulu, Feb. 25th, 1874; Signer d'Albertis. There is
reason to fear that this species may now be extinct.

COLEOPTERA iii

(21) Plagithmysits pitlvillattis Karsch.

Clytarhu ptdvillatus Karsch, Berlin, ent Zeit. xxv. j88i, p. 9, PL I. f. 14.

Hab. Maui; *' Grove Ranche/' Karsch; Haleakala, 5000 ft., Perkins. We have
received only three individuals, and the species was described by Karsch on one female.
It is one of the least attractive species, being remarkable for its uniform colour and
freedom from definite ornamentation as well as for the very dense sculpture of the
elytra. The species is probably verging on extinction owing to the destruction in this
locality of the forest tree it inhabited. Insects are no longer to be found at Grove
Ranche ; but Mr Perkins procured his examples about 2000 ft. direcdy above its
situation, on Metrosideros polymorpha.

(22) Plagithnysus blackbt4.rni Sharp.

Clytarbts blackburni Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) in. 1885, p. 195, PI. V. f 47.

Plagithmysus blackburni Shd^x^y Ent. Mo. Mag. 1896, p. 271.

Hab. Hawaii; found by Mr Blackburn [on '' Acacia falcata'~\ on Mauna Loa
in May ; by Mr Perkins at Kona in the autumn, on Sophora chiysophylla. The only
variation that occurs in the colour of the legs is the one that I have mentioned as being
so rare in P. varians.

(23) Plagithmysus stilphtirescens Sharp.

Plagithmysus sulphurescens Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxxii. 1896, p. 271.

(Plate VI. fig. 17; t)

Hab. Hawaii ; Kilauea, July 1895. The name of the tree to which this species
is attached is unfortunately not known.

Since P. lamarckianus has been distinguished from P. varians, it should be
mentioned that P, sulphui^escens is allied to the former more than to the second of
these species.

(24) Plagithmysus speculifer Sharp.

Plagithmysus speculifer Sharp, t. c. p. 272.

Hab. Maui ; head of the Jao Valley, June 1894. Unique. Food-tree unknown.

(25) Plagithmysus aestivus Sharp.

Plagithmysus aestivus Sharp, /. c. p. 272.

Hab. Molokai; in June and August, Perkins. On Metrosideros polymorpha.

112 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(26) Plagithmysus aequalis Sharp.

Plagithmysus aeqtialis Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. 1896, p. 273.

Hab. Kauai ; Mr Perkins procured a very large series of this species at Makaweli,
January and February 1897, ^^ Acacia koa. And I have also seen a few specimens
from Waimea and Koholuamano.

This species is dimorphic as regards the colour of the legs, which are either red or
black without intermediate states. The individuals with red legs are very numerous.
Specimens with red thorax are very rare. The chief variations in these respects are as
follows.

Van /3, pedibus capiteque rufis.

Var. y, pedibus, capite thoraceque rufis.

I have not before me any specimens in which the legs are black without the head
being so, but it is probable that such specimens occur, and, if so, would form var. a.

Four individuals found in April 1895 f^^^i a variety with shorter thorax, having
more rounded sides, with more white pubescence on the upper surface, and the posterior
femora a little differently shaped. One of the two originally described females is a very
peculiar individual and may perhaps belong to another species.

(27) Plagith7nysus mitnroi, sp. no v.

Rufo nigroque variegatus ; elytris rufis, singulo posterius plaga nitida nigricante,
fere aequaliter ubique albido-guttulatis ; thorace albido vittato, femoribus basi flava,
Yariat thorace femoribusque rufis, vel nigris. Long. 11 — 12 millim.

(Plate VI. fig. 19; $.)

Closely allied to P, aeqtialis, but with the elytra nearly evenly spotted all over with
white flecks of pubescence, there being however a small area in front of the middle
densely and finely punctured. There is no definite spot of white on the mesothoracic
episterna. The hind legs are very long, the femora moderately thick, and there is
extremely little difference between the sexes.

Hab. Kauai. We are indebted to G. C. Munro, Esq., for the discovery of this
species : he obtained six specimens of it in July 1897, 2000 ft. above Waimea.

(28) Plagithmystis aracknipes Sharp.

Plagithmystis aracknipes Sharp, t, c. p. 274.

(Plate VI. fig. 20; ?.)

Hab, Kauai. May 1895. Perkins. On Acacia koa.

COLEOPTERA 113

Both sexes of this species may be readily distinguished from P, aeqttalis by the
longer, slender basal part of the femora: as this part is pallid yellow in colour, the
discrimination of the two species is easy, though apparently the two are closely allied.

(29) Plagithmystcs cristatus Sharp.

Clytarhts cristatus Sharp, Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 207.

Plagithmysus cristattis Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. 1896, p. 274.

(Plate VI. fig. 21 ; t)

Hab. Oahu ; Honolulu, Blackburn ; on Acacia koa, Perkins.

In this species the hind femora are peculiar in shape, being much like what they
are in Callithmysus. The legs are much more slender in the female than they are in
the male. The specimen supposed to be Clytus atteitjiatus Boisd. in the collection of
the British Museum is, as Mr Gahan surmised, a female of this species. Boisduval's
name has however no sufficient claim to validity, as will be seen from his description,
repeated here on p. 115.

Callithmysus Sharp.
Callithmysus Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxxn. 1896, p. 238.

(i) Callithmysus microgaster Sharp.

Clytarlus microgaster Sharp, Tr. ent. Soc. 1879, P- 103; Tr. Dublin Soc. (2),

in. 1885, PI. V. fig. 46.
Hab. Oahu ; near Honolulu, 2000 ft., in June, very rare ; Blackburn.

Callithmysus microgaster var. ? hirtipes, var. nov. Tibiis posterioribus minus
elongatis, usque basin densissime pubescentibus.

Hab. Oahu : one individual on the ridge leading from the head of Pauoa Valley
to the peak called Konahuanui, Oct. 31st, 1892. On Bobea sp.

Subfam. LAMHNL

Group ACANTHOCINIDES,

Lagocheirus Thorns.

(i) Lagocheirus obsoletus Thoms.

Lagocheirus obsoletus Thoms, Class. Longic. i860, p. 10.

Lagochei^ms araneiformis var., Sharp, Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 210,

Hab. Oahu. Apparently confined, so far as this archipelago is concerned, to the

114 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

island of Oahii. This form is now considered to be a distinct species, though it is
extremely close to the S. American insect with which it was previously identified — as a
small form — by the late Mr Bates and myself. Gahan considers that Z. longipennis
Bates is a mere synonym of Z. obsoletus. The form is widely distributed, having been
found in Loo Choo islands, Tahiti, the W. Indies, and Mexico.

Group NIPHONIDES.

Prosoplus Blanch.

(i) Pros op his bankii Fabr.

Lamia bankii Fabr., Syst. Ent. p. 176.

Micracantha insularis Pascoe, Tr. ent. Soc. London (2), v, 1859, p. 40.

Micracantha nutans Sharp, Tr. ent. Soc. 1878, p. 209.

Hab. On the introduced Acacia, Prosopis sp. Probably on all the islands.
Mr Perkins, knowing it not to be native, procured but few examples. The species is
very widely diffused, having been found in Madagascar, Port Essington, Tondano,
Amboyna. L. bankii was described as found at the Cape of Good Hope. The
identification is due to an examination of the Banksian type in the collection of the
British Museum made by Mr Gahan. The genera Prosoplus and Micracantha are
considered by him to be one and the same.

Group APOMECYNIDES.

Apomecyna Serv.

(i) Apomecyna pertigera Thoms.

Mecynapus pertigera Thoms. Physis, i. 6, p. 160.

Hab. Oahu. In a garden, Honolulu, November 1896, Perkins. Kauai, July
1897, Munro. The species comes from E. India and China.

Group PTERICOPTIDES,

Oopsis Fairm.

(i) Oopsis nutator F'abr.

Lamia 7tutator Fabr., Mant. i. p. 142.

Stasilea cu7'vicornis Karsch, Berlin, ent. Zeitschr. xxv. p. 8, Plate I. fig. 12.

Hab. Probably on all the islands. Abundant at low elevations. Widely
distributed in Polynesia, and found in Australia.

COLEOPTERA 115

§ 3. Bibliographic List (arranged chronologically).

1. BoiSDUVAL, — . Faune entomologique de FOceanie. Paris (no date, but 1835 ^^ preface), 705 pp.

[P. 485. ^^ Clytus attemiatns^ Dejean. Fuscus; thorace cristato, albido lineato ; elytris apice
valde attenuatis, albido subvariegatis ; subtus ferrugineus. Nouvelle Hollande. Collec-
tion de M. Dejean. Get insecte n'est point un vrai Clytus^ il devra probablement former
un nouveau genre." The specimen in Dejean's collection shows this to be Plagithmysus
cristatus 5 • D. S.]

2. MoTSCHOULSKY, V. DE. Remarques sur la collection de Coleopteres russes de Victor de

Motschoiilsky. Bull, See. Moscou, xviii. 1845, Pt. i. pp. 3—127, Plates L— III.

P. 85, description of Stenopterus pulverulentus^ PI. I. fig. 2. Said to be from California.

3. . Observations sur le Musee entomologique de TUniversite imperiale de Moscou. Op, cit.

1845, Pt. a. pp. 332—388, Plates L, VII.

Plagithmysus^ n. g., p. 369, for the Stenopterus pulverulentus^ p. 370, PL VIL figg. 7—7, iv.
Again said to be from California.

4. . :Etudes entomologiques, 1852, p. 76.

Erroneous synonymy of Plagithmysus.

5. Sharp, D. On some Longicorn Coleoptera from the Hawaiian Islands. Tr, ent. Soc. London,

1878, pp. 201 — 210.

Nine species, 6 new (but 3 not really new). Three genera supposed new (i not really so).

6. . On some Coleoptera from the Hawaiian Islands. Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1879, pp. 77 — 105.

Two n. spp. of Clytarlus. Indicates, without naming, three genera.

7. Harold, E. von. Einige neue Coleopteren. Mitth. Miinchen. ent. Ver. iv. 1880, pp. 148 — 171.

Clytarlus finschi, n. sp., p. 166,

8. Karsch, F. Zur Kaferfauna der Sandwich-, Marshall- und Gilberts-Inseln. Berlin, ent, Zeitschr.

XXV. 1881, pp. I — 14, PI. I.

Aegosoma reflexuni, Stasilea curvicornis = Oopsis nutator, Clytarlus pulvillatus, n. spp., with
figg. ; C finschi^ figure.

9. Sharp, D. On some new Coleoptera from the Hawaiian Islands. Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1881,

PP- 5^7—534-

Clytarlus pennatus, fragilis, n. spp.

10. Blackburn, T. and Sharp, D. Memoirs on the Coleoptera of the Hawaiian Islands. Tr. Dublin
Soc. 2nd ser. in. 1885, pp. 119—290, Plates IV. and V.
General work. Clytarlus blackburni and filipes, spp. n.
F. H. II. ^^

ii6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

11. Sharp, D. Note on the genus Plagithmysus Motsch. C.R. Soc. ent. Belgique, 1885, pp.

Ixxiv—lxxvi.

Synonymy and habitat of Plagithmysus.

12. . On Plagithmysus'. a Hawaiian genus of Longicorn Coleoptera. Ent. Mag. xxxii. 1896^

PP' 237—245, 271—274,

Twenty-two spp., 18 new. Rearrangement of genera. Callithmysus^ n. g.

13. . Supplement. Oj). cit. xxxiii. 1897, p. 12.

P, albertisi^ n. sp.

14. Perkins, R. C. L. A collecting trip on Haleakala, Maui, Sandwich Islands. Ent. Mag. xxxii.

1896, pp. 190—195,

Stridulation and habits of Plagithmysus (as Clytarlus),

15. . Notes on some Hawaiian Insects. P. Cambridge Phil. Soc. ix. 1897, pp. 373 — 380,

Habits and variation of Plagithmysides.

117

II. COLEOPTERA RHYNCHOPHORA, PROTERHINIDAE,
HETEROMERA AND CIOIDAE.

By R. 0. L. Perkins.

COLEOPTERA RHYNCHOPHORA.

Fam. CURCULIONIDAE.

§ 1. General Remarks on the Curculionidae \

The Curculionidae are represented by 137 species, and of these no less than 132
are at present only known from the islands. It is probable however that of the others
some will be found to be not truly indigenous, so that we will first briefly review the
various tribes with respect to these doubtfully indigenous forms. Of the Otiorhynchini
the species oi Rhyncogonus are all peculiar to the islands, and the only one to which any
suspicion can attach is R. vestituSy which in many respects is very different to, and indeed
less remarkable than the others. It is the only species which frequents the low lands,
and is found upon plants which are known elsewhere, whereas the others are all attached
to the forest trees or plants which are themselves peculiar to the islands. Still on the
whole we are disposed to consider it indigenous. The solitary species of Pantomorus
on the other hand is certainly an introduced species, as we have found it in gardens in
Honolulu, and on Maui it has increased to such an extent as at times to be injurious.
The Cyladini are represented only by one species of Cylas known to occur elsewhere,
and which is attached to a common coast species of Ipomoea, No doubt this beetle is a
natural immigrant.

The Cryptorhynchini have 20 species of Acalles, certainly all indigenous, and two
other species representing each a different genus. Both appear to be allied to Acalles,
the one indeed closely allied, and there is no reason to doubt that both are indigenous.

The Calandrini have three species of Calandra, two being widely distributed
outside the islands. The third is a remarkable species and is attached to cactus and
banana, and although not known elsewhere it may well have been imported, and cannot
safely be considered indigenous, nor even a natural immigrant. Besides these a single
species of Sphenophorus, the well-known cane-borer of the sugar-planters, is known
elsewhere, and is either an importation by man or a natural immigrant.

' For remarks on the Proterhinidae and other groups see subsequent pages.

16—2

ii8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

The Cossonini are the most extensive and important representatives of the Curcu-
lionidae. The 46 species of Oodemas and the 10 of Heteramphits may be at once
dismissed as being all indigenous, and the same may be said of the three allied species
of AnotheoruSy and the same number of Nesotoctcs, The 17 species of Dryophthorus
are a varied assemblage and might be distributed in two or three genera, but there is
no reason to suppose that any of them will be found elsewhere. The unique example
which represents the genus Orothreptes and the hardly less rare species for which we
have made the genus Deinocossomis are almost certainly indigenous, for they are moun-
tain forms, attached to indigenous trees. The latter indeed appears to have already
formed to some extent distinct races on several of the islands. The species for which
the genus Dysomma is formed must also be considered indigenous, the unique example
having been found by sifting dead leaves on the boggy summit of the Kauai mountains.
Other two genera now described, each for a single species — Thallatodora and Ha-
loxenus — are both found on the coast in logs of driftwood. It is probable that both
will be found elsewhere, being natural immigrants. The two species of Pseudolus must
both be excluded from the indigenous weevils ; one is found freely in banana and cactus
in company with Calandra remota, the other has been found in and near Honolulu only,
and on one of these occasions in boards of foreign wood, which formed the floor of a
room. The Phloeophagosoma is abundant in decaying wood oi Aleurites at low eleva-
tions, in company with Pentarthrum obscurum, and both these species I have little
doubt occur outside the islands. It may be noted that the Aleurites or candle-nut-tree
produces but very few indigenous insects, and such as frequent it are mostly poly-
phagous species, and although the tree now forms in many localities a large part of the
lower forest, I suspect that it has been comparatively but a short time in the islands,
and was very probably brought there by the natives when they settled in the country.
Another species of Pentartkrum found on the lowlands near Honolulu must also be
considered as foreign. The third species of this genus is very different in appearance
and structure to the others, and is truly indigenous, being confined to the mountain
forests, where it is attached solely to the tree-ferns, which are so conspicuous a feature
of these forests. Thus the species which in my opinion are foreign amount to 13, and
are distributed in no less than nine genera, and it may be remarked that those
Cossonini, which we consider as foreign, although they have not yet been obtained
elsewhere, are all small and obscure insects such as have been little collected in most
countries.

The indigenous Curculionidae on the other hand with their 123 species are distri-
buted in 13 genera, which represent three tribes only — Otiorhynchini, Cryptorhynchini,
and Cossonini. The genus Rkyncogonus, which was established by Sharp for the
members of the first tribe, is not peculiar to the islands, and has since been found in
New Zealand and other of the Pacific islands {vide Ent. Mo. Mag. 1899, p. 56).

The Cryptorhynchini have two genera peculiar, each with only one species

COLEOPTERA 119

known, but the great majority of the species belong to the widely distributed genus
Acalles,

Of the Cossonini, Oodemas, Heteramphus, Anotheortts, Nesotocus, Dysom7na,
Deinocossonus, and Orothreptes are all genera peculiar to the islands, and it is probable
that some members of the genus Dryophthorus will at some time be separated as
distinct, while the rest will remain in that or be placed in very closely allied genera.
The indigenous Pentarthrum is a remarkable insect, very different to the two foreign
exponents of the genus, but said to be allied to New Zealand forms (Sharp, Tr. ent.
Soc. Lond. 1878, p. 25). Thus nine of the 13 genera of indigenous Curculionidae are
peculiar to the islands, while Rhyncogonus with its numerous species probably originated
in the Pacific region and will be found to be widely distributed therein. With regard
to Acalles Sharp has remarked (Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 269) that it *'is one of the
most frequent components of insular faunae, being very richly represented in New
Zealand, Polynesia, and the Atlantic islands."

Distribution of genera and species in the islands. Of the six genera which
contain each but a single species, the two Cryptorhynchids, Hyperomorpha and Chae-
nosternum, have both been found on Oahu alone, and the Cossonideous genera Dysomma
and Orothreptes are peculiar, the first-named to Kauai, the latter to Hawaii, whereas
Deinocossonus is probably to be found on all, since it has been taken on Kauai and
Hawaii at either end of the group as well as on the intermediate island of Oahu, and
the indigenous Pentarthrum is likewise ubiquitous. It must however be remembered
that all the above-named insects, excluding the Pentarthrum, are excessively rare and
difficult to procure, so that more extended observations might show that those apparently
peculiar to one island also occur on some of the others. Nesotocus has been found
alive on Kauai, Maui and Hawaii, and fragments also on Molokai, so that it is no
doubt of general distribution, but Anotheorus is wanting on Hawaii, its range being
from Kauai to Maui. The distribution of Hete7^amphus is similar to that of
Anotheorus, except that whereas we failed to collect the latter on Molokai, so Meter-
amphus was not found on Lanai, but both are found on the neighbouring island of
Maui. The extensive genera Oodemas and Dryophthorus are ubiquitous over the
group, as also is Acalles, but Rhyncogonus apparently becomes scarcer on the windward
islands, and is altogether absent from Hawaii.

The species of the genus Rhyncogonus, excepting only R, sordidus, which was
found alive on Lanai and in fragmentary condition on Molokai, are confined each one
to a single island, and of the 19 species Kauai has no less than nine, Oahu four,
Molokai three, Lanai and Maui two each, whilst Hawaii, as has been remarked, has
none.

Of the 20 species of Acalles the three islands, Kauai, Oahu and Hawaii have each
four species, and Maui and Lanai three each, while one species is found throughout the

I20 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

group, and another has occurred on three of the intermediate islands. These figures
are however subject to correction, for the Hawaiian species oi Acalles are excessively
difficult to collect, and some of them exhibit considerable variability, so that it is neither
certain that all the species described are certainly distinct, nor that the forms from
different islands assigned to a single species are really identical. The species of
Dryophthorus appear to be less restricted in their distribution ; Kauai has six, Oahu
two, and Hawaii one peculiar species, but the remaining eight are found on two or
more of the islands ; three indeed are found throughout the group.

The extensive genus Oodemas has no less than 46 species, and is most richly
represented on Kauai, which has 18 species peculiar to it. Oahu and Maui each have
just half as many peculiar, whilst Hawaii, Lanai and Molokai have respectively three,
two and one. The remaining four species occur on two or more of the islands, but
neither of them is found on Kauai.

Heteramphus would appear to have its head-quarters on Oahu, where are five of
the ten known species, and these five are all peculiar to it ; Maui has three species
peculiar, and Molokai and Kauai each have one ; that on the latter island would have to
be separated generically were it not connected by the Oahuan H , hirtellus with the
more usual forms. Three of the Oahuan species are usually found in company on
Astelia veratroides, but would appear to be of extremely restricted range within that
island, since they are not to be found in many places where the plant is extremely
abundant, nor have we found any species attached to the Astelia on the other islands,
the Molokai form having been obtained from wet moss, and the others from wet
decaying logs. No species of this genus has been found on the large island of Hawaii.

Anotheorus has one species quite peculiar to Kauai, Oahu likewise has one, but it
is very closely allied to the Maui form» and as both vary, I have some doubt as to their
being distinct. A single example from Lanai agrees best with the Maui species.

The extraordinary genus Nesotocus has one species peculiar to Kauai and one to
the Western range of mountains on Maui, the third has been taken both on Haleakala,
the Eastern division of this island, and also on Hawaii.

The remaining indigenous species have been sufficiently referred to above under
the genera to which they belong.

The percentage of the indigenous species of Curculionidae peculiar to the several
islands is given in the table.

Species peculiar to.

Total

I number of species
found upon.

Percentage of species
peculiar to.

Kauai

41

48

8s

Oahu

27

39

69

Molokai

4

16

25

Maui

18

31

58

Lanai

6

19

31

Hawaii

9

20

45

COLEOPTERA

12 1

These figures fully show the remarkable character of the Kauai fauna in this family
of Coleoptera. Not only is it considerably the richest in species, but the percentage of
peculiar species is much higher than is the case with any other island. Moreover the
species themselves are in many cases highly remarkable, as compared with those of the
same genus on the other islands. Thus in Oodemas, O. longirostre, O. costatum,
O. striatum, O. pulchrum, are species of the most highly evoluted form, each in its own
particular direction. So also the Kauai species of Rhyncogonus form a remarkable
series. These facts suggest the probability that the ancestors of the now existing fauna
of Curculionidae may, at least to a large extent, have first gained a footing on this
island, possibly at a time when some of the more recent islands were not adapted for the
mode of life of these creatures, or possibly even before these islands existed at all. This
suggestion is strengthened by a consideration of the condition of the weevils on the
other islands ; thus Oahu comes second both in number of species and in the per-
centage of those peculiar to it, and it is noteworthy that a number of the most
remarkable forms are found in what yet remains of the once fine forest of the Waianae
range, itself one of the oldest portions of the whole group of islands. Very different is
the case with Hawaii, which from its large size, lofty mountains, and very varied climate,
as well as its position at the end of the series of islands, might be expected to have a
large number of remarkable forms. This however is not the case, for it is not only
altogether wanting in Rhyncogonus, Heteramphus and Anotheorus, but it possesses but
three or four species of Oodemas, and these of the most commonplace forms. In the
group we are now considering the condition of the fauna of the big island contrasts
curiously with its Aculeate Hymenoptera, which are both richly represented and
remarkable ; indeed it is not necessary to go beyond the order of Coleoptera to see a
similar contrast, for the indigenous Cerambycidae are well represented there and some
of the forms are amongst the most remarkable of those found in the group.

Variation. We have already when dealing with the Aculeate Hymenoptera,
Neuroptera and Orthoptera remarked on the variability of so many of the island species.
Not less remarkable is this in the case of the Curculionidae. Mr Blackburn in describing
the species of Oodemas notes that their variability in certain points is embarrassing to
the describer, and with a large collection this becomes so much so, that in many cases
it is almost impossible to write a description which will apply in all respects to every
individual specimen. This variability too is not confined to superficial and trivial
characters, but affects those which are considered of decided importance for the separa-
tion of species. Even structures which are almost always constant vary in some species,
as for example parts of the prosternum in some species of Oodemas, We may observe
that there is no doubt as to the examples which exhibit this variability belonging to the
same species, and we are excluding from consideration such a species as O. multiforme
of Hawaii, which may possibly include several allied and variable species ; but is more

122 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

probably one which is now in the process of becoming divided into several, the division
not yet being complete. Some of the species of Rhyncogonus too are variable, as also
are those belonging to the genera Dryophthorus and Heteramphus, and there is no
doubt that many of the species of Acalles will prove to be equally so, when they have
been collected in numbers sufficient for an investigation on this point.

The Curculionidae of the islands are as a whole remarkably isolated. The Rhynco-
goni of the Otiorhynchini and the solitary indigenous species of Pentartkrum and
Orothreptes all probably originated in the Pacific islands, for the latter appears to be
most allied to the New Zealand SericotroguSy although this alliance is by no means
close. The very important Cossonideous genera Oodemas, Anotkeorus, Heteramphus
and Nesotocus, on the other hand, are of quite uncertain origin, no near ally to any of
these forms having been found elsewhere. Indeed great as are the differences between
the first three of these genera .it would appear that they are at least as closely connected
inter se as they are with anything outside the islands. Thus some of the species of
Oodemas, entirely different as they are in facies, do make some approach to HeteramphuSy
while Anotheorus and Oodemas appear to be more nearly allied.

Wollaston remarks that metallic colouring is of rare occurrence in the Cossonini,
so that it is worthy of note that no less than 49 species, in fact all the members of the
genus Oodemas and AaotkeoruSy are so coloured. The extreme similarity in colour and
clothing between the very diverse genera Orothreptes and DeinocossonuSy is quite extra-
ordinary, both being clothed with a golden pubescence, in which they greatly resemble
the New Zealand SericotroguSy although Deinocossonus does not even belong to the
same section of the Cossonini as the other two.

§ 2. Systematic account of the Curculionidae.

Tribe OTIORHYNCHINI,

Rhyncogonus Sharp.

(i) Rhyncogonus nittduSy sp. nov.

Niger, nitidus, supra fere glaber. Caput cum pronoto laeve, et distincte punctatum.
Elytra nitida, seriatim punctata. Abdominis segmentum ventrale apicale (/-is latum,
opacum, pubescens, densissime punctatum, apice truncato, $-ae nitidum, parcius pubes-
cens, apice angusto, subacuto. Long. 12 — 17 mm. (Plate VII. fig. i.)

Black, smooth, and shining, often with a small spot of pale pubescence on each
side of the thorax at the base, the ? generally larger and more robust than the $,

COLEOPTERA 123

Head and thorax distinctly and rather finely punctured, the punctures of unequal size ;
second joint of the antennae rather longer than the third. Elytra shining, each with
about 1 2 rows of punctures dorsally, more strongly attenuate towards the apex in the %
than in the J, and in the former sex with the edges flattened for some distance from the
shoulders. Abdomen beneath coarsely punctured at the base, and widely depressed in
the ^, finely punctured and but little depressed in the ?. Apical ventral segment of the
Z dull, finely and densely punctured, pubescent but not very densely so, the apex very
broad and subtruncate. In the % this segment is shining, clothed with inconspicuous,
and very short pubescence, subtriangular and narrowly rounded at the apex,
Hab. Kauai Mountains (3000 ft.).

(2) Rhyncogonns funereus, sp. nov.

Niger, subnitidus, supra haud pubescens. Caput strigosum et punctatum. Pro-
thorax dense rugoso-punctatus. Elytra grosse punctata. Antennarum articulus secundus
tertio multo brevior. ^. Long. 12*5 mm.

Black, with the surface shining, and coarse sculpture. Head strongly strigose, and
punctured. Second joint of the antennae much shorter than the third. Thorax strongly
and densely rugosely punctured, its sides hardly rounded, subparallel. Elytra shining,
subdepressed, without pubescence, coarsely punctured, the interstices narrow, irregular.
Posterior femora with a transverse spot of pale pubescence outwardly about the middle ;
tibiae, tarsi and apex of the rostrum with fine pubescence.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains. A single t^ found dead and somewhat muti-
lated, beneath bark.

(3) Rhyncogonns squamiger, sp. nov.

Niger, nitidus, antennis. tibiis, tarsisque rufescentibus. Caput cum prothorace
tenuiter pubescens. Elytra squamulis pallidis, plus minusve seriatim dispositis, vestita.
Antennarum articulus secundus tertio multo longior. ?. Long. 14 mm. (Plate \ H.
fig. 2.)

Black and shining, the antennae and all the tibiae and tarsi of an obscure reddish
colour. Head with a thin clothing of short pale hairs which become scale-like, and form
a pale mark around the inner and posterior margins of the eyes, rugosely punctured.
Antennae with the first joint of the funiculus very long, considerably longer than the
second, the club unusually long and slender, its terminal evidently longer than its basal
joint. Thorax with sparse pubescence above, but forming a rather denser line along
each side, as wide as long, its sides rather strongly rounded, the surface shining and

F. H. II. ^^

124 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

closely punctured. Elytra with regular rows of very closely-set punctures, the interstices
narrow, and very smooth and shining ; along the striae there are rows of minute pale
scales for the most part placed singly, but in places, especially at the shoulders, and
towards the apex of the elytra, forming more or less dense patches.

Hab, Kauai Mountains near Lihue (3000 ft.) ; i ? taken.

(4) Rhyncogontts stygius, sp. nov,

Niger, capite strigoso et punctato. Antennarum articulus secundus et tertius
subaequilongi. Elytra opaca, pube inconspicua et brevissima vestita, seriatim punctata,
interstitiis tuberculis minutissimis, rare dispositis, munitis. Long. 12*5 — 15 mm.
(Plate VII. % 3.)

Black, the antennae, tibiae, and tarsi sometimes with a reddish tinge. The head is
strigose and punctured, the antennae have the second and third joints nearly equal in
length, the apical joint of the club is evidently shorter than its basal one. The thorax
is densely punctured, and has a small pale pubescent spot on each side at the base.
The elytra are quite dull, each with about a dozen regular rows of punctures dorsally,
and clothed with an excessively short pubescence, usually hardly visible without close
examination, but in some examples sufficient to give the surface a slightly greyish
appearance. The interstices are furnished with minute scattered tubercles, which are
slightly less dull than the general surface. The intermediate and posterior femora have
a distinct patch of pale pubescence outwardly.

Hab. Kauai,. Halemanu (4000 ft.).

(5) Rhyncogonus minor, sp. nov.

Niger, parum nitidus, capite pubescentia pallida parcius vestito. Antennarum
articulus secundus tertio vix longior. Prothorax utrinque linea pubescentiae pallidae
continua ornatus. Elytra, humeris et parte apicali exceptis, baud pubescentia. %.
Long. io'5 mm.

In general sculpture this species bears a strong resemblance to the preceding^ but it
is a much smaller insect and it is comparatively less elongate. The pubescence of the
elytra is confined to some scanty patches at the extreme base, and a very sparse clothing
on the apical portion. Their surface is evidently less dull, and except towards the
sides and apex there are no evident minute tubercles on the interstices. Their form
is different, for they are much more suddenly narrowed to the apex, the narrowing
beginning only about one-third of their length from the apex. The front of the head
is evidently more pubescent, and there is a wide and distinct stripe of pubescence on

COLEOPTERA 125

each side of the thorax from base to apex. In the % (the only sex obtained), the dorsal
edges of the elytra are very evidently flattened for a considerable distance from the
base. The puncturation of the whole insect, allowing for the difference in size, does
not materially differ from that of R, stygius,

Hab. Kauai Mountains (4000 ft.); i % taken.

(6) Rhyncogonus molokaiensis, sp. nov.

Niger, subnitidus, an tennis pedibusque saepe rufescentibus. Caput circa basim
dense subtilius punctatum. Antennarum articulus tertius secundo vix brevior. Pro-
thorax dense (nee grosse) punctatus, macula utrinque ad basim pubescente ornatus.
Elytra subnitida, fere glabra. Long. 9-5 — 12 mm.

Black, and somewhat shining, the legs and antennae more or less of an obscure
red colour. The head is closely and finely punctured at the base, the second joint of
the antennae subequal to, or rather longer than, the third. Thorax densely, but not
coarsely, punctured ; the punctures, however, are much larger and stronger than those
at the base of the head. There is a very distinct smooth median dorsal line extending
from base to apex, and a small spot of pale pubescence on each side at the base. The
elytra are not very dull, and are almost without pubescence, and the surface is slightly
roughened by delicate corrugations proceeding from the punctures. In both sexes the
two apical segments of the abdomen beneath are clothed with pubescence, which is
very dense on the apical one. The other segments have only very sparse and minute
hairs. In the ^ the apical segment is broad and truncate, in the % narrow and some-
what pointed at the apex, as is usual throughout the genus.

Hab. Molokai, mountains (3000 ft.) ; rare.

(7) Rhyncogonus dubius, sp. nov.

Niger, vix nitidus, elytris vix evidenter pubescentibus, ^ praecedenti cognatissimus,
capite circa basim baud dense punctato, elytris magis corrugatis, distinguendus. ^,
Long, fere lo mm.

I have seen only a single t of this species, which is closely allied to that of
R, molokaiensisy but apparently distinct. The front of the head (including the rostrum)
is by no means densely punctured, and at the base the punctures are larger and much
more sparing. The smooth dorsal line on the thorax is much more definite, and the
surface of the elytra less smooth, owing to the stronger corrugations.

Hab. Molokai, Kalae (1700 ft.); i Z taken.

17 — 2

126 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(8) Rhyncogonus freycinetiae, sp. nov.

Niger, subnitidus, elytris vix pubescentibus, capite circa basim minus dense
punctato. Prothorax latus, trans medium evidenter latior quam longior, lateribus linea
pubescentiae continua ornatis. Elytra subnitida, interstitiis laevioribus. Abdominis
segmentum tertium ventrale ? aeque ac quartum pubescens. ?. Long. 1 1 mm.
(Plate VII. fig. 4.)

Female black, and somewhat shining, in general appearance very like that of R,
molokaiensis. From that species it may easily be distinguished by the less close
puncturation of the base of the head ; the much wider and more depressed thorax, with
continuous lateral lines of pubescence. The ventral surface of the hind body is also
more pubescent, the third segment hardly less clothed than the fourth.

Hab. Oahu, Halemano (2000 ft.); i % taken at the bases of the leaves of
Freycinetia,

(9) Rhyncogonus blackburni Sharp.

Rhyncogonus blackburni Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. (Sen 11.) p. 177.

Hab. Oahu, mountains near Honolulu (Blackburn) ; i ^ in the same locality
(2000 ft).

(10) Rhyncogonus koebelei, sp. nov.

Niger, baud nitidus, an tennis pedibusque rufescentibus. Caput sublaeve, sparsim
punctatum. Prothorax subtilissime pubescens, densissime rugoso-punctatus, lateribus
fortiter rotundatis. Elytra peropaca, parcissime pubescentia, apicibus liberis. t* Long.
II mm. (Plate VII. fig. 5.)

Dull blackish, the antennae and all the legs dull reddish. Head smooth and
shining, sparsely punctured, the eyes very little prominent. Second joint of the
antennae rather longer than the third, the basal joint of the club longer than the apical.
Thorax very finely pubescent, densely rugosely punctured, its sides strongly rounded.
Elytra dull, with very little pubescence, the puncturation somewhat irregular, their
apices free, subdivergent. All the femora clothed with very short pubescence, that on
the tibiae longer. Apical ventral segment of the hind-body widely truncate at the
apex, densely clothed with pale pubescence. The species is very remarkable for the
condition of the eyes, which are much less prominent than in any other.

Hab. Oahu, mountains near Honolulu (2000 ft.) ; i ^ taken by Mr A. Koebele,
whilst collecting with me.

COLEOPTERA ta;

( 1 1 ) Rhyncogonus kauaiensis, sp. nov.

Niger, vel plus minusve rufescens, capite et corpore toto subtiliter griseo- vel rufo-
pubescente. Caput strigosum et punctatum. Prothorax dense punctatus, utrinque vitta
pubescente ornatus. Elytra vix opaca, subtiliter pubescentia. Long. 10—13 ^^^•

Colour varying from black to reddish brown. The male generally much depressed,
the ? more convex, but neither sex is constant in this respect. Head more or less
strigose and punctured, clothed all over with fine pale hairs, which form a denser line
around the inner margins of the eyes. Thorax densely punctured, clothed with fine
pubescence like that of the head, and on each side with a line of dense pale pubescence.
Elytra usually more or less shining, but much duller in some examples than others,
clothed with fine grey or reddish pubescence, the series of punctures for the most part
distinct, but towards the sides becoming more or less confused, and the surface more or
less rough, often tuberculate. The pseudepipleural region of the elytra always with
conspicuous patches or spots of dense pubescence.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft.) ; 15 examples taken. Apparently a very variable species.

(12) Rhy7icogonus sordidus, sp. nov.

Niger, vel subrufescens, opacus, subtiliter pubescens, capite punctato. Prothorax
dense nee grosse punctatus. Elytra opaca, pubescentia, seriatim punctata, lateribus
maculis pubescentibus haud ornatis. ^%. Long. 10 — 12 mm.

The colour of this species varies from black to obscure red. The front of the head
and rostrum is almost without pubescence, the puncturation of the latter is usually not
very close and it shows little or no trace of longitudinal strigosity, its surface is more or
less flattened or depressed. The thorax is densely, but not coarsely, punctured, more
or less impressed near the base, clothed with very short and fine pubescence, and with
a line of denser and rather longer hairs on each side, but even in fresh examples these
lines are obscure. The elytra have a very fine pubescence, which is more conspicuous
in the ?, and of a reddish colour. Their surface is dull, but not rough, and the
punctures towards the sides remain quite distinct, although the series may be more or
less confused. On their deflexed portion there is no trace of spots or lines of dense
pubescence, such as are found in the preceding species. In the t the apical ventral
segment only of the hind-body is densely hairy, the others but sparsely so, the two
basal more or less strongly impressed.

Hab. Lanai, mountains (3000 ft.). A short and rather variable series taken.
The relative length of the second and third joints of the antennae appears to vary, as
also the puncturation of the insect. Fragments of a Rhyncogonus found on Molokai
are probably referable to this species. In one spot these were very abundant, but the
species had no doubt been extinct (so far as that particular locality is concerned) for
years, the vegetation consisting only of small stunted bushes.

128 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(13) Rhyncogomts lanaiensis, sp. nov.

Forma, facieque praecedentis ; t oculis fortiter prominentibus, abdominis segmentis
ventralibus tribus apicalibus dense pubescentibus distinguendus. ^. Long. 11*5 mm.
($ ? 14 mm.)

Extremely like the preceding, but distinct by the strongly prominent eyes. The Z
also differs in having the three apical ventral segments of the hind-body densely
pubescent, and the head somewhat strigose, as well as punctured. The first joint of
the funiculus of the antennae is considerably longer than the second.

A single $ probably belongs to this species. It differs from the preceding in its
larger size, more prominent eyes, and the rather more pubescent ventral segments of
the hind-body.

Hab. Lanai (2000 — 3000 ft); i ^ and i $.

(14) Rhyncogonus lahainae, sp. nov.

Nigricans, pubescentia pallida vestitus, pedibus antennisque rufescentibus ; t
thorace densissime punctato, interstitiis nitidis. Elytra pubescentia, sensim ad apices
attenuata. ^. Long. 10*5 mm.

Blackish, the antennae, tibiae, tarsi, and more or less of the femora, red. The
surface of the rostrum (^) is somewhat smooth, punctured, but not strigose, and with a
scanty short pubescence. The antennae have the first joint of the funiculus evidently
longer than the second. The sides of the pro thorax are rounded, its surface smooth
and shining between the dense punctures, and clothed with short fine pubescence, which
at the sides becomes longer and coarser, and forms a somewhat indefinite lateral band
on each side. The elytra are dull, and on each there are five or six lines of pale
pubescence, which are not very distinct, and due to the fact that the interstices are
alternately more densely or more sparsely clothed. The puncturation is distinct
throughout, but the second and third series originate at some distance from the base of
the elytra.

Hab. Maui, mountains behind Lahaina (3000 ft) ; i $ taken.

(15) Rhyncogonus depressuSy sp. nov.

Niger, densius pallido-pubescens ; t fortiter depressus. Rostrum pubescentia
tectum, strigoso-punctatum. Pronotum cum elytris pubescens, nitidum ; elytra seriatim
punctata, tuberculisque minutis asperula. Long, 10*5 — 13*5 mm. (Plate VIL fig. 6.)

COLEOPTERA

129

Black, the whole insect clothed with somewhat dense pale pubescence, which is
rather in the form of very fine elongate scales, and to a large extent conceals the
surface, which is shining. The head in front is strigose and punctured ; the prothorax
densely punctured, the sides not at all strongly rounded, the surface shining, and with a
smooth narrow dorsal line, the sides more densely pubescent than the general surface.
The elytra in the t are much depressed, with closely-set series of punctures, the surface
where not hidden by the pubescence, shining, and roughened with small tubercles. All
the legs clothed with pubescence, that on the front tibiae, as well as that of the scape of
the antennae, longer and more conspicuous than that of most of the species. The single
? which probably belongs to this species is much less depressed, and has a shorter club
to the antennae, its middle joint being not longer than wide, and the joints themselves
less distinct.

Hab. Kauai, Halemanu (4000 ft.) ; 3 ^ and i $.

(16) RhyncogouMs vittatus, sp. nov.

Niger, antennis pedibusque saepe plus minusve rufescentibus. Caput cum pronoto
squamulis pallidis vestitum. Elytra tuberculis nitidis asperula, fasciis longitudinalibus
pallidis ornata. ^ ?. Long. 10— 11 mm. (Plate VI. fig. 7.)

Black, the antennae and legs often more or less red or piceous. The t is very
strongly flattened or depressed, the % sometimes of more convex form. The head
is strigose and punctured, but the surface is for the most part concealed by the covering
of scales and hairs. The sides of the prothorax are but little rounded, and slightly
convergent in front, the surface densely punctured and concealed by the pale squamous
pubescence. The elytra have each about six distinct longitudinal bands, formed of
minute pale scales, the spaces between these bands being sparsely clothed with similar
scales. The surface is roughened by shining tubercles, and the puncturation much
obscured. All the legs and the antennae are clothed with pale hairs. In both sexes
the entire ventral surface of the hind-body is conspicuously pubescent, but the basal
segments are less densely clothed than the apical.

Hab. Kauai, mountains (3000 ft.) ; not common.

(17) Rhyncogonus tuberadatus, sp. nov.

Minor, baud nitidus, totus pubescens, nigro-piceus, antennis pedibusque rufescenti-
bus. Caput strigosum. Elytra tota fusco-pubescentia, seriatim punctata, tuberculis
rare dispositis munita, apicibus haud liberis. $ $. Long. 8*5—9 mm.

A small species, entirely clothed with fuscous pubescence, the $ strongly depressed.
Head strigose ; antennae with the first joint of the funiculus subequal to the second ; in

I30 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

the t these joints are unusually short, and either of them is only about the length of the
basal joint of the club. The sculpture of the prothorax is largely concealed by the
pubescence, its surface is roughened by minute tubercles, and the puncturation is
indistinct. The elytra are seriately punctured, and entirely covered with pubescence,
which shows no tendency to form lines, and are united to the extreme apex. There are
very distinct tubercles sparsely scattered over the surface, many of w^hich terminate in a
single short bristle. The apical ventral segment of the hind-body in the ^ is of a
reddish colour, densely pubescent, and truncate at the apex. The rest of the ventral
surface is conspicuously, but less densely, pubescent.

Hab. Kauai, Halemanu (4000 ft.) ; 1^1? taken.

(18) Rhyncogonus sylvicolay sp. nov.

Minor, niger, vix nitidus, pubescens, prothorace subelongato, rugoso-punctato.
Elytra ad basim prothorace latiora, tuberculis rare dispositis munita, apicibus breviter
liberis. $. Long. 9 — 9*5 mm.

Allied to the preceding, but blacker in colour, and the surface less dull. The
prothorax is evidently longer, and its puncturation, which is dense and rugose, is
distinct. The elytra have scattered tubercles much as in that species, but they are
evidently wider at the base, so that the humeral angles stand out somewhat from
the hind angles of the prothorax, and their extreme apices are free.

Hab. Kauai, Halemanu (4000 ft.) ; 2 ? taken.

(19) Rhyncogonus vestitus Sharp.

Rhyncogonus vestitus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 177.

(Plate Vn. fig. 8.)

Hab. Maui. Very abundant on the sandhills between the mountains of East and
West Maui, but not found elsewhere.

Pantomorus Schonherr.

(i) Pantomorus olindae^ sp. nov.

Nigricans, squamis pallidis vestitus. Capitis pars praeantennalis longitudinaliter
impressum, post hanc linea impressa mediali sat distincta. Antennarum articulus
secundus tertio multo brevior. Oculi fortiter convexi. Pronotum pallidis squamis
celatum, lateribus parum rotundatis. Elytra substriata, striis confertim punctatis,

COLEOPTERA

^3^

squaniis pallidis necnon postice setulis pallidis brevissimis vestita, lateribus fusco-
squamosis. Abdominis segmenta ventralia subtilissime rugulosa, vix evidenter punctata.
Long, (cum rostro) 8 — 8*5 mm.

This species is found in Honolulu, and is sometimes very abundant at Makawao
and Olinda, Maui, and is found as high up as 5000 ft. on Haleakala. It differs from
Pantomorus proper in having the antennal scrobes less deep and less definitely marked
posteriorly.

Hab. Oahu and Maui ; no doubt an imported species.

Tribe CYLADINI.

Cylas Latr.

(1) Cylas turcipennis Boh.

Cylas turcipennis Boh. Sch. Gen. Cure. i. p. 369.
Hab. Oahu and Maui ; coast.

Tribe CRYPTORHYNCHINL

Acalles Schonherr.
(i) Acalles lateralis Sharp.

Acalles lateralis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 178,

(Plate VH. fig. 9, $')

Hab. Oahu etc. The typical specimens are from Oahu ; I have taken others
which must be referred to this species, on Kauai, Molokai, Maui, and Hawaii. Very
scarce. The insects of this genus are with one or two exceptions extremely difficult to
procure, being generally taken singly, and in very different conditions as regards the
covering of scales ; this, added to the fact that they are certainly variable in colour,
size etc., makes a comparison of allied forms very difficult. It is quite possible that
there are several species very closely allied to A, late7-alis, the number and condition
of the examples taken making it impossible to decide on this point. The single pair
taken on Kauai are very large (5 mm. excl. rostr.), the male has !fhe prothorax wider
and more strongly constricted in front, and the prominences caused by the unevenly
raised interstices of the elytra are more strongly developed. The ? has the rostrum
black, the thorax wider, and the prominences on the elytra stronger than those of
typical A. lateralis,

F. H. II. *^

i%2 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(2) A calks kumeralisy sp. nov.

Minor, baud latus, squamis pallidis (griseis vel subferrugineis) vestitus, antennis
rostroque plus minusve rufescentibus, Pronotum totum squamis pallidis vestitum,
medium sulcatum, antice constrictum, ^J-is sat latum, trans medium vix minus latum
quam longum, $-ae fortiter elongatum, lateribus minus fortiter rotundatis. Elytra
squamis pallidis vestita, ad humeros utrinque macula nigra distincta ornata, striis
distinctis, obscurius punctatis, interstitiis omnibus convexis, secundo (praecipue $) forti-
ter inaequaliter elevato.

