“ah We 0 + 1 4 ’ phot : re Ve. : Patel ihe Mine. gf ne “bh tebe ik an coe) ese it a) ~) wut aoe) KER hp R + Heeehy- te¢ ch ged sete ed Ran gen Tastes et hey Oa, aN Bi, thea Sh rnd opt AAA Ag tae Bieigige sei! Heb < ’ on here i, RY > 4 : ‘Pe Nyis6?s) Pay’? alta! $ , mead Fisted ‘ is 7: a bay e Sn A OH ie aL a i eee i" } 5 iy goo qoeo U wc ANON 1OHM/ 18 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS % / VOLUME 27 PART 1 = SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Paki ots TOPOGRAPHY, WATER, AND SEDIMENTS K. O. EMERY and JOBST HULSEMANN UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1963 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 PART 1 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART I TOPOGRAPHY, WATER, AND SEDIMENTS K. O. EMERY and JOBST HULSEMANN UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1963 a Te hts Aas eee iyi ¥o : . ‘Aree rv 7 | ’ ; us 7 7 f d , mith 1 cit ie Wry ey nlenh| a bo re aie J SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Part © HOPOGRAPHY, WATER, AND SEDIMENTS by K. O. EMERY and JOBST HULSEMANN ALLAN Hancock PAciFic ExPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 Part I IssueD: May 10, 1963 PRICE: $3.00 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction . Acknowledgments Topography . Methods Characteristics Lithology and age Water . Sediments . Sampling Methods . Texture Calcium carbonate Organic matter Comparison with sediments of adjacent areas Summary and Conclusions Literature cited . Appendices —_ nN 18. 9° ame LIST OF FIGURES Index map showing areas sounded and sampled off southern, Californial ssc ne ene) mye es ant ps see ee Plot of difference between wire depth and sonic depth corrected for sound velocity . Wher oK po GEbebopl yy 5 6 6 Gao Mugu Canyon J) AR ee Rt SEs Dume Canyon ffl ie DD Oe os ee Pe”, Gh ee Santa Monica Canyon Redondo Canyon . San Pedro Sea Valley INNO AGG os one Oo oo to oo oc PaelollaGanyon 7) cs slit a) ys mn Coronado Canyon rae fie Wie LY Soe (One LeE ier 4 we Santa Catalina Canyon San Clemente “Rift Valley” . Tanner Canyon . Relationships of wall steepness and height to slope of canyon axes Profiles of submarine canyons compared with lithology where known Positions and depths of water samples in six canyons at stations shown by open circles in Figures 3 through 15 Characteristics of water in Redondo Canyon Relationship of median diameters of samples from submarine canyons to frequency of occurrence, sorting coefiicient, and contents of calcium carbonate and Kjeldahl nitrogen . . . .. =. . Results of separate determinations for organic carbon on sub-samples, based on (1) analysis for carbon in residue from carbonate analysis, and (2) on analysis for total carbon minus carbonate carbon Comparison of carbon and nitrogen analyses on samples from submarine canyons. ° . . . . . . 55 58 59 LIST OF TABLES 1. Characteristics of water in submarine canyons 2. Capitella bottoms in canyons . 3. Sediments of submarine canyons and other environments 38 53 60 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Part I. Topography, Water, and Sediments by K. O. Emery and Jobst Hiilsemann INTRODUCTION For many years submarine canyons have been known off southern California and have been studied in varying degrees of detail, largely by F. P. Shepard and his students and colleagues. Most of this work consisted of studies on topography (Shepard and Emery, 1941), lithol- ogy (Emery and Shepard, 1945), and general sediments (Cohee, 1938). Hydrographic and biological work has been sketchy. Some recent studies by Gorsline and Emery (1959) indicated the common presence of sandy floors along the canyon axes which mark the route of turbidity currents that move coarse sediment from beaches and inner shelves outward to the deep basin floors (Emery, 1960a). This preliminary sampling also suggested that benthic animals on the floors of the canyons differ from those at the same depths outside the canyons. Differences in environ- ment, such as coarse sediment, moving sediment, or abnormal water conditions, may be important biological controls in the canyons. Thirteen of the largest submarine canyons were selected for special studies of the topography, sediments, hydrography, and benthic biology. Many other canyons are present in the region, some of them larger than the smallest one described in this report. Among these fairly large but relatively poorly known canyons are several between Mugu and Hue- neme Canyons, San Gabriel Canyon, Oceanside Canyon, Carlsbad Can- yon, and several north and east of San Nicolas Island. These canyons were omitted not because they are unimportant, but because of time limitation and because the 13 canyons which were selected probably cover the range of variation expected within the fields of investigation. Basin slopes in the region also contain related but smaller features termed sea gullies (Buffington, 1951, in press; Emery and Terry, 1956) ; perhaps several thousand are present. 1 2 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Most of the field work was accomplished between December 1959 and May 1960 (Stations 6776 to 7055) through the aid of National Science Foundation Grant G-9060. A few samples collected during 1961 and 1962 were by-products of an additional National Science Founda- tion Grant G-12329. Many of the data for Santa Monica, Redondo, and San Pedro Canyons were collected during short cruises extending back to 1951; most of these cruises were financed by Captain Allan Hancock, but some were part of a contract for studies of Santa Monica Bay for Hyperion Engineers, Incorporated. Appreciation is due J. R. Grady for his careful analyses for nutrients in the waters and to many other students of the Department of Geology who participated in the ship work during class or special field trips. All field measurements were made aboard the Allan Hancock Foundation’s research vessel VELERO IV. TOPOGRAPHY Methods The 13 submarine canyons of this study occur along the mainland and off islands and banks (Fig. 1). For each of them 6 to 13 sounding lines were run at right angles to the canyon axis, as shown by naviga- tional charts, and at approximately equal intervals along it. The lines are long enough to show the relationship between the sides of the canyons and the adjacent mainland or island shelf, basin slope, or basin floor. Soundings were made with the Precision Depth Recorder (Luskin, Heezen, Ewing, and Landisman, 1954) attached to an Edo echo sounder. Instrumental error is less than 1 part in 3000, so the chief error in depth results from variation of the speed of sound in sea water and the reflection of sound from areas of the bottom within the sound cone and shallower than the point directly beneath the ship. The pro- files are based upon soundings uncorrected for sound velocity. Since the echo sounder is calibrated for a sound velocity in sea water of 1463 meters per second and the actual sound velocity for these depths is about 1.2 per cent faster (Emery, 1960b), the profiles are about 1.2 per cent too shallow. More important, however, is the effect of echoes from the sides of the narrow canyons; these often obscure the echoes from the narrow bottom. Comparison of wire depths for samples taken in the canyons with simultaneous echo soundings corrected for sound velocity show that some of the echo soundings are as much as 50 meters too No. | EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 3 shallow, with greatest errors in the narrowest part of the canyons (Fig. 2). In contrast, the average difference between wire and echo depths for flat shelves and basin floors is less than about 3 meters. Fig. 1.—Index map showing areas which were sounded and sampled off southern California, for which contours, profiles, and sample positions are shown in Figures 3 through 15. H, Hueneme Canyon; M, Mugu Canyon; D, Dume Canyon; SM, Santa Monica Canyon; R, Redondo Canyon; SP, San Pedro Sea Valley; N, Newport Canyon; LJ, La Jolla Canyon; Co, Coronado Can- yon; SCr, Santa Cruz Canyon; SCa, Santa Catalina Canyon; SCI, San Clemente “Rift Valley,’ T, Tan- ner Canyon. Positions were determined at 5-minute intervals by a radar range and bearing on a prominent coastal point, such as a pier end or a steep cliff. Since the ship speed was 9 to 10 knots, positions are about 1.5 km apart. 4 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 In the laboratory the tapes of continuously recorded soundings were reduced to half scale with a pantograph and the reductions were traced directly for Figures 3 through 15. U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey navigational charts served as the source for contours of the index map for each of the canyons. Characteristics General :—The canyons off southern California have been described previously by Shepard and Emery (1941) and by Emery (1960a) who also summarized the pertinent literature on them. Accordingly, only new data on topography and data needed for the proper interpretation of water characteristics and sediments will be presented here. The canyons occupy parts of three physiographic environments of the sea floor: continental or insular shelf, basin slope, and basin floor. In each environment the canyons present a different aspect. Shelf Portion:—The shelf is largely or entirely crossed by 8 of the 13 canyons of this study. Santa Monica, San Pedro, and Coronado canyons only indent the shelf; however, filled extensions of all three canyons are known on the adjacent land through well borings, and a filled channel across the shelf from the head of San Pedro Sea Valley was discovered by jet borings made by Richfield Oil Company. The other two exceptions are Tanner Canyon which begins deep on the saddle between Cortes and Tanner banks, and San Clemente Rift Valley which is different in many ways from other submarine canyons. Among the 8 canyons which do cross most of the shelf, Hueneme, Re- dondo, and Newport have now-filled extensions on land, as shown again by well borings. Each of the 8 also lies off a prominent land valley, except Santa Cruz Canyon which heads into the shelf saddle between Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa islands. Hueneme, Redondo, New- port, La Jolla, Santa Cruz, and Santa Catalina extend in nearly straight courses across the shelves, but Mugu and Dume are broadly curved. The depth of the canyon edge, or lip, is not uniform across the shelves. Transverse profiles across the shelf portions of Hueneme, Mugu, Santa Monica, Redondo, San Pedro, Newport, La Jolla, Coronado, and Santa Catalina canyons (see Figs. 3-15) show a seaward deepening of the canyon edge. This deepening is somewhat greater than the general slope of the shelf and, moreover, the profiles show some lateral slope of the shelf toward the canyons. Both facts mean that the topographic effect of the canyons extends somewhat beyond the narrow gorge of the canyons. No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 5 Below the canyon edge, the profiles show steep slopes—too steep in fact for completely satisfactory use of an essentially non-directional echo sounder. The measured slopes are minimal ones; still, as shown by the left-hand part of the top panel of Figure 16, the indicated slopes of the WIRE DEPTH MINUS CORRECTED SONIC DEPTH -25 0 25 +50 *75.. 2400 #425 WIRE DEPTH—METERS ° 1500 Fig. 2.—Plot of difference between wire depth and sonic depth corrected for sound velocity. The dominantly shallower sonic depth is the result of echoes from steep canyon walls which obscure the echo from directly beneath the ship. The sounding differences at sites in canyon axes and on canyon side walls are similar. walls nearest the heads of the canyons are 10° to 40°. Observations made by divers in shallower waters reveal yet steeper, even vertical to overhanging walls. These parts of the submarine canyons probably rep- resent the steepest areas of the sea floor. 6 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Shepard and Beard (1938) reported that the axial slope of Cali- fornia submarine canyons is steepest at the head—14.5°, moderate at the middle—5.5°, and gentlest at the seaward end—4.0°. The new pro- files were made too far from the shallows at the heads of the canyons to cross the steepest part of the canyon axes, but axial slopes which they did encounter in the shelf portions usually exceeded 5°. All except three canyons (Coronado, Santa Catalina, and Tanner) have longitudinal profiles that are concave upward. As shown by Figure 16, there is only a slight correlation between steepness of canyon walls and of canyon axes. Heights of canyon walls in the shelf portion range upward to 480 meters and average about 170 meters. In five canyons (Hueneme, Santa Monica, Redondo, Newport, and Santa Cruz) the greatest wall heights occur at the outer part of the shelves; in all the others, the greatest heights are slightly farther seaward, near the top of the basin slopes. Basin-slope Portion:—Basin slopes in the region average about 8°. The portion of some of the canyons traversing the basin slope is longer than that across the shelf, but for other canyons the reverse is true. All except Newport, San Clemente, and Tanner canyons have broadly curved courses down the basin slopes. For four canyons the curvature is to the right and for six to the left; this curvature appears to be the result of differential erosion along structural irregularities in the basin slopes. Just as for the shelf portions, the intersections of the canyon walls with the basin slopes are not usually abrupt, but the basin slopes bend gradually inward toward the canyons. Indicated steepnesses of the can- yon walls range up to 40°, averaging slightly less than for the shelf por- tion. In both portions the opposite walls exhibit considerable asymmetry, with one-third of all pairs of profiles having one wall more than twice as steep as the opposite wall. Heights of the walls range up to 500 meters and average 170 meters for 79 measurements, the same as the average for the shelf portions of the canyons. The heights of both walls are about equal, except where the canyon lies at the foot of a basin slope. The echograms present a minimum width of the canyon floors be- cause of reflections from the canyon walls, as discussed also by Northrop (1953) for Hudson Canyon. Often a faint echo from a horizontal sur- face can be detected through the traces produced by echoes from the walls. This faint echo, the presence of flat bottoms on some echograms, the collection of several samples from about the same wire depth on a profile across a canyon, plus the observations of divers in shallow water indicate that the canyons in both shelf and slope portions may have flat No. l EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 7 floors. The width is uncertain but it is believed to commonly range up to 200 meters. Basin-floor Portion:—At the foot of the basin slopes both the gen- eral bottom topography and the canyons exhibit a change. The general steepness is much less and both contours and samples show that the basin slope is bordered by a broad concave fan or apron built up of sedi- ments carried through the submarine canyons (Gorsline and Emery, 1959; Emery, 1960b). Fans from adjacent canyons may coalesce to form a general bajada-like feature whose steepness ranges downward from about 1.5°. Beyond the fans are basin plains which are so flat that the depth may change only 1 meter in 6 km. Extensions of the submarine canyons have been recognized only across the fans, where they take the form of low winding channels. These channels are bordered by natural levees which often cause the floor of the channel to be higher than the surface of the adjacent fan. Such levees are shown by profiles for Mugu, Dume, Santa Monica, Redondo, San Pedro, Newport, La Jolla, Coronado, Santa Cruz, and Santa Catalina canyons and they may occur at others. The first recog- nition of levees in the region appears to have been by Buffington (1952) for San Pedro, Newport and La Jolla canyons. Heights of the levees above the channels range up to about 50 meters, but 25 meters is prob- ably a better average height. The channels are probably less than 200 meters wide and their axial slopes range from 3° to 0.4°, as shown by the data of Figure 16. Lithology and Age Rocks have been dredged from the walls of many of the canyons. Most common are sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Miocene age (Fig. 17). Pliocene shales were obtained at San Pedro Sea Valley, San Gabriel Canyon (about 20 km east of San Pedro Sea Valley), and Coronado Canyon. Landward extensions of canyons have been filled with Recent sediments. Therefore, the age of the canyons is pre-Recent and at least parts of some of them are post-Pliocene. The strata which crop out on the walls represent seaward extensions of the same strata en- countered in outcrops or in wells on the adjacent land, but not enough samples are available to reveal the tops and bottoms of individual beds or to show whether the beds dip seaward or have structural peculiarities. ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 3—Hueneme Canyon. Profiles with (X 19) vertical exag- geration. Insert map with contours in meters shows posi- tions of profiles, bottom samples (solid dots), and hydro- graphic casts (circles). VOL, 27 No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS KILOMETERS 1 0) 1 [ ee. | nw 119°15’ / Se \ eOOTHUENEME |\ CANYON : 10 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 4—Mugu Canyon. Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 No. | EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS KILOMETERS R Z 0 1 2 5 200 : MUGU CANYON 1 400 vy) We uJ kK LJ = 600 800 11 12 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 5—Dume Canyon. Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS KILOMETERS 1 0 1 200 DUME CANYON METERS fo2) oO oO 800 14 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 6—Santa Monica Canyon. Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 No. | EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 15 KILOMETERS 0 1 2 BeOS e e ee 200 ANTA MONICA 400 CANYON ~ iJ — aie t~‘“‘isC™O™O™O™O™O™COCOCOCCO”COCOC;‘CN OK SS LJ Pa 800 16 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 7—Redondo Canyon. Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 17 KILOMETERS 1 0 1 =i i Sag eed (eo | i 200 35° =o 189 4 2790 5960-2793 \- 2725 \2791 /2789\ 3168 \\-3166 \\2191 & i ace \\6816 \\z192 (2474 | //.6774\c2151 \\6815 \s164 e225 | 3385 \\2726;\ \ 2190 \\3163 |, 3169, oN \\\e148y\\_ | | REDONDO Nii NY lity. if CAS ; ff: a ~~ CANYON ; ! A Bach | S . j NE a | 817 400- Q dg SE “ 2139s 2619 363404 2419°%0p 2432 2420 2405 23229 2 ° e °. 800 18 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Fig. 8—San Pedro Sea Valley. Symbols same as for Figure 3. No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS KILOMETERS 3 Fe 1 20 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 9—Newport Canyon. Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS Zl KILOMETERS Oo 4 3 2 1 2 3 6 7 8 9 ie T T lay = jie eee ae NEWPORT CANYON 200 ip) oe WW = WW = 400 418°00" 55° 117°50" 45° 600 [eae] L fae SN 2 L fl H. KH: @ WOCcDSsS OLE — ore Poses @ Py ERE / eB 22 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 10.—La Jolla Canyon. Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 No. ! 200 400 METERS fo) 00 800 1000 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS KILOMETERS 0 1 2 3 3 2 i (1 . LA JOLLA CANYON ~ 24 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 11—Coronado Canyon. Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 NO: Lis: EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 25 200 oo 00 1000 1200 KILOMETERS 2 1 0 1 CORONADO CANYON | 6847 \ CORONADOS ‘ ISLANDS 26 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 12—Santa Cruz Canyon, Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 NO. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS KILOMETERS 3 2 1 0 SANTA CRUZ CANYON 27 28 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 13—Santa Catalina Canyon. Symbols same as for Figure VOL. 27 No. | EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS KILOMETERS 1 0 1 200 831 6821 Feaso / 6820 /118*30* a, 29 30 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 14.—San Clemente “Rift Valley.” Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 31 CLEMENTE SRE ale VALLEY 32 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Fig. 15——Tanner Canyon. Symbols same as for Figure 3. VOL. 27 —. ‘No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS KILOMETERS 2 1 0 1 a aw > 200 : 400 | 4 3 | | METERS t 119°00’ = | tessa 1200 34 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 0.6° a4° SLOPE OF CANYON WALLS 0 500 :400 n w o o o i=) HEIGHT OF WALLS—M 3 Fig. 16.—Relationships of wall steepness and height to slope of canyon axes. Symbol L indicates presence of natural levees. No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 35 * STATUTE MILES 1o - is REDONDO =e - DUME 7 CANYO, CANYON SAN PEDRO SEA VALLEY = Ww WwW wu zZ DEPTH ——————— - —_ CORONADO 2 ee TANNER CANYON. a ae LE Fig. 17.—Profiles of submarine canyons compared with lithol- ogy where known. Symbols are as follows: arrow, shore- line; K, Cretaceous; E, Eocene; M, Miocene; P, Plio- cene; Q, Quaternary; R, postglacial (on sea floor letters show sites of dateable rock samples). From Emery (1960a, fig. 48). WATER Those who have spent much time aboard ship watching traces be- ing drawn by echo sounders frequently observe echoes from dense schools of fish which are often present at the tops of slopes, including those at the sides and heads of submarine canyons. Some verification is provided by the reportedly greater catch of fish at the head and sides 36 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL227 of the canyons than on the nearby shelf. It has been suggested that fish are concentrated in these areas because of the presence of abundant food brought by currents from deep in the canyons. Many of the fish caught from piers at the heads of Redondo and Newport canyons are species characteristic of deep cold water, confirming the observation by some skin divers that water may be colder at the head of a canyon than at either side and that at times the water appears to be rising from the canyon. A few current-meter measurements in six canyons of the area (Shepard, Revelle, and Dietz, 1939) showed flows in the direction of the canyon axes but with no preference for up or down canyon. Possibly the water moves too slowly to be indicated reliably by such meters; a better technique might be the measurement of properties of the water itself. Two to eight water stations were occupied along the axes of most of the 13 canyons at positions shown by open circles in Figure 3 through 15. Each station was positioned over the canyon axis by first making a topographic profile and then by stopping the ship at such a position that it would drift over the deepest point of the profile by the time that water-sampling gear had been lowered. In a few instances the drift varied so that the station was slightly to one side of the axis. Water samples were collected in Nansen bottles carrying two protected re- versing thermometers. In Redondo Canyon a series of four water samples were obtained at each station just above the bottom through use of a bottom water sampler described by Rittenberg, Emery, and Orr (1955). For each sample, temperature was corrected from the reversing ther- mometers, salinity was computed from standard titration for chloride, oxygen content was measured by Winkler analysis, and contents of sili- cate, phosphate, and nitrate were determined by standard colorometric methods using a Beckman DU spectrophotometer. The results are listed in Table 1 for the eleven canyons which were sampled. Profiles of six canyons with positions of water samples are presented in Figure 18, and more completely with water characteristics for Redondo Canyon in Figure 19. The measurements show no marked difference in the character of the water at the canyon head from that near the seaward end of the canyon. The water is also within the range of seasonal and areal varia- tion of that in the adjacent basins (Emery, 1954). Close examination of Table 1 and Figure 19, however, does show some slight inclination No. | EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS a7 of the isopleths in a few of the canyons. At Redondo Canyon the tem- perature and oxygen content is higher and the salinity and nutrients are lower near the head than farther seaward. This difference is just what is to be expected of local upwelling. A similar conclusion is indicated by the less complete data at Dume Canyon, but on the other hand possi- ble downwelling may have occurred at Mugu and La Jolla canyons. Clearly, upwelling was not marked at the times of the surveys, but then the wind and sea conditions were fairly calm at these times. At times of strong winds, movements of water along the canyons may be more intense. It seems evident that the water is not of such unusual character as to present an abnormal environment for benthic animals; thus any ab- normalities in size of individuals or groupings of the fauna must be due to some aspect of the environment other than the water within the canyon. A major abnormality in the benthic fauna is indicated by the fact that 22 samples from six canyons (Table 2) consist almost exclusively of Capitella, a polychaete worm which ordinarily lives in estuarine water (Hartman, 1962). These same samples are free of marine worms and of other marine animals except carnivores such as squid, which may not really inhabit the sites. Since Capitella lays its eggs in the tubes in which it lives, wide dispersion through sea water is unlikely. It is sug- gested that the samples represent sites at which fresh water escapes into the ocean from aquifers which have been intersected by cutting of the canyons. Escape of fresh water is known to occur from many nearshore areas of the sea floor of the world. Accounts of its escape from sub- marine canyons go back at least to Benest (1899). Johnson (1938- 1939) even postulated an origin for submarine canyons on the basis of submarine erosion by escaping ground water, but his concept is now gen- erally considered less plausible than others. It is quite reasonable that a submarine canyon should be a local focus for escape of ground water because it is the farthest landward point of outcropping horizontal strata, and thus a point of steep pres- sure gradient of confined waters. The coarse sediment which floors the canyon should form no impediment. The rate of escape of the water is likely to be so low that a dilution of the overlying sea water cannot be detected. Thus, the benthic fauna may be the best indicator of escaping fresh water. At shallow depths escape is less likely, at least for Hueneme and Redondo canyons, owing to probable sea-water intrusion into aqui- fers produced by artificially lowered water tables of the adjacent land. VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 38 *IN0JUOD W-YNT WoIZ suLISIGy s +20 wr = 6S°T we (T/A) wa34xO iS ‘ , s) Lig 0@ Seve Ow « = ep oe = 60°bE gee (T/v-37) ayeydsoyg (0%) Aarurjes B vo 8£ 0@b VL 4 re — €f zz — 92'8 [ov (T/V-37) ayeoris (D.) aainjesadwa 7, o 0 0 0 0 (ur) srxe aAoqy 6&4 +£Z 6b +£Z (wi) woy0g 9°8 8'T 9°8 «81 (wy) sduRISIG +189 £189 +189 £189 UOHeIg GS61 Aq Mom GEec NOANYV() INWANTN GY SNOANV() INIYVNANS NI WaLV AA AO SOLLSIYALOVUVH7) he te Vel 39 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS No. l oz 69b zs"0 6p =D 0z 81 ESE +5°0 90° ese st LI £81 10° — esl = ét SI eI 1Ol 1ST 50° zz 1. <= 10 — z0 0 _— — — 0 (T/V-37) aenin (T/lw) ua3kxQ 6% 69b ta 73 696 U 8°Z Le £S€ EZ'vE 02'bE ssf. £'2 9% £81 60°bE 60°bE i So V2 At A V2 TOr 68°EE L6°E§ 98°E§ tor & $‘0 50 9°0 0 9b ES SS*EE LEE 0 (T/v-37) aieydsoyg (0%) Arrurpeg +11 69¢ 1L'9 6 9 96 18 ESE Ea'L OL. ese 9 z9 £9 EST 85°8 05°8 cSt we Sb Is Sb TOT $6 126 29°6 TO 9 s L 0 9°b1 z+ O'rT 0 (T/W-37) ayeottg (D.) aanjeradua 7, 0 0 0 0 0 0 (wr) stxe aaoqy 8b 69 TT +8h 69E OTT (ui) wonog tb 61 0°0 vy 61 00 (wy) asourrsiq 8069 L069 9069 8069 4069 9069 uOHeIg 0961 YP cl NOANVD N90] ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 40 0z 6£S 870 6£5 y LI 61 ZLE _— 68°0 zig. 8 Lt to> Co $02 IL'T 6ST 09°1 rz 6 10 10> 16 91'S Ile Eee 16 S Z'0 10 10 0 = _— — 0 ~ (T/V-37) aren (T/ju1) ua8xQ 8°72 6£S tE'bE 6£S 9% 9°Z ZLE Ta Oz'bs we UC Ze 0°Z £'% +02 LO'vE aaa3 Elbe 402 st st sat 16 CLES 69°EE LGC 16 > z'0 £0 z'0 0 ESSE LS°SE LS'SE 0 e (T/y-37) areqdsoyg (°%) Aarurpes 6z1 6£S 96'S 6£S y 98 18 ZLE Or'Z Sel Ae ae 19 +9 +9 +0Z 95°8 94°8 94'8 +02 = ras SE SE 16 60°0T 90°01 TOI 16 =e + z z 0 ++ L'vt 8't1 0 = (1/V-3”) I}BITIIS (D.) eanjersdwa yz, 0 $9 02 0 $9 02 (uw) sIxe saoqy 8SS L8E 0¢z 855 L8¢ 0cz (wi) wWoyog L's ST z'0 Ls ST z'0 (wy) s0URISIC $689 +689 £689 $689 +689 £689 UONeIS 0967 4"TA, O01 NOANV) INNG 41 t+ = o t+ ve) oo (a) wrdaq (ut) mdaq (wu) yadaq 10°0 892 — £8'T Lb IV'z -- ols Z61 SS'b -- — 0 2 (T/lu) uadsxo 2 a 9°¢ 98 $98 me USE 89L +E'bE 89L Z — 9°2 Leb — 86°EE Leb a _— - 8'T Z61 -- LLES Z61 zp be = = 0 _ —_ — 0 B (T/v-81) areydsoyg (9%) Aprurpeg Zz a SOT 18 +98 ers ST's +98 a 56 - 89L 61'S — 89L IS == LE Ltr == 90°8 Ltb fm = — SZ Z61 — — 12'6 Z61 = — -- — 0 -— — — 0 < (T/W-37) ayeorig (D0) ainjesraduia 7, z 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 (ul) sixe aAoqy 068 85+ +02 068 85+ +0Z (ui) Wo}0g LZZ 26 OT VL 76 OT (wy) aouRstC 9619 £829 Z8L9 9619 £849 7819 uoneys - ooo —SSSeeeeeeeaeaea——— S 6S6I Jaquissaq OZ NOANVZ) WOINOJ VINVS ns VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS IS've Z09 — bee BLS = =. ff ve LIS — —_ — == tht? fb re 69£ SEE bE've 6c VE = 60 VE SE rE COE = fC bE OTHE = = OEE 6772 = v7. ro — me = LEvE 61 COVE OTE COVE 00 VE a SOE 9EVE “AG! =— = = - = = — 60°F £6 = 98'EE Hoa ate YEAS = OT HE SO'bE bO'+e 9L WATS = = 09'EE LLEE = CBE c8'EE 0£ = CHEE 09'EE O09 EE SLEE 69° EE SLiGe LEVEES $I SLEE 99° EE O9'EE CIEL BL EE SLES ELIGe 8LEE 9 O8'Ee HOE HOSE 99 SE O8'EL SLES H8°EE Wane 0 (°%) Adrurpes 69£ 80°8 1£°8 £'8 = T£'8 T8°Z SOE = 6L'8 L8°8 = = 128 627 —2 = = = ao = c6l $0°6 +0°6 O16 60°6 = 28'8 728 cSt a = = — = = = £6 —— — — = = c1'6 ST'6 916 9L +8°ET =a = 68°71 cVet — Stor 0S‘OL O£ = 60ST 08'+T SfbT Tret 6VEl 60°TT 93°01 8T 67°9T = ae | = 9ST OT 88st +0°9T LOLI 9 691 vLtI OLT VOT Sir 691 O'LT LefiNs 0 (D.) ainjeradwa y, 0 0 0 001 0£ 0 0 0 (Wi) sixe aaoqy £09 82S LIS 99¢ OLE OLE £61 $6 (wi) woyog c +l Ler Sor 98 He) L'v 61 V0 (wy) 2UeIstq 89Cb OL7r TLev CLeb Ler blev SLev 9LOV UOT}EIS gc6] eun[ 8 NOANYV<) OGNOdd y (ut) wdoq (a) wrdaq 43 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS No. | 89 Z09 — 8S NYAS ee nee $s LIS — — — “= tb 8+ 69E LE 9€ 8b = (43 6£ SOE — €€ £¢ —_ — LE 622 9 = a — = is = Se wt 0S 183 97 IE If — €¢ Ov ZS > a — = — = — — i}3 £6 Fe 8 — +z +2 — tz Lz 83 9L = _— — — 6 6 — 4 0z Of L L 9 S 9 L 9T LI 8I + + S S + Z S 9 9 + + S 9 S 9 9 9 0 (T/V-37) ayeotyig ££°0 — — — z09 — 0+'0 — — 8ZS — — 6£°0 — LIS — — — — +6'0 09°0 69£ 78°0 6I'T SUT a 88°0 — SOE y — bl 9S°T oo _— 6L'0 627 a — ae as es ats mae 761 & $8'l — 66'T 80°Z = 68°0 LVI zs = — _— — — — — — oie £6 3 = 0L'% 78'2 €S'l = 87°72 £77 +1'Z 9L = = — — 68'b Z0'S — SIE +67 0£ Sz's 0£'9 79 i) b's $8°¢ LS‘¢ O€'¢ 81 Z1'9 78'S 627'9 8I'9 97'9 Ss°¢ 10'S Org 9 E85 $6°S +6'S L0°9 94'S tbs 1) a) 19° 0 (T/[) uadAxO 0 0 0 00T Of 0 0 0 (u) sIxe aaoqy £09 8ZS LIS 99¢ OLE OLE £61 +6 (uw) won0g ctl Let SOT 9°8 L9 Lt 61 10 (wy) aueISICT 897b OLZ+ 12+ CLEP €lL@r tl7r Sle 917 UOT}EIS ( panutjuod ) NOANVZ) OGNOddy SE ——_ — VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 44 (m1) dag 9 209 = of BLS ss == sé LIS = “3 = == SE Lz 69£ LZ Le ze — 8°72 67 SOE = SZ 97 — an 97 622 = = = == = = a4 Z61 SZ 072 SZ £7 “= ANG 8°72 rag = = = = ao aa — Le £6 £0 — arg v2 — Ly v2 v2 9L = _ a o'r 8°0 — 0°72 61 3 50 +'0 a) £0 £0 9°0 8T or 81 £0 £0 £0 £0 +0 Z'0 a) +0 9 £'0 £°0 £0 £'0 +'0 s°0 £0 £0 0 (1/v-87) areydsoyg 0 0 0 00T 3 0 0 0 (W) SIxe asA0qy £09 8L5 LIS 99€ OLE OLE £61 +6 (ur) wo0g +l Lov SOL 9°8 i) Ly 61 10 (wy) e2uRISTg 89th OLZb Ler cle ELZy $L@r SL 9Leb uoneig ( panurjuod ) NOANYV7) OGNOddY SUBMARINE CANYONS 45 EMERY AND HULSEMANN No. l £Z 999 st‘0 999 oy 1Z zz ges 62'0 0£°0 ss 8 £2 02 81 99¢ £20 0870 8Z°0 996 91 81 02 81 ZLT 831 L0% z6'l +0'2 eur 2s 8I +1 St 91 16 10°E LO'E SE"E +6°2 16 B 3 + b — 0 £6'S 88'S ZL'S — 0 (T/V-37) aeuIN (T/1u) waB4xO Lt 999 EEE 999 y 4 s"€ ££S Love Sete ee 5 TE = Ze 99¢ PTE 8I'bs 0z'be 99¢ c 9° +2 9% 4 ZLI S6°EE S6°E§ 96°E£ 68°£E Bet Nees At 0% v7 07% 16 69°££ SLES 69°EE IL'€€ 16 3 ot aa aa _ 0 Lees Or'ee 6b ££ — 0 (T/v-87) ayeydsoqd (0%) Aarures 8ST 999 e's 999 = €Z1 £Z1 gES c2'9 c2'9 cess 18 L8 98 99¢ cL SSL 9b L 996 £$ 95 9$ 99 ZLI 00°6 11'6 88°8 16'8 (4) ae 6£ LE 8£ tt 16 +L'6 £6'6 06°6 7L'6 16 3 at ZI rat = 0 ttl gel Gio oz! 0 (T/VW-87) azeorTIg (D.) enjesadua J, 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (uw) stxe aaoqy 789 6S +0b £81 789 6bS +0 L8I (Ww) wonog 0'8 iS 1rd z'0 0°8 Lt V2 z0 (wy) aourast( 8589 LS89 9589 $89 8589 LS89 9589 $$89 woneag ee ———————————————————————————eeEeEeEeseees 096] Atenigay ¢] AQTIV A VIS OUdad Nv§ ™~ N =| Ss) S) “st Ore 991 9 > : & Tpig 26'2 IL LY ge rm = me 0 = (T/1u) uasdéxO <2] . AZ +9 8£Z Ze'be are EB 9b bee 991 LOE S6'EE 991 8 Se aa! Z8'T 88'T Lr Z8°EE Z8°EE SLES LY = H 82'0 0£°0 £5°0 0 8S°EE Z9'EE IS'€€ 0 3 2) (T/y-37) ayeydsoyg (9%) Aqrutpeg & = 8°89 862 8Z'8 1 te Py me 919 +'09 991 19°8 Z6°8 a = 9 Zse Z8e 6'6£ LY £701 Te‘01 Zz'01 Le es A Lt L's 69 0 +9r = O'LT 0 e. Ss (T/V-87) ayeorts (Do) aanyesaduia y, Z < : 0 0 0 0 0 0 (u1) stxe aaoqy £SZ c8t 79 £S7 7st 79 (ui) Wo}0g 9S Sab Gi 9°72 Gat C0 (wy) sue 3st LZOL 9Z0L SZ0L LZ0L 9Z0L SZ0L uo1neIg 0961 AFI S NOANV‘7) LYOdMaAN 46 47 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS No. l qouvig sddis9os, 920 6SE J SIT Ala S£7 o Is'T — LI Stl oa $9'Z 91'2 — $S'Z L8 3 os as a o= 0 — (T/IW) wadkxQ 91° 6S¢ 67'FE 6SE S) S'S $9'7Z SEZ EZ'HE 7e'bE S£Z 3 6£°7 — 6£°7 StI PIs — IT'bE 8b p £V'z SH 4 — $0° L8 86°EE ZO'bE — £6°EE L8 3B 9£°0 87'0 9¢'0 8£°0 0 99° $9°CE Z9'EE Z9'EE 0 (T/V-37) ajeydsoyg (°%) Ayrurpes b'+8 6SE €S°L 6S¢ S 6'SL 6°SL SEZ +1'8 $28 SEZ 8 619 —_ L'+9 8b L6°8 — $68 Stl aa StS 6'bS — 0'6+ L8 7h'6 0£°6 — 09°6 L8 FZ ara SIT 801 6'0T 0 891 8°91 Z9r Z'9T 0 ~ (T/V¥-37) a3eorIg (D.) aanjestodua yj, L 6 0 z L 6 0 ze (WI) sIxe aAoqy 69E 0SZ £91 z0l 69E 0Sz £91 rant (wi) woyo0g ab +I £0 z'0 vP +I £0 z'0 (wy) aouRystq 9£0L S£0L +£OL ££0L 9£0L S£0L xb£0L ££0Z uOTBIg 0961 AFIT 9 NOANVZ) VTIOf[ vw] ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 48 (T/V-37) a3e.01N (I/V-87) aeydsoyd (T/V-87) ayeorytg S°St S1Z V2 8°02 6'LT £02 _ S681 rol 9°91 8°2 ne S°€ 9°¢ is Og 2 97 — Sr je 072 L'0 L'0 £261 S't0T 8°08 9°6L Is 0°85 — Ls £bZ 8'9F £0 L's 0 0 £071 9S¢ 8'1Z It £b89 889 mans ONN 0961 Arensqaq | 88°0 cot 83°1 6S 9L°S (J/[w) uasdAxo OTe b0'be $6°E& LL GE 8S°Ee (9%) Arrurpes BLL c1'6 60°0F (D.) anjesoduia 7, 0 9SE Vy 8b89 NOANV) OdVNOWOd) 96°EE SLEE BS°Ef $76 9TOT SbT Z8IT (Wl) sTxe aAoqy (ur) wWo}0¢7 (wy) a0uRIsT(] u0T}EIS (uw) jideq (uw) wwdaq (uw) wdaq 49 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS No. 1 820 Ech pe see z = 0L'2 soz (T/[w) uaBkxO iS s) 6% TES O2'bE sg = = 61 802 — BLEE 802 a (T/y-81) ayeydsoyg (9%) Arrunes oa L6 1s 06'S TES G = = 92 802 = 59°6 802 5 (1/V-87) azeorts (D0) aanjeroduia y, re § 0 § 0 (ul) sixe aaoqy 18S 0% 18S 0zz (wi) Woyo0g Zt LS Z+1 Le (wry) aouRystq L089 2089 L089 2089 woneds 6S6I J9quIE99q] 7Z NOANVD) ZNUD VINVS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 50 Sse oz 92°0 rat V'8z $92 10L ss°0 £$°0 TOL $'9Z 6°22 9°bZ Lte £2°0 £6°0 Lor Lte 7'sz bbz _ 6L1 rad 8£°7 $z'z = 09°2 Z6r 8°91 9°21 = S01 88 02'+ 92+ = tit 88 — — _ — 0 = = = = 0 (T/¥-37) ae.UIN (T/1u) wassxO og ogzt zS"be gz g"€ ee 102 Otte 67'+E 10L Ve 67 Ve Lbe Te'be ote 7'+E Lte 2 £2 — +z Zor Z6'EE 00'+E — S6°EE rad y “y = aa 88 8S°EE 8S°EE — 8S°EE 88 — _ — — 0 _ = — = 0 (T/W-S7) aywydsoyg (°%) Asrurpeg 802 Ogzt 90°+ ogzl +91 LIT 10Z Lvs £s°9 TOL £8 OF 98 Lte OS'Z 6S°L 09°L Loe 1s zs _ gs z6l 72'6 60°6 — 10°6 rad 61 61 — ria 88 = = = tT 88 — — _ — 0 Ost 6+ St1 — 0 (T/¥-37) ayers (D.) anjesodwa 7, 06 0 0 § 06 0 0 § (ur) sixe aAaoqy StZ1 QTL £9¢ 907 SbZ1 OIL £9¢ 90% (wi) WoRog Vor +L 9% +'0 Vor tL 9°Z +0 (wy) souRyst( £789 9789 S789 +789 L789 9789 $Z89 +789 uoNeIg 0961 2un[’ Sz NOANYV() WNITVIV?) VINVS (uw) yidaq (wu) yidaq (m1) wdaq no. | EMERY AND HtSLSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 51 DISTANCE IN KILOMETERS z i ee Fe Seer 2 IN METERS DEPTH CORONADO CANYON Fig. 18.—Positions and depths of water samples in six canyons at stations shown by open circles in Figures 3 through 15. The solid dots and italicized station numbers along the canyon axes indicate samples having abundant speci- mens of the polychaete worm Capitella. ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 tn fo é DISTANCE IN KILOMETERS ae < mS © s x x x x N < $ woe ‘ s we > ws 9 Ww We an Me ws Ws SALINITY —(%e) OWN iii a O IN METERS | OXYGEN-(mt/0) DEPTH 600 | SILICATE-(ug-a0 °°” “Ye 4/ Ifo gs 4 7/4, 7, 4/4) thy LY, 4/7, PHOSPHATE—(jaig-a/l) VLLL LED ZZIZA ae Fig. 19—Characteristics of water in Redondo Canyon. Sym- bols same as for Figure 18. No. | EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 53 TABLE 2 CapIrELLA Botroms In CANYONS (from Hartman, 1962) Sample Depth Number of Canyon Number (m) Specimens* Hueneme 6897 338 1 6899 456 52 Mugu 6902 119 9 Santa Monica 6781 116 9200+ 6780 183 55 Redondo 2192 113 1 7284 137 - 3164 148 17 2148 298 27 2190 344 133 2150 575 1 Newport 7030 85 2 5367 97 2 7730 235 7 7028 272 1 La Jolla 7043 135 595 7045 274 14145 7039 371 948 7046 517 36 7041 545 1 7040 637 3 7047 793 5 *Sampler covers an area of 0.6 square meters of ocean floor. SEDIMENTS Sampling Methods This study is based entirely upon surface samples, though cores were used in some previous work by Gorsline and Emery (1959) in a few submarine canyons. More than 90 per cent of the samples were taken with a large clam-shell bucket which covers an area of 0.6 square meter and encloses as much as 0.18 cubic meter of mud; these samples were taken primarily for the biological work to be described by Hartman. Most are the result of attempts to sample the axes of the canyons using the same procedure as that for positioning water-sampling stations. Be- cause of ship drift, however, some of the attempts missed the axes and these samples are from the steep side slopes of the canyons. About 10 per cent of the samples were obtained with a small snapper having a volume of about 500 cc. Some snapper samples are from water-sampling stations, but others are independent samples designed to learn the na- ture of sediments on the walls of the canyons. Of a total of 211 samples, 54 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 2/7 some kind of sediment analysis was made for 176. In 16 samples two different kinds of sediment were noted; these were separated and ana- lyzed individually. ‘Texture Textural analyses were made by a combination of standard pipette procedure for fine (< 62 micron) fractions and settling tube for the coarse fractions. Percentages of gravel, sand, silt, and clay are reported in the Appendix, along with median diameter and Trask sorting co- eficient. The Trask coefficient was used so that results would be com- parable with those of the many other analyses of sediments in the region (Emery, 1960a). A comparison of the median diameters of samples from within 10 meters of the floor of the canyons with those of samples from higher on the walls is given in the top panel of Figure 20. The frequency curves show that the sediment from the axes is only slightly coarser than that from the walls. Clean coarse, even gravelly, sediment is present in many samples from the canyon floors, but other coarse sediment occurs high on the canyon walls and atop the adjacent shelf. Fine green silty clay is common on the canyon walls but it also is interbedded with clean sands along the canyon axes. The average median diameter of the 95 axial samples is 69 microns and for the 60 wall samples it is 40 microns. A similar average median diameter of 70 microns was obtained by Cohee (1938) for 29 small dredge samples mostly from the walls of Hueneme, Mugu, Dume, Newport, and Coronado canyons. The sorting coefficients for axial and wall samples exhibit even smaller differences than do median diameters, so no distinction was made on most panels of Figure 20 for the two sources of sediments. Sorting coefficients for all canyon sediments average about 2.5 but in a general way the sorting coefficients are lower for sediments having median diam- eters coarser than 50 microns than for finer sediments: about 1.8 versus Bree No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 55 m above axis > 10m above axis NUMBER OF SAMPLES = (@) = zu -O ate Ow ul (eo) oO % CALCIUM CARBONATE Fig. 20.—Relationship of median diameters of samples from submarine canyons to frequency of occurrence, sorting coefiicient, and contents of calcium carbonate and Kjel- dahl nitrogen. J oi fa = T ' : Bb Ra Kee Levet § 5 Rew en AA aC ASS a4 ed s # Se 56 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Calcium Carbonate Dried and weighed sediment samples were treated with sulphuric acid, heated, and the evolved carbon dioxide was measured volumetrically. From these volumes the percentages of calcium carbonate were computed on the assumption that all of the carbonate was combined with calcium. The results (Fig. 20) exhibit a range from 0 to 36 per cent calcium carbonate. Nearly all values lower than 10 per cent are from canyons along the mainland. Most values higher than 10 per cent are from the offshore Santa Cruz, San Clemente, and Tanner canyons. As a secondary trend, the higher percentages for nearshore canyons occur in the finer- grained samples, and for the offshore canyons they are in the coarser- grained samples. Calcium carbonate grains coarse enough to be identified as to source organism consist dominantly of shell fragments in the coarse sediments and of foraminiferal tests in the fine sediments. Organic Matter The content of organic matter in the sediment samples was measured as nitrogen using micro-Kjeldahl equipment and as carbon using a Leco (Laboratory Equipment Company) carbon analyzer. The latter device measures the carbon dioxide evolved by fusing the sample at 1300° C in an induction furnace. Kjeldahl nitrogen would serve as an excellent measure of total organic matter except that nitrogen constitutes only about 6 per cent of total organic matter and it is more subject to oxida- tion than is carbon, as indicated by an increase of C/N ratio with depth of sediment burial or lapsed time (Emery, 1960a). Carbon comprises about 55 per cent of total organic matter but it is very difficult to measure satisfactorily, owing to the difficulty of combusting some car- bonaceous materials and to the variable ease by which carbon is released from calcium carbonate. As a result, organic carbon in samples was measured in two different ways: by combusting the residue left from carbonate analysis (direct method), and by combusting a total sample and subtracting carbonate carbon (difference method). The direct method may yield results that are too low owing to partial breakdown of or- ganic matter by the acid treatment for carbonate, or too high because of incomplete breakdown of carbonate carbon by the acid. The second method can yield erratic results because of the need for two separate subsamples. In general, the results by the two methods of carbon analysis agree (Fig. 21), but there are some individual variations and the direct method is considered the more reliable. A plot of direct organic carbon against Kjeldahl nitrogen (Fig. 22) reveals good agreement for about 95 per No. | EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 57 cent of the samples. A best-fit straight line through the plotted values for these samples yields an average C/N ratio of 8.9, nearly the same as the average for the surface sediments of the basins (Emery, 1960a, ps2 76): When plotted against median diameter, the nitrogen (Fig. 20) as well as the organic carbon exhibits a close relationship. Percentages of nitrogen decrease from an average of about 0.4 per cent for sediments of 5 microns median diameter to less than 0.05 per cent for sediments of median diameter coarser than 100 microns. This relationship to grain size is typical and it results from the similarity in settling velocity of organic matter and of fine-grained silts or clays and from adsorption of organic matter on clay minerals. Average total organic matter is 2.16 per cent when computed from organic carbon (1.7 times the average of 1.27 per cent organic carbon) and 1.87 per cent when computed from nitrogen (17 times the average of 0.11 per cent nitrogen). Perhaps the best figure for average total organic matter is the average of the two values, or 2.0 per cent. Comparison with Sediments of Adjacent Areas Sediments of the canyons reveal differences which depend upon the degree of isolation from sources of detrital material. These differences are best illustrated by a comparison of sediments from canyons cutting the mainland shelf, the island shelves, and the bank tops (Table 3). Most pronounced is an increase in average percentage of calcium car- bonate from mainland canyons to island canyons to bank canyons. The average median diameter exhibits little change, except for an increase in Tanner Canyon, the only one off a bank. Percentage of organic matter increases from mainland to island canyons probably because the slower rate of deposition of similar average grain sizes of detrital sediment in the latter permits less dilution of organic matter. When compared with sediments of the source areas (mainland shelf, island shelves, and bank tops) and with those of the sites of final deposi- tion (basin floors), the sediments of the canyons are found to be inter- mediate in nearly all the averages (Table 3). Sediments of the canyons are finer grained than those of the shelves and coarser than those of the basin floors. Sorting coefficients are also intermediate, except at Tanner Canyon where only six samples are available, most of which are coarse grained. The average content of calcium carbonate also is intermediate between values for shelf and basin sediments except for the mainland canyons, which have a very low content for some unknown reason. Aver- age contents of organic matter are intermediate in all instances. These 58 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.j21 4.0 CARBON direct CARBON differ. =v 0.90 be o % ORGANIC | CARBON (difference) 1.0 3.0 Te 20 % ORGANIC CARBON (direct) Fig. 21—Results of separate determinations for organic car- bon on sub-samples, based on (1) analysis for carbon in residue from carbonate analysis, and (2) on analysis for total carbon minus carbonate carbon. generally intermediate characteristics of the sediments in canyons with respect to sediments of shelves and basins are reasonable in view of other lines of evidence which indicate that the canyons serve as the routes through which at least the coarser sediments reach the basins for per- manent deposition. However, the averages of Table 3 do not reveal whether the movement through the canyons is chiefly by rapid turbidity currents or by slow creep. No. | EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 59 0.4 " CARBON _ NITROGEN = uJ © Oo a - S02 ae 0.1 0.0 0.0 3.0 1.0 2.0 % ORGANIC CARBON (direct) Fig. 22——Comparison of carbon and nitrogen analyses on samples from submarine canyons. VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 60 ‘asie09 A][VUuOT}d29x9a—uo0AURD ZNID UL WOIJ 6089 UO EIS BuNTWCo, ‘uadOI}IU K L] PUB UOgIeD dIURSIO KX L*] JO adeIIAG — SUOAULD IOF 19}}VUI DIULTIOg, ‘sojdues Jo Joquinu st sasayjueied ut JaquInN,g ‘OWEN ON ‘Sa}10D yseq ‘se[OoIN ues, *‘INUUP Tg ‘aJUIWIII[D) UBS ‘BUI[E}BD BURG ‘ZNID BULSe ‘aJUDWI[D) URS ‘BUI[e}eD vjURG ‘zNID elULS, ‘oSaIq uv ‘OIpag ues ‘eoIUO;] BURG ‘eILqIeg BURG, ‘opeuolog ‘ejof ey Jrodman ‘opuopay ‘eotuoyy ejuKg ‘auing ‘nsnyy ‘auauany{z "(OZ ‘I8t ‘dd ‘eq96,) Alowy woz vJep UoAULI-UON, (8) +9 (8) 8£°0 = (99) SIZ (8b) T's (0S) 0+ Suse g a10qsxO (9) v2 (9) L0°0 (9) 60°2 (9) LEZ (9) 6'T (9) 86 gsuokuey yueg (9tT) 8°0 _ — (991) 9g (v9T) £2 ($82) 0L2 sdoy, yueg (€Z) OL (€Z) Sb'0 — (6€1) O°CT (EIT) 8°€ (LIT) OF gSUISeg d1OYSHO AAe1IpO|] (Big) aie (82) +1°0 (82) SLT (9Z) £21 (0Z) O°€ or(6l) 29 pSuOAURD pues] (891) 9°0 — = (982) Lz (062) LT (862) 092 Saalayg pues] (6£) £9 (6£) LE°0 — (ZET) £01 (O8T) LE (92€) $°9 eSUISeg a10YSIeaN (€£T) 66°T (€€1) ITO (SEL) Itt (SET) 8°€ (El) v2 (thT) $9 zsuokueyd puejuleyy (€ZZ) 6'0 = = (16S) 26 (+08) 9°T s(€LZT) O€T J[9YS purjurey| (%) (%) (%) (%) (yse1.L) (7) BEDE (1yePle! a) OD s1ues19 1 0)0)70) yuaTyooy) = “BI: URIpayy dIULSIO uasO01}IN Sunsog {SLNINNOWANY YHLO GNV SNOANVD ANIYVINANS JO SLNAWIGIS © H1aV.L No. | EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 61 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS In many ways submarine canyons are intermediate between shelves and basin floors. Their axial slopes are intermediate in steepness; thus the canyons not only dissect the basin slopes but their heads extend landward of the shelf break. Where the heads of the canyons are very close to shore they may serve as local sites for upwelling in response to the action of wind in driving surface water toward the open sea. This upwelling, however, appears to be weak and probably discontinuous. It does not establish a very unique ecological environment, but the minor differences in the waters of canyons or basins which do exist may pos- sibly be significant for some animals. Canyons which cross much of the width of shelves and of basin slopes receive sediments in at least three different ways. Most important quantitatively is grain-by-grain deposition of silts and clays carried in suspension from the mouths of streams and from the turbulent shore zone. When deposited, this sediment forms a homogeneous blanket of green mud on the steep walls of the canyons as well as on the basin slopes and floors farther seaward. The steepness of the canyon walls, possibly aided by animal activities, allows the sediment to move down- slope to the canyon axes. This movement not only exposes rock outcrops on the sides of the canyons but also produces interbeds of the green mud with coarser sediment on the canyon floors. Whether the mud moves downslope slowly and continuously or rapidly and intermittently is unknown. The outer parts of the canyons, the channels on the basin floors, also receive the grain-by-grain deposits, but because of the gentle slopes of the sub-sea aprons there probably is little mass movement of this sediment. Second most important, but probably of greatest interest, is the depo- sition of sand and fine gravels which move down coast along beaches and atop the inner part of the shelves, under the influence of longshore currents. These currents are partly the inshore portions of the general southern California eddy but mostly they are produced by the diagonal approach to shore of the dominant waves from the northwest (Emery, 1960a). Where canyons extend close in to shore, they serve as traps for this moving sediment. The sediment may accumulate slowly until it finally moves out en mass, causing a sudden deepening of the water of the canyon head (Shepard, 1951la, and other papers). The moving mass may become transformed into a turbidity current which carries sand into deep water (Shepard, 1951b), building up sub-sea fans or aprons at the mouths of the canyons (Gorsline and Emery, 1959; Emery, 1960b). These sands have the same general grain size as the nearshore sediments 62 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 of the shelves and they contain shallow-water foraminifera and remains of other animals and plants, including bits of wood from land. Within the canyons the sands form narrow bands traversing the canyon axes between the steep walls covered by green mud. Movement of this mud downslope to the intermittently moving axial sand produces the observed bedded character of the sediment on the floors of the canyons. The sands in canyons near the mainland contain lower percentages of calcium car- bonate than do the muds, in agreement with the low content of calcium carbonate in sands atop the mainland shelves as compared with that of muds on the basin slopes and floors. In contrast, the sands in offshore canyons have more calcium carbonate than the muds, again in response to the shelly nature of sands of island shelves and bank tops. Third, and least important, are small quantities of sediment from the outer parts of the shelves which are moved into the canyons, probably by occasional storm waves. Their presence is attested by occasional grains of glauconite and phosphorite, authigenic sediments which are most com- mon on bank tops and on the outer parts of shelves. As shown by Menard (1955) and by Emery (1960a), the quantities of sediment in sub-sea fans and aprons far exceed the volume of rock which has been removed during erosion of the canyons. Since the fans consist mostly of sand, it is evident that the canyons act as conduits for movement of sand from near shore to deep water. As pointed out by others, this movement may act as a sort of giant chain saw cutting down- ward into the bedrock floors of the canyons. Deepening of the axes steepens the side walls and allows more sliding of muds from the canyon walls, possibly leading to lateral enlargement of the canyons. Future work from manned or televised deep-diving vehicles should go far toward investigating this interesting geological agent of erosion. Downcutting of canyon axes by moving axial sands should clear away a strip through the blanketing muds or prevent the muds from being deposited. Any aquifer which has been exposed through erosion by the same sand or by other possible canyon-forming agents is thereby exposed to the sea water. If the internal water pressure is greater than hydro- static pressure of sea water at the outcrop, fresh water should leak to the sea. If the reverse is true, owing to over-pumping or perhaps to natural causes, sea-water intrusion should occur. Because of widespread Over-pumping in the intensely cultivated and highly populated coastal areas of southern California, sea-water intrusion is well known. It is generally made manifest by increasing salinity of water wells (Emery, 1960a). Deeper aquifers, largely untapped by water wells, may be expected to behave differently than the over-pumped shallow ones. No. 1 EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 63 Accordingly, it should occasion no great surprise to learn that the deep aquifers still discharge fresh water, as did the shallow ones during the nineteenth century. The quantity of discharge must be small compared with the volume of sea water within the canyons. Accordingly, one should not expect to detect it through water analyses, except perhaps of interstitial waters of axial sands or by visual inspection from deep- diving vehicles. The finding of fresh-water worms and the absence of marine animals in more than a score of axial sediment samples serves as a clear indication of seaward loss of water from deep aquifers. Prob- ably most of the loss of fresh water from these aquifers occurs through the canyons because they represent the points of outcrop of aquifers nearest land and thus are the focal points of the steepest pressure gradients. 64 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 LITERATURE CITED BENEST, H. 1899. Submarine gullies, river outlets, and fresh-water escapes beneath the sea-level. Geogr. Jour., 14:394-413. BuFFINGTON, E. C. 1951. Gullied submarine slopes off southern California (Abstr.). Geol. Soc. America, Bull., 62:1497. 1952. Submarine “natural levees.” Jour. Geol., 60 :473-479. in press. Geophysical evidence on the origin of gullied submarine slopes, San Clemente, California. Jour. Geol. CoHEE, G. V. 1938. Sediments of the submarine canyons off the California coast. Jour. Sedi- ment. Petrol., 8:19-33. Emery, K. O. 1954. Source of water in basins off southern California. Jour. Mar. Res., Igyele7Aill, 1960a. The sea off southern California: a modern habitat of petroleum. 366p. Wiley, New York. 1960b. Basin plains and aprons off southern California. Jour. Geol., 68 :464- 479. Eme_ry, K. O., ANp F. P. SHEPARD 1945. Lithology of the sea floor off southern California. Geol. Soc. America, Bull., 56 :431-477. Emery, K.O., AND R. D. TERRY 1956. A submarine slope of southern California. Jour. Geol., 64:271-280. GorsLINE, D. S., AND K. O. EMERY 1959. Turbidity- -current deposits in San Pedro and Santa Monica basins off southern California. Geol. Soc. America, Bull., 70:270-290. HARTMAN, OLGA 1962. A new monstrillid copepod parasitic in capitellid polychaetes in south- ern California. Zool. Anz., 167 :325-334. Jounson, D. W. 1938-39. Origin of submarine canyons. Jour. Geomorphol., 1:111-129, 230-243, 324-340; 2:42-60, 133-158, 213-236. LuskIN, B., B. C. HEEZEN, M. Ew1nc, AND M. LANDISMAN 1954. Precision measurement of ocean depth. Deep-sea Res., 1:131-140. MENARD, H. W. 1955. Deep-sea channels, topography, and sedimentation. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geologists, Bull., 39:236-255. NorTuHrRoP, JOHN 1953. A bathymetric profile across the Hudson Submarine Canyon and its tributaries. Jour. Mar. Res., 12:223-232. RITTENBERG, S. C., K. O. EMERY, AND W. L. OrR 1955. Regeneration of nutrients in sediments of marine basins. Deep-sea Res., 3 :23-45. SHEPARD, F. P. 1951a. Mass movements in submarine canyon heads. Amer. Geophys. Union, Trans., 32 :405-418. 1951b. Transportation of sand into deep water. Soc. Econ. Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Spec. Pub., 2:53-64. SHEPARD, F. P., AND C. N. BEARD 1938. Submarine canyons: Distribution and longitudinal profiles. Geogr. Rev., 28 :439-451. SHEPARD, F. P., AND K. O. EMERY 1941. Submarine topography off the California coast: Canyons and tectonic interpretations. Geol. Soc. America, Spec. Pap. 31, 171p. SHEPARD, F. P., R. REVELLE, AND R. S. DIETZ 1939. Ocean bottom currents off the California coast. Science, 89 :488-489. APPENDICES 10° 00° 90° c0" 80° c0" £0° £0 VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS N = % (1yeplels) N 80° aa st LV wr! vt $9" vc a4 ve OT st £3° "fe 9¢ Of oT st 9+" 0'~ co? 9L° Of a4 v'Y Lt 97 4 os L's oC ct Vy ce % (ee (0a1Ip) 9%, UatToyJa09 OQ URZIQ*HeD Bups0g ARID % ls % pues /[aaveis = 76/9¢% 0 tI 98 OTT" 0 86 «00,£1 u0£,80 $069 c 8 06 vst 4 1c9 u00,ST “00,10 1069 61 02 IT cc0° 1! tly u8C,v1 «00,£0 0069 (4 Or oS /9E SOE 6 ISP u8C,v1 uSS,£0 6689 1c $L S 810° ov ele uS$,Et 100,50 8689 v Te $9 $60° 6 Ste ubt,Et utT,90 £689 at ch Sv Ts0° oT ILé ubt, £1 u8t,L0 9689 cc L9 IT 610° 0 6fP ubt,vt uS$,£0 189 0 est u8t,Et 100,80 8895 0 Le uOE,bT uS£,S0 989S cl cL 91 ct0'0 0 OLE uOT,bT u$C,50 cess L 8ZT uS TE 100,80 Tess 0 £Le uOT tT u0£,S0 STIS 4 6 68 scr" 02 Sol u02,£1 100,80 bits 82 £9 6 T£0° 0 60£ uSV,ET6TE WS T,LOoE 981 [usu | [uw] [ut] ‘BU0T WT ‘ON (Wy >) (Mb-29) (71Z9<) Ja}9WIeIP sIxeaAoqe wyidoq ajduies pues % UrIpy = =—- YSTaH 66 NOANV7) dWANINY 67 SUBMARINE CANYONS EMERY AND HULSEMANN No. l 0 0s8 uSC,OSo8IE w9T,LS T2sZ co $61 Sas o'r St £9 @ 800° 0 C6L utt,10 u0E,8S £169 +0" ty’ 0~ ST 8 LS St 1S0° 0 I2Z u£2,t0 u072,65 o£ c169 c0° be st st 9 £€ 19 cL0 0 tb9 uS€,S0 100,10 1169 90° c8" $'2 Le 02 $9 st +c0° St 8S «0,0 u£¥,C0 0169 90° £8" Sc o¢ 97 c9 L/S +10 h4 cSt u0£,20 w0S,10 6069 0 sr" vT st 0 I £6/9 St" 0 L9E uet,90 uct ,b0 L069 T0° £9" aA ot T + 68/9 897° 0 SLY uct ,S0 uS,£0 +069 $0° ve Se LY 97 6£ SE 620° 0 ose 121,90 ucb,b0 £069 c0" 90° 6'T V+ 9 cl £5 /6¢ 986'T 0 6tT 122,50 102,50 c069 10° 8'T eT £ £ +6 Ort Sot ST uSt,50 ub1,S0 CS8b 80° oC oT 9T tb Th c+0" Sct IZT uSS,S061E W0E,£0.>E 1S8h % % [iser.] [ww] [w]) — [w] ‘Buoy a ON ((4e palsy) (ao041p) % woarnye0d (p>) (Mp7) (NZ9<) AXJIWEIP sIxeaaoqe yYidaq ajdueg N J HURZIQ DPD Bunsog AvlIQ% 31g % pueg % uerpayw Iy31H NOANVS Noa VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 68 Ie L0°? 0'r Ve 62 19 co 68'T {+ Og Lé o9 he $9'T Ve s’¢ ce 6S +0" 8s" 61 £°¢ Jaye CL a L8'T VC oar Ht +I £0° 8°6 (4| 67 % % [rea] (1yeppefsy) (39241p ) % yuarsyes0a (p>) (W4-29) N DUeBIQ We Bunsog AID % ls % or ia! 61 IT 6L (179<) sAa}aWIeIp pues % ueripay NOANVS IWaG c10° £10" e720" +10" 280° [uu] 0 08s u9E 8b 0 ItZ u8¥,05 0 IZ «00,6¢ st Ofs uS 1 8b 0 662 u0b,8% 0 955 uS £80 0 cs9 uS1,6b Of £08 ulL7 8b Lé tLe uS18P 0 86E uSV,8b 0 $06 wl L VS o8ET [uw] [uw] ‘Buoy sixe aaoqe wyidaq IYySI9H u8t,Ls uSE,9S uC ,LS u0£,8S u$T,6S u0S,LY ucC,L$ uLt 8S wS 1,6 u0T,6S u&C,¥S o€€ wy L169 9169 S169 $689 9L9S bL9S $0Ss 9b0S $962 ‘ON ajdwieg 69 SUBMARINE CANYONS EMERY AND HULSEMANN No. 1 LV bS'T O'+ 90° $6" v'C 80° 89° 8°? 80° 89° ve or 86° vt cf S8'C c8 or 9C°E 68 scl % % (I4ePlafy) (erp) =—-% 6C Lt 8b S£ T+0° 0 tsb «00,6 u8T,SS £829 ob T St OL/+1 fc 0 gt ucS ct u8S,SS 1829 ce 9 $e 04 col 0 £81 u07Z, EE uLt,S$ 0829 8° 6 8c £9 Scr 0 SLY uct BF u6C,SS 6LL9 9S $1 bb ly Lads St £85 uSS 1b u£S,S 8LL9 0'f 8£ 19 I £00° 0 O18 u0E,c+ uSENS LLL9 8°C 8£ 6S £ 900° 0 £28 u0C, 1 u0E 8h 9LL9 aa at £Z tI ct0" 061 £9b uST,6E «80,05 66£E 9% ct Is LE £b0° 0 Off uSS,SE u0£,SS O8TE aa 61 19 02 8£0° 0s c9E 100,8£ u6E,SS 6LTE Ve ce 89 or O10" OL Ttp u8b,6£ u8E 0S 8LTE ce Le £9 9 910° O£ cbs u9E Tb u9T,ES LLIE re 9¢ cL c 600° O£ cl9 wLS,\ u8S 1S ILE cel 892 u0E,LE uC1,SS 000 ve 8T 89 tT $£0° SOT bSb u00,0Fo8TT TT, ES o€€ 6667 [ysea.y ] [uu | [ur] [ur] ‘Su0T WT ‘ON WTI (Mh >) (Mt-Z79) (AZO<) sXaWIeIP sIxeaaoqe ydaq ajdureg N OD HWURTIQ DBD Bunsog AvIQ% HIS % purg % ueripayy SIH eee——oS750—OwsaeeOqmaqoaoeleleooeooeeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeee Ee NOANV*) VOINOJ] VINVS ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 70 uey $£8 u 10,28 100,0F CLbe ury 8+8 ib0,08 00,0+ 0zbz uey 808 460,92 00,2 61+Z ury 948 00,82 u8S,1b SObz ury 018 00,82 u8S,U bOrz uey ItZ «00,82 180,bb £0td wey +6L 190,08 uSS,Vb £987 6T 02 09 02 T£0° uey cs9 uS VE uc0,9b CIES 07 ZI 0+ 8+ 090° adojsurseq Tg uL0,08 u0,Lb 1987 F19ys LS u£0,9C 100,8¢ 6SEC ury £58 4£0,92 70,0 ZzET se ett u0C,0e 18S 60 C617S L CL? uB8b,SC ucv,6v 16172 OT bbe u8£,97 v6 1,60 0612 0 Zeb u0E,8Z ufE,8b 681Z 09 Zs 16£,08 190,8+ IS1Z 0¢ SLs u9 1,18 195 Lb ostz 0 6£2 ulLé/SC ub 6b 6b1Z2 0 862 u£S,S2 WE 6b 8t1Z uey 108 u8b LE o8tT u8C, bot 6£1C % % [yer] [wm] fw) wr] Su0y ae] “ON (geppafsy) (a9241p) —-% += yuaroyya0o (>) (He-z9) (Z9<) sojouEIp sixv aaoqe tdaqy ajdureg N Qoursig *opeg Buisi0og Arlpg% WIS % pureg% uripy IwsPH NOANV2) OGNOdd y SUBMARINE CANYONS rial EMERY AND HULSEMANN No. l 62 or 0S 0b £0" OF 61S 86,60 u9 L,8P LOTE Ve Il 9S £¢ 620° S £9€ uvt,Le uS 1,60 OOS C4 8 95 9€ 6£0° 0 8bl whE,ve cS 6% +9TE 9° 87 OL Z 900° LE It aa 14 w£S,6b £9TE ues 96L 00,9 00,4 +6LZ Liv rad cb 9€ 8£0° TAl 9b 400,Z£ 00,8 £612 0°€ 2 59 a £z0' adojsuiseq = 9S¢ 16S ,£& 16S ,Lb Z6LE bb +S Z 400° ues 69L v£0,9E 00,8 1622 8°Z 81 85 +2 £70’ adojsutseq bE 400,9€ 185,60 0622 Sb £S Zz $00° adojsutseq L9T uS0,b€ 065,60 6822 uey S28 w0S,SE 16S ,S> 6ZLZ $I 8 Sb Ly 850° O£b Zl 400,2E 00,05 LEL@ a4 Lt 6L + 970° OLE O£I 400,0€ 400,05 92LZ ]aAvID pue 4901 00£ LOT 100,82 400,08 SCLé urj z09 00,0€ 00,9 E@LZ uRj bLL 165 ,£E uc0,bb 0292 ury 008 10,26 u00,C% 6192 uRy StL 16S 6% 400,¢+ 9LbZ uey 989 u£0,28 uc0,bb SLbZ ues ISL w80,PEo8IE u80,908E +FLbZ % % [yses7] [uu | [uw] [ur] ‘Bu0T ‘WeT ‘ON (14eplafsy) (39971p) = 2% =~ uaroyya0o (p>) (Mb-Z9) (ZI<) AajouLIP sxe aaoge yidaq ajduies N Qaruedig *ODk8D Sunsog AeIQ% yIS%w% pueg% urrpyw Iwspy (panurju07) NOANV7) OGNOdIY ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 72 80° +6" os oC ot 6S $c 9£0° 0 119 085 9S uS€,LE 06cL tT £e'T ov 2 2 61 Lv vf 9£0° z u u0S ,0€ uV1 8b 682L c0° 90° Og LY I v $6 est 0 09S u0S ,0E ATS 68¢L $0" LS° a4 vt L Lt 9L 880° u w uv1 67 167,80 88cL 60° 86° Ve 6 br 9 0s 290° 0 £08 u¥1 60 162,80 882 st Ist 6E a 2 02 Ts 62 620° ab u ut$ LE uS¥ 80 L8CL cr orl 8°¢ (oe? Lt Sv 8f 8£0° 0 Lev u£S LE uSt,80 L8CL OT: crt 0'v sf 91 £v Iv £+0° a u! uv5 9S ucC 60 98CL vr 0c'T 6£ ft st Sv Ov +0" am a} uvS9C uc0,60 98CL cv cc'l a 3 4 cl vE s 290° 0 BLE uV5S 97 u0C,60 98CL $c Iv'2 8 0g st 08 $ $t0° 0 9¢C u8£,SC v3 ,6¥ $8CL 6 68'T ov a4 LI 99 LI T£0° 0 Let ul fe u£S 60 b8cL £0" 82° LST ve £¢ 8S 61 610° #1248 9L uk BC u9S LY L189 02 96'T os st It £S 9¢ TS0° 8 BLE uv¥0,LE uf 1,60 9189 60° crt LS Ve 12 $s <4 £20 98 c8e uv5,9C u¥1 6b $189 8c 9v'7 69 ot $é £9 @ 600° uvy 98L uSLVE uch ID SLL9 gr 89'T LY ve 8¢ £9 6 $T0° whe 099 u0S CE uv0,Lb bLL9 L0° Ltt vt $ £f c9 cL0° 00+ 9bT u0S,£E u81,0S 096$ 8°02 eT 8 SZ ZI c+0" Ofb Oct u&C,CE «00,08 S8EE a4 ST 18 14 £10" uey 90L uc, £E ut £,90 69TE 9¢ cl £s St £0 $f $Ss wOL,CEoBIE WOb, LHF 89TE % % [yser1] [usu | [wi] [ur] ‘Buoy eT ‘ON ({yepyefsy) (39e1Ip) Y% yaryjsod (lp>) (Mp-79) (1Z9<) AaJaWeIP sixe aaoqe yIdaq ajduies N OD WUeBIO *ODRD Burjsog AejDQ % WIS % pues % uerpayw IYysIOH (penurjuo7) NOANVD OdNoaay 73 SUBMARINE CANYONS EMERY AND HULSEMANN No. l cA\\ 90'°T oC VC LT ss 872 9£0° 0 C97 u£0,9T 80,8 99TL $0" 0s° 6'T (am | v c8 tI +b0’ cL 8ST ”00,9T uv, Le S9TZ S0° JAS ef ae f 9 6S SE +S50° LSE £fT u6b,9T uS tLe PIOTL £0° cor VT v'T 0 (A 8S L90° 6IT 19 uoe,ST ui2,LE £9TZ $0" It’ ST VT + +S (4 +S0° 0 76 uv7,St u8v,Le CITL u8t,9T ule, Le T9TZ $0° cs’ rT 0SZ 06-022 ubt,9T w0S,LE I9TZL $0 SS: 64 Se t5 O¢ ZS 280° uN i) uvS IT wVl6§ O9TZ LN: cesT 3 Ve £72 (A) St 610° 0ot 904 ubS,9T u¥1,6€ O9TL Ost 89+b u07C,8T 80,8 SSTZ co L0°% o'r £°¢ TE 09 6 TT0° 0 9TZL uv01,02 u0¥,8¢ 1989 st’ OLT NS 9°¢ (a3 $s £1 600° 0 +0 w0S,9T 100,6€ 9589 /E\ CLT cig 8° SZ Ss 02 720" 0 L8T 08,91 uS¥,6E S89 9T° 9L'T 83°C Ov 62 gs 8T £10 0 Z81 u8C,91 uS¥,6€ $S89 0 199 185,80 u9Z 8 £059 0 Les wST,LT u8v,8F 7089 0 61 uwLv,9T uV£,6¢ T0S9 002 19 v0S,8T avs ,LE 6£95 02 999 uc ,6r 160,8¢ Off? 0 zs HES LT 00,8 LIEZ 00£ Liv ul2,02 u00,1¥ 61722 0S7z 6S¢ 76S 6To8Il al0,0FEE SIC % % % [yseryz] [uu] [ur] [wi] ‘BuoT WT ‘ON (14eplafy) (3e.1p) yuatoya09 (Mh>) (M-79) (HZ9<) AajouTeIp sixe aaoqe yIdaq ajduieg N = DotueB1Q *ODVD Buns0og ArIQN% Ig % pues % uvrmpasy wpSrayzy AATIV A VAS OUGIg NvS ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 74 0c" 89'T US a 8c £9 6 9T0° 9S $95 ult 81 ubb,8E £8tZ L0° 89° a4 ST tT 6£ LY L+0° Sst Str 18S 81 u00,8£ c8IL He Os'T 0'r oT 8T 4 cl L10° 06 00s ul 8h u90,8E T8TZ 80° OL" 4 vt tT 0+ oF tt0° O12 Ost «00,81 ucS LE O8TZ st" OL'T st ial ff 8S 6 110° 89 cov u90,LT u0S ,8E 6LTL ye Ort vr £7? IT tL ST $20" 62 18+ u9b,LT «00,6 BLITZ oT Ost Lae L? 02 99 $1 810° 0 bIP u8t,Lt ucco,6§ Hye Ue $0° TS" lee vT 0 8T c8 c+0° 861 L9 uLt,LT u8b,6£ DWE uct, Lt «90,0b SAE 60° L3° Oe 6'T as oe 9¢ 140° 00£ O8l-Of&b 27,81 uv$ 6 SLIL L0° 99° 4 tT 8 St LY L+0° 002 Ide w9T,9T uIE BE HLIL 80° Woe L? cLt 8S «90,91 u0T,6£ SLL As scl ve ct 9T tb I+ 8£0° 61T IZé v9 EIT «$0,6€ CLIL $0" isa ory eT S$ Te +9 $S0° OTE $81 ub ,Lt u8b,Le TLTZ 6 6Z°T One VE 9T 89 9T £10° 0 Sts uct,Lt uV18E OLTZ st Net tate Ee 02 +S 97 620° $9 98E utb,9t u80,8E 69TL 90° £S° £7? vt L LE 9S 1s0° T6T bLt u8t,9T uS¥,8E 89TL $0° ge a4 tT 9 6£ $s L90° LS 8S uwbESTo8IE n9C,8EoEE LOTL % % [sea] [uu [ur] [uw] ‘Bu0T ‘yeyT ‘ON (e11p) (Tyepjafyy) % yuaroysos (Wp>) (Mb-zQ (NZV<) ADJAQWIRIP sIxeaAoqe yYyIdaq ajduies DO aues19 N *OORD Buniog APID% UIS% purg% uelpyw Iwspy (penutuo)) ATTIVA V4S OUdAG NVS EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS No. 1 0 SEC u0£,SS u¥S ve OELZ 02 1852 u9E SS u00,SE 6cLL 0 1574 uv5S bv u0E,0C 8cLL 0 vel u0E,£0 u00,ST $89Z 60° 98° Lt HC 8T $9 8 ££0° 9 9L 00,9 u£S,SE $SOL £0° 6S° Lt 6'T ft $s ct Tt0° al a u8¥,SS u£O,VE bS0Z 20° 6£° LS 16 8ZT u8b,SS ute SoZ 80° 89° OT 8c IT 62 09 880° 0 96€ u02,SS uS¥ Ct £S0Z or 88° Le 4 Lt Ef) oT 9€0° 8S Och 180,98 vO ,TE cSOL 0 £0° co |! £ Ot £8 os 0 £S$ ubv,£S u9€ 6C TSOZ 0 £0° L 0 cv9 «00,2 uLC,9S OS0L L0° bZ° eT Ve 8 9S 9¢ 8£0° c 8L¥ u8S ,bS u8C,1E ceOL $0" LS° a! bt L 6+ tb 9b0° 0 ot uv$ SS uv7,9E TE£0Z eV bit 6° st cl 6L 6 cc0° £ $8 uv S$ uf¥,SE O£0L 19% $o'T TT 4 02 $Z $ 970° v OLT uS¥,SS uS0,SE 620L 80° OL" 6° LT tI 9S O£ 20° 0 cLé u8C,SS wf Tbe 8c0L 80° tL ct Of 8T 6£ tb Tt0" 0 £S¢ u82,SS ut Le LCOL 80° $6° VT 8 3 02 £$ Le 620° 0 c8t uSb,SS ul ve 9COL ae £0'T 6° L@ 12 $9 ma £20 0 co u9S,SS uS SE $cOL [MS a4 or Ort u8S,SS uSE,SE 199s sv Lt 0 £6 uL$,S$ u9b,SE LOES oT or cr 8b $$0° 0 LE uv5 SS ul IE OScs cr Pe) 0 LE w00,9SoLTE WOT, IEEE 9008 % % Dises1] (wu) [w) [wi] ‘Buoy WT “ON (Tyepjafsy) (39011p) % yuatoyeos (Wp>) (Mp-79) (NZ9<) AaJaweIP sIxeaAoge yIdaq ajdures N =O afuediQ ‘OOF Bunsiog AID % wls% pueg% uelpa ISH NOANVO) LYOdMaN VoL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 76 10° 8T oT fed L iat 28 cor’ u uy) ucl,Sé ult 6b 640Z tc a4 8's ve 6¢ LS b 110° 0 9L6 ucl St ult 6b 6b0Z cr’ 9S € 66 ss 8 19 T L00° 06 802 ul b,60 u&b,eS 8toZ (As 90°T Ve Ve 6 8 £s 290° 0 £6L ut £,67 ule,vS LboZ L0° Me cl vt £ SZ cL $L0° 0 LIS utt,61 u8t,bS 9b0L 90° 8 3° aa! £ 6 88 $60° IT ble ub7,91 090,28 StOL 90° TS" VT cur 9 (ZG CL LLO’ 0 6L ulL7,St ut,eS troZ c0° A ont vT if S +6 a 0 Gel! uSS,ST ut,LS £b0Z 9 LOE 8°6 Ve Of L9 £ 010° 06 Sts u0E,EC u00,bS TH0Z 10° J) 8° el e 9 c6 £01 0 £e9 u8E,£C ucv tS Ob0Z $0° tr 6 tT £ $ c6 £60" a ILE u00,L1 uct, £S 6£0L or 6° oC 9S LI 8b St 140° 002 1cl uct IT u8v,cS 8E0L 60° 13° OT Sal 8 £2 69 cL0° L 69£ uol,Lt uct, £S 9E0L 80° 8S" cl 0 £9T u8b,ST u81,eS b£0Z 10° a cl oar £ £ +6 68" c cor uSS,SToLIT wO,TSodf ££0L % % Laser] [ww] = (w] [w] Buoy wy ON (1yeppafs) (392ITp) % yuaroyjaod (Wp>) (Mp-79) (MZ9<) ADJoUILIP sIxe aAoqge yidaq ajdures N — Q.tueBIQ "QOD Bupszog AID % WIS % purgsy% urrpayw IWsPH Deen ee ee eee ee OOOO OOOO ————— NOANV‘) VTT0[ Vv] ae, EMERY AND HULSEMANN: SUBMARINE CANYONS No. l ov 9v'T 0'OT V2 6 6S ce 9£0° a s u&l 0% u07,1E 7$89 Lo (4:3 a or Sv 6+ 9 $00° 62 99 uct 0 u07,1E c$89 Lo £77 HL a4 Lt 8Z $ 220" $ crs uLt NE uc, OF S89 or a4 Tvl et tI $$ 13 c£0° 6 096 «8S C7 u8b,67 089 9c tv'2 6+ Ve $v $s i! $00° 6 tht uve Bt «85,08 6489 1c $6't Lg °C aE TZ 91 ££0° 0 9S uve 8 «85,08 8r89 [se $o't tv st L $$ 8t 150° 0 vLt u8b,9t uS 1,08 Lv89 L0° 08° oe oT £ Tt 99 220° 6 tcl uv0,9T uS 1 ,0E 9¢89 80° L6° ce st or cs 8f 90° cd LL uOS,IToLIE 91,08 S89 60° 8t'T v2 oF tl Sv It tt0° a au u81 07 u00,L2 +89 $2 a 4 9°8 ot 8¢ 09 rat L10° Lt SOtt u81,0e «00,22 bb89 8c LLie $°8 ee (Zo 09 8T 20° 0 £0ct uS¥,1C8IT Shee £v89 or sol v9 oT or 0s OF T+0° 0 S9Z1 uCLCoLIt OS ,C7okE cb89 % % Cases] [orci] faa) [ur] ‘du0T wT ON (qepjafy) (a2211p) = %_~—- yuaroyyaod (p>) (Mh-79) (izg<) dajawerp sixeaaoqe yidaq ajdwes N QatueB1Q *OOkD Bunsog AeIQ% U!IS% puegs% UEP ISPH See eee NOANV<) OdVNOUOD VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 78 yn 6I'T ea Al a 8£ 6+ +50" 00+ 9L9 uc, Sb A Z189 oF" +t't CE ea Or LS £ 900° uvy $291 u8S bb 402,15 1189 L0° 6I'l BUI. sO, Or cz 89 880° " " uch SP 100,£S 0189 Ov" It'e pte O26 Ib zs L 900° 0 L8E1 uch Sb 100,£5 0189 50° 0% Loe Lb + 8 88 9b'€ OSE £29 ub 9b 16805 6089 81° +L'T o'er Del 81 9£ 9b L+0" 0 Mu uce,LY u 0,65 8089 0z° 60°2 ra eT 14 Sb lf 820" 0 206 ute, Lb OE 4S 8089 8° 9E°L +01 Mu " uLV25 190,95 9089 80° Ts'T os Oct Ic¢ uLt,cS 190,98 9089 L0° $0'T £‘cl oy! 0 ot 06 OSC 0 65h uct,0S uSC,9S $089 ZO" 95° Vor ci, 0 L £6 892" 0 68 u$S,SSo61T ulE6SofE £089 Y %, [yse1] [ura] [ur] [ur] ‘Bu0T aha | ‘ON (TuePIef) (322z1p) = %_~— uatouyaoo (p>) (mMp-79) (Z9<) saaWEIP sIxeaaoqe yrdaq ajduieg N QD HULBIQ*OOPD Bupzog ArjQ% IS % purg % uvripayw 3ysrayy a ll TTT NOANV<) ZAUD VINVS 79 : SUBMARINE CANYONS EMERY AND HULSEMANN No. l 02° 10°% S00 Als £Z tL + 610° 061 6S uSC,¥E mleite 1£89 ag £s"T Of 6 802 400,¥E 85,20 0£89 80° 6t'T LZ £58 wO1,9E WEEE 6289 Le IS'€ +t 6'£ LE 6S + £00° 0 ZLZ1 50,6€ u0E,0Z 8789 Of" 69°2 1'8 8°E Lz 95 LI ST0° 06 SbZl Sb, 8E wL1,02 L789 10° 90'T 0 91L 80,8 MUSE 9789 ale 86° 6°S Lz 02 L9 rat 1£0" 0 £9¢ AELGLE u01,£% $789 oe 96° Lit Vb +E $9 i 010" § 902 u10,0€ wO1,£% +789 0° $8" Eb 94 +z 89 8 810° 0 88 u8£,6% uO1,£% £789 or 06° 09 6% Lt 9L L 620" 0 91Z v10,0€ wO1,£% 2289 00€ 992 RE u9¥,£2 1289 10° ra 611 Ze rat Le Or 0+0° 0 65S MELEE Mors 0289 a +6' 2 9° 81 99 91 1£0' 0 6LE uL0,1E ubS 22 6189 60° 9L° 0'8 6°% 61 +9 LI 820° LE Z9E LS OE UES ,CC 8189 0 +16 w8S,9Eo8IE WOE,ZToEE LBZ % % [yse4],] [wut] [w] [ur] ‘Bu0T ‘yeT ‘ON (TyepPlafsy) (39241p) = -%_~— uayayya0d (b>) (b-79) (MZ9<) sJQVaUIEIP sIxeaaoqe dag ajduieg N = QoruesiQ*oorD Bunsog ALD % IS % puegy% uerpay IwsPH NOANVZ) VNITVLVO VINVS ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 80 T0° 86°C $62 st 9 £2 L9 £$0° $s +9 u8t,c0 u9t VE LE89 TT 964 «81,$0 «00,9€ 9£89 20° £8" O'ET eT 0 T 66 812° 0 862 uS1,L0 u90,LE $£89 cr LS°% 6°LZ st 6 6c 4) 290° a £09 ub2, 10061 b2,68 £89 $0 Ort +1 eT 0 L £6 ber L £18 u0¥,8S uv$ LE ££89 80° 7a | CCC 6T 6 ce 69 $60° u u u0¥,SS u9 EEE c£89 cl 6c'£ cSt L’¢ $ ov 62 +20" £ 86c1 wOP,SS.8TE IEEE CE c£89 (IWERIESD) (MIP) % aBaIjno> (HE) (rey) (an<) amauelp setasoge BQ TT deg N DHUEBIO*ODPD Bunzog API % lg % pues % uvrpayw IysPH NOANVD) YINNV TL $0° 9v'T Le 4 0S2 16ST u0£,21 u672,tb 1+89 10° aS Lh 981 oc9T uct uSf,vb 0F89 $0° orl O'>T 68 c L 16 £02" 0 90¢T ufb,ST u0E,9P 6£89 $0 6'T Lgt L 0S6 w0S,LTo8TE OT 8bock 8£89 (Iyepefsy) §=—% Cyseay] [uur] [ur] [ut] "Bu0T wT ‘ON WY, (9a1Ip ) % yuatays0a (ty>) (p-79) (WZ9<) Ja}QWIeIP sIxeaaoqe yidaq ajduieg N = OD AueSIQ*OONRD Bunsog APjIQ% Uls% purgy% uelpa~ I39sPyH AATIVA LAT TLNIWAITD NvS ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 PART 2 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART Ji BIOLOGY BY OLGA HARTMAN UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1963 mien HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 PART 2 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART be BIOLOGY BY OLGA HARTMAN UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1963 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Part II BIOLOGY by OLGA HARTMAN Tue UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS ALLAN HANcockK PAcIFic EXPEDITIONS VoLuME 27, Part II IssUED DECEMBER 30, 1963 Price $15.00 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction . Acknowledgements . Methods Summaries of the Fauna in the Submarine Canyons Comparison of Shelf and Canyon Faunas . Standing Crop Abundance of Animals Respecting Areal Coverage . On the Replacement of Species in the Submarine Canyons In Successive Canyons . Within Canyons . On the Total Number of Species in the Canyons Characteristics of Animals in the Canyons Photographic Results . List of Stations . Analyses of Samples Literature Cited . Modexcor scientiic INames’.."2)°; 2 1 3) eS ow ae 18. 19; 20. Zi. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Zi. ey eae eee LIST OF FIGURES Index map showing the locations of the thirteen submarine canyons biologically sampled. Hueneme canyon. Mugu canyon. Dume canyon. Santa Monica canyon. Redondo canyon. ?Golfingia sp., a sipunculid, penetrating Rhabdamina, a foraminiferan. San Pedro sea valley. Newport canyon. La Jolla canyon. Monstrilla capitellicola, a parasitic copepod, and the host species, Capitella capitata oculata. Coronado canyon. Santa Cruz canyon. Catalina canyon. San Clemente rift valley. Tanner canyon. a, ceriantharian ; b, sipunculid ; c, enteropneust ; d, Listriolobus pelodes,; e, Arhynchite sp. a, Ophiura litkeni; b, Acila castrensis ; c, Cardita ventricosa; d, Solemya panamensis ; e, Compsomyax subdiaphana; f, Molpadia intermedia. Heteromastus filobranchus. Mugu canyon, Sta. 7521, in 850 meters. Dume canyon, Sta. 7520, in 638 meters. Santa Monica canyon, Sta. 7517, in 695 meters. Newport canyon, Sta. 7725, in 211 meters. Largest animals from Newport canyon, Sta. 7729. Newport canyon, Sta. 7730, in 235 meters. Newport canyon, Sta. 7728, in 741 meters. Three largest animals from Newport canyon, Sta. 7728. opting tend Gly ban heirs Ai MATAG @ Siberia SA a ae _ wiki Bibahlcye te AONE othr ier ‘thd jane ccna elie? ahjn naman yey ig wine sin <4 released . © teeterrty fas . 5 bat eeneiiel Af (Qala) terete be + : (qe Viul-urgas bos Can ee id ny sae merviean pliek OF kell 4¥ fans ivtt!'t - conden gicqonvatienc.? ys \ahex “ema had caine edn ow) ieee, eek Santa WRG L2t 22 eur eiie tego bynes OF were ne ae ee witein CVO ji. vas , 02 novia ninohgnad ae wcegtoces LE EN ae: cee rung PLCS ad huvnns heqanit mest planing segues eoeroety PEL hi FETT ete hapiied HeRERevPe So ee, oy A ae AST Yas Foner! cole en NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART 11 BIOLOGY By Oitca HarTMAN INTRODUCTION This study of the benthic fauna of the submarine canyons off southern California is the third in a series of areal studies on the quantitative, ecological, and systematic evaluations of the marine ben- thic invertebrate animals existing along the borderlands of southern California. A biological sampling program was begun in 1952, along the shelf and slope lands of the San Pedro area, using a large orange-peel-grab sampler, covering about a fourth of a square meter of surface. The analysis of more than two hundred samples from the San Pedro area resulted in the recovery of several hundred kinds of invertebrate animals, with locations showing their distribution, abun- dance, community structure and physical environment (Hartman, 1955). The shallow bottoms of Santa Monica Bay were next sampled, chiefly in the environs of outfall lines, from shallowest shelf to slope depths. The results (Hartman, 1956) showed the possible effects of waste products on the kinds, numbers and productivity of bottom areas. Analyses of 150 samples revealed the predominance of polychaetes in shallowest depths, followed by polychaetes with small crustaceans and pelecypods in deeper bottoms. A more diversified fauna but lower in standing crop was found in areas more remote from waste bottoms. The shelf depths off southern California, from Point Conception to, south of the Mexican border, were next sampled. Several thousand quantitative samples were taken between 1955 and 1960. The analyzed results, based on more than 200 samples completely classified, revealed the presence of many kinds of animals existing in predictable as- sociations and changing with kinds of sediments, distance from shore, depth of bottom, and other physical factors. The detailed analyses (Hartman, in press) are voluminous; they provide data on more than 1700 species of invertebrate animals, including chiefly polychaetes, echinoderms, small crustaceans (mainly amphipods), mollusks (mainly small pelecypods), echiuroids, and a few other kinds. 2 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.27 Following the shelf studies, the investigations were concerned with thirteen deep, submarine basins off southern California. One hundred seventy-two large Campbell grab samples were taken in depths of 627 to 2571 meters. Their analyses resulted in the documentation (Hartman and Barnard, 1958-60) of 317 species of metazoan animals. They belonged chiefly to four major groups of animals with the follow- ing distribution: 170 kinds of polychaetes; 55 crustaceans of which 34 were amphipods, 10 isopods, 3 tanaids, 2 cumaceans, 2 ghost shrimps, 1 munnid crab and 3 or more ostracods; 30 echinoderms of which 22 were ophiuroids; 35 mollusks of which 17 were pelecypods, the other 18 including gastropods, scaphopods and solenogasters; 27 other species including coelenterates, echiuroids, sipunculids, enteropneusts and ascidians. Highest specific values were found in the Catalina and San Pedro basins, with 119 and 115 specimens to a square meter respectively, and lowest values were in Santa Monica, a longshore basin, and San Nicolas and West Cortez basins, each with 12 speci- mens to a square meter. Standing crop values were uniformly low, ranging from about 50 grams to a square meter (in a sample from an outer basin, containing a large echiuroid) to a low of 1.5 grams to a square meter in San Clemente basin. The number of specimens varied from a high of 123 to a square meter in Catalina basin, to a low of 11 in Santa Monica basin. The continuation of the benthic program resulted in the recovery of many species unknown to science. Some have been described (Hart- man, 1961, and Barnard, 1959-1962), but many others, especially from the lower ends of canyons, remain to be done and are currently under study. The third aspect of the benthic program was the investigation of the submarine canyons, of which 13 were sampled and the biological results given below. This sequence of studies—shelf, basin, canyon— from a single geographic area, the borderlands of southern California, makes possible a comparison of quantitative biological evaluations. It should be noted, however, that slope depths are still largely unex- plored, and future studies might concern themselves with sampling these areas, starting at about the 200 meter depth to threshold depths of all the basins. The procedures for taking and processing the samples have varied little except for the substitution of a larger, Campbell grab in deeper bottoms, instead of the smaller orange-peel-grab used in the first NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 3 studies. The results may not have differed much, however, because the hard-packed sediments in many shelf depths (100 meters or less) are not easily taken with either orange-peel, or Campbell, or any other kind of grab. The thirteen largest offshore submarine canyons of southern Cali- fornia (Fig. 1) are scattered along the shelves, where they cross Los Angeles eer 1. Santa Cruz 2. Huenéme 3. Mugu 4. Dume 5. Santa Monica 6. Redondo 7. San Pedro 8. Santa Catalina 9. Newport 10. Tanner ll. San Clemente 12. La Jolla 13. Coronado 121° 120° 119° 118° 117° Fig. 1. Index map showing the locations of the thirteen submarine canyons biologically sampled. slopes, extend to basins, and occur also out beyond the offshore islands. Compared to the oval-shaped basins, which comprise about a third of the offshore area and attain depths of 627 to 2107 meters, the canyons comprise much less area, are V-shaped furrows or valleys, in some places extending from the shallow shelf near shore to the deep basins, where they form broad fans. These thirteen canyons differ in location, source and in physical features. Nine border the mainland and include those named from Hueneme south to Coronado canyon (see list below) ; + ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 three border islands: Santa Cruz, Catalina and San Clemente canyons; and one, Tanner, borders submarine banks. Some of those along shore dissect almost the entire mainland shelf; such are Hueneme, Mugu, Dume, Redondo, Newport and La Jolla canyons. Three others, Santa Monica, San Pedro and Coronado canyons, cross only an outer end of the shelf lands. Most of those bordering the mainland have their axes at right angles to the mainland or curve counter clock-wise in a southeasterly direction, from head to mouth ends. Because of their proximity to the shelf, their faunal assemblages might be expected to resemble those in shallower bottoms; this expectation has been only partly realized, as shown below. Typically a canyon consists of head, or upper, and mouth, or lower ends, with walls of varying steepness, an axis, and a fan where it adjoins the basin or trough adjacent to it. The degree of slope varies so that there is a gradual decrease downward. The biological samples were taken at pre-selected sites along the lengths of the canyons, which range in length from 4 to 15 miles. Their lengths are approximately: Mugu, 4 miles; Dume and San Pedro, each 5; Newport, 6; Hueneme and Catalina, each 7; Tanner, 8; Santa Monica and Redondo, each 9; Coronado, 10; San Clemente, 11; Santa Cruz, 14; and La Jolla, 15. Their depths, at the heads, vary from 15 to 950 meters, as follows, from shallowest to deepest: Mugu, 15 meters; Newport, 16 m; Redondo, 57 m; La Jolla, 79 m; Catalina, 88 m; Santa Cruz, 89 m; Hueneme, 98 m; Santa Monica, 116 m; Coronado, 123 m; San Pedro, 187 m; Tanner, 298 m; Dume, 299 m, and San Clemente, 950 meters. Their depths at the lower ends range from 621 to 1624 meters, as follows, from shallowest to deepest: Hueneme, 621 meters; Newport, 624 m; San Pedro, 716 m; Mugu, 792 m; Redondo, 853 m; Santa Monica, 873 m; Dume, 905 m; La Jolla, 976 m; Coronado, 1265 m; Catalina, 1272 m; Tanner, 1298 m; San Clemente, 1620 m, and Santa Cruz, 1624. Submarine canyons are known to exist throughout the world and their origins have been the subject of considerable interest, chiefly to geologists. The organisms existing in their sediments have not been studied quantitatively, neither has the possible effect of their presence on the physical aspects been explored. A study of life existing in the upper rims of La Jolla canyon. was made by Limbaugh and Shepard (1957, p. 637) whose reports on the fauna were based NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS J partly on direct diving operations and partly on dredging and photo- graphic records. A long list of species includes fishes and invertebrate animals, chiefly those to be expected in shelf depths. Three kinds of plants were noted: Zostera above the rim on the south side, elkhorn kelp as isolated plants, and Macrocystis, another kelp, attached to large cobbles. The most conspicuous animals inhabiting the sandy bottoms were large burrowing clams and a ceriantharid anemone. Rocky out- crops supported attached purple gorgonians and vermetid gastropods; other surface dwelling forms included starfish, sea cucumbers, large snails and a few purple sea urchins. On two occasions the egg capsules of a squid, Loligo opalescens, were so abundant on the canyon rim that they looked like snowdrifts. Of further significance was the ob- servation of decaying vegetation of kelp and surf grass along the canyon floor at its head; this becomes filled with sand and detritus carried by longshore currents. Submarine slides, estimated to occur about once a year, caused deepening of the canyon up to 10 to 20 feet, and was followed by subsequent filling with detritus. The invertebrate animals named in this report are chiefly shelf species attached to hard substrata, or existing in sandy or shaley or rocky bottoms. The study did not extend into the deeper parts of either La Jolla or Scripps canyons, but noted that the associations of animals possibly extended beyond the limits studied (see Results, be- low). The physical aspects of canyons, their stability or occasional change, and the remarkable uniformity may be partly due to the existing biota, especially since it has been found that like sediments support similar organisms within a canyon, in a range of depth, but that they may differ from those in adjacent shelf, or slope or basin depths, and in other canyons. Another current study on California canyons is that by Peckham and McLean (1961, p. 43), concerned with the fauna of the head of the rock-walled Carmel submarine canyon, in depths to 200 feet, using diving technics. These authors reported on a transition in the fauna at depths of 70 to 100 feet, chiefly characterized by the replacement of plants for attached corals, sponges, bryozoans and other epifaunal organisms. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project was supported by the Allan Hancock Foundation of the University of Southern California and the National Science Foun- 6 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 dation, grant G-9060. The biological samples were taken by the Foundation Research ship, VELERO IV, and members of the Founda- tion participated in the cruises. Much of the planning and performance of the field work was done under the supervision of Professor K. O. Emery and Dr. Jobst Hiilsemann. The sampling sites were carefully positioned with respect to canyon walls and axes. Mr. Robert R. Given, of the Biology Department, washed many of the samples in the laboratory, and made estimates of macroscopic weights. Further break- down and sorting in the laboratory were done by Mrs. Sonja Mulvane, laboratory assistant. Species were identified as follows: Echinoderms by Mr. Fred Ziesenhenne, who also operated the VELERO IV on the cruises, cumaceans by Mr. Robert Given, some amphipods by Dr. J. Laurens Barnard, now at the Beaudette Foundation at Santa Ynez, California. Some mollusks were named by Dr. Myra Keen of Stanford University, others by Mr. Don Wilson, formerly a student in the biology depart- ment. To all of these participants as well as others who aided in various ways, I am indebted for much help and support. Mr. Anker Petersen prepared the plates and all illustrative material. METHODS Two hundred eighty-two bottom samples were taken from the canyons of southern California, using a large Campbell grab (referred to as CG) which takes up to 130-150 liters of bottom sediment and covers an area of up to half a square meter, and a smaller orange- peel-grab (called OPG) which takes about half as much sediment and covers an area about half as large. The methods of sampling have been described in previous reports on quantitative results (see Litera- ture Cited). The processing and weighing of macroscopic animals was done in the laboratory, by sorting from the debris or screenings all of the visible animals to major group. This has been estimated to comprise 85 to 90% of the entire animal weight of a sample. ‘In most cases the tubes of animals were not weighed, but shells of mollusks and thick calcareous tests of echinoderms, which could not be removed without damaging the specimens, were included in total wet weights. SUMMARIES OF THE FAUNA IN THE SUBMARINE CANYONS The canyons, from northernmost to southernmost along shore, are Hueneme, Mugu, Dume, Santa Monica and Redondo canyons, all NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS ji confluent with the Santa Monica basin at their lower ends. San Pedro sea valley terminates in the San Pedro basin. Newport, La Jolla and Coronado canyons merge with parts of the San Diego trough. The offshore canyons, from Santa Cruz at the north, to San Clemente rift valley at the south have the following terminations: Santa Cruz canyon merges with a basin of the same name, as do also Catalina and San Clemente canyons. Tanner cannon merges with the East Cortes basin. The lower ends of these canyons consistently share the biological features of the basins which they join. Those terminating in Santa Monica and San Pedro basins are nearly or altogether dead in their basin subsill depths. Those farther south have species to be found also in the San Diego trough. The outermost canyons differ in most respects not only from ad- jacent ones, but also from longshore canyons. Specific limitations may be imposed not only by geography, location of canyon, but also by the character of its surface sediments (whether mud, sand, rock), re- moteness from land areas and available food supplies or from sources of larval replenishment. Each of the canyons illustrates the fact that there are abrupt differences in faunal components inter- and intra- canyon-wise for which explanations are wanting. A far greater samp- ling program in most canyons might result in a resolution of these differences, if species now apparently lacking were found more widely distributed. On the other: hand, it might show even greater differences than the present Analyses, if a much larger number of species were added. Some conclusions can be stated respecting the faunas of the canyons: (1) Each canyon is found to support a richly diversified fauna, high in specific entities, with as many as 262 species in a longshore (Newport) canyon. (2) The largest numbers of species in a canyon occur in shal- lowest, or shelf depths, and they are members of the shelf or slope fauna. There is a gradual decline in numbers of species (though not necessarily specimens) with depth, but there are deviations from this principle, perhaps partly due to factors other than depth. (3) Most species occur as single or few specimens in a sample, shown by the frequent recurrence of the number 1 in the ANALYSES (see below) ; these unit numbers apply to most species in most canyon depths. 8 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 (4) Many species are represented by peak or high numbers in one or a few samples, from widely dispersed places; such peak numbers may be correlated with optimum conditions for the species, with gregariousness, or with recent spat-falls of individual species, but not usually with food concentrations. (5) The replacement of species from one canyon to the next is such that from 30% to 60% are different. These differences may be partly correlated with latitude, with change in sediments, with dis- tance from shore, or with other, still unknown factors, concerned with the biology of specific entities. (6) Replacement of species within a canyon with increasing depth is also abrupt, so that more than 50% of the species may differ from one depth class to the next. These step-down effects are illustrated below. Analyses of these canyon samples have resulted in thousands of individual facts relating to the abundance or sparsity of life, to the distribution and numbers of kinds of animals of individual species, and to their occurrences in major phylogenetic groups. It is believed they represent conditions as they exist in nature, but the figures of abundance can be regarded only as minimal since only those unit parts which reach the final stage in processing can be counted. Some of the most conspicuous features are the associations of species in a sort of community structure, suggesting an obligatory relation that transcends systematic categories. Most of the species encountered in the sediments are presumably deposit feeders and perhaps not competitive for food supplies. Predators, such as large nemerteans, ceriantharians, seastars, show spatial relations that space them at more than a station apart. The sharpest breaks from one canyon to the next, concerning numbers and kinds, are shown between Monterey and Hueneme can- yon; then again from Coronado to Santa Cruz canyon, and from Catalina to San Clemente rift valley. In each of these cases there is a discontinuity in geography, or in kind of sediment. The screenings (see ANALYSES) resulting after the removal of fine silt from a sample, when washed through screens of varying mesh-sizes aboard ship, give an approximate idea of some of the physical aspects, especially the kinds of dead and non-living fractions in a given volume of sea bottom. Some samples from all of the long- shore canyons have yielded a variety of screened fractions excluding NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 9 animals; they are more completely characterized at the ends of the separate analyses, by canyon, station and depth data. Most of the samples have yielded mud in greatest abundance. This passed through the screens with ease when silty, and with difficulty when sticky. The northern long-shore canyons contained a conspicuous amount of consolidated mud balls or fecal pellets of sizes retained by the finest (about a mm mesh) screen. Some of the other inert fractions consisted of gravels, especially coming from some axes depths; woody and fibrous plant debris, possibly originating from the runoff of rivers; algal detritus, possibly from slumping of huge chunks of sedi- ments to lower levels; and dead remains of animals, such as mollusk shells, squid beaks, fish otoliths, spicules of echinoderms and siliceous sponges. (1) Monterey canyon, at 410 meters, showed considerable dead shells of Dentalium (a scaphopod) and Amphissa (snail), whereas in 750 and ‘906 meters much woody debris was correlated with low biological productivity, suggesting an upset condition, perhaps the re- sult of seawater dilution. (2) Hueneme canyon had considerable flocculent debris and dead Phyllospadix, a grass, in 98 meters, flocculent debris and gravel in 271 and 456 meters, and dead Dentalium and Amphissa shells in 478 and 621 meters. (3) Mugu canyon had shelly debris and dead sticks prominent in 378 meters, and flocculent debris in 676 meters. (4) Dume canyon had blackened shells in 638, and blackened plant debris in 711 meters. (5) Santa Monica canyon contained flocculent debris in 116 and 183 m, dead scaphopods (Dentalium) in 330 m and brown waxy lumps in 463 m. (6) Redondo canyon, in axes depths, had black shelly sand with odor of hydrogen sulfide in 137 and 148 m; plant and woody debris in 298 m, and very coarse sand in 560 m; woody debris was en- countered also in 715 m, or fan depths. (7) The San Pedro sea valley had blackened tubes and waxy lumps with plant debris in 661 m, or its lower end. (8) Newport canyon had woody debris in its shallowest, 16 m depth, much biological detritus in 36 and 97 m, and flocculent debris in 478 m. 10 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 (9) The San Diego trench, sampled only in its northern end where bottoms were fairly uniform as to depth and sediment, con- sistently contained only biological remains such as siliceous sponge spicules, dead foraminiferans, dead mollusk shells and other animals. (10) La Jolla canyon contained the same kind of screenings as the more southern Coronado canyon. At 79 and 976 meters, there was fibrous debris; woody debris occurred in 371 and 637 m, plant debris in 135, 274 and 517 meters. In its shallowest axes depths, the animals were chiefly those characteristic of lowered salinity. At its middepths the animals were those found at shelf depths, accompanied by much detritus; at its lowest depths, the animals were those of an abyssal fauna. (11) The Coronado canyon had dead shells in 177 and 344 m, and flocculent debris in 566 m. In summary, therefore, all of the long-shore canyons are character- ized by the presence of terrestrial debris or materials of noncanyon origin. In contrast, the offshore canyons failed to show the presence of detritus and woody debris as a screened residual. (12) The Santa Cruz canyon yielded pitchy lumps, in 676 m. (13) Catalina canyon yielded broken shells and blackened wood in its shallowest or 88 m depth. (14) San Clemente rift valley had a hard, impenetrable bottom and produced little in the way of samples or sediment. (15) Tanner canyon yielded biological debris, especially squid beaks, conspicuous in 298 and 603 meters. Rocky bottoms were infrequent except in San Clemente, where almost the entire canyon was rocky. In Santa Cruz canyon rocky bottoms were encountered in 218 and 221 m. Samples coming from these bottoms were generally unsatisfactory for quantitative analyses. MONTEREY CANYON This canyon is located far north of the others and was sampled only during one cruise, when a few stations were made. It is included in this series because there are interesting similarities in its benthic fauna with that farther south. Biomass values are highest in 410 meters, at 255 grams per sample, and 260 m with 224 gm per sample; they are lowest in 750 m with only 3 gm per sample. In 168 meters NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 11 the sediments are dark gray silt and support chiefly large individuals of a bamboo-worm, Asychis disparidentata, a large enteropneust and a capitellid, Heteromastus filobranchus. In 260 m, in dark gray silt, the largest animals are an echiuroid, Arhynchite sp. with 23 specimens, 4 large echinoids, Brisaster townsendi, and smaller animals of many kinds of polychaetes, crustaceans, mollusks, ophiuroids and sipunculids. In 410 meters, in olive green silt with many dead shells of Dentalium and Amphissa, the largest individuals are Arhynchite and Brisaster, accompanied by many kinds of polychaetes, some mollusks and sipuncu- lids. In 750 meters, in coarse gray sand, the screenings contain much woody and flocculent debris; the animals are small and of few kinds, including amphipods and cumaceans in large numbers, and polychaetes of the genera Capitella and Nephtys, with little else. HUENEME CANYON This canyon (see Fig. 2) was sampled in depths of 98 to 621 meters, from axis and walls. Size of samples varied from a low of 1.29 to a high of 5.16 cuft. The sediments were gray, green or black mud and silty gray sand, ranging to coarse gray sand with mud, olive green silty sand, and gray muddy sand with pebbles or gravel. In the shallowest sampled depth, at 98 m, the bottom axis sedi- ments are coarse gray sand with flocculent debris and black algal strands. Numbers of animal species run high and specimens are moderately small, with none conspicuous. In 165 meters the sediments are gray sand with tubes of Pectinaria. The largest animal is Glycera americana, associated with high numbers of Hafloscoloplos elongatus. In 177 m the bottom sediments are green to black medium sand; they support the tubicolous Asychis disparidentata and burrowing worms, chiefly Listriolobus pelodes and Heteromastus filobranchus. This depth supports the largest number of species (38) and specimens (677) recorded in Hueneme canyon. The most conspicuous kinds of animals in muds in shallow (to 200 m) depths are worms: Heteromastus filobranchus, Asychis, Gly- cera, Travisia, Pista disjuncta, Listriolobus and Cerebratulus, all selecting silty mud. Haploscoloplos and Pectinaria are most abundant in sandier sediments. In greater (373 to 478 m) depths large bris- sopsid echinoids, first Brisaster, then Brissopsis, occur with a scaph- opod mollusk, Dentalium rectius, two clams, Yoldia scissurata and Cyathodonta pedroana, together with tubicolous polychaetes Nothria 12 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. v2 19° 15 , 10’ HUENEME CANYON Y Port Hueneme Contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. "NG, a / ng! OOOO AAT . . na ‘2. 478m’ ‘ ‘ — en rn —— Fig. 2. Hueneme canyon, with contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS I pallida, Onuphis vexillaria, Spiophanes fimbriata, a thalassemid echiu- roid, Arhynchite, or Nephtys and Pectinaria, the last two where sedi- ments are sandy. A sample from 456 m, in gray mud with sand, pebbles and some gravel, had significant numbers of Capitella, an indi- cator of upset salinity conditions, and the deepest sample, in 621 m, in gray sand, is impoverished or nearly dead. The numbers of species and specimens from shallowest to deepest parts show variation, but the change in values may express differences due to kinds of sediments, with mud having generally the highest, and sand to gravel the lowest values. At greatest depths the sediments are increasingly silty and contain conspicuous amounts of black, oval fecal pellets, chiefly those of Heteromastus filobranchus (see Emery and Hilsemann, 1962, p. 170). The large burrowing echiuroid worm, Arhynchite sp., is most abundant and largest in 373 and 376 m; it exists in sediments having many fecal pellets which are cylindrical and slightly annular, differing in these respects from those of Hetero- mastus, which are elongate oval. Tubicolous worms in Hueneme canyon include (1) Pectinaria californiensis, inhabiting a slender, cone-shaped tube, and most con- centrated in depths of 338 to 376 m, where individuals number to 200 in a sample; (2) Nothria iridescens inhabiting a clay-covered, cylindrical tube and attaining highest numbers in 376 and 397 meters; (3) Nothria pallida constructing a muddy (to sticky mud) tube and attaining peak numbers in 209 and 373 m; (4) Onuphis vexillaria occupying a similar but larger tube and most abundant at 373 m. Onuphid tubes are internally lined with a white chitinized layer and thus distinguishable from those of (5) Pista disjuncta, which is most frequent in depths of 209 and 383 m. (6) Spiophanes fimbriata attains peak numbers in 576 m; it inhabits a thin-walled, copper- colored, silt-covered tube. The brackish capitellid, Capitella capitata subspp., was found in con- centration at only one depth, 456 m, in sediments of sand, mud, pebbles and gravel. Brissopsid urchins, chiefly Brisaster townsendi, are first present at 209 m; they increase in size and number at 383 m to 9 specimens per sample, weighing 217.5 grams, and again at 478 m, where 6 weigh 126 grams. A large shelled clam, Cyathodonta pedroana, com- prises the bulk of the weight, in 271 and 228 m. At its lowest 14 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOR, 21 sampled depth, Hueneme canyon is impoverished to dead, as is the Santa Monica basin which it joins. MUGU CANYON In its shallowest end at 119 m, Mugu canyon (see Fig. 3) sup- ports a fauna consisting of shelf species. Most conspicuous is an¢é 05” 119°00" MUGU CANYON —Contour intervals in meters. —Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. —Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of Species and Specimens. Sree, oats oo “ae ea / aii. BW 14? Fig. 3. Mugu canyon, with contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 15 onuphid, Diopatra ornata, which constructs coarse tubes in algal clumps. Nearly all of the 130 species named at this depth are sparse or absent at greater depths. Many of the species are represented by single or few specimens, suggesting that they have their greater con- centrations at higher levels or in different ecological situations. A few, chief of which are Tharyx tesselata with 71 specimens, Prionospio malmgreni with 34, Typosyllis sp. with 24, Magelona sacculata with 21, M. pacifica with 7, and Lumbrineris spp., attain high fre- quency in a sample. A small anemone, ?Harenactis sp., with 10, and a brachiopod, Glottidia albida with 41 specimens, are members of the shelf fauna, as are some small mollusks and many amphipods (see ANALYSES). An abrupt faunal change occurs at about 177 meters, where are found Maldane sarsi with 58 specimens, Owenia f. collaris with 58, Chloeia pinnata with 39, Rhodine bitorquata with 31, and Axiothella rubrocincta with 18 specimens in a sample. Onuphids are represented by Onuphis parva with 22 and Nothria iridescens with 25 specimens. The capitellid, Heteromastus filobranchus, and an echiuroid, Arhyn- chite sp., never attain the abundance found in Hueneme canyon, but occur most abundantly in depths of 573 and 367 meters. From 676 meters down, a deepwater fauna exists; it includes a small capitellid, Decamastus gracilis, an ampharetid, Anobothrus sp., a lumbrinerid, Lumbrineris longensis, a glycerid, Glycera c. branchio- poda, an orbiniid, Califia calida, a flabelligerid, Brada pilosa, a spionid, Spiophanes pallidus, and few other species (see ANALYSES). An ophiuroid, Amphiodia urtica, attains only moderate abundance, in 378 meters with 28 specimens, where it occurs with Chloeia pinnata. Brissopsid urchins exist from 177 m down but are nowhere con- spicuous. In its lowermost levels, at 832 meters, Mugu canyon is impoverished or dead, like Santa Monica basin with which it merges. DUME CANYON This canyon (Fig. +) was sampled in depths trom 100 m down. One sample was trawled at the head of the canyon, Nov. 20, 1958, by the Hyperion Engineers, centered at 33° 58’ 45’, 118° 46’ 50”, in 100 to 110 meters. It contained a large shale-rock pitted at the surface. Its exposed surface was nearly covered with serpulid tubes, chiefly Vermiliopsis spp., and the pitted holes resembled those of pholad mollusks and contained nestling ophiuroids, small seastars, a 16 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 white holothurian, various polychaetes and other smaller animals. A large white anemone, ?Metridium sp., a large red nemertean with white transverse bars and other animals, are partly analyzed: Polychaetes include Apomatus sp., in white cylindrical tube on rocky surface; Euphrosine sp., in crevice of a rock; Flabelligera in- 55° 118° 507 DUME CANYON -Contour intervals in meters. -Black dots indicate sampling Stations with depth in meters. -Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. " h, ps SHEL IN See “N % iat) © See a Hae =e pi Fig. 4. Dume canyon, contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations. Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 17 fundibularis, in a thick mucus sheath; Glycera capitata, in silt sur- rounding the rock; Hypsicomus californicus, in cartilaginous tube penetrating a rock; Laeospira sp., in sinistrally coiled tubes on rock surface; Lepidonotus caelorus, in crevices in rock; Lumbriclymene sp., abundant in drillings in rock; Peisidice aspera, abundant in rocky crevices; Nicomache sp., nestling in arenaceous tubes in pits of rock; Pherusa inflata, in U-shaped burrows in rock; Phyllochaetopterus prolifica, in slender, irregular, opaque tubes; Pista elongata, in long, slender tube with reticulated top; Platynereis bicanaliculata, in mucoid tube; Polycirrus sp., nestling in crevices in rock; polydorid, in U-shaped drillings in rock; Pseudopotamilla sp., in cartilaginous tube penetrating rock ; spirorbids, in transparent tube attached to rock surface; V ermiliopsis ?infundibulum, attached to rock; Vermiliopsis ?cornuta, attached to rock. Echinoderms include Amphipholis pugetana; Amphipholis squa- mata; Ophiacantha diplasia; Ophiopholis bakeri; Ophiura litkeni; Mediaster aequalis; Rathbunaster californicus; Sclerasterias hetero- paes; Cucumaria crax; Psolus sp., holothurians, of several kinds. Mollusks include chitons, many small; gastropods, numerous small, of several kinds; Saxicavella pacifica; small white slug. These animals are members of a rock-bottom fauna, in shallow to moderate depths. The shallowest quantitative sample from Dume canyon in 299 meters contained chiefly single individuals of deep water or shelf species, some of which have their greater concentrations below or above this level. Brissopsid urchins are prominent at 652 meters, and tubicolous worms, especially Nothria pallida and Pista disjuncta, continue prominent to 507 meters, after which they are replaced by Melinnexis and Califia species. A ghost shrimp exists at 570 and 741 meters. A clam, Compsomyax subdiaphana, is present with many small individuals at 580 meters. SANTA MONICA CANYON This canyon (Fig. 5) was sampled in 80 to 873 meters. A sample trawled at the head of the canyon, Nov. 30, 1958, by the Hyperion Engineers, centered at 33° 56’ 40”, 118° 34’ 00”, along the 80 meter contour, yielded rock specimens and many animals, some of which are named: Polychaetes include Cirratulus cirratus; Eulalia sp., dorsum with 3 longitudinal rows of spots; Eunice multipectinata, in mucoid, parch- 18 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VON. 27 ment-like tube, irregularly occupying crevices of rock; Hypoeulalia, nr bilineata, deep yellow in life; Isocirrus sp.; Lepidonotus caelorus; Lumbrineris inflata; Marphysa conferta; Nicomache personata; Pei- sidice aspera; Phyllochaetopterus prolifica; Pherusa inflata; Pherusa papillata; Sabellaria cementarium, in arenaceous tubes attached to rock; Typosyllis, nr hyalina; Vermiliopsis spp., attached to rocky sur- faces. In addition, Scalpellum, a stalked barnacle, amphipods, branching 40’ 35° 118°30° SANTA MONICA CANYON Contour intervals in meters 2 i » Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of Species and specimens Fig. 5. Santa Monica canyon, contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 19 hydroids, ophiuroids, nestling mollusks and a few other species com- prised the population ; this is a rock bottom fauna. Another sample trawled Oct. 31, 1958, at the head of Santa Monica canyon: »/ miles. fromeshore, centered at 33° 54’ 00”; 118° 367 00” in about 200 meters, yielded large boulders of which the exposed sur- faces were sparsely covered with animals, including branching hydroids and small colonies of encrusting bryozoans. A large cherty boulder was riddled by holes of a boring clam, Saxicava arctica. Small chitons and nestling maldanids occupied the depressions and silt-covered pockets of the rock. Polychaetes include Aricidea sp.; Dodecaceria sp., small but oviger- ous individuals; Eulalia sp., dorsum yellow, with 3 black spots to each segment; Eunice multipectinata; Exogone sp., with long swimming setae; Drilonereis sp., drab green with pale prostomium; G/ycera tenuis; Lumbrineris index; Notoproctus pacificus, in arenaceous, fragile tube; Nicomache personata, large red, in arenaceous tubes in rocky depressions; Oncoscolex pacificus; Pherusa papillata; Peisidice aspera; Lepidonotus caelorus; Lagisca mutltisetosa; harmothoid polynoids; Sphaerodorum papillifer; protulid tube, cylindrical, smooth, fully at- tached to rock. Echinoderms include A/locentrotus acme Ophiopholis bakeri; Ophiura lutkeni; Ophionereis eurybrachyplax; Ophiodesmus amphilogus. Mollusks include small chitons; small gastropods; Saxicava arctica. In addition, there were also a sipunculid, articulate brachiopods, solitary corals, amphipods, a gnathid isopod, encrusting bryozoans. This is a rocky fauna. In Santa Monica canyon, the shallowest grab samples, in 116 and 183 meters, came from. axes depths and yielded animals limited to Capitella capitata subspp. and Dorvillea articulata, both indicating a disturbed or lowered salinity condition. At 268 meters an abrupt faunal change is indicated by the large numbers of shelf species. At 330 to 479 meters the presence of high numbers of Maldane sarsi indicates a change from sandy to silt bottom. An Onuphis vexillaria association is best represented in depths of 454 to 583 meters; this is replaced in 542 meters and beyond by deepwater species, not occurring in shallower bottoms. The deepest parts of the canyon, from 800 meters down, is nearly or altogether dead, like the basin. 20 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLS2/ REDONDO CANYON Redondo canyon (Fig. 6) is a steep-walled, nearly straight, westerly directed canyon about nine miles long. It intersects the shallow main- land shelf of Santa Monica Bay to near shoreline and extends west- ward to Santa Monica basin. Depths range from 57 to 853 meters. The sediments of its sampled areas are chiefly fine grained silty, to sticky green or blue or gray mud, except in some axes depths, where gravels and coarse sands occur. This canyon has proven most interesting, perhaps because it was the most completely sampled. Fifty-six samples come from all depths and parts. It is here recognized for a south wall (shown as shaded circles on the chart), a north wall (clear circles), axis depths (struck circles), basin slope (crossed circles), and fan (circles half shaded). Except in most of its lower or fan extension, where the fauna is impoverished as it is in its adjacent basin, the fauna is diverse, high in standing crop and indicates an availability of food and replenishing larval supplies. Large samples have usually been recovered using either the smaller orange-peel, or the larger Campbell grab, except in a few cases where closure of the jaws was incomplete. Volumes were thus usually between 2 to 4+ cuft. Screenings retained little but living and dead remains of animals, many foraminiferan tests and some mud fractions. Flocculent and other debris came usually only from shallower parts, and some broken shells in a few samples. Along the south wall mud was recovered in all but three samples; one of these had sand and gravel in 76 meters, the other two had flocculent debris in 232 and 519 meters. The shallowest sample had high numbers of a nest-building bivalve, Amygdalum pallidulum, and the 232 m sample contained many individuals of two kinds of capitellids, Heteromastus filobranchus and Decamastus gracilis. At 519 meters there were peak numbers of Amphissa, a giant Scalibregma inflatum, and other wormlike animals. Peak numbers of an ophiuroid, Amphipholis pugetana, came from 542 meters, and Chloeia pinnata with Pholoé glabra in 57 meters, whereas Chloeia with Pectinaria characterized the bottom in 378 meters. Largest individuals varied with depth; at 76 m it was a maldanid and a nemertean; at 232 and 378 m an echiuroid, at 519 and 575 m a nemertean, and at 542 m a brissopsid. On the whole, there is a diminution in numbers NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE. CANYONS 21 of species and specimens with increasing depth, but the most depressed numbers are in 519 m where flocculent debris was conspicuous. 35” 118° 30" Zin REDONDO CANYON -Contour intervals indicated in meters -Localities show depth in feet Orefers to North wall @ refers to South Wall @refers to Axis @refers toBasin Slope @refers to Fan ~ a 2522’ f patos “E VERDES L HILLS % . = Ve. wep ay 2540" —-—S 245 ee To —- . “Oz625° 2,07” es nonncaenyn norman NA NNN } @2c31’ ’ ad Oia 5s tO Fig. 6. Redondo canyon. Contour intervals indicated in meters. Localities show depth in feet. The clear circles refer to stations along the north wall, shaded circles to the south wall, struck circles to the axis, crossed circles to the basin slope, and half shaded circles to fan depths. 22 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 The north wall of Redondo canyon is represented by eight samples coming from depths of 107 to 554 meters. The shallowest contains considerable amounts of gravel and shell fragments mixed with green mud; one in 113 m has sandy mud. Both are characterized by a high diversity of species belonging chiefly to the outer shelf fauna. Poly- chaetes number 56 species and 524 specimens in the first, and 45 species with 609 specimens in the second, of which nearly half were not present in the first sample. A commensal hydroid, Monobrachium parasitum, is frequent on shells of a small clam, Axinopsida, and a small sipunculid, possibly Golfingia sp., (see Fig. 7) in Rhabdamina, an arenaceous foraminiferan, both in shallowest sandy sediments at depths of 107 and 120 meters. Ophiuroids, Amphiodia urtica and A. digitata exist in peak numbers in shallowest parts, together with Fig. 7. ?Golfingia sp., a sipunculid, penetrating Rhabdamina, a foraminiferan, from the upper end of Santa Monica canyon. a. the Rhabdamina partly broken open to show two sipuncu- lids in place. 6. a single sipunculid, removed from the host, showing distal end of introvert with oral lobes and sub- terminal spines, and anal pore, x 17. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 23 Pectinaria californiensis, Pholoé glabra and Prionospio spp. Most of the members of this assemblage occur also in shelf depths throughout the Santa Monica Bay area. The green shelf echiuroid, Listriolobus pelodes, is replaced by the canyon one, the red Arhynchite sp., in 146 meters, and a green mud fauna occurs at 560 to 611 meters. The axis was sampled in depths of 137 to 611 meters; its sedi- ments are mostly mud or sand. In its shallowest depths the sediments are black, have an odor of hydrogen sulfide and contain dead shelly debris. The larger animals are the cone-tube worm, Pectinaria, the stinging worm, Chloeia pinnata, and numerous smaller shelf species of polychaetes. The capitellid, Heteromastus filobranchus, is abundant throughout much of the canyon from 148 to 560 meters, and accounts for the abundance of fecal pellets (see Emery and Hiilsemann, 1962) found in the sediments. Brissopsid urchins are mainly Brisaster townsendi, in 378 to 611 meters. A large red ribbon nemertean, Cerebratulus, is taken singly in most samples from axes depths. The largest polychaetes are Onuphis vexillaria, Lumbrineris index. A phro- dita sp. and Glycera americana. Brada pilosa, a bristle-cage worm, attains high concentrations in depths of 503 and 560 meters. The large red echiuroid, drhynchite sp., is generally encountered in large samples from muddy sediments. The samples from greatest depth contain representatives of deepwater species, resembling those of more northern canyons. The brackish capitellid, Capitella capitata subspp., is most abundant at 148 meters. Black mud and oil globules with some animals are taken in 246 and 282 meters. Plant and woody debris, dead and broken tubes of Pectinaria are most abundant at 298 and 344 meters. Notably sparse or absent are representatives of amphiodid ophiuroids, the green Listriolobus, crustaceans especially amphipods, surface forms such as sea whips, ceriantharians, and many more. The basin slope was sampled in 167 to 556 meters. The samples contain gray mud, sand, stones, shelly rubble and waxy lumps from shallowest parts, and sandy or silty mud with many animals and foraminiferan remains in 310 to 556 meters. The fan was sampled in depths from 602 to 853 meters, here considered in three groups: 602 to 751 meters, 769 to 800 m, and 808 to 853 m. The first group, with eight samples, has a considerable amount of specific diversity, the second group has far less, and the third group is nearly without life. At 602 meters a small sea pen, 24 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Vous solenogasters and a white snail, Mitrella permodesta, and numerous polychaetes occur. Echinoderms are represented by Asteronyx loveni and Ophiomusium jolliensis, and crustaceans are nearly absent. Woody fragments are encountered in 715 meters, with Cadulus tolmiei, a scaphopod, Mitrella, and a small white enteropneust with subspherical proboscis. Other animals, to depths of 786 meters are Brissopsis pacifica and Brisaster townsendi, siliceous sponge, polychaetes, mainly Phyllochaetopterus limicolus and Protis pacifica, together with dead shells of Cyclopecten. There is no life below 825 meters. SAN PEDRO SEA VALLEY This canyon (Fig. 8) is represented by 13 grab and 2 dredged samples. Volumes of grab samples ranged from a low of 0.7 cuft in 461 m, to 5.74 cuft in 187 m. Depths ranged from 187 to 740 m, with dredged samples coming from 100-300 to 240-280 meters. Highest biomass values were measured in 319 m, and _ values were high in all depths except at 406 and from 661 m downward, where impoverished conditions exist. In all samples the polychaetes comprised the greatest bulk and highest numbers of kinds of speci- mens. Combining all samples the following kinds of animals are repre- sented: polychaetes with 145 species; echinoderms with 17 species; mollusks with 25 or more species; crustaceans with 11-+ species; other kinds with 15+ species, or in all more than 220 species. As in other canyons, the change of specific groups with increasing depth is conspicuous. About 91 species of polychaetes occur in depths to 221 m. Most of them have their maximal numbers and sizes in these ranges. Only a few, such as Chloeia pinnata and Maldane sarsi, attain their maximum development at greater depths, except for some of the typical deepwater forms below 400 meters. Heteromastus filobranchus is inconspicuous in this canyon; its greatest concentration is at 406 m, but nowhere has it the abundance found in the northern canyons. Capitella capitata subspp. are not abundant in any of the samples, but concentrations have been earlier reported in adjacent areas (see Hartman, 1955, p. 81); it is possible that an area of concentration does exist in an axis depth, but that it was not located in the survey. Peak occurrences of a few species are noteworthy; they include Spiophanes fimbriata, Myriochele gracilis, Sthenelanella uniformis and Chloeia pinnata, all in 221 meters. Deepwater species are restricted to NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 25 depths below 400 meters and resemble those found in other longshore canyons. PALOS VERDES HILLS : b) S, } i OWA é NNN RN >; \. , . \ s, WHOM ON DW 25 118°20 15 SAN PEDRO SEA VALLEY Contour intervals in meters. lack dots indicate sa lin Sse with depth in micters. g Hyphenated numbers indicate, numbers of species and specimens. Fig. 8. San Pedro sea valley with contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. 26 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 A dredged sample from 100-300 meters, sta. 7175-60, centered at 33° 39! 34”, 118° 18’ 12’, yielded) about 4.5 .cuft of ‘ereenpscilt, sand, a long boulder about 1 x 2 ft, and gray-brown layered shalestone. The largest animals are, Travisia pupa, and the most abundant are Chloeia pinnata, Goniada brunnea, Lumbrineris spp., Sthenelanella uniformis, Nothria tridescens and other kinds of polychaetes. There are sparse numbers of nemerteans, echiuroids, amphipods, sipunculids, some solenogaster mollusks and no visible echinoderms. In all 48 kinds of polychaetes are named (see ANALYSES); they could be dis- tinguished as having come from mud, from sand and mixed bottoms— a result of using a dredge over an area known to have closely pat- terned sediments. Another dredged sample, sta. 7161-60, at 33° 37’ 50”, 118° 16’ 44” to 33° 37’ 27”, 118° 16’ 18” in 240-280 meters, yielded about 4 cuft of green sandy silt with many animals, of which the most conspicuous were echinoderms. Largest individuals are brissopsid echi- noderms, a cancroid crab, Leptosynapta albicans, and tremendous numbers of Chloeia pinnata, with large Goniada brunnea. NEWPORT CANYON Thirteen samples (Fig. 9) were taken in 16 to 642 meters, In its shallowest part this canyon contains a considerable amount of woody debris and other biological detritus. At 16 m commensal pinnotherid crabs are unusually abundant, together with many different kinds of small polychaetes, chiefly cirratulids, spionids and Haploscoloplos elon- gatus. At 37 meters the largest animals are an enteropneust, Schizo- cardium sp., and Glycera spp., with many smaller polychaetes, chiefly cirratulids and spionids. At greater depths in less than 100 m, sedi- ments are silty and support diversified kinds of animals, mainly poly- chaetes. At greatest diversity there are 110 species and 611 specimens in a sample, of which the most conspicuous are Pectinaria and Heteromastus filobranchus. Biomass values range from 21.5 grams per sample in 140 meters, to 83 grams in 83 meters. Where sediments are somewhat sandy, nephtyids, Pectinaria and Dentalium thrive. Where they are mud, Pista disjuncta, onuphids, large nemerteans and ophiuroids prevail. At about 400 meters the fauna is characterized by the presence of brissopsids, Arhynchite, ceriantharian anemones, deep- water pciychaetes, and mollusks, especially Saxicavella and Mitrella permodesta. The deepest sample, in 642 m, yielded a large ophiuroid, A steronyx loveni. No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 2 NEWPORT CANYON 0’ Contour intervals in meters @ Black dots indicate sam ling stations with depth in meters Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens ‘, se ae : c see cain : 35 15-106 ae yy, Hol adh oe =e i SEPARA TANT OAT TANNINS ae | *y - ~ ~ ‘. : ‘, . ‘ e@ Se . .. ~ ree Pd —- ‘ - eee “. Cid 35; 30 Me \ ee Pa Noes: % eee enn “ SS 7 a \ ‘ . is ~ . > f Pa ase SS ’ AC 3, 4 25 118°00 55 117°50 45” Fig. 9. Newport canyon, with contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. Hyphen- ated numbers indicate numbers of species ‘and specimens. 28 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL..2/ SAN DIEGO TROUGH, NORTHERN END This filled-in basin has some of the characteristics of a trench be- cause its bottom areas contain living animals. It is included here be- cause it was not evaluated in the basin report (Hartman and Barnard, 1960). Six samples, from 343 to 423 meters, yielded animals at all depths. Biomasses are low, ranging from 3.7 to 0.5 grams per sample. Most animal species occur as single individuals, but some are grouped, notably Myriochele, a polychaete, best represented at 420 to 422 meters, and Amphiura seminuda, an ophiuroid, in 420 meters. Most of the species are those found in shallow to deep parts of the long-shore canyons. LA JOLLA CANYON Eleven samples (see Fig. 10) come from 79 to 976 meters; sample sizes range from 0.26 to: 5.74 cuft and all were taken with the Campbell grab. Biomasses range from negligible, coming from the largest or third deepest sample, up to 81.8 grams from a moderately large sample in 121 meters. Largest individuals in shallow, 79 to 121 m, depths are Cerebratulus, a nemertean, Aphrodita, Asychis and other polychaetes. In deeper, 545 and 637 m depths, the largest are Brissopsis and Arhynchite. 112° Jo" Maldane™ cristata Aricidea eaidbaies fArygdalurd { Brissopsids Oca ie Sea a ° (} A Wee Contour intervals in Meters 40° LA JOLLA CANYON Numbers indicate depth in feet. Showing major communities of animals, From shallowest to deepest axes depths. Fig. 10. La Jolla canyon, with contour intervals in meters. Numbers indicate depth in feet. The major communities of organisms are shown, from shallowest to deepest axes depths. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 29 A diversified shelf fauna exists in 79 and 121 meters, as well as in shelf depths with algal debris farther from shore. Some species attain peak numbers; such are Aricidea lopezi with more than 310 individuals per sample in 79 m, Ancistrosyllis tentaculata with 69 and Cossura candida with 86 in a sample. Axis depths, in 135 to 371 meters, have sediments of sand and pebbles; animals are almost entirely Capitella capitata subspp. in tre- mendous numbers, with 14,145 individuals counted in a sample from 274 m (Hartman, 1961, p. 333); some harbor an _ endoparasitic copepod, Monstrilla capitellicola (Fig. 11). At middle depths, in 517 Fig. 11. Monstrilla capitellicola, a parasitic copepod, at left side, and a parasite in the host species, Capitella capitata oculata, at the right side, greatly enlarged. 30 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 and 545 m, the bottom is somewhat impoverished, with numbers of species and specimens reduced. In deeper parts a deepwater fauna exists, characterized by brissopsids, some ophiuroids, Maldane cristata, Aricidea ramosa; and in its deepest parts an abyssal fauna is found; this includes pogonophores, Ophiacantha normani and some unusual polychaetes. In these respects this canyon shares some characteristics of the next adjacent Coronado canyon (see below). CORONADO CANYON Eight samples (see Fig. 12) taken in 123 to 1265 meters, range in size from 0.6 cuft in 566 m to 5.74 cuft in 344 m. Biomasses range from a low of 2.4 to a high of 105.7 grams per sample. The analyses resulted in the documentation of 101 species and 843 specimens of polychaetes, 13 species of echinoderms, at least 16 mol- lusks, 15 or more crustaceans, and 9 other kinds of animals, or a total of more than 154 species. Largest individuals are Ophiura litkeni, Glycera robusta, Brissopsis pacifica, Melinna heterodonta and ‘Asychis sp. Most abundant in a sample were Amphiodia urtica, in 177 m with 107 specimens, and Spiophanes missionensis with more than 100, Brada pilosa in 566 m with 63 and solenogasters with 44 specimens. Melinna numbered 36 specimens in 344 meters. The shallowest sample, in 123 m, contained chiefly shelf species, and all other samples had either deepwater species or unique kinds. Most unusual were Siboglinum and an oligochaete with prickly epithe- lium at 960 meters. SANTA CRUZ CANYON Nme samples were taken in 89 to 1624 meters (see Fig. 13) with the large grab sampler, and one’ other in 800 m with the small one. Size of sample varied from 0.26 cuft in the shallowest depth, to 4.16 cuft in the deepest station. Biomasses were highest in 459 meters, where large Brissopsis pacifica comprised the bulk. The shallowest bottoms were shelly sand and silt, which support many kinds of small animals, whereas deep bottoms, from 676 m down, are mud. Peak numbers are recorded for an onuphid, where 247 juvenile specimens occurred in 89 meters; small chitons with 34 specimens in a rocky bottom at 218 m; Tellina carpenteri with 36 and Chaetozone sp. with 244 in 459 meters, and Leiochrides hemipodus with 25 specimens in 902 meters. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 31 CORONADO CANYON -Contour intervals in meters. -Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. -Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens 7920 of pol haetes 15” am: _- > »S 1 4 1 ‘ 1 ‘ . ‘ \ . ¢ \,Coronadosy Islands case oes 1 soos —,, eS SSTT {soon ee See NVM Fig. 12. Coronado canyon, with contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. Hyphen- ated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens of polychaetes. VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 32 > Black dots indicate sampli stations with depth in meters SANTA CRUZ CANYON Contour intervals in meters. bers of species and specimen a Hyphenated numbers indicate ‘ \ 1 1 ‘ ‘ 1 1 1 ' ' ' ‘ 4 ‘ num Se) ; weg ey 2 “a. E mat gis >. & ~ Nn oO mM gL vu A= | ow ac oo <¢U Bo a h contour 1t canyon dots indicate sampling stations w wi ’ indicate numbers of species and s R08 % ¢ vu Ss ce w.U§ Ons =| be qzu sof NI Sa al _ k? ob fy NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 35 In this, as in all other canyons, there is a decrease in numbers and kinds with depth. The lowest part is néarly dead and the sediments contain empty tubes of Phyllochaetopterus limicolus, as in Santa Monica basin but in sparser numbers, and the dead shell remains are mainly those of Delectopecten instead of Cyclopecten. Most of the polychaetes recorded are different from those in longshore canyons and the same applies to the kinds of other animals. The Santa Cruz basin (Hartman and Barnard, 1960, p. 274) supports at least 60 species of invertebrate metazoans of which 28 are polychaetes, 6 amphipods, 3 isopods, 4+ echinoderms, 6 or more mollusks and 4 are other kinds. CATALINA CANYON Eleven large samples (Fig. 14) come from depths of 88 to 1272 meters and vary in size from 2.44 to 5.52 cuft. Polychaetes ranked highest specifically and numerically. Unusual concentrations included Anobothrus gracilis with 565 specimens in 559 meters, 4mmotrypane aulogaster with 8 in 362 m, Aricidea, nr suecica with 154 in 914 meters, Pectinaria californiensis with 118 in 379 m and Haploscoloplos elongatus with 44 at 379 and 559 meters. Maldane and Melinna, two deepwater genera, were most abundant in 379 meters, and Califia calida in 549 and 559 meters. Among the echinoderms Amphiodia urtica with 606 and Amphi- pholis squamata with 105 specimens were most numerous in 88 meters. Ophiomusium jolliensis with 13 and Amphiura diomedeae with 24 are best represented in 559 meters. Brissopsid urchins are sparse but present. Among the mollusks, Dacrydium pacificum with 44 paired shells (some may be dead) are most abundant at 549 meters. Other large individuals include Mol/padia intermedia, Arhynchite, a nemertean and Travisia pupa. SAN CLEMENTE RIFT VALLEY This canyon (Fig. 15) was very imperfectly sampled because its sampled walls are rocky and its axes depths are gravelly. Four samples, all small, yielded less than a cuft of sediment with hard rocks. Animals were sparsely attached to their surfaces. Biomasses are negligible for this reason. The kinds of animals show affinities with those reported from the San Clemente basin (Hartman, 1960, p. 274). The analyses (See APPENDIX) list 21 additional species associated with hard substrata. All are deepwater species, not found in longshore canyons. 34 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 TANNER CANYON Six samples (Fig. 16) from 298 to 1298 meters were taken with the large grab. Sample sizes varied from a low of 0.14 cuft to the largest, 2.72 cuft from the deepest part of the canyon. Weight of animals was highest, 32.1 grams, in the smallest sample, and low in all others. The screenings of all samples contained considerable amounts of biological debris, especially squid beaks, siliceous sponge, radiolarian fragments, dead mollusk shells, especially those of pectens and Turcicula, a large snail, also spines of echinoids and muddy tubes of polychaetes. The smallest sample, from 496 m, contained 25 as 0 > 4 Eh She Z > AREIONTNNDRANINRONAA RINT NN HORAN CATALINA CANYON Contour intervals in meters. : Black dots indicate sampling stations with depthin meters} Hyphenated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. 40 35 118° 30 Fig. 14. Catalina canyon, with contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. Hyphen+ ated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. 6) OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS NO. 2 SAN CLEMENTE RIFT VALLEY numbers of species and specimens stations with depth in meters Hyphenated numbers indicate Contour intervals in meters Black dots indicate sampling ga es} GS oo FE¢ Ss 4° fet fet 2 oF oO, a ed) ~ Ese zo rae o2§ =} a. 4 eas g2e out iss} Bos Aehacl Sa. Be Gt iy oe ro Sag “rey eo) tS) Lom one OS] al os) gies ow & = Oo aod GS nod Ww re oh act ty specimens. 36 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL27 10’ 05 119°00° M ‘ H ‘ 4 ‘ ‘ ‘ 1 1 ’ ' ' ' 1 ' 1 ‘ TANNER CANYON -Contour intervals in meters. ” Black dots indicate samplin f stations with depth in meters. | -Hyphenated numbers indicate: numbers of species and specimens. Fig. 16. Tanner canyon, with contour intervals in meters. Black dots indicate sampling stations with depth in meters. Hyphen- ated numbers indicate numbers of species and specimens. reddish brown shale scraped from a hard bottom. Only the shallowest sample is from an axis depth; others are 3 to 53 meters above it. Total numbers of species range from 32 to 48, and specimens from 125 to 375 per sample. The most abundant specifically are polychaetes, then small mollusks, and the most numerous individuals are Amphi- pholis pugetana, numbering 290 in a small sample. The largest in- dividual is Brissopsis pacifica, from the shallowest sample, and ophiuroids comprise the bulk in deeper parts of this canyon. Anirhals from shallower parts resemble those in other offshore canyons. Unique species are two polychaetes, Paralacydonia paradoxa and Pherusa cf. collarifera, also known from the basin; Dacrydium pacificum; and a slender sipunculid, perhaps Go/fingia sp. COMPARISON OF SHELF AND CANYON FAUNAS One of the most conspicuous differences between shelf and canyon faunas is the replacement of animal groups or genera or species from shelf depths to canyons. Red ophiuroids, notably Amphiodia urtica, No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS a, and some other amphiodids which are well represented along the edge of the shelf with hundreds of individuals in a sample, are sparse or nearly absent in most canyons. The same is true of some of the commonly occurring polychaetes, Pectinaria californiensis, Prionospio spp., nephtyids, Chloeia pinnata, and a small brown ostracod typically associated with Amphiodia urtica in shelf depths. Listriolobus pelodes, a tongue-worm, is very abundant on the Santa Barbara shelf and occurs also in shallower depths of Hueneme canyon, but thereafter is replaced by another echiuroid, Arhynchite. Sea whips and sea pens which exist over large areas of the shelf and slope lands, are nearly absent from canyon depths. All canyon walls are characterized by a change in kinds and num- bers of animals, changing with depth or sediment to such an extent that the majority of species at one station or depth class will be nearly or entirely replaced by the next depth (see also charts of step- down effects). Where sediments differ grossly the change in specific entities is nearly complete. This sliding scale effect is noted also in numbers of species and specimens, with the shallowest or near shelf depths having the highest numbers, and the deepest and lowest depths having the least. Exceptions are noteworthy, chiefly in those samples containing much detritus or with gravelly sediments, or where normal salinity conditions are believed to be disturbed. At the lowest levels of the longshore canyons the bottoms are impoverished or dead, as in the basins with which they merge. As the number of kinds and specimens diminishes with depth, so also do biomass values but in a different way. Where there are a few large individuals of brissopsid urchins, or echiuroids, or nemer- teans, the total values per sample may be high, with these large individuals comprising most of the weight. When these individuals are lacking or.excluded from total weights, the decline is normal, with increasing depth. STANDING CROP Brissopsid echinoderms, thalassemid echiuroids and _ polychaetes comprise the largest part of the biomass values in canyons, from shallow to moderate depths. Where muds and silts prevail the first two are best developed, in median to low median depths. At shallowest and deepest stations the polychaetes occur in greatest masses, accom- panied by mollusks in upper, and by ophiuroid echinoderms in lower levels. 38 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Hueneme canyon:—Total weights of living animals, without tubes but with shells of mollusks are given for each sample in the detailed Analyses. These values are here rerated to grams to a square meter; orange-peel grab samples are generally increased by a factor of 4 and Campbell grab samples by 2, unless sample sizes dictate otherwise. In 98 m weights are negligible but penetration of the grab was unsatisfactory. Other samples yielded the following: 814 grams per sq.m., in 373 meters 261.4 gm/ sq.m., in 376 m. 723.4 gm/ sq.m., in 183 m. 60.0 gm/ sq.m., in 165 m. 625.6 gm/ sq.m., in 177 m. 36.0 gm/ sq.m., in 338 m. 398.0 gm/ sq.m., in 209 m. 5.6 gm/ sq.m., in 271 m. 309.6 gm/ sq.m., in 373 m. 5.0 gm/ sq.m., in 456 m. 287.6 gm/ sq.m., in 478 m. wts. negligible in 621 m. Highest biomasses are correlated with kinds of sediments of silt or mud, and lowest values with sand or pebbles. Ranging these values by major groups of animals, the following percentages are obtained: In 165 m, with 15 grams, chiefly G/ycera and Pectinaria (polychaetes). In 177 m, with 156.4 grams: polychaetes (Asychis and 223 Heteromastus) 51.15% echiuroids (75 Listriolobus pelodes) 45.78 ophiuroids 155 mollusks 0.77 a nemertean Ox71 all others, less than 1.0 In 183 meters, with 183.1 grams: polychaetes, chiefly Glycera robusta and 245 Heteromastus filobranchus 90.66% 5 nemerteans 5.79 3 Listriolobus pelodes 3.14 ophiuroids 0.33 mollusks Ot In 209 meters, with 99.5 grams: polychaetes, chiefly Travisia pupa, Asychis and Nothria pallida 50.8% mollusks, chiefly 12 Yoldia 26S 1 brissopsid 199 2 sipunculids 23 ophiuroids 0.5 NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS In 271 meters, with 2.8 grams: 2 Cyathodonta pedroana polychaetes In 338 meters, with 9 grams: polychaetes 1 Cyathodonta pedroana In 373 meters, sticky mud, with 406.9 grams: 9 brissopsids polychaetes mollusks with shells a thalassemid anemone all others, less than In 373 meters, silty mud, with 77.4 grams: 2 Arhynchite polychaetes 9 anemones mollusks In 376 meters, with 65.4 grams: 2 Arhynchite polychaetes, chiefly Nephtys and Spiophanes a sipunculid 2. nemerteans a ceriantharian mollusks all others, less than In 478 meters, with 143.8 grams: 6 brissopsids polychaetes 3 Dentalium 4 anemones 1 nemertean 92.9% al 76.7% 7333 53.45% 30.55 9.98 4.25 1.2 1.0 79.46% 13.56 6.20 0.78 47.7% 43.9 3.4 24 1.2 0.8 1.0 86.93% 10.15 1.25 ta 0.56 39 The preponderant weights of brissopsids, polychaetes and echiuroids is fairly constant in this canyon, in depths of 373 to 478 meters. Mugu canyon:— Total weights ranged from a high of 106.8 grams in a sample to zero, in two deep samples, depths of 832 and 929 meters. Rerated to grams per square meter, the results may be expressed as follows: 40 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 427.2 gm/ sq.m., in 177 m. 358.4 gm/ sq.m., in 119 m. 124.8 gm/ sq.m., in 367 m. 115.8 gm/ sq.m., in 573 m. VOL. 27 53.0 gm/ sq.m., in 378 m. 14.6 gm/ sq.m., in 676 m. 1.8 gm/ sq.m., in 755 m. Again the correlation of highest values is with sticky or silty mud, and the lowest with sandy or gravelly bottoms. In terms of major groups of animals, the following percentages of weights are shown: In 119 meters, with 89.6 grams: polychaetes a pagurid crustacean mollusks an Astropecten others, less than In 177 meters, with 106.8 grams: 2 Brisaster polychaetes, especially Travisia pupa mollusks, esp. 4 cila and Dentalium ophiuroids a sipunculid others, less than In 367 meters, with 62.4 grams: 4 Arhynchite echiuroids polychaetes mollusks crustaceans In 378 meters, with 26.5 grams: 2 brissopsids, Brisaster polychaetes In 573 meters, with 57.9 grams: 4 Arhynchite echiuroids a brissopsid, Brisaster polychaetes nemerteans a ghost shrimp In 676 meters, with 7.3 grams: polychaetes, nearly No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 4] In 755 meters, with 1.8 grams: a nemertean 55.5% polychaetes 27.8 solenogasters 16.7 In Mugu canyon, therefore, brissopsids and echiuroids were highest in biomasses, followed by polychaetes, mollusks and nemerteans. Dume canyon:—Weights of animals dropped almost directly with depth from a high of 307.4 grams to a square meter, to zero at its lowest depth. These values are as follows: 307.4 gm/ sq.m., in 299 m. 112.78 gm/ sq.m., in 638 m. 214.56 gm/ sq.m., in 374 m. 36.7 gm/ sq.m., in 711 m. 202.4 gm/ sq.m., in 398 m. 32.4 gm/ sq.m., in 652 m. 188.4 gm/ sq. m., in 181.6 m. 6.0 gm/ sq.m., in 741 m. 181.6 gm/ sq.m., in 530 m. no life in 905 meters. The sediments in these samples were silt or mud, except in 374 m, where they were sand. Biomasses by animal groups gave the following results: In 299 meters, with 153.7 grams: 3 brissopsid urchins 74.5% polychaetes 25.5 In 374 meters, with 536.4 grams: 2 echinoids 50.56% polychaetes 46.28 siliceous sponge 2.19 all others, less than 1.0 In 398 meters, with 50.6 grams: polychaetes 96.05% mollusks 3.96 In 507 meters with 47.1 grams: 4 echinoids 84.9% polychaetes ey a ghost shrimp al, In 530 meters, with 90.8 grams: 5 brissopsids 69.38 % polychaetes 16.63 shelled mollusks 13.99 42 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 In 652 mieters, with 8.1 grams: an echinoid 76.54% polychaetes 20.99 nemerteans 2.47 In 711 meters, with 18.4 grams: polychaetes 76.1% 2 echiuroids 20.6 a ghost shrimp 355 In 741 meters a ghost shrimp weighed 3.0 grams and all other animals were negligible. In 905 meters there were no living animals. The brissopsids belonged chiefly to 2 species: Brisaster townsendi and Brissopsis pacifica, and the echiuroid to Arhynchite sp. Santa Monica canyon:—YTotal weights of animals were highest in 268 meters but nowhere approached the high values of Hueneme canyon. The values, rerated to grams to a square meter are as follows: 165.2 gm/ sq.m., in 268 m. 17.7 gm/ sq.m., in 810 m. 110.8 gm/ sq.m., in 454 m. 10.4 gm/ sq.m., in 463 m. 81.72 gm/ sq.m., in 330 m. 8.8 gm/ sq.m., in 183 m. 58.8 gm/ sq.m., in 583 m. 8.56 gm/ sq.m., in 431 m. 43.2 gm/ sq.m., in 475 m. wts. negligible in 542 m and 33.2 gm/ sq.m., in 362 m. in 612 m, and zero in 873 m. 18.4 gm/ sq.m., in 116 m. Sample sizes were moderately large in all but one, from 116 meters where sediments were sandy silt; this bottom was unique for having unusually large numbers of Capitella capitata subspp.; this is not significant as a weighted form but indicates a disturbed or unnatural bottom. Summaries by major groups of animals show the following per- centages: In 116 meters, with 9.2 grams: Solemya, aclam 42.4% other mollusks 57.6 In 183 meters, with 4.4 grams: Solemya and other mollusks 65.9% polychaetes 34.1 In 268 meters, with 41.3 grams: 3 Arhynchite sp. 72.2% polychaetes 27.8 NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 43 In 330 meters, with 20.43 grams: 1 Arhynchite sp. 58.88% polychaetes 41.14 In 363 meters with 8.3 grams, polychaetes comprised nearly 100%. In 431 meters, with 2.14 grams: 1 Arhynchite sp. 57.94% polychaetes 39.72 brissopsids 235 In 454 and 463 meters, with 27.7 and 2.6 grams respectively, polychaetes comprised nearly 100% of the weights. In 475 meters, with 21.6 grams: 3 brissopsids 72.2% Cardita and Amphissa 27.8 In 583 meters, with 29.4 grams: polychaetes 44.9% 2 brissopsids 39.5 1 ghost shrimp 15.6 In 695 meters, with 8.85 grams: brissopsids 74.0% 1 Solemya sp. 20.0 others 6.0 In 542, 612, 810 and 873 meters, weights were negligible or the bottoms were without living animals. Redondo canyon:—Fifty-four samples were taken from shallowest (57 m) to deepest (853 m) parts, and recognized as coming from south wall, north wall, axis, basin slope and fan depths. Quantitative measurements ran high both weight-wise and by numbers of speci- mens. Biomass figures are available for some axis and fan depths: Axis depths: 532.84 gr/ sq.m., in 560 m. 151.2 gm/ sq.m., in 378 m. 444.5 gr/sq.m., in 137 m. 89.4 gr/ sq.m., in 503 m. 340.1 gr/ sq.m., in 246 m. 42.04 gm/ sq.m., in 611 m. 247.6 gm/ sq.m., in 431 m. Fan depths: 15.6 gm/ sq.m., in 751 m. 11.32 gm/ sq.m., in 652 m. 14.8 gm/ sq.m., in 808 m. 11.0 gm/ sq.m., in 853 m. 14.4 gm/ sq.m., in 834 m. 10.7 gm/ sq.m., in 660 m. 13.6 gm/ sq.m., in 602 m. 9.0 gm/ sq.m., in 846 m. 44 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOES2Z/ 13.6 gm/ sq.m., in 825 m. 8.8 gm/ sq.m., in 706 m. 12.84 gm/ sq.m., in 686 m. 4.3 gm/ sq.m., in 810 m. 12.6 gm/ sq.m., in 741 m. 3.8 gm/ sq.m., in 715 m. 12.6 gm/ sq.m., in 848 m. In 76 meters, 241 specimens of Amygdalum (a clam) comprised the bulk of the animal weight. In 378 m the weight was due chiefly to an Arhynchite, accompanied by Listriolobus in shallower depths. Brissopsid urchins were heaviest in depths of 200 to 611 meters, after which a seastar occurred. Mollusks at 137 meters were mainly Yoldia and Dentalium. At 378 meters two polychaetes, Spiophanes and Pectinaria, comprised the bulk. The deepest parts of Redondo canyon share the biological character- istics of Santa Monica basin; biomasses are very low and animal kinds are similar to the basin. San Pedro sea valley:—Biomass values expressed in grams to a square meter are as follows: 234.8 gm/ sq.m., in 437 m. 114.0 gm/ sq.m., in 468 m. 206.0 gm/ sq.m., in 522 m. 28.0 gm/ sq.m., in 740 m. 194.0 gm/ sq.m., in 319 m. 27.4 gm/ sq.m., in 406 m. 185.2 gm/ sq.m., in 459 m. 20.0 gm/ sq.m., in 666 m. 141.4 gm/ sq.m., in 187 m. 8 gm/ sq.m., in 716 m. 156 gm/ sq.m., in 461 m. 7.8 gm/ sq.m., in 661 m. Ranging these samples by major groups of animals, the following kinds comprised the bulk of the weight: In 187 m, total weight 70.7 grams: polychaetes 53.75% mollusks, with shells 33.24 a sipunculid 11.60 a nemertean 1.41 In 319 meters, total weight 97.0 grams: 5 echinoids, Brisaster 62.9% 2 Arhynchite sp. 33.6 polychaetes 2 nemertean 1.0 In 406 m, with 13.7 grams, polychaetes comprised nearly 100%. In 437 meters, with 58.7 grams: 3 echinoids 85.98% polychaetes 17.04 1 Arhynchite sp. 6.98 NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 45 In 459 meters, total weight 46.3 grams: 35 Chloeia and Pista 97.8% mollusks 2:2 In 461 meters, total weight 39 grams: 3 brissopsids 77.2% 4 Arhynchite sp. 10.3 polychaetes 9.7 mollusks 2.8 In 468 meters, total weight 57.0 grams: 3 brissopsids 66.5% 11 echiuroids 24.0 polychaetes 9:5 In 522 meters, total weight 51.5 grams: 2 brissopsids 46.4% polychaetes 44.7 nemerteans 8.9 In 661 meters, total weight 3.9 grams: polychaetes 41.03% a ghost shrimp 25.64 nemerteans 25.4 a ceriantharian SS mollusks 2.56 In 666 meters, about 5 grams, of which polychaetes comprised nearly 100%. In 716 meters, with 5.0 grams: polychaetes 75% mollusks 25 Below this depths weights were negligible. Newport canyon:—This canyon was sampled in depths of 16 to 741 meters; values were high only in 211 meters and irregularly decreased with depth. Biomass values in grams per square meter are as follows: 506.4 gm/ sq.m., in 211 m. 102.2 gm/ sq.m., in 97 m. 191.6 gm/ sq.m., in 16 m. 96.0 gm/ sq.m., in 642 m. 160 gm/ sq.m., in 37 m. 87.2 gm/ sq.m., in 420 m. 146 gm/ sq.m., in 85 m. 86.2 gm/ sq.m., in 178 m. 135.6 gm/ sq.m., in 272 m. 44.8 gm/ sq.m., in 553 m. 46 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 123.2 gm/ sq.m., in 478 m. 115.7 gm/ sq.m., in 235 m. 113.0 gm/ sq.m., in 170 m. 43.0 gm/ sq.m., in 140 m. less than 10 gm/ sq., in 741 m. Ranging these values by major groups of animals, the following percentages are obtained : In 16 meters, with 47.9 grams: 1 Cerebratulus sp. polychaetes crustaceans Schizocardium sp. mollusks In 37 meters, with 40.8 grams: polychaetes enteropneusts nemerteans others In 85 meters, with 73 grams: polychaetes mollusks In 97 meters, with 51.1 grams: polychaetes echinoderms mollusks crustaceans others In 140 meters, with 21.5 grams: polychaetes mollusks In 170 meters, with 56.5 grams: polychaetes nemertean mollusks In 178 meters, with 43.1 grams: polychaetes 1 Brisaster townsendi In 211 meters, with 253.2 grams: 1 Molpadia intermedia 1 Brisaster townsendi No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 47 polychaetes, Glycera, Pista, Pectinaria 47.8 110 Acila castrensis 11.0 In 235 meters, with 57.85 grams: 3 mollusks, Compsomyax, Y oldia, Dentalium 16.3% 154 Pectinaria 17.35 71 Pista disjuncta 49.00 5 Nothria pallida and other polychaetes 17.35 In 272 meters, with 33.9 grams, polychaetes comprised nearly 100% of the biomass. In 396 meters, with 25.5 grams: polychaetes 97.5% mollusks 2.5 In 420 meters, with 43.6 grams: echinoderms 32.5% echiuroids 30.00 polychaetes 29.0 mollusks 6.0 others 2:5 In 478 meters, with 30.8 grams: echinoderms 74.6% polychaetes iS mollusks 6.6 others 11.3 In 553 meters, with 13.7 grams: mollusks 36.59% echiuroids 34.3 polychaetes 29.2 In 642 meters, with 24.0 grams: echinoderms 70.8% mollusks 20.4 polychaetes 8.8 In summary, therefore, the heaviest animals in Newport canyon change with depth. In shallowest places there are enteropneusts, nemer- teans, mollusks and polychaetes. At about 178 meters large brissopsids and Nephtys are conspicuous, and at 282 and 396 meters the heaviest are polychaetes. Brissopsids and Arhynchite are again present in 420 48 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLE. 27 and 478 meters, and thereafter, a gastropod, Mitrella permodesta, accompanied by ampharetid polychaetes or echinoids comprise the bulk of the samples. San Diego trench, northern end: Biomasses are low, ranging from less than a gram to more than 9 grams to a square meter. The bulk of the animal mass consists of ophiuroid echinoderms or polychaetes, in depths ranging from 686 to 846 meters. La Jolla canyon:—Biomass values, in sampled depths of 79 to 976 meters, rerated to grams per square meter, are as follows: 163.6 gm/ sq.m., in 121 meters. 10.0 gm/ sq.m., in 517 m. 103.8 gm/ sq.m., in 274 m. 9.6 gm/ sq.m., in 371 m. 35.0 gm/ sq.m., in 79 m. 5.4 gm/ sq.m., in 793 m. 22.8 gm/ sq.m., in 976 m. 3.0 gm/ sq.m., in 135 m. 22.4 gm/ sq.m., in 545 m. negligible, in 708 m. 10.4 gm/ sq.m., in 637 m. The percentages of major animal groups represented in these depths are as follows: In 79 meters, with 17.5 grams: polychaetes 55.4% a nemertean 36.0 mollusks 8.6 In 121 meters, with 81.8 grams: shelled mollusks 49.5% polychaetes 33.8 ophiuroids 16.7 In 135, 274 and 371 meters, with weights 1.5, 36.9 and 4.8 grams respectively, polychaetes chiefly Capitella capitata subspp. comprised nearly the entire biomass. In 517 meters, with 5.0 grams: polychaetes 64.0% mollusks, chiefly Thyasira 36.0 In 545 meters, with 11.2 grams: a brissopsid 68.8% polychaetes DOS mollusks 8.9 In 637 meters, with 5.2 grams: shelled mollusks 61.5% polychaetes 38.5 No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS In 793 meters, with 2.7 grams: polychaetes mollusks In 976 meters, with 11.4 grams: polychaetes pogonophorans ophiuroids 74.1% 25.9 74.6% 14.9 10.5 49 In 708 meters weights were negligible and the bottom impoverished. Coronado canyon:—This was sampled in depths of 123 to 1265 meters ; biomass values are as follows: 211.4 gm/ sq.m., in 960 m. 109.0 gm/ sq.m., in 566 m. 45.8 gm/ sq.m., in 344 m. 42.2 gm/ sq.m., in 177 m. 30.8 gm/ sq.m., in 123 m. 23.6 gm/ sq.m., in 1265 m. 7.6 gm/ sq.m., in 812 m. 4.8 gm/ sq.m., in 1105 m. Most significant in this canyon is the fact that highest values are in considerable depths (960 m), that the shallowest end has low values, associated with the presence of Capitella, and that values increase thereafter due to the presence of a diversified shelf fauna. The bottoms are impoverished at about 812 meters, and below this level a deepwater fauna exists. These three dips are best seen at the 177 m, 812 m and 1105 m levels, and the peaks of standing crops at 566 m, 960 m and 1265 m levels. Percentages of weights by major animal groups are as follows: In 123 meters, with 15.4 grams: ophiuroids polychaetes crustaceans In 177 meters, with 21.1 grams: polychaetes mollusks ophiuroids an echinoid In 344 meters, with 22.9 grams: polychaetes 2 echinoids a nemertean 68.2% 29.9 1.9 50 ALLAN HANCOCK’ PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS In 566 meters, with 54.5 grams: 2 echinoids polychaetes sipunculids In 812 meters, with 3.8 grams: polychaetes mollusks In 960 meters, with 105.7 grams: 6 echinoids polychaetes In 1105 meters, with 2.4 grams: polychaetes 2 sipunculids ophiuroids In 1265 meters, with 11.8 grams: 2 ophiuroids polychaetes Santa Cruz canyon:—The samples, coming from depths of 89 to 1624 meters, were low in return; half measured less than 1.5 cuft al- though taken with the large Campbell grab; they came from sedi- ments of sand, rocks, pebble or mixed sediments. Five others recovered from 2.4 to 5.74 cuft each. Biomasses therefore show a broad range, as follows: 293.6 gm/ sq.m., in 459 m. 2.0 gm/ sq.m., in 902 m. 35.0 gm/ sq.m., in 218 m. 1.8 gm/ sq.m., in 676 m. 29.4 gm/ sq.m., in 89 m. 0.6 gm/ sq.m., in 800 m. 14.0 gm/ sq.m., in 221 m. 0.2 gm/ sq.m., in 623 m. Weights were negligible in 1387 and 1624 meters. Percentages of weights by major animal groups are as follows: In 89 meters, with 14.7 grams: polychaetes mollusks Scalpellum sp., barnacle In 218 meters, with 17.58 grams: ophiuroids polychaetes Boltenia (ascidian) 75% ZA NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 51 mollusks 7.0 a sipunculid 4.0 In 221 meters, with 7.08 grams: polychaetes 47.0% mollusks 41.0 sipunculid 7.0 pycnogonid and crustaceans 4.0 In 459 meters, with 146.8 grams: brissopsids 89.0% polychaetes 5.4 mollusks 4.6 2 isopods 1.0 In 676 meters, with 0.9 grams, chiefly 3 anemones, polychaetes and a nemertean, comprised the biomass. Weights were negligible in 623, 902, 1387 and 1624 meters, but life was present in all sampled depths and characterized by considerable hexactinellid sponge (not weighed) in 902 meters. Catalina canyon:—Sampled depths of 88 to 1272 meters showed a sharp drop in biomass after 88 meters, increased’ again to 379 meters, and dropped thereafter to only 4.0 grams per sample, in the deepest part. The values are as follows: 330.6 gm/ sq.m., in 88 m. 63.6 gm/ sq.m., in 559 m. 267.2 gm/ sq.m., in 379 m. 38.0 gm/ sq.m., in 914 m. 196.8 gm/ sq.m., in 362 m. 35.0 gm/ sq.m., in 549 m. 118.4 gm/ sq.m., in 266 m. 8.5 gm/ sq.m., in 708 m. 88.4 gm/ sq.m., in 216 m. 8.0 gm/ sq.m., in 1272 m. Weights were negligible in 853 meters, partly because the rocky bottom could not be recovered; the same was the case in 708 meters. Percentages of weights by major groups of animals are as follows: In 88 meters, with 165.3 grams: ophiuroids 64.5% holothuroids 19.0 4 Travisia and other polychaetes 16.5 In 216 meters, with 44.2 grams: polychaetes 69.0% mollusks 19.6 ophiuroids 8.0 sipunculids 3.4 a2 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS In 266 meters, with 59.2 grams: polychaetes, chiefly Maldane a large nemertean 4 sipunculids others, less than In 362 meters, with 98.4 grams: 5 Brissopsis pacifica 12 holothurians polychaetes an echiuroid mollusks ophiuroids In 379 meters, with 133.6 grams: polychaetes 1 Allocentrotus and 1 Brissopsis 1 echiuroid 1 holothuroid mollusks others, less than In 549 meters, with 17.5 grams: 3 brissopsids polychaetes ophiuroids In 559 meters, with 31.3 grams: 3 echinoids polychaetes mollusks ophiuroids In 957 meters, with 19.0 grams: polychaetes an echinoid isopods and other crustaceans mollusks with shells others, less than In 1272 meters, with 4.0 grams: polychaetes ophiuroids 84.0% 16.0 Weights were negligible in samples coming from rocky bottoms. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 53 Catalina canyon has a shelf fauna in its upper limits. In 559 meters and beyond, the fauna is a deepwater one, characterized by the presence of brissopsids, solenogasters, Dacrydium, a small white clam, Ophio- musium jolliensis, an ophiuroid, and various polychaetes. Holothuroids occur chiefly above 379 meters, whereas brissopsid urchins are below 362 meters. San Clemente rift valley:—Sampling procedures were unsatisfactory to obtain biomass data; the samples are discussed more completely elsewhere. Tanner canyon:—This was sampled in depths of 298 to 1298 meters. Biomass values ranged as follows: 64.2 gm/ sq.m., in 496 m. 6.2 gm/ sq.m., in 1298 m. 51.4 gm/ sq.m., in 603 m. 4.0 gm/ sq.m., in 644 m. 43.4 gm/sq.m., in 298 m. 3.8 gm/ sq.m., in 813 m. Percentages of weights by major animal groups are as follows: In 298 meters, with 22.3 grams: 2 echinoids 61.9% polychaetes 25a ophiuroids 8.1 mollusks 27 crustaceans 22 In 496 meters, with 32.1 grams: 1 Turcicula (snail) 36.96 % polychaetes 36.18 ophiuroids 17.91 an echinoid poe hfe others 6.23 In 644 meters, with 2.0 grams: polychaetes 55.0% holothurians 25.0 mollusks 20.0 In 813 meters, with 2.9 grams: polychaetes 51.7% ophiuroids 48.3 In 1298 meters, with 3.1 grams: polychaetes 58.1% sipunculids 41.9 54 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 In Tanner canyon large brissopsid echinoids are most conspicuous at 298 and 496 meters. A large snail, Turcicula, occurs at 603 meters. Most species are much smaller, greatly diversified, and deepwater, having their more extended distribution in adjacent outer canyons. The irregularity of biomass data can be further demonstrated by summarizing the totals for all canyons, from north to south and from east to west, each with the numbers of samples, total numbers of cuft taken, and total weights of larger animals in grams, as follows: Name of Number of Canyon Samples Feo one pa Redondo Cubic Feet of All Samples Total Weight in Grams 1161.8 more than 24.68 40.66 41.11 167.07 more than 92.36 460.8 a ney a : nes 1 27.69 ew ELE San Pedro La Jolla Coronado negligible Santa Cruz Catalina San Clemente NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 55 If productivity is estimated in terms of grams per cuft of sediment, the results will show that northern, longshore canyons usually yield more than offshore ones; the exceptions are Catalina canyon, which ranks fourth, and Tanner canyon which is eighth. In the following estimates the samples from Redondo canyon are reduced from 54 to 32, and their total volumes from 92.36 to 27.62 cuft because 22 of the samples come from fan, or subsill depths. These values, from highest to lowest, are as follows: Monterey canyon, with 59 grams/ cuft. or 2082 gm/ m® Redondo canyon, with 34 gm/ cuft. or 1200 gm/ m? Hueneme canyon, with 25.5 gm/ cuft. or 900 gm/ m® Catalina canyon, with 22 gm/ cuft. or 776.4 gm/ m? Mugu canyon, with 14.3 gm/ cuft. or 504.6 gm/ m? Newport canyon, with 14 gm/ cuft. or 494.1 gm/ m? Dume canyon, with 13.4 gm/ cuft. or 472.9 gm/ m? Tanner canyon, with 8.7 gm/ cuft. or 306.0 gm/ m3 San Pedro sea valley, with 8.1 gm/ cuft. or 285.8 gm/ m? Coronado canyon, with 8.0 gm/ cuft. or 282.3 gm/ m? Santa Cruz canyon, with 7.0 gm/ cuft. or 237.0 gm/ m? La Jolla canyon, with 6.4 gm/ cuft. or 225.9 gm/ m? Santa Monica canyon, with 4.0 gm/ cuft. or 141.2 gm/ m? all others, less than 1 gram per cuft. or 35.3 gm/ m® The yields in individual samples reached a high of 814 grams to a square meter in Hueneme canyon and varied to 64.2 grams in Tanner canyon; these values are expressed by canyon, with depth, and biomass rerated to grams to a square meter: Hueneme canyon, with 814 gm/ m?, in 373 meters. Redondo canyon, with 532.84 gm/ m?, in 560 meters. Newport canyon, with 506.4 gm/ m?, in 211 meters. Mugu canyon, with 427.2 gm/ m?, in 177 meters. Catalina canyon, with 330.6 gm/ m?, in 88 meters. Dume canyon, with 307.4 gm/ m?, in 299 meters. Santa Cruz canyon, with 293.6 gm/ m?, in 459 meters. Coronado canyon, with 211.4 gm/ m?, in 960 meters. Santa Monica canyon, with 165.2 gm/ m?, in 268 meters. La Jolla canyon, with 163.6 gm/ m?, in 121 meters. Tanner canyon, with 64.2 gm/ m?, in 496 meters. 56 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Highest values are generally the result of the presence of one or a few large individuals, these sometimes weighing more than all others combined. Some such animals are thalassemid echiuroids, echinoid echi- noderms, large holothurians, or large shelled gastropods. Lowest values exist in the mouth ends of the canyons along shore, where they join basins. These values range from 2.0 to 20.3 grams to a square meter (Hartman and Barnard, 1958, p. 4) and highest values occur in the outer series of basins, with the highest in Long basin, where a value of 49.7 grams to a square meter was largely due to the presence of an echiuroid worm. ABUNDANCE OF ANIMALS RESPECTING AREAL COVERAGE Total numbers of species and specimens follow a fairly uniform pattern and generally decrease with depth. Infrequent occurrences of very low or very high numbers can be correlated with unusual factors. Thus, the summarized low values in Monterey canyon can be at- tributed to sparse sampling and the low values in San Clemente rift valley are the result of ineffective penetration by the grab. Other low figures may be noted in Hueneme canyon, in 98 meters, where only 13 species and 30 specimens of polychaetes contrast with much higher numbers in all other depths. This bottom is possibly a disturbed one. The same applies to the one from 271 meters, where only 6 species and 9 specimens are recorded. In Mugu canyon a poor bottom was encountered in 119 meters where only 6 species and 15 specimens were taken; here the presence of Capitella suggested a polluted or diluted substratum. In Dume canyon at 299 meters, only 14 species and 20 specimens of polychaetes were tabulated; the sample contained three large specimens of Brisaster townsendi, weighing 153.7 grams; it is possible they were predatory on the fauna in their immediate environs. An unusually high count in Santa Monica canyon, in 116 meters, was due to the presence of Capitella capitata subspp., perhaps related to the proximity of outfall lines discharging fresh water. Redondo canyon showed high counts in nearly all samples. Its lowest values occurred on the fan, where impoverished conditions prevail. Unusually high values were encountered in 741 meters, where 309 individuals, nearly all small ampharetid polychaetes, were counted. In La Jolla canyon, at 274 and 371 meters, the samples were high in specimens of Capitella. This canyon was somewhat impoverished NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 57 below this depth, but after 708 meters a deep water fauna was present, with large numbers of specimens. Coronado canyon followed a pattern of continued decrease in numbers with depth. Santa Cruz canyon had an upsurge in numbers at 459 meters, where two species of cir- ratulid polychaetes accounted for much of the increase. Catalina canyon, in 559 meters, had 27 species and 678 specimens, the high numbers resulting from peak numbers of an ampharetid. In Tanner canyon, at 644 meters, 27 species with 135 specimens were mainly due to the presence of various deepwater species. In most cases cited, an approximate areal coverage by numbers per square meter might be ascertained by increasing the figures by a factor of 2 to 4, depending on the size of the original sample. The following lists give the numbers of all species and specimens, together with polychaete species and specimens, by name of canyon, depth in meters, and station numbers as logged by the Research Vessel, VELERO IV: 58 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.A27 MONTEREY CANYON Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number of all species and polychaete species is 71/38: of all specimens and polychaete specimens 1236/736. HUENEME CANYON Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number 46/30 260/232 680/424 290/272 224/147 16/9 152/118 27/18 277/254 376 Number of all species and polychaete species is 157/90; of all speci- mens and polychaete specimens 2941/2208. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 59 MUGU CANYON Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters 130/62 1523/421 10/6 19/15 92/43 849/402 24/12 81/52 151/74 164/125 62/53 Number of all species and polychaete species is 242/114; of all speci- mens and polychaete specimens 2898/1167. DUME CANYON Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number 32/20 131/80 55/38 61/51 40/22 235/19 24/16 Number of all species and polychaete species is 91/53; of all specimens and polychaete specimens 608/261. 60 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 SANTA MONICA CANYON Station Number Number of Species Total / Polychaete Number of Specimens Total / Polychaete n/a vasa 18/10 177/114 6780 Depth in Meters ee ee 7 a a ie ie a 22/14 44/24 loueein 3 6778 ee a Number of all species and polychaete species is 170/118; of all speci- mens and polychaete specimens 10626/10203. No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 61 REDONDO CANYON, SOUTH WALL Number of Specimens Total / Polychaete ee see ae | a ee a Number of all species and polychaete species is 172/109; of all speci- mens and polychaete specimens 2447/1408. Depth Station in Meters Number Number of Species Total / Polychaete 64/39 REDONDO CANYON, NORTH WALL Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number i Se s/s s/o 22 76/47 897/357 120 ee es 65 27/17 122/76 4 23/19 91/86 Number of all species and polychaete species is 237/121; of all speci- mens and polychaete specimens 4750/2727. he f a 62 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.c27 REDONDO CANYON, AXIS ae ana || Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number 1227/1214 wae [ie | ne [ween | arene oe | ee ee Number of all species and polychaete species is 168/106; of all speci- mens and polychaete specimens 4839/3705. REDONDO CANYON, BASIN SLOPE Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters 60/40 589/387 167 2789 452/351 31/19 109/86 Number of all species and polychaete species is 113/81; of all speci- mens and polychaete specimens 1181/843. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 63 REDONDO CANYON, FAN, to 751 meters Station Number Number of Specimens Total / Polychaete ere 2362 6774 (eieen ce Depth in Meters Number of Species Total / Polychaete 21/8 a 11/6 29/24 3169 =e — xt = Te ie Number of all species and polychaete species is 79/52: of all specimens and polychaete specimens 695/520. REDONDO CANYON, FAN, to 800 meters Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number Number of all species and polychaete species is 10/6; of all specimens and polychaete specimens 15/9, 64 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 REDONDO CANYON, FAN, to 853 meters Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number Number of all species and polychaete species 16/9; of all specimens and polychaete specimens 29/9, Grand total for entire fan depths: 52 species and 741 specimens. SAN PEDRO SEA VALLEY Station Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Number Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters 47/33 218/206 6854 77/48 2660/2558 7174 32/21 106/59 319 6501 19/14 94/88 406 7160 ao 21/11 ie [vn ea 716 0 22/15 6861 65/45 74 7498 NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 65 (Stations 7161 and 7175 in this series, were dredged samples and are not here included.) Number of all species and polychaete species 212/144: of all specimens and polychaete specimens 4134/3778. NEWPORT CANYON Station Number 1995/1723 16 7031 ; 178 1 Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters 7030 5367 538/513 235 7730 Number of all species and polychaete species 262/149; of all specimens and polychaete specimens 8222/6468. 7729 66 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VoL. 27 SAN DIEGO TRENCH, NORTH END Total / Polychaete Number of Species Number of Specimens Total / Polychaete 9/7 Depth in Meters Station Number 18/13 60/29 126/84 Number of all species and polychaete species 58/29: of all specimens and polychaete specimens 296/196. Number of Species Number of Specimens LA JOLLA CANYON Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number 70/62 999/925 64/54 284/242 35/15 938/888 30/19 | 14,562/14,400 19/14 | 845/828 371 16/11 72/17 517 PAYAL 41/20 637 7040 15/8 172/162 708 7048 38/21 229/162 793 | —_ | 33/21 221/133 976 7049 Number of all species and polychaete species 191/126; of all specimens and polychaete specimens: 18,418/17,807. OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS CORONADO CANYON 67 Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number 64/38 346/112 123 70/41 508/265 177 25/13 133/87 344 31/16 323/215 566 19/11 88/58 | 960 | 6850 | Number of all species and polychaete species 152/99: of all specimens and polychaete specimens 1598/843. SANTA CRUZ CANYON Number of Species Total / Polychaete Number of Specimens Total / Polychaete Depth in Meters Station Number 398/374 6803 92/71 86/76 473/367 17/15 41/33 15/14 38/37 15/14 73/71 902 6808 ee 11/8 18/10 1387 6810 al | 1/1 1/1 1624 6811 ta: Number of all species and polychaete species 194/120; of all specimens and polychaete specimens 1220/1040. 68 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 CATALINA CANYON Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number ee 28/14 145/61 763/678 Number of all species and polychaete species 163/105; of all specimens and polychaete specimens 3390/1993. SAN CLEMENTE RIFT VALLEY Number of Species Number of Specimens Depth Station Total / Polychaete Total / Polychaete in Meters Number Number of all species and polychaete species 43/27; of all specimens and polychaete specimens 91/52. ——— NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 69 TANNER CANYON Depth Station in Meters Number Number of Specimens Total / Polychaete Number of Species Total / Polychaete ee we [we ae [ee ee ee ane [ave ea Pe [et [| Number of all species and polychaete species 127/75: of all specimens and polychaete specimens 1553/456. It can be seen that the highest number of species 'and specimens (cumulative) has not come from Redondo canyon, from which the largest number of samples originate, but from those samples which have come from shallow, or shelf depths, where sediments are mainly silty mud or sand, and where diversity is greatest. ON THE REPLACEMENT OF SPECIES IN THE SUBMARINE CANYONS a. Replacement of species in successive canyons:—The replacement of species in successive canyons, from northernmost to southernmost, and from longshore to offshore locations, is best illustrated by naming the species by canyons, in sequence from north to south and from east to west. Because the polychaetes and echinoderms are most com- pletely identified and consistently present, they are used to illustrate the principles involved. Four hundred and one polychaetes and sixty- one echinoderms are named. The occurrence of a species is indicated by an X, and its absence (or unnoted presence) by a blank space. Listing the specific categories in this order, 37 species of polychaetes are named from Monterey canyon. Twenty-three of these are common to Hueneme canyon, and 69 others are added, including those named, from no. 38, Aglaophamus sp., through no. 106, Travisia pupa (see below). The sequence continues with Mugu, Dume, Santa Monica, 70 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Redondo, San Pedro, Newport canyons, the San Diego trench, La Jolla and Coronado canyons, all longshore. One notes a conspicuous increase in numbers in Redondo canyon, partly because this was the best sampled of all canyons, and because it extends from shallow, 57 meter, shelf depths where specific categories include shelf species, through slope and basin depths, or a total of about 700 meters vertical depth, and therefore includes faunal components of all depth categories. If other canyons with comparable depth ranges had been sampled as completely, it is possible that comparable high numbers might have been encountered; this possibility merits exploration for future programs. An abrupt faunal break is noted in going from longshore to offshore canyons, as from Coronado to Santa Cruz and Catalina canyons, with specific numbers 352 to 375 (see below). These species are components of an outer fauna and again show vertical zonation. Another break at San Clemente rift valley reflects a change in physical characters of the bottom, from mud to rock, as well as mechanical difficulties of recovering samples of any size. Tanner canyon, though sampled with few probes, shows a sizeable increase of specific cate- gories, those numbered 390 to 401 (below) not previously encountered. More complete coverage of these outer canyons will doubtless reveal a considerable addition to diversified groups, and many species not pre- viously known. The listing has further interest in that it reveals the considerable number of species present in all or most canyons. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 7( Species listed by canyon Mt — Monterey canyon Di — San Diego valley H — Hueneme canyon J — La Jolla canyon Mu — Mugu canyon Co — Coronado canyon Du — Dume canyon Z — Santa Cruz canyon Mo — Santa Monica canyon Ca — Santa Catalina canyon R — Redondo canyon Cl — San Clemente rift valley S$ — San Pedro sea valley T — Tanner canyon N — Newport canyon ~~ tat Brada pluribranchiata Capitella capitata subspp. Chaetozone sp. Chloeia pinnata Heteromastus filobranchus Lepidametria sp. alia iapathnin ations |x|) |x) | [iamibrneisindes | ses a occ z CELE Maldane sarsi or sp. x | x] [=]x] [x] | | he ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 | POLYCHAETES | mt| [Mu Du} mol | $ | W |i J [co] z [ca] ct] T ee Rie Nothria pallida ~ ES a re = ee ie et Pe Tharyx tesselata Aglaophamus sp. Amage anops or sp. Amphicteis sp. Amphiduros, nr pacificus or sp. Anaitides, nr groenlandica Anaitides madeirensis Aphrodita refulgida Aricidea lopezi Axiothella rubrocincta Axiothella spp. or Euclymene Chone Pinfundibuliformis Cossura pygodactylata Cossura spp. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS i3 | __POLYCHAETES | Mt| Hi [Mu/Du mol R | S| W |i J [co} z cau Dorilea spp ee ea Eteone dilatae Eteone californica Si Eteone spp. Eunice americana ig Glycera americana Glycera robusta Glycera tenuis iz Glycera sp. Glycinde polygnatha Goniada annulata Goniada brunnea Haploscoloplos elongatus Be Isocirrus sp. Lanice sp. Laonice cirrata Laonice foliata Lumbrineris bicirrata Lumbrineris californiensis Lumbrineris cruzensis Lumbrineris, nr sarsi Lumbrineris simplicis Lumbrineris spp. Mediomastus californiensis Mediomastus glabrus Melinna heterodonta Myriochele gracilis Nephtys caecoides fe ay Ci Nephtys ferruginea VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 74 Terebellides stroemi or sp. Thalenessa spinosa Travisia pupa Ammotrypane aulogaster Ampharete arctica ampharetids Amphicteis scaphobranchiata Travisia gigas Ophiodromus pugettensis Oxydromus a. glabrus Pilargis Phamatus Praxillella a. pacifica Prionospio malmgreni Prionospio pinnata Scalibregma inflatum Spiophanes bombyx Spiophanes fimbriata Spiophanes pallidus Prionospio spp. Onuphis eremita Onuphis vexillaria Spiophanes spp. Pista disjuncta Oxydromus sp. Nephtys spp. Ninoé gemmea Nothria elegans Nothria spp. Notomastus lineatus -rowrnenes Yuu [J nme | etal | | 5 | PouycHacres ——_[t|H [Mul Du]Mo] R| S| |i) 1 [co] z [eo] ct | T i OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS i (9 Sal alll | HEL THR TL lalal |] 2 |; §\ 3] 5 s | él: Sie Zils e | &|38 5 ELE) |EE|E] TEL EVE VElalal, sielalelelai ile el 3) &) 2 |'s el3|s SPE el ele | el ele ele eis) ele] 2] els gyal elelslslelele | ele Ss ee lel el eieieleleiay § Sele gl aiElZleie/i] SF SlElg/elelel ass] eleielelais ela 4. 3] 3]: PISTTISlELS | SIE/ESES S/F) Sel eles s e/ S| s See SlSle sls lls] Ss lele ls lslel2 i slslslelsl/sFis/s]s/s] sls 76 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 —ronrenneres uw oe] [ew Jo] [a ermanurtomse || del | dele let le] | lal ECCELEEL EEE Hf } EL : ia : a G | i : i ieee Paras tationtwerm | re ee Semin | nr Se a : fi in SGEDii SEE | i | H Sthenelais tertiaglabra Cirratulus sp., anoculate rH a Eumida Ptubiformis Be Harmothoe, nr lunulata or sp. Leiochrides hemipodus or sp No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS ri | PoLycHAETES ——_|t|W [Mu] Du [Mo | S| w|i] 4 coz [ca] | Lumbrineris, moniliform Melinnexis sp. Aglaophamus erectans Amphicteis mucronata Amphisamytha sp. Anaitides spp. Aphrodita spp. Aricidea ramosa Aricidca spp. Armandia bioculata Chactozone gracilis Cirratulus cirratus 78 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 | _Pouycaeres _[t|W [mulOu|Mo| ms | w|i 3 [co] z |a/ ctr Ci anne) eR Ree fe ea Marphysa conferta Marphysa disjuncta . . . Nereis p. neonigripes pabeaeasbedeiel std ct Wit ie Paranaitis polynoides Potamethus mucronatus or sp. Praxillella gracilis Protis pacifica or sp. eee Thee See Eo See See eee Bee eae cel). ES ees PERE BECESERSe Eeeneeers ee eee ee et as eee el. Eee. eee eee ae aE S I oes ese. EL eee SRA ORE Rise. Eo SER eS eees Eee crc Oa eA cl Ol Eso aacrccete ow Pee felPum ah ueclbal alae mel le) Caer dtm? ela hate Cais me Paeas Essar som Oi Ol helo Pat NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 79 capitellid Chaetozone Psetosa PDasybranchus sp. PDiplocirrus sp. Drilonereis Plonga Drilonereis Pnuda Euclymene sp. Evarnglla fragilis flabelligerid Glycera tesselata Glyphanostomum Ppallescens Harmothoé sp., reticulate PHauchiella sp. hesionid Lagisca sp. Langerhansia heterochaeta Lepidasthenia interrupta Leanira calcis Lumbrineris bifilaris Lumbrineris Ptetraura Lysippe annectens or sp. 80 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 rowvenneres [owls [wa Jo] [a LURE UOC epee. | ARE ee Reena ELDER ee cca Bo Sal = fommivnce | La] D1 1 [ome PPP fone a a Cc Preiaiemee —— L RL Ca Ce er eC Preemie a CCE Prime LEB Cn Ce Peewee EC a Ce Cn SR Preece LCE pee Ieee felce aal Proemmeme tT LEL LLL peers ee Ie cl ea fe cs ewctotin minom ——f |] | dx 11 ell stints | PT | tala] Lola Eo ae es re freewectoie fepionemec mat PPL LL ee ee ee a Oe NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 81 | POLYCHAETES | t| H [Mu|Du|Mo] R | |W [bi] J [Go| z |¢a)c1| T Ancistrosyllis groenlandica anoculata Aricidea lopezi rubra Be Recree Eee setatel ts) 414) 14/12 || nee ee eee eel ee eee on eee ioe ee AE ae Ree [Meruenbettioons | | | | | | tel | [xl | | | I |Megniomma,bioniatoore | | | | | | tel | | | | | cs eee eee Sphaerodoridium ?sphaerulifer Arabella rior SSH Sct IL 2a ee Ftcone,longheaded RR RRREREe owes a Cr er a Lary a a Fi age Ei amber | | nrcceat mE perme al |/)1lle| ia a ee 82 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 | ponycHaeres ———_[at|H [mulbu|wol es | [oi] 3 oz [ca] ci] T feoecine | 1) Te fico. Sanna NMUMUGEEE ES EEC” a a Prirmvettas TE Lidia ES i [cosmo | a [rea ae | Co ee ES Co Ce a [erst tins | [rwnetinos fi L a BRERA SS EE DHHRBERBBere! Femail BAIR Pia Peers Ida Ease eee NEEL ERanbel a SUURERESESS0050 ae Melinna sp. Notomastus precocis Priel fa HRRHBERERS oo: RE RMBERERARSCE polychaete, unknown BRRRREREASS SS Pholoé sp., anoculate ih Ammotrypae pallida PRES EMSs es tr BDH ERERES oc. Aricidea (Aedicira), unknown sp. No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 83 | PotycHaeres | wt] H [MujOu|mo! es | w|i 4 [co] z [00] ct |r sea ae PSL Ta eS] [a all a ee Thelepus sp. capitellid, A capitellid, B Eunice sp. Heteromastus sp. Leaena caeca Nothria conchylega Polyophthalmus translucens Praxillura maculata a Spiophanes, unknown sp. cirratulid, abranchiate Glycera, nr capitata 84 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLT27 | PotycHaeres ——_[t| H(i bu| ol R/ s/w |i] 4 [co] z cat |v orem IDM NEUE AEC! jscionella japonica =| | | | TT | dT LT | | | let | Sphacrodorum Porevcopiis | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | [al | jampharetespteree | | | | | dT | | TCT | | | | de jAviciea nrfouoe# =| |] | | TL TTT LL | el ee ee fharmothoid, anoculte | | | | | | | | | | | | | fe [myriochele vette | | | | | | TL | TT | ie EEE Le a aa emer pee YT) Us eel eee eee EET ine : Vane yo amie FONT a NA 2 siacetrtan stn LLL ELLE No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 85 SaSHARSGERARPG ophiuroid Amphiodia urtica Amphipholis pugetana Amphipholis squamata Amphiura seminuda Brissopsis pacifica Amphioplus hexacanthus Amphiodia digitata Amphiodia occidentalis Astropecten californicus Dendraster excentricus Leptosynapta albicans or sp. POphiacantha abnormis Ophiothrix spiculata Ophiomusium jolliensis Pisaster capitatus Ophiacantha diplasia Ophiopholis bakeri Ophiura liitkeni Mediaster aequalis Rathbunaster californicus Sclerasterias heteropaes Cucumaria crax Psolus sp. Ophiocynodus corynetes Amphiacantha amphacantha Amphichondrius granulosus 86 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 [eonnonerns [uw olf] [s [wo [ [ole [fa ee ee bat Co ee PERCE ReESERE a a CREB ce opie ie. LL EAL a miegrerre fate, 1) alse eeeeerebent. 1) A Ela) x| Le e papeoeiogtee |} ) LU le paeiaetap septate) LAL =| | a ee ECR oc epee gets PJ ale ae CL a Sse Eee eee ees Ga eee Gebers dt ld || ee gets ene) dE CI lS ee a eeeiprieen es lds bdo bo bolita Ce ee eee ees curiae qere SILT Tia eo a spemik = CELE Serban ergot, 4 [1 |i} bel fhe al pee book LP a oo cutee Soe ee Sa neal mene eles ey | ce eeeneeeee Ste alee mer ceebelae =| pene tieeieed. £— fot + tA ASE |e ies) re icone he — Pe es les dood ated, hte SEED el a sie paren d= DEAE | lh jAmriiotin roe LT LT ET EE TE TT Pee eae eRe BRemsae Cie eS SSS wees [POphiaonthess. EE Ei nee i a NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 87 | motuusks [mt] [mum | s | oi] [oz [cal ci] r | evans rotors |x tx| | | | [el | TL | | | caioog GBR EBS Sse a ee ee can al a Sey pee ey eee St i re eRe eS | cee eee) hss ae Joely BO BBB BEE ee ee EE! 2) 2 Re td a er ee LI) Loa ecole Oe eee ahs fact WE BEER Ee BREE pee: Lee 2s pee Pe ee dll ee a le Sere Ee SRR ORS ee ie eS RRR ERR Re Ss =e eee ees ae ell [2 | led] dled Gee tA spel deal Bee ea ee ees aa e ess ees Sa SERRE REESE SE ear SRC ER Rae! a sc = fe 25 aes || | ae Modiolus neglectus eee Nassarius perpinguis x aman 88 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 | mounusks [t/a bu] Mo] Rs [|i] 4 [co) 2 [ca] ct T Odeon GRRE EN ss Pelina carpenter Ass ee ae Compsomya PRG EHREERA SCS Mirella pormodest PRPBEERERERS SS. psec SE al Cadulustolmic ESE aaa lal Lucinoma annulata Nn es) = 8 3 = a y 5 st = Sy > = ~~ > a i 7 < a wn Saxicavella spp. Semele dehiscens Thyasira sp. Acteocina culcitella intermedia Acteon punctocoelata seo FE ala had i Amphissa bicolor bn i CELE Bittium catalinense lala Bittium rugatum subplanatum Cadulus fusiformis Cardiomya californica Cardiomya pectinata Compsomyax subdiaphana Crystallophrisson hartmani Crystallophrisson riedli Crystallophrisson rubrum Crystallophrisson scabrum NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 89 [woutusns Yue ses [a [Jo lar ee meets Culihnella degen eli eee cmacwchiim TTT tl LL ee Se a 2 epemerd id eee a parser enr cieitithir er Cee) tebbal a Co ans vtime———| | [| | anerts ee sett tee ttl Poe Cr a a nr Remote TTT et) TT | a rr a ee a Peter LEC a oe ee no a a osermes TT LE omtowem PTR “ME re | POE ee 90 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Twounuses [mt] # u[bu[mo] e [s [w|i] 3 oo] z [ea|cr] r Solemya panamensis eee | Sphenia global BER EBRBiwere:| Yoldia spp. a Bebe: Daerydium pacicum BERBER EE BREE Dentalium neohexagonum A ings sp. pa of 2 lel Lyonsiella alaskana Mirela carinat | a st Mirela tuberos Ra RRERS Eee Pon i oleh eee ee NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 91 | MouLusKs [|W [au Du} mol | s | [pi] J [co] z ]co[ eur pee tt ee ee powwow TET eae BE fewer eee rd dl oA sla Je sl 9? ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 On the Numerical Values of Polychaete and Echinoderm Species with Latitude and Distance from Shore:—The following analyses of species in the canyons show the step-down effects resulting from latitude and distance from shore. The kinds of species change from north to south, and from inshore to offshore canyons; some species drop out, others are added. Polychaetes, represented by 37 specific categories in the northernmost, Monterey canyon, are increased by 69 species to total 91 species in Hueneme canyon; 22 are common to Monterey canyon. In Mugu canyon an additional 57 species appear- to bring the total to 117 species; of these 22 are common to Monterey canyon and 38 to Hueneme canyon. Proceeding southward, Dume canyon has 70 species; of these 17 are common to Monterey canyon, 20 to Hueneme, 6 to Mugu, and 27 are newly added. The same procedure follows for the remaining areas, named below. The rise and fall in numbers is irregular, partly because the sampling procedures were not the same; numbers of samples and their sizes varied considerably. The numbers of echinoderms show a similar pattern of replacement. Four species are named in Monterey canyon. Hueneme is represented by 6, of which | is common to Monterey canyon and 5 are added. Mugu canyon has 14 species of which 3 are common to Monterey, and 3 to Hueneme canyon. Dume canyon has 16 species; 2 are known also in Monterey, 4 in Hueneme, none in Mugu and 10 are newly added. It should be re-emphasized that the number of species does not in- crease proportionately to the number of samples taken. On the other hand, the number of species increase abruptly when substrata differ. This re- placement by canyon, depth, latitude and kinds of sediments can be noted for every benthic species found in the canyons. 93 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 -UWINU [e}0+ JI 1eysty eYMOUIOS puNO}J aq Sasvd SOUL uoAueD aUeWaTD uofueD eUur[eyeD uoAuey) znigd eueS uofued opeuoto) uohue) eIor BT uofued odetq ues uofuey i10dmMaN uofued O1pag ues Ut TI}* p uoAueDd opuopey “poppe oie sosA[eue ayeaiedes wo} s.10q pue ‘[eultutw are ‘uoAueo Aq ‘satoeds Jo slequinu [¥}0} UL T uoAueg sulaueny uoAue, AarazU0W, suokuey Aq $3194dS SLAVHOA1Od 4O SYASWNN uoAfue) eorUuO uoAued sung uoAueg nsnj uoAued sweueny VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 94 eee uoAue) eiior ey ace uofued osatq ues uofkueg awaueny Se SS Se Ee oa suokueg Aq S3d1ID4ddS WYAGONIH9S dO SY3EWNN uoAueg Iauue,L uofueD) ayUueUla[D ues uoAueD eUI[e}eD eIUeS uoAued znig vues uoAuey opeuol10) uoAueyD eIIOL eT uofuegd oSatq ues uofuey WOdMaN uoAueyg O1peg ues uoAued opuopey uofued BoIUuOy BJUeS uofueg swoeueny uofueg Aatazuoj NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN“ SUBMARINE CANYONS 95 b. On the Replacement of Species Within Canyons :—The replace- ment of species by depth or canyon is an aspect of zonation best illustrated where there is a considerable specific replacement (see Analyses in the APPENDIX). An example is the distribution pattern of two conspicuous, nearly related brissopsid echinoderms,—Brissopsis pacifica and Brisaster townsendi. Because they are large, easily identi- fied and may comprise a considerable part of the animal weight in a sample, they are used to illustrate the change of specific occurrences with latitude, depth and proximity to shore. The canyons are named from north to south and from longshore to offshore. Depths are given in meters and range of sampled depths in the right hand column. It is shown, therefore, that Brisaster townsendi is most abundant in northern and longshore canyons and attains its maximum abundance in Hueneme canyon, in 397 meters, whereas Brissopsis pacifica is most abundant in Santa Cruz canyon, in 459 meters, as well as in middle and southern longshore canyons. In their median ranges the two may occur in equal numbers. Among the ophiuroids, Amphiodia digitata attains its greatest numbers in shallowest depths along shore and diminishes thereafter ; in Redondo canyon their numbers are: 388 specimens at 57 meters; 39 at 107 m, 109 at 122 mand 21 at 146 meters. Amphipholis squamata attains highest numbers in Redondo canyon with 43 specimens in 57 m, 12 in 344 m, 22 in 123 m, and 54 in 177 m. Its highest numbers in offshore canyons are in Catalina, with 105 specimens in 88 m. Amphipholis pugetana, in Redondo canyon, numbers 49 specimens in 542 m; in Santa Cruz canyon there are 10 in 218 m, and 95 in 459 meters. In Tanner canyon its numbers rise to 290 in 496 m, and diminish to 23 in 644 m. This species is more characteristic of outer than of longshore canyons. Amphiacantha amphacantha in Redondo canyon, numbers 11 in 107 m, 24 in 120 m, 25 in 122 m and 5 in 146 meters; its vertical range is thus restricted. Amphioplus strongyloplax in Redondo canyon numbers 14 speci- mens in 146 m, with fewer numbers at other depths. Amphiodia urtica is one of the most abundant ophiuroids along 96 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Longshore Canyons Brisaster townsendi Brissopsis pacifica Range of With Number of Specimens and Depths Depth in Meters Sampled Monterey 12 spec. in 3 samples 168 to 905 m 36° 47' N in 168 to 410 m Hueneme 30 in 4 7 in 2 98 to 621 m 34° 04' to O7' N 209 to 478 m 373 to 478 m Mugu 5 in 3 119 to 929 m 34° 01' to 04' N 177 to 676 m Dume 11 in 5 ined 299 to 905 m 33° 54' to 59' N 299 to 638 m 398 to 652 m Santa Monica 4in2 7in4 116 to 873 m 33°53" to 55" N 431 to 475 m 431 to 583 m Name of Canyon With Latitude Redondo 107 to 611 m 120 to 560 m 57 to 853 m 33° 41' to 49' N south wall 4in2 ouinve 232 to 519 m 542 to 575 m north wall axis basin slope 6 in 2 3 in 2 167 to 334 m 334 to 556 m faa near ee eee San Pedro 30 in 8 16 in 5 100 to 740 m 33° 38' to 39' N 221 to 740 m 240 to 740 m Newport linl ieines 16 to 741 m 33), 35' to 36' N in 178 m 420 to 642 m San Diego tr. none linl 686 to 846 m 33° 13' N in 840 m La Jolla none linl 79 to 976 m 33° 49' to 54' N in 793 m Coronado 11 in 4 123 to 1265 m 32° 30' N 177 to 960 m 5 in 2 3 in 3 107 to 146 m 120 to 465 m 34 in 11 7inl 239 to 611 m in 560 m i) NO. OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 97 Offshore Canyons Name of Canyon With Latitude Brisaster townsendi ___Brissopsis pacifica With Number of Specimens and Depths Depth in Meters Sampled Santa Cruz 8 inl 89 to 1624 m 33° 54' to 59' N in 459 m Catalina linl 9in4 88 to 1272 m 33° 22' N in 549 m 319 to 708 m San Clemente 950 to 1620 m 32° 44' to 48' N Tanner linl 7in4 298 to 1298 m 3273308 to 30 IN in 603 m 298 to 813 m the outer edge of the shelf (Barnard and Ziesenhenne, 1961, p. 133). In Redondo canyon its maximum numbers are much fewer, to 152 Range of in 146 meters. In Coronado canyon it numbers 85 specimens in 123 m and 107 in 177 m. In Catalina canyon its numbers rise to 606 in 88 m (thus again like a shelf population), and reduce to 27 in 362 m. Other ophiuroid distributions are indicated in the analytical results. Another aspect of replacement or zonation, is that on the specific level, where closely related species change with depth. This has been illustrated for some of the polychaete families, Onuphidae, Lumbrine- ridae, Orbiniidae, Glyceridae, and Capitellidae (Hartman, 1959, pp. 313-315). The same principle applies to other families and groups of organisms. ON THE TOTAL NUMBERS OF SPECIES IN THE CANYONS The total numbers of species in most canyons are high, ranging from 262 in Newport canyon to only 43 in San Clemente rift valley. A break- down of these values, from north to south, and east to west, and by major systematic groups follows (the number of samples taken is given in the last column) : Mt=Monterey, H=Hueneme, Mu=Mugu, D=Dume, Mo= Santa Monica, Rzy= Redondo south wall, Rny=north wall, Ra=axis, R,;=slope, R;=fan, S=San Pedro sea valley, N=Newport, Sd=San Diego trench, J=La Jolla, Co=Coronado, Z=Santa Cruz, Ca=Cata- lina, Cl=San Clemente rift valley, and T=Tanner canyon: 98 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Total Numbers of Species Numbers Poly- Echino- Crust: , of chaetes | derms Mollusks- aceans Others Total Samples : Canyon s ry fs [ou) —_ i —_ > = 3 Cc = ° i) a Lene) wn ct — bs rary —y —_ foe} = — ry lor) ry > ry iy = ~] oO —y ou n < —_ oO ive) — =) < _ i) rear 106 ry ow —_ —y oo —_ ws > —y mal ry rary — o i] — iw) 149 iy iS Dn iy a «J oOo };}w ] & fe) (ou) —_ = ES ie e —_ — i) for) Qa ° ie | 3) sel ee QO ry) i) rary a" foo) — _ 5 QO ~J Ps ~J lop) _ ~J 1 The total numbers for mollusks and crustaceans are generally too low because these groups have been incompletely identified. No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 99 On the whole the highest values are in those canyons that were best sampled; for example, Redondo and Newport canyons are high, whereas San Clemente, Tanner, Monterey and San Diego canyons are low. It can be seen that specific diversification is almost as great in offshore, as in longshore canyons. CHARACTERISTICS OF ANIMALS IN THE SUBMARINE CANYONS Benthic animals in shelf depths or heads of canyons near shore are mainly shelf species which have their more extended distribution in depths of less than 100 meters. Many are highly ornamented with spines, lobes, elaborate branchial processes and other epithelial proces- ses. They occur in tremendous numbers and diversity, and range in size from large to small. They vary according to location and to the sediments they occupy. In deeper parts of canyons, where sediments are chiefly mud, most of the animals are burrowing or tubicolous, and soft bodied. They exist in tubes or burrows, or move freely through the sediments. A few have thin shells or fragile calcareous skeletons. Their surface structures tend to be smooth and their shape orbicular or spherical or cylindrical. Some of the typical canyon animals are illustrated in the photographs numbered Figures 17 and 18. Phylogenetic groups best represented in canyons are polychaetes, echinoid and ophiuroid echinoderms, pelecypod mollusks, solenogaster mollusks, echiuroid worms, holothurian echinoderms, enteropneusts, and some small crustaceans (amphipods, isopods). Some species are found throughout most of the canyons, in a wide range of depths; such are Chloeia pinnata, Goniada brunnea, Pectinaria californiensis, paranoids, Prionospio species and others. Other species are limited to shallowest, to median or to deepest parts of canyons. Still others are limited to outer or southernmost canyons. The replacement of shelf to slope species varies with canyon and may be partly, but not wholly. dependent on kinds of sediments. The Analyses give more precise data. It is assumed that many of the mud dwelling species are deposit feeders; others, such as nemerteans and coelenterates, are perhaps predators, and some of the pelecypods may be filter-feeders. The fecal pellets of Heteromastus filobranchus (Fig. 19) leave no doubt that this is a deposit feeder. Others of this kind are most of the polychaetes, and perhaps the echiuroids. 100 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 - é d C Fig. 17. a, ceriantharian, removed from tube; b, sipunculid, with in- trovert partly everted; c, enteropneust, showing anterior ends; d, Listriolobus pelodes, seen from the sides; e, Arhynchite sp., in lateral view, tongue missing. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 101 Fig. 18. a, Ophiura liitkeni, in oral and aboral views; b, Acila castrensis, showing 3 closed and 1 opened shell; c. Cardita ventricosa; d, Solemya panamensis; e, Compsomyax sub- diaphana; f, Molpadia intermedia. F 102 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Fig. 19. a, Heteromastus filobranchus, a capitellid polychaete, showing two anterior ends and a posterior fragment in the middle, maximum width of animals 3 to 4 mm; b, Fecal pellets of Heteromastus filobranchus, from canyon sediments, greatly enlarged. 0.25 mm maximum grain size. (Photographs prepared by Dr. Jobst Hiilsemann and Mr. Kurt Rottweiler). PHOTOGRAPHIC RESULTS Photography of areas covering the sampled bottoms was com- pleted with some success. A camera and light were mounted, one in each of the two jaws of the Campbell grab. This modification of the grab with camera, will be described in a separate report by those who designed it; they include Mr. Logan Smith of Logan Smith Associates, Harbor City, California, and Professor K. O. Emery and Dr. Robert J. Menzies, then in the Allan Hancock Foundation. I am indebted to them for permission to use these photographs and the samples accom- panying them. They are numbered 7517 to 7730 in the Station Lists, and analyzed in the Analysis, below. The area photographed was presumably the same or near that of the sample taken in the grab. There was considerable correlation, as shown by the results. It should be noted that the size of the sample NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 103 was usually considerably less than those taken by the same grab without a camera, suggesting that the bite was not as deep. The following canyons have photographic records. 1. Mugu canyon, Sta. 7521, in 850 meters, mud. The photograph (Fig. 20) shows numerous small black specks and fewer white ones, uniformly dispersed over the bottom. he Analyses showed the presence of many dead tube remains of Phyllochaetopterus limicolus and white tubes of Protis pacifica. There were no living animals. This bottom is characteristic of the subsill parts of San Pedro and Santa Monica basins. The bottom is nearly or altogether dead. The cloud of silt was stirred up by the mechanism of the camera, » fs Fig. 20. Mugu canyon, Station 7521, in 850 meters. The cloud of silt was stirred up by the camera mechanism. The small irregu- larities are projecting dead tubes of annelids, and the white fragments possibly Cyclopecten. The base line represents about 12 cm. fe oA cs - 104 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 2. Dume canyon, Sta. 7520, in 638 meters, axis, mud. The photo- graph (Fig. 21) shows a seastar, perhaps Medziaster sp., in the upper left hand corner, not taken in the sample. Brissopsids are shown by hooflike depressions, and numbered 12 in the sample recovered. The Analyses show the recovery of 22 species and 236 specimens, of which the largest were 6 brissopsids, 4 Solemya measuring up to 38 x 12 mm, and a ghost shrimp. The most numerous were Compsomyax sp. with 173 juvenile individuals and Mitrella permodesta with 8. Fig. 21. Dume canyon, Station 7520, in 638 meters. The cloud of silt was stirred up by the triggering mechanism. The upper right hand corner shows a seastar, possibly Mediaster. The hooflike depressions are made by brissopsid echinoids. The smaller holes and mounds are those of mollusks, polychaetes and other animals. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 105 3. Santa Monica canyon, Sta. 7517, in 695 meters, axis, mud and sand. The photograph (Fig. 22) shows at least 7 hooflike depressions of brissopsids (only one specimen taken) and a large dead Brisaster, measuring 40 x 32 mm, spread out at surface, in upper center (also taken), together with 12 short-armed ophiuroids (5 taken, of which only Ophiomusium and Ophiocynodes, with 3 specimens, are of this kind). The many small holes and mounds may represent the burrows of small clams and polychaete tubes. The Analyses (see below) name 37 species and 206 specimens. Largest individuals are Solemya, 40 x 15 mm and Callianassa 45 mm long without chela, most abundant are small white clams. Fig. 22. Santa Monica canyon, Station 7517, in 695 meters. The camera line follows diagonally across the left half of the picture. The large hooflike depressions are those of bris- sopsids. There are at least twelve ophiuroids and a large dead Brisaster, the latter near the upper edge of the photo- graph. The numerous holes and elevations are of smaller animals. 106 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 4. Newport canyon, Sta. 7729, in 211 meters, mud. The photo- graph (Fig. 23) shows a uniformly fine-grained mud bottom, marked with grooves and ridges of embedded animals. The Analyses show the recovery of a very large holothurian, Wolpadia intermedia (Fig. 24), and many tubes of polychaetes, especially Pista disjuncta and Nothria pallida (same Fig.). In all 46 species and 454 specimens were taken. 5. Newport canyon, Sta. 7730, in 235 meters, mud. The photo- graph (Fig. 25) shows a fairly smooth, silty bottom with few sur- face marks. The analysis (see APPENDIX) shows the recovery of 43 species and 538 specimens, of which 32 species and 513 specimens were polychaetes. Compsomyax subdiaphana and Yoldia scissurata, Fig. 23. Newport canyon, Station 7729, in 211 meters. The base line represents about 41 cm. The surface marks are those of embedded organisms. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 107 4 iT] el + WWI 8! ai 9! 61 = = = = SMR ecy eS = | Sp v2 ez 22 lz 02g ulus Ge 92 AHF 7729 Fig. 24. Largest animals from Newport canyon, Station 7729, in 211 meters, including Molpadia intermedia, at the bottom and tube fragments of Pista disjuncta and Nothria pallida, above. two clams, were largest, and polychaetes, with 169 Pectinaria, 71 Pista disjuncta, 59 Nephtys spp., were most abundant. Echinoderms and crustaceans were sparse. 6. Newport canyon, Sta. 7728, in 741 meters, mud. The photo- graph (Fig. 26) shows a granular surface; a large ophiuroid Asteronyx 108 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 2S ees Fig. 25. Newport canyon, Station 7730, in 235 meters. The surface marks are those of tubicolous annelids, especially Pista disjuncta and Nothria pallida. The two large shallow depres- sions may have been made by large clams, Compsomyax or Yoldia. loveni, and seawhip are shown at the left end; the long tube at the right is a dead tube of Phyllochaetopterus limicolus; these three are shown in detail in the next photograph (Fig. 27). The smaller ir- regularities indicate the sites of other animals; they include 43 species, of which 24 are polychaetes, 8 mollusks, 6 crustaceans, 1 an echinoderm and 4 are other animals. Specimens total 151. The most numerous are polychaetes, T’haryx and ampharetids. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS Fig. 26. Newport canyon, Station 7728, in 741 meters. The surface features include a large ophiuroid, Asteronyx loveni and a small seawhip, at the left side of the photograph, and a long, slender, dead tube of Phyllochaetopterus limicolus, at the right. The smaller surface features are those of much smaller, embedded animals. 109 110 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 AHF 7728 | = 8 r) 10 i 12 13 14 15 16 7 18 19 20 21. 3 Mie i IMM Fig. 27. The three largest animals from Newport canyon, Station 7728, Asteronyx loveni, Phyllochaetopterus limicolus tube, and seawhip, with embedded end at the top. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS ry LIST OF STATIONS R 2139. Aug. 6, 1952. 8.2 mi WSW of Point Vincente. 33°-41'-28” ; 118°-33’-38”. In 801 meters. OPG took 1.89 cuft mud. R 2148. Sept. 26, 1952. 2.2 mi WSW of Redondo Beach pier. 33°-49’-32”- 118°-25'-53”. In 298 meters. OPG took 2.8 cuft mud. R 2149. Sept. 26, 1952. 1.7 mi WSW of Redondo Beach pier. 33°-49'-54” - 118°-25’-27”. In 239 meters. OPG took 2.17 cuft mud. R 2150. Sept. 26, 1952. 7 mi WSW of Redondo Beach pier. 33°-47'-56” = 118°-31'-16”. In 575 meters. OPG took 1.38 cuft mud. R 2151. Sept. 27, 1952. 6.4 mi WSW of Redondo Beach pier. 33°-48'-06” ; 118°-30’-39”. In 542 meters. OPG took 0.5 cuft mud. R 2189. Dec. 5, 1952. 4.5 mi WSW of end of Redondo Beach pier. 33°-48'-33" ; 118°-28’-30”. In 422 meters. OPG took 1.97 cuft fine sandy mud. R 2190. Dec. 5, 1952. 2.8 mi WSW of end of Redondo Beach pier. 33°-49'-19” ; 118°-26’-38”. In 344 meters. OPG took 3.02 cuft fine sandy mud. R 2191. Dec. 5, 1952. 1.65 mi WSW of end of Redondo Beach pier. 33°-49'-42” - 118°-25’-18”. In 232 meters. OPG took 2.7 cuft fine sandy mud. R 2192. Dec. 5, 1952. 1.1 mi WSW of end of Redondo Beach pier. 33°-49'-58” = 118°-24’-40”. In 113 meters. OPG took 1.51 cuft fine sandy mud. S 2218. Feb. 27, 1953. 3 mi SW of Point Fermin light. 33°-40'-01” ; 118°-19’-59”. In 459 meters. OPG took 2.83 cuft dark green mud. S 2219. Feb. 27, 1953. 2.6 mi WSW of Point Fermin light. 33°-41'-02” ; 118°-20'-21”. In 437 meters. OPG took 2.96 cuft dark green mud. S 2317. May 19, 1953. 4.3 mi S of Point Fermin light. 33°-38'-00” ; 118°-17'-57”. In 522 meters. OPG took 2.83 cuft mud. R 2322. June 24, 1953. 4.6 mi SSW of Point Vincente light. 33°-40'-02” ; 118°-26’-03”. In 853 meters. OPG took 2.77 cuft fine mud. S 2336. June 25, 1953. 4.6 mi SSW of Point Fermin light. 33°-38'-09” ; 118°-19’-52”. In 666 meters. OPG took 2.83 cuft green mud. R 2358. July 8, 1953. 3.4 mi WNW of Point Vincente light. 33°-46'-12” ; 118°-28’-04”. In 125 fathoms. OPG took 2.89 cuft light clay. R 2359. July 8, 1953. 3.2 mi SW of Redondo Beach, end of pier. 33°-48’-00” ; 118°-26'-03”. In 57 meters. OPG took 0.63 cuft sandy clay. R 2361. July 8, 1953. 6.4 mi WSW of Redondo Beach, end of pier. 33°-47'-03” : 118°-30’-07”. In 310 meters. OPG took 1.44 cuft sandy mud. R 2362. July 8, 1953. 6.3 mi WNW of Point Vincente light. 33°-46'-02” ; 118°-31'-52”. In 652 meters. OPG took 2.83 cuft fine mud. R 2363. July 8, 1953. 5.3 mi WSW of Point Vincente light. 33°-41'-55” = 118°-30’-06”. In 652 meters. OPG took 2.77 cuft fine mud. R 2403. Sept. 16, 1953. 2.8 mi W of Point Vincente light. 33°-44’-08”: 118°-28’-00”. In 741 meters. OPG took 3.15 cuft green mud. R 2404. Sept. 16, 1953. 3.75 mi SW of Point Vincente light. 33°-41’-58” : 118°-28’-00”. In 810 meters. OPG took 1.07 cuft gray sandy mud. R 2405. Sept. 16, 1953. 5.35 mi SSW of Point Vincente light. 33°-40'-00” ; 118°-28’-00”. In 846 meters. OPG took 2.26 cuft sandy mud. R 2419. Sept. 29, 1953. 2.8 mi SSW of Point Vincente light. 33°-42'-00” ; 118°-26’-03”. In 808 meters. OPG took 3.71 cuft fine mud. R 2420. Sept. 29, 1953. 6.35 mi SW of Point Vincente light. 33°-40'-00” ; 118°-30’-04”. In 848 meters. OPG took 3.15 cuft green mud. R 2432. Oct. 10, 1953. 7.6 mi SW of Point Vincente light. 33°-40'-02” ; 118°-32'-01”. In 834 meters. OPG took 3.59 cuft silty mud. R 2474. Oct. 28, 1953. 8.1 mi W of Point Vincente light. a STR 33°-46'-03” : 118°-34’-08”. In 751 meters. OPG took 3.9 cuft fine mud. vA be ah Sy AZ ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 “= R 2475. Oct. 28, 1953. 6.2 mi W of Point Vincente light. 33°-44'-02” ; 118°-32’-03”. In 686 meters. OPG took 3.21 cuft dark mud. R 2476. Oct. 28, 1953. 4.5 mi W of Point Vincente light. 33°-44'-00"; 118°-29’-59”. In 715 meters. OPG took 0.95 cuft black mud, sand, and wood fragments. R 2619. Apr. 7, 1954. 6.7 mi WSW of Point Vincente light. 33°-42'-02” ; 118°-32’-01”. In 800 meters. OPG took 3.15 cuft gray-green mud. R 2620. Apr. 7, 1954. 7.8 mi W of Point Vincente light. 33°-44'-02” ; 118°-33’-59”. In 774 meters. OPG took 2.2 cuft gray-green mud. R 2723, May 8, 1954. 4.8 mi WNW of Point Vincente light. 33°-46'-00”; 118°-30'-00”. In 602 meters. OPG took 3.4 cuft fine mud. R 2725. May 8, 1954. 4.1 mi NNW of Palos Verdes Point. 33°-50'-00”; 118°-28’-00”. In 107 meters. OPG took 1.13 cuft coarse green mud. 2726. May 8, 1954. 5.1 mi NW of Palos Verdes Point. 33°-50'-00” ; 118°-30’-00”. In 130 meters. OPG took 2.77 cuft green mud. R R 2727. May 8, 1954. 6.4 mi NW of Palos Verdes Point. 33°-50'-00” ; 118°-32'-00”. In 122 meters. OPG took 1.76 cuft green mud. R 2729. May 8, 1954. 9.5 mi W of Point Vincente light. 33°-45'-59”- 118°-35’-50”. In 825 meters. OPG took 3.4 cuft green mud. R 2789. May 22, 1954. 7.8 mi WNW of Palos Verdes Point. 33°-49'-59”- 118°-34'-05”. In 167 meters. OPG took 1.7 cuft sandy blue-gray mud. R 2790. May 22, 1954. 9.3 mi WNW of Palos Verdes Point. 33°-49'-58” - 118°-36'-00”. In 334 meters. OPG took 2.33 cuft blue-gray mud. R 2791. May 22, 1954. 8.8 mi WNW of Palos Verdes Point. 33°-48'-00” : 118°-36’-03”. In 769 meters. OPG took 3.08 cuft blue-gray mud. R 2792. May 22, 1954. 7.2 mi WNW of Palos Verdes Point. 33°-47'-59" = 118°-33/-59”. In 556 meters. OPG took 2.77 cuft blue-gray mud. R 2793. May 22, 1954. 5.5 mi WNW of Palos Verdes Point. 33°-48’-00”; 118°-32’-00”. In 465 meters. OPG took 0.95 cuft blue-gray mud, some large rocks. R 2794. May 22, 1954. 9.6 mi W of Palos Verdes Point. 33°-44’-02” ; 118°-36’-00”. In 796 meters. OPG took 3.4 cuft blue-gray mud. Ca 2847. June 23, 1954. West of Santa Catalina Island. 33°-22'-30”"; 118°-36’-38”. In 914 meters. Campbell grab took 2.58 cuft sandy gray-green mud. D 2965. October 30, 1954. In Santa Monica Bay. 33°-54’-23”; 118°-54’-11”. In 905 meters. Campbell grab took 3.3 cuft gray- green mud. Mo 2999. February 6, 1955. 11.2 mi SW of Santa Monica pier. 33°-53’-11”; 118°-40’-00”. In 454 meters. OPG took 2.83 cuft gray-green mud. Mo 3000. February 6, 1955. 8.2 mi SW of Santa Monica pier light. 33°-55’-12" 118°-37'-30". In 268 meters. OPG took 2.2 cuft sticky shelly debris, dark gray clay. R 3163. June 25, 1955. 1.1 mi WSW of end of Redondo Beach pier. 33°-49’-53”- 118°-24’-39”. In 111 meters. OPG took only a very small sample from wall of canyon, gray mud stone. R 3164. June 25, 1955. 1.05 mi WSW from Redondo Beach pier. 33°-49'-52”- 118°-24'-37”. In 148 meters. OPG took 2.83 cuft black mud. R 3166. June 25, 1955. 5.5 mi WSW from Redondo Beach pier. 33°-49'-15”- 118°-27'-14”. In 363 meters. OPG took 2.52 cuft green mud. R 3167. June 25, 1955. 6.1 mi WSW from Redondo Beach pier. 33°-48'-16”; 118°-29’-38”. In 519 meters. OPG took 1.95 cuft green mud. R 3168. June 25, 1955. 