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FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

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FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

BEING THE LAND-FAUNA OF THE
HAWAUAN ISLANDS

VOLUME

BY VARIOUS AUTHORS

1 901 — 191

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FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

VOL. III. PART III.

COLEOPTERA. IL

D. Sharp

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COLEOPTERA CARABOl DEA

FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

OR THE

ZOOLOGY OF THE SANDWICH (HAWAUAN) ISLES

Being Results of the Explorations instituted by the Joint Committee

appointed by

THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON FOR PROMOTING NATURAL KNOWLEDGE
AND THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE

And carried on with the assistance of those Bodies and of the Trustees of

THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM AT HONOLULU.

EDITED BY

DAVID SHARP, M.B., M.A., F.R.S.

SECRETARY OF THE COMMITTEE.

VOLUME III. PART III.

COLEOPTERA. II.
By D. SHARP.

Pages 175 — 292 ; Plates VI, VIZ, uncoloured.

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175

COLEOPTERA.

III. COLEOPTERA CARABOIDEA\
By D. Sharp.

Contents, § i, General remarks; § 2, Systematic account ; § 3, Bionomical notes ;
§ 4, Bibliographic list.

\ 1. General Remarks.

The Adephaga or Caraboidea form one of the great divisions of Coleoptera and
include at present probably between 15,000 and 20,000 described species. About
212 species are here enumerated as members of the Hawaiian Fauna. The number
of species in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland is about 450, the area
of the Hawaiian Islands being about one-eighteenth that of the United Kingdom.
The series Adephaga of modern authors consists of seven families, only two of which
are represented in Hawaii. The five families unrepresented in the Hawaiian Fauna are
however comparatively small and, with the exception of the Cicindelidae, unimportant.

The two families present in Hawaii are the Carabidae with 210 species and the
Dytiscidae with 2. The Carabidae are entirely terrestrial, the Dytiscidae aquatic.

Of the 2 1 2 species composing the Fauna 2 1 1 are precinctive, or confined to the
area. The single species that is not precinctive is one that is distributed in various
parts of the world, it is believed, by travellers. This species, Plochionus pallens, has
been found on the island of Maui near Lahaina, the port first frequented by foreign
commerce, and does not appear to extend its range, though it is probable that many
years have elapsed since its introduction, which probably dates from the time when
Lahaina was frequented by whaling ships. It is now, and for many years past has
been, I believe, a comparatively unimportant commercial locality.

Of the 212 species of Hawaiian Caraboidea 149 are here described as new;
60 were discovered and described by the Rev. T. Blackburn (now of Adelaide) during
his residence at Honolulu, about twenty-five years ago, as a chaplain of Bishop Willis ;
the other three were known to earlier authors.

1 Parts I and II of Coleoptera appeared in Vol. 11 ; they dealt with Phytophaga, Rhynchophora,
Heteromera, and Cioidae.

F. H. III. 23

176 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

The number of specimens on which the following account is based is about 6500.
By far the larger part of this material was obtained by Mr Perkins while working for
the Committee. But I have also received specimens from other sources. I have to
thank Mr Albert Koebele, the economic entomologist of the Hawaiian Islands, for some
very interesting specimens. Mr Perkins has recently sent me specimens collected by
himself and friends. And Mr Blackburn presented me with a set of the specimens
described long ago by him.

Before entering on the systematic consideration of the genera and species, I may
be pardoned for explaining the system I have adopted. It is indeed desirable that
I should do this as the system is an unusual one, and some apology, as well as explana-
tion, is demanded.

It is evident from the statistics I have already given that this part of the Hawaiian
Fauna is quite apart from that of other parts of the world. We have no clue to its source.
It is also clear that this isolated and precinctive fauna must have existed for an enormous
period of time under most peculiar conditions. A small area separated almost completely
from the rest of the world, but divided into islands of a wildly mountainous character,
subjected for a vast, though uncomputed period^ to the most extensive volcanic disturb-
ances, while the history of the separate islands as to these disturbances is, chronologically,
widely different — such an area offers biological conditions almost without parallel on the
surface of our globe. Of such a precinct every philosopher must like to know the
history. Its Fauna and Flora are to be looked upon as amongst the most interesting
of the biological experiments of Nature.

Taxonomy. A preliminary scrutiny revealed the fact that these Hawaiian
Carabidae are as regards their main divisions quite concordant with those of other
parts of the world, but that they exhibit in an exaggerated form certain features
that elsewhere are comparatively rare. The chief of these are (i) flightlessness, (2) a
diminished chaetotaxy.

I have therefore used these two characters to an extent that has not been done
by those who have treated of continental faunas, and I have relied on them, almost
exclusively, for generic characters.

I am well aware that this system — as a system — has certain disadvantages. These
indeed I hope to make evident in the following pages. But now that I have completed
this part of the Hawaiian work I am of opinion that I have done right in adopting
it. It at any rate brings the systematic divisions on to one plane with the bionomic
aspects, and I think that by adhering to it my successors — and I wish I could hope they
will be many — will find the interest of their work enhanced.

I may perhaps make the merits and demerits of this system clear by saying that
under it an individual, by a simple process of discontinuous variation — such as there is

^ Dana, who studied these islands, considered them to be of enormous antiquity, but declined venturing
on any specific estimate of their age.

COLEOPTERA 177

reason for believing actually occurs— may ipso facto pass from the genus of its parents
to another. It follows that the contemporary members of one generation may possibly
belong to two different genera, though having the same specific parentage.

In admitting this many will say that I have condemned the system I adopt, and
that under such a system taxonomy would be merely a synonym with chaos.

To this I reply that I do not wish this method to be applied at once to the
Carabidae of other parts of the world. The Hawaiian Fauna is, as regards this family,
as isolated as are the islands, and we may be content with seeing how this method
works with this isolated faunistic fragment.

And I may add that I have reason to believe that these dislocations of taxonomy —
if they occur at all— occur but rarely.

If the study of the Hawaiian Fauna should show that they do occur; and if
observation should show that, at the periods of the phylogeny when they occur, they
do so in some cases with frequency, some evidence of real importance as to the mode
of origination of species and of genera will have been disclosed.

A brief statement of this subject will reveal some very interesting facts. The
209 species of Hawaiian Carabidae belong to four groups, Anchomenides, Pterostichides,
Bembidiides and Lebiides. The Lebiides should however be omitted, as the group
contains only two species, neither of which has I believe any claim to be considered
a natural member of the Hawaiian fauna. One of them, Plockionus pallens, I have
already alluded to as having been probably introduced to Maui by the whalers that
formerly frequented the roadstead of that island. The other, Saronychium inconspictmm,
is not known to exist elsewhere. It was discovered by Mr Blackburn twenty-five years
ago, one specimen being found in Honolulu, and a second among dead leaves on
Konahuanui. It has never been found since, and it is therefore very doubtful whether
it actually exists in the Archipelago. Its discovery elsewhere would finally discredit it
as a natural member of the Hawaiian fauna.

The precinctive Hawaiian Carabidous fauna may therefore be considered to
consist of 209 species, belonging entirely to three groups. The Carabidous fauna of the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland consists of about 315 species, belonging
to 25 groups. The remarkable taxonomic concentration of the Hawaiian fauna is not
however adequately expressed by this brief statement because the Pterostichides form
generally one of the largest and most varied of all the groups of Carabidae in all parts
of the world ; but in the Hawaiian fauna it includes 78 species, all of which would be
placed in a single genus, Cyclothorax, were it not that I have separated them therefrom
and divided them into four genera on certain of the degradational characters that form
so marked a feature of the Hawaiian Carabidae.

Flightlessness. Vestigial wings. Much has been written on this subject, but
the conclusions usually stated have a very small basis of fact, and interesting as the
subject is, it must be considered a really neglected one. The data I here give are

23—2

178 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

therefore of some importance^ though they are very imperfect. They show that of
204 species 184 are flightless — possessing only vestigial wings — while twenty are fully
winged'. In other words, 90 per cent, of the Hawaiian Carabidae are flightless species.
I believe that in most continental regions these proportions would be about reversed ;
but no statistics as to this exist so far as I know ; and no doubt the proportion would
be found to differ greatly according to the locality selected for investigation. The
Carabidae are ** ground beetles/' and allied forms may be either flightless or winged.
Anchomenides are usually winged ; the only known allies of our Cyclothorax-ioxms are
winged ; and the whole of the European Bembidiides I have examined are winged.
The forms to which the Hawaiian Carabidae are allied are therefore chiefly winged
forms. A parallel to the remarkable flightless Bembidiid fauna of Hawaii is however
found in St Helena, where eleven out of the twelve species discovered by Mr Wollaston
are ** wingless."

Table of Hawaiian Flightless and Winged Carabidae,

Genus etc.

Flightless.

Winged.

Genus etc.

Flightless.

Winged.

No. of species.

No. of species.

No. of species.

No. of species.

Anchomenides.

Flatynus

2

Blackburnia

I

Mecostomus

I

Deropristus

3

Mecomenus

2

Airachycnemh

3

Metrofnenus

26

Anchotefflus

2

Pseiidobroscus

I

Pterostichides.

Derobroscus

3

Mecydothorax

30

Brosconymus

I

Thriscothorax

29

Anchonymus

I

Atelothorax

I

Mauna

I

Metrothorax

i6

Disenochiis

12

Chalconienus

3

Bembidiides.

Barypristus

2

Gnatholymnaeum

I

Baryneus

I

Nesolymnaeum

I

Colpodiscus

2

Beifibidium

5

Prodisenochus

I

Nesocidium

10

Apteromesus

I

Atelidium

I

Mysticomenus

2

Metrociditim

2

Colpocaccus

6

Nesomicrops

I

Atelothtiis

n

Macranillus

I

Mesothriscus

14

Total 184 20

It would be out of place to discuss at any length the theories that have been or

that might be promulgated in reference to the flightlessness of insular beetles. Charles

Darwin believed *'that the wingless condition of so many Madeira beetles is mainly

due to the action of natural selection, combined probably with disuse." Since he wrote

* In the following table Tachys, of the Bembidiides, is omitted (as well as the two Lebiides previously
alluded to) because I have no material for examination and it is doubtful whether they are more than recently
introduced forms.

COLEOPTERA 179

it has, I believe, been stated that the insects of islands fly either better or worse (in
many cases not at all) than those of continents. The former of these alternatives can
scarcely be true as regards the Hawaiian Carabidae. Several of the species that have
powers of flight have so limited a distribution within their haunts that it is clear they
avail themselves of their wings very little ; Colpocaccus, one of the winged genera, is
more numerous in individuals than most of the other Anchomenides, but it is a feeble
form, and doubtless — like most other beetles — drifts rather than flies. I do not think
that the factors that have induced loss of wings in Hawaiian Carabidae are at all well
expressed by Darwin's formula. I look on the loss of wings as induced probably by
change3 of habit becoming correlative with modes of growth ' ; and though the results
may be effected to some extent by disuse, I think they have been mainly controlled by
changes in habits, in instinct, and in physiological processes resulting from those prior
modifications, and again inducing changes in the correlation of various parts of the
body. Whether selection has played any part in the matter is clearly uncertain.

Vestigial wings. It is commonly supposed and frequently stated that flightless
or wingless beetles are apterous. This is a complete mistake, nearly the whole of the
species called apterous really possess four wings ; the anterior pair being transformed
into elytra and the posterior pair reduced to appendages of varying size and form
according to species, genus, etc. That these appendages are vestiges of organs that
were formerly larger and then functionally useful is, for a variety of reasons that cannot
here be discussed, probably true in a majority of cases if not in all. At the same time
this does not prevent it from being also true that they may in some cases be rudiments
as well as vestiges ; in the sense that they may become again increased after having
undergone reduction. These vestigial organs have been examined by me in the
Hawaiian Carabidae to a certain extent, and I have made use of them for the purpose
of establishing genera. I have invariably treated a species in which the wings are
capable of being used for flight as of a different genus from one in which they are
useless for this purpose. A functional wing is, in Carabidae, in the condition of repose
twice folded ; once by being bent (not doubled, but turned as if hinged) just proximal
to the stigma on the costa, and again quite near to the tip. The functionless wings, or
vestiges, are never thus folded even when they are of their largest size ; their nervura-
tion is very much reduced, and the apical part of the wing — that part beyond the
stigma — is in Hawaiian flightless forms completely absent. There is in fact a great gap
structurally between the functional and the functionless wing.

On the other hand the functionless — or vestigial — wing differs greatly according to
species, as will be seen by reference to our plates.

Although great interest attaches to these vestigial wings of Coleoptera they have
been very little studied, and I think therefore it will be worth while for me to set forth

^ The bionomical notes at the conclusion of this memoir are of special interest in connection with this
subject.

i8o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

what I have observed about our Hawaiian forms. As the results differ in the case of
the three groups, I will take them separately.

Group Anchomenides. A fair standard of comparison as to the size of the
wings can be found in this group by comparing the length of the wing with that
of the elytron. Most of the Hawaiian winged genera of this group have the wings
about the usual size» the length of the wing being about \\ that of the elytron. In
Barynetis sharpi the measurement gives wing 15 mm., elytron 9^^ mm. Although no
data have, so far as I am aware, been published previously on the subject, this is I
believe about the same relation as is usual outside the islands ; I find that in our
well-known European Anchomenus parumpunctattis^ the lengths are wing 6f mm.,
elytron d^\ mm. The Hawaiian genera Colpocaccus, Mysticomenus, and Colpodisctts,
as well as Barynetis, have similar relative measurements. In the genus Chalcomenus
the dimension of the wing is distinctly reduced, it being in C. molokazensts y mm.
to 5^^ for the elytron. In the aberrant C costahis (from Kauai) the reduction of
the wing is strongly marked, as is evident from inspection of PL VI. fig. 22.
Measurement here gives wing 5f , elytra 4| mm. The wing is in this case however
perfectly well developed, all the nervures being present and strong. There is no
connecting link between this and the numerous forms of vestigial wings. These
vary much in size according to the species, as may be seen by a glance at the
plate ; the transverse folding is completely absent, and the nervuration is very
incomplete ; the apical portion of the wing has in fact completely disappeared. The
vestiges differ to some extent in shape, and a little in nervuration ; the stigma, or
large chitinous spot on the costa, can frequently be detected just at the tip of the
vestige, and differs a little in position. The vestige is large in Barypristus in-
cendiarius and also in Apteromesus maculahis : in the former measurement gives
about, wing 6\, elytron 10^; and in Apteromesus, wing 2, elytron 4. The vestiges
are extremely reduced in the most remarkable of the Hawaiian Anchomenides, being in
Deroprishis about ^mm. long, while the elytron is 5f mm.

In any single species of Anchomenid the vestiges vary but little so far as I have
observed. In testing this I have had assistance from Miss Alice Embleton. Upw^ards
of fifty examples of one species have been examined, the method being as follows.
The vestiges not being visible in the ordinary condition of the insect with closed elytra,
38 examples of these were selected ; the chosen being those that differed most in size
and shape: one elytron and one vestigial wing (those of the right-hand side) were
taken off each specimen and fastened with gum on ruled millimetre paper, specimen
and appendages side by side. In addition to the examples measured and tabulated
by Miss Embleton, I myself dealt with fifteen or sixteen others. In all upwards of fifty
specimens of Barypristus rupicola were dealt with. It is scarcely necessary to give the
measurements of all the individuals, it is sufficient to say that the elytra were found
to vary in length about 27 mm., the longest being ir2, the shortest 8*5. The vestiges

COLEOPTERA i8i

varied about i mm. in length, the longest being about 3*5, the smallest about 2*5 mm.
Thus the vestiges in absolute variation varied much less than the elytra, but in
proportion to their sizes the variation of the vestiges was somewhat the greater.

I have not made any other extensive special examination of these Anchomenid
wings, but I have seen nothing to lead me to suppose that they are variable to any
considerable extent ; and I incline to believe that what is true of the variation of
Barypristus rupicola applies to most of the other species. It amounts to this, that the
vestiges are not very variable ; and that if, where they are still fairly large, they are to
be looked on as in process of diminishing, then the diminution is effected by factors that
affect all the individuals of a species in an approximately similar manner'.

Group Pterostichides. Our 78 species of this group are all I believe flightless.
I have examined those species that from their shape and contour gave a suggestion that
they might be winged, but I have found none that were so. Mecyclothorax ainaroides
is a robust, broad-shouldered form, and I thought would certainly have good wings. On
the contrary they are completely vestigial. The vestiges are apparendy but little
varied ; I have noticed that usually they are about as long as the metanotum ; in M,
montivagus they are about | the length of the metanotum.

The phenomena in this group appear to be considerably different from those we find
in the Anchomenides, the species being all flightless, and the vestigial wings but litde
varied.

Group Bembidiides. In this group the two genera Nesolymnaeum and Bembidimn
with five species, are winged. The other forms are doubriess all flighdess, and many of
them, judging from their general appearance, are probably in the most advanced con-
dition of wing-degeneration. We have obtained but a small number of specimens in this
group, so that of only two species have I had any material for examining the wing-
variation. These are Bembidium molokaiense and Nesocidium laetimhmt. In discussing
them I shall narrate my observations and need not repeat them here. It is sufficient
to say that during my examination of the Kauai examples that I supposed to belong
to the flightless Nesocidmm I discovered two individuals I had assigned to it to be
fully winged. I am unable to distinguish them by any other character, and though
I have at present treated them as distinct (and as a variety of Bembidium molokaiense)
I cannot but think that if further investigation were made of this species in Kauai we
should find some interesting facts. I anticipate that we should discover that the
flightless Nesocidium laeticulum sometimes occurs with fully developed wings (and is
then according to the present system Bembidium molokaiense var.). If so the varietal
formula would be something of this sort, viz. this species of creature usually has only
1 Casey examined vestigial wings oi Blapstinus and found them but little variable (Ann. New York Ac. vi.
1892). It has been stated that certain European Carabus fly in certain localities, though the wings are
atrophied elsewhere. This is contradicted by Lomnicki, who states that Carabus is always flightless, and that
the vestigial wmgs are in most species constant in size ; but that in one or two species they are dimorphic,
being of two grades of development. My own observations lead me to believe that Lomnicki's statements are
probably correct. Zool Anz. 1898, p. 352.

l82

FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

small vestigial wings ; but specimens occur in which the vestiges are larger, though
functionless, and also other individuals in which the wings are of full size and functionally
fit ; the discontinuity of the variation being in this case very remarkable.

It will thus be seen that my observations, admittedly of a very imperfect character,
tend to show that probably the phenomena of wing-variation are different in each of the
three groups that make up the Carabidous fauna of Hawaii.

Chaetotaxy, This subject has become of an importance that is still increasing in
several orders of Insects. From the chitinous skeleton there stand out hairs that in
some cases penetrate the chitin and are connected with a special nerve, thus forming a
simple but effective set of sense-organs. The description of the ways in which these
hairs are arranged is called chaetotaxy. In Carabidae those on the head have been
found to be of great importance for classification. The great sub-family Harpalini —
possessing probably 100,000 species — is characterised by the possession of two intra-
orbital setae on each side. All our Hawaiian Carabidae belong to this sub-family.

The setae on the thorax I consider to be also of considerable importance in the
three groups to which the Hawaiian Carabidae belong. Their number is, normally, two
on each side, one at or near the hind angle, the other a little before the middle. This
condition is varied by the absence of one or of both of the setae in certain genera or
subgenera^ Outside the Hawaiian islands this normal condition of a pair of thoracic
setae on each side seems to be extremely usual in the two groups Anchomenides and
Bembidiides, and it is the condition existing in the only extra- Hawaiian genus — Cyclo-
thorax— xkvBX is allied to the Hawaiian Pterostichides. Just as we found the Hawaiian
Carabidae to be remarkably subject to degeneration of the wings, so do we find them to
be remarkable for the diminished number or total absence of these thoracic setae. The
cephalic setae remain constant in their number in Hawaii, but of the 208 species no less
than 146 have a diminished number of setae, as shown in the following Table of the
thoracic setae of Hawaiian Carabidae.

Name of genus

2 pairs of setae

I pair of setae ;
basal

I pair of setae ;
median

No setae

No. of species

No. of species

No. of species

No. of species

Anchomenides.

Blacklmrnia

I

Deropristus
Atrachycnemis
Anchoteffliis
Pseiidobrosciis

3
I

I

2
2

Derobrosciis

3

Brosconymus
AnchonyniMs

I

I

' Systematists are not yet agreed as to the taxonomic value of these thoracic setae. In some divisions of
Carabidae they are but of little importance ; but in the three groups with which we are occupied I am con-
vinced that they are of generic value. There are also a few cases that detract from the importance of the
intra-orbital setae.

COLEOPTERA

i8.

Name of genus

1 pairs of setae

I pair of setae ;

basal

I pair of setae ;
median

No setae

No. of species

No. of species

No. of species

No. of species

Matma

1

Disenochus

12

Chalcomenus

3

Barypristus

2

Baryneus

I

Colpodiscus

2

Prodisenochus

I

Aptero77iesus

T

Mysticomenus

2

Colpocaccus

6

Ateiothrus

15

Mesothriscus

14

Platynus

2

Mecostomus

I

Mecome7t2is

I

Metromemis

2(^

Pterostichides

Mecyclothorax

30

Thriscothorax

29

A tela thorax

I

Metrothorax

15

Bembidiides

Gnafholyninaeum

I

Nesolymnaeum

I

Bembidium

4

Nesocidium

TO

Atelidmm

I

Mefrocidium

2

NesoPiicrops

I

Macranilhis

I

Number of species

57

44

44

56

This table shows that about 28 per cent, of the species of Hawaiian Carabidae have
the thoracic setae normal, the other 72 per cent, suffering reduction ; the number
that have suffered total loss of the setae being about as great as that in which the
structures remain normal. The three groups are considerably different ; only nine per
cent, of the Anchomenides remain normal, while about 39 per cent, have totally lost the
setae. In Bembidiides only three out of 21 species have any diminution of the setae.

Very little is known statistically as to Coleopterous chaetotaxy, and it will of course
be long before statistics dealing with the whole order can be obtained. Even as to
the Carabidae we must wait long for adequate information, but as I have at different
times dealt with Carabidae from various other parts of the world I can say that I believe
that nowhere else have the beetles of the corresponding groups anything approaching to
similar statistics. We have not in Britain a single member of these three groups that

F. H. in. 24

1 84 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

has undergone total loss of thoracic setae, and but very few that have lost even one of
the pairs.

I have made use of the characters of prothoracic chaetotaxy for the purposes of
arranging the species in genera. As I have examined about 6500 individuals and as
this is the first time that these structures have been used to any great extent for taxo-
nomical purposes I shall be pardoned for discussing this subject at some length. These
setae are very easily removed by rough handhng, and specimens in collections are often
deprived of them. Each seta springs however from a pit extending to some depth in
the chitin and this always remains. When such a pit exists we are justified in treating
the specimen as one that had a seta there^. The pits are however rendered obscure in
certain cases by both artificial and natural causes. Sometimes they are filled up by dirt
— and this dirt may be either extraneous, or an excretion from the insect itself. The
natural punctuation, or sculpture, of the surface is sometimes of a nature that makes
it difficult to perceive the pit. In some cases, too, a decision as to the existence of
the pit is rendered difficult by its situation ; it may be on the side of a raised margin,
and this may prevent the light from falling on it. With a little care and experience all
these difficulties disappear.

There are however facts that to some extent invalidate the utility of this
character. In some cases the pit and seta are present on one side of the thorax and
not on the other. This however occurs but rarely. A similar anomaly occurs in some
details of the nervuration of the wings of other insects, but it is found not to seriously
affect the value of the character for taxonomic purposes, for it is believed that the anomaly
only occurs on both sides as a very rare exception. This is certainly the case as regards
the pit and seta. I have borne this in mind and am convinced that only in two or three
cases is it probable that the complete anomaly occurs. These I shall subsequently
mention as they are of extreme interest.

When, in the Hawaiian Carabidae, the pit and seta are present on one side only,
the individual may be safely treated as one of a species in which the seta is present.
This departure from bilateral symmetry is in fact a deficiency ; it is not a sport, by
excess, of a species having no seta^ It is recorded that in certain cases a seta may be
in duplicate ; that is to say, instead of there being one pit and one seta in a certain
situation, there are two in close proximity. I have only observed one such anomaly in
our Hawaiian Carabidae ; it occurs in a specimen of Thriscothorax uncttis, one individual
of which has the setae doubled on one side of the thorax.

Under these circumstances I have found it safe to rely on the seta for discriminative
purposes.

In the cases of Mecyclothorax robustus and Atrachycnemis sharpi I have acted

' This may not be absolutely true, as will be seen by my subsequent remarks as to Atelothrus transiens.
^ This, again, may not be absolutely true ; cf. what is said as to Metromeniis pavidus^ and Mesothriscus
trwicatus.

COLEOPTERA 185

inconsistently. I have placed in Atrachycnemis A, sharpi with setae, though the other
two species of the genus have none. But in the case of the Mecyclothorax I have
separated specimens generically, solely on account of a difference in the setae. My
reasons for this discrepancy are as follows. In Atrachycnemis the setae are extremely
reduced in size, all of the setae of the body being very small and feeble : moreover in
this division of the Hawaiian Carabidae the setae appear to be of less importance than
they are elsewhere, they being, I suggest, rendered functionally useless by the exudation
with which such genera as Blackburnia, Atrackycttemis and Anchotefflus are so frequently
covered. On the other hand the Cyclothorax forms have the setae of the body well
developed, and their presence or absence appears not to be affected by any considerations
such as those I have alluded to as existing in the case of Atrachycnemis. The problem
as to whether Mecyclothorax robustus and Thriscothorax robustus (differing almost solely
by their setae) may be really only dimorphic forms of one species, is not the least
interesting of the questions raised by my slight study of the Hawaiian Carabidae, and as
the insects are apparently not rare on Haleakala it may be possible to decide it by obser-
vation of the forms in their haunts. I have alluded to it when speaking of those species.

A most interesting condition is present in Atelothrus transiens. In that species the
pit is present but the seta that should grow out of it is usually absent We have
received fifty examples of this species, and in only one of them is the seta present ; it is
then on one side only, but it is of normal size. This is a highly interesting variation.
Taken in connection with the fact that the setae in Hawaiian Carabidae are so much
below the average it induces one to suggest that this is a case in which the structure is
at present actually in the process of specific atrophy.

The case of Metromenus pavidus and Mesothriscus trttncattis already alluded to is
much more obscure. Among 240 examples of the former species — which is one having
no thoracic setae — I found three examples that have a seta. It is medianly placed, and
I have described them as a separate form, Mesothriscus truncatus. If this should prove
to be a sport of Metromenus pavidus it may be considered a case of atavistic reversion ;
the species formerly had setae ; has lost them ; and yet examples are occasionally
produced having the setae.

One more point may be mentioned; there are in the Hawaiian fauna a certain
number of Anchomenids that depart considerably from the average of their fellows.
They are more elongate in shape, with longer legs, and are also of a paler colour than is
usual in other forms, Plate VI. fig. 10. In accordance with my system these forms come
into three genera, Atelothrus, Mesothriscus and Metromenus, I was at first inclined
to the opinion that the separation of these similar forms was a result that invalidated
the system. On comparing these forms-~of which there are some eight or ten — it
appeared, however, that none of those that I considered different on account of the
setae could be correctly associated as one species even if the setae were altogether left
out of consideration ; and I therefore look on these long-legged forms as instances of
convergence. They are all very rare, and are, as it were, being brought together

24 — 2

1 86 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

from different origins by some agencies we do not understand. Should these examples
— as we suppose many other Hawaiian Carabidae have done — lose their setae, it would
then be a difficult matter to distinguish the species, and many entomologists would
declare them all to be one.

Had I not adopted the condition of the wings and the thoracic setae as a basis for
genera our Hawaiian Carabidae would have appeared as members of only three or four
genera. The other structural characters I have used for discrimination are extremely
slight. This should be borne in mind, as the picture thus presented of three distinct
groups, each consisting of a considerable number of closely allied forms, is fairly correct.

There are one or two points of a general nature that may be noticed. The
Hawaiian Carabidae are as a whole considerably below the average in stature ; the
largest form — Barypristus incendiarius — is scarcely so large as owx Pristonychus terricola ;
and small forms predominate. The Bembidiids are on the average smaller than our
European forms, and there is not a single instance of a form that is large for the group
to which it belongs. Fine colours and elegant shapes are extfemely rare, but there are
examples of remarkable sculpture.

The fore-feet of the male are much less developed than usual. Their dilatation is
so slight that it can generally scarcely be detected. The Bembidiids form to some
extent an exception to this ; but this group is one in which this character is everywhere
inconspicuous.

Variation. That the Hawaiian Carabidae are variable is quite certain. To what
extent they are variable in comparison with their analogues in other faunas is however
a very difficult question. There are certain reasons that incline one to estimate too
highly the variability of Hawaiian forms. In studying European beetles we have all
sorts of books to help us, and these have been so drawn up as to put on one side the
variable characters and draw our attention to those that are comparatively stable. In
the Hawaiian fauna this is not yet the case. We have to look at everything, and unless
one has a long series, it is very difficult to form an opinion as to the stability of the
characters observed. After making allowance for this, and for the various isolated
forms that are easily distinguished on one or two specimens, I think that as a whole the
Hawaiian Carabidae are really more variable than the European.

There are many very variable species in Europe — protean they are frequently
called — but I think the proportion of these is greater in Hawaii than in Europe. Some
Hawaiian species are but little variable so far as extant evidence goes. The two species
of Deropristus, D, puncticeps and D. deroderus, vary but little if I may judge from the
lOO examples I have seen. Metromenus pavidus, of which I have seen 240 specimens,
shows but little variation. But it must be recollected that our specimens come from
but few localities, and the variation might be greater if the area of the distribution were
more thoroughly scrutinised. Whether there is anything in Hawaiian species to corre-
spond to the geographical variation one finds in European forms ; or whether that
geographical variation has become accentuated, so as to form species, by the separation

COLEOPTERA

187

of the area into islands between which there is but little communication, it would
be very difficult to say. But I have an impression that this is the case. The forms
I have placed in Colpocaccus are well-winged, and they are more nearly allied than most
of the other forms I have admitted as species, so that it would perhaps have been better
to treat one or two of them as subspecies. I incline to think that this inferior
differentiation may possibly be due to the greater frequency with which individuals of
Colpocaccus pass from one island to another. The numerous flightless forms can in
most cases be rarely, if ever, transmitted from one island to another. Careful inquiry
may possibly show that the flying forms are represented by subspecies in different
islands, and the flightless forms by distinct species. But on these points there is no
adequate evidence.

Distribution. All the Hawaiian Carabidae are precinctive with the exception of
one species that is probably not native. Three or four others may possibly be found
elsewhere.

There is nothing whatever to indicate any particular region as that from which
they were derived. Platynus and Bembidium are the two genera that Hawaii has in
common with other parts of the world, and both of them are nearly cosmopolitan.

The species of the Cyclothorax division (Pterostichides) are very closely allied to
the two or three species that constitute the genus Cyclothorax, These are found in
Australia and New Zealand. But in those countries only two or three of these forms
are known, whereas in Hawaii we have about 80. It would therefore be qpite as
reasonable to infer that the Antipodean forms have been derived from the Hawaiian
as to assume the opposite proposition to be true.

Distribution within the islands. We may summarise this by saying that nearly the
whole of the species are confined to a single island. When a species occurs oa more
than one island it is nearly always the case that the localities of its occurrence are on
islands that are adjacent, such as Maui and Molokai.

Table. Showing the genera and their distribution in the Islands, and the number
of species in each island.

Kauai

Oahu

Molokai

Lanai

Maui

Hawaii

Anchomenides

Blackburnia

I

Deropristus

Atrachycnemis

Pseudobroscus

I

I
I

I
2
I

*

Derobroscus

3

Brosconymus
Anchonymus

I

I

* Since the remark on p. 195 was printed I have ascertained that the habitat of Atrachycnemis koebelei is
W. Maui, not Hawaii.

1 88

FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Kauai

Oahu

Molokai

Lanai

Maui

Hawaii

Anchotefflns

I

I

Mauna

I

Disenochus

5

3

4

Chalcomenus

I

I

I

Barypristus

I

I

Baryneus

I

Colpodiscus

2

[

Porodisejtochus

I

Apteromesus

I

Mysticomenus

2

Colpocaccus

2

I

I

I

I

2

Atelothrus

I

2

2

9

I

Mesothriscus

5

2

4

I

3

I

Platyniis

I

r

Mecostomiis

I

Mecomenus

2

Metromcnus

3

17

5

I

I

1

Pterostichides

Mecyclothorax

6

21

4

Thriscothorax

3

8

2

12

6

Atelothorax

I

Metrothorax

I

4

7

3

Bembidiides

Gnatholymnaeiim

I

Nesolymnaeuni

I

I

Bemhidium

3

2

2

3

I

Nesocidium

5

2

1

2

Atelidiiim

I

Metrocidium

2

Nesomkrops

I

Macranillus

I

Tachys

4

Lebiides

Plochiomis

I

Saronychtum

I

44

40

34

7

80

21

This census shews :--Kauai 34, Oahu 44, Molokai 40, Lanai 7, Maui 80, Hawaii
21, species.

The most remarkable features are the richness of Maui and, in strong contrast,
the poverty of the great island of Hawaii. Further researches will no doubt result in
considerable modification of these figures. They are probably in part due to unequal
collecting and to other circumstances that are not really connected with the natural
distribution of the species.

The wealth of Maui and its neighbour island Molokai is very extraordinary ; and

COLEOPTERA 189

is most marked in the Pterostichides ; these two islands possessing 59 out of a total of
78 species. The island of Kauai is rich in Anchomenides and Bembidiides, but possesses
no Pterostichides. Oahu is the metropolis of the extensive genus Metromenus and has
17 of the 26 species thereof. Hawaii is poor in all the groups, least so in Pterostichides,
of which it has 1 3 species.

If this table be studied with the map it seems to indicate that the movement of
species has been on the whole from North to South. This is best shown in the
Pterostichides and Bembidiides. From the metropolis — Maui and Molokai— of the
former group, 4 species are found northwards in Oahu, but none have reached Kauai ;
on the other hand [3 species are found southwards in poverty-stricken (so far as
Carabidae are concerned) Hawaii. Kauai is the metropolis of Bembidiides, and it
seems probable that as species of this group are found in all the islands to the south
(except Lanai), that most of them have been derived from Kauai. The Kauai species
of Anchomenides are as a rule remarkably distinct ; and it is not unreasonable to infer
that — notwithstanding its superior age as a theatre for entomological action — it has been
comparatively free from immigration from the other islands, though not infrequently
sending emigrants to them.

Before passing to the enumeration of the species it is right to say that I think
this collection of Hawaiian Carabidae is far from being a complete one. No
Carabidae were known to live in the Hawaiian islands until about twenty-five years
ago. The Rev. T. Blackburn, during his residence in the islands, at that time discovered
and described no less than 60 species. The laborious exertion and great perseverance
of Mr Perkins have increased the number to 210. When I recall the fact that
large parts of the islands are entomologically still terrae incognitae, and also that
Mr Perkins collected, in the localities he visited, not only all the Orders of insects,
but likewise birds, molluscs, spiders, etc., I am warranted in saying that I think the
Hawaiian Carabidae may prove to include about twice the number of forms here
catalogued. The nature of the collection confirms this view, there being many forms
represented by only one, two, or three specimens.