$% Long, (rostr. excl.) 3 — 3 '5 mm.

Allied to A, lateralis but quite distinct.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4500 ft.) ; one pair taken together.

(3) Acalles callickroma^ sp. no v.

Haud latus, niger, rostro, antennis, tarsis, tibiarumque anticarum parte apicali,
rufis. Rostri basis squamis albescentibus, caput ferrugineis ornatum, Pronotum
elongatum, antice constrictum, medium sulcatum, squamis ferrugineis nigrisque varie-
gatum. Elytra ad basim plaga magna nigra ornata, post banc fascia transversa pallida,
ad latera dilatata, tum fascia transversa nigricante, parte apicali pallide squamosa,
maculis nigris ornata ; interstitiis primo et tertio haud convexis, secundo fortiter
interrupte elevato, partibus elevatis squamis nigris erectis densissime vestitis, quarto,
quinto et sexto elevatis, striis haud evidenter punctatis.

$ Long, rostr. excL 3*5 mm. (Plate VII. fig. 10.)

Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea, July 1895 J ^^^ example taken.

(4) Acalles melanolepis, sp. no v.

Haud brevis, niger, antennis, rostro, tarsisque rufescentibus. Caput cum pronoto
nigro-squamosum, hoc vitta laterali albida utrinque ornato. Pronotum angustum,
elongatum, antice minus fortiter constrictum, obscurius longitudinaliter sulcatum, sulco
medio plagam laeviorem elongatam rubricolorem ferente. Elytra nigro-squamosa, post
media macula albida, trans suturam posita, ornata, interstitio a*" et 4° sat evidenter nee
fortiter elevatis, squamis erectis vestitis, 1° et 3"^ parum convexis, striis obscure punctatis.
Femora omnia nigro-squamosa, squamisque suberectis albidis conspersa, maculis vel
cingulis pallidis carentia. Long, (rostr. excl.) circa 3 mm. (Plate VII. fig. 11.)

COLEOPTERA 133

In this species the elytra except for the well-marked transverse white spot, beyond
the middle, are nearly entirely clothed with black scales, but there is an indication
of an obscure paler area on each side extending from behind the shoulders towards the
suture. The sides as seen from above are simply rounded from the shoulders, and
not at all irregular. The second and fourth interstice are evidently more strongly
raised than the first and third, the first being hardly, and the third but little convex.
The second is slightly unevenly raised, and is densely clothed with erect black scales
at the base and again just before the region of the transverse white spot, which
accentuate the appearance of inequality. The most conspicuous feature of the species
is the smooth red lanceolate space lying between the inner ridges of the prothorax, and
the entirely black appressed scales of the femora.

Hab. Hawaii. A single example taken at Kilauea.

(5) Acalles frater, sp. nov.

Praecedenti simillimus, nigro-squamosus, rostro rufo, antennis, tarsisque testaceis.
Pronotum squamis ferrugineis supra maculatum, sulco medio plagam rubram haud
ferente. Elytra plaga ferrugineo-squamosa fasciam latam formante ornata, apice
squamis ferrugineis variegato. Femora media distincte pallide cingulata. Long,
(rostr. excl.) circa 3 mm.

Very closely allied to A. melanolepis, but the thorax is without the red smooth
lanceolate area between the inner ridges, and is ornamented above with ferruginous
spots, and the elytra have a large lateral band of similarly coloured scales, extending
from behind the shoulders, and forming a wide transverse fascia which is less distinct
towards the suture ; their apex is also variegated with paler scales. All the femora
have a pale band of appressed scales at the base and another about the middle.

A single example from Molokai is very similar to the above but the pale scales
of the thorax and elytra are greyish, the transverse fascia of the latter less defined,
the antennae, rostrum and tarsi much less clearly coloured, and the thorax evidently
shorter. The difference in the latter respect is probably sexual, but I suspect that the
two forms are distinct, though very closely allied.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.); one example. Var. on Molokai (4000 ft.);
one example.

(6) Acalles koae, sp. nov.

Haud brevis, rostro piceo, antennis tarsisque rufescentibus. Rostri basis cum
capite antico pallide squamosa. Pronotum angustum, elongatum, antice constrictum,
postice angustatum, longitudinaliter sulcatum, sulco medio obsolete carinato, squamis

1 8— 2

134 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

fulvescentibus depressis, erectisque nigris vestitum. Elytra in parte basali squamis
albescentibus vestita, nigro variegata, post banc fascia transversa nigra, maculaque alba
trans suturam posita, apice fulvo-squamoso ; interstitiis 2^ et 4° minus fortiter elevatis,
I'' et 3*" baud convexis, striis (squamis baud remotis) impunctatis. Femora nigro-
squamosa, media pallide notata. Long, (rostr. excl.) 3 mm.

This prettily marked species appears to be quite distinct. The prothorax is
clothed with appressed scales of a fulvous colour, and black erect ones along the two
inner ridges. The basal half of the elytra is covered with pale squamosity of a whitish
and pale brown colour, variegated with black markings, which are most extensive about
the shoulders, and are partly formed by the basal elevation of the second and fourth
interstices, which are there covered with dense erect black scales. A little behind the
middle of the elytra there is a complete transverse black fascia, which posteriorly
encloses a pure white trans-sutural spot. The first and third interstices are flat, not
perceptibly convex, the second and fourth are elevated but by no means strongly so,
and apparently unevenly, though this appearance is partly at least due to the erect setae
which are placed on them at the base and about the middle of the elytra, and give them
an appearance of being more elevated than is really the case. The sides of the elytra
are simply and regularly rounded from the shoulders, the striae show no visible
puncturation without the removal of the scales.

Hab. Hawaii. A single example beaten from Acacia koa at an elevation of
about 5000 ft. in Kona.

(7) Acalles innotabilis, sp. nov.

Minus brevis, piceo-niger, rostro, antennis, tarsisque rufescentibus. Caput plus
minusve pallide squamosum. Pronotum angustum, elongatum, obscurius longitudinaliter
sulcatum, antice minus fortiter constrictum, squamis pallidis fuscescentibus vestitum.
Elytra ex majore parte cum pronoto concoloria, squamisque nonnullis erectis nigris,
maculaque albida postice trans suturam posita, ornata, humeris rotundatis, striis omnibus
grosse punctatis, interstitio 2° subinaequaliter elevato, 1° et 3° subconvexis, 4'', 5°, 6^
sat distincte subaequaliter elevatis. Tibiarum apices pallide squamosi. Long, (rostr.
excl) 3*2 mm.

Hab. Kauai. A single example taken in the lower forest (about 2500 ft.).

(8) Acalles leptothorax, sp. nov.

Niger, rostro, antennis, tarsisque rufis, baud latus, sat elongatus, squamis pallidis
nigrisque intermixtis variegatus. Rostrum post antennas squamis pallidis vestitum.
Pronotum elongatum, lateribus leviter, fere aequaliter, rotundatis, antice baud subito

COLEOPTERA 135

angustatum vel constrictum, antlce setis nonnullis erectis nigris, et ubique squamis
nigris albidisque variegatim vestitum, supra vix evidenter sulcatum vel inaequale.
Elytra squamis albidis nigrisque variegatim vestita, interstitiis convexis, 2^ parum
fortiter inaequali, striis parum distincte punctatis, lateribus sat aequaliter rotundatis.
Femora nigra plus minus distincte albido-cingulata, tibiis nigro-squamosis, apices versus
(circa | — \ longitud.) squamis pallidis vestitis, ibique rufescentibus. Long, circa 3 mm.
(Plate VII. fig. 12.)

Remarkable for the very narrow long prothorax, which is quite evenly rounded at
the sides. The extreme apex of the elytra is covered with pale scales, in front of which
is a wide band of black squamosity enclosing a quadrate pale trans-sutural spot, which
itself is dark in the centre. In front of this the elytra are variegated with black and
pale scales intermixed.

Hab. Kauai. A single example was taken at Halemanu (4000 ft.).

(9) Acalles decoratus Blackburn.

Acalles decoratus Blackb., Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, P- 180.
Hab. ** Lanai, 2000 ft." '' A single specimen " (Blackburn).

(10) Acalles mauiensis Blackburn.

Acalles mauiensis Blk., t. c. pp. 179, i8i, 254.

Hab. Maui. '' A single specimen beaten from Aleurites triloba, at an elevation
of about 4000 ft. on Haleakala." (Blackburn.)

The specimen referred to on p. 181, /. c, is said, p. 254, t. c, to be probably
a distinct species.

(11) Acalles angtisticollis Sharp.

Acalles angusticollis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 179.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (Blackburn), where I have myself taken a single example.
Minute examples taken on Oahu (van minor, Shp.) by Mr Blackburn are probably
distinct, and almost agree with abraded specimens taken by myself on Lanai.

(12) Acalles duplex Sharp.

Acalles duplex Sharp, /. c, p. 178.

(Plate VII. fig. 13, ^; fig. 14, $.)

Hab. Oahu. Widely distributed on the island. Varies greatly in size, the
females apparently not being always of diminutive size as compared with the males.

1^6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(13) Acalles ignotus Blackburn.

Acalles ignotus Blackb. t. c, p. 180.

Hab. Oahu. A single example (Blackburn).

(14) Acalles lanaiensis, sp. nov.

Valde convexus, pallide squamosus, rostro piceo, antennis tarsisque rufescentibus.
Caput cum pronoto squamis pallidis vestitum. Pronotum sat latum, antice fortius con-
strictum, medium postice distincte sulcatum. Elytra pallide squamosa, plaga humerali
utrinque saepe nigra, angulis humeralibus sat distinctis, fere rectis, interstitio 2° plus
minusve inaequaliter elevato, tertio quartoque elevatis, illo angulos humerales formante,
striis obscure punctatis. Long, (rostr. excl.) vix 3 mm.

Apparently allied to Acalles duplex, Shp., but much smaller and the sculpture of
the elytra much less strongly pronounced.

Hab. Lanai Mountains ; several examples taken.

{15) Acalles chlorolepis, sp. nov.

Brevior, robustus, griseo-squamosus, rostro, antennis, tarsis, tibiarumque apicibus
plus minusve rufescentibus. Caput griseo-squamosum ; antennarum articulo tertio brevi.
Pronotum haud latum, squamis griseis depressis, paucisque erectis nigricantibus vestitum,
longitudinaliter 5-sulcatum, lateribus minus fortiter rotundatis. Elytra griseo-squamosa,
apicem versus utrinque plaga nigricante, interstitiis 2"" et 4° sat fortiter inaequaliter
elevatis, 1° et 3° vix vel haud convexis, striis internis obscure punctatis, angulis humera-
libus sat distinctis. Femora nigro-squamosa, squamis erectis griseis conspersa. Long,
(rostr. excl) vix 3 mm.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft.) ; two or three examples taken.

(16) Acalles nigripennis, sp. nov.

Sat latus, antennis tarsisque rufescentibus, rostro rufopiceo. Caput pallide squamo-
sum. Pronotum basi latum, antice fortiter constrictum, squamis pallidis vestitum,
postice fortius sulcatum. Elytra tota nigro-squamosa, lateribus haud aequaliter rotun-
datis, interstitiis 2" et 4° subfortiter nee aequaliter elevatis, striis obscure punctatis.
Femora omnia ubique pallide squamosa. Long, (rostr. excl.) 3 mm. (Plate VH.
%• 1 5-)

COLEOPTERA 137

The elytra have the second interstice rather strongly raised, rather more strongly
at the base and at about their middle than between these points ; the third is hardly
convex ; the fourth strongly and unevenly raised, forming the humeral angles ; the fifth
and sixth are also more or less unevenly raised, the latter in dorsal aspect forming the
lateral outline of the elytra behind the shoulders, which owing to the form of this
interstice has an angulate appearance, instead of being regularly rounded from the
base.

Hab. Lanai, a single example taken in the mountains.

(17) A calks tuberculatus, sp. nov.

Piceus, rufopiceus, vel rufescens, minus brevis, rostro, antennis tarsisque rufescen-
tibus, squamis pallidis nigrisque vestitus, squamis erectis elongatis et gracilibus.
Pronotum haud latum, plus minusve evidenter longitudinaliter 5-sulcatum, sulco medio
tuberculo elongato laevi munito, antice fortius constrictum, squamis ex majore parte
nigris vestitum. Elytra squamis nigris pallidisque variegata, striis obscure punctatis,
interstitiis 2^ et 4° aequaliter, 6° inaequaliter elevato, humeris prominulis. Long.

275—3 ^n^-

This species is very distinct by the smooth tubercle situated about the centre of
the prothorax, and the form of the erect scales, which are longer and more slender than
those of other species. The elytra have their humeral angles somewhat acute and
prominent, the 2nd and 4th interstices moderately strongly, and evenly raised, the 6th
is somewhat strongly raised a short distance behind the shoulders, and forming the
outline of the elytra in dorsal aspect, gives it at that point an appearance of being
angulated. One example has the elytra nearly entirely clothed with pale scales. Most
of them are for the most part or entirely denuded.

Hab. Hawaii; Kona (4000 ft.). About 10 examples found under small logs.

(18) Acalles pallidicollis, sp. nov.

Minus brevis, niger, rostro piceo, tarsis antennisque rufescentibus. Caput rostrique
basis squamis pallidis vestita. Pronotum totum pallide squamosum, elongatum, antice
constrictum, obscurius sulcatum. Elytra squamis pallidis nigrisque variegata, basi
apiceque ex majore parte nigris, media parte pallide squamosa, obscure nigro fasciata,
striis internis obscure grosse punctatis, interstitiis 2° et 4° fortius, primo et tertio his
levius elevatis. Femora omnia pallide vestita, nigro-cingulata, squamis erectis pallidis.
Long, (rostr. excl.) 3*25 mm.

Hab. Kauai, above 2000 ft. One example taken.

138 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(19) Acalles ntonticola^ sp. nov.

Minus brevis, pallide squamosus, rostro piceo, antennis basi rufescentibus. Caput
cum ba3i rostri squamis depressis erectisque pallidis vestitum. Pronotum elongatum,
antice constrictum, obscurius 5-sulcatum, squamis pallidis depressis, nonnullisque nigris
erectis vestitum. Elytrorum pars basalis squamis pallidis vestita, nigro-punctata, post
media plaga transversali nigricante, quae maculam albidam, trans suturam positam,
continet, apice pallido; interstitiis 2"" — 6"" fortius aequaliter convexis, striis obscure grosse
punctatis. Femora omnia pallide squamosa, media parte late nigrocincta. Tibiae ad
basim nigro-squamosae. Long, (rostr. excl.) 3*5 mm.

In this species all the interstices of the elytra are raised, except the first, which is
only slightly convex. There is very little difference between the convexity of the other
interstices, that of the 3rd being slightly less than the 2nd and 4th.

Hab. Oahu. A single example taken in the Waianae mountains.

(20) Acalles oahuensisy sp. nov.

Minus brevis, pallide squamosus, rostro antennisque rufis. Caput squamis pallidis
depressis, nigrisque erectis, vestitum. Pronotum elongatum, antice subfortiter constric-
tum, 5-sulcatum, lateribus rotundatis, squamis pallidis nigrisque variegatum, aliisque
erectis nigris vestitum. Elytra squamis pallidis vestita, plaga magna basali nigra,
fasciisque post media duabus irregularibus transversis ornata, leviter striata, striis parum
distincte punctatis, interstitiis 2'', 4°, et 6"* aequaliter elevatis, i^ 3"^ et 5° baud convexis.
Femora cum tibiis ex majore parte squamis nigris vestita. Long, (rostr. excl.) 3 mm.

A very distinct species, each of the elytra with three very well-marked longitudinal
costae, which continue the three ridges on either side of the thorax. The alternate
interstices are not at all raised or convex.

Hab. Oahu. A single example taken in the Waianae mountains (2000 ft.).

Chaenosternum Blackburn.

(i) Chaenosternum konanum Blackburn.

Chaenosternum konanum Blackb., Tn Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 181.
Hab. Oahu. One example taken near Honolulu (Blackburn).

COLEOPTERA

139

Hyperomorpha Blackburn,
(i) Hyperomorpha squa7nosa Blackburn.
Hyperomorpha squamosa Blackb., /. c, p. 182.

Hab. Oahu. A single example taken in wet moss in the Pausa valley (Black-
burn). I have not met with this, or the preceding genus.

Tribe CALANDRINL

Sphenophorus Schonherr.

(i) Sphenophorus obscurus Boisd.

Calandra obscura Boisd. Voy. Astr. 11. p. 448; Fairm. Rev. Zool. 1849, p. 474.
The various islands.

Hab. a destructive species in the fields of sugar-cane, well-known as the * cane-
borer/ Also on banana in the mountains and sometimes found under rocks. The
species has probably a wide distribution outside the Archipelago, though very litde has
been written about it.

Calandra Clairville.
(i) Calandra remota Sharp,
Calandra remota Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, P- 183.
Hab. Oahu (Blackburn). Maui; in banana stems; common.

(2) Calandra oryzae^ L.
Calandra oryzae Linn., Amaen. Ace. vi. p. 395.
Hab. All the islands ; in food.

(3) Calandra linearis van striata Thunb.
Calandra linearis van striata Thunb. Nov. Act. Ups. vii. p. 112.
Hab. Oahu ; in decaying tamarinds (Blackburn).

Tribe COSSONINL

Dryophthorus Schonherr.

(r) Dryophthorus squalidus Sharp.

Dryophthorus squalidus Sharp, Tn Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 22.
Hab. Common throughout the islands in the mountains.

This abundant species is extremely variable in size, the smallest examples are less
than four, the largest more than six, mm. in length. All the interstices of the elytra

F. H. II. 19

I40 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

are covered with a cinereous bloom. The apical portion of the rostrum in the ? (from
the insertion of the antennae to the apex) is impunctate, or at the most has a few
excessively feeble and fine punctures.

(2) Dryophthortis distinguendus, sp. nov.
Niger, piceus, vel rufescens, baud robustus, grosse punctatus. Rostri J-is pars
anterior opaca, rugoso-punctata, ?-ae nitida, subtilius sat distincte fere ad apicem
punctata. Oculi sat magni. Pronotum densissime punctatum, antice fortiter constrictum.
Elytra satis profunde sulcata, sulcis confertim grosse punctatis, interstitiis baud cinereo-
sericeis, subtilissime punctulatis, et brevissime pallide setulosis. Long, (rostr. incl.)
4—5-5 mm.

This species greatly resembles D. squalidus Shp., and is often found in company
with that species, but is certainly distinct. The interstices of the elytra are never
covered with the whitish bloom as in that species, and the minute punctures which they
bear give rise to short pale-coloured setae. The % is readily distinct from that of
D, squalidus by the fact that the rostrum has an evident, though not coarse, punctura-
tion on its anterior shining portion. Like most of the Hawaiian species this varies
considerably, but it is by no means improbable that I have included more than one
species under the above name. The raised apical margin of the elytra is continuous
with the sixth interstice as in Z?. squalidus,

Hab. Found on all or nearly all the islands of the group.

(3) Dryophthorus peles, sp. nov.

Niger, robustus, grosse punctatus. Rostri % pars praeantennalis nitida, subtiliter
sat evidenter punctata. Pronotum latum, grosse punctatum, antice fortiter constrictum.
Elytra fortiter seriatim punctata, interstitiis distinctissime punctulatis, brevissime pallide
setulosis, baud cinereo-sericeis, margine apicali elevato cum interstitio sexto continuo.
Long, (rostr. incl.) 6 — 6*5 mm.

This species somewhat resembles D, distinguendus, but it is altogether larger and
more robust. The interstitial puncturation of the elytra is larger, and more distinct and
definite than in most of the species. The punctures in each row are closely set, and the
spaces dividing one from another are more than usually convex, grooved on each side
where they meet the interstices. This convexity gives them a strongly marked knob-
like appearance in certain aspects. The whitish bloom seen in D. squalidus is entirely
absent, but the interstitial punctures bear excessively minute pale setae. The interstices
themselves are all of nearly similar height, and the sixth is confluent with the elevated
apical side-margin.

Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea (June 1895). Half-a-dozen examples, no doubt obtained
in a batch, as they stand under the same number. The species appears to me to be
most closely allied to D, nesiotes.

COLEOPTERA 141

(4) Dryophthorus nesiotes, sp. nov.

Niger, robustus, statura magna. Rostri pars praeantennalis $ nitida, baud, vel vix
evidenter, punctata. Pronotum latissimum, antice fortissime constrictum, fortiter dense
punctatum. Elytra seriatim fortiter punctata, interstitiis cinereo-sericeis, tuberculis
minutis, sat distinctis, munitis. Long, (rostr. incl.) 6 — 775 mm. (Plate VII. fig. 16.)

This species also belongs to the group in which the elevated apical margin is
continuous with the sixth interstice of the elytra. The interstices themselves (except in
very much rubbed examples), have a distinct ashy covering. The formation of the
spaces between the punctures in each row on the elytra is nearly similar to that in
D. peles. The present species is distinct by its large size, the distinct minute asperities
with which the interstices are set, and their ashy covering.

Hab. Kauai mountains (4000 ft.).

(5) Dryophthorus gravidus Sharp.

Dryophthorus gravidtts Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 22.

To this species I refer a great number of examples taken on Molokai, Lanai, Maui,
and Hawaii. The differences between the extremes are so great that they do not
appear, when examined together, to be even very closely allied species, but after
examining the whole series from the various localities, I am forced to consider all
to belong to one variable form. Minute individuals appear to be always distinguishable
from D. squalidus etc. by the shorter and wider elytra, differences in puncturation etc.
Some examples from Maui are very remarkable, the punctures on the elytra becoming
distorted and tending to become obsolete, the elytra themselves being laterally com-
pressed. A similar tendency is also seen in some specimens from other islands. The
elytra are much more narrowed posteriorly in some examples than in others. The
puncturation of the prothorax varies in the size and density of the punctures ; those on
the elytra also are variable. There is a decided tendency towards the sculpture of the
elytra exhibited by /?. crassus Shp. in some Maui individuals.

Hab. Oahu (Blackburn) ; all the islands to windward of Oahu.

(6) Dryophthorus crassus Sharp.

Dryophthorus crassus Sharp, Tn Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 23.

Hab. Oahu and Maui (Blackburn). 1 have taken it singly near Honolulu, but
not elsewhere, unless some of the examples from Maui, included under /?. gravidus,
should be referred to this species.

ig— 2

142 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(7) Dry opht horns komoeorkynckus, sp. nov.

Niger, vel piceus, baud robustus, rugoso-punctatus. Rostrum utriusque sexus
(apice extremo excepto), opacum, rugoso-punctatum. Pronotum densissime rugoso-
punctatum, antice fortissime constrictum. Elytra sat profunde sulcata, sulcis grosse
punctatis, interstitiis punctulatfs, punctis setas brevissimas pallidas, satis conspicuas,
ferentibus. Long, (rostr. incl.) 4*5 — 6 mm. (Plate VII. fig. 17; fig. lya, head and
rostrum of $; fig. ijb of $,)

This species, although the elevated apical margin appears rather continuous with
the sixth than the fourth interstice of the elytra, evidently belongs to the group of
/?. declivis, from which it is also separated at once by the fact that there is little
difference in the elevation of the interstices, whereas in that species the second, fourth
and sixth are very noticeably more elevated than the others. From those species
of the group of D. squalidus which it somewhat resembles, the female is distinguished
at once by the dull apical half of the rostrum, with its rugose puncturation, and the t by
the more outstanding pterygia, so that the rostrum is more widened about the point of
insertion of the antennae. The sexes are easily known by the more slender rostrum of
the female.

Hab. Kauai mountains (2000 — 4000 ft.).

(8) Dryophthorus declivis Sharp.

Dryophthorus declivis Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 23,

(Plate VII. fig. 18.)

This is a very distinct species easily known by the costate 2nd, 4th and 6th
interstices of the elytra, the two latter uniting to form the strongly raised apical side-
margin. These interstices vary somewhat in the amount of elevation, but it is always
very apparent. The female has the rostrum more slender than the <^, less widened at
the insertion of the antennae, but the dull surface and rugose puncturation to near the
apex is common to both sexes.

Hab. Oahu, Molokai, Hawaii. Not so common as many of the species.

(9) Dryophthorus modestus Sharp.

Dryophthorus modestus Sharp, Tr, Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 23.

The sexual distinctions in this species are similar to those exhibited by the sexes
in D, homoeorhynchus and Z?. declivis. It varies considerably in size and the elevation
of the apical margin, the connection between which and the fourth interstice is rather
less manifest in some examples than others.

Hab. Oahu, Maui, and Hawaii.

COLEOPTERA 143

(10) Dryophthortis piisillus Sharp.

Dryophthorus pusillus Sharp, t. c. p. 24.

Hab. Oahu (Blackburn) ; in stems of the tree-fern. I have never met with this
species.

(11) Dryophthorus oahuensis, sp. nov.

Species minima, minus lata, rufescens, capite nigricante. Rostrum (^) latum,
rugosum, et opacum. Pronotum antice fortiter constrictum, grosse rugoso-punctatum.
Elytra seriatim grosse punctata, interstitiis omnibus distinctis, 2° et 4'' quam 3^ et 5^
paullo fortius elevatis, 6'' ad apicem declivem fortissime carinato-elevato. Long. ^
(rostr. incl.) 27 mm.

The rostrum is rather short and broad, the pterygia strongly outstanding. The
eyes are feebly facetted. The puncturation of the prothorax is coarse and rugose but
apparently shallow. All the interstices of the elytra are distinct, but not wide, the
second and fourth a little more raised than the third and fifth, and not interrupted, the
sixth alone forms the extremely strongly elevated apical side-margin. The species is
very distinct,

Hab. Oahu. A single example (^) taken in the Waianae mountains (3000 ft).

(12) Dryophthorus kauaiensis, sp. nov.

Species minima, rufescens. Caput {f) cum rostro rugoso-punctatum, squamosum.
Pronotum dense grossissime rugoso-punctatum, antice constrictum. Elytra sat grosse
seriatim punctata, interstitio 2^ 4^ et 6*" baud interrupte carinato-elevatis, tertio sub-
obsoleto. Long. ^ vix 3 mm.

This species is allied to /?. oahuensis, but it is a little larger, and abundantly
distinct by the sculpture of the elytra, the sharply carinate form of the second and
fourth interstices readily separating the two. The apical margin is formed by the sixth
interstice, which is strongly raised towards the apex. In D, pusillus Shp., which is a
small species, the fourth interstice is continuous with that margin, as also is the case
with D, modestus Shp. Both in D. kauaiensis and the preceding species the eighth
interstice forms a part of the lateral outline towards the base of the elytra, in dorsal
aspect. In the present species indeed it is rather strongly raised.

Hab. Kauai. A single ^ taken in the mountains (4000 ft.).

144 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(13) Dryophthorus insignis Sharp.

Dijophthorus insignis Sharp, t, c. 1878, p. 24.

(Plate VII. fig, 19.)

I have examined numerous specimens which I refer to this species from the islands
of Oahu, Maui, and Hawaii. It also is found on the other islands. The examples
from the islands specified do not altogether agree, but as the series from each locality
exhibits some variation I see no means of separating them as distinct forms. Certainly
in the majority of cases the Oahuan examples can be distinguished by the more
imperfect eyes, but there is evident individual variation in this respect. The Maui
form has the raised interstices of the elytra always very strongly broken, and the eyes
are more developed. In specimens from Hawaii the eyes are well-developed, convex
and a little prominent From the other islands I have seen only odd specimens.

Hab. Found under bark of trees in the mountains of all the islands.

(14) Dryophthorus insignoideSy sp. no v.

Piceus, vel plus minusve rufescens, sat grosse punctatus. Oculi mediocres. Rostri
(?) pars praeantennalis nitida, rugoso-punctata. Pronotum elongatum, antice fortiter
constrictum, obscurius grosse punctatum. Elytra seriatim grosse punctata, interstitio
2° et 4° inaequaliter carinato-elevatis, setis vestitis, primo sat distincto. Long, (rostr.
incl.) 4 — 475 mm.

The general sculpture of this species is as in D. insignis Shp., from which it is
readily distinguished by the distinct first interstice of the elytra, the carinae of which
are less strongly elevated. All the raised interstices (i.e. 2nd, 4th and 6th) bear erect
setae, and the second and fourth are evidently interrupted or uneven. The third and
fifth interstices are generally more or less distinct. The eyes are fairly well developed.
The rostrum of the female on the part in front of the antennae has the surface shining,
and is strongly and rugosely punctured, in the $ this part is dull and covered with
squamosity.

Hab. Kauai mountains. Single examples from other islands, Molokai, Lanai,
and Oahu, do not altogether agree with the typical specimens, but are too close to
separate without the examination of a fair series.

(15) Dryophthorus brevipennis^ sp. nov.

Praecedenti simillimus, statura minore, elytris brevioribus distinguendus. Long.

3—375 ^n^'

Very similar to the preceding but a decidedly smaller insect. The second, fourth

COLEOPTERA 145

and sixth interstices of the elytra are more or less raised and bear fine setae, but the
elevations are feeble. The other interstices are quite distinct. The elytra themselves
are decidedly shorter than in D. insignoides, the rostrum in the ? is more finely and less
rugosely punctured than in that species. In a strict dorsal aspect of the elytra the
acute 8th interstice always forms a portion of their lateral oudine near the base.
Hab. Kauai mountains (4000 ft.).

(16) Dryophthorus fuscescens, sp. nov.

Haud latus, statura minore, fuscescens. Oculi minimi. Pronotum antice fortiter
constrictum, grossius punctatum. Elytra seriatim grossius punctata, interstitiis cunctis
sat distinctis, secundo quartoque inaequaliter distincte carinato-elevatuHs, cumque
sexto, setis brevissimis vestitis. Long. 3*5 mm.

A small and very distinct species, with unusually small eyes, which consist of
comparatively few coarse facets. The rostrum of the % is closely, coarsely and rugosely
punctured between the smooth apex and the line of insertion of the antennae, and is
hardly shining. In the ^ the sculpture of the rostrum is entirely concealed, and this
may possibly be the case with the % when alive, but the covering is removed in the
single example of this sex.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft.); 2 J and i % taken.

(17) Dryophthorus verticalis, sp. nov.

Piceus, subrobustus. Rostri (?) pars praeantennalis nitida, fortiter distincte punc-
tata. Oculi sat magni. Pronotum grossius punctatum, antice fortiter constrictum.
Elytra seriatim grosse punctata, interstitiis sat distinctis, secundo quartoque inaequaliter
elevatis et setulosis, postice fortissime declivia, fere verticalia. Long, (rostr. excl.)
3 — vix 4 mm. (Plate VIL fig. 20.)

The male of this species is at once distinguished from any other of the section by
its short robust form as seen in dorsal view, the elytra becoming wider at the base of
the posterior declivity than they are across the shoulders. Posteriorly they are strongly
vertical and of slightly recurved form. The female is less remarkable but it is more
robust and larger than the allied species. The rostrum is shining and strongly punc-
tured. In both sexes the sinuation of the 6th interstice of the elytra causes the 8th
to be distinctly visible in dorsal aspect, so that it evidently forms part of the lateral
outline. The second and fourth interstices are unevenly raised, or carinate, and
setulose.

Hab. Kauai mountains (4000 ft.).

146 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Thallatodora, gen, nov.

Corpus subgracile, fusiformi-ovale, rugoso-sculpturatiim. Rostrum elongatum, ad
insertionem antennarum fortissime curvatum, sive geniculatum, parte praeantennali
fortius dilatata. Antennae longe ante medium rostrum insertae, scapo elongato, funiculo
capituloque una conjunctis haud minus longo, funiculi 5-articulati articulo secundo
sequentibus evidenter Jongiore, capitulo brevi, robusto. Oculi subrotundi, fortiter
prominentes, in rostro, a capite distantes, siti. Pronotum elongatum, antice constric-
tum, elytris angustius. Scutellum vix discernendum. Tarsi breves, articulo tertio
biiobato, lobis parvis. Corpus totum subtus dense ac grosse punctatum ; coxae poste-
riores late, intermediae his minus late, anteriores intermediis minus late separatae,
haudquaquam tamen contiguae. Metasternum sat longum. Abdominis pars basalis
(so. segmentum i et 2, quae parum distincte sunt divisa), mesosterno una cum meta-
sterno haud minus longa.

(i) Thalattodora insignis, sp. nov,

Piceo-nigra, tarsis antennisque rufescentibus, opaca. Rostrum rugosum. Pronotum
elongatum, antice constrictum, lateribus parum fortiter rotundatis, grosse denseque
rugoso-punctatum. Elytra profunde striata, striis grosse confertim punctatis, interstitiis
asperis, punctulatis, setis brevissimis pallidis, uniseriatim dispositis. Long, (rostr. incl.)
3'5 mm. (Plate VIII. fig. i ; la, antennae.)

Hab. Lanai. A single example taken under logs on the coast.

Pentarthrum Wollaston.

(i) Pentarthrum prolixum Sharp.

Pentarthrum prolixum Sharp, Tr, Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 25.

Hab. Found on all the islands, living on tree-ferns. Varies greatly in size.

(2) Pentarthru7n obscurum Sharp.

Pentarthrum obscurujn Sharp, /. c.

Hab. Oahu. Abundant in dead wood up to an elevation of 2000 ft. Often in
company with Phloeophagosoma and Pseudolus.

COLEOPTERA 147

(3) Pentarthrum blackbm^ni Sharp.

Pentarthrum blackburni Sharp, /. c,

Hab. Oahu. Near Honolulu (Blackburn). I did not meet with this species.

Orothreptes, gen. nov.

Subfusiformis, haud gracilis, totus pube aurea vestitus. Rostrum elongatum, levius
curvatum, lateribus parallelis. Oculi magni convex!. Antennae breves, robustae, fere
ad medium rostrum insertae, scapo minus longo, funiculo 5-articulato, articulo primo
brevi, caeteris transversis, capitulo elongato. Pronotum latum, antice subconstrictum.
Tarsi breves, sat robusti, articulo tertio late bilobato. Coxae omnes sat late separatae,
sed posteriores et intermediae multo latius quam anteriores. Metasternum longum.
Elytra pronoto evidenter latiora. Scutellum patens.

Perhaps most nearly allied to Sericotrogus Woll, but differing greatly in its much
less narrow and elongate form, the less strongly curved rostrum, the pterygia being not
in the least outstanding, the larger but less prominent eyes, short wide prothorax,
shorter metasternum, and in many other respects. The lobes of the tarsi are very
largely developed, the apical joint is somewhat stout.

(i) Orothreptes callithrix, sp. nov.

Rufotestaceus, totus aureo-pubescens. Rostrum opacum, subtilissime punctatum,
lateribus parallelis. Pronotum sat latum, antice subconstrictum, densissime grossius
punctatum, lateribus rotundatis. Elytra profunde striata, striis haud distincte punctatis,
interstitiis confuse crebreque rugoso-punctatis. Long, (rostr. incl.) circ. 4*25 mm.
(Plate VIII. fig. 2 ; 2^, antenna).

Hab. Hawaii. A single example taken in the Kona district (3000 ft.)

Deinocossonus, gen. nov.

Forma subcylindrico-fusiformi, totus pube demissa vestitus. Rostrum latum, breve,
a capite parum distincte divisum, medium postice longitudinaliter sulcatum, ad inser-
tionem antennarum subangustatum, ibique utrinque tuberculo munitum. Oculi per-
magni, convexiusculi, a pronoto distantes. Antennae ad apices oculorum insertae, ab
apice rostri distantes, funiculo 7-articulato, articulo primo caeteris, qui omnes sunt bre-
vissimi, longiore, capitulo sat robusto. Pronotum subelongatum, antice angustatum.
F. H. II. 20

148 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Elytra ac pronotum aeque lata. Scutellum conspicuum. Tarsorum articulus tertius sat
latus, bilobatus. Uncus tibiarum anteriorum apicalis validus. Femora robusta. Coxae
omnes late separatae. Metasternum satis longum. Abdomen subtus pubescens, fortiter
punctatum.

A genus, the species of which is of small size, and apparently without any allied
form known from elsewhere. It is very remarkable for the short wide rostrum, the very
large, but not prominent eyes, and the dense covering of golden pubescence. In the
testaceous colour, and the clothing, these insects have an extraordinary resemblance to
the insect, for which I have made the genus OrotkrepieSy but that has a totally different
form of rostrum, and a 5-jointed funiculus, and differs in many other respects. Probably
in habits the two are identical.

Deinocossonus is a form of excessive rarity, or at least very difficult to procure, and
the pubescence is so easily removed, that I have been unwilling to subject the few
specimens taken to much manipulation.

(i) Deinocossonus nesiotes, sp. nov.

Angustus, testaceus, aureo-pubescens, capite rostroque nigris. Pronotum dense,
nee profunde punctatum, inter puncta subtilissime rugulosa. Elytra striata, striis obscu-
rius, plus minusve evidenter punctatis, interstitiis obscure punctulatis, et pubescentibus.
Femora anteriora supra testacea, parte inferiore nigricante. Long, (rostr. incl.), 2*5 —
vix 3 mm. (Plate VIII. fig. 3; 3^, antenna.)

Var. a. elytrorum striis haud evidenter punctatis, rostri parte apicali testacea,

Var. ^. rostro et capite nigris, femora omnia cum tibiis nigricantia.

Hab. Oahu. Two examples taken together at an elevation of 3000 ft. on Kaala
mountain. Var. a. Kauai, 4000 ft. ; Oahu, Waianae mountains. Var. ^. Hawaii.
One specimen at Kilauea.

Haloxenus, gen. nov.

Corpus elongatum, gracile, fusiforme, haud pubescens. Rostrum latum, breve
subconicum (sc. lateribus ad apicem evidenter convergentibus), a capite minus distincte
divisum. Oculi rotundi, latissime separati, a pronoto sat distantes. Antennae paullo
ante medium rostrum insertae, funiculi 7-articulati articulo primo robusto, caeteris
longiore, secundo caeterisque brevissimis, capitulo sat magno, apice acuminato. Pro-
notum elongatum antice angustatum, vix constrictum. Pedes sat robusti ; tarsi breves,
articulo tertio parvo, haud evidenter bilobato, articulo ultimo elongato, caeteris conjunctis
haud minus longo. Metasternum perlongum. Coxae omnes late separatae. Elytra
elongata, angusta, lateribus parallelis. Scutellum patens.

This genus comes nearest to Eutornus WolL, but has the rostrum narrowing to
the apex, and the point of insertion of the antennae is different.

COLEOPTERA j^g

(i) HaloxeuMs mzmigrans, sp, nov.

Piceus, vel rufopiceus, subnitidus, elongatus, gracillimus. Rostrum basim versus
dense sat fortiter, ad apicem subtiliter punctatum. Pronotum fortiter punctatum, antice
sensim nee fortiter angustatum. Elytra striata, striis sat grosse punctatis, circum
suturam subtilissime punctulata. Long, (rostn incl.) circ. 3 mm. (Plate VIII.
fig. 4.)

Hab. Molokai and Lanai coasts. Not rare under logs of drift-wood.

PsEUDOLus Sharp.

(i) Pseudolus longulus Boheman.
Rhyncohis longulus Boh., Eug. Res. p. 149.

Hab. Oahu and Maui. Abundant, and no doubt inhabits other of the islands,
at low elevations. On Cactus, Aleurites, Musa, &c.

(2) Pseudolus hospesy sp. nov.

Niger, gracilis, elongatus, subnitidus. Rostrum confertim punctatum, parte prae-
antennali fortius dilatata. Pronotum elongatum, fortiter crebre punctatum, antice
fortiter constrictum. Elytra striata, striis grosse confertim punctatis, interstitiis
punctulatis, setas minimas pallidas ferentibus, et transversim subtilissime rugulosis.
Tarsorum articulus tertius, secundo evidenter latior, bilobatus, lobis parvis. Long.
6*5 mm.

Hab. Oahu. Four examples taken, two in Honolulu and two a short distance
outside.

This species has only been met with near Honolulu, and I suspect it has been
introduced. Generically it appears to be somewhat intermediate between Pseudolus
and Phloeophagosoma,

Phloeophagosoma Wollaston.

(i) Phloeophagosoma tenuis Gemm.

Rhyncolus tenuis Gemm. Mun. Cat. viii. p. 2667.
Rhyncolus gracilis Boh. Eug. Res. p. 149.

Hab. Oahu, up to 2000 ft. ; common. Hawaii, in Kona (2000 — 3000 ft.).

20 — 2

ISO FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Nesotocus, gen. nov.

Forma subfusiformi, statura magna. Rostrum cylindricum, perlongum, maris
rugose sculpturatum, saepissime spinulosum, feminae parte praeantennali laevi, nitida,
impunctata. Oculi magni, convexiusculi, a pronoto sat distantes. Antennae longissimae,
graciles, maris paullo ante vel fere ad medium rostrum, feminae longe post medium
insertae, funiculo (^) perspicue piloso, 7-articulato, articulis basalibus fortissime elongatis,
capitulo elongato, subfusiformi. Pronotum antice fortiter angustatum, truncato-conicum.
Scutellum patens. Pedes longissimi, femoribus anterioribus ^ gracilioribus, % robusti-
oribus et magis incrassatis, tarsorum articulo primo et secundo elongatis, tertio late
bilobato, articulo ultimo gracili elongato, apicem versus crassiore, unguiculis longis et
curvatis. Coxae anteriores (necnon etiam intermediae et posteriores) late separatae.
Metasternum sat longum, postice subangulariter emarginatum, medium longitudinaliter
impressum vel sulcatum. Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale secundo paullo
longius, tertium una cum quarto hoc paullo brevius, segmentum apicale Z latius $ minus
late rotundatum. Elytra et pronotum pube pallida decorata, hoc et illis subaequilatis.

There is apparently no known ally to the three remarkable insects for which the
above genus is formed. They all live in the wood of the tree Cheirodendron, and, I
believe, of another tree which has a considerable resemblance to that genus. In
superficial appearance the three species almost exactly resemble one another, and this
is rather that of Erirhinini than Cossonini.

(i) Nesotoctis munroi, sp. nov.

Niger, pubescentiae pallidae maculis ornatus, antennis tarsisque nonnunquam
rufescentibus. Rostrum J (saltem in exemplis majorlbus), rugoso-sculpturatum, utrinque
serrato-spinosum, in exemplis parvis vix plus quam simpliciter punctatum, $ parte prae-
antennali laevi impunctato. Antennae ^ evidenter propius ad apicem rostri quam ad
oculos, ? longe post medium rostrum insertae. Pronotum sat dense punctatum, antice
fortiter angustatum, conico-truncatum. Elytra striata, striis parum fortiter punctatis,
apicem versus compressa. Long, (rostr. incl.), ^ majoris 21 mm., ^ minoris 12-5 mm. ;
$ 15 mm.

Ill-developed males have the front femora more incrassate than large examples,
tending to resemble the $ in this respect, as also to some extent in the smoother
rostrum.

Hab. Hawaii, Maui. Various localities on Hawaii (2000 — 4000 ft.) ; Kohala,
Kau, Puna ; Haleakala on Maui. This species was given to me, soon after my arrival
in the islands, by Mr G. C. Munro, who obtained specimens in the Kohala mountains,
and I have named it after this excellent ornithologist. A fragment (elytra and sternum)
found in the mountains of Molokai may belong to this species, but the pubescence is
more deeply yellow.

COLEOPTERA 15 1

(2) Nesotoms newelli, sp. nov.

Praecedenti cognatissimus. Differt statura majore, antennarum scapi apice magis
incrassato, funiculo densius longiusque piloso, articulo secundo pro primo magis elongate.
^. Long. 26 mm.

The single t of this species I believe to be distinct from N. nmnroi, and not
merely a very large and finely developed example of that species. Besides the
characters given above the apical joint of the funiculus of the antennae is nearly equal
to the basal portion of the club, which is clothed with sub-erect hairs (the apical portion
being densely covered with appressed pubescence). In N. inunroi the apical joint of
the funiculus is very greatly shorter than the basal portion of the club.

Hab. Maui. A single example has been taken by Bro. Matthias Newell in the
lao valley.

(3) Nesotoctis kaitaiensisy sp. nov.

Praecedentibus simillimus, niger, pubescentia flava ornatus. Differt Z antennis
haud propius ad apicem rostri quam ad oculos insertis, % rostri parte postantennali
minus fortiter denseque punctata. Long. 13 — 16-5 mm. (Plate VI IL fig. 5.)

The t of this species is very distinct from either of the preceding, by the different
point of insertion of the antennae, this being nearly equidistant from the eyes and apex
of the rostrum. The % is much more difficult to separate, but the basal portion of the
rostrum appears to be smoother, and more finely and less closely punctured. In fresh
examples the pubescence is decidedly more deeply yellow, and that on the elytra is
rather more extensive.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft).

Dysomma, gen. nov.

Corpus sat gracile, cylindrico-fusiforme, haud pubescens. Rostrum elongatum,
leviter curvatum, pronoto longitudine subaequale, parte praeantennali basali parte sat
latiore. Oculi parvi, subobsoleti. Antennae longe ante medium rostrum insertae,
funiculi 7-articulati articulo basali elongato, secundo bis longiore, hoc tertio longiore,
capitulo elongato-ovali. Pronotum magnum, elongatum, elytris latius, antice fortiter
angustatum, vix constrictum. Uncus tibiarum anticarum apicalis validus. Tarsi brevi-
ores, articulo tertio parvo, lobis brevissimis. Unguiculi graciles, breves. Coxae omnes
late separatae, metasterno longo. Abdominis segmentum basale inter coxas posteriores
antice rotundatim productum. Elytra angustiora, lateribus subparallelis. Scutellum
patens.

152 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(i) Dysomma sylvicola, sp. nov.

Elongatus, sat gracilis, colore castaneo, subnitidus. Rostrum subrugoso-punctatum,
setis brevissimis paucis vestitum. Pronotum dense aequaliter punctatum. Elytra
pronoto angustiora, striata, striis confertim punctatis, interstitiis uniseriatim punctulatis.
Long, (rostr. incl.) 5 mm. (Plate VIII. fig. 6.)

Hab. Kauai. A single example taken in the mountains (4000 ft).

Heteramphus Sharp.

(i) Heteramphus filicum, sp. nov.

Latus, niger, opacus, tarsis antennisque rufescentibus. Pronotum latum, antice
angustatum, vix constrictum, creberrime punctatum, brevissime pubescens, dorso juxta
basim baud, vel vix evidenter, impresso. Elytra seriatim punctata, interstitiis usque
ad basim parcius sed distincte pallido-pubescentibus. Long, (rostr. incl.) 8 — 9 mm.
(Plate VI IL fig. 7.)

