This is a digital copy of a book thai was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world's books discoverable online.

It has survived long enough for Ihe copyright lo expire and the book to enter Ihe public domain. A public domain book is one Ihat was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary counliy lo countiy. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that's often difficult to discover.

Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the pubfisherto a library and finally to you.

Usage guidelines

Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing this resource, we have taken steps to prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying.

We also ask that you:

+ Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request thai you use these files for personal, non-commercial purposes.

+ Refmiti from aiitoniated ijiieiying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google's system: If you are conducting research on machine translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help.

+ Maintain attribution The Google ■"watermark" you see on each file is essential for informing people about this project and helping them find additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it.

+ Keep it legal Whatever your use, remember thai you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just because we believe a book is in the public domain for usere in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for usere in other countries. Whether a book is still in copyright varies from countiy to countiy, and we can't offer guidance on whether any specific use of any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume Ihat a book's appearance in Google Book Search means il can be used in any manner anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe.

About Google Book Search

Google's mission is to organize the world's information and lo make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover Ihe world's books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web

at http : //books . google . com/

	HARVARD COLLEGE LIBRARY
•i	1 aa SB	.1.
FUOU TTIK BEQL-B^ OP JAMES WALKER (CUh of 1814) Pmititm ofMarvarri ColUgt "Ptwtatcn Una clMO lo verkt u tb( iDbllMtud Wd JfonlSclBKIH"

MENOLOGY OF ENGLAND AND WALES.

^ihtl obeUt,

Imprimatur,

Eduardus S, Keogh, gulilmus b. morkis, Kenelmus D. Best,

Censores Deputati.

Henricus Eduardus,

Card. Archiep. Westmona

Die 24" Septembris, 1887.

« A

^ MENOLOGY

OF

England and Wal

OR,

A BRIEF MEMORIALS OF THE ANCIEI

^ BRITISH AND ENGLISH SAINTS,

ARRANGED ACCORDING TO THE CALENDAR:

TOGETHEK WITH

\ THE MARTYRS OF THE i6th AND 17TH CENTUI

1 COKPILBD BY ORDBR OF

THE CARDINAL ARCHBISHOP AND THE BIS

' OF THE

y , PROVINCE OF WESTMINSTER.

BY

RICHARD JTANTON,

PRIEST OF THE ORATORY, LONDON.

c_ LONDON : BURNS & OATES, Limited. NEW YORK : CATHOLIC PUBLICATION SOCIETY

1887.

t;--m-s^*^

C Z2. r. fl-. /^

/p-aJ^^-^

CONTENTS.

Introduction, Menolooy — January, Februarv, March, April, May, . June, . July, . August, September, October, November, December,

Appbkdix I. —

A. WeUh Saints, with Dedications, ....

B. Welsh Saints, without Dedications,

C. Cornish Saints, ......

Appendix IL —

Catalogue of Saints and others not included in the Menology,

Appendix III. —

Sources, .......

Index-:,

Of Names in the Menology, ,

rncm vii

I

44 gi 140 190 249 297 375 433 468

5*' 575

621 639 650

659 673 685

INTRODUCTION.

The present work has been written, in conformity with instructions received from the Bishoi^s, on occasion of their annual Conference in the year 1882.

Their Lordships, with the object of promoting a more general devotion towards the Saints of our country, resolved in the 6rst place to apply to the Holy See for a considerable addition to the number of proper festivals in the Breviary and Missal ; and secondly, to take measures for the compilation of a Calendar, for the use of the faithful at large, which should contain some short notice, as far as authentic records permit, of all the Saints connected by birth, or by their labours, or by death, with the present Eccle- siastical Province of Westminster.

The former part of this resolution was carried into effect without delay ; and we have now the consolation of celebrating annually the festivals of many of those servants of God who are most prominent in the history of the English Church.

The Menology here offered to the reader is to be considered as an attempt, however incomplete, to fulfil the latter part of their Lordships' pious intention.

VUl

INTRODUCTION.

The title of Menology has been considered ihe most appropriate for the work. Manyrology and Calendar, in the accepted sense of the words, imply a more restricted compilation, both as to the names admitted and the length of the legend, and perhaps the terms are too liturgical to be prudently applied to a private work ; whereas Menology has been generally adopted by the Religious Orders as the title of their narratives of their respective Saints and holy men, and is stricdy applicable to a classification which follows the month and day of their commemoration.

According to the instructions received, the plan to be followed was to be mainly that of Bishop Challoner. in hx5 MetHorial of A mient British Piety: but on the one hand some greater extension was to be allowed to the lives, and on the other hand Scottish and Irish Saints were to be omitted, as the countries to which they belong arc under separate ecclesiastical organisa- tions. It was also thought desirable that, besides those who can be shown to have received the public honours of sanctity, a few names should be included of per- sonages eminent in the history of the Church for their holy lives and services in the cause of religion.

The Editor has endeavoured to carry out these directions as closely as possible ; but, well defined as they are, the execution of the task has not been exempt from difficulties, and even for its very imperfect accom plishment has required much time and much carcfL examination. In the compilation of the work, ver great help has been rendered by the Very Rev. Mf Gadd, Canon of Salford Cathedral, who, with patit

INTRODUCTION.

Ix

diligence, collected the names and days and short notices of our Saints, as found in the early printed Martyrologics, and also by Mr. Edmund Bishop, to whom whatever measure of original research the volume contains must be considered due. Mr. Bishop has examined the numerous Calendars and ancient Martyrologics mentioned in the Appendix, the greater part of them being MSS. in the British Museum, at Lambeth, Canterbury, and elsewhere, has also indi- cated many other sources of information, which with- out his guidance would have been overlooked, and has placed his valuable note-books, the fruits of many years of study, at the disposal of the Editor*

Another advantage to be gratefully acknowledged is the use of the collection of the late Mr. John Leeni- ing, who with devoted care had brought together a number of useful memoranda relating to the Saints, and who might have been expected to be a most efficient co-operator in the work, had not God been pleased to call htm to a better life almost at the lime when the project was set on foot.

Thanks are also due to Mr. Uicoq of Margate, the author of an interesting and care fully- written Life of St- Mildred, for the loan of certain |>apers by Mgfr. I'oirier, Canon of Meaux, a French antiquary, con- taining notes on the lives of St. Scthryda and other English Virgins, who professed the religious life in the Monasteries of Faremoutiers, Chelles, &c.

* Perhaps it may be allowable to express a hope that before long these studies, already nearly complete, may become generally avail- able, as their publication would Turnish an invAlunble help to the studenls of English Hagiology in all its branches.

INTRODUCTION.

The information relative to our Saints who gave up their souls to God in South Italy is due to the friendship of the Rev. Father Enrico M. Guerritore, of the Orator)' of St. Philip at Naples, who has spared no pains in collecting what is known concerning^ them from local antiquaries, and the tradition of the places where they are still devoutly honoured.

Notwithstanding these invaluable helps, and the unfailing encouragement and advice of the Bishop of Clifton, the Editor is obliged himself to bear the responsibility of the work as it stands, with all its defects, and with but a scanty share in any merit it may have, though he permiLs himself to say that it is n responsibility which he little thought of incurring when first requested to take part in its preparation.

It was proposed that the plan of Wilson and Challoner should be taken as a guide ; but though this has been kept in view, it has resulted in fact that the present Menology differs very considerably from their works. The Engtishe Martyrologe of J. W., or John Wilson, was first published in 1608, followed by a second edition in 1640. and a third a few years later. It is the work of an English priest resident in Flanders in the time of persecution, and therefore written under disadvantageous circumstances. The author, doubt- less, made the best use of the materials at his disposal, and his sketches are written in a pleasing manner and a devotional spirit ; but the book contains numerous inaccuracies, and even at the time of its appearance was gravely objected to by Dr. Richard Smith, thf Bishop of Chalcedon, who considered that, by reasor

INTRODUCTION.

3Ei

of its errors and unauthorised publication, it ought to have be«n prohibited. Bishop Challoner published his Memorial of Ancient British Piety in 1761, and was induced to undertake it mainly, as he tells us, to correct the mistakes of Wilson ; but while he includes many Scottish and Irish Saints and others overlooked by his predecessor, his notices are still shorter, and the whole is comprised in 3 small volume of two hundred pages.

The conscientious accuracy of Bishop Challoner is proverbial amongst us, and is manifest here as well as in his larger work, the Britannia Sancta : but many sources of information are now accessible which were unknown both to him and to Wilson ; and on the other hand, some ancient writers, on whom they implicitly relied, are now deemed, by the consent of the learned, to be utterly without value, except so far as they may be supported by other independent authority.

From this it will appear that it has not been possible to follow the guidance of these authors other- wise than in a wide sense, as the following statement of the plan adopted will show : —

I. This Menology being professedly for England and Wales, and not for the United Kingdom, such Irish and Scottish Saints only are recorded as had a distinct mission or some other clear connection with this country, as many natives of the Continent of Europe have likewise had. In the case of Ireland this distinc- tion is sufiRcicntly dear, but the boundaries of Scotland have varied at different times. In the early times of

xH

INTRODUCTION.

our Christianity, fruitful in Saints, the territory south of the Firths of Forth and Clyde can in no sense be called Scotland, the eastern portion being purely Eng- lish, and part of the kingdom of Northunibria and of the diocese whose Bishop's Sec was at Lindisfarne; while the western half was the Welsh kingdom of Strathclyde. This region, therefore, is regarded as within the province of the Menology, until the time when the King of England made it over in fee to the King of Scots, on the condition that he should acknowledge him as his superior lord, and hold his possessions in dependence upon him. This event may be placed with sufficient exactness for the purpose about the year 900.

2. The Welsh or ancient British Saints fall directly within the scope of the Menology. They are exceed- ingly numerous ; but, unfortunately, authentic records are not proportionately abundant. Of those who flourished in their own land, it has only been possible to give lives of a few of the most eminent ; but the list is supplemented by notices of many others, who took up their abode on the Continent, about whom a more trustworthy tradition has been preserved. The names, however, of all the Welsh Saints found named in any ancient Calendar are mentioned under their proper days, and their lives written where possible, while the rest are collected in an Appendix. In this Appendix a distinction is made between those to whom churches are dedicated, and a multitude of others of whom it cannot be said with certainty that they were ever publicly honoured as Saints.

INTRODUCTION.

XIII

Nearly the same method has been followed with the Saints of Cornwall ; but the number being much smaller, it has not been thought necessary to divide these unknown servants of God Into different classes.

3. The foreign Saints, whom we claim as our own, are. besides the first apostles of our nation, some few others, who, like St. German, exercised a temporary- mission in the island, or, like St. Aiiselm. formed a permanent settlement amongst us. I f these, however, made themselves English for our sake, it may justly be said that the precious gift has been returned with usur)% by the number of British and English Saints who devoted themselves to the Apostolic Mission abroad, and whose Acts will be found recorded at some length, as among the chief glories of the Church of this land,

4. In compliance with the instructions of the liishops. the Menology will be found to contain the names of a restricted number of personages, who can- not be proved to have been publicly honoured as Saints, but who were eminent for their zeal in the service of religion, as well as, either for their holy lives, as Kings Anna and Alfred, or for their edifying conversion, as Oswy and Edgar. The ancient Chronicles readily bestow the title of Saint or holy man on such individuals, without intending to assert that religious honour was paid to them. When these venerated men and women have no special promi- nence in our history, or when, for other reasons, it appears doubtful whether they can be justly classed in an English and British record of the servants of God,

XlV

INTRODUCTK

the names have been preserved in an additional Appendix.

5. As to the Martyrs of the sixteentJi and seven- teenth centuries, Wilson, in his first edition of a.i>. 1608, has given the names of those who suffered under Henry VIII. and Elijabeth, ending with the younger Garnet under James I. This Catalogue, which is supposed to be the first ever published, is omitted in the second edition, as also in Challoner's Memorial, perhaps from fear of prejudicing the cause of their beatification, as the celebrated decrees of Urban Vll I. had appeared in the interval. The difficulty which might have been formerly felt as to giving them a place in the Menology is now happily removed by the recent Acts of His Holiness Leo XHI. Accordingly, the fifty-four Martyrs declared Biessed by the decree of the 29th December, r886, are placed on their proper days in the Calendar, as are also the two hundred and sixty-one venerable servants of God whose cause has since been admitted. The remainder, delayed for want of further proof, are named in the Appendix.

6. In a work bearing the title of a Menology or a Calendar, the assigning the correct day to each .Saint is a matter of importance. When the same day is noted in all the Calendars, there is, of course, no difficulty ; but it sometimes happened formerly, as It happens still, that different days were observed in different places. 1 n such cases, the day of deposition, when it is known, is considered entitled to the pre- ference; and when it is not known, the day in that Calendar which had the widest acceptance. The days

INTRODUCTION.

XT

of translation and other seconclar)* festivals have not been given, except in certain special instances, such as those of St. Edward the Confessor and St. Thomas the Martyr, whcrC the secondary commemoration was as generally obser\'ed as the principal festival, and sometimes even superseded it

There are, however, besides these, not a few Saints who unquestionably received a public culius, either local or general, whose festivals cannot be ascertained. In these instances, following the example of Wilson and Challoner. the Editor has felt himself at liberty to place the commemoration on the otherwise vacant days of the Calendar, noting, however, in each case, that there Is no known day.

By this means it has been possible to provide some I^end for every day of the year, though from the necessity of the case the distribution of the matter is most unequal.

Such is the plan on which the work has been written. The sources from which the information has been derived are fully detailed in a special Appendix, to which reference is made by a simple method at the end of each day.

The number of Calendars examined by the diligence of Mr. Bishop amounts to io8, the greater part of which has never been edited. To these are subjoined various ancient Martyrologies. Under the head of Legenda are placed short lives, such as those in John of Tynemouth's SaMeh'Io^um, Capgrave's MS., the AWa Legenda, which sometimes differs from the MS. ; the Martihge of RichanJ Whiiford, the Mar-

INTRODUCTION.

lyroiog* of Wilson, and the MetnGrial of Bishop Chal loner.

The sources from which the narratives are taken are classed together as Histories and Acts — by History being meant the Ancient Chronicles, and by Acts the longer lives, such as those given by Surius, Mabillon, and the Holland ists.

The most ancient authorities are as a rule preferred, as being the most reliable, and are generally found to supply even more matter than it has been possible to condense into the short space which could be allowed to each day.

The Editor has supposed it to be his task to state the plain facts of the history, to tell who the Saint was. when and where he lived, what were his works, and how he pai^sed to a better life. When this was done, there was little room left for more ; and often he has felt himself obliged to omit beautiful incidents cal- culated to awaken the devotion of the reader, while very seldom has he allowed himself to enlarge on the many miracles which distinguished our Saints, and the account of which was found so edifying to our pious ancestors.

It is to be understood that the Acts and Histories referred to are those only which have been actually used in the compilation of the Menology. To have attempted to give a list of all the sources available, [hough a most useful undertaking, would have been quite beyond the scope of the work. If ever such a guide to the Hagiology of our country should be published, it will be an inestimable boon to the

INTRODUCTION. xvii

student, and facilitate in the highest degree the writing of detailed lives of our Saints.

Meanwhile, it is supposed that the Catalogues of manuscript and edited materials of English History, by the late Sir T. Duffus Hardy, form the best collec- tion for the purpose.

It remains only to add that, with respect to the names of the more ancient Saints, it has been thought best to follow the orthography most familiar among us, generally derived from the Latin form of the words. It is doubtless more correct to write, as recent historians have begun to do, ^Ifeah instead of Elphege, or Eadgyth instead of Edith ; but such a method would scarcely tend to promote devotion towards these servants of God.

The Oratory, London, Feast of the Nativity of B. V.M., 1887.

THE PROTESTATION OF THE

AUTHOR.

In obedience to the Decrees of Pope Urban VIII., of the 13th of March, 1625, and 5th of June, 1631, the Author of the Menology of England and Wales, now published with the approbation of the Cardinal Arch- bishop of Westminster, the Ordinary of the place of publication, hereby declares as follows : —

When in the course of the work the title of Saint or Blessed, Martyr, Confessor, or the like, is attributed to anyone not yet canonized or declared Blessed by the Holy Apostolic See, it is done solely on human authority, and intended to attest the estimation in which such a personage was regarded by our ancestors.

Moreover, when any miracle, or vision, or event beyond the common laws of nature, is recorded, it rests only on ordinary historical evidence, and has no pretension whatever to anticipate the judgment of the Church.

Lastly, in these respects, as in all others, the work is unreservedly and most humbly and devoutly sub- mitted to the correction of the same Holy See.

XIX

J A N XT A E Y.

THE FIRST DAY.

The Circumcision of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, dy virtue of Whose Adorable Blood-shedding, a glo- rious host of Saints, Martyrs, Confessors, Virgins — men and women of every degree — as well in this land as throughout Christendom, kept the Faith, persevered unto death in their holy course, and in tlte end revived tite crown, at the Itands of the Just Judge.

THE SECOND DAY.

The blessed memory of tlte many Martyrs, who suffered for the Christian Faitlt in Great Britain, during the long and cruel persecution of tlu Emperor Diocletian. Tlte names of a few only are recorded on earth, but all are written in tlie\Book of Life.

At Mount Mairge, in Ireland, tlu deposition of St. SCOTHIN, Hermit, a disciple of St. David.

MiMy The Christians of Britain appear to have

JtiS. escaped unharmed in the earlier persecutions

300 c which afflicted the Church ; but the cruel edicts

of Diocletian were enforced in every comer of the empire, and the faithful inhabitants of this land, whether native Britons or Roman colonists, were called upon to furnish their fuH number of holy Martyrs and Confessors. The names of few are on record ; but the British historian, St Gildas, after relating the martyrdom of St. Alban, tells us that many others were seized, some put to the most unheard-of tortures,

I

2 MENOLOGY. [JAN. 8, 4.

and others immediately executed, while not a few hid them- selves in forests and deserts and the caves of the earth, where they endured a prolonged death until God called them to their reward. The same writer attributes it to the subsequent invasion of the English, then a pagan people, that the recol- lection of the places, sanctified by these martyrdoms, has been lost, and so little honour paid to their memory. It may be added that, according to one tradition, a thousand of these Christians were overtaken in their flight near Lichfield, and cruelly massacred, and that the name of Lichfield, or field of the Dead, is derived from them.

St SeotUn, St. ScoTHIN was a native of Ireland, who came

^^^^^°'' over to Britain and was the disciple of St David

550 c in Wales. He afterwards returned to his own

country, and lived as a solitary at Mount Mairge in Queen's

County, where full of merits he gave up his soul to God.

Martyra. St. Scotbin.

Ltg. W. I, 3; Chal. Hitt. Lanigan, vol. ii., p- 333.

Hilt. Giliu, de Excid. Btit., J viii. Moian't Irish SS. in Briton, p. ag.

THE THIRD DAY.

In parts of Wales, t/ie festival of St. Wenog, wlwse name is found in an ancient calendar, but w/iose acts are unknown.

Cat. ga,

THE FOURTH DAY.

At tlu Abbey of Elan, near Rheims, in France, tfie Judy memory of tlu Blessed Roger, first Abbot of that monastery, and Confessor. — At Durham, the passion of the Blessed Thomas Plumtree, Priest and Martyr, w/to suffered for the Faith under Queen Elisabeth.

B. Roffer, The BLESSED RoCER was by birth an English-

^'k^' "'^"' "'^°' knowing by divine inspiration that it

II7S t was God's will that he should leave his country

JAN. 4.]

M ECOLOGY.

and hi3 father's house, went over to France, and proresscd the religious state in the Cistercian Abbey of Lorroy in Berry. His holy life induced his Superior to choose him as the head of the colony sent out for the foundation of Elan in the diocese of Rhcims. As Abbot of that house, he governed the community with great gentleness and prudence, but in the strict observance of holy poverty and religious discipline- He was remarkable for his compassion for the sick and suffer- ing, and his sanctity was proved by many miracles, both during his life and after death. A chapel in the Abbey Church was dedicated to his memory, and there his relics were preserved with great honour.

B-Tbomaa The Blessed Thomas Plumtree was a man Plumtrce. qj- [g^jrning and of holy life, who had been ordained A.D. i^ priest in the reign of Queen Maiy. On occasion of the famous Rising in tlic North, under the con- duct of the Earls of Northumberland and Westmoreland, Plumtree attached himself to the insurgents, became their chaplain and preacher, and publicly celebrated Mass for them in the church of Durham CoHcrc. It was on this charge that he was tried and condemned to death ; but as his life was offered him on the scaffold if he would renounce the Catholic Faith and adopt the new religion, it was in truth for tills holy cause that he died. When urged to comply, he firmly refused any such compromise, and declared that he had no wish to live in this world, if he were to die to God. He was executed in the Market Place at Durham, and buried in the Church of St. Nicholas. There Is some uncertainty as to the Christian name of this Martyr, as he is sometimes called Thomas and sometimes William ; nor is it clear whether or not he is the same with Plu^ntree, a schoolmaster of Lincolnshire, who suffered for the Failli. With the .sanction of Pope Gregory XIII., the Rlcssed Thomas was represented on the walls of the ancient church of the English College in Rome ; and with the approbation of Leo Xlil., the Sacred Congr^ation of Rites, by a Decree published 29th of December, 1S86, declared him entitled to the honours of the Blessed.

MENOLOGY. [JAN. 0.

B. R(^;er. B. Thomas.

Cal. From Old Cistercian Miwal in Hiit. Biid^ater's Conceitatio, fbl.

MenaiduB. 303, pp. 5, 7.

Leg. Claude Chastelain. Stowe'a Annals.

AcU. Boll., I vol., Jan., p. 161. Sharp's Memorials, pp. 113, &c., tSS.

Giiy's Vies dea Sainu, 13 Feb. Deuetum, S.C.R., 29 Dec., 1886.

THE FIFTH DAY -.

At Westminster, t/i£ deposition of St. Edward, King and Confessor. — At "LmcoXn, tk^ pious memory of ]oiiti Dalderbv^ Bisltop of that See, greatly venerated for his Iwly life.

St Edward, Sx. EDWARD the Confessor, whose memory Kifl^Conf,, jg gjm jgjy. j^jjj venerated throughout the nation

1066. which he ruled, though born in England, was from early childhood brought up in Normandy, but without a mother's care and affection. All this she reserved for the children of her second husband, King Canute, the Dane, the foreign occupant of the throne of her first husband, the English King, Ethelred. Unexpectedly, and against his will, Edward was called in middle age to assume the crown and the burden of rule, for which his education and previous life had not prepared him. By nature he was endowed with few of the qualities which go to make a great sovereign. He indeed possessed a regal dignity and grace of manner and person, set off by blitheness of temper and true kindliness of heart ; he was a model of purity of life and unaffected piety, chaste and mild. His power lay not in strength, but essentially in good- ness, and by virtue of this goodness he was enabled without bloodshed to impose peace on warring factions, and keep in check high and unscrupulous ambitions, to secure fidelity at home and respect abroad. In the course of his reign of twenty-four years, the love of him entered into the heart of his people. He became to them the good King Edward, the peaceful King, whose memory was so dear, that to have trifled with his simplicity and sincerity seemed in their eyes little less than a crime. His contemporaries had no doubt that he

JAN. e.j

MENOLOGY.

5

possessed even in his lifetime the gift of miracles, some of which are recorded by one who knew him wclL The Abbey of Westminster, which he rcfoundcd, and where his relics still repose, bears testimony a)ike to Edward's devotion to St Peter, Prince of the Apostles, and to the veneration of the English people, until the change of religion, for the Saint, who was the laat of their Kings of the ancient race. He was canonized by Pope Alexander III. in the year il6l. The festival of St. Edward is now observed throughout the Church on the 13th October, the day of hi.s solemn translation.

■

John of John op Dalderbv, whilst holdinfj the

D^erby. Chancellorship of the Cathedral of Lincoln, a A.d1 dignity in which he obtained a wide repute as 'S**- a teacher, learned, prudent, and eloquent, was elected Bishop and consecrated in the year 130a His time and care were wholly devoted to the duties of his pastoral office and the administration of his extensive diocese. Given to habits of contemplation and worlcs of penance, he was specially zealous in preaching the Word of God, and he was ever open-handed and liberal towards the clergy and the poor. In view of his many miracles after death, the King, the Bishops, and people earnestly and repeatedly petitioned the Holy See for his canoniiation. Though these petitions re- mained without effect, the popular mltus at his tomb was maintained up to the time of the schism, when his shrine of pure silver in the great south transept of Lincoln Cathedral was taken away on pretext of "idolatry and superstition".

St. Bdwaid. CttU. I, 3,4,5. n. 13 «,*,<: 18, J19. Ltg. Tinm.. fol. 6rt,- CopKr., fcj. 7*6; 56. 64. 9S. Nov. Lc)!., rol. iot)&.- Whitf. Sti.

(sJw).): W. 1, Si Chal.

THE SIXTH DAY.

At Ambleteuse, ntar Boulogne, in France, the eotnmemora- lion of St. Peter, first AMfOt of tht Monastery of St, Peter and Si. Paitlf at Cttnttrbury.

6 MENOLOGY. [JAN. 7.

St. Piter, Peter was one of the first companions of St

*^. Ai^ustine, and a monk of St Andrew's in Rome. <<7' At the present day the name of St Peter may be seen in the inscription in the portico of the Church of St Andrew and St Gregory, which records the first Apostles of the English, who went forth from that holy retreat. St Angiuttne appointed him Abbot of his newly-founded monas- tery, which he continued to govern till after the death of the Saint In the year 607 or 608 St Peter was sent on an em- bassy to France, but was overtaken by a violent storm, and drowned near Ambleteuse, on the French coast The inha- bitants of that place buried him as a shipwrecked mariner, without any signs of honour ; but throughout the following night a brilliant light was seen to shine over his grave, show- ing how great were his merits before God. Accordingly they inquired who the holy man might be, and then removed the sacred relics to the city of Boulogne, where they were trea- sured with the highest veneration. The 6ve successors of St. Peter, as Abbots of St Peter and St Paul, were all either of the original companions of St Augustine, or were sent from Rome to take part in his labours. They are described as venerable and holy men, though they do not appear to have received the public honours of Sanctity. Their names were JOHN, Rufinian, Gratiosus, Patronius. and NathanIBI- After them followed the illustrious St Adrian.

Ltg. W. I and 3. Milt. Beda, lib. i., c. 33.

Chal. Thorn (Twysd. Col., 1761).

THE SEVENTH DAY. At Braunton, in North Devon, c/te deposition of St. Bran- NOCK, Abbot and Confessor. — At Newcastle-on-Tyne, the passion of tfu Venerable Edward Waterson, who suffered martyrdom for tlu Faith in t/ie perseattion of Elizabetlt.

St Bnm. From the dim traditions that have come down

Ab!'*^iif. '° "^ '* ""^y ^ gathered that Brannock came

A.D. from the opposite coast of Wales in the second

"""^ half of the sixth century, and that, unlike the

JAN. a]

MENOLOGY.

earlier Christian teachers on the shores of Devon and Corn- wall, St Nectan and his companions, who led a missionaiy or eremitical life, St. lirannock established a oommunity without moving from the place of his first settlement, and was the first in these quarters to clear the land, drive the plough, and practise the arts of agriculture. His feast was kept on this day at Kxctcr Cathedral, which possessed some of his relics.

V. E<lw»rd The Venerable EDWARD Watersox, a native m"*"* ^^ ^^^ diocese of London, was brought up in A.D. heresy, but in his youth gave proof of his fidelity ** to the light he had by refusing, while travelling in the East, the tempting offers of a wealthy Turk, who would have adopted him had he consented to renounce the name of Christ. His constancy was rewarded by the grace of con^ version to the Catholic Faith. lie at once devoted himself to the service of God by entering the English College at Rhcims. As a student VVaterson gave a bright example of humility and patience, and especially of zeal for the salvation of souls, and being ordained priest, was aent on the Mission in the year 1 592. He had not been long in England when he was arrested, tried, and condemned on the charge of being ordained by the auUiority of the Sec of Rome and coming to labour in this country. He suffered with great joy, considering his cruel death as a crown rather than a punishment. Eye- witnesses attested that his execution was attended with several miraculous circumstances. The name of Edward Watcrson is among the many Martyrs submitted to the Holy Sec for the honours of Beatification, and the introduction of his cause was admitted by His Holiness Pope Leo XHI.

H'*l- Oouay Diuiet. Clnllonei's Miuioaory vol. I.

Archiv. Wcatmon., Iy., p> lai i xL, p. PtieMK. 756.

Aichiv. WcBimon., CtiMnpney'* Atinftla. p. 003.

THE EIGHTH DAY. /tt Rome, f/te de^silwn of St. Pega, Virgin, wkoa chit/

S MENOLOGY. [JAN. B.

festival was uUbrated at Crqyland on this (fay, and that of her translation on the t^t/t of July. — At Hyde, near Winchester, the translation of the relics of St. Judoc, Confessor and Her- mit.— At Canterbury, the d^osition of Archbishop AtheLM, whose pious memory was held in great veneration. — At Sher- borne, in Dorset, the deposition of St. Wulsin, Bishop and Confessor.

SL Pen, V„ FeGA was sister of St Guthlac Drawn, it *1^- would seem, by the tie of natural affection, she

730 C* .

followed her brother and dwelt near the spot where the river Welland flowed into the open water, opposite his solitude in the Isle of Croyland. During the fifteen years of his retirement she never saw his face, but she was not for- gotten. The day before St Guthlac's death, his disciple and then sole companion, Beccelm (who himself narrated these events to the Saint's bit^rapher), entering the little oratory about midday, found Guthlac too ill to speak. But at length recovering somewhat, and raising himself a little, " My son," he said, " listen well to my last behests, for my time draws short. When the spirit shall have left this body, go^to my sister Pega, tell her that in this world I have avoided seeing her, that we may meet for eternity before our Father in ever- tasting joy. Bid her too come, and herself place my body in the tomb." By and by, pressed by Beccelm, Guthlac told him of the long, continuous ministry of angels with which he had been divinely favoured, adding, "Tell this to none but Pega and the hermit Egbert". Next day Guthlac died soon after sunrise ; and Beccelm took his boat and set off to fulfil his master's last commands. On hearing the news of her brother's death, Pega, overcome by sudden grief, fell stricken to the ground ; after some time, recovering herself, she gave God thanks, yet with many sighs, for His heavenly provi- dence. The day following, Thursday, she went with Beccelm to Croyland ; the next three days she spent in commending her brother's soul to God, and then she committed his remains to the earth, according to his request. Her affection and devotion were not yet satisfied. On the anniversary of

JAN. a]

MENOLOGY.

his death, in the presence of bishops, priests, and monks, brought together by her entreaties, Guthlac's grave was opened. The body was found intact and fresh as though in life; his winding-sheet and garments were bright and spotless. The beholders, full of astonishment and fear, knew not what to say or do, except Pcga, who, with joy and thanksgiving, directed the open grave to be hllcd and her brother's rdict to be placed in a tomb above ground. For some time s,he remained as their custodian, receiving those persons who c-Lme to the island to seek the aid of the Saint, and witnes.'ting the divine favours obtained by his intercession. Shortly aftcnvard.s King Ethel bald founded a monastery at Croyland and replaced the humble wooden oratory by a noble basilica. St. Pcga, like so many other English men and women of her time of all degrees, now went on a pilgrimage to the tomb of ihe Apostles to pray for herself and hers, and in Rome she died and was buried. In England her memory was perpetuated by the founda- tion of a monastery on the site of her cell, which took the name of Pcgakirk, now Peakirk, in Northampton-shire, and her feast was observed in the Abbey of Croyland.

Timaa. St. The relics, of St. jVnOC, who came from ■'"'a^D^" l^^^'sny in the seventh century to lead a hermit's 903 c. life in the Ponthicu, a district of Ptcardy, were preserved at his fonncr hermitage, afterwards known by the name of St. Jossc-sur-Mcr. This cell, as it was called, was granted by Charlemagne to Alcuin, that he might give help and hospitality to his countr)'men on pilgrimage, numbers of whom landed in the neighbourhood on crossing the Channel ; and here Alcuin sometimes resided. In the middle of the ninth century the monastery was ravaged by the Normans, and henceforward lay dcsnlatc. In the civil commotions in those quarters fifty years later, during which the now aged St. Grimhald was obliged finally to retire into England, some other religious following him brought with them a part at least of the now neglected relics of St. Judoc. These were received with great joy as a heavenly treasure by St Grim-

10 MENOLOGY. [JAN. a

t>ald, and placed in the New Minster at Winchester, lately built by King Edward the elder, son of Alfred the Great, which was dedicated that same year.

Atheiia, Bp., Athelm, the paternal uncle of St Dunstan, ^°' is said to have been among the few who, in the evil days of the Danish wars, kept up at Glaston- bury the tradition of the monastic state. On the foundation of the See of Wells he was consecrated its first Bishop, and in the year 914 he was translated to the See of Canterbury. Though it would seem that he was honoured with no public or liturgical eultus, the name of " St Athelm " is found in the list of the Corpora Sancta resting in Canterbury Cathedral.

St WnUa, St Dunstan, when Bishop of London, at the Bp^UMif., ^jQgj jjf ^ considerable present, obtained a grant 973. from King Edgar of the ancient Monastery of Westmister, which had long been deserted After rebuilding the house and endowing it with property sufficient for the maintenance of a community, he placed there twelve monks under the care of WULSIN, retaining, however, for a time at least, some control in his own hands. After a long abbatial rule, Wulsin was in the year 993 raised to the See of Sher- borne: Here, ui^ed both by the counsel and example of St. vClfric, Archbishop of Canterbury, he introduced monks to serve his cathedral in the place of clerics. His design was to obtain for them an independent endowment and place over them an abbot. But they declared again and again that they could not for^o his gentle sway ; at length he gave up his own plan and yielded to their wishes, though unwillingly, and warning them that such an arrangement would by and by be the cause of grievous trouble to the community. St Wulsin's character was marked by singular modesty and humility ; he was averse from all display, as was apparent by his ptmtijicalia, of a very simple, unpretending kind, which were still shown at Sherborne more than a century after his death. In his last moments St. Wulsin was favoured with a vision of heaven, and in singing the antiphon, " Behold I see

JAN. O.]

MENOLOGV.

11

the hca^'cns opened and Jesus standing at the right hand of God," he gave up his spirit

St. P«K«. Afiirti. L, M (on 13 July). Up. W. a (3 Jun.) ; Chal. (11 Apt.}.

Si. Judoc. Cah. ij. CS. Lfg. Wbiif. &u. (9 Jan.): W. i {3

Athclm. Hiif. Gcfvau (Twyid. Col.. 1644). Si. WuUin.

Marts. w,q (a Aft.).

Leg. Ttnm.. fot. ija; Capgt., fol. i63£; Nov. Leg..fol. jjia; WliUC Add.; W. 1(10 8ep.)iW. 1(8 Jut.); Chnl. (a6 Sep.]. Hnl. Malmce. Pont., lib. ii.

THE NINTH DAY.

At Canterbury, t/u deposition of St. Adrian, Con/esscr, Abbot of tfte MonasUry of St. Pettr and St. Paul, afltrwardt knoum as St. Augustifi^s. — Also at Canterbury, the deposition of St. Brithwai.d. Confessor, the seventh Archbishop of that See. — At York, the translation of St. Willi Ail, Confessor, Arcftbishop of York.

St, AdriuL St. Adrian was born in Africa, but was settled '^^ioi ''" * religious house near Naples, when the Pope 7'«> St. Vitalian called him to Rome, with the inten- tion of consecrating him as successor to St. Deusdcdit, in the Sec of Canterbury. At the earnest request of Adrian, the Pope accepted St. Theodore in his place, but on the condition that he should accompany him to England, to be his guide through France, which he had already visited twice, and his adviser in the administration of his diocese ; lest Theodore, who wa« a Grc«k by birth and education, should be disposed to intro- duce d.-iiig«;r(.m5 novelties Into the English Church. The Saints were detained some time in France; and when St Theodore w.is able to cross the sea, Sl Adrian was still obliged to stay, through the jealousy of Ebroin, Mayor of the Palace, u ho suspected that he might have some political mission from the Eastern Emperor, At length Adrian also reached Cantcrburj*. and, on the retirement of St. Benet Biscop from the Abbey of St. Peter and Sl Paul, was ap- pointed to succeed him in hisofHce, a place which he retained

12 MENOLOGY. [JAN. a

till his death. St Theodore and his faithful counsellor were both men of great learning, in all branches of ecclesiastical discipline, and in their perfect knowledge of the Greek and I-atin languages. The benefits of their joint labours were felt throughout the land. Episcopal Sees were multiplied, resident priests established, where hitherto they had not been known, synods held, and Church discipline well settled. One work, in which St Adrian had a special share, was the establish- ment of schools, which were eagerly thronged by the youth of England, and spread their benefits far and wide. They had many distinguished pupils, who were as familiar with Greek and Latin as with their native tongue. Among the most illustrious are mentioned St Aldhelm, Tobias, Bishop of Rochester, and Albinus, who was afterwards Abbot in place of St Adrian. The Saint long survived St Theodore, and continued perseveringly in the duties which had been assigned to him, until, after spending thirty-nine years in England, he was called to receive the reward of his labours in the year 71a

St Brith- St. BrithwalD, or Berctuald, was Abbot

Coie«w" °^ Reculver, in Kent, when, on the death of St A.D. Theodore, he was chosen to succeed him in the primacy of the English Church. Though less learned than his great predecessor, he was nevertheless well versed in the Holy Scriptures, and all other matters belonging to ecclesiastical and monastic discipline: On his appointment he went over to France and received episcopal consecration from Godwin, Archbishop of Lyons, and was not installed till the following year. During his long episcopate of thirty- seven years, St Brithwald did much in the cause of religion, and many Bishops received consecration at his hands. Though at first opposed to him, he became a friend of St Wilfrid's, and gladly promulgated the apostolic letters restoring him to his See, using his utmost endeavours to reconcile him with the princes and others, who were hostile to him. At length, worn out with years and labours, St Brithwald was called to his everlasting rest, and buried near St. Theodore, within the church of the Abbey of St. Peter and St. Paul.

JAN. la]

MENOLOGY.

15

Tnma. Sl Up to the year 1283, the relics of ST. Wili.ia5I

Bp "cOTif '**^ remained under ground in the tomb in which A-D. they had been first laid. The magnificent Anthony Uek, liishop-decl of Durham, resolved to signalise his consecration in York Min»tcr on the Sunday within the octave of the Epiphany that >'car, by the long desired transla- tion. King Edward, though busily engaged in operations on the Welsh borders, came specially to York for the occasion, being the more moved to do so inasmuch as he had had occasion to attribute a recent escape from serioua danger to the intercession of the Saint The Queen was also present, with eleven Bishops, besides Archbishop William Wyckwane, and a multitude of clergy and laity of all degrees. On Saturday the relics, after due examination, were placed in a ahrine of silver and gold. On Sunday the Matins of the nciv feast were sung for the first time ; and after the hour of Prime, the King and prelates took the precious burden on their shoulders, but the press was so dense that all efTorts to make a passage in the nave of the church were vain, and the procession could only make its way from the transept up one aisle of the choir to the honourable rcsting-placc which had been prepared for tlie relics, in the rear (it would seem) of the high altar. The feast of this translation was observed in the Church of York on the Sunday in the octave of the Epiphany.

St. Adrian. St. Brithtrald.

CitJi. 10, 26. 41, 46. 48. 64, 101. Cat. 46.

L*g. Tinm., tol. 14^; Capgi-.Tol. m; L<g, W. i and a; Chil. Nov. Leg.. M. 11 ; Whitr. Add. ; W. I Mid 3 ; Chkt.

Hilt. Bcda. iv., c. i. tt vf .

Hitt. BcdB, i., c. 3 ! v.. c. S. 19. 33 j Malmci. Pont. St. William. Cnif. to, I, 17, 13. Ug. W. I and z ; Choi. Hiu. Siui)t (Tnytd. Col., 1737).

THE TENTH DAY. At Farcmonticrs en Brie, ia FraHCty tJte effmmemoration of St. Setiirvda, Virgin and A Mfis.

St SetitT7d», This Saint was the daughter of the wife of

^'jtD***' ^""^ King of the East Angles, by a former

Mac. marriage. Some writers assert that her mother

t4 MENOLOGY. [JAN. 11, IS.

was St. Hereswitha, the sister of St Hilda, but the best authorities consider that Hereswitha was not the wife of Anna, but of Ethelhere, his brother and successor. Being called to the religious state, ST. SethryDA retired, with her half-sister, St. Ethelburga, and her niece, St Ercongota, to the Abbey of Faremontiers, whilst the foundress, St. Fara, or Burgundofora, was still alive. So great was the esteem, in which the English strangers were held, and so high the repu- tation of their holy lives, that the two sisters were successively chosen to be Abbesses, and are rounted among the Saints of God. Leg. W. I, a; Chal. (18 May). Hist. Bedm, iii., c. 8; BoU., vol. ii.

THE ELEVENTH DAY. At Tyburn, i/ie martyrdom of the Venerable WILLIAM Carter, Layman,

VeaWmUm WlLLlAM CARTER, by trade a printer, was

*^^' arrested and tried for the publication of a treatise

tS^f against Schism, written by the learned Gregory

Martin. The object of the work was to dissuade Catholics

from attending the heretical worship ; but one passage of it

was, by a most unjust interpretation, represented as a covert

exhortation to the murder of Queen Elizabeth. On this

atrocious charge, the innocent publisher was condemned to

the cruel penalties of high treason, one of the presiding

judges being John Aylmer, the Protestant Bishop of London.

Bridgwater's Concertatio, p. 127. Acchiv. Westmon., Champney's An-

Challoner'a MiBuonary PiicBti, vol. i. nals, p. 785.

THE TWELFTH DAY. At Monk's Wearmouth, in t/ie bishopric of Durltam, the deposition of St. BENEDICT BlscOP, Abbot and Confessor.— At tlie Abbey of Rievaulx, in Yorkshire, the deposition of St. jElred, Abbot and Confessor.

St Benet BENEDICT Biscop, a man of noble birth, spent

^^^'g<*'^-'his early days in the service of Oswy, King of

690. Northumbria, from whom he received many

JAN. la.]

MENOLOGY.

is

favours and a libeml grant of land. But the Saint had higher aspirations than the service of an earthly king, and. as a first step in his new Hfc. made a pilgrimage to Rome, to visit the tombs of the Holy Apostles, in company with St Wil- frid, from whom he parted at Lyons. On his return, Benet did much to promote among his own people a zeal for the sacred rites and other oiKervanccs which he had learned at the Holy Sec. On the occasion of a projected pilgrimage to Rome of Alchfrid, Oswy's son, Benet was chosen for his guide and companion, but, on a change in the King's plans, Benet resolved to undertake the journey alone. After satis- fying his devotion by a visit of some months to the holy places, which he loved so dearly, Benet retired to the Isle of Lerins, and there embraced the monastic life, and took the vows of Religion. After two yean:, he returned to Rome, atid, while making this third pilgrimage, he was commanded by Pope St. Vitalian to conduct St. Theodore, the newly consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury, and St. Adrian, his compaiiinn.tn England. Hewas then np^iointed Abbot of the Monaster)' of St. Peter and St. Paul at Canterbury, but after two years resigned the dignity, that he might again visit the shrines of the Apostles in Rome. During this journey he collected many precious volumes, some boupht and some given by his friends, as well as a number of sacred relics. On his return to England, he sc(mif to have projected a foundation in Wcs.<m;x, but on the death of King Ccnwalch he changed his plans, and went to Northumbria. Here King Egfrid persuaded him to found the Monastery of Sl Peter, at the mouth of the Wear, for which he provided a liberal endowment St. Bcnct resolved, among other works, to build a church of stone after the Roman fashion, and brought over workmen from France for the purpose, as well as others to All the windows with glass, an art hitherto unknown in Eng- land, ami others, again, to cast sacred vessels and lamps for the use of the church. But, with al! this, his zeal for the house of God vms not satisfied, and once more he went to Rome. This time he returned with a still larger store of sacred objects : relics, books, a picture of the ever-blessed

i6 MENOLOGY. [JAN. 13.

Mother of God, one of the Apostles, and a series of scriptural paintings for the walls of his church. He was accompanied by the Abbot John, arch-cantor of St Peter's, who came to teach the Roman chant He also received many favours from Pope Agatho, and amongst them a privilege of exemp- tion, or special protection for his monastery. After this, he built a second monastery, in honour of St Paul, at Jarrow on the Tyne, with the intention that both houses should be under the government of one and the same Abbot It was not long before he was seized with his last lingering sickness; but even then he never ceased to watch over the welfare of his brethren, exhorting them to perfect brotherly charity and the most exact observance of their holy rule, which had been drawn up in accordance with the discipline of many holy houses, visited by himself. He also willed that they should preserve with great care the precious library he had collected, and be diligent in the study of the sacred sciences. During his sleepless nights, his great consolation was to hear passages from the book of Job, or other parts of Holy Scripture, and to direct his thoughts from his bodily sufferings to the hope of better things hereafter. At length God called him to Him- self on the I2th of January, 690, while the monks were singing the night Office in church, at the psalm " Deits guts simiits Tibi" which celebrates the final triumph of the faithful souL St Benet Biscop was buried in his church at Wearmouth, before the altar of the Blessed Apostle Peter, towards whom his devotion had been so true and so constant throughout his life. In the modern English Calendar, the festival of St. Benedict is observed on the 12th of February.

StiElred, v^LRED was an Englishman of noble birth, A!b ' ^""^ connected with some of the principal families itM. both of his own country and of Scotland. In his early youth he was invited by St David, King of Scots, to his Court, where he held the office of Master of the Household. In that dangerous position his life was always devout and irreproachable, and he soon began to crave for a state of greater perfection. For a time, however, his love for his

JAN. 13.]

MENOLOGY.

nr

master and tender friendship for his companions detained him in the world. At length, by the grace of God, he was able to break these tics, and sought refuge in tlic newly- founded Cistercian Abbey of Kicvaulx, otherwise called Rievalle or Ridal, in Yorkshire. His constitution was delicate ; but fervour supplied the lack of bodily strength, and he was able to bear, without initjgfation, all the austerities of that very rigorous order. From the day on which he received flic habit, -ISlrcd began to make rapid progress in the ways of perfection. He loved the silence and solitude prescribed by the rule, and in all its observances found help to ratae Iiis soul to God. Prayer and holy reading, and especially tlie Huly Scriptures, were his delight, and nil else distasteful to him. During his lifetime, the young Saint was distinguished for his miraculous gifts, exercised only for the glory of God. He became a learned man, and many of his writings, both theological and historical, arc still preserved. The former arc especially noticeable, as showing how thoroughly he was possessed with the spirit of his great father, St Bernard. In the course of time, St. vClrcd was constrained to undertake the government of the ncwly- founded Abbey of Rcvcsby, in Lincolnshire, and eventually of his own house of Rievaulx. In these consecrated spots he trained numbers of zealous servants of God in the perfection of the religious state, desirous of living himself hidden and forgotten by the world. But he was not forgotten, and the fame of his sanctity was widely spread ; so that ecclesiastical dignities were repeatedly offered to him, particularly by his former master and friend, King David, who urgently pressed him to accept a bishopric in his dominions. Notwitlistanding these solicitations, the humility and firmness of the Saint triumphed, and he remained a humble monk to his dying day. He had a long and painful sickness of ten years, which he bore with most admirable patience and resignation, and thus was puriBcd from such defects as are inevitably con- tracted in thi.s life, j^lred had been Abbot twenty -two years, and had reached the fifty-seventh year of his age, when he was called to enjoy that rest which his faithful scT\'ice had

i8 MENOLOGY. [JAN. la

merited from the Just Judge. After death, as in life, he was celebrated for his miracles; and, in the year 1250, the General Chapter of his Order placed his name in the Catalogfue of their Saints. It is also said that he was formally canonized by the Holy See. In England the festival of St iSlred is now observed on the 3rd of March, by appointment of Pope LeoXni.

SC Benedict Biacop. St. Xhed.

CaU. 13 a, b, and c, 47, 63. Mari.'Rom. (Suppl.Ciater.,1 March).

Uarli. Rom., N, M, O, Q. Ltg,Tima.,{ol.i5b; C»pgt.,tai.toii Leg. Tinra.,fol.£4i6; Capgr.,fbl.4g Nov. Leg., fbl. ita; WhitC Add.;

(burnt); Nov. Leg., fol. 3411; W. i, 3; Chad.

Whitf. Add. ; W. 1, 3 ; Chal. Manriquei, An. Ciit«., vol. i., p. 395.

Hilt. Beda, v., c. ig, Ac; Lives of Henriquei, Henol. Ciaier., 13 Jan.

Abbots.

THE THIRTEENTH DAY.

/« Wales, tie festival of St. Elian ap Erbin.—At Glasgow, the deposition of St. Kentigern, BisJiop and Confessor, wlw preached tlie Gospel in Cumberland, and founded t/ie Monastery of St. Asaph, in Flintshire.

St Kcntiseni, St. Kentigern was bom at Culross, in Perth- ^A.D*"^' shire, and brought up from infancy under the tiooc discipline of St Serf, from whom he received, besides the name of Kentigern, the endearing title of Mungo {carissimus amicus). Arrived at manhood, he felt a call to missionary work ; and leaving Culross, he was, when only twenty-five years old, consecrated by an Irish prelate Bishop for the kingdom of the Strathclyde Britons, which, excluding the Pictland of Galloway, stretched from Stirlingshire and Dumbarton on the north to the river Derwent in Cumber- land. The chief scene of his labours was the district around Glasgow, then a forest*land, where he brought together several disciples, each of whom lived in a separate cell, though they were engaged in agriculture. On the accession of a new king, unfavourable to the missionaries, St Kentigern de- tertnined to retire, and, attracted by the reputation of St David, set out for South Wales. On hearing, when he reached Carlisle, that the people of the neighbouring hill-country

JAN. la]

MENOLOGY.

I»

were wholly pagan, he desisted Tor a while from his journey lo preach the Gospcl.and converted manyto the Christian religion. To confirm the faith of the neophytes, he established himself in the midst of the district, at a spot since called Crossfell, from a crosii which he there set up. The numerous dedications to St Kentigcm in the county of Cumberland arc a memorial to this day of his apostolata At length he resumed his pilgrim- age, keeping along the ooasL He stayed at Mencvia with St David, until the prince of the province of Powis, in conjunction with Maclgwn, King of North Wales, founded fof him a monastery in Klintshire at Llanelwy, since called St. Asaph. Here Kentigcrn, after enduring some tribulations from the waywardness of Maelgwn, gathered round him a community, yielding in point of numbers only to that of Bangor. According to their capacities he assigned to some monks work in the fields, to some domestic duties, whilst a third and lettered division, in several choirs, kept up in church the laus contimta. Through the great battle of Ardderyd, in the year 573, the Christian party in the kingdom of Strathclydft gained once more the upper hand, and one of the first steps of the new King. Rhydderch, was to recall St Kentigcrn ; who, committing the care and rule of Llanelwy to his favourite disciple, St Asaph, now returned, after an absence, it would seem, of twenty years or more, to the country he might call his own. He now began a career of missionary work yet more active than before. First he settled at Hoddam, in Dumfriesshire, whence he passed on the one side westward to Galloway, to rekindle the faifh once preached there by St. Ninian ; on the other he penetrated north-east into Alban, the counties of FcilJi and Aberdeen. It \s, said that he sent tltsciplcs even to tlie islatid-t of the extreme north. The closing years of his life were spent at Gla.^gow, where he was visited by St. Columba ; and he is reported to have gone to Rome during the pontificate of St Gregory the Great- The Apostle of Cumbria died, full of years and honour, in his own city of Glasgow, and his relics stilt lie, but now without honour, in the cr^-pt of its former cathedral church.

20 MENOLOGY. [JAN. 14, 16.

St. Elian. St. Kentigem.

Cal. gi. Marlt. M, Q.

Lfg. Tinm., fa). 176; Capgr., fol. 1880 : Nov. Leg., fol. 1076 ; Whitfl Add. ; W. I, 3 ; Chal. Hut. Life by Jocelin of Fnmeas.

THE FOURTEENTH DAY. At Canterbury, tlupioits memory of Uu holy Abbot Albinus, whose relics were ftonourably trajislated with t/iose of St. A ugus- tifie and other Saints.

AHuhiu, Albinus succeeded St. Adrian as Abbot of

******! D.**^' St- Peter and St. Paul's, otherwise called St 7^ Augustine's, at Canterbury. He was the first Englishman who held that dignity, his seven pre- decessors having all come on the Mission from Rome. He had been a pupil of the learned Adrian, and was therefore well yersed in the Latin and Greek languages and in ecclesiastical science. It was mainly at his instigation that St. Bode under- took to write his history, and to his assistance he gratefully acknowledges himself deeply indebted. Albinus ruled his Abbey for twenty-two years, and in 732 was called to his heavenly reward. He was buried beside St Adrian in the Church of Our Lady ; but in after years, when the bodies of St Augustine and many other Saints were translated to the new church, the remains of Albinus were likewise removed and placed in the wall behind the Attar of St Gregory.

L4g. Chal. (11 Jan.). Hist. Beda, Introduction, &c., v., c. 20;

Thorn (Twysd. Col., 1771).

THE FIFTEENTH DAY. At Lindisfame and at Norham, in Northumberland, the commemoration of St. Ceolwulf, King of Northumbria, and afterwards Monk of Lindisfame. — In Wales, the festival of St. Sawyl.

St Ceolwulf. Ceolwulf succeeded to the crown of North-

ifb. ' umbria on the death of Osric. The beginning of

7%- his reign was disturbed by faction and rebellion,

and he was forcibly seized by his enemies and

JAN. 16.]

MENOLOGY.

3C

compelled to receive the monastic tonsure about the year 731. He was, however, soon restored, and ruled peaceably till his voIuntar>' abdication in 737. It was to this prince that St. Bcde dedicated Im EceitsiastUai History, and in his EpisUt he bears testimony to his piety and love of learning. It was also while CcoKvulf was King, that the pallium was granted anew to the Sec of York, which had never been done since tlie time of St. Faulinus ; and thus Egbert, who then ruled the diocese, became the second Archbishop.

The fen'cnt piety of Ccohvulf led him to seek the means of greater perfection in the religious state, and after governing his people a few years, he took refuge at Lindisfamc. There he led a holy life for many years, an example of true con- tempt for the vanities of the world. Eventually his relics were taken to the Church of Norham, and the translation was marked by many miracles.

SI. CMlwuir. St. Sawyl.

Ug. W. 1 (14 Much); W. a ([$ Cdi. 91.

Jan.); ChaJ. (19 Ott.]. H'mU Beda, Dcdic, &c., v., c 33 1

Simeon Duiwlm. (SuftMi. pp. 1 1, 17.

at, aji). LeUnd, Collect., vol. ii., p. 17X4

THE SIXTEENTH DAY. In Wales, the fattml of ST. Karantoc— /!/ Lagny-sur- Mamc, in France, the festival cf ST. FUKSEV, Abl>ot and Con- ftsscr, wito had for man/ years exercised tJu afostoltc mission in Suffolk, and founded tfie Monastery of Burgfu/tsttt in that cctotty. — fit Colcet Island, eff r/te coast of Nort/tumberland, the deposition of the servant of God, Henky the Hermit.

St- Fbtsbt, St. Fukskv was a native of Ireland. He had *** a' D ^^'^'^^ ''"''' " monastery in which he led a life of *S* retirement, devoted to study and the exercises of piety. The wars and tumults which distracted his own country obliged bim to seek a retreat elsewhere. He there- fore crossed the sea and came over to England, traversing Walca and the greater part of the island until he rea<;hed the kingdom of East Anglia. There he was warmly welcomed

32 MENOLOGY, [JAN. 10,

by the holy King S^bert, who rejoiced to have him as a. co-operator in his great work of bringing his people to the faith of the Gospel. He placed him at Burghcastle, then called Cnobheresburg in Suffolk, where he founded a religious house. He had in his company two brothers of his own, who are also reckoned among the Saints~>St. Foilan and St. Ultan. They devoted themselves zealously to the woric of -the apostolic mission, as well as to the perfection of the monastic life, and were the means of converting many from paganism, and solidly instructing them in the Christian pre- cepts. St Fursey was favoured with various heavenly visions, in which the eternal truths of religion were indelibly impressed on his soul.

After a time he became desirous of more complete solitude, and retired to a hermitage with his brother Ultan, leaving the care of his monastery to his brother St Foilan and DicuUus or Deicola, who bad come with him from Ireland. He was driven thence by the wars in East Anglia, and went to seek a more peaceful abode in France. He was gladly received by King Clovis, and settled at a monastery at Lagny on the Mame. There he ended his days in peace, and his sanctity was attested by many miracles at the time of his death. On the translation of his relics, four years later, his body was found without a trace of corruption.

St. Beda mentions the priests Dicullus and Gabbanus as having the charge of the monastery with St. Foilan. Deicola sometimes has the title of Saint.

Henrr, Henrv was by birth a Dane. When urged

*!(LD ^y *"^ relatives to many, he was admonished by iiioc. a vision to leave home and kindred, and lead a solitary life on the northern coast of England, which, in view of the constant intercourse between the two countries in the eleventh century, he probably well knew as the ancient abode of Saints. He landed at Tynemouth, and obtained from Remigius, prior of the monks, who had recently founded there a cell subordinate to the Monastery of St. Albans, permission to settle in Coket Island, which belonged to the priory. Here Henry built himself a little hut and oratory, and observed a

JAN. 16.]

MENOLOGV.

H

rigid abstinence ; but here, too, his friends followed him, and besi^red him with entreaties that he would at least choose a solitude in his own countr>'. The love of his native land revived and grew strong upon him, but he deferred an answer until the morrow. A ni^ht spent in prayer before the crucifix in his oratory confirmed him in his purpose of remaining ; but mistrusting hi.s own powers of resistance, he prayed yet again that it might be so ordered, that he could not leave the island even if he would. Falling asleep, he was by and by aroused by the violence of pain caused by a tumour in the Icnee, which became soon aggravated, and never aHcrwards left him. Though thus disabled, he contrived, supporting himself with a staff, to keep in cultivation his little field, and with such assiduitj- that the sterile ground produced an abundant harvest. The more he suffered from his affliction, the more cheerful he seemed to become. In his last illness he remained alone in his cell through the cold of the winter night and the weariness of the day ; only on the verge of death did he summon help by ringing the bell of his hermi- tage. When the monk who exercised the pastoral care over the few inhabitants of the island arrived, he found the holy hermit dead on the bare stone, holding fast in the one hand the bell-cord, in the other a lighted candle. In spite of the resistance of the neighbouring people to the removal of his body, the monks of Tyncmoulh found means to convey it to their monastery, and they interred it with much honour under an arch in the south wall of the choir, not far from the shrine of their patron, St. Oswia

St. Kvantoc. Cal. S).

SLFufWy. Co/j. 7, », lo. 14, 37. 41, J4, «j, roi. JWdf/i. Rom.. D. C. E. G. K. L. N.

O. P. Q. R. Lfg. Tinm., M. aifi; Capif-i W-

I3t6: Nov. Ltg; fol. iSj6. \Vhi(r.(i6Jvi.)i %V.i{4MiirchBnd

35 Feb) ; W. I (js Feb.]. Clul.1i6Jui.). fi'U- Beda, iii., c. 19.

Henry. L*g. Tinm.. fal, ijii, Capgi.. Tol. t43d. Nov. Leg., fol. 1766. Vrh\tf. Add. (16 Jan.^ W. I and3(iflj«n.). Chal. (16 Jan.).

24 MENOLOGV. [JAN. 17, 10.

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY. T^ Italy memory of St. MilDGYTH, Virgin, the sister of St. Mildred and St. Milburga.

StMUdgyth, St. Mildgyth was the youngest of the three

^5^ saintly daughters of Merewald and St Ermenbui^[a.

676c. When her mother returned to Kent, it is probable

'■ that Mildgyth accompanied her, as she must then

have been of a tender ^e, and that she remained with her at

Minster for some time. Like her sisters, St Milbui^a and St

Mildredjshe was favoured with a vocation to the religious life,

and the place chosen for her retreat was some monastery in

the kingdom of Northumbria, the name of which is not known.

The ancient record merely says : " St Milgith lies in Nortti-

umbria, where her miraculous powers were often exhibited,

and still are ".

Ltg. W. I (17 Jan.) ; W. a (26 Hht. Florence (Genealogies). Feb.) ; Chal. (17 Jan.). MS. in Cockayne, vol. iii., p. 435

(Rolli Mries). L«land, Collect., vol. ii. (iii.), p. 169.

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY. In Sweden, tlu passion of St. Ulfrid, Martyr, who was an Englishman by birth, and went to preach to tlu pagans of titat country,

St Ulfrid, M., Ulfrid, also called Wulfrid, was an Eng- ^^ lishman, who, in obedience to a divine inspiratirai, quitted his native land, to preach the Gospel to the pagans of Sweden. His mission was attended with ample success, and many converts were made to the Faith. In his zeal for the destruction of the kingdom of Satan, in the pre- sence of a multitude of people, he attacked the idol of Thor, and hewed it to pieces with an axe. Upon this, the furious idolaters immediately rushed upon the servant of God, and cruelly put him to death on the spot. They also treated his venerable remains with many insults, and cast them into a marsh, thus leaving them, until in better times Ulfrid was venerated as a Martyr of Christ The commemoration in the old calendars is on the i8th of January.

JAN. le.]

MENOLOGY.

«5

L*g. W. I <i8 Jk..); W. a (>7 Jan.J[Chtl,(«J«n.)-

Hi$t. Boll. (vol. in, Jan.)- P- »a: Notice from Adam of Uivmta. who lived not 50 ytin \atet Ihikn

lh« MU(}T.

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

At Middlcton Abbey, /« Doritishire, Uu tratisialion 0/ St. BranwalI-ATOR, Bis/icp and Conjasor. — At Worcester, tiu deposUioH of St. Wulstan, Coii/cssor and Bislwp of that Ste. — At Upsal, in Sweden, and in Finland, l/te passion of Si. Henry, Bisfwp mid Martyr.

St Bnuiwal- When King Athelstan had founded the Abbey

Bp**C«ir "'^ Middleton, he was careful to enrich the church

A.D. with many precious rciics. which he collected from

** ^ various parts of the world — from Rome, from the

Continental Brittany, and many other places. Among these

sacred treasures was an arm of St. BrakwallatOR, Bishop,

whose name was associated with those of our Blessed Lady,

St. Michac), and St. Samson, in the dedication of the church.

Who Sl Branwallator was, wc have no information ; but

from his name, it may be inferred that he was a Briton,

whether a native of this island or of the Continent

St. WntetM. Wui-STAN. or Ulfstan, was a native of Warwick- ^'a-D*"''' shire and the son of most religious parents, who *095- cvcntualty, with the desire of g^rcatcr perfection, separated and embraced the monastic life; Wulstan %va5 edu- cated principally at the Abbey of Peterborough, and fully cor- responded with the lesions in piety and good learning which he there received. The purity of his life was spotless, his abstinence in food and drink most rigorous, his assiduity in prayer and watchings and the recitation of the psalter con- tinuous. He was remarkable for his Christian simplicity united with genuine prudence and enlightened discernment Though deemed dcftcicnl in human science, he was abundantly provided with heavenly wi>Klon), and gifted ^^'ilh wonderful eloquence, when speaking in his own language of the things of God. Wulstan in the course of time became desirous of

36 MENOLOGY. [JAN. lO.

imitating the example of his parents, to which his mother continually urged him, and retired to the Priory of Worcester, which his father had chosen for his own retreat In this new state of life, the virtues, of which he had already given proof, were rapidly brought to perfection, under the religious disci- pline, and with the aid of the advantages he then enjoyed. At first he had the charge of the young pupils of the monastery, but was afterwards appointed to the care of the church, an office which allowed him full scope for his love of prayer and his long, sleepless vigils. On the death of the Prior, Aldred, the Bishop of Worcester, named Wulstan his successor, and also chose him first Abbot of the monastery he had founded at Gloucester. These duties he fulfilled to the edification of all ; and, when Aldred was promoted to the Metropolitan See of York, Wulstan was chosen to be Bishop of Worcester, with the glad consent of all and the cordial approbation of the Papal legates, who happened to be at Worcester at the time. The holy man, however, could by no means be induced to accept the dignity, until the influence of the holy hermit St Wulfsi was brought to bear upon him, and he was expressly told that he would be guilty of grievous sin if he resisted the manifest call of God. He was accordingly consecrated by Archbishop Aldred on the festival of Our Lad/s Nativity, A.D. 1062, towards the close of the reign of St. Edward the Confessor. Wulstan was a pastor of the primitive type, assiduous in all that concerned the good of souls, in preaching, in hearing the confessions of the numbers who came to him, in the daily celebration of the Holy Mass, and in maintaining the due observance of the public worship of the Church. Though a lover of poverty and abstinence, he observed the customary hospitality at his own table, and, like others of his rank, was attended by numerous retainers. Wulstan was one of the first prelates who tendered his submission to the Conqueror after the battle of Hastings, and proved his fidelity to him and to his son in critical times. When Lanfranc was Archbishop, an attempt was made to remove the Saint from his See, on the ground of his want of learning ; but when he appeared at Westminster, both the Archbishop

JAN. 10.]

MENOLOGY.

27

and the King were so impressed with his manifest holiness, that they at once declared him worthy of the office he held. Many miracles are recorded of SL Wulstan. both during his life and after death, and instances of his remarkable gift of prophecy. He lived to a good old age, and died in the year 109s, a peaceful And holy death. In full confidence of the mercy of God. he consoled his afflicted attendants with the promise that after his departure he should be able to help them more than he had done on earth. His venerable remains, clothed in pontifical vestments, were exposed In the church for three days, after which his friend Robert, Bishop of Here- ford, to whom he had appeared in a vision, came to celebrate his obsequies. He was buried in an honourable tomb, soon frequented by devout pilgrims, who through the Saint's inter- cession failed not to obtain what they came to ask.

St.HeiuT, Henky, who was by birth -an Englishman, A.D governed the diocese of Upsal. at the time when 1150 c. St. Eric was King of Sweden. ITirough the zeal of the two Saints, working tugcthcr for the glory of God, the influence of our holy religion was greatly extended, and the manners of the rude population much ameliorated. The people of Sweden at that time were suflTcring much from the pagans of Finland, and for their protection the King was obliged to declare war. In the expedition, which was completely succciisrul, he wm accompanied by St, Henry, and after he had returned to his own states, the holy Bishop remained to preach the Gospel to the heathen, The people willingly accepted the heavenly message, and received baptism in great numbers ; but the good work was cut short by the martyrdom of the holy mtssioner. To impres-t his converts with ihe sanctity of the Christian law, he had deemed neces- sary lo pronounce the sentence of excommunication against a certain criminal, who had been guilty of atrocious murder. The unhappy man, instead of being brought to penance, was filled with rage, and waited only for an opportunity of assassi- ' Hating the good shepherd of the flock. No sooner was the evil deed accomplished, than God showed by manifest signs

28 MENOLOGY. [JAN. 30^ 31,

how precious in His sight was the death of this faithful servant In subsequent times also many miracles were wrought through the intercession of St. Henry, whose relics were preserved with veneration at Upsal, until they were pro- faned, when the Catholic Faith was abandoned by the Swedes. St Henry was canonized in 1 158, not many years afler his death, by Pope Adrian IV.

St. BranwBlUtOT. Cal. 15. Ltg. Whitf. Sai. (ig Jan.) ; Chal.

Marl. M, Q. (3 June).

Hill. Dugdale Monaat., ii., p. 349. St. Wulstan. Call. I, 3, 4, 5, 8, 16, 18, 20, 23, Hist. Flor. (a.d. 1058.62 et *tq.)i 37, 39, 10, 56, 58, 59, 63, 64, 65, Contin. (a.d. ioq$).

95, 102. Malmesb. Pont., iv., { 136 tt Mf.

Marts. Rom., K, L, O, Q. Simeon Dunelm., Gtsta Reg., hJt.

Leg. Tinm., fol. 266; Capgr., fol. 1062-95.

2646; Nov. Leg., fol. 3316.; Whitt Sai. (18 Jan.); W. i and 2j Chal.

St. Henry. Mart. Molanus (add. to Ueuaid). Hitt. Lives in Boll. (2nd vol of Ju).,

Leg. W. I and 2 ; Chal. p. 249).

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

The pious memory of the holy Hermit WULFSI, who lived in the time of St. Edward tlie Confessor.

Wulfsi, WuLFSl, otherwise called Wulsi, dwelt for »xty

^A^'' y^^rs in the most rigorous seclusion, as an anchorite,

1062. and was greatly venerated for his sanctity. It is

recorded of him that by his persuasions, or rather

his threats of God's displca-surc, St Wulstan was induced to

accept the bishopric of Wtjrccstcr, which till then he had

steadily refused. The day and year of the holy man's death

are not known.

Lff. Chal. (30 Dec.). //'*'. Brompton (Twyad. Co!., 953)1

Knyghton (Twysd. Col., 2367).

THK 'IV/)-,N'IV.I-IRST DAY.

In .South Wfiirs, Ihf Jfiltvftl o/^-w LaWDOG, to whom are dedicated several /himhrt tti the dioiese of St. David's, and

JAN. 21.]

MENOLOGY.

29

toAaid memory is marked on this day in an aHoent Welsh Calendar. — At Tyburn, in the nij^ of Qu/ett EJisahetJt. the Martyrdom of the venerabU servants of God, EdwarD Stranciiam and Niciiol.vs Whekler, Priests. — Aho at Tyburn, »« the reign of Clutrles I-, tfie passion of ThOMAS GREEN,(!/A/rrf'waiAfcrfREVNOLDS./'WfA'l«rfBARTi[0LOMEW Roe, Priest and Mont oftlu Order of St. Benedict, jo/uj iOcewise suffered death for the Catholic faith.

V. Edward EDWARD StRANCHAM was a native of Oxford-

Stnjn|hani. g],;,.;, ^^j ^ graduate of St. John's College in the

iSSfii. University. On his conversion to the Catholic

f'Faith, he entered the English Seminary then at Rhcims, and

was promoted to Holy Orders. In the year 1 58 1 he was sent

on the English Mission, where he was distinguished for his

personal piety, as well as his zeal and the success of his

labours. After a service of about five years, he wa.i arrested

and condemned for receiving Orders in the Catholic Church,

and his martyrdom was accompanied with all the horrors of

the usual sentence for high treason.

V. Nicbolu At the same place and on the same day with U^eeler, ^d^.^fd Strancham, another missionaiy priest

ijto sacrificed his life for the Faith. Nicholas Whekler, who wa.s also known by the names of Woodfen and De^-creux, was a native of Leominster in Herefordshire. He studied for the priesthood at Douay, and having received priest's Orders, was sent on the M ission together with Edward Strancham, who was the companion of his martyrdom. On his first arrival in London he suffered from extreme poverty, but by the help of a. friend he was enabled to take chambers in Fleet Street, and had thus an opportunity of offering his ministration to the members of the Inns of Court. Wheeler gained their goodwill by his afTablc and courteous manner, and was much beloved by them, going about among them habited in their gmvn. The pursuivants, however, were in search of him, and he had more than one wonderful escape. At length he fell into their hands, and, after the usual trial, was barbarously executed.

30 MENOLOGY. [JAN. 31.

V. ThomM It was also at Tybum, but in the year 1641, Gree^M-i under Charles I., that the venerable servant of ,(j^ God, Thomas Green, commonly called Reynolds, priest, suffered death for the profession of the Catholic Faith. In his early youth Thomas Green was sent to the English College at Rheims, for the bene6t of a Catholic education, and from thence passed to Seville, where he was ordained priest, and in due time sent on the Mission. In England he was exposed to many perils, and was one of the 47 priests who were banished in the year 1606 ; but he soon found means to return to his labours, and, as we are told, "preached virtue and godliness no less by his example than by his words". In 1628 he was again apprehended and con- demned to death, and though reprieved, at the intercession of Queen Henrietta Maria, was still left in prison. The holy Confessor was thus held in confinement during fourteen years, and until he had attained the age of eighty, when, to satisfy the clamour of the Puritan faction, without the form of a new trial, he was executed at Tyburn on his former sentence. Many edifying circumstances attended his precious death. He prayed especially for courage, and his petition was fully granted. In the morning he celebrated the Holy Sacrifice, and then cheerfully gave himself up to the officers. The companion of his martyrdom was F. Roe, O.S.B., and when they appeared together both Protestants and Catholics were moved to tears, the Catholics following them and kissing their hands in trjken of veneration, Thomas Green was allowed to address the people, and after his speech the Martyrs embraced one another, recited the Miserere, saluted the crowd with signs of joy, and thus passed to their everlasting reward.

V. B«itholo- The Venerable IJARTHOLOMEW ROE, who

"g^ g^' suffered in company with Thomas Green and for

A.D. the same holy cause, was a priest and monk of

ifi^- t^c ^^W Order of St. Benedict. He was brought

up a Protestant and educated at Cambridge, but

was gained to the Faith by the simple ailments of a poor

mechanic, a recusant, whom he visited in prison in the hope

JAN. 22.]

MENOLOGY.

a

of perverting him to Protestantism. Being reconciled to the

Church, Bartholomew Roe went first to the College at Douay,

and thence to the Abbey of Dieulwart, where he received the

monastic habit, and was prore33cd, by the name of F. Alban.

After his ordination he was sent on the English Mission,

where he laboured with courage and succes-S, until he was

' arrested and banished. The zeal of F. Roe soon brought

him back to England, but after two years he was again

thrown into prison, and left there for seventeen years. During

this interval he suffered much from sickness and hardship,

though part of the time he was allowed to go out, and found

means to exercise his ministry. At the beginning of the

persecuting padiament he was tried and condemned, but

expressly offered his life, if he ^vould conform tt> the religion

of the State. He suffered with great joy. in company with

Thomas Green, and they had the consolation of assisting one

another by their sacred ministry.

SuLawdog. Cat. gtt.

HiiU. Kridcwatei's Conccrtaiio, f .

204. Rishlon [appended to Sandsr itc

SchiKmatc). Slowe (calls Strnncham Barlicf). Douay DUrkcs.

Ch^lonci's MiMignuy PricBlti vols.

i. and ii. Arehiv, Weniinon.. Iv., p. 67 (Ww-

(ord's Relation); iiL,p.237; xxx.,

p. 133. Arehiv. Wesiinion., Chkinpney'ii

Annalf. pp, S-31. ChlfRet'i P«lma Cicri Angl.. cap. ». 61E) Douay Diary, co>i> 1642 (MS.

in Atchiv. We«t.).

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

/it Glastonburj', the festival of St. Bkithwold, Confessor and Bishop of Wtlton or Ramstmry, who deparUti this life in the reign of King Edxtstrd the Confessor. — At T)*burn, the passion of the Veturahlr W11.LIAM Patrnson, Martyr.oHeoftht sgnvtKts of God vhotc cause has been admitted by the Holy 5«.

St BriUi- ■ BrITHWOLD was a monk of Glastonbury, and

BpTcoiif '" **"^ reign of Ethelrcd II. was promoted to the

AD. See of Wilton, as the eiglvth Bishop. He had

a long episcopate during most eventful times,

and went to his heavenly reward in the reign of St. Edward

32 MENOLOGY. [JAN. 32.

the Confessor. He was especially distinguished by the spirit of prophecy, with which God endowed him. On one occasion. while Canute the Dane was King, Brithwold was deploring the threatened extinction of the race of our native princes, when St Peter appeared to him, holding by the hand the youthful Saint Edward and consecrating him King. The Apostle also foretold the purity of his life and the length of his reign ; but when Brithwold ventured to ask what would be the future lot of the kingdom, the only answer he obtained was this ; " The kingdom of the English is God's ; He will pro- vide a ruler according to His good pleasure ". St Brithwold died in the year 1045, having lived to see St Edward estab- lished on the throne, and was buried in his own Abbey of Glastonbury, to which he had been a great benefactor, as well as to that of Malmesbury, which lay within his own diocese.

V. winkm William Patenson was bom in the bishop- iJ^SIt''* ""ic of Durham, and educated for the priesthood in A.D. the English College at Rheims. After his educa- tion he was sent to England in the year 1 589 ; but the period of his labours was short, as he soon fell into the hands of the persecutors, and was sentenced to death on account of his priestly character. He was thrown into the condemned hole <#ith seven criminals who were to suffer with him the next day, and so great was his zeal that he spent the night in labouring for their conversion. In the morning the holy man had the consolation of reconciling six of the number to God and His Church ; and so sincere was their conversion, that they boldly professed their faith, and accepted death with signs of genuine contrition for their crimes. By this good deed the Martyr further provoked the indignation of his persecutors, by whose orders he was immediately cut down from the gallows and butchered while he was alive and in his perfect senses.

St. Brithwold. W. Patenson.

Ltg. W. I and 2 (Commem. depos.) ; Challoner'a Mission. Priests, vol. i.

Chal. Douay Diaries.

Hhl. Malmesb. Pont., ii., $ 83. Archiv. WcBtnion., iv., p. 294 (from Sim. Dunelin.,A.D. 1045 (Tnysd.Col., Green's Collection).

180). Archiv. Westmon., Chunpney'i

Annals, p. 891.

JAN. 23.] MENOLOGY.

THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY.

33

Ai Llancarvon, in Glatttof^gaHs/iirt, t/tc festival of St. Cadoc Abboi.

St Cadoc, Abbot, A.O. 490C

St. Cadoc, otherwise called Docus, was the son of St. Gund!eus, King of Glamorgan, by Gladys, daughter of Brechan. Gundleus had quitted his throne to lead a life of solitude and penance, and his example was followed by his pious son. Cadoc was the founder and Abbot of the celebrated Monastery of Llan- carvon, which, under his care, soon became a school of ■ctity and learning, and numbered amongst its teachers Gildas the elder, or Albanian, and amongst its disciples St. iltut. St Cadoc was unwearied in the exercise of works of charity, and so inexhaustible was the profusion of hts alms, that hundreds of poor men and women were daily maintaincsd at bis expense. But the Saint longed for solitude and free- dom from temporal cares, as well as to rid himself of the honours which he could not escape in his own country, and fled, like so many of his contemporaries, to Brittany, and took up his abode in one of the islands off the coast of the dioeese of Vannes, accompanied by St, Gildas. Even in this retire- ment the miraculous favours he received from God betrayed the humility of St Cadoc. and made him an object of venera- tion to all the people around. This chosen spot, howe\'er, was not to be the place of his Rnal rest, and the incursions of pirates obliged him to return to his native land, where he gave up his soul to his Creator and Redeemer, leaving to Brittany the sweet odour of his sanctity, where he is still honoured in the diocese of Vannes on the 2ist of September,

r Tt U doubtful whether St. Cadoc iit ri)[blly called a Bishop oi > Marcyi. Some accounts lay ihat he had icccii-od cplscoiiaJ coniecniion from St. GcrifULn lit the lime of hit second miMion, and Itiai alter his lelum ftoni BtitLany he v/tx. pUced as Biithop at Bcnnavcita, ot Wcedon. tn Northampton. ihirc, where he suifcicd roaiijTdom at the handH of the pagan EnjjlUh, in the course or ihcir conquest. This Bppcar<i to be the wuite uf the tradition that he w«ni to Dencv'cnio, in Italy, and vas made Bishop, taking the name of Sophias. Oihct >ccoumi. howcvu. take no notice of thenc euppoKd latter events of hiH life.

3

34 MENOLOGY. [JAN. JM.

Cats. 21, 51, ga. fi)l. 5a(; WhitC Su-i W. i and a;

Uarli. M, Q. Chal. (on a4th).

Leg, Tinm., fbl. 396 ; Capgr. (burnt, Hitt. Lobineau, Saints de BreUgne,

but mentioned in Cat.); Nov. Leg., vol. i., p. 61,

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY.

Ai Tyburn, the passion of the venerable servants of God, William Ireland, Priest of the Society of Jesus; and JOHN Grove, Layman, ivJw suffered martyrdom under the false charges of Oates' plot.

V. William WiLLlAM IRELAND, a!so fcnown by the name ''^'mju^'"'" °^ Ironmonger, was a native of Lincolnshire, and A.D. connected with the families of Gifford and Pendrell, ^^^ who had been mainly instrumental in preserving the King's life about the time of the battle of Worcester. He was educated at Sl Omers, and entered the Society in the year 1655. It was not until twelve years later that he was sent on the Mission, and then the time allotted to his work was but brief. He was one of those arrested on the Brst outbreak of Oates' plot, and subjected to great hardships in prison. The charges brought against him at his trial were most wild and extravagant ; but the oaths of Oates and Bedloe secured his conviction, and he was condemned to death with several others. King Charles II, twice granted a reprieve, but had not courage to resist the fury of his enemies, and at length allowed him to be led to execution. The Martyr was per- mitted to speak to the people, and clearly proved that he was free from any just suspicion of treason. He pardoned his enemies and prayed for them, and so gave up his soul to God.

V.TohnGrore, The Venerable JOHN Grove was a pious lay-

mSw* "i3.n, employed by the Jesuits in managing their

A-D. affairs in London and the neighbourhood. He

*■ was arrested with F. Ireland and condemned with

him on the perjured evidence of Titus Oates. They were

imprisoned together at Newgate, and from thence drawn to

Tyburn for execution. On their way they were insulted and

N

JAN. 36-1

MENOLOGY.

pelted b/ the mob, but bore these outrages with perfect patience. After F. Ireland had ended his speech, John Grove simply added these words: "Wc are iniKJCent ; wc lose our lives wrongfully ; wc pray God to forgive Ihera that are the causers of it". He then commended his soul to God, artd submitted to his cruel sentence.

ChAll»nci'8 SJi*eionatyPrictU,vol.u,

THE TWENTY- FIFTH DAY.

in tht provina of East Anglia, tht eomttutncralioti of St. Sigebert, King and Martyr.

St Sieebott. St. Sigebert (first of that name). King of the •^^g"*-' East Angles, during the reign of Redwald. lived ^35- an exile in Gaul. He there received baptism and became most zealous for the Christian Faith. On the death of his brother Eorpwald he returned to take posses- sion of the kingdom. He is said to have been a most Chris- tian and Jcamcd prince, and made it his chief business to brir^ his subjects to the Faith of Christ. In this he was assistetl by St. Felix, who with his sanction established his episcopal See at Dunwich. Together they instituted a school for the instruction of youth, after the manner of that founded in Canterbury. Another helper in his great work was St. Funwy, a native of Ireland, whom the King settled in a monastery at Burghcastle, in Suffolk. Having thus laboured for the welfare of his people, St. Sigebert resolved to end his days in the quiet of the religious life, and received the tonsure in a mona.'itciy which he himself had founded, resigning the kingdom to his kinsman Ecgric After he had enjoyed this repose for a length of time, East Anglia was invaded by Pcnda, the paj^an King of Mcrcia. Ecgric, finding himself unable to meet him with his very inferior force, joined with his subjects in entreating St. Sigebert to show himself on the field of battle, that the troops might be encouraged, by the sight of tlicir ^vetl- remembered and most brave prince. The Saint felt himself obliged to consent, but refused the use

36 MENOLOGY. [JAN. Taa

of all weapons of war, and carried only a staff in hts hand, as most suitable to the peaceful life he had adopted. The battle ended in the triumph of the fierce pagan, and Ecgric, as well as bis holy predecessor St Sigebert, perished on the field.

Ltg. Whitf. Add. (i6 Jan); W. i and Hiit.'Bci3^a.,c.iy, !II.,c.iS; BriUn. 3 (37 Sep. com.}; Chal. (26 Sep.). Sacr„p.i6i.

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

At the Abbey of Barking, in Essex, the fiofy memory of St. Theorigitha, or TORCTGYD, Virgin, Religious at the same Monastery.

St TIko- This Saint was the faithful companion and assist- A^ ' *"* '^^ ^^ Ethelburga in the government of the 700 c. house, over which her brother, SL Erconwald, had appointed her Superior. St, -TheoriGITHA was made mistress of the novices, and was indefatigable in teaching and correcting them, and training them in the observances of r^;ular discipline. Many years she served God in great humility and sincerity of heart ; but her virtue was to be made perfect by suffering, and for nine long years she bore a most painful and wasting malady. When St Ethelbur^ was about to be taken from them, St. Theorigitha had a remarkable vision, preparing her for the loss she was to suffer, and consoling her with the knowledge of the reward in store for her beloved mother. Three years later, when her own time was approaching, she was favoured with a visit from the same Ethelburga, who came to announce the time of her death. The two Saints conversed together awhile, and the answers of Theorigitha were heard by all present " With whom were you talking ? " they asked, and the reply was, "With my dearest mother, Ethelburga". Her last words had been, "Let not more than the next night intervene". So it was, after a day and a night, the Saint was released from her sufferings and entered the life of perfect joy.

Ltg. W. I, a (a6 or 23 ;»n.)i Chal. Hitl. Beda, iv., c.g; BoU. (give thia (16 Jan.). ^y from yenaiiui).

JAN. 27.]

MENOLOGY.

37

THE TWXNTY-SEVENTH DAY.

At Coldtngham, in tite Marcius of Stotiand, the pious memory cf the keiy Monk Adamnan.

Adunnu. Adamnan, an Irishman by birth, was a monk ^''J^'""' of the great Abbey of Coldlngham, in the kingdom 6MC, of Northumbria. situated a little north of Berwick- ** "'■ on-Tweed. The foundress of this monastery was St. Ebba the elder, sister of the Kings St. Oswald and Oswy, and she was still living in the time of Adamnan. This serv-ant of God was known for his yrcat devotion and the excessive austerity of his life. Tt was his custom to taste food only twice in the week, and often to spend the whole night in psalmody and prayer. These practices he had begun in his early youth, as a penance for some ^cvous sin. into which he had fallen. They had been imposed by his Confessor, to last only for a time, until he should sec him again. But the Confessor went abroatl and died in Ireland, and Adamnan continued, from the motive of divine cha'rity, those exercises which he had benun from fear and contrition. On one occa- sion Adamnan had a rcinarkable vision, while he was spend- ing the night in prayer, A heavenly messenger made known to him lliiit God vv;i.s grcilly disple.-i.tcd with the religious sisterhood, for their neglect of prayer, for turning their cells into places of feasting and idle conversation, for spending their time in making garments more fitted for worldly show than to be worn by the iipouses of Christ, and for their general tepidity. St. Ebba heard of this, and, though assured that the destruction of the house would not happen in her time, called upon her community to do penance and amend their ways. For a time there was a marked improvement j but when their holy foundress was taken from them, they soon relapsed into their former state, and the prophecy of Adamnan was ful- filled, and the whole monastery destroyed by fire in the year 6y^ Wc have no record of the later years of St. Adamnan, nor is the day of his deposition known, though

38 MENOLOGY. [JAN. sa

in the later martyrologies he is commemorated on the 31st of January.

Ltg. W. 1, 3 C31 J<ut> and 16 Harcb); Hitt. fieda, iv., e. 35. Chal. (aS Jan.).

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

At the Cistercian Abbey of Vaucelles, near Cambray, the deposition of the Blessed Richard, Abbot, Confessor.

St Hichanl, This holy man, according to the Chronicles of *J^q'' the Abbey, was "by nation an Englishman, mature ii^c in virtuous habits, eminent for his discretion, cheerful in countenance, affable in conversation, of noble stature, temperate in all things, and in eveiy respect com- mendable ". He succeeded St. Radulphus as Abbot, and was buried by his side. The two bodies were afterwards raised together, and translated with honour; and both the Saints became renowned for their miracles.

Other Two other Saints of the Cistercian Order, of

*™*"^ the name of Richard, in some later martyrologies, are said to be English, but perhaps on no sufficient authority'. St. Richard, called the Sacrist, was a monk of the Abbey of Dundrennan, in Kirkcudbrightshire, and is mentioned by the annalist, Mannquez, without any indication of his place of birth. The Teutonic name favours the supposition that he was English, and as the Abbey was founded by St David, the King, A.D. 1 142, it is very probable that he introduced a colony from Rievaulx ; but these conjectures do not amount to proof. The other is Richard, Abbot of Aldnest, near Groningen, in Friesland, who is possibly confounded with the other two, as it does not seem that there is any ground for supposing him to be English.

Ldand {dt Scrip., p. 194) supposes Richard the Sacrist and Richyd of Atditrth to be the same person, and ui Englishman.

Leg. Henriquez, Mart. Cist. [28 Jan. Hist. Mannquez, Ann. Cister., A.D. and 30 Dec.) ; W. 2. (11 July). 1142 (vol. i., p. 437 -, \cA. iL, ppu

ig>i 379) • Inland, Script, jw r*

JAN. 39] MENOLOGY.

THE TWENTY-NINTH DAY.

39

At the Abbey of Rhuy-s, in Brittany, tht deposition of ST. GiLDAS th£ younger, Abbot, Confessor.^ At Glastonbury, ilte cammtmoratien of St. Gildas l/u eldtr. zukost relics aviv there presirved, though the day of his festival is not known.

SI GUu the St. GlLDAS the younger was also called GlL* ^^^^_ DAS THE Wise and Badonicus, from the year of

A-D. his birth, which, as he himself recorded, was that ^f^^ of the great victory gained by the Britons o\'er Uie English invaders at B.ith. The father of Glldas was a. British lord, who entrusted his son to the care of St. Iltut ; and in his holy house the youth was educated In company with St Samson, St, Paul of L^on, and other great servants of God. In the course of time Gildas went to Ireland to complete his studies, and learn the ways of Christian per- fection, according to the tradition of St. Patrick- When ordained priest, unless he is confused with his namesake Glldas the elder, ho went to Scotland, and preached with succeii-s to the pagans of that nation, and aftcnvards returned to Ireland. He was still young, when he undertook the pilgrimage to Rome, and finally, to satisfy his craving for holy solitude, took up hi.i abode in the Isle of ]^ouat, on the coast of Brittany. There he spent his time in prayer and study, and the practice of those extraordinary austerities, for which his whole life was remarkable. At length his retreat was discovered, and he was induced to pass over to the mainland and establish a monastery at Rhuys, to which place his learning, his virtues, and hi.s continual miracles attracted not only the people of the neighbourhood, but many from beyond the sea. It was then that he wrote his works, which are still preserved, on the niin of Uritain and the judgments of God on the sins of the princes and clergy. Though the residence of Gildas was at Rhuys, he did not altogether abandon his beloved solitude of Houat, and he was there, at a very advanced age, when an angel came to announce that the hour of hi.s passage to a better life was at He assembled such of his religions as could be

40 . MENOLOGY. [JAN. SO.

brought together, and having caused himself to be carried to the Oratory, received the Holy Viaticum, and took a tender farewell of his beloved disciples, and immediately gave up his soul to God. The relics of St Gildas were carried to his Abbey of Rhuys, and in that church, it is said, a considerable portion is still preserved ; but in the course of time they were subjected to various translations and partitions, to satisfy the general devotion of which he was the object. Several abbe}rs and churches in Brittany and elsewhere are dedicated to St. Gildas, and his festival is observed in the calendars of various dioceses.

St Gildaa the The festival of the elder St. Gildas, called

^^^j^' also the Albanian, is not known ; but his relics

512 c were held in veneration in the Abbey Church of

" *''' Glastonbury, so rich in sacred treasures. It is

difficult to separate the acts of this Saint from those of his

namesake, Gildas the Wise ; but it appears that he was the

companion of St Cadoc, and a teacher in his Monastery of

Llancarvon. In quest of perfect solitude, both St Cadoc

and St. Gildas retired from Llancarvon to certain desert

islands on the coast, and there remained till driven out hy

pirates from the North. From the tradition of Glastonbury,

it appears that St Gildas found his way to that celebrated

Abbey, and there^ended his days in peace.

Call. 47, 62, 69. Hist. Mab., Acta SS. Bened., vol. u, p.

Marls, (on 27) M, Qi (on ag) 129.

N, P, Q. Lobineau, Saints de Bietagne, L, p.

Leg. Tinm., fol. jii; Capgi., fol. J^i-

114J1; Nov. Leg., fol. is&t. Malmeeb. DeAntiq.Glast. (GaIe,it.,p■ Whitf. Sar.i W. I and 2; Chal. 296).

Fordun (Gale, il, p. 634)-

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

Ai the Abbey of Chelles, in France, the deposition of St. Bathildes, Queen.

JAN. 30.]

MEMOLOGY.

4>

St. Bathiides, Bathildes, according to the general opinktn, A^d!' ^^^ "■ "^*'™ *^f England, and was carried off under Uto. circumstances not known, and sold as a slave In France. Her humility and other virtues were conspicuous in that state, and the nobleman, whose ttervant she was, would have married her on the death of his wife, had she not per- sistently refused that honour. Some time afterwards, how- ever, she was espoused to Clovis II.. King of the Franks, by whom she had three sons, u-ho all came to the throne in succession. On the death of her husband, she became regent for her eldest son, and ruled the kingdom with great benefit both to the Church and State. She founded several religious houses for men and women ; and, with a view of her own retirement, established the Abbey of Chelies, near Paris, putting the community there settled under the direction and government of St. Bcrlila. As soon as it was possible, she withdrew from the cares of the world, and devoted herself to the service of God in this house, practising every virtue and making herself the servant of all. She bore her last long sickness with admirable patience and piety; and having received the holy Sacraments, signed herself with the cross, and, raising her e)'C3 to heaven, gave up her soul to God. Many years later her body was translated and found entire, and her sanctity proved by many miracles. Her relics are still preserved at the parish church at Chcllc>, having been saved from the violence of the Revolution by the demotion of thepeoplei

St. B«de, Wnil. of Malmeib.. and oUuft chafs« Uiis holy Qoecn wiUi the end douh of Ddfiniu. ftldiop of L)X)n>, »nd ih« patron oT St. Wilfrid. There it oin-ioutly (ORK cncn in thii Mcouat. u thefc wu no DclAnutt, Bisbofi of Lyoiu ; Uii aboui thai iii»c St. AiuicmundBi. Bi>bop of Lyon*, wa* put to dekth by Etnin. the Majw of the -Palacc in alt obabitily wiUioui the c«n>ent ot know- ledse of Ibe Queen.

Ca/i. 1.1.4. J, 8. II. 15. 18,6a. Ug. Whitl Sii.; W. s (on a«ti

M»nt. Rom. 1 (oa ift) E, I [ (on Clial. {on 17).

tS) K. L. H. N. O. P. Q, R. fiisl- Mab. (Act. SS. Bcned., nto. ii;

f. 74) : C«atcin|i. ItGe).

43 MENOLOGY. [JAN. 31.

THE THIRTY-FIRST DAY.

In Wales, tfu festival of St. Melangelu — At Ferns, «r Tretand, the deposition of St. Maedoc, Bishop, Confessor. — At Holdemess, on the north bank of tht Number, the commemora- tion of St. Wilgis, Monk, Confessor.

St Hudoc, Maedoc, who is also called Amus or Aidan, ^"ji^^"^'' and in English Hugh, belonged to an illustrous ^c family in Ireland. He was granted to the prayeis of his parents, who had lived for a length of time without children. The early piety of Maedoc attracted attention, and even then a number of youths desired to place themselves under his guidance. To escape those tokens of respect, he fled from his own country and took refuge with St David at his monastery in Wales. In that retreat he was trained in the practices of the religious life, and gave evidence of his sanctity by various miracles, which he performed. With the blessing of his holy master he returned to Ireland, founded several religious houses, and was consecrated Bishop of Ferns. It was in his episcopal See that he gave up his soul to God.

St vnigia. This servant of God was the father of the ^■' illustrious St. WilHbrord, the Apostle of Friesland Tooe. and Archbishop of Utrecht WlLGlS, with his whole family, led a most religious life in the world, until, feeling himself called to a higher state, he retired to a promontory on the banks of the Humber. There he lived for a length of time as a hermit, at a small chapel dedicated to St Andrew, serving God with fastings, prayers, and vigils. Soon he received the grace of miracles, and became so well known that the King and others joined in endowing his cell with certain lands, and furnished him with the means of building a church, which he dedicated to our Blessed Lady. A small community then gathered around him, and the Saint presided over them until his happy passage to a better life. His body was buried in the church, and was regarded with the veneration due to a Saint by succeeding generations. Neither the day nor the year of his deposition is known, but

JAN. 31.]

MENOLOGY.

43

it is said that he was honoured at Echternach on the 31st of January. Alcuin, who has written a notice of his life, tells us that he himself was at one time Prior of the monastery founded by St Wilgis, and bears witness to the continued devotion of the people.

St. Melangdl. St. Wilgis.

CaLgi. Ltg. w. I (5 Mwch); W. 3 {31

St. Maedoc. Jan.); Chal. (it Nov.).

Cal, Modem Irish (31 Jan.). Hiit. Alcuin ; Lift of St. Willibiord L«f. Tinm., fol. 144a; CapgT., fi)l. a6; and Versei on Wilgis (Migne's

Whitf. Add. (28 Feb.) ; W. a ; Patrol. Lat., vol. ci., pp. 694. 73«)- Chal. Hiil. Lanigan, ii., p. 332.

FEBBTJABY.

THE FIRST DAY.

At Tyburn, the passion of HENRY MORSE, Priest of the Society of Jesus, wlto suffered fttartyrdom for the Catholic Faith, during tJu civil wars in tlu time of King Charles I. — Also the koly memory of JOHN GOODMAN, wfia, some time in the year 164.5, died in the prison of Newgate, under sentence of death, in the cause of religion.

V. Henty HENRY MoRSE was educated as a Protestant,

^^''^Irt '■^'' **"* while studying law at the Inns of Court began A.D.' to give his attention to the subject of religion, '^* and became convinced of the truth of the Catholic Faith. Upon this, he crossed over to Douay, and was there received into the Church, remaining for some time as a student in the English College. From thence he went to Rome, and there completed his course. In due time, being ordained priest, Henry Morse was sent on the English Mission, but was arrested at Newcastle almost immediately on his landing. During his imprisonment, which lasted for three years, he was received into the Society of Jesus, and afterwards banished. As soon as possible he returned to England, and was greatly distinguished for his extraordinary zeal. During the plague of 1636-7, he took charge of no fewer than 400 infected families, and was the means of reconciling many to the Church. After this he was again banished, and once more returned to labour, until his merits were crowned with a glorious martyrdom. Various miradea

7HB. 1.]

MENOLOGY.

45

are credibly reported to have taken place at Kis intercession ; and such relics as could be obtained were carried to Paris, and authenticated with the reverence due to a Martyr.

Joba Good- It was some ttmc in the course of the year j^^ 1645 that John Goodman, an eminent Confessor Ho Daj. of the FaiUi, died in the common side of the prison of Newgate This holy man was a native of Bangor. in North Wales, was educated at Oxford, and ordained as a Protestant minister. Having become convinced of the errors of his sect, he went abroad, and was received into the Church at Paris. He then "became a student of Douay College, and after a time went to St. Omcrs to begin his noviccsbip with the Jesuits ; but as it did not appear that his vocation was lo that state of life, he was tinally ordained as a secular priest and ^nt on the Mission. In the course of his ministry he w&s twice apprehended and twice reiea.'sed ; but on his third arrest, in the year 1640, he was tried and condemned. At this time the Parliament had begun to remonstrate with Charles I. for his supposed clemency towards his Catholic subjects, in consequence of which, he thought fit to send them a message respecting Goodman, to the effect that as the charge against him was ^oUly on account of his religion, it was his desire that he should be imprisoned for life or banbhcd. but not put to death. In the conference between the Lords and Commons this answer was not deemed satisfactory, and the King was urged to let the law be carried ouL Charles weakly yielded, so far as to say that he would leave the matter in the hands of the Parliament. Meanwhile the holy Confessor, with a heroic spirit of self-sacrifice, wrote to the King, imploring him that he might be no obstacle to a reconciliation between his Majesty and his people, and protesting that he willingly would lay down his life, if it might be the means of renewing a good understanding bet\veen them. This letter or petition was transmitted to the Parliament, and seems to have produced some effect, as the sentence was not carried out, though the pious Confessor

46 MENOLOGY. [FHR 3.

was left to languish among the common felons in Newgate until his holy death in 1645.

Chilloner's Missionary Priests, vol. il Foley's Records (for Morse), seriet L.

p. 566-

THE SECOND DAY.

Ai Canterbury, the deposition of ST. Lawrence, the second Archbishop, Confessor. — At Wurzburg, in Bavaria, the deposi- tion of St. Burchard, Confessor, the frst Bish<^ of that place, and one of tlie cotnpanions of St. Boniface, in the evan- gelisation of Germany.

St. L*w- St. Lawrence, a monk of St Andrew's on the BoTcont ^^'''^" '" Rome, was one of the original companions A-D. of St. Augustine on his Mission to the English. **•■ After the baptism of the King of Kent, and the successful Beginnings of the great work, he was sent to St Gregory to ask for instructions and help in the evangelization of the country. St. Augustine entrusted to him a long letter to the Pope, in which he submitted to him many questions as to the treatment of the new converts, and prayed that he might return with more labourers, for the abundant harvest before them. St Gregory gladly satisfied those demands, and sent moreover a number of sacred relics, vestments, and church furniture, certain books, and also the archiepiscopal pall for the first Archbishop of Canterbury. Shortly before his death, St Augustine consecrated St Lawrence to be his successor in the See, lest any delay in the appointment should be injurious to the newly-founded church. Having thus become second Archbishop of Canterbury, the Saint devoted himself to the spread of the Gospel in England among the English, and also by his letters exerted himself to bring the Welsh and Irish Bishops to conformity with the universal Church in the observance of Easter and other points of disci- pline. The death of St. Ethelbert brought a sad reverse on the interests of religion, as Eadbald, his son and successor, remained a pagan, and showed plain signs of hostility to the

FEB. a]

MENOLOGY.

«r

GospcL A like calamity had befallen the kingdom of Essex, a.n<J things had taken so ill a turn, that the Uishops of London and Rochester, after conferring with SL Lawrence, had actually left the island and retirtid to France. Our Saint was about to follow them, but before abandoning his unprotected flock, he resolved to spend a night in prayer, in the church of the Monastciy of St. Peter and St I*auL After his pro* longed devotions and many tears, he lay down to take a little rest, but was soon aroused by a vision of the blessed Apostle St Peter, who came to reproach him for the thought of forsaking the sheep which he had committf:d to his care ; and in token of his displeasure severely scourged him, and left him bruised and with his garments lorn. In the morning he was seen in this condition by King Ead- biild, ^vho indignantly asked who had darc<l to treat the liishop in this way. When St. Lawrence rcliiled what had happened to him, the account, through the grace of God, made such an impression on the King as led to his conversion, his baptism, and the complete reformation of his life. The exiled Bishops were recalled to England, and the Christian religion again prospered in the kingdom of Kent At length St. Lawrence, full of yood works, was called to his everlasting re%vaid, and his reinuina were laid by the side of his great father and predecessor in the church uf the Monastery of St Peter and St. Paul, In the modem English Calendar, the

E festival of St Lawrence is kept to-morrow. St Bufdiard, BURCHAKD was an Englishman by birth. Jld'^ ' *^'* ^^'>' 'if"^ was remarkable for Its singular 75I- purity and ardent piety ; and so great was hts fear of the world, that, to cut off all connection with the society of his kindred and friends, he took refuge in a volun- tary exile in Gaul. While there he heard of the great works of St Boniface In Germany, and, desirous of conversing with so eminent a servant of God, went to visit him at the seat of his labours, it is said that as soon as St Boniface beheld our Saint, enlightened by divine inspiration, he foresaw the designs of God on his behalf, and proclaimed that the

48 MENOLOGY. [PBB. 3.

stranger was the man intended to gather the flock which St. Kilian, the Martyr, had begun to collect at WUrzburg. Burchard was compelled to submit to the obedience imposed upon him, and St Boniface, in the exercise of his legatine authority, erected the See of WUrzburg and consecrated Burchard as its first Bishop, the confirmation of both which acts was afterwards granted by Pope Zachary. The Saint fulfilled in perfection the duties of a vigilant pastor, directing himself in his difficulties by the advice of St Boniface, and his zeal and charity were rewarded by the acquisition of multitudes of souls, and the devoted affection of his people. He had a singular devotion towards St Kilian, who had watered that land with his blood, and translated his relics with great honour. When he knew that the end of his earthly course was approaching, he was careful to provide a worthy successor to take charge of his people, and retired with a few companions to Hohenburg, where he calmly awaited the coming of his Lord. Having received the last Sacraments, on the 2nd of February, he breathed his last with sentiments of confidence and holy joy. He was buried at WUrzbui^, near St. Kilian ; and at a later period, about the year 972, on the 14th October, his relics were solemnly trans- lated by Hugh, Bishop of Wiirzburg — a ceremony in those days equivalent to canonization, for which he had obtained the express sanction of Pope Benedict VI.

St. Lawrence. St. Burchsml.

Call. 36, 48. Marl. Rom. (14 Oct.).

Uarii. Rom., L, M, N, P (on 2). Ltg. W. i, a (a Feb. and 14 Oct.) ;

L*g. Timn., fol, 356; Capgr., fol. Chal. (14 Oct.).

178a; Nov. Leg., fol. 1176; White Hiil. Mabill., AcU SS. Bened. (ui.

Sar. ; W. I, 3 ; Cbal. uec., patE. i, p. 645). Hill. Beda, i., ii.

THE THIRD DAY.

/» /A« modern English Calendar, tke festival of St. Lawrence, Bishop, Confessor, whose deposition was yesterday. — At Hanbury, in Staffordshire, the deposition of St. Wer- BURG, Virgin and Abbess. — Also the memory of ^ kofy

PHB. 3.]

MENOLOGY.

«

tc/rfbiit VVerbuRC, sometinu Qiuen of Afenta. anJ ti/terwards j'li^js.—Ai Tyhurn, t/t£ paJsioM ff/ f/ie aV«tf</JonN NelsOK, Priest, who suffered martyrdom under EUsabttk for refusing the oath oftJie royal SHpranaey.

St. WwbnrK, VVerburg was the daughter of Wulfhere of "t f^^'^ Mercia and St. Ermintlda, and from her early 69{i. years showed unmistakable signe of a vocation to the religious state She persistently refused the marriage which her father had planned for her, and found her delight in retirement and prayer. After his conversion, Wulfhere became Mti-tfied that he could no longer, with a safe con- science, oppose her desires, and with pious sentiments, though with deep natural regret, himself conducted her to Ely and placed her under the care of hrr saintly aunt Etheldreda. Under this training her prepress in perfection was rapid, and she was soon considered a mode! of the religious life. When her uncle Ethelred became King of Mercia. he induced her to undertake the go\-emment of various monasteries, which be desired to establish in his own territory. With his aid she accordingly founded one at Wcedon. in Northamptonshire, then a royal residence, and others at Trenlham and Hanbury. in Staffordshire ; and in these holy retreats she was the means of bringing up many pious virgins in the perfect ways of divine love. She was at Trentham when called to her reward by her Heavenly Spouse, but. by her own request, was buried at Manbury. Many years after her death her body was found entirely incorrupt, and there she reniainct! until the time of the Danish invasion, when it was thought neeessary to pre* serve so great a treasure from profanation by translating her relics to Chester. There an abbey was erected in her honour,

[the church of which at a later period became the See of a

[Bishop.

St Wrr- Werburg was the widow of Ceolred, the ^*^^jj^|^^' powerful King of Mercia, who died in the year

A.O. 7*3 c

716. She afterwards retired to a monaster)', of which she became the Abbess. Her life was pro- [cd ma.ny years, which she spent with such holiness, that

4

so MENOLOGY. [FTBB. 3.

the chronicler says it may well be believed that she went to live with Christ for ever. The day of her death is not known, but in a modem martyrology the 3rd of February is noted as her festival.

R j<dui Nei- John Nelson was the son of Sir N. Ne]s(»i, •""jJo*"' of Shelton near York. He was near forty years 1578- of age when his zeal for religrion led him to cross the sea to study for the priesthood at Douay College. In the year 1576 he was ordained and sent on the Mission ; but the period of his labours was brief, as he was arrested towards the close of the following year, and thrown into prison. The examination of Nelson turned mainly on the Queen's supre- macy in matters of religion, which he could in nowise admit, and accordingly he was condemned to death as guilty of treason. The holy man spent the short remainder of his life in fasting and constant prayer, from which he derived heavenly consolation and wonderful fortitude, to the admiration of all beholders. In a providential manner, he was enabled to receive the Sacraments of Penance and the Holy Eucharist from a priest who came to visit him. At his execution he publicly renewed the profession of his faith, and declared his charity towards all men. He was cut down from the gallows, while yet alive ; and as the hangman was actually plucking out his heart, his last words were : " I forgive the Queen and all the causers of my death ". This holy Martyr was one of those represented in the paintings on the walls of the ancient English Church in Rome, and consequently he was declared by Pope Leo XIII. to be entitled to the designation of

St. Werbnrg, V. Werburg, Wid.

Cab, 34, 52, 57, 66, 64, 65, 67, 95, fiiil Simeon Dundm., Reg. {TwyacL

Martt. L, R. Cot., no) ; FIoi., a.d. 781.

Leg. Tinm., fol. 31a; Capgr., fol. Nelson.

344a; Nov. Leg., fol. 399a; Whitf. /fi'if. Challoner'a Mission. Prictts.vid.

Sar. ; W. I and 2 ; Chal. 1. ; Stowe; Archiv. Westmon., iL,

Hitt. Flor., A.D. 675 ; Malmesb. Reg., pp. 65, 6g ; iv., p. 65,

i., S 76; ii., % 214. Arcfaiv. Westmon., Champney's An-

Higden (Rolls, vol. vi., p. 106) ; Ma- nals, p. 793.

bill.. Acta SS., ii. saec., p. 735.

PEB. 4.]

MENOLOGV.

M

THE FOURTH DAY.

At Giouccstcr, tht festival of St. Aldate, Conftssor. — At Huncourt, in tfu dictest of Cautifrajr, l/ie passion of St. Lie- VWKKti, Bishop ORfi Martyr. — /i^Scmpringham, mi/«rt>//M/i/w, $ki dfpMtiioM of St. GiLDERT, PHtsl ami Confessor, founder of tkt Religions Order of tht Giiberdms. — Al Durham, the martyrdom of tfte VencrabU JOHN SPEED, Xajv/wk, if/w was put to death far aiding ike Missionary Priests in the extrcist ^^Lt/uir office.

^^^» AMaU, ST.Ai,DATE,or ELDATE.wasa Kriion, who lived ^H ^LD.' ** *^^ *''"*^ °^ ''"^ invasion of the i.^lniid by the ^P 49> c English, and is called Iti^hop of Gloucester. He is said to have shown much Kcal in animating his fellow- countrymen to a defence of ihcir territorj-, but the little related of htm ts so blended with the un.^uthcntic history of the period, tlmt it is impossible to gather any certain facts. There are churches dedicated to St AMate in Gloucester and in Oxford.

![ It hu not been ucenairwd iliat ihctc was k Bishop's See at Gloucc*tu in fertttd) timen. anlen Cluvium it (ho sime pliue ; nor w»ii there in Ulcr skm, ■nii) the itmcof tbo kcKitni, when llenty VIII. placed a Bishop thcic. Gt Ltcpbart, According to the account preserved in the ^^'A-d"*" tlioccs* of Cambray, St. LiKPFtARD was a Bishop 6*oc- from Great Britain, who on his return from Rome was murdered by pagan robbers in a wood near Cambray. His relics were venerated at Hunctjurt, but were subsequently translated to St Quentin, where they were profaned and lo5t in the siege of a-D. 1557,

tn ceilMa old msiiynJocics St. LIcfihBid la called "Artbbiihopof the Eng- Ktlia'* wd ci-ca "AfChbJifaop of Cinlcibuiy," whicb it incconcUable with Uilbntic hidoiy. Kuldoti And Stubba (Councils, vol. i.. p. 38) conitidM that il it mam/tttly A confusion with St. Luidhard, Ihc Almond of Queen Beitha. who ftu a Qialiop attd rcvidcd at Cantcrbuiy, and pranounce the piln^Titna^e to Roae mm] ibe oiuHcf at Canibisy lo bo a pure fiction. Though ihs similaiity ifthanatneiitnd tbcconnccuonn-ithCaAicibuiyiieicniArkabU. »cilL thedivci- lily between ihc Iwo narrativea !> 10 cora[>i«le, u 10 mndct the tugKcnion of ikc« l«af ncd wdtar* anytliing but conclutivc Si. Lui^lhud di«<l at C*iit«(-

53 MENOLOGY. [PHB. 4.

bury, where his relics were honoured unong the sacred treuurea of the CMhe- dral ; nor is there any tradition of bit maityrdom. St. Liepbard, on the other hand, was an object of religiouB veneration in the place, when he suffered ; his tomb in the abbey church became a sacred shrine, and his relics were aftei- waids translated, as those of a Saint. Though he was certainly not Aicfabiabop of Canterbury, there is nothing improbable in the conjecture that he was a Welsh Bishop, and that he may, according to one of the legends, have accmi- panied Cadwalla, '* the last king of Britain," to Rome.

St Gilbert, GILBERT belonged to a good family in Lin- j^_' colnshire, and received a sound education. Having 1189. been ordained by the Bishop of Lincoln, he was instituted rector of the parishes of Sempringham and Tiring- ton, the patronage of which was vested in his father. He was zealous in the discharge of his pastoral duties ; but the work for which he showed a special predilection was the education of children of both sexes, in knowledge and the ways of a holy life. This led him to form an asylum for unprotected girls, which in course of time graduzilly assumed the character of a religious community, and finally developed into the Order known by his name. The fame of Gilbert's sanctity was soon spread, and many persons of both sexes were so desirous of living under his direction, that he was induced to found also an Order for men. He chose for the women the Rule of St Benedict, and that of the Canons Regular of St Austin for the men, to both of which he added certain constitutions adapted to the ends of the foundation, which received the appro- bation of B. Eugenius HI. and other Popes. The good work prospered, and at the time of his death the holy man is said to have left no fewer than 700 men and 1 500 women profess- ing his Rule in many diflerent houses. But this success was purchased with many afflictions. The institute was calumni- ated to the Pope, who deputed several Bishops to make inves- tigations and report to him. The answer of the Bishop of Norwich is still extant, and gives a most remarkable attesta- tion to the great sanctity of Gilbert and the benefits of his undertaking ; and thus the malice of his opponents was defeated. On another occasion, during the exile of St Thomas of Canterbury, the Saint was accused before King

FEB. 4.^

MENOLOGY.

S3

Henry IT. of sending supplies to relieve his pressing wants ; but was told that if he would simply deny the charge, his word would be accepted and he would be freed from all fur- ther molestation- This coniiition Gilbert would not accept ; for although in reality he had kept up no intercourse with the future MartjT, yet he entirely sympathised with his ca.usc,and would not disclaim as a crime an action which he considered to be one of great virtue. This imminent danger was averted by God's good proWdcnce, and the King, in contradiction to his u»ual violent proceedings, allowed the matter to drop in silence. The Saint lived to the extraordinary age of 106 years, notwithstanding the very austere life he had led from his youth. He never lasted flesh-meat, unless in times of sickness, his usual food being roots of the earth, and that in very small quantities. He wore a shirt of hair, and his hours of rest were very brief, the greater pari of the night being dc\'otcd lo prayer, in which he found all hia joy to consist. At the time of his death, which took place on the 4th of Fcbru- ao*. 1189. many persons saw marvellous lights from heaven, indicating that a great servant of God was quilting this world. He was buried at Sempringham, and many miracles were reported to have occurred at his tomb. In Uic year 1202. Innocent III. delegated the Archbishop of Canterbury to investitiate the truth of these marvels, and. on the fullest proof that many of them were indisputably authentic, St. Gilbert was solemnly canonized by that I'opc. In England, by appointment of Leo XIII., the festival of St. Gilbert is now observed on the nth of February.

V. John John Speed, a pious layman, was condemned

^P^f^"*" to death, on the charge of aiding and abetting '59* Catholic priests in the exercise of their ministry, having been accustomed to guide them from one Catholic houjte to another. Great efforts were made to induce him to conform to the new religion, but he treated all the offers held out to him with contempt, and died wilh the greatest con- stancy*. This faithful servant of God is one of those whaw cause was admitted by Pope Leo XHI.

54 MENOLOGY. [FBa G.

St. AltUte. St. Gilbert.

Call. 79, Si. Call, a, 17, 75, 107.

Marli. L, M. Marli. Rom., N, R.

teg.V/hitf.Sai.; Chal. (14 June). Leg. Tinm., fol. 366; Capgr., fbl. Hill. Leland, Collect., vol. 11. (iii.) 124^; Nov. Leg., fid. 156^.

{taken from Geofliey). Whitf. Sar.; W. i and 2; CbaL

Camden Britan. {p. 275, Gibson). Hiit. Boll. (i« vol. of Feb., p. 5Q.

St. Llephard.

Mart. Uiuard (addition of Molanui). Hitt. Boll. (lat vol. of Feb., p. 491). I^g. W. I and a ; Chal.

THE FIFTH DAY.

At t^ Abbey of Whitby, i&e }wly memory of St. Truh- WIN, Confessor, Bis/top of the Picts.

St. Tnunwin, Trumwin was consecrated Bishop of the Picts ^''A.D^' ^^ ^*- Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, and TOO c his residence was fixed in the Monastery of Aber- '■ corn, within the kingdom of Northumbria, though his mission lay on the other side of the Firth of Forth. Whether he was Abbot of this place before his consecration or not is not related ; nor do we know what was the success of hts episco- pate, though he was esteemed a man of most holy life. St Trumwin was present at the Synod of Twyford, at which it was agreed that the See of Lindisfarne should be pressed on the acceptance of St. Cuthbert KingEgfrid,foreseeinghowdifficuIt it would be to induce the Saint toquit his retirement, went himself to the Island of Fame, taking with him St Trumwin and other companions. It was only after many prayers and tears that St Cuthbert was persuaded to yield ; but at length they were successful, and took him back to the Synod, which was still sitting. St Trumwin returned to his own flock ; but it was not long before the disastrous war broke out between the Picts and Egfrid, in which the King was slain, and alt the English who fell into their hands were most cruelly treated 1^ the conquerors. St. Trumwin was compelled to retire, and took with him his monks, whom he placed with friends in different monasteries in England. The Saint betook himself to Whit- by with a very few companions, and there resumed his

FEB. 6, 7.]

MEKOLOGV.

55

monastic life, w-ith profit not only to his own spiritual perfec- tion, but to that of the religious community. The Abbess at that time was St. Elfleda, and her mother, St. Eanfleda, was also a member of the community, and St. Trumwin was of the greatest service to them in the Rovcrnmcnt of the house, and also as their own spiritual adviser. There he lived many years, and was buried with great honour in the Abbey Church. In the twelfth century his remains were discovered, with those of of several other Saints, and translated to a place of greater distinction.

Lig. W. I and a (lo Feb.); Choi. (15 NUL Beda. Iv., t. tt, iS, a6. InO. Malmcsb. for uuialation.

THE SIXTH DAY.

In Ireland, the deposUion of St. Mel, Bishop ami Confessor.

St. M«l, Mel was by birth a Briton, who went to

^^'p5d°^" Ireland as a fellow- labourer with St Patrick, by

^ whom he was made Bishop of Ardagh. In some

legends he is said to be one of the nephews of that great

Apostle, but there is no sufficient warrant for such a tradition.

According to an ancient calendar, St. Mel passed to his

eternal rest on the 6th of February.

Ltz. Chal. HnU Linigan's HiM., vol. i., p. 335.

THE SEVENTH DAY.

In London, tfu passion u/St. AUCULUS. Bishop and Martyr. — At Lucca, in Italy, the fislival of Si . RiCirARD. Cmftssor,an English King, and the father of savral Ulustrious Saints. — At Tyburn, the passim of tht Blessed Thomas SherwOOD. Layman, who on this day laid dozen his life in testimony of tht Catholic Faith.

St AogBlug. AucULUS is named on this day in the Roman

®^p ■ Martyrology, and in all the ancient calendars, as a

300 c. Bishop, who suffered martyrdom in London. No

Acts of his are known to exist ; but the conjecture of historians

56 MENOLOGY. [FEB. 7.

is, that he suffered in the persecution of Diocletian, about the same time as St Alban. Together with St Augulus we may commemorate other holy prelates of the early centuries, who were the fathers and founders of the British Churches, and whose names are recorded in the Book of Life. Among these, some of our later annalists have mentioned, but without apparent authority, the following prelates : —

No DajM. Thean, said to have been the first Bishop of London.

GuiTHELlN, called Archbishop of London.

Stephen, eighth Archbishop of London.

VODINUS, also said to be Archbishop, and to have suffered martyrdom at the hands of Hengist, the first Jutish conqueror of Kent, about 450.

Also the pious memory of the three British Bishops, who subscribed to the Council of Aries, A.D. 3 1 2, viz. : —

EbORIUS, of York.

Restitutus, of London.

Adelfius, of Camalodunum.

St Rich*rd, The history of St. Richard is gathered from Kin^CoDf., fragments concerning him, contained in the lives 722. of his saintly children. He is always called a king, but it is difficult to determine where his dominions lay. As St Boniface was bom in his territory, it must be pre- sumed that a part of Devonshire must be included in it > and hence the most probable supposition is that Richard was one of the under-kings among whom Wessex was divided between the reigns of Cenwalch and Ceadwalla, and that most likely he was a member of that royal family. He was always dis- tinguished for his piety, which was richly rewarded in the offspring which God bestowed upon him. He married Winna, the aunt or sister of St. Boniface, and was the father of three illustrious Saints and Missioners: St. Willibald, St Wunibald, and their sister, St Walburga. His holy purpose of retire- ment from the world, and a pilgrimage to the holy places, was first suggested by one of his sons ; and when his prepara-

FEB. 7.]

MENOLOGY.

S7

ItJons were completed, and he liad placed his young daughter I in the Monastery of Wimborne, he set out on this journey, u'hich was tn be his last, accompanied by VVillibald and , Wunibald. His religious intention n-as accepted, but he was I not permitted to reach Rome. At Lucca, he was seized with a fatal sicknetis, which soon brought him to the grave. His sons having assisted him in his last pas.sagc, and had the consolation of witnessing his holy death, buried him with honour in the Church of St Frigidian, and pursued their intended pilgrimage. Many miracles signalized the sanctity of St. Richard, and were renewed in a remarkable manner at a much later date. When the people ol* Eichstadt wished to translate his remains and lay them by those of St. Willibald, their Bishop, the people of Lucca would by no means consent to part with the treasure, and they were obliged to content themselves with carrying away a little dust from his tomb.

'ITie leiMons of ihe Sarom Bievia[>' fnak« Si, Kicbard wn of Hloihere of Kent, ftml hi* h«if, which Bccins itrtconcflable wilti whw U (aid of Si. Boni- &«, who WM botn St Crcditon.

B. Thomas TuoMAS SirEKWOot) was a native of London,

t mZi"*^' ^"•^ while yet young, in tlie year 1 576, was prcpar- A-D. jng tQ cross the sea, and enter himself as a student of Douay College While he still remained in London, to settle his afTairs and to procure means to con- tinue his studies, he was arrested through the treachery ■of the son of a pious Catholic, whose house he frequented. Itcforc the magistrate he denied the spiritual supremacy of the Queen, and on this charge was committed for trial. Sher- wood had to endure a long and very severe imprisonment, in the course of which he was cruelly racked, to compel him to declare in whose houses he had heard Mass. Nothing would shake his constancy or induce him to betray his fellow- Catholics, and in his torments he continually repeated these words : " Lord Jcsu, I am not worthy to suffer these things for Thee, and much less worthy of the rewards Thou hast promised to those who confess Thee". At length he was tied and condemned on the same charge of rejecting the

58

MENOLOGY.

[FEB. 8.

royal supremacy, and his sufferings were brought to an end by a glorious martyrdom. He was executed with the utmost cruelty, and butchered while he was yet alive.

Si. Augu)u«. Cib. ^3, sa,

Jtfo/fi. Rom.. G, A. C. K. D. K. L. H. L*g. W. I and z; Chit!.: Tlicui.

W. i; Chal.; Ouithclin, W. i;

Cha1.:Slcphcii, W. i und a; Vodine,

W. 1 and 1 1 Clml. Hui. (Theon and Stephen). Joc«lln

ofFurnesa; ^Ouithclin tuidVodinc),

Qeoffic)' of Monmouth.

Si. Richard. Martt. Kom.

/./^r.Whitf. Add; W.iandaiChiL Hitt. Boll, (i ".-ol. of Feb., p. 7a).

B. TItnmM Shensood. Hiil. Douay Dluics; Bridgvralcr. fill. 301; Arehiv, Wccimon., ii.. p. 75; Cbunpney, p> 74V.

THE EIGHTH DAY.

In \Ma\cfi,//u/gs/h'a/a/S7. KICWE. Virgin.— At Steyniog. in Sussex, the festival of ^'X. CUTllMAN. Hermit and ConfesSifr. — At tilt Castle of Fothcringay, in Nortltampionslttre, the pious memory of Marv StuaRT, Queen of Scotland, J)ozfager' Queen of France, and in tlte order of Itgiiimate succession, Qiu*n fif £>fglaMi,fn?m fie death of Mary Tudor,

St. Cnthiaan. St. Cuthman was bom at some place in the ^^■' south of England, of most pious parents, who *»c brought him up in the holy fear of God. The child fully corresponded with this care, and from the first w»s remarkable for his innocent and devout life. He had the charge of his father's flock, and took advantageof the solitude, in which they fed, to give himself up to prayer, though with- out in any w.iy neglecting his duly, or in the least failing to obey hi* parents' orders. Even then his holy life and cir- cumstances, which seemed miraculous, gained for him the veneration of his neighbours. On the death of his father, Cuthman dcvotctl himself with singular lilial piety to tlic care of his mother, and wherever he went took her with him, in a sort of carriage, which he made for the purpose. But she was growing old, and her little property was exhausted, and it was necessarj' that they should choose a fixed abode. Stcyning, in Sussex, was the place providentially jjointed out to the

PEae.]

MENOLOGY.

S9

Saint, and there he built a little cottage, to which he after- wards added a chapel. In this spot he passed the remainder of his earthly pilgrimage, until he exchanged it for a heavenly rest During his life and after death he was honoured by many miracles, and the especial veneration of the people, whom he had benefited by his holy example and instruc- tions. The i>arii;h church is dedicated to his name.

The Bollandiiit; suppose Slej-ning to be In Normandy, a mi«talc« which ttiaes ftocn ihc r«ci thii Sieyning. as well is other places, «■•» Kivcn tolhc Abbey of Fiamp by Si, Edwaid tlic Confcaioi, and lh« a ponion of the Solat't rOlcs wctc ukcn there.

Ilaiy StuAit, The Catholics of these islands and the nations ^^J^ of the Continent have ever been accustomed to re* AD. gard QUFiEN MARva&a Martyr. Though so many calumnies have been invented to blacken her repu- tation, the general conviction of the people of Scotland, so greatly opposed to her in religion, has always been favourable to her innocence. Nor cag it be denied that her fidelity to the Catholic religion was the cause of the unceasing troubles ihc endured from her own subjects, or at least the chief motive which led her cniel enemy in England to bring about her death. Mary was induced by the false promises of Elizabeth to take refuge in England, instead of retiring to her kindred in France, as she mi^ht have done ; but no sooner had she crossed the border than she fomul herself a prboner. and so remained during eighteen years. The latter part of this time she n*as confined at Fothcringay, where she was denied the privilege of Mass, and as far as possible all exercise oi her religion. At length lilizabcth ordered a mock trial, and signed the warrant for her death. It was in the hall of Kothcringay Castle that the sentence was carried out, in the presence of various members of Klizabcth's Council. Mary exhibited the greatest constancy and piety ; she protested her innocence as to the charges brought against her, declared her firm adherence to the Catholic Faith, and resigned herself completely to the holy will of God. She was buried in the Abbey Church of Peterborough, but afterward* removed by her son King James to Westminster.

MENOLOGV.

[FEB. 9.

St. Kifwe. Cttl. $1. Mart. Eicetet (ciu>d by OHvm} ?

St. Cutbiuan. Call. 43.51.51,61. Lfg. Chal.

Marl. M. (RadmanduK, prabably the Hht. Boll., vol. jv., p. 197.

Mme on the 9ih|.

Queen Maiy. Hitt. ChaHoner'a MisHionary Priwt«i Atchiv. Wc»tmon., Champmy'k An-

vol. i. n»l», p. Sjj.

Archiv. Wcfitmon.. iv„ pp. 41. 43;

Caulogucs or Malta.

THE NINTH DAY.

Af Llaiidaflr. t/ic deposition of St. TheliAV, er TeilO, Bishop and Confessor.

St Titdiau, St. Theuau belong to an illustrious familyj ^^"t^V^^" '" ^**"*'^ Wales, and was educated under the car siso of St. Dubritius of LlandafF, having as a fello< pupil Samson, afterwards the saintly Bishop of D6]c. He also studied for a time under St. TauHnus, whom St. German had left in Uritain on his return to Aiixcrrc, and there, too, he had the companionship of a young Saint, in the person of St David. In the course of time, and as it .secm.<;, after they were priests, St. Thcliau and St. David, accompanied by St Patemus, visited Jerusalem and the holy places of Palestine. On his return, St Thcliau passed through Brittany, in order to visit his friend .St Samson, and remained with him over seven years, sharing in his various apostolic labours. At length lie returned to Wales, where he was welcomed by St Dubritius, who made him Bishop of Llandaff, and resigned the See mto his hands. So great was his zeal and charity, that his flock acknowledged them to be equal to the pastoral solicitude of his great predecessor. It was especially during the visitation of the yellow pestilence that his devotion was proved ; but after a while he was warned by a heavenly vision to retire, with such of his people as would follow him. Accordingly he visited Brittany for the second time, but returned to his See as soon as circumstances permitted. He was then appointed Metropolitan in the place of St David.

FBB. 10]

MENOLOGY.

6l

deceased, and continued to execute his episcopal cha^c to the end of his days, ever growing in sanctity, and accumulat- ing merits before God. St. ThcHaU died at his Monastery of Llan-Deilo-Vawr, but fieems to have been buried at Uandaff. His memory is held in honour as well in Brittany as in Wales and England, and there ia a church dedicated to him in the diocese of Quimpcr.

CaU, ]8, 19, J 1,84. 91.

ifdrt. L. {FdlRaniit, on Ifae lotfa,

peitiaps fbi TtidKuaniw). Lif. Tinm., ki. ida; Capgr.. fol.

13&1; Nev. Leg., fell. 180A; Whilf.

Mi, : W. I and a ; Chal.

Hill, Lobineaa, Sajitti de BreUgnc.

vol. L. p. 171. Anglia Sacra, vol. u. {bom GeoSniy).

THE TENTH DAY.

1^ /I/ /A^ Abbey of Whitby, m Yorkshire, the holy tnemcry of St. C.«DM0N, Monk and Confessor, the day of whose dtpMt- tion, as wdl as of the translation of his rtlics, is unknown.

' Sl Caedmoi, C/EDMON WAS a servant on the farm of the

^ ^^ Abbey, under the great Abbess St Hilda. On

^V No Timj. festive occasions his companions were accustomed,

after their repast, to promote the common cheerfulness by

singing, and for this purpose the harp was passed round to

one after another of the assembled guests. C^dmon was

^unable to take part in this recreation, and waa wont to quit

^H^c hall when he saw that his turn was near. On one such

^^ccasion he retired to the shed of the cattle tinder his charge.

Hand there fell asleep. In 3 dream some one appeared to

stand before him and bid him sing, ahd when Cxdmon assured

him that he knew iu>t how to sin^;, still insisted that ncvcr-

. thclcss he must celebrate the praises of the great Creator of

I all thingi Whereupon Caedmon felt himself inspired with a

^fcievr gift, and still in his sleep recited the most sweet and noble

^Verses, which had ever been heard in the English tonjjuc. On

the morrow ihc words were frejih in his memory, and were

repeated by him to the steward of the monastery, who went

lo tell the Abbess of the wonderful gift which had been

MENOLOGY. [FEB. 11.

conferred on the humble and untaught servant of the house. St Hilda hat! him brought into the presence of various learned men, who were there at the time ; and when they were told of the dream, and had heard the specimen of his powers, all agreed that a heavenly grace had been bestowed upon him. By order of the Abbess he was admitted to the religious habit and received aa a brother of the monastery. The various histories of the Sacred Scriptures were read to him, and on these subjects he composed many poems, some of which arc preserved to the present time, and have earned for him the title of the first Christian poet of our land. It was remarked that he could never compose anything on a profane or even secular theme, his gift being only for the glory of God. St. C-Tsdmon lived in great simplicity and holiness, very pious and strictly observant of the Rule. Shortly before his death, though not supposed to be seriously ill, he asked for a bed in the common infirmary of the brethren, and his wish was complied with. He joined in cheer- ful conversation with those who were already there, until mid- night was passed, when to the surprise of all he asked for the Holy Communion. After some hesitation his petition was granted, and when the Lord's Body was brought to the room, he asked whether alt were in peace and charity towards him. " I too," he said, "am in charily with all the servants of God." After these words he communicated, and asked again whether the time of the Divine Office was near. Hearing that it wantedbut little, he said. "It is well; let us wait for that hour". He then signed himself with the holy Cross and fell asleep, and in that sleep passed to his eternal rest. The relics of St Cardmon were translated with those of other Saints at Whitby, in the twelfth century, when his great merit before God was attested by many miracles, according to the common report.

Lte.'W.l3JiA2{onu):Chai. lonia). ffiil. Btda, I. Jv., c. 14.

M«lmc*. Pmk.. III., f 116,

THE ELEVENTH DAY. TA^ lioly numory of the Venerable pRAKCts Levison, Martyr, Prusi, and Friar of the Order of St. Francis.

I I

FERIS.}

MENOL<

fij

V. Fraacia

LcTiaon,

O.SF,

A.D.

FnANas Levison entered the Holy Order of the Friars Minor, at the age of eighteen, and was known by the name of Father Ignatius a Sancta Clara. He laboured on the English Mission for twelve years, and was then arrested and thrown into prison. The magistrate who committed him endeavoured by bribery to obtain some evidence against him ; but as none could be procured, the venerable servant of God was left during fourteen months to languish in gaol in a pitiable state of misery and starvation, until death came to change these sufferings into everlasting bliss,

Hitt. Cliallon«r'« MiMwaaiy Pm*to, Hope'* FranciMcan Man)T«, p. 340. «^ ii.

THE TWELFTH DAV.

/« tke Isle of Lindisfamc, and at Durham, tAe commtmoratwn fl/ST. Etiiei.wold, Con/ftsorand Bis/top of LinSsfnmt. — At Oxford, the translation 0/ St. Fridiswide. Vit^n. iv/me tUpositioa ts OH t^tk of October. — At lyhwm.tfu pasiion of five prions hfartyn, who iuffered death for tht Faith, under Quten Eiizabtth, at tht same piact and on tfu satne day in the year of Christ. 1S84— namely. GEORGE Havdock, Priest; JoH.v MUNDEN. Priest; JaMES FeNN, Priest; THOMAS HE.MER- FORD. PriiSt ; and JOHtt NUTTER, Priest, all ^f whom havs been declared Venerable Servants of Cod by Pajv Lea XJIl.

St Ethclwold, ETHeLNYOLD was one of tlie attendants of St. ^'a-^T^' Cuthbcrt, and aftcrwart].s became Abbot of Old 74a Melrose. !n that position of authority he proved himself to be a man of humble and religious life, and on the deatli of St. Edbeit, in the year 721. was chosen Bishop of Lindisfarne. He was »till living when St. Bede wrote, and is described by him as showing himself by his acts worthy of bis episcopal rank. After a long episcopate he gave up hi« soul to God, and was buried in his Cathedral Church. At the time of the Danish invasion Che relics of St Ethclwold were translated with those of St. Cuthbert and his immediate successors, and finally found their resting-place in the new Church of Durham.

MEXOLOGY. [PER 13.