7.7 mi WSW from Redondo Beach pier. 33°-47'-40” - 118°-32’-10”. In 554 meters. OPG took 2.08 cuft green mud. NOe2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 113 R 3169. June 25, 1955. 9.4 mi WSW from Redondo Beach pier. 33°-46'-33”; 118°-33'-42”. In 706 meters. OPG took 1.95 cuft green mud. Mo 3176. July 5, 1955. 9.75 mi SE of Point Dume. 33°-51'-58”: 118°-41’-57”. In 612 meters. OPG took 1.95 cuft green mud with sand, shaley debris and sponge. Mo 3177. July 5, 1955. 8.75 mi SE of Point Dume. 33°-53'-26”: 118°-41’-36”. In 542 meters. OPG took 2.14 cuft green mud. Mo 3178. July 5, 1955. 9.1 mi SE of Point Dume. 33°-54'-38”- 118°-39'-48”. In 431 meters. OPG took 2.33 cuft green-gray sticky mud. Mo 3179. July 5, 1955. 8.2 mi WSW from Santa Monica pier light. 33°-55'-39”- 118°-38'-00”. In 362 meters. OPG took 2.01 cuft green-gray mud with H.S. Mo 3180. July 5, 1955. 7.1 mi SW from Santa Monica pier light. 33°-55’-30”- 118°-35'-55”. In 330 meters. OPG took 1.7 cuft green mud and silt; shale, pebbles, sticky green mud, rubble. R 3385. Aug. 23, 1955. 7.4 mi SW of El Segundo pier. 33°-50'-00” ; 118°-32’-23”. In 120 meters. OPG took 1.78 cuft fine sandy mud. Mo 3399. Aug. 25, 1955. 11.7 mi WSW of El Segundo pier. 33°-52'-08”; 118°-39'-15”. In 463 meters. OPG took 2.58 cuft fine green sticky mud. H 4846. Feb. 7, 1957. 1.8 mi 213.5° T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-07'-15”; 119°-13'-45”. In 209 meters. OPG took 3.15 cuft dark olive green silt. Mu 4851. Feb. 7, 1957. 7.75 mi 134° T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-03'-30”: 119°-05’-55”. In 171 meters. OPG took 2.58 cuft fine olive green silty sand. Mu 4852. Feb. 7, 1957. 6.4 mi 122° T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-05/-15”; 119°-05’-45”. In 15 meters. OPG took .88 cuft fine green sand in 2 lowerings. N 5006. Apr. 23, 1957. 2.8 mi 285° T from Newport jetty light. 33°-36'-10”; 117°-56’-00”. In 37 meters. OPG took 2.52 cuft fine black silty sand. D 5046. Apr. 25, 1957. 0.9 mi 176° T from Point Dume. 33°-59'-10”; 118°-48’-15”. In 398 meters. OPG took 3.15 cuft green sandy silt. H 5114. June 6, 1957. 1.1 mi 218° T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-08'-00”; 119°-13’-20”. In 165 meters. OPG took 1.51 cuft gray medium sand. H 5115. June 6, 1957. 3.55 mi 202° T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-05'-30”; 119°-14’-10”. In 373 meters. OPG took 2.39 cuft green and black silty sand, moderately sticky. N 5250. Sept. 16, 1957. 2.8 mi 288° T from Newport jetty light. 33°-36'-14”- 117°-55’-54”. In 37 meters. OPG took 2.20 cuft black silt, slight H.S. N 5367. Nov. 5, 1957. 33°-35'-46”: 117°-55’-57”. In 97 meters. OPG took 3.15 cuft fine gray-green silty sand. D 5505. Dec. 17, 1957. 1 mi from Point Dume. 33°-59'-15” 118°-48'-15”. In 374 meters. OPG took 3.18 cuft fine gray-green silty sand. H 5531. Dec. 18, 1957. 1.1 mi 216° T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-08'-00”; 119°-13'-15”. In 177 meters. OPG took 1.32 cuft green to black medium sand. H 5532. Dec. 18, 1957. 3.7 mi 203° T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-05'-25”- 119°-14/-10”. In 376 meters. OPG took 1.95 cuft olive green silty sand, mud. 114 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 S 5639. Mar. 2, 1958. In San Pedro Sea Valley. 33°-37'-54”: 118°-18'-50”. In 461 meters. OPG took 0.7 cuft green mud, tar smell; many waxy lumps. N 5661. Mar. 20, 1958. 2.65 mi 216.5° T from Newport jetty light. 33°-35'-35”; 117°-55’-58”. In 140 meters. OPG took 3.40 cuft black and dark green silty very coarse sand. D 5674. Apr. 5, 1958. 1.85 mi 180.5° T from Point Dume. 33°-58'-17”; 118°-48'-27”. In 507 meters. OPG took 2.36 cuft green sandy mud. D 5676. Apr. 5, 1958. 2.8 mi 195° T from Point Dume. 33°-57'-22”: 118°-49’-15”. In 652 meters. OPG took 3.30 cuft green sandy mud. H 5686. Apr. 16, 1958. 3.7 mi 203° T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-05'-35”; 119°-14’-10”. In 374 meters. OPG took 0.18 cuft coarse sand covy- ered with layer of fine brown silt. H 5688. Apr. 16, 1958. 1.1 mi 222.5° T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-08’-00”; 119°-13'-18”. In 183 meters. OPG took 1.76 cuft dark gray silty sand with cover of brown silt. R 5960. Nov. 22, 1958. 8.45 mi 230.5° T from Hyperion Stack. 33°-50'-18”; 118°-33’-50”. In 146 meters. OPG took 1.26 cuft dark olive green fine sand. Mt 6490. Oct. 3, 1959. 9.1 mi 255° T from Moss Landing harbor light. 36°-45’-52”- 121°-58’-45”. In 906 meters. Campbell grab took 0.95 cuft mud, sand with some silt. Mt 6494. Oct. 3, 1959. 7.1 mi 258.5° T from Moss Landing harbor light. 36°-46'-58”- 121°-55’-56”. In 750 meters. Campbell grab took 0.95 cuft coarse gray sand. Mt 6497. Oct. 3, 1959. 5.25 mi 261.5° T from Moss Landing harbor light. 36°-47'-38"; 121°-53’-43”. In 410 meters. Campbell grab took 2.58 cuft olive green silt. Mt 6498. Oct. 3, 1959. 3.1 mi 257°T from Moss Landing harbor light. 36°-47'-42”; 121°-51’-00”. In 260 meters. Campbell grab took 2.52 cuft black- gray silt. Mt 6499. Oct. 3, 1959. 1.3 mi 251.5°T from Moss Landing harbor light. 36°-47'-57”; 121°-48’-47”. In 168 meters. Campbell grab took 2.20 cuft dark gray silt. S 6501. Oct. 18, 1959. 2.8 mi 165°T from Point Fermin light. 33°-39'-34” ; 118°-16'-47”. In 319 meters. Campbell grab took 4.30 cuft gray- green mud. : S 6502. Oct. 18, 1959. 3.4 mi 175°T from Point Fermin light. 33°-38'-48”; 118°-17'-15”. In 547 meters. Campbell grab took 5.74 cuft gray- green mud. S 6503. Oct. 18, 1959. 3.3 mi 197°T from Point Fermin light. 33°-38'-36”; 118°-18'-58”. In 661 meters. Campbell grab took “large sample” gray-green mud. R 6774. Dec. 19, 1959. 5.85 mi 275°T from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-47'-04” ; 118°-32’-50”. In 660 meters. Campbell grab took 7.5 cuft sticky green mud. R 6775. Dec. 19, 1959. 7.2 mi 271° T from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-46'-32” ; 118°-34’-15”. In 786 meters. Campbell grab took “Large sample’’ sticky green mud. Mo 6776. Dec. 19, 1959. 13.2 mi 279.5°T from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-48’-30”; 118°-41’-20”. In 873 meters. Campbell grab took 5.74 cuft green mud underlain by gray, dark gray and finally black mud. Mo 6777. Dec. 19, 1959. 14.95 mi 290°T from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-51'-25”; 118°-42’-30”. In 810 meters. Campbell grab took 5.09 cuft green mud. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS PLS Mo 6778. Dec. 19, 1959. 15.5 mi 298.5°T from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-53'-53”; 118°-41’-55”. In 583 meters. Campbell grab took 4.80 cuft green silty clay. Mo 6779. Dec. 19, 1959. 8.75 mi 235°T from Santa Monica pier light. 33°-55'-29”- 118°-38'-32”. In 475 meters. Campbell grab took 4.59 cuft green silt with clay and sand and coarse sand, partly gray. Mo 6780. Dec. 20, 1959. 5.45 mi 211.5°T from Santa Monica pier light. 33°-55'-47”: 118°-33’-20”. In 183 meters. Campbell grab took 2.58 cuft dark- gray-black mud and green silty sand and mud. Mo 6781. Dec. 20, 1959. 5.15 mi 208.5°T from Santa Monica pier light. 33°-55’-58”- 118°-32’-52”. In 116 meters. Campbell grab took 0.57 cuft sand and dark-gray-black, green silt. Z 6803. Dec. 22, 1959. 2.4 mi 248°T from Kinton Point, Santa Cruz Isl. 33°-59'-32” 119°-55’-55”. In 89 meters. Campbell grab took 0.26 cuft coarse shell sand. Z 6804. Dec. 22, 1959. 1.05 mi 237°T from Gull Isl., Santa Cruz Channel. 33°-56'-25”; 119°-50’-32”. In 459 meters. Campbell grab took 1.14 cuft coarse brown shell sand. Z 6805. Dec. 22, 1959. 2.3 mi 246.5°T from Gull Isl., Santa Cruz Channel. 33°-56'-03”; 119°-52’-03”. In 218 meters. Campbell grab took 3.59 cuft rocks and some green sand. Z 6806. Dec. 22, 1959. 2.45 mi 249.5°T from Gull Isl., Santa Cruz Channel. 33°-56'-06”; 118°-52’-17”. In 221 meters. Campbell grab took 7.18 cuft rocks and green coarse sand. Z 6808. Dec. 22, 1959. 3.05 mi 144.5°T from Gull Isl., Santa Cruz Channel. 33°-54'-30”; 119°-47’-22”. In 902 meters. Campbell grab took 4.80 cuft green sandy mud. ‘ Z 6809. Dec. 22, 1959. 3.5 mi 132.5°T from Gull Isl., Santa Cruz Channel. 33°-54'-39” = 119°-46’-24”. In 623 meters. Campbell grab took 1.43 cuft gravel, round pebbles, brown-green mud. Z 6810. Dec. 22, 1959. 5.15 mi 140°T from Gull Isl., Santa Cruz Channel. 33°-53'-00” ; 119°-45’-32”. In 1387 meters. Campbell grab took 5.74 cuft green mud with sand layer and gravel. Z 6811. Dec. 22, 1959. 6.85 mi 145.5°T from Gull Isl., Santa Cruz Channel. 33°-51'-20”; 119°-44’-53”. In 1624 meters. Campbell grab took 4.16 cuft olive green mud. Z 6812. Dec. 22, 1959. 4.2 mi 130.5°T from Gull Isl., Santa Cruz Channel. 33°-54'-17”: 119°-45'-42”. In 676 meters. Campbell grab took 4.16 cuft olive green mud. R 6815. Jan. 20, 1960. 2.95 mi 340°T from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-49'-14” - 118°-26'-54”. In 282 meters. Campbell grab took unknown volume gray mud. R 6816. Jan. 20, 1960. 3 mi 337°T from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-49'-13”; 118°-27’-04”. In 378 meters. Campbell grab took 5.31 cuft dark gray to black mud. R 6817. Jan. 20, 1960. 2.75 mi 299° T from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-47'-50”; 118°-28’-32”. In 76 meters. Campbell grab took unknown volume gray-green sand, some gravel. Ca 6818. Jan. 27, 1960. 2.35 mi 183.5°T from Catalina Head. 33°-22'-53”: 118°-30'-57”. In 362 meters. Campbell grab took 2.87 cuft green mud and little coarse sand. Ca 6819. Jan. 27, 1960. 2.35 mi 186.5°T from Catalina Head. 33°-22'-54: 118°-31'-07”. In 379 meters. Campbell grab took 3.66 cuft green mud. Ca 6820. Jan. 27, 1960. 2.35 mi 208.5°T from Catalina Head. 33°-23’-11”; 118°-32’-11”. In 559 meters. Campbell grab took 4.16 cuft green mud. 116 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Ca 6821. Jan. 27, 1960. 1.75 mi 211.5°T from Catalina Head. 33°-23'-46": 118°-31'-57”. In 266 meters. Campbell grab took 2.72 cuft green mud. Ca 6822. Jan. 27, 1960. 1.15 mi 163.5°T from Catalina Head. 33°-23'-10”; 118°-30'-01”. In 216 meters. Campbell grab took 3.94 cuft gray clayey mud. Ca 6823. Jan. 27, 1960. 2.25 mi 156.5°T from Catalina Head, Santa Catalina Isl. 33°-23'-10”; 118°-29’-38”. In 94 meters. Campbell grab took unknown volume gray clayey mud. Ca 6828. Jan. 28, 1960. 6.7 mi 215.5°T from Ribbon Rock. 33°-20'-30”; 118°-39'-05”. In 1272 meters. Campbell grab took 5.45 cuft green mud. Ca 6829. Jan. 28, 1960. 3.65 mi 204°T from Ribbon Rock. 33°-22'-47”- 118°-36'-10”. In 853 meters. Campbell grab took 4 pint muddy sandstone. Ca 6830. Jan. 28, 1960. 3.35 mi 176°T from Ribbon Rock. 33°-22'-58”: 118°-34'-00”. In 708 meters. Campbell grab took 1 pint green sandy mud and shale. Ca 6831. Jan. 28, 1960. 2.25 mi 183.5°T from Ribbon Rock. 33°-23'-57”: 118°-34'-25”. In 549 meters. Campbell grab took 5.52 cuft green mud. T 6832. Jan. 29, 1960. 28.9 mi 236°T from China Point light. 32°-33'-36”; 118°-55’-40”. In 1298 meters. Campbell grab took 2.72 cuft green mud. T 6833. Jan. 29, 1960. 29.6 mi 250°T from China Point light. 32°-37'-54” 118°-58’-40”. In 813 meters. Campbell grab took 0.34 cuft green muddy sand. T 6834. Jan. 29, 1960. 31.5 mi 254°T from China Point light. 32°-39'-24”; 119°-01'-24”. In 603 meters. Campbell grab took 2.44 cuft green sandy mud. T 6835. fan. 29, 1960. 36.7 mi 253°T from China Point light. 32°-37'-061”; 119°-07-15”. In 298 meters. Campbell grab took 1.64 cuft coarse shell sand. T 6836. Jan. 29, 1960. 35.3 mi 249°T from China Point light. 32°-36'-00”; 119°-05’-18”. In 496 meters. Campbell grab took 0.14 cuft green muddy sand with shale fragments. T 6837. Jan. 29, 1960. 34.1 mi 246°T from China Point light. 32°-34'-36”; 119°-02'-48”. In 644 meters. Campbell grab took 2.65 cuft green muddy fine sand. Cl 6838. Jan. 30, 1960. 2.9 mi 112°T from Pyramid Head light. 32°-48'-10”; 118°-17’-50”. In 950 meters. Campbell grab took 1% gal. rocks, phosphorite, green sand. Cl 6839. Jan. 30, 1960. 5.05 mi 123.5°T from Pyramid Head light. 32°-46'-30" ; 118°-15’-43”. In 1406 meters. Campbell grab took 0.26 cuft green sand with rock and phosphorite. Cl 6840. Jan. 30, 1960. 7.95 mi 123°T from Pyramid Head light. ay asa 118°-12'-45”. In 1620 meters. Campbell grab took small sample containing manganese nodules. Cl 6841. Jan. 30, 1960. 8.2 mi 123°T from Pyramid Head light. 32°-44'-29”; 118°-12’-30”. In 1591 meters. Campbell grab took small sample green mud, gravel. Co 6842. Jan. 31, 1960. 5 mi 223°T from North Coronado Island. 32°-22'-50”; 117°-22’-12”. In 1265 meters. Campbell grab took 5.23 cuft green silty mud. Co 6844. Jan. 31, 1960. 3.6 mi 278.5°T from North Coronado Island. 32°-27'-00” ; 118°-22’-18”. In 1105 meters. Campbell grab took 4.66 cuft green mud plus layer of clean sand, some gravel. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS aby Co 6845. Feb. 1, 1960. 3.7 mi 013°T from North Coronado Island. 32°-30'-16"; 117°-16'-50”. In 177 meters. Campbell grab took 2.44 cuft green muddy sand. Co 6846. Feb. 1, 1960. 3.85 mi 024°T from North Coronado Island. 32°-30'-15” ; 117°-16’-04”. In 123 meters. Campbell grab took 0.71 cuft green muddy sand and gray sand. Co 6849. Feb. 1, 1960. 3.95 mi 353.5°T from North Coronado Island. 32°-30'-58”; 117°-17'-34”. In 344 meters. Campbell grab took 5.74 cuft green mud, gray mud with H.2S smell. Co 6850. Feb. 1, 1960. 4.75 mi 306°T from North Coronado Island. 32°-29'-48” ; 117°-22’-58”. In 960 meters. Campbell grab took 3.87 cuft green mud. Co 6851. Feb. 1, 1960. 4.65 mi 322.5°T from North Coronado Island. 32°-30'-42”; 117°-21'-37”. In 812 meters. Campbell grab took 5.52 cuft green mud. Co 6852. Feb. 1, 1960. 4.7 mi 357°T from North Coronado Island. 32°-31' -20" : 117°-20'-12”. In 566 meters. Campbell grab took sample of green sandy mud. S 6854. Feb. 13, 1960. 2.55 mi 159.5°T from Point Fermin light. 33°-39' -45"": 118°-16’-28”. In 187 meters. Campbell grab took 5.74 cuft sticky dark gray mud. S 6861. Feb. 14, 1960. 4 mi 211°T from Point Fermin light. 33°-38'-40”; 118°-20’-10”. In 716 meters. Campbell grab took 5.74 cuft green oily- smelling mud. H 6896. Mar. 11, 1960. 1.7 mi 032°T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-07' “18”: 119°-13’-43”. In 271 meters. Campbell grab took 2.29 cuft gray coarse sand, gray mud. H 6897. Mar. 11, 1960. 2.55 mi 020.5°T from Port Hueneme light. 34°-06' -14”: 119°-13'-44”. In 338 meters. Campbell grab took 2.29 cuft gray sand and mud, 2 large pieces of tar. H 6898. Mar. 11, 1960. 3.7 mi 018.5°T from Port Huereme light. 34°-05’ -00": 119°-13’-55”. In 373 meters. Campbell grab took 5.16 cuft dark gray mud, partly sticky; some H.S. H 6899. March 11, 1960. 4.8 mi from Port Hueneme light. 34°-03'-55"; 119°- 14’-28”. In 456 meters. Campbell grab took 2.15 cuft gray muddy sand, mud, pebbles, grav el, some Miocene shaley limestone. H 6900. March 11, 1960. 5.75 mi from Port Hueneme light. 34°-03’-00”; 119°-14’-28”. In 478 meters. Campbell grab took 5.02 cuft green mud, gray silty sand. H 6901. March 11, 1960. 5.2 mi from Anacapa Island light. 34°-01'-00” ; 119° -15’-00”. In 621 meters. Campbell grab took 3.65 cuft gray sand. Mu 6902. March 11, 1960. 1.45 mi from Point Mugu. 34°-05'-20” ; 119°-05’-22”. In 119 meters. Campbell grab took 1.07 cuft dark gray coarse sand, pebbles and gravel. Mu 6903. March 11, 1960. 2.15 mi from Point Mugu. 34°-04’-42” ; 119° -06’-12”. In 352 meters. Campbell grab took 1.07 cuft gray sand, gray sticky mud, black mud. Mu 6904. March 11, 1960. 1.95 mi from Point Mugu. 34°-03'-45”; 119° -05 -12”. In 475 meters. Campbell grab took one quart gray sand, some gravel. H 6905. March 12, 1960. 0.55 mi from Port Hueneme breakwater light. 34°-08'-30” ; 119° -13’-00”. In 98 meters. Campbell grab took 1.29 cuft gray coarse sand. Mu 6909. March 12, 1960. 3.25 mi from Point Mugu. 34°-01'-50”; 119°-02’-30”. In 352 meters. Campbell grab took 2 gallons gray sticky mud, green muddy silt, some gravel. 118 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Mu 6910. March 12, 1960. 3.1 mi from Point Mugu. 34°-02'-13”; 119°-05’-05”. In 548 meters. Campbell grab took 5.74 cuft green and gray mud. Mu 6911. March 12, 1960. 4.2 mi from Point Mugu. 34°-01'-00” ; 119°-05'-35”. In 644 meters. Campbell grab took 2.44 cuft green muddy silt. Mu 6912. March 12, 1960. 5.5 mi from Point Mugu. 33°-59'-20”: 119°-04’-23”. In 721 meters. Campbell grab took 5.16 cuft gray mud, green mud, gray muddy silt, sandy silt. Mu 6913. March 12, 1960. 6.5 mi from Point Mugu. 33°-58’-30"; 119°-01'-44”. In 792 meters. Campbell grab took 5.74 cuft green mud. D 6915. March 13, 1960. 0.65 mi from Point Dume. 33°-59'-25”: 118°-48’-40”. In 299 meters. Campbell grab took 4.38 cuft dark gray mud. D 6916. March 13, 1960. 1.6 mi from Point Dume. 33°-58/-30"; 118°-48’-15”. In 530 meters. Campbell grab took 5.31 cuft green mud. D 6917. March 13, 1960. 2.85 mi from Point Dume. 33°-57'-12"; 118°-49’-00”. In 711 meters. Campbell grab took 5.88 cuft green mud. D 6918. March 13, 1960. 4.0 mi from Point Dume. 33°-56'-25”: 118°-50'-48”. In 741 meters. Campbell grab took 4.8 cuft green mud. N 7028. May 5, 1960. 2.1 mi from base of Newport pier. 33°-34’-13": 117°-55’-28”. In 272 meters. Campbell grab took 0.57 cuft gray sandy silt. N 7029. May 5, 1960. 1.3 mi from base of Newport pier. 33°-35'-05"; 117°-55'-45”. In 170 meters. Campbell grab took 5.38 cuft gray silt. N 7030. May 5, 1960. 0.7 mi from base of Newport pier. 33°-35'-43”: 117°-55’-54”. In 85 meters. Campbell grab took 5.38 cuft gray sandy mud. N 7031. May 5, 1960. 0.2 mi from base of Newport pier. 33°-36'-24”: 117°-55’-54”. In 16 meters. Campbell grab took 2.51 cuft gray and green sandy silt, sand and some gravel. N 7032. May 5, 1960. 4.75 mi from base of Newport pier. 33°-31/-28”: 117°-54'-58”. In 478 meters. Campbell grab took 1.14 cuft green mud and gray sand, partly very coarse sand. J 7038. May 6, 1960. 1.6 mi from Point La Jolla. 32°-52'-48”; 117°-16’-32”. In 121 meters. Campbell grab took 3.94 cuft green- gray muddy silt and black mud. J 7039. May 6, 1960. 2.0 mi from Point La Jolla. 32°-53’-12” 117°-17'-00”. In 371 meters. Campbell grab took 0.26 cuft gray silt and sand. J 7040. May 6, 1960. 6.8 mi from Point La Jolla. 32°-54'-42”: 117°-23'-38”. In 637 meters. Campbell grab took 3.3 cuft clean dark gray sand, a little muddy sand. J 7041. May 6, 1960. 6.35 mi from Point La Jolla. Se co 117°-23’-30”. In 545 meters. Campbell grab took 5.59 cuft green mud. J 7043. May 7, 1960. 0.45 mi from Point La Jolla. 32°-51'-23”: 117°-15’-55”. In 135 meters. Campbell grab took 1.0 cuft gray, partly coarse sand and some pebbles. J 7044. May 7, 1960. 1.4 mi from Point La Jolla. 32°-52'-21"”; 117°-15'-27”. In 79 meters. Campbell grab took 2.58 cuft gray muddy sand. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 119 J 7045. May 7, 1960. 0.95 mi from Point La Jolla. 32°-52’ -06": 117°-16'-24”. In 274 meters. Campbell grab took 0.49 cuft gray sand. J 7046. May 7, 1960. 4.0 mi from Point La Jolla. 32°-54’ “18”: 117°-19’-44”. In 517 meters. Campbell grab took 1.21 cuft gray sand, green mud. J 7047. May 7, 1960. 10.8 mi from Point La Jolla. 32°-54’ -21": 117°-29'-53”. In 793 meters. Campbell grab took 1.07 cuft green silty mud, with sand. J 7048. May 7, 1960. 10.2 mi from Point La Jolla. 525-52, -43" 117°-29’-11”. In 708 meters. Campbell grab took 5.74 cuft green mud. J 7049. May 7, 1960. 14.85 mi from Point La Jolla. 32°.49' -37" » 117°-35’-12”. In 976 meters. Campbell grab took 2.51 cuft gray sand and green mud. N 7050. May 8, 1960. 6.8 mi from Abalone Point. 33°-26'-27”- 117°-52’-00”. In 642 meters. Campbell grab took 0.64 cuft gray sand, some green mud. N 7051. May 8, 1960. 4.95 mi from Abalone Point. 33°-29'-36"- 117°-53'-44”. In 553 meters. Campbell grab took 0.49 cuft clean gray sand under an inch of green mud. N 7052. May 8, 1960. 5.0 mi from base of Newport pier. 33°-31'-10”; 117°-56’-08”. In 420 meters. Campbell grab took 3.59 cuft green mud and gravel. N 7053. May 8, 1960. 3.5 mi from base of Newport pier. 33°-32'-45”- 117°-55’-22”. In 396 meters. Campbell grab took 0.42 cuft gray sand, some green mud. N 7054. May 8, 1960. 1.95 mi from base of Newport pier. 33°-34' 23": 117°-55'-48”. In 178 meters. Campbell grab took 3.73 cuft gray- green mud, gray sticky clay, some gravel. N 7055. May 8, 1960. 0.6 mi from base of Newport pier. 33°-35' 53" 117°-56'-02”. In 76 meters. Campbell grab took 2.29 cuft dark gray sandy mud. S) 71155. Sept. 29, 1960. 4.2 mi from Pt. Fermin light. 33°-38'- -08" : 118°-18’-20”. In 468 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume of mud. S 7160. Oct. 8, 1960. 3.1 mi from Pt. Fermin light. 33°-39'-14”: 118°-16’-54”. In 406 meters. Campbell grab took 4.8 cuft green sand and mud. S 7174. Oct. 9, 1960. 3.8 mi from Pt. Fermin light. 33°-38' 36": 118°-16'-16”. In 221 meters. Campbell grab took full sample of mud. S 7175. Oct. 9, 1962. 2.45 mi 186°T from Point Fermin light. Biol. Dredge. Start 33°-39'-34” ; 118°-18'-12”, finish 33°-40'-06” ; NS 173240 In 200-572 m. green mud. R 7284. Feb. 9, 1961. 1.0 mi from Redondo Beach pier. 33°-49-53”- 118°-24’-31”. In 137 meters. Campbell grab took 3.59 cuft black mud. R 7285. Feb. 9, 1961. 3.4 mi from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-49'-52”; 118°-25’-38”. In 246 meters. Campbell grab took 5.59 cuft black mud. R 7286. Feb. 9, 1961. 3.1 mi from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-49'-22”: 118°-26'-54”. In 378 meters. Campbell grab took 2.5 cuft gray- green mud and clean gray sand. 120 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 R 7287. Feb. 9, 1961. 3.0 mi from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-48'-45” = 118°-27'-53”. In 431 meters. Campbell grab took 4.73 cuft gray- green mud and clean sand. R 7288. Feb. 9, 1961. 3.6 mi from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-48/-29”: 118°-29’-14”. In 503 meters. Campbell grab took 3.01 cuft gray- green mud and clean gray sand. R 7289. Feb. 9, 1961. 4.5 mi from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-48'-14”; 118°-30'-50”. In 560 meters. Campbell grab took 2.29 cuft green mud and very coarse sand. R 7290. Feb. 9, 1961. 5.35 mi from Palos Verdes Point. 33°-27'-35”; 118°-26'-58”. In 611 meters. Campbell grab took 4.3 cuft green mud. SD 7395. Aug. 22, 1961. 14.7 mi from Dana Point. 33°-13'-55”; 117°-48’-30”. In 846 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume green mud. SD 7396. Aug. 22, 1961. 14.8 mi from Dana Point. 33°-13'-15”; 117°-46'-25”. In 840 meters. Campbell grab took unknown volume sand and green mud. SD 7399, Aug. 22, 1961. 14.45 mi from Dana Point. 33°-13'-10"; 117°-44'-02”. In 844 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume sand and green mud. SD 7402. Aug. 23, 1961. 6.7 mi from Dana Point. 33°-21'-40”; 117°-46'-15”. In 768 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume sand. SD 7403. Aug. 23, 1961. 7.55 mi from Dana Point. 33°-21'-22”: 117°-47’-50”. In 734 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume green mud, small amount sand. SD 7404. Aug. 23, 1961. 8.5 mi from Dana Point. 33°-20'-47”; 117°-48’-55”. In 686 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume green mud. S 7498. Dec. 17, 1961. 9.5 mi 024°T from Long Point, Santa Catalina Island. 33°-33'-03”; 118°-17'-16”. In 740 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume green mud. Mo 7517. Jan. 16, 1962. 9.5 mi 147°T from Point Dume. 33°-52'-15”; 118°-42’-00”. In 680-++ meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume green mud and sand. D 7520. Jan. 16, 1962. 2.25 mi 186°T from Point Dume buoy. 33°-57’-20"; 118°-48’-35”. In 622 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume green mud with H.S. Mu 7521. Jan. 16, 1962. 9.5 mi 235°T from Point Dume. 33°-57'-16"; 118°-59'-25”. In 914 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume green mud. E7523" Jan. 17, 1962. 6.9 mi 058.5°T from Anacapa Island light. 34°-04'-31”; 119°-14’-35”. In 470 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume gray-green mud. N 7728. April 10, 1962. 7.3 mi 192.5°T from Dana Point. 33°-20'-30"; 117°-44’-52”. In 786 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume green mud. N 7729. April 11, 1962. 1.4 mi 176.5°T from base of Newport Beach pier. 33°-35°-02”; 117°55’-43”. In 216 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume gray mud. N 7730. April 11, 1962. 1.55 mi 176.5°T from base of Newport Beach pier. 33°-34'-54”; 117°-55'-33”. In 236 meters. Campbell grab took unknown vol- ume coarse gray sand and gray mud. NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 121 ANALYSES Analyses of samples from Station numbers, arranged from long- shore, north, Monterey, to south, Coronado, and from offshore, Santa Cruz to Tanner canyons. Each station is indicated with depth in meters, kind of sediment, gear used to recover the sample, volume of sample in cuft (shipboard measurement), and weight of macroscopic animals in grams (laboratory weight). Species are named by phylo- genetic groups, including Polychaetes, Echinoderms, Mollusks, Crus- taceans, and others. Total numbers of species and specimens are sum- marized by station number. Characteristics of the screenings, after the fine, silty fractions have been removed, are briefly stated. The largest species and the most conspicuous or abundant kinds are listed. VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS N N dou S60 99 pues ‘pnw 906 0609 99 pues asieoo OSZ v6r9 NOANYD AdYaLINOW snyoupiqojy Snjspuo0.1aja HY] pyryoubiqiunjd Dpoig pypyuapiupdsip s1yohsy DyDjnNIvjUAa} SYpAso.jsioUy $3.LAVHIA10d -"Sw ‘sjewiue JO IM - "yy no‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, a - pasn ieay - JuaWIpEs JO PUly - Suajaw ul yjdeq - JEQWINU UO!}E}S 123 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS N NO. ‘ds njjojupivg sypjuapio90 DupapMLy DIYIUDAGISSDLI DULOSO]Ga145 4ossof sidspusaqg pyouuid or1dsouoiig thajaysaq SIBLD]1g sisuautofypo piupuijaag sylopid SuODIDd ‘ds nuang suaosaptt DLYJON 99 pues ‘pnw 906 069 Ge S60 99 pues asieoo OsZ v6v9 (Penunte>) NOANWO AGYALNOW piav01d $1349. N SALAVHIA10d "SUB 'S}EWIUR JO “}M - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo "jOA - pasn seas - yuaWIpEsS j$O Puly - Sddjaw ul Yyjdeg - JaqWINU UOI}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 124 pues ‘pnw 906 0609 S60 99 pues asieoo OSZ v6r9 pynusoo shyydan ddsqns njoyidv9 vjjazidvp Dypjassay XALDY J, Daf ordsouoig s1aapj¢ aouosadsa yy pyonbsong aurpoyy ppyod v14y,0N swuaissp shyydan SNAU1] SNJSDULOLAJAYOI NJ (pane) NOANWO AGDYALNOW ‘ds piujauppidaT S3LAVHIA 10d - Sw ‘sjewiue JO jM - ‘yy no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - pasn sea - - JuaWwIpas jo puly - SJajaw ul Yyjydaqg - JaqUINU UOI}e}S 125 SUBMARINE CANYONS . . OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pues ‘pnw 906 0609 S60 99 pues asieoo OSZ v6v9 poyiond pyjaava1xdg piliscwesaksns ce dl a a | pastour “}sod ‘Bnjs vas | See snyvas wnyojuag SYSNTION prointydo pyvsho.v vamydwy tpuasuMo} Ja4svSiig xpydojisuo.s snjdoryduy SWYAGONIH9D4 -"Swid ‘Sjewiue JO JA - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo jOA - pasn sea5 - - yuawIpas jo Puly - Sdajaw ul yjdeg - JaqWINU UO!}eE}S (panuyuo5) NOANYW)D AJYALNOW VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS d pues ‘pnw 906 069 S60 99 pues asueoo OSZ v6v9 poispuqns Iu “uoonaT DIISDUGNS UOINAT ppionjad syhysmq poyiand DjaLopny sSuBIOBUINO ‘ds mapawojoig spodiyduie (pened) NOANWO ADYALNOW SNV3S9VLSNYD [reus ayp-wniyggig 2 SYSNTION - - -"Sws ‘sjewiue JO IM - - “yp ‘no ‘ajdwes jo OA pasn 1ea - - - + JuUawIpas JO pUuly Siajaw ul 4yjJdaqg JaQUINU UO!}E}S OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS NO. 2 ploapAy prynoundis proim1yoa pruoioyd uva}19wioUu ysnoudo19}Ua 9UOWIUB SYAHLO yuousery ‘duiiys qeio prxtuutd 99 pues ‘pnw 906 0609 GZ S60 99 pues asieoo (ojey4 v6r9 renusos) NOANWO AZYALNOW [esueuu0. ‘podedoa SNV3IOVLSNYS -SWd ‘S}eWIUe JO JA - “yy no ‘ajdwes 40 "|OA - pasn 1ea5 - JuawiIpas jo puly - Sdajaw ul yjdaq - JaquINU UO!}e}S VOL. 27 — suawtoeds sotoadg S1IVLOL suewtoedg satoeds SYSHLO susutoadg satoadg SNV390VLSNYD suawtoads satoadg SYSNTION suautoedg satoads SWHYAGONIH943 suowtoedg ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 2/9) pues ‘pnw 906 0609 128 sotoeds S43LIVHIA1Od JO SY4SWNN - = -"Sw 'SjeuUiUe JO IM - - "yond ‘ajdwes 40 "jOA 2/9) pasn 4ea5 pues 9sie09 - - + - JuawIpas jo puly OSZz suajaw ul yjdaq v6v9 JaquiNU U0!}e}S (penned) NOANYO ADYALINOW 129 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN spodrydure ‘suBaoBUINO ouou sjeultue [[ews SULIOM ‘pues ‘stuqap jueyd asieoo ‘stigep Apoom spromryoa sprouryoo proanryoo Jayspsiug ‘ajyouhysy ¢ proimryoa seqn} prydnuo ‘pssyyduy ‘unypzUaq] JO S|[eYys peep] swu0M pue saqny Appnut snyoubsqo]y snyspwo0iaja H ‘pypjuapiipdsip syyohsy ysnoudo.10}uo ‘pyoyuapiapdsip siyohsy seulue oy¥1[-W4I0M pue seqn) Appnut (Peru) NOANWO AATYILNOW soroads Juepunqe Io snonoidsuoo soy satoeds jsonie'T SBULUIIIOS BY} JO sorsiieyorreyD - JOGWINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 130 ‘dds swwautquny] xfquogq saupydoids UND] {UL DULDAaLGyDvIS DIqD]D 20]/0Y4d SNJDIUY] SNJSDULOJON Seri cOS 99 pues ‘pnw 8ZLV 0069 06 6c Cc 6c Cc 99 99 pnw ‘pues | pnw ‘pues }JIS ‘pues BEE IZé Est 4689 9689 8895S NOANYD dJNANINH sapiozav9 shyydan SIsualusofyyD9 SIMIULLQUIN T snyoupaqoyy SNJSDULOLIJO HY snyosuoja sojdojoosojdo yy pauunig vpniu0dry DuvdawD D1adh}5H Do wusofyp9 auoazy Sypjuap1990 DubapwYy S4LAVHIA10d "SWB 'S|PLUIUR JO “}AA - “yno ‘ajdwes jo jo, - - - pasn sea - JUBWIPES jO PUY - Sdajaw ul yjdaq - JaquINU UO!}e}S 131 (S| (a ha: per 24 eee ene rey os eons SUBMARINE CANYONS Z <= Ll a > [=4 ) NOANYD SAWANINH pyouuid naojyD ppjuapiupdsyp sryohsy S4LAVHIA10d "Sud ‘S|ELWIUE JO IAA - ‘yy no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - pasn sea5 - Juauipas jo puly - SdajawW ul Yyjydaq - JaqWINU UO!}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 132 Ye) pues ‘pnw 8Lv 0069 6c 99 pnw ‘pues | pnw ‘pues IS ‘pues 8EE Ile €8T 2689 9689 8895S (Pen) NOANYO SAJNANINH pjIuLI0LgN4 DYaYIOIXY poyrond “D 011 a]]1XV4d sisuayjaind snmosporyd¢ SUDBA]a DLLYION pauisnisaf shyydan sisuausofyyDo SNYSDULOLpa FW ISUDS IU ‘SLIaULLquUin'T SISUBZNAD SLLIULIQUN'T ‘ds puayysppidaT staan) aouosadsa }] pyjoushjod apuh}yy S43LAVHIA10d "SWB ‘S|ELUIUL JO “JA - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo |OA - pasn seay - JUBUWIPAS JO PUlY - SJa}awW ul yjydaqg - JaqwNuU UO!}e}S 133 SUBMARINE CANYONS SnigD]d SnysDULOLpa WW pdnd visians J, pzounlsip DySstd ‘ds piuyiON DIsnqos Dsaohyy srusofynqgipunfur auoyD OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pues ‘pnw 8Lb 0069 pnw ‘pues 122 9L'I dO yIs ‘pues €8I 889 Penne) NOANWO SWANANH S3.LAVHIA10d -"SlUB ‘S|ELUIUR JO "JA - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, - > - + = = pasn seas - JUaWIPAS JO PUlYy - - SJajaw ul yj}daq - JAqWINU UO!}E}S VOL:.2/ ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 134 99 pues ‘pnw 8LV 0069 pnwi ‘pues | pnw ‘pues }JIS ‘pues BEE 122 E8I 4689 9689 889S (penuse>) NOANWOD ANANANH DJUOpOLajay DUUYAW 1SADSi UDP]DW SIIYNAUAS SLLAULLQUUN'T ‘ds 10 snonfiopd Ju ‘soinprydwy pypiyoubdiquingd ppo.ig ‘ds sapyjaqasa | ‘ds saunydoids 4ossof sidspusazsg DIDLUILG SUIULLQUUN'T syonin ajayoouh pw pyynzo vyojpidvo pyjandvy ‘ds ordsouoig ‘ds snwoiphxO S4.LAVHIA 10d "SUB ‘S|PLUIUR JO “IA - ‘yy no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - pasn 4eay - Juawipas jo puly - SdajawW ul ujdaq - JAQUINU UO!}E}S 135 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 poypupjuaoisd ‘yo sapywuy ‘ds snupydonpay pypuquiy saupydords piqnjs shyydan ‘ds 10 pypjNIYAD DAIPLALod suagsapial D14YION ‘ds p1uangQ pywasa srydnuc D}D]NU uD Dpvwuo®) ‘ds punssoy ‘ds siajoiydwy piuppixaa srydnud piao0id $10.40 N S3.LAVHIA10d 06 ; : ; ; - - -"Swd ‘s}eWIUe JO "1M 62°C 622 ; : : - - ‘y‘no ‘ajdwes jo joA 99 99 -- - - - = = = pasn 18385) pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues | pnw ‘pues }IS ‘pues - + - = JuaWIpPas jo puly BLY BEE 122 €sI - - syajaw ul yjdaq 0069 4689 | 9689 8896S - + + = = daquinu uo!}e}S penunues) NOANYWO JNWANANH VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 136 snpyjod souvydoids ‘ds pppyuor) ‘ds paypasod ‘ds pyjoyjonny ‘ds Snasoosy] ‘ds gorun'y ‘ds ouoeyy pprapnfor pyypouydy sna] DivOhpy) DUDOVIUD QOPUNGT peado] papiowy Test v9SI 20s i k i ; 5 : 9L'T cel a}9) 9dO DdO pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues | pnw ‘pues WIS ‘pues| pues BLU BEE waa EBT (HANK 0069 9689 8895S 1655 (pemmmes) NOANWO FWANANH TSI 1st 9dO pues G9T vIIS sdagaoug syphsoqspuy SI.LAVHIA 10d ‘SLUA ‘S;PLUIUB JO WA ‘yy no ‘ajdiues jo jon - pasn swan JUeWIpPes jo puly sipjow ul yideq JOQUINU UONeYS 137 : SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ree ce lead a =z = = = 82 c0'S : ; 627% 622 99 99 99 pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues | pnw ‘pues 8Lb BEE 1Zé 0069 2689 9689 (pened) NOANYO FANININH SISUAAISDI DILOY sisuadarp pyjauyoyAg pydjnosinuay puyonpiasnd [jeuus ‘yreus ppnurwas pamyduy spromrydo poyiond sisdossiug IpuasuNo] Laysvsiag pyniuonbs syoydiyduy pupjadnd syoydiyduy poyan piporyduy SWYAGONIH9A ~'Swd ‘sjeunue JO "} - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - pasn seas - yUaUIPas jo PUly - S4ajaw ul Yyj}daq - JaquNU UO!}eE}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 138 pues ‘pnw 8Zv Test 9LT 9dO pnw ‘pues | pnw ‘pues }IS ‘pues 8EE TZeé 81 9689 889S pense) NOANWO SININANH ‘ds putsapojanyI01g ‘dds uosstaydojojshsy $19}sed0ua[OS [[eus ‘spodésajad snow ‘spodo.jse3 [[2ys do}-ya.11n3 ‘ds pyuopoyywhy Diafisua DYP]OX SnijIa4 wnyojUuag ‘ds wniyqig ppruny pys0fayooy payiapd D]]2ADI1XDS snypousas ppisdourxy SYSNTIOW -'Sw ‘sjewiue JO “WM - "yo no ‘ajdwies jo |OA - pasn sea - JuauIpas jo puly - SiajawW ul yjydeq - JOQUINU UO}}E}S ip SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 proeueso0ju0d > - ‘ds ‘wmuondy SYSNTION Sm oe "Sw ‘S}EWIU JO “I Seri co's 99 pues ‘pnw OL'I - - “‘yno ‘ajdwies jo "joA 940 WIs ‘pues est - +--+ + > pasn ueay pnw ‘pues - JuawIpas jo puly - Suajaw ul yjdeq 8Zv 1Zé 0069 - ABQWINU UO!}EYS (penanve) NOANYO FWAININH VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 140 dutiys prsAur ‘ds sidsmfidwo) poispuqns “Iu “uoona'T poispUuqgns Uuoona'T ppronjad syhysnq ‘ds pyjasopng aay SUPIORPLUNO stsdowsa 01914381] ‘ds pinyyohg pleuiues snyopidsnaig snxoydoing snjpjnz0 snxoydo4aqa H] SNV39VLSNYS - N 3'z - - SWB ‘sjeWIUe JO “A 6272 99 pnw ‘pues 8 evi co's 99 pues ‘pnw 06 6272 99 pnw ‘pues 8Ee 2689 - - "ye no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - pasn sea - Juawipas jo puly 122 - - SuajawW ul Yyjdag 9689 8lv 0069 - - JeqUINU UOI}e}S (pentnt0D) NOANYWO SWIAINSINH 141 : SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 uses asnyyjip ‘ueayeuleu Sapojad snqojo1yst] ‘prointyoe ‘ds $njnjo1gasa) “ue9}19WI9U us T pepoAjod suevozoAiq Sutysnidua SYSHLO duitiys ysoys JO ‘psspuDiy]DD sqeio prxtuutd sqeio [Teuls SNVJOVLSNYD 06 -"SWB ‘S}EWIUE JO "1 62°72 99 pnw ‘pues 8c 6272 99 pnw ‘pues Test OL T 9dO }IS ‘pues est 889S 8 evi c0'S 99 pues ‘pnw ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - +--+ + + pasn seay - Juawipas jo puly - - - SJajaw ul y}dag 8Ee 4689 174 9689 8Lv 0069 - + + = - gaquinu uolze}S (peru) NOANYO ANANANH VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 142 ueleyyueliao uintjayjida Aqyoud ‘ayaeyoost[0 ‘ds anyouhysy ‘piuiasseyeyy Auojoo “wniy9p.qouo Ww ‘ds ndutfjoy¢ ‘pynoundis SYSHLO - "SWB ‘S[PWUIUE JO “JA ‘yn ‘ajdwes jo |OA - +--+ - > - pasn sea5 WIS ‘pues esl 889 - Juawipas jo puly pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues - SJajyaw ul yjJdeq 8Lv 122 0069 - JaQWINU UO!}e}S (penuyuoy)) NOANYWD dW INANH 32) a a — SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Je je N | iN N | oD S| pues ‘pnw 8Lv 0069 co} r}LO z | sit | sor | ont pnw ‘pues | pnw ‘pues uI 8Ee Wd 4689 9689 (Penuue>) NOANYO JFNWSININH payeens SIVLOL suowitoads sotoedg SYSHLO suowtoadg sotoedg SNV30VLSNYO suawtoadg sotoadg SYSNTION suswuitoedg sotoeds SWHYAGONIHD4 suawtoedg satoedg S3LIVHOA10d JO SYSSWNN -"SwB ‘S}eWIUe JO JM - "yno ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - +--+ + + pasn jea5 - JuaWIpas JO PUuly - - Sdajaw ul yydaq - JaGUINU UO!}E}S 144 HUENEME CANYON continued) ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Diupyixaa srydnug ‘spisdoss1iq auou mended pupuyaag ‘saupdoids unyojuaq JO s]Pys prep ‘pues Avis sLigap Uus[NID0H ‘pssiydwy “wnypjuaqd jo sjjeys ‘spisdosstiq SULIOM [Tes AOA “‘syous YORTq ‘snjLQep jUue;No004 shyydan ‘anyouhysy SULIOM ‘FITS SULIOM ‘JIS aqryouhysy DLULYJON “Mipur9ag SULIOM ‘soqny prydnuo “1a4SDS1Lg, 43]SDSILG DILYION “D1DUIIIAd ie a i i ears ‘snqtgep queyd yuapnoo0g Dyuopoyywhy SN4SDULOLAJA HY pisiaD4 I ‘siyohsy ‘DyStg “DUDUIIAd “DIp}0 X ‘4ajspsiig “‘DILLYION “UN DJUIG 6897 6898 5115 SULIOM Y}IM IS SULIOM YIM IS speunrue Joyo pue snqojovgsy] Yas IIS pysngos D4sao hip ‘snqo} -O1LJSYT ‘Snjnjo1gaiay) snyoupigopyf SN4SDULO19 JO HY snqojoisjsv'] ‘snjspw01a4a snqojouysry ‘siyohsy 5531 5688 ase | 6896 sojdojoasojdp yy] “‘mipuij9aag saqn} DDU1q9ag q}IM pues AQIS Dupn.auD D1vdfi}y xipodsorjhyd peep ‘sLiqep JueTNID07 ‘pues Ae13 3b 90 Station number - - - - - conspicuous species Most abundant or Character of screenings Largest species 145 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Wis ‘pnw GSZ Z169 NOANYW)D NONnW Dypryouvaqoydvos siajnyduy poyjo4p ajaspyduy S43LAVHOA10d -"SlB ‘S|JELUIUP JO "}M ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - - - + pasn 1ea5 jaaeu3 ‘pues - - + + Juawipas jo puly vel - - - Sda}aw ul ujdag 2069 - + + + Jaquinu uolj}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 146 O8'T OTS 99 HIS ‘pnw GGL c169 ‘|Bou LOT 99 |aaeu3 ‘pues vel c069 (Pe2mnt0)) NOANYD NONW ‘ds 19y}0 ‘aoyjouin sdowd aoyjJOULsD HY snyoduoja sojdojoosojdp yy ise) |] pauunig Dppwuodosr) pynjoauod diadhjy Dupdiawp D129] 5 pauindups pprun | DIusLofyvo auoayq S4.LAVHIA 10d - -"SWB ‘S|ELWIUP JO "}\A - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - + + + + + pasn uray - JuawIpas JO puly - SJa}aW ul yjdag - Jequinu uol}e}S 147 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 eesie cr pauranisaf shyydan ==) saprovavo shyydan eel aed = a) T or sisuaiutofyD9 TZ SNSDULOLpa WW T T DIDINIIVS DUOJaaDW poyiond Duojadpw ‘dds stiautuqun7] sisuatusofypo SLLaULIGQuUn'T DIDLMIG ANUODT S3LAVHOA10d janes3 ‘pnw | pnw ‘pues jaaei3 ‘pues 8ZE LOE vel 6069 €069 c069 -"SlUB ‘SJELWIUR JO “3A "ye no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jOA - +--+ + + + pasn seas - Juawipas jo puly Wis ‘pnw SSL Z169 - - - Ssa}aw u! yjdaq - = - = - gaquinu uolje}s (PND) NOANYWD NONW ™~ N =) e) > ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 148 yIS ‘pnw GGL Z169 (pense) NOANYD NONW snponiuiy snsajdoyapys0y hyg proopoyjAyd 0 aooportiyd SIIDAB S1UODIDg S3L4VH9A10d - - -"Slud ‘S}JeWIUe JO "1M - - "yno ‘ajdwes jo "|OA pasn sea jaaeus ‘pues - - - - JuawIpas jo puly vel -- - + - Ssajauw ul Yyjdaq c069 4aquinu udl}e}S 149 : SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 os T OTS 99 IS ‘pnw SSZ 2169 jaaei3 ‘pnw | pnw ‘pues (Penant)) NOANWO NONW jaaeia ‘pues vel 2069 pawumwad aoulN SISUIZNAD S1LAULLGUN'T ‘dsqns vyopdvo mjandvg ‘dds syjfsodf 7, DyDjassay XAADY J, psourds pssauaypy J, uinspjsoo snavsdaja J MYIUDLGISSDL9 DUWOSO]GA14S pso]NINALaA SwjaUaYIS DLQD]AD14419} SIDJIUAYIS auorssim saunydords xAquioq saupydoids ‘ds syphsosavydg SALAVHOA10d -"Swus ‘sjeWIUe JO "JM "yy no ‘ajdwes jo "jOA - + + + = + pasn yeas ~ > JuauIpas jO Puly - - Sdajaw ul u}daq - sOquUINU UO!}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 150 91S 99 HIS (pnw SSZ e169 (pentnt0)) NOANWO NONW snyoupiqo} snyspulosaja siaan) aouosadsa Fy pyopidvs Dsaoh}y aa! ‘ds panssoy pyouuid maojy) DUDILIUD ‘2 Dppydas0qn1a) DyoyouDsqiinjd Dpoig DJIULIOLGNA D]JIYIOIXY DyDjNIVID (*)) Dapini4y sdanaaiq syphsousiouy 4ajspdojnp aupdhiyowwy wnjojfur Duida4qyvasg > -_ = S4.LAVHIA10d *|3au - + -"SWWB ‘s}eWIUe JO "7M LOT - - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo "|OA 99 == -- + = = - pasn iea5 jaaes3 ‘pues - + - = JuaWIpas JO puly vel -- + - - Ssa}aw ul Yyj}dag 2069 - + + + + JaqUINU UOI}E}S 151 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 08'T 9T'S 99 Wis ‘pnw SSZ e169 (penant)) NOANYD NONW "|3ou LOT 99 jaaeid ‘pues vel 2069 Stuppuou xhavy J Mua04}S SApY]AqGa4a [ 4ossof{ sidspusajg ‘ds syhg pyonbsong aurpoyy snousofyp9g sninahjog sisuausofypo piupurjIad paand siydnugd suadsapil D144j0N piqns shyydan sisuaiusofypo puanouhw syvopisd ajayoouh pj S4ALAVHIA10d -"SUB ‘SJEWIUR JO “JA "Yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo OA > +++ + + + + pasn seay - Juawiipas jo puly - Sdajaw ul yjdeqg - JaqUINU UOI}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 152 91S 99 HIS ‘pn GSZ 2169 jaaeu3 ‘pues vel 2069 (e200) NOANYD NONW Diuppixaa s1ydnuc SINUA] SNISDULOJO NV DuDdaiawD anuny ‘ds pyjaounuy pyniuquy saupydords S4.LAVHIA10d - - -"SUUB ‘S|ELUIUR JO “YM - - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - pasn uea5 - - - UBWIPaS JO PUly suajau ul yjdaq saquinu uol}e}S 153 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Wis ‘pnw GSZ Z169 (Penmue>) NOANWO NONW |eaes3 ‘pues vel 2069 —sreacowrs 1moyDyIsn vapini4.y SyoDis SnysDULDIAG, Sisuasuo)d S14auLiquin’] syonid snsyjzoqouy ¢ snpyjod saupydords ‘ds snwosphxQ S3LIVHIATOd - - -"SWB ‘S|EWIUR JO YMA - - ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 1ea5 - > uaWIpESs jO PUly suajew ul! yjdag Jaquinu uol}e}S VOL)2/ ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 154 wis ‘pnw GSZ Z169 stutougn pyzuvomydoC, pyoysho1v vamyduy pupjadnd syoydiyduy sypjuapi900 mporydwy IpuasuMo} 4a}SDs1.4g xpjdojfiduosjs snjdoiyduy DyDyIsIp Diporydwy SnNquadxXa 1ajSDAPUag supoiqjp p3dpuhsojzdaT sno1u0fyp9 uayzadossy (enant>) NOANWO NONW pyojnaids x14y43,014dO pjowonbs syoydrydwy SWY3GONIHOD4 "SUB ‘S|ELWIUR JO "}M - ‘y no ‘ajdwes jo "jOA - + + + + + pasn sea jaaes3 ‘pues - - - - JUaWIpas yo puly vel - - - + + Ssajew ul yjdag 2069 - + + + JaqWINU UO!}E}S 155 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘ds pyauyoyhid SYSN[OUL Jato t4aquadip9 Dut)a J, snqoajdau snjorpo jw 17]D}jnNU DOSIMONT snyoinnyy) shy) DSOIN11JUIAQA D}IPAD) DNs sDg SYSNTION o8'T "SWB ‘S}EWIUR JO “JM 9T'S - - ‘Yyno ‘ajdwes 40 ‘jo, - + - = - pasn sea 99 WIS ‘pnw jeaei3 ‘pues - JuawIpas jo puly vzI - Suajaw ul yj}deq c069 GSZ 2169 - daqUINU UO!}eYS ronan) NOANWO NONW VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 156 yis ‘pnw SSL Z169 (Pe2mn00)) NOANYD NONW singuidsad sniipssp.N snyoasg wnypjuad payfiond 1]aAv21xXDg poynapp Dyj40fayooy snqooi1ias pprsdouxy wunjnpyjod wnjopshuy pyaho purysoxuopy DYSLIPD St4injouliDy ‘ds 02411W SYSNTION - - -"SWUB ‘S/ELWIUR JO "}M - - "ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA pasn seas jaaesd ‘pues - - - | Juawipas jo puly vet suajaw ul 4yjdeq 2069 saquinu udl}e}S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ys ‘pn SSZ 2169 (penmnt0)) NOANYWD NONW StsuatisDig SNIUOYIOUT apiquinjoo Sapilo10y ‘ds aoynduy pjpydas0s90UuL posyaduy DjDIS149 DOSyaduy SNVS9VLSNUYD o}1YM [Teus “ureyo ‘ds pusapojavyIoig ‘ds uosstsydojpjshig ‘ds pnbyis SSNTION - - -"SWB ‘S}EWIUR JO “3A - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo OA pasn sea5 jaaei3 ‘pues - - + - Juawipas jo puly vel suajaw ul yjdaq z069 Jequinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 158 supayypf snxoydoing supiqnon) snxoydoivg sapouays snxoydoing st LE snwojsida snxoydvivg snsourds snxoydoivg fo») tn Suapisn}qo snxoydoivg [s> N pI1UL0fyD9 syoYyg tal ise) sisuajjaand saysnajdpivg ‘ds snsao0shyas] DoWUDjaU 712143817] tuosdwoy} snayjshing SNVJ0VLSNYS "\Bau - + -"SWB ‘SJEWIUP JO "}A 08'T 91'S 59 WIS ‘pnw SZ 2169 LOT - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, 99 |aaeu3 ‘pues - = +++ + + + pasn sea - JUaUIPas jo pUuly vel - S4ajaw ul y}dag 2069 - JaqUINU UO!}E}S (Penn) NOANYD NONW 159 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 purq “ds nuany snypjnz0 snxoydo.aja yy suasjn{ pruidin jy pjongn, sdoojdv yy adwy D1aa DISY) poyiovd vosyaduy DIpINuIs1aa1q Dosyaduy proyjoue}s pisseueisdy sndoin.1ajay sndojnapourumnoy ‘dds ‘ds ipedeane snyoiipa snxoydoivg snyopidsn90.1ajay snxoydoing SNV4OVLSNYD 08 T -"SlUS ‘S|PLIUR JO "}M 91S 99 Is ‘pnw SSL c169 ‘yy ono ‘ajdwes 40 "JOA - +++ + + + pasn ueay jaaes3 ‘pnw | pnw ‘pues jaeu3 ‘pues - - Juawipas jo puly vel - - SJajaw ul Yyjdeq 2069 - JaquNU UO!}e}S (peram°D)) NOANYWD NONW VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 160 voyiond syfysosnhixo ‘ds uoonaT prHAaserp ‘ds pyjasopngy ‘ds xsayjour ‘pyjauny ‘ds pyjawny pousofyv9 sdosdwpjiua HY sinuay sisdophysrq SN4DJSLLI "JO Snsav0pOg syuoy snjpydas0xoyg snyojnzo snxoydoing ppruny addioin SNV39VLSNYD - - -"SWd ‘S|PWIUR JO “}M - - "y‘no ‘ajdwes jo "OA pasn 4ea5 is ‘pnw jaaei3 ‘pues - - = - JUaWIPas JO PUly SSL bel - + + + Ssajaw ul yjydaq 2169 2069 4aquinu ud!}e}S (persed) NOANWDO NONW os Ne) — OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS NO. 2 08'T 91'S 99 Wis ‘pnw GGL Z169 jeaei3 ‘pues vel 2069 (panm0>) NOANYD NONW SS spodos] ‘ds syfigspiq SNV30VLSNYD - - -"SWd ‘S}EWIUR JO “3M ‘y no ‘ajdwes jo "jOA - + + + - pasn sea5 - JuaWwIpas jo Puly - Suajaw ul yjdeq - JOqUINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 162 ‘ds ‘syopuas jy] 2 ‘auoulsue spury Z jo spodedoo cot dumiys ysoys I ‘ds snangodnq ‘ds 0j}df1901049 H T spodeoaq SNVJ9VLSNYD S92 ‘dau -"SlUB ‘S|EWIUe JO “1M \e3 Z 99 jaaei3 ‘pnw 8Ze 6069 vc9 LOT 99 pnw ‘pues LOT "y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, 99 |aaes3 ‘pues - + +++ + + = pasn sea ys ‘pnw - JuawIpas jo puly L9E - Suajaw ul Yy}dag €069 vel 2069 SSZ 2169 - JequNuU UO!}e}S (penmnteD) NOANYD NONW 163 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 sopoyewou wis ‘pnw GGZ Z169 (PenanteD) NOANYWD NONI ‘\dou LOT 99 jaaeis ‘pues vel c069 sysnoudoi9}u9 121SSDAD DULOSOJOISDY dd sue0zoAiq ppg? D4p1340]5 SU3HLO - - -"SWB ‘S}EWIUP JO “IMA - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes 40 ‘|OA ==) = - - pasnideas) - - JuaWwIpas jo puly - SJajelw ul y}daq - = + JAqWINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 164 08'T 91'S 90 Wis ‘pnw GSZ Z169 (penne) NOANWD NONI suaulloadg sotoodg SINYAGONIHI3 - + -"SlWUd ‘SJEWIUL JO ‘JA - - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn seas |aaeud ‘pues - - + = Juawipas jo puly bel suajaw ul yjdeqg 2069 JaquUINU UO!}2}S NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 165 syjoig ‘snsajzdo} -apyooyjfiyg Jo saqny SULIOM [[PUIS ‘sLigep jus;NII0R urayeulau ‘saupydords SULIOM YIM sliqap yue[noo0g pao] yD “SnJSDULDIIAG suLiomM AUeUL ‘sprointyoe ‘sprsdosstiq SNISDULO19 JAH ‘prulosseyey} plwoasserey} “4ajzspsiig sjeulue peep ‘sys ‘sLigep [Jays Jaaeis 4aqSDS14g s[euntue ayxT[ULIOM 12430 pue spromrype ‘pues Avid plulasseyey3 SnjSDUu019429 speullUe ayITULIOM “494SDS14g YALA JIS piipuijaag “Doin piporyduy “ma0]Y4) pdnd msiap1 J, ‘pynoundis “sajspsig auDpppW ‘pnoy ‘snjdowyduy MUGU CANYON (Continued) [eAes8 ur ‘suLIOM [[eUIS yim pues Avis asreoo ‘ddsqns vzoyidv9 nyjandvy Dynjassay Xhsvy J, ‘pypuLo piqodoiqg TT?us feus peep ‘saqn} ULIOM [ays usx01G Te ys Feus plo ul ‘snunsodngq Station number - - - - - Character of screenings Largest species Most abundant or conspicuous species VOL.20 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 166 NOANYD JWNnd snjoouy snsajdojanysoqjhyg ‘ds aoyjowsv yy ‘ds nuayysppida Ty pyniryouv.qoydvos siajiydwy ‘ds snupydonsy S4LAVHIA10d "Sud ‘SJEWIUE JO “LM - - "Yo "no ‘ajdwes jo jo, -- +++ + + - pasn sea5 - - = > JUBWIPaS JO PUlY suajaw ul yjdeq - + JaquINU UO!}e}S I Ne) m4 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘ds shzydan 1SdDS QUDP]DW DID]NuN] IU “BOYJOULLD FY pyouuid maojy) ‘ds pyjayzoixy (permxe>) NOANYD JWNG pyouuid ordsouoisg S4LAVHOA10d -"Swd ‘SJEWIUR JO "}MA - “Yyno ‘ajdwes jo |OA - - + pasn sea5 - - - JuaWIpaSs JO Puly - - SJajzaw ul yjJdeq - JOQGUINU UO!}E}S ™~ N J ie) > ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 168 (penuruod) NOANYWD aNNd ULIOJIPUOUI ‘SiuaULuquin st WouLqun'y snyoupiqgojy SNISDULO19}9 HY Dpyva fv) DIDINIDJuay sy hsoujsiouy sdaaiaaiq syjhso.siouy poyiond ‘p appixD1g piupypixaa stydnugc suaosapiit D1LYj0N DJuoposajay DuUYaW DUDIIaWLD ajlUN |] S4.LAVHIA10d -"SluB ‘S|EWIUE JO “MA - ‘yy no ‘ajdwes 40 ‘|OA - - - pasn 1ea5 - JualUIpas JO puly - Suajyow ul Yyjdag - JaQUINU UO!}E}S len) Ne} bro | SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 (Penunt0D) NOANYWOD SWNd ‘ds saupydoids ‘ds ojfiyd pr4jydou piafiunog ordsouoig snpodmmay sapiyooia'T WUSUISeAy ‘pruorpesis S4LAVHIA10d - - -"SWB ‘S}JEWIUR JO IM - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - - - pasn seas - - JuauIpas jO Puly suajyaw ul yydeaq Jequinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 170 (pentnt0>) NOANYDOD SWNG T ‘dds uossisydopppjshag $19}se30ua[0S ds snjnpop ‘ds ppisdouxy SYSNTION payfiond sisdossig snyonidpo 1a4spsig voysn mporyduy xnjdojhisuoss sadoudusy 1puasumo} 4dJSDSUG sisuarjol wnisnwuoryd¢ ‘ds sidspusajs S$3LAaVHIAT10d - - -"SlUB ‘SJEWIUR JO "JM - - ‘y‘no ‘ajdues 40 "|OA - + - - pasn sea5 - - = + JuawiIpas jo puly suajaw ul yjdaq Jaquinu UO0!}e}S 171 SUBMARINE CANYONS . . OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 (Pent) NOANYO SWNG ‘ds muidinyy snjpjnzo0 snxoydo.sa}a }] plore spodrydwe aSo8ni ‘wep ayy ‘ds phwajos [jews “ds ‘xpfiwosdwoy pysapousad D]]94}1N O}YM ][[BuUs ‘surepO OPYM [peuus “preus ‘ds wnyng? ‘ds puusapozavyo0.1g SYSNTION "SUB ‘S}EWIUR JO “}M - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes 40 "|OA - + + + = = pasn 1ea5 - JuawIpas jo Puly - - - Suajaw ul yjdag - ABQWINU UOI}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 172 (pened) NOANYWO JANN SY3HLO DSSDUDY IDOE ‘duiiys ysoys qeio prxtuurd Jensuej}oa1 “poor.4so SpuLy Z “spooe.1}s0 ‘ds sidspjidwoy snwojsida snxoydoivg ‘ds vosyadwy ‘ds snjpydasoxoyd ‘ds pyjaunpy SNV390VLSNYD - -"SWd ‘S}EWIUP $O "}AA - - "y ‘no ‘ajdwes 40 “jo, - +++ +--+ + - pasn sean - - - - JUaWIpPas jo puly siayaw ul y}daq Jaquinu UO!}e}S 173 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 s}snoudo1o}ua anyouhyiy ‘proantyoo SYSHLO -"SWB ‘SJELUIU JO “JA “yond ‘ajdwes jo OA - + - - pasn sea - - - - JuguIpPas JO puly - - - Ssa}owW ul Yy}dag - = + = JaqWINU UO!}E}S (Penant0D}) NOANYO SWNGd VOL. 27 suswtoads satoedg suaultoads sotoads SNV39VLSNUD suowtoedg sotoads SWYAGONIHOD4 4O SY3SWNN - + -"SWd ‘S}EWIUE JO yA ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS - - ‘yo no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn sea5 - + - = JUaWIpas JO PUY siajow ul Yyjdaq - + = = JaqUUINU UOI}EYS 174 (Penun4eD) NOANYD SAWNGaG NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 175 DUME CANYON (Continued) : 6915 5505 5046 5674 aa 7520 5676 6917 6918 2965 t= sniajdozavysoy hyd jo saqn} peep dumtiys ysoys SULIOM ‘stiqep yueyd yorsq plwasseyey} ‘pnereydure pYyjpD ‘sixauuyay SULIOM puR sprloutyo9 yyIM JIS sqieq peqeyassay ‘sjeultue 19430 ‘spisdos -suq ‘xphwosdwo)p¢ jo [Jays uayxo1q spisdosstiq SULIOM ‘spisdosstiq ‘s]jays pssiyduy peep IIS spisdosstiq suLIOM pue spisdosstiq YIM jIS spisdosstiq SULIOM pue pisdosstiq yjim IS sisdossiig sjeultue ayI[ULIOM ‘spisdosstiq ‘stigap AQIS ueva}ioulau ‘sisdossiig ppypo vyy0) duniys ysoys ‘pfiwajog xapur S1sauLLquinT snjspuoiaja p] ‘sisdoss1ug mipuyjIad ‘srydnug “miyiON unig ‘sisuaiusofuypo DiupUuij9ag IpUAsSuUNO} 49jSDS1LG sjeunue ayITuL0M pue pisdosstiq pjounlsip D4std “spuasuno} 4ajsDsiig pyountsip D4stg ‘ppyjod m1yj0ON Station number - - - - Characteristics of the screenings Largest species Most conspicuous or abundant species VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 176 pues ‘pnw 219 QLTE Dupniaup D1aahpy ed ae Oe sytonid Dapjiasoq DIDINIYAD DAYIALOG eos Se ae ee dass doo meade Dypjnapjuay syphsousiouy S3LAVHIA10d €v'0¢ ; - - -"Swd ‘s}eWIUe JO “3A LT : : °O |- - “y(n ‘ajdwes jo “jo, 9dO pasn 1ea5 ‘Ke|> “yIs UIs ‘pnw | Is‘ - - - - JUaWIPAaS jo puly SLV O€e siajow ul 4yjdaq 6249 OsTte sequinu uol}e}S NOANYWD YOINOW YINYS 17% SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN No. 2 a sisuayjadnd snuosporydo S3.LAVHOA10d - + -"Sw# ‘sjeluiUe JO "yA - - ‘yn ‘ajdwes 40 "jo, pesn e985 pues ‘AG “WIS GLU O€E 62149 OsTe (ponso>) NOANWO WOINOW WLINWS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 178 ! bn ae aes eee peste eta es mn [call meal om eae Ps aes as oa maf ai ae ae (Ese eee seme ee el eee ae ee ‘ee eens] saan eee ‘Sencs cemeel tel See Bes Be Se ee a Se ae ee = eS ae 9T2 6S'7 99 pues ‘pnw IC WIS ‘pnw Z19 SLv O€e 6249 O8Te Penunses) NOANWO WOINOW WLINYS ane SISUBZNLI S1LOULIQUIN'T es staan] aouosadsa ‘ds aoyjous yy wzado] Dapini4y Dyoryoubiqoydoas siajnyduy poy04D ajasnyduy S3LAIVHIA10d -"SWB ‘S|PLUIUR JO “3A "y no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - - = pasn 1ea5 - - JuaWIpPas JO PUlY - - - SJajow ul Yyj}dag - + = Jaquinu uo!}e}S 179 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ei ce Ses pyonbiojg aurpoyy ‘dds o1dsouowg pyouuid o1dsouoiig piafiss1a ordsouoisg SYLIDIG D)]A]]IXDAg tuosuyol snjapyoo}1990g pyounlsip DSI syonid stuoDiDg ‘ds ptuamoQ pues ‘pnw e119 QOLTE [ead baa) is [sae i aa = €voe | Ev En (ard BSc Z4g0 9dO 9dO 99 99 WIS ‘pnw | jjays ‘Aejo| pues ‘pnw 41s ‘pues “Keo “ys SLv OfE 89¢ est 9IT 6229 O8Te OOOE | 0829 1829 (penente}) NOANWD WOINOW WINYWS pasod stydnud SUdISAPLAL DLLYION ‘dds shyydan "ds 10 Dyuopo.sajay DuUYaW S3LIVHIA1Od -"SWB ‘S}EWIUR JO YM "yy ‘no ‘ajdwes 40 "jo, - - pasn sea5 - JualwIpas jO puly - - - SJojaw ul yjdaq - = = JaQUUINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 180 1Uula04}s Sap] 9g 94a T DIYIUDLGISSDLI DULOSO]GA.45 Dniiquy sauvydords pyoyound oidg S3LIVHIA10d - - -"SUWID ‘S}JELWIUP JO "1A - - "yno ‘ajdwies jo "jon pasn sea5 ‘Kel “Is HIS ‘pnw - - - - JUaWIpPas jo puly GLv OEE s4ajow ul yjdaq 6229 O8TEe sequinu uolj}e}S (pena) NOANWD WOINOW YINYS 181 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Elly pues ‘pnw 219 9OLTE sisuaiusofyypo SUJULIQUN'T ime [| ee] eal ae tose fae (a ues At elaiis WIS pnw Slt O€€ 6219 O8Te (penunt0D) NOANWO WOINOW WINYWS spluepeu DIONUWY SaUuLLqunT DIDINIIG S1LIULLIQUiN'T snsojav2 snjouopidaT S4LAVHIA10d - - -"SWd ‘sjeWIUe JO "1M - - ‘yno ‘ajdwes 40 ‘jo, pesn seas VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 182 pues ‘pnw c19 QOLTE pues ‘ *Kejo “ys } IS pnw SLv O€e 6419 O8TE renue>) NOANWO WOINOW WLNWS SNJSDULOLI4O HL DuDypixaa srydnuC S3LAVHIA10d - - -"SlUd ‘S|PLUIUR JO “IA - - "yo no ‘ajdwies jo "jo, pasn 1ea5 ~ > JUBWIPES jO PUlY siajow ul yjdaq 4equinu uolj}e}S 183 SUBMARINE CANYONS . . OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 i a a i a Se eS ee syloDid auozojaDYyD ee ise 91¢ i ° 5 ; €v'02 6S't ; : : : LI 99 dO pues ‘pnw aReIOH AS WIS ‘pnw | jjays ‘Aej} pues ‘pnw| yIs ‘pues Z19 SLv O€e QLTE 62149 O8Te (poneneo>) NOKNWO WOINOW WLINWS DJDUOLONUL slajnyduy supjvaia snupydonay S3.LAVHIA10d "SWB ‘SJELWIUE JO “IM “yn ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - - - pasn sea - > qUBlUIPas JO PUY - - - Sdajaw ul yJdeq Jequinu uoljze}S VOLe2/ ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 184 pues ‘pnw c19 9ZTE proyjoutrey DUDILIaULD ‘9 moydaz0jv1aD SNOOTY snsaydojyapysoy hyd synuaq qu ‘piaohi 5 i ee i) ees ‘ds snghjojny S3.LAVHIA10d - = -"SWB 'S|BLUIUE JO “} A - - "yo no ‘ajdwies jo "|OA pasn sea5 ‘Keio “ys ys ‘pnw - - - Juawipas jo puly SLvV O€E suajow ul yydeqg 6229 O8Te sequinu uolye}S (penmteD}) NOANWD WOINOW YWINYS OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS NO. 2 tots) — N 91z 6S't 90 pues ‘pnw tAurovsits Wis ‘pnw z19 SLY Ogee QZTE 6419 O8Te wentnwo) NOANWO WOINOW WINWS payiond sisdossi.g 1PUISUNO} 1A}SDSIL supaiqjp pydvuhisojydaT payin pporydwy pyowonbs syoydiydwy SWYSGONIHD3 - -"SlUB ‘S|PWIUE JO “JA - ‘yo no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pesn sea VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 186 pues ‘pnw rae) OLTE 912 6S'V 99 Aeros qs ‘pnw | jays ‘eyo SLU OEE 892 6419 OsTe OOOE (penante>) NOANYO WOINOW YWINWS 1 pues ‘pnw} IS ‘pues ‘ds wniyyigd ‘ds pusapojyanyo01g ‘ds 10 19110} snjnpoD DSOILqUaA DPA, SUIR]O 9} [[BUS ‘ds pyjaavaixvg DID]JNuuD DULOULON'T t4aquadivo Duta] ‘ds pitwajos ‘ds uoajoy SYSNTION - -"SlUd ‘S]EWIUE JO “3M - yo no ‘ajdwies 40 "}OA - pasn sea5 - - = Juawipas jo puly - - SJojew ul yjdeq 4aquinu uol}e}S 187 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 podos! prmyjue suaosiyap ajaulas SYSNTION - - -"SwB ‘S|BLIUR JO “YM - - "y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 1ea5 pues ‘pn *Ke\2 ‘ys HIS ‘pnw - > > > JuauIpas jO Puly z219 SLv OEE suajew ul yj}daq OLTE 6419 OsTe sequinu uole}s Penanwes) NOANWO WOINOW WINYS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 188 ‘B19 “WIS ys ‘pnw SLv O€e 6249 O8Te (pene) NOANYO YOINOW YWINYS DSSDUDII]DD 10 ‘dursys ysoy3 preue} SNV490VLSNYD - - -"SWB ‘SjeWIUe JO "1M - - "yo ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn ueas - - > > yuawWIpas JO Puly suajew ul yjdaq sequinu uo0le}S [op co os SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN ‘Aas ee SLU O€€ 6219 O8Te Penanees) NOANWO WOINOW WLINYS NO. 2 uBLIBYyURIIIO ue1u0s.103 SYaHLO - - -"Sws ‘sjewiue JO 3M - - "ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jOA pasn seas - - = = JuaWIpEs JO puly Suajew ul yjdeqg Jequinu uol}e}S suowtoeds setoeds suawtoeds satoads suoultoedg setoeds SNV39VLSNYD suoultoads sotoeds SYSNTION suawtoeds sotoed SwaagoNtHoa suowltoeds sotoeds S3LAVHIA10d JO SYASWNN - -"SLUB ‘SjeWIUe JO "A ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS - "ye "na ‘ajdwes jo "OA pesn sea5 ‘Keo “ys - - = JUBWIpSS JO PUY GLv O€E +--+ - - Sua}ew ul Yyjdag 6249 O8TEe 4equinu ud1}e}S 190 (peam=>) NOANWD WOINOW YWINYS NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 191 SANTA MONICA CANYON continued) peep W0}}0q iba ane ie pace speunue Aueut ‘pues 41ep ou0ou 9u0u SUIP[O yeus pssiydwuy “pyipsv5y sjeutue ‘sliqap asie0o spisdosstiq ‘ISiDS QUDP]DW S[eUuIIUe ayIPULIOM uveyoWeU “DUDppIxaA ‘sT]@ys pss1ydwy peap siydnug ‘sisdossiug 1SiDS auDp]DW STPUIIUe OyT]ULIOM ‘sduiny Axem uUMO0IG piupjpixaa s1ydnuc¢, speulrue DuDyxaa ayTULIOM ‘sprouryse stydnug ‘anyouhysy? 1S4DS QUDPIDW STePWIUL OyITULIOM Dsspunyy]Dy) ‘Dhuiajos speuliue SUIATT ‘sMOLING 9B1e] YA aTeYys prey ‘aduods snovoryis DJD]NuuD DULOULINT sjeuue ‘snjnpod ‘phiwajog Jo s[jeys peap sptsdosstiq uvapeuleu ‘pz,IunIsip DIStg ‘plomiyos sjeuue ayTTWLIOM 3399 | 6779 | 3177 | 6778 | 3176 | 7517 | 6777 | 6776 D1LYION “IS4DS QUDP]DW sTeullue ayI[ULIOM ‘ajqqni Aeyeys siyshsy ‘apyouhysy DLLYJON “ISDS aUDP]DW SuWLIOM ‘pues Ayjays ‘spodoydeos peap s[[oys wniygg pue joy peep ‘stiqap yua[No0]5 phwajos sTeurue [[euls YUM sliqep qUI[NIIOTF qeio plo1oueo pwosouoydig¢ ‘azyouhysy spruords ‘piuyjoN phwajog ‘puja ‘paypasog “myjandog paqpiasog ‘nyjapidvD - 678. 6780 | 3000 3180 3179 | 3178 | 2999 Most abundant or conspicuous species Characteristics of the screenings Largest species Station number - - - - ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 192 DpipudI DANSSO’) pyouuid maojy) DUDINLAUD wpunjsso12 Djpydas0j01a) pyjeudes (uaye} JOU S}Yys1EM pally qesa ; umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues jeaeu3 ‘pues 8Ze 9Z 9189 2189 TIYM HINOS ‘NOANYD OGNOdd4u DyDINIOIG MpuruLy 4ayspdojnp aupndiyjowwy SyDJUap1II0 DupaDULy S3L4VHIA10d - - -"Swd ‘S}eLUIUe JO "JA - - "yond ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn seas - > - > quawIpas jo puly siajaw ul yjydaq daquinu uole}s 193 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘dds vsnsayd sniqna ‘D snuo1phxO sisuausofypo shyydan syiovid ajayoouhp pyounlsip pshydivp ‘dds 19yjo ‘swaurquny SISUIZNLI S1LOULAQUIN'T, DIDLMNIIG S1LIULIQUN'T ‘ds anuov’] DIDjNUN) “QOYJOULLD H snyoduoja sojdojoosojdv pDaUuUunig DpDlUuos®) (uaye} JOU S}YysIEM paj|ly qeus : umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues Jaaeid ‘pues 8Ze 9Z 9189 £189 eres) TTY M HINOS ‘NOANWO OGNOdaa pyopidno viaohpy S43LAVHIA10d -"Slus ‘S}eWIUR JO JM - ‘yono ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - - + = pasn yeay - - yuawIpas JO puly - Sdajaw ul yjdaq - JequNU UO!}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 194 (uaye} JOU S}YysIaM pail, qeaa : umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues jaaes3 ‘pues 8Ze 9L 9189 L189 wenmnzea) TTIW M HLINOS NOANWO OdGNOddaa 1uWa04s Sapyjaqgasa ] piqn]s 20;04g S3.LAVHIA10d - - -"SWB ‘S]ELUIUR JO “3A - - ‘y'no ‘ajdwes jo “jo, pasn 1ea5 - + + = JuaWipas jo puly suajaw ul yjdag Jaquinu uole}s SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 sisuaiusofyvo SN4SDULOLPA DISNgo. DYaUDp]DW suajaauup addish'T pjdnisaqur DiuayysppidaT] pynjassa} D1aahpyy StuLiofiun aUuozOxy Dpnud stata uogjiuid 1YIOIUDY DIJAULDIDLY (uaye} OU s}ysIEM paijily qe : umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues |aAeu3 “pues 8Ze 92 9189 L189 essen) TTWM HLNOS NOANWO OGNOddsa 1zado) vapiniy ‘ds msiavi J, S3.LAVHIDA10d - - -"Swd ‘sjeWwiue JO }M - - "yno ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 1ea5 - = > + JuauIpas jO Puly suajaw ul yjdaqg 4aquinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 196 (uaye} JOU S}YsIaM pay qeas : umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues jaaei3 ‘pues 8Ze 9L 9189 L189 wore) TTWM HLNOS ‘NOANWO OGNOdi4u SMOOUY snsajdoyanys0q hyd sylopid s1uoDiDd S3.LAVHIA10d - - -"SWB ‘S]EWUIUE JO "IA - - ‘y‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn iea5 - + + = JUaWIpas jo puly siajaw ul yjdag Jaquinu uol}e}S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 (uaye} JOU S}YsIOM pai|iy qeas : umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues jaaei3 ‘pues 8Ze 9L 9189 penned) TTY M HINOS ‘NOANYWO OGNOddid pyniquy saupydords pyoyjidodoau vsn.ayd ppyjod n1.14i0N piaa0ad sia1aN Xapul SiIULIQUN'T snyoup.qojy SN4SDUWL01942 LH] ayepnoyas “ds goyjows YY DUDILaWD DLaDh} yy S4.LAVHIA10d -"Slud ‘S}ELWIUR JO "JA ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo |OA - - pasn weay - - JuaWIpas JO Puly Suajaw ul yj}deq Jaquinu uoljye}S Vore27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 198 w+ - (uaye} JOU s}YysIaM pally qeaa : umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues jaaes3 ‘pues 8Ze 9L 9189 L189 (emus) TTYWM HLINOS ‘NOANYD OCNOddYa ‘ds myjaryonoy{¢ syiaoif Dyjausvagq ‘ds autsosydng Pury Jey}0 ‘prNyeLT preudeo ‘ds snpraysosajosyd ‘ds sajniydwy SYYSSDLI SNLMIOLIY ‘ds saupydoidg ‘ds snyoupiqhsoqg¢ nsopid opoig S3L4VHIA10d - - -"SWUd ‘S}eWIUe JO “YA - - ‘Y‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn 4ea5 - - + + }UBWIPES JO PUlY siajow ul yjdag saquinu uolje}S 199 SUBMARINE CANYONS . . OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 queseid T (uaye} JOU S}ysIOM paiii} qead 99 pnw ‘pues 8Ze 9189 umouyun 99 |eaeud ‘pues 92 Z189 wpenmnzea) TTY M HINOS ‘NOANWO OCGNOdda ‘ds a1¢¢ §n10]3D9 snjouopidaT ‘ds pypjnaodhy¢ pyoyof aayuovy ‘ds posta] S4.LAVHIA10d - - -"Slud ‘SJELUIUR JO “JAA - - "yo ‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn ieay - - JuaWIpas 4O PUlY suajaw ul yjdag Jaquinu uoljze}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 200 pal|ij qeas : umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues Jaaei3 ‘pues 8ZE 9Z 9189 2189 peamaed) TTWM HINOS ‘NOANWD OdGNOddu sapdo.iajay SD1LAJSDLIJ IS DipauLtajur Dippdjow $194}0 ‘plo.myjojoy supoiqyp vjdpuhsojdaT snauiofypo uayzadousy pypwuonbs syoydiyduy DyDRGIp DYporydwmy ‘ds pyjayidvg S4.LAVHIA10d - - -"SWS ‘S|PWUIUR JO IMA - - "y‘no ‘ajdwes jo |OA pasn iea5 - - + = uaUuIpas jo puly suajaw ul yj}daq Jaquinu uole}s 201 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘ds uosstsydoyojship pupydopqns xpfiwosdwo pyouryjoad Dhworpsvg stusofisn{ snjnpog Dpns s110g snyvoidsas Dprsdourxy SYSNTION puidsiduo) syoydorydd tuayoqg syoydorydGQ voyiond sisdossig pupjaand syoydiydwy payin mporyduy (uaye} JOU s}ysIEM pally qeis , umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues jaaeu3 ‘pues 8Ze QL 9189 romeo) TTYM HLNOS ‘NOANYO OGNOda4 wpuasuno} Jajsvsiug SWY3GONIH93 - - -"Suug ‘sjeWIUe JO “MA - - yyono ‘ajdwes j0 ‘jo, pasn sear) }- = - - yuawiipas yo puly ssajaw ul yydeq saquinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 202 (uaye} JOU S}YysIOM pail} qes3 : umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues Jeaes3 ‘pues 8Ze 94 9189 2189 weaned) TTWM HINOS ‘NOANYWD OGNOddua auphooppy xutshsozumhia sysuadarp Djjauyoyfia SYSNTION - + -"SlUB ‘S}BLUIUR JO “JA - + "yno ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn eas - > > + JuaWIPas JO PUlY suajaw ul yj}deg 4aquinu uoijze}S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 spodiydure SNV39VLSNUD ‘dds pdvydojhx ‘ds nya. W 40]091q vssiyduy SISUALSDI DOV DIDANSSIIS 11P]O X pydjnosinua} buronpiaspg DID]nuuD DUOUIONT $nijoad UN) DJUACT asuauypyvo wniyyig SYSNTION (uaye} JOU s}YysIaM [7 > 7 "SUB ‘S/BWUIUR 40 “3M pay, qeud ; umouyun - - ‘yond ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, 99 99 pasn sea pnw ‘pues @ae13 ‘pues - - - = Jualwipas jo puly 8Ze 94 suajaw ul yjydag 9189 Z189 Aaquinu UOd!}e}S rox) TIYM HLNOS ‘NOANYO OGNOGZ4 VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 204 qeio plieyjouuid ‘ds wnjjadjpog spreue} p14.1a4 syfizsounfixOg (uaye} JOU S}YysIOM pail} qed 99 pnw ‘pues 8Ze 9189 psopjia au ‘syhysojdaT ‘ds | ds etosopna | es qu ‘syAysmq ppionyad syfysnig ‘ds sidsmfidwoo01g spodost SNV49VLSNYD - - -"SWwd ‘SjeWiUe JO “1M umouyUn i - - "Yond ‘ajdwes 40 ‘jOA 99 pasn uea5 janes ‘pues - - - - JuawIpas yo puly 9Z suajaw ul yj}dag Z189 4aquinu u0l}e}S wom) TTWM HLMOS ‘NOANYO OGNOdaY SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 (uaye} JOU S}ysIaM pally qe ; umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues janes ‘pues BLE 9L 9189 £189 worm) TTHM HLNOS ‘NOANYD OGNOddY ysnoudo.1e}zua = SYSHLO pruosouoAd SNV39OVLSNYD - - -"Suid ‘S}EWIUR JO YM - - ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo joA pasn iea5 - - - + JuawIpas jo puly sua}ew ul yjdeq Jaquinu uoljeys VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 206 (uaye} JOU s}YysIaM paljiy qesa ; umouyun 99 99 pnw ‘pues }eaeu3 ‘pues 8Ze 94 9189 £189 romeo) TIYM HLQOS ‘NOANYO OGNOddY sueultoedg setoedg suewitoeds setoedg setoed : SNvaovisnys suowtoeds satoeds SYSNTION suewtoedg sotoedg SWHYaGONIHD3 suowtoeds setoedg S3.LAVHIA1Od 4O SY3S8WNN - + -"SlUd ‘S|BLUIUR JO "JA - - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo "jOA pesn sea5 - - + + JuUaWIpas jo puly suagjaw ul yydaq Jaquinu uo0lj}e}S NO. 2 REDONDO CANYON, SOUTH WALL ¢continuea Station number - - - - - OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS S[CUTUL dy¥TTULIOM sjeumue ayxI]ULIOM ‘sproinrydo ‘asuods snosoiyis sjeuue SYIPULIOM ‘sysn{TOUL ‘sLiqep JUs[NID0F sjeultue ayI[ULIOM Aueul Y}IM pnul auy sjeurue oy uLiom ya pnur oug sjeulue [[euls Aueul ‘Jaaeis ‘pues sjeuliue [jews Aueut YIM sligap auy Characteristics of the screenings uva}lawieu sisdossiig snjnjDigasa\) “‘puida1quvos ubajiawmau ‘apyouhy.y upajiawmau ‘ajiyouhysy $njnjoigala) “‘Dyauvp] DW Largest species pupjaand syoydiydwy vssiyduy ‘vsopd ppoig pyouuid m1a0]/4D “p.ipu1jaag SnjspULDIaq ‘snyspu04a}a paqvys 2010Y4d ‘pypuurd m90]4 Most conspicuous or abundant species 207 VOUT. ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 208 yoos ‘pnw Sov £622 TIVM HLUON ‘NOANYD OGNOddid DUDINLIULD ‘9 Dpydasz0zv1a) - - -"Slud ‘S}eWIUe JO "1M - - ‘Yond ‘ajdwes jo ‘|OA pasn 4ea5 - - + + JuawIpas jo puly siajow ul yydag Jaquinu uoljeySs SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NI NO. 1S1D8 JUDP]DW DOI) SILIULIQUIN'T DIDLMIVG S1AIULLGQULN'T ‘ds 10 07014195 BOUODT ‘ds aniuvpT] ayepnonas “ds aoyjouv YY yoo ‘pnw Sov £622 DIDjNun) tu “AOYJOULLD snypsuoja sojdojoasojdp pDauunig Dpruory pyondvo viaoh}y stuiofiun auosoxg ero) TTYM HLYON ‘NOANYO OGNOddAY ‘ds 10 ppnug stasauojiig DpPIpUuDI DANSSOT) S3LIVHIA10d "SUB ‘SJEWIUR JO "}\ "yn ‘ajdwes 40 ‘|OA - + + - + = pasn wea - JualwIpas jO PUly - - Saja ul ydag - JaquINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 210 yoo. ‘pnw Sov €622 romeo) TTY HLYON ‘NOANYO OGNOGAY Digna 201044 pynpidodoau vsnsayg Stsuatulofyva mavuIag sypopid stuoD.Dg sniqna ‘D snmo.phxO psojnqau stydnuQ pasod srydnud Dyvyuawaid sapiuiiaN pauranisaf shyydan syponisd ajaysoush py S1suauUsofyyD9 SnjsDULOIpa W ppipuajds puwmo0jpsa pW S3LIVHIATOd - + -"SUUB ‘S}ELUIUR JO “IA - - "WH ‘nd ‘ajdwes jo ‘|OA >obsGone pasn sea > - + + Juawpas jo puly Siret (= ots Ssajew ul yjdeqg a= es 4aqwuinu uUdl}e}S aI SUBMARINE CANYONS ii} OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 4ossof sidspusajs sisuauoisstu saupydoids ppuquy sauvydords ungnuru wnipisoposavyds oO oD ul DUIDALGYDIS unjopf snapushd ovdsouoig tuassuou ordsouoisd N N pyouuid ordsouoig fil sipovid Da} IxXD4Lg poyiond ‘D 0]]2])}1XD4g ‘ds piophjog [[BUs ‘D7DjS1A9 “JO DSI snjooruy sniaqdozapysoy fiyd S3LAVHIA10d -"SWUB ‘S|JEWIUP JO ‘3A (uaye} JOU S}ysIaMm) S60 - - ‘yp ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA 9dO yoos ‘pnw - +--+ + + = pasn sean - Juawipas jo puly - - Suajaw ul yjdag S9v £622 - sOqUINU UO!}E}YS perms) TTY M HLYON ‘NOANYO OCNOddAad VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 212 4 204 ‘pnw SOV €622 ensued) TTY M HLYON ‘NOANYO OGNOddae DUDIILIWD anUN| Dowus0fyvo; auoazy DIDINNAD Dapp}AL0G wnuposioupif Duo0siq SI1IDAB SNysDULDIAG DyyjNI0 Dyopdvd DYandDyD SUalapDUL SapYyDUy DigD]s Dpo.ig ‘ds 10 pynjassaz xhsvy J, SuuDpuow XALDY J, Mua014s sapyjaqgaia J, wntpjso9 snapvsdaja J DIQD]BDIA1d} SYD]aUaYIS S3.1L4VHDA10d - - -"SWB ‘sjeUIUe JO "J, - - “Ye "no ‘ajdwies 40 }oA pasn sea5 - - - - JuaWwIpas JO puly suajow ul y}daq Jequinu uol}e}S VANE: SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 poians Iu “papwiuy yoos ‘pnw Sov €6L¢ pyountsip D4stq DIDINIDU SIBLD]1d thajaysag sid40]1d sinuay SNjsDUuL0j0 N ppyodd D4YyION Dawuias aouln pyounlsip vshydivp Sisuaznsd SLaULIquin'T DjaDYI01A4OY DISUDYLIBUDT snyoupiqgoly snyspw0saja H rommmo) TTY A HLYON ‘NOANYO OGNOda4a DUDILIWD DIdIA] S3LIVHIA10d "SWB ‘S|ELWIUR JO ‘JAA - “yno ‘ajdwes 40 jOA - - pasn sea5 - JuawIpas jo puly - - - - SJa}aw ul yjdeqg - JaquINU UO!}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 214 yoos ‘pnw S9vV £622 perms) TIYM HLYON ‘NOANYOD OCNOdsd D4qn]301}40} SYDjQUIYIS Diafit4s19 O1dsoudrsg ‘dds psniayd puspwu pyaydoO DIDINIDUL saprutiaN suajzgauup addishT suDjyiq suaursquiny aye[noo “ds putupaT DSOJaS{ JUOZOJIDY S3LIVHIA10d - + -"SWB ‘SjeWIUe JO "1 - - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn 1ea5 - + + + JUaWIpas JO puly siajaw ul yjdaq Jequinu uol}eyS ZAS SUBMARINE CANYONS . . OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Diasiuiv apurohyy ‘ds auawfhjong pdnd msiap1 pyonbiong aurpoyy ‘ds pyjayjixpig pieydoyaeyoor]Ayd sisuayjaand snwospoiyd¢ ‘ds snzspwojon?¢ sisuausofyDa SLOULIQUN'T ‘ds snsu90jdiq¢g syovid ajayoouh pw sajspdojnp aupdhujowumy ‘ds pistavs J, S3.LAVHIA10d - - -"SWB ‘S}eWIUe JO "yA G60 3 ; - - ‘Yond ‘ajdwes jo "jo, 9dO pasn 4eas yoo. ‘pnw - - - = JuaWwIpas JO puly suajaw ul yjdag S9r £622 daquinu uo0l}e}S enced) TTY M HLIYON ‘NOANWO OCNOdAY VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS yoo ‘pnw SOV £622 perms) TTY MN HLYON NOANWO OCGNOddAY DJuopo.1ajay DuUYaW S4.LAVHIA10d - - -"Sws ‘sjewiue JO “MA - - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo oA pasn uea5 - - - - JualwIpas jo pUuly siajaw ul 4yjdaq Jaquinu uol}e}S oA | SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 S60 9dO yoos ‘pnw Sov £622 women) TITYM HLYON ‘NOANYO OGNOd3¥ snsojnups a smpuoyotyduey pyzupocyduip pyjuponyduy suaosayods unwozsounydhyy S3.LSVH9OA10d - - -"SWd ‘S}eWIUR JO "IA - - ‘y‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn sea5 - > + + JUBUUIPaS JO PUlY ssajaw ul 4y}deq Jaquinu uoljes VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 218 yoo. ‘pnw SOV £622 wm) TTY HLYON ‘NOANYO OGNOGdY Dyan7n2 Dui0ajoy SYSNTION tuayog syoydorydoO piafyndodopnasd DaUDjUag tuayzn DimydoO p104sho4v pamyduy Dipausazur Dippdjo Ww Ajuo ystp “ds pprusoryd¢Q, poyfiond sisdossiig ads syoydiyduy pyowonbs syoydryduy supaiq)p 03dpufisozdaT puasumo} saysvstig SWYSGONIHOS - = -"SWUB ‘S}eLUIUe JO "}M - - "ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jOA pasn eas) - + > > jUBLUIPasS JO PUlyY siajew ul yjdaq saquinu u0l}e}S 219 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 1pjousp snuysn J S1SUA4JSDI DIY Dymja090,9und uoajoy snij9a4 wnypjuaq tuaquadivo puja J DIDULDY DUDININ NY SISUIJO]ADI DININ NT puniiajuadspv9 Djnoinspga W puapodn mippidsn) srusofisn{ snnpod ‘ds nlnjay SYSNTION - - -"Slud ‘sSjeLUIUR JO “VY - - "y‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, Pi Oy OB pasn uea5 - - + - JuaWIPas jo puly yood ‘pnw Gove i) scope Sle. SOeTe 91] ger ol) “sont Si etre 20m ee ee suajaw ul yjdeqg ceze lie 99te ole ) TTY MM HLYON ‘NOANWO OCNOdAY VOL..27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 220 yoo ‘pnw Sov £622 sisuadaip pjjauyoyhD ‘dds 10 1a1jo} snjnpoo snjpot.ias ppisdou1xy [jews ‘spodoyses [Tews ‘spodAoajed reno) TTYM HLYON ‘NOANWO OCNOddY DIDINSSIIS DIPJOX ‘ds pjjtuoqin J, ‘ds 10 sisuaspqung dusphy I, sisuadapog Duyjay sisuaupuod vfiuwajosg pydjnosinuay buronpasvg DyD]NUUD DULOULON'T SYSNTION - - -"SWUB ‘S|ELUIUR JO “IA - - ‘y'no ‘ajdwes jo |OA pasn 1ea5 - - - - JuaWIpas jo puly suajaw ul yydaq gequinu u0l}e}S 221 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO.-2 ‘ds pyadupyp unsoqyizuao uni psp90ULa N ‘ds pwoonyp ‘ds puton'] S60 9dO yoou ‘pnw Sov £622 (peed) TIWM HIYON ‘NOANYD OCGNOdd4a unjoupjdqns unjosns wniytg pyouyvIad vhworpiv) pyoho pury..ojuopy SYSNTION - - -"SWS ‘S}ELUIUR JO "yA “nd ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn seay - - - = JuaWIPas jo puly suajew ul yjdeq Jaquinu uolje}s VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 27 i84 yoo ‘pnw Sov €622 weno) TTY HLYON ‘NOANYO OGNOda4¥ ‘ds 1ayj0ue ‘murdipyquog - - ="Swd ‘S}eWIUe JO “1M - - "ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn seas - = = + JUaWIPaS jo puly suajew ul yjdaq saquinu u0leys 223 : SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 yoo. ‘pnw S9v £622 (pensnxe>) TTY M HLYON ‘NOANWO OCNOddYa snyopidsn.g snxoydping ‘ds sygoyd - - -"Slud ‘sjeWIUe JO "YY - - "Yy‘no ‘ajdwes jo oA pasn seas - + > + JuauIpas jo puly saajeaw ul yjdeg Jaquinu uolj}e}s VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 224 yoou ‘pnw SOV £622 eam) TIYM HLYON ‘NOANYD OCNOddiua nidhys ru ‘syfizsnq suvsoruino spooe.qso spreur} suo.fypjnuaso DIyyDUL) Duisvov DuyoD.svhy] pyouiuad puspydoyp yy ‘ds snxoydojdaT ‘ds murdipyqu0g SNVJ9VLSNYD - = -"Slud ‘S}eWIUR JO "} - - "yo ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 1ea5 - - + + JUaWIpas jo puly suajaw ul yj}daq Jaquinu uol}e}S OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 225 NO. 2 pynoundis diy vas yoo ‘pnw SOV £622 S@TUO[Oo “UL miyIDLIqouo FC All Sa SYaHLO pyaserp ‘ds pjjasopngy siusousuod) sisdojjasopng ‘ds ‘sidspjidwov) psojpia “tu ‘syfizsojdaT a}ejuap Apavey “ds pawn) ‘ds sidspjidwo0.1g DopUqns uoona'y poyiovd nyjasopny SNV3OVLSNYD - - -"Sws ‘S}eWIUe JO 3M - - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jOA pasn 1ea5 - - - - JuaWwIpas jo puly suajaw ul yjdaq yaquinu uoljze}S woo) TTHM HLYON ‘NOANWO OGNOGdY VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 226 yoo. ‘pnw S9V £622 worms) TTY MA HLYON ‘NOANWO OGNOda4¥ pepoAjod SYSHLO - = -"SWB ‘S}PLUIUR JO "3A - - ‘Yno ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn iea5 - + + + JUaWIPasS jo puly suajaw u! yydaq daquinu uolje}Ss 220 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 sotoedg SNV30ViSNYeS suewmtoedg setoedg SYSNTION suawtoeds setoedg SWY3SGONIH93| suawtoedg setoedg S3LIVHOA10d 4O SYaSWNN - - -"Swd ‘sjeWiUe JO YY - - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA pasn 4ea5 yoo. ‘pnw - - - + JuawIpas jo puly SOV £622 suajew u! y}dag 4aquinu uol}e}S ene) TTWM HLYON ‘NOANWD OGNOdda 228 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 ai sjewtue payisieatp ‘asuods snovolyis “suretoy ‘pnur Ayqqni anyouhy.y 1S1DS QUDP]DW speumue OYTULIOM “wnyDJUaq peep “sureioj ‘ovuore snjnjzpigaiay) sjeuntue 19430 ‘sproinrydo YAMA sTIqep “[OIq speuUTUe dyI]ULIOM ‘sWUOWS Ry [Joys “SuTe10j SN4SDULOLaJa FY ‘D1LDU1JIAg mpUurj2ag ‘payin mipowdwy anyouhysy ‘1ajspsiig sjpeumue Aueul Y}LM SLIgap “[OIG ppipuajds puwopsaw pyon sp nporydwy sligap ‘sjeumue Aueul ‘sjusUSe1j aqn} pur [jays pispui499d ‘payin piporydwy seqn} pue ‘speutue ayjuLiom Aueul YyA\ ZIS piupurj9ag REDONDO CANYON, NORTH WALL Coatiauea) sjeumue Aueul ‘s]USULBBLY [[EYS ‘[oavid asIBOd 0} JUY SI9U] g ‘dds ordsouoig ‘payin pipoyduy Sapojad snqojoLysv] Station number - - - - - Largest species Most conspicuous or abundant species Characteristics of the screenings SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 DUDNAIUD DIBIh} peuly-¢ “yong ‘ds auawfhjonq 2 ‘ds auoajzq DIDINIYAD DA}}LAL0G unuposioupif DUWLOSIG pyouurd maojy) DUDILIAULD ‘2 pppydas0zb1aD ‘ddsqns pyopidvo nyjaydoy wado) vapwiuy Dypnovjuay syphsossiouy ‘ds sapiyipuy S3LSVHOA10d - - -"Swd ‘S}eWIUe JO “IMA - - "Yno ‘ajdwes jo "jOA pasn 4eay - + = = yuawipas jo puly asieoo ‘pnw 09S 68¢c2 Siajaw ul yj}daq Jequinu uol}e}s SHIddd SdXW NI ‘(NOANYD OCGNOdda VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 230 @sie09 ‘pnw 09s 68¢2 on = ite) foe] fs oo = S| ip enna) SH TEdaAd SAXW NI ‘NOANYD OGNOddaa psav0id 51049 ‘dds shzydan sisuaiusofyvo Sn4sDULOIpa |W SISUBZNALD SLLAULIQUINT DDLNING SWAULLqUN ‘ds muayjspprdaT sdoiid aoyzows0 YY snyoduoja sojdojoosojdn yy pauunig Dpnu0sy pysnqgos vsa0fiy Dyondvo Diao} S3LAVHIA10d - = -"SlUd ‘S]eWIUe JO "1M - + ‘yy 'no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn eas - > > > JUBWIPaS 4O PUY siajaw ul yjdag Jaquinu uol}e}S 231 > SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 op = oD @s/209 ‘pnw 09S 6822 (perme) SAULdAd SAXW NI ‘NOANYO OGNOdda pyounlsip 04S piqnja a0j04d puppxaa ssydnuC Dpyjod v4YyI0N pauuuad aourN, S3.LAVHIA10d - = -"SUIB ‘S}EWIUR JO “3M - - ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo OA pasn 1ea5 - + > + JuaWUIpPas 4O puly suajaw ul yjdaq sequinu uolze}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS N N asieoo ‘pnw 09s 68¢2 wer) SHLAG SAXW NI ‘NOANWO OCNOd4u PiIAs DID[NIDU SILO] paiod srydnuo ‘ds syjhsodh 7, S43.LAVHIA10d - + -"SWB ‘S}PLUIUR JO “IA - - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn sea5 - - JualuIpas jO Puly suajaw ul ujdag daquinu uolje}S 233 SUBMARINE CANYONS . . OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 asse09 ‘pnw 09S 68¢c4 wenanvea) SH TEdId SAXY NI ‘(NOANYO OGNOdda ‘ds 10 Dyuoposajay DUUYaW SNOOTY snsaydojanyooy hyd pyojidvdoau vsniayd S3.LAVHIA10d -"SUIB ‘S|ELWIUP JO “JAA - - ‘Yona ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - ++ + + + + pasn seay - JuauIpas jo puly - Suajaw ul Yyjydaq - JOQUINU UOI}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 234 @sse09 ‘pnw 09s 6824 wensnnon) SHUT dId SAXY NI ‘NOANYO OCNOddu ‘ds snwosphxo ‘ds sxydnuo DAND1JA}E SLLAULIQUNT SLUDpYg SluaUuLiquin’T spsao0p uo Dap}1040q wado] vapnoai4y sdanaeiq syjhsousiouy wn.spjsoo snapsdaja I, thajaysaq sidsv]id ‘dsqns 10 syiovsd syuov.0g S3LAVHIA10d - - -"SWWB ‘s}eWiUe JO "MA - - "yno ‘ajdwes jo "OA pasn uea5 - - + - JuawIpas 4O Puly suajew ul Yyjdaq 4aquinu uol}e}S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 3s1e09 ‘pnw 095 68¢c4 wensnaed) SU Lddd SAXW NI ‘NOANYO OGNOdda ‘ds apuyhy 5 wnjojfur pudasqyv9g5 prosTeqey Dousofypa auoayq ‘ds auoy) ‘ds auozojapy) ‘ds pyjayjorxy ‘dds 10 Susp snupydonjay pdnd msiav. J SLUDpUOW XAsDY J, snpyjod, saupydoids S43LAVHIA10d - - -"Sw8 ‘sjewiUue JO yA - - "Y"no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - pasn seas > > > > JuaWIpas jo puly suajow ul yj}daq saquinu uolj}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 236 pynuioa shyydan DIYIUDIGISSD1O DULOSO]q 9.445 ‘ds snyjawvjog¢ ‘ds psniayg sypouss ajaysoush pyounlsip pshydivyy spruepyeut ‘ds psaohyy pauodnl pyposydy ‘ds pjjaournjuy sya ‘snsyjzoqouy S3LAVHIA10d - -"SWB ‘S|BWIUR JO “yA - - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, SG cGhon eno: pasn 4ea5 asieoo ‘pnw - - - - JUawIpas jo puly ENE d 09S suajaw ul yjdag 6824 - + - + JaqWINU UOI}E}S (pone) SHIddd SAXWY NI ‘NOANYWD OCGNOddia 237 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 wunyzuDIvhyzo}d Dutsapoxhw poyrond sisdossig DIDIsDIp Damydwy supaiqp pj3dpuhsojdaT poyn Dipolyduy 1puasuno} 1ajsDstig DyoNaIp DYporyduy DYyJUDIDYaULD pyjuvonydwy pyouonbs syoydiydwy suaqoauup addish'] Dyniyoub.qoydpos siajovyduy S3.L3SVHIA10d op = = - - -"SWs ‘SjeWiUe JO yA 6c ji ; ; i aa j : - - "Yno ‘ajdwes jo "jOA 2) pasn easy asieaa‘pnus|| , - + - = Juawipas jo puly 09S suajaw ul y}daq 68¢c4 4BquINU UOI}2}S wenmuea) SH Tddd SAXW NI ‘NOANWO OGNOddd VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 238 pues asse09 ‘pnw 09S 68¢Z2 (penmnzon) SH Lddd SAXW NI NOANYWO OGNOddAa sio}se30uaTos DJDANSSIIS DIP]O K snyga4 wnypjuaq ‘ds xphwosdwoy ‘ds uoajay SYSNTION -"SWB ‘S|EWIUR JO “}AA - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo jo, -- ++ + + = pasn sea - JuaWwIpas jo Puly - Suajaw ul yjJdeq - gaquuNU UO0!}e}S 239 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 sisuaspq.ing disvhy taquadiv9 DuYja pjnqoja muayds wuinupiquinjoo uauDnjos puvsinds Dupjnonn stuoydaguod puvjnonyy DNABUOIUL DULOID cv 99¢ 6c 2 99 pues 951209 ‘pnw 09S 68¢ZL (peru) SHLddd SAXV NI ‘NOANYO OGNOdd4a pypuyjgad phwoipany) 1910} SnjnpvD Dns stopvg snqvoi.sas Dpisdouxy [jews ‘spodoyses [jews ‘spodAdajad SYSNTION "SWB ‘S|PLUIUR $0 “}(A - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes jo jo, - + + + + = pasn ueay - JuaWIPasS JO puly - SuajalW Ul Yydaq - Jequinu uo!}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 240 951209 ‘pnw 09S 682cZ2 soid suBsORPLUNO SpO0B1}SO podost T "Aas sprjeideo spodiydure SNV49VLSNYD Dysapouldad aA} vaprouojda] puwoovyy poyiond piyjayjDW ‘ds pssiydwy SYSNTION -"SlUB ‘S|PLUIUR JO "JA ‘Yy no ‘ajdwes jo |OA - + + + + = pasn sea - JuawIpas JO puly - Suajaw ul y}deq - seqUINU UO!}e}S poses) SHLAA SAXW NI ‘NOANYO OGNOdSY 241 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS NO. 2 JUuUOWI3UP s}snaudo.1a}ua plWoesseyey} “prom1yoa suvo}ioul0u ic sex ol aca ae Pate eee aha eel aa ac a es ee Bee in ea cd pea ae ar ontsered ‘podadoo ‘ds sidspjidwo90.1g ‘ds sidspjfidwny ‘ds uoonaT ppionyjad syfhysng SNV30VLSNYO bib wad es Lee Lean oes ae ae Smal a cv 99d 4 é : Y ex rm ais ; sao 2 - - -"Swud ‘s}eWIUe JO 1M 627 i i : f i - - ‘ye "no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA 99 ++ + + + + = pasn sean pues - - - - JUaWIPas Jo puly @s4e09 ‘pnw 09S - Suajaw ul yjdaq 6822 - gaquinu uol}e}S penunuod) SH TEddad SAXW NI NOANYD OCNOdde VOL.27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS NI N pues as1e09 ‘pnw 09S 68c2 weno) SUTGIG SAXY NI ‘NOANYO OGNOdau fms [ac ae ee ey) ee ee ee es Pe I pepodjod SYSHLO vO OLT "Ss ‘S|BWIUe JO "}M 6S°S - ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘|OA - - - - pasn sea5 - JuawIpas jO puly - Suajaw ul yj}deq - Jaquinu uo!}e}S 243 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 +L@el | Suewitoedg Eee ee a eee + wie Zen Sealed : a | +7 STVLOL suswtoeds sotoeds SYAHLO sueawroedg setoads SNVS9OVLSNYS suewtoeds setvadg eal eed (4 Us SYSNTION fees |_| suounseds setoedg SWHYAGONIHIIA viet sueultoeds satoedg S3LAVHOA1Od 4O SYasWNN cv 992 - - "Sw ‘sjeWIUe JO "}M 6c¢ 99 - - ‘y‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, Sh oO oe - - - pasn 1ee5 - - - + Juawipas jo puly pues asse09 ‘pnw 09S 68¢cL - - Syajalw ul Yyjdaq Bb Bu} 4aquINU UO!}E}S (ponmuoa) SU LddId SAXW NI ‘(NOANYD OCNOddid 244 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 2/7 REDONDO CANYON, IN AXES DEPTHS (contiauea DUDA stydnug¢ ‘pusapoxh jy phur usa Dan ‘spyereydure sjeumue Aueul ‘pout uveitis ‘pues asivoo AIBA xapul Suauliqun Ty “psopid ppv.ig ‘spisdosstiq Jajyspsiig pup sisdossig sjeuttue Aueul ‘sjayjod yeoay xaput Snjspuo1aja H] yorlq ym pues Avis SLIOULLQUNT] “4ajSDS1Lg ‘psopid pppig sjeumue Aueul pypo.ydy yqim pnur Apues ‘anyouhysy ¢ ‘sisdossig DLDUI4Iag sjeuue Aueut yam pnur Apues DUDIaUD DLadh} DiipuijIag ‘Daojy)D sjeutue Aueul ‘pues pue pnur Avid pyoiuquiyf 4aqSDS11g saupydoids ‘nupu1j9ag sjeunue Aueul ‘soqn} DluDU1ZIag UdYO1q DIDLNNG S1IULLQUN'T ‘pupnsawuDp Dsaohipxyy mipuijIag “pjapdpy speurrue Aueul ‘p1ipu1j99g UdYO1q ‘stiqap Apoom pur jueryd ysnaudoiejzue ‘snjnyzp4sq -alaQ ‘apyouhysye Snyspulo.1aja yy “Ma0jy) sqo]q [10 ‘seumue [Teus pue odie] YM pnur Avis Sn]nyD1gaiaD ‘saysvsiig speuue Aueul ‘sqoyq [10 ‘syaqjed yeoay ‘pnur yorsq ajyouhysy ‘1ajspsiig snijoa. wnypjuag suBlofIUIUe IO; ‘speuTUe xapul SuaULIquinT Aueul YWIM pNul xor|q ‘sajspsiug ‘ajyouhysy Ssnjspuoiaja H “DIa0] YO SULIOM ‘S*F] ‘sdumy Axem ‘saqny ‘s]Jeys Uex01g ‘snzLQep sypfsoysiauy “dds vayiond ‘Dp vyaqyixDig ordsouoisg ‘mapurj9ag suLiom Aueut “S*}{ JO 10po ‘sLigep “pues Ayjays yorTq mao0l4yD pysnqgos D1aohpy ‘syphsoysiouy “mapu1y9ag conspicuous species Station number - - - - - Characteristics of the screenings Most abundant or Largest spécies 245 : SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 9dO pues ‘pnw L9T 6822 dadO1S NISWd ‘NOANWO OGNOdda DI1404D ajaspyduy sdoup aspuy S3.LAVHIAT10d - - -"SW ‘sjPLUIUe JO "yA - - ‘yo "no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn sea5 - + = = JUaWIpas Jo puly siajaw ul yjdaq Jaquinu uoljeys VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 246 9dO Pues ‘pnw Z91 682¢e (penmuoa) TIOTS NISWA ‘NOANYO OGNOddAa Daqn]a a0,oyq Stsuaiusofyps miipu1499g paivd s1ydnuo ‘ds swautuqun 7] S4.LAVHIA10d - - -"sld ‘SJEWIUe JO "}M - - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA pasn sea5 - > > = JUBWIPES $O PUlY suajaw ul ujdaq saquinu uol}e}S OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 247 NO. 2 [e1aaes pues ‘pnw rach 6822 peravea) TAOTS NISWA NOANYO OGNOddAYa UIS “DJD4S1L9 JO DIStd S3.LAaVHIA10d - + -"SWB ‘sjeWIUR JO "IA - - "Yyno ‘ajdwes jo OA pasn sea5 - + + + JuawIpas JO puly suajaw ul yjdaq gaquinu uolje}S VOL. 27 (uaye} jou) bv 9dO 9dO pnw pues ‘pnw OTe Z9T 19€2 6822 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 248 ipenunuoa) FHOTS NISWA NOANWO OGNOdda stsuatusofyvo SNASDULOLPA FW pdnd msiav. J S3LIVHIA10d - - -"Slud ‘S/PWIUe JO "3A - - "yp 'no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn sea - - - = JUawIpas yo puly siajaw ul yjydaq Jaquinu uolje}ys 249 SUBMARINE CANYONS . . OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pues ‘pnw L91 6822 penuued) AMOTS NISWH ‘NOANYD OGNOddYa ‘ds sxydnuo pluepyeur SIsuazZn49 SdaULquNn'] ‘ds stasauojiiq prynqe.no ‘ds sapyinuy ‘ds snwpydonay $ua]O “JO DISIADLT ‘ds snisiohjog pyounlsip D4ystg DIDINIDU SIBAD] ‘ds vsnuayg S4LAVHOATOd - - "Slug ‘sjeUUiUe JO "1A - - "y "no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn 1ea5 - + > + JUBUIPES JO PUlY siajaw ul yjydaq Jaquinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 250 pues ‘pnw L491 6822 perused) TAOS NISWA NOANWO OGNOdda SNYDUOLONUL SNYJaULDjOg proudjod sniqnja smoouasp snuosphxoC syapid ajayoouh jy snpodiway sapisysoia'T ‘ds auoyong¢ ppyvo vy) prteqez93 ‘ds ordsouotig S43LSVHIAT1Od - + -"SlUB ‘S|PLUIUR JO “IM - - "yo 'no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 4ea5 - > > > JUBWIPES 4O PUlY suajaw ul ujdaqg Jaquinu uol}e}s OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 251 NO. 2 pues ‘pnw Z9T 6822 won) TAOTS NISWA ‘NOANYO OGNOGAY paifriond sisdosstug payin mpoiyduy uelmyjo[oy p103sho.10 bamydwy ipuasuno} 4a4sDs1.1g pyoupnbs syoydiydwy xpjdojfisuoys snjdoyduy pyoysip Dporyduy SWYSGONIHDF ‘ds piophjog pyoyidvdoau psnsayd ‘ds ordsouotsg SA.LAVHIA10d - = -"SlUB ‘S|BLUIUR JO "YA - - ‘Yo "no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn sea5 - - - - JuaguIpas jo puly Suajaw ul yjdaq JOquUINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 252 9dO pues ‘pnw Z9T 6822 (penunuos) THOS NISWA NOANWO OGNOdda SNVJ90VLSNYD Dysapouad DI]A4N1 pjnyoif Lossofruy DIULOf{yDI ajaupy paifiond Dyjaann1xvg $1aysesoua]os snjon11as Dprsdouxy ‘ds mysofayooy ‘ds pusapojanyI04g puapodn muppidsny yyns siq0g pyoho purysojuopy SYSNTION - + -"SWB ‘S]BLUIUR JO “YA - - ‘yy no ‘ajdwes jo OA pasn 1ea5 - - > = }UBWUIPES JO PUlY Suajaw ul yjdeq yaquinu uol}e}S 253 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 diym vas ‘ds wmiyoviqouo jw ueLre YUeLIVO 9dO pues ‘pnw L9T 6822 worsen) COTS NISWVA ‘NOANWO OGNOd3Y sprynoundis plom1yoe 19430 Sapojad snqojo1.4sv'] SY3HLO poyfiond myjasopngy SpooR.1]sO ‘ds puyonivhy] ‘ds mryyoury spodost SNV39VLSNYD - - -"Swd ‘S}PLUIUe JO "YMA - - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jon pasn 1ea5 7 + + JuauIpas $O PUly suajaw ul yjdaq Jaquinu uol}e}Ss VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 254 pues ‘pnw Z9T 6822 (penmucy) TOTS NISWA ‘NOANWO OGNOdda uvo}IoWleu SYaHLO - + -"SWB ‘S}ELUIUR JO "1A - - ‘y'no ‘ajdwes jo "joA pasn 1ea5 - + + + JUaWIpas jo pUuly siajaw ul yjdaq yaquinu uolje}S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN No. 2 ZT 9dO pues ‘pnw Z91 6822 wenuseo) FAOIS NISWA ‘NOANWO OGNOda4u suoultoadg saetoadg STIVLOL suswtoeds satoads SYSHLO suawtoadg sotoads SNV390VLSNYO suewtvedg setoadg SYSNTIOW suswtoedg satoedg SWYAGONIH9A suawtoadg satoadg S43LAVHOA10d JO SYA8WNN - = -"SW8 ‘S}ELIUP JO A - - ‘yond ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn Jea5 - + = + JuawIpas yo puly Siajaw ul y}dag Jaquinu uoljze}s VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 256 mADUYIag ‘ISLDS aUDP]DW psojid vpoig ‘ppyjod piyjoN Sixauuyay ‘aqyouhysy¢ pisdosstiq sjeuue Aueus ‘sjjoys speutrue Aueul ‘sijays UBIOFIUIWIEIOF JIM pnUur UBIOFIUTUIBIOF YIM pNul payin piporyduy “‘IsuDS QUDp]DW speunue Aueur ‘seqny Appnut ‘syjeys ubIOsIUIWIeIO; Spnul Apues Dyeoj4D ‘pyoyisip viporyduy ‘pasod srydnuc pdnd msiaps J sduiny Axem ‘spewue Aueur ‘ayqqni ATjeys ‘squo}s ‘pues ‘pnut Av.i3 perms) TOTS NISWA ‘NOANYO OGNOGA4Y satoads snonoidsuoo Jo JuBpunge 4soy sotoeds }soZ1e'T sdulua—a.0s 94} JO SorstiajoReyD yaquinu uolje}s 257 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Dpipudo DANSSOT) purq “ds pjjaounuy pues ‘pnw SIZ 9Lbc siajeul [GZ 0} ‘NWI NOANWO OCNOdd4a pyDjNIvJUa} syphsossiouy sruofiun DJaUDjaUaYyIs Prleqes DIDINIO SYIDAB S1UODID age snjoouai snuosphxoO ‘dds stzautuqunT] snyoupiqoyy SNJSDULO.1349 FY ppyvo vyy0D ‘ds DIJAYIOIXY Jo auawhjong sprpnqeso ‘dds vapiiuy S3LAVHIA10d - - -"SWd ‘S}EWIUR JO YM - - "y‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, - - - pasn 1ea5) - - JUaWIPEs JO PUlY suajaw ul yjdaq 4aquinu uo0l}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 258 pyouuid ordsouoiig SNJDUOLINUL snYyzaUDjOg ‘ds piophjog snjoovuly snsajdojanysoy hyd Diqn]s 20104d pues ‘pnw SIZ 9Lv2 (penuyue) SI9JOU [GZ 0} ‘NWI NOANWO OCNOddAa ‘ds ayoouwonn¢ ‘ds auppjvW 1NoyDYISN DapPIIAy suajgauup addishT SISUAZNAI S1LIULIQUNT snpodimay sapi4yooiaT pauunig Dppwo0r ‘ds snjnqosu19 S3.L4VHIA10d - - -"SWB ‘S|eWIUe JO “3M - - ‘Ye 'no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn 1ea5 - - - = }UBLUIPES JO PUlY suajaw ul yj}deqg yaquinu uoljze}S 259 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘ds srydnuo pluepyeut ‘ds sixauuyawe¢ proudjod prnjoid Jo poyiand s1401d pHereydue pypjnaouv saupydoids ‘ds auoyong S60 9dO pues ‘pnw GIZ 9Lv2 (ponunuep) SIBJOU [GZ O} ‘NVI NOANWO OCNOdda sdanaaiq syphsouysiouy ungopfur Dud asquvog voyrond swuif[p 0) a]]1XD.4g S3LAVHIA10d - - -"Swd ‘S}EUHUR JO “}M - - ‘y no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA pasn 1ea5 - - - Jualwipas jo puly - - - = Sdajzaw ul yydeg Jaquinu uol}e}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 260 ‘ds stasauopiid ‘ds syphsousiouy pyouquy saupydoids D}D]D DIStd simuaq tu ‘snqooidojDjag pues ‘pnw SIZ 9Lv2 (penuyaeg) SIBJBU [GZ OF ‘(NWI NOANYWO OCNOddua pyUOposajay DuUYayW ppodorysun.ig ‘9 paaohyy ‘ds auawmhjong ‘ds auozojany) pypjnzo1g vyjhwosiyduy ‘dds siajniydwy pypyoub.qoydnos siajniyduy ‘ds saupydoidg S3LIVHIA10d -"SWB ‘S|PWIUP JO “\ - - ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - pasn seas - JuaWIpas yO PUly - Suajaw ul Yyjdag - JaquINU UO!}e1S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pues ‘pnw SIZ 9Lv2 (penuuop) SIOJOU [GZ OF ‘NVA NOANWO OCGNOdd4u pesaAoo-Aryo [Jews “UIeTO [Tews ‘podonses pjsapouiad vain ‘ds DULLA POJIDYIOL 10}Se BOUA|OS Jo uossi4ydojjpjshag pynqouf{ Lossofruny SYSNTION ‘ds njdpuhsojdaT¢ Iejseas sisuayjol wnisnwoiydoO 1aao] Xhuosajsy sproinrydo SWHYAGONIHDS -"Slud ‘S|EWIUE JO "}M - - "y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 4ea5 - - - = JUBWIPAS JO PUlY suajew ul yjdag Jequinu uolje}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS N N pues ‘pnw GIL 9Lv~ penuyneo) SIBJ@UI [GZ 0} ‘NWI NOANYO OCNOddia promryoa podiydure SNV4OVLSNYD pow4ofy09 Di4oput J, pyouommnua} phiwojowiaqd unjnpyjod wnpopshwy 1ayuyoy snjnpog podoydeos SYSNTION - - -"SWd ‘S}eWiUe JO "1M - - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "joA pasn 4ea5 - > - = pUBWIPES $O PUuly suajaw ul ujdaq Jaquinu uol}e}s 263 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN N NO. pues ‘pnw SIZ 9Lb2 (penuymoo) SIBJOU [GZ OF ‘NWI NOANWO OGNOdda Dpiqi? PIPUIOLD ysnaudo.19}uUe SYSHLO - - -"SWd ‘SJELWIUR JO “}A - = "y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jon pasn 4ea5 - + - - JuauWIpas JO puly suajew ul yydaq daquinu Uodl}eySs VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 264 pues ‘pnw STZ 9Lv~e (ponunuop) SIOJOUI [GZ OF ‘NWA NOANWO OGNOda suowtoads setoeds STVLOL suowloedg satoeds SY3SHLO suswtoeds satoedg SNVS9VLSNYD suautoads setoedg SYSNTION suswtoadg soloedg SWYAGONIH9F sueultoads setoedg S3LIVHIA10d JO SYASWNN - - -"SWd ‘S|EWIUR JO "yA - - ‘Yy'no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn iea5 - - - - JuawIpas JO Puly suajaw ul yj}deg 4aquinu Uol}e}S 265 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 suajaauuD addishT] sppereydue snyjaupjo DIDDY vjsig |uNIpavgozZ1YyIS2| wnisnworyd Y d D) d P YISd ! 420 sjeurue spewrue aytfuniom | ‘sduiny Araputo | sfeutrue ‘stuqep| IIS UT speujue ‘s}sa} | pue Axe M ‘S}S9} Apoom ‘s}so} UBIOFIUTUIBIOF| UBIOFIUTWIPIOF sjpeunue yy pnur *s}s9} UBIOFIUTULEIOJ ‘pnur yourq| UesexruTUIeI0; faguods snosoryis snjnyping | ysnaudo1ezue promryoo ‘diy vas sjeuue Auvut spewue “s}S9} oyfuLIom | UBLazTUTULeIOF yi pnul snooreoyeo use13 Ayorys|pue snovoevuere sajoods yuepunqe ysnaudosayue Jo snonordsuoo soy sa1oads jsas1e'] $}S9} UBIOFIUTULLIOJ ‘speurTue OyTTWLIOM ‘saqny Appnu sBUIU9—IOS 94} jo sonjstiajoereyo, JaquiNU UO!}e}S (ponayweg) S1OJOU [GZ OF ‘NWI NOANWO OGNOdSa VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 266 s1ajeUI 08 0} 694 ‘NWd NOANWO OGNOdd¥u SY3HLO SYSNTIOW ajdind y.1ep “ds sisautuquny Japueys AoA “ds stasauopiid¢ ‘ds addish7 ppypvo vyyoD ‘ds pyjaounuy sdaniaaq syphsoujsiouy poyrovd s1j04d SnjoonNUy snsajydozanysoy hyd S4LAVHIOA10d - - -"SwB ‘sjewiue jO "iA - - "yno ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn sea5 - + - = JuawiIpas jo puly Siajaw ul yydag 4aquinu uol}e}S 267 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ve 9dO (eamiuoo) SLOJOUI QOS °} 694 ‘NWA NOANYWD OGNOddu asuods snovorpis SYaHLO - - -"sw8 ‘sjewiue jo yA - - "ye no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jOA pasn sea - > JuaWIpas jO Puly suajaw ul yjdag daquinu uolj}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 268 sisjaul 008 °F 694 ‘NWI NOANWD OGNOdda suawtoads satoadg suoutoeds satoedg suoultoedg setoedg SYSNTION suowtoads satoadg SWYAGONIHD3S sueutoedg satoeds S3LAVHIA10d 4O SYaSWNN - - -"SWS ‘sjewiue JO “}A - - ‘Yno ‘ajdwes jo "|OA pasn uea5 - - - = JuawIpas jo puly suajew ul yjdaq Jaquinu uolje}S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 saqn} sniajzdoq ‘pnur usei3 Aer saqn} sn1ajzdo4 $}S9} ‘We1OJ $}S9} “We10j saqn} peap avysonfiyg “sure1oy |-avysoqjhyg “sure1oy | ‘snsazdojzavyooqjhiyg ‘sauo}s Alapulo | sntazdojapysopfiyg ‘s}sd} “UUB1OJ ‘pnur Aeis-anig jo saqny ‘pnul useid Ayors ® s4yO1g Jo saqny ‘pnut AesB-anjq (pensnued) SI9JIUI QO8 °F 694 NWiI NOANWO OCGNOdd4a saroads yuepunge JO snonordsuoo jsoyy soroads jsad ie] sBulua—10S ay} JO SoIstia}OBIeYD Jaquinu uolj}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 270 siajoul €¢g OF 808 NWdI NOANWO OdCNOddd ppodoryoupiq pyondvs vsaohy ‘dds vapruy Dyoryoub.qoydovos sajnyduy S3.LAVHIA10d - - -"SWd ‘S}EWUIUE JO “3A - - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn seas - > > yuUaUIpPas 40 PUlY siajew ul yjdeq yaquinu uolj}e}S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 (penauwed) SI9JIU EGY 0} 8O8 NWI NOANWO OGNOdda plynoundis SYAHLO pnqosf sossofrury Dsapouiad DAA W SYSNTION - - -"SWB ‘S}eWIUe JO "yA - - "yo "no ‘ajdwes 40 "jo, pasn ieay - - - Juawipas jo puly suajaw ul yydaq Jaquinu uolj}e}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 212 (penunuea) SIBJOUI EGB 0} SOS ‘NWI NOANWO OCGNOddAe suewutoeds setveds suowitoedg sotoedg suowtoeds setoed Snvaovisnuo suewtoeds satoads SYSNTION suowitoads satoeds SWYAGONIHIDS suaultoeds setoads S3LIVHIA10d 4O SYSEWNN - - -"Swd ‘S}BWIUe JO “IM - - "yn ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn 4ea5 - - > JUBWIPES JO PUlY suajew ul yjdag saquinu u0l}e}S NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 273 Soqny $1401] 9 snsajdojyavysop hyd “SUuIvIO} “pnuL saqn} $1701g » sniajdojzavys0)) hyd “SUILIO} ‘pnul usets saqny sniazdojzavysoq hyd “SUR IO} “pnuL Apues saqn} s1j01g y snsajdojzavy20) hyd “sule1o} ‘pnul AjyIs asuods snoaoiyis “SWLIOM “suIeIo} ‘pnul use13 snjooruy snsajdojavysoy hyd suULIOM ‘pnur Apues ‘siigap Apoom pue yueyd saqn} snsajdojapysoy hyd “surelo} ‘pnul AjIIS 1puasuMo} 4a};SDS14g Dysapoutsad DAs} REDONDO CANYON FAN, 808 to 853 meters ‘continuea) % 5 : = 6 : “ a 8 o-e o ra & =i) 2 c= 9 oe, A iy go Aaa 2 5 oo an 2x re) ce & & Bite! = Ae BD mE © ie =| OR S ” Og — =a VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 274 Simi. DUDNIGUD DsBdA} aD a] + ci wo Daudjisp9 syjhyauary DUDILWIWUD ADNUNT me ppnug siasauopiig DIDINIYAD Dapp}LALOG N a ‘ds 10 Dyou.o viqodoiq ‘ds 10 ppipupoa binsso) pyouuid p1a0]y) DIDULLD QUOZOJADYD DSOJaSj AUOZOJaDY) poyiond vapiniuy S4.LAVHIA1O0d - -"Swwd ‘S[eWIUe JO "1M - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn 4ea5 pnw ‘pues I - - JUBWIPas JO PUuly 907 suajew ul yjdaq O9TZ 4aquinu UO!}e}S AATIWA WdS OUddd NYS SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 na -"SWB ‘S|EWIUE JO “YMA "y "no ‘ajdwes jo "jOA pesn sean - - JUaWIpas jo puly - - - Sua}aW Ul YJdag Jequinu uol}e}S (pened) RATIWA WAS OWddd NWS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 276 pnw ‘pues 90 O9TZ (penmmed) RATIWA WHS Odddd NWS sisuayjaand snwo.sporydC [a seein SUBISAPIA DILYIO NT pypuosiads AYIDULOIIN S3.LAVHIA10d - -"SUd ‘S]ELUIUe JO “1M - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes jo "JOA aspoip pesn iea5 - + qualUIPas $O Puly siajow ul yjdeq yequinu uolje}S ia | SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pnw ‘pues 90v O9TZ worms) KATIWA WAS OWdAd NYS tuaisuou ordsouotg S3.LSVHIAT0d -"SW ‘S[EWIUR JO "yM "yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA pasn 4ea5 - - JUSWIPSS jO PUly - - - SJa}aw ul! yjdaq JequiNu UOl}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 278 Suppuow xhsvy J, 1120448 sapiyjaqgasa J, aa ae stsuauorssiu saupydords Dyafuoo vshydinp is mo > -_= - DIDLMNNAG SAULLqun'T ‘ds muayysppidaT S3L4VHOA10d - -"SWUB ‘S}EWUIUL JO "yA - "Ye no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jOA pasn sea5 pnw ‘pues ! - - - JUaWIPas Jo puly 900 A - - - - Ssajzaw ul yjdeg O9TZ 4aquINU UO!}e}S won) AITIVA WHS OUdAd NWS 219 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ae cd = er ee ee aye[nonar “ds aoyjouww YY eo DIsngoly DAB] er I Bee DNULOfYDIE 2U0dIT [== (ea i Sree Lo Sai SSS a egies ‘ds sapyinuy DDUOLONUL slajnYydwy S3LIVHIA10d - -"Sld ‘S}eLIUe JO "1A - "y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘}OA pasn seas - > > JUBLUIPSS $O PU! sia}aw ul yjdeq JequiNuU UOI}e}S (pened) AATIWA WAS OWddd NWS ~ N ra fo) 5S HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS ALLAN 280 ‘ds 194}0 ‘sapyywuy snjoonuy sniajdojzanysopy hyd stusissp shyydan S3LAVHIA10d - -"SwWs ‘S}eWIUe JO "1M - "yn ‘ajdwies jo "jon - - - - pasn seas pnwi ‘pues I } - - - JUBWIPaS yo pUuly 90 - - - - = - Suajaw ul yydag O9IZ = = + Jaquinu voles (penmimed) RATIWA WHS Oudddd NYS 281 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 + =! Sn] BV 99 pnw ‘pues 90v O9TZ wenumuos) KATTIVA WHS OUddd NWS snyoudsqo] sngspUuLosa4a H safynsapyds¢ uniproposavyds ‘dds ordsouoid S3.LAVHIA10d -"SWB ‘S}EWIUR JO “yA "y "no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - - + + = pasn seas juswIpas jO Puly - Suajew ul y}deq - gaquinu uol}eys VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 282 pnw ‘pues 90+ O9TZ rox) KATIWA WAS OUdAd NYS psopid ppvig S3.LAVHIA10d - -"SWS ‘S|EWIUR JO “YM - "yo "no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 1ea5 - - > JuBUUIPEs JO PU!y suajow ul yjdeqg JEquN UO!I}E}S 283 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 (pene) RATIWA WAS OUddd NWS SYDILAquIN) aYyoDWOIIN J ‘ds xhuvy T, ‘ds ordsouong spluepyeut ppodoryoup.q pyopdvos piaoh}y stuaip snupydonsy ‘ds 10 snpyjod saupydords ‘ds psnsayd pi4qydeu 12L00UL SixauUYya W ‘ds vosiav'] S3LAVHIA10d - -"SWB ‘S}EWIUe JO “3A - "yn ‘ajdwes jo "jon pasn sear - > > qUBIPaS JO PUlY - + - SJa}aw ul ydaq 4equinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 284 (penned) RATIWA WAS Odddd NYS aspaip pnw DUDILAUWD ipunjsso19 Djpydaz0}0.4a) DIpuynjuaoss Iu ‘siphso.jsiouy ‘ds auoy) S4.LAVHIA1O0d "SWB ‘S|ELUIUR JO “MA ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo “jOA pasn 1ea5 - > JuaWIpas JO Puly - - - Sua}yow Ul Yyydeq Jaquinu u0i}e}S 285 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pnw ‘pues 90 O9TZ (pond) KATTIWA WHS OWddd NYS slaap] smapuoynyduy supaiqyp vjdpufisojdaT piafyndodopnasd Diguipjuad ipuasuMo} 4ajspsiig xpjdopisuo.ys snjdoiydwy Dyjubopydup pyjuvonyduy ‘ds saupydoids S3.LAVHIA10d - -"SWB ‘S|PLUIUR JO "JM - "ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jOA - pasn seas - JUBUUIPES JO PUY suajew ul yjdeq Jequinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 286 ‘eUl el wunnpyjod wnjopshuy — SYSNTION (i el cece - -"Sw ‘sjewiue JO yA - "yno ‘ajdwes jo "|OA Sy eat ienteia sae pasn 1ea5 - - > JUBLIPSS JO PUly - - - - SJajew ul yjdeq be eo 1 SO 4equinu UO!}e}S (penmnwen) RATIWA WAS OUddd NWS 287 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Pomme) KATIWA WAS OUdAd NYS ‘ds xpfhuosdwoy $19}SeB0Us[0G ‘ds pupjnonn SYSNTION -"SWd ‘S}EWIUe JO “YA "ye no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn seas - > JUBWIIPSS jO Puly - + - Sua}aw ul YWdagq Jequinu uoleys VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 288 (pesmi) KATIWA WHS OUddd NWS ‘ds puyooivhiyy ‘ds myyouy spodost spodiydure SNV39VLSNYO Dsapousad Daz W ‘ds mysofayooy 40]001q pssiydwuy ‘ds DULLAPOJaDYIOL SYSNTION - -"SWB ‘S|BWIUR JO “IAA - "ye ‘na ‘ajdwes jo ‘jOA pasn seas - > > qUBWUIPES JO PUlY - - - - Ssa}owW ul yjdaqg sequinu uo0l}e}S 289 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 OVvI<| OV &9 eee ee BE pel mee ase fw ie SS each eee ‘ds Sn]NjD1IGada +) SYSHLO duntiys ysoys qeio uRmMsoRUl ‘ds sidspjidwuoy ppionyad syhysniqd suvaoeuund pyyesdeo preur} T SNV39VLSNUD -"SW ‘S|PWIUR JO "1M - "Ye no ‘ajdwies jo "jo, - + + = pasn seay pnw ‘pues ! - - - JuaWIpas Jo puly 900 - - - - Ssajaw ul yjdaq O9TZ - - = = = JaquUINU UO!}E}S (penuved) KATTIWA WHS OWUddd NYS ™ N 4 o) > (a Pea ae | | bel fie Ee [oa iced Ee Lea ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 290 oO & Cs) afd , 5 6E (£33) BV 99 pnw ‘pues 90¢ O9TZ (pentnee>) RATIWA WAS OUddd NWS uelIeyjUuelied a}aeYyoostjog azeypided Ajasreoo ‘promryoo Ysyaey SUJHLO -"SWB ‘S|PLUIUE JO “JAA "Y no ‘ajdwies 40 *jOA - - + - pasn seas - > JuaWIpPas jO PUly - - - Suajew ul yjdeq 4equiNU UO0!}e}S 291 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 (penunued) KATIWA WHS OUddd NYS setoedg SNVA90VLSNYD setoeds SWYAGONIHD3 sotoedg S43LIVHIAT10d 4JO SY3S8WNN - -"Swd ‘S|EWIUe JO YM - "y‘no ‘ajdwes 40 }OA pasn sea5 - > - JUaWIPES JO PUlY - - - Sua}ew ul yjdeq Jequinu uo!}e}S SAN PEDRO SEA VALLEY (Continued) Pama eae ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 speumue ayULOM YIM pnul asuods snovoryis aoe1] ‘youd umoIq yep prey 03 [Gey SULIOM ‘SLIqeap Appnul sugap jueyd yoryq ‘sduny Axem ‘saqn} pouaxor[q sulioM ‘spisdoss1iq ‘apuods snovoryis SULIOM ‘s}UDUIBe IF [[PYS ‘sdumy Axe ‘siapuro suliom ‘spisdosstiq ‘suetoy -luTure10j ‘stigap Appnut suLIOM pue seqn Appnur SULIOM “D}IPIDD ‘Dpa'T ‘pssiyduy ‘snjnppD peep sysnyjour ‘suLIOM ‘sdumy Axem “wnypzuaqd ‘snjnppy “pues ‘][eys pnui ‘sutiom ‘sprsdosstiq pnur ‘sui0m ‘spromrydo SWIOM pue saqn} ‘suqep Appnul Station number - - - - - Characteristics of the screenings duitrys jsoys ‘uea}iowou siaysesoua[os ‘addishT ‘sapiuyooiay suajoauup addishT spruords snjnyoigaiay “pisdosstiq ‘suajaauup addish'T 1puasumo} 4a}sDsig pyiposydy 4ajspsiig ‘ajziyouhysy ISDS QUDP]D p14pu1j09g “‘D1a0]YyD ‘aupp|DW pyounisip Dysig “D1a0q] yD SNJSDULOL9JO HY ‘maoqy) ‘msDu1399g DJAADIXDS “D1sDU1IIAg saupydoids ‘naoy) ‘ajayoouh yw IpuasuMo} JajsDsiig saupydoids ‘snijaa4 wnyDjUaq snjnypiga4aQ “prynoundis Most abundant or conspicuous species Largest species 295 es Pa ee err al tl Bre puvai.awD D1aohipy) GT = | 8] er Dpypuvd DiNssoD elas = L L SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 EL 6S'E 99 jeness ‘pnw O¢cv cSOZ jeaeis Ae\> ‘pnw 8ZT NOANYD LYOdMdIN janes Heys ‘wis TEOL suid ‘sjewiue jO MA ‘y no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - - = - pasn sea5 - yualuIpas JO puly - - Saja ul Yydag - - JaquINU UO!}e}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 294 ‘ds puojasvy DauUuNnig DpDIUO®) S3.LAVHIA 10d 9EV : ; : j ; fi ; - - -"SWS ‘sjeUIUe JO "A 6S'E : ; ; , ; : j ‘z |. - -y-no ‘aidwes yo “Jo, 99 - +--+ ++ + - pasn ueay ‘pnw natns | ° > - JU@WIpas Jo puly O02v OI |- - - - - Sda}ow ul ujdaq cSOZL T€OZ |- - - - - zaquinu uolje}S (penu@eD) NOANYOD LYOdMAN 295 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Lod RE et} OT |SPTe | +89T tuaisuypu ordsouoiig Diafus19 ordsouorg 312 jone3 jenesB ‘pnus ' Ae\> ‘pnw H : Heys ‘WIS O2v 8ZT 91 cSOL TEOL (pend) NOANYO LYOdMAN ‘ds 10 voyfjond ‘vp vyayixvsg DIVINIDUL SIB.AD}1q ‘ds pprung¢ p1a901d 81a.19N S43.LAaVHIA10d -"SlWd ‘S]EWIUR JO "yA "y no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - - - - = pasn ueay yuaUIpas jO Puly - suajaw ul yjydeq - JOqUINU UO!}EYS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 296 SISUIZNLI SLLAULLQUN'T DINID S1MaULLqUN'T yaanvfg vyopuvoy (Penunu0>) NOANYD LYOdMIAN pyoyof anuovT] pyopidna Ayyaryo ‘piaohyy pysnqgo.s Diaohpyy (+00 |(‘09ds ‘dnp ‘sayaeyoAqod ) Dyvjassaq Xhavy J suuppuow xhsvy J, ‘ds snansdaja J, ‘ds suyjauayis StULLOfiun D}JaUDjaUaYyyS pyouuid ordsouoi.g S3.LAVHIA10d 6'Lb |- - -‘Sw3 ‘sjewiue jo yA IS'z |; - Yond ‘ajdwes jo jo, 99 Se) se - POSMeas) niusans f > ° > JUaWIPeS yo PUly oI | - - SJajaw ul YyjJdag TEOZ |- - - - - 4aquinu uoe3s 297 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 DIDLNINGUO] DwuayysppidaT ddsqns vzop1dv9 pyanidpy xaput SaULquny S4ALIVHIATOd 9EV Ter 6'Zv |; - -‘sw3 ‘sjewlue jo "yA 6S'€ 8E'S ; i Igz |- - ‘Y‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, 9) 99 90 -- + + + = - pasn ueay tpnuu ke\> ‘pnw anes .