Closely allied to H\ wollastoni Shp., but at once distinguished by the much more
densely punctured thorax, which is clothed with a short minute pubescence, and lacks
the basal impression of the allied species. The pale hairs on the interstices of the
elytra are not confined to the apical portion, but extend to the extreme base.

Hab. Oahu, in the mountains. Attached to the tree-fern ; only a few examples
taken, the species being much more difficult to procure than H. wollastoni.

(2) Heteramphus wollastoni Sharp.

Heteramphus wollastoni Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 188.
Hab. Oahu. Common in the mountains, but local. Lives at the bases of the
leaves of Astelia veratroides.

(3) Heteramphus foveatus Sharp.

Heteramphus foveatus Sharp, /. c.

Hab. Oahu. Common in the same localities as, and in company with, //.

ivollastoni.

COLEOPTERA 153

(4) Heteramphtts haleakalae, sp. nov.

Piceus vel rufo-piceus, rostro, antennis pedlbusque rufescentibus. Rostrum rugoso-
punctatum, parte postantennali carinatim compressa. Pronotum subgrosse (antice
quam postice minus dense) punctatum, sat elongatum, minus latum, dorso juxta basim
leviter vel vix evidenter impressum. Elytra sat elongata, striata, striis parum tbrtiter
nee confertim punctatis, parce usque ad basim pubescentia. Long, (rostr. incl.) 6 7 mm.

The general appearance and form of this species is that of H. foveahis Shp., but
it is easily distinguished by the fact that it is more elongate, both the prothorax and
elytra being narrower, and the former has only a shallow, sometimes hardly perceptible,
impression near the base, and the punctures of the elytral striae are finer and more
feeble. It is also very closely allied to the following species.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; three examples ; taken from dead logs.

(5) Heteramphtts f raters sp. nov.

Piceus vel rufo-piceus, rostro, antennis pedibusque plus minusve rufescentibus.
Rostrum rugoso-punctatum, parte postantennali carinatim compressa. Pronotum grosse
punctatum, postice juxta basim profunde foveatum. Elytra minus lata, usque ad basim
parce pubescentia, striis minus fortiter punctatis. Long, (rostr. incl.) 6 — 7 mm.

Somewhat intermediate between H. kaleakalae and H, foveatus, the base of the
prothorax having a strong round impression. It is a narrower and more elongate
insect than H. foveatus, and has the striae of the elytra less strongly punctured. From
H, kaleakalae it differs in the strong impression on the prothorax, and in the fact that
the shoulders of the elytra are capable of being more closely applied to the base of the
prothorax. The two examples taken do not agree well together, the one being more
bulky than the other, and having the thoracic puncturation coarser, while the punctures
of the striae of the elytra are finer and less closely placed. The smaller example has no
impression on the apical ventral segment of the hind-body, whereas in the larger this
segment is distinctly impressed, as is also the case with all the individuals of the
preceding species.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; very rare.

(6) Heteramphus molokaiensts^ sp. nov.

Piceus, antennis, rostro pedibusque plus minusve rufescentibus. Rostrum distincte
punctatum, parte postantennali carinatim compressa. Pronotum angustum, elongatum,
antice angustatum, vix grosse punctatum, parum evidenter pubescens. Elytra pronoto

154 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

paullo latiora, angustula, vix evidenter pubescentia, apicem versus rarissime setosa, striis
obscurissime obsolete punctatis. Long, (rostr. incl.) 5 mm. (Plate VIII. fig. 8.)

Most nearly allied to H, kaleakalae, but at once distinguished by its much more
slender and elongate form.

Hab. Molokai mountains (4000 ft.). A single example taken out of wet moss in
June 1893.

(7) Heteramphus cylindricus Sharp.

HeterampJms cylindricus Sharp, t. c. p. 189.

(Plate VIII. fig. 9 large form; fig. 10 small form.)

Hab. Oahu ; common, at the bases of the leaves and in the stems of Astelia.
Varies greatly in size, some examples being much larger and more robust than others.

(8) Heteramphus hirtellus Sharp.

Heteramphus hirtellus Sharp, /. c,

Hab. Oahu. A single example was taken by Mr Blackburn in the mountains
near Honolulu. I have never met with this species.

(9) Heteramphus kauaiensis, sp. nov.

Piceus, sat latus, nitidus, rostri parte basali, pronoto, elytrisque, dense pallide
setosis. Rostrum apicem versus dilatatum, nitidum, et subtiliter punctatum. Pronotum
sat latum, nitidum, dense grosseque punctatum, juxta basim obsolete impressum, linea
dorsali laevi. Elytra brevia, nitida, striis grosse confertim punctatis, interstitiis setis
longis flavescentibus vestitis. Long, (rostr. incl.) 5*5 mm. (Plate VIII. fig. 11.)

This remarkable species is allied to H. hirtellus Shp., the rostrum, viewed from
in front, being widened at some distance before the insertion of the antennae on the
basal side, owing to the long outstanding pterygia. Its form is much the same as in
H, foveattts, but it might reasonably be considered as the type of another genus.

Hab. Kauai. A single example taken on the high plateau.

(10) Heteramphus nivicolay sp, nov.

Nigro-piceus, opacus (capite cum pronoto absente), elytris apices versus setas
nonnullas ferentibus. Elytra distinctissime striata, striis remote nee grosse punctatis,
interstitiis haud convexis subseriatim rugoso-punctatis. Metasternum grosse punctatum.

COLEOPTERA 155

Abdominis segmentum basale subtus nitidum, grosse et remote punctatum, segmentum
2"^, 3"^ et 4"^ rugoso-punctata, segmentum apicale densius fortiter distincte punctatum.
Long. ?.

The genus of the insect above described is not certain, since the head, prothorax
and most of the appendages are wanting, but it is probably a true Heteramphus, It
is easily distinguished from any of the other species, by the sculpture of the elytra and
the under-parts. The former are less wide at the base and comparatively more elongate
than those of H. foveatus (than which the species is of larger size), the striae are very
distinct and are wide apart, their punctures are somewhat fine, and especially on the
striae towards the sides, remote from one another, the interstices are not the least
convex, and are rather largely and rugosely and somewhat seriately punctured, so that
when looked along from the apex they even appear somewhat grooved or concave.
The humeral angles of the elytra are rounded off and indistinct. The abdomen beneath
is shining, the basal segment remotely and very strongly punctured, the three following
ones are rugosely punctate, the apical one strongly and closely, but less coarsely than
the basal one.

Hab. Maui. A single example in fragmentary condition was found near the
summit of Haleakala.

OoDEMAS Bohem.

(i) Oodemas olindae Blackburn.

Oodemas olindae Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. p. 199.
(Plate VIII. fig. 12, ?.)

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; i ^ and i ? taken. Two examples, now in the
British Museum, taken by Mr Blackburn, are both $, and apart from sexual differences
agree closely with my ^. The % taken by me is less shining, the prothorax entirely
dull, and strongly punctured, but there is little doubt that it belongs to the same species.
The t differs from the $ in the shorter rostrum, and the very large second joint of the
anterior and intermediate tarsi, which are hardly less wide than the third joint.

(2) Oodemas longirosh^e, sp. no v.

Nigrum, aenescens, elongato-ovale, nitidum. Rostrum longissimum, valde curva-
tum, apice fortiter dilatato, basali parte gracillima, subtiliter dense punctatum. Oculi
fortiter prominentes. Prothorax nitidus, sat elongatus, subtiliter punctatus. Elytra
F. H. II. 21

156 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

nitida, basi obscure marginata, antice obscure striata, striis grossius punctatis, interstitiis
crebre punctulatis, postice fortiter convexis. $. Long, (cum rostro) 7 mm. (Plate VIII.
fig- i3» ^ ; ^Z^^ anterior tarsus of J.)

Very distinct from any other species ; most nearly allied to O, olindae. The
excessively long slender rostrum, which is much more strongly curved, will at once
distinguish it from that species. The two basal joints of the funiculus are much
the same in both species.

Hab. Kauai. A single % taken in the mountains (4000 ft.).

(3) Oodemas dilatatipes, sp. nov.

Nigroaeneum, elongatum, nitidum. Rostrum nitidum, subtiliter sat dense puncta-
tum, apice dilatato. Oculi fortiter prominentes. Antennarum articulus secundus et
tertius fortiter elongati, subaequales. Pronotum latum, antice fortiter angustatum,
subtiliter punctatum. Elytra seriatim (subgrosse) punctata, interstitiis convexis, sub-
tiliter punctatis. Tarsorum ^ intermed. et antic, articulus secundus aeque latus ac
tertius. ,?. Long. 5 mm.

Black, slightly aeneous, shining. The t (the only sex obtained), has the rostrum
long, strongly dilated on its apical portion, the surface shining, finely and densely
punctured. The eyes are very strongly convex, and prominent. Antennae with the
first joint of the funiculus long, the following hardly longer. The prothorax is wide,
strongly narrowed in front, and finely punctured. Elytra shining, with rows of
moderately large punctures, the interstices slightly and narrowly raised, or convex, and
finely punctured. The hind portion of the elytra is of the abrupt form usual in the
section, and the apical segments of the hind-body beneath are inclined to the basal part.
The femora are extremely stout, and the second joint of the front and intermediate
tarsi very wide.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains. A single t only taken. Differs from the t of
(9. olindae Blk., in the shorter rostrum, the coarser puncturation of the striae of the
elytra, which are not distinctly margined at the base, etc.

(4) Oodemas nivicola Blackburn.

Oodemas nivicola Blackb., Ann. Soc. Ent Belg. xxi. p. 75.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 ft. to the summit), outside the forest. Common
and very variable in size, sculpture &c. Sometimes brightly shining, often quite dull.

COLEOPTERA 157

(5) Oodemas costatitm, sp. nov.

Ovatum, robustum, nitide aeneum. Rostrum nitidum, subtiliter punctatum, apice
subdilatato. Antennarum articulus secundus et tertius fortissime elongati, fere aequi-
longi. Elytra seriatim punctata^ interstitiis punctulatis, a basi usque ad apicem elytrorum
distinctissime costatis, Tarsorum antic, et intermed, (^) articulus secundus maximus,
articulo tertio baud minus latus. t- Long, 5 "5 mm.

Ovate, shining, bronzy black. Rostrum shining, finely punctured, dilated at the
apex. Eyes convex, subprominent. Antennae with the first two joints of the funiculus
very long, subequal. Prothorax shining finely and feebly punctured. Elytra striate,
the striae strongly punctured, the interstices sharply raised from base to apex, giving
the elytra a ribbed appearance, and finely punctured. Second joint of the anterior and
intermediate tarsi of the t very large, about as wide as the apical width of the lobate
third joint, and rather longer than wide.

Hab. Kauai Mountains {4000 ft). A very distinct species, of which only a
single ^ was taken.

(6) Oodemas longicorne, sp. nov.

Ovatum, robustum, aeneum, nitidissimum. Rostrum sat longum, apice dilatato,
nitidum, subtiliter dense punctatum. Antennae longae, funicuh articulo primo fortiter
elongato, secundo hoc vel longiore. Prothorax latus, nitidus, subtiliter punctatus.
Tarsorum articulus secundus anticorum et intermediorum aeque latus ac tertius, et
hoc multo longior. Elytra grossius seriatim antice punctata, interstitiis obscure costato-
elevatis. J. Long. 5 mm.

This species is closely allied to O, costatum, but is very distinct by the sculpture
of the elytra, the interstices only showing a faint tendency to the costate form of that
species.

Hab. Kauai. Four examples (all ^), taken on the high plateau.

(7) Oodemas punctulatis simttm, sp. nov.

Nigroaeneum, nitidum, ovale, robustum. Antennae testaceae, graciles, sat elon-
gatae, articulo secundo brevi, tertio minus fortiter elongato, sed secundo longiore.
Rostrum nitidum, apice dilatato, fortiter deflexo, subtilissime punctatum. Oculi parum
prominentes. Prothorax latus, nitidus, subtilissime (vix evidenter) punctatus. Elytra
nitida, antice vix evidenter, postice paullo distinctius, striata, dense punctulata, apice
fere recurvo. Pedes rufotestacei ; tarsorum {f) anticorum et intermediorum articulus
secundus dilatatus, tertio vix minus latus. t- Long. 3-5 mm.

21—2

158 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Remarkable in its group for the unusually short second joint of the funiculus which
though evidently longer than the short first joint is less elongate than in the allied
species, and for the dense puncturation of the elytra, the punctures on the striae (which
are hardly perceptible in front) being very little larger than those on the interstices.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains; i t taken in April 1892.

(8) Oodemas molokaiense, sp. nov.

Ovatum, nigroaeneum, nitidum. Rostrum dense subtilius punctatum, apice dilatato,
Oculi magni, prominuli. Antennarum articulus tertius fortissime elongatus, secundo
fere bis longior. Elytra minus fortiter seriatim punctata. Tarsorum (^) anticorum
articulus secundus permagnus, aeque latus ac tertius. Long. 3*5 — 4*5 mm.

(Plate VIII. fig. 14, t\ fig. H'^j anterior tarsus of ^.)

Ovate, aeneous, more or less shining, generally brightly so, of more or less robust
form. The rostrum is finely and closely punctured, its apical portion evidently dilated.
The eyes are large and somewhat prominent. Antennae long, slender, the second
joint of the funiculus very elongate, twice, or nearly twice, as long as the first.
Prothorax broad, much narrowed in front, finely punctured, obsoletely so in some
examples. Elytra with rows of fine punctures, sometimes with scarcely perceptible
striation in front, in others with evident striae, the interstices very finely, subobsoletely
punctured. Posteriorly the elytra are vertical, almost recurved, especially in the J.

Second joint of the front and intermediate tarsi in the t very large, as wide as
the lobate third joint, and rather longer. Apical ventral segments of the hind-body in
a plane inclined to that of the basal segments. Rostrum shorter than that of the ?.

Two examples (^, $) from Lanai have the elytra more strongly striated, the
punctures on the striae rather larger, and the interstitial puncturation rather more
developed.

Hab. Molokai (3000 — 4500 ft.); Lanai (2000 ft). Rare. Allied to O. punctula-
tissimum, but readily distinguished by the longer second joint of the funiculus, and
the different puncturation of the elytra. The examples from Lanai might almost pass
as a distinct species.

(9) Oodemas chrysodorum^ sp. nov.

Castaneum, nitidum, conspicue aureo-micans, ovale, elytrorum lateribus bisinuatis.
Rostrum longum, apice dilatato, rugoso-punctatum, saepe longitudinaliter carinatum.
Oculi perdepressi. Pronotum haud transversum, antice fortiter angustatum. Elytra
(antice saltem) obscure striata, striis saepe impunctatis, vel parce subtilissime punctatis.
^ tarsorum anticorum articulus secundus fere aeque longus ac latus, articulus tertius

COLEOPTERA i^^

lobis niagnis. Antennae crassiusculae, articulo 2^ et 3^ aut subaequalibus aut hoc

longiore. t ?. Long. 375—5-2 mm.

(Plate VIII. fig. 15, ^; fig. 15^, anterior tarsus of Z\ %. 15^, of ?.)

This species is readily distinguished by its bright golden-brown colour, the long

rostrum (especially in the ?), which has the apex slightly but evidently widened, and

the feeble sculpture of the elytra,

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft) ; lives in the stems of Rubus macraei,

(10) Oodemas brunneum, sp. no v.

Anguste ovale, nitidum, brunneum, aureo-micans. Rostrum nequaquam dilatatum,
rugoso-punctatum. Oculi convexi, haud fortiter depressi. Antennae crassiusculae,
funiculi articulo secundo et tertio brevissimis, hoc illo longiore. Pronotum nitidum,
subelongatum, subtiliter nee dense punctatum. Tarsorum ^ anticorum articulus
secundus latior quam longior, tertio evidenter angustior. Elytra nitida antice vix
evidenter striata, seriatim subtiliter punctata, interstitiis etiam punctatis. ^. Long.
3-25 mm.

This species somewhat resembles the preceding in colour, but the rostrum, which
is not widened on the apical portion, the more convex eyes, the elytra much less
strongly rounded behind the shoulders, and their more distinct puncturation (the
punctures of the series are slightly larger than those of the interstices), will easily
distinguish it.

Hab. Molokai, mountains (3000 ft.); i ^.

(11) Oodemas cupreum, sp. no v.

Ovale, plus minusve nitidum, cupreum. Rostrum sat longum, apice haud dilatato,
subtilissime punctatum. Antennarum funiculi articuli 2 basales parum longi, sub-
aequales. Pronotum subelongatum, antice angustatum. Elytra subtiliter striata,
seriatim, nee fortiter punctata, interstitiis sat crebre punctulatis. Long. 4 — 5 mm.

Elongate-oval, more or less shining, the elytra reddish or piceous, and of a distinct
copper colour. Legs and often the antennae reddish. Rostrum rather long, not
widened towards the apex, finely and more or less sparsely punctured. The two basal
joints of the funiculus of the antennae are short, stout and of about equal length.
Prothorax finely punctured, rather long and much narrowed in front. Elytra more or
less feebly striate, the punctures of the striae distinct, but not coarse, the interstices
with a much finer but distinct and more or less dense puncturation. The lobes of the
front tarsi are small in all the specimens examined, but it is uncertain whether the Z sex
is represented.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 — 6000 ft.) ; rare.

r6o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(12) Oodemas crassicorne Blackburn.

Oodemas crassicorne Blackb. Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 184.

The sexual distinctions are important in this species, the second joint of the front
tarsi of the t being much wider than that of the ?.

Hab. Lanai Mountains (2000 — 3000 ft). Not rare.

(13) Oodemas haleakalae, sp. nov.

Elongato-ovale, nitidum, aenescens. Rostrum rugoso-punctatum ; oculi parum
convexi. Antennarum articulo secundo brevi, tertio elongato. Pronotum baud trans-
versum, antice angustatum. Elytra antice levissime vel vix striata, lateribus bisinuatis,
striis subtiliter remote punctatis, interstitiis saepe crebre punctulatis, postice (prae-
cipue $) sat convexis, Tarsorum ant $ articulus secundus transversus, tertius hoc
multo latior, lobis magnis. Long, 3 — 4*5 mm.

This species is closely allied to O. crassicorne, Blk. It varies greatly in size, small
males being only about half the bulk of the female, and in sculpture, the puncturation
of the elytra being much more developed in some examples than in others. It may be
distinguished from the allied species by the longer rostrum and less convex eyes, and
the former is generally more rugosely punctured, especially in the female. The rostrum
is generally more or less evidently widened towards the apex, and is often distinctly
carinate down the middle. The interstitial puncturation of the elytra is as a rule hardly
less developed than that of the striae. Towards the apex (especially in the ?) the
interstices become rather strongly convex, the fourth, fifth and sixth terminating
somewhat abruptly at the same point, a character which will distinguish this species
from some others of very similar appearance (e.g. O, tardzim, Blk.).

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 — 6000 ft) ; common.

(14) Oodemas montanum, sp. nov.

Nigroaeneum, nitidum, ovale. Antennae crassae, scapo brevi, funiculi articulo
primo elongato, crasso, secundo subaequali. Rostrum nitidum, subfortiter punctatum,
apice leviter dilatato, fortius decurvato. Oculi convexi et prominuli. Pronotum sat
longum, subtilissime punctatum, antice fortiter angustatum. Elytra nitida, seriatim nee
grosse punctata, vix evidenter striata, interstitiis subtiliter minus dense punctatis.
(Sexus ?) Long, vix 4 mm.

This species very closely resembles O, tardum Blackb., but the very stout

COLEOPTERA i6i

antennae, the first and second joints of the funiculus being elongate, subequal, and
unusually stout, and the less punctured interstices of the elytra easily distinguish it.
The single example taken is probably a ^. The second joint of the front tarsi is short,
subrotundate, and much less wide than the bilobate third joint.

Hab. Kauai. A single example taken on the high plateau in August, 1896.

(15) Oodemas tardum Blackburn.

Oodemas tardum Blackb, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 184.

Several specimens taken on Haleakala I refer to this species, which in most
respects very closely resembles O, haleakalae (q.v.). It would appear to be somewhat
variable, but the material taken is quite insufficient for a proper understanding of the
species.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 — 5000 ft.). Rare.

(16) Oodemas obscurum. Blackburn.

Oodemas obscurum Blackb, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxi. p. 75.
van substrictum Blackb. Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. p. 200.

The characters afforded by the front tarsi of the t are important for distinguishing
this species. The lobate third joint is unusually small and the lobes short, the second
joint is rather wide.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 — 5000 ft.) ; not rare.

(17) Oodemas aequale Blackburn.

Oodemas aequale Blackb. Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, P- ^84.
Hab, Lanai (2000 — 3000 ft.), where it is not rare.

(18) Oodemas apionoides, sp. nov.

Angustum, elongato-ovale, nigroaeneum, plus minusve nitidum. Rostrum puncta-
turn, parte apicali levissime dilatata, .prae insertione antennarum sat evidenter decurvata.
Antennarum articulus secundus brevis, robustus, tertius huic subaequalis, vel paullo
longior. Pronotum elongatum antice sensim angustatum. Elytra subtilissime striata,
striis grossius remote punctatis, interstitiis parce (saepe subobsolete) punctatis. Tarsorum
anticorum {f) articulus secundus brevis, rotundus, tertius hoc multo latior, lobis parum
magnis. ^$. Long. 3 — 3-5 mm.

1 62 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

A rather variable species, the punctures on the striae of the elytra being decidedly
coarser in some examples than others, and sometimes also more numerous, and there-
fore less remote. The elytra are often of a bright bronzy colour. The t is shorter
than the $, and readily distinguished by the less elongated rostrum. The striation of
the elytra is always very fine and sometimes hardly discernible in front The widening
of the rostrum towards the apex is sometimes hardly perceptible, and its puncturation
is variable, being decidedly rugose in some examples.

Hab. Kauai Mountains (3000 — 4000 ft.). Not common.

(19) Oodemas affine, sp. nov.

Praecedenti cognatissimum, rostro breviore, elytris fortius et confertius seriatim
punctatis distinguendum. ^. Long. 3*25 mm.

Closely allied to O, apionoides. The rostrum is closely punctured, the apex some-
what strongly curved downwards, and it is evidently wider than that of the preceding
species. The first joint of the funiculus of the antennae is very short and stout, the
second rather longer than this. The prothorax is dull and remotely punctured, its
sides slightly convergent from the base to front. The elytra are shining, brassy,
distinctly striate ; the striae coarsely punctured, and not very remotely. The interstices
are distinctly but sparsely punctured. Second joint of the front tarsi (^) very small,
transverse, lobes of the third small.

Hab. Kauai, Makaweh (2000 ft.) ; i ^ taken.

(20) Oodemas parallelum, sp. nov.

Laete aeneum, nitidissimum, angustissimum. Antennarum articulus secundus
brevissimus, tertius fortiter elongatus secundo bis longior. Pronotum nitidum, antice
minus fortiter angustatum, subfortiter punctatum. Elytra nitidissima, subtilissime
striata, striis sat fortiter nee confertim punctatis, interstitiis parce distincte punctulatis.
Tarsorum anticorum t articulus secundus brevis transversus, tertius hoc multo latior,
lobis magnis. ^. Long, circa 3 mm.

This is a very distinct species. Its bright bronzy colour, very narrow form,
comparatively strongly punctured thorax, long second joint of the funiculus of the
antennae, &c., &c., readily distinguish it.

Hab. Oahu. A single $ taken on Kaala (Waianae Mountains) in December,
1892.

COLEOPTERA 163

(21) Oodemas graciliforme, sp. nov.

Angustum, elongato-ovale, nitide aeneum. Rostrum subnitidum, subtiliter punc-
tatum, apice levissime dilatato, evidenter decurvato. Antennarum articulus secundus et
tertius elongatl, subaequales. Pronotum baud transversum, antice fortius angustatum.
Elytra nitida, levissime striata, striis remote nee fortiter punctatis, interstitiis baud
crebre punctulatis, apicem versus elytrorum plus minusve convexis. Tarsorum ^
anticorum articulus secundus parvus, subrotundus, quam dimidia pars tertii vix latior,
hujus lobis baud magnis. ^$. Long. 375—4-5 mm. (Plate VIII. fig. 16.)

An elongate very narrow species of moderate size and bright bronze colour. The
rostrum is slightly widened towards the apex, and bent downwards from about the line
of insertion of the antennae. The first and second joints of the funiculus are elongate,
and subequal The prothorax is generally shining, and varies considerably in its
puncturation, which is closer and stronger in some examples than others ; its form is
rather long and narrow, and it is much narrowed in front. The elytra are narrow,
shining, bright brass-coloured or golden, with very fine but evident striae, which are a
little deeper posteriorly, where the interstices are more or less convex. The punctures
on the striae are not at all coarse, and are remote ; the interstitial puncturation is much
finer than these, and not dense.

In the ^ the second joint of the front tarsi is small, about as long as wide, half the
width of the lobate third joint, which is transverse, and not largely developed.

This species is distinct by the very narrow elongate form, bright bronzy colour, the
subequal first and second joints of the funiculus of the antennae, fine striation of the
elytra, and the fine puncturation of the striae.

Hab. Kauai, Halemanu ; rare.

(22) Oodemas ramulorum, sp. no v.

Nigroaeneum, nitidum, ovale. Rostrum baud dense subtiliter punctatum, apice
levissime dilatato, decurvato. Antennarum articulus secundus brevis, robustus, tertius
gracilis, elongatus. Pronotum opacum, subtilissime, nee dense, punctatum, antice an-
gustatum. Elytra nitidissima, plus minusve cupreo-nitentia, levissime striata, striis
subtiliter punctatis, interstitiis minus dense subtilissime punctulatis. Long. 3 — ^375 mm.
The two examples of this small elongate-oval species were obtained from the pith-
cavity of a dry twig, resting side by side. It is probable that they may be the sexes of
one species, although they differ somewhat in shape &c. That which is probably the ^
has the prothorax slightly shorter and wider, and of a dull brassy-green colour. The
F. H. II. 22

1 64 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

elytra are black, with a copper-coloured metallic tint. The second joint of the anterior
tarsi is small, the lobes of the following joint rather large. In the other example, both
thorax and elytra are of a very marked copper colour, the former is rather longer, and
the sides of the latter less strongly rounded.

Hab. Oahu. Mountains near Honolulu (3000 ft.) ; two examples taken.

(2'^) Oodemas leiothorax, sp. no v.

Nigroaeneum, nitidum, ovale. Rostrum </ breve, $ sat longum, apice haud dilatato,
distincte punctatum. Antennarum articulus secundus elongatus, tertio paullo (</) vel
multo (?) longior. Pronotum nitidum, subtilissime (vix evidenter) punctatum. Elytra
nitida, levissime (vix evidenter) striata, striis subtilissime remote punctatis. Tarsorum
anticorum ^ articulus secundus brevis, subrotundus, tertius lobis parvis. ^$. Long.
3-5 mm. (Plate VIII. fig. 17).

Apparently a very distinct species, by its antennae, the very feeble puncturation of
the thorax, and the delicacy of the series of punctures on the elytra. The metallic tint
of the latter is bronze-coloured and very distinct.

Hab. Kauai. High plateau ; 2 <?, i ? taken.

(24) Oodemas fiexirostre^ sp. nov.

Ovale, nigroaeneum, nitidum. Rostrum fortiter punctatum, ante medium fortius
decurvatum, apice haud dilatato. Antennarum articulus secundus et tertius subaequi-
longi. Pronotum nitidum, sat distincte punctatum. Elytra nitida, levissime striata,
striis remote parum fortiter punctatis, interstitiis subtiliter, nee dense, punctatis. Tarso-
rum anticorum lobi parvi. ^ (?). Long. 3*5 mm.

Very similar to O, leiothorax in most respects, but distinguished by the more
strongly curved rostrum, the much more distinct puncturation of the prothorax, and the
less fine punctures of the elytra.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft.). One example.

(25) Oodemas dubiosum, sp. nov.

Nigroaeneum, ovatum, elytris {$) subnitidis. Rostrum (saltern in media parte)
parce punctatum, apice haud dilatato. Antennae graciliores, articulo funiculi primo et
secundo subaequilongis (j), vel hoc longiore ($). Pronotum latum antice fortius angus-
tatum, subtiliter punctatum. Elytra striata, striis subfortiter punctatis, interstitiis dis-
tincte punctulatis. Tarsorum anticorum $ lobi parvi. Long, vix 4 — 4*5 mm.

COLEOPTERA

165

Three examples taken in the same locality and at the same time are referred to
this species, although they do not agree very closely in some respects. I have regarded
the two smaller, and partly shining, examples as t. the larger, which is entirely dull, as
the $.

The rostrum is narrow, the apex not at all dilated, the puncturation sparse
throughout, or at least down the centre. The antennae are slender, the first and
second joints of the funiculus in the t are not very elongate, subequal in length, or with
the second very slightly the longer. In the ? the difference between them is more
pronounced, the first being evidently less long than the second. The prothorax is
wide, dull, or at least not brightly shining, and finely punctured. Elytra somewhat
shining in the ^, quite dull in the ?, lightly striate in the former, much more distinctly
so in the latter, in which the punctures are decidedly coarse, more so than in the t-
The lobate third joint of the anterior tarsi is very small for the size of the species. The
metallic colour is more pronounced on the elytra than on the rest of the insect, and is
bronzy. The general form is rather robust, especially the $.

Hab. Kauai mountains (Makaweli, 3000 ft.).

(26) Oodemas striahimy sp. nov.

Aeneum, elongato-ovale, nitidum. Rostrum subnitidum, crasse punctatum, apice
baud dilatato. Antennae crassiusculae, funiculi articulo primo secundo evidenter
breviore. Pronotum sat latum, dense punctatum. Elytra nitida, basi submarginata,
fortissime striata, striis confertissime grosse punctatis, interstitiis convexis, conspicue
punctulatis. Tarsorum anticorum lobi sat magni. (An sexus .^) Long. 4*5 mm. (Plate
VIII. fig. 26.)

This is a most distinct species of a bright bronzy colour and of elegant form, the
elytra narrowing very gradually to the apex at a distance not far from their base.
Their strong striation, with coarse close punctures, and conspicuous interstitial punctura-
tion, together with the shape of the insect, readily distinguishes it from all others.

Hab. Kauai. A single example taken in the mountains behind Lihue (3000 ft.).

(27) Oodemas puncticolle, sp. nov.

Nigroaeneum, nitidum, oblongo-ovatum. Rostrum strigoso-punctatum, apice hand
dilatato. Oculi convexi. Antennarum articulus secundus brevis, tertius elongatus, illo
multo longior. Pronotum sat longum, crebre distincteque punctatum. Elytra nitida,
seriatim nee fortiter punctata, postice fere verticalia, apicibus late rotundatis, striis
obsoletis, interstitiis crebre conspicueque punctulatis. Tarsorum anticorum articulus
bilobatus parvus. (An sexus ?) Long. 4 mm.

22 — 2

1 66 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Apparently a very distinct species. The elytra are much more parallel-sided than
is usual in the genus (as in O, pulchrum, Sic), and are comparatively widely rounded at
the apex. The interstitial puncturation is very distinct, and the traces of striation are
very feeble even towards the apex. The metallic colouring is not very pronounced.

Hab. Kauai, Halemanu. One example taken.

(28) Oodemas purpurascens, sp. no v.

Robustum, oblongo-ovatum, nitidum. Rostrum rugoso-punctatum, apice haud
dilatato. Antennarum articulus secundus brevis, tertius hoc multo longior. Pronotum
sat longum, subtiliter densius punctatum. Elytra nitida, metallescentia, parum distincte
striata, seriatim grossius foveolatim-punctata, interstitiis plus minusve, (nonnunquam
crebre), punctulatis. Tarsorum anticorum ^ articulus tertius parvus. ^ $. Long.
4—5-25 mm.

The head and thorax are black with little or no metallic colouring, the elytra are
very distinctly metallic, of a dark colour inclining to purple. The interstices are very
faintly, sometimes hardly perceptibly, convex, their puncturation in the single t is faintly
impressed and not conspicuous as in the two females examined, but of the latter one has
the interstitial puncturation considerably more strongly developed than the other. The
^ is much smaller than either of the females. The species appears to be most nearly
allied to O, puncticolle, from which it differs in the colour, in its more robust form,
coarser punctures of the elytra, which are less vertical behind, and more pointed at the
apex, &c.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft.), 2 % ; near Makaweh (3000 ft.), i t-

(29) Oodemas pulchrum, sp. nov.

Elongatum, oblongo-ovatum, nitidum, laete aenescens. Rostrum ^ breve, ? sat
elongatum, rugoso-punctatum. Antennarum articulus secundus (praecipue $) fortiter
elongatus, tertius hoc longior. Elytra grosse seriatim foveolato-punctata, interstitiis
apicem versus subacute elevatis. Tarsorum anticorum t articulus secundus brevis,
haud latior quam pars dimidia art. tertii. ^ $. Long. 475 — 6 mm. (Plate VI IL

fig. 18.)

Shining, elongate, oblong ovate, prothorax bronze-coloured, elytra bright metallic
green. Rostrum very short in the ^, considerably longer in the female, rugosely punc-
tured. First joint of the funiculus of the antennae elongate, very strongly so in the ?,
the second joint generally still longer, but sometimes the two are nearly equal in length.
Prothorax shining, much narrowed in front, not very wide at the base. Elytra very
coarsely punctured, their surface brightly shining, the sides but little rounded, giving

COLEOPTERA 167

the insect a more parallel-sided appearance than is usual in the genus ; the striae on the
apical portion of the elytra are very deeply impressed, so that the interstices are narrow,
strongly convex, and almost sharp. In the Z the second joint of the front tarsi is small,
short and transverse^ about half as wide as the bilobate third joint.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft.) ; rare. This is an extremely distinct species by its bright
metallic colour, its extremely coarse elytral punctures, and its general form. In the
latter respect the following species closely resembles it

(30) Oodemas oblongum, sp. nov.

Praecedenti affine, nigrum, nitidum, parum aenescens, oblongo-ovatum. Rostrum
opacum, rugoso-punctatum. Antennarum articulus tertius secundo longior. Pronotum
nitidum, subtiliter punctatum antice angustatum. Elytra seriatim fortiter punctata,
postice striis quam praecedentis minus fortiter impressis. $ ?. Long. 575— 6'5 m"^-

(Plate VIII. fig. 19.)

Similar in form to the preceding, black, and only slightly aeneous. The great
difference in colour separates the two at once, as well as the finer puncturation of the
elytra of the present species, the punctures though less coarse being more definite in
form, and the striae towards the apex are less deeply impressed, the interstices conse-
quently standing out less sharply. The interstitial puncturation is fine, more or less
dense, and very distinct

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft); rare.

(31) Oodemas grande, sp. nov.

Nigrum, robustum, ovatum, parum distincte aenescens. Antennarum articulus
secundus et tertius sat elongati, subaequales, vel hoc longiore. Rostrum rugoso-
punctatum. Pronotum latum, nitidum, subtiliter punctatum. Elytra nitida, seriatim et
confertim fortiter punctata, interstitiis dense et distinctissime punctulatis, postice haud
convexim elevatis, striis vix videndis. ?. Long. 7 mm. (Plate VIII. fig. 20.)

A large robust elongate-oval species, black, with a slight aeneous tint. The
rostrum is rugosely punctured, rather long in the ?, the sides nearly parallel, or slightly
converging from the base. The two basal joints of the funiculus are both long, sub-
equal, or the second the longer. The prothorax is very wide at the base, strongly
narrowed in front, the surface shining, finely but distinctly punctured. Elytra shining,
the striation excessively feeble even to the apex, the punctures of the series moderately
large and close, the interstices densely and conspicuously punctured.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft); 2 ? taken. A very distinct species distinguished by its
large size, elongate basal joints of the funiculus, the rows of large punctures on the
elytra and dense and distinct interstitial puncturation.

1 68 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(32) Oodemas cortzcts, sp. nov.

Nigroaeneum, plus minus ve nitidum, elongato-ovatum, sat robustum. Rostrum
crebre punctatum, apice baud dilatato. Oculi convexi. Antennarum funiculi articulus
secundus primo longior. Pronotum latum, antice fortiter angustatum. Elytra crebre
punctulata, lateribus bisinuatis, punctis, quae majora sunt, seriatim dispositis, striis
parum distinctis, vel obsoletis. Lobi tarsorum anticorum parum magni. $ $. Long.
5— 7 mm. (Plate VIIL fig. 21.)

This species of which I have examined a great number of examples, is very
variable in almost every character. The rows of larger punctures on the elytra are
sometimes very distinct, with the punctures themselves closely set, sometimes much less
so, and the punctures remote from one another, or even for the most part obsolete.
These punctures are shallow and by no means coarse, but larger than those of the
interstices, which are nearly always well developed and distinct. Most examples have
the surface shining, some brilliantly so, others are nearly dull. In spite of the variation
exhibited, the species by its large size, and general form, &c., is one of those most easily
recognized on a casual inspection.

Hab. Lanai, Molokai mountains, and Maui on Haleakala. Very abundant under
the bark of trees.

(33) Oodemas pachysoma, sp, nov.

Ovatum, robustum, nigroaeneum, plerumque plus minusve nitidum. Rostrum
distincte punctatum, apice haud dilatato. Oculi convexi. Antennarum articulus secun-
dus et tertius subaequilongi. Pronotum latum, antice fortiter angustatum, subtiliter
punctatum. Elytra levissime vel vix striata, seriatim vix fortiter punctata, interstitiis
distincte subtiliter punctatis. Tarsorum anticorum utriusque sexus lobi parum magni.
t%> Long. 4*5 — 6 mm. (Plate VIIL fig. 22.)

A rather distinct looking species, of robust form, and not brightly aeneous. The
rostrum in the ^ is rather short, and wide at the base, becoming narrower towards the
apex. The elytra are (at least in the J) wide near the base, the sides being strongly
rounded from the shoulders. The sculpture is variable, consisting of rows of larger
punctures which are sometimes closely placed (i.e. the punctures in each row), but in
other examples are decidedly irregular. The interstitial puncturation is much more
dense in some examples than in others, but it is nearly always conspicuous. The lobate
third joint of the anterior tarsi is unusually small for the size of the species in both
sexes. The general surface is more or less shining, but there is considerable variation
in this respect.

Hab. Kauai mountains (4000 ft.).

COLEOPTERA 169

(34) Oodemas aeolosoma, sp. nov.

Ovatum, nitidum, elytris $ aenescentibus, ? subcupreo-nitentibus. Rostrum $
brevius, nitidum, subtiliter punctatum, apice baud dilatato. Antennae graciles, articulis
2 basalibus funiculi elongatis, subaequilongis. Oculi convexi. Pronotum ' nitidum,
subtiliter punctatum, antice fortiter angustatum. Elytra nitida, crebre punctulata',
punctis quae majora sunt, seriatim dispositis, striis levissimis, vel obsoletis. Tarsorum
anticorum lobi mediocres. $ %. Long. 4 — 4-5 mm.

This species is closely allied to the two preceding, but is a smaller and more
shining insect. The puncturation of the elytra shows some variation, the punctures
which are disposed in series being considerably coarser in some examples than in
others, the density of the interstitial puncturation also varies.

Hab. Kauai, a few examples taken in the mountains at an elevation of 4000 ft.

(35) Oodemas aenescens Bohem.

Oodemas aenescens Boh., Eug. Res. p. 138, t. 2, f. 6.
(Plate VIII. fig. 23.)

Hab. Oahu and Lanai mountains. Remarkable for the extremely coarse punctu-
ration of the base of the abdomen beneath. The length of the first and second joints of
the funiculus of the antennae is a little variable, sometimes one and sometimes the other
being slightly the longer.

(36) Oodemas angustum Blackburn.

Oodemas angustttm Blackb., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxi. p. 75.
Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains (Blackburn).

{Zl) Oodemas halticoides Blackburn.

Oodemas halticoides Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 5.
Hab. Oahu mountains, 2000 — 3000 ft. (Blackburn).

(38) Oodemas robiistimi Blackburn.

Oodemas robustum Blackb., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxi. p. 75.
Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains (Blackburn).

170 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(39) Oodemas insulare Blackburn.

Oodemas insulare Blackb., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxi. p. 74.
Hab. Oahu (Blackburn).

(40) Oodemas sculpturahtm Blackburn.

Oodemas sc2ilpturatum Blackb., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxi. p. 74.

(Plate VIII. fig. 24.)

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 — 5000 ft). Not rare.

(41) Oodemas nitidissimum^, sp. nov.

Nigroaeneum, nitidissimum, ovale. Rostrum subtiliter crebre punctatum, apice
baud dilatato- Antennarum articulus secundus fortiter elongatus, tertio bis longior.
Pronotum nitidissimum, subtiliter subobsolete punctatum, latum, antice fortiter angus-
tatum. Elytra levissime (parum distincte) striata, striis remote subtiliter punctatis,
interstitiis conspicue punctulatis. Long. 3*5 mm.

A very distinct species, easily known by the very long first joint of the funiculus of
the antennae, the highly polished surface, and puncturation of the elytra.

Hab. Oahu, a single example taken in the Waianae mountains in April 1892.

(42) Oodemas mauiense Blackburn.

Oodemas mauiense Blackb., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxi. p. 75.

(Plate VIII. fig. 25.)

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (Blackburn). I have taken this species on Molokai and
Hawaii in some numbers. It varies greatly in size, and otherwise. Examples from
Hawaii are generally much more shining than those from Molokai.

(43) Oodemas borrei Blackburn.

Oodemas borrei Blackb., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxi. p. 75.

This species is sometimes quite brightly shining, and varies greatly in size.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala, above the forest. Commonly found in company with
(9, nivicola (from 6000 — loooo ft.), attached to roots of grasses and low plants.

COLEOPTERA lyr

(44) Oodemas konanum, sp, no v.

Ovatum, robustum, nigroaeneum, opacum vel minus nitidum. Rostrum strigoso-
punctatum. Antennae graciles, minus breves, articulo funiculi primo brevi, quam
secundus evidenter breviore. Pronotum basi latum, opacum (rare subnitidum) subtiliter
punctatum. Elytra sat lata, subopaca, rarius nitida, grosse seriatim punctata, plerumque
obscure vel vix evidenter striata, interstitiis nonnunquam convexiusculis, baud dense
punctulatis. Long. 5 — 6 mm.

A large, wide, and robust species, generally dull, with the elytra a litde shining,
sometimes quite brightly so. The rostrum is so punctate as to have an appearance of
longitudinal strigosity, but in some examples this is less evident. Prothorax generally
quite dull from the microscopic rugulosity of the surface, finely, obscurely, and remotely
punctured. In a few examples the puncturation is more evident. Elytra with series
of coarse punctures, sometimes placed in evident striae, owing to the slight but evident
convexity of the interstices, but the striation is vague and shallow. In many examples,
however, there is little or no trace of interstitial convexity. The metasternum and base
of the abdomen beneath are coarsely punctured. In spite of the variation in detail of
the sculpture, this species is not difficult to recognize, by its large size and robust form,
and the more or less dull surface. It is perhaps most nearly allied to O, sculpturatum,
but that species is of shorter and more subquadrate form, and generally has the
interstices of the elytra more distinctly convex.

Hab. Hawaii, Kona district (4000 ft.). About 40 examples were taken.

(45) Oodemas multiforme, sp. nov,

Nigroaeneum, nitidum, ovatum. Antennae sat graciles et elongatae, articulo
funiculi primo minus elongato, quam secundus breviore. Elytra nitida, seriatim sat
grosse punctata, interstitiis punctulatis. Long. 3 — ^5 mm.

To the above species I refer all the specimens of Oodemas taken by me on Hawaii,
except the series of (9. konanum and a few specimens, which I consider a variety of that
distinct species O, 7nauiense. If I am right in my conclusions, the variation exhibited
by O. multiforme is much greater than that of any other species, so much so that the
extreme forms would not only appear to be totally distinct, but not even very closely
allied. When, however, a great many examples are compared, these extreme forms are
so connected by intermediates, as to make it impossible to decide where any line
of separation can be drawn. For this reason we have not attempted to draw up any
detailed description of the species, as such could apply to but a fraction of the examples
we have examined. ' Indeed apart from generic characters, there are probably none
which do not exhibit more or less variation. The brief description given above applies
to a common form of the insect, and a number of this form were taken at Kilauea,

F, H. II. ^3

172 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Hawaii. The chief points of variation which we have observed are as follows. Size
very variable, the largest examples being three or four times the bulk of the smallest.
Form sometimes robust, sometimes narrow and elongate, to some extent the variation
being probably due to sex, as it is usual in other species for the t to be shorter and
wider than the $. In some the elytra become a good deal wider either a little behind
the shoulders or still further back, while in some the curve of their sides is very even and
forms an almost regular continuation of that of the sides of the prothorax. The surface
of the insect is normally shining, others are less so, especially anteriorly, some are rarely
quite dull The rostrum varies in sculpture, sometimes it is finely and by no means
closely punctured, sometimes the puncturation is dense and rugose. The antennae,
which are slender, are not extremely variable, but they are longer in some examples
than in others, and there is no doubt that some have the first joint of the funicle more
slender and less short than others. The prothorax varies in width and in sculpture,
generally it is finely punctured, sometimes more strongly and closely, sometimes very
shining and almost or quite impunctate. The elytra are rarely dull, but frequently
instead of being merely sedately punctured, they have the punctures placed in evident
striae, and the individual punctures of the rows are often remote, but sometimes close
and regular, even in those near to the suture. Small examples from the Kona district
are often excessively shining and have the puncturation of the elytra much more sparse
and irregular. The eyes which normally are a little convex in a few specimens are
hardly so at all.

We have attempted the division of the species on nearly all these characters and
on minute differences in the rostrum, with the result that we have found that either a
number of species must be made, with very indefinite distinctions between them, or that
the whole series must be considered as one very variable species, which is possibly at
the present time in the process of dividing into several, the division as yet being quite
incomplete. It is of course possible that extended research into the habits etc. of some
of these forms might prove that the views we hold are erroneous, and that there are
really several variable species.

Hab. Hawaii, taken in various localities on both sides of the island from
2000 — 5000 ft.

(46) Oodemas infernum Blackburn.

Oodemas infernum Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. p. 199.

Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea (Blackburn). I think it doubtful whether this is not a
form of the preceding species, but as Mr Blackburn in his final consideration of the
species (Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 187) includes it in those, which have a long first joint
to the funiculus, whereas (9. multiforme appears to belong to those which have this joint
short, I have thought it safer to consider the two distinct.

COLEOPTERA 173

Anotheorus Blackburn.

(i) Anotheorus montanus Blackburn.

Anotheorus montanus Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag, xiv. p. 5.
Hab. Oahu mountains, on Acacia koa.