Hawaiian Carabidae are extremely subject to the attacks of Laboulbenlaceae, a form
of Cryptogam that flourishes on chitin. This is carried to such an extent that some of
the specimens are perfect gardens of these curious fungi. Some three or four years ago
Professor Roland Thaxter visited Europe for the purpose of his phytological work on
this group. On his attention being called to the collection of Hawaiian Carabidae
formed by the Sandwich Islands Committee, he examined it in detail, and took away
many specimens of the parasites. He has since published descriptions of some of them,
and as he left a ticket attached to each beetle from which he took specimens of the
parasites, I have added to my paper the numbers written on his tickets. The species of
insect on which the Laboulbeniaceous parasite lived can thus be identified, as Professor
Thaxter published these same figures in connection with his descriptions.

igo FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

\ 2. Systematic account of the Coleoptera Caraboidea.

The Caraboidea, or Adephaga, as they are often called, are easily recognised by the
five-jointed tarsi, the rather long, slender antennae not thickened at the tip ; by the
highly developed mouth-parts, mandibles large, outer lobe of maxilla divided, and by
the structure of the under-surface of the abdomen, which has five segments visible along
the middle and six at each side.

In Haw^aii there are two families.

1. Carabidae; terrestrial beetles, with all the legs formed for running, and the
antennae delicately pubescent and setose.

2. Dytiscidae ; water-beetles, with the hind legs transformed to swimming organs,
the antennae quite bare.

Fam. CARABIDAE.

Subfam. HARPALINL

Two setae on the inner margin of the orbit, one of them just behind the eye, but
varying as to proximity according to the size of the eye. The four groups may be dis-
tinguished as follows :

Elytra cut off in nearly a straight line behind ; claws (in the two Hawaiian genera)

serrate beneath , Lebiides,

Elytra not cut off behind; the tips are either coadapted with the body behind

(Pterostichides, Bembidiides), or more or less flat and sinuate (Anchomenides).

Claws simple.

Last joint of palpus minute, appearing as a small appendage of the penultimate

joint, PI. VII. fig. 25 ,,... Bembidiides.

Last joint of palpi large.

Side margin of elytra near the tip distorted, PI. VI. fig. 12 Pterostichides,

Side margin of elytra simple Anchomenides.

The Bembidiides and Pterostichides are nearly all smaller than the Anchomenides.

Group ANCHOMENIDES.

Division i. Hind tarsi not sculptured.
(For Div. 2 vide p. 213.)

This includes seventeen genera. The tarsi are always evenly convex above, without
any grooves or impressions.

[It should be noticed that in some members of Division 2 the tarsi are only very
obscurely grooved.]

The following key will facilitate the determination of these forms.

Wingless forms, with remarkable sculpture, so that the large pits on the eighth stria near the extremity
can scarcely be detected. Blackbumia^ Deropristus^ Atrachycnemis^ Anchotefflus.

COLEOPTERA 191

Wingless forms, without a definite thoracic margin, sculpture normal. Pseudobroscus, Derohroscus,

Brosconymus.
Thorax margined; sculpture normal, not deep pits.

Wings fully
developed

Wings
atrophied

Chalconienus, metasternum short ) 4th joint of hind tarsus

Baryneus, metasternum elongate J not bilobed.

Colpodiscus, a basal thoracic seta ) 4th joint of tarsus

Mysticomenus, no thoracic seta J bilobed.

(Anchonymus. tarsi not lobed ) ,

... ^ • V -1 1- J \ "^o thoracic seta.

Apteromesus^ tarsi bilobed J

Mauna \

Disenochus \ i basal thoracic seta.

Barypristus )

\Prodisenochus 2 thoracic setae.

Blackburnia Sharp.

Blackburnia Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. (1878) p. 179 and op. cit xx. (1884) p. 217,
This genus must be considered as among those that have a single pronotal seta on
each side, though the incrustation of the surface leads to the concealment or destruction
of the seta, and the rough sculpture makes it difficult to detect the point of insertion.
This is the most deeply sculptured of the Hawaiian Anchomenids, but the surface is
always covered with an incrustation by which the sculpture is concealed. The thoracic
setae are destroyed in all the individuals before me except one : the point of insertion is
on the upturned edge, close to the hind angle.

(i) Blackburnia insignisy Sharp.

Blackburnia insignis Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 179, and Tr. Dublin Soc. n. s.
III. PI. IV. jfig. 4.

Although the dilatation of the front tarsi of the male is so slight as almost to be
imperceptible, and although the two rows of sexual hairs on their underside are not
visible, yet this sex may be distinguished from the female by there being only one seta
on each side of the middle of the last ventral plate instead of two, as is the case in the
female.

Hab. Oahu: Waianae mountains 2500 ft., July (Blackburn); February (Perkins).

Var. kaalensisy van no v.

Elytra only were found of this form ; the sculpture is not so extreme, the interstices
being less raised and the foveae not so deep and not so definitely separated.
Hab. Oahu: Kaala mountains, 3000 ft, March 1893 (Perkins).

F. H. III. 25

192 FA UNA HA WAIIENSIS

De:ropristus, gen. nov.

Thorax marginatus, ad angulum posteriorem seta erecta munitus, Alis perminutis.
Elytra grosse sculpturata, ad basin in medio haud marginata. Abdomen suturis
perprofundis.

The species of this genus differ markedly from Blackburnia by the shape of the
base of the elytra. The legs and antennae are moderately elongate. The males have
the sexual clothing of the front feet similar to that of most of the other Hawaiian
allied genera.

Although very different in appearance from Atrachycnemis, Deropristus appears to
be really allied thereto. The different shape and sculpture and the longer legs, palpi
and antennae, and the extraordinarily deep ventral sutures are the only characters I find
to distinguish it. The vestigial wings are in these forms reduced to their extreme,
being scarcely '5 mm. long.

(i) Deropristus blaptoides, Blackb.

Blackburnia blaptoides Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 157.

This is a very distinct species of large size, massive build, with the foveae of the
elytra very large and crowded. It is known only by a single specimen.
Hab. Oahu : Konahuanui, 1500 feet ; under a stone (Blackburn).

(2) Deropristus puncticeps, sp. nov.

Piceus, nitidus, capite thoraceque profunde punctatis, hoc basin versus evidenter
angustato, margine laterali prope angulos posteriores fortiter elevata; elytris nitidis,
sulcatis, sulcis numerose punctatis, interstitiis subconvexis. Long. 1 1 mm.

Plate VI. fig. I, specimen with right elytron and vestigial wing extended.

Readily distinguished from the following species (/?. deroderus) by the broader
thorax, the sides of which stand up more behind, as well as by several characters of
structure. The coarse sculpture of the thorax is deep but not dense, and is irregular,
the interstices between the punctures varying much in their extent ; the seta is placed
on the lateral margin, some considerable distance (^ mm.) in front of the angle. The
deep foveae in the grooves of the elytra are very numerous, there being 37 on the
sutural groove. A small series.

Hab. Molokai. In the mountains below the densest forest, 4000 ft. May and
June, 1894 (Perkins, Nos. 189, 589, 592, 594).

(3) Deropristus deroderus^ sp. nov.

Piceus, sat nitidus ; capite thoraceque grosse, profunde punctatis, hoc basin versus
minus angustato, margine laterali parum elevata ; elytris sulcatis, sulcis numerose foveo-
latis, interstitiis angustis, vix elevatis. Long. 9 — 10 mm.

COLEOPTERA

193

Although at first sight extremely similar to D. puncticeps this is really very distinct ;
the side-margin of the thorax is but little elevated, even at the hind angles, the thorax is
as broad behind as it is in front, and the anterior angles are not in the least prominent,
the last ventral plate is transversely wrinkled, and the punctures, or foveolae, of the
upper surface are larger. In addition to these characters the species is perfectly dis-
tinguished by the considerably shorter palpi, and the rather shorter legs.

The dilatation of the male front tarsi is very slight though distinct, and the sexual
hairs on the under surface are very evident. There is in the male only one puncture on
each side of the middle of the last ventral plate : in the female there are two. A fine
series of over fifty specimens was procured by Mr Perkins, and exhibits little variation.

Hab. Maui : Haleakala 4 — 5000 ft., in March, April and October (Perkins, Nos.
356, 370, 382, 636, 661, 680).

Atrachycnemis Blackburn.

Atrachycnemis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 120; Sharp, op. cit. xx. 1884,
p. 218.

Though the species for which this genus was founded was assigned both by
Blackburn and Karsch to the sub-family Harpalidae there is now no doubt that it is an
Anchomenid. I have examined the structure of the elytral margins, and find that they
make no approach whatever to the Pterostichid structure ; the tips of the elytra are
closely adapted to the body, which is unusual in Anchomenides, but that is all. The
mandibles are very thick, and so much bent down at the tip as to be almost hooked.

The insects of the genus are amongst the rarest of the Hawaiian Coleoptera. The
three species are excessively similar, and yet, if I am not deceived, differ by the fact that
one of them has a thoracic seta, while in the other two it is absent. They cover them-
selves with an exudation somewhat similar to that of Blackbtcrnia (though of Insignificant
extent compared to the extraordinary coating of the latter genus), and it may be that
this peculiarity prevents the proper development of the seta. All the setae are very
small and fine, at the best, in Atrachycnemis. In these two genera the presence or
absence of the seta seems to be a much less important criterion than it is in the other
Hawaiian Carabidae. Notwithstanding the comparatively well developed shoulders
the wing vestiges are very minute, as in Derop^Hstus.

(i) Atrachycnemis sharpi Blackburn,

Atrachycnemis sharpi Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 1 20.
Anisodactylus cuneatus Karsch, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr. xxv. p. 3, pi. i. fig. 4,
Plate VI. fig. 3.

This species may be distinguished from the other two by the more sharply marked
hind angles of the thorax, as well as by the presence of a seta just in front of the angle

25—2

194 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

and by the denser and more rugose sculpture. Apparently however it varies somewhat
both in the sculpture and in the form of the thorax. The sensitive seta, or its orifice of
insertion, is however present in all the specimens before me. The male and female are
extremely similar, but the former sex has, as usual, only one seta on each side of the
middle of the hind margin of the last ventral plate ; and the sexual clothing on the
under surface of the scarcely dilated front tarsus is present.

Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Finsch, Perkins). Haleakala, 4 — 5000 ft, February to
May and in October. Very rare. (Perkins, Nos. 112, 413, 582, 597, 610, 680).
Found at Olinda both by Herr Otto Finsch and Mr Perkins.

(2) Atrachyc7temis perkinsi, sp. no v.

Niger, opacus, antennis pedibusque piceo-rufis ; thorace angulis posterioribus
obtusis, sculptura subobsoleta ; elytris striatis, striis vel impressionibus angustis
elongatis vel foveolis parvis munitis, interstitiis vix convexis. Long. 7 mm., lat.
elytrorum 3 mm.

Thorax distinctly narrower behind than in front, the hind angles slightly obtuse,
the lateral margin fine, in front very fine ; the sculpture is somewhat coarse, but very
shallow, as if effaced. The elytra have rather fine striae which are here and there
interrupted longitudinally, or are furnished with comparatively indistinct foveoles. The
surface is very dull,

Hab. Molokai : 4000 ft. June 1896. (Perkins.)

(3) Atrackycnemis koebelei^ sp. nov.

Minus latus, niger opacus, antennis rufis, pedibus piceo-rufis ; thorace angulis
posterioribus obtusis, disco crebre punctato, sed baud transversim rugoso ; elytris sat
profunde striatis, interstitiis convexis, striis impressionibus elongatis angustis, et foveolis
parvis munitis. Long. 6^ mm,, lat. 2^ mm.

This is narrower than A. perkinsi, and so far as I may judge from a single
specimen, has a more regular punctuation than either of the other species ; the im-
pressions on the striae of the elytra are much smaller than they are in A. sharpi and
are similar to one another. The head is narrower than it is in the other two species, it
is dull and bears no punctures except those occupied by the sense-setae. The thorax is
almost destitute of sinuation at the sides behind, the hind angles are distinctly obtuse
and there is no sense-seta. The punctuation of the under-surface is very much reduced
in comparison with that oi A, sharpi.

Described from a single, male, specimen for which I am indebted to Mr A. Koebele,
the State entomologist of the Hawaiian Islands.

Hab. Hawaii. (A. Koebele.)

COLEOPTERA

^95

It is not quite certain that this locality is correct. Some of Mr Koebele's specie
mens were labelled ** Hawaii " in the sense of the Archipelago. I should think it
probable that this species is really from Oahu.

Anchotefflus, gen. nov.

Alae minutae. Thorax marginatus, absque seta erecta. Elytra sculptura profunda,
regulari ; ad basin modice conspicue marginata. Abdomen suturis tantum modice
profundis.

Type A, gracilis.

Proposed for two species that are extremely rare, and apparently not closely related
to any other Hawaiian forms. The two species are very different in appearance. They
have no resemblance to Derobroscus and Brosconynms which also are destitute of a
thoracic seta, but apparently are nearer to Deropristtts in which a seta is present at the
posterior angles. The internal portion of the basal margin of the elytra is not very
definite, especially in A, gracilis. The ventral sutures (of ^. gracilis) are normal. As
in Blackbitrnia and Deropristus, the coarse deep sculpture seems to replace the large
depressions that are seen on the 8th stria oi other forms.

The four genera Blackbitrnia, Deropristus, Atrachycnemis, and Anchotefflus are
difficult to distinguish by good characters, though they are very different in facies.
Atrachycnemis can be separated by its short legs (Plate VI. fig. 3). Deropinstus
(Plate VL fig. i) has the elytra quite unmargined at the base. In Anchotefflus (Plate
VI. fig. 4) and Blackbitrnia the elytra are margined at the base ; the former has no
thoracic setae. The latter normally has, but they are usually removed. In that case
the genus may be recognised by the quite extraordinary sculpture, though this again is
usually covered up by an exudation.

(i) Anchotefflus gracilis, sp. nov.

Angustus, niger, antennis pedibusque piceis vel rufis ; prothorace angusto, basin
versus angustiore, angulis posterioribus obtusis, circa margines punctato ; elytris humeris
carentibus, sulcatis, sulcis fortiter punctatis. Long. 9 mm.

Plate VI. fig. 4.

Antennae and legs long and slender. Head narrow, shining, without punctures,
eyes prominent, very distant from the thorax. Thorax much narrower than the elytra,
lateral margin normal, behind strongly raised, front angles not at all prominent, hind
angles very obtuse ; near the margins there are coarse punctures and the disc is slightly
wrinkled. Elytra narrow, ovate, at the base the outline slopes inwards in a very gradual
manner, the inner portion of the basal margin rather indefinite ; the grooves are broad
and regular, with narrow, strongly raised interstices ; in the grooves there are rather
large and deep punctures. The under-surface is very shining, except that the last

196 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

ventral segment is dull ; there are a few punctures on the flanks of the prothorax, but
none elsewhere.

Four specimens, all females. Three of them are old specimens much worn and
broken, the fourth is very immature and shrivelled.

Hab. Oahu : Kawailoa gulch near the head of the left {or south) branch ; from
rocks in the stream, April 1893 (Perkins).

(2) Anchotefflus elegans, sp. nov.

Piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque dilute rufis; capite vertice subobsolete punc-
tato ; thorace subquadrato, angulis posterioribus perobtusis, dense fortiterque punctato ;
elytris sulcatis, sulcis fortiter crenato-punctatis, interstitiis elevatis aequalibus. Long.
8^ mm.

Head shining, eyes prominent, vertex with numerous subobsolete punctures on
each side, in the middle the punctures less numerous and distinct. Thorax much
narrower than the elytra, a little narrowed behind, hind angles obtuse, front angles
slightly prominent, rounded ; the surface with remarkably coarse, close punctuation.
Elytra shining, each with eight or nine deep grooves extending quite from base to apex,
the grooves are strongly punctured with incomplete punctures, and the interstices —
differing little from one another — are rather narrow and strongly elevated ; the inner
portion of the basal margin is indistinct. Under-surface shining, with some large
punctures about the sides, abdomen impunctate, the first ventral segment obliterated,
the others only moderately deep.

Hab. Kauai : on the high plateau, August 1896 (Perkins).

PsEUDOBROSCUS, gen. nov.

Corpus convexum, elytrorum humeris fere nullis ; prothorax angustus, immargin-
atus, ad angulum posteriorem seta erecta munitus ; elytra margine basali fere nulla ;
tarsi posteriores minus graciles, supra glabri.

This genus is readily distinguished from all except Derobroscus by the unmargined
edges of the thorax. From Derobroscus it is distinguished by the presence of a thoracic
sense-seta, and by the robust build and comparatively thick tarsi. In general ap-
pearance it resembles Mauna, which however has margined sides to the prothorax.

(i) Pseudobroscus lentusy sp. nov.

Piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis ; convexiusculus, sat nitidus ; prothorace
basin versus angustato impunctato, utrinque intra angulum posteriorem impression

COLEOPTERA

197

profunda, ante hanc seta erecta munito ; elytris regulariter, profunde striatis, striis
punctatis. Long. 9 — 10 mm.

Plate VI. fig. 5.

Head narrowed immediately behind the eyes ; bearing no punctures except those
furnished with the erect setae. Thorax without any raised margins except just at the
hind angles, the front angles not in the least prominent, much narrower than the elytra,
much rounded at the sides, and a good deal narrowed behind ; the hind angles very
obtuse ; just within each of them a rather deep depression, and just in front of this
a large puncture bearing a seta ; the disc sometimes transversely wrinkled. Elytra
narrow at the shoulders which are entirely indistinct ; the rather deep striae are con-
tinued quite to the base, where traces of a basal margin exist ; the sculpture is very
regular on them, it consists of rather deep striae which are crenate rather than punctured.
The under-surface without punctures.

Hab. Maui : Haleakala 10,000 ft, April 1894. Very rare (Perkins).

Derobroscus, gen. nov.

Corpus angustum, elytrorum humeris nullis ; prothorax angustus, immarginatus,
absque setis erectis ; elytra margine basali subobsoleta.

The species for which this genus is established, have a brilliant metallic colour on
the upper surface. The narrow form is very remarkable, and in addition to the absence
of a prothoracic seta, renders the members of the genus unmistakable.

(i) Derobroscus mtcans, sp, nov.

Angustus, supra viridescens, nitidus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis ; pro-
thorace impunctato, utrinque ad angulum posteriorem fere in-impresso ; elytris obsolete
striatis, in disco seriebus foveolarum parvarum ornatis. Long, 8, lat. 2^ mm,

Plate VI L fig. I.

Thorax narrow, rounded at the sides and greatly narrowed behind, the angles
depressed and in no way prominent, the margins absent, except that the basal one exists
for a short distance on each side ; the surface is slightly wrinkled transversely and at
the hind angles there is a very obscure depression bearing two or three punctures which
however are more or less indistinct, so that, without careful looking, neither impres-
sions nor punctures catch the eye. The elytra are very narrow, the shoulders altogether
indistinct ; the elytra are not really striate, but bear series of moderately large foveoles,
which in some lights appear to be connected so as to give rise to an appearance of
striation. The sculpture is much more obsolete at the apex and sides. The under-
surface is black shining and polished, the first ventral suture extremely indistinct. The
difference between $ and $ is extremely slight, except as to the setae of the last ventral
plate.

198 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

It may be mentioned that the shrivelled, immature example does not exhibit the
foveae on the elytra.

Hab. Oahu : Waianae mountains, lee-side, 2,000 ft, Feb, 1896, three specimens,
two ty one %\ an extremely immature example from the same locality, April 1892
(Perkins).

(2) DerobroscMs polihis, sp. nov.

Angustus, capite thoraceque politis, elytris viridi-auratis ; nitidus, antennis palpisque
rufis, pedibus piceis ; prothorace impunctato, utrinque ad angulum posteriorem im-
presso-punctato ; elytris in disco seriebus foveolarum profundarum munitis. Long. 8,
lat. 2f mm.

Doubtfully distinct from D, micans, but with longer legs and antennae, with larger
impressions on the elytra, and the shoulders not quite so obsolete. The colour of the
elytra, if constant, would easily distinguish the two forms without an actual comparison
of individuals of the two.

Hab. Oahu: Lanihuli ridge near Honolulu, 3,000 ft, 27th Oct 1892 (Perkins,
No. 42). One pair (J and %) '' from leaves of trees."

(3) Derobrosciis solitartMS, sp, no v.

Angustus, capite thoraceque politis, viridi-micantibus, elytris auratis, antennis
palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis ; prothorace impunctato, utrinque impressione parva
munito ; elytris seriebus foveolarum munitis. Long. 8, lat 2f mm.

Doubtfully distinct from the two preceding species, this unique example agrees
with neither ; it is of a more beautiful colour, and in general form agrees with D, politus ;
it has however the thorax rather longer and narrower behind, and bearing a small fovea
at each hind-angle, and the foveoles on the elytra are not so large.

Hab. Oahu: Halemano, about 3,000 ft, under bark, Deer. 1892 (Perkins). One
female.

Brosconymus, gen. nov. .

Corpus angustum, elytrorum humeris nullis ; prothorax angustus, lateribus obsolete
marginatis, margine perparum elevata, absque setis erectis ; elytra margine basali sub-
obsoleta.

Except for the fact that the thorax has the lateral margin distinct, the species has
quite the appearance and characters of Derobroscus, There are a few species of
Disenochus in which the prothoracic margins are more delicate than usual (Z?, agilis
etc.). Brosconymus is not however allied to these ; the thoracic margin in it is not strictly
fine, but is due rather to an impressed line marking it off, than to its own elevation.

(i) B^^osconymus optatus, sp. nov.

Angustus, capite thoraceque politis, vix viridi-micantibus, elytris auratis ; nitidus,
antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis ; prothorace impunctato, utrinque ad angulum

COLEOPTERA 199

posteriorem impresso ; elytris in disco seriebus foveolarum mediocriter profundarum
munitis. Long. 8, lat. af mm.

This resembles Derobroscus solitarius almost exactly ; the thorax is however
slightly shorter and scarcely so narrow behind, and the foveolae of the elytra are
not quite so well developed.

Hab. Oahu : Halemano, under bark of Koa tree, January 1893, two male specimens
(Perkins),

Prof. Thaxter found Laboulbeniaceae on one of these and labelled it No. 1215.

Anchonymus, gen. nov.

Facies generis Anckomenu Alae minutae. Thorax marginatus absque seta erecta.
Elytris simpliciter striatis, margine basali arguta. Abdominis suturis baud profundis.

The Insect for which this genus is proposed resembles the Anchomenoid forms of
Disenochus, so that it may readily be mistaken for D, fractus\ it is distinguished there-
from by the absence of a thoracic seta. From Anchoteffl^is it differs in the delicate
simple sculpture of the elytra. It is of metallic colour, and makes a first approach to
the specialisation that has become so marked in Brosconymus. Disenochtis fractus and
Anchonymtts agonoides make a distinct lead from an ordinary Agonum to the two
remarkable Hawaiian genera Derobroscus and Brosconymus, and warrant us in supposing,
without too great a stretch of the imagination, that these two aberrant genera may have
arisen within the islands from ordinary forms of Anchomenides, such as are to be found
in many parts of the world. It is, too, worthy of note that the two *' leads" have some
approximation in habits to the two forms that are highly specialised both in habits and
sculpture.

(i) Anchonymus agonoides, sp. nov.

Niger, nitidus, gracilis, subdepressus, elytris laete viridibus, antennis palpis pedi-
busque rufis his interdum picescentibus ; elytris regulariter striatis, interstitiis latis,
planis. Long. 10 mm.

Plate VI. fig. 8.

This is readily distinguished from D. fractus, and most of the other Hawaiian
allies, by the simple and regular striation of the elytra ; the outer striae consist of series
of fine, elongate punctures. The thorax is narrow, with the hind angles very obtuse ;
there is very little punctuation on the basal part. About fifty examples. There is not
much variation in this series of specimens, but it is in the direction of D. fractus, so
that the two forms approach rather closely, though the extremes are very distinct.

Hab, Maui: Haleakala, about 5000ft., April 1894, under bark of Acacia (No. 250),
nearly 50 specimens. One specimen in Oct. 1896 (No. 680).

This species is very much attacked by Laboulbeniaceae ; Prof. Thaxter took speci-
mens under the number 1229.

26

F. H. III. ^^

200 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Mauna Blackburn.

Mauna Blackb., Ent Mo. Mag. xxi. p. 25,

So far as I can find, the unique species of this genus is distinguished from some of
the Disenochus only by the slightly deeper ventral sutures, and by the peculiar form of
the thorax, which is small and subovate. The species might be placed in Disenochus
without making that genus much more heterogeneous than it is at present.

(i) Mauna frigida, Blackburn.

Blackburnia frigida Blackburn, Ent, Mo. Mag. xv. p. 157.
Mauna frigida id., op. cit. xxi. 1884, p. 25.

Plate VI. fig. 9.

There is a little variation in the large series of this species, but nothing remarkable.
A specimen searched for Laboulbeniaceae is labelled No. 1221 by Prof. Thaxter.

Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Perkins): a single specimen only was found by Mr Black-
burn, at an elevation of about 10,000 ft, ; Mr Perkins procured a good many specimens
about the crater of the great mountain, and also met with it at an elevation of 5 — 6000 ft,
February, May, October (Nos. 374, 602, 612, 655, Perkins).

Disenochus Blackburn.

Disenocktis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 121 [nee Sharp, op. cit. xx. p. 218].

To the species for which this genus was originally established I now add several
others, making it by far the most comprehensive genus of this division of Hawaiian Ancho-
menids. It is noteworthy that, although the facies shows so much variety that some of
the forms look more like Pterostichini while others have the typical Anchomenoid appear-
ance, I can yet find nothing but slight structural distinctions between the forms that are
most different in appearance.

The characters distinctive of the genus are as follows. Wings reduced to mere
vestiges about the length of the metanotum. Thorax margined ; one seta on each
side near the hind angle. Elytra with definite basal margin. Ventral sutures only
moderately deep. Sculpture not extraordinarily coarse, though in D, micantipennis it is
peculiar. Tarsi with the fourth joint not bilobed. The size does not exceed 10 mm.

The first five species are all excessively rare, so that I have not seen sufficient
material to make me feel certain as to the forms being truly distinct species.

Species such as D. frachcs may be considered as central forms for this first division
of Hawaiian Anchomenids. I shall mention under Mysticomenus the fact that that
genus appears central for the whole tribe. Those who think that Hawaiian Anchomenids

COLEOPTERA

20I

are probably derived from a single form should imagine a transition from MysHcomenus
to Anchonymus agonoides. We have no such transition existing. Bary7teus and Bary-
pristusy which would answer such a purpose in several respects, appear to have only an
indirect relationship with either of the two forms.

(i) Disenochns anomalus Blackburn.

Disenochus anomalus Blackburn, 1. c.

Distinguished from the aUied species by the more ovate elytra, in conjunction with
a narrower head and thorax, and by the striae of the elytra being less deep and much
obliterated at the base, sides and apex.

Hab. Maui : Haleakala, 5000 ft, March 1894, under logs in the forest, two speci-
mens (Perkins). Haleakala, 5000 ft, February 1878 (Blackburn).

(2) Disenochus brevipes, sp. nov.

Niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis ; robustus, capite lato, thorace transverso,
basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, elytris subovatis, sat profunde
striatis, striis omnibus integris, minus fortiter punctatis. Long. 10 mm.

Head large, with large impressions between the eyes, mandibles thick. Thorax
broader than long, rounded at the sides and narrowed behind, front angles not at all
prominent, surface impunctate, depressed near the obtuse hind angles. Elytra large,
shoulders rounded, the sides but little sloped ; rather deeply striate, and with the striae
distinctly punctured ; the interstices near the suture and base a little convex.

Hab. Molokai (Perkins): 4500 ft., two specimens 15th and 18th June 1893; <^^^
specimen at the same elevation in Sept or Oct., all females. A fourth specimen, of the
male sex, found in the same locality i8th June 1893, is rather smaller and narrower.

An Acarus or two were attached to one of the specimens.

(3) Dise7tockus cephalotes, sp. nov.

Niger, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus rufo-piceis ; robustus, capite lato, thorace
baud transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, elytris subovatis,
sat profunde striatis, striis omnibus integris. Long, 9^ mm.

Very near to D, brevipes, but with a rather narrower thorax, and less deeply striate
elytra, the striae not punctured.

Hab. Maui (Perkins): West Maui mountains, 4000 ft, April 1894, one pair {$%)-

26 — 2

202 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(4) Disenochus fiavitarsisy sp. nov.

Nigerrimus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis tarsis dilute rufis ; capite magno,
thorace haud transverse, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris
minus late subovatis, profunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. 9 mm.

Readily distinguished from the preceding species by the darker colour, rather more
slender form, and more pronounced elytral sculpture. The only two specimens found
are male and female and are extremely similar ; the female has the head slightly broader,
which seems to be the case also in the other species of this group.

Hab. Molokai (Perkins): ^, 4000 ft., vi. 96; % Kalae, August 1893.

(5) Disenochus agilis, sp. nov.

Nigerrimus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis tarsis rufis; capite sat lato,
thorace haud transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris
vix subovatis, profunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. 9 mm.

This species has the elytra less ovate than any of the preceding ; it has also the
thorax rather longer and narrower than D, flavitarsis and less rounded at the sides. It
has therefore not quite the facies of the preceding members of the group, though in all
structural characters it appears to be quite similar ; the longitudinal impression on the
middle of the base of the abdomen is particularly well marked. Only two individuals
have been found. They are both males.

Hab. Maui (Perkins): one " Haleakala, 4500 ft., 28. in. 1894"; the second,
** Haleakala, 5000 ft., i. iv, 1894."

(6) Disenochus curtipes, sp. nov.

Piceus, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis ; capite magno, thorace transverso,
basin versus fortiter angustato, lateribus vix rotundatis, versus angulos posteriores basinque
subobsolete punctato ; elytris profunde striatis, striis omnium obsoletissime crenatis,
interstitiis subinaequalibus. Long. 6 mm.

This peculiar little insect is not allied to any other species ; the head is large,
the eyes prominent, though small ; the hind angles of the thorax are very obtuse^ the
surface near them largely depressed, so that the lateral margin appears a good deal
elevated behind. The strongly elevated striae have the alternate interstices a little
more elevated ; this is best seen by looking at the third and fifth close to the basal
margin. Two male, one female, specimens.

In shape and proportions this much resembles Atrachycnemis sharpi, but differs
much therefrom in sculpture and the very definite basal margin to the elytra.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins): 4000 ft., mountains above Waimea May 1894: October

1895; July ^896.

COLEOPTERA

203

(7) Disenochus aterrinius^ sp. nov.

Niger, antennis palpis tarsisque rufis ; thorace transverse, basin versus leniter
angustato, angulis posterioribus indistinctis ; elytris suboblongis, profunde striatis, striis
externis punctatis, internis plerumque impunctatis. Long. 10, lat 3 mm.

Plate VI. fig. 6.

Thorax rather large, gently rounded at the sides, without posterior angles, the
lateral margin but little more strongly elevated behind ; impunctate, basal impressions
indistinct. Elytra rather narrow, elongate and parallel-sided, deeply and regularly
striate; the external striae, at least, are distinctly punctured, and sometimes all the
striae are. The legs are long, pitchy black, the tarsi red.

This species varies a good deal as regards the depth of the elytral striae and their
punctuation. So far as I can judge, the variation is partly connected with locality. The
more deeply sculptured forms approximate a little to D, erytkropus. Additional remarks
on the variation are given below.

This species is extremely subject to the attacks of Laboulbeniaceae, some of the
individuals bearing many specimens of these parasitic plants. Specimens taken from
Z>. aterrimus were numbered 12 18 by Prof. Roland Thaxter.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins) : Halemanu in May, Koholuamano in April, Makaweli in
January and February ; the high plateau in August. The species was also met with
in October.

We have a series of 91 examples of this species, and I have submitted them to a slight
examination as to their variation. The method adopted was to divide them first roughly
into three groups, viz. (i) a form I have called typical, the characters of which are that
the form is rather slender, the black colour very deep, and the inner striae of the elytra
not perceptibly punctured : (2) specimens I have called variant, as they depart more or
less distinctly from (i) in the direction of (3) : (3) van a, specimens of large size, broad
form, with the thorax rather broader and more narrow behind, the legs not so black,
and the striae of the elytra comparatively strongly punctured. All the specimens were
then compared with the three selected exponents and each specimen treated as belonging
to one of the three groups in accordance with which one of the types it most resembled.
The extremes of (i) and (3) look so different that I thought they might possibly be
two species, but I am quite convinced that this is not the case. I give below the
numbers found in each locality so far as our labelling and records of locality permit
this to be determined. Koholuamano, iv. 95, without any number, i typ., 2 variant;
Halemanu, v. 95, i without number, van a ; Koholuamano, iv. 95, No. 505, 2 variant ;
Koholuamano, 16. iv. 95, No. 508, 1 van a ; Halemanu, 4000 ft., v. 95, No. 514, i van a ;
Koholuamano, 15. iv. 95, No. 516, 8 typ., i van a; Koholuamano, 13. iv. 95, No. 517,
typ. 4, variant 9; Koholuamano, iv. 95, No. 519, i variant; Koholuamano, iv. 95,
No. 519, I variant; Koholuamano, iv. 95, No. 527, i variant; Koholuamano, 13. iv.

204 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

95, No. 529, I variant ; Kauai, 4000 ft, x. 95, without any number, 3 variant ; Kauai,
high plateau, viiL 96, No. 631, i van a; Makaweli, 2500 ft., 11. 97, No. 668, 11 van a;
Kauai, 4000 ft., viii. 96, No. 676, typ. 13, variant 16, van a 4; Kauai, high plateau,
VIII. 96, No. 682, I typ.; Mts. Waimea, Kauai, 4000 ft., vi. 1894, without any number,
8 van a, but this lot is, as var. a, aberrant, showing the characters of the variety in
a variable manner, one very large specimen, for instance, having the striae but little
punctured.

So far as it can be permitted to form an opinion from such an imperfect record,
it would appear that there js considerable segregation of the forms. It is only under
No. 676 that we find the forms indiscriminately mixed, and that number represents a
month's collecting presumably in different localities of Kauai, so that no importance
can be attached to it.

This examination shows that, for the study of variation, detailed records separating
each day's work of the collector are desirable.

I may also mention that var. a — the extreme form in one direction— is much more
variable than the extreme form in the other direction ; no doubt it was this that led me
to call the latter the typical form, as I did before I had made any analysis as to the
variation and its segregation.

(8) Disenochus erythi'opus, sp. nov.

Niger, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis; prothorace basin versus fortiter
angustato, elytris profunde striatis, striis omnibus fortiter punctatis. Long. 9 — 10 mm.,
lat. 3^ mm.

This species is very highly polished, and is remarkable on account of the very
regular and conspicuous sculpture of the elytra. The antennae are long and slender.
The thorax is much narrower than the elytra, rounded at the sides and much narrowed
behind, the position of the obtuse hind angle distinct, the surface very shining, with
a rather deep depression near the hind angle. The elytra are broad, with deep,
punctate striae, that are similar both at the sides and suture though the punctuation
is absent from the apical portion, the interstices are broad ; there is no sinuation of the
sides near the tip.

Sixteen specimens.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins): Koholuamano, 4000 ft., in August and October.

(9) Disenochus sulcipennisy sp. nov.

Piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque dilute rufis ; thorace transverso, basin versus
fortiter angustato, basi punctata ; elytris profunde striatis, striis haud punctatis, sed
subtiliter crenatis, interstitiis subangulatis. Long. 8 — 9 mm.

The sculpture of the elytra is rather peculiar in this species ; there are deep striae.

COLEOPTERA 205

the sides of which slant so that, looked at in some directions, the striae seem broad and
the interstices narrow, whereas in other light the reverse relations appear to exist. The
thorax is short, very strongly narrowed behind, the side margin strongly elevated behind,
the base punctate, deeply impressed near each hind angle. The abdomen longitudinally
impressed at the base in the middle. About 30 specimens. The species apparently
varies but little.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins): MakaweH, 2000 — 2500ft., in January and February,
Mts. Waimea and Halemanu, 4000 ft., May.

(10) Disenochtis fr actus, sp, nov.