V. Georse GEORGE HavDOCK was bom at CoUam, near ^ffiut" l*"^ston. in I^ncashirc, and was educated in the ■A-D. Catholic rciigion. His father, also, at an advanced ***■ age was ordained priest, and served the Mission with great fruit. George began his studies for the priesthcxxl at Douay. continued them at Rome, and completed his course at Rhcims, where he was ordained. He went to England at the beginning of 15X2, and almost immediately fell into the hands of the pursuivants, near St. Paul's Church, in London. Hi^ examination turned on the supremacy, and the result was his imprisonment for two years before his arraignment The greater part of this time tlie pious man w.is l:ept in the strictest seclusion and deprived of the consolation of the Sacraments, and was suffering, moreover, Trom a lingering sickness. At length he was brought to trial and condemned, with four others, for being made priests beyond the seas by the Pope's authority. Me received his sentence with in- credible joy. and the only thing that disturbed his tranquillity was a rumour that he was likely to be reprieved. The horrcws of hi3 execution were aggravated by the insults and cruelty of the sheriff, who would not spare him the least of the barbarities of the sentence. He triumphed over all, and through these torments passed to the joys ofa better life.

V. John John MundeX was a native of Dorsetshire,

"rD™* ^""^ ^^^^ ^ fellowship at New College, Oxfoixi, 1584. until he was deprived of it on the discovery of his religion. After a time he went abroad, and studied at Rhcims and Rome, and was ordained priest and sent on the Mission in 1 582. He was soon discovered and taken prisoner, and cxttmined by Secretary VValsingham, ^v'ho proceeded with such violence, ns to give him a blow on the head which com- pletely .stunned him. The prisoner was then sent to the Tower and most harshly treated, being left to tie on the bare Hoor in irons for many days. After a year's captivity and another severe examination, he was at length brought to trial and con- demned to die. While they were pronouncing the sentence, he recited the Te Deum with a joyful countenance. The

FEB. la.]

M EN O LOGY.

65

night before his execution his Confessor contrived to pay him

a visit, and found him enjoying the greatest peace of mind land spiritual sA'ectness. He endured the torments of his rcruel death with admirable courage, and with his blessed

cofTipanions passed through these short pains to everlasting

rest.

V. Juus In early youth James Fenn had suffered great

^g"* temporal losses for hLs constancy in the service of 1584. God, but afterwards he married and settled in the world. On the death of his wife, a pious priest induced him go to Rhcims and study for Holy Orders. He returned 'as a priest in the year 1582, to serve the Mission of Somerset, his native county. After a .short interval Fenn was arrested as a Catholic, though it was not known that he was a priest, and sent lo the Marshalsca, in London, where, however, he was allowed to see those who came to visit Kim. In this way the servant of God was able to continue his mission, to ad- ^ministcr the Sacraments, to gain .sinners to God, and bring ^Kherctics to the Faith. The grace and efficacy of his words I were singular, and some of the conversions recorded most I ftmarkablc. He prepared himself for death by continual ^^prayer. At his trial he boldly professed himself a Catholic ; ^Bbut as there was no evidence to show that he was a priest, he ^Hnras falsely charged with 3 conspiracy against the life of ^Elizabeth. Though it was impossible to prove such an accu- sation, he was condcinncd to the cruel i)cnaltics of high treason, which he bore with perfect constancy.

V. Tbomu Thomas H emerford was a native of Dorset- ^^aTd**"*' shire, and a graduate in law of the University of 1SB4. Oxford. He went abroad to be reconciled to the Church, and remained at Rhcims for the purpose of study, from thence passing to Rome, where he completed his course and was made priest. In England he was arrested with George Haydock and others, and condemned to the same penalties. After the sentence, Hemerford was left in his prisoa in irons for five or six days, and then dragged to

5

66 MENOLOGY. [PHa la

execution with the other Martyrs. It is recorded that he suffered with the greatest fortitude.

V.John Nut- John Nutter was a native of Lancashire, '*'^'jLE> ' brought up in heresy, and a graduate of Oxford. <S84- On his conversion he went over to Rheims, where he was ordained priest, and in 1582 returned to England to labour in the Mission. The vessel which conveyed him foundered at sea, and he was put on shore at Dunwich, in Suffolk, where he was at once arrested, on account of certain Catholic books in his possession. Though suffering from a violent fever, Nutter was harshly treated by his captors and sent to the Marshalsea in London. During the year of his detention the good priest found an opportunity of convincing many Protestants and reconciling not a few, and was noted for his great charity to all, enemies as well as others. John Nutter was condemned on the usual charges, and executed with all the horrors of the sentence Many of his spiritual children were present, and were wonderfully edified by the cheerfulness and sweetness which appeared on his counte- nance.

St. EthelwoM. Hartyra.

Mart. L (on 21 Apr.). Hltt. Challoner's MiSMOnary Prieats,

Ltg. W. I and a -, Chal. vol i.

Hist. Beda, v., c. 12 and 34; Ploi., Bridgwater's Conc«rtatio, fbls, 133, A-"- 739 '• S""- Dunel. (Suitees Ed., 139, 14.3, 156. PP- i3i '33< '9I' ^'S)' Douay Dtaiiea; Stowe.

Trans. St FiidcBwidc Archiv. WeHtmon., Chainpney,pb786.

Call. 5. 73i 8<^i >03. ■■ ■• Catalogues of Haityn.

Mart. M.

THE THIRTEENTH DAY. At Tibrach, in Ossory, tlte festival of St. ModomNOCK, or DoMNOCK, Confessor. — At tlte Abbey of Thomey, in Cam- bridgeshire, the lioly memory of St. Huna, Monk and Confessor. — At Ely, the deposition of St. Erminilda, the third Abbess of tfuit celebrated tnonastery.

St Modom- St. Modomkock, who is also called Domnock,

""^d!"^' belonged to the princely house of the Nialls in

ssoc- Ireland, who, like others of his fellow-countiy^

13.]

MENOLOGY.

«7

men. came over to place himself under the spiritual guidance of St. David. When he had completed his studies and his course of religious probation he returned to his own country. and settled at Tibrach, in Ossory. His festival is kept in Ireland on the i ith of October, but the year of his death is unknown.

It iroDld team 10 be by an error that Dotnnock has bwn wmctimci colled a Bi«hapi Giraldni Cambfcniis hat laiinised bis nime u Dominions, whom •ocnc lw\« liken lot •nolho individual. Tlie Saint i« mid to hnvc intioduced i£tf, hithcno unknown, into IrcUnd, a swaim having Milled ou the bowtof the vwd, wltich carticid bin home.

St Hnna. ST. HUNA was a monk and priest of the ^!d.' Abbey of Ely under Sb Ethcldrcda. He was fi9*C' chared by the Saint to conduct her obsequies, and to place her remains in the cemetery amidst those of her sisters of the community. Having piously obeyeii her commands. Huna left the Abbey and retired to a small island in the fens, called after liim Hurtcya. Here he led 3 solitary and most holy life, and after his death man>' miracles were wrought at his tomb. In later times his relics were translated to the Abbey of Thorncy. founded by St. Ethel- wold, Bishop of Winchester.

St EnniniWa, St. ErmixILD.^ was the daughter of Ercon-

'^Ah^*' bert. King of Kent, and St. Sexburga, his wife.

A-D- She was given in marriage to Wulfhcre, King of

f^^ Mcrcia, and became the mother of St. Werburg,

Virgin and Abbess, iind of Kenred, who eventually resigned

the crown of Mercia to embrace the religious .itatc in Rome.

Through the efforts of Wulfhcre and his Qiiccn the people of

Mcrcia, hitherto mostly p,igan9. were brought to the Faith and

boly baptism. On the tlcath of her husband. St. Rrminilda

retired to her mother in Kent, and found her engaged in

building her great Abbey at Minster in the Isle of Shcppcy.

Sexburga had already made her religious profession at the

Monastery of Milton, to which Sheppey belonged, and at

the saiM place, in due time, Erminilda followed her example.

68

MENOLOGY.

[FEB. 14.

Sometime later, St Sexburga withdrew to Ely and placed herself under her own sister St. Etheldrcda, leaving her daughter to succeed her in her foundations in Kent. After fulfilling these duties for some time, Erminilda, desiring to obey rather than to rule, also sought a refuge at Ely. Here she faithfully copied the examples of sanctity before her, and was disttnguislied for her singular humility and perfect obedience, and all the practices of Christian perfection. On the death of her mother, who n-as then Abbess, she was chosen to succeed her, and fulfilled her office to the great advantage of her spiritual daughters, who had the privilege of being ruled in succession by three Abbesses, all of whom are num- bered among the Saints,

St. Mcxlomnock. Lig. CIuJ. (13 Feb., Dominic). H'il. Linigan, vol. ii., pp. 319-30. Horan's Xxiitt SainU in Briuiin.p. 30.

St, Huna. Marti. M.. N. Ltg. C\ai. (i3 May). Uia. TlKiinu of Ely, in Lire of Etb«l- dttda (AngL Sac., \., i*. 6ia).

SL Ermtntlda. Call. 9, 15. n, 57. 64. 6;. Morti. M, H. N. O. P. Lee- Tlnm.. fol. 396: Cxfgr., UA.

1331); Nov. Leg., fol. 1351; Whitf.

Sm. ; W. I and 3 : ChsiL Hiit. MS. in Coclaync, vol. iii.i |k

43 i (RoUt). Malincsb. R(g..i.. {76; il. j 314. -, Hlgdrn. vol. vi., p. 106 (R0IU). MabilL.Acu ^S. Bened, ) ii., p. 735

(dom Thomu of Ely).

THE FOURTEENTH DAY.

At Whitby, w yorkskire,the ftolymewioryo/S^. Elfleda. Virgin,

St Elfl*da,V.. St. Elfleda was the daughter of Oswy, King ^■°' of Northumbria, by his wife Eanflcda, daughter of No D»j. Edwin and Etbclburga. Before the great battle of Winwcd, Oswy had vowed that if his arms were victorious, he would consecrate to God his infant daughter in her state of virginity, together with her patrimony, for the building of a monastery. Elfleda was barely a year old when Pcnda was defeated and slain ; and her father unhesitatingly undertook to fulfil his promise to God. The young virgin was entrusted

FEB. 10.]

MENOLOGY.

69

to the care of the Abbess St. Hilda, whose religious community

was at that time ^aled at HartlepooL Within two ycar^

however they rcmo^xd to tJic new monastery at Whitby, and

there Elilcda was brought up and finished her courts. At

first a lowly disciple in the ways of the spiritual life, she

became a perfect mistress of the regular discipline, as it was

practised under her saintly Superior, At the age of fifty-nine

she was called to the nuptials of her Heavenly Spouse, and was

buric^i in the church of the abbey, where also were laid her

^father and mother, her grandfather St. Edwin, and other

^feaints and noble personages. When William of Malmcsbury

^prrotc, her relics had recently been discovered, with those of

^several other Saints, and translated to a more honourable

place The days of the deposition and invention of St

Elllcda are both unknown ; but the later raartynilopcs com-

, metnorate her on the 8th of Pebruajy.

Ug. W. I (8 Feb. and 26 Dec.). W.

i<aPcb.)i Chal. (II Dec.). Hill. BctU,l.lii„c. u- Ualin. Pont. iii.. t >■&■

1608. Wil»n. 3 Feb.. Edil.\

fled (coniRicin,), . . . itX*. Wilson, « D«.. ^^

Ethclfreda {commem.), } t&40. WiIion,i<Peb..Elllcclft(ilc[ioi.). 17O1. ChalloncT, ti Dec.

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

-Atth< Abbey of Whitby, tfie deposition of Oswy, King of "^^•tkumiria. w/to h^an tlu tUU of Saint in an anatnt >nart/r- "^S^r, and ii/aj an imimnt propagator of the Christian Faith. — A Vales, the ftsttval of St. Uochow, Priest and Confessor. — ■-^/ Wcxiow, in Stmie/i, llu festival of^l. SlGFKtD, Bisiwp ■"*a^ Confasor, and tkt commemoration of the martyrdom of his n^>hrtus, WlNAMAN, UNAMAN, and SUNAMAN.

Ih^<

' Om, Oswv was the brother of St Oswald the

^Q^" Martyr, and succeeded him immediately in the

^TO- government of Bcmicia. his hereditary territory.

Ailc the kingdom of Dcira relumed for a time to the sway of

i»s native princes. Oswy was a great king, powerful In war

vA in counsel, and a rcalous promoter of the religion of

70

MENOLOGY.

[FEB. 15.

Christ ; but the first part of bis reign was stained hy a terrible crime — his complicit>- in the treacherous murder of St. Osvrin, with whom he had been for some time at war. There can be no doubt that he was sincerely penitent for this grievous mis- deed, in expiation of which the Abbey- of GilMng, near Rich- mond, was afterwards raised b>' his wife, that in it continued supplications might be offered for the repentant prince and his victim. The great military success of Oawy's reign was the victory of the VVinwed, in which fell Penda, the fierce pagan King of Mercia. the great enemy of the Christian name, and the slaughterer of no less than five Christian princes. After this triumph he devoted himself to the spread of the Faith in the conquered Mercia, which soon became a Christian land. At the celebrated conference of Whitby, on the obsen-'ance of Easter and other points of discipline, the King declared him- self convinced by the reasoning of St Wilfrid, and thenceforth made it his aim to promote entire conformity with the usages of the Roman Church. His wife was SL Eanfrid, daughter of St. Edwin and St. Ethclburga ; and one of his children also, Elfleda of Whitby, is reckoned among the Saints. After a glorious reign of twenty-eight years Oswy was scixcd with his last sickness. Had he recovered, it was his intention to have resigned his crown and retired to Rome, to die under the shadow of the holy places ; but such was not the will of God, to Whom he gave up his soul in his own land. In the twelfth century the relics of Osv^')-, of his wife an<l daughter, and several other Saints, who repased in the Abbey of Whitby, were translated to a more honourable site in the same church.

St Siofrid, The history of this apostolic man is involved A^dT' '" ^""'^ obscurity. According to the most pro- »o45 «■ bable account, it was after the conversion of St Olaf, King of Norway, that at the King's rctjueat various mLssioncrs were sent from England to preach the Gospel to his people. Among these were the Bishops John, Grinkcl, and Sigfrid, who did not confine their labours to Norway, but at the suggestion of Olaf penetrated Into Gothland, other parts of Sweden, and the Isles, and were by him commended

FEB. 16.]

MENOLOGY.

?i

to the protection of Unwanus, Archbishop of Bremen. St. SiGfRlD chose Wcxiow as the place of his episcopal Sec; and the good report of his virtues having reached the King of Sweden, also called Olaf, he was allowed to prosecute his mission in peace and with abundant fruit. Nor was it long before the prince himself, on hearing the heavenly message from the lips of Siyfrid, submitted to the >-okc of Christ, and received baptism at his Castle of Hitsaby, in a fountain, which afterwards bore the name of Sigfrid, and was a source of many miracles. The Saint continued hi.s labours with wide- isprcad success for many years, and at length reposed in peace bikI was buried in his Church of Wcxiow. His tomb was the scene of many miracles, and until the subversion of the Catholic Faith he was held in the highest veneration by the people of Sweden. His festival was kept on the 15th of February', and was celebrated with a proper Mass and Office.

^F SS. On the same day, according to the more ancient

[_ ^uSralS' calendars of Sweden, was commemorated the ^L tad passion of the holy Martyrs St. \V[N.\MAN, St. H Hari^r USA.MAM. and St. Sunaman. These servants of ^P God «-cre the nephews of St. Sigfrid, who ac-

; cofTipanicd or followed him to Sweden to take part in his I apostolic labours. It appears that on one occa.'sinn when the ' Saint was visiting some portion of his charge, he left his n^^hews in care of the Church of Wexiow, and that certain pagans, stimulated at once by hatred of the Faith and the desire of plunder, cruelly put them to death and carried away te« treasures of the Church. The King caused the culprits to be arrc^tc^l, and would have put them to death had not Sigfnd, with the compaiuion of a good shepherd, obtained the cotuiRutation of the .sentence ; while, at the same time, he gciKtDusly refused all share in the fine which was exacted tfom tbcin.

In IV Rrvrlnbvnt of St, Bridgrl |lit>. "i"-, C- ^i) Sigriid Ib k[K>Ven ofoa

"*- Sifftti ihe AichbUhop. whft weni fonh from England ard dtd the will of M in iW hingdom of Sweden". VaMOvin* iild* llMt he wu canonlfed fay

72 MENOLOGY. [PBR 16^ 17.

Pope Adrian IV. in the yeai 1158. The souices of the Saint's life ue Adam of Bremen, John Magnus, Vastoviua, and others ; but the tradition ia not bo con- sistent and satisfactory as might be deaiied.

Oswy. St. Sigfrid.

Mart. L, Mart. Molanus (add. to Usuaid).

Leg. W. 3. Ltg. W. I and a i ChaL {for Martyrs);

if lit. Beda, iii. and iv. W. i and 3; ChaL; Breviary; Modem

Malmesb. Pont, iii., | 116. SuppL for Sweden.

St. Dochow. Hist. Boll., a vol. of Feb., p. 847. Cal. 51.

THE SIXTEENTH DAY.

In Vie kingdom tf/"Northi]mbria,//w/;'OT<j»wwwr>'^TuDA, fourth Bislwp of Lindisfame.

Tudfl, Bishop, TuDA was educated in the south of Ireland, ^Zt. where the Roman customs as to Easter and the tonsure had already been adopted, in deference to the injunctions of the Holy See, and there he had received episcopal consecration. He came to Northumbria while St. Colman was still Bishop, and, on the retirement of that pre- late after the Conference of Whitby, was chosen to succeed him as Bishop of Lindisfame. He was a man of holy life, and diligent in teaching and in the discharge of his duties ; but the period of his pastoral charge was very brief, as within a year he was carried off by the terrible pestilence which raged at that time. He was honourably buried in the Monastery of Pcegnalaech, supposed to be Finchale, near Durham.

Leg. Chal. Hist. Beda, iii., 16, 17.

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY.

At the Monastery of Loc-Keric, in the ancient diocese ofLhm, in Brittany, the deposition of St. Guevrock, or KeRIC, Abbot and Confessor. — In Northumbria, tfte deposition of St. Finan, the second Bishop of Lindisfame. — At Tyhazn, the passion of th€ Venerable WILLIAM RICHARDSON, Priest, who was the last to suffer martyrdom in t!u reign of Elisabeth.

PES. 17.]

MENOLOGY.

73

St CucTTock GUBTItOCK waa a native of Great Britain, who *C^*' followed his master St. Tugdual to Brittany, and A-D. was named by him Superior of a new monastery in tlie place $incc called Loc-Kiric He lived in seclusion until called by St. Paul of L^n to assist him in the government of his diocese. In the exercise of this duly he exhibited great zeal and charity, and was favoured with miraculous gifts. He was attending the Bishop in his visita- tion when seized with liis Inst illnciis at a place called Lander* Dcau. There he gave up his soul to God, but his body was coni.ieyed to his own Abbey of Loc-Kiric. His relics were preserved with veneration for a length of time, but were lost <luring the invasions and civil disturbances which occurred at a later period.

^H St Ptuo, St. Finan was a native of Ireland and a ^R^ ^A.*©"**' n>onk of lona, from which place he was sent to ^^^K tti. rule the vast diocese of Northumbria after the ^^^" death of St Aidan. Like the other disciples of

I St. Columba who took part in the evangelization of the

I English, he was a man of most holy life, a watchful pastor of

I the souls committed to his charge, and a zealous ap05;tle for

' the prt^agation of tlic Faith. He was, however, a vehement

upholder of the traditions in mattersof discipline, under which he had been brought up, and which difTercd in some respects from those introduced by St Augustine and his companions. One of the good works of St Finan was the building of a spacious cathedral in tlic island of Lindinfarnc, though the structure w.ts of wood, according to the usage of his own country. His zeal was shown in the convcraion of Peada, Prince of the Mid-Angles, whom he baptised, together vrith the numerous attendants who had accompanied him in his visit to Northumbria. At the request of the same Peada he returned with him to preach the Gospel to his subjects, taking with him several priests, whose labours were crowned with eminent success. They were all men of most holy iivc^i — St. Ccdd, afterwards Bishop of the East Saxons, Adda and Betti, all native Engli^ priests, and Diuma,- an Irbhman,

74 MENOLOGY. [FEB. 18.

whom a little later, on the death of Penda, the father of Peada, St. Finan was able to consecrate first Bishop of the newly-converted people of the Mercians and Mid-Angles. St. Finan had also the happiness of baptising Sigbert, King of Elssex, who was brought to the Faith through the exhortations of King Oswy, and of thus opening the way to the recon- version of a kingdom which had fallen away from Christianity.

V. WiHiMi William Richardson, priest, known on the '*'*a!d*"^ Mission by the name of ANDERSON, was bom at 1603. Vales, in Yorkshire, and for his education went to the College at Rheims, from which he passed successively to the English seminaries at Valladolid and Seville. At the latter place he was made priest, and from thence sent on the Mission. The particulars of his ministry and death are not- known ; but it is recorded by Stowe that he suffered the penalties of high treason for being found in the countiy contrary to the statute. He was the last of the Martyrs who suffered under Elizabeth, she herself being called within a few months to the tribunal of the Great Judge.

Sl GuevTock. Cal. Ancient Cal. of Lion. Hitl. Lobincau, Stunts de Bretagne,

vol i., p. 136. St, Finan, Cat. J. Lessons in Ah. Brev. ; W. I snd a ;

Ltg, Tinm., fol. 3146 (in App.); Chal. (on 16). Cspgr., fbl. 113A ; Nov. Leg., fbl. Hist. Beds, iii., c. 17, 21, et ttq. 147&. Ven. Richardson.

Hill. Douay Diaries; Stowe; Chsl- lonei's Miss. Priests, voL i.

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY.

/« Northumbria, i/ie festival of St. Colman, Confessor and third Bishop of Lindisfame.—Also the festival of St. Ethelina, or EUDELM, Virgin, 7v/iose acts are unknotm.— At Tyburn, //« martyrdom of the VenerabU WILLIAM Harrington, who suffered for t/u Faith in the year 1594; and of t/te Vemrable JOHN PiBUSH, who died for the same

FEB. la]

MEKOLOGV.

fS

My canst in f/u year i6or, at St Thomas' W'atering, in SotUkwari.

St. Cotmaii. St. COLMAN. the third Bishop of Lindisfarne,

^o«rf*** '"'^ **'" pt^^essors, St. Finan and St. Aidan. was

A.D. a native of Ireland and a professed monk of the

^^ monastery of the great St Columl>a in the island

of lona. St. Colman was remarkable for the holiness and

austerity" of his life, hi.s admirable spirit of poverty, and his

complete detachment from alt the aims and interests of this

world. He was also a most zealous pastor, and he and his

clergy were held in such veneration, llut wherever ihey went

Ihcy were welcomed as the messengers of God. their bleising

Mras eagerly sought for, and their instructions heard u'ith

devout attention. While St. Colman was Bishop various

questions of discipline, which had long agitated the Church

in our island, were brought to a ciisXi. The chief of these

natters of discipline were the d.ty of (he Eanter festival and

the form of the clerical and monastic tonsure. St. Augustine

and his companions had introduced the usages observed in

Rome in his time, according to u-hich Easter was calculated

by a new and correct cycle adopted by the Popes, not long

before the date of the Knglish Mi.'ision ; and the form of the

< tomurc, formerly undetermined, had assumed the shape of a

crown around the head. On the otlicr hand, the Irish

miisioncrs brought from lona by St. Oswald, like the Welsh

already in Britain, followed a computation of Easter which

trax in fact that prevailing in Rome before the recent

correction; and to this they added a second diversity — namely,

that of keeping llic festival on the uctunl day of ihc full moon

when it happened to be Sunday, contrary to the ecclesiastical

™'c, which requires that it should never be celebrated until

*e Sunday after the full moon. This latter mistake caused

1^ upholders to be sometimes called Quartodccimans, though

"•sit error was by no means lh.it of those who were con-

•Icmncd. under the same name, by the Council of Nic<-ea for

^*^ng Ea&tcr with the Jews on the 14th day of the moon,

"hrthcr Sunday or any other day of the week. The Ir»h

T6

MENOLOGY.

[FEB. la

fashion of the tonsure was to sliave the entire fore-parl of the head from car to car, and is supposed to have been brought by St. Patrick from some monastery on Uie Continent, at a time when there was no uniformity of custom in Uie matter. These were clearly mere points of external discipline, in no way touching on the Faith, and the Holy Sec was content to allow the more correct rule to make its way gradually, without imposing it as a condition of Communion. But the partisans on both sides were eager for their respective opinions. The Irish pleaded their long custom and the example of St Columba and other Saints; while thar opponents insisted on submission to the usage, which they had found extant both in Rome and France, and stigmatised the contrary practices as schismatical and uncatholic. The practical inconveniences, however, were considerable, and felt particularly in Northumbria, where it had been known to happen that on one and the same day King Oswy and the Hishop were rejoicing in the Easter festival, while Queen Kanflcda and her chaplain from Kent were celebrating Palm Sund.iy. It was therefore resolved that a conference should be held at Whitby, and the question settled once for all. TTte chief advocates of the Roman usage were Agiibert, formerly Bishop of Ihe West Savons, and St. Wilfrid, and the main support of the Irish was St. Colman. After ihcir lengthened ai^uments had been listened to by King Oswy and his nobles, as well as by the assembled clergy and monl it was agreed on all hands that St. Peter was of greate authority and power than St. Columba, and that it was expedient to abandon the practices hitherto observed, and to conform to those generally prevailing in the Church. St Colman, however, was so deeply attached to the ways in which he had been brought up, and the memory of his saintly predecessors, that he could not bring himself to adopt the change, and chose rather to retire from his Sec and his Mission. Accordingly, he returned to lona, taking with him a portion of the relics of St. Aidan, and followed by a certain number of English monks from Lindisfarnc who adhered to his opinions. After a time they pnDcceded to Ireland, and

I. 18.]

MENOLOGY.

77

established a monastery in the small island of Innis Boffin, on the west coast, where they were joined bj' other monks, natives of the country. After the first summer the English complained that their Irish brethren hat] left them Mi do the work of the harv-est, and yet expected to share in the fruits ; and St Colman, anticipating serious dissensions, thought it prudent to divide the two nationalities. He tliercforc took the Kngllsh to the mainland, and settled them in a munastcry at Mayo, where they became a numerous community and flourished for a length of time; but before St Bede wrote they had already given up the old usages which had been the came of their exile. St Colman appears to have continued to govern the two communities until he was called to his heavenly reward.

V. Wimwa The Venerable WiLtJAM Hakrinuton.

"*AJ?*^ priest, who was cruelly put to death on account ISM- of his priestly character and functions, was a native of Yorkshire and a student of Rhcims, and was sent on the English Mission in 159-. No record has been pre- sen-ed of his labour* in this country, nor yet the details of his trial and martyrdom.

V. John The Venerable JOiiN FiBUSH was a native of

^^^' Thirsk, in Yorkshire, and a student of the English 1601. College at Rheims. Being ordained priest, he was sent on the Mission in 1569 ; but before long he was apprehended and committed, first to Gloucester gaol, and then transferred to London. He was tried and condemned to death merely on the charge of his priestliood, but before his execution had to suffer a most severe imprisonment of seven years in ihc King's Bench. During this interval the health of Pibush was completely ruined through the hardships to which he was exposed, the barbarity of his keepers, and the insults and hlasi)hcmy of the criminals who were shut up with hiro. At length these pcrsgcutors were moved to some degree of compassion, and sometimes he was able to say Mass, to his unspeakable consolation. After so long a delay.

78 MENOLOGY. [FEB. 10.

it was supposed that the holy man would have been suffered to die in prison, when, to the surprise of all, he was summoned before Chief-Justice Popham, and ordered for execution. He was led to St Thomas' Watering, and there gave up his soul to God with the piety and fortitude of a true Martyr.

St Colman. Ca!t, 4, 7. Hist, Beda, iii., c. 25 ; iv., c, 4.

Leg. Leasont of Ab, Biev. ; W. i and 3 (13 Oct.) ; ChaL (8 Aug.).

St. EthelintL Cal. 23- Ltg. White

W. Hanington and Pibush. Hill. Douay Diaries; Challond's Archiv. Westmcm., Champney's An- Miss. Priests, vol. i. nals, pp. 909, 1006.

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

At Lindisfarne and at Durham, //« ^ly memory of St. BiLFRID, Hermit and Confessor.

St. Bilfrid, BiLFRlD, before he quitted the world to embrace ^^■» the life of an anchorite, had exercised the craft of 75* c. a goldsmith. No particulars have reached us of his virtues and acts as a solitary, nor do we know the place of his retreat ; but he was venerated as 3 Saint during his life and after his death. By command of St. Ethelwold, he employed his skill in nobly adorning the Gospels of St. Cuthbert with gold and precious stones. Moreover, when this much-prized volume accidentally fell into the sea, at the time of the translation of Cuthbert's relics, it weis attributed to the intercession of St. Bilfrid, as well as other Saints, that the sacred treasure was miraculously recovered. The relics of St Bilfrid, with those of other Saints, were translated to Durham, in obedience to the vision of the priest Etfred.

Leg. Chal. {ig Feb.). Lib. VitK Eccles. Duneltn. (Suiteea,

Hiit. Simeon Dundm. (Twysden, pp. vol, xiii., p. 6). 31. 3>)-

FEB. QO.]

MENOLOGY.

T9

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

Af Hxsclborough, in Domfshire, the deposition of St. t'LRlCK, Conffssor, Pritst, and Htrmit. — At some places in England, a ^estittal vf St. Mildred, l^irgjn, whose deposition it on the \%lh of July. — Also a festival of St. ErconcOTA, Virgin, wfiose deposition is on t/ie yth of July. — At St. Paul's Churchyard, in London^ tiu tnartyrdom of t/u Vtmrable Thomas Poktmore, Priest.

St uiridt, Ulrick. who wa3 born near Bristol, after he Cob?*' "'** ordained priest, retired to Haaelborough, in A-D- Dorsetshire, to follow the vocation he had received, ^ and lead a life of rigorous solitude. One of hut contemporaries, who has written on the Saints of England, cites his example as a proof, that notwithstanding a general decay of piety, there M-crc still some in the land who followed the highest paths of Christian perfection. Ulrick copied faithfully the practices of devotion and the exalted contem- plation of the ancient anchorites, as well as their corporal austerities. In consequence, he was favoured with the most sublime graces, and was the instrument, in God's hand, of most stupendous miracles. He entered into the enjoyment of his heavenly reward on the zoth of Fcbruar>', A.D. 1154.

V.Tlomw The Venerable TiroM.\s PORTMORK, or POR- **'a^°**' i'O'*'''' was the son of a gentleman of Lincolnshire, IS?*- and was educated for the priesthood in the English Collcfics of Kheims and Rome: He fell into the hands of the persecutors in the year 1 591 , and was confined in the Tower, where he was mo^t cruelly racked, to make him disclose the names of tho&c who had harboured and retie\-ed him. Though his body was all disjointed and grievously wounded, his con- stanc>* resisted all these torments. Portmore was condemned and executed on tlic double charge of being a priest, and of reconciling John Barwys to tlie Church of Rome. Barvry-s also was condemned for high tre^uon and felony, but it does not appear that he was put to death.

8o

MENOLOGY.

tPBB. 31.

St. Ulrlck. Si. Ercongota.

l-tg. Tinm.. fol. ifOii ; Capgr,, fol. Call. 14.(17.

26obi Nov. Lcff., (bl. 33S.1 : Whitf. Marfj. M, N, Q.

MA : W. [ and I : Chil. Ven. Partmore.

//iif. Henry of Huntingdon, in Boll., tfi'it. Douay Dituics; Si owe ; Ctwl-

vol, iii,, p. 116. lonec'ii Mii». Piiuts, vol. I.

Si. Mtlilred. Aichiv. Woiiman. , Cblmpncy, |>. Soj. eat. 75.

THE TW^ENTY-FIRST DAY.

Ar Tyburn, f/t^ passion 0/ ROBERT SOUTHWELL, Priest of ihe Society of Jesus, who suffered a glorious martyrdom for the Faith in the year 1 595.

V. Robert The Venerable Robekt Southwell was bom Southwell, jjj- ^ goot] family in Norfolk, and was sent at an A.D. early age to the College of Douay. From thence '59* i^g proceeded to Rome, where at the age of sixteen he entered the Society of Jesus. It was in the year 1584 that, being now a priest, he was sent on the English Mission ; and during the next eight years he laboured with great fruit in the conversion of many souls. After that he was betrayed into the hands of the persecutors, and committed to the Tower. At first his treatment was very harsh, but afterwards mitigated by order of the Queen, in answer to a petition cS his own father. For three years Robert Southwell was kept in prison, and in the course of Ihat time was cruelly racked no less than ten several times, .■\ilast his execution wasdetermincd upon ; and though precautions were taken to keep it secret, it became known, and great numbers of persons assembled at Tyburn to witness it. His behaviour was most edifying, and greatly moved even many Protestants who were present, so that the>' would not suffer the executioner to cut the rope until he was dead, after which the remainder of the barbarous sentence was carried out.

Hut. Cballoncr't Mis*. Priests, vol. \.\ Slowe; Foley'n Recordt. kcrie* L, p. 301.

Archiv. Westmon., Iv., p. 176.

t, „ Chanipncr,p.9ii.

FEa 23, 33.]

MENOLOGY.

8i

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

^P At tht 3h[on3stery of Athelingay, in Sonursit shire, the atmrnemoration of tht passion of Si. JOHN THE SaxON, Pries( %nd Monk.

JohBtfM PriecL M.,

JoifN was one of those learned men whom I j,^:""^, King Alfred invited from the Continent to labour B A.D. for the restoration of religion and learning in Eng- ^B NoD«j. lAniJ> ATter the dcvA^i^tation of the Danes, He was ^ a native of Old Saxony or Fricsland, but appears

to have been a monk of some house in France, when he was called to this country. The King placed him as Abbot of Atbelingay,a monastery which he was anxious to restore, as a pious memorial of his own days of exile in that region. John was zealous for religious discipline, a thing little in accordance with the inclination of certain French monks, who fomicd part of the community. Two of these were so blinded by their malice u to conspire to put him to death, and accomplished their ■licked design one night in the church itself, whither the holy had retited.as was his custom.to pray insolitude and silence.

John the Saxon it to be divtinguiihcil Uota John Scotuv Erigena and to Abbot John, who wm tnuidcred by bin pupiU tx Malrnetbwy, willi of whom fx hu Mxnclimct been confoundcJ.

'itt. Aanals of Sl NeM (Oil«, L. p^ ' anna, p. 54.

Lcland. Collect,, vol. iti., pp. 13, 14. Mabillon, Annali, vol. iii., pp. ^i-

i xnil 199. Alfbid'a Annals, vol. iii.. A.a 879.

THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY.

B ^1/ Wenlock, in SfirofisJiire, Ihe JtfiositionofST. M ILBUROA, t'«»:ffi>f and Abbess.—At Edmundsbury, in Suffolk, tlu fistivat St. JURMIN, Confessor, a Prince of East Angiia.

- MaiMirgii, St. Mii.BURCA was thc eldest daughter of ''j^'**' Mercwnld and St Erraenburga. thc Princes of ?««- Wt-stern Mcrcia. She early chose Uic better part, vA devoted herself to the religious life, retiring to thc Monas- tery of Wenlock, which she caused to be built, and to which

6

Ss

MENOLOGY.

[FEB. S3.

her father and her uncle, King WulThcrc, liberally contributed. She was a pattern of humility and every virtue, and in her life- time was endowed with the gift of miracles. Her last words to her religious sisters were tlie words of the Gospel : " Blessed arc the clean of heart — blessed are the peacemakers". After her holy death, her tomb was visited with devotion for a length of time; but the monastery having been destroyed in the wars, tlie place of it was foi^otten, until after the Norman Conquest. It was in the year T078 thai the Cluniac monks were put in possession of the site of St Mtlburga's founda- tion, and as they were making preparations for a new church, the sacred sepulchre was discovered in a wonderful manner, and a sweet odour proceeding from tlie tomb filled the whole place. Her relics were translated with great honour, and became the channel of innumerable miracles.

SLjunnin,C., JURHIN was of the reigning family of East J^^' Anglia, said by some authors to be the son of King Anna ; but more probably his parents were Ethelhere, the brother of Anna, and St. Hereswyda, the sister of St H ilda. No particulars of his life have reached our time ; but he was venerated as a Saint, and his relics were translated to Edmundsbury, where they were preserved with great honour.

William of NUImcAbury {Pont., ii., f 74.) ca]U him Germiniu, &nd Myi he could Icat" nothing about him, except thai hewgataid to be biothctof Si. EUkI- drtda, which would make liim the hod of .^iina. Thomat of Ely {Angl. Satr,, vol. !.. p. 595) kays Jurmin and Adulph wete the tons of Anna and Ftetctwydm, On the othcf hand, the more pr»t>iible account, taken from Florence, itatca that Hcreftiv^'ila wan ih«wifeofEthelhetc, and that Adulph wason«of iheiitofia. It does not appear that Anna, the name of whonc wife In not recorded, left any auivlving itonii. Uik initnctlUte lUCcestOT was cctlainly hit brolhet Glhelhcnt. St. Mllburg*. St. Jonnin.

Cait. 3, 33, j6, ya. 31, jy, 54, jg, frj, Cnl. S.

«3. 64. «}. 77. 79. 8fi. to^. Uarlf. Rom.. L. 1. M. N, Q. L4t. Tinm., fol. iqbb; Capgt., bl.

igsA; Nov. Leg,, tbi. 3] in;

Wbitf. Adl (lO Jan.); W. i and

1: Chal, Hill, t'loi. (Qenealocica]. Malmeib. Heg.,1., j 76 : Pont., iv., |

171.

Hart. M(riiniin?).

Leg. ChaU (ji May).

Hist. Matmcsb. Pont, ii., { 74.

Thomsa of Ely (Angl. Sacr., L, p.

59S)-

h

FEB. 34.] MENOLOGY.

H THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY.

^ At Cantert>uiy, //u Jepositicn of St. Ethelbert, Cott/essor, r King of Kent, dixcijtle of Si. Attgustha, and tht firsi Christian

Priuft ef the English tuttian, whose Jestival is novi observtA oh

ikt z6lh of Ftbruary.

St Etbeibert. li^THELBERT. King of Kent, and the most

|^*^d!"*^' powerful of the English princes of his time, was

^P 6t<L bom and cdjcatcd a pagan, but he had married a

most pious Christian, Bertha, the daughter of the King of the

Franks. Her example, and that of her almoner Luidhard

Bishop of Senlis, had given him a favourable impression of

the Christian religion ; so that when St Augustine and his

companions arrived, he received them with kindness and

hospitality. His first conference with tlie missioncrs was in

the open air, from a superstitious fearof some magic influence;

but he soon laid aside all such alarms, and settled them in

Cwitcrbury, his principal city. The King and his nobles

eagerly listened lo the Word of God, and witnessed with

admifntion the miracles wrought by their new apostles ; nor

wu it long before he and many of his attendants received

with great dc\'otion the sacrament of baptism. He reigned

*wo-and-twcnty years as a Christian, and during that length

of time never once swerved from his purpose, labouring to

cJEtend the Faith among his own subjects, and those of the

prince* who owned his sway. By the exhortation of St.

Gregoiy, Ethelbert began to destroy the idolatrous temples,

***cl treated with special favour those who became Christians,

***otigh he would use no force to oblige anyone to profess the

^»ith. This holy King was a noble benefactor of the Church.

In Canterbury he founded the Metropolitan Church of Christ,

^**A near the walls of the city the celebrated Abbey of St

^eter and St Paul. At Rochester, within his oi*-n dominions,

^ established a second episcopal Sec, and built the Church

^ Si. Andrew ; and in London, which was in the territory of

*e King of Essex, he erected tlie Cathedral of St Paul. All

**se he endowed with lands for the support of the clergy

84

MENOLOGY.

[FEB. 20.

and the maintenance of divine worshipi Such were the out- ward fruits of his zeal ; but we arc told that his especial care was bis own sanctification, and the establishment of the king- dom of God in his soul. At length the day of his reward arrived, and he gave up his soul to hia Divine Master, the King of kings. He was buried in the portico of St. Martin, in the church of the abb^, where Bertha, his first wife, had been laid before him.

Call. t. lo. aG. £jg. Tir\m,,toi.^ja! Capgr.,M.n^a;

Matti. Rom.. K, P, Q. N. Nov. Leg.. (61 ijCn ; WhUC Su.:

W, lands; Chal. Hill. Bedi. L, c. aj ef uq.

THE TWENTY-FIFTH DAY. At Heidcnhcim, in Bavaria, the deposition of St. Wal- BURGA, Vir^n and Abbess, wjtose Jesiivat is observed in Bng- iand on tht 1 3/// 0/ May.

st.Wfliburga, VValuurga was a daughter of that saintly and ^'iD***' princely house, of which St Richard was the 79* father, and St. Willibald and St. Winibald were sons. In some accounts she is said to have accompanied her father and brothers in their pilgrimage to the holy places abroad ; but this is uncertain, and our first reliable informa- tion dates from her arrival in Germany, where she was called to assist her brother, St. Winibald, in the foundation and government of his double monastery at I-Ieidcnheim. During his lifetime, Walburga presided over the house of the women, under his dependency ; but after his holy death no one was thought so capable as Watburga to undertake the government of the entire foundation. Accordingly, by appointment of St Willibald. still Bishop of Eichstadt, Walburga was named Abbess. Her singular holiness won the reverence and submbsion of all her subjects, and certain miracles which were known to have occurred spread her reputation among people in the world. It was on the 25th February, A.Di 78O; that she was released from the burdai of this life and admitted to her eternal rest, and her virginal body buried bedde the tomb of her holy brother. But it was in the

^■course of the next age, when Otkar was Bishop of Hichstadt, ^^ihat God was pleased to make known how He wished His faithful spouse to be honoured on earth. The Saint herself appeared to the prelate in a vision or dream, and reproved him for the neglect, in which her remains were allowed to lie. On this intimation, he at once resolved to bring the sacred body to Eichstadt, and sent some of his priests, together with Liubila, Abbess of Monhcim, to effect the translation, which was happily accomplished on the 2ist of September, to the Church of tlic Holy Cross, since called St Walburga's, in tlw cathedral city. Not long afterwards, in the year 893, M-hen I Erchanwald was Bishop, the shrine was opened, in order to give a portion of the relics to the same pious Liubila, for her convent at Monhcim. It was on this occasion that the precious oil was first discovered, which from that day to the I present has continued to distil from these sacred relics, to the ' admiration and consolation of all Christendom. The miracles and graces obtairvcd by means of this oil, and in other ways, by the intercession of St Walburga, at Eichstadt and Mon- hcim, and elicwhcre, wherever she is specially honoured, have been innumerable, and continue to the prcwnt day. It is !t)d that on one occasion, when the city was urvdcr an interdict, the oil ceased to flow, but was renewed when the censures of the Church were withdrawn. Besides the relics carried to Monhcim, which were probably con-sidcrable, other portions were taken to Cologne, Antwerp, Funics, and else- vhere The days of the death of the Saint and her transla- f/on to Eichstadt are clearly established ; but at the latter pi SMC, for some reason not obvious, the chief festival is kept on ^<^ m of May, and called the Translation and Canonization.

Th« name of !>t. Walbuigii ■■ alto aomellme* wriltcn in l^lui Ba Wklbufgla. '^Wk^fBpt, and Caltnirgli. There wu another Saini of ihc aatnc name. «ho **W»wulii«l in Wmphalia.

'*'ort. Rom. Mill. Life, by Wolfliaid (oihccnL);

r7. Tiitai.,fol. 316*,- Cafifr. fbnml, UabilL.Act. SS. Bsnnl.ul. *bx., ntntranr cl in Cai.) ; Mov. Ley. , Tol. furl 2, ji. £60. aaja; Whiif. Sai. (4 Feb.); W. t »U -J (vuiou* dnys): ChaL (36 Pfk and 1 May).

86

MENOLOGY.

[FBRM, 27.

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

At Tyburn, tke fiofsion of tht VeHeraM^ ROBERT DRURV, Pn'fst. who suffered death for exercising Ah prieitly fumtions in Englatid, mid rtfiuing to take the utUaurfiU oath imposed 6y fJu King.

V. Robert Robert Drury was a native of Buckingham- ^"■y'' shire, and received his education at the Colleges of 1607, Rheims and ValladolicL Having been ordained in Spain, he was sent on the Mission in 1593. It was chiefly in London and the neighbourhood that Drury exercised hts apostolic ministry, and there he was very hiEhly esteemed for hfs virtue and learning. He was one of those priests who united with Dr. Bishop, aftcnvards Bishop of Chalccdon, in a declaration of civil obedience and iidclity to Elizabeth. In the reign of James he fell into the hands of the persecutors, and was sentenced to death, on the old statute, for being a priest and remaining in England. His life, however, was offered him if he would take the new oath of allegiance put forth by the King, which oath had been condemned by Pope Paul V, This the Martyr refused to do, as an act contrarj- to his conscience, and accordingly he was led to death, which he met with perfect constancy.

lliil. Dauay Diaiicx. Aicliiv, Wextmon., vtii., p. 337.

Cballoncr. vol. ii.

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH DAY.

At Tybum, tiu passion of three holy Martyrs, who suffered deettk at tlu same time, in difeace of tlie Catkolie religioH — the tVwraM- Anne Line, Widow; the t'f/wnW/ Mark Bark- worth, Priest; and the Veaerabk ROGER FlLOXTK, Pritst of the[Socieiy offtsus.

V. Anne Anne LlNE was a gentlewoman residing in

Llae, U.. London^ and a widow. She %vas a woman of

1601. weak bodily constitution, and suffered frequently

from severe attacks of sickness. On the other hand, she was

'Ea27.]

MENOLOGY.

87

^strong in spirit, and endowed with singular piety and Christian perfection. It was her custom to communicate at least once 3 week ; her delight was to converse on spiritual subjects, and she had a vehement desire for the grace of martyrdom. Se\-eral visions she had seemed to promise her this reward, and she was not disappointed of her hope On Candlemas Day, the pursuivanLs came to search her house at the moment when Mass was about to begin, and the celebrant was already vested. As the doors were barred, the priert had time to escape, and the sacred furniture was removed. Nevertheless, Anne Line was arrested, carried to Newgate, and there arraigned before Chief-Justice Popham, on the charge of harbouring a seminary priest Though there was no proof, she was condemned, receiving her sentence without the least trouble of mind or change of countenance. At her execution she publicly expressed her wish that when she had harboured one priest she could have sheltered a thousand, and so gave up her soul to God with great joy. Mark Barkworth, one of the priests who suffered immediately aftenvards, embraced her body while it was yet hanging from the gallows, and pro- daimcd her blessedness in the hearing of the assembled

CfOWd.

V. MmiIc Mark BARKWORTlt,alsocallcdLAMitRRT,was

^"mT"**"' ^ '1^*'^''^ ^^ Lincolnshire, and became a convert to

AjD. the [-"aith at the ai^e of twcnty-two. He studied

in ibc English Colleges of Rhcims and Valladolid,

and, being ordained pncst at the latter place, was in due time

sent on the English Mission. He soon fell into the hands of

the persecutors and was brought to trial ; and, as he refused

to plead, according to the form of law, lest he should bring

the guilt of his blood on ait ignorant jury, he was condemned

without evidence. He was dragged to execution on the same

hurdle M'ith Father Filcock, and openly protested that if he

had a thousand lives he would gladly sacrifice them in so

good a cause He rejoiced in the triumph of Anne Line,

who suffered immediately before him, foigavc all men, and

asked the prayers of the faithful. Mark Barkworth died In

MENOLOGY. [FEB. 38.

the Benedictine habit, to testify his affection for that Order, and is said by some to have joined the Spanish Congregation, though it is certain that he never lived in a monastcr>' nor was clothed by them. His head was preserved by the English nencdictines at Douay.

V. Roger FU- ROGER FiLCOCK, priest of the Society of JcsUS, "*«' 5'-''' suffered at the same time with Anne Line and A.D. Marl< Barkworth. Roger Filcock was bom at '***' Sandwich, in Kent, and went abroad to study at Rhctms and Valladolid. It was his early wish to enter the Society of Jesus, but his reception was delayed, and he was sent on the Mission as a secular priest in the year 159S. He laboured v^ ith great zeal for two years, after which Fr. Garnet, the Superior, received him into the Society ; but before he coutd begin his novitiate he was seized and thro\\Ti into prison. His fcliow-captivc and old friend, the Martyr Bark- worth, in a letter whidi has been preserved, .>^pcaks of him with the greatest admiration and affection, and expresses his conviction that they should suffer together. At the trial it could not be proved that Filcock was a priest ; nevertheless, he was condemned for high treason, and %vas the third and last of those who were put to death at Tyburn on this memor- able day. He suffered with great joy, exclaiming. " 1 desire to be dissolved and to be with Christ".

Ulit. CtviUoncr's UlsL PrJcita, vol. Aichiv, Wtslman., vjii., p. 391;

!,; Uov^^y DiariM. Champ^nc}-, [•. 10091,

Weldon'e Notes, p. 43; Foley's

ItMOnla, Kciu i., p. 40J.

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

y« Wales. f/uJfstii>a/e>/Sy. Maidoc, Bishop and Cmfasor. ^In the Isle of Anglesey. Uu festival of St. LiaiO. to wltem tlte Church of Llanltbio is dedicated. His name appears on t/tis day in an ancient Welsh calendar. — At Worcester, the dtfrosi- tion of St. Oswald, Bishop and Confessor. — Also the pious numory of tlu vtmrable servant ef God, FkancIS COTTON, Priest o^'the Society of fesus.

PEB.2&1

MENOLOGY.

S»

St Oswald. OswA[.D, who was the nephew of St. Odo, Bffc^CoBf. Archbishop of Canterbur)', in his early youth 992- crossed the sea, and toolc the habit of St. Benedict in the Abbey of Fleury. There he remained many years devoted to piety and study, and, notwithstanding the repeated invitations of his uncle, could never be induced to return, until he heard that the holy Archbishop was seized with his last sickness. On landing at Dover, he learned that he had arrived too late, and that the Saint had already changed this life for a glorious Immortality. O-swald would have returned immediately, but his companions persuaded him that some consideration was due to his kindred in Kngtand. He accord- ingly went to visit Oskitcl, Archbishop of York, who was nearly related to him, and spent some years in his company, in & most religious life, and with much consolation to himself. It was at this time that St. Dunstan succeeded to the Metro- politan See of Canterbury ; and being aware of the holy life and abil itics of Oswald, he took care, with the sanction of King' Edgar, that he should be appointed to the diocese of Worces- ter, which thus became vacant. Together with St. Ethehvold ofWinchestcr, Oswald wa.s one of the chief supporters of St. Dunstan's great and successful plans foi' the revival of religion tliroughout the land. Yet he acted with much forbearance, a.<t was shown by his proceedings in his own cathedral. The clergy he found by no means such as he wished them to be ; but he saw in them a certain disposition to good, which, if not too closely pressed, might be turned to a happy account. Accordingly, instead of displacing them from their Church of Sl Peter, he erected another close by. in honour of Our Blessed Lady. In this he planted a community of monks, frequently celebrating the divine offices there, and holding continued intercourse with tlie religious. The people of Worcester followed the example of their holy pastor, and the old church was so nearly deserted that the clergy resolved themselves to embrace the monastic state, and faithfully adhered to their resolution.

In the year 972 Oswald was promoted to the See of York, but at the desire of the King, and with the sanction of Pope

go

MENOLOGY.

[FEB. 28.

Fonnosus, he continued to govern the dioc«e of V\^orcester also. At York he did great things for the service of God, and so gained the goodwill of the nobles of those parts, that they gladly gave what he needed for the restoration of llie mined churches and monasteries.

Oswald greatly desired to foster good studies among his people, and for thi-s purpose brought over several learned men from the Continent, one of the most distinguished being Abbo of Fleurj', who remained a long time in England, labouring in that good cause. The Saint was accustomed to divide his time between York and Worcester, but seemed to show a certain preference for his original church ; and it was at Wor- cester that the desired rest from his labours was accorded to him. The day before his blessed death, being then in perfect health, he was seen to remain standing before the doors of the church, his eyes raised to heaven, and shedding tears of joy. In answer to the questions of his attendants, he gave them to understand that it had been revealed to him that he was forthwith to be released from the burden of this earthly body. The very next day, having just concluded the washing of the feet of the poor, according to his custom, while still on his knees, and having in thanksgiving pronounced the sacred words, " Gloria Patri et FiUo ct Spiritui Sancto," he there and then gave up his soul to God, his Creator and Redeemer.

St. Oswald was buried in the Church of St Mary at Wor- cester, and after twelve years, in consequence of the miracles which look place on the spot, was disinterred with much honour. The sacred remains had fallen to dust, but the sacerdotal stole which he wore was found in all its freshness and beauty. St O-swald sur^-ived his friends St Duixstan and St Ethelwold, and it was said that he continued to represent the authority of the one and the energy of the other, and no less the sanctity of both.

V. Francis The venerable sen'ant of God, Francis nSiut, ' CoTTON.commonly called Neville, was a priest of ^j^O. the Society of Jesus. He was a native of Hamp- shire, and had spent forty-eight years in the Eng-

7BB. 38.]

MENOLOGY.

91

lish Mission, when at the age of 84 he was arrested at the house of a Catholic lady, on the charge of being concerned in Oates* plot The pursuivants seized him with such violence that they flung him downstairs, and so caused his death. He is justly considered a Martyr, as suffering in a righteous cause-

St. Maidoc and St Libio. Hut. Malmeab. Pont., iii., | 115;

Calt. gi, 31. Hist, of Ramsay (Gale, vol. ii., p.

Sl 0»wal4 391) i Stub* (Twyid. Col., 1099).

Call. 3, 8, 10, 31, 33, 39, loi, 40, 43, Ven. F. Cotton.

44< 36> S^' S7t SS, 63, 75, 64, 6j, 73, Hiit, Challoner'* Miss. Priesta, vol.

79, 80, 81, 71, 84. ii. 1 Foley's Recocde, aeriea xii..

Maris. L, N, P, Q, R. p. 87a. Ltg. Tinm., toh 460; Capgr., fol.

zioa ; Nov, Leg., fbl. ajifr 1

Whit£ Sai. ; W. I and 3 ; Cba).

M A B C H.

THE FIRST DAY.

At Menevia, ot/urwise St. David's, in Pembrokeshire, tlte deposition of St. David, Bislwp and Confessor. — At Keiser- werdt, on tfu Rhine, tfu deposition of St. SuidbERT, Bishop and Confessor, an Englishman by birth, and one of tlu com- panions of St. WiUibrord in his Apostolic Mission.

St DftTid, St. David, perhaps the most illustrious of the ^iS^' ^"f^'^"* British Saints, was the son of a prince of 544 c South Wales, and received his education in piety and learning from St. Paulinus, a disciple of St German, who. had established his abode at Whitland, Carmarthenshire. David remained with him many years, and is reported to have restored his master's eyesight by the stgn of the Cross, the holy man having nearly lost it, through the abundance of tears which he shed from devotion. At length the Saint returned to his native province, and established no fewer than twelve monasteries, most of which lay in the vale of Ross, near Menevia. In these holy retreats all the austerities practised by the ancient solitaries of the desert were revived and exercised with the greatest fervour. It was about the year 519 that the British Bishops met in synod to consider how they might best oppose the Pelagian heresy, which was threatening to reappear in the land, as well as to pass other disciplinary decrees, and St. David was invited to meet them at Brevy, the place appointed. At the conclusion of the council it is related that St Dubritius, the Archbishop,

icAai.]

MEN'OLOGY.

93

Insisted on resigning hts dignity in fiivoiir o( St. David, who, after repeated refusals and many tears, was compelled by obedience to accept it It was he who removed the See from the then populous Cacrleon to the solitude of Mciicvia. The Saint laboured persevcringly for the good of his flock, and among his other good de«!s held another synod, in which important canons were sanctioned. He lived to an advanced age ; and when the hour of his eternal repose came, his soul was seen by St Kcntlgcm to mount to heaven with great gloiy. St David's was a favourite resort of devout pilgrinns. Resides the principal church, there was a chapel in honour of the Saint's mother, St Nonnila, and another dedicated to St Lily, one of his faithful disciples, and his constant attendant According to the tradition of Glaston- bury, the relics of St David were translated to that Abbey in the reign of King Edgar.

Tbc life of Sl David, bv Glfoldiw CBinbrcn«i», is in \M»rton*l vfiiflMi Saerm (vol. ii., p. 6i8). He also givci portioni of thai by Kicemsitli at Ryddniaicb. BUhop of Mcncvia in the eleventh ccntuiy. on which the account of 'CiralduA ia bonded. The hiniorieAl value of this life is contidctcd lo be uii' saii&factory, as it appeaft lo be written ta vindinle the pritnucy for the See of

St U«vid'!i.

St. StiidbcTt, StjlDBEltT was one of the numerous English- ^A-D*^^' ""^ who, in the seventh and cightli centuries, went 7'i over to Ireland to seek a higher jK;rfection by a total renunciation of their . own country and their father's bouse. He associated himself with St. Egbert in his retreat, and became inspired with the same zeal as his ma.<iter for the Apostolic Mission and the salvation of the perishing heathen. Suidbcrt was therefore chosen to be one of the band of twelve who, with St Willibrord at their head, crossed the sea and landed at the mouth of the Rhine. With abundant fruit he evangelized what is now the South of Holland, the \orth of Brabant. Gueldres, and Cleves, and vhile St Willibrord was absent in Kome, was constrained by his fcl low-labourers to go to England to receive episcopal consecration, and so preside as Bishop over his new converts.

94

MENOLOGY.

[MAR,i.

It was at the hands of St. Wilfrid, who was then administering' the Mercian Jiocese, that Suidbert obtained this dignity, after the death of St. Theodore, and before St. Brithwald had taken possession of the See of Canterbury, and therefore probably in thc-ycar 692.

On his return to the Continent our Saint did not remain long in Frie^Iand, but passed to the territory of the Bonic- tuarii, on the right bank of tlie Rhine. Here his labours were obstructed by the incursions of the old Saxons, who laid waste the country and dispersed his flock. After this the holy man sought to end his days in retirement, and obtained from Fepin the grant of what was then an island in the Rhine, though a change in the course of the stream has now united it to the mainland. This place was then called Cxsar's island or Kaiserwerdt ; and though for a while it bore the name of Suidbert's Isle, it b now again known by its ancient appellation.

Here Suidbert founded an abbey, which he governed with great sanctity of life till his happy passage to a better country, wliich occurred about the year 713, when he was succeeded by St Willeic — supposed by some writers to be also an English- man. From that time the Saint was greatly honoured in Holland and the countries in which he had preached, and we have still extant a panegyric in his honour, preached by St Radbod, Bishop of Utrecht, who himself died in 917. In the year 162G the relics of St. Suidbert and St. Willeic were discovered at Kaiserwerdt, in a shrine of silver, and continued to be venerated there, with the exception of a few small portions given to other churches.

Sl. Bcde (lib. iv.. c. 31) ipcaks of a Suidbert. Abbot of Dane, in Ciunbci- land, in connection u-ilh a mitaelc of St. Cuthbtft : but the event occupied only three yMiH belbn ho nfoie, ind iheiefote long after the death Of St. Suidben, the Bishop. It U «aid ihai iheie was another Suidbert, called the yoaxiga, fiist Biihop of Vcrdcn, in Wcntphalia, who idled in 807. Mabillon admits the Kcount, and nyt that, like the elder Suidbert. he was both a tiaiM aad an Bngtifihinan. Hin tclie*, and those of several ol hi« 6ucc«uon, are aaid to lun« been diBCO%-cre<t in (he jreu 1630 ; but mnny wrilem distiust tb« atmy. and taie it to be a confused iTtsion of the lile of St. Suidbert. The life of St. Suidbert, profcMeJly by Harcellinui, ja an admitted totgeiy.

MAS. a.]

MENOLOGY.

95

Sl David. St. Suidbcfl.

Call. 1.3, 4.3.7. ■<>. "'jSi 4'i 3>t JU'<"'-Roin.,MoUQti>(iJd.toU«Usrd}.

59. 61. 65. 91, 93. 95. Lrg. \V. I and 1 : Chal.

Uurtt. K. L, N. 0. P. Q. R. //'■(. Bedi. v.. c to &nd 1 1.

Ltg, TmtB.. fol. 4801 C>pgT. {burnt, Ma^ill., Acia SS. Bened.. hcc iil.,

but in Cat.); Nov. Leg.. foL SlA : v^ ll..p.239lRadbod'iPane^Tic}.

Whld. Sh. ; W. t and a 1 ChaU Hist. Aogl. Sac., vol. U., p. 6ia.

THE SECOND DAY.

At L^on, iM Brit/auj; the festival of ST. JoAVAM. Bishop and Confessor. — At Lnslingham, ntar Whitby, in Yorkshirt^ tiu holy memory of St. Cedd, Confesscr and Bishop of the Bast Saxons. — At Uchficld, tJu deposition of St. Chad, Bishop and Confessor.

Sl Joana, St. Joavan is said to have been a native of ^^ri"*'' ^'*'*"*'> *"*'' to have professed the religious state Stoc. at Landevenic, in Brittany. He went, however, to Great Britain and became the disciple of St. Taul. after- wards Bishop of Leon. When the latter Saint went over to Brittany, Joavan accompanied him, and in time became his coadjutor and successor in the diocese of L^on. When released frora his chaise by a holy death, his body was conveyed to a place called Plougen, and buried under a tomb, which may still be seen there. This sej>ulchrc Is held in great veneration by the people, but the sacred relics have disappeared and can nowhere be traced. There are two parishes dedicated to St Joavan. and he is venerated in other {Kirts of Upper Bntanny. His festival is kept on the snd March.

St Cedd. St. Cedd was one of four brothers, all of

i5a' **'^'" "'^f* priests and great servants of God.

ftfet The others were Cynibill. Caelin, and the great

Sl Chad. They were Englishmen of Northumbria, instructed

in the Faith by Irisli mis.-iioners, and ordained by the Bishop

of Lindisfamc.

On the conversion of Peada, Prince of tJie Mid-Angles^

MENOLOGY.

LB. a.

St. Cedd and several other priests accompanied their Bishop, St. Finan, to preach the Gospel to that nation. Their message was heard with joy, and many embraced the Faith and were admitted to baptism. Bnt this was not to be the permanent mission of St Cedd. At this time Siycbcrt, King of Essex, also became a Chrisliail, through the pcr- .sua.H)on of his friend, Oswy of Northumbria, and asked for teachers of the Gospel to return with him to his own people. For this purpose, at the instance of Oswy, St. Cedd was recalled, and sent with another priest to the kingdom of Essex. The two missioners went about from pL-ice to place, instructed many in the Faith, and thus in a short lime col- lected a considerable number of Christian!;, after which suc- cess St Cedd betook himself to Lindisfamc to confer with St. Finan on the progress of his work.

St. Finan, hearing how God had prospered his labours, sent for two other Bishops, and consecrated St Cedd to be Bishop of the liaat Saxons. Anned with this authority, the Saint resumed his work with new vigour, ordaining priests and deacons and building churches in various parts of his diocese. Hts cliief residences were at Ythancaester, in Essex. a place now destroyed by the sea, and at Tilbur>', on the banks of the Thames, where he established monasteries and regular discipline.

For the purposes of taking a little rent and for .spiritual retreats the Saint often returned to his native province ; and it was on one of these occasions that Ethclwold, or Oidiwald, the son of St. Oswald, who then ruled in Dcira, persuaded him to accept of a site for a monastery. This gave rise to the foundation of Lastingham in a most solitary and drcarj- situation, which St Cedd chose as being best adapted to his purpose, and to this spot he delighted to pay frequent visits.

After ruling his diocese many years, he was called to attend the Conference of Whitby, assembled to discuss the various usages in matters of dis<;!]iline which prevailed in the island. The Saint's own preference was naturally in favour of the customs in which he had been edticatcd ; but when he

MAR 2.]

MENOLOGY.

97

saw that the contrary sentiment prevailed, with admirable humility- he at once conformed, and ha.stcncd to his diocese to publish the new regulations. Very soon after this he paid his last visit to Laatingham, where he was carried off by the pestilence raging at that time. On hearing the sad news, thirty of his monies from E«icx betook themselves to the abbey, resolved to spend the rest of their days by the tomb of iheir beloved father; but they too fell victims to the same malady, with the exception of one youth, who ever afler oWTMXi that his life was spared on the intercession of the Saint, as it was found that he had not then received baptism. St Cedd was buried under the open air; but later on, when a church of stone had been built, his sacred remains were honourably translated within the walls.

S<. Cbad, In his youth, St. ChaIi spent some time in

^jld"^'' Ireland in retirement and dovotion, in company 672. with St Egbert: but he returned to England, and was appointed by his elder brother, St Ccdd, to .succeed him in the government of his Abbey of Lastingham, in Yorkshire. Whilst he was there, St Wilfrid was appointed to the Sec of York, and had gone to France to receive episcopal consecra- tion ; but as he tarried long, and no tidings of his return had reached them, King Oswy induced St Chad to undertake the government of the diocese. He went to Canterbury for ordination ; but St DeusdedJt, the Archbishop, was dead, and no Bishop could be found but Wini, the pastor of the West Saxons. From him St. Chad received consecration, two Welsh Bishops having been called to assist, according to the canons.

The sanctity of Chad was at once apparent in the administration of his charge, as he was a pattern of humility and purity, of aeal for the cause of truth, and attention to sacred studies. The life of St Aidan was the exiimple he set before him ; and like him, he went about on foot from place to place in the exercise of his sacred ministry. When St Theodore, the newly -appointed Archbishop, visited Nofthumbria, he decided that Wilfrid was the lawful Bishop

S>8

MENOI.OGY.

[UAB. 3.

of York, and required the resignation of St Chad, whose ordination also he declared to be defective. The Saint received this injunction with such humility, that the Arch- bishop was greatly impressed with his holiness, and insisted that he should still he a Bishop, and himself supplied what- ever defects there were in his previous consecration. St. Chad retired in peace to Lastingham; but before long he was called by St Theodore and King Wulfherc to govern the diocese of the Mercians, to which was attached the charge of the people of Lindsay, then under the rule of the same King. He established a monastery in the latter pro\'incc, but his episcopal See was fixed at Lichtield, in which place, after giving to his flock a bright example of every virtue during two years and a half, he was called to his heavenly reward. He was carried off by the pestilence ; but before his death, received intimation of what was to come by a vision he him- self had, as well as one granted to his faithful com[»n!on Owini. Striking miracles attended his decease ; and a religious man in Ireland, who was known to him, saw his brother, St. Ccdd. come to meet him, and conduct his soul to Paradise.

Si, Joavan. Lis- Lesions in Brev. of I,*on. Hill. Lobineau, SmnM dc Bcciagnc,

vol. L, p. tjj, Motan'a Iriih Saints in Biitaln.

St. Ccrfi Cal. St. Paul'* {Camden Society}. t,tf[. Tlnm., (a\. ^li; Capgr. ^burni,

but in Cat.) ; Leg. Nov., fol. j66;

White Add.; W. I ftnd 3 {7 J«n,)i

ChaL (7 Jan.).

SI. Chad. Call. I. I. 3. 4. 5- 7. 'o. '36. '5. »^

n- 4>. 63. Marts. Rom., K. L. I, N, O, P. Q, R. Ltg, Tinm., bl. jti: Capgi. (burnt.

bui in Cai.]; Nov. Leg., fol. ijd;

Whilt. Sar.; W. 1 and a : Chal. Ritt, iji., c iS ; iv., c. j.

THE THIRD DAY.

At St. David's, and in tlu parish of Dirinon, in Brithmj', the/eslh'aIo/S,t.l^Qa^\r\,orlsO-S-H.\,themot}uro/StDafiJ. — Jn parts of England and in Brittany, the festival of St. WlNWALOC Abbot and Confessor.— At Lichfield, the cotn- tnemoration of ST. OWEN, Monk and Confasor, tiu fatthftU comfanitm of St. Chad,

'

St Nonnrta, St. Nonnita, or KoNNA, the mother of St *j^^- Da^■id. was the daughter of Brechan, Prince of North Wales, and, like all her brotlicrs and several of her sisters, professed the religious state On one occasion she left her retreat, on a pilgrimage of devotion, and was unhappily seized and exposed to the sacrilegious violence of one of the princes of the counlrj'. Thus she became the mother of the illustrious Saint, who was one of the glories of the ancient British Church, There was no doubt as to the innocence of Nonnita ; but it wits expressly revealed, as well as the sanctity of the child yet unborn, to St Gildas the elder, as he was prcachinR in a church, when she was present. She continued for the rest of her days to lead a life of penance and devotion. A chapel was dedicated to her near the Cathedral of St David's, and the three first days of March M'crc days of special devotion in honour of her son St David, his companion St Lily, and herself. In Brittany it has been a constant tradition, that she ended her life in that country, and in the parish of Dirinon. The church of that place is dedicated to St David and St. Nonnita, and there her relics arc said to be preserved. It is said that the Saint's true name was M<*larie, and that the surname of Nonna or Nun indicates her religious profession.

StWinwaloe, This Saint appears to have been bom in the *^Jld"^' ContinenUl Brittany, where he flourished in great 5>9e- sanctity ; but his parents were of Great Britain, and consequently in some paru of the island he was venerated as a Saint of the country. In some calendars wc find on this day, or on the 26th of February, Sf. Winwahru.^, Bishop, which, it is presumed, is an error of the copyist for Winwalocufi, Abbot.

St Owen, St. Owen was a native of East Anglia, and

^^' accompanied St Ethcldredn into Northumbria, in

Wot the honourable position of superintendent of her

household, when she ivas married to King Eyfrid. When

this holy Queen retired to the Monastery of Coldingham,

lOO

MENOLOGY.

[MAB.4.

many of her servants, touched by her example, resolved to embrace the religious life, and among these was Owen. He left all he had In the world, and, clothed in a plain garb, with an axe in his hand, betook himself to the Abbey of Lasting- ham, near Whitby, then under the rule of St Chad. He wished to show that he came to work, and not to spend his days in sloth ; and if less able than some to gi\'e himself to study and sacred meditation, he made compensation for it by the zealous labour of his hands. He attended St. Chad to Lichfield, when he was made Bishop of the Mercians; and, on account of his virtue and spirit of prayer, was one of the seven or eight companions admitted to the place of retreat which the Saint prepared for himself near his Cathedral Church. St, Owen was favoured with heavenly visions and other spiritual graces ; and to him was revealed, seven daj's before it took place, the glorious death of his beloved father in Christ. He was permitted to sec the bright company of ■angels who were sent to the Saint to announce, that within that space of time they would return to carry his soul to enjoy the Vision of God. [t is said that a noble church was dedicated ,to St. Owen in the city of Gloucester ; but more probably this is St. Owen, Archbishop of KouerL

SLNofinita.

Call. 84, 9J, 9i,

Hiit). IJfi: of St. David ; Life of St. Gilda*. ky Catadoc [oditcd by StcvcriMn): LobincAu, Sainia dc Breiagne, voi. 1„ ^ 53.

St. Winwaloe. Colt. 64, 65, 99, /fit/. Lobineau, Saint* de Br

St. Owen. Leg. W. I andii-Chal. Hist. Beda. tv.. c. ].; MibilL, in Vlu S. Etheldredse.

THE FOURTH DAY.

/« Wales, tlu festival of St. Gistilian.— /» Fleet Street, in the city of London, lite passion of the Vinerable CHRIS- TOPHER Bayles, Priest ami Martyr. — Aiso on the same day, at Smithficid, l/u tuarlyrdom of the Vencrabie Nicholas HORKER, Z<j/»MN/ ««</»« Gray's Inn X^nc, of the VeHera&ie A1.E.VANDER Blake, Layman.

MAB. 4.] MENOLOGV. ^P^T loi

Hv. Christy- This holy man was bom In the bishopnc of

^"m*''"" Durham, and went abroad to study, first in Rome,

^m A.b. and afterwards in the English College at Rheims.

V From the latter place he was sent to England as

a priest in the year 15S8, He devoted himself to his sacred

duties ; but within two years was captured by the officers of

the Queen. Resides the usual sufferings of a cruel imprison^

mcnt, HayLES had to endure the tortures of the rack, to

constrain him to declare where he had said Mass and who

TJere the Catholics that had sheltered him, and on one

occasion was left for twenty-four hours suspended in the air.

Though he ivas of a »vcak bodily constitution, he bore all this

with unflinching: courage. He was arraigned on the usual

charge of being a priest and coming over to England, and

ras condemned to death for high treason. The sentence was

executed in Fleet Street, over against Fetter Lane.

V. Hicholu Nicholas Hokner was a native of Yorkshire, ^""a^ **"' and 3 zealous Catholic, who had already once ^B isga before been thrown into prison for hiirbouring l^ricsts. On that occasion he had suffered so much from the ' da^np and foulness of his dungeon, that one of his legs ^inonified and had to be amputated. He was then released, ^Ptiut a second time arrested on the charge of sheltering the Manyr Bayles, and convicted of felony on this account, though liis life was offered him if he would consent to go to *c Protestant Church, which he refused to do. The night before his death Horner was overwhelmed with anguish and 't«r;bm, on betaking himself to j)raycr, he was comforted "■^ a vision of <t bright crown hanging over his head. By ** he was so strengthened in mind, that the next day he wTcred with extraordinary marks of joy.

VjAJtajufar Of the life of the venerable servant of God

^^'■■' Ai-EXANDER Blake we have no further account

■90. except that he was a layman, and condemned on

'■e tame charge with Nicholas Horner, of giving shelter to

•* priest Christopher Bayles. He was executed on the same

102

MENOLOGY.

[MAR 6, a.

day, but at a dlflTerent place, Gray's Inn Lane being the scene of his martyrdom.

St. CUUIian. Cal. S14.

Mdflyril.

Hilt. Doufly Dluks : Challoitet^ MitB. Piiesta. vol. i.

Afchiv. \Ve*tmon. . iv, , p. 536,

„ „ Chainpne7,p.877.

THE FIFTH DAY.

/« Cornwall, /A* tUposUion of St. PIRAN, Hermit and Confessor.

St Rr*ii. P[RAN, or KiERAN, was a member of one of Coaf'*' ^^^ princely houses of Ireland, who quitted hi»

Mb Centutj. country to r^pend his days in solitude in a strange land. He landed in Cornwall, and there established himself as a hermit. His sanctity and his austerity won for him tlic veneration of all around, and the Rift of miracles, with which he was favoured, brought many to seek his charitable aid. He is rt^ardcd in Cornwall as the patron of those who work in the mines, and several churches are dedicated to his honour.

Querwiu, mentioned by Whitford and WiUon an the ^h ef S*p,. and horcurcd in Scotland, i* uid by Foibcn (/fdJ. of Scottish SaiKli. p. 435) 10 be St. Piran or Cornvrall. Accori^ing to [^iinlgan {Hiit., i., ti, and ij,. if), 8L t^Mn it known in Ireland sa Kiirian uf S>i|{ii, a,iid wwi a pupil of St- Finiaa in the tisth cciiiuiy. He iKgeneiaLly ^]xlkcn otiu Biohopof Onioiy, but ibe Iiiab ■ccounis do not mention bii going to England.

asOfl : Nov. Leg. . fol. 3bja ; WbhC Add. : \V. t ai<d 3 ; Chal.

Niil. Lanigan. L, p. II: iL, p. 91.

Motan** Iriih Skinii in Britain.

Cals. 3. 13.(14.

itarli. Q (In tlibetrnia, S. Kirianli

In Cornubia, S. Pirani); Modern

IrUh Cal.

Ltg. Tliun.. fol j&i; CapgT., IbL

THE SIXTH DAY.

At Peterborough, /Ae (rans/ation of the relies of (he My Siittrs, St. Kvneburca, Widoiv, and St. Kvxeswida, Virgin, botli Abbases, and of their kinnvoma». St. Tibba, Virgin. — Al TininueJiam, in the kingdom of Ncrthumbria, the depcsitiou of St. Balther, Priest and Hertnit, Confessor.

a]

^KOLOGY.

103

St Kyoe-

bm-M.

AbbcM,

Widow,

A.O.

ST. Kyseburga, Abbess, whose relics were translated on this day fnim her Monastery of Dormancaster, otherwise called Kyncbui'g Caator, and now Castor, to the Abbey of Peterborough, together with those of her sister, St Kyncswida, and her kinswoman, St. Tibba, was tlic daughter of Pcnda of \(ercia. Though her father was a most resolute pagan to ihc end of his days, she and her sister were fervent Christians, and led a most pure and holy life. Kyneburga was married to the elder son of Oswy of Northumbria, Akhfrid, the early patron of St Wilfrid, who was himself called King, although he never succeeded his father on the throne. She prevailed on her pious husband to live with her as a brother, but vhcther from the first days of their marriage or subsequently, it does not appear. Their house is said to ha%-e been like a monastery — the home of every virtue and the school of Christian perfection. It has been conjectured that these most religious $pou.ses agreed at the same time to a complete separation, and that Alchfrid. who unaccountably disappears from the history of the times, became a monk al the time wbcn St Kyncbui^ retired to her monastery. As soon, however, as she found herself at liberty, whether by the death or consent of her hu:>band. she quitted Northumbria, returned to her native province, and enclosed herself in the monastery M Dormancaster, founded either by herself or her brothers, Wulfbere and Ethelred. Here she collected a company of Virgins, who served God in great holiness, and here she lived, herself a miracle of sanctity, and conspicuous for her watch- fulness over the spiritual welfare of those committed to her care: Her relics were translated to Peterborough, and thence to Thomcy, from fear of the Danes ; but they were again restored to the foriiier place, where the festival was kept with solemnity.

AlUiough King Pttnda obitinatcly pervcvcicd in hin hiticd aKainn Chri»- Uini^i alt hit cbildten of whom luiy cccotd li** been picMived bconie lealoui QinMisniL Hit sons u«rc Fcada. tuptised in Notlhumbria by ^i. Finan ; Wulf here, convened ax a latei datu ; and llie ihicc SaiintK, Ethclfnil. Mcicelm (of ■bom noihinK is Imown), and MetcuoJd, the tuba 61 !5t. Wcrbuig. There

rar

MFNOLOGY.

[MAR 6/

were ptobablx wily 'w daughiws. Si. Kjncbofga, the wife of Alchfrid. «id Sc Kyn«svida. iho affianced bride of Ofiji, King of Emck ; but » St. Kjrnodreda U llao mGnlioned. whg may have been the same with KjrnebiifgB, or x third *iMet »ho aJM tooit refuge at DonnaTicasiet. The relic* of xwo only arc Kpokcn of H pmawved at PEierfcoiough. Will, of Maimesb. in one place (Arf.. l, J 74) Tiameii K>-nebutEa and Kyncswida "ambas uncu c«ntincntia piieccUcnwti" and in another place Kyncswldn and KyneBdrnda, Virgins, " qux ainb« ib infintia Deo dicata; nobllc propositum uivetunt ad nenium ". It is *uppo»cd by »om« uTiteru, though the evidence ix not concluiii'e, ibiat Iteforc their Kpirttion Alchfrid and Kj-nebutga wcic the patent* of at least two childten— 0»ric, who ■wu jLflcrwudx King of Noithumbfia, and St. Riimn-old, who died in in(anc>-. Latei writer* speak of two Other sisters, whom they alM call Sunts and AbbCMCSOf the tame houae^^Edbuiga and Eve, or Wcda; but their exlaicnc« is Vfry doubtful, and it may be observed that Weda Is ihe name giwn by Maltnesbufy and others to Pcadai. the ton of Penda. Another ilaugbter of Fcnda. ^ViibuIga. is (aid to be the wife of FiithwalO of Surrey, and by him tbc mother of St. Oaith, and perhap* of Edburga and Edith of Ayle*bur>-.

St Kpie- The sacred remains of St. Kyneswida were 'an'dAbb^" ^'"^"*'^**^'^ *** Peterborough from DormancaatCf,

7th Cent- together with those of her sister Kynebui^a or Kynedrecia, and her kinswom.in Tibba. Kyne- swida was the younger daughter of King Penda, and from her early days had devoted herself to a life of holy virginity. Nevertheless, her brother King Wulfliere had affianced her to Offa, the young King of the East Saxons, who had begun his reign with every prospect of earthly happiness, greatly beloved by his own people, and from his jjniccful person and wirjning manners dear to all. When the time came to claim his bride. St. Kyneswida, firm in her religious purpose, commended her cause to Mary, the Queen of Virgins, and with her aid so forcibly represented to Offa the excellence uf the more perfect way, that he not only left her to follow the divine inspiration, but himself, touched by an extraordinary grace of God, forsook his kingdom and retired to Rome, to embrace tlie religious state at the shrine of the Apostles. Kyneswida withdrew to Dormancastcr, and there, in company with her sister, consecrated herself to a life of Christian perfection. She succeeded St. Kyncburga as Abbess, and persevered in her holy course to the end of her days.

MART]

MENOLOGY.

lOS

St Tibba, St. TiBflA was the kinMvoman of the holy Tth'^j^t. '*'st"^> St Kyncburga and St. Kynesw-ida. and with them served God in the religious state in the Mooasteiy of Dorroancaster. Her deposition was on the 13th of December, hut her fe!tivat was kept on the 6th of March, the day on which her relics »vere translated to Peter- borough, tt^cther with those of her saintly relatives.

St BaHher. St. Bai.ther, who has sometimes been con- ^^;0^*'*^"'foiindcd witli the Scottish Saint. Baltlred, was a 7SS- priest, who led the life of an anchorite at Tininga- bam, in Northumberland. His hermitage was on a solitary rock almost encompassed by the sea. There he endured fierce assaults from evil spirits, but by the grace of God was ever victorious, and various miracles were wrought through his prayers. He rested in the I-ord on the 6th of March. A.D. 756k when Edbert was King of Northumbria and Cyniwulf Bishop of Lindisfamc. In the reign of Canute, the Dane, the relics of St. llaJthcr, or a portion of them, were translated to Durham, in consequence of a vision of the priest Elfrcd.

Stmedn give* the day of BaJthcr'a dcpontion, /<rU. iwn. Mart., which Hcms 3\*o 10 be the fachn] oT St. Bildml in the ScottUh CalendM. The AbdfUoi iuid Aibuthnol Cilcndaik pUcc on the tanic Any St. Oaldretl. Uimhop tad Confcuot.

SS. Kyncbui^. Kynawido, Bnd Tibb*.

ca.8.

Umrts. L. M. Q.

L*f, Timiti., (bl. i9k ; Cafigt., (ol.

i;j4 ; Nov. Leg., fol. au" i WhU£

M4 . W. I and a.: Chal. Unit, he4a, v.,c. 19: Malmeab. Keg.,

L, J74; Pool.. It.. J 160.

St. Biiltlici. Marti. M. Q. Leg. Chal. (ig Ftb-f, Hill. Alcuin'n McUkul t^iTU. v«ite

[319 (Gji1&. ii.. p. 716).

Simeon Dundm. (T-wysd. COI..«!.i3lV Lib. Vit* Ecclen. Duneiin. (Sutiees. vol. Kiii., Pl 6/.

THE SEVENTH DAY.

Al Monkawearmouth, /« DurAam, the deposiiioH of ST.

ESTERWiNL, Ahht^t and Cvn/tssGr.—Ai Assisi, in Umbria^

Ui4 koly memory 0/ BLESSED WiLLIAM the Englishmen, Cm*-

fissor, otu 0/ llu twtlve eomfmnions of thi Serafihic Patriarch,

[MAR. 7.

SL Francis. — At Tyburn, the passion of the Blesxtd JOHN Lakke, Priest and Rictor of Chelsea, who suffered martyrdom in the reign of King Henry VITI. — A/soofrhe/UcssetiJERiixy Gardiner, who gave his lift for the Faith about the same time.

St Ewier- Easterwine was a kinsman of St. Benedict

AbTcolif I^'scop, and like him had spent his early >*cars in

A^. the Court of the King of Northumbria. But his

thoughts were soon turned to a higher purpose,

and he betook himself to the newly-founded Monastery at

Wearnututh, At once he forgot the nobility of his birth and

the honours he had enjoyed in the world. He strove to make

himself like his brethren in all respects. He was ready to

share all their labours at the plough, in the nnill, or at the

forge; but above all, he was a pattern to them in his strict

observance of religious discipline, lie was sound in body

and of goodly presence. His open look and sweet speech

manifested the cheerful peace of his soul.

St. Benedict, -whose many duties at home and abroad obliged him to be often absent from his monastery, deputed Easterwine to hold his place in the government of the hou<tc ; but this promotion made no change in his mode of life. As Abbot, he was watchful to correct abuses and punish trans- gressions of the Rule ; but he was still more careful, by timely admonitions, to prevent the necessity of all sc\-erity. He govcraed the Monaster}' of St Peter for four years, and was seized with his last sickness while his father, Sl Benedict, was piiying his final visit to Rome.

Though forewarned of his approaching end, he lay in the common dormitory of the brethren till within four days of his death. He then allowed himself to be taken to a more retired spot, to give his last moments to God alone, ^s a loving father, he gave the kiss of peace to all his children, and went to his heavenly reward, as they were singing tlic night office on the nones of March. St Easter- wine was buried at the entrance of the church ; but his relics were afterwards translated, together with those of his suc- cessor* St Sigfrid, and laid beside his father, St Benedict,

I

MAB. 7.] MENOLOGY. 107

before the altar of St. Peter, under the direction of the Abbot, St Ceoirrid

B. wiiuun, William the Engluhman was chosen by St.

^^' Francis to occupy the piAce of John a Capella, 031. who unhappily fell from his holy vocation. William was so conspicuous for his pift of miracles, that Brother Elias, out of a prctcndcil zeal for the honour of St Francis, forKiilc him to work any more. He appears to have died at Assisi in the year 1232.

Wtllain b called BlttuJ iry Ludi>vicu> Jocobillii in hU Saints of U^hria, >nd bjr othci »uthoi>i; but tlic Bollondint writer nay* he could find nocvidcncc of ealttit 11 Astiii. Ii hss been conjectured that WilliBm the pwit, imentioncd bf Whitford on the and of MMch, may be William the F^anciKan ; but In that OM, WbitTotil t« in enor in MyinK"iii the time of the Rmpetoi Heniy 111 ". Pdhaptit (houldbe, "timcef lleniylll., King of England".

B. Jofcn The BImscd JOHN LaRKE was venerable for

Prii^M ■ '''* y*^**^' '^ ^'^l' ^ f'^'" **'* holiness, when called

B. Jerinyo upon to lay down his life for his Divine Master.

A.D. So early as the year 1 504 he was appointed rector

^SM- of St Eihclburga's, in Bishopsgate Street, and

liter held the benefice of Woodford, in Essex. In 1 630, Sir

Thomas More, then Lord Chancellor, presented him to the

iector>- of Chelsea, the parish of his own residence, which is a

proof of the esteem he bad for his character. The blessed

Wan could never be persuaded to accept the oath of the

King's spiritual supremac>', or to sacrifice his conscience to

preserve his life and his benefice. In consequence, he was

attainted, and suffered death in company with others who were

Martyrs in the same cause

In the life of the Blessed Thomas More, it is said that " Sir Thomas's death so wreiu^ht in the mind of Doctor Learkc, his own parish priest, that he, followinji the example of his own sheep, afterwards suffered a most famous martyrdom in the same cause of supremacy ".

The Blessed JEKMVN Gardiner, secretary of the Bishop of Winchester, also suffered martyrdom for the like reason, and near the same time. It is uncertain whether he was a priest

loS

MENOLOGY.

[MAS. 8.

or a layman. Ottier sufierers for the Catholic religion in the same year were the Venerable John Ireland, priest, and the Venerable Thomas Ashbev. We also meet with the names of John Risby, Thomas Rich, and James Singleton; but particulars of their condemnation are wanting, and Stowe attributes the dcatli of Singleton to some other chaise.

St. William. Ltg. Chal.

Hiit. Boll., t vol. of Much. p. (inter PtiWciniis*.).

Martyrs. Hht. Sander, tie Schism., i., C I&

Si. Estcnvine. Ltg, Tinm.. fol. 966; Capgr-i fol.

103^; Nov, L.cg., fol. IJ5*: Whitf.

Add.; W. a; Chal. Hftl. Vila Abb. Anon. (E(L Sicvonson) Vit. Abb,

[Eng. Tians., p, 155. and note). Stowo; Hollinshed. Modem Briiisb MaitxioloKyfp. 118).

THE EIGHTH DAY.

At Llanrhyian, in Pembrokeshire, the ftsHx'ai of SiV. RiAN. or RheanUS, Bishop and Cenfessor, tcwAom the chunk of tka place is dedicated, and rohose ntittte is found on this dny in tut ancient Welsh calendar. — At Dunwich, in Suffolk, tk* depositUm efSr. Fel[X, Bishop and Confessor.

St. Felix, Bp. St. Felix was a native of Bui^undy, and was *"*'a'd^ ' 3'''s**^y consecrated Bishop, when his zeal for tlie 466. spread of the faith brought him to England, that he might share in the work of the conversion of our ancestors. He explained his wish to St. Honorius, the Archbishop of Canterbury, and was advised by him to bctaltc himself to East Anglia. where the pious King St Sigcbert was labour- ing for the conversion of his people. The Saint established his See at Dunwich, in Suffolk, and forth^vith began his apostolic work. So great was the success with which God favoured him that, after an episcopate of seventeen years, when he was called to the rc^va^d of his' labours, the whole province w.is found to be Christian. St. Felix was buried at Dunwich, but afterwards translated to Sehain, near Ely, and finally, many years later, to Ramsey Abbey.

WAR. 9, 10.] S>. Rian.

MENOLOGY.

109

St. Felix. Call. 8. 19. ii, 4a, 8j. 44, 5B, SOh UirU. Rom.. L. M. N, Q. S. jLiy. Tinm., fol. 6oi>-, Ci^igr., fol.

11411 Nov. Leg., fol. i46a-,Wbitr.

Su. ! \V. I and 2 : ChaJ. Hi$l, Bcda, ii, c. tb.

THE NINTH D.\Y.

At York, tJu commemoralion of St. Bo.<>a, Bis/up and Cmftssor.

St. Bon, St. Bosa, Bishop of York, was one of five dis-

^'"aS"*^" tiig"'^*^'* prelates who were brought up at the 705. Abbey of Whitby, while it was under the govern- ment of St Hilda. When St. Wilfrid was driven from his Sec, the diocese of Northumbria was divided between the provinces of Bcrnicia and Dcim, and fiosa was consecrated by St. Theodore. Archbishop of Canterbury, to take charge of the southern portion, making the city of York the place of his residence He exercised this authority for about eight years, in such a manner as to merit the title of a most holy prelate and beloved of God. and on the restoration of St. Wilfrid, retired in peace of soul to his monastery at Whitby. It was not long, however, before St. Wilfrid was again banished, and Bosn once more called to the .superintendence of the Church of York. In this office he continued till the end of his days ; for about the time of St. Wilfrid's final recall and acceptance of the See of Hcxh.im, St. Bosa was sum- moned to his reward in heaven, and was succeeded at York by St. John of Beverley.

Lc^. W. 1 and 2: ClioL

Hia, Beda, iv,, c. u. 13; v„ & 3.

THE TENTH DAY.

At Mayo, in Inlaxd, Ou eomitufHorathn of St. GeraLD. A^t and Conftisor.

no

MENOLOGY.

[WAR 11.

A.D.

St CenU, \Vhen St Colman retired from hu See in **''^^'^'Xorthumbria, A.D. 6O4, he was accompanied by a number of monks from Lindisfamc — all the Irish who were there, and about thirty Englisli. St. Gerald was either one of these, or one who followed him at a later date. On reaching Ireland, St Colman had at first placed his whole community in the [stand of Innis-Boffin, but af^er a time had found it expedient to separate the two nationalities, and establish the English at Mayo on the main- land, himself continuing Abb<it of both monasteries. In the course of time, St. Gerald became Abbot of the English house, and brought to such perfection the holy course of discipline there established, that it enjoyed for many years the reputation of a most religious and flourishing community, and is said to have given to the Church no fewer tlian 100 Saints. After a long and saintly life, Sl Gerald was called to his eternal reward in the year 732. It was, therefore, before hi$ death that, as St Bcdc testifies, the monks of Mayo had adopted the Roman usage, with regard to the com- putation of Eastct and the monastic tonsure. In some Irl5h histories, but not the most authentic, St Gerald is called Bishop, and mention is made of St. Segretia, an Abbess, who is said to have been a sister of his, and therefore a natl\'e of England. The most prudent writers, however, hesitate to accept this narrative, as being confused and, for several reasons, vcrj' doubtful, together with what relates to St. Gerald's reputed brothers, who arc called Ballon, Blriket. and Hubriton.

Lfg. Chal. (ij Much), LaniKan'l Eccl. Hist, liL, p. i66l

Hitt. B«dB,iv.,c. 4.

THE ELEVENTH DAY. Ai Govan, in Scotland, llu festrifal of St. CoNSTANTlNE, Martyr, a British print*. — At T)'ncmouth, the finding of tfu sacred rr/ks of St. Oswin, King and Martyr, whost passion is celebrated on the 20th of August. — At York, the blesscti Martyrdom of ThOMAS Atkinson, Priest, who suffered in thf rtign of fames J.

MAR 11.]

MENOLOGY.

Ill

SLCoa- St. Constastine. King and Martyr, was a

kS^**M I^f't'sh prince, said to have been King of Corn-

6th Cent. wa)l. He resigned his crown, and was ordained

priest. Constantfnc is reported to have arrircd

in Scotland at the same time as St. Columba, to have Founded

a monastery at Govan. to have preached to the Scots and

Ptcts, and to have converted the district ot Cantyrc to the

Faith. Me ended his course by man)Tdoin.

It tppcm to be doubtftd vrhEihn he ww or \ru not the aanc ConMUitlnc of Cornwall, a^aintt vrho*c cnormout «ime«Sl. GildaiM loudly >nveigl».

V. Tbotnu The Venerable THOMAS ATKINSON wa.1 a * A-D*""' TiAU\c of Yorkshire, who went to the College at iftrt. Rhcims to study for the priesthood- After his oidination he returned to his own country, and soon became known to the Catholics as one of the most eminent and holy oiissioners of the time. He had the charge of a vast district, and was obliged to travel by night from place to place, which be always did on foot. Often he would pass the whole night in ibe exercise of his functions ; and often, when, from fear of discovery, he could not be received into a house, he would remain in some stable or barn, almost perishing from wet and cold. In these labours, which lasted for twenty-eight years and until he had reached the age of seventy, Thomaa Atkin- son was supported by a special gift of prayer and gave evidence of a most saintly life. At length he was arrested in the house of a Catholic gentleman, and hurried to prison. The irons which were fastened on him miraculously fell off from him, while the servant of God was in prayer, as the gaoler himself attested to the President of the North, in answer to his investigation. No proof could be ])roduccd against him ; but because he would not deny that he wa.s a priest, and because some blessed beads were found upon him, he was condemned to death for high treason. Before his apprehen- sion he had a vision of our Blessed I.^dy, who assured him that he should glorify Iter Son by his dciith. This promise was futfilted in the patience and constancy, with which he bore the horrors of his execution, which took place at York. A pardon

TI2

MENOLOGY.

[MAR. 12.

was offered to him if he would take the oath set forth by King James.

I»t. CunMamine. Colt. 4, 7.

C*g, Aberdeen Bicviary ; Chai. Hift. Gild.-iL (Gale, ii., p. 10); Vtttdiin

(G»I«, ii., p. 6j7)i Lanlgin, li,,

p. IO5-

Sl. Oawin. Cali. ij h and t, 23. 37, 98. MarU. O.

Ven. Thomdt Ailcineon. Hill. Chaltonci'ii Mix*. Pr>«3t>,vol, !i. Aichiv. Wtiimon., kv., p, 331.

THE TWELFTH DAY. ./4/ Ocismor, now calUd St. Pol-dc-Lrfon, in Brittany^ tht tlrp&sitio^ of St. PaUI., Cenfesior. and first Bis/top of that city. — In Rome, iht dtposition of^v. Gkkgorv the Gkeat, Pope, Confessor, Doctor of the Churchy and Aposllt of the En^isk— Al Winchester, the dfpoiitien of St. Elphege the tldir, Bisfiop and Confessor.

St P«uld« St. Paul was a native of Great Britain, and Bp Colif ^°" "'^ Porphius, a man of distinguished rank in A.D. his own country. While he was yet young, his ^^^ father placed him under the care of St. Iltut, and he was educated in his celebrated monaster}', together with St. David, St. Samson, St Gildas. and other virtuous com- panions. When but sixteen years of age, Paul, with the consent and blessing of the holy Abbot, retired to a solitary spot, where he btiilt a cell and an oriitory. and for many years led an anyelic life of continual prayer and praise, and study of the Holy Scriptures. At the proper age he received the priesthood and twelve other priests put thcm.selves under his guidance, and lived in cells nciir his own. This tranquil life was interrupted by the invitation of one of the British princes, to come and rcforra and evangelize his people, which the Saint did not feel at liberty to refuse. His success was so great, that both Wing and j^eoplc wished to have him for their Bishop ; but tvhile Paul was praying to be delivered from this burden, it was revealed to him that his destination wiLs jn a foreign land. In order to carry out this divine call, as soon as occasion served, he toolc sail with his twelve com- panions, and arrived in Brittany.

MAR la.]

MENOLOGY.

113

Their first settlement was in an island cm the coast, where they lived in great poverty, but in perfect contentment, till they were invited to visit tlic prince of the country, named Withur, who gave them the island of Baz. a league distant from the mainUnd. St Paul would fain have ended his life in this retreat; but the rumour of his sanctity spread far and wide, and the people of the mainland clamoured to have him for Ihcir bishop, and obtained the approbation of KingChildebert on their choice.

When all resistance was found to be useless, Paul at length yielded, and was consecrated Bislwip, his See being fixed at Ocismor, a place which, in memory of him, is now called St Pol-dc-L6on. Sl Paul lived to, an advanced age, but resigned his pastoral charge before his death to one of his disciples, and retired to his monastery in the Ule of Baz. There he lived several years, at the head of a fervent community of religious, continuing, notwithstanding the burden of his years, to afflict his body with penitential exercises, while he refreshed hts soul with continual contemplation. Among other gif^s, he was favoured with that of prophecy in a remarkable degree, predicting the incursions of the Norman pirates and the con- test for the possession of his own relics. He had a small cell near the abbey to which he was accustomed to retire ; and it was in that spot, after a night spent in prayer, when he was beginning to take a little repose, that an angel came to tell him that the hour of hb release was at hand.

The next morning he announced the good tidings to his brethren, and, having taken leave of them in a few affectionate words, received the Lord's Body, and so gave up his soul to Cod. The people of tlie city and those of the island disputed warmly for the keeping of his body, and it was only by a miraculous intervention that he wa^ allowed to be carried to his cathedral. Several translations have since taken place ; but Che church of his See is now in possession of his head and other notable relics.

r. The admirable holiness of this great Pontiff, "the benefits which hb rule conferred on the whole Church, and the light which his learned writings 8

114

MENOLOGV.

[MARIS.

have thrown on the Holy Scriptures and the doctrines of the Faith, arc well known, and form an important chapter of ecclesiastical histor/. ticrt: it is enough to speak of his singular love of our nation, and his unwearied zeal for the conversion of our forefathers, which have made him, "if not to others, at least an Apostle to us. who are the seal of bis apostoiate in the Lord" (i Cor. ix. 2).

The sympathy of St Gr^ory for the heathen conquerors of Britain was first won by the sight of certain youlI»s from Deira in the slave market of Rome. He was then a simple monk in his own Monastery of St Andrew : and in his ardent desire, that these Angles might become Angels as he expressed it, by their conversion to the Faith, he hastened to the I'opc to offer to undertake the misiiion himself The Pope was willing, but the people of Rome would not sufler the Saint to leave the city, on so distant and perilous an undertaking. For the time he was obliged to abandon the project, but it was not forgotten, and no sooner was he elected to the Chair of St. Peter than he began to devise plans for the benefit of England.

He wrote to Candidas, the agent of the estates of the holy See in Gaul, to purchase such English youths as might be oflTered for sale, in order to have them instructed in the Faith, and to take care that a priest travelled with them, to give them baptism, in case of necessity, on the journey. When he had organised the great mis-sion of St. Augustine and his nume- rous companions from the Monastery of St Andrew, he sent tliem furnished with letters of the warmest recommendation to the Bishops and sovereigns of the countries they were to pass through. When the courage of many failt-d in conse- quence of the reports they heard while in Provence, and Sl Augustine returned to Rome for instructions, Gregory wrote to encourage and command them to prosecute the uoder* taking.

When he heard of their hopeful beginnings and the conversion of Ethclben, he wrote to Eulogius, the Patriarch of Alexandria, calling on hira to rejoice in the mercy of God, and to thank him for the baptism of no fewer than ten

MAR 12.]

MENOLOGY.

lis

thousand souls, which had taken place in Kent at the Christmas festival. To this great Pope the conversion of England was a work of predileclion, and he never ceased to interest himself in it. He furnished St Augustine with minute direction;! for the treatment of the cunvert», and the settlement of many difficult cases of conscience. He sent him the archiepiscopal paliium. and arranged for the division of the country into various diocese*;. He wrote in terms of affectionate congratulation to King Ethclbcrt, and exhorted him to labour for the entire conversion of his people.

In ever>* letter he showed the greatest prudence, the greatest charity for the weak, and the greatest firmness in all that the Christian Faith and Christian morality required. This glorious Saint was called to his e%-erlasting reward, as it seems, a little more than a year before his beloved disciple, St. Augustine, went to join him in heaven. His jacred remains lie in the Church of St Peter, under an altar near the entrance of the sacristy.

St aphegc St. Elphece was called " the Elder," or " the Btof^S' ^^'*''" *^ distinguish him from the holy Martyr A.D. of the same name, who was also Bishop of Win- ■ Chester, before he was promoted to the Sec of Canterbury. On the death of St. Birstan, Elphege was chosen to succeed him as Bishop of Winchester, He was a man of singularly holy life, and was distinguished for his loany virtues and supernatural graces, among which one of the mast prominent was the gift of prophecy. One very remarkable occasion on which this was manifested was imme- diately after he had conferred tlie priesthood on St. Dunstan, St Ethelwold. and a tliird monk named Ethelstan. After the sacred rite was concluded, he %vas enlightened to see the future career of these men, and foretold the virtues, the dignities, and the services to the Church of the two former, as well as the miserable fall and vicious life of the unhappy Ethelstan. St. Elphege ruled his diocese several years, and was buried in his cathedral church, where his sacred relics reposed with the remains of his saintly predecessors.

Il6

MENOLOGY.

[MAR. 13.

<;t. Paul de Lion. Hart. H (tronalAtion). Lig. Proper of many Brcviwies of llriiui))>; Whitf, Add. (ll March) j Chal. Hiil. Lobineau. Saint* de Btctagne. i., p. 169. ^t. Gregoiy.

Marl. Rom.

teg. W. i«nd2; Chal. Uitl. Beda, i., c. az, tl iiq. ; 11., c. L Sl OccKory'i Lettera in Hsddoti and Stubba.

St. Elphege. Call. 14, 15, 16,

Af.irtt. L. M, H. Q, B.

Ltg. Whitf.; W. t and >i CluL (I Sept.).

Niil. Malmesb. Pont., ii.. | 75.

Simeon Dunclm.iGcft, Keg. (Twyid.

Col. 156). Cballoner'e Brilaii. Saci., ^'OL i.

THE THIRTEENTH DAY.

At Ifu Castle of St Helen, in Sav<y, the dtposiiion of the Blessed Boniface, Arclibishap of Canterbury, and Confessor.

B. Boniface, The Blessrd Bo»riFACE belonged to the AD illustrioiis house of the Counts of Savoy, and was 1270. grandson of the Blessed Humb<:rt. His love of virtue and great piety v/as manifest in his earliest years, and when age permitted it, he withdrew from all tlic worldly honours which his station offered, and retired to the Grande Chartreuse, the Carthusian monastery near Grenoble. At once he began to devote himself to the acquisition of evan- gelical perfection and sound studies ; but he had not com- pleted his novitiate when, against his wish, he was sent to rule the Monastery of Nantua.

As soon as possible he resigned the charge and returaj^H to the Chartreuse, though, to his deep regret, he %vas obli^ff by obedience once more to leave, and undertake the adminis* tration of the dioceses of Belley and Valence. Boniface was a relative of the Queen of England, Eleanor, wife of Henry III., and on the death of St. Edmund, they were desirous that he should be his successor. To this the Chapter willingly acceded, and Boniface readily obtained the conArmation of I'opc Innocent IV., whom he visited at Lyons. Boniface governed the See for 25 years, and performed all the duties of a vigilant pastor, being especially distinguished for his great

UAB.14.]

rENOLOGY.

W7

charity to the poor. The purity of his own life and his humility arc said to have been conspicuous.

He died at the Castle of St. Helen, during a visit to his native land, and was buried in the tomb of his ancestors at Altacomba, id the year 1270. Three centuries after his death bis body was found incorrupt, and God was pleased to glorify His servant by many miracles- From that time the devotion of the people never ceased, and all r^arded him as a Saint o( God. In the year 1838, the cause wa.*: examined by the Sacred Congregation of Rites, and a decree issued by Gregory XVI., recognising the worship paid to him from time im- memorial, and giving him the title of Blessed.

Matthew Psa'a icprc*en(* ihc cbaiactci of Bloscd Bcaifiue in an un&vwu- able liehl. as twing aibitiary and «ven onjutt : and hi* conduct in Ihc vltitaiLon of St. Buth»1o«acw'ii. In London, would occin xo haw bocn., in reality, too huty, W the Pope obliged him to wilhdi&w the excomniUDicAtion he had iwwcd atcainit some of the cornmcniiy, iStct thcii appeal 10 Rome. On the othn band, anothci cluoniclci, W^kcs, tpealu of bini in the moil laudalory tecmi: "He wu a man of adndnUe timpliciiy. tbougb not very learned, nhowed noderaiMn in ha Itle. iplided hirewlf by the counMl of the vriseM men. hTinible. chute, modcsi, and a moa\ liberal helper or ilie poor". Even hit gicUeit opponents acknowledge hia aingulai gooAnett to the poor. Some uy thai Bonilace t*a« only in lob-dcacon't oiden when he arrived in England, but Othcn thai be w» conMcnucd by the Pope at I.yona. Probably the latter Is a idciake fat MmJirmaHen of hi* election, which he certainly obtained on that occasion.

Ltg. Proper odkc used at Cliam-

Wry. Hilt. Thom <Twyaden. Col. 1893). ', Barton Annala (Gale, vo] i.), p. 311.

Wykca (Oale, voL iii.}, pp. 43, 93. Waverley Annals {Gale, \<ol. iii.], p.

THE FOURTEENTH DAY.

W/ f/itr Abbey of Battle, it* Sussex, the hofy tntmorjf of OdO, Abbot anJ Cffft/essor,

Odo. Abbot Orx3 was the Prior of Christchurch, in Cantcr-

^^-' bur>', when business connected with his office

laoo! obliged him to go to the Court at Woodstock.

"*^'" It was then that some of the monks of Battle,

vho had been summoned by the King, first saw him, and

lis

MENOLOGY.

[UAB.1GL

were so edified by his piety and learning that they induced their community to choose him as AbboL Odo, whose English name was Wood, had also the recommendation of being a friend of St Thomas of Canterbur>' and of John of Salisbury. Some of his writings, a commentary of the I'salms, and part of the first Book of Kings, remained in the h'brar)- until the time of the suppression. He was buried in a marble tomb in the Abbey Church, and after his death was venerated, at least in that place, as a Saint. His life was written and kept at the Abbey, but is now lost Hist, Lclond. Collect., lit,, p. 6S. Dugdalc Mongot. iu., p^ 235.

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

A f York, tlu glorious martyrdom 0/ tlu Blessed WILLIAM Hart, Priest, who suffered dentil, by reason of his sacred e/taracfert in the reign of Elisabeth.

B. WilUani WiLLlAM Hart was born at Wells, in Somer- **^jj**"' set, and went for hi.s education to Oxford, where 1583. he was distinguished for early proficiency in his studies ; but, on the ground of religion, he forsook the prospects opened to him, went abroad, and resumed his course at Rhcims and aflcnvards at Rome. At the latter place he was ordained priest, and sent thence on the English Mission, the field of his labours being the city of York and its neighbourhood. Here William Hart soon became con- spicuous for his zeal, his learning, and his persuasive words, but, above all, his piety and his Christian perfection. Great was his charity for all the poor and afflicted, but especially for the prisoners in York gaol, whom he visited continually. The first time he was arrested he contrived to escape, but a few months later was again seized, while asleep in bed. His trial turned on his priesthood, which was declared to be treason, and his condemnation followed according to the usual form, ^^'hile in prison, and also at the time of his execution, he was persecuted by the controversies of the Protestant ministers ; but nothing could disturb the peace of

UAB.ie.]

"MENOLOGY.

"9

his sout, and he died with sin^lar marks of cheerfulness and devotion. Though the officers did al] ia their power to pre- vent it, some of the Catholics present were able to carry away various relics <^ his bones, his blood, and portions of his clothes, which they kept with great veneration as prccioiLs treasures.

Mill. ArcUv. WaunoB.,«iol. iii., p. Dousy Diuick.

237; )v.. P.A5. BiidgvatcT, p. 104.

ClURipRcy, p. 776. CluJlonci, vol i.

THE SIXTEENTH DAY.

At York, tAe fictssi&n ef (At vtntrabU servant of God, John AmiaSj^z-Johs Kvi^S^. Priest,who oh thh day glorified Ccd by martyrdom. — Also of t/u VemrnbU RoiiERT Dalby, or DkI/RV, Pritst, who iu0ertd at the same time and plate, and for the same holy cause.

V. John John Amias was bom in Yorkshire, and after

^"Jjfj_ ■• studying and receiving Orders at Rhcims, returned 15^ as a missioner to his native county in tJie year 1 58 1. Wc have no particulars of his labours ; but after con- tinuing them during seven or eight years, he fell into the hands of the persecutors in the year 15S9. Dr. Antony Champnc}', who was a young man at the time, was a witness of his death antl that of his fellow-Martyr, Robert Dalby. He was so impressed by their meekness and the constancy of their faith, that the recollection of it was never effaced from his mind. John Amtas was beginning to address the assembled people, and explain that it was for rclij^iDn, and not treason, that he suffered, but was not allowed to proceed. He therefore recommended his soul to God, and prayed for his murderers, and accepted death with joy. By an unusual act of clemency, he wn<i allowed to hang till he was dead, and the rest of the fearful sentence was executed on his dead body.

V. Robert Robert Daltiv, sometimes called Dritrv, DfcJbiNM.. ^gg g native of Durham, and a student of the i5i>» English College at Rhcims. He was sent on the

120

MENOLOGY.

[MAR 17.

Mission in ijSS ; but the period or his labours was short, as he was seized in the foMowing year, and condemned to death for his priestly character, together with John Amias. He died with signs of the greatest fortitude ; and Dr. Champney relates that though the attendants did all in their power to keep the Catholics from approaching the remains of the Martyrs, a certain woman made her way through the crowd, and kneeling douTi, with hands joined and eyes uplifted to heaven, expressed an extraordinary affection and devotion in words, which he was unable to distinguish, until she was forcibly carried away from the spot

Hilt Douay DiarLu ; Challoncr't Acchiv. WcBtmoa., viii,, p. 337 ; MiiUL Piinu, vgU i Cbtmpiie)', p. 867.

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY.

At Down, in Irtlandy tkt deposition of St. Patrick, Bishcfi and Con/essffr, the grtat ApcsiU 0/ Ireland.

St. Patrick. St. Patrick has himself recorded tliat he wasi A.lT' ' l>orn in Britain, and appears lo have been of 4^ mixed Roman and British parentage. Wliethcr the place of his birth was in Great Britain or in Continental Brittany remains an unsettled point of controversy ; but the prevailing opinion seems to be that it was Kilpatrick, near Dumbarton, in what was then the British territory of Strath- clyde. This opinion is at least sufficiently probable to allow us to count him among the great Saints, natives of our island. St Patrick was twice carried captive by pirates coming from Ireland. Tlie first time he was quite a boy, and he endured a long servitude, yarding his master's herds ; but his second capture lasted only a short time. It was during these periods of exile that he conceived the ardent wish to see the people of Ireland brought to the Christian Faith. To this end all his thoughts and prayers were inces-santly directed ; yet he went through a lony preixiration before he felt himself called to undertake the work. He spent some time on the Continent of Europe, visiting St. Martin, who is said to have been a

MAR la]

MENOLOGY.

131

relative of his, and St. German of Auxerrc, and at length received his mission for the apostolic work from Pope St Cclcstinc. When, therefore, St Palladius withdrew from Irdand, after but scanty success, St. Patrick, whom God had appointed for the glorious undertaking, was ready to take his place. By his means the Gospel uas rapidly spread through- out the country. The sanctity and austerity of his life, his tender charity and innumerable miracles, overcame all opposi- tion ; and the great apostle had the consolation of seeing well planted the deep roots of that Faith, which was to distinguish his children in successive ages, and the land of his adoption in a feir way to cam the glorious title of the Island of Saints. St Patrick founded various cpiscopa] dioceses, held councils, and established his Metropolitan See at Armagh. It was at Down that, after his long labours, at a very advanced age. he gave up his soul to God, and was invited to his great reward.

UfU. Rom., A. C, F, D, O, K. L, N. P. Q, R.

L*^. Tintn., M. em; Capgt., fol. liSb: Nov. LcE.. fol. 150&; Whhf. Sm.; W. I and 3.; Ch»L

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY.

Af Wareham, in Dorsttshire, tfu passion of St. Edward, King and Martyr. — At Lancaster, the blessed martyrdom of tlu vcmrabk servants of God,\Ql\^ Thulik, /'r/«r,aw(/RoCER WreNNO, layman, -who suffered for the faith under King fames I.

St Edward, St. Edward Was the eldest son of Edgar '''"SLd.*"" ^y '"'^ ^^"^ *^'*^^' EtJi'fleda, daughter of Ordmar. 974 At tlic death of his fatlier he was but thirteen years of age, and was acknowledged King, through the in- fluence of St Dunstan, notwithstanding the ujiposition of his stepmother, who desired the promotion of her own son, and a party of the nobility, uho took her side. Edward reigned but three years and a half, during which period he gave a bright example of piety and purity of life, ;ind by his sweet disposi- tion gained the hearts of his people. By reason of his youth,

«tS3

MENOLOGY.

IMARia

the Rovcmment was left in the hands of his stepmother and her council : but this temporary exercise of power did not satisfy the ambition of Elfthrytha, and she resolved, on the first opportunity, to remo^-e this obstacle to her wicked designs. The young King had been hunting in the forest, and on his retuni, as he passed near Corfe Castle, where his brother, who was only seven years of age, resided with his mother, resolved to pay him a visit, and for this purpose left his attendants and rode on alone. Elfthr>'tha saw him approach, and tliinking that the moment had arrived for the execution of her project, communicated her intention to one of her accomplices, who xvas at hand, and went out to receive (he prince. Edward refused to alight from his horse, as he had only come to see his brother for an instant, but con- sented to accept the refreshing draught which the Queei offered him. As he stooped to take the cup from her hand^^ the assassin, who .•itood by, plunged his dagger through the lung of tile innocent youth. He did not fall immediately, but used all his strength to spur on hi.s horse to join his com- panions. Soon, however, one foot slipped, and by the other he was dra^jjed through the forest, leaving everywhere traces of hi.t innocent blood. Elfthrj'tha ordered the Martyr's bodyi to be privately buried at Wareham. without any recognition' of his regal dignity, hoping that his memory would soon be obliterated from the minds of his subjects. But it was not so, as God was pleased to manifest his sanctity by the many miracles which took place at his grave. When the news reached the Queen, .she determined to go herself to ascertain wliat had really taken place ; but the horse on which she was accustomed to ride could not be forced to move from the spot where she mounted, nor could any animal be made to carry her to the sacred tomb. Happily, by these prodigieaj her eyes were opened to the enormity of her guih, and she' ended her days in the deepest pcnanct She founded two monasteries, that of Amesbury and another at Wherwell. to the latter of which she retired, and dcx'olcd herself to fasting and austerities of evcr>' kind. After three years, the sacred remains of St. Edward were translated with great honour to

MAR la]

MENOLOGY.

try

Shaftesbury, and became the great treasure of the fervent community of nuns who flourished there, the place being commonly called St Kdward's. At a later period, the sacred deposit was divided, one portion being talccn to Leominster, and another to Abingdon. When the body was disclosed it was found to have fallen to decay, with the exception of the lung which had been pierced by the dagger of the assassin.

FVofoux at WoccMtet placet (he irariKlacioa lo Shaftubuty the next year oAcr the aunynkxn, ami Mjn (hat the body vn* then entire.

V. Join John Thulis was bom at Up- Holland, in

^^*^^*'*' Lancashire, and sent to Rhcims for his education, i«i& which was begun there and completed in Rome. Being ordained priest, he returned to England for the exer- cise of his ministry ; but he was soon am-slcd and confined during several years in the prison at Wisbeoch Castle Whether he escaped or was released does not appear, but by some means he was able to resume his labours in his native county. During this time he bad to bear many crosses and afflictions, which he submitted to with wonderful constancy and peace of mind ; and once, when he had received the last Sacraments in a dangerous sickness, he had a revelation %vhich assured him that he was reserved for a more glorious death.

It was by a warrant of the Earl of Derby that Thiilis was again arrested and sent to Lancaster gaol. While there he contrived to escape, with his fellow-Martyr, Wrcnno ; but when morning dawned, and they supposed that they were many miles from the town, they di.icovered that they were almost close to the castle This satisfied them that it was God's will that they should suffer. At the trial Thulis was condemned for hi» priestly character and functions, and condemned to the penalties of high trca.<ion. which were accordingly carried ouL Offers were repeatedly made to him to spare his h'fe, if he would take King James' oath, which his conscience would not allow him to do. Several criminals were executed at the same time, four of whom he had the consolation of reconcil- ing to God and tlie Church.

124

[ICAB. 19.

V. Roger ROGER WrennO was 3 weaver by trade,

^Td!**"^ most rcrvent Christian, and zealous Catholic. itfid He escaped one night from his confinement in Lancastef Castle, together with Thulis ; but in the morning they were recaptured, and willingly resigned themselves to death. The chaise against Wrcnno was for felony, by har- bouring and aiding priests in the exercise of their functions. At h]s execution, after he was turned off the ladder, the rope broke with the weight of his body, and he fell to the ground. He rose and knelt in prayer for a short time, and meanwhile his life WAS offered to him if he would take the oath. His an.*wer was r " I am the same man, and in the same mind, as before," and thereupon he ran to the gallows and mounted the ladder as fast as he could. This eagerness was caused. as he gave them to understand, by a vision he had in his prayer of the glorious reward prepared for him.

St. Bdwan), M. Cuts. 1, 4, 5, S. g, 13, 136, 15. 18. 16.

39. 41. 54. 56, 58, 59, 61. 6i, 63,

65. 95, 103, 91. Marli. Bom.. K. L. M. I. N. P. Q, R. Leg. Tinm. , fol. 740; Capgt., fol.

6ib; Nov. Ug..6!il. ii}b: Whilf.

Sat. : W. I and I i Chal.

Uitl. Ptoi., A,D. 97S-9i Malmeib.

BeK..a.$g: PonL,a,I86. M«nyca. Hiil. Douay Diaries ; CbaUonv*!

Mt<ia. Priext*, vol. u. Archiv. Vic»ltnon„ xv., p. 151.

THE NINETEENTH DAY. At Derby, the festival of Ss. Alchmund, Martyr.

SLAIcbmund. St. AlcHMUND was the son of Aired ar j^§['' brother of Osred, Kings of Northumbria. The 800. father of the Saint was driven into exile by the continued seditions, which affiictcd his country in those times, and was followed by his son to the land of the Picts. There Alchmund remained for about twenty years, after which he returned to England. The circumstances of his death are not clearly known. One account says he was captured by the adherents of the usurper Eardulf. and murdered by the orders of that prince. Others say that he had gone to Mercia, and taken part with one of the provincial rulers of that king-

UARaa]

MENOLOGY.

125

dom against the West Saxons, and that he wa» slain in battle. The many miracles which followed his martyrdom arc a testimony to the holiness of his life. He was buried at Lilles- hall, in Shropshire, and afterwards translated to Derby, where a. church was erected under his invocation. Thither pilgrims, especially from the Vorth of England, were accus- tomed to resort, out of veneration for his sacred relics,

One account Mates that the SoLint was buiied at MoHatUriuHi Albuin, pec- lapa Wbitchurch.

Utfl, L (3 tJovonbcf]. Hi*t. Simeon Dunclm. [T«-)-Mlen, p.

L*e. W. tinda; Chil. it6).

Ranulph, HIgden (Gale, Pclx]. vol. i.. pp. IS*, as*

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

/b t/u Island of Fame, en the coast of Norihumb<rhnd> the lUpefition c/Sr. Cuthbkrt, Cottfessor, Bishop of Lindisfame. ^At St Herbert's Isle, in tkt hit of Denuentwaler. the dtposi' tioHofST. Herbert, Priest and Confessor.

St Cuthbcrt, St. Cuthbert in his early youth entered the A.^ Monastery of Melrose, where he was trained in M/- the practices of the rcligiuus life, under tlic du- cipline of S^ Eata and St Boisil. How greatly he profited by this privilege was soon seen, from his eminently holy life. After the death of Boisil, St. Cuthbert succeeded him as Abbot ; and not content with the care of his own immediate di«:iples, displayed his zeal for souls by visiting the neigh- bouring hamlets and cottages of the poor. He would gather the people around him, preach to them the Word of God, correct abuses and superstitious practices, and administer the Sacrament of Penance ; and such was his prudence, so evident 'hi» charity, and such the consolation inspired by the sight of bis heavenly countenance, that all flocked to him with joy, and gladly performed alt he required of them.

In the course of time, St. Cuthbert was sent by St. Eata, the Bishop and Abbot, to fill the place of Superior in the Abbey of Lindisfame, on which the house of Melrose then depended.

136

MENOLOGY.

[MAB.ab.

Here he spent several years, until, feeling himself called to am life of perfect solitude, he retired to the small and barren Isle ■ of Farnc, where the brethren constructed for him a little cell and oratory, a spring having been miraculously discovered tafl satisfy his thirst, and a small plot of barley sown to provide him with fcwd. With his wants thus supplied, tlie holy mar lived in contentfncnt and peace. The evil spirits who had haunted the rock were driven away at his approach, and there ■ was no one to interrupt his continual converse with God. ■ This time of rest, however, was to have an end ; and at the synod of Twyford, held under St. Theodore, Archbishop of j Canterbury, it was resolved that St. Cuthbcrt should be apjx>intcd lo the See of LindLifarne,

It was foreseen how difficult it would be to induce the Saint to undertake the charge ; and in order to persuade him, King Egfrid himself and his attendants, among whom was St Trumwin, Bishop of the I'tcls, went over to St. Cuthbert'fi Isle. It was only after many tears and supplications that they succeeded in their object ; but at lengtJi Oie Saint yielded to obedience. His election was originally for Hexham, but a change was made in the arrangement, and St. Eata returned to Hexham, which had been his first diocese. leaving Lindis- famc for St. Cuthbcrt. After F.astcr in tlie following year he was consecrated at York by Sl Theodore, in the presence of, the King and seven Bishops, and ruled his diocese for two years, imitating the holy Apostles in his care of his flock, and protecting them by continual pra>Trs, as well as instructing them by his admonitions.

When he saw that his death was approaching, he retired again to his solitary island, and there awaited the call of God, which came to him on the zoth of March, in the year 687. ■ He had wished to be buried in the same place, but consented to the desire of his brethren to remove his body lo the Cathe- , dral of Lindisfarne. Eleven years later his sacred remains ■ were found entire, as though he had just fallen asleep. This translation, as well as his death, was honoured by many miracles.

In subsequent times, during the Danish war, the monks

MAR 30] MENOLOGY. 127

who were driven from Lindi.'sfame carried with them the sacred relics from place to place, until at lenjjth they found a secure refuge in the Cathedral Church of Durham. Here they vrcrc venerated during long ages, as tlie precious treasure and secure protection of the northern provinces of the king- dom.

St Herbert, St. MerbBRT u-as a priest who for many ^^' years led the life of an anchorite on the little Sbt- island which still bears his name in the Inlce of Dcnvcntwater. He was the intimate friend and beloved disciple of the i^reat St. Cuthbert, and was accustomed to visit him each year, to confer with him on the things of God, and receive instructions for his own spiritual advancement The year before his death, Herbert was totd that his re- vered friend was at Carlisle, called there by the duties of his office; and accordingly he went to meet him in that city, instead of taking the longer journey to Lindisfame. After they had conversed a while to their mutual consolation. St. Cuthbert said : " Brother Herbert, if you have aught to ask of me, or anything special to say, do it now, for I am assured that the time of my departure is at hand, and this is the last time we aball meet in the flesh ". St Herbert was overcome with grief at these words, and threw himself at his father's feet) with abundance of tears beseeching him not to forsake him. "i have ever been your faithful disciple." he said; "I have lived by the direction of your words, and have endeavoured to amend what you have declared to be amiss. Wc have served God together in this life — pmy that wc may be ad- mitted at the same time to behold His glory in heaven." After a moment's silence, St Cuthbert answered : " Weep BO more, but rather rejoice, dear brother, for the mercy of God ha* heard our prayer and granted what wc ask ". So it was, St Herbert was seized with a long and painful sickness, which may have been needed, says St Bcdc, to purify him from all imperfection, and 5t him to bear his holy fatlicr company ; and on the 20th of March, in the next year, both these Saints were called out of this world, and translated by the minietiy

128

MENOLOGY.

[MAR 21.

of angels to the kingdom of God in heaven. I n the fourteenth century, Thomas Appleby, Bishop of Carlisle, granted an Indulgence of forty days to all pious pilgrims who should visit St. Herbert's [stand, and appointed that his festival should be kept on the same day as that of St Cuthbcit.

St. Cuthbcft.

Call. 1, 1. 3.4<5- 7' ^•9i i>> I3''A^<

14, IS, 18. 24, 26, 37, 38. 39, 41.

48. W. 5S. 5». 59. Bi, 6j, 6j, 67,

95. "«- liarU. Rom,. A. C. D. P. G. K, L,

K. P. Q. R.

Ctg. Tinm.. Ebl. j$ri; Capgr. (biiml)i Nov. Leg., fol. 694; WMlf. Sar.; W. I and 2 1 dial.

Mill. Bcdii, iv., e. ly, tl Mf . ; Vlue : Cutfabetti.

St. Ho ben.

Ltg. W. I and 2 : Chtl.

HhL fieda, iv.,e. 39.

THE TWENTY-FIRST DAY.

At Dorchester. M* fiasston of the VenerabU THOMAS Pilchard, Priest who died for tlu Faith in the time of Quten Elisabeth. — At York, tfu martyrdom of tfu Venerable MatTHE\v Flathers, '.^iho suffered under King f amis I.

V. ThomM This zealous missioner was born at Battle, in ™*'JJ^'"-' Sussex, educated at Rhcims. and sent on the 15^. Mi.ssion as a priest in the year 1 583. After labouring for same time, he was arrested, thrown into prison, and finally banished in 1585. He contrived, however, to return to England, and was again apprehended. The second trial of Pilchard resulted in his condemnation as a priest ordained by authority of the Apostolic See, and exercising his office in the Queen's dominions. He was executed, with all the penalties of high treason, at Dorchester.

V. M*nhew The Venerable MATTHEW FlaTHERS was a ^'*'^^''^" native of Weston, in Yorkshire, and received his itioft. education in the College of Douay. In the year iOo(^ he was made priest, and almost immediately scnc on the English Mission, but had .scarcely time to begin his labours, when he was seized and banished from the realm. The zeal of the pious missioner quickly found means to return to bis

MARaa.]

MENOLOGY.

i»9

AEuter's woric, and he was able to labour for souU for itome little time in his native county. Before long, however, his second apprehension and his trial followed ; and though no charge was alleged against him except that of his priesthood, he was condemned of high treason. As he refused to save himself by taking the oath required by the King, the sentence was carried out at a place beyond Micklcgale Bar, in the city of York. The execution was attended with even more than the usual barbarity, as he was instantly cut down from the gallows, and the cruel butchery performed whilst he was yet alive.

Hilt. Douay Divict ; Cha]Iancr'i Aichiv.

iS'iMt. Piiett*. vola. I. and IL Sf(.

Archiv. Westmofl., vim p. UT. W.,

P-73-

Wettinon., Cbampaey, pc

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

Jit York, fAi hlesstd wartyrdom ef the venerable servants of God, James Harrison, Priest, and Antohy Battie. or Bates, Layman, who sufftrtd deatit in the caust of ihi Cat/ioiic Faith.

V. Junes The holy missioncr, James ITakrisoh, was a

iSm?I«'* "^^'v^ ^^ the diocese of Lichfield, and was

V. Antoflj ordained at Rheims, and sent on the Mission in

Biia, M.r 'S**-*- *'s *** allowed a longer time for his

■^^ apostolic ministry than many of bis fcUow-

Mart)'rs, as he did not fall into the hands of the

persecutors until near the Lent Assizes in 1602. He was

sentenced to die barely for exercising his priestly ofBce.

When unexpectedly told one evening that he was to die the

next day, he received the news without the least perturbation,

and cheerfully sat down to supper. His death was marltcd

with great constancy and fcn-our of spiriL The English

Franciscans of Douay by some means obtained possession of

the Martyr's head, and preser^-ed it with religious veneration.

Anton\" Battie, or Bates, was a gentleman of Yorkshire,

who was convicted at the Lent Assizes of having entertained

9

130

MENOLOGY.

[MAR, 23.

in his house the Martyr Harrison, knowing him to be a priest On this charge he was condemned and executed at the same time with him. Hiil. CbaHaoa'a Wat. PiImu. voL L Arcbiv, WcKmoa. vol. vlL, p. iij.

THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY.

/m t/u Island of Fame, /ww cn/^ed St. Cuthbtrfs Isft, the aimmemoralioH of St. EtkELWALD, Hermit nnii Con/fsucr. — At York. tAefiassion 0/ Edmund Svkes, Pruit. w/ia u.<as put to a crtut martyrdom, for the exercise of his sacred office.

St.EtheIwaU. ST. ETHELWALD, Or OlDIWALD. WIS a monk "•"^'^^"'^■•of Ripon, in which monastery he had received ^ the priesthood, and ruIflllcJ its duties with great edification. On the death of St. Cuthbert, Ethclwald suc- ceeded him in his hermitage on the Island of Fame He was greatly venerated for the sanctitj' of his life, and the miracles which took place through his intercession. Gudfrid, the Abbot of Lindisfarne, used to relate how he himself and his companions had been most marvellously delivered from a storm at se.i, through the prayers of St. Ethclwald, as they were returning to their monastci^', after visiting the holy man, to hear his instructions and receive his blessing. St Ethcl- wald spent twelve years in this .solitude, and then passed to his ei'crlasting rest. His body was removed to Lindisfarne, and buried near the holy Bishops of that Sec. in the Church of St. Peter the Apostle.

V. Edmund EDMUND Sykes was born at Leeds, and ^''^i)'*'' 'o t*ic College at Rhcims, where he was ordatn< 1587^ and sent on the Mission in 1581. After labouring with much success for some time, he was apprehended and banished, together with a number of missioners, in the year 1 585. Edmund Sykes, however, like many of his fellow- exiles, soon contrived to return to his own country and resume his work ; but it was not for long, as he was again seized, and submitted to an imprisonment of more than ordinary hard-,

MAR 24.]

MENOLOGY.

«3«

shipt These sufferings were not without profit to Ihis holy man, as by means of them he learned perfect patience and resignation to God's will, and overcame not ont}' the tempta- tions of the world and the flesh, but the direct a.ssautts of the devil, who eeased not to molett him in his cell. When arraigned, he was charged with high trca-son, on the ground of his priesthood and the exercise of his ministry. His sacred character he admitted, but denied that there could be any treason in that or in his conduct He was executed at York, with all the horrors involved in his sentence.

V. Edmund Sykea. Hit/. Douay Diarie* ; Clijdloncr**

MitiB. Prietiu, vol. i. Archiv. Wesitnon. . Champney, p. 844.

St. Btbclwald. L*g. 1 kill] ti Chil. Hiil, BciJa, v.,c. t.

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY.

At Barking, in Essex, ihe cmnmemoratioii of ST, H ILDELID. Virgin and Abbtss.

St Htldelid, St, Hiudelid succeeded St Ethelburga in the A^**' government of her Abbey at Barking, and held IV! z. the office many years, to extreme old age. She was wholly devoted to the service of God, most strict in enforcing regular observance, and prudent tn the .idministra* tion of the temporal goods of the hou^tc. In consequence of needful alterations in the monastic buildings. St Hildelid caused the venerated remains of the servants of Gnd, who were buried in the cemetery, to be removed and placed within tbe Church of our Blessed Lady ; and this translation was honoured by several striking miracles, such as the supernatural light which was seen, and the celestial odour which was often perceived. St Hildelid was held in veneration by St. Aid- helm, who dedicated to her his book on Virginity, and by St Boniface, who mentions her with great respect in his letters.

Uattt. U. Q. Hatu Ueda, iv.. c, 10 ; Mabill., AclA

L«;. Tinin., Col. Sjo; Capgi., Tol. SS. Bened., mc Uu, p. 289.

1466; Nov. L«g-. foL, iSofr;

W[i(i£ Add.; W. I and i(» Dm.);

ClaL

13*

Ml

-OGY.

tMARSS.

THE TWENTY-FIFTH DAY.

At Norwich, the passim of the Blessed Child WILLIAM, entelty put to death by the Jews, in Hatred cf the Christian Faith, in the year 1 141. — At Edmundsbury, the h^y memory 0/ Robert, awiJ/A^y infant murdered by the Jesus intfu year 1 iSi. The day of his passion is unknottm, but he was buried in th£ Abbey Church, and lumoured by miracles. — At York, the Ulns- iriaus martyrdom of the Venerable MARGARET ClITIIEROE,

Gent/envman. — At Winchester, the passion of the venerable servant of God,} xuE.'i Bird, Layman, stalous in defence of tb^ Catholic religion.

St- Willbm, WiLLtAM was a child about twelve years of ^jq' age, apprenticed to a tanner in Norwich. He was "M- enticed by some Jews to follow them to their dwelling, when he was seized, cruelly tortured, and at length crucified, in derision of the Adorable Passion of our Diwne Saviour. They carried the body to Thorpe Wood, with the intention of secretly buryiiiE it there ; but being discovered, they were forced to escape. These sacred remains were honoured with miracles, and were reverently conveyed to the Cathedral of Norwich. A chapel was also erected on the Spot where they were discovered, and was known as St. William of the Wood.

Robert, St. ROBERT of Edmund sbury was another boy,

^rj who also about the time of Easter, some years J "8i. later, was in like manner put to death by the Jews, in contempt of the Christian F'aith. He was buried in the Abbey Church, and honoured by many miracles.

V. Marfrarct It was during the violent persecution raised by ^^''^a'd: "■'"'e E'''* of Huntingdon, President of the North.

'S8& that Margaret Clitheroe was arrested, with so many others, in the cause of religion. The charge brought against her was that of harbouring priests in her house. She

UAB. 25]

MENOLOGY.

133

absolutely reruscd to plead, lest she should compromise others, or be accessory to the sin of the jurj* in condemning the innocent to death. The legal penalty for this refusal was that she should be pressed to death — that is, crushed by means of enormous weights, placed on a board laid over the body. To this most cniel torment she cheerfully submitted, and with the most invincible patience, often repeating, that this way to heaven was as short as another. She had been well trained for martyrdom by the great piety of her life, and her charity towards the afflicted. After her death, her husband and children were treated with great severity. The maiden name (^ Mai^ret Clitheroc was Middleton, but it does not appear certain to what family she belonged, as there were several nf this name in Yorkshire. Some writers say that her death took place on the 26th March, and others place it in the year 1387. The hand of this blessed Martyr is preserved as a precious relic In the Convent of the Blessed Virgin at York.