|- - - - juawipas yo pury O0cv 8ZI OI |- - Sdajow ul Yy}daqg cSOZL Te€Oz |- - - - - 4aquinu uolj}e}S (penuved) NOANYO LYOdMAN tI N 4 o) > ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 298 janes ‘pnw Ocv cSOZ (Pen) NOANYWO LYOdMIAN jones Heys ‘31S oT TEOL DUDIWAWD aNnuN| ppnu siasauojiiq DIDjNINY4AD Day}IAaLoq DjouI0LGnN4 DYaYOIXY sisuanapou sapiwuy ‘ds 10 pynsquy sauvydords thajaysaq syBu0]1q Dauuad QOULN © ‘ds s1a4aN ‘ds shzydan S3.LAVHIA10d - - -"SWUB ‘S}ELUIUR JO “YM - - "Yy"no ‘ajdwes jo "jOA pasn sea5 ‘= - JUaWIpPES JO PUY suajaw u! yj}daq Jequinu uol}e}S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Sef Sear an Spee a ee 31112470] SHoupquin’y sqsuaiusofyDo SUIULQUNT DjaDYI01AJ9Y DIsuDYy1aaguv’] ioe | sypuaanl nioaounvh yy ‘ds 10 staan] qouosadsayy S4.LAVHIA10d - - "SW ‘S|ELUIUe JO "YM - - ‘yn ‘ajdwes 40 "jOA are ' ! nous ssf 7 7 7: JU@WIPASs yO PUuly O¢cv 91 suajew ul ujdeq 2504 T€OZ 4aquinu UO!}e}S (penn) NOANYOD LYOdMIAN VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 300 vit 6S'€ 99 99 j9ae8 ‘pnw 0cr eS0Z (penta) NOANWD LYOdMAN ‘ds snsnoosy] ayemones “ds goyjzowsn HY DUDILLIUD “9 Djpydas0q041a) Dyoyuapisvdsyp siyohsy wn fur puidasqyvas Diadyuw apurshyy pynyoubiquund pposg quojsuyol DsowLoY J, DYYIUDIGISSDIO DULOS0]G9135 aaa Diqnd01419} sy]aUuaYy1S i = e = = : ‘ds 10 pyonbsopg aurpoyy S3LIVHIA10d 6'Lv |- - -‘Swa ‘sjeuiue jo “yAA Is'z |- - ‘yn ‘ajdwes jo “jo, 99 pasn ieas wens | > > > JUaIPes yo PUlY 9I suajew ul yjdeq TEOZ 4aquUINU UO!}e}S 301 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 EL 6S'€ 99 jeaesB ‘pnw Ocv cSO0Z pommes) NOANWO LYOdMIN ‘ds 10 ‘Dunixaag srydnuo SINUd] SNISDULO}O NY Dypuuid D1a0]4D studissp shyydany wwa044s sapyjaqasa J, snjooruiy snsajdojapysop yg suaasapidt DLLYION S4LAVHOA10d 6Lv | - -'sws ‘sjewiue jo 1M IS'z |- - ‘YH ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, 959 pasn 1ea5 yous ais [7 7 * }UBWIPAS 4O PUly 9T suajew ul 4yjydeq TEOL 4aQquUINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 302 6 LY 1S i4 99 jenes8 ' ‘pou H 1 aati Ocv = moe TEOL wense3) NOANWO LYOdMIN ‘ds umouyun ‘ordsouotsg ‘ds ajaysouhy ds mjayixv4d (gsngowpy) ‘ds siding Dpyyod n14y,0N DyD]JNUUD DpriUos DIDINAHID (1) Dapinesy | sajspdojnp aupdhyjowwy supjaasa snupydonsy 1SSDq "JO SaULquinT ‘ds snupydonay¢ S3.LAVHIA10d - - -"SWS ‘S}PWIUE JO “IY - - ‘yo no ‘ajdwes jo OA pesn seas - - - - JUaWIPaS JO PUuly Suajaw ul ujdeg dJequinu ules 303 n Z ie) s vA < Oo a) Z -4 < a ioe] =) n bd OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘ds pyjayjoixy 10 eeeehiaoe tf ete | sor ee fg Ee * ‘ds mjjaouyuy S3.LaVHIAT0d EV 6S'€ 99 jenes3 ‘pnw O2v eS0Z G8 > JUaWIPES yo Puly 91 suajaw ul yjydag TEOZ 4aquinu UO0!}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 304 ‘ds paqupaT ‘ds sasauojuqg Dpyvo vifyj0D S3LAVHOA10d 1 be - - -"sulud ‘sjewiue JO "JM - - ‘Ye "no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA Sis ic east == ca pasn 1ea5 - - - - JUaWIpas yO Puly jeness Heys ‘BIS (ey) | ssajow ul yjydaq jeaesa ‘pnw Ocv cSOZ TEOZal a ae 4aquinu u0di}e}S wena) NOANWO LYOdMAN 305 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 janes ‘pnw Ocv cSOZ (penunte>) NOANYWO LYOdMAN pyjuvopyduip pjupomyduy 6'LY -"SWd ‘S|EWUIUE JO “YA Is’z |- - ‘YW no ‘ajdwes 40 "jo, 99 pasn 1e95 busts f 7 7 7 JUBWIPAS JO PUIM oI suajew ul y}deq TEO0L saquinu u0l}e}S VOL: 2/7 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 306 janes ‘pnw Ocv cSO0Z (pentnte>) NOANWO LYOdMAN janes Heys ‘Ws 91 TEOL quaag] xhuosajsy SWYSGONIH9D4 -"Suud ‘S[PWIUR JO “LA ‘Yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - + + + + - pasn seas - JuaUIpas JO PUly - - SuajowW ul yJdeg - gaquinu u0l}e}S 307 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 jones ‘pnw Ocv cSOZ (penu0>) NOANWO LYOdMAN snqpotsas ppisdouxy ‘ds pyuogin Id DSO19GN} I DIAL W ‘ds pyadupy ‘ds wmuopdgq sisuasarp myjauyoy ho Trews ‘spodonses DIDULLDI DAL W singuidiad smiipssp.N pyvjao90j9und uoaz0V SYSNTION - = -"SlWws ‘S]eWIUe JO "IA - - ‘yo no ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn 4ea5 ee. |; > > > Ju@WIpas yO puly ot sigjew ul yj}deq TEOZL Jaquinu UO!ze}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 308 ED 6S'E 99 janesB ‘pnw Ocv cSO0Z janes Ae\o ‘pnw 8ZT (peste) NOANWO LYOdMAN unuospxayoau unypjuaq ‘ds snjnpop ‘ds pausspfiy poyrond DjaavnxDs ‘ds mysofaysoy snosip puojdiiag wnsopifiquaa wn1p4s090ULa N| SUMofipjofig DuodD yy ‘ds paurT¢ Dyvssnaap DYJaUaLD Duvydmpqns xpfiwosdwo,y snyoannyyy] shwmy od SYSNTION - = -"SWUB ‘S|ELUIUP JO “A - - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pesn sea5 sit tik - - JuaWwIpas jo puly oI sua}ew ul y}daq I€0Z - = - JEGUINU UO1}E}S 309 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 jeness ‘pnw Ocv eSOZ pensnves) NOANWO LYOdMAN janesa neys ‘Ws 91 TEOL -"SWB ‘SJBWIIUR JO “IAA ‘yy no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - - + pasn 4ea5 - JuaIpas 4O Puly - - Sso}ow Ul Y}dag - JOQGUINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 310 yoyo} snynpoD pesaAoo-Aejo [Tews ‘surepo wunoyrond wmphsong DUDYSDID DJaSUOAT SYSNTIONW - - -"SWUB ‘S|JELUIUR JO “JM - - "yino ‘ajdwes jo "|OA RIS: aa oc be pasn uea5 - - - - JuawIpas jo puly Heys ‘ds or t+ ---- suajaw ul yjdaq TEOAI = = 4aquinu uolje}S (penmnt0>) NOANWO LYOdMAN 311 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 $njzpjnIv0 snxoydo.aja H sn40]n20 sndojnapryduy D1aa Dosyaduy D4D4S149 DIsyadmy DID|NUISIAa4g Dosyadwy spodiydury Jay}0 ‘qeio qeio pisseuelyeo wnjadjpog ‘pediuno sqeio piiayyouurd SNV390VLSNYD + So oO = mm N 6 Ly | - -‘Swas ‘sjewiue jo yA IS'z |- - ‘WN ‘ajdwes jo "jo, Hh) | -- 2+ >> = pasn 1ea5 jenesB Heys “Ws OI l---- suajow ul yj}dag Wxoy4 |p oo 4aquiNU UO!}E}S jenesB ‘pnus Ocv cS0Z - - - - JUaWIPasS JO PUly (perm) NOANWD LYOdMIAN VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 312 jeaes3 ‘pnw Ocv cSOL (penunsos) NOANWO LYOdMAN ‘ds syfysosov yd qopidsnaig snxoydoing snwojsida snxoydving suanba.{ snxoydojap pisseuetsA] SNV30VLSNUD -"SWB ‘SJEWIUP JO “A - "Yy‘no ‘ajdwes jo joA -- + - = - pasn 1ea5 AGA - - JuawIPas Jo puly oI - - - Ssa}yaw Ul Y}deg TEOL - = = saqUINU UOI}E}S 313 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS NO. 2 payfiond nyjasopn gy ‘ds sidspjidwunp UBBOBUIND pd}e.1Ios uBVORUIND pes nidhys xu ‘syhiysmaq a a) ee Side te TE enim ee (ss Se [s(t ee See, spoor.4sQ SNVAOVLSNYD Ev Ter 6 Ly | - ~"sw3 ‘sjewiue jo YM 6S’ BES : : 1¢'z |- - ‘HY No ‘ajdwes jo jon 99 99 90 pesn 1ea5 eee 1 janes ! Meneearis - - - - JUaWIPES JO puly pousofyv9 sdosdupjua Fy Aa ~o O¢cv oI suajaw ul yjydaq cS0ZL TE0ZL saquinu uolye}S (Penunx0) NOANYWOD LYOdMIN VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 314 = i a sa[oejUa} a}BARIO Yam uerunoe winijayyide Ayrem ‘quouloue pejoruued peoiq ‘ued vas sl es os ee SiS Ss ee ee ee spodedoy SNV490VLSNYD - - -"SWUB ‘S}eWIUe JO "YM - - "yno ‘ajdwes jo "|OA pasn 1ea5 neys sf 7 7 7 JUBWIPAS JO PUlY oT suajew ul uydeg TEOL saquinu uolje3ys (renenae>) NOANWO LYOdMAN 315 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 9 EL 6S'€ 99 jenes3 “pnw Ocv cSOZ a oe unipap90z1YyISé ae [ xe] o| eames a prnoundis prointyoo SYAHLO eee eri Ter 7 i ; 6 LV -"Suus ‘SjeWIUe JO “3A\ 8E'S ; ‘ : F sz "yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, 99 99 > > - - pesn sea5 jenesB ius a8 juawi|pas jo puly oT - Suajaw ul yjdag TEOZ |- - JaQUINU UO!}E}S wenanseo) NOANWO LYOdMAN VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 316 eee ee ee hie zoe |tes |ceet suowyoadg soroedg SIVLOL suowroeds soroedg SUaHLO suowpoedg sorood 9 Ev 6G & 99 jenem ‘pow Oév eg04 suowyoodg seroedg SYSNTIOW suowyoedg soroedg SWHY3GONIHOS lev 8e'S 99 jeneun Aeio ‘pow 841 vg0Z (Pee) NOANWO LYOdMAIN suowypoodg sotoeds SILAVHOA 10d 4O SYaSWNN SW 'SjBLUIUR JO IMA - "yn ‘ojdwes jo "OA - pesn seep » » JUBLU|pPas JO Puly - suojow uF ydeg soquinu UoNeyS No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS sie NEWPORT CANYON (continued) snsapdozavyoor fiyg sjeulrue “surei0j jo aqny ‘drym vas snosoruale ‘3s yuaaq] xhuosaysy sppereydure ‘xhsoy 7 suliom ‘soutds aZuods pue pisdossiiq ‘stayrururei0 sisdossis addishJ ‘oyasn jy Set ug sphereydure jo saqny ay, “surelo} ShosdEuere Stxaguutja yy “‘prulessepeqy “‘Dysapouuad Dain yy sjeuirue 10u30 ‘spis DuUopIT3aa DY]ABVNXVS -dossiiq ‘sugsp yuafnsc0y srydnug ‘sprsdossiiq ‘stuopsng ‘mspuizsag sjeullue 12430 “‘sprs pisdosstiq -dossiiq ‘seqny uLiIoM ‘Is “Ues}sUleu ‘anyouhysy 2 ms7u1792g 09 3 SULIOM ‘SLIGEP JUST -na00]j ‘pues Tjeys asreoo Dyounisip D3S1g wnyowUag “DiupuizIag sjeullue [euls 131}0 $njspw0s23a Sty fisoszsiouy ‘suLIoM ‘sLIgep [eorsojorq “DuDqauD 0s29f}=) ‘Dyjaunjausy3¢ “msvu1399g suLIOM TIM sLIgep Aaeay yunoure [jeuls “pysngos Diz 9h) syfisosjstouy “Duvu139ag ysneudo1s3u2 Dia f1sst9 SULIOM ‘snALQap Teosojorq ‘pysngos D129f}5) ordsououg “xhuvy yz ysneudoisjue Dia {iss SULIOM ‘SNYLQEp [eotSojorg “pysnqgos D129f}5) ordsououg “xhiny [ suliom ‘seqny pnur SnySDULOTp] Ay ‘sugqep AQis UeepeUulsu “‘nyounistp Dys1g GUuDp]D AY “MsvuizIag SULIOM JO Seqn} Suay] “‘puopnyaD DyDsnsstos Peep ‘suigep Apoom mp0 X ‘xvhtwosdwo DspuizIag sjeuntue ‘seqn} sapSDSIg Dyounistp DIS ‘sugap ATjeys ‘usissp shzydany “‘pispuiz9ag “uiniypppua ees ‘DuDuiZIag Peep ‘suqep aps ‘Appnur Uespeulsu uou N ~ ~ B =) i“ 3 -_ wo bs : ~ - oN 7 ~ x 2 ~— N ° ~ o ~ ~ = s2qSDSug SiSUBLISDI DW n~ = sjeuliue yim 7Is “‘mpauisazut Dippdjo jy ‘pyounistp 0781g + SE : a N =) ~ © 7 » 2 rs) ~ ” =) ~ piafisn9 oudsououg ‘sopdojoosojdn yy “psnssoD jsnoudo19jzue ‘uesy3uIEU Station number - - - - - Most conspicuous or abundant species Characteristics of the screenings Largest species VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 318 pnw usa 9v8 S6EL ‘eng ‘d ‘0961 ‘pavuieg pue uewy1ey Ul passnostp st ‘siajow OZPT ‘syjdep ulseq ut ‘pua usayynos oY L pnw uaai3 ‘pues vrs 66E2L pnw uaai3 ‘pues Ov8 96EL jaaesd asueoo 892 cOvd pues ‘pnw usai3 vEL €0vZ T ‘ds (puorpay) vaprouy ‘ds 10 suuppruow xhuvy J, snpyjod sauvydords >‘dsqns 10 syvopid stuoDivg sypypidhd 10 sylopid ajayoouh yj aeryourig BUC] yam “ds puuyay pueszeydure smoonmy snsajdojzanysoy hyd ppyvo vod Dyojuapisvdsip siyohsy SA.LAVHIA10d - - -"Suud ‘S}ELUIUR JO “IAA - - "yo ny ‘ajdwes jo "jo, 99 - - - pasn seay pnw uaaid - - JuaWIpas jo puly 989 siajaw ul yj}deq vOvl Jaquinu uol}e}S ,;aNd NYSZHLYON HONAYL OOdIC NYS S19 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS NO. 2 pnw uaas 908 S6EL (uaye} jou pnw usess ‘pues pnw uae3 ‘pues janes asyeoo pues ‘pnw uaad pnw uaai3 vrs Ovs 892 vEL 989 66EZ 96EL cOvd €0vZ vovd penmuoa) (NA NUAHLYON ‘HONAYL OOFId NWS poyiovd squif{o D1] a]}1xD4d Ajuo dyed ‘ds o1dso1aja poyfrond 1uaao) DjpydaI0}D1a +) Dpipuvo DINSSO() DSOWDs DAPIOUY S4LAVHOA10d - - -"Swd ‘sjeluiUe JO “MA - - "ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 1ea5 - - - > JUBWIPAS JO PUlY - SJajaW ul! Yy}deq Jaquinu uolje}s ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 320 pnw uaai3 908 S6EL ‘ds auawhpouqun 7] S4ALIVHIOA 10d - - -"SlUd ‘sjeLUIUe $0 “YMA (uaye} JOU SAaLUNIOA) - - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo "}oA pasn uea5 pnw uae3 ‘pues pnw uae ‘pues jaaes3 asueoo pues ‘pnw uaaid pnw used - - - - JuaWwIpas jo puly vvs Ovs 892 vel 989 Siajow ul yjdaq 662 96EZL ZOvd €0vZ vOvl 4aquinu UO!}L}S weamuoa) NA NUYAHLYON ‘HONGYL OOdIC NYS SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pnw uaai3 908 S6EL pyjerdeo $pooR.1}s0 spodiydure SNV39VLSNUD ‘ds uosstaydozppyshap $.19}Se30U9]0S pa om Oo> as.iRy ‘[reus pysapoutsad DJ a.17W Pe19A09-AvjO [TBWIS “UTeTO oPTYM []PUIS ‘UR[O wnoyrond wniphaovg SYSNTION -"SUUB ‘S}ELUIUR JO “}A (uaye} JOU SAaUN|OA) - - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, 99 99 99 eres ee | ELAN) pnw uaai3 ‘pues pnw uaei3 ‘pues jaaeis asueoo pues ‘pnw uaais pnw uaai3 - - JuawIpas jo puly vrs Ovs 89Z vel 989 - - - S4ajza ul yydaq 66EL 96EL cOvl £0vZ vovl 7s = = = daQGUINU UO!{E}S wpenmuo>) NA NYSFHLYON ‘HONGYL OOFIC NWS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 322 pnw usaa3 908 S6EL ueLIey}UPLIVo ‘ds sidspjfiduno01g suvaoeuIno SNV39VLSNYO - - -"sw ‘sjewiue Joy (uaye} JOU SAaWN|OA) - - "Ye 'no ‘ajdwes jo "jon pasn 1ea5 pnw uaai3 ‘pues pnw uaaid ‘pues jaaeid asueo9 pues ‘pnw usaid pnw used - + + - JuawIpas jo puly vrs Ovs8 892 vel 989 Siajaw ul yydaq 66EZL 96EL cOvd €0vZ vod AaquiNU UO!}e}S pena) NA NYAHLYON ‘HONAYL OOdId NYS 325 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pnw uaaig 9v8 S6EL (uaye} JOU SaWNjoA) pnw uaei3 ‘pues pnw uaei3 ‘pues |aaes3 asueoo vvs Ovs 892 66EZ 96EZ cOvd (penunwod) (NF NUFHLYON ‘HONAYL OOFIC NWS pues ‘pnw uaaid suawtoadg satoedg suawtoadg setoedg susutoeds satoadg SNV390VLSNYD sueultoedg satoedg SYSNTIOW suawitoadg satoads SWYSGONIH9S suawtoedg satoedsg S3LIVHIA10d JO SYSSWNN - - -"Suid ‘sjeWIUe JO “IA - - ‘ye "no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 1e35 - > > = JUBWIPES $O PUY suajaw ul yjydaq Jaquinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 324 snjnpog gqayoouhy | ‘xhavyy ‘ajayoouhpy oss = a speullue Moy ‘s[[eYs JosluTUIe 10; ‘apuods ssejs sjeurrue ‘sTjays sjeumue 19430 sjeumtue Jo];eurs sjeurrue [[eus JOJIUTULBIO} ‘sproinrydo ‘apuods sse[s sjeulue [jeus ‘sIOJIUTULeIOJ ‘asuods sse[3 ‘sluqep proonul | ‘jaAeis Avid asreoo ‘sIOJIUIWIeIOJ ‘asuods snogoryis (perme) (NA NYAHLYON ‘HONAYL OOFIC NWS sotoads snonordsuoo JO JuBpunge ysopy yeunue jsodie7] sSuTuse.i0s oy} JO SOIstia}ORIeYD 4aquinu uol}e}S 325 : SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pnw ‘pues | pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues | pues ‘}Is sajqqad ' LTS WAS, Sel pues 9v0L 6€02 EvOL NOANYD YWTIOP YW'I pnw ‘}{!S 121 8E0L DJMYIUDLGOYyaDIS siajnyduy - - -"SWd ‘sjeWiUe JO "IA - - "ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn seas yuauipas JO puly suajow ul uj}deq Jequinu UO!}e}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 326 pnw ‘pues 946 6v0ZL pues ‘pnw 62 LvOL IT 92'0 99 99 pnw ‘pues | pues ‘}Is sajqqad ‘pues LTS IZE Set 9v0L 6E0L EvOL rensvses) NOANWO WTIOL WT ‘ds DiuayysppidaT Dyoyof anu0DT ‘ds snts1908] fo°) S| a sdowd aoyzousn HY DID[NuN Iu ‘aoysousD YY snyoduoja sojdojoosojdv yy +0€ ‘dds 1940 ‘puaahipx) Gee DUuDNaWD DADA] Dupdaiawp anuny ppnug stasauopiid Duo] sta1auojid ie | Eset mes aw ead [eee S3LAVHIA1Od 818 - - -"SWB ‘S}EUIUR JO "1M v6'E - - "ye "no ‘ajdwes jo jo, 99 pasn sea5 pnw “jIs - - - + JuUawIpas jo puly Ter Sdajaw ul yjdag 8E0ZL 4equinu UO!}e}S 327 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 92:0 ; i vee 99 pues ‘}IS sajqqad ‘pues | pnwi ‘jI\Is IZ€ SET Ira 6€0Z2 EvOL 8E0Z (pennt0)) NOANWD WTIOL W'T Dypjuawaid saprutsiaN piaa0id s1a1aN pauianisaf shyydan sisuaiu.of{yDoo SNjSDULOLpA FW DvINIO W)aq Dshydiv pw sioy}0 ‘spruBpyeul iSADS QUDP]DWG payiovd puojasD IW ‘dds stuautqun'] xapur suaUliquin’y S4ALAVHOATOd - -"SlWUd ‘SJBWIUR JO “IMA - ‘y"no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, > - + - pasn sea juauipas $O PUly - Suajaw ul y}daqg - ABGUINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 T 818 v6'e Lao) pnw ‘pues | pues ‘j!s sajqqad ‘pues | pnw ‘31S 41S IZe GET Tél 9v0L 602 EvOL 8E0Z ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 328 (Penm0>) NOANWO WT1OL W'T ci N | = pyonbsong aurpoyy pyouuid or1dsouotug luaiguyou ordsouorsig DYDISILI “JO VISIT +GE > > tes — N N DIDINIDUL SIBLD}1 thajaysag sid..0]1d paqnjs 201044 syovid sYuoDsDg poyiand sypyyung sniqnjs ‘p snwo1phxEQ ‘dds pue Simua} SNysDULOJON, S3.LAVHIA10d - - -"Swd ‘sjeuIUe JO “YM - - "yno ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn seay - > > > JUBIPEsS JO PUY siajawW ul yjydeq Jaquinu u0l}e}S 329 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pnw ‘pues | pues ‘pnw DUDILAWD ‘9 moydas04v1a) pypjuapiuvdsip s1yohsy siuioip snupydonsy pypjassay xAsvy J, stuppuou xAsvy J, unipjso9 snavsdaja J, DJDINIYAD SYD]IUIYIS Stusofiun pyjauDjauayys 4osso{ sidspusajg pnw ‘pues |} pues ‘3!s $a|qqad ‘pues Z1S IZE Set 904 6€02 €v0Z pomees) NOANWO WTIOL WT pnus ‘}Is irAl 8E0L ‘ds sojdojoog sisuauoisstu saupydoids pniiquy sauvydords S| uno fur DUda.Lqyvosg S3.LAVHIAT1Od - - -"SWd ‘S}eLUIUe JO "1A - - "ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "OA pasn 4ea5 - - JuawIpas $O puly suajaw ul yjdaq Jequinu uolje}s VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 330 tuosuyol snjapyo0)1020g pyounlsip D4sig Dyoyidvdoau vsniayd sisuatusofyp9 DiuDUL4Iag saproufhjod siyipupivg Se paspd srydnuo ‘ds 10 syropis ajayoouh py = SISUIZTNLI SILOULLGULN'T DIDLMNIIG SIOULQUNT pyopidpog vsaohipy oO stuofrun auosdoxg S3.LAVHIA10d oO ce oO Sa oO 818 - - -"Suud ‘S}eWIUe JO “}A v6e 99 pnw ‘3! os rant 99 pnw ‘pues "yond ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - pasn 4ea5 - Juawipas jo puly $ajqqad ‘pues Sel €v0Z pues ‘})!s IZE 604 pnw ‘pues | pues ‘pnw Tél - - - SsajawW ul y}dag 8E0Z L41S 9v0L - = JaquNU UO!}e}S Penmnwes) NOANWO WTIOL W1 331 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘ds mipjjaqns DID]NIYouvAG stasauhyojg EF eat] = pouodol vpposydy ‘ds sapipouy tddsqns pjopdvo nyjandny MUd01]8 sapy)jaqasa v6 x pypjound oidg wnjnune unipiioposavyds ‘ds ordsouoi..g SYLODAD DIJA][IXDAg poyiand ‘vp myappixvig S3.LAVHIA10d 818 - - -"SluB ‘S}PLUIUR JO "IAA OT v6E - - ‘y'no ‘ajdwes jo "jon 99 99 >> + + + + + = pasnueay POE PHESy | PUES spn pnw ‘pues | pues ‘}I!s Sajqqad ‘pues | pnw ‘j\!s - - - + Juawipas jo puly L1G IZ€ Gel ral - - = + Suazo ul yjdaq 9v0Z 6€0L EVOL 8E0L - > > + daquinu UO!}e}S Penmne) NOANWO WTTOL WT VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 332 pnw ‘pues | pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues | pues ‘}JIs sajqgad ‘pues Z1S IZE GET 9v0ZL 6€02 €v0L (penne) NOANWD WTIOL WI pnw ‘}{!s IZI 8E0L Dpypo vyyod Dypyuapronod $1a1au0jD1a) ‘ds piophjog ‘ds snwoydonsy ‘ds aoyjhinaing ‘ds apurohyy pepeey Buoy ‘auoazq S3LIVHIA10d - -"SWd ‘S|eWIUe JO “} "ye no ‘ajdwies jo "jo, - + - + + - pasn sea5 - - yUaWIpPEs JO Puly - - - $Ja}oW Ul Yyjdag - - JEqWNU UO!}e}S ~ ~ oe) EE si =a led -s —s ES = os aa iw SS SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 > - N is o oD tot) co) ~-i ee 121 99 pnw ‘pues | pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues | pues ‘}JIs sajqqad ‘pues L1G IZ€ SEL 9v0Z 6£0Z2 €v0Z (pena) NOANWO WTIOS Wl v6'E 99 pnw ‘j!S Tcl 8E0Z ds myaypixvidd DiaflsnjoIg Dsn.sayd ppodoryoupag ‘9 D41aofipy DSOULDL DApIOUy syooid auoz0JIADY (+) SNjOOUy snsaydojanyooy} hyd ‘ds shyydan snyoupiqopy SNJSDULO1949 FI pynjassajd Dsaohyy ‘ds 1038 daap ‘sapyjaqasa | DjDIS149 AUDP]DW suajgauup addishT snpodimay sapi4yo0raT S3.LAVHIA10d "SUB ‘S}JEWIU JO "}\A "y no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA - ++ + + + pasn uea5 - - JUaWIPas JO Puly - + + SJajaw ul yjydeq - + JaqWINU UOI}E}S VOU! 2/ ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 334 pnwi ‘pues | pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues | pues ‘}JIs sajqqad ‘pues “41S 1Z€ ser 9v0ZL 6€02 €v0Z wPoneneeo) NOANWO WTIOL WT v6EE 99 pnw ‘31S 1rAlt 8E0Z xpjdojhisuo.s snjdoyduy pjouonbs syoydiydwy payin piporyduy PHrleqes SNYDWDY SId4D]1g pHoseydue DyDINNID (°)) vapwouy ‘ds auawhjong ‘ds pjojupivg ‘ds anwuopy] D4D]NIO syovAd SYUODIDg ‘ds smui0904s1495 S3LIVHIATOd - -"SWd ‘S}EWUIUR JO IA - - ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes: jo "jo, - pasn seay - - - - JUaWIPas jo puly suajaw u! y}deq JequINU UO!}e}S 335 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘dds uosstuydoypjshs5 SYSNTION yprofoy pamydo quDWLOU DYJUDIDIYdC a voyiond sisdossiag puvjaand syoydiydwy ‘ds njdpufisojdaT SNI11JUAIXA LAJSDAPUIT, = + us T quayyn] bantydC pyvishoup vaniyduy SWYAGONIHD4 818 -"SWS ‘S}PWIUR JO "IV v6'e 99 pnw ‘j!s GT OT 99 $ajqqgad ‘pues SEI E€vOL "y no ‘ajdwes jo jo, -- + + + + pasn 4ea5 - - yuawiIpas jo puly pues ‘}/!S ILE 6E0Z pnwi ‘pues | pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues 946 €6Z LIS 6v0Z LvO0L 9v0L ical - - - = - SJa}yaw ul ujdeq efetoye |) oye | fea ici JequiNuU UOI}e}S 220)) NOANWD WTTOL W'I VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 336 ayy T[eus ‘podosyses ‘ds uazaadojohy Se ‘ds puja 194s 9AT[O uo0ajoy SYSNTIOW oe Linda mer’ i xe lieseeer || ee aa | P| lhecortage| rogee ane! eel (ad Laas aad eae [sed | Lae Zz T = = 18 a ie: [LZ : ; ; ; : ; - -"SwB ‘S|BWIUE JO "}M LOT ; ; ; : ; - - ‘Yn ‘ajdwes jo "jo, 99 99 - +--+ + + - pasn seay pnw ‘pues | pues ‘pnw pnw ‘pues | pues ‘}JIs sajqqad ‘pues | pnw ‘}!S - - JUaWIpas jo puly 946 £62 Z1S IZE Gel rat - + Sdajaw ul y}daq 6v0ZL LvOL 9v0ZL 6€0ZL €vOZ 8E0Z - = JOQWINU UO!}E}S (penmnuey) NOANWDO WTTIOL Wl pryjyeus ‘podosi pysapoutwad vIJaLnW pyouiiaa: ‘ds pfiwajos sproaro SISUALISDI DOV n Z oe) > Zz ) NOANWDO WTIOL W'l On ise) ine) eae = aes ae fe! eal met od. ae ee eee eae i ae! rae Bi mee —- > > JuaWIPaS jO PUlY siajaw ul yjdag yaquinu uol}e}Ss NO. 2 LA JOLLA CANYON (continued) Station number - - - OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 341 sjeumlue ayI]-WLIOM ‘sue1oydouosod ‘saqny snoiqy SULIOM ‘S]S9} JoFTU -IUIIOJ YFIA StIgap uly D4D4S119 BUDP|D S}S9} IOFTUIUILIO} OzTYM ‘SULIOM ][PUIS ‘asuods snovoryis ypnofoy pintydC ‘vsown.s Dapinuy “wnuysoqis tupuiou DYyjuDIMIYdC xhsvy J ‘vsowps vapiouy DJDISILI QUDP]DG sjeutiue [[euls ‘stiqep que[d ‘stigap Apoom ULIOM prom1yse Daploluy ‘sure[o [[euIs speuirue ‘saqny ‘suigep Apis voyiood sisdosstug unpopshuy sqT]ays [pews ‘suiom ‘oligap queld pyandny “pusphy J, suLIOM ‘syuouIse1y APOOM pyouuid ordsouorsg DiupuiIag ‘Dyapdpyg suigap queyd yyIM suLIOM pyandny sliqep jueyd ‘suLIOM ‘pues Avi3 niupuij2ag ‘byjandpy saupydords ‘SISUaZN4I SILGULIQUIN'T SULIOM Jo saqny ‘says peep ‘sliqep yoo1 seqn} uLIOM ‘sliqep snoiqy $njnjpigala) DyDyuapiivdstp s1yohsy “pyyposydy stdspusajg ‘syfsoujsiouy “bansso-d Most abundant or conspicuous species Characteristics of the screenings Largest specimen VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 342 ve 99'0 99 pues ‘pnw SOIT vvs9 NOANYD OGYWNOWOO DID]Nun] AU “goyjJouAD]] DIL0}}1) Dppiuor) ponds vsaohpy DUDIWIWD AUNT ppnud sasauopud Dpipupd vanssoy syvodidg au0YyD) pynyounaqund ppo.ig ‘ds pyayjoixy DIWaNS IU “DApLIaUy spporeydue sypyuap190 Dupapuy S4LAVHIA10d "SLU ‘S}BWIUP JO "}M - ‘yy no ‘ajdwes jo "}OA - pasn sea - JuaWwIpas jo PUlyY - Sdaj}aw ul y}deq - Jaquinu Uol}e}S 343 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN pyoypidodoau vsniayd pypjndvs psnsayd sisuaU1ofypo DiupUtqIad poyiond syoyzung ‘ds nuano sniqgn]a ‘D snumosphxoO paivd s1ydnuo pautonssaf shyydan syovas ajayoouh py ‘ds nuuyay sisuatusofypo SNYSDULOLPA W sprue peut SISUBZNAI SMAULQUN'T S4LIVHIA10d - - -"SlUB ‘S}ELUIUR JO 1M - - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - + + + + pasn sea5 NO. 2 pues ‘pnw - - - - JUaWIPas jo puly SOIT - - - Ssajaw ul Yyjdaq vvs9 - + + = JOqUINU UO!}E}S wonewes) NORNWO OGWNOWOOD VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 344 pues ‘pnw SOIT vvs9 Penne) NOANWO OGWNOYWOO suDpIa0 snuMydonsy pdnd misiansy, pynjossay Xhany J, sLipjUome Xhuny wossof srdspu.toqs Putas StUOfiUn DJaUDjAUAYIS sisuduolssiut soubydoids wngnuru unipLioposapyds ‘dds sayjo ‘ordsouoig pyouurd or1dsouoi.g biqnja 201]0Y4d pjounlsip DISiq S4.LAVHIA10d -"SUUB ‘S|JEWIUP JO 3A - ‘ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - pasn sean - Jualuipas jo puly - SdajawW Ul yjdag - Jequinu uolje}S 345 > SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pues ‘pnw SOIT vvs9 Ponae3) NOANWO OAWNOWOD DIDLNDNG SIULIquUN'T DyDYyO} anuov'T pysngqo.s vsaohyy pyouurd 049014 DUDILLIULD ‘2 mpoydas0qwsay ‘ds sajniyduy Jajspaojnv aupdhsjowwy ‘ds adpwy SALIVHOA10d - = -"SwB ‘S}eWIUe JO “IA - - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 4ea5 - - - JUBWIPES JO pUuly siajelu Ul Yyy}daq Jequinu uolje}s VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 346 pues ‘pnw SOIT vvs9 (Perm) NOANWO OdGCWNOUWOD Dynyouvaqoydvos siajniyduy SOOT sniaydojanysoqj hyd SyLoDAd stuoDLDg S4LAVHIA 10d - -"SWWd ‘S|BWIUE JO “3M - ‘yp no ‘ajdwies jo |OA - + - pasn sea - JUBWIPES JO PUY - - Syajaw ul yjdag - JOQUINU UOI}e}S 347 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 snpnu ojfiyg psopid ppoig ‘ds snsyzoqouy Suadsaplst DLLYION S3LAVHIA10d - = -"Sug ‘s}ewiUe JO "I - - "yp no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, cae ce Be pasn seas - > > > Juauipas jo puly pues ‘pnw GOUT vik ) 096." Al sets: i ~ 99S). Glk= sere, OP - @221n lp eek. Jee See suajew ul yjdeq ~yso. i) 0Gso.. |) 1499) I) cSso |) ‘67so |) ‘Grso) |) 9789) ie =- == aaquinu udl}e}S (penmntey) NOANWO OCWNOWOD VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 348 DIONWY SluautqunT DAuUO] IU ‘stasauopiug Dpyvog vyyo) s1209a1d SN4sDULOJON pjojnaya1, auauhjony “ULRy umouyun ‘ajaeyoAjod ‘ds wnioposavyds ‘ds oyjaypxvsd pyonbiong aurpoyy ayyjnaoup “ds aojoyg DIDINIO syovAd S1UODLDg MADyixaa s1ydnuC pauuad a0urnN S43.LAVHIA10d - + -"Swd ‘sjeWwiUe JO "MA 99'7 d i : ; - - ‘ye ‘no ‘ajdwies jo "jOA 99 pasn 4ea5 pues ‘pnw - - - - JuawIpas jo puly SOTT ssajaw ul yj}deq vvs9 gaquinu uoneys (pensnt0D) NOANWO OCGCWNOWOD 349 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pyojshoun baniyduy pyouonbs syoydiydwy payin piporydwy Dyjubopydwup pyjuvoniyduy SWYAGONIHD4 ‘ds auawhjo1iqun7 sisuaduo) Sisauuquny ‘ds s9yjour ‘siyohisy 10305 1u ‘s1yohsy ‘ds snunydonjay snpyjod sauvydoids Dpyfiad DYAY[XD4d ppyod m.4Y4j0N S4LAVHIA10d -"SlUD ‘S|PLWIUP JO IAA 99't : ¢ ; : ; : - - "ye "no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, 99 - +++ + + + + pasn sea pues ‘pnw - - - = JuawIpas JO puly SOTT - - - + = SJajaw ul yjdeq vvs9 - + = = = JaqUINU UOYR}S (peru) NOANWO OCWNOWOD VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 350 pues ‘pnw SOTT vvs9 (penanx0>) NOANWO OCGWNOUWOD wnpnpyjod wnjopshwy tupwhy wnisnuorydgd puayo0jday bimydoC tupuiou vyjupamydOC Mpausaqur Dyppdjo Ww voyrand sisdossiug xpjdojisuo.4s snjdoydwuy piafyndodopnasd DLgULDJUag supoiqyp vjdouhsojdaT tuayjm) vintydO SWYaGONIHO3 "Sud ‘S}PWIUR JO “MA - "Ye no ‘ajdwes 40 "jo, - +--+ - = = pasnseay - - Juawipes jo puly - Sua}awW UI Yy}dag - JaquINU UO!}e}S 351 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ayYM [Tews “wep DUDYSD]D DyaisuohT wnoyrond wniphisnqg DIDULLDI DIAL DuLLapojaDYy IOI ‘ds uosstsydoyojshsy ‘ds puta J, smjoat WN DJUad ‘ds muppidsny ‘ds snjnpoy SASNTION - - -"SlUB ‘S}EWIUR JO “BAA 99°17 i ‘ - - "yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, 99 pasn iear pues ‘pnw - - - - Juawipas jo puly SOIT - + + + + Sdayew ul yjdeq vvs9 daquinu uol}e}S (pomamsen) NOANWO OACWNOWOD VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 352 pues ‘pnw SOTT vvs9 ponsneeo) NOANWO OGWNOWOD peur Ayjes93e] “ds uoonaT S11]SO.15 U0] sysdoya.opngy nishys 1u ‘syhjysmq spodrydute SNV390VLSNYD - - -"Swd ‘S}eWIUe JO "}A - - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, - - + - pasn sea5 - - JUBWIPas JO PUlY suajaw ul yjdag 4Jaquinu uOo!}e}S 353 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 99'0 99 pues ‘pnw SOIT vvs9 ayaevyous1[o ‘ds mauyjoy?¢ auowlouR ‘dds wnuysoqis spyynoundis pepodjod ysnaudo.9}ue SUBOA}TOWUOU SoTuojoo ‘ds ULMYIDLGOUo Py SYSHLO qeio pinged (Penmnte>) NOANWO OGCYWNOWOD qeaio prxuuid poespit SNV3OVLSNYD "SUB ‘S}ELUIUR JO “JM - ‘yono ‘ajdwes jo ‘jOA - - pasn ueay - JuauIpas JO puly - Saja ul Yyjdeq - sAaqUINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 354 pues ‘pnw SOTT vrvs9 (pensnt0>) NOANWOD OCWNOWOD suautoadg satoadg suowtoeds satoads suawtoeds setoeds SNV39VLSNYO suswtoads satoeds SYSNTIOW suouwtoads satoedg SINYSGONIH94 suawtoadg setoadg S4ALIVHIA1Od 4O SY38WNN - - -"Swd ‘S}eWiUe JO {A - - ‘yn ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn seas - > > = JUBWIPES JO PUlY siajaw ul yjdaq Jaquinu uoljeys NO. 2 CORONADO CANYON (continued Station number - - - - - OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS SULIOM PUB S9qn} YILM IIIS wnuysogis jo saqny ‘esuods snoaoris suLiom ‘sprsdosstiq “S}S9} JOJIUTUI IO; “IIS SULIOM Y}TM JIS ‘sTTOYS podojse3 uayo1q peap suLiom ‘sprsdosstiq ‘sLIqep jUs;NI0H suLIOM pue sprointydo ose :sysnyjour Jayjo pue vursphy J ‘puoulgn’y ‘Dypsvy “‘Dpvoy JO s|[eys peep SULIOM ‘sprointydo ‘IIs ‘pues Characteristics of the screenings payfiopod sisdossig payrond sisdossiug poyiond sisdossiig pysnqos D1aoh}xy tuayym) van1ydCQ Largest species $55 wnuysoqis pyjuvov1ydO SNJSDULOJON ‘auDp|DW goulN “wnuydoqis siajseB0ua[os ‘snsyjoqouy D1LYION ‘Djuopoiajay DUuUYaW piupuljIag ‘saupydoids “‘payan pipoiydwy payin pipoiydwuy Most abundant or conspicuous species VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 356 pypydadhxo psaohpy aoe eae DUDILAULD ADIN bond re ppnug syasauopiad in psourds ‘1u ‘auozojapy) Al T ‘ds ‘sapywuy INOYDYISN DapLYy 1zado] vaplowuy pyvoun{ vapilniu4y QOS vO syjonid snsyjoqouy 4aqspdo)nd aupdhyouuy ¢ SA.LAVHIA10d N = "Bou bls 99 janes ‘pues ‘pnw LBET O18s9 O24 GLI -slud ‘SjeWUIUe JO "YM v2 Cur 99 99 pues i 981809 ‘4904 pues “4904 812 122 9089 S089 - "y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, - pasn seas saiqqed ‘pnw ‘janes £29 6089 pues asueoo - Juawipas jo puly 6S - Suajaw ul Yyjdaq v089 - gaquinu uolj}e}S NOANYD ZNao WINYS Bo SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 *\dou bls 99 janes ‘pues ‘pnw Z8ET O89 vasoydsoyd syjfisozuopO - C- prydnuo bsojnqau stydnuc SNyDaUI] | SNISDULOJON) p1a901d S1049.N DIDULIUN S1LIULD NY syopis ajayoouh yy sisuaqusofyp2 piuamoiwhw DIULOf{YDI DUOJABDW ‘dds stsauuquny] DINID SUIAULLQuUN'T ‘ds aap] D140jd14984 AOYJOUWAD FY + SALAVHIAT10d -"SUB ‘S}EWIUR JO "JA or - "y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo oA 99 - + + + + > pasn sea ipnul jones | PUBS ASIEOD| asseor "yoo. | PUES ‘4904 - - JuawIpas Jo puly €29 6S 122 81Zz ~ + + = = Syajalw ul yydaq 6089 vo89 9089 S089 - = JOQUINU UO!}E}S ironsso>) NOANWO ZNUOD WINYS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 358 xAquog sauvydoids pyojound ods ‘ds snwos0j4s1y9g§ ‘ds 10 unjojful DULda4qyvag unsojasiauo] wniyoviqoydupyy S1J T she > = oD pyouuid o1dsouorg tuassuyou ordsouoisg poyiand “Dv 0)]a)XDAd poyyoud sniajdojanyooy hyd Digna aojoud sypovid s1uoDiDg | __ a oom | ‘ds 19y}0ur ‘syjhsozuopO SALIVHIA10d G ZT -"SWB ‘S|PLUIU JO “IAA ct 99 pues ‘y904 - - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, + +++ + + + pasn seay saiqqed ‘pnw ‘janes €c9 6089 pues asieoo ‘4901 Ié¢ 9089 pues asueoo - - - Juawipas jo puly 812 - Suajaw ul yjJdeg S089 6SV vo89 - JaquINU UOI}e}S (penmt0>) NOANWO ZNUYOD WINWS SUBMARINE CANYONS 359 OLGA HARTMAN ‘ds piuayysppidaT Dypjassay D1aohyy ‘ds autsosydn gy ‘ds ppruny ‘ds misaov2apoq pyprygub.qoydvos slajnyduy psopid pppig Dypjassay xhavy J, psoutds pssauajpy J, unipjsoo snapsdaja J, sruofiun Dyjaunjauay4s sisuauoisstu; saupydords S3.LAVHIA10d -"SUUB ‘S}ELUIUR JO “3A "ye no ‘ajdwes jo "|oA - pasn sea NO. 2 ‘pnuljeness | PUPS aS1e09 : pues ‘y901 - - JuawiIpas jo puly €29 6S 812 - - - + + Sdazaw ul ujdeq 6089 v089 - + + JaquINU UOI}e}S (penmse>) NOANWO ZNO WLINYS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 360 ‘ds a0poyjhyg > —_ nN > oe) ay - = ec be N Cn | piadsp anipisiag sisuatulofyps piupuij9ag ‘ds sixauuyawe¢ ‘ds pyjauppjvw ie) CO SISUBZNLD SLAULIQUN'T ‘dds 10 Dyoyof anuovy §n1O]IDI snjouopidaT Oo ' S4ALIVHIA10d ‘|Beu Og GLI - - -"SWB ‘S}ELWIUR JO "LM vL's v2 ZT - - "yno ‘ajdwes jo “jon 99 - - - pasn iea5 pues @sie209 ‘4901 Ice 9089 99 pues ‘4904 99 pleas palias.s | pues asseoo Z8El €c9 6S O89 6089 vo89 - = JUaWIpas jo puly 812 - SJajawW ul yJdeqg S089 - - Jaquinu uolj}e}S (eonenxoo) NOANWO ZNYOD WINYS 361 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pues 3 id ‘ ‘pues ‘pnus paaadee a || PUES @SIEOD|| osteo yao. || PUES ‘yD0U Z8ET €29 6Sv 1é¢é 812 0189 6089 v089 9089 S089 (Penunt0D) NOANWOD ZNUYD WINWS pupnsaup syphsoynd ‘ds shjydan suajaauup addtshT DIDI SAULLQUIN'T ‘ds antuopT pupoisaup D.1aahpy) ‘ds pyjayjoixy ‘ds ajaspydwy ‘ds sapyjaqasa I DIYIUDLGISSDLD DULOSO]GIA.YS S4LAVHIA10d - - -"Swd ‘sjewiue JO yA - - ‘ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn sear - + - + JUaWIPas yo pUuly siajaw ul yj}deqg Jequinu UO!}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 362 janes sajqqed Pues ‘pues ‘pnw ‘pnw ‘janesa pues 9sieod @sse09 ‘4904 pues “yoo Z8ET €c9 6SV 1°24 8I¢ OT89 6089 v089 9089 S089 (penum0>) NOANWDOD ZNYOD WINWS “as umouyun ‘04031290 4d Dyojndur9 sisdouawhyD ‘ds (vapiouy) vaprouy ‘ds umouyun ‘(puloipay ) Dapioiuy xaput SiaUuliqun’y pyondnoy viaohipy ‘dds auozojapy) ‘ds sndajay J ‘ds ordsouowg S4LSVHIA10d - - -"SUB ‘S;ePWUIUR JO "LY - - ‘ye 'no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn seas > - = - Juawipas jo puly siajaw ul ujdaq Jequinu uol}e}S 363 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘ds miyjon 1ULdO14S sapyjaqgasa [ DiafluDJOIg Dsnsayd ‘ds addishT ‘ds 10 ppipup9 Danssoy paqgns 1zado) vapioiuy SLD UO XALDY J, paied2499 ‘ds 10 pyouquy saupydoids sdasawmon,g sojdoj02g§ th1ajjnDvo “yo DLophjog pr4qydeu S4ALIVHIA10d Oz - -"Swi3 ‘sjewiue Jo WM ve 99 fpnaticnera) ||| PUES eSIEOD||| esieearyocs €c9 6Sv Ié¢ 6089 v089 9089 - ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, - +--+ + + pasn yeay pues ‘y904 812 S089 - JUaWIpas JO PUuly - + - + - Suajaw ul Yjdag - Jaquinu uol}e}S (pone) NOANWO ZNXO WINWS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 364 SMODUL) sniajaojapysop hyd 4ossofs sidspusays seqn} I | seqny ‘ds 10 pyonbi0j1q auipoyy lel - ce snuspugs SnjsvuL0joN snpodiway sapisyooiaT snyoduoja sojdojossojdp yy DD]NIOUD DYyaouKUy > -_= ~ tT) = = ppyjod aupndiyowwy ‘ds sixauuyapy umouxun ‘ajaeyodyod proudjod + S4LAVHIA10d OL - "SUB ‘S[PLUIUR JO “MA ve 99 GLI il 99 pues ‘4904 "Yn ‘ajdwes jo jon - +++ = - pasn sean 99 a ipnurdiaaess | PURS BS1e09 E29 6SV 6089 v089 pues @sse09 ‘yD0U Ice 9089 - JuawIpas jo puly - SdajawW ul yjdaq 812 S089 - JOqWINU UOI}E}S (ronmneeo) NOANWO ZNYO WINWS 365 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 proinyjojoy D419B19]D9 DLLDUN IN) pigns auoyzhyoog tuayym Dan1tydO supoiqjp vidpuhsojzdaT xpjdojhisuo.ys sndoyduy pupjaand syoydiyduy poyan piporydwy ‘ds auawhjong¢ BIJ T SALAVHOA1Od TO -"SWd ‘S}EWIUe JO “} ev 99 seiqqged ‘pnw ‘janes €c29 6089 vIT "y no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, 99 pues asueoo - +++ + + + - pasn seas pues @S4209 ‘4904 Tee 9089 pues ‘y904 81Zz S089 - - + - JUawIpas jo puly - - SsajalwW ul Yyjdaq 6Sv v089 > + + Jaquinu voles enn) NOANWO ZNUO WINYWS i N - SS - ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 366 > > -_ -_ ite) ci d ues ‘ pnutjeness | PUBS AS4LO0I| asieoa'y20, | PURS ‘4904 £29 6Sv 122 8I¢ 6089 v089 9089 S089 (penunuoy) NOANWD ZNadO WINYS SYSNTION prprdeajorydo Al ‘¢ pypodjow pyouonbs syoydiydwy voyiond sisdossiig xmdiyooaghina stasauorydC, tupuLLOU DyjuDaDiYy dO ‘ds sndupjodg ‘ds snjdorydwy tuayog syoydorydC SWH3AGONIHIA -"SWB ‘S[BWIUR JO “"}(A - "y ‘no ‘ajdwes 40 ‘jo, - + + += = pasn seay - JUaWIPasS jo PUly - SdajawW ul yj}daq - ABqUINU UO!}e}S 367 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 tuaquadipo Duta], wunoyrond wmphso0g peop oulos ‘syoys “ds wniygig ‘ds ppisdowxy ‘ds pnpidain ‘dds g ‘spodo.ysva ‘ds uazaadoj90]9q wo CO Sal SUSNTION "Bou 10 8'9rT o£ GLI - + "SUB 'S|BLUIUR JO "YM vLs ev'l vr'l v2 Zl "YW Nd ‘ajdwes 40 "oA 99 99 - pasn sea5 Soicao rer pues ‘y904 12 8I¢2 9089 S089 99 pues asieoo 99 janesa ‘pues ‘pnw L8ET 0189 99 sajqqed ‘pnw ‘janes €c9 6089 - + yuaUuIpas JO puly 6SY “+ + + + Suayaus ul Yydeq vO89 - Jequinu uol}e}S (Poneto) NOANWO ZNYO WINWS VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 368 L rae podost ontseredg eae Meee ae eat ee T $19}se30UaTOS [jews ‘Treus uoow SHSNTION *|Bau - + -"SWB ‘S|PWIU JO }M vLsS ZI - - "yno ‘ajdwes jo OA 959 + + + + + - pasn 1885 pues ‘y901 812 S089 99 janesa ‘pues ‘pnw L8ET 0189 sajqqad ‘pnw ‘janes €29 6089 pues asse09 ‘4904 Ié¢é 9089 pues asieoo - JuauIpas jo puly 6S - SJajowW ul Yy}daq v089 - JequINU UO!}e}S (Penuuey) NOANWO ZNYO WLINWS OD \O i.) SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 diy vas SYSHLO [jeuis ‘qeio qeio prmsed ‘ds wnyjadjp9g SUBVORUNO Jayjo poyiovd myja.opn gy ayeyuop ATIAvay “ds pyjawny) ‘ds pwwopodwfig 1u powus0f{1Dv9 sdosdwojnwea HY suBooeUUn) spooe.s0 10 OL GAT €v'l ve ct 99 99 99 99 ues ‘ paalteeia | PUPS BS4209| asicoa 400. | PUES ‘4904 €c9 6SV 1c 8I¢ 6089 v089 9089 S089 penuue) NOANYO ZNO WINYWS spreur} SNV39V.LSNYD -"SWB ‘SEIU JO “MM “"y “no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jOA - ++ + - = pasn seay - JualIpas jO PUly - - - SJojaw ul yjdeqg - JaqGWINU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 370 n - *\dou vLS 99 janes ‘pues ‘pnw Z8eT O89 ev 99 d pues ‘ TRU aera pues asseoo @sie09 ‘y90) pues 4904 €29 6S 1é2 8I¢ 6089 v089 9089 S089 ronuwea) NOANWO ZNYOD WLINWS suvozoA1q ‘ds niuayog suetplose Joy}0 ‘prynoundis Aqye3si ae] [1ded Pits [e100 Areyyos Suti0q ‘rapuels ‘prynoundis sapoyeuou pseu | UeLIeYyyUeLIV. SYaHLO - -"SWU ‘S}ELUIUR JO "1A - "Ye no ‘ajdwes jo jon - pasn yeas - JUBWIPES jo PUly - SJa}awW Ul Y}daq - Jaquinu uol}e}S — I (3) SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ev t vit 99 99 janes saiqqad pues asueoo Seiearaicel pues ‘4904 ‘pues ‘pnw ‘pnw ‘janes Z8ET €29 6SvV 1é¢e 8I¢ O189 6089 v089 9089 S089 (penunueo) NOANYD ZNO VWINYS ysnoudoi9}uUa auowoeur a}B.19}Ua[90O sploipAy SYSHLO - -"SUIB ‘S[PWIUE JO “YA, - ‘yy no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - + + + + + = pasn wea - JuaUIpasS jO PUlY - Sddjaw ul yjydaq - Jaquinu uoljze}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS S72 *\Bou vLS 29 janes ‘pues ‘pnw LZ8ET O189 _ t=] ° fo} B ue} —_— oO cor oO = =) rs) =] i) = aS N a) Qa OZL ev't VC 99 99 99 pauitieesa | PUPS 2SU209| asicoo yoo. | PUES ‘4904 €29 6S 122 812 6089 v089 9089 S089 nun) NOANWO ZNUYO VYINWS suowtoedg satoadg suowtoedg satoads suawtoedg setoedg SNV390ViSnuo suautoeds setoads SHSNTION suautoeds satoadg SWYAGONIHD3 suswtoedg satoadg S43L4VHIA1Od JO SYAEWNN - + -"SUB ‘S|BLUIUR JO “IM - - ‘yond ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn iea5 - - = = Juawipas jo puly S4ajaw ul yj}daqg JaquiNU UO0!}e}S No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 373 SANTA CRUZ CANYON Continued) ef] JO 20e.Q ‘peep Ju ‘aguods ‘jeaeis Avis af OPA ‘suLIOM Maj ‘JaARIs Avi snooty snsaydojapyso0y hyd speurrue ‘asuods pryjeunorxey sidspusajg ‘sapi1yo01aT sjeurue ‘pues Aei3 yrep SNSDULOJO NT sniyjoqouy sjeunrue ‘sdumy] youd ‘pues ‘ays S4ajsps0ua]os ‘vamonuy SULIOM ‘aguods pryjeutjoexey pypjnsuis sisdouawh)) tajuadivo Duyja J, ‘pupjasnd syoydiydwy sjeumue Aueul ‘pues ‘[[ays ‘asuods pryjeutjoexey asuods umoiq syoydorydQ asIevOo ‘pues uadIB ‘syoO1 ‘pupaisaup D1aohyy suoyyo ‘s19]0g suo}tyo ‘ayeorun} ‘spe10o ‘asuods ‘pues uses ‘syxo01 voyiond sisdossig xpjdhyosvighana stasauotydQ Dynjassa} D4aahyyy ‘uayoq syoydorydoO spodrydure ‘sprinsed ‘sprydnuo sjewrue ];eus Aueul yjIM pues Jays Station number - - - - - Most conspicuous or abundant species Characteristics of Largest species the screenings VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 374 L8°¢ 99 pues ‘pnw c9e 8189 NOANYWD YNITYLYO syonid ajayoouh jw suajoauup addishT sisuasuo)y Sluautquny DIDAMIIG S1LQULLQUIN'T DyDYOf{ aDUOD'T pauunig Dpmuodry pyopdvs vsaohpy Dyniyoub.iqunjd vpvig 1noyDyosn vapluy Jayspaojnp aupdhiyowwy sunoip snupydonjsy S3LIVHIA1Od -"Swsd ‘S}eWIUe JO “iM "y no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA > + + + + = pasn sea - JuawIpas JO Puly - Siajow ul yjdaqg - JaqUINU U0I}e}S SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 tel) —) s~ pyvjassaq xhavy I, 4ossof sidspu.aqzg «| | |- thy ‘ds wnioposapyds SYLIDIB DIJAIXD4g pyouuid ordsouoiig piafino ordsouoidd sisuamusofypo p1upurj9ad OT jWsete or DAqn]s 20104d a Oo on! SYLIDAB SYUODIDg paivd srydnuC SINUA] SNJSDULOJO NY fo) - = C te S3.LAVHIA10d b'86 -"SlUB ‘S|EWIUE JO “JA L8°% 2Y9) pues ‘pnw c9€ 8189 - "yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo OA - +--+ + + + - pasn sea5 - + Juawipas jo puly - - - SJa}aw ul! yjdaq - Jaquinu uol}e}S (Penunvy) NOANWO WNIITWLYO VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 376 DJUOpo1aqay puuyayw ‘ds snjspwosaja yy DIDNAQUL “J BOYJOULAD FT xs c- snyoduoja sojdojoosojdv yy Xapur SwauLquun'y ity — ci SISUIZNAI SLAULLQUN'T ‘ds vajpasog ws = ‘ds umouxyun ‘papouy sdanaaiqg syphso4siouy S43.LAVHIA 10d - -"SWB ‘S}eWUIUe JO “IMA - - ‘ye ‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - - + - pasn ueay ~ Juawipes jo puly L8°¢ 99 pues ‘pnw c9€ - - - SJajowW ul Yyjdag 8189 - + - Jaquinu uolj}e}S (penunue>) NOANWO WNITYLYO SIT SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 pues ‘pnw c9E 8189 (peru) NOANWO WNITWLYO ppyjod m44I0N vauianisaf shyydan S3.LAVH9OA10d - - -"swd ‘sjeWiUe JO “YM - - "y‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn 4ea5 - - JUaWIPas JO PUly Suajew ul yj}deq Jaquinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 378 L8°¢ 99 pues ‘pnw Ach 8189 (penuntea) NOANWO WNITYIYVO supjaaia snupydonjsy wnjojfur DUda.qyvIsg DIDINIDU SIBAD] DD]NuN] Iu ‘aoyjou.v FY ppnug siasauopiug DjDINIYAD Dap}1AL0q pyouuid maojyD Dyoryoubsqoydvas srajnyduy psopid ppoig Diqn)s vpvig ‘ds umouxun ‘saupydords S3LAVHIA10d - - -"Suud ‘S}eWIUR JO }M - - "yo no ‘ajdwes jo "jOA - + + - + = pasn sea - JualIpas jo Puly - - Sia}owW ul u}deg - JaquINU UO!}eYS 379 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 99 pues ‘pnw c9€ 8189 (penu4e>) NOANWO WNITWIYO DDjNIDUaq syjAso.ysioUuy ‘ds sisautiqun7] snpodiway sapisyooia] ‘ds piaohipy Dpyv9 vyy0D sylopid snsyjoqouy StuDuow xAivy 09144040 ajaspyduy S4.LAVHIA10d -"SUUB ‘S|ELUIUR JO “IA “"y no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - + + + = = pasn sea5y - JUBWIPES JO PUlYy - - SJa}alW Ul YJdaq > - = Jaquinu u0s}e}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 380 v86 L8°¢ 99 pues ‘pnw c9€ 8189 (Penmte>) NOANYWO WNITWLWO DIIIans ‘jo DAPIUY ‘ds ayoDUoII Nd Juauipas jo Puly - - SJa}awW Ul y}daq - + = JaqUINU UO!}e}S I N =) © > ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 382 poyiond sisdosstig syidosf snjo4juaz0yy voyrond vyzuvoniydC ‘ds vjdvuhsojdaT tuayym Daniydo xpjdojAsuo.4s ER ECRe ER Era ert eine Pd ee ae = es BS ee es ee ee meena oe pyjuvobYydup pyjuponydwuy Djojn20up saupydoidg S43.LAVHIA1Od - -"Slud ‘SjeWIUe JO “3A - "yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn iea5 pues ‘pnw - - Juawipas jo puly c9E siajew ul yjdeq 8189 - JaQqUINU UOI}E}S (penuneD) NOANWO WNITWIYVO OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 383 NO. 2 pues ‘pnw Z9E 8189 ensues) NOANWO WNITWLYO ‘dds snjnpop lupuiou DyjuvomydC pudsiguo) syoydorydgo tuayoqg syoydorydo ppnurwas pamyduy apapaworp vimydwy piuajo04da] bimydoQ sisuayjol umisnwoiydo pupjasnd syoydiydwy ypuasuno} 4d4SDSULG SWYSAGONIHD3 - Sd ‘S|BWIUE JO }M ‘y ‘no ‘ajdwes 40 "jo, - + - + + + pasn 1ea5 - - JuaUIPasS $O PUY - - Sya}aw ul yjydaq - JaqUINU UOI}e}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 384 pues ‘pnw c9€ 8189 (Penm4u0>) NOANWO WNITYLYO soid Disapousad D194 WN wnoyfiood wmphiong poyiond Dyjaava1xDS wnnpyjod wnjopshwy ‘ds DutsapojanyI01g ‘ds pyauyoy hid ‘ds vysofoyooy ‘ds pnony ‘ds wnypjuaq SYSNTIOW - - -"Sslud ‘S}eWIUe JO “3 - - ‘yo ‘no ‘ajdwes 40 ‘jo, pasn ueay - - > JuaUIpas JO PUlY suajaw ul yj}deq 4aquinu uol}e}S 385 ats | SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ‘ds sidsxfidwups01g pryjesdeo o - fii SNVS9VLSNYS ‘ds mippidsny SISUALSDI DOV SYSNTION snl N ise) be Cc tO — 5 | "Sud ‘SfEWIUe JO “3M - - "y‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - + +--+ + + + pasn sea - Juawi|pas oO puly pues ‘pnw z9€ - - SJa}aw ul yjJdeq 8189 - JaquINU UO!}e}S (penunuos) NOANYO WNITWLYO VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 386 op = = inet era ca Kena ae za aoe See [seal aa | aa v'86 L8°2 99 pues ‘pnw c9E 8189 (penunu0) NOANYWD YWNITWYLY)O > -_ N T prorpAy | suaio SY3HLO ‘ds sidsxjfidwog ppronjady syhysnq SNV3J9OVLSNYO -"Slud ‘S}EWIUe JO "1A - "Yy‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - + = + pasn 4ea5 - JuUaWIPESs jo PUly - Suajaw ul Yy}daq - JaquINU UO!}e}S 387 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN STP 6& Stl = suawtoedg sotoadg suewitoedg setoeds suswtoeds setoedg SYSNTION sueuwitoedg sotoeds SINYAGONIHD4 suowtoeds setoeds S3LAVHIA10d JO SYasWNnN - - -"Sws ‘sjeUIUe JO "1A - - "y‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn iea5 NO. 2 pues ‘pnw - - - - Juawipas jo puly c9€ suajaw ul yjdeq 8189 JaquiNU UdI}e}S (penuyuoy) NOANYD YNITWIYO 388 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 sjeulue [[eus ‘saqnq ‘odsuods snosol[Is ‘s[[ays peop sjeumue [feuis ‘osuods snovoryis ‘s][aYys peep suajaauup addish'T DAM PIXDIg “DANN spromrydo ‘ayqqni Aepeys (400d aj,dures ) ouou pupjasnd syoydiydwuy suiom ‘spromrydo ‘spis -dosstiq ‘atqqni Aepeys poyfiond sisdossiig suLiom ‘spromrydo ‘atqqns Aqjeays sisdossiig suTeulol Teuue peep ‘suziom ‘sprsdosstiq spisdosstiq pdnd msiav. J, ‘anyouhysy m14u1499 ‘snjo1jua90]]¥ ‘pyouonbs syoydiyduy pynoundis ‘sojdojoas -ojdv yy ‘snsyzoqouy psojid pposg “wmiphsovqg stigep ‘seqn} ‘suLIOM ‘suTYyoIN SULIOM ‘spisdosstig ‘pues ‘Jaavis p1ipUu1429ag ‘pyowonbs syoydiyduy anyouhysy ‘sisdossiug sjeumtue ‘sliqap ‘seqn} pnut uvo}IouloU 1SuDS QUDpIDW CATALINA CANYON (continued) pypuuid ordsouoi.ig ‘sisuaZN1o SLLIULIQUINT speusrue UI sliqep proonur pisiap4s J ‘snjdoryduy sjeutue Aueul ‘poom yorTq ‘sqjeys uayoiq ‘saqn} Avis Aqpis D4SId ‘pypwonbs syoydiyduy ‘payin prporydmy ueLMyo[OY ayepneo Most abundant or conspicuous species Station number - - - - - Characteristics of the screenings Largest species 389 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 sajnpou 0291 0vs9 (W0}}0q puey 0} anp ‘|;eWs AJaA Sajdwes ||e) jaaei3 ‘pnw pues ‘yoo 16ST 90rT 1789 6€89 AATIWA Lila JINAWNATO NYS ‘ds pyiposydy DypjnJ0uv saupdydoids pauodnl 1]aU019g§ Sy}oDsd DYAI}xD1g DIONUY SuaULLquny 10.L00U SixaUUYa WW snpodiway sapr.yoo1a'T pyoyof anyuovy DIDAMIISSDII QOYJOULLD FY pyopidvo xu ‘psaahpy ppyjod aupndhyjowwy ‘ds ajaspydwy S3.LAVHIA10d - - -"SwW ‘sjeWIUe JO "yA - - "y‘no ‘ajdwes 40 "jo, pasn sea pues ‘y904 - + - + Juawipas jo puly 0S6 suajaw ul yydaq 8E89 JaquINU UO!}E}S VOEI2/ ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 390 (Wo}}0g puey 0} anp ‘|jewWs Aya sajdwes |/e) sajnpou jaaei3 ‘pnw pues ‘y901 pues ‘4901 O2c9T T6ST 90vT 0s6 Ovs9 1v89 6€89 8E€89 (pense) RATIWA Lda ALNAWAIO NYS SIpaDIAaLgd wnioposapyds snauy auawhjniqun Ty ayerpoursqe ‘prpnyeinto DiqD]s Dpv.ig ‘ds xhuvy J, ‘ds sapyjaqasa wnjoyfur DUdasqup9g ‘ds siyohsy INOYDYISN DAPI ‘ds snupydonsy S43LIVHIATOd - + -"SWd ‘S}EWIUP JO "1M - - "y‘no ‘ajdwes jo "joA pasn sean - - - - JUaWIpaS jo puly suajaw ul yydaq Jaquinu uolje}S : SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 spodiydure SNV39VLSNYD ‘ds wniphuovg¢ oytyM [Rus “uR]o SYSNTION ADUOLIDUL Dimydoujsy snjouio snuryraxaldd p1uayo0jday biniyd¢ pypjspip viniyduy pupjasnd syoydiydwy ipaq byzuvon1YydC (W0}}0q puey 0} anp ‘|jewWs AsaA Sajdwes |)e) 99 99 sajnpou jaaei3 ‘pnw pues ‘4904 pues ‘4904 er Acht T6ST 90vI 0S6 Ovs9 1v89 6€89 8€89 (ponunveD) KATIWA LAlY ALNAWATO NYS SWUIGONIHIA pateqes S3L3VHOAT0d - - -"Slud ‘sjeLUIUe JO IA - - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn 1ea5 - - - - UaWIPas jo puly Siajaw ul yjydag Jaquinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 392 (W0}}0q psey 0} anp ‘|jeEwWs A19A Sajdwes ||e) sajnpou jeae43 ‘pnw Pues ‘4901 pues ‘y901 O2c9T T6ST 90vT 0S6 Ove9 Tv89 6€89 889 ome) KITIVA LIT JINSANA1IO NYS [eoreydsqns ‘poor.jso IeaUurTpoa1 ‘pooe.yso pryzeus ‘podost SNV39OVLSNYD - - -"SWB ‘S|/BLUIUe JO “YM - - "y"no ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn sean - > - - Juawipas jo puly siajalw ul yjdaq Jaquinu uolje}Ss 393 >: SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 (Wo}}0q prey 0} anp ‘|jeLUs AuaA Sojdwes je) sa|npou eaeu3 ‘pnw pues ‘y901 pues ‘y901 029T 16ST 901 0S6 Ovs9 Tv89 6€89 8E89 (pened) KATIWA LAld ALNAWNATO NWS suewtoedg Be}aene SIVLOL susultoedg sotvedg SYAHLO suewtoedg setoeds SNV39VLSNYD suoultoedg setoedg SYASNTION suewtoedsg sotoedg SIWYAGONIHDS suow1oedg setoads S3LAVHIA10d dO SYSEWNN - = "SWB ‘sjeUUe JO "YK - - ‘Yy‘no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, pasn sear - + > + yuaUIpPas jo PUuly siajow Ul yjdaq Jaquinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 394 wuniphisvg¢ sa[npou ssouesueul e a — = sjeujue Moy sjeulue moj sjeurue maj ‘pues ‘phul useis ‘Jeaess ‘yoor ‘pues useid ‘syoo. [[eus uae ‘syool [ed C'T (pesmme)) RATIWA LIld ALNAWNAIO NYS satoads snonordsuoo Jo Juepunge ysoyy [eutue jsoS1e7] sSuluse10s ayy Jo JojoRIVYyD daquinu uolj}e}s 395 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 j}eys ‘pues 960 ‘9E89 NOANYD YWAINNYL Snjoonuy snsajdojapysop} hyd ‘ds snunohjog pJOWAL IU “AUO1SIg psojnqau stydnuQ sprydnuo wado] Dapwouy S3L4VHIDA10d -"Slud ‘S|EWIUR JO "}M - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes jo jo, - + - - + pasn sea5 - JUBWUIPaS jO PUlY - Sda}ow ul Yyjdaqg - JqUUNU UO!}E}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 396 Vce v0 99 ||eys ‘pues 960 9£89 (penmz0D) NOANYD YWANNYL pynjassay D4saohipy ‘ds aoyjouusn py pIyofiq vpruny yaann{ ru ‘vapinay ‘ds snayjoqouy SISUAMAPDUL SapipDUYy DpUOLMNUL slajnyduy ‘ds 10. 4ayspdojnn aupdijoumy pynjassay xhavy psourds vssauappy J, "ua048 sapyjaqasa J, sadyusD sojdojoag snanudhdy oydsouoysg S4LIVHIA10d - « «Sud ‘SjeWIUe JO “YY - - ‘y‘no ‘ajdwes jo "jo, pasn seas - = - = yUaUIPAS JO PUly Su9jow ul yjydaq JaquINU UOI}e}S 397 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 |19ys ‘pues 96 9E89 (permed) NOANYWD YWANNY IL ponds paaoliyy Spunofiung auodoxsy paqnjd vpvagy ‘ds pyoqunsng DSOULDL DAPYIAY paqns yzado) vappnay ‘ds wnsoposopydg ‘ds psophyog prAyydou sypipydhd ajpayoouhp ‘ds pumoppda wd ‘ds aowuony ‘ds aowuny SALAVHIA1Od Sd ‘SjPLUIUR JO "YA - ‘yo ‘ajdwes jo jo, - pasn sean * yuaW|pas 4O puly - S4ojow ul Yyydeq - gaquinu voles VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 398 {ays ‘pues 960 9€89 (Penm20) NOANWDOD YWANNYVIL pynuiquiy sauvydords pjonbiong aurpoyy pyouuids ordsouoisg ‘ds snyjawvjod¢ Dp fi4ad MANXP4d Diaf14D]]09 “JO vsnsayd sylopig swuoDiDg SN4DGO] 3 SNISDULOJON SYDILIQUIN] | OYIDULOIIN, ‘ds ajayoouh wp suajaauup addishT ‘ds stuauqun'T ‘ds sapiyoo1aT S3LSVHIATOd - - -'SWwd ‘S}eWIUe JO YM - - ‘y‘no ‘ajdwes jo "|OA pasn 1ea5) - - JuawWIpas yO puly suajaw ul yydaq 4Jaquinu uUuol}eyS SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 {ays ‘pues 960 9E89 (pensnme>) NOANYD YWANNYVL ‘a3] “ds azaspyduy [jews “ds ajaspyduy ‘ds saupydordg snoyfiond snja01dojo snauy auawhpoiiquny] prestjeqey psouids auozojapy) snyvsuoja sojdojoosojdp yy Dpipuvd vanssoy pyyjnsurd sisdouawh) >) ‘ds xfuvy J, S4LAVHDA10d - - -"Sws ‘sjewiue JO YM - - “yo no ‘ajdwes jo “jo, ; pasn sea - - + - JuaWIpas jo puly suajaw ul yjdaq Jequinu uolj}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 400 [lays ‘pues 960 9E89 (PenmnteD) NOANYWD YANNYVL asosni ‘nporyduy poyin pipoiyduy pjounlsips DIStq pxoppivd piuophonpsvg piuvyixaa siydnuc DjOMNwWy Sluaulsqun'y 9ayepnooue “proyj}oUuLrey Dauuniq DppwUor) ‘ds snysp1u0jon pruepyeu syovss DAI XD4d paayhiyouod 144j0N S3.LAVHIA10d - + -"Sw8 ‘SjeWIUe JO} - - ‘yno ‘ajdwes jo "|oA - - - pasn sea - - JUBWIPaS JO pUuly - + - - SyajawW ul yj}dag - - JaqGuINU UO!}E}S 401 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 Ae) 99 ||@ys ‘pues 960 9E89 (penuruoy) NOANYWD YINNYVL avapawmowp bamyduy pusviyd vyjuvonyd¢ ([Issoy) ds snwphoouyoq IpUaIsUuNO} LaqsDsiAg puajo0jda) baniydQ taypq syoydorydd ‘ds pyjuvoniydod supaiq)p vjdpuhsojdaT stsuayjol wnisnworydo pouusoo pywuvomydoC pupjasnd syoydiyduy poyiond sisdossig pypupnbs syoydiyduy SWYSGONIH9D4 "SWB ‘S|EWIUP JO “IM - ‘eno ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - pasn ieay - JuaWwIpas jo puly - Sdajal ul yjdaqg - Jaquinu uol}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 402 ||ays ‘pues 960 9€89 (Penunt0)) NOANWO YWAINNVL sysny[Our 19430 ‘ds 10 Djpupy ppaT uoywYyo wmnoyiovd uniphisvg ‘ds pss1yduy umoiq ‘podo.ses ‘ds 10 1p.0q DINIVAN T, ‘ds 10 tuajuadivo pura J, SASNTION qupULLOU DYyJUDIDIYdGC, SWYAGONIH94 "SWB ‘S}ELUIUR JO “JA - ‘yy ‘no ‘ajdwes 40 ‘jo, - pasn 4ea5 - yuawipas jo puly - Sdaj}aw ul Yyjdeq - yaquNU uo!}e}S : SUBMARINE CANYONS 403 OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 v10 99 jJeys ‘pues 960 9E89 (penunwey) NOANYWDOD YWANNYIL passaidap ‘peoiq pranyjue “podost ‘ds pyauyoyhid SYSNTION -"SUB ‘S}ELUIUR JO “JAA - “yno ‘ajdwes jo "jo, - ++ + + + pasn ueay - yUBWIPES JO PUly - Suajaw ul yj}daqg - AaGUINU UO!}E}S ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 404 {lays ‘pues 960 9€89 (penuee>) NOANYWO YWANNYL sprpnoundis suva}10ul0u suv0zoAiq siayj}O pue S19DUALD FT i “QUOWIUe aynsny “ds sidspjidwop DIDjNIYDUDI sidsppidupy suv9oeUINd pespi “poor.sso preuey SNV30VLSNYD -"Sud ‘S}PWIUP JO “yA - ‘ye no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - + + + + - pasn sea - JuaWwIpas jo puly - Sda}oW Ul y}daqg - JaquINU UO!}E}S 405 SUBMARINE CANYONS OLGA HARTMAN NO. 2 ||ays ‘pues 960 9E89 (penm40>) NOANWD YWAINNYVL ysnaudo.19}uUa pepoqod SYSHLO - - -"Suud ‘sjewIUe JO "}M - ‘yy no ‘ajdwes jo ‘jo, - +--+ ++ - + pasn see5 - - - JUBWIPES JO PUY - Suajaw ul yjdeq - - Jaquinu udl}e}S VOL. 27 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS 406 Tce vto 99 {Jays ‘pues 960 9€89 (penmxe>) NOANWD YANNYVL suoutoeds satoeds suowtoads sotoedg suowtoeds sotoedg SNV39VLSNY suowtoads sotoedg SASNTION sueultoeds sotoedg SWHSGONIHD4 suewtoeds setoedsg S4LAVHIA10d 4O SY3siWNN - = -"SWB ‘S|PWUIUR JO “JM - - ‘Y'no ‘ajdwes jo jo, pasn yea5 - - - > JUBLUIPAS $O PUlY suajaw ul yjydeqg JEQUINU UO!}e}S NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 407 suLiom ‘spromrydo ‘asuods uMoiq asieoo ‘stigep ‘Tes %j Iu pyounlsipg D4SIg spl[noundits sfeumrue ‘asuods ‘sLiqap junoure [jeus maoy) ‘ajaspyduy sjeunue ‘esuods ‘sduimy youd ‘uajz0ag pupjaand syoydiydwuy peop ‘pues ‘joys [es 1 ‘snjnpoy “uniphss0g sjeurrue ‘s]jays peep ‘aguods ‘syeaq pbs sapyaqa.a I, ‘pues Aqjays “[e3 +1 sixauuya Jy ‘sisuarjol wnisnuorydC sjeumue ‘asuods SnOVOTTIS ‘sTTays UMOIG — pai jo JuNOUIe [[eUs poyfiond sisdossiug puvjasnd syoydiyduy TANNER CANYON (continuea) sjeumtue ‘asuods snogoris ‘syeaq pbs pypupnbs ‘pues Ayjays ayy "Tes 1% poyiond sisdossisg syoydiyduy “p1a0] 4) Station number - - - - - Character of the screenings Largest species Most abundant or conspicuous species 408 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 LITERATURE CITED BARNARD, J. L. 1959. Liljeborgiid amphipods of southern California coastal bottoms with a revision of the family. Pac. Nat., 1(4) :12-28, figs. 1-12, charts 1-3. 1959. The common pardaliscid Amphipoda of southern California, with a revision of the family. Pac. Nat., 1(12) :36-43, figs. 1-4. 1960. New bathyal and sublittoral ampeliscid Amphipods from California, with an illustrated key to Ampelisca. Pac. Nat., 1(16) :1-36, figs. 1-11. 1962. Benthic marine Amphipoda of southern California. Pac. Nat., 3 (1/3) :1-163, figs. 1-23. BaRNArpD, J. L., and R. R. Given 1961. Morphology and ecology of some sublittoral Cumacean Crustacea of southern California. Pac. Nat., 2(3) :153-165, figs. 1-4. BARNARD, J. L., and OLGA HARTMAN 1959. The sea bottom off Santa Barbara, California: Biomass and community structure. Pac. Nat., 1(6) :1-16, figs. 1-7. BARNARD, J. L., and F. C. ZiesENHENNE 1961. Ophiuroid communities of southern California coastal bottoms. Pac. Nat., 2(2) :131-152, figs. 1-8. Emery, K. O. 1960. The sea off southern California. 366p., 247 figs. Wiley, New York. Emery, K. O., and Jossr HitsEMANN 1962. The relationships of sediments, life and water in a marine basin. Deep-sea Res., 8:165-180, 10 figs. FISHER, W. K. 1946. Echiuroid worms of the north Pacific Ocean. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc., 96 :215-292, pls. 20-37. 1949. Additions to the echiuroid fauna of the north Pacific Ocean. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc., 99:479-497, pls. 28-34. 1952. The sipunculid worms of California and Baja California. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc., 102:371-450, fig. 87, pls. 18-39. No. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 409 HarTMAN, OLGA 1955. Quantitative survey of the benthos of San Pendro basin, southern California. Pt. I. Preliminary results. Allan Hancock Foundation Pacific Expeds., 19:1-185, 7 pls. 1956. Contributions to a biological survey of Santa Monica Bay, California. A final report submitted to Hyperion Engineers, Inc. 161p. (multilithed ) 1961. Polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Foundation Pacific Expeds., 25, 226p., 35 pls. 1961. New Pogonophora from the eastern Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci., 15:542-546, 8 figs. 1961. A new monstrillid copepod parasitic in capitellid polychaetes in southern California. Zool. Anz., 167 :325-334, 1 pl., 1 chart. in press. Benthic biology of the mainland shelf of southern California. In California. State Water Pollution Control Board. A Biological and Oceanographical Survey of the Southern California Mainland Shelf. HarT™MaAvn, O1ca, and J. L. BARNARD 1958-60. The benthic fauna of the deep basins off southern California. Allan Hancock Foundation Pacific Expeds., 22:1-297, 21 pls., chart, map. LIMBAUGH, ConrabD, and F. P. SHEPARD 1957. Submarine canyons. Im Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology. Geol. Soc. America, Mem., 67, 1:633-639, 2 pls. MENzIES, R. J., and J. L. BARNARD 1959. Marine Isopoda on coastal shelf bottoms of southern California: Systematics and ecology. Pac. Nat., 1(11) :3-35. PECKHAM, V. O., and J. H. McLEAN 1961. Biological exploration at the head of the Carmel submarine canyon. [ Abstr.] Amer. Malacol. Union, Ann. Rpt. 1961:43. SHEPARD, F. P., and K. O. EMERY 1941. Submarine topography off the California coast. Geol. Soc. America, Spec. Pap., 31, 171p. 410 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 INDEX abnormis, Ophiacantha, 85, 154 acarina, Ilyarachna, 224 acicula, Goniada, 75, 146 aciculata, Aricidea (Cirrophorus), 75, 150, 208, 245, 302, 334 Acila castrensis, 87, 137, 155, 203, 219, 238, 309, 337, 385 sp., 90, 350 acmeceps, Scoloplos, 83, 363 Acrocirrus crassifilis, 78, 198 Acteocina culcitella, 218 intermedia, 88 Acteon punctocoelata, 88, 219, 307 sp., 88, 186, 238, 286, 336 actinian, 314 Acuminodeutopus heteruropus, 159 acuta, Lumbrineris, 81, 296, 357 Admete californica, 88, 252 Adontorhina cyclia, 87, 156, 221, 252 adristia, Carinoturris, 156 (Aedicira), Aricidea, sp., 82, 318, 362 aequalis, Mediaster, 85 affinis pacifica, Praxillella, 74, 132, 152, 168, 181, 194, 211, 232, 247, 259, 276, 295, 319, 331, 346, 358, 37a, agassizi, Phascolosoma, 163 Aglaja sp., 87, 137, 202, 219, 238, 287, 336, 383 Aglaophamus dicirris, 78, 208, 235, 283, 329, 374 erectans, 77, 183, 233, 281, 302, 344, 378 sp., 72, 135, 166, 235, 249, 302, 332, 349, 390 alaskana, Lyonsiella, 90, 310, 351 alata, Pista, 80, 260 alba, Leanira, 82, 319, 347 albicans, Leptosynapta, 85, 154, 185, 200, 218, 237, 285, 305, 350, 365, 401 albida, Glottidia, 163, 188, 205, 263, 315 aleutica, Rochefortia, 88, 156 Allocentrotus fragilis, 86, 286, 382 Amaeana occidentalis, 71, 123, 130, 192, 232, 293, 325, 342 Amage anops, 72, 133, 150, 177, 245, 283, 359, 374 sp., 72, 199, 270, 278, 325, 345 americana, Ceratocephala crosslandi, 75, 150, 184, 192, 208, 229, 284, 300, 329, 345 Eunice, 73, 136, 152, 168, 176, 192, 212, 233, 248, 274, 298, 326, 342, 356, 377 Glycera, 73, 130, 146, 167, 176, 197, 213, 229, 274, 293, 326, 361 Plakosyllis, 83, 361 Ammotrypane aulogaster, 74, 150, 192, 215, 280, 302, 325, 345, 356, 374, 396 pallida, 82, 364, 389 sp., 396 Ampelisca brevisimulata, 159, 223, 311 cristata, 157, 311 macrocephala, 157 pacifica, 159 vera, 159, 311 Spl7Z amphacantha, Amphiacantha, 85, 217, 237, 285, 305, 349, 382 Ampharete arctica, 74, 145, 178, 245, 379 spp., 80, 84, 282, 361, 389, 399 ampharetid, 74, 152, 183, 192, 208, 250, 259, 298, 318, 334, 342, 364, 380, 390, 399 Amphiacantha amphacantha. 85, 217, 237, 285, 305, 349, 382 Amphichondrius granulosus, 85, 217 laevis, 86, 285 Amphicteis mucronata, 77, 183, 279, 396 scaphobranchiata, 74, 145, 166, 178, 216, 237, 260, 270, 325, 346, 359, 378 spp., 72, 135, 198, 260, 284, 303, 345 Amphideutopus oculatus, 311 Amphiduros pacificus, 72, 80, 134, 282 sp., 72, 78, 134, 233 Amphiodia digitata, 85, 154, 200, 217, 237, 251, 285 occidentalis, 85, 154 urtica, 85, 137, 153, 170, 185, 201, 217, 237, 251, 285, 305, 334, 349, 365, 382, 400 sp., 86, 400 Amphioplus hexacanthus, 85, 153, 217 285 strongyloplax, 85, 125, 154, 170, 185, 217, 251, 285, 305, 334, 350, 365, 382 sp., 366 Amphipholis pugetana, 85, 137, 154, 201, 217, 286, 320, 335, 365, 383, 391, 401 squamata, 85, 137, 154, 185, 200, 218, 237, 251, 285, 305, 334, 349, 366, 382, 401 sp., 218 amphipods, 126, 139, 157, 171, 187, 203, NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: 222, 240, 252, 262, 288, 311, 321, 337, 352, 368, 385, 391, 403 Amphisamytha bioculata, 260 sp., 77, 184 Amphissa bicolor, 88, 203, 288 sp., 87, 125, 139, 185, 240, 309, 336, 402 Amphiura arcystata, 85, 125, 154, 185, 218, 251, 285, 320, 335, 349, 382 diastata, 86, 217, 237, 391 diomedeae, 86, 383, 401 gymnopora, 86, 320 seminuda, 85, 137, 320, 383 Ampithoe sp., 157 Amygdalum pallidulum, 87, 156, 202, 219, 262, 286, 350, 384 sp., 337 Anaitides groenlandica, 72, 135 madeirensis, 72, 131, 178, 212, 245, 298, 396 multiseriata, 80, 280 spp., 77, 180, 196, 208, 229, 249, 279, 280, 302, 331, 356 Ancistrosyllis breviceps, 136, 150, 152, 168, 178, 234, 259, 266, 282, 332, 346, 376 groenlandica, 284 anoculata, 81 tentaculata, 71, 122, 131, 152, 168, 176, 196, 208, 229, 257, 2H 293. 325.) S19 sp., 75, 78, 260 anemone, 127, 142, 189, 241, 262, 314, 322, 339, 353, 370, 371, 392, 404 annectens, Lysippe, 79, 195, 214, 237, 258, 275, 303, 318, 333, 361, 374, 398 annulata, Goniada, 73, 135, 182, 302 Lucinoma, 88, 186, 203, 220 Anobothrus gracilis, 75, 153, 216, 236, 284, 356, 379 sp., 75, 233, 347, 396 anoculata, Ancistrosyllis groenlandica, 81 Antinoella, 82, 364 Spiophanes, 78, 182, 259, 382, 389 anoculis, Nereis, 83, 365 anops, Amage, 72, 133, 150, 177, 245, 283, 359, 374 Anotomastus gordiodes, 75, 145, 293 anthurid, 253, 288, 352, 368, 385, 403 Antinoella anoculata, 82, 364 Spi Deel 52,1 16959250, 29' 75200, 283, 303 aorid, 171 Aoroides columbiae, 157 SUBMARINE CANYONS 411 Aphrodita japonica, 78, 236, 282, 331 refulgida, 72, 136 spp., 77, 183, 389 Apistobranchus sp., 80, 196 apodema, Cuspidaria, 89, 219, 252 Apomatus sp., 77 apseudid, 288, 368 Arabella iricolor, 81, 293 arctica, Ampharete, 74, 145, 178, 245, 379 Saxicava, 88 arcturid, 161 arcystata, Amphiura, 85, 125, 154, 185, 218, 251, 285, 320, 335, 349, 382 arenicolus glabrus, Oxydromus, 74, 131, N67, Wide 19385 2108232505257. 281, 295, 328, 343, 377 Arhynchite sp., 142, 173, 188, 226, 290, 386 Aricidea fauveli, 84, 396 lopezi, 72, 136, 145, 169, 178, 195, 208, 229, 234, 245, 284, 293, 325, 356, 380, 395 rubra, 81, 184, 284, 303, 363, 397 pacifica, 274 ramosa, 77, 183, 208, 303, 319, 333, 381, 397 suecica, 75, 145, 180, 213, 293, 325, 342, 380, 395 uschakowi, 75, 153, 182, 248, 258, 282, 293, 325, 347, 356, 374, 390 spp., 77, 181, 198, 199, 257, 270, 303, 362, 376 Aricidea (Aedicira) sp., 82, 318, 362 (Cirrophorus) aciculata, 75, 150, 208, 245, 302, 334 furcata, 83, 356 Armandia bioculata, 77, 192, 395 armata, Chaetozone, 274 armiger, Scoloplos, 84, 396 armigera, Glycinde, 78, 178, 215, 232, 300 arnoldi, Fusinus, 89, 219 Artacamella hancocki, 78, 195, 208, 245 articulata, Dorvillea, 73, 135, 176, 196, 212, 229, 274, 298, 378, 395 Sthenelais, 329 Aruga oculata, 157, 311 Asclerocheilus sp., 78, 184, 198 aspera, Peisidice, 77, 177, 282, 330, 360 assignis, Nephtys, 72, 124, 280, 301 asteroid, 366 Asteronyx loveni, 86, 261, 286, 306 Astropecten californicus, 85, 154, 200 Astrophiura marionae, 86, 391 412 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Asychis disparidentata, 71, 122, 131, 180, 233, 277, 300, 318, 329, 377 gotoi, 82, 349 sp., 76, 81, 169, 282, 349, 390 atlantica subsp., Dorvillea, 82, 346 aulogaster, Ammotrypane, 74, 150, 192, 215, 280, 302, 325, 345, 356, 374, 396 Autolytus spp., 75, 145, 184 Axinopsida serricatus, 87, 138, 156, 201, 220, 239, 252, 286, 307 sp., 91, 170, 367 Axiothella rubrocincta, 72, 132, 150, 298 spp., 72, 136, 145, 167, 182, 196, 208, 235, 257, 279, 303, 325, 342, 361, 378 bairdi, Ophiacantha, 86, 391, Turcicula, 90, 222, 402 bakeri, Ovhiopholis, 85, 201, 218, 366, 383, 401 balanid, 161 Balcis rutila, 87, 155, 201, 239, 252 sp., 88, 221, 366, 402 Barantolla sp., 71, 123, 334, 397 barbarensis, Thyasira, 90, 202, 220, 239 bassi, Lumbrineris, 81, 302 bellii oculata, Marphysa, 81, 275, 327 berkeleyi, Pilargis, 80, 123, 213, 234, 276, 298, 328 bicanaliculata, Platynereis, 76, 148, 331 bicirrata, Lumbrineris, 73, 134, 181, 193, 209, 230, 278, 301, 330, 345, 361, 374 bicolor, Amphissa, 88, 203, 288 bicuspidatus, Paraphoxus, 140, 223, 312 bifilaris, Lumbrineris, 79, 214, 234 bifoliata, Eumida, 84, 396 bilineata, Hynoeulalia, 275 bioculata, Amphisamytha, 266 Armandia, 77, 192, 395 bitorquata, Rhodine, 72, 124, 151, 179, 215, 280, 300, 328, 348, 364, 398 Bittium catalinense, 88, 203 rugatum subplanatum, 88, 221 sp., 87, 138, 171, 186, 238, 288, 307, 350, 367 bodegensis, Tellina, 90, 220 Boltenia sp., 370 bombyx, Spiophanes, 74, 130, 149, 358 Brada glabra, 78, 212, 302, 332, 342, 378, 390, 397 pilosa, 71, 124, 152, 168, 182, 198, 208, 232, 248, 282, 293, 319, 325, 347, 359, 378 pluribranchiata, 71, 122, 134, 150, 197, 208, 233, 248, 279, 300, 342, 374 VOR27 spp., 79, 192 branchiopoda, Glycera capitata, 75, 152, 183, 260, 270, 283, 303, 318, 333, 381 Branchiostoma sp., 141, 315 brasiliensis, Ericthonius, 157 brevicapitis, Sphaerodorum, 84, 390 breviceps, Ancistrosyllis, 136, 150, 152, 168, 178, 234, 259, 266, 282, 332, 346, 376 brevis, Travisia, 82 brevisimulata, Ampelisca, 159, 223, 311 Brisaster townsendi, 85, 125, 137, 154, 170, 185, 201, 218, 237, 251, 270. 285, 305, 383, 401 Brissopsis pacifica, 85, 137, 170, 185, 201, 218, 237, 251, 270, 286, 305, 320, 335, 350, 366, 382, 401 brunnea, Exogonella, 78, 180 Goniada, 73, 130, 146, 166, 176, 193, 209, 230, 245, 258, 274, 294, 326, 345, 374, 400 bryozoan, 141, 163, 188, 370, 386, 392, 404 Cadulus fusiformis, 88, 201, 219 tolmiei, 88, 186, 220, 239, 262, 310, 321 spp., 87, 139, 157, 170, 186, 220, 286, 308, 335, 351, 383, 402 caeca, Leaena, 83, 380, 389 caecids, 90, 337 caecoides, Nephtys, 73, 130, 147, 295 caelorus, Lepidonotus, 77, 181, 199, 360, 380 Calamyzas sp., 79, 216 calcigera, Cucumaria, 86, 365 calcis, Leanira, 79 calida, Califia, 75, 153, 168, 184, 216, 250, 257, 266, 281, 304, 318, 332, 348, 379 Califia calida, 75, 153, 168, 184, 216, 250, 257, 266, 281, 304, 318, 332, 348, 379 californica, Admete, 88, 252 Cardiomya, 88, 221 Eteone, 73, 130, 146, 180, 212, 235, 279 Eulima, 89 Hemilamprops, 160, 313, 369 Magelona, 83, 357 Photis, 158 Tindaria, 90, 262 californicum, Prochaetoderma, 87 californicus, Astropecten, 85, 154, 200 Hypsicomus, 77 Polycirrus, 76, 151 Rathbunaster, 85 californiensis, Lumbrineris, 73, 130, NO. 2 OLGA HARTMAN: Te 7 Us 21552795299 Mediomastus, 73, 132, 147, 195, 210, 230, 248, 294, 327, 343 Myriowenia, 75, 151, 357 Nephtys, 79, 193 Pectinaria, 72, 123, 131, 151, 166, 177, 196, 210, 231, 246, 276, 295, 330, 343, 360, 375 Callianassa sp., 141, 172, 188 Calliostoma sp., 87, 139 Campylaspis canaliculata, 161, 404 sp., 126, 140, 172, 225, 241, 289, 313, 338, 386, 404 canaliculata, Campylaspis, 161, 404 Cancer sp., 162 cancroid, 187 candida, Cossura, 76, 169, 180, 192, 209, 229, 257, 274, 293, 319; 325, 342, 363, 380, 399 capitata subspp., Capitella, 71, 124, 149, 176, 229, 297, 331 Glycera, 71, 83, 122, 131, 150, 166, 178, 193, 209, 230, 245, 277, 296, 330, 342, 362, 374, 389, 397 branchiopoda, Glycera, 75, 152, 183, 260, 270, 283, 303, 318, 333, 381 oculata, Capitella, 134, 212 capitatus, Pisaster, 85, 170 Capitella capitata subspp., 71, 124, 149, 176, 229, 297, 331 oculata, 134, 212 sp., 200 capitellid, 79, 83, 192, 198, 236, 381 caprellid, 139, 161, 187, 203, 224, 240, 289, 312, 321, 337, 352, 385, 403 capulata, Pherusa, 80, 196, 276, 299, 328, 343, 361 Cardiomya californica, 88, 221 pectinata, 88, 201, 221, 239 Cardita ventricosa, 87, 155, 186, 221, 287, 309 sp., 87, 139, 351, 384 carinata, Mitrella, 90, 307, 351 Carinoturris adristia, 156 sp., 87 carlottensis, Nucula, 89, 219 carpenteri, Tellina, 88, 155, 186, 202, 219, 239, 287, 367, 402 carpenteriana, Megasurcula, 89, 219 castanea, Genetyllis, 81, 274 castrensis, Acila, 87, 137, 155, 203, 219, 238, 309, 337, 385 catalinense, Bittium, 88, 203 catalinensis, Heterospio, 82 Caulleriella sp., 82, 325 caulleryi, Polydora, 83, 363 centifilosum, Nemocardium, 89, 221, 308 SUBMARINE CANYONS 413 Ceratocephala crosslandi americana, 75, 150, 184, 192, 208, 229, 284, 300, 329, 345 loveni pacifica, 82, 319 Ceratonereis paucidentata, 82, 332 Cerebratulus sp., 141, 226, 289, 315, 339 ceriantharian, 142, 162, 189, 226, 253, 290, 314, 322, 370, 386 chacei, Pseudopythina, 222 Chaetozone armata, 274 corona, 75, 145, 293 gracilis, 77, 183, 333, 380 setosa, 79, 214, 274, 395 spinosa, 75, 145, 184, 347, 356, 399 spp., 71, 75, 83, 123, 235, 250, 260, 293, 362, 381 Chelyosoma sp., 370 chiton, 91, 366, 384, 402 Chlamys latiauratus, 87, 155, 308 Chloeia pinnata, 71, 122, 131, 150, 167, 177, 192, 208, 229, 245, 274, 301, 325, 345, 378, 395 Chone gracilis, 75, 145, 342 infundibuliformis, 72, 133, 145 sp., 75, 182, 214, 217, 235, 248, 284, 301, 356, 379 cinctus, Plexechinus, 86, 391 cingulata, Clymenopsis, 83, 362, 399 cirolanid, 368, 385 cirrata, Laonice, 73, 147, 209, 294 cirratulid, 79, 83, 198, 236, 249, 257, 259, 270, 390 Cirratulus cirratus, 77 spp., 76, 169, 183, 198, 258, 303, 379 cirratus, Cirratulus, 77 cirrifera, Prionospio, 72, 124, 132, 169, 179, 214, 231, 247, 284, 295, 332, 375 (Cirrophorus) aciculata, Aricidea, 75, 150, 208, 245, 302, 334 furcata, Aricidea, 83, 356 clam, 125, 157, 171, 186, 202, 261, 307, 310, 321, 336, 351, 367, 384, 391 Clymenopsis cingulata, 83, 362, 399 coelenterate, 371 collarifera, Pherusa, 82, 333, 363, 398 collaris, Owenia fusiformis, 76, 147 columbiae, Aoroides, 157 columbianum, Solamen, 89, 202, 239 Colus sp., 87, 156 Compsomyax subdiaphana, 88, 201, 308 sp., 88, 171, 238, 287 conceptionis, Nuculana, 89, 239 conchylega, Nothria, 83, 380, 400 conferta, Marphysa, 78, 278 convoluta, Glycera, 75, 146 414 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS copepod, 127, 162, 187, 241, 314, 338 coral, 370 cornuta, Nephtys, 72, 124, 236 Vermiliopsis, 77 corona, Chaetozone, 75, 145, 293 corynetes, Ophiocynodus, 85, 185, 286 cosmica, Ophiacantha, 86, 401 Cossura candida, 76, 169, 180, 192, 209, 229, 257, 274, 293, 319, 325, 342, 363, 380, 399 pygodactvlata, 72, 131 spp., 72, 135, 150, 274, 363 costarum, Telepsavus, 76, 149, 177, 196, 212, 234, 247, 329, 359 crab, 127, 141, 162, 172, 204, 241, 289, 311, 353, 369, 404 crassibranchia, Streblosoma, 72, 123, 149, 180, 236, 300, 361 crassicirrata, Harmothoé, 84, 389 crassifilis, Acrocirrus, 78, 198 crax, Cucumaria, 85 Crenella decussata, 90, 308 sp., 91, 402 crenulatifrons, Gnathia, 161, 224, 312 Crepidula sp., 87, 155, 367 cristata, Ampelisca, 157, 311 Maldane, 82, 319, 333 Pista, 80, 194, 211, 247, 299, 328 cristatus, Podocerus, 160 crosslandi americana, Ceratocephala, 75, 150, 184, 192, 208, 229, 284, 300, 329, 345 cruzensis, Lumbrineris, 73, 132, 149, 178, 193, 213, 230, 249, 258, 275, 296, 330, 343, 360, 376 Crystallophrisson hartmani, 88 riedli, 88 rubrum, 88 scabrum, 88 spp., 138, 157, 170, 186, 201, 261, 309, 321, 335, 351, 383, 403 Cucumaria calcigera, 86, 365 crax, 85 culcitella, Acteocina, 218 intermedia, Acteocina, 88 cumacean, 140, 160, 172, 187, 204, 240, 313, 369, 385 Cumella sp., 160, 225, 338, 369 Cuspidaria apodema, 89, 219, 252 sp., 90, 309, 351, 385 Cyathodonta pedroana, 87 sp., 125, 138, 286 Cyathura sp., 140 cyclia, Adontorhina, 87, 156, 221, 252 Cyclopecten sp., 90, 336 Cylichnella diegensis, 89, 137, 202, 220, 307 sp., 87, 155, 351, 384, 403 Cymatosyrinx halocydne, 89, 202 VOL. 27 Dacrydium pacificum, 90, 310, 321, 351, 367, 384, 402 sp., 391 Dasybranchus sp., 79, 198 Decamastus gracilis, 75, 153, 196, 212 decussata, Crenella, 90, 308 dehiscens, Semele, 88, 187 Delectopecten sp., 91, 367 Dendraster excentricus, 85, 154, 335 Dentalium neohexagonum, 90, 308 rectius, 87, 125, 138, 156, 203, 219, 238, 286, 5095 337, So sp., 91, 220, 309, 384 Dermatomya tenuiconcha, 89, 262 diastata, Amphiura, 86, 217, 237, 391 diastylid, 160, 225 Diastylis pellucida, 126, 140, 204, 241, 289, 338, 386 : stygia, 204, 224, 313, 338, 352 sp., 126, 161, 240 Diastylopsis tenuis, 160, 313 dicirris, Aglaophamus, 78, 208, 235, 283, 329, 374 diegensis, Cylichnella, 89, 137, 202, 220, 307 digitata, Amphiodia, 85, 154, 200, 217, 237, 251, 285 dilatae, Eteone, 73, 131 diomedeae, Amphiura, 86, 383, 401 Diopatra ornata, 75, 145, 192, 274 sp., 274 diplasia, Ophiacantha, 85 Diplocirrus sp., 79, 215 discus, Periploma, 90, 308 disjuncta, Marphysa, 78, 178, 193, 213, 236, 279 Pista, 74, 133, 148, 166, 179, 213, 231, 249, 276, 295, 330, 344, 375, 400 Disoma franciscanum, 71, 122, 212, 229 disparidentata, Asychis, 71, 122, 131, 180, 233, 277, 300, 318, 329, 377 Dodecaceria sp., 83, 359 Dorvillea articulata, 73, 135, 176, 196, 212, 229, 274, 298, 378, 395 atlantica subsp., 82, 346 gracilis, 78, 176» moniloceras, 79, 234 spp., 73, 135, 136, 376 Drilonereis longa, 79, 245, 326, 348 nuda, 79, 195, 209, 274, 298, 326, 342, 356, 378 sp., 75, 78, 145, 178, 209, 249, 260, 266, 304, 319, 361, 376, 399 dubia, Jaeropsis, 161 Echinocyamus terminalis, 86 sp., 86, 320, 401 echinoid, 365 NO. 2 echiuroid, 127, 163, 188, 205, 241, 253, 262, 290, 315, 322, 339 elegans, Nothria, 74, 132, 294, 330 elongata, Pista, 77 elongatus, Haploscoloplos, 73, 130, 146, 166, 193, 209, 230, 248, 274, 294, 318, 326, 346, 364, 376, 399 ensifera, Yoldia, 87, 138 enteropneust, 127, 163, 173, 205, 226, 241, 263, 290, 315, 322, 339, 353, 371, 405 epistomus, Paraphoxus, 139, 158, 172, 312 Epitonium sp., 87, 139, 307 erectans, Aglaophamus, 77, 183, 233, 281, 302, 344, 378 eremita, Onuphis, 74, 135 Ericthonius brasiliensis, 157 eriopsis, Listriella, 140, 311 Erycina sp., 90, 336 Eteone californica, 73, 130, 146, 180, PIV PR PALS) dilatae, 73, 131 SPP 7551 Siy 15 657229) 295,552,556 Euchone sp., 75, 146, 250, 259, 279, 356 Euclymene reticulata, 82, 348 SP 2s 19 els e29e 250,125,200, 303, 334, 365, 379 euclymenid, 75, 152 Eudorella pacifica, 126, 225, 253, 313, 338, 369 sp., 140, 160, 187, 204, 225 Eudorellopsis longirostris, 225, 338, 352 Eulalia spp., 71, 75, 78, 122, 146, 229 Eulima californica, 89 sp., 240, 287, 307, 367 Eumida bifoliata, 84, 396 sanguinea, 75, 146, 192 tubiformis 76, 167 spp., 78, 81, 176, 192, 233, 248, ZHi2O5, 3260359 Eunice americana, 73, 136, 152, 168, 176, 192, 212, 233, 248, 274, 298, 326, 342, 356, 377 multipectinata, 78 sp., 83, 376 Eupagurus sp., 162 Euphrosine spp., 77, 198, 359 Eupolymnia sp., 81, 297 eurybrachyplax, Ophionereis, 86, 366 Eurystheus thompsoni, 158 Evarnella fragilis, 79, 198 excentricus, Dendraster, 85, 154, 335 Exogone uniformis, 75, 176, 195, 209, 330, 397 sp., 75, 146 Exogonella brunnea, 78, 180 fasciata, Pista, 81, 282 fatigans, Paraphoxus, 158 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 415 fauveli, Aricidea, 84, 396 Loandalia, 81, 296 ferruginea, Nephtys, 73, 132, 147, 195, 210; 232; 246, 275, 297, 327, 343, 377 filobranchus, Heteromastus, 71, 122, 130, 150, 168, 182, 197, 213, 232, 257, 281, 294, 333 filosa, Pandora, 87, 125 fimbriata, Spiophanes, 74, 135, 152, 180, 197, 211, 231, 247, 260, 277, 298, 329, 363, 398 Flabelligera infundibularis, 77 sp., 83, 362 flabelligerid, 79, 235, 399 flat-fish, 290 foliata, Laonice, 73, 133, 199, 214, 230, 245, 279, 294, 296, 326, 345, 360, 374, 389 foliolata, Luidia, 86, 286 fossor, Sternaspis, 72, 123, 134, 151, 211, 277, 300, 329, 344, 364, 375 fragilis, Allocentrotus, 86, 286, 382 Evarnella, 79, 198 franciscanum, Disoma, 71, 122, 212, 229 ‘fratula, Limifossor, 89, 252, 261, 271 frequens, Metaphoxus, 223, 312 fulgens, Harpinia, 159 furcata, Aricidea (Cirrophorus), 83, 356 fusiformis, Cadulus, 88, 201, 219 collaris, Owenia, 76, 147 Fusinus arnoldi, 89, 219 gammarid, 140 gastropod, 138, 220, 239, 261, 307, 336, 367, 402, 403 geminata, Haliophasma, 161, 224, 312 gemmea, Ninoé, 74, 131, 149, 166, 176, 200; 213; 231, 278,298; 320, 327; 348, 365, 381 Genetyllis castanea, 81, 274 sp., 75, 146 gigas, Travisia, 74, 132 glabra, Brada, 78, 212, 302, 332, 342, 378, 390, 397 Nephtys, 74, 135, 151, 275 Pholoé, 72, 123, 130, 148, 177, 194, 210, 231, 246, 258, 278, 299, 328, 344, 358, 375 glabrus, Mediomastus, 73, 133 Oxydromus arenicolus, 74, 131, 167, 177, 193, 210, 231, 250, 257, 281, 295, 328, 343, 377 globula, Sphenia, 90, 239 Glottidia albida, 163, 188, 205, 263, 315 Glycera americana, 73, 130, 146, 167, 176, 197, 213, 229, 274, 293, 326, 361 416 capitata, 71, 83, 122, 131, 150, 166, 178, 193, 209, 230; 245, 277, 296, 330, 342, 362, 374, 389, 397 branchiopoda, 75, 152, 183, 260, 270, 283, 303, 318, 333, 381 convoluta, 75, 146 oxycephala, 83, 356 robusta, 73, 133, 230, 279, 296, 345 tenuis, 73, 136, 184, 297 tesselata, 79, 195, 333, 359, 396 Spps 73, 236; 326, 3795395 Glycinde armigera, 78, 178, 215, 232, 300 polygnatha, 73, 132 wireni, 78, 182 SPs Sil 2505 2o5 552 Glyphanostomum pallescens, 79, 217 Gnathia crenulatifrons, 161, 224, 312 sp., 253, 288, 352, 368 goleta, Listriella, 311 Golfingia macginitiei, 289 sp., 142, 353 Goniada acicula, 75, 146 annulata, 73, 135, 182, 302 brunnea, 73, 130, 146, 166, 176, 193, 209, 230, 245, 258, 274, 294, 326, 345, 374, 400 littorea, 81, 294, 342 sp., 76, 136, 168, 361 gordiodes, Anotomastus, 75, 145, 293 gorgonian, 189 gotoi, Asychis, 82, 349 gracilis, Anobothrus, 75, 153, 216, 236, 284, 356, 379 Chaetozone, 77, 183, 333, 380 Chone, 75, 145, 342 Decamastus, 75, 153, 196, 212 Dorvillea, 78, 176 Myriochele, 73, 134, 151, 169, 181, 193, 210, 215, 236, 246, 250, 279, 318, 330, 343, 357, 374 Paraonis, 72, 123, 133, 148, 179, 196, 210, 234, 246, 276, 295, 318, 328, 346, 358, 375, 398 Praxillella, 78, 179, 211, 247, 276, 331, 375, 389, 400 oculata, Paraonis, 80, 257, 334, 348 granulosus, Amphichondrius, 85, 217 groenlandica, Anaitides, 72, 135 Ancistrosyllis, 284 anoculata, Ancistrosyllis, 81 gymnopora, Amphiura, 86, 320 Haliophasma geminata, 161, 224, 312 halocydne, Cymatosyrinx, 89, 202 hamata, Leda, 402 Nuculana, 89, 219 hamatus, Pilargis, 74, 182, 302, 334 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 hancocki, Artacamella, 78, 195, 208, 245 Haploops tubicola, 159 Haploscoloplos elongatus, 73, 130, 146, 166, 193, 209, 230, 248, 274, 294, 318, 326, 346, 364, 376, 399 Harenactis sp., 162, 314, 339, 404 Harmothoé crassicirrata, 84, 389 imbricata, 376 lunulata, 76, 167, 181, 193, 209, 232, 281, 294, 326, 342, 378 priops, 75, 146, 230, 294, 326 scriptoria, 83, 357 sp., 71, 76, 79, 122, 133, 146, 166, 178, 197, 209, 234, 235, 245, 279, 300, 301, 374, 396 harmothoid, 84, 184, 234, 249, 332, 400 harpacticoid, 338 Harpinia fulgens, 159 sp., 171, 224 hartmani, Crystallophrisson, 88 Hauchiella sp., 79, 198 Hemilamprops californica, 160, 313, 369 hemipodus, Leiochrides, 76, 169, 250, 258, 282, 304, 319, 333, 347, 364, 379, 389 Notomastus, 82, 184, 299 hesionid, 79, 284, 297, 380 Hesperonoé laevis, 71, 124, 132, 150, 178, 233, 245, 299 Shs Hl, ZEE See) heterochaeta, Langerhansia, 79, 213, 299 Heterocrypta sp., 162 heterocuspidatus, Paraphoxus, 159 heterodonta, Melinna, 73, 134, 168, 179, 197, 216, 233, 260, 282, 294, 346, 376 Heteromastus filobranchus, 71, 122, 130, 150) 168, 182° °197) 213; 23006257, 281, 294, 333 sp., 83, 376 heteropaes, Sclerasterias, 85, 200 Heterophoxus oculatus, 140, 159, 171, 223, 311 sp., 222 Heterospio catalinensis, 82 Sp S19 heteruropus, Acuminodeutopus, 159 hexacanthus, Amphioplus, 85, 153, 217, 285 hiltoni, Schistocomus, 76, 148 holothurian, 86, 251, 305 holothuroid, 200, 365 homilis, Phoxocephalus, 160, 223 hyalina, Typosyllis, 78 Hyalinoecia juvenalis, 81, 299 hydroid, 127, 141, 162, 241, 339, 371, 386 NO. 2 Hypoeulalia bilineata, 275 Sp: 71, 199 Hypsicomus californicus, 77 Idunella sp., 172 Ilyarachna acarina, 224 sp., 253, 288 imbricata, Harmothoé, 376 incongrua, Macoma, 89, 221, 239 index, Lumbrineris, 71, 122, 166, 182, IA 230, AD, 20, SHI SPA SAS inflata, Pherusa, 77 inflatum, Scalibregma, 74, 130, 150, 194, 211, 235, 259, 300, 329, 358, 378, 390 infundibularis, Flabelligera, 77 infundibuliformis, Chone, 72, 133, 145 infundibulum, Myxicola, 81, 275 Vermiliopsis, 77 ingens, Siphonosoma, 188 intermedia, Acteocina culcitella, 88 Molpadia, 86, 200, 218, 305, 350, 382 interrupta, Lepidasthenia, 79, 195 iricolor, Arabella, 81, 293 iridescens, Nothria, 72, 123, 135, 151, 168, 179, 246, 276, 301, 332, 347, Si 7 Ischyrocerus sp., 158 Isocirrus sp., 73, 136, 275, 300, 326 isopod, 126, 187, 204, 240, 337, 352, 368, 385, 392, 403 Jaeropsis dubia, 161 japonica, Aphrodita, 78, 236, 282, 331 Scionella, 84, 389 johnsoni, Poecilochaetus, 76, 148, 179, 280, 297, 330 iohnstoni, Thormora, 82, 300 jolliensis, Ophiomusium, 85, 170, 185, 261, 305, 320, 383, 401 juvenalis, Hyalinoecia, 81, 299 Kellia sp., 90, 308 kofoidi, Ophiura, 86, 320, 335 Laeospira sp., 77 laevis, Amphichondrius, 86, 285 Hesperonoé, 71, 124, 132, 150, 178, 233, 245, 299 Lagisca multisetosa, 78 sp., 79, 199, 270, 283 Langerhansia heterochaeta, 79, 213, 299 Lanice sp., 73, 136, 209, 303, 357, 376, 397 Laonice cirrata, 73, 147, 209, 294 foliata, 73, 133, 199, 214, 230, 245, 279, 294, 296, 326, 345, 360, 374, 389 sp., 79, 193, 209, 259, 275, 334, 360, 361, 397 latiauratus, Chlamys, 87, 155, 308 latreilli, Lumbrineris, 81, 275, 299, 381 Leaena caeca, 83, 380, 389 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 417 Leanira alba, 82, 319, 347 calcis, 79 sp., 214, 304 Leda hamata, 402 sp., 89, 221, 367, 402 leech, 242, 322, 386 Leiochrides hemipodus, 76, 169, 250, 258, 282, 304, 319, 333, 347, 364, 379, 389 sp., 76, 398 Lepidametria sp., 71, 124 Lepidasthenia interrupta, 79, 195 longicirrata, 71, 297 sp., 71, 122, 132, 166, 180, 230, PA, BAAS. SIS) Lepidonotus caelorus, 77, 181, 199, 360, 380 leptoctenia, Ophiura, 86, 350, 383, 391, 401 leptonoidea, Macoma, 89, 240 Leptophoxus sp., 224 Leptostylis villosa, 204, 225, 338 Leptosynapta albicans, 85, 154, 185, 200, 218, 237, 285, 305, 350, 365, 401 sp., 85, 261, 335, 382 Leucon subnasica, 126, 140, 161, 225, 338 sp., 140, 160, 241, 322, 352 Limatula sp., 90, 287 limicola, Lumbrineris, 78, 181, 209, 248, 301, 348, 389, 400 limicolus, Phyllochaetopterus, 76, 148, 166, 184, 196, 211, 233, 258, 266, 280, 301, 318, 333, 346, 364, 381, 395 Limifossor fratula, 89, 252, 261, 271 limpet, 368 lineatus, Notomastus, 74, 130, 357, 395 lineus, Lumbriclymene, 81, 303, 390, 399 Neoheteromastus, 72, 124 Linga sp., 90, 308 Listriella eriopsis, 140, 311 goleta, 311 melanica, 158 Listriolobus pelodes, 141, 226, 253 littorea, Goniada, 81, 294, 342 Loandalia fauveli, 81, 296 lobatus, Notomastus, 84, 398 longa, Drilonereis, 79, 245, 326, 348 longensis, Lumbrineris, 75, 153, 284, 349, 374 longicirrata, Lepidasthenia, 71, 297 longirostris, Eudorellopsis, 225, 338, 352 longisetosum, Rhamphobrachium, 83, 358 longispina, Ophiopholis, 86, 201, 383 418 lopezi, Aricidea, 72, 136, 145, 169, 178, 195, 208, 229, 234, 245, 284, 293, 325, 356, 380, 395 rubra, Aricidea, 81, 184, 284, 303, 3635.39! loveni, Asteronyx, 86, 261, 286, 306 pacifica, Ceratocephala, 82, 319 Lucina sp., 89, 221 Luciniscea nuttallii, 87, 155 Lucinoma annulata, 88, 186, 203, 220 lucubrans, Paraphoxus, 158 Luidia foliolata, 86, 286 lumbricalis, Nicomache, 81, 283, 398 Lumbriclymene lineus, 81, 303, 390, 399 sp., 77, 81, 320, 349 Lumbrineris acuta, 81, 296, 357 bassi, 81, 302 bicirrata, 73, 134, 181, 193, 209, 230, 278, 301, 330, 345, 361, 374 bifilaris, 79, 214, 234 californiensis, 73, 130, 147, 181, 215, 279, 299 cruzensis, 73, 132, 149, 178, 193, 213, 230, 249, 258, 275, 296 330, 343, 360, 376 index, 71, 122, 166, 182, 197, 230, 275, 297, 327, 362, 376 latreilli, 81, 275, 299, 381 limicola, 78, 181, 209, 248, 301, 348, 389, 400 longensis, 75, 153, 284, 349, 374 minima, 81, 294 sarsi, 73, 132 simplicis, 73, 134 tetraura, 79, 234 spp., 73, 77, 130, 147, 168, 176, 193, 246, 257, 266, 280, 294, 319, 327, 347, 357, 379, 398 lunulata, Harmothoé, 76, 167, 181, 193, 209, 232, 281, 294, 326, 342, 378 liitkeni, Ophiura, 85, 218, 305, 335, 350, 365, 382 lymani, Ophiomusium, 86, 350 Lyonsiella alaskana, 90, 310, 351 lysianassid, 139, 159, 223, 312 Lysippe annectens, 79, 195, 214, 237, 258, 275, 303, 318, 333, 361, 374, 398 sp., 79, 266, 363 macginitiei, Golfingia, 289 Macoma incongrua, 89, 221, 239 leptonoidea, 89, 240 yoldiformis, 89, 202, 308 spp., 89, 203, 221, 287, 309 macrocephala, Ampelisca, 157 Macrostylis sp., 312 maculata, Nerinides, 80, 195, 214 Pilargis, 72, 133, 181, 194, 213, 232, 249, 278, 295, 328, 378 Praxillura, 83, 381 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS vouL2/ madeirensis, Anaitides, 72, 131, 178, 212, 245, 298, 396 Maera sp., 159 Magelona californica, 83, 357 pacifica, 71, 122, 147, 246, 299, 327 sacculata, 75, 147, 232 sp., 81, 294 magna, Ophelia, 80, 214 magnus, Notomastus, 81, 276, 327, 347, 364 Makrokylindrus sp., 338 Maldane cristata, 82, 319, 333 sarsi, 71, 122, 134, 147, 167, 178, 197, 209, 232, 248, 275, 297, 31953273716 spp., 71, 82, 258, 345 Maldanella robusta, 79, 195 sp., 79, 360 maldanid, 78, 181, 236, 249, 259, 283, 327, 343, 362, 400 Malletia pacifica, 89, 240 malmgreni, Prionospio, 74, 131, 148, 177, 194, 211, 231, 247, 277, 295, 328, 358, 377 Mangelia sp., 89, 221, 307 Margarites sp., 91, 403 marionae, Astrophiura, 86, 391 Marphysa bellii oculata, 81, 275, 327 conferta, 78, 278 disjuncta, 78, 178, 193, 213, 236, 279 Mediaster aequalis, 85 Mediomastus californiensis, 73, 132, 147, 195, 210, 230, 248, 294, 327, 343 glabrus, 73, 133 Magalomma splendida, 79, 210, 246 Jaks tails 27, SOY/ Megasurcula carpenteriana, 89, 219 melanica, Listriella, 158 Melinna heterodonta, 73, 134, 168, 179, 197, 216, 233, 260, 282, 294, 346, 376 sp., 82, 179, 233, 318, 343 Melinnexis moorei, 81, 283, 389 sp., 77, 169, 183, 250, 259, 303, 360, 364 Metaphoxus frequens, 223, 312 sp., 222 minima, Lumbrineris, 81, 294 minutum, Sphaerodoridium, 80, 211, 331, 344 missionensis, Spiophanes, 76, 149, 181, 194, 211, 278, 300, 329, 344, 359 Mitrella carinata, 90, 307, 351 permodesta, 88, 171, 187, 222, 240, VEY Fa/AS YB OaY2-3- Fa) 2 337, 384 tuberosa, 90, 307 spp., 87, 155, 156, 203 NO. 2 Modiolus neglectus, 87, 155 sp., 90, 336 mollusk, 155, 335, 402 Molpadia intermedia, 86, 200, 218, 305, 350, 382 sp., 366 monilaris, Tharyx, 76, 151, 180, 212, 235, 247, 278, 296, 318, 329, 344, 363, 379 moniloceras, Dorvillea, 79, 234 Monobrachium sp., 142, 225, 253, 289, 353 Monstrilla sp., 338 moorei, Melinnexis, 81, 283, 389 mucronata, Amphicteis, 77, 183, 279, 396 mucronatus, Potamethus, 78, 183, 250, 258, 284 multipectinata, Eunice, 78 multiseriata, Anaitides, 80, 280 multisetosa, Lagisca, 78 Munna sp., 224, 368 Myriochele gracilis, 73, 134, 151, 169, 181, 193, 210, 215, 236, 246, 250, 279, 318, 330, 343, 357, 374 pygidialis, 84, 318, 397 sp., 75, 153, 302, 330, 362, 381, 398 Myriowenia californiensis, 75, 151, 357 mysid, 404 Myxicola infundibulum, 81, 275 Myxoderma platyacanthum, 86, 237 Naineris uncinata, 83, 357 sp., 83, 381 Nassarius perpinguis, 87, 156, 307 sp., 89, 202, 367 nebaliacean, 188 nebalian, 338, 385 nebulosa, Onuphis, 80, 210, 280, 357, 395 neglectus, Modiolus, 87, 155 nematodes, 163, 370 nemertean, 127, 141, 163, 172, 188, 205, 226, 241, 254, 262, 289, 314, 322, 339, 353, 370, 386, 392, 404 Nemocardium centifilosum, 89, 221, 308 Neoheteromastus lineus, 72, 124 neohexagonum, Dentalkium, 90, 308 neonigripes, Nereis pelagica, 78, 177 neopapillata, Pherusa, 80, 197, 210, 233, 251, 276, 299, 330, 343 nephtyid, 77, 169, 281, 283, 363, 377, 397 Nephtys assignis, 72, 124, 280, 301 caecoides, 73, 130, 147, 295 californiensis, 79, 193 cornuta, 72, 124, 236 ferruginea, 73, 132, 147, 195, 210, 232, 246, 275, 297, 327, 343, Si/0/ glabra, 74, 135, 151, 275 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 419 spp., 74, 133, 147, 167, 179, 197, 214, 230, 248, 278, 298, 333, 361 nereid, 79, 184, 199, 216 Nereis anoculis, 83, 365 pelagica neonigripes, 78, 177 procera, 72, 123, 1353 1475 167, 176; 197, 210, 230, 275, 295, 327, 345, 357 sp., 79, 233, 246, 280, 295, 298, 377 Nerinides maculata, 80, 195, 214 pigmentata, 80, 210, 294, 327 Nicippe tumida, 160 Nicomache lumbricalis, 81, 283, 398 personata, 81, 276 sp., 77, 258, 360, 380 Ninoé gemmea, 74, 131, 149, 166, 176, ZOOM 21S 2327829852085 271. 348, 365, 381 normani, Ophiacantha, 366, 383, 402 Nothria conchylega, 83, 380, 400 elegans, 74, 132, 294, 330 iridescens, 72, 123, 135, 151, 168, 179, 246, 276, 301, 332, 347, 377 pallida, 72, 124, 133, 166, 197, 213, 231, 248, 282, 302, 349, 377, spp., 74, 133, 147, 298, 327, 345, 363, 390 Notomastus hemipodus, 82, 184, 299 lineatus, 74, 130, 357, 395 lobatus, 84, 398 magnus, 81, 276, 327, 347, 364 precocis, 82, 348 tenuis, 76, 152, 176, 213, 234, 246, 276, 301, 328, 375 spp., 76, 80, 153, 215, 280, 297, 328, 345, 347, 362, 364, 380, 400 Notoproctus pacificus, 84, 399 Nucula carlottensis, 89, 219 tenuis, 87, 156 spp., 89, 221, 309, 384 Nuculana conceptionis, 89, 239 hamata, 89, 219 spargana, 89, 239 sp., 287, 367 nuda, Drilonereis, 79, 195, 209, 274, 298, 326, 342, 356, 378 nudibranch, 155, 309 nudus, Phylo, 77, 347 nuttallii, Lucinisca, 87, 155 obtusidens, Paraphoxus, 158 occidentalis, Amaeana, 71, 123, 130, 192, 232, 293, 325, 342 Amphiodia, 85, 154 oculata, Aruga, 157, 311 Capitella capitata, 134, 212 Marphysa bellii, 81, 275, 327 Paraonis gracilis, 80, 257, 334, 348 86, 335, 350, 420 oculatus, Amphideutopus, 311 Heterophoxus, 140, 159, 171, 223, 311 Paraphoxus, 160 Odontosyllis phosphorea, 81, 280, 357 sp., 83, 358 Odostomia sp., 88, 156 oedicerotid, 158, 223 olens, Travisia, 80, 249 oligochaete, 142, 163, 242, 290, 315, 353 onuphid, 83, 266, 357, 395 Onuphis eremita, 74, 135 nebulosa, 80, 210, 280, 357, 395 patvay 767 15leelG7, 01795 195.) 21105 232, 246, 278, 299, 330, 343, 375 vexillaria, 74, 135, 152, 168, 182, 216, 231, 281, 301, 320, 348, 400 spp., 80, 199, 234, 249, 259, 301 Ophelia magna, 80, 214 Ophiacantha abnormis, 85, 154 bairdi, 86, 391 cosmica, 86, 401 diplasia, 85 normani, 86, 335, 350, 366, 383, 402 pacifica, 86, 382 phragma, 86, 401 sp., 86, 185, 401 Ophiocnida sp., 86, 218 Ophiocynodus corynetes, 85, 185, 286 Ophiodromus pugettensis, 74, 132, 177, 215, 276 ophiolepidid, 366 Ophiolepididae, 86 Ophiomusium jolliensis, 85, 170, 185, 261, 305, 320, 383, 401 lymani, 86, 350 Ophionereis eurybrachyplax, 86, 366 Ophiopholis bakeri, 85, 201, 218, 366, 383, 401 longispina, 86, 201, 383 Ophiothrix spiculata, 85, 154, 305 Ophiura kofoidi, 86, 320, 335 leptoctenia, 86, 350, 383, 391, 401 liitkeni, 85, 218, 305, 335, 350, 365, 382 ophiuroid, 85, 125, 137, 185, 237, 261, 305 ornata, Diopatra, 75, 145, 192, 274 ostracod, 126, 161, 172, 187, 204, 224, FAN). Ah, Bilsi, SVailo Sii7/5 SSA S153}. 369, 385, 392, 404 Owenia fusiformis collaris, 76, 147 sp., 72, 123, 135, 179, 213, 246, 343, 358, 378 owenlid, 295 oxycephala, Glycera, 83, 356 Oxydromus arenicolus glabrus, 74, 131, ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 167, 177, 193, 210, 231, 250, 257, 281, 295, 328, 343, 377 sp., 74, 134, 153, 184, 234, 304 Oxyurostylis pacifica, 160 tertia, 204 Pachythone rubra, 86, 365 pacifica, Ampelisca, 159 Aricidea, 274 Brissopsis, 85, 137, 170, 185, 201, 218, 237, 251, 270, 286, 305, 320, 335, 350, 366, 382, 401 Ceratocephala loveni, 82, 319 Eudorella, 126, 225, 253, 313, 338, 369 Magelona, 71, 122, 147, 246, 299, 327 Malletia, 89, 240 Ophiacantha, 86, 382 Oxyurostylis, 160 Panthalis, 80, 214, 278, 328, 343 Praxillella affinis, 74, 132, 152, 168, 181, 194, 211, 232, 247, 259, 276, 295, 319, 331, 346, 358, S/F Protis, 78, 183, 259, 266, 282 Saxicavella, 87, 125, 138, 156, 222, 252, 287, 308, 384 pacificum, Dacrydium, 90, 310, 321, 351, 367, 384, 402 pacificus, Amphiduros, 72, 80, 134, 282 Notoproctus, 84, 399 pallescens, Glyphanostomum, 79, 217 pallida, Ammotrypane, 82, 364, 389 Nothria, 72, 124, 133, 166, 197, 213, 231, 248, 282, 302, 349, 377 pallidulum, Amygdalum, 87, 156, 202, 219, 262, 286, 350, 384 pallidus, Spiophanes, 74, 136, 153, 235, 283, 318, 349, 380 panamensis, Solemya, 90, 220 Pandora filosa, 87, 125 sp., 89, 238 Panthalis pacifica, 80, 214, 278, 328, 343 papillata, Pherusa, 76, 148, 181, 346 papillifer, Sphaerodorum, 78 paradoxa, Paralacydonia, 84, 400 Paralacydonia paradoxa, 84, 400 Paranaitis polynoides, 78, 177, 330 Paraonis gracilis, 72, 123, 133, 148, 179, 196, 210, 234, 246, 276, 295, 318, 328, 346, 358, 375, 398 oculata, 80, 257, 334, 348 sp., 72, 363 Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, 140, 223, 312 epistomus, 139, 158, 172, 312 fatigans, 158 heterocuspidatus, 159 lucubrans, 158 NO. 2 obtusidens, 158 oculatus, 160 robustus, 223 similis, 139, 223, 312 spinosus, 158 stenodes, 158 variatus, 159 sp., 223 Parapleustes pugettensis, 158 Pareurythoé sp., 80, 231, 332 parva, Onuphis, 76, 151, 167, 179, 195, 2ION232N24642789299) 3350) 343, 375 Parvilucina tenuisculpta, 89, 137, 203, 220 sp., 89, 238 paucidentata, Ceratonereis, 82, 332 Pectinaria californiensis, 72, 123, 131, 151, 166, 177, 196, 210, 231, 246, 276, 295, 330, 343, 360, 375 pectinata, Cardiomya, 88, 201, 221, 239 pedroana, Cyathodonta, 87 Peisidice aspera, 77, 177, 282, 330, 360 pelagica neonigripes, Nereis, 78, 177 pelecypods, 138, 220, 239, 403 pellucida, Diastylis, 126, 140, 204, 241, 289, 338, 386 pelodes, Listriolobus, 141, 226, 253 Pentamera pseudopopulifera, 86, 218, 285, 350 Periploma discus, 90, 308 permodesta, Mitrella, 88, 171, 187, 222,. 240, 252, 261, 271, 288, 309, 321, 337, 384 perpinguis, Nassarius, 87, 156, 307 personata, Nicomache, 81, 276 Petaloproctus tenuis, 80, 260 sp., 80, 216 Phascolosoma agassizi, 163 Pherusa capulata, 80, 196, 276, 299, 328, 343, 361 collarifera, 82, 333, 363, 398 inflata, 77 neopapillata, 80, 197, 210, 233, 251, 276, 299, 330, 343 papillata, 76, 148, 181, 346 spp., 80, 193, 199, 214, 236, 249, 283, 298, 381 Pholoé glabra, 72, 123, 130, 148, 177, 194, 210, 231, 246, 258, 278, 299, 328, 344, 358, 375 sp., 82, 348, 360 phoronid, 127, 141, 163 phosphorea, Odontosyllis, 81, 280, 357 photid, 139 Photis californica, 158 sp., 158, 223, 312 phoxocephalids, 312 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 421 Phoxocephalus homilis, 160, 223 SpyldZy222 phragma, Ophiacantha, 86, 401 phyllochaetopterid, 215 Phyllochaetopterus limicolus, 76, 148, 166, 184, 196, 211, 233, 258, 266, 280, 301, 318, 333, 346, 364, 381, 395 prolifica, 77, 358 Phyllodoce sv., 76, 82, 148, 297, 328, 360 phyllodocid, 76, 80, 148, 194 Phylo nudus, 77, 347 sp., 77, 169 pigmentata, Nerinides, 80, 210, 294, 327 pilargiid, 301 Pilargis berkeleyi, 80, 123, 213, 234, 276. 298, 328 hamatus, 74, 182, 302, 334 maculata, 72, 133, 181, 194, 213, 232, 249, 278, 295, 328, 378 sp., 76, 80, 182, 200, 302 pilosa, Brada, 71, 124, 152, 168, 182, 198, 208, 232, 248, 282, 293, 319, 325, 347, 359, 378 pinnata, Chloeia, 71, 122, 131, 150, 167, 177, 192, 208, 229, 245, 274, 301, 325, 345, 378, 395 Prionospio, 74, 123, 131, 148, 167, 179, 194, 211, 231, 247, 258, 277, 296, 328, 344, 358, 375, 398 pinnotherid, 162 Pionosyllis sp., 80, 196 Pisaster capitatus, 85, 170 Pisione remota, 84, 395 Pista alata, 80, 260 cristata, 80, 194, 211, 247, 299, 328 disjuncta, 74, 133, 148, 166, 179, 213, 231, 249) 276, 295, 330, 344, 375, 400 elongata, 77 fasciata, 81, 282 spp., 80, 217, 250, 284, 347 Plakosyllis americana, 83, 361 platyacanthum, Myxoderma, 86, 237 Platynereis bicanaliculata, 76, 148, 331 Plexechinus cinctus, 86, 391 pluribranchiata, Brada, 71, 122, 134, 150, 197, 208, 233, 248, 279, 300, 342, 374 Podocerus cristatus, 160 Poecilochaetus johnsoni, 76, 148, 179, 280, 297, 330 polychaete, 82, 177, 296, 348, 364 Polycirrus californicus, 76, 151 sp., 76, 181, 249, 299, 395 polyclad, 141, 163, 188, 205, 226, 242, 289, 314, 353, 405 422 Polydora caulleryi, 83, 363 spp., 76, 148, 184, 194, 211, 251, 258, 270, 297, 332, 346, 360, 397 polydorid, 199 polygnatha, Glycinde, 73, 132 polynoid, $1, 200, 216, 250, 259, 281, 364 polynoides, Paranaitis, 78, 177, 330 Polyophthalmus translucens, 83, 381 Pontharpinia sp., 222, 223, 224 pontogeneiid, 139 Potamethus mucronatus, 78, 183, 250, 258, 284 sp., 78, 236, 247, 379, 398 Praxillella affinis pacifica, 74, 132, 152, 168, 181, 194, 211, 232, 247, 259, 276, 295, 319, 331, 346, 358, 377 gracilis, 78, 179, 211, 247, 276, 331, 375, 389, 400 trifila, 82, 349, 398 spp., 76, 148, 181, 215, 295, 302, 333, 348, 377 Praxillura maculata, 83, 381 precocis, Notomastus, 82, 348 Prionospio cirrifera, 72, 124, 132, 169, 179, 214, 231, 247, 284, 295, 332, 375 malmgreni, 74, 131, 148, 177, 194, 211, 231, 247, 277, 295, 328, 358, 377 pinnata, 74, 123, 131, 148, 167, 179, 194, 211, 231, 247, 258, 277, 296, 328, 344, 358, 375, 398 pygmaeus, 80, 211, 396 spp., 74, 81, 82, 134, 168, 179, 216, 250, 251, 281, 283, 302, 331, 344, 362 priops, Harmothoé, 75, 146, 230, 294, 326 Procampvlaspis sp., 187, 204, 225, 241, 322, 385 procera, Nereis, 72, 123, 135, 147, 167, T7619 7s ZION 23 0527542955327, 345, 357 Prochaetoderma californicum, 87 sp., 138, 157, 171, 186, 202, 252, 261, 288, 309, 351, 384, 403 prolifica, Phyllochaetopterus, 77, 358 Protis pacifica, 78, 183, 259, 266, 282 sp., 78, 217 Protomedeia sp., 126 protulid, 199, 259, 319 pseudopopulifera, Pentamera, 86, 218, 285, 350 Pseudopotomilla sp., 77 Pseudopythina chacei, 222 sp., 89 Psolus sp., 85 pugetana, Amphipholis, 85, 137, 154, ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 2H 201, 217, 286, 320, 335, 365, 383, 391, 401 pugettensis, Ophiodromus, 74, 132, 177, 215, 276 Parapleustes, 158 punctata, Spio, 78, 180, 297, 331, 358 punctocoelata, Acteon, 88, 219, 307 pupa, Travisia, 74, 133, 151, 215, 235, 248, 277, 331, 344, 375 pycnogonid, 162, 205, 370 pygidialis, Myriochele, 84, 318, 397 pygmaeus, Prionospio, 80, 211, 396 pygouactylata, Cossura, 72, 131 ramosa, Aricidea, 77, 183, 208, 303, 319, 333, 381, 397 Rathbunaster californicus, 85 rectius, Dentalium, 87, 125, 138, 156, 203, 219, 238, 286, 309, 337, 351 refulgida, Aphrodita, 72, 136 remota, Pisione, 84, 395 reticulata, Euclymene, 82, 348 Rhamphobrachium longisetosum, 83, 358 Rhodine bitorquata, 72, 124, 151, 179, 215, 280, 300, 328, 348, 364, 398 sp., 300, 364 riedli, Crystallophrisson, 88 robusta, Glycera, 73, 133, 230, 279, 296, 345 Maldanella, 79, 195 robustus, Paraphoxus, 223 Rochefortia aleutica, 88, 156 tumida, 89, 138, 202 spp., 89, 222, 252, 288, 308, 336, 384 rubra, Aricidea lopezi, 81, 184, 284, 303, 3650597, Pachythone, 86, 365 rubrocincta, Axiothella, 72, 132, 150, 298 rubrum, Crystallophrisson, 88 rugatum subplanatum, Bittium, 88, 221 rutila, Balcis, 87, 155, 201, 239, 252 Sabellaria sp., 82, 331 sabellid, 82, 200, 257, 334, 360, 380, 391 sacculata, Magelona, 75, 147, 232 sanguinea, Eumida, 75, 146, 192 sarsi, Lumbrineris, 73, 132 Maldane, 71, 122, 134, 147, 167, 178, 197, 209, 232, 248, 275, 297, 319, 327, 376 Saxicava arctica, 88 Saxicavella pacifica, 87, 125, 138, 156, 222, 252, 287, 308, 384 spp., 88, 186, 238, 336 scabrum, Crystallophrisson, 88 Scalibregma inflatum, 74, 130, 150, 194, 211.1235, 259) 300) 3297358, 378; 390 sp., 284, 358 NO. 2 Scalpellum sp., 204, 311, 369 scaphobranchiata, Amphicteis, 74, 145, 166, 178, 216, 237, 260, 270, 325, 346, 359, 378 scaphopod, 262, 271, 287 Schistocomus hiltoni, 76, 148 sp., 76, 277, 334, 358 Schizocardium, 315 Scionella japonica, 84, 389 scissurata, Yoldia, 90, 203, 220, 238, 309 Sclerasterias heteropaes, 85, 200 Scoloplos acmeceps, 83, 363 armiger, 84, 396 sp., 82, 329 scriptoria, Harmothoé, 83, 357 sea pen, 262, 314 sea slug, 125, 238 seastar, 261 sea whip, 162, 225, 253, 266, 290, 314, 322, 339, 369, 386 Semele dehiscens, 88, 187 seminuda, Amphiura, 85, 137, 320, 383 serricatus, Axinopsida, 87, 138, 156, 201, 220, 239, 252, 286, 307 setosa, Chaetozone, 79, 214, 274, 395 shell, 138, 336 shrimp, 127, 140, 141, 162, 188, 241, 289, 339 Siboglinum spp., 339, 353 sigalionid, 77, 169, 194 Sige sp., 80, 199 Siliqua sp., 88, 157 similis, Paraphoxus, 139, 223, 312 simplicis, Lumbrineris, 73, 134 Siphonosoma ingens, 188 sipunculid, 127, 142, 163, 173, 188, 225, 253, 262, 271, 290, 315, 322, 339, 353, 370, 386, 404 slug, 186, 287 snail, 126, 137, 171, 321, 368 Solamen columbianum, 89, 202, 239 Solemya panamensis, 90, 220 sp., 88, 171, 186, 238, 287, 337, 384 Solen sp., 88, 155 solenogaster, 87, 125, 138, 156, 170, 219, 238, 252, 261, 266, 287, 321, 368 spargana, Nuculana, 89, 239 Spatangus sp., 86, 366 Sphaerodoridium minutum, 80, 211, 331, 344 sphaerulifer, 81, 281 sp., 84 Sphaerodorum brevicapitis, 84, 390 papillifer, 78 sp., 82, 348, 375, 397 Sphaerosyllis sp., 76, 149, 347 sphaerulifer, Sphaerodoridium, 81, 281 Sphenia globula, 90, 239 spiculata, Ophiothrix, 85, 154, 305 OLGA HARTMAN: SUBMARINE CANYONS 423 spinosa, Chaetozone, 75, 145, 184, 347, 356, 399 Thalenessa, 74, 149, 277, 359, 396 spinosus, Paraphoxus, 158 Spio punctata, 78, 180, 297, 331, 358 Spiophanes anoculata, 78, 182, 259, 382, 389 bombyx, 74, 130, 149, 358 fimbriata, 74, 135, 152, 180, 197, 211, 231, 247, 260, 277, 298, 329, 363, 398 missionensis, 76, 149, 181, 194, 211, 278, 300, 329, 344, 359 pallidus, 74, 136, 153, 235, 283, 318, 349, 380 spp., 72, 74, 83, 124, 134, 153, 167, 169, 198, 216, 260, 270, 281, 283, 285, 298, 303, 363, 378, 399 spirorbid, 82, 332 splendida, Megalomma, 79, 210, 246 sponge, 226, 267, 339, 392 squamata, Amphipholis, 85, 137, 154, 185, 200, 218, 237, 251, 285, 305, 334, 349, 366, 382, 401 stenodes, Paraphoxus, 158 stenothoid, 159 Sternaspis fossor, 72, 123, 134, 151, 211, 277, 300, 329, 344, 364, 375 Sp: 72, 0705390 Sthenelais articulata, 329 tertiaglabra, 76, 149, 182, 212, 214, 247, 300, 346 verruculosa, 76, 149, 281 sp., 82, 296 Sthenelanella uniformis, 80, 194, 257, 277, 296, 329, 344, 359 Streblosoma crassibranchia, 72, 123, 149, 180, 236, 300, 361 stroemi, Terebellides, 74, 151, 180, 194, ZN 233-0247, 27S SO SES aIL, 346, 363, 377, 396 strongyloplax, Amphioplus, 85, 125, 154, 170, 185, 217, 251, 285, 305, 334, 350, 365, 382 stvgia, Diastylis, 204, 224, 313, 338, 352 subdiaphana, Compsomyax, 88, 201, 308 subnasica, Leucon, 126, 140, 161, 225, 338 subplanatum, Bittium rugatum, 88, 221 suecica, Aricidea, 75, 145, 180, 213, 293, 325, 342, 380, 395 syllid, 199, 232, 331, 344, 360 Syllis sp., 76, 151, 197, 216, 280 Sympodomma sp., 369 Synchelidium spp., 159 tanaid, 161, 188, 204, 224, 240, 289, 313, 337, 352, 369, 385, 404 424 Telepsavus costarum, 76, 149, 177, 196, 212, 234, 247, 329, 359 sp., 76, 296 Tellina bodegensis, 90, 220 carpenteri, 88, 155, 186, 202, 219, 239, 287, 367, 402 sp., 90, 336, 351, 402 tentaculata, Ancistrosyllis, 71, 122, 131, 152, 168, 176, 196, 208, 229, 257, 277, 293, 325, 379 tenuiconcha, Dermatomya, 89, 262 tenuis, Diastylopsis, 160, 313 Glycera, 73, 136, 184, 297 Notomastus, 76, 152, 176, 213, 234, 246, 276, 301, 328, 375 Nucula, 87, 156 Petaloproctus, 80, 260 tenuisculpta, Parvilucina, 89, 137, 203, 220 tenuissima, Volvulella, 90, 202 terebellid, 83, 183, 250, 270, 304, 363 Terebellides stroemi, 74, 151, 180, 194, 212, 233, 247, 278, 301, 319, 331, 346, 363, 377, 396 sp., 74, 134, 183, 333, 361, 390 terminalis, Echinocyamus, 86 tertia, Oxyurostylis, 204 tertiaglabra, Sthenelais, 76, 149, 182, 212, 214, 247, 300, 346 tesselata, Glycera, 79, 195, 333, 359, 396 Tharyx, 72, 124, 131, 149, 167, 180, 196, 212, 231, 247, 277, 296, 329, 344, 359, 375, 396 tetraura, Lumbrineris, 79, 234 Thalenessa spinosa, 74, 149, 277, 359, 396 Tharyx monilaris, 76, 151, 180, 212, 235, 247, 278, 296, 318, 329, 344, 363, 379 tesselata, 72, 124, 131, 149, 167, 180, 196, 212, 231, 247, 277, 296, 329, 344, 359, 375, 396 SPP=176; LOZ i7i7, 2026283. Ss. 377, 390, 399 Thelepus sp., 80, 83, 216, 362 thompsoni, Eurystheus, 158 Thormora johnstoni, 82, 300 Thyasira barbarensis, 90, 202, 220, 239 sp., 88, 186, 220, 308, 336, 351 Tindaria californica, 90, 262 tolmiei, Cadulus, 88, 186, 220, 239, 262, 310, 321 townsendi, Brisaster, 85, 125, 137, 154, ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS you, 27 170, 185, 201, 218, 237, 251, 270, 285, 305, 383, 401 translucens, Polyophthalmus, 83, 381 Travisia brevis, 82 gigas, 74, 132 olens, 80, 249 pupa, 7/45 133, bl 21552355 248, 277, 331, 344, 375 sp., 80, 195, 215, 301 trifila, Praxillella, 82, 349, 398 tuberosa, Mitrella, 90, 307 tubicola, Haploops, 159 tubiformis, Eumida, 76, 167 tumida, Nicippe, 160 Rochefortia, 89, 138, 202 Turbonilla spp., 90, 220, 307 Turcicula bairdi, 90, 222, 402 sp., 402 Typosyllis hyalina, 78 spp., 76, 78, 149, 232, 346, 362 uncinata, Naineris, 83, 357 uniformis, Exogone, 75, 176, 195, 209, 330, 397 Sthenelanella, 80, 194, 257, 277, 296, 329, 344, 359 urchin, 335 Urothoe varvarini, 223 urtica, Amphiodia, 85, 137, 153, 170, IS AN ZAI, Hay 25th ASS. SS. 334, 349, 365, 382, 400 uschakowi, Aricidea, 75, 153, 182, 248, 258, 282, 293, 325, 347, 356, 374, 390 variatus, Paraphoxus, 159 varvarini, Urothoe, 223 ventricosa, Cardita, 87, 155, 186, 221, 287, 309 vera, Ampelisca, 159, 311 vermetid, 90, 337 Vermiliopsis cornuta, 77 infundibulum, 77 verruculosa, Sthenelais, 76, 149, 281 vexillaria, Onuphis, 74, 135, 152, 168, 182, 216, 231, 281, 301, 320, 348, 400 villosa, Leptostylis, 204, 225, 338 Volvulella tenuissima, 90, 202 sp:, 90, 222 wireni, Glycinde, 78, 182 Xylophaga spp., 90, 203 Yoldia ensifera, 87, 138 scissurata, 90, 203, 220, 238, 309 spp., 90, 288, 309 yoldiformis, Macoma, 89, 202, 308 Hae Vans Ade Ph we ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 PART 3 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART III SYSTEMATICS: POLYCHAETES BY OLGA HARTMAN UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1963 al Ay AGEN TEANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 PART 3 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART II SYOLEMATICS: POLYCHAETES BY OLGA HARTMAN UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1963 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Pant el SYSTEMATICS POLYCHAETES, by OLGA HARTMAN ALLAN Hancock PAcIFIc EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 Part III IssUED JUNE 21, 1963 PRICE $2.25 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PREss Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS Polychaetous Annelids Additional Notes on Solenogasters Additional Notes on Pelecypods . Additional Notes on Gastropods . Additional Notes on Scaphopods . Gastropod Egg Case . Echiuroidea Brachiopoda Oligochaeta . Literature Cited Index SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA POLYCHAETOUS ANNELIDS By O_tca HarTMAN This systematic report lists the polychaetes recovered from the sub- marine canyons of southern California which are given in the ANALYSES (see Part 2). Each is named with its occurrence by canyon, depth in meters and numbers of individuals in a sample. More complete bibliographic citations may be consulted in reports by Hartman (1959- 1961). I am indebted to Mr. Anker Petersen for the preparation of the illustrations. The names and locations of canyons may be consulted in Part 2. Six new species or subspecies are described ; they are: Ancistrosyllis breviceps, n.sp., family PILARGIDAE Aricidea lopezi rubra, n. subsp., family PARAONIDAE Chaetozone armata, n.sp., family CIRRATULIDAE Asclerocheilus californicus, n.sp., family SCALIBREGMIDAE Barantolla americana, n.sp., family CAPITELLIDAE Decamastus gracilis, n.gen. and sp., family CAPITELLIDAE Four other species are newly recorded from the eastern Pacific Ocean; they are: Marphysa belli oculata, previously known from southern Florida and the West Indian region. Dorvillea atlantica, previously reported off the Azores, in 1000 fms. Aricidea (Aedicira), nr fauveli, previously reported off Morocco and the Mediterranean Sea. Asychis gotoi Izuka, previously known from Japan. Some other genera, represented by unknown species are: Antinoella, in longshore canyons, in deep water. Harmothoé, with reticulated elytra, in longshore canyons. Harmothoé, commensal with other polychaetes, in Catalina canyon. Pholoé, in Coronado canyon, deep water. Pareurythoé, in Redondo and La Jolla canyons, deep water. Lumbrineris, in Dume canyon, deep water. Aricidea (Aedicira), from San Diego trench and Santa Cruz canyon, deep water. 