Niger, nitidus, elytris viridi- vel aeneo-micantibus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus
piceo-rufis ; thorace ad basin et angulos posteriores subtiliter rugoso-punctato ; elytris
oblongo-ovatis, profunde punctato-striatis, striis hie inde plus minusve interruptis.
Long. 10 mm.

Var. a. Paulo latior et robustior, supra aeneo-micans, thorace latiore, basin versus
fortiter angustato, elytris magis ovatis.

A rather elongate and slender insect. Thorax a good deal narrower than the
elytra, much rounded at the sides, and distinctly narrower at the basal than at the front
angles; a large depression at the obtuse posterior angles, these depressions rugose-
punctate, the surface a little in front of them and between them also rather indistinctly
punctate. The elytra are deeply sculptured in a rather peculiar fashion, appearing in
some cases to possess series of punctures two or three or more of which are joined to
form portions of a stria, in other cases the striae are less interrupted : the outer striae or
series of punctures are always strongly marked, and the impressions on the eighth stria
are always large, even if vague. About 50 specimens.

The species varies in the direction of the variety diagnosed above, a good many
specimens partaking more or less of the characters alluded to ; one or two specimens
approximate to Anchonymus agonoides, and can scarcely be distinguished therefrom
except by the presence of the thoracic seta, and a slightly deeper, more interrupted
striation of the elytra.

Hab. Maui (Perkins): Haleakala, most of the specimens in Oct. 1896, 4000--
5000 ft. (Nos. 661, 680); a few specimens were also met with in April and May
(Nos. 250, 597, 618, 620, 622).

Specimens of Laboulbeniaceae were taken from this species by Prof. Thaxter as

No. T222.

(11) Disenochtis longipes, sp. nov.

Elongatus, angustus, nigro-piceus, antennis palpis pedibusque sordide rufis ; baud
nitidus; prothorace ad basin et angulos posteriores rugoso-punctato; elytris oblongo-
ovatis, profunde punctato-striatis. Long. 10 mm.

2o6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Closely allied to Z7. fractus, but distinguished by the dull surface, the want of
metallic colour, and by the remarkably narrow, elongate thorax ; the striae of the elytra
are deeper and broader, and the punctures in them larger. One male specimen.

Hab. Molokai (Perkins) : 4000 ft., 8. vi. 1893.

(12) Disenochus micantipennis, sp. nov.

Piceus, capite nigro, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; thorace dense rugoso-
punctato ; elytris inaequalibus, striatis, striis minus argute sculpturatis, interstitiis 5^ 7''-
que costato-elevatis, spatio inter suturam et interstitium quintum longitudinaliter
depresso, interstitiis 2*", 3°, 4'' deplanatis, micantibus. Long. 7^ — 8^ mm.

A very peculiar species having no near ally. Head shining black, impunctate,
vertex more or less distinctly depressed in the middle. Thorax uneven, densely and
coarsely sculptured, much narrowed behind, base a good deal rounded, hind angles
distinct, slightly turned up. Elytra piceous, with the margins and apex more or less
dilute, acuminate behind, the sculpture very peculiar, the interstices near the suture
flat and with a glassy appearance, the post-humeral interstices more or less costate,
the external grooves coarsely punctate. Under-surface piceous, becoming more dilute
posteriorly so as to be flavescent behind.

A good series of about 90 specimens has been secured. They do not show much
variation.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins); Mts. Waimea, 4000 ft., in April and May 1894; Koho-
luamano, 4000 ft., April and May 1895.

Chalcomenus, gen. nov.

Alae magnae, tantum parte apicali subobsolescente (Plate VI. fig. 22). Prothorax
marginatus, ad angulum posteriorem seta erecta munitus. Tarsi posteriores filiformes
articulo penultimo nullo modo bilobato.

This I distinguish from Disenochus on account of the large wings, of which only
the apical portion is notably reduced in size. Colpodiscus has the hind tarsi strongly
bilobed, Mysticomenus has no prothoracic seta. The shoulders of the after-body are
better developed than they are in DisenochuSy but the metasternum is but little longer.

(i) Chalcomenus corruscus, Er.

Anchomenus corruscus Erichson, Acta Ac. German. 1834, xvi. Supp. p. 223.

Niger, nitidus, supra aeneus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis, his femoribus
(geniculis exceptis) fuscis, antennis extrorsum obscurioribus ; prothorace angusto, basi
recta, lateribus sinuatis, angulis posterioribus discretis, obtuse rectis, ad angulos posteriores

COLEOPTERA

207

impresso et punctato ; elytris profunde striatis, striis internis fere omnino Impunctatis,
externis, praesertim basin versus, fortius punctatis. Long. 8 — 9 mm.

There can be no doubt that this is Erichson's species. It varies in colour, old
specimens having the brassy surface tarnished, and more or less black. The species
has more the facies of European forms than have most of the other Hawaiian Ancho-
menides. About twenty specimens have been found.

Hab. Oahu (Erichson, Perkins): Kaala mountains, 2000ft., in Dec. 1892; near
Nuuanu Pali, Nov. 1892, one specimen.

(2) Chalcomenus inolokaiensis, sp. no v.

Niger, nitidus, supra aeneus, antennis fuscis, basi tibiisque testaceis ; prothorace
sat lato, transverso, basi subrotundata, angulis posterioribus minus discretis, perobtusis ;
elytris profunde striatis, striis ad basin punctatis. Long. 8^ — 10 mm.

Very closely allied to C. corruscuSy but distinguishable in all the individuals by the
rather different prothorax. The width in comparison to the length is fully as much as
five to four ; in correlation with this the base is a little more rounded and the sides less
sinuate behind, so that the hind angles are more indistinct and obtuse. There are other
slight but variable distinctions, although the character mentioned is the only one that
justifies the distinction of the two forms.

Hab. Molokai : 3000 ft., 12, v. 1893 (Perkins). About fifty specimens.

(3) Chalcomenus cos talus, sp. nov.

Niger, supra vix nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis, elytris vix subaenes-
centibus ; prothorace rugoso, angulis posterioribus fere rectis paululum obtusis ; elytris
irregulariter sculpturatis, subsulcatis, sulcis punctis magnis, saepius obsoletis, munitis,
interstitiis quibusdam costatis. Long, 8 — 9^ mm.

Plate VL fig, 22, wing.

This distinct species is very readily recognised, the peculiar dull surface of the
elytra, with some of the interstices elevated so as to be angular in cross section while
the depressed portions bear a coarse obsolete sculpture, being characteristic. It is
apparently sometimes found in company with D. micantipennis^ and has several points
in common therewith, but /?. micanlipennis may be distinguished at once by the flat
and glass-like surface of the second, third and fourth interstices. In C, costalus these
interstices are dull and the third is elevated and forms a costa. There is not much
variation in the large series of examples, though in some of them the sculpture is more
irregular than it is in others.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins): Mts. Waimea, 4000ft., May and June, 1894 (Nos. 258,
262, 265, 267, 271); Koholuamano, in April (Nos. 508, 516, 519, 527, 529); Kauai,
4000 ft., Oct. 1895 (No. 551); Kauai, high plateau, 4000 ft., many specimens, August
and October, 1896.

F. H. HI. 27

2o8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Barypristus Sharp.

Barypristus Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. p. 217.

We may now, after separation of B. sharpi, add to the characters of this genus ;
metasternum short ; wings vestigial, being small and not adapted for flight, though
always longer than the metanotum.

This is the most important of the genera of this division of the Hawaiian
Anchomenids, in which the wings exist in such a state as to lead us to suppose that
they may formerly have been larger and functionally perfect. In most of the other
genera the wings are either reduced to small vestiges or are so large as to enable
flight to be executed.

The three genera, Mauna, Disenochus and Barypristus, have very similar characters,
so that it is difficult to distinguish them by a definition. Barypristus has however
a totally different shape and appearance from the other two; the individuals are much
larger, and the vestigial wings are longer than the metanotum. There is no form
intermediate.

(i) Barypristus rupicola, Blackburn.

Anchomenus rupicola Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 122.

Plate VI. fig. 23, varieties of vestigial wings.

Mr Perkins met with this species about half-way up the mountain in April and
May, and procured a good series about the crater of Haleakala in October. It never
occurs in the forest, but is found under stones outside. It varies a good deal in size,
and a little in the width of the thorax. I have seen about 200 specimens.

Hab, Maiii : Haleakala, 4 — 10,000 ft. (Blackburn, Perkins).

(2) Barypristus incendiariuSy Blkn.

Anchomenus incendiarius Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. p. 105.

Plate VI. fig. 7, $ individual : fig. 21, vestigial wing.

This is the largest Hawaiian Carabid and appears to be very rare. It occurs under
the bark of Koa and oviposits in the chinks of the bark.

Although closely allied to B. rupicola, the species is certainly distinct It is rather
larger, has the elytra a little straighter at the sides and more acuminate at the tip, and
slightly more deeply striate. The front angles of the thorax are more broadly rounded.
The vestigial wings are 6 mm. long, whereas in B, rupicola they are usually less than
3 mm. and surpass that dimension only to a slight extent even in the largest examples.

Hab. Hawaii (Blackburn, Perkins) : Mauna Loa, 4000 ft. (Blackburn) ; Kilauea in
August (Perkins).

COLEOPTERA 209

Baryneus, gen. nov.

Alae magnae, perfecte explicatae, metasternum elongatum. Tarsi posteriores
articulo quarto haud bilobato. Elytra striata, nullo modo rugosa.

This genus is established for Barypristus sharply Blackburn. It has the wings of
maximum size, and the metasternum correspondingly elongate, while the general shape
and build is that of a winged Anchomenid. From Colpodiscus it is separated by the
unlobed fourth tarsal joint (Plate VI. fig. 15). The other characters are those of
Barypristus, The thoracic margin is largely developed and there is a conspicuous seta
on the lateral margin, the hind angles being completely rounded. The sculpture of
the elytra is entirely destitute of peculiarity, the impressions on the ninth interstice
are small and numerous, and the basal margin well developed.

Colpodes macropterus Chaud. from New Zealand is in appearance similar to
Baryneus, but has sculptured tarsi and two thoracic setae on each side, as is usual in
Anchomenides.

(i) Baryneus sharpi, Blackburn.

Anchomenus sharpi Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 122.

Barypristus sharpixA., Tr. Dublin Soc, (2) in. 1885, p. 213.

? Colpodes octocellatus Karsch, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr. xxv. 1881, p. 3, pi. i. fig. 3-

Plate VI. fig. 2, individual with elytron and wing expanded.

This is very distinct from Barypristus incendiarins on account of its shorter thora?^
and more slender legs. It is intensely black in colour. The wings are perfectly
developed and are 16 mm. long, and 6 mm. broad in a specimen the elytra of which
are 9^ mm. long.

Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Perkins): Haleakala, 3— 5000 ft. A small series was
found by Mr Perkins in April and May, 1894. The habits are the same as those of
Barypristus incendiarins in Hawaii.

Colpodiscus Sharp.

Colpodiscus Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. p. 217.

Anchomenus lucipetens Blackb, may be taken as the type of this genus. The
second species I reluctantly associated with it has the tarsi grooved, and belongs
therefore to a different division of the Anchomenides according to the system I have
here adopted (cf. Colpocaccus),

The ample wings, the strongly lobed foot (Plate VI. fig. 16), and the single thoracic
seta, make this a very easily recognised genus.

27 — 2

2IO FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(i) Colpodisctis lucipetens Blackburn.

Anchomenus lucipetens Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. p. 217.

Colpodiscus lucipetens Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. 1884, p. 217; Tr. Dublin Soc.
a s. in., pi. IV. fig. 3.

Plate VI. fig. 16, a and b upper and under surfaces of hind foot.

A good series has been found of this very distinct species. It varies but little.
The four specimens from West Maui found by Brother M. Newell and Mr Perkins
have the head rather darker in colour than any of the numerous specimens from
Hawaii, though there is some variety in this respect amongst the individuals from
the last-named locality.

A good many of the specimens seem to be infested by Laboulbeniaceae, especially
on the under surface. Prof. Thaxter took specimens under the number 1 2 1 7,

Hab. Hawaii (Blackburn, Perkins). — Maui (Perkins, Newell). Olaa, in June and
September, Kilauea in August. West Maui, Jao Valley, in September.

(2) Colpodiscus lahainensiSy sp. no v.

Subdepressus, niger, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis, prothorace ad
latera dilute piceo ; elytris elongatis, striatis, striis nuUo modo punctatis. Long. 15^^ mm.

Very different from C lucipetens by the elongate form, dark colour, and more
oblong afterbody. It has more resemblance to Barynetis sharpi, from which it is
strongly different on account of the large lobes of the fourth tarsal joint. Thorax not
transverse, straight at the base, sides much raised, the intermarginal depression broad,
even in front ; without any punctuation. Elytra long, with nine striae bearing no trace
of punctures, the inner striae fine but very definite, the seventh stria slighter, obsolete
in front.

Described from two very immature examples, so that the full coloration is somewhat
uncertain. But the species is very distinct from any other, and is certainly congeneric
with C lucipetens,

Hab. Maui (Perkins) : West Maui, Jao Valley, August, 1894.

Prodisenochus, gen. nov.

Disenochus Sharp, lint. Mo. Mag. xx. (1884), p. 218; nee Blackburn, op. cit. xv.
(1878), p. 121.

The genus Disenochus was proposed by Blackburn for D. anomalus ; subsequently
he added D, terebratus as a second species ; and it was on a specimen of the latter—
I having never seen the typical species — that my remarks on the generic characters
were based. The two genera are by no means closely allied. Prodisenochus is the only

COLEOPTERA 211

genus of this division of the Hawaiian Anchomenides that has two setae on each side
of the prothorax. It is also remarkable on account of the three or four large foveae
close to the lateral margin of the elytron. These foveae are somewhat irregular in
size and number. On the inner face of the elytra they appear as transparent spaces
surrounded, each one, by a black ring.

(i) Prodisenochus terebratus Blackb.

Disenochus terebratus Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. p. 227.

Promecoderus fossulatus Karsch, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr. xxv. (1881), p. 4, pi. 1. fig. 5.

This is one of the rarest of the Hawaiian Carabidae. It has very little of the
appearance of an Anchomenid, and it is scarcely a matter for surprise that Karsch
should have located it in another tribe. The species varies a good deal in the sculpture
of the elytra. It may be known by the peculiar fossae at the sides of the elytra, and
by the two thoracic setae. It is shining, intense black in colour of the body, the elytra
have the peculiar broken striation, characteristic of several forms of Hawaiian Carabidae,
they are not at all sinuate or truncate at the apex, the wing rudiments are small, but
extend to the hind margin of the metanotum.

Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Finsch, Perkins): Haleakala, about 4000ft., in February
and April.

Apteromesus, gen. nov.

Alae parvae sed baud omnino obsoletae ; prothorax absque setis erectis ; tarsi
articulo quarto bilobato, subtus piloso.

I establish this genus for an extremely interesting form in which the wings are
present, and of considerable size though merely useless vestiges. In this respect it
resembles Barypristus, though totally different in appearance therefrom. It is nearest to
Mysticomenus, from which it is distinguished by the vestigial wings and by the shorter
metasternum. It has the peculiar coloration of Mystico^nemts, but is very different in
sculpture, the striae of the elytra having nearly disappeared to give place to shallow
grooves, the interstices of which are slightly elevated along the middle.

The vestigial wings (Plate VI. fig. 20) have not the same form as those of the
genus Barypristus, being comparatively longer and narrower, nearly half as long as the
wing-cases, with a strong thick costa, and also a thick subcostal nervure, without any
chitinisation of the tip of the wing.

This genus has to a considerable extent the appearance of a Metromenus, and was
at first supposed by me to belong to our second division of Anchomenides.

(i) Apteromesus maculaius, sp. nov.
Testaceus, parum convexus, capite fuscescente, elytris irregulariter fusco-variegatis ;
his subsulcatis, interstitiis minus alte angulariter elevatis. Long. 5^ — 6^ mm.
Plate VI. fig. 20, vestigial wing.

212 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

This cannot be confounded with any other form, as it possesses the peculiar
coloration of the elytra found in the genus Mysticomenus, and in addition to this has
the fourth tarsal joint bilobed as in Metromenus palmae ; to these peculiarities it adds
another, namely, the angular elevation of the interstices found in some other species of
Kauai Carabidae. The antennae and legs are pale yellow. The thorax is short, trans-
verse, narrowed behind, with the hind angles completely rounded. The elytra are
nearly rounded at the tips, only slightly sinuate ; they have a somewhat irregular surface,
and the middle of each interstice is slightly raised so as to give rise to a faint appearance
of angularity in a transverse section. The maculation is very irregular, indeed it is not
alike in the two wing-cases of an individual. The tarsi are short and grooves on them
entirely absent.

We have received a series of about 60 specimens of this species. It does not vary
much except in the markings of the elytra, and that the disc of the thorax is fuscescent
in a variable degree.

Hab. Kauai : 4000 ft. on several occasions (Perkins).

Mysticomenus, gen. nov.

Corpus subdepressum, thorax marginatus, setis erectis carens. Alae perfecte
explicatae. Elytra ad basin argute marginata, ad apicem leviter sinuata. Tarsi articulo
quarto bilobato, subtus densissime piloso. Palpi labiales breves.

The two species of this genus are very remarkable on account of the coloration of
their elytra ; this consists of a very irregular mixture of yellow and dark marks, the marks
not being the same on any two specimens or on the two elytra of the same individual.
In M, tibialis the yellow colour is more extensive than the dark colour, in M. mysticus
the reverse is the case.

Mysticomenus is a very isolated genus. It resembles Metromenus in general
appearance, but the tarsi have no trace of grooves, and the large lobes of their fourth
joint are densely clothed with fine hair beneath, as in Colpodiscus,

Those who may think that the Hawaiian Anchomenides have probably been derived
from a single form introduced into the islands long ago might find this original ancestor
in some form like Mysticomenus,

(i) Mysticomenus tibialis, sp. nov.

Subdepressus, baud nitidus, flavescens, elytris irregulariter fusco-signatis, subobsolete
striatis. Long. 6| mm.

Mas, tibiis intermediis et posterioribus sinuatis.

Head broad, eyes prominent, placed near the thorax. Thorax broader than long,
slightly narrowed behind, not much rounded at the sides, rather flat, impunctate. Elytra
broad, very slightly striate. Legs pale yellow.

COLEOPTERA 213

The smaller extent of the dark pigment on the elytra readily distinguishes this from
the following species.

Hab. Oahu (Perkins); Waianae mounts. 2000 ft, February 1896. A small series.

(2) Mysticomenus mystictis, Blackb.

Colpodes mysticus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 147.
Metromenus mysticus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. n. s. iii. pi iv. fig. 2.

Hab. Oahu (Blackburn): Waianae mountains, 2000ft., July. '*Very local, but
not rare." I have seen only two specimens.

Division 2. Hind tarsi more or less distincdy grooved (Plate VI. fig. 13).

The grooving of the tarsi is in all the Hawaiian forms obscure, and in some of them
it requires a very rigorous examination for its detection. Nevertheless, it makes a fairly
satisfactory division of the Anchomenides. In many exotic forms the sculpture of the
tarsi becomes very perfect and remarkable. Possibly it may be a character that has
become diminished in the Hawaiian islands. In that case it is quite likely that
MysticomeuMs and Apteromesus of Division i are forms that formerly possessed the
grooves but have now lost them. Their general facies is that of members of Division 2,
and if they be excepted, this character — slight as it is in Hawaii — makes a perfectly
natural division of the Hawaiian Anchomenides. The character is easiest seen on
the outer aspect of the basal joint of the hind tarsus, and in some cases it can only
be detected there, and in the form of a slight longitudinal impression near the base
of the joint.

The genera are easily tabulated as follows :

Fully winged Colpocaccus,

Unwinged,

Mandibles somewhat elongate, Mecomenus^ Mecostomus,

(no thoracic seta Metromenus.

,., , , I thoracic seta, near hind angle Atelothrus.

Mandibles short - .u • -jji n^ ., •

1 thoracic seta, near middle Mesothnscus,

2 thoracic setae, i near hind angle, i near middle Platynus.

Colpocaccus, gen. nov.

Dyscohts, part, Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 143.
ColpodtscMSy part. Sharp, op. cit. xx. 1884, p. 217.

Alae perfecte explicatae, metasternum sat elongatum. Prothorax utrinque seta
unica, ad angulum posteriorem sita, munitus. Tarsi posteriores ad margines sulcati ;
articulo quarto parvo, emarginato, haud bilobato.

2 14 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

The sculpture of the tarsi is not so strongly marked in most of the species of this
genus as it is in Mesothriscus and AtelotkruSy but it is present always in the form of
a longitudinal groove on the outer side of the first and second joints, and may also be
detected on the interior side of these joints as a flattening or compression of the surface,
but there is no trace of a raised line along the middle. In the Kauai species, however,
the grooves are very distinct and the tarsi flattened so that both grooves are visible on
the upper face of the tarsus. Hence there are two well-marked groups in Colpocaccus,
The structure of the feet thoroughly distinguishes the genus from Colpodiscus, in which
I formerly very reluctantly located C tantalus.

(i) Colpocaccus tantalus J Blackburn.

Dyscolus tantalus Blackburn, Ent Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, P- ^M-
Colpodiscus tantalus Sharp, op. cit. xx. 1884, p. 217.

Readily distinguished from the other species by the deep black colour, even the
inflexed margin of the elytra being deeply pigmented. The middle of each femur is
always more or less infuscate. The thorax is somewhat narrower and longer than it is
in the other species and is usually darker in colour, but this varies a little. A very fine
series of between three and four hundred specimens has been secured by Mr Perkins.
Though apparently the most common of the Carabidae of Oahu, it varies but little.

Hab. Oahu, Blackburn, Perkins. Found in several localities, both in the Waianae
and Kaala ranges: very abundant at Halemano in December and January.

(2) Colpocaccus hawaiiensis, sp. no v.

Piceus, nitidus, subtus testaceo-variegatus, antennis, palpispedibusque flavis, his plus
minusve infuscatis, elytrorum margine elevata ferruginea ; thorace transverso, angulis
posterioribus perparum argutis ; elytris leviter striatis. Long. corp. 8 — 9 mm.

In this species the inflexed margin of the elytra is always bright yellow, and the
raised margin shews red or yellow on the upper surface. The femora are always
somewhat infuscate, and the thorax has the hind angles a little less marked than the
other species.

Mr Perkins has secured a series of about 200 specimens of this species. It varies
somewhat more than C tantalus does, but there is no doubt about even a single specimen,
slight as are the characters.

Hab. Hawaii (Perkins) : Kona and Kilauea from June to September.

COLEOPTERA 215

(3) Colpocaccus lanaiensis, sp. no v.

Niger, prothorace picescente, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum margine
inflexa ferruginea ; thorace transverse, angulis posterioribus obtusis, sat argutis ; elytris
minus leviter striatis. Long. corp. 8 — 9 mm.

Very closely allied to C hawaiiensis, but darker in colour, with the legs paler
(being nowhere infuscate), and with the thorax more transverse and less rounded at
the posterior angles.

These characters distinguish satisfactorily a large series of about 70 examples
from Lanai. In addition, I assign to the same species a small series from Molokai and
Maui (nine or ten examples from each island). The specimens from these two islands
have the thorax decidedly a little narrower, and have not the shape of this part so
characteristic as in the Lanai specimens. But I am not able to detect anything to lead
me to suppose that they belong to a really separate form.

Hab. Lanai, Maui, Molokai (Perkins). Lanai, 2 — 3000 ft., in January, June and
July. Molokai mountains in August. West Maui mountains, 4000 ft, in April.

(4) Colpocaccus apicalis, sp. nov.

Fusco-ferrugineus, nitidus, capite elytrisque nigricantibus, his subtiliter striatis,
limbo ad apicem late testaceo. Long. corp. %\ — 9 mm.

Closely allied to C hawaiiensis, but readily distinguished by the broadly yellow tip
of the elytra : it is also a somewhat broader insect, with more transverse thorax. From
C posticatus it can be known at a glance by the delicate striation of the elytra. Most
of the small series of specimens are immature.

Hab. Hawaii, Perkins and Koebele. Kilauea and near Hilo in August, appa-
rently rare.

(5) Colpocaccus posticatus y sp. nov.

Piceus, minus nitidus, antennis palpisque pedibusque flavis ; elytris limbo late ad
apicem testaceo, profunde striatis ; corpore subtus variegato. Long. 7—8 mm.

Easily distinguished from all the other species except C marginatus by the deep
striation of the elytra. The colour is a little variable, but is less pigmented with black
than any of the other species. The thorax is strongly transverse, and the posterior
angles are sharply marked, though slightly obtuse.

Hab. Kauai, Perkins. Koholuamano in April. Mts. Waimea in May. Rare.

(6) Colpocaccus marginatus, sp. nov.
Piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis, elytris anguste ferrugineo-marginatis,
profunde striatis ; corpore subtus variegato. Long. corp. 8 mm.

F. H. III. ^^

2i6 FAUNA HAWAHENSIS

Doubtfully distinct from C posHcatus, though wanting the broad yellow apex of the
elytra. The thorax is a little narrower.

Hab. Kauai, Perkins. Very rare: found in the same localities as C. posticatus.

Atelothrus, gen. nov.

Alae vestigiales. Prothorax utrinque seta unica ad angulum posteriorem sita
munitus.

In the highly aberrant A, transiens the thoracic setae are very rarely present, but
the pits of their insertion exist

(i) Atelothrtis politus, sp. nov.

Elongatus, angustus, nitidus, niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum
margine laterali angustissime rufescente, thorace plus minusve picescente, abdomine
flavo-variegato ; elytris sat profunde striatis, striis ad basin discretis, interstitiis politis.
Long. 8 mm.

Closely allied to A. erro, but readily distinguished by the polished elytra, the striae
of which are deeper and not so effaced at the base. The thorax is a little sinuate at
the sides behind ; the hind angles would be almost rectangular were it not that the
base is sloped where it joins the sides, so that the angles are markedly acute ; the sides
behind are but little elevated.

Hab. Maui (Perkins); Haleakala, 5000 ft., in March, April and May 1894, and
in September and October 1896. Some of the specimens are described as found under
bark of Acacia,

(2) Atelothrus erro, Blackburn.

Anchomenus erro Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv, 1877, P- 121.

Platynus planus Karsch, Berlin, ent. Zeitschr. xxv. 1881, p. 2.

This is closely allied to A. politus as already mentioned, but is readily identified by
the peculiar dull surface of the elytra, due to a dense minute sculpture, and by the less
deep striation of the elytra, all the striae being very fine at the base, and some indeed
of the outer quite effaced there. We have received about 300 specimens of A, erro,
and there can be no doubt it is distinct from that species and not merely a dimorphic
form, as there are slight differences in form and colour; these, however, are not so
constant as the diagnostic characters mentioned.

Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Perkins) ; Haleakala, 4 — 5000 ft., in March, April and
May, and in September and October. The localities and dates are the same as those
for A. politusy and if these two closely allied species do not actually live together, they
must be very close neighbours.

COLEOPTERA 217

(3) Atelothrus limbatus, sp. nov.

Elongatus, angustus, nigro-piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace
marginibus ferrugineis, angulis posterioribus leviter obtusis, parum rotundatis ; elytris
limbo (ad apicem late) testaceo-ferrugineo ; abdomine testaceo-variegato. Long. %\ mm.

Antennae very long (just over 5 mm.), basal joints yellow, those beyond somewhat
darker. Head as broad as the thorax. Thorax narrow, much rounded at the sides
and narrowed behind, hind angles obtuse and a little rounded. Elytra blackish with
a definite pale margin ; this marginal band is very broad at the tip, though narrow at
the shoulder. The apex is but little sinuate. Fourth joint of hind foot not lobed, its
angles, however, are acute and somewhat produced.

Three specimens only have been found of this insect in its typical form.

Van } concolor n. van Paulo latior fere unicolor, ferrugineus, prothorace angulis
posterioribus minus obtusis. Three specimens.

Hab. Maui (Perkins, Koebele); West Maui mountains, 4000 ft., April 1894, the
type form and var. concolor. Lahaina, 3000 ft., Koebele.

(4) Atelothrus longicollis, sp. nov.

Major, elongatus, ferrugineus, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace
elongato, nitido, lateribus anterius parum elongatis, parte basali elongata, angulis poste-
rioribus acute rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis, ad apicem parum sinuatis. Long,
corp. 9 mm.

Distinguished from the var. concolor of A, limbatus by the more elongate thorax
and the sharp hind angles. The small series of eight examples varies a good deal, and
it is possible there may be two species among them ; but I think it is more probable
that all belong to one variable species.

Hab. Maui (Perkins). Haleakala, 5000 ft., March and April 1894, and at 4000 ft.
in May 1896. Apparently it occurred only in single examples.

(5) Atelothrus constrictus^ sp. nov.

Augustus, convexiusculus, niger, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis; pro-
thorace angusto, basi recta, angulis posterioribus subrectis minutissime obtusis ; elytris
anguste ovatis, sat profunde striatis, apice parum sinuato. Long. corp. 7 — 7^ mm.

The rather narrower and more convex form, and especially the narrower thorax,
readily distinguish this species from its congeners of similar size, such as A, longulus.
The thorax is a good deal narrowed and sinuate behind, but in front the sides are less
rounded than usual. The antennae and legs are long and slender, the fourth joint of
the hind foot produced under the fifth, but not bilobed.

Hab. Molokai (Perkins).

28—2

2i8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(6) Atelothrus longulus, sp. nov.

Sat elongatus, nitidus, niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace basin
versus minus fortiter angustato; elytris sat profunde striatis, apicibus parum sinuatis,
sat prolongatis. Long. j\ mm.

Closely allied to A. politus, but rather smaller, with the elytra only obsoletely sinuate
at the tip, and the abdomen not variegate in colour. Almost equally close to A. depressus
and A, gracilis^ but with the elytra more prolonged at the tips, and the fourth joint of
the hind tarsus not bilobed, but formed as in A. politus. Three specimens.

Hab. Maui (Perkins). The same doubt exists as to the locality of this species
as does to that of L. gracilis ; but the habitat is probably " West Maui mountains,
4000 ft, IV. 1894," one of the specimens bearing that label.

(7) Atelothrus stenopus, sp. nov.

Nigerrimus, politus, pedibus fuscis, antennis palpisque rufo-obscuris ; prothorace sat
elongato, basin versus sat angustato ; elytris sat profunde striatis, apice modice sinuato ;
tarsis posterioribus gracilibus, articulo quarto baud lobato. Long. 8 mm.

This is not likely to be confovmded with any species except A, filipes, but A. stenopus
is a little larger and has a decidedly longer prothorax. Only two specimens, both males,
have been found.

In 1900 Mr Perkins found on Haleakala, 3000 ft., a third specimen that agrees
with the two types so well that I cannot treat it as distinct, although it has no seta on
the thorax and is therefore to all intents and purposes a Metromenus. There is no
species of Metromenus to which this specimen can be assigned, and therefore I at present
treat it as an aberration or sport of A. stenopus.

Hab. Maui, Perkins. Haleakala, 5000 ft., April 1894, May 1895.

(8) Atelothrus filipes, sp. nov.

Nigerrimus, politus, pedibus fuscis, antennis rufo-obscuris, basi palpisque dilutiori-
bus ; prothorace minus elongato, basin versus minus angustato ; elytris sat profunde
striatis, apice parum sinuato ; tarsis posterioribus gracilibus, articulo 4to baud lobato.
Long. 6^ — 7 mm.

The thorax is comparatively little narrowed behind ; it is slightly sinuate at the
sides behind, the hind angles a little obtuse and rounded, the side-margin fine, but little
elevated. The colour of the elytra is very black with a very slight green reflection.
Compared with the dark-legged variety of A, depressus, the species is readily distin-
guished by the shape of the thorax, which is less elongate and less narrowed behind, and
by the rather more slender hind legs. Twenty-two specimens.

Hab. Lanai (Perkins). Halepaakai, July 1894; Mts. Koele, Jan. and Feb, 1894.

COLEOPTERA

219

(9) Atelothrus hawaiiensis, sp. nov.

Nigricans, corpore subtus, antennis, thoraceque rufis, illarum basi, palpis pedibusque
flavis ; thorace basin versus angustato, baud sinuato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ;
elytris margine laterali flavo, profunda striatis, ad apicem sat profunde sinuatis. Long.
Corp. 6|^ mm.

We have only one specimen — a male — of this obscure insect, and some doubt exists
as to its belonging to the genus Atelothrus, as there is a fovea for a thoracic seta at the
left angle only of the thorax ; if this is not really a fovea, but due to a small piece being
chipped out of the thoracic margin by some accident, the specimen will be referable to
the genus Metromenus, As the supposed fovea exists in exactly the normal situation,
it is probable the individual is really correctly placed in Atelothrus and I describe it,
notwithstanding the doubt that exists about it, because it indicates an extension of the
genus to the island of Hawaii.

The species is not at all closely allied to any other Atelothrus, but is extremely
similar to Mesothriscus hawaiiensis, from which it differs however by its shorter thorax,
which also is rather broader at the base. It has but little resemblance to A. filipesy the
hind tarsi being considerably thicker, though the fourth joint is not in the least lobed.

Hab. Hawaii (Perkins). Kilauea, August 1896. No. 656.

(10) Atelothrus gracilis, sp. nov.

Nitidus, niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace parum elongato, basin
versus satis angustato ; elytris anguste ovatis, ad apicem parum sinuatis, apicibus parum
prolongatis, sat profunde striatis. Long, corp. 7 mm., antennae vix 4 mm.

Closely allied to A, depressus, but with smaller thorax less narrowed behind, and
rather narrower elytra, which are scarcely more sinuate, but are rather more prolonged
at the tip. The hind tarsi are shorter, but their fourth joint is quite as long and as
distinctly bilobed as it is xn A, depressus. The fifth and sixth striae are connected at
a rather greater distance from the tip than they are in A, depressus. The species is
also extremely similar to A, longulus, from which it is readily distinguished by the
distinctly bilobed fourth joint of the hind feet. A. filipes is also very similar, but in it
the fourth joint is not bilobed.

Hab. Maui (Perkins). There is some doubt as to the exact locality of this
species. The specimens (11 in number) are marked with the number 357, the entry
corresponding to which is '' Haleakala, 4000 ft., iv. 94." There has, however, been
a mistake in connection with this number, as several insects bearing it are also labelled
**West Maui mountains.'' This is probably the actual habitat of these specimens of
A, gracilis. In addition to them Mr Perkins has recently found two specimens on
Haleakala (3000 ft.) that are a little larger, but are apparently the same species.

No. 1232, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

220 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(u) Atelothrus dyscoleus, sp. nov.

Nitidus, niger, parum convexus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis; prothorace
basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, rotundatis ; elytris minus profunde
striatis. Long. 7 — 8 mm.

Very black, shining. Head broad and short. Thorax only very slightly broader
than long, a good deal narrowed behind, and usually with a very slight sinuation just
before the hind angles. Elytra a good deal sinuate at the sides near the tip, but not
appearing truncate, the striae fine, never very deep. Legs moderately long and stout,
fourth joint of hind tarsus slightly bilobed.

This differs from A. gracilis by the colour of the legs and the less deeply striate
elytra : the colour of the under-surface is black, the epipleuron not being at all yellow.

The small series varies a good deal. One specimen — the largest — has the antennae
dark. In most of the specimens the third and the fourth, and the fifth and the sixth
striae are separately paired, that is, united at the extremity ; but in three others this is
not the case, the third and the sixth striae meet together, enclosing the tips of the fourth
and fifth. These examples have shorter legs than the previously mentioned specimens,
and may possibly prove to be different. The four specimens from West Maui are very
small, more deeply striate, and less elongate and shining. There is some doubt as to
the locality, as explained in the remarks on A, gracilis-, the clue being 357 as in
that species.