V.Jatne* J.^MES BIRD was the son of a gentleman rcsj-

j^^ ' ^*"^ *' Winchester, and was brought up by his ■593' parents in the Protestant religion. When yet young, he was, by conscientious conviction, led to the Catholic Church, and went over to Rheims to pursue bis studies. On his return to England, the zeal which he manifested for the Faith was the cause of his apprehension, and he was charged at the bar with high treason, in being reconciled to the Church of Rome, and maintaining the spiritu.'»l supremacy of the Pope The holy youth, who was only ninetL-eii years of age, did not deny the indictment, and was accordingly condemned to death. His liberty was offered to him if he would consent to go but once to the Protestant Church, but this he courage- ously resisted, as well as the persuasions and commands of bis own father, whom he tenderly loved, and to whom he pro- fessed pcrfe« obedience in all, that would not oflTend God. He waA kept in prison for a length of time, and at last led to execution. The head of the Martyr was set on a pole over one of the gates of the city of Winchester.

IJ4

MENOLOGY.

[MAB. 30.

SS. William and Robert.

Ltfi. Tinm. , IbL 94^ ,' Cspp. , foL 9] j6,- Nov. Ui[.. foL 309b: White Add (15 Apiil) ; W. 1 and 1 : Choi.

Hiit. Boll., 3rd voL of March, p. 588 ( ObAcrvMiaiH V

Biomuiii (Twysd. Col.. to\3).

GctvaM! {bn Robert) (Twytd. CoL,

Mxrtj-n. /fut Uuali't Ufc or Mu-gmret (Moc

ri>'* Troiit>l«». va\. \>i.y f;hallonet'» Ni»». PriMW, vol. I,;

Douay Diirics. ATcbiv.W'eBtmon. (Cliampn«y),p. goi. „ „ CaUlOguci.

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

At Sherborne, in Dorstt, tfu deposition of ST. Alfwold, Bishop and Confessor,

sl Alfwold. St. Alfwold was a monk of >^^iiichester, and ^*''a d"^' "'^'* ^^^'^ Bishop of Sherborne on the death of 1058. his own brother, Bertuin, who held the See before him. St. Alfwold was a man of most holy life, and remark- able for his strict abstinence, at a time when lavish profusion at table was the custom of the country. He brought with him an image or picture of St. Swithin, which he .set up in his church, and so awakened a great devotion to that Saint in his diocese. But most sinpular was his veneration and love for the great St. CutlibcrL He was continually reciting an antiphon from his office, and in his later years took the long journe)' to Durham, to visit his sacred relics.

On arriving there, he caused the shrine to be opened, and conversed with his patron as with a friend, leaving an olTcring as a token of his undying love. On one occasion the holy Bishop had a serious disagreement with the powerful Godwin, tt'hc for his disrespect was sei^fed with a sudden malady, which did not leave him till he had obtained the pardon of the Saint. To the last moment of his life St. Alfwold was constant in his devotion to St. Cuthbcrt, and with his last breath began his favourite antiphon, uhich he was unable to finish, but made signs to his attendants to conclude on his behalf.

St. Alftvold wu the «ccond Biahop of Shciborne who bore thai name, the Imnci havinK immediately Aaccccilcd St. Wutain. Wttliain of MalTiieslniry

MAB. 27, 28.]

MENOLOGY.

t35

tdls u» that he had Icuned varloua paniculais or the Siunt't lifc, (ioin a pricK wbo had pcTMniitly known him.

Ug. w. 1 : chiL

HUL Malnub. Pont.. U., J St.

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH DAY.

A/ Middlcham, /w Yortjhire. the hoiy tmmory of St. Alkelu.

Sl AJkeM. St. Ai.KKLD,or AKii-DA.also called Athilda, Wol)«r is Titular Saint of the Collegiate Church of Middlcham. No acts of this Saint have been discovered, but there still exists the Patent of King Edward lV.,allowing his brother, Richard. Duke of Gloucester, to erect the said college in honour of our Lord Jesus Chmt, the Blessed Virgin His Mother, and of St. Alkcld. The Church of Gigglcswick, in the West Riding, is also dedicated in her honour.

Uf. Chal. <a8 Much).

HiU, Du^ale Monut., vi., p, t440L

K

^V At York, tiu pasiion of the venerah/e servant of God,

[ Christopher Wharton, Pritst and Martyr.

1:

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

V. Chxto- Christopher Wharton, a native of York- ">**;^^J^ shire, was a Fellow of Trinity College, in Oxford, '" ' and a Master of Arts in that University.

A.D. i6oa.

He

retired to the Continent from religious motives ; uhI having studied for the priesthood at the College at Rheims, was ordained, and, in the year 1 586, sent on the English Mission. Though the labours of this pious missioncr wrcTc prolonged during many years, no particular account of them has been prcsci-vcd ; but he has been especially commended for his humility, charity, and other virtues, which were in the end rewarded with the crown of martyr- dom. He was at length apprehended, and tried at the York Assizes on tiK charge of his priesthood, although he pleaded that he had received Orders before the pas.iing of the statute

■s-S

MENOLOGY.

[MAR 20.

of Elizabeth. He was offered life, liberty, and promotion if he would conform to the new religion ; but his constancy was unshaken. Eleanor Hunt, widow, in whose house the Martyr was seized, was also sentenced to deatli for felony in harbouring him. The award, however, was not executed, but her goods were confiscated, and she Avas left to die in prison. Pardon had been offered her if she would consent to go to the Protestant worship.

Hill. Douay Diariea; Chdllonef'* AkHiv. Wettman.. Uumpncr. p.

Mitt. Pfiestt, vol, i. 9S0.

Wonhington's Relation (in fftt), p.

Si.

THE TWEKTY-NINTH DAY.

In South Wales, t/ie deposition 0/ St. GundlEUS, Htrmit and Confessor.

St. Gundleua. GUNHLEUS was the son of one of the princes ^^- of South Wales. On the death of his father, 500 c though the eldest son, he voluntarily shared the territory with his six brothers. Gundlcus married Gladys, one of the daughters of Brychan. so celebrated as the father of a family of Saints. The offspring of this union was the great St. Cadoc, the founder of Llancarvon. Gundicus, how- ever, was called to a higher life than that of a prince and father of a family, and was warned by an angelic visitor that it was God's pleasure that he should henceforth lead the life of a hermit, in a spot specially designated to him. Thither he retired, and, having built a small cell and orator^-, passed his days in wonderful austerity, eating only barley bread mingled with ashes, and drinking only of the fnuntain which sprang up miraculously to supply his wants.

When the Saint perceived that death was approaching, he sent to b^ the spiritual assistance of St. Dubriclus and his own son. St. Cadoc, and in their presence happily gave up his soul to God. St Gundlcus u-as formerly held in the highest veneration by the people of South Wales and the neighbour- ing counties, and not a few miracles showed how great was^

MARs 30, 31.]

MENOLOGY.

137

the favour he enjoyed in heaven, and the divine protection of the place, sanctified by his holy death. The Church of Newport, in Monmouthshire, is dedicated to this Saint, under the name of St Woollos.

Cat. jt, Hiti. Uolland. (jid vol. of March, p. tug. TiniiL, tot &5A; Capsi., Tol. 783).

ijM; Nov. Leg., fol. i68<i; Alibnl'M Annal«, vol 1-. p. 63a.

Whitt Add.; W. a; ChaL

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

/« f/te city of Coventry, and in tht arehJioamry, tht holy mtmory o/St. Osburga, Abbtss and Virgin.

St. Osburem, The Monastery of Coventry was founded for ^t[^' women by King Canute in the year 1016, and loiAc Osburga was appointed Abbess. In the year No Day. ,Q^j fjjg religious were expelled, and it was at a later period that a new foundation for men was established on the site by the Earl Leofric and his wife Godiva. We have no records of St Osburya till the year 1410, when it appears that the de\-out people of Coventry still maintained the practice of visiting her sepulchre, and that so many miracles were performed that the clergj' and i>eople agreed to address a petition to the Bishop, to ask that her festival might be observed. Lcterich — so the Bishop was called — assembled lUs syiiud accordingl)', and issued a decree that the festival of St. Osburga should be observed tliroughout the archdeaconry of Coventry, with all the solemnity attributed to the Patron Saints of other places. The precise day appointed is not known.

Lff. CtuL<>8Mkicli).

Hiit. Leiand Coliccc, !., p. y>. Dugdik M0DUI., lii., pp. 175 and

THE THIRTY-FIRST DAY.

At Lancaster, iJu passicn of Ik* ventrahU servants of Cod, Thurstan Hunt, Priest, and Robert Middlkton, Priest, both of whom sufftnd death for the Faith in the rtign of Queen

ijS MENOLOGY. [MAR. 31.

Blisabttk — A f Gloucester, f/u /ious inanary c/ fAi martyrdom of the Vtnerable Stephen RousiIAM, Prust^ (he day of whcse passion is not on record.

V. Tharatan T H URSTAN HUNT «'as of a gentleman's family, " A.^b" ■ ^""^ ^™ ^* Carleton Hall, near Leeds. He was ifoi. sent for his education to the English College of Rheitns, and there in due time he was ordained by the Cardina dc Guise. In the year 15S5 he went on the Mission, ant! exercised his sacred functions chiefly in Lancashire. While in that county, Thurstan Hunt joined with some others in attempting to rescue a priest whom the officers were carr>'ing away; but instead of succeeding, he was himself apprehended, discovered to be a priest, and sent to London, together with Robert Middleton, who eventually suffered with him. They were soon sent to Lancaster for trial, and there convicted and put to death, with all the penalties of hifjh treason.

V. Rolxrt The Venerable ROBERT MiDDLETON was

tfWicton, jjQ^ j^ Yorkshire, and became a student of Hw A.D. English College at Scxnllc. Wc have no account of his labours in England, but 6nd that he was arrested in Lancashire, and sent to prison with Thurstan Hunt. They were tried at Lancaster, and executed on the same day. It is reported that during the time of his short imprisonment in London, Hunt was received into the Society cf Jesus by Father Henry Garnet, the Superior.

V. Stephen The Venerable Stei'HEN Rousham was a ***"*]& ""native of Oxford, and educated in that University. 1587. For some time he was minister of SL Maiy's Church : but being brought to the Catholic Faith, went to the College at Rheims, from whence, after his ordination, he was sent on the Mission in the year 1 582. He was soon arrested, and sent to the Tower, and confined In the dungeon called Little Ea-se for more than eighteen months. Though his bodily constitution was weak, he was wonderfully supported to bear this cruel infliction with the greatest constancy. He

3£AS. 31.] MENOLOGY. 139

was favoured with a supernatural intimation of the martyrdom of three friends of his, who suffered during this interval, in the shape of a most sweet and pleasant light, which pierced his miserable prison. He was also given to understand that the time of his own sacrifice, which he greatly desired, was not yet come. In the year 1585, Stephen Rousham was taken out of prison, and with many others sent into banishment In a foreign land his zeal for the salvation of souls, and his desire of martyrdom, increased day by day, and would not suffer him to remain in a place of security. Accordingly, he made his way back to England, and was engaged in his sacred duties, when he was again seized, and sent to Gloucester gaol. He readily confessed his priestly character and the object of his return to England, adding that if he had many lives he would most willingly lay them down for so good a cause. "When the sentence for high treason was pronounced, the joy which appeared in his countenance was admired by all, as was his constancy at the time of execution. His passion was in the yew 1 587, but the day and the month are uncertain, as some accounts place it in March and others in July.

Hilt. Douay Diaries ; Challoner'a Archiv. Westmon., iv., p. 65.

Miss. Priests, vol. i, „ „ Champney, pp. 846,

Foley's Records, last voL, p. 962. 1013,

(

r

AFBIIi.

THE FIRST DAY.

At York, the martyrdom of the venerabU servant of God, John Britton, Layman.

V. John John Britton was bom at Britton, in York-

iB. shire, and, being known to be a zealous Catholic, 1598. had, for many years of his life, been subject to continual vexations and persecutions. This had obliged him to be generally absent from his family and his home, that he might keep himself further from danger. At length, when he was well advanced in years, he was falsely accused by some malicious wretch of having uttered treasonable words against the Queen. On this chaise he was condemned and exe- cuted, though he might have saved himself by consenting to renounce his Faith.

Hitt. Challonei'B Miss. Priests, voL i. Aichiv. Westmon., Ctumpney, p,

969.

THE SECOND DAY.

At Chelmsford, in Essex, the passion of the BUssed John Paine, Priest and Martyr.

a John Blessed JOHN Paine was a native of North-

PwjQc^M., amptonshire and a convert to the Faith, as it

158a. would seem, from his brother's being a zealous

ProtestanL He studied at Douay College, and was ordained

and sent on the Mission with Cuthbert Maine in 1576. He

laboured with great fruit in England, and had his residence

.APRILa]

MENOLOGY,

141

in the house of Lad/ Petre, in Essex. He was apprehended in 1581 and sent to the Tower, where he was cradly radced, but afterwards sent to Chclmsrord for trial The only witness against him was an apostate Informer of the vilest character, who charged him with treason against the Queen, and other ofTcnces of which he was entirely innocent He was how- ever condemned b>' an ignorant jury, while he protested perfect fidelity to Elizabeth, and at the same time acknow- ledged his religion and his priesthood. After his sentence, he was much molested with the importunity of the Protestant ministers and frequent examinations. Nothing could disturb his constancy and patience, and he died with perfect resigna- tion, calling on the adorable Name of Jesu.t. Ke was much beloved in the town and neighbourhood, where he was well known ; and perhaps it was by reason of this that, with unusual forbearance, he was allowed to hang till he was dead, before the remaining horrors of the sentence were carried out

Hi»f- CtikllonM's Mist. Ptitfti, vol. i. Archiv, Wcatmon. (ChantpneT), pi

CeooeruiiD, p. Sii. yfx

THE THIRD DAY. At Chichester, /A* dtposithn of ST. RICHARD, Bishop and

St Riehud, RICHARD OF WvcH was bom at Droitwicb, in ^'A.%*^' Worcestershire, and was the younger son of "SJ. Richard and Alice de Wych. From his earliest years he Kho>ved a marked dispo.ittion for piety and study and an aversion for worldly amusements. Nevertheless, he had a great capacity for administration ; and when his elder brother came into possession of his property, and was almost in despair to Bnd it in a state of complete poverty and dilapida- tion, Richard undertook the management of it, spared himself no toil, even guiding the plough with his own hands, until in a short time he brought it into a pcriV-ctly good condition. Richard studied at Oxford, and from thence went to Paris, and, like many other holy students, succeeded in combining

MENOLOGY.

[ARPILa

the greatest assiduity in his occupation with the most singular piety and devotion, and great austerity of life. Returning to Oxford, he was made Master of Arts, but soon went to Bolc^a to study the Sacred Canons. When he had mastered that subject, he once more established him.scir at Oxford, and was elected Chancellor of the Universit)'. It was after this moat honourable appointment, that St Edmund, Archbishop of Canterbury, and the celebrated Robert Grostcte, Bishop of Lincoln, at the same time sought to secure his services for their dioceses, ■!)>' nominating him their chancellor. Richard thought it his duty to defer to the wishes of the Primate, and from that time became llie devoted friend of St. Edmund, and enjoyed his most familiar confidence. The great prelate became the model, on which his life was fonncd. He was an cyo-witncss of his sanctity, of his detachment from the world, of his sublime gifts of contemplation, of his miracles, and the supernatural principles which influenced his life. When 5L Edmund retired to Fontigny, he was followed by Richard, who remained at his side, until death withdrew his blessed master from his devoted care.

Duty would not allow him to indulge his grief in idleness, and he took the opportunity, which his present freedom gave him, of perfecting himself in the study of theology. For this purpose he went to Orleans, and toolc up his abode in the Convent of the Dominican Fathers, an Order for which both he and St Edmund always evinced a strong attachment This object attained, and being now a priest, he went bade to England, to take charge of the one benefice he held, a parish in the diocese of Canterbury. But he was not long permitted to live in seclusion, and the Blessed Honifacc of Savoy, who wa.s then Archbishop, obliged him to resume his office as Chancellor.

It was white Richard was thus cng^cd, that the Chapter of Chichester elected as Bishop a favourite of tlic King's, whom the Archbishop, with the advice of the wisest of the prelates, deemed unworthy of the dignity, and whose election he cancelled. Accordingly, they assembled a second time, and under a good inspiration made choice of St Richard, to thegreal joyof all thcgood. King Henry III, however, was

APRIL 3.1

MENOLOGY.

143

greatly displeased, and for two years withheld the temporali- ties of the diocese from the Saint, who was obliged to have recourse to the Holy See to vindicate his just cause.

Accordingly, he visited Pope I nnocent IV., who approved of his conduct, and himself conferred on him the episcopal consecration. KJchard bore with tranquillity the poverty to which the obstinacy of the King obliged him. He undertook the care of his flock with the greatest assiduity, and did all that was possible for their spiritual and temporal needs. He delighted to minister to them personally, and would even bur)* the dead with his own hands.

From this time, as throughout the remainder of his life, and after death, he became so conspicuous for his miracles that in this respect he is one of the most remarkable among our Saints. It was for the |>oor, that he for the most part exercised this gift, as on one occasion when he multiplied the corn in his granaries to satisfy their needs. Towards the close of his life, Richard received the commands of the Fope to preach the Cruiiadc, and undertook the work with great zeal and success, and in the midst of these labours closed his saintly course.

He was at Dover, where he took up his lodging in the hospital called the Maison Dicu, and Clierc had the con- solation of consecrating the new church in honour of his patron St Edmund. He was then seized with the sickness which soon brought bim to his end, which he expected with sentiments of sublime devotion, and continued invocation of the Blessed Mother of God. He was buried in hLi own catliedral, and, in consequence of the continued miracles, was canoniied. nine years later, by Urban IV. In the year 127S, on the 16th of June, his rcmain.s were solemnly translated to a more honourable shrine by the Archbishop, the King and many nobles being present

CiUt. I. J, 4, 5, 7, lli. Z4. 39. 4& Hhti. and AHt : Lives by Bocking

itarlt. RoRi., N. Q, R. anil Anon.^BoU., i vot. Apt., p.ajj),

L/f. TiniT)..fol.£66: Capgr-.tbl. iXQu; Waveiley Ajinal& [Gale. lit., p. 3]t).

Nov. Ug., (b).3696; WhiO. Sn.;

W, r and 1 ; Cbal.

T44

IIENOLOGY.

[APRIL 4, 8.

THE FOURTH DAY.

At Clones, in Ireland, Ou deposition of St. TicERNaKE, Confessor, Bishop of Cloghtr aud Chms.

St. Tiger- This Saint was a native of Ireland, who came

Bp^ont ^** Great Britain for his religious education, and is

A.D. said to have been a disciple of Moncnnius, On

54? ' SSO- jj|g return to hts country he was made Bishop of

Clogher. to which he united the district of Clones.

Th« place where the Salni wji* cducaicd is called Kosnat, find ift (jentrtilly nuppoKd 10 be Si. David's, ui the vale o( Ross, aiid Moncnnius is thou|;ht to have been hid niiUteT'ft name. Lanigan. howevei. maintain that Roitnal Is Whilhcm, or Candida Csmi, in Siiathclyde, and ihai Monenniu* Is the name OB Ninian : m> ihai what is meant is thai Tigernake was a pupil of ihe school or Bionacteiy of St. Ninian at Whithcrn. This is alio the opinion of Foibct (f/titoridni o/SioUand, vul. v., iiiiioductioii, p. xtiii.).

Lig. Cbal. ll'il, Luiigon's HisL, i.. p. 434; it.,

THE FIFTH DAY.

At Lyming, in Kent, the holy ttumory of ST. Ethel- BURCA, Widow and Abbess.

St. Ethel- St. Ethelburga. who was also called Tate, Wid'A.lbess ^^'^^ ^^^ daughter of St Ethclbcrt, first Christian A.D. prince of the English nation, ajid after her father's'

No*?)*?- ^^^*'* *^'** married to Edwin, King of North- umbria. At that time Edwin was not yet a Christian, but he willingly gave every security that the religion of his wife should be practised with fuiniberty. St Paultnus was consecrated Risliop, and accompanied the Queen to minister to the spiritual needs of her household, and, if it might be, to preach the Gospel to the Northumbrians. It was not till after some time that Ethelbui^a had the consola- tion of seeing her hu.sband brought to the Faith. Pope Boniface V. had written to her. expressing his anxiety at the long delayed conversion, and exhorting her to do all she could for this end.

APRTI. a]

MENOLOGY.

MS

The King had shown a favourable disposition towards Christianity, and. in thanksgiving for his cfwape from a great peril, had allowed his infant daughter Eanflcda to receive baptism ; but it was not until after a great victory in battle, and obtaining the approval of his nobles, that he received baptism, and led the way to the conversion of his people. During the remainder of his reign religion flourished, and all seemed to promise the complete cstab- h'shmcnt of Christianity ; but terrible calamities followed his death, and the hopes of the missioncr were utterly crushed. The country was ravaged by pagans and other enemies, the succeeding princes apostatised, and St. Paulinus considered that no course was open to him but to retire, and conduct the Queen to Kent. Having returned to her own country*, Ethel- burga resolved to embrace the religious state, and with the help of her brother. King Eadbald, founded the Monastery of Lyming, where, at the head of a pious community, she scr\-cd God in holiness of life and patient perseverance to the end of her days.

X/f. W. ( and > (S Sqt.) ; Choi. Ulsl. Bcdx. U.. 9. ef itq.

THE SIXTH DAY.

At Abingdon, tUe depQsitwn o/S'l. Elstan, Confessor and Bishop 0/ Wiiton.

St. EiatM, Elstan, or Elfstan, was a monk of Abing-

^P^ D*"*^" ^^"' ''^'icd under the discipline of the Abbot St 981. Ethclwold. White the building of the monastery was in progress. Elstan was charged by his Superior with the duty of seeing that the food of the workmen was duly pro- vkled. The holy man undertook this lowly ofRcc with great alacrity, and himself cooked the meat, washed the dishes, swept the kitchen floor, and managed alt with the greatest neatness and good order. One day St. Ethclwold chanced to find him engaged in this employment, and was sm^iriscd and edified to sec him doing himself and alone duties which he supposed he would have committed to some servant of the

10

\4fi

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL 7.

house. In his admiration, he resolved to give lum the occa- sion of still more meritorious and heroic obedience, and said to him : " Brother Elstan, this obedience you have stolen from mc unawares ; but if you arc such a soldier as you s<;cm to be^ plunge your hand into the boiling cauldron, and draw me out a piece of meat ". The good disciple at once obej^ed. the strength of his fiiith cooled the boiling water, and he drew back his hand unhanned, St. Elstan was afterwards Abbot of the house in which he had so faithfully learned to practise obedience, and c%'cntually became the fifth Bishop of the diocese of Wilton, and in the exercise of that saci-ed office piously resigned his soul to God.

Leg. W. 1 and a. Mitmeib, Pom., t!.. j 83.

Uiil. V\ot., A.D.gSi.

THE SEVENTH DAY.

/« Pembnakcshirc, tht festival cf ST. BbeNACH, Cmftswr and Iltntiit. — At Yorlc, lite martyrdom of the veuerahlt servants of God, ALEKANDEK RawLINS, Priest, and Henrv Walpole, Priest of the Society of Jesus.— At Worcester, t/u passion (J/ Edward Oldcorne, Priest of t/te Society of fesus.

St Breoach, BrknacH. otherwise called BrynacII or a!q'' Bernacu, was a hermit, who inhabited a lonely 450 c cell in the neighbourhood of Milford, and led .1 life of great sanctity and wonderful austerity. No ancient record of his life has been preserved, and his Acts, as they arc now found, being «Tittcn many centuries after his death, can- not be considered authentic.

V. Aiuoiuier The Venerable Alexander Rawlins was

'^vT'Hfiin?'''^*^ son of a gentleman resident on the borders of

Walpoie, Gloucestershire and Worcestershire, and xvas sent

Mirtyr*,' *" Oxford for his education. After some time

^-^ spent in that University, he went abroad, and

became a student of the English College at

Rhcims. Hawng received Holy Orders, Rawlins was sent on

APBIL 7.]

MEN01.0GT.

147

tlie Mission in 1590, in company with the illustrious Martyr Edward Gcnings, In ICngland he was able to labour for some time, without fallinR into the hands of the persecutors, until the moment came when his scr\-ices were to be rewarded with the crown of martyrdom. He was arrested at some place in Vorkshirc, and it was resolved that he should suffer together with Fr. Ilcnry Walpole, the Jesuit At the bar Rawlins refused to be tried by the jury, not wishing tobrir^ the guilt of his blosd on the heads of twclv-e ignorant men, and asserting that the judges themselves were more competent to decide in a case like his. The obstacle, however, was over- come by the judges, who proceeded to his condemnation on account of his priesthood. The interval between this and his execution was spent by the Martjr in fervent preparation for his death. I Ic was dragged on the same hurdle with Fr, Wal- pole ; but, after the first cordial embrace, no communication was aJlowed to pass between them. Rawlins was the first to suffer, and, mounting tlic ladder, reverently kissed the instru- ments of his passion. He was not permitted to speak to the people, but died with the adorable name of Jesus on his lips. Fr. Waipole was commanded to watch the fearful butchery which followed.— The Venerable Henrv Wali'OLE belonged to a very ancient family in Norfolk. His [larcnts were pious Catholics, and had many sons, of whom Henry was the eldest He was sent to study both at Oxford and Cambridge, and then went to London to apply himself to the law. He had read many book."! on religious controversy, and was so well versed in the subject that he was the means of bringing not a few into the Church, and so incurred the displeasure of the Queen's government. Walpole thereupon gave up his l^al studies, and went to the College of Rhcims, and after about a year proceeded to Rome:

In the year 1584 he joined the Societ>' of Jesus, an example cvcnlually followed by three of his own brothers. After his novitiate, he was employed by his superiors in various important charges on the Continent, before he was allowed to satisfy his desire of entering on the English Missioa At length, in December, 1593, he landed on the

148

MENOLOGY.

[APEn. 7.

coast of Yorkshire, but had not been four-and -twenty hours on shore when he and his companions -were seized, antl brought before Lord Huntingdon. President of the North. The Martyr freely owned himself to be what he wa^, where- upon he was sent for to London by the Privy Council, and confined in the Tower. In that prison he had many hardships to endure for the space of a year, in the course of which he was cruelly tortured no less than fourteen times. As nothing could induce him to renounce his Faith, he was remitted to York for trial He received the sentence of death with joy and thanksgiving, and all who saw him were astonished to wilncsg the comfort with which he looked for the happy hour. He suffered on the same day with Alexander Rawlins, and immediately after him. He begged the prayers of all Catholics, and began to recite his own devotions, which were cut short by the impatience of the executioners. His blessed example did much to promote the propagation of the Faith in ttiut part of the country,

V. Edward EDWARD OLDCOKNE was a native of York- '^/LD "shire, and was sent for his studies to the English 'S**' , College at Rheims,and afterwards to that at Rome. Askcy. M. When ordained priest and about to be sent on the Mission, he obtained admission into the Society of Jesus, witli a dispensation from the regular novice- ship, in place of which his labours in the dangers of the Mission were to be counted. He was sent by his Superior into Worcestershire, and took up his abode at Hentip, the scatof Mr. Abington. ITicrc be laboured during seventeen j'cars with gi-cat zeal and equal success, and the many escapes he had from his persecutors seemed to be something mira- culous.

Or the discovery of the gunpowder plot, Fr. Henry Garnet, who was especially sought for by the King's officers, took refuge at Hcniip, and was eventually discovered in the same hiding- place with Oldcomc. They were both arrested as conspira- tors, and Oldcomc sent for trial to Worcester. He denied all knowledge of the conspiracy, until it was divulged by public

APRIL a]

MF.NOLOGT.

149

report, and there was no evidence gainst him until Littleton, one of the conspirators, in the hope of saving his own life, charged him with being of the number of the plotters. The unhappy man, however, when his expectation proved to be vain, on the scaffold acknowledged that his accusation was untrue, and humbly begged pardon of the injured priest.

Fr. Oldcornc met his death with great devotion and senti- ments of charity towards all, but continued to protest his innocence. The cruel sentence was fully carried out, and after his death there were not wanting various occurrences which appeared to be miraculous attestations of lijs guiltless- ness.— At the same time and at the same place, the Venerable Ralph Ashlev, a lay brother of the Society, also suffered death by hanging. The only charge which could be brought against him was that of aiding and abetting Fr, Oldcorne, by acting as his attendant, an offence which, according to tlic law then in force, was the crime of felony.

St. Brcnach. Cat. 31.

Lt/r. Tinm., fel. S;6; Cxpgt., tei. 34a; Nov. Leg., M. 36*; W. I andi: (Jhal.

V«n. Rawlins and Walpolc Hut. Challonci't Ml»a. PiicHx, vol. i.

Yepe* ; Fotcy'i

Diuin. Aichiv. Wentm., Chunpncy, p, git;

Catalogues V. Oldcorne and Aahley. Hlit. Chaltonci'i Ml»«. Piitsts, voL

ii. suid App. Wilson'* CauloKiu of Martyri.

THE EIGHTH DAY.

TAe hofy memory of ST. TiLUERT, Bishif of Hixham, tlu day ofivfutse deposition is not recorded.

St TBbcrt. St. Tli-BERT, otherwise called GiLiiERT, sue-

^P-^'jJ"^' cccded St. Akhmund aa Bishop of Hexham, ami

ruled the See for eight years; but little or nothing

is known of his Acts. He is called in the

Chronicles Saint and beloved Father.

Richitd of Hcxluttn (Twysd, Cel.>

Boll. (7 Sept.)

No)

Hia. Simeon Dunclm.. Act. Kcj;. (Tw^id. Cal., 110, iti).

ISO

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL e.

THE NINTH DAY.

T(u bUsstd trumcry of many holy Martyrs, tvha suffered /or tfu Christian Faith in ike Etuiern Counties 0/ Engiand about the year of Christ 870.

Mnoy

Martvre,

A.&

870,

The y^ear 870 is especially memorable for the crLcl outrages of the pagan Danes, who in difTcrcnt parts of the countiy slaughtered Innumerable victims, in their thirst for conquest and hatred of our holy religion, choosing in preference ecclesiastics and religious of both sexes. Lincolnshire and East Anglia were among the provinces which suffered most, and there, shortly before the glorious martyrdom of St Edmund, the chief monasteries were utterly destnjycd. Bardney.'xn Lincolnshire, where the relics of St. Oswald had long reposed, was entirely demolislicd, and all the monks murdered, without leaving so much as a record of their names. The same took place at Efy, where the two communities of men and women founded ly St Ethcldrcda were put to the sword. At PeUrboroHgh, then called Mcdchampstead, the Abbot Hedda and all his monks, in number eighty-four, were also exterminated, the shrines of the Sninti profaned, and the library burned. It was on the 26th or 30th of August that the barbarians reached Croyland, the celebrated retreat of St. Guthlac. The solemn Mass was just ended, but the clergy had not left the sanctuarj', when the pagans broke into the church. The celebrant, who was the Abbot Theoikire, the Deacon Elfgetus, and the Sub-deacon SAVrNUS, were murdered in tlie sacred vestments before the altar, and shortly afterwards the Acolylhs EcDREO and ULKIfK. Some of the community escaped, and hid tliemselves in a neighbouring forest; but those who sought to conceal themselves within their own walls seem all to liave been discovered and cruelly butchered. Amongst these were AsKEG.\R. the Trior, and Sethwjn, the Sub-prior, as well as two venerable monks. Gkimkeld and Agaml'ND, who had attained their hundredth year. The ahrine of St Gulhlac was profaned, and the holy place left in a state of complete

APRIL la]

MENOLOGY.

desolation. It was about the same time that the Monastery of Bfntiet Hulme, in Notfollt, was destroyed in the like manner, and the holy man SUNlMAN, for whom it had been built about hair a century before, put to death with all his community.

Among the Saints whose relics were venerated in the Abbe>' Church of Thomcy, in Cambridgeshire, we find the names of TORTURED. Thancuf.d, and Tova, who arc said to have been anchorets living at Thomcy, or, as it was then called, Ancarig, the former having suffered martyrdnm under the D.iiies in the same year, 870. Yet, according to the traditions of Brittany. Torthrcd escaped, and settled in that country, where a parish in the diocese of Quimpcr bears his name, as St. Tourcdcc.

For ih« nameaof (he Mul^t ofCroyluidwt h3v« no auihority but ihit of Ingulph. Lobineau, in willing of Tonhred, conroKi Thaiict wiiti Thorney.

ttg. W. I (a6 March) ; W. 3 (H

Much^ Clul. {31 Much), >Im h) ScpL (for

Soiiinuui).

Hiii. Mablll., Ana. a.d. 670.

In^fulph, A.n. 6;i>; Tannei. pi jjl; Btoinpion (Twysd. Col,,9i3>; John of Oicenden (KolU Ed., p. 410)1 SaAon MS. In Chal. 1 Lobineau, Saints de Bretagne, reL L, p. 71).

^\ THE TENTH DAY.

At Chcrtsey, »« Surrey, tiie eomtnemoralien of St. BEOCCA, Abhpt; St. Ethor, Priesf tint/ ^ferd; tc^eOur with eighty er ninety rtUgiotis men of the same ccmmunityy who u-trt huml in thtir mcnasttry, iti hatred of tide Christian Faith, by the pagan Danes, in their cruel ravages, about f/u year o/Christiyo. — Also, at Harking. « Essex, the precious memory of the religious wottun of (he Abbey founded by St. Erkomoald and St. Ethet- burga, nil of vjhom iifre put to death by the pagans for the same holy cause, and whose names, not l-nown on earth, are recorded in the Boob of Life. The dny of the passion of these holy Martyrs /las not been presented,

Lfg. Chal. (3t Dm., Chtjtlaey; 34 Saxon MS. tn Challoncr.

Utfcb, Bxiking). HftUntik Pom., iL, | 73.

HitI, (Clvert*ey) Brit Miu. Viidllui (Buldng) Dugd., Monait., !., p. 4J6.

A,Kut, E6I. 3>-]i6 (^aotcd in Dugd.,

Moiusl., I., p. 412).

ip

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL 11.

THE ELEVENTH DAY.

At Croyland, f/u deposition of St. GUTHl-\c, Confessori Priest, and Hermit. — At Tyburn, ilu fassion of the VemrabU George GervasE, Martyr, Priest, and Monk of the hoJy Ordir of St. Beatdict.

St. GnthlM. GUTHIJVC was adesccndant of the myal house ^p' of Mcrcia, and born in the region of the Mid- 7M- Angles. His childhood was remarkably innocent and devout ; but ax he adv.inccd towards man's estate, he eE^crly took up the profession of arms, collected a band of follo^vcrs, engaged in many feuds and petty wars with his rivals and opponents, and from these encounters gathered abundant spoil. At the age of twenty-four his conversion took place, in consequence of his serious reflections one night on the vanity of the world. This call from God he obeyed without hesitation and without reserve, and leaving all he had, betook himself to the double Monastery of Repton, then governed by the Abbess Elfrida. There he received the monastic habit ; and though the brethren were a little dis- pleased with what they considered his singularities and excessive austerities, still he was greatly esteemed, and lived with much edification.

Guthlac spent two years at Repton. during which he studied assiduously, and then resolved to retire into perfect solitude. For thb purpose he chose the Island of Croyland, in the midst of a vast marsh, and began that wonderful life, in which he persevered to the end of his course. He experienced frequent and most violent assaults from evil spirits, but was victorious over all, by the grace of Cod and the help of St- Bartholomew, on whose festival he had taken possession of the island. Many miracles were wrought by him ; and, by a singular privilege, beasts and birds and things inanimate were obedient to him. He received frequent visits from Prince Ethelbald, then a persecuted exile, but afterwards the powerful King of Mercia. Guthlac, whose gift of prophecy was most remarkable, pre-

APRIL 11.]

MENOLOGY.

153

dieted his future greatness, but solemnly warned hira to forsake his vices, and rule with moderation and justice.

Many others came to visit him for their spiritual benefit, and among them was St, Hedda, the Bishop of Dorchester. Swcrt and consoling was the conference of the two Saints, and at its conclusion St. Hcdda consecrated the oratory at Croyland, and insisted on promoting St. Guthlac to the priest- hood, which was done before he quitted the island. Some time before St. Guthlac was called to his eternal rest, the holy Edburga, who was now Abbess of Repton, sent him a leaden coffin and a shroud for his buriaU After spending fifteen years in hi« solitude, he was seized with his last short sickness on the Wednesday of Holy Week. He sent a message to his sister, St. Pega, to say that it had been no lack of brotherly love which had kept him from sccinjj her in this life, but a desire that they might meet with more joy in the world to come ; but that she should now come and preside at his burial He predicted the exact day of his death, and left with his attendant a secret message for his sister and his friend Egbert, to the effect that for a long time he had been viatcd morning and evening by an angel, from whom he had received great tight and the knowledfje of future events.

On the Wednesday of Easter Week, he himself took the Holy Viaticum from his altar, and, as he foretold, guvc up his 90ut to God with great joy. Angelic songs were heard in the island, and the sweet odours of sanctity were sensibly per- ceived by those present. St Pega came, as invited, to order the burial of the Saint. Ethclbald was overwhelmed with sorrow at the loss of his saintly father; and when the sacred body was translated after twelve months, and found entirely incorrupt, erected a beautiful monument over it ; and a little later, when he was King, founded the great Abbey of Croy- land. St Guthlac had four holy disciples living in separate cells near him. They were CisyA, from whom Fcltx, the writer of his life, gained much information; St. Bkthlin, honoured at Stafford ; EchKKT, the Saint's especial friend ; and TAnvixE. They continued to live in the same way even after the^foundation of the Abbey.

154

MENOLOGT.

[APRIL. 11.

V. George GEORGE GERVASE, Or JaRVIS, was the issue

as^'.' °^^ noted family of Boshatn, in Sussex. He lost A.D. his parents wlien he was twelve years of age, and soon after was, with two of his brothers, kidnapped by a pirate, and carried to the Indies. There he remained , twelve years, before he could find means toccturn to England, and in the incantimc entirely lost his religion. Finding that his elder brother was residing in Flanders, he went over to pay him a visit, and, through his good example and the instructions he received, was reconciled to the Catholic Church, and soon became a student of the English College at Douay. He remained there eight years, and was ordained priest A.l>- 1603, and the next year was sent on the Mission. ilc had laboured but two years, when he was arrested and banished, together with a number of other priests. Having, first visited Douay, Gervase proceeded to Rome on a pilgrim- age of de\'olion, and while there wished to join the Society of Jesus ; but his offer was not accepted, and he once more betook himself to his College in Flanders. His brother meanwhile had secured for him a comfortable provision at Lille, and wished him to settle there ; but the zeal of the future Martyr urged him to seek once more the dangers and glory of the Mission. He was soon discovered and apprehended, and on his refusal to take the new oath proposed l^ James I., was tried and condemned to suffer death for the exercise of his priestly functions. In his martyrdom, which took place at Tyburn, the holy man exhibited the fervour and constancy of the primitive Martyrs. Before leaving the Continent on his second MiKiiion, George Gervase had obtained admission to the holy Order of St Benedict at the hands of Fr. Bradshaw.

Si. GntblBc CaU. 3. s. 9. 13 «, t. e: i*. ij, (4, s6,

37- 54. 5*- 6s, 63. *j, 67. »a M,vu. K. I., N, P, R. Lfg. Ttntn-. fol. ftSt; Cap^., M.

tija ; Nov. Leg., fol. iCg-i ;

Whitt Bar. ; W. t and ) : Chal.

H;m. •** Aft. Life by Felix. MabiU..

Acta SS. Bened., *!te. iii., p. 137. Malmeib. Pont^ Iv., J i}i. Ingulph (Clite, L, p. i),

V. G. Gcfvise. Hilt, Challonct's Miu. Piinu, vol.

ii,: Dauay DiftrJM. Wcldon'a Not«», p. 74. Atchlv. WMimotiL, *ili..pp. 1S7. 191.

APRiiriariai

MENOLOGT.'

IS5

THE TWELFTH DAY.

/it Ralhmclsigi. in Irtiand, St. Wigbert, Conftssor and Monk.

StWiebert, CoiiT,, A.D

NoDaj.

St. Wigbert, commemorated on this day, who is not to be confounded with the companion of St Boniface of the same name, was one of the many English who passed over to Ireland in the seventh century, for the purpose of study and to attain greater perfcc* tion by a voluntary exile. Wigbert associated himself with St. Egbert in his retreat at RathmcUigi, and when that S^iint was prohibited by a heavenly vision from personally under- taking his contemplated mission to the old Saxons on the Continent, offered h imsclf for the apostolic labour. Tliis act of self- sacrifice was doubtless pleasing to God, but the success of the work wa'* reserved for St. Willibrord and his companions, and St. Wigbert, after spending two years in Fricsland, and preaching assiduously but in vain to the people and ihcir King Radbod, deemed it best to return to his beloved solitude in Ireland. There, by his holy example and many virtues, he rendered those services to his bretliren which the hard-hearted Frisians had refused to accept

Lig. ChaL (t> Oct.). Hiii. Beds, v., G. ix.

Alcuin'* t.ife oT Willibrord. i. 4. 1761. ChAUoncT (IS Ociobet).

THE THIRTEENTH DAY. At York, the blessed martyrdom of the venerabie senwits

of God, John LocKwooDrtW Edmi;nd CAXHEkicK. Priests, who died for the Faith, under King Charles /. — A/so the vene- rated fww(?ry<7/ William BisUOP, Titular Bishop of Choice- den, an eminent Confessor, in tfu caust of the Catholie itHgie>H.

V. John Lock John Lockwoou, who was sometimes called

iT'Sdini^' ^y '"'* "lather's name Lassels, w.-»3 the son of

Calherick. Christopher Lockwoiil, Esq., of Sorcsby in Ynrk-

A.D. shire. He inherited a considerable estate, but

***^ forsook all to devote himself to the ser\icc of God

as 3 priest of the Mission, and went for his course of studies

ise

MENOLOGY.

[APRTL 13.

to Rhcims or Douay. and aftcm-ards to Rome, where he was ordained priest.

After his return to England Lockwood was at least twice a prisoner for the Faith. In 1610 he was banished; and having made his way back, was again arrested, and this time condemned to death, tliough reprieved, and in the end released. It is not known at what period of his life these events took place ; but he liad reached a very advanced age when, for the last time, he was apprehended at the house of Mrs. Catenby, at Woodend, in Yorkshire, licing taken by certain pursuivants of the neighbourhood, who were acquainted with him, he was forthwith carried prisoner to York ; and so great was the cruelty with which the old man, now cight>'-sevcn years of age, was treated on (he jnumc>', as to move to compassion all the beholders, xvho well remem- bered it, and spoke of it long afterwards ; but the holy man thanked those who had been the means of his sufferings, and rewarded them with money. His priesthood being proved, the sentence of death followed as a matter of course, and he was sentenced to .sulTer with Mr. Cathcrick, a fellow-priest.

Ed.\iund CatHERICK was descended from the ancient family of the Cathcricks of CaHcton, also in Yorkshire. He was a student of Douay, and remained there till he was thirty years of age, and was then sent to England A.D. 1635. After labouring during seven years, he was arrested in the public road, and taken before a magistrale, who was connected with him by marriage, and knew him to be a priest. On this he was at once committed to York Castle, and soon aften.vards tried and condemned for high treason. The two Martyrs were to suffer together. King Charles 1. had granted them a reprieve, but soon withdrew it, to satisfy the clamours of the Parliament, and signed the warrant for their execution, which took place while he was staying with the I'rincc of Wales at the Manor, in York. The sheriff had ordered Mr. Catherick to mount the ladder first ; but his venerable companion, per- ceiving in his countenance signs of the natural fear of death, stepped forward and insisted on it, as the privilege of his years, that the first turn should be given to himself; and

APRIL la]

MENOLOGY.

157

having spoken words of tender encouragement to his fellow- Martyr, and pronounced a touching prayer in tlieir common names, offered himself as the first victim. So efficacious was this charitable assistance, that Mr. Catlierick (vas at once restored to perfect serenity and peace of mind. Most des'out were the last prayers of these servants of God, and most tender their commendation of their souls to their Divine Saviour. The sentence was carried out with circumstances of more than usual barbarity, and the venerated heads of the Martyrs were fixed on different gates of the city. That of Lockwood was so placed, that the King must have seen it every time he left the place of his residence.

It was but a short while after this execution when another missionary priest, who was commonly called Tomson, though his true name was Wilkes, died in York Castle, under sentence of execution for his priesthood. He was arrested at Malton, and kept in the stocks all day, till some one came forward and swore he knew bim to be the priest, who lived as chaplain to Lord Evcrs.

The (dice of the Mirlyri Lockuood and Catlietick were aftewaids taken dwrn. and enliutted by fjilh/ul hand" 10 the c»ie of Maiy Ward's Comniunity, then at Hcwniih, near York. They nvie Tmniiy convc}^ to tlic Comincnt, an4 u« ittU in the Convent of the In«itute of the B.V.M. U Aug»bac£.— ti/e v/ Mary It'orJ, vol. ii., pp. 4S& and 555,

wauam The servant of God, William Bishop, was ^^A^D.^^" ^e son of John Bishop. Esq. of Braylcs. in War- "'S24- wickshire, and was sent to the University of Oxford, After some years of study, he became dissatisfied with the Protestant religion and forsaking his worldly prospects and his estate, as well as his kindred and friends, went over to the College at Douay. In due time he was sent as a priest on this Mission, but was almost immcdialcty seized and thrown into prison, and in the year 1585 sent into exile. He took the opportunity of prosecuting his studies at Paris, and became a Doctor of the Sorbonnc, and then returned to bis apostolic work. After labouring some years in Eng- land, and enduring a second imprisonment and banishment.

158

MKKOLOGY.

[APRIL 14.

he was St length, in the year 1622, made Bishop of Chal- ccdon by Urban VIII., with jurisdiction over the faithful in England and Scotland. When about to return after his con- secration, he was advised by a member of the King's Privy Council to remain abroad, and exercise his offices by means of delegates; but he entirely rejected the proposal, and said that he did not come to England with 3 disposition to run away, but rather as a good shepherd, to lay down his life for his sheep. Dr. Bishop was a man of learning, and wrote various controversial tracts. His episcopate was of short duration, a& he died in the year 1624, and was succeeded by Dr. Richard Smith, who tt-as also created Bishop of Chalccdon.

Hill. Douaj' Dbficii. CbaUtrnci's Miia. FiieUs, voL ii.

Archiv, WcstmoR., xvii,, p, jOj.

THE FOURTEENTH DAY.

At St. David's, i« IVa/es, tht ftstival of ^t. Caradoc, Prmt and Hermit.

St. Caradoc, Car.\DOC was a member of the clci^ of

^H^^ Llaiidaff, and afterw'ard.i of St David's. Wishing

A-D- to end his days in retirement, he became a hermit

1124.

in rembrokcshire, where he attained a high degree of Christian perfection. At his death he was vener- ated as a Saint, and received a most honourable burial in the Cathedra] of St. David's. His sanctitj- and miracles were the admiration of all men, and efforts were made to obtain his formal canonization by the Holy Sec. The letter of Innocent in. to certain Abbots, enjoining them to investigate the truth of the acts related of liim and his miracles, is still extant ; but for some reason or other the process was never brought to a conclusion.

Cal. 51. HiiU. GimldD* Cunb.: Mui. Puis

Leg, Tinm., fol. 930; Capgr., fol. (Addend., p. xvj., fpi iclks).

4S>i tbuint): Nor, I^g., Ibl. 55 a; Haddon snd Slubbs, Councils, I., p.

White Add.; ChBl. 419;

APBIL 15. le.]

JIENOLOGY.

IS9

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

W/ Llanbadam Vaur, m Cardiganshiri, the festival ef %'V. Padarn or PateKKHS, Confessor and Bishop.

St. P»d«rn Several Saints bear the name of Paternus. "^"confi!' ^^^ °"^ commemorated to-day was intimately A-D. connected with Great Britain, though a native of Ilriltany, and the son of a holy man called Vctran, who had quitted his family and his coimirj- to embrace the religious state in Ireland St. Padam also forsook his home with the intention of joining his father ; but, by the order of Providence, he landed in Wales, and there found an ample field for the exercise of his zeal in God's service. He established the great Abbey of Llanbadarn Vaur, which is said to liavc been tlie seat of his bishopric, and, according to the tradition, built other monasteries and churches. He was indefatigable in preaching the Faith, consoling the sick and afHictcd, and ministering to the poor, while he was inccas-intly devoted to prayer and holy austerity of life. By such virtues he earned the title of one of the Blessed Visitors of Britain. According to the account received in Brittany, St Padam, after complet- ing his work in Wales, returned to his native country, and there reposed in the Lord.

Cat. SI. WhitR.Add.: W. »; Chal.

Ltn. Tintn., Ibl, 956; Cap^., fbl. Hilt. LabincAU, Saints dc Btetosnc, 3i7<i; Nov. Leg., Tol. 15SA, I, p. 35.

THE SIXTEENTH DAY.

At Hereford, tAa deposition of tfu My Prtfatf, ROBERT DE BETUN. Biskifp of that Set.

Sobnt de Robert DE Betun, after devoting much care

Bp C«Bt *° '^'^ early studies, turned his thoughts to the

A-D. clioice of the state of life, in which he might most

faithfully serve God and profit his own soul. On

mature deliberation, he determined to offer himself to the

i6b

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL la

Canons Regular of Llanthony, in Monmouthshire, by whom he was willingly accepted. In this holy house the piety and virtue, of which he had already given proof, rapidly developed, and he soon became a great servant of God. When elected PHor, Robert showed himself no less assiduous in the dis- charge of the external duties which his position involved. Moreover, he was of great service to his brethren in receiving their sacramental confc^isions, and in giving the spiritual direction they needed) in which it was apparent that he was often guided by a supernatural light This peaceful life, however, was to have an end. and the clergy of Hereford, on the recommendation of Henry I., chose him for their Bishop. Nothing could induce the humble Saint to accept the burden, until a positive mandate from the Pope put a stop to all opposition. As Bishop he was admirable in the discharge of his pastoral office, promoting in every ;vay the true interests of his Hock, and ordering his hou;»ehold in a way to give edifi- cation to all. In the year 114S he was summoned by Pope EugeniusIIl.to a Council at Rheims ; and though his health was failing, in a spirit of obedience he undertook the journey.

On the tJjird day, tlie Wednesday in Holy Week, the Saint completely broke down, and asked for the Sacra- ment of Extreme Unction, which was administered to him, according to bis desire, as he lay on the bare ground. For the remainder of the week he was completely absorbed in the contemplation of the Sacred Passion, towards which he expressed sentiments of the tcndcrcst devotion. He survived till the great festival, and on Easter day shared the joy of the Church on earth, but tlic next day passed away, to complete the paschal soLemmtics with tlic Saints in heaven.

The Pope, Blessed Eugcnius HI., visited him on the last day of his life, heard his confession, and greatly refreshed hira by his pious words. The remains of the holy Bishop were transported to Hereford, and, as they passed through London and other towns, were received with cxtraordinai)' tokens of veneration. Among those who displayed particular sorrow for his loss are mentioned King Stephen, and his brother Heniy, Bishop of Winchester. During this passage a number of striking

APRIL 17.]

l6t

miracles took place, which testified the favour which he enjoyed with God ; but it has not been ascertained whether hi* sepulchre ^vas frequented as a shrine, or whether the other honours usually paid to the Saints were publicly accorded to him.

WiUkm tit MalmtsibuTy describes Robert de Betnn a» a holy piclMc, alitl livini; Mhcn he wrote. Hupffidd's nanvtivc Is lalicn from ihc Li/f. by William. Piiof of t.Unthooy, kU eontainporuy, dvdiciled to Honry <rf Blo!*, KthopoT VVincheilcr,

Ug.Oal.

Kilt. Mft1fn«tb. PonL, iv,, | 169, Hwpftflcld. p. 37«.

THE SEVENTEENTH BAY.

At tJu Abbey of Citcaux, in Burgundy, the /tstk'oJ 0/ S>T. STF.rHEN. Confessor and Abbot. — At Tyburn, ihi passion of the (•Vflirrdd& Henry ^VJCXM, Martyr, Priest and Friar of tkt Order cf St, Francis, who gave his life for the Catholic Faith in the time of King Char Us I.

St StgAen, STEPHEN HaRDINC was an Englishman of A.EI ' go<«J i>3rcntage. who received his first education "34- at the Monastery of Sherburne, in Dorset For the sake of further improvement, he aftcnvards travelled with one companion, with whom he recited tlic whole psattcr each da/. He remained some time at Paris, where he devoted himself to study, and afterwards visited Rome. On his return, he heard of the wonderful holiness and perfection of the monks cstabh'shcd at Molcsm, under the conduct of Sl Robert, and cast in his lot with them.

Soon, however, the discipline of this monastery became relaxed, and ceased to satisfy the a.«pirations of Robert, Alberic, Stephen, and the more fcr\'cnt part of the community, who obtained the permission of Hugh, Archbishop of Lyons and Papal Legate, to form a new foundation at CJteaux, Though they had much to suffer from poverty, amounting to destitution, los^ of their subjects, and other causes, yet the

II

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL 17.

blessing of God was upon them. They never flagged in their most austere ob.servance, and after a while, when Stephen was Abbol, their day of prosperity dawned.

He was the third Superior in succession to Robert and Albcric, and su great were his services to the Order, that some writers have considered him the veritable founder. It was when their condition was at its lowest ebb, and their numbers greatly reduced, that the Saint learned by revela- tion that a happy change was at hand ; and very shortly afterwards he bad the consolation' of receiving as his subject the great St. Bernard, with ftiirty young companions, con- verted from the love of the world. From that date all things began to prosper, after the manner desired by the holy monk, who sought only the glory of God and the perfection of those under his charge. Hitherto, Citcaux had been the only monastery of the Order, but now it became the mother house of a large, united congregation. New foundations and affiliations succeeded one another, not in France only, but in all parts of Christendom, and before St. Stephen's death they numbered at least a hundred house*, which, to the admiration of all men, maintained their original austere observance for several generations without the least relaxation- It was St Stephen also who settled the Constitutions, the object of which was to guard the unmitigated Rule of St Benedict, and obtained the sanction of the Holy See. Pope Calixtus H.. when he was Guy, Archbishop of Vicnnc, had visited Citcaux, and from that time conceived a, great admira- tion for St Stephen and his companions, and was ever ready to extend his protection over them. Indeed, so great was his affection, that by his express wish his heart was carried to Citcaux, and buried in the Abbey Church.

For many years the Saint continued to labour in the great work to which he was c.-iUe<i ; but at length, when he perceived that his end was approaching, he obtained the sanction of his breUircn for the election of a new Abbot-General. He did not long survive this change, and went to his everlastinj,' rest in sentiments of the most profound humility. According to Ihc annalist of tlie Order, St Stephen died on the 28th March ;

APRIL 17.]

MENOLOGY.

»63

but his principal fcstivaJ is ob&crvcd on the 17th April, sa'td to be the da.y of his canonization.

V. Hrarj

Hiwtb.

OS.F.,

Mart..

AD.

t63A.

The Venerable Henrv Heath, who was called in religion Father Paul nf St Magdalen, was a nati%'C of Peterborough, and was educated at Bcnuct College, Cambridge, as a Protestant, where he was remarked for his devotion to study and his well ordered life. After taking his degree, he was cnadc librarian to his college, and so led to study works of religious controversy, which brought about his conversion, as well as that of several fellow -students. In consequence of this change he was obliged to leave Cambridge, and went to Ixindon, where he had much difficulty in finding a priest to reconcile him to the Church. When this was at length accomplished, Heath at once went over to Douay for the pur- pose of -Study, but had not been long at the College when his vocation was discovered to be to tlie Order of St. Francis. In that holy retirement he led a life of remarkable austerity and ardent devotion, at the same time making rapid ]>rogrcss both in divine and human science.

It was about the year i64[ that he felt himself called upon to sacrifice his life for hi.-! fcllow-counlrymcn in England, and, after repeated entreaties, obtained the sanction of hia HUperiors. through the intercession of our Blessed Lady, to whom he was singularly devoted. The holy friar started in a state of most abject poverty, having refused all cffcrs of temporal assistance ; so that, when he reached London, he could find no refuge, and sat down to take a little rest on the door-step of a house. When the master returned, at a late hour, and found a man lying in the door\vay, he naturally supposed it was a burglar attempting to enter his house, ami had him arrested. In consequence of this he was searched, and certain papers were discovered in the cap he wore, which excited the suspicion of the constables as to his true character. At his trial he would in no way conceal his priesthood, and was forthwith sentenced to death for high treason. His be- haviour was most heroic, and yet most humble, both before the

l64 MENOLOGY. [APRIL 18, 19.

court and in his cell, where he was visited by great numbers of people, Protestants as well as Catholics. On reaching the gallows at Tyburn, he commended his soul to God, and with the rope round his neck began to speak to the people ; but his discourse was cut short by the minister in attendance. The Martyr submitted, and after half-an -hour's silent prayer, and a hymn recited aloud, offered himself to the executioner. With his last breath he cried to Jesus for the pardon of his sins, and for the conversion of England. He was allowed to hang till death, after which he was quartered and beheaded, his head being fixed on London Bridge. It was observed that in the cart before the gallows, this zealous Martyr recon- ciled a criminal, who was to be executed at the same time.

Si. Stephen. V. Henry Heath.

Mnrt. Rom. Hist. Douay Distries ; Challoner's

Lrg. W. 2 ; Chai.; Henriquez (Menol. MisB. Piiens, vol. ii.

Cister.). Certamen Secaphicum ; Hope's Fran-

Hist. Manriquez, Anal. Cister,, i., p. ciscan Martyrs.

1, tt icq,

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY.

In Ireland, tfie commemoration of St. OlcaNUS, Bishop mid Confessor, a Briton by birth, and a disciple of St. Patrick. He was made Bishop ofDerkan, in Armagh. — Also in Ireland, the commemoration of St. Bitheus and St. Genocus, religious men of the British nation, wlio accompanied St. Finian of Clonard on his return from Britain to Ireland. The day of the deposition of these Saints is tiot known. Genoms is supposed to be the saiiu as Mogenochus, also spoken of as a Saint.

Leg, Cbal. {v> Feb, and 13 May). Hitt. Jocetin of Furnesi.

Lanigan's Hist., vol. L, pp. 341,465.

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

At Greenwich, t/u passion of St. Elphege, Bisltop and Martyr. — At Tyburn, the blessed martyrdom of the Venerable James Duckett, who suffered in tlie persecution of Queen Elizabetlt.

APRIL 19.]

MENOLOGY.

165

St. Elphce*. ELniECE, otherwise called Ml.vnEMi, from A D*^' ^'* early years sliowed a taste for study and the io«. practices of piety, Jind soon adopted the monastic life in the Monastery of Deerhurst, in the diocese of Worcester. After a while, his desire for solitTidc induced him to retire to a small cell, which he chose for himself at Batli. Neverthe- less, his reputation for sanctity soon brought around him a number of religious men, for whom he was obliged to build a monastfrj', and undertake its government.

When St. Ethclwold was called to his heavenly reward, St. Cunstan perceived that Elphege was the fittest man to be his successor, and accordingly consecrated him Bishop of Win* Chester. Though simple of heart, he was prudent in the government of his flock, and, following the example of his predecessor, was, above all. careful in the interests of his own souh His auslcrilies were very great ; flesh meat he ncvtr ate, unless compelled by severe sickness: rarely did he taste wine, and his emaciated form gave evidence of the severity of his abstinence. It was also a custom of his to leave his house, silently and unobserved, at night and go to the river, when he would stand up to his waist in the cold stream, until daybreak warned him that he must return, if his penance was to be kept secret from man.

After an episcopate of twenty-two years at Winchester, much against his will he was promoted to the Metropolitan See of Canterbury ; and in that exalted position, notwith- standing the troubles of the time, was able to do much for the cause of religion. Elphege went to Rome to receive the pallium from tlie successor of St. Peter, and while he was there and on his way home, various miraculous occurrences took place, which showed how greatly he was favoured by God.

When he had happily ruled his chiirdi for about seven years, the city of Canterbur)' was besieged and captured by the Danes, and among the prisoners vv.as the holy Archbishop, who had refused to escape when he might easily have done so, in order not to leave hia flock without such protection as be might be able to afford thcnrL He did what was possible

1G6

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL 19.

to check the slaughter which ensued, but in vain. His zeal marked him out as an object for the fury of the pagans, and he wrw arrested and kept in prison for several months. During the interval, however, a tcri^lc pestilence broke out among the pagan invaders, which convinced them that they had in* curred the anger of God by their act, and accordingly the Saint was released. The charity of Elphegc towards his enemies u'as then shown by the miraculous cure of the sick, who ate the bread which he had blessed for their us& KcvcrthclcsB, the avarice of their leaders would not suffer him to go free without an exorbitant ransom, to be collected from the possessions of the Church. The holy man, however, would not consent to purchase his own deliverance at the ex- pense of the patrimony of the poor and of his Sec, and refused the tcnns proposed, while he freely offered them the true riches of the Gospel of Christ

Upon this, the incensed pagans rushed upon him, stoned him to death, and so secured for him the glorious crown of martyrdom. After some disputes, the Christians were allowed to carry* away his sacred remains, which were piously interred in the Church of St. Paul in London. There they remained for about eleven years, after which they were solemnly trans* latcd to Canterbury by the Archbishop Gthelnoth, in the presence of King Canute. Great was the devotion of all beholdcriwhcn the holy body was found entire, and the blood still fresh which he had shed for his Master's sake. Many were the miracles which God was pleased to work, in testimony of the heavenly glory of this blessed Martyr.

V. Jmmn The Venerable jAMES DlJCKETT was bom in

''"*A^' ** '^^'^''*'"°'''^''*-"*'* ^"^ ^^' finishing his schooling i<So3. was sent to London and bound apprentice to a tradesman. He was brought up a Protestant, and was very zealous in the cause, till one day a fricrnJ lent him a book, entitled T^' Fmtndalit>» ef the CntktJie Rrligiott. The pcrus.-il of this work made a great impression on his mind ; and after' a time he became convinced of the falsehood of his former belief and ceased to attend the church. This change was

AFBIL 19.]

MENOLOGY.

167

noticed by some of his acquaintance, who went to inform the rninUtcr of the parish of it This man sent for Duckett, and endeavoured, but in vain, to reclaim him to htsown flock ; mid on his refusal he was committed to Bridewell. His master procured his release, as also from a second imprisonment in the Compter, but, seeing that these proceedings were likely to involve him trouble, agreed to break the articles of his apprenticeship, and left him free. Duckctt then sought how to obtain instruction in the Catholic doctrine, and within two months was reconciled by Mr. Weeks, a venerable priest, then a prisoner in the Gatehouse. His life was ever most exem- plary and devout, and after about three years he married a good Catholic widow, with whom he lived the rest of his days, as far as his frequent imprisonments allowed. Mr. Duckett maintained himself principally by dealing in books, *>th which he contrived to Rupplj- many Catholics, to their great spiritual benefit. This exposed him to many prosecutions and penalties, and it is said that, out of the twelve years of his married life, nine were spent in guol. At length a certain bookbinder, who had been employed by him, and was now condemned to death for some offence against the laws in- formed against him, in hope, it is supposed, of receiving his own pardon. Jualice Popham thereupon ordered Uuckett's house to be searched, and the result was the discoverj- of certain religious book.'L The charge against hira was that of felony, but the jury at first acquitted him, until Popham insisted that they should reconsider the verdict, which they did, and reluctantly brought him in guilty. Before his exe- cution, the Martyr spoke to his wife in the most pious and touching manner, and exhorted her to thanlt God for the grace conferred on him of being reckoned among thieves, as his Lord and Master had been. It so hapi>encd, that the wretched man who had informed against him, so far from receiving his own pardon, was sentenced to die at the same time with his victim. They were taken to Tyburn in the same carl, and Duckett not only freely forgave him, but ex- pressed his perfect charity, and exhorted him to die a Catholic. Even when the ropes were about their necks, he gave him a

i68 MENOLOGY. lAPHIL aOt

cordial embrace, and with this hercdc act submitted to hi^^ seoteDce.

JOHK CouKK. anotfaer Catholic, ic i^mted bv Di. Cbaaipnev to have 6uBii3cd far tbe tame oiiic, bni he could not t^ vbabts 'a ww st the iaric time or noL

St. Upbeat. Call. I, 4, ;. B, 9, 11, 13 0, i, c, 14, 15, Kor. Leg., bd- I2&i ; TCliitl Sat. : j8. 24. 26. 37, 39. 41, 46, 48, 54. sfi, W. I and 1 ; Chil 58, 6}, fij, 67, 9;. 102. ma and Act. HmhDcA. Pom., i.. f

Maris. Rom.. H, K. L, K, P. Q, B. », ii., | 76; Reg., H., J 165.

JL^f. Timm.,I61.97a;Capgr.,JbL94£; AngL Sac (life bj- OsbanK, vnL d..

p. 12J). V. JamaDockctX. ffist. Chxlloner's Mim. PiiettE, voL Archjr. Wcsubob.. tiL, p. 139 : iL CluiDpiicj, p. loxx.

THE TWENTIETH DAT.

At Rome, tAe deposition of St. Ce.\dwa1-La, Confessor, King of the West Saxons. — At Lancaster, the blessed martyr- dom oftfu venerable servants of God, James Bell, Prust, and John Finch, Layman, who suffered under Elizabeth in the year 1584.— .^/Tyburn, the passim of the Venerable RICHARD SkkceaKT and the Venerable WILLIAM THOMPSON, boA. Priests, wJiose martyrdom was aawnplis/ied in the year 1586. — At York, themartyrdom of the Venerable Antonv Page, Priest, wlio died for the Faith in the year 1593.—^/ Tyburn, in the year 1G02, the glorious triumph of three venerable Priests, Tjiomas Tichuokne, Robert Watkinson, and Francis Pa»-;e, of tlu Society of Jesus, all of witom Joyfully sacrificed their lives in tlie cause of the Catholic Religion.

St CMd- CeadwalLLA, a young prince of the reigning

Kfrt^Owifi, '^'"'ly of^ Wcsscx, who had not as yet received

AjD. baptism, made a cruel inroad into the neighbouring

kingdom of Sussex, and slew King Edilwalch io

battle. For the time he was soon forced to relinquish his

ctmquest, and return to his own country ; but afterwards he

succeeded to the crown of Wcsscx, and then again reduced

APRIL aoj

MENOLOGY.

169

Sussex to the most severe bondage. He also subdued the Isle of Wight, intending to exterminate the natives and sub- stitute his own subjects in their place. Strange to say, though not yet a Christian, he vowed to devote a fourth part of the land and of his spoil to Christ, and after his victory hastened to fulfil his promise, by placing it in the hand.s of St. Wilfrid, who happened to be with him at the time

Ceadwalla governed his states with .singular energy and ability during two years, when, touched by divine grace, he resolved to abandon all he had on cartll, for Che everlasting kingdom of Christ. His cherished wish was to receive bap- tism at the tomb of the Holy Apostles in Rome, and it was his fcn'ent hope that God would call him out of this world, while unstained in his baptismal innocence. In both these respects his pious desire was fully satisfied. He was baptised by Pope St Scrgius I. on Holy Saturday, and received the name of Peter, Almost immediately afterwards he was seiitcd with the fatal sickness, which carried him out of this world, according to his prayer, while he yet wore his while baptismal garment. The Pope ordered him lo be buried in St. Peter's, and a laudatory epitaph to he inscribed on his tomb. When the new Basilica was erected, the relics of St Ceadwalla were translated to the Crj-pt.

V. Jftrnei The Venerable Jamkj Bell was born at War-

'ua*^ rington, and educated at Oxford. He had been V.WinFincli.ordained priest in the reign of Queen Mary, but BIm"' on the accession of Eliiabcth conformed to the J^ time-s and exercised the functions of a Frolcstanl minister,for 3 ijumbcr of years. A severe sickness in 1581 and the remonstrances of a pious Catholic had the happy effect of bringing him to a better state of mind. On his recovery he devoted Iiimsclf to penitential exercises, and for about two years laboured zcalou^^ly for the spiritual welfare of his neighbour. This change of life could not long pass unobserved, and Bell was arrested by a pursuivant, and sent first to Manchester gaol and then to Lancaster for trial. He was arraigned in company with other Catholics, and on that

t/o

MEKOLOGV.

[APRIL ao.

occasion, as he had also done M the time of his seisurc, Tcar- lessly acknowledged his priestly character, his former apostasy, and his subsequent reconciliation, utterly renouncing the Queen's spiiitual supremacy. When thcjudgc had pronounced the sentence of high treason, the martyr said to him : " I beg your lordship would add to ihe sentence that my Hps and the tips of my fingers be cut off for having sworn and subscribed to the aTticles of heretics, contrary both to my conscience and God's tnith". He spent the ensuing night in prayer and sufTcrcd the next day, with great constancy and joy, being sixt)' years of age.

The Venerable John Finch was born in the parish of Eccleslon, in Lancashire. Having married and settled in the world, his thoughts were turned to the religious questions stated at the time. After a long and serious examination, he was thoroughly convinced of the claims of the Catholic Church ; and on his reconc ilia lion became so fervent a convert, that he not only tost no means of itnnctifying his own soul, but laboured in every possible way for the salvation of others. The chief work to which Finch devoted himself was the re- ceiving and succouring in every way the missionary priests, who came into his neighbourhood. He made it his business to guide them from house to house, where they were expected, and where they would have the opportunity of exercising their ministry, and to lighten their labours by acting as catechist. Through the treachery of a false brother he was at length arrested by the officers of the Earl of Derby, and forcibly dragged along the ground to the Protestant church, his head beating on the stones, and thereby grievously wounded. He was then thrown into the vilest of dungeons, where he had no bed but the bare ground, and no food bnt a scanty supply of the coarsest kind. These sufferings and others were pro- tracted for years, before he was brought to trial. At last the day of his happy release arrived, and he was condemned, for maintaining the jurisdiction of the Pope in England, and rejecting the Queen's dupremacy. He heard his sentence with joy, having long desired to die for so holy a cause, and was executed at the same time with James Bell.

APRIL. 20.]

MEKOLOGY.

'71

V. Rkhud The Venerable RICHARD SerceaNT. somc-

^'"wili^iMf *'f^^ known by the names of Lf.E and Loxo,

Thompson, was the son of a Kcntlcman of GIouce^lerHhire,

Uartrre, and a student and niis,sioncr of the College of

™^- Rhcims. He was a man of considerable learning,

and for some time laboured in this country, to the

benefit of many souls. He was arrested and condemned on

the new statute of 27 Elizabeth, for being a priest and

remaining in England.

The Venerable William Thompson, also called Black- burn, was a native of Blackburn, in Lancashire, and a priest of the same College of Rhcims. He was equally courageous arid successful in his missionary calling, administering the holy Sac- raments to Catholiea in themidstof many perils.and reclaiming heretics to the truth. He was condemned on the same charges as Sergeant, and executed at the same time and place with him.

V. Aston; The Venerable AntoNV PaOE belonged to a

**°5?b" ' g<'^"*'<^'Tian's family, resident at Harrow-on-the- iSW- Hill, in Middlesex. He went through his studies at Rhcims. and, being ordained priest, was sent on the Mission in 1592. Dr. Champncy was Iiis contcmporarj- at college, and has left a record of his singular meekness and purity of life, as well as of his great piety and more than ordinarj' learning, qualities which endeared him to his fcllow- studcnts. In England he soon fell into tlic hands of the adversaries of the Faith, and was thrown into prison, where he had much to suffer. He held several disputations with the Protestant ministers before his trial. He was. however, ruth- lessly condemned for high treason, on account of his sacerdotal office, and suffered all the legal penalties at York.

V. Thomas The Venerable THOMAS TiCJIBUKN belonged

TjchWrn. M-no an ancient family of Hampshire, am! began hi*

Watkinson. higher studies at the College of Rheims, from

V ^uKis ^*'^'^'* ^^ passed to Komc. Having been ordained

Pm«. priest, the young n^an was sent on the English

j^ Q*'" Mission, and felt inio the hands of the enemies of

ifita. his Faith. For some years he suffered imprison-

172

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL 30.

tnent, till at last he effected his escape, wHth the help of Hackshot and a cousin of his own, who were put to death in consequence of this deed. But it was not long bcfcrc Thomas Tichburn was again arrested, through the betrayal of a fallen priest, who had become a spy of the Queen's Government. On this occasion he was brought to trial, and condemned merely on account of his priesthood. His health was already ruined, so that bis sentence is to be considered a special favour of God, Who granted him this glorious death, instead of taking him out of the world in the ordinary course of sickness.

The Venerable RoBERT \V.^TK1NS0N, a native of Yorkshire, stuflicd partly at Douay and partly at Rome. In consequence of his bad health, his ordination wa.s ha.stencd, and he was sent into England in April, 1602. [n London, while he was under the care of a physician, he was betrayed by a false brother, and condemned and executed widi Ticlibuni and Page. The day before his apprehension, as he was walking in the street, he was met by a venerable man, who saluted hi ni in the name of J esus, and said, " You seem to be troubled with many iiilirmities, but be of good cheer, for within four days all will be over". This circumstance appeared to those who were aware of it to be miraculous, considering how exactly the prediction was fulfilled. It is also related that, having contrived to celebrate Maiss on the morning of his execution, the server at the altar, who was himself a prisoner for the Kaith, perceived a bright light, like a ray of glory, playing about him. till at the time of Communion it rcMcd on his head, and then disappeared.

The Venerable Fkancis Page belonged to a gentleman's family residing at Harpow-on-thc-Hill, but some say he was born at Antwerp, He was brought up a Protestant, and chose the law as his profession, While he was engaged in this pursuit in London, a Catholic friend induced him to con- sider with care the question of religion, the result of which was that he was received into the Church by Fr. Gerard Thompson. Not only did Page become a sincere Catholic, but so great was his zeal, that he renounced alt his worldly

APBII> 31.]

MENOLOGV.

i/J

interests, and an advantageous marriage which he had in prospect, and went over to the College at Douay to prepare himself for Holy Orders. He was ordained priest, and sent to England in the year iCoo. He had not been long in London «hcn he narrowly escaped arrest in the house of Mrs, Line the Martyr, having only time to tal<c off his vestments, and go out by a secret passage, when the pursuivants entered the room. After this he diligently devoted himself to the work of the Mission, until he was .apprehended by the treachery of a wicked woman, who for the sake of lucre made it her business to betray priests. The Martyr was examined before Chief-Justice Popham, and sent lo Newgate to await hi» trial. At the next sessions he was arraigned togetlier with his fellow-Martyrs, Tichbum and Watkinson, and with tlicm condemned, merely on account of his priesthood. Page was favoured during the intcr^'al with c,\traordinar>' heavenly con- so1ation.<i, as he declared to Mr. Lloyd, a priest and fcllow- prisoner, who assisted him with his ministrations. Our Lord, however, willed that he should ta.stc the bitterness of His own passion, and for a season allowed him to be tried with intense desolation and dejection, which lasted until he received the message to prepare for execution. Then all his joy returned, and he sufTered with the most perfect sentiments of devotion 'and thanksgiving. It was then he took the opportunity of publicly declaring citlier that he had taken a vow lo enter the Society of Jesus, or had actually been received as a novice.

St. CtadwalU. Ltg. W. I and 1 ; Chal. Hut. Beda, W.. c 15, 16 : v„ c. 7.

HUt, Douay Dlwka; Ctullonci'* F9le)''ii Recondu ; Conccrtatio. fg|.

Miw. Prioiu, vol. i, iCo, 1C4.

Stowe; Morc'> Hiii. oi English Pro- Atchiv. Wcstm., tii-, p. 355; Champ-

"tow S.J. ney. pp. 786. Sjj, 901. 1013.

THE TWENTY-FIRST DAT.

At Clunnock Vaur, l/te /ejlnvl of St. Beuko, Ccnfessor and AMtoi. — At Canterbury, the deposition of St. ANSF.LM. Bishop, Confessor, and Dottor of tiie Chunk.

<74

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL 21.

St Beuno, St. Beuno is mentioned [n the Acts of St

A.'d ' Winefridc as her uncle and the spiritual guide of

*33c. her early years. He was the founder of the Monas-

*'■ tery of Clunnoclt Vaur, in Cam.\rvonshire, which

in later times passed into the hands of the Cistercians, and

possessed one of the finest churches in Wales. U was in this

retreat that he was called to his everlasting rest The ancient

day of hi.'i commemoration is not known ; but the list April

was assigned to it by Pope Pius IX., in favour of the Coll^fi-

of the Society of Jesus, which bears his name, near St. Asaph.-*

St. Anselm, AnselM was a native of Aosta.on the southern

^'doci^!^'" ^°P^ °^ ^^^ '^'P*- ^" **'^V youth he left his home A.D. to place himself under the guidance of the re- nowned Lanfranc, who was then a monk of Bee, in Normandy. Under his conduct Anselm made rapid pro- gress in the study of theology and all branches of knywiedgc, and. what l.i more important, in virtue and holincs.^ of liTe. At the age of twenty-seven he made his monastic profession, in the same house under the Abbot Herluin. and three years later, when Lanfranc removed to Caen, succeeded him as Prior. Eventually, on the death of Herluin, he became Abbot ; and it was while he held this oflice that business obliged him to visit England for the first time. The Church": and the nation were then suficring cruelly under the tyranny of William Rufus, who, among other enormities, had kept the See of Canterbury vacant for four years, and was squandering the revenues at his pleasure. He had refused the constant solicitations of the Bishops and others to allow a Metropolitan to be chosen ; but just at this time he was seized with a dan- gerous sickness, and under the terror of the divine juds^ments began to feel remorse for his sins. He summoned Anscim to his bedside, whose sanctity and learning were well known, humbly made his confession, promising amendment and such reparation as might be possible. The King began well, and his first step was to declare that an Archbishop should be chosen, and that Anscim should be the man, to the great joy of the assembled Bishops.

AFBIIt 21.)

MENOLOGY.

175

The Saint refused the dignity in the most persistent manner, but the pastoral staff was forced into his hand, and he was actually dragged into the church to sing the " Te Deum " of thanksgiving. Wheti further resistance was utterly impossible, he at length yielded, was consecrated, and received the pall sent to hiin from Rome. Mis episcopate was a long martyrdom, endured at the hands of the miserable king, who. after risiny from his bed of sickness, soon relapsed into his former course of crime and oppression. Ansclm, who, sad to say, found but little and wavering support from his brother prelates, had to meet the .storm almost alone ; but his heroic sanctity was sufficient for the need. He never swerved from his stern duty, yet never lost his respect fur his sovereign, or the sweet serenity of his demeanour.

At length Ansclm, perceiving that his presence was in- jurious rather than otherwise, left the kingdom and made his way to Rome. Everywhere he was regarded as a Saint and a Confessor, and received special marks of esteem from the Pojw, who was then the Blessed Urban tl. His absence was prolonged, and during the interval he was present at the Council of Bari, where, in a most learned diitcourse, he refuted tlie heresy of the schismatic Greeks, regarding the Troccssion of the Third Person of the Holy Trinity.and afterwards, by his earnest intercession, delayed the excommunication, which the Pope was about to pronounce against the king. The troubles, however, did not cease ; and it was not till the accession of Henry I. that the Saint was recalled to his flock. The peace was not of long continuance. The nciv king practised the same encroachments on the Jurisdiction of the Church, claimed the same right of investiture, and in the same way interfered with appeals to the Holy Sec, and consequently the Saint was again obliged to go to Komc, to ask tlie protection of the Pontiff, who was then Paschal 11.

After many stru^les and disputations, the king nt length began to take a better course, received the Archbishop gra- ciously at Bee, and invited him to return to England. The few remaining years of the Saint's life were spent in compara- tive peace. He held a Council at Westminster, and r(^ulatcd

MENOI.OGY.

[APRIL aa.

many [mportant matters, consecrated Bishops for a number of vacant sees, and devoted himself to the work of a zealous pastor of souls. Ansclm was a. man of unusually great learning, and by his writings, most of which were com- posed during his exile, has merited the title of Doctor of the Church, While yet alive, his sanctity was attested by many miracles, which were greatly multiplied on his death. He died the death of the Saints in the year 1 109, and ivas buried in his Cathedral Church.

At a later date his body was solemnly translated to a more honourable shrine, and a festival kept on 5tli July.

St. Bcuno. Lfg. W. I and a: Chal. {14 Jan.). Hitt. anJ Atlt. Lire of Si. Wnc&iJc. Lcland, Itiit., vol, v., p, 14.

St. An«Glni. Call. 10, 41. Mar/i. Rom.. K. Q. Ltg. Tinni.,fui. icobiCap£r.,ltd.i4ui '

Nov. Ug., M. 14*: White S*r.

<" Apr., s July, 18 UuchJ; W. i

andi; Chal. Htil. Eaixna'alASe; HabuMb. Poni.,

•■■8 45 •■'*'«.

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

At Redbridge, near ScufhamptoH, the pious memory of the two BroHurs Akw.\ld, siain in their bapiismai ittnoceme t>y the erutl command of tJte conqueror of their falhtrs dominions.

The two Ccadwalla, prince of Wessex, being himself as

S^^mm'' y^' unbaptiscd, conquered the Isle of Wight, and

A.D. mcdituled the entire extirpation of the pa^an in-

No [>M. liabitants. The hvo sons of Arwald, the ruler of the island, were sent for refuge to the mainland, but were betrayed, and ordered by Ccadwalla to be im- mediately put to dcatK The Abbot Cynibert of Hreutford, or Redbridge, hearing of this, hastened to the conqueror, to beg that, if they must needs die, he might at least be allowed to instruct and baptise them. This petition was granted, and the holy man instructed them, and fortified them with the holy Sacraments. After this they were led to execution j

APRIL 23, 34.]

MENOLOGY.

^77

and St. Bede informs us that they met tlicir death with joy, not doubtmg that by means of this temporal death they were to pass to the perpetual life of the souL Ltg. W. I (38 Jan.] : W. 2 (il Aug.). HUt. Beda, iv., c. i6.

THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY.

The passicn of thi gforwus Martyr, St. GeorCE, Protector of tht Kingdom, ivkose festival is kept en this day throughout the Ckureh.

St Georjc, The great Martyr, St. GeokgE, suffered with ^jj admirnble constancy in the persecution of Dio- 303 «. cletian. When peace was granted to the Church, on the accession of Constantinc, St George began to be greatly venerated by the Christians of the East ; churches were soon erected in his honour, and by common consent he received the title of the Great. The devotion quickly spread to the West, and in an especial manner among our ancestors, who invoked him as the tutelar Saint of their wars, and ascribed many great victories to his intercession.

Pope Benedict XIV. declared St. George Protector of England, and his festival is kept as a double of the first class throughout the countr>'-

C«f<, I, 3,3.4,7,10. 130, £,f, 14, 15. .Viirf. Rom.

iS. 24. 37. }S, ]^ 4E>54. 3S. 59. 6>, Leg. WWlf. S«i. : W. t audi; CluJ. 63, 6s> ^* 45t lo^

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY.

Ai Canterbury, tfu dtposition of St. Mellitus, Confessor and third Archbishop of that Mftropoiitan Sec. — fa the Isle of lona, or Hy, the defiosiiioH of ST. EGBERT, Confessor and Monk. — At the Abb<^ of Ramsey, and at St. Ives, in Hunting- donshire, the ini-fHtton of the Sacred Relics of ST. Ivo, Bishop and Confessor. — /« Wales, the festival of St. DvfraN. — In Northumbria, the translation of St. JWilkrid. Bishop etnd Confessor.

12

tfi

[APRIL 94.

St MeUitus. Mellitus was one of the second company o* ^^JLa"^" niissioncrs whom St. Gregory sent to join St tofl- Augustine in the year Goi. He is styled Abbot, and is supposed to have been of the same Monastery of St Andrew, as were both St Gregor>' and St Augustine. The Pope sent by him a quantity of Sacred Relics, vessels far the altar, vestments, and church furniture of every kind. He was also the bearer of the Pallium for the first Metropolitan, with letters for him and for King ElhelberL While Mellitus was yet on his journey, St Gregory wrote him a letter, containing special instructions as to the manner of dealing with the new converts. Instead of destroying all their temples, such as were fit for the purpose were to be blcs.sed and turned into churches ; and the victims, which they had been accustomed to sacrifice to idols, were to serve to keep a jo)'fuI feast on the solemnities of the Saints. St Augustine shortly before his death. con>iecratcd Mellitus Bishop r>f the East Saxons, and placed his Sec in the city of London and in the Church of St Paul, which Kini;^ Cthclbert built for his catlicdral.

After the death of the Archbishop, of St Ethelbcrt of Kent, and the pious Sigebert, King of Essex, the cour»c of events was most unfavourable for religion in England. The sons of Sigebert, stiJl pagans, insisted that Mellitus should give them the Holy Communion, as they had seen him do to their father. When the Saint assured them that it was impossible while they were yet unbaptised, they obliged him to leave their territory, whereupon, with the sanction of St, Lawrence, the new Archbishop, he retired to France. After a time, when matters had improved in Kent, he was able to return to England, but never regained possession of his own diocese of London. On the death of St. Lawrence, he was chosen Arch- bishop, and held the See during five j-ears, always weak in bodily health, but full of heavenly courage. The changes of this life made little impression on him, as his thoughts were always fixed on things above. One of tlic many miracles he wrought has been particularly recorded. A terrible fire broke out, and threatened the destruction of the whole city, when

APRIL a4.]

MENOLOGY.

>7»

he was suffering from the gout and uiitible to move ; where- upon he caused himseir to be carried to the phcc where the flames tvere niging, and instantly, by his prayers, obtained the cessation of the peril. Mellitus was buried with his pre- decessors in the church of the Abbey. *

St- Egbert, When St. Finan and St. Colman were Bishops *5J^' of Liiidlsfarne, many Englishmen, both nobles

Tap- and others, went over to Ireland, probably by the advice of these prelates, some to embrace the strictest mon- astic discipline, and othere for the purpose of study. They were welcomed by the Irish with the warmest hispitality — alt their wants were provided for, and those who came for instruction were sent from place to place, where the best masters were to be found, and were freely furnished with books and all they needed. Among them were Egbert and his friend Edilhun, youths of great promise, who took up their abode at the Monastery of MctfonL But they had not long been there when the terrible pestilence broke out which ravaged Northumbria and a great part of Ireland. The monks were carried olTor dispersed, the two friends remained alone, and Edilhun was already grievously sick.

One day Egbert retired to a solitary spot s»d and pensivej he called to mind the errors of his youth, and earnestly prayed th.it more time for penance might be allowed him. He vowed, moreover, that if his petition were granted, he would live in perpetual exile from his beloved country, and multiply his prayers and fastings and works of satisfaction. All thi-i was revealed to Edilhun, who told him that his prayer was accepted, but gently reproached him for what he had done, us it had been his hope that on one and tlie same day they slwuld enter heaven together. So F^ilhiin died and Egbert was preserved. He faithfully fulfilled his vow, leading a most holy and austere life, to the edification and profit of all, especially his own fellow-countrymen in Ireland.

In ductime he was ordained pricsl,and with a truly apostolic spirit determined to go and preach the Gospel in Fricsland. To this end he chose fit comiKUiions, and furnished a ship for

t8o

MENOLOGY.

[APBIL 34.

their voyage; but it was made known to him, through the vision of n certain holy man, that God had other designs for him, and he was compelled to abandon the mission to St. Wigbert, St Willibrord, and others.

His own work was to be in lona among the disciples of St. Columba. These good monks still persisted in observing their ancient usages, as to Easter and the tonsure, and all efforts to bring them into conformily with the now almost universal practice had hitherto failed. Not long before a strenuous attempt had been made, by their own Abbot, St Adamnan, who had been convinced of the error, while on a visit to England ; but though he persuaded many in Ireland, his own subjects would not listen to him. The success was reseiA-ed for St. Egbert. When this holy man arrived among them, they were so impressed with his devo- tion, his learning, and his sweetly persuasive words, during the thirteen years he spent among them, that at last they heartily agreed to accept the reform. In the year 729 Easter fell on the 24lh .^prii, It was the last day of Egbert's life, but a day of the sweetest consolation ; for after having himself celebrated the divine mysteries, and witnessed the joy, with which the monks kept the Paschal solemnity for the first time with the rest of the Church, he was called to his everla-tt- ing reward.

St. Ito. St. IVO had quitted his own country and his

^^f^o°^' father's house, that he might close his days in looi solitude, and lead a hidden life with God alone, 'and his pious wish was fully satisfied. With two or three companions he travelled through many lands, until he found himself in this island, and in a dreary spot, then called Slept, but now bearing the honoured name of St. Ives. The peasants of the district wondered at the strangeness of his appearance and his language ; but being unable to con- verse with him, never learned his quality or even Ins name, and left hirn, with some degree of contempt to follow his own ways;. He was buried where he had lived, and before long even his memory was forgotten. It was centuries later, aller

APRIL 34.]

M ENOLOGY.

I8l

the Abbey of Ramsey had been established, and a few years after the founders, St. Oswald, Archbishop of York, and the Karl Egclwinc, had been taken to their reward, thai God was pleased to honour His servant here on earth, and to enrich the new monastery with his precious remains ; and it was in this way that the event was brought about. St. Ivo appeared in n vision to a simple and pious CDuntr>'man, and told him his name and his quality, charing him to tell the Abbot of Ramse>" that his body was to be translated to that -house. The Abbot, after some hesitation, was convinced of the truth of the vision, and gladly undertook to fulfil the command. The grave ti'as found already open, and as soon as the sacred deposit was raised from the earth, a fountain issued from the spot, whose waters were, tlien and afterwards, the source of many miracles. The relics were placed, according to the Saint's own directions, in the Abbey Church, which from that time became one of the most frequented placet* of pilgrimage. in consequence of the many graces there obtained. St Ivo was by birth a Persian, and was a Bisl»op in his own country, when a desire for a holy retreat induced him to banish him- self tu this remote island.

W!Hi«in of M«1mc*buiy kUici a lemAckabk mirulc, which h« himcclf tttki wilneued, in the case of a monk who wan inimedialol)- hrslcil of An Incut- aWe malMly by dtinting ilie waief oT the fountain of St. Ives. The later chfonlcloi Miy (hat the Saini came to England aboul the ycxi 600.

SL Mdliliu. Si. [vo.

Cab. 4, 7, 46, fB, 5>, n. 56, 62. ^j. Calt. 14. 27. 4". S*- *"■

Rj, Mnrti. M, N. Q.

Uarlt. Roni.. A. C, O, O. K, L, N. Lff. Tiiim., foL 183*1; Capp., fol,

P. Q. R. Lfx- Titsm., hi. loSt; Capgi., lol.

itfb: Nov. Leg., fol. »Sa;

Whitt. Sit.; W. t and 3; ChaL HM. Bida. ■.. c 19: ii., c. 3-7.

Sl Ecbert. Miut. Rom, Ltg. Tinm., fol. io?rti Capgr., fcl. Cal. 91,

89*1; Kov. Leg., fol iim; Whhf. St. Wilfrid.

Add. ; W. t am) 3 : CtiaL Catu t. ij «. K e ; 17, 53, G^,75t TO-

Hitt, BtNli, ui., C. *7i r„ c. 9, 21. Uarli. L. M, Q. '^

13911; Nov. Leg., 1996,- ^VhiU. Add.; W. i; Chal, Hii<. Malmob. Pont., iv.. f iSi: Hiat. Ram, (Gale. ii.. ^ 43'): Higden (Gale, ii., p. 171); Brom- toiHTwyid. C0L.M3). St Dyfrtiv

183

MF.NOLOGY.

[APRIL 26. 26.

THE TWKNTY-FIFTH DAY.

In the Isle of Wight, ibt passion of tht venemS/e servants of God, ROBliRT ANDERTOK and WiLUAM MarsDKN, 'Priests, -who suffered martyrdom on account of their sacer- dotal eharacler.

V. Robert Robert Anderton was a member of an *JJ^^^,^iJ||^" honourable family of Lancashire, and William M«rBd*o,M.,MARSDKN a native of Gooseoargh, in ihc same iSBfi! county. The>' were both students of the English College at Rheims, where Anderton especially left thereputationof being a man of great learning, I'/V^/flfAirtw/uj. Ucing ordained priests, they were sent together on the Eng- lish Mission. The vessel in which they sailed was driven by ft storm to the Isle of Wight, which was not the place of their destination. Here they were at once arrested on suspicion of being priests, and when questioned did not deny their sacred character. At their trial thc>' pleaded, that they had not intended to land on the island, and that tlicy had not been there the number of days required to bring them under the new statute. This defence, which ought to have been good in law, was not regarded, and they were condemned and executed. It is recorded that the constancy and cheerfulness of the two Martyrs gave the greatest edification to the Catho- lies who were present, and excited the astonishment of their adversaries.

Hiu. Douay DiaiicK ; Challonci'a Archiv. Wctitmon., iv,, p, 65 ; Champ- MiK. Priests, vol. i. nty, p. 833 : Caialoguei.

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

-4/ Tyburn, M^r/Swfww of tht I-V/wraMrEnWAKD MORGAN, Priest, who su^crt-d death for the Faith in the r^tgn of King- Cbar/is/.

V. Edwjifd This holy Martyr was a native of Flintshire,

^MtT ^""^ **' ^"* '"^ Douay for his ecclesiastical cdu-

A.D. cation. He afterwards went to Spain and was

ordained at Salamanca, but was not appointed to

APRIL 26.]

MENOLOGY.

183

the Mission, until he had passed some time at Rome. In England he was able to devote some time to his apostolic work before he was apprehended and sent to prison ; but the last fourteen or fifteen years of his life wercs[>cnt in the Fleet, where he suflered much from want and the loathsomeness of the place. When the persecution was renewed by the agitation of the parliament, MORCIAN was brought to trial, and condemned solely on the charge of liis priesthood. After the sentence he was visited by many Catholics and Protestants, all of whom were greatly edified by his tran- quillity and holy joy. The Catholics were eager to confess their sins to him, and the Protestants were impressed with the force of his argurnents for the Faith. He asked the Catholics to pray that he might die with the constant humility and the humble constancy of a true Roman Catholic priest.

The holy man found means to celebrate Mass the day before his execution ; and falling into a sort of ecstasy was favoured with such sweetness and consolation, that it was witli difficulty he could proceed with tlie sacred rite. This he imparted to a Jesuit who came to visit him in the course of the day ; and when the same father asked whether anything could be done for his comfort, he said that he had been constrained to contract a debt of £22, which it would greatly relieve him to have paid. This charitable man accordingly so c>:crted himself th.it he was able to collect the whole sum by the next day. On that day the road from the prison to Tyburn was crowded with spectators, and it was with difficult)' that the gallows could be approached, .ind all treated him with singular respect He was permitted to speak to the people, which he did at some length, though often interrupted by the minister, and took occasion to argue in favour of the true Church. He gave up his soul to God with great devotion iind joy.

Hhl. Ctullonn's Mm. Priattt. vol. Douay Divits. Ih Aichiv. Weotmon,. i»i.. p. 1*9.

184

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL 27, 38.

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH DAY.

At Beverley, t^f pious menwry ef St. WiNEWaIJ), stcanH Abbct of the monasUry of titat piact,

wioewKld, WlNEWALD succeeded St Bercthun in the

*A!a^' government of Beverley Abbey in ibe year 733,

751' and was greatly venerated for the sanctity of his

^ *' life, having in some records the title of Saint

prefixed to his name, ilc was called to his heavenly reward

in the year ;5l, but the day of his deposition is not known.

Dugdile (Monui., vol. ii., p. ilS) (fioin Inland).

tig. Chal. (ji Mnj).

HiiU Mabill., •sc iii,, p^ fl) (bom

Uugdal«).

Lcland, Collect, iii., p. Wincwald^.

3 IhM S,

THE TWEXTV-EIGHTH DAY.

At Galjinaro, in tfu kingdom ef Napiet, th4 fati-.'ol of St. Gekakd, Coftfesior and PUgrim.

St Gerard, GERARD W»3 one of the dcvout companions of

ArriL ^*' Ardwync, who undertook the toilsome pilgrim- age from Great Britain to the holy places of Palestine. Sl Bernard and St. Fulk were alwiof the number; and when the main object of the journey was piously accom- pUshed, and Ihey were returning through Italy, all the four were so attracted by the holy solitude of Mount Gai^ano that thej' retreated to certain !<mall caves which they dis- covered there, and spent several ycara in the most rigorous austerity and in sublime prayer. At length they received a divine call to start for Rome ; and it was in the execution of this <Aedience that these holy friends, one after another, in difTcrcnt places on the way, found that eternal repose, which was the only desire of their hearts. The first to be called from this world was St. Gerard, who was seized with fever, and compelled to halt at Gallinaro. Aflcr a few days' illness, borne with singular resignation and joy, in the presence of

APRIL 30.]

MENOLOGY.

I8S

his friends, he gave up his soul to God, and was buried in a spot chosen by himself, not far from the village

The place of his sepulture became the scene of various miracles, in consequence of which his sanctity was recognised by the people, and a church erected over his relics. As these tokens of divine favour were multiplied, Gallinaro became the resort of numerous pilgrimafjcs, and the grateful inhabi- tants chose St Gerard as the Patron of their country. Gerard is said to have died in the month of April, and his festival is observed on the first day after Easter.

For the epoch of ihoM tour RainU. ue not* idtt the account of St. Ar- Avryne. iSlh July. Dr. Nkol> dc AnjjclU [lublUhcd al Naflci tn the yeu 1773 La Vilttdi S. OfTonlo a Galliaaro. IIckIxim thallhccelcluati-d Fsihcr John Gciud. H.J,, viiiicd Gallinaro >n i£aS. and wrote an account of his pilgrimage to hit liunity in England, in consequence of which thc>' had ai) Axm at «Llv«i nade, which they Mni as an offerini; to the nhrinc. with this inscription: "Anglleana Gcranlorum fnmih*. nuiiiii fiiquc opera Pauis Joannts Gerudi n SodeUMc JcRU. dono miitii anno «A)ulit MDCVIII". A relic wan cnclotcd in ihiK dilvtj aim, which w»s aftcrwarda the inmnimcnl of ■ notable miiaclc The •acted licuure wm aivkn by totnc gipaics, who curled it to Capu«, and u-etc pieparing to melt down the ailver when (heir arm* b«came uiff and imtnovabtc. Mid th«y were «ei2cd willi such fcai that they hmlened to rettotc (( 10 the Church at Gtllinuo. This naturally cau«ed a gteiX inciewc of devotion to the Saint in the whole diittid, and the occurrence wtu repiescnied in baa-relief on one tide of the aliai.

Ug. W, I and 3 (»; Dec.); Chill. 11 Dec).

/ft'jf. Vit* & S, Gcnrdo, by NlccJa

di Angclit, 1771. Vitadi Sl Afdovino. by P. Tavani. S.J.

THE TWENTY-NINTH DAY.

At Ripon, thf ifffiosi/iem of St. Wilfrid the Younger, Confessor and Bishop of York. — Al Edmundsbuiy, t/u tran- shtion of St. EDMt;ND, King and Martyr, -whost passion is cofnmtmcraltd on t/u 20/A of No^vmber.

St wflWd St. Wilfrid was educated at the Abbey of

*Bp?^*cSS;^' Whitby, while it was under ihc gowmmcnt of St

A-D, Hilda, and was one of the five eminently holj*

744W74S. p,.(.|atps whom Sl Bcdc enumerates as having been trained in learning and virtue in that celebrated house.

iS6

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL 30.

Wilfrid attached himself to the service of St John of Bever- ley, as attendant priest and master of the household. He is also called Abbot during his residence at York. When St. John rc-tircd from hts Sec, he consecrated Sl Wilfrid as his successor. In this office he showed his devotion to the beauty of God's house, by the many precioiis offerings, with which he enriched his Cathedral Church. He was also a most zealous pastor, unwearied in teaching and in his care for the poor. At length, after the example of his master, St John, he resolved to end his days in a religious house, and for this purpo.se retired, as it would seem, to Ripon, where he gave up his soul to God about the year 744. The clergy of York maintained thai it was this St. Wilfrid, and not his great pre- decessor of the same name, whose reltcs were translated by St. Odo to Canterbury. Others say that the sacred remains of Wilfrid the Younger were removed to Worcester at a later period by St. Oswald, who held at the same time the Sees of York and Worcester.

St. WatmL CoJ. 65. Lfg. What. Add. : W. I uid 3 (to

Feb.) : Chal. (38 ApiO and 10 Feb.). Hill, riot. 439 Apiil).7M ; M»IiiicBb.

Pom., ill, i 3. Simeon Dunelm. (Surtee«i, vol. U.,

PP 18. '«. >SS- Msbill.. Act. S8. Bencd. mbc iii.,

pBf . a, p. 506.

Si. Edmund. Colt, S. 1^ 31. 34. 31, 40, So, 41. B*.

57, 67, SH. 40. Mttrtt. M. N.Q.R.

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

/» t/u Cathedral of St. Paul, in LoHdtm, tlu diposilion of St. Erkonwalu, Bishop and CoH/asor.—At Westminster, th€ pioHs ftumory cf (lit good QUKEN MaUD, "Wifi 0/ Henry f. England, daughter of St. A/argarrt, arid sisttr of St. Ditvid, King of Scots.— At Rochester, the btfsud marlyrdom of the venertxbU sennnts of God, MiLES Gkrard avd Francis DlCCOKSOS, Priests. — At Ncwcastle-undcr-Lymc, l/ie passi&n of the veneraiJe WllXlAM SovrtiliHSV:, Priest and A/osto/ic Missiener.

APRIL 30.]

MKNOLOGY.

187

St. ErkoD- St. Krkonwald is said to have betongedio BiTcoiit ^^'^ house of Offa or Ulla, progenitor of the East A.D. Anglian princes, but he becomes first Jcnow-n to us as the founder of two religious houses, that of the Isle of Chertsey, in the Thames, for monks, in the esta- blishment of which he was aided by the munificence of Frilh- wald, undcr-King of Sur/ey; and that of Barking, in Essex, for religious women. Over the first he presided himself, and hc named his sister, St Ethelburga, the first Abbess of Barking. Both hou.sc.swcrc governed according to the most exact rules of monastic discipline. About the year 675, St. Theodore, Archbishop of Canterburj*, one of whose chief merits was the choice of holy men for the cpi.tcopal Sees, appointed St Er- konwald Bisbop of London, at the time when St Scbbi and Seghcrc were kings of Essex. Hc ruled his flock with the reputation of great sanctity, which was attested by many miracles. It is particularly recorded that Ihfr litter in which he was borne during his sickness was, e%-cn many years after his death, the channel of frequent cures of fever and other maladies. The epitaph on the ancient shrine of St. Erkon- wald states that he was Bishop during eleven years. The festival of his deposition was kept on the 30th April, and that of the solemn translation of his relics, which took place in the year 1148, on the 14th November. When the shrine was plundered, at the time of the change of religion, the body of the Saint is said to have been re-interred near the east end of the choir.

Maud, Queen, M.\UU, tlie daughter of St. Margaret of Scot- ^(j' land, was placed for her education at the Abbey of Romscy, in Hampshire, where her aunt Chris- tina was a professed religious. She herself assumed the monastic dress, as an indication of her intention to quit the world. However, when Henry I. came to the throne, he at once made overtures for a marriage with her, which, in submission to those in authorit>* over her, she was compelled to accept St. Ansclm. the Archbishop, having ascertained that she had contracted no obligation to the

■S8

MENOLOGY.

[APRIL 30.

religious state, approved of the marriage, and crowned her Queen of England, Maud set herself to copy faithfully the virtues of her s»inted mother. She had the same zeal foi' religion, the same spirit of prayer and mortification, and the same charity for the sick and poor. She founded two churches in London, with hospitals attached — those of Christ Church and St. Giles. St. /EIred rcTates how he heard from her brother, St. David, that he had hiiT).ielf, when in London, seen her wa-sh the feet and dress the wounds of a number of Jepcrs, whom she had brought together for this purpose, and the pious words she used, to induce him to follow her example. The Queen had two children only — a son, who was dmwned at sea. and a daughter, called after her. Maud or Matilda, who was married first to the Empcoor, and after- wards to Geoffrey Plantagcnet, Count of Anjou, by whom she ■was mother of Henry 1 1. Queen Maud was the object of the love and veneration of her people, who regarded her as a true saint, and all the ancient chronicles mention her with un- ■qualified praise. She died at Westminster, and was buried in the Abbey Church, near her holy kinsman, St. Edward.

V. Milca The Venerable Miles Gekard belonged to a

V^Francii' B^"*'^'"^"'* family in Lancasliirc, and the Vener. Dicconson, able FRANCIS DiCCONSON was a native of York- A.D. shire. They were educated at the College of '**■ Rhcims, and sent together on the Mission in (589^ The vessel in which ihey s.i.i]cd was overtaken in a violent storm, and they were in imminent danger of shipwreck. But ■God resea'cd them for a more glorious death, and they were cast on the coast of Kent. The holy missioncrs were imme- diately arrested on suspicion, and thrown into prison. They were tried and convicted of coming into England as priests, and were executed at Rochester, both .suffering with great constancy.

V. Wauam Little is known of the Venerable WiLUAM

**IilS!^ S0UTHERN^; except that he was a student of

1618. Douay College, and when in England laboured

APBZLSO.]

MENOLOGY.

i8<>

chiefly among the poorer class of Catholics at Bassage, in Staffordshire. He was seized at the altar, and carried away to a magistrate in his priestly vestments. As the assizes were- beginning, he was immediately tried and condemned. The execution took place at Newcastle-under-Lymc ; but the Martyr's head wa.s sent to Stafford, and fixed over one of the gates of the town. William Southerne appears to be the last who suffered death for the Catholic religion in the reign of James I. ; though, in this same year (1618), si.tty pricsLi, who had been confined in various prisons, were, on the intercession of the Spanish Ambassador, released, and sent into banishment. It may also have been about this lime that F. Thomas Dyer, priest and Benedictine monk, whose name is found in the Catalogues, gave his life for the Faith. His name ts recorded, as one of those Avho were professed on the Mission, but nothing is known of his labours or the circumstances of his death.

SL Eikonwald.

Cats. 1.8.9, IS.34.J7.S4.S6.57.&J-

65. 67. 8S. 104. Si. Paul's. «ii/i». I, L. N, P, Q, K. Ltff. Tinnt., fol. ii7i.- CspKi.. fol.

9II11; Nov. Leg., fol. 130",' White,

Sar. ; W. landa; Chal. Wtt. Bcia, Iv., c 0; F. Jctofnc

Poflct'B Life.

Queen Maud.

Ltg.Vi. land 2; Chjil.

Kilt. SL /Blred'iiGencaI(^iea{Twy»d, Col., 36J.

Hoycden, An. 1118; H«nt)- 0( Hunt- ingdon, An. tiiB.

Bioniion(Tu*ytLd. Col., ioo£)put*hcr dclth on t May. Mutyn.

Douiy Di»rie«i ChAllonu'R MiML Piie«t», vqIi. I and ii.

R&iuius' Cat. ; WcMon't Notes.

Atchiv. Westm, , Champncy, p. $79> Catologucf,

MAY.

THE FIRST DAV.

.-It St Bricuc,/ff Brittany, the festival of ?>r. BRiOC.-ffwAi^ and Confessor. — At St. As.iph, in North WaliS. the deposition o/S,i. Asaph, Bishop and Conftssor.

St. Brioc. BriOC was a native of Great Britain, probably

^^A*D^' °^ Cardiganshire, in Soutli Wales. His parents SMC- were persons of distinclion in their country, but pagans at the time of thcJr son's birth. He lived with them, in the enjoyment of all that their position could afford, till the age of twenty. At that age Brioc heard of St. German's second missioit, and his wonderful work and miracles, and hasienecl to visit him at Vcrulam. The Saint was greatly pleased with the good qualities of the youth^ and took him back with him to France, where he provided for his education, and in due time ordained him priest. He was already marked with miraculous gifts ; and when St German heard of a vision or dream he had had, calling him back to his own countrj-, he at once recognised a divine call, and bade him return to Britain. The first exercise of hLs ministry was in his father's house, and for the Iwncfit of his parents, whom he rescued from certain heathenish superstitions, lo which they stilt clung ; but a miracle attending it led to the conversion of a multitude of people, for whose instruction and baptism he provided. He also built churches for their use, and erected a monaatcry. in which he dwelt himself, and gathered together a number of fervent disciples. After a lengthened abode in this place, God called St Brioc to labour for His service in

MAY 1]

MENOLOGY.

191

Brittany. There he was welcomed by the princes and the people, and after pcrfonning various good works, established a monastery in the place which now bears his name, and built a church dedicated to St Stephen, ftere hi; closed his saintly life, greatly venerAted by alt, for his miraculous graces and his eminent sanctity. When the Normans began to plunder the coast of Brittany, the relics of St. Bn'oc were translated to the Abbey of St. Scrgius, at Angers. In the year 1 1 10, Pierre, Uishop of St. Uricuc. succeeded in recover, ing a jiortion of them for his cathedral ; and in II66, Henrj' II.. King of England and Count of Anjou. completed the translation, and removed all that rcmaincdat Angers to St. Stephen's, at St Bricuc.

Some wiiteni have tliauglil that il wa« not ^L Genn&n of Auxorir, but St. Garoan of Pari*, u-hose itiKiplc our Saint wai, which woutd place hh dale nnrly 100 yeain later thAn thM uvuntly >un|^«d, Tbe carLieit account of the Saint don not fUiv ttui lic was himikelf Bithop of St. firicuc, but on a >lab of mvble ditcov-ued with hl$ relics in iita ht '» tailed Biohop of Bntt&ny. If he w->i actually Binhop of the city now caJlcd St. Bticuc. it would uccm thai eiany ictn clapiwd before n vucccnor wu appointed.

St. Asaph. When St Kemigern was driven from his See ^^^f- of Glasgow, he took refuge at Llan-Elwy, in North faoc Wales, where he established a very lat^c and fcr\'ent community of monks. Asaph was one of his most eminent disciples. When yet a boy, so perfect was his obedience, that at his ma-stcr's bidding he fitlcxi the skirt of his tunic with burning wood from the furnace, without harm to him<iclf Or the dress he wore. Such was hiii" beginning in the religious life, and as time went on he grew in sanctity. and became a model of what the monastic spirit should produce When St. Kentigern was recalled to his own Sec, with the glad consent of the communit>', he named Asaph his Bucces-sor in the monasterj'. and, moreover, consecrated him Bishop, to preside over the Christian flock in that region. St Asaph was a zealous preacher, and also wrote certain canons or ordinances for the government of hia church, and, as it is said, a life of his beloved master, St Kentigern. The tove of his people for the Saint is shott-n by the change of the

1^2

MENOLOGY.

[SCAT 3.

n»me IJan-Elwy into St Asaph, and the dedication to him of various churches in the neighbourhood, as well as the naming of hamkts.

St Asaph is called the first Bishop of tbat Sec.but several centuries elapsed before a successor was appointed. In the modern English Calendar he is commemorated on the day of his deposition ; and in St. Asaph, by a Rescript of Pope Pius IX., the Sunday following is observed as a double of the second class.

Si. Brioc • Leg. W. z (4 OcU) : Chal. [jo Api. ). tlitl. LobiMau. Siint* Ae Bteugne., vol. i., p. -JO.

St Akapb. Her I. Rem.

Le£. W. I and i; Chal. Hist. Jocclin'* Lite at St. Kentigern

<HUtotiani of Scotland, vol. v., jn

to].

THE SECOND DAY.

At the Abbey of Peronne, in France, ifu deposiiwM o/St, ULTAN, Abbot and Confessor.

St Ultaa, St. Ultan was »ne of the brothers of St. Fiir- A.D ' ^^y- *^^" f"llo^^'<^'J l^'rn from Ireland, and lived 686 c with him for some time in his Monastery of Burgh- castle, in Suffolk. Afterwards, feeling himself called to a life of solitude, he retired to a hermitage in the same kingdom of East Anglia, whither he was followed somewhat later by St Fursey himself. These holy brothers lived together in great austerity, continual prayer, and the labour of their hands, until their tranquillity was disturbed by the outbreak of fresh wars. St Fursey then retired to France, but St Ultan appears to have remained In Fngland until after the dcatli of his brother, when he, with his other brother. St Foilan, went abroad and was received by St Gertrude of Nicvelles, who gave him land to build the Abbey of Fosse, in the diocese of Licgc. After the martyrdom of his brother St. Foilan, he passed to Peronne, where the relics of St Fursey were pre- served. He was there chosen Abbot, and continued to govern the two houses of Fosse and Peronne until the time

MATS.]

MEKOT.OGY.

193

of his death. He was buried at Fosse, and greatly venerated as a Saint, especially in these two monasteries.

Ui.V/.t»ad2i Chal.

HiH. Bcdo. iii.. c. ig. Uab., AcL, ii., p. 75a.

THE THIRD DAY.

/« f/ie province of Lindsey, the holy memory 0/ St. Ethel- win, Coti/e-isor, and Second Bishop of Lindsey. — In London, the commemoration of the martyrdom of tlu Venerable NICHO- LAS Owen, Lay Brother of tht Society offtsus, who about this time died under ttu torture, infiicted oh him by the cnttl enemies of our lufly religion.

St Etheiwio. St. Etheuvin was the Second Bishop of ^A.D " Lindsey, after its separation from the diocese of ?«"c. the Mercians and Mid-Angles. A portion of his early life had been spent in study in Ireland ; but he returned to his native land, and for his great merits was promoted to the episcojul charge by St. Theodore, at the request of King Ethelred. Ethelwin was one of a family of saints. One of his brothers. Eililhuri, was the Inseparable friend of St. Egbert, with whom he went to Ireland, and there died a holy death in the great plague, after being favoured with visions. Another brother was St Aldwine, Abbot of Peartncy, in Lincolnshire, and a sister was Ethelhild, Abbess of a monastciy near that place. This holy woman paid a visit to Queen Osthrylha at the Abbey of Bardnc)', and on that occa- sion attested that she herself had seen the bright light reaching from the relics of St. Oswald up to heaven at the time of their translation. She also spoke of various miracles wrought by the relics of the .same Martyr, which .she had witnessed. The See of St Ethelwin was established at Sidnacester, or, accord- ing to William of Malmesbury, at Dorchester, in Oxfordshire: After the Norman Conquest it was removed to Lincoln by the Bishop Remigius.

t3

194

MENOLOGV.

[MAT 4.

V. Nkhoks The Venerable NICHOLAS OWES, lay brother *^li' ^■^ ' ^^ ^^^ Society of Jesus, was a man of singular A.D. innocence of life and remarkable piety, and was well known to the Catholics of England for the services he rendered to religion, by his skill in contriving hiding-places in the houses of Uic nobility and gcntr)-, in which priests as well as the furniture of the attar might be concealed, on occasion of the sudden visiti and minute searches of the pursui\'ants. In the year 1606 he was in attendance upon F. Henry Garnet, the rrovincial, and when he was arrested on the chaise of complicity in the gunpowder plot, Owen also was seized and put to the torture, in hopes of eliciting some evidence, against F. Garnet or others. The constancy of the holy man was unshaken by the trial ; but so fearful were the pains inflicted on him, that he died almost immediately on being taken off the rack, deserving to be called a true martyr in the cause of our holy religion. The precise day of his death is not known, but it was near the day of the cruel execution of F. Garnet, which took place on the 3rd of May.

Bt. Etheluiti. L<t- W. I and 3 (ig June); Chkl. HiU, Beda, iii., c 11. 17; Flor.

V. Kichotaa Owen. Nht. ChaUciner'.n Mils. PtiutK.vol, ii. Foley'* Reoordi.

THE FOURTH DAY.

In England, t/u /estiva/ a/ LIV Blessed Martyrs. JOHN Fisher, Thomas Moke, and oifurs, -vhost passion, with flu sanction of Pofie Crtgory Xlli^ was represented 9H tlu walis of ttu Cfturch of tlu English College in Romt, and -who funv betn declared by Leo XT II. entitled to be honmred in tlu number of the Blessed, t/tis day, the anniversary of the first five of tlu hcly company, being assigned for their commemoration. — At the Abbey of Bardney, in Lincolnshire, the pious memory of King Ethklred, sometime King of Mereia, and afteru^ards Monk of Bardney. — Al Tyburn, the passion of five Blessed Martyrs, who in the persecution of Henry VfIL were the first to sacrifice their lives in defence of the Spiritual Supremacy of

MAY 4.]

MENOLOGV.

195

tlu Roman Pen/i^, JoUJt HoUGHTON, ROBERT LAWRENCE,

AuGUSTiKE Webster, Richard Revnolds, and Joiis Haile.

Ethelred. EtHELRED, son of Pcnda, succeeded his bro-

^ ther Wulfere as King of Mercia, A.D.67S- A year later he waged a cruel war against the kingdom of Kent, leading an undisciplined army, which destroyed churches and monasteries, and laid waste the city of Rochester. He had also a bitter feud with Kgfrid, King of Northumbria, which was at length appeased through the mediation of St Theodore. After a victorious reign of thirty years. Ethclred desired to devote his thoughts exclusively to the kingdom of the life to come, and for this purpose renounced his earthly realm and retired to the Abbey of Bardncy, to which place his wife Osthiytha had solemnly translated the relics of her martyred uncle St. Oswald. In tliis monastery, for which he had a singular predilection, the king made his religious pro- fession, leaving the cares of government entirely to his nephew and successor Coenred. and here he ended his days in peace.

B. Jolm John Houghton, a native of Essex, after

'^Mart*"' serving God devoutly as a secular priest for four

B, Robert yeacs, at the age of twenty-eight entered the

mI^T' Carthusian Order. Both during his novitiate and

^,^".2"^''''* afterwards he was con.tidcred a model of obedi-

hl»rt.; ence, humility, mortification, and every religious

Rm^Sr virtue. After filling various important offices, he

.■■^; was at length made Prior of the Charter-House in

Mart.; London, and held this influential position, when

J^« ^^ was required, according to the recent Act of

Parliament, to renounce, without reserve, the

spiritual jurisdiction of the Pope.

Robert Lawkence, also a priest and a Carthusian, was Prior of Beauv-alc, in Nottinghamshire, and arrived in London on some business at the time, when his brethren of the Charter-House were in the greatest consternation, under the apprehension of being immediately required to take the schismatical oath.

196

ME>f01,0GY.

[MAT 4.

Augustine Webster, Prior of the Carthusian House at Axholmc. in Lincolnshire, was also accidentally in London about some affairs of his monastery at the same time.

These three holy Priors held a conference as to what was best to be done at so critical a moment, and resolved to go together to Cromivcll, the Kind's Vicar-General, to represent their sincere loyalty, but to petition to be exempted from an exaction which their conscience could not bear. They were received by this man with the greatest harshness. He would hear of no exemption, no alteration in the terms of the oath. " Wxat do I care for the Church?" he said. "Will you take the oath or not?" On their refusal, they were straightway committed to a severe imprisonment in the Tower, and brought to trial on the 29th April.

Richard Revholds was a Religious of the Brtdgeitinc Order at the Monastery of Sion, on the Thames, He was a. man of considerable learning, both in secular and eccIesiasticaJ science, and was a friend and correspondent of Cardinal Pole, by whom he was greatly esteemed. More than this, he was well known for his personal holiness of life, manifested, it is said, by his angelic countenance. It does not appear what occasion led to his arrest, but he was put on his trial at the same time with the holy Carthusians in Westminster Hall.

John Haile, the last of this blessed company, was a secular priest and Vicar of Islcworth, then called Thistle- worth, in Middlesex. He. too, was well known for his holy lif4^ and the courage and firmness of his character, which, perhaps, pointed him out to the persecutor.^ as an early victim of their cruelty.

The charge against the five Martyrs was one and tlie same, and wa.s clearly expressed "that they had said the King, our sovereign lord, is not supreme head on earth of the Church of England ". The jury showed great reluctance to convict these holj' men of such a crime as high treason, but at last yielded to threats of Cromwell, who told them that if they rcfuscil they should themselves suffer the death of traitors. On the 4th May, the Martyrs were dragged on hurdles from the Tower to Tyburn, and persevered to the

MAT 6.]

MENOLOGY.

«9?

end with admirable constancy. Prior Houghton called God to witness that it was purely for conscience that he had to suRcr, and with most pious sentiments resigned his soul to God. Lawrence showed cc]u»1 Rrmness, and expressly refused a pardon, offered on condition of his taking the oath. Their example was faithfully followed by their brother in Religion, Augustine Webster. In the case of Reynolds, great efforts were made at the trial to seduce him from his Faith ; but all yvcrc in vain, and he appealed to the doctrine of the Church in all ages, in refutation of the new teaching established by Act of Parliament. The particulars of the case of John Hailc arc not known, but his glorious death proves that he, too, was faithful to the end.

The sentence for high treason was executed with all its horrors, the butchery and the quartering being commenced before the holy Martyrs had expired. Thus began that long series of persecutions for the Fa! th of Christ, even unto death, which was to be continued, with little intermission, during the space of 1 50 years.

Etlwlicd. Lfg. W. I and*; Chi Hilt Bcil«, tv, , c. It, >i Malmesb. Rt«.,i., J 77, Flo(..A.D. 710,

MwtyriL

Hill. Saiider't Schism (English uaitK, v., c 19. »nd note*), p. 1 17.

Chauncy'8 Paulo Cathui 8lowe;W)l8on'«Ca(aloKue(A.D;ieo». Modern Biti. Mui/i.. pL l..p> 1.

THE FIFTH DAY.

At Crayk, in Durfiaw, fht holy trnmory of St. Echa, PrUst and Htrmit.

St Echa, « St. Echa, sometimes called Echia and Eth», ^**^P*"** priest and anchorite, forsook the world to lead the 677 life of a solitarj- at Crayk, a parish belonging to the diocese of Durham, though situated in the heart of Yorkshire, and not far from the city of York. He was greatly venerated for his sanctity, and had from God a singular gift of prophecy. It is not known when he received

MENOLOGY.

[MATe.

the priesthood, or on what day he died ; but his happy passage to a better life took place at Crayk in the year 677.

ff.i(.AIculn*« Metrie«II.iv«, v.,ij88 Litei Vitie Eccl. Duneltn. (Surleet,

(Calc, vol. ti. , p. 7»7)- ™1- *'''■■ ^ *)•

Simeon Dunelm. <8urtre». vol. li.. p. Rainc'* Chuich of York, vol. i, p.

23). 390 (RolU Scriu).

THE SIXTH DAT.

/« ths Isle of Lindisfarnc. t/i£ deposition of ST. Edbert, Bishop and Confessor. — In Ixjndon, //w passion of EnwARD Jones and Antony MiddletON, Priests, xvho died for the Faith in the persecution of Queen Elisabeth.

St Edbert, St. Edbert was the immediate successor of ^^k^' St. Cuthbert in the See of Lindisfarne, of which 1S98. he was the seventh Bishop. He was distinguished for his profound knowledge of the holy Scriptures and his many virtues, of which almsgiving was one of the most conspicuous. He consoled his flock for the loss they had sustained by the death of their great pastor, and, as St. Bedc says, buih up again the walls of Jerusalem, He roofed with lead the great wooden cathedral which St- Finan had erected, and covered the walls with the same metal. It was with his approbation, that the monks undertook to open the tomb of St Cuthhert, eleven years after his blessed death, and translate his body to a more honourable site. The Saint was at the time in a little comer of the island, beaten on all sides by the waves of the sea, where he was wont to spend Lent and the forty days before Chri.stmas, in perfect solitude When the sacred remains of St. Cuthbcrt were found entire, and even the vestments, tn which he was wrapped untouched by decay, the religious, seized witli a holy fear, hastened to St. Edbert, bearing with them some portion of these ganncnts. Great was the emotion with which he received the precious gift, tenderly kissing it, as though he had been embracing his beloved father himself, and gladly did he listen to the wonders related to hiffi. Ue bade them enshrine the great Bishop over the

MAT a]

MENOLOGY.

199

spot where Kis grave had been; "and know," he said, "that that grave will not long be empty ; and happy will he be whom God, the giver of all blessedness, permits to repose therein ". And so it was. Immediately St. Edbcrt was seized with a sickness, which continued to grow worse, until it carried him to his etcmat reward on the 6th May, in the eleventh year of his episcopate. He was laid in the former grave of SL Cuthbert, immediately under the shrine, which had been made by his orders. Many miracles took place at this tomb, which the piety of the people attributed to the united intercession of the two Saints.

V. Edw«rd The Venerable EDWARD JONES was bom in

j^'ISlto^* North Wales, and ti\e Venerable Antonv Mid-

MiddirtOT, DLETON in Yorkshire. They were both priests

A.D. of the College at Rheiins, and were sent on the

*SBO. Mission in different years, but both employed in

London and the neighbourhood. They were able to labour

with great benefit to souls, and for a considerable length of

time, before they were detected. At length, however, they

were apprehended by certain pricst-catchcrs, who feigned

themselves Catholics, in order to gain information. From the

accounts which arc extant, it would seem that they were

executed without any formal trial, before tlic liouscs in which

they were taken ; and over the gallows was written in large

letters — "For trtason and foreign invasien". Middlcton wished

to speak to the people, but was not allowed, and so contented

himself with calling all to witness that he died merely for

the Catholic Faith, and that he willingly gave his life, witJi

the prayer that it might be acoepted for the advancement of

the true religion. He was cut down while still alive, and the

rest of the barbarous sentence carried out.

St. EiUxn. U%. W. lands: Chal. HxH. Bei]a,ili,,c.3}; tv.,c jo; Vita Si. Cutb..c. 4^

Douiy DiBTiu; CbaJlooei's UIh.

Piic»U, vol. t, Arcliiv. Wcktmon., Chsnipno', pi

899 i CotaloKueiL

20O

MENOLOGY.

[MATT

THE SEVENTH DAY.

At Canterbury. (At Kommtmoration of St. LetaRD, Bishop and Cenfesior. — At Bcvcrl_ey, tfu depositwn of ST. JOHN, CV«- ftssor and Bishcp of York.

St. Lctaj^. St. Lin'ARD, called also Liudhard, was a A d"^' ^*''*'^op of France, sent as attnoncr with Itcrtha, 600 c the daughter of Clotairc, King of the Franks, on her marriage with Ethelbert. King of Kent. His own see b commonly said to have been Scnlis, thoutjh some suppose it t" have been Soissons. On their arrival in England, Kthcl- bcrt. still a pagan, allowed them an ancient British or Roman church near the walls of Caiitcrbury, for the free practice of the rites of Christian worship. This church was henceforth known as St. Martin's ; but whether this was the original title, or whether it received a new dedication from the French strangers, is uncertain. Little is known of St. Lelard, except that the virtue and piety of his life, as well as those of Queen Hcrtha, had given Ethclbcrt a most favourable impression of the Christian religion, before the arrival of St Augustine and his companions. The Saint remained in Eng- land to the time of his holy death. In the twelfth ccntur>' his remains were translated with those of Queen Bertha, and placed in the transept of St Martin in the church of the Abbey of St Augu.stine. Many miracles were attributed to his intercession ; and in the processions of the Relation days his relics were carried round in a shrine of gold.

St John of The Abbey of Whitl^', while under the sovcm-

Bp^ Coo!' •"<!"* of" St Hilda, was the nursery of many holy

A.D. religious, of whom no fewer than live became

" Bishops of distinguislied merit and holiness of

life. The most illustrious of these was St. John, Bi-shop of

Hexham, and afterwards of York. He was appointed to the

See of Hexham on the death of Eata ; and not to neglect the

interests of his own soul, amidst the cares of the episcopate,

he prepared a place of retirement on the opposite bank of the

MAY 7.]

MENOLOGY.

201

Tyne, to which he resorted in Lent and other times with a few companions only.

While St John was Bishop of Hexham he conferred the diaconate and priesthood on the Venerable St. Bcdc, who was presented to him for the purpose by his Abbot, St. Ccolfnd.

On the death of Boaa, the holy Bishop was translated to York, leaving Hexham to St. Wilfrid, who was then permitted to return from exile. The sanctity of his h"fc was attested by many miracles, some of which have been recorded by those, who benefited by them, or other eye-witnesses. Si. John governed the two dioceses in succession for the space of thirty-three years, until at length, feeling his strength unequal to the burden, he ordained St. Wilfrid the Younger to be his &uccei($or at York, »nd retired to his Monastery at Beverley. There he spent the last days of his life in great holiness, and there he gave up his soul to God, and was buried in the Church of the Minster.

His shrine soon became illustrious from the miracles ' wrought there, and %vas one of the chief places of devotion in England. King Athelstan attributed to his intercession his victory over the Scots, and rebuilt the church, which had been destroyed by the Danes. Henry V, also declared that he OU'ed the victory of Agincourt to him, and upon that occasion a synod ordered the festival to be observed throughout Eng- land. The translation of his relics by Alfric, Archbishop of York, took place in A.D. 1037, and is commemorated on the 25th October, which is now the day of his festival in Rngland.

On« of tho most rcmarkabU of St, John's minclet was perfonncd in behalf cf Heicbald, a young ckric in his acivicc, wtiowown naitalive in rtlulcil by .St. Btde (Lib. v., c, 6). This }J«f«tMl<l flflerwuds bccAmc .\bt>ct of Tyncmoutb, and Ir himwlf called Saint in some lata nuutytologie*.

St John.

Cult. M, 3.4>S<T- I3«. b>c>I4t I7> J7. 56. 5S. 6a. 6j.

Uartr. Rom., t, K, N, Q. R.

Ltg. Tinm., Ibl. ism: Capp.. fol. tjAii: Nov. LcK-.Tol. 169&: Whitt Sai.; W. I and i; dial

Hiil. Beds, iv., c aj i v., c 3.6, 14.

Sl LMard. Call. KS, 4&, 4S. Martt. I, K. Lig, Tinm., Est. laji i Capgr.. fol.

IJQO ; Nov. Leg., fol. lab ; Wbitt

Add.; Chal. <i4Feb.]. Uiti. fkda, i., c. 3} ; Malmob. Rtg.,

I..f g: Pont, i.. i 1. BoU..a4Feti., p. .fAS; aC May, p. 441.

202

MENOLOGY.

[MAYS,

THE EIGHTH DAY.

Af Glastonbury, t/if eonmiemoratioH of ST. IndracTUS, Aw suter Dominica, and sei-m companions. Martyrs, xvfiose sacred relks were trans/ate J to thai Abbey by King tna. — At Berg, in Hoiland, the defesitian of ST. WiRO, Bishop and Confessor.

SS. indrae. INDKACTUS was the son of an Irish prince, Comp! 'mm. "'*'**• accompanied by his sister, called Dominica A.D. or Drusa, and seven others of noble birth, came over to Britain to lead a life of solitude and devo- tion. They fixed their abode at Skapwith, near Glastonbury, and, by the sanctity of their conduct and their sweet conver- sation, won the admiration of all who saw them. In this retreat they were attacked b)' a part)' of robbers, and cruelly put to death. On the new foundation of Glaslonbur>', King Ina added these precious relics to the treasures of that church. Willium or M^rne«bury. whtle acknowledging the unctity of Indracius.

itCcniv to itoubl Ills light to the title uf Mailjr. The A-Mt. cannot br dclctitiincd.

It w«K «Aid chat ihcy fbllowod St. Paiiick when tic left [iclanil to end his ilays in retreat »\ Glostonbtify. but IhU i« a >toiy uhich cannot be main tat tied. Lflnigan (Hijl., iii. p. J15) mentions an Indractui, Abboi of lona, who wm mutdcrcd by some English (robherK, ax he tuppoHt*}, nth Match. S5}, at tome pUcc not named. This date, howcvcf, U long aftec the time of Ina. and, therefore. ii caiinoi be the Indractu* of GlMnonbur/i unlcM Ina it jui crioi for Edgai. tlic aeeond £Tcat reftlorcr of the Ahbey,

There can be no doubt that the Ule of Avaltonia, or, in the Btitith langua|!c, Yniiu-ytrin. aAcrwaidi called Glaitotibury, was it celebcated »«ic> tuaiy in Biitith times, and piobably bom tbe iirat bi-giniiint,-s of Chrittiantt/ in th« Und. During Itic iirogicmof ih« Erigliiih invavion, it wat lonj before (hat dimrict fell tindci the power of llic conquerors, and Gllttoobuiy naluially became s favourite retort for the clergy and icligious driven &oin their homcB, and s rtccptack foi all tbcy ilecmcd mm ptccioua. They pCM&cHticd, no duubt. the sacred remains of m,in>' ancient Saints, and had at that time probably a truRiwoithy eecoid or tradition, u> to who tlioM tervaniaof Ood hid b««n. But tirhcn this sanctuary also uas loiT to the unhappy natives, and the venerable religious quitted tliclr cells, it is not to be wondered at (hat this tradition waa InMnvptcd; and tliat when Ina built his cliurch of stone alongiidv ol Uie MWteBt woodon etruciure, the names of the Sa.ints who repoie there should be unknovin, ot atlnbuted l>y error to other petaoni. After the Nortnan conquMtt < we find the Abbey claimini; tlie pounwion of the bodies or relics of many Saints, fiv which no historical evidence can be adduced: and William of

MAY 3.]

MFNOI.OGY.

zoj

Mil(ne«bu»y, »t the roquui af iha monkti. lu« reconleil ihe »ceount th«y jave of them. Among these we majc notice Akistoiiulus, inenlloned in Sc Paul'* EpiMie lo the Romans, who wm uid to have been nude Bishop and leni into Britain b>' Sc. Peter or St. Paul, and to hat« died a Mir(>'i. He n aiiil tu be Ihe Anw)-sli Hen of the Welsh Triadt. — Si. Joseph uf Ahcmathka was also said to have ettibllshcd himtelf ai Glastonbuiy, having been aent on a tnissioa 10 ihi* country by the Apottlc St. P!iil>Fi. (hen in Gaul. It wst» »l%o a tradition or GlastonbuQ- that PriAOASUssnd DiRL'viANUs.othcrwiM called Fugattus and Dvnianus, the reputed envoys of Pope SL Eleulheriui (o King l.ticiun. on arriving in Avallonia, had Tound the Oialory of St. Joieph ■till itanding. and had catabliahcd a cominunity of twcli-e tcligioun thcic The monlci. in Uw lime of William of Malmesbuiy. were alio pcrtuaded that Ihcy had the ptccioul icmalnaof th< Ktvat Ht. Patrick, the Apo*ile of Ireland, who, (hey laid. after hii aposlolate. returned to Britain, and cloHcd his dnvK in peace at Glastonbury. Though thia story i* dii<|Uovcd by the mont uuslwotthy nccount «i that great Saint, still it sectiis tiuc that Gluiontiury really poiMiciiMd the ceinainti of & uinily Irihh Bixhof of the name of PatriclL It hac been conjectured that it may have been Patrick Senio* or Patiick Junior, contcmporaiieB of thair illuKtrious namcuike: but Lanigan. who holdii that ^K.i.PaTnicK h the gteat flt. Patrick, ihiiilu it moie i>[vbal>le that it viai- Moo-Fatrick, an .\bboi and Bithop, who wfu driven bom his see by the Dane* and itiok lefugc in England, and died afih Augu*l, &Ga. (Lanigan, Hiil., ■.. p, jij; iii., p. 311.)— Bcnigkuk alio, the beloved dltdple of 8(. Patrick, and third Aichbithop of Armagh, wai aaid to have ended his life near Olsiionbury, and 10 be botied in ihc Abbejr. Piom hiH Acts, however, it appears that he t>-a* neither > Briton by birth not evct visited this country. He died and was buried at Aitnagti (Lanigati, i., pp. *"' 373)- O" <(>e other hand, there sMimt no reason to doubt that St. Gilda» the elder, called the Scot or Albanian, retitcd to Ulanionbury, and <tic<l and waa burled there. At a later period alio a nuinbci of relics wac brought there from Wa]», amoiiK*! which iraa the body of St. David: and again, aftei the devas- tation of the ahriiies of Noithumbria by the Duim. many of ihcK sacred tmturei were collected and brought southwards, being deposited at Thorncy, Ramsey, and otbei Abbeys, and a largr portion fallin^iotheahaieofGlaMonbury, Tbe monks of G1aftoiibu(>' believed that their gicai Abbot, St Dunstan, had been scCictly restored to llirm; but the Canterbury tradition, that li« reniainod In the Metropolitan Church, tiiu»t be coasidcml niotc tiust>totthy.