2 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Prionospio, in Redondo canyon, deep water. phyllochaetopterid, in Redondo canyon. Flabelligera, in Santa Cruz canyon, deep water. flabelligerid, in Redondo and Tanner canyons, deep water. Ampharete, in Tanner canyon, deep water. Family APHRODITIDAE Aphrodita refulgida Moore, 1910 Hueneme cn, in 456 m (1). Aphrodita japonica Marenzeller, 1879 Redondo cn, axis, in 431 m (1 large), 611 m (1 large posterior end). San Pedro sea valley, in 459 m (1 large, measures 36 by 28 mm). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (1, measures 23 mm across). Aphrodita spp. Santa Monica cn, in 542 m (1, eviscerated). San Clemente rift valley, in 1406 m (1 jv). Family POLY NOIDAE Antinoella anoculata (Moore) 1910 Santa Cruz cn, in 902 m (3). Antinoella sp., probably unknown Mugu cn, in 367 mm (1), 573 m (6). Dume cn, in 741 m (1 fragment). Redondo cn, axis, in 422 m (1 fragment), fan, 652 m (1 fragment). San Pedro sea valley, in 468 m (5). Newport cn, in 553 m (1), 642 m (1 fragment). This species is characterized by the presence of prostomial eyes and a patch of small punctate spots on the posterior half of the prostomium ; length is usually less than 10 mm. Evarnella fragilis (Moore) 1910 Redondo cn, south wall, in 542 m (1). Harmothoé crassicirrata Johnson, 1897 San Clemente rift valley, in 950 m (1). Harmothoé, nr lunulata (delle Chiaje) 1841 Dume cn, in 374m (1), 398 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 362 m (1). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 3 Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (10), north wall, 107 m (8), 363: m: (1), axis, 148m (1), 344 m.(2); 378 m. (2); 503° m. (2): San Pedro sea valley, in 319 m (3). Newport cn, in 16 mi (8), 37m (); 178 m (3), 211 am (2). La: follaccn, in’ 79m (2); 121 ov (1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (3). Catalina cn, in 362 m (2). A specimen from Redondo cn, in 344 m, contains an endoparasitic copepod. Harmothoé priops Hartman, 1961 Mugu cn, in 119m (2). Redondo cn, in 137 m (1). Newport cn. T6.an (8), 37 om (2), 85 m (3), 170 me): Wa Jollacn, in /9 nx (3). Harmothoé scriptoria Moore, 1910 Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (?3). Harmothoé imbricata (Linnaeus) 1767 Catalina cn, in 216 m (?1). Harmothoé sp., with reticulated elytra Mugu cn, in 378 m (2). Dume cn, in 398 m (1), 374m (2), 398 m (1). Redondo cn, in.232 m (1), 107 m (6), 120m (9),.122 m (12), 146 m (5 jv), 167 m (4), 310 m (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (5). Newport cn, in 170 m (1), 211m (3). This species resembles Harmothoé, nr lunulata, above, but differs consistently in that elytra have a reticulated color pattern instead of a dark crescent. It is perhaps commensal with a maldanid, Praxillella affinis pacifica, with which it is usually associated. Harmothoé spp. Monterey cn, in 168 m (2), 260 m (7). Hueneme cn, in 209 m (1), 397 m (7). Mugu cn, in 119m (1), 177m (5). Dume cn, in 299 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (3). Redondo cn, south wall, in 378 m (1 fragment), north wall, 113 m (1 jv), axis, 239 m (1), 282 m (4), 298 m (1 fragment), slope, 334 m (1). 4 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLA21 Newport cn, in 178 m (1), 478 m (1 fragment). La Jolla cn, in 371 m (1 jv). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1). Catalina cn, in 379 m (1 fragment). Tanner cn, in 496 m (2), 644 m (1 small), 1298 m (1, without eyes). Harmothoé sp., unknown commensal Catalina cn, in 88 m (7). The body is broadly depressed, very smooth and flat dorsally. Elytra are glistening pearly white and have a slight crescentic dorsal pigment pattern. Under high magnification the margin is_ slightly fimbriated, with a few widely spaced short filaments along a short outer margin. The entire upper surface is covered with clear lenticles which appear as very minute granules under low magnification. The body is broadly covered with the imbricating elytra except for a short, 2 to 4 segments, posterior end. The body terminates in a pair of long, pygidial filaments. The prostomium has peaks directed forward. The four equally small eyes are in trapezoidal arrangement, with the anterior pair located in front of the middle and at the sides of the lobe; the posterior eyes are near the posterior margin of the prostomium. Notopodial setae are all of one kind and coarser and much shorter than the neuropodial setae. Each is acicular, has a straight, blunt tip and the sides are lightly spinous but appear smooth under low power; they form a spreading fascicle. Neuropodial setae are longer, slenderer, all about equally thick and of two kinds. The supra-acicular setae are long, spinose at the free end, and the subacicular setae are much shorter, smoother and have the cutting edge oblique, adorned with a row of short spinules. harmothoid, not generically identified Santa Monica cn, trawled in 100 fms, rocky bottom (1). ‘Tanner cn, in 496 m (2). All elytra have been lost. The prostomium has peaks at its an- terior margin. The four eyes are large, with the anterior pair at the midlength of the lobe, and the posterior eyes at the posterior margin of the prostomium. Notopodial setae are much coarser than neuropodial setae and transversely spinous. Neuropodials are of two kinds: the superior are longer, slenderer, distally deeply bifid and spinous along their free length, whereas the inferior ones are much shorter and thicker, distally entire and have few or no spinules along the cutting No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 5 edge. They intergrade near the middle of the fascicles, and from anterior to posterior regions of the body. Hesperonoé laevis Hartman, 1961 Monterey cn, in 410 m (5). Hueneme cn, in 177 m (12+), 373 m (3). Mugu cn, in 177 m (2), 367 m (? 4). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (3). Redondo cn, axis, in 246 m (1), 431 m (3), slope, 310 m (4), 167 m (1 fragment). Newport cn, in 420 m (1). Catalina cn, in 379 m (1). Lagisca multisetosa Moore, 1902 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 200 m, rocky bottom (1+). Lagisca sp. Redondo cn, in 542 m (1), fan, 810 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 461 m (1). ? Lepidametria sp. Monterey cn, in 260 m (5). This species is perhaps commensal with Arhynchite sp., an echiuroid worm. Elytra are very small. The prostomium has anterior peaks. The middorsum of each body segment has two erect nodes, in tandem; they appear lightly chitinized. Superiormost neuropodial setae are slenderer and more spinous than those in more inferior position. Notopodia are represented by small setal fascicles, as characteristic of Lepidametria and so distinguished from Lepidasthenia. Lepidasthenia interrupta (Marenzeller) 1902 Redondo cn, in 76 m (2), possibly commensal with the maldanid, Maldanella robusta (see below). Lepidasthenia ?longicirrata Berkeley, 1923 Monterey cn, in 168 m (6), possibly commensal with the maldanid, Asychis disparidentata (see below). Hueneme cn, in 183 m (1), 177m (1). Dume cn, in 299 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (2). Redondo cn, axis, in 298 m (1), 137 m (1 jv), 148 m (2 large, perhaps commensal with Pravillella a. pacifica, see below). 6 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL27 Newport cn, in 85 m (5 large, in tubes of Pravxillella a. pacifica), 170 m (10 large, in tubes of the same species of maldanid), 211 m (GrS La Jolla cn, in 79 m (1), 121 m (4, in tubes of Praxillella a. pacifica). Lepidasthenia spp. Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (4), 218 m (3), 459 m (1), 623 m (1). Lepidonotus caelorus Moore, 1903 Dume cn, trawled in 40-50 fms, rocky bottom (many). Santa Monica cn, trawled in 40-100 fms, rocky (many) ; 330 m (GBs Redondo cn, in 542 m (2). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (10), 221 m (2), 459 m (6). Catalina cn, in 708 m (1 jv). Thormora johnstoni (Kinberg) 1855 Newport cn, in 97 m (1). polynoids, unidentified Redondo cn, in 422 m (2), 465 m (2), 556 m (2), 575 m (1), 686 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 406 m (1). Family POLYODONTIDAE Panthalis pacifica Treadwell, 1914 Redondo cn, in 120 m (1), 122m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (2), dredged in 240-280 m (4). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2 jv). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1). Peisidice aspera Johnson, 1897 Dume cn, trawled ‘in 40-50 fms, rocky (many). Santa Monica cn, trawled in 40-100 fms, rocky (many), 116 m (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 459 m (1). Va Jolla.cn,in 121-m-(1), 274m G).. Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (13), 221 m (8). Family SIGALIONIDAE Leanira alba Moore, 1910 San Diego trench, in 840 m (1). Coronado cn, in 812 m (1). No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 7 Leanira calcis Hartman, 1960 Redondo cn, north wall, in 120 m (?3). Leanira sp. Newport cn, in 741 m (1 fragment). Pholoé glabra Hartman, 1961 Monterey cn, in 168 m (2). Hueneme cn, in 98 m (1), 99 m (1), 338 m (1), 456 m (1). Mugu cn, in 119m (3), 177 m (13). Santa Monica cn, in 183 m (2 jv), 268 m (2). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (149+), 76 m (1), north wall, iO7 moo) is mm (11), 120 m (22), 122 4m’. (16),- axis, 137 am (14), 146 m (2), 148 m (1), slope, 167 m (14), 232 m (2), 282 m (1 fragment), 310 m (7), fan, 652 m (1 fragment). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (13). Newport cn, in 97 m (8), 170 m (3), 178 m (12), 235 m (1 fragment). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (6), 121 m (6). Coronado cn, in, 123m (7), 177 m5). Santa Cruz cn, in 89m (5), 218 m (1), 221 m (1). Catalina cn, in 88 m (30), 914m (1 small). Pholoé, perhaps unknown species Coronado cn, in 812m (1). This specimen lacks prostomial eyes and has unique parapodial setae. Sthenelanella uniformis Moore, 1910 Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (7+), 76 m (5 jv), fan, 602 mec? 2). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 50-150 fms (50+), 221 m (56). Newport cn, in 16 m (2), 47 m (97). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (3). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (3). Sthenelais tertiaglabra Moore, 1910 Mugu cn, in 119m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 454 m (1). Redondo cn, in 107 m (7), 120 m (1), 122 m (2), 167 m (1). Newport cn, in 97 m (2). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1). 8 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Sthenelais verruculosa Johnson, 1897 Mugu cn, in 119m (1). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 240-280 m (1). Sthenelais sp. Newport cn, in 16m (1 jv). Thalenessa spinosa (Hartman) 1939 Hueneme cn, in 373 m (10+, large). Mugu cn, in 119m (12). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 50-150 fms (4). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (2). Tanner cn, in 29§ m (3). Family PISIONIDAE Pisione, nr remota (Southern) 1914 Tanner cn, in 298 m (?1). Family AMPHINOMIDAE Chloeia pinnata Moore, 1911 Monterey cn, in 168 m (36), 260 m (14). Hueneme cn, in 165 m (10 large), 177 m (6), 338 m (5), 376 m (12 large), 456m (8). Dume cn, in 374 m (1). Mueu cn, im 177 m (39); 378 m (27), 6/6>m (10 Taree). Santa Monica cn, in 183 m (1), 268 m (1), 330 m (2), 362 m (14). Redondo cn, south wall, im y57 m_ (i504), 76. Gla. 107m (10) PRS ama( 1), 120) m (24), 0122) mi (22), axis 13/7 sGlZelaree)e 148m (25) > 167m, (33), 23228), 6239" mm, (61) 246 amache 298 m (55), 310 m (9), 344 m (20+), 378 m (20 large and small), 378 m (37 small), 422 m (about 90), 431 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (1), 221 m (410), 240-280 m, dredged (many), 406 m (27 jv), 438 m (11), 459 m (35 large), 461 m (117), 468 m (2), 480 m (116), 522m (1). Lea, Jolla‘cn, in 79 m3) jv), 12 mw soem Cleaver m (1 large and 8 jv), 371.m (1 large), 517 m: (S large), 637 m (Sarge), 793:m.(1 jv). Coronado cn, in 177 m (3). Catalina cn, in 362 m (1 jv). Tanner cn, in 298 m (15), 813 m (10). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 9 Large individuals measure about 35 mm long. Greatest concentra- tions occur in Redondo canyon and San Pedro sea valley, in depths of 57 to 480 meters. Pareurythoé sp., perhaps unknown Redondo cn, in 137 m (3), 246 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 274 m (1 jv). The prostomial caruncle resembles that of Pareurythoé californica (Johnson), an intertidal form from southern California; the specific details of setae and branchiae may be different. Family EU PHROSINIDAE Euphrosine spp. Dume cn, trawled in 40-50 fms (1). Redondo cn, in 542 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (2). Family PHY _LLODOCIDAE Anaitides, cf. groenlandica (Oersted) 1843 Hueneme cn, in 397 m (1 large). The dorsum is dark iridescent, the ventrum lighter. Dorsal cirri are large, distally truncate, dark in color and have a pale margin. Ventral cirri in median and posterior regions are long, more or less lanceolate and distally pointed. The everted proboscis has 6 paired rows of papillae with up to 8 in a row. Anaitides, nr madeirensis (Langerhans) 1880 Hueneme cn, in 177 m (1), 376m (13). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1 large), 362 m (1). Redondo cn, in 113 m (1 large), 167 m (1), 310 m (5). Newport cn, in 97 m (2), 170 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 459 m (2). ‘Tanner cn, in 496 m (1). Anaitides multiseriata Rioja, 1941 San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 240-280 m (7). Anaitides spp. Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (1). Redondo cn, in 107 m (2), 137 m (1), 148 m (2), 232 m (3), 239 m (1), 334 m (3), 344 m (1), 363 m (1), 422 m (4), 542 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1), 240-280 m (4), 406 m (1). 10 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Eteone californica Hartman, 1936 Hueneme cn, in 98 m (2), 183 m (1). Mugu cn, in 119m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 113 m (1), axis, 344m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (? 1). Eteone dilatae Hartman, 1936 Hueneme cn, in 165m (10), 177 m (7). Eteone spp. Hueneme cn, in 456 m (6). The dorsum and ventrum are crossed by dark bars across the middle of segments, with the same color as that on dorsal cirri; the latter are thick and appear inflated. The last segment is followed by a ring with a pair of short, thick lateral cirri and a median, slenderer, distally tapering one. Redondo cn, axis, in 137 m (1 jv). Newport cn, in 16 m (1 small white). La Jolla cn, in 274 m (1 jv). The body is long and slender. Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1). The dorsum has a pair of longitudinal lines. Eulalia spp. Santa Monica cn, trawled in 40 fms (1). The body is yellow and the dorsum has 3 longitudinal rows of spots, with those on the sides larger than the middorsal one. Monterey cn, in 168 m (1). The dorsum has 3 longitudinal rows of dark stripes. Mugucn, in 119m (1). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 180-430 m (7). Redondo cn, in 137 m (1). Eumida sanguinea (Oersted) 1843 Mugu cn, in 119m (1), 177m (1). Redondo cn, in 57m (1). Eumida bifoliata (Moore) 1909 Tanner cn, in 496 m (1). An adult individual with reddish brown ova deposited in an ampharetid tube in which the adult is lodged. Eumida tubiformis Moore, 1909 Dume cn, in 398 m (? 1). HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 11 ww NO. Eumida spp. Santa Monica cn, in 116m (3). Redondo cn, in 57 m (1), 232 m (1), 246 m (1), 310 m (1), 542 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (1), 459m (1). Newport en, in 16 m (1), 170 m (1); 235 m (1), 211 m (1), 212m (2). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (4), 135m (10). Santa Cruz cn, in 218m (1), 221 m (1). Genetyllis castanea (Marenzeller) 1879 San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (4). ?Genetyllis sp. Mugu cn, in 119 m (2). Hypoeulalia bilineata (Johnston) 1840 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m, rocky bottom (1). Redondo cn, in 542 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (7). The body is pigmented dark mustard yellow and has a pair of lateral, longitudinal stripes and a paler middorsal one. The fusion of prostomium and first segment is less complete than in typical form. Paranaitis polynoides (Moore) 1909 Santa Monica cn, in 116m (1). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (1), 274m (2 jv). Phyllodoce spp. Mugu cn, in 119m (3), 177m (1). Redondo cn, in 57 m (3+). Newport cn, in 37 m (1), 235 m (2). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (15), 121 m (4), 274m (9). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (1 jv). Catalina cn, in 559 m (1 fragment). Family LACYDONIIDAE Paralacydonia paradoxa Fauvel, 1913 Tanner cn, in 1298 m (2). 12 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Family HESIONIDAE Amphiduros pacificus Hartman, 1961 Hueneme cn, in 383 m (? 1 fragment). Redondo cn, in 246 m (? 1 fragment), 503 m (? 3), 611 m (? 1). San Pedro sea valley, in 459m (?1). Ophiodromus pugettensis (Johnson) 1901 Hueneme cn, in 177 m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 116m (12). Redondo cn, in 146m (1). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (4). Oxydromus arenicolus glabrus Hartman, 1961 Hueneme cn, in 165 m (2), 183 m (1), 271 m (1), 373 m (1), 376m. (1)e397em- Cl), 478 am) Dume cn, in 374 m (1). Mugu cn, in 548 m (8). Santa Monica cn, in 183 m (2 jv), 330 m (1). Redondo cn, south wallj*in 57 m (3); 232m (1), 5/5) me), north wall, 107 ov (1); 113)m GCG) 120 emi Gl) S63 m2) eas, 137 m (28), 431 m (2), slope, 556 m (1), fan, 652 m (1), 660 m (4). San Pedro sea valley, in 319 m (1), 522 m (1), 661 m (4). Newport: cn, in 16m (1), 37 nr (®),) 85. m4) ov ores): 235 m (4), 478 m (1), 553 m (5). Lae Jollaven, in/9) im (6) Zim) 274 at Cie Ge Coronado cn, in 123 m (2). Catalina cn, in 266 m (1), 362 m (1), 379 m (2). ?Oxydromus sp. Hueneme cn, in 271 m (1), 373 mr (1), 376. mil), ie ae Mugu cn, in 573 m (8), 755 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 463 m (1), 542m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 378 m (4 fragments), axis, 282 m (3), 378 m (3 fragments), fan, 602 m (1). Newport cn, in 741 m (1). Catalina cn, in 559 m (1 jv). hesionids, not identified Mugu cn, in 721 m (2). Santa Monica cn, trawled in 200 m, rocks (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 716m (1). Newport cn, in 37 m (4), 478 m (1 fragment). No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 13 Family PILARGIDAE Ancistrosyllis tentaculata Treadwell, 1941 Monterey cn, in 168 m (4). Hueneme cn, in 17/m (1), 183.m (2), 209 m (2), 338 m (1); 456m (1). Mugu cn, in 548 m (4). Dume cn, in 580 m (1), 905 m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (2), 183 m (1), 454 m (1), 542 m (1), 583 m (2). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (8), 519 m (3), 575 m (1), moni wall, 107 m (8), is my (17), 122 m. (1), 363 m (3), axis, 137 m (more than 238), 148 m (50), 239 m (2), 246 m (12), 209 m (2), 298 m (2), 344 m (1), 503 m (1), fan, 344 m (1), 652 m (1), 786m (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (17), 522 m (1), 661 m (1), Goo im (1), 716 m (1). Newport cn, in 16 m (8), 37 m (Sta. 5006) (31), 37 m (Sta. 5250) (67), 85-m (265, laree and small’), 97 m (72), 1/0 m (19), bem, (1), 235m (12), 272 m (2). lea jolla en, in 79 m (69), 121 m (2), 545m Ch), 793m (Ce I, very dark), 976 m (? 3, very dark). Coronado cn, in 566 m (1). Catalina cn, in 559 m (3). Ancistrosyllis breviceps, new species Fig. la-d Hueneme cn, in 397 m (1). Mugu cn, in 177 m (1), 548 m (1 fragment). Dume cn, in 580 m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 475 m (2), 542 m (1 fragment), 583 m (2), 612 m (1 fragment), 695 m (1, HOLOTYPE). Redondo cn, in 246 m (1 fragment), 282 m (1), 378 m (1), Asm )e5030m Cl). 660 m (2)5 686 m (2), fom: (l),asse am ( 3, dark exreen)). San Pedro sea valley, in 319 m (1 fragment), 459 m (1), 661 m (1), 666 m (1), 716m (1), 740 m (1). Newport cn, in 215m (1), 420m (1). La Jolla cn, in 545 m (1). Coronado cn, in 344 m (3), 566 m (2), 960 m (2). Catalina cn, in 216 m (1), 266 m (1), 362 m (1), 379 m (2+), 559 m (1). 14 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 2/ A complete individual in two pieces measures 32 mm long and 4 mm wide with parapodia, in median segments. The body is depressed and resembles a species of Pilargis (see below) because antennae and cirri are very short; the median antenna is sometimes difficult to identify. The surface epithelium is minutely papillated; this is most obvious on the dorsum, the superior edges of parapodia and the dorsal cirri. The prostomium (Fig. 1a) consists of a pair of subtriangular lobes, each a little longer than wide, well separated in front and fused at the base; there are no visible eyes. The three antennae are short, digitate and subequally short; each is about half as long as the prostomium; they are inserted near the posterior margin of the head lobe, with the laterals near the ectal margin and the median one where the prostomium and first segment join. The first visible segment has a pair of short, subequal tentacular cirri (Fig. la); each is longer than an antenna and slightly papillated, seen only under magnification. The second segment, also without parapodia and setae, has a similar dorsal, and a much shorter ventral cirrus, resembling that of the third segment. The third segment, which is the first setigerous, is the most reduced; it has a small dorsal and a smaller ventral cirrus, and its setal fascicle is inconspicuous. From the fourth segment the parapodia are much larger and resemble those of the fifth and successive segments. In typical parapodia the dorsal cirrophore encloses a slender aci- culum or rod; these enlarge in median and posterior segments to form the conspicuous dorsal hooks. They increase gradually in size and are large, distally recurved, yellow crooked at about segment 18, (at seg- ment 3, Redondo cn, fan in 751 m) but are irregular in occurrence through several segments. Where best developed (Fig. 1b) in middle and posterior segments, they emerge from the upper, basal edge of the notopodium, well within the base of the dorsal cirrus. The accompanying neuropodial setae (Fig. lc) are much slenderer, nearly straight and di- rected laterally; they number 4 to 7 in a fascicle, but are frequently broken off near the base. Ancistrosyllis breviceps is allied to A. groenlandica McIntosh (1879) (see Hartman, 1947, p. 497) from Greenland, in 410 fms, on sandy mud. It also has small prostomial antennae, a papillated epithe- lium and sharply crooklike notopodial hooks. he two differ in that (1) A. breviceps lacks eyes, (2) the first large notopodial hooks are first present at about segment 18 instead of far more anterior, (3) the paired prostomial antennae are inserted more posterior in the first than the second, (4) the dorsal cirri of the first setigerous segment NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 15 Fig. la-d Fig. 1. Ancistrosyllis breviceps, new species (Sta. 7517-60, Santa Monica canyon, in 695 meters) a, anterior end with prostomium and first four segments, in dorsal view, x 33.5; b, cross section of middle region of body, showing laterally directed parapodia, x 21; c, notopodial hook from median parapodium, x 355; d, neuropodial seta from j same parapodium, x 355. 16 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS MOLaa are much reduced in the first, not in the second, and (5) the third segment is greatly reduced in d. breviceps, not so in A. groenlandica. The type specimen is selected from Santa Monica canyon, in 695 meters, Sta. 7517-62. Loandalia, nr fauveli Berkeley and Berkeley, 1941 Newport cn, in 37 m (3). Pilargis berkeleyi Monro, 1933 Monterey cn, in 168 m (1). Redondo cn, in 113 m (1), axis, 246m (1). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 50-150 fms (1), 187 m (4), S19 me): Newport cn, in 85m (1). ita Jollaccoy mi79m (2). 120 mae) Pilargis maculata Hartman, 1947 Hueneme cn, in 209 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 362 m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (1), 232 m (1), north wall, 113 m (1), axis, 148 m (1), slope, 310 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1 fragment), 319m (1), 406m (1). Newport cn, in 16m (1), 37m (1 fragment). Wavollacn.ine/9im (3), 12 i maiGl ye Pilargis hamatus Hartman, 1960 Santa Monica cn, in 431 m (? 1). Newport cn, in 420 m (2). La Jolla cn, in 976 m (1). Family SYLLIDAE Autolytus spp. Mugu cn, in 119m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 612 m (1). Calamyzas ?amphictenicola Arwidsson, 1932 Redondo cn, in 554 m (1), attached to Amphicteis scaphobranchiata. Exogone uniformis Hartman, 1961 Mugu cn, in 119 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (1), 183 m (2), 268 m (1), trawled in 200 m (3). No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 17 Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (12), 120 m (7), south wall, 76 m (2, with long swimming setae). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (2). Tanner cn, in 603 m (1), 644 m (1). Exogonella brunnea Hartman, 1961 Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (3). Langerhansia heterochaeta (Moore) 1909 Redondo cn, in 113 m (7). Newport cn, in97 m (2). Odontosyllis phosphorea Moore, 1909 San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 240-280 m (4). odontosyllids, unidentified Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (2), 218 m (1 fragment). Plakosyllis americana Hartman, 1961 yanta Cruz cn, in 221m (1). Pionosyllis, unknown sp. Redondo cn, slope, in 76 m (10). Sphaerosyllis sp. Mugu cn, in 119 m (5). Coronado cn, in 566 m (1). Syllis or Typosyllis spp. Mugu cn, in 119m (25), 177m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 465 m (1), south wall, 378 m (2), axis, 137 m (4). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 459m (?1). Typosyllis, nr hyalina (Grube) 1863 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m, rocky bottom (3). syllids, unidentified Redondo cn, south wall, in 542 m (3), axis, 148 m (1). Ba jolla en) in 121 ov(1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (2). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (1). Catalina cn, in 708 m (1 fragment). 18 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Family NEREIDAE Ceratocephala crosslandi americana Hartman, 1952 Mugu cn, in 177m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (2), 232 m (1), axis, 137 m (1). Newport cn, in 170 m (2), 478 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (2). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1). Ceratocephala loveni pacifica Hartman, 1960 San Diego trench, in 840 m (2). Ceratonereis paucidentata (Moore) 1903 La Jolla cn, in 517 m (2 large). Nereis anoculis Hartman, 1960 Santa Cruz cn, in 1387 m (1). Nereis procera Ehlers, 1868 Monterey cn, in 168 m (4), 260 m (2), 906 m (1). Hueneme cn, in 383 m (? 1). Mugu cn, in 119m (8), 177m (1). Dume cn, in 374m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (8), 268 m (1), 330 m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, 232 m (15), north wall, 107 m (1 small), 113im (7); 363m (? 1), axis, 137 m (Olarze). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (? 1), dredged in 100-300 m (many). Newport cn, in 16 m (25), 97 m (5), 170 m (13), 178 m (1 large), 211 m (7 large). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (43), 121 m (6). Coronado cn, in 177 m (2). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1). Nereis pelagica neonigripes Hartman, 1936 Santa Monica cn, in 183 m (5). Redondo cn, axis, in 298 m (1). Nereis spp. Redondo cn, south wall, in 542 m (1 small), north wall, 363 m (1, unusually prolonged), axis, 246 m (5), 560 m (1 small), slope, 167 m (1 fragment), 310 m (4). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (8). Newport cn, in 16m (1), 85m (1). Catalina cn, in 216 m (2), 266m (1). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 19 Platynereis bicanaliculata (Baird) 1863 Mugu cn, in 119 m (4). Dume cn, dredged in 40-50 fms, rocky bottom (many). La Jolla cn, in 135m (12). Family NEPHTYIDAE Aglaophamus dicirris Hartman, 1950 Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (1), 122 m (1), axis, 503 mC): San Pedro sea valley, in 468 m (3). La Jolla cn; in 121m (1). Catalina cn, in 88 m (15). Aglaophamus erectans Hartman, 1950 Santa Monica cn, in 542 m (? 1 jv). Redondo cn, axis, in 246 m (1 large), 282 m (8), 378 m (9). San Pedro sea valley, in 319 m (1). Newport cn, in 420 m (3). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1), 344m (1). Catalina cn, in 379 m (1). Aglaophamus spp. Hueneme cn, in 397 m (1 fragment). Dume cn, in 299 m (1 small). Redondo cn, axis, in 344 m (1), slope, 334m (2). Newport cn, in 272 m (? 14 jv). ia, Jolla-cn: ini 3/1 m (1), 517 m: (1 fragment), 545 m (2). Coronado cn, in 1265 m (1 jv). San Clemente cn, in 1406 m (1). Nephtys assignis Hartman, 1950 Monterey cn, in 260 m (1), 410 m (2 large and 3 very small, the largest one has a regenerated tail and measures 140 mm long by 10 mm wide). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1). Newport cn, in 178 m (2 large). Nephtys cornuta Berkeley and Berkeley, 1945 Monterey cn, in 750 m (17, characterized by bifid ventral pro- stomial antennae). Redondo cn, axis, in 560 m (2, ovigerous, only 5.2 mm long by 0.6 mm wide). 20 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL, 27 Nephtys caecoides Hartman, 1938 Hueneme cn, in 98 m (?5). Mugu cn, in 119m (3). Newport cn, in 16m (13). Nephtys californiensis Hartman, 1938 Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (? 21). Nephtys ferruginea Hartman, 1940 Hueneme cn, in 177 m (2 small), 338 m (3), 376 m (2 small). 456m (3). Mugu cn, in 119 m (1), 367 m (4 small), 378 m (4 small). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (2), north wall, 107 m (12), 113 m (2), 120m (9), 122 mi(15), d4eemA(Z 1), axis, 14S me 344 m (? 14), slope, 167 m (10). San Pedro sea valley, 187 m (2 jv), dredged in 100-300 m (5), 221 m (16), 319 m (? 7 small). Newport cn,tin 37 m. (2), 97 -me(Z)e l/s m(G)e 2 los DS omeele)e La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2),.121 m (5). Coronado cn, in 123 m (4 jv), 177 m (9), 344 m (3), 566 m (3 small). Catalina cn) im 216m (3) 3792 ive Nephtys glabra Hartman, 1950 Hueneme cn, in 376 m (1 large). Mugu cn, in 177 m (10). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (2 very large). Nephtys spp. Hueneme cn, in 209 m (3), 383 m (2 small), 397 m (9 jv), 456 m (12). Mugu cn, in 119m (2), 573 m (1 jv), 676 m (1 jv). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (2 jv), 330 m (8 jv). Redondo cn, south wall, in 378 m (12 jv), 575 m (8), north wall, 120m (15 jv), 363 mG" small) axis, 197 mani), 2 7oem (5 jv). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (1 jv). Newport cn, in(85°mi (2 jv), 211 mr (15 jv), 235 emo) 272 m (11), 478 m (5), 553 m (4 jv). La Jolla cn, in 637 m (15 small). Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (2 jv). No. 3 : HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS Catalina cn, in 362 m (5 small). Eight individuals from Redondo canyon, in 575 m, are small, meas- ure 7 to 10 mm long and are ovigerous. Interramal cirri are first present from the fifth setigerous segment. Pre-acicular setae are smooth, not camerated. These, as well as some others named from deep water, may represent an undescribed species. nephtyids, unidentified Dume cn, in 530 m (1 small). Santa Monica cn, in 475 m (1 jv). Redondo cn, in 431 m (2 jv). San Pedro sea valley, in 406 m (12 small). Catalina cn, in 266 m (4 fragments). Family SPHAERODORIDAE Sphaerodorum brevicapitis Moore, 1909 San Clemente rift valley, in 1591 m (1). Sphaerodorum papillifer Moore, 1909 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 200 m, rocky bottom (1). Sphaerodorum spp. Tanner cn, in 496 m (2), 1298 m (3). These individuals differ from Sphaerodorum brevicapitis (above) in that the large parapodial capsules have a distal papilla, not one near the base. The body is linear and measures about 10 mm long. Small papillae are dispersed over the dorsum and the ventrum. Sphaerodoridium! minutum (Webster and Benedict) 1887 Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (9), 120 m (4). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1), 177m (2). Sphaerodoridium sphaerulifer (Moore) 1909 San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 240-280 m (5). Family GLYCERIDAE Glycera americana Leidy, 1855 Hueneme cn, in 98 m (1), 165 m (1 large), 177 m (2), 338 m (1), 456m (2). Mugu cn, in 119m (1). Dume cn, in 398 m (1 large, weight 5 grams, and 1 small). — 1This genus has been recently erected by Liitzen, 1961. 22 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLsc7 Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (4 large, 1 small). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (2 large), 378 m (1), north wall, in 113 m (4), axis, 138 m (4, of which 2 are unusually large), 344 m (1 large), 422 m (1 large). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (2 large), 319 m (1 small), dredged in 240-280 m (1 large), dredged in 100-300 m (5). Newport cn, in 16 m (6 large), 37 m (1), 85 m (4), 97 m (3), Pela ior ays La Jolla.cn, in (9m (2+), 120m), 274m): Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (13), 459 m (3, of which 2 are very large). Glycera capitata Oersted, 1843 (Some of the following records may refer to Glycera tenuis, q.v.) Monterey cn, in 168 m (7), 410 m (1), 750 m (1). Hueneme cn, in 165 m (3), 183m (1); 338 m (1); 376an Cl gw), 345 m (? 1 jv). Mugu cn, in1Z4 m (1), 177 um (tl) 367 mr (4). 378m ee Dume cn, in 299 m (1), trawled in 40-50 fms (some). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (3), 330 m (? 1 fragment). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (14), 76 m (7 jv), 232 m (12), 378m (1), 575 m (1 small), north wall, 107 m (8 jv), 113m (BOF 120 m (1 large and 4 small), 122 m (2), 146 m (8), axis, 137 m (10), 148 m (8 large and 6 small), 239 m (2), 246 m (1 fragment), 282 m (1), 298 m (4), 344 m (1 jv), 378 m (2 large), 431 m (? 1 small), 503 m (2), 560 m (? 3 small), slope, 167 m (5), 310 m (3). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (13), 221 m (4), 319 m (1), 406 m (?2), dredged in 240-280 m (17 small). Newport cn, in 37 m (44), 97 m (25), 140 m (1), 170 m (18), 178m0(8),211 m (13), 235m (26), 2/2 (20) La Jolla cn; in-121 m (13), 135 amr iC? 23 jw) Sl Amano O76 mC? 2 Vv). Coronado cn, in 123 m (6), 177 m (17 small), 813 m (? 1 small), 1265 €? 1). Catalina cn, in 88 m (2 jv), 216 m (4), 708 m (1 small). pan Clemente rift valley; “in 950 my 1(@> 1), 1405 om) Ga) Tanner cn, in 603 m (2 small), 644 m (1), 1298 m (1). Glycera capitata branchiopoda Moore, 1911 Mugu cn, in 573 m (1), 676 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 583 m (1). Redondo cn, fan, in 825 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 468 m (1 large), 716 m (1). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 23 Newport cn, in 235 m (4), 553 m (4), 235 m (4), 642 m (3), 741 m (4). La Jolla cn, in 793 m (3). San Diego trough, taken in all samples. Santa Cruz cn, in 459m (1). Glycera convoluta Keferstein, 1862 Mugu cn, in 119 m (2). Glycera oxycephala Ehlers, 1887 Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (4). Glycera robusta Ehlers, 1868 Hueneme cn, in 183 m (1). Redondo cn, axis, in 137 m (1 very large), 298 m (1 jv). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (? 1 fragment). Newport cn, in 37 m (1 large and 1 small), 37 m (2 large), 85 m (2 large), 170 m (2 large), 211 m (1 giant, measures 250 mm long by 13 mm wide and weighs 13.4 grams). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1 very large). Glycera tenuis Hartman, 1944 Hueneme cn, in 397 m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 612 m (2), trawled in 200 m, rocky (4). Newport cn, in 85 m (? 11 small). Glycera tesselata Grube, 1863 Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (3), 542 m (3). ia Jolia-en, 1637 my (2 7): Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (14). Tanner cn, in 496 m (2). Glycera spp. Redondo cn, axis, in 422 m (1), slope, 556 m (1 small). Newport cn, in 38 m (15 small). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (30 or more jv), 274 m (5 jv), 371 m (1). Catalina cn, in 549 m (1 jv). Tanner cn, in 298 m (2 jv), 813 m (1 jv). Family GONIADIDAE Glycinde armigera Moore, 1911 Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (? 2). Redondo cn, in 148 m (2), 344m (1), 363 m (2 large). Newport cn, in 140 m (2). 24 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Glycinde, nr polygnatha Hartman, 1950 Hueneme cn, in 177 m (2). Glycinde wireni Arwidsson, 1899 Santa Monica cn, in 454m (? 1). Glycinde spp. Redondo cn, axis, in 378 m (7), 422 m (1), 611 m (2 small). San Pedro sea valley, in 406 m (3). La Jolla cn, in 274m (1 jv). Goniada acicula Hartman, 1940 Mugu cn, in 119 m (1). Goniada annulata Moore, 1905 Hueneme cn, in 373 m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 454 m (1 large), 542 m (1). Newport cn, in 420 m (1), 478 m (1 large and 2 small). Anterior and median notopodial lobes are large and cordate in shape. Proboscidial papillae are tall, slender and chitinized. This species has not previously been recorded from California. Goniada brunnea Treadwell, 1906 Hueneme cn, in 98 m (1), 271 m (1 large and 2 small), 338 m (3), 373-m (2), 376m (9 large), 397 m(9). Mugu cn, in 119 m (7), 124 m“(1), 177 m (3), 367 mG); 573 m (8). Dume cn, in 299 m (2), 374m (1), 398 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (2), 330m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (7), 76 m (2), 232 m (3), north wall, 107 m.(5), 113. m (4), 120;m (2), 122 m Ge lane), 146 m (2), 363 m (1 jv), axis, 137 m (9), 148 m (1), 239 m (2), 282 m. (3), 298 m (2), 344 m (2), 431 m- (? 7 large), SOS mn (2)r 560 m (? 5 jv), slope, 167 m (1), 310 m (3), 334 m (1), fan, 652 fan (CID San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (9), 221 m (8), 319 m (1), 406m (1), dredged in 100-300 m (44 large), dredged in 240-280 m (5+). Newport cn, in 16 m’ (1), 38m (2), 852m (6), 170m), 211m (2); 235m! (),.272 m (8) La Jolla cn, in 79 m (4), 121 m (4), 135 m (3), 274 m (1 jv). Coronado cn, in 177 m (2), 344m (2), 812 m (1), 1105 m (1). Catalina cn, in 88 m (1 large and 1 small), 216 m (4), 559 m (1), 914 m (4). Tanner cn, in 1298 m (2). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 25 Goniada littorea Hartman, 1950 Newport cn, in 16 m (61). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1). Goniada sp. Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (1). Family ONUPHIDAE Diopatra ornata Moore, 1911 Mugu cn, in 119m (25 large). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1 jv), dredged in 100-300 m (3 jv). Diopatra sp. San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (3). Hyalinoecia juvenalis Moore, 1911 Newport cn, in97 m (1). Nothria conchylega (Sars) 1835 Catalina cn, in 708 m (1). ‘Tanner cn, in 813 m (1). Nothria elegans (Johnson) 1901 tvenemeen, in 77m (1). Newport cn, in 16 m (2 large). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (1). Nothria elegans, N. iridescens and N. pallida are closely related. Ecologically they may be recognized as follows: N. elegans occupies a limp, thin-walled, sand-covered tube and occurs in shallowest benthic bottoms. N. iridescens constructs a tough, chitinized, tightly fitting tube and exists in deeper bottoms. N. pallida constructs a thick walled, mud- covered tube and occurs in considerable depths. Nothria iridescens (Johnson) 1901 Monterey cn, in 168 m (5+), 410 m (34 large). Hueneme cn, in 383 m (6), 376 m (23), 397 m (42 large), 456 m( $2. IV) Mugu cn, in 177 m (25), 367 m (5 large), 378 m (6). Dume cn, in 398 m (14 large). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (15), 330 m (36), 362 m (24), 431m (3). Redondo cn, slope, in 167 m (? 1 fragment). 26 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1), 461 m (3 large), dredged in 100 to 300 m (43+). Newport cn, in 170 m (14). Pa Jollaen; ivd17 mCP 1); 97650 (% 1h fA. Coronado cn, in 344m (24). Catalina cn, in 266 m (5 large), 362 m (6), 379 m (5), 914 m (5 moderately large). Nothria pallida Moore, 1911 Monterey cn, in 260 m (17). Hueneme cn, in 209 m (46), 373 m (40+). Dume cn, in 299 m (3), 374m (14), 530m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (10), 378 m (3), north wall, 113 m (25), 148 m (12), 239 m (2), 246 m (6), 282 m (2), 298 m (2 jv), 378 m (1), slope, 310 m (6), 334 m (many). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 50-100 fms (43+), 459 m (2), 522m (1): Newport cn, in 211 m (14), 235 m (5 large), Coronado cn, in 1105 m (3). Catalina cn, in 216m (9). Largest tubes are from Redondo canyon, south wall, in 378 m; they measure 450 mm long by 8 mm across. Nothria spp. Hueneme cn, in 183 m (2), 338 m (1). Mugu cn, in 119 m (4). Redondo cn, axis, 503 m (1 fragment), slope, 556 m (1 fragment). Newport cn, in 85 m (1 fragment). afollaien, in 79m (1), 371 am (1). Coronado cn, in 177 m (9 jv). San Clemente rift valley, in 1406 m (1). Onuphis eremita Audouin and M. Edwards, 1833 Hueneme cn, in 383 m (1). Onuphis nebulosa Moore, 1911 Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (15). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 240-280 m (several), 319 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (6). ‘Tanner cn, in 298 m (1). Onuphis parva Moore, 1911 Mugu cn, in 177 m (22), 367 m (1). Dume cn, in 374 m (3), 398 m (7). No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS P| Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 330 m (6), 362 m (3). Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (2), north wall, 107 m (2), i20enn 69) l22-mel i>), 146.1 (3), axis, 148:°m (1), 344m (1); slope, 167 m (154), 310 m (6). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (1). Newport cn, in 97 m (1), 140 m (1), 170 m (1), 272 m (12). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (9). Coronado cn, in 123 m (4). Catalina cn, in 88 m (3), 216 m (10), 362 m (? 7), 379 m (1). Onuphis vexillaria Moore, 1911 Hueneme cn, in 373 m (30+), 376 m (2), 397 m (6), 478 m (4 large). Mugu cn, in 378 m (12), 507 m (2), 530m (1). Dume cn, in 398 m (12), 507 m (2), 530 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 431 m (8 large), 454 m (5 large), 463 (3 large), 583 m (1 large). Redondo cn, north wall, in 465 m (1), axis, 137 m (1 jv), 378 m (3 jv), 431 m (2), 560 m (8 large), 611 m (3 large, measure to 150 mm long). San Pedro sea valley, in 437 m (1 large), 459 m (1 +), 468 m (1 large). Newport cn, in 211 m (1 fragment), 235 m (1 fragment), 478 mi (1); Coronado cn, in 812 m (1). Tanner cn, in 1298 m (2 small). Onuphis spp. Redondo cn, south wall, in 519 m (1 fragment), 542 m (1), axis, 282 m (1 fragment), 422 m (1 fragment), 503 m (1 fragment), slope, 334 m (1), fan, 715 m (1 jv). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (248 jv). Tanner cn, in 298 m (12 jv). Rhamphobrachium longisetosum Berkeley and Berkeley, 1938 Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (2). Family EUNICIDAE Eunice americana Hartman, 1944 Hueneme cn, in 397 m (1). Mugu cn, in 378 m (3). Dume cn, in 398 m (1 large). 28 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (1 large), 268 m (4), 330 m (3), 3620.(1)% Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (1), 378 m (? 1), north wall, 113 m (1), axis, 246 m (1 large), 344 m (1 jv), slope, 310 m (2 large). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1 fragment), dredged in 100-300 m (1 small), dredged in 240-280 m (1). Newport cn, in 97 m (1). La Jolla en, in 79m (1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1 jv), 177 m (1 jv), 344 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1). Catalina cn, in 266 m (1 large). Eunice multipectinata Moore, 1911 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80-200 m, rocky bottom (3 large). This species constructs parchmentlike tubes which follow rocky crevices; the tube adheres fully to the rocky surfaces. Eunice sp. Catalina cn, in 218 m (1 fragment). Prostomial antennae are smooth ; branchiae are first present from the third setigerous segment, and acicular hooks are yellow; the characteristics agree with those of Eunice filamen- tosa Grube, 1856. Marphysa belli oculata Treadwell, 1921 Fig. 2a-e Treadwell, 1921, pp. 61-64, pl. 5, fig. 13. San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1), dredged in 406 m (1), dredged in 240-280 m (2). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2). Catalina en, in 373 m (3). The description and illustrations (Fig. 2) are based on the lot from Catalina canyon. Length does not exceed 12 mm and width 1.1 mm; this is conspicuously less than originally reported, 70 mm, for specimens from Key West Harbor, West Indies, the type locality. Branchiae are first present from the 10th setigerous segment and con- tinue abruptly large and unipinnately divided through 12 segments; they have up to 8 filaments in single series at greatest development. Middle and posterior segments lack branchiae. The prostomium is rounded in front (Fig. a) and has a pair of reddish circular eyes located between the bases of the outermost and mediolateral antennae. The 5 similar antennae are tapering, smooth, NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 29 Fig. 2. Marphysa belli oculata, Sta. 6819-60, Catalina canyon, in 379 meters a, anterior end in dorsal view, showing entire margin of prostomium and first 6 setigerous segments, x 31; b, composite, falcigerous, distally bifid hook; c, subacicular, distally bifid, hooded hook; d, composite spiniger; e, aciculum (all setae and aciculum to the same magnification). 30 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 longer than the prostomium and inserted in a broad crescent at the posterior margin of the head lobe. Parapodia have 5 kinds of setae: (1) long, slender, capillary setae are present in most fascicles; (2) similarly long, somewhat thicker composite spinigers (Fig. d) occur in anterior, branchial and_post- branchial segments; (3) shorter, about as thick composite falcigers (Fig. b) are present in postbranchial parapodia; (4) subacicular bifid hooded hooks (Fig. c) singly in a fascicle are first present from postbranchial segments, and (5) comb setae in postbranchial segments. In addition, thick, rodlike embedded acicula (Fig. e) are pale at the tip and dark in the embedded portion. The mandibles are well developed, oblique at the cutting edge and slightly excavate. The maxillae have the following formula: forceps are falcate; II has 6 teeth right and 7 left; III has 7 teeth right and 6 left, IV has 5 teeth left, and none on the right side; carriers are short and narrow. The stem species is best known as a Mediterranean and west Atlantic coastal species, where it occurs in sandy sediments in the Zostera zone (Fauvel, 1923, p. 410). Ehlers (1887) recorded it off southern Florida in 230 fms, and Treadwell (1921) described the subspecies from Mangrove Key in southern Florida. The present records are the first from the eastern Pacific Ocean and the sixth species of the genus from California. The specimens originate in depths of 79 to 373 meters. Marphysa disjuncta Hartman, 1960 Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (8), north wall, 113 m (4), $63 m (1), axis, 422 m (1): San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (7). Marphysa conferta Moore, 1911 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m, rocky (1, ovigerous). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (1 jv). Family LUMBRINERIDAE Lumbrineris acuta Verrill, 1875 Newport cn, in 37 m (2). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (3). Lumbrineris bassi Hartman, 1944 Newport cn, in 272 m (?5). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 31 Lumbrineris bicirrata Treadwell, 1929 Hueneme cn, in 338 m (1 large), 376 m (1 large). Santa Monica cn, 330 m (1 large). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (3 large), 76 m (8), 378 m (1), north wall, 107 m (2 large), 113 m (1), 122 m (1), axis, 137 m (1), 148 m (1), 282 m (1), 344 m (1 large), 378 m (5), 431 m (1 large), 503 m (1 small), 560 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (5). Newport cn, in 211 m (1). a Jollaicn, i124 m (2). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1 fragment). Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (1), 319m (1 small). Catalina cn, in 88 m (2 large), 216 m (? 1 large), 379 m (1 large). Lumbrineris bifilaris (Ehlers) 1901 Redondo cn, north wall, in 120 m (1), axis, 282 m (2). Lumbrineris californiensis Hartman, 1944 Hueneme cn, in 98 m (4 small). Mugu cn, in 15 m (2 large). Santa Monica cn, in 431m (? 1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 146 m (1 fragment). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (18). Newport cn, in 97 m (1). Lumbrineris cruzensis Hartman, 1944 Hueneme cn, in 177 m (1), 456 m (1 fragment). Mugu cn, in 124 m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (3 small), 362 m (2), 463 m (? 2 jv). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (many), 76 m (5), 232 m (73), north wall, 113 m (18), 120 m (12), 122 m (21), 363 m (1), 465 m (3), 554 m (1 fragment), axis, 137 m (12 small, ovigerous), 148 m (23, some ovigerous), 239 m (3), 282 m (2) 298 m (4), 344 m (1), 431 m (5), basin slope, 334m (1), 652m (?1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (5), 522 m (2), dredged in 100- 300 m (1). Newport cn, in 37 m (18), 85 m (10), 170 m (5), 178 m (7), 211 m (8), 272 m (19), 478 m (1 fragment), 553 m (1 fragment). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (about 30), 121 m (35), 135 m (13), 274 m (2) Coronado cn, in 123 m (6), 177 m (17). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (2), 221 m (? 3), 459 m (33). 32 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Catalina cn, in 216 m (21 small), 266 m (19 small), 362 m (6), 379 m (14), 914m (1). Lumbrineris index Moore, 1911 Monterey cn, in 168 m (1 large and 2 small). Dume cn, in 299 m (? 1), 530 m (10 large, ovigerous). Santa Monica cn, trawled in 200 m, rocky (1 fragment), 454 m (1 large). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (6 large), axis, 137 m (5 large), 148 m (1), 239 m (6 large), 246m (3), 282 m (2), 298 m (1 large), 378 m (5 large), 503 m (4 large, ovigerous), 560 m (17). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (12 large), 221 m (2), 319 m (2 large, ovigerous), 406 m (2 large), 437 m (1), dredged in 100-300 mi (lilaree): Newport cn, in 37 m (1 large), 37 m (5). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (1 large). Santa Cruz cn, in 459 m (3). Catalina cn, in 216m (1), 1272 m (1 large). Lumbrineris inflata Moore, 1911 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m, rocky bottom (3). Lumbrineris latreilli Audouin and M. Edwards, 1834 San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (15 or more). Newport cn, in 97 m (4). Catalina cn, in 1282 m (? 1 fragment). Lumbrineris limicola Hartman, 1944 Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (54, very small and slender), 146 m (? 7 jv, as in 107 m), basin slope, 310 m (5 small). Newport cn, in 235 m (? 6 small). Coronado cn, in 1105 m (1). San Clemente rift valley, in 950 m (1), 1406 m (1). Tanner cn, in 1298 m (5 small). Lumbrineris longensis Hartman, 1960 Miigurcn, 676m (Ces Iv),9/ 550 3) Coronado cn, in 1265 m (?1). Catalina cn, in 88 m (? 15, very small and slender). Lumbrineris minima Hartman, 1944 Newport cn, in 16m (20 or more). No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 33 Lumbrineris, nr sarsi (Kinberg) 1865 Hueneme cn, in 177 m (3). Lumbrineris simplicis Hartman, 1959 Hueneme cn, in 383 m (2 large). Lumbrineris tetraura (Schmarda) 1861 Redondo cn, axis, in 282 m (? 4 small). Newport cn, in 16m (?5). They differ from typical Lumbrineris tetraura in having black, not pale acicula; though small they are ovigerous. Lumbrineris, unknown sp. Dume cn, in 507 m (1). This is a small, conspicuously moniliform species. Lumbrineris spp. Hueneme cn, in 98 m (2), 209 m (1), 271 m (1), 338 m (2 small). Mucunen, im. 119m (32), 1/7 m (10 jw), 573'm (1 jv); (55 m CI Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (3 small), 330 m (2 fragments), 475 m (1 fragment). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (some), 542 m (9), axis, 611 m (1 jv), basin slope, 167 m (1 fragment), 334 m (1), fan, 602 m (1), 660 m (3 small), 715 m (several small), 751 m (1 anterior end). Newport cn, in 16 m (5), 140 m (1 fragment), 741 m (2 jv). La Jolla cn, in 708 m (1 fragment, with very long setae). Coronado cn, in 812 m (5 small, with long setae). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (8 fragments). Catalina cn, in 549 m (3 small), 559 m (2 small fragments). ‘Tanner cn, in 603 m (1 fragment), 644 m (1 jv). Ninoé gemmea Moore, 1911 Hueneme cn, in 165 m (1), 177 m (1 fragment). Mugu cn, in 124m (1). Dume cn, in 299 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 116m (4), 183 m (2). Redondo cn, south wall, in 575 m (1), north wall, 113 m (5), axis, 137 m (4), 148 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (3). Newport cn, in 85 m (2). iat follacn im 79 m (1), 121m (3); 793 mC); 986mg 12). 34 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Coronado cn, in 812 m (15), 960 m (1), 1105 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 1387 m (2, ovigerous). Catalina cn, in 914m (1), 1272m (1). This species attains its maximum numbers in La Jolla and Coronado canyons, below depths of 800 meters. Family ARABELLIDAE Arabella iricolor (Montagu) 1804 Newport cn, in 16 m (? 1 fragment). Drilonereis ?longa Webster, 1879 Redondo cn, slope, in 167 m (5), 310 m (3). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2 or more). Coronado cn, in 1105 m (2). The body is long and slender; posterior parapodia have elongated pre- and post-setal lobes. Drilonereis ?nuda Moore, 1909 Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (1), north wall, 107 m (2), 113 m (1), 120 m (1 fragment), 146 m (2 jv). Newport cn, in 97 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (5), 121m (2). Coronado cn, in 123 m (2 jv), 177 m (3), 812 m (1 large). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (6). Catalina cn, in 362 m (1). In these specimens, posterior parapodial lobes are not elongated ; they differ from the original account in that the mandibular apparatus is present instead of absent. Drilonereis spp. Mugu cn, in 119m (1). Santa Monica cn, trawled in 200 m (1, drab green with pale prostomium), 268 m (3 jv), 330 m (2 fragments), 454 m (1 jv). Redondo cn, slope, in 334 m (1), fan, 751m (1). San Diego trough, in 840 m (1), 844m (1). Coronado cn, in 1265 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (1 jv). Catalina cn, in 216 m (2), 914 m (1 small). Tanner cn, in 644 m (2 jv), 813 m (1 jv). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 35 Family DORVILLEIDAE Dorvillea articulata (Hartman) 1938 Hueneme cn, in 376 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (112), 183 m (38 small), 330 m (7). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (2), 378 m (14), 575 m (1), more wall, 113 mi (1), axis, 137 m (5/), 148 m (1), 239 m (2), 246m (13), 298 m (1), 378 m (4), 431 m (7). Sauvredro sea valley, in 187 m (2); 221 m (3), 319 m (12); 406 m (1), dredged in 100-300 m (5). Newport cn, in 97 m (1), 178m (2), 272 m (1 jv). Catalina cn, in 362 m (1 fragment). Tanner cn, in 298 m (1). Dorvillea gracilis (Hartman) 1938 Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (some). Dorvillea moniloceras (Moore) 1909 Redondo cn, axis, in 282 m (3). Dorvillea atlantica (McIntosh) 1885 Coronado cn, in 344 m (7). This is a long, linear species measuring 35 mm long by 1.7 mm wide. The prostomium has a pair of large eyes, located in front of the articulated antennae, and a pair of much smaller ones near the posterior margin of the lobe. The long dorsal cirrophore is penetrated by a slender aciculum. The neuropodium is distally truncate and shortest along its dorsal edge. ‘Che ventral cirrus extends beyond the setigerous lobe. Dorsalmost neuropodial setae are furcate spines accompanied by long, slender capillary setae. “The com- posite falcigers have an appendage in which length/width proportions are in the ratio of 20 to 40.1, considerably longer than those typical of Dorvillea atlantica, from the Atlantic Ocean (see Fauvel, 1923, p. 449). This is the first record of the species from the eastern Pacific Ocean. Dorvillea sp. Hueneme cn, in 478 m (1). Catalina cn, in 216m (1). ORBINIIDAE Califia calida Hartman, 1957 Mugu cn, in 580 m (3), 755 m (1). Dume cn, in 507 m (4 large), 652 m (7), 741 m (4). 36 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.27 Santa Monica cn, in 542 m (1), 612 m (1 large). Redondo cn, north wall, in 554 m (1), slope, 556 m (1 large), fan, 602 m (several), 652 m (1), 660 m (3 large), 686 m (1), 706 m (? 1), 751 m (1), 786 m (1 large). San Pedro sea valley, in 437 m (1 large), 459 m (1), 522 m (2 large), 666 m (1), 716 m (1 large). Newport cn, in 741 m (1). San Diego trough, in 844 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 545 m (2 large). Coronado cn, in 1105 m (2), 1265 m (1). Catalina cn, in 549 m (2 large), 559 m (3 large). Haploscoloplos elongatus (Johnson) 1901 Hueneme cn, in 98 m (3), 165 m (103), 177 m (32 large), 183 m (2), 209 mi(4), 271 m, (2 4v), 376 m (2) ,-455, m (Cl)? Mugu cn, in 119 m (13), 367 m (3), 378 m (1). Dume cn, in 299 m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (11), 378 m (1), north wall, 1L07-m (12 jv), 113m: (1 jw), 120 am (Cl jw)9 3638 am 1) aise 137 m (1), 148 m (2), 239 my (6), 246m C1))> 282 am, (10), 29s (2), 344 me (1), 378m. (8);.422 m (1). 43 ma (4) 50Sem 1s slope, 310 m (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 220 m (2), 461 m (1), dredged in 100-300 TUS). Newport en, mm l6°m, (132);-97 m (1) 235 ma), 272 mae) 420 m (2), 478 m (3), 741 m (1 small). San Diego trough, in 840 m (1), 686m (1). ea, Jollasen; ime/9'an (23), 135m Sova 74 a (Siva) ee (3), 517m (2). 793 m6); 976m 4) Coronado cn, in 344 m (1), 812 m (3), 960 m (2 small). Santa Cruz cn, in 902 m (8). Catalina cn, in 216 m (4 jv), 266m (6), 362 m (23), 379 m (38), 549 m (1), 559m (44). ‘Tanner cn, in 644 m (4), 813 m (4 jv), 1298 m (1). Naineris uncinata Hartman, 1957 Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1), 218 m (1), 221 m (4). Naineris sp. Catalina cn, in 914 m (2 very small, ovigerous). Phylo nudus (Moore) 1911 Coronado cn, in 566 m (1 large). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS Sy) Phylo sp. Dume cn, in 530 m (1 large). Scoloplos acmeceps profundus Hartman, 1960 Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (1). Scoloplos armiger (Miller) 1776 Tanner cn, in 298 m (7 small). Scoloplos sp. La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2 or more). Family PARAONIDAE Aricidea (Aedicira) ramosa Annenkova, 1934 Santa Monica cn, in 583 m (2), 612 m (1). Redondo cn, in 107 m (4). Newport cn, in 741 m (3). La Jolla cn, in 793 m (37), 976m (30). Catalina cn, in 1272 m (1). Tanner cn, in 644 m (3), 603 m (4). The prostomial antenna is dendritically branched. Branchiae num- ber about 10 pairs. Dorsal cirri are long, very slender and threadlike, continued on segments through the postbranchial regions. Parapodia have only slender, distally pointed setae, as in the subgenus 4edicira. This species occurs frequently with 4. lopezi rubra, below, from which it differs in being white instead of rust-colored. Aricidea (Aedicira) , unknown species San Diego trench, in 768 m (2). Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (6). Specimens from San Diego trench measure less than 10 mm long; the body narrows abruptly behind the branchial region. Setae are all capillary, as characteristic of the subgenus. The prostomium is short and truncate in front. Its median antenna is slender and inconspicuous. Branchiae number 9 pairs; they are first present from the fourth setigerous segment and those of the second to fourth pairs are largest; thereafter they diminish in size to the last smallest pair. Large white ova are present in the body behind the branchial segments. Specimens from Santa Cruz canyon are small, white, and measure 6 to 8 mm long and about 0.3 mm wide. The body is widest in the region of the second to fifth branchial pairs. The prostomium is bluntly depressed, conical and lacks eyes. The median antenna is slender, 38 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLA27 digitate, shorter than the lobe and inserted near its middle. The pro- stomial lobe consists of 3 sections set off by a pair of diagonally oblique lines extending from the midlength at the sides to the posterior margin of the lobe. The first postoral segment is the first setigerous one; its parapodia are biramous and provided with simple, distally pointed setae, as are all others. Branchiae are present from the fourth setigerous segment; the first pair are largest, and there is gradual decrease in size to the last, or tenth pair. Branchiae taper distally without an abruptly slender end; they are much larger than the parapodial postsetal lobes, straplike and directed upward and forward. Notopodial postsetal lobes are slender, digitate, present on all segments. Ventral cirri are slender, incon- spicuous, digitate lobes, and visible on all parapodial segments. Aricidea (Aricidea), nr fauveli Hartman, 1957 ‘Tanner cn, in 496 m (4). These specimens differ from Aricidea fauveli from the Mediter- ranean Sea in the following respects: branchiae number 10 instead of 12 to 50 pairs; eyes are absent. They agree in that posterior neuro- podial setae are acicular and have a long, slender arista inserted sub- distally. Notopodial setae are entirely slender and capillary. Dorsal cirri are very long and slender. The prostomial lobe is elongate, triangu- lar, provided with a median antenna that is long, slender and tapers distally. Aricidea (Aricidea) lopezi Berkeley and Berkeley, 1956 Hueneme cn, in 397 m (1 small). Mugucn, in 119 m (2). Dume cn, in 652 m (?3). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 330m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (1), north wall, 107 m (3), 113 m (20), 120 m (6), 146 m (5), axis, 137 m (6), 148 m (44), 282m, (2), slope, 167 m.(7), 310m, El) San Pedro sea valley, in 661 m (2), 666 m (2). Newport cn, in 16 m (1), 37 m (2), 85 m (4), 235 m (6), 272 m (3), 420m (?1), 478m (1). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (310+), 274 m (1), 637 m (22 small, some ovigerous). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (3), 459 m (3). Catalina cn, in 559m (2), 1272 m (2). ‘Tanner cn, in 298 m (2). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 39 Aricidea (Aricidea) lopezi rubra, new subspecies Newport cn, in 553 m (105), 642 m (17), 741 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 676 m (10) Tanner cn, in 603 m (13), 644m (26), 1298 m (2). In size, color and general appearance these specimens resemble Aricidea (Cirrophorus) furcata (see below). They agree with the stem species, 4. Jopezi, in their neuropodial modified hooks; the branchiae increase in length posteriorly and they are distally prolonged as a slender filament; they number 9 to 11 pairs and the last 2 pairs are slenderest. The red color of the body is intensest in thoracic segments; farther back it is diffuse so that it forms transverse bars across the dorsum. Neuropodia have transverse series of hooks distally capped by a pointed hood. Some individuals are ovigerous; ova are present in most segments behind the second to fourth postbranchial segment. The subspecies differs from the stem chiefly in color, and comes from deep instead of shallow sea bottoms. Aricidea lopezi rubra is associated with other deepwater paraonids, A. ramosa and Paraonis gracilis, and other polychaetes including Melin- nexis, Lysippe, Antinoella and Glycera capitata branchiopoda. Aricidea (Aricidea) nr suecica Hartman, 1957 Mugu cn, in 119 m (4). Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (7). Redondo cn, north wall, in 120 m (2). Newport cn, in 16m (1+),97m (1). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2). Coronado cn, in 123 m (6). Catalina cn, in 914 m (154 large). Tanner cn, in 298 m (1). The largest, most abundant specimens come from Catalina canyon, in 914 meters. They have long, hairlike setae in full tufts in notopodia and neuropodia and may be in swarming stage. Length is about 20 mm and width to 2 mm. The everted pharynx in some individuals is a large smooth sack. The prostomial antenna is short and club-shaped. Abdom- inal neuropodia have transverse series of simple acicular hooks, slightly sigmoid in the free length, in addition to slender, capillary setae. Aricidea (Aricidea) uschakowi Zachs, 1925 Mugu cn, in 721 m (3), 755 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 463 m (2), 612 m (4). Redondo cn, slope, in 310 m (2), fan, 652 m (3 fragments). 40, ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 San Pedro sea valley, in 461 m (1 large). Newport ca, in 16m: (17)),.65 mm’ @) 22 a GD) 72 oa) 420m (?2). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2), 545 m (? 1 jv), 793 m (4), 976 m (4). Coronado cn, in 812 m (1), 1265 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (3), 1387 m (1). Catalina cn, in 88m (2), 549 m (6 jy), 559 m2 gw) San Clemente cn, in 1406 m (1). Aricidea spp. Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m (2), 431 m (1), 542 m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 519 m (1+), 575 m (1), slope, 556 m (1), fan, 602 m (2), 810 m (many). Newport cn, in 741 m (7). Santa Cruz cn, in'623 m (2). Catalina cn, in 216m (1). Aricidea (Cirrophorus) aciculata Hartman, 1957 Mugu cn, in 177m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (6), 122 m (5), 146 m (2), slope, 167 m (6), 310m (7), 556m (1). Newport cn, in 420 m (1), 478 m (1). La Jolla cn, in976m (3). Aricidea (Cirrophorus) furcata Hartman, 1957 Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (4). Paraonis gracilis (Tauber) 1879 Monterey cn, in 168 m (2), 260 m (3), 410 m (14). Hueneme cn; in 209 m (1); 373m a(S)" anda). Soy/amen(G)) Mugu cn, in 119 m (1), 177 m (2), 378 m (1) Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (3), 330 m (2), 454 m (3), 463 m (5) 542-1 (1).. Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (1), 232 m (1), north wall, 107 m (44), 113 m (12), 120 me (25), 122m (6), 146m G0). 465 m (2), 554 m (1), axis, 246m (1), 282m i). 293 ma eZ, 344 m (4), slope, 167 m (8), 310 m (9), 556m (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 319 m (3), 437 m (1), 461 m (1), 468 m (1), 522m (1), 661'm (1). Newport cn,in 16m: (124=), 85 ma@i2),170am (1), 178 meGl)e 211m (2) 235. m (C13), 272° me(3) e420 ew Glee cameltoe), 553m (5), 642 m (3), 741 m (4). La Jolla. cn, in 79 m (37+), 121 m (8), 637-m (2), 793 m (6). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 4| Coronado cn, in 177 m (4), 960 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89m (1), 902m (2). Catalina cn, in 88 m (2), 216 m (4), 266 m (1), 549 m (4), 399'mi (1): Tanner cn, in 603 m (6), 644 m (5), 1298 m (1). Paraonis gracilis oculata Hartman, 1957 La Jolla cn, in976 m (77). Coronado cn, in 812 m (2). Catalina cn, in 914 m (2), 1272 m (4). Paraonis spp. Redondo cn, axis, in 611m (1), fan, 602 m (3). San Diego trench, in 734m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 676 m (5). Family APISTOBRANCHIDAE Apistobranchus sp. Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (1). Family SPIONIDAE Laonice ?cirrata (Sars) 1851 Mugu cn, in 119 m (5). Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (4). Newport cn, in 16m (8). Laonice foliata (Moore) 1923 Hueneme cn, in 209 m (1), 373 m (1), 376m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 54 m (1), north wall, 113 m (1), 120 m (1 large), axis, 137 m (4 large), 148 m (1 very large), 246 m (2 large), 378 m (4), 560m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1), 319 m (1 fragment). Newport cn, in 37 m (1 and 1), 170 m (6), 178 m (1 large), Palle. (5) 235m (6), 2/724m (? 3.)k La Jolla cn, in 79 m (1), 121 m (18), 517 m (1 fragment). Coronado en, in 177 m (4). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (1). Catalina cn, in 88 m (2), 216 m (5 large), 379 m (1). San Clemente rift valley, in 950m (1). Interramal pouches are first present at segment 20 (Redondo cn, in 246 m), or not before segment 35-36, in a large specimen from Catalina canyon. 42 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Laonice spp. Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (1), 76 m (12 jv), 232 m (5 large), north wall, 122 m (7), 146 m (3 fragments), axis, 298 m (2), slope, 167 m (4), 334 m (1), fan, 686 m (1), 715 m (1 large) (with unusually long branchiae). La Jolla cn, in 793 m (1 fragment). Santa Cruz cn, in 459 m (22). Tanner cn, in 496 m (16), 603 m (1 fragment), 644 m (2 jv), 813 m (3 anterior ends). Nerinides maculata Hartman, 1961 Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (1), north wall, 120 m (2). Nerinides pigmentata (Reish) 1959 Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (1). Newport cn, in 16m (12). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (1). Polydora, cf. caulleryi Mesnil, 1897 Newport cn, in 553 m (3). Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (2 jv). Polydora spp. Dume cn, trawled in 40-50 fms, in U-shaped burrows on rocky surfaces. Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (many, in tubes fully attached to tube of Diopatra ornata), 542 m (10 or more), north wall, 107 m (2 jv), 554 m (1), axis) 422 m“(1), slope, 556° mi(1)> fan: 652 m (1 fragment), 660 m (4 jv), 810 m (1). Newport cn, in 37 m (1), 211m (1), 553 m (3). La Jolla cn, in 79m (1 jv), 371 m (1). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1 jv). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (1), 459m (2): Tanner cn, in 496 m (7). Some specimens from Santa Cruz canyon resemble Polydora so- cialis (Schmarda); the first parapodia are biramous; branchiae are first present from the eighth setigerous segment and well developed ; hooded hooks occur from the seventh neuropodium and each hook has a large fang nearly at right angles to the main shaft. Specimens from Tanner canyon are small, measure 10 mm long or less. The prostomium is deeply bifid at its frontal margin; it is without eyes and a median antenna. Nuchal ridges extend to the modified fifth segment. The first segment is biramous; the second No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 43 parapodia are much larger. Branchiae are first present from the eighth setiger and present on more than 20 segments. The modified fifth segment has three kinds of setae; the largest, numbering about 6 on a side, are thick and acicular; they terminate in an oblique concavity and a subterminal thick shoulder. The companion setae are much slenderer, distally pointed and subdistally expanded. A fascicle of stiff, distally pointed geniculate setae forms a lower tuft, some dis- tance below the curved series of large hooks. Anterior neuropodia, from the seventh segment, have hooded hooks in which the main fang is larger than the subdistal tooth and nearly at right angles to the shaft. In posterior segments these hooks have a main fang ob- tuse to the shaft and the subdistal tooth is much smaller and shorter. Prionospio pinnata Ehlers, 1901 Monterey cn, in 168 m (5), 260m (?1). Hueneme cn, in 165 m (16), 177 m (14 large, measure to 85 mm long), 183 m (4), 383 m (1 small), 373 m (4), 376 m (2), 397 m (6, lack eyes and branchiae are firmly attached), 456 m (2). Mugu cn, in 119 m (4), 177 m (15), 367 m (5). Dume cn, in 299 m (3), 374 m (3), 398 m (4), 580 m (2 small). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (3), 330 m (1 small), 362 m (3 fragments), 454 m (1, lacks eyes), 542 m (1, lacks eyes). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (8), 378 m (1), 519 m (2), S75 me( 2), north wall, 107 m (8), 113m (12), 120 m (10), 130m (5), 146 m (7), 554 m (1), axis, in 137 m (7 large), 148 m (33), 239 m (2), 246 m (4), 282 m (12), 344 m (6 large), 378 m (5), 422 m (8), 431 m (13), 503 m (22 large, measure to 150 mm long, prostomial eyes reduced or invisible, branchiae firmly attached) ; 560 m (13), 611 m (6 large, branchiae firmly attached), slope, 310 m (10), 334 m (several), 560 m (15), 652 m (2 small). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (13), 221 m (47), 319 m (2 small), 406 m (5), 459 m (7 small), 522 m (5). Newport cn, in 16 m (32), 37 m (28 large, and 16), 85 m (4 large), 97 m (15), 140 m (1), 170 m (6), 178 m (5), 211 m (15), 235 m (24), 272 m (15), 420 m (8, lack eyes), 553 m (2 jv). Ica, Jolla: cn, an’.79 m (7), 121m, (2), 135 m: (2), 2/4 m (2 large), 371 m (1 large and 3 small). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1 jv), 177 m (2), 344 m (3). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (2, with 4 very small eyes). Catalina cn, in 88 m (2), 216m (1), 266 m (12), 362 m (5 small) 379 m (4 small), 549 m (2 fragments), 559 m (1). Tanner cn, in 603 m (? 1), 1298 m (1 jv or small). 44 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Prionospio pygmaeus Hartman, 1961 Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (63). Tanner cn, in 298 m (?5). Prionospio malmgreni Claparede, 1870 Hueneme cn, in 165 m (5), 338 m (2 small), 456 m (1). Mugu cn, in 119 m (34), 177 m (5). Santa Monica cn, in 116m. (1), 268) ame(t)4 330s mn 2 Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (60), 76 m (12 jv), 232 m (6)5 378m (2), morthewally 13 an" (Sr small) F120) sa (35) 27 on (9), 146 mu(22), axis, 137m (7), 148m (26), 282 a3) S44 (4), slope, 167 m (10), 310 m (6). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (1), 468 m (5 jv). Newpert cn) in 16 m (2), 37 m (@), 97 m7), 2 mae 255m (2) 12am (Sv ye La Jolla cn, in 79 m (12), 274 m (2 jv). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (2). Catalina cn, in 218 m (2 jv). Prionospio cirrifera Wiren, 1883 Monterey cn, in 410 m (1). Hueneme cn, in 177 m (26 very small, ovigerous), 183 m (3), S731 i((6)): Dume cn, in 530m (?1). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 612 m (? 3 fragments). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (24), north wall, 120 m (5), 363 m (? 7), axis, 137 m (8), 148 m (46, ovigerous), 298 m (40), 344 m (39), 422 m (8), 503 m (4), 560 m (? 3 small, ovigerous), slope, in 167 m (7). Newport cn, in 16 m (168+), 37 m (285), 85 m (12), 235 m (eo. Catalina cn, in 88 m (3). Prionospio, unknown species Redondo cn, slope, in 556 m (2). Newport cn, in 478 m (8). The diagnosis is based on specimens from Newport canyon. Branchiae are first present from the second setigerous segment and number 4 pairs; the first are bipinnate, the second and third pairs are broad, laterally fimbriated, and the fourth pair are much slenderer, longer and directed upward. The prostomium has 2 pairs of small No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 45 black eyespots located at the sides and about midlength of the lobe; they can be seen only in lateral view. Lateral, interramal pouches, resembling those in species of Laonice, are present from the first postbranchial segments, or between segments 4 and 5. A thin, foliaceous transverse fold extends across the dorsum of about 7 or 8 segments, behind the branchial region. Neuropodia have hooded hooks, first present at about segment 20 to 22. The species is unique for having Laonice-like interramal pouches. Prionospio spp. Hueneme cn, in 271 m (1). Dume cn, in 507m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 475 m (1 fragment). Redondo cn, south wall, in 378 m (5 jv), north wall, 465 m (2), slope, 334 m (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 467 m (3, this has the first branchiae pinnate and all others are cirriform). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (4). Coronado cn, in 124m (6 small). Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (3 jv). Spio punctata Hartman, 1961 Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (3). Newport cn, in 37 m (3 jv). a olla casint21 im CL): Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (?9). Spio sp. Newport cn, in 37 m (3 jv). Spiophanes bombyx (Claparede) 1870 Hueneme cn, in 98 m (1). Mugucn, in 119m (2). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1). Spiophanes fimbriata Moore, 1923 Hueneme cn, in 376 m (about 150, with tubes). Mugu cn, in 367 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (16), 362 m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (2), north wall, 107 m (3), 113 m (9), axis, 137 m (8 large), 148 m (3), 239 m (1), 246 m (3), 344 m (4), 378 m (119 large), 431 m (172) 2503-2); slope, 167 m (5), 310 m (12 jv), fan, 751 m (1, with dark, short 46 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 nuchal organs, extending back not quite to the third setigerous seg- ment). San ‘Pedro: sea* valley, in 187 m (1), 221 my (127); 522m @ fragment), 716 m (3 fragments). Newport cn, in 85 m (15 large and 4 small), 97 m (3), 140 m @),.170:a04(3))i5 20 (10), 235em CL) 272, mn Gl0)) 5335 ce La Jolla cn, in 79 m (14), 371 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 1624 m (2). Tanner cn, in 603 m (2). Spiophanes pallidus Hartman, 1960 Hueneme cn, in +78 m (2). Mugu cn, in 573 m (2), 676 m (? 2 large and 6 small). Redondo cn, axis, in 282 m (? 2). San Pedro sea valley, in 461 m (1). Newport cn, in 553 m (1). San Diego trench, in 686-844 m (1, with long, flowing setal tuft). Coronado cn, in 1105 m (1), 1265 m (1). Catalina cn, in 559 m (? 10), 914 m (4, with interramal pouches first present from setigerous segment 4/5). Spiophanes anoculata Hartman, 1960 Redondo cn, fan, in 660 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 463 m (1). Catalina‘en, in 1272 (3). San Clemente rift valley, in 950 m (3), 1406 m (1). Spiophanes missionensis Hartman, 1941 Mugu cn, in 119 m (4), 177 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (2 jv). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (some), 76 m (5), 232 m (12), 378 m (3), north wall, 107 m (12), 120 m (30)) 122 ann) 46 mii o3))i San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (14). Newport cn, in 97 m (8). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2), 121 m (34). Coronado cn, in 123 m (2), 177 m (100+). Santa Cruz cn, in 89m (?1). Spiophanes spp. Monterey cn, in 410 m (1). Hueneme cn, in 338 m (1), 373 m (1 fragment). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 47 Mugu cn, in 755 m (10). Dume cn, in 580 m (2). Redondo cn, in 519 m (1+), north wall, 363 m (3), fan, 715 mi (1),825 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 740 m (4). Newport cn, in 178 m (4). La Jolla cn, in 545 m (1 fragment). Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (1 jv). Catalina cn, in 266 m (2 fragments). Tanner cn, in 644 m (1 jv). Family MAGELONIDAE Magelona californica Hartman, 1944 Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (2). Magelona pacifica Monro, 1933 Monterey cn, in 168 m (? 4). Mugu cn, in 119 m (7 jy). Redondo cn, slope, in 167 m (? 1). Newport cn, in 97 m (4). ia follacn.in 79m (5), 121 ml): Magelona sacculata Hartman, 1961 Mugu cn, in 119m (21), 171 m (1). Redondo cn, axis, in 148 m (1). Magelona sp. Newport cn, in 16 m (22, unusually small form). Family DISOMIDAE Disoma franciscanum Hartman, 1947 Monterey cn, in 168 m (1), 410 m (2 large), 906 m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 113 m (2), axis, 137 m (2). Poecilochaetus johnsoni Hartman, 1939 Mugu cn, in 119 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1), dredged in 240-280 m (2). Newport cn, in 37 m (1), and (? 4), 97 m (3). La Jollacn, in 121 m (6). 48 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLAA? Family HETEROSPIONIDAE, new Includes LONGOSOMIDAE Hartman, 1944 Heterospio Ehlers, 1875 Includes Longosoma Hartman, 1944 Heterospio sp. San Diego trench, in 420 m (palp only) The family LONGOSOMIDAE Hartman (1944, p. 322) is here referred to the family HETEROSPIONDAE, new, because its only genus, Longosoma Hartman (1944, p. 322) previously known only from southern California in shallow depths, is believed generically referrable to Heterospio Ehlers (1875, p. 60) known only through a single species, 1. longissima Ehlers (1875, p. 60) dredged off western Ireland in 426 fms; it has remained unknown except through its first find in 1869. The author has recently seen specimens taken east off Bermuda, in deep water, which are generically identical with Longosoma catalinensis Hartman (1944, p. 322). A more complete account of the north Atlantic species will be forthcoming in a later report. Family CHAETOPTERIDAE Phyllochaetopterus limicolus Hartman, 1960 Dume cn, in 299 m (1 in large tube, measures 200 mm long by 6 mm wide). Mugu en, in 119 m (3), 177m (1), 367 m (1 with aree tube): Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (1 fragment), 232 m (2 large with tubes), 378 m (1 large anterior end and tube measuring 530 mm long), 542 m (3 with tubes), north wall, 107 m (1), 120 m (3+), 122 m (1), axis, 239 m (1), 246 m (1 large tube), 282 m (1), 378 m (1 large), 503 m (arge empty tube), fan 652 im (1 fragment), 660 m (2, with large tubes), 686 m (1+), 715 m (1 large), 751 m (2 with tubes), 786 m (1), 810 m (tubes only). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 793 m (1). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1), 812 m (tube fragment 5 mm across). Santa Cruz cn, in 902 m (tubes only), 1387 m (1 large). ‘Tanner cn, in 298 m (1), 644m (2). Phyllochaetopterus prolifica Potts, 1914 Dume cn, trawled in 80-100 m, rocky (several). Santa Monica cn, trawled in about 80 m, rocky (many). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 49 ?phyllochaetopterid, unknown Redondo cn, in 146 m (1, with 4 to 6 large dark hooks on each side of the modified segment; tube somewhat calcified and covered with sand). Telepsavus costarum Claparede, 1870 Mugu cn, in 119 m (6). Santa Monica cn, in 116m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (1+), 76 m (3), 232 m (lay north wall, 107 m (1), 122 m (1), axis, 246 m (1, in tube 155 mm long by 1.5 mm across), 344 m (1), 378 m (3), slope, in 167 m Ci): Newport cn, in 16 m (1 jv), 97 m (2). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (2). Family CIRRATULIDAE Acrocirrus crassifilis Moore, 1923 Redondo cn, in 542 m (15). Caulleriella sp. La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2). Chaetozone corona Berkeley and Berkeley, 1941 Mugu cn, in 119m (19). Newport cn, in 16m (121), 37m (5), 97m (1). Chaetozone gracilis (Moore) 1923 Santa Monica cn, in 542 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 708 m (2), 976m (?2). Catalina cn, in 708 m (1 fragment), 853 m (1), 914 m (3). Chaetozone setosa Malmgren, 1867 Redondo cn, in 120 m (? 1), 146 m (7), 556 m (9). Chaetozone, nr spinosa Moore, 1903 Mugu cn, in 15m (2), 119m (2). Coronado cn, in 812 m (?4). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1 fragment), 221m (?4). Tanner cn, in 644 m (8), 813 m (5), 1298 m (3). 50 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Oe ghee = Say Tyee ee HO GE Zz Ca fon Ede ae H Y4 ws en ee ol Lira amneeee, P pooner Pollet Fig. 3. Chaetozone armata, n. sp. (Sta. 7175-60) a, anterior end in dorsal view, x 137.6; b, a postero-median segment in cross section, showing arrangement of parapodial setae, x 168; c, a neuropodial spine from the same segment, showing the curved tip and the embedded shoulder, x 960. No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 51 Chaetozone armata, new species Fig. 3 a-c San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 180-430 m (1, HOLOTYPE), 522 m (1). This is a small, linear form; it measures 13.5 mm long for 72 segments (a posterior end is missing). It is widest in the anterior fourth of the body where it is about 0.68 mm across, and 0.48 mm wide in the postmedian region. The anterior region (Fig. 3a) is de- pressed cylindrical in cross section and its setal fascicles are directed laterally. In posterior segments the body appears moniliform because it is slenderer and the individual segments are proportionately longer; in cross section (Fig. 3b) the segments are subquadrate because the acicular spinelike setae are directed outward from the ectal margins. The prostomium is long, triangular, about 3 times as long as wide. A pair of small black eyespots, one on either side of the raised median prostomial ridge but not visible in dorsal view; they are em- bedded and located near the posterior end of the lobe. The paired palpi for which the bases can be distinguished are inserted dorsally on a short segment in front of the first setigerous one. Setal fascicles are first present behind the palpal ring. The first 16 segments have only slender, distally pointed setae that number six or more in a fascicle. Thicker, shorter yellow acicular setae are first present in segment 17, together with slender pointed setae, and within a few segments the pointed setae are almost completely replaced by single acicular spines. An occasional long, slender seta is present farther back, to segment 25 or to 36, but it is very slender and inconspicuous. The posterior, moniliform segments are armed with single, curved spines in notopodia and neuropodia; they project obliquely upward and downward (Fig. 3b) from the setal fascicle. Seen individually (Fig. 3c) they have an entire tip and a slight shoulder in the embedded part. Chaetozone armata may be distinguished from other species of the genus (Hartman, 1961, p. 104) by having moniliform posterior seg- ments, and parapodia provided with single, acicular, distally curved spines in which the free end is curved. The type specimen originates in San Pedro sea valley (Velero IV Sta. 7175-60) in depths below 180 meters. Chaetozone spp. Monterey cn, in 260 m (1). Redondo cn, axis, in 344 m (2 jv). Newport cn, in 16 m (12 small), 642 m (1 fragment). Coronado cn, in 1265 m (1). ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Wa bo Santa Cruz cn, in 459 m (244). Neuropodial spines are present from segment 15; notopodial spines from postmedian segments. The transverse series of spines do not nearly encircle the body. A small species, length 15 to 20 mm, has a short, thick appearance, is anteriorly dusky. The prostomium is short, blunt and directed ventrally. Santa Cruz cn, in 902 m (2). This differs from others in that notopodia lack acicular setae. Catalina cn, in 1272 m (1). Cirratulus cirratus (Miller) 1776 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m, rocky bottom (1). Cirratulus spp. Dume cn, in 652 m (2), 711 m (2). Both lots are pale specimens. Santa Monica cn, in 542 m (2 jv), 583 m (2). Redondo cn, south wall, in 542 m (1), axis, 611 m (1), fan, 652 m (5 large), 660 m (about 30). Newport cn, in 553 m (1 jv), 741 m (1). Catalina cn, in 549 m (1 large and 2 small). cirratulids, not identified Redondo cn, south wall, in 542 m (4 large), axis, 422 m (several), slope, 334 m (1), fan, 602 m (several), 706 m (1), 715 m (several), 810 m (4). San Clemente rift valley, in 1591 m (1, lacks lateral branchiae and has yellow acicular spines). Cossura candida Hartman, 1955 Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (4), north wall, 107 m (1 jv), 113"! (23) 120m (1 iv) 122 m2). 363 mal), 554 .nat Glmiva)e axis, 148 m (2), 239 m (1), 422 m (2), fan, 652 m (4), 660 m @)). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (13), 522 m (1), 666 m (1). Newport cn, in 16 m (182), 37 m (8), and (3), $8) m (1), 7m (15), 170m (3), 20 mC), 23 5em (9) e272) San Diego trough, in all depths (some). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (86), 121 m (15), 274 m (1), 708 m (1), 793 m (? 4 small), 976 m (? 2 small). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1), 177m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 676 m (1 jv), 1387 m (1). Catalina cn, in 559m (2). ‘Tanner cn, in 644m (1 jv). No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 5)5) Cossura pygodactylata Jones, 1956 Hueneme cn, in 165 m (1); 177 m (54 small, ovigerous). Cossura spp. Hueneme cn, in 373 m (2). Mugu cn, in 177 m (2). Dume cn, in 711m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 583 m (1). Redondo cn, axis, in 137 m (8 small). San Pedro sea valley, in 461 m (1 fragment), 468 m (1 fragment). Dodecaceria sp. Santa Monica cn, in 80 m, trawled from rocky bottom (5 small). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (1 jv). Tharyx monilaris Hartman, 1960 Mugu cn, in 177 m (2), 755 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (2). Redondo cn, south wall, in 575 m (1), north wall, 107 m (8), (isermn( 2), W200i ma (5), 0122.0m. (2) 146) mi. (4), axis, 282 mi (6). 344 m (2), slope, 167 m (2), 310 m (9). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (2), 221 m (2), 319 m (2), 666 m (1). Newport cn, in 79 m (7 or more), 121 m (6), 135 m (10), 274 m (12), 793 m (many), 986 m (12). Coronadoien,in 123m (5), 177 m.(5); 812 m (2 Z). Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (1 jv), 902 m (3). Catalina co, in 216: m(2 yw), 379 m (4. im dead Pectimaria tubes, filled with silt), 1272 m (2). Tharyx tesselata Hartman, 1960 Monterey cn, in 410 m (?5). Hueneme cn, in 165 m (1), 397 m (tube only). Mugu cn, in 119 m (71), 177 m (12). Dume cn, in 374 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (4), 330 m (3), 542 m (? 1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (3), 232 m (2 jv), north wall, Ofer lO) 113) om (09), 120°mm (10), 122m: (5), [465m G4); axis, in 148 m (5), 239 m (2), 246 m (empty tube), 344 m (1), slope, 167 m (6), 310 m (18). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (2). Newport cn, in 16m (68+), 37 m (300+), 85 m (22), 170 m (3), 54 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 178 m (8); 211 m (6),.272 mG), 553.) (G:small); 642 aay, 741 m (24). Tharyx spp., including T. monilaris and T. tesselata (see above) Hueneme cn, in 165 m (1, very dark). Mugu cn, in 378 m (2 jv). Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (several), 431m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, 554 m (2), axis, 137 m (1 fragment), 246 m (1 jv). Newport cn, in 37 m (10), 97 m (10), 170 m (6). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2 cer more), 121 m (2), 2/4 m (2), 371 m (? 1 jv), 545m (1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (6), 177m (5). Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (1 jv), 902 m (3). Catalina cn, in 216 m (2 jv). Family FLABELLIGERIDAE Brada glabra Hartman, 1960 Redondo cn, north wall, in 113 m (1). Newport cn, in 420 m (1, in old Cadulus shell). La Jolla cn, in 545 m (2, one in old Cadulus, other in old Mitrella shell), 708 m (4), 793 m (2), 976 m (12, in old Cadulus shells). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1), 177m °C1)e 566 mr (2); 960m Ge Catalina cn, in 362 m (4, in Cadulus shells), 379 m (15, in Cadulus shells), 549 m (10, some in Cadulus, others in Mitrella shells), 559 m (2, one in Mitrella shell), 853 m (1). ‘Tanner cn, in 644 m (5). Brada pilosa Moore, 1906, perhaps the same as Brada villosa (Rathke), 1843 Monterey cn, in 410 m (? 1 fragment). Dume cn, in 507 m (2), 530m (1), 741 m (1). Mugu cn, in 573 m (? 15), 676m (?3). Santa Monica cn, in 454 m (1 jv), 463 m (1 jv). Redondo cn, south wall, in 519 m (16, some ovigerous), 575 m (25, largest measure 22 mm long), north wall, 107 m (1 jv), 120 m (7), 363 m (1), 554 m (1), axis, 148 m (2), 344 m (3 small), 503 m (61), slope, 310 m (1), 556m (36). San Pedro sea valley, in 459 m (17, some have well extended oral tentacles; body measures 20 mm long by 3.5 mm wide), 468 m (4), 522 m (7). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 55 Newport cn, in 16°m (7), 37m (7 ‘and 7), 97 m- (2), 272 m (1), 478 m (7, moderately large). San Diego trough, in 840 and 846 m (several). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (5). Coronado cn, in 566 m (63+ ), 812 m (? 1, eviscerated). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (? 1), 623 m (2). Catalina cn, in 362 m (1 fragment), 549 m (17). San Clemente rift valley, in 1591 m (1). Tanner cn, in 603 m (5, in dead Cadulus shell and Rhodine tube). Brada pluribranchiata (Moore) 1923 Monterey cn, in 168 m (2), 410 m (4 large). Hueneme cn, in 373 m (2), 376m (5). Mugu cn, in 177 m (4). Redondo cn, south wall, in 378 m (4 large), north wall, 107 m (ay) 122m (1), 146m (2),, axis, 240 m (3), 378 m (1), 431 m (1 large), slope, 310 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1), 319 m (1). Newport cn, in 140 m (1), 170 m (4) 178 m (2), 211 m (1), 420 m (3 large). Coronado cn, in 123 m (2). Catalina cn, in 88 m (1), 379 m (7). Brada spp. Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (4), 422 m (5). ? Diplocirrus sp. Redondo cn, north wall, in 146 m (2). Flabelligera infundibularis Johnson, 1901 Dume cn, trawled in 80-100 m (1, in thick mucus sheath). ?Flabelligera sp., unknown Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (1 fragment). flabelligerid, genus and species unknown Redondo cn, in 344 m (1), axis, in 611 m (1, lemon yellow, translucent, surface of body smooth). Tanner cn, in 644 m (6). Pherusa capulata (Moore) 1909 Redondo cn, in 76m (2 jv). San Pedro sea valley, in 406 m (2), 100-300 m, dredged (6 large). Newport cn, in97 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2 jv), 121 m (1). 56 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Coronado cn, in 123 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (1). Pherusa inflata (Treadwell) 1914 Dume cn, trawled in 80-100 m, in shaley rock (1). Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m, rocks (3). Pherusa papillata (Johnson) 1901 Mugu cn, in 119 m (2), 378 m (1). Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m (3), and 200 m, rocky bottom (4). Coronado cn, in 177 m (2 jv). Pherusa neopapillata Hartman, 1960 Redondo cn, in 232 m (1), north wall, in 107 m (4 jv), 113 m (2), axis, 239 m (1), 298 m (2), 344 m (5), 378 m (2), Slope; 556m) (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (2), 319 m (1 jv), dredged in 100-300 m (5). Newport cn, in 97 m (1). La Jollacn, in 121 m (2): Coronado en, in 123 m (1), 566m (1). Pherusa, nr collarifera (Ehlers) 1887 La Jolla cn, in 793 m (2 jv). Santa Cruz cn, in 676 m (1 fragment). Tanner cn, in 603 m (1), 644 m (2), 813 m (3). Pherusa spp. Mugu en, in 352 m (1 jv). Santa Monica cn, in 362 m (1 jv). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (18), 542 m (3), north wall, 120 m (1 jv), 363 m (1 small), 465 m (2), axis, 422 m (several), slope, 310 m (4). San Pedro sea valley, in 461 m (2 large). Newport cn, in 85 m (ljv). Catalina cn, in 914 m (3 small). Family SCALIBREGMIDAE Asclerocheilus californicus, new species Santa Monica cn, in 695 m (1, HOLOTYPE). Redondo cn, south wall, in 542 m (4). San Pedro sea valley, in 661 m (1 median fragment). This is a large, linear species and appears ragged because of the No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS Nn ~I long parapodial lobes; it measures 43 mm long by 6 mm wide, and consists of more than 70 segments. The prostomium is nearly equi- triangular, widest in front and continuous with the frontal antennae which are directed obliquely forward; there are no eyes. The first segment is a short, smooth ring without parapodia. The next two segments are longer and wider and similar to each other; each is provided with thick, acicular spines together with slender capillary setae. [he spines are sigmoid in their free length and terminate dis- tally in a smooth rounded tip. The third segment resembles the first two but has transitional setae in which the spines are slenderer, longer and resemble the smooth, long setae of more posterior segments; in addition there are many shorter furcate spines like those in more posterior segments. Dorsal and ventral cirri are absent throughout, as characteristic of the genus. From the sixth neuropodium and the seventh notopodium a long, fleshy parapodial lobe is present, located along the suprasetal neuropodial and subsetal notopodial fascicle, and from the eighth parapodium there are four such long lobes, above and below the parapodial fascicles; they are cylindrical, fleshy and extend laterally for a distance surpassing half the setal length. Two species have been attributed to this genus; they are Asclero- cheilus intermedius (St. Joseph) from France and 4. beringianus Uschakov, from Bering Sea, in 986 meters (see Hartman, 1959, p. 424). The genus was recorded from western Canada, in 10 fms, by Berkeley (1930, p. 68). These species may be distinguished as follows: Acicular spines present in first 3 segments; body length 10-15 mm 5 IS Rs ke I oe ee el intermedius Acicular spines present in first 2 segments; length 25 mm Re Oe ee cP he oo tu hi ADETOOIANUS Acicular spines present in first 2 segments, transitional in third seg- ment; body length to 43 mm . ... . . . . californicus Asclerocheilus californicus has been recovered only from Santa Monica and Redondo canyons, in depths of 695 and 542 meters, and San Pedro sea valley, in 661 m. Oncoscolex pacificus (Moore) 1909 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 200 m, rocky bottom (1). Scalibregma inflatum Rathke, 1843 Hueneme cn, in 98 m (2 jv). Mugu cn, in 124 m (1 jv). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (5 small, ovigerous), 519 m 58 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 (1 giant, weight 900 mg), 575 m (5 mature, to 10 mm long), north wall, 107 m (16), 422 a1 ( 1 jv), 363> 00 (1), axis 344 ao Ce 422 m (3), 503 m (1), fan, 652 m (1 small). Newport cn, in 140 m (1). La Jolla cn, m-79' m (1); 121 am (3'small) Si 7:m(1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1 fragment), 221 m (3 jv), 459 m (7) 623 m(1).. Catalina cn, in 362 m (1 fragment), 559 m (1 fragment). San Clemente rift valley, in 1406 m (1). Family OPHELIIDAE Ammotrypane aulogaster Rathke, 1843 Mugu cn, in 177m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (1), north wall, 465 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 459 m (1), dredged in 240-280 m (15). Newport cn, in 420 m (3). La Jollaen, in 79m (1), 121 mC). Coronado cn, in 177 m (5). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (?2). Catalina cn, in 88 m (1 large), 288 m (1 large), 362 m (8 large), 379 m (5 large), 708 m (1, with 21 setigerous segments), 1272 m (1). Tanner cn, in 496 m (6), 644 m (1), 813 m (1 fragment). It is possible that some of these records, from deep bottoms, may refer to dmmotrypane pallida, below. Ammotrypane pallida Hartman, 1960 Newport cn, in 553m (?1). San Clemente rift valley, in 950 m (1), 1406 m (2). Armandia bioculata Hartman, 1938 Redondo cn, in 57 m (1). Tanner cn, in 298 m (? 4). Ophelia magna (Treadwell) 1914 Redondo cn, in 120 m (1 large, with 46 pairs of branchiae, anal hood voluminous and marginally fringed). Polyophthalmus translucens Hartman, 1960 Catalina cn, in 914m (1). Travisia pupa Moore, 1906 Hueneme cn, in 209 m (1 large and 1 small, the larger 56 mm long and weight 8.3 grams), 373 m (1 large), 397 m (1). Mugu cn, in 177m (1). No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 59 Redondo cn, north wall, in 146 m (1 large), axis, 282 m (1 large, measures 70 by 22 mm), slope, 167 m (2 large, 1 small). La Jolla cn, in 121m (1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (2 jv). Catalina cn, in 88 m (2), 216 m (4 large), 362 m (2), 379 m (ilaree)e Travisia gigas Hartman, 1938 Hueneme cn, in 177 m (1). Travisia spp. Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (3), north wall, 120 m (1 jv, with lateral lappets from segment 16), 122 m (1 jv), axis, 298 m (1), slope, 310 m (2). Newport cn, in 178 m (1, measures only 10 mm long). Family STERNASPIDAE Sternaspis fossor Stimpson, 1854 Monterey cn, in 168 m (32). Hueneme cn, in 338 m (1). Mugu cn, in 177 m (7). Dume cn, in 711m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (2), 120 m (1), 122 m (1),146m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (3 large). Newport cn, in97 m (5), 170m (2). La Jollacn, in 79 m (46), 121 m (3). Coronado cn, in 123 m (3), 177 m (5), 344 m (2), 812 m (2). Santa Cruz cn, in 902 m (? 16). Catalina cn, in 88 m (24), 216 m (1), 914 m (3 small), 1272 m (? 1, sternal plates greatly reduced). San Clemente rift valley, in 1406 m (1 small). Family CAPITELLIDAE Anotomastus gordiodes (Moore) 1909 Mugu cn, in 119 m (3). Newport cn, in 16m (2). Barantolla americana, new species Monterey cn, in 260 m (8, HOLOTYPE). La Jolla cn, in 976 m (6). Tanner cn, in 603 m (1). Based on the type collection from Monterey canyon (Sta. 6498- 60 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLI2i, 59), length is 30 mm, width 1.2 mm and segments number more than 100. The body is smooth, linear and there are no visible branchiae. The first ring is smooth, without parapodia. The thorax consists of 12 segments of which 11 are setigerous (Hartman, 1947, p. 402) ; the first 6 notopodia have only setae, the next one has mixed setae and hooks and the last 4 have long handled hooks. Thoracic neuropodia have setae in the first 8 segments and hooks in the last 3 segments. The formula may be expressed as follows: 6s + 1 mixed + 4h Sis eel The prostomium is transversely divided into a small, globular palpode and a posterior, shorter though wider part; there are no visible eyes. The peristomium is about as long as the next segment but somewhat narrower. The everted proboscis is globular and covered with in- conspicuous low papillae. The thoracic region is smooth, not reticulate and broadest in the region of the second setigerous segment. Separa- tion between thorax and abdomen is visible as a groove, because the body is abruptly wider in the abdomen. The only other species in the genus is Barantolla sculpta Southern, from Salt Lake near Calcutta, India, in brackish, shallow water. This differs from B. americana in having the thorax reticulated, segments with a membranous collar from which parapodial lobes originate, and branchiae present. peristomium ++ Capitella capitata subspp.? Hueneme cn, in 338 m (1), 456m (52). Mugu cn, in 119m (9). Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (more than 9200), 183 m (55). Redondo cn, south wall, in 575 m (1), north wall, 113 m (1), axis, 137 m“(1), 148m (17), 298 m (27), 344m (133): Newport. cn, in. 85'm \(2), 97m (2), 235) m (7/9 2725): La Jolla cn, in 135 m (595), 274 m (14,145), 371 m (948), 517 m (36), 545 m (1), 637 m (3), 793 m (5). capitellids, not identified Catalina cn, in 1272 m (4). The thorax has 13 segments; the first ring is smooth and followed by 8 notopodia with setae and 4 with long handled hooks; thoracic neuropodia absent from the first, followed by 6 with setae and 5 with hooks. Catalina cn, in 1272 m (2). The thorax has 14 segments; the first 1The subspecies and some of their records are published in Hartman, 1961, p. 333. No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 61 ring is smooth and followed by 6 segments with setae in notopodia and neuropodia, and 8 segments with long handled hooks in notopodia and neuropodia. Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (1+), 542 m (2), north wall, poo m (Ismail), axis, 422 m (1), fan, 602 m (1), 715 m (1). Coronado cn, in 566 m (19), 812 m (4). ?Dasybranchus sp. Redondo cn, in 519 m (5). Decamastus, new genus Type D. gracilis, new species This genus differs from Notomastus (see Hartman, 1947, p. 402) in having 10 instead of 11 thoracic setigerous segments. Posterior para- podia are biramous; neuropodia have reduced numbers of hooks and notopodia have few or none. It differs from Mediomastus, which also has 10 thoracic setigers, in having only pointed setae, instead of setae and hooks, in the thorax. Decamastus gracilis, new species Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (100+, HOLOTYPE), north wall, 113 m (4). Mugu cn, in 676m (15+), 755m (2). Length of a nearly complete individual, from Sta. 2191-52, is 47 mm and width is 1.1 mm in the widest part, or between the second and fourth thoracic segments. The thorax consists of a short, tri- angular prostomium without eyes, a complete peristomial ring which is nearly as wide as the following segment and slightly longer, and 10 setigerous segments with only pointed setae. The abdomen is much longer and narrower, and has many more segments. The epithelium of the peristomium and first 2 or 3 segments is slightly reticulated; it is smooth farther back. Median and posterior abdominal segments appear somewhat moniliform and collared be- cause the parapodial ridges are constricted and have narrow, encircling flanges behind the emergence of the setae, whereas the space between successive parapodia is inflated. In cross section the thorax is cylin- drical, anterior abdominal segments are trapezoidal with the longest side ventral, and posteriormost segments are again subcylindrical but slenderer than those in front. Thoracic notopodia and neuropodia are similar to one another in having spreading fascicles of distally pointed setae, located at ectal mar- gins and slightly behind the middle of the segment. The transition from thorax to abdomen is marked only by change from setae to long handled 62 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 hooks, and the middorsal approachment of the paired notopodia. They are somewhat elevated, nearly proximal, whereas the corresponding neuropodia are lateral, located at the widest part of the segment. Abdominal notopodial hooks in anterior and middle segments number only 4 or 5 in a transverse series, whereas their corresponding neuro- podia have about 12 hooks in a series; they are disposed so that the distal fang of all notopodial hooks is directed toward the distal fang of all neuropodial ones. In middle segments a short, collarlike flange surrounds the seg- ments; this is located just behind the setigerous elevations. The flange enlarges at postsetal positions to form a pair of semicircular lobes, longer in dorsal and shorter in ventral parapodia. he presence of hooks in these parapodia is obscured by the lobes, but they can be distinguished in neuropodia, where they number 4 or 5 in a series; notopodia have few (2 or 3) to no hooks. Decamastus gracilis has been recovered only from deep parts of longshore canyons, Redondo and Mugu, in depths of 232 to 755 meters, in muds. Heteromastus filobranchus Berkeley and Berkeley, 1932 Monterey cn, in 168 m (153), 410 m (47), 750 m (2), 906 m (7). Hueneme cn, in 98 m (4), 165 m (26), 177 m (225), 183 m (245), 209 m (45), 338 m (2); 373>m Cll and 3) 33 /oume(ir 478 m (9). Dume cn, in 507 m (6). Mugu cn, in 177 m (2), 367 m (18 large), 573 m (71), 676 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 475 m (1 fragment). Redondo cn, south wall, in 378 m (16 large), 232 m (98+), 575 m (1), north wall, 113 m (1), 363 m (102), 554 m (1 fragment), axis, 148 m (24 large), 239 m (10+), 246 m (6), 298 m (54), 344m (22), 378 m (6), 431 m (4), 503 m (28 large). San Pedro sea valley, in 319 m (1), 406 m (14), 437 m (1). Newport cn, in 16 m (2-4), 37 m (1), 83m (23 large) 97 am (12), 140 m (8), 235 m (24 large), 478 m (6). La Jolla cn, in 637 m (1 large). Heteromastus sp. Mugu cn, in 171 m (2 fragments). Santa Monica cn, in 542 m (1 fragment). Catalina cn, in 216m (1 jv). Leiochrides hemipodus Hartman, 1960 Dume ‘en, in. 530 m (1); 652:m: (1); 71) m1): NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 63 Redondo cn, slope, in 556 m (5), fan, 652 m (3), 660 m (4), /om~(1)),-751 m (? 1). San Pedro) sea valley, in 459 m (3). 661 m (2), 666 m (? 7), TAG m (1). Newport cn, in 741 m (2). La Jolla cn, in 545 m (2), 793 m (8), 976 m (1). Coronado cn, in 566 m (3), 1265 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 902 m (25). Catalina cn, in 549 m (4), 559 m (4). San Clemente rift valley, in 950 m (2), 1406m (1). Leiochrides sp. Tanner cn, in 603 m (1). This specimen differs from Leiochrides hemipodus (see above) in that thoracic neuropodia have setae in the first setigerous segment and the last 2 thoracic neuropodia have long handled hooks instead of pointed setae. Mediomastus glabrus Hartman, 1960 Hueneme cn, in 271 m (1). Mediomastus californiensis Hartman, 1944 Hueneme cn, in 177 m (18). Mugu cn, in 119m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (2), 232 m (5), north wall, 107 m (8), 113 m (3), 120 m (7), 146 m (1 fragment), axis, 137 m (8), 148 m (4), 282 m (4), 298 m (1), 344 m (1), slope, 310 m (2). Newport cn, in 16 m (114+), 37 m (33) (28), 85 m (12), Orme l62). 178m (1), 2d (1), 235m C/), 272m 1605): La Jolla cn, in 79 m (45), 121 m (4), 517 m (1 small). Coronado cn, in 123 m (3). Neoheteromastus lineus Hartman, 1960 Monterey cn, in 260 m (1). Notomastus hemipodus Hartman, 1947 Newport cn, in 97 m (10). Notomastus ?lineatus Claparéde, 1870 Hueneme cn, in 98 m (3). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1 fragment), 218 m (3), 221 m (8). Tanner cn, in 298 m (2). Notomastus magnus Hartman, 1947 Redondo cn, in 113 m (1 large). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (2). 64 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Newport cn, in 272 m (? 1 fragment). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2 large). Coronado cn, in 960 m (4). Santa Cruz cn, in 902 m (? 1 fragment). Notomastus lobatus Hartman, 1947 Tanner cn, in 603 m (? 5, large) ; 644 m (? 7). The questionable identification refers to the fact that lobed branchiae were not ob- served. Notomastus tenuis Moore, 1909 Mugu cn, in 378 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (? 14), 183 m (6), 268 m (2), 330 my (1), 362 m1 (2). Redondo cn, north wall, in 113 m (8), axis, 282 m (1), slope, 167 mo(6), 310 mG). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (? 17), dredged in 100-300 m (4). Newport cn, in 178 m (4). iva Jolta‘cn, im 12) m(2). Catalina cn, in 88 m (1), 379 m (3). Notomastus spp. Mugu cn, in 755m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 146 m (2 jv). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (4 fragments). Newport cn, in 37 m (2 large), 272 m (1 fragment). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2). Coronado cn, in 177 m (3 jv). Santa Cruz cn, in 459 m (3). Catalina cn, in 559 m (2 large, anterior fragments). Tanner cn, in 1298 m (10 fragments). Family MALDANIDAE Asychis disparidentata (Moore) 1904 Monterey cn, in 168 m (10 large, measure to 240 mm long by 9 mm across, in a tube measuring 7 to 10 mm in diameter). Hueneme cn, in 165 m (1), 177 m (3), 209 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (1 large). Redondo cn, axis, in 246 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (1 large, 80 mm long), 221 m (1), 437m (1). Newport cn, in 85 m (2 large), 170 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (1 large, 126 mm long by 8 mm wide). Catalina cn, in 266 m (1), 362 m (1 large and 1 small), 559 m (1). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 65 Asychis, nr gotoi (Izuka) 1902 Coronado cn, in 1265 m (1 large, in thick tube measuring 8 mm across, animal 4 mm wide). This species is previously recorded from Japan. Asychis spp. Dume cn, in 652 m (1 large and 1 juvenile). San Pedro sea valley, in 459 m (1 fragment, lacks anterior end). Coronado cn, in 1265 m (1 small, anal plaque with 3 long filaments). San Clemente rift valley, in 1406 m (1 fragment). Axiothella rubrocincta (Johnson) 1901 Hueneme cn, in 183 m (2). Mugu cn, in 177 m (18). Newport cn, in 97 m (2). Axiothella spp. Hueneme cn, in 478 m (4). Mugu cn, in 119 m (6, chiefly posterior ends). Dume cn, in 374 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 463 m (1 fragment). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (1 fragment), north wall, 107 m (2 jv), axis, 344 m (1 jv). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (20). Coronado cn, in 123 m (3), 177m (2). Santa Cruz cn, in 221m (?1). Catalina cn, in 362 m (? 1 fragment), 379 m (1), 914 m (15, in cylindrical tubes, their basal ends loosely coiled). Clymenopsis cingulata (Ehlers) 1887 Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (3 large). Tanner cn, in 644 m (2). Euclymene reticulata Moore, 1923 Coronado cn, in 960 m (? 3, in arenaceous, thin-walled tubes). Euclymene sp. or euclymenid Redondo cn, north wall, in 363 m (1 posterior fragment), axis, 137 m (1 large and 1 small). La Jolla cn, in 793 m (21), 976m (6). Santa Cruz cn, in 1387 m (? 1 fragment). Catalina cn, in 379 m (1). 66 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Euclymeninae Mugu cn, in 573 m (1). Redondo cn, axis, in 378 m (? 1 posterior end), fan, in 602 m (2). Newport cn, in 553 m (10 jv). Santa Cruz cn, in 459 m (14 fragments). Isocirrus longiceps (Moore) 1923 Hueneme cn, in 456 m (? 1 fragment). Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m, rocky bottom (1 fragment). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (1 fragment). Newport cn, in 170m (1). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (1). Lumbriclymene lineus Hartman, 1960 Newport cn, in 553 m (? 1 fragment). San Clemente rift valley, in 1591 m (1). Tanner cn, in 644 m (2), 1298 m (2). Lumbriclymene sp. San Diego trench, in 844 m (1). Coronado cn, in 1265 m (1). Maldane cristata Treadwell, 1923 San Diego trough, in 768 m (5). La Jolla cn, in 545 m (6), 708 m (5), 793 m (8), 976 m (13). The tube is thick walled, covered with mud and has lateral branches or vents, in alternate arrangement. Maldane, nr sarsi Malmgren, 1865 Monterey cn, in 168 m (1), 410 m (165). Hueneme cn, in 373 m (2 jv), 397 m (2 jv). Dume cn, in 374 m (3 jv), 398 m (?°3), 530 m (2) (the last two lots lack pigment). Mugu en, in 119m 1), 177 m (8), 378m). Sama) Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (6), 330 m (39), 362 m (43), 431 m (64), 463 m (17), 475 m (36 jv), 583 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (many), 480 m (310 large). Redondo cn, south wall, in 232 m (14 large), north wall, 107 m (2y5. 182m G10)" 120 na 11 gy 14 Mime 2 iv), Sesame] is 465 m (? 50+), axis, 239 m (2), 246 m (1), 282 m (1), 344 m (1 jv), 611 m (1), slope, 310°m (161), 334 m (many), 556 m (4), fan, 652 m (1 large and 2 small). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (1), 221 m (3), 406 m (1), NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 67 437 m (14), 459 m (2), 461 m (322 large and small), 468 m (14 jv), 522 m (1 jv), 666m (1). INewport.cn, ini 37m (1), 1440 m (1), 170 m (6), 211 m (22), Poo my (ls), 420 mi (1 large), 553 m,(Z jv), 741 m (3). San Diego trough, in 840 m (1). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1 jv), 812 m (6), 960 m (4 large and 4 small),°812 m (6), 1105 °m (1 small), 1265 m (1). Catalina cn, in 216 m (6), 266 m (87), 362 m (6), 379 m (15), 549 m (3), 914m (2 or more). ?Maldanella robusta Moore, 1906 Redondo cn, in 76 m (2 large). Santa Cruz cn, in218m (?1). maldanids, not identified Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (2, fragmented). Redondo cn, axis, in 422 m (10 or more), fan, 715 m (several). Coronado cn, in 123 m (2 jv). Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (5 or more, fragmented). Tanner cn, in 813 m (4 anterior ends and tail of another one). Nicomache ?lumbricalis (Fabricius) 1780 San Pedro sea valley, in 522 m (?1). Tanner cn, in 603 m (1 jv). Nicomache personata Johnson, 1901 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 and 200 m, rocky bottom (many). San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (1+). Nicomache spp. Redondo cn, fan, in 652 m (1 anterior end). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (1 fragment). Catalina cn, in 853 m (3 jv), 1272 m (1 anterior end). Tanner cn, in 603 m (1, in arenaceous, friable tube). Notoproctus pacificus (Moore) 1906 Santa Monica cn, trawled in about 200 m, rocky bottom (1 frag- ment, nearly white, in arenaceous tube in rocky crevice). Tanner cn, in 644 m (5). Petaloproctus sp. Redondo cn, north wall, in 465 m (2). Praxillella affinis pacifica Berkeley, 1929 Hueneme cn, in 177 m (1). Mugu cn, in 378 m (1 large, harbors commensal Harmothoe sp.) 68 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.2/ Dume cn, in 398 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 362 m (1), 454m (2). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (6 or more), 232 m (3), north wall, 107 m (1), 113 m (4), 122 m (1), axis, 148 m (1), slope, 167 m (1), 310 m (3), fan, 652 m (3 fragments). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (3 large). Newport cn, in 16 m (2 large), 85 m (5 large), 97 m (2), 170 my (8), 211 mm (4 large), 420m (1); 553m (2). Praxillella gracilis (Sars) 1861 Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 330 m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (1), 120 m (1), 122 m (2), slope, 167 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (2 large, tube 220 mm long). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (1). Catalina cn, in 88 m (4 large), 708 m (1 fragment). San Clemente rift valley, in 950 m (1). ‘Tanner cn, in 813 m (2 anterior ends). Praxillella spp. Mugu cn, in 119 m (1), 177 m (3 fragments). Santa Monica cn, in 475 m (1 fragment). Redondo cn, north wall, in 146 m (2 jv), 363 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 468 m (? 1 fragment). Newport cn, in 140 m (1), 420 m (1 large, with 5, instead of 4 preanal, asetigerous segments), 642 m (? 12), 741 m (1 fragment). Coronado cn, in 812 m (10). Catalina cn, in 266 m (1 fragment). Tanner cn, in 813 m (1 posterior end). It has 10 long, flattened cirri in a circlet about the anal flange. Praxillella trifila Hartman, 1960 Coronado cn, in 1105 m (2). Tanner cn, in 603 m (? 1). Praxillura maculata Moore, 1923 Catalina cn, in 914 m (15 or more). Rhodine bitorquata Moore, 1923 Monterey cn, in 260 m (1 fragment). Mugu cn, in 177 m (31). Redondo cn, north wall, in 146 m (1 fragment). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 69 San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1). Newport cn, in 97 m (1), 178 m (2), 741 m (1 fragment). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (1 fragment), 708 m (? 1 fragment). Coronado cn, in 812 m (1 fragment), 916 m (8). Santa Cruz cn, in 902 m (1), 1387 m (2). Tanner cn, in 603 m (1), 1298 m (1). Family OWENIIDAE Myriochele gracilis Hartman, 1955 Hueneme cn, in 338 m (4), 373 m (? 8), 397 m (27). Mugu cn, in 177 m (4), 378 m (2 jv). Dume cn, in 652 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (2), 583 m (? 4). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (1), 232 m (2), north wall, HOjemel). 122 m (2), 146m (2), 465 m (1); axis, 422 m'(8); oliim (3), slope, 147 m (1), 556m (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 480 m (1). San Diego trough, in 846 m (27). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (2), 177 m (7), 566 m (1), 1265 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (2), 676m (?6). Catalina cn, in 88 m (5), 266 m (5), 549 m (1), 559 m (3). Myriochele pygidialis Hartman, 1960 San Diego trough, in 844 m (45). Tanner cn, in 496 m (3). Myriochele spp. Mugu cn, in 721 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 542 m (1). Newport cn, in 478 m (1), 553 m (3). LaJolla cn, in 545 m (1),976m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (3), 676 m (6), 902 m (2). Catalina cn, in 1272 m (1). Tanner cn, in 603 m (1), 644m (2). Myriowenia californiensis Hartman, 1960 Mugu cn, in 177 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1 fragment). 70 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.2F Owenia fusiformis collaris Hartman, 1955 Hueneme cn, in 373 m (5 jv), 456 m (2 jv). Mugu cn, in 119m (1), 177 m (58 jv). Redondo cn, slope, in 167 m (1 fragment). Santa Croz cn, in 89m (1); 220m (1). Catalina cn, in 362 m (5 jv). Owenia spp. Monterey cn, in 168 m (2). Hueneme cn, in 373 m (5 jv), 456 m (2 jv). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 120 m (12). Coronado cn, in 123 m (2). oweniid, unidentified Newport cn, in 16 m (79). Family PECTINARIIDAE Pectinaria californiensis Hartman, 1941 Monterey cn, in 168 m (43), 260 m (16), 397 m (10), 410 mi( 1). Hueneme cn, im 165 ni (65), 177 m (2); 209 me(16) 338m (84), 373 m (200 and 123), 376 m (24), 456 (1 jv). Dume cn, in 299 m (1), 374 m (21 large), 398 m (10), 507 m (1). Muew cn, in 177 mm (25), 378m (19) oar Ce Santa Monica cn, in 116 m (1 fragment), 183 m (5 dead tubes), 268 m (4), 330 m (2), 362 m (1), 454 m (2 small). Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (4), 232 m (28), 378 m (44 and 65 tubes), 519 m (1), north wall, 107 m (53 jv), 113 m (312), 120 m (34), 122 m (10), 146 m (68), 363 m (more than 500), 465 m (1), axis, 137 m (580 large), 148 m (96), 239 m (5), 246 m (dead tubes only), 282 m (6), 344 m (63 of which 41 are jv), 378 (195), 422 (more than 50), 431 m (136), 503 m (5 small), slope, 167 m (26), 310 m (12), 334m (many). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (14), 221 m (70), 319 m (24), 406 m (20, and many dead blackened tubes), 437 m (1), 459 m (2), 461 m (17 large), 468 m (7), dredged in 100-300 m (1), dredged in 240-280 m (few). Newport cn, in 16 m (14 small), 37 m, sand (2), 37 m, silt (23), 85 NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS Tish m (315 large and small), 97 m (47), 140 m (58), 170 m (23), 178 m (32), 211 m (55), 235 m (169 large and small), 272 m (46), 420 m (36),478 m (15). i> jolla cn: an 121m (5),0135: m “206: jv)5. 274 m: C1950), 371 m (774 jv, measure to +.2 mm long). Coronado cn, in 123 m (15), 177 m (17), 344 m (3). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (1). Catalina cn, in 88 m (12), 218 m (12 small), 266 m (10), 362 mi (63 ),3/9'm (118), 559 m (3). Family SABELLARIIDAE Sabellaria cementarium Moore, 1906 Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m, rocky bottom (several). Sabellaria sp. Ea Jolla en, in 135m (1 jv). Family AMPHARETIDAE Amage anops (Johnson) 1901 Hueneme cn, in 209m (?1). Mugu cn, in 171 m (6). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 330 m (1). Redondo cn, slope, in 167 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 522 m (4). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (1). Catalina cn, in 88 m (4). Amage spp. Redondo cn, fan, in 825 m (7). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (2). La Jolla cn, in 79m (1). Coronado cn, in 177 m (3). Ampharete arctica Malmgren, 1866 Mugu cn, in 119m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 330 m (4). Redondo cn, slope, in 167 m (? 1), 310 m (1). Catalina cn, in 379 m (15). 72 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 ?Ampharete spp. Mugu cn, in 352m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 459 m (2). Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (?4). San Clemente cn, in 950 m (1), 1591 m (1). Tanner cn, in 813 m (10 large). In mud tubes adorned with siliceous sponge spicules which project out to form a spinous tube. Amphicteis mucronata Moore, 1923 Santa Monica cn, in 583 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (?7). ‘Tanner cn, in 496 m (2). Amphicteis scaphobranchiata Moore, 1906 Mugu cn, in 119m (2), 177 m (3). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 330 m (1), 454 m (1). Redondo cn, north wall, in 554 m (1 large), axis, in 611 m (2 large), fan, 810 m (several). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2). Coronado cn, in 344 m (3). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (2). Catalina cn, in 362 m (1 fragment). Amphisamytha bioculata (Moore) 1906 Santa Monica cn, in 612 m (? 1 small, white and ovigerous). Amphicteis spp. Hueneme cn, in 373 m (1 fragment). Redondo cn, in 542 m (1). Newport cn, in 741 m (7). Coronado cn, in 177 m (1 fragment). ?Anobothrus gracilis (Malmgren) 1866 Monterey cn, in 168 m (10 small). Mugu cn, in 676 m (6). Redondo cn, in 554 m (50 or more), axis, 246 m (1). Catalina cn, in 549 m (4). Anobothrus, unknown species Tanner cn, in 813 m (about 35). Length of ovigerous specimens is 9 mm, width in thorax or widest No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 73 part is 0.8 mm. Setae of the tenth setigerous segment are modified, as characteristic of the genus. The prostomium is broadly trilobed at its frontal margin and has a pair of conspicuous black transverse eye patches, occurring along the posterior margin of the lateral lobes. Branchiae number 4 pairs; they are subulate and attached to form an anterior row of 3 pairs with the medial pair nearly touching at the base, and a fourth pair behind, inserted between and behind the 2 innermost pairs. Each branchia is long and tapers distally. Oral tentacles are cirriform and pennate. The setae of the tenth setigerous segment are mucronate, slightly shorter than those in front or behind. Each is a broad blade and terminates in a long, slender mucron. Other thoracic setae are simple and tapering distally. Paleae of the first segment form a conspicuous pair of spreading fascicles with about 10 on a side; they are broad bladed and taper distally to a prolonged tip. The tube is close fitting, lined with a smooth, chitinized sheath and externally covered with rounded sand and foraminiferan particles of uniform size. These specimens differ from Anobothrus gracilis (see above) in having the modified setae smooth, not spinous, and the paleae mu- cronate, not merely tapering distally. Anobothrus spp. Coronado cn, in 566 m (more than 100), 1265 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (10). Tanner cn, in 496 m (12). Glyphanostomum ?pallescens (Theel) 1878 Redondo cn, north wall, in 554 m (2). The tube is thin, smooth, cylindrical but flaccid when empty; it measures 62 mm long by 0.6 mm wide and has transverse dark and light tan bars and is externally adorned with slender siliceous sponge spicules at its distal end. The specimens are ovigerous, and measure about 14 mm long by 0.5 mm wide. Paleae are absent. Oral tentacles are smooth, filiform, numerous and all of one kind. Branchiae number 3 pairs, are inserted in a straight line; each is long, slender or cirriform. The thorax consists of 13 setigerous segments and the abdomen of about 24. Lysippe annectens Moore, 1923 Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (2, measure only 6 mm long and are ovigerous), north wall, 120 m (1), 146 m (1 jv), 554 m (10), axis, 611 m (4), fan, 652 m (3), 751 m (59), 786 m (4 small). 74 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL, 271 San Pedro‘ sea: valley,. in 522 ma(33); 66) -nr.(37),. 666 me (6). 716 m (1), dredged in 100-300 m (about 15). Newport cn, in 553 m (12). La Jolla cn, in 793 m (3). Santa Craz en, in 221 m (1), 676m (3). Catalina cn, in 88 m (1), 559m (8), 1272 m (8). ‘Tanner cn, in 603 m (5), 644 m (12), 813 m (2), 1298 m (1). Lysippe sp. Newport cn, in 642 m (24). Thoracic setigerous segments number 17 instead of 16. Melinna heterodonta Moore, 1923 Hueneme cn; an’ 3/3 mm. (2). 3/6) m) Cl )37397, met laree)e Dume cn, in 398 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 330 m (3), 454 m (1). Redondo cn, south wall; in 378 m (2), 363 mm s@ on amore), 465 m (2), axis, 246 m (1 large with tube 112 mm long and animal 50 mm long) 344 m (1 jv), 378 m (1), 431 m (5 large). San Pedro sea valley, in 459 m (2), 522 m (1 large), 661 m (1 large). Newport ca, inom (1); 1/0-m (2)e 272 m2) Coronado cn, in 344 m (36 large, in mud-walled tubes), 566 m (6, body drab green, pygidium a short white lobe), 812 m (1 large). Catalina ‘cn, in’ 288°m (2), 362. m1 (1). 37/936) Melinna sp., with elongated branchiae San Diego trench, in 734 m (1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1 small). Catalina cn, in 216 m (4). Melinnexis moorei Hartman, 1960 Dume cn, in 711 m (1 large, in tube 320 mm long). Santa Monica cn, in 583 m (? 1 large). Redondo cn, slope, in 556 m (? 5, in tubes resembling black rubber hose), fan, 706 m (1 large, in tube 500 mm long). San Pedro sea valley, in 461 m (1), 480 m (1 large). Newport cn, in +78 m (4 large, tubes measure 140 mm long and the contained animal about 50 mm long. Tubes are externally adorned with brown arenaceous foraminiferans and have attached snail egg cases ). Santa Cruz cn, in218m(?1). San Clemente rift valley, in 950 m (tubes), 1406 m (1, tube No..3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS iS) adorned with sponge spicules attached on end), 1591 m (1), 1620 m (tubes). Tanner cn, in 603 m (1 large and 2 very small). Schistocomus hiltoni Chamberlin, 1919 Mugu cn, in 119 m (4). Schistocomus sp. Dume cn, in 299 m (empty tube which is thin, rust colored and papyraceous ). San Pedro sea valley, in 100-300 m (2). iva Jollacn, in 793 mi (3). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (2, in tubes). ampharetids, not identified Mugu cn, in 573m (1). Dume cn, in 652 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 542 m (3 small). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (1+), 232 m (3), north wall, 107 m (4), 465 m (2), axis, 344 m (5 jv), 422 m (more than 2), 611 m (78 small, ovigerous), slope, 556 m (4 small), fan, 686 m (many small), 706 m (about 20), 715 m (many). Newport cn, in 97 m (4 small). Coronado cn, in 123 m (3 jv), 566 m (12 large), 812 m (5+). Catalina cn, in 708 m (2 small), 914 m (6 small). Clemente cn, in 1406 m (12 small). Tanner cn, in 644 m (12 jv). Family TEREBELLIDAE Amaeana occidentalis (Hartman) 1944 Monterey cn, in 260 m (1). Hueneme cn, in 98 m (1). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (2), axis, 148 m (1 jv). Newport cn, in 16 m (10), 37 m (6), 97 m (1). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (4), 121 m (1), 274m (1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1). Artacamella hancocki Hartman, 1955 Redondo cn, south wall, in 76 m (10 jv), north wall, 107 m (2), slope, 167 m (2). Eupolymnia sp. Newport cn, in 85 m (5 jv). 76 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 ?Hauchiella sp. Redondo cn, in 542 m (1). Leaena caeca Hartman, 1960 Catalina cn, in 853 m (1). Lanice spp. Hueneme cn, in 456 m (tubes). Redondo cn, in 107 m (1 fragment), 120 m (1 fragment), +65 m G2 lay. Newport cn, in 553 m (? 1 fragment). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (1), 459 m (2 or more). Catalina cn, in 216 m (? 1 fragment). San Clemente rift valley, in 950 m (? 1). Tanner cn, in 496 m (1 and 5 tops of tubes). Pista disjuncta Moore, 1923 Hueneme cn, in 209 m (20 or more), 373 m (many). Dume cn, in 299 m (2), 374 m (5 large), 398 m (9). Mugu cn, in 119m (12), 177m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 542 m (1 large). Redondo cn, north wall, in 113 m (2), axis, 137 m (12 large), 378 m (1 fragment), slope, 310 m (7 large). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1), 437 m (7 large), 459 m (17). Newport cn, in 16 m (12), 97 m (1), 140 m (7 large), 170 m (73 large), 178 m (14 large), 211 m (68), 235 m (71), 272 m (35). La Jolla cn, in 121 m (3 large). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1 small). Catalina cn, in 88 m (30 large), 1282 m (1). Tanner cn, in 1298 m (? 1 fragment). Pista, cf. cristata (Miiller) 1776 Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (many), north wall, 107 m (5), 120 m (20), 122 m (10), 146 m (2 small), slope, 167 m (31). Newport cn, in 97 m (2). La Jolla cn, in 79 m (2). Pista elongata Moore, 1909 Dume cn, trawled in 80-100 m, rocky bottom (1). Pista fasciata (Grube) 1870 San Pedro sea valley, in 459 m (? 6). NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS V7 Pista spp. Redondo cn, north wall, in 554 m (1), slope, 556 m (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 716 m (1 fragment). Tanner cn, in 1298 m (1 fragment). Coronado cn, in 566 m (2 small). Polycirrus spp. Dume cn, trawled in 80-100 m, rocky bottom (1). Mugu cn, in 177 m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 362 m (3). Redondo cn, slope, in 310 m (4). Newport cn, in 97 m (1). Tanner cn, in 298 m (1). Scionella japonica Moore, 1903 San Clemente rift valley, in 950 m (1). Streblosoma crassibranchia Treadwell, 1914 Monterey cn, in 168 m (1), 260 m (1). Mugu cn, in 119 m (3). Dume cn, in 299 m (1 large, empty tube). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (1), 475 m (1 large). Redondo cn, axis, in 422 m (1 fragment). Newport cn, in97 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 218m (?2). ?Thelepus sp. Redondo cn, north wall, in 465 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 221 m (4 fragments, host of Lepidasthenia sp.) terebellids, not identified Redondo cn, fan, in 810 m (1). Newport cn, in 741 m (4, perhaps unknown genus and species). Santa Cruz cn, in 623 m (1 large, host of Lepidasthenia sp.) Catalina cn, in 708 m (1 posterior fragment). Family TRICHOBRANCHIDAE Terebellides stroemi Sars, 1835, or var. Hueneme cn, in 338 m (1 jv). Mugu cn, in 177 m (1). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (3), 330 m (1), 542 m (1 jv), 612 m (1 small). Redondo cn, south wall, in 57 m (5), 542 m (1), 575 m (1), 78 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 north wall, 107 m (10), 120 m (4), 122 m (1), 146 m (2), 554m (2), axis, 239 m (1), slope, 167 m (2). San Pedro sea valley, in 187 m (1), 221 m (1), 459 m (1). Newport cn, in 170 m (1), 178 m (1), 272 m (3), 553 m (1 small). La Jolla cn, m 121 m (2), 545 om (1),5793 mG or more), 976 m (1 jv). Coronado cn, in 177 m (16). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (1 small), 221 m (1), 676 m (3). Catalina cn, in 216 m (4 small), 288 m (8), 559 m (2), 914 m (1). San Clemente rift valley, in 1406 m (1). Nanner cn, in) 298 m (2), 603m: (16), 1298 nv 1G dare: ovigerous). It is likely that the deepwater form is specifically different from the shallow one. Family SABELLIDAE Chone gracilis Moore, 1906 Mugu cn, in 119m (11). Chone infundibuliformis Kroyer, 1856 Hueneme cn, in 183 m (1). Mugucn, in 119m (1). Chone spp. Santa Monica cn, in 463 m (1, lacks crown). Redondo cn, north wall, in 120 m (2), 146 m (1 jv), 554 m (2), axis, 344 m (1 jv), 611 m (1), slope, 310 m (2), 334 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 522 m (1). Newport cn, in 235 m (1). Coronado cn, in 123 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (8). Catalina cn, in 379 m (2 jv). ?Euchone sp. Mugu cn, in 119m (1). Redondo cn, slope, in 556m (1), fan, 660 m (1). San Pedro sea valley, in 221 m (1). Santa Cruz cn, in 89 m (? 1 posterior end). Hypsicomus sp. Dume cn, trawled in 80-100 m (1). Megalomma splendida (Moore) 1905 Redondo cn, north wall, in 122 m (2 large), slope, 167 m (2, in cartilaginous, sand-covered tubes). No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 79 Megalomma spp. Redondo cn, north wall, in 107 m (1 jv). ‘Tanner cn, in 496 m (2), 644m (?1). Myxicola infundibulum (Renier) 1804 San Pedro sea valley, dredged in 100-300 m (1). Potamethus mucronatus (Moore) 1923 Santa Monica cn, in 583m (?1). Redondo cn, fan, in 652 m (5, in tubes), 751 m (1, in cylindrical tube 95 mm long, resembling a rubber hose). Potamethus sp. Redondo cn, slope, in 167 m (26). Catalina cn, in 379 m (1 fragment). Tanner cn, in 603 m (1 small, in silt covered tube). Pseudopotamilla sp. Dume cn, trawled in 80-100 m, rocky bottom (1). sabellid, not identified Redondo cn, south wall, in 575 m (1, radioles lack filaments), axis, 422 m (2), fan, 602 m (2), 706 m (2). La Jolla cn, in 976 m (1 jv). Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (2 jv). Catalina cn, in 559 m (1 jv). San Clemente rift valley, in 1591 m (1), 1620 m (1). Family SERPULIDAE Apomatus sp. Dume cn, trawled in 80-100 m (1, in white cylindrical tube, its base attached to a rock). Protis pacifica Moore, 1923 Santa Monica cn, in 583 m (tubes). Redondo cn, in 554 m (? 1, tube attached to mollusk shell). San Pedro sea valley, in 480 m (2), 461 m (2), 666 m (1). protulid Redondo cn, in 542 m (1), fan, 686 m (1), 706 m (several), 715 m (1 ormore). 80 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Vermiliopsis spp. Dume cn, trawled in 80-100 m, rocky bottom (1 or more, attached to rocks). Santa Monica cn, trawled in 80 m, rocky bottom (1 or more). spirorbids La Jolla cn, in 371 m (1), 637 m (100 or more, on algal strands). Polychaete, unknown Coronado cn, in 812 m (1). A very long, slender, threadlike speci- men has parapodia consisting of a small orbicular lobe and_ setae consisting of single acicular spines and a few limbate setae in each fascicle. It is associated with a deepwater fauna. Additional notes on SOLENOGASTERS These wormlike mollusks have been most frequent in depths below 200 meters, in offshore canyons. Fifteen species in three genera are named by Schwabl (1963, in press). Most numerous are species of Crystallophrisson, followed by Prochaetoderma and Limifossor. Limifossor fratula Heath, 1911 Schwabl, 1963, in press Redondo cn, 310 m (4), 344 m (1), 422 m (9), 459 m (1), 602 mC2 je G2 ml (2) ol Ome Gl): San Pedro sea valley, 459 m (1). Crystallophrisson hartmani Schwabl, 1963, in press Redondo cn, 310 m (2), 422 m (1), 459 m. (1), 5/5 mr Gr 602m (1), 652am,( 1): Crystallophrisson riedli Schwabl, 1963, in press Redondo cn, 575 m (2). Crystallophrisson rubrum Schwabl, 1963, in press Redondo cn, 575 m (1). Crystallophrisson scabrum Heath, 1911 Redondo cn, 422 m (3), 465 m (2). Crystallophrisson spp. Monterey cn, 211 m (7). Dume cn, 299 m (1), 374 m (1), 398 m (1), 507 m (1), 530 m (9), 580 m (6). San Pedro sea valley, 50-150 fms (2), 461m (7). Redondo cn, 378 m (1), 422 m (2), 437 m (1), 503 m (6), 560 m (1). No. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS Sil Newport cn, 170 m (1), 211 m (4), 272 m (1), 420 m (5), 478 ma(2 535ml) 642 m (3). La Jolla cn, 793 m (12). Coronado cn, 566 m (8). Prochaetoderma californicum Schwabl, 1963, in press Dume cn, 374 m (5), 580 m (6). Newport cn, 170 m (3), 178 m (2),.478 m (1), 553 m (10). Coronado cn, 566 m (36). Catalina cn, 379 m (6). Additional Notes on PELECY PODS. Dacrydium pacificum Dall, 1916 Fig. 4a-c. Soot-Ryen, 1955, p. 86 (review of the genus). Newport cn, 553 m (1). San Diego trough, 343 m (1), 381 m (1), 420m (1). San Clemente rift valley, 1620 m (?5). All specimens are dead valves, but some fresh as though not long dead. Specific identity has been verified by Dr. Myra Keen, Stanford University and Dr. Harald Rehder, United States National Museum. Its occurrence from the type locality, Bering Sea in 1401 fms, is of some interest since it suggests affinities of the deepwater fauna of southern California with that of Arctic seas. Lyonsiella alaskana Dall, 1894 Fig. 4d. (Some of the collections were identified by Dr. Myra Keen). Newport cn, 553 m (1). Coronado cn, 566 m (3). Catalina cn, 379 m (1). This species was first described from the Gulf of Alaska, in 1569 fms, in green ooze. Its present distribution is limited to the deeper parts of submarine canyons. The valves are characteristic (Fig. 4d), cordate in shape, thin and delicate, and externally sculptured with radiating ridges. Saxicavella pacifica Dall, 1916 This species is given special notice because it occurs in peak num- bers at some places. Monterey cn, 211 m (6). Hueneme cn, 177 m (99), 373 m (9), 376 m (12). 82 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 a, Dacrydium pacificum Dall, Sta. 6820, San Diego trough, shell in outer, left lateral view, x 11; b, same, shell seen from within, x 13; c, connected valves seen in posterior edge, x 13; d, Lyonsiella alaskana Dall, Sta. 6852, Coronado canyon, shell in exterior view, x 11; e, Gastropod egg capsule attached to a rock, Sta. 6805, Santa Cruz canyon, x 0.92. NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 83 San Pedro sea valley, 319 m (21). Newport cn, 272 m (7), 420 m (10), 478 m (17). Amygdalum pallidulum (Dall) 1916 Redondo cn, 76 m (240). La Jolla cn, 545 m (8). This nest-building mytilid was redescribed by Soot-Ryen (1955, p. 69). Yoldia scissurata Dall, 1898 Redondo cn, 148 m (27). Newport cn, 170 m (2 large), 211 m (2) measure 30 by 14 mm. Solemya panamensis Dall, 1908 Santa Monica cn, 116m (21 large). Its occurrence in polluted areas is of some interest, since it thrives where few other mollusks are found. Macoma incongrua (Martens) 1865 The greatest concentration of this deepwater pelecypod occurred in Redondo cn, 148 m (323). Acila castrensis (Hinds) 1843 Hueneme cn, 177 m (4). Mugu cn, 177 m (68). Newport cn, 170 m (26), 211 m (110, measure about 11.5 mm long ; some are penetrated by a drill). Additional Notes on GASTROPODS. Mitrella permodesta (Dall), 1890 Redondo cn, 611 m (30). Newport cn, 553 m (27), 642 m (49). La Jolla cn, 545 m (1), 637 m (10 or more). Additional Notes on SCAPHOPODS. Dentalium rectius Carpenter, 1864 Monterey cn, 168 m (5) ; 260 m (present) ; 410 m (16 living and many dead shells). Hueneme cn, 209 m (47), 478 m (5). Mugu cn, 177 m (37). Redondo cn, axis, 246 m (32). 84 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 San Pedro sea valley, 817 m (150 tubes of which some are dead). Newport cn, 85 m (1), 97 m (3), 140 m (8), 170 m (34), 178 m (50 or more, some large to 20-30 mm long), 272 m (1 large), 420 m (1). Gastropod egg case. Fig. 4e Santa Cruz cn, in 218 m (3 cases), 221 m (1 case). Several large opaque white or cream-colored egg cases were taken in two samples, both in Santa Cruz canyon. Each is broadly flask shaped, with a maximum diameter of 21 mm, and 20 mm wide at the base. The largest one measures 40 mm high to the base of the tubules and 23 mm across at its widest part. The flask is slightly constricted near the base, flares distally and gives rise to a larger distal tube and 6 to 13 smaller, slenderer tubules around the distal periphery. The capsule is thick, somewhat chitinized and tough to tear. None of the contents revealed developing young, and since the tubules were entirely opened at their distal ends, it is assumed that the young had escaped before the capsules were taken. ECHIUROIDEA Three or more kinds of echiuroids were taken, only one in abun- dance. ‘They are summarized here with their occurrences in the canyons. All references may be consulted in Fisher (1949, pp. 479-497). Arhynchite californicus Fisher, 1949 Fisher, 1949, pp. 486-487, pl. 30. as Arhynchite sp., in the List of stations and APPENDIX Monterey cn, in 260 m (3 large) ; 410 m (4 large). Hueneme cn, in 373 m (1 and 2 large), 376 m (2). Dume cn, in 711m (2). Santa Monica cn, in 268 m (3 large), 330 m (2), 31 m (1 large). 463 m (1 small). Redondo cn, in 146 m (2 large), 363 m (2 large), 465 m (2 large), 298 m (4 large). The largest, from Redondo canyon, measure 140 mm long by 20 mm wide, and are dark blood red in life. The surface is opaque, papillated most intensely at anterior and posterior ends and the middle region of the body obscurely papillated. A single pair of brassy yellow, spinous, distally hooked setae is visible at the anterior ventral end of the body. The proboscis, frequently detached or lost, is long, slender, ribbonlike, distally expanded and pale or white in life. On dissection a NO. 3 HARTMAN : SUBMARINE CANYONS 85 pair of long nephridia can be seen. The anal vesicles are very long. The fecal pellets in the alimentary tract are cylindrical, capsule-shaped, measure (in largest individuals) about 1.72 mm long and 0.64 mm across; when extruded these pellets are slightly annular. Specimens from Redondo canyon, and perhaps also other canyons, harbor a commensal crab. The species was first named from Monterey Bay, California, in 222 fms, in soft gray mud. The present specimens are from 146 to 711 meters, southern California. Echiuroid, not identified Coll.—Newport cn, in 555 m (2), 478 m (tongue of a large one). Wa Jollaicnyin'637 m (5). Catalina cn, in 362 m (1 large), 379 m (1 large). These individuals differ from Arhynchite californicus (above) in having the surface epithelium distinctly papillate throughout and the epithelium is thinner, somewhat translucent. Listriolobus pelodes Fisher, 1946 Coll.—Hueneme cn, in 177 m (75), 183 m (3). Redondo cn, in 107 m (1 large). This species is most concentrated in shelflands along the Santa Barbara-Ventura shelf (Barnard and Hartman, 1959, p. 6). The present specimens come from the upper ends of northern canyons. In life specimens are pale or grayish green and somewhat translucent. BRACHIOPODA Glottidia albida (Hinds) 1844 Mugu cn, 119 m (41). Santa Monica cn, in 463 m (2 jv). Redondo cn, 57 m (7), 741m (2). Newport cn, 16 m (1 small), 85 m (1 small), 97 m (2), 170 m (1 small). This is typically a shelf species, in sandy bottoms; its occurrence in canyons is occasional. OLIGOCHAETA Hueneme cn, in 397 m (5). Mugu cn, in 573m (12). Redondo cn, axis, in 560 m (7). Coronado cn, in 960 m (2). The surface epithelium is minutely prickly. 86 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 LITERATURE CITED BARNARD, J. L., AND OLGA HARTMAN 1959. The sea bottom off Santa Barbara, California: Biomass and community structure. Pac. Nat., 1(6) : 1-16, 7 figs. BERKELEY, EDITH 1930. Polychaetous annelids from the Nanaimo district. Part 5. Ammocha- ridae to Myzostomidae. Can. Biol. Bd., Contrib. Canad. Biol., 6(5): 65-77, 8 figs. EHLERS, E. 1875. Beitrige zur Kenntniss der Verticalverbreitung der Borstenwiirmer im Meere. Zeits. wiss. Zool., 25:1-102, pls. I-IV. 1887. Report on the annelids. Reports on the results of dredging . . . in the U. S. coast survey steamer “Blake.” Harvard. Mus. Comp. Zool., Mem., 15:1-335, pls. 1-60. FAUVEL, P. 1923. Polychétes errantes. Faune de France. 5:1-488, figs. 1-188. FIsHER, W. K. 1949. Additions to the echiuroid fauna of the north Pacific Ocean. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc., 99 :479-497, pls. 28-34. HARTMAN, OLGA 1947. Capitellidae. Allan Hancock Pac. Expeds., 10:391-482, pls. 43-58. 1959. Catalogue of the Polychaetous Annelids of the world. Allan Hancock Found. Pubs., Occas. Pap., 23:1-628. 1960. The benthic fauna of the deep basins off southern California. Allan Hancock Pac. Expeds., 22:69-216, 19 pls. 1961. A new monstrillid Copepod parasitic in capitellid Polychaetes in south- ern California. Zool. Anz., 167 :325-334, 1 plate, 1 chart. 1961. Polychaetous annelids from California. Allan Hancock Pac. Expeds., 25 :1-226, front., 34 pls. LUTZEN, J. 1961. Sur une nouvelle espéce de polychéte Sphaerodoridium commensalis, n. gen., n. spec. (Polychaeta Errantia, famille des Sphaerodoridae) vivant en commensal de Terebellides stroemi Sars. Cahiers de Biol. Mar., 2:409-416, 1 fig. MclIntosu, W. C. 1879. On the Annelida obtained during the cruise of H. M. S. ‘Valorous’ to Davis Strait in 1875. Linn. Soc. Lon., Trans., n. s., 1:499-511, pl. 65. ScHWABL, M. 1963. Solenogaster mollusks from southern California. Pac. Sci. (in press), 2 charts, 7 pls., 13 figs. Soot-RYEN, T. 1955. A report on the family Mytilidae (Pelecypoda). Allan Hancock Pac. Expeds., 20:1-176, 10 plates, 78 text-figs. TREADWELL, A. L. 1921. Leodicidae of the West Indian region. Carnegie Inst. Wash., Dept. Mar. Biol., 15:1-131, 467 figs., 9 pls. (Also zfs Pub. 293). UscHAkoyv, P. V. 1955. Mnogoshchetinkovye chervi dal’nevostochnykh morei SSSR (Poly- chaeta). Akad. Nauk SSSR, Opred. po faune SSSR, 56:1-445, figs. 1-164. INDEX Page numbers of plates are in boldface type acicula, Goniada, 24 aciculata, Aricidea (Cirrophorus), 40 Acila castrensis, 83 acmeceps profundus, Scoloplos, 37 Acrocirrus crassifilis, 49 acuta, Lumbrineris, 30 (Aedicira), Aricidea, 1, 37 fauveli, Aricidea, 1 ramosa, Aricidea, 37 affinis pacifica, Praxillella, 3, 5, 6, 67 Aglaophamus dicirris, 19 erectans, 19 spp., 19 alaskana, Lyonsiella, 81, 82 alba, Leanira, 6 albida, Glottidia, 85 Amaeana occidentalis, 75 Amage anops, 71 spp., 71 americana, Barantolla, 1, 59 Ceratocephala crosslandi, 18 Eunice, 27 Glycera, 21 Plakosyllis, 17 Ammotrypane aulogaster, 58 pallida, 58 Ampharete, 2 arctica, 71 spp., 72 Ampharetidae, 71 ampharetids, 75 Amphicteis mucronata, 72 scaphobranchiata, 16, 72 spp., 72 amphictenicola, Calamyzas, 16 Amphiduros pacificus, 12 Amphinomidae, 8 Amphisamytha bioculata, 72 Amygdalum pallidulum, 83 Anaitides groenlandica, 9 madeirensis, 9 multiseriata, 9 spp., 9 Ancistrosyllis breviceps, 1, 13, 15 groenlandica, 14, 16 tentaculata, 13 annectens, Lysippe, 73 annulata, Goniada, 24 Anobothrus gracilis, 72, 73 sp. 72,735 anoculata, Antinoella, 2 Spiophanes, 46 anoculis, Nereis, 18 anops, Amage, 71 Anotomastus gordiodes, 59 87 Antinoella, 1, 39 anoculata, 2 Spaz Aphrodita japonica, 2 refulgida, 2 spp., 2 Aphroditidae, 2 Apistobranchidae, 41 Apistobranchus sp., 41 Apomatus sp., 79 Arabella iricolor, 34 Arabellidae, 34 arctica, Ampharete, 71 arenicolus glabrus, Oxydromus, 12 Arhynchite, 5 californicus, 84, 85 Aricidea fauveli, 38 lopezi, 38, 39 rubra, 1, 37, 39 ramosa, 39 suecica, 39 uschakowi, 39 spp., 40 Aricidea (Aedicira), 1, 37 fauveli, 1 ramosa, 37 sp., 37 Aricidea (Cirrophorus) aciculata, 40 furcata, 39, 40 Armandia bioculata, 58 armata, Chaetozone, 1, 50, 51 armiger, Scoloplos, 37 armigera, Glycinde, 23 Artacamella hancocki, 75 articulata, Dorvillea, 35 Asclerocheilus beringianus, 57 californicus, 1, 56 intermedius, 57 aspera, Peisidice, 6 assignis, Nephtys, 19 Asychis disparidentata, 5, 64 gotoi, 1, 65 spp., 65 atlantica, Dorvillea, 1, 35 aulogaster, Ammotrypane, 58 Autolytus spp., 16 Axiothella rubrocincta, 65 spp., 65 Barantolla americana, 1, 59 sculpta, 60 bassi, Lumbrineris, 30 belli oculata, Marphysa, 1, 28, 29 beringianus, Asclerocheilus, 57 berkeleyi, Pilargis, 16 bicanaliculata, Platynereis, 19 $$ ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS bicirrata, Lumbrineris, 31 bifilaris, Lumbrineris, 31 bifoliata, Eumida, 10 bilineata, Hypoeulalia, 11 bioculata, Amphisamytha, 72 Armandia, 58 bitorquata, Rhodine, 68 bombyx, Spiophanes, 45 Brachiopoda, 85 Brada glabra, 54 pilosa, 54 pluribranchiata, 55 villosa, 54 spp., 55 branchiopoda, Glycera capitata, 22, 39 brevicapitis, Sphaerodorum, 21 breviceps, Ancistrosyllis, 1, 13, 15 brunnea, Exogonella, 17 Goniada, 24 Cadulus, 54, 55 caeca, Leaena, 76 caecoides, Nephtys, 20 caelorus, Lepidonotus, 6 Calamyzas amphictenicola, 16 calcis, Leanira, 7 calida, Califia, 35 Califia calida, 35 californica, Eteone, 10 Magelona, 47 Pareurythoé, 9 californicum, Prochaetoderma, 81 californicus, Arhynchite, 84, 85 Asclerocheilus, 1, 56 californiensis, Lumbrineris, 31 Mediomastus, 63 Myriowenia, 69 Nephtys, 20 Pectinaria, 70 candida, Cossura, 52 capitata, Capitella, 60 Gylcera, 22 branchiopoda, Glycera, 22, 39 Capitella capitata subspp., 60 Capitellidae, 1, 59 capitellids, 60 capulata, Pherusa, 55 castanea, Genetyllis, 11 castrensis, Acila, 83 catalinensis, Longosoma, 48 Caulleriella sp., 49 caulleryi, Polydora, 42 cementarium, Sabellaria, 71 Ceratocephala crosslandi americana, 18 loveni pacifica, 18 Ceratonereis paucidentata, 18 Chaetopteridae, 48 Chaetozone armata, 1, 50, 51 corona, 49 gracilis, 49 setosa, 49 spinosa, 49 spp., 51 Chloeia pinnata, 8 Chone gracilis, 78 infundibuliformis, 78 spp., 78 cingulata, Clymenopsis, 65 cirrata, Laonice, 41 Cirratulidae, 1, 49 cirratulids, 52 Cirratulus cirratus, 52 spp., 52 cirratus, Cirratulus, 52 cirrifera, Prionospio, 44 (Cirrophorus) aciculata, Aricidea, 40 furcata, Aricidea, 39, 40 Clymenopsis cingulata, 65 collarifera, Pherusa, 56 collaris, Owenia fusiformis, 70 conchylega, Nothria, 25 conferta, Marphysa, 30 convoluta, Glycera, 23 cornuta, Nephtys, 19 corona, Chaetozone, 49 Cossura candida, 52 pygodactylata, 53 spp., 53 costarum, Telepsavus, 49 crassibranchia, Streblosoma, 77 crassicirrata, Harmothoé, 2 crassifilis, Acrocirrus, 49 cristata, Maldane, 66 Pista, 76 crosslandi americana, Ceratocephala, 18 cruzensis, Lumbrineris, 31 Crystallophrisson, 80 hartmani, 80 riedli, 80 rubrum, 80 scabrum, 80 spp., 80 Dacrydium pacificum, 81, 82 Dasybranchus sp., 61 Decamastus, 61 gracilis, 1, 61 Dentalium rectius, 83 dicirris, Aglaophamus, 19 dilatae, Eteone, 10 Diopatra ornata, 25, 42 sp: 25 Diplocirrus sp., 55 disjuncta, Marphysa, 30 Pista, 76 Disoma franciscanum, 47 Disomidae, 47 disparidentata, Asychis, 5, 64 Dodecaceria sp., 53 VOL. 27 NO. 3 INDEX Dorvillea articulata, 35 atlantica, 1, 35 gracilis, 35 moniloceras, 35 sp., 35 Dorvilleidae, 35 Drilonereis longa, 34 nuda, 34 spp., 34 echiuroid, 85 Echiuroidea, 84 elegans, Nothria, 25 elongata, Pista, 76 elongatus, Haploscoloplos, 36 erectans, Aglaophamus, 19 eremita, Onuphis, 26 Eteone californica, 10 dilatae, 10 spp., 10 Euchone sp., 78 Euclymene reticulata, 65 sp., 65 Euclymeninae, 66 Eulalia spp., 10 Eumida bifoliata, 10 sanguinea, 10 tubiformis, 10 spp., 11 Eunice americana, 27 filamentosa, 28 multipectinata, 28 sp., 28 Eunicidae, 27 Euphrosine spp., 9 Euphrosinidae, 9 Eupolymnia sp., 75 Evarnella fragilis, 2 Exogone uniformis, 16 Exogonella brunnea, 17 fasciata, Pista, 76 fauveli, Aricidea, 38 (Aedicira), 1 Loandalia, 16 ferruginea, Nephtys, 20 filamentosa, Eunice, 28 filobranchus, Heteromastus, 62 fimbriata, Spiophanes, 45 Flabelligera, 2 infundibularis, 55 sp., 55 flabelligerid, 2, 55 Flabelligeridae, 54 foliata, Laonice, 41 fossor, Sternaspis, 59 fragilis, Evarnella, 2 franciscanum, Disoma, 47 fratula, Limifossor, 80 furcata, Aricidea (Cirrophorus), 39, 40 fusiformis collaris, Owenia, 70 gastropod egg case, 82, 84 Gastropods, 83 gemmea, Ninoé, 33 Genetyllis castanea, 11 sp., 11 gigas, Travisia, 59 glabra, Brada, 54 Nephtys, 20 Pholoé, 7 glabrus, Mediomastus, 63 Oxydromus arenicolus, 12 Glottidia albida, 85 Glycera americana, 21 capitata, 22 branchiopoda, 22, 39 convoluta, 23 oxycephala, 23 robusta, 23 tenuis, 22, 23 tesselata, 23 spp., 23 Glyceridae, 21 Glycinde armigera, 23 polygnatha, 24 wireni, 24 spp., 24 Glyphanostomum pallescens, 73 Goniada acicula, 24 annulata, 24 brunnea, 24 littorea, 25 Sp.,25 Goniadidae, 23 gordiodes, Anotomastus, 59 gotoi, Asychis, 1, 65 gracilis, Anobothrus, 72, 73 Chaetozone, 49 Chone, 78 Decamastus, 1, 61 Dorvillea, 35 Myriochele, 69 Paraonis, 39, 40 Praxillella, 68 oculata, Paraonis, 41 groenlandica, Anaitides, 9 Ancistrosyllis, 14, 16 hamatus, Pilargis, 16 hancocki, Artacamella, 75 Haploscoloplos elongatus, 36 Harmothoé, 1 crassicirrata, 2 imbricata, 3 lunulata, 2, 3 priops, 3 scriptoria, 3 sp., 3, 4, 67 harmothoid, 4 hartmani, Crystallophrisson, 30 Hauchiella sp., 76 89 90 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLu2i hemipodus, Leiochrides, 62, 63 Soh, Oy 7 Notomastus, 63 Lepidonotus caelorus, 6 Hesionidae, 12 limicola, Lumbrineris, 32 hesionids, 12 limicolus, Phyllochaetopterus, 48 Hesperonoé laevis, 5 Limifossor, 80 heterochaeta, Langerhansia, 17 fratula, 80 heterodonta, Melinna, 74 lineatus, Notomastus, 63 Heteromastus filobranchus, 62 lineus, Lumbriclymene, 66 sp., 62 Neoheteromastus, 63 Heterospio, 48 Listriolobus pelodes, 85 longissima, 48 littorea, Goniada, 25 sp., 48 Loandalia fauveli, 16 Heterospionidae, 48 lobatus, Notomastus, 64 hiltoni, Schistocomus, 75 longa, Drilonereis, 34 hyalina, Typosyllis, 17 longensis, Lumbrineris, 32 Hyalinoecia juvenalis, 25 longiceps, Isocirrus, 66 Hypoeulalia bilineata, 11 longicirrata, Lepidasthenia, 5 Hypsicomus sp., 78 longisetosum, Rhamphobrachium, 27 imbricata, Harmothoé, 3 longissima, Heterospio, 48 incongrua, Macoma, 83 Longosoma, 48 index, Lumbrineris, 32 catalinensis, 48 inflata, Lumbrineris, 32 Longosomidae, 48 Pherusa, 56 lopezi, Aricidea, 38, 39 inflatum, Scalibregma, 57 rubra, Aricidea, 1, 37, 39 infundibularis, Flabelligera, 55 loveni pacifica, Ceratocephala, 18 infundibuliformis, Chone, 78 lumbricalis, Nicomache, 67 infundibulum, Myxicola, 79 Lumbriclymene lineus, 66 intermedius, Asclerocheilus, 57 sp., 66 interrupta, Lepidasthenia, 5 Lumbrineridae, 30 iricolor, Arabella, 34 Lumbrineris, 1 iridescens, Nothria, 25 acuta, 30 Isocirrus longiceps, 66 bassi, 30 japonica, Aphrodita, 2 bicirrata, 31 Scionella, 77 bifilaris, 31 johnsoni, Poecilochaetus, 47 californiensis, 31 johnstoni, Thormora, 6 cruzensis, 31 juvenalis, Hyalinoecia, 25 index, 32 Lacydoniidae, 11 inflata, 32 laevis, Hesperonoé, 5 latreilli, 32 Lagisca multisetosa, 5 limicola, 32 sp., 5 longensis, 32 Langerhansia heterochaeta, 17 minima, 32 Lanice sp., 76 sarsi, 33 Laonice, 45 simplicis, 33 cirrata, 41 tetraura, 33 foliata, 41 spp., 33 spp., 42 lunulata, Harmothoé, 2, 3 latreilli, Lumbrineris, 32 Lyonsiella alaskana, 81, 82 Leaena caeca, 76 Lysippe, 39 Leanira alba, 6 annectens, 73 calcis, 7 sp., 74 Spai7 Macoma incongrua, 83 Leiochrides hemipodus, 62, 63 maculata, Nerinides, 42 sp., 63 Pilargis, 16 Lepidametria, 5 Praxillura, 68 sp., 5 madeirensis, Anaitides, 9 Lepidasthenia, 5 Magelona californica, 47 interrupta, 5 pacifica, 47 longicirrata, 5 sacculata, 47 No. 3 sp., 47 Magelonidae, 47 magna, Ophelia, 58 magnus, Notomastus, 63 Maldane cristata, 66 sarsi, 66 Maldanella robusta, 5, 67 Maldanidae, 64 maldanids, 67 malmgreni, Prionospio, 44 Marphysa belli oculata, 1, 28, 29 conferta, 30 disjuncta, 30 Mediomastus, 61 californiensis, 63 glabrus, 63 Megalomma splendida, 78 spp., 79 Melinna heterodonta, 74 sp., 74 Melinnexis, 39 moorei, 74 minima, Lumbrineris, 32 minutum, Sphaerodoridium, 21 missionensis, Spiophanes, 46 Mitrella, 54 permodesta, 83 monilaris, Tharyx, 53, 54 moniloceras, Dorvillea, 35 moorei, Melinnexis, 74 mucronata, Amphicteis, 72 mucronatus, Potamethus, 79 multipectinata, Eunice, 28 multiseriata, Anaitides, 9 multisetosa, Lagisca, 5 Myriochele gracilis, 69 pygidialis, 69 spp., 69 Myriowenia californiensis, 69 Myxicola infundibulum, 79 Naineris uncinata, 36 sp., 36 nebulosa, Onuphis, 26 Neoheteromastus lineus, 63 neonigripes, Nereis pelagica, 18 neopapillata, Pherusa, 56 Nephtyidae, 19 nephtyids, 21 Nephtys assignis, 19 caecoides, 20 californiensis, 20 cornuta, 19 ferruginea, 20 glabra, 20 spp., 20 Nereidae, 18 Nereis anoculis, 18 pelagica neonigripes, 18 procera, 18 INDEX spp., 18 Nerinides maculata, 42 pigmentata, 42 Nicomache lumbricalis, 67 personata, 67 spp., 67 Ninoé gemmea, 33 Nothria conchylega, 25 elegans, 25 iridescens, 25 pallida, 25, 26 spp., 26 Notomastus, 61 hemipodus, 63 lineatus, 63 lobatus, 64 magnus, 63 tenuis, 64 spp., 64 Notoproctus pacificus, 67 nuda, Drilonereis, 34 nudus, Phylo, 36 occidentalis, Amaeana, 75 oculata, Marphysa belli, 1, 28, 29 Paraonis gracilis, 41 odontosyllids, 17 Odontosyllis phosphorea, 17 Oligochaeta, 85 Oncoscolex pacificus, 57 Onuphidae, 25 Onuphis eremita, 26 nebulosa, 26 parva, 26 vexillaria, 27 spp., 27 Ophelia magna, 58 Opheliidae, 58 Ophiodromus pugettensis, 12 Orbiniidae, 35 ornata, Diopatra, 25, 42 Owenia fusiformis collaris, 70 spp., 70 owenlid, 70 Owenlidae, 69 oxycephala, Glycera, 23 Oxydromus arenicolus glabrus, 12 sp., 12 pacifica, Ceratocephala loveni, 18 Magelona, 47 Panthalis, 6 Praxillella affinis, 3, 5, 6, 67 Protis, 79 Saxicavella, 81 pacificum, Dacrydium, 81, 82 pacificus, Amphiduros, 12 Notoproctus, 67 Oncoscolex, 57 pallescens, Glyphanostomum, 73 91 92 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 pallida, Ammotrypane, 58 Pista cristata, 76 Nothria, 25, 26 disjuncta, 76 pallidulum, Amygdalum, 83 elongata, 76 pallidus, Spiophanes, 46 fasciata, 76 panamensis, Solemya, 83 spp., 77 Panthalis pacifica, 6 Plakosyllis americana, 17 papillata, Pherusa, 56 Platynereis bicanaliculata, 19 papillifer, Sphaerodorum, 21 pluribranchiata, Brada, 55 paradoxa, Paralacydonia, 11 Poecilochaetus johnsoni, 47 Paralacydonia paradoxa, 11 Polychaete, 80 Paranaitis polynoides, 11 Polycirrus spp., 77 Paraonidae, 1, 37 Polydora caulleryi, 42 Paraonis gracilis, 39, 40 socialis, 42 oculata, 41 spp., 42 spp., 41 polygnatha, Glycinde, 24 Pareurythoé, 1 Polynoidae, 2 californica, 9 polynoides, Paranaitis, 11 sp., 9 . polynoids, 6 parva, Onuphis, 26 Polyodontidae, 6 paucidentata, Ceratonereis, 18 Pectinaria, 53 californiensis, 70 Polyophthalmus translucens, 58 Potamethus mucronatus, 79 ease Spo eae ele 6 Praxillella affinis pacifica, 3, 5, 6, 67 pelagica neonigripes, Nereis, 18 gracilis, 68 Pelecypods, 81 trifila, 68 pelodes, Listriolobus, 85 SPP: 68 permodesta, Mitrella, 83 Praxillura maculata, 68 personata, Nicomache, 67 Prionospio, 2 Petaloproctus sp., 67 cirrifera, 44 Pherusa capulata, 55 malmgreni, 44 collarifera, 56 pinnata, 43 inflata, 56 pygmaeus, 44 neopapillata, 56 spp., 44, 45 papillata, 56 priops, Harmothoé, 3 spp., 56 procera, Nereis, 18 Pholoé, 1 Prochaetoderma, 80 glabra, 7 californicum, 81 sp., 7 profundus, Scoleplos acmeceps, 37 phosphorea, Odontosyllis, 17 prolifica, Phyllochaetopterus, 48 phyllochaetopterid, 2, 49 Protis pacifica, 79 Phyllochaetopterus limicolus, 48 protulid, 79 prolifica, 48 Pseudopotamilla sp., 79 Phyllodoce spp., 11 pugettensis, Ophiodromus, 12 Phyllodocidae, 9 punctata, Spio, 45 Phylo nudus, 36 pupa, Travisia, 58 Speers pygidialis, Myriochele, 69 pigmentata, Nerinides, 42 pygmaeus, Prionospio, 44 Pilargidae, 1, 13 pygodactylata, Cossura, 53 Pilargis, 14 ramosa, Aricidea, 39 berkeleyi, 16 (Aedicira), 37 hamatus, 16 rectius, Dentalium, 83 maculata, 16 refulgida, Aphrodita, 2 pilosa, Brada, 54 remota, Pisione, 8 pinnata, Chloeia, 8 reticulata, Euclymene, 65 Prionospio, 43 Rhamphobrachium longisetosum, 27 Pionosyllis sp., 17 Rhodine, 55 Pisione remota, 8 bitorquata, 68 Pisionidae, 8 riedli, Crystallophrisson, 80 No. 3 robusta, Glycera, 23 Maldanella, 5, 67 rubra, Aricidea lopezi, 1, 37, 39 rubrocincta, Axiothella, 65 rubrum, Crystallophrisson, 80 Sabellaria cementarium, 71 sp. 71 Sphaerosyllis sp., 17 sabellid, 79 Sabellidae, 78 sacculata, Magelona, 47 sanguinea, Eumida, 10 sarsi, Lumbrineris, 33 Maldane, 66 Saxicavella pacifica, 81 scabrum, Crystallophrisson, 80 Scalibregma inflatum, 57 Scalibregmidae, 1, 56 scaphobranchiata, Amphicteis, 16, 72 Scaphopods, 83 Schistocomus hiltoni, 75 Spa) Scionella japonica, 77 scissurata, Yoldia, 83 Scoloplos acmeceps profundus, 37 armiger, 37 sp., 37 scriptoria, Harmothoé, 3 sculpta, Barantolla, 60 Serpulidae, 79 setosa, Chaetozone, 49 Sigalionidae, 6 simplicis, Lumbrineris, 33 socialis, Polydora, 42 Solemya panamensis, 83 Solenogasters, 80 Sphaerodoridae, 21 Sphaerodoridium minutum, 21 sphaerulifer, 21 Sphaerodorum brevicapitis, 21 papillifer, 21 spp., 21 Sphaerosyllis sp., 17 sphaerulifer, Sphaerodoridium, 21 spinosa, Chaetozone, 49 Thalenessa, 8 Spio punctata, 45 sp., 45 Spionidae, 41 Spiophanes anoculata, 46 bombyx, 45 fimbriata, 45 missionensis, 46 INDEX 93 pallidus, 46 spp., 46 spirorbids, 80 splendida, Megalomma, 78 Sternaspidae, 59 Sternaspis fossor, 59 Sthenelais tertiaglabra, 7 verruculosa, 8 sp., 8 Sthenelanella uniformis, 7 Streblosoma crassibranchia, 77 stroemi, Terebellides, 77 suecica, Aricidea, 39 Syllidae, 16 syllids, 17 Syllis spp., 17 Telepsavus costarum, 49 tentaculata, Ancistrosyllis, 13 tenuis, Glycera, 22, 23 Notomastus, 64 Terebellidae, 75 Terebellides stroemi, 77 terebellids, 77 tertiaglabra, Sthenelais, 7 tesselata, Glycera, 23 Tharyx, 53, 54 tetraura, Lumbrineris, 33 ‘Thalenessa spinosa, 8 Tharyx monilaris, 53, 54 tesselata, 53, 54 spp., 54 Thelepus sp., 77 Thormora johnstoni, 6 translucens, Polyophthalmus, 58 Travisia gigas, 59 pupa, 58 spp., 59 Trichobranchidae, 77 trifila, Praxillella, 68 tubiformis, Eumida, 10 Typosyllis hyalina, 17 Spps ld, uncinata, Naineris, 36 uniformis, Exogone, 16 Sthenelanella, 7 uschakowi, Aricidea, 39 Vermiliopsis spp., 80 verruculosa, Sthenelais, 8 vexillaria, Onuphis, 27 villosa, Brada, 54 wireni, Glycinde, 24 Yoldia scissurata, 83 Zostera, 30 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 PART 4 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PAREAV SYSTEMATICS: ISOPODA BY GEORGE A. SCHULTZ DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY DUKE UNIVERSITY DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA MARINE we ot ' WOODS HOLE, MASS w. H. O. |}. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA —— 1966 mies MaNCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 PART 4 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART IV SrolLEMATICS: ISOPODA BY GEORGE A. SCHULTZ DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY DUKE UNIVERSITY DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1966 / SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART Ty. SYSTEMATICS ISOPODA, by GEORGE A. SCHULTZ ALLAN HANcock PAciFic EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 Part IV IssueD: AuGusT 10, 1966 Price: $1.75 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PREss Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS Introduction Systematics and Distribution . Literature Cited . Figures . Index 24 55 MARINE ISOPODS OF THE SUBMARINE CANYONS OF THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIAN CONTINENTAL SHELF by George A. Schultz INTRODUCTION The geographical, physical and biological aspects of the submarine canyons of the continental shelf off the coast of southern California have been described in earlier parts of this volume. Isopods were col- lected in 10 of the 15 canyons. Many benthic species were obtained since the specimens were obtained with a Campbell grab bottom sampler operated from the Hancock Foundation research vessel Velero IV. The method of collecting subjected some specimens to fragmentation, result- ing in loss of legs and other damage. However all individuals could easily be placed in existing genera or differentiated from the existing genera or species, and they were all placed in their appropriate taxo- nomic categories. “wenty-five species in eighteen genera, of which fifteen species and two genera are new to science, were identified. Of the ten known species, six have been reported only from California, one is known from Alaska to southern California, and only three can be considered cosmopolitan. Table 1 lists in systematic order the species identified from all of the canyons; Table 2 lists the species by canyon. The systematic ar- rangement used is that of Menzies (1962 a, b). In the ten canyons sampled, an average of five species per canyon was found. Many species were common to several canyons—/alio- phasma geminata to five, Ilyarachna acarina and Gnathia crenulatifrons to four, and other species to three or fewer. The three named species have been called “common mud bottom” species by Menzies and Barnard (1959). Tanner and Santa Cruz canyons yielded nine species each; most of those from Santa Cruz had been described, but seven of the nine species from Tanner were new to science. The other can- yons yielded fewer species, and San Clemente Canyon yielded only one. No isopods were found in Dume, Hueneme, Monterey, Mugu Canyons or the San Diego trough. Some of the species described here, plus addi- 1 2 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 tional species from non-canyon stations, were described by Schultz (1964). The research for this paper was made possible by a Teacher’s Re- search Participation Fellowship grant by the National Science Founda- tion to the Biology Department of the University of Southern Cali- fornia, under the direction of Dr. Walter Martin. Dr. Robert J. Men- zies directed the research, which was done in the Allan Hancock Foun- dation at the University of Southern California. The author wishes to thank Dr. Martin, Dr. Menzies, Dr. Olga Hartman, in whose labora- tory the work was done, and the Allan Hancock Foundation. No. + SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 3 Table 1 Canyon Isopoda ASELLOTA Paraselloidea Acanthomunna tannerensis, new species Desmosoma symmetrica, new species Eurycope californiensis, new species Ilyarachna acarina Menzies and Barnard (1959) Ilyarachna profunda, new species Jaeropsis concava, new species Jaeropsis dubia paucispinis Menzies (1951) Janiralata solasteri (Hatch, 1947) Munna spinifrons Menzies and Barnard (1959) Nannonisconus latipleonus, new genus, new species Pleurogonium californiense Menzies (1951) FLABELLIFERA Anthuridea Bathura luna, new genus, new species Haliophasma geminata Menzies and Barnard (1959) Cirolanoidea Aega lecontii (Dana, 1854) Cirolana californiensis, new species Cirolana joanneae, new species Eurydice branchuropus Menzies and Barnard (1959) Rocinela belliceps (Stimpson, 1864) GNATHIOIDEA Gnathia crenulatifrons Monod (1926) Gnathia clementensis, new species Gnathia coronadoensis, new species Gnathia hirsuta, new species Gnathia trilobata, new species VALVIFERA Microarcturus tannerensis, new species Synidotea calcarea, new species 4 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Table 2 Isopod Species Listed by Canyon The species, the station number and the depth at which the sample was taken are listed below. The type localities of the new species are indi- cated by an asterisk. Coronado Canyon (6 species) Bathura luna, n. gen., n. sp., 6851, 812 m. Cirolana californiensis, n. sp., 6851*, 812 m. Gnathia coronadoensis, n. sp., 6849, 344 m; 6851*, 812 m. Gnathia trilobata, n. sp., 6851*, 812 m. Haliophasma geminata, 6845, 177 m; 6846, 123 m. Ilyarachna acarina, 6845, 177 m. La Jolla Canyon (5 species) Bathura luna, n. gen., n. sp., 7047, 783 m. Eurydice branchuropus, 7038, 121 m. Gnathia trilobata, 7049, 976 m. Haliophasma geminata, 7038, 121 m. Ilyarachna profunda, n. sp., 7047*, 793 m; 7049, 976 m. Newport Canyon (3 species) Eurycope californiensis, n. sp., 7032*, 478 m. Gnathia crenulatifrons, 7054, 178 m. Haliophasma geminata, 7052, 420 m. Redondo Canyon (5 species ) Gnathia crenulatifrons, 2361, 310 m; 2789, 167 m. Haliophasma geminata, 2361, 310 m; 2725, 107 m; 2727, 122 m; 2789, 167 m; 2793, 465 m; 3385, 120 m. Ilyarachna acarina, 2725, 107 m; 2727, 122 m; 2793, 465 m; 3385, 120 m. Nannonisconus latipleonus, n. gen., n. sp., 2793*, 465 m. Pleurogonium californiense, 3385, 120 m. San Clemente Canyon (1 species) Gnathia clementensis, n. sp., 6840*, 1620 m. No. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 5 San Pedro Canyon (4 species) Gnathia crenulatifrons, 7174, 221 m. Haliophasma geminata, 7174, 221 m; 7175, 200-472 m (dredge). Ilyarachna acarina, 7174, 221 m. Ilyarachna profunda, n. sp., 5639, 461 m. MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY 0 ee ae LIBRARY a WOODS HOLE, MASS. w. H. Q. b Santa Catalina Canyon (2 species) Ilyarachna profunda, n. sp., 6820, 559 m. Gnathia crenulatifrons, 6823, 88 m. Santa Cruz Canyon (9 species) Aega lecontii, 6805, 218 m. Cirolana joanneae, n. sp., 6805, 218 m; 6806*, 218 m. Gnathia hirsuta, n. sp., 6805*, 218 m. Haliophasma geminata, 6805, 218 m; 6806, 218 m. Ilyarachna acarina, 6805, 218 m; 6806, 218 m. Jaeropsis concava, n. sp., 6806*, 218 m. Janiralata solasteri, 6805, 218 m; 6806, 218 m. Munna spinifrons, 6805, 218 m; 6806, 218 m. Rocinela belliceps, 6806, 218 m. Santa Monica Canyon (4 species ) Gnathia crenulatifrons, 3000, 268 m; 3180, 330 m. Haliophasma geminata, 2999, 454 m; 3000, 268 m; 3179, 362 m. Ilyarachna acarina, 2999, 454 m. Jaeropsis dubia paucispinis, 6781, 116 m. Tanner Canyon (9 species) Acanthomunna tannerensis, n. sp., 6833*, 813 m. Bathura luna, n. gen., n. sp., 6832*, 1298 m. Cirolana californiensis, n. sp., 6833, 813 m. Desmosoma symmetrica, n. sp., 6836*, 469 m. Gnathia crenulatifrons, 6832, 1298 m. Haliophasma geminata, 6835, 298 m. Ilyarachna profunda, n. sp., 6832, 1298 m. Microarcturus tannerensis, n. sp., 6832*, 1298 m. Synidotea calcarea, n. sp., 6833*, 813 m. 6 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 ASELLOTA PARASELLOIDEA MUNNIDAE Acanthomunna Beddard Acanthomunna tannerensis, n. sp. (Plate 1) Diagnosis: Body (except cephalon) covered with large spines which appear to be jointed but are not. Body without pigment; two and one- half times as wide as head at widest point. Pleotelson at widest point about two-thirds as wide as body, becoming abruptly narrow, ending in slightly convex, arched margin with two posterolateral short spines. Cephalon abruptly narrower than peraeon and with large non-stalked eyes. All coxal plates visible in dorsal view except seventh, which is un- der the upwardly bent pleotelson. Narrow stem connecting peraeon and pleon. Peraeopods two to seven at least one and one-half times as long as body and covered with many spines. Peraeopod one shorter than body with many stout setae; modified for grasping. Dactylus of all peraeo- pods with one large claw each. Antenna one shorter than body, ending in seven articles of very nearly equal length. Second antenna about twice length of body with about 40 flagellar articles. Maxilliped with long palp and three coupling hooks on endite. Mandible with toothed incisor and setal row of sensory setae; palp with three segments ending in several long setae. Uropod very large with basal segment about as long as width of pleotelson and with exopod and endopod about as long as basal segment. (The type species figured was beginning to molt the anterior part of its body). Measurements: Holotype female 3.5 mm long. Type locality: 6833 (3); Tanner Canyon; 813 m; Jan. 29, 1960; green mud and sand. Lat. 32° 37’ 54”N, Long. 118° 58’ 40” W. Distribution: Known only from type locality. A ffinities: Acanthomunna tannerensis is very much like 4. hystrix (Hansen, 1916) except that it has fewer articles on its first antenna and a different setal pattern. Munna Kr¢gyer Munna spinifrons Menzies and Barnard Munna spinifrons Menzies and Barnard, 1959, pp. 13, 14, fig 7. Materials examined : 6805(3) ; 6806(2). Distribution: About 220 m in Santa Cruz Canyon near the region described by Menzies and Barnard (1959). NO. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 7 DESMOSOMIDAE The definition of this family by Menzies (1962b) should be modi- fied slightly to include species in which the last three peraeonal segments have coxal plates visible in the dorsal view. Desmosoma G. O. Sars Desmosoma symmetrica, n. sp. (Plate 2) Diagnosis: Eyeless, pigmentless. Antennal bases deeply set into the cephalon. Anterior edge of cephalon very slightly convex. Third per- aeonal segment widest, general body outline gradually tapering towards anterior and posterior ends. Coxal plates visible and acutely pointed on anterolateral edges of first four peraeonal segments. Coxal plates visi- ble on posterolateral edges of last three peraeonal segments. Peraeonal segment five about as long as wide. Pleotelson of single segment with large posterolateral teeth; posterior edge obtusely pointed. Peraeopods, except first, furnished with plumose setae. First peraeopod with stout setae; not modified for swimming; and with one large carpal seta ex- tending half length of propodus. Antenna one with three flagellar ar- ticles; antenna two with 12 or 13 articles. Maxilliped with three cou- pling hooks; triarticulate palp with last segment small and tipped with setae; molar process replaced by tuft of setae. Uropods biramous; exo- pod very small, endopod with plumose setae. Measurement: Holotype female with marsupium 3.2 mm long. Type locality: 6836(1); Tanner Canyon; 469 m; Jan. 29, 1960; green mud with shale fragments. Lat. 32° 36’ 00”N, Long. 119° 05’ 18”W. Distribution: Known only from type locality. A ffinities: The new species is similar to Desmosoma gracilipes Han- sen (1916), but differs from it in that the coxal plates of peraeonal seg- ments five to seven are visible and the uropods are biramous. It is also similar to D. tenuimana Sars (1899), but D. tenuimana lacks postero- lateral spines on the pleon and does not have the coxal plates visible on peraeonal segments five to seven. 8 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 EURYCOPIDAE Eurycope californiensis, n. sp. (Plate 3) Diagnosis: General body configuration oval-oblong with all peraeonal segments distinct. Frontal area of cephalon with acutely rounded medial projection. Pleotelson of one segment; longer than wide, with posterior angle obtusely rounded. Anterolateral edges of first four peraeonal segments acutely pointed and segments of about same size. Next three peraeonal segments with less acute points; seventh segment longest and largest. Antennae missing, but base of first an- tenna flattened with two spines which project forward. Maxillipedal palp very reduced in size; endite with four coupling hooks. Molar proc- ess of mandible with many teeth; incisor with only three teeth; last segment of palp with many setae; second segment of palp with row of spines. Uropods missing. Measurements: Holotype female 3.5 mm long. Type locality: 7032(2) ; Newport Canyon; 478 m; May 5, 1960; green mud and gray sand, some very coarse sand. Lat. 33° 31’ 28”N, Long. 117° 54’ 58”W. Materials examined: 7032(2). Two females. Distribution: Known only from the type locality. Affinities: ‘The species is similar to Eurycope magalura Sars (1899) but E. magalura has a maxillipedal palp of normal dimensions, whereas the maxillipedal palp of E. californiensis is greatly reduced in size. The frontal projection of the cephalon is notched in E. magalura, but not in the new species. ILYARACHNIDAE Ilyarachna G. O. Sars Ilyarachna acarina Menzies and Barnard Ilyarachna acarina Menzies and Barnard, 1959, pp. 9, 10, fig. 2. Ilyarachna acarina Schultz, 1964, p. 310. Materials examined: 2725(2) ; 2727(1) ; 2793(2) ; 2999(2) ; 3385 (19) ; 6805(2) ; 6806(3) ; 6845(2) ; 7174(10). Remarks: The species was taken within the depth and distribution extremes listed by Menzies and Barnard (1959). No. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 9 Ilyarachna profunda, n. sp. (Plate 4) Diagnosis: Eyeless, pigmentless. No buccal mass visible from dorsal view. Cephalon longer than and about as wide as first peraeonal seg- ment. First peraeonal segment narrowest of all. Inconspicuous spines on anterior edges of first four peraeonal segments. Small setae on lateral margins of four anterior segments and also on anterolateral margin of pleotelson. Peraeopods probably in general like those of co-generic spe- cies, but only first ambulatory pair present on specimens examined. Pro- podus and distal half of long carpus of first peraeopod with few short spines. Proximal half of carpus, merus and basis with large spines. First antenna with flagellum of approximately 28 articles; second an- tenna missing on specimens examined. Several plumose setae on first antenna. Maxilliped with four coupling hooks on endite; palp with five segments and large spines. Mandible with triarticulate palp; incisor with few teeth; and molar process with at least four large spines. Second male pleopod with large copulatory organ with long recurved intrusive process. Uropods missing. Measurements: Holotype male 3.0 mm long. Lengths of females to 3.8 mm. Type locality: 7047(1); La Jolla Canyon; 793 m; May 7, 1960; green silty mud with sand. Lat. 32° 54’ 21”N, Long. 117° 29’ 53”W. Materials examined: 5639(2) ; 6820(1) ; 6832(1) ; 7047(1) ; 7949 (1). Distribution: The species is found in the more southern canyons and was taken between 461 and 1298 m. Affinities: The general appearance of the new species is much like that of I/yarachna clypeata (Sars, 1899). Both species have a multiar- ticulate first antennal flagellum of approximately 28 articles. It could also be confused with J. acarina Menzies and Barnard (1959), but lacks conspicuous spines on the anterior edges of the peraeonal seg- ments. The male sexual appendage is long and recurved in the new spe- cies, and is short and thick in /. acarina. JAEROPSIDAE Jaeropsis Koehler Jaeropsis concava, n. sp. (Plate 5) Diagnosis: Lateral body outline concave, segment five narrowest. Pigmentless except for small eyes of approximately seven ocelli. Small 10 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS (0) OPA | dactylus on peraeopod one with several small spines; large setal spine on merus. First antenna with six segments; few scales on outer margin of first segment. Lateral margin of pleotelson with spines and setae. Max- illipedal palp of five segments; endite with few sensory spines on upper edge. Mandible with handlike toothed incisor; long molar process. Palp triarticulate, proximal segment with at least three setae; middle with at least six and distal segment with comblike row of setae. At least 10 sensory setae in setal row. Uropods with two minute append- ages. Base of uropod with medially pointing recurved hook. Measurements: Holotype male 3.1 mm long. Type locality: 6806(2); Santa Cruz Canyon; 221 m; Dec. 22, 1959; rocks and coarse green sand. Lat. 33° 56’ 06”N, Long. 118° 52’ 17’°W. Distribution: Known only from the type locality. A ffinities: Close to Jaeropsis dubia paucispinis Menzies (1951) but longer, thinner and completely without pigment. The eyes are much smaller, and there are six rather than five segments on the first an- tenna. The number of spines and setae along the edge of the pleotelson is less than in J. dubia. J. dubia rarely was found below 90 m. Jaeropsis dubia paucispinis Menzies Jaeropsis dubia paucispinis Menzies, 1951, p. 155, fig. 30, a, e. Jaeropsis dubia paucispinis Menzies and Barnard, 1959, p. 11. Materials examined: 6781(1). Distribution: Santa Monica Canyon at 116 m within the depth and distribution extremes previously described by Menzies and Barnard (1959). JANIRIDAE Janiralata Menzies Janiralata solasteri (Hatch) Janira solasteri Hatch, 1947, p. 172, figs. 158-160. Janiralata solasteri Menzies, 1951, pp. 132-135, figs. 23, e, f, 24. Janirilata [sic] solasteri Menzies and Barnard, 1959, p. 11, fig. 5. Materials examined: 6805(5) ; 6806(2). Distribution: About 220 m in Santa Cruz Canyon. The species has been found previously from Alaska to Southern California. No. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 11 NANNONISCIDAE Nannonisconus, n. g. Diagnosis: Nannoniscidae with last peraeonal segment fused to pleon. Pleon of single somite and at widest point wider than cephalon or peraeon. Lateral outline of body concave. First antenna extending only slightly anterior of cephalon, with bulbous organ attached to apical article. The male first pleopods are different from all other Nannonisci- dae in that they are not apically pointed and the proximal part is much narrower than the medial or distal part. Uropods biramous. Nannonis- conus is very much like Nannoniscus G. O. Sars, but the last two peraeonal segments are fused in Nannoniscus, whereas the last peraeonal segment and the pleotelson are fused in Nannonisconus. The new genus also has a much broader pleotelson. The type species is N. latipleonus. Nannonisconus latipleonus, n. sp. (Plate 6) Diagnosis: Eyeless, pigmentless. Cephalon large with large antennal bases. Anterior edge of cephalon with concave margin. Body outline concave, narrowest part anterior part of longest peraeonal segment five. Peraeonal segment one widest peraeonal segment. Posterior third of pleotelson equals widest part of body. Margin of posterolateral edge of pleotelson with large tooth; posterior margin with large bilobed ex- tension. All peraeopods similar to first. Antenna one with bulbous apical segment and many plumose setae. Second antenna missing. Male first pleopodal opercular lamella with enlarged posterior edge with many marginal setae. Male second pleopod with large copulatory organ with short posterior intrusive part. Maxillipedal endite with three cou- pling hooks. Mandibular palp with three segments. Mandible with tuft of setae replacing molar process. Uropods biramous; exopod shorter than endopod, both with plumose setae. Measurements: Holotype male 2.8 mm long. Type locality: 2793(1) ; Redondo Canyon; 465 m; May 22, 1954; blue-gray mud and large rocks. Lat. 33° 48’ 00"N, Long. 118° 32’ 00”W. Distribution: Known only from the type locality. A ffinities: The species differs from other Nannoniscidae in that there are spines on each of the anterolateral margins of the first four per- aeonal segments. The most striking difference is that the pleotelson is proportionately wider. The coxal plates of segments five to seven show in the dorsal view. 12 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 PLEUROGONIIDAE Pleurogonium G. O. Sars Pleurogonium californiense Menzies Pleurogonium californiense Menzies, 1951, pp. 139-143, figs. 25, 26. Pleurogonium californiense Menzies and Barnard, 1959, pp. 14, 15, fig. 8. Materials examined: 3385(3). Distribution: Found in Redondo Canyon at 120 m in fine sandy mud not far from where it was reported by Menzies and Barnard C1959) FLABELLIFERA ANTHURIDEA ANTHURIDAE Bathura, n. g. Diagnosis: Eyeless. Dorsal pits and paired statocysts present. Per- aeopod one subchelate, enlarged palm with proximal low curved tooth with many lateral setae. Hand of peraeopod four forming strait joint with propodus; carpus slightly underlying propodus on peraeopods five to seven. Carpus about one-half length of propodus on peraeopods four to seven. Peraeopods four to seven laterally compressed. Pleonal seg- ments distinct. Endopod of uropod longer than telson. Telson with pair of statocysts, pointed and with marginal row of several apical setae. Two ridges on telson with medial groove continuous with medial groove of pleonal segment six. Lateral edges of pleonal segments visible in dorsal view. Both first and second antennae with few flagellar articles. Bathura is most like Ananthura, K. H. Barnard (1925), from which it differs in general pattern of peraeopodal hand with a tooth on palm, and characteristic pattern of setae on apex of telson and uropodal rami, without any conspicuous serrulations on outer margins on endopod. The type species is B. una. Bathura luna, n. sp. (Plate 7) Diagnosis: Eyeless, without pigment; peraeon smooth but with dorsal pits on segments four to seven with two lateral pits on seven. Medial rostral projection not extending as far forward as anterolateral projection. First peraeonal segment about two-thirds as long as fifth; No. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 13 seventh segment shorter than first. Pleonal segments distinct; lateral edges visible in dorsal view, especially last few. Peraeopods one and two somewhat chelate, but not three to seven. Segment five of peraeopod seven about half as long as segment six. Nine flagellar articles on second antennae; five on first. Maxilliped with palp of five (four free) seg- ments. Mandible with palp of three segments, apical one with large spine and comb of setae and second one with at least one large seta. Telson with pair of statocysts and two ridges running about one-half proximal length with medial groove between ridges continuous with groove of sixth pleonal segment. Uropodal endopod longer than telson; tips of both exopod and endopod with tuft of many long stiff setae originating from apex of margins. Measurements: Holotype female with marsupium 21 mm long. Type locality: 6832; Tanner Canyon; 1298 m; Jan. 29, 1960; green mud. Lat. 32° 33’ 36”N, Long. 118° 55’ 40”W. Materials examined: 6832(10) ;6851(1) ; 7047(1). Distribution: The species was caught in the most southern canyons, at 783 m in La Jolla Canyon and at 812 m in Coronado Canyon, in addition to the type locality. Affinities : See generic description. Haliophasma Haswell Haliophasma geminata Menzies and Barnard Haliophasma geminata Menzies and Banard, 1959, pp. 17-19, figs. 11, 12: Haliophasma geminata Schultz, 1964, p. 312. Materials examined: 2361(2) ; 2725(7) ; 2727(2) ; 2789(4) ; 2793 (1); 2999(1); 3000(2); 3179(1); 3385(5); 6805(1); 6806(1) ; 6835(1) ; 6845(2) ; 6846(2); 7038(1); 7052(1) ; TIA) nid Ch) Distribution: The species was taken within the depth ranges previ- ously recorded, but further south (Coronado Canyon) than previ- ously recorded. Remarks: The mouth parts are chewing, not piercing and sucking as recorded in Menzies and Barnard (1959, p. 17). 14 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 CIROLANOIDEA CIROLANIDAE AEGINAE Aega Leach Aega lecontii (Dana) Aegacylla lecontii Dana, 1854, p. 177. A ega lecontii Richardson, 1905, pp. 176, 177; figs. 158, 159. Materials examined: 6805(1) ; Large female, 13 mm bong. Distribution: The species was previously taken in Monterey Bay, California, and is here reported from near that locality, Santa Cruz Canyon, at 218 m. Eurydice Leach Eurydice branchuropus Menzies and Barnard Eurydice branchuropus Menzies and Barnard, 1959, p. 32, figs. 26, 27. Materials examined: 7038(1). Remarks: The specimen was taken in La Jolla Canyon at 121 m, which is the deepest and furthest north that the species has been taken. Examination of this and other specimens, including the type in the Allan Hancock collection, reveals that the uropods are truncate, not rounded. This is different from what is stated by Menzies and Barnard (1959, D.52)' Rocinela Leach Rocinela belliceps (Stimpson) Acga belliceps Stimpson, 1864, p. 155-56. Rocinela belliceps Hatch, 1947, pp. 209, 210, figs. 66-69. Materials examined: 6806(3). Three female specimens, two oviger- ous. Largest 12 mm long. Remarks: The specimens were taken as parasites on fish. The species was previously taken from off San Diego and at Cortes Bank (off south- ern California) to Alaska (Richardson, 1905; Hatch, 1947). CIROLANINAE Cirolana Leach Cirolana californiensis, n. sp. (Plate 8) Diagnosis: Eyeless, body without pigment. Cephalon set into the first peraeonal segment. General body outline oblong-oval, becoming No. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 15 narrower after the seventh peraeonal segment. Coxal plates present on segments two to seven (only four to seven visible in dorsal view). Coxal plates more acutely pointed and extended farther backward in the more posterior segments. The coxal plate extensions of segment seven enclose first pleonal segment within their lengths. Five pleonal seg- ments distinct with lateral edges of first four visible. Lateral edges of pleonal segment five enclosed under largest pleonal segment four. Lat- eral extensions of pleonal segments not recurved. Telson pointed with serrated lateral margins. Uropodal base with produced medial margin; exopod and endopod both pointed with spines and plumose setae along the serrated margins. All peraeopods ambulatory although last four are laterally compressed with long plumose setae orginating on margin of basis; setae about as long as basis is wide. Many large plumose setae also originate on distal end of basis extending to middle of propodus. All other segments with some setae; dactylus minute. Antennae one with nine flagellar articles; antennae two with about 16 articles. Maxil- lipedal palp with three segments, endite very small. Mandible with toothed incisor, large lacinia mobilis, large toothed mandibular proc- ess. Palp with three articles, last two with many setae. Measurements: Holotype female 8.0 mm long. Type locality: 6851; Coronado Canyon; 812 m; Feb. 1, 1960; green mud. Lat. 32° 37’ 54”N, Long. 118° 55’ 40”W. Materials studied: 6833(3) ; 6851(1). Distribution: The species was taken in Tanner Canyon (at 813 m) and in Coronado Canyon from green muddy sand and green mud. A finities: The species differs from Cirolana cubensis Hay (Richard- son, 1905), another blind species, in that its fourth pleonal segment is much wider and the apex of the telson is pointed. It is most like C. gracilis Hansen (Richardson, 1905), but C. gracilis has more definite peraeonal coxal plates and is not blind. Cirolana joanneae, n. sp. (Plate 9) Cirolana joanneae Schultz, 1964, p. 314, nomen nudum. Diagnosis: Red eyes of moderate size. General body shape ovoid with truncate posterior margin. All body segments distinct and, with ex- ception of pleonal segment one, with pointed posterolateral edges. Per- aeonal segments two to seven with distinct coxal plates. Coxal plates forming lateral extensions, each anterior one extending laterally more than that of the preceding segment and continuous in general body out- line with the recurved pleonal segment extensions. Pleonal segment five 16 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 shorter than others, but with lateral recurved extensions showing in the dorsal view. Telson with squarish posterior edge with medial ridge most of length of segment ending in medial spine. Other spines also present along margins; medial spine longest, medial lateral spines shorter and series of even shorter spines along the lateral edges of tel- son. Peraeopods all ambulatory with many stout setae. Eight flagellar articles on first antenna; 12 on second. First antenna extends to edge of first peraeonal segment; second to edge of third. Maxilliped with two large plumose setae on endite; many spines on segments of palp. Man- dible with toothed incisor, small lacinia mobilis, and toothed molar proc- ess. Palp with three articles and apical setae; second article also with many setae. Uropodal base with produced inner angle; exopod about one- half as wide as endopod, but not extending as far posteriorward. Fringe of short plumose setae on margin on uropodal processes; telson with some larger plumose setae. Measurements: Holotype female 3.0 mm long. Type locality: 6806; Santa Cruz Canyon; 218 m; Dec. 22, 1959, rocks and some green sand. Lat. 33° 35’ 59”N, Long. 119° 15’ 11”W. Materials examined : 6805(1) ; 6806(3). Distribution: Santa Cruz Canyon at 218 m. Affinities: The species can be distinguished from others of the genus by the general configuration of the telson with its medial ridge and pat- tern of spines, and by the recurved lateral extensions of the pleonal segments. It can be distinguished from Cirolana harfordi from the southern California maritime (Richardson, 1905) by the last pleonal segment, the lateral edges of which are not visible in the dorsal view. GNATHIOIDEA GNATHIIDAE Gnathia Leach Gnathia crenulatifrons Monod Gnathia crenulatifrons Monod, 1926, pp. 390-393, figs. 154, 155. Gnathia crenulatifrons Menzies and Barnard, 1959, pp. 27-29, fig. 22. Gnathia crenulatifrons Schultz, 1964, p. 314. Materials examined: 2361(10); 2789(2); 3000(1); 3180(2) ; 6823(1) ; 6832(1) ; 7054(6) ; 7174(9). (The numbers recorded are for males only.) Distribution: Found within the depth and distribution ranges re- corded by Menzies and Barnard (1959). No. + SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 7 Gnathia clementensis, n. sp. (Plate 10) Diagnosis: Eyes of medium size and stalked. Cephalon wider than long with many large tubercles. Entire width of peraeonal segment one barely visible in dorsal view. Frontal margin of cephalon with two me- dial lateral projections and with at least four small lobes on the median anterior projection. First three peraeonal segments and anterior part of fourth covered with tubercles. Body, especially anterior part, with many long hairlike setae. Pleonal segments with some tubercles and with two sets of pointed lateral projections. Pylopod triarticulate with minute api- cal segment ; many large plumose setae along medial margin of opercular segment. First walking peraeopod with two sensory spines on propodus and one on carpus. Antenna one with seven flagellar articles; antenna two with five articles. Maxilliped with many large plumose setae along lateral margin; blade with two coupling hooks; blade slightly longer than third segment. Mandible large, when extended forward about three-fourths length of cephalon; cutting edge inconspicuously toothed. Pleopods without setae. Second male pleopod with small copulatory organ near base of endopod. Uropodal rami with many large lateral setae and with many long plumose setae ; endopod longer than telson. Measurements: Holotype male 8.5 mm long. Type locality: 6840(1); San Clemente Canyon; 162 m; Jan. 30, 1960. “Campbell grab took small sample containing manganese nod- ules’. Lat. 32° 44’ 35”N, Long. 118° 12’ 45” W. Distribution: Known only from type locality. A ffinities: The new species is somewhat like Gnathia productatridens Menzies and Barnard (1959) but differs from it in the general struc- ture of the frons, which is not produced and carries four lobes. Gnathia coronadoensis, n. sp. (Plate 11) Diagnosis: Eyeless. Body smooth without any conspicuous tubercles or hairlike setae. Cephalon longer than wide; posterior part raised with two large dorsolateral projections; anterior part of cephalon greatly depressed. Bottom of cephalic depression with prominent oval ring ap- pearing to communicate with the mouth cavity below. Frontolateral su- perior process with spinelike setae on margin. First peraeonal segment continuous in outline with cephalon. Lateral margins of pleonal seg- ments bent sharply downwards and slightly incurved. Telson acutely tri- 18 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 angulate with several spines on dorsal side. Pylopod with three segments (third minute) ; whole medial margin with plumose setae. First walking peraeopod with spine on ungus and series of tubercles along inner margin of propodus. Both antennae shorter than cephalon; first with seven flagellar articles; second with five articles. Maxilliped with many large plumose setae; setae longer than width of segment on which lo- cated. Mandible large, with lateral marginal notch and many well de- fined teeth. From lateral view mandibles look especially large because of deep cephalic pit. Pleopods with many plumose setae. Uropodal rami with many long plumose setae ; endopod longer than telson. Measurements: Holotype male 3.5 mm long. Type locality: 6851; Coronado Canyon; 812 m; Feb. 1, 1960; preen mud. Juat. 32° 30° 42”N, Long, EE7? 217 37 W. Materials examined: 6849(1) ; 6851(1). Distribution: Known only from the two specimens found in Coro- nado Canyon. The second specimen was taken at 344 m in green mud and gray mud with H.S smell. Affinities: The species differs from most of the other Gnathia in the lack of conspicuous tubercles and hairs. The two specimens were small uncalcified animals. Gnathia hirsuta, n. sp. (Plate 12) Diagnosis: Eyes prominent, not stalked. Cephalon wider than long, covered with many tubercles. Whole body, especially anterior segments of peraeon, covered with long hairlike setae. Frontal margin of cephalon with acutely rounded medial projection. Frons with some lateral crenula- tions. Peraeonal segment one continuous in outline with cephalon, but prominent only in mediolateral region. Hairlike setae also found on basis of legs. Pleonal segments each with two (dorsolateral and ventro- lateral) projections. Pleonal segment with stiff hairlike setae arising from posterior margins of the segments. Telson long with two pairs of setae, one near apex, another arising from apical margin. Pylopod tri- articulate, apical segment minute; medial margin fringed with long plu- mose setae; ventral side covered with many long hairs. First walking peraeopod with single spine on dactylus. Antennae one and two about as long as cephalon; antenna one with seven flagellar articles; antenna two with five articles. Maxilliped with many plumose setae along lateral margin; two coupling hooks on the blade. Mandible acutely pointed with few teeth and without outer marginal notch. Pleopods without setae. No. 4+ SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 19 Uropodal rami both with large plumose setae ; endopod about as long as telson. Measurements: Holotype male about 4.0 mm long. Type locality: 6805(1); Santa Cruz Canyon; 218 m; Dec. 22, 1959; rocks and some green sand. Lat. 33° 56’ 03”N, Long. 119° 52’ 03” W. Distribution: Known only from type locality. Affinities: ‘The new species is very similar to Gnathia crenulati- frons Menzies and Barnard (1959), except that it has an acutely pointed projection from the anterior margin of the cephalon. The telson of G. crenulatifrons is short, not as produced as the telson of G. hirsuta. Gnathia trilobata, n. sp. (Plate 13) Diagnosis: Large unstalked eyes. Head with trifid frontal projection with stiff marginal setae. Peraeonal segment one conspicuous; complete width visible in dorsal view. Front half of body covered with many small tubercles, especially prominent on cephalon, anterior four per- aeonal segments and postero-lateral border of segment six. Lateral ex- tensions of pleonal segments increasingly more prominent posteriorly in dorsal view; telson produced in acutely rounded apex. Pylopod with three segments (third minute) with long plumose setae on margin and larger plumose setae on ventral side. First walking peraeopod with plu- mose setae on basis and at least one plumose seta on each segment except dactylus; sensory setae present distally on merus near carpal-meral joint. Both antennae about as long as cephalon; first with seven flagel- lar articles; second with five articles. Maxilliped with many plumose setae; blade with three coupling hooks, slightly longer than third seg- ment. Mandible with several teeth and outer marginal notch; no setae on mandible. Pleopods without setae. Uropod with many large plumose setae arising from exopod and endopod; endopod and exopod shorter than telson. Measurements: Holotype male 5.0 mm long. Type locality: 6851; Coronado Canyon; 812 m; Feb. 1, 1960; green mud. Lat. 32° 30’ 42”N, Long. 117° 21’ 37”W. Materials examined: 6851(2) ; 7049(1). Distribution: Known from Coronado Canyon (type locality) and from La Jolla Canyon where it was taken from a polychaete tube in green sand and mud at 976 m. 20 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 A finities: Gnathia trilobata differs from G. tridens of Menzies and Barnard (1959) in the presence of a longer frontal projection, and in other characters. It differs from G. productatridens, which it resembles most, in the lack of crenulations and setae on the outer marginal notch of the mandibles. No setal hairs arise from the mandibles and the telson is without setal spines. VALVIFERA ARCRURIDAT Microarcturus Nordenstam Microarcturus tannerensis, n. sp. (Plate 14) Diagnosis: Eyeless, pigmentless. Body, including proximal segments of peraeopods, covered with minute hairs. Whole body covered with projecting calcareous spines bearing large beadlike spheres. Cephalon and peraeonal segments with at least two large dorsal projecting spines and several dorsolaterally projecting spines. Last two peraeonal and first two pleonal segments with transverse row of at least six spines. Pleon of three segments, one being only partially separated from the pleotelson. Pleon shorter than last four peraeonal segments and with pointed posterior margin. Pleotelson with many short spines similar to those on peraeon. Two most lateral and posterior spines with large setae. First peraeopod somewhat chelate, bearing many sensory setae on inside margin and large spines on outside margin. First antenna with only four segments; distal segment dorsoventrally flattened, tipped with many setae and three times as long as preceding segment. Second an- tenna shorter than body, with each peduncular segment longer than pre- ceding, ending in three increasingly shorter flagellar articles. Maxilliped with strongly curved palp carrying many plumose setae. Mandible with toothed incisor. Measurements: Holotype female 5.5 mm long. Type locality: 6832(1); Tanner Canyon; 1298 m; Jan. 28, 1960; green mud. Lat. 32° 33’ 36”N, Long. 118° 55’ 40”W. Affinities: In general appearance the new species is most like M/7- croarcturus digitatus Nordenstam (1933), except that the spines do not end in a point but have a beadlike tip. Spinal armature is most like that of Antarcturus brunneus as pictured by Nordenstam (1933). No. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 2) | IDOTHEIDAE Synidotea Harger Synidotea calcarea, n. sp. (Plate 15) Synidotea calcarea Schultz, 1964, p. 314, nomen nudum. Diagnosis: Abdomen bluntly rounded, spatulate with several small teeth on posterolateral margins. Tubercles in front of eyes and antero- medial tubercles submarginal; dorsum of head bearing two very large conical tubercles. Eyes not stalked, lightly pigmented with few ocelli. Peraeonal segments bearing two or three dorsolateral longitudinal rugae with two large mediolateral tubercles. Whole body covered with fine short hairs and margins of peraeonal segments and cephalon minutely serrated. Pleotelson crossed by three suture lines, indicating presence of four former segments; first pleonal suture continuous with grooves in lateral margins of pleotelson. Peraeopod one with long ungus; dactylus and propodus somewhat chelate. No peraeopods bearing projecting flanges on article two (basis). Antenna one with only four segments; antenna two with five peduncular and six flagellar segments. Maxilli- pedal palp much wider than endite; endite with several sensory setae. Mandible with toothed incisor; lacinia mobilis with setal row; molar process toothed. Endopod of maxilla one with two sensory projections. Uropods with two sensory dorsolateral setal spines. Measurements: Holotype female 6.0 mm long. Type locality: 6833; Tanner Canyon; 813 m; Jan. 29, 1960; green mud and sand. Lat. 32° 37’ 54”N, Long. 118° 58’ 40”W. Materials examined: 6833 (3). Distribution: Known only from type locality. Affinities: The new species is closely related to Synidotea magnifica Menzies and Barnard (1959), but it has fewer ocelli and less pigment and a less rugose appearance. Iwo very large rounded, conical tubercles are found on the cephalon between the eyes and there are fewer flagel- lar articles on the second antenna. The pleotelson is widest at the base in S. magnifica and at half its length in S. calcarea. 22 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 LITERATURE CITED BARNARD, K. H. 1925. A revision of the family Anthuridae (Crustacea Isopoda), with re- marks on certain morphological peculiarities. Linn. Soc., London, Jour. (Zool.), 36:109-160, pl. 4, 10 text-figs. Dana, J. D. 1854. Catalogue and descriptions of Crustacea collected in California by Dr. John L. LeConte. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc., 7:175-177. HANSEN, H. J. 1916. Crustacea Malacostraca III. The Order Isopoda. Im the Danish In- golf Expedition, Copenhagen. 3(5) :1-262, 16 pls. Hatcu, M. H. 1947. The Chelifera and Isopoda of Washington and adjacent regions. Univ. of Washington, Pub. Biol., 10:155-274, 18 pls. MENZIES, R. J. 1951. New marine isopods, chiefly from northern California, with notes on related forms. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc., 101:105-156, figs. 9-33. 1962a. The zoogeography, ecology, and systematics of the Chilean marine iso- pods. Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948-49. 42. Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, N. F., Avd. 2, 57(11) :1-162, 51 figs. 1962b. The Isopods of abyssal depths in the Atlantic Ocean. /m Barnard, J. L., et al., Abyssal Crustacea. Columbia Univ. Press, New York. (Vema Res. Ser. I) pp. 79-206, 74 figs. MENZIES, R. J. and J. L. BARNARD 1959. Marine Isopoda on coastal shelf bottoms of southern California: Syste- matics and Ecology. Pac. Nat., 1(11) :3-35, 28 text-figs. Monon, T. 1926. Les Gnathiidae. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc, Mém., 13:1-667, 1 pl., 277 figs. NoRDENSTAM, A. 1933. Marine Isopoda of the families Serolidae, Idotheidae, Pseudidotheidae, Arcturidae, Parasellidae, and Stenetriidae mainly taken from the South Atlantic. Jn Further Zool. Res., Swed. Antarctic Exped., 1901-1903. 3(1) :1-284, 2 plates, 78 text-figs. RICHARDSON, HARRIET 1905. A Monograph on the isopods of North America. U. S. Natl. Mus., Bull., 54:l1ii, 727 p., 740 figs. Sars, G. O. 1899. An account of the Crustacea of Norway. Vol. II. Isopoda. Bergen Mu- seum, Bergen, Norway. x, 270 p., 104 plates. SCHULTZ, G. A. 1964. Some marine isopod crustaceans from off the southern California coast. Pac. Sci., 18 :307-314, 4 text-figs. STIMPSON, W. 1864. Descriptions of new species of Marine Invertebrata from Puget Sound, collected by the Naturalists of the North-west Boundary Commission, A. H. Campbell, Esq., Commissioner. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Proc., 16 :153-161. MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY LIBRARY WOODS HOLE, MASS. W. H. QO. L 24 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 1 Figure 1. Acanthomunna tannerensis, new species. 2. Third Peraeo- pod. 3. First Maxilla. 4. Second Maxilla. 5. Maxilliped. 6. Man- dible. 7. First Antenna. 8. First Peraeopod. No. + SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 25 Lars) WN ssl Wea \ 26 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Plate 2 Figure 1. Desmosoma symmetrica, new species. views). 3. Second Antenna. 4. First Maxilla. VOL. 27 2. Maxilliped (two 5. Second Maxilla. 6. Mandible. 7. Hypopharynx. 8. First Peraeopod. No. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA ea | 28 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 3 Figure 1. Eurycope californiensis, new species. 2. First Maxilla. 3. First Antennal Base. 4. Second Maxilla. tail of molar process). 6. Maxilliped. 5. Mandible (with de- 29 > ISOPODA SCHULTZ No. 4 30 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 4 Figure 1. I/yarachna profunda, new species. 2. Mandible. 3. Maxil- liped. 4. Second Maxilla. 5. First Maxilla. 6. First Peraeopod. 7. First Antenna. 8. Second Male Pleopod (with copulatory organ). 9. First Male Pleopods (posterior tip). 31 : ISOPODA SCHULTZ No. + a Dat 32 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Plate 5 Figure 1. Jaeropsis concava, new species. 2. Maxilliped. VOL.2/ 3. First Maxilla. 4. Incisor Process of Mandible. 5. Second Mazxilla. 6. Mandible. 7. First Antenna. 8. First Male Pleopods. Peraeopod. 9. First SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 33 NO. 34 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 6 Figure 1. Nannonisconus latipleonus, new genus, new species. 2. Maxilliped. 3. First Maxilla. 4. Second Maxilla. 5. Mandible. 6. Hypopharynx. 7. First Antenna. 8. First Male Pleopod. 9. Sec- ond Male Pleopod. 10. Uropod. 11. First Peraeopod. SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 35 NO. 36 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 7 Figure 1. Bathura luna, new genus, new species. 2. Maxilliped. 3. Mandible (two views). 4. First Peraeopod. 5. First Maxilla. 6. First (a) and Second (b) Antennae. 7. Second Peraeopod. 8. Sixth Peraeopod. 9. Lateral View of Pleon. a7 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA No. 4 38 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 8 Figure. 1. Cirolana californiensis, new species. 2. Maxilliped. 3. First Maxilla. 4. Mandible. 5. Second Maxilla. 6. First Peraeopod. 7. First Antenna. 8. Frontal Lamnia and Clypeus. 39 : ISOPODA SCHULTZ NO. 4 40 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 9 Figure 1. Cirolana joanneae, new species. 2. Third Peraeopod. 3. First Peraeopod. 4. First Maxilla. 5. Second Maxilla. 6. Mandible. 7. Maxilliped. 8. Pleopod (female). 9. Frontal View of Antennal Bases, Frontal Lamnia and Clypeus. 10. Uropod. 41 ISOPODA N iad | 2) ee Oo n ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VORj2T Plate 10 Figure 1. Gnathia clementensis, new species. 2. First Antenna. 3. Maxilliped. 4. Second Antenna. 5. Second Pleopod. 6. First Walk- ing Peraeopod. 7. Pylopod. : ISOPODA SCHULTZ No. 4 44 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 11 Figure 1. Gnathia coronadoensis, new species. 2. Second Antenna. 3. Mandible. 4. Pylopod. 5. Maxilliped. 6. First Antenna. 7. Sec- ond Pleopod. 8. Telson and Uropods. 9. First Walking Peraeopod. 45 LTZ: ISOPODA SCH U No. + Z. SS = 46 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 12 Figure 1. Gnathia hirsuta, new species. 2. Second Antenna. 3. Max- illiped. 4. Mandible. 5. Second Pleopod. 6. Pylopod. 7. First Walking Peraeopod. 8. Telson and Uropods (with detail of telson apex). 47 : ISOPODA SCHULTZ No. 4 48 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Plate 13 VOL. 27 Figure 1. Guathia trilobata, new species. 2. Maxilliped. 3. Mandi- ble. 4. Second Male Pleopod. 5. Pylopod. 6. Second Antenna. 7. First Antenna. Uropod. 8. First Walking Peraeopod. 9. Telson and 49 : ISOPODA SCHULTZ No. 4 50 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Plate 14 Figure 1. Microarcturus tannerensis, new species. 