Hab. Maui, 3000 ft, in 1900 (Perkins, No. 845). W. Maui? (Perkins, No. 357).

(12) Atelothrtcs insociabilis, Blk.
Anchomenus insociabilis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv, 1878, p. 121.

The type is like a very elongate A. dyscoleus: the head is not so broad, the thorax
is straighter at the sides, and the elytra longer and rather more convex. It is unique.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 ft. (Blackburn).

(13) Atelothrus depressus, sp. nov.

Subdepressus, nitidus, niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace basin
versus fortiter angustato ; elytris ad basin angustis, posterius latioribus, ad apicem per-
parum sinuatis, sat profunde striatis* Long. corp. 7^ mm., antennae 4^ mm.

Var, fuscipes, var. nov. ; antennis pedibusque fuscis, elytris vix profundius striatis.

Thorax small, much narrowed behind, not sinuate at the sides, the base straight,
hind angles rather indistinct. Elytra narrow at the base, much disconnected from the
thorax, the apical sinuation just perceptible. Legs slender ; fourth joint of hind tarsus
slightly bilobed. Twenty-two specimens.

COLEOPTERA 221

This species has a good deal the shape of the European PlatynL The margins
of the thorax and elytra are dilute in colour to a variable extent. The van fuscipes is
represented by only four specimens : three of them have the elytra more deeply striate,
especially at the tip, but the fourth agrees in this respect with the pale-legged form.

Hab. Lanai (Perkins); Lanaihale, Halepaakai Mts. Koele. V2X. fuscipes, Lanai,
2000 ft, January 1894.

No. 1 231, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(14) Atelotkrus platynoides, sp. no v.

Subdepressus, nigro-piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque fusco-testaceis ; thorace
subplanato, basin versus fortiter angustato ; elytris posterius latioribus, profunde
striatis, ad apicem fortiter sinuatis, apicibus parum productis, fere singulatim rotundatis.
Long. 6f — 7^ mm.

Van JiavipeSy van nov. Pedibus flavis.

This is extremely similar to A, depresses var. fuscipes, but is slightly broader, has
the elytra a little more sinuate behind, and the fourth joint of the hind tarsus quite
distinctly bilobed.

I originally described this species from a single specimen, and quite recently have
received three others from Mr Perkins that confirm its distinctness. The tarsal structure
approaches that of ^. dyscoletts and of Metromenus palmae. There is no difference in
form in the tarsi of the two sexes. Of the van flavipes only a single specimen has been
found. I see no distinction in it except the colour of the legs, and in this group of
Atelotkrus this character does not appear to me to indicate specific distinctness. This
variety is very near A. gracilis, though the form in platynoides is considerably narrower,
and the tarsi are distinctly more slender.

Hab. Molokai, Perkins. Molokai mts. 4000 ft, May 27th, 1893; No. 191.
Molokai, 1902, Perkins.

(15) Atelotkrus transiens, sp. nov,

Piceo testaceoque variegatus, antennis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace inaequali, basin
versus angustato ; elytris sat nitidis, piceis, flavo-marginatis, interstitiis elevatis, angulatis,
alternis saepius altioribus. Long. 6 — 7 mm.

In this extraordinary species the setae on the thorax are very rarely present, though
their pits are alw^ays evident on the inner face of the side-margin quite near to, if not on,
the summit It differs from all the other species of the genus in its sculpture, and in
this respect resembles the aberrant forms of Mesotkriscus and Metromenus irom the
same island — Kauai. The head is black. Thorax a good deal narrowed behind,
yellowish, more or less infuscate, with the margins pale, the surface always more or less
crumpled, sometimes strongly so. The elytra are rendered somewhat dull by an

22 2 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

extremely minute sculpture ; there are no true striae, but angular ridges separated by
broad grooves ; in some species the alternate ridges are more elevated, but in others
there is little difference in this respect : the lateral margin is always yellow. The under-
surface is piceous variegate with yellow.

We have received about fifty specimens of this species ; in all of them the thoracic
setae are absent, except that in one specimen the seta exists on one side, and is of
normal size\ A variety occurs in which the colour is more extensively yellow, and
then there is an extreme resemblance to Metromenus limbatuSy but in that species the
sides of the elytra are always more broadly yellow than they are in these extreme
varieties of A, transiens,

Hab. Kauai (Perkins). Makaweli, 2500 ft., in February 1896, and again in
February 1897. Nos. 668 and 703.

Mesothriscus, gen. nov.
Corpus apterum. Prothorax utrinque seta unica ad medium lateris sita munitus.

(i) Mesothriscus vagans, sp. nov.

Piceo-niger, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, antennis extrorsum
obscurioribus ; prothorace subtransverso, basin versus fortiter angustato, angulis pos-
terioribus obtusis ; elytris sat profunde striatis, interstitiis haud deplanatis, margine
laterali rufa. Long. 7 — 9 mm.

The species varies a good deal in colour, the thorax being sometimes blackish and
a little paler at the sides, while in other cases it is red, and intermediate conditions
occur. The thorax is much rounded at the sides in front, and a good deal narrowed
behind ; the base is not straight, but a little directed forwards on each side ; the hind
angles are both obtuse and indefinite. The legs are usually dirty yellow. Eighty or
ninety specimens. The thorax varies a good deal in form.

Hab. Molokai Mountains, 4000 — 4500 ft., on several occasions in June and
August 1893 (Perkins). — ? Maui (Perkins).

I have some little doubt as to the correctness of the labelling of the single individual
on which the Maui record is based. It is numbered 384, which refers to Haleakala
III. 1894. I incline to think it is a specimen from Molokai that has been misplaced
during the preparation.

* In a letter recently received from Mr Perkins he suggests that the absence of the setae in A, transiens
may be to a considerable extent a post mortem occurrence. It is quite probable that this may be the case.
In other words A, transiens may be a species liable to lose its thoracic setae from slight mechanical causes
more easily than most other species do. If shewn to be the case, this would in itself be of considerable
interest.

COLEOPTERA 223

(2) Mesothriscus muscicola, Blackburn.
Anchomenus muscicola Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 147, and xxr. p. 25.
Niger, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, an tennis extrorsum obscuriori-

bus ; thorace haud transverse, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris
sat profunde striatis, interstitiis planis, margine laterali rufo. Long. corp. 7 9 mm.

This is very closely allied to M, vagans, but has the thorax a little differently
shaped, and the base of the elytra more deeply bayed, or scooped out, on each side for
the reception of the base of the thorax. The thorax is much sinuate behind, its hind
angles nearly or quite rectangular, and well defined. The elytra are broad, deeply and
very regularly striate, with the interstices quite flat More than 60 examples.

This species, like M. vagans, varies a good deal, but as no specimens of the two
species agree, I treat them as distinct. The thorax is always somewhat longer in
proportion to the width than it is in M. vagans, and the hind angles are more sharply
defined. Small examples have the thorax narrower at the base, and the hind angles
not so acute, they therefore come nearer to M. vagans. The specimens that approach
nearest to the Molokai Insect are two found on the Waianae mountains, 2000 ft., in
February 189O, and one found on the mountains near Honolulu in August 1896.

Hab. Oahu. Apparently common ; Honolulu mts., August 1896 ; Waianae mts.,
2000 ft., February 1896; Kawaaloa, April 1893 ; Kaala mts., December 1892 (Perkins).

Nos. 1236, 1237, 1241, 1244, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(3) Mesothriscus prognathus, sp. nov.

Piceus, antennis fuscescentibus, earum basi pedibusque flavis ; capite gracili, elon-
gato ; prothorace vix transverso, cordato, angulis posterioribus perfecte, rectis ; elytris
sat profunde striatis. Long. %\ mm.

I have seen only one specimen of this insect, and it is so close to certain extreme
forms of M, muscicola that I cannot feel sure that it will prove distinct ; it is, however,
rather more elongate in form, with a distinctly longer head and slightly longer mandibles
and the elytra rather less deeply striate, and I think should be distinguished till connected
certainly with M, muscicola.

The unique example, for which I am indebted to Mr Koebele, is a female.

Hab. Oahu (Kobele).

(4) Mesothriscus lanaiensis, sp. nov.

Piceus, antennis palpis pedibusque rufis ; prothorace transverso basin versus fortiter
angustato et sinuato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris ovatis, sat profunde striatis.
Long. 7 mm.

F. H. III. 29

2 24 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Of this form only two specimens have been received ; they do not agree with any
example of M, vagans, but are so near thereto that a series may possibly show that it is
not distinct. M, lanaiensis is of the size of the smallest examples of M. vagans, but is
paler in colour, the thorax is altogether a little smaller, and the elytra rather narrower at
the base so as to be somewhat differently shaped. The specimens are both male.

Hab, Lanai (Perkins), 2000 ft., January and February 1894.

(5) Mesothriscus tricolor, sp. nov.

Ferrugineus, capite elytrisque nigricantibus, his margine laterali (saepiusque sutura)
ferrugineo ; prothorace transverso, basi recta, angulis posterioribus levissime obtusis ;
elytris minus profunde striatis. Long. 7 mm.

This is closely allied to M. vagans, but besides the differences in colour, which are
by no means invariable, it differs decidedly in the shape of the thorax and some other
details. The basal part of the thorax is flatter, the sides behind being less upturned
and less sinuate, with the posterior angles more sharply defined. The elytra are slightly
broader and less rounded at the shoulders, their striation usually slightly finer and more
regular. The female has only two abdominal setae on each side of the extremity of the
last abdominal segment.

There is considerable variation in the small series of eighteen examples of this
species ; the red colour of the thorax being in some cases much infuscate. I also refer
as varieties to this species the following two forms.

Var. concolor, van nov. Paulo minor, totus ferrugineus, thoracis ad basin paulo
angustiore. Molokai, five examples, W. Maui mountains, two examples.

Var. rudis, var. nov. Major, praesertim latior, corpore nigro, thoracis ad angulos
posteriores lateribus magis elevatis. This variety approaches M, muscicola, but the
thorax is considerably more transverse. Molokai, two specimens.

Hab. Molokai. — Maui (as a variety). Molokai, 4000 — 4500 ft, on several occa-
sions in 1893 (Perkins). W, Maui, 4000 ft., April 1894. Var. concolor (Perkins).

No. 1239 of Prof. Thaxter, Laboulbeniaceae.

I am by no means sure that the var, concolor may not consist of one or two distinct
species. The two specimens from W. Maui are very small and have a narrower thorax.

All the females of typical M, tricolor have, except one, only two setae on each side
of the last ventral. The only female of the Molokai M, tricolor concolor has three on
each side. The two W. Maui M. tricolor concolor (minor) are both males.

(6) Mesothriscus hawaiiensis, sp. nov.

Angustior, piceus, antennis rufis, basi palpis pedibusque flavescentibus ; thoracis
angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, ad apicem fortius sinuatis, margine
laterali ferrugineo. Long. corp. 6| mm.

Var. Prothorace ferrugineo.

COLEOPTERA 225

Antennae short. Thorax much narrowed behind, the hind angles very distinctly
obtuse, the side margin not strongly upturned. Female, with two abdominal setae on
each side.

The small series of thirteen examples indicates that this is probably distinct from
M. vagans. The thorax is less contracted and sinuate behind, and the sides there less
upturned, so that the surface appears to be flatter.

The variety with red thorax has a great resemblance to Atelothrus haivaiiensis.

Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea, July 1896 (Perkins).

No. T238, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(7) Mesothriscus truncatus, sp. no v.

Robustus, subdepressus, niger, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis ; thorace
transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus rotundato-obtusis ; elytris regu-
lariter striatis, apicibus sinuatim subtruncatis. Long. corp. 8 mm.

This is not closely allied to any other species ; by the form it resembles more
Atelothrus depi^essus and allies and Metromenus paviduSy rather than any other
Mesothriscus, The thorax is much narrowed behind ; the angles are very indistinct.
The elytra are broad, the angle formed by the junction of the lateral and basal
margins is very indistinct ; the striation is rather deep, very regular, and the broad
interstices are quite flat : the apex is more depressed and truncate than usual. The
fourth joint of the hind tarsus is not at all lobed. The female has three setae on each
side of the last ventral segment. Three specimens.

The resemblance to Metromenus pavidus, in company with which this insect was
found, is so great that I shall not be surprised if it prove to be a sport thereof

Hab. Kauai (Perkins). Waimea, 4000 ft.

(8) Mesothriscus collaris, sp. nov.

Major, elongatus, piceo-ferrugineus, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis,
elytrorum limbo late ferrugineo ; prothorace elongato, angusto, angulis posterioribus
leniter obtusis ; elytris elongatis, profunde striatis, ad apicem perparum sinuatis. Long,
corp. 10 mm.

This resembles Atelothrus longicollis and A, Ihnbatus : it has the thorax longer
than the second of this species ; while from A. longicollis it differs by the colour of the
elytra and the less sharp posterior angles of the thorax. It is even more similar to
certain specimens of Metromenus ductus, but it has the thorax less constricted and
narrow behind. Until more specimens are found it cannot be considered certain that
these two are distinct. It is, however, very unlikely that a Mesothriscus can be a sport

29 — 2

2 26 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

from a species of Metromenus, though the reverse case (in which the setae disappear)
possibly happens as a rare phenomenon.

Only one specimen has been found : it is a female, and has three setae on each side
of the last ventral segment. Prof Thaxter took specimens of Laboulbeniaceae from it
with the number 1240 (?46).

Hab. Molokai (Perkins). Molokai mountains, 4000 ft., 15th June 1893.

(9) MesothriscMS microps, sp. nov.

Ferrugineus, nitidus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace lateri-
bus posterius fere rectis, vix perspicue sinuato-angustatis, angulis exacte rectis ; elytris
humeris anterius promiimlis, sat profunde striatis, ad apicem profunde sinuatis. Long,
corp. 7 mm.

This insect to some extent connects M, tricolor with the abnormal M. abax. The
thorax is a little narrowed in front, the base is quite straight ; the angle formed by the
junction of the sides and base of the elytra is very marked, and projects somewhat
forwards. A single male example. The exact locality is somewhat doubtful, the
specimen being one of those numbered 357, the entry for which is Haleakala, but, as
stated under Atelothrus gracilis, the true locality is probably West Maui mountains.

Hab. Maui (Perkins).

(10) Mesothnscus abax, sp. nov.

Piceus, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque rufis ; prothorace haud transverso,
lateribus posterius fere rectis, nullo modo angustatis, angulis exacte rectis ; elytris
humeris anterius prominulis, profunde striatis, ad apicem minus profunde sinuatis.
Long. Corp. (>\ — ^7 mm.

Plate VH. fig. 2.

The form of the thorax distinguishes this from all the other species except M. microps,
in which, however, the thorax is less elongate. The colour varies from piceous to ferru-
gineous, the epipleura being pallid as in the other Mesothriscus of the central islands of
the Archipelago.

Hab, Molokai. — Maui. Molokai, 4500 ft, June and August 1893. Maui,
Haleakala, 5000 ft.

(11) Mesothriscus kauaiensis, sp. nov.

Fusco-testaceus, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque dilutioribus ; prothorace haud
transverso, basin versus fortlter angustato, angulis perobtusis ; elytris profunde striatis,
interstitiis convexiusculis, septimo vix magis elevato. Long. corp. 7 mm.

COLEOPTERA 227

Readily distinguished from all the preceding species by the more convex interstices
of the elytra, and from the following species by the interstices appearing broad instead of
being angulate and therefore narrow at the summit. The seventh interstice is slightly
more elevated than the others, and there is also an extremely slight, increased elevation
of the fifth. The base of the thorax is not straight, and the hind angles are extremely
indistinct. The female has three setae on each side of the last ventral segment.

The species is of considerable interest, as to a certain extent it connects the very
peculiar Kauai species of Mesothriscus with those found on the central islands of the
group. The species to which it comes nearest is M. lanaiensis. It is apparently of the
greatest rarity.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins).

(12) Mesothriscus optimus, sp. no v.

Fusco-testaceus, antennis palpis pedibus elytrorumque margine laterali flavis ;
prothorace baud transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis obtusis ; elytris quasi
sulcatis, interstitiis fortiter sed inaequaliter elevatis, ad apicem baud truncatis, parum
sinuatis. Long. corp. 7^ mm.

This species — like so many other of the Kauai Carabidae — has the sculpture of the
elytra strangely abnormal ; the interstices are strongly elevated and angular at the top
so that the spaces between them form grooves, the true striae having disappeared : the
small impressions on the third interstice cause an interruption of the costa, breaking it
up more or less distinctly into elongate bullae, reminding one of the sculpture in the
genus Carabus.

M, optimus is distinguished from M. alternans by the larger size, more elongate
form and longer elytra, by the thorax narrowed behind, but not at all sinuate at the
sides, and by the obtuse and rounded hind angles of the thorax. Only two specimens
have been found.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins).

(13) Mesothriscus opacus, sp. nov.

Piceo-testaceus, opacus, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum limbo testaceo ;
prothoracis angulis posterioribus obtusis; elytris ad apicem profunde sinuatis interstitiis
alternis elevatis, crenulatis. Long. 7 mm.

Distinguished by the peculiar sculpture of the elytra, these parts being dull, and
the more elevated part of each interstice wavy. It is larger than M, alternants, and
has the thorax different in form, being comparatively broader, more strongly narrowed
behind, with the hind angles more obtuse, and the sides more broadly explanate. Only
two specimens have been found. The female has only two setae on each side of the
apex of the abdomen.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins).

2 28 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(14) Mesotkriscus alternans, sp. no v.

Minor, nigro-piceus, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis ; minus depressus,
prothorace angusto, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris parum elongatis, sulcatis, inter-
stitiis alternis magis elevatis, apicibus fortiter sinuatis. Long. corp. 5 — 6 mm.-

This is one of the species with the peculiar sculpture of the elytra that occurs in
so many of the Kauai Carabidae of different genera ; the true striae having disappeared,
while in their place are grooves with the interstices more or less angularly elevated, the
alternate interstices being more elevated than the others. The thorax is not transverse,
and is always long and narrow, though it varies somewhat in form. The apices of the
elytra are unusually strongly sinuate. The legs are rather short. The setae on the
last ventral of the female are two in number on each side in most, if not all, of the
specimens examined.

A large series.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins). Koholuamano, 4000 ft., in April, mts. Waimea, 4000 ft.
in May.

Nos. 1220, 1242, 1243, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

Platynus Bonelli.

This genus, as at present understood, comprises numerous species and has a very
wide distribution. It is, however, a very composite one, and will no doubt be divided.
The two species I place in it agree fairly well with the apterous forms of Platynus
found in California. They are distinguished from the other Hawaiian Anchomenides
by possessing two setae on each side of the thorax as is normal in Anchomenides. It
is very remarkable that there are in the islands these two normal forms, while all the
others are unusual in possessing a diminished number of thoracic setae, the majority of
species in the islands being highly peculiar on account of the total absence of these
setae. Both species are extremely rare.

(i) Platynus ambiens, sp. nov.

Depressus, fuscus, subtus nigricans, elytrorum epipleuris fusco-testaceis ; prothorace
elytris multo angustiore, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus leniter obtusis ;
elytris profunde striatis, apicibus oblique subtruncatis, parum sinuatis. Long,
corp. 7 mm.

We have received only one specimen of this species ; though at first sight very
similar to Atelothrus platynoides, it is very distinct therefrom. The lateral margin of
the thorax is very fine, and the sides behind are very slightly sinuate, the angles being
sharply marked, though distinctly obtuse. The elytra are broader behind, with the

COLEOPTERA 229

apices scarcely at all prolonged behind the sinuation ; the junction of the lateral and
basal margins forms a definite, though very obtuse angle ; they are deeply striate, and
the interstices are a little convex. The legs are slender, the fourth joint of the hind
tarsus scarcely at all bilobed. One male.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins). Without indication of locality or date.

(2) Platynus calathiformis, sp. no v.

Angustus, parum nitidus, piceus, elytrorum margine rufo, antennis palpis pedibusque
testaceis ; thorace basin versus vix angustato, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris sub-
tiliter striatis, striis ad basin obsolescentibus. Long. 7^ mm.

This species resembles only Atelothrus erro, from which it is readily distinguished
by the thorax being slightly broader at the base than it is at the front angles. The
base is quite straight and the hind angles are very sharply marked. The seventh stria
can scarcely be detected near the base. The fourth joint of the hind tarsus is not lobed.
The female has three setae on each side of the last ventral segment. Five specimens.

Hab. Maui (Perkins). Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 ft, March and April 1894.

Mecostomus, gen. nov.

Mandibulae elongatae, acuminatae, parum curvatae. Palpi elongati, labiales per-
tenues. Thorax elongatus, utrinque seta erecta ante medium lateris sita.

This genus can only be placed next to Mesotkriscus \ although there are no
connecting links between the two, I think it is undoubtedly allied to the genus in
question more nearly than it is to Mecomenus, which is the only genus having a similar
mouth-structure. Mecomenus appears indeed to be allied to Metromenus rather than
to Mecostomus, The elongation of the trophi is analogous to that of the European
genus Stontis, but there is no other affinity between the two, and the trophi are far
from similar in their details. There is a single well-marked seta on the middle of each
side of the thorax. The female has two abdominal setae on each side of the last
ventral plate.

(i) Mecostomus per kinsi, sp. nov.

Angustus, subparallelus, piceus, nitidus, palpis antennis pedibusque tiavis ; pro-
thorace elongato, lateribus posterius sinuatis, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris sat
profunde striatis, ad apicem fere esinuatis. Long, corp, 7 mm.

Plate VL fig. II.

This is readily identified by the elongate mandibles. In general form and appearance
it has some resemblance to the narrowest examples of Mesothriscus abax, but it is very
different on account of the thorax being narrowed behind and of the elytra being much

230 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

narrower. The thorax is as long as broad. The shoulders of the elytra form a well-
marked denticle or angle outside the hind angle of the thorax. The legs are short.
The front tarsi of the male very little dilated.

I have great pleasure in naming this interesting insect in honour of Mr R. C. L.
Perkins, who has been so remarkably successful in his entomological work in the
Hawaiian islands. It is very curious to find what appears to be an entirely precinctive
insect possessing a strongly marked specialisation that to some extent has an analogue
in two or three other of the Island forms {Mecomenus, Gnatholymnaecum, Nesolymnaecum)
that are only distantly, or not at all, related to it. I have, however, found that
Mesothriscus prognathtis apparently forms a lead to it. The insect appears to be
of great rarity.

Hab. Maui (Perkins). Haleakala.

Mecomenus, gen. nov.

Partes oris graciles, mandibulae elongatae, tenues, parum curvatae. Prothorax
transversus sine setis erectis.

The genus is established for M. koebelei and Anchomenus putealis Blk., two of
the rarest of the Hawaiian Carabidae. It is allied by the elongate slender trophi to
Mecosto7nus, but in other respects is similar to Metromenus, The sculpture of the tarsi
is that of such species as Metromenus epictirus. The section of Metromenus to which it
is nearest is placed at the end of the genus, consisting of M, latifrons and calathoides.
Mecomenus has the broad base of the elytra in common with the section named of
Metromemis.

The genus like Mecostomus is confined to the island of Maui.

(i) Mecomenus koebelei, sp. nov.

Latus, nigro-piceus, nitidus, antennis pedibusque testaceis; prothorace transverso,
lateribus subrectis, angulis posterioribus perfecte rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis.
Long. 7 — 8 mm.

This very distinct species has a broad head, which is definitely constricted almost
immediately behind the eyes. The shoulders of the elytra are quite free. The thorax
is very shining ; the base is just perceptibly broader than the front, the posterior angles
are remarkably definite, and the sides near them much directed upwards. The elytra
are unusually broad, deeply striate, with the interstices quite flat ; the lateral groove is
yellow, and the tips are sometimes pale.

In addition to the six examples of this species from Lahaina, there is an individual
without any locality label that I treat as a variety of M, koebelei. It is narrower, and

COLEOPTERA 231

the shoulders of the elytra less prominent Except for the longer trophi, this individual
appears scarcely to differ from some of the specimens of Metromenus latifrons.

Hab. Maui. Lahaina (Koebele).

(2) Mecomenus putealis, Blackburn.

Anchomenus putealis, Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag, xvii. 1881, p, 227.

The species will be readily recognised by the long mandibles and by the fact
that the lateral margin of the thorax is fine and less elevated than usual. The lateral
margin of the thorax is not so much incurved at the junction with the basal margin as
it is in the normal Metromeni ; on the other hand, it is more incurved than it is in the
aberrant species of the latifrons group of Metromenus, The elytra are yellow at the
tips but not at the sides. The antennae and legs are rather short, and the eyes are
reduced below the normal size.

Hab. Maui. *'In damp rotting leaves on the margins of a stagnant pool, at an
elevation of about 4000 ft. on Haleakala,'' April or May 1880 (Blackburn), Haleakala,
in forest, 4000 — 5500 ft., March 1894, one specimen (Perkins, No. 384).

Metromenus Sharp.

Metromenus Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. 1884, p. 217.

The characters of this genus — among the Hawaiian Anchomenides — are tarsi
distinctly depressed longitudinally along each side, wings vestigial, thorax without
any seta.

Most of the numerous species are confined to the island of Oahu, and several of
them are still very inadequately known. Their discrimination is a very difficult matter,
several of the species being extremely close to one another and so variable that know-
ledge of a good series is necessary to enable anyone to form an opinion as to their
validity. There are a few very distinct forms among them, such as M.palmae Blackb. and
M. perpolitus. I have explained previously that in other genera, where thoracic setae
exist, the seta may, as an anomaly, be present on one side and absent on the other, and,
as an extremely exceptional case, may be absent from both sides : so that the individual
then becomes systematically a Metromenus, I believe this phenomenon really occurs
(and Mr Perkins shares this opinion), but that it is extremely rare. Under Atelothrus
stenopus I have remarked on such a case. Still the evidence on this point is far
from being completely satisfactory. However interesting this question may be from
a biological point of view, it does not much affect the question of the systematic import-
ance of the seta. There are only one or two cases in which a species I have considered

F. H. III. 30

232 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

a Metromenus could belong to any known species of a genus possessing setae even if
the difference as to setae were left out of consideration.

With regard to the tarsal structure, I should explain that I have not made use
of it for dividing the genera because of the intermediate forms that exist. In the
preceding division of the Anchomenides I found that the species with lobed tarsi readily
separated from the others ; but here the reverse is the case. The character is, however,
of the greatest value for discriminating species, as there seems to be extremely little
variation in it

Division i. Lateral margin of elytra greatly curvate, rounded at the shoulders.
Species i — 24.

( I ) Metromenus palmae, Blackburn .

Dyscolus palmae Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 147.

This species cannot be confounded with any other. It has a broad, lobed fourth
joint on the hind tarsus, and is dark in colour. M, mutabilis has a large fourth tarsal
joint, but is red in colour and different in shape. Several species of Atelothrus approach
M. palmae in shape and in the tarsal structure.

Hab. Oahu. Not uncommon on the leaves of Freycinetia ; usually at an elevation
of about 1500 ft. (Blackburn). In several localities about Honolulu (Perkins).

(2) Metromenus mutabilis , Blackburn.

Dyscolus mutabilis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 148.

Plate vi. fig. 17, a, b hind foot, above and below.

This species is of rather depressed form, has the elytra moderately deeply striate,
and the fourth joint of the hind feet deeply divided so as to form distinct, slender, free
lobes. The colour is peculiar and quite characteristic. It is a rather bright yellow,
with the head somewhat infuscate and the elytra marked with black at the sides
behind.

I have upwards of a hundred examples before me and all are recognisable at a glance
except in the case of six examples. Two are of an entirely yellow colour without the
black marks. Four, on the contrary, have the black colour very much extended, so as
to have the head quite black, the middle of the thorax infuscate, the elytra blackish with
the outer margin remaining yellow, and the suture and base yellowish. Though these
aberrant examples greatly resemble varieties of M. caliginosus and M, aequalis, yet the
structure of the tarsi is quite unmistakeable, and there is no doubt as to the distinctness

COLEOPTERA

233

of this species. It is in fact, notwithstanding its name, much less variable than its
immediate allies. The tarsal structure differentiates it from all the other Metromenus
except M, palmae.

Hab. Oahu, Rather plentiful on the leaves of 'a species of the lily tribe (locally
known as ''silver sword"); also in stems of fern; at an elevation of 2000ft. and
upwards (Blackburn). Honolulu, in various spots and in several months, apparently
always between 2000 and 3000 ft. (Perkins).

No. 1259, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(3) Metromenus caliginosus, Blackburn.

Dyscolus caliginosus Blackburn L c.

This species differs from M, mutabilis by the narrower form, rather more deeply
striate elytra, and by the less deeply divided fourth joint of the hind feet. It is extremely
variable in colour, some examples being concolorous testaceous or yellowish, while in
others the head, the disc of the thorax and the elytra are blackish. The dark colour of
the elytra is not formed (as it is in the dark varieties of M. mutabilis) by an extension
of dark colour from behind forwards, but by a general suffusion of the surface. I have
examined about sixty specimens.

Hab. Oahu. Found occasionally in the stems of ferns and other plants at an
elevation of about 2000 ft. (Blackburn). Honolulu, in various places in the mountains
(Perkins).

No. 1 26 1, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(4) Metromenus aequalis^ sp. nov.

Flavescens, plus minusve nigro-infuscatus, antennis pedibusque laete flavis ; elytris
subtiliter striatis ; tarsorum posticorum articulo quarto emarginato hand bilobato.
Long. 7 mm.

Plate VI. fig. 14, hind foot above and below.

Very closely allied to M, caliginosus, but can be distinguished by the tarsal structure
as well as by the less deeply striate elytra, the broader form, and the rather broader base
of the thorax. It is always broader. Although the species varies in colour in the same
manner as M, caliginosus does, yet I do not entertain any doubt as to the distinctness of
the two forms, though at first I did so.

The head is black or blackish. The thorax is reddish-yellow, with the disc more
or less broadly and deeply infuscate. The elytra are obscure yellow, more or less deeply
tinged with black ; in some examples quite black, with the suture and epipleural margin
reddish. The thorax is i^ mm. broad and scarcely shorter than this; it is distinctly

30—2

234 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

narrowed behind but scarcely at all sinuate, the lateral and basal margins are quite fine,
the latter very broadly interrupted in the middle, the hind angles are moderately definite
and slightly obtuse. The fourth joint of the hind tarsus is quite as large as it is in
M, caliginosus, but the fifth joint is not inserted so near the base of the fourth, hence
the tarsi are a little less lobed,

Hab. Oahu. Halemano, 2000 ft, December 1892.

A variety occurs in which the colour is entirely yellow, with a slight infuscation of
the head ; this superficially resembles M, mutabilis, but that species has the tarsus much
more bilobate. This variety was found in the Waianae mountains, 2000 ft., February
and April 1896. Six specimens.

No. 1260, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(5) Metromenus angustifronSy sp. nov.

Piceus, sat nitidus, elytris nigris, margine externo suturaque rufis, antennis pedi-
busque testaceis ; capite angusto ; prothorace leviter transverso, basin versus sat
angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, baud rotundatis ; elytris profunde striatis.
Long. 6 mm.

This may be compared with M, caliginosus^ but it cannot be confounded therewith
on account of the narrower and longer form of the head and the fact that the eyes are
not prominent and exhibit only a very slight convexity. The hind angles of the thorax
are less rounded than they are in M, caliginosus, and the striation of the elytra is
deeper : the yellow margin along the external groove of the elytra is very conspicuous.
It is equally near to M. protervus^ and in some respects is intermediate between it and
M, caliginosus, but it has less convex eyes, a smaller thorax, and less elongate, less
deeply striated elytra. Only one specimen has been found.

Hab. Oahu. Honolulu, 2000 — 3000 ft. (Perkins).

(6) Metromenus meticulosus, Blackburn.

Anchomenus meticulosus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, P- H^-
I know so little of this species that I scarcely like to remark on it. According to
two specimens sent me by Mr Blackburn it is a small species of depressed black, with
the margins of the thorax and elytra and the suture red, antennae and legs bright
yellow ; the tips of the elytra very little sinuate, and the striae not deep. Mr Perkins
has not met with the species ; a specimen he found in the Waianae mountains (2000 —
3000 ft., April 1892) comes near M. meticulosus, but I think is clearly not the same
species. Another specimen from Halemano is entirely yellow in colour, but may be a
variety of M, meticulosus.

Hab. Oahu. Under the bark of trees on the mountains ; not common (Blackburn).

COLEOPTERA 235

(7) Metromenus scrupulosus, Blackburn.

Anchomenus scrupulosus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, P- HS-
This species has a very broad yellow tip to the elytra, and the lateral margins
broadly yellow. Mr Perkins found at Pauoa a single specimen that may belong to it,
but it has the thorax longer than the original type, now in the British Museum.

Hab. Oahu. Unique; found under bark at an elevation of 1500 ft. (Blackburn).

(8) Metromenus lenttts, sp. nov.

Piceus, capite thoraceque rufescentibus, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; pro-
thorace parvo, basin versus angustato ; elytris sat profunde striatis. Long. 6 — 7 mm.

One of the smallest of the genus ; with short antennae and legs. The thorax is
narrow, much narrowed behind, the hind angles not rounded but definite and obtuse.
The elytra are blackish, with the inflexed margin yellow, the tips narrowly yellow. The
striation is rather deep but the interstices are not in the least convex. The tarsi are
short with the sculpture on the upper surface very conspicuous, the fourth joint not in
the least lobed.

Very similar to Mesothriscus hawaiiensis, but smaller and with shorter antennae.
I have mentioned that Atelothrus hawaiiensis is also very similar. As the three examples
of Metromenus lentus are the only trace we have of the existence of Metromenus in
Hawaii, it is not impossible that they may be depauperated examples of Atelothrus
hawaiiensis, but I think this highly improbable.

Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea, i^^ miles on the Hilo road, August 1895, one specimen ;
Kilauea in August and September 1896, one specimen on each occasion (Perkins) ;
Hawaii, one specimen (Koebele).

(9) Metromenus epicurus, Blackburn.

Anchomenus epicurus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 145.

This species may be recognised by its large size^ and robust build, and by the rather
dull surface and clear yellow legs. The inflexed margin of the elytra is yellowish, and
on the upper surface this shows but little, the yellow colour there being confined to the
fine groove inwards from the raised margin. There is no yellow colour at the tip. The
surface of the elytra is more dull in the female than it is in the male, except near the tip,
where in each sex the peculiar minute reticulation, on which the dullness depends, is very
visible. These characters apply well to a large series of specimens from Halemano, from
the Kaala mountains and from Kawailoa Gulch (in all about 100 specimens). From other
localities there is but a small series, and though in each case the examples are some of

^ Blackburn, I. c, gives the length as 9 — 9J mm., but I find it to be about %\ mm.

236 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

them more or less aberrant, they connect by means of intermediate examples with the
type or with M, veloXy a form doubtfully distinct from M. epicurus. The most marked
departure from the average are examples in which the tibiae are dark in colour, those of
the hind legs being most conspicuously so; this condition I have labelled V2S, fuscipes.
Should M, velox prove to be not distinct, it is likely to be found connected by a series
of these dark-legged forms.

Hab. Oahu. ** Oahu mountains very local " (Blackburn). Halemano 2000 ft. in
winter : Kaala mountains, 2000 ft., in winter : west head of the south branch of Kawailoa
Gulch, in April : Waianae mountains in April : Honolulu mountains in April 1896, three
aberrant specimens, No. 681 : Honolulu mountains, August 1896, one specimen: Wahiawa,
April 1 90 1, three specimens : Mokuleiia in April 1901 : Waialua in March : on Pipturus,
back of Tantalus, November 1900, four specimens, one very aberrant: Waianae mount-
ains, 2000 — 3000 ft, February 1896, 14 specimens more or less aberrant and approaching
Jtf. w/(7;r( Perkins).