(2) Anotheorus ignavus Blackburn.
Anotheorus ignavus Blackb., op. cit, xvii. p. 201.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000—5000 ft.) ; var. on Lanai ; rare. This species
approaches very closely to the preceding, and both vary in the shape of the thorax,
and it is doubtful whether they are distinct. The Maui examples are most variable, and
a single specimen from Lanai agrees better with these than with the Oahuan form.

(3) Anotheorus robustus, sp. nov.

Nigroaeneus, robustus, antennis tarsisque plus minusve testaceis. Rostrum sub-
tilissime punctatum. Pronotum antice angustatum, plerumque nitidum, elytris multo
angustius. Elytra lata, striata, striis confertim punctatis, interstitiis creberrime punctu-
latis. Long, (rostr. inch) 6 — 8*5 mm. Lat. (exempli minim.) 3 mm. (Plate VI IL
fig. 27.)

Although this species, of which I have examined 80, or more, examples, varies
greatly in size, and sometimes in sculpture, its great size distinguishes it at once, the
smallest examples being of about twice the bulk of either of the preceding.

Hab. Kauai mountains ; common.

Fam. SCOLYTIDAE.

The Scolytidae are represented by twenty-six species, three only being at present
known to inhabit other countries, although some of the others will no doubt ultimately
be found to be Hkewise of foreign origin. Only three genera are represented, Xyleborus
with 19 species being the most extensive and important. There are six species of
Hypothenemus known, and one of Crossotarsus. The latter, C externedentatus, is
already known to occur elsewhere, as also is the Hypothenemus eruditus, and one of

23—2

174 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Xyleborus {X. con/usus). The greater number of the species of Xyleborus and Hypo-
thenemus are true forest insects and are no doubt peculiar to the islands. Owing to the
extreme sexual differences exhibited by the species of Xyleborus it is impossible in most
cases to unite the sexes from a mere inspection of the specimens, so that it is probable
that some of the males described will prove to belong really to females described under
another name, and therefore the species will be less numerous than they appear to be.
So far as is at present known most of the species of this genus are restricted each one
to a single island, and of those with a wider distribution some I suspect are not truly
indigenous — X. immaturus for example — and will prove to have been imported by man.
The species assigned to Hypothenemus are at present very imperfectly known, and
would appear to be rare insects, and it is doubtful whether, excluding H. eruditus, they
are true members of that genus. It may be remarked that in addition to the species
here enumerated a small Scolytid has been recently imported into the islands, and is said
to be very injurious to certain fruit-trees in some localities, but I neglected to collect or
examine this insect.

Tribe TOMICINL
Xyleborus Eichh.

(i) Xylebortts molokaiensis, sp. nov.

Elongatus, cylindricus, piceo-niger, setis aureis elongatis postice sparsim vestitus.
Elytra subopaca, sat distincte seriatim punctata, parte declivi juxta suturam utrinque
tuberculis minutissimis 2 vel 3, lineariter dispositis, munita. $. Long. 4*25 mm.

Distinguished by its large size and dull elytra, which bear on the apical declivous
portion two or three very minute tubercles on each side of and near to the suture, and
placed nearly in a line with one another. From the base of each of these tubercles
springs a long fine golden seta. Exterior to each of these series of tubercles may often
be detected one or two other excessively minute ones on either wing-case, and the
general surface of this posterior portion of the elytra under a very strong lens is
minutely asperulous.

Hab. Molokai, above 4000 ft. In the wet decaying wood of Ckeirodendron.

(2) Xyleborus kauazensis, sp. nov.

X, molokaiensi magnitudine et forma simillimus, elytrorum parte postica declivi
similariter tuberculis munita, sed colore testaceo vel rufo-testaceo, elytris sat evidenter
nitentibus distinguendus. ?. Long. 4 mm.

Hab. Kauai, Halemanu and above Waimea (4000 ft.). Four examples taken.

COLEOPTERA 175

(3) Xyleborus mautensis^ sp. nov.

Angustus, elongatus, cylindricus, niger, antennis pedlbusque testaceis. Elytra vix
nitida, seriatim punctata, puncturatione minus distincta, subobsoleta, postice setis pallidis
pluribus vestita, parte declivi suturam juxta tuberculis 4 vel 5 minutissimis, lineariter
dispositis, utrinque munita, et ubique minutisslme sat distincte asperula. %. Long,
3*2— 3-5 mm.

Closely allied to X, molokaiensis but much smaller and narrower, and with the
posterior declivous portion of the elytra with more numerous setae. This area has also
the appearance of being covered with rows of longitudinal and very minute asperities,
apparently due to the mode in which the punctures are impressed. The tubercles are
very minute, and form a row on each side near the suture, in each of which rows 3 to 5
tubercles can be distinguished on careful examination. The better developed ones are
usually those in the middle of the series. On either side exterior to these rows other
very obscure and minute tubercles may be sometimes distinguished.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft). On Cheirodendron.

(4) Xyleborus kawanensis, sp. nov.

Niger, antennis pedibus testaceis, baud nitidus, X. mauiensi cogn?itms\m\\s. Elytra
opaca, subobsolete seriatim punctata, parte declivi suturam juxta tuberculis minutissimis
2 vel 3 lineatim utrinque armata, pilis brevioribus parum conspicue vestita, vix asperula.
$. Long. 3 mm.

Apparently slightly less elongate than X. mauiensis, but extremely similar to it in
nearly all respects. It may be distinguished from that species by the decidedly less
hairy apical surface of the elytra, the hairs being less evident than those on the dorsal,
and the general surface of the declivous portion is moreover not distinctly covered with
very minute asperities.

Hab. Hawaii, Hilo (2000 ft.) ; four examples taken.

(5) Xyleborus truncatus Sharp.

Xyleborus truncatus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 192.

The elytra of this species are evidently shining, and it is smaller than any of the
preceding. I have seen only two examples besides the types, and they are both darker
than the latter, but otherwise nearly identical.

Hab. Oahu (Blackburn), Lanai, Hawaii, in the Kona district; one from
each locality.

Obs. The five species enumerated above are extremely closely allied, and almost
agree together in the character of the tubercles on the apical portion of the elytra, but
so far as I can decide on the scanty material examined, the various forms are readily

176 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

distinguished by the characters given. It may be noted that four of the species
apparently are limited in range to one or other of the islands, while the fifth has been
taken on three different islands. Of this group of species I have further seen three
examples, which appear to belong to none of the forms described above, nor yet do they
agree together themselves, but the material is quite insufficient for deciding as to the
specific value of the characters they exhibit.

(6) Xyleborus obliquus Sharp.

Xyleborus obliquus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, P- ^9^.

Hab. Oahu and Hawaii (Blackburn) ; I have not met with this species.

(7) Xyleborus lanaiensis, sp. nov.

Nigricans, parum nitidus, elongatus, cylindricus, antennis pedibusque testaceis.
Elytra subtiliter minus distincte punctata, postice sat abrupte declivia, parte declivi
utrinque suturam juxta tuberculis 2 fortioribus lineatim munita, et subdepressa. $.
Long. 3*6 mm.

Readily known from any of the preceding by the stronger development of the four
tubercles of the posterior declivous portion of the elytra, these tubercles being placed
two in a Hne on each side of and near to the suture, the upper pair near the com-
mencement of the declivity, the others near the apex. From the base of each pos-
teriorly springs a long fine seta, directed downwards and backwards. Outwardly to
these larger tubercles there are on each wing-case one or two considerably smaller
ones.

Hab. Lanai 2000 ft., January 1894. Three or four examples taken.

(8) Xyleborus stmillimus, sp. nov.

Praecedentl (X. lanaiensi) simillimus et cognatissimus, parte declivi elytrorum
eodem modo armata. Elytra subnitida, distinctius et minus subtiliter punctata, tuber-
culis 2 superioribus setas breviores ferentibus. $. Long. 3*4 mm.

Extremely like X. lanaiensis, but the elytra are somewhat striate, and the punctures
are decidedly larger and more distinct, the surface somewhat shining. Apical armature
much as in X, lanaiensis, the four larger tubercles being well-developed and there are a
minute pair anterior to the upper pair of these, but these may be more or less evident
in the preceding species also. The setae which spring from the base of the anterior
pair of the larger tubercles are evidently less developed than those in the same position
on X. lanaiensis,

Hab. Hawaii, above Hil9 (1800 ft.); two examples taken.

COLEOPTERA ^77

(9) Xylebortis oahuensis, sp. nov.

Nigricans, antennis pedibusque testaceis, spp. duabus praecedentibus simillimus,
sed paullo major. Elytra subtilissime sed subdistincte punctata, subnitida, parte declivi
depressiuscula, tubercuHs 6 sat distinctis, setas longas ferentibus, armata, horum 4
anterioribus curvatim dispositis. ?. Long, vix 4 mm.

Very like the preceding two species, having four well-developed tubercles similarly
disposed on the posterior portion of the elytra, two in a line on one side and two so
placed on the other side of and near to the suture. Behind the anterior tubercles on
either wing-case towards the side there is another distinct tubercle, these two and the
anterior pair being placed in a curve. These sublateral tubercles are well-developed
but smaller than the anterior and about equal to the posterior pair in size. From the
base of each of the tubercles posteriorly a long fine seta rises. There are no evident
smaller tubercles in this species.

Hab. Oahu. A single example was taken in the northern part of the Koolau
range, at an elevation of about 1000 ft

(10) Xyleborus dubiosus, sp. nov.

Castaneus, subnitidus, pedibus antennisque testaceis. Elytra subtilissime seriatim
punctata, parte declivi minus abrupta, tuberculis 2 minus fortibus lineariter dispositis
utrinque juxta suturam armata, necnon latera versus utrinque tuberculis aliis minutioribus
2 vel 3 lineariter dispositis munita, setis brevioribus. $. Long. 3*5 mm.

The single example above characterized is a very obscure species. The four larger
tubercles of the posterior declivous portion of the elytra are less strong than those of
the several preceding species, yet more so than those of the series ending with
X, truncatus. In front of the anterior pair of these there is a third pair smaller and ill-
developed, and in a line with the others. They are situated close to the suture just at
the beginning of the posterior declivity, and in the unique example are placed quite
obliquely and not opposite the one to the other. Besides this series there is a second
one of about three minute tubercles on each wing-case towards the side.

Hab. Maui. A single example was taken in the lao valley in 1894.

(11) Xylebo7^us confusus Eichhoff.

Xyleborus confusus Eichhoff, Ratio, Descr. emend. Tomicinorum (1879).
Xyleborus insularis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 193.

Hab. Oahu and Kauai (Blackburn) ; Oahu (both ranges), Maui, Kauai, Hawaii.
At elevations from 1500 — 4000 ft. above sea-level. We are indebted to Mr W. F, H.
Blandford for the identification of this species.

178 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(12) Xyleborus rugatus Blackb.

Xyleborus rugattis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. (1885), p. 192.
Hab. Oahu. A single specimen taken. (Blackburn.)

(13) Xyleborus frigidus Blackb.

Xylebortis frigidus Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 193.

Hab, Maui. A single specimen taken on Haleakala, 4000 ft. (Blackburn.)

(14) Xyleborus immaturus Blackb.

Xylebo7^us immahirtis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. 111. 1885, p. 193.

I have taken what is probably the $ of this insect. It is testaceous or rufotesta-
ceous in colour, but otherwise bears no resemblance to the %. Form short and robust,
the whole insect hardly twice as long as wide, longitudinally convex. Thorax very
narrowly rounded, or somewhat pointed, in front, of ovate form, truncate at the base.
The sculpture is very feeble, and there is none of the coarse rugosity in front such as is
seen in the $, and the clothing there consists of shortish and inconspicuous hairs.
Elytra short, rather longer than wide in dorsal aspect, rather distinctly substriate, the
striae finely punctured. There are no evident tubercles on their posterior portion.
Length hardly 2 mm.

Hab. Oahu and Hawaii (Blackburn) ; Hawaii in various localities.

(15) Xyleborus agamus^ sp. nov.

$ castaneus, parum elongatus, tibiis omnibus plus minus obscuratis, tarsis pallidis.
Pronotum magnum, antice acuminatum, ruguloso-punctatum, anterius et latera versus
pilis longis vestltum, lateribus sat fortiter rotundatis. Elytra parce pilosa, desuper
visa longiora quam latiora, haudquaquam striata, obscure confuse punctata, lateribus
subcompressis. $. Long. 2 mm.

The form of the thorax is much like that of the $ assigned to X, immaturus, but
its sculpture and clothing are very different, as also is the colour of the entire insect.
The elytra are different in form and sculpture, having no trace of striation, and the
punctures are very feeble and indistinct.

Hab. Lanai. Two examples were taken at an elevation of 3000 ft, in Jan. 1894.

COLEOPTERA i^g

(i6) Xyleborus exsectus, sp. nov.

Nigricans, elytrorum basi nonnunquam rufescente, pedibus antennisque rufes-
centibus vel testaceis. Pronotum suboblongum, antice sat profunda excisum, et in
processum latum, cujus apex truncatus, productum, lateribus pilis vestitis. Elytra
leviter striata, striis subtiliter punctatis, setis parce vestita, parte declivi baud tuber-
culata. (?. Long. 3*2 mm.

Hab. Maui. Three examples taken on Haleakala (5000 ft). One of these is of
a testaceous colour and is no doubt immature.

{ 1 7) Xyleborus vulcanus, sp. nov,

t nigricans, elytris thoracisque basi subpiceis, pedibus testaceis, oblongus. Pro-
notum parum distincte sculpturatum, elytris vix latius, lateribus parallelis, setis elongatis
aureis parce vestitis, anterius excisum, et in processum triangularem productum. Elytra
sat elongata, rugulosa, vix evidenter punctata, parte declivi tuberculo minutissimo
suturam versus utrinque munita. ^. Long. 2*5 mm.

Much smaller than the preceding species, and very distinct by the pointed process
of the pronotum. The posterior declivous portion of the elytra is somewhat abrupt,
and on its upper portion on either side of the suture an excessively minute tubercle can
be seen, each of which is furnished with a longish seta at its base, while some even
more minute and hardly visible tubercles are placed in a transverse line with these.

Hab. Hawaii. A single example taken at Kilauea.

(18) Xyleborus littoralis, sp. nov.

t castaneus, pronoto plus minus nigricante, pedibus testaceis, oblongus. Species
prima facie X. vulcano simillima, sed major, et minus angusta, pronoto antice fere
similariter producto. Elytra substriata, grossius distincte seriatim punctata, parte
declivi juxta suturam utrinque tuberculis minutissimis 2 vel 3 lineariter dispositis,
aliisque paucis vel minutioribus et obscuris, munita, ^. Long. 3 mm.

Easily distinguished from X, vulcanus by the substriate and somewhat coarsely
punctured elytra, and the more numerous and rather more developed tubercles of the
posterior truncation. These tubercles form two series on each side, those nearest the
suture, though very minute, being fairly distinct, those external and subparallel to these
are very minute and obscure.

Hab. a single example taken at sea level on Molokai, July 1893.
F. H. II. 24

i8q fauna hawaiiensis

(19) Xyleborus ignobilis, sp. nov.

Nigricans, thorace nonnunquam obscure testaceo vel piceo, antennis pedibusque
testaceis. Pronotum fere ad basim rugulosum, antice setis pallidis vestitum, lateribus
rotundatis haudquaquam parallelis. Elytra plus minus obsolete seriatim punctata,
setis pallidis brevibus, lineariter dispositis, vestita, postice baud abrupte declivia, parte
declivi tuberculis nullis munita, nee impressa. Long. 27 mm.

This insect bears little resemblance to any other Hawaiian species of the genus,
the elytra being simply rounded off behind and not at all abrupt, nor tuberculated, but
sculptured as on the dorsal surface. The prothorax becomes gradually less rough
from the front margin backwards, but it is more or less asperulous or rugulose to
very near the basal margin, near which the rugulosities have a somewhat concentric
arrangement.

Hab. Hawaii. Three examples taken, each in a different locality, two on the
windward and one on the lee side of the island (2000 ft.).

Hypothenemus Westw.

(i) Hypothenemus eruditus Westw.

Hypothenemus eruditus Westwood, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, i. p. 34 ; Sharp, op. cit,
1879, p. 102.

Hab. Oahu ; Honolulu (Blackburn).

(2) Hypothenemus maculicollis Sharp.

Hypothenemus maculicollis Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, Pt. L p. loi.
Hab. Oahu; mountains near Honolulu (Blackburn). I did not collect this

species.

(3) Hypothenemus griseus Blackb.

Hypothenemus griseus Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 194.

Hab. Oahu ; a single specimen taken on the plains near Honolulu (Blackburn).

COLEOPTERA i8i

{4) Hypothenemus sylvicola, sp. nov.

Minus elongatus, cylindricus, pallide testaceus, capite et pronoto plus minusve
infuscatis, Pronotum subtilissime granulato-sculpturatum, parte anterlore asperata,
opacum, parce pubescens. Elytra pallida, setis pallidis vestita, subtilissime vix evi^
denter punctata, baud evidenter striata. Long, i -5 mm.

In colour this species must greatly resemble H. griseus Blk., but that species has
the elytra deeply striate. In some examples the asperities of the prothorax are but few,
in others they are much closer and more numerous, and I suspect that the difference is
sexual. The sculpture otherwise is excessively feeble and consists of a very dense
and excessively minute granulation or puncturation, not definitely distinguishable even
with a very strong lens. The clothing of the elytra consists of short pale setae, which
in certain aspects appear to have a linear arrangement, and also of some longer fine
hairs, which are particularly noticeable at the sides about the apex.

Hab. Lanai, 2000 ft. several examples. — Kauai, 4000 ft, one example taken.
The latter has the thorax entirely pale and concolorous with the elytra.

(5) Hypothenemus insularis, sp, nov.

Cylindricus, angustulus, sat elongatus, niger, antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-
testaceis. Pronotum anterius fortiter asperulum et parce setosum, posterius opacum,
subtilissime granulatum (an punctulatum ?). Elytra setis brevibus griseis conspicue
vestita, sat elongata (circa bis longiora quam basi latiora), evidenter punctata. Long,
r — I '4 mm.

Allied to H. ruficeps, but very different in superficial appearance, owing to its
entirely black colour. The punctures on the elytra are not so very fine, but they are
ill-defined. Apparendy they are more or less serially arranged, but not in the definite
manner seen in the last species, in fact the puncturation appears somewhat rugose.

Hab. Kauai. Two examples were taken at Makaweli, above 2000 ft.

(6) Hypothenemus ruficeps, sp. nov.

Cylindricus, sat elongatus, capite et pronoto rufescentibus, elytris nigris. Pronotum
anterius sat fortiter asperulum, postice opacum et parum distincte sculpturatum, parce
pubescens. Elytra nitida, setis brevibus griseis sat conspicue (postice saltern) vestita,
subobsolete striata, striis subgrosse punctatis. Long. 1*5 mm.

Distinct by the red head and prothorax, and black elytra. The punctures on the
latter are somewhat coarse but not very definite, and are placed in subobsolete striae.
The short whitish setae are dense and conspicuous on the posterior portion of the
elytra, less so in front, but they have been partly abraded on this part.

Hab. Oahu ; Kaala, Waianae range (2000 ft.) ; one example taken.

24 — 2

1 82 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Tribe PLA TYPINL

Crossotarsus Chapuis.

(i) Crossotarsus externedentatus Fairm.

Crossotarsus externedentatus Fairmaire, Rev. Zool. 1850, p. 51.

Hab. Oahu ; Honolulu (Blackburn). — I cut a pair of this species out of a
hard trunk of Acacia koa, at an elevation of 1000 ft. in the northern part of the
Koolau range.

Fam. ANTHRIBIDAE.

The Anthribidae are very poorly represented in the islands, only three species
having occurred. Two of these species are at present not known from elsewhere,
and one of them constitutes a peculiar genus, but there is little doubt that all are foreign
insects, and will ultimately be found in other countries.

Araeocerus Schonherr.
(i) Araeocerus fasciculatus De Geer.

Curculio fasciculatus De Geer, Ins. v. 276, t, 16, fig. 2.

Hab. Abundant all over the islands in the mountains. The large number of
constant varieties in markings, as well as the great variation in size of this species is
remarkable.

(2) Araeocerus const ans, sp. no v.

A, fasciculato simillimus sed statura majore, totus dense griseo-pubescens, haud
variegatus, tarsis anterioribus t robustioribus, et tarsis ? longioribus distinguendus.
Long, circa 5 mm.

Very closely allied to A, fasciculatus, but larger than the larger examples of that
species, not varying much in size, and uniformly covered with dense grey pubescence.
In colour the integument is blackish and reddish fuscous, the antennae towards the
base and the tibiae are more or less red. When the pubescence is removed, the
pronotum is seen to be dull and very densely punctured, and the elytra bear each about
ten rows of very distinct and regular punctures, the interstices having a dense shallow
and very minute rugulose puncturation. Both sexes may be distinguished structurally
from A, fasciculatus by the thicker anterior tarsi, so that the t of the latter rather
resembles the % of the former, and these parts are longer in the % oi A, cons tans.

Hab. Hawaii, Kona ; on the coast ; found in the flowers of the white poppy.

COLEOPTERA 183

Mauia Blackb.
(i) Mauia satelles Blackb.
Mauia satelles Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, P- 195.

Hab. Maui; Wailuku valley, where one specimen was taken by Blackburn.
I have not met with this species.

Fam. PROTERHINIDAE.

This remarkable family is peculiar to the Hawaiian islands, and all the species, of
which 122 are at present known, are assigned to the genus Proterhinus, These species
exhibit so much diversity in structure that the extreme forms would appear to be
certainly generically distinct, but they are so connected by intermediate forms, that it is
inadvisable to attempt a further division of the genus until the species are more
thoroughly known. At present, owing to the great number of the species, the close
alliance between many of them, their variability, and the great sexual differences, the
mere separation of the species is attended with the greatest difficulty. The figures on
Plates IX. and X. will show to some extent the diversity in structure and appearance
exhibited by these insects, and the specimens figured have been chosen for this purpose,
rather than with a view to exhibiting the minute distinctions between closely allied
species — an almost hopeless task in dealing with insects so variable both in structure
and in superficial appearance.

In the Cambridge Natural History in the classification of the Coleoptera Dr Sharp
leaves the Proterhinidae as well as the somewhat similar insects comprised in the
family Aglycyderidae unclassified. The former have much more the appearance of
Rhynchophora than the latter, since the beak is always distinct and definite in
Proterhinus y at least in the female sex. In the <? however it is hardly more than a
simple prolongation of the head, and only very rarely does the rostral portion attain a
length greater than its width. The female beak on the other hand is in most cases
elongate, and on account of its shining surface and absence of squamosity extremely
definite. It is noteworthy that in a considerable number of species, which have the
rostrum in the $ below the average in development, the rostrum of the ^ is above the
average, so that the sexual differentiation is less than usual, and I believe that these
species are the more primitive, and their resemblance to the members of the Aglycyde-
ridae is greater than that of the other forms. The Proterhinidae are however always
distinct from Aglycyderes by the definite rostrum of the $, and by the structure of the
tarsi which are really four-jointed, the small division at the base of the claw-joint, being
a true joint and not a mere constriction as in Aglycyderes, With regard to the

1 84 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

structure of the prothorax in these insects to which considerable importance was
attached by Dr Leconte, who regarded Proterhinus as belonging to the Rhynchophora
and Aglycyderes as related to the Colydiidae (see quotation from a letter, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond. 1879, Pt L p. 78), it may be noticed that the differentiation between the
dorsal surface and flanks is much more marked in a few species than in the majority of
Proterhinus, which, as Sharp (/. c, p. 80) has remarked, is also the case with the two
species of Aglycyderes, the New Zealand species having the differentiation between the
parts of the prothorax less definite than the Canarian species.

The characters which I have found most useful in the separation of the species are
the nature of the clothing, the size and form of the eyes and of the lobes of the front
tarsi, the condition of the humeral angles of the elytra, the shape of the prothorax, the
length of the antennal joints, and the development of the club (or 3 apical joints), and
the puncturation of the abdomen beneath. In few species are any of the characters
constant, when a long series of examples are examined, the size of the individuals being
extremely variable, and these depauperated examples often have the structures charac-
teristic of the species much modified. For these reasons I have not found it easy to
identify the numerous species hitherto described, although through the kindness of
Dr Sharp I have been able to carefully examine the types of all the species described
by him. The description of most of these species was drawn up from only one or two
examples, and except in the case of a few of the most distinct species, such material is
quite inadequate for an accurate knowledge of the species. In several cases when
I have referred a species taken by myself to one already described by Dr Sharp, I have
not been able exactly to match the types with any individual even in a series of
specimens, and it is probable that this is due to the specimens having been captured in
a slightly different locality to that whence the typical examples came, but it is of course
possible that some of the species have themselves undergone slight changes during the
last quarter of a century.

Of the 122 species known 8 only appear to extend their range beyond a single
island, and in few, if any, of these do the examples from different islands altogether
agree, while several of these species inhabit only two of the closely adjoining inter-
mediate islands of the group. Of the species that restrict their range to a single island
Kauai has 29, Oahu 28, Maui 27, Lanai 9, Molokai 9, and Hawaii 12. To facilitate
the discrimination of the species I have arranged the species in seven divisions, one for
each island and comprising the species peculiar to it, the seventh containing the few
species which are found on more than one island.

Nearly all the species are attached to the dead or dying wood of the forest trees,
and the individuals frequently congregate in small batches beneath the bark, in which
the larvae feed, and they are very sluggish in their habits. Several are found in the
stems of tree-ferns, and one or two are attached to smaller ferns {Pteris etc.), while a
few live on small shrubs and woody creepers.

COLEOPTERA 185

A. Species insulae Kauai propriae.

(i) Proterhinus gigas^ sp. nov.

Robustus, pallide squamosus, nigricans, antennis, pedibus elytrisque saepe plus
minusve rufescentibus. Oculi magni, fortiter prominentes. Antennae graciliores,
articulis elongatis, tertio quam secundus bis longiore. Pronotum inaequale, 3-impressum,
rugoso-punctatum, antice constrictum, pallide squamosum, margine antico lateribusque
setis curvatis vestitis. Elytra lata, squamis pallidis necnon setis erectis, sat conspicuis,
vestita, basi juxta scutellum utrinque tuberculata, humeris fortiter productis. Pedes
setis erectis conspicue vestiti. Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale circa medium

obsoletissime, latera versus et ad basim fortiter punctatum. t ?. Long. 4 5-5 mm.

{Plate IX. fig. I, ^.)

This large species can hardly be confused with any other, although it varies
considerably in size and in other respects. The 8th joint of the antennae is sometimes
a little longer, sometimes a little shorter than the 9th, and generally they are subequal
In a few examples out of a long series the 8th is considerably the shorter of the two, as
is usual in most species of the genus. The surface of the elytra, except for the
depression formed between the shoulders and the tubercle on either side of the
scutellum, is nearly evenly convex.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft.). Under bark of Cheirodendron only.

(2) Proterhinus crassicornis, sp. nov.

Forma, facie, et magnitudine fere praecedentis, sed antennis brevioribus, articulis
multo crassioribus, abdominis segmento i"^ ventrali circa medium fortiter et distincte
punctato, bene distinctus. $.

Hab. Kauai mountains (2000 — 3000 ft). Only two examples were taken, owing
to the erroneous supposition that they were identical with those of the preceding
species, which is found on the high plateau of the same island.

(3) Proterhinus anthraciaSy sp. nov.

Niger, vel piceo-niger, latus, antennis pedibusque saepe rufescentibus. Oculi
magni, prominentes. Antennae graciliores, scapo brevi, articulo secundo tertioque una
conjunctis multo breviore, clava gracili. Pronotum antice fortiter et abrupte constrictum
(vel nonnunquam tantum angustatum), anteriusque profunde foveatum, angulis posterio-
ribus macula pallida squamosa sat conspicue signatis. Elytra lata, maculatim squamosa,

1 86 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

setisque erectis et elongatis vestita, fortiter punctata, humeris productis. Abdominis
segmentum primum ventrale, vel ad medium, grosse fortiterque punctatum. ^ $.
Long. 3—475 n^^n-

A species of wide and somewhat depressed form, rather scantily clothed with
squamosity, forming in fresh examples a number of roundish spots on the elytra, which
also bear pale erect setae. The scape of the antennae is not long, being evidently
shorter than the two following joints united. Second joint evidently longer than wide,
but very much shorter than the third. All the other joints elongate, the 8th shorter
than the gth, the latter with the two following forming the long and slender club. Eyes
large and prominent. Thorax usually strongly and abruptly constricted in front, but
variable in this respect. In front there is a deep and conspicuous impression, and
sometimes two lateral, and one posterior (near the hind-margin about the middle)
as well, but all except the anterior one may be obsolete. The posterior angles of the
thorax are very clearly marked, being covered with a spot of dense pale squamosity.
Elytra wide, roughly punctured, generally more or less flattened, the sides somewhat
strongly rounded, the shoulders prominent. Lobes of the front tarsi only moderate in
size, or even small for the size of the insect. Whole body beneath coarsely and closely
punctured.

Hab. Kauai, widely distributed and not rare (2500 — ^4000 ft.). Remarkable for
its dark colour, wide form, the distinct spots of squamosity on the posterior angles of
the thorax, and the clothing of the elytra, which consists of long fine erect setae, and
numerous, often rather ill-defined, spots of appressed scales.

(4) Proterhinus eugoniaSy sp. nov.

Sat latus, nigricans, piceus, vel rufescens, pallide squamosus. Antennae graciles,
clava sat evidenter 3-articulata. Oculi parum fortiter prominentes. Pronotum profunde
3-impressum. Elytra sat lata, convexa, parte basali depressa, minus fortiter nee dense
punctata, pallide squamosa, setisque erectis parce vestita, humeris late ac fortissime
productis. Segmentum abdominis primum (saltem ad medium) vix evidenter punctatum.
^ %, Long. 2 — 3*5 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 2, $.)

This species is allied to P. basalts Sh. It varies greatly in size but is a smaller
insect than the other. The form is wide and somewhat short, the colour varies from
black to red. The squamous covering is of a golden or silvery colour.

Antennae moderately long, slender, generally clear red with the apical joints dark,
the club distinctly formed of three joints but rather slender and elongate. Eyes
moderately large, but not at all strongly prominent ; no ridge between the vertex and
front of head. Thorax with three very deep impressions, the anterior the largest ;
immediately in front of each of the posterior ones the squamosity forms a dense patch,

COLEOPTERA 187

different to the general covering. Elytra short, seen from the side strongly convex
longitudinally, with golden or greyish appressed squamosity, and sparse erect white
setae, which are chiefly found towards their apex, the basal portion is transversely
flattened or depressed. Humeral angles widely and extremely strongly produced.
Tibiae, tarsi, and sometimes the femora, red ; lobes of the front tarsi of moderate size.
Basal segment of the abdomen beneath with the puncturation obsolete, at least over its
middle portion. Hind coxae widely separated, the distance between them considerably
greater than the length of the metasternum.

Hab. Kauai mountains (4000 ft). Differs from P. basalis Sh. in the smaller
average size, more strongly produced humeral angles of the elytra, their less numerous
erect setae, and the patches of dense squamosity in front of the posterior impressions of
the thorax. Both species vary much, but no doubt they are distinct.

(5) Proterhimts basalis Sharp.

Proterhinus basalis Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc, London, 1879, p. 98.

I have examined a series of examples of this species. The humeral angles of the
elytra are a good deal more strongly produced in some individuals than others. The
squamous covering is sometimes of a ferruginous colour, but more often greyish. The
shape of the thorax is variable, but usually is more or less abruptly constricted in front.
The length of the insect varies from 2*5 — 4 mm.

Hab. Kauai mountains (2000—4000 ft.) ; not common, but widely distributed.

(6) Proterhinus dubiosus, sp. nov.

Sat latus, rufescens vel piceus, aureo-squamosus. Oculi parum fortiter prominentes.
Antennarum articuli 3 apicales clavam formantes, Pronotum sat evidenter 3-impressum.
Elytra lata, aureo-squamosa, minus fortiter nee dense punctata, basali parte plus minusve
impressa, scutellumque juxta utrinque tuberculata, setis erectis paucis, brevibus et
inconspicuis, humeris fortiter acute productis. Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale
ad medium vix evidenter punctatum. t ?. Long. 2 — 3*2 mm.

The above characters are drawn up from typical examples, but as a matter of fact
almost all the structures vary in this species, and series of individuals from different
localities nearly always present more or less considerable differences. Thus in the
typical examples the antennae are somewhat stout, the club distinctly of three rather
wide joints. In some localities the antennae are decidedly more elongate and slender.
The squamosity appears to be always of a golden colour. The thorax has three impres-
sions and is not very densely squamose. The elytra have the humeral angles strongly

F. H. II. ^5

1 88 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

and acutely produced, their basal portion is more or less flattened or impressed (not
very definitely so as in P, basalis), they have only a few short and inconspicuous erect
setae, are rather finely and not very densely punctured, and are evenly convex trans-
versely, except at the base. The lobes of the tarsi are of moderate size. The basal
abdominal segment is hardly visibly punctured, at least on its middle portion. Examples
of this species taken at low elevations (2000 ft.), differ from typical ones in all or some
of the following characters. The antennae are shorter and thicker, the insect is of
narrower form, the elytra have the humeral angles less produced, and are less impressed
at the base, while the front tibiae are often extremely short and wide. Some of the
abnormal individuals taken with typical examples however possess some of these
characters.

Hab, Kauai. Common above Waimea at an elevation of 4000 ft. The
examples most aberrant in one direction come from Halemanu (4000 ft.), in the other
from Makaweli (2000 ft.).

(7) Proterhinus difficilis, sp. no v.

Rufescens vel piceus, sat latus, minus dense pallide squamosus. Antennae graci-
liores. Oculi haud fortiter prominentes. Pronotum minus dense squamosum, 3-im-
pressurn, antice saepe abruptius constrictum. Elytra pallide squamosa, setisque erectis
brevibus sed conspicuis vestita, longitudinaliter obscure carinata, humeris productis.
Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale circa medium sparsim subobsolete punctatum.
$ $. Long. 2-25 — 3*5 mm.

In form and general appearance very similar to P, dtibiosus but a rougher
insect. The squamosity is less appressed, the erect setae of the elytra are more
numerous, their puncturation is more pronounced, and the surface less even, there being
traces of longitudinal ridges extending back from the shoulders. These ridges in fresh
examples are rendered more distinct by the squamosity which is somewhat condensed
along them. The humeral angles are less strongly produced forwards than in well-
developed examples of P, dubiosus. The examination of a series of individuals of both
species is necessary for an appreciation of the specific characters, as both vary greatly
in size, and in the development of the structural characters which distinguish them.

Hab. Kauai mountains. Less common than P, dubiosus.

(8) Proterhinus eulepis, sp. no v.

Sat latus, nigricans, elytris rufescentibus, nigro-maculatis. Antennae graciles sat
elongatae. Pronotum squamis appressis vestitum, angulis posterioribus distinctis,
maculaque pallida squamosa signatis. Elytra squamosa, setisque erectis brevioribus

COLEOPTERA jg^.

palHdis vestita, minus dense punctata, humeris acutis et productis. Abdominis segmen-
tum primum ventrale vel ad medium fortiter et distincte punctatum. ^ ?. Long.
2*5 — 3*25 mm. ; van minor, 175—2 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 3. $,)

This is another variable species, very closely resembling typical P. dubiostis in form.
The antennae are slender and rather long, the three-jointed club being also slender.
The thorax is covered with squamosity, and has sometimes three impressions, but the
two posterior ones may be obsolete. Its hind angles are a little prominent, and
rendered more distinct by bearing a spot of pale squamosity, which is more dense' than
that of the general surface. The elytra appear to be always red, more or less spotted
with black, the black spots being free from squamosity. They are nearly evenly
convex in shape, the basal tubercles near the scutellum being absent or very ill-
developed, their basal margin is rather deeply and regularly emarginate, so that the
shoulders are produced and acute, and are free from the base of the thorax. The erect
setae are short and white, but rather conspicuous in fresh examples, especially at the
sides of the elytra. The puncturation is not very dense. All the femora are strongly
clavate. Beneath, the basal abdominal segment is strongly and distinctly punctured,
although towards the middle the punctures are more remote than at the sides. Very
small examples (van minor) apparently referable to this species are not infrequent, but
there appears to be no good character to separate them, unless the more obsolete
puncturation of the base of the abdomen beneath should prove constant.

Hab. Kauai mountains (4000 ft.).

(9) Proterhinus neglectus, sp. nov.

Rufo-piceus, sat latus, elytris rufescentibus, nigro-maculatis. Antennae totae rufae,
sat elongatae, sed crassiusculae, clava distincte 3-articulata. Pronotum aureo-squamosum,
antice fortiter impressum, dense rugoso-punctatum, postice minus fortiter angustatum,
angulis posterioribus sat distinctis. Elytra minus dense punctata, submaculatim squa-
mosa, setisque brevibus pallidis vestita, sat lata, humeris acutis, evidenter productis.
Femora omnia fortiter incrassata. Z ?• Long. 2 '8 — 3*2 mm.

This species has very much the form and general appearance of large typical
examples of P. eulepis. In the two examples taken the anterior thoracic impression is
large and distinct, the others are obsolete. The hind angles are distinct, and appear to
be marked by spots of denser squamosity than that of the rest of the thorax. The
elytra are nearly evenly convex, there being little or no trace of the tubercles at the
base near the scutellum, but they are a little flattened transversely behind their basal
margin. The humeral angles are acute and formed like those of P, eulepis. From
that species P, neglechis is at once distinct by the thicker antennae, the intermediate

25 — 2

I90 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

joints being quite stout, whereas in the other they are very slender. This seems to be
the only good character to distinguish the two, and it may be observed that the specific
differences between P, gigas and P, crassicornis are quite similar.

Hab. Kauai. A single pair (? ?) were taken together on the high plateau in
April, 1895.

(10) Prote7^hinus collaris Sharp.

Proterhinus collaris Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 96.

This species is very similar in form and general appearance to P. eulepis, but may
be distinguished by the unusual length of the scape of the antennae. The second joint
is very short, the third elongate and slender. In the t the eyes are unusually remote
from the anterior margin of the thorax. The squamosity of the elytra appears to be
much broken up to form roundish spots. The thorax is decidedly elongate. In their
systematic catalogue Blackburn and Sharp have sunk this species as a variety of
P. nigricans^ but I cannot think the two are identical, P, collaris being a larger insect,
and very different in general appearance, the t having relatively smaller eyes, and much
more remote from the thorax, while the basal joint of the antenna in the $ is much
more elongate and more slender, than in P. nigricans ?.

Hab. Kauai mountains (Blackburn). I have not met with this species, and have
seen only the two types in Dr Sharp's possession, and two or three individuals in the
British Museum from Blackburn's collection.

(11) Proterhinus amaurodes, sp. nov.

Statura parva, vel saepe minima, nigricans vel rufo-piceus. Antennae sat graciles.
Pronotum dense rugoso-punctatum, parum squamosum, antice impressum, hand con-
strictum, lateribus rotundatis. Elytra obscure sed dense punctata, ad humeros macula
pallida squamosa, et postice maculis rotundatis compluribus ornata, humeris plus minusve
productis, semper acutis et distinctis, setis erectis inconspicuis et brevissimis. Tarsorum
lobi parvi. Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale subfortiter punctatum. t ?• Long.
1-5 — 2-5 mm.

In well-developed examples this is rather a distinct little species. The squamosity
of the thorax is sparse, and that of the elytra is much broken up, forming distinct spots.
There is always a distinct patch extending back from the humeral angles, and a number
of roundish spots on the posterior parts of the elytra. The antennae are moderately
long and slender, with 3-jointed club. There is usually a distinct impression on the
thorax in front, the posterior impressions being absent or nearly obsolete. The humeral

COLEOPTERA 191

angles of the elytra are always sharp and distinct, and in well-developed examples
evidently, though not strongly, produced. The lobes of the front tarsi are small. The
colour of the insect is typically black, the squamosity of the elytra being placed on paler
(piceous or reddish) spots, but in many examples (especially from certain localities), the
whole elytra are rufo-piceous or reddish. The species appears to be allied to P.
vestitus,

Hab. Kauai. Common generally (from 2000 — 4000 ft). Often so covered with
a wax-like excretion as to be only recognizable after the most careful cleaning.

(12) Proterhinus nigricans Sharp.

P7^oterhinus nigricans Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc, London, 1879, p. 95.

In its typical condition this species is remarkable for the size of the basal joint of
the antennae in both sexes, that of the t being also considerably longer than is usual in
the genus. I have not met with any examples that altogether agree with the types, but
one ^ has the antennae similarly formed, while its eyes are somewhat smaller. Others
which have the eyes as in the type have the basal joint of the antennae less developed.
The colour of the elytra varies from black to reddish-pitchy with black markings. The
squamosity of the thorax is not dense, but the posterior angles are distinctly marked by
a small dense spot of pale scales. The species is no doubt distinct, although closely
allied to P, amaurodes, collaris, &c., with which it agrees in the strong puncturation of
the basal ventral segment of the abdomen.

Hab. Kauai. On Waialeale, 3000 ft. (Blackburn). Makaweli (2000— 3000 ft.),
and behind Waimea (4000 ft.). Apparently not common.

(13) Proterhinus binotatus, sp. nov.

Rufescens, capite thoraceque saepe obscuratis, elytris plaga utrinque magna nigri-
cante maculatis. Antennae nigrae articulis basalibus rufescentibus, clava baud abrupte
3-articulata. Pronotum ex majore parte parce squamosum, latera versus densius
squamoso-maculatum, rugoso-punctatum, antice subimpressum. Elytra, partibus nigri-
cantibus exceptis, pallide squamosa, setisque brevissimis, albidis, et erectis vestita,
angulis humeralibus parum productis, sed distinctis, et subacutis. Pedes omnes setis
brevibus erectis vestiti, lobis tarsorum anticorum magnitudine mediocribus. Abdominis
segmentum primum ventrale minus distincte punctatum. t ¥• Long. 2*2 — 2'6 mm.

This obscure species appears to be closely allied to P, simplex Sh. of Oahu, but it
is readily distinguished from the well-developed examples of that species. The elytra

192 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

are widely red at the base, and covered with pale squamosity, generally over a sub-
triangular area ; behind this are two large blackj or dark, lateral spots, extending nearly
to the suture, and free from squamous covering ; the apical portion is often more or less
infuscate, and the squamosity broken up into spots.

Hab. Kauai mountains (4000 ft.) ; found very sparingly on several occasions.

(14) Proterhinus scutatus Blackb.

Proterhinus scutatus Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. iir. 1885, p. 169.

I have taken only three or four examples of this species, which mostly quite agree
with those collected by Mr Blackburn. This insect is much less clothed with squamosity
than most of the species, the thorax being nearly bare, and the elytra in fresh examples
very little squamose, except for two longitudinal lines extending backwards from their
shoulders ; but the latter bear numerous short and rather thick erect setae, which are
pale in colour and quite conspicuous. In structure this species closely resembles some
examples of P. simplex, but it is no doubt distinct.

Hab. Kauai, 2500 ft. (Blackburn) ; (2000 — 4000 ft.), in the Waimea district.

(15) Proterhinus setulosus, sp. nov.

Ferrugineus, elongatus, angustulus, setulis erectis brevibus vestitus, elytris non-
nunquam nigro-maculatis. Antennae plerumque breviores, concolores, rufae. Rostrum
% breve, fortiter longitudinaliter rugosum, paullo vel baud longius quam latius. Prono-
tum minus latum, plerumque plus minusve evidenter 3-impressum, setis appressis parce,
aliisque erectis, vestitum. Elytra fortiter elongata, lateribus subparallelis, subseriatim
punctata, setis brevibus erectis vestita, vix aequaliter convexa, angulis humeralibus
distinctis, paullo productis, vel fere rectis. Femora postica parum fortiter clavata,
tarsorum anticorum lobis parvis. t ?• Long. 2*5 — 3 mm.

In its rufescent colour, elongate elytra, and the absence of squamosity, this species
somewhat resembles the P. longulus Sh. of Oahu, and the other species allied thereto.
It is however more nearly allied to P, blackburni Sh. &c., the second joint of the
antennae in certain aspects being not much shorter (though more robust) than the
third, and the short rostrum of the $ is coarsely sculptured. The seven or eight
examples taken exhibit some variation, the antennae being decidedly less short in some
than in others. The dorsal surface of the elytra is somewhat flattened, and, at least in
some examples, there are traces of longitudinal raised lines.

Hab. Kauai (2500— 4000 ft.) ; not common.

COLEOPTERA 193

(16) Proterhinus antiqmis, sp. nov.

Rufescens vel rufo-fuscus, angustus, elongatulus, elytris nonnunquam nigro-
maculatis, setis appressis albidis vel argenteis, allisque erectis sat conspicuis, sed
brevioribus, vestitis. Antennae plerumque breviores. Oculi minuti. Pronotum setis
appressis, aliisque erectis, vestitum, baud latum. Elytra angusta, elongata, lateribus
saepe fere parallelis, plus minusve irregulariter argenteo- vel albido-squamosa, setisque
erectis brevioribus conspicue vestita, parum conspicue inaequalia. Rostrum % brevissi-
mum, sulcis longitudinalibus sat fortibus. ^ $. Long. 2 — 275 mm.

Allied to P, blackburni Sh , but distinguished by the white or silvery appressed
setae which cover parts of the elytra, the narrower form, shorter erect setae, etc.

Hab. Kauai mountains (4000 ft); a few examples were taken on several
occasions.

(17) Proterhinus setiger, sp. nov.

Rufescens vel rufo-piceus, setis erectis sat crebre vestitus, statura majore. Antennae
graciles, articulo secundo subelongato. Oculi prominuli. Pronotum antice abrupte
angustatum, setis erectis vestitum, baud squamosum, grosse denseque punctatum,
lateribus baud rotundatis. Elytra baud squamosa, setis erectis perconspicue vestita,
inaequalia, lineis longitudinalibus elevatis setis appressis pallidis vestitis, grosse
punctata, basi arcuatim sat fortiter emarginata, humeris acute productis, lateribus parum
rotundatis. Rostrum % evidenter longius quam latius, longitudinaliter fortiter rugosum,
lateribus basim versus levissime convergentibus. ^ $. Long, vix 4 mm.

A much larger species than P. blackburni, to which it is evidently allied. I have
seen only one t and one female, and the former has the prominent lateral angles
of the prothorax, which are formed by its sudden constriction in front, much more
strongly developed than those of the latter, and the puncturation more distinct. Each
wing-case has three raised dorsal lines, one extending back from the humeral angles,
another from the basal tubercles on either side of the scutellum, while between these on
each side is a third elevation which does not however reach to the basal margin of
the elytra. In the ? the basal abdominal segment beneath is less coarsely punctate
than the very coarsely and closely punctured metasternum ; the apical segments are
impunctate or nearly so.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft.) ; i t and i % taken.