St. Wiro, In the anonymous life of WiRO. the Saint is

^am^' "^'"^ *° ''^^^ ^'^'^^ * native of Scotia, which some interpret to be Ireland, an(5 othcn, with Bollandus. Caledonian Scotland. Alcuin, however, a more ancient authority, claims him as an KnglisEiinan of North umbria. The two accounts may be reconciled, if we suppose bim to have been born between the Tueed and tlie Forth, which in tiie time of Alcuin was EnglantI, but before the Li/e was-

204

MENOLOGY.

pfAY &

written had probably begun to be called Scotland, as it is at the present day. Wiro was so greatly venerated for his holy life and sacerdotal i^cal, that the people insisted on having him for their Bishop, and obliged him to go to Rome to ask for consecration from the Pope. He reluctantly yielded, and travelled in company with his friend St. Plcchclm. a priest in alt respects of like sentiments with himself. On their way they met with the holy deacon St. Odger, and from that time the three became inseparable companion.i. In Rome, after ■devoutly visiting the holy places, they were presented to the Pope, probably St. Sei^ius I., who warmly welcomed them, and obliged both Wiro and Plechelm to receive episcopal consecration. They then returned to Britain, and for a time exercised their pastoral oflicc, but in what locality it is im- po.ssible to determine. On the first occasion that occurred,! they gladly renounced their charge, and preferring humility . to authority, sought for retirement on the Continent, in com- pany with Sl Odger. The saints were cordially received by Pepin of Heristal, who gave them what wa-s then called Mount St. Peter, aficr^vards St. OdUia and Berg, as the site of their religious house. So great was the veneration tn which this great prince held the ser\'ants of God, that he chose St. Wiro for his own Confessor, and each year, at the beginning of Lent, was accustomed to \nsit the monasteij-, and laying aside his regal ornaments, and barefooted, would receive the Sacrament of Penance from him or St Plechelm.

St. Wiro lived to an advanced age, in the ways of the highest Christian perfection, and was buried in the church he had built in honour of our Divine Saviour and His Blessed Mother. His deposition occurred on the 8th May ; but at a later period his relics, with those of his companions, were translated to Rurcmondc, where they were treated with the honour due to so eminent a Saint, and his festival has ever been observed with devotion in Holland.

In ib« proper liymn ol the ihtM Sal nil ihcy ure said to be "divtrni Biiionutn progcnici locia," though they arc kfUiwaid* called Scotit. The woid^ of WcaiB in itii PiMma dt Poatificibu* Ulior, line 1074, are: "Alii alquc alii ex pr«btit gtote . . . e quibvs epegii Suidbcft Mtaquc Bwetdwi" jdoubilcM

MAY e.] MENOI,0GV. 205

Vnto). The ftnonytnou* life given b)> tlic Botlondiins i> mote ancient than the DdKlileofSt. Suidbcrt by MarccllmuiL

3S. tndiactua and Camp.

U<irlt. M, Q. /fii(. Maltnnli. Pont.,li..f9':&nt>q>

L*g. Tinm., fol. 124A ; Capgr., tot. Giant. (Galo, ii., p. 3gi), 15511: Nov. l^g.,M- iSSb: Whitt Add: W.I and 3; Chal. (5 Feb.).

Aristobuliu, L^. W. T aaS >: Ch>i. (15 March). Hist Maltnecb. Antiq. Olaftt.

8t, Joseph of Atimathca. Lfg. Nov. L«g., fol. rgCb i W. ■ and HisC. Malmnli. Aniiq. Glui. »; Ch»l. (a? July).

S3. Fugaiius and Damianut. Lff, W. I and 2 (8 April): Chal. (j Leuonn oT St. Elcuthchus (Suppl. J«n,), Srev. Rom.).

Hilt. Malmenb. Anliq. Glaxl. St. Palrielt. ifdrf. A Man. oT ijih cent. /f'tr. Maline*b. Antiq. GLoat.

81. Beni|[nuii. Ltf. Tinm,, fol. 17101 Capfir.. fol. Hiil. Malmeib. Anciq, Glatt. 33n ; Nov. Leg., fol. 36*1 ; W. a (3 Nov.); ChaL [9 Nov.).

St. Wiro. Wart. H. Hilt. Boll.. 3rd vol. of May, p. 309,

Ltf. Nov. I.«g. , lA. 9070 ; W. I and a; ChaL

THE NINTH DAY.

A f Tyhum, fAe/>assu>nei/t/K PViwr^^^ ThomaS PICKER- ING. Martyr, Lay Brotlur of llu Ordtr of St. Beuidtct.

V. Thoouu Thomas Pickfring was the son of a loj-al

*''fj"^' soldier, who tost his life in the king's cause during

AD. the civil war. He himself had hccn admitted into

*^ the Order of St Benedict as a lay brother, and

seems to have been residing in London, when he was arrcstnl

on the deposition of Oatcs and Bedloc. who charged him,

together with Mr. Grove, of having undertaken to .shoot the

king as he was walking in St. James's Park. Nothing could

be more extravagant than their evidence, but it was accqtted

by the judge and jury, and the two were condemned to death.

Pickering was reprieved for a few months, either in hopes of his

306

MENOLOGY.

[may' 10, 11.

making further discoveries, or because the king was unwilling to consent to the execution. On the gib May, however, he was dragged to Tyburn, and the sentence was carried out The Martyr expressed the greatest joy in being allowed to give up his life for God, prayed for his persecutors, and freely forgave all. At the last moment, being called upon by some one to confess hb guilt, he raised the cap which covered his face, and with an innocent smile said : " Is this the coun- tenance of a man that dies under so gross a guilt?"

i/iii. Oiiilloncr'iMiss, PrtatH.vol. t1. Weldon'* Notes, p. 3(9.

THE TENTH DAY.

At Pontoise, in France, the dtpositiott of St. WllXIAM, Confessor and Priest.

St- WilUatn, WlLLIAM was an Englishman by birth, resi- ^p" dent at Ponloise, where he was greatly venerated 11(12. for his charity and many virtues. He was seized with a sudden illness as he was accompanying the clergy and people in the procession of the Litanies on one of the Rogation -days. His death was followed by miracles, the fame of his sanctity was widely spread, and his tomb became the object of many pious pilgrimages.

Ug. Whilf. Add.; Chal {aS June); Hiit. BoIL.toL xW. [3id of May^ pk Fcnari ; SaUMains (Sup. Jtott. 597. Gal.].

THE ELEVENTH DAY.

At Offchurch, in Wanvidcshire, and at the Priory of Dunstable, in Bedfordshire, the festival of St. Fhemund, Martyr. — At York, the passion of tfu Blessed John ROCHES- TER and the Blessed JamES Walworti I, Martyrs and Priests of llu Carthusian Order. — Also the commemoration of nine BUsstd Martyrs of the same Order, who perished about tfu same time of hunger and the miseries of a cruel imprisonment — namely, JOHN or RicilARD Bere, Priest; Thomas John-

MAY 11.]

MENOLOGY.

«P7

SON, Priest; Thomas Grei£nwav, or Green. Priest; John Davies, Dtofon ; WILLIAM Greenwood, Lay Brother; TllosrAS SCRYVEN, Lay Broliur ; RoBERT SALT, Lay Brother', WALTER PlERSON, Li^ Brother; and THOMAS Redvng, Lay Brother.

St. FremuMl, The historj- of the holy Martyr St. FremUND "*2;' is involved in the greatest obscurity. According 806 c to the most probable account, he was the son of some powerful nobleman of Mercia, and had retired fruin the world to lend a life of soltludc and devotion, but on the Danish invasion left his retreat to defend the reli^on and independence of his country. He was slain, it 13 said, by an apostate kinsman of his own, by name Oswy, who regarded him as an obstacle to his own ambitious plans, which he hoped to accomplish, with the help of the Danes. Fremund was buried at Offchurch, a place founded by King OfTa, and more than two centuries later tvas translated to the ,-\ugua- tinian Prior)' at Dunstable, where an altar was dedicated to him. The annals of that monasterj' relate that about Easier, A.D, 1 21 2, the miracles wrought at his intercession were so numerous, as to cause devotion to him to be spread far and wide.

In the Ann*It Fremund is called King and Martyr, and wtmt of the le^nds uy he wat Bon of OfTa, whom tlicy [([iicacnt au a pa^^' "^^'^ >b incconciUble with known hiitoiy. but the Saint may have b«en allied to the reigning family, Bod powibly an ttnder-King.

B- Jobn Rochciter.

Hart;

H lames

Walworth,

Uvt.

A.D.

'537-

supremacy, and hung, pieces.

The Blessed John Rochester and the Blessed James Walworth were priests and professed monks of the Charter- House in London, but had been sent to Hull, perhaps on account of the ever- growing troubles of their mother-house. They were, however, arrested, in the cause of the royal and sent to York for trial. Tliey were condemned and suspended in chains till their bodies fell to

208

fENOLOGY.

SY 12.

Other Tlie other nine blessed Martyrs, commemorated

Mortars. (o.(]ay_ ^.^^ g\^ moiiks of tlie Charter-House, three being priests, one a deacon, and the remaining five lay brothers. They were thrown into prison for refusing to acknowledge the spiritual supremacy of Henry VIII.. and left to perish from starvation and the foulness and miseries of their dungeon. One after another, on dirfcrent days, tlicy passed from these sufferings to their c\'crlasting inheritance. Another of the same community, William Home, shared their cnicl captivity, but survived to be brought to execution at a later period.

Hirlyn.

llist. Wllcon'i Cu&logue (a.d. e6oS). Sander's Schiim (Eng. tr*n&}, p,

Life of Mftigarei Clement (Motm** Trouble*, 161 seiies).

St. Ffcmund. CaU. >7. 7;. 90. Uarlt. it, Q. Ltg. Tinm., fol. 135a: Capp.. fol,

ii7(: Nov. L.«g.,fol. t%oa; \Vhitf.

8».l W. lUidi; Clul. Uht. Dnnstable AnnBlK(RoIU],p. 39. Alfbcd'* AnnaU, a.ix SM, vol. UL, p.

101. Camdcn't Brit. (Gib»on), p. J9q.

THE TWELFTH DAY.

At Canterbury, tAi defiositian of iEXHELHEARD, the fourUenik A rchbishop of the Proinnce.

/Ethelhesrd. i^THELKP.ARD was Bishop of Winchester, ''ad * when he was chosen to fill the place of Jambcrt 80s in the Metropolitan Sec, He was a man of great gifts and influence with those in authority, and made it his work to restore the See of Canterbury to the jurisdiction which it had recently lost These efforts, in which Eanbert, Archbishop of York, co-operated with him, were in the end crownc-d with success. King ORa was succeeded by his son. who showed a %villingncss to rci'crt to the old ecclesiastical arrangement, but did not live to sec it carried out. The next King of Mercia, Kcnulph, heartily entered into the design, which was soon effected (a.d. 802). under the sinctioa of Pope St. Leo III., who, in his letters to the King, speaks

BIAY 13, 14.]

MENOLOGY.

209

in the highest terms or j^vthclhcard as a most learned and able man. The Archbishop was a corrcsiwndcnt of the illustrious Alcuin, who rejoiced in the restoration of Canter- bury to its ancient rights ; while he expressed a wish that Aldulph, the Archbishop of Lichfield, should be allowed to retain his pallium during' his liretimc.

/Hthelheard rested from his labours in the year S03, and was buried v\-ith his saintly predecessors.

The due it gitvn accoTilmic to tti« coneetion of hUddon and Siubbt.

t<g. ChaJ.

If'it. Flor., n.o. 803. Malmesb. Pont., i.

THE THIKTEENTII DAY.

At Rumscy, ;'« Hampshirty t/u deposition 0/ ST. Meu- WENNA, Viixin and Abbess.

St. Mer- The Nunnery of Ruinsey was founded in the

'"a.'d. ' *'""^ ^^ Edward the Eider, by a nobleman whose woe. name was Elhelwald. In the year 9O7 Edgar undertook to remodel it, by introducing a community of Benedictine nuns, giving it the title of the Blessed Virgin. St. Merwekna was appointed the first Abbess, and under her care it became a school of perfection, and the hou.se of many holy virgins. St. Merwenna was buried in the church, near her illustrious disciple, St. Kthelfleda.

William of Malmesbury atteUi the itstintt-pUce oT theM Saints, snd «]if«cue< the hope of «otiio tini-e writing their live», tlie puticulin of which he had not ihcn been able to ucertxin.

L*g. \V. I and 1 : Ch«l, (30 March), tfi'if. Molnmb. PonU, ii., % 7S. Simeon Dimelm.. Gest. Reg. [Twj-wt Cd., 158).

Melroae Chron. [Gale, i., p. 149^. Uland, Collect., ii., p^ iS&.

THE l-OURTEENTH DAY.

At Knaresborough, in Yorkshire, the pictts memory of ike My Htnuil. ROBEUT Flowkr.

'4

2IO

MENOLOGY.

[MAT 16.

Robert

Flower,

Hermit.

A.D

1250 c. Ho Day.

The servant of God, Robert Flowek, was tlie son of the Mayor of the city of York, and feeling himself called to a religious life, became a monk in the Cistercian Abbey of Newminstcr. Uut becoming persuaded that his vocation was for a life of perfect solitude, he afterwards quitted the monasierj-, and went to live amongst the rocks in the neighbourhood of the river Nidd. On the dcalli of his father, he renounced or sold the inheritance which fell to him as eldest son of the family, and so detached himself from all worldly care. The reputation of sanctity which Robert soon obtained brought together a number of men who desired to place themselves under hia care, and it appears that .they aurccd to embrace the Institute of the Friars of the Holy Trinity for the Re- demption of Captives, recently founded by St John of Mathn and SL Felix of Valois. Accordingly, that holy Order reckons St. Robert of Knaresborotigh among their Saints.

The account ix dcTJvcd from l.cluid'n Noict (Ilin., f., p. 98). A charier of Haniy HI. spok* of the land which hit bthcr. King John, had Riven to Robert the bcnnit, and confiini* ii lo his «iKccKKHr, the hcimii Ivo, without aay notice of the Friars of the Holy Trinity : to that it would tcein that Robert did not sctiialty (uccceil in founding luch a house at Knaiciibaiough, though thoitly aTtcrwardK the Order wu otabliahcd there bj Richard. King of the RomAni, Ewl of Coniuall.

Ug. ChaL (13 M«y).

Hitt. Dugdale Montut., vi., ji. 1563. Tanner.

TflK l-IFTEKNTH DAY.

Af the Abbey of Beverley, tht fiepositien <j/St. Bkrcthun. Confessor and Abbot.

St. Bfrcthun, Bercthun, whose name in the Latin Chra- ***A.ir"^" nicies is written BrithUNUS or BERTINUS, was one 733. of the attendant deacons of St John of Hcverley, and, by reason of the holiness of his life and his prudence in counsel, enjoyed especial familiarity with his saintly Bishop. It was from him that St, Redo, who calls him a most venerable and truthful man, learned the particulars of many of the great

MAT 1«]

MKNOLOGY.

sii

Saint's miracles. St Bercthun was nominated first Abbot of Beverley, then called DciicwockI, by the holy Bishop, who on his persuasion u'ithdrctv to i1k same place, to end his days in boly retreat, after his resignation of the Sec of York. St Bercthun was called to his reward on the 15th of May, A.D. 733, and was buried at the side of his beloved master.

Lee. Tmm,, fol. ii;*; C»pgf. vbutnt. HiiK Bedn. v., c. 4 liui inC«i.): Nov. LcK.- fol. job; Mabill., icc iii., p. itj. Whitt ; W, 3 ; Chal. (« May). Qtuinton's Chronicle CT»y!iden, i\

7M). Stobs (Twysdcn, p. 1693).

THE Sl.XTEENTH DAY.

Ih Iftt dioceu of Quimpcr, in Brittany, the fistival of St. PuI^(AEL, Confessor and Hcriiiit, iv/to is sitid ic fmvi b*(H a Mtlsjv of Great Britain, and to havt ^otirisiud about t/u ytar 450. Ht is the patron of two farishts, and a (hapet near Quimfer was dedicated in his honour. — In Ireland, the deposi- tion of St. C.^RASTac, Bishop and Confessor, there hunvn by the name of St. CakNATH. — At Enachduin, in Ireland, iJie deposition of St. Brendan. Abbot and Confessor.— At Bor- dcau.\. tfu deposition of St. SimoN Stock, Confessor, Genentt of the Order of Our Lady of A fount Carmel.

St. Carantae, C.MtANTAC M'as the son of Kcretic, Prince nf ^oicMiL' filamorgan, in Wales. His youth was marked with singular piety, and he was yet young when he withdrew from the world to observe a life of strict retire- ment, in a lonely cave. Aftcnvards he felt himself called Lu go to Ireland and join St. Patrick in his apostolic labours In that country, by his holy life and many miraclcit, he eflcctcd many conversions to the Faith. Catantac subse- quently paid one visit to bis native country, and appears to have remained there some time, principally on the shores of tllc Severn. There was a Collegiate Church near I'adstovv dedicated to him, in which there were Canons in the time of St. Edward the Confessor. Carcnton, in Somerset, is abo said to be so called after his name, and was an ancient

312

MENOLOGV.

iY le.

possession of the Church or Bath, where the festival of ihc Saint was obscr\-cd. It is, therefore, not unlikely that these were places founded, or at least visited, by him during this interval. God, however, made it known to hirn lliat he should return to the land of his adoption, and tliere await His call to rcit from his labours. Thus it was in Ireland that St. Carantac gave up his soul to God, and there his sacred remains were deposed with due veneration on this day.

St. Brendaii. BkENI».\N, a native of Ireland, was a disciple

*'*a'd'''' ^^ ^'- ^"'"^" °^ Clonard. He afterwards passed

578. over to Wales, and lived some time under the

discipline of St. Gitdas the Elder, who resided with .Si. Cadoc

at Llancarvon. At length lircndan himself became Abbot of

that monastery, and had under his charge St. Malo, When

that Saint retired to Brittany he was accompanied by

Brendan, who. however, according to the usual account, made

no prolonged residence there. In the end he returned to

Ireland, and fixed his abode at Enachduin, where he passed

to eternal bliss, at a vciy advanced age, on the l6th May,

S78.

Laiuitan {Hitl., iL. p. 13 rf leq.) lay* thiN ix Brendan of Clonfeti. and maintains that it wa« 10 Drillany and not Gicai Biliain thai he wcni. that St. Malo viui not educated in Onai Btiutn, kitd thai the placcit named in iheii hialory fttc in, [Irittany. Thih. hovb«vcr. <loc« not a^ec u-ith the received lUUTKlivc, ftnd in contrary la itiat of Lobincau in hli JL,i/<r 0/ Si, Male,

St Simon SiMON STOCK was a native of Kent, and of a ®*'*^§°^' distinguished family. At the tender age of twelve 1165. years he was favouiied with a holy inspIraUon to leave his parents and all the advantages of the world, and take up his dwelling in the hollow trunk of a decayed tree. There he abode for twenty years, nourishing himself with roots and wild fruits, practising supcrliuman austerities, but enjoying a sublime gift of prayer. After that, he heard that the Carmelite friars had been introduced into Kngland, and feeling assured that God willed that he should henceforth serve Him in that Order, he humbly sought and readily obtained permission to enter it, at their house at .-Xylesford, in Kent. Simon was afterwards sent to study at Oxford, where he

MAY 16.]

MENOLOGY.

313

graduated in theology and qualified himself to labour with ■nicccss in the service of souls. The fruits of his zeal were abundant, and his writings on religious subjects most bcrc^ ficial. On the death of Alan, the General, in a Chapter held at Aylcsford, Simon was unanimuusly chosen to be his suc- cessor. The services he rendered to the brotherhood were conspicuous, and among them was the Confirmation of the Rule, obtained from Honorius III. His acknowledged sanctity and his frequent miracles made his influence irresist- ible, and he turned all things to the glory of God. Above all, he was distinguished for his devotion to the ever-blessed Mother of God, and it whs while he w;ts General of the Order which bears her name that, according to the Carmelite tradi- tion, accredited, it may be said, by the universal Church, he was favoured with the celebrated vision of the holy Scapular. Our Blessed Lady presented him with the badge of her ser\'icc, and promiNcd to all who should wear it with devotion and fidelity, that they should receive special protection during life, and at death should never want the siiecour needful for their salvation. The Saint lived to the age of a hundred years, and died in his convent at Bordeaux. His relics ^vcrc pre- served there, but a notable portion of this sacred treasure has happily been obtained for the Carmelite Church of St Simon Stock at Kensington. The festival has been granted to England by Pope Leo XII 1. The Carmelites have a special Office, with proper hymns, &c.

St. PflnucL Nitl. Lobinnu, Saints dc Brctognc. wl, i.. p. 3 J. S(. Caianijc. C«l. gs-

Uarl. M; b1k> M orEieter. £rfX> I'inm.. fol. 1340; Nov. t^g.. fol. $6.1 : Whiif, Add. 1 W. 3 (17 May) : Choi. HiU. Boll. Hth vol. of May. p. 5»5> ; AlfMd'g Annali. SL Diaidwi. C«f. 6j; Modern Iriili.

Maris, Rom. Molanu* (antd. to

Uxuaid). Ug. Tinm.. fol. iiSii ; Capfr.

(bunnj ; Nov. L.tg,, foT. 4jfc;

WliitC Sat. : W. I »nd i ; Chal. Hhl. Lobineau, Sunt* it BrcUgno

ii-t P- SS- Moran't Iriih Sainti in GL Brit. p|k

30. ^J. St. Simon SiocL Marl. Rom. (Carm. Suppl.], Leg. W. I and 1 ; Chal. ; Xxmota in

Br«A'. (Suppl.). Hitt. BotL Utti *al- May), p. ^33.

2'4

MENOLOGV.

[MAT 17. Ift

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY.

Al Malmtsbury, Iht hoiy memory of St. MaiLDI'LK, Con- ftstor aH<i Monk.

St Kailduir. St. Mailduuf, othcm-isc called Mki.drum, ^^■' was a native of Ireland, where he was eminent for 473«. his proficiencj* in learning and philosophic studies, '■ and where he professed the monastic lift A desire of perfection and complete detachment from the world made him, as so many others in that age, seek a voluntary exile from his own land. Arriving at Malmcsbur^', then called Bladon. Maildulf was attracted by the aspect of the vast forest, which then surrounded the place, as a site admir* ably adapted to his design of lcadii)({ a solitar)' life. There he fiiccd himself; and in order lu provide the necessaries of life, undertook to instruct such of the youths of the neighbour- hood, as chose to betake themselves to him. The number of bis scholars soon increased ; and as many of them wished to place themselves entirely under his guidance, he wa? in<luce<.1 to form a community, which afterwards became the celebrated Abbey of Malmcsbury. The most eminent of these disciples was St. Aldhclm, who, after completing his studies under St. Adrian at Canterbury, chose Malmcsbury as the place of his religious profe<tsion. In a document of Pope .Sergius I,, c. 701. St. Maildulf is mentioned as the founder of the Church of St. Peter and St Paul. There he was buried, and his relics held in great veneration, until, after the Norman Conquest, they were removed, together with those of St. Aldhclm and others, to tlie Chutxh of St. Michael.

M.y).

(18 April): Chal. (as

HiU. Beda. v.,e. tS. Malmcsb. Pont., X., \ 1S9. Lcland, Collect., iil, 138.

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY.

At Shaftesbury, in Dorsdshin, the commemoration of St. Elgiva, Queen, IVit/on: — A/so the traMslation of St. Mii.i>RED, Virgin and A bbess, tvAose fiej>osition is o« the ijth of July.

MAT 10.]

MEX'OLOGY.

215

St Elgiw*. El.r.lVA waa the wife of Kine Kdmund. and y^""" mother of his successors, Edwig And the great 97t Kdgar. She was a woman of many virtues, and greatly venerated for her piety and supernatural gifts. She abounded in alms-deeds and every good work, her sweetness and piety were obvious.to al! who beheld her, and she had an utter contempt of vain oniainents and dress. F.lgiva had moreover the gift of prophecy in a remarkable degree, and by her prudent counsel wns a main support to her illustrious son, Edgar, who held her in theiiighest respect. Through her liberality, the Monastery of Shaftesbury was rebuilt or enlarged, and in tliai sanctuary her sacred relics reposed. The name of the Saint in the ancient English language was ^Igifu, Elgiva or Algyva being the Latin form adopted by the chroniclers.

One MS. only of the SaTon Chronicle {Cofi, Tiher.. B. iv.), after mention- ing ihc dmtli of Rdmund, addn: " AclfleJa at [>«mcrham, Klgar'ii ilau|;hl<:r th« CBrldcriTUn, nns then hii queen ". It ti dltlicuk to underfttaiid ihis pUMge, uiilcAH wv *uppof« a mlscalic in the nwne. m it it dent lh» P.lijivii long HUivivcd hct buebani],

MalRi»bury iayn Elgiva "fecit monatteritim": hut if thii ri^feR 10 Shafteibcr}'. it had alreaily btvn built and endowed by Alfred, lor hi* daughlei IUheiEi\-a.

St. Elgiva. St. Uildicd

Col. ij. Call. 26. 46, 48.

Hurt. L. Mart. I.

Us- W. I and 1 [5 May); Chal. Hist. Malmeib. Reg., ii., t B: Pont., a.. }86l

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

At Canterbury, //«• dcfvsifha of St. DunSTAN, Cfii/fssfir, Arcfibishop 0/ CanUrbury. — .-]/ Tyburn, tfu prawui ttiartyr' iiom of the Venerable Petek Wkight. Priest of the Sodity of fesus. — At Tours, in France, the deposition of the religious and most teamed Motik^ AlcUIN, by birth and educatieiH an MnglisJiinan.

SI. DuuMan. Di;nstan was bom of a noble line, the names ^^A-*D°^' ^'^ ^'^ parents being Heorslan and Kyncdritha. SiW- He received his early education from the Irish

2H

rAY 19.

pilgrims who had settled at Glastonbury, his native place. Dunstan received the clerical tonsure at an early age, and was yet a boy when he was called to the Court of King Athelstan, from which he was however expelled through the jealousy of some of his companions. A considerable part of the time of his disgrace was spent at Winchester with St. Elphege tlie Elder, uho persuaded him to embrace the monastic state, which he had already done, when restored to favour by King Kdmund. He was still very young when appointed by that Prince Abbot of Glaston- bury, a monastery at that time fallen into a state of .sad decay, and which owed its future greatness to the restoration, which he effected in its spiritual and temporal condition.

Dunstan enjoyed the highest esteem of the two Kings, Edmund and Ed red, and devoted much time to their service, as one of their chief advisers in the administration of the realm ; but when the unhappy Edwy succeeded, the holy Abbot, finding himself obliged to reprove the vicious propensities of that unruly boy, became the victim of persecu- tion, and was obliged to take refuge in Flanders. During this interval the bad government of Edwy provoked a rebellion in a great part of the Idngdom; and when it was found that the royal authority could not be restored, Edgar, his brother, was induced to accept the rule of those provinces as a separate state, till the death of King Jidwy left him sole monarch.

Dunstan was recalled to England, and as his Abbc>* wa.s in the power of Edwy, Kdgar caused him to be nomi- nated Bishop of Worcester, the first Sec that became vacant. Afterwards he was promoted to London, and finally to the Metropolitan Church of Canterbury, as had been predicted by St Odo, the Archbishop, on gi\"ing him episcopal consecration. Great was the work of rcpara* tion which the Saint had to accomplish in this position of authority, and his labours were unceasing in behalf of both Church and State. Having visited Rome and re- ceived his pallium, he relumed to resume the good work

HAY 10.]

MF.N'OLOCY.

"7

already commenced, and he was so happy as to And zealous co-operators in St, Oswald, Bishop of Worcester .ind Arch- bishop of York, and St. EtheUvold, liishop of Winchester, as well as the ready support of King Edgar in all his good designs.

The nnonastcrics which had been destroyed by the Danes were rebuilt, and many new ones added; the monastic spirit, which had almost i>erishcd in those troubled times, was revived ; the clergy, who had become worldly, and too often scandalous, in their lives, were corrected, and in several of the cathedrals were replaced by monks, for the devout celebra- tion of the divine offices and the edification of the people. King Edgar not only lent his willing help to those salutary rcform.'i, but chose Diin»tiin as his chief counsellor in the affairs of hi^ realm ; and, with his advice, promulgated those excellent laws, and took those wise measures, which gained him the reputation of one of the greatest and most beloved sovereigns, who have ruletl in this land. But the favours of the Court could not shake the holy man in the stern perrorni' ancc of his duty. He was faithful in rebuking the Prince for those vices by which a part of his life was stained, and cv-en inflicted on him a penance of seven years, to which he humbly submitted. St. Dunstan was a man of learning, and skilled in other arts and sciences, besides those proper to hid calling. During his life he was greatly venerated for his sanctity and the holy discipline he established ; and God marked His approval by the innumerable miracles which he pcriormcd, both during his life and after his death. The devil showed his malice and rage against the Saint in many ways, but was always defeated, and could gain no advantage over him, nor make him cease from his labours.

Sl Dunstan nilod the English Church during twxnty- scveq years, and was invited to the everlasting reward of his good deeds on the 19th Maj-. 988. He was buried at his Cathedral Church, and there continued to repose, the Glaston- bury tradition of his translation to that Abbey being ap- parently without foundation.

218

MF.NOLOGY.

[2£A.Yld.

V, Pewr The Venerable Pkter Wrk.ht was born at

^"^*^^'J'Siiplon. in Northamptonshire, of pious but iKxir

HJSi. parents, and on the death of his father was obliged to talfc service in a Protc!>tant family. The sad consequence was that, being young at the time, he lost his religion, though as he grew older he gradually recovered it, and going abroad, was reconciled by the Jesuit Fathers at Licgc. Wright then began a course of study in one of their colleges, and in due time entered the novitiate at Wattcn. The effects of the training he received were remarkable and lasting, and from being naturally hasty and passionate, he became from that time singularly calm and sedate. After his ordination several important offices were confided to him, until he accompanied Sir Henry Gage into England. On the death of that distin- guished Royalist, in 1644, Fr. Wright went to reside with the Marquis of Winchester, where he remained till he was seized by the pursuivants on Candlemn-t Day. 1651.

The gnod father was committed to Newgate on the sus- picion of being a priest, and was happy enough to be confined in the same room with Mr. Cheney, a secular priest, from whom he received the helps of religion. Great efforts were made to obtain the release of Wright, but on the evidence of certain apastaces hi.s pricsthooti «*as proved, and he uas con- demned to death, upon which he publicly gave thanks to God, in the words of Si. Peter, that it was not as a criininal or evildoer that he was convicted, but as a Christian for the profession of his faith. On the day of his execution he had the happiness of celebrating Mass with great devotion, and when summoned to the hurdle by the knocking M the gate of his cell, his answer was : " I come, sweet Je*u», I come ". The crowd at Tyburn was enormous, and the holy man was allowed to address .some movin^j; words to them, in which he expressed his free forgiveness of all, and his perfect rc»ign.a- tion, or, rather, his great happiness, in laying down his life for his Heavenly Master. The body of the Martyr was quartered in tlic usual manner, bui his friends were permitted to carry away his sacred remains, which were afterwards honourabl)' deposited in the Jesuit College at Liege.

UAY Id.]

MENOLOGV.

219

AIculo. A.D. 804.

The holy and most learned monk Al,cutS, celebrated thoughout Christendom under the name of Flaccus Albinus. was bom of noble parentage, in the city of York, and studied in the school founded by the Archbishop Egbert, of whom he delighted to speak in terms <tf gratitude and the higliest praise. Alcuin became a monk in York, where he was ordained deacon, and eventually was appointed head of the school from which he had derived his own learning. Having been deputed by Eanbald, the Arch- bishop-elect, to bring his pallium from Rome, he met the Kmperor Charlemagne at Parma, and was earnestly prcs-ied by him to return with him to Paris. Alcuin howc^'cr felt bound to return to the sphere of duties, in which obedience had placed him, and it was not until Charlemagne had obtained an order from the Archbishop and the King of Norlhumbria that at length he went to Paris. The Emperor then opened a school in his own palace, as well as an academy for learned di!icus.tions^ Over these Alcuin presided, and ihcy were attended by the princes, nobles, and a great number of scholars. In this way that impulse was given to learning and the arts of peace which were no less an honour to the great Prince, than the splendid victories of his arm.s. Alcuin was constrained to take upon himself the government of many abbey.t and religious houses, as the Emperor judged it the best means to revive or maintain ihcm in strict discipline and observance. Among these was the Abbey of St. Martin, at Tours, to which the servant of God at length, and with much difficulty, obtained leave to retire. After governing it as Abbot for some time, during which he continued to assist the Emperor by his counsel, he was finatlv- permitted to resign all his dignities, and as a simple monk living under obedience to await the coming of his Lord.

His holy death took place on the 19th May, 804. Great as is the reverence in which Alcuin has ever been held, it does not appear that he has ever received the special honours due to those who are publicly recognised .is Saints.

220

MENOLOGY.

[MATaO.

tit. Dunsun, Coil. 1.3.3.4.5,9.11. ij», (,<-.[«,

15. 18. 14. 26. ir.3». 39.41.48.54.

56. 58. J9, 6*. 6j. 65. 67. 93, 101. M«Hs. Rom, , H, K. L, [. N, P, Q, R. Ltg. Tinm.. fol. ijjii ; CapKi.

(butnil; Lrg. Nov.. 88i; Whitt

Sar.; W. i anda; Chal. Hi»f, Malmesh. Pont, i,, | il Lives of St. DiinMan and Introd. \>Y

Siubb* [Rolls Sulci).

Ven. Pfter WriKht. Hilt. Chatlonec's Misi^ Priems. vol, ii; Foley') Rccoids,

Alcuin. Mart. C. i-f/. W. I and 1 : Chal.

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

At Hereford, //«■ passion of St. Ethelbeiit, Ktng^ and Martyr.—Al Croyland, in Lincolnshire, the holy memory ef Al.TtlRVDA, Virgin, the betrothed tvife of the viartyred King.

St. Ethelbert, Ethf.i.bekt was unexpectedly called to sue* ^^£)x" '^^'^ ^'^^ father. Ethclrcd. as King of the East 793. Angles, when he was yet a youth engaged in his studies. He ruled his people wLscIy and to their great profit for a number of years, .ind in great personal holiness of life, his most prominent virtue being his singular humility. Con- trary to his own inclination, he was induced by his nobles to consent to marry, in order to secure an heir to the throne, and so prevent the wars which otherwise were too likely to follow his death. I'roposals were made to OfTa, the powerful King of the Mercians, who consented to give him hh daughter AUhryda iti marriage, and invited him to his Court to carry away his bride. Ethelbcrt accordingly hastened to Sutton. in Herefordshire, where Offa then resided, and was received with a show of hospitality, but in truth with the blackest trcacherj'. The ambitious and unscrupulous Offa allowed himself to be persuaded by his wife Cynethryth, that for reasons of state the contract should not be executed, but that their holy guest should be put to death, whilst he was in Ihcir power, and his territories annexed to their own. The fearful crime wa.s privately committed by their order, and the body of the Martyr secretly buiied at Mardcn. on the banks of the

MAT ai.]

MENOLOGY.

23T

Lugg. M iraclos soon followed, to show how precious was hb death in the sight of God. and the Saint himself made known his pleasure, that his remains should be translated to the place then caUed Feroley, but afterwards known as the city of Hereford. This was done accordingly, and it was not many years before a Bishop's Sec was established there, and his relics became the precious treasure of the Cathedral Church. It is said that the many prodigies which took place at length brought Offa to a sense of his enormous gutlt. and that he sought, by numerous good works for the benefit of religion. to Qiakc some reparation for his crime.

Alth ttVUA was the daughter of Ofla, King of Mercia, and his wife, Cynelhr>th. She was be- tnithcd to the blessed Martyr, Kthclbert, King of East Anglia, who, as related above, was cruelly murdered by order of her parents, when he came to their Court to celebrate the marriage. Allhr>'da was filled with horror at the per- petration of such a crime, and at once resolved to consecrate her virginity to God, and spend licr days in penance an^ prayer. It is said that she retired to Croyland, and occupied a cell adjoining the church, where for a number of years she led ail angelic life of heavenly contemplation.

This nami; U found in ihe chtoniclet under various rorma — Althtyd*, MtttAa. EUicda. unci HUidfTcda..

Althiyda, v.. AD

NflKny.

St. Elhelbcrt. Calt. i. 37. 38. 61. 6s, 85. g8. Marli. L. N. Q, R (in tome on tSiIi). Lrf, Tinm., fol. 1441; Cftpgi., (bl.

104b ; Nov, Leg., fol. ijOft ; WhUr.

Sw.i W. landii Cli»l. Hilt, FloT., A.D. 793 ; Malmesh.

Ponl.. iv . i r70. Hnlrnnb. R«g., i.. J M; ii., } aiu. Btemton (Tv(>'«L Col., 748).

Althryda. Hhl. Flor.. A.n. 793;

(Twynd. CoL. 751). B9U. (ittvol.gf Ang.).

Dromton

THK TWKNTV-FIRST DAT.

At Llangollen, in DtnbigfisMre, (ht ftstivat efS\. GOLI.EN. or COLt.E^^/'/(^r/W('/VH of thai place. Xk-fiosc name is/ffund tn an aMcient Calendar on thii daj. — At Finchale, ntar Dur/iam, the liffiosiliett of St. Godbick, C^nftssor ami Hermit.

233

MENOLOGY.

[MAT 21.

St. Godnck. GODRICK was a native of Norfolk, and the son """ad ""'^"of poor but very pious parents. In early life he "TO- exercised a kind of petty merchandise, and went from place to place to sell his wares. In a little time he became a prosperous man, and had to take long journeys in the interest of hiti trade, and on those occasions paid v'mts of devotion to the holy spots which lay in his way. Among other places, he found special consolation at Lindisfarne and l^arnc Island, the abode of St Cuthberl, for whom he enter- tained an e.\traurdinary devotion, choosing him, with St. John Baptist, as bis particular jwilron, and setting before him his life of abnegation as the mode! he desired to copy. Godrick had not, however, as yet determined on changing his cour:5e of life, but visited the sanctuaries of the Holy Land, and even after his return lo Morfolk, resumed his occupations Jii the world. But he only waited to know the will of God ; and when this was made clear to htm, and he had obtained the willing consent of his parents, he resolved to renounce all, and follow his Lord in that most austere and arduous course, to which he was called. The Saint began by a second pilgrimage as far as Rome, in which his mother obtained her husband's consent lo accompany him, and in which she showed such fervour, that, from leaving the gates of London till she came back to the .lame place, she made the entire journey barefoot. Having conducted his mother safely lo her home, Godrick now determined to betake himself to some place where he was entirely unlmown, and chose for the purpose the remote city of CarlLilc, and there gave himself up to a life of severe mortification and constant prayer. He was the first to enter the church in the morning, and the last to leave it at night, so that it was impossible thai his piety should e-icape observation, and he soon began to attract more attention than was pleasing to him. One thing, however, was most gratifying to him, and that was the present of a copy of the psalter, givxrn to him by a pious citizen, a volume which was scarcely ever out of his hand till the day of his death, though he soon learned the contents by heart.

But Godrick wished to escape the converse of man, and

MAT ai.]

MEXOLOGY.

left Cariisk to live in woods and wild spots of the countiy without any Mttlcd habitation, a course of life which he followed for some time, and during which the wolves and wild beasts of the forest, by the divine disposition, showed their reverence for him, and obej'cd his will. At length the Saint found himself at WoUingham, and, having entered a cave near that place, discovered that it was already occupied by a holy hermit of the name of Eilric. who is otherwise called Godwin. The two servants of God, though hitherto unknown to one another, saluted each other by name, embraced and at once resolved to live together, Godrick rejoicing to minister to the aged Saint and benefit by his counsels. After about two years, St Eilric was called to his rest, and St. Cuthbcrt appeared to Godrick and intimated to him (he place of hts future abode. Before settling, however, he made another pilgrimage to Jerusalem, which he performed with bare feet, and then returned to England and fixed his abode at Fin* chalc for the rest of his life, a spot assigned to him by the Bishop of Durham. The rest of the life of Godrick was a continual scries of prodigious austerities and miracles and the most sublime contemplation, accompanied with the gift of prophecy. He saw the soul of his friend, St. Robert oC New- minster, ascend to heaven, under the semblance of a globe of fire. When St. Thomas, the Martyr, was made Archbishop, though he had never known him, he sent to warn him of the struggle he would have to endure and his exile, and renewed the communication on other occasions, the last time foretelling the approaching martyrdom. Godrick placed himself under the obedience of tlie Prior of Durham, who sent a priest to celebrate the holy sacrifice in his oratory, and administer the holy sacraments. One of the priests so sent on frequent occasions was Reginald, to whom we owe ilie fullest life of the Saint, and who was intimately acquainted with him. and licard from his own lips much of what he has related. St- Godrick lived till the year 1 170. Though advanced in ycara, his sufferings were perfected by a long and painful sickness, which he bore with the dispositions of a Saint, predicting tlic day on which tlicy would cease for ever. He was buried in

924.

MENOLOGY.

[MAT 22.

his own cell, where a chapel was afterwards erected in his honour.

The Priory of Finchale was a later foundation, and erected at some distance from the hermitage of St. Godrick.

St. Gollen. Cal. 91.

St. God lick. Calt. ijrt, b, c. Leg. Tinm.. fol. 14^; Caper., Ibl.

I>5( 1 Nov. Leg., tbi. ii^b■. Whitf.

Su.: W. landa; Clul. Hia. Lib by Reginald (Surtccc voL

xxlv,V WtUiam of Ncwbiirgb, IJ,, c 30 ivoL

i.. p. 140).

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

At Santo Padre, in tht dtoctse of Aquino and kittgtiom of NapUs, the ffstivai of ST. Fl"LK. Confessor, a pilgrim from Gnat Britain. — At Chcrtscy and al Windsor, the pious memory of th h&iy King, HenkvVI.— W^ Smithficld, //w /»«**»« of the BUssfd }Ons I'OREST, Martyr. Priisi, ami Friar of the Order of Su Francis. — At Canterbur)', the martyrdom of Ike Blessed John Stone, Priest and Augvslinian Friar, who suffered near the same time with the Blessed John Forest.

St Fullc. FULK was a native of Great Britain, who.

^0" having disposed of his goods for the benefit of the Unceftain. poor, chose for himself a life of poverty and exile, lo follow more clcwcly the steps of his Divine Master. He accompanied his friends St. Ardivyne, St. Gerard, and St Bernard in their pilgrimage to the holy places of Palestine. On their return through Italy, the pious company were attracted by the holy solitude of Mount Gargano, and spent se^'era! yeans there, dwelling in the caves which they found in the rocks, and leading lives of sublime prayer and wonderful austerity. At length, in obedience to a divine call, thej* started on. their way to Rome, though in the event none of them reached the holy city. At Gallinaro. St. Gerard was seized ivilh a fatal sickness, and released from Ihc bui-dcn of this Ufe, and a little further on the way, at Arpino, St. Dernard

MAY 22.]

MENOLOGY.

3SS

was invited to share his eternal repose. Ardwyne and Fulk journeyed onward, in ioving companionship, till they came to Santo Padre, or, as it was then called, Castrofurii, and finding the place devastated by the plague, devoted themselves to the service of the sick in the public hospital, St. Fulic wa^ rewarded with the precious death of a Martyr of charity, and, as an unknown stranger, was buried without the walls of the hospital. It was not until long after that his great sanctity became known and began to be revered. When the hospital WZ3 pulled down, and the public way passed over the grave of the Saint, it was observed that no beast of burden could be forced to trample over the sacred spot, the reason of which was explained in an apparition of Fulk himself to a poor lame man, whom he healed of his infirmity, and charged wth a message to the priest of the place and the Bishop of Aquino, commanding that his relics should be removed and translated with honour to tJie church. This was accordingly done, and from that time began the great devotion to St FuLk, which led to his becoming the patron of the place, the name of which was changed from Castrofurli to Santo Padre, in veneration of him, whom the faithful people delighted to call their holy father. At all times, pious pilgrims visit the shrine of St. Fulk. and experience the benefits of his intercession, but it i^as been especially in seasons of pestilence that his protection has been felt by his dc\'out clients.

The veneration of the Saint was recognised by Pope Gregory XIII., who granted an Indulgence for the day of his festival.

The Acts of Si, Fulk. given by the Bollandisls from the Episco[ial Chancery of Aquino, call liim an Englithman, an4 a ^-o1ul1UIy exile tind pil^tini, but My noililng of \u» companions, ot of ihe bioOiera he U swd by Feriui to have had. In tbit ih« Rollindihtt ihink that Fcfraii has lallcn into tome tnot ot conAition of niiineii. TlicsE Act* have little to record of tile life of the Saint, but relate pfincipally to ki% Uanslition. and the mincles ind events which follou'ed. For tN epoch at which the Saint lived, tec the note of St. Animync, tSth July.

Henry VI.. Thc calamities of a long reign on earth were j^' the means by which God was pleased to prepare J47I- this saintly Prince for the inheritance of a king-

15

336

MENOLOGY.

[MAT 22.

dom of endless bliss in the future world. The life of Henrv was blameless from the first dawn of reason to ite close His enemies were many, but none of them could deny his purity, his devotion, his patience under trials, or his placable disposi- tion. He did what his unhappy circumstances allowed for the benefit of his people ; he oppressed them with no burden- some taxes or extraordinary imposts, but wished all to live in peace and contentment, as well the meanest of his subjects as the great nobles. He had always the interests of religion most at heart, and founded the colleges of Eton and King's at Cambridge.

After his cruel murder, the good King was buried at Chertsey Abbey, and it was not long before miracles began to attest his sanctity. These in the course of time became so numerous tliat Richard HI. was induced to translate his remains to St, George's Chapel at Windsor, perhaps as an act of reparation for his share in the great crime. From that time the sick and afflicted from all parts of the country had recourse to the intercession of Hcnr>-, and long lists of well- authenticated graces were drawn up. Henry VH. made great efforts to obtain his canonization, and it appears that Pope Julius II. was prepared to grant the petition, when the death of the King postponed the proceedings, which were never resumed. The sentiment of the nation, however, has ever regarded Kitig Henry of Windsor as a Saint, and the com- pilers of our more recent martyrologies have given him a place among the eminent servants of God.

joimF<w«t. John Forest entered the Order of St. Francis ^1^^ at the age of se^-entccn, was educated at Oxford, iSSfli and professed among the Observants at Greenwicli. It is said that he became provincial of hi? Order, and he was also confessor of the Queen Catherine of Ara^on. He was a strenuous opponent of the divorce, and for this, or for in some way resisting the King's unlawful proceedings, he was thrown into prison in Newgate There he remained two years, and in the interval wrote a book " On the Authority of the Church and the Pope". This greatly exasperated Henry, and when

MAY 22.]

MENOLOGY.

Mf

Forest refused to retract what he had written, he was at once condemned to death. It was supposed tliat tlie sentence would have been immediately carried out, and a touching correspondence took place between the Queen, who was then in retirement at Kimbolton. and her holy confessor. Such however was not the case, and the Martyr had still to wait about three years before receiving his crown. It would aeem that he was well treated in Newgate, as Latimer wrote to complain that such usage was not the way to bring him to eon- formity, and hinted that tlie way adopted with the Carthusians was more expedient. Nevertheless, efforts were constantly made, both by torture and otherwise, to persuade him to acknowledge the King's supremacy, which he always resisted without the least wavering, while he prayed that God would avert His anger, justly caused by the sins of Mis people.

On the 22nd May, Father Forest was dragged on a hurdle to Smithficid, where the order was that he should be burned as a heretic, thou{rh it does not appear what was the pretext for so atrocious a sentence. There the chief men of the King's Council were assembled, with authority to spare him if he showed any signs of conformity; and there, too, was Latimer, now called Bishop of Worcester, who was appointed to preach on tlie occasion. The Martyr heard him unmoved, and an.swcrcd his arguments with such force that the apostate was unable to reply, and cried out : " Bum him, bum him, for his words prove that he deserves death ". In answer to a last appeal, the holy man again made a distinct profession of the Catholic Faith, and cried out with a loud voice; "O Lord God, neither fire nor gallowti, nor any torments, shall separate me from Thee". An iron chain was then passed round hi* waist and under his armpib, and he was suspended over the fire, which scarcely reached to his feet The fire was so blown with the wind as greatly to prolong his sufferings, while with wonderful intrepidity he continually repealed the words of the Tsalm, "In the shadow of Thy %vings I will hope, until iniquity pass away". At length the spectators, out of com- passion, pushed down the gibbet into the fire, and the suRer- ings of the Mart>'r were exchanged for an everlasting crown

MENOLOGY. (HAT

of glo«y. To add to the ncrilege, the fire vltidi r/m«infd dw holjr Martjrr WW mde; tD port at least, of tfae vood of a buge sacred image, bnoii^ frocn Soetfa Wale^ wfkcrc it was bdd ia freat vcncfatioo, about vlnd tiiere «ras an old prophecy that it would one day set a forest oo fire.

BL Jata Tbc Blessed Joux StoKC, Augnatinian Friar,

*°^ •*■ b supposed to ha%e niffered for the Faith a little bdore, or a little after. Fr. Forest. Nothing b known of hit faiftor)', but he was represented among the pictures of the Haityrs which adorned tiie old Churtfa of St. Thomas, at the English College in Rome, as may be seen in the rare copies of the engravti^ still to be found.

ScFalL tf0^r. Root. H'ti. Bon.,6dit«t.e(Ha]r'

L*t. W. I asd a (a Nov.): Ckal. Tavan>% LUe^ofSu Ardwyna. (I» Nov.). M&. LcHcn fhm Ki^ta.

Henry VI. CA 8arBmorA.A. 1557. Hitl. Boil., 6tb vol. of Ma}-.

Lf. W, I «nd s i Cbal. i FcrrarL HwpaficU, pp. 390, j^j.

MartytB. f/iff. U'ilMn'a Catalegne. A.D. ifiofi. Hop«'* Pnocitcan Unu. Smda't ScfalMt <EncIbb), p. iiS. Modem Btitiali Hsrtyralogy. Wood'* Atheme, Oson. : Sto^e.

THE TWE.NTY-THIRD DAY. At Rochester, tlu festival of St. William, Martyr.

St WUfian, There is much obscurity In the history of this "■ Saint, and no clue to determine the time when be h'vcd. It appears that he was a native of Perth, in Scotland, and that having for a time given himself up to the follies of the world, he was completely converted to the service of God, and devoted himself to a life of most exemplary piety. He was a Laker by trade, and made it his custom to gi\-e the temh kxif of every batch of bread to the poor. On one occa- sion, having found un his way a poor abandoned infant, he carried him home, fed and clothed him, instructed him, and brought him up as his own son. The holy man had resolved

MAT 24.]

MENOLOGY.

329

on making a pilgrimage to satisfy his devotion, and having passed through England and rested at Rochester, was on his way to Canterbur>', when his serv.int.who seems to have been the vcrj' youth whom he had *io charitably educated, seized with a diabolical spirit of avarice, resolved to rob and murder his good master. Accordingly, he misled him to a solitary place out of the road, and there accomplished his wicked purpose. The body of the holy man was left exposed and unsought, until an unhapp>' woman, possessed by an evil spirit, who wandered at l^rgc about the country, passed that way and was miraculously healed, by the contact of some object which she took from the venerable body. On hearing of so great a prodigy, the people of Rochester were moved with devotion, and carried the sacred remains with great honour to the Cathedral. It is also related that when the place of the Saint's burial had been long forgotten, it was again made known by the occurrence of various miracles. Tbc 23rd of May is the day assigned to St. William in certain calendars, and is perhaps tlie annii.-ersary of this dis- covery.

The tcKcnd of Su William i« Uken from (he Sova Li^onla AngKa (a.D. rjift), hui is nol (bund in Cipsrave'n MS, (Otho DIkI. The hiitoty csmnot be traced 10 any culiet rccoiil. Vi^ Boll., 6Lh vol. of May. p. 368.

Mart. Molanu* [add. to Uauaid). Hht. Boll.. Cth vol. of Hay. p. 1G8.

t^g. Nov. [.eg., (o\. 3Hb\ \V. I and a; Chal.

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY,

■^ r Canterbury, //« deposition of the holy Archbishop, Lan- FRANC, Confessor.

Lanfnuic, L.INFKANC was a native of T^mbardy, of a

^_^' noble family, and early in life distinguished for his io8p. leaniing and virtue. Being desirous of quitting the vanities of the world, he looked out for a religious house, in which he might best carry his purpose to effect, and finally chose the Abbey of Bee, in Nonnandy, as the poorest and moat observant he had met with. Once cstablishc-d there, he

230 MENOLOGY. [MAT 34.

nas the means of revivirg. bj- hi; lerti:re= sr.d :"r.=;nirtions, the study of ecclesiastical and secular ic'.encc. which had greatly declined in those parts. The faxe of Lai:frar.c soon reached the ears of Duke William, who mace hir?. Abbot of St Stephen's, at Caen, and gladly favoured a!I his good n-orks.

After the conquest of England, and the deposition of

Archbishop Stigand by the Papal Legate in the Council at

V.":r.:he5ter, Lanfranc was called to England by William, and

ibli^sd to accept the Metropolitan See of Canterbun-. The

electirr, -xzs approved by Pope Alexander II., who, on the

rrela:e'= %-!=:: to Rome, conferred upon him the archiepiscopal

-a" During the nineteen years of his episcopate, the labours

:[' Lanf^arc never ceased, and were so fruitful in results that

K :s -iistly corsidercd one of the greatest prelates and bene-

:"acr.-r« c: the English Church. He reformed mam- abuses

yTrrr3i'.-~r air.ong the clergj- and the monks, and promoted

rLcrr- ir-d learning throughout the countr>-. He was patient

»irrr =cse who erred, but resolute in carrj-ing out his good

■ur-r.-s^ff. Will-am I. highly esteemed him, and for the most

rar: sKcccixi his efforts ; but it was not so with his son,

TOise rxthlessness to his engagements was a source of bitter

-jTT.-tf ::i: ^ Archbishop, and seemed to have brought on

T^ ::e -i Lanfranc was most pure, hoI>-, and devout ; his

-Tirs^e ^"3* ieri\xd from his confidence in God, and was

...,,1 3^- v^ons of his great predecessor, St. Dunstan,

^-yje^^ccld appear to him to console him and urge

-at -y ^Esevoaoce. His charity to those in need was

,,-;^ au K V3S not wanting in those magnificent works,

-ait-M ■'■«1 »MOie a wealthy prelate. Among these must

LdKtrfwadingor the Cathedral of Canterbury,

I &» fire, which he accomplished with great

^■_- Church with many precious objects,

^ __^ ^^^^^^^-]^iAr idics, collected by him with much

"■" ""^ iB^M tttodheen his accustomed prayer, that

^^' ' . I m fc ^ ^m r^fc** *'*"'''*^ would not affect his reason

°™"'' "" - was granted. An attack of

MAT 25.]

MENOLOGY.

23 1

fever in a few days brought him to the grave. On the last day of his life, the physicians having ordered him a certain drauj^ht, he asked to defer it until he had confessed and received the Holy Viaticum. Wlien this was done he took the cup of medicine in his hand, but instead of swallowing it, calmly breathed his last.

In the Nova LegrnJa, Lanfrsne has the title ot Sai'il, and clicwhetc he la ealted BUtud; but it doci not appcu thai the public bonouri or ganaicy were tucofded to htin.

L(g- Tuim.. fol. 167a: Capgi., fot. Hi'il. MaJmcsb. Poot., i., J 14 ci vf .

17401 Nov. Lcg.,fol.3i3fr; Whitr. Simeon Dunclm.. A.a io8g.

Add. [li Ma/}: W. i and 1; Cbal. Flor. (coniinuaiion). *.i>. toSg. <14 Match).

THE TWENTY-FIFTH DAY.

At Malmesbury, the deposition of ST. AldheLM, Confessor, Bishgp of Slterburne.

St Aidhcira. St. Aldhelh \% said to have been of the royal ^P-jJj^"'-' family of Wcssex, and to have studied under St

ji^ Adrian at Canterbury, where he acquired pro- ficiency in the knowledge of the Scriptures, and in all the ecclesiastical and secular learning of the times. He professed the religious rule in the Monastery of St. Maildulf at Malmes- buiy, and was ordained priest. By order of a Synod held at that time, he wrote a book against various usages of the Welsh Church, which he dedicated to the King of Cornwall, and which was the means of bringing many to Catholic uniformity. St. Aldhclm wrote many books both in English and Latin, in whicli he shows himself familiar with the classical authors. Some of his writings arc still preserved, one of the best known being his treatise on Virginity, addressed to the nun;^ of Barking.

On the death of SL Hedda, Bishop of the West Saxons, the diocese was divided, and a new See was instituted at Sherburne, of which St- Aldhelm wa.s the first titular.

He was forewarned that hi.<t episcopate nould be of short duration, and. devoted himself with earnest zeal to the spiritual

232

MENOLOGY.

[MAT aa.

well-being of his flock and to the sanctification of his own sout. After four years he was called to his reward, and buried in the Abbey Church of St Michael at Malmesbury.

Call. I, 3, 4, 5, 11, 15. 16. 37. 39. 5+.

63, 65. 55.

U«Hs, Rom., M. I. L. N, P, Q. R.

Ltg. Tinm., M. tj;i: Cipgr.. foL^fr;

Nov. Leg., rol. lani Whiif. Sar. ;

W. i»nd»; Ch*1. tiul. Bed*, v., c. iS. Milmcib. Pont., V. (Vita S. Atdhiln).

THE TWENTT-SIXTH DAY.

j4/ Canterbuiy, /Ae dtpositian cf our Blessed Fatlicr, ST. Augustine, first ArckHshop of Canterbury, ami Cenftssor, who, together with Pope St. Gregory the Great, luu the title of ApostU of the English.

St Augustine, So great ivas the love of St. Gregory* for our ^'*'a.d"^'' '^*^*^> ^^^*^ '^ h**l hczw his earnest wish to have 604- come himself to preach the Gospel to our fore- fathers ; but the Roman people would not suffer him 10 leave the holy city for so distant a mission, and afterw/ards, when he was raised to the Chair of St Peter, the care of the whole Church obliged him to remain in his See. One of his first thoughts, however, was the accomplishment of the great work by some other means ; and for this end he chose St. AUGUS- TINE, with about forty companions, taken from his own Monastery of St. Andrew, on the Cclian. They started with his blessing and commendatory letters to the bishops and princes of Gaul ; but when they had reached Provence, they heard such accounts of the barbarity of the English, ih.it their courage failed, and Augustine was sent back to ask for further inittructions from the Pope. St. Gregory exhorted them to pursue their undertaking, and they resumed their journey, arriving in Eiigland En 597. Having landed in the Jutish kingdom of Kent, they were graciously received by Eihclbcrt, the King, who was also supreme lord of the southern part of the island.

Ethelbert first heard their message at a conference in the

MAY 2e.]

MENOLOGY.

333

open air, but afterwards invited them to Canterbury, hb chief cit>', and provided them with a place of setllement there. He and his nobles heard their preaching with devout attention, and were so impressed by the holy lives of the missioncrs and their miracles, that many were at once converted to the Faith. The King was among the first to receive baptism, and hts example was followed by men of every degree. St. Augus- tine .sent the happy tidings to St. Gregory, and consulted him on many points relating to his neophytes. Great was the joy and thankfulness of the holy Pope. He sent a careful answer to all the questions of Augustine, together with the arch- cptscopal pail, books and relics and church furniture, a letter for Kthelbert, and sc\'cral fresh labourers for the new vine- yard. St. Augustine went to France, and received episcopal consecration from the Metropolitan of Aries, and then re* turned to the charge of his flock. The progress of conversion was very rapid, and St. Gregory mentions, in a letter to EulogiuA, the Patriarch of Alexandria, that on occasion of the Christmas festival .Augustine had baptised no fewer than lOiOOO persons in the waters of the Swale, in Kent. By means of the influence and liberality of Ethclbcrt, the Saint was able to establish two other episcopal Sees, one in London and the other in Rochester, and all seemed to promi-ie the speedy evan^lization of the entire island, though following events showed that it was not so scx)n to be accomplished. In one important respect the efforts of St. Augustine met with a complete failure. It was his earnest wish to bring the Welsh Bishops to conformity with the practices of the Roman Church in matters of discipline, and to induce them to co- operate with him in tlie conversion of the Engli.'ih. Un- happily, he was unable to persuade them, nor could they be induced to lay aside the feelings of resentment, with which they regarded their conquerors.

St. Augustine governed the English Church during nearly seven years, after which he was called to the reward of his apostolate. He was buried in the Abbey Church of St Peter and St. Paul, near Canterbury, which he had founded, as well as the Cathedral Church of Christ within the city walls.

234

MENOLOGY.

[MAT 27-

C«JJ. I, 1. 3, 4> i' ;• 4> "• IM> *• '• 14, 15, 17, i8, 2i, at, 37, 39, 41, +8.

5*. S6. S». 59. *J- 6J. 65. 6:. »■ 91 .

103.

jUdT/i. Rem.. A. C D. F, G, K, L, N. P. Q. R.

Lcff. Tinm., fol. 156b; Capgi., to\.

134; Nov. Leg., fol. ijb; Whltt

Su.; W. ituidi; Cbm. Hill. Stia, i.. c. 15 ; fl., c. a.

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH DAY.

At the Monastery of Si. Paul, at famyzv oh tfu Tyne, tJu passage to life immortal of that s^eat Father of the EnsUsh Church, St. Bede, Oimmonly called the Venerablt. — At Dur- ham, the passion of four Priests, tlu venerable servants cf

God, Edmu.vd Duke, Richard Hill, John Hoc, and Richard Holidav, who suffertd martyrdom in tlie cruel ptrstcutioK of Qneen EUsabetft.

St. Bed«,

Cosfessoc

kOd Monk,

A.D.

735-

St. Bed£ was born about the year 672, on the lands which soon after were bcstowwl by King Egfrid on the united Monasteries of Wearmouth and Jarrow. When but seven years old, he was entrusted by his parents to the care of Sl Benedict Biscop, the Abbot, and brought up in piety and purity, in the sacred precincts. He was soon attached to the house of Jarioiv.and when he h^d attained the age of nineteen, on the presentation of St Ceolfrid. was ordained Deacon by St John of Bever]e>', from whom also he received the priesthood eleven years later. From that time he was constantly employed in study and in teaching. He was ever reading or writing, teaching or praying ; and to him all these occupations were exercises of devotion, clidting frequent and abundant tears of com- punction and divine love. He would never accept the office of Superior, that he might not be withdrawn from these holy labours, so beneficial to his brethren and to the whole Church. Many were his writings, both on sacred and secular subjects ; and so highly were they esteemed, that even during his lifetime his homilies and commentaries on the Scriptures began to be read publicly in the churches, and so they have continued to be used to the present day, in common with the

MAY 27,]

MENOLOGY.

255

great Fathers and Doctors of the Church. His EtcUsiasficat Hislfity 0/ the Engltsk Nation Is a treasure which has no rival in the records of other countries. It was a special grace of his, not only to impart his vast knowledge to his disciples, but at the same time to train them in the ways of holiness and religious perfection.

For many years he persevered in these incessant toils, sighing onl)' for tlic rest of the heavenly country ; and when the happy time was drawing near, he was seized with great weakness and various bodily ailments, which continued to increase during the space of seven weeks. The story nf hts last days is related in a letter by his disciple Cuthbcrl. who wai present at the time. Without intermission the Saint continued his daily practices of devotion and study, and was especially engaged with an English translation of the Gaspel of St. John. On the Tuesday before Ascension day. his malady was notably increased, but he was sint;ularly cheerful, and urged his amanuensis to hasten his work, for that his Maker would soon take him hence. There was still a chapter unfinished, and his friends would have persuaded him to cease from his toil, but he continued to dictate, until all but one sentence was completed, when he asked that the brethren might be assembled, that he might give them (he few little objects he had the use of, such as handkerchiefs, spices, and incense. This he accomplished with singular love and tender- ness, asking only the Masses and prayers of the community ; and while all were bathed in tears, he alone was filled with joy. The copyist tlieii reminded him that still one verse of the Gospel was unwritten. " Write quickly." said the Saint ; and when the youth replied that all was done, he continued : "Thou hast well said it is finished. Hold my head, and turn me towards the place where I have been wont to pray." Thus placed on the floor of his cell, he sang " Gloria Patri et FUio ct Spiritui Sancto," and as he named the Holy Ghost, yielded up his own spirit, and went to adore the Holy Trinity for an endless eternity. A heavenly fragrance filled the cell, and those who were present imagined themselves to be in Paradise.

336

MENOLOGY.

[MAYaa

V. Edmund The Venerable EDMUND DuKE %vas bom in

V. Richard Kent, and began his studies at Rheims. but com-

Kill. pleted them at Rome, where he was made priest.

V. Richard The Other three venerable ser\'ants of God were

Pneit^Md al' natives of Yorkshire, and students of Rheims.

Martyrs, They were ordained at different periods, but sent

joftol at the same time on the Mission in March. 1590.

They landed on the north coast, and were imme-

diatcly arrested on suspicion at a village, where they stayed

to rest. The magistrate before whom they were brought

discovered them to be priests, and committed them to Durham

gaol. While there, they had a controversy with some of the

Protestant clergy of that cathedral city ; but as this attempt

to pervert them was unavailing, they were tried on tlie bare

charge of their priesthood, and found guilty of high treason.

They suffered with such meekness and constancy, that all the

beholders were filled with iidmiration, and greatly cdiRcd. It

was noticed, as a remarkable fact, that the well from which

water had been drawn for the purpose of boiling the quarters

of the Martyrs as was customary, presently dried up, and so

continued for many years afterwards.

St. Bed*. Marlyrft,

Cnh. UG anU 27) 2, 11, iju, b, c, ly Hiil. Douay

17, 96,54.61,65. Martt. Rom. (16), H. I. L. P. Q. H. Ltg. Tintn.. Tol. i6;A ; Capgr., UA,

ait; Nov. I.ce.. (ol. 34A; Wliitf.

Sai.; W. 1 and 1; CI1&I. Hill. Beds, v.: Cuthbetl's leiter. Simeon Ounetm., Iliai. Ecclec

Dunelm., ii., c. 14 *t uq.

Diarice : ClulloiWT't

MisB. Priests. voL i. Arcliiv. Wctim.. iv., p. 113: Cau-

togucs. Archiv. Westm., Chaaipavy, p. 881.

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

/if the Tower of London, the passion 0/ Oie Blessed Mar- garet Pi„\kt.\(:;enet, IVu/ojv, Murtjr, -.vlio su^trsd u/tdcr King Henry VII!. — At Tybum, the martyrdom of three holy Priests, t/t£ Blessed TiiOU.K?, FOKDE, tHi B/essed JOHti Shert, attdliu Blessed RoBtRT JOHNSON, tvfto died at t/ie same time iu dtfetue of t/u Catholic Faith, in tfu ptrsecHtioa of Quttn Elisabeth.

MAT2a]

MENOLOGT.

237

B. Mnrgarei This illustrious Martyr was the daughter of the w^^f^"^ Duke of Clarence, the brother of tlic Kings Edward A.D. IV. and Kichard HI., and consequently was '5<*" cousin of Edward V. and of Elizabeth of York, Queen of Henry VII. and mother of Henry VIII. In the reign of Henry VII. Margaret was married to Sir Richard Pol^ Knight, a distinguished member of the court, and by him was the mother of several children, among whom was Reginald Cardinal Pole, the last Archbishop of Canterbury. Margaret was distinguished at court for her cultivated mind, tand still more for her piety and virtues. Henry VIII. rc- [stored to her the Earldom of Salisbury, formerly vested in [her family, but forfeited by attainder. He also appointed her rgovemcss to his daughter Mary, the future Queen, whose 'eminent virtue and religion gave evidence of the care with which she had been trained. Moreover, Queen Catherine of Aragon, whose friendship was itself an attestation of no ordi- nary merit, ever professed the greatest esteem and affection for the Countess of Salisbury.

All this prosperity was changed, however, when the jwretchcd Kin^, blinded by his evil passions, fell away from the right path. His best and truest friends then became objects of suspicion, and those who would not join him in the schisnn were regarded as his worst enemies. Reginald Pole, who had firmly resisted all his seductive proposals, had been marked for especial hatred, and was obliged to take refuge abroad ; and his pious mother, .Margaret Plantagenet, whom nothing could shake in her fidelity to the communion of the Catholic Church, also fell into disgrace. As the son was beyond his reach, the King resolved to take the life of the mother. She was accused of treason, and the Bisliop of Ely and the Earl of Southampton were sent to examine her, and try to elicit some evidence against her. Her sincerity and honesty of purpose were, however, so manifest that it was clear .she mu-st be acquitted if brought to trial, and accordingly the King, at the instiga- \\Um of Cromwell, obtained an Act of Parliament for her attainder, together wiUi that of several others^ Her house was

23*

MENOLOGY.

[MATaa

searched, and it was found that she kept a correspondence with her son Reginald, which was itself said to be treasonable, and that she wore round her neck a picture or embroidered representation of the Five Adorable Wounds of Jesus Christ, which they said was the standard of the insurgents in the North, Margaret was detained in prison for two years, and at length brought to the block on the 38th May, 1541. She behaved with perfect constancy of mind, and with the out- ward dignity befitting her high lineage ; she refused to lay herself on the block, as her soul was free from the stain of treason, and the executioners were constrained to use a most barbarous violence, in carrj-ing out their sanguinar>' com- mands.

Cardinal Pole received the tidings with heroic firmness. Placing the letter which conveyed them in the hands of his secretary, he said " tliat he had ever thanked God for giving him so pious and virtuous a mother, but that it was an un- expected grace to be able to call himself the son of a Martyr". The picture of Margaret Plantagenet was painted on the walls of the ancient Church of the English College of Rome, to- gether with those of many other Martyrs, with the sanction of Pope Gregory XIII,

B. Thomaa TiiOMAS FORDE was a native of Devonshire, """a-d"'* ""'' became a Master of Arts and Fclkw of

>S82. Trinity College, Oxford. He quitted the Uni- versity on religious grounds, and went over to the newly- founded English College at Douay in IS7I> Having studied theology, received Holy Ordcns and the degree of Bachelor of Divinity, he returned to England to labour on tSac Mission. This he was able to do for some years, with great success in the conversion of many souls, before lie was appre- hended in the year 1581.

He was seized, together with Fr. Campion, at the house of Mr. Yate, in Berkshire, and accu!$ed of the pretended plot of Rome and Rhcims, neither of which places he had ever seen. Nevertheless, he was condemned on the evidence of two in- formers, and subsequently molested with many captious ques-

MAT 28.] MENOLOGY. 339

tions, with the view of eliciting some opinions, which might be considered treasonable. He bore atl with unshaken finn- ness as to his failh, and declaring himself a loyal subject of the Queen, In his last moments he called upon the Catholics present to pray with him, and as the cart was drawn away, exclaimed : " Jesu, Jcsu, Jesu, be Jesus to me".

B John The blessed Martyr, John Shert, was bom in

®*'^j*'' Cheshire, and educated at Brazenose College, in 15& Oxford. After taking the degree of Bachelor of Arts, he went to London and there became a noted school- master. Afterwards, from religious molivcs, he crossed over to Douay, and there and at Rome completed his ecclesiastical .studies. Having been ordained, Shert was sent on the' Mission in 1579, where he had some time to devote to his apostolic work, before he was arrested on the charge of the plot of Rome and Rheims and sent to the Tower. His examination and sufferings were like those of his fcllow- captives, and failed to elicit a shadow of proof against him. At the place of execution, when he saw Thomas Forde hang- ing on the gallows, he exclaimed ; " Happy art thou, blciscd soul, pray for me". He also thanked God for bringing him to so joyful and glorious a death. In these pious sentiments, and resolutely rejecting the insidious offers, which were made to spare his life, he gave up his soul to God.

a Robert The Blessed Robert Johnson was a native

J°'^"g-"-of Shrop-shire, and in his early youth had been isai servant in a gentleman's family. He quitted Ihia occupation and went over to Douay, where he was admitted into the English College When his studies were completed, he was made priest and sent into l^ngland in the year IS7C. When the pretended conspiracy of Rheims and Rome was hatched, Johnson was anested and sent to the Tower in i 5S0. He was repeatedly racked and treated in the same manner as hb fcllow-M arlyrs. His execution immediately followed that of Forde and Shert, and his behaviour was most pious and edifying. He professed faitliful allegiance to Elizabeth, and

240

MENOLOGT.

[MAT 20.

prayed that God would give her grace, that she might stay her hand from shedding innocent blood.

Milt. Sandeti on the Schitin (Eng- lish Veriion), p. 511.

Modern litiiuh )>1att., vo!. i., p. 1x4. Ungard't Hint, of England, vol. v. Bridgwatei's CgncetliliOi Jbl. 86fi,

Douay Diiriet; Ch^loner's Miu. PrieitB, vol. i.

Archiv. Weslmon., Iv.. p. 65 ; Cata- logues.

Archiv. WeeCmon., Chuinpnej-, p, 773.

THE TWENTY-NINTH DAY.

/« Wales, M^/^-^/m?/**/ St. Erbin.— v^r Rocca d'Arce, in tiukiNgti^m of Naples, tJte festwal of St. Eleutherius, C<m- ftssor ctHii Hertnif, iv/io, ac<or€lhig fo fhe andcnt tradition of ittai ptact, was a nalivtqf Great Britain. — At Pontc Corvo. in tins Pontifical Statis, the festival of Sr. GRIMOALD, Priest and Confessor, also said to have come front this eountr}: — At Tyburn, the passion of tlie Blessed KicUAKD Thirkill, Priest and Martyr, under Queen Elisabeth.

St Eleuthe- St. Ef.EUTHF.KIUS, hermit and confessor, was. ""^p""' according to the constant tradition, a native of Uaeert«in. Great Britain. A church is dedicated to him and grateful pilgrims acknowledge many cures obtained through his intercession, especially from the bite of mad dogs. There is also a village in the neighbourhood called San- Loticro, from his name. Thus the people of Arce possess the remains of two Saints, natives of our island, St Eleuthe- rius and St liernard.

Btionlno ipcaks of documcnls rclaling 10 St. EleutIieTlL» in tlic episcopal aichtvca ot Aquino. Fctiui c^mplaJna th&l be could not obuJn pcrniiaEioii to nee thtm ; nor could the Bollanditu. The formei vriter wan told by the people, Uutl he wa» Cngliiih, tind btothcr of St. FuLk and St. Giimoalil. witti wtom he hud mvcllcd \n pilgtimxge. This can hardly be reconciled with ibc IcfendoTSl. Fulk. and the Bdllandiatt think that niih rrt;aTd 10 thi» rrlalion- ihip Fcrraii hM fillcn into some confusion. The date of Si. HIcuiheiius is tinder the ume ancctuinty as that of St. Aidwyne and his carapanioRs.

St. Grimoald, The festival of St. Grimoald occurs In

^Q- the Roman Martyrology on the 29th September.

Uncertiin. He is said to have been an Englishman, but on

[MAY 29,

MENOLOGY.

241

«'idcncc which is by no means conclusive. He was Arch- priest of Ponte Corvo, an appendage of the Pontifical State, lying wilhin the Nca[)0]itan frontier. Grimoald received a message, by means of a pious man. from St. John the Baptist, to build a church in his honour, and to devote himself with renewed fervour to austerity of life and works of mercy. He faithfully obeyed the heavenly summons, and became a Saint and the worker of many mir.icles.

We hit>-e ihwl Ads of St. Orimoild, written by a Bishop cf Aquino, a.d. iiiSC. They do not dctciinincihc epoch at which he tn-ci],noi do ihcy lay any- thing of his paf«nla^ and companions. Fenari was told at Kocca d'Aiceor at Ai|niio, iha.t he waathebrothcrof St. EkuihcriuiiandSi.Fulk. undiltcicreUow- pilgiim. and cherefbcc from GttM Britain. His bcintf a feltow-pitgrim with 81. Fulk at Icut would teem to be an error ol I'enari'i or of his in form in I*, and *0 th« Bollandiata undcntand it ; but there is nothing to dispro^^ the iC8i of the

a Richard The Blessed RlcilARD TlllRKlLL was a native ^^AD' ' '*'" ^^^^ bishopric of Durham, and was already ad- 15*3. vanced in years, when he went to study for the priesthood at Douay and Khcims. He was ordained in 1579, and gave expression to acntimcnls of extraordinary devotion, in considering the greatness of the gift bestowed on him. For eight years of his life it was his daily prayer that he might lay down his life (or the Faith, and his petition wa.s granted after he bad laboured a few years in the Mission. He was appre- hended on suspicion, while going by night to visit a Catholic prisoner in one of the gaols of York. He boldly acknow- ledged his priestly character, and the object of his coming to England, and answered all questions put to him, except such as might compromise others. There was therefore no hesita- tion about his sentence, which he received with great joy, pro- icating that if he had a thousand Hves he would gladly lay them down in thcsamc cause: " This is the day," he exclaimed, " which the Lord hath made, let us exult and rejoice in it." In his prison he had found means of showing his zeal by workinR for the conversion of the felons v\ith whom he was confined, and before tlie bar he had an opportunity of cncour- ^ing and consoling other Catholics who were brought up on

16

24Z

MENOLOGY.

[MATSa

the charge of recusancy. The execution of the Martyr was carried out in the acciislomed manner, with all the barbarous circumstances required by the law of high treason.

St. Erbin. St Giinioald.

Co'. QI< Start. Rom. (19 Sept.).

St. Eleuihetiu*. lint. Boll,. Sth vol. of Sep.. p. 184.

Unrl. Rom. B. Rkhatd Thirkill.

Liff. W. I and 2 (j June) ; Fenariu*. Hut. Uouay Diaiici ; CliAllon«r'> HiM. Miil. Boll.. Sih voL of May. p. 61. Priesu, toI. i.

Dridgw-atci'E ComcellaLlo, fol. 1 16. Anrhiv. WcKlmon., Cliampivey. p^ 777.

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

Af Bawbui^, in Nor/oik, the dtposition of St. WaLSTAN, Confessor. — Al Tybum. the passion of four Blessed Missionary Priests, iv/to suffered martyrdom at the same time under Queen Elisabefh—tiamely, the Blessed WILLIAM VvL&\v.,th( Blessed Luke Kirbv, /"A* Blessed Lawrence Richardson, hw*^ /A* Blessed TiiOSL\S CottaM, of the Soei/ty of Jesus.— Also at Tybuni, in the reign of James I., the martyrdom of the zvne- rable servants of God, William Scot, Priest and Monk of the Order of St. Benedict, and Richakd Nkwport, Priest.

Sl Walatan, St. WaLSTAN was the son of wealthy parents, Si'n'' residing at Bawburg, otherwise called IJabcr, near loii Norwich. From them he received a pious educa- tion, and was so captivated with the maxims of Ctiristian per- fection that, at the age of twelve years, he renounced his in- hcritancc and engaged himself as servant at a farm at Cosscy in the same neighbourhood, and in that humble capacity persevered to his death. He made a vow of celibacy, but never joined a religious order, practising a life of dcTOtion and labour for the tove of God. Notwithstanding his jiovcrty he found means of assisting the poor, and, when other sources failed htm, he would give them his clothes or shoes. His bappy death took place when he was actually engaged in labour in the field ; and, his virtues being well known, his remains were bomc by the people to his native i>Iace. Both

MAY 30.]

MEXOLOGY.

243

kt Bawburg and Cosscy there arc holy wells, which bear his name ; and in the course of time a chapel was erected to liim in his parish church, and his name united to that of Our Blessed Lady as a principal patron. This shrine and the holy wells were formerly visited by many pilgrims, even from distant places, and especi^illy by hu.sbamlmen and agricultural labourers, who honoured the Saint as one of their own body.

Holy The Blessed WiLUAM FiLBlE was a native of

"aB'"' Oxford, and a member of the University ; but on

tsU. account of his religious convictions, left the country and went to the College at Rhcims, Soon after his ordination he was sent on the Mission, and was very shortly arrested, at the same time with Fr. Campion and others. He was committed to the Tower, and after some months tried and condemned for conspiracy, on the perjured evidence of men whom he had never seen in his life. As he showed more than ordinary cheerfulness and constancy on this occasion, he was ordered to be pinioned with iron manacles, which he bore from November till hLs happy death in May. His behaviour at his execution was in every respect most devout and edify- ing. Mercy was offered, if he would acknowledge himself guilty, which his conscience would not allow him to do. He desired all Catholics to pray for him, and with the words, " Lord, receive my soul " calmly submitted to his cruel s«n> tcnce.

Blessed Li:ke Kirbv was born in the north of Eng- land, and was a Master of Arts in one of the Universities. He went over to Douay, and was ordained priest and sent to England in the year 1 578, though he did not remain there long, but travelled to Rome that he might perfect his studies in the English College. On hi.'i return to England, Kirby was soon apprehended and committed to the Tower, and while there subjected to the horrible torture called the scavenger's daughter. He was tried at the same time with Fr. Campion, and for the same pretended treason against the Queen, but his execution was deferred till the following May, and took place immediately after that of Filbic. He was much molested.

244

MENOLOCY.

[MAT 30.

even in his last moments by I'rotcstant ministers and others i but nothing could shalce his constancy. The sheriff declared that he was authorised to spare his Ufc if he would promise to submit to the Queen and renounce the Pope. To this the Martyr answered that "To deny the Pope's authority was denyinj; a point of fatth, which he would not do for saving his life, being sure that this would be to damn his soul ". He asked the prayers of all Catholics, but was scarcely alloiived to conclude his own devotion before the execution took place.

Blessed LaWKENCE RICHARDSON, whose true name was Johnson, was a native of Lancashire, and a fellow of Brazen- nose College. He forsook his worldly prospects for con-J sciei^ce sake, went over to Douay, and received Holy Orders; and returning to England, served the Mission in his own country, where he was much esteemed for his extraordinary zeal and piety. The holy man was already in prison, when the pretended plot of Rome and Rheims was invented, and he was tried and condemned on this charge, together with several other priests. The wretches who gave evidence against him had never seen him in their life. His execution followed that of Luke KIrby, and the circumstances attending it were much the same. When offered pardon if he would] confess his guilt, his answer wan : " I cannot confess an un« truth or deny my faith". He asked tlie prayers of all Catholics, and fervently recited some short devotions. His last words were : " Lord Jesus, receive my soul ".

Blessed Thomas COTTAM. the last of this glorious band, was also a native of Lancashire and a graduate of Brazeimasc College. On leaving the University he went to London, and there became a schoolmaster for some time; but having embraced the Catholic religion, he went to the College at Douay. From thence he was sent to Rome, where he entered the noviciate of the Society of Jesus. His health, however, at that time was so bad tlut the Superiors felt unable to keep him, and he went to Rheims, to which place the College of Douay had been transferred. After his ordi- nation he tt-as most eager to begin his work in Ivngland, and reached Dover in June, 15S0, but was immediately

MAY 30.]

MENOLOGY.

245

arrested, notice of his coming having been given by a spy with whom he had travelled some time before. He had several opporiuniUes of escaping, but a conscientious scruple lest he should bring others into trouble by doing so^ prevented his availing himself of them. During the terrible scene of the execution of his companions, he exhibited the most remarkable cheerfulness and piety, and spoke words of charity and fcirgivcnncss to all. He was allowed to hang till he was dead, before the rest of the sentence was carried out.

V. waUm The Venerable William Scot was a gcntlc- ^^^;^JJj^ man by birth, and was brought up in the study of Newwwt, M.,the civil law at Trinity Hall in Cambridge. The i6x3. reading of Catholic books was the means of hi.s conversion, after which he went abroad and entered one of the Engli-sh Colleges in Spain, from whence he passed to the Spanish Benedictines, and was professed at the Abbey of Sahagun. Having received the priesthood, Kr. Maurus, as be was called in religion, went to London to serve on the Mission, but was apprehended within three days of his arrival. His imprisonment was followed by banishment, and the same thing is said to have been several times repeated, as he always contrived to make his way back. The last time, however, the persecutors resolved on his death, his chief adversary being George Abbot, now called Archbishop of Canterbury, before whom his first examination took plact The trial was held at the Old Bailey, before Chief-Justice Coke and several others, amongst whom was King, the Pro- testant Bishop of London, the same who, by the marvellous grace of God was himself brought to the Faith shortly before his death. A spirited controversy took place between the holy monk and this prelate ; but no proof of his being a priest could be adduced, as he neither confessed nor denied it, and there were no witnesses. By direction, however, of the Chief-Justice, a verdict of guilty was brought in. which the Martyr accepted with unaffected joy.

The Venerable RiCHAKD Newport, who on the Mission was known by the name of Smith, was bom in Northampton-

2^

MENOLOGY.

[MAT 90.

shire, and educateJ in the Colleges of Douay and Rome. On the Mission he gained the reputation of a laborious priest, and was very happy in bringing back strayed sheep to the fold of Christ, his success being much promoted by the apostolical life he was known to lead. Newport was one of the many priests banished in the year lCo6, and while abroad he seized the opportunity of making a pilgrimage to Rome ; but it was no long time before he returned to resume his labours. A second exile followed, and once more he made his way back On his third arrest, the persecutors resolved to silence him for ever ; and after seven months' imprison- ment, he was brought to trial. Rcing a man of great resolu- tion and fervour, he at once owned himself to be a priest, but denied a.11 treason, which he would in no way admit to attach to his sacred character. His condemnation followed as a matter of course, and the next day he was brought up with Fr. Scot to hear his sentence.

The holy joy of the Martyrs was obvious to all, *whilc they were in the Sessions house, and the night was spent by them in prison in thanksgiving for their happy lot. On the next day, which was Whitsun Eve, the two were placed on the hurdle and dragged to Tyburn. Fr. Scott had come down in his monastic habit, but was com- pelled to lay it aside. He submitted, and took occasion to make a short speech, in which he expressed his sincere loyalty to the King. This was before they left the precincts of the gaol, and when they reached the place of execution the sentence was carried out after the accustomed manner.

St. WftlMan. t^. Kov. Leg., fol. agjft ; Clial. Hit*. Chaltone(*s Misfl. Prleus, v»l. i,

Hitl. Butte rcfcrt to Ui <rid MS. Life.

B. Mwtjm. ConcenattOi fol. gt, Aichiv. Wcsurion., ii., p. 5; iv.. p.

Louisof Gtonadk, CatrcK.. ch»p^ h. lao.

Aichlv. WcDUnon., Chsmpney, pi 373. Ven. M>nyr». Hi*t. Challoner'a MIml Prieau, vol. Anhiv. Wntmon., xl, pp. iji, aja,

"• ^57. >7S.3'>'.34S.347-

Uaua)- Kuie*: Weldon'M N'otct.

MAY 31.]

MENOLOGY.

247

THE THIRTY-FIRST DAY.

At Edmundsbury, tJu commem<fratiffH of ST. BOTULPII, Bisltffp and Confessor. — At York, the passion of thi Venerabie

Robert Thorp, PrUst^ and t!u VemrabU Thomas Wat- KINSON, Layman, who sJad tluir blood for thi Faith in the reign of Elizabeth,

St. Botuipb. The sacred remains of St. Botulph were ^'^''^PiJ""' 'venerated in the Abbey Church of Bury St.

UoknowB. Edmunds. William of Malmesbury could obtain no account of him, except that he was a Bishop. It has been conjectured that he was in reality the illustrious Abbot St. Botulph ; but this is scarcely probable, as we are told how the relics of that Saint were divided by St. Ethelwold, Bishop of Winchester, and King Edgar centuries before the time of Malmesbury, and there is no record of their having ever been translated to Edmundsbury.

V. Rotwrt The Venerable Robert Tiiorp was a native of "^'TCm ■■^'^'■^^shire, and after receiving Holy Orders from W«kiii»on, the College at Rheims, returned to his own iLD. country to exercise his mtsMon in 1585. His 'SC*- labours were singularly blessed ; for, though not a learned man, nor of robust health, hrs piety and great devo- tion won many souls to God. It is said that he was naturally of a timorous disposition, yet he had the grace to suflTcr death with remarkable fortitude.

The Venerable THOMAS WaTKINSON was a yeomat» of Menthorpe, a good religious Catholic, who led a solita.ry life^ and devoted himself to assisting the missioners by every means in his power. It was at hb house that the pricst-huntcrs arrested both himself and Robert Thorp. On the eve of Palm Sunday, they had either seen the priest enter his dwelling, or had seen Watkinson's servants cutting palm branches from the trees, which intimated that a priest was there. This they reported to a magistrate, who sent his men so early on Sunday morning, that they seized

248 MENOLOGY. [MAY 31.

the two Martyrs before they had risen from their beds. They were tried and condemned at York — Thorp for high treason, as a priest ; Watkinson for felony, as the harbourer of priests. The latter was offered his life, if he would once go to Church, and on his steady refusal, the two blessed men were martyred together,

St. Botulpb. Martyrs.

Ltg. Chat. Hiit. Douay Diaries ; Challoner's

Hiit. MsJmesb. Pont, ii., % 74. MisB. PriestB, vol. i.

Lady Bapthorpe's Narrative (in F.

Morris' Troubles). Axchiv. Westmon., Champney, p. 883.

JUNE.

THE FIRST DAY.

At 'E.vethAmJ/u passion o/ St. \\1?,tav, Kinganei Martjrr. —At Tybum. t/u mariyniom of Uts BUssed JoHN Stokev. Doctor of th£ Canon ami CivU Law, -who suffered for the Cathoiic rtJighn, under Queen Elisabeth.

St Wiaun, St. Wi.stas, King and Martyr, was the son of ^fo "' Alflcda, descended from the aticicnti ro>'aI race of 830- Mcrcia, and WimuncI, son of Wiglaf, actually reign- ing under the suzerainty of the kings of Wcsacx. For with- standing the marriage, in contempt of the laws of the Church, of Bertfcrtli his godfather (son of Bcrtwulf, the successor of Wiglaf on the throne of Mcrcia) with his widowed mother Alflcda, the innocent youth was cruelly slain, and secretly buried by Bertferth, at a place in Leicestcnihire, since called, from the Martyr, Wjslanstow, now Wistow. Over this spot a pillar of heavenly light was seen for the space of thirty days. St. Wistan's body, thus revealed, was taken up and carried to the Abbey of Kepton in Derbyshire, the place of sepulture of his grandfather Wiglaf. where hia relics were held iti veneration until the eleventh century, when they were trans- lated to the Abbey of Evesham.

B. John The Rlcsscd Dr. John Storey was Principal

****a'd"" of Kroadgatc Hall, in Oxford, where he was made

1571- Vicar-Gcncral of Bonner, Bishop of London in

1553, He had also a scat in Parliament, and used every

means in his power to defend the ancient Faith. Having

ventured, in a speech, to repeat the words of Solomon, " Woe

2SO

MENOLOGY.

[JTtTNE 1.

to thee, O land, whose king is a child," he found that his life was in danger, and made his escape abroad. On the accession of Mar>-, Storey returned to England, and was made Chancel- lor of the diocese of London, some say of Oxford, and per- haps it was of both. His zeal for religion had made him a marked man, and he was arrested at the beginning of Eliza- beth's reign. He made his escape, however, and tool; refuge at Louvain wjtl\ his wife and children. A great part of his time was spent with the Carthusians in exercises of devotion and penance ; but he was much tonnented with scruples of conscience at having lost the opportunity of martyrdom by Ills own act, and would have returned and surrendered himself, had he been able to find a prudent theologian who would sanction such a stepL Poverty at length obliged him to accept a place under the Spanish Government, which was that of inspector of ships on behalf of the Customs. Storey fulfilled his new duties with so upright an cxactnes,s as to incur the malice of certain shipholdcrs, who conspired to inveigle him into a vessel bnijnd for England, where he was at once delivered up to the ofliccrs of the Queen. Thus waft the object he had at heart attained. At his trial he refused to acknowledge the jurisdiction of Elizabeth, on the ground that he had become a subject of Spain ; he also entirely rejected her supremacy, and refused to renounce that of the Pope. On the c^-c of his execution he was allowed to receive ihe spiritual mintstrations of Fcckcnham, the Abbot of West- minster, who was also a prisoner in the tower. The holy Martyr was draped to Tyburn, and executed after the usual manner, his head being set on London Bridge, and hia quarters cjn the gates of the city.

St. Wiitan. Cat. 6j.

Martt. L. ETcthtm. Ug. Tinm.. fbl. 170I1 C«per.. feL

»57ft;N(w. Leg.,fcl. J14*; Whiif.

Add: W. land 3; ChAt. tiiit. Evciihtm Chfon, (RoJlt), p. J15, Malmcsb. Pont., p. 397 (RalU) ; Plot.,

A.i>. Ssa

B. John Slorey. tlttt. BiidgviBter's Conceclatio. fol. SAndn's Schi*tn (Eng. tiuit. and

note), p. too. StQw-e; Modctn Brit. Mut., vol. i.,

p. 119.

JUNE a]

MENOLOGV.

251

THE SECOND DAY.

At Canterbury, tlu deposition of St. Odo. Confessor and Aixkbisfwp.

St Odo. St. Odo was Ihc offsprirg, it is said, of Danish

^A.D*" ' parents, but b(jm in England, where he found a 959- protector in Athclhclm, a pious nobkman of high ruilc, by whose care he was educated. In course of time Odo dedicated himself to the ecclesiastical state, and. after his ordination as priest, accompanied his patron on a pilgrimajje to Rome. Odo was already well known in the court of Edward the Eider, and acquired the entire confidence of liis sons and successors, Athelstan and Edmund, by the former of whom he was namc[l Bishop of Sherborne. He was present, by the King's desire, at the great battle of Brunan- burg,. standing apart and praying, like another Moses, for the victor)', whereby the Christian army, under .•\thelstan, totally vanquished and put to flight the hordes of pagan Northmen led by Aniaf. On the death of Archbishop Wulfclm, the acceptance of the Sec of Canterbury was pressed on Odo by King Edmund. Odo objected that he was already espoused to the Church of Sherborne, and that, whilst he was a cleric, all preceding occupants of St. Augustine's chair had tjecn monks. His objections were overruled ; but before entering on his new dignity the prelate gave a signal example of humility, and of respect C^'hich appears in other actions of his) for the ordinances of old-time, by suing for the Bene- dictine habit from St Abbo of Fleury, a monasterj- then famed throughout the West for its regularity. With St. Abbo be remained on terms of particular fnendship and affection ; and to him Odo sent his nephew St. Oswald, afterwards Archbishop of York, for instruction in the monastic life.

As Archbishop, St Odo was a pattern to his flock of all degrees. He was forward, as became his station, to rebuke the vices of kings; among the clergy he maintained disci- pline ; he was ui^cnt with the luity for the performance of their duties as Christian men. He combined with a certain

252

MENOLOGV-

[jtJNBa

natural austerity an unbounded charity, being ready, as he himself says, if he possessed everythinp; this world could offer,, to sacrifice all, and himself also, if thereby he could minister^ to the salvation of those committed to his pastoral care ; so that, whilst by the great he was feared, he was loved by the good. He warmly exhorte*! those who had weallh to repair and adorn the house of God, as a most necessary work, and he set an example in the restoration of his catliedral church of Canterbury, whicli he enriched, mnrcovcr, with many relics of the Saints. He died full of years, havinfi lived to see the accession of King Edgar and the dawn of a E^cat day for religion in England. The name he left behind him in the mouth of the common people — at Canterbury especially, where he was best known — Odo the Good, testifies to his merits before men ; whilst miracles during his life, and after his death, showed his fa%our with God. SL Lhjnstan, who had, received from him episcopal consccretion, had a special venera- tion for St Odo, and is reported never to have passed his tCMWb without kneeling thereat. His shrine was finally placet! j on the south side of the Crown, at the cast end of the present^ cathedral church.

ClJ(. IQ, ^1, 102,

Uarli. K. L.

iff. Tinm. . lo\. i;k>"; C*pgt. . fol- 30j{'i

Now. L<g.. lol. l4J(i; Whilf. Add.;

W. I : Chal.

Hilt. Malmcib. P«nL (KolU), p. lo. Lib in Boll, und Maliill.

THE THIRD DAY.

At Winchester, t/u ccwmntttorathn of flu episcopal consfertt' tion cf St. Thomas thr Martyr, hj Henry of lilois, '.vMom tfu Saint ntr rtgarded as a beltnvd father in rtsptet of Ms agt, hMitttss ofiife, and mature wixdoni. — At York, tht passion of Francis Ingleby, Priest, who died for tht Faith /« the Perseeution of EUzabtth.

V. Francis The Venerable Fr.\NCIS IngLEBY was the son

'°^'a&,""' of Sir WUIiam Inglcby, knight, and wa-s bom at

>S» Ripley, in Yorkshire. After studying juris-

JUNE 4.]

MENOLOGY.

353

prudence with cininent distinction in London, he went to the English College at Rhcims, and nn the completion of his course of theology was ordained priest, and sent on the English Mission in 1584. He laboured with great fruit in the north of England for two years, during the most danger- ous times, after which he was arrested, on the information of two chaplains of the rrotcstant Archbishop. From the windows of the palace they had seen him leave the city on foot, and in the dress of a jioor man ; but as ihc fricn<! who had accompanied him took leave of him with marlts of respect, they at once suspected him to be a priest, and sent to apprehend him. He was accordingly tried, condemned, and executed, merely on the charge of being a priest, ordained by authority derived from the See of Rome.

Con, of Si. Thomai. V. Francis Ingleby.

i/j'ir. OcivaM** Ctiioii. (TwyKi- C<>l-i ttht. Challonei'a Miiu. Pticits, vol. 13S3). i. : Douay DliricK.

Archiv. Wcvtrocin., iv., p, jj; thamp-

nc>'. P- 834-

THE FOURTH DAY.

At Plamcur, in Uritlarij', the festival 0/ St. Ki.nnoc, I'irgiM and Abbess. — At Bodmin, in CorfKvall, the deposition of St. Pktkoc, Confessor and Abbot. — At Padstow, in the same county, the eommemoratimi of three /loly disciples of St. Petroc, and his co-opcrnt&rs in the foundation of his monastery, St, CkoiDAN, St. Med.\n, and St. Dagax.

St NioDoc, St, NtNNOC was the youngest of the many j^Q children of Brccan, Prince of Brecknock, and the 4M c sister of many Saints. Her pious parents, though not without reluctance, consented to her choice of a solitary life, which she is supposed to have begun at an early age in Cornwall. Afterwards, however, she removed, with a. com- pany of priests and devout persons of both sexes, into Brittany, and settled on the coaat in the province of Cor- nouaillcs. Ninnoc was well received by the prince of the country, who allowed her to found a monastery, and after-

254

MENOLOGY.

[JUNE 4.

wards made provision for its maintenance. She is said to have lived in this spot during thirt)'-cight years in al! the rigorous practices of the religious life, growing in sanctity and accumulating merits, till she was admitted to joys of tfie heavenly paradise. The reputation of holiness which she left behind was not confined to Brittany, but spread into other lands : and wo find that she is invoked in Uic ancient English Litanies attributed to the acventh century.

St. Pctroc St. PetrOC was the son of one of the princes ^'^ A.d!"^" ^f Wales, and on the death of his father is said to gi^. have refused the succession to the crown, accept- ing only so much of his inheritance as was required for the foundation of a monastery. A number of devout men joined him ; but he soon went over to Ireland to study the holy Scriptures, and did not return to Britain, until after a pro- longed residence there. At length he .settled himself in Cornwall, at the place called by hts name. Petrocstow, and nou' Padstow, and there founded a monastery, which he governed in great sanctity for many years. His devotion next moved him to visit the holy places of Rome and Jerusalem, and he seems to have spent a long lime in this holy pilgrimage. On his return to Britain, St. Petroc founded a second monastic establishment at Bodmin, where a great church was built, and served originally by monks, nftertvard» by secular priests, and finally, from the time of Henry I., by Regular Canons of St Augustine. It was in this spot that St, Petroc remained tilt the close of his holy life, leaving a reputation of extraordinary .sanctity. In the year 1 177, the relics of SL Pctroc were furtivel)' carried away by a monk of the name of Martin, and conveyed to St. M^cn, in Brittany ; but on the complaint of the Prior Roger, King Henry II., by severe threats, obtained their restitution. It seems, however, that a small portion was kept at the Abbey of St, M(5en, where the festival of the Saint, under the name of St Pcrreux, b still observed with solemnity.

On the same day, the 4th of June, arc commemorated St. Croidan, St. Medan, and St. D.^can, three holy disciples

JTTNE 6.]

MENOLOGY.

255

of St. Petroc, and his zealous co-operators In the foundation of Padstow.

St. N'innoc Utirl, French Matt>-roIogiu. Hiil. 1.«hineiiu, SAinlc de Bretagne,

vol. i., p. 55.

St. Petroc. Calt. 2, It, ij. 17. 18. 50. 68. 75. 8j. Marti. S. Eitetei (ji Way), Leg, Tinm,. (ol. ijjA; Capgr., fol.

J:t$a, Nov. Lcji.. (b1. iG6d; Whilf.

Sot. (Si. Pxityke); W. 1 anJ 3 :

CliU. ma. Sogtt of Hevtdan (Rolli), vol

IL, p. 136. Lobheau, Sainu de Bieiagne^ L, p.

Lcland's Itinerary.

THE FIFTH DAY.

At Dockum ««</ at (he Abbey of Fulda, tfu dtpositi&n of St. Boniface, Bishcp and Martyr.

St Boniface. The great ST. BONIFACE, whose name was ^5ld*' originally WiNFKiD, has himself left on record 754- that he was born »nd bred in England, and in the kingdom of the West Saxons, and, according to constant tradition, the place of his birth wa-s Crcditon in Devonshire. Various conjectures have been made as to his parentage, but the only thing certainly known is that St Lioba, in one of her letters, claims him as her kinsman. The singular piety of Winfrid led him, while yet a child, to desire a complete retire- ment from the world in some religious house ; but the mis- taken tenderness of his fathcrwas an insurmountable obstacle, until, feeling that his own death was near at hand, he yielded to better counsels and sent liis son to be educated at a monas- tery in Exeter.

At a more mature age the young Saint, after much nyer, betook himself to the .Abbey of Nutshell, where fie made his profession under the holy Abbot Winbert Lead- ing a most austere and laborious life, he advanced rapidly in holiness and good learning, and was appointed by his supe- riors a preacher of the Word of God. But thb was not the

2S6

MEN'OLOGY.

[JUKBO.

only mark of the confidence ruposed in him ; and notwith- standing his humility, siich was his reputation that he was chosen by ihe King as delegate in a mission of great import- ance Co the Archbishop of Canterbury.

It was after this that the Saint began to feel a heavenly attraction for the work of the apostolic missions, which, when he could no longer resist it. he confided to his Abbot. The good man recognised it to be the inspiration of God, and, overcoming his natural reluctance, gave him his blessing and put him on his way. This first expedi- tion of Winfrid, to human ej-es, was without fruit. He arrived at Dorstadt, but found that the Frisians had risen against Charles Martcl. and that it was impossible to get a hearing for his divine message. He accordingly returned to Nutshell, and on the death of Winbert was chosen Abbot in his place.

But he knew that his work lay elsewhere, and soon resigned hi.t dignity, this time however resolving to begin by obtaining an express commission from the Chief Pastor of the whole flock of Christ. Carr>'ing with him letters of commendation from his own Hishop, Daniel, he went to Rome, and was most affectionately welcomed by St. Gregory II., who held various conferences with him, and committed to him the work of evangelizing the people of Germany. It would be too long to follow the course of his many journeys and successes. After some stay in Thuringia, he joined St. Willibrord at Utrecht, and laboured with him for about three years ; but when that great man wished to nominate him as his successor and retire from his charge, the humility of Winfrid could not suffer it, and on the ground that the Pope had aznX. him elsewhere, he went to preach to the Saxons and Hessians,

After a while he sent an envoy to Rome to report his pro- gress, and in answer ivas summoned to the holy city by the Pontiff*, who was still the same Gregory II. The result was that the Pope insisted on consecrating him Hishop, and sent him back with a general mission to the German race, without assign- ing to him any particular See. It was on this occasion that the name of Boniface was solemnly given him, though already he had begun to be so called occasionally ; and it was in

J1JNB6.]

MENOLOGY.

aj>

consequence of his successful execution of the Papal mandate, that he gained the glorious title of Apostle of Germanj', still attributed to him without dispute. St Boniface enjoyed great consideration from the Frankish princes of the time ; and used his influence in the service of religion. His npostolate pro- gressed rapidly; he founded churches and monasteries of both sexes, calling to his aid zealous men and women from his own country.

On the accession of St Gregory III. to die Chair of St. Peter, he sent a messenger with letters of due submission and fidelity to Uie Holy Sec, and in answer received the pallium of an archbishop. He had however many things to contend with and oppaiition from various quarters, and among others, a heresy, which it was attempted to spread among his flock ; but the vigilance of the holy pjistor was sufficient for all. Once more he visited Rome, where he received fresh tokens of favour, and a confirmation of his jurisdiction. His own See waa fixed at Maycnce, but on the death of St. Willibrord Utrecht also fell under his care, and he appears to have admi- nistered it — wilh the aid of St Eoban (his fellow-Martyr) and St. Gregory the Abbot — either simultaneously or in succession to one another.

The last stage of the life of Boniface had now begun. His blessed death was revealed to bim, and by him com- municated to St. Lull, whom he had consecrated as his successor at Maycnce, and he took his way to the land of the Frisiaiis, in whose welfare he had ever felt so great an interest. Aged as he was, he laboured for the conversion of those who still remained pagans, and brought back many of those who had relapsed. 1 1 was there, and at the place called Dockum on the river Boma, that his victory was conaummated by a holy martyrdom. He wa.s holding a conference on the subject of religion, when he and his attendants were treacher- ously attacked by a body of idolaters, and barbarously put to the sword. This glorious martyrdom at once became cele- brated throughout the Church, but his native England was perhaps the first to keep the annual festival It was not long after his death that Cuthbert the Archbishop of Canterbury

258

MENOLOGY.

[jtmBe.

held a synbti, in which it was resolved to observe the passion of St. Boniface and his companions as a public solemnity — an example soon followed in other countries. Of late years, at the request of the bishops assembled for Gilcunicnical Vatican Council, Pius IX. extended it to the whole Church, The relics of Sl Boniface, and some at least of his companions, were carried to I-'ulda, to the abbey founded by St Sturmius with his express sanction, and often visited by him.

The sharers in the martyrdom of the great Bishop are by some authors said to have been fifty-two, but by others scarcely so many. The names of a few only have been preserved. They are — Eoban, bishop ; Wintrung, Waller and Adclhcrc, priests ; Hamund, Scirebald and Bosa, deacons ; Waccar, Gundicar, Illehcre and Battheulf, monks,

It can hardly be doubted that some at least of these were fcllow-couTitr>'mcn of St. Boniface ; but not knowing which they were, and in the silence of ancient records, ive can only commemorate their names.

There «rc sevcial ancient Iivc5 of St. Boniface, and among them one l)>'hi» own dJKiplc, Willibald, who is moat ptobabi}- not the contcinpoTary bithop of Eichsudt of th« some ntme. Maiiftnuii Scotuit, who ilv«d »evctftl centuries liuci. would make Sl Boniface a Scot of Iiclund. whkh cuinct bs icconcikd with the SaintKown wordB and thoEcof Wandelbeit, who uyt he was " Anelin •diluc" — ofEnglish puvntage.

C(tl$. I, 3, 4, s. J. g, II, IS, 17. iS. 14, Lrg. Tmm., feU 17411 ; Capp., to). a6i 19, 46, 65, 6j, trj, 95, 366 ; Nov, L«|j,. fol. 39* ; \Vhitf.

Maits. Rom., C, K. D. 0, K, H. L. Sai.; W. 1 aiid 3; Chal. N. P, Q, R. LcMona of Uuechl Supji. Btwv.

HUl. Mabill., Act. Si. Dcncd., »cc. iii. (vol. Ii.,pt. ii.,p. I).

THE SIXTH DAY.

/n Devonshire ami at Ghent, tkt dff>ositwn ff St. Guu- \VALL, Bishop and Cottfiisor. — A I Guer, in Brittany, the holy fngmory of S-\. Gurval, Bishop and Confessor, a disdple of St. Brcitdan at Llancarvan.

St CudwaU, GUDWAU. was bom ia North Wales, and A-d! ' according to some accounts, was a bishop in his ^c- own country. But he longed for a solitary life

jTTNnB a]

MENOLOGY.

259

and retired to a little isle called Plecit, which was in reality a mere rock in the sea. He was followed however by a number of disciples, whom he could not refuse to receive, on whose behalf he worked many miracles, to suppl)' them with what was needful, such as fresh water to drink and the necessary space for their dwelling. In the course of time Gudwall removed with his community, first Into Cornwall and after- wards to Devonshire, where he built a monastery ; and it was here that it is supposed he was called to his heavenly rest on the Gth June. When England was afterwards exposed to the incursions of barbarians, the relics of the Saint were re- moved, to preserve them from profanation, and taken to the Continent. After many translations, they were at length laid up with honour at Ghent, and the festival observed on the 22nd February. Some writers consider that St. Gudwall is the same person as St. Gurwal, the successor of St. Malo as Bishop of Aleth, and consequently that he died in Brittany and not in the monastery in Devonshire.

St. Corral, St. Gurval was a native of Wales, and wcll- ''a.D known as a holy man to St. Malo, when they wxrc 6i0. fellow-disciples of St. Brendan at Llancarvan. When that great prelate finally retired from his See, to end his days in solitude in the diocese of Saintes, he is said to have ui^ed lits people lo bring St. Gurval from Great Britain to lake his place. Gurval knew by revelation what was in store for him, and humbly submitted to the will of God. lie was the instrument of great good to his flock, but after holding the See a short time, to the deep regret of all he retired to a monastery in his diocese called Guer. He was followed by a number of his priests, who desired to live under his guidance. He himself, however, took up hi^ abode in a cave, where at length he reposed in everlasting peace.

Tbc Pin 1c LargE, a levned wiicei o( Biitiiny, and Alban lluilec »e oatuCcd ihjil St. Gudwall and St, Gurval wcte one »nA ihe >>»mc pccMn i bul Ml doct not «|)pcai to be tbc opinion of fete Lobineiu, or his Ian edilOf the Abbi TiMvaus.

2&)

JY.

[JUKE 7.

THE SEVENTH DAY.

Ai Newminster, in Northttmberland, Hu dipositum of St. Robert, the first Abbot at fJiat Cistfrcia/t Motsasttry.

St. Robert, Robert, from his childhood, was conspicuous *''A."d'"'' for his love of retirement and prayer, and distaste "SS"- for all worldly amusements. He pursued his studies with diligence, and in due time was ordained priest and made rector of a parish in the diocese of York. He dis- chat^ed his pastoral duties with all diligence, but feeling that his vocation was to the religious state, he resigned his cure and entered cither the Ucncdictine Abbey of Whitby or of St Mary at York.

It wa-t about this time that Richard the Frtor of Sl Mary's and a number of the monk^, seeking for a life greater austerity than that prevailing among them, obtained from the Archbishop Thurstin the gift of the land on which the Abbey of Fountains was afterwards erected. There they settled themselves, rejoicing in the many hardships they had to endure, and exercising themselves in ways of the highest, perfection, Robert obtained permission to join this holy com- munity, and was noted as one of the most fervent among them, when they were admitted by Sl Bernard to the Cister- cian Order.

The fame of their virtues attracted visitors to this holy retreat, and one of them — Ranulf dc Mcrlay, lord of Mor- peth— was so edified with what he saw, that he resolved to cstabhsh them on his own estates, and chose a site near Morpeth as suitable for the purpose. A colony of the n:ionks of Fountains was asked for and obtained, and no more Btting man could be found than St Robert to be the first abbot of the house. Thus was founded the Abbey of Ne»vminster, and there the Satnt remained till the dayof hi^i happy death. He faithfully maintained his community in the spirit of the most rigorous observance and fidelity to their vocation ; and God so praspcrcd his work tlial he was able to found another house at Fiptnelle, in Narthamptonsbirc. Hta great delight was in

JTJNBa]

MENOLOGY.

261

prayer, in which his assiduity was greater than can be de- scribed, and in which he was often favoured with visions and extraordinary illuminations.

At length the day came when he was to enter into the fruition of those joys of which he had bad a foretaste in this life, and on the 7th of June in the year i»59 he peacefully gave up his soul to God. St. Godrick, the holy hermit of Finchalc, with whom St Robert was united in the closest bonds of a spiritual friendship, at the same time saw his soul ascend to heaven under the semblance of a globe of fire. The sanctity of St Robert was also publicly proved to the world by the many miracles granted through his Interces- sion,

Utarft.Roia., N.

Zitg. Trim., fol. 177* J Capgr.. fill.

ayotii Nov. Leg.,fol. a73rt; Whk(.

Add. : W. I iind 3 : Ctifll.

nitt. John of Hexham (Twyad. Col.,

llanrlquci, Ann. CUlert., a.D, 1131-

3741)- Henri(]u«i, Menol. Ciatcfc. (7 June).

THE EIGHTH DAY.

fAl York, //« dcpositim <»/ St. Williaw,-4«//^«//^ and Conffssor. — At Canterbury, tht translation 0/ St. ElpIIEC^ A rdihishop and Martyr, St, William, This eminent Saint was a man of high position ^A.d!'^" '" ^'^ world, being the son of the Earl Herbert, 1154^ by Emma, the sister of King Stephen. William's pious disposition led him to choose the clerical state, and in the course of time he was made treasurer of the Church of York. In this position the holincs.': of his life won the ad- miration of all, and his fidelity in the administration of his office gained the confidence of all the Chapter, with the ex- ception of the Archdeacon and one or two others, whose jealouq' blinded their better judgment William was canoni- cally elected .'\rchbishop in succession to Thurstin, and was consecrated by Henry of Blois, his uncle, who was Papal Legate and Bishop of Winchester ; but his rivals succeeded in impeding his confirmation, and the cause was left undeter-

262

MENOLOGY.

[JUNE a

mined during the whole pontificate of Cclestiiie II. and Lucius II.

When the Blessed Eugeniiis 111. was elected I*ope, Wil- liam hastened to him to sue for his pallium and confirma- tion ; but in the meantime, the great St. Bernard had been persuaded to take an unfavourable view of his case, and the Pope, tt-ho alft-ays deferred to his judgment, absolutely refused the petition, and in the plenitude of his apostolic authority appointed Henry Mordac, a holy man and a Cistercian monk, Archbishop of York. Soon after this, St. William withdrew to his uncle, the Bi.shop of Winchester, and chose to live in perfect retirement in a house belonging to him, greatly re- joicing to find himself relieved of the heavy burden, which he had never sought, but had been content to support in submi.ssion to the Will of God.. In this manner the next seven years passed away, after which the Archbishop Henry died, and the Canons of York again elected William sis Metropolitan. The Saint once more felt that it was his duty to submit, and immediately went to Rome to renew his .solidta- tion for the sacred pallium. The Pope was then Ana.stasius IV,, to whom the merits of William were well known, and who with great joy confirmed the election of the Chapter, and invested him with the Metropolitan dignity.

The Saint then returned to England to take pos-scssion of his See, and though while on the way he met with renewed opposition from his ancient adversaries, he bore all with the greatest sweetness and charity, and on his arrival at York was-rccei^-ed with the most cordial enthusiasm by all his flock. It was on the occasion of his entrance into the city that the Ousc liridgc was so crowded with spectators that it gave way, and a multitude of men, women, and children were precipitated into the river. The holy prelate, afflicted to behold such a disaster, raised his hands and his heart in earnest prayer to God. and, by an obvious miracle, all reached the bank in safety, and not a single life was lost.

It was very shortly after this occurrence that he was seized with a violent fever, which he foresaw would bring him to the grave. Accordingly, he took an affectionate farewell

JUNE O,]

MENOLOGY.

963

of his friends, and with perfect tranquillity, and in saintlike dispositions, prepared iiimsclf for death, whicli overtook hitn on the cightli day of his sickness. He was buried in the Cathedral, and from his sacred remains there distilled a health-giving oil, which was the instrument of many miracles. The solemn translation of the relics of St. William did not take place until the yc:ar 1233, and is commemorated on the

tfa January. Cit 1

St. William. Citls. 3, 5. 1311, b, 17, S4. Umtt. Rom., Q. Ltg. Tinm., UA, 17961 Capgr., lol.

3ss«: Nov. Leg.,fol. 310b: Whilf.

Sar. ; W. i and i ; Chat. Hut. John of Hexham (Tw^nd. Col..

373-i);Stul)ii(Twyiid, Col,, :7ii);

BrODiton (Twytd. Col., loiS).

Ttani. 5(. Elpticge. Cais. lo. 36, 41. 48, ta). Mart. K.

THE NINTH DAY.

Al Aiidiia, in the kingdom of Naples, the deposition 0/ St. Richard. Confessor. Bishop of that city, and primipal Patron of the diocese.

St. Richaid. St. Richard, in all thc documents and tradi- Bp., Conf, jjgj^j. ^vhjj;!, relate to him, is called an English- man, but thc ciKich at which he lived is very uncertain, and thc events recorded in his Acts very questionable. It is, however, clear that during a period of civil troubles the relics of the Saint were concealed for their greater security, and the place forsoiten for a number of years, until, in thc year 1434, they were discovered in a remarkable manner, with various attestations of the honours which had hccn paid to him as at Saint. An authentic narrative of this event, still preser\'e<!. was written by Francis del Baizo, Duke of Andria, who was an eye^vitncss of what took place, and of several miraculous circumstances which occurred. The case was submitted to Pope Eugcnius !V., who recogni.'iGd that there was suHicienC proof of thc sanctity of Richard, and that the ancient worship niighl lawfully be resumed. This Invention took place on

>LOGY.

TJUNH 10.

the 23rd April ; but the proper Ma&s of the Saint, found in his coffin, indicated the ()lh June as his principal feast.

The Bo11;incli§i« aie iliKpOKd to place the daicof St. Richard in Ihe twdftn ceniufy. Theie is no giroor that tl>erc ever wwt a Buhopof And rln till the time of Pope G«laMUH 1L> a.v. iii<^. In i 179. thcic if a record that Richard, Bishop of Andtia. effected the solemn translation of certain relict to hii Cathedral Church, and it in he whom ttic Bollsndiits take to tw Juint Richard, pUutibly conjecturing that he was made Bi&hop by hli fellow -counctymiin, Adrian IV. The local ttadilion, tou-cvcT. is very Etiong in favour of a much lailict period, fflaintainin^ thut St. RichArd lived in the sge of GclatiuiL 1,, at the end of the fifth cenluiy. and that he wat one of three Bishops delegated by that Pontiff to 1 conKCTste the ^nduarj-ofSt. Michael on Mount Gargano, after ihe cclcbialcd Apparition. If thia be true. Ihe piesumptlon would be that St. Richaidwaaof the ancient Btil<«h race, and not an Englishman ; nor would gucIi a mistake in ■ dintant country be a mallei foi auipiise. Vet, on the other hand, the name Richard it Tintonic and not tVrJiA, and it is (lostible that the Saint tnay htva belonged 10 one of thoee families who, v we know, were settled on the coaM* lon^ before the in>-a»ioii, and living In peace with the natives, may have em- braced the Christiafi Faith.

Marl. Rom.

Lfg. W. t and a ; Chal. [6 June and It Aug.).

Hill. Boll«nd..vol.Kxi.(indofJaM}.

p. a45. Vita dl S. Riccudo. pel P. A. M. Dl

Joeio, Napio, 1830.

THE TENTH DAY.

Tkt festival of %l. MakgarET, Widow, Queen of ScoUatid Princtss of Ihe rvj/ai line cf England, whose depoiilian is on The 16th of Nn'embcr, this btittg thi day assigned by Pope Innocent XII. for its eotHtnemoration throughout tht Church. — At Kochcster, tht deposition of St. Ithamar. Bislu^ and Con- fessor.

St. itluunu, On the death of St Haulinus at Rochester » A.D ' 'thamak was chosen to be his successor in that 671. See, and received conaecration from St. Honorius, the Archbishop. St. Ithamar was a native of Kt:nt, and for virtue and learning dcscr\'ed to be compared with his Roman predecessors. It fell to his lot, on die death of llonorius, to consecrate Frithona, better known as St Deusdedit, who was also an Englishman, to be the new Metropolitan. The veneration in which St Ithamar was held is attested by

JUNE u, la]

MENOLOGY.

265

several churches' dedication in his honour. I-Ic was succeeded at Rochester by Damian,

Citl. 104. Uarh. U. Q.

L4g, Tinm., fol. 31711; Cipgr., (o\.

ij7i J Nov. Leg.. W. 19811 ; W. i

uid > ; Owl. Hist. Bedi, lit., c 14, ao.

THE ELEVENTH DAY.

At Bericn, i» the diocese of Quimper, in Brittany, the pious 'memory of 'Si. Herebald, Ccnfessor and Hermit.

St Heicbaid, Herebald, or Herbaud, was a native of 8th Ccrturr *^'^* Britain, and, as it seems from his name, of No D*f. an English family. He was granted to the earnest prayers of his parents, who had been long married, without the blessing of children. From his earliest days the child showed signs of extraordinary piety, love of prayer, and solitude, together with a spirit of mortification, and when he attained a more mature age forscolc his father's house and all he had, to lead the life of a hermit in Brittany, After various difficulties and persecutions, he at length established himself in the parish of licricn, where his sanctity and miracles won the admiration of all men. In this spot he gave up his soul to God, and was buried in the church, which now bears hu name.

Hilt Lobintau, S^nti ilc Brctagno, Boll. (6th vol. of June], p. «n. iL, p. 219,

THE TWELFTH DAY.

At Evesham, in Worasttr^in, the transtalion of St. OdulPH, Confessor and Priest.

St- Odaiph, St. Odulph, whose parents were French, A.*D**'' ^*'^^ tio''" ''* Orschot in Brabant He was from a

S4ac-(ob.;. tender age remarkable for his great piety and austerity of life, as well as a love of study. While still residing in his native place he was promoted to the priest-

366

MENOLOGY.

[JUNE 11. 12.

hood, but the desire of greater perfection determined him to profess the religious life ; and In carry his purpose into effect, he removed to Utrecht. After living for some time as monk, with great cdliication, he was persuaded by St Frederick, wlio was then Bishop of Utrecht, to undertake a mission to the Frisons, whose instability in the Faith was a cause of great anxiety. St Odulph laboured amongst them for several years with great success, and afterwards returned to Utrecht, where, at a good old age. he slept in the Lord, and was buried in the Oratory of St. Victor. The cause of the special devo- tion to St. Odulph at Evesham is related in the chronicle of lliat Abbey. It is there stated, that in the time of King Canute, certain bold adventurers carried away the relics of the Saint from Staveren, in Friesland, and brought them to London. /Etfward. the Bishop of London, redeemed the sacred treasure at a high price, and as he held the Abbacy of Evesham at the same time with his See, resolved to bestow the precious gift on that monaster>-. The translation wa accomplished with great solciTinity and a numerous attend-^ ancc in the year 1034, and from that lime the festival was kept annually on the 12th June. Notwithstanding this narrative, as the devotion towards St. Odulph suffered np-: diminution in Holland, cspeciaily at Utrecht and Stavcren,T il may seem probable that a portion only of his relics was carried away in the manner described, and as these are said to have been taken from Staveren. a division of his sacred body may have been made already, part being taken from Utrecht to the scene of his apostolic labours in Friesland. In the existing legend, read in the diocese of Utrecht, no mention is made of any translation.

St. Odulph was distinguished by many miracles both in Holland and al Evesham. One of the most remarkable, occurring at the latter place, happened to Queen Kditli in the reign ofSt. Edward the Confessor. This princess, to satisfy her private devotion, had obtained an order to collect what- ever relics she pleased from different churches. When she arrived at Evesham, the shrine of St. Odulph was opened that she might make her choice ; but to show the Saint's dis-

JUNE la]

MENOLOGY.

267

pleasure and unwillingness to leave his chosen rest, she was at once deprived of sight, which was only restored on her repentance and solemn engagement to abstain from such attempts for the future.

Cah. 50. 63, 68.

Jtarti. H. L. Q. R.

L*f. Tinin., fol. iSbb; C>-pp» f^i-

3070 ; Nov. Litg., fol. 144^ : Whitf.

Sat.; Chal. (iSJunvJi Sup^'I. to

Uutchi Brev.

Hitt. Chtonicle of £vesbam (Rollt), ^3^J.

^/« S>iii^im,the coiHvttmoralion of lh( passion o/Sl. EsKILL, Biskep and Mariyr.

THE THIRTEENTH DAY.

St. EslciU. ESKILX. was one of the company who sailed

X.D. ' '""^'H tliC"" native England in attendance on St

left c, or Sigfrid to his mission in the north of Euroiie. iQSOi or 104s No D*y. He is called tlie chaplain of that great prcUle,

and aQcr sharing his apostolic labours, was consecrated Bishop of Northanscog. the title he bears in his Acts being that of Bishop of Strcnpnesia. His mission was most successful among his new flock, and great numbers were converted and received baptism. But unhappily a conspiracy broke out against the king of the country, and these neophytes wore induced to join in the rebellion, and ended by apostatising from the Faith. The realous pastor called the people together, •od siffectionately represented to them the enormitj' of their guilt Hut their hearts were hardened, and the Saint, raising his hands to heaven, prayed to God, if it were His pleasure, to grant some sig^ to convince them of thcfr error, Immedi- ately the rain fell in torrents, drenching the people all around, while Eskill himself remained dry and untouched by it Yet such was tlieir blindness that this obvious miracle was attributed to mai^ic. and not to the hand of God ; and one wretched man dared to cast a stone at tlic holy man, and grievously wounded him. Eskill was then draped before the usurper whom the;/ had made their prince, and by him

26$ MENOLOGY. [JUNE 14.

condemned to death. He was buried, in obedience to a divine intimation, at a place which was caJled after him, Hikistuma or Skilstuma. and became famous for the miracles wrought by his intercession.

Sc. Eskill t> Mid lo htvt luffertd U the *ea*oa of Out Lord's PasHon. tnd ■Tttu* ffiUn* that tbe 4ty wm Good Friday, and if il wax on (be loth AprU. u tome calcndaia hav« it, !t cannot have been before tbc ytax 1069. Bnt the nuutyrdom it utually placed in 1036 or 1045: %o thai the pnciae day cannot be determined.

£^.V/.ttai*i Cltal. (10 April); Hist. Boll, (iitli vd.of jDne).p. 59S. Leaaons oTAiKieRl Brcv. 1 Modern Suppl. fb( Poland and Sweden.

THE FOURTEENTH D.-VY.

/n tJu Is!c of Bardscy, on thi coast of C(tmar<vMshire, the hoiy memory of St. F.l<;ak, Confessornnd Htrmit.

Elg«r, Elgar was bom in Devotishire, apparently

"^(^^j?"*- -about the middle of the eleventh century. In his Ko D»y. childhood he was carried off to Ireland by one of the bands of Danish pirates infesting the northern shores of that country, and reduced lo slavery. He passed at Iet)gth into the hands of King Roderick O'Connor, by whom he was made public executioner. From such a state of life, which seemed to hira worse than death, he eventually freed himself, by what means does not appear, and quitted the countiy, after first submitting to the imposition of a due penance. Being shipwrecked on the return journey on Bardsey Island, off the coast of Carnarvonshire, an ancient home of the Saints of Wales, whereby it had gained the name of the Rome of Britain, he was so charmed with the place and its associations that he resolved to spend the rest of hia life here in the service of God. For seven years he lived with some ceno- bites, retiring now and then to solitude apart in the exercise of the greatest austerities. After, as it would seem, the slaughter or flight of his companion.^ at the time of the Norman invasions, about the year 1090, he remained in Bardscy for the last seven years of his life quite alone, trust-

JDKE 15.]

MENOLOGY.

i6g

tng in simple faith th.it his wants would be supplied by God through the ministiy of His creatures, and in the friendship of the Saints, former inhabitants of tltc island, who had already entered into the glory of heaven, During this period he was visited by St Caradoc. who tried to induce him to go to the mainland and live with him ; but the holy hermit kept to his Island solitude to the end. Close by his oratory be dug his grave ; feeling the approach of death he lay down in it, and here his body was found still warm by some ^i^hc^men who happened to land at the time. Some of his relics were taken in the year 1 120, to LlandafT, in South Wales, in which church he seems to have been honoured as a Saint

t.tg. Cha].(9ju]y>. flUi. Rook of Llandaff.

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

/« Wales, tAe festrml of St. Drii.lo, to whom xevtrai cAurc/tes arc deifuaiid. — At Winchester, the depoiitwn of ST. EuBtJRGA, Virgin and Abbess. — A/so Ou pious nuvtoty of the hofy Vitgins, ELFLEDA anti EthelhilDA, the Italf-sisters of St. Edburga. — At York, the murtyrdom of t/u Venerable Peter Snow, i^rUst, and Kali-h Gkimston, wh« suffered

in the ho/y cause of rtligton.

SL Edburga, Edburga was the daughter of King Edward ^^ the Elder, by Edgiva, his third wife. In her 9''*' early ehildhood she was considered to have given a striking ))roof of a rcligiou.^ vocation. She was only three yearii of age, when her father one day calling; her to him, set before her on one side various bright jctveU, bracelets, and like ornaments, and on the other side the book of the holy Gospels and a chalice, and oiTereU her the choice of whichever she pleased to take. To the admiration of all present, the blessed infant turned her back on the worldly gear, and with signs of devotion showed her reverence for the sacred objects before her. On this, her pious father said to her — " Go, my child, whither God calls thee, and follow the blessed steps of the Spouse thou hast chosen, &nd truly blessed shall my wife

MENOLOGT.

[JTTNB 16.

4

and myseir be, if we arc surpassed in hoHnfss by our daughter". Like all the children of this great prince, Edburga was carefully educated in all the learning and accomplishments of the afje- The monastery chosen for her was that of Winchester, founded by St. Ethelwida, King Alfred's widow. Edburga soon gained the hearts of her sisters m religion by her sweet disposition, her great charity, and Bing^uiar hiimilit>'. She would rise in the night and silently take the sandals of the nuns from their bedside, cleanse and anoint them, and replace them while they still slept Her sanctity increased with her years, and was illus- trated by many miracles, both before and after her blessed passayc from this world. Her virginal body was laid in the earth at her own monastery, but a portion of the relics was afterwards translated to Pershore.

Eiflcds. v.; The pious Virgins Elfleda and Ethelhilda

Etbd|illd«. ^^^^ daughters of King Edward the Elder, and

A.D. half-sisters of St. Kdburga of Winchester, their

"'^ mother being Elfleda. the King's second wife.

They both consecrated their virginity by a vow taken in their

early years, though Ethelhilda remained in the secular state.

while hcT sister took refuge in a. monastery, which was pro*

bably the same as that in which her sBter Edburga was

Abbess. At all events, we are told that they were both

buried at Winchester, near the remains of their mother.

V. Ptter Snow, H. 1 V. Ralph Gfinttton.

M., Uvtrre,

A. 6.

Some accounts state that the Venerable PETER Snow was bom near Ripon, but others that he was of the diocese of Chester. He completed his -itudies at the College of Rheims, and was ordained and sent on the Mission in 1591. lie was able to continue his labours till 159S, in which year, as he was travelling towards York in company with the Wncrable Ralph Grimston, a gentleman of Nidd. in that county, both he and his companion were seized, and brought to the bar. The priest was condemned for high treason, on account of bJs sacred functions, and Mr. Grimston for felony, in aiding and

JUNE 10. 17.]

MENOLOGY.

ayi

abetting him. They suffered same time and pliicx.

St. Drtlle. Cat. 9t.

St. Cdbursi. Co/i. > ij. 39, 30. 5J. 6j, 65. 83. iforii. il, L, K.P, Q.R. Ltg. WUlt Sat. : W. ■ tnd 3. //iif; Molmeib. Rq;., il., f 117 ; Pont., ii.. I 78.

a glorious martyrdom at the

tlAtdi ind ElMhildB. Ug. Ch»]. (17 Dec.). HiU. Ualmnb. Rtf., u., J 5,

Hii/. Douaj- Dituics ; ChallOnct't

Hii*. Priest*, vol. 1. Atchiv. Wcstm., iv.. p. ]}0i Chamfh

ncy. p. 960.

THE SIXTEENTH DAY.

/« South Wales, t/ie festival of ST. ISMAEL, Bistuip and Confttsor.

St. Iimad, Thi.s Saint is said to have been a disciple of

^A.d!^' ^^ Theliau, and to have been consecrated Bishop

by him. The name of ST. ISHAEL is found on

this day in an ancient Calendar, find a parish still bears his

designation.

CoJ. SI. l-t- Chil. {17 Marcb).

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY.

' the Abbey of Ikanhoc, tht tttposUion of St. Botulph A^dt and Conftssor.-^Also the eommtimratien of fits brothtr, St. Ai>UU'H, Bishop and Confessor.^Ai Hartland, in Deivm- ihire, t/u commemoratioH of St. Nectan, Martyr, patron of tht church of that place. — At St. Uriavcis, in the Forest of Dean, iu Gloucejtershire, titc holy tHtmory of St. Briavel, Htrtnit and Confessor, from tohom the place is named, but of whose Acts ufe Itave no record.

St. Betuiph, The holy brothers BOTULfH and Adulph

Sl Add^' belonged to a noble house in some pari of Eng-

Bp.. Conf., land, and went abroad to Saxony, or more pro-

■j^^ bably to Gaul, for the purpose of study and

improvement. They attached themselves to a

monastery, and assumed the clerical habit, and in a short

272

MENOLOGY.

ITT

time made great progress in virtue and knowledge; On the ui^cnt petition of the people, and by the express desire of the King, Adulph was promoted to the episcopal dignity ; but Botulph took the resolution of returning to his own countTy, there to labour in the service of God. At the monasteryj where he resided there were two sisters of Kdclmund, called'^ King of the South Angles, who had made profession of the religious life. They furnished Botulph with letters of recom- mendation to tlieir brother, as well as to their mother, at thati time regent for her youthful son, in which they entreated < them to provide the Saint with a place for the foundation of an abbey. He was most graciously received by those princeSj as well as by Ethelhcre. King of the East Angles, and his' son, who chanced to be there at the time. Free permission was given him to choose any unoccupied land which might stiit him beat ; and after mature deliberation, he selected Ilcanhoe, generally supposed to be near Boston, iti Lincoln- shire

There he laid the foundations of his monastery in the year 654, notwithstanding the molestation he had to suffer from the evil spirits, by whom the place u-as infested. In a short time he collected a community, whom he trained according to the rule of St. Benedict. Soon Botulph became greatly venerated for his sanctity and miracles, and for the good example given by his disciples. Among other visitors was St. Ceolfrid, who would gladly have remained, had he not been called by St Ben net Uiscop to take part in his work at Wearmouth- His patience was admirable, csp<xially during the long sickness, with which he was visited before he joyfully gave up his soul to God in a good old age. It does not appear when St. Adulph returned to England, but he was buried beside his saintly brother in llie Church of Ikanlvoc. In the time of the Danes, thi.i holy retreat, like so many others, was utterly laid waste ; but in the reign of King Edgar, when, by the zeal of St. Ethclwold of Winchester, various religious hguscs were restored, and the sacred remains of the Saints sought out and honourably replaced, the relks of St Botulph, at the King's request, were divided into three

JtJNB 17.] MENOLOGY. 273

portions, the head being sent to Ely, and the body parted between the Abbey of Thomey and the King's own Oratory. The latter portion was afterwards placed in the Church of St. Peter at Westminster by St Edward the Confessor. It is related that at the time of the translation it was found impos- sible to separate the bones of St Botulph and St Adulph, which was taken to indicate the holy affection subsisting between the two brothers. A certain proof of the great veneration in which St. Botulph was held by our ancestors is the number of churches in different parts of the country dedi- cated in his honour.