No. 1262, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(10) Metromenus velox, sp. no v.

Niger, nitidus, antennis pedibusque testaceis, tibiis plus minusve infuscatis ; elytris
margine externo angustissime flavo, sat profunde striatis, apicibus post sinuositatem
parum elongatis ; thorace versus margines rufescente. Long. 6^ — 7 mm.

This is very closely allied to M: epicurus, but is smaller, less robust, more shining
black, and has the elytra more truncate behind : the thorax is shorter, and the legs more
slender, and with the tibiae and the middle of the femora infuscate.

Hab. Oahu, Waianae mountains, lee side, February 1896, seventeen specimens,
No. 542.

This will probably prove to be a form of M. epicurus ; it will be noticed that it is
not strictly localised, as M. epicurus also occurs in the Waianae mountains.

(11) Metromenus fraternus, Blackburn.

Anchomenus fraternus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 145.

Of moderate size, rather depressed, moderately deeply striate, with broad yellow tip
to the elytra ; this colour is continued forwards along the sides but fades out before
reaching the shoulder, where only the upturned margin is pale. The species appears not
to be very variable. The specimen found on Pipturus is very large.

Hab. Oahu. Not rare ; under bark of trees at an elevation of about 2000 ft.
(Blackburn). Waianae mountains 2000 — 3000 ft, lee side, February 1896, 32 specimens ;
on Pipturus, back of Tantalus, August 1900, one specimen ; ridge Ceryone, N. of Pauoa
Valley, November 1892, one specimen (Perkins).

COLEOPTERA 237

(12) Metromenus fraudator^ sp. nov.

Nigerrimus, nitidus, an tennis pedibusque (tibiis interdum) infuscatis ; prothorace
subquadrato, basin versus leviter angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis; elytris sat
profunde striatis. Long. 6|^ — 7 mm.

Plate VI. fig. 18, vestigial wing.

This species is more black and shining than most of its congeners. It has no
specially characteristic feature so far as I can detect, and perhaps is nearest to
M, meticulosuSy but it is rather larger, and is of less depressed form with rather longer
antennae and legs, and the thorax is less narrowed to the base, with the hind angles less
rounded. In colour it seems very different. The epipleuron is yellowish, but this colour
does not extend to the upper surface. It is more similar in appearance to Ateloth^us
filipes, but the side of the thorax stands up more at the hind angle, and the obtuseness
of the hind angles is caused more by the narrowing of the sides and less by the curving
forwards of the base, and the tarsi are not quite so slender. Thirty-six specimens.

Hab. Molokai, 4000 ft., in May and June, 1893; Boggy plateau about 4000 ft.,
below the densest forest, June 1896 (Perkins).

Nos. 1253, 1255, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(13) Metromenus mcerens, sp. nov.

Niger, minus convexus, an tennis testaceis articulo tertio infuscato, pedibus fusco-
testaceis ; prothorace baud transverso basin versus parum angustato, angulis posterioribus
baud rotundatis, parum obtusis ; elytris leviter striatis. Long. 8^ — 9 mm.

A rather large Metromenus, with dark legs, and with the third (sometimes also the
fourth) joint of the antennae darkened. The antennae and legs are rather long, the
former about 5 mm. Head broad. Thorax dark in colour with the margins scarcely at
all paler, the breadth just perceptibly greater than the length, the base nearly as broad
as the front margin, the hind angles nearly rectangular, but slightly obtuse. Elytra
rather broad at the base, the angle at the junction of basal and lateral margins less
prominent and acute than usual, the striation not deeply impressed ; the yellow colour
but little developed on the epipleura and not extending to the upper surface. Femora
broadly infuscate about the base, tibiae infuscate. Hind tarsi long and slender, their
fourth joint rather longer than usual but not lobed. Fourteen specimens.

This species is not very close to any other. In general form it has a good deal of
resemblance to Platynus calathiformis. The variation does not seem to be great, but
some specimens are more shining and have the elytra more deeply striate than others.

Hab. Molokai (Perkins). The localities the same as for M, fraudator.

238 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(14) Metromenus pavidus sp. nov.

Robustus, parum convexus, nitidus, niger, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; pro-
thorace transverse, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, subrotundatis ;
elytris apice sinuatim subtruncato profunda striatis, interstitiis levissime convexis.
Long. 7 — 8^ mm., lat. 3 — 3f mm.

Plate VI. fig. 13, hind foot.

This very distinct Metromenus is not closely allied to any other. The short prothorax
(the breadth of which to the length is as about 6 to 5), the sinuate-truncate apices of the
elytra and the shining black colour give it a slight resemblance to some of the shining
species of Disenockus, The tarsi are however distinctly grooved, and there is no real
affinity with Disenochus, The legs, antennae and palpi are bright yellow, the epipleuron
is quite black. The fourth joint of the hind tarsus is small, not bilobed. The female
has three setae on each side of the middle of the last ventral segment, and the elytra are
more prolonged at the apices. A large series of about 240 examples has been obtained.
The series does not exhibit much variation.

Mesothriscus truncatus is so extremely similar to this insect, that I am doubtful
whether it is more than a sport. If this be the case it is almost the only instance among
the Hawaiian Carabidae of a species in which no thoracic setae usually exist offering
abnormal specimens in which they are occasionally present. It is not uncommon for
species that normally possess the seta to occasionally throw off individuals in which it is
absent on one or (as an occurrence of extreme rarity) on both sides ; but the reverse case
is exhibited only in this species (if M, truncatus be actually a sport) and possibly in the
case of MesoBiriscus collaris, which I have suggested may possibly be a sport of Metro-
menus cinctuSy though I do not think it will prove to be so.

Hab. Kauai; Waimea, 4000ft., May and June 1894, August 1896 (Perkins).

(15) Metromemis sphodriformis sp. no v.

Elongatus, piceo-ferrugineus, vel ferrugineus, antennis pedibusque elongatis, flavis ;
prothorace haud transverso, ad basin angusto, angulis posterioribus exactis, fere rectis ;
elytris sat profunde striatis. Long. 8 — 10 mm.

Plate VI. fig. 10, individual from Molokai ; fig. 19, vestigial wing of example from
Maui, {b) of example from Molokai.

The elongate form, in conjunction with the large size, long antennae and legs, and
comparatively narrow thorax readily distinguish this insect from the others of the genus
(except M, ctnctus). The antennae are nearly 6 mm. long ; the head is narrow. The
thorax is never broader than long, and in some specimens is distinctly longer than broad,
usually it is just perceptibly longer along the middle than it is broad ; it is much narrowed
behind, and the hind angles are nearly rectangular, but just a little obtuse. The elytra

COLEOPTERA 239

are long and narrow, their striation moderately fine. The long antennae and le^js are
clear yellow.

This is a rare species, but Mr Perkins has obtained in all 37 specimens that I
attribute to it. If I am correct in treating them all as one species, it is a variable one,
and one that occurs in two islands, viz. Molokai and Maui. The specimens from Molokai
vary to some extent in the shape of the thorax and the depth of the striae of the elytra.
The examples from Maui also vary a little in these respects ; they have on the whole the

thorax a little broader, and its hind-angles very sharply defined, but these characters

bearing in mind the variation — are not sufificiently marked to justify treatment of the two
as distinct

I have examined the vestigial wings in one of the Molokai (Plate YI. fig. 19^)
examples, and find that they are peculiar in being about twice as long as is usual in
Metromenus, they extend considerably beyond the spiracle and are fully i mm. long
instead of half a millimetre as is the rule in most of the other flightless species.

I have also examined (Plate VI, fig. 19) these organs in a specimen from Haleakala,
Maui, and find that they are distinctly larger than they are in the Molokai specimen,
being about i^ nim. long. This does not seem to be beyond the limits of variation, and,
unless it should be confirmed as a constant distinction after the examination of more in-
dividuals, cannot be considered an evidence of the two forms being distinct.

Hab. Molokai, Maui. Molokai, 4000 — 5000 ft. on several occasions, but very rare
(Perkins). Maui, Haleakala, 3000 — 5000 ft., on several occasions, but always rare
(Perkins).

(16) Metromentis cinctiis sp. nov.

Elongatus, piceo-ferrugineus, antennis pedibusque elongatis flavis ; elytris ad apicem
et ad latera testaceo-cinctis ; prothorace haud transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis
posterioribus perfecte rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis. Long, 9 — 10 mm.

This is distinguished from some of the specimens of M, sphodriformis only by the
elytra being broadly and definitely pale at the tips ; this yellow colour also extends for-
wards along the sides.

We have received only a small series of ten specimens, and it is doubtful whether it
may prove distinct from M, sphodriformis. I have suggested (but with the greatest
doubt) that Mesothrisctts collaris may be a sport of this species.

Hab. Molokai, 4000 — 5000 ft., June 1893 (Perkins).

(17) Metroniemis fossipennis, Blackburn.

Anchomemis fossipennis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 146.
A rather small Melrotnenus of dull red colour, with deeply striated elytra, and with
F. H. in. 31

240 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

the foveae thereon deep and remarkably conspicuous. The thorax is transverse,
scarcely narrower at the base than in front.

Hab. Oahu. Not rare, generally in company with M. nmtabilis (Blackburn).
Near Honolulu, rare (Perkins).

(i8) Metromentis dardtis^ Blackburn.

Anckomentis bardus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 146.

This is a peculiar species of dull brown colour, with broad convex, deeply striated
elytra, and transverse thorax which is just perceptibly broader at the base than at the
front angles. It is apparently extremely rare,

Hab. Oahu. Mountains (Blackburn) : Mountains near Honolulu, 2000 — 3000 ft.
(Perkins).

(19) Meb'onienus oceaniciis^ Blackburn.

Anckomentis oceamais Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 146.
This remarkable insect has not been found by Mr Perkins and remains unique. It
has an extremely narrow, long head.

Hab. Oahu. '' Mountains, apparently very rare" (Blackburn).

(20) Metromenus fttgitivtts, Blackburn.

Anckomentis fugiiivus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 147.

Similar to M, fraternus in colour, but with very deeply striated elytra and a broader
thorax.

Hab. Oahu. Rare, 2000 ft, (Blackburn). Under stones in wet gulches of Koolau
Range, far back of Waialua, 2000 ft, January 1893. Mountains near Honolulu, July.
Wahiawa, April. On Piphtrits, back of Tantalus. Always rare (Perkins).

(21) Metromenus protervtts^ Blackburn.

Anckomentis protervtts Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 145.

This also is a species with deeply striate elytra, which are yellow to a small extent
at the tip. It differs much from A. fngitivus by the narrow head and thorax.

Hab. Oahu. In various localities on the mountains but not common, under bark
(Blackburn). Behind Pauoa valley. Mountains near Honolulu. On Pipturtis back of
Tantalus. Very rare (Perkins).

COLEOPTERA 241

(22) Metromenus cuneipennis, Blackburn.

Anchomenus cundpennis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. kiv. 1877, P- H^.

A very distinct species of elongate form, not at all depressed, of black, not very
shining, colour, with narrow head, thprax not transverse, and deeply striated elytra, the
interstices evidently convex. It occurs in several localities but apparently only in very
small numbers.

Hab. Oahu. "Mountains'' (Blackburn). Halemano, 2000 ft.: Mountains near
Honolulu. Rare (Perkins).

(23) Metrome7ius perpolitits, sp. nov.

Nigerrimus, politus, antennis pedibusque fusco-testaceis ; prothorace basin versus
angustato, lateribus rotundatis, angulis posterioribus rotundato-obtusis ; elytris disco
sulcato, exterius striis obsoletis. Long, 8 mm.

One of the most distinct species, recognisable by the deep black, highly polished
surface, and the peculiar striation of the elytfa ; near the suture the striae are deeply
impressed and the interstices convex, while more externally the striae are altogether
obsolete.

This is one of the rarest as well as most remarkable of the Hawaiian Carabidae,
Only three specimens have been found and I have been able to examine its structure far
from thoroughly. The tarsal grooves are excessively obscure, but I think really exist on
the outer side of the basal joint, and I therefore place the species in this division of the
Hawaiian Carabidae. In general form as well as some other characters it makes a certain
approach to Disenochus (cf D, aterrirmis).

Hab. Oahu. Wahiawa (Perkins).

(24) Metromenus limbaUis sp. nov.

Sat depressus, nitidus, flavescens, capite, thoracis disco elytrisque piceis, his late
testaceo-limbatis ; elytris sulcatis, interstitiis angulatim elevatis. Long. 6 — 7 mm. ; lat.
vix 2f mm.

This resembles no other species of the genus but approximates by its peculiar
sculpture to the aberrant forms of Mesothriscus and Atelothrus that inhabit the same
island — Kauai. The thorax is evidently shorter than broad, a good deal narrowed behind
but scarcely at all sinuate, the front angles scarcely at all prominent, the side-margin
behind the middle more elevated, the disc with a broad vague longitudinal depression, the
hind angles broadly rounded. Elytra broadly yellow at the tip at sides, shining, black or
piceous except as mentioned, and that the suture and basal margin are also yellow ; they
have no true striae, but there are seven longitudinally elevated ridges, the summit of each
being sharp ; the tip is slightly sinuate on each side, not truncate. The legs and
antennae are bright yellow ; the undersurface is broadly yellow laterally, but is infuscate

242 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

along the middle. The fourth tarsal joint seen from beneath is only a little emarginate.
The female has three setae on each side of the extremity of the abdomen.

This species may be very easily confounded with those examples of Atelothrtis
transiens that are most brightly coloured ; but independently of the entire absence of any
pits for the reception of setae on the thorax, this, part is shorter and broader, and the
elytra are polished, without the dulness arising from the minute sculpture of A. transiens.
The yellow margin of the body is always broader than it is in ^. transiens. The two
species have not been found in company.

A good series of about 65 specimens was obtained.

Hab. Kauai; at an elevation of about 4000 ft. Waimea, May and June 1894;
Koholuamano, April and October 1895 ; and on the high plateau in August, September
and October 1896 (Perkins).

Division 2. Lateral margin of elytra but little curved in at the shoulders, the
basal margin much extended laterally and with sharply marked angle.
Thorax with a straight base received on the base of the elytra.

(25) Metromentis latifrons sp. no v.

Robustus, piceus, parum nitidus, antennis pedibusque sordide testaceis ; capite lato ;
prothorace transverso, angulis posterioribus rectis. Long. 7 mm.

Antennae moderately long and stout. Thorax distinctly broader than long, base
straight, sides straight behind, a little narrowed in front so that the base is distinctly
broader than the apex. Elytra dull, the groove at the outer margin near the shoulders
strongly developed, and its red colour striking. The striae are rather deep behind.
Fourth joint of hind tarsus longer than broad, not bilobed.

The small series of nine specimens exhibits a good deal of variation in the width
of the thorax. They were nearly all found as single specimens on different occasions.

Hab. Molokai. Mountains, 4000 — 5000 ft. (Perkins).

Nos. 1254, 1256, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(26) Metromentis calathoides sp. no v.

Rufo-piceus, nitidus, antennis pedibusque flavis ; capite angusto ; prothorace basin
versus latiore ; elytris minus profunde striatis. Long. 7 mm.

One of the most distinct species of the genus ; with a narrow head and a thorax
considerably wider at the base than in front ; the species it most resembles is Mesothriscus
microps. Antennae rather slender. ^ Head long and narrow, eyes but little convex.
Thorax becoming broader from apex to base, the sides slightly curvate, behind much
elevated, hind angles rectangular. Sides of the elytra somewhat widely explanate.
Tarsi slender, fourth joint long. One male specimen.

Hab. Kauai. *' Hal 4000 ft. 5, 95" (Perkins). I have no doubt this label
refers to Halemanu in Kauai.

COLEOPTERA 243

Group PTEROSTICHIDES.

This is one of the most enormous of the divisions of Carabidae, but in the Hawaiian
islands comprises only a small group of closely allied forms. They may be easily
recognised by the ** fault" in the margins of the elytra (Plate VI. fig. 12).

The genera I adopt are of the simplest kind depending entirely on the thoracic
setae.

No prothoracic seta Metrothorax.

One prothoracic seta, at hind angle Atelothorax.

One prothoracic seta, at middle of side Thriscotlwrax,

Two prothoracic setae, one at hind angle, one at middle Mecyclothorax,

Mecyclothorax, gen. nov.

Prothorax utrinque setis duabus munitus, una ad angulum posteriorem, altera
paulo ante medium lateris sita. Alae vestigiales.

This genus includes a considerable variety of forms all of which are distinguished
by their atrophied wings from the antipodean genus Cyclothorax, which seems to be the
only nearly allied form yet known.

It is very difficult to tabulate the species, but the following may serve as a key to
the arrangement here adopted.

Small forms with a decidedly transverse, non-cordate thorax (Plate VII. fig. 4),

which is never furnished with a distinct neck or basal constriction species i — 8.

Larger, but otherwise as above %-^^c\^^ ^, M.bradycellinus,

Small forms, with narrow base to the thorax, and sharp posterior angles ; this
group leads by gradations to the group with cordate thorax, but has the

thorax shorter in proportion to the width species ro to 14.

Species with cordate thorax, i.e. a neck, or basal constriction (Plate VII.

fig. 6) species 15 to 18.

Larger forms with broad base to thorax and elytra (if the base of thorax is

narrow, M, peky montivagus^ bembidiciis^ there is no neck to it) species 19 to 30.

{a) sculpture of elytra abnormal, the foveoles being more or less increased

in number or size species 19 to 22.

{b) sculpture simple species 23 to 30.

(i) Mecyclothorax ptisillus sp. nov.

Angustus, subparallelus, piceus, antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis, elytrorum mar-
ginibus suturaque rufescentibus, apice testaceo ; thorace fortiter transverso, ante basin
haud constricto, basi lata, punctata ; elytris subtilissime striatis, striis subtiliter punctatis,
externe desinentibus, apicem versus obsoletis. Long. 3^ — 3I mm.

Plate VI I. fig. 4.

The smallest of the group, and readily recognised by the fine very regular series of
punctures on the elytra ; of these series there are six, but the outer one is very fine, and
much abbreviated, and there is no trace of a seventh ; at the tip only the sutural two can

244 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

be seen. The thorax is not greatly narrower than the elytra, and is more gently narrowed
behind than in most of the other species, the base being broad. Twenty-three specimens.
This is only likely to be confounded with M, rustims, but the much narrower elytra,
with the punctures very fine and more obliterated at the tip, readily distinguish it : there
is almost a complete absence of real striation, the sculpture consisting of series of fine
punctures. This distinguishes the species from M, angusticollis.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala: 9000 — 1 0000 ft., April 1894; ''above the forest/' one
specimen (Perkins). No. 1263, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(2) Mecyclotho7'ax nubicola, Blackburn.

Cyclothoi^ax mibicola Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1877, p. 156.

Cyclothorax riipicola (in error) Sharp and Blackburn, Trans. Dublin Soc. (2) iii.
1885, pp. 216 and 276.

This insect is known only from a single specimen found by Mr Blackburn 25 or 30
years ago. I have examined this specimen, and find that it is nearest to M.ptisilhis, but
is considerably larger and more elongate, and of a pale reddish colour. It may prove
to be a very aberrant form of M. ptisillus but at present we have nothing to connect
the two.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn).

(3) Mecyclothorax rtisticus, sp. nov.

Colore variabilis; piceus vel piceo-rufus, interdum nigricans, elytrorum sutura margini-
busque rufis; haud angustus ; antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis ; thorace transverso, basin
versus sat angustato, ante basin haud constricto ; elytris seriebus 4 vel 5 punctorum minus
subtilibus sed ante apicem obsolescentibus, ibidem striis subtilibus. Long. 4 mm.

The after body in this species is of more oblong form than it is in M, micans, the
thorax is rather longer and less rounded at the sides, and the elytral punctuation is coarser
and more effaced. The colour is usually obscure red, or piceous, but sometimes is black.
Thriscothorax apicalis is also very similar to M, rusticus, but besides the chaetotaxal
distinction it always has a remarkably definite pale patch at the tip of the elytra.
M, ptisilhis is smaller and narrower and has series of punctures, rather than punctate
striae on the elytra. Many specimens.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala. About the crater ; in April and October (Perkins).

(4) Mecyclothoi^ax inicans Blackburn.
Cyclothorax micans Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1877, p. 122.
Niger, nitidus, subdepressus, antennis rufis, pedibus flavis ; thorace fortiter trans-
verso, lateribus multum rotundatis, ante basin nullo modo constricto, basi lata ; elytris

COLEOPTERA 245

latiusculis, nitidis, seriebus 4 vel 5 punctorum ad apicem desinentibus ; pedibus debilibus.
Long, 4 mm.

The varieties of M. rtisticits, that are short in form, and dark in colour, resemble
this a good deal ; but M, micans can be readily distinguished by its shorter form, shining
black surface, yellow legs, and shorter thorax. The legs are always shorter and more
slender than they are in M, rtistictcs. The elytral punctuation is of a kind that reappears
quite a number of times throughout the allied genera, it consists of series of punctures
abbreviated at both base and apex (the sutural one being however entire) and becoming
shorter gradually so that the fifth or sixth can scarcely be detected : these punctures are
usually placed in indistinct striae. Fifty or sixty specimens.

Mr Blackburn's description is not very characteristic. The specimen in his collection
at the British Museum is however this species. He originally captured two specimens,
but I have not been able to ascertain the fate of the second individual. In this very
difficult genus it is possible that the two specimens alluded to may have been different
species, it being in several cases very difficult to decide from single specimens.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 9000 ft. (Blackburn). Haleakala, 9000 — 10000 ft.
(Perkins).

(5) Mecyclothorax microps sp. no v.

Rufo-piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; prothorace vix transverso,
lateribus posterius lefiiter angustatis, angulis posterioribus brevissime denticulato-rectis ;
elytris quinque-striatis, striis punctatis. Long. 4-]; mm.

This obscure form appears by the shape of the thorax to connect the M. rtisticits
group of species with J/, laetus. It is I think nearer allied to the first-mentioned forms,
from which it is distinguished by the thorax being considerably narrower in proportion to
its length, as well as by a different shape of the elytra and other parts. The head is
narrow. The thorax is considerably narrower than the elytra, with the sides gently
rounded and but little narrowed behind, where they are however slightly sinuate, there
is an extremely minute projection of the setigerous hind angle and this prevents the
angle from being obtuse ; the surface is shining, the lateral margin very fine, the median
channel rather deep, not extending to the base, the transverse anterior impression less
deep : the length of the thorax is only very slightly less than the width. The elytra are
moderately rounded at the shoulders, and each bears five striae, these striae are not very
definite at the base and are fine at the tip but they are very distinctly punctate, and there
is a subobsolete sixth stria. We have only one specimen, in rather bad preservation.

Hab. Molokai. Kalawao, ist August, 1893 (Perkins).

(6) Mecyclothorax obsctiricornisy sp. nov.

Nigricans, elytris late, sed minus definite testaceo-limbatis, pedibus antennisque
fusco-testaceis, his ad basin anguste rufis ; prothorace transverso, basi angusta, angulis
posterioribus obtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis fere impunctatis. Long. ;^^ mm.

246 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

A most obscure little form ; resembling most T. obscuricolor, but with a shining
surface, and broad yellow outer margin on the elytra ; bearing also some resemblance to
M, daptintiSy but with the thorax not strigose, and the elytra less deeply striate. The
antennae are obscure in colour, only the basal joint being yellow. Thorax shining ;
transverse, much narrowed behind, hind angles obtuse or almost acute on account of the
minute prominence for the insertion of the seta ; the surface has a just perceptible metallic
tinge ; the transversion impression and median channel definite. The elytra are yellowish
but each has a very large black patch occupying the greater part of the surface, and
leaving the suture pale, as well as the lateral margins ; the striae are deep, and a very
feeble punctuation can be traced. The legs are entirely yellow. We have only two
examples of this species, but I have recently received a third taken by a friend of
Mr Perkins on Haleakala last year. It is a marked variety, very small, and has the
black colour of the upper surface very definite without any brassy tinge, and the striae
distinctly punctate.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 ft, April 1894 (Perkins).

(7) Mecyclothorax angiisticollis, Blackburn.

Cyclothoi^ax angusticollis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1877, p. 156.

One of the smallest forms ; red, largely picescent or black, leaving the margins of
the thorax and elytra red ; the latter have the striae deep, but the outer one (the seventh)
obsolete ; the striae are punctate ; the antennae and legs very short. The thorax is not
narrow, but strongly transverse. The species may be readily distinguished from
M. pusillus by the colour and by the deep striation. M. obscitricornis is similar but has
the thorax strongly narrowed behind. About 30 specimens.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn). Haleakala, 400 — 500 ft, on several
occasions in the first half of the year. Under stones, in moss etc. (Perkins).

(8) Mecyclothorax bicoloi% sp. nov.

Rufus, nitidus, elytris late nigricantibus ; prothorace fortiter transverso, lateribus
rotundatis, basin versus parum angustato, basi lata, angulis posterioribus denticulato-
rectis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis subcrenatis sed baud punctatis. Long. 3^ mm.

This is only half the size of M, bi^adycellimis, the species it most resembles. It is
broader than M. angiisticollis, with longer antennae and legs and rather more rounded
sides to the thorax, and has deeper striation on the elytra ; the form of the thorax is
quite different from that of M, daptinus (which has very deeply striated elytra). The
thorax is not greatly narrower than the elytra ; its anterior impression and the median
channel are deep, the punctate basal area is small and bears but few punctures. The

COLEOPTERA 247

elytra are shining, blackish, with the suture and outer margin red, but not red at the tip ;
the eight striae are entire and very deep. The under surface entirely red.

We have only two examples of this species but it is clearly distinct from any other,
and seems to come very naturally between M. angusticollis and M. bradycellinus.

Hab. Molokai, 4000 ft, June 1896 (Perkins).

(9) Mecyclothorax bradycellinuSy sp. nov.

Sat elongatus, nitidus, rufus, thorace medio et disco elytri singuli picescentibus ;
thorace fortiter transverso, lateribus rotundatis, angulis posterioribus perfectis sed
subobtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. ^\ mm.

Plate VII. fig. 5.

This is another peculiar and distinct species ; the seta at angle of the thorax is but
small, and the orifice it leaves on removal from the hind-margin is so slight that the
species may without a careful examination be only too probably referred to Thriscothorax .
The thorax is very strongly transverse, but little narrower than the elytra, a good deal
rounded at the sides and narrowed behind, but without constriction ; the anterior im-
pression definite, the median channel continued to the base ; the sides are much spread
out, but not much turned up ; their colour is much more dilute than the picescent middle
parts ; the base moderately punctate. Elytra rather long, each picescent or black with
the suture and margins red ; the striae are very deep, and all the eight are entire from
the base to the extremity : they are distinctly punctate or crenate. Three specimens.

Hab. Molokai, 4000 ft., June 1896 (Perkins).

(10) Mecyclothorax laetus, sp. nov,

Rufus, elytris (marginibus exceptis) interdum picescentibus, antennis, palpis pedi-
busque testaceis ; prothorace ad basin breviter constricto, angulis posterioribus perfecte
rectis ; elytris subtiliter striatis, striis subtilissime punctatis, externis perobsoletis ;
antennis pedibusque brevibus. Long. 4 — 4^ mm.

Allied to M, konanus and cymindicus though with very different sculpture.
Antennae short, yellow. Head rather narrow. Thorax with the base narrower than
the front, with the sides rounded and sinuate behind, so that there is present a distinct
basal constricted part ; the transverse anterior impression is obsolete, the median channel
distinct, the base flat and but little punctate. The sides and suture of the elytra are
paler than the discoidal parts ; the striation is very fine, but even the seventh stria can
be detected. A small series.

This must not be confounded with M, rusticus, which has no constricted base of the
thorax, and has also the punctures of the elytral striae much coarser.

The species has an extreme resemblance to Thriscothorax laetus, but it usually has
the base of the thorax more distinctly constricted : this character is however variable,
F. H. III. 32

248 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

and it may be that, as I have suggested may be the case with M. robustus and
Zl robustus, they are dimorphic forms of one species. It seems probable that, however
this may be, the two rarely occur together. The following are the particulars about our
small series of 13 specimens. Haleakala, 5000 ft., i April 1894 No. 371; two specimens,
one of these is a most remarkable aberration, the seta on the left side coming not from
the hind angle but from a little distance in front of the normal situation, the specimen is
small, very narrow, with strongly cordate thorax : Haleakala, Maui, 4500 — 6000 ft.,
March 1894 No. 383; one specimen, highly aberrant and possibly a distinct species,
being large, convex, with elongate convex thorax and more distinct striae: Haleakala,
4000 ft., May 1896 No. 597 ; one specimen : Haleakala, 5000 ft., October 1896 No. 66 r;
seven specimens: Haleakala, 4000ft., October 1896 No. 680; one specimen: Lahaina,
W. Maui, December 1896 (Koebele) ; one specimen, abnormal, the thorax formed as in
T. laetus though the setae are perfectly developed. For particulars as to Thriscothorax
laetus see that species.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala and Lahaina, as above (Perkins).

(11) Mecyclothorax konanus, sp. no v.

Rufo-piceus, elytris subaenescentibus, antennis rufis, basi, palpis pedibusque tes-
taceis ; prothorace transverso, haud cordato, angulis posterioribus minutissime prominulis ;
elytris profunde striatis, striis septima et octava subobsoletis. Long. 4^ mm.

Closely allied to M. cymindicus, but with the thorax not all sinuate at the sides
behind, the posterior angles being only made prominent and rectangular by a very
minute projection of the angle itself. The elytra are much less perfectly sculptured,
the striation being less deep, and the outer striae indistinct. The thorax is much
narrowed behind, so that the width at the base is less than that at the front angles.
Two specimens.

Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea, August 1895 (Perkins).

(12) Mecyclothorax cymindicus, sp. no v.

Rufescens, supra subaeneus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; pro-
thorace transversim subcordato, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris regulariter per-
profunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. /^\ mm.

A distinct species ; rather flat ; distinguished by the rufescent colour, which
becomes rather strongly brassy above and by the remarkably regular and deep striation.
The antennae are rather short and stout. The thorax is moderately rounded at the
sides and narrowed behind, and just before the hind angles is sinuate, so that the angles
are rectangular, though there is no real constriction ; the base has a few punctures and
is depressed on each side, the median channel and the anterior impression are deep, the

COLEOPTERA

249

latter feebly strigose. The elytra are rather broad at the shoulders, and all the striae
are remarkably deep, distinct and regular from base to apex; a feeble crenation
or punctuation is seen in the depth of each stria. Legs short and stout. Six
specimens.

Hab, Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., October 1896 (Perkins).

(13) Mecyclotho7^ax daptinus, sp. nov.

Nigricans, antennarum basi palpis pedibusque testaceis ; prothorace transverso,
basin versus fortiter angustato, supra transversim rugoso ; elytris ad latera late testaceo-
limbatis, profunde striatis, striis baud punctatis. Long. i\ mm.

One of the smallest of this division ; very distinct. Antennae dark, yellow only at
the extreme base. Thorax small, very strongly narrowed behind, so that the base is
narrow, hind angles obtuse not at all rounded ; the upper surface covered with fine
transverse wrinkles, the median channel distinct, the anterior impression and the basal
sculpture indefinite, the lateral margin but little raised even at the hind angle. Elytra
strongly rounded at the shoulders, yellow, each with a very large black mark near the
suture (the two black marks separated only by the yellow suture), very deeply and, for
the size of the insect, broadly striate, so that the striae appear crowded. Undersurface
of head reddish. Legs clear yellow ; ventral segments more or less yellow at the hind
margins. Forty specimens,

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., April and June 1894 (Perkins).

(14) Mecyclothorax inaegualis, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax inaequalis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1877, p. 157.

A beautiful and very distinct insect; the upper surface of a peculiar submetallic
coloration and very dull ; the elytra have several foveoles on the third interstice and
others on the fifth ; the striae are subobsolete and irregular, and are rendered more
indistinct by the peculiar ** bloom " of the surface. The thorax is transverse with a
somewhat narrow base, and a short constricted basal part, with the hind-angles rect-
angular. The species may therefore be considered as one with cordate thorax. It is
apparently very rare.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 ft. (Blackburn, Perkins).

(15) Mecyclothorax vulcanuSy Blackburn.

Cyclothorax vtilcmius Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 108.

I can give but little information as to this species. I have before me four individuals
that I refer to it with confidence. According to them it is a species with a general
resemblance in colour and form to Thriscothorax unctus but with a longer thorax, the

32—2

250 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

head and thorax are red or nearly black, as the case may be ; the thorax is rather long,
gently narrowed behind, with however only an imperfectly formed constricted basal part.
The elytra are shining, rather flat, with very definite yellow margin, and with about five
series of fine punctures, the outer two of which are extremely abbreviated and indistinct ;
the legs are red, with a broad infuscation of the tibiae, which however is variable.

Besides these there are four or five specimens that may belong to the species, but
if they do it must be an extremely unstable one. Mr Blackburn says if he understands
it right, " the species has the unusual character of extreme variableness in the striation
of the elytra."

Hab. Hawaii. Mauna Loa, under bark near the mouth of the crater Kilauea
(Blackburn). Kilauea, in August 1895, 1896; Kona, Sept. 1892, 4000 ft. (Perkins).
The specimens from Kona are those that doubtfully pertain to the species.

(16) Mecyclothorax ovipennis^ sp. nov.

Fusco-testaceus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, elytris ad apicem
late pallidis ; prothorace cordato, basi elongata ; elytris ovatis, convexiusculis, subtiliter
striatis, striis vix perspicue punctatis. Long. 4 — 4^ mm.

Plate VII. fig. 6.

A rather narrow species, less dark in colour than usual, with narrow, convex elytra,
and the neck formed by the base of the thorax unusually long. The thorax is much
rounded at the sides, near the base parallel-sided, the hind angles rectangular, almost
acute ; the surface somewhat shining, very finely wrinkled on the disc ; the anterior
impression obscured by longitudinal strigosities, the median channel distinct, the base
not much punctate. Elytra narrow and convex, almost regularly oval, their colour in
large part dark, but largely yellow at the tip, the yellow colour extending somewhat
forwards along the suture and sides ; they are finely striate, six striae on each are
distinct, the outer or seventh stria indistinct. Legs pale yellow.

About fifty specimens.

The species varies much as to the depth of the dark colour, but not much in other
respects.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 — 6000 ft., March 1894 (Perkins).

Nos. 1266, 1267, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(17) Mecyclothorax iteratus^ sp. nov.

Elongatus, niger, elytris viridi-micantibus, palpis, antennarum basi pedibusque
testaceis, tibiis plus minusve fuscescentibus, antennis extrorsum obscuris ; thorace
elongato, basi constricta subelongataque, lateribus tenuissime marginatis ; elytris fere
estriatis, sericeo-micantibus. Long, 5^ — 6 mm.

Head broad, with prominent eyes, basal three joints of antennae pale red, the
others more obscure. Thorax elongate, with a comparatively long and abrupt basal

COLEOPTERA 251

part- shining black, the base much punctate, the anterior impression marked with
longitudinal strigosities, the median channel fine. Elytra rather elongate, narrow at
the shoulder, of a peculiar greenish-black colour, with a silky reflection, almost without
sculpture ; traces of series of very fine punctures can sometimes be detected, as well as
a slight appearance of ridges that have been effaced, and so scarcely separate grooves
that are hardly perceptible. Legs very slender, yellow, with the knees and tibiae more
or less infuscate.

This species has a superficial resemblance to Metrothorax haleakalae, but differs in
many points, independently of the generic character. The thoracic setae are very long,
but are only too easily removed after death. The small series of ten examples shows
very little variation.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 ft., on several occasions (Perkins).

(18) Mecyclothorax oculatus, sp. nov.