(18) Proterhinus solitarius, sp. nov.

Piceus, setis erectis ex majore parte vestitus, baud squamosus, statura majore, baud
robustus. Oculi minuti. Antennae graciles, articulo secundo elongato, subclavato.
Pronotum antice abrupte angustatum et impressum, dense rugoso-punctatum. Elytra

194 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Hneis elevatulis longitudinalibus inaequalia, setis erectis vestita, basi leviter emarginata,
humeris acutis. Femora postica parum fortiter clavata, tarsorum lobis anticorum
minutis. Rostrum % brevissimum, fere aeque latum ac longum, fortiter longftudinaliter
rugosum. $. Long. 3*5 mm.

Female in size and superficial appearance very similar to P. setiger, but differing in
the much shorter rostrum, less deeply emarginate base of the elytra, smaller lobes to
the front tarsi, etc. A single t example, although taken at a higher elevation than the
$, is probably referable to this species, since it agrees generally with the individual
above described, but is entirely of a reddish colour. The lobes of the front tarsi are
very minute, as in the $.

Hab. Kauai, a single $ taken at an elevation of from two to three thousand feet
on the mountains. The ^ mentioned above was taken on the high plateau of the same
island.

Obs. a single % with the rostrum still slightly longer than that of P, setigery the
elytral puncturation less definite, and the basal abdominal segment beneath very closely
and coarsely punctured all over, is very probably another species, while a % from
Molokai will not agree with any of these. It has the rostrum very short, but less so
than that of P, solitarius.

{19) Pi^oterhinus squalidus, sp. nov.

Atro-piceus vel sordide rufescens, antennis rufescentibus, setis brevibus erectis
nonnullisque appressis vestitus, parum convexus. Antennae sat graciles, articulo
secundo sat robusto, sed elongato, quam tertius vix breviore. Oculi minuti. Pronotum
plus minusve impressum, sat latum, setis erectis brevibus, aliisque erectis, vestitum,
confuse rugoso-punctatum. Elytra setis brevibus erectis, aliisque pallidis et depressis
irregulariter (sive submaculatim), vestita, puncturatione parum distincta, humeris parum
productis, fere rectis. Rostrum % brevissimum, tarsorum lobis anticorum minutis.
^ $. Long. 1*75 — vix 3 mm.

Differs from P, antiquus in being of less narrow and elongate form, and generally
in having the antennae longer and more slender. It appears to me to be really more
closely allied to P. archaeus of Oahu, but that species has the elytra decidedly more
elongate, and differs in various small points. The description given above has been
made from examples from which the muddy substance, with which they are nearly
always covered when captured, has been carefully removed.

Hab. Kauai mountains (2000 — 3000 ft).

COLEOPTERA 195

(20) Proterhinus wikstroemiae, sp. nov.

Subrobustus, nigricans vel rufo-niger, minus dense pallido-squamosus. Antennae
elongatae, graciles, articulis omnibus (secundo plerumque excepto) sat elongatis, clava
gracili, minus distincta. Oculi baud magni, sed fortius prominentes. Pronotum dense
rugoso-punctatum» latera versus sat dense squamosum, parte reliqua nudiuscula, antice
angustatum et impressum, lateribus subfortiter rotundatis. Elytra sparsim squamosa,
punctata, fere aequaliter convexa, setisque albidis erectis brevibus parum conspicue
vestita, angulis humeralibus fere rectis, minus distinctis. Femora sat fortiter incrassata.
t ?. Long. 3—3-5 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 4, t)

This species is not at all closely allied to any other found on Kauai, nor indeed
is it very similar superficially to any of the other species. I have no doubt it is
nearest to P, dispar, although it differs from that species in numerous small points.
Both appear to be solely attached to the same species of poisonous shrub, and a
minute examination of the structural characters leaves no doubt that the two are more
nearly related than would appear to be the case on a superficial examination. Nearly
all the more remarkable characters of P. dispar are less developed in P, wtkstroemiae.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft.), in various localities. Attached to Wikstroemia foetida.

(21) Proterhinus serrico7^nis, sp. nov.

Species parva, angustula, rufo-testacea, capite obscuriore, elytris utrinque plus minus
nigro-signatis. Antennae breves, robustae, articulis brevibus et latis, clava distincta nulla.
Pronotum squamulis pallidis minus dense vestitum, antice impressum. Elytra angusta,
pallide squamosa, setisque nonnullis brevissimis erectis et parum conspicuis vestita,
humeris baud productis. ^. Long, circa 2 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 6, t antenna.)

This little species is quite distinct from any other (at least in the ^ sex), by the
form of the antennae, which are unusually stout and short The intermediate joints are
all of subrotundate form and so closely resemble the ninth and tenth that practically
there is no club. The eyes and lobes of the front tarsi are both very small. In what
I believe to be the % of this species, the antennae are quite differently formed and by
no means remarkable in structure, since they terminate in an evident three-jointed club.
The intermediate joints, however, are rather less slender than in most species. The
posterior femora are not very strongly clavate.

Hab. Kauai, Halemanu, May 1895; three or four examples taken.

F. H. II. 26

196 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(22) Proterhinus laticornis, sp. nov.

Minor, angustulus, rufescens, capita femoribusque, et nonnunquam etiam pronoto,
obscurioribus, elytris circa medium utrinque nigro-maculatis. Antennae t nigrae, basi
rufa, ab articulo tertio vel quarto sensim usque ad apicem incrassatae, clavam quasi
perelongatam formantes. Species pallide squamosa, faciem P. serricornis omnino
habens, sed antennis longe aliter formatis, femoribus posterioribus valde incrassatis
distinctissima. t- Long. 2 — 2*25 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 5, ^.)

This minute but very remarkable species is clearly allied to P. serricornis, with
which it agrees in colour, clothing, and shape. Probably on the average it is of rather
larger size. The joints of the antennae from the fourth or fifth become gradually wider
to the apex, the whole forming as it were a very gradual and elongate club. The lobes
of the front tarsi are minute, and the hind femora very strongly incrassate. The female
which no doubt belongs to this species is quite unlike the $ in its antennal characters,
since the intermediate joints are comparatively slender, and there is a distinct and
strongly developed 3-jointed terminal club. This sex is therefore very similar to
P, serricornis $, from which it may be known by the more strongly incrassate
femora.

Hab. Kauai, Halemanu (4000 ft.).

(23) Proterhinus eurhopalus, sp. nov.

Piceus, elytris plus minusve rufescentibus nigro- vel fusco-notatis, forma fere spp.
2 praecedentium, sed plerumque colore obscuriore. Antennae t graciliores, basi rufa,
clavae (distinctissime 3-articulatae) articulis latis. Femora postica minus fortiter
incrassata. ^. Long, vix 2 — 2*2 mm. (Plate IX, fig. 7, t antenna.)

Closely allied to the two preceding species, the general form and appearance being
the same, the colour perhaps more obscure. The t has the antennae comparatively
slender, indeed more nearly resembling the % of the preceding two species, and the club,
consisting of three very distinct joints, is unusually developed. The eyes and tarsal
lobes are small, the posterior femora not very strongly incrassate. Two females
taken in company with these males are no doubt of the same species, resembling
them very closely in all respects, except for the usual sexual differences in the
rostrum.

Hab. Kauai, Makaweli, at an elevation of 2000 — 3000 ft.

COLEOPTERA 197

(24) Proterhinus homoeochroniMs, sp. nov.

P. eurhopalo forma et colore simillimus, sed paullo major, et antennis longioribus,
clava paullo minus abrupta, capite inter oculos latiore distinguendus. ^ %. Long.
2 — 2*6 mm.

Very closely allied to P, eurhopalus, but a rather larger species with decidedly
longer antennae, and the club less marked, owing to its basal joint being less short and
wide. The head is also decidedly wider between the eyes in the present species.

Hab. Kauai, above Waimea (4000 ft).

(25) Proterhin74S cognatus, sp. nov.

Elongatus, angustus, rufescens, capite obscurato, elytris utrinque nigro- vel fusco-
notatis. Antennae graciles elongatae, articulis omnibus sat elongatis, clava gracili, baud
abrupta. Pronotum subelongatum, antice angustatum. Elytra angusta, pallide squamosa,
setisque nonnullis erectis perinconspicue vestita, basi leviter emarginata. Species forma,
colore, et caeteris, P, komoeockromo simillimus, sed paullo major, et antennis evidenter
gracilioribus et magis elongatis, clava minus distincta, distinguenda. $ $. Long.
2*6 mm.

Very closely allied to P, hovtoeochromus but of larger average size, the antennae
elongate and very slender, the club decidedly more slender and less definite.

The five species described above form a very remarkable series ; and although all
were obtained from only a very small area of the island of Kauai, excepting perhaps
the two Halemanu species, no two were found in the same locality. It is probable
however that P. serricorms and P. laticornis were not actually obtained together, since
two very distinct districts were collected over at Halemanu, and it is more than likely
that each of these regions had its peculiar species. It may also be observed that the
two species taken in the mountains behind Waimea occurred at different altitudes.

Hab. Kauai, mountains above Waimea (3000 ft.).

(26) Proterhinus angustiformis, sp. nov.

Angustus, fortiter elongatus, plus minusve rufescens, pallide squamosus, elytris
nigro-maculatis. Antennae graciles, articulis basalibus rufis, clava vix 3-articulata,
articulis duobus apicalibus praecedenti multo majoribus. Oculi minores parum fortiter
prominentes. Pronotum minus latum, pallide squamosum, lateribus minus fortiter

26 — 2

198 FAUNA HAWAHENSIS

rotundatis. Elytra rufa, nigro-maculata, pallide squamosa, setisque brevissimis erectis
vestita, perelongata, humeris vix productis, sed distinctis. Femora postica minus
fortiter clavata. Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale ex majore parte vix evidenter
punctatum. t ?• Long. 2 — 2*2 mm.

A small and very narrow species remarkable for the great length of the elytra,
Hab. Kauai, Halemanu. Four or five examples taken in May 1895.

{27) Proterhinus leptophyas, sp. no v.

Forma elongata et angustissima, nigricans, plus minusve rufo-variegatus, antennis
rufis. Oculi minuti. Antennae breves, clava vix plus quam 2-articulata. Pronotum
inaequale, antice angustatum, medium longitudinaliter subsulcatum, impressionibus
duabus sublateralibus distinctis aut obsoletis. Elytra perelongata, angustissima, nigra,
plus minus rufo-variegata, macuHs rujfis tantum squamis vestitis, parte nigra nuda, dense
punctata, humeris haud productis. Femora gracilia. ^ $. Long. 2 — 2*4 mm. (Plate IX.
fig. 8, ?.)

This small species is very distinct, and remarkable for its very narrow form and
extremely elongate elytra. The antennae are unusually short, and entirely of a clear
red colour, as also are the tarsi, and sometimes also the tibiae. The elytra usually bear
a number of pale spots, which alone are covered with squamosity, the dark parts being
bare. In the darkest individuals the elytral markings are reduced to a single spot at
the extreme base, and such examples have nearly the whole surface of the elytra
without squamous clothing. The hind femora are not at all strongly clavate.

Hab. Kauai (4000 ft). Probably a local species, since all the specimens obtained
were taken on the same day (April 15th, 1895).

(28) Proterhinus linearis Blackburn.

Proterhinus linearis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 169.

The unique example of this species in the British Museum is in poor condition and
I cannot identify it with any of those taken by me with certainty.

Hab. Kauai (Rev. T. Blackburn).

(29) Proterhinus maculifery sp. nov.

Angustulus, depressiusculus, piceus (nonnunquam nigricans vel rufescens), elytris
maculis rotundatis squamiferis pallidioribus plus minusve variegatis. Oculi parvi.
Rostrum J haud brevissimum. Antennae graciles, breviores, clava haud abrupta.

COLEOPTERA 199

Pronotum minus latum, antice impressum, minus dense squamoso-vestitum, lateri-
bus parum fortiter rotundatis. Elytra angustula, maculatim squamosa, asperula et
punctata (puncturatione et sculptura saepe exudatione lutosa celatis), setis erectis
brevissimis nee conspicuis, angulis humeralibus plerumque fere rectis. Femora postica
minus fortiter clavata, lobis tarsorum anticorum parvulis. t ?■ Long, vix 2 — 3 mm.
(Plate IX, fig. 9, t)

Chiefly remarkable for its flattened, or even sub-depressed form, and generally for
the narrow elytra, which bear a number of roundish squamose spots, these spots
being paler in colour than the rest of the surface, whether this be red or blackish. The
sculpture is generally obscure, the punctures at least being generally filled up with a
muddy excretion, and not infrequently the insect has nearly the whole surface thickly
covered and concealed. The antennae, which are rather short, are generally entirely
of a clear red colour ; the rostrum of the % is also red or reddish, its surface smooth and
shining, with the longitudinal grooves fine.

Hab, Kauai, common generally. Many examples taken exhibiting variation in
colour, size and other respects.

B. Species insulae Oahu propriae.

(30) Proterhinus kamptarthrus^ sp. nov.

Niger vel piceus, antennis tibiis tarsis elytrisque rufescentibus, his plerumque plus
minusve nigro- vel fusco-maculatis. Antennarum articulo primo tertioque perelongatis,
illo incrassato. Pronotum minus latum, 3-impressum. Elytra palHde squamosa, humeris
productis. Antennarum t articulus tertius subcurvatus. t ?• Long, circa 3 mm.
{Plate IX. fig. 10, ^.)

Black or piceous, with red elytra, which are usually sparsely spotted with black.
Femora dark, tibiae, tarsi and antennae wholly or pardy red. Eyes prominent, in the t
very remote from the thorax. Antennae long, extremely so in the t> the scape
incrassate, and very elongate, second joint short, third extremely long, slighdy but
distinctly curved in the ^, and perceptibly so in the ?, club distinctly of three joints, the
9th being considerably wider at the apex than the 8th. Prothorax rather narrow, with
three more or less evident impressions, rather scantily covered with pale squamosity.
Elytra covered with grey appressed scales, and with sparse erect white setae posteriorly,
the sides sub-parallel The humeral angles are strongly produced, and the basal
tubercles near the scutellum are present, but there is no trace of longitudinal ridges.
Lobes of the tarsi by no means large.

Hab, Oahu, Waianae mountains (3000 ft.); three % taken in April 1892, and
two males February 1 896.

200 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(31) Proterhinus leiorhynchus, sp. no v.

Niger, vel piceus, antennis elytrisque rufescentibus, his nigro-maculatis, squamis
pallidis vestitus. Antennae fortiter elongatae, conspicue pubescentes, articulo primo
perlongo et incrassato, secundo sat elongate sed tertio breviore, 9^ quam 10"' vix minus
lato. Pronotum distincte 3-impressum, lateribus aequaliter rotundatis. Elytra pallide
squamosa, setisque erectis elongatisque sat conspicue vestita, juxta scutellum utrinque
tuberculata, humeris acutis. $. Long. 3 — 375 mm.

This is a very distinct and somewhat large species, having the antennae unusually
long. The basal joint is greatly incrassate and very long, the second is also elongate,
although shorter than the third, the three apical joints form a very distinct club, the
ninth at the apex being hardly less wide than the tenth, but very much more so than
the long and slender joint preceding it. The rostrum is smooth and shining, the
longitudinal impressed lines very fine. There is no transverse ridge between the
vertex and front of the head. The eyes are prominent but not very large for the size
of the insect. Thorax with the sides evenly rounded, densely punctured, and having
three more or less distinct impressions. Elytra with pale squamosity, except over the
black markings, and bearing elongate pale erect setae, which are quite conspicuous.
The basal tubercles on either side of the scutellum are distinct, the humeral angles
sharp and somewhat produced. Lobes of the tarsi somewhat small.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains (3000 ft.). Four females taken in February 1896.
One of these has the second joint of the antennae abnormally short. There is also
slight variation in the width of the thorax, and the elytra vary greatly in length.

(32) Proterhinus ruficornis, sp. nov.

Totus rufescens, aut capite, pronoto, femoribusque obscuratis, elytris nigro-
maculatis. Antennae rufae, sat elongatae, clava distinctissime 3-articulata, articulo 9'',
quam 8"^ multo latiore, et aeque lato ac art. 10. Oculi magni fortiter prominentes.
Pronotum antice abrupte constrictum, et impressum, impressionibus posterioribus ob-
soletis. Elytra griseo-squamosa, humeris subproductis. Species haec P, Idorhyncho
cognatissima, antennarum articulis 2 basalibus minus elongatis, oculis et tarsorum lobis
paullo majoribus, pronoti impressionibus posterioribus obsoletis, distinguenda. ^ %,
Long. 3—3-5 mm.

Extremely closely allied to P, leiorhynchuSy from which it may be distinguished by
the characters given above. Also very close to P. separandus, of Maui and Molokai,
but that species has the antennae less elongate, and differs slightly in other respects.

Hab. Oahu. A single pair were taken in cop. at an elevation of nearly 3000 ft.,
in the mountains near Honolulu.

COLEOPTERA 201

{33) Proterkimis deinops, sp. nov.

Piceus, elytris rufescentibus, nigro-maculatis. Caput post oculos fortissime con-
strictum. Oculi fortissime prominentes, postice acuti. Antennarum articuli 3 apicales
clavam distinctam formantes. Pronotum 3-impressum, sat elongatum. Elytra grosse
et profunde punctata, basi utrinque juxta scutellum tuberculata, humeris acutis, fortiter
productis. ^$. Long, circiter 3 mm. (Plate IX. fig. n, $.)

One of the most remarkable species of the genus, having the head very strongly
constricted behind the eyes, so that the front and vertex are separated by a strong
ridge. The eyes themselves are excessively prominent, and are produced behind into
a distinct point. The antennae are not long, the 9th joint is much wider than the 8th,
so that the club is very definitely formed of three joints. The thorax is unusually long
and narrow. The elytra have a deep coarse puncturation, and their humeral angles are
very strongly produced, and acute. In fresh examples their red portions are covered
with pale squamosity, which is absent on the black spots ; the erect setae appear to be
few, and not conspicuous.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains, 3000 ft. Rare ; 6 examples were taken in
February 1896.

{34) Proterhinus squmnicollis, sp. nov.

Hand latus, niger, piceus, vel rufescens, pallide squamosus. Antennae graciles,
clava distincte 3-articulata. Oculi magni, prominentes, coniformes. Capitis vertex a
fronte cannula transversa distincte separatus. Pronotum haud latum, antice fortiter
angustatum, et depressum, squamis pallidis ubique dense vestitum, impressionibus
duabus posterioribus sat distinctis, lateribus fortiter rotundatis. Elytra distincte
punctata, subinaequalia, squamis pallidis maculatim, necnon setis elongatis pallidis
conspicue vestita, basi scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata, tuberculis albido-squamosis,
humeris productis et acutis. $%, Long. 2*25 — 3 mm.

A distinct species, and readily distinguished from the other Oahuan Proterkini by
the following combination of characters. Eyes large, prominent, and of conical form ;
a distinct transverse ridge between the front and vertex of the head ; prothorax densely
squamose all over, much narrowed and deeply impressed in front, the sides very
strongly rounded ; elytra generally with more or less evident longitudinal ridges, with a
tubercle on each side of the scutellar region at the extreme base, the shoulders produced,
acute, and much deflexed ; their squamous covering is more or less broken up to form
a number of spots, and the erect setae are long, fine, and quite conspicuous.

Hab. Oahu. Widely distributed in the Koolau range, but rare. Ten or eleven
examples taken at altitudes of 2000^ — 3000 ft.

202 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(35) Proterhinus adelus, sp, nov.

Elongatus, parum convexus, nigricans, vel subobscure rufescens, elytris rufis, nigro-
variegatis. Antennae modice elongatae, graciles, clava distincte 3-articulata, basim
versus rufae. Vertex capitis a fronte baud divisus. Oculi vix magni, sed fortiter
prominentes. Pronotum minus dense squamosum, antice angustatum, et profunde
impressum. Elytra basim versus subangustata, maculatim pallide squamosa, parte
basali rufa, postice nigro-maculata, setis erectis parce et parum conspicue vestita, dorso
parum convexo, basi leviter arcuatim emarginata, humeris distinctis. Abdominis seg-
mentum primum ventrale fortiter ubique punctatum, suturis ventralibus sat profundis.
(/$. Long, circiter 3 mm.

Of this apparently distinct species only a single pair, $ and $, were taken. Apart
from the usual sexual differences they are very similar, except that the ^ being some-
what abraded, has lost nearly all the curved setae from the sides of the thorax (which
appears less abruptly narrowed in front), as well as the erect ones from the elytra.
Otherwise it differs only in having the thorax and legs redder in colour, and the eyes
slightly, but quite evidently, larger.

Hab. Oahu. A pair were taken in the Koolau range at an elevation of 2500 ft.
in the winter of 1892.

(36) Proterhinus obscuricolor, sp. nov.

Nigricans, maculatim squamoso-vestitus, antennis pedibusque obscuricoloribus,
P, vestito forma et magnitudine simillimus. Antennae $ graciles, clava minus abrupte
3-articulata. Pronotum minus dense squamosum, rugoso-punctatum, 3-impressum,
impressione anteriore magis profundo et majore, antice angustatum, baud abrupte
fortiterque constrictum, lateribus sat rotundatis, setisque curvatis ciliatis. Elytra
maculatim squamosa, setisque pallidis erectis gracilibus conspicue vestita, basi emar-
ginata, angulis humeralibus distinctis. $. Long. 2*25 — 3 mm.

Allied to P. vestitus, but differing in colour, the shape of the prothorax, &c.
The elytra are black, with a somewhat vague humeral or subhumeral spot of pale
squamosity, and some other roundish spots behind these ; at the base they are formed
much as in typical vestitus, A single female only of this species was taken, but there
are two males in Dr Sharp's collection, which no doubt belong to the same. They
differ from the ? in their antennae being shorter, and the club more distinct (i.e. the
9th joint is more stout in proportion to the preceding), and they are considerably

COLEOPTERA

20'

smaller, but are themselves of different size. The smaller example is a very fresh one
and not quite mature, it being of a generally more pallid colour, and the legs and
antennae are entirely red. These examples are marked as P. vestitus, van b and van c,
and bear the number 352.

Hab. Oahu. Mountains near Honolulu, 2000-3000 ft. ; i ? taken in the winter
of 1892 ; 'mountains Oahu' (Blackburn).

(37) Proterhinus denudatus, sp. nov.

Elongatus, rufescens, elytris plus minusve nigro-notatis, parce aureo-squamosus.
Antennae nigrae, articulis basalibus rufis, clava vix distincte 3-articulata. Oculi minus
fortiter prominentes. Pronotum aequaliter, nee dense, aureo-squamosum, crebre
punctatum, evidenter 3-impressum, antice haud abrupte constrictum. Elytra parce
aureo-squamosa, setisque albidis brevioribus vestita, ? fortissime elongata, fere aequaliter
convexa, humeris acute productis, ^ $. Vix 3 mm.

In the elongate form (especially of the ?), in the colour and clothing this species
is remarkably similar to Proterhimis detiHtus from Lanai. It lacks, however, the
extremely abrupt constriction of the prothorax in front, the second joint of its antennae
is less short, and they themselves are only red at the base. The rostrum of the ?
detidtus, however, is so different, being very coarsely sulcate, that it is doubtful whether
the two are in reality at all closely allied. The ^ of the two examples examined is
larger and wider, and much less elongate, than the $, but I suspect that this is not
usually the case, but rather an individual variation. A second male, taken in the other
mountain range on Oahu, I refer at present to this species as a variety, but it is very
likely a distinct species. It differs in being of a more obscure red colour, with the
antennae entirely red, and is as narrow and elongate as the ?, there are traces of whitish
squamosity on the elytra, their erect white setae are longer, and they are faintly
impressed at the base.

Hab. Oahu. One of each sex taken m the mountains near Honolulu (2000

3000 ft.) ; a variety of the t in the Waianae mountains.

(38) Proterhinus compactus, sp. nov.

Nigricans, elytris plus minusve rufescentibus. Caput cum pronoto aureo-squam-
osum. Antennae mediocriter graciles et elongati. Pronotum obscure 3-impressum.
Elytra albido-squamosa, setisque albidis erectis brevioribus sat conspicue vestita, fortiter
denseque punctata, longitudinaliter subcarinata, basi scutellum juxta utrinque tuber-
culata, humeris productis, minus acutis, basi thoracis adaptatis. Rostrum $ fortiter
F. H. II. 27

204 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

longitudinaliter rugosum, ad basim distinctissime angustatum. ^$. Long. 2*6 —
275 mm.

Species, ut opinor, P, difficili (sp. Kauaiensi) cognatissima, sed forma angustiore.

Very similar to some examples of P. difficilis of Kauai, but distinguished by the
evidently narrower elytra, which in lateral view are less convex longitudinally. The
humeral angles are a good deal produced, but are not sharp, and are closely applied to
the base oi the prothorax, the puncturation is strong and dense. This species also
bears a strong resemblance to the following (P. platygonias), but the deep thoracic
impressions, the extremely coarsely punctured elytra, and the strong constriction of
the head behind the eyes, in the latter species, will easily distinguish it.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains (3000 ft.) ; two examples (^ and $) taken.

(39) Proterhinus platygonias, sp. nov.

Nigropiceus, pallide squamosus, elytris plus minusve rufescentibus et nigro-
maculatis. Caput post oculos fortiter constrictum. Pronotum profunde 3-impressum,
minus dense squamosum, grossius rugoso punctatum. Elytra inaequalia, grosse punc-
tata, utrinque juxta scutellum tuberculata, humeris fortiter, nee acute, productis.
$. Long. 2*5 — vix 3 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 12, $.)

Black, the elytra reddish with black markings posteriorly, antennae red at the base
or nearly altogether black. Head constricted behind the eyes, so that a ridge is formed
between the vertex and front. Antennae not stout, nor long, the basal of the three
terminal joints not very different to the 8th, the two terminal ones much wider, and
short. Thorax very uneven owing to the three extremely deep depressions, its
puncturation dense and rugose. Elytra with pale squamosity, and some rather short
white erect setae, the surface uneven, the ridges which extend back from the humeral
angles being evident at the base, and sometimes distinct to nearly the apex. On either
side near the scutellum is a rather strong tubercle, covered with white squamosity, and
between these and the shoulders the elytra are deeply impressed, as is readily seen in a
lateral view. The humeral angles are strongly produced, but not very sharp, and
closely applied to the base of the thorax. The puncturation is extremely coarse.
Lobes of the front tarsi unusually small.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains (3000 ft.). Two female examples taken in
February, 1896. In one the antennae and tarsal lobes are black or nearly so, in the
other (excepting the apical joints of the former) both are red. The latter example
has the longitudinal ridges oi the elytra less distinct, and the eyes decidedly less
prominent.

COLEOPTERA ^^i

(40) ProterhiuMS vestitus Sharp.

Proterhinus vestitus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 16. Tr. Dublin Soc.
III. 1885, PI. V. fig. 37 and 38.

Typical examples of this species have a very distinctive appearance, owing to the
extremely sudden constriction of the thorax in front. I have only seen one rather
small example vi^hich quite resembles the types in structure, but specimens from the
Waianae range have the thorax in some cases hardly less abruptly constricted, and must
be referred to the same species, although they form a well-marked local variety
{P. vestitus, van heterostictus). These examples also have the setae of the elytra and
legs generally less elongate, and the black or dark markings of the elytra are more
lateral in position. The species is closely allied to P, eulepis but the elytra are in
general less wide and short, the shoulders less produced, and the erect setae longer,

Hab. Oahu, mountains near Honolulu (Blackburn); Waianae mountains, both
sides.

(41) Proterhinus robustus Blackb.

Proterhinus robustus Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 171.

Extremely close to P, vestitus but probably distinct. Like that species it is
variable, but in its typical form it differs from typical examples of P. vestitus, in having
the thorax but little constricted in front and less narrowed behind, the hind angles
distinctly marked by a spot of pale squamosity. The elytra have shorter and less
conspicuous erect setae, those on the legs being also much shorter. The basal joint of
the antennae is unusually long, being fully as long as the two following joints together.
Apart from the pale spots at the hind angles the thorax has very little squamosity, so
that the puncturation is quite conspicuous, being very dense, and somewhat coarse.
The curved setae at the sides are short and very feebly developed. I have not seen
a ^ of this species. Length 2 — 3 mm.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains, found in the lowest forest. Only a few female
examples were collected.

(42) Proterhinus subplanatus, sp. no v.

Nigricans, parum dense squamosus, P. angulari cognatissimus, antennis plerumque
brevioribus, minus gracilibus, forma magis depressa (sive deplanata), distinguendus.
t%* Long. 2 — 2*5 mm.

A somewhat obscure species, evidently closely allied to P. angularts. From

27 — 2

2o6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

typical individuals of that species it is readily distinguished by the much less con-
spicuous setae on the elytra, and the hardly visible curved setae at the sides of the
prothorax. From the less typical examples which I have referred to P. angularis, it may
be known by the shorter and less slender antennal joints, and its evidently flattened, or
subdepressed form.

The shoulders of the elytra are formed as in P, angularis, and are likewise marked
with pale squamosity, but as a rule less conspicuously, and the basal ventral segment of
the abdomen is strongly punctate.

Hab. Oahu, Halemano (Koolau range) (2000 ft.), in January, 1893.

(43) Proterkinus simplex Sharp.

Proterhinus simplex Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 17.

The examples from which this species was described, appear to me to be not only
immature, but also particularly small and ill-developed specimens. Large individuals
are twice the size of the specimens sent by Mr Blackburn, and altogether wider and
more bulky, the colour pitchy or reddish pitchy, the elytra red, with dark markings
laterally, about the middle, and extending sometimes to the suture. The squamosity
is not continuous, there being an oblique spot near the shoulders of the elytra and
others behind these. The setae are shorter, and less conspicuous, than those of fresh
examples of P. obscuricolor, vestitus and others. The prothorax is much wider, and has
the sides much more strongly rounded than in the type, and is often distinctly 3-im-
pressed. The eyes, the tarsal lobes, and humeral angles of the elytra are often all
much more developed, but all of them vary, even in the larger examples. Length
2 — nearly 3 mm.

Hab. Oahu. Both mountain ranges, at elevations of 2000 — 3000 ft.

(44) Proterhinus oxygonias, sp. nov.

P. sctttato forma facieque simillimus, colore plerumque minus obscuro, elytrorum
angulis humeralibus fortius et acutius productis, distinguendus. J$. Long. 2*25 —
275 mm.

This species appears to be very closely allied to P, scutatus, from which it differs
generally by its less obscure {i,e, more red) colour, the less evenly rounded sides of the
thorax, and the more strongly and acutely produced humeral angles of the elytra.

Hab. Oahu, mountains near Honolulu {2000 ft). A single example taken in the
Waianae range of the same island appears to be a variety of this species.

COLEOPTERA 207

(45) Proterhinus leptothrix, sp. nov.

Haud latus, rufescens, elytris plus minus nigro- vel fusco-signatis. Oculi minores.
Antennae mediocres, clava 2-articuIata, articulo 9"" vix quam 8""^ evidenter latiore. Pro-
notum parum squamosum, dense rugoso-punctatum, setisque erectis gracillimis versus
latera sat conspicue vestitum, antice impressum, angulis posticis macula pallida squamosa
signatis. Elytra plus minusve albido-squamosa, setis erectis gracillimis et elongatis
conspicue vestita, humeris acutis, plus minusve productis. Pedes setis conspicue
elongatis vestiti, tarsorum anticorum lobis parvis. $. Long. 2 — 2*5 mm. (Plate IX.

fig. 13, ?0

A very distinct species, owing to the form of the antennae, and the extremely fine

and more than usually elongate setae, which clothe the elytra and legs. The club of the

antennae can hardly be considered as consisting of more than two joints, as the 9th

in whatever aspect it is viewed is hardly different in form to those that precede it.

A single example taken in the same locality as the % above described is no doubt the J,

as it differs only in being smaller and in the usual sexual characters, but it is a good

deal abraded.

Hab. Oahu ; Kaala (3000 ft), Waianae range ; 2 % taken together in December,
1892, and a single t i^ the same month but on another occasion.

(46) Proterhinus seticollis, sp. nov.

Praecedenti cognatissimus, sed colore obscuriore, setisque erectis elytrorum minus
longis gracilibusque distinguendus. ^ %, Long. 2 — 275 mm.

This species is very closely allied to P. leptothrix, and may possibly on the
examination of a long series prove to be a form of that species. It is very easily
distinguished, so far as the few examples taken are concerned, by the different clothing,
the erect setae being much less elongate and slender. It is also generally of a darker
colour, and superficially greatly resembles P. scutatus, from which it is abundantly
distinct by the 2-jointed club of the antennae, the stronger longitudinal furrows of the
rostrum in the ?, the patch of white squamosity at the hind angles of the thorax, which
bears conspicuous erect setae, &c.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains (3000 ft.) ; a few examples taken on the opposite
side of the range to the locality for P. leptothrix.

2o8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(47) Proterhimis longulus Sharp.

Proterhinus longtdus Sharp, Tr. Ent Soc, London, 1879, p. 97.

I have examined only the types, one t and one $, of this species, which are in
Dr Sharp^s collection. It is very closely allied to P. epitretus of Lanai, and P, ferru-
gineus of Hawaii, under which species I have pointed out the characters whereby these
allied forms may be distinguished.

Hab. Oahu mountains, in stems of fern (Blackburn).

(48) Proterhinus paradoxus Sharp.

Proterhinus paradoxus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 100. Tr. Dublin
Soc. Ill, 1885, PI. V. fig. 36.

I have never met with this species, which is evidently allied to the following
(P, oahuensis).

Hab. Mountains near Honolulu (Blackburn).

(49) Proterhinus oahuensis, sp. nov.

Haud latus, nitidus, ferrugineus, setis erectis flavescentibus vestitus, baud squa-
mosus. Antennae graciliores, articulis 2 basalibus sat robustis. Oculi parvi, a pronoto
longe remoti. Pronotum subnitidum, antice fortiter impressum, impressionibus posteri-
oribus minus distinctis. Elytra nitida, sat elongata, grosse subseriatim punctata, suturam
versus utrinque oblique longitudinaliter carinata, carina quoque longitudinali ab angulis
humeralibus extensa, setis erectis flavescentibus elongatis, aliisque brevioribus, conspicue
vestita. Femora omnia gracilia, tibiis anticis gracillimis et elongatis, lobis tarsorum
minutissimis. ^. Long. 2*5 mm. (Plate X. fig. 4.)

This species is very distinct, and obviously allied to P. paradoxus, but has
the elytra of different form, these not being rectangularly deflexed laterally, nor con-
spicuously flattened above. The shoulders are nearly rectangular, and from each a
distinct carina extends backwards, and internal to these towards the suture other two of
the interstices are distinctly raised and form obliquely longitudinal carinae. The basal
abdominal segment beneath is very coarsely punctured and the segmental sutures are
extremely deep.

Hab. Oahu, mountains near Honolulu; i ^ taken in May, 1896.

COLEOPTERA 209

(50) Proferhinus kaalae, sp. nov.

Piceo-niger, antennis tarsisque rufotestaceis, minutus, sat robustus. Antennae
graciles, elongatae, articulo primo fortissime incrassato, clava distincte 2-articulata.
Oculi parvi. Pronotum grosse punctatum, setis erectis pallidis vestitum, baud squa-
mosum. Elytra brevia, lata, pronoto fere bis latiora, grossissime punctata, baud
squamosa, setis per elongatis albidis supra sex-seriatim vestita. Femora omnia cum
tibiis setis longis albidis vestita, tarsorum lobis anticorum sat magnis. ^. Lono-. vix
2 mm. (Plate X. fig. 3.)

One of the smallest, but quite one of the most remarkable of all the known species.
There is no squamous clothing, but the erect setae are whitish, and very long and
conspicuous, and form three rows on each wing-case, those of the series next to the
suture being shorter than the others. The setae in each row are distant and very
regular, and of even length, not consisting of some short and some long ones intermixed,
as in most of the conspicuously setae species. Similar setae clothe the legs and thorax,
and the sculpture of the latter and of the elytra is very coarse. The lobes of the front
tarsi are rather large for the size of the insect, the claw-joint short, not projecting very
far beyond the lobes. The basal joint of the antennae is extremely wide, the inter-
mediate joints slender, the club consisting of 2 joints only. The elytra are short and
wide.

Hab. Oahu. A single ^ was taken on Kaala in the Waianae mountains.

(51) Proterhinus archaeus, sp. nov.

Depressus, nigricans vel piceus, parum squamulosus, setis conspersis erectis sat
conspicue vestitus. Antennae rufae, articulo secundo sat elongato sed, quam tertius,
robustiore. Oculi prominuli, setigeri. Pronotum dense rugoso-punctatum, setis erectis
elongatis vestitum. Elytra parum vel baud squamosa, setis erectis sparsim sed con-
spicue vestita, crebre confuseque punctata, dorso deplanato vel depresso, basi utrinque
subtuberculato, anguHs humeralibus distinctis, fere rectis. Femora minus fortiter
clavata, tarsorum anticorum lobis parvis. Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale
grosse et sat crebre punctatum. Rostrum % breve, vix longius quam latius, fortiter
longitudinaliter rugosum. $ $. Long. 2*2 — 3-2 mm.

Allied to P, blackburni but quite distinct by its depressed or flattened form,
less numerous erect setae, &c.

Hab. Oahu. Koolau range behind Waialua. A single example (van diversus),
taken in the same range near Honolulu, has the elytra less flattened, the thorax strongly
transverse, and the erect setae of the elytra decidedly shorter. It will probably prove
to be a distinct species. The typical form lives beneath the bark of Straussia.

2IO FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(52) Proterhinus obscurus Sharp.

Proterhinus obscuims Sharp, Tr. Ent, Soc. London, 1878, p. 18.

This species was described on a single example of the female, but subsequently in
Trans. Dublin Soc. Vol. in, 1885, was referred in the systematic Catalogue (p. 250) to
P. simplex as a variety. I believe it to be distinct from that species, but both varying
greatly, it becomes impossible to form an adequate description that will apply to all the
individuals of each. Certainly in what I consider to be well-developed examples of the
two the species are readily distinguished.

In its well-developed and typical form the ^ of P. obscurus is shorter and wider
than the female, and generally rather darker in colour. The antennae are moderately
long, but the intermediate joints are not very slender, and the first of the three club
joints is not very different to the following. The basal joint is short and very stout.
Eyes but little prominent. Thorax wide and very strongly rounded at the sides, with
the squamosity forming dense lateral patches, but sparser on the dorsum. There is an
evident anterior impression, but the curved erect setae at the sides are altogether
absent, or very indistinct. The elytra vary in colour from nearly entirely black, to a
dull red with dark markings, and are rather scantily squamose, and bear, especially
posteriorly, some short, pale, erect, but inconspicuous setae. The humeral angles are
not acute, nor very distinct, and are sometimes quite effaced. All the femora are
strongly incrassate and clavate, and the lobes of the front tarsi are moderately large.

The female is generally more slender, the thorax less wide, the elytra longer, and
their colour less dark, and the squamous covering more regular.

In the Waianae mountains there is found what appears to be a dwarf form of the
above species, the smallest examples of which are very minute, and most of the structural
characters are accordingly modified.

Hab. Oahu. Koolau range (1500 — 3000 ft.); small van in the Waianae moun-
tains at similar elevations.

(53) Proterhinus oscillans Sharp.

Proterhinus oscillans Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 18.

As I understand it, this is not a very variable species, and I have examined
numerous examples that agree well enough with the types. As a rule the species is
constant in colour and may be recognised easily by this. Small examples have the
tarsal lobes diminished in size, and in some the humeral angles of the elytra are less
indistinct than in others, and the elytra do not always become distinctly narrowed
towards the base. The rostrum of the % is normally very decidedly narrowed from the
apex to the base. Length from 1*5 to 275 mm.

Hab. Oahu. Both mountain ranges. Not rare from 1500 — 3000 ft.

COLEOPTERA 211

(54) Proterhinus pachycnemis^ sp. nov.

Rufescens, elytris nigrosignatis. Antennae mediocres, articulo secundo, quam
tertius, baud minus longo, sed multo crassiore, clava sat evidenter 3-articulata, Prono-
turn latera versus sat dense squamosum, lateribus minus fortiter rotundatis. Elytra
pallide squamosa, setisque pallidis erectis conspersim vestita, humeris subobscuris, baud
productis. Femora antica et postica miro modo incrassata, intermediis multo crassiora.
t. Long. 2 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 14. t)

This species, which somewhat resembles P, oscillans or P, obscurus, is quite distinct
by the elongate second joint of the antennae, and the extraordinarily incrassated femora,
the hind femur being about twice as wide as the intermediate, which itself is more
robust than in most of the species. A second and much damaged J, which I refer to
this species, is totally different in superficial aspect, being black, with only small parts
of the thorax and elytra obscurely red, and the latter less nearly parallel-sided.

Hab. Oahu. Kaala (2500 ft.), Waianae range. Two t examples taken, one on
the windward and the other the opposite side of the range.

(55) Proterhinus laticollis, Blackb.

Proterhinus laticollis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 170.

(Plate IX. fig. 15, and 15^. ^.)

The male of this species is a very remarkable insect, not only on account of its
extremely wide thorax, as indicated by Blackburn in his description, and by the name
which he applied to it, but still more so by the structure of the terminal joint of the
front tarsi, which is unlike that of any other of the genus. This joint is so extremely
shortened that it only just extends as far as the apex of the lobes of the preceding one.
The antennae are more than usually elongate and slender, and the front femora very
strongly incrassate, as compared with the hinder ones. In some examples the elytra
are quite evidently impressed across the base, but in others no trace of this is to be
detected. The % of P. laticollis, on the other hand, is comparatively commonplace,
since neither thorax nor tarsi present the peculiar features exhibited in the ^. It is
only to be recognised by its general similarity in colour, clothing, and the elongate and
slender antennae. As in the J, the base of the elytra is sometimes sub-impressed.
Length 2 — 2-5 mm.

Hab. Waianae mountains, Oahu. About 17 examples taken.

F. H. II. ^^

212 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(56) Proterhinus vicimis, sp. nov.

Species parva, angustula, rufescens, capite, necnon saepe pronoto plus minusve
infuscatis, elytrorum marginibus lateralibus, et nonnunquam maculis quibusdam dorsali-
bus, nigricantibus. Antennarum $ articulus basalis robustus, sed minus brevis, hoc
cum sequentibus rufo, articulis apicalibus nigris, clava distincte 3-articulata. Pronotum
baud latum, antice impressum, aequaliter (vix dense) squamis vestitum. Elytra angusta,
lateribus saepe fere parallelis, pallide, baud maculatim, squamosa, setisque brevibus
albidis erectis parce inconspicueque vestita, angulis humeralibus baud productis. Oculi
et tarsorum anticorum lobi parvi. $ ?. Long, vix 2 — 2*25 mm.

The affinities of this insect are with five of the Kauai species, P, serricornis and
the four following, rather than with any other of the Oahuan forms. With those species
it agrees in general form, colour, and clothing, as also in the very short rostral portion
of the head in the ^, and, considering its minute size, in the rather strongly developed
basal joint of the antennae. It cannot however be referred to any of those species, for
the antennae, which are neither long nor yet particularly slender, and of which neither
the 3-jointed club, nor the intermediate joints present any special features, will agree
with none of them. The sexes apparently are almost similar, except for the usual
sexual differences.

Hab. Oahu. Taken only in the Waianae mountains, and not numerously.

(57) Proterhinus pusillus Sharp.

Proterhinus pusillus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 97.

This is a very minute and obscure insect, and may not improbably prove to be a
depauperated form of some other species. It belongs to the most difficult and obscure
section of the genus, and has no striking characters of any sort. It appears to approach
closely to some varieties of P, deceptor, and also to minute examples of P, obscurus,

Hab. Oahu mountains near Honolulu, 1500 — 2000 ft. (Blackburn.)

C, Species insulae Maui propriae.

(58) Proterhinus validus Sharp.

Proterhinus validus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1881, p. 531.
(Plate IX. fig, 16. t)

The antennae in this species are decidedly more elongate and less thick in some
examples than in others. The length varies from 4 — 6 mm.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 — 5000 ft.) ; many examples taken on Acacia koa.

COLEOPTERA 213

(59) P voter hinus comes, sp. no v.

Major, piceus, vel obscure rufescens, subbrunneo-squamosus, pronoto elytrisque
setis erectis crebre conspicueque vestitis. Oculi sat magni, fortiter prominentes.
Antennae graciles, articulo secundo brevissimo, clava gracili, elongata, 3>artlculata.
Pronotum antice fortiter angustatum et transversim impressum, impressionibus pos-
terioribus rotundatis et distinctis. Elytra dense punctata, longltudinaliter subcari-
nata, margine basali scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculato, humeris fortiter acute
productis. Pedes onines conspicue setosi, lobis tarsorum antlcorum minoribus. J.

Long. 3-5—4 n^n^-

Apparently closely allied to P, validus, but a considerably smaller insect
and of less elongate and oblong form. The antennae are quite differently formed,
the intermediate joints being slender and elongate. The eyes also, and the lobes
of the front tarsi, are less developed, and the longitudinal ridges of the elytra
generally more obscure.

Hab. Maui. Three examples of the t taken on Haleakala (4500—5000 ft.) ;
it is probably a variable species, as these examples do not altogether agree in
small points.

(60) Proterhinus lecontei Sharp.

Proterhinus lecontei Sharp, Tr. Ent Soc. London, 1879, p. 99; Tr. Dublin
Soc. III. 1885, PI. V. fig. 42 ?, fig. 43 J.

Varies greatly in size, some examples being only about half the bulk of a normal
specimen. Length (excluding rostrum) 3*2 — nearly 5 mm.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; not rare, but only on one species of tree, of
which I neglected to obtain a specimen for identification.

(61) Proterhinus sharpi, sp. nov.

Ferrugineus, elytris saepe plus minusve nigricantibus, ferrugineo-squamosus.
Antennae rufescentes, sat graciles. Oculi fortiter prominentes. Pronotum minus
latum, dense squamoso-vestitum, 3-impressum, antice angustatum. Elytra suboblonga,
lateribus subparallelis, utrinque longltudinaliter carinata, carinis postice abrupte trun-
catis, humeris sat fortiter productis. $%. 2-6—375 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 17. t)

In the form of the elytra this species can only be compared with P. lecontei,
the longitudinal ridges of the elytra being well-marked and abruptly vertical behind,
so that in a posterior view each appears as a strongly elevated tubercle. In

28—2

214 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

general appearance it is very different to lecontei, but in reality the two are really
related.