Adulph is called Episcopus Trajectensis, but no such name occurs in the liBts of Utrecht or Maestricht. It has been suggested that he may have been auxiliary to the Bishop of one of these Sees, or have been administrator to the diocese during some short interval. Edilmund is said to be the same as Eahlmund or Alemund, of the house of Wessex, then King of Kent, but aJter- waids of Wesseji.

St Nectwi, Nectan appears to have been one of the ^J^' numerous children of Brechan, Prince of Breck-

Uncertaui. nock. Like nearly all of his family he became a Saint, and is said to have suffered martyrdom, but on what occasion is not related. He was buried at Hartland, the church of which place was served originally by secular canons; but in the reign of Henry H. was converted into a Monastery of Augustinians.

SS. Botulph and Adulph. St. Nectan.

Call. 3, 3, 4, 5, 7, 13a, 6, c, 15, 24, a6, Cat. Exetet.

37, 41, 54, 56, 58, 59, 6a, 63, 67, MarU. M. Q.

80. Leg. W. 2 (14 Feb.); Chal. (21 Jan.).

Mara. (Botulph) H, K, L, 1, N, M, P, Hitl. William of Worcester, for Day

Q, E. of Martyrdom.

Uarlj. (Adulph) M, Q, R. Oliver's Monast, Exon., p. 204.

i^. Tinni.,fol. r87ft; Capgr.,fol. 390 Leland's Collect., iv.,p. 153.

(bamt)i Nov. L^., foL 42a: Whitf. SL Briavel.

Sar. ; W. i and a ; Chal. l*g. Chal. (7 August), Hitl. Bromton (Twyad. Col., 868);

Wallingfbrd (Gale, ii, p. 53);

Mabilt., Acta SS. Bcned., saec. iii.,

p. I (neaily contemporary life).

18

*;4

SNOLOGY.

[JTTNB 18.

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY.

At Tyburn, thi gtortous martyrdom of the Blessed HUM> PllRn' MlDDl.EMORE, /Af Biessed W \IAAAM EXMEW, and the UUiSid SEBA.STIAN Nkwdiuate, all Priests of tkt Cariku- sian Qrder, w/w suffered in di/tnce of the Papal SHpremtKy^ under Henry VIIT.

B, Humphrey The Blessed HUMfllREY MiDDLIiMORE wasa Middkmorc, gentleman by birth, who had entered the Chartcr- B, William or house, with the desire of following the ways of Exme*^r^. -. Christian perfection in that holy retreat- He held N ^'^"^If^ ^'■*'''^"^ offices of trust in the community, and was M., ' greatly esteemed by his superiors and brethren. ^'J' When the oath of supremacy was tendered, he re- solutely rcfuived to take it, and was in consequence committed to prison.

The Blessed WiLU.\M EXMEW was one of the first mem- bers of Christ College, Cambridge, then just founded by Margaret, Countess of Richmond, the grandmother of Henry VHI. At the University he was held in respect for his piety, his amiable disposition, and his knowledge of the learned lan- guages. He was but twenty-five years old when he resolved to quit the world and seek a better way among the Carthu- sians. In the Charter-house of London he took his vows, and gave great edification by his good example, so that he was in the end made procurator of the community. His character and ability gave him much influence over others, and tliis was the reason why tie was chosen with his two com- panions to be among the early victims of the persecution.

The Blessed SEBASTIAN NEWDIGaTE was the third ot this chosen band. He had been brought up in the midst of every luxury, and, as it is said, in the very palace of the King, but his piety and holy aspirations had induced him to forsake all, and take refuge in this most severe of religious orders. He had great natural talents and influence, which made him a marked man in the eyes of those who sought tlie overthrow of the Catholic religion.

JUNE 19.]

MENOLOGY.

37S

The three Martyrs shared the same fate, and on refusing the oath were submitted to an imprisonment of extraordinary cruelty. They were chained each of them to an upright post, and fastened so tightly by the neck and thighs that it was impossible for them to move ; and in this position were kept a whole fortnight, without being unbound for so much as a single instant. When iheir courage had thus been tested, they were led before the Council, and the oath was again pro- IKJscd to Ihcm. They all unhesitatingly refused to violate Ihcir consciences by so criminal an act, and Middlemorc alleged various arguments to prove the unlawfulness of what was proposed. Their formal trial soon followed, at which they were charged simply with rejecting the King's spiritual supremacy and with no other offence. They were executed at Tyburn with all the barbarities of the sentence for high treason, which they underu'cnt with perfect resignation and cbeerfulncss.

ititt. Sander's Scblsm (English cd), Cardinal Pole's Dcfcniio Unit. Ecclti.

f. 169, Chancy's Putio itt MM. C*r(hus.

Slodcin Briliih Martyrology, p. 14, WUton'g Catilogu« (a.d, i6oI>}.

fSlOwe, p. Iji. At Tyburn, the passicn of tfu Blessed Thomas Wood- HOUSE, -iv/io suffered /or the FaUk under Elisabeth.

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

ThwnM The Blessed Thomas Woodhouse. who had

F*riesL*^ been ordained priest in the time of Queen Mary, A.D. held a benefice in Lincolnshire. His refusal to ■ conform to the ecclesiastical ordinances of Eliza-* bcth led to his arrest, and to his confinement for several years in the Fleet Prison, in the midst of hardships nnd persecutions of every kind. Nothing could shake his constancy, and at length he was brought to trial and condemned to suffer for high treason. His blessed passion was consummated in the accustomed manner at Tyburn.

276

MICNOLOGY.

[JUNE 20.

From a private IclUt, it appcjua that WoodhouM. «'l:cii In pri*on, peti- tioned for admisHon lo ibc Society of Jcni*i nnd il may Ik jitMuaicd that the ra|ueM wiK granted.

Hisf. Bridgwater. ConMitaiio. p. 49, Stowe, p. 677. Sander, Schinn (EnK. irans. and Note.

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

v^/ Tyburn, //k iUssed martyrdom of fixt priests 0/ th* Socieljfo/ Jesus — Ou Vcntrablt'XWQUh^'^m'XbV^YJM.the Vent-

raWif William Harcourt, tfu Venerable John Fenwick. the Venerable JOIIN GavaN, and the Venerable ANTONV Turner, w/io, in hatred 0/ the Catholic religion, were/als£fy aecused ef Oaies plot and ecHdeinned eft perjured tt'tdenee,

V. Ttwtaa The Venerable Thomas Whitbkead was of

^''m!7'^' ^ gentleman's family in Essex, was educated at

V. wilUiun St. Omers, and entered the Society at the ace of

V, John Ftn- eighteen ycare. He w-as sent young on the Eng-

"v^oSi ' "'*'' Mission, and there laboured with great zcai

C«v&n, M. j and success for over thirty years. He was head

•j.^^^^ . of the English province at the time of his appre-

ax\ Pricsu ' hension by Oatcs. and though sufTering from sc\xrc

of Jesus' '^illncss was committed to prison, and on tlie 13th

A.D. 1679, jynj, brought to trial at the Old Bailey.

The Venerable WILLIAM HarCOURT, whose true name wa!> Barrow, was a native of Lancashire, and had served the Mission for twenty-five years, during which time he had gained the love and esteem of all who Itncw hini. For twenty ye».TA he had daily prayed for the grace of martyrdom, and happen- ing to be in London when Oates' plot broke out, he was arrested witJi others of his brethren, and brought to the bar at the advanced age of seventy-two.

The Venerable JOHN FENWICK. whose real name was Caldweli., was bom in the bishopric of Durham. His parents were Protestants, and entirely cast him off on his con- version to the Faith. He was educated at St Omcrs, and joined the Society of Jesus. When ordained priest he was

JUNE 20.]

MEXOLOGY.

377

It to England, and became procurator of the province, and wu a diligent labourer in his Master's vineyard. He was among the first who were seized at the breakinj^ out of the plot, and in prison suffered so much from the fetters with which he was loaded that at one time it was thought that his leg must be amputated.

The Venerable JoHN Gavan or Gawen (called GREEN in the process), was born in London and sent to St Omcrs for his education, where he was so marked Tor his candour and innocence that he was called the Angel. Having become a Jesuit, and completed his studies, he was ordained and sent on the Mission. In England he was a diligent preacher and in every respect a successful missJoner, and was thirty-nine years of age at the time of his apprehension.

The Venerable Antoxv TURNER was a native of Leices- tershire antl son of a Protestant minister. He took his degree at Cambridge, and was afterwards converted to the 1-aith, and went to the English College in Rome. At the age of twenty- four he entered the Jesuits" novitiate at Watten, and in due time was sent on the English Mission, which he served for about eighteen years, his residence being chiefly at Worcester. He had great talents for preaching and controversy, with an ardent desire to suffer for the Faith. When the plot broke out, he voluntarily gave himself up to a magistrate, acknow- ledging that he was a priest and a Jesuit

These five great servants of God were arraigned at the same time, and most completely vindicated themselves from the chaises brought against them, and were able to refute the perjured evidence of Oatcs, Bcdioe, and others by most unex- ceptionable testimony. But ail was in vain ; and the jurj-, by direction of Scroggs, brought in a verdict of guilty.

They were led to Tyburn on the 20th of June, when each of them made a speech in his own justification. They were then allowed time for their private devotions, and were on the point of execution, when a messenger rode up with an offer of pardon, on the condition of owning their guilt and revealing what they knew of the plot The Martyrs returned thanks to the King for his goodwill, but were unable to accept it on

a/S

MENOLOGT.

[JUNE 21.

terms which would involve them m the guilt of pcrjurj'. The venerable remains of these holy men were consigned to their friends, and were buried in the churchyard of Si. Giles' in the Fields.

Hilt, Aichiv, Wcsimon., xxxiv.. p. Foley's Record*.

jas- Printed Accounts of Trial,

Challonet, vol. ii.

THE TWENTY-FIRST DAY.

At the Abbey of St M^n, in Brittany, the deposition of St. Maine, Abbot and Confessor. — At Velscn, in i/ie diofts* cfHarkm, the festival of St. ENGELMUNU, Priest and Cott- ftssor. — At St. Thomas' Waterings, in Southtvark, the passion of the tfenerable servant of Cod, JOHN RlUBV, Layman, tcho died for his resoiule profession of the Catholic Faith.

St. Maine. St. M.MNE, Abbot, is called in Latin Mkvex- ■*''''^^°^' Nius, and In French M£en, or CoNAKD-MliEN. 617- This Saint was a native of Great Britain, and a relative of St. Samson and St. Magloire. His father was a man of great virtue and piety, and In every way fostered the . good disposition, which his son manifested from his carlicsti ye»rs, Maine was still a youth when he placed himself under the guichincc of St. Samson, whose faithful disciple he remained till the death of that illustrious Saint. He was careful to profit by his teaching and example, lived in continual attend- ance on him, accompanied him to Brittany, and was one of tlic monks of his Abbey at Dflle. After the death of his beloved master, St Maine had occasion to take a journey, (ind was hospitably entertained on the way by a wealthy man named Cadnon, who persuaded him to accept a part of his own e»talc for the foundation of a monastcfy. This wa.s the celebrated Abbey of Saint Jean Baptietc-dc-Gaei. afterwards known as St. Mifcn. The want of good water was the only deficiency in tlic chosen place, and this was supplied by a miracle wrought by the Saint The excellent reputation of this holy house during tlie lifetime of the founder is proved byd

JUMB a:.]

MENOLOGY.

279

the fact tlut it was the chosen retreat of St. JudJcael, when he abandoned the crown of Brittany to receive the monastic tonsure. St. Maine also cBlablished another religious com- munity near Angers, and continued to govern both until his dcatli. He lived to an extreme old age, and at length was supc-rnatu rally informed that the desired end was at hand. He called his disciples together and bade them farewell in a touching exhortation. Seeing one of them, by name Austulus, inconsolable at the prospect of their parting, he gave him the comforting assurance that within seven days he shguld follow him to a better life, a prediction which was literally fulfilled. The Saint's death took place oft the 21st June, 617. At the time of the Norman incursions, his sacred relics were taken for safety to St. Florcnt-lc-Vicux, but a considerable portion was afterwards brought back to St. M&n. The Abbey, to the time of the Revolution, w.is a much -frequented place of pilgrimage. The festival is kept in most of the dioceses of Brittany.

St. En^- St. Kngklmund was a native of England, °to'c^!^' '""^ *'^'' di''t>ngi''shcd from his youth upwards for singular piety and purity of life. To escape the snares of the world he embraced the monastic life, was ordained priest, and became the abbot of his monastery. Hut he was called to join his fellow-countrymen in the evan- gelization of the Low Countries, and arrived in Holland while St. Willibrord was still alive. The scene of his labours was the region called Kenncmara, and the spot where hp estab- lished himself was Voben, in the diocese of Harlem. He was admired no less for his holy life than for his miracles and his successful mission, and persevered in the same course till a good old age. When he felt that his pilgrimage had come to an end, he called the clergy around him and took a loving farewell of all, He then devoutly received the holy Sacra- ments, and made a formal profession of his faiih, after which he gave up his soul to God. The place where his relics lay was discovered in a vision to Balderic. Bi-shop of Utrecht, at a later age, and by him tlicy were translated, it is said, with many others to his Cathedral Church.

38o

MENOLOGV;

[JUNE 21.

V. John The Venerable JOHK RlCBV was ;i younger

**'^'d" ' ^'-'^ '-'^ '^''" '^'E^'y. 3 gentleman of ancient family, ttoo. of Harrock, in the parish of Ecclcston, L&ncashirc. He was always a Catholic, but at one time used occasionally to attend the Protestant Church, from fear of the penal laws. He heartily repented of this weakness, and was reconciled by Fr. Jones, the Franciscan Martyr, while he was a prisoner in the Clink, and from that time his life was most zealous Bod exemplary ; insomuch that he was the means of bringing back many who had gone astray, and among them hi-i ovfn fatlicr in hLs old age. Poverty obliged John Rigby to take service, and he was with Sir Edmund Hnddlcston when he was sent to the Old Bailey to represent one of the family in some matter of recusancy. On this occasion one of the Commissioners began to cvamine him as to his own religion,'^ the result being that he was forthwith committed for trial, in" consequence of his bold profession of faith. When told of this he declared it was the best news he had heard in his life. One of the judges showed great com|>ass!on, and did all he could to persuade him to go to church, which would have sufficed to procure his freedom, though the charge against him was that of high treason, for being reconciled lo the Church of Rome. This Rigby declared was not the aisc, as he had always been a Catholic, though it was true he had been reconciled to God by the Sacrament of Penance. Sen- tence was then pronounced, and from that time the heart of the holy man was overflowing with joy. As he stood before the bar, the irons, which were strongly rivettcd to his le twice fell off, which appeared to some of the bystanders to be a most miraculous circumstance ; but the Martyr himself would only say that he regarded it as a token that he should soon be released from the shackles of the flesh. The place of execution was St. Thomas' Wateiings, and nn his way thither, and at the gallows, his cheerful meekness and constancy won the admiration of all. He gave the execu- tioner who helped him up to the cart a piece of gold, saying. "Take this in token that 1 freely forgive thee and others that have been accessory to my death ". He kissed the rope as it

JUNE 23.]

MENOLOGY.

381

was put round his neck, and was offering his last prayers, when ihey were cut short by the impatience of the under- sheriff", and the cart driven away. The Martyr was immedi- ately cut down, and the work of b«tcher>' begun while he was yet alive. His head and quarters were exposed in different places in the neighbourhood of Southwark. As the people dispersed they murmured loudly against the barbarity which had been practised, and generally bewailed his death. His life was written by Ur. Worthington. and published soon after the event

ISl Matne, Vitrti. M. Q. Hitl. Ldbinuu. SiiinK de Dtctagnc

trfg. \V. I and 3 (15 June); Ch-il. ii., p. 30. (17 June). Sc. Eii|;clmuniL Ltg. W. I Md 1 [Manyr and a Hitl. Boll, (iih rot.of June), p. 115. different history) : Cj^al. HUt EpiK. Pad. Belg.. vol. ii. (D,

Brcv. Suppl. bn D. of Harl«m. of HmUid).

V. John Rijjbj-. HiMt. Challonei's MIta. PiicMs, vol. i. Aichiv. Wesimon., Champney, |>. HowM on Stow, gSt.

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

At St. Albans, mar ihe ancitnt city of Veruhm, in Hert- fordshire, t/ie /xission of St. AlfaN, tlu first Martyr of Britain. — Aisc of the appointed Extcutisnsr, who '.vas eonverted by tlu mirasks and virtue of the great Martyr, and baptised in his awn blood. — At Tower Hill, the glorious martyrdom of John Fisher, CnrtltHai Priest of tlu Holy Roman Church, and Bishop of Roclusttr. who, resisting the impiety of King Henry VHI., sealed Ais profession of the Catholic Faith with his blood— In Wales, tlu passion of ST. WINIFKID, Virgin, Martyr, whose festival is obstn^cd on tite jrd of No't'tmbcr.

St. AJbto, The Christians of Great Britain escaped perse-

-JVj cution. until the cruel edicts of Diocletian for the 304 c extermination of the Faith of Christ were promul- gated throughout the Ronnan empire. The first victim in

2S2

MENOLOGY.

[JUNE 22.

this island was the glorious Majtyr St. Alban. While yet a pagan himself, he had compassionately given shelter in his own house to a cleric of the Christians, whose life was in peril. The good deed met with a speedy reward, and Alban, wit- nessing the holy life and dc\'otion of his guest, was led l^ divine grace to seek instruction and to embrace the Christian Faith. Meanwhile, the ministers of the imperial tribunal had traced the persecuted cleric to the dwelling of Alban, and went thither to seek him. On their approach the new Christian wrapped himself in the inniitlc usually worn by his guest, and met them at the door. In this guise he was sup. posed to be the victim whom they sought, and straightway led before the judge, who soon discovered who Alban wa&j As the only means of saving his life, he was required to offc !»acrificc to the idols ; but tlic Saint boldly declared himself a Christian, and professed his abhorrence of such sacrilegious rites, I n order to shake his constancy he was cruelly scourged ; but as this failed, he was conducted by the soldiers for instant execution to the hill over against the town of Vcrulam.

Various prodigies attended this short march, which so im- pressed the appointed executioner, that he refused to perform the unholy deed, and declared that he too would be a Chris- tian. Another soldier was called upon to supply his phice, and by order of the judge St. Alban and the firstfruits of hi-i glorious confession at the same time received the crown and palm of martyrdom. The latter, though he had ncvcrj received the Sacrament of Regeneration, was baptised in hisi own blood, and has ever been considered as a true Martyr, and is recorded as such in the Roman Martyrology. His name is said to have been Hcraclius, and that of the cleric for whom St. Alban ofTcrcd himself .^mphibalus. He also shortly afterwards was arrested, and shed his blood for the Faith. Tlie cflfcct produced by these martyrdoms was such that it was found expedient to put a stop to the persecution.

The relics of St Alban were from the first held in the highest veneration by the Christians, and some centurie-s later OfTa, King of Mercia. founded the great abbey which became the head of the Hencdictine Communities in Kngland.

JUKE 22.]

MENOLOGY.

^

B. John The illustrious Martj'r, Blessed JOHN FiSHER,

Bo'a^Tw ^'^'^ ^""^ ^' Beverley, in Yorkshire, and educated

A.D. at Cambridge, in which Univcrsitj' he held several

'^^ important offices, and was eventually elected Chancellor. He was also Confessor to Margaret, Countess of Richmond, the mother of Henry VH., and was her adviser and agent in her many works of pious muniticcRce. In 1504. Fisher was consecrated Bishop of Rochester, one of the poorest dioceses of the kingdom ; but he would nei,'cr con- sent to exchange it for one better endowed, and disdiargcd the duties of a faithful pastor for fully thirty years. When the troubles broke out relative to the King's divorce and the royal supremacy, the holy Bishop was already an aged man, and no one in the kingdom was held in greater reverence than he, for his pietj- and learning. In bolli these causes he was a most strenuous upholder of the doctrine of the Church. He most ably defended Queen Catherine before die Papal Legates ; and aOerward.'s, when the oath of supremacy \vns tendered lo him, he courageously refused to defile his con- science with so great a crime.

In consequence of tliis, the holy prelate was imprisoned in the Tower, and there detained for more than twelve months, and it was during this interval that I'ope Paul III. created him Cardinal, hoping that such a mark of favour and respect would induce the King to consent to a reconciliation. The effect, however, was quite the contrary, and tlie tyrannical prince was so exasperated that he declared that the Pope might send tlie Cardinal's bat, if he pleased, but he would take care that the Bishop had no head to fit it on.

The trial and condemnation soon followed ; and the piety, sweetness, and cheerfulne&s of the holy man during the inter- val before the execution were the admiration of all who wtneiscd them, as they still arc of those uho have read what h recorded in his life.

The appointed day was not announced to him. till, at five o'clock on the 22nd June, he was told that he was to suffer in four hours' time. The Cardinal tlianked llic Lieutenant of the Tower, and, with wonderful calmness of mind, said that,

284

MENOLOGY.

[JTTNB aa.

as he had slept ill in the night, not from fear, but from his infirmities, he wished to sleep for a couple of hours, after which he would rise and be at his disposal. At nine he was conducted to Tower Hill, taking in his hand a small copy of the New Testament, with which he crossed himself, and prayed that, as it was the last time he should open the sacred volume, he might find some consoling verse to be his last thought in this life. Great was his joy when his eye fell on the words of our T.ord : " This is eternal life, to know Thee, the only true God, And Jesus Christ, Whom Thou hast sent. I have glorified Thee on earth, and have completed the work Thou gavest me to do."

When in sight of the scaflTold, he threw down his walking- staff, and said hi^ feet must now do their duty, as he had but a littk way to go, and then recited the Te Devm.

Tlic Martyr's head was struck off with an axe, and his venerated body was not quartered, but privately buried in Harking Church, from which it was afterwards removed and interretl, with that of Sir Thomas More, within the Tower. The head was. as usual; fixed on London Bridge, and there left for fourteen days, and then taken down, as several accounts say, because it became each day more ruddy. Another story is that it was thrown into the river to make room for that of Sir Thomas More,

The death of Cardinal Fisher was lamented all over Europe, and several sovereigns, in their letters, expressed their disapprobation of the King's cruelty. The Pope, in a letter lo Ferdinand. King of the Romans, compares Fisher and Henry VIII. to Sl Thomas and Henry 11.

Si. Alban, B. John Fi»h«.

Coil. I. 3. 3, 4. 5, ;, g, ii, tjn. b, c. Hit!. Sander'a Sehiem (Enj. Iran*. 14, 15. 18, 34. 37, ]8, jg, 41. 4S, 54, and noUB), p. til.

56. 5*- S* 6J. 6j. 67. 9S. '«■ iiartt. Rom.. A. C. I-'. D. G. K. L. P.

Q-R. /./£. TiniD., fol. iSSfri Capgi., fol.

6a ! Nw. Lej.. fol. tb ; Whift Cat. 91.

Sar.; W.tKnda; Oixl. Hitl. Gildu; Bcdi, >.. c. 7.

Wil«on'« CMolague (a-o. 160B);

Slowe. Modern Bril. Mart, pt. i., p. 17. Sl. Winifrid.

JUNE ML]

MENOLOGY.

THE TWENTY-TMIRD DAY.

Ai tlu Abbey of Ely, in Cambridgtshirt, tfu dtposiiwn e>f tiu fu^y QttttHy St. Etheldreda, Virgin and Abbess.— At Tyburn. tJie martyrdom of Ifu Veturabk ROGEK AsHTON, Layman, wAff suff<rcd death /or his obedttHct to tlu laxvs of holy Church in tlu tittu of Elisabeth. — Also at Tyburn, under King Jamts /., the passion of the Venerable Thomas Garnet, Priest of (he Society of JtsHS, who suffered for refusing the unlawful oath.

SLEUiel-

dreda. V.,

A.D.

679.

St. Etheldreda, also called Ediltrudis, and popularly known as St. Audrv, was the daughter of Anna, the pious King of the East Angles. In early life she was espoused to Tonbcrchl, Prince of the Gcrvii, and on his death to Egfrid, King- of North- umbfia; but, though twice married, she remained a virgin throughout her life, as was solemnly attested by St Wilfrid on his certain knowledge. After long and earnest entreaties on her part. King Egfrid consented to allow her to withdraw from the cares of this world, and devote herself to the service of God in holy religion. Finding herself thus free, Ethel* dreda fintt went to St. Ebba, her husband's aunt, and in her Monastery of Coldingham received the veil from the hands of Sl Wilfrid ; but she was not to remain there long, as after a year's probation she was chosen Abbess of the new founda- tion in the Isle of Ely, a desolate spot in her native province. Her sanctity was made apparent by the singular humility with which she dc\'otcd herself to the service of her sisters in the most lowly duties, by the great austerity of her life, and by her perseverance in prayer. It was said that, in the spirit of prophecy, she foretold the pestilence, by which she herself and a certain number of the religious were to be carried away. After governing and edifying her community for seven years, the day of Etheldrcda's happy passage to eternity approached. For .«>mc time she had suffered fearful torture from an abscess in the neck ; but far from repining, she greatly rejoiced to suffer in this life for what she deemed the vanities of bcr early

MENOLOGY.

[JTJNB33.

years, when she had been wont to adorn her neck with many jewels and worldly oroamcnts. By her own request, she was buried in a wooden cofiin in the midst of her sisters, without any Riark of distinction, and so remained until hcf celebrjited translation, which took place after an interval of sixteen years, under the Abbess Scxburga, her own sister (i-uii 17th October).

V. Robert

Ashton,

Lsyinaii,

M*rtyr,

AD.

1593-

Thc Venerable Roger (or Robf.rt) Ashtok was a member of the family of Ashton of Croston, in Lancashire. The offence for which he suffered was that of procuring a matrimonial dispensation from Rome, to enable him to marry his second

cousin.

Some time in this month, but on a day not known, Thomas

Mctham, one of the first priests sent out from Douay. and

afterwards a Jesuit, died a prisoner for his faith in Wisbcach

Castle.

V. ThomM The Venerable THOMAS Garnet was a near *'*'^^'"'' kinsman of Fr. Hcnrj- Garnet, who suffered on the 16^ charge of complicity in the Gunpowder Plot. Thonus Gamet was dedicated by his father from his birth to the service of God's Church. He was sent for his education to the College of St. Omcrs, and afterwards to that of Valla- dolid, both under the direction of the Jesuit Fathers. Having received Holy Orders, he went on the Mission in company with the Martyr Barkworth, and was conspicuous for the great pains he took in the guidance of Ilic souls under his charge. In fulfilment of his long cherished desire, he was admitted to the Society by his kinsman, who was then the Superior in England ; but before he could go abroad fur his novitiate, was apprehended and tlirown into prison. His being known as a relation of Fr. Henry led to a se\-cre exami- nation before the F^trl of Salisbury ; but as there was not the slightest evidence of his knowledge of the treason, after a severe confinement of many months, he was banished, to- gether with many other priests. He was thus enabled to

JUNE 34.]

MENOLOGY.

38?

pcrfann his novkcship at Louvain, and then returned to the work and dangers of the Mission. Through the treachery of an apostate, he was apprehended, and examined before the Protcslant Bishop of London. Having refused the new oath, he was tried on the statute of Etiitabcth, and condemnctl to death. He declined to avail himself of an opportunity of escape which was offered him, and with great joy expected his martyrdom. Many of the nobility and gentry were present at his execution, and amongst them the Earl of Exeter, who used cvcrj- effort to induce him to save his life by accepting the oath. Xothing could $hake his con-itancy, and he met his death at Tyburn, with e\'efy sign of devotion and holy joy. Lord Exeter and tJic people present would not suffer him to be cut down, until he had given up hb sout to the Itand-t of God.

Sc. EttuldretU.

ICoh. 1, », 3, 4. J, 7, II, ijrt, 6, e, 14,

V. R. Aihtoii. Hilt. Challoner'i Mint. PriMtft, vol, i. 1$, 18, 14, l6.)7. j9.41.4e. 5fi.54. Arehiv. WoUn., xi., p. 756; Cau-

jS. 59, 61, 6j. 6s, 67. 95. loa. Mortu Rom., A. C, D. F. O. K. L, P.

Q.R. Ltg. Tinm., fol. lyta; Capgr., Tol.

loBi; Nov. UR-.fol. 141-1; Whilf.

Sar.: W. i and z; Chkl. Hitl. IkdRi nr.. c 19.

logue*. Aichiv. WcMraon. , Chainpnejr. p. 8g6.

V. T. Garnet Hilt. Challoncc'* Mi'm. PiibH*, voL il. Foley's Records. Aichiv. WeaUn., nn.. pp. ij}, 339.

J4l.

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY.

/n tki Isie of Fame, en the coast of Nertfmmbtrland, the dtposiiion of St. Bartholomew, Confessor, Priest, and Hermit.

Su B«utho- This holy man, while living in the world, bore

H«TO"conf *'^*^ names of TosTi and William, and adopted

a!d. 'that of Bartholomew on entering the monastic

ti oriigac. ^^^^ pjj^ gj^j ^^^^^ q„ resolving to give himself

entirely to God and abandon all earthly prospects, was to go to Norway, probably with the intention of joining the Mission in that country, and there he remained to receive the holy order of priesthood. But he returned to England, and lived as a monk at Durham, until he was favoured with a vision

288

MENOLOGY.

[JUNE ae.

commanding him to go to Farnc, the isle of St. Cuthbcrt, and there follow the life of a hermit. The revelation was recog- nised as authentic, and the holy man hastened to obey. In his retreat he auoa became known for hb miraculous gifts, and especially that of prophecy, which brought many persons from the mainland to a^k his counsel and benefit by his exhortations. When alone he was much assaulted by the devil, who used every effort to shake his constancy. But it was in \'iiin, a-i Bartholomew had recourse to our Blessed iMdy, who never failed to deliver him from the snara In the course of time, the Saint was joined by Thomas, who had been Prior at Durham, and renounced his office to adopt the same austere life. At first there were difficulties, owing to the peculiar disposition of Thomas, and the Saint thought it best to quit the island ; but on going to consult his brethren at Durham, he was advi-scd to return and bear the new cross laid upon him. From that time, however, Thomas began seriously to correct his fault, and the two lived in harmony, till Thomas died a holy death. Bartholomew had several visits from his great predecessor. St. Cuthbert, by which he was greatly fortified in his good purpose and in perseverance, while he continued to advance in supernatural gifts. He predicted his own death, and having received the visits of the monks of Lindisfamc and of Coldingham, with great devotion gave up his soul to God.

Lig. Tinm.. Ibl. 193^ ; Capgr., fol. Hisl. Ancient AcU. Boll, {^fh voL of 396: Nov. Leg., Ebl. 311; VVhitC June), p. 831. Add.; W. 1: Chat.

THE TWENTY-FIFTH DAY.

/4/ Egmund, m the province of North Holland, the deposi- ItOH of St. Adeldert, Confessor and Deacon,— At the Abbc>' of St. Albans, tht ttanslalim of St. Amphibalus and his companitms. Martyrs.

St Adcl&crt, St. AOiiLKEKT, a native of Nortliumbria, and jJq' it is said of the royal blootl, was one of those who 740 c joined St Egbert at his retreat in Ireland. Ukc

JtrNBGS.]

MENOLOGY.

289

the rest of that holy company, he was possessed with an ardent zeal for the conversion of the heathen, and was chosen to be one of the twelve %vho, with St WiUibrord at their head, sailed for the Mission of Fricsland. The princiiia! field of his labours was Egmund and the neighbourhood, where he was cordially welcomed by Eggo, the lord of the country. Through his preaching, and especially through the example of his virtues, multitudes were converted to the Faith. The virtue on which he most insisted, and which was most con- spicuous in himself, was humilitj*, which he proclaimed as the sole guardian of all the rest Several times he interrtiptcd his labours by short visits to his native country, but always returned, according to his promise, and at length bequeathed his .ucred remains to the land of his adoption. The people of that region ever regarded him as their spiritual father, and venerated him as a Saint, this opinion being confirmed by the many miracles wrought at his tomb. In the tenth century, Count Thierry erected a Benedictine Abbey at Egmond, dedicated in honour of St. Adelbert.

As the Saint is called Deacon and Lxvitc, it is inferred that he never received the order of priesthood, which may be expLtined by his singular love of humility. Some have called him Archdeacon of Utrecht, and it ls evident that he exercised some kind of jurisdiction o%-er his numerous neophytes.

Translation St Gildas and St Bede, the earliest his-

"'taJu^'"' Dorians of the martyrdom of St Alban. relate that

Comp.. a certain Christian, whom St Bede designates as

"d! a cleric, sought a refuge from the persecutors in

'*?*■ the dwelling of the future protoroartyr, who was

at that time still a pagan. Me was most hospitably received,

and his good example, his piety, and holy words were the means

employed by God to bring His elect servant to the Faith and to

Christian baptism. So great, moreover, was the zeal of the

neophyte, that when he learned that his guest could no IcMiger

be concealed from Imminent apprehension, be insisted on

19

ago

MEN<

[JUNBaO.

putting on his habit or cloak and thus exposing himself to the first assault of the persecutors, while his friend cndea- \-oured to make good his escape. Neither of these early u-riters tells us the name of this cleric, nor says expressly that he was one of those numerous Christians who afterwards suffered martyrdom ; but it is he who is known in the history of the Church as Amphibah;s. Whether the name was handed down by tradition, or afterward made known by a vision, or merely given to him by the faithful to distinguish him from other Martyrs, and chosen on account of the cloak or mantle he wore — for such may be the meaning of the word amphibalus — matters but little. For centuries the burial- place of Amphibalus was unknown, and his memory would seem to have well-nigh perished, till the discovery of his sacred relics, with those of nine companions, on the 2Sth June, 1 178, in the reign of Henry H., at Rcdburn, a few miles distant from St. Albans. The fact of this Invention is related by contemporary annalists ; but for the circumstances, wc have to look to the less authentic narrative of a much later writer. It is said that St. Alban appeared in a vision to a pious citizen of the town, named Robert IVIerccr, indicated the spot where the hol>' Martyrs lay, and told him that the lime had come when they were to be treated with due honour. In consequence of this, a search was made, the bodies of Amphibalus and his nine companions were dis- covered, and translated with great devotion by the Abbot Simon to the great Church of the Monastery.

Si. Ad«lbert. ttmts. Rom., VtuiatA Lie- W. I and 1; Chal.; i;tr«cht

B(«v, Suppl. Hitf. Ancvaii Life in Suriu*. Mabill., Acta SS. Paul, nwc. iii., vol.

ii., p. 386,

St. AmphilMtlu* knd Con)|x Call. 10, 37. Uarti. M. Q. Lig. Tinm., Col. 1956; CapfT., fbl.

itir; Nov. Ley., rol. tja; Whitf.

AdJ. -, W. 1 and J ; Chat. Hilt. Gildasdc ncidio, viii. ; Beda, i. Kogn Hovedm, vol. ii. (RotU). p.

.36. Gcsta Abb. S. Albani, vol. I. (ftoDa),

p. i9». Matt. PaiiB, Chron. Maj., voL S^

{SolU}. p. 301.

JUNB 26, 27.]

MEKOLOGY.

*9<

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

/ff Wales, M*r tratistalicn of ST. BREtfACU.uAose/ejtiva/ is ff» thi jth of April. — At Canterbury, the festival of St. S\l.\'\{j^, Biskcfi and Afarlyr.— Also at Canterbury, M^ /w»f memory of the Holy Virgin SiBURGIS, whom, by reason of her eminent samtity, St. DuHstan caused to At buried within the ehurcJt, her body being placed to tlu north of the altar of St. Miehael.

St. SaIvius. When Archbishop Lanfranc was rebuilding the ^D " Cathedral of Canterbury. WiUiani the Conqueror Swe. with much zeal promoted the great work, and showed spcci.ll favour to the church, restoring to it many pos- sessions which had been confiscated. Among other gifts he bestowed on the new church were the head and principal bones of St. S.alvius the Martyr, whose body he had brought from tlic Continent This Salvius was Bishop of Angoul^mc, who had travelled to Valenciennes, in the time of Charles Mattel or of Charles the Great, and was most maliciously put to death, together with his companion, by one of the officers of the Treasury'.

Tile Botlinilbtt knew nothing of this tnnf^Utlon (o Canterbury, and It n lenuukAblc tliai itic Uunbeth MS. 159, fol. toUa, admiti that it ww doubcAil wbctbcr the church really pouesMd the lK»d>' of St. Salviu 01 not. Eventually the t«li« wrrc placed on the aluc of St. Stephen, bww«en tho»c of the Ai«h- biahapi St. Cucbbat and St. Eihelhenid.

St. Bicnacli. Htit. Genasc ^Tvryitd. Col.> iJi)j):

Cal.it. LimbElh MS., 159; Boll., vol.

St. Sklviiu. xxiv., p. 196 (16 Juna^

Mart. Molanui [^d. to Unard}. L*g,Ch»X. (1^ MaidO.

THE TWENTY-SEVENT1[ DAY. At Benchor, or Bangor, in Ireland, the holy memory of St. COMGALL, Abbot-, Confessor.

St. CoovkO. CoMCAl.l, was a monk and finally Abbot of the

^D." E"^**^ Monastcr>'of Benchor, so celebrated for the

N*rL perfection of its religious discipline, and it is said

'' that the holy rule there observed was due to him.

292

MENOLOGY.

[JTJNB 28.

He went over to Britain to visit the Saints who flourished tliere. If it be true that he founded a religious house in this island, he must have remained here some time, and we may just))* count him among our heavenly protectors.

Mart. Modern [rith (lu May). Ltg. W. ■ and t [to Dec.) \ Cbal. (lo

MayX Hiil. Lanigan, Hist., il, p. So.

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

At Tybum, i/ie passion of t!u VenerabU JOHN SOUTH- WORTH, Priest and Martyr.

V. John The Venerable JOIIS SoUTawoRTlI belonged

^"^"''•tothefamilyorthcSouthworthsofSamlesbury.ne.ir A.D. Preston , in Lancashire. He received hts educatinn at the College of Douay, and being made priest, was sent on the Mission in 1619. He began his labours in Lancashire, and escaped imprisonment till 1627, when he was tried and condemned for his priesthood, but reprieved and left in Lancaster Castle, where he had the happiness of giving the last absolution to Fr. Arrowsmith the Martyr, at the time of his execution, Southworlh was afterwards sent to the Clink gaol in London, and on the Queen's intercession released with several others, and given into the custody of the French ambiissador for transportation. It is not clear that the holy man went abroad \ but if he did, he soon returned, as he was again arrcitcti and sent to the Clink. During this second imprisonment he enjoyed great liberty, and was allowed to walk out at his pleasure. What use he made of this favour wc learn from the petition of a Protestant minister, who wrote to the Archbishop of Canterbury to complain that Southworth and another priest, during the plague of 1636, visited infected houses, and, under colour of bestowingatms, spoke of religion, and induced not a few to embrace the Catholic Faith. Upon this remonstrance, the holy man was examined and convicted, but soon after set free, on the warrant of Secretary Winde- bank.

JX7MB 29.]

MENOLOGY.

303

The Rnal apprehc

of the Mart)'r took place

lension

t6S4, when he was about scvcnty-two years of agt In his examination he freely acknowledged that he was a priest, but the judycs showed the ^;rcatest reluctance to condemn him, and urged him to withdraw his pica, which was equivalent to declaring himself guilty. This, however, his conscience would not permit him to do, and the recorder shed abundant tears while pronouncing the sentence required by the iniquitous law. On the appointed day he was drawn to Tyburn in his priest's cassock and cap; and though there was a heavy storm at the time, the number of persons assembled was very great To thi-1 multitude Soiithivorth addressed a speech, which is still preserved, but was interrupted before he had concluded all be wished to say. He then prepared for death by silent prayer, having first requested all Catholics to unite with hinu He then, in perfect tranquillity, resigned his soul into the hands of hi-s most loving God, Who had died for him, and for Whose sake he died. The Martyr's rcHcs were sent by one of the Howard family to Douay College, and were buried in the church near the altar of St. Augustine, tn rcquitil of this act of devotion, another member of the same house — Francis, the fifth son of Henry Frederick, Earl of Arundel — was restored to health through the Martyr's intercession, when, according to the judgment of the physician and others, he was at tlie very point of death. An accurate account of this miracle has happily been preserved.

fihi. Challonct's Miss. Pcicsts, vol. ii.

Arcliiv. Wcstnion.t ixx., p. 6)5> p- 63^, &c

THE TWENTY-NINTH DAY.

Jit Cacrleon, in the county of Monmouth, tlu holy metmry of the Martyrs JULlus and Aaron, citisens of that pha.

SS. jLliu* SS. JtJLtUi5 and AARON, fervent Christians of

"mm.'.°"' Caerleon, shed their blood for the Faith in the

^D. prcat persecution of Diocletian, about the same

jftDty. time as the glorious St. Alban. Many others also

294

MENOLOGV.

[ JTTNH 30.

in different places were submitted to the most cruel torments and to the most barbarous and unheard-of tearing asunder of their limbs, and under such suRerings passed to the joys of heaven. SS. Julius and Aaron were greatly honoured by the ancient British Christians, and various churches were dedi- cated under their invocation.

Lig. Whiir.. Add. {I July) : W. land Wij(. Bed*, c 7. »); Chil.

or utter. No Xi».j.

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

At Wolsingham ami at Durham, ike My memory of St. ALRICK, Confessor and Hermit.— At Tyburn, tJu ittartyrchm ofifu Vtnerable Philip Powel, Priest and Monk of tht Order of St. BtntdicL

St Alfick, The servant of God, At^RlCK, had retired to ''•"^■j^'"''^''Icad a life of solitude in a cave near Wolsingham, 1107c., in a wild spot infested by wolves and other savi-ige beasts, his only defence being the unfaitins protection of his Divine Master. It was here that St Godrick found him after he left Carlisle and was yet with- out any settled habitation. The two Saints, hitherto un- known in the body, recognised one another, embraced, and resolved to live together, each hoping to receive from the other some special help in the path nf perfection. Godrick devoted himself to the service of his aged companion, who soon fell sick, and was fearfully tried with a long and most painful malady. Alrick felt the full consolation of these pious ministrations, which were unremitting, and in due time bad the happiness of receiving the holy Sacraments from a priest whom Godrick fetched for that purpose. After this his illness continued to increase, but for his greater merit the desired end was still delayed. Godrick allowed himself no rest, and became worn out with watching, until at length he snnk into a troubled slumber ; but he had prayed that he inifiht witness the departure of the blessed soul, and his petition was granted. He awoke at the moment, and was

JUNE 30J

MENOLOGY.

a9S

gratified with a vision of the purified soul as it ascended to heaven in a state of glory. On the death of Alrick, his former companions, who were then in the scr\-icc of the Church of St. Cuthbcrt, came and carried his sacred remains to the cemetery at Durham, where they were buried with all honour. Godrick used to say to his disciples : " Note well the place where they lie. and be assured those bones are sacrcJ relics". The same Saint, in the later years of his life, would tell of the wonderful evidences of sanctity he had seen in St. Alricic

Tha name Alricli ii a]»o written AJIrieuR. Eiltien*, and Ethelricuk He i« iilw called Godwin, wliich Mcmi lo have been a (UinaTiie given to him to indlwe tbe bolinnt of his liEe.

V. Philip The Venerable PniLll' ?o\VEi,,who was known o's'b' °" ''^^ Mission by his mother's name, Morgan, A.D. belonged to an ancient family of Brcconshire. He ^^ received his early education at the school of Aber- gavenny, and at the age of sixteen went to study law in London, his master being Mr. Baker, afterwards the well- known Fr. Augustine. O.S.B. When he was twenty years of !^e, Powcl was sent on some tcmjjoral business into Flanders, and there became acquainted with the English Benedictines of Douay, and at his earnest request was admitted into that congregation. There he made great progress in virtue and learning, and was ordained priest. In 1622 he was sent on the Mission, and through Mr. Baker's means found refuge in a Catholic family in Devnni?hire and Somersetshire, where he laboured pcrscveringly for over twenty years. When the civil war broke out Fr. Powcl was obliged to leave his retreat, and was soon arrested by the Parliamentary authorities. Having acknowledged his priesthood, he was sent to London and confined in the King's Bench, and was there treated with great harshness and neglect His trial took the form of a condemnation on his own confession, and though he thought ft his duty to plead certain legal objections, yet when sen- tence was pronounced he gave thanks to God in the most fervent manner. In prison his amiable conduct won the

296 MENOLOGY. [JUNH 30.

regard of his fellow-captives, six of whom he reconciled to the Church. His cheerfulness seemed to increase day by day, and when the news of his approaching execution was brought to him, he fervently exclaimed : " Oh ! what am I that God thus honours me, and will have me die for His sake ? " On the 30th June, the man of God was draped to Tyburn, and exhibited 'many signs of the joy which filled his heart. Having spoken a while to the people, forgiven all concerned in his death, prayed for the King and countiy, and com- mended himself to God, he gladly submitted to the sentence. He was allowed to hang till death, and his head and quarters were not exposed in the usual manner, but buried in the old churchyard of Moorfields. A Benedictine father who was present succeeded in procuring his clothes and bloodstained shirt from the executioner.

St. Alriclt. Ven. Philip PoweL

Leg. W. I and 2 (2 Aug.) ; Chal. (7 Hht. Challoner's Miss. Priests, v(d.

Dec.). i[.

Hisl. Boll, istvoL of Aug., p. 106. Weldon's Notes, p. 186. Life of St. Godrick (Surtees' Series,

vol. XX.).

JULY.

THE FIRST DAV.

At St Lunaire, near St, Male, in Brittany, and in ctftrr places, tiu festival 0/ Si". LeonokiuS, Bisltop and Confessor. — At SL Thomas' Waterings, in Soittkxoark, tht passion of t/ie Ven<rabU Sir David Gknson, Knigkt.~At Tybum, the martyrdom of l/u Venerable TUOMAS MAXflELD, Priest, who suffered under fames /. — Aiso at Tyburn. (« lite reign of Charits //., the passion of the Venerable Oliver Plunket, Martyr, Archbishop of Armagh, and Primate of ail Ireland, wito tiias the last to suffer at tlte hands of tiie public extcutioner for t/u Catliotie Faith in England,

St. L«onoriii(, St. Lbonorius was the son of Hocl I., King of ^'*ad'^'' R"**^">'> snd his wife Fompeia. They were sSoc. living in exile in Great Britain, when their holy child was bom ; and he was but five years old when they conlided him, together with his elder brother Tugdua), to the care of St. Iltut, to be brought up in his great monastery. The two brothers made rapid progress in knowledge and virtui^ and gave early tokens of the sanctity which they a^tcr^vards attained. St. Iltut, having discerned in Lconorius certain qualitiea which seemed to fit him for the ecclesiastical ministry', presented him to the Bishop St Dubritius. by whom he was employed, and promoted to Holy Orders, and finally to the episcopate, though he does not appear to have had jurisdiction in any diocese. Lconorius, however, was desirous of affording spiritual succour to his own people in Brittany, ami followed his brother St. Tugdual to the Continent.

sg8

MENOLOGY.

tTl.

Their elder brother, Hod II., was then established on the throne, and gladly provided Leonorius with a site for his monastery. This was at Pontual, between the rivers Rancc and Argoenon, and there the Saint devoted himself to the great work- which lay before him. Besides the care of his monastery, he was assiduous in preaching to the people and rendering them all possible services, spiritual and temporal. In many ways he was a benefactor to his nation, and exerted a salutary influence in the civil commotions which occurred in his time. Thus his nights were spent in prayer and his days in active labour, till he was called to his reward at the age of fifty-one. His tomb is seen in the p.ifish church of Lunaire, which is a corniption of his own name, and there his relics were venerated till profaned and dispersed by the Calvinists in the sixteenth century.

V- Darid The Venerable Sir David Genson was a

^''Tci."" Knight of St. John of Jerusalem, or Rhodes, who

>54'- ^■as drawn through Southwark and executed at

St Thomas' Waterings for denying the spiritual supremacy

Of King Henry VIH.

V. Thonuu The Venerable Martyr. THOMAS Masfieij>, ""a!d.' "" '>c'o"Bed to an ancient family of Staffordshire, and 161& at the very time of his birth his father lay under sentence of death for the Faith, and his mother was a close priitoner for the same cause. At an early age Thomas was] sent to the College at Douay, and showed great proBcieneyJ in the long course of studies he went through. In due time he was ordained, and sent on the Mission in 161 5 ; but he had not been in London more than three months when he was arrested before the altar as he was making his thanks- giving after Mass. He was examined before se%-eral of the King's Bishops; and as he acknowledged himself to be a priest, he was at once sent to prison to the Gatehouse. There he remained eight months, giving edification to all his fellow- captives by hia most religious demeanour ; but thinking that be might posidbly effect his escape by means of a rope from

JTTLT 1.]

MENOLOGY.

299

his window, he thought it his duty to make the attempt However, it was not God's will that he should succeed, ana be was again seized, just as he set his feet to the ground.

The punishment of his attempt was a confinement of several days in a filthy hole or dungeon of indescribable horrors. A Jesuit Father, an inmate of the same prison, with much difficulty, contrived to pay him a visit of consolation, and was surprised to find him abounding with heavenly joys, and in no need of human comfort. The holy man was then removed to Newgate, and at first placed among the common criminals, whose wicked and blasphemous conversation was the greatest affliction he had to endure. Two of them, hoivcver, he moved to contrition and reconciled to God, which, being known, led to his separation in a private cell. Me was tried and con- demned as a priest, but told that he miyht save his life by taking the King's new oath, which he refused to do, after explaining that his motive was no want of loyalty ioward.s his prince.

The Spanish ambassador exerted himself to procure a pardon, or at least a reprieve, but in vain, and then sent his son and his confessor to visit him in prison. Other strangers also, though contrary to the strictest orders, obtained access to him, and treated him with all the reverence due to a Confessor of Christ. In answer to their olTers of service, his only petition was for the help of their pra.yers. and to the Spaniards that they would recommend his beloved College at Doua>' to the protection of their King. Great prccaution.H were taken to keep the execution secret, but it was to no purpose, and vast crowds were assembled all along the way; and when they reached Tyburn, tlic officers were surprised to find the gibbet adorned with garlands, and the ground strewn with flowers and sweet herbs, in honour of the Martyr. He was allowed to address the people at some length, and then commending his soul to God, calmly submitted to his sentence. The people would not suffer him to be cut down, as the sheriff ordered, until he w-is dead, after which the usual butchery took place. The sheriff would not allow any relics to be carried away, and had him buried in a deep hole at the

300

RTENOLOGT.

[juiiY :.

foot of the gallows, and under the bodies of many malefactors. Nevertheless, the same night certain zealous young men con- trived to carry away the sacred remains, and remove them for decent burial.

V. ou«f The Venerable Oliver Plunket, who be- an. M. longed to ohe of the most ancient and noble >^P- families of Ireland, went to Rome in his early youth for the puqwse of study. He began and completed hLs course in the Irish College uf that city, and received Holy Orders and the degree of Doctor. As there was no immediate prospect of his being able to return to Ireland, he obtained, about the year 1654, admission amongst the priests of St Gcrolamo dclla Caritii, where for a number of years he led a life of great devotion, and exhibited great zeal for the welfare of his neighbour. Among his favourite exercises were frequent visits to the shrines of the holy Martyrs, and assiduous attendance on the sick in the great Hospital of the Holy Spirit. In the year 1657, Dr. Plunkct was appointed Reader in Thcologj- in the College of Propa- ganda, and retained the office for the remainder of his sojourn in Rome, to the great advantage of the students of so many nations there asKcinblcd.

Clement IX., in the year KJ70, appointed Dr. Plunket to the Metropolitan See of Armagh; and after his consecration in Rome, he hastened to enter upon his important charge. In Ireland he lived in great retirement, as the limes required, and far removed from political excitement. His poverty was so extreme, that when arraigned he was able to say that his income had never been £60 a year ; but he was a zealous pastor, and effected much good among his flock. Of necessity, he was sometimes obliged to exercise acts of morcj or less severity on certain scandalous livers, .Among these,' unhappily, were some priests or religious who were $0 exasperated by his censures as to become his biltcr enemies, and resolved to compass his ruin. This was the time when Gates' plot had proved a golden har%-est to unprincipled and perjured men in England ; and there were those in Ireland-

JULY 1.]

MENOLOGY.

301

who thought that a kindred movement in tlieir own country might be equally profitable to themselves. Archbishop Plunkct wa-s the victim chosen. 1 Ic was arrested, carried to Dublin, and accused of an extravagant and impossible con- spiracy to bring 70,000 French troops into Ireland. Nothing could be established against him ; but instead of being dis- charged, he was kept in prison until summoned to London, whitbcr the perjured witnesses had already betaken than- selves. Accortlingly, the holy prelate was brought lo trial in London, and the testimony of his wicked accuscn«, though utterly improbable, was so well prepared, that the jury were induced to bring him in guilty. Before the execution, the Earl of Essex, Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, arrived in Londoni and went to ask for a pardon from Charles IL, giving the highest report of the Archbi.'ihop's character and life.

The unhappy King said it was not possible for him to pardon anyone under the circumstances of the time, but reproached the Earl for not being in time to make this declaration at the trial, and then added ; " His blood be on your head, and not on mine". Though the conviction of the Archbishop was on the charge of the pretended plot, he was offered his life if he would renounce his religion, and confess and charge others with the conspiracy, ivhich proposals, it is needless to say, he utterly rejected. Before his execution he had the blessing of the spiritual help of Fr. Corker, a Benedictine, who was then under sentence of death in the same prison of Newgate. This pood monk has left several letters, in which he gives a touch- ing account of the last days of the Martyr, and his most heroic sentiments of piety and holy joy. The sentence was carried out at Tyburn, ^vhen he vindicated his conduct in a long and irrefutable address, and then with extraordinary piety resigned his soul to God. The quarters of the Martyr's body were fir&t buried at St. Gilc^-in-thc-Ficlds ; but four years later they were found entire, and conveyed to the Benedictine Abbey of Lambspring. The last translation was to the Prior>' of Downside. The head of the Martyr is preserved in Droghcda. Thi.s great -Archbishop was the last who suffered death in England in defence of the Catholic

302

MENOl

[JtJLYa

Faith. There were, however, others who had been condemned tu death on the accusation of Oatcs and his associates, and, were suHTcrcd to linger In prison till they died a few years' later.

Bennct Constable, priest and Benedictine monk, «*as one of these He died in Durham i^ol in 1683. WIHiam licnnct, priest, S.J., was also condemned in the same persecution, but lived to be sentenced a second time, under William, and died a prisoner at Leicester in rGj)!.

St. LeonoriuK. Cal. Old t-'ccnch CaLcndsii. '

Lfg. Oul. On June) ; Suppl. Bwv.

of tcvccal dloccfccA. Hhf. Lobiiicau, SainM dc Brctagne. t.. p. 166. V. David Geiison. Hitt Wil!toii'& Caulague (a.d. ifoS). Slowc; Modern Biit. Mait.

V. Thomfli MMficld. Hill. ChJloncr's Mils. Priesta, vol.

il.i Douay Diafio- Atchiv. Wctlm., «■-. p. nys-

V. Oln«r Plunk«t. Hilt. MuanKotti'ti ItaJiin Lib of

Flunket {\.d. 1711}- Chullonvi'B Mist. PricHlK. vol. ii ;

DoJd. vol. iii. Moran'i Life of Plunkct; Fotey'»

RcGOrdn. Afchiv. Westmon.. xxm., p. 683 rf

THE SECOND DAY.

At Llandaff, t/u dtpoiition of St. Oi;daceus, Bish^ and Con/tssor. — At Winchester, tfu deposition of ST. SwiTHlK. Bishop and C<mftsior.—lH Fleet Street, in the city of London, the pofsion of the ventrable sen/ants of Cod^ MoKFORD Scorr (J«rf George Bke.SLEV, Priists and Martyrs, wise died for tfu Failh under Quetn Elisabeth.

St-Oudaceus, Budic, Prince of Brittany, lived a length of iLD ''"'* '" '^"'''^ '" Great Britain, and there married ifS* Anaumed, sister of SL Theliau. They had two sons bom in this island, St Ismael and Tyfri, the Martyr; but OUDACEU.s,a>'ounger child, first saw the day immediately on their return to the Continent, whither Budic wjis recalled to talcc possession of the throne. Before his birth, Oudaeeus had been vowed to God, and as soon as hJs age permitted he

JULY 2.J

MENOLOGY.

303

was entrusted to the charge of his uncle, St. Theliau, Bishop of Llandaff. The life of Oudaccus was altogether blameless, and under his saintly guardian he made rapid progress, not only in piety and virtue, but in every kind of good learning, and was remarkable for the eloquence of his speech. When SL Thcliau saw that his death was approaching, he named Oudaceus as his successor, not moved thereto by his near relationship, but solely because he knew him to be best fitted for the charge. The choice was gladly accepted by the princes and people of the country, and Oudaceus was conse- crated the tliird Bishop of Dandaff. During his administra- tion, the Saint was distinguished for his charity towards the good and the penitent, but no less for his zeal and firm resistance towards the wicked. Without hesitation he passed the sentence of excommunication against Mcuric. the King of Glamorgan, for an atrocious act of treachery and cruelty, and would in no way relax the rigour of the censure, until he had the consolation of seeing the prince, with the tears of tnic penitence, ask to be reconciled to God. St Oudaccus, as much as his duties permitted, lived in retirement in his monastery, devoted to prayer and the practices of mortification,

St Swithin, SwiTHiN was a priest of the Church of Win- A d" Chester, who by his religious virtues and his single* 863- hearted prudence attracted the notice of King Egbert, and was by him appointed tutor to Ethelwoir. his son and successor. When the See of Winchester became vacant by the death of Hclmslan, Elhelwolf, who was now King, was eager to show his gratitude and reverence for hh preceptor, by procuring his appointment as Bishop. Nor could anyone be proposed better fitted for the exalted dignity ; so that the clergy readily assented to the wish of the prince, and Swithin received consecration from Celnoth the Archbishop. During his episcopate the Saint was especially characterised by his charity for the afflicted and his singular humility. When invited to the consecration of a new church, so sincere was his aversion to all pomp and display, that he would make the joume>', however long it might be, on foot, and that by night.

304

MENOLOGY.

[JULY a

to escape all observation, whether favourable or censorious, from the people. When he exercised the gift of miracles, with which he was largely favoiired, it seems to have been for the benefit of the poor and distressed ; and it was doubtless in answer to his humble prayer, as his biographer remarks, that God permitted that these wonders did not attract thcatten-' tion tliat might have been expected, and which i» usual in such cases. St. Swithin ruled his diocese about ele\-en years, and at his own request was buried in the open grawyard. where the rains of heaven might fall upon him and he be trodden under foot by those who entered the church. There the sacred relics remained in obscurity till the time of his cclc- bratfd translation, more than coo years later, on the 15th July, A.D. 970.

V. Monfard The Venerable MONfOKD ScOTT was the son v'^Gcofge. ^^^ gentleman of the diocese of Norwich. He had Becaley. M., made considerable progress in his studies before ,Jy,| he went to Douay in the year 157+ He was admitted to the English College, lately founded there by Dr. Alton, and had completed his course and been ordained, and in 1577 on the Mission, before the forced migra- tion of the seminary to Rheim.t. He was a man of wonderful meekness, and of such abstinence that his ordinary diet was bread and water, with .lomc little addition on festivals. More- over, he was so devoted to prayer that he would spend whole nights and days in that exercise, and his knees had become quite hardened, as is recorded of St. James the Apostle. He was condcmncfl solely for his priestly character, and Topclifte boasted of the great scr\'icc he had rendered to the Queen by bringing so devout and mortified a priest to the gallows. He suffered with wonderful joy and meekness, which won the admiration even of the enemies of his Faith.

The Vcncmblc GEORGE Beeslev, who suffered at the same time, was born in Lancashire, and was a student and priest of the College at Rhcims, from which he was sent to England in 1588. He was a man of undaunted courage^ and suong and robust in body ; but so tortured was he in the

JULTa]

MENOLOGY.

305

hands of the persecutors, that before his death he was reduced to a mere skeleton. The object of this cruelty was to make him betray his fellow-Catholics ; but all was in vain, and he was condemned merely for his priesthood. It is said that the servant of the inn where he lodged was also executed for assisting him.

Sl OudAceuR.

l»t. W. I wd I ; Chal.

ma. Boll. (3 July).

Lobinciu, Saint* dc Btetagnc, !., p

IQO.

'Wbonon'* AnElIa Socrt, vol. ii.

St. S within. CaTi. 1. 1. 3. 4. s. g. II. 14, 15. 24,

Slivii. Rom.. H, K. L, I, P. Q, R.

Ltt. Tinia. (bl. ig8<i ; Capgr., UA. ajsi : Nov. Lq|.. ibi. 3786 Whiif. Sar. i W. I and a ; Chal. Hiti. MalmcAb. Pont., ii.. | 75; Simeon Dunclni..GciL RcgfTwyad, Col., 141), Man>-[i.

>6,37, 39, 41. 54, j6, 5S, 59<63. 65, Uttl. Douay Divines; Challoaa^ 67, 45, loi. MiBs, Priests, vol. i.

Atehiv. Wcitmon., Champney, p. Safi Catalogues.

THE THIRD DAY.

/« yNf^tx.,tkt festival of %t. BilJLIG.—.^f //« Abbey of SL Croix, in QuimperU, attd other places in Brittany^ tlu festival of St. GUNTHIERN, Cmfessor and Hertnit.

St. Cunthiem, GUNTHIERN was one of the sovereign princes j^p' of Wales, but quitted his earthly estate to seek 500 c perfection in a life of solitude. He first fixed his residence in the Isle of Croix, on the coast of Brittany, and there remained for a length of time, until the fame of his virtues and miracles reached the ears of the king of the coun- try. This prince induced the Saint to transfer his abode to the mainland, and gave him a plot of ground for his hermi- tage. His chief residence in the latter years of his life seems to have been at Quimperltf, where an abbey was built in the tenth century. There St. Gunthiem is supposed to have pawscd to his everlasting crown ; but his body, probably from fear of the Norman pirates, was removed to his island of Croix, and once more — in the middle of the eleventh century

— solemnly translated to QuimperW.

20

306

MENOLOGY.

[JT7LT4.

His solemn commemoration, which fell on the day of SS. Peter and Paul, was transferred to the 3rd July.

St. Biblig. SL tiirnlhiem.

Cat, Qt. Hiti. Lobincau, Sainu ie BietBftne,

i. , p, I03.

THE FOURTH DAY.

Ai Dorchester^ t^ passion of the Veneral>U JOHN CORNE- LIUS, Priest ofUiC Society of Jesus, and of the venerable ser- vants of Ccd, Thomas Bosgrave, John Carev, and Patrick Salmon, Laymen, all of whoiH suffered death for the Cailtotic religion. — At York, t/ie martyrdom of tlu Ve>urab!( WILLIAM Andlebv, Priest^ and of the Venerable THOMAS WaRCOP and the Venerable EDWARD FULTHORPE, Laymen^ who died in the same holy eause.

V. John Coc. The Venerable JOHN CORNEUUS, or MoHUN, V ThoniM ^^ ^'^ ^^'^ ^^° called, was bom of Irish parents in Bosgrave, the town of Bodmin, in Cornwall. From his early V. John years he gave evidence of great abilitic? and was C»rcy M^ patronised by Sir John Arundcll, who sent him to Soimon, M.. Oxford. lUs attachment to the Catholic religion ,c-.; led the youth to leave the University and pass over to the College at Rheims. After some stay there he wns -sent to Rome, ordained priest, and in due time despatched for the English Mission. Both before and after his arrival lie xvas remarkable for the holiness of hi.s life, his earnest spirit of prayer and the many voluntary mortifications he practised ; and to those he added, when tn England, a zealous devotion to the <.vorIc of his ministry'. He wns assidu- ous in preaching and catechising, in administering the Sacra- ments, in his care of the sick and poor, to whom he refused nothing which he had to give. He was treacherously arrested in the house of the widow of Sir John Arunddl,and viiih him three laymen, who were the companions of his martyrdom. Cornelius was first examined at the shcrifTs house and then sent to London, where he appeared before the Lord Treasurer

JULT4.]

MENOLOGY.

307

and the Archbishop of Canterbury, who endeavoured both by persuasions and the torture to make him betray his fellow- Catholics. As their efforts were in vain, he was again con- ducted to Dorchester to take his trial. The three days preced- ing the ajsi^-es he spent almost without eating or sleeping, devoting himself wholly to prayer and exhortations to his fel- low-prisoners. The three laymen were brought to the bar at the same time.

The Venerable Thomas Boscrave was a Corn!s*h gentle- man, whose offence was, that when Cornelius was hurried off to prison he had followed him to offer him his own hat, saying that such was his respect for his function that he could not see him carried away bare-headed.

The Venerable JOIIN C-A-REY and the Venerable PATRICK SALiroN were natives of Dublin, and were apprehended for being found in the company of Cornelius, when he was seized al Lady Anindcll's house

All were sentenced to death, the priest for high treason by reason of his character, and his companions for felony by assisting him ; but all were assured that their lives would be spared, if they would conform to the Protestant religion. The first to suffer was John Carey, a man of remarkable courage. He kissed the rope as it was put round his neck, and exclaimed •■ O precious collar," and then made a profession of his I-'ailh. Patrick Salmon, the next, was greatly beloved for his virtues, and before suffering admonished his friends and all those assembled, that the only way of securing their salvation was to embrace the Kailh for which he died. Thomas Bo.igravc, who followed, was a man of reading, and made a speech on the certainty of the CalhoHc Faith, which was listened to with attention, and without contradiction on the part of the minis- ters who were present. Lastl>' came the turn of Father Cor- nelius, who first kissed the feet of his companions hanging on the gallows, and Uicn saluted the gibbet in the words of St. Andrew : " O good cross, long desired ". He was not allowed to address the people, but took the opportunity of announcing that when in London he had been received into the Society of Jesus, and that his seizure had prevented him going abroad

3o8

MENOLOGY.

[JT7LT4.

for his novitiate. Aficr han^ng a while he w*s cut down and quartered, and his head nailed to the gallows, till it was re- moved on the remonstrance of the toftiispcoplc, who feared lest the judi^ment of Cod should fall upon tlicm, as they bad experienced on rormer occasions.

V. William The Venerable WlLU.\M ANHLEnV was a ^'"-^^^;,J^'gcnt!enian born at Elton, in Yorkshire, and Warcop.M.; educated with strong prejudices against the

Fulthorpe. Catholic religion, He led a careless and un- **:■ restrained life till the age of tiventy - five, when 1597! his curiosity led him to visit foreign countries. Arriving at Douay, he was desirous of seeing Dr. Allen, who had lately founded the English seminary in that University, not doubting thai he should be able to win him to the Protestant cause. They had a long conference on religious questions, after which Mr. Andlcby, although quite unable to meet Uic arguments proposed, showed no disposi- tion towards conversion. On taking leave, Dr. Allen had promised to recommend him to God in his prayers, and, wonderful to say, the next morning Andlcby returned, and, bathed in tears, humbly asked to be received into the Churcli. After this he entered the College, and after a probation of some years, in which he gave ample proof of piet>' and appli- cation to study, he was ordained and sent on the Mission in 1578. His missionary labours were in Yorkshire; and though he was zealous and utterly undaunted by dangers, he had the unusual pri\nlcgc of working nearly twenty years before his martyrdom. He devoted himself principally to the service of the |HM>r and abandoned, and spared no pains to render them efTectual assistuncc, going for the most part on foot, and carrj'ing in a bag the things needed for his mission. Mean- while the austerity of his life was most remarkable, spent in frequent watchings, and fa.stings, and continual prayer. At length tlK hoiir of his rcivard came, and he was arrested and tried on the usual charge of his priestly character and functions. His sentence was that of high treason, and he suffered all those cruel penalties at York.

JTn>Y6.]

MENOLOGV.

309

Together with Mr. Andlcby were executed two Yorkshire gentlemen, the venerable servants of God, Thomas Warcop and Edward FULTTlORrE. the former for having harboured and entertained the Martyr Andlcby, and the latter for havinf^ been reconciled to the Catholic Church.

Hii'. Challonc('« Mini, PricBlf,*©!. I. Archiv. WesCmoa, Chantpney, pp. Douay Duuict; WjKt- gog. 948: Cuilogutk

THE FIFTH DAY.

Af Burton-on-Trent, fAt deposiiton of St. Modwenna, Vir^n and Abbtss. — In various p<irls of Brittany, tht ftstivai of the holy hretha-s, ST. JaCUT and St. GuETHENOC— ^/hj tfu tnefNOfy of lltiir saintly parents, Fragan and GwEN, and of thtir spiritual guide, ST. BUDOC, alt of whom ivtre natives of Great Britain. — At Oxford, the passion of four vemrabU strfvtnis of God,Gv:QROZ Nicoi-S, Priest ; RiciiARD Yaxlev, Priest; and Thomas Belson and Humphrey Prichard. Laytnin, who shid tluir blood in drfenct pftht Catholic Faith,

St. Mod- Modwenna was an abbess in Ireland, the "*A^ ^■' fame of whose sanctity reached this country, and Uncutun. induced the King ^whether Ethciwulf or one of his successors is uncertain) to send his son, then suffering from some incurable disease, to recommend himself to her prayers. Through her intercession the j'outh was restored to health, and the King, out of gratitude, invited her to take up her abode in England. A little later, on the destruction of her own monastery in Ireland during the wars of tliat countiy, the holy Abbess availed herself of the offer, and on her airival in England received from the King the lands of Trcnsall, in Staffordshire. The prince also entrusted to her care his sister Edith, to be trained according to the perfection of the religious life. The Monastery of Poksworth, in War- wickshire, was built for the reception of this royal virgin, and in due time St. Modwenna left the government of it in her liandii, and retired to her cnvn house in Trensall. She made three pilgrimages to Rome, but spent the last seven

310

MENOLOGY.

[JTTLTO.

years of her life as a solitary on the island - meadow of Andrese)', near Burton-on-Trent, where there was a chapel dcUicated to St Andrew tlie Apostle. There she died at a very advanced age, and in that spot her sacred relics re- mained until the foundation of the Abbey of Burton-on- Trent, when they were translated to that church, which is" dedicated in her honour.

Besides St. Edith, the names of se^-eral other holy com- panions of St. Modwcnna have been recorded — Atmv, or ACKEA, who accompanied her from Ireland ; OsiTllA, who must not be confounded with St. Osith of Chich, who lived at ft much earlier period ; and Lina. All these in some accounts are distinguished as Sfiinis, but wc have no history of their acts or record of the veneration paid to them.

Therciimachobscurity in (he history of Sl Modwcnna. IctKemilhaitfae must be dinting I tJicd bom ot\o. oi pcihap* loo, other Inih Sainti. vrho appeal in Scotland ri it much cailici iljitc, with vcrj- limilai namiMi. Th« GrU of thete is Daicrca. BUTnamed Monenma, the Aicnd of Sl. BtidKcl, who crotsed ovei to Galloway and li\«d In a cave. She Is thought it> be the Kame ai St. Meclana, Maityi, whose legend is in the Aberdeen Breviary. Whether ii was At.ai Anolhei, 3l a subB«|ueiit period, who founded Lanfortin and t»\ otiici chuicliGc in Scotland is doubtful ; but thete is no reuion to tuppone thiu <tihcr of thete vm ever in England. The King who inviied Si. Modwcnna to England, stccoidin^ lo the mora common account, rva> Rihctwiilf. and his Bon, wbo waa healed by her piajetii. the grc^i Alfred ; but wmc wiiicia make tl to havt been Edward the Etdci. and othciii otjain place the event ai late aa EdgAr. It is rinpotiiible lo clear tht doubt, thouj;h the lust «tippo»'ition iwL-mv altc^Uia imptabable. The inscription of St. Modwenna'i *titine *ayi lliat »he died st Lnnfortin, but sl her own requett n-aa buried at Andreitry. and some ehionidea state that »tic visited ijcoiland ; but this may be a mistake Tot the caiila Saint of the NBtne name, and the inKrlption miist be too late to have much weight as an independent suil^otity.

ss. jacutMd St. Jacut, or JAGU, and St. Guethenoc,

■Sit"o"c'^ passing to the Continent from Great Britain in

A.D. company with their parents, were trained in the

**^'^ spiritual life by St Bud oc, and afterwards led a

solitary life of great austerity. The parish of Jagu is so

called after the elder of thcw brothers.

Their parents were Fragan and GwEK, otherttlse called BLAKCHE, who are venerated as Saints in Brittany, and have parishes called by their names. They are said lo have left.

JULY 0.1

Menology.

3"

Great Britain, when tlic island u-as abandoned by the Romans, and to have taken refuge with Conan Mtiriadcc, King of Brittany, who was their relative ; but particulars of their life are wanting. Their third son, St, Gutfnol^, or Wcnwaloc, the celebrated founder of Landcvenec, was bom after they had settled on the Continent

St. Buuoc, the spiritual master of this saintly family, was also a native of Great Britain, and had Red from the tumults which distracted his own country. Having chosen a favourable spot, he practised the exercises of the religious life together with a few companions, and moreover charged himself with a kind of .leminary, in which certain youths were instructed in learning and the practice of virtue. It was to his care that St Fragan entrusted his sons, with the true prudence of a Christian father.

V. Ceoree These four venerable Martyrs were all arrested

vl^Ridiard ^' '^*^ ^^^ ^^"^^ '" ^^'^ house of a Catholic widow YiiKi*y, M.; by the officers of the University of Oxford, and V. Thouuw ■ I , . , \^ ».

Bclson M.; were tried and executed together. (jEOKCE NICOLS

PriSlT'ilP ^'^"^ ■'' '''**'^'^ "^ Oxford, and a student and priest of A. D^ ' the College of Rhcims, from whence he was sent on *^" the Mission in 1583. He had the character of a man of great learning and extraordinary virtue. During the six years of his mission he was instrumental in the conversion of many souls, among whom was a notorious highwayman, converted to the Faith by his Catholic fellow-prisoners, and reconciled by Mr. Nicols to God and the Church on the very morning of his execution.

The Venerable Richard Yaxlev belonged to a gentle- man's family in Lincolnshire, and was also a priest of the College of Kheims. He was sent to England in 1 586, and being placed in the same neighbourhood with Mr. Nicols, and a much younger man than he, always regarded him as a father. The Venerable Thomas Belson was a Catholic gentle- man who had come to Oxford expressly to visit Mr. Nicols, bis ghostly father, and the Venerable HUMPHREY PRICItARD was a servant at the Catherine Wheel, the inn at which they lodged. The prisoners were severely examined b>' the Vice-

MENOLOGY.

[JULY ft.

Chancellor, and acknowledged that they were Catholics, Nicols freely adding tliat he was a priest They also had to submit to a controversial discussion with certain disputants of the University, in which Nicols was so successful, that all argument was abandoned, and the charge of treason only maintained. Orders were then sent from the Council to bring the Confessors to London, whither they were conducted with the greatest possible ignominy and cruelt>'. The Secretary, Walsingham, himself presided at their examination ; but being unable to make them betray their fellow-Catholics, ordered them to different prisons, where the two priests were submitted to severe torture for a length of time, but all in vain. It was then resolved that the four should be executed together at Oxford, the priests being convicted of high treason and the laymen of felony, for aiding and abetting tliem. The good widow, their hostess, was also tried and condemned to the loss of all her property, and perpetual imprisonment.

The Martyrs were dragged to the place of execution in the u.'tual manner. The two priests, after professing their Faith, attempted to speak to the people, but were not allowed to do so. George Nicols was the first to suffer, and Yaxley, before mounting the ladder, had the consolation of embracing his dead body, and recommending himself to his prayers, Bclson also suffered with great constancy and cheerfulness, and said it was a happy thing for him to die in company with these holy men. The same may be said of the plain, honest Welsh servant, Humphrey Prichard, who for twelve years had done signal service to Catholics in those evil days, and was now rewarded with a glorious death.

St. Modwenna. SS. Jacut, Ac.

Cats. 59, 86- Call. Anclcnl Calx, of Brittany.

Mart. K (in Scotia). Kiit. LobSneau, Sainta dc Sicisgnc,

Ltf. Tiom.. fol. 159* ; Capgr., fol. i., p. 87.

tgbb ; Nov. Leg., tot. ij^ ; Whiif.

Sat.; W. I and i; Chal. Hiti. Higdcn, Polycbr., A.D. 836 ;

L>ni£4n. Hiat., lii., p. 41; Hi«-

uwijMi of Scot., xlii.. pp. >8s, a^,

■nd notcai Du^oJe MonAst., ii.,

p. 362.

Mixtyrt. Hilt. Ooiiiy Diaries : Challonei's

M<§a. Piictts, vol. i. Ribadincita; Ycpci. Archiv. W«tinon.,Champn«3r,|i.868.

JULTBL]

MENOLOGY.

3»3

THE SIXTH DAY.

At Ely. //(*• <i€fvisition of^T. SexburGA, Widow, tk4 steend Abbtss of ffiat ntoftasUry. — On Tower Hill, tht passion of Ihe iUwlrioHS Martyr, the liltssed THOMAS More, Knigkt, and some time Lord ChattceUor of England. — At Tyburn, the martyrdom of the wmrabU servants ofGed, TlIOMAS ALFICLD, Priest. fl«rfT»OMAS Weulkv. Layman, tvho suffered death for rejecting the spiritual supremacy of Queen Elizabeth.

St Stttbiirga. Sexbukca was the daughter of that most jLD^* religious prince. Anna, King of East Anelia. She <99- was the cldctit child of a family of Saints, the most illustrious of whom w;w St. Ethcldreda, the foundress of Ely. The others were St. Withburga. a religious at Derhanfi, in Norfolk, and St Ethelburga. Abbess of Brie, in France. Sl Sctbryda, also Abbess of Brie, was their half-sister. In her youth Scxbur^,^ was married (o Erconbcrt, King of Kent, by whom she became the mother of two other eminent Saints, Ermingilda, the wife of Wulfhcre, Kiiijj of Mercia, and Ermen- gola. Abbess of Brie. After the death of her husband, Sex- burga resolved to embrace the religious state, and made her profession at Ihc Monastery of Milton, on the Swale, in Kent. She undertook a splendid foundation at Minster, in Sheppey, the building of which was not completed for thirty years.

Mean while, her dauj;htcr Ermingilda also became a widow, and came to join her mother in Kent, and, following her holy example, took the vows of religion in the same house of Milton. Wlien the new abbey was completed, Scxburga had a vision, in which an Angel revealed to her tlic future calamities impending over the kingdom from a barbarian invasion, upon which she resolved to quit her place of authority, and live in obedience under her sister Rtheldrcda. She called her daughters together, commended them to tht merciful keeping of the Lord Jesus and the holy Angels, and placed them under the conduct of Ermingilda. She hastened to Ely, where she was welcomed by the holy Abbess, and with the fervour of a novice resumed the exercises of a religious

314

MENOLOGY.

[JXJLY8.

A.D. '5»

life In the year 679 she was chosen to succeed her sister aa Abbess, and sixteen years later had the unspeakable conso- lation of discovering her uncorruptcd remains, and solemnly translating them to the Abbey Church. The deposition of St. Scxburga is noted in the Benedictine Martyrology on the day before the nones of July.

In the year 1 106 the sacred remains of St. Sexburga ^vcre solemnly translated, together with those of her sisters, Ethel- dreda and Withbur^a, as well as Ermingilda, by the Abbot Richard, on the 17th October.

Thoimu Thomas More was the son of Sir John More, Kt^Mfcrt ""^ °^ ^'^ Justices of the King's Bench. He was bom in London in the year 1480, and was edu- cated with great care, first at a school in the city, and aftcrft'ards at Canterbury College. Oxford. He then studied law at New Inn, when he was admitted barrister, and appointed public lecturer, having from the commencement of his course given proof of those great talents and that virtuous life, for which he was ever afterwards so conspicuous. The great success of More in his profession attracted the attention of Henry VIII., who called him to the Court, and for many years .showed him cvcrj' mark of confidence and fa\x>ur, and found the greatest pleasure in his learned and witty conversa- tion. He conferred on him the honour of knighthood, chose him for many important employments, made him Treasurer of the Exchequer, and finally, on the fall of Cardinal Wolseley, nominated him High Chancellor of England, being the first layman who held that dignity. Moreover, the King would visit him privately at his house in Chelsea, and spend long hours in his company. These honours were always distaste- ful to the servant of God, who delighted in a retired, domestic life, in study, and, above all, in his practices of piety and mortification. I n such works he never relaxed : he had a chapel in his house, but on festivals attended the parish church, and in a .surplice would join with the clerics in singing the Office and Mass.

More was twice married, and had a family, to whose

JULY e.]

MENOLOGY.

3^5

education h« devoted all possible care. His reputation was spread over Europe, and he was in correspondence with learned men of many lands, by whom his writings were held in singuUr esteem. In his own country he enjoyed the same r^ard, as a layman, as was accorded to Fisher among the clergy, beinfi considered the most distinguished of the nation both for learning and virtue, and for his most disinterested course of life.

His reverse of fortune began with the question of the King's divorce, antl was completed by that of the ro)'aI supremacy in things spiritual. When the King consulted him about the divorce. More plainly declared his conviction that the marriage with Queen Catherine was valid ; and then, sewng the course things were takinc, thought it best to retire from public life, and obtained leave to resign the Chancellor- ship. This reduced him to poverty, as he had never availed himself of the opportunities lie had Ijad of acquiring wealth ; but this u-as a real cause of joy to him, and never was he more cheerful than when he talked with his family on their change of fortune. His lidclit}' to his conscience in the matter of the supremacy was the cause of his being sent to the Tower, where he was confined for a year. Every effort was made to shake bis constancy, but persuasions and threats were in vain. At his trial he answered with caution, and maintained that he was not bound to declare his opinion, if there had been nothing illegal in his acts. Nevertheless, sentence wa.i pro- nounced apainst him. and he declared his firm conviction that the spiritual suprcmac>' in tlit Church was conferred by Christ on St. Peter and his successors, the Roman Pontiffs- The execution of More was deferred For a while ; so that when told of the martyrdom of Cardinal Fisher, he shed tears, in the apprehension that he was not to share in tlie crown which be so ardently desired.

But nothing lc»s than his death could appease the ferocious King, though aware of the bad impre-jsion it would produce in tlie countrj- and abroad. The 6th July was the day fixed; and after taking leave of his beloved daughter, Margaret Roper, and others of his family, he was led to Tower Hill,

3t6^

MENOLOGY.

[JULY 7

and there beheaded, with every sign of fervent piety and holy joy. On his way a good woman had offered him a cup of wine, but he refused it, saying : " Christ in His passion drank no wine, but vinegar and gall ". His body was buried in the chapel of the Tower, and his head, after remaining for a time on f j)ndon Bridge, was secured by his daughter, who after- wards buried it at Canterbury, where it still remains.

V. Thomas The Venerable Thomas Alfield, a native of

**^d V** ' Gloucestershire, received his education and Holy

Thomas Orders at Rheims, and was sent on the Mission

*A?6. " in ' SSi- He was arrested on the chaise of circu-

*58S- lating certain copies of Dr. Allen's Modest Anszver

to the English Persecutors, a book written in refutation of

Cecil's calumnious writinjr, entitled justitia Britanica. The

Venerable ThoM/US Webi.ky, a dyer by trade, assisted Alfield

to procure these volumes, and the two were tried at the same

time. In prison they were most severely tortured, apparently

in order to make them aclcnowledge to whom the books had

been distributed. Tlicy were both convicted, but with the

offer of pardon if they would renounce the Pope and accept

the Queen's headship. On their refusal they were executed

the day following tlie trial.

St. Srvburga. Calf. 9, ij, i^. it, sy, fit, 6^, 67, ;o,

71. roj, 105. MarU. H. I, K, M, P. Q. R. Ltg. Tinm.. fol. 304) ; Capgi., fol.

ajs* ! Nov. Lej[., fol. 27811 ; Whitf.

Su.i W. I >nd3i Chal. HiiU Bcda, iii., c. 8; iv.. c. 19. Ancient MS. (Cockayne, vol. iii.). p.

431. Tbomu of Ely (Anglia Sac i.. pp.

M»bill.. Acta SS. Bcncd. (Life of St. EUwIdreda), pp. yxi, 719, jjj.

B. Thomas More. Hiit. Stowc : W'ilson'i Catalogue

(A.D. 1608). Sander, Schism (Engliiih Kant.), p.

I». Modem Urit. Man., p. 45. Various Live*.

V. Mailyia. N'ttt. Conccitalio, fol. ivj; Cbad-

lon«r~» MiM. PdcM», vol. i. Douay UioriH. Atchiv. Wcitnion., Champncj'. p.

Sl3L

THE SEVENTH DAY.

At Llan-IItut, or Llantwit, m Glaimrgamhin, t!u festival

of St. Iltut, Confessor atid AAiot.— At t^e Monastery of Old

JULY?.]

MENOLOGY.

317

Melrose, oh the Tweed, in the iin/^iiom of Northtmbria, tfu dffosiliou of St. BoisiL, Con ftssor and Abbot. — W^ Winchester. the diposidon of St. Heuija, Bislwp and Confessor.— At Farc- inouticrs, m the dioctse of Meattxjht dtposiiion of St. Ercon- COTA, Virgin and Abbtss. — Aho at Faremoutiers, tht deposi- tion of St. 'E.rw^L^lSViGA, Virgin and Abbess.— At Eichstadt. in Bavaria^ tfte deposition of St. WilI-IBald, Bishop and Con- fissoK — At Cunterbufy, the soiemu translation of the sacred relies of ST, Thomas the Martyr, Archbishop of Canterbury. ^A t Winchester, Ike passion of the z'tnerable sen^ants of God, Roger Diconson, Priest, and Ralph Milker, Layman, who suffered for the Faith under Queen Elisabeth.

St. Iltut, ILTUT was born in Great Britain of very noble

Vn" parents, his mother being the daughter of Saloman, 470c- King of Brittany. From his youth he was dis- tinguished for his great abilities and succcssrul studies, and was chosen to be principal minister of the King of Glamorgan. By the persuasion of Sl Cadoc, however, he was induced to sacrifice his worldly praipects and retire to the Abbey of Llancarvan, where, having received the monastic tonsure, he gave himself wholly to God and the study of the sacred Scriptures. In the course of time he founded another religious house, afterwards known by his name as Llaniltut. In this undertaking he was greatly asiiistcd by St. Dubritius, Bishop of Llandaff, and from the first it was marked by the special blessing of God. Soon it became the fruitful mother of many Saints. There were trained St. David, St. Samson, St. Fol de L(*on, St Magloire, St Gildas the Younger, and other great servants of God. Whether St Iltut ended his days in this holy retreat or not is very uncertain. There is a tradition that he went over to Brittany and fixed his dwell- ing in a solitary cave, where he gave up his sou] to God ; but the account is not well supported by evidence, though it is not unlikely that he may have visited St Samiion at D6Ie. In the twelfth century the relics of St. Iltut formed a part of the great treasures of Glastonbury ; but this is no proof that he died there, as the sacred remains of the Saints were

MENOLOGY.

[JULY 7.

brought to that sanctuary- Trom all parts or the world. The head of St. lltut was, however, carried to llrittany, as it seems, and, having escaped the ravages of the Revolution, is still honoured in the parish of Landcbaeron, in the diocese of D61c. His festival is observed in parts of Brittany on the 7th, 14th, or i6th of November.

St. Boisil, St. SoisiL was a priest and monk of Melrose,

*'''a.I) ' '""*^" Eata,whom he succeeded as Superior when 664- the latter became Abbot of the mother-house of Lindisfarne. He was distinguished by a special gift of prophecy, as welt as by his knowledge of the Scriptures and his holy life. It was his privilege to be the spiritual master of the great St. Cuthbcrt. When that Saint first arrived at Melrose, and w'as alighting from his horse, Sl Boisil pointed him out OS a future illustrious servant of God. He bestowed especial pains on his religious tr-iining, and in after years St. Cuthbert delighted to say how much he owed to his counsels and example. He was still under his government when St Boisil was called to his reward, having already predicted the terrible pestilence which afflicted the whole country that year. When his own day drew near he told his disciple that there only remained seven days. St. Cuthbert thought he was alluding to some study which had to be finislicd in tliat time, and said : "What then shall we read?" Boisil replied : "St. John; and I have a copy in ten sheets which we shall finish in the time ". So it was> and at the end of a week St Boisil gave up his soul to God. In his last conference with St Cuth> bcrt, he Cold him of his future promotion to the See of [.indisfarnc, and this wa.s the chief reason why he yielded to the entreaties of King Egfrid and the prelates assembled at Twyford. that he should undertake the heavy charge. After his death St. Boisil appeared in a vision to the companion of St. Egbert, in Ireland, to declare that it was not God's will that Egbert should himself embark for the German Mission, as bis ivork was to be among the children of Columba, in the isle of lona.

JULY 7.]

MENOLOGY.

3IS>

St. HtdiA. Hedda succeeded I^thairc as Bishop of the ®P-^^*"^'Wcst Saxons in the year 676. and governed that 7QS- extensive diocese fur nearly thirty years. He was a monk and an abbot at the time of his promotion, but tt is uncertain what was his inonastcT>*. Having received epis- copal consecration in London from St. Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, Hcdda at first established his residence at Dorchester, In Oxfordshire, but after a few years obtained permission of Pope Affatho to remove the Sec to Winchester, and to translate to ttic same place the relics of St Birinus, the first apostle of the West Saxons. St. Hcdda v/as held in high veneration by St. Theodore, who would not suffer the division of his diocese, already determined upon, to take place during his lifetime. Thcgrcat King Ina also had the highest esteem for htm, and mentions him as one of his principal advisers, in the collection of laws which he promulgated. St Hcdda was one of the earliest benefactors of Malmcsbury Abbey, on which he settled a portion of land. In the year 70s the Saint was called to receive the reward of his long and fruitful labours. After his death, his tomb was the scene of many miracles, as was attested to St. Bedc by Pccthclm, Bishop of Candida Casa, who had had ample opportunity of assuring himself of the fact&

St Ercon- Erconcota was the daughter of Erconbert, * Tb'" *^'"e o*" *^<^"*' ^y his wife, St. Scxbui^a, the

660 Q. daughter of Anna. King of East Anglia. At that time there were but few convents for women in England, and many noble Virgins, called to the religious state, passed over to France, particularly to Farcmoutiers-cn-Brie, to Chcllc3, near Paris, and to j'Vndclc)'-sur-Scinc, near Rouen. Ercongota, following her divine vocation, was sent to the first- named of these places, and thither also went her two aunts. St. Sethryda and Sl Ethelburga, who successively became abbesses after the death of the foundress. St. Fara.

St. Ercongota wa.s held in the highest veneration in her adopted countiy, where she was considered a model of c%'cry virtue. Many prodigies were related as having taken place

320

MENOLOGY.

[JULY 7.

at the time of her death. She was divinely forewarned- that her end was near at hand, by a vision in which she saw a number of strangers entering the convent, declaring that they bad come to carry away the golden coin which had been brought from Kent Upon this intimation she visited all the sick sisters in their cells, and commended herself humbly to their prayers. On the very same night, when daybreak was approach jnp.'thc brethren in their part of the monastery saw a multitude of Angels go in and return with the soul of the Saint, shining amidst a brilliant light. It was at that moment that St Ercongota was translated to the joys of Paradise.

Her sacred body was buried in the Church of St. Stephen, and when, after three days, it was removed to a more honour- able position, a heavenly fragrance issued from the open grave, tilling the brethren and sisters who stood around with wonder and devotion.

St. Eihcl- Ethelrurca was the daughter of the good

^^hhisa' ^'"g Anna of East Auglia, whose privilege it was A.D. to be the father of four illustrious Saints. Having ■ received the grace of a religious vocation, she xvas sent, with her half-sister St. Scthryda, to the Abbey of Brie in the diocese of Meaux, during the lifetime of its foundress. St Fara. There she served God with singular purity and holi- ness of life, and in the course of time, Uiough a foreigner, was chosen Abbess. It was the desire of St. Ethelburga to erect a new church in the monastery in honour of the holy Apostit and there to be buried ; but when the work was scarcely half completed she was called to her eternal rest. According to her wish her sacred body was laid in the unfmished church, but the building was discontinued. After seven years it warj resolved to abandon the project altogether, and to translate the remains of the holy Abbess to the Church of St. Stephen, which was already solemnly dedicated. On opening the tomb they found the virginal body entirely free from corruption. The sisters vested the precious remains in new garments, and bore it with great joy to the place prepared for i t. St. Bcdc testi- iics that in his time the festival of the Saint was kept with great

JULY 7.]

MENOLOGY.

321

splcndouron the 7th July, the day of her holy death. In France the Saint is still honoured under the namcof Saintc Aubi^rg^.

St WiHilMUd, Wllj.lliAl.li was the son of St Richard, coiu- ^Ad! ' monly called theKing.and brotherof St. Winibald 7»- and St Walburga. He \V3S an Englishman, born about the year 700, and, as it would seem, in the kingdom of Wessex. At the age of three years sickness brought him to death's door, but his pious parents presented him before the cross, which, according to the custom of the English nobles, was erected in their domestic place of prayer, and, having vowed to consecrate him to God, had the consolation of seeing him restored to perfect health. His early piety corresponded with the grace he had received, and as soon as age made it possible, he retired to a religious house. Willibald was about twenty years of age when he was inspired with tl»e earnest desire of visiting the holy places as a pilgrim. After some difficulty he persuaded his father and brother, and, according to some, also his stitcr St. Walburga and a number of their relatives, to accompany him. The pious company set sail, and first directed iheir course lowMrds Rome, lo visit the shrine of the holy Apostles ; but when they had reached Lucca St. Richard was seized with sickness and taken from them, to complete his pil^jrimage in llic eternal rest of heaven. Willi- bald and Willibald continued their journey, and after some lime spent in Rome, where they ob.scrved the severe discipline of strict religious, they parted, and Willibald with his com- panions took his way to raltslinc- Amidst the scenes of our Lord's life and passion they spent seven year* in satisfying tlwir devotion ; and it is mentioned that Willibald, who had lost his sight for two months, was miraculously restored while praying in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre On iJieir return to Italy, Willibald took his course to Monte Cassino, apparently with the intention of ending his days at the tomb of his holy father St, Benedict. This, however, was not the design of God's providence ; for, after living as a monk of that house for ten years, he obtained the Abbot's lga\c to pay a second visit to Rome, when a new sphere was opened to him,

21

323

MENOLOGY.

[JULT 7.

and new duties imposed by ihe Vicar of Christ WilHbald had several intcn'icws with St Gfcgorj- III., to whom he re- lated the events of his long sojourn in the Holy Land ; after which the Pope, recognising in him the necessary qualifications for such a mission, bade bim go to Germany, to join his fellow- countryman, St. Boniface, in the con\«rsion of the multitude of souls still deprived of the light of Faith.

St. Boniface gladly welcomed his new fellow -labourer, and sent him at once to Eichstadt, a place which had been just given up to him for a religious establishment, having ordained him prie.1t before putting liim in posscsiiion of bis charge. At Eich- stadt Willibald began his work with the zeal of a SalnL He established the rule of St Benedict, according to the accurate observance be had learned at Monte Cassino, and which he practised faithfully himself ; and his labours in general were so fruitful that -St Honifacc, using his tcgatinc jurisdiction, ap- pointed him Bishop of thatplacc,and conferred on him episcopal consecration at Wurzbui^, when he was only forty-one years of age. From that time to the close of his long cpi-iicopalc, the pastoral zeal of the holy Bishop allowed him no rest day or night He was incessant in preaching the Word of God, and rousing the slothful, worldly hearts of his people to higher thoughts and aspirations ; and so abundant was the blessing which attended him, that we are told that "the field hitherto dry and unfruitful soon nourished as the vinej.-ard of the Lord". St. Willibald was called to his reward at an advancetl age and buried at Eichstad t, bis sanctit)' being proved by many miracles. He has ever been venerated as an apostolic man and a great Saint ; and his relics have several times been translated with great solemnity. In England the festival of St Willibald is now observed on thegtb July, by concession of Pope I>co X H I.

The account of St. Win:bild'ii life, and the uagcn of h'n pilgrimage in the f loly l.And, wat wtiitcn by a nun of Heidcnhcim. a relative of liis. wbo tud learned it from iiisown lipt.

TruKUbon of Fifty years af^cr his glorious passion, the sacred

^ bJ!*m!^' ^*'''*^=^ of St. Thomas tii e Martyk were removed

A.D. with great pomp from the spot in the Cathedral,

where he had been buried, to the noble $hrine pre-

JULT 7.] MENOLOGY. 323

pared for him at the east end of the same church. The festival was the most magnificent that anyone living could remember to have witnessed in England. There were present Pandulph the Papal Legate, King Henry I II. (who had just been crowned at Westminster), three Archbishops, a number of Bishops and nobles, not only from England, but all parts of Europe. The munificence of the Archbishop, Stephen Langton, had pro- vided for all, and the celebrity of the great Martyr was more widely spread than ever. The anniversary was ordered to be kept in England as a festival, and is still observed among us, with the rite proper to the secondary feast of a principal patron.

V. Roger The Venerable Martyr ROGER DiCONSON, a

"lljaph ' "ative of Lincoln and priest of the College of

MilnerM., Rheims, was sent on the Mission in 1583. We

1591' have no particular account of his labours, or of his

apprehension and trial ; but we know that he was condemned

to the penalties of high treason simply for being a priest, and

that he suffered with admirable constancy.

The Venerable Ralph Milner was a native of Flacsted, in Hampshire, a married man with a family of eight children. The crime imputed to him was that of succouring the Martyr Diconson, but the judge, out of compassion to himself and his family, offered him a pardon, if he would but once go to the Protestant worship ; but the holy man, with great fortitude, reproved him for giving him advice so contrary to the maxims of the Gospel.

At the same assizes, at Winchester, seven maiden ladies of good families were also condemned to death for harbouring Mr. Diconson. The judge, however, thinking it was enough to have terrified them by the sentence, granted a reprieve and ordered them back to prison. Upon this they burst into tears, and humbly begged that they might share in the punishment of their spiritual father, as they were partakers in his supposed guilt, expressing their confidence that God would give them strength to suffer in His holy cause.

324

MENOLOGY.

[JULTa

St. Iltut. Leg. Tinm., fol. 374a ; Capgr., fol.

153*1; Nov. Leg., fol. iSjn; Whitf.

Add.; W.2; Chat. (6 Nov.). Hiit. Mabill., Annals, vol. i. Lobineau, Saints de Bietagne, i., p.

66.

St. Boisil. CaU. 13a, c. Marti. M, Q. Leg. W. I and 2 (Jan.) ; Chal. (5

July). Hilt. Beda, iv., c. 27, 28; v., c. g\

Vita St, Cuthberti, C. 6, 8 ; Mabill.,

Acta SS- Bened., vol. ii., p. 850, St. Hedda. CaU, II, i&, 95. Marts. Rom., L, P, Q, R. Leg. Whitf. Sar. ; W. i and 2 ; Chal. Kill. Beda, iv., c. 12 ; iii., c. 7 ; v.,

C. 18. Flor., A.D. 705.

Malmesb. Pont., ii., § 75 ; v., § 223. Haddon and Stubbs, Councils, iii., p.

127.

St. Ercongota. Leg. Whitf. Add. ; W. i ; Chal. {15

Feb.). Hist. Beda, iii., c. 8. St. Ethelbuiga. CaU. 24. 64 (?), 67. Maris. L, Q, R, Leg. Whitf. Sai. (Ethelbnrga, called

Albeiowe) ; W. i and 3 ; Chal. Hist. Beda, iii., c. 8.

St. Willibald. Marts. Rom., H. Leg. W. 1 and 2 ; Chal. Hist. Mabill., Acta SS. Bened., wc.

iii., pt. 2, p. 330. Tians. St. Thomas. Cats. I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7. 10, 12, 13a. b, e,

18, a4, 26, 37, 39, 41, 48, 54, 56, 58,

59. 63. 64, 91, 92, 95, loa. Marts. I, K, L, M, P, Q, a Leg. W. I and 2 ; Chal. Hist. Continuat. Hist, Croyland, Gale

(Feb.), i., p. 474. Martyrs. Hist. Douay Diaries; Challonei's

Miss. Priests, vol. i. Archiv. Westmon., Champney, p.

885; Catalogues.

SUNDAY AFTER THE TRANSLATION OF ST. THOMAS.

T/ie Festival of Holy Relics, observed with great devotion en this day by our ancestors in many parts of England, and now restored to us by concession of Pope Leo XIII.

THE EIGHTH DAY.

At Derham, in Norfolk, the deposition of St. WITHBURGA, Virgin. — At Winchester, tlte deposition of St. Grimbald, Confessor and Abbot. — At Glastonbury, t/te pious memory of King Edgar, buried in tlie Abbey Church. — At St Thomas' Waterings, the martyrdom of the Venerable GRIFFITH CLERK»

jui-Ta]

MENOLOGY.

32s

Vicar of Wandsivorih, -with his chaploitt and urvant ; also of the VenerabU N. Maire. supposed to /nn<c been a Franciscan Friar, ail of whmn uvre cruelly pat to death, in the year 1^39, for refuting to ackncmUdge the spiritual supremacy of King Henry VIU.

St. With- St. Withburga was the youngest daughter *"!iK>^ ' ^^ ^'"S Anna of East Anglia. Her three sisters

743 c and her half-sklcr are ail in the Calendar of the Saints, and the young Withburga made it her work to emulate their holy example.

As a child she was brought up at Holkham, where sub- sctiucntly a church was dedicated in her honour; but when her fathtr fell in battle she took refuge at Derham, where she at once began to devote herself to the practices of the reli- gious life. For some time she was sustained on the milk of a hind, which was providentially sent day by day for her maintenance.

She persevered in the same course of life to the end, and was buried in the churchyard of the parish. Fifty years Lxter her venerated body was removed to the church ; and in the year 974, when Edgar was King, the Abbot Brythnoth carried the sacred treasure to Ely. Lastly, on the 17th October, 1 106, ttie Abbot Richard solemnly translated St. Withburga and her sisters, St. Kthcldrcda and St. Scxburga, as well as St Ermenilda, to the new monaster}'. On all these occasions, the body of St. Withburya was found intact and free from all corruption, as several eyewitnesses liave testified.

St. GfimlMld. GrimBAMJ was a native of Flanders and a ^^d"*^' '"onkof St. Benin's. King Alfred had become 903- acquainted with him on his journey to Rome in his early youth, and when he was established on the throne called him. as well as other learned foreigners, to Knglanci to promote good Jcarning among his people. Grimbald was especially noted for his knowledge of the Scriptures and his

326

MENOLOGY.

[JtTLTa

skill In music, and was sent to Oxford to direct the schools recently set up there.

The jealousy and oppasition of the masters who were already in possession, obliged him to quit Oxford, and he retired to Winchester, where he continued to enjoy the esteem and reverence of the King.

By his advice. Alfred projected the foundation of the new Minster in that city, a work which he left to be com- pleted by his son Edward. Grimbald was placed ai the head of the nc\v religious establishment, with the title of Abbot, though, by his own request, the church was served by secular canons.

Here the holy man died, at an advanced age, on the 8th J "lyi 903, after spending eighteen years in England, and was buried with marks of great honour. From that time he was regarded and venerated as a Saint. His relics were exposed by St. Elphcge in a silver shrine.

St. Eihclwold removed the cuioni Eiom the new Minuter, nnd placcil laonke in iheii »tcad. In the reign of Menty 1., the monantcrVa n'hich was found to be inconvonlenily close to the old Minnter, was removed to a «itc out' ■ide the city wallK, and was called Ilydc Abbey.

King Edfu-, Edgar, one of the most powerful and best '^' beloved monarchs who have ever reigned in this island, was the younger son of the illustrious King Edmund, and succeeded his unhappy brother Edwy, when only sixteen years of age, as King of all England — having first ruled in Mercia and Northtimbria, which had separated themselves fmm the re.';t of the realm. The chief counsellor of Edgar was the great St. Dunstan, to whose administration all historians attribute in no small degree the glories of his reign. In those troublous times he was able to preserve perfect peace, and earned the title of "the peaceful King"; strict laws were decreed and vigorously enforced, and the people were prosperous and contented. All the princes of the island, Welsh and Scots, were subject to him, and on one occasion eight of these petty kings rowed Edgar in a boat

JULY a]

MENOLOGV.

327

on the Dec, while he took the helm and directed their course.

The most glorious of his achievement!!, however, was tlie restoration of religion, which had fallen .so low during the Danish wars. Many were the monasteries rebuilt and refoundcd by him, and not a few the new ones, which his zeal led him to erect; while he was ever ready to support the measures of Dun.stan and other holy prelates for the revival of the ecclesiastical and monastic spirit, and the spread of pious practices and Christian morality among the people.

Yet, unhappily, the private life of this great man was stained with grievous vices, at least during part of his reign. In his love for his prince, St. Dunstan did not forget his duties as a pastor. He sternly reproved the young man's sin, and iraposed a penance of seven years' duration, which obliged him to fastings and to abstain from wearing his crown. Whether on this account or some other, the fact is that Kdgar was not solemnly crowned until a few years before his death. To his immortal honour, he patiently submitted to this humiliation, which gives us good ground for thinking that an inward reformation corresponded with his outward conduct. Kdgar died at the early age of thirty years, and was buried at Glastonbury, an abbey which enjoyed special proofs of his bounty and protection. Among the Saints of God many have been illualrious penitents ; and wc cannot wonder that his grateful subjects were disposed to regard this great king as such, or that he has this title in some of the ancient chronicles, though no corresponding honours were paid to him in public. This impression was no doubt con- firmed by the discovery of his body in a state of perfect preservation in the year 1052, and by the quantity of fresh blood which flowed from it when irreverently wounded in the process of placing it in a new receptacle. Miracles also were reported on the same occasion, and in consequence the re- mains of the King were placed over the altar, together with the head of St. Apollinaris and relics of St. Vincent, the M artyr. which he had himself presented to the Church.

338

MENOLOGY.

[JULY 9.

St. WiihburgiA. Call. >4, 57, 67, 71, 105. iSawti. Q, K. l^g. Tinm,. hi. aoso; Capgr., fol.

J5&ft ; Nov. LcE- Sis'* ; VS'liitf.

Sar.; W. i and l; Ch«l. {19 July). ffhl. Mllmc«h. Poilt,,<v. Thomiu of [Cly CAnglla S>ct.. loin.

i.), pp. 105. 117. SU GiimbaJd. Cab. 3. 3. 10. It. 14. 15. 18, J7. 41,

47- *4i 95' ""• Morlt. 1, K. L. M. P. L<g. Tinm., fol. lojo; Capgi., toi.

17511; Nov. Leg., fol. 1670; Wliitf.

Add. : W. t and 9 : Chal. Hill. Malmcib. Pont., it., | 78; Rc^t

Simeon Dunelm [Twyid. Col., Ija]. Ldond, Collcci.. i., p. iS. Mabill., Acu SK. Bencd., txe. v., p. J.

Edgai. Ltg, Nov, Vtg., fol. 534^ ; W. ■ and

3; Chil. Hitl. Mitlmwb, Rcj;., ii. Simeon Duiidm., CtroLReg. (TwyjiL

Col., 159). Marl^Tii, tiitt. Wilson's Caulogue (a.o.

1608). Bridgwvu'aConccrutla; Siowe. Sander. Schism (Eng. trani.). p. i^t. Modern Biil. M»ft.

THE NINTH DAY.

Ai Everingham, (« Yorkshire, tki dtposition of St. EVERILDIS, Virgin.

St Everttdis, After thc conversion of Cyncgils, King of ^i^^ Wessex, by the ministry of Sl Birinus. the Chris- 700 c tian Faith began to spread in his territory, and amnng the converts were persons of noble birth. In the course of time one of these illustrious families was blessed with a daughter of .singular merit and holiness, whose name ■was EvEBILDIS. While she was still young her fame spread abroad in thc province; but it was her purpose to^ withdraw from thc world, and shun the praises of men, and accordingly she received in secret the monastic veil, and resolved to leave her people and her father's house. Setting j out on her journey, the holy Virgin, on her knees, implored I the divine guidance in her arduous undertaking, and had scarce finished her praj'cr when she was joined by two other

JULiY lOi]

MENOLOGV.

329

Virgins, Bcga and Wulfreila, who entertained a like design, and gladly associated themselves with her. The three journeyed on till they reached the spot, which the providence of God intended for the place of their settlement It betmged to the Bishop of York, and was then called the Bi:thop'3 farm ; but the great St. Wilfrid, who then ruled that See, approving of the project of the little band of Virgins, freely bestowed it upon them, and the place began to be called Everildisham.

The sanctity of the three strangers soon attracted a num- ber of pious souls around them, and it was not long before a monastery was well established. In the lifetime of the Saint the community sometimes consisted of eighty, and sometimes even more. She persevered in her good work till her course was run, when her Divine Spouse, by means of a short and slight attack of fever, called her from the midst of her sisters to enter the joy of her Lord.

ThcGollandiMn give ihe lessons of the York Breviary .butnithovx knowing whence ihey wMe uken. They quettion iheir kulhorilj-. on ihe tsuppoillion ftwt ihey tepruent St. CHm-ald and St. Wilfrid at contemporaciea, which in foci tlicydoairf.

Cats, a, 17. aj. Uorli. M, Q.

£.<tr. Challonec : Voik Brev. tiitl. Boli., vpl. xaviii., p, 713,

THE TENTH DAY.

On Tower Hill, tendon, the martyrdom of ike Venerable Adrian ForTESCUE and the Venerable THOMAS DlNCLEV, h6tk Kmgkts oftlu Order af St. John of Jerusalem.

V. Adrian Sir ADRIAN FoRTESCUE was attainted in

^"^t^** Parliament in the reign of Henry VI U., for

^Tlw>m« denying the King's spiritual supremacy, and was

5i^. put to death on Tower Hill, together with Sir

»539- Thomas Dixglev, another Knight of the same

Order, who sulTcred for the like cause.

\ii»i. Wilion'* CalalogiM. Modetn Brit. M«fi.

Stowe. p. 577.

330

MENOLOGY.

[JULY 11.

THE ELEVENTH DAY.

At Lincoln, the passion of tlu Ventrabli TuOMAS SpROTT and the Vaxcrable Thomas Hunt. Pritsls and Martyrs, who suffered /or the Faith und^r Elizabeth,

V. ThoiiiM The Venerable TllOHAS Si'ROTT was bom v!"-?^,^' "^^i" Kendal, in Westmoreland, and received his Hnnt, M., ccclcsJastical education at the College of Douay. idoo. ^^ ^^^^ ordained and sent on the Mission in I59(j- The Venerable THOMAS HUNT was a native of Norfolk, and became a secular priest of the English College at Seville, from which place, on the completion of his course and his ordination, he was sent to England, He had already been once apprehended, and committed to the prison of Wisbeach Castle, but. with five others, had been able to effect his escape. In the month of July, 1610, Sprott and Hunt were together at an inn in Lincoln, when tlie oRiccrs of justice came to search the house in quest of certain malefactors who had recently committed a robbery. Hearing that these two were in the house, unknown to anyone, and living for the most part in ihcir own chamber, Ihcir suspicions fell upon them. They were accordingly arrested, and put to an examination, in which they aci^nowledgcd that they were Catholics, and did not attend the Protestant Church. As it was the time of the assizes, they were immediately arraigned ; and though there was really no proof that they were priests, the judge insisted that the jury should return a verdict of guilty, which they did with obvious repugnance of conscience. The two Martyrs joyfully thanltcd God for so great a benefit, and freely pardoned their persecutors. The Protestant ministers attempted to cany on a disputation with them, buti were so defeated that the magistrates bade them hold thdr" peace. It is not known on what day the execution took place, but it was in the month of July.

Ifiit. Challoiici'j Mil*. Piiats, toI. i. Acchiv,\Vc«inon.,Chanipre)r, p.ggo, Wmibin^ion'* Relation of SiNtwn Catalogues.

M)tTt]'».

JULY la.] MENOLOGY. 331

THE TWELFTH DAY.

At St Thomas' Waterings, the blessed utartyrdom of tlte Venerable JOHN JONES, Priest and Friar of tfie Order of St. Francis.

V.John Jones, The Venerable JOHN JONES, otherwise called ^JJq'' Buckley, belonged to a gentleman's family of >5^ Clenock, in the county of Carnarvon. It is not known where he was educated or when he was ordained ; but he is named as a secular priest in a list of prisoners at Wis- beach Castle in 1587. Having escaped, or in some other way obtained his release, he went abroad, and was received into the Franciscan Order. About 1 593 the holy man returned to England, and laboured with great success for three years, after which he was again captured, and kept in prison during two years more. In this interval he was able in some measure to continue his mission, as many persons resorted to him, to the great benefit of their souls. To put a stop to this, Top- clifTe caused him to be arraigned for high treason. While he repudiated the charge of treason, he owned that he was a priest, and had come to gain to Christ as many souls as he could. When his sentence weis pronounced, he fell on his knees and gave thanks to God. Mr. Barnet and Mr. Wise- man were also tried and condemned for assisting him, but were not executed. The Martyr was executed at St. Thomas' Waterings, where, the rope having been forgotten, there was a delay of an hour, which he spent partly in prayer and partly in speaking to the people assembled. He was allowed to hang till he was dead, but afterwards quartered in the usual manner, and the quarters sent to different places, the head being exposed in Southwark. These relics were afterwards removed by certain Catholics, not without great peril to them- selves. One of the quarters was preserved in the Franciscan Monastery at Pontoise, where he had been professed.

H'nt. Challoner'e Miss. Priests, vol. i. Archiv. Westm. ; Catalogues. Stowe.

333

MENOLOGY.

[JTTLT la

THE THIRTEENTH DAY.

^U Shirbume, //re traiu/afim o/St. Jutiiware, Fffyw. — At Minster, in the hie of Thantt. the deposition of ST. Mildred, Virgin and Abhtss. — At Norwich, tlu fxtsiiott of the venerable sert-ant of Coif, TlIOMAS TUNSTAL, Pntst, who suffered martyrdom under King James I.

SL Jutlmmre, St. JuthwaRE >vas the sister of St Sidwcll, jTOf' the Virgin and Martyr, who is honoured at Exeter 7D0C. on the ist August. Two other sisters, Edware

and Willgith. arc also venerated as Saints. The>- are supposed

to have been of an ancient British family, and to have

flourished about the year 700.

St Mildred, St. Mildred was the second daughter of ^Q Mcrcwald, a prince of Mercia, and his wife St- 7^5 c. Ermcnbui^a or Domne\'a, her sisters being SL Mtlburgaand St. Mildgytha. When St. Ermcnburga returned to Kent to arrange the foundation of the monastery at Minster in Thanet, which was built in expiation of the murder of her brothers Ethclrcd and Ethelbcrt, Mildred cither accompanied her or followed soon after. She had early given proofn of a vocation to the religious state ; and that she might be more perfectly instructed in its obligations, her pious mother sent her to the Abbey of Chcllcs, in France, whither other noble English ladies betook themselves at this time for the like purpose. At Chelles the young Virgin had much to endure, and, being still in the secular habit, was so persecuted with the addresses of a certain young nobleman that she was compelled to take flight Till she could meet with an opportunity of rccrossing the sea, she found refuge at a place now called Millam. in French Flanders, where she is still venerated in a chapel dc<)icated to her memory. Great was the joy of St Mildred when at length she reached the shore of Kent, and warm the welcome she received from her holy mother. With great solemnity, and according to the prescribed rites, she was received into the community, consisting at that time of^

JULY la] MENOLOGY. 333

seventy virgins, on which occasion St. Theodore was the celebrant. It would appear that before long St. Ermenburga resigned her charge into the hands of her blessed daughter, as in the year 694 St. Mildred attended a council held in Kent under the title of Abbess of Minster. Of St. Mildred's reli- gious life, we are told how great was her humility, how fervent her devotion in psalmody, how frequent her fasts. In the words of the earliest record of her life, it is said : " She was not, as nobly bom men now are, filled with presumption, nor with worldly pride, nor malice, nor envy, nor opprobrious words ; she was not calumnious nor a wrangler ; she was not a deceiver in any of those things which seemed to her good. She was merciful to widows and orphans, and a comforter of all the poor and aflflicted, and in all respects of easy temper and tranquil." St. Mildred went to her eternal rest on the 13th July, and was laid beside her mother, St. Ermenburga. After a few years, a new monastery and church, dedicated to Sl Peter and St. Paul, were built by her successor, St. Edburga, and thither were translated the sacred relics. In the year 1030, a second translation took place, from Minster to St. Augustine's, at Canterbury, through the influence of King Canute. The new shrine of the Saint became the resort of many pilgrims and the scene of many miracles.

In the course of time, but under what circumstances it is not known, the sacred relics were removed to Daventer in Holland, and there greatly honoured in the same shrine with those of St. Lebuin and St. Marcellinus, English missionaries ; but a small convent of St. Mildred having recently been erected a Minster, a portion of this sacred treasure was most happily brought back to her ancient home on the 29th May, 18S2. The translation was effected by the priest of the church at Daventer himself, with the sanction of the Archbishop of Utrecht, and a Plenary Indulgence granted by Pope Leo XIII.

V. ThoniM The Venerable Thomas Tunstal, who was

^""Sd, ""' ^so known bythe name of Helm ES, was descended

ifiidt from an ancient family of Lancashire, afterwards

settled in Yorkshire. He was educated at Doua>', and sent

334 MENOLOGY. [JULY la

on the M[ssion in the year 1610, but was soon arrested, and spent four or five years in different prisons. At length he made his escape from Wisbeach, by means of a rope, which so grievously wounded his hands as to lead to his immediate identification, when soon afterwards he was found in the house of a friend in Norfolk. At his trial he was condemned on the sole evidence of one perjured witness. When he heard the verdict, he fell on his knees and thanked the Holy Trinity for so great a grace. Having refused the judge's offer of pardon, on condition of his taking the oaths, he was the next day dragged to the place of execution. Throughout these pro- ceedings he showed no sign of fear, even by so much as a change of countenance. He was not allowed to address the people, but prayed fervently for his false accuser, the King, and, the whole nation, and for the conversion of all to the true Faith. Being asked whether he was a Jesuit, he answered that he was a secular priest, but had made a vow to enter the Order of St Benedict, if it could be done, and therefore petitioned that his head might be placed over St. Bennet's gate, which was accord- ingly granted. His exclamations were most fervent, and the Most Holy Name of Jesus constantly on his lips, his last words being : " Jesu, Jesu, have mercy on me ". The specta- tors were sensibly moved by his Saint-like death ; many shed tears, and all spoke kindly and compassionately of him.

St. Juthware. SL Mildred.

Marls. Exeter, L (Withware, V., M., Cah. 5, 6, 9, 12, 25, 26, 40, 41, 46, 47, 10 June). 48, 52, 54, 56, 6a, 64, 65, 77, 80,

Leg. Tlnm., fol. 20811 ; Cap^., fol. 83, 102, 105.

163a ; Nov. Leg., fol. 2030 ; Whitf. Marti. H, K. L, P, Q, R Add. ; W. I and 2 (23 Dec.) ; Chal. Leg. Tinm., fol. 206a ; Capgi., bA. (21 Dec). ig4n; Nov. Leg,, fol. 3326; WbitC

Hlit. Oliver's Monasc. Exon., Add. Sar. ; W, i and 2 (20 Feb. and 13 Suppl-.p. 38. July); Chal.

Hist. MS. (Cockayne), vol. iiL, p.

43g ; Flor. Genealogies. * Malmesb. Reg., iii., § 76; ii., j 215 ;

Pont., i., } 2. New Life of St. Mildred, Anon.

Ven. Thomas Tunstal. Hisi. Douay Diariei ; Challoner'a Miss. Priests, ToL iu

JULY 14.] MENOLOGY. 335

THE FOURTEENTH DAY.

At Canterbury, i/ie deposition of St. Deusdedit, BisJwp and Confessor. — At Daventer, in Holland, the translation of St. Marchelm, Confessor, by birth an Englishman. — At TyhMTn, t/u passion of tlu Venerable Richard Langhokne, Lapnan, Martyr, put to death out of Jiatred to tlte Catliolic reli- gion, but on tlu false cliarge of Oates' pjpt.

St. Deiudedit, St. DeusdediT was the sixth Archbishop of **^1d!^" Canterbury. On the death of St Honorius, the fifi*- last of the companions of St. Augustine, who governed the Church of Canterbury, the Metropolitan See re- mained vacant for a year and a half, after which time St, Deusdedit was chosen as his successor. He was a native of the kingdom of Wesscx, and before his elevation was known by the English name of Frithona. St. Deusdedit received episcopal consecration at the hands of Ithamar, the holy Bishop of Rochester, and presided over the English Church for upwards of nine years and a half He was called to his ever- lasting rest in the year of the general pestilence, and expired on the 14th July, the same day as Erconbert, King of Kent

St-Marchelm, St. Marchelm, otherwise called Marcel- ^J^"' LINUS or Marculphus, was an Englishman, who 76a c. in early youth went over to Holland and joined his fellow-countrymen who were labouring for the conversion of the pagan people. St. Willibrord was still living when Mar- chelm arrived, but authentic dates will not allow the supposition that he was one of the Saint's original companions. He and another English youth called Marcwin were confided to the care of t}ie Abbot St. Gregory, disciple of St Boniface, and his successor in the administration of the diocese of Utrecht They accompanied their master and St Boniface to Rome, when the latter went to receive episcopal consecration in 738. St Ludger, who was a fellow-disciple, while relating this, speaks of Marchelm as a holy and most religious man. In later

33«

MEXOLOGY.

[JULY 14.

years, when Gregory was invested with the administration of the diocese, he chose Marchelm as the associate of St. Libuin to preach the Gospel to the mixed races on the river Isal. Here the two Saints laboured with abundant success in the extirpation of idolatry and the reformation of manners, and it was in the same district at Oldensee that St Marchelm was called to his heavenly recompense. His sacred remains were afterwards translated to Davcnter, and laid in repose beside those of St. Libuin.

In the forged life of Si. SuIJbcit, MucclUnus (the Buppoud author) is mide to Ciill himself one of ihe eleven otiginal compxnioneof St. Witlitiioid, but Itieic is no oihci luchotity for th« xiie«rtion, which docs not agnt with otbet cetuin facu.

V. RiehATd The Venerable RICHARD LANOHOIiVE was

L^n^omc, ^^^ eminent counsellor at law, and being well A.D- known as a zealous Catholic, as well as an upright, '^^ religious man, was among the first whom Oatcs caused to be arrested on the charge of the plot which he had himself invented. Mr. Lanyhorne was cloaely confined in the Old Bailey for eight months, and then brought to trial, at the time when the mad fury against all Catholics was at its height. The consequence was that he was convicted on the most extravagant and incredible evidence of his accusers, but was reprieved for a month, in the hope that he might be induced to make disclosures as to the plot He spent the interval in writing a speech which he intended to deliver at his execution, and which was afterwards printed, and in com- posing some pious meditations, to prepare himself for his impending death. To the last he protested his entire inno- cence, his firm adherence to the Catholic Church, which he *aid was clearly the motive of the accusation brought against him, his forgiveness of his enemies, and his prayers for the whole nation. His death was most tranquil and pious; he kissed the rope as it was put round his neck, recommended himself to the mercy of God, and fervently exclaimed: " I am desirous to be with my Jesus ".

JULY IR] MENOLOGY. 337

St. Deusdedit. St. Marchelm.

MarU. H, Q, R. Marfi. Rom.. H.

I.^;. Tinin,,roL 20S&; Capgr, {burnt, Leg. W. i and a; Chal.; Utrech but in Cat); Nov. Leg., fo!. 865; Brcv. Suppl. Wbitf. Sar. (15 July); W. i and 3 ; Hist. Mablll., Acta SS. Bened., exc' Chal. (30 June). "'■ (vol. ii., p. 234), Vit. Suidbert.

Hilt. Bcda, iii., c 20; iv.,C. I. Mabill., Acta SS. Bened., ssbc. iii.

Mabill., Anna], torn, i., lib. xv., c. (vol. ii., part z, p. aSg), Vit. S. ^O, Gregorii.

Ven, T. Langhome. Hist. Challonei's Miss. Priests, vol.

ii. Printed Trial ; Baker's Chronicle.

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

At Polesworth, m Warwickshire, the deposition of St. Edith, Abbess. — At Winchester, t/ie translation of St. SwiTHIN, Bis/top a7td Confessor, whose deposition is on tlu 2nd of July. — At Monkentorp, in Sweden, the festival of St. David, Confessor and Abbot. — At Berg, tiear Ruremond, in Holland, the deposition of St. Plechelm, Bishop and Con- fessor.— At Eymoutiers, in the diocese of Limoges, the festival u/St. PsalmodiUS, Confessor and Hermit.

St Edith, St. Edith was a member of the royal family

UoM^iiiiL ^^ Wessex, antl was entrusted by her brother, the King of England, to the care of St. Modwenna, to be trained in the ways of religious perfection, according to her holy vocation. The Monastery of Polesworth was built for her reception, and after she had been duly exercised under her saintly mistress, she was chosen Abbess of the same house. There she served God in great holiness of life, and brought up a community of religious women, faithful followers of her example Her sacred relics were honoured in the church of the same place, which was afterwards dedicated to her name.

It i* difficult to detennine whether there wag one St. Edith of Polesworth, m whether there may not have been two or even three of the same name.

On the one band, we know that Edith, or Eadgyth, was not an unusual name, and that many of the ancient Englith princeuet embraced the monastic

22

338

MENOLOGY.

[JTJLTia

•tale, ind that il ii by no mun« impOEMble that two or three oi the (itally in succcttive {^nerationn nhouM liavc icliicd lo the Kome house. *nd that '' one of toyal foundation.

On ihc oihct hand, i I !>i, pci hap h. more probable that ditTcicnt annalUt*,. Bttdint; an nnceitdnt)' as to tUlcs. vboulil liavt euppontd different king* to 1 the Eniher and brother of ore and the same Eduh. AecofdinEly. we do not find that any one ancient writer mentions more than one Edith o( Poleiwoilh, but that Knne place her iinilci one reign and oihecs under another.

I. The eajlie?it of ilic three Edithit of I'oleswotih ii Nud to be the daaigbtct of Egbert ttnd Kihicf of Kthclwolf, who invitcid St. Modwenna to En|ilaLt>d, and placed her under the care of that Saint. Thii is. perhaps, the moti cootmon opinion. U i« that of Htgdcn, Potyfh'., an. 8j$ ; of the Feifcn MS. In Dog- dalc'H Motastie. \tA. il., p. .lOl.

II. The Mcond Edith tit ttated to have been the daughter of Edward the Elder, iind Kistcr of Ailicluan. According to this O[i1nioii, it ia conjectured that she may have been the unnansed sisier whom the Kin^ save in marriage to Sithtic. the Dane, and «ho became a widow within a year, and may have ictircd to Poteawoith. There m, liuwevcr, no proof that Aihcl^tan tnay not hat« had another unmarried SMier called Edith.

III. The third Bdiih ■■ called the titter of E4gat, which ^uggeata a wv- picion that Ihere may be a confuaion with Edith of Wtllon, the ilaugkttr of Edgar. Vet Goicclin. in hit life of the lallet, >pcal» of the holy example the had in her aunt. Edith of Palc»worthi and Spto it. the founder of Button Abbey, in hi« »-ill spealcA of Edilh of Tamuotth (who w-ns probably one of the Ediths of Poletiworth) tw ilie relative of King Ed^jai.

Tmns. of St. SwiTHiN passed from this world to the ^Bp^CooT' heavenly kingdom in the year 863. Al his own AD. request he had been buried under the open sky, '^ that the rains of heaven might fall upon him, and that he might be trodden under foot by those who jjasscd along the way. In truth, his humble petition seemed to have been fulfilled, and the memory of the holy pastor, of his virtiici and his miracles, had almost perished, when, more than a century afterwards, God ivas pleased to reveal the glory of his good and faithful servant. The Saint appeared to a poor but pious artisan, who lived by the labour of his own hands, and charged him to go to St, Ethclwold, then Bishop of Winchester, and tell him to effect the translation of his relics, which tvould be a treasure more prcciitu.s than pearls, by the number of miracles which he would work. lie then gave him a sign that the mission was a true one — namely, that he, and none but he, should be able to raise the stone which

JTILY 15.]

MENOLOGY.

339

covered the grave, with case and without assistance. St. Ethelwold readily obeyed, and the tomb was opened amidst a crowd of spcctitors. who brought their ofTcrings and com- mended themselves to the Saint. AH obtained their desires, and numbers of miracles were worlced, in gratitude for which St Swithin from that time wa-t cal!ed the Pious — that is. the fatherly or compassionate Saint The translation was solemnly performed by St Ethelwold, with the assistance of the Abbots of Gtastonbur)' and the new Monastery of Win- chester, and the Saint w.i.s laid with honour in a fair sepulchre within the church.

The miracles did not cease, and the monks had become almost weary and negligent in attending those who came to seek relief, when they were recalled to their duly by a threatening vision of the Saint himself. This translation took place on Friday, 15th July, 97a

St. Psalrao- According to the tradition of the diocese of

*"^d''''' Limoges, PsALMOniJS was a native of Great

600 c. Britain, who lived at the time of St Gregory

the Great, though he is not mentioned in the records of our

country.

He was brought up in learning and piety by the holy Abbot St Brendan ; but, desirous of a hidden life, he with- drew to the Continent and fixed his dwelling at Saintcs. St Lcontius, the Bishop of that place, greatly honoured him for his piety, and was a witness of the miraculous gifts which he soon began to exercise. The holy man, however, fled from the applause which these wonders excited, and took refuge in the solitude of Eymouticrs, in the diocese of Limoges. The only drawback lu his happiness in this retirement was the extraordinary grace of miraclfti, which attracted .so many persons to his cell, and which he earnestly besought God to withdraw fn)m him. It was in the same place that the Saint passed to his eternal rest, and there he still receives the honours due to his holy life. The name of Psalmodius was given to him from his habit of constantly reciting the Psalter,

340 MENOLOGY. [JtJLT 15.

but wc atv not told by what appellation he was known in the world.

St David, St. David was a native of England, where he ^p" became a Kcncdictinc monk, as it is said, of the iosa9rio(S5c. Congregation of Clugny. He was remarkable for his piety, and one special grace with which he was favoured was a holy longing for martyrdom. It was after hearing hoi the nephews of St. Si't^frid had been cruelly put to death at^ Wexiow that he resolved to go to Sweden, in the hope of meeting the same blessed end. He was gladly received by St. Sigfrid, who placed him at Sincnga, since known as Monkentorp. There David established an abbey, over which he presided in great holiness, serving God in a spirit of tender compunction, and favoured with a special gift of tears. But the martjTdom he sought was enjoyed only in desire; he lived to an advanced age, and at length, full of good works, resigned his soul to God in peace.

Miracles are reported of him, as well in life as after deal and the place where his sacred remains were laid was pcnc trated with the sweet odour of sanctity. In some Calendars his feast is placed on the 25lh June, which may be the day of some translation.

St Plechetm, St. Pi.ECHKLM throughout life was the con- ^/ld! ' slant friend and associate of St. Wiro, and it may 710 c, be presumed that he ivas of the same country, which, according to the testimony of Alcuin, was the North of England. The two Saints travelled together to Rome, when they were obliged by the Pope to receive episcopal consecra- tion, and then sent back to serve God in Britain. For some time they exercised their pastoral function, but in what locality wc do not know, or whether it was in distinct dioceses or by one as auxiliary to the other. Their desire for soli- tude induced tlicm to renounce the charge as soon as possible and take refuge in a strange land. On the Continent they were well received by Pepin of Hcrista), who gave them Berg for the place of a religious house There St. Plechelm re-

JULY 10.)

ME\0I-OGY.

»<

maincd, in company with St Wiro and St. Odger, until death separated the friends n-ho had loved one another so tenderly in life. The Saint attained an advanced age and great sane* tity of life: He was buried in the church of Bei^ ; and at a Inter period translated to Rurcmond, where hh (estival has ever been devoutly observed.

Some wrilns. perhaps milled by the paeaila-Maicelltnnt, have Utoi Plccbcln to be the •amc vilh Pcctl-.clm. Biiboi) of Cutdtda C»m ot Vi'itberBC mentioned by St< Dcdc Botlaadiu, !u]W'c%'ei. ibou-m that luch onwx he the cafe Plecbeliii wu itill soveining hit church when Bcde wroie in 731, and accordini; to Plotcnce died in ;jj. uhcrcA* PIccbcIm tttitpi to HotUnd la the tiinc or Pepin or HerUul. who wai dead bcfon ih*i dtlc.

St. B<lhh. t-tg. White Sar.; W. 1 and 9;

I^g. Tbir) (quoted by [>o|^le, vol. ChaL

ii.); ChaL (13 May, lU Ed>(h):

1\V. I and 2 (tj July, -mi Edith) i W. 1 and I (14 May. jtd Edith): Chal. ( 16 Se[4.. jrd Edith). HUl. Hidden, Poiych/., a.d. 836; 8o1L(i5 Julyand i6ScpL); Ducd. MonML, II, p. j6a; viir., Addi- dona. Trant. St. S«tiliin. C^. i.4>5< 9> »• i^< ^<> 15- t8, 24, J9. 54. S6. 65. 67. »M. Mart*. H. I, P. Q. R,

//iif. Ualnieib. PociL, ii., | 75; Sijneon Mndin. (Twytd, Co)>, i6g).

St. Pufanodiui Leg. pT<i|viaRi ef Lhneget Bceviuy.

St. David. i^f. W. I and a ; Chal. Hiti. Boll.(4t)>v>l.orjBly),lol.io8i Notes froR) Vutoritii.

St. Plechetm. Mart. H.

Ltf W. t and a ; OuL «i»(. BolL (4ih »ol. ofjily), p, 5«.

THE SIXTEENTH DAY. /« /A? <//(V/j£ o/" St. Pol-de-UJon, in JMltony. the depcii- tioH of St. Tknbnan, BisJiop and Con/tisor.—in (ht Island of Jersey, the /to/y mim<>ry of St. HelIER, Martyr and IUrmit.~ y^? Oakham, m Rutland, t/ie /ttssioH of i/u VentrabU JoilN LfON, Layman, wiw suffind fc-r tlu Faith under Elisabitk, — W/ Warwick, (he martyrdom of the VtnerabU JoHN SUGAR, PrUit, and ifie VenerabU Robert Grissold, Layman, viha Vitn put to dtatk at the same time in defertt4 of the Catholie f^aith, under King James J.

St Teneiiaii. St. Tenenan, also called TiNlNOR, was bom

^A-D. " of pious partints in Great Britain. Ht fully corrc-

feS- sponded with the care talccn in his txlucation, and

was distinguished for the innocence and purity of his life, his

342

rOLOGY.

[JTJLT Ifl.

love of study, his delight in all exercises of piety, his liberal almsgiving, and his spirit of mortification. Tencnan was ordained priest, and aoon afterwards began to feci an irresb- tible longing for a life of solitude To satisfy this holy passion he bade farewell to all he had in the world, and took refuse in a forest in the diocese of L^on, in IJrittany. There he enjoyed much peace for a season ; but after a while his sanc- tity and hu miracles became known and attracted crowds (o his cell, in spite of the dense forest, which might have seenned to render the approach impossible. The issue was that ivhen the Sec of LiJon became vacant, the whole people insisted on having the Saint for their Bishop; and that he, after a fruitless resistance, was constrained to yield to their desire. He ruled his flock with that perfection which might be expected from his holy life, until called to his everlasting reward. It is uncertain whether he died at St. I'ol-dc-L^on or at Ploa- Benncc, a church he had built in the forest, where his relics were long preserved.

St. Heiier, ST. Helier wos a native of Tongres. and the 6th CMtliTT ■"*"" ^^ pagan parents; but being cnnvcrtcd to the Faith, be was seized with the holy desire of emu- lating the perfection of the Anchorites, and for this end asked counsel of St Macoul,an illustrious abbot in Normandy. The Saint ad\iscd him to retire to the Isle of Jersey, in which he found only thirty inhabitants, one of whom, who was a para- lytic, he healed immediately on his arrival. For his abode I lelier chose a cave on the summit of a rock of difficult access, and there devoted himself to a life of rignrous austerity and prayer, After he had been there three years, his ma.stcr St. Macoul paid him a visit, to the mutual consolation of both. When his holy course was drawing to a close, our Ulesscd Lord intimated to him that within tlirce days he should receive his crown. At the expiration of that time a band of pirates landed on the island, to whom the holy hennit would have preached the gospel of Jesus Christ ; but instead of accepting the good tidings thej' cruelly put him to death. His death is placed in the sixth century.