2. Uropod (Valve). 3. Mandible. 4. Maxilliped. 5. First Maxilla. 6. Second Maxilla. 7. First Antenna. 8. Seventh Peraeopod. 9. First Peraeopod. 10. First Male Pleopods. No. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 51 52 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL..2/ Plate 15 Figure 1. Synidotea calcarea, new species. 2. Maxilliped. 3. Mandi- bles; (a) apical and (b) lateral views. 4. First Maxilla. 5. Second Maxilla. 6. Uropod. 7. First Peraeopod. 8. Seventh Peraeopod. NO. 4 SCHULTZ: ISOPODA 53 INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES References to illustrations in boldface type. Acanthomunna, 6 hystrix, 6 tannerensis, 3, 5, 6, 25 acarina, Ilyarachna, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 Aega, 14 belliceps, 14 lecontii, 3, 5, 14 Aegacylla lecontii, 14 Aeginae, 14 Ananthura, 12 Antarcturus brunneus, 20 Anthuridae, 12 Anthuridea, 12 Arcturidae, 20 Asellota, 6 Bathura, 12 luna, 3, 4, 5, 12, 37 belliceps, Aega, 14 Rocinela, 3, 5, 14 branchuropus, Eurydice, 3, 4, 14 brunneus, Antarcturus, 20 calcarea, Synidotea, 3, 5, 21, 53 californiense, Pleurogonium, 3, 4, 12 californiensis, Cirolana, 3, 4, 5, 14, 39 Eurycope, 3, 4, 8, 29 Cirolana, 14 californiensis, 3, 4, 5, 14, 39 cubensis, 15 gracilis, 15 harfordi, 16 joanneae, 3, 5, 15, 41 Cirolanidae, 14 Cirolaninae, 14 Cirolanoidea, 14 clementensis, Gnathia, 3, 4, 17, 43 clypeata, Ilyarachna, 9 concava, Jaeropsis, 3, 5, 9, 33 coronadoensis, Gnathia, 3, 4, 17, 45 crenulatifrons, Gnathia, 1, 3, 4, 5, 16, 19 cubensis, Cirolana, 15 Desmosoma, 7 gracilipes, 7 symmetrica, 3, 5, 7, 27 tenuimana, 7 Desmosomidae, 7 digitatus, Microarcturus, 20 dubia, Jaeropsis, 10 paucispinis, Jaeropsis, 3, 5, 10 Eurycope californiensis, 3, 4, 8, 29 magalura, 8 Eurycopidae, 8 Eurydice, 14 branchuropus, 3, 4, 14 Flabellifera, 12 geminata, Haliophasma, 1, 3, 4, 5, 13 Gnathia, 16, 18 clementensis, 3, 4, 17, 43 coronadoensis, 3, 4, 17, 45 crenulatifrons, 1, 3, 4, 5, 16, 19 hirsuta, 3, 5, 18, 47 productatridens, 17, 20 tridens, 20 trilobata, 3, 4, 19, 49 Gnathiidae, 16 Gnathioidea, 16 gracilipes, Desmosoma, 7 gracilis, Cirolana, 15 Haliophasma, 13 geminata, 1, 3, 4, 5, 13 harfordi, Cirolana, 16 hirsuta, Gnathia, 3, 5, 18, 47 hystrix, Acanthomunna, 6 Idotheidae, 21 Ilyarachna, 8 acarina, 1, 3, 4, 5, 8,9 clypeata, 9 profunda, 3, 4, 5, 9, 31 Ilyarachnidae, 8 Jaeropsidae, 9 Jaeropsis, 9 concava, 3, 5, 9, 33 dubia, 10 paucispinis, 3, 5, 10 Janira solasteri, 10 Janiralata, 10 solasteri, 3, 5, 10 Janiridae, 10 Janirilata solasteri, 10 joanneae, Cirolana, 3, 5, 15, 41 latipleonus, Nannonisconus, 3, 4, 11, 5 3 lecontii, Aega, 3, 5, 14 Aegacylla, 14 luna, Bathura, 3, 4, 5, 12, 37 magalura, Eurycope, 8 magnifica, Synidotea, 21 Microarcturus, 20 digitatus, 20 tannerensis, 3, 5, 20, 51 Munna, 6 spinifrons, 3, 5, 6 Munnidae, 6 Nannoniscidae, 11 Nannonisconus, 11 latipleonus, 3, 4, 11, 35 Nannoniscus, 11 Paraselloidea, 6 55, 56 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 paucispinis, Jaeropsis dubia, 3, 5, 10 Pleurogoniidae, 12 Pleurogonium, 12 californiense, 3, 4, 12 productatridens, Gnathia, 17, 20 profunda, Ilyarachna, 3, 4, 5, 9, 31 Rocinela, 14 belliceps, 3, 5, 14 solasteri, Janira, 10 Janiralata, 3, 5, 10 Janirilata, 10 spinifrons, Munna, 3, 5, 6 symmetrica, Desmosoma, 3, 5, 7, 27 Synidotea, 21 calcarea, 3, 5, 21, 53 magnifica, 21 tannerensis, Acanthomunna, 3, 5, 6, 25 Microarcturus, 3, 5, 20, 51 tenuimana, Desmosoma, 7 tridens, Gnathia, 20 trilobata, Gnathia, 3, 4, 19, 49 Valvifera, 20 bd Wd hy" hae wee " ! J hs Y ‘ y l PA ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 PART 5 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART'V. SYSTEMATICS: AMPHIPODA BY J. LAURENS BARNARD SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, D. C. f MARINE —f BIOLOGICAI b LABO! f ee f sete ai, ae WOC i$ } H W. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1966 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 PART 5 SUBMARINE CANYONS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PART V SYSTEMATICS: AMPHIPODA BY J. LAURENS BARNARD SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, D. C. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1966 ARAN TUDOR 10 CHONDA a AIAROtT IA “7 7 V THAT | 7 = > Wu ) ACOC DIAL OO PA mn 4 > o. SA AL AA eu LOO NET TSAY AMOR OTS | a TOA Vcr ren Fea iM rig 27 = Liste eee oar? an Tee SUBMARINE CANYONS OF rOULRERNSCALIFORNEA PAR. Vv. So fav At irCs AMPHIPODA, by J. LAURENS BARNARD ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLUME 27 Part V IssUED: OCTOBER 5, 1966 PRIcE: $5.75 UNIVERSIFY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PRESS Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA CONTENTS Introduction Methods and Materials The Canyon Environment . Physical . Biological Standing Crop Density of Organisms Community Assemblages Sample Associations, Methods The Canyon Associations The Borderland Basins . The Amphipoda Frequency of Amphipoda in Basins and Canyons . Diversity and Dominance of Amphipoda in the Canyons Ascent and Descent of Species in the Canyons and Basins Depth Distribution of the Amphipoda in the Canyons and Basins Comparison of the Faunal Composition of Canyons and Basins with that of the World Bathyal Zone Prospectus Summary Acknowledgments Tables Systematics of Amphipoda . Literature Cited PAD PERGICES 1= sami iiaiaeesre wi: Thad: artes “RY I List of Amphipoda in Canyons by Depth II List of Amphipoda by Basin Bee oe III Distribution of the Submarine Canyon Samples with Depth, their Sediments and Amphipoda Plates Index WwW BENTHIC AMPHIPODA OF SUBMARINE CANYONS AND BASINS OF CALIFORNIA by J. Laurens BarRnarp INTRODUCTION The shelf of southern California and its offshore islands is incised by numerous submarine canyons, many of which debouch onto trough and basin floors of the borderland area (Emery, 1960; Emery and Hilse- mann, 1963). They are of particular interest to biologists, because they bring bathyal depths (200 - 1000 m) close to shore where food supplies might be higher than in comparable depths on the continental slopes. Their gradients and possibly their sediments are probably similar to those of regular continental slopes, although sediments of the slopes in southern California have not been well explored (Emery, 1960). Where canyon heads come close to shore, sand moved by longshore currents is entrapped and flows down canyon axes. Sediments accumu- lating on the shoreward canyon floors occasionally are set in motion as turbidity flows, possibly either as the result of seismic activity or because of increments in overburden. These sedimentary masses, mixed with water, flow down the canyon axes and in certain canyons flow onto the fans of submarine basin slopes (Emery and Hilsemann, 1963). An in- herent catastrophic unstability to the substratum of the biota proves worthy of examination. Particularly interesting is the opportunity to report upon bathyal gammaridean amphipods collected in quantitative samples. Because the canyon bathyal fauna merges with that of the subsill and somewhat m- poverished borderland basins, amphipod assessments already published by Hartman and Barnard (1958, 1960) have been perfected and included herein, along with data from the continental slopes that have accumu- lated from examination of samples reported upon by Hartman (1955). 1 2 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.27 METHODS AND MATERIALS Benthic samples, primarily from the canyon axes, were collected either with an orange-peel grab or a Campbell (modified Van Veen) grab from 1952 to 1962 in the following canyons from north to south along the mainland shelf: Monterey, Hueneme, Mugu, Dume, Santa Monica, Redondo, San Pedro Sea Valley, Newport, La Jolla and Coro- nado. The following insular canyons were sampled: Santa Cruz, Santa Catalina, Tanner and San Clemente Rift Valley. Samples were also taken in the San Diego Trough. These 201 samples, plus a few addi- tional basin and slope samples, supplement the basin samples discussed by Hartman and Barnard (1958, 1960) to form the basis of the present treatment of the amphipod fauna. Hartman (1963) has already dis- cussed the polychaetes and general faunistic condition of the canyon samples. The orange-peel grab collected at each station a plug of sediment with a surface area of about 0.25 m? and the Campbell grab about 0.55 m2. The depth of penetration of the grabs varies but this is consid- ered to be inconsequential in the collecting of Amphipoda as most of the organisms are presumed to inhabit the upper few centimeters of the sub- strate. A few listriella Amphipoda may inhabit the deeply thrust tubes of maldanid polychaetes. Deeply burrowing organisms of groups other than Amphipoda are of course sampled erratically by benthic grabs, de- pending on the compactness of the substrate. Therefore, the values of standing crop and frequency of organisms are only approximate ; abso- lute values await the invention of a perfect sampler. Equation of sam- ples according to their areal coverage is acceptable in view of the com- monly practiced comparison of various marine communities in the litera- ture regardless of type of sampler. After recovery, samples were washed aboard ship (R/V VELERO IV) through a screen of 0.7 mm mesh and the residues preserved for sorting in the laboratory. Sedimentary volumes of samples are reported by Hartman (1963). The faunal composition of canyon samples is extremely variable and can be associated only sketchily with depth and assumed thermal prov- inces, sediments, geomorphology and distances from shore (as based on USHO charts). Mapping and sampling of canyons must be continued on a larger scale than at present but restricted to smaller regions and shorter time scales before valid correlations can be made between biotas and en- vironmental parameters. Usage of the term “community” in this paper conforms to the Peter- sen concept (Thorson, 1957). no. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA § THE CANYON ENVIRONMENT PHYSICAL Although turbidity currents are known to sweep down canyon axes (Emery, Hiilsemann and Rodolfo, 1962; Johnson, 1964), and rather continuous cascades of sand pour into canyon heads (Dill, 1962), the lasting deleterious effects appear to be minor, as most canyon samples re- ported upon herein and in Hartman (1963) contained significant animal populations. However, none of the samples is known to have been taken from an area of recent disturbance. Occasionally samples showed evi- dence of impoverished faunas, but indicator species point to the presence of outflowing fresh water from exposed aquifers (Hartman, 1963). A great diversity of canyon sediments occurs even though canyon heads entrap medium sands of shallow water. Emery and Hiilsemann’s (1963) data for canyons 0 - 50 m above axes (plotted in Graph 1 as a scatter diagram, and averaged in Table 1) show the great range in median par- Q 8 ie area 8 fe) _ o = o = = ie == a o (=) 8 @® INSULAR 40 50 60 70 Median Diameter in Microns Graph 1. Scatter diagram of axial canyon sediments (0-50 m above axes) in California. Plain dots represent inshore coastal canyons, dots enclosed with circles represent insular canyons. Data from Emery and Hiilsemann (1963). + ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 ticle diameter of the sediments. One may compare the scatter diagram of median diameters for the coastal shelf shown in Graph 2. w _ o = o = (= fe = a o a Median Diameter in Microns Graph 2. Scatter diagram of sediments from samples proportionally distributed by depth and area on the coastal shelf of southern Cali- fornia, 10-183 m. Emery, Hiilsemann and Rodolfo (1962) believe that the net result of turbidity flows is of benefit to benthic populations, especially on the aprons at the seaward ends of the canyons and below sill depths of the basins. There, of course, the muddy suspensions bring down water with higher than normal oxygen content, as well as quantities of organic matter. Water of high oxygen tension can be detected as long as two years later. and this may be of some influence on canyon populations above sill depths in or near the oxygen-minimum layer of the sea. The concept that canyons, through frequent sedimentary movements, provide more organic matter for bathyal biota than do continental slopes at the same depths may have a relationship to the survival of refugees from a pre-cooled abyssal realm. The enormous variability of canyon sediments also would provide a diversity of niches for an ancient fauna possibly compressed into bathyal depths (see Bruun, 1957; Madsen, 1961; Men- zies and Imbrie, 1957; Zenkevitch and Birstein, 1960; and J. L. Bar- nard, 1961b, 1962d, for notes on the bathyal theory). If 84% of the ocean floor known as abyssal once supported a warm-water fauna of No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 5 great antiquity that, because of cooling of the deep-sea, found refuge in 8% of the sea floor at bathyal depths, then one must balance the conse- quences of greatly decreased living space against a higher food supply per unit of area. Elucidation of the organic-matter cycle awaits experi- mental methods and solution of the uniformity: thermostrophic contro- versy awaits new methods and additional careful study of deep-sea faunas. Large particles of organic matter have been discovered frequently in samples from nearshore basins and trenches (Bruun, 1959; Heezen, Ewing and Menzies, 1955) and in the present samples, especially those from Monterey Canyon (see data, Hartman, 1963). Such accumula- tions must indicate that low-density organic matter is transported more quickly and frequently to great depths in canyons before decomposition, than is mineral matter. That organic accumulations probably are dis- posed of by organisms rapidly is shown in the similar organic carbon content of canyon and shelf sediments (Table 1), for if biota (including bacteria) were not disposing of organic matter quickly, the canyon sedi- ments would have much higher organic contents. Nevertheless, the sam- ples containing macroscopic pieces of organic debris have not borne large populations of organisms. This has been observed also in the large ac- cumulation of organic debris off the Santa Clara River on the Ventura coastal shelf, where sediments contain twigs and stems transported from land by the river, probably in great quantities after brush-fires. Here the normally expected high densities of ophiuroids and other character- istic community dominants have been reduced considerably. Most of this debris probably contains a high content of insoluble and poorly-digest- ible residues that few Metazoa are adapted to utilize. Whether it has a toxic effect on benthic populations or whether its presence makes the sediments more difficult to burrow into are problems for experimenta- tion. After a turbidity flow, a portion of the formerly buried and labile organic materials that are resuspended probably settle out as a veneer covering the sediments and become available to the first animal immi- grants. Perhaps in Monterey Canyon this had occurred just before sampling that poorly diverse population, largely composed of motile or- ganisms such as amphipods and cumaceans. The densest accumulations of debris, fragments larger than 0.5 mm, apparently consisting of surf- grass or eel-grass, were taken at stations 6490 and 6494, in depths of 906 and 750 m respectively. The most conspicuous and dominant organ- isms were Protomedeia articulata, a large amphipod, with 20 and 111 specimens, respectively, and Leucon sp., a cumacean. The problem re- 6 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 mains whether a turbidity flow scatters organic material so widely that no accumulation as dense as that in Monterey Canyon would result after settling. The grassy material appeared remarkably fresh, although it was greenish-black. Pockets full of debris in areas of high repose may have been accumulated through mechanisms other than movement of sed- iments. Perhaps gradients are sufficient in some canyon axes to permit cascading and saltation of debris, but continuing impulsion by water movement would have to be presumed. Descending currents in canyons have not been demonstrated, although they might be predicted, especially where canyons intersect lagoons. Because of evaporation and winter cooling of water in shallow lagoons, density currents might be estab- lished that flow slowly part way down the canyon axis. Indeed, Mon- terey Canyon impinges upon the mouth of Elkhorn Slough (hydrographic conditions poorly known). The only other canyon with evidence of high accumulation of organic material is Newport Canyon, from which came several samples composed of black sulfide ooze. Coincidentally, that canyon lies near the mouth of Newport Bay, another lagoon sup- porting eel-grass (but not as densely as at Elkhorn Slough, because of human influences). Another conjecture is that canyon topography in- fluences formation of surface-water eddies in which organic material is trapped, becomes waterlogged and sinks to the canyon floor. Off the Congo River (Vema samples, information from Dr. R. J. Menzies) one may presume that debris accumulates in the canyon simply from waterlogging of enormous supplies that are present. But the can- yons of California are not served by large rivers, hence their source of organic matter has to lie elsewhere. BIOLOGICAL STANDING CROP Individually, the several canyons with their distinct profiles and dif- ferent distances from shore are difficult to compare. The small number of samples per canyon adds to this difficulty, because patchiness of sedi- ments and therefore patchiness of biological distributions occur. ‘This is well demonstrated in the erratic recovery of brissopsid urchins. Even the levels of polychaete standing crop differ enormously and inconsistently at similar depths in each canyon, although consistency with sediment- type is apparent, the finer sediments supporting larger crops. By group- ing all of the canyon samples, regardless of the artificiality so incurred, a significant impression of the trend of decreasing crop with depth is seen No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA | STANDING CROP SUBMARINE CANYONS POLYCHAETES — x o = o = 5 5 ey 2p) = 72) iS © o ee cs) = ‘s 5 oO Jie alten al 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 900 1000 1200 1300 1400 1700 Depth in Meters Graph 3. Cumulative standing crop in submarine canyons related to depth, data reduced from Hartman (1963). (Graph 3), because sufficient samples are grouped into several depth classes so as to ameliorate erratic biomass levels. Most striking and per- haps significant is the sudden drop in biomass between 600 and 700 m that may be related to the oxygen minimum layer which occurs between 500 and 700 m in this latitude (Emery, 1960, p. 108). The standing crop of the depth classes of 100 - 500 m in the canyons approximates that of the typical levels on the outer sandy-silt (or silty- sand) shelf of southern California (compare Barnard and Hartman, 1959, figs. 4-6), in depths of about 60 to 100 m. Echinoderms and echiur- oids represent a larger share of the standing crop in canyons than they do on the outer shelf, this share being taken partly from the polychaetes and especially from the mollusks. DENSITY OF ORGANISMS Polychaetes dominate the benthos of the inshore continental canyons whereas echinoderms are numerically more abundant in the insular can- yons (Tables 2-3, by summation of values in all depth classes). “he 8 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 data of these tables are computed from figures presented in Hartman (1963), assuming that the Campbell grab covers an area of 0.55 m? and the orange-peel grab 0.25 m?. The tables give trends and approxima- tions rather than absolute values, because the various depth classes of each canyon have not been exhaustively sampled to the point of diminish- ing returns of previously unassessed variability. The abundance of polychaetes and echinoderms in the canyons in depths of 0-200 m closely approximates the averaged density for the coastal shelf (Table 4), but mollusks are slightly less and crustaceans are much less abundant in the canyons. The insular canyon sediments apparently are not significantly different in grain size from those of mainland canyons, as shown by the scatter diagram (Graph 1) of median diameters, although they appear to have slightly higher carbon percentages (Graph 4) or are, at least, on w S is) 400 w pos oO ® © * N Ro vr Ss N g << MEDIAN COEFFICIENT = SI RANGE 24—75 487/ S255 4835 5098 4785 4817 % DOMINANTS STATION 4837 No. AMPHIODIA per sample uo b 2) to) a a & DH © 510 74 4935 648.80 9092 DOMINANTS: 444 68 5354 Amphiodia urtica 465 8l 5370 Amphiodia squamata Pectinaria californiensis Pholoe glabra 363) 965 97/08 Paraphoxus bicuspidatus 420 57 4768 rales Paraphoxus similis 16261 |¢0} 389 68 4920 |62\68/71 59 |69|56\64|54|65 [65 [56|57 | 285 59 4837 eu Se 240 so #87/ [54 |52|47|52/50 /48|55|54|53 |48/52|52 337 50 5255 paler 41 [95 mIreiriee | 3I5 40 4835 So/s5(a fofes}es A aalez 274 45 5098 191 29 #785 188 27 48/7 TOTALS of Coefficients for each sample Graph 9. The Amphiodia urtica community of the shelf of southern California, represented by 20 of the samples having the dominant most abundant, with paired coefficients of association and totals for each sample. Another example is the Listriolobus community (Barnard and Hart- man, 1959) of which 12 samples chosen for their extreme variability are presented in Graph 10. Contrary to the Amphiodia community in which dominance of Amphiodia in standing crop is also reflected in the high frequency of individuals, the Listriolobus community is dominated by a low number of individuals having a heavy bodyweight. Listrio- lobus ranges in frequency from 1% to 8% of the specimens in a sam- ple. A type-sample is 5419 in which Listriolobus represents 8% of the specimens, Ceratocephala sp. (a specifically characteristic species) 9%, Saxicavella sp. (another indicator species) 16%, Callianassa sp. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 17 54/9 LISTRIOLOBUS F4l4 COMMUNITY abet of the 5413 Coastal Shelf yore 5404 5410 53350 526/ 5/66 4826 542/ Heterophoxus Amphiodia Ceratocephala Listriolobus Saxicavella Callianassa Phoronopsis Terebellides Listriella goleta Axinopsis Pectinaria Sternaspis Marphysa Poecilochaetus Pinnixa TOTALS Coefficient rank decreasing NY QO Oo 540 Median coefficient = 32 Range 16——64 gll=rPo 58 edz s9[32|34|34[39| 52 ess2|2r[s[sel2r|s8 52|20 |22[25|2a| 2a] [36 i 73 [2s [25203635 else |26|39|27|20[ea|ee [25|es eo) se 25| 42 | i7|2r[1eeaz6 OF FAUNA IN EACH SAMPLE RANKED Graph 10. The Listriolobus community of the shelf of southern Cali- fornia, represented by 12 samples selected for their spectral range between greatest extremes, with paired coefficients of association above and the percent of specimens of dominants in each sample below. 18 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 (a genus nearly restricted to the Listriolobus bed on the coastal shelf) 4%, Phoronopsis sp. (another characteristic, nearly exclusively limited species) 14%. These taxa, plus others shared with adjacent communi- ties, such as Amphiodia and Pectinaria, comprise 75% of the specimens in the sample (Graph 10). Unlike the 4mphiodia community, in which only 6 species regularly comprise more than 50% of the specimens (owing to predominance of Amphiodia), the Listriolobus community commonly requires tabulation of 14 species to comprise 50% of the spec- imens of a sample. The samples in Graph 10 show the extremes of variability, whereas the heart of the community, represented by about 20 samples not shown, is more typical of sample 5419. PECTINARIA ANCISTROSYLLUS #* ° aa?) . AMPHIODIA spp _ 7538) PECTINARIA . : . ° PECTINARIA DENTALIUM, (2) PECTINARIA CAPITELLA (3) o _ ® = Co) = S f= = a ® (a) (3) * = SAMPLE (TEREBELLIDES) (4)=TYPE FROM TABLE © = NO COMMON DOMINANT A = ANOBOTHRUS to 20 2 30 40 50 60 80 90 100 12 125 250 1+ e~ Median Diameter in Microns Graph 11. Depth-sediment partitioning of community assemblages of submarine canyons based on those samples analyzed for median gene and those fitting the schematic dominations of graphs 7 and 8. THE CANYON ASSOCIATIONS Selected canyon samples are prearranged in the trellis diagram of Graph 7, and extend from “typical” samples dominated by Pectinaria alone, to Pectinaria with Dentalium, Pectinaria with Capitella, Pectt- naria with Ancistrosyllis, then with Chloeia, and one with Ancistrosyl- lis-Chloeia-Maldane together; on the right are samples dominated by NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 19 Heteromastus, those to the middle having Chloeia as a subdominant and thus overlapping the Pectinaria-Chloeia bundle. Only a few of the inter- comparable values exceed 50, in contrast to the Amphiodia trellis dia- gram, but resembling the Listriolobus diagram. Summation of the coef- ficient values gives a range from 187 to 622. Those samples with Pecti- naria as a dominant have a range of 400 to 622 (excluding station 5639, a Maldane sample included for its high count of Pectinaria). The Heteromastus samples range from 187 to 622 also (including station 7160, a mixture of Pectinaria and Heteromastus). Except for station 5674, a sample poor in diversity and abundance of specimens, the Heteromastus samples are scarcely less well related to the Pectinaria side than are some of the marginal samples of the Listriolobus com- munity among themselves. Heteromastus is especially connected to Pectinaria through those samples sharing Chloeia as a principal sub- dominant. Heteromastus samples are related more to Pectinaria-bottoms than are Maldane samples, as evidenced by the best Maldane sample (6497) being compared with other samples in Graph 8. A Lysippe sam- ple also is compared. Despite the spectral arrangement of the samples, with no clear break between various community appellations and despite the overlap of dominations, especially in those samples such as 5639 where several of the dominant species exist together, the arrangement, as seen in Table 6, indicates a discrete Maldane community; a “Lysippe’ community that represents deepwater; and a Heteromastus assemblage that probably is a major subdivision of the widely-occur- ring Pectinaria community. The Pectinaria community has numerous variants in which several subdominants alternatively occur. he unity of the samples is also shown by the codominance of both Pectinaria and Heteromastus in stations 7032 and 3166 and both Pectinaria and Mal- dane in 6819 (as well as examples shown in Graph 8). Without sufficient sedimentary data (only 55 of the canyon samples were analyzed for sediments), it is possible only to suggest that the Pectinaria subcommunities may be controlled by sediments and depth together. In Graph 11 those samples of Table 6 that have been clearly assigned to communities and that have been analyzed for sediments are delimited into community groups. A clear-cut depth partitionment 1s shown of Ancistrosyllis, followed by Dentalium, then Chloeia, then Maldane (less clearly), and Heteromastus within the finer-grained sedi- ments. On the coarse side, Pectinaria and Capitella dominate. In deeper waters are grouped the amalgamated Lysippe samples. The over- lap of communities is shown in the group of samples denoted by aa i 7” that are Pectinaria mixed with Heteromastus and by a codominant 20 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLZ2/ sample belonging to both MJaldane and Pectinaria-Chloeia types, an- other overlap being shown between Heteromastus and Pectinaria- Chloeia. THE BORDERLAND BASINS The borderland of southern California has 13 enclosed basins ( Hart- man and Barnard, 1958, 1960; Emery, 1960), in which 165 benthic biological samples have been obtained, nearly half of which were col- lected in San Pedro Basin (Table 7). Hartman and Barnard have al- ready discussed the fauna of these basins, but at that time a number of the amphipods had not been identified. Subsill waters of the nearshore basins of Santa Barbara, Santa Mon- ica and San Pedro have very low dissolved oxygen values (0.2-0.3 ml/L) and the faunas are impoverished, the number of amphipods aver- aging only 1.5/m*. In the deeper offshore basins the oxygen values are higher (0.4-2.0 ml/L) and the number of amphipods per square meter is 6.0, but the small number of samples and low density does not permit assessment of more than a fraction of the probable amphipod fauna. It will be necessary to utilize benthic trawls with fine-mesh nets to collect all of the very rare species before a complete knowledge of the fauna is reached. Nevertheless, the present samples give us valuable indications of the kinds of abundant species (Table 8). The basins support 28 identifiable species and a number of others (Appendix II) that have not been identified because of fragmentation of specimens. Only 7 of the 28 species are unique, so far, to the basins (Table 9), the remainder having been found above sill depths, primarily in the submarine canyons (because most slope sampling has been done in that environment). The shallowest basins (San Pedro, Santa Monica, Santa Barbara), with low dissolved oxygen and low densities of animals, support a rather large proportion of eurybathic organisms. Of the 9 species of amphipods, 5 are primarily deep sublittoral species: Ampelisca pugetica, A. mac- rocephala, Heterophoxus oculatus, Monoculodes norvegicus and Urothoe varvarini. Heterophoxus oculatus is truly a eurybathic organism and the others are of cold-temperate occurrence. The remaining four species are among the most abundant in the canyons: A mpelisca coeca, Har piniopsis epistomata, Liljeborgia cota and Byblis barbarensis. The next group, Santa Catalina, Santa Cruz, San Nicolas and Tan- ner Basins, supports only Heterophoxus oculatus and Urothoe varvarini of the deep sublittoral group, but the deep sublittoral and shallow bath- No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA an yal Nicippe tumida is a member of the fauna. Several other cold-water sublittoral species, such as Paraphoxus oculatus, Leptophoxus falcatus, Ampelisca eoa and Sophrosyne robertsoni are present also, these species not being found in the warm-temperate sublittoral of southern Califor- nia. Pardaliscella symmetrica, an upper slope species, is found in San Nicolas Basin. The remaining deeper basins have less biotic diversity but also sup- port Heterophoxus oculatus. San Clemente Basin has a member of Lepi- depecreella, heretofore considered a littoral cold-water genus, and strangely enough, Phoxocephalus homilis, a deep sublittoral warm-tem- perate species, has been found there. More intensive sampling, no doubt, will reveal additional deep sub- littoral species that stray into the basins, but these should be offset by an increased recovery of rare (low frequencies of individuals), optimally bathyal species. The straying of sublittoral and shallow bathyal taxa into the basins probably would not occur were the basins located far offshore. THE AMPHIPODA FREQUENCY OF AMPHIPODA IN BASIN AND CANYONS The frequency of Amphipoda in the shallow-water canyon heads is scarcely less than that on the coastal shelf (compare densities at 100 m for shelf and canyon in Table 10), perhaps indicating the unstable sub- stratum, but also perhaps denoting errors because of the difficulty of ob- taining samples in canyons. The grabbing device may hit steep slopes in the narrow canyon heads during or after sampling and small crusta- ceans may be lost in the recovery. Fast-moving demersal species may sense and escape the descending grab. The substratum in the shallow heads is sandy and the density of organisms is known to decrease on sandy bottoms, as shown by Barnard (1963), although the figure of 257 individuals/m? in the inshore sands in depths of less than 10 m is roughly half that in the canyon heads on substrata in less than 100 m of depth. The frequency of Amphipoda declines erratically with depth in the canyons, indicating the need for consideration of many more samples to eliminate not only sampling error, but to equate the variations of sedi- ments and other environmental factors. Nevertheless, four provinces of density appear in the data in these depths: (1) between 0 and 100 m, where the average density is 588 individuals/m*, (2) between 101 and 500 m, where the density is 54/m?, (3) between 501 and 1000 m, where the density is 14.7 individuals/m?, and (4) between 1001 and. 1600 m, where the density is 2.8 individuals/m?. 22 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 The seaward, deeper ends of many of the canyons debouch onto basin floors, especially the biotically impoverished shoreward basins of Santa Barbara, Santa Monica and San Pedro. The frequency of Amphipoda drops to 1.5 individuals/m? below sill depths, although the slopes and canyon fans above sill depths (475 to 737 m) support between 7 and 21 (or as many as 43) individuals/m?. Canyon floors well below sill depths, that empty onto trough floors or onto deeper basins, continue to support 11 individuals/m?. The deeper outer basins (numbers 4-12 in Table 7) support 6 individuals/m?, but apparently these basins, al- though having sill depths well below oxygen minimum layers, have de- pleted biotic frequencies, because two samples on the Patton escarpment above sill depths have an average of 20 individuals/m?. Unfortunately, no samples from nonbasin areas of the deep borderland, except on the slopes of San Pedro, Santa Monica and Santa Barbara basins, have been taken so that these values can not be confirmed. DIvERSITY AND DOMINANCE OF AMPHIPODA IN THE CANYONS About 185 species of Amphipoda occur on the coastal shelf of south- ern California in water depths of 5 to 183 m, according to my records and a manuscript in preparation. The intertidal has not been assessed. The most abundant amphipod species on the coastal shelf are shown in Table 11, the most abundant in depths of 92-183 m in Table 12 and the most abundant in depths of 4-10 m in Table 13. Amphipoda of the shallowest 100 m of the canyons (Table 14) are a mixture of species from the above zones. The first two taxa of Table 14, 4oroides and Parapleustes, are phycophilous, the former probably building tubes at- tached to algae, surf-grass and plant debris. These are unusually high rankings for both species, as the latter is almost exclusively an intertidal form. The remaining species of the canyon heads comprise a high number (9 out of 16) of the common shelf species, as marked with asterisks in "Table 14. The high rank of Ischyrocerus pelagops is another indication of the predomination of plants and/or plant debris on substrates of can- yon heads. Little relationship is shown to the upper slope fauna (Table 12) except for the presence of Protomedeia articulata, a species that is not necessarily characteristic of slope faunas because it occurs also in moderate shelf depths on silty bottoms. Conspicuously absent from the list of important canyon-head Amphi- poda is Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, the most abundant shelf and slope amphipod. In depths of 101-200 m, the canyon fauna compares most favorably with that on the upper coastal slopes, 92-183 m (see Tables 12 and 15). No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 23 Eleven of the 15 important canyon species are in the abundancy list from the slope. Here Paraphoxus bicuspidatus occurs in its expected high density. The most common amphipods in each depth interval in the canyons are shown in Table 16. The most important is the eurybathic Hetero- phoxus oculatus, occurring from the shallow shelf through most of the depth range that has been sampled. 4mpelisca macrocephala exists as an oculate subspecies in depths shallower than 300 m, becoming largely the blind subspecies w2socalae in greater depths. Deep-water influence starts at 301 m with harpinias commencing to predominate. Protomedeia ar- ticulata and Paraphoxus daboius, in depths of 701-1000 m, are enclosed in parentheses to indicate that the former species is restricted largely to Monterey Canyon and that the latter species represents a possible ab- normal depth displacement. Indeed, Paraphoxus obtusidens in 401-500 m is abnormally displaced, but P. calcaratus is truly a cold-water form not found in shallow waters of southern California. The families Phoxo- cephalidae and Ampeliscidae predominate; they are burrowing and tube-dwelling organisms dominating most open-sea sublittoral and bathy- al substrates. The occurrence of Maera simile in depths of 201-300 m is an unusual record of a primarily eulittoral phycophilous organism. A partially subjective assessment of the optimal environment of the taxa has been made in order to place each canyon species in the scheme of Table 17, showing the decline of shelf species and the increase of slope species in relation to depth intervals in the canyons. Between 400 and 600 m the faunal balance is shifted from its primarily sublittoral character to its primarily bathyal condition. Some species that have been assigned to the shelf fauna occur pri- marily on its deeper margin. Many of those listed below live in shallow waters in colder latitudes and have been displaced to the shelf edge in southern California, but do not descend far into the slope environ- ment: Monoculodes norvegicus, Orchomene pacifica, Ericthonius hun- teri, Haploops spinosa and probably all of those species listed in Table 18 between Bathymedon roquedo and Monoculodes norvegicus. ASCENT AND DESCENT OF SPECIES IN THE CANYONS AND BASINS That canyons cutting the full width of the shelf might afford path- ways for shelf animals descending to greater depths than normal was suggested when the spoon-worm Listriolobus pelodes (see Barnard and 24 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS vouNZ/ Hartman, 1959) was brought up in a deepwater sample in Hueneme Canyon (177 m). The distribution of this species had been rather thor- oughly investigated, and it was known to be replaced on the upper coast- al slope by other genera of spoon-worms. Because Listriolobus lives on sediments that are very finely particulate for the coastal shelf, its perim- eter is limited to a small area of silt on the Santa Barbara coastal platform. Other areas of suitable sedimentary texture for Listriolobus would lie somewhere on the low-gradient fans at the base of the coastal slope and canyons; these presumably would be in waters too deep for Listriolobus. Continental slopes have been poorly studied, although Emery and ‘Terry (1956) reported on a slope sediment with a median diameter of 22, approximately the same as that found in the Listriolobus beds. But presumably the average slope sediment is coarser than the average outer shelf sediment (75-100 m), hence restricting Listriolobus. The sedi- ments of submarine canyons are patchy and extend from black muds bearing coarse organic matter to coarse sands pouring down the canyon heads; but generally as the gradient decreases the sediments become finer and merge with basin or trough muds and clays. Some canyon bot- toms support sediments of extremely high organic content, producing hydrogen sulfide and methane. The find of Listriolobus in Hueneme Canyon indicated that some shelf species descend to greater than normal depths wherever suitable sedimentary texture exists. Perhaps other species descend regardless of texture; they may be dependent on factors such as the availability of organic matter. The two variables, grain size and organic content, are usually complementary but the supply of organic matter to patches of fine sediment trapped on the coastal slope far from shore may be too low to support feeding by various organisms. Some species may ignore the steep thermal inclines in favor of adequate food supplies or ab- sence of competition. The lack of slope biological samples hinders the detection of other shelf species that descend only down canyons, but presumably a num- ber of taxa listed in Table 19 have descended to greater than normal depths in the canyons. Their maximum depths (within 10 m) on the coastal shelf are based on 348 samples. Some marked with asterisks are known to be associated with algae and may have been rafted down the canyon slopes. Insular shelves and slopes of the offshore islands have not been adequately sampled but a few samples from those places re- vealed species living at greater depths than on the mainland shelf, ap- No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 25 parently because the offshore waters are more transparent and algae live at greater depths than on the mainland shelf. Hence, the descent of the species indicated in Table 19 may have other causes than factors asso- ciated with a canyon environment. The ascent of bathyal species along canyon pathways cannot be de- termined because of sparse data on their occurrence in normal environ- ments of the slope. The shallowest known member of the bathyal fauna is Harpiniopsis fulgens, recorded at 128 m but extending to depths of 2000 m. This great eurybathicity suggests, however, the probability that the species normally occurs in shallow depths. Other harpinias do not occur in depths shallower than 300 m. The deep-sea species of 4m- pelisca, Byblis, Liljeborgia and Leptophoxus do not ascend to depths shallower than 400 m in these latitudes. Amphipod ecologists must note the unusual association of Ampelisca lobata and Paraphoxus abronius with plants, the former being espe- cially associated with intertidal surfgrass, perhaps inhabiting the in- terstices at the root level, and the latter almost always being associated with samples bearing masses of red algae (whether or not attached to the substratum is not known). The genus Listriella represents an interesting case that is linked to the Listriolobus situation. Mills (1962b) has published evidence that a species of Listriella on the Atlantic coast of America is a commensal with polychaetes, especially maldanids. In southern California Listriella is particularly associated with the Listriolobus community wherein maldanid polychaetes also are predominant. Three of the five species, Listriella albina, L. goleta and L. eriopisa, are confined primarily to fine-silt beds bearing Listriolobus and each species declines in frequency toward the edge of the coastal shelf, but is rather prominent in canyon samples. Listriella albina notably has a second area of maximum den- sity in the canyons in depths of 300 to 400 m (Table 20). Host-specific association between most listriellas and maldanids is not apparent in data of either canyons or the Listriolobus bed, although Listriella albina is strongly associated with Maldane sarst. Generally, samples con- taining any maldanids have several genera and species. At least 18 spe- cies of maldanids in 13 genera have been recovered in the canyons and two or more species of Listriella usually occur in maldanid samples. Occasionally samples having Listriella do not have maldanids. A single maldanid, Axiothella rubrocincta (see Barnard, 1964 and Reish, 1963), inhabits Bahia de San Quintin but it is not associated with 26 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Listriella melanica. On the other hand, the amphipod is strongly cor- related* with Pista alta (Terebellidae), suggesting that listriellas may also live in association with polychaetes of families other than Maldan- idae. DepTH DIsTRIBUTION OF THE AMPHIPODA IN THE CANYONS AND BASINS The known depth distributions of those species collected in the sub- marine canyons and basins have been arranged in Table 18. Extreme depths and mid-depths are quoted. The species are arranged in groups depending on their occurrence in shallowest water depth and in each group according to their greatest depth penetration. Only four species are restricted to water of less than 30 m in depth. The next group of species has minimum depths of less than 20 m, but occurs from 82 to 1941 m in maximum depth. There follows a group of species with minimum ranges of 21-100 m and then progressively groups of species with minimum depth extremes of 100, 200, 300, 400 m, etc. The largest group of species has its minimum depths between 0 and 20 m, but there is a surprisingly high percentage of the taxa demon- strating rather strong penetration to greater depths. Of the 64 species (Graph 12 and Table 21) occurring in waters of 0-40 m, only 13 are restricted to depths shallower than 100 m and 11 extend to depths ex- ceeding 500 m. A similar situation occurs in that group of species hav- ing minimum depths between 40 and 100 m (Graph 12). Only 3 of the 21 species are confined to waters of less than 100 m and 8 occur in depths greater than 500 m. Knowledge of the bathymetric ranges of species confined to depths exceeding 300 m is more imperfect than of those known from less, be- cause the distributions of the shallow water species are based on more than 400 shelf and upper slope samples that supplement the samples taken from the canyons and basins. Potentially, almost all of the coastal shelf species known in depths of 200 m or less might be found in the submarine canyons, at least in their shoreward parts. In this study, 92 species having depth ranges of 0-200 m on the shelf have been collected in the canyons, although 185 species are known to occur on the shelf in those depths. The density of sam- pling in the canyons has not approached that on the shelf, and probably *r = 0.432534, N= 91. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA a | Depth in Hundreds of Meters Graph 12. Extremes of known depth distribution of amphipod species collected in the submarine canyons and basins. Each bar represents a species or a group of species having similar depth ranges. In depths greater than 100 m the ranges are classed to the nearest 100 m. Shallower than 100 m the species are grouped in classes of 0 and 40 m. For instance, the first bar shows four species having depth ranges limited to 0-40 m. Bar 3 shows 12 species having ranges of 0-200 m. Bar 16 shows three species having depth ranges between 40 and 200 m. On the bars near the top of the graph are dots representing the depths at which the species have their highest densities. Bar 6 shows 8 dots, each representing the highest density for each of the 8 species having that depth range. On bars 1-5 most of the species have their densest populations in 0-10 m and a single dot represents those species. Thus, in bar 2, with 9 species, only 2 have their highest densities in depths exceeding 10 m. Insufficient data are available for species below bar 14. 25 of the 185 known shelf species are associated with subtidal algae. These amphipods may be carried into the heads of canyons only in asso- ciation with detached algae. COMPARISON OF THE FAUNAL CoMPOSITION OF CANYONS AND BASINS Wir THAT OF THE WorRLD BATHYAL ZONE Although bathyal depths have been defined as exceeding 200 m (Hedgpeth, 1957), I have used in the following treatment the depth of 28 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 300 m in order to exclude a large number of sublittoral species recorded sparsely from depths of 200-300 m. That depth is believed to be more significant for the upper limit of the bathyal fauna in the mid-latitude submarine canyons than is the 200 m depth, for at 300 m the first truly bathyal taxa, the harpinias, are found. The broader distribution of Amphipoda in the Pacific Ocean outside of southern California is poorly known. Only a few of the littoral and bathyal species that have been reported upon by Gurjanova (1938, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1962) from the northwestern Pacific, the Japan Sea, Okhotsk Sea and Bering Sea have been discovered in southern Cali- fornia, but a significant proportion of these occur in the north-eastern Atlantic (Table 22). As shallow water species are of no concern to this discussion, it com- mences with those species of Table 22 having median depths of 266 m or more. Westwoodilla caecula forma acutifrons (266 m) and the typical form represent the only members of this diverse boreal genus occurring as far south as southern California. The closely related, if not synony- mous, genus Bathymedon is diversified in southern California, but none of the known boreal species has been found there. Another oedicerotid genus, Monoculodes, has the species M. latissimanus and M. norvegicus present in southern California, but none of the other numerous boreal species is known to occur that far south, even in bathyal depths. Of the three species of boreal Bruzelia, only one, B. tuberculata, extends to southern California, although one new species is described and other new species are believed to occur in Cedros Trench material being studied at this time. Paraphoxus oculatus, the only species of that enormously diverse genus living in the northeastern Atlantic, occurs also in the Pacific Ocean. It submerges toward the tropics. In southern California waters its minimum recorded depth is 239 m. Except for Paraphoxus calcaratus and the reports herein of P. daboius, P. abronius, P. obtusidens and P. spinosus, all appearing to be abnormally displaced bathymetrically, Paraphoxus oculatus is the deepest dwelling member of the 44 species in the genus. Its wide range and eurybathicity may be connected with its presumed penetration from the Pacific to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean (see remarks by J. L. Barnard, 1958a) ; otherwise, Paraphoxus is con- fined to the western Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Oceans. Paraphoxus calcaratus is a shallow-water member of the northwest- ern Pacific fauna that submerges tropicwards in southern California, as, No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 29 unlike the other Californian species of Paraphoxus, it rarely occurs in shallow waters, having its minimum depth at 75 m. A subspecies, possibly an ecotype of the deepwater north Atlantic Leptophoxus falcatus, is a relatively important member of the bathyal southern Californian amphipod fauna. Urothoe varvarini, an haustoriid, is eurybathic in southern Cali- fornia, occurring between 31 and 1292 m, and members of its deeper populations are blind. Its distribution resembles that of its close rela- tive, U. elegans, a species found between 0 and 3100 m in the Atlantic Ocean but submerging towards the tropics. Several circumboreal species occur in southern California: Hippom- edon denticulatus, Ampelisca macrocephala, and those already dis- cussed — Westwoodilla c. acutifrons, Bruzelia tuberculata, Paraphoxus oculatus, and Leptophoxus falcatus. Possibly, with the records here ob- tained, one must also consider Haploops spinosa and Sophrosyne robert- soni as circumboreal. Cosmopolitan (or bipolar) species include Argissa hamatipes and possibly Nicippe tumida, both of which are eurybathic. The second record herein of Sophrosyne robertsoni in 70 years is an indication not only of the need for more sampling in the bathyal, but also of the rarity of the species or its concealment in a special habitat that is sampled only by accident. A mpelisca eoa is a shallow-water, north Pacific species submerging tropicwards in southern California, where its minimum depth is 210 m. Ampelisca furcigera is a deepwater north Pacific species extending south- ward as far as southern California at relatively similar depths in the bathyal. By excluding eurybathic species and any known to occur in depths of less than 100 m, one tallies 47 species of bathyal amphipods from south- ern California (Table 18), of which 8 have been reported outside of the northeastern Pacific. This sparse occurrence of extrinsic members of the fauna is artificial, for bathyal explorations in other parts of the Pacific are few. The systematic relationship of the bathyal fauna to the local sublit- toral fauna appears to be rather low. Indeed, many of the genera are different (Table 23). Only 9 of 27 genera are sublittoral in character, the remaining 18 genera occurring only in the bathyal. Of course, many of the “bathyal” genera exist in the sublittoral of the cold-temperate zone. ['wenty-nine of the bathyal species belong to bathyal genera, and 17 belong to sublittoral genera. I find no evidence of close morphological 30 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 2/ relationship to local sublittoral species for any of the 17 bathyal species belonging to littoral genera. This statement needs qualification by stat- ing the inability, at present, to trace relationships in such diverse genera as Ampelisca and Byblis, especially the latter in which interspecific differ- ences are minor. Except for Ampelisca and Paraphoxus and _ possibly Metopa, the other so-called sublittoral genera are poorly represented on the southern Californian coastal shelf and indeed are more diverse in the boreal. The boreal orientation of the bathyal fauna of southern California is seen especially in the genera Protomedeia, Monoculodes, Liljeborgia, Tryphosa, Schisturella, Bruzelia, Leptophoxus, Proboloides, Bathymedon, Sophrosyne, and Lepidepecreella. However, some of these genera also are well represented in the antiboreal, such as Liljeborgia, Tryphosa, Proboloides (subgenus Metopoides), and Lepidepecreella. Paroediceroides also has an antiboreal attitude, but one must question whether it is distinct from Monoculodes. Thrombasia, Tosilus and Coxo- phoxus are newly erected and their further distribution is unknown. The single species placed in Melphidippa is questionably assigned. PROSPECTUS Future studies on canyons might include the following: 1. Concentration of study on one canyon in greater detail than attempted in this survey. 2. Microtopography: use of undersea vehicles and focused-beam bathymetric sounding to chart microrelief of canyons (Buffington, 1964) in detecting areas for sampling of sediments and life. Presumably, the canyon axis has flat areas where fine sediments are trapped and organic content is therefore high; perhaps these are places in which coarse organic debris reaches stabilization after saltation. 3. Establishment of several semi-permanent undersea stations equipped with television for observation of sedimentary movements and biotic activities. A platform or observation chamber equipped with tele- vision, Current meters, salinometers, thermistors, sediment traps and other devices could be submerged into fixed position with the aid of a diving vehicle; recording devices might be self-contained or connected by cable to a shore station (several California laboratories are situated close to favorable study areas). 4. The study of currents is of first importance; perhaps the fixed benthic recording station could be equipped with a buoy suspended above it, to the cable of which are attached recording current meters at inter- NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 31 vals. Thus, benthic currents as well as areas of upwelling might be de- tected simultaneously. Epibenthic current meters would have to be paired to detect both horizontal and vertical motion. 5. A series of sediment traps at substrate level and above should be used to collect sediments for studies of depositional rates and accretion of organic matter. Traps might be attached to long flexible arms so that they could be positioned remotely adjacent to canyon walls or at the bases of declivities, on benches and in “plunge pools.” Large deep tubs of sediments devoid of metazoan life might be established and monitored for biotic succession. The seasonal variability and origin of settling lar- vae could be determined simultaneously. A series of standards might be developed that would indicate the stage of development of a specific sample, thus reflecting the temporal aspects of any previous environ- mental catastrophe. 6. Identification of the kinds and sources of organic debris. 7. Determination of the viability of those species that may be exist- ing vegetatively (non-reproducing organisms recruited from shallow water). 8. Establishment of an alarm system in supposedly active canyons for warning of turbidity flows so that post-catastrophic sampling and exploration by undersea vehicles could be undertaken to monitor the return of the fauna to climax conditions. SUMMARY 1. Soft bottoms in canyon heads, 15-100 m, have a more diverse algal-dwelling amphipod fauna than is found on the coastal shelf in the same depths, but the fauna is not identifiable with that from sand of either very shallow water (4-10 m), the coastal shelf (11-91 m), or the upper coastal slope (92-183 m), because it represents a mixture of ele- ments from those areas. Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, a common inhabitant of shelf and slope, is scarce. 2. In depths of 101-200 m the benthic amphipod fauna compares favorably with upper coastal slopes of 92-183 m and Paraphoxus bicus- pidatus occurs abundantly. 3. Although standing crop is erratic from sample to sample, there is a significant decrease between depths of 600 and 700 m from a level of 32 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 about 125 to about 20 g/m?. This marked decline corresponds with the occurrence of the oxygen minimum layer. 4. Four decreasing steps in the density of amphipod individuals occur in canyons, the first at 0-100 m (588 individuals/m?), the second at 101-500 m (54/m?), the third at 501-1000 m (14.7/m?), and the fourth at 1001-1600 m (2.8/m?). Below sill depths of the borderland basins, the average number of amphipods is 6.0/m?, except in the shal- low nearshore basins where only 1.2 individuals/m? are found, ap- parently in relationship to low dissolved oxygen in subsill waters. 5. There is little change in the faunal composition between the deeper ends of the submarine canyons and the subsill parts of the basins. So far only five amphipod species have been found in the basins that have not been collected in the canyons, although, because several basin sys- tems have greater bottom depths than the canyons, more species are to be expected when trawling with fine nets is undertaken. 6. Widespread and consistently deleterious effects of sediment movement within canyon axes have not been detected. Not all canyon samples have produced amphipods, but all have produced faunal elements of one kind or another. Hartman (1963) has reported on the occurrence of specifically impoverished, brackish and pollution-tolerant canyon faunas that probably result from the emergence of aquifers. 7. Specifically impoverished topical faunas, dominated in part by the amphipod Protomedeia articulata in Monterey Canyon, appear to be related to large quantities of organic debris that have settled en masse. The poor diversity indicates that a slump may have demolished the prior fauna and that Protomedeia and several species of polychaetes represent an early succession. 8. About half of the known coastal shelf Amphipoda have been collected in the shallow depths of the canyons and probably more are present. No faunal disparities except those mentioned in paragraphs 1 and 7 above have been detected that would indicate that canyons com- prise a special or a restrictive environment. This statement is supported by the broad spectrum of sediment types collected in the canyon axes. 9. Bathyal indicator species, especially the harpinias, occur at mini- mum depths of approximately 300 m in the canyons. 10. Several sublittoral Amphipoda seem to be abnormally displaced to great depths via canyon pathways. In some cases this displacement may NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 33 be connected with the descent of organic materials, especially detached algae, down the canyon axes. Until non-canyon slopes can be sampled, these displacements must remain figmentary, but the rather restricted depth distribution of these species on the coastal shelf suggest that they are abnormally displaced. 11. The shallowest nearshore basins support a large proportion of eurybathic species, suggesting an association between eurybathicity and tolerance to environmental stresses such as low oxygen values. Never- theless, only 9 species of amphipods have been collected in the nearshore basins. 12. Deeper offshore basins with oxygen values higher than the shallower nearshore basins have a more diversified amphipod fauna and fewer shelf species. 13. The bathyal amphipod fauna of southern California has little connection with the local sublittoral fauna. Apparently the bathyal mem- bers have been derived from cold-temperate sublittoral faunas that have submerged towards the tropics. 14. Seventy-two percent of the 109 samples of the coastal canyons can be divided into 4 major assemblages, based on the polychaetes Pecti- naria, Heteromastus, Maldane, and Lysippe. ‘The remaining samples are not allocated either because of mixing of dominants or the absence of dominants. A significant proportion of samples from deepwater (600 + m), is not assignable to Petersen-type communities because of the low densities of organisms, absence of clearly dominating species and the lack of subdominant indicator species. The Pectinaria and Heteromastus as- semblages are clearly related to each other through overlapping samples and tests of minimum faunal percentages. The Pectinaria (sensu stricto) samples may be further subdivided according to the presence of other subdominants: Capitella, Ancistrosyllis, Chloeia, Dentalium. A sketchy differentiation in a depth-sediment scheme can be demonstrated. The Pectinaria-Capitella association is confined largely to coarse sediments with wide depth range. The Pectinaria-A ncistrosyllis association is re- stricted to finely particulate sediments of shallow water. Fine sedi- ments of slightly deeper water support, in succession, the Pectinaria- Dentalium and Pectinaria-Chloeia associations followed by the Maldane complex. The Heteromastus association is scattered across the scheme from coarse to fine sediments in depths between 400 and 550 m, and below that depth the remaining samples are lumped into a Lysippe- Califia-A ricidea-T erebellides group that needs further study. 34 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The field work was made possible by a grant (G-9060) to the Allan Hancock Foundation by the National Science Foundation. My gratitude is extended to those persons and institutions listed by Hartman (1963). This paper was written during my tenure at the Allan Hancock Founda- tion 1957-1960 and at the Beaudette Foundation of California 1960- 1964, and I am indebted to those institutions for their support. Miss Jacqueline M. Hampton of the Beaudette staff prepared several of the figures and drafted all of the graphs. My thanks go especially to Dr. Olga Hartman and Dr. K. O. Emery for their aid and cooperation, and to Mrs. Dorothy M. Halmos and her staff of the Allan Hancock Li- brary for interlibrary loans and reference work. NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 35 TABLE 1 Some sedimentary characteristics of canyons and the coastal shelf. Canyons, 0-50 m Coastal shelf above axis 10-183 m 55 samples 348 samples Median of all Median diameters, mm 0.039 (0.059) * 0.059 (0.130) * Median point of percent Carbon 1.05: -<(12/6)* 0:53* *From Emery 1960, p. 181, Table 12, carbon computed in reverse from organic matter. TABLE Frequency of animal groups in depth classes of insular canyons, Coro- nado, Tanner and Catalina, compiled from data of Hartman (1963). Tabulated data represent individuals/m?. E n z g E g o a = a} 5 £ 3 g 3 s z ae o = £ ic 2 z $ a) o 3) = Oo 3 = 100 527. 1395 1S 76 2 1815 200 342 276 18 142 15 793 300 217 45 12 4] 11 326 400 336 138 17 46 6 543 500 112 581 33 120 11 857 600 S77 36 72 20 39 744 700 187 53 191 21 14 466 1000 232 48 22 39 16 357 1600 58 21 11 12 21 123 36 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 TABLE 3 Frequency of animal groups in depth classes of mainland canyons, Mon- terey, Hueneme, Mugu, Dume, Redondo axes, Newport and La Jolla, compiled from data of Hartman (1963). Tabulated data represent individuals/m?. & n 2 “ 2 a 3 8 = e 5 3 e E 5 = o S 5 S E = 3 al x ea = 'S) ) - 100 1590 aS tiluh 159 83 2016 200 1075 36 163 319 97 1690 300 379 9 67 38 2 505 400 602 29 38) Sy) 13 714 500 267 9 326 7A 9 399 600 130 10 28 56 17 241 700 87 8 38 5 7 145 1000 95 5 15 52 15 182 TABLE 4 Frequency of animal groups in depth classes of all canyons of California, except Santa Cruz Canyon (data incomplete), compiled from data of Hartman (1963). Tabulated data represent individuals/m?. g n g g g g 3 g 2 z S s 3 a E g : = o& pe aS | "Oo =| = = A < es = S) S) a 100 ley 366 157 130 61 2091 200 1738 164 191 298 72 2463 300 661 Z3 67 37 12 800 400 623 47 26 35 13 744 500 S14 44 160 43 10 569 600 229 25 SF 29 21 341 700 98 12 53 il 19 189 1000 144 13 19 28 13 2M7 1600 43 iS) 9 9 12 88 *Coastal shelf, 1424 BS 470 1352 125 3903 10-183 m *Based on 348 samples apportioned equally to depth classes and geographic zones, No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 37 TABLE 5 Communities of the coastal shelf of southern California, based on 348 samples apportioned to the 1061 square miles according to depth and geographic area. No. of dominant Percent occurrence occurrences in Name of community on shelf 142 canyon samples Amphiodia urtica 20.2 4 (islands) Nothria-T ellina 19.5 0 A mphiodia-Cardita 10.1 0 Listriolobus 6.6 2 Amphioplus SS) 1 Diopatra 4.3 1 Nothria-S piophanes 4.0 0 Chloeia-Pectinaria 4.0 4 A mphiodia-O nuphis 2.9 0 Onuphis 2.9 1 Amphiacantha 2.6 0 Amphiodia digitata il87/ 0 Tharyx 1.4 2 Amygdalum 1 0 Chaetopterus 0.9 0 Spiophanes missionensts 0.9 0 Pinnixa 0.9 0 Nothria iridescens-T ellina 0.6 0 Branchiostoma 0.6 0 Capitella 0.6 9 Sthenelanella 0.3 0 Pherusa-Onuphis 0.3 0 A mpelisca 0.3 0 Macoma 0.3 0 Sipunculus 0.3 0 O phiothrix 0.3 0 Dendraster 0.3 0 No community dominant (ees 38 38 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS TABLE 6 VOL. 27 The grouping of canyon samples according to their dominants with dis- tribution of species in the samples. Group Number Dominants Sample numbers Individuals/m2™ Pectinaria Dentalium Capitella Ancistrosyllis Chloeia Heteromastus Maldane sarsi Lysippe Nothria iridescens Spiophanes fimbriata Pista disjuncta Haploscoloplos Aricidea lopezi Related Samples 2 4 Pect. 5 6 Pect. Het. 7 Het. Mald. Lysip. 8 272 28 22) 46 1 3000 5046 6501 6822* 6845* 34 4 0 22 1 0 0 1 0 6 0 6780 6781 6899 7046 3164 5367 7030 7284+ 590 21 19 373 88 47 3 49 5006 5250 7029 7031 7038 Chie Chi 5639+ 2148 6815 2149 6909 6498 7160* 6499 7174 7160+ 7284+ 1 0 79) 6 293 +110 4 198 217) 48 0 0 0 4 43 1 4 0 1 6 2 0 2218 7523 2727 5505 5532 6816 5531 5688 6903 6910 5674 6900 7288 7289 5639+ 6497 6779 6821* 6850* 7028 7155 7729 33 4 6 2 0 2793 9 7047 7050 7051 7728 7041 Mixed Samples: 7032 and 3166 = Pectinaria & Heteromastus; 6819 = Pectinaria & Maldane * = island canyon sample +== in two communities (a) = for purposes of equating OPG and CG samples (b) = estimate (c) = largely one sample No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 39 TABLE. 7 Density of Amphipoda in basins off southern California. Number of amphipods Number of per m2 Sill Name of Basin Samples (to nearest 0.25) Depth, m 1. Santa Barbara 5 2.0 475 2. Santa Monica 26 0.0 131 3. San Pedro 72 2.0 (ST! 4. Santa Catalina 1p! 6.25 974 5. Santa Cruz 9 9.0 1085 6. San Nicolas 11 5.0 1106 7. Tanner 6 8.0 1165 8. West Cortes a 449) 1362 9. San Clemente 6 3.0 1816 10. East Cortes 3 10.0 1415 11. Long 3 7.0 1697 12. Velero 2 0 1902 Patton Escarpment 2 20.0 Shallow Basins (1-3) sR Deep Basins (4-12) 6.0 TABLE 8 The abundant species and genera of amphipods in the borderland basins of southern California. Number of individuals Name of species in the samples Heterophoxus oculatus 28 Harpiniopsis fulgens 16 Liljeborgia cota 8 Harpiniopsis epistomata 8 Coxophoxus hidalgo 6 Pardaliscella symmetrica 5 Har piniopsis emeryi 5 Name of genus Har piniopsis 40 A mpelisca 21 Heterophoxus 28 Byblis 9 Liljeborgia 8 Coxophoxus 6 Pardaliscella 5 40 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 TABLE 9 Amphipoda known from the basins but not from the submarine canyons. Harpiniopsis excavata, Bonnierella linearis californica, Sophrosyne robertsoni, Hirondellea fidenter, Lepidepecreella charno, Coxophoxus hidalgo, A mpelisca amblyopsoides. TABLE 10 Density of Amphipoda in relation to depth in submarine canyons of California. Depth class, m aance ose Ane se oe ornare 100 8 2.00 1176 55 588 200 23 8.50 873 60 103 300 20 8.50 374 46 +4 400 21 8.25 187 29 23 500 7a | 8.50 368 21 43 600 19 7.50 70 1S 9.3 700 17 ho 61 21 8.4 800 13 3.75 160 16 28 1000 9 4.50 76 20 iy 1600 5 2.50 7 6 2.8 10-100 (Shelf) 300 60.00 Ca. 150 695 3-10 100 10.00 250 TABLE 11 Abundant Amphipoda of the coastal shelf of southern California, 5-183 m, based on 348 samples, listed in rank, with number of individ- uals/m?. Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, 58; Ampelisca brevisimulata, 44; Hetero- phoxus oculatus, 31; Ampelisca cristata, 27; Paraphoxus abronius, 23; Metaphoxus frequens, 22; Photis brevipes, 21; Amphideutopus oculatus, 21; Ampelisca macrocephala, 17.3; Paraphoxus similis, 16.7; Para- No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 41 phoxus epistomus, 16.1; Paraphoxus obtusidens, 15.9; Paraphoxus sten- odes, 14.3; Aoroides columbiae, 14.0; Ampelisca pacifica, 13.6; Photis lacia, 12.0; Acuminodeutopus heteruropus, 12.5; Ampelisca pugetica, 10.8; Eurystheus thompsoni, 7.7; Listriella goleta, 7.3; Byblis veler- onis, 7.2. TABLE 12 Abundant Amphipoda of the coastal shelf and upper slope of south- ern California, 92-183 m, based on 48 samples, listed in rank, with number of individuals/m?. Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, 98; Ampelisca macrocephala, 84; Ampel- isca romigi, 45; Heterophoxus oculatus, 35; Metaphoxus frequens, 33; Photis lacia, 27; Ampelisca pacifica, 21; Phoxocephalus homilis, 19.0; W estwoodilla caecula & acutifrons, 15.6; Ampelisca brevisimulata, 13.4 ; Orchomene decipiens, 12.0; Nicippe tumida, 11.0; Ampelisca pugetica, 10.0; Protomedeia articulata, 9.6; Lysianassa holmesi, 9.2; Paraphoxus similis, 8.6; Paraphoxus robustus, 8.3; Urothoe varvarini, 8.1; Pardisy- nopia synopiae, 7.1; Lysianassa oculata, 6.5. TABLE 13 Abundant Amphipoda on bottoms of 2-5 m on the coastal shelf of southern California (after J. L. Barnard 1963, Table 16), with num- bers of individuals/m?. Phycophilous species are marked with asterisks. Paraphoxus epistomus, 55; Synchelidium spp., 2 species, 31; Mandi- bulophoxus uncirostratus, 30; Photis lacia, 25; Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, aberrant form, 25; Paraphoxus abronius, 9.7; Eohaustorius washing- tonianus, 9.5; Ampelisca compressa, 9.2; *Aoroides columbiae, 7.5; Monoculodes hartmanae, 4.9; *Ampithoe sp., 4.4; Paraphoxus variatus, 4.1; *Batea transversa, 4.1; Paraphoxus heterocuspidatus, 3.8; Ischyro- cerus pelagops, 3.0; *Photis spp. juveniles, 2.9; Photis brevipes, 2.7; Atylus tridens, 2.6; Megaluropus longimerus, 2.3; Paraphoxus jonesi, 2.0; Argissa hamatipes, 1.4; Ampelisca cristata, 1.0; Paraphoxus lucu- brans, 1.0; Tiron biocellata, 1.0; Acuminodeutopus heteruropus, 0.9; *Amphilochus picadurus, 0.6; Paraphoxus stenodes, 0.6; Paraphoxus obtusidens, 0.5; Ericthonius brasiliensis, 0.5; Parapleustes pugettensis, 0.5; Uristes entalladurus, 0.4; *Eurystheus thompsoni, 0.4; Cerapus tubularis, 0.4. 42 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 TABLE 14 Abundant Amphipoda in submarine canyons, 15-100 m. No. of individuals Name of species in 8 samples Ecological type * 4 oroides columbiae 197 A Parapleustes pugettensis 89 A *Paraphoxus stenodes is B *Paraphoxus epistomus 65 B *Photis brevipes 56 A *Listriella goleta 43 S *Paraphoxus obtusidens 41 B *Synchelidium sp. 32 B *Ampelisca cristata 32 r *4 mpelisca macrocephala 28 a Ischyrocerus pelagops 24 A *A mpelisca brevisimulata 23 a Paraphoxus fatigans 20 B Paraphoxus spinosus 19 B Ampelisca compressa 7 T Protomedeia articulata 14 sb A= algal dweller; B==burrower; T=pbuilder of tubes; S = ?maldanid com- mensal. * == a major shelf species. TABLE 15 Abundant Amphipoda in submarine canyons, 101-200 m. Species are listed in rank, with their numbers of specimens in 23 samples. Species also dominating slope depths of 92-183 m are marked with asterisks. See Table 12. *Heterophoxus oculatus, 118; *Metaphoxus frequens, 114; *Para- phoxus bicuspidatus, 107; *Ampelisca macrocephala, 72; *Phoxoceph- alus homilis, 67; * Orchomene decipiens, 34; *Photis lacia, 31; Maera danae, 30; *Paraphoxus similis, 30; *Westwoodilla c. acutifrons, 22; *Nicippe tumida, 16; Pachynus barnardi, 12; Photis brevipes, 10; Lis- triella eriopisa, 10; *Ampelisca pacifica, 10. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 43 TABLE 16 The most abundant Amphipoda in each depth regime of the submarine canyons, abstracted from Appendix I. See Table 14 for the depths of 15-100 m. No. of No. of specimens Depth, m samples Amphipod in the samples 100-200 23 Heterophoxus oculatus 118 Metaphoxus frequens 114 Paraphoxus bicuspidatus 107 Ampelisca macrocephala i2 Phoxocephalus homilis 67 Orchomene decipiens 34 Photis lacia 31 Maera danae 30 Paraphoxus similis 30 W estwoodilla c. acutifrons 27, 201-300 20 Heterophoxus oculatus 69 Ampelisca macrocephala 51 Phoxocephalus homilis 28 Maera simile 22 Ampelisca pacifica 16 301-400 PA Ampelisca macrocephala Sil Heterophoxus oculatus 33 Phoxocephalus homilis 18 Har piniopsis fulgens 13 401-500 Zi Paraphoxus calcaratus Be) Photis spp. juvs. 93 Paraphoxus obtusidens 48 Har piniopsis epistomata 26 Phoxocephalus homilis Ie Byblis ?veleronis 16 Heterophoxus oculatus 9 501-600 19 Har piniopsis epistomata 32 Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae 6 Byblis barbarensis Liljeborgia cota Har piniopsis epistomata 6 5 601-700 17 Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae Ze 7 Proboloides tunda | 44 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 TABLE 16 (Cont.) No. of No. of specimens Depth, m samples Amphipod in the samples 701-800 13 (Protomedeia articulata) ig Har piniopsis epistomata 16 oedicerotid i Harpiniopsis fulgens 5 Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae Byblis barbarensis Heterophoxus oculatus 4 4 4 801-1000 9 (Protomedeia articulata) 20 14 9 4 Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae (Paraphoxus dabotus) Har piniopsis epistomata 1001-1620 5 None Abundant TABLE 17 Percent of shelf (sublittoral) and slope (bathyal) species of Amphipoda in depth intervals of the canyons, from Appendix I. 15-100 56 54 0 2 0 101-200 60 56 Z 2 0 201-300 46 41 1 2 4, 301-400 29 21 4 3 1 401-500 2 Vif 7 3 0 501-600 iS) 5 2 1 0 601-700 20 7 12 1 0 701-800 16 7 8 1 0 801-1000 20 B 16 2 0 | 1001-1620 6 0 6 0 0 | No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 45 TABLE 18 Known depth distribution of Amphipoda recorded from submarine can- yons and basins of California. The species are arranged in successive groups according to their minimum depths, group one in depths of 0-20 m, group 2 in depths of 20-100 m, with succeeding groups in intervals of 100 m thereafter. Within each group the species are arranged by their mid-depths. Depth, m Name of species Minimum Maximum Mid-depth Ischyrocerus pelagops 0 24 12 Pseudokoroga rima 2 30 16 Megaluropus longimerus 9 27 18 Acuminodeutopus heteruropus 1 82 41 Synchelidium sp. G 2 89 46 Ampithoe mea 0 89 + Synchelidium rectipalmum 2 90 46 Parapleustes pugettensis 0 120 60 Atylus tridens 0 135 68 Monoculodes hartmanae 1 142 72 Amphideutopus oculatus 2 162 82 Synchelidium shoemakeri 0 168 84 Podocerus cristatus 0 171 86 Ericthonius brasiliensis 0 CA 86 Melita dentata 0 (north) Lan ONe 4 89 Eurystheus thompsoni 0 218 109 Maera simile 0 ZN 111 Ceradocus spinicaudus 0 (north) DON 111 Microdeutopus schmitti 0 221 it Ampelisca lobata 0 234 (2549) 117 Photis brevipes 0 266 133 Ampelisca compressa 1 330 (2676) 166 Maera danae 2 362 182 Gitanopsis vilordes 0 374 187 Aoroides columbiae 0 298 (374) 199 Paraphoxus obtusidens 0 459 230 Paraphoxus epistomus 0 507 254 Paraphoxus spinosus 2 519 261 Melphisana bola 15) 76 45 Paraphoxus variatus 5 93 49 Paraphoxus lucubrans 9 91 50 46 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 TABLE 18 (Cont.) Depth, m Name of species Minimum Maximum Mid-depth Photis bifurcata 11 93 52 Listriella melanica 12 97 55 Sympleustes subglaber 18 116 67 Paraphoxus heterocuspidatus 13 146 80 Lysianassa holmesi 11 167 89 O pisa tridentata 17 162 90 Photis lacia 11 180 96 Anonyx carinatus 15 180 98 A mpelisca milleri 15 187 101 Ampelisca hancocki 9 210 110 Stenothoides bicoma 15 218 117 W estwoodilla c. acutifrons 12 266 139 Paraphoxus abronius 9 274 142 Ampelisca cristata 6 310 158 Paraphoxus robustus 4 319 162 Paraphoxus stenodes 5 374 190 Pachynus barnardi 12 SHS, 193 Paraphoxus fatigans 12 385 199 Prachynella lodo 10 459 235 Ampelisca brevisimulata 16 456 236 Listriella goleta 12 459 236 Paraphoxus bicuspidatus 8 475 242 Ampelisca romigi 3 504 254 Metaphoxus frequens 13 496 255 Listriella eriopisa 11 560 286 Acidostoma hancocki 15 672 344 Listriella albina 16 TPA| 369 Ampelisca pugetica 9 765 387 Protomedeia articulata 18 906 462 Hippomedon denticulatus 0 924 462 Argissa hamatipes + 1096 550 Ampelisca macrocephala 5 1686 846 Heterophoxus oculatus 2 1941 972 Bathymedon roquedo 22 107 65 Garosyrrhoe bigarra 44 89 67 Paraphoxus tridentatus 55 89 72 Hippomedon tenax 88 88 Dexamonica reduncans 51 180 116 No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 47 TABLE 18 (Cont.) Depth, m Name of species Minimum Maximum Mid-depth Monoculodes emarginatus 55 200 128 Haploops spinosa 88 171 130 Photis macrotica 55 221 138 Metopella aporpis 84 218 151 Paraphoxus similis 31 324 178 Ericthonius diff ormis (hunter) 68 352 210 Byblis veleronis 31 422 (?786) 227 Orchomene pacifica 46 421 234 Ampelisca pacifica 24 496 247 Pardisynopia synopiae 53 496 215 Phoxocephalus homilis 62 644 353 Paraphoxus calcaratus is 689 382 Monoculodes norvegicus 20 786 403 Orchomene decipiens 35 : 793 414 Paraphoxus daboius yi 813 445 Urothoe varvarini Sit 1292 662 Har piniopsis similis hondanada 57 1298 678 Nicippe tumida 34 1367 701 A mpelisca macrocephala unsocalae 72 1687 880 Pardaliscella symmetrica 92 1749 921 Protomedeia prudens 121 121 Schisturella cocula 162 162 Thrombasia tracalero 167 167 Syrrhoe sp. WE Wa) Monoculodes perditus 177 177 Bruzelia tuberculata 121 565 343 Har piniopsis fulgens 128 2059 1094 Pardaliscoides fictotelson 218 218 Mesometopa neglecta roya 221 221 Ampelisca furcigera 210 (60 innorth) 384 297 Monoculodes glyconica 226 503 365 Paraphoxus oculatus (27) North 239 = 1135 685 Leptophoxus falcatus (56) North 249 2258 1255 Har piniopsis naiadis 338 976 657 Monoculodes latissimanus 344 1096 720 Har piniopsis epistomata Si 1626 999 48 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 TABLE 18 (Cont.) Depth, m Name of species Liljeborgia cota Har piniopsis emeryi Uristes californicus Harpiniopsis excavata Byblis bathyalis Melphidippa (?) amorita Proboloides tunda Ampelisca coeca Byblis barbarensis Bathymedon covilhani Oediceropsis elsula Ampelisca romigi ciego Bathymedon kassites Oediceropsis morosa Byblis tannerensis Ampelisca plumosa Oediceropsis trepadora Schisturella zopa Tosilus arroyo Harpiniopsis profundis Hirondellea fidenter Ampelisca amblyopsoides Ampelisca eoa Har piniopsis petulans Sophrosyne robertsoni Bonnierella linearis californica Metopa samsiluna Tryphosa index Coxophoxus hidalgo Bruzelia ascua Lepidepecreella charno Minimum Maximum Mid-depth 366 1821 1094 344 2702 1234 (420) 924 672 425 5110 2768 496 950 723 496 496 545 611 578 533 793 673 503 902 703 549 1533 1041 644 644 603 813 708 750 906 823 813 813 813 1138 976 813 1821 1317 875 1406 1141 914 914 976 976 (385) 976 MS 1056 1227 1227 1123 1481 1299 1135 (421 in north) 1833 1481 1265 1265 1298 1298 1292 1608 1450 1620 1620 1620 1620 1675 1675 1687 1687 | 1895 1895 NO. 5 TABLE 19 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 49 Amphipoda occurring in greater depths on canyon floors than on the coastal shelf. Species associated with plants are marked with an as- terisk (*). Apparent Maximum Known Coastal Shelf Canyon Name of Species Depth, m Depth, m *Atylus tridens 10 135 *Ceradocus spinicaudus 20 221 *Gitanopsis vilordes 30 374 *Paraphoxus abronius 40 274 Paraphoxus heterocuspidatus 30 146 Paraphoxus stenodes 50 374 *Photis bifurcata 50 93 Paraphoxus lucubrans 50 91 Paraphoxus variatus 50 93 Monoculodes hartmanae 50 142 Microdeutopus schmitti 60 221 Stenothoides bicoma 70 218 Paraphoxus epistomus 100 507 *A mpelisca lobata 100 DON A mpelisca cristata 200 310 TABLE 20 Frequency of Listriel/a in individuals/m? in various depth classes on the coastal shelf and in the canyons. Depth, m, on the coastal shelf 10 20 30 50 100 eriopisa 1.6 4.6 1.9 0.3 eZ goleta 40 163 14.4 3:0 0.4 albina 0.3 2 0.7 0 0.4 Depth, m, in the canyons 100 200 300 500 600 700 800 eriopisa 1.0 1 0.5 0 0.1 0 0 goleta 14.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 0 0 0 albina 0 0.3 15) 0 0.4 0 0.2 50 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 PABER 71 Number of species of Amphipoda per depth class in the canyons and basins of California. Based not only on direct collections, but imple- mented also by inclusion of the known depth range from all sources of the species collected in the canyons and basins. Depth Class, m 0-20 21-40 41-100 101-200 201-300 301-400 401-500 No. of species 64 64 81 76 74 Sil 44 501-600 601-800 801-1000 1001-1200 1201-1600 1601-—2000+ 35 34 Sil 25 18 16 ‘TABLE 22 List of Amphipoda discussed in this paper that are known from geo- graphic areas outside of the northeastern Pacific. Arranged in order of increasing median depth, from Table 18. Extrinsic Name of species Median depth, m Distribution Megaluropus longimerus 18 West Africa A mpithoe mea 45 NW Pacific Podocerus cristatus 86 Australasia Ericthonius brasiliensis 86 ‘Tropicopolitan Melita dentata 89 ?Circumboreal Haploops spinosa 130 NW Atlantic A mpelisca compressa 166 West Atlantic Maera danae 182 West Atlantic Ericthonius diff ormis 210 ?Circumboreal Paraphoxus obtusidens 230 NW & SE Pacific Orchomene pacifica 234 NW Pacific Paraphoxus epistomus 254 West Atlantic Paraphoxus spinosus 261 West Atlantic W estwoodilla caecula, forma acutifrons 266 NE Atlantic A mpelisca furcigera 297 Japan Sea Bruzelia tuberculata 343 NE Atlantic Paraphoxus calcaratus 382 NW Pacific Monoculodes norvegicus 403 ?Circumboreal Hippomedon denticulatus 462 NE Atlantic NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 51 TABLE 22 (Cont.) Extrinsic Name of species Median depth, m Distribution Argissa hamatipes 550 ?Cosmopolitan Urothoe varvarini 662 NW Pacific Paraphoxus oculatus 685 North Atlantic Nicippe tumida 701 ?Cosmopolitan Monoculodes latissimanus 720 North Atlantic A mpelisca macrocephala 846 Circumboreal Leptophoxus falcatus ssp. 1255 North Atlantic Sophrosyne robertsoni 1298 Firth of Clyde Bonnierella linearis ssp. 1450 Peru A mpelisca eoa 1481 NW Pacific TABLE 23 List of genera found in both the sublittoral and bathyal of southern California and the number of local bathyal species in each genus. Sublittoral-Bathyal Genera: Ampelisca (5), Byblis (3), Liljeborgia (1), Metopa (1), Monoculodes (2), Paraphoxus (1), Protomedeia (1), Tryphosa (1), Uristes (2). Bathyal Genera: Bathymedon (2), Bonnierella (1), Bruzelia (2), Coxophoxus (1), Harpiniopsis (7), Hirondellea (1), Lepidepecreella (1), Leptophoxus (1), Melphidippa (1), Mesometopa (1), Pardalis- coides (1), Oediceropsis (4), Proboloides (1), Schisturella (2), Soph- rosyne (1), Syrrhoe (1), Thrombasia (1), Tosilus (1). 52 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 SYSTEMATICS Data on depths and new records are not included because the sum- marized depth ranges may be found in table 18 for all species herein discussed. Station records are noted and the reader may find precise data for each station in Hartman (1963). Family AMPELISCIDAE Ampelisca amblyopsoides J. L. Barnard Ampelisca amblyopsoides J. L. Barnard 1960a: 24-25, fig. 4. Basin material: 6346(3). Slope material: 3030(1). Ampelisca brevisimulata J. L. Barnard A mpelisca brevisimulata J. L. Barnard 1954b: 33-35, pls. 23-24. Canyon material: 4851(4), 5006(1), 5367(13), 5960(2), 6899(2), 7030(1), 7031(8), 7038(1). Slope material: 3204(1). Ampelisca coeca Holmes A mpelisca coeca Holmes 1908: 515-516, fig. 24; J. L. Barnard 1960a: 25-26, fig. 5. Canyon material: 7047 (one specimen, 19 mm), 7050(1), 7051(1). Basin material : 2440(1). Slope material : 2369(1). Remarks: The large specimen of 7047 has uropod 1 as long as uro- pod 2, in contrast to J. L. Barnard’s review of the species. Ampelisca compressa Holmes Ampelisca compressa Holmes 1905: 480-481, fig.; Kunkel 1918 :66; J. L. Barnard 1960a: 31-32. Ampelisca vera J. L. Barnard 1954b: 23-26, pls. 14-16. Canyon material: 3000(1), 3180(1), 3385(1), 4851(5), 5367(15), 681223) "6821 (2) 70312). Slope material : 3204 (3), 2227(5), 2228(?1). Ampelisca cristata Holmes Ampelisca cristata Holmes 1908: 507-508, figs. 16-17; J. L. Barnard 1954b (incl. formae) : 26-29, pls. 17-18; J. L. Barnard 1959c: 18 (incl. formae). Canyon material : 4852 (30), 5367(1), 7031(1). Slope material: 2361(1). No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 53 Ampelisca eoa Gurjanova Ampelisca eoa Gurjanova 1951: 313-314, fig. 178; J. L. Barnard 1960a: 25. Ampelisca catalinensis J. L. Barnard 1954b: 7-9, pls. 1-2. Basin material : 2849 (1), 2850(1), 5938 (4), 6348 (2), 6350(1). Remarks: In the boreal Pacific ranging from 421 to 1000 m, in southern California from 1135 to 1833 m. Ampelisca furcigera Bulycheva Ampelisca furcigera Bulycheva 1936: 242-244, figs. 1-3; Gurjanova 1938: 256, fig. 4; Gurjanova 1951: 314-316, fig. 180; J. L. Barnard 1960a: 26-27, fig. 6. Slope material : 2227 (2), 2344(1), 2423(1), 3204(1). Remarks: In the boreal Pacific ranging from 60 to 386 m, in southern California from 210 to 384 m. Ampelisca hancocki J. L. Barnard Ampelisca hancocki J. L. Barnard 1954b: 37-38, pl. 26. Canyon material : 6803(5), 6846(1). Slope material: 3204(1). Ampelisca lobata Holmes Ampelisca lobata Holmes 1908: 517-518, fig. 25; Shoemaker 1942: 7; J. L. Barnard 1954b: 11-14, pls. 5-6 (with references). A mpelisca articulata Stout 1913: 639-640. Canyon material: 6805(3), 6806(2). Slope material : 2227(1), 2230( ?1). Ampelisca macrocephala Liljeborg Ampelisca macrocephala Liljeborg—Gurjanova 1951: 308-309, fig. 171; J. L. Barnard 1954b: 41-43, pl. 29; J. L. Barnard 1960a: 28. Canyon material : 3176(1), 3385(1), 4851(56), 4852(2), 6494(1), 6499(1), 6803(25), 6804(2), 6806(7), 6818(2), 6819(4), 6821(3), 6835(13), 6845(15), 6846(4), 6849(22), 6897(6), 6898(2), 6909? (5), 7038(5), 7039(4), 7044(1), 7045(2), 7135(1). Basin material: 2343(3). Slope material : 2227 (33), 2344(1), 3204(11). Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae J. L. Barnard Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae J. L. Barnard 1960a: 28-30, fig. 7. Canyon material : 5046(1), 6803(2), 6808(1), 6812( 28), 6820(2), 6830(1), 6833(13), 6836(3), 6909(3), 6911(14), 6912(1), 6915 (26), 6916(4), 7032(1), 7396(1), 7728( ?1). 54 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Basin and Patton Escarpment: 5937(1), 5938(1), 6348(3). Slope material: 2228(13), 2367(6), 2852(2), 3031(1), 5616(2). Ampelisca milleri J. L. Barnard Ampelisca milleri J. L. Barnard 1954b: 9-11, pls. 3-4. Canyon material: 6803(?1). Ampelisca pacifica Holmes Ampelisca pacifica Holmes 1908: 511-513, figs. 20-22; J. L. Barnard 1954b: 31-33, pls. 21-22. Canyon material: 4851(3), 6803 (4), 6806(12), 6836(2), 6845(3), 6846(4). Slope material : 2227(9), 3204(2). Ampelisca plumosa Holmes Ampelisca plumosa Holmes 1908: 509-510, fig. 18; J. L. Barnard 1960a: 30-31, fig. 8. Canyon material: 6833 (2). Basin material : 5937(3), 5938 (2), 6351(3). Ampelisca pugetica Stimpson Ampelisca pugetica Stimpson.—J. L. Barnard 1954b: 49-51, pls. 35-36; J. L. Barnard 1960a: 31, fig. 9. A mpelisca californica Holmes 1908: 513-515, fig. 23. Ampelisca gnathia J. L. Barnard 1954b: 46-48, pls. 33-34. Canyon material: 3180 (1), 6779 (2), 6803 (12), 6804 (3), 6806 (4), 6819 (4), 6821 (2), 6822 (1), 6836 (1), 6849 (1). Basin material : 2343 (3). Slope material: 2227 (7), 3204 (1), 7134 (1), 7135 (1), 7136 (1). Ampelisca romigi J. L. Barnard A mpelisca romigi J. L. Barnard 1954b: 18-20, pls. 10-11; J. L. Barnard 1960a: 34. A mpelisca isocornea J. L. Barnard 1954b: 20-21, pl. 12. Canyon material: 6804 (2), 6835 (2). Slope material: 2414 (1). Ampelisca romigi ciego, new subspecies (Figs. 1, 2) A mpelisca romigi J. L. Barnard 1954b: 18-20, pls. 10, 11. Diagnosis: Like the stem subspecies, but corneal lenses absent and the outer ramus of the third uropod less uncinate. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 55 Juvenile animals lack the notch on the anterior edge of article 5 of pereopod 5. Holotype: AHF No. 607, ?female, 9.5 mm. Type locality : Station 6833, Tanner Canyon, 32°-37/54’N, 118°-5’- 40” W, 813 m, January 29, 1960, bottom of green muddy sand. Canyon material : 6834(2), 6833(2). Ampelisca spp. Material: 5925(3), 5940(1), 5942(1), 5943(1), 6834(1). Genus Byblis Boeck Byblis—Stebbing 1906: 111-112. Remarks: Although Schellenberg (1931) had precedent in assign- ing B. subantarctica to Byblis because of the condition of B. anisuropa Stebbing (1908), I am transferring it to the genus Ampelisca and | believe that B. anisuropa also should be removed to 4 mpelisca. Since the early concepts of Ampelisca and Byblis based on Euro- pean faunas were formulated, several intergrading species have been discovered. Byblis differed from Ampelisca in the dense setation on the anteroventral edge of the lobe on article 2 of pereopod 5, between the ventral border and its juncture with the stem of the article. In addi- tion, article 6 of pereopod 5 was narrow and article 7 spiniform. An- other character of Byblis was the short, broad telson, never cleft more than halfway, whereas in Ampelisca the telson was elongated, deeply cleft and had tapering apices. Species such as those named above have been described and assigned to Byblis. They lack the full setation of pereopod 5 but bear the narrow sixth and seventh articles. Those spe- cies also have deeply cleft telsons of medium elongation and they should be transferred to Ampelisca, even though the sixth and seventh ar- ticles of pereopod 5 are typical of Byblis. They join a similar species, Ampelisca byblisoides K. H. Barnard (1925). This arrangement leaves Byblis with typical setation of pereopod 5 and a short telson cleft halfway or less. Byblis subantarctica is very closely related to and possibly synonymous with Ampelisca hemicryp- tops K. H. Barnard (1930). Key to Species of Byblis eo @ anneal lencesradlyse tt cs teen tsa O 28 ee Se ees ee Pe 2 Heai@anmeal lenses: presemtes cc es eee ee Scena 10 DiClett of telson ane ounthi.om 16sS 2 s..5 eos eae st eee 3 2. (Clett-ot telson. halfway orm Mave x nsoen2s 5S cee etn ns 5 3. Lateral cephalic lobe with ventral margin parallel to dorsalmarorn of Meads ee.) ee ooh eee eee cee ceylonica. 56 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 - Ventrolateralsnaraintot headvobliques = ss) 2 = eee + . Article 2 of antenna 1 about half as long as article 4 of antenna’ 2 (ic... ee ee ee abyssi . Article 2 of antenna 1 about as long as article 4 Of ‘anitennand Tae £0 ee ot OU A ae guernet . Antenna 1 extending beyond peduncle of antenna 2 ..............--.--- 6 . Antenna I as.short as peduncle of antenna 2 =e 8 . Article 5 of pereopod 3 with long posterior lobe, coxae 2-4 shorter than icoxav 2-4.) k ee Pe antarctica . Article 5 of pereopod 3 lacking posterior lobe, coxae 24as long as coxa Ison ee ee 7 . Antenna | scarcely exceeding peduncle of antenna 2, rami of uropod 3 multiserrate on facing (als FL AN ee Seay ee aCe Le Goes eet tannerensis, n. sp. (in part) 7. Antenna 1 nearly as long as antenna 2, uropod 3 with one serration on medial edge of outer ramus ................--- crassicornis S.rAntenna2, longerthans body -22.2 = barbarensis §. Antenna,Z shorter than body .= 1.5... 5:2 Sle ee g 9. Antenna | extending slightly beyond end of peduncle OL Anfeniia.?, «pee eh eee eee tannerensis, n. sp. (in part) 9. Antenna | scarcely exceeding article 4 of 2h 61d 14 0 eh ae ame et CaP Sue e ey eR mNE POR e TaN PY ys Bo minuticornis 10. Ventral pair of corneal lenses situated beneath lateral cephalic margin, not visible laterally, head bearing distinct rostrum nearly half as long as article 1 Obcantenna.| ly 822: 5 2 yoo Sey a ee ae eee securiger? 10. Ventral pair of corneal lenses situated on lateral cephalic surface, rostrum absent or very short ...........----.----------- 11 11. Article 5 of pereopod 2 four times as long as article 5. 5) 5. Epistome marked ventrally with distinct notch, coxa Oa ery Elaine CO sca ona aes ce ee eae cymba 5. Epistome not marked ventrally with distinct notch, COxa0) enarcower than coxa) esc. 3 eel ee ctenophora Lepidepecreella charno, new species (Fig. 17) Diagnosis: Rostrum short; article 6 of gnathopod 1 longer than ar- ticle 5; epistome not marked ventrally with notch; posterior lobe of article 4 on pereopods 3 and 4 only half as long as article 5, this lobe on pereopod 5 as long as article 5; coxa 5 broader than coxa 6; third pleonal epimeron with serrate posterior edge, lacking distinct tooth at posteroventral corner ; telson evenly convex apically. Holotype: AHF No. 5911, female, 4.5 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 6091, San Clemente Basin, off Baja Calli- fornia, 32°10’30” N, 117°57’10” W, 1895 m, January 14, 1959. Relationship: Differing from both L. cymba and L. ctenophora in the short posterior lobe of article 4 on pereopod 3, from L. cteno- phora by the broad coxa 5 which in that species is narrower than coxa 6, from L. emarginata in the convex telson and long sixth article of gnathopod 1, from L. ovalis in the short rostrum and lack of a tooth on the third pleonal epimeron and from L. bidens in the linear, un- produced second article of pereopod 3. Lysianassa holmesi (J. L. Barnard), new combination Aruga holmesi.—J. L. Barnard 1955b: 100, pls. 27-28; J. L. Barnard 1959c: 18; Gurjanova 1962: 299-301, figs. 98-99. Canyon material : 3385(11). Slope material: 2789(1). Lysianassa oculata (Holmes), new combination Aruga oculata Holmes 1908 : 505-507, figs. 14-15. Lysianopsis oculata.—Hurley 1963: 74, fig. 21c (with references). Canyon material: 4852(1), 5367(3), 6846(2). 70 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Opisa tridentata Hurley O pisa tridentata Hurley 1963: 26-30, figs. 4, 5. Canyon material: 5960(2). Orchomene decipiens Hurley, new combination Orchomenella decipiens Hurley 1963: 127-130, figs. 43, 44. Canyon material: 2192(1), 4846(1), 4851(2), 5114(4), 5676(1), 6780(1), 6781(17), 6845(4), 6846(1), 7038(1), 7047(1), 7174(1), 7284(4). Slope material: 2789(2). Orchomene pacifica Gurjanova, new combination Orchomenella pacifica Gurjanova 1938: 252-254, fig. 3; Gurjanova 1951: 287, fig. 155; Gurjanova 1962: 174-177, figs. 52, 53. Canyon material: 7038(5), 7044(1). Slope material : 2843(1). Pachynus barnardi Hurley Pachynus barnardi Hurley 1963: 31-35, figs. 6, 7. Canyon material: 3385(2), 4851(1), 5367(1), 5960(4), 6499(1), 6835(1), 6845(2), 6898(1), 6909(1), 7029(1), 7054(1), 7174(1). Slope material: 2361(1). Prachynella lodo J. L. Barnard Prachynella lodo J. L. Barnard 1964b: 233, fig. 7. Canyon material : 6804(1), 6822(2), 7038(2), 7044(1). Pseudokoroga rima J. L. Barnard Pseudokoroga rima J. L. Barnard 1964c: 95-99, figs. 14-17. Canyon material: 4852(2). Schisturella Norman Schisturella Norman 1900: 208 Diagnosis: Mouthparts arranged in a quadrate bundle; mandible with a distinct, non-dentate cutting edge, strongly triturate molar, palp attached level with molar; maxilla 1 with biarticulate palp; gnathopod 1 subchelate or nearly simple; telson cleft more than one-fourth of its length; coxa 1 very small, largely hidden by coxa 2, about half as long as article 2 of gnathopod 1; branchiae pleated on one side; upper lip lobately produced in front of epistome; inner ramus of uropod 2 with deep marginal incision. Type species: Tryphosa pulchra Hansen. Qi NO. BARNARD: AMPHIPODA V4 Remarks: Both Dahl (1959) and J. L. Barnard (1961b) have dis- cussed or given keys to the ambasialike lysianassid genera. Barnard erred in his assignment of 4 mbasiopsis robustus, which should be trans- ferred to Schisturella (=S. robusta (Barnard)). Dahl’s Schisturella galatheae should be transferred to Neoambasia, temporarily. That spe- cies has a long first coxa and lacks a notch on the inner ramus of uropod 2. Dahl’s species differs from N. tumicornis by the well-devel- oped spines on the outer plate of maxilla 1. Schisturella is also characterized by a short, subconical, posterior process on the third article of antenna 2, which in one new species to follow is obsolescent. Lakota rotundata (K. H. Barnard, see J. L. Barnard 1962d) keys to Neoambasia but it differs from that genus as does S. galatheae in the well-developed spines on the outer plate of maxilla 1 and in the con- striction on the inner ramus of uropod 2. I retain that species in Lakota (=Anonyx) but one must note its transition to Neoambasia and the probability that it is a member of the genus Pseudonesimus Chevreux. The latter genus may be synonymous with Schisturella. Chironesimus has been fused with Anonyx by Gurjanova (1962) and the genus Lakota Holmes revived to include C. rotundata. As noted elsewhere, this is a course difficult to put into practice. Hurley (1963) has wisely included Lakota with Anonyx. Key to Species of Schisturella 1. Third pleonal epimeron with tooth at posteroventral BVT i cige the Le At RGN DEE Vea ide ne 0 gtk Sa ae Sn en 2 1. Third pleonal epimeron rounded-quadrate posteriorly ............-.------ 3 2. Eyes present, palm of gnathopod 1 very oblique, PSG LESCO Iie re See ce et ee ee a Pr LT cocula, n. sp. 2. Eyes absent, palm of gnathopod 1 transverse ...........--------- zopa, N. Sp. 3. Palm of gnathopod 1 subtransverse, distinct from posterion marein iof, article,16;' eyes:absent::..2 -<:-::.2.-tee---8.----- robusta 3. Palm of gnathopod 1 very oblique, barely distinct from posterior margin of article 6, eyes TDTCSC ise eats cat kk ee Se Le one PR ee oe pulchra Ambasiopsis robustus J. L. Barnard (1961b) is removed to Schisturella, becoming S. robusta (Barnard). Schisturella galatheae Dahl (1959) is removed to Neoambasia. 72, ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Schisturella cocula, new species (Figs. 18, 19) Diagnosis: Third pleonal epimeron with posteroventral tooth; palm of gnathopod 1 scarcely distinct from posterior margin of article 6; lobe of upper lip tapering ; eyes present. Holotype: AHF No. 589, male, 6.7 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 5996, off Pt. Conception, California, 34°-23’-05” N, 120°-26’-45” W, 162 m, December 16, 1958. Remarks: Tubular accessory gills are present on coxae 5 and 6. Schisturella zopa, new species (Fig. 20) Diagnosis: Third pleonal epimeron with a tooth at the postero- ventral corner; palm of gnathopod 1 transverse; lobe of upper lip taper- ing ; eyes absent. Holotype: AHF No. 5413, ?male, 2.9 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 2847, Catalina Canyon, 33°-22’-30’N, 118°-36'-38”W, 914 m, June 23, 1954. Remarks: Gills were not satisfactorily analyzed. The process on the third peduncular article of antenna 2 is obsolescent. An aesthetasc but not a spine is present on the distal end of article 1 of the first an- tennal flagellum. Sophrosyne robertsoni Stebbing and Robertson (Figs. 21, 22) Sophrosyne robertsoni Stebbing and Robertson 1891: 31-34, pl. 5A; Stebbing 1906: 21-22. Basin material : 6832 (2), Tanner Basin, 1298 m. Remarks: The crucial identifying characters of this species, forming a combination distinct from the other two species of the genus, 8. his- pana (Chevreux) and S. murrayi Stebbing, are as follows: the shape of gnathopod 2, the furnishment of its palm with tasseled setal bun- dles, the shape of the third pleonal epimeron with a narrow but long posterior tooth, the dorsal configuration and lateral ridges of urosomite 1, the poor ventral extension of article 2 on pereopod 5, and the short cleft of the telson. Dim brownish-purple lateral spots may form the ves- tigial eyes, although Stebbing and Robertson did not perceive eyes. This is the first record of this strange genus since the original descriptions of the three species in 1887, 1888 and 1891. Thrombasia, new genus Diagnosis: Basal articles of both flagella on antenna 1 elongated ; upper lip very strongly lobate in front; molar of mandible rather weak, No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 73 palp attached level with molar, article 3 about 70 percent as long as ar- ticle 2; inner plate of maxilla 1 with 2 apical setae, outer plate with long, well-developed spines; lobes of maxilla 2 not gaping, similar in shape; outer plate of maxilliped with small, imbedded medial spines, apex with 2 large spines; gnathopods 1 and 2 with transverse palms; coxa 1 not greatly shortened, triangular, as long as article 2 of gnathopod 1, partially hidden by coxa 2; inner ramus of uropod 2 in- cised ; uropod 3 with biarticulate outer ramus; telson cleft halfway. Type species: Thrombasia tracalero, new species. Relationship: According to the review of ambasia genera by Dahl (1959), this genus comes close to Neoambasia Dahl (1959) (type Ambasiopsis tumicornis Nicholls 1938) ; but considering the degree to which ambasia genera have been fragmented and the numerous weakly developed characters distinguishing the present species from N. tumi- cornis, it becomes necessary to erect still another monotypic genus to re- ceive it. From Neoambasia the new genus differs in the much more strongly produced upper lip, the elongated basal articles on both flagella of antenna 1, the weakly developed mandibular molar, the well-devel- oped spines on the outer plate of maxilla 1, and the constriction on the inner ramus of uropod 2. The long first coxa distinguishes the genus from Ambasia, Schisturella, and Metambasia; the subchelate first gnathopod, produced labrum and mandibular palp location distinguish it from Ambasiella; the presence of spines on the outer plate of the maxilliped and the weak mandibular molar distinguish the genus from A mbasiopsis. Thrombasia tracalero, new species (Figs. 23, 24) Diagnosis: With the characters of the genus. Description: Eyes absent; lateral cephalic lobes stongly projecting and subacute; second pleonal epimeron slightly produced at posteroven- tral corner; third pleonal epimeron with large but not elongated pos- terior tooth. Holotype: AHF No. 5414, male, 4.5 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 2789, slope of Santa Monica Basin, 33°- 49’-59’N, 118°-34'-05”W, 167 m, May 22, 1954. Tryphosa index, new species (Fig. 25) Diagnosis: Lateral cephalic lobes large, strongly projecting, sub- acute apically, eyes pale straw-colored in alcohol, large, composed of numerous hexagonal cells; epistome large, broadly rounded in front; 74 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOLS2/ third pleonal epimeron with straight, unserrated posterior edge and small tooth at ventral corner; urosomite 1 with upright acute carina. Mouthparts like JT. sarsi (=T. nana Sars 1895: pl. 27, fig. 1) except outer plate of maxilliped as shown herein. Branchiae attached to coxae 5 and 6, each with a tubular accessory gill. Holotype: AHF No. 604, male, 6.5 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 6840, San Clemente Rift Valley, 32°-44’- 35”N, 118°-12’-43”W, 1620 m, January 30, 1960. Relationship: Closely related to T. trigonica (Stebbing 1888: pl. 9) but differing from it in the presence of faint eyes, in the tooth of third pleonal epimeron being smaller and more distinctly separated from the posterior margin, and in the posterior lobe of pereopod 5 being nar- rowed distally. The new species may prove to be a race of T’. trigonica. Tryphosa propinqua Chevreux (1926) is similar to T. index but its epistome is less strongly produced and the cephalic lobes are apically rounded, not subacute. Uristes californicus Hurley Uristes californicus Hurley 1963: 91-96, figs. 27-29. Canyon material: 6836(2). Family MELPHIDIPPIDAE Melphidippa (?) amorita, new species (Fig. 26) Description: This specimen has the aspect of a melphidippid but its two most important parts, the antennae and uropod 3, are missing. It cannot be firmly relegated to the Melphidippidae and, because of the telson, it cannot be assigned to Me/phidippa; until its missing parts are discovered, the species is of provisional assignment. Characters relating it to Melphidippidae: eyes bulging; coxae very short, but unlike other melphidippids the last three coxae are not bi- lobed ; mouthparts all like Melphidippa; gnathopods and pereopods elon- gated, gnathopods slender and poorly subchelate; pleonites 1-5 each with a long dorsal tooth, marginal serrations present on pleonal epim- era 1-4; uropods 1-2 elongated and with shortened outer rami. Telson rather short, the short cleft forming gaped bilateral, acute lobes, not characteristic of other melphidippids. Holotype: AHF No. 6012, female, 6.4 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 6836, Tanner Canyon, 32°-36’-00”’N, 119°- 05’-18”W, 496 m, January 29, 1960. | | No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 75 Melphisana bola J. L. Barnard Melphisana bola J. L. Barnard 1962b: 81-83, fig. 7. Canyon material: 7031(1). Family OEDICEROTIDAE Bathymedon covilhani J. L. Barnard (Fig. 27) Bathymedon covilhani J. L. Barnard 1961b: 85, fig. 53. Canyon material: 6820(1), 6831(1). Basin material: 6344(1), 6810(1). Remarks: Although the epistome appears to be somewhat more pro- duced than in the Panamanian type specimen, the gnathopods, telson, head and pereopod 3 relate the present specimens to the original ma- terial. The retention of antenna 1, missing in the type specimen, permits its description: article 3 is as long as article 2 and longer than article 1. This discovery shows the relationship of B. covilhani to B. gorneri Gurjanova (1951). The two species may prove to be either identical or races of a single stem. Gurjanova’s Bering Sea species should be ex- amined for the condition of its epistome. In comparison to B. gorneri, Bathymedon covilhani has more strongly notched distal ends of article 5 on the gnathopods, a less projecting mandibular molar, a more slender first mandibular palp article, a shorter fourth article of the maxillipedal palp, and a convexly projecting telsonic apex. Bathymedon kassites, new species (Fig. 28) Diagnosis: Eyes practically obsolete, formed of granular material in the rostrum and dorsal cephalon, rostrum very small, anterior edge of head below antennal corner nearly vertical; articles 5 and 6 of gnatho- pods subequal in length; posterior lobes on fifth articles of gnathopods strongly projecting, lobe on gnathopod 2 sharper, palms longer than posterior margins of sixth articles; peduncle of antenna 1 intermediate in length between that of B. candidus and that of B. palpalis (see J. L. Barnard 1961b), article 3 much shorter than article 1; coxa 1 produced forward but not greatly; pereopods 3-4 with article 2 slender; pleonite 4 unarmed ; telson apically rounded, bearing two very stout spines. Holotype: AHF No. 5918, female, 3.2 mm. Type locality: Station 6494, Monterey Canyon, California, 36°- 46’-58” N, 121°-55’-56”W, 750 m, October 3, 1959. Canyon material : 6490(1), 6494(7). Relationship: This species resembles B. candidus J. L. Barnard 76 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 (1961b) in the nearly vertical cephalic margin below the antennal cor- ner and the long palms of the gnathopods, but differs in the longer pos- terior lobes on the fifth articles of the gnathopods and in the armament of the telson being composed of two stout spines, instead of several slender setae. It is related to B. ivanovi Gurjanova (1952) but differs in the stoutness of the telsonic spines and the longer posterior lobes on the fifth articles of the gnathopods. From B. palpalis K. H. Barnard (1916, and see J. L. Barnard 1961b) this species differs in the rounded, not emarginate telson, but has the two stout spines typical of B. palpalis. Antenna 1 of the new spe- cies is slightly shorter, the first coxa is less strongly produced forward and the posterior lobe of article 5 on gnathopod 2 is larger than in B. palpalis. Bathymedon roquedo J. L. Barnard Bathymedon roquedo J. L. Barnard 1962e: 354, fig. 2. Canyon material: 2725(1). Monoculodes emarginatus J. L. Barnard Monoculodes emarginatus J. L. Barnard 1962e: 361-363, fig. 4. Canyon material: 6845(2). Monoculodes glyconicus J. L. Barnard Monoculodes glyconica J. L. Barnard 1962e: 363, fig. 5. Canyon material: 7288 (1). Slope material: 2843 (3). Monoculodes hartmanae J. L. Barnard Monoculodes hartmanae J. L. Barnard 1962e: 363-365, figs. 5-7. Canyon material: 4852(1), 7031(2), 7044(1). > Monoculodes latissimanus Stephensen (Fig. 29) Monoculodes latissimanus Stephensen 1931a: 244-245, fig. 70; Gur- janova 1951: 585, fig. 392. Canyon material: 2190(1), 6819(4). Remarks: These specimens, although as badly broken as the type or more so, mostly lacking ends of pereopods, antennae and uropods, fit Stephensen’s description in gnathopods, telson, and head, although the rostrum is slightly longer. In this regard they call attention to the even closer relationship between M. latissimanus and M. abacus J. L. Barnard (1961b) than that noted by Barnard, although the telson re- mains distinctive for M. latissimanus. It may prove necessary to regard these species as races, thereby demonstrating a common distribution of No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA TE bathyal forms as widely separated as the north Atlantic and the Tas- man Sea. Monoculodes norvegicus (Boeck) Monoculodes norvegicus (Boeck).