Elongatus, niger, elytris viridi-micantibus, apice summo testaceo, antennis palpis
pedibusque rufis ; thorace elongato, basi constricta subelongataque, lateribus tenuissime
marginatis, margine flavescente ; elytris subtiliter seriatim punctatis. Long. 5^ — 6 mm.

Closely allied to M. iteratus, but not so deeply black in colour, the elytral tips and
the margin, and even the thoracic margin, flavescent, the elytra with five distinct, abbre-
viated series of fine punctures. Besides this the form is a little different, the elytra
being broader behind the middle.

One of the finest of the species ; the head broad with largely developed eyes. The
constricted basal part of the thorax elongate, the anterior impression strigose, the median
channel fine.

This species was discovered in 1902 by Mr Perkins; he captured two specimens
on Molokai at an elevation of about 4000 ft.

Hab. Molokai ; as above (Perkins).

(19) Mecyclothorax longuluSy sp, nov.

Angustus, hand nitidus, nigricans, supra capite medioque thorace picescentibus ;
thorace lato, valde transverso, fere elytrorum latitudine, angulis posterioribus obtusis ;
elytris subtiliter striatis, foveolis quatuor sat magnis, et ante apicem impressione utrinque.
Long. \\ mm.

Allied to M. sobrinus, yet very distinct, smaller, narrower, with the thorax almost
as broad as the elytra, and no metallic lustre. We have only one specimen ; it is a male
with sexual characters similar to those of M. sobrinus, the front tarsi being distinctly
dilated and the front femora much thickened. The elytra get a little broader from the
shoulders to behind the middle. The striation of the elytra is very shallow except at
the tip, the outer striae being obsolete except there. The four foveoles of the elytra

252 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS -

are larger than normal, but in this respect are not at all comparable with the large
deep depressions of M. multipttnctatus and M. sobrinus. One specimen.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., 6. iv. 1894 (Perkins).

(20) Mecyclothorax multipunctatuSy Blackburn.

Cyclothorax multipunctattis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 122.

Readily distinguished from M. sobrinus by its smaller size, more shining elytra,
and the fact that the elytra foveoles are increased in number by additions placed laterally.
It is apparently extremely rare, only four examples being known,

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, two examples, at an elevation of about 4000 ft. (Blackburn).
Haleakala, 4500 ft., 28. iii. 1894, and 4000 ft. in May 1896 (Perkins),

(21) Mecyclothorax interruptus, sp. nov.

Elongatus, nigricans, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, elytris fuscis,
margine late rufescente ; prothorace magno, transverso, basin versus sat angustato,
angulis posterioribus denticulato-rectis ; elytris profunde striatis, ultra medium striis tertia
et quarta Interruptis, interstitiis tertio et quinto propter hoc conjunctis. Long. 5^ mm.

A very peculiar form, exhibiting as it were the earliest form of the peculiarity of
sculpture that is developed in such a remarkable manner by 71 perkinst and T. laticollis.
The antennae are rather long, dusky, the basal joint yellow, the following two dusky
reddish. The thorax is broad, not greatly narrower than the elytra, blackish, with the
sides narrowly yellow, and the base somewhat yellowish ; the hind-angles would be
obtuse, were it not that the angle itself is a little prominent and sharp ; the anterior
depression is very deep, and so is the median channel, but it is not continued to the
base. The elytra are deeply striate, all the eight striae being entire, they are not
punctate, though their margins are slightly waved ; the anterior foveole on the third
interstice is very definite, the posterior foveole is followed by an irregularity of sculpture,
an isthmus connecting the third and fourth striae ; there may be one or two other similar
irregularities of sculpture present ; the colour is blackish about the suture, with the outer
margin broadly reddish.

Van integer van nov. Formae typicae affinis ; elytrorum striis tertia quartaque
baud interruptis.

Van dubius van nov. Formae typicae affinis sed minor, supra aenescens, elytris
minus profunde striatis, striis tertia quartaque baud interruptis, margine externo
angustissime flavo.

These three varieties were not found in company. The type form was found in
May 1896, number 680; the van integer in October 1896, the van dubius in May 1896,
but as numbers 622 and 623,

Hab, Maui. Haleakala, 4000 ft., May and October 1896 (Perkins).

COLEOPTERA

253

(22) Mecyclothorax sobrinus, sp. nov.

Nigricans, supra fusco-subaeneus, parum nitidus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque
testaceis, femoribus fusco-plagiatis ; prothorace fortiter transverse ; elytris foveolis quatuor
magnis, et versus apicem utrinque impressis, subtiliter striatis, strlis impunctatis, externis
obsolescentibus. Long, 6 — 6\ mm.

Antennae elongate ; head broad. Thorax very strongly transverse, the sides but
little rounded, only moderately narrowed behind, the hind angles slightly prominent
so as to be minutely rectangular; the surface with a dull silky lustre, the transverse
impression and the median channel distinct, the base but little punctate, the lateral
margin moderate. Elytra rather long, not much rounded at the shoulders, of a peculiar
pale-reddish, obscure colour with slight metallic reflections, the foveoles very large and
deep ; the ante-apical impression very strongly marked.

In the male the femora are thicker, the front femora being very thick; the front
tarsi are more perceptibly dilated than they are in most of the other species.

The four examples obtained of this remarkable species are rather immature and in
bad condition. It is doubtless distinct from M. multiptmctatus, the elytral foveoles not
being laterally duplicate. One individual has a supernumerary foveole on the right
elytron placed some distance in front of the anterior foveole.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., in March and April 1894 (Perkins).

(23) Mecyclothorax montivagus, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax montivagiis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 122.

Olisthopus insularis Karsch (nee Motsch.), Berlin. Ent. Zeit. xxv. 1881, p. i.

This species is easily recognised. It is of rather large size, and depressed form,
with short broad head, strongly transverse thorax, which is greatly rounded at the sides
and much narrowed behind, and each elytron has six abbreviated series of coarse
punctures. It is extremely variable, and I have noticed several curious aberrations of
sculpture and colour.

It appears to be one of the commonest Carabids on Haleakala; Mr Perkins has
fifteen records of it from there, and it occurs from 4000 to 10,000 ft. It would be very
remarkable if it should also occur on the island of Hawaii. Mr Perkins has a specimen
labelled '' Kilauea, Hawaii, without date." Thus considerable doubt attaches to this
individual. Curiously the species is also recorded from Hawaii in the papers by
Mr Blackburn and myself, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) iii. 1885, pp. 214 and 276. I can,
however, find no direct record of its occurrence there, by Mr Blackburn, and I think
this is therefore probably an error, arising maybe from a hasty determination of
M, pele^ the Hawaiian ally of M. montivagus. Under these circumstances I shall
consider M, montivagus as a species peculiar to the island of Maui until satisfactory
evidence of its occurrence on Hawaii is forthcoming.

254 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

M, montivagus in its general appearance bears a great resemblance to the Australian
and New Zealand species Cyclothorax insularis, and, as noticed above» was recorded by
Karsch as being actually the antipodean species. I find, however, that the wings in it
are as fully aborted as they are in the other Hawaiian forms, whereas they are perfectly
developed in the antipodean forms. Whether the Australian and New Zealand species
are really one, as has been supposed, only indirectly concerns us, but I may mention
that 1 believe they will prove to be distinct.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 ft. (Blackburn) (Karsch as Olisthopus insularis).
Haleakala, 4000 — 10,000 ft on several occasions (Perkins). — ? Hawaii (cf above).

No. 1269, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae.

(24) Mecyclothorax pele, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax pele Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 107.

This is undoubtedly closely allied to M, montivagtts, though its recognition is
extremely easy by ** facies *' when the two are known. M, pele is a little narrower and
considerably more convex transversely, its legs and antennae are considerably stouter,
and are more red than yellow, the legs are often blackened on the femora and tibiae,
and the surface is intensely black, with a glassy appearance : the thorax is much narrower
and more convex, and the hind angles are less prominent : the punctures of the elytra
are larger and deeper. Although M. montivagus is variable, the variation does not tend
towards M, pele, and there is no example about which a mistake could be possible.

M, pele is apparently rare, but has been found several times at the crater of Mauna
Loa, called Kilauea, in August and September.

Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea (Blackburn and Perkins).

(25) Mecyclothorax bejnbidicus, sp. nov.

Robustus, niger, elytris obscure aeneis, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis,
his plus minusve fuscescentibus ; prothorace transverso, basin versus angustato, haud
sinuato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis integris, crenato-
punctatis. Long. 5^ mm.

A very distinct species ; differs from M, pele by the deep striae of the elytra, which
extend from base to tip, and from M. robustus by the deep striation and the unsinuate
sides of the thorax. The elytra are very broad, about twice as broad as the thorax, and
their eight deep striae are also rather broad, and are very deep even at the tip, they are
of a brassy colour, but dull The thorax is a good deal narrowed behind, the anterior
impression is obliterated, and the median channel is not deep, and does not extend to
the base. Eighteen specimens.

Hab, Hawaii. Kilauea, 4000 ft., August 1894 (Perkins).

COLEOPTERA 255

(26) Mecyclothorax aeneus, sp. nov.

Niger, supra aeneus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque rufis, femorum basi
nigra ; prothorace lateribus sinuatis, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris regulariter, sat
profunde octostriatis, striis fere impunctatis. Long. 5^ — 6\ mm.

Antennae rather long and slender. Thorax large, not strongly transverse, the
sides slightly round in front and sinuate behind, the hind angles very sharply marked,
rectangular, the base punctate, rather deeply impressed on each side ; the median
channel very distinct, the anterior impression quite obsolete. The striation of the elytra
very regular, complete, but not deep, the four foveoles very small.

We have only two specimens of this species, which is not closely allied to any
other. The posterior one of the thoracic setae is not present in these specimens —
which are rather worn — but the spots of their insertion — on the margin at the hind
angle — are very distinct.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4500 — 6000 ft., March 1894 (Perkins).

(27) Mecyclothorax cognatus, sp. nov.

Niger, supra aeneus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, tibiis fusces-
centibus ; prothorace fortiter transverso, lateribus rotundatis, posterius fortiter angustatis,
angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris regulariter, sat profunde striatis, striis fere impunc-
tatis. Long. 5^ mm.

Very closely allied to M. aeneus, but with shorter thorax, and a more distinct basal
constriction of this part ; the elytra more oval, less oblong in form, rather more deeply
striated. I think a distinct species, though I have seen only one specimen.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., April 1894 (Perkins).

(28) Mecyclothorax robustiis, sp. nov. *

Convexus, nitidus, piceus, (abdomine dilutiore interdum flavescente), supra nigro-
piceus, elytris aeneomicantibus, marginibus pallidis, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque
flavis ; thorace lateribus rotundatis, angulis posterioribus breviter rectis ; elytris profunde
striatis, striis evidentius punctatis. Long. 6 mm.

One of the largest Mecyclothorax, with the shoulders of the elytra less square than
in M, platysminus ; the after-body convex and heavy, the head narrow in comparison
with it. The thorax is very shining, the median channel very distinct, the anterior
impression definite, obsoletely strigose, the base punctate, the hind angles very definite,
rectangular. The striae of the elytra are all deep, definite and distinct from base to
apex, and their punctuation is more distinct than it is in most of the similar forms ; the
suture behind, and the margins, especially at the tip, reddish.

F. H. III. 33

256 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Our small series of examples exhibits a moderate amount of variation as to size,
and blackness ; the abdomen is nearly always flavescent. The striation of the elytra is
a little less deep in the small, dark individuals.

The only distinction between Mecyclothorax robustus, and Thriscothorax robustus,
beyoad the generic character, is a slight difference in the form of the hinder part of the
thorax ; this in M, robustus is rather less constricted behind, and the hind angle is
slightly more acute, the side margin there being less directed upwards. This distinction
is but slight, and is less than occurs as variation in some of the allies, so that it is quite
probable that the two may be dimorphic forms of one species. They seem to be, so far
as I can judge, very closely associated geographically. The locality numbers for this
species are 363, 599, 605, 621, 622, 679, 680.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, on several occasions, at an elevation of 4000 or 5000 ft.
(Perkins).

(29) Mecyclothorax occultus, sp. nov.

Robustus, niger, supra aeneus, parum nitidus, antennarum basi, palpis, pedibusque
rufis ; prothorace fortiter transverso, lateribus rotundatis, angulis posterioribus fere
rectis ; elytris minus profunde striatis, striis impunctatis, externis obsoletis. Long.
S^mm.

Distinguished, in this group of large forms with brassy surface and broad base to
the thorax, by its very short thorax, and the slighter striation of the elytra. The thorax
has a definite red margin, and the sides are sinuate exactly in front of the hind angles as
if to prevent these from being obtuse ; the anterior impression and median channel are
distinct, and the base is much sculptured. The striation of the elytra is quite distinct,
but the outer striae are obsolete, and all except the sutural one are very faint at the
extreme base. One specimen.

Hab. Molokai. 4500 ft., June i8th, 1893 (Perkins).

#

(30) Mecyclothorax amaroides^ sp. nov.

Major, robustus, niger, supra aeneus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque rufis, illis
extrorsum, femorum basibus tibiisque fuscescentibus ; prothorace fortiter transverso, ad
basin breviter constricto ; elytris striis omnibus integris, profundis, punctatis. Long. 7 mm.

Plate VIL fig. 7.

The largest insect of the Hawaiian Pterostichides, and one of the most distinct
species. Head very broad. Thorax strongly transverse, with strongly rounded sides, a
short basal constriction and rectangular hind angles ; very shining, the anterior impression
moderately, the median channel very, distinct, the broad base much punctate ; the lateral
margin rather strongly explanate, more or less rufescent. Elytra large, oblong, the
shoulders but little rounded, all the eight striae deep from base to apex and rather
strongly punctate ; shining, brassy, the raised margin and tip rufescent. Five specimens.

COLEOPTERA 257

The robust after-body and general appearance led me to suppose that the species is
winged ; but examination shows the contrary, the wings being as completely vestigial as
they are in all the other species of this group of genera.

Hab. Molokai. On the boggy plateau below the densest forest, about 4000 ft.
(Perkins).

Thriscothorax, gen. nov,

Prothorax utrinque seta unica, paulo ante medium lateris sita. Alae vestigiales.
Type T, unctus.

Like Mecyclothorax this is a most difficult complex to tabulate ; but the following
key may help any one wishing to determine species of it.

1. Thorax cordate (i.e. with a distinct constricted basal part and sharp hind angles,

Plate VIL fig. 3), the base usually narrow species i — 13,

2. Thorax not cordate, shorter and usually broader ; the true base of the elytra

(i.e. the part between the incurved lateral margins of the two sides) and base
of the thorax narrower than in group 4 ; hind angles sometimes (not always)
obtuse . . species 1 4 — 2 1 .

3. Species difficult to place ; base of thorax moderately broad, without neck, hind

angles obtuse or very nearly so species 22 — 24.

4. Base of thorax comparatively broad ; robust and comparatively large insects ;

width of elytra across shoulders considerable species 25 — 29.

(i) Thriscothorax unctus, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax unctus Blkn., Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. 1881, p. 227.

This species has in most individuals a slight brassy tinge on the upper surface, the
elytral margins are strongly elevated and always yellow, the thoracic elevated margins
are generally yellowish. There is but little variation in the shape and form of the
thorax, which is transverse, abruptly narrowed and constricted behind, with very definite,
rectangular hind angles. The striation is rather variable ; the sutural stria is present,
and behind is moderately deep, in front it is often distinctly punctate, the more external
striae are always indistinct, and they also may, one or two of them, be punctate ; very
rarely can more than four striae be seen, on each wing-case. The length is 4^ to almost
5 mm. About loo specimens.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn). Haleakala, 4500 — 6000 ft., on several
occasions (Perkins).

(2) Thriscothorax filipes, sp. nov.

Niger, parum convexus, elytris subviridescentibus, antennis, palpis pedibusque
flavis ; prothorace minus fortiter transverso, lateribus rotundatis, ad basin constricto ;
elytris levissime striatis. Long. 5 — 5^^ mm.

Similar to T. unctus, but quite distinct by its longer thorax, which is much less
narrowed behind the middle. The basal constricted part of the thorax is rather long,

33—2

258 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

and the hind angles are exactly rectangular : the anterior transverse impression is deep,
and the basal punctuation deep, the lateral margin is not strongly elevated. The elytra
have usually a faint greenish tinge, and are not polished : their striation is very slight
and the striae are not punctured. The legs and antennae are slightly longer than they
are in T, unctus. Twenty-one specimens.

Hab. Lanai. Halepaakai, July 1894, '^ts. Koele (Perkins).

(3) Thriscothorax gracilis, sp. nov.

Piceus, vel nigricans, thoracis elytrorumque marginibus lateralibus, illorum sutura,
antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis ; thorace parum transverso, ad basin constricto,
angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris subtiliter striatis, striis fere impunctatis, ad apicem
sat profundis. Long. 5 mm.

Allied to T. unctus and similar in colour, but with a longer and more slender thorax
and a quite different striation of the elytra. The thorax is a good deal narrowed behind,
with a distinct narrow basal portion and sharply rectangular angles, the median channel
deep, the anterior transverse impression well-marked, the base strigose punctate ; the
lateral margin moderately elevated. Elytra with a faint brassy tinge, the lateral margins
rather broad, yellow, the fine striation rather deep at the tips, the sixth stria is obsolete
the other five distinct. Thirteen specimens.

This is smaller than T, filipes with a narrower thorax and with elytral striation
distinct at the tip.

Hab. Hawaii. Kona, 4000 ft, September 1892 (Perkins).

(4) Thriscothorax palustris, sp. nov.

Niger, parum nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque fusco-rufis ; prothorace transverso,
lateribus rotundatis, ad basin constricto, angulis posterioribus perfectis ; elytris striis
quinque abbreviatis et punctatis, sutura posterius marginibusque rufescentibus. Long.
5 mm.

Plate VH. fig. 3, thorax.

Allied to T, unctus, of darker colour, differing a good deal in outline and readily
distinguished by the five distinct though abbreviated series of punctures on the elytra.
The thorax is much rounded at the sides, and narrowed behind, the constricted basal
part not short, the angles rectangular and definite ; the anterior depression deep and
definite, but not sculptured, the base punctate : the median channel well-marked. The
sutural stria of the elytra is deep at the tip, the second stria extends nearly to the tip
though very fine there, outside this each stria is more abbreviate ; each of the striae
commences as a series of punctures. The legs are dark yellow, more or less infuscate
beyond the femora. The margin of the elytra is distinctly red, and the same colour is
indistinctly present on the lateral margin of the thorax. About forty specimens.

Hab. Molokai ; mts. May 22, 1893 (Perkins).

COLEOPTERA 259

(5) Thriscotkorax modesttis, sp. nov.

Piceo-niger, parum nitidus, palpis pedibusque testaceis, antennis, prothoracis elytro-
rumque marginibus elevatis rufis ; elytris subaenescentibus parum nitidis, subtiliter
striatis, striis haud punctatis ; prothoracis lateribus rotundatis, basi constricta, angulis
posterioribus rectis. Long. 3f — 4 mm.

This is considerably smaller than 7". filipes, it is a little more deeply striated on the
elytra, and the outer striae are less obliterated, seven striae can be counted in addition
to the deep marginal stria, the suture of the elytra and its outer margin are red, and the
lateral margins aad even the base of the thorax are reddish. The antennae are slender,
yellow at the base, darker beyond. The head is rather broad. The thorax is rounded
at the sides, and the hind angles are sharply rectangular, the base is moderately punctate,
the median channel well-marked, the anterior transverse depression not deep and without
distinct sculpture. There is no greater extent of red at the tips of the elytra than what
is due to the junction of the red colour of the suture and margins. Five specimens.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala 4000 — 5000 ft. in March and April 1894 (Perkins).

(6) Thriscotkorax cordaticollis, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax cordaticollis, Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag, xv. 1878, p. 156.

The two specimens in the British Museum indicate a species similar to modestus ;
with less basal constriction to the thorax : the striae not punctate. I have failed to
match them with any specimens found by Mr Perkins. A specimen sent me some years
ago by Mr Blackburn as this species is apparently a damaged specimen of a Mecyclo-
thorax differing very little from M. vulcanus,

Hab. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn).

{7) Thriscotkorax stibconstrictus, sp. no v.

Niger, vel piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; elytris nigris, sutura versus
apicem lateralique margine rufis ; thorace haud lato, lateribus rotundatis, basi angusta,
constricta, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris quinque-striatis, striis subtiliter punctatis,
apicem versus profundis. Long. 3^ — 4 mm.

This little Tkriscothorax som^'whdLt vQsemhl^s Mecy clot horax micanSy but it is readily
distinguished by the striae carried to the tips of the elytra ; this also separates it from
the T palustris and modestus ; in the latter species the striae are visible at the tip, but
are not so deep as in subconstrictus, and they are not punctate.

The transverse anterior impression of the thorax is rather obsolete ; the surface is
shining but there are some very indistinct transverse wrinkles on the disc, and the

26o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

median channel is indistinct, the base is punctate ; the sides are rounded and much
narrowed behind, sinuate so that there is a short basal constricted portion with rect-
angular angles. The striation of the elytra is fine, and the punctures, though quite
distinct on the anterior parts, are also fine. Many examples.

Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 10,000 ft. (Perkins).

(8) Thriscothorax 7nolokazae^ sp. nov.

Convexiusculus, nitidus, nigricans, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque flavis,
antennis extrorsum rufo-obscuris ; prothorace lato, lateribus rotundatis, basin versus
fortiter angustato, basi constricta, angusta, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris convexius-
culis, breviter ovalibus, subaenescentibus, apice testaceo, marginibus parum conspicue
testaceis, profunde striatis, striis subpunctatis. Long. 3^ mm.

Head rather narrow. Thorax shining black, only slightly paler at the lateral
margin, which is fine ; the strongly rounded sides are much narrowed behind, so that
the base is narrow ; the base punctate, the median channel very distinct, the anterior
impression less definite. The elytra rather short and convex, shining, with a feeble
brassy reflection, deeply striate, the striae a little fainter at the extreme base, the outer
two striae very fine, the others distinct at the apex, the punctuation fine : the tip yellow,
and this colour extends a good way forwards along the suture and sides. Legs pale
yellow. Four specimens.

Hab. Molokai, 4000 ft., 15 June, 1893 (Perkins).

(9) Thriscothorax perstriatus, sp. nov.

Augustus, convexiusculus, nitidus, nigricans, antennis rufis, basi, palpis pedibusque
flavis ; prothorace lato, lateribus rotundatis, basin versus angustato, basi constricta,
angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris convexiusculis, subaenescentibus, apice testaceo,
margine anguste testaceo, profunde striatis, striis a basi ad apicem ductis, plus minusve
punctatis. Long. 4 mm.

Plate VH. fig. 8.

Though very like Z! molo^aiae this species is more elongate, and has the base of
the thorax broader, the striation of the elytra is very deep, even at the basal margin
each stria is deep and distinct, and all the eight striae are easily seen on each wing-case.
There is but little punctuation at the base of the thorax.

In this species and in T, molokaiae, the under surface is to a large extent yellow,
the ventral segments being entirely yellow in T, perstriatus, I have seen only a small
series of each and though both appear to be variable I think them distinct. I am indeed
more doubtful whether the specimens in each case may not be more than one, but the
examples are too few in number to enable me to form any decided opinion.

Hab. Maui.

COLEOPTERA 261

(10) Thriscothorax mundanuSy sp. nov.

Latiusculus, parum convexus, nitidus, piceus, limbo, aiitennis, palpis pedibusque
flavis ; prothorace fortiter transverso, lateribus rotundatis, basi constricta, angulis poste-
rioribus rectis ; elytris brevibus, rotundatis, quinque-striatis, striis ad apicem evanescenti-
bus, ad basin punctatis, externis obsoletis. Long, 4^ mm.

This species is very different from 71 filipes, and is nearer to T, unctiis. It is
distinguishable from the former by the broadly oval elytra with extremely rounded
shoulders, and by the punctate striae. The thorax is like that of T. unctus, short,
strongly rounded at the sides so as to be much narrowed behind, with a very short
straight-sided basal portion and sharply rectangular hind angles. The broad elytra are
a little convex, with pale margins and suture ; each has five striae and traces of a sixth ;
these striae are distinctly punctate at the tip and all, except the sutural one, become more
indistinct behind ; the second one is however quite definite at the tip, and the others
can be traced there. The only two specimens found are rather immature, and the
colour Is probably less deep than in mature examples.

Hab. Lanai. On the summit, July 1894.

(11) Thriscothorax constrictus, sp. nov.

Robustus, haud latus, nigricans, supra subaenescens, elytrorum thoracisque mar-
ginibus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; prothorace lato, lateribus rotun-
datis, basin versus abrupte angustatis, basi constricta, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris
octo-striatis, striis impunctatis, ad apicem sat discretis. Long. 5^ mm.

Plate VIL fig. 9.

A very distinct species. The transverse thorax is abruptly narrowed behind, with
a short basal constricted part, the sides of which are upturned ; the surface is not
polished, the. disc is slightly wrinkled transversely, and along the anterior impression
there are many fine longitudinal striae ; the median channel is distinct but there is very
little sculpture at the base. The elytra are elongate, the disc subaeneous, the sides
broadly flavescent, the suture also yellow ; the fine striae extend from the base to the
apex and are not punctate. Two specimens.

Hab. Molokai. 4500 ft, June 1893 (Perkins).

(12) Thriscothorax insolituSy sp. nov.

Convexus, niger, politus, elytris ad apicem et ad latera late testaceis, antennis palpis
pedibusque flavis ; prothorace angusto, convexo, lateribus leniter rotundatis, angulis
posterioribus brevissime rectis ; elytris convexis, brevissime quadristriatis, striis punc-
tatis. Long. 4,^ mm.

Plate VII. fig. 10.

262 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

A very distinct species of which only one example has been found. In form like
Metrothorax — e.g. M. debilis or swiiolus — but the lateral thoracic seta is present, though
excessively delicate. Thorax very shining, much narrower than the elytra, convex, very
shining, lateral margin very fine, the median channel and anterior impression subobso-
lete, the former however deepening into a fovea behind the middle, the sides gently
rounded, and the angles rectangular, though the sinuation that prevents them from being
obtuse is excessively short. Elytra broad, short and convex, very shining, black, very
broadly yellow behind, very finely striate, but with very definite punctures on the short
striae, the sutural stria reaching to the tip as usual. Legs short. One specimen.

The glassy surface and the sculpture make this approach T, variipes and ducalisy
but it differs entirely from them in other respects. The extremely minute thoracic seta
and the Metrothorax-Xik.^ form, together with the large area of yellow at the tip of the
elytra, should make it easily recognisable.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala 3000 ft., in 1900 (Perkins).

(13) Thriscothorax laetus, Blackburn.

Cyclotkorax laetus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. 1880, p. 228.

This species greatly resembles Mecyclothorax rusticus, but has a distinctly constricted
base to the thorax, and only very fine elytral striae. I have suggested that it may
possibly be a dimorphic form of Mecyclothorax laetus. The following are the particulars
as to our small series of 19 specimens: Haleakala April 1894, OHnda woods 4000 ft.
and downwards, two specimens ; Haleakala, 4000 ft. May 1896, two specimens. No. 599;
as preceding, but 5000 ft., one specimen, No. 600; as preceding, but No. 605, one
specimen ; as preceding, but No. 608, one specimen ; as preceding, but No. 609, one
specimen; as preceding, but No. 615, one specimen; as preceding, but 4000 ft. and
No. 622, two specimens; as preceding, but No 623, one specimen ; Haleakala 4500 —
5000 ft. October 1896, four specimens. No. 679 ; as preceding, but 4000 ft. and
No. 680, three specimens; Haleakala, in 1902, seven specimens given to Mr Perkins by
a friend.

These data render it probable that if T, laetus and M, laetus are dimorphic forms,
yet they rarely, if ever, occur in company. For the data as to M, laetus see that
species, p. 248.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, about 4000 ft. on several occasions (Perkins, Nos. 599,
608, 609, 623, 679, 680).

(14) Thriscothorax bembidioides ^ Blackburn.

Cyclothorax bembidioides Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 107.
A remarkable little insect with highly polished, glassy surface. Thorax much
narrowed behind, with very obtuse angles.

COLEOPTERA 263

Elytra with only a sutural stria which is punctate at the base.

Mr Blackburn's specimens in the British Museum do not exhibit a seta ; but they
have been much damaged by dirt and mould, and I think are this species.

Hab. Hawaii. Mauna Loa, about 3000 ft, under a stone, one specimen (Black-
burn), Kilauea, September 1896, three specimens (Perkins).

(15) ThriscothoTdx paradoxus, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax paradoxus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 108.

Plate VII. fig. II.

Distinguished by the red colour, the surface as if varnished, and the strongly
transverse thorax much narrowed behind, but without the slightest sinuation, so that the
hind angles are very obtuse, and the sides are only narrowly turned upwards at the base.
The anterior transverse impression is very deep, and the median channel strongly
marked. There are only two striae on each elytron. Mr Blackburn found but one
specimen and Mr Perkins has just sent me another, which agrees with it except in being
smaller. Mr Perkins has also sent a specimen of a Mecyclothorax from the same island,
that is extremely like T. paradoxus,

Hab. Hawaii. Mauna Kea, 3000 ft, under bark of a tree (Blackburn).

(16) Thriscothorax discedenSy sp. nov.

Niger, antennis rufo-obscuris, earum basi palpisque testaceis, pedibus fusco-
testaceis ; prothorace fortiter transverso, basin versus angustato, basi angusta ; elytris
striis punctatis profundis circiter tribus, externe tantum stria altera, munitis. Long,
vix 4 mm.

Readily recognised by the deep striae next the suture, while outside these there
are only one or very abbreviated striae, and by the short thorax, greatly narrowed
behind with obtuse angles. The anterior transverse impression is rather indefinite,
the median channel very distinct, the narrow base but little punctate. The short
striae on the elytra do not commence at the base, with the exception of the sutural
one which is deep from base to the tip, the fourth stria is very short, and there are
traces of a fifth outside it The legs are much infuscate, especially the tibiae and
the bases of the femora. Four specimens.

Var. terminalis^ var. n.

One specimen, from Olaa, is rather smaller, and has the elytra broadly yellow at
the tip, the raised margins of elytra and of thorax are also yellow, as well as the
legs, there are five striae all of which are strongly punctate. It is possibly a distinct
species.

Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea (Perkins).

F. H. III. 34

264 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(17) Thriscothorax chalcosus, sp. nov.

Rufus, supra piceus, aeneo-micans, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; thorace
transverse, lateribus rotundatis, posterius breviter constricto ; elytris sat profunde
striatis, striis obsolete punctatis. Long. d^\ mm.

Perhaps nearest to T, laetus, but of brassy colour above, and with much more
deeply striate wing-cases. Differs from T. laticollis and its allies by the smaller thorax,
with a much narrower base. Head moderately broad. Thorax much narrower than
the elytra, much rounded at the sides, and with a short constricted basal portion ;
hind angles rectangular ; the side margin strongly elevated, the anterior impression
definite, the median channel deep, the base with some coarse punctures, and on each
side deeply depressed. Elytra rather strongly rounded at the shoulders, shining, brassy,
but the suture behind, the tip and even the lateral margin, paler red than the rest ;
each with eight striae, beginning quite at the base, where they are deep and are
feebly punctate, at the tip only moderately deep, the outer two striae quite distinct
though not so deep as the others. Legs clear yellow. One specimen only.

Hab. Maui. West Maui mountains (Perkins).

(18) Thriscothorax apicalis, sp. nov.

Niger, parum convexus, sat nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum
apice discrete sed haud late testaceo ; prothorace transverso, lateribus leniter rotun-
datis, basi haud constricta sed angulis posterioribus minute rectis ; elytris septem-
striatis, striis ad apicem profundis, sed externis anterius obsoletis. Long. 4 mm.

Plate VIL fig. 12.

A rather short insect with the upper surface a little flattened ; to be recognised
by the well-marked but impunctate striae, and the form of the thorax, which, though
gently rounded at the sides and somewhat narrowed behind, so that the base though
rather broad is narrower than the front, yet has not any distinct constricted portion, the
hind angles being nevertheless exactly rectangular, though if a very minute section be
taken off the base the angles would be obtuse : the lateral margin is very fine and only
at the base is it minutely thicker ; the base is straight, rather broad, distinctly punctate
and slightly strigose, the anterior impression and the median channel are quite de-
finite, indeed rather deep. The elytra are but little rounded at the shoulders, with
the striae fine, though distinct at the apex, not punctate ; the legs are rather short.

We have a small series of this species, 25 specimens. It does not vary much
and a good deal resembles Mecyclothorax rusticus and micans,

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 10,000 ft., April 1894 (Perkins).

COLEOPTERA 265

(19) Tkriscothorax perkinsiy sp. nov.

Fuscus, supra vix subaeneus, abdomine et pectore nigricantibus, antennarum
basi palpis pedibusque fusco-testaceis, femoribus extrorsum flavis ; elytris profunda
abnormaliter sculpturatis, profundissime striatis, Interstitiis subsymmetrice fractis. Long.
4^ mm.

Plate VI I. fig. 13.

Antennae dark, with the basal joint yellow, and the following two more or less
yellow. Thorax strongly transverse, sides greatly rounded, much narrowed behind,
the base constricted, the hind angles rectangular, the disc shining, slightly wrinkled
transversely, the median channel and anterior impression very deep, the base punctate,
deeply impressed on each side. Elytra with very peculiar sculpture, the striae or
grooves very deep, the sutural two interstices angular, those more external broken
here and there, and where broken rendered irregular, so that some of the fragments
connect with their lateral neighbours; near the base on each side a peculiar loop is
thus formed.

I have much pleasure in naming this remarkable little insect after its discoverer.
It is, I suppose, next to impossible to attempt any explanation of these remarkable
freaks of sculpture. This sculpture varies a little. We have a" small series of eight
individuals.

Hab. Molokai, 5000 ft, in the autumn of 1893 (Perkins).

(20) Thriscothorax variipes, sp. nov»

Niger, politus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis, femorum basi tibiarumque
medio fuscis ; prothorace basin versus angustato, lateribus baud sinuatis, angulis
posterioribus obtusis ; elytris seriebus quatuor punctorum valde abbreviatis, stria
suturali ad apicem profunde exarata. Long. 6 mm.

A large Thriscothorax with highly polished surface, and very obtuse hind angles
to the thorax. Antennae not elongate. Head usually piceous. Thorax very polished,
much narrowed behind, but without any sinuation at the sides, the hind angles obtuse,
not rounded, the base narrow ; the anterior impression deep and definite, not sculptured,
the median channel distinct, the base punctate. Elytra polished, with four series of
punctures that commence some little distance behind the base, the sutural one is
continued as a stria to the apex where it is deep, the second can be just detected near
the apex, but the others cannot be detected there. Legs with yellow coxae, the femora
broadly black at the base, and the tibiae blackish in the middle. Six specimens.

Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea, August 1896 (Perkins).

34—2

266 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(21) Thriscothorax ducalis, sp. nov.

Robustus, nigerrimus, politus, antennis palpis pedibusque fusco-testaceis, his varie-
gatis ; thorace basin versus angustato, lateribus sinuatis, basi constricta, angulis posterio-
ribus rectis ; elytris seriebus quinque punctorum valde abbreviatis, stria suturali ad
apicem profunda. Long. 6^ mm.

Plate VII. fig. 14.

Resembles T, variipes in sculpture, but is readily distinguished by the shape of the
thorax with rectangular hind angles. Antennae dark except the basal joint. Thorax
with the anterior impression indefinite, the median channel distinct. The series of
punctures on the elytra very much as in T, variipes, but with five or six punctures
outside the fourth stria, representing the fifth stria near the base. Legs largely infus-
cate, femora yellow just before the tips, the knee itself being dark. Five specimens.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, about 5000 ft., single specimens on several occasions

(Perkins).