JULY 10.]

MENOLOGY.

343

V. John Uon, The Vcucrablc JoHN LiON, a layman of Rut- f^_^ land, was conticmned to tlie [wnaltics of high '59?- treason for denying tlic spirtual .luprcinacy of the Queen, and suffered at Oakham. The authentic Acts of his maityrdoin. referral to in the ancient catalt^ucs. are supposed to have perished, and no particulars of the circumstances arc known.

v.johB The Venerable JoiiN Sugar belonged to a

vFRob«t" well-known family at Womborn, in Staffordshire, GriSBoM. M..and wasbroufjht up a Protestant. Aftcrhiscarly ifaf studies at hume, he was sent to Merton College in Oxford, and was already prepared for the degree of Bachelor of Arts, when difficulties of conscience about the oath of supremacy obliged him to leave the University. Still he was not converted to the Faith, but served some little time as a minister in his own county, and preached against the Catholic religion- Soon, however, God mercifully visited his soul, and brought him to renounce his erroi-s and to true rc- [wntance. He went over to Douay College, and after two years of study was made priest and sent on the Mission in the year i6oi. He laboured chiefly amongst the poor Calliolics in the midland districts of England, and was remarkable for his great chanty, his holy and mortified life, as well as his spirit of prayer. He was arrested on the 8th July, which happened to be Relic Sunday, in the year 1603, and sent to Warwick gaol, together with a young man who was acting as his guide at the time of his seizure. There he was left a whole year, until the summer assizes of 1604, when he was condemned by Judge Kin^mill to suffer the penalties of high treason as a seminary priest. He called upon all to re- joice at his happy lot ; and at the scene of execution exhi- bited the greatest constancy and piety. He forgave aJI and prayed for the King, and turning towards the people said : " I die willingly, for I shall get a place of joy, I beseech Jesus to receive my soul, and the Angels and Saints to accompany me to that blessed place. J desire to be dissolved and to be with ChrisL" John Sugar was the first to suffer for the Faith

344

MENOLOGY.

[JULY le.

under King James I. He was cut down white yet alive, and the barbarou-s sentence executed to the letter.

The Venerable Robert Grissold was a gentleman's servant, an unmarried man of most irreproachable life, kind to his friends, most devout in his religion, and constant in his profession of the Catholic Faith. It was his delight to devote himself to the service of the missionary priests, and he was actually attending Mr. Sugar in one of his journeys when he was arrested with him. One of the constable's party was a cousin of Grissold's, and gave him the choice of escaping, if he would ; but he declined it, hoping that he might be of service to (he priest, in the presence of the magistnite, to M'hom he was known. They were both committed to Warwick gaol, and remained there a year before the trial came on. During this interval Grissold refused all the opportunities of escape which were offered, that he might continue to serve the holy priest. At the assizes the judge repeatedly offered him his freedom, if he would but promise to go to church, and renewed the proposal after his sentence ; but nothing could shake his constancy, und he was condemned to death for felony, the charge being that of assisting a priest in his mission. The soul of the holy man was filled with joy. and he invited the Catholics in prison to thank God with him, and to persevere with constancy in their faith. Grissold stood below the gallows while Sugar was undergoing hi.s sentence, and though naturally timorous, was able to thnnk God that the sight in no way terrified him. The blessed man died most piously, in charity with all, and praying for all. He called all present to witness that he died purely for the cause of religion, and invoking the name of Jesus, gave up his soul to God.

St. Tenenan. LtC' Propriuni <A (be Diocese or Lion. Hill. L.obincdu, Saints de Bictagne, ii,. p. 7». St. Hdi«. Ltg. Propriuni tjS DioccM «r Cou- tancet.

Ven. Jolin LJ«n. Hill, Chall^ncr'i M'xt*. Priert*, ro). i. Aichiv. Wuttnan. : CaulogUM.

Ven. John Siig.ii and R. Grisaotil. liitt. Wilion'iC>uloeuetA.ci, i6oS};

Raitsiii*' CAtoJogue : Clulloner'i

iim. PrioU, vol. ii.

JULY 17.]

MENOLOGY.

MS

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY.

Ih England, according to tht tnodtnt CaUndar, tfu ftstival ef^T. OSMUXD. Bishop and Confessor, tvlwse de/^sition is on flu 4ih of Diccmber, and whose fmasIatioH loot phu on tht i6tk of fttiy.—Al f/u Abbey of Winchclcomb, in Ghucfster- shirt, the passion of St. Kbselm, King and Martyr. — In Wales, Ike festival of St. CvnLLO.

St. Kenclro, St. Kexelm was the son oT Kcnulph, the '^*5f'u'*- excellent and powerful King of Mcrcia, who in Bat. some of the ancient chronicles himself bears the title of Saint. Kenelm was but seven years of age when he succeeded to the throne, and his reign was cut short by the criminal ambition of his sister Quendrcda, or Cyncthryth, This princess persuaded herself that if the blessed child were removed by death, the sovereignty would fall into her hands, and accordingly she induced his tutor, whose name was Ascobert, to perpetrate the crime. The wretched man led the young Saint into the forest of CIent,«ndcr the pretext of seeing a chase, and there unseen by men cruelly put him to death. He was buried under a thorn, and none knew ivhat had become of him, until the guilty secret was revealed by divers pro- digies. Among others, it Is related that a parchment referring to what had happened was miraculously placed on the altar of Sl Peter's at Rome, and that the Pope communicated the in- tclliiiencc to the kings and prelates of England. Thercu jKsn the sacred rcWcs were discovered, and borne with great honour to Winchclcomb and laidjbcsidc the remains of his father Kenulph. The unis'crsal devotion of our ancestors towards this child Martyr is proved by the number of ancient calendars and martyrologies in which his name appears.

St. Oonund. Qai. (Tnuit. 16 July), i.,44,101, Mtat, {Tiani. iCJuty], K.

St, Kenelm. CaU, I, ). 4. 7, 9, ij, 14, 15, i8, 37. Le^. Tinm.. fol, logji ; Caj^., fol. 30. !!■ 54. 5&. 58, Gi. 63,64.63,95. 166A: Nov. Leg., fol. 106A; Whitt MarU. H, 1. L. 1', Q, K. Saf. ; W. i «nd » ; Chal.

Hiit, MiilDiMb. Reg., ii.t | ill! Flor.

St. Cynllo. C<d. 91.

J46

MENOLOGY.

[JULY la

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY.

At Plougrcscant, near Trignitr, in Brittany, iht fistival of St. Gonek[, Confessor and Hermit. — At Aylesbury, /« Bmkinghantihirc, tin tieposifien pf ST. Edburca, Virgin aiut Ai>l>css, atti the commentcration cf her sisttr, St, Edith, also Virgin and A^4s.

SL Gooeri. St. Goneki, the hermit, was a native of Great 6ih*CiHrtufy ^"talii, and a priest, wlio withdrew to Brittany to seek a life of solitude. His fir^l rcticat was near Rohan, in the diocese of Vanne«; but his miracles having dUcovered his sanclit)', he quitted the spot and took refuge in the district of TreyuJer, where he lived in perfect seclusion till the time of his biesaed deatli.

There IS an ancient chajX!! at Plougrescant built over the place of his burial, and in it are still preserved with veneration considerable portions of his sacred relics.

St Edburpi. The holy sisters, Edbukga and Emrif, ac-

St E^th V ^°'''^"'B t*^ 'he common account, were daughters

A.D, of Frithwald of Surrey and his wife Wilburga,

daughter of King Fenda, and consequently sisters

of St. Osith, Ihc virgin Martyr of Cliich, in Essex.

They both despised the good tilings of this present life, and fled from the worldly advantages which were oifcred them, devoting themselves to the monastic state in the Abbey of Aylesbury.

They had for some time tlie cliarge of Osith, who would seem to have been their younj^r sister. In this retire* ment they scr\-cd God in the perfection of the religious life, and were held in the highest veneration for their sanctity, both before and after their blessed passage to eternity. The sacred relics of St. Edbui^a were subsetj uently translated to a place about a mile from .Aylesbury, afterwards called Edburton, and there were held in honour by the people to a late period.

JULT IOl]

MENOLOGY.

34?

Lcland. rioR) a Ma Lijt of St. Otilh. call* thne littm tbe aw»U of SL 0«iih, >ail ihcy vicn) evidently conBidetably oldet, *■ ihey hoi! thechuge of ha cdacalion. If they vrcre hct unta. Ibcy migtil be tilher tinm of Frilhwald or or hiti wife Wilbiitgft. danghttr of i'cnda ; and ii may be noticed llut in a document not rappoaed to be authentic, Weda, ot Eva. and Edbutga trc tncn- lioncd a* diughiot of Penda, and ace vaid to have been ouccvwivcly AbbcMu of DDmiincaMet. VVcda in tbi: name given by Malmcibufy to Pcad*. MU)Of Fcnda.

St GoneiL Lit- rropriumofDioccKaof Vannc*. K Tiignict. Quimpcf.

^^^ //iif. Lobinsau, Saint* d« Bntagne,

SS. Edl>urga aivd Edith. Cat. (Edbvrga), 13. U.a-1. (Edbufgal. Q. £.•7. W. J and 11 ChaL WrH. BolL. vol, 1., p. 36. Lcland, Icin.. viit., p. 41; ColUct.. V,. p, igi Camden.

THE NINETEENTH DAY. /« l^n^on, iiu passian of t fie VcNtraMe XiiroViV BrOCKDV, Martyr, Prifsl 0/ the Holy Order 0/ St. Franas, who, after cruel tortures, was strangled wit/i his own tord, uttdtr Ihttry VIII.— At West Chester, th« martyrdom of tht VcmrabU William PleksINGTON, Priest, tvho died for tht Cafhoiii religion in the reign of Queen Rlisabtth.

V. Antony The Venerable ANTONY liROCKBV, or BkoR- Brockb^, M..„g^,_p^;^.^^ ^^j f^jgj. ^|- ^1,^ Order of St. Francis,

1537- was a learned man and eloquent preacher, and had studied theology in Oxford, and some s.ny had been pro- fessor in that Umvcrsity. On one occasion, while preaching in the Church of St. Lawrence, in London, he was led to inveigh in strong terms againitt the recent measures of Henry VIIl. against religion. In consequence of this he was thrown into prison, and racked in the most cruel manner, to induce him lo retract his \^-ords; but it wax all in vain, and his con- stancy rcniaincrl unshaken. The torture was «o extreme that all his bonc» were dislocated, and he was unable even to raise his hand to his mouth. In this state he remained for five- and-l\vcnt>' days, being fed by u poor old woman who charitably came to visit liim, At length an executioner was sent by the King, who i.traiiglcd him in prison with the cord of his ou'n Franciscan habit.

348

MENOLOGY.

[JULY 20.

V. William The Venerable William Plessingtos was ^'^Mi'rt'*^' '*''" "'^'"^ Garitang, in Lancashire, and belonged A.0-' to the ancient and loyal family of the Plc^singtons JiW- (jf Plcssington, near Blackburn. He was educated at the English College of V'alladolid, and after his ordination sent cii the Enfilish Mission, his place of residence bang generally the house of Mr. Masscy, of I'uddington, Cheshire. On the evidence of certain informers, Plessington was arrested and condemned, merely on the charge of his priesthood, with- out any reference to Oatcii' plot, thougli it was the lime when the popular excitement on that subject was at its height He was kept in prison nine weeks, and then brought to execution at West Chester. He made a speech to the assembled crowd, in which he professed his religious faith and acknowledged his priesthood, but vehemently denied that there could be anytliing treasonable in his sacred cliuracter. He died most piously, commending his soul to the mercy of Jesus Christ

V«n. A. Biockby. Vcti. W. PlMtiaglen.

Niif, Wilyon'B Caialogue [a,d. i6o8]< Hitt, Cliailonu's MiM, Prie3t«.voL iL

Modem Btit. Mart. Archiv. We«mon.. Ksniw.. j. joy. Hope'* Franciscan Maityni.

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

At Winchester, (Ae de^osUim of tht holy Queen Ethf-L- WtDA, Wtd^v. — v^/ Cliard, in Somersttshirt.or at York, /^ PASsimo/thi Vemmhle JoHN HamblEV. ^/rtf^rt«(/7>rterf, itt the persecution of Elisabeth.

Etiiciwida, Ethelwipa, or Ealsitiia, the widow of the

^^^' great King Alfred, was the daughter of the Earl TO- Ethelrcd and Edbuiga of Mercia. She began the foundation of the convent for women at Winchester, in con- junction with her husband, and after his death she is said to have retired to it herself The first Abbess appointed was Etheldreda.who became the mistress of Si Edburga. Etfiel- wida, however, did not live to see her work completed. She

JULY 31.] MENOLOGY. 34;^

survived Alfred but a few years, -.vhich she spent in great holiness of life and the practices of devotion.

V. Tohfl The ancient catalogue* dilTer as to whether the

"*^^"-Venerable John ITamblfa' the Martyr suffered at •5*7- Chard, in Somerset, on the 201I1 J uly, or at York, on the gth September, and the account preserved of him is in all rejtpecbi very scanty. He was a native of the diocese of Exeter, and sent on Uie Mission from the College of Rlieims in 1585. Uamblcy was apprehended, tried, and condenuicd on the charge of being a priest and cxerdsing his functions in this country. For thishcsufTcrcd the penalties of high treason, though his life and a rich benefice were offered to him, if he would conform to the new religion. The constancy, with which he bore his cruel torments, was such a:^ to win llic admiration of all beholders.

I aa

I

^P At Beaumaris, i/u piusiffH of Uu iUiislrious Martyr, the

VenerabU William Davies, Priest, in the reign of EHzabeth.

Eihclwid*. V. John Hambley.

Ug. W. I and I. Hnt. Douay Diaries ; Challon«'i

Hlti. Malmcsb. K«g., LL, | tit. Miw. Piicsts, vol. i,

Lcland, Cotluu, i,, p. 277 (fiom Atctiiv. Weatmon., Chontpnc)-, p.

Life by Otbotn). 1)45.

THE TWENTY-FIRST D.-\Y.

V. WiUiam The Venerable WILLIAM Davjes, Martyr, was '** A*D " * ^"^ '" North Wales, of one of the principal 1593- families of the country. He left home and went to the College at Rheiras to study for the priesthood. Here he made rapid progress in virtue, and soon became so zealous for souls, that he wa» ea^er to return as soon as possible to labour on the Mission. Hi» pious wish was gratified in the year 15S5, when he was made priest and departed on his work. He chose his native country for the scene of his exertions, and aniidst many difficulties was able to do great service in bis Master's cause during several years. At last, in March, 1 592, he was arrested on suspicion, in company with

350

MENOLOGY.

[JULY 31.

four youths whom he was sending to Ireland, that t\\cy mt{;ht proceed from thence to one of the colleges in Spain. The prisoners were siibmiUcd to several severe examinations, aod Mr. Davies confesseJ that he was a priest, to help his fellow- Catholics and win Protestants to the Church. He was then separated from his companions and confined alone in a toath- ftomc cell in Beaumaris Castle. After a time his patience so gained upon the gaoler, that he was allowed to go into the court of the prison, and at times to converse with his friends. Nor was it long before they contrived to procure what was neces5ar>* for the holy Sacrifice, which Davies celebrated every morning. During this interval his reputation as a holy man brought many person* from a considerable di.itancc to consult him, and others communicated with him by letter ; so that from his prison he was carrying on a most active mi-siion, and< holding disputations with the heretical ministers of the place, .^t the assizes he was condemned for high treason, and the young men for felony, for being found in his company, where- upon they all began to sing the TV Deutn, till they were silenced by the officers of the court. The sentence was not immediately carried out, and the Martyr was sent to Ludlow and thence to Hcwdley, in which places he hnd much to suffer, and divers attempts were made to shake his constancy. A number of Catholic gentlemen on more than one occasion had made arrangements to release him by forge, but the holy man steadily refused to s-inction their proposals, from the desire he had for martyrdom. From Bewdley he was sent back to Beaumaris, and there was allowed to rc:iume his former life, in company with his young friends, whom he formed into a sort of religious community, with regular cvcrciscs of piety ami hours devoted to study. When the judges returned for the summer assizes, it was decided that Davies must needs suffer death as a priest, but that there was no proof that the four youths were aware of his character, when tliey were found xvith him, and that they should not be executed as felons, but kept in prison to await the Queen's pleasure. Great was the joy of the holy man when he kne\v that the longed-for hour was near at hand ; but there was still some delay, as no one

JITLT 22.]

MEXOI.OGY.

35'

in the town or neighbourhood would perrorm the execution, or consent even to supply the things which were r«|uirc<i. When at last some men »'ere brought from a diitiincc for the ^vork, the townspeople, suspecting their business, refused to admit them into their houses. Mr. Danes would have spoken to the people from tlie platform, but was not permitted to do so ; so, mounting the tuddcr, he put the rope round his neck, with these words : " Thy yolte, O Lord, is sweet, and thy buidcn light." and with perfect serenity of countenance submitted lo Ihe cruel sentence. His companions succeeded in jjurchasJng [ the clothes dyed in his blood, which they prized as holy relics.

1 It w!»3 noticed that many of those concerned in his apprehen-

^^ sion and death before long came to a miserable end.

I

I

Hia. Challonet'B Uiu. PtKici«,vol. i, Oouay Diaries : Ycpex.

Aicbiv. Weitmon., Cluunpney, Qoa.

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

At Cardiff, in GUimorgamhire, the martyrdom of ike vent* rabU iervants of Gt'd, Vnil.iv EvANs, J'riat of l/ie Sffcufy o/ Jfsuf, aoi/ }OHN LlOV'U, Pfiffi, in the limt of King CharUs JI.

V. PbiMp Erans, M. ;

/. Johii

Llovd. M..

A.D.

The Venerable PHILIP EVANS was bom in Monmouthshire, and educated at the College of St Omcrs. He entered the Society at tlie age of twenty, and, having completed his studies and received Holy Orders, was sent on the Mission in 1675. He laboured with great diligence in South Wales dur- ing four years, after which he was arrested in the persecution raised by Oatcs' plot. He was not, however, charged with the supposed conspiracy, but merely with the treason of his priesthood. Fr. Evans was at first confined in an underground dungeon, until at length John Lloyd, a virtuous secular priest. was also seized and allowed to share his cell It was five months before any evidence could be produced against them ; but at last some wretched persons were found to swear that they knew lliem to be priests. Their execution was so long

352

MENOLOGV.

[JULY 23.

deferred that it began to be thought that it would never be earned out ; and meanwhile Ihcconfessors were allowed great liberty, and even to go out of the prison for tlicir recreation. When onicrs at length were sent for their immediate death, h'r. Kvans happened to be outside tiie walls and actually en- gaged in some innocent amusement ; and on Ihc gaoler'-i yoing to summon him back, with the grcateat calmness answered : "What haste is there? Let me first playout my game." On his return to prison he gave many signs of the extraordinary joy which filled his soul at the approaching sacrifice of his ' life.

The Venerable JOHN Llovd is described as a virtuous priest, and would seem to have been employed in his ministry in the same part of the country as Fr. Evans, but we have no record of his history until the time of his apprehension. In prison the two ^^arty^s were constant companions, and wxrre able to administer the consolations of religion to one another. They were also tried and executed together. When brought to the gallows they both fell on their knees, and, kissing the tree, exclaimed in tlic words of St. .'^ndrcw : " Welcome, good cross ". Their constancy throughout the terrible scene was unshaken and their piety most edifying. By word and deed they showed their perfect charity towards all, and so com- mended their souls to God.

HitU Challonu'i MIm. Prieni, voL it. Aichlv. Wettmen.. xxxiv., p. srt,

THE TWENTV-THIRD DAY.

At Uaycux, t'a France, the commetnoratiou of the paxsi<m <* the holy Brollurs, St. R.\.vennus and St. Rasipuus. Martyn.

SS. R»Teiiinis These servants of God, according to the tradi* *jl^J^"'tion of the Church of Baycux, were natives of 5th Cent c. Great Britain, driven from this country in conse- quence of their zeal for the Christian Faith, as it is conjec- tured, about the middle of the fifth century, at the time of the English invasion. They took refuge in a wood, now called Mac^, near S^ei, in Normandy, where they led a life

JCLT 24.]

MENOI.OCV.

353

of great austerity, clothcil in sleins, And nourished wich wild roots. Their sanctity attracted many persons to their cell, which provoked the jealousy of the pagan governor of Ncu&tria, who sent his satcEUtcsand caused them to be put to death. They we« privately buried by the ChrLttians in the forest ; but after a time, the spot being miraculously dis- covered, a church was built over their sacred remains. At the period of the Norman invasion the relics were removed to St. V^dast, near Baycux, and there remained until the cle\'enth century, when, in consequence of a divine revelation, the Bishop Hugh translated them to the Cathedral of Baycux, where their festival was thenceforth observed with

^ great solemnity. In the year 1562 the shrine was profaned, and the precious relii^s burned by the Calvinista. Uarl. Molanti> (add. to UEuaid] ; Ltg, proprlnm Btev. ofBayeuz. Ratiphu*. 13 July. ffuf. Boll., vol. xsid. [Sib vol. of

July), p. 189. P THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY.

In Flanders, th deposition of Si. Christian'-V Virgin, — At Stone, in Staffordshire, the passim 0/ the holy Brotlters, ST. Wulfhad<7/«/St. KxjVTXti.cniilfytimrdirtd by the pagans for having recetitd holy baptism. — At Derby, the martyrdom of three hciy Prints and vcturabU sen'ants of God, Nichoi-as Garlick, Robert Ludlam, atut RicitARD Symkon, ivho suffered en the same day i» the holy cause of religion. — At Durham, tfu martyrdom of the VeneraNe }ons BOST, Priest, who, after suffering cruel tortures, died with great ccnstanty for the Catholic Faith.

St-ChriattAiM, In the annals of Belgium and the Gallic Martyr- VinEiiJ. ology, ChmistIANA Is said to have been the

Inciii,

660c daughter of one of the English kings, who was a pagan. The Virgin was instructed in the Faith by an Angel, who directed her to receive holy baptism. After this she withdrew to the Continent, and took up her abode at Dillc- even, where, after a holy life, she died tlic death of a Saint

23

354

MKNOLOGY.

FJULT S4.

In the year 1092. on the 2nd September, her sacred remains were translated to Dcndcrmuntl, and there she was honoured among Uic chief patrons of tht: place.

The dnic of tliU Saint (s unceni^n ; but Alford rcmiirka that if bet fxiha was ft pagan Engliiih king, it can h»rtlly be pal later Ihan 660.

SS. Wulfhad These brothers, tvfo holy youths, were put to

"mm"'^"' '^'^^^^ '^>' ^^^ pagans, for having embraced the

A.D. Christian Faith, in the cell of the hermit who had

instructed and baptised them. When Christianity

was established in that province, they were greatly venerated,

and a church erected over their sacred remains. It is said

that the head of St Wulfhad was carried to Rome by one

who was sent to solicit their canonization, and on his return

left by him to the Church of St. Lawrence at Viterbo.

The account );tvcn by an anonymoiu ii'iltcr. tiupponecl to be a monk of PctcrborouKh, in tltat Wulflifid and RulFin were the wnt of Wulf here of Mctcia and St. Eimenildaj and th^t ihcii fathvt, not yet a Chrislian, binaclf oidered their execution, ill a At of la^c, on healing that they lisil been baptiecd withotx hie conieni. The tame writer Bay* that the hermii who received ihem wm Si, Chad For variou;^ TeasonK. it Kcmi iinfxnaibic lo reconcile ihii nanative n-ith the known factit of hi»ioiy.

V. Nichotaa The vcncrablc servants of God, NlCllOI^S °vf Robert ■ Garlick. Robert Ludi^^m, and Richard

Ludiam, M :Sy.\n-sON, priestH, suffered for the Catholic Faith V. Richard 11 , , . ~.,

Sympson.M., "" *"<= same day and at the same place. The

^^ Venerable Nicholas Garlick was a native of Derbyshire, and for several years a school- master at Tidcsivcll, in the same county. He was remarkable for his watchful care over his pupils, three of whom became priests, one being the Martyr Christopher Buxton. Garlick himself went over to Rheims, was made priest, and sent on the Mission in Jantjary, 1583. It is not known hotv long he laboured before his apprehension, but he was one of the many priests who were forced into banisliincnt in 1585. After paying a short visit to his college, the zealoiis missioner again made his way into England in the October of the same year. The scene of his miasion was bis native county, and there he

JTTIiTa4.]

MENOLOGY.

was again seized in the house of Mr. John Fltzhcrbert, to- gether with Robert Ludlain, hi» future conii>anion in inartj'r- dom. At the summer assizes he was tried .uk] condemned, solely on the charge of his sacred calling. The holy man displa>'e(l the greatest constancy and magnanimity not only at the bar, but during the horrible torments of hi.t execution, boldly professing his priesthood, and rejoicing in it, as a singular favour from God.

The Venerable Robert Ludlam was born near Sheffield, and educated for the priesthood at the College of Rlieims. After hi» ordination, he was sent on the Mission in the year 1 582 ; and one who was acquainted »vith him wrote, " that for his modesty and good life, and KCal to win souls to God, he was beloved of all that love the Catholic Church". He was apprehended at the some time with GarlicU, and condemned on prccLsely the same charge. He also exhibited the same admirable faith and resolution ; and during the execution of his companion, by hi.s smiling countenance, showed how great was the joy of his heart at the immediate prospect of suffering for Chfist. As he was about to be Rung from the ladder, he raised his eyes to heaven, and uttered llie word.'*: "Venitc benedicti Dei : Come ye blessed of God," as though he were favoured with a vision of the Angels, as it appeared to Hie bystanders.

The Venerable Richard Sympson was the third to siifTer at the same time and for the same holy cause. He wa,s bom either in Yorkshire or Lancashire, and was brought up as a Protestant minister. Being, however, converted to the Catholic Faith, by the course of his life he showed the sincerity and earnestness of his convictions. On account of his reconciliation, he suffered along imprisonment at York; but being at length released, went to the College at Douay, received Holy Orders, and returned to England as a missioner Here he was apprehended and banished in 1 5*17, though he soon contrived to return to his labours. It was, however, but for a short time, as he was again iicizcd while journeying from Lancashire into Derbyshire. The Venerable Richard L^ympson was tried and condemned at the Lent assizes of

356

MENOLOGY.

[JULY 34.

15S8; but as he gave some signs of human inBrmity, which led the judges to hope for his eventual conformity, he was reprieved till the summer. 1 tappily for him, in the meantime Garlick and Ludlam were cast into tlic same prison ; and by their holy exhortation.', and example brought him to such contrition for his weakness, tliat for the short remainder of his life he ceased not to punish himself with fastings, hair- cloth, and watchings. The persecutors, finding themselves disappointed in their expectation, ordered Sympson to be executed with the other two. He bore his sentence with constancy, but without tliose extraordinary signs of joy with which the others were favoured. The heads and quarters of the three Martyrs were dbtributed in several conspicuous spots in the town ; but during the night several Catliolic gentlemen came in from the country, well armed, and removed what they cuuld from the bridge. The remaining relics also were before long secretly carried away by otlicrs.

V. John Best. The venerable Martyr JOHN Bosr belonged ^f^' to a gentleman's family of Penrith in Cumberland. '59f He was a graduate of one of the EtigUsh Univer- sities, but gave up all his prospects of advancement for con- sciencC'Sake, and went over to Rheims, was reconciled to the Church, and admitted as a student of the college. Bo.st was ordained priest and sent on the Mission in i5Si,and laboured for several years witli such zeal and success, that the Earl of Huntingdon, Lord President of the North, and a bitter enemy of Catholics, was more anxious for his apprehension than for that of all the priests within his jurisdiction. At length he was treacherously betrayed, and after his first examination was sent up to London, where he wa.s committed to the Tower and so cruelly tortured on the rack that for the rest of his days he was obliged to walk with hii body bent and leaning on a staff As no information could be elicited front him, he was sent back to Durham for trial. Mr. Bost was a man of learning and extraordinary courage, which was in no way subdued by his sulTerings; and Tobic Matthews the elder, who had known him well at the University, is reported

JULY 36.]

MENOLOGY.

357

to have said on the day of his execution that " it was a pity so much worth should have died on that day". He was not allowed to speak to the (jcoplc, but suffered with great devo- tion. He was immediately cut down from the gallows, and the butchery carried out while he was stil! alive. When his heart was lorn out, he exclaimed to the executioner: "Jesus, _ Jesus. Jcsiis, forgive thee ".

^B SL Christiana.

^^ L»g. W. I snd 1 : Chal. Hitt. Alfotd'* Annal*. aj>. 6yK

I B8. W'ulftiad and RufBru

I Moflt. (U'ulfhad) M. Q, t!nl. Leiand. Collect.. L. p. i (Anon.

^^ Ug. Whiif. Add.; W. i and *; Monk of Pclctboco),

^^m ChaL Ball., 14 July: laracaiccount

^V Manyn.

W Hill. Douay Diaiicn ; ('hallonet's Archiv. Wettman., iv., pp. i, it.

^_ Miu. Priettt, vol. I. Chatninnay. pp.

^^^ 855.909.

TH1£ TWKNTY-FIFTH DAY.

At Scaford, m Stasex, and at Ucrg, in Flanders, ths irans- iativn of St. Lewin.\, Virgin and Martyr. — At Ncwcastlc- on-Tync, the passion of the VeHtrahU John Ikgraa!, Martyr, a print who suffered for t/ie Catholic Fattk under Queen Elisnbith.

SL Lewjiu, We have no acts of the holy Vir^n and

Tmb' ^^^''^y. St. Lewina, nor any account of the

A.D. ' honour rendered to her before the year 1058. At

'^^ that time her sacred remains reposed in the Abbey

Church of St. Andrew, in or near ijcaford, in Sussex, and

were translated with great solemnity to the Churdi of St

Winnoc at Uerg, in Flanders. Eyewitnesses have left it on

record that the progress of the holy relics was accompanied

with a succession of innumerable miracles in the towns and

villages through which they passed.

It appuart ihat ilie bcxly of St. Idcbuigji wm tmnslitcd lo the tome place at 01 atcui the lanse tim*, and that thU circumstance has led wme wtiicra to ijicakof lie SB alio an En^lUh Saint, which doei not seem tu bo ihecau. Wc find the day of ihc uanhlatioii vatiouUy given aa the 22nd, z^tb, zjUi. uid aCtb ofjdy.

358

MENOLOGY.

[JTTLTOa

V. John The Venerable John Ikgram was the son of

'"^AD "^ ' * gentleman of Wanvicksliire, and was broughtj 1594- up a FrotcsUinl, being educated at New College,! Oxford. He was, however, reconciled to the Church, and ejected from his college for recusancy. Upon this he went abroad and was received as a student in the College at Rhcims, but aftcr^'ards went to Komc, where he completed his studies and was made priest. His missionary labours were in the north of England, on the Scottish Border, and there he was arrested and sent to London. While he was a prisoner in the Tower, he was several times submitted to the tno-it cruel torture, under the superintendence of Topcliffc, to constrain him to betray his fellow-Catholics ; but all was in vain, as he maintained the most complete silence in all that concerned them. It was decided that his trial should take place near the scene of his labours, and he was accordingly sent back to the North. There remain two letters which he wrote to his fellow-sufferers in the same gaol, giving evidence of great courage and devotion, and exhorting them not to be disheartened by the unhappy fall of two of their companions, who had yielded to the pressure of the persecution. Ingram was tried and condenmed at the same time with Bost. and for the same Ctiusc, but his execution took place at Ncwcastla

Sc Lewina.

Ug. W. I atvd j; Chal.

Uia. Mabill., AnnkU, Iv., p. 58s.

Vcn, Jolin Ingram. Hitt. Chillonet> Miss. PricKtK, vol. i. Archiv. WcMman., Chimpncy, |\

909. Arcliiv. Weetmon. . Catiilagues.

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

At Darlington, in Durham, the passion of thi VenerabU George SwalLOUTLL, Loymnn, Marlyy.—At Lancaster, the martyrdom 0/ the venerable senmnts of God, ROBERT Ni;tter and Edward Tiiwing, PrUsts, all of whom suffered in the fersemtioH of ElizalvtJu — At Tyburn, tlu fasston of the

Vmtrable William Webster, cow/wtjw/^ calUd VVartj. Priest ■who died for the Faith under Charles L

JULYM.]

MENOLOGY.

359

V. G«ofi^ The Venerable Georck Swalijdwell was ^"m^*^ bom in the bishopric of Durham, and educated A.D. as a Prolcstanl minister. For some time hccxcr- **■ ciscd this office, as well as that of schoolmaster, at Houghton- le-Spring. One day he happened to visit a Catholic gentleman who was suffering imprisonment for his faith, and their conversation turniit); on the religious contro- versy, after many arguments, he was so convinced of his errors that he was led to seek reconciliation with the Church. From his pulpit he publicly announced his conversion to the assembled congregation, and was in consequence arrested and sent to Durham gaol. After a year's confinement, he was tried at the same time with the Martyrs Bost and Ingram, and like them condemned to die. For an instant his con* stancy failed at the prospect of so terrible a death, and he consented to attend the Protestant worship. Upon this Mr. Bost turned hts eye toxvards htm, and said : " George Swallo- well, what hast thou done ? " I Tearing those words, he was so penetrated witli compunction as immediately to withdraw the concession he had made. Mr. Bost then said: "Hold thee there, Swallowcll. and my soul for thine." and then laid his hands on his head. Havin;^ boldly professed thai his faith was that of the two priests condemned with him, he was ordered to Darlington for execution. From that time his courage never failed, and he died in sentiments of entire faith and true devotion.

V. Robert The Venerable Robert Nuttkk was the v"*EdwSd' brother of the Martyr John Nutter, who suffered Thwiog, M., in 1584. He was a native of Lancashire, and a 16Q0. student and priest of the College at Rhcims, and with several others was sent on the Mission in 1 582. Two years later he was a prisoner in the Tower, and for forty-seven days was confined in a miserable dungeon underground, loaded with heavy fetters, and during the inter- val was twice put to the torture. Towards the end of the year he \*'as again lodged in the same hole for about ten weeks more. In i 585 he was sent into banishment with a

MENOLOGY.

[JULY 26.

number of others, but loudly protested against this forced exile, under the pretext of the Queen's mercy. After a .short visit to tlie College at Rhcims he made his way back to England, and was again seized and confined in Wisbeach Castle. From tliis unhappily notorious prison, Nulicr con- trived to escape with five companions, and went into Lanca- shire, but was apprehended for the third time, and brou^t to trial. He was condemned for hisJ priestly character and exe- cuted at Lancaster. A contemporaiy says of him that " he was a man of strong body, but stronger soul, who despised rather than conquered death, and went to the gallows with as much cheerfulness and joy as if he had been going to a feast, to the astonishment of the spectators".

The Venerable EmVARD Thwing, who suffered at the same time, was born of an ancient family at 1 lurst, near York, lie studied at Rheims and then at Rome, but his health obliged him to return to Rheims. from which place he received the priesthood at Laon, being then a master of the Greek and Hebrew tongues and Professor of Rhetoric in his college One who was well acquainted with him at this time dcscribeal him as a man of admirable piety, meekness, patience, and mortification, virtues which made him greatly beloved. He suffered from a tedious infirmity, for which no remedy could be found ; but being sent to England, it would .seem that in some measure he recovered hh health, as he became a zealous^ missiuiier and diligent labourer in his Lord's vineyard. Hil' work was however cut short by his arrest and confinement in Lancaster Castle. From his prison he wrote twice to the pre- sident of his college, expressing a holy joy at the prospect of hts speedy trial and consequent martyrdom, and asking the earnest prayers of his brethren. He was condemned simply for his priesthood, and executed together with Robert Nutter, suffering with perfect constancy.

V. William This distinguished Martyr was known on tha. */uJ."* ' ^ '^^'**" ^y *'^^ i^ame of Ward, though he declar 1641- after his condemnation that his true name was Wkuster. He was born of Catholic parents at Thornby, ia^

JTTLTae,]

MEXOLOGY.

36 r

IWestmoreland, educated at Douay College, and after rectfiving FHoly Orders wai sent on the English Mission in 1608. The 'vessel being driven by a storm to the coast of Scotland,- the tniBsioncr was compelled to land there, and was. immediately arrested on suspicion, and confined in dark dungeons for three years. On his release he made his ivay to England, where a new imprisonment a>vaitcd him ; and it is said that so frequently was he arrested in various counties, that he must have spent twenty years out of forty of his priesthood tn the dilTerent |:,'aolt; of Kiigland, to which must be added that he was several times driven into exile. None of these sufferings could control his seal. He was much sought after as a con- fessor, though remarkably plain-spoken to liis penitents, and perhaps rather inclined to severity in his direction. His in- structions also were greatly valued. To the continued perils to which he was exposed must be added the suffering of two painful maladies borne for years, and his own austerities, which only ceased with his death. When the dangers of Catholics were aggravated by the altitude of the Parliament, the Martyr was urged by a nephew of hisn also a priest, to take refuge in ' the country at a place provided for him ; but he refused, and cstcd at a house in I^ndon.

his trial false evidence was produced against him. and on this he was condemned of high treason. Extra- ordinary was the Joy he exhibited on this occasion, and during the few days which elapsed before his execution. He was allowed to see a priest, and on the morning of the day himself celebrated the holy Sacrifice and gave Communion. To those who wept to see him led to the hurdle, he said : " Weep not for my death, I could yet live if I pleased ; but it is my joy to die for this cause ". To the Protestants who showed sympathy with him he would again and a^ain plainly insist on the neccssil>* of the true Faith and submission to the Catholic Church, in order to salvation, Mis demeanour was the same to the very \xRt; and at Tyburn, after fervent prayer and alms to the poor, he gladly submitted to the cruel sentence. He suffered on the festival of St. Anne, a Saint towards whom he had always a

3<S2

MENOLOGV.

[JVLY 27.

great devotion, and whose day he had been accustomed to celebrate as solemnly as his circumstances allowed. A foreign nobleman of distinction, and well known in England. Count Egmond (afterwards Due de Gueldres and Spanish /Vmbassador), in an extraordinary manner became possessed of the heart of the holy Martyr, wliich he preserved with the greatest veneration as a most precious relic.

Hill. Chattonei'* Miiii^ PrieiU.voU. Archiv. W»tmon., xxk., p. is^atf.

i. iindii. ; Yepei. ,. .. Charnpncy.iiL 990;

Uouay PUricai VVordiinglon'a Rela- CaulO][Uo>.

Uon Df 16 Mirtyti,

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH DAY.

In the prison of Newgate, tn the city of London, tlie bhssed dtath of tilt Venerable Thomas Cort, Priist and Friar of tfn Order of St. Francis, who, for dtnying tlu spiritual supremacy of Henry VIII., tvas <ast into prison, where he perislsed from starvation and tlu miseries he had to endurt. — At Stafford, t/u martyrdom of the Venerable ROBERT SUTTON, Priest, put to death for his priestly cliaracier. — At Ncwcastlc-on-Tync, (he passion of JOSEPH LamitON, wfw in tike manner gai-e his life in the cause of religion.

V. Thftmjtt The Venerable Thomas Cort. priest and friar ^ /lD*" *''" 'f''-" Order o( St Francis, is said to have been 153S- a man of noble lineage, but he was still more honourable for his Christian courage and his eloquence in a sermon which he delivered in the Church of Sl Lawrence, he did not hesitate to condemn the conduct of Henry VUl. in the matter of the divorce, and his profane assumption of the litlc of Head of the Church. In consequence, he was cast into paol. with thieves and murderers and the worst of criminals, where the fetid air and the filth and partial .starvation brought his life to a close. That his sanctity might be apparent, at the moment of his death the whole prison shone with a miraculous and heavenly light. The King w.is greatly troubled when this circumstance came to

JULY 27.]

MENOLOGY.

363

hw knowledge, and he ordered him to be decently buried in the Churchyard of St. Se]]ulchre.

V. Rotieit The Venerable ROBERT SUTTON, priest and

^""a^"' niissioncr, was born at Uurton-on-Trcnt, and was 1597- sent to Oxford to pursue his studies. There he made great progress in learning, but scetned to be completely entangled in the snares of heresy, and in the cares of this world. He had, however. Catholic friends in the College of Douay, who frequently wrote to him and urged him to despise these temporal interests and choose a better course. Through an especial grace of God. the conscience of Sutton was at length touched, and he took the generous resolution of re- nouncing all to follow Christ Accordingly, he went to Douay. accompanied by his brother Abraham, whose position was much the same as his own. The two brothers were ordained at the same time, and sent on the Mission in 1578- Robert Sutton's labours were chiefly in his own county of Stafford, where he had the reputation of being a most pious and zealous priest, and bringing many lost sheep to the fold. Both Robert and Abraham were arrested, and, with many others, banished in 158;. Hcforc long, however, they found means to return to Rngland, w-hcrc Robert soon again fell into ihc hands of the persecutors. He was condemned to die, as in cases of high treason, for being a priest, and suffered accord- ingly at Stafford, "preserving." as the record of Molanus says, "a sound soul In a mangled body. and overcoming the cruelly of the executioners by Christian patience". It h uncertain whether the martyrdom took place on this day or some time in March, as stated in some accounts. The relics of Robert Sutlon, as an eyewitness attests, were the means of expelling a furious evil spirit from a possessed person.

V, Joseph The Venerable JOSEPH I-ampton. Martyr for

^^^■JU'^'the Faith, was bom of a. gentleman's family iit

IS93- Malton. in Yorkshire, and began his studies at

Rhcims, from which place he proceeded to the English

College at Rome. His zeal for the salvation of his fellow-

364

MENOLOGY.

[JTTLYiSS.

oountrymen ted him to juik leave to abridge his course of theology, that he might hasten his return to England. He was accordingly made priest, and sent on the Mission, but was immediately apprehended, and sent to gaol. He 'was tried and sentonccd to the penalties of high treason, merely for being a priest. A felon from the pri.«on was appointed to perform the execution, as a ransom for his own life ; but in the midst of his barbarous task was seized with such a horror at what he was doing, that he refused to proceed at any cost. The sheritr then sent for a butcher from a neighbouring village to complete the cruel deed. During this prolonged torment, the holy Martyr bore his sufferings with the greatest constancy and fortitudt

Hiil, Wilson'a Catalogue (a.D. iOoS). Archiv. WoUnon., xl., p. 7$;; Cftt*

Hope's Franciscan Mati)-ts. lo^cs.

HoJem BrU. Mait. Ajchiv. Wottnion.. Chsunptiey, pft.

CiialloneiK Miss. Pric«te, vol. i, 846, goj,

Douay Oiariei.

THE TWENTV-KIGHTH DAY.

Al Dflle, in Britlanj; the festival of St. Samson, Dukt^ and Ccnftssor. — At Ccprano, on the southern ftvntier of the Pnfial Stalts, ilu depositim of ST. Akdwvne. Cmfessor and Pilgrim.

S(. S(uiiaoo. St. Samson was the issue of a family of di»-^ ^^i5a^" tii^ction in South Wales. His parents SCS«- Ammon and Anne, who, having no offspring for a length of time aflcr their marriage, at last, by prayers and good deeds, obtained thijt child of benediction. When only five years of age, he was committed to the care of St. Iltut, and brought up in his monaster)*. Though he had many fellow - pupils aftcnvards distinguished for sanctity, none excelled Samson in piety, holy discipline, or in the study of letters. He received the orders of the diaconate and priest- hood, at due intervals, from St. Dubritius, and felt himself thereby obliged to increase his austerities, as well as his fi;T\-our in prayer. With the approbation of St Iltut, he

JULTSa]

'MENOLC

s«s

retired to another community in the neiglilxiurhaod, nr which he was eventually made Superior. Having, however, received a visit from SQinc Irish inuiiks, who hnii just returned from Rome, he was so struck by their superior learning, that he accompanied them to Ireland, and there remained a consider- able time ; but the gift of miracles, which he already enjoyed, attracted so much admiration, that his humility could no longer support it, and he returned to his own country. Many events are recorded of this period of his life, amongst which was his consecration as Bishop, without appointment to any particular Sec. But a divine revelation called him abroad, and he accordingly sailed for Brittany, and landed near the place afterwards called DiJIe, where land was yiven him. and he established a monasleo'.

Business connected with the house obliged him to visit King Chiidibcrt at Paris, which in the event led to his nomination as first Bishop of Ddlc. Innumerable were the benefits which the Saint rendered to his adopted country, and especially to his own flock, and universal was the reverence paid to him. fie had attained the »gc of eighty-five years, when he was called to receive the reward of the just. It was in or ulnut the year 565 ; and as his festival is kept in almost all the dioceses of Brittany on the 28th July, that may be supposed to be the day of his deposition. In the time of the Norman incursions his relics were conveyed to Paris, thoujih a portion was afterwards restored to his own church. St. Samson bad many illustrious di^iples, one of whom, St. Magloire, was his immediate successor in the bishopric.

According to WiUUm of Malrne»buty. the nlic* of St. Saunaon vicre bioutcht. witli many other*. Ttom Brittany, Ani placed la llie Abbey of Middle- Ion, in Donet (Pont., ii, i $5).

St Ardwyne. St. Ardwyne was a native of Great Britain, Conf. (jm Cq^ jijg iQy^ q( Qof^ a voluntary c.xile from his

own countr)', and in the course of his pilgrimage gave up his soul to God in the city of Ccprano. Early records of his life are entirely wanting ; but according to the popular tradi-

MENOLOOy.

[JUiiTsa

tion of the locality, he was already a priest when he left his home, in company with three pious friends — Gerard. Fulk, ami Bernard — to visit the holy places of Palestine. Having satisfied their devotion, as they were returning through Italy they were so captivated with ihe holy solitude of Mount Gargano, celebrated for the apparition of the Archangel St Michael, that they took up their abode in certain caves of that mountain, and there dwelt for a length of time, leading a life of marvellous sanctity and austerity.

Feeling, however, that they had a call from God to visit the shrincof the Apostles in Rome, they quitted their beloved retreat; but it was their obedience that was asked, and not the accomplishment of their pilgrimage. They were on their way to Rome, when, one after another. Ardwync was de- prived of his beloved companions. At Gallinaro, Gerard gave up hia soul to God. , A little farther on the way, at ArpinOk Bernard also was called to his rest ; and at the place now called Santo Padre, f-'ulk in like manner bade adieu to his father and spiritual guide. In all these places our saintly fell ow-countr)' men, almost uoknuwn in their native land, are to this day honoured as the special patrons of those towns to which ihey have bequeathed their relics, with that fer\'ent devotion, with which thoie piou.t Chri^tian^ are wont to show their veneration for the servants of God. Ardwyne pursued his way in .solitude, but it was only for a short while longer. When he arrived at Ccprano he found the place afflicted with a cruel pc!>tilcnce, and, urged by Christian chanty, he at once proceeded to the hospital, where he devoted himself to the service of the sick in all their spiritual and bodily needs. His reward was to die a Martyr of charity. He was himself seized with the terrible malady, and on the zHxh July, with sdniiraUlc tranquillity of soul and tender devotion, passed from this world to a better life At the time of his death. Ardwyne was regarded as a Saint by those who had wit- nessed his charity and his holy end ; but in the lapse of time his memory w&a almost forgotten and the place of his burial unknown, until the Saint himself, in a vision vouchsafed to a pious man, made it known, and declared that it was God's

JTTLY 29.]

MENOLOGY.

36^

will that his relies should be translated with honour. This was accoixIinRly done ; the body was placed within the church, an altar erected over it, and before long St. Ardwyne was declared the patron of the city. Both then and since con- tinued miracles have testiBed how acceptable i^ the devotion of these good people towards the saintly stranger who reposes within their walls.

A liEe ai Si. Ardwyne was pubtiihcd in iSdS by Yi. Michclc Tav»ni, S.J. h ccnnpiifcs also what can be ^ihcrcd concerning bin ttircc companions, but ihc author U olilifjiil to confcM thai no early documents an the tubject cxitl. HI* chicr authoritlet aic n book called Cffraio Ravrivatc. by A. Vit^lml, 1643, anil the Br^si Xcthit of C. Guelielmi. who put toKetha all they could collect [fORi tiadiclon. The epoch si which the Sunu lived U altogeihet iiii- ccitain. Tbc commcn) tradition places it at ihc bcginnini; of the KVcntti century. »iid calls them English, fiom among Ihc fifsl converts of St. AU|[u«!ric. ir, however, Sillona, which h tald lo be Ihc place of their btnh, on the north coast, near Scotland, is tho prewni Sitloih, in Ciimbetbnd. ai^d this diu is the Irat one. It would Mcm ihttt ihcy muti huve been Diliiih Chriniaiw, and not English convcith bs the t'ailh had not yet (cached the North, and Currtbciliuid, moreoi^er. wan not )-et conquered. Private InforiiiMion from \aj>leti fully con- (irms alt that has bran iinid of the devotion of the people at the preMnt time. Some would fix the ilaie of all these Slims as Utc U [he beginning of the twelfth centiuy. The pieieni dinin^ibed ArchpiiL-Hi of Ruckjl d'Arce, Don Angck) K9(uclli, in a teamed papci which the odiioi h»s been couticously pci milted lo tec. argue« forcibly in favour nf Ihc eatlier date, fcora the fact that noec of iheoc Saints were buried wiihin the walls of the cltuich, that bcinj; pcedsely the litne when the discipline of the Church foibidding such imertnenu wraa in fiiU (btoe in Italy. St. SaniM]!]. Cttli. I . a. 3. 4, s> 7- 9> »• tS> Ml J7i

JS. 39- 5*. ^S, 64. 6j, «?. Marti. Kom., H. E. G, K. L. P. Q. R. Lfg, Tinm., fol. 3io6( Cap);r.. fol,

liii ; Nov. Leg., fol. 136.1 ; WhitC

Sar.; W. I snd a; Chat.; Brevi.

of Brittany. Ititi. L^iiieau. Saints dt Bieiagnc,

I., p. )01.

St. Ardnync. L^g' W. I (15 Oct.) ; W. a(iS Ooe.);

Chal. (15 Oct.). Hill. Tavani. Vila de 5. Ardvina

THE TWEKTY-NINTH DAY. TAe biissid memory of the nmny RELlGlouSff/"/^ Itoly Or<ier of St. Pramis who ^rislud under the many sufferings ttuy endured for UuirfiUlity lo the Catholie reiigwti in the rsign of liinry VI fL

36S

MENOLOGY.

[JULTSa

FnndacMi

Fiian,

A.D.

iSSfi-

The Martyrologics of the Franciscan Order place in the month of July the commemoration of Thirtv-two Religious who perished about this time, partly from starvation and partly from the hard usage they met with in various prisons to which ihcy had been sent by Henry VIM. for refusing to acknowledge his spiritual supremacy in the Church. But these were by no means all the members of thi-s illustrious Order who sacrificed their lives in the same cause. From the 5rst beginning of the schism, the Franciscans had incurred the special indignation uf the Kinfj, by their uncompromising 6rmness in resisting his unholy claimsi. He bc^jfan the persecution by a visitation of the Observant Convent of Greenwich, which he suppressed, and continued the same course, until in a short time he de- clared the whole Order abolished throughout England. In 1534, two hundred friars were thrown into prison at one time and dispersed in various gaols in the countr)', where they were left to perish. Of thcst: a few only were sent into banish- ment, but in some instances the release was too Ute to save their lives, thou^jh a certain number look refuge la Scotland and on the Continent, where, by their learning and missionary labours, they rendered great service to the Church. Not long afterwards, it is related that thirty-four, and again twenty-two others, received the same cnicl treatment ; insomucli that a contemporary writer asserts tltat the number of Franciscans was immense who suffered either on the scaffold, or by starvation, or through the hardships they endured in prison.

To the praise of God, and the everlasting glory of this holy Order, (here is no record, that e\'en a single individual was unfaithful to the grace of his vocation.

Hin. Wilxon'). CaUlosae (a,d. 1608). Hop«'t FranciK^in Manyt^ Moctcin Bt>u*h Man.

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

jtf Canterburj'. //« tlf/pstfion of St. TaTWIN, Archbishop and Ceti/ascr. — At Jlinstcr-in-Thanct, liu holy memory of Si. Ekmengytha, Virpn. — In London, the memory of the paaicn

JTTLTSa]

MENOLOGY.

369

efthi VimrabU John TravEBS. Priest and DMcr 0/ Thi&h^, who suffend under Henry Vl/f. — At SmithfielcJ, /A* wwrO"''- dem of thru (earned Fricsts and Doctors of Tlteology, the liUsseJ RiaiARO Featjibrston, the Blessed Edward I'OWEI.. and the Blessed Thomas Abei^ who suffered for rejecting the itnptous pretensions of King Henry Vflf. — In the modem Calendar of England, the festival of ST. GERMAN, Biihop and Confessor, whose deposition is oh the jrst of /«/)■.

St, Tfttwln, St. Tatwin was the ninth Archbishop of ^^A^*"^' Canterbury, and succeeded St. Brithwald in the 7J4- year 731. He was a monk of Bredon. in Wor- cestershire, and a man "distinguished for religion and pru- dence, and, moreover, cmincnliy furnished with Mcrcd learn- ing". Tatwin did not receive his pallium till the year 733, after which he con.secratcd two bishops, and the next year was called to the heavenly reward of his labours, after ruling his church little more than three years.

St Ermca- St. ErMENCYTHA was one of the daughters ^^^D^" **'" Ermcnred of Kent, and sister of St Ermcn- 680 c. burga, olhcr\vise called Domneva, the foundress of the Monastery of Minster-in-Thanet There were two other sisters, who in some of the ancient chronicles are desig- nated as Saints, St. Eormcnburh and St. v'Ethel thryth, but no record of their lives has been found. It is said that St Ermcngj'tha retired to her sister's convent in Thanet, and there ended her days in great holiness. The 30th July is the day assigned to her memory in the later English martyr- ologics.

The Anclcni minutcTi[ii. cdiioil by Mr. Cockayne (vol. Ui,, p. 413)^ only namct two naten. Oomiicva and Bmcngyth.

V. John The Venerable JOHN Travers, a learned Irish

'^"a^' "*" P""'*^*! atid Doctor in Theology, wa.s one of those

«S39- who resolutely refused to acknowledge the King's

spiritual supremacy, and wrote a book to prove that the Pope

was the Head of the Church on earth. When asked by the

24

3?0

lOLOGY.

r JULY 30.

judge whether he had written that work, he held up the three fingers of his right hand, and said ; " Those fingers wrote the book, and shall never burn ". Several authors mention it as a miraculous circumstance, that when the hand wa& chopped off and thrown into the fire, those fingers were spared by the ftamcs. One writer, as it would seem by an error, places this martyrdom in Ireland.

On the same day an ancient catalogue places the martyr- dom of John Harris, who also suffered in defence of the Papal supremacy. It is probable, however, that the precise date of neither of the two is known.

B. Richard The Blessed RlCIIAltD FeatherSTON had Jh^^^'. been chaplain to Queen Catherine of Aragon, and B. Edwaid tutor in the L.itin language to the Princess Mary. B. "I^miim' When the cause of the divorce was brought on, **a.'d'" J^calhcrston had a considerable share in the 1540. management of the Queen's defence, which alone was enough to bring him under the Kings's dis- pleasure. Accordingly, when the royal supreraacj' was estab- lished by Parliament, he was required to subscribe or take the oath, which he courageously refused to da The indict- ment in which he was condemned of high treason charges him both with rejecting tlie supremacy and not allowing the divorce.

Blessed Edward Powel was a native of Wales, and a Fellow of Oriel College, in Oxford. He was a learned man, and among other works wrote a treatise ngainst Luther, which was highly cstccmetl. Powcl held various places of preferment in the Church, and was chosen to be one of the three defenders of the Queen, when the cause of the divorce was heard He also wrote a book to maintain the validity of the marriage of the King and Queen, which gave great offence to the Court. He was accordingly required to submit to the spiritual supremacy of the King, which he steadily refused to do, and was in consequence condemned to the penalties of high treason.

Htessed TliOMAS AUEL was a Doctor of tlie University oC

JULY St.]

MENOLOGY.

37"

Oxlbrd, and a most accomplished scholar. Thi» led to his introduction to Queen Catherine, who nominated him one of her chaplains. He was also, together with his two com- panions in martyrdom, one of the chief defenders of the validity of the royal marriage. The first charge brought aj^ainst him was for supporting the cau.>;e of Elizabeth Barton, called the holy maid of Kent, on which he was convicted of misprision of treason. After some time he was again put on his trial, and this time on the capital charge of denying the King's spiritual authority, and maintainint:; the validity of the marriage of the King and Queen Catherine.

The three holy Martyrs were sentenced to suffer at Smith- field on the same day ; and to add to the ignominy with which they were treated, they were dragged to execution coupled with three Zuinglian heretics, whom the King had condemned to the flames.

The respective sentences were carried out, the tJiree Catholic!) suBering the penalties of high treason, and tlie unhappy apostates being burned to death.

St Tatwln.

Uarit. L. M. Q.

Ug. Wbitf. Sur. : W. I and 3 ; Cha\.

//i*f. Bcda. v,,e.33; Simeon Dundm.,

At Gctt. Mabill., AnnnlK. tome it., pp. S7, toi.

S(. EnncnKyllix Leg. CtwI. ind Saxon MS. Hist. Flor, OanealoK>c* '• Thome

(Tvirysd. Ccl.. 1906).

V, John Tfavotn. Hitt. Wilnon'i Catalogue [a.d, tfloS). Modern Brit. Man.

11. Martyrs.

Nitt. Sander, Schinn [Eng, ttai»,)i

P- «5o. WlUon'i Catalogue {A.D. 160S};

Stowc Modern Brii. Mut.

THE THIRTY-FIRST DAY.

A/ Ravenna, in Italy, tht deposition of St. GeRMAM, Con- fessor, aitd Bishop of Auxerre, who visited Great Brifain and txterminatid tht Felagian heresy^ — At Hunstock, in Cornxvall, the deposition of ST. N EOT, Confessor and Hermit.— At Tyburn, tlte passion of the BUsstd EverarU HaNSE, «•/«> suffered martyrdom for the Catholic Faith in the persecution of Queen Elixabttk,

372

MENOLOf

tJXJLY 31.

St. Cernuiii. St. GiCRMAN WIS onc of thc brightest lights Bp-,Cwd-. q|- jj^j. prcnch Church in the fifth ocntur)', being 448. equally distinguished for his gift of prayer, bis wonderful austerities, and his pastoral vigilance. Great Britain has a large share of the benefits which this Saint con- ferred on his fcUow-men. At a time when thc state of religion was lamentably depressed in the island, thc heresy of Pclagius, himself a Briton, b^an to be widely spread by his disciple Agricola. The British clergy, finding themselves unequal to the contest, asked for help from thc Bishops of Gaul, who determined that thc Bishop of Auxcrrc was thc fittest man for the work. It would also seem that he was especially approved or nominated by St. Celestine, the Pope St. German tcolc with llim St. Lupus, Bishop of Troycs. and thc tivo were gladly welcomed on their landing. They held a public disputation with the heretics, and by their learning and many miracles soon reduced them to silence. Thc Britons also acknowledged that their great success in a battle Willi the Picts and Saxons, known as thc Alleluia Victory, was due to thc sanctity of St. German. Before leaving thc island, St. German paid a visit of devotion to thc shrine of St. Alban, and left there precious relics of the Apostles and Martyrs, reverently taking instead a handful of earth stained with the Martyr's blood.

The evil, howe\'er, was checked but not eradicated, and after thc Saints had rctunied to their homes, it was again found necessary to recall St. German, The second time he came in company with St. Scvcrus, Bishop of Treves, and on this occasion his success was complete, and thc ignorant, wavering people fully confirmed in thc Faith by the astound- ing miracles he wrought. St. German once more relumed to his See. but his charity again made him a pilgrim. To obtain the Emperor's pardon for thc people of Brittany, who had incurred his displeasure, he journeyed to Ravenna, where he was seized with sickness and gave up his soul to God. He was venerated as a Saint by thc Emperor Valcntinian and his mother Placidia, as also by St Peter Chrysolt^s, the Bishop of that city, who eagerly divided amongst them-

JtJLT 31.]

MENOLOGT.

3;3

selves his garments and all that he had about him as precious relics. The sacred remains of Si. German were, by the Kmpcror's order, transported with great devotion and solemn pomp to Auxcrrc.

St Meot, St. Neot was a monk of Glastonbury Abbey, *^*"'A.D*™'»'hcrc he led a holy life, to the edification of all ; 880 c insomuch that the Bishop of the diocese, over- ruling his humility, insisted on promoting him to the priest- hood. Neot's aspirations were for complete solitude, and accordingly he retired to a hermitage in Cornwall, which had long before been sanctified as the abode of St Guicr, an ancient British Saint The boly man tvas nearly related to the royal house of Wesscx, and King Alfred, during his enforced concealment in Somersetshire, would visit him from time to time, to »cclc counsel as to the regulation of his own life, as also as to the public affairs of the kingdom. Among other nxommcndations, the holy man urged the King, as soon as he should have recovered possession of the throne, to establish public schools fortheeducationof his people, which has earned for him the title of founder or promoter of the Universities.

Before the Saint's death, a small community of monks had gathered round his cell, and these servants of God had the consolation of laying his sacred remains in the place he had chosen for his re&t. Ethelred, Eart of Mcrcia, and his celebrated wife Elhelfleda, the daughter of Alfred, afterwards translated his relics to Eynebury, in Huntingdonshire, which haa since been called Sl Neot's, and where an abbey was founded in the royal pakce. Sub&cqucntly the holy body was tranc^ferred for a time to Croyland, but afterwards re- stored to St. Neot's.

B. Zrenti The Blessed EveraRD Hanse was a native W«j*«' of Northamptonshire, and after studying at Cam- "S8i bridge, had been made a Protestant minister and provided with a rich benefice. A dangerous sickness was the means of bringing him to a sense of his peril, and after a conference with a priest, who is said to have been his brother, William Hanse, of Douay College, he was reconciled to the

374

MENOLOGY.

[JTTIiYSU

Chuich, and instantly quitting his preferment, went over to Rheims. There he followed the course of study for about two years, and became especially well versed in cases of con- science. Having been ordained priest, his great zeal for souls led him to ask to be immediately sent on the Miwion. After a short residence in London. Everard Hanse one day went boldly to the Marshalsea Prison to visit some Catholics there, and was arrested on suspicion of being a priest In his examination before the Recorder, he unhesitatingly acknow- ledged his character, his belief in the spiritual supremacy of the Pope and his infallibility in matters of faith. Many captious questions were put to him, In order to bring him in guilty of trea:«on a.s defined by the new laws, and among other things he was asked his opinion of the excommunica- tion of the Queen. His answers were sincere and uncompit^ mising, but coutd only be made treasonable by gross mis- representation. Nevertheless, he was condemned and led to Tyburn for execution. In his last moments the Martyr was molested by the ministers, who asked him to pray with them, which he refused to do, while desiring the prayers of ail Catholics present. He was cut down from the gallows while yet alive, and the rest of the barbarous sentence carried out When the hand of the executioner was actually on his heart,. the holy man was heard to exclaim; "O happy day". It wa.s currently reported that his heart more than once leaped out of the fire, into which it was repeatedly thrown, in a manner wliich appeared miraculous. _

Sl Gcnnaui. C*h. I, ). 3, 4, J. 7, g, Ti, t3<i. k, e. Mart. Rom.

t*. «3. 18. 34. J7. J9- <». S+> 56' 5*- ^'g- Whiif. Bar. ; Chal. 6>i O3. fl4> ^i' (^t 9l> 9S> loi- li''t- Bcda, L, c. 17 et ut).

St Neot Ctti. 41. S4- iS. 6). 67. 101. Hht. HicdcD (Galc>. ii.. p. is«.

MafU. l.L.QfonioOetJiM.Q.R. UUftd. Collect, iii.. p. 13. Leg. Tinm., fal. iii>i; C>pf;r.. fbl. iaiA:Nov. L«g.. fol. 1396; Whiif Sor. (8 July): W. 1 and 3 ; Chal.

B. £vcrud Huttc

Hill. Biidgwnter. Corwcrtaiio.rol. 78- Arehiv. WMtmon., ii, |>- 17J: Cau. Cliallonct'i MiM. Piinu, vol. i. ; loguct, Donay Diaiies. AkMv. W(9imon.,Ciumpney.p, ^sA

AUGUST.

THE FIRST DAY.

ExeR^ tht festwal of St. SinwELL, Virgin and Martyr.—At Winchester, Uu depositimi of St. EtHELWOID, Bis/iop and Con/essoK — At York, the passion of the venerable Martyrs, Thom.\s Welbourne and John Fulthering,

who suffered dearA for iiut'r zeal in the Catholic religion, undtr King fames T.

St SidweU, The sacred remains of St. SiDWEtL. Virgin ^AD ' ^"'' Mart>T. were burieU in the church which still 70c bears her name, outside the walls of Exeter. St. Sidwell, also called Satevola and SiTHi;rui,LV, is said to have Hvctl about the year 700, and to have been of an ancient British family. She had three sUters, also venerated as Saints — Juthwara (whose translation was celebrated at Shir- burn on the t3th July), Edwarc, and WilIgitl^

St.Ethdvroid. St. Ethelwold was a native of Winchester,

^^A-d""' ^'"' '^^ distinguished birlh. He was niucli beloved

9*4- by King Athclstan, and on his recommendation

received the clerical tonsure from St, El|iTicge the Elder, then

Bishop of that city. Before long he joined SL Dunstan at

GlBstonbiiry, and was made Dean of that Abbey. St. Ehin-

stan was favoured with a dream or vision, in which the

future greatness and holine-is of his disciple was revealed to

him ; and the promise at once began to be realised in the

benefits which the monastery gained by his administration.

Not only did he advance in piety, but at the same time he

made rapid progress in all good learning; so that when King

Edrcd sought for 3 worthy Superior for the Monastery of

Abingdon, which he was restoring, no fitter man could be

MENOl

[AUO. 1.

found than Ethclwold. In the course of the few years during which he held that oflicc, he succeeded in raiding the Abbey j from its ruins to a condition of great eminence, and bequeathed ' it a tradition of holy obscr\'ance, which long continued to be observed. When Edgar had become King of ail EnglandtJ and Dunstan was the Primate, the Sec of Winchester being' vacant, Ethelwold was at once chosen to fill that important position. He received consecration at the hajids of his grcat| master and guide, and became his zealous fellow-worker in all his holy enterprises.

Both Church and State were suffering from the fatal consequences of the Danish invasion, and the special duty of the bishops was tlic refurmatiun of the clergy and the restoration of the monasteries. The zeal of the newly- appointed Dishop of Winchester, and of Sl Oswald, Bishop of Worcester, in this arduous work is said even to have surpassed that of their illustrious patron, Sl Dunstan. Ethehvold's first duty was towards his own Cathedral Church i and finding the clergy hopck:i:}ly relaxed and unmindful of their high calling, he removed them from their chaige, and substituted a community of monks. The same was done at the New Monastery, near the Cathedral, which had been founded for St. Griinbald in the time of Alfred. Moreover, he founded or restored a community of religious women in the city, and provided a suFBeient maintenance for all these institutions.

This is bat a specimen of tlie benefits he rendered to his own flock, while at the same time his influence was felt in other dioceses. He becamt; possessor of several of the great abbeys in the Eastern counties, which had been left in ruins for near two centuries, among which were Ely and Thomey, where he established noble foundations of monks, enriching their church>» with the relics of many Saints, brought together from various places, particularly Nartliumbria, where they had remained in neglect since the Danish ra^'agcs. Peterborough also in a great measure o^vcs its rcneu'al to him, as he was the chief adviser of the Chan- cellor Adulph, in that great work of reparation. Another of

ATja. 1.]

MENOLOGY.

377

the conspicuous sets of St Ethclwold must not be pas»cd over in silence. The city of Winch es;ter, or rather the whole land, was indebted to him fur the translation of the glorious St- Swithin, which took place, as related, on the 15th July, and was an epoch in the general revival of religion then in prt^ress.

St. Ethelwold ruled his diocese for twenty-five years with unwearied Kcal and charity; and so continued was his gift of miracles, that it was a question whether the living pastor or his holy predecessor, Swithin, was the most \vonderful in this refpcct. Mis devotion to the poor was shown in a season of terrible famine, when, besides other efforts to save the perishing, he caused the sacred vessels of the churches to be broken up and sold on their behalf. One large work which he had greatly desired to complete was the rebuilding or restoration of his church. When this was accomplished, the Master, Whom he had so faithfully served, called him to the reward of his labours, to his own great joy, but to the deep sorrow of those he left behind.

V. Thomas The Venerable THOMAS WEtBOURN'K was a

^ftte""*' schoolmaster at Kitenbusliel, in Yorkshire, and

V. John the Venerable John Fulthering was another

taut, layraaii residing in the same county. They were *jP- both zealous Catholics, and by their efforts to induce their neighbours to embrace the Faith, became obnoxious to the persecutors. They were accord- ingly arrested, tried, and condemned on the charge of high treason, and suffered at York.

Si. SiJwell. Cal. II. Hitl. Olivet, Monaat. Exon. (AM.

Mart, Q. Suppl. p. ]8}.

St. Eth«lwo1d. Cat: 13, 13.39,05.67. ff'"- Malmtsb, Pont,, ii., J ri-

Jtfdrfi. Rom., I.. P. Q, R. MibHl. Aeu Sa Bened., txc. v.

Lfg- Tlnin. , fol. Xiji; Cnpfr., fol (Life b)^ Wolnun). llib; Nov. L<g., fol. i4ji; Whilf. Su.i W. I and I i Chal.

MMtyis. Hill. Wilwn'* CaUlogue [for Wei- Cti»lloner'j( Mil*. Priest*, vol IL bcume only).

378

MENOLOGY.

[Aira. 2, a

THE SECOND DAY.

At Canterbury, the commentoraticn of St. PlegmUKD, Arehhiskop and Confessor,

StPlegmiuid, PlEGMUND, or PleIMUND, lived many years AD *^ ^ hermit im Cesirict insula, and was eminent for PM- his learning, as well as solid virtues and religious Ufa He was one of the preceptors of King Alfred, who willingly saw him promoted to the chief bishopric of his kitigdom. J'lcgmund received consecration from Pope For- mosus, who also conferred on him the pallium, and confirmed the metropolitan jurisdiction of Canterbury. Various Sees were vacant at that time, and to provide for the wants of those churches, the Archbishop consecrated on one day no fewer than seven in his Cathedral. It was also he who crowned King Edward the Elder at Kingston, in the year 90a Plegmund enriched his church with liberal donations of land, but especially by the gift of the sacred relics of St. Hlaise, which he brought with him from Rome, in conse- quence of which that holy Martj-r received special honours in this countrj-. The .saintly prelate died in the year 914. and w%5 succeeded by Athctra.

Ltf!. Chal.

Hilt. Mi>lin««b. Pont., t., \ I4.

MolmKb. Ren., ii.. { 139.

Simeon Dunclni, t'Tw>-»d.. pp. ijit

150).

R^ulph rli Dicao (Twyld, \%X\.

Gerv)ue[Tw>'>d..p. 164^). Chion.. August (Twysd.. p. *%^\').

THE THIRD DAY.

The holy death of tht Venerable TlIOMAS Delcuum. Martyr, Priest of the OrtUr of St. Francis.

V. Thomas Though this holy friar only reached the age a*d!' "^ '*''" ^"'^^V'^'S^* years, he was already conspicuous *537> for his learning and his eloquence as a preacher. He was a strenuous opponent of the King's criminal proceed- ings in matters of religion, and wrote a book, which, however.

ATTO. 4.]

MENOLOGY.

379

I

was never published, on the vices of the Court, to which he added a severe reprehension of the many shortcomings of the bishops and clcrg>-. He was thrown into prison, and there left to die of starvation. When the holy man was reduced to skin and bone, he commended his soul to God with the words : " In Thee, O Lord, have I hoped, I shall not be con- founded for ever," and as he expired the prison shook, as from an earthquake. The King was startled to hear of this supernatural m;mifestation, and ordered the body to be decently buried. He also read the copy of the friars book, which he had with him in prison, and was so moved as to shed tears, though, unhappily, the good impression too soon passed away.

Jtiil, Wilson's Caialogue (jv.d. r6o8], Hope's Franciiican Manyr& Crftannen Seraphicuni. Medtin Britiifa Mart.

THE FOURTH DAY.

Af Tybuni, //te paisioH of a fuly comf>any of Martyrs who suffered under Henry VIII. for tJteir resolute defence of the spiritual authority of the Apostolic Ste-~-nmaely, tite Blessed WiLLtAN HOKNE, C'lirt/iustatt Lay Brother; fkc Venerable Edward Bromholm, />*«/; and the Venerable Clement

PtIILPOT, Layman.

Martvrs.

The RIcssed William Hokke. lay brother of the Charterhouse, had shared the terrible captivity of his nine holy brethren who perished from starvation and misery in 1537; but he survived that fearful peril only to be brought to execution a fe%v years later, on this day, for his constant perseverance in the true Faith. — The Venerable Edwakij BrOMIIOLM, or BrOMLEV, was a priial and chaplain of Lord Ltsic, and the Venerable CI.KMKNT Philpot, OF PHILIPS, a gentleman of Calais, in the service of the same nobleman, both sufTcred in the same cause. — Others also shared in ihcir victory on this day. We have the record of the names of THOMAS EmpSON, S,S.B., a monk of Westminster; LAWRENCE CoOK, Prior of

38o

MENOLOGV.

[Aua. s.

Doncasterj Giles HORNE and Edward Bird, gentlemen ; and of Darrv Genning, also a Uyman.

Ilht. wnMci's Catalogue (a. n. 1608); Sindcr. Schism (Eng. tiant.). p. 151 ! Stxrnc. Modetn Brii. MMt.

THE FIITH DAY.

Ott tkt field of ballif, in defttut of tlu Christian tause, tk« passien of St. Oswald, King and Martyr.

St. Oswald, St. Oswald was the son of Ethclfnd, the ^^0^'' g"^"^^* pagan warrior, who had united the two pro- 643. vinccs of Northumbria into one kingdom, and extended his conquests over the Welsh, slaughtering the monks of Bangor, according to the prophecy of St- Augu-stinc, Ethclfrid himself met his death in a battle with Redwald,^ Kin(; of East Anglia, and bis kingdom was ravaged and given to Edwin ; so that his sons were obliged to seek rcfuj among the Stots. There the three brothers, EanfridjOiiwali and OsH-y, were instructed in the Faith and baptised by the monks of Hy, or lona. After a time Eanfrid recovered a portion of his father's territory, but was no sooner on the throne than he renounced the Faith of Christ, as did Osric, who had divided Northumbria with him. Their apostasy soon met with its reward, and within a year both were put to death by the Welsh prince Cadwallon, who tyrannised over the land with the utmost barbarity. It was then that Oswald appeared to rescue his native laud. He collected a small force at a place called Dcnisburne, where he erected a wooden cross, himself supporting it while his men filled in the earth about it I-lc knelt down before the sign of redemption and commended the cause of his people to God, promi.sing, with the consent of his army, that if victory were granted all would embrace Christianity. His prayer was heard ; Cadwallon was slain and his army dispersed, and the place of the battle was thenceforth known as Heavenficld, and marked as a holy spot by a succession of miracles. St, Oswald's chief care was the conversion of his people, and he obtained from lona that

AUO. 5.]

MENOLOGY.

3»t

holy man, the Bishop Aidan, to undertake the Apostolic Mission. ]Iis Sec was fixed at LJndiafarnc, and from that place he went forth to prciich the Gospel to the people of Northumbria, the King giving him all possible assistance, and often serving as interpreter between the Irish pastor and his English flock.

St. Oswald was distinguished for his comi>assion to the poor and his gift of prayer. One Easter Day, as he sat at tabic with St. Aidan and others, a silver dish filled with dainties was placed before them, when his steward came to say that there was a multitude of poor at the door cr>-ing out for bread. St, Oswald ordered all that was on the dish to be given to them, and the precious metal itself to be broken up and distributed among them. It was then that St. Aidan prayed that thai right hand might never perish — a prayer accompli-slicd by its miraculous preservation in the royal castle of Hamburgh. So habitual was his prayer, that St. Oswald was accustomed to sit with his hands on his knees raised in the altitude of supplication. The holy King reigned during eight years, and, with the special blessing of God, became so powerful that all the inhabitants of the island are to haN-e acknowledged his sway.

Pcnda, however, the pagan King of Mercia, rose against him, and God permitted that this holy prince should receive the crown of martyrdom at his hands. Tliis took place at Mascrficld. generally thought to be near Oswestry, though some suppo.'ic it to be Winwick, in Lancashire. The last words of the Saint were a prayer, that God would be merciful to the .souls of those who fell in the battle. By order of Penda, the head and arms of St. Oswald were exposed on a stake, but the next year were taken away by his brother and successor, Oawy, the head to IJndis- fame and the arms to Hamburgh Castle, The body of the Saint, which had been buried, was translated by his niece Osthrj'tha, daughter of Oswy and wife of Ethelred, King of Mercia. to Bardncy Abbey, in the province of Lindscy, tlie tent in which it was laid being marked by a pillar of light reaching to heaven. The sanctity of Oswald was attested by

382

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. 6.

innumerable miracles, not only in England, but in Ireland and Germany, where his name was made known by St Willibrord and bis companions,

Calt, I, >, 3, 4, 3. 7. 9. It, 1311. b, e, Lif, Tiam., fol. »lii( Capgr., tei.

14, 15, 17. 18, >«. zfl. j7, 36. 4i| itoi ; Nov. Le£., foL 154a ; WhJiC

39' S>< 54- 5^- S^- il- ^- 63- ^< Sat.; W. londz; Choi.

&5i67>9'>9}. loJ- "**'■ Beds, iii., c 1 rl iff .

Mnrti. Rom.. E, F, 0. K, L, P, Q. B.

THE SIXTH DAY.

/I^ Winchester, t/u pious memory of ITenry OF Blois, ifu Bishop of that Set, greatly vtneraUd for his kdy li/c aud strvices w Ifu cause of rtligion,

Hvnryor This illustrious prelate was a monk of the

^'^■jf P- Order of St. Hcncdict and Abbot of Glastonbury, 1171. when, through the influence of his uncle, King Henrj' I., he was elected Bishop of Winchester, His exalted rank a-s a member of the royal family, and his influential position as Bishop of one of the chief dioceses, compelled him to tnkc a prominent part in the contest between the limprcss Maud and his own brother King Stephen. The natural consequence is, that his character and merits arc very difrer-< ently estimated by those of the opposite parties. It may said, however, that the general conviction was that he was holy man as >vell as a great prelate. Henrv enjoyed the confidence of the Pope, and was made Legate of the Holy See. He was also a friend of the Martyr St. Thomas of Canterbury, conferred on him the episcopal consecration, and never joined the other bishops, who took part against him. He was called to hia rest a few months only before the great Martyr won his crown. The name of Henry of Blois has been included in one of our later martyrologics, and is there- fore retained here, though it cannot be proved that the honours due to sanctJt)- were ever publicly paid to him.

The BolUndiiilK conclude llul ihcfc la no proof of £(•'/», ati'dAlfoid idrnttft •itak the place of hii butUl wu unknown.

l^. W. 1 and 3. iiiit. Bolland.. ind vol. or Au|im,

p. laj. inter PtxteiniiBi.

Ava. 7.]

Ml

THE SEVENTH DAY.

At Lancaster, t/u poisioR of thne glorious Martyrs, iht VtHtrabU EDWARD Bamber. Priest; t/u VtmrabU John Woodcock, Priest of the Order of St. Framis; and t/ie VemrabU Thomas WhitaKER, Priest, who suffered for t/ie Faith during flu eh'il wars in the reign of Charles T. — At York, the martyrdom of the venerable sen-ant of Cod, Nicholas Postgate. zv/w. after fifty years of faithful seniee in the Apostolic Mission, was rewarded with this gloriffKs crenva, in the time of Charles II.

V. Edward The Venerable Edward Bambich was born at ^^''j^jj^' ■ the ancient mansion-house of his family, in the Woodcock, Kylde, in Lancashire. After the first rudiments V- ThoraiB of his education at home, he was sent to the W'^'?>'*«"' English CoUcge at Valladolid, where he remained A-b. till he vva'i ordained priest It is not known in "^ what year he was sent on the Mission, but when in England he made Wmself conspicuous, even in those days of heroism, for his indefaligabtc labours among the Catholics. his zeal for the conversion of I'rotcslants, and his intrepidity in encountering the dangers attendant on his ca.lh'ng. After his arrest, he had to remain Utrcc years a prisoner in Lan- caster Castle, as the civil war prevented the regular course of the sLssizcs. When the trial at lengtli came on, Bamber exhibited a wonderful fortitude and courage in the defence of the truth ; but as two fallen Catholics swore that they knew him to be a priest, the judge had only to pass sentence upon him, which the holy man heard without evincing the least trouble or concern. At the place of execution the Martyr had the consolation of reconciling a poor criminal who was to suffer at the same time, and publicly absolved him, to the great displeasure of the ministers who were present.

The Venerable JOIIN WOODCOCK was bom at Clayton, near Preston, his father being a Protestant, but his mother a Catholic, who contrived to send him to Sl Omers, to be educated in the true Faith. He joined the English Fran-

384

lOLOGY.

[AUG. 7.

ciscans at Douay, and after his proression nnd ordination lemaincd some time in Flamlcrs as preacher and confessor before he was sent on the Mission. When in Hngland, Fr. Wowlcoclc performed all the duties of a zealous missioner, notwithstanding his frequent infirmities, until his great long- ing for a conventual life induced him to ask and obtain leave of his superiors to return to the Continent. During his resi- dence at Douaj-. he gave great edification to his brethren and others by his holy austerities and the admirable patience with which he bore his sufferings. But it cannot have been for long, Tor no sooner did he hear of the heroic mart>'rdom of Fr. Paul Heath, who had received him into the Order, than by his holy importunity he obtained permission to return once more to England. Fr. Woodcock landed at Newcastle, and was making his way to Lancashire, when he was seized tlie very first night, and committed by a magistrate to Lan- caster Castle. He had to \vait two years for his trial, and suffered greatly from the incommodities of his prison; but when sentence was pronounced (for he had acknowledged himself to be a priest and a friar), he was filled with holy joy, and broke oat into acts of thanksgiving.

The Venerable Thom.\s Whitaker was bom at Burnley, also in I^incashire. He was the son of a schoolmaster in that place, from M-hom he received his early education. Through the bounty of the Townlcy family, he was afterwards sent to the College at Valladolid, completed his studies, and was ordained priest Whitakcr rclumcd to Lancashire in 1638, and laboured five years on the Mission. Once during that time he was arrested, but contrived to escape and resume his dutie? ; but in 1643 he was again seized and secured in Lancaster Castle. His trial could not take place for three years, during which interval the holy ma,n was admired by all for his singular piety and continual prayer, as well as his tender charitj' towards his fellow -captives. He was, howex-er, by nature of a timid riisporition. and when on the way to execution gave evident signs of his perturbation of mind. This caused some anxiety to his fellow-MartjTs, but, happily,- by God's grace they were able so to encourage and fortify

ATJQ. 7.]

MENOLOGY.

385

him, that he met his death in the most perfect dispositions. The execution of these great servants of God. at least of the two former, was performed with great barbarit)', doubtless to the increase of the glory of the crown, which they were to receive from the Divine Master.

V. NicholM The venerable servant of God, NICHOLAS ort^u, M-.po.STGATE, was born at Kirkdalc House, in the «<S79- parish of Egton, In Yorkshire. His parents, who were Catholics, and great sufferers for the Faith, pLiccd him at die College at Douay for his education. Having received Holy Orders, he was sent on the Mission to his native county. and there he laboured patiently for the long period of fifty years, to the great profit of souls, many hundreds of whom he reclaimed from error and vice. Hi^i residence wa.t on a bleak moor called Blackamoor, about five miles from Whitby, from which he ministered to the spiritual wants of the ncigh- bourhoocL At the time of his seizure he was at the house of a Catholic near Whitby, whither he was traced by a notorious enemy of Catholics, and, together with tiis host, committed to York gaol. Postgatc w.13 arraigned on the charge of his priest- hood, without any mention of Oatcs' plot ; and as there were witnesses who attested that they had $cen him cxcrciiie priestly functions, he was at once declared guilty, and the 7th August fixed for his triumphant exit from this sorrowful world. As he had been all his life learning to die, the sentence was in no w.iy unwelcome to him. Certain pious persons visited him in prison, to whom, in order to console them in their aflfliction. he made a prophecy, which was remarkably ful- filled shortly aftcrH-ards. He said but little at the execution, but declared that he died for the Catholic religion, out of which there is no salvation. He prayed for the King, forgave everyone, asked foi^iveness of all, whom he might have offended, and so gave up his soul to God, at the age of more than eighty years. His body was quartered according to the sentence, but the sacred remains were given to his friends for

25

386

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. a

burial. A hand of this illustrious Martyr was preserved with veneration at Douay College.

Hist. CerUTTien Sctaphicum. Douay Diaries.

Challoncr's Miis. Ptl«i», vol. il

THE EIGHTH DAY.

/« St Paul's Churchyard, t/u passion of the Bhsstd JOHN Fei.TON, Martyr. — At York, the martyrdom of tite Venerable John Finglow, Priest and Missioner of the Ccllegc of Rkeims.

B. John Blessed JoHN Feli'ON belonged to a family

A*!) ' °'" d'stinction, and was the father of Thomas 1570. Felton, who suffcreti for the Catholic Faith in U»e year 1588. So great was the /cal of John Feiton. that when a copy of the excommunication pronounced against Elizabeth by Pope St. Pius V. was placed in his hands, he resolved, at whatever risk, to make It public, in the hope that it might be the means of recalling some at least of his fellow-countrymen from their fatal schism. Accordingly, with his own hands, he affixed the document to the gate of the bishop's palace on the festival of Corpus Christi. There it remained unnoticed by the officers till eight o'clock the next morning, and was read by many passers-by. Me was advised by n friend to make his escape out of England, but refused to do so, pre- ferring to leave the issue entirely in the hands of God. When arrested on suspicion, and asked what he thought of the Bull, his answer was, that if it really came from the Pope it must be obeyed, on which he was committed for trial. When brought before the Judges, Felton boldly acknowledged bis act, to save others from an unfounded suspicion, and was in consequence condemned as guilty of high treason.

The sentence was executed in St Paul's Churchyard, in front of the Bishop's residence, with the usual barbarity. On approaching the spot, the Martyr was for a moment seized with a natural fear of so horrible a death, but a short and fervent prayer soon brought back his constancy of mind. He

AUG. 9.]

M EN O LOGY.

5S7

could not admit that he had injured tlie Queen, but humbly begged forgiveness of all whom he had really offended.

V.John The Venerable JOitN FiNCLOW was bom at

'''''^D.""'^*''"^^>'' '" Yorkshire, and educated at the •5^. English College then at Rhcims, Having been made priest, he was sent on t]\c English Mission on the 24th April, 1581. He was allowed a longer time for his apostolic labours than Tell to the lot of many of his fellows, and employed the interval most profitably in tlie sen-icc of souls. At length, however, he was arrested and sent to York gaol. His trial followed, and he was condemned, merely for being a priest and reconciling the Queen's subjects, to all the penalties of high treason, which were rigorously c;(ccutcd. One of the ancient catalogues, that of Molanus, remarks that "he suffered with that generous courage which seems to have been natural to the seminarists from the very beginning, and with an ardent zeal for the confirmation of religion".

B. John Feltoti. Hilt. Bridswalec'i Conceitatio, fot.

Sander. SchUm (Enf. inn«.), p. Ji6.

and nolc ,

StOVrC.

V, John Fintftow. Hill. Cfialloner's M i»a, ]*ric*lv, vol. i, Pouay Uiaciee.

Archiv. We»tinon.,C hsLinpney.ii. 83J Caxaioguiet.

THE NINTH DAY.

A/ the Abbey of Melrose, the deposition ofStT. Waltheof, Abbot and Confessor. — At Durkirn, ///*■ passion of three veturabfe strvants of God, Mnrlyrs — liiQVl.xs PauisOK, Priest, John Norton, asrfJoiiN Talbot — wlto suffered for

tlie Calkolic religion, under Queen Elisabeth.

Sl Wadthcof, St. Waltheof was the son of Simon dc Liz, *''a.d"^'' ^*''* ^^ Northampton and Huntingdon, and by "Sfr his mother nearly allied to the Norman Kings of England and the Kings of Scotland, and when he chose the monastic state, abandoned tlie most brilliant prospects in the world. He was elected second Abbot of Melrose, after its

388

MENOI.OGY.

[AUG. a

restoration on the new site, which he ruled c!cven years, and then passed to a better life on the 9th August, 1 1 59L Af^ some ycirs a more honourable tomb was prepared for him. and on the 22nd May, 1 171, in the presence of the Bishop of Glasgow and four abbots, the grave was opened, and the body of the holy man was found entire, even his vestments remaining uninjured.

Solemn Mass was celebrated with great joy. and all exclaimed ; " This was indeed a man of God ".

The Abbot WaltheoT wu the >on of Simon de Lii. £u1 of Nonhunptoa and Htntingilon. Iiy tuK wire Maod.daughtct of Waltheof, Carl of Northumbet* bind, by Judilh. nieco of Williain Ihs Conqueror, Maud raarritd, c«c«ndl]r, IHvid I.. iCing ofScaUand.uidw-umothef of Malcolm IV,

V. Thonuu The Venerable Thomas P.\la50R was bom in

'^l^^^' tiie parish of Boulton, in Yorkshire, and went to

V. John Nor study first at Rheims, and afterwards at Valia-

VjoS^'dolid. In the latter place he was ordained, and

***'Miiftvi^ thence sent on the Mission, with a high character

A.D. (too. for virtue and learning. He was apprehended in tlte house of the Vcn. JoilN XoKTON, a gentleman of the family of Norton-Coniers ; and together with him tt-cre also arrested Mr. and Mrs, Norton, and the Vcn. JOHN Talbot, a Yorkshire gentleman, for being in his company and assisting him, Tliey were all brought to trial at Durlmm, and con- demned to death, Pnla.sar a& a. priest, and the others for aiding and abetting him. They might have saved their lives by consenting to go to the Pn>tcstant Church ; but as they gene- rously refused to do this, tlic)- all suffered death. Hilh the exception of Mrs. Norton, who was reprieved.

8t. Waltbcof. ManjTs.

m$f. Ilenri^oci, Monol. Ciwer. (9 Hhl. Challoncr'iiMiw- Priw«>.»-o«. i.

Aug., Widleneui). WorUiln«ton'i Rduion of 16 M«i-

Quonklc of Mkilioae (Gate. vol. !.), tyn.

n\ 167-8-7I, Aichiv. Wtttoioa. vol. iv.. p. 115.

' ■< » Chanipnc)', p.

9<Hi CoUkgUM.

ATJO. 10, 11, IQ.] MENOLOGY.

389

THE TENTH DAY.

^U Stafford amf at Croyland, f/u holy memory of St. Bet- TELIN, Confessor and AncJioriU,

St. BettcUn, St. Beitelin, Of Berthelm. as he is somc-

^^■- times called, was a dLsciple of St. GuthUc, and 7» c- lived, as did se\*eral others, in a cell near Croyland. This kind of life he continued under Kenulph, the Saint's successor, and ended his days in great sanctity. It is con- jectured that his relics, or a considerable portion of them, were translated to Stafford, before the destruction of Cioyland by the Dares. However this may be, it was in Stafford and the neighbourhood that St Bcttclin was honoured with especial veneration.

Ltg. Ntrtii LeR..;foI. 506; W, 1 and HiK. Ingulph (Oito, irf. i.,p. s>. 1; Chal. BollandiBtB. g Septambec.

THE ELEVENTH DAY.

At Gloucester, the passion of (he VtKtrabit JOHN SANDYS, Martyr and Missionary Priist.

V. John The Venerable John Sandvs was a native of

^"a.^ " ' *hc diocew of Chester. He studied at the College *5*S- at Rhcims, was ordained priest, and sent on the Mission in 1584. I-'rom that time till the day of his arrest he was most diligent in the exercise of his sacred office ; but being tried and convicted on the charge of beinj; a priest, in contradiction of the new law, he was condemned lo the penal- ties of high treason, and suflcrcxl at Gloucester.

Hat. Cballoner'fl Miis. PilctU, vol. i. Archiv. Wcslmon., Chiunpney,p.8j4; Donay Diaile*. CRtaloguca.

THE TWELFTH DAY. At Canterbury, tlu deposition of ST. Jamhert, Arthbiskop and Confessor. — At Ruthin, in North IVa/fs, the martyrdom of t/u yeneradl^ CuAR\je& ^\ .\\iO\iV , Priest and Frandscan Friar, who suffered for his priestly eharaetir in tfu reign of CkarUs II.

390

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. la.

St. janibert, Jambert was Abbot of St. Augustine's at AD Canterbury, when he was chosen successor of 79'- Bregwin in that See. He exercised his .sacred function with great piety and zeal ; but it was during his pontificate that the Metropolitan Church was deprived of a great part of its jurisdiction. OflTa, the powerful King of Mcrcia, had been led into variou.s disputes with the kingdom of Kent, and was especially prejudiced against the /Vrch- btshop, and itccordingly reiiulvcd that hi.s subjects should be entirely withdrawn from the prcivincc of Canterbury. In jiursuancc of this a council or conference was convened, in which the bishops present agreed to petition the Holy Sec for the erection of a new archbishopric. Pope Adrian consented to their request, and conferred the pallium on Adulph, who was the first and only Archbishop of Lich- field and the kingdom of Mercia and its dependencies. This division took place in A.D. 786 or 787, and was not reversed until the time of Jambert's successor. The holyij man survived some years longer, and then resigned his' soul to God in the year 790. He was buried at St Augus- tine's, as all his predecessors had been, with the exception of the last t>vo.

The ilatcD aic coiiocicd according to Haddoa and Siubbx

V. Chailea The Venerable CHARLES MahONV was an 0 S F Pnest ^'''sliman, who had made his solemn profession in A.D- the Order of St. Francis, and had received the priesthood. We have no particulars of his lifc^ and he never exercised his ministry in this country ; but as he was returning to Ireland from .some place abroad, he was driven by a storm on the English coast. He was making his way across the island to some port in Wales, when he was discovered to be a priest, and sent to Denbigh for trial on the charge of high treason. Fr, Maliony admitted his sacred character, but denied the legality of his sentence, as he had never exercised it in England. The plea, however, was not allowed, and he was sent to Ruthin for execution. He accepted death with great constancy and joy, forgave his

LTJO. lai

MKNOLOGV.

persecutors, and prayed for the King and his conversion to the true Faith. The Martyr was cruelly cut down, while yet alive, and quartered according to the iniquitous law.

St. Junbcn. Call. 14. 4fi. +S. M»rtt. L, M, Q. Leg. Ch3l.

Hist. FlOf. ; Malmrab. Poni., !., ) 7.

V. ChaHwMaliony. Mill. Challonc('« Miaa, Prietct. voL ii.

THE THIRTEENTH DAY.

At Fritzlcr, i« //t'ssf, the deposition of St. WlCBERT, Cm- ft4Sor and Abbot. — At Warn'lck, the passion of tlu VemrabU William Freeman, Priest, who suffered martyrdom in e/ie

ptrsecHtioH of Elisabeth. — At Exeter, the martyrdom af James DOUDAL, Layman, at wJtese graxfc miracles were reported to ftavt taken place.

St-Wlrbert, There were several holy men named Wigbert, h^.' ^""^ ^" ^^ English birth, who flourished about the 747- same time in the eighth century, The Saint who is commcmonitcd on this day must be distinguished from St, Wigbert the companion of St. Egbert, who had attempted to preach the Gos^icl to the Frisians, but had been compelled by their hostility to abandon the work, aftcnvards accomplished by St. Willibrord. The holy man of whom we now write was a monk cither of Glastonbury or Wimbornc, as appears from a letter of his own, and was called to Germany by St. Boniface, to assLit htm in his hemic undertaking. On his arrival, the gicat missioncr at once appointed him to the government of the Abbey of Fritzlcr, to reform what was amiss and establish it in the rules of sound discipline. This w&s effected so thoroughly and so rapidly by WiGDERT, that be was next deputed to bring about the like happy restoration at the Abbey of Ortdorff. There also God blessed his efforts ; and in the two communities he had the happiness of training a ntimbcr of faithful hcr.ild4 of the Goupcl. He obtained the leave of St. Boniface to return to Fritzler, which he regarded as his own monastery ; and there, loaded with years and good

393

MENOLOGY.

(AUG. 13.

works, went to receive his heavenly reward. He was buried in a bumble grave ouLside the church, which soon became the scene u( many miracles ; and so great was the devotion felt towards him, that when an invasion of Saxons was expected, his remains were carried for safety to a neighbouring town, where his powerful protection over his clients was shown by many signs. God, however, made known by a vision to St Witta or Albinus, Bishop of Duraburg, that the Abbey of Hirsfeldt was to be the final repository of this treasure. The translation was effected about the year 780 by St. Lull, the successor of St Boniface at Mayencc ; and to the possession of these relics the celebrity and prosperity of that Abbey is in a great measure due.

V. Wiliiam The Venerable W11.LIAM FREEMAN, who was Pi^st!Mm. somctimej. known by the name of M.VSON, was a AD- native of Yorkshire, and became a student and priest of the College at Rhcims, He was sent into England in 15S9, but no particulars of his missionary labours have been preserved. except that, hearing that the magistrates of the neighbourhood in which he was staying had resolved to institute a rigorous search after priests, he thought it best to retire to another county, and there at once fell into the hands of the pursuivants. The Martyr was prosecuted and condemned in the usual form on account of his priesthood, chiefly at the instigation of Whitgift, the Protestant Arch- bishop of Cantcrbur)'. On hearing his sentence, he jc^-fully sang the Te Deutn. in thanksgiving for so great a grace. On his way to the place of execution he carried a crucifix, and protested that he would gladly lay down many lives for the sake of Him, Who had suffered for him. Certain malefactors were executed at the same time, and Freeman wished to be the first to mount the ladder ; but the favour was not granted, in the hope that the sad spectacle might shake his constancy. Quite contrar)', however, was the result, and the holy nUili cevntentcd himself with crying out : "As the hart desires th< fountains of water, so docs my soul after Thee, my Oh ! when shall 1 come and appear before Thy fare ? " His'

iva. 14.]

MENOLOGY.

393

serenity and the joy of ht5 countenance was a source of ImiratJon and edification to all.

V.Iamea The Venerable JaMES Doudal was a native

^'io "" "^ Wexfofd, in Ireland, and a merchant. He was iSW- hanged, bowctlcd, and quartered, for denying the spiritual supremacy of the Queen. John Mullan, of Cork, ttriting of him, says that up to that time his burial-place con- tinued to be illustrated with miracles.

St. Wigbefi. Marli. Rom., C. Lfg. \V. 1 and i ; Chal. ; Mayencc

Brev. Suppl. Hit). Mabill., Acta SS, Bened.. nax.

Hi., [>. I i vol. ii.. !>. &32.

Mattyn, Hiit, Douay Diuic* ; Cliallonci'H

Ui». PricstE. vol. i. Afchiv. Weslmon., Champncy, pp.

911.977; CatalogucB. Vepex.

THE FOURTEENTH DAY.

At KIst. in /lij/nviu. in Holland, the deposition of St. Werknfkid, Confusor.

St Wwcn- WEKENKRrn was one of the numerous English- ^ A.D. ' '"'^" *****° devoted themselves to tjic conversion of T&J. the kindred race of the Old Saxons on the Con- tinent. He is usually supposed to have been one of St WiUibrord's first companions, and lo have sailed with liim from Ireland at the bidding of St Egbert, but his life leaves it doubtful whether he actually accompanied tbc great mis- vioncr, or followed hiin some years later. After various employments among the Frisians, Wcrenfrid was sent by St Willibrord to the isle of Batavia, which had been given to him by Charles Martel, and established himself at Elst There he built a church, and exercised a fruitful mission, until, urged by his zeal, he proceeded to Westcrvoost, near Amhcim, and while labouring there was seized with a fever, which he fore- told would be the end of his earthly course. He gave up his soul to Gud with* singular piety, and assisted by the religious incn whom he called together.

A heavenly odour pervaded the place of his death and eht

394

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. IG.

neighbourhood, inspiring all with sentiments of devotion and veneration for the servant of God. A dispute arose between the inhabitants of Westcrvoost and Elst for the honour of possessing his sacred remains, which was terminated by a miracle, through which the Saint clearly indicated that Elst was to be the place of his repo&e. There his relics were duly honoured, until they were profaned by the heretics in the year 1588; after which sacrilege the ashes and fragments, which could be collected, were reverently preserved by the faithful.

Uerls. H, Q, R. L<^-. W. I and I ; SuppI, £rtv.

Chal.: Utrecht

Hilt. Boll. («th vol. of A<is.).Z7 Au

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

At the Priory of Catcsby, i« Northampumihirt, the pious memory of tiu Iwly sisters MARG.\Rli;T and ALICE, Virginia and suceessivtfy Prioresses of that house.

Maigartt and From the life of St Edmund, the Archbishop *^^-^^^^^-\\c learn that when his pious mother on her death- 1257 and 1270. bctl committed his two sisters to his guardianship, '^^' lie ascertained, to his great joy, that both of them desired to cnibrace the religious state. He lost no time in fu!6Wing this pious obligation; and before he returned to resume his studies at Paris, had the satisfaction of placing them in the Benedictine Priory of Catcsby. which he chose a.s being at that time small and poor, and best fitted for the high aims of the religious life. These sisters were Margaret and Alice, who, as the records of the priory show, became successively Prioresses, Margaret dying in the year T257, and Alice surviving till 1270. It appears that lliey ted most saintly lives, and that after deatli their tombs were honoured with miracles.

Wc have no authority for the miraclet but that o\ Matthew Puix, who *t.j% of Market thnt <ht wu "1 nk-oman of urut holinctt. by reuon of whoia eminent mciiw mira«lu Uione fonli". Of Alice. «hoK dcftth, by enor, lie placet in the usic you, he add* : " A tedtitc of rcnuukaUc faotuicM and inno-

AUG. 16.]

MENOLOGY.

395

cenct, « wImxic tomb nuiaclu ate icpoctcd to be i«ifi3mied ". The Bollftndistt lay of Mnrgiiet {vol. uixvl , ot jid vo\. of Aug.. p. 200) Ih&t they utspend their notice in h^pei of mote Mtitbctoir informstion,

Dufcdale Monut., rol, iv. , p. 3O0. Matt Paris, Chten. Mag., a.d. 1157.

Us. W. I and 1 1 Chftl, Hitf. UfcofSt. Edmund.

THE SIXTEENTH DAY.

At Plocnnel, /« Drittatiy, the deposition ef St. ARMEL, Confessor and Abbot.

Sl Araiei, Akmel was one of the many scr\-ants of God

Abbw, Co»f.,^^,j,Q jpfj jjjpj^ native country. Great Britain, in the

SS* fifth and sixth centuries, to seek a life of holy solitude in Brittany. In bis youth he was rcmarltablc for ^eat piety and for a knowledge of letters, superior to that of his companions ; but he felt that God called him to a literal observance of the Gosjiel counsel to abandon his father's house, his country, and all he possessed for Mis sake. He embarked with a number of companions, and landed at Ack, in the dioeese of L^on. where a community was formed, of which he was chosen Superior. Here the pious strangers led 8 most holy and edifyinf; life, until the reputation of their virtues reached Childcbett, King of France, who called them to his Court The good solitaries found that this was no place for them, and .soon obtained leave to return to their monas- ter>-, with the exception of Armcl, whom the King insisted on keeping with him, that he might profit by his prudence and advice. It was six years before he could obtain his freedom, and then Childebert presented him with land in the countiy of Rennes, and sent him thither to found an abbey, that he might have him nearer at hand than in his former residence. There the Saint made new advances in the way of perfection, living in continual union with God, performing many deeds of charity towards his neighbour, converting the pagans still found in the country, and exercising his gift of miracles for the benefit of all. The day of his death vv.^s revealed to him lonfj before, and fell on the l6th August, aficr he had celebrated tlie Holy Sacrifice of the Altar, His

396

MENOLOG1

[AUG. 17.

tomb is still shown, and his relics are preserved in the parish church of Ploermcl. The shrine was vJolaled in the great Revolution, but the sacred remains were collected by n pious woman, and in better days restored to the veneration of the faithful.

Calt. Variouidioeeiet ef Brituny.

Hitt. Lebineaa. Sainu At ItreUgne, L, p. 146.

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY.

j4/ the Abbey of Old Melrose, the h&fy memory of tiie servant of God, Drithklm, Confessor.

Drlthdm, This servant of God was a married man and a

^^■' householder at a place called Cuningham. in the 700c. country of the Northumbrians. He was seized '■ with sickness and died one evening, his wife and kindred remaining to keep watch during the night In tbc morning, to the terror of all present, he arose and told his wife that, in truth, he had been dead, but was sent back to the world to lead a new life far different from the past In the interval he had had a ma&x fearful vision, in which the pains of I'urgatory had been most vividly represented to him. After some hours spent in the church, he came to XaVc leave of his family, and forthwith betook himself to the Abbey of Melrose, of which Elhelwold, afterwards Bishop of Lindis- farne, was tlicn Superior. Here he was accepted as a monk, at the instance of King Aldfrid, who had heard his narrative and took pleasure in conversing with hitn. From this time Urithclm began a course of the most severe penance and sc!f- infliction ; it being his cu-stom, among other things, to plunge himself up to the neck in the Tweed, and there remain as long as it was possible, reciting prayers and psalms, and when obliged to come to the bank he would never change his drip* ping garments. When asked how it was possible to endure such cold, he would answer : " I have seen colder places than that"; and again, when asked how he could support those continued hardships, bis answer was : " I have seen harder

ADO. la]

MENOLOGY.

39?

things than these". Thus he persevered in his longing desire of the good things of heaven, until he was called out of this world, and was by his words and his example the cause of salvation to many.

Lt£. Cha.1, (I BepL). Hut. Bedi,v., c ix

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY. Ai Rome, iJu deposition of St. HELEN, Bmfiresj, Widmc

St Helen, The writers of Engh'sh history, at least from wffow*' *'^'^ t^v'elfth century downwards, have unanimously AD. regarded St. Hei,EU as a native of this island, and of British origin. The conclusion of modern his- torians is at variance with this, and it appears to be now generally admitted that she was born in the province of Bithynia, in A^ia Minor, at a place called Drcpanum, which her son Constutitinc named Hclenopolis in her honour. How- ever the truth may lie, a lonK prescription, and Ihc devotion of our ancestors, who dedicated so many churches in her honour, may well entitle us to the privilege of retaining the name of St Helen among the Saints of Britain. Helen was brought up In paganism, and was still a pagan when .she mar- ried the illustrious general Constantius Chlorus, by whom she became the mother of Constantine the Great, the first Christian Emperor. When Constantius was chosen by Maximian Hcr- culeus to be his associate in the empire, he was obliged to repudiate Helen, who was of inferior rank to himself, and marry Theodora, the Emperor's daughter. As soon, however, as Constantine succeeded to the empire, he made it his busi- ness to repair the wrong done to a mother, for whom he had the greatest rcvxrcnce and affection, caused her to be pro- claimed Augusta or Empress, and placed the treasures of the world at her disposal.

It wasj not until after the miraculous conversion of her son that Helen cmbraccxi Christianity, when she was already of mature age. But she made it the work of her remaining years to redeem the time, which had been lost in ignorance

398

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. 18.

or the true Faith. At once she appears as a model of alt Christian virtues, or rather of the highest pt-rfection. Her piety and alms-deeds were an example, not only to her son, who delighted to second all her holy projects, but to all who were gifted with wealth and worldly influence. Her unlimited rci^ourccs were employed in building churches, sup- porh'rtg the poor, providing for religious coininunitic;*, and the splendid maintenance of divine worship. So great was her love of the house of Gotl, that, as St Gregory- the Great reports, she would lay aside all state, and in a plain dress assist among the people at the divine offices.

The great honour reserved by God for this His faithful handmaid was the discovery of the True Cross on which our Blessed Lord suRered for our redemption.

As soon as Constantinc became master of the liast his thoughts were turned to the holy places of Talcstinc, and be wrote to Macariua, the Bishop of Jerusalem, about his project of building a magnificent church on Mount Calvary, the holiest spot in the world. .St. Helen, though then fourscore years of age. gladly undertook the .superintendence of the work, to which she was encouraged by various revelations or heaven- sent visions. She had the consolation of satisfying her devo- tion by erecting churches on many holy sites, abundantly succouring the poor, establishing a community of holy virgins, and, above all, the supreme happines-i of discovering the true and adorable Cross on which our salvation was accomplished The certainty of the discovery was attested by striking mira- cles, recorded b>' contemporary writers, and the memory of the event is annually celebrated by the Church on the 3rd May, the Feast of the Invention of the Holy Cross. The greater part of the precious Wood was left by the Saint, enclosed in a silver case, under care of St. Macarius, the Bishop, to be exposed on certain occasions to the veneration of the faithful ; and another large portion was sent to Con- stantinople to the Emperor, by whom it was received with due devotion and richly enshrined. The sacred Nails were provide ntl.illy discovered at the same time ; and one of them was enclosed by the piety of the Empress in a diadem to be

AUO. 19.]

MENOLOGY.

399

worn by her son, and another in a bridle for his horse, to be his ?iurc protection in all dangers.

When this great work was accomplished, the holy Empress returned to Europe, artd after taking an afTcctionatc lca%'c of her son and giving him many wise counsels, at length gave up her soul to God. in or near Rome, where her funeral was celebrated with extraordinary honours, by command of Con- stantino The relics of St, Helen were translated from Rome to the Abbey of Hautviiliers. in the diocese of Rheims, where various miracles attested her sanctity.

Mart, Rem. Hist. Ample MaloialR br LIfc, in

Ltg. Nov. Leg., fol. I73t ; W. t and EuKbiui, RuSiniis, Sooatet) Sc. 2 \ Chal. Ambrace, &c.

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

At tfte Abbey of Evesham, iiu deposition of St. CrEDAN, Ce>Hfessor and Abbot. — At Za.r\h\c:, ilu jMssion of the VtnerabU ClIRTSTOPlCER ROBI.NSON, Prifst, Martyr midir Queni Eliza' bttlt. — At Dorchester, in Dorset-, the martyrdom of lAi Vene- rable Hugh Green, who shed his blood for t/u Faith in the rfi^ of OiarUs I.

St Crrdon, St. CrGDAK was the eighth Abbot of Evesham A.D '" succession to St. Egwin. He governed this 781 c- great inonastcr>- in the time of Offa of Mercia, and his name appears in several charters of thsit poivcrful King. There is little record of his .■\cts during his life, but after death he was venerated as a Saint, and an endowment was made to bum a candle before his sepulchre day and night on his annual festival. About the year 1055, the Abbot Manny erected a shrine in his honour ; and when, in consequence of some doubt which had arisen, tlie authenticity of his relics was tested by 6rc in the year 1077, the flame refused to touch tlicm. This miracle led to their solemn translation, and during the cere- mony, they appeared to the beholders to shine like gold. It was also noticed as a prodig>'. that when the tower of the chi!rcb fell AD. 1207, and mined almost everything contained

4O0 MENOLOGY. [AtTO. 19.

wiihin its walls, the shrine of St Credaii, as well as those of St. Egwin and St Odulph, remained uninjured.

V. Christo- The Venerable CHkiSTOPHER Robinson was Roblnaon M '""'" ^^ Woodsidc, in Cumberland, and became a A.D. sludent and priest of die English College at ^^' Rheims. He was sent to England in 1592, and exercised his mission in his native county. After some years be was apprehended and sent to prison, and during that interval had several conferences with the Protestant Bishop of Carlisle, whose name was also Robinson. This man did all he could by per^iuasions and promises to induce the Martyr to renounce his faith ; but he finnly resisted all these allurements and fair speeches, and was condemned to death for his priestly character. The meekness of his behaviour at the execution, his sweet words and countenance, toyether with the constancy with which he died, touched the hearts of many and led to numerous conversions.

V. Hugh The Venerable I luon Green, who wa.i known *''^*D " *"' ''^^ Mission by the name L>f Ferdinand Brooks. 164Z. was horn in I-ondon, and educated £is a Protestant at the University of Cambridge Becoming a convert to the Faith, he went over to Douay, and while a student of the College was ordained priest. .After this it was hi.s intention to have entered the Order of St. Francis, among the Capu- chins ; but, from failure of health or some other reason, he abandoned the project, and u'ns sent on the Eng^lish Mission, His station was at Chideock, in Oorsetshirc, at the residence of Lady Aiundcll, where he laboured for many years., When Charles 1, issued his proclamation, ordering all priests to leave the countr>' within a limited lime, Hugh Grctn intended to avail himself of it, and went to the port of Lyme Regis for that purpose ; but having- declared himself to be a priest, he was told that the time had elapsed, and that he must submit to an arrest He was accordingly tried and condemned to death, and on hearing the verdict publicly gave thanks to God. He remained full of courage to the last, and on hearing

AUa. 30.]

MENOLOGY.

401

that two women, who were to be executed at the same time, wished to be reconciled to the Church, did his utmost to obtain access to them, but in vain. They therefore sent to ftsk for absolution, when they should be at the foot of tlie gallows, which he had the consolation of imparting to them. He was also privileged to receive tliis sacrament himself from a Jesuit, who rode up to him at the place of execution. The fervour of the holy Martyr made a deep impression on the bystanders, and the words he addressed to them were most impressive. He was cut down before death, and the butcherj' perpetrated %vith unusua] barbarit>', while he was heard to call upon the sacred Name of Jesus. The sheriff" had given the body to Lady VVilloughby and other Catholics who were there, but the »av.tge mob would not allow them to approach, and for several hours remained on the ground, playing at football with the vencra,tcd head of the Martyr of Christ

^H^ Si. C'cdan.

^^r Call. JO. t>i. 6S (19 Auk.).

^H Ue- VJhUl Add. (10 Au£.).

^^1 Hitt. E\«»hatn Cliron. (RolU), pp.

^H 7b. 87, 3oS. 133-4.

tliil. UouHy Diuio ; Challoner's Miai. Pricet», voli. L and ii

ChinUi, Patma Cl«ri.

Arctiiv. WeBimon., Cbampncy, p. 969; Cunloguc*.

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

At Gilling. near Richmond, in Yorkshir/, the passion c/ St. Oswin, Khig and Alartyr.-'Al York, the deposition of St. Edbert, Confessor, and sometime King of North- umhria.

St. Oswin, On the death of St Oswald the Martyr, who

*^"^J""-'had ruled the whole of Northumbria in right of

«5i- conquest, the province of Dcira returned to the

family of its ancient princes, then represented by Oswin,

cousin of King Edwin.

St Oswin was endowed with all the gifts of nature which

26

403

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. ao.

befit a king. He was tall in person and fntr to behold, singu* larly cheerful in manner and nfTable to .ill, bountiful in his favours 10 all, of whatever dcgrea It is no wonder that he was universally beloved, and that the mast noble persons of all the neighbouring distriets flocked to his service But his supernatural graces were stil! more pcmarkable, of which his perfect humility is a suRicJent proof. St. Oswin had pre- sented to St Aidan one of his beat horses^ with its regal trappings, to serve him in crossing rivers or on other occasions in his apostolic journeys. The Ilishop accepted the f»ift, but soon gave it away to a poor man whom he met, and on whom he had nothing else to bestow. The King was somewhat di.iple.ased on hearing this, and gently reproved the Saint for his excess of liberality; but Aidan reminded him that the poor man was the son of God, and that it was little to give a horse to supply his needs. These words readied the heart of the King, and as he stood over the Brc waiting for hi.s repast, he suddenly unbuckled his sword and went and knelt before the Bi.i;hop, begging him freely to make use of all he had to bestow it on the sons of God. St. Aidan was seized with a holy fear on seeing these fruits of divine grace. He rose, however, and persuaded the King to -sit down to table. The King was cheerful, for his soul was at peace ; but the tears of St. Aidan began to flow, and turning to his companion, he said, in his native Irish tongue, that he foresaw that Oswin would not long be left in this world, as he had never seen such an instance of humility in a prince. The prediction was soon fulfilled. There was war at the time between Oswin and Oswy of Bcrnicia, and Oswin, finding himself unable to meet the greater forces of his enemy, disbanded his troops and retired with one attendant to Gilling. the residence of a noble- man, whom he supposed to be faithful. But he was betrayed, and by order of Oswy- was put to death, together with Tondher, his faithful companion. Queen Eanflcd, the wife of Os\vy. with her husband's approbation, afterwards built the Monastery of Gilling, in expiation of the crime, and appointed Trumhcrc the first Abbot. The tomb of St. Oswin was honoured by many miracles, until, in the time of the Danish

ATJO. 20.1

MENOLOGY.

403

wars, the relics were removed to Tyncmouth for greater security. In the confusion which followed, the place of their burial was forgotten, until discovered by a divine revelation in the year 10O5. These sacred remains were then translated with great honour and reverence on the Ilth of March.

Se- Edbstt. On the abdication of St Ceohvulf, linuKRT, his AD kinsman, became King of Northiiinbria. He was 7<B. Uic son of Eata and brother of Egbert, the illus- trious Bishop who recovered for the Church of Vnrk the {lallium. which had never been granted since the lime of St. Pauiinus. Edbert was a great prince, ruled his people with ability, and was generally successful in his wars. All the neighbouring princes held him in respect, and Pepin of France gladly made an alliance with him. In the twenty-first year of his reign, and when his prosperit>' was at its height, he abandoned all for the love of God and embraced the clerical state, though his allies did all they could to induce him to for^o his resolution, and offered to cede portions of their territory to him. He abdicated in favour of hi.t son Oswulf, and retired to York, where his brother was Archbi.shop, During ten years he persevered in his holy vocation, and then happily passed to an everlasting crown. He was buried in the same place with his brother, who had left this world about g Hvo years before him.

^^P Simeon or Duibun sialcs Uic CKBCi day and year of liis death. He KVeral

W [iincu ipcjltt or liin embracing Ihc cfirical Mate, but nowhere of hi& inonatiic

I ptoGeulon. In Uic continuxiion of Bcdt, i( in *aii ihat he tccejvcd the ioniur«

I of St. Pwicr. Whiifoid, however (a. Si i52G).callB him"a monk of high pet-

■

k

SC, Ovn-lTi.

Call, ijii, t, (. J7, 98.

Mart, Q.

Ltg. TJnnk., <bl. aifa; Capgr., fijl.

2isA; Nov. Lc:|E..(bl. i)6i: \Vhilf.

Add.; W. t and j:CIwI. Hi4l. Bedx, ii;., c. 14.

a. Edbert, L(f. WhitL Add,; W. I iwid 1;

Chftl. Hi»l. Simeon Dunelm., Mi*t. Eocl.

Dun. (Twysd.Col.. "). Simeon Duticlm., GtM. Reg. (TWysd.

Col., iO|, 105, io6>.

404

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. ai, 22.

THE TWENTY-FIRST DAY.

Af Urcdon, in Leietsiershm, t/ie holy memory of ST. Hardulph, Confessor, Patron of the Priory Ckurch of Otat place.

St Hardotph. No memorials of ST. HarduLPH are known

ZWwnot *'' ^ preserved, but wc find that the Church of

IctTOwn. Brcdon, dedicated to the Ulcsscd Virgin and St.

'■ irardulph, was made over by Robert Ferrers, Ear!

of Nottingham, to the Augustinian Monastery of Nostcll, in

Yorkshire, hi the year 1 1 44. Soon afterwards, tlie community

of Nostell established a priory at Bredoti, and St. Hardulph

became one of their tutelar Sainta.

In def^ull of all authentic tecoidi^, it tnay bo monlionctt that Ckpgravc, in hh account of !>[. ModvrcnnB, relates Lhat a ceitain holy hcimii from Btcdon. «n the report of hci Mnciiiy which rtachcd him. vitited St. Modwvnnx, and jircKcntbl hci with the Utvei of the Saiitli. It may Kccrn not an unrcaKinxblc conjecture to suppo&c that ttiii heintii of Qiedon wa» Si- llatdutph. I'iile Alfofd's Aiiruih. A.D. 871, c. 39.

Lfg. Choi. (6 Aug.). Hill. Dugdalc's Monut., vi.. p. g&.

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

At Monks* Wcarmouth, eltji deposition of ST. SIGFRID, Conftsscr and Abbot. — At Eyncsbury, now called St. Ncot's, i« HKHtingdonshire, the commefnomtioH of St. ArnuI-I'H, Confessor and Hermit. — At York, the passion of the Blessed William V.m:\ and tiu Blessed 'Kikms.y.m KiKKi;MAN,/'rK'j-/^

and Martyrs, nnder Queen ElisabellL — At Worcester, t/tc martyrdom of the Venerable JoiIN WaI.L, Priesi of Ike Order of St. Francis, ivlio suffered in tJu reign of Cliarles II. — Also^ on tlu same day, at Hereford, the passion of the Venerable John Kv.nm.XL, Priest, u-Ao in like manner sacrificed his life in maintenance of lite Catholic Faith.

St. Sicfrid, On the death of St. Eastcrwinc, which took

*'''a O^' place while St. Benedict Biscop was absent in

688. Rome, the brethren of Wearmouth, togetlier witli

AUO. Q2L]

Ml

405

St- Ceolfrid, Abbot of the united Monasteries of Wcarmouth and Jarrow, elected the deacon Sigkkid to fill his place. lie was a man of holy life, and well versed in the knowledge of the Holy Scriptures. He was, moreover, remarkable for his strict abstinence, but his bodily health did not corrcjipond wi!h the vigour of his soul, as he was already suffering; from an incuraiile disease of the lungs. St. Benedict was greatly comforted to find his community under the government of this holy man ; but it was to be only for a short time. The health of the two Abbots bejjan to decline apace. During three years they continued to give to all an admirable example of patience, blessing God for the sufTcrings He had sent them. At length they found themselves unable to continue the duties of their office, and weakness confined both of them to their separate cells.

Greatly did they long for a final conference on the wel- fare of the abbey, and for a brotherly leave-taking before they should be called to a better life ; and St. Sigfrid, yield- ing to this pious wish, caused himself to be borne on a litter to the side of his beloved father in Chn'st. He was laid on the bed of Benedict, and their heads rested on the same pillow. Thus they were able to give one another the last embrace, and make the needful provision for the government of the house St. Sigfrid survived this interview two months, and then exchanged hi.i life of suffering for one of eternal rest, four months before the precious death of St. Benedict. He was buried at the entrance of the church, but afterwards his venerated relics were translated, with those of St. Easter- wine, and placed beside St. Benedict, before the Altar of St Pcicr.

St, ArmJph. St. Arnuli'II IS fiaid to havc been greatly ^q' venerated, and the place of his sepulture to havc 89o«- been the centre of many miracles, before the de\'astation of the district by the Danes. We havc, however, but very scanty information about his life. He is generally supposed to have been of British origin, and to have led a aolitaiy and very austere life, on the borders of Huntingdon-

406

MENOLOGT.

[AUG.

shire and Bedfordshire. On the same day. the 22nd August, an ancient French calendar commemoralcs St Arnulph, Bishop, which has induced some writers to conjecture that the Saint of Arnulphsbury, or Kynebury. is the same as the French prelate, whose relics may have been translated to England.

B, WilBam The BIcsscd WILLIAM Lacv was a penllcman H^lfharf '^^ Yorkshire, who at one time enjoyed a place of Kirkfituui. trust under the Queen's Government ; but his ^^1' fidelity to his religion, while it secured for him '5**- an everlasting reward, was an obstacle to his earthly advancement. His house was always open to the priests who arrived from the colleges abroad, and a most cordial welcome ivaK offered to them. Having learned from them that attendance al the heretical worship had been declared unlawful, Mr. Lacy ceased to frequent the Protestant church, and his absence being soon noticed, brought upon him repeated fines and vexations of every kind. He was constrained to leave his home, and could not remain with security in any place for s. length of time. On the death of his wife, though then of mature age, he resolved to dedicate himself to the service of the Mission, and became a student of the College at Rhcims. He gave great edification by the humility, with which he attended to public schools in com- pany with the youths of the scrainarj-, and after a time, for the completion of his studies, went first to Pont A Mousson, and finally to Rome. After receiving' priest's Orders in the latter place, he hastened to his native country to exercise his sacred function. This he was able to do for about two years, to the great benefit of many souls. One of the perilous duties he undertook was that of consoling the confessors in York Castle; and itwas on occasion of one of these charitable visits that he was arrested and sent to the Protestant Arch- bishop for examination. The result was that he was thrown into a solitar)' dungeon to await his trial The charge against Lacy was that he had been ordained at Rome, which was proved by bis letters of Orders, as well as his own admission ;

AUO. 912.1

ME'NOLOGY.

407

but besides tins, he was questioned as to ])is opinion on the ro>'al supremacy, to which he answered, that he believed as all Catholics did. On receiving his sentence, he thanked God for the grace bestowed on him, at an age when, by the course of nature, he could not expect to live long. " 1 rejoice," he said, "at the thing.'i which have been said to mc, we will go into the house of the Lord, and so we shall be with the Lord for ever." The Martyr was not allowed to speak to the people at the time of his execution, which was carried out as hastily as possible. His constancy and piety never failed to the last moment.

The Ble-ssed RicilARD KiRKEMAN belonged to a gentle- man's family in Yorkshire, and was well advanced in his studies, when he went to the College at Douay. Having been ordained priest, he returned to England and laboured in the northern counties for nearly four years before he was arrested. His trial took place at York, when he acknowledj^cd that he had done \vhat he could to bring others to the Catholic Faith, but denied that he had ever withdrawn anyone from his alle- giance to Elizabeth. He wa.s condemned on the double charge of being a priest ordained abroad, and of persuading the Quccn'.s subjects to the Catholic religion. The holy Martyr was overcome with joy to think of tlic blessed lot in store for him, and loudly professed himself unworthy of such a ditfnity. He was dragged on a hurdle to the place of execution, in company with Mr, Lacy, who suffered before him. The last moments of Kirkeman were spent in fervent prayer, but he was not allowed to address the assembled multitude, as he desired to da

V. tohn The Venerable JOHN WaIX was bom in

^AD*' Lancashire, of a gentleman's family pa^sessing 1679^ property in that county. His brother William was also a priest, and became a Benedictine monk, and later on was condemned to death for hi-i sacred character, though he was reprieved and survived the persecution. John Wall was educated at Douay College and ordained before he joined the Franciscan Order, which he did in ihc year 1651.

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. 23.

at the age of thirty-twa From the first he was much esteemed for prudence and zeal, and Riled several important offices before he wns sent on the Mission in 165G.

Fr. Wall exercised his ministry in Worcestershire, and there he was apprehended, about the lime of the out- burst of Oatcs' plot On his refusal to take the oath of supremacy, he was committed by Sir John Paclclngton to Worcester gaol. He suffered much during his imprisonment, but in a letter declared that such hardships were welcome to hitn. At the trial some witnawca were brought together, who attested his priesthood, and consequently sentence was pro- nounced in the usual manner. Fr. Wall publicly thanked God, and prayed for the King and the judge, and was able to ' say that he ivas troubled with no disturbing thoughts or temptations against anyone. He was afterwards sent to London, to be examined by Oates, Bedloe, and others, who were obliged to own that he was free from any participation in the plot which ihcy had invented. Nevertheless, he was to die for his priesthood, and was sent back to Worcester to suffer there, which was four months after his condemnation.

Fr. William Levison, of his own Order, was able to obtaia, access to him and to administer the Holy Sacramental, as also to pronounce a last absolution at the scaffold. He ^avc an admirable account of the dispoi^itions of the holy man, whom he described as " thirsting for nothing more than to shed his blood for the love of his God, which he performed with a courage and cheerfulness becoming a valiant soldier of Christ, to the great edification of all Catholics and the admiration of Protestants ". He was the first to suffer at Worcester in the cause of religion, and his body was treated according to the sentence.

Fr. Wail, while preparing for death, wrote a long ."ipecch, which he delivered to a friend for publicftlion. In it he declares his firm faith and his charity for all men, and vindicates himself and the Church from any complicity in treason.

The quarters of the Martyr'.s body were buried in the Churchyard of St. Oswald, at Worcester, and his head was

ATTO. 32.]

MENOLOGY.

409

privately conveyed to his own monastery at Dntiny, where it was preserved with due veneration.

V. John The great servant of God. the Venerable JOIIN

Kerable.M., j^pygj^p^ was a native of Herefordshire, and

»679- became a student of the College at Douay. Hav- ing received Holy Orders, he was sent on the Mission in 1635, the field of his labours being ihc neighbourhood of the city of Hereford. There he continued in the pious and zealous dis- chai^e of his duties during fifty-four years, until hc wa.s arrested, as were so many others, in the excitement occasioned by Oateii' plot. The holy man was over eighty years of age at the time, and had refused to abscond, as his friends warned him to do, being glad to sacrifice his life for his Master, rather than wear out the short space which nature might allow him in this world. He was taken at Pembridge Castle, in the parish of Welsh Newton, near Monmouth, and sent to Here- ford gaol, from whence hc was transferred to London, in order to be confronted with OatC3 and Bedloc.

Thc^e wretched men, however, were unable to compromise Kemble in their pretended conspiracy, and he was con- sequently sent back to Hereford to be tried solely for his priesthood. These long journeys were to hiin more than a martyrdom, owing to the infirmities of his failing life. His trial followed the ii<;iinl course, and he was executed on Wigmarsh, by Hereford. Hc made a short and touching speech to the people, calling them to witness that hc died in the cause of his religion, giving thanks for so great a grace, and expressing his forgiveness and charity towards all men. The quarters of hi-s body were begged by his nephew, Captain Richard Kemble, who buried them in the Churchyard of Welsh Newton, and erected a monument over them, which still remains, and is a place of pilgrimage for the Catholics who live in the neighbourhood, flis venerated head is preserved al the Catholic Church of Hereford. ScN'eral well authenticnteri miracles took place after the martyrdom of thia holy man, both through the application of his relics and by means of pra>-ers at his tomb.

410

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. as.

SL sigfts.

Ltg. Chal.

Hilt. Beds. Vit. Alb.

Aiion., Vit Alb. (Sievenson).

St. Ainulpli. LtK- W, I and 3; Ctial.

Maityn. HiU. Bridgy.aiM'8 Concettatio. tcL

toi ; Oouay Diaiiet. Challonet'H Mix. PricMi. volv i.

and il. Primed Hwraihx of Ft. W»IU

i/ii(. Alford's AnnaU. vol. JiL. p. iSg. Atchiv. Wcttm.. Chompney, p. 774. Botl., vol. xxxvii,, p, tjRif,

^0.

THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY.

At Coldingham, in the anaeut l:in^ciffm 0/ Northumbria, tiu comtntmaraliott of tlie passion of ST. Ebba, Virgin and Abdess, and her companions. Martyrs.

St Ebba. v., St. Ebba, called the Younger, to distinguish pu^' 'if'" from Sl Ebba. the foundress, was Abbess of ««JrtyrB. Coldingham at the time of the terrible inrasion of the pagan Danes, and presided over a large and fervent community of religious, amongst ■whom t]ic Benedictine rule was already established. When news reached them that the hostile forces were near at hancl,and that they were ruthlessly murdering all ecclesiastics and religious of both sexes, St. Ebba assembled her nuns in Chapter, and exhorted them, above all things, to take measures for the preservation of the precious treasure of their chastity. Saying this, she took a razor and unhesitatingly cut oflT her own upper lip with the nose, hoping to inspire the barbarians with horror at the siphL Her example was immediately followed with unllincliiiig courage by all the sisters ; so that when the Danes arrived, tliey were seized with a panic at the bloody spectacle, and forthwith began to rctreaL Their leaders, Hinguar and Hubba. in their rage and disappoint- ment, then sent some of their followers to set fire to the monastery, and destroy the holy inmates and their posscs*| sions in one common ruin.

Though many incient ehtonici« recoid the hiitoij' of ">is peclod. and kkdc mention in general tcnni (he tavagei of ihe Dancn in Northumbria, Mailhvw of \^'0ttminf tct i» ihe line ivho gi^fs the biniocy of St. Ebba. and her comp

AUG. M, 25!]

411

Fiom him Mabillon. Alfordi and Uoioniu.^ have taken Ihcji accouitl, as well ss EngtUh ivritirrs in general. The Bollandisis dsih Au^«t) give only a notJett from th« MaityroXogy of de MouKCier.

Cuij. 7. 13a, 6, c. Marfi. (in Seoiia) Q. C^. W. t and a. i Chid.

Hut. Matt. WcBE., A.O. IJ70. Albtd'k Annaln. a.d. S6q. Mabill., Aniwii, A.n. S70. BolU (z Ap.. 2j tnd 15 Aug.)'

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY. v4/ Tyburn, /A< ntartyttlfm of the veiurabie scn-<tHti of

C^v/. Thomas Hackshot and Nicholas Tichburne, both Laymen, who suffgrtd for tndfavouring to rcttase a priest who had f alien into the hands of the persecutors.

V, TlioiuM The Venerable TdOMAS HACKSHOT was bom "rutl*'' ^' Mursley.inBuckinyhamsIUre.andbctngastrong V. Nidioka and vigorous young man, undertook to effect the Mart"?** es<;ape of Tliomas Tichburne. a priest, who, he ^D. understood, was to be conducted by one single constable through a certain street. He accord- ingly placed himself en the way, and as the prisoner with his Icccpcr came up, gave the tatter a blow which threw him on the ground, and gave tlie priest an opporl unity to escape. The man, however, -soon rose, and calling out. " Stop the traitor," caused Hackshot to be arrested. In gaol he was afflicted with many torments, which he bore with courage, until at last he was brought to trial, and condemned to die.

The Venerable Nicholas Teciibukne, of Hartley, in Hampshire, a kinsman of the above-named priest, was also apprehended for assisting Hackshot in the rc-scuc, and was condemned and suffered with him.

HUi, Challonei't Mim. PiIesU, vol.i. Archiv. WcMm., Chunpney. p. 1014.

THE TWENTY-FIFTH DAY.

At the Abbej'of Coldingham, near Bei~d-i(i-CN'Ttottd, the deposition of St. Ebba the Elder, Virgin and Abbess. — At

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. 26.

Canterbury, the depositim of St. Bkegwin, Archbishop ami Confissor.

St. EblM.

v.. Abb ,

A.D.

St. Ebba, who is called the Elder, to distin- guish her from St. Ebba the Martyr, who governed the same monasteiy at a later period, was the sister of St. Oswald and Oswy, Kings of Northumbria. Early in life she rcnoHnccd the worldly advantages, which her birth placed within her reach, and resolved to consecrate her- self wholly to God. With the help of her brother Oswy, she established .1 monastery at Ebchester. on the Derwent, and aflcnvards a more important one at Coldingham. on the coast of her brother's kinj,'dom. She was greatly venerated few the sanctity of her life ; but in the course of time serious abuses sprung up among the religious under her care. The holy man St Adamnan had a vision of the judgment about to fall upon them, and of the future destruction of the monastery by fire ; but it ^vas also made known to biin that it would not happen during the lifetime of the holy foundress. When St. Ebba heard what threatened them, she used every means to bring her sisters to a better mind and a serious amendment ; ai>d for a time she was successful, and had the consolation of seeing a more religious spirit prevail among them, Un- happily, after she was taken from them, they relapsed into their former state of negligence, and the terrible calamity overtook them, as it had been foretold.

When St. Ktheldreda retired from the Court of her husband, it was to Coldingham that she first betook herself to learn from Sl Ebba the discipline of the religious life, and there she received the monastic veil. St. Cuthbert also waa^ a valued friend of St. Ehba, and at her request was aecus- ' tomed to visit her Abbey, and instruct her community in thc^ ways of Christian perfection.