—Sars 1895: 301-302, pl. 107, fig. 1; Stebbing 1906: 265-266; Shoemaker 1930: 67; Stephensen 1931a: 247; Stephensen 1938: 228-229; Stephensen 1940: 39; Gurjanova 1951: 582-583, fig. 389; J. L. Barnard 1962e: 367. Canyon material: 7044(1), 7728(1). Basin material: 2439(1). Monoculodes perditus, new species (Fig. 30) Diagnosis: Rostrum medium in length, slightly deflexed, reaching end of article 1 of antenna 1, tapering acutely; lateral cephalic lobes short, obtuse; eye(s) very pale; largely located on rostrum, anterior edge of eyes about one third back on rostrum; dactyls of pereopods 1 and 2 as long as sixth articles; coxa 4 with straight, unproduced pos- terior margin; gnathopods stout, palm of gnathopod 1 longer than pos- terior margin of article 6, article 5 with stout, medium-sized lobe; ar- ticle 6 of gnathopod 2 intermediate between slender and stout, palm and posterior margin of article 6 subequal, article 5 with posterior lobe of medium length and slenderness, reaching to defining corner of palm and facing posterior edge of article 6; all pleonal epimera rounded at corner; telson slightly emarginate distally. Notes: Head of larger male damaged and restored as accurately as possible in the drawing; head of holotype undamaged as drawn; only one fifth pereopod is present and it probably has abnormally stunted ar- ticles 5-7. Holotype: AHF No. 6014, male, 2.9 mm. Type locality: Station 6845, Coronado Canyon, California, 32°-30’- 16”N, 117°-16’-50”W, 177 m, February 1, 1960. Material: 2 specimens from the type locality. Relationship: This species differs from M. coecus Gurjanova (see 1951) in the much stouter articles 5 and 6 of gnathopod 2. From M. diamesus Gurjanova (see 1951), M. perditus differs in the non-acute, obtuse, lateral cephalic lobe, the larger lobe of article 5 of gnathopod 1, the shorter posterior margin of article 6 of gnathopod 1, and the longer posterior lobe of article 5 on gnathopod 2. From M. minutus Gurjanova it differs in the emarginate telson and shorter posterior lobe of article 5 on gnathopod 1. M. perditus bears resemblance to M. latimanus (Goés) (see Sars 1895: pl. 108) but differs in the much longer dac- tyls of pereopods 1 and 2 and the emarginate telson. 78 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Oediceropsis (Paroediceroides) Schellenberg, 1931 Paroediceroides, as stated by J. L. Barnard (1961b), is closely re- lated to Oediceroides Stebbing, differing mainly in the posteriorly pro- duced coxa 4; in this regard it is also related to some species of Mono- culodes Stimpson, that genus intergrading with Oediceroides in the con- figurations of the gnathopods. In addition, Paroediceroides trepadora Barnard (1961b) has affinities with Oediceropsis Liljeborg (see Sars 1895: pl. 114). Barnard (1961b) erred in his key to the Oedicerotidae, as Oediceropsis does possess a posteriorly produced coxa 4. Barnard mentioned that the mouthparts of P. trepadora were like those of Oediceropis. That genus has been described as having lateral eyes; Schellenberg (1931) described Paroediceroides as having eyes fully fused. Pareoediceroides trepadora lacks eyes, and might be assigned to either genus. Paroediceroides should be reduced to subgeneric status under Oediceropsis; by disregarding eyes, the subgeneric differences may be denoted as the presence of a swollen first article of antenna 2 in Oediceropsis and a small unswollen first article in Paroediceroides. Oediceropsis (Paroediceroides) elsula, new species (Fig. 31) Diagnosis: Rostrum very short, reaching about a third of the way along article 1 of antenna 1; lateral cephalic lobes exceeding rostrum in forward extent, rounded; eyes absent; posterior lobe of article 5 of gnathopod 1 short and blunt; telson truncated; coxa 1 with rounded anteroventral corner ; process of coxa + blunt. Uropod 3 missing. Holotype: AHF No. 6015, female, 3.6 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 6837, Tanner Canyon, California, 32°-34'- 36”N, 119°-02’-48” W, 644 m, January 29, 1960. Relationship: This species differs from Oediceropsis trepadora (J. L. Barnard 1961b) and O. morosa, n. sp., in the very short rostrum. It dif- fers from Oediceropsis brevicornis Liljeborg (see Sars 1895: pl. 114) in the lack of eyes, the unswollen first article of antenna 2 (a sub- generic difference) and the longer first antenna. Oediceropsis proxima Chevreux (1908) also lacks eyes. The new species may not be distinct from O. proxima although coxa 4 is bluntly and not acutely produced and the posterior lobe of article 5 on gnathopod 2 is shorter and blunter. Oediceropsis sinuata Schellenberg (1931) has fused eyes and an emarginate telson, among other characters of distinction. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 79 Oediceropsis (Paroediceroides) morosa, new species (Fig. 32) Diagnosis: Rostrum slender, acute, reaching two thirds along ar- ticle 1 of antenna 1; lateral cephalic lobes not projecting as far for- ward as rostrum, subacute; eyes absent; posterior lobes of fifth articles of gnathopods projecting but only moderately slender; pereopods 1 and 2 with very slender articles; telson truncated; coxa 1 with trun- cated anteroventral corner; coxa 4 with posterior process blunt. Uro- pod 3 missing. Mouthparts like Oediceroides rostrata (Stebbing 1888: pls. 60, 61, as O. conspicua)but inner lobe of maxilla 1 with only 2 setae. Holotype: AHF No. 6016, female, 5.5 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 6833, Tanner Canyon, 32°-37'-54"N, 118°- 58’-40”W, 813 m, January 29, 1960. Relationship: This species differs from Oediceropsis trepadora (J. L. Barnard 1961b) in the anteriorly truncate first coxa. Oediceropsis (Paroediceroides) trepadora (J. L. Barnard), new combination (Fig. 33) Paroediceroides trepadora J. L. Barnard 1961b: 96, fig. 64. Material : 6839, male, 5.0 mm. Remarks: This specimen corresponds to that figured by Barnard in all characters except pereopod 4 which has a more slender article 2. From lateral view the cephalic lobe seems sharper but further rotation of the head shows that the lobe fits the figure of Barnard; it is shown herein in a subsidiary figure. Mouthparts are like those of Oecdiceropsis brevicornis Liljeborg (Sars 1895: pl. 114). Synchelidium sp. G, var. Canyon material: 5006(1), 6803(15). Synchelidium rectipalmum Mills Synchelidium rectipalmum Mills 1962a: 17-19, figs. 5, 6B. Canyon material: 4852(6). Synchelidium shoemakeri Mills Synchelidium shoemakeri Mills 1962a: 15-17, figs. 4, 6A. Canyon material: 4852(9), 6499(1). Synchelidium spp. Canyon material : 6835(2), 7031(1), 7039(1). 80 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Westwoodilla caecula forma acutifrons Sars Halimedon Miilleri Boeck.—Sars 1895 : 327-329, pl. 115. Westwoodilla caecula (Bate).—Enequist 1950: 333-338, figs. 40-56; Gurjanova 1951: 541-543, fig. 357: (coecula, sic); Mills 1962a: 5-9, figs. 1, 6A. Flalimedon acutifrons Sars 1895 : 329-330, pl. 116, fig. 1. Canyon material: 5960(11), 6821(1), 6845(9), 6846(1), 7043(1), 7174(2), 7285(1). An unidentifiable specimen of Westwoodilla was col- lected at basin station 2439. Slope material: 2789(5), 3204(7). Family PARDALISCIDAE Nicippe tumida Bruzelius Nicippe tumida Bruzelius.—Sars 1895: 410-411, pl. 144, pl. 145, fig. 1; Stephensen 193la: 215-216, chart 38; Enequist 1950: 325-326, figs. 14, 15; Gurjanova 1951: 509-510, fig. 333; J. L. Barnard 1959b: 39-40, figs. 1, 2. Canyon material: 4851(4), 5505(2), 6845(4), 6849(1), 6854(8), 7039(1), 7174(14), 7285(2). Basin material : 5929(1), 6828(1). Slope material : 2789(1). Pardaliscella symmetrica J. L. Barnard Pardaliscella symmetrica J. L. Barnard 1959b: 40-42, figs. 3, 4. Canyon material : 6837 (1), 6845(1), 7038(1). Basin material : 5933 (1), 6340(?1), 6341(?1). Pardaliscoides (?) fictotelson, new species (Fig. 34) Diagnosis: Telson cleft about one-fourth of its length, most of the cleft formed by a deep and broad terminal emargination separating telsonic apices broadly, remainder of cleft very narrow and forming a short incision, each apex of telson with at least one long seta; rami of uropod 3 subfoliaceous and not more than twice as long as peduncle; each pleonal epimeron with a tooth at posteroventral corner, tooth of second epimeron longest; urosomites 1 and 2 each with a posterodorsal crestlike tooth. Holotype: AHF No. 5921, male, 2.7 mm. Type locality: Station 6805, Santa Cruz Canyon, 33°-56’-03”N, 119°-52’-03”W, 218 m, December 22, 1959. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 81 Material: Three specimens from the type locality. Relationship: This species differs from the type species, P. tenellus Stebbing (see 1897), in its poorly cleft, basally united telson with gap- ing apices; in P. tenellus the telson is very deeply cleit with gaping apices; the mouthparts are similar to those shown by Stebbing and the first antenna fits the generic definition, having article 2 longer than ar- ticle 1. The second maxillary lobes appear slightly more narrow and the inner lobe of the second maxilla is more weakly developed in the present specimen. It is in poor condition, for pereopods 3 and 5 are missing, and uropods | and 2, the antennae, and the head are damaged. The new species differs from P. longicaudatus Dahl (1959) in the short rami of uropod 3 and in the slightly projecting posteroventral corner of the third pleonal epimeron. The first and second pleonal epim- era were not described for P. longicaudatus. Pardisynopia synopiae J. L. Barnard Pardisynopia synopiae J. L. Barnard 1962b: 77-79, figs. 3, 4. Canyon material: 6836(2), 6845(1), 6846(4). Slope material: 2789(1). Tosilus, new genus Diagnosis: Mouth parts not forming a conelike bundle; upper lip with bilaterally symmetrical lobes; lower lip apparently with inner lobes fused (not satisfactorily analyzed) ; mouthparts otherwise like those of Pardaliscoides (see Stebbing 1897: pl. 12), with long maxillipedal palp, short outer plates and obsolescent inner plates similar to those of Necochea J. L. Barnard (1962d), inner plate of maxilla 1 even more weakly developed, similar to that of Necochea; maxilla 2 with distinct lobes as drawn herein; mandible with palp; antenna 1 with accessory flagellum, articles 1-3 of peduncle successively shorter; fifth articles of gnathopods very short, not lobed, sixth articles about six times as long as fifth, slender, tapering, simple; pereopods simple; urosomal segments not dorsally produced; uropod 3 exceedingly small, not as long as the short ramus of uropod 2; telson short, cleft halfway. Type species: Tosilus arroyo, new species. Relationship: This genus resembles Parpano J. L. Barnard (1964a) in its miniaturized uropod 3, but the telson is cleft in Tosi/us and en- tire in Parpano. The gnathopods also are similar. Apart from the small uropod 3, Tosilus differs from other pardaliscids as follows: from Pardaliscoides Stebbing in the short peduncular article 2 of antenna 1; from Halice Boeck in the short telson and short fifth articles of the gnathopods; from Pardaliscella Sars in the obsolescent inner plates of 82 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 the maxillipeds and first maxillae and the short fifth article of the gnathopods; from Pardaliscopsis Chevreux in the symmetrical upper lip and gnathopods; from Necochea J. L. Barnard in the well-developed second maxillae and normal coxae; from Parahalice Birstein & Vino- gradov (1962) in the simple pereopods; from Arculfia J. L. Barnard (1961b) and Princaxelia Dahl (1959) in the gnathopods and lack of urosomal teeth. Tosilus arroyo, new species (Fig. 35) Diagnosis: With the characters of the genus. Description: Third pleonal epimeron with medium-sized, upturned tooth; coxae poorly preserved and not accurately represented in the figures herein; head poorly preserved and only partially reconstructed in the figure. Holotype: AHF No. 6010, female, 3.8 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 7049, La Jolla Canyon, 32°-49’-37” N, 117°-35’-12” W, 976 m, May 7, 1960. Family PHOTIDAE (ISAEIDAE = senior synonym) Amphideutopus oculatus J. L. Barnard Amphideutopus oculatus J. L. Barnard 1959c: 34-35, pl. 10; J. L. Barnard 196la: 181, fig. 2. Canyon material : 5367 (3), 7031(4). Eurystheus thompsoni (Walker) Eurystheus thompsoni (Walker).—Shoemaker 1955b: 59 (with refer- ences); J. L. Barnard 1959c: 36, pl. 11; J. L. Barnard 196la: 182. Canyon material: 4852(5), 6805(1). Megamphopus sp. Canyon material : 6803(2), 6804(2). Photis bifurcata J. L. Barnard Photis bifurcata J. L. Barnard 1962a: 30-31, fig. 10. Canyon material: 4852(9). Photis brevipes Shoemaker Photis brevipes Shoemaker 1942: 25-27, fig. 9; J. L. Barnard 1962a: 31-33, fig. 11. Canyon material: 4851(5), 4852(46), 5367(3), 6803(7), 6821(3), 6822 ( ?1), 6845(3), 6846(2). No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 83 Photis lacia J. L. Barnard Photis lacia J. L. Barnard 1962a: 42-44, fig. 18. Canyon material: 6499(31). Photis macrotica J. L. Barnard Photis macrotica J. L. Barnard 1962a: 44, fig. 19. Canyon material: 6805 (9), 6806(13), 7043 (4). Photis spp. Canyon material: Unidentifiable juveniles and females: 4851(1), 4852(3), 5960(2), 6499(4), 6803(146), 6804(91), 6806(12), 6817 (9), 6835(1), 6836(2), 6900(1), 7038(2). Protomedeia articulata J. L. Barnard Protomedeia articulata J. L. Barnard 1962a: 48-50, fig. 21. Canyon material: 5114(1), 6490 (20, blind), 6494 (111, blind), 6845 (2), 7044(2). Protomedeia (?)prudens new species (Fig. 36) Lacking antennae, this species cannot be assigned definitely to a genus, for it might fit Podoceropsis, Kermystheus, Megamphopus, Bon- nierella, Goesia, Eurystheus or Protomedeia. Diagnosis: Coxa 1 angular in front but not acutely produced ; coxa 2 scarcely larger than coxa 1 and bearing a medially projecting, hook- like accessory tooth; both pairs of gnathopods with greatly elongated fifth articles, article 6 of gnathopod 1 slender, bearing a projection in place of palm, posterior edge of article 6 setose and bearing stout spine just proximal to distal tooth; article 6 of gnathopod 2 much stouter than in gnathopod 1, palm transverse or essentially chelate, bearing two teeth, a short subacute middle tooth and a cheliform palm defining- tooth, posterior edge of article 6 with 2 large notches, dactyl long, over- lapping palm considerably; inner ramus of uropod 3 about three-fourths as long as outer ramus; mouthparts like those of Protomedeia fasciata Kroyer as figured by Sars (1895: pl. 196). Holotype: AHF No. 6017, male, 7.4 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 7038, La Jolla Canyon, 32°-52’-48”N, 117-167-327 W,, 121 'm, May 6; 1960: Relationship: This species is unusual in Protomedeia for the elonga- tion of article 5 of gnathopod 1, its produced palmar tooth, and the pos- terior notches on gnathopod 2; the medial coxal tooth of gnathopod 2 also is unique. No species of Megamphopus Norman has the kind of gnathopod 2 seen in this species. 84 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Family PHOXOCEPHALIDAE Coxophoxus, new genus Diagnosis: Article 2 of pereopod 3 slender, scarcely wider than ar- ticle 3; palp of maxilla 1 uniarticulate; flagellum of antenna 2 multi- articulate; gnathopods enlarged, first smaller than second; body of mandible lacking large process at juncture of palp, molar large, with ridged triturating surface; palp article 4 of maxilliped bearing large apical spine or spines, palp article 3 not produced; eyes present ; antenna 2 lacking basal ensiform process; anteroventral corner of head unpro- duced ; dorsoposterior edge of coxa 4 not excavate. Type species: Coxophoxus hidalgo, new species. Relationship: This genus combines characters of the genera Phoxo- cephalus Stebbing and Proharpinia Schellenberg. It differs from Phoxo- cephalus in the slender second article of pereopod 3 and from Pro- harpinia in the uniarticulate palp of the first maxilla and the unpro- duced cephalic corner. Other species assigned: Phoxocephalus coxalis K. H. Barnard (1932). Coxophoxus hidalgo, new species (Figs. 37, 38) Diagnosis: Article 2 of pereopod 5 hugely expanded, more than 90 percent as wide as long. Description: The figures presented herein show the other features. The male has the enlarged eyes typical of many phoxocephalids and an elongated inner ramus of the third uropod. The distolateral surface of article | on antenna 1 has a process. Holotype: AHF No. 5810, male, +.0 mm. Type locality: Station 5943, East Cortes Basin, California, 32°- 16’-30”N, 118°-27’-55” W, 1675 m, November 10, 1958. Basin material : 6 specimens from the type locality. Relationship: This species differs from Phoxocephalus coxalis K. H. Barnard (1932), which I assign to this genus, by the much more broadly expanded second article of pereopod 5. In C. coxalis the article is only about 70 percent as broad as long. Harpiniopsis emeryi J. L. Barnard Har piniopsis emeryi J. L. Barnard 1960b: 334, pl. 69. Canyon material: 2847 (2), 6837(1), 6849(1), 7728(1). Basin material: 2440(2), 2846(1), 2850(2), 3028(1), 5945(1), 6340(1). Slope material : 2632(1), 2852(1), 3031(1). No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 85 Harpiniopsis epistomata J. L. Barnard Har piniopsis epistomatus J. L. Barnard 1960b: 326-328, pls. 62, 63. Canyon material: 2219(6), 2475(1), 2793(1), 2847(1), 6779(15), 6809(5), 6820(1), 6830(1), 6851(2), 6916(15), 7032(2), 7039(1), 7047(4), 7049(1), 7154(2), 7286(1), 7288(14), 7289(2), 7290(1), 7395 (2), 7396(5), 7399(1), 7402(1), 7728(2). Basin material: 2229(22), 2410(1), 2440(2), 2636(4), 3029(1), 3031 (2), 5925 (4), 5930(1). Slope material: 2369(3), 2370(1), 2411(1), 2441(1), 2625(1), 2838 (1), 2843(1), 2845(1), 2852(3), 3031(2). Harpiniopsis excavata (Chevreux) Harpinia excavata Chevreux.—Chevreux 1900: 37-38, pl. 6, fig. 1; Stebbing 1906: 142-143; K. H. Barnard 1925: 340-341; Chevreux 1927: 73; J. L. Barnard 1960b: 353; J. L. Barnard 1962d: 47- 50, figs. 37, 38; J. L. Barnard 1964a: 18-21, fig. 16. Har piniopsis sanpedroensis J. L. Barnard 1960b: 328-330, pls. 64, 65. Canyon material: 6833(1). Basin material: 2850(2). Harpiniopsis fulgens J. L. Barnard FHlarpiniopsis fulgens J. L. Barnard 1960b: 332, pls. 67, 68. Canyon material: 4851(1), 6815(2), 6822(1), 6831(1), 6837(1), 6845(6), 6898(10), 6900(1), 6903(1), 6909(1), 6915(4), 7032(1), 7047 (4), 7054(8), 7174(4), 7288(1), 7396(1). Basin material: 4669(1), 5930(2), 5933(1), 6338(1), 6348(1), 6351(4), 6832(2). Slope material: 2224(2), 2293(2), 2306(8), 2337(1), 2361(4), DAZ3S( 3), 2625(8), 26325), 27491), 2789(2), 2790(2), 28514), 3204(3). Harpiniopsis galera J. L. Barnard Har piniopsis galerus J. L. Barnard 1960b: 336, pls. 70-72. Slope material: 2227(2), 2230(?1), 2367(2), 2413(1), 2414(2), 2851(1). Harpiniopsis naiadis J. L. Barnard Har piniopsis naiadis J. L. Barnard 1960b: 336-339, pl. 73. Canyon material: 6820(4), 6850(1), 7049(1). Slope material : 2302(2). 86 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Harpiniopsis petulans, new species (Fig. 39) Diagnosis: Anteroventral corner of head unproduced; epistome acutely produced anteriorly; article 2 of pereopod 5 broad, produced downward truncately to end of article 4, with 2 small posterior teeth below 4 minute serrations; third pleonal epimeron with a very long posterior tooth curving dorsally ; rami of uropod 2 naked. Holotype: AHF No. 6011, female, 4.5 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 6842, Coronado Canyon, California, 32°- 22'250” N, 117°=227-12” We265 m, January, 31, 1960: Relationship: This species differs from Harpiniopsis epistomata J. L. Barnard (1960b) in the immense tooth of the third pleonal epimeron. In that character it closely resembles H. emeryi J. L. Barnard (1960b) but differs in the acutely produced epistome, the much larger and broader second article of pereopod 5, and the relatively short remainder of the appendage. Harpiniopsis profundis J. L. Barnard Har piniopsis profundis J. L. Barnard 1960b: 330, pl. 66. Canyon material: 6844 (1), 7049(2). Basin material: 2850(1). Slope material: 2344(?1). Harpiniopsis profundis J. L. Barnard var. (Fig. 40) Diagnosis: Differing from normal adults in (1) the somewhat broader posterior lobe on article 2 of pereopod 5, the more strongly truncated oblique ventral margin bearing shallower teeth; (2) the lack of spines on the rami of uropod 1. Catalogued material: AHF No. 606, male, 4.8 mm. Locality: Station 6832, Tanner Canyon, 32°-33'-36”"N, 118°-55’- 40”W, 1298 m, January 29, 1960. Material: Two specimens from the catalogued locality. Remarks: Materials under examination from deep waters off Baja California show this juvenile form to be connected to the terminal adult as figured by Barnard (1960b), through enlargement and dispropor- tionment of the teeth of pereopod 5 and the development of spines on the inner ramus of uropod 2. Harpiniopsis spp. Basin: material: 5937(1), 5940 (1),,6092(2), 634601)" G347( 1): No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 87 Heterophoxus oculatus (Holmes) Heterophoxus oculatus (Holmes).—J. L. Barnard 1960b: 320-324, pls. 59-61 (with references) ; J. L. Barnard 1961b: 71. Slope material: 2151(1), 2224(1), 2227(2), 2228(1), 2229(1), 223111), 2302(1),; 2306(1), 2324(3), 2337(5), 2344(1), 2361 (10), 2369(3), 2370(2), 2389(5), 2413(6), 2414(2), 2423(5), 2625(1), 2632(1), 2724(7), 2789(21), 2843(1), 2845(1), 2849(1), 2850(2), 285uCL) 530313) 32049)5 71351). Basin material: Stations 2130(1), 2636(1), 2849(1), 2850(2), S0271(3), sUZ8( 1). 592541), 5926(1), S5930((2). 5933'Cel), 59551), 6089(1), 6336(1), 6338(2), 6339(1), 6341(1), 6342(2), 6344(1), 6347(1), 6810(2), 6832(1). Canyon material: Stations 2149(1), 2189(11), 2191(5), 2725(1), 2727(12), 3000(5), 3179(1), 3180(1), 3385(11), 4851(2), 5046(2), 5115(2) 5367(1), 5531(4), 5532(2), 5960(21), 6498(2), 6499(1), 6805(1), 6806(5), 6815(10), 6818(4), 6819(5), 6821(6), 6822(9), 6836(2), 6837(2), 6845(6), 6846(4), 6851(1), 6854(1), 6897(2), 6898 (8), 6899(5), 6903(3), 6909(2), 6915(1), 7029(21), 7038(25), 7039(1), 7045(1), 7047(2), 7051(2), 7054(2), 7174(20), 7285(1), TI2Z5( 2), 1S0(2)e Remarks: This species is strongly eurybathic, ranging in depth from 2 to 3 meters on shallow sands, especially in arid lagoons where win- ter temperatures are low, to nearly abyssal depths in the basins off southern California; and is distributed from Puget Sound, Washington, to Panama. In slope depths greater than 200 m almost all of the specimens lack eyes. This is the most abundant canyon species but is not an indi- cator of bathyl depths because of its eurybathicity. Leptophoxus falcatus icelus J. L. Barnard Leptophoxus falcatus icelus J. L. Barnard 1960b: 308-311, pls. 53, 54. Basin material : 2846(1), 5938(1), 6828(2). Slope material: 2303(1), 2389(1), 2413(3), 2423(2), 2845(1), 2852). Canyon material: 2793 (2). Remarks: The 2.5 mm male of 5938 has 4 posterior serrations on article 2 of pereopod 5 and is thus intermediate between the stem sub-- species and L. falcatus icelus. 88 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Metaphoxus frequens J. L. Barnard Metaphoxus frequens J. L. Barnard 1960b: 304-306, pls. 51, 52. Canyon material: 2192(2), 2725(7), 2727(19), 3385(37), 5367 (1), 5960 (44), 6781(2), 6806(4), 6835(1), 6836(5), 6845(9), 6846 (10), 6854(1), 7038(1). Slope material : 2231 (6), 2789(12), 3204(9). Paraphoxus abronius J. L. Barnard Paraphoxus abronius J. L. Barnard 1960b: 203-205, pl. 5. Canyon material: 7045(1). Paraphoxus bicuspidatus J. L. Barnard Paraphoxus bicuspidatus J. L. Barnard 1960b: 218-221, pls. 15, 16; J. L. Barnard 1963: 462-463. Canyon material: 2725(8), 2727(13), 3385(40), 5367(8), 5531 (1), 5532(1), 5960(11), 6845(21), 6846(12), 6854(1), 6897(2), 6904(1), 7044(3), 7045(2). Slope material: 2231(10), 2789(6), 3204(22). Paraphoxus calcaratus (Gurjanova) Parpharpinia calcarata Gurjanova 1938: 271-272, figs. 9a-b; Pararpinia calcarata.—Gurjanova 1951: 388-392, fig. 237. Paraphoxus calcaratus—J. L. Barnard 1960b: 238-240, pl. 26. Canyon material : 6804(85), 6806(5), 6836(13). Slope material : 2367(1), 2414(4). Paraphoxus daboius J. L. Barnard Paraphoxus daboius J. L. Barnard 1960b: 210-212, pls. 10, 11. Canyon material : 6803(1), 6833(9), 6836(1), 7728(1). Slope material : 2227 (14) , 2228(1), 2344(2), 2367(8), 2423(5). Paraphoxus epistomus (Shoemaker) Pontharpinia epistoma Shoemaker 1938 : 326-329, fig. 1. Paraphoxus epistomus.—J. L. Barnard 1960b: 205-209, pls. 6-8. Canyon material: 4852(65), 5114(1), 5367(1), 5674(1). Paraphoxus fatigans J. L. Barnard Paraphoxus fatigans J. L. Barnard 1960b: 209-210, pl. 9. Canyon material: 4852(20). Slope material : 2344(1). No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 89 Paraphoxus heterocuspidatus J. L. Barnard Paraphoxus heterocuspidatus J. L. Barnard 1960b: 224-226, pls. 19, 20. Canyon material: 4852 (4). Paraphoxus obtusidens (Alderman) Paraphoxus obtusidens (Alderman).—J. L. Barnard 1960b: 249-259, pls. 33-37 (with references). Canyon material : 3164(1), 4852 (34), 6803 (14), 6804(48), 6835 (4). Slope material: 3204(2). Paraphoxus oculatus Sars Paraphoxus oculatus Sars.—J. L. Barnard 1960b: 240-243, pls. 27, 28 (with references). Canyon material: 2148(3), 2149(1), 3166(1), 3179(1), 3180(2), 4851(4), 6494(1), 6815(2), 6837( ?1), 6851(1). Basin material: 2850(2). Slope material: 2293(7), 2369(1), 2413(2), 2625(1), 2632(3), 2749(6). Paraphoxus robustus Holmes Paraphoxus robustus Holmes 1908: 518-521, fig. 27; J. L. Barnard 1960b: 235-236, pl. 25. Canyon material: 2727 (2), 5960(1), 6501( ?1), 6806(3), 6846(6). Slope material: 3204(1). Paraphoxus similis J. L. Barnard Paraphoxus similis J. L. Barnard 1960b: 230-233, pls. 22, 23. Canyon material: 2192(1), 2725(5), 2727(1), 3385(13), 5114(1), 5367(8), 5960(3), 6817(4), 6846(6). Slope material: 2414(3), 3204(17). Paraphoxus spinosus Holmes Paraphoxus spinosus Holmes 1905: 477-478, fig.; Kunkel 1918: 76-78, fig. 13; Shoemaker 1925: 26-27; J. L. Barnard 1959c: 18; J. L. Barnard 1960b: 243-249, pls. 29-31; J. L. Barnard 196la: 178. Canyon material: 3167(1), 4852(19), 6805(1), 6806(1), 6817 (46). Paraphoxus stenodes J. L. Barnard Paraphoxus stenodes J. L. Barnard 1960b: 221-224, pls. 17, 18. Canyon material: 3166(1), 4852(55), 5505(2), 6835(2), 7031(1). 90 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Paraphoxus tridentatus (J. L. Barnard) Ponthar pinia tridentata J. L. Barnard 1954a: 4-6, pls. 4, 5. Paraphoxus tridentatus—J. L. Barnard 1960b: 261-262. Canyon material : 6803 (4). Paraphoxus variatus J. L. Barnard Paraphoxus variatus J. L. Barnard 1960b: 198-202, pls. 3, 4. Canyon material: 4852(2). Phoxocephalus homilis J. L. Barnard Phoxocephalus homilis J. L. Barnard 1960b: 301-303, pls. 49, 50. Canyon material: 2149(1), 2191(6), 2192(3), 2725(3), 2727(2), 2999(1), 3385(19), 4851(2), 5046(1) 5115(1), 5960(13), 6497(4), 6779(1), 6806(2), 6815(10), 6845(9), 6846(1), 6854(4), 6898(16), 6899 (2), 6900(1), 6911(1), 7032(8), 7038(8), 7174(9), 7285(2). Basin material: 4669(1). Slope material: 2293(8), 2361(1), 2418(1), 2625(1), 2632(7), 2749 (10), 2789(12), 2851(8), 2852(6), 3204(1). Family PLEUSTIDAE Parapleustes pugettensis (Dana) Parapleustes pugettensis (Dana).—Barnard and Given 1960: 43-45, fig. 4 (with references). Canyon material: 4852(89). Sympleustes subglaber Barnard & Given Sympleustes subglaber Barnard and Given 1960: 45-46, fig. 5. Canyon material: 6781(2). Family PODOCERIDAE Dulichia sp. Canyon material : 6499(1 female). Podocerus cristatus (Thomson) Podocerus cristatus (Thomson).—J. L. Barnard 1962a: 67-69, figs. Sil 32. Canyon material: 4851(2). No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 91 Family STENOTHOIDAE Mesometopa neglecta roya, new subspecies (Fig. 41) References to typical subspecies: [ Metopa neglecta Hansen.—Sars 1895: 274-275, pl. 97, fig. 2. Metopella neglecta (Hansen) —Gurjanova 1951: 473-474, fig. 310. Mesometopa neglecta (Hansen).—Shoemaker 1955a: 24, figs. 8a-f. | Description: Lateral cephalic lobe sharp as in Mesometopa neglecta Hansen (Sars. 1895: pl. 97, fig. 2), eye small, composed of 8 to 10 large ommatidia loosely arranged; antennae reaching to end of fifth pereonite; mandibular palp 2-articulate, appearing to be absent on one mandible and present on other; palp of maxilla 1 uniarticulate; gnathopod 1 simple, article 7 not setose; gnathopod 2 small, article 6 trapezoidal, expanded distally, palm oblique, sharply defined by a small cusp, bearing two large defining spines; article 2 of pereopods 3-4 very slender; article 2 of pereopod 5 broad proximally, suddenly con- stricted on distal half; articles 4 and 5 of pereopods 3-5 very slender, not produced distally; third pleonal epimeron projecting strongly pos- teriorly ; telson with 2 marginal spines on each side. Holotype: AHF No. 5920, female, 3.0 mm. Type locality: Station 6806, Santa Cruz Canyon, California, 33°- 56-06” N, 118°-52’-17” W, 221 m, December 22, 1959. Material: Four specimens from the type locality. Remarks: Mesometopa gibbosa Shoemaker (1955a) should be re- moved to the genus Metopella Sars because the second article of pereopod 5 is slender. The remaining 3 species, Mesometopa esmarki (Boeck), M. extensa Gurjanova and M. neglecta (Hansen), differ among themselves more than the present material differs from M/. neglecta, so these speci- mens are relegated to subspecific status. The larger, fewer, and more loosely compacted ommatidia of the new subspecies differ from the more numerous, smaller, more compacted ommatidia of the stem species and the proximal and distal portions of article 2 on pereopod 5 are more sharply differentiated. The palm of gnathopod 2 has a small medial cusp, not reported for M. neglecta neglecta. Probably the eye differ- ences are a reflection of the greater depth recorded for the new sub- species. Metopa (Prometopa) samsiluna, new species (Fig. 42) Diagnosis: Assigned to the subgenus Prometopa Schellenberg by possession of a vestigial accessory flagellum; mandibular palp 3-articu- 92 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 late, first maxillary palp uniarticulate; eyes absent ; antennae very long, subequal, peduncular articles of both antennae elongated, article 2 of antenna 1 longer than article 1; coxa 2 very broad; gnathopod 1 short, with distinct palm, article 6 expanded, article 7 short, fitting palm, not setose, article 4 strongly projecting posteriorly along article 5, article 2 strongly setose anteriorly; palm of gnathopod 2 with a large medial tooth, defining corner with large tooth; lobe on article 2 of pereopods 4 and 5 narrowing posterodistally, article 4 narrow, scarcely decurrent ; telson spinose. Holotype: AHF No. 6013, female, 4.5 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 6840, San Clemente Rift Valley, California, 32°-44'-35” N, 118°-12’-45” W, 1620 m, January 30, 1960. Relationship: This species differs from M. boecki Sars (1895: pl. 88) in the presence of the medial palmar tooth on the second gnatho- podal palm, the narrower distoposterior lobes on article 2 of pereopods 4-5, the broader second coxa and the shorter first gnathopod with a more projecting fourth article and more distinct palm. From M. spectabilis Sars (1895: pl. 87) this species differs in the equal antennae. Metopa alderi (Spence Bate) (Sars 1895: pl. 86) is closely related and M. samsiluna may be a form of M. alderi but it differs in the lack of eyes, the spinose telson, the longer antennae, the better de- veloped medial palmar tooth of gnathopod 2 and the narrower disto- posterior lobes on article 2 of pereopods 4-5. The new species resembles MM. aequicornis Sars (1885), especially in the long, equal antennae and large coxa 2, but differs in the nar- row, scarcely decurrent fourth articles of pereopods 4 and 5 and the spinose telson. Metopa layi Gurjanova (see 1951) has short articles 1 and 2 of an- tenna I. Metopa sp. (Fig. 43) Material: One female, 2.2 mm, from Station 6499, Monterey Can- yon. Relationship: This specimen has affinities with Metopa pusilla Sars (1895: pl. 90, fig. 1) and may be identified with it although minor differences are noted as follows: the first gnathopod is slightly stouter and article 4 does not project posteriorly as much; coxa 4 is more elongated antero-posteriorly. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 93 From M. longicornis Sars (1895: pl. 90, fig. 2) this species differs in the strongly projecting posterodistal corner of article 4 on pereopod 5. The female gnathopod 2 of M. tenuimana Sars (1895: pl. 91, fig. 1) is more slender and the palm more oblique than in the present mate- rial, but the figures of that species in Stephensen (1931) are close to the material at hand. Article 2 of pereopod 4 is stouter in M. bruzelii Goés (Sars 1895: pl. 92, fig. 1) then in the present specimen. The pos- terior lobe of article 5 on female gnathopod 2 is much stouter and longer in M. invalida Sars (1895: pl. 94, fig. 2). Article 4 of pereo- pod 5 is much stouter in M. aequicornis Sars (1885: pl. 15, fig. 5). Article 6 of gnathopod 1 is less tumid medially than in M. boeckii Sars (1895: pl. 88). The specimen also bears comparison to M. Jayi Gurjanova (see 1951) but article 6 of gnathopod 1 in that species is slightly stouter. Metopella (?) aporpis J. L. Barnard Metopella aporpis J. L. Barnard 1962c: 142-145, figs. 12, 13. Canyon material: 6805(3). Remarks: Further study of the mandible of this species reveals no small basal article on the palp, hence the single long article (similar to Mesostenothoides pirloti Gurjanova 1951: 466, fig. 305A) indicates that this species should be assigned to Metopelloides; but its first gnath- opod bears no similarity to other species of that genus which have ar- ticle 5 much shorter than 6 (except two species having very short gnathopod 1, in one case with a palm). Since the present species is dis- tinct from any known species of Metopelloides, I prefer to retain it temporarily in Metopella until a more thorough study is made of the classificatory value of mandibles and maxillae in this family. Proboloides tunda J. L. Barnard (Fig. 44) Proboloides tunda J. L. Barnard 1962c: 147-149, fig. 16. Canyon material: 7041(2), 7290(3). Remarks: The second gnathopod illustrated here is more fully de- veloped than that shown by Barnard (1962b). Stenothoides bicoma J. L. Barnard Stenothoides (?) bicoma J. L. Barnard 1962c: 135-137, fig. 8. Canyon material: 4852(1), 6805(1). 94 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Family SYNOPIIDAE (=Tironidae) Bruzelia ascua, new species (Figs. 45, 46) Diagnosis: Rostrum long, straight, nearly in line with cephalic axis, dorsum of head with two sharp bilateral keels, eyes not visible; pereo- nite 1 lacking dorsal tooth, all following pereonal, metasomal and the first two urosomal segments with a long, acute, dorsal projection each; each pereonal and metasomal segment with a subdorsal tooth and a lateral tooth, the lateral teeth of pereonites occurring at ventral mar- gins just above coxae; coxae 5 and 6 each with a laterally projecting tooth; coxa 4 much shorter than 3, with a posterior cusp and dorso- posterior excavation; second and third pleonal epimera each with a slender, long, unserrated posteroventral tooth; second articles of pereo- pods 3-5 each with 2 or 3 medium-sized posterior cusps, posteroventral corners strongly produced. Holotype: AHF No. 5812, male, 4.7 mm. Unique. Type locality: Station 5938, Patton Escarpment, 32°-04’-30” N, 119°-43’-20” W, 1687 m, November 9, 1958. Relationship: This species differs from Bruzelia dentata Stephen- sen (1931a) in the extra set of teeth located subdorsally and laterally on the pereonal and metasomal segments, the unserrated peonal epim- era and the presence of dorsal cephalic keels. Bruzelia ascua differs from B. australis Stebbing (1910) in the pres- ence of lateral and subdorsal pereonal teeth and the presence of dorsal teeth on pleonites 3-5. Other species of Bruzelia have fewer dorsal teeth or much smaller dorsal carinae than those mentioned above. Bruzelia tuberculata G. O. Sars Bruzelia tuberculata G. O. Sars 1895: 397-398, pl. 139, fig. 2; Steb- bing 1906: 275; Stephensen 1931a: 252; Stephensen 1938: 232; Gurjanova 1951: 589, fig. 395; J. L. Barnard 1962b: 73. Canyon material: 7038 (one female, 5 mm). Other material: 5761(1), 5828(1). Garosyrrhoe bigarra (J. L. Barnard) Syrrhoites bigarra J. L. Barnard 1962b: 73-75, fig. 1. Canyon material: 6803(1). No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 95 Syrrhoe sp. Not to be described until more materials can be obtained. Material: 6845(1). Unidentifiable specimens Material: 2169(2), 2849(1), 2850(1 stenothoid), 2850(3), 4669 (1), 4851(5, Liljeborgia sp.?), 4852(11, Protomedeia?), 5046(1), 5114(1 pontogeneiid), 5938(1, ?Haploops), 5938(1, Harpinioides sp.), 5938(1, ?Pardaliscella), 6336(1, ?Orchomene), 6351(1), 6372 (1), 6803 (1, Lysianassidae), 6805(1, Stenothoidae), 6810(1), 7043 (1), 7054(1 oedicerotid). 96 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 LITERATURE CITED ALDERMAN, A. L. 1936. Some new and little known amphipods of California. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., 41(7) :53-74, 51 figs. BARNARD, J. L. 1954a. 1954b. 1955a. 1955b. 1957 1958a. 1958b. 1959a. 1959b. 1959c. 1960a. 1960b. 1961a. 1961b. 1962a. 1962b. 1962c. 1962d. 1962e. 1963. Marine Amphipoda of Oregon. Oregon State Monographs, Studies in Zoology, 8:1-103, 1 fig., 33 pls. Amphipoda of the family Ampeliscidae collected in the Eastern Pacific Ocean by the Velero JIJ and Velero JV. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeds., 18(1) : 1-137, 38 pls. Gammaridean Amphipoda (Crustacea) in the collections of Bishop Museum. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Bull., 215:1-46, 20 pls. Notes on the amphipod genus Aruga with the description of a new species. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., Bull., 54: 97-103, pls. 27-29. A new genus of haustoriid amphipod from the northeastern Pacific Ocean and the southern distribution of Urothoe varvarini Gurjanova. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., Bull., 56:81-84, pl. 16. A new genus of dexaminid amphipod (marine Crustacea) from California. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., Bull., 56:130-132, pls. 26-27. Revisionary notes on the Phoxocephalidae (Amphipoda), with a key to the genera. Pacific Science, 12:146-151. Liljeborgiid amphipods of southern California coastal bottoms, with a revision of the family. Pacific Naturalist, 1(4) :12-28, 12 figs. 3 charts. The common pardaliscid Amphipoda of southern California, with a revision of the family. Pacific Naturalist, 1(12) :36-43, 4 figs. Estuarine Amphipoda. Jn Barnard, J. L., and D. J. Reish, Ecology of Amphipoda, Polychaeta of Newport Bay, California. Allan Hancock Foundation, Occas. Pa., 21:13-69, 14 pls. New bathyal and sublittoral ampeliscid amphipods from California, with an illustrated key to Ampelisca. Pacific Naturalist, 1(16) :1-36, 11 figs. The amphipod family Phoxocephalidae in the eastern Pacific Ocean, with analyses of other species and notes for a revision of the family. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeds., 18(3) :175-368, 75 pls. 1 chart. Relationship of Californian amphipod faunas in Newport Bay and in the open sea. Pacific Naturalist, 2(4) :166-186, 2 figs. Gammaridean Amphipoda from depths of 400 to 6000 meters. In Danish Deep-Sea Exped. round the world 1950-52. Galathea Rpt., Copenhagen, 5:23-128, 83 figs. Benthic marine Amphipoda of southern California: Families Aoridae, Photidae, Ischyroceridae, Corophiidae, Podoceridae. Pacific Naturalist, 3:1-72, 32 figs. Benthic marine Amphipoda of southern California: Families Tiron- idae to Gammaridae. Pacific Naturalist, 3:73-115, 23 figs. Benthic marine Amphipoda of southern California: Families Amphilo- chidae, Leucothoidae, Stenothoidae, Argissidae, Hyalidae. Pacific Nat- uralist, 3:116-163, 23 figs. South Atlantic abyssal amphipods collected by R. V. Vema. In Bar- nard, J. L., R. J. Menzies, M. C. Bacescu, Abyssal Crustacea, Colum- bia Univ. Press (Vema Res. Ser., No. 1) :1-78, 79 figs. Benthic marine Amphipoda of southern California: Family Oedicero- tidae. Pacific Naturalist, 3:349-371, 10 figs. Relationship of benthic Amphipoda to invertebrate communities of inshore sublittoral sands of southern California. Pacific Naturalist, 3 :437-467, 7 figs. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 97 1964a. Deep-sea Amphipoda (Crustacea) collected by the R/V ‘‘Vema” in the eastern Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean and Mediterranean seas. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bull., 127(1) :1-46, 33 figs. 1964b. Los anfipodos bentonicos marinos de la Costa occidental de Baja California. Soc. Mexicana Hist. Nat., Rev., 24:205-273, 11 figs. 1964c. Marine Amphipoda of Bahia de San Quintin, Baja California. Pacific Naturalist, 4:53-139, 21 figs., 17 charts. BARNARD, J. L., and R. R. GIVEN 1960. Common pleustid amphipods of southern California, with a projected revision of the family. Pacific Naturalist, 1(17) :37-48, 6 figs. BARNARD, J. L., and O. HARTMAN 1959. The sea bottom off Santa Barbara, California: Biomass and com- munity structure. Pacific Naturalist, 1(6) :1-16, 7 figs. BARNARD, J. L., and F. C. ZIESENHENNE 1961. Ophiuroid communities of southern Californian coastal bottoms. Pacific Naturalist, 2(2) :131-152, 8 figs. BARNARD, K. H. 1916. Contributions to the crustacean fauna of South Africa. 5—The Am- phipoda. So. African Mus., Ann., 15(3) :105-302, pls. 26-28. 1925. Contributions to the crustacean fauna of South Africa—No. 8. Fur- ther additions to the list of Amphipoda. So. African Mus., Ann., 20(5) :319-380, pl. 34. 1930. Amphipoda. Jn British Antarctic (“Terra Nova”) Exped., 1910. Nat. Hist. Rpt., Zcol., London, 8 :307-454, 63 figs. 1932. a In Discovery Rpts., Cambridge, Eng., 5:1-326, 174 figs., pl. 1. BirstTEIN, J. A., and M. E. VinocRapov 1955. Pelagicheskie gammaridy (Amphipoda-Gammaridae) Kurilo-Kam- chatskoi Vpadiny. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Inst. Okean., Trudy, 12:210-287, 35 figs. 1962. Notes on the family Pardaliscidae (Amphipoda) with the description of a new genus. Crustaceana, 3:249-258, 2 figs. Bruun, A. F. 1957. Deep sea and abyssal depths. Jz Natl. Res. Council, Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology, I, Ecology, ed. by J. W Hedgpeth, New York. Geol. Soc. Amer., Mem., 67 :641-672. 1959. General introduction to the reports and list of deep-sea stations. In Danish Deep-Sea Exped. round the world 1950-52. Galathea Rpt., Copenhagen, 1:7-48, 11 figs., 4 pls. BUFFINGTON, E. C. 1964. Structural control and precision bathymetry of La Jolla submarine canyon, California. Marine Geology, 1:44-58. BULYCHEVA, A. 1936. New species of Amphipoda from the Japan Sea. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10) 18 :242-256, 35 figs. 1955. Novye vidy bokoplavov (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) iz IAponskogo Moria: II. Akad. Nauk SSSR., Zool. Inst., Trudy, 21:193-207, 6 figs. CHEVREUX, E. 1900. Amphipodes provenant des campagnes de VHirondelle (1885- -1888). In Albert I, prince of Monaco, Rés. Camp. Sci., Monaco, 16:i-iv, 1-195, 18 pls. 1908. Diagnoses d’Amphipodes nouveaux provenant des campagnes de la Princesse-A lice dans |’Atlantique Nord. Inst. Océanogr., Bull., 129 :1-12, 6 figs. 98 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 1926. Diagnoses d’Amphipodes nouveaux provenant des campagnes de la “Princesse-Alice” dans l’Atlantique et dans l’Océan Arctique. Inst. Océanogr., Bull., 475 :1-12, 6 figs. 1927. Crustacés Amphipodes. In Expéd. Sci. “Travailleur” et du “Talis- man” pendant les années 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883. Malacostracés (Suite), Paris, 9:41-152, 14 pls. CHEVREUX, E., and L. FAGE 1925. Amphipodes. Faune de France, Paris, 9:1-488, 438 figs. DAHL, E. 1946. Notes on some Amphipoda from the Gullmar Fiord. Ark. Zool., 38A (8) :1-8, 5 figs. 1959. Amphipoda from depths exceeding 6000 meters. In Danish Deep-Sea Exped. round the world 1950-52. Galathea Rpt., Copenhagen, 1:211- 240, 20 figs. Diu, R. F. 1962. Sedimentary and erosional features of submarine canyon heads. First Natl. Coastal and Shallow Water Res. Conf., Oct., 1961, Proc., Talla- hassee [etc.], p. 531. Emery, K. O. 1960. The sea off southern California; a modern habitat of petroleum. New York, Wiley, 366p. Emery, K. O., and J. HiLsEMANN 1963. Submarine canyons of southern California. Part I. Topography, water, and sediments. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeds., 27(1) :1-80, 22 figs. Emery, K. O., J. Hits—EMANN, and K. S. RopoLFo 1962. Influence of turbidity currents upon basin waters. Limnol. and Oceanog,., 7:439-446, 5 figs. Emery, K. O., and R. D. Terry 1956. A submarine slope of southern California. Jour. Geol., 64:271-280. ENEQUIsT, P. 1950. Studies on the soft-bottom amphipods of the Skagerak. Uppsala, Zool. Bidrag, 28 :297-492, 67 figs., 6 charts. GuRJANOVA, E. 1938. Amphipoda, Gammaroidea of Siaukhu Bay and Sudzukhe Bay (Ja- pan Sea). Jz Akad. Nauk SSSR, Dal’nevost. filial, Vladivostok. Rpts. of the Japan Sea Hydrobiol. Exped. in 1934, 1:241-404, 59 figs. (Eng- lish summary, pp. 382-404.) 1951. Bokoplavy morei SSSR i sopredel’nykh vod (Amphipoda-Gammar- idea). Akad. Nauk SSSR. Opredel. Faune SSSR, 41:1-1029, 705 figs. 1952. Novye vidy bokoplavov (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) iz dal’nevostoch- nykh morei. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Zool. Inst., Trudy, 12:171-194, 17 figs. 1953. Novye dopolneniia k dal’nevostochnoi faune morskikh bokoplavov. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Zool. Inst., Trudy, 13 :216-241, 19 figs. 1955. Novye vidy bokoplavov (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) iz severnoi chasti Tikhogo Okeana. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Zool. Inst., Trudy, 18:166- 218, 23 figs. 1962. Bokoplavy severnoi chasti Tikhogo Okeana (Amphipoda-Gammar- idea) chast’ I. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Opredel. Faune SSSR, 74:1-440, 143 figs. HarTMAN, O. 1955. Quantitative survey of the benthos of San Pedro Basin, southern Cali- fornia. Part I, Preliminary results. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeds., 19:1-185. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 99 1963. Submarine canyons of southern California. Part II, Biology. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeds., 27(2) :1-424, 27 figs. HARTMAN, O., and J. L. BARNARD 1958. The benthic fauna of the deep basins off southern California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeds., 22(1) :1-67, pls. 1-2, chart, 2 tables. 1960. The benthic fauna of the deep basins off southern California. Part II, Continued studies in the seaward and deeper basins. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeds., 22:217-284, 1 chart. HEDGPETH, J. W. 1957. Classification of marine environments. Iz Natl. Res. Council, Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology, I, Ecology, ed. by J. W. Hedg- peth, New York. Geol. Soc. Amer., Mem., 67:17-28, 5 figs. HEEZEN, B. C., M. Ewine, and R. J. MENZIES 1955. The influence of submarine turbidity currents on abyssal productivity. Oikos, 6:170-182, 7 figs. Houmes, S. J. 1905. The Amphipoda of southern New England. U. S. Bur. Fish., Bull., 24:459-529, 13 pls, numerous figs. 1908. The Amphipoda collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries Steamer “Albatross” off the west coast of North America, in 1903 and 1904, with descriptions of a new family and several new genera and species. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc., 35 :489-543, 46 figs. Hover ey, D. E. 1963. Amphipoda of the family Lysianassidae from the west coast of North and Central America. Allan Hancock Found., Occas. Pa., 25:1-160, 49 figs. Jouwnson, M. A. 1964. Turbidity currents. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., 2:31-43. KuNKEL, B. W. 1918. The Arthrostraca of Connecticut. Part I, Amphipoda. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Survey, Bull., 6, no. 26:15-181, 55 figs. ManseV, F. J. 1961. On the zoogeography and origin of the abyssal fauna, in view of the knowledge of the Porcellanasteridae. Iz Danish Deep-Sea Exped. round the world 1950-52. Galathea Rpt., Copenhagen, 4:177-218. Menzies, R. J., AND J. IMBRIE 1958. The antiquity of the deep sea bottom fauna. Oikos, 9:192-210, 2 figs. Mitts, E. L. 1961. Amphipod crustaceans of the Pacific coast of Canada. I. Family Atyl- idae. Canada, Natl. Mus., Bull., 172:13-33, 4 figs. 1962a. Amphipod crustaceans of the Pacific coast of Canada. II. Family Oedicerotidae. Canada, Natl. Mus., Nat. Hist. Pa., 15:1-21, 6 figs. 1962b. A new species of liljeborgiid amphipod, with notes on its biology. Crustaceana, 4:158-162, 2 figs. Nacata, K. 1960. Preliminary notes on benthic gammaridean Amphipoda from the Zostera region of Mihara Bay, Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab., Publ., 8(1) :163-182, 2 figs., pls. 13-17. NIcHOLLs, G. E. 1938. Amphipoda Gammaridea. Jn Australasian Antarctic Exped. 1911-14. Sci. Rpt., ser. C., Zool. and Bot., Sydney, 2(4) :1-145, 67 figs. 100 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 NorMaAN, A. M. 1900. British Amphipoda: Fam. Lysianassidae (concluded) Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (7) 5:196-214, pl. 6. PiILial, N. K. 1957. Pelagic Crustacea of Travancore. III. Amphipoda. Univ. Travan- core, Central Res. Inst., Trivandrum, Ser. C., Nat. Sci., 5(1) :29-68, 18 figs. Pirtor, J. MM. 1936. Les amphipodes de l’Expédition du Siboga. Deuxiéme partie. Les am- phipodes gammarides. II.—Les amphipodes de la mer profonde. 3. Addendum et partie générale. I1]—Les amphipodes littoraux. 1. Lysianassidae, Ampeliscidae, Leucothoidae, Stenothoidae, Phliantidae, Colomastigidae, Ochlesidae, Liljeborgiidae, Oedicerotidae, Synopiidae, Eusiridae, Gammaridae. Jn Siboga-Exped., Mon., Leiden, 33e:237-328, figs. 101-146. REIsH, D. J. 1959. An ecological study of pollution in Los Angeles-Long Beach harbors, California. Allan Hancock Found., Occas. Pa., 22:1-119, 18 pls. 1963. A quantitative study of the benthic polychaetous annelids of Bahia de San Quintin, Baja California. Pacific Naturalist, 3:397-436, 16 figs. ReEIsH, D. J., and J. L. BARNARD 1960. Field toxicity tests in marine waters utilizing the polychaetous annelid Capitella capitata (Fabricius). Pacific Naturalist, 1(21) :1-8, 5 figs. Sars, G. O. 1885. Zoology. Crustacea, I. In Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition 1876- 1878, Christiania, 6:1-280, 21 pls., chart. 1895. Amphipoda. Im his An Account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species, Christiania, Copen- hagen, 1 :i-viii, 1-711, 240 pls., 8 suppl. pls. SCHELLENBERG, A. 1925. Crustacea, VIII: Amphipoda. Iz Michaelsen, W., ed. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Meeresfauna Westafrikas, Hamburg, 3(4) :113-204, 27 figs. 1926. Die Gammariden der deutschen Sitidpolar-Expedition 1901-1903. In Deutsche Stidpolar-Exped., Berlin, 18:235-414, 68 figs. 1931. Gammariden und Caprelliden des Magellangebietes, Siidgeorgiens und der Westantarktis. Iz Swedish Antarctic Exped. 1901-1903, Further Zool. Res., Stockholm, 2(6) :1-290, 136 figs., 1 pl. 1942. Krebstiere oder Crustacea. IV: Flohkrebse oder Amphipoda. In Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, Jena, 40:1-252, 204 figs. SHOEMAKER, C, R. 1925. The Amphipoda collected by the United States Fisheries Steamer ‘ALBATROSS’ in 1911, chiefly in the Gulf of California. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bull., 52(2) :21-61, 26 figs. 1930. The Amphipoda of the Cheticamp Expedition of 1917. Canada, Biol. Bd., Contribs. to Canadian Biol., n. s. 5(10) :1-141, 54 figs. 1931. The stegocephalid and ampeliscid amphipod crustaceans of New- foundland, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick in the United States National Museum. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc., 79(2888) :1-18, 6 figs. 1938. Two new species of amphipod crustaceans from the east coast of the United States. Washington Acad. Sci., Jour., 28 :326-332, 2 figs. 1942. Amphipod crustaceans collected on the Presidential Cruise of 1938. Smithson. Miscell. Coll., 101(11) :1-52, 17 figs. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 101 1955a. Amphipoda collected at the Arctic Laboratory, Office of Naval Re- search, Point Barrow, Alaska, by G. E. MacGinitie. Smithson. Miscell. Coll., 128(1) :1-78, 20 figs. 1955b. Notes on the amphipod genus Maeroides thompsoni Walker. Washing- ton Acad. Sci., Jour., 45:59. STEBBING, T. R. R. 1888. Report on the Amphipoda collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Ix Great Britain. Rpt of Sci. Res. of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-76, Zool., Edinburgh, 29 :i-xxiv, 1-1737, 210 pls. 1897. Amphipoda from the Copenhagen Museum and other sources. Linn. Soc. London, Trans., Zool., (2) 7:25-45, pls. 6-14. 1906. Amphipoda I. Gammaridea. Im Das Tierreich, Berlin, 21:1-806, 127 figs. 1908. South African Crustacea (Part IV). So. African Mus., Ann., 6:1-96, 14 pls. 1910. Crustacea. Part 5. Amphipoda. (Sci. Res. Trawling Exped. of H. M. C. S. “Thetis”. Part XII.) Australian Mus., Mem., 4, v. 2:565- 658, pls. 47-60. STEBBING, T. R. R., and D. RoBERTSON 1891. On four new British Amphipoda. Zool. Soc. London, Trans., 13 :31-42, pls. 5-6. STEPHENSEN, K. 1931a. Crustacea Malacostraca. VII. (Amphipoda. III.) Im Danish Ingolf- Exped., Copenhagen, 3(11) :179-290, figs. 54-81, charts 32-51. 1931b.On Lepidepecreella cymba (Goés), a gammarid amphipod from Spitsbergen. Ark. Zool., 22A(9) :1-6, 2 figs. 1935. The Amphipoda of N. Norway and Spitsbergen with adjacent waters. Troms¢ Mus., Skrifter, 3(1) :1-140, 19 figs., charts. 1938. The Amphipoda of N. Norway and Spitsbergen with adjacent waters. Troms¢ Mus., Skrifter, 3(2) :141-278, figs. 20-31. 1940. Marine Amphipoda. Zoology of Iceland, 3(26) :1-111, 13 figs. 1944. The Zoology of East Greenland. Amphipoda. Denmark. Medd. om Grénland, 121(14) : 1-165, 18 figs. StouT, V. R. 1913. Studies in Laguna Amphipoda. Zool. Jahrb., Syst., 34:633-659, 3 figs. TuHorson, G. 1957. Bottom communities (sublittoral or shallow shelf). Jz Natl. Res. Coun- cil, Treatise on Marine Ecology and Paleoecology, I, Ecology, ed. by J. W. Hedgpeth, New York. Geol. Soc. Amer., Mem., 67:461-534, 20 figs. THORSTEINSON, E. D. 1941. New or noteworthy amphipods from the North Pacific Coast. Uniy. Washington Publ. Oceanog., 4(2) :50-96, 8 pls. WALKER, A. O. 1898. Crustacea collected by W. A. Herdman, F. R. S., in Puget Sound, Pacific coast of North America, September, 1897. Liverpool Biol. Soc., Trans., 12:268-287, pls. 15-16. 1905. Marine Crustaceans. XVI. Amphipoda. Jm Gardiner, J. S., ed. Fauna and Geogr. of the Maldive and Laccadive Archs., Cambridge, Eng., 2, Suppl. 1:923-932, figs. 140-142, pl. 88. ZENKEVITCH, L. A., and J. A. BIRSTEIN 1960. On the problem of the antiquity of the deep-sea fauna. Deep-Sea Re- search, 7:10-23, 1 fig. 102 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.2/ APPENDIX I Depth distribution of the Amphipoda of submarine canyons of California, arranged in depth classes with lists of species and specimens. 15-100 m Acuminodeutopus heteruropus, 7 Monoculodes norvegicus, 1 Ampelisca brevisimulata, 23 oedicerotid, 3 Ampelisca compressa, 17 Orchomene pacifica, 1 Ampelisca cristata, 32 Pachynus barnardi, 1 Ampelisca hancocki, 5 Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, 11 Ampelisca macrocephala, 28 Paraphoxus daboius, 1 A mpelisca milleri, 1 Paraphoxus epistomus, 65 Ampelisca pacifica, 1 Paraphoxus fatigans, 20 Ampelisca pugetica, 12 Paraphoxus heterocuspidatus, 3 Amphideutopus oculatus, 7 Paraphoxus lucubrans, 4 A mpithoe mea, 2 Paraphoxus obtusidens, 41 A oroides columbiae, 197 Paraphoxus similis, 8 Byblis veleronis, 2 Paraphoxus spinosus, 19 Ericthonius brasiliensis, 4 Paraphoxus stenodes, 75 Eurystheus thompsoni, 5 Paraphoxus tridentatus, 4 Garosyrrhoe bigarra, 1 Paraphoxus variatus, 2 Heterophoxus oculatus, 1 Parapleustes pugettensis, 89 Ischyrocerus pelagops, 24 Photis bifurcata, 9 Listriella eriopisa, 3 Photis brevipes, 56 Listriella goleta, 43 Photis sp., 148 Listriella melanica, 7 Prachynella lodo, 1 Lysianassa oculata, 4 Protomedeia articulata, 14 lysianassid, 1 Pseudokoroga rima, 2 Megaluropus longimerus, 1 Synchelidium rectipalmum, 6 Megamphopus sp., 2 Synchelidium shoemakeri, 9 Melphisana bola, 1 Synchelidium sp., 1 Mesostenothoides bicoma, 1 Synchelidium sp. G, 16 Metaphoxus frequens, 1 Urothoe varvarini, 6 Monoculodes hartmanae, 3 101-200 m A mpelisca brevisimulata, 7 A oroides columbiae, 4 A mpelisca compressa, 6 Atylus tridens, 1 A mpelisca hancocki, 1 Bathymedon roquedo, 1 Ampelisca macrocephala, 72 Bruzelia tuberculata, 1 A mpelisca pacifica, 10 Byblis veleronis, 1 Anonyx carinatus, 2 Dexamonica reduncans, 4 No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 103 Dulichia sp., 1 Ericthonius brasiliensis, 1 Haploops spinosa, | Har piniopsis fulgens, 9 Heterophoxus oculatus, 118 Hippomedon denticulatus, 4 Liljeborgia sp., 5 Listriella albina, 3 Listriella eriopisa, 10 Listriella goleta, 4 Lysianassa holmesi, 2 Lysianassa oculata, 2 Maera danae, 30 Melita dentata, 1 Metaphoxus frequens, 114 Metaphoxus fultoni, 1 Metopasp., 1 Monoculodes emarginatus, 2 Monoculodes perditus, 1 Nicippe tumida, 16 oedicerotid, 1 O pisa tridentata, 2 Orchomene decipiens, 34 Orchomene pacifica, 5 Pachynus barnardi, 12 A cidostoma hancochki, 1 Ampelisca compressa, 3 Ampelisca lobata, 5 Ampelisca macrocephala, 25 Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae, 26 Ampelisca pacifica, 16 Ampelisca pugetica, 7 A mpelisca romigi, 2 aorid, 1 Aoroides columbiae, 3 Byblis veleronis, 6 Ceradocus spinicaudus, 2 Ericthonius hunteri, 8 Eurystheus thompsoni, 1 Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, 107 Paraphoxus epistomus, 1 Paraphoxus obtusidens, 1 Paraphoxus oculatus, 4 Paraphoxus robustus, 9 Paraphoxus similis, 30 Pardaliscella symmetrica, 2 Pardisynopia synopiae, 5 Photis brevipes, 10 Photis lacia, 31 Photis macrotica, 4 Photis sp., 6 Phoxocephalus homilis, 67 Podocerus cristatus, 2 pontogeneiid, 1, (5114) Prachynella lodo, 2 Protomedeia articulata, 3 Protomedeia (2) prudens, 1 Sympleustes subglaber, 2 Synchelidium sp., 1 Syrrhoe sp., 1 Urothoe varvarini, 2 W estwoodilla caecula acutifrons, 22 201-300 m Har piniopsis fulgens, 11 Heterophoxus oculatus, 69 Ischyrocerus sp., | Listriella albina, 13 Listriella eriopisa, 4 Listriella goleta, 2 Maera simile, 22 Mesometopa neglecta roya, 4 Mesostenothoides bicoma, 1 Metaphoxus frequens, 5 Metopella apor pis, 3 Microdeutopus schmitti, 4 Orchomene decipiens, 2 Pachynus barnardi, 2 Paraphoxus abronius, | 104 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, 2 Paraphoxus calcaratus, 5 Paraphoxus obtusidens, 4 Paraphoxus oculatus, 6 Paraphoxus robustus, 3 Paraphoxus spinosus, 2 Paraphoxus stenodes, 2 Pardaliscoides fictotelson, 3 Photis brevipes, 4 Ampelisca compressa, | Ampelisca macrocephala, 45 A mpelisca macrocephala unsocalae, 6 A mpelisca pugetica, 6 ?A oroides columbiae, | Argissa hamatipes, | Byblis veleronis, | Ericthonius hunter, 2 Gitanopsis vilordes, | Har piniopsis emeryt, | Har piniopsis epistomata, 2 Har piniopsis fulgens, 13 Heterophoxus oculatus, 33 Listriella albina, 8 Photis macrotica, 13 Photis sp., 1 Phoxocephalus homilis, 28 Prachynella lodo, 2 Synchelidium sp., 2 Urothoe varvarini, 6 W estwoodilla caecula acutifrons, 4 Unknown, 1 301-400 m Listriella eriopisa, | Listriella goleta, 3 Maera danae, 2 Monoculodes latissimanus, 5 Nicippe tumida, 4 Pachynus barnardi, 2 Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, 3 Paraphoxus oculatus, 4 Paraphoxus robustus, | Paraphoxus spinosus, | Paraphoxus stenodes, 2 Phoxocephalus homilis, 18 Synchelidium sp., 1 Urothoe varvarini, | Family ?, 1 The 21 samples have only 170 specimens, 3 of the samples lacking amphipods, and none of them having more than 28 specimens. One would expect this body of samples to have large populations because of the medium grain-size of their sediments. This is almost exclusively a shallow water facies, except for the harpinias and the blind Ampelisca m. unsocalae. Ampelisca brevisimulata, 2 Ampelisca macrocephala, 2 A mpelisca macrocephala unsocalae, 4 A mpelisca pacifica, 2 Ampelisca pugetica, 6 A mpelisca romigi, 2 Byblis bathyalis, 2 401-500 m Byblis 2veleronis, 16 Har piniopsis epistomata, 26 Har piniopsis fulgens, 2 Heterophoxus oculatus, 9 Leptophoxus falcatus icelus, 1 Liljeborgia cota, 4 Listriella goleta, 1 Megamphopus sp., 2 No. 5 Melphidippa (?) amorita, | Metaphoxus frequens, 5 Paraphoxus bicuspidatus, | Paraphoxus calcaratus, 99 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 105 Pardisynopia synopiae, 2 Photis spp., 94 Phoxocephalus homilis, 17 Uristes californicus, 2 Paraphoxus daboius, | Urothoe varvarini, 3 Paraphoxus obtusidens, 48 These 21 samples have 354 specimens, but 8 samples lacked amphi- pods. Essentially, this is a shallow water facies penetrated by some deep water species such as the blind subspecies of Ampelisca macrocephala, Byblis bathyalis, the harpinias, and Liljeborgia. 501-600 m Heterophoxus oculatus, 2 Liljeborgia cota, 5 Listriella albina, 3 Listriella eriopisa aber., 1 Monoculodes glyconica, | Paraphoxus epistomus, | Paraphoxus ?spinosus, 1 Proboloides tunda, 2 Ampelisca coeca, | A mpelisca macrocephala unsocalae, 6 Bathymedon covilhani, 2 Byblis barbarensis, 6 Har piniopsis epistomata, 32 Har piniopsis fulgens, 2 Har piniopsis naiadis, 4 These 19 samples, of which 9 samples lack amphipods, have 69 specimens. The high percentage of blank samples and low number of specimens perhaps is related to the oxygen minimum layer of the sea. This is a strongly mixed shallow and deep water fauna, especially domi- nated by Harpiniopsis epistomata. 601-700 m A cidostoma hancock, 2 A mpelisca coeca, | Ampelisca 2compressa, 3 A mpelisca macrocephala, | A mpelisca macrocephala unsocalae, 22 A mpelisca romigi ciego, 2 ampeliscid, 1 Byblis barbarensis, 2 Byblis cf. veleronis, 1 Har piniopsis emeryt, 1 Har piniopsis epistomata, 7 Har piniopsis fulgens, 1 Heterophoxus oculatus, 2 Liljeborgia cota, 2 Oediceropsis elsula, 1 Orchomene decipiens, | Paraphoxus oculatus, 1 Pardaliscella symmetrica, | Phoxocephalus homilis, 1 Proboloides tunda, 7 106 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 These 17 samples have 60 specimens, with 6 samples lacking amphi- pods, probably because some are very near sill depths of San Pedro and Santa Monica basins (737 m). Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae domi- nates the group. Species that are much deeper than their normal limits are A. compressa, of doubtful identification, Proboloides tunda and a deep water species that is near its shallow limits: 4mpelisca romigi ciego. 701-800 m A mpelisca coeca, | Har piniopsis fulgens, 5 A mpelisca macrocephala, | Heterophoxus oculatus, 4 A mpelisca macrocephala Listriella albina, 1 unsocalae, 4 Monoculodes norvegicus, | Bathymedon kassites, 7 Orchomene decipiens, 1 Byblis barbarensis, 4 Paraphoxus daboius, | Byblis veleronis, 1 Paraphoxus oculatus, 1 Har piniopsis emeryi, 1 Protomedeia articulata, 111 Flarpiniopsis epistomata, 16 The 13 samples have 160 specimens; 5 samples lacked amphipods. This group of samples is dominated by the single Monterey Canyon station 6494 where 111 Protomedeia articulata were collected on a bot- tom heavy with eel-grass debris. Since that situation is not typical of canyons in southern California, additional calculations have been made in the tables in these depths to reflect the unusual population of Proto- medeia. Otherwise, Harpiniopsis epistomata dominates the amphipods. Transition to deep bathyal is seen with the co-occurrence of 4 mpelisca macrocephala and its blind subspecies 4. m. unsocalae, by the combina- tion of Bybdlis barbarensis with B. veleronis, and the mixture of Orcho- mene decipiens and Paraphoxus daboius with other much deeper species such as A mpelisca coeca. 801-1000 m Ampelisca macrocephala Har piniopsis profundis, | unsocalae, 14 Heterophoxus oculatus, | A mpelisca plumosa, 2 Liljeborgia cota, | A mpelisca romigi ciego, 2 Oediceropsis morosa, 1 Byblis bathyalis, 2 Paraphoxus daboius, 9 Byblis cf. barbarensis, 1 Paraphoxus oculatus, 1 Byblis tannerensis, 3 Protomedeia articulata, 20 Har piniopsis emeryi, 2 Schisturella zopa, 3 Har piniopsis epistomata, 4 Tosilus arroyo, 1 Har piniopsis excavata, 1 Urothoe varvarini, 3 Tar piniopsis naiadis, 2 No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 107 These 9 samples, of which only one lacks amphipods, have 72 speci- mens. As in the 701-800 depth group, a Monterey sample is present with Protomedeia articulata, untypical of canyons in southern California. Otherwise, these samples are dominated by the blind subspecies of 4 mpel- isca macrocephala and mixture is seen by the presence of Paraphoxus daboius, with the deep water harpinias, ampeliscas and byblises, the deep water species clearly dominating these depths. 1001-1620 m ampeliscids, fragments, 2 Oediceropsis (Paroediceroides ) Har piniopsis petulans, | trepadora, | Har piniopsis profundis, | Tryphosa index, 1 Metopa samsiluna, 1 Only one of these samples lacks amphipods, the other 4 bearing 7 specimens. These samples are most interesting because in their respective areas they are just above sill depths of San Clemente Basin or are in the Coronado Canyon. They are the deepest canyon samples above sill depths. Three of the species are new, so that the fauna reveals no rela- tionship to either shallower depths of canyons or subsill faunas of basins. 108 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 APPENDIX II List of Californian borderland basins, their samples, depths in m, and Amphipoda. Station numbers are listed first, depths in parentheses and number of specimens in brackets. Santa Barbara Basin: 3504 (493) [0], 3731 (503) [2], 3733 (558) [0], 3503 (581) [0], 4999 (618) [0]. Byblis barbarensis, 2. Santa Monica Basin: 26 samples, all but one lacking Amphipoda. Added here to the 19 samples in Hartman and Barnard (1958, 1960) are these samples taken in canyons but below sill depths of basins: 6918 (Dume), 2474 (Redondo), 6913 (Mugu), 2139 (Redondo), 6777 (Santa Monica), 6776 (Santa Monica), 2403 (Redondo). Liljeborgia cota, |. San Pedro Basin: Samples with Amphipoda are: 2410 (750), 2636 (754), 2440 (760), 2343 (765), 2335 (769), 2439 (796), 2229 (805), 7497 (833), and 66 samples lacking Amphipoda from depths of 750 to 906 m; 53 of the samples lacking Amphipoda exceed 796 m. Ampelisca coeca, 1, Ampelisca macrocephala, 3, Ampelisca pugetica, 3, Har piniopsis epistomata, 29, Heterophoxus oculatus, 1, Liljeborgia cota, 1, Monoculodes norvegicus, 1, Urothoe varvarini, 1. Santa Catalina Basin: 3026 (1016) [0], 2846 (1120) [2], 2850 (1135) [145 4742 (1195) [0], 59385" (1225) 3) 2169-125) ea 2130° (1260) [1], 6828" (1272) [5], 2849" (1282) 93 53025. i293) [0], 2848 (1305) [0], 5104 (1330) [0]. Ampelisca eoa, 2, Byblis bar- barensis, 2, Harpiniopsis emeryi, 3, Harpiniopsis excavata, 2, Harpiniop- sis profundis, 1, Heterophoxus oculatus, 5, Leptophoxus falcatus icelus, 3, Liljeborgia cota, 2, Nicippe tumida, 1, Paraphoxus oculatus, 2, steno- thoid, 1, (2850), ?genus, 3, (2850), 2, (2169), 1, (2849). Santa Cruz Basin: 6810 (1387) [3], 5925 (1411) [9], 3029 (1514) [1], 5928 (1520). [0], 68) (1624), [0]; 5930 Ci7ea)eiaik 3028 (1788) [2], 5929 (1850) [0], 3027 (1918) [3], 5927 (2030) [0], 5926 (2080) [1]. Ampelisca sp., 3, Bathymedon covilhani, 1, Har piniopsis epistomata, 6, Harpiniopsis emeryi, 1, Harpiniopsis fulgens, 2, Heterophoxus oculatus, 10, Nicippe tumida, 1. Tanner Basin: 6348 (1292) [9], 6832 (1298) [10], 6347 (1414) [4], 6346 (1481) [4], 6345 (1486) [0], 5120 (1527) [0], 6344 (1533) [2]. Ampelisca eoa, 2, Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae, 3, Ampelisca amblyopsoides, 3, Bathymedon covilhani, 1, Bonnierella lin- earis californica, 1, Harpiniopsis fulgens, 5, Harpiniopsis similis honda- nada, 2, Harpiniopsis spp., 2, Heterophoxus oculatus, 3, Liljeborgia cota, 3, Sophrosyne robertsoni, 2, Urothoe varvarini, 2. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 109 San Nicolas Basin: 6336 (1227) [3], 6337 (1245) [0], 6342 (1551) [2], 6339 (1608) [3], 5931 (1609) [0], 6341 (1670) [2], 6340 (1731) [2], 6338 (1735) [6], 6343 (1747) [1], 5933 (1749) [5], 5116 (1796) [0]. Bonnierella linearis californica, 1, Byblis sp., 2, Harpiniopsis emeryi, 1, Harpiniopsis fulgens, 4, Heterophoxus ocu- latus, 8, Hirondellea fidenter, 1, Liljeborgia cota, 1, ?Orchomene sp., 1, Pardaliscella symmetrica, 5. San Clemente Basin: 6089 (2036) [1], 4669 (2059) [3], 6091 (2070) [1], 5945 (2089) [1], 6092 (2100) [3], 5946 (2124) [1]. Byblis sp., 2, Harpiniopsis emeryi, 1, Harpiniopsis fulgens, 1, Harpiniop- sis profundis, 1, Harpiniopsis sp., 1, Heterophoxus oculatus, 1, Lepidepe- creella charno, 1, Phoxocephalus homilis, 1, Unknown, 1. East Cortes Basin: 5944 (1797) [0], 5943 (1801) [7], 5942 (1872) [1]. Ampelisca spp., 2, Coxophoxus hidalgo, 6. West Cortes Basin: 4675 (1487) [0], 5939 (1668) [0], 5940 (1923) [2], 5941 (1924) [1]. Ampelisca sp., 1, Byblis sp., 1, Har- piniopsis sp., 1. Long Basin: 6351 (1821) [9], 6350 (1833) [1], 6349 (1961) [0]. Ampelisca eoa, 1, Ampelisca plumosa, 3, Harpiniopsis fulgens, 4, Liljeborgia cota, 1, Unknown, 1. Velero Basin: 5947 (2276) [0], 5948 (2580) [0]. Patton Escarpment: 5937 (1426) [5], 5938 (1760) [11]. Ampel- isca eoa, 4, Ampelisca macrocephala unsocalae, 2, Ampelisca plumosa, 4, Bruzelia ascua, 1, Haploops sp., 1, Harpiniopsis sp., 1, ?Harpinioides sp., 1, Leptophoxus falcatus icelus, 1, ?Pardaliscella sp., 1. 110 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 APPENDIX III Distribution of the submarine canyon samples with depth, their sediments and Amphipoda. Canyon symbols are: Ca=Santa Catalina; Cl=San Clemente; Co=Coronado; D=Dume; H=Hueneme; J=La Jolla; Mo= Santa Monica; Mt=Monterey; Mu=Mugu; N=Newport; R= Redondo; S=San Pedro sea valley; SD=San Diego trough; T= Tanner ; Z=Santa Cruz. Distance Above Median Percent No. of Sample Canyon Depth,m Axis,m Diameter,mm Sand Amphipoda 4852 Mu 15 105 110 94 671 C 7031 N 16 0 .046 +4 p| 5006 N Sib ee eee ee des 12 5250 N Si 0 055 48 I CEs) C 7044 ji 79 0 077 dZ 20 C 7030 N 85 3 .022 9 11 C 6803 Z, 89 0 .268 93 249 5367 N Ok Cowen Oy 74 ZIi25 R LOT Gye Pee 25 2192 R LES: =a NERS aM | See. wie 13 C 6781 Mo 116 0 285 14/70 21 C 6902 Mu 119 0 1.986 29/53 0 3385 R 120 430 .042 17 126 C 7038 iI 121 200 041 5) 62 Dia, R t22 430 058 47 49 C 6846 Co 123 9 .072 66 60 C 7043 iI 135 0 144 94 6 C 7284 R isi 0 .031 17 S) 5661 N De bE ee ce ae zi 0 5960 R 146 400 072 62 116 3164 R 148 0 .039 36 1 5114 H 165 20 26 89 8 C 6499 Mt OSs ese eae eee ate 41 7029 N 170 + .026 5 25 4851 Mu 171 $29 .042 41 119 Spa! H 77 Pe ee = ee ats 6 C 6845 Co 1 Z .046 38 105 C 7054 N 178 91 041 BY 22 5688 H LSGh>)° eee tere neaees oe. 0 C 6780 Mo 183 0 102 70 1 NO. J) Sample C 6854 4846 C 6822 C 6805 C 6806 C7174 2358 2191 ©7730 2149 C7285 C 6498 C 6821 3000 C 6896 C 7028 C 7045 C6815 2148 C 6835 C6915 C6501 3180 C 6897 2190 C 6849 C 6903 C 6909 3179 C 6818 3166 C 7039 Ss C 6898 5505 5686 9532 C 6816 C 7286 Canyon Tea Ons SOn rt Sh eee se eee Ose eee ae NNO BARNARD: AMPHIPODA Distance Percent Depth,m Axis,m Diameter,mm Sand 187 209 216 218 ILA 221 229 232 236 239 246 260 266 268 271 212 274 282 298 298 299 319 330 338 344 344 352 352 362 362 363 371 373 373 374 374 376 378 378 Above Median 0 013 0 031 0 029 2h. Le 200 047 0 015 “16 051 0 024 1 095 86 027 6 218 0 014 6 043 9 095 “9 005 0 029 230 014 50 038 37 028 5 029 13 095 “46 018 0 032 8 051 0 .044-,062 18 9 7 47 36 40-53 111 No. of Amphipoda 18 2 HS 41 108 52 0 21 — bo W DN KH KH WONTNTUWHOAAAPAA WARK ANKE NA NDOT I OW O —e W 112 Sample C 6819 C7053 5046 C 7160 C 6497 C7052 2189 C 7154 3178 C7287 2219 2599 C 6899 2218 C 6804 5639 3399 2793 C755 C 6779 C 6904 C 6900 C 7032 C 6836 7288 5674 C 7046 3167 2317 C 6916 2151 S77 C 7041 C 6502 C 6910 C 6831 C7051 3168 C 6820 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Canyon Ca N D 5 oer ee te awe WwZOP nae won row Z 2) EX) Distance Percent Depth,m Axis,m Diameter,mm Sand 379 396 398 406 410 420 422 426 431 431 437 454 456 459 459 461 463 465 468 475 475 478 478 496 503 507 a1 519 522 530 542 542 545 547 548 549 553 554 559 Above Median 0 031 0 088 100 .019-.082 “58 036 “70 010 0 .029-.038 105 035 9 165 7 250 190 042 125 038 soc, ee 0 125 0 268 1 022 2 038 mo oe 0 062 _ 074 40 043 “15 022 “30 016 90 010 "35 024 190 019 0 116 35 043 0 040 16 60 15-57 16 10 29-38 14 36/52 90 14 36 63 6/89 11 36 50 VOL. 27 No. of Amphipoda 19 So bo RN — — nn OPK WR WODWOONTUORKFDOOTOWN ODOM oe LS) ocr MNMOONOCOOCOOCOF — No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 113 Distance Above Median Percent No. of Sample Canyon Depth,m Axis,m Diameter,mm Sand Amphipoda C7289 R 560 0 mb) 95 S) C 6852 Co 566 29 .005-.036 6-32 0 2150 R S/o | ee ane 2: es 0 C 6778 Mo 583 5 044 41 0 2123 R CONT es ke lee Be 0 C 6834 ae 603 13 .062 62 3 C 7290 R 611 0 .036 25 6 3176 Mo 612 30 009 2 1 C 6901 H 621 2 154 90 0 C 6809 Z 623 350 3.46 88 10 C 7404 SD O26) Be al oe 0 C 7040 J 637 0 103 92 0 C 7050 N 642 Oe eet Ryste® cae 1 C 6837 fg 644 53 2053 67 9 C6911 Mu 644 0 072 61 15 5676 D OZ wont Wy gto 1 C 6503 S GOON 7 pee Pe Pee 0 2336 S GOVE, . 2h en See 0 C 7403 SD O12.” 82 Fee baa Il C 6812 Zz 676 400 054 49 1, 2475 R Bebe sy pase N ~~ ee 1 C 7402 SD OSG er 1 C 6830 Ca 708 SS a 2 C 7048 if 708 90 007 0 C 6917 D 7A 0 O13 11 0 2476 R TN Sipe Dh es ge ao 0 C 6861 S 716 0 O11 9 0 C6912 Mu (PA 0 O51 35 2 6494 Mt Ot ie caicce Ty, Fe 120 7396 SD TGP Wg LS 7 C7399 SD TRON CONSE, | eee 1 C7395 SD Tak) | ae ee 2 C 7728 SD TOOT a huieseee |) | peeiuies ae 9 C 7047 | 793 0 .062 53 16 C 6851 Co 812 5 022 5 4 C 6833 its 813 il 134 93 35 C 6829 Ca 853 Dior) Capes ec — 0 C 6808 ZL 902 0 .028-.047 31-46 2 C 6490 Mt SGES Mie oe Sain Al eee 20 114 Sample C 2847 C 6838 C 6850 C 7049 C 6844 C 6842 C 6839 C 6841 C 6840 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS Canyon Ca Gl Co J Co Co Cl Cl Gl Distance Above Median Percent Depth,m Axis,m Diameter,mm Sand O14 950 960 976 1105 1265 1406 1591 1620 .032 6 011-.102 4-82 017-044 12-41 041 40 203 91 VOL. 27 No. of Amphipoda Oo NOW KS Ne WY No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 115 = hh NS NY ———_ SS Figure 1 Ampelisca romigi ciego, new subspecies. Female, 9.5 mm, sta. 6833: A, lateral view; B,C,D, uropods 1, 2, 3; E, ends of rami of uropod 3: F, telson; G, uropod 3. 116 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL..27 Figure 2 Ampelisca romigt ciego, new subspecies. Female, 9.5 mm, sta. 6833: A, head; B,C, gnathopods 1, 2; D,E,F,G,H, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; I, article 5 of pereopod 5. Juvenile, 4.0 mm: J, pereopod 5S. BARNARD: AMPHIPODA ti? NO. Figure 3 Byblis bathyalis, new species. Holotype, female, 9.7 mm, sta. 6836: AS A, lateral view; B,C, ends of antennae 1, and 2, cut from figure D, head; E,F,G,H, uropods 1, 2, 3, 3; I, telson; J, end of telson. 118 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC. EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 > WF Figure 4 Byblis bathyalis, new species. Holotype, female, 9.7 mm, sta. 6836: A,B, gnathopods 1, 2,; C,D,E,F,G, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA Figure 5 Byblis tannerensis, new species. Holotype, female, 9.5 mm, sta. 6833: A, lateral view; B,C,D,E, uropods 1, 2, 3, 3; F, telson. 119 120 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 6 Byblis tannerensis, new species. Holotype, female, 9.5 mm, sta. 6833: A, head; B,C, gnathopods 1, 2; D,E,F,G,H, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 121 =— _—_—_——- Lz WZ71h BARNARD: AMPHIPODA Figure 7 Haploops spinosa Shoemaker. Female, 9.0 mm, sta. 6002. 122 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 8 Haploops spinosa Shoemaker. Female, 9.0 mm, sta. 6002: A,B, gnathopods 1, 2; C,D,E,F, pereopods 2, 3, 4, 5; G,H,I, uropods 1, 2, 3; J, telson. NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 123 Figure 9 Atylus tridens (Alderman). Female, 6.0 mm, sta. 7043: A, lateral view, less legs; B, mandible; C,D, gnathopod 1 medial views; E,F, gnathopod 2, medial views; G,H,I,K,L, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; J, pereopod 3 of other side of animal; M,N,O, uropods 1 2, 3; P, telson. 124 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 10 Ericthonius 2difformis Milne Edwards. Male, 7.5 mm, sta. 6909: A, head; B, gnathopod 1; C,D, gnathopod 2; E,F,G, pereopods 1, 2, 3; H, scale of telson; I,J,K,L, uropods 1, 2, 3, 3; M, telson. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 125 Figure 11 Bonnierella linearis californica, new subspecies. Holotype, male, 3.0 mm, sta. 6348: A, head and epistome-upper lip complex; B, man- dible; C, maxilliped; D, gnathopod 1; E,F, gnathopod 2, medial and lateral views; G, uropod 1; H, uropod 3, with enlargement of outer ramus; I, telson. Female, 2.75 mm, sta. 6839: J,K, gnathopod 1; L, gnathopod 2; M,N, pereopods 1, 3. Figure 12 Listriella albina J. L. Barnard. Male, 5.4 mm, sta. 7288: A, lateral view; B, head; C,D, gnathopod 1; E,F, gnathopod 2; G, pereopod 1; H,I,J, uropods 1, 2, 3; K, telson. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 127 Figure 13 Acidostoma hancocki Hurley. Juvenile, 1.8 mm, sta. 6837: A, uropod 2; B,C,D, pereopods 3, 4, 5; E,F, maxilla 1. MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY LIBRARY WOODS HOLE, MASS. Wal Oet: 128 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 14 Hippomedon tenax, new species. Male, 4.0 mm, sta. 5828: A, lateral view; B,C, gnathopods 1, 2; D,E,F, uropods 1, 2, 3; G, telson. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA Figure 15 Hirondellea fidenter, new species. Male, 4.7 mm, sta. 6336: A, lateral view minus uropod 1; B,C, uropods 1, 2; D, inner ramus of uropod 2; E,F, uropod 3; G, telson. 129 Figure 16 Hirondellea fidenter, new species. Male, 4.7 mm, sta. 6336: A, front of head and epistome-upper lip complex; B, antenna 2; C, mandible; D, lower lip; E,F, maxillae 1, 2; G, maxilliped; H,I, gnathopod 1; J,K, gnathopod 2; L,M, pereopods 1, 4. NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA Figure 17 Lepidepecreella charno, new species. Holotype, female, 4.5 mm, sta. 6091; A, lateral view; B, head with epistome-upper lip complex shaded; C,D, antenna 1; E, antenna 2; F, lower lip; G,H, maxilla 1; I, maxilla 2; J, maxilliped; K, gnathopod 1; L, gnathopod 2; M,N,O,P,Q, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; R,S,T, uropods 1, 2, 3; U, telson; V, mandible. 131 132 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 18 Schisturella cocula, new species. Holotype, male, 6.7 mm, sta. 5996: A, lateral view; B, upper lip and epistome complex; C,D, gnatho- pods 1, 2; E,F,G, uropods 1, 2, 3; H, inner ramus of uropod 2. no. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 133 Figure 19 Schisturella cocula, new species. Holotype, male, 6.7 mm, sta. 5996: A, base of antenna 2; B, mandible; C,D, ends of gnathopods 1, 2; E, telson. 134 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 20 Schisturella zopa, new species. Holotype, 2.9 mm, sta. 2847: A, lateral view; B, head and epistome-upper lip complex; C,D, antennae 1, 2; E, mandible; F, maxilla 1; G, inner plate of maxilla 1; H, maxilla 2; I, maxilliped; J,K,L, gnathopod 1; M,N, gnatho- pod 2; O, pereopod 1; P,Q,R, uropods 1, 2, 3; S, inner ramus of uropod 2; T, telson. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 135 Figure 21 Sophrosyne robertsoni Stebbing and Robertson. Female, 8.0 mm, station 6832: A, lateral view; B,C, mandibles; D,E, first maxillae; F,G, second maxillae; H, maxilliped. 136 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL.2/ Figure 22 Sophrosyne robertsoni Stebbing and Robertson. Female, 8.0 mm, sta. | 6832: A, head; B, urosome (pleonal segments 4, 5, 6); C, antenna 1; D,E, gnathopod 1; F,G,H, gnathopod 2; I, pereopod 1; J,K,L, uropods 1, 2, 3; M, telson. NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 137 Figure 23 Thrombasia tracalero, new genus, new species. Holotype, male, 4.5 mm, sta. 2789: A, lateral view; B,C, uropods 1, 2; D, inner ramus of uropod 2; E, uropod 3; F, telson. 138 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 24 Thrombasia tracalero, new genus, new species. Holotype, male, 4.5 mm, sta. 2789: A, head and epistome-upper lip complex; B, mandible; C,D, maxillae 1, 2; E, maxilliped; F, antenna 1; G,H, gnathopod 1; I,J, gnathopod 2; K,L,M, pereopods 3, 4, 5. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 139 Figure 25 Tryphosa index, new species. Male, 6.5 mm, sta. 6840: A, lateral view; B, head and epistome-upper lip complex; C, outer plate of maxilliped; D,E, gnathopod 1; F,G, gnathopod 2; H, pereopod 2; I,J,K, uropods 1, 2, 3; L, telson. 140 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 26 Melphidippa (?) amorita, new species. Holotype, female, 6.4 mm, sta. 6836: A, lateral view; B, upper lip; C, mandible; D, lower lip; E,F, maxillae 1, 2; G, maxilliped; H, pereopod 4, right side; I,J, gnathopods 1, 2; K, telson; L, enlargement of third pleonal epimeron. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 141 Figure 27 Bathymedon covilhani J. L. Barnard. Male, 7.0 mm, sta. 6820: A, head; B, antenna 1; C, epistome; D,E, mandible; F,G, gnathopod 1; H,I, gnathopod 2; J,K,L,M,N, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; O, telson; P, metasome. 142 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 28 Bathymedon kassites, new species. Holotype, female, 3.2 mm, sta. 6494: A, head and epistome; B, metasome; C, antenna 1; D, mandi- ble; E,F, gnathopod 1; G,H, gnathopod 2; I,J,K, pereopods 3, 4, 5; L,M, coxae 3, 4; N, telson. Female, 3.0 mm: O,P, pereopods 1, 3. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 143 Figure 29 Monoculodes latissimanus Stephensen. Female, 3.0 mm, sta. 6819: A, head: B, metasome; C,D, gnathopods 1, 2; E,F,G,H,I, pereopods 152)3:)4, 5c) J, telsone 144 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 30 Monoculodes perditus, new species. Holotype, male, 2.7 mm, sta. 6845: A, head; B, gnathopod 1. Male, 2.9 mm, sta. 6845: C, head; D, metasome; E, gnathopod 1; F,G, gnathopod 2; H, antenna 1; I,J,K,L, pereopods 1, 3, 4, 5; M, telson. | No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 145 Figure 31 Oediceropsis (Paroediceroides) elsula, new species. Holotype, female, 3.6 mm, sta. 6837: A,B, head; C, metasome; D,E, gnathopods 1, 2; F,G,H, pereopods 3, 4, 5; I, coxa 4; J, telson. 146 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 32 Oediceropsis (Paroediceroides) morosa, new species. Holotype, fe- male, 5.5 mm, sta. 6833: A, lateral view; B, head; C,D, antennae 1, 2; E,F, gnathopod 1; G, gnathopod 2; H, pereopod 1; I, J, ends of pereopods 1, 3; K, telson. NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 147 Figure 33 Ocediceropsis (Paroediceroides) trepadora J. L. Barnard. Male, 5.0 mm, sta. 6839: A, head; B, metasome; C, antenna 1; D,E, gnathopod 1, lateral and medial views; F,G, gnathopod 2, lateral views; H, article 5 of gnathopod 1, lateral view; I,J, coxae 3, 4; K,L,M,N,O, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; P, telson. 148 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 34 Pardaliscoides fictotelson, new species. Holotype, male, 2.7 mm, sta. 6805: A, head; B,C, antennae i, 2; D, article 1 of antenna 1, base toward left; E, mandible; F,G, maxillae 1, 2; H, plates of maxil- liped; I, palp of maxilliped; J, upper lip; K,L, gnathopods 1, 2; M,N,O, pereopods 1, 2, 4; P,Q,R,S, uropods 1, 2, 3, 3; T, telson; U, pleon; V, second pleonal epimeron from opposite side of animal. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 149 Figure 35 Tosilus arroyo, new genus, new species. Holotype, female, 3.8 mm, sta. 7049: A, head; B,C, antennae 1, 2; D, mandible; E, mandibular palp; F, maxilla 2; G, articles 3-4 of maxillipedal palp; H,lI, gnathopod 1; J, gnathopod 2; K,L,M,N, pereopods 2, 3, 4, 5; O,P,Q, uropods 1, 2, 3; R, telson; S, metasome. 150 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 36 Protomedeia (?) prudens, new species. Holotype, male, 7.4 mm, sta. 7038: A, lateral view; B,C, gnathopod 1; D,E, gnathopod 2; F, pereopod 1; G,H,LJ, uropods 1, 2, 3, 3; K, telson. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 151 Figure 37 Coxophoxus hidalgo, new genus, new species. Holotype, male, 4.0 mm, sta. 5943: A, lateral view; B,C, gnathopods 1, 2; D,E,F,G, pereopods 1, 3, 4, 5; H, telson. 152 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 /(\ AS i AN H Figure 38 Coxophoxus hidalgo, new genus, new species. Holotype, male, 4.0 mm, sta. 5943: A,B, antennae 1, 2; C,D, gnathopods 1, 2; E, mandi- ble; F, lower lip; G,H, maxillae 1, 2; I, maxilliped; J, pereopod 2; K, uropod 3. Female, 4.5 mm: L, head; M, antenna 2; N, uropod 3; O, telson. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA Figure 39 Harpiniopsis petulans, new species. Holotype, female, 4.5 mm, sta- tion 6842: A, epistome; B, head; C, metasome; D,E, antennae 1, 2; F,G, gnathopods 1, 2; H,I,J,K,L, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; M, pereopod 5, enlarged; N,O,P, uropods 1, 2, 3; Q, telson. 153 154 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 40 Harpiniopsis profundis Barnard var. Holotype, male, 4.8 mm, sta. 6832: A, head; B, metasome; C,D, gnathopods 1, 2; E,F,G,H, pereo- pods 1, 3, 4, 5; I,J,K, uropods 1, 2, 3; L, telson; M, coxa 4. Female, 3.6 mm: N, pereopod 5. Harpiniopsis excavata Chevreux. Female 5.0 mm, sta. 6833: O, pereopod 5. NO. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 155 Figure 41 Mesometopa neglecta roya, new subspecies. Holotype, female, 3.0 mm, sta. 6806: A,B, antennae 1, 2; C, gnathopod 1; D,E, gnathopod 2; F,G,H,I,J, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, pereopod 2 reduced in size; K, telson; L, third pleonal epimeron. 156 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 42 Metopa samsiluna, new species. Holotype, female, 4.5 mm, sta. 6840: A, lateral view; B, epistome; C, accessory flagellum; D,E, gnatho- pod 1; F,G, gnathopod 2; H,I,J, pereopods 3, 4, 5; K,L,M,N, uro- pods 1, 2, 3, 3; O, telson. No. 5 BARNARD: AMPHIPODA Figure 43 Metopa sp. Female, 2.2 mm, sta. 6499: A, head; B,C, gnathopod 1; D,E, gnathopod 2; F,G,H,I,J, pereopods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; K, uropod 3; L, telson. 157 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 44 Proboloides tunda J. L. Barnard. Male, 3.5 mm, sta. 7290: gnatho- pod 2 and enlargement of palm. BARNARD: AMPHIPODA 159 NO. Figure 45 mm, sta. 5938: Deas Gall 1, 2; D,E, gnathopods 1, 2; F,G,H, cS + oy E o o oat ~ ° aS) ° Zy ~ MB 'S q 5 (0B) Sex ae ne & -§ Oj ow a is _— 160 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 27 Figure 46 Bruzelia ascua, new species. Holotype, male, 4.7 mm, sta. 5938: A,B, gnathopods 1, 2; C,D, pereopods 1, 2; E,F, coxae 3, 4; G,H,lI, pereopods 3, 4, 5, left side of animal; J,K,L, second articles of pereopods 3, 4, 5, right side of animal. INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES (Numbers in boldface type refer to plates) abacus, Monoculodes, 76 abronius, Paraphoxus, 88 abyssi, Byblis, 56 Acidostoma hancocki, 66, 127 Acuminodeutopus heteruropus, 60 acutifrons, Halimedon, 80 Westwoodilla caecula, 80 aequicornis, Metopa, 92, 93 affinis, Byblis, 57, 58 albina, Listriella, 64, 65, 126 alderi, Metopa, 92 Ambasia, 73 Ambasiella, 73 Ambasiopsis, 73 robustus, 71 tumicornis, 73 amblyopsoides, Ampelisca, 52 amorita, Melphidippa, 74, 140 Ampelisca, 55 amblyopsoides, 52 anisuropa, 55 articulata, 53 brevisimulata, 52 byblisoides, 55 californica, 54 catalinensis, 53 coeca, 52 compressa, 52 cristata, 52 eoa, 53 furcigera, 53 gnathia, 54 hancocki, 53 hemicryptops, 55 isocornea, 54 lobata, 53 macrocephala, 53 unsocalae, 53 milleri, 54 pacifica, 54 plumosa, 54 pugetica, 54 romigi, 54 ciego, 54, 115, 116 subantarctica, 55 spp., 55 Ampeliscidae, 52 Amphideutopus oculatus, 82 Amphilochidae, 60 Amphithoe mea, 60 Ampithoe, 60 mea, 60 Ampithoidae, 60 anisuropa, Ampelisca, 55 Byblis, 55 Anonyx, 71 carinatus, 66 161 antarctica, Byblis, 56 Aoridae, 60 Aoroides californica, 60 columbiae, 60 aporpis, Metopella, 93 Arculfia, 82 Argissa hamatipes, 61 typica, 61 Argissidae, 61 arroyo, Tosilus, 81, 82, 149 articulata, Ampelisca, 53 Protomedeia, 83 Aruga holmesi, 69 oculata, 69 ascua, Bruzelia, 94, 159, 160 Atylidae, 61 Atylus minikoi, 61 serratus, 61 swammerdami, 61 tridens, 61, 123 australis, Bruzelia, 94 barbarensis, Byblis, 56, 57, 58, 59 barnardi, Pachynus, 70 bathyalis, Byblis, 57, 58, 117, 118 Bathymedon candidus, 75 covilhani, 75, 141 gorneri, 75 ivanovi, 76 kassites, 75, 142 palpalis, 75, 76 roquedo, 76 bicoma, Stenothoides, 93 bicuspidatus, Paraphoxus, 88 bidens, Lepidepecreella, 68, 69 bifurcata, Photis, 82 bigarra, Garosyrrhoe, 94 Syrrhoites, 94 boeckii, Metopa, 92, 93 bola, Melphisana, 75 Bonnierella, 64, 83 lapisi, 63, 64 linearis, 63, 64 californica, 63, 125 brasiliensis, Ericthonius, 61 brevicornis, Oediceropsis, 78, 79 brevipes, Photis, 82 brevisimulata, Ampelisca. 52 Bruzelia ascua, 94, 159, 160 australis, 94 dentata, 94 tuberculata, 94 bruzelii, Metopa, 93 Byblis, 55 abyssi, 56 affinis, 57, 58 anisuropa, 55 antarctica, 56 barbarensis, 56, 57, 58, 59 162 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS bathyalis, 57, 58, 117, 118 ceylonica, 55 crassicornis, 56, 58, 59 crenulata, 57 daleyi, 57, 58 erythrops, 57, 58 gaimardi, 56 guernei, 56 japonica, 57, 58 kallarthra, 57 lepta, 56, 58, 59 longicornis, 56 minuticornis, 56 mucronata, 57 rhinoceros, 57 securiger, 56 serrata, 57 subantarctica, 55 tannerensis, 56, 57, 58, 119, 120 veleronis, 57, 58, 59 spp., 59 byblisoides, Ampelisca, 55 caecula, Westwoodilla, 80 acutifrons, Westwoodilla, 80 calcarata, Pararpinia, 88 Parpharpinia, 88 calcaratus, Paraphoxus, 88 californica, Ampelisca, 54 Aoroides, 60 Bonnierella linearis, 63, 125 californicus, Uristes, 74 candidus, Bathymedon, 75 carinata, Lakota, 66 carinatus, Anonyx, 66 catalinensis, Ampelisca, 53 Ceradocus spinicauda, 62 spinicaudus, 62 ceylonica, Byblis, 55 charno, Lepidepecreella, 69, 131 Chironesimus, 71 rotundata, 71 ciego, Ampelisca romigi, 54, 115, 116 cocula, Schisturella, 71, 72, 132, 133 coeca, Ampelisca, 52 Tryphosa, 67 coecula, Westwoodilla, 80 coecus, Monoculodes, 77 columbiae, Aoroides, 60 compressa, Ampelisca, 52 conspicua, Oediceropsis, 79 Corophiidae, 61 cota, Liljeborgia, 64 covilhani, Bathymedon, 75, 141 coxalis, Coxophoxus, 84 Phoxocephalus, 84 Coxophoxus, 84 coxalis, 84 hidalgo, 84, 151, 152 crassicornis, Byblis, 56, 58, 59 crenulata, Byblis, 57 cristata, Ampelisca, 52 cristatus, Podocerus, 90 ctenophora, Lepidepecreella, 68, 69 cymba, Lepidepecreella, 68, 69 daboius, Paraphoxus, 88 daleyi, Byblis, 57, 58 danae, Maera, 62 decipiens, Orchomene, 70 Orchomenella, 70 dentata, Bruzelia, 94 Melita, 63 denticulatus, Hippomedon, 66 Dexaminidae, 62 Dexamonica reduncans, 62 diamesus, Monoculodes, 77 difformis, Ericthonius, 61, 124 Dulichia sp., 90 elsula, Oediceropsis (Paroediceroides), 78, 145 emarginata, Lepidepecreella, 68, 69 emarginatus, Monoculodes, 76 emeryi, Harpiniopsis, 84, 86 eoa, Ampelisca, 53 eous, Hippomedon propinquus, 67 epistoma, Pontharpinia, 88 epistomata, Harpiniopsis, 85, 86 epistomatus, Harpiniopsis, 85 epistomus, Paraphoxus, 88 Ericthonius brasiliensis, 61 difformis, 61, 124 hunteri, 62 eriopisa, Listriella, 64, 65 erythrops, Byblis, 57, 58 esmarki, Mesometopa, 91 Eurystheus, 83 thompsoni, 82 excavata, Harpinia, 85 Harpiniopsis, 85 extensa, Mesometopa, 91 falcatus icelus, Leptophoxus, 87 fasciata, Protomedeia, 83 fatigans, Paraphoxus, 88 fictotelson, Pardaliscoides, 80, 148 fidenter, Hirondellea, 67, 129, 130 frequens, Metaphoxus, 88 fulgens, Harpiniopsis, 85 furcigera, Ampelisca, 53 gaimardi, Byblis, 56 galatheae, Neoambasia, 71 Schisturella, 71 galera, Harpiniopsis, 85 galerus, Harpiniopsis, 85 Gammaridae, 62 Garosyrrhoe bigarra, 94 geelongi, Hippomedon, 67 gibbosa, Mesometopa, 91 Metopella, 91 gigas, Hirondellea, 68 Gitanopsis vilordes, 60 glyconica, Monoculodes, 76 glyconicus, Monoculodes, 76 gnathia, Ampelisca, 54 Goesia, 83 goleta, Listriella, 64, 65, 66 VOL. 27 No. 5 gorneri, Bathymedon, 75 granulosus, Hippomedon, 67 guernei, Byblis, 56 Halice, 81 Halimedon acutifrons, 80 miilleri, 80 hamatipes, Argissa, 61 hancocki, Acidostoma, 66, 127 Ampelisca, 53 Haploops securiger, 56 spinosa, 59, 121, 122 tubicola, 59, 60 sp., 95 Harpinia excavata, 85 Harpinioides sp., 95 Harpiniopsis emeryi, 84, 86 epistomata, 85, 86 epistomatus, 85 excavata, 85 fulgens, 85 galera, 85 galerus, 85 naiadis, 85 petulans, 86, 153 profundis, 86, 154 sanpedroensis, 85 spp., 86 hartmanae, Monoculodes, 76 Haustoriidae, 63 hemicryptops, Ampelisca, 55 heterocuspidatus, Paraphoxus, 89 Heterophoxus oculatus, 87 heteruropus, Acuminodeutopus, 60 hidalgo, Coxophoxus, 84, 151, 152 Hippomedon denticulatus, 66 geelongi, 67 granulosus, 67 minusculus, 67 propinquus eous, 67 strages, 67 tenax, 66, 128 Hirondellea, 68 fidenter, 67, 129, 130 gigas, 68 trioculata, 68 hispana, Sophrosyne, 72 holmesi, Aruga, 69 Lysianassa, 69 homilis, Phoxocephalus, 90 hunteri, Ericthonius, 62 icelus, Leptophoxus falcatus, 87 inaequipes, Maera, 62 index, Tryphosa, 73, 139 invalida, Metopa, 93 Isaeidae, 82 Ischyroceridae, 63 Ischyrocerus pelagops, 64 sp., 64 isocornea, Ampelisca, 54 ivanovi, Bathymedon, 76 japonica, Byblis, 57, 58 kallarthra, Byblis, 57 INDEX 163 kassites, Bathymedon, 75, 142 Kermystheus, 83 lacia, Photis, 83 Lakota, 71 carinata, 66 rotundata, 71 lapisi, Bonnierella, 63, 64 latimanus, Monoculodes, 77 latissimanus, Monoculodes, 76, 143 layi, Metopa, 92, 93 Lepidepecreella, 68 bidens, 68, 69 charno, 69, 131 ctenophora, 68, 69 cymba, 68, 69 emarginata, 68, 69 ovalis, 68, 69 lepta, Byblis, 56, 58, 59 Leptophoxus falcatus icelus, 87 Liljeborgia cota, 64 sp., 95 Liljeborgiidae, 64 linearis, Bonnierella, 63, 64 californica, Bonnierella, 63, 125 Listriella, 64 albina, 64, 65, 126 eriopisa, 64, 65 goleta, 64, 65, 66 melanica, 66 lobata, Ampelisca, 53 lodo, Prachynella, 70 longicaudatus, Pardaliscoides, 81 longicornis, Byblis, 56 Metopa, 93 longimerus, Megaluropus, 62 loveni, Maera, 62 Lysianassa holmesi, 69 oculata, 69 Lysianassidae, 66, 95 Lysianopsis oculata, 69 macrocephala, Ampelisca, 53 unsocalae, Ampelisca, 53 macrotica, Photis, 83 Maera danae, 62 inaequipes, 62 loveni, 62 simile, 62 spinicauda, 62 mea, Amphithoe, 60 Ampithoe, 60 Megaluropus longimerus, 62 Megamphopus, 83 sp., 82 melanica, Listriella, 66 Melita dentata, 63 Melphidippa, 74 amorita, 74, 140 Melphidippidae, 74 Melphisana bola, 75 Mesometopa esmarki, 91 extensa, 91 gibbosa, 91 164 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS neglecta, 91 roya, 91, 155 Mesostenothoides pirloti, 93 Metambasia, 73 Metaphoxus frequens, 88 Metopa aequicornis, 92, 93 alderi, 92 boeckii, 92, 93 bruzelii, 93 invalida, 93 layi, 92, 93 longicornis, 93 neglecta, 91 (Prometopa), 91 samsiluna, 91, 156 pusilla, 92 spectabilis, 92 tenuimana, 93 sp., 92, 157 Metopella aporpis, 93 gibbosa, 91 neglecta, 91 Metopelloides, 93 Microdeutopus schmitti, 60 milleri, Ampelisca, 54 minikoi, Atylus, 61 minusculus, Hippomedon, 67 minuticornis, Byblis, 56 minutus, Monoculodes, a Monoculodes, 78 abacus, 76 coecus, 77 diamesus, 77 emarginatus, 76 glyconica, 76 glyconicus, 76 hartmanae, 76 latimanus, 77 latissimanus, 76, 143 minutus, 77 norvegicus, 77 perditus, 77, 144 morosa, Oediceropsis, 78 (Paroediceroides), 79, 146 mucronata, Byblis, 57 miilleri, Halimedon, 80 murrayi, Sophrosyne, 72 naiadis, Harpiniopsis, 85 nana, Tryphosa, 74 Necochea, 81, 82 neglecta, Mesometopa, 91 Metopa, 91 Metopella, 91 roya, Mesometopa, 91, 155 Neoambasia, 71, 73 galatheae, 71 tumicornis, 71, 73 Nicippe tumida, 80 norvegicus, Monoculodes, 77 Nototropis tridens, 61 obtusidens, Paraphoxus, 89 oculata, Aruga, 69 Lysianassa, 69 Lysianopsis, 69 oculatus, Amphideutopus, 82 Heteroptonds: 67 Paraphoxus, 89 Oediceroides, 78 Oediceropsis, 78 brevicornis, 78, 79 conspicua, 79 morosa, 78 (Paroediceroides), 78 elsula, 78, 145 morosa, 79, 146 trepadora, 79, 147 proxima, 78 rostrata, 79 sinuata, 78 trepadora, 78, 79 Oedicerotidae, 75, 78 Opisa tridentata, 70 Orchomene decipiens, 70 pacifica, 70 sp., 95 Orchomenella decipiens, 70 pacifica, 70 ovalis, Lepidepecreella, 68, 69 Pachynus barnardi, 70 pacifica, Ampelisca, 54 Orchomene, 70 Orchomenella, 70 palpalis, Bathymedon, 75, 76 Parahalice, 82 Paraphoxus abronius, 88 biscuspidatus, 88 calcaratus, 88 daboius, 88 epistomus, 88 fatigans, 88 heterocuspidatus, 89 obtusidens, 89 oculatus, 89 robustus, 89 similis, 89 spinosus, 89 stenodes, 89 tridentatus, 90 variatus, 90 Parapleustes pugettensis, 90 Pararpinia calcarata, 88 Pardaliscella, 81 symmetrica, 80 sp., 95 Pardaliscidae, 80 Pardaliscoides, 81 fictotelson, 80, 148 longicaudatus, 81 tenellus, 81 Pardaliscopsis, 82 Pardisynopia synopiae, 81 Paroediceroides, 78 trepadora, 78, 79 No. 5 (Paroediceroides) elsula, Oediceropsis, morosa, Oediceropsis, 79, 146 Oediceropsis, 78 trepadora, Oediceropsis, 79, 147 Parpano, 81 Parpharpinia calcarata, 88 pelagops, Ischyrocerus, 64 perditus, Monoculodes, 77, 144 petulans, Harpiniopsis, 86, 153 Photidae, 82 Photis bifurcata, 82 brevipes, 82 lacia, 83 macrotica, 83 spp., 83 Phoxocephalidae, 84 Phoxocephalus, 84 coxalis, 84 homilis, 90 pirloti, Mesostenothoides, 93 Pleustidae, 90 plumosa, Ampelisca, 54 Podoceridae, 90 Podoceropsis, 83 Podocerus cristatus, 90 Pontharpinia epistoma, 88 tridentata, 90 Prachynella lodo, 70 Princaxelia, 82 Proboloides tunda, 93, 158 profundis, Harpiniopsis, 86, 154 Proharpinia, 84 (Prometopa), Metopa, 91 samsiluna, Metopa, 91, 156 propinqua, Tryphosa, 74 propinquus eous, Hippomedon, 67 Protomedeia, 83 articulata, 83 fasciata, 83 prudens, 83, 150 sp., 95 proxima, Oediceropsis, 78 prudens, Protomedeia, 83, 150 Pseudokoroga rima, 70 Pseudonesimus, 71 pugetica, Ampelisca, 54 pugettensis, Parapleustes, 90 pulchra, Schisturella, 70, 71 Tryphosa, 70 pusilla, Metopa, 92 rectipalmum, Synchelidium, 79 reduncans, Dexamonica, 62 rhinoceros, Byblis, 57 rima, Pseudckoroga, 70 robertsoni, Sophrosyne, 72, 135, 136 robusta, Schisturella, 71 robustus, Ambasiopsis, 71 Paraphoxus, 89 romigi, Ampelisca, 54 ciego, Ampelisca, 54, 115, 116 roquedo, Bathymedon, 76 INDEX rostrata, Oediceropsis, 79 rotundata, Chironesimus, 71 Lakota, 71 roya, Mesometopa neglecta, 91, 155 Srl Une Metopa (Prometopa), 91, 1 sanpedroensis, Harpiniopsis, 85 sarsi, Tryphosa, 74 Schisturella, 70, 73 cocula, 71, 72, 132, 133 galatheae, 71 pulchra, 70, 71 robusta, 71 zopa, 71, 72, 134 schmitti, Microdeutopus, 60 securiger, Byblis, 56 Haploops, 56 serrata, Byblis, 57 serratus, Atylus, 61 shoemaker, Synchelidium, 79 simile, Maera, 62 similis, Paraphoxus, 89 sinuata, Oediceropsis, 78 Sophrosyne hispana, 72 murrayi, 72 robertsoni, 72, 135, 136 spectabilis, Metopa, 92 spinicauda, Ceradocus, 62 Maera, 62 spinicaudus, Ceradocus, 62 spinosa, Haploops, 59, 121, 122 spinosus, Paraphoxus, 89 stenodes, Paraphoxus, 89 Stenothoidae, 91, 95 Stenothoides bicoma, 93 strages, Hippomedon, 67 subantarctica, Ampelisca, 55 Byblis, 55 subglaber, Sympleustes, 90 swammerdami, Atylus, 61 symmetrica, Pardaliscella, 80 Sympleustes subglaber, 90 Synchelidium rectipalmum, 79 shoemakeri, 79 sp. G, var., 79 spp., 79 synopiae, Pardisynopia, 81 Synopiidae, 94 Syrrhoe sp., 95 Syrrhoites bigarra, 94 tannerensis, Byblis, 56, 57, 58, 119, 120 tenax, Hinpomedon, 66, 128 tenellus, Pardaliscoides, 81 tenuimana, Metopa, 93 thompsoni, Eurystheus, 82 Thrombasia, 72 tracalero, 73, 137, 138 Tironidae, 94 Tosilus, 81 arroyo, 81, 82, 149 tracalero, Thrombasia, 73, 137, 138 165 166 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS trepadora, Oediceropsis, 78, 79 Oediceropsis (Paroediceroides), 79, 147 Paroediceroides, 78, 79 tridens, Atylus, 61, 123 Nototropis, 61 tridentata, Opisa, 70 Pontharpinia, 90 tridentatus, Paraphoxus, 90 trigonica, Tryphosa, 74 trioculata, Hirondellea, 68 Trischizostoma, 68 Tryphosa coeca, 67 index, 73, 139 nana, 74 propinqua, 74 pulchra, 70 sarsi, 74 trigonica, 74 tuberculata, Bruzelia, 94 VOL. 27 tubicola, Haploops, 59, 60 tumicornis, Ambasiopsis, 73 Neoambasia, 71, 73 tumida, Nicippe, 80 tunda, Proboloides, 93, 158 typica, Argissa, 61 pusocalae, Ampelisca macrocephala, Uristes californicus, 74 Urothoe varvarini, 63 variatus, Paraphoxus, 90 varvarini, Urothoe, 63 veleronis, Byblis, 57, 58, 59 vera, Ampelisca, 52 vilordes, Gitanopsis, 60 Westwoodilla caecula, 80 acutifrons, 80 coecula, 80 sp., 80 zopa, Schisturella, 71, 72, 134 7 elected Te ie’ tees! a ee ee b if ye Ahi y) i 4 i J > ole at Vey Meeag eet ie Al . Sigrid” ig A ‘ JOReaO Yh A . LAR Bt MDE ‘ Aart Pit #4 on ‘ he - he ‘ ¢ . aan i ie sant , A ‘ ie re HA Ne RAL pee Me§ . hte by Ke fay F454 04. “ng +e : t 0 ‘ ‘ wre Maris ; Aint bey ‘ ras y¢ f ‘ ve accent are ‘ {6 i ‘ sete les Sites gsacseretes e Hares ’ ay LAI Cr eer ee Tatil (ye . p ¢ nm ie wiles es . Hie t ¢ ay waek Beanie gse) ‘ j ya ue y fee he AA Pent ‘ aeeeecs beanie thine tiae Diy frie ; r . F R ae a « heat f RA To -geb ate oe 4 bene faa tg ie e-f:t wy / ' iw ‘ 4 of (4 6 hake j ult iu « ‘ q ‘ Aided Teer ' BAS Haar re : WAS hetherh ¢ is os 4h pd W etabeebeade rees ' “te wif Ol Rh fcnte aang d y Hane i's tee 4 ices ewe 4) 4 f ; ‘ “ Peart) Af Helles ‘y tenn y yt Me ge imsacae Hid tanetet ob ? H Ay : Che Cao it Win Seaee a Palbswiied fg i Gober sdrabak bliiat it, cn ; ERA Ree Ru.s is Taek aah ‘ ease t bath A P riels fpealecd poder tit F tie ‘ the gee ARB ’ ' Syih slater bhlate d hp let av . M . tS ON OR Weed V-bssbedee Tle UPL BAD A ot) I 26 ta Wed +h en beaiegiiays © 0's wehe i ag ree eee Neatiug AA rhe" e 4 osphe Lp harenael get Sag ¢ ; He bwrrets ie rae ‘ ‘ ‘ es Bs i; se ane : Stair ’ t h’tve Ferg! tebe PEO 9 4 Mecha inited he 456 OAM angle shonges ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ Viet tee ; i ise a ce ‘ ae ; hes batt hae {py wintn ag GOL Aa 4 eiate , eeigtare eb Ae diets siblsieiaibes ABS ef i : ‘ % ‘ +4 WehialucGomenansacerurdh fer ¢ ‘ ’ ' F ' 7 { ’ Pear aetry ‘ 4 \ : ‘ 4, } ‘ t i o ‘ WR ws fog 4 , e , ‘ ’ ‘ os { ; ; H f : Ae 4 “ 4 wy! , ald ‘ by 7 we Cece ae | ¥ haf AVR Sots we +} Pip dea 3 , Vert ded etese HOE sit 4 e's befiaeeey Shi ci 4 f ahd Na Le j Yar LLC * nen Pat era oe te ‘ iibere Aad High: ete . ae ’ Q BN MG Se eae, at . Wt becs acer es ce ‘ ‘ ay Ssyrds sete ras vrerge Hee thed Ging He HPs tee Se SRS I Sony eles ALU SADT ed tee 'g HY 4 a ard OCU rR Kee ¢ ¢ a 4 SH ea CH PPOs os Gung (at Pasesdeee ccnae ar ees ALN HEIN Ge Cy HS H UU erg Hisgeee ry Sirsa eu e Pete sthtee iy Wd 1 tied sdyacd ay ung suena we a ns “VG g std Pie rate eat Gey ere 10 tyliste ea uit ‘ SRE ERM Weed aH Cer i2) uy mca Se-ky Weewe byes Cee ‘ul a ? sees cou uanae eae eee ee ees une ANRC L Supa ! ( iy i} teure a. oe a a SRR nl,