(22) Thriscothorax karschi, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax karschi Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xix. 1882, p. 62.

Distinguished amongst its allies by the deep striae and their comparatively large
punctures. There are five of these striae on each elytron, but only the sutural one
extends to the tip. The thorax is not greatly narrowed behind, and is only minutely
sinuate in outline before the hind angle ; the latter is obtuse, and the thick lateral
margin is strongly elevated there : the fovea on each side is deep.

One of the rarest of the Hawaiian Carabidae, only three individuals being known.

Hab. Hawaii. Mauna Loa, amongst loose stones, 6000 ft. (Blackburn) ; Kona,
Mauna Loa, 4000 ft, in July and December (Perkins).

(23) Thriscothorax obscuricolor, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax obscuricolor Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 123.

A rather small form, with the full complement of striae on the elytra ; though
rather deep they are not punctate. The general colour is dull black, with the margins
of the thorax and elytra more or less red, the basal part of antennae and the legs
yellow, the base of the femora blackened. I have seen only a small series and
it appears to be very variable : the striae are more or .less deep, and when very deep
are indistinctly punctate, the colour also varies somewhat, as does the length of the
thorax ; this part is however always transverse, and a good deal narrowed behind,
with rather narrow base ; but there is no constricted part, and the angles are obtuse,
although a minute sinuation of the sides in front of them is more or less distinctly
present. The form of the thorax distinguishes the species from T, modestus, to which
it has a considerable general resemblance. Twelve examples.

The single specimen from Lahaina has no definite characters to distinguish it.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 ft. (Blackburn and Perkins). Lahaina (Koebele).

COLEOPTERA 267

(24) Thriscothorax brevis, Blackburn.
Cyclothorax brevis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 123.

Not very likely to be confounded with any other species though it has no very
salient character. Size medium, colour above dark bronzy, after-body short and convex,
moderately deeply striate ; hind angles of thorax obtuse. Eighteen specimens.

Hab. Oahu. Not very rare ; among decaying leaves at an elevation of about
2000 ft (Blackburn). Mountains Honolulu, December 1900 (Perkins).

(25) Thriscothorax laticollis, sp. nov.

Fuscus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, femorum basi nigricante ;
prothorace lato, valde transverso, opaco ; elytris abnormaliter sculpturatis, profunde
striatis, interstitiis hie inde subsymmetrice fractis, fragmentis disordinatis. Long. 4I mm.

By the extraordinary sculpture of the elytra allied to T, perkinsi, but with a very
different thorax : this is but little narrower than the elytra, gently rounded at the sides,
and slightly narrowed behind, but without a constriction ; the hind angles are very
sharply marked and slightly obtuse : the surface is flat and dull, feebly wrinkled, of a
dull reddish colour at the sides, darker on the middle, the median channel is present,
the anterior impression is rendered somewhat indistinct by the numerous minute longi-
tudinal strigosities that are connected with it. The grooves on the elytra are deep, and
the convex interstices are here and there broken ; on each side, about the fifth, sixth and
seventh striae, there is an elongate patch of irregular fragments of the disintegrated
interstices. One specimen.

In the form of the thorax this insect is allied to Mecyclothorax multipundatus ;
and at each hind angle of the thorax there is an excessively minute erosion of the
surface at the spot where the seta is situate in the species of Mecyclothorax referred to.

Hab. Molokai, 3500 ft., 5 June, 1893 (Perkins).

(26) Thriscothorax bradyderus, sp. nov.

Brevis, latus, robustus, niger, supra aeneus, antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis,
illis extrorsum, his tibiis tarsisq^ie sordidis ; thorace valde transverso, lateribus posteri-
oribus leniter breviter sinuatis, angulis posterioribus fere rectis ; elytris sat profunde
striatis, striis impunctatis. Long, vix 5 mm.

Remarkable by its short, broad form ; head short and broad. Thorax very broad,
dull, brassy, the lateral margin yellowish, the anterior impression rather deep, strongly
crenate, the central channel deep, the base much punctate. Elytra broad, shoulders
but little incurved : deeply striate, but the striae not punctured. Two specimens.

Hab. Molokai. On the boggy plateau below the densest forest, about 4000 ft.,
June 1896 (Perkins).

268 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(27) Thriscothorax robustus, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax robustus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. 1881, p. 228.

This species is so closely similar to Mecyclothorax robustus as to suggest that the
two may be dimorphic forms of one species. We have only a small series of sixteen
examples; the locality numbers are 372, 599, 605, 620, 622, 679, 680, or almost the
same as for M, robustus, Mr Blackburn's type was the only example he found ; it is
very large, and feebly striate in comparison with the examples procured by Mr Perkins,
but as it may be the same species I adopt his name.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala on several occasions at an elevation of 4000 or 5000 ft
(Perkins). Blackburn found only one example ; it has a similar record.

(28) Thriscothorax platysminus, sp. no v.

Robustus, piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; prothorace lateribus sub-
curvatis, posterius leniter angustato, angulis posterioribus obtuse rectis ; elytris oblongis,
sat crasse marginatis, subtiliter striatis. Long. 5^ mm.

Plate VII. fig. 15.

Antennae rather slender, entirely yellow. Thorax transverse, sides but little
rounded, narrowed a little behind the middle, with an almost imperceptible sinuation
before the hind angle, but enough to prevent this from being markedly obtuse ; median
channel distinct, anterior impression strigose, the base strigose, with but few punctures.
Elytra more oblong than usual, but little rounded at the shoulders ; with the full com-
plement of striae, but these fine, minutely punctate, extending from base to tip, but the
outer one or two very obsolete. Legs slender. Two specimens.

Readily distinguished from T, robustus, by the scarcely at all metallic surface, less
convex form, and much finer striation of the elytra.

Hab. Molokai. About 4000 ft., probably on the side of a stream at the bottom of
the gulch, June 1896 (Perkins).

(29) Thriscothorax argutor, sp. nov.

Augustus, subparallelus, rufus, politus, antennis, palpjs pedibusque flavis ; prothorace
subquadrato, basin versus leniter angustato et sinuato, angulis posterioribus rectis ;
elytris suboblongis, sat profunde punctato-striatis. Long. 5 mm.

Antennae long, head rather narrow. Thorax not much narrower than the elytra,
broader than long in the proportion of about five to four, the sides slightly rounded,
distinctly narrowed and sinuate behind, the hind angles rectangular ; the anterior im-
pression distinct, but with many strigosities about it, the median channel distinct and
carried to the base, the lateral margin fine in front, but more elevated behind, and at
the hind angles strongly elevated, the base but little punctate. Elytra rather long and

COLEOPTERA 269

narrow, parallel-sided, the striae definite, impressed and entire, extending from base to
tip, but here not deeply impressed, the external one or two obsolete ; the suture and
external margin paler. Legs quite pale.

We have only one female of this distinct species ; of all this Hawaiian group it is
the one that looks most like an ordinary Pterostichid, and is therefore of considerable
interest. It occurs with some of the Anchomenids that are most differentiated,
Atrachycnemis and Deropristus.

Hab. Molokai. In June 1896 at an elevation of about 4000 ft. (Perkins).

Atelothorax, gen. nov.

Corpus apterum. Prothorax utrinque seta unica ad angulum posteriorem sita.

This genus, the analogue of Atelothrus in Anchomenides, is represented only by a
single species of which only one specimen is known. It is the most recent discovery in
Hawaiian Coleoptera, having been captured by a friend of Mr Perkins, who made the
ascent of Haleakala in 1901 or 1902. He collected 16 species of the Cyclothorax
group, of which two have proved to be new. If it should prove that the absence of the
seta is not a constant character, the species would take its place in Mecyclothorax next
to M. cognatus, to which it is very similar.

(i) Atelothorax optatus, sp. nov.

Convexus, piceus, supra aeneus, nitidus, antennis rufis, palpis pedibusque flavis ;
thorace transverso, angulis posterioribus rectis : elytris sat profunde striatis, striis
impunctatis. Long. 5 mm.

Extremely similar to Mecyclothorax cognattis, but with the sides of the thorax less
sinuate behind. Both thorax and elytra have the raised lateral margin red. The thorax
is strongly transverse, the anterior impression and median channel distinct. The elytra
have the full complement of striae which run from base to apex.

The unique exponent was found on Haleakala last year by a friend of Mr Perkins.
I regret that I do not know his name.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala.

Metrothorax, gen. nov.

Prothorax setis erectis carens. Alae vestigiales.

In this genus I have placed the more elongate and larger forms first.

(i) Metrothorax mo lops, sp. nov.

Elongatus, robustus, nitidus, niger, antennis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace convexo,
vix transverso, lateribus valde rotundatis, postice brevissime coarctato, angulis posted-

270 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

oribus subobtusis, margine laterali subtilissimo ; elytris fere unistriatis, stria secunda valde
abbreviata. Long. ']\ mm.

Plate VII. fig. 1 6.

Head broad, eyes convex, very large. Thorax finely, but not obsoletely canalicu-
late on the middle, almost impunctate, anterior transverse impression very deep. Elytra
elongate and convex, shining, impunctate, with a single well-marked stria near the
suture ; the lateral margin unusually fine.

This remarkable species cannot be confounded with any other. The general shape,
the subglobular thorax, with the fine margins of thorax and elytra, are distinctive.
M. macrops is the only species at all near it. Only two examples have been found, one
of which is very immature.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., in March 1894 and May 1896 (Perkins).

(2) Metrothorax macrops y sp. ftov.

Elongatus, angustus, piceus, antennis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum apice testaceo ;
thorace elongato, cordato, angulis postenoribus rectis, subtilius canaliculato ; elytris
unistriatis vel bistriatis, striis externis obsoletis. Long. 6 mm.

Smaller than M. molops, with a distinctly constricted base to the thorax, so that the
angles are quite rectangular. The shape is transversely a little less convex than it is in
M, molops, but is more convex than in the following species. Eleven examples.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, on several occasions ; 4000 — 6000 ft. ; once at Olinda
under bark of Koa, April 1894 (Perkins).

(3) Metrothorax deverilli, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax deverilli WidJzVhwm, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 108.

In this species the elytra have a greenish tint and are very shining : the thorax is
much narrowed behind with a distinct constricted part which is punctate, the angles
rectangular. The striation varies but is always very slight, even the sutural stria being
faint except at the apex, and there it is not very deep ; the antennae beyond the fourth
joint are infuscate-red, and the tibiae are sometimes slightly infuscate. There is always
some extent of yellow colour at the tip of the elytra.

I have seen ten examples. They vary a little in the width of the thorax, and
slightly in the striation of the elytra, which in one or two is evident though very faint.

Hab. Hawaii ; various localities, generally under bark of trees at an elevation of
about 3000 ft. (Blackburn); Hilo, Kilauea, on several occasions, always singly
(Perkins).

(4) Metrothorax perkinsianus, sp. no v.

Niger, elytris viridescentibus, perpolitis, antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis, illis
extrorsum fuscescentibus ; elytrorum apice suturaque posterius conspicue testaceis ;

COLEOPTERA

271

thorace elongate, basin versus minus abrupte constricto, angulis rectis, medio canalicu-
lato, basi mediocriter punctata, impressione transversa anteriore parum profunda baud
sculpturata ; elytris obsolete striatis, stria suturali ad basin et versus apicem sat pro-
funda. Long. 5 mm.

Closely allied to M, deverilli, but with the constricted basal portion of the thorax
more definite and the hind angles therefore sharper. Almost equally near to M, halea-
kalae but smaller, with the thorax less abruptly constricted at the base, and with a
broad, definitely yellow apex to the elytra ; the highly polished surface of the elytra is
remarkable. Five specimens.

This species was discovered by the naturalist to whom we are indebted for
Atelothorax optatus.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala.

(5) Metrothorax haleakalae, sp. no v.

Elongatus, parum convexus, niger, elytris subviridescentibus, antennis pedibusque
rufis, illis extrorsum, tibiis tarsisque plus minusve fuscescentibus ; prothorace majore,
vix transverso, basi constricta et punctata, angulis posterioribus rectis, fere acutis ; elytris
tenuissime striatis, stria suturali tantum ad apicem sat profunde impressa. Long. 5^ —
6 mm.

Closely allied to M. deverilli, rather larger, with a larger thorax which is more
abruptly constricted behind, with the angles sharper. The elytra are not at all pale at
the tip and the suture is not, or only faintly red behind. The antennae and legs are
rather longer. Eleven examples.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft, on several occasions (Perkins).

(6) Metrothorax laticollis, sp. nov,

Niger, politus, elytris viridescentibus, antennis (articulo basali excepto) palpisque
fuscis, pedibus antennarumque basi testaceis ; prothorace lato, posterius abrupte angus-
tato, angulis acute rectis, canaliculato ; elytris fere estriatis, stria suturali subtili. Long.
5 mm.

I have seen only five examples of this species. Though extremely near to M,
perkinsianus I think it may prove distinct on account of the broader thorax which is
very abruptly narrowed behind, and is less punctate at the base. The colour is more
that of M. haleakalae, and so is the form of the thorax. The elytra also are compara-
tively shorter in proportion to their width.

Hab. Maui. Hawaii ? Haleakala 4000 — 6000 ft. No. 680 (Perkins). I am not
convinced that the exponent, supposed to be from Hawaii, was really found there. It
is No. 686, = Kilauea viii. ^95. A confusion between 680 and 686 is very easy.

F. H. III. 35

272 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(7) Metrothorax blackburni, sp. nov.

Angustulus, convexus, nitidus, niger, antennis extrorsum fuscescentibus, basi palpis
pedibusque flavis; prothorace elongate, profunde canaliculato, basi constricta punctataque,
angulis posterioribus acute rectis ; elytris 5- vel 6-striatis, striis punctatis sed brevibus.
Long. 5 mm.

This species is^ — ^like however to other allied forms — very Bembidioid in appearance.
It is not likely to be confounded with other species of this genus, but more resembles
certain species of Thriscothorax \ e.g. T, karschi\ it has however a narrower thorax
with the constricted basal portion more elongate. The head is rather narrow ; the
antennae have the first three joints and the base of the fourth yellow, the others rather
darker. The thorax is but little broader than long, the sides gently rounded in front ;
sinuate behind, and meeting the base so as to form a sharply-marked right angle. The
median channel and the basal punctuation are very distinct, the lateral margin, as well
as that of the elytra, quite fine. The elytra transversely convex, rather narrow, shining
black, only narrowly yellow at the tip ; towards the base with well-marked series of
punctures — about five in number : these are continued backwards as fine striae, but only
the sutural one is definite at the tip. Legs clear yellow. I have named this distinct in
species after the Rev. T. Blackburn, who was almost the first to call attention to the
interesting nature of the Hawaiian Insect-fauna. The six examples found show little or
no variation.

Hab. Molokai. On the mountains, in June, in 1893 and 1896 (Perkins).

(8) Metrothorax scaritoides, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax scaritoides Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 156: Blackburn and
Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) in. pi. iv. f. 6.

We have received a very large series of this species. It has a broad thorax, which
is moderately long, and has a very short basal constriction, just sufficient to make the
angles rectangular ; the length of the insect is about 5 mm. and that of the thorax i J mm.^ ;
the legs and antennae are yellow, the elytra convex, and with but feeble and not extensive
striation. The striation is rather variable, and some examples (as stated by Mr Black-
burn) have several short striae visible and in some cases these are series of punctures.
The species has been found on the two adjacent islands of Maui and Molokai, and there
is no difference between the specimens from the two islands. One highly aberrant
example from Molokai has the elytral sculpture almost as well developed as it is in
M. blackburni, but has none of the other characters of that species.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn), 4000 — 5000 ft., on several occasions
(Perkins).

^ Mr Blackburn gives the length as 6 — 6J mm,, but he seems to have exaggerated the length of most
of the species of this division. It is probably however rather greater in quite fresh than it is in dried
specimens.

COLEOPTERA 273

(9) Metrothorax rohmdicollis, sp. no v.

Convexus, nitidus, niger, antennis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace fortiter transverse,
lateribus aequaliter rotundatis, angulis posterioribus perobtusis fere nullis ; elytris bistriatis,
striis magis externis parum discretis. Long. 5 mm.

Plate VI I. fig. 17.

Extremely similar to M. scaritoides, but distinguished from it and all the other
species by the extremely obtuse hind angles of the thorax; this part is nearly i\ mm,
long, and about i| mm. broad, and is not greatly narrower than the elytra; the lateral
margin is very fine, and is scarcely at all prominent at the hind angle; the median
channel is also very fine, and there is very little sculpture at the base. The legs are
very short. Seven specimens.

Hab. Molokai. Mountains, 3000 ft., May 1893 (Perkins).

(10) Metrothorax curtipes.

Brevior, niger, politus, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace fortiter
transverso, angulis posterioribus obtusis, baud rotundatis, subtilissime canaliculato, basi
parum punctata; elytris latiusculis, convexis, stria suturali profunda, stria secunda sat
discreta, preterea parum striatis. Long. 4 — 4f mm.

Of this species we have received also a large series of about 150 examples;
though closely allied to M, scaritoides there is no doubt that it is perfectly distinct,
besides being smaller, the hind angles of the thorax are less acute, and the legs
considerably shorter. The penultimate joint of the maxillary palpus is considerably
shorter. The male genitalia also exhibit well-marked distinctions. The striation of the
elytra varies a little as it does in M. scaritoides. The thorax is extremely finely
margined, and the elytral margin is also fine.

Hab. Molokai. Mountains, 3000 — 4000 ft., on several occasions (Perkins).

(11) Metrothorax extimus, sp. nov.

Nigro-piceus, supra niger, politus, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis, tibiis antennisque
ex parte fuscescentibus ; prothorace fortiter transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis
posterioribus perobtusis ; elytris striis quinque punctatis, externis valde abbreviatis.
Long. 4^^ mm.

Nearest to M. cu7^tipes but very distinct ; rather narrower, with a narrower base to
the thorax, and in colour and sculpture more like Mecyclothorax pele. Above coal-black,
polished, the suture behind rufescent, the raised external margins feebly picescent. The
antennae red, at the base, darker outwardly. Thorax strongly transverse and much
narrowed behind ; the anterior impression and the median channel distinct. Elytra with
a sutural stria extending from base to apex, and with four other very abbreviated striae
of punctures. Legs short, red, tibiae and bases of the femora infuscate. One specimen.

Hab. Hawaii. Kona, 3000 ft., August, 1894 (Perkins).

3S— 2

274 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(12) Metrothorax simiolus, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax simiolus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 123.

Brevior, niger vel piceus, nitidus, antennis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace cordato,
parum transverse, ad basin constricto, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris latis, con-
vexiusculis, stria suturali profunda, punctata, striisque aliis duabus valde abbreviatis.
Long. 4 mm.

Closely allied to M, curtipes, but with shorter and more convex elytra, with the
thorax constricted, and the hind angles very distinct and definite. The head is narrower
and the eyes less prominent. The elytra are but litde longer than broad, 2f mm. long
by 2 broad, and are nearly twice as broad as the thorax. The sutural stria is deep and
definite throughout, all its anterior part is deeply and definitely punctured, outside it
there is another stria of punctures much abbreviate, and external to this an exceedingly
abbreviate one ; none of the striae, except the sutural one, is in the least visible at the
tip ; the suture is reddish, and the raised lateral margin very distincdy yellowish.

I think the identification of Mr Koebele's insect with Blackburn's type is correct.

Hab. Oahu. One specimen (Koebele). Mountains of Oahu, rare (Blackburn).

(13) Metrothorax oahuensis, Blackburn.

Cyclothorax oakuensis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 123.

I have seen only the two specimens of Mr Blackburn, in the British Museum.
They seem to be a small Metrothorax, with yellow margin to elytra and thorax, so that
the former are almost plagiate ; the striation of the elytra is less reduced than it is in
M, simiolus,

Hab. Oahu. In the mountains, very rare (Blackburn).

(14) Metrothorax crassus, sp. nov.

Robustus, haud latus, politus, niger, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace
transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris stria suturali
profunda, preterea parum striatis. Long. 5 mm.

Thorax very shining, much narrowed behind, but not at all sinuate, hind angles
well-marked but obtuse ; not greatly narrower than the elytra, so that the base is broad ;
lateral margin very fine, the median channel fine but definite, the base feebly punctate.
The elytra are elongate, the suture pale, the apex flavescent, the lateral margin quite
fine.

We have received only one specimen of this species, which is nearly equally allied
to M. laticollis, curtipes and scaritoides. Its form is like that of M. laticollis, but the

COLEOPTERA 275

thorax is different, being more narrowed behind and that in a straighter (less curved)
line, the hind angle is much better marked. It is larger than M, curtipes, and has a
more elongate after-body. In the shape of the thorax and the polished elytra it is
different from M, scaritoides.

Hab. Maui. J ao Valley, W. Maui; March 1894 (Perkins).

(15) Metrothorax debilis, sp. nov.

Brevior, piceus, politus, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis, elytris nigricantibus,
marginibus et apice rufo-testaceis ; prothorace transverso, basin versus fortiter angustato,
angulis posterioribus parum obtusis fere rectis, basi fere impunctata ; elytris brevibus,
stria suturali sat profunda, striis externis obsoletis. Long, vix 4 mm.

Closely allied to M. curtipes, rather smaller than the smallest individuals of that
species, with the thorax less strongly transverse, and the elytra in proportion shorter ;
the hind angles of the thorax are better marked, the base is narrower, and the anterior
parts of the insect are more dilute in colour. Four specimens.

Hab. Molokai. Kalawao, 4000 ft., August 1893 (Perkins).

(16) Metrothorax discedens, sp. nov.

Subdepressus, sat nitidus, niger, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis ;
thoracis et elytrorum marginibus elevatis flavescentibus ; thorace transverso, angulis
posterioribus obtusis ; elytris subtiliter striatis, striis externe et ad apicem evanescentibus.
Long. 3^^ mm.

This is quite different from its congeners, and by its appearance recalls M. micans
and allies. The antennae are short. Thorax strongly transverse, a good deal narrow^ed
behind, hind angles very obtuse, anterior impression absent, median channel distinct,
basal punctuation slight. Elytra rather broad and flat, with four or five striae, not
distinctly punctured, and much abbreviated : the suture behind as well as the external
margin rufescent.

Though we have received only one example, there can be no doubt this is a quite
distinct form.

Hab. Maui. Mount Lahaina, 3000 ft,, January 1897 (Perkins).

Group BEMBIDIIDES.

We have obtained a comparatively small number of species of this group, but they
are of great interest, and being small forms it is probable that careful research would
reveal several others. Kauai is clearly the metropolis of the Hawaiian Bembidiides, and
its high plateau and ridges will require to be very carefully worked before we can
consider that the island has revealed to us all its small forms.

I have previously remarked that St Helena possessed a parallel Bembidiid Fauna

276 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

to that discovered by Mr Perkins on Kauai. It was nearly all brought to light by

Wollaston, who found it concealed in the decaying wood and stems of the precinctive

vegetation. The St Helena species exhibit a remarkable variety of forms. Some of

our species show a condition parallel with the St Helena forms, in sculpture, in form,

and in the reduction of the eyes and atrophy of the wings. Some of Wollaston's

species of Endosomatium would not look out of place intercalated in the Hawaiian

series. If the two faunas can be more completely ransacked for Bembidiids I shall not

be surprised if this parallelism is found to be more extensive. Some of the St Helena

Bembidiids are very different from the Hawaiian forms and it is clear that the two

faunas have had totally different origins.

The Hawaiian genera are easily distinguished.

Trophi elongate (Plate VII. fig. 24),

Wings vestigial Gnatholymnaeum.

Wings ample Nesolymnaeum.

Trophi normal in length,

Thorax with two pairs of setae,

Wings fully developed . , Bembidium.

Wings atrophied,

Eyes well developed Nesocidium.

Eyes reduced or absent Nesomicrops and Macranillus.

Thorax with one pair of setae or none,

With one pair placed at the hind angles Atelidiunu

With no setae Metrocidhim,

Tachys is not included in this table. The species have a deficient complement of

striae, one of which is peculiarly recurved behind ; and the front tibiae are not straight

externally.

Gnatholymnaeum, gen. nov.

Trophi elongati ; mandibulae et maxillae pertenues. Maxillarum lobus externus
valde elongatus, integer, ad basin vix divisus. Oculi parvi. Elytra sulcata. Corpus
apterum.

This very abnormal form of Bembidiid is remarkable for the sharp and slender long
mandibles (Plate VII. fig. 25) which have very little power of movement. The division
of the external lobe of the maxilla is rather incomplete, and is indicated only by a very
oblique suture near the base. The insect has the facies of Trechus quite as much as it
has of Bembidumty but it is completely connected with the latter genus by means of
Nesolymnaetim, which looks quite like a flat Bembidium. The genus should be placed
at the beginning of the Bembidiides, near Lymnaeum.

(i) Gnatholymnaeum blackburni^ sp. nov.
Rufo-piceus, elytrorum plaga posteriore palpis pedibusque testaceis, antennis rufo-
obscuris, basi dilutiore ; elytris sulcatis. Long. 4^ mm.
Plate VII. figs. 18& 25.

COLEOPTERA 277

Antennae rather long and slender. Head with two large but not definitely limited,
longitudinal and parallel impressions ; eyes small but borne on prominences of the genae.
Thorax strongly transverse, a little rounded at the sides, minutely sinuate at the hind
angles so as to prevent these from being obtuse; median channel prolonged to the base;
on each side at the base a large and deep depression limited externally in front by
a slight plica. Elytra parallel-sided, with a patch of paler colour (variable in extent) at
or close to the tip ; each with seven grooves (in addition to the one contiguous with
the lateral margin), the interstices rather narrow at their summits, the third with two
minute impressions. Legs rather long. Five specimens.

I have much pleasure in naming this interesting form after my friend the Rev. T.
Blackburn, now of Adelaide, but formerly of Honolulu ; it was owing to his exertions
that attention was first directed to Hawaiian entomology.

Hab. Kauai (Perkins).

Nesolymnaeum, gen. nov.

Mandibulae et maxillae elongatae, subrectae. Maxillae lobo externo prope basin
diviso. Oculi mediocres. Elytra regulariter punctato-striata, striis octo fere integris.
Corpus alatum.

This insect has the facies of a Bembidmnt but it is nearer to Lymnaemn, The
impressions on the front of the head are rather more like grooves than they are in
Lymnaeum, but not so groove-like as they are in Bembidium, The slender trophi are
much like those of Gnatholymnaeum, and the lobe of the maxilla is conspicuously trans-
versely divided near the base ; the elongation and straightening of the inner lobes, and
their denticulation, are not quite so perfect as in Gnatkolymnaetim, and the tips of the
mandibles are rather less dagger-like. The basal joint of the front tarsus of the male is
much enlarged, and both it and the second joint have the interno-distal angle so much
prolonged as to be spinose. The thoracic setae are normal, viz. two on each side. The
wings appear to be fully developed.

(i) Nesolymnaeum sptirciim, Blackburn.

Bembidium spurcum Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvn, 1881, p. 228.

The longer trophi distinguish this from all the other forms of Bembidiides except
Gnatholymnaeum, and from that the black colour and delicately striate elytra separate it
at once.

I have seen only two specimens of this species, besides Mr Blackburn's type.

Hab. Oahu, Molokai, Maui. Molokai, June 1892 (Perkins). Oahu, Waialua
mountains 1902 (Koebele). Haleakala, 4000 ft. (Blackburn).

2 78 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Bembidium Latreille.

This is an enormous genus, and as regards exotic forms is but little known.
Its European members have however been extensively studied and distributed in
numerous subgenera. Mr Blackburn placed two of the Hawaiian species in the
European subgenera Notaphus and Lopka, But I cannot follow him in this course.
One of our species, B, teres, comes sufficiently near to the subgenus Synechostictus to
warrant its location there. A second species, B, pacificum, comes near to B, nor-
mannufu of the subgenus Emphanes^ and I associate it therewith and accompany it
with a second species that appears to me to be closely allied. B, ignicola Blackburn, is
perhaps allied.

Though I place Bembidium advena here, it has but little relation to any of the
others. Only one specimen of it has been found, and I expect that when it can be
investigated it will be found to form another peculiar, possibly flightless genus,
allied to Nesocidium, This insect has not the peculiarity of the head I refer to in
connection with B, pacificum, and at present may be treated as more allied to B,
{Synechostictus) teres,

(i) Bembidium {Synechostictus) teres, Blackburn.

Bembidium {Lopha) teres Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. 1881, p. 229.

This species has remarkably flat elytra ; this, in conjunction with the normally
short trophi, the striate elytra, and the thorax strongly narrowed behind, will lead
to its identification. The length is about 5 mm.

Hab. Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui ; apparently scarce (Blackburn, Perkins).

(2) Bembidium [Synechostictus ?) advena, sp. no v.

Subdepressum, fusco-aeneum, antennis nigris, basi, palpis, pedibus elytrisque flavis,
his nigro-pictis. Long. 3^ mm.

Plate VII. fig. 19.

Antennae dark, with the first two joints and base of the third yellow. Head very
short, eyes moderate, frontal grooves quite parallel, intra-orbital setae approximate, the
surface dull metallic. Thorax transverse, greatly narrowed behind, so that the base is
narrow, the surface golden, with a peculiar very fine sculpture, a sort of chasing, making
it dull, except in the middle where it is a little shining. The median channel distinct.
Elytra not elongate, rather parallel-sided, the shoulders obliquely rounded, the disc very
distinctly quadrifoveolate ; each with seven well-marked striae, continued to near the
tip, with faint indications of punctuation, the very fine lateral margin is black, and there
is an angular patch of dark purple-black colour at each side, and a transverse, black,
common one before the apex. Legs pale yellow. Male with two basal joints of front
tarsi dilated, and spinose at the interno-anterior angle. One specimen.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft, April 1894 (Perkins).

COLEOPTERA

279

(3) Bembidium [Emphanes) pacificum, Blackburn.

Bembidium {Lopka) pacificum Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 157.

This species is of a brassy colour above, with yellow marks on the elytra. It
is readily distinguished from Syneckostictus by the deep clypeal suture which causes
the front part of the upper surface of the head to look much more uneven. I have
seen only half a dozen examples.

It would not be difficult to imagine this species to be the progenitor of B, molo-
kaiense, and the allied forms of Nesocidium.

Hab. Kauai, Oahu. **Oahu, not rare, but very local, though found in several
localities ; it generally occurs running on damp ground" (Blackburn). Kauai, Mountains,
Waimea, 4000 ft., May 1894 (Perkins).

(4) Bembidium {Emphanes) ignicola, Blackburn.

Bembidium ignicola Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, P- ^<^9-

I have seen only the specimen in the British Museum, Mr Blackburn's type. It

apparently comes somewhat near both B. pacificum and B, molokaiense. It is smaller

and darker than B, pacificum and very deeply sculptured.

Hab. Hawaii. One specimen, Kilauea ; '' I almost burned my fingers in
securing it " (Blackburn).

(5) Bembidium {Emphanes) molokaiense, sp. nov.

Nigrum, supra plus minusve viridi-micans, antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-testa-
ceis, antennis extrorsum fuscescentibus ; prothorace transverso ; elytris versus basin
subplanatis, ibidemque late bi-impressis ; fortiter seriatim punctatis, dimidio apicali im-
punctato, perpolito. Long. 2f — 3 mm.

Plate VII. fig. 23, wing.

Variable. Like Nesocidiwn laeticMlu7n, but possessing perfectly developed wings ;
in addition to this none of the examples from Molokai agree with that species, which is
a native of Kauai. The shape is slightly narrower and more elongate, the colour
less brilliant, and the punctures in the striae a little smaller, so that there are generally
12 or 13 in the outer or subhumeral one ; this is however variable and of little importance,
but the more elongate after-body enables most of the specimens before me to be
distinguished from N, laeticulum.

I have examined the wings (Plate VII. fig, 23) in nearly all the eighteen individuals.

They are constant in size, but appear to vary a little as regards the distinctness of the

nervures. A variety occurs in which there is a vague but large yellow patch on each

wing-case before the tip. Fourteen of the specimens I have seen were found on

F. H. III. 36

28o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Molokai, two come from Maui, and two from Kauai. Apart from the fully developed
wings these two Kauai examples appear to me to be indistinguishable from Nesocidium
laeticulum.

Hab. Molokai. On several occasions in May and June, 1893, i^94 ^^^ ^896, in
May and June, 4000 ft. (Perkins).— Maui, Haleakala 5000 ft., April 10, 1894 (Perkins,
one specimen, No. 369); W. Maui, 1902 (Koebele, one specimen). — Kauai, Mountains,
Waimea, June 1894, one specimen, October 1895, c>ne specimen (Perkins).

Nesocidium, gen. nov.

Alae vestigiales. Caput brevissimum. Prothorax utrinque setis duabus munitus.

This genus consists of ten species that are flightless, but have the full complement
of thoracic setae. These forms are very varied and include some most aberrant Bem-
bidiids. The metallic species however are generically distinguishable from Bembidium
molokaiense only by the wings being vestigial. In the case of all the species except
N. laeticulum this degradational character is pretty certainly complete and invariable ;
but in the case of N. laeticulum I believe this character loses its value, and I cannot
refrain from suggesting that this species is dimorphic, and that the Kauai examples I have
placed under B. molokaiense are sports, or reversional forms of N, laeticulum.

Section i. Corpus supra metallescens. Elytra quadri-impressa.
The anterior impressions are large in all the species except N, koebelei. The
posterior impressions differ, according to the species, in distinctness.

(i) Nesocidium laeticulum, sp. nov.

Nigrum, supra auratum, vel viridi-auratum, antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-testa-
ceis, antennis extrorsum fuscescentibus ; prothorace fortiter transverso ; elytris versus
basin subplanatis, ibidemque late bi>impressis ; fortiter seriatim punctatis, dimidio apicali
impunctato, perpolito. Long. 2^ — 2| mm.

Plate VII. figs. 20 & 24.

This pretty little insect has the thorax strongly transverse, and with very little
sculpture in front of its obscure basal margin ; it is very strongly transverse, the sides
greatly rounded and much narrowed behind, and the hind angles are prevented from
being obtuse by a sinuation that occurs close to them. The elytra are rather short and
broad, with seven series of punctures on the basal part ; the sutural series is continued
as an impressed stria to the tip of the wing, the other series gradually become shorter,
so that the outer one consists of not more than six or eight punctures just behind
and outside the shoulder : the anterior impression on each is large and more or less
affects three of the series of punctures and interstices ; the posterior impression easily
escapes notice, being merely a puncture placed on the third interstice. About fifty
specimens.

COLEOPTERA 281

I have examined the vestigial wings of 18 individuals, and find them to be un-
usually variable. They are never in the extremely reduced condition that is attained
in many of the Anchomenides, but are always longer than the metanotum ; the smallest
vestige is about *4 mm. long, the largest is about 1*2 mm. long; the majority of speci-
mens are intermediate but there are three which do not depart very much from the
smallest dimension, and there is one that nearly equals the most extreme specimen in
the other direction. The individual with the vestige the largest is a specimen of a blue
variety, taken at Waimea mountains, Kauai, 4000 ft., May 1894; the specimen that
comes nearest to it is the only one of the species that has been found on Maui, Halea-
kala, 5000 ft., May 1894. Another specimen of the Kauai blue variety, the same
locality and date as the other, has the vestiges only -6 mm. long, or considerably less
than the average. All the specimens are from Kauai except the one individual men-
tioned above as found on Haleakala. It is possible that this may prove to belong to
another species, as it is in colour, sculpture and form nearer to Bembidium molokatense
than are any of the Kauai specimens. The vestiges appear also to be variable in shape,
though it is difficult to estimate this as they are often crumpled. The vestige figured
(Plate VII. fig. 24) is narrower than that of any other example. In examining this
series I found two specimens with the wings fully developed, and I have therefore
separated them from this genus and placed them in Bembidium, I shall not however
be surprised if this winged form prove to be a discontinuous variation of A^. laeticulum.
If so, we have in N. laeticnbim a species variable as regards the development of the
wings in Kauai, and represented in Molokai by an extremely similar form, having the
wings always well developed. The material is not however sufficient for final
conclusions.