St Brepwia. ST. Brhowin succeeded the holy prelate

^''a.d'."'^^' Cuthbert in the government of the Church of

TOJ- Canterbury, and is described as a profoundly^

religious man. The period of his episcopate was but shor

AtJO. 20.]

MEN'OLOGY.

413

not having exceeded three years, after which, according to his own instructions, he was buried near his immediate pre- decewor in the Metropolitan Church, and not with the earlier Archbishops in Che Abbey Church of St Augustine.

Si. Ebbs. CdX. 65. "Ltg. Tinni., fel. xx^t ; CApgt., bl.

67^; Nov. l.eg.. Tol. ggik Wlutf Add. (2 Ebbu); W. I >nd i;

Ch«l. Hi$i. Be<)&, tv. . e. 14, 33.

Si, Dicgwin. Uart. Vi. Leg, Tlnm., (bt. itgb ; Capgr., toL

(bumi) : Nov. Leg..lbl. 4]<i. Wliitf. Add.; W. t: Chal. HiH. Simeon Dundm., ilc Gcst.

(T«>-nl. Col., 106). R. de Dicelo (Tw)-«I. Col., 4+1). Dale correcieil, accaiding 10 Haddon

atui Klubbi.

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

At Ellisley, in Cambriiiff^eshirf, tbt commemoration ef%t. Pandwvna, Virgin. — At the Abbey of Pontigny. in Frana, thf dgposifioii of William Wvkwank, Archbisltop of York and It ^re/aft of eminent Iwliutss.

St, P«a St. PaNDWYNA, or PaNDONIA, was the daugh-

''''J^D. ' '"" °^ ^ petty prince of Ireland or North Britain. 9<H «• who (ltd to England to escape the t>'ranny of her father and tht; pursuit of those who would have compelled her to abandon her purpose of serving God in the slate of holy virginit>*. She took refuge with a kinswoman of hefs, who was prioress of a nunnery at Eltbley in Cambridgeshire. Thcrt: s\vi led a life of great perfection, and obtained the reputation of eminent sanctity. She was buried near a well, which bears her name, and at a later period her sacred relics were translated to the parish church, which still bears the title of Sl Fandonia and St. John the Baptist.

Wilson, ill bolh cililions ofliis Maii>'tology, plBMo ihc Saint at Isnclbc)-, in LUiCOlnsbire, an error copied by Airord and the BollMidisis. bt. pA»dwyna'« lib) wac wnttcn by Richard. Ihc Rcclotof I^lttiley. and scutnn lo hav« been known to LcUnd, though not now cxiftnl. Ii i» not known when this Richard lived, but ii may be suppowd 10 be on lii» auihoriiy ihat the deposition tA the Saint \\ dated iit *.d. 904. Tbe j6lb August may be the day of the d*f>o*ilion or the ttanslaiion. Tb« viUage oC Eltiricy i» about eig;ht mil» from Cambiiil|{e uA four from Si. Neoc*-

4t4

MEN

[ATTO. 97.

Wiiiiiun This eminent servant of God was promoted to

^'bT^' the Sec of York in the year 1279, and received f>^- episcopal consecration at the hands of Pope N icho- las III, It was during his episcopate that the solemn translation of his predecessor, St William, was effected on the Sunday within the Octave of the Epiphany, in the presence of Edward I^ his Queen, and clc\'cn Bishops. . Wil- liam was a great bcncf.ictor to the churches of his diocese ; but after a short administration of five years and a half, he sought to end his days in retirement, resigned his Sec, and betook himself to the Abbey of Pontigny. He had scarcely arrived there, when he was seized with a painful but short sickness, and in peace gave up his soul to God. The chroni- cles jeport that many miracles took place at his tomb, and give him the title of Venerable Father ; but it docs not appear that by any public recognition he received the honours of a Saint.

Si. PaiidwTiia. U'iUinni Wykwinc.

Ltg. W. I and z: Chal. ; Alolanus Hiil. Stutu, Chion. Pont. Eboc.

{*d. of 1573. app., p. *tj). CTwytd. Col.. 1717).

H'tt. O0II., voL xxxviii., p, 761, Boll., vol. v, ot Aug., p. 743.

Airocc), Annilt. a.o. goo. Claud* ChaucWn. LeUnd, tlin., vil., pL 91 -, de Scrip., p.

35»

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH DAY.

At St. Decumans, in Somersetshire, the passion of St. Decuman, Afartyr and Hirmit.~At Lincoln, the passiffH of St. HL'CII, Marljrr. — At Leominster, in Hcreferdshirt^ the martyrdom of the Venera6U RoOER CadWALLADOR, Priest and Martyr, under James I.— At Usk, the martyrdom of the VtnerahU David Lewis, oikenvise called Charles Baker, Priest of the Society of fesm, in the reign of Charles /I.

St. Dcctmuutt, Decuman, who is also called Decowbe and

Herattj^M., Dacan, belonged to a noble family In Wales; but

706 e. desirous of a solitary life, forsook his home and

crossed the Severn on a hurdle of reeds. He landed on the

AUO. 27.]

MENOLOGY.

4>5

coast of Somerset, and finding a spot near Dunster which promised to sati^ry his longings, established himself there. The place still bears his name, and is attached to a prcbcndal stall ill the CathedraJ of Wells, also called St. Dccumans. The Saint is venerated as a Martyr, having been put to death b)- a murderer, in hatred of religion.

St. Husb, St. Hugh was a child but nine years of a^e, '^■' or a little more, when he siifTered a cruel martyr- lass- dom at the hands of the Jews. At that lime there happened to be a large assemblage of tliat people, collected for some affairs of their own. and they resolved to commemo- rate it by an act of barbarous cruelty, as an expression of their hatred of the religion of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. For this purpose, one of the chief among them, named Jopptn, enticed to their quarter the child Hugh, the son of a poor widow. They kept lum in close confinement for sevcn- and-lwenty days, almost starved for want of food and drink, and at length brought him forth, and after innictiiig on him unheard-of tortures, at length crucified and put him to death. All the while the blessed child was said to have borne his sufferings without a complaint or a groan, and even to have smiled with inward joy. Mcanuhilc the di.stracled mother was making every possible inquiry as to the fate of her lost child ; and, as it appeared that he was last seen near the house of one of the Jews, the suspicions of the people were directed against them.

When men's minds were in this state of agitation, King Henrj' III. arrived at Lincoln, and ordered a rigorous inquirj' to be made into the ca.se, the result of which was that Joppin, in hopes of a pardon, made a full confession of the crime and circumstances attending it. The body of the infant Martyr was found in a well, into which the Jews had cast it, when they knew that their houses would be scatchcd. Immediately on its being raised, a blind wpmaji was restored to sight on invoking tlic Martyr and touching his sacred remains, and other miracles took place in rapid succession. Upon this the Cathedral Chapter went in .solemn procession and bore the

4i6

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. 27.

holy relics to their church, where they were buried with all honour, and became the object of universal veneration.

Knyghton pbcct die inatijrdom on the r«I Auguil. The Burton AnruJ* cxpiCMly Htaie that the holy child wo* ^itolcn on the 3t«l Juljr, maitjrod on the i7lh Aupui. and traiulAled on the igth Au^st.

V Roiffr The Venerable ROGER CAnWAE.LAnOR was the ^*'^'% * °'^" sun of a wealthy yeoman of Hereford shin:. His A.D. c3.T\y )'outh was marked by piety and a love of study, lie was sent to the College at Rheims, and from thence to Valladolid, where he was ordained priest He was an eminent Greek scholar, and translated Theodoret's Lh'es of t/ie Fathtrs of the Syrian desert, and had also Special gift for religious controversy. Cadwallador exercised his mission in his native county, and that with very great success, being remarkable for his unwearied care of those un(!cr his chaise, particularly the poorer class of people. Thus he spent sixteen years, when he was at last seized and brought before Robert Rennet, the I'rotestant Bishop of Hereford.

This man, who had long thirsted for his blood, put him through a long and tedious examination, and treated him with great contempt The imprisonment xvhich followed was attended ivith many hardships and aggravations, which brought on a severe illness. At his trial Cadwallador was condemned barely for his priestly character and functions, and was re- peatedly offered his life, if he would take tlie new oath pro-: posed by the King, which he decUred himself unable to doL] He prepared for death with singular devotion and cheerfulness,! and on the scaffold declared to the people the true cause of his condemnation, and quoted the words of St. Peter: "If any man suffer as a Christian, let him not be ashamed, but let bim glorify God In this name". He forgave all, and expressly the , Protestant llishop, whose sha{C in his death was greater than that of others. The sufferings of the Martyr were unusually prolonged, owing to the unskilfulness of the executioner, but at length he went to his reward, dying in such a manner as

AUa. 37.]

MENOLOGY.

417

to leave an impression of admiration and cdiGcation on the beholders.

V. D»Ti4 The Venerable DaVID Lew!S, otherwise called

''"ad"'" Charles Baker, Priest of the Society of Jesus, iii79- was born of Protestant parents in Monmouthshire, but was converted at the age of nineteen, and sent by hts uncle, who was a Jesuit, to the English College in Rome. There he made his studies and was ordained priest, after which he entered the Society. In the year 16.18, Fr. Lewis was sent on the Mission of South Wales, where he laboured for thirty-one years, braving niany dangers, and always ex- hibiting great zeal, and such charity towards his neighbours, that he was called the Father of the Poor. He was arrested in the parish of Lantamaiii, in Moninoulhshire, and closely confined in several prisons, at Abergavenny, Monmouth, and Usic. The trial took place at Monmouth, and there he wa-s condemned to death, merely on the charge of his priesthood ; but afterwards he was conveyed to London, to undergo an examination by Oates and his fellows, on the subject of tlie conspiracy. As nothing could be proved against him, he was sent back to Usk, and there brought to execution on the 37th August. Fr. Lewis addressed the [>eople in a speech of some length, in which he resolutely professed his religion, acknowledged that he was a prie.st and a Jciutl, but vindicated himself from all treason. He also declared his free forgiveness of his enemies, and his perfect charily toward all men. and so piously resigned his soul into the hands of his Redeemer.

About the same time, at Brecknock, in South Wales, died William Ll,oyn, priest, in prison, and under sentence of death for the Faith. This holy man was bnm in Carmarthen- shire, and is supposed to have been a convert to the Catholic faith. In order to obtain an ecclesiastical education, he went to the English College at Lisbon, where he bore a high cha- racter, and was considered a promising student, though con- tinual bad health was a serious drawback to his progress. After his ordination he went for a time to Paris, and thence proceeded to the Mission. Nothing is known of his apo«tolic

27

4i8

MENOLOGY.

[Auo. aa

labours ; but on the breaking out of Oatcs' plot, he was arrested and brought to trial at Brccltnock. He was found guilty of being a priest and exercising his function, contrary to the statute of tlic twenty-seventh year of Elizabeth. The day for his execution was fixed, but he expired in prison, six days before the appointed time. W. Lloyd left in writing a speech which he intended to deliver at the scaffold. It abounds in pious sentiments and expression^ of loyalty toward his prince.

SL Decuman. Cal. iS. Marls. M. Q. Ltg. Nov. Leg., fol. Sjft; W. I and

a; CbjJ. HitU Crciay, tlb. xxl-, c. j.

St. Hugh. Lfg. Tinini., (bl- ii&i; Capgi., fol.

148*: Nov. Leg., foL tSib. Whitf. Add.! W. I w>d 3; dial.

HUt KnyKhtOH (Tvrysd. Col.. t4Hh, Annali of Bunon (Gale, Fell.. ■- p.

344). MiirlyTS. Hill. Challonet'a Miio. PrinU, vol.

ii. Dauay Diaries ; Foley't Kecoidt. Atchiv. Wcittnon., in., p. tgytluf-!

X.. p. 113: xt- p.5S. Arcbiv. Wulmon., xxxiv^ p. 5IJ.

THli TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

At Braclclcy, in Northamptomhirt, the tratisltUioH of tkt hafy infant, St. Rum\yolu, Confasor. — At Lincoln's Inn Fteld-s the fittssion of ihe ifnerabU st-n'auts i>f Gotl, ROURRT Morton, Pritst, and Hugh Moor, Laymmt, Afartyrs. — At the Theatre in London, the martyrdom of the VtHerahU William Gunter, Priest.— At CIcrkenwell, tite martyrdom of the Ventrable THOMAS HOLfORD, Priest. — At Milc-cnd Green, tlu martyrdom of /he Venerable Wn.LlA.M DEAM, Fritst, and the VtneraNe Hekrv Webley, Layman. — Near Hounslow, the martyrdom of the Venerable James Ci^XTON, Priest, end the Venerable Tmona-S FeltON, Citric, the tost of the glorious band of ufen, who suffered for the Faith in and mar London on one and the same day. under the fieree persecu- tion of Elizabeth. — At Lancaster, in the reign of CharUs I., the Messed passion of EayiVSXi Aftnoviiii'lvtH, Priest of ilu Society offesus.

AUG. 3a]

MENOLOGY.

419

St Rtirawold. St. Rumwold was the son of one of the King* ^_lJ"' of Northumbria. generally said to be AlchfrJd, son fisoc. of Os\vy, who was associated with his father in the kingdom, though he never reigned alone, by St. Kync- buiga, his wife, daughter of I'cnda. According to this conjec- ture, Osn'c, who was eventually King of Northumbria. and St. Rumwold, were brothers ; but the parentage of both is doubtful.and it is not clear that Alchfrid and Kyncburga had any issue of their marriage.

A great prodigy is related of St Rumwold, which led to the devotion with which he was honoured after death. No sooner had the infant been bathed in tlie regenerating waters of baptism than he at once began to spcnk, and made a distinct profession of the Christian Faith. He died at Sutthun on the 3rd November, and after a few months his relics were conveyed to Bracklcy, where his festival was kept on tlic 28th August. Within three years another translation took place to Buckingham, where he was held in honour till the subversion of the Catholic religion.

Sullhun icemii to 1>« King's SuUon. nix mi]<H rtom Btackley. In the puiih that i» * baml«t callc:^ .\sUopi whcic Uicic is a well which beam the name of St. Rumwold.

V, Robert The Venerable ROBERT MORTON was born in

"v^Hilrt" Vorkshirc, and studied for the priesthood, partly

Hoor M.. in Rome and partly in the College at Rheims;

ijss! but it was from the latter place that he was

ordained, and sent on the Mission in 159;^. He

was apprehended, and sentenced to death on the 26th August,

merely on the charge of his priesthood and the exercise of its

functions. On the 28th he was drawn from Newgate to the

gallows, just set up in Lincoln's Inn Fields, and there hanged,

disembowelled, and quartered.

At the same place and time, the Venerable HucH! MoOR. a gentleman of Grantham, also s.xcrificed his life for the Faith. He had received a Protestant education, but was reconciled to the Church, and went over to Rheims, where he studied for some time. On his return to England, he was arrested and

4^0

MHKOLOGY.

[AVG. 3a

thrown into prison, and in time was tricA and condemned for being reconciled, and j^oing abroad to a Catholic itcminaiy.

He absolutely refused to attend the Protestant Church, which would have secured his psrdon, choosing rather to die for his fidelity to the truth. The death of these Martyrs is said to have made a strong impression on those who were present, in favour of the ancient religion.

V. WiUifttn The servant of God, the Venerable William ^'"ad" ' GUNTER, was a native of Raglan, in Monn:iouth- 158^ shire, and received Holy Orders, after studying at the College of Rhcims. He was sent on the Mission in 1587, and in the course of the next year was apprehended, tried, and condemned, on the bare charge of his priesthood and its exercise. He was dragged from Newgate to the new gallows set up in the spot known as the Theatre. There he suffered all the penalties of high treason ; and though, like the rest who were put to death on thi-s memorable day, he was not allowed to speak to the people, his verj' silence and patience spoke for him. and recommended the religion for which he so willingly died.

V. Thom«8 The Venerable TirOMAS HOLFORD, also called Hoiford, M-,^^Qj^^ was the son of a Protestant mini-ster in I588. Cheshire. He became tutor to the family of Scudamorc of Holm Lacy, near Hereford. In that city he had a conference with the priest who has left us the account of his martyrdom. Though Holford did not then declare himself convinced, yet what he heard made such an impression on his mind, that he soon went over to Rheims, where he was received into the Church, and became a student of the College. Having been ordained priest, he returned to England, and was several times arrested, and had as many wonderful escapes from tlic pursuivants and the prisons, into which he was cast. At length, in the year 1 58S, being obliged to go to London on some business of his own, he was seen coming out of the house of Mr. Swithin Wells, a known Catholic, and apprehended. He was tried and condemned on tlic usual charge, and his execution took place at Clerkenwell.

Atra. 28.]

MENOLOGY.

421

V, wiiiiMi The Venerable William Dhan, a native of V*H'ef^' Yorkshire, was a student and priest of the linglish WeWej, M.,(joiicg<; at Rhcims, from whence he was sent on ■SSa the Mission in 1582. He is said to have been remarkable for his gravity of character and learn- ing, but had little time for the employment of his talents. Having fallen into the hands of the persecutors, he was banished with many others in 1583, but soon returned to his missionary labours. He was again apprehended, and in August. 1588, condemned to death for being made priest by Roman authority, and remaining in the reahti, contrary to the statute. The persecution at this time, after the failure of the projected Spanish invasion, was so fierce, that, at the instigation of the Ear! of Leicester, gallows were erected in six new places in the neighbourhood of London, for the execution of priests and other Catholics, though it was not even attempted to implicate them in any conspiracy with the Queen's enemies, of which, indeed, they were altogether inno- cent Mr. Dean was dragged to Milc-cnd Green, when he would have spoken to the people on the cause of his con- demnation, but his mouth was stopped with sudi violence that he was obliged to keep silence.

Together with Dean, anoUier Martyr .suffered, the Venerable Henkv Weuley, a layman, whose guilt con- sisted in aiding and abetting the holy priest.

V.Jaitica The Venerable }.\MES. Claxton, a native of

C^5». M.: Yorkshire, was a student of Rhcims, and was sent V. ThomaB '

Felton, M.. from that College on the Mi^ision in 1582. He

^^M K'as arrested, and in the year 15S5 banished with many others. Having returned to his missionary labours, he was again seized, and condemned for being a priest ;ind exercising his functions in the Queen's dominions. The sentence for high treason was carried out near Huunslow, in Middlesex.

The Venerablf ThoMas Feltos was born at Bcr- mondscy, in Surrey, and was the son of the Blessed John Felton, who suffered in 1570 for posting up the Bull of St.

432

LNOLOGY.

[AUG. aa

Pius V. excommunicating Elizabeth. Thomas was young when he went to study at the College at Rheims, but profited so well by the advantages he had there, that in 1583 he received the clerical tonsure from the Cardinal de Guise, Archbishop of Rheitns. He soon manifested a desire to enter the Order of the Minims of St Francis of Paula, and through the rccommendatjons of Dr. Allen obtained admis- sion. But his bodily strength was not equal to his goodwill, and he was obliged to quit the novitiate and return to Eng- land for the recovery of his health. As soon as he was in 3ome measure restored, he attempted to return to the Con- tinent, but was arrested at the port from which he was to embark. He was examined, sent up to London, and committed to the Compter, where he remained two years. His release was then obtained by the influence of some friends, whereupon, he again tried to cross over to France, but was stopped and committed to Bridewell Once more he was .set free by means of another friend, and once more he made an effort to pass over to Rheims. But it was in vain, and the good youth found himself again in BridcwcH, from which he had but just been delivered. During this last imprisonment Fclton was very cruelly treated. For three days and nights he was confined in the cell called Little Ease, in which he could neither stand, nor sit, nor lie down, and fed on bread and water. Afterwards he was put to hard labour and cruelly- tortured, to make him declare what priests he knew, bey<md the seas or in England. He was also forcibl)' carried to the Protestant Church, but made such a disturbance that the minister could not be heard. He was tried soon after the defeat of the Spanish Armada, and asked which side he would have taken had the strangers effected a landing, toi which he answered, that he would have taken part with God and his counlrj". His condemnation, however, turned on his refusal to admit the spiritual .supremacy of the Queen. He was but twenty-one or lwctily-tw<i years of age, and suffered near Ilounslow at the same time with tbc priest Claxton. His friends procured a pardon, which he refused to accept, being, as we must suppose, dependent on some condition

AUG. 38.]

MENOLOGY.

423

contrary to his conscience, Thomas Fclton was the last of seven Martyrs who on this one day sacrificed their lives Tor the Catholic Faith in London or its immediate neighbour- hood.

V. Edmund The Venerable EDMUND Arkowsmith was Arrowsmith. ^^^^ ^^ Haydock, in Lancashire, and was the son A^- of a yeoman of that place, though his mother belonged to the distinguished family of the Gcrards of Bryn. His parents were great sufferers for the Faith, and had to endure continual searches and fines, and even im- prisonments. After the death of his father, the boy was taken in charge by a good priest, who had him instructed in the elements of a sound education. He then went to Douay, completed his course, and \vh.s made priesL In the year 1613, he was sent on the Mission, where he laboured chiefly in his own county. He was noted for the sweetness of his disposition and his zeal in the exercise of his duties, and gave abundant evidence of a pure and unspotted conscience.

During this interval he was arrested, examined before the Protestant Bishop of Chester, and sent a prisoner to Lancaster Castle, but was released on pardon with several others. After ten or eleven years of this scr\'ice, he entered the Society of Jesus, but instead of being sent abroad for his novitiate, he was allowed to spend two or three months in retreat in Essex, after which he returned to his former labours. His final apprehension took place in August, 162S, and as the assises were beginning, he was tried almost immediately. Ko tangible evidence of his being a priest could be produced ; but Judge Yelverion showed the greatest ferocity and determination to take away his life, almost obliging the jury to bring a verdict against him. He then ordered him to be kept in rigorous seclusion in a dark cell, and appointed the next day for the execution, lest there should be a chance of pardon or reprieve. On that day, which was the 28th August, Fr. Arrowsmith, according to a preconcerted sign, received absolution from Mr. Southworth, a fcliow-pricst on reprieve. At the scaffold,

4*4

MENOLOGY.

[AUO. 30.

as before, the holy man was molested b>' the Frotcstant ministers, and offers of his life, if he ivould take the unlawful oath ; but nothing could shake his constancy. His end waa most edifying, and many were his pious prayers, his lait words being, " O good Jesus ". He was allowed to bang till he was dead, after which the rest of the sentence was carried out, and his head fixed, by the judge's express command, at an unusual height over the castle gate. One of the hands of Fr. Arrow- smith is still religiously preserved at the Catholic church of Ashton in Mackerfield, near the placcof his birth. It U visited by many devout persons, and has been honoured by God with numerous miracles, some of which have be«n carefully ex- amined and attested.

St. Ktimwalil. Manyn,

Ltg. Timm.. fol. lyw. Cai^gr., bl. Hist. Oouay Diuirs ; Chalkina't

J316; Nov. Leg., fol. 37+t. Misii. PiieUH, vols.!. and i!.

Whitf, Add. (J Nov.) i W. I and a ! Ycpc* ; Stwc.

Chal, Afchiv. WcHtmon., KxiJ,, pp. s;i-j.

Hill. Alford'* AnnalK, II., p. ^3j ; „ „ Ch«in[nwy,p.S3i.

Boll., vol. xxxix., p. 143. PnniMl Life of Anowuniih.

Lcland, Win., lii.. f' 4^iiy-tP-S7' I-aJy S^Ii>'l>u()-'» Account of hct BcO'

Collect., iv., p. 304. (her Fclton.

THE TWENTY-NINTH DAY.

Af ikt Cathedral of St. Paul, in Lnndatt, the dcpcsiiipn of St. SbBBI, King, Confessor, and Monk. — At Lancaster, tkt passion of ihi Vtmrabk KiCHARD Hekst, Layman, wka suffered a glorious martyrdom in the reign of C/iaria I.

St Scbhi. St. SEUBI. King of Essex, was ever a de\'Oted '^X-Sr^' '"^''vant of God, who resolutely persevered in his •M- Christian profession, when his partner in the king- dom, Sigheri, apostatised* from the Faith. Throughout his long reign St, Scbbi never ceased from the practice of good works. He delighted in all the e-vcrciscs of religion, in con- tinual prayers, and abundant alms bestowed on the poor. It was said that such a man should have been a bishop rather than a king; and, in truth, it was the wish of his heart for

AT70. 3».}

MENOLOGY.

42.

many years to lay down his sceptre and embrace the monastic profession. His wife, however, could not be Induced to con- sent ; and it was not until he had reigned for thirty years, and was seized with a sickness, which evidently betokened his approaching death, that she reluctantly yielded to his wish- Hereupon the King went immediately to Waldhcrc, the Bishop of London, carrying with him a liberal benefnction for the poor, but without a thought of reserving anything for his own wants. From this prelate he had the consolation of receiving the religious habil, and then thought only of pre- paring himself for de<ith. In his liumiLity he feared leat at his last moments he might be betrayed into some want of con- formity to the Divine Will, or other imperfection, and asked that no one might be present, save the Bishop liimself and two of his own attendants. But his fear» were necdlcts, and God was pleased to strengthen Iiim with a most consoling vii^ion. In which he was assured that after three days he should be called to his heavenly reward. The prediction was fulfilled, and on the day named St. Scbbi breathed his last, free from pain and in perfect peace of soul. .'\t the time of his burial it was found that the stone coffin prepared for his venerated remains was considerably too short, when, in the presence of the King's own son, the Bishop, and many other wit- nesses, it was miraculously extended, Co the admiration of all.

St. Sebbi was buried in Sl Paul's Cathedral, where hb tomb remained till the destruction of the ancient church.

V. Richard The Venerable RiCHAKD Herst was a farmer ^AD ' '" l-anca,shire. A warrant was t.'isucd to bring lOaB. him before the Bishop of Chester, on the charge of recusancy, for not attending the Trotestant Church. The constables who came to take him found him actually holding the plough, and one of them immediately struck him a violent blow on the head. This made the farm-servants suppose that they were going to kill hiro and hasten to his succour. In consequence of the stn^gle which ensued, one of the con-

426

MENOLOGY.

[AUO. 30.

stables fell and broke his leg, and died from the accident not long afterwards. It is ii1mo»l incredible to say it, but on this was founded a chaise of murder against Hcrst, and on this he was condemned to death by Judge Yel- vcrton ; but as pardon was olTcrcd if be would take the oath of supremacy, it is clcai' tJiat he suffered for the Catholic religion.

The execution took place the day after that of Fr. Arrow- smith, and as Hcrst passed the place where his head was ex- posed, he said : " I look at the head of tliat blessed Martyr, whom you ha.vc sent before to prepare the way for us ". His firmness and serenity were perfect; he gave what he could in alms, recommended himself to the mercy of God and to the intercession of our Blessed Lady and tlie Saints, and after thrice repeating the names of Jesus and Mary, gave up his soul to God. Hcrst wrote several letters after his condemna- tion, and ill one of them, to his spiritual father, expresses his extraordinary sentiments of consolation and his desire to be with Christ, lie asks for the prayers of his friends, and that .sonie Masses may l>c said for his sou!, and promises to be mindful of them, when God in His mercy should admit him to His Kingdom.

St. Scbbi. Mfi'l. Rom. Lfg. Whitf. Add. (J< March) ; \V.

1 and 3 ; Chsl. Hitt. Bedft, iii., c 30 : Ev., c. it.

V. Rkhud Herat. Hitt. Chnllonn's Min. Friuti. vol.

ii. Piimo] Life.

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

4f Tavistock, in Deimx. the <xmmimoratiott of ST. RUMOS, Bishop ami Confessor. — At Tyburn, //« passion of six i/iustti- otts Martyrs, Ou venerable servants of God — RiCJIARI) LEIGII,

Prifst; Ed\vak[> Shellev, Riciiakjj Maktin. Richard FJ-Ower, John Roch, Layttun; attd Maugaket Ward, Gcntlawman — aU of whom suffered in t/u perseaition of Elisabeth,

AUG. 30]

MENOLOGT.

42?

St. Rumon, St. Rumon, Of KUAN, WAS a native of Ireland, ^Pj^^J"^' and a Bisliop. it is said, who came to Cornwall to Uaccrtiin. end his days in holy solitude. He chose a cell in a certain forest in Cornwall, which then abounded in wild bcastSL In this spot he devoted himself to his pious practices, and in God's good time was called to his heavenly reward. About the year 9S1, when Duke Ordulph had completed the monastery at Tavistock which his father had b^un, the relics of St. Rumon were solemniy translated to that church, and were there nobly enshrined. He was regarded ^vith great veneration, as one of the special patrons of that foundation.

Sl Ruan in Cornwall in neai the Li/atd Poini, and lAveial churchefi in ihc (■jtrinti ot n<:!(;hbouthood arc dedicated in hia honoar. ss also the Church of Romane Leigh, in WorccMcishiic Malneabut; saw ihc i>b(ine of tho Stunt ai TavittKk, but could kam no partieulan oT hit liJe.

V. Richard The Venerable RicilAKD LeiGH, a native of

V^Edward ^-"""Jo". studied first at the College at Rheims.

Sheii*7. M- ;and afterwards at Rome, where he was ordained

Martin. M. ; pficst. In 1582 hc was sent on ll:e Mission, but

^- '''*^'^<' was soon apprehended, thrown into prison, and

V- John ' afterwards banished, Hc returned, however, to

V MajgAfet '^'^ apostolic labours, but was again seized, and

Ward. M.. became one of the many victims of this year of

15S8! bluod. It is said that hc was pre^ient at the

examination of a Catholic gentleman by Aylmer,

the Protestant Hishop of London, and that when the prisoner

declined to enter into controversy, Mr. I-cigh felt bound to

odcr to defend the Catholic cause. Upon this the Bishop,

with most abusive language, gave him up to the secular

courts, that "his mouth might be stopped with a halter",

Hc was accordingly executed at Tyburn, as Stowe says, "for

having been made priest beyond the seas, and remaining in

this realm, contrary to the statute ", At the same time there

suffered four laymen, the venerable servants of God — ElAVAKD

SHELl,EV, of the family of the Shelleys of Sussex ; RlCHARD

Martin, Richard Fix»wek, and John Rocii— some of them

428

MENOLOGY.

TATJO. 30.

for being reconciled to the Church, and others for aiding and abetting priests, but further particulars respecting them are wanting.

This day is also memorable for the illustrious martyrdom of the Venerable Margaret Wakd. She belonged to a gentleman's family settled at Conglcton, in Cheshire, but was resident in London, in the household of a lady of rank. The death was brought about through her heroic and successful efforts to procure the escape of one of the confessors from the gaol of Bridewell. 'ITiis was Richard Watson, a priest of the College of Rhelms, who had a short time before, under the pressure of cruel torments and insupportable labours, yielded to human frailty and consented for once to be present at the Protestant worship. On his compliance, he had been set at liberty, but his remorse w:is so great, that he could find no rest for his soul, until he had sought out some of his fellow-priests and received sacramental absolution for his sin. Even then he could not be satisfied without endeavouring to make reparation for the scandal, and boldly entering the same Church of Bridewell, in the face of the congregation he loudly declared his detestation of what he had done. He was at once immediately arrested and put into confinement.

It was a most dangerous thing to attempt to visit him under such circumstances, but Miirgaret Ward courageously under- took the duty, having secured the goodwill of the gaoler's wife. At first the baskets of provisions which she carried with het were carefully searched ; but as soon as she perceived that the keepers had become less cautious, she contrived to seerete a cord, by means of which the poor prisoner was able to let himself down from the window. He was seriously hurt by the fall, and was obliged to leave the cord hanging from the window, This led to the conviction of the Martyr, who fear- lessly acknowledged before the judge what she had done, saying there was no act of her life of which she was less dispascd to repent. She was condemned for felony, but told that if she would aslc the Queen's pardon and go to church all would be foi^iven. Margaret protested that she had in no way offended

AUG. 31.]

MENOLOGy.

429

her majesty, and that to attend the heretical worship would be grievously against her conscience. For such a cause she would be content to lay down many lives, if she had them. She suffered with such constancy and alacrity that the by- standers were much moved and (greatly edified.

Si. Komon. Xluxyn,

Cnl. II. Hisl. Dousy Diiriet; Yepei.

ilnrlt. M, Q. CballiMicT'H Miu. IVi'csib, vol. i.

Ltg, Vi. »; Chal. Archiv. \Vc«inon., Chfunpnc)', p. Hia. Hslmesb. Pom., it.. { «. 851.

Leluid. CoIIku. iv.. p. tjx.

THE THIRTY-FIRST DAY.

At Folkestone, in Kent, the deposition of St. Eanswid.A, Virgin and Abbfss. — At Lindisfame, l/u dfpasitien of St. A I DAN, Bishop and Confessor. — At Wim borne, in Donet. the deposition of St. CvTHliliRCA, Qtuen, Virg-in, and Ahbtss, and th4 iioty tntutory of Aer sister St. Quenhukua, Virgin.

SLEuBwidft, St. Eamswiua was the daughter of Eadbald, y^ King of Kent, and successor of his father St 640 c F.thelbert, the first Christian prince of the English. Her mother was Emma, daughter of the King of Austraaia. St. Eanswida, with her father's approbation, retired to the newly-founded monastery at Folhtstone, of which she be- came Abbess. There she served God in great sanctit)* of life, and in that church her sacred body reposed. In tlw Danish wars the monastery was entirely dcstroj'cd, and the church and lands were eventually given to Christ Church, in Canterbuiy.

St Aidan, As soon iis St. Oswald was established on the

^^A. CK*^' throne of Northumbria, his chief care was to win

<i5i' his pagan .subjects to the religion uf Christ, and

so to renew the work of can\'crsioii happily begun by St

Paulinus, but miserably interrupted, and in a great measure

ruined, by the wars and otlier calamities which had inlen-encd.

430

MENOLOGY.

[AUG. 31.

With this view the holy King sent to beg for help from the Irish Monastery of Hy.or lona. where he had himself rccei\-ed baptism. The first missioncr who was sent in compliance tvith this request was a man of an austere and unyielding temper, who could not Rain the ear or win the heart of the Northumbrians. He returned, therefore, to his monasteiy to report the ill-success of bis preaching, and declared the English to be an obstinate and barbarous people, whom it was hopeless to think of converting. It was then that St. AlUAN suggested, with all humility, tlial perhaps the missioner had expected too much, and had put before his hearers- the more sublime counsels, instead of beginning with the easier and more necessary precepts, not remembering that, accord- ing to the Apostle, children must be fed with milk, before they can be fit for stronger food. In the judgment of the assembly, these words murked .Aidun as the man to under- take the work, and he was in consequence consecrated Bishop and sent to St. Oswald. .*\t his own wish, the King granted him the isle of I.indtsfamc as his episcopal Sec. but hisj diocese reached from the Forth to the Hutnbcr, and com- prised the whole kingdom.

Aidan'g mis-sion was attended with abundant blessings from God. His humble and mortified temper, his spirit of poverty and detachment, and the e%*idcnt sanctity of his life won to Christ those who had resisted a more imjicrious exercise i authority. It was his custom to go about the country on' foot, accompanied by his clergy, who spent the time of the journey in meditation, in reading the Scriptures, and learning the Psalms. I'hose whom he met on the way he would stopi and speak to, always ready with some words which might profitable to their salvatioa His alms were abundant, and if he was at any time obliged to accept gifts from the greatj men of the kingdom, they always passed immediately froml hi.i hands to those of the poor. The great influence he had with several powcrrut and good princes was only used by hira for the service of God, and all recognised in him every virtue which befitted a pastor of Christ's (lock. Many well-aulhcu- ticated miracles arc recorded of him, both when alive ar

AUO. 31.]

MENOLOGY.

431

after Ills death. At length, after ruling his diocese during seventeen years, he was called to his reward when at tlie King's Villa, near liamburgh, where he had a church, to which he often resorted for the convenience of his people. In this spot, and within a tent set up for him by the wall of the church, he breathed his soul into the hands of his Creator. St. Culhbert, then a shepherd boy in the mountains, in vision saw the blessed spirit carried by Angels into heaven, which so impressed his mind that he at once resolved to quit the world for the life of a monk.

SS. CuUi- These holy Virgins were the sisters of Ina, Ou^urM, '^'"S °' ^^^ ^^*^' Saxons, Cutiihurga was VirBms, espouscd to Atdfrid, son of Oswy, King of y2^^ Norlhumbria, but with tib consent preserved her viiginity, and after a short time separated from him to follow a higher vocation. She retired to the Abbey of Barking in Essex, learned the religious discipline under St. Hildclith, the second Abbess, and there made her pro- fession. Cuthbui^a afterwards undertook the fuuiidation of tile Monastery of Wirabomc, in which she was assisted and joined by St. QuenbUKGA. Tlie foundation, as was so common in those days, was a double one ; but the strictest rules were enforced as to the separation of the houses of the men and tliosc of the women. St, Cuthburga was, indeed, so rigorous in this respect that no men, whether secular or ecclesiastical, not even Bishops, were allowed to enter the enclosure of her nuns. Such was the holy discipline of this bouse, from which St. Boniface a little later had the consola- tion of drawing St Lioba and St. Tccia, as well as other holy women, to a.ssist his apostolic work in Germany.

llcforc her death St Cuthburga was careful to show her love for her community by giving them most touching ad- monitions regarding the perfection of their state. The year of her death cinnot be precisely ascertained, but the day is said to be the 31SI August It is also uncertain whether St Qucnburga survived her, or went before to her heavenly reward.

432 MENOLOGY. [AUG. 31.

St. Eanswidsi. Cah. 24, 46. Hist MS. edited by Cockayne (Rolls),

Marti. H, L, M, P, Q, R. vol. iii., p. 423.

Leg. Tinm., fol. 23311; Capgt., fol. Thom (Twysd,, Cols. 1906, aaao, 656; Nov. Leg., fol. 9711; Whitf. 3324. Add.; W. land 2; Chal.

St. Aidan. Cats. 2, 7, I3<i, b, c, 37, 39, 63, 64, Leg. Tinm., fol. 231A; Capgr., fol. 95. 4i; Nov. Leg., fol. 4&; WhitL

Marts. Rom., H, K, L, P, Q, R. Sar. 1 W. i and 3 ; Chal.

Hiit. Beda, tii., c. 3 et ieg., 17, 25. SS. Cuthburga and Quenbucga. Cnh. (Cuthbuiga) i, 4, 5, 15, iS, 39. Hiit. Flor., a.d. 71S, and Genealogies. Marli. H, L, Q. Malmesb. Reg., i., g 35.

Leg. Tinm., fol. 2341; Capgr, (burnt); Mabill., Acta SS. Bened., sxc. iii., Nov. Leg., fol. 7911; Whitf. Sar.; vol. ii., p. 422. \V. r and 2 ; Chal. (Quenburga) W. 1 and 2 (12 and 22 Sept.) ; Chal,

SEPTEMBER.

THE FIRST DAY.

At St Sulian, tuar AUih, in BriiiaH^, the festival 0/ St. SiLIN, Confessor.

St. Silin, St. Silin, who is also called SuuF.N, and

e^*Cent. "^ Brittany is known as St. Sulian, was the son of Brocmail, King- of North Wales. At a very early age he followed a company of monks whom he casually met, and associated himself with them. At first his father wa? greatly incensed; and though he afterwards con- -scntcd to his vocation, the Superior Ihoujiht it prudent to con- ceal his novice, and sent hira to the solitude of a little island in the Mcnai Straits^ In time he was recalled, and became Abbot of the community ; but the persecution of a wicked woman, who had desij^s agatn.st hi<i virtue, obliged him to withdraw, and take refuge in Brittany. lie fixed his abode on the river Kance, and there laboured for the conversion of the pagans, who still remained in the countr>'. He is said to have had fifteen companions, and to have been visited by St Samson, Bishop of D6lc. On the death of his persecutor, he was invited to return to Wales, but chose rather to end his da>'s where God had guided him. As a token of his love, he sent to his community his book of the Gospels and his staff. His tomb is still pointed out in the church of his monastery. The festival of St Silin is marked on different days in the Calendars of St Malo and L<5on.

Cat. gi. Hisl. L«binnu,SiinU<leBKUgne,i..

Ltg. Brev. Supplement* of Lion u>4 p. 13a. SL Uaki.

28

434

MENOLOGY.

[SEP. 2, 8.

THE SECOND DAY.

At Roschild, « t/ie Island of Zealand, in Denniari. the diposilion oftlie luUy Frtlate, WlLLUM, Bishop of that See.

Wiii!»m. By the historians of Denmark, William is said

^A^."^' ^'^ ''^^^ ^^" ^" Englishman, and a chaplain to 'oOj. King Canute, whom he accompanied on a visit which he paid to his hcrcililary stateis. The a[xistolic spirit of William wassoafFlicted at u'itncssing the state of ignorance and superstition in which that people lived, that he stayed behind to preach the Gospel to them. Having laboured with zeal for some time, he was appointed Bishop of Roschild or Rocsktldc. In this exalted position he gave proof not only of his charity, but of his apostolic firmness, and on more than one occasion resolutely reproved and even excommunicated King Sweyn for certain excesses into which he had been betraj'cd. He had, however, the consolation of seeing the sincere repentance of the prince, who became his devoted friend and the sui>- portcr of alt his good works. William was deeply affected when he beard of the death of the King, and prayed that Ihcy might not long be separated ; and when the body was brought to Roschild for burial, he prostrated himself in earnest suppli- cation for the rest of his soul, and in that posture himself passed to a better life. The King and the Bishop were accordingly buried together in the Cathedral Church. Our English historians do not mention this William ; nor is it clear that he received the honours of a Saint in Denmark, though tJie holine^ of his life was universally acknowledged.

£^g. Glial, (j Sept.). Hi$l. Cftwy. Ch. Hwl., hook xtxiv.. c.

a I (taken Etom ihc D«ni«h mlfaaii- Uca, Soxo QrammAttcuG, CRiitueus}.

THE THIRD D.-\y.

A/ Chclles, in Frame, the commetnoraiittn ef Si. HERE- Swri'U.-\, Qnetn, and afterwards professed Religious of the Abbey of Chclles.

SEP. 4.]

MENOLOGY.

455

St. Here- ST. HerkswITHA wiis daughter of Ereric, the

Widow nepl^«w of St Edwin, King of Northutnbria, and

Lftle iaTth sister of St. Hilda of Whitby. She was married

No 0*7- to St. Etiielhere, who succeeded his brother Anna

as King of the East Angles, but reigned only one

year, being killed in the wars with Oswy in 655. Having

thus become a widow, Hereswilha resolved to embrace the

religious life, and for this purpose went to Chelles, at that

time in the diocese of Paris. There she was professed, and

faithfully persevered in her holy state until death. It was

the intention of St. Hilda to have joined her .sister, but before

she would leave England she was recalled by St Aldan to

establish a monastery of Virgins in Northumbria,

Thomat ol Ely tayt that Hciexi^-Uha wai the wife oT Anna, but theie are difficulties which teem lo moke it imiWBsiblcu Florence and Malmesbury a^rcc that her hnibAnd wu Cthelheic

Lfir. ChudcChMteUini W. t and 21 HUl, BcdsL, iv., c ij ; Phmnct. Chsl. GeTieilogiet.

Malraesb. Kcg-i t., f 97.

THE FOURTH DAY.

/« f/u: Isle of Anglesey, the Jcitival of %1. RlIUDLAD, /c whom Oie Church of Llamhudlad is dtdUaUd, and w/ufse name apptars oh this day in an (tmiiHt WffsJi Calendar. — At Dur- ham, tJu translation of the iocnd relics of ST. CUTHBERT, Bishop and Confessor, tvfiich, after being transported from plau lo place during tnany years, lo escape tlu luathen Danes, were en this day, in the year 100^, finaUy deposited by Htsfiop AlduHt in tiie nexvty erected Cathedral of Durham, the holy body being found perfectly iruarrnpt. — At York, tlu passion of tlu Venerable Ricii.VRD Horner, Priest^ who suffered martyr' dem tfurely for his sacerdotal character.

V. Richard The Venerable Martyr, RlciIARD HoRNER,

"'2^ "'was born at Bolton Ilridgc, in Yorkshire. He

1598. was a student of Douay. and was made priest

soon af^er the return of the College to that place from

Rheims. He was sent on the Mission in 1595. Ukc so

43<5

MENOLOGY.

[SEP. 6, ft

many others, he fell into tKc bands of the enemies of the Faith, and was condemned to death merely as a. Catholic priest He had much to suffer in prison, but endured all with courage, and met death with great constancy.

Sl. Rhudlad. Cot. 91.

Sl CuthbetL Call. t. ». 4, 7. It, ijfl. 6, «, I+, 18. 37. ^3. 65-

UmU. I. K, L, H. p. Q.

ttUl. Simeon Dundm. (Twywi. C«l.).

V. Richard Hoinet. IHtt. Challonct'i Mils. I'riciti, vol, i. Atchiv, Wcstmon., Cbunfniey.p. gGji Cttt-logoa.

THE FIFTH DAY.

A/ Ripon. /Ag passion of WiLLtAM Browk, n'^c stiffened a blessed martyrdom for his seal for ihe Cadwlic Faith,

V. William The Venerable WILLIAM BroWN was a native Xd ' ^^ Northamptonshire ; but it seems to have been 160S in Yorkshire that he was apprehended and tried. The charge against him was his wal in endcivourlng to per- suade his neighbours to embrace the Catholic religion. On this accusation he was condemned as guilty of high treason, and executed at Ripon.

Hitt. Challonei'M MifC. Prietit. vol. U, ; CatdogueiL

THE SIXTH DAY.

/« the fsh of Hy, or lona, flu commemoratiffH of the Aely^ Aidvt Adamnan, w/wsi inlimate relations with the En^isk 9/* Ncrthumhria give Itim a place in oar Calendar.

St. Adumnas. Adamnan* was Abbot of the celebrated Irish

A.D. ' Monastery of Hy. or lona, on the west coast of

701- North Britain; but,, although he never resided

permanently in our countrj-, or exercised any

apostolic mission amongst us, his intimate relation with the

monks of Wearmouth and \vith Aldfrid, King of Northumbria,

aflTord us a claim to reckon him with our Saints. His first

MENOLOGY.

4»

coming to lilngland was as ambassador from his own nation to King Aldfrid, and while here he took the opportunity of visiting the neighbouring monasteries, and observing carefully' in what rc-ipccts the usages of the English differed from those in which he had been educated. He was a wise and good man, and deeply versed in the Holy Scriptures, and was fully satisfied by the arguments of the Abbot Ccolfrid, how unfitting it was that a few monks in the extreme corner of the world should persist in practices at v-ariancc with those of the rest of the Catholic Church.

On his return to lona, he endeavoured by gentle persuasion — for he was a lover of peace — to induce his subjects to adopt the proposed reform, but it was without success, and he then crossed over to Ireland, where he was gladly welcomed, and was the means of introducing the Roman computation of Eaater and the other changes almost everywhere, except in the communities depending on tona. He then returned to his abbey, but was still unable to accomplish what he so much desired, and died wiUiin the year. The work which he was not permitted to effect was to be achieved some years later through the instrumentality of St. Egbert. St. Adamnan was a distinguished writer, and compiled the authentic life of St Columba, his predecessor. He also compiled a work on the holy places of Palestine, from materials supplied by a French Hishop named Arculphus, who was driven by a .storm to the shares of Britain on his return from his pilgrimage.

Itg. ChoJ. U Sep.).

nut. Beds, v., c. 15, 11.

THE SEVENTH DAY. jit Hexham, in Nortiiumberland, the dtpositien of St. ALCHMUND, BislUfp and Confessor.— At Tyburn, the passwn of the blessed Afartyrs, tki Venerable JOHN DUCKETT, Priest, and the Ventrablt Ralph Corbv, Priest ef the Society of fesus, 7uho suffered tinder the Parliamentary Govemmtitt in tfu time of the Great Rebellion.

438

MENOLOGY.

[SEP. 7.

SrAlchmund, St. AlXlHMUNn succccdcd Frithcbcrt as Bishop ^'a.D. ' ^^ Hexham in 767, and governed the diocese with 7^t- a high reputation for holinesii of Uft: and %-igilance in his pastoral office. He reposed in the Lord in 781, and was buried by the side of St. Acca, one of his holy prede- cessors. Over 250 years after his death, St. Alchmund appeared to a pious priest of Hexham, and ordered that his body should be translated to a more honourable place in the ^ame church, which was done with great pomp and devotion on the 4th AugusL

V. John The Venerable JOHN DUCKETT was the son

'^Ij^'^l^: ^ 'of a gentleman of ancient family, but reduced Corby. M„ estate, and was a kinsman of the Martyr James Ji^; Duckctt, who suffered under Elizabeth. He was born in the parish of Scdbcrg, in Yorkshire, and studied at Douay. After his ordination he went for further study to Arras College in Paris. While yet a student he was singularly devoted to mental prayer, tn which he was greatly favoured, and sometimes spent whole nights in heavenly contemplations ; but so sincere were his humility and his fear of delusions that he conferred on the subject with the most spiritual persons he could meet with, who entirely approved of the sublime course to which he was called. The mission of Duckctt was in the bishopric of Durham, and there he laboured for about a year, when he was arrested on the road and taken before the I'arliaraenlary Commission then silting at Sunder- land.

At first he refused to declare whether he was a priest or not ; but afterwards, seeing that his silence was likely to compromise other Catholics, who had also been arrested, he thought best to acknowledge it. Upon this he was sent to London for trial, and committed to Newgate, and at the next sessions condemned to death. So great was the joy of the holy man that his friends noticed a total diange in his com- plexion and countenance, whicli hud hitherto been pale, but now became bright and angelical In appearance, and so re- mained till his death. He was able to say of him.self, as he

SEP. v.]

MENOLOGY.

439

did in .several letters, " that ever since he was a priest he did much fear to live, but nothing fear to die". During the short

I interval before his execution his humility and cheerfulness were shown in many ways. He had a prospect of being released in cxchanfic with an English prisoner abroad, but when the scheme failed it made no change whatever in the tranquillity of the Martyr. He was drawn to Tyburn on the

I hurdle with Fr. Ralph Corby, and the two .smilingly gave their bles.sinf to the many Catholics who asked it, among whom was the Resident of the King of Portugal. Duckett had not the opportunity of saying many words to the people, being almost choked by the rope round his neck. When it was brought to him he ki.'iscd it for joy. "that he was thereby so

■ near tlie end of his time and the beginning of eternity ".

I The Venerable Ralph Cokbv, who was known on the

H Mission by the name of Carlikgton, was bom near Dublin,

Bbut his parents were natives of Durham, who had gone to

H Ireland in hopes of enjoying greater freedom in the exercise

™ of their religion. Thc>' returned to England when Ralph

was about five years old, but to a renewal of the vexations

Hand persecutions they had formerly suffered. The piety of

these good Christians was proved by the fact that the wliole

family, father, mother, and the five children, all eventually

B became religious. Ralph was sent for his education to St.

B Oracrs, and from thence to Spain, where he remained till he

B was ordained priest. He then entered the no%'ttiatc of the

fl'Jesiiits at Wattcn, and in due time was sent on the English

■ Mission in 1632. He toiled for twelve years, principally ^1 among the poor Catholics in Durham, to whose service he B entirely devoted himself, and endured many hardships, which B greatly injured his health. Martyrdom was the happiness

after which he aspired, and the desire of his heart was at

length accomplished. The holy man was seized at a private

■house, whither he had gone to say Mass, and sent to Sun-

derland, to the Parliamentary Commission then silting.

s he owned himself to be a priest, there was no need of

. further evidence, and he was sent to London by sea ti^cthcr

ith Duckctl, his fellow-Martyr. They had the consolation

440

MENOT-OGY.

[SEP. 8.

of being confined in the same cell, and were able to render one another all spiritual consolation. When there was a prospect of a. pardon being obtained for one of the two by exchange for a prisoner abroad, there was a pious and most edifying strife between the two as to who should benefit by- it, and in the end Fr. Corby succeeded in inducing Duckclt to promise to avail himself of it. The prospect, however, was itever realised, and the two blessed men were taken together to Tyburn. Fr. Corby spoke some serious and touching words to the people, and with great piety resigned himself to his sentence. The t\vo Martyrs were allowed to hang till after death before the other penalties were executed. Notwith- standing the precautions ordered by the sheriff, the Catholics succeeded in carrying away various reh'cs.

In ibc AichivcH of the See of WcBtmiiiBtet ihete it a moKi: beautiflil uata- Knph kiux of ihc Vcnccabk John Ducket t, nritlen on the eve of tila mtnytdom, to the Bi«hop of Chalcedon, then tcsidins in Pjuii.

Si. Alchmund, Mart)'tt.

Lfg. White A<ld.(7 Scp.)i ChaL(ii Hill. Oouay PuTiei { ChaUonsr'*

June). Miss. PiiestB, vol. ii.

Niit. Simeon Dunebn. {Twyti. Cot., Pilnted Llvn ; Foley't Record*. .

106-10). Archiv. WcKmon., sxx., pp. iHg, 191. Richard of Hexham (Twysd. Col.,

a89|.

THE EIGHTH DAY.

y« Rome, //te pims mimsry of In A, King $/ the tVtst Saxons, and Ethelburga, his Wt/e.

lo Diy.

itin.ivnd When Ceadwalla abdicated his kingdom and

^"a'.d^**' '"^^"^^ **» Rome, he was succeeded by hi.": kinsman (ina). INA, who had a long and prosperous reign of 37 years. He was successful in his wars in Kent, Kast Anglia, and with the WcUh. His wisdom as a legislator is proved by the code of laws which he promulgated, and hia piety by the many services he rendered to the Church. In the reign of Ina die diocese of Wcsscx was divided and the Sec of Sherborne established, of which St. Aldhclm, the

8HP. a]

MENOLOGV.

441

King's friend and counsellor, was the first titular. He also rcfounded the ancient Abbey of Glastonbury, and endo\vxd that of Ma.lmesbur>-, as well as oUicr religious houses.

Ethelbukga was bis faithful fellow-worker in all that was good, and she too was gifted with princely qualities. On one occasion, when the town of Taunton had fallen into the hands of rebels, and the King was engaged elsewhere, she wrested it from them and raretl it to the ground. Both the King and Queen, however, found these earthly triumphs unsatisfying, and longed for something better. It was under the influence of Ethclburga that their resolution was at last taken, and they forsook their kingdom to seek for peace in a life of devotion in the holy city of Rome. It is not clear that they formally embraced the monastic life, but they laid aside their royal state and persevered in patient expectation of God's good time. Ina is the reputed founder of the English hospice and school in Rome, now represented by the venerable English College, the nursery of so many Martyrs and Mi.'^ioncrs in later times, though some have attributed it to Offa, King of Mercia. Probably Ina was really the founder, and Offa, as well as other later kings, its munificent benefactor.

Ethclburga is said by some authors to have survived her husband, and to have become a professed religious in the Monastery of Barking, in Essex ; but there is reason to think that this was not the case, and that Ethclburga the Queen has been confounded with St. Ethclburga the first Abbess of that house, and sister of Sl Erkonwald, its founder. Miracles were reported to have taken place at intercession of the pious King and Queen.

It la Slid ttiikt a church in Cudiguishire Is dniicaled to Ina (Kees' WtM Samlit p. jaa).

Irg. (Ina) VV. t And a ; Clutl. Hhl. Beda, v. . c. 7 ; rioi., A.t>. 71&

(Ethclburga) W. landa; Glial. Malmcsb. Rcg.,i., t .)}. 37; v.,!f zji.

Msbill., Act« SS. Bencd,. aim. 730, P.4&1.

THE NINTH DAY. ^f Barking, in Bstcx, the /eslwai of St. Wulkilda, Vir^n and Abhess.—At York, Iht passion of fbc VaurabU

442

MENOrOGY.

[SEP. 9.

George Douglas, tulw suffered maiiyrdow on the charge of persuading; the subjects of Elizabeth to the Catfwlic^ rcli^Qn.

St WtilfiM*. St. WULPll.nA was of a noble English family, ^^^' and built and endowed with her own estate the 980 c. Abbey of Horton, in Dorsetshire. When the Abbej* of Barlii'ng was reconstituted, after the dilapidations of the Danes, by the zeal of King Edgar, Wulfilda was appointed Abbess. Her rule was so blessed, that under her the hGu.<ic again flourished in its primitive perfection, in obscr\'ancc. and the holy lives of the religious. It appears that the Saint presided at the same time over this monastery and that of Horton.

In the troubles which followed the death of Edgar, she was expelled by Queen Elfthrytha, but was restored, according to her own prediction, by Ethelrcd. Her venerated remains were buried at Barking : and when translated, thirty years later, were found wholly incorrupt, as though they had only just been interred. So many and so striking were the miracles wrought at her shrine, that St Wulfilda received equal venera- tion with her great predecessors, St. Ethelburga and St Hildelitha.

There i* ft life of itie Saint by GMceliHi wiih Mine earl/ details, which BUggMl a doubt chat th«re may be some conrusion bctwKn her and St. Wulfrida, the mother of St. Edith. William of Malnie^bury pliicM St. Wiilfild* a lltttc befbrc the time of V.A^k. and knowb nothing of her caity history 01 of tbe bundftlion of Horton.

V. Geor» Hie Vcncrabic George Douglas was a native

°°"i'D ■'o*' Scotland, and in the Catalogue of Molanus is 1587. said to have been a priest of Douay College^ He was arrested and tried at York, not precisely on the charge of being a priest, as he was not an English subject, but for persuading the Queen's subjects to the Catholic religion. On this account he was condemned to suffer, as in cases of high treason, and endured his torments with admirable patience

SEP. 10.] MENOLOGY. 443

St. Wullilda. V. George Douglas.

Marti. M, Q. Hiit. Chaltoner's Mies. Priests, vol. i.

Ltg. Tinm., foL 2353; Capgr., fol. Archiv. Westtn., Champney, p. 845.

25911; Nov. Leg., fol. 3366; Whitf,

Add.; W. 1 and 2; Chal. Hilt. Malmesb. Pont., ii., { 73, Leland, Collect., ii., p. 167.

THE TENTH DAY.

At Maghbile, in Ireland, the deposition o/Sr. FiNlAN, w FiNDBAR, Bishop and Confessor. — At Berg, near Ruremond, in Holland, the deposition of St. OdgER, Confessor. — At Win- chester, ike deposition of Sr. Frithestane, Bishop and Con- fessor.— At Lancaster, the passion of the Venerable AMBROSE Bari,ow, Priest and Monk of the Order of St. Benedict.

St. Finian, St. Finian, or FiNDBAR, who is also called 6^'CMitS^. FlNAN, and by the Britons WiNNIN, was a native of Ireland, and of noble birth. He received his first education from Colman, a hoty Bishop, and afterwards went over to Britain, Like St Tigernake, he is called a disciple of Monennius, which probably means that he became a scholar of St. Ninian's great monastery at Whithern, in Strathclyde. On his return to Ireland he became Abbot of Maghbile, and is also called a Bishop. He was greatly famed for his sanctity and extraordinary miraculous gifts. Among other prodigies, he is said to have raised four persons to life. He was anciently honoured as the Patron of the Province of Ulster.

St Odger, St. Odger, the deacon, was the faithful com- 5^ panion of St. Wiro and St. Plechelm. The two 7th Cent Saints had met with him as they were journeying through England on their way to a foreign land, and as Odger was of a kindred spirit with theirs, he at once joined their company ; and from that time the three friends became inseparable, and tasted how good and pleasant it was to serve God in brotherly fellowship. When Wiro and Plechelm had resigned,their episcopal charge, the holy company established

MENOLOGY. [SEP. 10.

themselves at Berg, near Rurcmond, a place generously granted to thctn by I'cpin of Hcristal. There they dc\-oted themselves to the attainment of Christian perfection, remain- ing in the same holy retreat, until one by one God called them to Himself. St. Odgcr was buried with his friends in the Church of Berg; but in the course of time the relics of the three were translated to Ruremond. The festival of St. Odger has been constantly observed In that part of Holland.

St. Frithe- ST. Frithestane is sald to havc been a dis-

Bp'^^onf '^'1''*' of St- Grimbald. His eminent virtues led to

A.D. his appointment as Bishop of VVinchc^^ter, and he

'^ was one of seven who were consecrated on the

same day in the year 909, by Archbishop St. I'le^mund, to

fill the Sees which were tlicn vacant. He ruled his diocese

for the long period of twenty-three years, and ):i reported to

havc been a man of great .<ianctity of life, though no record of

his acts has come down to our time. A year before his

blessed death he consecrated St. Bristan a.s his successor, and

retired to pass his last days in aolitude and prayer.

V. ArobroM The Venerable Edward Barlow, who, on

o^'b*' ^^^ religious profession, took the name of AM-

A.O. BRO!)E, was the son of an illustrious Confessor of

■ the Faith, and was bom at Manchester. After

receiving the niditncnts of a good and i-eligious education, he

went to Douay, and in the course of lime entered the Anglo*

Benedictine Congregation established in that University.

Ilcing duly professed and ordained, he relumed to England

to labour on the Mission in his own countr>', where his love

of prayer and zeal for souls made him a pattern of nil that a

religious and missioiier ought to be. He was several times

thrown into prison, and was just recovering from a severe

illness when arrested for the last time. It was on Easter Day,

1641, when the minister i)f the pari.ih, seeing a large congrega- tion assembled in hts church, proposed to them that, instead of their ti5ual service, they should go with him to lake up the priest Barlow, whom he knc»- to be in the neighbourhood.

SEP. 11]

MENOLOGY.

445

This they gladly acceded to, and the holy man was seized and sent to Lancaster Castle. lie had much to suffer, and could not ]>rocure the consolation of a visit from a priest until near the end, when a Jesuit Father contrived to obtain access to him. He was. however, as he himself asserted, comforted by a vision of the Martyr, Fr. Arrowsmith, whom he had been able to assist in the same place many years before, who assured him that he, too, would shortly glorify God by shedding his blood. His trial and condemnation followed in the usual manner; and on hearing the sentence, he devoutly thanked God, and prayed for all who had a hiind in his death. On his way to execution he carried in his hands a cross of wood, which he had made for himself, and with this walked thrice round the gallows, reciting the psalm Miserere, and then gave himself up to the executioner. Fr. Ambrose refused to dispute with the ministers, who wi^hed to begin a controversy, saying that it w.as unfair, as he had other things to attend to at that time. He suffered with perfect constancy in the fifty-fifth year of his age, the twenty-fifth of his religious profession, and the twenty-fourth of his priesthood and mission.

St. Pini«n. St. PrldiMtanc

Hal. Lanigan. itarli. h. P.

Si. Odger. Ug. Whiif. Sm.; W. t and *; Chal.

Lig. W. I :in<l a.; Chal. Hitt. Simeon Dunclm. (Twy»d, CoU,

HiiL Boll. (}iil vol. Sept.}, p. OIL 154),

Malmeab. Font., ii., | 75; Reg. ii. , Vcn. AnibrcH Bvlow.

Hitl. Challoner'i Mil*. PrieaU.vol. iL

THE ELEVENTH DAY.

At Bangor, in Camari'onshire, tJu /rstri'ai 0/ Stt. D.-VNIEL, Sisiup and Confessor.

St. Daniel, St. Daniel was the first Bishop of Bangor,

i^^ and is said to have been consecrated to that See

545- by St. Dubritius in the year jiO. He was so

renowned for the sanctity of his life that the Cathedral of

446

MENOLOGY.

[SEP. la.

Bangor and other churches were dedicated in his honour. The day assignc<l to his commemoraition in the Welsh Calendars is the l ith September. He passed to a better life in the year 545.

Cat. SI. Leg. W. i and 1: Chal.

THE TWELFTH DAY.

T/u fiiffus memory of the most re/igwus ANNA, Kiug of East Anglia, ti Irue senvmi of God, and ilu fatlur of a family of Saints.

Kins' Anna,

-D.

This excellent King -succeeded to the throne ^^ of Kast Anglia on the death of Egric, who, to- NoDaj. gclhcr with St. Sigbcrt, was slain by Pcnda of Mcrcia. He showed himself a zealous propagator of the Faith, and among other good deeds added to and endowed St. Fursey's Monastery of Burph Castle, which his prede- cessor, St. Sigbcrt, had founded. It was with Anna that Coinwalch, King of Wcsscx, when uxpclkd from his territory by Pcnda, took refuge; and though he had refused to embrace ChriBtianity when his father Cynigils was baptised, during his exile he was converted, and on recovering his estates proved himself a zealous Christian. There can be no doubt that the influence and bri!;;ht example of Anna in a great measure contributed to this happy clunge.

The chief gloij'. however, of .Anna in the histor>' of the Church is that his four dauf;hicrs arc numbered among the most illustrious Saints of the country — Sexburga, Queen of Kent, and afterwards Abbess of Ely ; Ethelbuiga, Abbess of Brie; Wtthburga of Derliam ; and, above all, the Virgin Queen and Abbess Ethcldreda. To these may be added their half-sister St. Scthryda, the daughter of Anna's wife by a former marriage.

After a long reign of t%venty-onc years, this virtuous prince became engaged in a fresh war with the .lamc fierce pagan Pcnda, and, like his predecessors, fell bravely in battle. Lcf. Chal. (9 Dec), HiU, Bcda, Ui., c 7. 18, iq.

SEP. 13. 14.]

MENOLOGV.

447

THE THrRTEENTH DAY.

At Canterbury, t/w translation of St. Augustine, Bisftop and Confessor, Apostle of the Englisk — a festival also obstrvui on the 6lk Septtinber as a fixed day. Colt, to, 16, 4t, 46. 48. t«. Mt^rtt. K. M. Q. K.

THE FOURTEENTH DAY.

At Sherborne, t/te piints memory of l/it lenrned prelate ASSER. Bishop cf that See.

Aswr Bp,. Among the pious and learned men whom ^j°- King Alfred brought together for the rcstordtion No D»y. of study and the promotion of virtue in his dominions, one of the most coa-ipiciious was Asser, the historian of his reign. This eminent man was a native of Pembrokeshire, and became a monk of St David's; but his reputation was not cx>nfined to his monastery or his own country, and reached the ears of Alfred. The King induced him to visit his Court, and made him the most liberal offcri of promotion if he would settle in his dominions, Asser, how- ever, at first refused, not wishing to leave the place of his religious profession and his ordination, for merely worldly advantages. At length he was [persuaded to consent, being convinced that he might be able to render good service to the cause of religion and learning. The King fully maintained the promises he had made, and at length named him for the bishopric of Sherborne. It was with his assistance that Alfred completed his English translation of the Comolations of Philosophy of the celebrated Scvcrinus Docthius — the same whose claim to the title of Saint and Martyr was solemnly recognised by Pope I-co XIIl., on the 15th December, 1883, Asser survived his great patron, and wrote the life of him which we still have ; but the Chronicle attributed to him, and commonly called that of St. Ncot's, has been proved not to be his work. His death, according to the Saxon Chronicle

448 MENOLOGY. (SEP. 15, 16.

took place in 910. thougl) Florence of Worcester, by an obvious mistake, places it many years earlier.

Hilt. Maltnc»t>. Pont., it.. 1 80. Mabillon. Aonalt, vol. tit., f, 141.

., Reg.,u.,f wi.

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

At Loc-Harn. in M^ diocese of Vannes, in Brittany, the Iwiy memory of St. Hernin, Conftssor and Hirmit.

St Hemiii. St. Heknin was one of the many Christians "<"Ji^<'°'-of Great nritaiii who took refuge in Brituny 540- during the sixth century. He Ictl a life of soli- '■ tudc, entirely hidden from the world, but the miracles wrought at his tomb revealed his sanctity, and gained the veneration of the neighbouring jiopulation, A church was built over his sepulchre which still remains, and is known as Loc-Harn. Many relics of the Saint are pre- served there and held in due reverence.

HiH. Lolin«an, SainU dc Btciagnc.

u V- 135-

THE SIXTEENTH DAY. 1

At Whithcm, in GatUnvc^, formerty in l/u British /hing- dom of Stratfulyde, llu commemoration of St. NiNlAN, Bishop and Conftsior. — At Wilton, in Wiltshirt, the deposition of St. EuiTH, Virgin and Abbess, the daughter of King Edgar. — At Lancaster, t/te passion of the Venerable Laurence Baii.e\', Layituin, wfio suffered a glorious martyrdom, on the charge of assisting in tJie escafif of a missionary priest.

St. Ninian, St. Niniak was a native of Britain, but while 'a D ' y*^ ** youth forsook his countrj- and his kindred, 412 c. and betook himself to Rome. In that city he was thoroughly instructed in the Faith and mysteries of our holy religion, and in course of time consecrated Bi^op. Having gained the reputation of a most holy aiM3 venerable man, he was sent back to his own country with a special

SEP. 16.]

449

mission to preach to the pagans of the northern parts of the island.

His See was established in Galloway, but his apostolatc extended to all the Picts who were settled south of the Grampians. There he built a church of stone — a novel sight to the Britons — and dedicated it to St. Martin. Hence the place was called Candidii Casa, or Whithcrn — the White House,

In this church the sacred remains of St Ninian were laid together with those of many other holy men, who, according to St. Bcde, repo9c in the same consecrated earth. Some later writers mention St. PtEBEIUS as a brother of St. Ninian, and it ha^ been conjectured that he also was buried in tlic Church of St. Martin.

,St Edith, v., St. Edith was the daughter of King Edgar ■^[- and Wulfrida. She was stilt in her tendercst infancy when her mother carried lier to the Monastcfj- of Wihon, to which place she herself retired to pass the rest of her days in the holy state of religion. From her first years the blessed child exhibited every token of the divine predilection, by the sweetness of her disposition, her humility, her angelic purity, and her singular charity ^.towards all, especially the sick poor. These virtues in- creased as she advanced in life, and gained for her extra- ordinary veneration from all who saw her. The holy Bishop St. Ethclwold of Winchester, however, on one occasion thought fit to reprove her for what he deemed too great attention to the propriety of her dress, to which she replied that the unerring judgment of God was according to the con- sciences of men, and that pride might be concealed under a soiled dress, or humility under precious attire. Edith built the Church of St. Denis at her own monaster)', and the great St Dunstan came to celebrate the consecration. He was seen to shed tears while at the altar, and afterwards explained that he had had a vision, in which it was revealed to him that within six weeks the spouse of Christ would be called hence to Paradise. The Saint died at the age of twenty-three, and

29

450

MENOLOGY.

[&EP. 18.

was buried in the church she had built, at a spot marked out by herself. Not long after, St. Dunstan had a vision ini which St Denis appeared to him holding St Edith by the hand, and demanding that she should receive honours on earth corresponding with those bestowed on her by herj Spouse in heaven. The miracles wrought at the tomb on the holy Virgin became so numerous that it was thought fit to translate her remains to a more honorable place in the church, and on that occasion it was discovered that although the greater portion of her body had fallen to dust, one of the parts which remained entire was the thumb of the right hand, with which it had been her pious practice continually to make the sign of the Cross. St Dunstan had noticed her custom, and had prayed that the same finger might never decay. This translation took , place on the 3rd November, but the year has not been I recorded.

WuUrida, the motlieT of St. Edidi, rarvived ber daughter, tmi lived many yvart as a leligioun in the Abbey or Wilton. She too became eminent loi holine«ii of lire. In her youth Wulfridft. to cvcapc the uncha>t« parsuit 0( King Cdgat, whote life at that time wai siAtncd with many crimn. had ttJtcn refuse !n a rnonanlcry. but wiliiout cmbiactng the religious state. She wM, howcvei, ilia^gcil rioni hcc leiicat, a»il bccajiic th« mother 9f the King's niOKt bicraed child Si. Ediih. When hit fitst wife died, it it uid that Eigu, than penitent foe hiB ini*ilccilH. olTered u'lut reparktian be ooald'] 10 Wulffida, bypiopoaiiig to mtkc hci Ilia (^ucen. She. bo^vevci, chose I belter p»l, >nd withdrew to Wilton, taking the holy infant u-ith her. There ■he peraeveced till het death in Che exerciw; of piety and gp9i work*; The u'ciletKOf oui ancient chtonicIeK give her Ibe title of Saint, and Utect thai ■he u-at regarded uid honoured u (uch in their time. Het death it placed in the year 967.

V. Laurence The Venerable Uauresce Bailev, layman, /!^' was apprehended on the charge of aiding and 1*04- assisting a priest who had escaped from the hands of the pursuivants. He was thrown into prison, where he had much to suffer, and bore all with singular patience. At the assizes he was condemned and executed for felony ; for such his olfence was declared to be by the notorious sututc of the t«-cnty-!Hr\-cnth year of Elizabeth.'

SEP. 17, la]

MENOLOGY.

4SI

St. NinUn.

Lrg. Tinm., fol. 537ft: Capgi., fol. 303b: Nov. Lee., lo\. 341111 W. 1 and 1; Chal. HUt. BcdtL. UL, c |. SI. Ediih.

Hhl. Malmetb. Keg.. U.. § S: Pont, 1>.. * S7.

Lfg. Tinm.. fol. ijgfci C>pgT.. fol. SimMnDunelm,, Ann. Re([..*,B. 964. TOrt; Nov. LeB..ft.1. io»n; Whli*. (Wulfrid«) Flor. (Silnt). S»r.; W.iMdiiChgl.LlWulfiida) Malmcsb. Pont. ii.. I *?; Reg.. iL, W. ,. S 9.

V. U Bailey. f/ll(. Catalogue* of Worthington, Challonet's Niu. Prunt. vol. H. UolanuK, and Wilaon.

JVitrf. Rom.

Catt. t. 11, 5. 15, tS, jS. 6j.

JLf.w(j. Rom.. I. L. P. Q. B.

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY. The passion o/ST. STEPHEN nWST. SOCRATES, Martyrs.

SS. Stephen All the ancient and modern martyroliOgics ■"^^•^JI""- commemorate on this day the martyrdom of A.D.' SlCjihen and Socrates, as having talicii place in "**' Rritain. \Vc have no record of their history, but it is conjectured that they sufTered in the persecution of Diocletian, and about the .-iamc time with St. Alban, as It is known that many of both se.\es then sacrificed their lives for the Faith. The scene of their passion was probably in Mon- mouthshire or South Wales, as churches were dedicated to them in that districL

M-vf\. Roni., A, C, D, O, P, Q. R- Lm%. Whjtf.Sat.; W. i and a; ChaL

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY.

Ik the proi-inee of Lindsey, the Itofy memory of ST. Hyg- BALD, Abbfit an4 Confasor.

St. HrebaJA, St. Bcdc relates that Hvcbai.d was a most

ad' ^'■^y ^"'^ mortified man, and Abbot of some place

685c. not named in Lindsey, the northern district of

'' Linculndiire. On one occasion he went over to

Ireland and paid a visit to St Egbert, who was still in his

MENOLOGY,

[8BP. 19.

retreat at RathmelscgL 'i'hcir conversation turned on the graces and virtues of St Chad, who not long before had bc«n taken to a better life, when St. Egbert told his saintly guest, that at the moment of St. Chad's death some one in Ireland, pro- bably meaning himself, had seen the soul of St. Ccdd, with a troop of Angels, descend to carry the soul of his brother to the heavenly kingdom. The veneration in which St. Hyg- bald was held is testified by several churches dedicated in his honour in Lincolnshire.

Leg. W. I uid 1 ; CluL (ji Sept.). Hnt. »cda, iv.. c J.

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

At Louth, iti Ireiand, the commemortUion ofSx. Mochteus, Confessor^ and first Bishop of (hal S<t.—Al Canterbury, the deposition ^/'St. TheoDOKE, ArMishop and Cott/essor.

Si Mochteus, St. Mochteus was a native of Great Britain, ^''a.D*"^" '*'^° *''^"* °'^^^ ^'^ Ireland to join St. Patrick in 534- his apostolic labours. The Saint, who had fore- seen his arrival in a vision, and had been a.«urcd of the great help he was to receive at his hands, placed htm at Louth, near the plate of his landing. Mochteus gloried in catling himself the disciple of Patrick, who-se friendship and confidence he enjoyed, till they were parted by death, tli.'; life was marked with great sanctity and the gift of prophecy. One of his great works was the foundation of a school, in which many holy bishops and priests were trained for the propagation of the Faith throughout the land.

Lonigan concludei thai MixKleus wa^bocn in llic Rcctlihiioi I>i<i}i Unj^ilom of DaliaiJn; t>Ul, on llic otiict haml, Adtunnv, m the tccond prefwc (a tbc Lift ef Si. Cotuinba, calls him Brito. or a Billon, which he would scarcely do ■fhc w-ere a Scot or a Pici.

St. Theodof*, On the death of St Deusdedit, Archbishop cf

^A.^^' Canterbury, the Kings Egbert of Kent and Oswy

690. of Nortliumbria agreed to send to Rome a holy

priest, by name Wighard, to receive consecration and the

pallium, as his successor. The good man, however, died soon

SHP. 19.]

MENOLOGY.

453

after his arrival, and the Pope St. Vitalian ivas left to make provision for the vacant See. He first chose the Abbot Adrian, but, on his refusal, decided to send TheotJore, who vras then living in Rome, with a high reputation for learning and sanctity of life St Theodore was a native of Tarsus, the city of St. Paul, and consequently of the Oriental rite ; but he received Holy Orders and the episcopate from St Vitalian according to the ritual of Rome. By the Pope's command, Adrian accompanied the new Archbishop to England, and continued during his life his inseparable companion and faithful adviser, St Theodore was gladly wclcoracd on his arrival, and immediately began the great work which has caused him to be considered a second founder of the English Church. lie was the first to exercise metropolitan jurisdic- tion in the variou.i kingdoms of the heptarchy. lie travelled throughout the land and held various synods for the correc- tion of abuses and the better organi-tation of cccle<>iaslica1 government. It was his policy to increase as much as possible the number of episcopal sees, and this he was able to effect to a considerable extent ; but especially was he care- ful in the choice of those who were to preside in these dioceses. To him the Church was indebted for some of the most holy prelates who flourished at that time, such as St Chad, St John of Beverley, St Cuthbcrt, St. Erkonwald, and others. St Theodore and St Adrian were both deeply versed in Latin and Greek literature, as well as in ecclesiastical learning, and opened schools to which the youth from all parts of England eagerly flocked. So great was their pro- ficiency that there were many as well ac<)uaintcd with Greek and Latin as with their native tongue, This great Arch- bishop was highly venerated by the Christian and powerful princes who then reigned. His counsels were received with the utmost deference, and by his prudent arbitration he was often able to avert the miseries of war. These were, as St Bedc testifies, the happiest days known since the arrival of the English in Britain, and for the Church tt was an age of gold.

St. Tlieodore ruled his diocese for twenty-two years, and

454

MENOLOGY.

[SEP. 20, 21.

gave up hi* sout to God at the age of eighty-eight years. He was buried with his predecessors in the Abbey Church of St.

Peter and St. Paul.

St. Theodore.

Cah. lo. 36. 4t, 4^, 62. lOi.

Mi>rii. K»m., K. Q. R (9 Not.)-

Lfg. Tinm., fol. 441(1; Capgi., W. ajSi; Nov. Leg., fol. tSii; WhitK Add. , W. I and a ; Chal.

Hisl. Beda. iv.. t i (t uq.

St. Mochtcuti. Leg. Whltf. Add. (aa Aug.. Si. Mog-

tcwe) i Chal. Hitl. Lnnigan, i.. p. ]o8, Ilittorians of Scfrtland, vol, vi., pp.

107 (wiUi note), 148.

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

At Canterbur)', Minstcr-in-Thanet, and otlur piMts m Kent, the hciy metitory cf many Martyrs wiu> suffered under pagan Danes.

Uany Mar-

'^^P*f"°*' the Danes.

lOII.

No Day.

In the year loi I. Kent was cruelly ravaged by Canterbury was destroyed by fire, the Martyr St. Elphcgir taken prisoner, Minster Abbey and other places totally njincd, and a multitude of Martyrs sacrificed their lives for their holy religion, between the festivals of Our Lady's NatiWty and that of St. Michael. The inhabitants were submitted to a cruel decimation, and more than Soo put to death. Among those taken were Godwin, Bi.ihop of Rochester, and Lefixma,^ Abbess of St. Mildred's Monastery at Minster ; but whether or not they were actually put to death, the annalists do not say.

LcK' W. t and a {30 July. 13 Sept.).

lUfi, Flor., A.D. loii.

Simeon Duncln. (Tw-ytd Cot., 168].

Geivasc [Tivyvd. Col.. 164s). Thocne (Twyid. Col., 1909).

THE TWEXTV-riRST DAY. At Tadcaster. m Yorkshire, the memory of St. Hieu, Virgin and Abdess, l/ie true day of wlwse deposition is imrfj known.

St Hieu, v., St. Hieu is said to have been the first %vonian

g_j in the kingdom of Northumbria who consecrated

Mo D*y. her virginity to God. She received the religious

SEP. 23, 23.]

MEXOLOGY.

455

habit from St. Aidan, the Rusliop.and established a mwtAstery at Hartlepool. She did not remain there long, but ^esig^(^d her place to St Hilda, and retired to Tadcaster, u'here she Formed a new foundation. The village now called Hcalaugh, which signifies in the ancient English language " Hieu's terri- tory," is considered by some lo have been the actual site of her abode, and there, near the church, the foundations of some ancient building ha%-c been discovered.

The BotUndUtt and iiom« oihei writen HHppoxe Hieti, Regu, and Si. Bega. Ot Dee, to be one and the umc penon. — ViJ. infra, 3i>t Ociobci. note

Ug. W. I and 3 ; Choi.

Hill. Bcd>, Iv.. c.*].

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

At Hackness, in Yorkshire, the pious memory of the koly Ttligious. BEGU, Virgin.

Begru, Virgin, Begu was a professed religious of the Monas- Unce^io. *^0' of" Hackncss, a cell founded by St. Hilda, No D«y. and dependent on the great Abbey of Whitby. She had lived faithful to her holy vocation for upwards of thirty years, when, as she lay one night in the dormitory of the sisters, she was favoured with a heavenly vision, by which it was made known to her, that their great mother St. Hilda was at that moment borne by Angels to the realms of ever- lasting light.

Begu ii supposed by *oine to be the eacne with St. Bega and with Hteu. — Vid. nDlc, 3i6t October.

Z^. Clial.

Hitt. Bcda, Ev., i^.

THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY.

Ih ancient Welsh Calendars, the ordination of St. Pater- NUS, Bishop and Confessor, -whose principal festival is on the t6ik of AprU.^Jn the Abbey Church of St Andrew, at Hex- kam, the deposition of the holy King AlFWOI.D of Norlhutnbria. —At Kingston-on-Thames, the passion of the Venerable Wil- liam Way, Martyr and Missionary Priest, who fuffered for the Faith under Queen Elisabitiu

45«

MENOLOGV.

[SEP. 34.

AJfwold, On the expulsion of Ethelred.son of Klhelbald

^'J^' Molt, from the kingdom of Northumbria, Alf- 7^' W0L1>, the son of Osulf, of the ancient royal line of Bcrnicia, succeeded to the throne. He is described as s just, pious, and most glorious prince, and reigned ten years, at the end of which time he was barbarously murdered, in a conspiracy promoted by Siga, one of his nobles. The place of his death was Cithlcccster, near the Roman Wall ; but his venerated remains were borne with great solemnity, and buried in the Abbey of Hexham. The sanctity of this good King was attested by many miracles ivhich took place at his shrine ; and at the spot where he fell a heavenly light was seen to shine by many persons and on frequent occasions, which led the devout people to build a church there, and dedicate it to St Cuthbert and St Oswald the MartjT.

V, WilHam The Venerable WlLLIAM WAY, sometimes ^/iD^' called Ft-OWER, a native of Cornwall.and priest of 15B8. the English College at Rheims, was sent on the Mission in 1586. He was a man of great austerity of life, and had a singular longing for the grace of martyrdom. Speaking of his hopes, he would say : " Oh ! I shall never come to it". He was apprehended and condemned for high treason, on the charge of being made priest abroad and coming to England, contrar>' to the statute. The sentence was carried out in all its rigour at Kingston-on-Thames.

St. Pat«mu«. Call. SI. 68. Marli. G. Q.

Altwold. Lrg. W. 1 and J ^ Ch»!.

niit. Malnicib, Reg,

Richird of Hviham [Twytd. Col..

, »»«)•

Simeon Dunclm. (Twyid. Col., u, 108. no).

Vm. W. Way. Hiil. Challoner'c Miu. Prieat. vol.

L; Duuay Dlarlo. Stowt (who calls him FIo*'ct). Fi. MottiJi'i Troubki. J'lJ MiicK, p.

.\rc)iiv. Wcftnon., ChMipn^, p. 8S4 • Cktaloguea.

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY. At York, tht martyrdom of the \>entrahle servants ef Gott,

William SpEXSER,i'/«j/,<?w*/ Robert HARnE-srv, /*»>■»/«».

SBP. 36.]

MENOLOGY.

457

V. wiiUwii Wiu.iAM SPKNsiiR \vas a native of Yarkshira,

v^Robert ' ''^"*' " »tud«tit and priest of the College at Rl-icim&

H«rterty.M.,He was sent to England in 1584 ; but we have no

158& particulars of his mission or the circumst.inccs of

his apprehension. He -was condemned on the

Uftnl' chaise of the pncsthootl and the exercise of its duties.

HeiWeived his sentence and endured the execution of it with

most undaunted courage

The Venerable Roijert Hauijestv, who suffered at the 5ame time, was a layman of great probity and piety, and was punished with death solely for harbouring and relieving his fellow-Martyr, knowing him to he a priest.

Hitf. Douny Diaries; Challoner'fl Archiv, \VMtinon..lv., p.66: Champ- MitL Piicit*, sYjl. i. rc)'. p. &76.

THE TWENTY-FIFTH DAY.

/« Wales, t/u festival of St. MewrOC.— W/ Langres, in France, the lUpositioti of St. CeolFRID, Confessor. Ahbfft of iVearmoul/i am/ farrow,

St. Ceolfrid. St. Ckolkrid, well known as the Master of ***A.Dr^" '1"^ Venerable St. Bcdc and Abbot of Wcannouth 716. and Jarrow, was born of noble parents, and from his early years devoted himself to the study of virtue. .At the age of eighteen he entered the Monastery of Gilling. of which his kinsman Tunbert, afterwards Bishop of Hexham, was then Abbot On tlic invitation of St. Wilfrid, they boUi removed to the ncwly-foundcd Abbey of Ripon. Having given proof of his religious proficiency, Ceolfrid was ordained priest at the age of twent)' -seven, and tlicn resolved to visit Kent, in order to gain a more perfect knowledge of the highest discipline of the monastic life On his way he visited St Botulph, and was so captivated with what he witnessed at his lioly retreat, that he remained with him, sharing in all the most laborious employments of those servants of God. While there he received a pressing call from St Benet Biscop to join him in his new foundation at Wcarmouth ; and instead of

458

MENOLOGY.

[SEP. 35.

going to Canterbury, he retraced his steps to Northumbria. When St. Beiiet went to France in the interests of his com- munity, he left Ccolfrid in the office of Prior ; but this post of authority til suited his lo\-c of quiet and prayer, and when some of the monks complained of his rigorous discipline, he took the opportunity of withdrawing to his former monastery. St. Beiiet, however, persuaded hiin to return, and took him as his companion on his next journey to Rome. When the Abbey of St. Paul at Jarrow was founded, Ceolfrid was appointed to govern it, as was St. Estenrine to that of Wear- mouth, both houses remaining under the superior authority of Benct. While St. Benedict was absent on his fifth visit to Rome, a fearful pestilence carried off St. listerwinc and a great part of his community at Wearmouth. and at Jarrow spared only Sl Ceolfrid and one little boy, who was educated at the monaster)'. At first he thought it impossible to con- tinue the whole of the Divine Office, and resolved to omit all but the plain recitation of Matins and Vespers ; but unable to bear this abridgment of the public worship of God, within a week he i^avc up the plan, and again began the entire Office, which he persevered in singing with his young companion, until God sent him new subjects to fill his cmptj' house. Shortly before his death, St. Benet appointed Ceolfrid to succeed him in the government of both houses, an office which he filled for cight-and-twcnty years. Much is related of the sanctity of his life and his zeal for religious observance. He also completed the building of the two monasteries, and added to the library. He caused three copies of the entire Scrip- tures, according to St- Jerome's version, to be made ; and, lastly, obtained a privilege of exemption from Pope Scrgius, confirming that already granted to St. Bcnet. At length, desirous of being set free from the cares of gm-ernment. lie resolved to end his days in Rome. Having obtained a most reluctant consent from his brethren, he bade ihem a most tender farcivcll, and proceeded on his way. accompanied by a large number of monks and others. His strength, however. was unequal to the fatigue, and when he reached Langrcs, it was plain that he could proceed no farther. Here God called

SBP. as.]

MENOLOGY.

459

htm to his longed-for rest, and he was buried at the Church of the Three Martyred llrothers, at a short distance from the city. Many miracles attested his sanctit)-. In after years his relics were brought to England, and laid with those of his saintly predecessors, and in the time of the Danish invasion were translated, it is said, to Malmesbury.

Huethbercht, the successor of St Ceolfrid in the government of the two abbeys, was also a man of eminent sanctity. He was the disciple of St. Sigfrid, and received the Abbatial Benediction from St. Acca. His election gave the greatest consolation to St. Ceolfrid before his departure from England. The >xar and day of the holy Abbot's death arc not found on record.

of tlic lli[t« copies of th« Hoi)' Sciiptuies mentioned above, St. Ceolfrid gkve one to each of hiH aHbc>-3>. and reiterveil the third u a pincnt Toi the Pope, having iTuCTibod in i( lU heuBmctcr lines, which nuty be seen iti the A'H'int Livti of the Abi</tt, edited by thcRcv. Fr. Stcventwn, 3.J-, from the Hatleian MSS. in (he nnu»cuni (»cc Ofera Beda Mintifa, Appendix No. xi., pi. 318. HftiL, N0.JOI0). When the Saint leA England, with the inlaniivn of ending his iiy%in Rome, he carried with him ihc precious MS.; but dyint; on tiis

way at LanKres, he ltH hii disciples ehiUged m-llh the duty of (ulfilling his

de*ifc. This they did, by picsenlint; the MS. 10 Iht: Fontill, whg »m <hcn St. Gregory 11. So recently ai the year 1883. a ma*t inteccsling diBeover>- hm been made iy the Cavaliere J. D. de Roui, whotc reiieaichct h^ivi: found that ihc wcU-knownCciifcjr jtmiiiCifiut in ihcMcdiceo-Laurentiati Library or Florence ik in fact the vtry copy of Si. Ceolfrid. Tiiehcndorf and other ciitica, rpiiiled by 1 nune occurtinfc on one of ihc leaven, tud dated the Cvdtji some i jo yc4r» CArliet ; bul de Roiuii. apparently unaMAiE of the Rev. Fr. Stevenson's publica- tion, »nd of the ptcscrvalion of the idcniicat verse* in the Livfi 0/ Iht AthoU. discovered that *ix tines on the back of the fan folio ncre ihe Ibrin of a dona- tion ftom Ccoldid 10 the Pope. The name and cotinity of the donor had been changed, OS the voUinc hitd parted into other hAnd». but the ctMorcM and cor- lection* were to obvioii* us to make it easy 10 reMore the orijitnal wordn.

St. Meurog. L*g. Tlnm., Ibl. i^\h-, Capt;r., fbl. 49

CoL gi. (butni): Nov. Leg.,fol.6oa; Whitt

Sl Ccol&id. Add.; W. I and 1; Chal.

CcU. tz. fiU. Hilt. Bedii.Vil. Abb.; .Anon.. Vit. Abb.

U^lt. H, M, Q. (Stevenwi).

Malmcab. Reg., i., | j^. Simeon Dun elm.. Reg. (Twysdcn Ccl.. 95)-

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY. At Ruthin, *■« Denhighshin, t/te/esth-aio/Sx. MeugaN. Cat.91.

4*50

MENOLOGY.

[SEP. 27, aa

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH DAY. /it Barry Island, on the coast of Glamarganshin, iht festival of %1. BarRUC, ollterwist called 'hh^VX>ti or )&\V.V'0CX\.

St. Bamic. This holy solitary chose for his abode the little ^q'" island which derives its present name from him. 700 c. There he served God in a blessed retreat rrom

this world, and. perse\-cring to the end in his holy course, died

and was buried in the same place.

Qal. SI. Ug- W. t uid 2: Ctial.

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

In same plaus, the feslival of St. G 1LDA.S, generally observed on the 2^ih of fanuary. — At tiie Abbey of Fulda, the deposition of St. Lioba, Virgin and Abbess. — Af Wimborne, in Dorset, lite holy metnory of ST. Tetta, Virgin and Abbess, the Spiritual Mothtr of St. Lioba and St. Thtcla.

St. Liobm St. Lioba, otherwise called Liobgvtha and ^'ajd^' Truthgeka, was a kinswoman of the Martyr St. 773 or 779 c. Boniface, and the offspring of parents, who had remained childless till the approach of old age. In gratitude for this gift of God, they comitiitled their child in her early infancy to the care of Tetla. the holy Abbess of Wimbomc. Frcmi the first .she began to give proof that a special benedic- tion rested on her head. Such wa.s her humility, her patience, her purity, and her winning innocence, that she gained the hearts of all, and was an example even to her elders. Prayer and reading were her delight, and so apt a scholar was she. that she soon became familiar ^vith the Holy Scriptures, and many writings of the Fathers and ordinances of the Church. Through a remarkable dream, interpreted by a pious religious of the house, it was made known to her, that God destined her for some great work in His service ; and the revelation was accomplished, when St Boniface wrote to the Abbess to request that Lioba might be sent to him in Germany, to take the

SBP. aa]

MENOLOGV.

direction of the monastery for women, which he was founding at B!»chofr»hcim. Greatly grieved were Telta and her daugli- ters to lose one whom they loved so tenderly ; but recognising the call of God in the demand of the holy prelate, they con- sented to the sacrifice, and with blessings and prayers bade Lioba good speed In her undertaking.

At Bi*chofisheim it was soon seen how God intended to hiess her work. She had all the gifts of nature requisite to gain the hearts of her new community — an angelic aspect, sweet and affectionate manners, and a highly cultivated mind; and to these were added the more precious favour-s of divine grace, unmi-stakable to all who enjoyed her Intercourse. Many graces were granted to individuals and to the com- munity in answer to her prayers, and a remarkable ^ft of prophecy was noticed in her sayings.

Strict as she was in enforcing the observance of St Bene- dict's rule, still she was compassionate with the infirmities of all, and watched them with the eye of a tender mother Thus, .she obliged tbem to take a little rest after their midday meal, lest the lonR office of the Charch and fatiguing occupations of the morning should be more than their strength could bear. So loving an abbess was gladly obeyed : her word and example were a law, to which all paid a cheerful submis- sion, and the Monastery of BischofTshcim became a scltool of religious perfection, from which other communities sought to obtain superiors for themselves. St. Boniface showed his regard for Lioba, by commending her to the special care of St. Lull his successor, when he retired from his diocese, and the like esteem was manifested by other prelates and princes. On oik occasion the Queen Ilildcgardis sent for her to Court, that she might, for a short time, have the consola- tion of conferring with her on spiritual matters. Towards the close of her life Lioba, with the sanction of St. Lull, withdrew to the retired Monastery of Schoncrshcim. near Maycncc, where she enjoyed the privilege, granted to no other woman, of visiting the tomb of St. Boniface within the Abbey of Fulda. When the day of her reward arrived, she devoutly received the Holy Sacraments from the English priest, who

469

MENOLOGY.

[8fiP. 30.

was her chaplain, and with the devotion of a Saint gave up her soul to God. Her precious remains were buried by the side of St. Boniface at Fulda. The day of her deposition has been recorded, but the year is Tincenain, some placing it in 772 and others in 771.

St Tetta. St. Tetta, Virgin and Abbess, was the spiritual Ho D«y. mother of St. Lioba and St. Thccla.and the friend and correspondent of St Boniface. This holy virgin governed the double Monastciy of Wimbomc, in .$uch perfection, that both communities were renowned for their sanctity of life. She was so rigorous in enforcing the enclosure in the women's monaster}-, that not e\'en prelates were allowed to enter ; but while she insi.itcd on the observance of discipline, .she was most careful to promote a spirit of true charily among her daughters, who at one time numbered 500, and to encourage study as wet) as piety. Even during her lifetime many mirAclcs were attributed to her intercession by her devoted children. The day of her death does not seem to be knou-n ; but in some calendars her memory is kept on the lath August, and in others on the 17th Dcccrobcr.

St. Oitdu. CaLta.

U. Lioba.

Ltg. W. 1 and J i CliaL Hilt. Mabill.. Acta SS. Ben«d., WC iii.,paTt 1, p. i9r.

THE TWENTY-NINTH DAY.

At Hampole, utar DffHcasUr, Ihe depoiition of the hofy soiitary, RiCHAKD ROLLi:, grtatly ztftcraftJ for the sanetitj ef his life and for his spiritual writings. — llirougheul England, the (ommemoration of the Restoration of the Eedestastimt Nieranky by Pope Pius IX., in the year of our Lord i8$o.

Rkhftrf, Richard Roixe was bom at Thornton, near

^'l^'" Pickering, and at an early age put to study by \y!)' his parents. A little later he enjoyed the patron- age of Thomas Ncvile, Archdeacon of Durham, who sent him

SBP. 3d.]

MENOLOGY.

463

to the University of Oxford. There he made great progress in the learning of the schools, and especially in theology and the Holy Scriptures. At the age of nineteen he began to reflect on the uncertainty of life and the dangers to which youth is exposed, and choosing the better part, resolved to quit the world and lead a life of solitude. On his return home he soon put his plan in execution, and having patched up, from some garments begged from his sister, a habit more or less resembling that commonly worn by hermits, he fled from his family, trusting that God would lead him whither he should go. On the eve of the Assumption he arrived at a village churcli, which he entered to make his prayer; and while he was absorbed in devotion the lady of the manor, the wife of John Dalton. with some of her children and servants, came to assist at the first vespers of the great festival of the morrow. All were struck with the evident fervour of his devotion, and the lady's sons, who had known Richard at Oxford, told her that he was the son of William Rolle, a man much esteemed by their father. The iie»t day at the solemn Mass, the young hermit appeared in choir with the clci^y, and »vhcn the Gospel had been sung, having asked the bless- ing of the priest, went to the pulpit and preached a sermon of wonderful efficacy, touching the hearts of his hearers, in a way they had never experienced before. The good John Dalton obliged the youth to go home and dine with his family, and after the repast had a conversation with him, which satisfied him, that he was really called to the kind of life he intended to choose. He therefore persuaded him to occupy a hut in a remote part of his estate, and r^arded it as a blessed work to provide him with all he required for his 5U.<itenatice. Richard now began to devote him»elf with all the ardour of his soul to the great work he had in view, the acquisition of this perfect love of God in the exercises of a contemplative lifie. He spared himself no labour, practised the most rigor- ous austerities, persevered in prayer, and waited patiently till God should grant him his hcart'^s desire, which in due time was abundantly fulfilled. Richard became a great contem- plative, and wrote various treatises on the most sublime spiri-

464

MENOLOGY.

[SBP. 30.

tual subjects, and m.-iny whfch are still preserved in manu- script. Meanwhile he sen,ed his neighbour also, and many persons flocked to his cell, for instruction and consolation in their troubles. Nor were they disappointed, as he never failed to address them in the manner best suited to their needs.

On one occasion the lady bcrorc-mentioned, with some of her friends, went to visit his hermitage, and having found him busily engaged in writing, beggcil him to cease for a while and converse with them on heavenly things. The Saint, how- ever, without laying down his pen or discontinuing his writing, addressed them in a long discourse on a subject quite difTcrent from that ho was writing about, a thing which his hearers justly considered in itself a prodigy. Richard repaid the benefits he had received from the family of Dalton by tht- assistance he rendered to this good lady on her deathbed. God permitted that at that time she should be grievously tormented by evil spirits, who hovered around her todrivc her to despair ; nor could Uiey be driven away with holy water Of the other usual means.

Richard was then called in, and on his prayer the evil crowd at once dispersed. He was himself at times liable to the same assaults, and his refuge was in the name of JEStJS. for which he had a special devotion. On one occasion oT capcdal danger he had cried; "O Jesus, how precious is Thy Blood t " and, making the sign of the cross, found him- self free from the temptation. Whether it was to escape the applause of men. which his fame and his miracles excited, or for some other reason, Richard changed hi.s abode, and in his latter years lived at Hampolc, iKar the Cistercian Kunnery, whctc at Icngtii he piously gave up his soul to God and entered on his everlasting rest.

Thit accouRi is taken beta tta« Offici of the Satni, pubtithed )n tkt appendix to the YerkBnviary, Surun SerUa, vol. Uxv. A n«uit«m UpicftwJ, 10 the cITcct that ihc OlKcc csnnoi be uaed in public till the canonitaiion of the Siint. but may wivc for piivalc devotion. The MSS. of Ki<ihai<l uf Hkin- pglc aic piiacipally U Liiicoln. KU £nglibli wotkthavc been c<tlte«l by Gt«tgc Pert}-.

SEP. 20.]

MEXOLOGY.

465

HIemrclnr The ancient Hierarchy established in England ^IX ^V I'ope Gregory the Great in the year 597, after 1850. gloriously ruling the flock of Christ for almost n thousand years, came to an end on the 3rd April. 1585, by ihc death of Thomas Goldwcll, Bishop of St Asaph, who, after fulfilling for some time the duties of Vicegerent of the I'opc's Vicar in Kome, was on that day called to tlie reward of his labours and sufferings. On the 27th September of the previous year, Thomas Watson, Bishop of Lincoln, the last bishop left in England, had finished his exile in the prison of Wisbeach Castle.

During some forty years the Catholics of England were altogether deprived of pastor.s of ih&ir own, though certainty not excluded from the fold of the Universal Shepherd, who, in the name of his Master, governs the entire flock of Christ. As long as Cardinal Allen survived, the ordering of the Mis-sion and the granting of Faculties were regulated by him, to the satisfac- tion of all. But when he was taken to hi.<> rcat, the clergy and many infiiiential laymen became sensible of the need of some direct and present authority to guide them, and of a bishop to administer confirmation and exercise the other function;' reserved to the episcopal order.

Hereupon began the long scrici of petitions, renewed at frequent intervals for a hundred years, that the boon so earnestly desired might be granted them. The Holy Sec. however, from fear of aggravating the cruel persecutions and other prudential motives, persevered in refusing, or at least delaying, its gracious compiiancCL The government of the Church was provided for at first by 'the appointment of a prelate whh the title of Archpricst, and then by a Titular Kishop, with the Faculties, though not the name, of a Vicar Apostolic. The second of these Bishops was constrained, ly the renewal of the persecution in the lime of Charles 1., to take refuge in France, and there he remained absent from his chaise, till his death about thirty years later. .After this event the position of our desolate Church became still more precarious and uncertain, the only authorised jurisdiction

30

466

fOLOGY.

being confided to the Apostolic Nuncios at the Courtsof Paris and Brussels.

The fair prospects for religion which opened when James II. succeeded to the crown were of short duration, but still long enough to allow the Pojic to make a more satisfactory ' arrangement for the spiritual government of the English ^ Catholics. In that brief reign, first one and then four Vicars Apostolic were appointed with the episcopal character, and ample Faculties, as delegates of the Holy See. In this state tilings continued throughout the depression of the eighteenth century and first half of the nineteenth. In the year 1840 Gregory XVI. doubled the number, of his Vicars, a great benefit, but only a preparation for better things still to come; It was reserved for the great Pontiff Pius IX., of glorious mcmorj', to restore to our country the full privileges of ordinary- government of the Church, such as it had been originally established by his predecessor St Gregory the Great. This was done by the publication of the AiKjstolic Letters, (ftiivcnalis Ecdejta, on this day, the festival of St Michael the .Archangel, in the year of our I.ord 1850. The ancient hmitation of the dioceses was changed, to meet the altered circumstances ; the old titles abrogated, and new ones choaen. for the moat part in the large towns, where the greatest Catholic population was to be found. The new Hierarchy consisted of an .Archbishop, taking his title from Westminster, and twelve suffragan Bishops, also with territorial titles and jurisdiction, a number which already it has been thought ex- pedient to increase. This day will therefore be for ever memorable in the Calendar of the English Church, and a day of thanksgiving for the innumerable blessings which the good Providence of God has bestowed upon us, through this happy restoration.

RkhuJ of Hompole. Ltg. W, tandai ChaL

HiETcrchjr, Hiti. Op, of Dinniagliun, NanatWe, Ac

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

lnV^aies,tk€ fisthtil 0/ St. Mlt>AN.—Wf Canterbury, t/u lifpositiott ff/St. HoaoMVS, Arc/iAif/tofi aNiJ Ceu/esitir.

SEP. ao.]

MENOLOGY.

467

St. Honoriua. St, HONORifS. fifth ArchbishopofCaiUcrbury, ad' *'** °"® °^ ^^^ ^'^^^ companions of St. Augustine, 653- but was the la.*it of the original Rom»n Missiuncrs to succeed to the government of the linglish Church. He was chosen after the death of St. Justus, and received letters from Pope Honorius confirming his appointincnt and grunting ihc pallium. In the same letters the Pope provided that in consideration of the difficulties of the journey to Kome, the Archbishops of Canterbury and York sliould have the privilege of consecrating and giving institution to whoever might be duly elected to the other vacant Metropolitan See ; and accordingly Honorius went northwards to meet St. Paulinus, the Archbishop of York. He found him at Lincoln, and there received episcopal consecration at his hands. Among the good deeds of Honorius, it is recorded that he sent St. Felix. on his mission to Fast Anglia ; that when St. Paulinus and St. Elhelburga were driven from Northumbria he gladly received then) in Kent, and entrusted the vacant Sec of Roc])ester to the former. It was he also who afterwards appointed St. Ithamar to the same bishopric, and he was one of the early protectors of St. Wilfrid, whom he entertained witli fatherly charity when, as a youth, he was going on his first pilgrimage to Ryme, St- Honorius is spoken of as a most holy man and well versed in all ccclesia-stical sciences. He ruled his church nearly twenty-five years, and was buried with his saintly predecessors.

St. Midui. CtU, gi.

St. Konotlus. Cult. a&, ^i.fi^. UarU. Roni.. H. I. P.Q. R. Ltg. Tinm.. tcl. 244a ; CapKi-, &•!■

147* i Nov, Ltg; M- '*i* !

Whiit Aild. : W. I and J ; Ch»l Hirt. fieda. u., c. 16, &c 1 lii., c to.

OCTOBER.

THK FIRST DAY.

j4/ Amesburj- in WilfsfnW, the festival of St. Melorius, Martyr, — ^/Canterbury, the passion offourvemrable serranfs of God and Martyrs, Ro.iiEKT Wilcox, Edward Cammon. tfWCiiRisToi'HUK Buxton, Prusts, and Robkut Widmek-

POOL, Layman, tifhv suffered on the same day, iu ike caust of our holy reHgtov. under Queen E!i::abelh. — Abo. on tlu samt day. at Chichester, the martyrdom of f/u VenerabU R.Atr'11 Ckokett and (he VeuerabU EdwarU JauES, Pritsts, v>hff\ ivere pronouneed traitors, fy reason of (heir priestly (haracier.

St Mcloriiu, MelorivIi, whose name is also written MeLI- ^' ORUS, was venerated with great devotion in the 411 ci Abbey Church of Amesbury. It appears that he was an early Martyr, and of ilie ancient British race, but we have no authentic record of his Acts. It is said that he was the son of a prince of Cornwall and one of the firat converts to the Christian Faith, on which account he was put to a cruel death by his fatlicr; that he was buried in Cornwall, and aflcnvards translated to Amesbury.

WilliaRi of Malmc«buty vUiicd h\% shiine, bvl uys ho c^uld lc4tB noUlIn oerXxXa sa to his tAce ot wtnclily. tn Uilltany Ihac was a Saint axtA Martyr, Mslcuc. also called Mtiolre, and In L^tin Mcloiu*. A« Gtcai Briuin Ik often canfuacil trilb Brlltaiiy, and Cornwall Hiih CornouAillcft. It it cancclvxbic that he may Uc the same with the Mait>-( o( Amesbury {Vid. Lol>iiicau, SniHti de BrtUtguf, i., p. At.),

lA

MENOLOGY.

469

V, Robert The Venerable ROBERT WiLCOX was born at ^''"^^^j- Chester, and became a student and priest of the CjuDpion. M, ; College at Rhcims, whence he was sent to ptwrB^tort, Kngland in 1586. It seems that his mission lay

w D V . >" Kent, and that there he fell into the hands of

V. Robert , . ,, ,

Widmcrpool. tlic persecutor. All tliat is known is that he was

AD itpprehended and condemned to death on the

1^ usual charge of his priesthood, and executed at

Canterbuf>' in company with three others, partakers in his

victory.

The Venerable Edward Campion was the son of a gentleman of Kent. He studied and was ordained at Rheims, and came on the English Mission in 15S7. The accusation brought against him. and the sentence pronounced, >vere precisely the same as those of Wilcox, and both suffered with equal courage and chccrruincss.

The Venerable Christopher Buxton was a native of Derbyshire, and had been a pnpil of the Martyr Gariick's while he kept a school at Tidcswcll. With the view of taking Holy Orders,Jie went over to the College at Rheims and studied there for some time; but it appears that he afterwards went to Rome, and was there made priest. His conviction re- sembled that of Wilcox and Campion, and he was executed with them. He was the third to suffer, and had to witness the horrible cruelties inflicted on his companion*). At the last moment his persecutors, hoping that his constancy might be shaken by the spectacle, ofTcrcd him his life if he would conform to their religion. To this proposal he only answered that "he would not purchase corruptible life at such a rate, and that if he had a hundred lives he would willing lay them all down in defence of his faith".

With these three priests suffered a lay gentleman, the Venerable Rohkkt WinMERi'OOL of Widmcrpool, in Notting- hamshire, who had for some time been tutor to the sons of I lcnr>- I'icrcy, Earl of Northumberland. The cause for which he was condemned was the hospitality he showed towards priesta, and particularly his having introduced a priest into the house of the Countess of Northumberland. At the place of

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. I.

execution he devoutly kissed the ladder and the rope, as the inatminents of his martyrdom. When the cord was round his neck, he began to speak to the people, giving G<jd most hearty thanks " for bringing him to so great a glory as that of dying for his faith and truth in the same place where the glorious Martyr, Si. Thomas of Canterbury, had shed hts blood for the honour of Hi« divine Majesty ". At these words some of the bystanders railed a great clamour and called him traitor. Nothing moved at this disturbance, he calmly looked round and commended himself to the prayers of all Catholics, and thus consummated hts sacrifice.

V. Ralph The Venerable Rali-h Crokett was a native ^v'^E^ aM °^ Cheshire, and became a student and priest of Junes. M., the College of Rhcims, and wast sent on the Mis-

jag^ liion in 15S5. No particulars have reached us i>f

his lubour:^ in Enj^land, nor of his apprehension

and trial. All that we know 15 that he was condemned for

litgh treason, barely on account of hLi priestly office, and

executed at Chichester.

The Venerable EDWARD jAMES, who suffered at the Munc time and place with the Martyr Crokett. was born at Braiston, in Derby.shirc, and studied first at Rhcims and afterwards at Rome, where he was made priest. It would seem that he was apprehended very soon after his arrival in England, and con- demned simply by reason of his character and office.

The quarters of these holy Martyrs were set on poles over the gates of Chichester. One of these portions accidentally fell, and being seen by a Catholic cariy in the morning, was by him re\xrcntly carried away, and finally sent to the College at Douay.

Si. Melorius.

Cal. t.

Hart. Q.

Ltg. Tintn,. fot. 245; Capgr.. Ibl. iQin : Nov. Leg., M- 21901 Whtif. 89i[. : W. 1 uid 1 -. L'baJ.

nut. MnJmob. Pont., it., f £7.

Hill. Couity Diarica : Challonci'*

Mi>]i. PricMs, vol. L Arehiv. Wortmon., Chatnpncy, pp.

853-4. Aretiiv. Weiclinan.. Cataloeue*.

oc?r. 2]

Ml

-OGY.

4fl

THE SECOND DAY.

/!/ Montefiascone, in Tuscany, tJie /eslivai of St. ThOMAS, Bishop of Hereford and Confessor, who died ai thai l&vm on the zsth August, A.D. izSj,

SL Thomas, Bp.. Coof..

A.D.

13S7.

St. Thomas was the son of that great nobie- man William of Cantiliipe, one of the most strenuous supporters of King Henry III. in the rebellion which troubled hus rcign. Thoma.i gave early signs of piety, and was committed to the care of his uncle Walter, the pious Bishop of Worcester. Jlis life w-i-s pure and inno- cent ; he showed an aversion for worldly amusement, and a love of study and devout practices. His education was acquired partly at Oxford and partly at Paris, and on his return to the former place he was chasen Chancellor of the University. The King, however, withdrew him from his peaceful studies and made him Chancellor of the kingdom, an ofBce which he exercised with great prudence and justice, and without a suspicion of corruption.

Once more at Oxford, he studied, and then publicly taught, thcologj- in the schools, at which time Robert Kilwardby, the Dominican, just made Archbishop of Canterbury-, and after- wards Cardinal.who had known him from childhood, contracted a friendship with him. which led him to form the highest opinion of his abilities, as well a.s of his holiness, which he knew before, as his spiritual director. Thomas was gifted with extraordinary dc%'otion, evidenced by the abundant team he ^h^,•d, parlicularly in the celebratinn of the Holy Sacrifice, the reward of his rigorous abstinence, penitential exercises, vigils, and continual prayer. Nevertheless in his outward demeanour he always avoided singularity, as well in dress as in other respects.

On the vacanc)' of the Sec of Hereford he was elected Bishop by the Chapter, and received con*eeration from hi* friend Archbishop Kilwardby at Canterbury. As might be expected, he proved himself a most vigilant pastor. Though a lover of peace and a forgivcr of injuries, he resolutely

472

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. 2.

maintained the rig;ht.'$ of his Church against the powerful, and even excommunicated Llewellyn, Prince of Wales, for unjuatlj* occupying some lands of his Church, which he regarded as the patrimony of the poor.

The poor, in Irulh, were the especial objects of his care, and on thcin, as well as tlie sick and afflicted in general, he lavished every attention. Asa Bishop he was remarkable for his devotion to the Holy See, and would not allow anyone in his presence to complain even of the agents of the Hope, without reproof.

During his episcopate an unfortunate dissension arose between Archbishop Pcckham and several Bishops of the province, of whom St. Thomas was one, respecting the limits of the metropolitan juri.*dtction. The Saint found himself obliged to appeal, and for this pui-posc went in person to Pope Martin IV., who was then at Oa-icto. He was rccei\-cd with great consideration, and his cause pronounced to be just On his way home. St. Thomas had only reached Monte Fiascotie, but a few miles froin Orvieto, when he wa-s seized with a malady, to which he had been liable all his life, and ivhich soon brought him to the grave. Though suffering the most cruel pains, his constancy nex-er failed. His last words were, " Into Thy hand^, O Lord, I commend my spirit," thrice repeated, after which he gave up his soul to God. The bones of the Saint were taken to England and buried in his cathedral ; but the flesh, having separated from them, was deposited in the Abbey Church of St Scverus at Orvieto. The miracles of St Thomas were so numerous that the narrative of them filled whole volumes. Shortly afterwards, the relics were translated, on the 14th September, to a more honourable place in the same church. The process for his canonization was ordered by Clement V., and most copious cndence taken in Kngland, from those who had been intimate with him ; but the whole was not completed till the time of John XXn.. who published his Bull to that effect, and appointed the 2nil October as the day of his annual festival.

In England it is now observed on the following day, the 3rd of October.

OCT. 3.]

MENOLOGY.

473

Call. 1. 1, J, 10, tjn, b, I4, gi. lot.

Uurb. Rotn.. K. L, Q.

Ltj. Tiiim. , fol, a47ri; Capgt. , fol.

I3U: N«v. Lef.. fol. iSi£; Whitf.

Sai.i W. I and 3 1 Chal.

Hill. Boll, (ittvol. ofOci.). P-SIQ-

THK THIRD DAY.

At Cologne aird rhe^i-Jicre. the commcnwration of the two Brothers Hewald, Martyrs and Priests, 'who died at tkt Jtands of the pagans, to ivhoin thty came to preach the Gospel of Christ.

Tiie Brothers Thcsc two brotticrs were priests and English* M^„ ' '"<^" by tiirth, though they had lived long in A.D. Ireland as voluntary' exiles, in order to their spiritual profiL They were known as the HIack and White Hcwald, from the difTcrcnce m their hair, but no other names arc given to then). They were both di-stinguished forthcir piety, but the elder is *aid to have been more learned in the Sacred Writings. These holy priests were attracted by the example of St Wlllibrord and his companions, and, urged by a like zeal for souls, set off to preach the Gospel to the Old Saxons on the Continent They took up their station at some place in Westphalia, and were kindly received in the house of a faraier, and immediately sent a message to ask for an audience of the lord of the district While they were expecting an answer, they wci-c constant in their prayers and psalmody, and daily offered the Holy Sacrifice on the portable altar, which they had brought with them. This led the inhabitants of the place to suspect that they had come to teach a new religion, and, fearing lest they should be favour- ably received by their nilcr, they at once fell upon them and put them to death, The White Hewald was killed with the blow of a sword, but the other brother was reser^'cd for many torments. The bodies of the Martyrs were then thrown into the Rhine. The murderers soon paid the penalty of their misdeed, as their lord was greatly displeased with their barbarous act, and ordered them all to be put to death.

474

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. 4:

Miraculous events showed how precious was the death of the

two brothers in the sight of God. One of them appeared in a

vision to an Hnglish monk of the name of Tilmiin, strttlud in

the neighbouring countrj*, and told him to seek their bodies

where a light from heaven should point out the spot. This he

accordingly did, and buiied the sacred remains with great

reverence. Shortly- afterward-i the great Pepin ordered them

to be translated to the city of Cologne, when they were placed

in the Church of St. Cunibcrht

Cult. 11,47.68. Lfg. Tinm., fal. X17&: Capgi., fc).

.Vnrfa. Roin..A.C.D,O.K.L,P.B. 144": Nov. Uj., fol. i78t;WWir.

&Lt. i W. 1 and 3 ; Chal. Hist. Beda, v., c. 10.

A.D. 1SS8.

THE FOURTH DAY.

At I^inch,tfu numery 0/ the ^sion of t}u Vfiurai/e JoilN RORINSON, Martyr and Pritsf, /nit to a erue! death for kis priisdy office, in thf pcrstcution ofEHsabttk.

V.John The Venerable John Rohenson wa.s bom at

pj°^"|^^ Fcmsby, in the North Riding of Yorkshire He bore the character of a man of extraordinary sincerity and Christian simplicity, and led a holy life in the world, being a married man and having' a son, who eventually became a priest. Mr. Robin.*t^n wa.«: already advanced in years when his wife died ; but nevertheless he resolved to embrace the ecclesiastical state, and went o%'er to Rheims. where he studied, was ordained, and then sent on (he M Lssion.

He was arrested immediately on his landing in England, and sent up to London, and after some months' imprisonment condemned to death for his priesthood. He was, however, left for some time in the Clink, until his fellow -captives being sent for execution to different parts of the country, he began to fear and lament lest he should be deprived of his longed-for reward. At length an order came that he should be sent to Ipswich and there put to death. So great ivas the joy of the holy man that he gave his purse and all

OCT. 6.]

MENOLOGY.

475

his money to the beanM- of the tidings, and kneeling down gave Goct thanks fcr the grace bestowed on him.

It was a saying of his, that " if be could not dispute for his faith a& well as some others, he could die for it as well n't the best". Thi.'! humble confidence in the strength which God gives to His servants was fully justified by his glorious martyrdom, which took place at Ipswich, with all the terrible circumstanc:es attached to the sentence of high treason. The holy Martyr suffered early in October, but the precise day is not known.

ItSil. DoiMy Diarim; Challoncr's Acchiv. WeMinon,, Iv., p. i; Chainjt- Missionary PricSt*. vol. i. ney, p. 834.

THE FIFTH DAY.

T/iis day is nunwmbUfor tfu fHtssion pf/e«r hotj Martyrs, ii'At> in that ytar of fiercest persecution, l$SS, in (iiffertut plates in England gladly saertfieed l/uir Hues in the cause of thtir Divine Master. Thtse were — J\t the Theatre, in London, tiu VcHcrable WlLl-lAM HartLEV, Priest; at Mile-end -Green, near London, the rVH.Td/ii^-JoiJNWELDON,or Hewitt, Priest; at Holloway, near Ltmdon, the Venerable RlCHAKD WIL- LIAMS, Priest; and at Clerkenwcll, the Venerable ROBERT Si;tton, Layman.

V- wiiUwn The Venerable Willtam Hartley' was a

"•'^'^'^^■' native of the diocese of Lichfield, and a student

1588. and priest of the College of Rheims, He was

[isent to England in 1580, but before he had laboured a

twelvemonth was arrestetl in the house of Lady Stonor, and

sent to the Tower. Here and in another prison he remained

till 1 585, when with many others he was banished and shipped

uoff for the Continent Hartley paid a visit to his College at

' Rheims, but before long his x^al for the cause of God forced

him back to his mis.sion. He was again apprehended and

brought to trial in 1 588, and condemned to die, on account of

his priestly character.

476

MENOLOGV.

[OCT. 5.

The Martyr was executed near the Theatre, his own mother looking on the while, and rejoicing that she had brought forth a son, to glorify God by such a death.

V John The Venerable JOHN Weldon, who suffered

WjeWon. ftf on this day at Milc-cnd Green, is supposed to A.D. be the same with John Hewitt, the latter being '^' his true name. Nevertheless several catalogues distinguish the two, and some place the martyrdom of Hewitt at York. John Hewitt first fell into the hands of the ad- versaries of the Faith when he was only in deacon's Orders, and was banished in 1585. Having returned to Rheims and completed his studies, he was ordained priest and sent on the Mission. Before long he was a-jain arrested and condemned to death, on the charge of his priesthood.

V. Richard The vcncraWc servant of God. Richard ^'"IJjJ; ""Williams, had been ordained priest before the 1388. accession of Klizabeth, and the consequent change of religion. The particulars of his historj' are not known, but it was for some matter connected with his faith that he was condemned and executed at Holloway, either on this tlay or about this time.

V. Robert It was purely for religion that this venerable

^^L^.**'' layman, RouERT Surrox, suffered, the charge 15M. against him being only that he had been recon> ciled to the Church of Rome. At the place of execution hi* life was offered him if he would acknowledge the Queen's ecclesiastical supremacy. .■Xn eyewitness has left it on record, that if he would have consented to say that she was supreme in ttU causes, the sherifT would have under- taken to procure a pardon. This his conscience would not allow him to do, and accordingly he suffered martyrdom.

Hilt. Doua}- Dituies ; Choltoncx'* Aichiv. Wc«tmon., (v., p. Ol ;

Mi**. Priewt, \xii. i. Chainpn«y. p. 855 : Cttolognn-

Stowe ; Kcu-gale Rcflun (fix Wei-

don).

I

OCT. 0. 7.]

MENOLOGV.

THE SIXTH DAY.

477

In tfu kingdom of Mercia, //w h(^y m/mory of St. CEOLLACH, Bishop and Conftssor.

St. C*ftllMh. St. Ceoi.I-\CH was appointed to .succeed St. _^*C^t l^'""i* as second Bishop of the Mercians and No D»y. Mid-Angles. Like his predecessor, he was an Irishman, and a monk of Sl Columba's Mon-istcry of lona. He administered his diocese but a short time, and then returned to his beloved retreat at lona. The latter period of his life was spent in Ireland, where he is honoured among the native Saints of the country.

Hht. Beda, iil,, ii,

THE SEVENTH DAV.

At St. 0&\^% foniurly calird Cliich, in Essfx, the passion

r'Sr. OsiTH, Virgin and Martyr. St. Oaith, St. Ositii was the daughter of Frithwald.

y 1^' undcr-king of Surrey, and his wife Wilburga, said 653 c" to be a daughter of King Penda, though hor name «ocs not occur elsewhere in history. She was brought up in the Monastery of Aylesbury, under the care of Iicr .sisters, or auntii Edith and Ethclburga, and had herself a firm resolution of embracing the religious state, if indeed she had not already taken a vow to that effect. Her parents however insisted on I, her accepting the hand of Sighcrc, King of Essex. ^K TIic marriage rite was accortlingly performed ; but her ^^kuband, on hearing of her purpose, piously allowed her ^Rb carry it out, and gave her the place called Chich, in I Essex, for the establishment of a monastery. It was^hcrc that this virgin queen, havi"- -^ccived the religious \^ 'tXx. from Hccca and Baldwin, the Bishopit of East Anglta, etitabli.thed herself and formed a community, which she governed till about the year 6s3, when some Danish pirates landed and plundered the convent, and, on the firm refusal of

4;8

STCNOLOGY.

[OCJT. a

Osith to abjure the Faith, stnicle off her head, and so added the crown of martyrdom to that of holy virginity. The sacred remains of the Saint were taken by her relatives to Aylcsbur)' for greater security, but were aftcnvards rcalored to St- Osith's, in consequence of a heavenly revelation. In the twelfth ccimiry, Richard, Bishop of London, established a house of Augustinian Canons at St. Osith's, whicli continued till the overthrow of the Catholic religion under Henry VIIl.

Thetc ace pave hiatori»l ililHcutiieK tcspcclinK ihc rvcnis of St. CHitb** life, as commanly T<latc<l. In the lirat place, il is tstli thai ihaucb the <lAnghtcr of Fcithwaltl, who lived in th< scvcrith ccnlur>-, she WU bfonfjlit af tty St. Modwenna and St Edith at PolcKwoith, who arc thought to have IWcd In the ninth ccniur^'. in tbc tcign of Ethclwulf, ot even later. Again, it i« ol^cted that in ihc BCvcntTi ccntuty we read of no inrauon of the D«nca. Thi« obicurity ha* ltd sonic wtiler* to eonjcTcturt ihit there were two Sainti of the Utme name— iht one, dnughtci of Ktiihwflid, honouinl ah a Virgin at Aytecbuiy. and the oihet. di§ciple of Si. Modwcnna, and Matiji in Emeu. This ii answctcd bj' !id}in); (hit vciy liiile ■» known of St. Modwefina, except that she wait an liiBhwomaii, who came over to Bnglmd ai an uiicciiain date, and (bunded moimtciict in Stn(T<trd».hiic and Wamickchite. and that hc( com- panion Dnith una probably a dilTcrcnt pcraon fiom our Saint. A% to llK Danes, althouj;!) they had as yet ailempied no teltleinenl in England, il is not imi>tobab1e thuc tlictc hnd been piiaticat atcaclu in difTcreni placei,, anil that the ti^«[ Colnc would biing their vuisels niiliin cai.j- reach of Sv OViili*!.

Cali. 3, to, 41, 43. J&, 37, 102.

Uirl$. K. L, M.Q. R.

Lfg. Tlnm., (oL 14811; Capgi.. fol.

20jb ; Nov. Lcs-. fol. 14511 : Whitt

Sar. : W, t and a ; Chal.

Hill. Abbtcv. R. dc Diccto (Twyad. Co!., 438); Boll,, vol. I. p. 936,

THE EIGHTH DAY.

At Wilton, near Sa/isSury, and ai Lindisfame, the fcsth'al of St. Ywv. Ccn/essor and Dcaecn. — At Ke>'nsham, in Somerset, and at 'xHsriotts placts in Wales, the ftstivat of ST. Kbvna, Virgin and Solitary. — At York, tht martyrdom of the Venerable RoBERT BlCKElUJIKE, Layman, n-Ao died for t/te Faith, under Elizabeth, — At Tyburn, tiu passion of three holy Priests and Martyrs, the 'vnerable sentints of God, JOHN Lowe, John Adams, and Richard Dhsdale, all of -whom

suffered c» the same day, at the hands of the fierseeu tars of thr Cathttlie religioH.

OCT. B]

MEN'OLOGY.

479

St Vwy, St. YWV belonged to a Britiati family, but

• "^ld" ^^'licther he was a native of Great Britain or of 700c. llrittany is uncertain. His early years were de- voted to pict>' and study, and when his parents, who were persons of position in the world, wished him to take up the profession of arms, to put an end to their ambitious views he. without their knowledge, received some of the inferior orders of the Church. WTien his father and mother were dead, he forsook all, and retired to l.indisfarnc to become the disciple of St. Cuthbcrt. In due time he was ordained deacon by that ijreat Saint, and, it is supposed, professed the monastic life. His sanctity, and the gift of miracles with which he was favoured, attracted ihc admiration of many, and the French account of his life says that in order to escape this he fled to Brittany, and there died a holy death. After a con- siderable length of time, his relics were translated, and found a rcating-placc in the Abbey of Wilton, where they were venerated with great devotion.

ThoK who brouKht iht relics of Si. Vw>' 10 Wilton tit callcJ by doacclin PUtornm CtirUi. Tlicy had intended to Ukt (ticni farthct ; but itioy were placed for the night in iho Chap«J of Su Rdlih, »nd when tlicj- wtsbvcl to pioceed it wasfbund impMaibleco move ihcm. It aecmt to have been in the ninth ccnlui)'. and if they were brought from iha north of EngUnd, the outn^i of Uic Danci may eii[)liiin tlic tianbUtiori ; bui if ihcy came ffoni Biiltan)-, no ttaactt can be ;i*ii£n<d for iheir rimovs! 10 England. St. V»y. tuppoied to b« lb« Mine, WM greatly honoured at Cologne, probably on account of some of his lelic*.

St. Ke7na,v.. ^"^^ ^EVNA was one of the daughters of A.D. Brcchan of Brecknock, who, like so many others " of her holy family, forsook the world for 3 hfc of religious retirement. The place chosen for ber seclusion iva.1 on the banks of the Avon, in Somerset, and is now called by her name, Kcynsham. But aficr spending a lengrh of time there she returned to Wales, where her admirable holiness gained universal veneration, and merited for her the dis- tinguished appellation of f/u Virgin. It was in her own countr)' that she gave up her soul to God, and there a number of ancient churches were dedicated in her honour.

MKNOLOGY.

rocT. 8.

y. Robert The Venerable ROBERT BiCKERDIKE w-as

^'mS'!*** ^o™ at Lo\v« Hall, near Knaresborough, but A.D. resided in the city of Yorlc. He wa,^ brought ' before the magistrates and committed for trial on the charge of having been reconciled to the Church of Rome, and refusing to attend the I'rotcslanl worship. He was questioned as to what he would do if the Pope or the King of Spain should invade the kingdom; to which he replied that he "should do as God should put him in mind". This answer was interpreted to be treasonable, but the jury did not admit it to be so, and acquitted Mr. Bickcrdikc. The judge, however, instead of releasing him, ordered him to be taken to the Castle, and a new indictment to be drawn up, to the same efTecl as the former one: This was accordingly- done, and the second jury brought him in guilty of high treason, the penalties of which were carried out at Yorlc.

John Lowt, Tlic Venerable JO!iN LowE was bom in

Aria'wiB M . Londott, and for some time was a Protestant

Riclurd * minister. On his conversion he went lo the

A.D. "College at Douay, and from thence to Rome,

'586- where he was ordained priest. In due lime he

returned to England and laboured on the Mission, till he was

arrested and condemned and executed for high treason, on

account of his priestly character and the exercise of its

functions.

The Venerable JOHN Adams was a native of Dorsetshire, and went to Rheims for his theological studies. He returned to England as a priest in 15S1, and after some lime was seized and banished, with a number of others, in the year I 585.. After a few months* stay at the College, he contrived to return to his labours on the Mission, but was once more apprehended and condemned to death, barely for being a priest Few particulars are known relative to this Martyr, but it is recorded in one of the catalogues that his constancj' wa.s proof against all the artifices and pi-omiscs, used to divert him from his generous resolution to sacrifice his life for the Faith.

OCT. 0.]

MENOLOGY.

481

The Venerable Richard, or, as he is called in some catalogues. Robert DibdalE, was born in Worcestershire. He became a student, and in due time a priest, of the Znglish College at Rheima. In the year 1584 he was sent on the Mission, which he diligently served for some time. He was however arrested by the persecutors, tried and coiidemtied for high treason, on account of his priestly character and functions. This Martyr, like a number of other missioners of that time, was remarkable for the yift he possessed of exor- cising evil spirit* A fellow-missioner has left an account of several wonderful instances of this kind, of which he was himself witness, and others arc recorded by Ycpc;;, Bishop of Tarrason.i, in his account of the English persecution. These wonderful occurrences were said to be the cause of numerous conversions to the Faith. The three Martyrs. I.owc, Adams, and Dibdale, all sulfcied at Tyburn on the same day, the 8th October, and on tlic mere charge of their priesthood, which by the recent statute was declared to be high treason.

Su Ywy. CnU. ij. ti, Mart. L. Ltg. Tinm., io\. lya; Capgr., fot.

i6ofi: Nov. Leg., fol. loin : Whitf.

Su-.: W. t and a; Chal. (16 July.

JjOci.), Hill. Boll., vol. 1., p. 400 ; vol. Iviii.,

p. 4' Lobineau, Sainu de BTctagni, h'., |x

iZs.

St. Keyna. L^g. ^ov. heg. Hitt. Alfofd'sAnnalt.

Matlyts. Hht. Dousy Diaries; Ctiallonet's

Miss. Piiests, vol. L AcEhiv. VVc«l[noi>.,iv., pp. I, 65, 114.

131. Aichiv. Wcktmon., Chsmpncy, p.

83*.

THE NINTH DAY.

At Bridlington, or Burlington, itt Yorkshtn, the Hepcsifwn of St. /OltN, Confissor,—At Lincoln, the venerated memory of RoiiERT GrossTESTE, Bis/wfi of that city.

St John, St, John, a native of Yorkshire, had the ad-

^"q- vant.ige of being trained in the fear of God by

1379. pious parents. After receiving tlic first elements

of knowledge, he was sent to pursue his studies at Oxford,

where he clearly showed that, without neglecting the proper

31

482

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. 9.

duties of the place, his chief object was the acguisitioti of Christian perfection. His devotion in all religious exercises, his purity of life, his meekness or/cn under great provocations, could not escape observation, and won the admiration of all his friends. After two years the holy youth returned to his home, in the neiRhbourhood of Bridlington. and it was not long before he decided on embracing the religious state, which he 43id in the Monastery of the Canons Regular of St Augustine in that town.

John was twenty years of age when he received the habit which he was to ivcar in ever-increasing .sanctity for forty years more. He htld several subordinate offices in the community, which he supported in patience, as tlicy did not distract him from his beloved occupation of constant prayer; but when he was chosen Prior, he so earnestly and humbly sued for his release, that his brethren were compelled to assent It was, however, only for a short time, and the office being again vacant, John was obliged to bear the burden. Thus he found himself constrained to add in a measure the duties of the acli\-e life to his best beloved occupation as a contemplative.

By the g:race of God, he failed in neither: he pro\-idcd with watchful care for the wants of his brethren ; he found means to render ample assistance to the poor, the sick, and afflicted, to ransom captives, and bring consolation to the hearts of the desolate. Mindful of his primary duty as a Canon, he would instantly quit every occupation, when called to the public offices of the Church. Me had frequent ecstasies, had the gift of prophecy and of miracles even during his life- time, and was favoured with abundant tears of lender de- votion, especially at the time of celebrating Mass. But better than all was that wonderful humility which made him con> sidcr himself the most unworthy of God's creatures, and unable to bear the slightest words of praise. Nevertheless, the fame of his sanctity was spread abroad, and many persons declared that even when far distant they had recommended themselves to his protection and found immediate succour on occasions of imminent pcriL In the year 1 379, this great servant of God passed hence to a better life, and was

OCT. 9.]

MENOLOGY.

483

reverently buried in his monaster)-. The miracles which followed the event were so numerous and so conspicuous as to excite the admiration of all England, and it is said that in consequence of these the Pope ordered the translation of his remains to a most honourable place. This ceremony was solemnly performed in the year 1404, on the nth March, by the Archbishop of York, assisted by the Bishops of Durham and Carlisle.