Colour ferruginous, as also the squamosity, the elytra sometimes partly or even
entirely black. Eyes large, strongly prominent ; antennae slender, with evidently
3-jointed club, generally entirely of a clear red colour. Prothorax subelongate, densely
squamose, with three well-marked impressions, at the sides with some curved suberect
setae. Elytra elongate, subparallel-sided, tuberculate at the base on either side of
the scutellar region, depressed between these tubercles and the produced humeral
angles, flattened or even somewhat depressed dorsally between the well-marked longi-
tudinal ridges, which terminate abruptly behind. When the elytra are reddish in colour
they have a ferruginous squamosity, but when their colour is black the squamosity dis-
appears ; erect, thin setae are also scattered over the surface, especially at the sides
and posteriorly. Lobes of the front tarsi somewhat large.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.), in the same localities as P. lecontei, but with
very different habits, this species being found only on a species of fern, while P, lecontei
frequents one of the forest trees.

(62) Proterhinus tuberculiceps, sp. nov.

Rufescens, elytris plus minusve nigro-maculatis, antennis, pedibusque omnibus
rufis. Caput inter oculos fortiter bituberculatum. Oculi fortiter prominentes.
Antennae graciles, elongatae, clava distincte 3-articulata, sat elongata. Pronotum
perinaequale, fortissime 3-impressum, impressione anteriore transversa, antice abrupte
constrictum. Elytra longitudinaliter subcarinata, setis erectis gracillimis, sat conspicuis,
vestita, humeris fortiter productis. ^$, Long. 3*5 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 18. ^.)

A very distinct species, entirely reddish in colour, except for some small, and more
or less inconspicuous, dark spots on the elytra. The eyes are strongly prominent, and
there is a strong tubercle close to the inner margin of each. The prothorax is very
uneven, the anterior impression extending right across it, while the two posterior ones
are deep, but smaller, and roundish. In front the constriction is strong and abrupt,
and there and at the sides the suberect, curved setae are very evident. The lobes of
the front tarsi are well developed. The elytra have their shoulders strongly produced,
the suture a little raised, and a sufficiently evident longitudinal ridge running backwards
from the humeral angles of each. The erect setae are long, fine, and conspicuous. All
the femora are strongly clavate, a little more so in the ^ than in the $. The rostrum
of the % is only moderately long, and is smooth and shining, with the longitudinal
grooves fine.

Hab. 'Maui, Haleakala (4000 ft.); 2 ^, i ? taken.

COLEOPTERA 215

(63) Proterhinus sternalis Sharp.

Proterhinus sternalis Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 98.
(Plate IX. figs. 19 and 19^. Z)

This species is remarkable for the great developement of the eyes, and tarsal lobes,
the concavity of the prosternum from the front to the base, and the unusual clothing of
the intermediate tibiae, which bear long and soft hairs, instead of the usual short and
stiff setae. The ridges of the elytra are quite well-marked, especially when these are
observed in lateral view. Length from 2*2 — 2-3 mm.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000—5000 ft.); not very common, only about 20
examples were taken.

(64) Proterhinus sternalioides, sp. nov.

Sat latus, nigricans vel rufo-niger, antennis, pedibus, elytrisque plus minusve
rufescentibus, his nigro-notatis, praecedenti sp. cognatissimus. Oculi magni. Prono-
tum antice constrictum, fortiter 3-impressum, minus latum. Elytra subinaequalia,
pallide squamosa, setisque erectis elongatis vestita, basi scutellum juxta utrinque
tuberculata, humeris fortiter productis. ^$. Long. 2*2 — 375 mm.

This species is extremely like P. sternalis, which it resembles in colour, form,
&c. The longitudinal ridges of the elytra are rather less pronounced, and the face
of the t (including the rostrum) is evidently more elongate. The rostrum of the
% is slightly longer, its surface slightly rugulose all over. The intermediate tibiae
are clothed with shorter setae, and the lobes of the front tarsi of the t are of rather
different form, being rather more narrow and elongate, the whole joint having a less
quadrate form. The hind coxae of the c/" are distinctly more widely separated, and the
prosternum is impressed only along its anterior margin, not longitudinally sulcate down
the middle from front to base as in /^. sternalis,

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; several examples taken, probably in company
with P, sternalis,

(65) Proterhinus microtarsus, sp. nov.

Atro-piceus, elytris rufescentibus, nigro-notatis, antennis pedibusque totis rufis.
Antennae elongatae, graciles, articulo i elongato sed robusto, quam tertius longiore,
caeteris elongatis, clava gracili, distinctissime 3-articulata. Oculi magni. Vertex a
fronte capitis baud distinctus. Pronotum perinaequale, antice subito fortiterque con-
strictum. Elytra squamulosa, longitudinaliter subcarinulata (lateraliter compressa), setis

2i6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

pallidis elongatis sat conspicue vestita, humeris fortiter productis. Tibiae anticae
graciles, elongatae ; femora omnia fortiter incrassata, lobis tarsorum anticorum minimis,
c/*. Long. 3 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 20 and 20 a. </.)

This remarkable species is very distinct from any other. The antennae are long
and slender, concolorous with the legs, of a clear rufotestaceous colour. The basal
joint is elongate but rather stout, all the rest are elongate and slender, as also is the dis-
tinctly 3-jointed club. Prothorax very abruptly constricted, and transversely impressed
in front, the impression deeper about the middle. The two posterior sublateral impres-
sions are also distinct, and behind these the middle part of the thorax is seen (especially
in lateral view) to be somewhat strongly elevated, the elevation subsulcate. All the
femora are strongly incrassate, the front tibiae unusually long and slender, the lobes of
the front tarsi excessively small for the size of the insect. Elytra subparallel-sided for
their basal half, with pale squamosity, and conspicuous, very fine, erect, pale setae.
Seen from the side they are somewhat compressed laterally, to form the rather obscure
longitudinal ridges. Their humeral angles are strongly produced.

A female taken in the same locality as the i no doubt belongs to the same
species, although at first sight of very different appearance. The antennae are formed
like those of the ^, the eyes are smaller but more prominent. Rostrum short, not
nearly twice as long as wide, the surface entirely rugulose. The whole insect is
blackish, except the reddish tibiae and tarsi and the greater part of the antennae, the
club-joints being obscure in colour. The prothorax is less elevated posteriorly than
that of the ty and the elevated portion is not evidently sulcate. The elytra are a good
deal longer, entirely black, the sides nearly parallel except at the apex. Femora
strongly clavate as in the ^, the front tibiae also long, and the lobes of the tarsi small.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 ft.) ; rare, only one c/* and one % having been taken.

(66) Proterhinus megalotarsus, sp. nov.

Nigricans, elytris rufescentibus vel piceis, pedibus antennisque saepe plus minusve
rufescentibus. Oculi sat magni, subconici, fortiter prominentes. Antennae mediocres,
clava distincte 3-articulata. Pronotum pallide squamosum, profunde 3-impressum, vix
latum (feminae elongatum), lateribus rotundatis. Femora ^ fortiter incrassata, lobis
tarsorum anticorum magnis. Elytra pallide squamosa, setisque gracilibus erectis sat
conspicue vestita, fortius (nee inaequaliter) convexa, sutura subelevata, humeris fortiter
acute productis. $ %. Long. 2*8 — 3'25 mm.

A rather distinct species, at least in the $, but apparently variable, the antennae
being a good deal shorter, in some examples than in others. There is no distinct ridge
between the vertex and front of the head in either sex. The eyes are large, very

COLEOPTERA

217

prominent and subconical. In the ^ the lobes of the front tarsi are largely developed
and wide, but evidently less so in the female, in which sex the rostrum is smooth and
shining, with two fine longitudinal grooves. The elytra have only faint, sometimes
indeed no traces of longitudinal ridges, but the suture itself is quite evidently raised.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala; a few examples taken at and below an elevation of
4000 ft.

{6"]) Proterhinus hemichlorus, sp. nov.

Nigricans, pallide squamosus, antennis pedibus elytrorumque basi plus minusve
rufescentibus, P. humerali cognatissimus. Antennae, oculi, tarsorumque anticorum lobi,
mediocres, haudquaquam insignes. Pronotum minus dense squamosum, setis curvatis
parum conspicuis, 3-impressum, impressione antica transversa, duabus posticis distinc-
tissime rotundatis. Elytra plus minusve nigricantia, plaga basali conspicue pallido-
squamosa parceque nee fortiter punctata, sutura subelevata, humeris productis. Femora
postica baud fortiter incrassata. ^ $. Long. 17 — 2*8 mm.

A small species with rather a distinctive appearance, owing to a patch of dense
pale, often nearly white, squamosity, which covers the basal third or even half of the
elytra, over which part the puncturation appears sparse and feeble. The erect setae are
chiefly placed on the hinder part of the elytra, but they are sparse and not very con-
spicuous. The femora are only moderately robust Closely allied to P, kumeralis
but distinguished by the less developed tarsal lobes, eyes, and antennae, the less
incrassate femora, and other less important characters. As in that species the elytra
are without evident longitudinal ridges, and there is none between the front and vertex
of the head.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; a few examples of each sex taken.

(68) Proterhinus kumeralis Sharp.

Proterhinus humeralis Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 96.

A rather distinct species, at least in the $, Apparently allied to P. sternalioides,
but a decidedly narrower and more elongate insect. The antennae of the $ are rather
longer and at the same time stouter than in most of the species, and the lobes of the
front tarsi are strongly developed, although not to the extent of those of P, sternalis.
In both sexes, but especially so in the ^, the femora are more strongly incrassate than
is usual, but all the specific characters of the ? are much less pronounced than in the ^.
There is no ridge formed between the front and vertex of the head.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 — 5000 ft.); I have seen only the two type specimens,
and two or three others taken by myself.

2i8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(69) Proterhinus brevipennis, sp. nov.

Rufescens vel rufo-piceus, antennis pedibusque totis, vel ex parte, rufis, pallide
squamosus, forma breviore. Antennae graciles. Oculi prominentes. Pronotum sat
dense aureo-squamosum, antlce fortiter angustatum, aut nonnumquam abrupte con-
strictum, profunde 3-impressum, medio longitudinaliter subsulcato, antice et ad latera
setis curvatis suberectis, sat conspicuis, vestitum. Elytra rufescentia, pallide squamosa,
parte apicali nigra vel nigro-maculata, dorso plus minusve inaequali, irregulariter
punctato, setis erectis brevibus longioribusque intermixtis sat conspicuis, humeris fortiter
productis. Femora minus fortiter incrassata. ^J. Long. 2*5 — 3*2 mm.

A variable species, typical examples of which are easily distinguished. The basal
two-thirds of the elytra are covered with pale squamosity (except generally on some
black spots), and this pale portion is often flattened or subdepressed, between the more
or less evident longitudinal ridges. In well-developed examples there are also traces of
transverse ridges. The puncturation has a peculiarly irregular appearance. The
antennae are quite slender, clear red except at the apex, but not very long. The eyes
are of moderate size and prominent, and there is more or less trace of a dividing ridge
between the vertex and front of the head. The rostrum of the % is finely longitudinally
rugulose and dull. The femora are not very strongly clavate. The coxae are all
equally widely separated, and the basal segment of the abdomen beneath has a dull and
densely and minutely granulate appearance.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; about two dozen examples taken.

(70) Proterhinus epichrysus, sp. nov.

Rufo-niger, elytris rufescentibus, plus minusve nigro-maculatis. Antennae
graciles, sat elongatae. Oculi fortiter prominentes. Frons capitis a vertice carina
distincta transversa separata. Pronotum squamis pallidis aureis densius vestitum,
fortiter 3-impressum, setis suberectis curvatis ad latera conspicuis. Elytra nigro-
maculata, pallide squamosa, setisque albidis elongatis conspicue vestita, fortiter punctata,
fere aequaliter convexa, sutura elevatula, basi scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata,
humeris fortiter acute productis. ^?. Long. 27 — 4 mm.

A rather large species, but very variable in size, ill-developed examples being only
about one-third or one-fourth the bulk of the larger ones. The head and thorax are
densely clothed with a very pale golden squamosity, the eyes are strongly prominent
and usually of conical shape, the antennae elongate and slender with well-marked
3-jointed club. Thoracic impressions deep and distinct. Elytra red with black
markings, coarsely punctured, the longitudinal ridges little or not at all evident, tubercu-
late at the base on either side near the scutellum, the humeral angles strongly produced

COLEOPTERA 219

and acute. Their clothing consists of pale squamosity, which is not very dense, and is
absent from the dark markings, and numerous elongate white, erect setae, which are
conspicuous. The femora are not very stout, the lobes of the tarsi are somewhat
variable in size, but never very largely developed. The rostrum in the $ is short,
generally slightly narrowed to the apex, and the head in both sexes has a very distinct
transverse ridge (rarely interrupted) between the vertex and the front. All the coxae
are widely, and about equally, distant, the basal ventral abdominal segment is minutely
granular, rather than punctured.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; about 40 examples were taken.

(71) Proterhinus haleakalae, sp. nov.

Niger, pedibus antennisque rufescentibus. Caput post oculos constrictum, his
fortiter prominentibus. Antennae graciliores. Rostrum % fere opacum, crebre longi-
tudinaliter rugulosum, lateribus parallelis. Pronotum elongatum, lateribus subaequaliter
rotundatis, distincte 3-impressum, impressione antica lata, duabus posticis rotundatis.
Elytra elongata, parce pallide squamosa, setisque erectis albidis parcius vestita, fortiter
punctata, ad basim scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata, fere aequaliter convexa, humeris
peracute fortiter productis. Femora minus fortiter clavata, subgracilia, lobis tarsorum
anticorum minoribus. %, Long. 3*5 mm.

Only a single % of this species was collected, and it appears to be most nearly
related to P. epichrysus of the Maui species, but more closely still to P. lanaiensis of
Lanai. In colour it is entirely black, except for the dark reddish legs and the rather
more brightly coloured basal joints of the antennae. The transverse ridge between the
vertex and front of the head is very distinct, the eyes are strongly prominent. The
basal of the three joints of the club of the antennae is not very much more developed
than the preceding, so that the club is not very distinct. The anterior impression of
the elongate thorax is large and vague, the two posterior ones small, round, and definite.
The elytra are long, nearly parallel-sided for more than half their length, with traces of
the two longitudinal ridges, at least in certain aspects. All the femora are somewhat
slender, and the lobes of the front tarsi are decidedly small for the size of the insect.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala. A single $ was taken on April ist, 1894, at an elevation
of about 5000 ft.

(72) Proterhinus arhopalus^ sp. nov.

Nigricans vel piceo-niger, tibiis tarsisque obscurius rufescentibus. Oculi magni,
prominentes. Antennae incrassatae, articulo primo elongato, robuste clavato, secundo
elongato, subtriangulari, tertio hoc paullo longiore, 4°, 5°, (f et 7'' haud longioribus quam
F. H. II. 29

220 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

latioribus, angulis apicalibus posterioribus productis, 9°, 10° et ii'' his evidenter gracili-
oribus. Pronotum 3-impressum, lateribus subfortiter rotundatis. Elytra subsquamosa,
setisque erectis pallidis vestita, longitudinaliter subcarinulata, sutura subelevata, basi
scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata, humeris acute fortiter productis. Femora
antica fortiter incrassata, lobis tarsorum maximis. ^. Long, vix 4 mm. (Plate IX.
fig. 21. <?,)

This very remarkable species cannot be confused with any other, on account of the
structure of the antennae, the middle joints of which are produced at their hinder apical
angles, and are actually wider than the terminal ones, which usually form the club.
The front and vertex of the head are not divided by any evident ridge, the eyes are
strongly prominent, and the tarsal lobes of the front feet very large. The elytra when
closely examined are seen to have each a fine ridge about midway between the suture
and lateral margin. These ridges are a good deal more evident in one of the examples
than in the other, and the development of the antennae also is decidedly greater in one
of the two specimens.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala. Two male examples taken at an elevation of 5000 ft. in
October, 1896.

(73) Proterhinus epitrachys, sp. no v.

Niger, statura majore, antennis pedibusque nigricantibus. Antennarum articulus
primus brevis et robustus, secundus vix longior quam latior, caeteris elongatis, clava
elongata distinctissime 3-articulata. Oculi permagni, fortiter prominentes. Pronotum
squamosum, lateribus setis conspicuis erectis curvatis vestitis, fortissime 3-impressum,
medium longitudinaliter subsulcatum. Elytra variegato-squamosa, grossissime rugoso-
punctata, basi scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata, setis gracilibus erectis conspicue
vestita, sutura subdepressa, humeris fortiter productis. Femora antica sat incrassata,
lobis tarsorum parvis. ^. Long. 4 mm.

A large species, with very large eyes, antennae thick at the base, but becoming
slender before the club-joints, and unusually small lobes to the second joint of the front
tarsi. Thorax deeply impressed in the middle in front, and this impression connected by
a longitudinal groove with a postero-median impression, the two sublateral impressions
very deep and distinct, and rather large, the hind angles marked by a distinct spot of
white squamosity. Elytra uneven, submaculately squamose, impressed between the
basal tubercle and the strongly produced humeral angle on either side, the puncturation
extremely coarse and rugose, the sutural portion subdepressed. The fine erect setae
of the elytra and the curved ones on the prothorax unusually conspicuous. Tibiae
with the setae short and somewhat dense.

Hab. Maui. A single ^ taken on Haleakala in April, 1894, at an elevation of
less than 4000 ft.

COLEOPTERA 221

(74) Proterhintis separandus, sp. nov.

Rufescens, capite, thorace (plus minusve), antennis, femoribusque obscurioribus.
Capitis vertex a fronte baud divisus, Oculi magni, fortiter prominentes. Antennae
subgraciles, articulo primo crasso et brevi, clava distincte 3-articulata, baud notabili.
Pronotum pallide squamosum, antice abrupte constrictum et transversim impressum,
impressionibus posterioribus minus distinctis, dense rugoso-punctatum. Elytra griseo-
squamosa, sparsim nigro-maculata, obscurius longitudinaliter carinata, basi extrema
bituberculata, humeris productis. Femora sat fortiter incrassata, lobis tarsorum anti-
corum sat magnis. ^. Long. 3*2 mm.

This species is quite distinct from any other species known on Maui, but is very
closely allied to the Oahuan P, rujicornis. The single t example described above is
probably somewhat abraded, but there are evident erect pale setae still remaining on the
elytra. There is no trace of a ridge between the front and vertex of the head, and the
eyes are very large and strongly prominent. The antennae are not very slender, their
basal joint is very short and stout, the second slighdy longer than wide, the third about
twice as long as this, the club is distinctly formed by three joints, but is not unusually
elongate or in any way remarkable. This will easily distinguish the species from the
Oahuan P, ruficornis, which has the club very strongly developed, its basal joint being
more than usually elongate, very narrow at the base and much widened at the apex.
Basal segment of the abdomen beneath rather strongly punctured, evenly at the sides,
the puncturation becoming obsolete about the middle. Coxae rather less widely
separated than in most of the species.

Hab. Maui. A single example taken in the lao valley in March, 1894 ; and one
from the mountains of Molokai in 1893 i^^Y perhaps belong to the same species.

(75) P voter hinus maculatus, sp. nov.

Rufescens, femoribus nigricantibus, elytris nigro-maculatis. Antennae graciles,
rufae, clava vix plus quam 2-articulata. Oculi minores. Pronotum squamosum,
medium sat latum, antice fortiter abrupte constrictum, fortiter 3-impressum, lateribus
setis curvatis conspicue marginatis. Elytra maculatim squamosa, setisque erectis
pallidis parcius vestita, linea obliqua pallide squamosa posthumerali maculisque
rotundis compluribus postice ornata, basi emarginata, humeris distinctis, vel productis.
Femora omnia fortiter incrassata. Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale fortiter
sed minus dense punctatum. ^?. Long. 2*6 — 3 mm.

I have seen only two examples of this species, and the % is so different to the
t in form, owing to the extreme elongation of its elytra, as at first sight to appear

29 — 2

222 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

to be a quite distinct species. No doubt this will prove to be a variable character,
and probably common to either sex, as in many other species of the genus. The
species is not closely allied to any other of those taken on Maui, but rather re-
sembles P, vestitus of Oahu and its allies on Hawaii. It is remarkable for its red
colour, entirely red antennae, the club of which is hardly more than 2-jointed, since
(especially in the $) the ninth joint is but little different to the preceding, and the
strongly clavate black femora in either sex. The elytra have a distinct oblique post-
humeral elongate spot of pale squamosity, and several small roundish ones behind
these, they are subcompressed at the sides but can hardly be said to bear longi-
tudinal ridges. Their puncturation is close and coarse, and their form in the
$ is very long and narrow.

Hab. Maui, lao valley, March 1894.

(76) Proterhinus osculans^ sp. nov.

Parum latus, piceus, rufo-piceus vel rufescens, pedibus plerumque rufis, antennis,
articulo basali saepe excepto, nigris. Oculi minimi sed prominentes. Antennae
graciles, clava vix plus quam 2-articulata, articulo %"" et g'' inter se simillimis (hujus
apice paullo latiore). Pronotum parce squamosum, antice transversim impressum,
depressionibus posticis vel absentibus vel fere obsoletis. Elytra parum squamosa,
post media saepe squamositate pallida binotata, setis erectis brevioribus vestita,
densissime grosse rugoso-punctata, humeris acutis et productis. Femora omnia con-
spicue gracilia. J?. Long. 2 — 2*5 mm. (Plate X. fig. 6.)

This is very unlike any of the other Maui species, and it does not indeed appear
to be very closely allied to any other species of the genus. It is chiefly remarkable for
the unusually slender femora, the hardly more than two-jointed antennal club (the tenth
joint being much wider than the ninth, and this not very different to the preceding), and
the somewhat long rostrum of the $, which is narrowed towards the base, the surface
being entirely longitudinally rugose. The eyes are quite small, but prominent, the
squamous covering of the insect is sparse, revealing the dense puncturation, the surface
itself being sometimes even shining, and set with shortish erect setae. The elytra are
without longitudinal ridges, their humeral angles acute and somewhat produced.
Usually the entire insect is covered when captured with an exudation, which conceals
all the structure, and is difficult to remove.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft). About 20 examples taken.

(77) Proterhinus leptorhynchus, sp. nov.

Parum latus, rufescens, pronoto cum capite obscuriore, irregulariter squamosus.
Oculi parvi, prominuli. Antennae basi excepta nigrae, graciles, clava vix plus quam

COLEOPTERA 223

2-articulata. Pronotum latum, antice abrupte constrictum, densissime punctatum, im-
pressionibus posterioribus absentibus, linea longltudinali squamositatis densae utrinque
notatum, caetera parte parce squamosa, setis curvatis sat distinctis lateraliter vestitum.
Femora parum fortiter clavata. Elytra irregulariter albido-squamosa, baud inaequalia,
setis perpaucis erectis albldis inconspicue vestita, basim versus sat fortiter angustata,
humeris acutis. Rostrum % gracile, fortius elongatum, basim versus evidenter angus-
tatum. ?. Long. 2*5 mm.

This species is perhaps the most closely allied to P. osculans, having the
rostrum of the ? of very similar form, elongate and widening towards the apex, and also
very similar antennae. The general aspect of the two is very different, the abundant
short erect setae, which form the chief portion of the clothing in P. osculans, being
almost absent in the present species, and there are numerous other distinctions. The
basal abdominal segment beneath closely and strongly punctured at the sides.

Hab. Maui, lao valley. A single % example taken.

(j%^ Proterhinus mirabilis, sp, nov.

Nigricans, tibiis, lobisque tarsorum, rufescentibus. Caput post oculos subcon-
strictum, oculis fortiter prominentibus. Antennae elongatae, vix graciles, articulo
primo fortiter clavato et elongato, secundo robusto, longiore quam latiore, tertio
quartoque elongatis, lateribus fere parallelis, clavae 3-articuIatae articulo basali
longiore et evidenter latiore quam articulus octavus. Pronotum profunde 3-impressum,
antice fortiter angustatum, pallide (latera versus densissime) squamosum. Femora
antice fortissime incrassata, lobis tarsorum latis et permagnis. Elytra maculatim
squamosa, setisque erectis albidis parcius vestita, rugoso-punctata, subaequaliter con-
vexa, basi scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata, humeris productis. ^. Long, vix
4 mm. (Plate IX, fig. 22.)

A somewhat large species, with the lobes of the front tarsi very strongly developed.
The antennae are also remarkable, the basal joints being elongate but stouter than usual,
the first long and strongly clavate, the next two or three nearly parallel sided, whereas
the two or three preceding the club are short and of triangular shape. The three
terminal joints form a distinct club, the 9th joint being considerably wider at the apex
than the preceding. The head is constricted behind the eyes, an obscure ridge being
formed between the front and the vertex. The thorax is wide across the middle, but
very strongly and abruptly narrowed in front, the two posterior impressions are very
deep, roundish, and small, the front one wide and vague, but deepened at the middle.
The pale squamosity towards the sides is very dense. The elytra have no really
definite longitudinal ridges, but are nearly evenly convex, tuberculate on either side

224 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

of the scutellar region at the extreme base, the humeral angles being produced, but
hardly sharp. The front femora are extremely strongly incrassata, and the white
erect setae on all the tibiae are dense and conspicuous.

Hab. Maui. A single t of this fine insect was taken on Haleakala at an
elevation of 5000 ft. in May 1896.

(79) Proterhinus calliphyas, sp. no v.

Nigrescens, tibiis, tarsisque, necnon saepe parte elytrorum et fronte, et rarius
antennis, rufescentibus. Oculi parvi sed prominuli. Antennae graciles, articulis
duobus basalibus sat crassis, clava 3-articulata. Pronotum perinaequale, a latere
visum postice elevatum, medium longitudinaliter plus minusve distincte sulcatum,
latera versus densissime pallide squamosum, lateribus fortissime rotundatis. Elytra
maculatim squamosa, setisque erectis albis parce vestita, paullo post basim vage, sed
evidenter, depressiusculum, humeris productis. Femora omnia sat fortiter incrassata.
Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale dense minute granulato-asperulum, vix
punctatum. J $. 2*2 — 3 mm.

Although by no means a large insect this species is rather robust in form, especially
in the J sex. It is very distinct from most of the other species found on Maui which
have the humeral angles produced, by the form of the prothorax, which, seen from the
side, has the posterior half much elevated above the anterior, by the slender antennae
with the two basal joints stout, and by the rather obscure depression of the elytra a
little behind the basal margin. When in fine condition the elytra are prettily maculate,
and the prothorax towards the sides is very densely squamose, the middle portion much
less so. The dorsal and lateral portions of the thorax are very clearly marked off, the
two forming a sharp edge where they meet, and this edge is set with curved setae.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 — 5000 ft.) ; generally attached to Alyxia. Allied to
the larger P, mirabilis but very distinct.

(80) Proterhinus persimilis, sp. nov.

Major, fusco-niger, elytris pedibusque fusco-squamosis, P. dispari cognatissi-
mus. Antennae elongatae et gracillimae, articulo secundo brevissimo, tertio fortiter
elongato et gracillimo, clava 3-articulata, perelongata. Oculi fortissime prominentes.
Pronotum antice angustatum et impressum, impressionibus duabus posterioribus sat
distinctis, rotundatis. Elytra squamosa, setisque albidis erectis parce vestita, basi
scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata, dorso sutura excepta longitudinaliter impresso,
humeris leviter productis. Femora (praesertim t) insignissime incrassata, lobis tarsorum
anticorum latis. J $. Long. 3*5— 5 mm. (Plate X. fig. 7.)

COLEOPTERA 225

Closely allied to P. dispar, Sharp, of which species it might be regarded as a
highly-developed local race. The t is remarkable for the development of the rostrum,
which is less short than usual, and the extreme thickness of the femora. The eyes are
large and very prominent, the antennae long and very slender, the lobes of the front
tarsi strongly developed, being unusually wide, and the joint strongly transverse. The
tibiae have a clothing of somewhat fine hairs. These are also mainly the characters of
P, dispar, but that species may be distinguished by the less elongate and slender third
joint of the antennae, and indeed generally by the following joints also being shorter,
and it never attains the size of the larger examples of P, persimilzs.

Hab. Maui, lao valley ; attached to Wikstroemia,

(81) Proterhinus nivicola, sp. no v.

Totus niger, angustus, parce squamosus. Antennae nigrae, graciles, breviores,
clava vix 3-articulata. Oculi minores, minus prominentes. Pronotum subelongatum,
minus distincte 3-impressum, parum squamosum, sed ad angulos posteriores macula
albido-squamosa signatum. Elytra angusta, fortiter punctata, parcius obscure sub-
maculatim squamosa, setis erectis brevissimis et perinconspicuis, basi utrinque scutellum
juxta distincte tuberculata, angulis humeralibus fere rectis. Femora omnia minus fortiter
clavata, lobis tarsorum anticorum minutis. ?. Long, vix 3 mm.

Only a single example of the % of this species having been taken nothing is known
as to its variability. It is chiefly distinguished by its general black colour and narrow
elongate form, but possesses no very remarkable characters. The ninth joint of the
antennae is but little different to the preceding, so that the club is apparently 2-jointed.
To the characters given above it may be added that the rostrum is rather short, shining,
and with the longitudinal grooves somewhat strong, and that the basal ventral segment
of the hind-body is strongly and closely punctate over its whole surface. The species
is of interest as being the only one found far above the limit of the true forest.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (9000 ft.); taken not many weeks after the disappearance
of a heavy fall of snow.

(82) Proterhinus punctipennis Sharp.

Proterhinus punctipennis Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1881, p. 530.

The examples which served for the original description of this species were large
and well-developed specimens. It is, however, very variable, the development of the
antennae being much less strong in some examples than in others. The puncturation
of the elytra, which is in reality very coarse and close, appears much less striking in
individuals in which the squamous covering is more abundant, and frequently the insect

2 26 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

is entirely or to a large extent covered with an exudation, which altogether conceals or
very much changes the appearance of the sculpture. Generally the insect is red, with
dark lateral markings on the elytra, but some examples are nearly entirely blackish or
piceous, with black antennae. Small individuals with slender antennae certainly closely
approach the Oahuan P. oscillanSy but I cannot consider the two species identical.
Length 2 — 3 mm.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 — 5000 ft*) ; upwards of seventy examples of this
species have been examined.

(83) Proterhinus epimelas, sp. no v.

Nigricans, tibiis tarsisque et rarius femoribus rufescentibus, maculatim pallide
squamosus. Oculi parvi. Antennae graciles, articulo secundo elongato, baud minus
longo, vel etiam (praesertim in %) nonnunquam longiore quam tertius. Pronotum
antice depressum, lateribus fortiter rotundatis, setisque curvatis marginatis, utrinque
plaga sublaterali densissime albido-squamosa. Elytra maculatim squamosa, parcissime
albido-setulosa, punctata, humeris parum distinctis. <J?. Long, vix 2 — 2*5 mm.

A small species, remarkable for its dark colour, the tibiae and tarsi alone being as a
rule of a red or pitchy colour, and for the elongation of the second joint of the antennae,
which is subequal to the third in length, or not infrequently decidedly the longer of the
two. The prothorax is very densely squamose towards the sides, less so towards the
middle. The elytra have no longitudinal ridges, but are more or less perceptibly,
though vaguely, impressed transversely a little behind the base, and therefore have a
slight appearance of elevation at the extreme base in the region of the scutellum. The
humeral angles are obscure.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; an extensive series taken. This insect varies
a good deal in size, but is never a large and often a minute species.

(84) Proterhinus ruficollis^ sp. nov.

Rufescens, elytris nonnunquam plus minusve nigro-marginatis, supra rarius nigro-
infuscatis, parum dense squamosus. Antennae graciles, sat elongatae, ruficolores,
articulis apicalibus nonnunquam nigricantibus. Pronotum plerumque (j saltem) sat
latum, medium parce, latera versus densius, aureo-squamosum, vix evidenter punctatum,
antice transversim impressum. Elytra irregulariter nee dense squamosa, squamis
saepe maculas minus distinctas rotundatas formantibus, dense et sat distincte punctata,
setis erectis evidenter vestita, angulis humeralibus baud acutis. Femora postica minus
fortiter clavata, lobis tarsorum anticorum parvis. ^ $. Long. I'S — 2*2 mm.

COLEOPTERA 227

One of the smallest species of the genus generally remarkable for being entirely,
or for the most part, of a rufescent colour. The series of over a score of individuals
exhibit not a little variation, and the tendency in some of them to become very narrow
and elongate in form is remarkable, although a similar tendency is observed in several
other species. Certain individuals approach very closely to some varieties of P. deceptor,
but I cannot consider the two species identical

Hab. Maui, lao valley. A series of examples taken in March 1894. All were
obtained at the same time and place. A single example taken on Molokai perhaps
belongs to this species.

D. Species insulae Lanai propriae.

(85) Proterhinus insignis Sharp.

Proterhinus insignis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 173. PI. V, fig. 44
and 45.

This species is distinct at a glance by its large size (although it is of rather narrow
form), and the very strongly elongate slender antennae of the ^, with their exceeding
long but stout basal joint. In the ? this joint also is extremely elongated, but less so
than that of the ^. Length 3*5 — 4-5 mm.

Hab. Lanai, mountains (2000—3000 ft.) ; rare, only about a dozen examples
were taken.

(86) Proterhinus longicornis Sharp.

Proterhinus longicornis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 173.

t readily distinguished by the unusually long antennae, and especially of the 8th
joint, which is longer than the following or basal joint of the club. The antennae of
the % are much shorter, but the unusual length of the 8th joint is noticeable also in this
sex. The species appears to be most closely allied to P. kamptarthrus of Oahu, but
the two are very distinct. Length 2*5 — 375 mm.

Hab. Lanai, mountains ; rare, less than a score of specimens taken.

(87) Proterhinus lanaiensis, sp. nov.

Statura majore, suboblongus, rufo-niger, elytris plus minusve variegatis. Antennae
gracillimae, rufae, apicibus nonnunquam nigris, clava distincte 3-articulata. Oculi
magni, coniformes, fortiter prominentes. Caput post oculos fortiter constrictum. Pro-
notum dense aureo-squamosum, distincte 3-impressum, setis curvatis conspicuis. Elytra

F. H. II. 30

2 28 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

saepe nitida, grosse punctata, plus minus irregulariter vel maculatim squamosa, setis
erectis gracillimis perconspicuis crebre vestita, basi scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata,
humeris fortiter acute productis, lateribus saepe fere parallelis. ^ ?. Long. 3 — 4 mm.

When in fresh condition this species is readily distinguished by the distribution of
its squamous covering, and the very conspicuous and extremely fine erect setae, with
which the elytra are clothed, combined with the characters afforded by its shape,
the elytra being generally of more than usually parallel form, the distinct ridge formed
between the vertex and front of the head, the conical prominent eyes, the coarse
puncturation, and sometimes the shining surface of the elytra. There are on these,
in some examples, traces of longitudinal ridges, but they are generally indistinct.
Most closely allied, I think, to P. haleakalae, but certainly distinct The rostrum
in the % of that species is quite dull, while in P, lanaiensis it is, at least to a con-
siderable extent, shining.

Hab. Lanai, 2000 — 3000 ft. Not common.

(88) Proterhinus ineptus Sharp.

Proterhinus ineptus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 171.
Proterhinus integer Sharp, /. c, p. 172, var.

An extraordinarily variable species, of which P, integer Sharp is no doubt a narrow
and highly-developed variety. The prothorax is very variable in length and roundness,
and the size of eyes, tarsal lobes, length of the antennae are all variable characters.
Many of the varieties of this species occur quite constantly, and it is quite probable
that some of these are in the process of becoming distinct species, but between such
forms as P, ineptus and P, integer intermediate varieties certainly occur. The larger
individuals attain a length of about 4 mm., the smallest I have seen is less than 2 mm.
in length, but the latter is quite exceptional.

Hab. Lanai, throughout the forest, from 2000 — 3000 ft. Many examples (from
one to two hundred) examined.

(89) Proterhinus detritus Sharp.

Proterhinus detritus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 172.

(Plate X. fig. I.)

Of this species I have seen very few examples, the type (^) in Dr Sharp's
collection, and four or five examples taken by myself. The former is in very abraded
condition. The examples in the British Museum, which are placed under this name, as

COLEOPTERA

229

determined by Mr Blackburn, are of a quite different species, and not allied to the true
P. detritus^. The species is remarkable for its red or pitchy red colour, very elongate
elytra, the abrupt narrowing of the prothorax in front, whereby a more or less distinct
angle is formed on each side, the very short second joint to the antennae, and the
deep sulci of the rostrum of the $. The squamosity has not a maculate arrangement,
and is very scanty on the elytra, less so on the thorax, and dense on the face, and is
of a golden colour in fresh examples, in which the erect flavescent setae on the elytra
are quite conspicuous.

Hab. Lanai, 2000 ft. and upwards ; a very scarce species.

(90) Proterhinus epitretus, sp. nov.

Elongatus, ferrugineus, setis erectis sat conspicue vestitus. Antennae ferrugineae,
articulo secundo minus brevi, plus minusve elongato. Pronotum minus latum, saepe
subelongatum, setis appressis, aliisque curvatis et suberectis vestitum, 3-impressum.
Elytra elongata, grossissime punctata, setis elongatis, erectis, et gracillimis vestita,
dorso parum vel baud convexo, angulis humeralibus productis et acutis. t ?• Long.
275 — vix 4 mm. (Plate X. fig. 2.)

On account of the character of its clothing, form, and colour, this species could
only be confused with P, detritus Shp. of those species found in Lanai, but it is
distinct from that species by the form of the prothorax, less short second antennal joint,
and finer and longer erect setae of the elytra, as well as by the smoother and less
strongly grooved rostrum of the $, &c. P, epitretus on Lanai represents the P, longulus
of Oahu, from which it differs in the more extremely coarse puncturation of the
elytra, and the longer and finer erect setae, and the former character will also readily
separate it from P, ferrugineus of Hawaii. The species varies greatly in size, and
considerably in the length of the antennae. Minute examples are only one-half or
one-third the size of the well-developed individuals.

Hab. Lanai, mountains (2000 — 3000 ft.) ; attached to the stems of the fronds
of the tree-ferns.

(91) Proterhinus breviformis, sp. nov.

Sat latus, parum convexus, niger, tibiis tarsisque et nonnunquam antennis etiam
et femoribus rufis, elytris maculatim squamosis. t antennae fortius elongatae et
graciles, clava elongata 3-articulata. Pronotum latissimum, antice sat abrupte angus-

^ Since writing the above I find that three insects were sent by Mr Blackburn to Dr Sharp under the
number 449, and are marked A, B, and C. One oi these is the true F, detritus^ the other two are examples
of what I consider to be the commonest form of P. angularis^ the type specimens of that species being an
unusual variety. These two examples are very different to one another, one being very narrow in form, a
variety which I have taken on several islands in company with the more usual one of P, angularis. The
British Museum examples under P. detritus are also vars. of P. angularis.

30—2

230 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

tatum, ibique impressum, ad medium minus dense, latera versus densissime squamosum.
Elytra post basim depressiuscula, maculatim aureo-squamosa, setis perpaucis erectis
parum conspicue vestita, asperula, minus distincte punctata, angulis humeralibus ob-
scurioribus. ^ %, Long, circa 2*5 mm»

This little species is quite distinct, and rather reminds one of P. dispar. It
appears to be very constant in its general appearance, and may be at once recognized
from its nearest allies by its short and wide form, very wide thorax, long, slender
antennae, dark colour, and the maculate arrangement of the squamosity of its elytra.
The % appears to be generally more slender, and of less distinctive appearance than is
the ^, but superficially the sexes much resemble each other.

Hab, Lanai, 2000 ft. Not a common species, about a dozen examples were
taken in the winter of 1894.

(92) Proterhinus analcis, sp. nov.

Angustulus, sordide niger, vel piceus, squamis aureis irregulariter minus dense
vestitus. Antennae breviores, graciles, nigrae, basi rufa, clava parum abrupte 3-articu-
lata. Pronotum minus latum, saepe plus minusve evidenter 3-Impressum vel antice
tantum impressum, lateribus minus fortiter rotundatis. Elytra subirregulariter squamosa,
setisque brevissimis erectis vestita, basi scutellum juxta utrinque plus minusve tuber-
culata, angulis humeralibus plerumque fere rectis. t %* Long. 1*5 — 275 mm.

Quite one of the most obscure species of the genus and generally of minute size,
and chiefly distinguished by the fact that it possesses, at least so far as I can see,
no notable peculiarity of structure. The antennae are shorter than in most species,
generally black, with one or more of the basal joints red, sometimes entirely black.
The prothorax frequently shows three impressions, and is not at all wide. The elytra
are usually subtuberculate at the extreme base on each side near the scutellum, and the
squamous clothing is irregular and not dense, the erect setae short. These points and
the obscure colour furnish the best characters, but the insect in reality is quite unlike
any other species found on Lanai, nor will it agree with any of those taken on other of
the islands.

Hab. Lanai, mountains ; some dozens of this species have been examined.

(93) Proterhinus epichlorus^ sp. nov.

J rufescens, rarius rufo-niger, palHde, vix vel haud maculatim, squamosus. Anten-
nae fortiter elongatae, articulo secundo elongato, quam tertius vix vel haud minus longo.
Pronotum latum, subaequaliter sat dense aureo-squamosum, lateribus fortiter rotundatis.

COLEOPTERA

231

Elytra pallide squamosa, necnon setis brevibus erectis vestita, basi scutellum juxta
subelevata, angulis humeralibus obscuris. Femora sat incrassata, lobls tarsorum anti-
corum baud minutis, t ?. Long, vix 2 — 2-5 mm.

Amongst the species with indistinct humeral angles, this is chiefly remarkable
for the following characters, at least in the t sex. The antennae are strongly developed,
the basal joint robust and somewhat long, the second elongate, and when seen in some
aspects as long as, or hardly less long than, the following. The club is of three joints,
but not very distinct, as the intermediate joints are generally less slender than in many
species. Thorax very strongly rounded at the sides. Lobes of front tarsi fairly well
developed. Elytra with the erect setae short, and at the base in the region of the
scutellum a litde elevated. The colour of the insect is generally rufescent, sometimes
with some darker markings on the elytra, but occasional specimens are much obscured
with blackish colouring.

The $ which I assign to these males resembles it in general appearance but
appears to vary in the length of the antennal joints.

The elongation of the second antennal joint in this species calls to mind P. epinielas
of Maui, but the superficial appearance of the two is entirely different.

Hab. Lanai (2000 — 3000 ft.); not rare.

E. Species insulae Molokai propriae.

(94) Proterkinus molokaiensis^ sp. nov.

Major, elongatulus, sordide niger, elytris magna ex parte rufescentibus. Antennae
subvalidae, articulo primo fortius elongato, sed robustissimo, secundo brevissimo, clava
evidenter 3-articulata, sed parum conspicua. Oculi magni fortiter prominentes. Pro-
notum subelongatum, dense punctatum, antice subabrupte et fortiter constrictum,
3-impressum, pallide squamosum, setis curvatis suberectis anterius marginatum. Elytra
et longitudinaliter et transversim subinaequalia, dorso rufescente et pallide squamoso,
subdeplanato, setis erectis pallidis conspersim sed conspicue vestita, remotius punctata,
basi utrinque scutellum juxta fortiter tuberculata, humeris acutis, fortiter productis.
Femora fortiter incrassata, lobis tarsorum anticorum parum elongatis, sed robustis.
t. Long. 3-5 mm.

Allied to P, validus of Maui, this species is quite distinct.

Hab. Molokai. A single ^ taken in the mountains at an elevation of 3000 ft, in
June 1896.

232 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(95) Proterhinus convexiusculusy sp. nov.

Nigricans (nonnunquam rufescens), elytris plerumque plus minus rufescentibus, sat
convexis, pallide aureo-squamosus. Oculi magni, prominentes. Pronotum pallida
squamosum, forma variabili, impressionibus sat profundis (nonnunquam lutoso-repletis),
medium saepe longitudinaliter subsulcatum. Elytra sat convexa, pallide aureo- vel
griseo-squamosa, squamis baud remotis minus distincte punctata, angulis ipsis humerali-
bus fortiter acute productis, sutura elevatula, setis erectis parce conspersis. Abdominis
segmentum primum ventrale subtiliter granulatim asperulum. ^ $. Long. 2*6 — 3*5
mm.

A variable species, individuals differing a good deal in size, colour, and distribution
of the squamosity, as well as in the length and thickness of the antennae, &c. I have
had some doubt as to whether it can be absolutely separated from that excessively
variable species P, integer of Lanai, but have thought it better to keep the two apart.
One almost entirely black example of this species has been taken, even the antennae
being entirely of that colour, and only the tarsal lobes are piceous, and this individual
has the elytra covered with grey squamosity. Usually the squamous covering is
co-extensive with the red colour of the wing-cases, which typically are red at the base
and there squamose, the apical dark parts being nearly free from squamosity, the extent
of the red colour and squamous covering varying together. In /^. convexiusculus it
may be observed there is little or no trace of a transverse ridge between the front and
vertex of the head.

Hab. Molokai, mountains, generally at an elevation of about 4000 ft. Numerous
examples were taken, but many of them are in indifferent condition.

(96) Proterhinus echinoides^ sp. nov.

Nigricans, elytris rufis, nigro-signatis, tibiis tarsisque rufescentibus, antennis fere
nigris, pallide squamosus. Antennae breviores, subcrassae, clava 2-articulata. Oculi
magni. Pronotum minus profunde 3-impressum, medium dense, latera versus minus
dense, squamis pallidis vestitum. Elytra sat fortiter et fere aequaliter convexa, squamis
pallidis necnon setis multis elongatis erectisque perconspicue vestita, basi scutellum
juxta utrinque tuberculata, angulis humeralibus fortiter productis. Femora omnia cum
tibiis setis elongatis pallidis conspicue vestita, tarsorum anticorum lobis sat minutis. ^.
Long. 2*5 — 27 mm.

A small species, but very easily recognized by the unusual development of the
erect setae on the elytra and legs, the short stout antennae, with the club hardly more
than 2 -jointed, large eyes, small tarsal lobes, and nearly evenly and somewhat strongly
convex elytra. One example has the antennae rather more elongate than the others.

Hab. Molokai, mountains (3000 ft.) ; three males taken in June 1896.

COLEOPTERA 233

(97) ProterkiuMs lettcothorax, sp. nov.

Nigro- vel rufo-piceus, pedibus antennarumque basi plus minus rufescentibus.
Oculi sat magni, prominuli. Pronotum fortiter 3-impressum, setis appressis squamisque
albidis dense vestitum (impressionibus 2 lateralibus densissime squamis albicantlbus
vestitis), medium postice subsulcatum. Elytra grosslssime dense rugoso-punctata,
maculis duabus albidis squamosis postice signata, ex majore parte squamis carentia, sed
setulis brevibus erectis albidis sat evidenter vestita, sutura distincte elevatula, cariniformi,
angulis humeralibus fortiter productis. Femora postica parum fortiter incrassata, t ?•
Long. 2 — 2*25 mm.