Hab, Kauai, Maui. Mountains, Waimea, 4000 ft., May 1894; Koholuamano,
4000 ft., April 1895. — Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft., June 10, 1894; one specimen
(Perkins).

(2) Nesocidium lahaineitse, sp. nov.

Nigrum, supra subviridi-micans, antennis pedibusque fusco-rufis, illarum basi
femoribusque dilutioribus ; elytris quadri-impressis, fortiter punctato-striatis, parte
apicali laevigata, perpolita. Long. 2f mm.

Very near N. laetimlum, but dark in colour, the striae or grooves of the elytra
deeper, and the posterior pair of impressions larger. The elytra are a little narrower
across the shoulders, so as to make some approach to N. smaragdinum.

I have examined the wings of the only two specimens that have been obtained of
this species and find that they are reduced to small vestiges.

Hab. Maui. Lahaina (Koebele).

36—2

282 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(3) Nesocidium smaragdinum, sp, no v.

Angustum, convexum, nigrum, supra laetissime viridi-micans, antennis pedibusque
fusco-rufis ; elytris angustis, humeris nulHs, profunde quadri-impressis, fortiter punctato-
striatis, parte apicali laevigata. Long, vix 3 mm.

At first sight similar to N. laeticulum, but undoubtedly distinct, by the form of the
elytra, and by the four deep impressions thereon. The basal constriction or neck of the
thorax is quite distinct, and the elytra at the shoulders are gently and gradually rounded
off. Seven specimens.

Hab. Molokai. Mountains, 4500 ft, in June (Perkins).

(4) Nesocidium fulgenSy sp. nov.

Angustum, convexum, piceum, supra laetissime viride, antennarum basi pedibusque
flavis, antennis extrorsum obscuris ; elytris angustis, humeris nullis, profunde quadri-
impressis, fortissime punctato-striatis, dimidio apicali laevigato. Long. 2^ mm.

Differs from A^. smaragdimtnt by the clear yellow legs, and the more deeply grooved
elytra ; the head and thorax are slightly narrower, the latter has the surface slightly
strigose transversely ; on the other hand the elytra are not quite so narrow as in
N. smaragdinmn. Six specimens.

Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft, May 1893 ^^^ June 1896 (Perkins).

(5) Nesocidium koebelei, sp. nov.

Angustum, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, supra nigro-aeneum, antennarum basi
pedibusque fusco-rufis ; elytris, basi haud depressa, quadri-punctatis, punctis fere aequa-
libus, preterea fortiter punctato-striatis, dimidio apicali laevigato. Long. 2f mm.

This differs from the allied species, by the less flat base of the elytra, and by the
anterior impressions thereon being smaller, interrupting only the third interstice. The
thorax has a distinct constriction at the base, forming a short neck ; the elytra are narrow
and have no shoulders. One specimen.

We are indebted to Mr Albert Koebele for the discovery of this species.

Hab. Oahu, Mountains near Honolulu, 2000 — 3000 ft., 1897 (Koebele).

Section 2. Corpus superne haud metallicum ; elytra interdum parum perspicue
quadri-impressa.

(6) Nesocidium perkinsi, sp. nov.

Piceum, capite rufo, antennarum basi, pedibus elytrorumque maculis quatuor flavis ;
elytris profunde striatis, striis in parte basali fortiter punctatis, apicem versus desinenti-
bus. Long. 3 mm.

A very elegant and perfectly shaped insect ; the elytra exactly oval, each with a
large humeral and another pre-apical yellow mark, with broad, deep, perfect, striate

COLEOPTERA 283

sculpture at the base, the interstices between the striae quite narrow, very regular.
Eyes moderately large. Antennae with the basal three or four joints yellow, the rest a
little darker. Thorax small, straight in front, much narrowed behind, the hind angles
definite, not depressed, almost rectangular ; median channel definite. The striation of
the elytra is wanting on the apical portion ; the third interstice is interrupted by two
punctures of about equal size, not minute. Two specimens.

I have much pleasure in naming this elegant little creature after Mr Perkins. It is
rare to find the precinctive Hawaiian forms possessed of perfected details as is the case
with N. perkinsi\ its form recalls the perfect oudines and sculpture of some of the
larger, apterous Carabidae found in various continental regions ; there is a wide gap
between it and any other Hawaiian species, nevertheless I think it may be placed in
Nesocidium satisfactorily.

Hab. Kauai. Koholuamano, 4000 ft., April 1895 (Perkins).

(7) Nesocidium rude, sp. nov.

Piceum, capite rufo, antennarum articulo primo pedibusque flavis, elytris testaceis,
plaga magna discoidali communi picea, striato-sulcatis, sulcis indistincte punctatis.
Long. 2f— 3 mm.

Plate VH. fig. 21.

Antennae rather longer and stouter than in the allied forms. Thorax small,
constricted at the base, the hind angles rectangular, median channel deep, transverse
anterior impression present. Elytra ovate, deeply striate, the striae broad, indistinctly
punctured, becoming vague behind, but still perceptible near the tip, third interstice
with two rather large punctures. The colour pallid, with a large dark patch, vague
in front, but definite behind, where it comes to a point on the suture a little before
the tip. Legs clear yellow. Four examples.

This is certainly allied to N, perkinsi, though it looks almost as clumsy as that
species does elegant.

Hab. Kauai. High plateau, August 1896 (Perkins).

(8) Nesocidium corticarium, sp, nov.

Elongatum, convexiusculum, nitidum, fulvo-rufum, antennis palpis pedibusque
testaceis ; elytris elongatis, quadri-impressis, ad basin punctato-striatis. Long. 2f mm.

This species is concolorous, with only the legs and base of the antennae paler.
The eyes are rather small. The thorax is much narrowed behind, and slightly sinuate
just at the hind angles, which are nearly rectangular ; the median channel and the
anterior impression are obsolete. The elytra are elongate ovate, with six striae, or
rather series of punctures, the sutural stria is entire, the outer striae are very short, the

284 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

sixth consisting only of three or four rather indistinct punctures ; the pair of impressions
on the third interstice small Five specimens.

Similar in size and shape to Nesocidium koebeleiy but readily distinguished by the
colour and the smaller eyes.

Hab. Kauai. Mountains, Waimea, 4000 ft., June 1894; Koholuamano, April
1895 (Perkins).

(9) Nesocidiu7n atomarium, sp. nov.

Nigrum, antennarum articulo basali pedibusque sordide rufis ; prothorace vix
transverso ; elytris ovatis, convexis, seriatim parce punctatis, parte apicall impunctata.
Long. 2^ mm.

Distinguished from N, corticarium by the shorter form, the black colour, and the
convex elytra. The antennae are obscure red, with the basal joint red. Thorax not
much more than half as broad as the elytra, much narrowed behind, canaliculate on the
middle ; the systematic setae long. Elytra very convex, greatly rounded, with similar
abbreviated series of punctures, but even more reduced.

Hab. Oahu. Mountains near Honolulu (Koebele). On Pipturus, back of
Tantalus, August T900 (Perkins).

(10) Nesocidium scydmaenoides, sp. nov.

Minutum, baud latum, rufuluni, nitidum ; prothorace vix transverso ; elytris seriebus
paucis et valde abbreviatis punctorum. Long. 2-| mm.

Smaller than M. atomarium, narrower, dark red, unicolorous, and distinguishable
from all its congeners by the narrow head with small eyes. The thorax is narrow, very
shining, extremely finely canaliculate along the middle, moderately narrowed behind,
enlarged just sufficiently at the hind angle to bear the seta. Elytra narrowly oval,
convex, with a sutural stria extending to the tip and outside this with three other series,
extremely abbreviated so that the outer consists only of about seven or eight rather
obscure punctures. One male specimen.

Hab. Oahu. Ridge north of Nuuanu Valley, 2000 ft, October 25, 1892
(Perkins).

Atelidium, gen. nov.

Corpus apterum, breve, convexum. Caput brevissimum. Thorax utrinque seta
unica ad angulum basalem sita. Oculi mediocres.

This extraordinary little Bembidiid is much more obese than any of the species of
Nesociditim, and is readily distinguished by the absence of the anterior of the two
thoracic setae. The striation of the elytra extends considerably nearer to the tip than
it does in Nesocidium.

COLEOPTERA 285

(i) Atelidium munroi, sp. nov.

Breve, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, supra fusco-aeneo-micans, elytrorum apice
maculaque humerali, pedibus, antennarumque basi testaceis ; elytris sulcatis, sulcis ad
apicem abbreviatis, obscure punctatis. Long. 3 mm.

Plate VI L fig. 22.

This is of a peculiar coloration, the upper surface having a faint metallic tinge, a
spot at the shoulder and the tip being rather vaguely yellow. The thorax is transverse,
slightly sinuate at the sides just at the hind angles, so that these may be described as
rectangular denticles, the seta is placed as near as possible to the angle ; the median
channel is distinct ; close to each hind angle there is a fovea, and between this and the
median channel another depression. Elytra ovate, broad, short and convex, each with
rather deep and broad striae, which are more or less distinctly punctate ; they extend a
good deal beyond the middle but not to the tip ; the seventh is very short. Fourteen
specimens.

Named in honour of Mr G. C. Munro, formerly of Kauai, who gave Mr Perkins
much assistance in his work.

Hab. Kauai. Mountains, Waimea and Koholuamano, 4000 ft. (Perkins).

Metrocidium, gen, nov.

Corpus apterum, breve, convexum. Thorax absque setis erectis.
The genus resembles Atelidium, but is readily distinguished by the absence of
thoracic setae.

(i) Metrocidium brevicolley sp. nov.

Piceo-ferrugineum, supra capite .et thorace subaenescentibus, antennarum basi
pedibusque testaceis ; elytris rufo-obscuris, apice pallidiore, punctato-sulcatis. Long.
2\ mm.

Similar to Atelidium munroi, rather narrower, with the elytra paler and more
concolorous, more deeply sculptured. Thorax strongly transverse, much narrowed
behind, and there with a distinct, short constriction, the hind angles rectangular ; the
median channel distinct, the lateral margin normal ; on each side with a deep, narrow,
curvate impression close to the hind angle, and between this and the middle, with some
less definite impressions in front of the base. Elytra very convex, covered with regular,
deep, broad striae, which are distinctly punctate and extend much beyond the middle,
though they leave the pallid apex unsculptured. Five specimens.

Hab. Kauai. Mountains, Waimea, 4000 ft. (Perkins).

286 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(2) Metrocidium admirandum^ sp. nov.

Latum, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis ; elytris
pallidis, plaga maxima communi nigricante, profunda regulariter punctato-sulcatis ; pro-
thorace fortiter transverse, polito, margine laterali abnormaliter elevata. Long. 3^ mm.

This little insect is one of the most remarkable of the Hawaiian Carabidae. The
antennae are rather dusky red at the base, becoming darker towards the extremity.
Thorax strongly transverse, very polished and shining, with a slight brassy reflection,
the lateral margin remarkably broad and outstanding, the median channel distinct, the
sides much narrowed behind, the hind angles reflexed ; a very deep small depression
close to each, and some other inequalities about the base. Elytra very regularly oval,
beautifully sculptured, with broad, deep, punctate striae extending nearly to the tip :
the short supernumerary scutellar stria absent. Only one example has been discovered.

Hab. Kauai. High plateau, August 1896 (Perkins).

Nesomicrops, gen. nov.

Oculi subobsoleti, parvi, nigrantes. Caput angustum. Elytra Integra.

This genus and Macranillus offer a very interesting transition to the blind condition
exhibited by small Bembidiids in various parts of the world. They agree with Anilhis
in having the elytra entire, completely covering the after-body, and the affinities are
doubtless with the eyeless Anillus, rather than with the more numerous forms allied
to Scotodipnus, In Nesomicrops the small eyes are black, and imperfectly faceted ;
moreover under the microscope the pigment appears to be wanting here and there. The
mouth parts seem to be quite ordinary, the mandibles well-developed without any process
externally. The short frontal grooves are widely separated, the clypeus large, the
intraorbital setae normal. The thoracic setae are largely developed. The other parts
exhibit no peculiarity that is not also present in Nesocidium, The small forms of that
genus — N, scydmaenoides e.g. — are doubtless the nearest allies.

(i) Nesomicrops kauaiensis^ sp. nov,

Angustus, pallide ferrugineus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; elytris subtiliter
striatis, striis obsolete punctatis. Long. 2^ mm.

Antennae moderately long and stout, red, with the base paler. Thorax nearly as
long as broad, gently rounded at the sides and feebly sinuate at the hind angles, which
are minutely prominent to carry the seta ; the median channel is distinct, the anterior
impression obsolete, the surface depressed, adjacent to the hind angles, without punctua-
tion. Elytra long and narrow, rather dull, with feeble striae which become obsolete
behind except the sutural one, the pair of impressions on the third interstice present, the
anterior of the pair distinct, the posterior very small, placed just about the middle of the
length. Legs pallid, feeble. Four specimens.

Hab. Kauai. High plateau, August 1896 (Perkins).

COLEOPTERA 287

Macranillus, gen. nov.

Oculi vestigiales. Caput angustum. Elytra integra.

There is a marked difference between the eyes of this genus and those of Neso-
microps, and this induces me to separate the two, though no other differential characters
have been detected.

In Macranillus the eyes are not pigmented nor facetted, but are represented by
two small, smooth, slightly raised areas. The frontal grooves are longer than in
NesomtcropSy correlatively with a rather larger size of the head.

(i) Macranillus coecus, sp. nov.

Ferrugineus, elytris subtiliter striato-punctatis. Long. 2f mm.

This insect is more robustly formed than Nesomicrops katcaiensis, and has the
elytra less pointed behind, and more definitely punctate. The antennae are stout, dark
red in colour, the base paler. The thorax is slightly transverse, not greatly narrower
than the elytra, otherwise formed much as in A^. kauaiensis, the lateral margins rather
stronger, the median channel fine. Elytra a little shining, the striation rather less
developed than in N, kauaiensis, but the punctures a little more distinct. Legs red,
rather stout. One specimen.

Hab, Kauai. High plateau, August 1896 (Perkins).

Tachys Stephens.

The species of this genus are of comparatively little interest. It is doubtful whether
they are really precinctive. They are most obscure, minute insects of a kind that occurs
in various other parts of the world.

(i) Tachys oahuensis, Blackburn.

Tachys oahuensis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 158.

Hab. Oahu. Not uncommon on salt marshes near the sea (Blackburn).

(2) Tachys arcajiicola, Blackburn.

Tachys arcanicola Blackburn, 1, c.

Hab. Oahu. Very local, but not rare ; under bark in some mountain localities, at
an elevation of about 1500 ft. (Blackburn).

(3) Tachys atomus, Blackburn.
Tachys atomus Blackburn, 1. c.

Hab. Oahu. Not rare, in moss, in mountain localities, at an elevation of about
1500 ft. (Blackburn).

F. H. III. 17

288 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

(4) Tachys mucescens, Blackburn,

Tachys mucescens Blackburn, 1. c.

Hab. Oahu. Unique ; in decaying vegetable matter on the plains of Honolulu
(Blackburn),

Group LEBIIDES.

The two forms of this group have very little claim to belong to the Hawaiian
Fauna. Plochionus pallens appears however to be naturalised, though apparently it
does not extend its range.

Plochionus Dejean.

( I ) Plochionus pallens, Fabricius.

Carabus pallens Fabricius, Syst Ent (1775) p. 244.

Plochionus bonfilsii Dejean, Spec. Gen. i. p. 251.

Plochionus pallens Bates, Biol. Centr. Amen Col. i. pt 1, p. 198.

Hab. Mauai. Very rare (Blackburn, Perkins).

According to Bates this species is so widely distributed that its original home
cannot be determined. He says that it frequents the baggage of passengers, so that it
is no wonder that it is widely disseminated.

Sakonychium Blackburn.

(i) Saronychiufn inconspicuum Blackburn.

Saronychium inconspicuum Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 142.
Hab. Oahu. In Honolulu and on Konahuanui (Blackburn, 2 specimens).

Fam. DYTISCH)AE.

CoPELATUS Erichson.

(i) Copelatus pai^ouluSy Boisduval.

Colymbetes parvulus Boisduval, Voy. Astrolabe, Ent. p. 50,
Copelatus parvulus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) 11. p. 568.
Copelatus mauiensis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) iii. p. 120.

This small insect, of slender, parallel form, and dull, silky surface, 4 or 5 mm. in
length, cannot be confounded with the larger Rhantus pacificus, which is of oval outline
and 10 or 12 mm. in length.

C parvulus varies in colour, being sometimes blackish, sometimes dull ferruginous.
I am quite unable to distinguish C mauiensis as anything different from C. parvulus.

Hab. Oahu. — Lanai. — Molokai. — Maui,

COLEOPTERA 289

Rhantus Lacordaire.

Colymbetes pacificus Boisduval, Voy. Astrolabe i. p. 50.

Rhantus pacificus Sharp, Tn Dublin Soc. (2) 11. (1882), p. 607.

When dealing with this species, I c;, I stated that it varied so much that there
might be two species. I had then only two specimens, and even at present I have seen
only seven or eight ; perhaps the difference in the specimens may be chiefly sexual for
the male appears to be considerably larger than the female.

Hab. Kauai. — Oahu. — Lanai. — Molokai. — Maui. — Hawaii. — Probably all the
islands (Blackburn),

§ 3. Bionomical notes.

The following notes are in larger part gathered from correspondence that has been
carried on with Mr Perkins during the preparation of this paper. As the information
they give is of considerable interest I think it well to publish them. It will be seen that
notwithstanding the small variety of structure that exists in the Hawaiian Carabidae the
habits are singularly varied. In other words differentiation of habits has been up to the
present greater than that of structure. This is quite in conformity with the views I have
briefly expressed on p. i 79. The doctrine, that differentiation of function precedes, on
the whole, that of structure, was expressed by Herbert Spencer many years ago. The
remark made on p. 291 by Mr Perkins as to Colpodisais lucipetetts is an exemplification
of the same idea.

The quotation marks indicate the words of Mr Perkins. They were not intended
for publication, but, as I have already said, they appear to me to be of so much
interest that I take the liberty of printing them. His remarks refer chiefly to species of
the Anchomenides, but we may hope that he will give us further information about
Pterostichides and Bembidiides on some future occasion.

Blackburnia, p. 191, ** Apparently found only under stones."

Deropristtts, p, 192. *' Never under stones, only beneath wood or fern-trunks."
Mr Blackburn is said to have found the unique specimen of Z?. blaptoides under stones.

At7^achycneinis^, p. 193. *' Like Deropristus, never under stones."

Pseudobroscus, p. 196. '* Under stones. Certainly very rare; everything has to
be exactly right as to position of rock, dampness, etc., for this insect."

Anchotefflus, p. 195. The two species are terrestrial ; A. elegans occurs under
logs ; gracilis under stones, Mr Perkins believes.

Mauna, p. 200. This is also terrestrial, living under stones.

* On p. 195 I have expressed a doubt as to whether this genus is really found in the island of Hawaii.
Mr Perkins has now informed me that it is not. The home of A. koebelei is W. Maui.

17— -2-

290 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

Derobroscus and Brosconymus, pp. 197, 198. Though these insects are most
difficult to procure it is probable that they are, or have been, really abundant, and
that their habits protect them against the collector. Of the four species Mr Perkins
has only been able to find eight specimens during his ten years in the islands. Mr
Blackburn, who worked principally in Oahu — the only island on which these forms
occur — did not discover their existence. Unlike the preceding genera, all of which
are terrestrial, the species of Derobroscus and Brosconymits are arboreal in habits,
living for the most part concealed in holes or in the twigs, and extending apparently
to any part of the tree that is suitable in its condition. This habit has not pre-
viously been recorded for Carabidae, though it is not improbable that it may be
subsequently discovered to occur not infrequently in tropical forests.

Though this habit (combined with the possibility that these insects may be partially
nocturnal in their activities^) protects the Derobroscus from the collector, it has failed
to afford them a perfect protection from birds ; of which indeed they appear to be
a favourite food " I think it fair to assume that the bird, Oreomyza macelata, finds
plenty of the green Carabid. I shot four of these birds (two pairs), each pair
widely separated — some miles at least. All of these had [in the alimentary canal] many
fragments, thoraces and abdominal segments of one of these green Carabids (either
Derobroscus or Brosconymus, probably D, politus). In no case were elytra present, and
I am sure the bird tears them off before swallowing the beetle." Derob7^oscus micans
apparently lives beneath tightly-fitting bark with other more commonplace Carabids.
^' D, politus and Brosconymtis live in deep, small cavities in branches of trees or in the
pith cavity of some dead branch, and they are naturally extremely difficult to find.
I have reason to believe that they largely frequent high branches of tall Koa trees
(judging from my extensive observations of Oreomyza), and that my captures from
the lower branches were merely stragglers. Oreomyza will go over a Koa tree good
for these beetles again and again : a small company (a pair or perhaps as many as
eight individuals) is sure to be replaced by another such company many times a day,
and they go over every crack and hole of the higher branches in the most methodical
manner." It is very remarkable that these arboreal forms should be quite flightless.

Disenockus, p. 200, Some of the species are terrestrial, some arboreal. D, ano-
mains lives under stones ; D. bi^evipes, cephalotes, fiavitarsis, longipes and fractus are
all arboreal, the first four are found only in the moss on the trees, the last in holes.

AnchonymuSy p. 199. I have already recorded that this species forms a **lead " to
Derobroscus ; it lives under the bark, or in the holes, of trees.

ChalcomenuSy p. 206. These winged forms are all terrestrial. **The Kauai species

^ Although it would appear probable that Carabidae, so much sought by birds, should be active only at
night, the comparatively brilliant colour of these Carabids suggests diurnal habits.

COLEOPTERA 291

under logs only (I think) ; the others always under stones, and they sometimes range
abroad in daylight, especially the Molokai species."

Barypristus, p. 208. '* B, rupicola under rocks. B, incendiarius subarboreal ;
generally under bark of Koa, very low down, near the ground ; or near the ground under
bark. Sometimes under a detached Koa limb on the ground."

BaryneuSy p. 209. This fully- winged form is " truly arboreal, and especially fond
of Koa, and is found under the bark, or in hollows in branches, sometimes in the top-
most twigs. Female seen ovipositing in the daytime in chinks of the bark of Koa."

Colpodisciis lucipetens, p. 210. " In West Maui, under stones on bank of stream,
but in Olaa, Hawaii, generally under logs or fallen fern-stems, or decayed vegetable
matter. Might become modified for this reason into two, quite credibly."

Prodisenochus, p. 210. *' Terrestrial ; logs or wood, very particular as to soil,
conditions of dampness, etc., like Atrachycnemis and others, perhaps even more so."

MysticomeuMS, p. 212. Under bark, as far as Mr Perkins has observed M, tibialis.

Colpocaccus tantalus, p. 214. *' Under bark of Koa commonly, at bases of the
leaves of Freycinetia, under stones in wet places and in decaying vegetable matter.
Very curious, compared with most of the other Carabids. The other species of this
genus are probably more or less indiscriminate in their choice."

Metromenus, p. 231. In this genus the habits also vary according to the species.
*^Some are found only under bark, others only at the bases of the leaves of lilies,
Freycinetia ; others purely terrestrial under stones or logs. A few species of this genus
and oi Mesothriscus are irregular in habits, like Colpocaccus^

Pterostichides, p. 243. The species are generally either purely arboreal or purely
terrestrial. It is worthy of note that a very large proportion of Mr Perkins specimens
of certain species of Mecyclothorax were taken on one occasion near the summit of
Haleakala. M, pusillus, rusticus, micans and sitbconstrictus were then procured in
numbers. These are very closely allied forms, and the distinction of the species has in
this case nothing to do with geographical segregation.

292 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS

§ 4. List of works relating to Hawaiian Oaraboidea
(arranged chronologically).

It may be pointed out that in 1835 only three species were known ; and that in the
period of 42 years between that date and 1877 no advance whatever was made.

1. Erichson, W. F. [in] Meyens' Beitrage zur Zoologie, gesammelt auf eine Reise um die Erde, Acta

Ac. Germanica, xvi. suppl. (1834), pp. 219 — 284.
Anckomenus corruscus^ n. sp.

2. BoiSDuVAL, J. A, Faune de rOceanie. Voyage de I' Astrolabe, Zoologie, n. (1835).

Colymbetes parvulus and C, pacificus^ n. spp.

3. Blackburn, T. Characters of a new genus, and descriptions of new species, of Geodephaga from

the Sandwich Islands. Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, pp. 142 — 148.
gen. n. Saronychiuvi, and 16 new species of Anchomenides.

4. Sharp, D. Description of a new species probably indicating a new genus of Anchomenidae, from

the Sandwich Islands. Tom. cit. pp. 179, 180.
Blackbtirnia insigjiis.

5. Blackburn, T, Characters of new genera and descriptions of new species of Geodephaga from the

Hawaiian Islands, n. Op. cit. xv. 1878, pp. 119 — 123, 156 — 158.
Atrac/iycne7niSj Disenochus, n, genn. Twenty-five new spp.

5. . [As above.] UL Op. cit. xvl 1879, pp. 104 — 109,

Eight n. spp. Observations on characters of Anchomenides.

>7. ^ — . [As above ] iv. Op. cit. xvl 1880, pp. 226 — 229.
Seven n. spp.

8. Karsch, F. Zur Kaferfauna der Sandwich-, Marshall- und Gilberts-Inseln. Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr.

XXV. 1881, pp. 1 — 13, pi. L

Describes and figures five species of Carabidae from Maui as new. These are discussed by
Blackburn (cf. No. 9), who considers them all synonyms. But this must remain doubtful till
the types have been examined.

9. Blackburn, T. [As above.] v. Ent. Mo. Mag. xix. 1882, pp. 62 — 64.

Cydothorax karschi^ n. sp. ; and observations on Karsch's paper (8) with synonymy.

10. Sharp, I). On some genera of the subfamily Anchomenini (Platynini Horn) from the Hawaiian

Islands. Op. cit. xx. 1884, pp. 217 — 219.
Revision of the genera : three n. genn.

11. Blackburn, T. Notes on some Hawaiian Carabidae. Op. cit. xxl 1884, pp. 25, 26.

Mauna, n. gen.

12. & Sharp, D. Memoirs on the Coleoptera of the Hawaiian Islands. Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) in.

(1885), pp. 119^290, pi. IV.

Copelatus matiiensis, n, sp. Systematic catalogue and topographical table. Figures of Black-
burnia insigftis, Mysticomenus mysticuSy Colpodiscus lucipetens^ Metromenus fossipemiis, Mecyclo-
thorax multiptmctatus,^ Metrothorax scaritoides.

DESCRIPTION OF PLATE VL (VOL. III.)
COLEOPTERA. CARABIDAE.

Fig. I. Deropristus puncticeps^ with right elytron expanded showing the small vestigial wing; at side

a fragment showing sculpture of disc of elytron.
Baryneus sharply with elytron and the fully-developed wing expanded.
Atrachycnemis sharpi; to left fragment showing sculpture of elytron.
Anchotefflus gracilis ; to left fragment showing sculpture of elytron.
Pseudobroscus ienius \ to left fragment showing sculpture of elytron.
Disenochus aterrimus \ to right fragment showing sculpture of elytron.
Barypristus incendtarius : the angles of prothorax are rather too prominent.
Anchonymus agonoides.
Mauna frigida.
Metromenus sphodriformis.
Mecostonius perkinsi.
Elytra of Mecydothorax montivagus^ seen outside and inside, showing the '* fault " on the margin

characteristic of Pterostichides.
Hind foot of Metromenus pavidus \ outer side showing tarsal grooves x 15.
Tarsus oi Metromenus aequalis x 17, a upper, b lower face,
Baryneus sharply posterior tarsus, x ~y^-, a upper, b lower face.
Colpodiscus lucipetensj posterior tarsus, x jo, a upper, b lower face.
Metromenus mutabilis^ posterior tarsus, x 15, ^ upper, b lower face.
M, fraudator^ vestigial wing, x 6.

M. sphodriformis from Haleakala, vestigial wing, x 6; 19^, same of specimen from Molokai.
Apteromesus maculatus, vestigial wing, x 6 (this is a little too broad).
Barypristus incendtarius ^ vestigial wing x 3.
Chalcomenus costatus, wing x 3.
Barypristus rupicola, vestigial wings x 3, showing the variation a, b, c, d.

Fig.

2.

Fig.

3-

Fig.

4.

Fig.

5-

Fig.

6.

Fig.

7-

Fig.

8.

Fig.

9-

Fig.

10.

Fig.

II.

Fig.

12.

Fig.

13-

Fig.

14.

Fig.

15-

Fig.

16.

Fig.

17.

Fig.

18.

Fig.

19.

Fig.

20.

Fig.

21.

Fig.

22.

Fig.

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DESCRIPTION OF PLATE VII. (VOL. III.)
COLEOPTERA. CARABIDAE,

Derobroscus micans.

Mesothriscus abax.

Mecydothorax palustris^ prothorax.

J/, pusillus,

M. bradycellinus,

M, ovipennis,

M. amaroides.

Thriscothorax perstriatus,

Ts constrictus.

T. insoUtus.

T. paradoxus,

T. apicalis,

T, perkinsi.

T, ducalis.

T, platysminus.

Metrothorax molops.

M, rotundicollis.

Gnatholymnaeum blackburni (cf. fig. 25).

Bembidium advena,

Nesocidium laeticuhim (cf. fig. 24).

N. rude,

Atelidium munroL

Wing of Bembidium molokaiense.

Vestigial wing of Nesocidium laeticulum,

Trophi of Gnatholymnaeum blackburni^ seen from below : a^ the tusk-like mandibles.

All the figures on this plate (except the separated portions) are magnified on the same scale, viz. x 4.

Fig.

I.

Fig-

2.

Fig.

3-

Fig.

4-

Fig.

S-

Fig.

6.

Fig.

7-

Fig.

8.

Fig.

9-

Fig.

10.

Fig.

II.

Fig.

12.

Fig.

13-

Fig.

14.

Fig.

IS-

Fig.

16.

Fig.

17-

Fig.

18.

Fig.

19.

Fig.

20.

Fig.

21.

Fig.

22.

Fig.

23-

Fig.

24.

Fig.

25-

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ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty
Islands and elsewhere, collected during the years 1895, 1896, and 1897, by
Arthur Willey, D.Sc. Lond., Hon. M.A. Cantab., Late Balfour Student of the
University of Cambridge. Demy 4to. Parts I, II, and III. Price 12^'. 6^. each.
Parts IV and V. Price 21^. each. Part VI (completing the work). Price 125. 6^.

PART L 1898.

1. The anatomy and development of Peripattis novae-britanniae. By Arthur WiLLEY, M.A., D.Sc.

With Plates L — IV. and 7 figures in the text.

2. Metaprotella sandalensis, n. sp. [Caprellidae]. By Dr PAUL MAYER. With 6 figures in the text.

3. On a little-known Sea-snake from the South Pacific. By G. A. BOULENGER, F.R.S.

With Plate V.

4. Report on the Centipedes and Millipedes. By R. I. POCOCK. With Plate VI.

5. Account of the Phasmidae with notes on the eggs. By D. SHARP, M.A., F.R.S.

With Plates VII.— IX.

6. Scorpions, Pedipalpi and Spiders. By R. I. PocoCK. With Plates X. and XI.

PART II. 1899.

7. Report on the specimens of the genus Millepora, By Sydney T. HiCKSON, M.A., D.Sc, P\R.S.

With Plates XIL— XVI.

8. Report on the Echinoderms (other than Holothurians). By F. JEFFREY BELL, M.A.

With figures on Plate XVII. and one figure in the text.

9. Holothurians. By F. P. BEDFORD, B.A. With figures on Plate XVI I.

10. Report on the Sipunculoidea. By ARTHUR E. Shipley, M.A. With Plate XVIII.

IL On the Solitary Corals. By J, STANLEY GARDINER, M.A. With figures on Plates XIX. and XX.

12. On the postembryonic development of Cydoseris. By J. STANLEY Gardiner, M.A.

With figures on Plates XIX. and XX.

13. On a collection of Earthworms. By P^rank E. Beddard, M.A., F.R.S. With Plate XXI.

14. The Gorgonacea. By ISA L. HiLES, B.Sc. With Plates XXII. and XXIIL

FART III. 1899.

15. Orthogenetic variation in the shells of Chelonia. By HANS Gadow, M.A., Ph.D., P^.R.S.

With Plates XXIV.— XXV. and one text-figure.

16. Enteropneusta from the South Pacific, with notes on the West Indian Species. By ARTHUR

Willey, D.Sc, Hon. M.A. Cantab. With Plates XXVL— XXXII. and seven text-figures.

17. On a collection of Hchiurids from the Loyalty Islands, New Britain and China Straits, with an attempt

to revise the group and to determine its geographical range. By ARTHUR E. SHIPLEY, M.A.
With Plate XXXIII.

PART IV. 1900.

18. On the anatomy of a supposed new species of Coenopsammia from Lifu. By J. STANLEY

Gardiner, M.A., Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. With one plate.

19. On the Insects from New Britain. By D. Sharp, M.A., M.B., F.R.S. With one plate.

20. Report on the Stomatopoda and Macrura. By L. A. BORRADAILE, M.A., Lecturer of Selwyn

College, Cambridge. With four plates.

21. Report on the Slugs. By WALTER E. COLLINGE, F.Z.S,, Mason College, Birmingham

With two plates.

22. Report on the Polyzoa. By E. G. PiiiLiPPS, Newnham College, Cambridge. With two plates.

23. The Hydroid Zoophytes. By LAURA ROSCOE Thornely, University College, Liverpool.

With one plate.

24. Astrosclera tvilleyana, the Type of a new Family of Calcareous Sponges. By J. J. LiSTER, M.A.,

St John's College, Cambridge. With five plates.

25. A contribution towards our knowledge of the Pterylography of tHe Megapodii. By W. P.

Pycraft, A.L.S., British Museum. With one plate.

26. The Stolonifera and Alcyonacea. By SYDNEY J. PIlCKSON, M.A., D.Sc, F.R.S., Beyer Professor

of Zoology in the Owens College, and ISA L. HiLES, B.Sc, Owens College, Manchester.
With two plates.

27. Report on the Xeniidae. By J. H. AsHWORTH, B.Sc, Demonstrator in Zoology, Owens College,

Manchester. With two plates.

PART V. 1900.

28. A Description of the Entozoa collected by Dr Willey during his sojourn in the Western

Pacific. By ARTHUR E. Shipley, M.A. With Plates LIV.— LVL

29. On some South Pacific Nemertines collected by Dr Willey. By R. C. PUNNETT.

With Plates LVII.-~^LXI.

30. On the Young of the Robber Crab. By L. A. BORRADAILE, M.A. With figures in the text.

31. Anatomy of Neohelia porcellana (Moseley). By Edith M. Pratt, M.Sc.

With Plates LXII. and LXIII.

32. On a new Blind Snake from Lifu, Loyalty Islands. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S.

With figures in the text.

33. On Crustacea brought by Dr Willey from the South Seas. By the Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing, F.R.S.

With Plates LXIV.— LXXIV.

FART VL 1902.

34. Contribution to the Natural History of the Pearly Nautilus. By ARTHUR WiLLEY, D.Sc, F.R.S.

L Personal Narrative. IL Special Contribution.
With Plates LXXV.—LXXXIIL, a map and fifteen text-figures.

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

aOttUon: FETTER LANE, E.G.

C. F. CLAY, Manager

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