One of the smallest species of those which have the humeral angles of the elytra
strongly produced forwards. It is chiefly remarkable for the gross sculpture of the
elytra which are nearly free from squamous covering, and especially for the peculiarly
dense whitish clothing of the thorax. I see no trace of a transverse ridge between the
front and vertex of the head in the J, and only the faintest trace thereof in the ?. The
species is allied to P. innotabilis,

Hab. Molokai. Three examples (one of which has lost most of the squamous
covering) were taken at an elevation of about 4000 ft.

(98) Proterhinus angustior, sp. nov.

Subgracilis, nigricans, elytris plus minusve (praecipue basim versus) rufescentibus.
Antennae graciliores, minus fortiter elongatae, articulis basalibus plerumque rufescenti-
bus, clava 3-articulata. Pronotum baud latissimum, ? saepe angustulum, baud dense
squamosum, subfortiter 3-impressum. Elytra angustiora, nigricantia, partibus pallidiori-
bus (sc. rufescentibus) squamas pallidas ferentibus, setis erectis, elongatis, parce
conspersis, sat evidenter vestita, fere aequaliter convexa, basi scutellum juxta utrinque
plus minus tuberculata, sutura levissime elevata, humeris fortiter productis. Oculi
parum fortiter prominentes. Femora omnia fortiter incrassata, lobis tarsorum anticorum
minoribus. t ?• Long. 2*4 — vix 3 mm.

The affinities of this species are evidently with P. humeralis of Maui, which
in many respects it greatly resembles. All the femora are quite strongly incrassate,
very much as in that species, but the antennae, especially those of the ^, are much less
developed, as also are the eyes and the lobes of the front tarsi. The chief variation
exhibited by the seven examples taken lies in the shape of the prothorax, which is a
good deal more globose in some than in others. No doubt in a long series the tendency
would be to a greater elongation generally in the females, as I have observed to be the
case with other species. The sides of the rostrum of the % are slightly convergent
from base to apex.

Hab. Molokai, mountains (3000 ft.).

234 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(99) Proterhinus heterotarsus, sp. nov.

Nigricans, elytris rufis plus minusve nigro- vel fusco-notatis, tibiis, tarsis, antennis-
que plerumque rufis, his apicem versus nigricantibus. Antennae graciles, clava distincte
3-articulata. Pronotum aequaliter minus dense squamosum, minus fortiter 3-impressum,
globosum, lateribus fortiter rotundatis. Elytra griseo-squamosa, setisque erectis pallidis
conspersim vestita, basi emarginata, humeris productis et acutis. Femora sat incrassata ;
tarsorum anticorum articulus secundus brevissimus, fortiter transversus, lobis brevibus.
Species praecedenti simillima. ^ $. Long. 2 — 27 mm.

Apparently closely allied to the preceding species (P. angustior), but generally of
less narrow form, and with the thorax more globose, the antennae rather longer and
more slender, and the elytra more nearly covered with squamosity, the dark markings
being reduced. The variation of both species makes it difficult to distinguish the two
in description, but the tarsi appear to be constantly different in form, the lobes of the
second joint of the front pair being in this species extremely short, and the whole joint
very small and strongly transverse, while the rostrum of the $ is nearly parallel-sided,
not gradually but slightly narrowed to the apex. The extent to which the humeral
angles of the elytra are produced is decidedly variable.

Hab. Molokai, mountains (3000 ft.) ; only six or seven examples taken.

(100) Proterhinus erythrodeSy sp. nov.

Minor, rufescens, totus fere aequaliter pallido-squamosus, elytris nonnunquam
fusco- vel nigro-notatis. Antennae graciles, elongatae, clava distincte 3-articulata,
rubricolores, nonnunquam articulis apicalibus nigricantibus. Oculi minores, parum
prominentes. Pronotum globosum, parum distincte impressum, aequaliter pallide
squamosum, lateribus fortiter rotundatis. Elytra pallide squamosa, setisque nonnullis
pallidis erectis parum conspicue vestita, aequaliter convexa, basi leviter emarginata,
humeris distinctis, sed vix acutis vel productis. Femora omnia cum tibiis tarsisque
rufescentia (rarius obscurata), lobis tarsorum anticorum minutis. t ?. Long, i '6 —
2 "5 mm.

A small and obscure species, without any striking characters. The antennae are
rather long and quite slender, with a distinctly 3-jointed apical club ; they are often
entirely of a clear red colour, but the apical joints are sometimes more or less dark.
The colour of the insect is red, that of the thorax being sometimes more or less
obscured, as also is the head, and the elytra often have some dark markings. The
squamous covering is evenly distributed over the greater part of the surface. The
elytra at the base are lightly emarginate, but the humeral angles are hardly produced, or
distinctly acute. The eyes are small and the lobes of the front tarsi minute.

Hab. Molokai, mountains (3000 ft.) ; only nine examples of this species were
taken.

COLEOPTERA 235

(loi) Proterhinus ombrophilus, sp. nov.

Totus niger, baud latus, squamis pallidis inaequallter vestitus. Rostrum % totutn
opacum, subtiliter longitudinaliter rugulosum, basim versus sensim angustatum. An-
tennae nigrae, breviores, clava parum distlncte 3-articulata (sc. artlculo %"" et 9"" inter se
baud multo diversis). Oculi minores, sed subprominuli. Pronotum baud dense
squamosum, rugoso-punctatum, obscurius 3-impressum, lateribus minus fortiter rotun-
datis, et macula albida squamosa denslore signatis. Elytra baud inaequalia, basim
versus baud distincte angustata, obscure punctata et ubique asperula, irregulariter
(submaculatim) albido-squamosa, setis erectis brevibus et subconspicuis, basi leviter
emarginata, bumeris distinctis, sed minus fortiter prominulis. Femora baud fortiter
incrassata, tarsis omnibus nigris. %. Long. 2 mm. vix superans.

Tbis species is closely allied to tbe unique P, nivicola of Maui, witb wbich it closely
agrees in colour, clotbing, form of antennae, and rostrum, as well as in tbe somewbat
peculiar sculpture. It differs from tbat species at once in its mucb less elongate elytra,
wbicb do not exhibit tbe same tendency to inequality of tbe surface. P. ombrophihis bas
tbe elytra of only moderate lengtb.

Hab. Molokai. A single example taken in tbe bigbest forest of tbe island, in
May 1893.

(102) Proterhinus pteridis, sp. nov.

Elongatus, angustissimus, rufescens^ elytris saepe plus minus fusco- vel nigro-
maculatis. Antennae brevissimae, incrassatae, articulo primo robusto, triangulari (?
etiam fortiter elongato), caeteris brevissimis, clava brevi tantum 2-articulata. Pronotum
squamosum, saepe plus minus evidenter 3-impressum, impressione antica majore, lateri-
bus minus fortiter rotundatis. Elytra perelongata pulcbre maculatim squamosa, setisque
albidis vestita, bumeris baud productis. Pedes sat robusti, lobis tarsorum minutioribus.
t $. Long. 175 — 2*5 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 24. ^.)

Altbough varying a good deal in tbe development of some of tbe characters, tbis
small species by its elongate and very narrow form, its maculate elytra, and extra-
ordinarily short and thick antennae, is one of the most remarkable and distinct species
of tbe genus. It is I think allied to P. navita, wbicb makes some approach to it in tbe
structure of tbe two basal joints of tbe antennae.

Hab. Molokai (3000 ft.) ; in tbe leaf-stalk of a species o{ Pteris,
F. H. II. 3^

236 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

F. Species insulae Hawaii propriae.
(103) Proterhinus hawaiiensis, sp. nov.

Nigro- vel rufo-piceus, statura majore. Antennae graciles, elongatae, articulo
tertio cum sequentibus sat fortiter elongate, clava distinctissime 3-articulata, articulo
g'', quam 8""', multo longiore. Oculi permagni, fortiter prominentes. Pronotum profunde
3-impressum (impressione quarta postice plus minus distincta), setis depressis aliisque
curvatis et erectis vestitum, haud latum. Elytra pallide squamosa, setisque erectis sat
crebre conspicueque vestita, grosse punctata, basi scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata,
humeris productis. Femora minus fortiter incrassata, tibiis anterioribus elongatis et
gracilibus, tarsorum lobis parum magnis. $ ?. Long, vix 4 — 475 mm. (Plate X.
fig. 8.)

Only a pair of this large species have been examined. The elytra are much more
elongate in the $ than in the ^, but otherwise, apart from the usual sexual differences,
the two are very similar structurally. The puncturation of the elytra is apparently very
coarse and rough, but is not clearly seen owing to the squamosity. The species is
easily recognised by its large size, very large and prominent eyes, long slender antennae,
uneven setose thorax, the elytra somewhat impressed along the suture, the more than
usually elongate and slender clavate hind femora, the long slender front tibiae, and for
the size of the insect the small lobes of the front tarsi. It is allied to P. epitrachys of
Maui.

Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 3000 ft. September 1892, i $ ; Olaa, 2000 ft. November
1896, I ^. No doubt a rare species.

(104) Proterhinus vulcanus^ sp. nov.

Niger, tarsis antennisque plus minus ve rufescentibus. Antennae sat elongatae sed
crassiusculae, clava distinctissime 3-articulata (sive articulo 8"", quam 9"^ multo minore).
Oculi magni, fortiter prominentes. Pronotum profunde 3-impressum, pallide (sat dense)
Vestitum, antice (saepe abrupte) angustatum. Elytra inaequalia, dorso subdeplanato,
irregulariter aut maculatim cinereb-squamosa, setis erectis pallidis sat conspicuis, basi
scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata, humeris productis. Tarsorum anticorum articulus
secundus major, lobis haudquaquam parvis. Rostrum $ longitudinaliter rugulosum.
Z ?. Long, vix 3 — 3 '2 5 mm.

This species appears to be allied somewhat to the P, lecontei of Maui, and
also perhaps to the preceding species \P. hawaiiensis). There are distinct traces of
longitudinal and transverse unevenness of the surface of the elytra, but it is much less
marked than that of P. lecontei. The thickness of the antennae is no doubt variable,

COLEOPTERA 237

and one t has these organs evidently more elongate and more slender than those of the
other examples of either sex. The general resemblance in colour and clothing between
the few individuals secured is very great. It is one of the darkest species, and of rather
large size.

Hab. Hawaii (3000—4000 ft.) ; rare, but widely distributed. Five examples only
were secured in the Kona and Kau districts.

(105) Proterhinus peles, sp. no v.

Niger, lobis tarsorum antennisque nonnunquam rufescentibus, parce ferrugineo-
squamosus. Antennae graciles, elongatae, clava distinctissime 3-articulata. Oculi
magni, subconici, fortiter prominentes. Pronotum minus latum, minus profunde
3-impressum, antice subabrupte angustatum, aequaliter nee dense squamosum. Elytra
subinaequalia, sparsim ferrugineo-squamosa, setisque gracillimis albis sat conspicue, nee
dense, vestita, basi utrinque scutellum juxta tuberculata, humeris acute productis.
Femora postica minus fortiter incrassata, lobis tarsorum anticorum magnis. t ?. Long.
275—3 n^i^-

A somewhat distinct-looking species, of dark colour and moderate size. The
antennae are fairly long and quite slender, the club very well-marked, and consisting of
three joints. The eyes and tarsal lobes are both large. The elytra are not much
covered with squamosity, this being chiefly noticeable along the two by no means
strongly marked longitudinal ridges. The suture is also a little raised. The humeral
angles are produced and very acute, and the basal tubercles well marked, as also is the
puncturation. The colour of the insect is black or obscure pitchy-black, the lobes of
the tarsi and antennae sometimes paler. Rostrum of the female rugulose, dull, or
hardly shining.

Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea (4000 ft.) ; i t and i % taken in 1895.

(io6) Proterhinus rufescens, sp. nov.

Rufescens, capite, thorace, femoribusque, saepe obscurioribus, elytris plus minusve
nigro-maculatis. Antennae minus fortiter elongatae, articulis saepe crassiusculis, non-
nunquam sat gracihbus. Oculi magnitudine mediocres, prominuli. Pronotum sat
fortiter 3-impressum, aequaliter subferrugineo-squamosum. Elytra rufa, nigro-maculata,
subseriatim fortiter punctata, minus dense squamosa, albidis duabus postice maculis
ornata, setisque albis elongatis rarius conspersa, fere aequaliter convexa, basi scutellum
juxta utrinque tuberculata, humeris fortiter acute productis. Femora postica minus
fortiter incrassata, lobis tarsorum anticorum magnitudine mediocribus. ^ $. Long,
175—3 ^n^-

31—2

238 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

This species in its typical condition is distinct enough from any other of those
taken on Hawaii. The antennae (as above indicated) vary in stoutness, and the insect
varies greatly in size, while the colour is sometimes much obscured, dark varieties being
occasionally found. Minute examples naturally have the eyes and other parts less
developed. In general, the red colour, and strongly produced humeral angles of the
nearly evenly convex elytra, which are deeply and distinctly punctured (at least in clean
examples), and which have two distinct spots of whitish squamosity, one on either side
of the suture towards the apex, will distinguish it from the several following species, to
which it is most nearly allied. It may be observed that there is no distinct transverse
ridge formed between the vertex and front of the head as in some species on the other
islands, to which this is otherwise very similar in appearance.

Hab. Hawaii, Kau district (4000 ft.) ; 40 or more examples taken.

(107) Proterhinus affinis, sp. no v.

Elongatulus, minus latus, nigricans vel obscure rufescens, parte elytrorum dorsali
tota vel ex majore parte rufa. Oculi magni. Antennae forma variabiles, saepius
crassiusculae, nonnunquam graciles, articulo secundo brevissimo, clava distincte 3-articu-
lata. Pronotum minus latum, vel subelongatum, minus dense pallide squamosum, plus
minusve evidenter 3-impressum, Elytra irregulariter, plerumque maculatim, squamosa,
dorso rufo, saepe subdepresso vel deplanato, basi utrinque scutellum juxta tuberculata,
humeris distinctis, subacutis, parum productis. ^ $. Long. 2*25 — 3*5 mm.

This variable species in the smallest examples bears a great resemblance to large
ones of P, gracilis, but the two are certainly distinct, the eyes and tarsal lobes
being normally more developed in P. affinis, and the antennae thicker. These latter
organs, however, exhibit some variability both in stoutness and length. Examples of
the species taken in Kona generally have the elytra more evenly convex, less flattened
or depressed above. In those from Kau, they are, in some cases, not only distinctly
flattened, but show traces of longitudinal and transverse ridges. The humeral angles
are distinct, although but little produced, and the tubercles in the region of the scutellum
are distinct. The hind femora are not very strongly incrassate. There is no distinct
ridge between the vertex and front of the head.

Hab, Hawaii (3000 — 4000 ft.); about 50 examples were taken from various
localities,

(108) Proterhinus gracilis Sharp.

Proterhinus gracilis Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, i88i, p. 529.
This species in its typical condition is distinct enough, by its narrow and elongate
form (especially in the $), the slender antennae, and dark elytra, marked with red at the

COLEOPTERA 239

base. I have assigned to it specimens of much more obscure appearance, and with the
humeral angles of the elytra less produced, but it is quite possible some of these belong
to another distinct species. In any case P, gracilis varies greatly in size, colour and
length of the elytra. It is allied to the preceding species, P, affinis, as I have remarked
under that insect.

Hab. Hawaii. Various districts and localities (3000 and 4000 ft.); a great
number of examples were taken.

(109) Proterhinus eurkynchus, sp. nov.

Nigricans, elongatulus, elytris irregulariter pallide squamosus. Oculi magni, pro-
minentes. Antennae subcrassae, rufescentes, clava 3-articulata. Rostrum t elongatum,
aeque longum ac latum, vel paullo longius, lateribus pubescentia pallida densiore margi-
natis. Pronotum minus latum, fortiter 3-impressum, setis appressis aliisque curvatis et
suberectis vestitum. Elytra basim versus obscure rufescentia, ibique pallide squamosa,
subinaequalia, basi scutellum juxta utrinque distincte tuberculata, angulis humeralibus
subproductis et distinctis. ^. Long, circiter 3 mm. (Plate X. fig. 9.)

This species is very like P, affinis in form and general appearance, but is of a
darker colour. The antennae are quite stout, the intermediate joints being a good deal
widened from the base to apex, being of elongate triangular form. The t is easily
known by the long rostrum, which is even a little longer than its width at the base, and
is clothed at the sides with a dense outstanding pale pubescence. I cannot assign any
% to the two males with the above characters.

Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea ; 2 Z taken in July 1895.

(iio) Proterhinus tarsalis Blackb.

Proterhinus tarsalis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 171.

Only three or four examples of this species were taken by me, the % having the
antennae a good deal more elongate, and thinner, than those obtained by Mr Blackburn.
The species is a distinct one in superficial appearance, and is allied to P, vestitus Shp.
and P. angularis Shp., having the basal abdominal segment closely and strongly
punctured beneath, as in those species.

Hab. Hawaii, Mauna Loa, at an elevation of 6000 ft. (Blackburn) ; Kona
(3000 ft.) ; a few examples taken.

240 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

{ill) Proterhinus hypotretus, sp. nov.

Sordide niger, vel rufescens, elytris nigro-maculatis. Antennae minus fortiter
elongatae, crassiusculae. Oculi minus fortiter prominentes. Pronotum minus dense
squamosum, plerumque plus minusve evidenter 3- vel 4-impressum, impressione anteriore
sat distincta. Elytra maculatim squamosa, macula albida humerali aliisque posterioribus
subrotundatis, sat distinctis, setisque erectis gracilibus albidis conspicue vestita, basi
leviter emarginata, humeris distinctis, sed parum productis. Abdominis segmentum
primum ventrale dense ac fortiter punctatum. Long. 2*2 — 3 mm.

Allied to the preceding species, but of wider form, and differing in colour, the
insect being redder. Also closely allied to P. vestitus of Oahu, some varieties of
P, angularis, &c., but certainly distinct from any of these. In fresh examples the
maculate arrangement of the squamosity of the elytra, and the numerous erect fine
setae, are very conspicuous. The elytra themselves are usually flattened or slightly
impressed along the suture, the condition of the humeral angles is very similar to that
seen in the same parts of P. vestitus. The lobes of the front tarsi are by no means
large.

Hab. Hawaii.

(112) Proterhinus desquamatus, sp. no v.

Ferrugineus (elytris cum capite nonnunquam obscuratis sive nigro-rufis), elongatus,
parum squamosus. Antennae concolores, rufae, articulo secundo brevissimo. Prono-
tum parum latum vel subelongatum, parum profunde 3-impressum, subaequaliter nee
dense squamulosum, angulis posticis macula squamosa densiore signatis, lateribus
rotundatis. Elytra elongata, vix squamosa, setis erectis pallidis, minus elongatis,
sparsim sed conspicue vestita, dense fortiterque punctata, basi emarginata, humeris
acutis. Abdominis segmentum primum ventrale fortiter et distincte punctatum. t ?.
Long, circiter 3 mm.

On account of its elongate narrow form, ferruginous colour, and lack (at least for
the most part) of squamous covering, this species could only be compared with P, fer-
rugineus, so far as the species of Hawaii are concerned. It is distinct at once from that
insect by the distinctly and strongly punctured basal segment of the hind-body beneath.
Extremely closely allied to P. detritus of Lanai, it may be distinguished from that
species by the more evenly rounded sides of the prothorax, which are not so strongly
and abruptly narrowed in front, and the puncturation of the elytra is apparently rather
less coarse.

Hab. Hawaii, Kona (2000 — 3000 ft,) ; rare, 2 t and i % only having been taken.

COLEOPTERA 241

(113) Prote^^hinus ferrugineus, sp. no v.

Elongatus, ferrugineus, elytris saepe nigro-notatis, setis appressis erectisque ves-
titus, baud squamosus. Antennae concolores, ferrugineae. Pronotum baud latum, setis
appressis, aliisque curvatis et suberectis latera versus vestitum, plus minusve evidenter
3-impressum, antice saepe abruptius constrictum. Elytra fortiter elongata, baud squa-
mosa, setis erectis brevissimis, aliisque longioribus, conspicue et densius vestita, fortiter
dense punctata, basi scutellum juxta utrinque tuberculata, angulis humeralibus productis
et subacutis. Femora postica gracilia, parum fortiter clavata. Abdominis segmentum
primum ventrale circa medium parum distincte punctatum, granulatim asperulum. t ?.
Long. 3 — 4*2 mm.

Very closely allied to the Oahuan P, longulus, of which species it is the repre-
sentative on Hawaii. Of P, longulus I have only seen the types in Dr Sharp's
collection, but P, ferrugineus is no doubt on the average a larger species, and yet has
the hind femora still less clavate, and also appears to differ slightly in the sculpture and
clothing of the elytra, and in other small points.

Hab. Hawaii (4000 ft.). In the leaf-stems of the tree-ferns, to which P. longulus
is also attached.

(114) Proterhinus similis Blackb.

Proterhimis similis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 170.

Species maxime variabilis, antennis nigris vel nigrescentibus, articulis 2 basalibus
baud distincte rufis, elytrorum basi saepe emarginata, sed angulis humeralibus ipsis
baud acute productis, saepe minus distinctis. t ?• Long. 2 — 3*5 mm.

This species is so extraordinarily variable, that it would be useless to draw up any
lengthy and minute description, as it would apply to but few examples. It belongs to
the section in which the humeral angles themselves are not distinctly produced forwards
and acute, although the base of the elytra is often emarginate. The insect is black, red,
or parti-coloured, the elytra sometimes entirely covered, sometimes nearly free from
squamosity, which varies in colour from golden to grey ; sometimes they are maculately
squamose. Often they are depressed or flattened, often evenly convex, but nearly
always they appear slightly elevated at the extreme base near the scutellum, and at that
point have a small area along the suture free from squamosity, even when elsewhere
they are entirely covered. The antennae are exceedingly variable, short or of medium
length, with the joints robust and minutely asperated, or decidedly elongate, even the
second joint being sometimes somewhat long and slender, and there are various inter-
mediate conditions. In colour they are black, even the basal joints being black or at
least dark. This character readily distinguishes the species from the other species of
this group (the Hawaii form of P. deceptor), which has the basal two joints (at least) of

242 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

the antennae clear red, and the second joint more rounded. In those examples with
the longest and most slender antennae, the front tibiae are often much lengthened, and
the tarsal lobes appear to be very minute, and decidedly smaller than are those of
certain other forms. After the examination of a vast amount of material (consisting of
hundreds of examples) I have come to the conclusion that this species is at the present
time in the process of becoming differentiated into a number of distinct forms. Some
of these forms indeed may already be really distinct species, but to decide whether this
is the case would probably require very careful observations of the living insect in
various localities.

Hab. Hawaii. Common on the mountains, especially at an elevation of about
4000 ft. The whole insect is often covered with a muddy substance.

G. Species quae duas vel complures insulas incolunt.

(115) Proterhinus innotabilis, sp. no v.

Nigricans vel piceus, rare rufescens, elytrorum basi plerumque rufescente et pallide
squamosa. Oculi prominuli. Antennae graciliores, minus fortiter elongatae. Capitis
vertex a fronte linea transversa elevata (nonnunquam fracta) divisus. Pronotum minus
latum, subferrugineo-squamosum, fortiter et distincte 3-impressum. Elytra minus elon-
gata. fortiter crebre punctata, sutura saepe elevatula, basi plerumque rufescente, ibique
pallide squamosa, postice maculis duabus albidis squamosis utrinque suturam juxta
saepe notata, setis erectis albidis minus fortiter elongatis sparsim vestita, ad basim
utrinque scutellum juxta tuberculata (tuberculis saepe albido-squamosis), angulis ipsis
humeralibus fortiter acute productis. t ?• Long, (exemplorum in insula Maui capt.)
2 — 3 mm.

So far as examples from Maui are concerned this is a small species, or at least only
of moderate size in very largely developed individuals. It is one of the most obscure
of the numerous species found on Haleakala, and is allied to P, epichrysus and P. breui-
pennis, but cannot be referred to either. On Molokai I have taken specimens of a
Proterhinus exceeding like P. innotabilis but of larger average size, and which appa-
rently pass from this form into one, which becomes largely different to the typical
Haleakala form, and indeed in many respects approaches the Molokai species P, con-
vexmscultis. These examples from Molokai are themselves a most puzzling series, and
may represent more than one species, but I have not cared to consider them at present
as more than varieties of P, innotabilis, especially as this species is itself not a little
variable.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala {4000 — 5000 ft.), Molokai. Not rare, many examples
having been taken. The examples taken on Molokai are apparently referable to the
same species.

COLEOPTERA 243

(116) Proterhinus angularis Sharp.

Proterhinus angularis Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1881, p. 530.

An extremely variable species, no examples of the very long series examined
agreeing altogether with the original types. In the most common form the antennae
are long and slender, and clothed with stiff and conspicuous setae. Thorax very
variable in shape, generally rather narrow, rarely constricted in front as in the type.
The anterior depression is usually deep and distinct, the two posterior ones often
obsolete. The posterior angles are not distinctly marked by spots of dense squamosity.
Elytra long and narrow, shoulders always produced, but not very sharp, marked with a
patch of pale squamosity, and behind there are often a number of more or less distinct
and roundish pale squamous spots.

Small examples are often of extremely narrow and elongate form. The dark
colour, form of the humeral angles of the elytra, and patches of pale squamosity thereon,
and the strongly and closely punctured basal ventral segment of the abdomen are the
most constant characters. The type specimens are remarkable for the more obscure
colour of the very conspicuous erect setae on the elytra, and I have only seen a few-
examples resembling them in this respect. Usually the longer setae are quite white,
and I am by no means satisfied as to the identity of the two forms, which may be
closely allied and variable but distinct species. The length varies from 2 — 3*5 mm.

Hab. Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Lanai, Hawaii. Generally attached to Straussia,
Variable in each locality.

(117) Proterhinus dispar Sharp.

Proterhinus dispar Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1881, p. 528; Tr. Dublin Soc.

III. 1885, PI- V. fig. 41, ?.
I have seen but few Oahuan examples of this species, but have taken it very freely
on Molokai, and have also met with it on Lanai. It varies very greatly in size and
otherwise, and the distinctive characters become much obscured in diminutive specimens.
Some examples from Oahu have the head and thorax as well as part of the elytra of a
distinct red colour, and the antennae vary from black to red. The great differences in
size are not a sexual character, for of the Oahuan examples taken by me one of the
females is twice as large as either of the males, and exactly the reverse is the case with
the types in Dr Sharp's collection. The species is an interesting one on account of the
F. H. II. 32

244 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

rather large development of the rostrum in the J, and in the same sex the posterior
coxae are much less widely separated than in many species, much less widely than the
front pair. In the % the distance between the hind coxae is greater, so that it does not
greatly differ from the majority of species in this respect.

Hab. Oahu, Molokai and Lanai ; attached to Wikstroemia,

(ii8) Proterhinus alyxiae, sp. nov.

Latus, brevis, robustus, ferrugineus, pulcherrime squamosus. Antennae elongatae,
articulis basalibus notabiliter robustis (secundo subquadrato), clavam versus sensim
gracilescentibus, clava gracili, vix evidenter 3-articulata. Pronotum trans medium latis-
simum, perinaequale, antice transversim fortiter impressum, parte posteriore fortiter
elevata, antice posticeque ferrugineum, caetera parte densissime pallido-squamosa.
Elytra brevia, lata, submaculatim squamosa, setisque albidis erectis conspersim vestita,
dorso juxta basim impresso, ibique nigricante, basi emarginata, humeris productis.
Femora omnia fortiter incrassata. t ?• Long, vix 3 — 3*2 mm. (Plate IX. fig. 23, ^.)

Var. pauper, $ $ antennis gracilioribus, $ statura multo minore et forma graci-
liore distinguenda. ^ $. Long. $ 275, ? 2 mm.

This beautiful species, on account of its short, wide form, reminds one at first sight
of some Kauai species. It is not really closely allied to these, however, but it is so to
P, calliphyas of Maui. It is distinct from that species by the accentuation of most of
those characters, which render the latter remarkable. The distinction between the
dorsum and flanks of the prothorax is clearly marked by the sharp edge formed at their
meeting.

Hab. Molokai mountains (3000 ft.); rare, taken from stems oi Alyxia. Four
females (var. pauper) taken on Lanai are only half or less than half the size of the
smaller Molokai examples, and have much more slender antennae. The single J taken
with these is about as large as the type, but its antennae are decidedly thinner.

(119) Prote7^kinus navita, sp. nov.

Hand latus, rufescens, sat dense pallide squamosus, elytris saepe plus minusve
nigro-notatis. Antennarum ^ articuli 2 basales perconspicue robusti, nigricolores ;
articuli sequentes graciliores, plerumque evidenter, sed minute, tuberculati, clava parum
distincte 3-articulata (sive fere 2-articulata). Pronotum densius aureo-squamosum, antice
plus minus impressum. Elytra aureo- vel griseo-squamosa, setisque brevissimis nonnullis
erectis inconspicue vestita, angulis humeralibus obscuris, Tarsorum anticorum articulus
secundus minor, lobis minoribus. ^ $. Long. 1*5— 3 mm.

COLEOPTERA 245

The male of this species is distinguished chiefly by the stoutness of the two basal
joints of the antennae, the first, in well-developed examples at least, being very stout
and subtriangular in form, the second very short and quadrate, and their colour is black
or nearly so. Normally it is a red insect, with only some fuscous or black spots on the
elytra, and even these are sometimes absent, but in some examples the black colour is
a good deal extended over the insect, the basal half of the elytra remaining pale. In
general the ? resembles the ^, but the peculiar character of the basal antennal joints is
not always so pronounced. In faded examples the squamosity is grey, instead of
golden,

Hab. Lanai (2000 — 3000ft); Molokai (3000ft.).

(120) Proterhinus debilis Sharp.

Proterhinus debilis Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 19.

I have not met with any examples on Oahu that agree with this species, and have
only examined three or four specimens, so I do not know whether the antennae vary in
structure. In its typical form it is quite distinct from any other Oahuan species. Mr
Blackburn also referred some specimens taken on Hawaii to this species.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains ; and on Hawaii (Blackburn).

(121) Proterhinus deceptor, sp. nov.

Rufescens, elytris latera versus nigris vel nigro-notatis, horum angulis humera-
libus baud distinctis. P. oscillanti simillimus. sed setis elytrorum erectis magis distinctis,
et rostro % evidenter minus elongato et latiore. t ?• Long. 175 — 2*25 mm.

This species is very similar in most respects to P. oscillans, the humeral angles of
the elytra being usually very indistinct or effaced. The squamosity, which likewise has
a tendency to form a number of roundish spots on the elytra, is thereon greyish or
silvery rather than golden. Their erect setae in fresh examples are longer, more
numerous and much more evident, and so also are those upon the legs. Usually the
elytra are red, and black or infuscate only along the lateral margins, but sometimes
about the middle the black colour extends inwards to form lateral spots as in oscillans.
These distinctions alone would perhaps appear hardly sufficient for the formation of
another species, were it not for the fact that the rostrum of the % is decidedly shorter
and wider than that of oscillans, and is not distinctly narrowed towards the base.

Hab. Oahu. Waianae range. Examples from slightly different localities do not
altogether agree, and it is uncertain whether the series examined is really all of one
species.

32—2

246 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Obs. On Kauai a variable insect is found, which I refer to the above species.
These Kauai examples are generally darker than those from Oahu, and have the elytra
often entirely blackish, or only obscurely red. On Molokai or Lanai the species is
again found, and the individuals again are subject to much variation. On Hawaii the
individuals attain a considerably larger size than the type, and on this island form two
distinct races, one found on the windward and southern parts of the island, the other in
the Kona district on the west. These Kona examples are readily distinguished from
the others by the more elongate and conspicuous erect setae of the elytra, and they are
of smaller average size. For these two races I propose the names P, deceptor van
major and var. konanus.

(122) Proterhinus blackburni Sharp.

Proterhinus blackburni Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1878, p. 17.

P. hystrix Sharp, op. cit. 1881, p. 527, =var. of this species.

(Plate X. fig. 5, J, var, bisignatus)

This species varies greatly in size, colour, form of thorax, length of elytra, &c., and
1 do not think the P. hystrix Sh. is a distinct species. On Kauai there are two well-
marked varieties, the var. eugeniae, var, n., of somewhat robust form, the thorax with
strongly prominent lateral angles in front, the erect setae of the elytra dense, and with a
good deal of pale appressed clothing, which tends to form four spots, the antennae
longish and slender ; and the var. bisignatus, var. n., which a good deal resembles the
preceding form, but is darker, and has the basal tubercles of the elytra conspicuously
marked with white or silvery appressed setae. The sculpture and clothing of this
species is often entirely concealed by a mud-like covering, and it is not improbable that
I have included several distinct species under one name, for it is one of the most
difficult species to study, and many of the examples taken are in indifferent condition,
but supposing there are several allied species, they are certainly all variable.

Hab. Found on all the islands of the group, in the forests from 1500 — 4000 ft. ;
the var. hystrix on Hawaii, var. bisignatus peculiar to Kauai, and var. eugeniae on the
same island, but with very similar examples on Molokai.

COLEOPTERA HETEROMERA.

All the Heteromera, with the exception of the Cistelidae, are probably foreign.
Those that are not known at present to occur outside the islands will probably be
discovered elsewhere as the study of Coleoptera progresses.

COLEOPTERA 247

Fam. OEDEMERIDAE,

OxACis Leconte.

(i) Oxacis collaris Shp.

Ananca collaris Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p, 169.

Hab. Oahu, Molokai, and probably all the islands on the plains. I observed this
species in great numbers on the quarantine island at Honolulu, where it was crawling
over shrubs covered with the scales of Ceroplastes.

Fam. ANTHICIDAE.

Anthicus Payk.

(i) Anthicus oceanicus Laf.

Anthicus oceanicus Laferte, Mon, Anth. p. 170.

Hab. Kauai, Oahu and Maui and probably all the islands ; on the coast.

(2) Anthicus fnundulus Shp.

Anthicus mundulus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 168.

Hab. Oahu and Kauai (Blackburn). Salt marshes near sea-level

Fam. CISTELIDAE.

The Cistelidae are represented by two genera, Cistela with seven, and Labetis with
three ^ species. The latter genus is peculiar to the islands, as are all 10 of the species
of this family. All are true forest insects, and are certainly indigenous. Species of
both genera have been found on Kauai and Hawaii, but not on all of the intermediate
islands, so that no doubt several species are yet to be discovered. So far as is known
no species of either genus extends its range to two oi the islands,

' The two examples taken on Oahu by Mr Blackburn and which probably represent other two distinct
species are not included in these remarks.

M FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

CisTELA Fabn

(i) Cistela crassicornis Sharp.

Cistela crassicornis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 168, PI. IV. fig. 25.

Hab. Oahu. Mountains near Honolulu. Palolo valley (Blackburn) ; my single
example was taken at the head of Pauoa valley, which is not far distant. It is, I have
no doubt, of the $ sex. It has the elytra densely punctured, and I fancy that Sharp's
description of the ^ ' elytris parcius punctatis ' is rather apparent than real and is due to
the condition of the specimen, which is not thoroughly clean.

(2) Cistela kauaiensis, sp. no v.

Rufo-brunnea, ad colorem testaceum varians, capite thoraceque opacis, densissime
punctatis, elytris subnitidis, suturam versus plus minusve evidenter striatis, ibique saepe
impressis, sat crebre punctatis, punctis nonnullis seriatim dispositis. Long. 7*5 — 9 mm.
Antennarum 4 — 4*25 mm. (Plate X. fig. 22.)

Extremely like C crassicornis but larger and with very evidently longer antennae.
The species agrees generally in sculpture with that species. It varies a little in the
length and structure of the antennae, irrespective of sex, but even in the most highly
developed ^ the joints are elongate even towards the apex. In this sex the three which
precede the apical joint are distinctly grooved beneath. The apical ventral segment
in the t has the apical margin somewhat raised, and this is to some extent the case in
some of the ?$, but usually this segment in the t has a more flattened or impressed
form than in the other. The apical joints of the antennae in the $ are narrower than
the J, and but little serrate inwardly.

Hab. Kauai 4000 ft. Not common.

Obs. Two or three examples from Lihue on the same island taken at an elevation
of 3000 ft. have shorter antennae and are only of the size of the smaller individuals of
C, kauaiensis. They are therefore somewhat intermediate between that species and C
crassicornis but probably are distinct from either.

(3) Cistela nigricollis, sp. no v.

Nigra, elytris brunneis, antennis pedibusque testaceis, capite nitido. Long. 7 mm.,
antenn. 3*5 mm. ^.

Very closely allied to C kauaiensis, but smaller and readily distinguished by the
black head and thorax, the former in front being distinctly punctured, not very densely

COLEOPTERA 249

and rugosely, and with the surface between the punctures distinctly shining. The joints
of the antennae (^) towards the apex are also rather shorter and wider.

A single example taken at Halemanu, Kauai, is larger with longer elytra and has
the front of the head more closely punctured, but otherwise resembles the type. I
should think it is probably a distinct species.

Hab. Kauai. High plateau (4000 ft).

(4) Cistela subaenescens, sp. nov.

Nigra (? piceo-nigra), pedibus antennisque testaceis, his apices versus obscurioribus,
elytris subaeneo-micantibus. Long, circa 7 mm., antenn. circa 3 mm.

Black, or in the % piceous, the elytra with distinct aeneous glitter. Head and
thorax densely punctured. Antennae of the ^ with the terminal joints shortish, and
serrate inwardly, deeply grooved beneath, less wide in the $, testaceous at the base,
becoming infuscate towards the apex. Elytra shining, pubescent, aeneous, somewhat
densely punctured.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains (3000 ft.).

(5) Cistela apicalis, sp. nov.

Elongata, angustula, nigricans, antennis, pedibus et parte elytrorum apicali, testa-
ceis, oculis permagnis. Long, "j-^ mm.

Extremely like the preceding, a little more elongate, the elytra with a very faint
indication of brassy reflection in certain lights, testaceous on their apical portion, less
shining, and less strongly and more obscurely punctured than in C subaenescens, the
antennae entirely clear testaceous, and the eyes decidedly larger.

Hab. Oahu. Two examples were taken in the mountains at Honolulu in the
summer of 1896.

(6) Cistela montana, sp. nov.

Nigricans vel piceus, elytris aeneo-micantibus, antennis testaceis, apices versus
saepe obscurioribus, antennis brevioribus, articulis apicalibus parum fortiter dilatatis.
Long. 6 — 6*5 mm., antenn. vix 2*5 mm.

A rather smaller species than C subaenescens, which it greatly resembles, and easily
distinguished by the shorter antennae, which have the apical joints much less strongly
dilated in the ^. In colour and sculpture the two species are identical, and one example
of a rufo-piceous colour I suspect is the % of C montana.

Hab. Kauai. Four examples were taken on the high plateau.

2 50 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(7) Cistela konae, sp. no v.

Fusco-brunneus, pedibus antennarumque basi testaceis, elytris nitidis, submetallicis,
sat evidenter sed parum profunde striatis, crebre punctatis, punctis nonnullis seriatim
dispositis, interstitiis convexiusculis. Long, circa 6 mm.

Of an obscure brownish colour, the head and prothorax darker, the face in front of
the antennae and the legs testaceous. Head very densely punctured, the eyes by no
means large. Prothorax nearly dull, very densely punctured, strongly transverse,
truncate or slightly emarginate in front. Elytra shining, distinctly and closely punc-
tured, with the interstices even towards the sides quite distinctly convex, so that the
striation is more evident than in any other species. In the single example taken only
the basal joints of the antennae remain, and these present no noteworthy characters.
Perhaps most nearly allied to C, montana^ but quite distinct from this and other species
by the condition of the elytral interstices, and also apparently remarkable for the very
wide prothorax, the sides of which are nearly straight and parallel for about two-thirds
of their length from the base. The eyes are smaller than in most species of the genus.
The single mutilated example is probably a $.

Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 5000 ft. A single example (mutilated) was taken from a
spider's web.

Labetis Waterhouse.

(i) Labetis hawaiiensis^ sp. nov.

Nigra, subnitida, elytris testaceis vel brunneis, an tennis (articulis basalibus exceptis)
nigricantibus, pedibus testaceis. Long. 10 — 12 mm. Antenn. 5 — 7 mm.

Head black, closely punctured in front, but the surface more or less shining
between the punctures. Prothorax black, the surface shining, closely punctured, with a
narrow smooth median longitudinal impression, more distinct in some examples than in
others, and in some there are also indefinite impressions, rendering the surface more or
less uneven. Elytra varying in colour from testaceous to brownish, striate, the striae
nearest the suture often deeper than the outer ones, closely punctured, the interstices
conspicuously punctate, the punctures closer in some examples than in others, the
surface shining. At the apex the first and second interstices are about equally convex.
Anterior tibiae with the superior apical angle greatly produced (varying in development),
and rounded at the apex. Abdomen beneath black, finely punctured, the apical
segment very deeply impressed in the ^, and faintly but evidently so in the ?.

Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea ; a series of over a dozen examples taken in August

COLEOPTERA 251

(2) Labetis tibialis Waterhouse.

Labetis tibialis Waterh., Ent. Mag. xv. p. 267.

Haud nitida, testacea, pronoto saepe fusco-testaceo, antennis plerumque testaceis,
elytrorum interstitio primo et secundo apicem versus subaequaliter convexis, haud
inaequaliter elevatis. Long. 10*5 — 12*5 mm.

Closely allied to the preceding, but easily distinguished by the dull surface, and the
pale colour of the prothorax, the antennae also are pale. One example has the prothorax
largely blackish, but it is pallid about the middle. Abdomen black (or nearly so)
beneath. The depth of the impression of the apical ventral segment of the t evidendy
varies.

Hab. Kauai, 4000 ft, on the high plateau. That the examples taken by
Blackburn on Oahu and referred to this species are, as I suspected, distinct, has been
confirmed for me by Mr Waterhouse, who kindly examined the Oahuan specimen in
the British Museum. Probably the Oahuan species is very near to if not identical
with my L. hawaiiensis. The Blackburnian collection should contain two species from
Oahu, probably one from either mountain range (vide Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 248),
for there is no such variation in size in the species of this genus, as that given by
Blackburn for his two examples (1. c. p. 167), one of which is much smaller than the
other known species of the genus, the other probably the largest,

(3) Labetis comitans, sp. nov.

Praecedenti cognatissima, opaca, testacea, capite pronotoque nonnunquam plus
minus infuscatis, hoc saepe piceo, elytrorum interstitio secundo apicem versus fortissime
convexo-elevato, primo plus minus obsolete, abdominis segmentis ventralibus (saltem ex
magna parte) pallidis. Long. 10 — 12*5 mm. (Plate X. fig. 21.)

Quite like the preceding in general appearance, and differing constantly, so far as I
can see, only in the paler underparts of the body, and the sculpture of the elytra near
their apex. In this species the second interstice is extremely convex, as also is the
sutural margin, while the first interstice is little or not at all raised, and a deep groove
is thereby formed between the suture and the second interstice. The elytral interstices
are generally more strongly and densely punctured than in either of the preceding
species, but all vary in this respect.

Hab. Kauai. Taken in company with Z. tibialis. Of the 18 examples of
Labetis taken in company, 8 belong to the present species, and 10 to Z. tibialis. I can
detect no variety in the least intermediate between these, and therefore must consider
them distinct. Nearly all the examples of both are of the $ sex.

F. H. II. 33

252 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(4) Labetis, sp. ?

Hab. Oahu. Mountains near Honolulu (Blackburn). See remarks under
L, tibialis (ante).

(5) Labetis, sp. ?

Hab, Oahu {^, Waianae mountains), Blackburn. See remarks under L, tibialis
(ante). This and the preceding species are stated (Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 248) to
have been obtained in localities 20 miles apart.

Fam, TENEBRIONIDAE.

Epitragus Latr.
(i) Epitragus dirempttis Karsch.

Epitragus diremptus Karsch, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr. xxv. p. 6.
Hab. Generally distributed throughout the islands.

Opatrum Fabr,

(i) Opatrum seriatum Boisd.

Opatrum seriatum Boisd., Voy. Astr. Col. p. 252.
Hab. All the islands of the group, on the lowlands.

Platydema Cast.

(i) Platydema obscurum Shp.

Platydema obscurum Sharp, Tr, Dublin Soc. 1885, P- 166.
Hab. Oahu. Probably characteristic of the lowlands.

Gnathocerus Thunb.

(t) Gnathocerus cornutus Fabr.

Trogosita cornuta Fabr., Ent. Syst. Supp. p. 51.
Hab. Oahu, Honolulu.

COLEOPTERA 253

Tribolium Mad

( I ) Tribolium ferrugineum Fabr.
Tenebrio ferrugineus Fabr., Sp. Ins. i. p, 324.
Hab. Oahu, Honolulu &c., in food.

Alphitobius Steph.
(i) Alphitobius diaperinus Panz.
Tenebrio diaperinus Panz., Ins. Germ. 37, 16.
Hab. Lowlands of most or all the islands.

(2) Alphitobius piceus OL
Helops piceus Ol, Ent. iii. 58, p. 17.
Hab. Generally distributed in the islands.

(3) Alphitobius lateralis Boh.
Heterophaga lateralis Boh,, Eug. Res. 1858, p. 94.

Hab. Oahu, Honolulu. — Maui. Introduced, probably from China. This species
was kindly determined for me by Mr Champion.

SciopHAGUS Sharp.

(i) Sciophagus pandanicola Fairm.

Heterophaga pandanico la Fairm., Rev. Zool. 1849, P* 446.
Hab. Oahu and Kauai (Blackburn).

Fam. CIOIDAE.

The Cioidae is a family of doubtful position. They are represented by 42 species,
29 of which are referred to the genus Cis, and 13 to a new genus, Apterocis. The
members of the latter genus are the most remarkable island representatives of the
family, although most of those assigned to Cis are themselves of peculiar facies, and
very unlike the ordinary representatives of the genus. There is however no doubt
that both these genera, as represented in the islands, will hereafter be further divided.

33—2

254 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Thus in Apterocis some of the species e.g. A. ephistemoides are quite regularly
convex, the prothorax being very closely adapted to and continuing the curve of the
elytra. In others, e.g. A. rtifo-notatus, A, variegatus, &c., the outline is not regularly
convex, but is interrupted at the point of contact of the elytra and prothorax. Some of
the species of this latter group closely resemble A, ephistemoides in general appearance,
but others e.g. A, variegatus have a very coarse sculpture, and one {A. hystrix) is
unique in the genus as being conspicuously clothed with erect hairs. We also notice
differences in the structure of the mesosternum in front of the coxae, and in A, varie-
gatus and probably in the allied A, ornatipennis, the metasternum is less short than is
normal in the genus.

Of the species assigned to Cis, C, pacificus is the most commonplace and
greatly resembles European species, and v^ill probably be found to be not indigenous.
It has some resemblance to C. breviformis but to no other species, and the latter also
has a very different appearance to the truly indigenous species, and I suspect may
prove to be also foreign. Another species C alienus may also prove to have
been introduced. The remaining 26 species are all of peculiar facies, and exhibit
considerable variety of form and appearance, and must be considered as peculiar to the
islands. Cis molokaiensis (and probably C haleakalae, the unique example of which
could not be examined from this point) is wingless or nearly so, but we have not
separated it generically on that account, because the wings of another species, C fallax,
are in a more or less rudimentary condition, and we are not even certain whether this
species is more than a variety of the normally full-winged C signattis. Besides
these species, C mimtis and C diminutivus appear to me to belong to the same
group, and will probably prove to have the wings either absent or rudimentary,
the abortion of the wings being accompanied, in most of the species at least, by a
shortening of the metasternum. In these characters it will be seen that the insects
above mentioned approach to the genus Apterocis^ but they lack the oval and highly
convex form, which is so striking a feature of the latter. Nevertheless the complex
affinities between the Hawaiian species of Cis (excluding the doubtfully indigenous
forms) and Apterocis render it highly probable that the latter originated in the islands,
through forms somewhat similar to some of the species of Cis, which now inhabit
them.

Some few of the species of Cis are found in large fungi growing externally on
trees, but the greater number are attached to dead branches of trees, or found beneath
dead bark, where they no doubt feed on the smaller fungi which grow in such places.
Individuals of many of the species are numerous, and they are no doubt parasitised by
the minute Hymenoptera of the genera Sierola and Scleroderma, which are taken
in their company. We have lately bred forms (winged and wingless) allied to these
Hymenoptera from the burrows of Ennearthron, another genus of Cioidae, in this
country.

COLEOPTERA 255

Cis Latr.

(i) Cis alie^ius Sharp,

Cis alienus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 91.

This is very different to any other Hawaiian species, and is probably either a
natural immigrant, or has been introduced by man. Its general appearance, the
clothing of the under parts, the great length of the prosternum in front of the coxae &c.,
are all foreign to the true native type.

Hab. Oahu, Honolulu, mountains; two examples taken (Blackburn); Waianae
mountains, several examples, Perkins, It is probably a scarce insect.

(2) Cis pacificus Sharp.

Cis pacifims Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, P- 9^.

The most common-place species of the genus as represented in the islands, and
probably not truly indigenous. The processes on the head of the t vary greatly
in development.

Hab. Throughout the islands in the mountain forests.

(3) Cis breviformis, sp. nov.

Parum elongatus, ferrugineus, pronoto plus minusve infuscato, pedibus antennis-
que rufo-testaceis, harum articulis apicalibus nigricantibus. Pronotum opacum vel
minus nitidum, brevissime griseo-pubescens, sat latum, densius subtiliter punctatum.
Elytra breviuscula, griseo-pubescentia, hand maculata, parum profunde ruguloso-
punctata. Long. 2 mm.

Somewhat like Cis pacificus in form, and quite unlike any other Hawaiian species.
The thoracic puncturation is rather close and very fine, that of the elytra is larger, but
shallow, rugose and irregular. Both the thorax and elytra are clothed with very short
pale setae, which hardly stand out from the surface, but are quite conspicuous, and with
the short form and ferruginous colour give the species a very distinctive appearance.

Hab. Molokai. Two examples taken at an elevation of above 4000 ft.

256 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(4) Cis nesiotes, sp. nov.

Subcylindricus, baud fortiter convexus, pronoto aeneo, antice posticeque saepe
pallescente, elytris testaceis, marginibus lateralibus fasciaque transversa circa media
nigris, setulis pallidis brevissimis inconspicue vestitis. Pronotum nitidum distincte sat
fortiter punctatum. Elytra grosse denseque rugoso-punctata. Pedes articulique anten-
narum basales testacei, femoribus saepe antennarumque clava nigricantibus. Long, vix
2 — 2'5 mm.

A distinct species with the thorax always brassy or coppery, elytra pale, black
along the margins and about the middle of their length with a transverse fascia, which
forms two sharp angles. This fascia is sometimes broken up into detached spots.
The species is chiefly remarkable for the coarse (but shallow) and very rugose
puncturation of the elytra, which even on the apical portions is hardly different in
character. The very short pallid setae are quite evident but not conspicuous. There
are no long hairs on any part of the elytra. There is considerable variation in the
puncturation of the prothorax, the punctures being very much coarser and closer in
some examples than in others, and in many the surface of this part is evidently uneven.

(5) Cis cognatissimus, sp. nov.

Praecedenti forma et colore simillimus, pronoto aeneo, nitido distincte punctato,
elytris testaceis nigro-signatis, basi grossius rugoso-punctata, setulis pallidis brevissimis
vestitis, apicem versus minus dense rugoso-punctatis et laevioribus. Long. 17 —
2*25 mm.

Extremely like the preceding, and very variable in size ; in some examples the
median transverse fascia of the elytra is represented by two spots, but usually it forms
a sharp angular mark on either wing-case just as in the preceding. The thorax is
distinctly and clearly punctured, more closely in some examples than others, the surface
shining. The elytra are less rugosely punctured, towards the apex a good deal
smoother and the punctures less close and rugose than in C. nesiotes, and for this
reason the two forms cannot be considered identical. The clothing is of the same
character in both the species.

Hab. Kauai, Oahu, Lanai, Molokai, Hawaii, in the mountains from 2000 —
4000 ft.

(6) Cis bicolor Sharp.

Cis bicolor Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 93; Blackburn, Tr. Dublin

Soc. 1885, p. 163, PL IV. fig. 22.
This is a distinct species and is I believe quite distinct from C tabidus Shp.,
which in Tr. Dublin Soc. (1. c. supra) was sunk as a variety of it, as w^ell as from the

COLEOPTERA 2^7

forms with aeneous thorax mentioned in Blackburn's note (1. c). The latter at least in
part are no doubt referable to Cis cognatissimus or C nesiotes, or to both of these
species. Usually C bicolor may be distinguished at a glance from these species by its
general appearance. The prothorax is black, not aeneous, and is widely pale in front
and more or less so posteriorly. The elytra are testaceous with a black spot on each
about the middle, and in front of these is another spot placed transversely across
the suture. This transverse spot is absent in only a few examples in a long series
and it is doubtful whether these are really specifically identical with the others. The
elytra in very fresh specimens bear some excessively short setae rather like those of
C cognatissimus, but there is no trace of any long fine hairs at the sides or apex. The
species is of rather elegant form owing to its convexity, and the rather rounded sides of
the elytra. The chief variation is seen in the puncturation especially of the prothorax,
which in some examples except at the extreme base is excessively smooth and shining
and nearly impunctate, but we have taken examples distinctly punctured in company
with the very finely punctured individuals. The length varies from 1*5 — 2*5 mm,

Hab. In the mountains of all the islands. The van in which the trans-sutural
black spot on the elytra is wanting has occurred on Kauai and Hawaii, and these
individuals are above the average in size.

(7) Cis bimacidatus Sharp.

Cis bimaculatus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 161.

The largest Hawaiian species of the genus, but very variable in size, some examples,
both from Hawaii and Maui, being only about one-third the bulk of the larger indi-
viduals. These dwarf specimens are taken in company with those of normal size.
Otherwise this species exhibits little or no variation. There are no long hairs on the
elytra, but excessively short pale setae are present, at least in fresh examples. Length
2*2 — 3'2 mm.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala. — Hawaii, at elevations of 3000 — 5000 ft. Not rare,
about 30 examples have been examined.

(8) Cis nigrofasciatus Blackb.

Cis nigrofasciatus Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 162.
(Plate X. fig. 18.)

Seven examples of this species were taken and they exhibit no noteworthy varia-
tion, except that some are considerably larger than others. The setae of the elytra
are excessively minute, and hardly visible even under a very strong lens. Length
2 — 27 mm.

Hab. Lanai, 2000 — 3000 ft. Blackburn's unique example was taken on the
same island.

258 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(9) Cis unicMs, sp. nov.

Testaceus, nitidus, haud setosus, capite infuscato, elytris in parte basali lateraliter
nigro-fuscis. Pronotum nitidum, subtilius vix dense punctatum. Elytra nitida, grossius
irregulariter ruguloso-punctata. Long. 2 mm.

Closely allied to C. nigrofasciatus, but smaller than the smallest example of that
species, and decidedly more shining. The puncturation of the elytra is coarse but
shallow, somewhat rugose and irregular, the punctures appearing to differ in size. The
colour of the elytra is testaceous, but the basal half is to a large extent blackish or
infuscate, except along the suture, and the dark colour at a point rather beyond the
middle of the length of the wing-cases extends inwards nearly to the suture, to form a
vague interrupted band. I can detect no trace of setae either on the thorax or the
elytra.

Hab. Hawaii. A single example was taken at Kilauea.

(10) Cis porcatus Sharp.

Cis porcatus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 92.

This minute species is easily recognized by its dark colour, very dense sculpture
and short grey clothing, which however is easily abraded. The head of the </ is pro-
duced into strong angular processes, which vary greatly in development

Hab. One of the commonest of the island species and of general distribution in
the forests from 1 500 to 4000 ft.

(11) Cis insulaids Sharp.

Cis insularis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 164.

(Plate X. fig. 19.)

A unicolorous, or nearly unicolorous, testaceous species, with strong and very
dense puncturation over the whole surface, the elytra and also the prothorax in
fresh examples bearing excessively short setae. The thorax and base of elytra are
sometimes infuscate, and in some the elytra are quite pallid, but there are no distinct
markings. The </ has the front of the head produced into two processes, which, as
usual, vary greatly in development Length 2 — 27 mm.

Hab. Kauai, Oahu, Lanai, and Hawaii. Taken on most of the islands rather
sparingly, and it no doubt occurs on all. It is found in the forests from 2000 — 4000 ft.
About a score of examples were captured.

COLEOPTERA 259

(12) Cis chloroticMS Sharp.

Cis chloroticus Sharp, Tr. DubHn Soc. 1885, P- 164.

This is another normally immaculate species of a testaceous colour, the thorax and
base of elytra sometimes more or less inclined to fuscous. The surface in this species
is not quite glabrous, as in a profile view of the prothorax some short, fine, erect hairs
can easily be detected, although they are sparsely distributed. Length 17 — 2*25 mm.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 — 5000 ft.) ; not common.

(13) Cis simulator sp. no v.

Elongatus, subconvexus, nitidus, testaceus, capite nigricante, pronoto saepe plus
minusve infuscato, elytris utrinque nigro-maculatis, apices versus lateraliter setis graci-
libus elongatis sparsim vestitis. Pronotum subremote distincte punctatum. Elytra
basim versus obscure punctata, puncturatione subobsoleta. Long. 175 — 22 mm.

In the condition of its clothing this species resembles the following (Cis tabidus)^ the
head and prothorax bearing fine, erect setae, very short on the latter, and easily abraded,
the elytra at the sides towards the apex having a sparse clothing of long, fine hairs. It
differs from that species in its larger average size, and more convex form, and the elytra
are more pointed behind, being decidedly less parallel-sided. The insect would appear
to be very constant in its general appearance, being testaceous in colour, with dark
head, and two black spots at about the middle of the length of the elytra. In some
examples the thorax is more or less obscured with fuscous or blackish clouding. At
the base the elytra have an obscure, indefinite, and subobsolete, but rather large
puncturation. In general appearance and form this species is extremely similar to
C chloroticus, but that insect has immaculate elytra, and is devoid of the long hairs at
the sides of the elytra towards the apex.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.) ; about a dozen examples taken.

(14) Cis tabidus Sharp.

Cis tabidus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 93.

Distinct from Cis bicolor, under which species it was sunk by Blackburn. It is
very variable in size, colour &c. and also in the puncturation of the prothorax, which is
much closer in some than others. In fresh examples the elytra bear some long fine
hairs at the sides towards the apex, and even in some specimens all along the sides, as

F. H. II. 34

26o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

well as some shorter erect ones on the thorax, often abraded. The prothorax varies in
colour from black to testaceous, and the elytra are sometimes nearly wholly infuscate,
rarely entirely testaceous and immaculate. Cis tabidus appears to be most closely allied
to the even more variable C. setarius, and although the colour, prothoracic puncturation
&c., are normally different, still it is by no means easy to know to which of the two species
certain examples should be assigned. The shape of the prothorax, length and convexity
of the elytra &c. appear to vary analogously in either species.

Hab. Oahu and Kauai. Common. Most and probably all of the islands.

(15) Cis setarius Sharp.

Cis setarius Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 162.

Cis apicalis Shp. loc. cit. = van

Cis concolor Shp. loc, ciL p. 163 = van

A most variable and perplexing species allied to the preceding but darker in
colour, often entirely black or castaneous, generally with the anterior or both this and
the posterior margin of the prothorax pale, the base of the elytra dark but more or less
of the apex often pale, sometimes more than the apical half of a testaceous colour.
Fine long hairs can generally be detected at the apex of the wing cases, sometimes also
they form a regular but not dense clothing all along the sides, and hairs of a similar
character can be detected standing erect on the prothorax. This part is usually
shining, strongly but not densely punctured, and the elytra have a large and more
or less indefinite puncturation at the base. In some examples the puncturation of
the prothorax is extremely fine, and it appears that the species is more or less different
according to the locality, but varies much in each. The length of the elytra and their
convexity as well as the width of the prothorax are also variable. Length i'2 — 2 mm.

Hab. Abundant on Hawaii in the mountains, and also found on the other islands
including Kauai, so that it is of general distribution.

(i6) Cis calidus Sharp.

Cis calidus Sharp, Tn Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 164.

Apparently a rather variable species, the puncturation being denser and more
regular both on the prothorax and elytra in some examples than in others. It also
varies in size and colour, the latter being sometimes quite black and sometimes
castaneous. The dense regular clothing of fine erect setae is easily abraded and then
the species is not very easily distinguished from some well clothed individuals of the
very variable C setarius. Length 1*5 — 2 mm.

Hab. Kauai and Oahu. A few examples taken in the mountains.

COLEOPTERA 261

(17) Cis signatus Sharp.

Cis signatus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1879, p. 92.

Cis attenuatus Shp., Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 165= van of C signatus,

(Plate X. figs. 20, 20 a, 20 b and 20^.)

Extremely variable in colour. The palest examples are nearly entirely testaceous,
having only two or four dark spots on the elytra, one example indeed apparently
referable to this species is entirely immaculate. The darkest individuals are black with
only the anterior and posterior margins of the prothorax, and two spots near the apex
and one on the suture of the elytra in front of these, testaceous, so that probably entirely
black examples of the species may occur. The prothorax is not infrequently of an
entirely testaceous colour, and is much wider in some examples than in others. Cis
attenuatus Shp. is no doubt a variety of this species. The puncturation of the elytra is
a little stronger in some examples than is usually the case. Length vix i'5 — 2*25 mm.

Hab. Taken on all the islands, commonly on Maui, Lanai and Hawaii, from
1500 — 5000 ft. in the mountains,

(18) Cis roridus Sharp.

Cis roiHdus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 165.

Apparently most nearly allied to C, signatus but differing in colour &c. and
with a stronger sculpture. It varies considerably in size, but not very greatly in other
respects. Length r6 — 2*2 mm.

Hab. Most, and probably all, of the islands, A series was obtained in Kona,
Hawaii (4000 — 5000 ft.), and we have taken it on Kauai, Molokai and Lanai.

(19) Cis kauaiensisy sp. nov.

Testaceus, capite nigro, elytris maculis compluribus plus minusve conjunctis
variegatis, setis nullis vestitus, minus fortiter convexus. Pronotum rufo-testaceum,
densissime punctatum, postice evidenter utrinque subimpressum. Elytra dense fortiter-
que rugoso-punctata, macula nigra humerali, aliisque compluribus ad media plus minusve
conjunctis, ornata, subnitida et nuda. Long. 2*6 mm.

A very distinct species somewhat allied to C signatus^ but more convex, with
different markings, much stronger and coarser puncturation, and apparently with no
trace of setae on the elytra or prothorax. Curiously enough the peculiar elytral
markings are almost, if not quite, identical with those of some examples of Apterocis
variegatus and A, ornatipennis. The scutellum is very distinct, and the wings are fully
developed. The prothorax is very finely, but distinctly, margined at the sides, but not
at all posteriorly. The surface of the elytra is distinctly shining between the dense and
somewhat coarse punctures.

Hab. Kauai. A single example was taken on the high plateau (4000 ft.).

34—2

262 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(20) Cis molokaiensis^ sp. no v.

Niger, brevlssime, sed conspicue, griseo-setulosus, pronoto antice posticeque plus
minusve testaceo-signato. Pronotnm latum, lateribus fortiter rotundatis, postice baud
evidenter marginatum, densissime ruguloso-punctatum. Elytra densissime ruguloso-
punctata, punctis ipsis vix discernendis. Metasternum breve. Abdominis segmenta
ventralia punctata. Alae nullae (an rudimentariae ?). Long, i *4 — 2 mm.

This and the following four or five species will probably hereafter be separated
generically from the other Hawaiian Cis. As it would appear that Cis signatus in
certain varieties makes an approach in form to these species, we have not thought it
advisable to form a new genus at present, until the question of variation in that species
has been thoroughly investigated. Cis molokaiensis on account of its dark colour and
grey setulosity somewhat resembles C porcatus Shp., but it is abundantly distinct
therefrom by its stronger sculpture, wider prothorax (which, however, varies in width in
different specimens), and more elegant form, as well as by the shorter metasternum and
the fact that the wings, if present at all, are rudimentary. There is a faint development
of tubercles on the head of the ^, but they are very small compared with those of well-
developed C. porcatus.

Hab. Molokai. High wet forests, Sept. 1893.

(21) Cis haleakalae^ sp. no v.

Niger, pronoti margine antico, pedibus, antennarumque basi, testaceis, praecedenti
affinis sed major et latior, hand evidenter setulosus. Pronotum subtiliter densissime
ruguloso-punctatum. Elytra dense ubique rugulosa, punctis ipsis baud vel vix dis-
cernendis, lateribus sat rotundatis, apicibus subacuminatis. Long. 2 mm. (Plate X.

fig- 1 70

Somewhat of the form of the preceding, but with the elytra more rounded at the

sides, and more pointed behind. The sculpture of the elytra is very remarkable, being

of a finely strigose character. There is little doubt the species is wingless, although we

have not been able to investigate this and other points of structure.

Hab. Maui. A single example on Haleakala (5000 ft).

(22) Cis mirabilis, sp. no v.

Niger, ore, antennarum basi, pronoti margine antico maculaque postica, elytrorum-
que fascia subapicali testaceis. Pronotum fortiter densissime punctatum. Elytra
convexiuscula, fortiter rugosa, et punctata, baud setosa. Long. 2 mm.

COLEOPTERA 263

A very remarkable species of the same curious form as C. haleakalae, and no doubt
either wingless or with only rudimentary wings, though it has not been examined in
this respect. The coarse rugose sculpture of the elytra, amongst which distinct
puncturation is evident, distinguish it at once.

Hab. Kauai, 4000 ft. One example captured.

(23) Cis fallax, sp. nov,

Testaceus, pronoto saepe medio nigricante vel fusco, elytris nigro-maculatis,
C. signato colore similis, et eodem vestitu et puncturatione, sed forma magis convexa,
elytrorum lateribus magis rotundatis, alis brevioribus, ad apices elytrorum baud extensis,
distinguendus. Long. 1*5 — vix 2 mm.

I have found it necessary to separate a few examples taken in company with
C. signatus from that species, although they do not differ from certain of its varieties
either in colour, clothing or sculpture. They are decidedly more convex than C signatus
and the sides of the elytra are more rounded, so that they often appear rather shorter
and more pointed at the apex. On dissecting one of these specimens we find the wings
to be less developed than those of the preceding species, and in repose they do not
nearly reach to the apex of the abdomen, as is the case in the numerous examples
of C signatus that we have examined. For these reasons it is advisable for the present
to consider the two forms as distinct species.

Hab. Oahu. Three or four examples have been taken in the Waianae mountains
in company with C signatus,

(24) Cis mimuSy sp. nov.

Nigricans, pedibus, antennarum basi, pronoti margine antico et postico (vel horum
altero), elytrisque testaceis, his nigro-signatis ; colore variabilis, nonnunquam totus
testaceus, elytris nigro-notatis ; C signato vestitu et colore simulans, setuHs brevis-
simis crebre ubique vestitus. Pronotum densissime punctulatum. Elytra subinae-
qualia, basim versus grossius rugoso-punctata. Long. 1*5 — 2 mm.

Like many specimens of C signatus in colour and setulosity, but easily distinguished
by the coarse but shallow punctures on the elytra, the surface of which is somewhat
rugose and uneven, and the insect is more convex. The wings are apparently not
fully developed as compared with the ordinary condition of these organs in the genus,
but we have not been able to fully examine the species with regard to this point. There
are normally four black spots on the dorsum of the elytra, which may be connected
more or less laterally,

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (5000 ft.); three examples taken.

264 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(25) Cis diminutivus Sharp.

Cis diminutivus Sharp, Tn Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 94.
Hab. Oahu. Two examples were taken on Konahuanui by Mr Blackburn ; we
have not met with this species, which appears to be quite distinct.

(26) Cis evanescens Sharp.

Cis evanescens Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 95.

This minute species is easily distinguished from any but the following species by
the very feeble and fine, often hardly perceptible, puncturation of the prothorax. In
some examples the prothoracic punctures though sparse and feeble are distinguishable,
in others the surface is practically impunctate, and the surface usually dull. The elytral
sculpture is also variable, but always feeble, and consists of a rugulosity of the surface
rather than puncturation^ and is sometimes hardly perceptible. In some examples the
thorax is of a testaceous colour as is usual in the following species. The entire insect
is without clothing. Length i — 1"5 mm.

Hab. Found on all the islands in the mountain forests from 2000 — 4000 ft.

(27) Cis laeticulus Sharp.

Cis laeticulus Sharp, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 94.

Resembles C evanescens for the most part in sculpture, but the elytra are, at least
in most examples, decidedly more elongate, and the hinder angles of the prothorax are
very slightly prominent and acute. This point of distinction between the two species
is generally difficult to appreciate without separating the elytra from the thorax, but
appears to be quite constant. In typical examples the prothorax is of a pallid colour
and contrasts greatly with the elytra, which also are sometimes pale on their apical
portion. Examples from Lanai probably referable to the same species have the elytra
and thorax concolorous, or at least the latter is not much paler than the former. One
of these Lanai examples, however, hardly differs from the typical examples, although
the individuals were all taken in company. Length 1*2 — 1*5 mm.

Hab. Oahu and Lanai. Probably on all the islands but not collected on the
others. If I remember rightly the species is found on withered leaves of Freycinetia^
where it no doubt feeds on some species of fungus.

COLEOPTERA 265

(28) Cis longipennis BlackK

Cis longipennis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 162,

Hab. Kauai. ' A single specimen was found in dry wood on the mountains.'
(Blackburn.) We have not met with this species, which must be very closely allied to
the following.

(29) Cis angustiformiSy sp. nov.

Augustus, elongatus, parum convexus, fusco-niger ad colorem testaceum varians,
pronoto nonnunquam testaceo, C laeticulo cognatissimus, sed elytris sat evidenter
longioribus distinguendus. Long. 1*2 — 1*5 mm.

Very closely allied to C laeticulus, with which it agrees in the obsolete, or nearly
obsolete, sculpture, and in having the hinder prothoracic angles a little acute and
prominent. Darker examples are concolorous, except that the apices of the elytra are
generally a little paler; the paler individuals have the elytra of a fusco-testaceous
colour, and the prothorax rather clear testaceous, so that there is some contrast between
the colour of these parts, but it is not so striking as in typical C laeticulus, while the
darker specimens resemble the Lanai form of this species. It cannot however be
treated as a form of C laeticulus, as the elytra are decidedly longer in proportion to
their width, indeed the great elongation of the insect is quite remarkable.

Hab. Oahu. Seven examples were taken in company in the Waianae mountains,
at an elevation of 3000 ft.

Apterocis, gen. nov.

Forma ovali, fortissime transversim et longitudinaliter convexa, metasterno parum
elongato, alis nulHs.

Allied to Cis with the antennae &c. similarly formed, but of oval shape, and
extremely convex longitudinally and transversely. The species are wingless and the
metasternum is shorter than in Cis, There are no processes on the front of the head
of the Z in any of the species known, but this sex may be known, in many of the
species at least, by the presence of a tubercle on the basal abdominal segment
beneath.

(i) Apte7^ocis ephistemoides Sharp.

Cis ephistemoides Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. 1885, p. 165, Plate IV. fig. 21.
This species varies greatly in size and in some examples a few long hairs can be
detected at the sides of the elytra. Length 1—2 mm.
Hab. Common generally in the mountains.

266 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(2) Apterocis vagepunctatus Blackb.

Cis vagepunctatus Blackburn, loc, cit. p. 166.

Hab. Oahu. A single specimen in the mountains near Honolulu (Blackburn) ; I
have not met with this species.

(3) Apterocis lanaiensis, sp. nov.

Nigricans, pronoto nonnunquam plus minusve piceo vel rufescente, elytrorum apice
humerisque rufo-maculatis, antennarum basi pedibusque rufescentibus. Nitidus, valde
aequaliter convexus, pronoto ruguloso-punctato, postice baud evidenter marginato.
Elytra circa basim sparsim vage punctata. Abdominis segmenta ventralia evidenter
densius punctata. Long, circa 2 mm, (Plate X. fig. 14.)

A very distinct species by the rugulosely punctured prothorax, vague scattered
punctures at the base of the elytra and the distinct humeral and apical red spots on the
latter. The general form of the insect is like that of Cis ephistemoides,

Hab. Lanai. Three examples were taken on the summit of the mountains.

(4) Apterocis montanus, sp. nov.

Brunneus, valde aequaliter convexus, capite pronotoque nigricantibus, hoc antice
posticeque pallido-marginato, antennis testaceis. Pronotum remote subtiliter sub-
obsolete punctatum, postice levissime marginatum. Elytra basim versus obsoletissime
punctata, vage subrugulosa, setulis brevissimis pallidis, vix videndis, ferentia. Ab-
dominis segmenta ventralia necnon metasternum nitida et impunctata. Long, circa
2*2 mm.

Apterocis montanus var. minor, var. nov.

Minor, pronoto fere impunctato, elytris plaga vaga transversa obscuriore. Long,
circa 1*5 mm.

Much smaller than the typical specimens, but obtained in company with these.
They differ in the nearly or quite impunctate prothorax, and the elytra have the base
and apex paler than the middle portion, giving them a vague banded appearance. I
can detect both sexes in these small examples and it is possible that they are really a
distinct species.

Two or three examples from Molokai appear to belong to this species and in some
respects unite the typical examples with the var. minor by the following characters :

COLEOPTERA 267

Brown, the prothorax with some very fine remote subobsolete punctures, the base of
the elytra with some very feebly impressed nearly obsolete but rather large ones. The
apical portion of the elytra is of a pale testaceous colour and much paler than the brown
basal portion much as in the var. minor,

Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft., typical form and the var. minor ; also on Molokai
above 4000 ft. Rare.

(5) Apterocis variabilis, sp. no v.

Nitidus, valde aequaliter convexus, colore variabili, sed elytrorum apice extremo
semper pallido. Pronoto distincte subtiliter nee dense punctato, postice haud distincte
marginato. Elytra basim versus remote punctata, punctis saepe obsoletis, vix videndis,
nonnunquam sat distinctis sed parum profundis. Abdominis segmenta ventralia dense
subtihter punctata. Long. 1*5 — 2 mm.

Variable in colour, like A. ephistemoides in form, but of larger average size. Black
with the thorax more or less piceous, the apex of the elytra pale and with a reddish spot
at either shoulder sometimes united to form a transverse fascia, or entirely reddish-brown,
with only the apex of the elytra paler than the general colour, the elytra being a little
darker in colour in front of the pale apex, thereby rendering the paleness more distinct.
Intermediates occur between the extreme forms. The dark varieties (.^ males) have
the thorax more closely punctured, and the puncturation of the basal part of the elytra
generally rather large and distinct, although shallow. In the pale forms (? females) the
elytral puncturation is often hardly observable, but there is evident variation in this
respect. The mesosternum in front of the middle coxae is I believe formed as in
A, ephistemoides, so that the front pair are almost contiguous with these.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains, several examples taken. In some varieties this
species greatly resembles A. lanaiensis but the puncturation of the prothorax is not
rugulose as in that species, others resemble A, montanus, which has the thorax much less
distinctly punctate.

(6) Apterocis hawaiiensis, sp. nov.

Niger, nitidus, valde fere aequaliter convexus, elytrorum apice rufescente. Pro-
notum nitidum, subtiliter remote punctatum, postice haud evidenter marginatum.
Elytra nitida, basali parte praecipue versus latera grossius remote punctata. Meta-
sternum et abdominis segmenta ventralia dense punctata ; segmentum basale t tuberculo
forti munitum. Mesosternum breve, parte sculpturata praecoxali fortiter obliqua.
Long, circa 2 mm.

F. H. II. 35

268 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

The half-dozen examples of this species show no noteworthy variation in colour,
but some have the puncturation of the thorax less fine, and the punctures at the base of
the elytra more numerous and coarser. I suspect these differences are for the most
part sexual. Very short pale and inconspicuous setae can be detected in fresh
examples.

Hab. Hawaii (4000 ft.).

(7) Apterocis rufo-notahis, sp. nov.

Niger, nitidus, prothorace nonnunquam rufo-piceo, elytrorum apice rufescente,
humerisque maculis rufis, saepe in fasciam transversam conjunctis, signatis, Pronotum
fortiter minus sparsim punctatum. Elytra basim versus grosse remote punctata.
Mesosternum dense sculpturatum, parte antica vix obliqua. Abdominis segmenta
ventralia dense subtiliter punctata. Var. elytris nigris, haud rufo-notatis. Long.
1*5 — 2 mm.

Found in company with A, hawaiiensis, but distinguished by the general form,
the prothorax and elytra not forming together such an even and continuous curve.
The mesosternum in front of the coxae is so little oblique that it nearly continues
the plane of the metasternum. Some examples have the thorax decidedly more
finely and remotely punctured than others, the variation being analogous with that
exhibited in the same parts of A, hawaiiensts,

Hab. Hawaii (4000 ft.). Six examples taken.— Molokai (4500 ft). One
mutilated example taken, apparently identical with those from Hawaii.

(8) Apterocis impMnctatus, sp. nov.

Nigricans vel nigro-piceus, antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis. Pronotum im-
punctatum, nitidum, postice distincte marginatum. Elytra nitida, impunctata, corpore
subtus impunctato. Long, i — ^1*5 mm.

In many respects very like A, ephistemoides but readily distinguished by its form,
the outline of the thorax and elytra not forming the very even curve that is seen
in that species. Posteriorly the prothorax is finely but very distinctly margined.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains. — Kauai, Makaweli (2500 ft.) one very minute
individual.

(9) Apterocis variegatus^ sp. nov.

Niger, sat elongatus, ovalis, glaber, elytris testaceis, nigro-variegatis, pronoti
margine antico maculaque basali, antennarumque articulis basalibus, testaceis. Pronotum
densissime grosseque rugoso-punctatum, subimpressum et subinaequale, postice vix

COLEOPTERA 269

marginatum. Elytra grosse rugoso-punctata, basim versus sulcis longitudinalibus com-
pluribus, male definitis, inaequalla, testacea, maculis nigris plus minusve conjunctis
eleganter variegata. Metasternum fortiter punctatum. Abdominis segmenta 2—5
dense subtilius punctata. Long. 2*5 mm.

Remarkable for its fusiform-ovate shape, and the excessively dense coarse sculpture.
The metasternum is not so much shortened as is usual in the genus, and the mesosternum
in front of the coxae is rather long, horizontal, and densely sculptured except along
the narrow articulating margin. No doubt this insect and others allied to it will here-
after be separated from typical Apterocis, which are much more strongly convex and
differ in the form of the mesosternum, but if so it will be necessary to form several new
genera for this remarkable group of insects.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala (4000 — 5000 ft). Rare, four examples only having been
met with.

(to) Apterocis ornatipennis, sp. nov.

Forma, magnitudine, et colore praecedentis, sed pronoto minus dense rugoso-
punctato, punctis ipsis facile distinguendis, distinctus. Long. 2 — 2*5 mm. (Plate X.

% 15.)

Very closely allied to A, variegatus, and only differing in the sculpture of the
prothorax, which is less extremely dense, and though the puncturation is very rugose
the individual punctures are moderately distinct, and do not run into one another to the
extent that is seen in the other species. The pale colour of the margins of the
prothorax is also of greater extent, and in one example the prothorax is entirely piceous
in colour.

Hab. Lanai (2000 — 3000 ft.) ; very rare, two examples only having been met
with.

(11) Apterocis strigosus, sp. nov.

Castaneus, rufo-brunneus, vel testaceus (an immaturus .'*), elytris prothorace palli-
dioribus, latissime nigro-fasciatis, maculisque duabus nigris ad basim plerumque ornatis.
Pronotum fortiter punctatum et longitudinaliter strigosum, nitidum, postice baud evi-
denter marginatum, margine antico pallid o, et ad angulos anteriores flavo-maculatum.
Elytra fortiter convexa, ad basim latiuscula, apices versus attenuata, basi grosse rugoso-
punctata, setas pallidas brevissimas inconspicuas sparsim ferentia. Metasternum sat
breve, fortiter punctatum. Abdominis segmenta 4 ultima distincte subtiliter punctata.
Long. 17 — 2*2 mm. (Plate X. fig. 16.)

In this species the markings on the elytra are variable, the two spots at the basal

270 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

margin being sometimes connected with the wide transverse fascia, but sometimes are
altogether wanting. The extreme apex of the elytra is usually dark. The meso-
sternum is prolonged subhorizontally in front of the coxae, almost continuing the plane
of the metasternum. It is coarsely sculptured except for the very narrow front margin
which is overlapped by the prosternum.

Hab. Molokai. Highest forests above 4000 ft.

(12) Apterocis subaeneus, sp. no v.

Praecedenti cognatissimus, sed forma paullo angustiore, prothorace nigro, subaeneo-
micante, ad angulos anteriores haud flavo-maculato, distinguendus. Long, vix 2 mm.

Extremely like A, strigosus but a narrower insect with black slightly aeneous
prothorax, which is not maculate at the front angles. The pale setae are observable on
the thorax, and on the elytra they are decidedly less inconspicuous than is the case in
the preceding species. A series of examples may, however, prove this to be only a
variety of A, strigosus,

Hab. Maui. A single example taken on Haleakala at an elevation of 5000 ft.

(13) Apterocis hystrix, sp. no v.

Unicolor, testaceus, aut capite nigricante, ovalis, sat convexus, setis erectis elon-
gatis dense ubique vestitus. Pronotum latum, postice haud marginatum, densissime
subtiliter punctatum. Elytra dense irregulariter rugoso-punctata. Long, circa 2 mm.

Unlike any other species, in form something like A. strigosus and its allies, the
convexity of the elytra and prothorax not forming a very strong and even curve, when
viewed laterally. The elytral puncturation is dense, rugulose and indefinite, the punc-
tures apparently not being of even size, and but shallowly impressed.

Hab. Lanai. Two examples (one mutilated) were taken on the top of the
mountains.

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE VI. (VOL. II.)

COLEOPTERA. CERAMBYCIDAE.

Fig. I

Clytarlus mediocris $,

Fig. I a. Terminal ventral segments of Clytarlus filipes $ .

Fig. I

b. „ „ „ mediocris $

Fig. 2

Clytarlus pennatus $ .

Fig. 3

J) jj + •

Fig. 4

C longipes $,

Fig. 5

Flagithmysus vitticollis ? .

Fig. 6

F. permundus.

Fig. 7

P, neivelli $ .

Fig. 8

P. concolor ? .

Fig, 9

P. cuneatus 5 .

Fig. lo

P, fu?iebris $ ,

Fig. II

P. diana.

Fig. 12

P. bishopi.

Fig- 13

P. collaris $.

Fig. 14

P. bilineatus 9 •

Fig. 15

P. perkinsi ? .

Fig. 16

P, darwinianus $.

Fig. 17

P. sulphurescens $.

Fig. 18

P. albertisi $,

Fig. 19

P. munroi $ .

Fig. 20

P, arachnipes ? .

Fig. 21.

P, cristatus $»

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|/i:f \\ }ff%

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE VII. (VOL. 11.)

COLEOPTERA. CURCULIONIDAE.

Fig. I. Rhyncogonus nitidus.

Fig. 2. R. squamiger.

Fig. 3. R' stygius. (N.B. Although in the figure this species appears very like No. i, it is really

very different, being opaque, whereas R, nitidus has the surface shining.)

Fig. 4. R. freycinetiae.

Fig. 5. R, koehelei.

Fig. 6. R, depressus.

Fig. 7. R, vittatus.

Fig. 8. R. vestitus.

Fig. 9. Acalles lateralis $ (Kauai form).

Fig. 10. A, callichroma.

Fig. II. A, melanolepis.

Fig. 12. ^. leptothorax.

Fig. 13. ^. duplex $,

Fig. 14. ^. duplex ?.

Fig. 15. ^, nigripennis.

Fig. 16. Dryophthorus nesiotes.

Fig. 17. Z>. homorhynchus ; 17^, head and rostrum of $ ; 17 <^, head and rostrum of $,

Fig. 18. X'. declivis.

Fig. 19. Z*. insignis.

Fig. 20. Z^. verticalis.

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE VIII. (VOL. II.)

COLEOPTERA. CURCULIONIDAE,

Fig. I. Thalattodora insignis ; i a^ antenna of the same.

Fig. 2. Orothreptes callithrix ; 2 a, antenna of the same.

Fig. 3. Deinocossonus nesiotes var. hawaiiensts ; 3 a, antenna of the same.

Fig. 4. Haloxenus immigrans.

Fig. 5. Nesotocus kauaiensis.

Fig. 6. Dysomma sylvicola.

Fig. 7. Heteramphus fiUcum.

Fig. 8. H. molokaiensis.

Figs. 9 & 10. H, cylindricus (large and small form).

Fig. II. H. kauaiensis.

Fig. 12. Oodemas olindae ? var.

Fig. 13. O, longicorne $; i^a, anterior tarsi of the same.

Fig. 14. O. molokaiense ; 14 a, anterior tarsi of the same.

Fig. 15. O. chrysodorum $ ; 15^, anterior tarsi of $ \ 15 4 anterior tarsi of ?.

Fig. 16. (9. graciliforme.

Fig. 17. O. kiothorax.

Fig. 18. O. pulchrum.

Fig. 19. O. oblongum.

Fig. 20. O. grande.

Fig. 21. O. corticis.

Fig. 22. (9. pachysoma.

Fig. 22i^ O. aenescens.

Fig. 24. O. sculp turatum.

Fig. 25. O. mauiense.

Fig. 26. O. striatum.'

Fig. 27, Anotheoriis robustiis.

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DESCRIPTION OF PLATE IX. (VOL. II.)

COLEOPTERA. PROTERHINIDAE.

Fig. I. Proterhinus gigas $ .

Fig. 2. F, eugonias 9 •

Fig. 3. P, eulepis $,

Fig, 4. P. wikstroemiae $.

Fig. 5. P. laticornis <?.

Fig. 6. P, serrtcornisj antenna i .

Fig. 7. P. eurhopalus^ antenna <J ,

Fig. 8. p. leptophyas ?.

Fig. 9. P. macuUfer $,

Fig. lo. P, kamptarthrus $.

Fig. II. P, deinops $•

Fig. 12. P. platygonias ? .

Fig. 13. P. leptothrix ?.

Fig. 14. P. pachycnemis $,

Fig. 15. P. laticolHs c? ; 15 c?;, front tarsi of the same.

Fig. 16. P. validus $,

Fig. 17. P. sharpi $.

Fig. 18. P. tuberculiceps $,

Fig. 19. P. sternalis $\ 19^, front tarsi of the same.

Fig. 20. P, piicrotarsus $\ 20 «, front tarsi of the same (drawn on same scale as 19^).

Fig. 21. P. arhopalus $,

Fig, 22. P, mirabilis $.

Fig, 23. P. alyxiae $,

Fig. 24. P. pteridis $.

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE X. (VOL. II.)

JOJ.EOPTERA.

FROTERHINIDAE, SCOLYTIDAE, CISTEUDA.

Fig.

I.

Proterhinus detritus $ .

Fig.

2.

P, epitretus $ .

Fig.

3-

P. kaalae $.

Fig.

4-

P, oahuensis $,

Fig.

5-

P. blackburni var. bisignattis $.

Fig.

6.

P. osculans $ .

Fig,

7-

P, perswiilis $.

Fig.

8.

P. hawaiiensis 9 •

Fig.

9*

P. eurhynchus <?, front of head.

Fig.

lO.

Xyleborus molokaiensis ? .

Fig.

II.

X, immaturus $ \ 11^, ? .

Fig.

12.

X exsectus $,

Fig.

13-

X vulcamis <?.

Fig.

14.

Apterocis lanaiensis.

Fig.

15'

A. ornatipennis.

Fig.

16.

A, strigosus.

Fig.

17-

Cis haleakalae.

Fig.

18.

C. nigro-fasciatiis.

Fig.

19.

C. msuiaris.

Fig.

20.

C, signatus ; 20 a, 20 b, 20 r, other varieties of the same.

Fig,

21.

Labetis cotnitans.

Fig.

22.

Cistela kauaiensis.

/ \ /

ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty
Islands and elsewhere, collected during the years 1895, 1896, and 1897, by
Arthur Willey, D.Sc. Lond., Hon. M.A. Cantab., Late Balfour Student of the
University of Cambridge. Demy 4to. Parts I, II, and III. Price 125-. bd. each.
Parts IV and V. Price 215. each. Part VI (completing the work). Price 125. 6^.

PART I. 1898.

1. The anatomy and development of Peripatus novae-britanniae. By ARTHUR WiLLEY, M.A., D.Sc.

With Plates I.— IV. and 7 figures in the text.

2. Metaprotella sandaleiisis, n. sp. [Caprellidae]. By Dr Paul Mayer. With 6 figures in the text.

3. On a little-known Sea-snake from the South Pacific. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S

With Plate V.

4. Report on the Centipedes and Millipedes. By R. I. POCOCK. With Plate VI.

5. Account of the Phasmidae with notes on the e^gs. By D. SHARP, M.A., F.R.S

With Plates VIL— IX.

6. Scorpions, Pedipalpi and Spiders. By R. I. PocoCK. With Plates X. and XI.

PART II. 1899.

7. Report on the specimens of the genus Millepora, By SYDNEY J. HiCKSON, M.A., D.Sc. F R S

With Plates XIL-iXVI. r j , , ,

8. Report on the Echinoderms (other than Holothurians). By F. JEFFREY Bell, M.A.

With figures on Plate XVI L and one figure in the text.

9. Holothurians. By F. P. Bedford, B.A. With figures on Plate XVII.

10. Report on the Sipunculoidea. By Arthur E. Shipley, M.A. With Plate XVIII.

11. On the Solitary Corals. By J. Stanley Gardiner, M.A. With figures on Plates XIX. and XX.

12. On the postembryonic development of Cycloseris, By J. STANLEY GARDINER MA

With figures on Plates XIX. and XX.

13. On a collection of Earthworms. By P'rank E. Beddard, M.A., F.R.S. With Plate XXL
14 The Gorgonacea. By ISA L. Hiles, B.Sc. With Plates XXII. and XXI I L

PART III. 1899.

15. Orthogenetic variation in the shells of Chelonia. By Hans Gadow, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S

With Plates XX IV. -XXV, and one text-figure.

16. Enteropneusta from the South Pacific, with notes on the West Indian Species. By ARTHUR

Willey, D.Sc, Hon. M.A. Cantab. With Plates XXVL— XXXII. and seven text-figures.

17. On a collection of Echiurids from the Loyalty Islands, New Britain and China Straits, with an attempt

to revise the group and to determine its geographical range. By ARTHUR E. Shipley, M.A.
With Plate XXXI 11.

PART IV. 1900.

18. On the anatomy of a supposed new species of Coenopsammia from Lifu. By J. Stanley

Gardiner, M.A., P'ellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. With one plate.

19. On the Insects from New Britain. By D. Sharp, M.A., M.B., F.R.S. With one plate.

20. Report on the Stomatopoda and Macrura. By L. A. BORRADAILE, M.A., Lecturer of Selwyn

College, Cambridge. With four plates.

21. Report on the Slugs. By WALTER E. COLLINGE, F.Z.S., Mason College, Birmingham

With two plates.

22. Report on the Polyzoa. By E. G. PiiiLiPPS, Newnham College, Cambridge. With two plates.

23. The Hydroid Zoophytes. By LAURA ROSCOE Thornely, University College, Liverpool.

With one plate.

24. Astrosckra willey ana, the Type of a new Family of Calcareous Sponges. By J. J. LiSTER, M.A.,

St John's College, Cambridge. With five platei?.

25. A contribution towards our knowledge of the Pterylography of the Megapodii. By W. P.

Pycraft, A.L.S., British Museum. With one plate.

26. The Stolonifera and Alcyonacea. By Sydney J. HiCKSON, M.A., D.Sc, F.R.S., Beyer Professor

of Zoology in the Owens College, and ISA L. HiLES, B.Sc, Owens College, Manchester.
With two plates.

27. Report on the Xeniidae. By J. H. ASHWORTH, B.Sc, Demonstrator in Zoology, Owens College,

Manchester. With two plates.

PART V. 1900.

28. A Description of the Entozoa collected by Dr Willey during his sojourn in the Western

Pacific. "Qy ARTHUR E. SHIPLEY, M.A. With Plates LIV.— LVI.

29. On some South Pacific Nemertines collected by Dr Willey. By R. C. PUNNETT.

With Plates LVIL— LXL

30. On the Young of the Robber Crab. By L. A. BORRADAILE, M.A. With figures in the text.

31. Anatomy of Neohelia porcellana (Moseley). By EDITH M. PRATT, M.Sc.

With Plates LXII. and LXIII.

32. On a new Blind Snake from Lifu, Loyalty Islands. By G. A. BoULENGER, F.R.S.

With figures in the text.

33. On Crustacea brought by Dr Willey from the South Seas. By the Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing, F.R.S.

With Plates LXIV.— LXXIV.

PART VI. 1902.

34. Contribution to the Natural History of the Pearly Nautilus. By ARTHUR WiLLEY, D.Sc, F.R.S.

I. Personal Narrative. II. Special Contribution.
With Plates LXXV.— LXXXIIL, a map and fifteen text-figures.

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

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C. F. CLAY, Manager

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