Molanus, in hit fir*i edtlron of Lteuatd'a Marlyrolesy, sajt that St. John was cinoniiri by Pope Boniface IX., but it wouM B(«m to be an eniK, a* the ■tataiient is wiilidrawn in the liter edicionti, and it is nowhere oIh 10 be found. Perhaps the miatak« arises fiom the liaiuJation oidered by the Pontiff.

Robert Cfos»- Robert Grosstfste, Bishop in Lincoln in '^'Jl'ix'' ' ^^^ ""^'8" "^ Henry III., was one of the most dis- 1353. tinguishcd prelates of his time. During his life he enjoyed a high reputation for learning, pastoral zeal, and sanctity of life, and after death for many miracles attributed to his intercession. Petitions for hi* canonization were addressed at different times to the Holy See, and among them tt'c still have one from the Chapter of St. Paul's, bear- ing most emphatic testimony to his merits.

The vchcmano* with whlcti GrOMtestc pioieale4 sgainit tbe Pope'a numeiouK appoinCincnti of fbrcigncri 10 English bcncficca is welt known ; but it ihouM be obt«rvcd that the Icttci In wliicli ih<»c complaint* are tirged in the least modciau tom> i> addicucd, not, as Mailticw Pult uya, and u it Is eon- menly nippMed, to Pape Innocent, but to Innoctnl, the Pope* Scriptor, raaidiiiK in England. Thin acquits him ot what olberune« v,-auld be a dUropcctfuI tninner of addteiiins the Bovcieign PontifT. Mt. Luard, tlic editor of Grou- leite'n Ltlltri In the Rolls Sei!e«, lemaiki (p. 30) : *' No one con exceed GtOMUitc ill his rcvdcncc foi the Papal pow«i, and foe Innocent IV. in pat- ticniar, u » shown in Kcvef.il of the other leiien in the proacnl volume ".

^H Sl John.

^^V Call, a (on lolh), aj, 33.

^H Martt. Rom., R.

^^H JLiy. Nov. Leg., foi. 39i>i ; W. 1 and

^B i; ChaJ. (on loth).

^H Hill. Boll, (sth vol, of Oct), p. 135

^H ^Ufc by Pilot Hugo).

^B WaUlngham, h.D. ijSg (Kolls Bd.,

^^V ^'ol, ii.), pp. iSg, 363,

W BiiiJiuiU Sancta,

Robert Gtowtexle. Hhl. Boll. (4th >d1. of Oct., into

Pfatern), p. 566. Anglia Sacra, ii., p. 343. Lcller*. Roll* Edition.

484

MEXOLOGV.

[OCT. lO.

THE TENTH DAY.

At Rochester, t/u deposUum of St. Paulinus, ^JrA^rf/^ty) cf I'o/'^, and afitneards Bishop of Rochester.

St. Pnulinus, St. P.xulinus was oncof the second companyJ ^^A^""'^'' ^^ missioners whom St. Gregorj- sent to aid St. I fi44. AutjustJne in his evangelical labours, all being monks of the Convent of St. Andrew on the Cclian. Kor many years the work of Paulinus was confined to Kent or the neighbouring provinces, and it was not until the year 625 H that he was made Bishop and sent to Northumbria, to accom- ™ pany Ethclburga of Kent, the affianctd wife of King Edwin. It was not until long after his arrival at York that Paulinus was able to work effectually for the conversion of the North- h umbrians, as the King, though well disposied in favour ofB Christianity, was slow in resolving to ask for baptism. On the persuasion of the holy Bishop he had consented that his infant daughter Handcda should be a Christian ; he had pro- raised himself to submit to the yoke of Christ if a victory- over ^ his enemies tt'ere granted to him ; he had also ascertained from his assembled nobles that they were of the same mind ; h but he still hesitated] until the Saint was enabled, by divine | revelation, to remind hitti of a token which had been given to htm in the days of his youthful exile.

PaiiHnus had then the happiness of receiving this grealt prince into the bosom of the Church. The conversion of the people followed rapidly, and Paulinus devoted da>'sand' days to baptising his neophytes in the rivers Glen and Swale. His mission was chiefly in Dcira, the hereditary 1 kingdom of Edwin, and in the conquered territory of Lindsey, south of the Humber^but seems scarcely to have _ reached the northern province of Bemicia. At York a | church of wood had been hastily erected for the baptism of tlic King, and a stone edifice was begun to take its place, though not completed until the reign of Oswald. _ Paulinus also built a stone church of beautiful workmanship J at Lincoln, and there it was that, at a later period, he was]

OCT. 11.]

MEXOLOOY.

485

met by St. Honorius of Canterbury, on whom he confcrretl episcopal consecration and the pallium sent by the Pope. Paulinii"; had already received the pallium from Pope Hono- rius, and was, therefore, the first Archbishop of York. The death of Edwin at the battle of Hatfield Chase, in the year 633, was a fatal blow to the cause of religion in Northumbria. Paultnns was constrained to quit his diocese and return to Kent, to place Queen KthclburRa under the protection of her brother King Kadbald. AH he could do was to leave his deacon James to keep together as well as might be his scattered flock. .'\t the ur^nt request of EadbaM and the .•\rchbishop llonorius, St Paulinus was inducc<l to undertake _ the administration of the Church of Rochester, which at that

^M time was vacant In this charge he continued till he gave up

H his soul to God, on the 10th October, 644.

Ca/i. 1. 3. ID. 5, lj<), b. C, tlf, IJ, 14,

»6. 37. 39. 4'. 4»' 5*. 56. &i. 65. 67- gS. lot

Leg. TInm., fol. Jsiii; Capgi., fcl. sij^i Nov. Leg., fol, i6nb; W, 1 snd a : CtuJ.

Jiarl. Rom., A, C, I). G. K, L, P. Q. hiii, Ueda, i., c. 38 ; ii., c. g, is, i^, R. lb. 17, 20; iii., c. 14.

THE ELEVENTH DAY.

/« Ireland, t/ie festival of ST. Can ICE, Confessor and Abbot, — At Harking, in Essex, the deposition cf St. ETHEL- llURGA, Virgin find Abbess of thnt monastery.

St. Oudce, St. Canice, or KENNETH, camc to Britain ^ji D ' ^'^'^ Ireland, his native countiy, and placed hJm- fioo- self under the holy discipline of St Cadoc in Wales, from whom he learned the ways of Christian perfec- tion, and in a special degree the pr.icticc of religious obedience He afterwards returned to his native land, and departed to cur Lord at the age of eighty-four. He is honoured as the Patron of Ossory and Kilkenny, his festival being on this day.

St Ethel- This illustrious Saint is said to have been born Xfe at Stallington, in Lincolnshire, and her father to 670 c. have been OfTa, a principal nobleman of that

486

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. 11.

county, and a pagan. ST. Ethelburga, liowever, is best known to us as the sister of Erkonwald. Bishop of London, who in his youth had established himself in a moiiaatery in the Isle of Chcrtsey, in the Thames; and seeing that hts sister was inspired with the same desire for perfection as himself, founded a religious house expressly for her at Barking. This institute, as «-as so common in that age, consisted of tvro communities, one of men nnd the other of women, under the rule of the same abbess. Here St. Ethelbui^a became the spiritual mother of many great 5er\ants of God, her chief assistant being St. Jlildclitha, said to have been recalled from France for that office.

During this period the Convent of Barking was favoured with many celestial visions and revelations. In the year of the great pestilence, which had already reached the monastery of the monks, the religious were anxiously deliberating on the choice of a cemctcij' for themselves, when, as they were singing the Office in suffrage for the souls of tlie brethren deceased, a sheet of light appeared to descend from heaven and rest on the spot they chose. Shorllj' before the death of the blessed mother, St. Thcorigitha, a nun of the hous^ had a vision of a «oul carried up with great glory from this holy house. The year of this happy passage to eternity is not' known ; but some time afterwards, St. Hildclitha, who suc- ceeded as Abbess, translated her rclic-f, wilh lliosc of other holy sisters, to a place in the church, and this translation was followed by many miracles;. One of the most remarkable happened to a lady who had completely lost her sight, and was led by her attendants to the lomb. After praying thcr^ i awhile, to the admiration of all, she \va.>i completely Tcstored.i A bright light wa.s often seen to shine on this holy shrine, and a fragrant odour proceeded from it and filled the church.

St. Canker Metis. Rom., G. (in Scotia). Lfg. W. I and a : Chal, HitU Lftnigan, L, p. 49a

tit. Ethel bulge. CaU. 34. a*, i«, 46, 47. 54. 56. 57, 6a.

£6,67. Mwlt. I, L, V. Q, R. Lfg. Tinm., fol. 151^; Capgr.. fol.

wja; Nov. t.c^, fol. 139* 1

Vnuxi. Su.; W. I and 1; Chal. ,

Hill, it., C 6it IC^,

OCT. 12.]

MENOLOGY.

487

THE TWELFTH DAY. At Hatfield Chase, in Yorkshire, the passion a/St. Edwin, King pf NortIutmbria,ani{ Martyr. — AtO\\T\A\e and at Ripon, the deposition o/St. WlLl-'KlD, Confessor. Bishop of York, and afterwards of Hexham. — At Tybiim, the pnssion of tMt Ventr- abU Thomas Rullaker, PrUst of t/u Order of St. Francis, who suffered martyrdom in the reign of Charles /.

5l Edwin, On the defeat of his father jClIa by the ^"^ P*^* victorious Ethelfrith, Edwin was driven from ^33- Deira, his hereditary kingdom, and constrained to seek protection from various princes of the island. At length he found refuge with Kcdwald of East Anglia, where he was generously entertained for a lime, until the King, under the repeated threats and promise* of Kthelfritli, at last resolved cither to put him In death or deliver him up to his enemy.

Edwin was %varncd of his danger, but refused to fly ; and while he was in this state of trouble, a messenger from heaven was sent to assure him that the peril would pass by, and that he would become a most powerful prince, and at the same time to indicate that it would be his duty to embrace the Christian Faith. And so it was. Rcdwald, on the remon- strance of his own wife, abandoned his cowardly project, and instead of carrying it out, hastily assembled his forces, and went to meet Ethelfrith. The battle was fotifjht on the banks of the Idle, in Nottinghamshire, and there the great Ethelfrith was slain, aiid the whole of Northumbria passed under the do- minion of Edwin. The young King rapidly increased in power, and in a short time was acknowledged lord paramount as well of the Welsh as the English potentates. Edwin was still a pagan, but a way was opened for his conversion by his second marriage with Ethc!bui^a,thcd:iughtcrofSt Ethclbcrtof Kent.

Before the marriage could be permitted, it was stipulated that she and her household should enjoy the free exercise of their religion, and be accompanied by chaplains from Kent St I'aulinus was chosen for this office, and consecrated Bishop by St Justus of Canterbury. The King from the first showed himself favourable to Christianity, but \vas slow in resolving

4S8

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. 12.

to embrace it himself. He had frequent conferences with Paulinus, and devoted much time to r careful con^deratton of hi^i arguments. On his escape from a treacherous attempt on his life, he consented to the baptism of his infant daughter Eanfleda, and soon afterwards he was convinced that a splendid victory he had in Wessc.v was attributable to the God of the Christians. But it was only when Paulinus, by divine illumination, was able to remind him of the vision he had had in East Anglia, that his resolution was finally taken. He then assembled his nobles, and was rejoiced to find that their sentiments agreed with his own. and that the chief priest of the idols offered himself as the first to profane their temple. It was on Easter Day, 627, that Edwin wa.s baptised in a wooden church erected for the purpose at York. Christianity was thus proclaimed in Northiimbria, and Edwin devoted himself to promote its advancement The preaching of Paulinus was now willingly heard, and many thousands received baptism at his hand tn the rivers Glen and Swale, as well as in the pnivincc of Lindscy. then a conquest of North- umbria. liy the influence of Edwin, Jiorpwald, son of Rcd- wald, and the people of East Anglia were brought to the Faith, and all promised well for the complete conversion of the English. But God permitted that the fulfilment of these hopes should be delayed; and even before the northern province of Bernicia could be gained, the holy Mission met with a deplorable check. In the year 633, Pcnda, the pagan Mercian, united his troops with those of the Welsh Cadwallon, and rose in rebellion against Edwin. The armies met at Hat- field Chase, and the noble Edwin was defeated and slain on the 12th October. He fell In a just war against the chief enemies of his faith and his race, and is honoured among the Martyr-Kirigs who so gloriously distinguish the annals of our early histoiy.

St Witfrid, St. Wh.FRID, with his father's consent, entered

^k.D. " ^^^ Monaster)' of Lindi?ifame when only fourteen

709- years of age. Though he had not )'Ct received

the tonsure, he soon learned to practise the virtues proper to

the monastic state, and, moreover, gave proof of great

OCT. 13.]

MENOLOGY.

489

natural abilities. He soon perceived the defects of the Scottish tradition in ccclwi.istic.il matters, and, willi the consent of the brethren, resolved to visit Rome, the surest source of all such knowledge.

Wilfrid left England in company with Benedict Biscop, but W.1S detained at Lyons by the zealous friendship of the Bishop. At length he reached the Holy City, and studied there for some months under the Archdeacon Boniface. On his return he was Hgain detained at Lyons, and spent three years there, until the death of the Bishop left Kim at liberty to repair to his own country. In Northumbria he was warmly welcomed by Akhfrid, the son nf King Oswy, who gave him the Mon.Tsterj- of Ripon, which he had lately founded. Shortly afterwards, at the instance of the same prince, Wilfrid was ordained priest by Agilbcrt, who had lately retired from the bishopric of the West Saxons.

He accompanied the same prelate to the celebrated confer- ence of Wh ilby, where he pleaded successfully for the abolition of the peculiar usages introduced by the miasioners from lona. About a year later died Tuda, Bishop of Lindisfarnc, and by universal consent Wilfrid was named to succeed. He chose to go to France for consecration, which he received, when he was only thirty years of age, from the same Agilbcrt, now Kishop of Paris. Wilfrid's absence ivas prolonged, and when at last he returned, he found that King Oswy, impatient of the delay, had placed St Chad in the bishopric of Northum- bria. He was therefore un.iblc to t.ike possession until the arrival of St Theodore, who as Metropolitan investigated the question, and declared Wilfrid to be the rightful occupant.

His Sec was at first established at York ; but he was again and ag;ain expelled, and each time restored hy the Apostolic Sec, to which he appealed. He h.id incurred the hostility of the two powerful kings, Egfrid and his brother Aldfrcd, and, what was more afflicting, he found himself opposed by men of eminent sanctity, .such as St Theodore, St John of Beverley, Sl Bosa, and others, they considering it more con- ducive to God's service that the vast diocese should be divided, while he thought it his duty to prcscr\-c the integrity

«o

MENOLOGV.

[OCT. 12.

and possessions of the Church committed to him. None doubted his personal sanctity, which was proved by man] mimclcs, nur his apostolic zeal, which showed itiielf in begin- ning the Mission to the Frisians, which St. Willibrord after- wards carried out, and by the conversion of the people of Sussex and the Isle of Wight. St, Wilfrid was in every sense a {jreal and munificent prelate, such as there arc many examples of in later centuries. The edifices erected by him were the most splendid of those times, notably the Churches of York, Kipon, and above all of Hexham. He was most consistent in his devotion to the Holy See, and in promoting all the usages he had learned in Rome. He was also most jicalous in establishing the rule of St. Benedict in all its purity in the monasteries subject to him.

The last four years of his Eifc he spent as Bishop of He.\haiii, having been restored to that portion of his ancient diocese at the Synod of Nidd. His last illness overtook him 3t Oundle. in Northamptonshire, while visiting a monastery Uicrc, which was under his jurisdiction. His sacred remains were carried to Kipon, and lliere repoMxl in the church be had built, until in the time of the Danish wars they were trajislatcd by St. Odo to Canterbury.

In Sussex Sl Wiirciil liad found an Iiinh monk, tMculw Dcicola.i«ltledat Boscnhani wiih a small comniuniiy. They served God in po*cny and holincM of life 1 but their presence had no clfcci on the pa^an people, and no conitnions were mtide. Iniomc inatiyto1o|tits tl><f^ DcicoUtii tiyled a Saint.

V. Tbomaa The Venerable TllOM.\S BULLAKEK was born

^""ad!""^^ Chichester, and was the son of a well-known 164*- Catholic physician, who gave him a religious and liberal education, and sent him. at the age of eighteen, to the College at St. Omcrs. I-'iom thence he p&sscd to Valladolid, and while there rcccixcd a moHt marked vocation to the Order of St. Francis, which, after .tome difficulties, he was enabled to fulfil, and in due time was professed at the celebrated Convent of Abrojo. Bullakcr had offcicd himself to join the missioncrs who were sent to the West Indies ; but his superior pointed out that England had no less need of such a service, and was the natural field for his labours. He

OCT. 12.]

MENOLOGV.

49"

accordingly set out, in that absolute state of poverty so dear to St. Francis, and landed at Plymouth, where he was immediately arrested on suspicion and thrown into prison. The hardships he there suffered were such as to a^cct his health for the rest of his life ; but nothing could be proved ajjainst him, and at length he was discharged. After this the holy friar laboured during eleven years in the country, when, hearing of the heroic death of William Ward, he was inspired with an ardent dcsli-c of martyrdom, and obtained permission to remove to London, as the place most exposed to the perils of the Mission. Having taken up his lodging in the city, he seems to have gone to the ver^- verge of what was lawful, to court the wishcd-for reward. At length he was taken in his vestments when he was beginning Mass, and. after an examina- tion before tlic magistrates, was committed for trial. As he opcnlj- avowed his priesthood, hi.s contlcmnation followed inevitably. The holy Martyr forthwith fell on his knees and sang the TV Drum, and then, with a cheerful countenance, thanked the judges for ihc favour they had done him. The short time remaining uas spent at Newgate in prayer and conferences, with those who came to speak with him about their souls. On the appointed day he was dragged to Tyburn in the usual manner, and began to preach to the people, but was interrupted by the ministers and soon silenced by the officers, He therefore prayctl a while in silence, and rapt, as it seemed, in heavenly contemplation, so continued till the cart was drawn away. He was cut down before death, and then the execution was completed according to the terrible law, and his head was fixed o[i London Bridge:

Si. Eduin. Lm^. Tinm, , Cal. ijfo ; Cipgt. , fol. Itht. Bcil4, ii. . c. 9 •'' c^.

S((: Nov. I.eg.. foL. tifiA; WhitC Letteti of Pope* Bonifiice V. and

Add. : VN'. I and a ; ChaL (4 Oct.). Hanoriuii. SI. Wilftid. Cn/t. a, 3. 5. 7, 10^ II, ijit, h, t, IS, MatU. Rom., H, I, K. P. Q. R

17, ij. 36, J9, 41, 48, 54, 65, 67, Lig.^ Whht Ssu.; W. i and 1 ; <;hil.

95, loi. Wijf. v., c. rg li olibx.

V. ThornaK Bullal^cr. Hia, Ccnamcn Sctaphicum. Hope's Fraiici>»n Maitj-n.

Challoner'a Miu. Priest*, \-o1. U.

492

lOLOGY.

r^i^

THE THIRTEENTH DAY.

At Westminster, fJu translation of St. Edwakd, King, Con/cssor, •j.-hoic deposition is oa l/ic $(h January.

TmuUtionof '" ^''2 V**'" "^3. nearly a century after his St- Edward, death, the rcmairiis of St. Edward were found A.D.' fi"e»h and entire, and varioua miracles were worked "^S- at his tomb. In consequence of this he was solemnly canonized by I'ope Alexander III., and his festival observed on the day of his deposition, the 5lh of Januar>*. Two years later, St. Thomas the Martyr, Archbishop of Canterbury, solemnly translated his relics to a more honour- able shrine within the same Abbey Church, in the presence of King Henry II., and many liishops and Abbots, who bore witness that not only the body of the Saint, but even his very garments remained uninjured by the lapse of almost a hundred years. In the seventeenth century, I'ope Innocent XI. extended the festival of St. Edward to the whole Church, and appointed the day of the translation for the annua] festival. Since that time the principal feast in England, as elsewhere, has been observed on this day.

Ca\t, I, fl, 3, 4, 5, ig, 3<, 37, 39, 41, UmU, Rom., K, I^ Q. ■(«. W. 56. 58. 6^. 98, 95/.

THE FOURTEENTH DAY.

At Rocca d'Arce, in the kijigdcm of Naptu, ilte festival of St. BerXARD, Confessor.

Si. Bernard, The tradition of the country, in winch the remains of ihis Saint repose, is decidedly that he came from Great liritain. and that he was the companion of St Ardwj'ne, St. Gerard, and St. Fulk, in their pilgrimage to the holy places of the East. On Ihcir return they spent several years of rigorous solitude and a most austere and holy life on Mount Gaqjano. and were on their way to Rome, when, one after the other, at different places on the route, they were called to their everHasting rest. Gerard was the first to die at

OCT. 15.]

MEXOLOGY.

4dS

Gallinaro ; and a little while later, when tlic sun-ivors had reached Arpino, Dcrnard also was taken from thcii- company, Hedicd the death of a Saint, and w-dji buried by the Chapel of St. John, on the road to Rocca d'Arcc. It seems to have been in the twelfth century that the fame of his sanctity became widely spread, that is, from the time of his tra.nsIatioii to Rocca d'Arcc, which was crfcclcd in consequence of a heavenly revelation. Subsequent translations have taken place at later times, the last betiig on 3(5lh June, 169S, from the old Gothic church to a new chaj>el erected on purpose. The chief festival is held on the 14th October, which is pro- bably the day of the translation from Arpino to Rocca d'Arce, and the secondary feast on the zCth June, in honour of the latter solemnity.

Boll., vol. liii.(etli ofO«,),p. fl»«, give hymn* and oihcf paiuofthe proper office of the Saint, sb wcti hs Acis in ihc fonn of leSEons. Ngtliinf; U naid of the Saint's country or bis companlonii, •• ikty rclalo piiiTCipsll/ to ilic tronkU- tioci or Ills rclica. Tlie BoIlandiMa incline to ptcfci the clevrtitb ccnttiiy u tbe tnie date. Viik note on Si. Atdwyne, »8lh July.

Marl. Bom. Hitt. Bolland. vol. liii. p. 62S

I L^f. W. I and 1 1 Chtl. Vila di S. Aidovino, by P. Tavant.

I Private letten ftoin Naples.

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

At tht Abbe>- of Kitzengcn, in Gtnnany, {fu ftstivai pf St. ThECLA, Virgin flrtri Al/bfSS.

St Thecia, St. TllECLA was one of the holy religious ^ "a.^"' ^^^""^ S'- Boniface called from England, to esta- 590 c. blish the rule of St. Benedict, among those of her own sex. in the country which he had recently conquered to the Kaith. She was a kinswoman of St. Lioba, and like her a disciple of Sl Tetta at Wimbomc. It is probable that the two went to Germany at the same time. Thecia, at all events, was at one time an inmate of St Lioba's Monastery at His- choCTshcim, a^ is mentioned in the life of the latter Saint At one time St. Thecia presided over the Abbey of Ochscnfurt, where she may have been placed by St. Boniface himself;

494

>[F,XOLOGy.

[OCT. la

and it was, perhaps, subsequently that she succeeded St Hadeloga at Kitwngcn. It was in this latter abbey that she completed her earthly course, and closed a holy life in a peaceful and saintly death.

ilarl. Rom.

Leg. W. 1 Biid 1 ; ChsT.

Hill Ball. (7tli Tol. of Oct.). p. so. Mabill.,Aci»SS. Ben«t.(miifcofSl. Lioba. by Rudolph).

THE SIXTEENTH DAY.

/w //« fiislriet of Rett, mi Franee, the dtposilton of ST. VlTALls. Hermit, CmtftSior. — At tht Abbey of ?nr-!feldt. Ute iitfKiUion cf St. Lull. C<mffssor, and siomd Archbishop of JUityenct. — In Rome, l/u fions memory of WiLLIAM AlleK, Cardinal Pritsl of llie Holy Roman Church.

St. Viulii, St. ViTALIS was bom in Great Brittin, of noble

"*^*iJ"^"parcnts, but whether they were of English or 740 c. Welsh origin does not appear. They took every care of his inslruction, and the days of his youth were spent in his father's house. Afterwards, however, feeling the power- ful call of divine grace to embrace a more perfect life, and fearing the opposition of his beloved parents, he privately withdrew from his home, and sailed for Brittany.

Vitalis landed on the Isle of Her, at the mouth of the Loire, and on his earnest petition was received into fhc Abbey of St I'hilbcrt. afterwards generally known as Noirmoutier. .^fter passing some time there, he obtained leave to retire to a hermitage, which he built for himself on Mount Scobrct, in the country Rctz, The fame of the holy life of the pious solitary soon attracted a crowd of visitors, and Vitalis would gladly have sought some still more retired spot, had not obe- dience to his Abbot obliged him to stay, and render assistance to those who had recourse to him. Here he gave up his soul to God, and was buried in his own cell ; but the number of miracles wrought induced the monks to translate his venerated body to the Monastery of Noirmoutier. Later on, in the time of the Norman incursions, they were compelled to quit their

OCT. IS.]

MENOLOGY.

495

home, and carry the sacred relics, which they rcganlcd as their greatest treasure, along with them. The remains of St. Vitalis found their resting place at the Abbey of Toiirnus, on the Sawnc, and there remained, until they were profaned and dispersed by the Calvinists in the sixteenth century. In French St. Vitalis is known as St. Vial or Viau, and there is a parish church dedicated to him in the country of Ketz. It is also said that a church in Wales bears his name.

St. LulL St. Lull was but seven years of age when he

^^"a!d!" ^^'^^ ^'^"^ *° ''^*^ Abbey of Maimesbury, to be ^- trained in all good learning and virtue. He was greatly beloved by the Abbot and the brethren, under whose care he was tranied in holiness of life and in mental cultiva- tion. After he was ordained deacon, hearing of the great deeds of St Boniface, who is thought to have been in some way related to him. Lull resolved, with the approbation of his superiors, to offer to join him in his mission. St Boniface welcomed him with joy, and, having made him a priest, de- spatched him on a confidential embassy to Pope St Zachary in Rome. It was three years after this that St. Boniface, knowing that his own wished for death was near, and desiring to disburden himself of his own particular See to visit other places under his superior junsdiction, detcmiined to establish Lull as his successor while he was yet alive. Accordingly, with the cordial approbation of King Pepin, as well as of his clergy and people, he conferred upon him episcopal consccra* tion, and instituted him Archbishop of Mayence. He also, before leaving the city, confided to him whiit he knew by revelation of his own approaching death, and expressed his de- ^rc to be buried at the Abbey of Fulda. Lull was a mar of learning, took great delight in study, and was consulted as an oracle in cases of difficulty. Many letters remain to show how greatly he was esteemed by bishops and princes, by hts fellow-countrymen in England, and his adopted people in Germany, and indeed throughout Chrbtendoiii. He guided his flock with the zeal and charity of a true shepherd, until, after thirty-two years of faithful service, his health and strength

MF.NOI.OGV.

tOOT. 1«L

completely failed, and he went to seek a Uttlc rest in his Abbey of Hirsfcldt. It was there that he was called by the Supreme Pastor to receive the rcivard of his stewardship. In the year 852 the relics of St, I-ull were translated with honour, and his sanctity declared by various miracles.

The name Lull it Tendered in Latin LuUa or Lallui. and samelunen Lwtlo. At MBlmc»bury Uiey wcic accustomed (o call him Irtcl, uied ai a teim ot lilcc- lion by the Abbot.

Wiltivn VVlL[,lA!M AlLEN was bom, A.D. 153?, at

^^- Rossall Hall, in Lancashire, a property held on 1594- lease by his family from a priory in the midland counties. At the early age of fifteen he was sent to Oriel College, Oxford, and became a Fellow of that Society in 155Q He soon gained a high reputation for learning and good character, and in 1 560 was chosen Principal of St Mary Hall. He escaped molestation on account of religion in King Edward's time, and in the last year of Mary's short reign was made Canon of York. When however Elizabeth had openly declared her hostility to the Catholic Church, Allen, with several other distinguished members of the University, retired to the Continent, and resumed his studies at Louvaia After a time, his health failing, by the advice of his physician he returned to England, and took up his abode with his family in Lancashire. While there he de^'Olcd himself to the interests of religion, confirming wavering Catholics in their fidelity, and especially arguing against the lawfulness of atlcndinp the Protestant worship, which many were disposed to do, ill order to avoid the severe penalties which recusancy involved. This zeal naturally attracted the attention of the hostile party, and brought his life into imminent danger, which induced him once more to seek refuge in a Catholic land. Mechlin was the place he chose, and there he was employed as a lecturer in thcologj-, while at the same lime he prepared himself for the priesthood, being hitherto only in deacon's Orders.

During his residence at Mechlin, Allen found an oppor- tunity uf satisfying bis desire to visit Rome, which he did

OCT. 16.]

MENOLOGY.

49?

in company with Dr. Vendeville. an eminent professor in the University of Douay, and it was on this occasion that he &nt broached his great scheme for establish- ing A seminary for the education of £ngli$h priests, who should relum to their country as missioneis to preserve the scattered rcjnnant of ihe faithful and prevent the utter extinction of the I-'aith, which threatened to be near at hand, as the ancient clergy were rapidly dying out Dr. Vendeville most highly approved of the project, and, having invited Allen to take up his residence at Douay, used his great influence to promote its execution. A certain number of learned Knglishmcn were brought together, and in spite of many diflicultics from want of means and other causes, the celebrated College was happily founded. Pope Gregory XIII. took it under his patronage, and granted an annual allowance for its support. Allen also obtained a pension as Licentiate in Theolc^y, and a Canonry at Cambray, which enabled him to contribute ; and his great courage and con- fidence in God strengthened him to face obstacles which would have daunted many another man. Some years later he wa.s also instrumental in the foundation of the English College In Rome, or rather in the transformation of the ancient hospice into an ecclesiastical college. Other colleges were after- wards established in other places, and a supply of zealous priests provided, ready at all times to enter on the perilous Mission and sacrifice their lives for the flock of Christ.

This is not the place to speak of their labours or of the number of Martyrs who went forth from them, but only to remark that It is to this great man, under the conduct of Pro- vidence, that wc owe it that the Catholic Church continued during two centuries to exiit in this country, ready to break forth into new life, when the pressure of persecution should be removed. Dr. Allen continued to labour with the illustrious men around him in every way that might benefit his country, by writing, teaching, exhorting, and encouraging, and this notwithstanding bis frequent sufferings from a torturing malady.

In (585 he was invited by the Pope to visit Rome once more,

J2 ,

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. 17.

which he did without any intention of fixing his residence there ; but circumstances obliged htm to delay his return, ai>d in the interval his future course was determined by Sixtus V., who, on the 7th August, created him Cardinal Priest of SS- Silvester and Martin in Montibus, In this exalted position the Cardinal became tlic natural protector of the afHictcd English Catholics, devoted himself entirely to their service, and was the means of assisting them in many ways, and in the courts of Catholic princes. Philip 11. nominated him to the Archbishopric of Mechlin, but for some reason or other he was never consecrated, or even preconizcd in the Con- sistory. He remained in Rome till his holy death, which took place on the i6th October, 1594, and was buried in the Church of the Venerable English College. Cardinal Allen has left numerous writings, testifying at once his learning and ability, his love of his country, and lus zeal for souls.

St. Viulis.

Jiiil. Loblncau, Ssinu de Bret>t[ne,

ii., p. 131.

St. Lull, Mart, Rom. tlitt. Mklmeib. Reg., i.. ( $4-

Ltg. Maycflcc Btcv. Supp.i W. i JSabill., AcW SS. Bcned., mx. iii.) «nd 1 \ Chal. pait i, p. 355.

C^LiJinitl .Mica. Hist. Dodd, vol. II.: InUoduction to Douay Diwio*. tec., Ibe.

THE SEVENTEENTH DAV.

At Ou Abbey of Ramsey, in Huntingdonshirt, tfu tram- lation of the Martyrs, ST. Etuelred and ST. EthELBERT, hrothrrs and princes iff Kent. — A^ Ely, //« tratulittion a/ St. Etheldkeda, Qiuin, Virgin, and Abbess. — At Canterbury, the dtposition of St. Nothelm, Confeisor, attd tenth Arch- bisliop of t!u See. — At Wrexham, in Denbigh^ttre, the passion of the Vmcrahlt RicMAKI* VVhitk, Layman, Afartyr.

SS. EUwirtd The brothers St. Ethelreu and St. Ethei--

b^ ui^. ^^^"^ ^^^^ ^'^ *°"* ^"^ Ennenred, the eldest son A.D. of Eadbald, King of Kent, and grandson of St ^^ Ethelbcrt. The throne was occupied in »i»c-

OCT. 17.]

MENOLOGY.

499

cession by their uncle Erconbert and their cousin Egbert, to whose protection their father dying when they were of tender age, entrusted them. They were much beloved by King Egbert for their blameless lives and many good qualities, but incurred the jealous hatred of Thunor, his chief counsellor.

This wicked man endeavoured to persuade his master, that the security of his throne was threatened, as the princes were advancing in age, and were of the elder branch of the family. The King again and again refused to listen to these evil suggestions, but at length his opposition seemicd to become more feeble, and Thunor chose to interpret it as a consent to his prcjccted crime. He accordingly murdered the good brothers, and secretly buried them in the hall of the royal residence at I^astty, and actually beneath the King's seal. At night a bright light was seen to shine over the palace, which the King himself, going out before dawn, was witness ot He sent for Thunor and obliged him to own his crime.

Great was the remorse of Egbert for his share in the griilt. The facts were made known to St. Theodore, the Archbishop, and a conference held, in which it was determined to invite St Ermcnburga, the sister of the Martyrs, to hasten to Kent and claim what it'trigiU, or compensation, she should think fit This was done, and the result was the foundation of the Abbey of Minstcr-in-Thanet, the land with which it waa endowed being the space round which Ermenburga's tame hind trotted in a single course, in presence of the King and his attendants. It is related that Thunor began to remon- strate with Egbert on the quantity of his bc-st land which he was alienating, when the earth opened and swallowed him up, at a place still called Thunorslcap, or Thunoislow. Mean- while, it was resolved to bury Ihc Martyrs at Christ Church, Canterbury, but it was found impossible to raise the bodies. The same thing hap|>encd when St Augustine's was proposed. At length the Monaster)' of Wakcring, in Essex, was sug- gested, and then the transport was effected without the least difficulty, and attended with various miracles. In later times the sacred remains of these holy Martyrs were translated to

Soo

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. 17.

the celebrated Abbey of Ramsey, that they might receive (jreatcr honour from the concourse of the faithful

Wakcting it in EiMx, nnrly on iSc ttonh bank oT the Thamef, Tbe Bccounu of the tranntaUon «re w'ouf. Seme vriixtn lay it ww frcn> BaU ^n^/id to Rundty, >nd perforated oiA oT dwMien by it.c ownet of the plus in whteh tlicy iBr. Some Mjr hia n»aw wu Wakeiiiig. and o«hei> call hiBi Counl Egelwin. The due too. » unccrtaio.

Tmuluion St. Etheldreda was succeeded in the EtiKWrcda, government of the Abbey of Ely by her «ist«r Vir^ St. ScxburRa, widow of Erconbert. King of Kent. jjj. Her affection and veneration for the holy foundress inspired her with the desire of removing her . sacred relics to an honourable place within the church. It was sixteen years after the death of Etheldreda, when the pious design was carried out ; and in order to prepare for it, St. Scxburga sent out some of the brethren to seek for a .suitable block of stone for a new cofRn. They had not gone far, when, by a special providence, am it seemed, the>* found near tlic ruins of Grandchcstcr a beautiful cofRn of white marble already made, which they carried home, and found admiiably fitted for their object The sacred body, when raised from the ground, was placed under a tent prepared for the purpose, and thither St. Sexburga, with a few attendants, retired to wash and arrange the venerated bones of the Saint. The community, who waited outside, were soon astonished to hear the Abbess cry out with a loud voice, " Prabc be to the name of the Lord," and were overcome with holy joy when thcj' were admitted witliin the tent, and saw the Virgin Saint laid on a bed as if asleep, and without the least sign of corruption, even the linen in which she was wrapped being undecaycd. One witness of this prodig>' was Cynifrid, the surgeon, who a few days before her death had made a deep incision in the abscess from which she snifTcred, and could atte^ that she was buried with a gaping wound in the neck, which was now perfectly healed, and marked only by a slight scar. The sacred body was honourably attired, and translated with holy triumph into the Abbey Church. By the touch of

OCT. 17.]

MENOLOGY.

501

the linen in which it had been wrapped evil spirits were cast out and other cures wrought. The wood of the coffin In which the Saint was first placed was also the means of recovery to many who were suffering from cruel pains In the eyes.

This first translation took place on the 17th October, and on the same day. in the year 1106, under the Abbot Richard, her sacred remains were again translated, together with those of her sisters Sexburga and Withburga, as also of St P'rmenilda.

St. Noihelm. NoTllELM was a pricst of the Church of ""A-D ' London, when chosen to succeed Tatwinc as ?♦>■ Archbishop of Canterbury. He afforded great assistance to St Bcdc in the compilation of his ceclcsiasticaJ history, by collecting important traditions relating to St Augiiatine and hi.s companions, and aftcnvards, when in Rome, by copying from the Archives of the Holy See various apostolic letters and other doeumentt relating to England, with the sanction of Pope St Gregory- III. He also corre- sponded with St lioniface in Germany. Nothclm governed his See till the year 740, %*hen he was called to his rest, and succeeded by Cuthbcrt.

V. Richwd The Venerable Richakd White was bom in ^'a.d'*' ^Tontgomcrj-shirc and educated at Cambridge. 158*. On leaving the University he opened a school in Wales, conforming to the religion of the times, though in his heart a Catholic. The misfioncrs from Douay, whom he often met with, convinced him of the unlawfulness of attending the Protestant worship, and his absence from church caused htm to be thrown into prison and committed for trial, but with the promise of release if he would once comply tvith what wa.-* required. At the assizes the judge ordered htm to be carried by force to the church, which was accordingly done ; but the good man thought il neccssaiy to show his reluctance by making such a noise, that he was removed and placed in the stocks. After some time, he wast

502

MENOT.OGY.

[OCT. 18.

arraigned with two others for the same cause, and condemned on the evidence of certain perjured wretches. Of his com- panions, one was reprieved and the other left in prison, but Richard White was executed according to the sentence for high treason, and butchered in the most frightful manner. He called on the sacr«d Name of Jesus while the hangman was actually engaged in his barbarous work.

SS. Elhclred and Glhdbect. Cult. lb, io, 46, jS. Uarlt. L, M. Q. Leg. Tinm.. fol. JS?*; Capp.. fol.

ttoA; Nov. Leg., fol. ■43^) yfhtti.

Add.; W. I indi: Chai. Hill. MS., cd. by Cockayne {RoIU),

V13J. iii..p, 415.

Simeon Dunelni. (Twyw!. Col., 86). niwne {Twyti. Col., 170). Trana. S. Etheldr&da. Colt. I, 3, ty>,t, 14, 14, 37, 56. 58.

61. 65. 67. 9S. Marlt. H. U M, P, Q. R. Ltc. Vtliitf. Saf. ; W, j and i; Chal. Hill. B(!(U. iv., chap. 19. Thomas of Ely (Angl. Sac:, torn, i., p. 613).

St Nodielm. Cii'f. 46. 48. .Varit. Q. R. Lig. Ctial.

Hilt. Beda (Inltoduciion). Sinicon Dunelm., de C«n. Mibill., Annftlt, ii., p. lOi.

Ven. RichKil White. Hitl. BnigvUtc\ CoficcttMio, foL

I77&.

Dotuy Diaricfl; CMIIoner'* Hli

FcieMs, xo\. i. Archiv. Wettfoan^ iv., p. 65.

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY.

At York, t/u cemtnemoration of the servant of Cod, j AMES DtatoR of t/u Church of York.

Junes, This eminent mail, greatly commended for his

aId'"' ccclcsia-slical spirit and holy life, was the atlcn-

650c. dant deacon of St. Paulinus, Archbishop of York.

When the Saint was obh'gcd to return to Kent, in

company with Queen Ethelburga, JajiuS was left behind with

the Northumbrian neophytes. He remained faithfully at his

post throughout the troublous times whicli followed, and was

able to teach and baptise many new converts. So great was

Che veneration in which his memory was held, that the place

of his usual residence was called by hi» name. He was a

OCT. 19. J

MENOLOGY.

*^

steady observer .of the disciplinary usa^s, which he had brought from Kent, and a skilful teacher of the Roman Church chant. James had the consolation or living to witness the restoration of Christianity In his adopted country, and was spared for many years for the sen-ice of God and the advantage of the faithful.

Ltg.ChsJ.

Hit*, Beda, it, t6, ao ; i!t., 15; iv., a.

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

In Ireland, Hu def^sition of St. Et!II!IN, Confessor and fferm if. —At Oxford, r/iedfposi/mi of St. Frideswide, rj>yi« an^ Abbess. — At the Tower of London, and at Arundel, t/ii Ventrable PHILIP Howakd, Earl of Aritndf!, ivfio died under the sufferings of a tang imprisotwunt, borne for his faithful confession eflke Catholic Faith.

St. Ethbin was bom in Great Britain, and C«ftf.. Hei\, ^^'Cfit: over to Continental Brittany to place him- *vp- self under the guidance of his fcllow-countrj-man St. Samson, Bishop of D6Ie. There he made great progress in virtue ; but having one day heard in the Mass the words of the Gospel, " Everj'one of you that doth not renounce all he posscsscth cannot be My disciple," he felt himself, like the great St Antony, called upon to make a com- plete renunciation of the world. Accordingly, with the prelate's approval, he retired to the Abbey of Tauroc, and lived under the conduct of Guinolrf, or Winwaloc the younger. About the year 560, this monastery was devastated by the Frank-*, and Ethbin toolc refuge in Ireland, and there built a small cell in a spot known as Neclon Wood, where he lived in great sanctity, until, at the age of eighty-three, he was invited to his heavenly reward.

St. FrWes- St. FR[DES\vide was thc daughter of DIdanus

"'j*^V^. and his wife Safrida. This Didanus is called an

A.D. ' undcr-king, and had some jurisdiction in Oxford

'^S- where he often resided. The young maiden was

504

MKNOLOGY.

l&

gu-en in charge to Atgiva, a huly woman, who is supposed to have been an abbess in Winchester, and by her was mt piously educated. When age permitted, Fridcswide mac profession of the religious life ; but a certain prince, who » called King Algar, was sacrilegiously bent on making her his wife, and threatened to burn down Oxford if her parents did not deliver her up to htm. But his impiety was directly punished by heaven with the loss of his sight, a circumstance which inspired the English kings with such terror, that for several ages they never ventured to enter that city. To escape this persecution, the young virgin fled to a place on the banks of the Isis, which some take to be Benson and others Abingdon. There she remained concealed in a cave for three years, after which she ventured to approach nearer to Oxford, and took up her abode nt Binscy, where, at her prayer, a fountain miraculously sprung up; and in later times a chapel was built in her honour, and wa.s much frequented by pilgrims. Didanus, the Saint's father, is said to have built the monastery in Oxford, and made his daughter Abbess; but she for the mo.st part resided in a solitary spot called Thombury. She was called to her heavenly crown about the year 735 ; but her convent continued to flourish for several ages, until it was destroyed by lire in the eleventh century. When rebuilt it was given to the Canons Kegular of St. Augustine. The relics of the Saint were solemnly translated on the nth Fcbruary.A.u 1180, by Richard, Arch- bishop of Canterbury, the immediate succesisor of St. Thomas, King Henry II. himself being present. This priory wa» one of those which Pope Clement VII. allowed Cardinal Wolsey to suppress for the foundation of his Collie, and a few years later, during the schism, Henry VIII. made it a Bishop's Sec, a change which was validated by the legate Cardinal Pole, in the time of Queen Mary. The relic* of St. Fridcs- wide were preserved in a beautiful shrine, in the chapel dedicated to her, but, on the change of religion, were horribly prolancd, being mingled with other bones and dispersed, that It might be impossible for the faithful to recognise them and pay them due honour.

OCT. la]

MENOLOGY.

SOS

V. Philip The Venerable Phiup Howarii was the son

"""ad °^ Thomas Howard, fourth Duke of Norfolk, by iS5»S- his first marria(»e with Mary Fitialan, daughter and co-htircss or the Earl of Arundel. He was born in the reign of Queen Mary, and at his baptism King Philip himself was his godfather ; but, noverlheless, he was bmujjht up as a Protestant By his father's arrangement, Philip was married, at a very tender age, to Anne Dacre, daughter and co-hcircss of Lord Dacre of the North, who, with her sisters, was a ward of the Duke'.% The attainder of Duke Thomas prevented his son's accession to the dignities of the house of Norfolk, but he was still young when he became Earl of Arundel, in virtue of his mother's right. Tor a length of time the Karl cnjo>'ed the special favour of Elizabeth, to whom he was ne;irly related in blood, and followed the follies and vices of her corrupt Court, to the great injury of his character as well as of his estate, cruelly neglecting his wife, and squandering his fortune. The question of religion was brought home to him by a disputation, at which he was present, between Fr. Campion and other priests and certain Protestant ministers. He soon saw how tlie truth lay ; but not feeling disposed to change his life, he endeavoured to banish the subject from his mind.

At length the grace of God reached his heart, and his resolution was taken, in which his brother William joined him, with the agreement that they should go to Flanders, and there remain till the times were more secure. Suspicions, however, were roused at Court, and the Earl was arrested and severely examined, though, as nothing could be proved, he was in the end released, and took the opportunity of being reconciled to the Church by Fr. Weston, the Jesuit His manner of life was now totally changed ; his conduct was henceforth blameless ; he became affectionately attentive to his wife, who had also become a C&thoUc. He devoted him- self to exercises of piety, and the frequent reception of the Sacraments. This reformation was so obvious, that the suspicions of the Court were confirmed, and his enemies resolved to make it the occasion of his ruin. Foreseeing this,

506

MEXOLOGV.

[ocrr. 10.

the Earl determined to carry out his original plan of rctinng to the Continent; but he had scarcely embarked when the vessel was stopped by order of the Council, and he was taken prisoner. This xvas in the year 1585, and then began that long confinement and series of hardships which ended only with his life, ten years later. He was frequently examined, and the chief charges against him were his attempt to leave the kingdom without the Queen's licence, and his reconciliation with the Church of Rome, The result was that he was fined ten thousand pounds, and sentenced to prison during the Queen's pleasure.

For some time he had considerable liberty within the Tower, and he and other Catholics conlrived to have Mass celebrated ; and as it was about the time of the Spanish Armada, tlie Earl persuaded some of the Catholic prisoners to join in prayer for twenty-four hour?, to avert the dangers threatening their fellow-Catholics, This was treacherously reported, and interpreted as a pra^vr for the success of tbe invasion, especially as he had often spoken with affection of his godfather King Philip. His trial for high treason followed, and, as a matter of course, his condemnation to death. The Ofder, however, for his execution was never given, and he was left to linger in prison, treated with great severity, and ne\'er ftllowed to sec his wife, towards whom Elizabetli had a violeat dislike. Nothing could be mure edifying than his conduct during this interval. His prayer was almost continual, his fastn frequent, his mcckne^ and charity most edifying, and his forgiveness of all was without reserve.

He studied and wrote, translated the Epistle of our Lord to the devout soul by Lansjiergius, and wrote several treatises himself, which, however, he was not able to complete. At length the time came when, worn out by the suffeiings of his prison, he was to j-ield up his soul to God, which he did with singular tranquillity and devotion, on the 19th October, 1595. By some it was susIX^cled that his death, which could in no case have been distant, was accelerated by poison. In the year 1624, his pious widow obtained permission from the Kinj to remove his venerated remains to Arundel.

OCT. 30.] MENOLOGY. ^^P 5«7

Si. Ethbin. Uart. Kent. ' Hitl. Lobtneiu. SainU dc BtcUtgnc.

t.»g. Tinm.. fot, afion; Cx^gt., fill. i., p. IJ7 ; Butlci's Lives of Um <yib; Nov. Leg., Tol. tun; Whitf. Saints. Add.: W.I Kid a: Chtl.

Sl Ftid«swide.

-d(*. I, 3. 5, 7. II. 130. b. e. 15. 41, LfE- Tinm., fbl. aj** : Capgf . foL jg. izoci : Nov. Lc^.. fol. 151b: WhitA

Marts. Rom., K (on Joih), L. M. P. Saf. : W. i and i \ Chal.

Q. Hist. Boll., vijl. XXXV.. p^ 3SJ ;

Lclund, CoIlKt., ■., p, J43. Ven. Philip Ho»-*rd. Hht. Ancient Life, edited by Henry Challonci'i Miiw PrioW*. vol. I. Qncvillc, Duke of Noclblk.

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

At Hexham, tfu defiosilmt of ST. ACCA, Confessor. Bisltop of Hexham.

St AcM, AcCA was brought up in the School of St.

^P'X.'d.'^" **"s^- Bishop of York, and his whole life gave 740- evidence of the virtuous and learned training he received there. He afterwards attached himself to St. Wilfrid, and became his constant attendant. He was with him in Fricsland and in Rome, and it was to him that the Saint confided the vision which he liad, when sick unto death at Meaux, predicting his restoration to his Sec, and his pa£^gc to clcniity after four years. Acca profited by these advan- tages, and became most learned in all the ecclesiastical sciences, while at the same time he grew in sanctity of lift On the death of St. Wilfrid, he succewled him as Bishop of Hexham, and greatly added to the splendour of that church l^ costly offerings of (jold and precious stones, and by the erection of chapels in honour of the Saints whose relics reposed there He \va» held in the highest veneration by St. Bcdc, who dedicated several of his works to him. For some reason not disclosed in history, he was banished from his diocese; nor docs it appear certain that he ever recovered possession of it. On his death, liowever, after fourteen years

5o8

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. ai.

of episcopate, he was most honountbly buried in his own church, and a noble tomb was erected over his remains. Three centuries later, in consequence of a revelation made to a certain holy priest, these sacred relics were disinterred, and found to be incorrupt and beautiful, and u-crc translated with the honour due to a Saint

Leg. V,-k\it.A4i.i\\'.i and3;CtuI.

HUt Bed^ v.. aoL

Eddi SKpb. Vlu S. Wil.. c. u.

Richard of Hnhom, i., c 14 and tj

(in Sutteei. vii. xliv.). Anglia Sacia. t.. p. G^Gl

THE TWENTY-FIRST DAY.

At Cologne, tAe passim 0/ SS. Ursuui and htr COM- PANIONS. Virgins and Martyrs.

ireinB, MM.,

A.D. 450 c.

SS. Ursula These most illustrious Martyrs have been for *"vi>K^fc '' "i^ny ages the objects of extraordinary veneration throughout Western Christendom, and, neverthe- less, very few particulars of their tine history can be ascertained. It is agreed that tbey came from Great Britain, perhaps cscapini; from the invasion of the pagan English; thai, under the conduct of Ursula, they arrived at Cologne, where ihcy received the crown of martyr- dom, at the hands of the Huns, in defence of their chastity, and for their fidelity to their Christian profcsaon. In other respects the various legends differ considerably from one another, and it is impossible to say that any version can be taken as authentic. The narrative now read in the Divine Oflicc in the dioceses of England, with the sanction of the Holy Sec. tells us "that when Attila and his Huns were retreating after their defeat in Gaul, before crossing the Rhine they captured Cologne, then a flourishing Christian city, and that the first victims of their fury were Ursula and her British followers. They offered a determined resistance to the attempts of the barbarians, and were all put to a cruel death, some by the sword, others being shot with arrows or crushed with beams of wood, Ursula all the while encouraging them

OCT. 91.]

MENOLOGY.

509

and leading them to victory. When the Huns hitd retired, the people of Cologne collected their sacred remains, and buried them with honour in the place where they fell. About two centuries later a church was erected over them, to which, in course of time, a monaster)- was attached. This church, frequently restored in tJie course of successive ajes. remains to the present time ; and there may be seen 111 the cavities of the walls, and especially in the choir, as well as beneath the pavement and in an adjoining oratory, multitudes of these sacred relics, which in former times of greater piety were the object of frequent pilgrimages."

The festival of this day, in ancient calendars, is often noted as the feast of the Eleven Thousand Virgins, and the number of 1 1,000 seems to be inseparably connected with the tradition. To account for so great a multitude, it has been suggested by tlie Botlandists and others, as not improbable, that the number includes not only St Ursula and her com- munity, but the other Christians, who suBered at the same time. CORDULA is commemorated apart from iJie rest on the following day in the Roman Martyrology. She is said to have concealed herself, ^vhiIe her sisters were undergoing their martyrdom, but to have repented the next day, and given herself up to the executioners, and so to have shared in their glorious crown.

We find a certain number of the holy Virgins mentioned by name in various calendars and martyrologica ; but it may be supposed that these names were given to them, for the sake of distinction, when their relics were separated from the rest, and translated, for separate veneration, in the same manner as is done to the present day. in the case of nameless Martyrs discovered in the Roman Catacombs. The name of St. Odilia, however, one of the number, is said to have been declared by special revelation to a holy man. Tlie festivals of some of these are marlcod as follows : —

At Cfilcgne, St. ANTONINA, 15th January. At St. Amand, translation of three holy VV., MM.. r7th May.

510

rOOT*. 92.

At R/ne», Utrecht, ST. CUKERA, 12th June.

At Ruremond, St. Ouilia, l8th July.

At Coiegftt, St. Aones, aSth August.

At Cologw, St. Benedicta, 5th October.

At Coiognt, St. Aurelia, igth October.

At Cologne. ST. Constantia, 19th November.

At Coiognt, St. Lucy, 23rd November.

At Co/ogtu, St. FlORENTINA, 6th December.

At ColcgHi, S& Grata and Gkei^okia, 24th December.

C«Il 1, ). 3. 4- 5> 7. "< »^ 37< 39. 9*. '-'«■■ Englirii Suppl. Brev.

05. Tinm.. fol. i6in: Nov-. Leg., Cat,

Mftt. Rom., F, H, I. K. P. Q. 361^ : W. 1 and a ; Chal.

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

At Rouen, in Nonnandy, the Hepositi^n of Si. MELLOH, *" MEI.AKIUS, Confessor, and first liisJiop of timt city.

St. ueuoo. The Acts of St. Mellon relate that he was

A.IX ' ^"^"^ '" ^^^^^ Britain, probably at CardiflT, of noble %n. parents, and that he was sent, while yet young, in company with others, to bear the tribute of the island to the Roman Emperor. While at Rome he fell in with the Pope St Stephen, who converted him from paganism, baptised him, and in the course of time conferred oa him the order of the priesthood.

Mellon had a vision, witnessed also by the Pope, com- manding him to go and preach the Gospel in Ncustria, or Normandy. He set out in obedience to the heavenly sum- mons, and received in an extraordinarj' d^rrec the gift of miracles, for the accomplish mcnt of his work. Through his unwearied zeal and courage, and the many undeniable wonders wrought by him, the Faith of Christ made rapid progress in Rouen, and the Saint was happily coaitrained to erect a number of churches for their service. Mellon governed his church for many years, and when he felt his end approach- ing, retired to a solitary spot, where before long an Angel was

OCT. 23.]

S'l

sent to convey to him the happy message or his speedy deliverance. The sacred remains of the Saint wtre buried at Koucn, where the Church of Su Gcrvais was afloruards buih, but were translated to Pontoise during the incursions of the Northmen. !n the time of the great Revolution they were lost, with so many other precious treasures of devotion, which then irrecoverably perished.

Mitrt. Kom. L<f. Tinin., fol. sfian ; Capgr., toU

igob ; Nov. Let;., 'i^'- ^^V*- Vt.i mdt; Chal.

THE T^V■ENTY-THIRD DAY.

jif Rumscy, in Hampihire, the cpmmemoratioH of St, Elfleda. Virgin and Abbess. — At York, the passion of the VaurabU TitOMAS Thwinc, Priest, zvho suffered a blessed tnartyrdom in the reign of Charles If.

St Eifledft, St. Elkleda was the daughter of the Earl ^■' jfS^" Ethelwold, who founded the Abbey of Rumsey in 930 c the reign of Edward the Elder. The King in- terested himself in the pious undertaking, and induced St. Menvenna to charge herself with the government of the house and the formation of a community of holy women. Elfleda became one of her first disciples, and so greatly profited by the training of her holy mistress, that she was considered worthy to be chosen Abbess in due time, and acquired the reputation of eminent sanctity. She was buried in the Abbey Church, near her beloved mistress.

TItc Ic^tivaJ of Su Elfleda l> placed on ifiis d>}'. on the nupiiocicion thai ihcitthc same Saint w JEtMJifda, F..in the Calendar of Ncwminslct, and u tht one ihDS cnictcd in the MutyrolopM L, Vi, and Q, ".Von" RincaJe — Stc. Allfode, v., Abb.-'.

V. ThwuM The Venerable Thomas Thwino belonged to

a"6 ' *" ancient family of Yorkshire, and was born at

1680. Heworth, near the city of York. He studied and

received Orders at Douay College, and was sent on the

Mission in 1665. He laboured, apparently in his nali%-c

yia

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. 34.

countty, for fifteen years ; but, on the breaking out of Oates* plot, was apprehended on the information of two worthless men, who had been discharged from the service of his uncle, for their frauds and bad conduct. They accused the good priest of having conspired n-ith his uncle, Sir Thomas Gascoignc, and other gentlemen, to kill the King, and extirpate the Protestant rcligjon. Their evidence was so In- credible that the laymen were acquitted, but Tbwing was tried and condemned for high treason. He was reprieved for a time, but afterwards executed, on an order from the Council, [n a speech which he made at the gallows, he cleared himself of all treason, though he admitted that he could not take the oath of allegiance, as it was then worded He also owned his priesthood, and declared his charity towards all. His last words were: "Sweet Jesus, receive my soul ".

St. Elflcdii. V. Thomax Thwing.

Cal. IJ. ifufLChallonci'KMiu. PrioBU,vol.iL

Marti. L. M, Q. PHnud Trial and Speech.

Lt[. Tlnm.. tot tCjm Capgi., fbl. Aichiv. 'VTcwnoo., xxxiv., p. G61.

9ih: Kev. Leg., fel. it6a; WhHl

Add.; \V. I Midi: Cbml. hitl. Malniub. Pont.. iL. ) ;&. Dii|^Ale'* MonuL. ii.. p. 306.

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY.

/« //ft- is/afi(i of Jersey, tfu df/wiition of St. MagloIRE, Bishop and Confessor.

Se.MM;lo(r«, St. MaglOIRK was a native of Great Oritain, ^A-O*' ^"^ * cousin of St. Samson, whose fellow -student 5*6- he also was in the Monastery of St. Iltut. After his education, ^fagloire returned to his family, and remained with them, till Sain.son chanced to pay them a visit, and spoke so movingly of the things of God, that Magloirc resolved to leave the world, and attach himself to his saintly- cousin. From that time they became inseparable companions. They shared !n the same labours and austerities, in the same

OCT. a*.]

MENOLOGY.

S»3

pious exercises and spiritual joy^ ; and when Samson left his own country for Brittany, Magloire was stillhis associate in the Monastery of DAle, and his fellow-worker in the govern- ment of the diocese. On the death of St. Samson, Magloirc was chosen to succeed him ; and although then advanced in age, discharged his duties with great vigour for several years, until God made known to him that he might lawfully satisfy his desire to abandon his chaise, and live in re- tirement.

He had the consolation of seeing 5t Budoc appointed to succeed him, and then withdrew, first to a small dwelling in the neighbourhood, but eventually to the Isle of Jcmcy, where a rich nobleman, whom he had healed of a fearful leprosy, gave him a large possession to found an abbey. This was accordingly done, and a fervent community soon gathered round the Saint. His presence was a blessing to the island, and the people received continual benefits from his miracles and deeds of charity. During the great pestilence of 585, the number of perishing poor he assisted was a subject of admira- tion to all, God coming to his aid hy a miracle when natural resources failed. In his latter days, tlic Saint appeared already an inhabitant of heaven rather than of earth, and scarce ever left the church or ceased from prayer. An Angel came to foretell the day of his death ; and it was on the 24tli October that, surrounded by his brethren, he was called to hts reward. The body of St Magloirc was buried in Jersey, but removed in the ninth century to Dinan, and from that to Paris in the times of Hugucs Capet, Their resting-place at the time of the Revolution was the church which bore his name. They are now placed, intermingled with other relics, in the Church of St James, du Haut Pas. The festival of Sl Magloire is observed in all the dioceses of Brittajiy.

Cat. llolonu* (add. to L'suard).

UarU. Rom., E, G, L, Q. R.

Ltg. Tinm.. fol. 261I1 ^ CipKT.. (bl.

[Szi 1 Nov. teg., rol. xiil/i WbilL

Mi.i W. laBdiidul.

33

Hist. I^obineau, Saint» dc Bielagne. i, , ^ 338 (with vaitous luthoriUea),

h

5M

MENOLOGY.

[ocT.:25, as.

THE TWENTY-FIFTH DAY.

TAt translation of St. John OF Beverlev. Bisfui> and Confessor, and ttte day on w/tich Uis festival is now ffbstrved in Engtand. His deposition is an the flh of May,

Cats, t, a, tj. Marls. Q, R.

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

Tfi^ ftstival of St. Eadfrid. CoHfissor.—At Hexham, the deposition of St. Eat A, Bishop of that See and Confess^. — At Canterbury, tlu deposition of t/te holy Ardihishop Ctttk- bert.

St EMl/rid, The name oF this Saint Kas been found in one ^^;* calendar only (Cotton MSS.. NeroA. H.), which 67s c. appears to be of South English origin, and to be written in the tcnlU or early in the eleventh century. The Saint is supposed to be Eadfrid the Northumbrian priest, who visited Mcrcia, effected the conversion of Mere^vald, and preached the Gospel to his subjects. The Priory of Leo- minster was founded for him, and he was nominated its fint Superior. In the legend he is called the Bhssed Eadfrid, and it is added, that " by his teaching the grace of the true light first shone " on that people.

St E*ta. Eata was one of the twelve English youths

AC^ whom St Aidan. on his first coming into North- Ms umbria. chose to be his especial disciples, to be carefully trained in religious and monastic discipline. In the course of time he became Superior of the Monastery of Old Melrose, a dependency of that of Lindisfame, and in this office had the chaise of the early education of the great St Cuthberl. When St. Colman, after the conference of Whitby, thouyhl fit to retire from his diocese, he obtained the appoint- ment of Eata to be Abbot of Lindisfame, and thither he betook himself, taking with him his beloved disciple Sl Cuthbcrt to the same place. The division of the vast

OCT. ae.]

MENOLOGY.

515

diocese took place, wh«n St Wilfrid was expelled from York by King Egfrid, and Eata was consecrated by St. Theodore the Metropolitan, as Bishop of the northern portion, with his Sec at Hexham or Lindisfame. On a further subdivision, Trumbert was appointed to Hexham, and Eata definitely fixed to Lindisfame ; and so things remained, until at the Synod of Twyford St. Cutlibert was compelled to receive the episco- pate, and then, as he manifested a preference for Lindtsfainc, St. F.J.13 willingly left it to him, and himself became Bishop of Hexham, from which office Trumbert was already deposed. Here the Saint remained for the rest of his days, in the persevering exercise of his sacred functions. We are told that he was "a mostf reverend man, and of all men the most meek and simple ". He was buried in his Cathedral Church, and a stone chapel erected over his body, which at a later period was taken up and honourably enshrined.

Cuthbert. Cuthbcrt was the fifth Bishop of Hereford, acitt

Jld"' ' '" ^^'^ administration of that diocese showed 758- great piety and zeal. Some verses, which he in- scribed on the tombs of his predecessors, arc still preserved. On his promotion to the Church of Canterbury, he availed himself of his extended authority, to labour still more effectu- ally for the glory of God. He lived in intimate correspondence with his fellow-countryman St Boniface, the Apostle of Ger- many. It was by his persuasion and with the co-operation of King Ethclbald that he assembled the Council of Clovcshoc, in which many admirable canons were agreed upon for the government of tbe Church, all of which were gi'catly com- mended by the holy Martyr, who desired that the closest relations should be maintained between the Churches of England and Germany. After governing his Church during seventeen years, the hoty man was seized with bis last sickness in A.D. 758, and was called to his reward on tbe 26th Oi:tober. To prevent disputes between the monk.s of the Cathedral and those of St. AugU8tine'.t, he ordered that no solemn ohscquics should be observed on his death, and he was privately buried in the Church of St. John the Baptist, which he had built by the Cathedral.

5i6 MENOLOGY. [OCT. i37. 2a

St. Eadfrid. Cat. 61. Hill. GoKctln's Lib of SL MUbuigB,

(Lcland., Collect.. i..p. i6g);Jannti (Lconinsler}. SL Eau. Ltg. Tinm.. fd. 315*: Capgr., fol. Hiil. Bcdi, tk, c. 3£: iv., c IS. 37. H^; Nov. Leg., U. 99a; W. t a&i v.. c. a.

Uid 3 : Chal.

C'whbert. Lrg. Chal. [3^ Sept.). Miit. Flor., A.D. 758; MkUnoh,

Pant., >., f 84 ; iv., { tbj. Dau> coriecxed ooMtding to Hadilon and Stulibs.

THE TWHNTY-SEVENTH DAY.

-^/StBurians, in Cfm^va//, tlteholy OTcw<»/;y(»/'ST. Burlaw, Virgin, the day o/w/wse deposition is not known.

51. Burijui,V., St. BURIAN was an Irish Virgin, who fixed ^^1 her abode in Cornwall, and led a life of holy No Day. solitude. She built an orator>', and was burie " there, after her bleaaed course was run. Kin^ Athelstan,^ on his return from the reduction of the Scilly Isles, erected a Collegiate Church on the spot, to which certain privileges were granted.

Lig. W. I and 1; Chd. /fill. Lcland. Itin.. iu., ^ 18.

DugJ- Monafl., vl., p, 1448. Tannct, p. 6;.

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

At Winchester, the pious death of King Alfreo the Great.— .^r Canterbury, thi deposition of S>X. ILKDSlV^Ardi- bishop and Confessor.

Alfred the The memory of the great King Alfred hi ito*' ^^*^'' '^**" ^*''' '" especial veneration by Ae' 901- English people, on account of his virtues, his xeal for religion and good learning, and the innumerable benefits^ he rendered to the nation, both in peace and in war.

OCT. ae.i

MENOLOGY.

51?

St. Eadsin, Eadsin, who 13 dso called Edsius and Edsigb,

^^"a'd"^*' "^^ chaplain to the Danish King Harold, and was

105a consecrated Bishop of Winchesler. On the death

of Ethelnoth, he was promoted to the Metropolitan Sec of

Canterbury, where he was held in great veneration for his

piety and hw aervices in the eause of religion.

When the Danish line closed with the death of Hardi- Canute, Eadsin laboured much and successfully for the restoration of the English succession, and had the consolation of crowning with his own hands St Edward the Confessor in Winchester Cathedral The holy man, in consequence of failing- health, resigned his archbishopric some years before liis death, and gave up his soul to God, with the reputation of great sanctity, in the year of Christ 1030, on the 28th October.

Kin j AIIM. St. Eodrin.

Ltg. W. I and a (c&Iled BlcMcd and Ltg. W. t and i ; Chal. Saint). flitt, Malmctb. Pont, i.. S tt.

Flor., A.n, lojH. Hcnty of Hunt., a. d. £050. Gervaw. Act. Portt.(TwVBden, p. 1651).

THE TWENTY-NINTH DAY.

At Canterbury, f/u (Upositu»i of St. Ethelnoth, Con- ftssor and Archbishop.

St, Etheuioth, Ethelnoth, or Egilnoth, was Dean (such

^'*A.*D°''' ^*^" ^cm^ the title) of the Cathedral Church of 1038, Canterburj' ; and though there were then many excellent and learned men in the English Church, he was so eminent among his contemporaries as to have won, by com- mon consent, the appellation of the Good. The Danish dynasty being now established on the throne, and King Canute converted to the Faith, the Church enjoyed greater tranquillity than for many years past Ethelnoth, who was promoted to the Metropolitan diocese on the death of Living, also called Ethclstan, was greatly in favour with the new sovereign, and used his influence in the service of religion.

5iS

MENOLOGY.

[OCT. sa

Throtigh hit) suggestion, various pious foundations were promoted, and the King's liberality felt, not only in England, but abroad, as notably by the great sanctuary of the Cathedral of Chart res.

Ethclnoth went to Rome for the pallium, which was eon- fcrred on him with great honour by Pope Benedict Vtll, who also confirmed the ancient privileges of his Sec. Among the many good works of this great prelate may be menlioned the solemn translation of the relics of St. Elphege. his martyred predecessor, from St Paul's in London, where they had hitherto reposed, to the Cathedral of Canterbury. AO. 1023. Ethelnolh governed his church for about eighteen years, and, full of merits, was called to his reward on the 39th October. 1038.

Ltg. W. t and 1 ; Chal. Hitt, Malmcabt Pont., i., f 81, Malmub. Rc);., ii., } 1S4.

PIOC., A.D. lOjB.

Sim. Dunelm., a.d. toio and 1038

(Twyxl., pp. 177. 180). Ccn'aBC. Act. Pont. (Twytd.. p. lOjo).

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

At Winchester, (he passion cf the VenerabU JOHN SiADE, Schwhnasler, Martyr undtr Elisabeth.

V.John This zealous Martyr was a native of Dor

A*b ' shire, who. after his rudimcntal education in En^ 1583- land, went to the College at Douay, and studied canon and civil law as a convictor, or student living at his own charge. Returning to England, SlaoK found little or no opportunity of exercising his talent in the taw, and took up the profession of schoolmaster. His leal in defending the ancient religion led to his arrest; and his condemnation, as well as that of John Body, who was tried at the same time, is said to be mainly due to Cooper, the newly promoted Protestant Dishop of Winchester. The sole accusation brought against Stade was that of denying the Quccn*s spiritual supremacy and maintaining that of the Pope. For this he was sentenced to the penalties of high treason, and sufTered at Winchester.

OCT. 31.] MEKOLOGY. SJ9

Viil. Bfidgwater's Concenaiio. fol. Arcliir.We«tnion.,in.,p.34t> Cbamp-

lojfr- ney. p. 777.

Ctiftllonci'a MiM. Priciu, vol. i.;

THE THIRTY-FIRST DAY.

At t/u Abbey of Fosse, /« //k dixise o/ f.iigt, the passion of St. I'oiLAN. Bishop ami Martyr. — /« l/u kingdom of Northumbria, tht depcsitiOH of St. liEGA, Virgin.

St Foilan, St. Foilan was a narivc of Ireland, and came ^%'d"*" ^^''''^ "^'^ brothers, St. Furscy and St. Ultan, into 65* c England, where they founded the religious house of Burghcastle, in Suffolk. When St. Fursey retired to the Continent, he left St. Foilan and others to govern in his stead. In the course of time he also Icf^ England, and established the Monastery of Fosse, on a site given to him by St. Gertrude of Nivicllc. He was consecrated Bishop by Pope Martin I., with a commission lo preach to tlie inSdels. In the zealous exercise of this work he received the crown of martyrdom at their hands,

St Bceji, v.. St. Begh, or Bee (in Latin Bega), was of

_jj*j.p', Irish parentage, and fled to England to escape a marriage which her parents had planned for her, having the holy purpose of consecrating her vii^inity to God. On her first landing, she is said to have found refuge on the promontory still known as St Bee's Head, in Cumbciland, where in after-years there \kss a cell of monks, depending on the .'\bbcy of St. Mary's, in York. Bcga received the religious habit from the Bishop St. Aidan, and is reported to have been the first so professed in Britain. The subsequent history of her life is unknown, unless she be the same with St Hieu, or the Be^'u, mentioned by St. Bcde, as some have supposed.

The BolkndiM). aitei Leland in hit CalUttitnta, consider ihat B«ga. Hieu, and Hcgu .irc oiic and (Kb Hinie pcr»on. principoll}' on the ground that the Lift of Dcga uyk the wsi the lint to receive (he veil in Biitain, and EMc Myt of Hieu that »hc wi^t the (irsl in the Kingdom of th« NuittiuinWiaiii, snd both frotn Sl Aidan. Bcdc, htrnxva, may haw meant ih»i Micu viu the fii*t

520 MENOLOGY. [OCT. 81.

Northumbrian to be bo clothed, Begi. being a native of Irdand. The same Bollandista hold that Bega eitablished four houses in succesuon — the fiist in Couplandia, i.i., St. Bees, in Cumberland ; the KCOnd at Haitlepool ; the third at Tadcaster ; and the fourth at Hackness. The lecond and third are attributed by Bede to Hieu; but he expressly states that the convent at Hacknew was founded by St. Hilda the year before her death. Begu, the aged religious at Hacknesa, who had a vision of St. Hilda's happy passage to heaven, may have been St. Bega, but it is scarcely likely tbat it could be Hieu without Bede's giving some indication that it was the same person whom he had before called by another name. The story of St. Bega in Norway is pronounced by the Bollandists to be utterly without foundation. — Vid. titfra, Bega, Hien (3ath May).

St. Foilan. St. Bega.

Ltg. Tinm., fol. 2640; Capgr,, fol. Cal. 7,

116A; Nov. Leg., fol. 1494; Whitf. L;^. Aberdeen Brev. (depos. 31 OcL);

Add.; W. I and a; ChaL W. i and a; ChaL

Hiil. Beda, iii., c. ig. Hist. Bolt., vol. xli., p. 649. Gallia Christiana; Mabill.

NOVEMBER.

THE FIRST DAY.

Tlu soUttmity cf AL'L SaINTS, in ■wltost dlesstd company art found those many holy Martyrs, Confessors, Virgins, and Widmvs, wk« in this land, or bthnging to our race, have, by Iheir faithful serviit and good cenfessioH, merited to recetire the heavettly crown at the hands of tfw Just Judge.

THE SECOND DAY.

At Andovcr, th€ passion of tfu VmeraMe JOHK BODV, Layman, avvmid with martyrdom for his seal in promoting tkt Catholic religion.

V. John Body, The Venerable John Body was bom at Wells, ^^' in Somersetshire, his father being a wealthy mcr* 15^ chant, and some time mayor of that city. Tb« Martyr took the degree of Master of Arts at New Coll^je, Oxford ; but. by reason of his religious difficulties, quitted his iTOfldly prospects, and went to Douay College, where he lived as a convictor or independent student. Returning to his o^-n country, the zeal which he manifested for the Catholic Faith led to his apprehension, and he was tried at Winchester at the same time with John Sladc. His condemnation fol- lowed in the luual manner, and Andovcr was assigned as the place of his execution. As he was dragged on the hurdle to the gallows, an honest old man, seeing his head continually striking on the rough stones, offered him Iiis cap as a protec- tion. Body refused, with thanks, to accept it, as he said be was just " going to offer his head, life, and all for his Saviour's

i

4

521 PENOLOGY. [NOV.

sake' He protested publicly that he suffered only for dcn>-ing the Queen's spiritual sopnmacy, and that he was guilty of no trcafion, unless to iKar Ma» and $ay tire Haj^ Mary were such. It is said that the Mutj-r's mother, hcarinjH of her son's happ\- death, made a great feast on the occa- sion, to which she inWtcd her neighbours, rejoicing at his death 05 his marriage. b>- which his soul was happily and^ eternally espoused to the Lamb. ,-

Hilt. Challon»'i MlM. Mi«tt, »ot. i. Aichhr. Westmoa.. Si., p. 341 ;

Stowe. pp. 65. 11&

Conccnitio, fot. 103b. Aichh-. Wntmoa , Clunipncr, p. 777.

1

THE THIRD DAY.

d

At Holywell, in Flintifiire. tlu festhai of ST. WlNEFRiU^ Virgin and Martyr, whpst dtf^sMon is on tk€ 22nd of jHne.^^ At Cantcrburj-, tlu festival of St. Vulg.\NIUS, Hermit an^ Conftssor.—In Wales, tlu festival of ST. ClytaK, King and_ Martyr.

J

St Wtocfrid. Wchavcnoancicnt Actsoftliismostlllustric A.D ' MartjT, the generally received account being that 600c written by Robert Prior of Shrewsbury at the time of the translation of her sacred relics from Guthcrin to his own abbey in the year 1138. This autlior relates what he could gather concerning the Saint's life, partly from manu- script sources, but mainly, as it would seem, from oral tradi- tion. He tells us thai the father uf Wincfrid was named Thcrith, one of the chief nobility of North Wales ; but from her infancy she showed an inclination for the religious state, which her parents carefully fostered, placing her under ^^*\_ care of her uncle, St. lieuno, who had built a church at flH near the plnccnow called Holywell. After his death, Wincfrid entered the Monastery of Gutherin, and lived under the guid- ance of St. Elerius and the Abbess Theonia. where she abode in eminent sanctity, and where her sacred remains wq deposited, and preserved till Uieir lran.slation to Shrewsbu(

NOV. a]

MENOLOGY.

523

in tlic Uvclfth centur)'. St. Winefrid has o'cr been venerated, not only as a. religious Virgin, but as a Martyr ; and it is agreed that she suffered in defence of her chastitj' by the sword of Prince Caradoc. who, in his rage that she should escape his criminal pursuit, struck oft her head at a single Wow.

Prior Robert relates, from tradition, that this took place when the Saint was living at Molywcll, that the wonderful fnunfain which bears her name sprang up on the spot where her head fell, that she was restored to life in answer to the prayers of St. Beuno, and afterwards went to Guthcrin. and there closed her days in peace. Others, however, consider this version of the story not to be sufficiently authenticated ; and while granting that miracles no less marvellous have occurred to God's scr\'ants, think it more probable that her martyrdom took place at Guthcrin, and dosed her holy life, and that the holy well was dedicated to her memory on account of her former residence in the neighbourhood, or for sonfic other special reason.

The translation to Shrewsbury took place with great solemnity, and was accompanied with many miracles. Indeed, St. Winefrid has ever been distinfiuishcd for the number of miraculous favours she has obtained for her clients. Her well has always been a favourite place for devout pilgrimages, even in the limes of the fiercest pcr-tiecution of the Catholic religion, and so continues to the pre.';cnt day. Many arc the cures obtained by bathing in the holy well, and not a few have been recorded and attested in the most indisputable manner.

In the year 1 391, Thomas Anindd, Archbishop of Canter- bury, ordered the festival of St Winefrid to be observed on this day throughout the province.

^B The MS. Lift o^Sr. Wimfrii in ihc CottonUn Libiuy ii thought to be

^H pciot to that of Robctt. and not to have been «i:cn by him.

^^^ St. Elcnivk, whouc name occurs in the Hlilory of Si. WiatfrlJ, wu ^^■■pdy i-encratcd in Nonli Walei. He is suppowd 10 ha^-e studied at the ^^HpMe now cnllod St. Anapli, and fotmilcd a ^Mge raonnirxy in lh« V«l« of ^^FClu'd. Tlic <lt.J or hi* fesiiv«l i» nel knuun. He wm buiicd nt Guihciin. ^K Theonu the Abbenit i« alw mentioned as a Saint in »ome Uter muiyr- olo^ea, bat there ia no proof that such honoim were paid to htti.

5^

MENOLOGY.

[NOV. 4.

StVuiganiua, St. VuLCANlUS is stated io some ancient ^^" records to have been a native of Great Britain, 7^c. but it is more probable liiat he was in reality an Irishman. He went over to the Continent, and ted a solitary life in Artois. The cell in which he lived and died is not far from the Abbey of St Vcdast, in Arras^ He preached the Faith to the people, and by some authors is called a Bishop. The Collegiitc Church of Lens is dedicated to him. and he is regarded as the Patron of that place. Hii festival was observed at Canterbury, as ntiay be supposed, on account of some conspicuous relic possessed by that church.

St. Wmcfrid. Cflfj. I, 3.4, 91. Uartt, Rom.. L, Q. Ligr. Tinm., fol j68i; Capsr.< fol.

nib; Nov. l^K-.tohtgat-.y/mf.

Sit.; W. I andj; CJiil. Hlfl- Prior Robeit'k Lif« (Eng. tnw>».}. Lcliuiil.de. Scrip.

Si. EltciuK. L4g. W, I Md a; Ctial. (13 Janc|.

Theofria. Ldg. Glial, (ij June).

Sc Vulganiu*.

Colt. 10,41, 103.

Lrg. W. [ and 3 i Chftl. {3 Nov.),

Sc. Clyiaa CaL si.

THE FOURTH DAY.

/« f/ie dicccse of Rouen, t/u passiott cf ST. ClarUS, Priut and Martyr. — ^/I/ Winchester, thehciy memory 0/ St. BlRSTAN, Bishop and Confessor.

St. Clurus, St. ClaRUS was an Eiiglishin.an of high birth,

""^'j^Q *"" who, in order to separate him.%eLf more completely 6WorSMc. from the world, left his own country, and settled in Neustria, or Normandy. It appears that he was then ordained priest, and by the sanctity of his life attracted many persons to his cell, to whom he would speak of the truths of salvation with great efficacy and benefit to their souK Having fled to a forest to avoid the pursuits of a wicked and power- ful woman, he was by her order tr.ickcd and murdered by two assassins, and so died a Martyr of chastity.

Sl Clarus was greatly venerated, not only in the province of Normandy, where his shrine was richly adorned, but aim

NOV. 4.]

MENOLOGY.

S2S

in the neighbourhood of Paris, whither his head has been translated.

The dAlc of Si. CUrd* i* variously pUeed in ihe seventh and in the ninth centutics, and ihcie loein la be no means of determining whicJi iti ihc tiue one. It .ippeiiiit ihai ihcjc wat angihcr ii^. Claiut, a Martyi, in the diocexe of Rcuen, in the neighboufhoud of Vcxin. He i* suppoccil to liAvc li%«l in the thiid century, vid i« piobsbly tbc one incntioncd in chc Roium Marlymlogy on this day,

SL Birrtan, ST. BiRSTAN (also called BR1ST.\N and BriN- '''a.e^ " STAN) was consecrated by St. FritJiestane, A.D. 934 c- 932, the year before he died, to succeed him as (Bishop of Winchester. He was a man of spotless holiness rcf life, and most remarkable for his charity towards the [faithful departed and the suffering poor on earth. It was his custom daily to celebrate a Mass of Requiem for the holy souls, and at night to visit the cemeteries, and recite many psalms on their behalf. On one occasion, as he concluded these devotions witli die words Raptitsumt in pace, he had the consolation of hearing tbc Amen in response, uttered by & host of voices, as of the dead speaking from their graves. It was also his practice each day to aiucmble a number of poor persons, to wash their feet, and to scnc them at table, without assistance and without witnesses. When this chari- table office was ended, he would retire to his chamber, and pass hours in solitary- prayer.

One day he did not reappear at the usual hour ; but it caused little surpri.se, as his prolonged devotions were well known to bis household ; but on the next morning his at- tendants forced open the door, ami found that the Saint had tranquilly expired, without any previous illness. He was buried in his church, without any signs of unusual rcvensnce on the part of the people, in whom this sudden death seemed to have cancelled the impression thej* had of his sanctity. Many years after this event, as St, Ethclwold, then Bishop of Winchester, was praying before the relics oi the Saints, St Birjitan appeared to him, in company with St. Birinus and St. Swithin, and told him that, as he enjoyed equal glory rvith them in heaven, it was the will of God that he should receive

MENOLOGY.

equal honour on earth. His translation was accordingly cele- brated with great triumph, and thus reparation was made for the neglect with which he had been treated for some time.

The xnccdoursof the holy Mulc arc RUrlbuiod by*9iBewtiierB to St. Fritbe- ■une. We bnx rollowcct Malmeabt)!)'.

St. Clani«. MmU. e. g. p. q. r.

I.ig. TinBi.,fol. »73t; Capgr. [burnt);

Nov. L.CK.. fol. 39-); WhitC Add.;

W. 1 and 1 i Chal. Hist. Alfoid's Annals. KB. tM,

St. Bittun. Cah. It. 15.47.95. Uttrti. II. L, M, Q. Lig. Whitf. Su.: W. I Hid ) : ClaL Htil. Malnuab. Pom., il., ( 7j. Simeon Dunclm. (Twj-mI. Col., 154],

THE FIFTH DAY.

In llu North of England, tfte holy memory of HEREmiD, eaUed the man of Cod.

Hcrefrid, C. A.D.

No particulars are Icnowit of dii^ sen-ant of _„ God, except the j*car of his deposition, which is No Day. recorded by the Continuator of St Bcdc in terras which show how greatly he was revered in his day. In the Liber Vita: Dunehn. <Surtccs' Col., p. 6), we find mentioned Herefrid the hermit and Hcrcfrid the Abbot, cither of whom may be this holy man.

t.tg. Cbal. (1 jBngK Mtrt. Contin. of B«de.

THE SIXTH DAY.

At Caer-Gubi. in tlu liU of AngUsey, the festival 6f ^1. KVBI, Bishop and Conftssor. — At Wormhood, in the cm- fitus of t'landerf, the deposition of ST. WlNNOC, AMot and Confessor.

GL ^^ or St. Kvui was the son of Saloman, King of

BoT Corf Urittany, and member of a family which produced

A.D. several Saints in the Church of God. Kybi early

****■ in life devoted himself to the ecclesiastical state,

and is said to have been consecrated Bishop by St Hilary of

Aries ; but he fl(»l from the honours due to him in his own

NOV. a] MENOLOGY. 527

country, and visited Great Britain and Ireland. Finally he settled himself in Anglesey, and became the Apostle of that island, where he ended hti days in peace.

St. Winnoc St. Winnoc was a native of the Continental ^^'a.^"*^" Brittany. a"d nearly related to the King. St. 7>7- Judicael, and to St. Jossc. His earliest years were marked by singular innocence and piety, and a desire to embrace a life of Christian perfection. He gained to the same holy views several companions of high rank ; and then, in order to rid himself of worldly impediments, passed over to England, where he wa.-i joined by his friends. This journey, and the observance of his festival in some of our ancient calendars, enable us to place him among the Saints connected with Great Britain. These devout youths after a while returned to the Continent, and in the end put themselves under the direction of St. Bcrtin in his Monastery of Sithia, afterwards St. Omers. This holy mar, .-sccinB thai the strangers were called to a more retired life than that of a great monastery, allowed them to build a little dwelling for themselves, not far from Sithia, on the spot now called Bcrg> St.-Winnoc. Here they lived crucified to the world, till obedience called Winnoc to another field of labour. St Berlin had accepted from a certain rich man the gift of lands at Wormhood, and Winnoc was commissioned to undertake the chaise of building a monastery and a hospice at that place. To this work he devoted the remainder of his days with ardent ical, labouring with his own hands so assiduously, as to seem a miracle to all beholders. In his government he showed himself a faithful imitator of Him Who said : " Learn of Me. for I am meek and humble of heart". He was called to his eternal rest on the 6th November, 717. The miracles of this great servant of God have been innumerable, and the reverence of the faithful people has been great in proportion. At the time of the Norman ravages in the ninth age, the reltcs of St. Winnoc were translated to St- Omers, and at a later period to Berg.

$38

MENOLOGY.

[NOV. 7.

SI. Kfbi. CaU. 9t, 51 (on }th]. Leg. Tinm.i fol. tijb; Capgr., Eol.

■6]£i Nov. Leg., fol. lejA; Wbitl

Aild.; W. 1; Choi, ifijt. Lobineau, Siinii dv Btctagne,

I. p. Jj.

S«. Winnoc.

Caii, 63, es.

Jforlj. Rom., I, L, M, Q.

L^g. W. I An6 1 : Chnl.

i/»r. Ufibill., Acta SS. Bdtcd., see

ill. l.abincAU, Siinu dc GrcUtgne. ii.ip.

189.

THE SEVENTH DAY.

At Cungrcsbury. t« Somerset, and at t/u Abbey of Docunus, in Ghmergansftin, the hciy mtmory vf ST. CUN- CAR, olkcr-Mtsc calltfi DoCUNUS, Abbal and Confessor. — At Eptemac, in tlu diocese of Trt^Ki, the deposition of ST. WiLLiUKORD, Bishop and Confessor, wkost festival is nmo observed in Engiand on tfu sgtk of Novem^.

St. Cungiir. St. Cukgar, al.so called DocUNUS. was % holy, j^f' religious man, who obtained a gift of land at Cun- 711 c. grcsbuiy, in Somerset, from King Ina, about Oie year 71 1. There he founded a house for twelve Regular Canons, which he dedicated in honour of the Holy Trinit>'. Afterwards, St. Cungar retired to Glamorganshire, and founded an abbey near the sea-coast, known by bis name of St Uocunus, and thence passed to his everlasting rest

St-Willibrord, St. Wili-ICRORD was by birth an English- ''a.d' *" nian. and a native of the kingdom of North- 739- umbria. He was the .son of St Wilgis, a holy man, who, after ser\-ing God with great perfection in the secular state, ended his days as a hermit at Holdcmess, in Yorkshire. Willibrord was a child of promise, as his future sanctity was revealed to his father before he saw the light of this world.

At the age of seven years he was entrusted to the care of the monks of St Wilfrid's Abbey at Ripon, where he recci%"ed the tonsure and made his monastic profession. As he grew to man's estate and attained his tv/cnticth year, the desire of

NOV. 7.]

MEXOLOGY.

5»9

greater perfection induced Willibrord to quit his native land, and retire to Ireland to his feIlow-coiintr>'men. St. Egbert and St. Wigbcrt. who had long before embraced this voluntary exile. Under these great masters the young Saint rapidly advanced in,thc way of holiness, and, after spending eleven or twelve years in their company, felt himself inspired with the same ardour for the apostolic mis.sions, which had long inHumed their breasts. Egbert had himself desired to under- take to jircach the Goapcl to the Saxons of the Continent, but God had revealed to him that his work lay elsewhere. Wigbert, who must not be mistaken for the companion of St Boniface of the same name, had actually visited Pricsland, and there labourer! for two years ; but his success was small, and in his humility, feeling convinced that the work was reserved for another, he had returned to his beloved friend in Ireland.

Egbert then perceiving that VVillibrord was destined to accomplish the glorious work, despatched him, with eleven companions, on the voyage to FriesUind. They huided at the mouth of the Rhine, and immediately began to announce the glad tidint^s of salvation ; but finding great opposition in the obstinate paganism of the people, they had recourse to Pepin of Heristal, Mayor of the I'alacc of the Prankish Kings, who had recently subdued the Prisons and their Prince Radbod to the authority of Prance. Pepin received the raissioners with joy, and treated them with great honour, and showed himself desirous (jf supporting thcin by all means in his power.

Willibrord, however, was desirous, before resuming his labours, of obtaining the licence and benediction of the suc- cessor of St, Peter, and with that object betook himself to Rome He was most graciously received by Pope Sctgius, who gladly approved of his project, and presented him with relics of the Apostles and Martyr.i. that in due time he might use them for the consecration of churches. The Saint re- turned to his work with renewed energy, and carried it on with daily increasing success, until some fresh obstacle obliged him to have recourse once more to the protection of Pepin-

It was on this occasion that that powerful man insisted that the Saint should return to Rome, bearing a petition that he

34

530

rov.

iniflht receive episcopal consecration as Bishop of the Prisons. Pope Sei^ius, who slill governed the Church, j^ladly acceded (o the request, mid himself consecrated him in the Church of St. Cecilia in the year 696, giving him, moreover, the pallium, H-iili the ditjiiity and privileges of Archbishop, and at thfl same time changing his name for that of CIcmcnL The Se^ of St Willibrord was established at Utrecht, where he built the Cathedral of St. Saviour, and restored the ancient Church of St. Thomas, erected by one of the former missioncrs, ar^^ dedicated it to Sl Martin. (

St. Willibrord Is rightly called the Apostle of Fricsland ; and St. Boniface, in a letter to Pope Stephen (Ep. 97), attri- butes the honour entirely to him. St. EUgius had made the attempt, and after him St. Wilfrid and St. Wigberl, with but partial and temporary success; but the conversion of nation was the work of Willibrord and his companions. Saint did not <:onfine his benefits to his own floclc.and annor other good works founded the Abbey of F.ptcmac. in the diocese of Treves, which he governed till the time of his death. There it was that, at the age of eighty -one, he gave up his soul to God, and there he was buried at his own request during his life and after death he was distinguished for manj miracles, and was honoured as a great Saint His biograph* tells us that his appearance was most noble, his demeanour most gracious, and his manner most winning.

In the year 1031. on the 19th October, being 2Q3 years after his death, the tomb of St Willibrord was opened by the Abbot Humbert, and his relics translated to a more honour- able place in the same church. On this occa-iion the remains of the Saint were found entire, and the face and body fresh and beautiful as on ihc day of his death. In England, bj- appointment of Leo XHI.. the festival of St Willibrord observed on the 29th November.

When Si. Bede wrote hi* Mcount oFthc Mietien of 'Willibrord. hi lelUi ■hat the Saint wbh Mill );ovcining Iiis chuich in on honoutcd oU *£«. Alcni wiole tuo livTS of bi. W'illibionJ. one in (^iom and the QCher in metre. He otnit™ llii: fiM journey of St. Willlbtoid to Rome, wliith U cxpreHly rclatcij by Bcde. He alM> buvk that his episcopal conBccrulon look place at St. Pctct'*. which would «wm to b« A nuftalcc. as tikcv>iM the day of hfe dcntti, placed bf

1 UUl

I the

cath. s soul fioOg

manfl aphdl

J

NOV. a]

MENOLOGY.

531

hira on the 6th Novembar. Alculn in utiM In axot m 10 the conquMt of Rod- bod And tlie Fiiaona, wUch he atiiibutcs 10 Chailo Mattel initcail ot the Pepin of HciUtal, hi« father. Of the com;>AnionK of SI. WiUibr&td, the riftmcA of thtic only »ra known with certainty — Suidbert, Adclbcrt, and Wircofrid. The Li/r of Suidbert, Taltely ait;ibul«l lo MaiCdIliniu, mcniioni alio Acca. Wiht- belt, WUliliald. WinibaU. I.ebiiiii. the Iwa Swald*, and MiicellinuB himielf: but the luslar>-uicoiiaid«icdunautI)cntiCiUid not reconcilable with knowti fucta.

St. Cungar. C4I. 91.

UarU. L, M, (J. Leg. Nov. Ug.. fol. 801; Chal. (5

Nov.}. //ill. DugiiUk Mona»i,. vi, , p^ M^5>

Tanner, Anglia Sacr., i., p^ 553.

St WJIIibtord. Cals. 1, f. 1 1, 17, fij, 7j. VirJi, RoRi„ C. P. E, 0. K. L. P,

Q.R, L<g, Tinm., fi>t, »75t; Capp., fol.

3sa«; Nov. Ltcfol, 307^; Wfaitf,

Sac.: W. t and a; Chal. Hill. Beda, v.. c. 10, 11; AlcttUl.

Liwt of St. waiibiotd; MablU..

Acta SS, Bcned,, ««c. iU., vol. IL,

P- 559-

THE EIGHTH DAY.

At Llandissel, in Cariiignnshire, and ether places in Wales,

the fintixiai e/ St. Tyssillio, or TvssEl,. v:hci ii calkd the

brother of St, Karantoc, and to whom several ekurchei are

dedicattd,~~At Bremen, the deposition of ST. WlLLIHAD. the

first Bislwp of that Set, and Conftssor.

St.Winihad, WriJ-TllAr), a priest of Northumbria, froni liis "^A-D. ' y'*"*'^ upwards had led a life of siiiguUir austerity 79* and devotion, when he felt himself inspired with an ardent desire to follow the steps of St. Wiltibrord and St. Boniface, and go to preach the Gospel to the heathen on the Continent The King and the Bishops of his province, though grieved to lose him, were satisfied of the truth of his vocation, and bade him godspeed on his undertaking. Hts firat station wa.s at Dockuin, the scene of llie martyrdom of St. Boniface, ^^•here the people, now well disposed through the intercession of the glorious Martyr, willingly heard his preaching, and embraced the Faith,

Willihad then advanced to Hummachcn and other places, where he met with a very different reception. The idolaters

532

MEMOLOGY.

[NO^^

turned a de-tf car to the message of salvation, and On various occasions attempted his life, fn one instance his preser%'ation was so evidently miraculous, that a number of witnesses war converted. After this the Saint was sent by Charlemagne to VVigtnund and Bremen, where in the spaec of two years the Saxons, by his means, happily .submitted to the yoke of Christ- IJut in the confusion of a rebellion which broke out be was obliged to interrupt the course of his mission, ami took the opportunity of visiting Rome and reporting his work to Pope Hadrian. On reerossing the Alps, he went to the Abbey of Eptcmac, where he spent two years, until, after the restoration of peace, he again went to Bremen, and there ended his days. Though he laboured for thirly-fivc years in those parts, it Mas only about two years before his denth that he received episcopal consecratirm. as first Bishop of Bremen. He vr^| devoted to the service of his flock, and continued the sainP austere and devout practices which had marked his youth. He never tastetl strong drink, and hi« food was bread and fruit only, until Fopp Hadrian, in consideration of his failing strength, obliged him to take fish. He celebrated the Holy Sacrifice daily with great compunction, and recited the psalter sometimes more than once in the course of the twenty-four hours.

On the feast of All Saints he dedicated his wooden catlicdral in honour of St. Fcicr ; and on the Octave of the same solecnnity, at .1 place called IMccazzc, he was called to take his place among the blessed company tn heaven. St Willihad was buried in his church at Bremen, and his relics were translated to a more honourable spot by his immediate successor. The history of his life and miracles was writt^ by St. Anscherius, one of the early Bishops of Bremen.

St. Tyuilllo. Cat. 91. Hi»l. Kccs, p. jtS.

St. Willlhkd. Cat 4; {on 6lh), Hitl. Rmba», voL vi., p. urj.

Uarlt. Rom.. H. L. Q. Mabill., Act. SS. Bencd. (sxc.

L*g. W. t laui 1, Chat. ( Uuvchi li.. vol, il.. p. J64). fircv. Supfd. Mkb«l).. Annsls, t'oL ii., fp^ ita, «7t,

•91.

NOV. 9. 10.

S33

THE NINTH DAY. At Oxhrd. the bUssed martyrdom of theVenerabfe GZOVG^ NAPriEK, Ptiesi.

V. Georre

H.p^i,^.>,.

George Nai'HIER was a native of Oxford, and there began the rudiments of his education, but afterwards was sent to the Englisli College at Rhcinis or Douay. He had been ordained some years before he was sent on the English Mission, which was A.D. 1603, the first year of King James I. He was singularly zealous in his labours for the good of souls, and persevered in the holy work, till he fell into the hands of the persecutors in iSio. He was imprisoned in Oxford Castle, and a long account, written by a Catholic fellow-prisoner, has been preserved of his most edifying and pious demeanour, both before and after his condemnation. His charity to the needy convicts was extra- ordinary : he gave them his money and clothes, and did all in his power for their relief. After sentence was pronounced his friends obtained a reprieve, which would probably have been indefinitely prolonged, had he not had the happy lot of reconciling to God and the Church a poor malefactor on the eve of his execution. This hn<itciicd the completion of his own sentence, and the day of his death was appointed for the Qth November, though again and again he was offered an acquittal if he would consent to take the insidious oath pro- posed by the King and Parliament His last moments corresponded with the sweetness and charity which he had all along exhibited, united with the most striking constancy in the profession of his faith. His last words, often repealed, were : " In manus tuas, Domine, commendo spiritum mcum " — " Into Thy hands, O Lord, I commend my spirit ". Hitt. CluJtoiie('»Min,PrieM*,vx)I.ii. Uouay Uiaiici.

Wotihingion'i Catalogs. Archii-, Wentmon.. vol. U., p. agj,

RaiMitu, and vatioua paper* \ vol, ■., pp. 4J1

gi.

THE TENTH DAY. At IJaneieth. in AngUsey, tht ftstimt of St. Elf.th, tailed in (Iff attaent Calendar E1.ETH FreikEN.— /i^ CantCfbury, the

S34

MENOLOGY.

tNOV.

tUfositioM 9f St. Justus, Cemftsior, tht ftmrth AnAkisM^ of

St. JmI«^ 5t. Jt^TUs «-u one oT those whom 5l Grcgory^ ^A &^ sent, at the request of Aogastinc; to aid him in his <a7. Apostolic Mbston. Lilct his companions, he was a nK*nk of 5t Andrc»-'» on the Celian, and vzx the bearer of valuable gtft-i sent by the Fopc. Justus had been but about three >'ears in Kent when St. Augustine consecrated him as the first Kafaop of Rochc^cr, a See which King Ethclben had founded and endowed, the Cathedral being dedicated Co the Apostle St Andrew, whose church in Rome was the home from which the English Mission went forth. When Augustine and Ethclbert were called to their reward, great calamities befell the infant church, and both Justus and McUitus, the Bbhop of London, with the consent of Lawrence the new Archbishop, thought it best to retire to the Continent. Before long, however, the happy conversion of King Eadbald made way fur their return, and Justus re&uined the goxernmcnt of his church, which he continued to hold until, on the death of Mcllitus, he was chosen Archbishop. He received letters of encouragement and the pallium from Pope Boniface, and had the happiness of sending Paulinus in company with Queen Ethelburga to spread the Faith In Northumbria. St Ju.stu:i lived long enough to hear of the first successes which followed the baptism of King Edwin, but his labours were then nearly at an end. It was in ihc year 627 that he gave up his soul to God, and was buried with his saintly predecessors in tl Abbey Church of St. Peter and St. Paul

St. F.I«th. Cat. 91.

St. Juuu*. CaJt. t6, .^. 4). 52, 63. L^. Tinm.. fol. tjia; Cspgr.,

Uorli. Rom., IT, L. Q, R. 1620 \ Hor. L««., fol. »m; Whitl

Sw.: Vf.imiii Chal. Hitt. B«d».(.,c. joi n..c iriatf., IS.

THE ELEVENTH DAY. /« M/ kingdom of Northumbria, thi tommtmeratioH RiCilTKYTll. Quetn and Abbess.

NOV. 13.1

MENOLOGY.

535

Richtryth, This holy woman appears to have been the ^'"'''^'^^^'-'widow of one of the kings of Northumbria, but 786. whn he was is not found recorded. She fors<^>ok the worldly honours and .idvanUges of her station, and retired to a monaster)', of which she became .Abbess. In the year 786 she received the longed-for rewards of the better life, presenting "oU in her lamp before the sight of her Lord". The day of her deposition is unknown, nor does it appear that she ever received the public honours of a Saint, though greatly veiieritted for her holy deeds and example.

Hilt. Simeon Dunclm. (Twysdcn. p.

110),

I,ib. Vitje Dunclm. (Surtccs, vol. x[ii., p. ]). hM two person* of th!« name among ihc Quccni and AbbesRCK.

THK TWELFTH DAY.

fit Wales, /A£ deposition of St. CadWaLAKOR, coiled Oct last Kins "/ Brilain, of llu atuitnl British race. — At Daventer. in HollaHd, tkt d^positioti p/St. Lebuin, Confessor.

St. Cad-

wftlador,

St. Caiiwalador, called the last King of Kmff"conf S"^'*^'"' °'^ *^° ancient British race, was the son of AD. the ferocious Cadwallon, who fell in the battle of Hcavcnficid, in an encounter with St. Oswald. Cadwalador was venerated as a Saint in Wales, and is named in the calendars of that country. Of his Acts wc know little or notliing ; but it appears that either he died of the plague in Wales, or, flying from the terrible epidemic, died in Brittany.

The stocy of hit abdicating and going 10 Rome and dying there, appeuK 10 iriK ftom a conrunion between Cadwitlodor and Ccadwalla. King of Wnaes.

St- Lebuin, Lebuin, or Leafwine. was an English priest ^Q* of leaniing and singular piety, who went over to 785- Holland at the time when the diocese of Utrecht was under the administration of St. Gregarj', the successor of St llonifacc in that chai^. He represented to him that he had been constrained, by repeated visions and threats of the divine dtsplca.surc, to offer liim.self cxpres.'ily to preach tlic

536 MENOLOGY.

Gospel in the region which lay on the borders of the river Isclt Gregory was satisfied of the truth of these rei'clalions, and gladly confided to him a Mission, of the happy Usue of which he had so good a reason to be hopeful. St Marchclm was chosen to be his companion, and the two apostolic men proceeded to the scene of their future labours.

God had prepared their way, and they were hospitably received by a noble matron of the name of Averhilda. who showed herself ready to favour their design by all mcan» in her power. The first step was to butid an oratory at a place called Huilpii, on the banlcs of the river, where they bt^^n to sow the seed of God's Word. Next they crosscxl to the other side, and built a church at Daventcr, and it was there that the enemy of man raised a formidable opposition to their zealous labours.

The Old Saxons of the neighbourhood were bigoted pagans ; and when they saw how the church was frequented and how the Christians increased in numbers, ihcy were filled with rage, violently attacked Ihcm, forced tlic faithful to dis- perse, and reduced the house of God to ashes. Lcbuin retired for a while to St. Gn^ory; but when the tumult haH calmed down, he took the first opportunity of returning to tllP place, where he knew that his calling lay. He rebuilt his church, and continued to evangelize his people, with nbundant fruit, until called to the reward of his labours^

After the death of the Saint, thu Saxons again rose ai destroyed the church, and made a diligent search for remains, which tliey inlended to profane ; but they were not suffcfcd to lay hand-t on the precious treasure, and for son^ time no one knew where they were to be found. After 3^ Gregory was dead, and liad been succeeded by his nephew Albricus, that good prelate charged St. Ludgcr to renc%v the search, and take every means to discover the sacred deposit. Ludger obeyed, but his efforts were in vain, until Sl Lebuin appeared to him in a vision, and told him where to direct his search. This miracle was followed by the translation his relics, and excited the greatest devotion among his and all wlio heard of it. In the course of time a monastc

I

NOV. ta]

MENOLOGY.

537

of Regular Canons was attached to the church, which was henceforth known by the name of its saintly founder.

In I.nlin ihc name of Sl Lebiiin U aoinelimci wiltlen I.ivinuii. which makes It ncmuw} '« ilistinguiiih him fifom ihc Irish Snint Levin, Bttbop And Uanyr, who eringdiicd Mandef*. nnd is honoured inpfciallj' al Ghent on ihc kMincdky. Hi* epoch is much uilicr, about thcycM Cjj.

St. CadwaJador. Cttl. 91.

Sl, L«buin,

Cii/. 6S. Marl. H.

Lfg. W. t and t ; ChaL ; Utccchi Btev. Suppl.

Hitt. M:ilnll..AcL SS. Bened.. iM.

iv., vol. ill., pp. 91. 36 (in Life of

St. Ludget). Hiat. Epiitc. Prcd. Bdg,, vol. ii.

(Dawnter). AUbrd's Annftlt, a.d. S97.

THE THIRTKENTH DAY.

rt4f f/if Abbey of Einsicdcln, the pious memory cf the Abbot Gre<;ory. Gr* *

Abbot, AD.

«?•&.

GregorV was an Englishman, and according to the tradition a son of Kiii); Edward the lildcr, or at least of the royal family. Called to quit the world by a heavenly vision, he left his country, his paicnls, and his spouse, or his betrothed bride, and betook himself to the holy city of Rome, where he entered St Grcgor>''s Monastery on the Cch'an. After some time spent in rctiicmcnt and great holiness of life, he silently withdrew to St. Mcinrad's Abbey of Our Lady of the }Icrinits in Switzerland. In that solitude Greyory lived ten years under the rule of the Abbot Eberhard, and on his death succeeded him in the government of the community. In the discharge of these duties he persevered, as a faithful steward, till his holy death. Though we do not find the name of Gregory in any Calendar of the Saint.s, we are told that his life "was most abundantly adorned with virtues," and the Emperor Otho the Great, in a diploma, speaks of hira as " a most holy man, and mighty in all virtues".

liOlloB denva bit MCiec flf Okskt &»« tbe n*tnnrM**y "'fi'** o** "*<

Mftirffii WrffcMHi:. nfcnfilllhim-rTTr- ^-g'— — " -^>"— maiiomng kif royal Unh, TriUKtnte* it Uw &n( to record thi*, amd M*tiilton ik«iiu U Atcndit the ctory. or at leut nj* he cansot baiv been the kui o( Eihrud. Ijippenbng. however, wei bo Aftculiy in the tnnfition. If ifae aocoanl be fioT^M, Otbo wwM be tarn kodM-iB^nr. It b pOMiUe Ui«t the imkk Ongoir WM fciiMHUil. U Donecd hU arip«. when he nutrad the rdi|poiH sale.

Ltg. W. t and ■ ; Clial. J/itt. Mabilloa, Anoal*. Hi., p. 5a

THE FOURTEENTH DAY.

TAt troMthlioH c/Sv. EkkoNWall>, Buhcpand Coh/c nffw fitsti-i-^ti thrauglufut Hngland as tfu festh'oi of the S& in piact (tftlu deposition, vhith is m l/ujoth of April — In Isle of Bardsey and at Ltandaff, iJu deposition o/Sw DuKRl- TIUS, Bislu>p and Confessor. — At Algiers, the passitm of ST. SeraI'ION, Martyr. — On Toir Hill, by GlasfenbHry, the passioH pf tlu itntrablt servants of Cod, RICHA.RD WhITIXC. Abbot, and John Thorne and ROGKk JamES. Afanks of G/astem- bury, of tlu Order of St. Benedict, w/to suffered death for rejeet- ing tlu spiritual snpremacy of Henry VIII. — At Reading, on the same day, the martyrdom of tlu venerable ser-.'ants of God,

Hugh Farrincdon, Abbot of Reading, and John Rugge and William Onion, Priests, who shed their blood in the same My cause. ^—

St DwtwitiiM. St. DUBUITIUS belonged to one of the princely A-d! ' houses of South Wales, and received from his *"c facnily ample pussesiioiis, which he devoted to the service of God. From his childhood the piety of Dubritlns WHS most exemplary, and at an early age he embraced the rclii^ioiLs state, lie founded two monasteries on the Wye— Hentlan and Muckross— of which he was the Abbot, when he wa« chosen first Bishop of LliLndaff, and coiusccratcd, it Is said, by St. German. He was ;d»o promoted to tl»e Metro- poliian Sec of Cacrlcon, which he eventually resigned to St. David at the Synod of llrcvi. Dubritius laboured long and zealously against the prevailing corruptions of his peoc

NOT. 14.]

MENOLOGY.

539

protecting their faith against the Pelagian heresy, and their Christian morality against the perverse spirit of the ^c ; but at length, having earned a season of repose, he retired to the Isle of Euli, or Bardscy, and spent the remainder of his days in solitude.

It was in that holy spot, called the island of the twenty thousand Saints, that he gave up his soul to God. His venerated relics were subsequently translated with honour to his Church of LlaiidafT.

St. Serapion, Skkapion WHS by hirth an Englishman, but ^q" was received into the Order of Our Lady of the 1240. Redemption of Captives in Spain by Sl Peter Nolasco, one of the founders. In the year f240, the holy man was sent on two expeditions for the ransom of Christian slaves. The latter of these was to Algiers, where he succeedc<l tn procuring the liberty* of eighty-seven Christians, but wa.s obliged to remain himself, in pledge for the full payment of the sum required. So great was his zeal, that while a prisoner he could not restrain himself from preachinj* Christ to the infidels. This so exasperated them, that they nailed the Saint to a cross, and cut him to pieces while yet alivt This glorious martyrdom won for him the admiration of all Christians, who iinmcdiatcly began to honour him with every sign of religioiis vcner.ition. This immemorial worship was at length recognised and sanctioned by Pope Benedict XIII-

V. Richard The Venerable RicilARD WuiTiNG was the

■^''Jji,^- sixty-first and last Abbot of the celebrated Mon-

Tlionie. M.; astcry of Glastonbury. In rank he stood next to

J«ni»%!. the Abbot of St. Albans, was a member of the

^« Upper House of Convocation, and a baron of the

kingdom, with a seat-in the House of Lords. The

abbey over which Whiting ruled was one of the most wealthy

and influential in the realm, and he governed it with an

upright conscience and with singular prudence, to the great

benefit of his religious family and the community at large.

The monks, who were about one hundred, lived in an en- closed mona-rterj', and the numerous dependents of the house

530 MENOLOGY. [NOV. 7.

might receive episcopal consecration as Bishop of the Prisons. Pope Sergius, who still Eovcmcd the Church, gladly acceded to the request, and himself consecrated him in the Church of St Cecilia in the year 696, giving him, moreover, the pallium, with the dignity and privileges of Archbishop, and at the same time changing his name for that of Clement. The See of Si- Willibrord was established at Utrecht, where he built the Cathedral of St Saviour, and restored the ancient Churdi of St. Thomas, erected hy one of the former missioners, and dedicated it to St. Martin.

St. Willibrord is rightly called the Apostle of Friesland; and St. Boniface, in a letter to Pope Stephen (Ep. 97), attri- butes the honour entirely to him. St. P'ligius had made the attempt, and after him St. Wilfrid and St. Wigbcrt, with but partial and temporary success; but the conversion of the nation was the work of Willibrord and his companions. The Saint did rot confine hi.s benefits to his own flock, and among other good works founded the Abbey of Eplernac, in the diocese of Treves, which he governed till the time of his death. There it was that, at the age of eighty-one, he gave up his soul to God, and there he was buried at his own request. Botilfl during his life and after dexth he was distinguished for many miracles, and was honoured as a great Saint. His biographer tells us that his appearance was most noble, his demeanour most gracious, and his manner most winning.

In the year 1031, on the 19th October, being 292 years after his death, the tomb of St. Willibrord was opened 1^- the Abbot Humbert, and his relics translated to a more honour- able place in the same church. On this occasion the remains of the Saint were found entire, and the face and body frc<h and beautiful as on the day of his death. In England, by appointment of Leo XI!]., the festival of St. Willibroid 11 obscn-cd on the 29th November.

When S(. Dcde wiolc h» account of the Minion of Willibrord. tic tcU* W ihu the Saini w» Hill KOvYiTLing hi* chuich m sn bonoincd oM ago. Aknln iirolv two liven of Pi, Willibrotd, one in preuc «nd ihe otlict in timIic l(e oniiifi the 6(st joutncy of .Si. Wiilibrutd to Konic, vhich U ciptcssl) trUlc^ ty Utdc. He alio uys that hi* eptMbpit c«nMcr>iioB took place at Si. Pmc*V which would Bocm to ba ■ mtMalic, a> likrwitc the day of hU death, placed bf

4

NOV. 14.]'

MF.XOLOGY.

54'

John Thorne, the treasurer, and Rooer James, the under-treasurer, of the abbey, were executed at the same time with their spiritual father. It was attempted to bring against them an extravagant chaise of stealing some of the church plate ; but their real offence was that they were supposed to be the chief counsellors of the Abbot in his holy resolution. The King had also been e-vasperaied by a little book against the divorce of Queen Catherine, which had been found in the Abbot's chamber ; but there can be no doubt that, as the Protestant chronicler Stowc report^ "all suffered for denying the King's supremacy ".

V. HuEh The Venerable HUGH FaHRINGDON was

^*Mflrt ; ' ^'«<^'ed ^^^^ of t*^® ewsat Monastery of St. V.John James, at Reading, in the year 1520. a dignity

v'^^illiftm' which carried with it a scat in the House of Onion-Mart, Lords, and ranked next to that of the Abbot of i5» Gia?tonbury. The still extant letters of this good man :iho\v that he was distinguished by learning and piety, and as such he was generally esteemed, insomuch that the visitors sent by King Henry VHI. could send no other than a favourable report of the slate of the house, and were forced to commend an excellent lecture on Scripture which was delivered daily in English and Latin. The Abbot, however, was conscientious in protecting the charge cctiiitniltcd to hin keeping, and firmly refused to surrender his abbey, and with the same holy resolution rejected the spiritual supremacy of the King. For this he was convicted of high treason, and condemned to be hanged, drawn, and quartered. The ini- quitous sentence was carried out at Reading on the same day on which the Abbot Whiting and his companions suffered at Glastonbury.

The venerable servants of God, JotlN RUGG and WiLUAM Onion, wrcrc priests, exercising parochial care in the town of Reading, and according to some accounts were monks of the abbey. They suffered at the same time with the holy Abbot. and for the same cause, that is, for the spiritual supremacy of the Roman Pontiff.

543

MENOLOGY.

rov. 18.

Sl Eikonwald. C*/i. I.3J. s*. t6. 68. Uarli. M. Q.

St. Dubrilius. Cat. 51. Ltg. Tinm., foL a7)ii; Capgr^ fol.

(btitni); N'o\-. Leg.,lol.87d; Whiif.

Add.; W. I and 1 ; Chjl. HitL Life by Bcnnel of OIotwmct

<AngL Ski., ii.. p. 654). AUbcd's AimiU.

St. Scf apioit. hSari. Rom. ;Suppl.). L/;. ChiL (t6 June). Hiif. Benedia XIV., de Canon SS.,

lib. ii., e, M- I 4>. SuUct'» Livca (ij Jan.)i.

Wa-tyrt. /fMf. Wilwn'* Cualogne; Stowe, p.

577- SntdR, Scbian (Eng. Iraiw.), p. 141. Motfon Brit. Hut.

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

At Saintcs, i« France, the deposition of St. Malo, Biskep and CoM/essor.

Sl Kalo, St. Malo, also called in French Maclou,

^'''a.'d"^' ''"'^ '■' Latin Machutus. was the son of atlistin- &7- guishcd personage of Monmouthshire, named Gwent, and said to be the founder of Castle Gwcnt, now Chepstow. It appears, however, that when this child of benediction was born, his parents were for a season staying in IJrittany, on the Continent. The education of the child was. nevertheless, in Wales, as his father sent him at an early age to the Monasltry of Llancarvan, then under tlie government of St. Brendan. There he made great progress in all good Icirning and holiness of life, and, having received the monastic habit, became a model to all his companions. In the course of time his abbot required him to preach for the inslructlon of the people ; and in ihis ministry his success was so great and so confirmed by miracles, that there was a general demand that he should be made a bishop. Accordingly, he was compelled, much against his will, to receive episcopal consecration ; but it would seem that he was not appointed to any See, but rather served as auxiliary to other pcelates. He was zealous in the discharge of his duti&s but the office was burdeniionic to him, as it interfered with his habit of constant prayer; sa^iX no sooner was he satisfied that God called him, at ten.st for a lime, to a life of solitude, than he

NOV. 15.]

MENOl-OGY.

543

embarked with a number of companions, and landed on a small island close by the town of Alcth, in Brittany.

Here Malo lived in great contentment for a while, in com- pany with a holy hermit who was already scttltxl on the spot, liut in the end the good man persuaded our Saint to go and pieach to tlie inhabitants of .Aleih, many of whom were pagans, and the result was the entire conversion of this people, and their determination to have him for their bishop. Malo was obliged to yield, and ruled his flock, to their great spiritual advantage, until certain jealous and avaricious opponents arose, and succeeded in entirely estranging the people of Aleth from their pastor. Having borne this contradiction for a length of time, he became convinced that it would be best for him to withdraw, which he did. after solemnly declaring the divine judgments which would fall on the unhappy city. The refuge of St- Malo was in the diocese of Saintcs, where the holy Bishop St. L^once welcomed him, and gave him a piacc for his retreat. Meanwhile the people of Alcth were afflicted with many calamities ; and coming at length to :see how great had been their sin and their ingrati- tude, sent to asJv the forgiveness of their pastor, and pray him to return to them once more.

St. Malo's heart was free from malice, and ready to forgive the penitent ; and after having recourse to God in prayer, he learned that it was His Will that he should go and be recon- ciled to hu flock, and aftenvards return to die in peace. Accordingly, he returned with the messengers, and pro- nounced an absolution on the city of Alcth from the censures incurred, and restored his people to peace with God, on which they were immediately relieved from the pestilence and siifTerings they had endured. Much to their regret, he then set out to rejoin his friend Lc'oncc, who went to meet him, and settled him in a place called Archcmbiay. In a few months he was seized with a low fever, and death approached. When the happy moment was at hand, he caused himself to be clothed in sackcloth and laid on a bed of ashes; and so raising his eyes to heaven, he yielded his blessed soul to God in the night between the t5th and i6th November, 637. The

S44

MENOLOGY.

rov. ]

body of Sl Malo was solemnly buried at Saintcs, and i mainai there till a certain gentleman of Aleth, by a pio frBud, contrived to stexl it away, n-jth the cNception of t head, and conveyed it to that pUca Other translations these relics, or parts of them, have also occurred in subsequc times. The public \-cncratton of St. Malo ts general throue out Brittany, except in the diocese of Vannes. When t town of Alcth fell to decay, the episcopal title was retnov to St. Malo. on the island. ^

Catt. I, a, 3. A, i. u. J3, 18. 14- 37.

)». 5^, &1. ft;. 93. X'trii. Rcnn.. G. H, L. P, Q. R. Jj'g. Tinm., to\, a&ta; CapRr.. tot.

■30<i; Nov. L^., fol. iigrt; WhiiL

Sat. : W. I and I : CtuL

ma. Lobineui. Sainu dr BrBlB|

''■.P-44- Ufe by Bili (Inland, Collect., ii.

THE SIXTEENTH DAY.

Af Canterbury, M*' difusilwn 0/ St. AlfricK, and Archbishop. — At Dunfermline, /» Sc«thaJ,fht dffciition St. MakCARET, Quten 0/ Stotland, H^ui(nv.—A/ Poniiei in Frame. Iht deposition of St. EumUNJ), Confessor, a Arcfsbisfiop of Ca'tlerbury. — At York, //«■ passion of the VcK rahic Edward OftliALniSTOS, y'r»W/, xvlto suffered martji under Queen Elisabeth.

St. Alfridt. St. Alfrick, or Al-Ric, professed the

^A-d!"^" ''"^ '"*^ '*"^ "'^"^ ™*'^^ .'\bbot of Abingdon. Fn 1006. that office he was promoted to t>c Bishop Wilton, and lastly, on the death of Siric, he became An bishop of Canterbury.

He is said to have ruled his church in a most religic manner during eleven ycarsj which the incursions of the Dai Contributed to make a most diRicuIt time After that he w called to tlie retvard of his labuurH, and buried in his Catbcd Church, being counted ta one of the many Saints whom G granted to the Metropolitan See.

NOV. 16.]

MENOLOGY.

545

St. BfM-gmict, Margaret was the granddaughter oT the V^^dow ^^^^'^ King Edmund Ironside. Her father,

A.D. ' known as Edward Outremere, or the Exile, and

'"^ his elder brother Edmund, being of tender age at the time of the tisuq^ation of Canute, had found refuge in Hiingaiy, where they were generously received by the King St. Stephen. In the course of time Edmund was married to the King's own daughter, and Edward to the Princess .\gatha, a niece of his wife's.

When St. Edward the Confessor came to the throne of England, Edmund was already dead, leaving no isitue; but Edward was invited to return and take rank of immediate heir to his saintly uncle.

The royal exile accordingly came back to London, with ^atha his wife and his three children. Edgar, Margaret, and Christina. But Edward himself died before the Confessor, and when Harold took possession of the throne, an act soon followed by the Norman Conquest, his children were still so young that Agatha deemed it iic-ccMiary for their safety to withdraw to the Continent. A .storm, however, drove his vessel on the coast of Scotland, where they were hospitably welcfimcd by the King Malcolm III., or Canmore, whose wife Margaret became in obedience to the wishes of her mother. In this position the young Saint began the practice of those queen-like virtues which gained the love and admiration of a grateful people, and have made her the model of all princes. The influence she exercised on her husband was most happy. He was of an excellent disposition, but a man of war and ill- instructed in many of the duties of a Christian and a prince ; but Margaret, by her tender devotion to his best interest and herlioly example, exerted such influence that in a sliort time he almost rivalled her in good deeds, and in the end was himself regarded as a Saint. Margaret also, by her irrcsLstible goodness, brought about many needful reforms in the Church and in the lives and manners of the people. The observance of festivals and fasts had been mugh neglected, the salutary laws of tlic Church regarding marriage continually violated, and other practices permitted contrary to the laws of the Gospel.

35

546

MENOLOGY.

pdov. la

All these abuses Mai^aret had Ihe happiness of sedng corrected in a great measure, and Chri5tia.n habits estab- lished among her subjects. She was also conspicuous for her devotion and austerities. She observed two Lents in the year, and her diet was at all times most sparing. Her prayers and spiritual exercises were almost unceasing, and she had a special delight in spiritual reading. Her book of the Gospels was richly adorned with jewels, and on one occasion, when an attendant had carelessly let it fall into the river, was miraculously preserved from injury. Margaret founded several churches, and amongst them that of the Holy Trinity at Dunfermline, which she built for the reception of the Relic of the Holy Cross, her greatest treasure, which she had brought with her to Scot- land. Perhaps her most conspicuous virtue was her love of the poor, numbers of whom she fed daily at her palace, after humbly washing their feet, providing also for the orphans and the abandoned. She had the reward of being the mother of a family of holy children. The three son^t, who survived her, were successively Kings of Scotland, and governed their people as Christian princes, the youngest, St. David, being of all the motit illustrious. Her daughters were the good Queen Maude, wife of Henry I. of England, and another, married to Eustace. Count of Boulogne. Malcolm and his eldest son fell in battle at Alnwick, being engaged in war with William Rufus, ^Vhen the sad tidings were brought to the Queen she was seized with the most piercing grief, but without losing her resignation to the Will of God. She predicted that her own death would immediately follow, and within four days the prophecy was veri6cd. She fell sick, asked that her Relic of the True Cross might be brought to her, and on seeing it broke out into expressions of the most fervent devotion ; she then received the Holy Sacraments, and in perfect peace and great joy gave up her soul to God. It was remarked that her face at once recovered the youthful beauty, which suffer- ing and sickness had marred. She was buried with her hus- band at Dunfermline ; and when, many years later, her descendant, King Alexander HI., resolved to translate her

Kov. la)

MENOLOGY.

547

remains, some sapematural power prcvciitc<] t]icm from •ceparating the bones from those of her loving liiisband, and both were removed together, St. Margaret, living and dead, was honoured with many miraculous gifts, and was canonized by Pope Innocent IV., in 1251. At the time of the profana- tion of sacr«d things in the sixteenth century, the remains of St. Margaret and Malcolm were saved by the Catholics, and fouad their resting-place in a chapel of the Escurial, built by King Philip for the purpose. The head of the Saint, ho\ve\'er, was secured by the Jesuits of Douay. The feast has been kept on various days, but is now observed by the whole Church on the toth June.

Si. Mafgaret's Book cf tin (ietftti above mcniioned flppeim 10 be now in the Bodleiin Librxy at Oxfcnil, having hccn purchased at a tale in London «o recenlly an July. 1887. An acccnint of ihe precioua volume is given in lh» Atadtiny, 6th August, 1S87. A«to the illumiuaiion^ and in all ictpectii, except (lie coHtty binding, it scciiis to ft^rec perfectly with the dcacrjpiion in Uic Saint's Lift, and is pcunounccd by PiufcMOr Westwood to be of ihe eleventh eetttvry, utd Britlth work. On U>\. 3 la a Lutn poem an the Im* and recovery of the Miniuciipl. in which, though Si. MuKaret >• not eiprcssljr named, tlieie occur the two following Hue* '. —

" Salvati Bint semper Rex Reginaque Sancto. Quorunt codex ciU nupci Mlvatus nb undl« "■

St. Edniusd, Edmuno Rich was the son of a tradesman of A.D ' Abingdon in Berkshire. His parents were per- 1243. sons of singular piety. The father, with his wife's consent. Icf^ the world and became a monk at Evesham, while the mother, Mabel, remained to bring up her two sons, Edmund and Robert, and her daughters, Margaret and Alice, in the holy fear of God. Edmund from the first gave proof of 3 singularly sweet disposition, and a moat tender piety. The many devotional practices and the habits of abstinence, as well as the use of instruments of penance. In which he was brought up, were to him so many sources of delight. His early studies were made at Oxford, and were pursued with the earnestness befitting a work undertaken for the love of God. While at the University the youthful Saint made a vow of perpetual chastity, under the protection of our Blessed

HEXOLOGY.

pJOV. TR

Lady. «Uefa he maimaiDeA without spot thnMighout lile. After 9oaie time apeat at Oxfaid, his mother svnt him and hb brother to coaphte their stadies at Paris. The boUncas of Erdnuntd oonttotwd to devdop as he advanced fn yean.

A! Paris his life was a marrd to his martert and WIow- sdioUrs. His ml (or learning was great, but never inter- Icred with hb b^;her spiritual aims. He shonncd all danger- ous associatrons, Iccpt in his room an image of the Blessed Mother of God. and conb'naalty breathed holy aspirations while engaged with hts books. Eirery night he' attended the midnight office in St Martin's Church, after which lie spent some hours in pra}-er, and, having heard the first M&ss, was ready for the duties of the day, without tasting food or talcing further rest. He also fasted much and wore a hair shirt, and withal found time to show his charity for the poor, on whom he bestowed in alms n-hat he could save from the mon& received for his own use. ^

Edmund wis called from Paris to attend the saint-likt death-bed of his mother, who confided his siatcrs and brothci to his guardianship. According to their own desire and to his great satisfaction, he placed his sisters in the Con* vent of Catesbj', and then retumed to Paris, where he became eminent among the professors of the Univcrsil>'. While interpreting the Holy Scriptures, it was remarked thai he not only instructed the minds of his hearers in an especial dcyrcc, but by the grace of his words gained their hearts to true piety ; ao that many of them are counted among the most faithful .lervants of God who lived in those times. Edmund at Icnpth returned to Oxford, where he was established for seven years, and was the first, it is said, who taught the logic of Aristotle in those schools. But being now a priest, he found time for more directly spiritual vork, and gave missions in different p.irls of Oxfordshire;, Gloucester- shire, and Worcestershire, preaching the Word of God, to the profit of Innumerable souls. One illustrious convert of his wax William Longesp^c, the famous Earl of Salisbury, who hod led a life regardless of religion, btit on hearing a senium' of Edmund's henceforth devoted himself to a pious prepara-

NOV. la]

MENOLOGY.

549

tton for death. Edmund refused many olTers of preferment, but at length accepted a canonry at Salisbury, the re\'enues of which became in his hands the patrimony of the poor.

The Sec of Canterbury had been long vacant, when Pope Gregory IX. selected Edmund to occupy it, a choice gladly accepted by the Chapter and consented to by Henry III. All was done without tile knowlcdRc of the Saint, who strenu- ously refused to accede, until positively constrained by the Bishop of Salisbury, under whose jurisdiction he then lived. As Archbishop, Edmund lived in the greatest simplicity and personal poverty. Money was his abhorrence, and the only use he willingly made of it was the relief of the distressed. He did much for his flock, corrected various abuses, and pro- moted holiness of life. Nevertheless, the times were evil, and he had much opposition to endure, even from those who ought to have been his chief helpers. His greatest difficulties were, caused by the unhappy King, who persevered in a wicked course of extortion and oppression of the Church, and the violation of its sacred immunities. The Saint, seeing the hopeless state of things, resolved to quit the kingdom, and took refuse in the Abbey of Pontigny, the chosen asylum of his predecessor, St, Thomas. It was there that he was seized with sickness, and was obliged to remove to Soissy for the sake of better air, but he consoled the good monks with the promise of a speedy return, which was verified when his sacred remains were brought back on the festival of St. Edmund, King and Mart>'r. At Soissy, St Edmund received the last Sacraments with extraordinary fervour, and in his last moments was favoured with the sweetest consolations. He awaited his agony seated in his chair, sometimes fainting away from weakness, and again rallying a little, but never ceasing from his devout aspirations, until God had called to Himself his blessed soul. His body was carried to Pontigny and after seven days was buried with great solemnity. Many miracles attested the sanctity of this holy prelate, and in the year 1246 his canonization was celebrated by Pope Innocent IV.

The year following the canonization, the sacred relics were solemnly translated, in the presence of St Louis, King of

::; MZNOLOGY. [NOV. IS.

Fra.T.z£.Q'-^' S'.i::;=.*==c i=-~ber of prelates and noblMnen. The i>;dv -.s-si ^sr. :';-r.i er.r;r« ar.d unchanged, and so has

c:r.:ir-ec :"ir f,--- ~ix carries, down to the present time,

ihe^rsa: ~ei=-re zi'J^i ^rm chtircfa. This translation, which tcck p'.ace cr. is >th Tuse. is row observed in the diocese of Port=rr.o-th as :he secc~carj- fes::\Tii of the Principal Patron.

V. Edwari The Verxrah'.e Edward Osbauiiston was OsWistoo. (^,- ^g (ssaiW of Osbaldiston of Osbaldiston, near A.D. B'ackbum, ir. Lar.cashire. He received his educa- iSM- ^:.,j, ^» jjjg Er.-'.iih College at Rheims, and, having been ordained priest, was ser.t on the Mission in 1589, He spent a few \ear5 in his apostolic labours before he was arrested at Tow\crton in Yorkshire, through the information of Thomas Clark, a fallen priest and notorious spy. We have a letter of his, written to some friends after his first examina- tion, but before he knew what fate was reser\-ed for him. It expresses great pietj- and perfect resignation, and acknow- ledges it as a favour of God that he should hai-e been appre- hended on St. Jerome's day, which was the anniversary of his first Mass. Xo particulars relating to his trial have been pre- scr\-cd, but he was condemned to the penalties of high treason on account of his priestly functions, and suffered at York.

St. Alfrick. SE. Edmund.

Car. 41, C<ih. I, 2, 3, 4, s, 12, I3<i, 4, 16, IS,

Miirl. K. 37. 39. 56, 58, 5g, 63, 91.

L--/;. Chal. (g April). Marls. Rom., 1, K, L, M, Q, R.

IIisl. Malmesb. Pont., i., § 20; ii., g Lrg. Tinm., fol. 2636; Cxpgt., SdL

Hj. 716; Nov. LcB-i fol- "i^i Whill

GitvaBC, Act. Pont. (Twysd. Col., Sar.; W, i and 2; Chal

iri4K). Hiif. Life in Surius, vol. vL,p. 365.

Si. M.-iTRarct. Knyghton (Twysd. Col., >43l).

Ciilt. 4. 7, 131'. V. Edward OabaldiaUm.

Miirl. Rum. (iiijtinc). /fi'jf. Challoner's Misi. Pricita, vol. i,

l.<i;. 'I'iniM, , fill. iK,|A; CnrRi'.i fol. Aichiv. WcBtmon., iv., p. 117 i Cata-

it<y,i\ Niiv. l.i'p;., fill, ^^^l>■, Whilf. lofruet.

Ailil.; W. I ;iiiil j; CIihI. Archiv.WeBtman.,Champney,|xgia. Hi if. i ill' liv Tlii'iHloiii-, lici I'linfuHsor

iMoll,, ihi viij. <>( .U1111-, |l. .|.-^). Siini-iiii liiiiK'lin,, (!i"it. Ki*K>, A.l^.

i<i;fi. I''lo[., A.lv tivj,i.

NOV. 17.]

MENOLOGV.

551

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY.

At tht Abbey of Streaneshalch, since ealUd Whitby, »a Yorkshire^ ilu dcpositictt a/ St. Hilda, Vir^n and Abbess. — Ai Lincoln, the dcpositioH of St. H UGH, Con/essor, and Dishap of that eity.

St Hilda, St. Hilda was of the royal house of Deira, ^'jto!'*'' ^'^^^ the daughter of Hcrcric. the nephew of St. Mo. Edwin. She had received baptism from St. Paulinus at the same time as the Kinfj, being then thirteen years of age. The first half of Iier life she spent in the world in great virtue and honour; but when she had reached the age of thirty-three, .she resolved to retire to the Monastery of Chcilcs, in France. With this object in view, Hilda went into East AngUa to join her sister St Hercswith, who was then living in a monastery, with the same intention of leaving her native land. A year passed before they could carry out their design, and in the ineantinic St. AidAn recalled Hilda to establish a religious community in Northumbria,

At first she was placed over a few sisters in a small posses- sion on the north bank of the Wear, but after a year went to the Monastery of St. Hicii, al Hartlepool, and eventun.lly succeeded to the government of it Finally.uhe removed to Streaneshalch, aftenvnrd called Whitby, to establish the great foundation known as Whitby Abbey. St. Hilda was remarkable for her natural gifts, as well as her singular piety. Not only did St. Aidan and other rcJigious men set great value on her judg- ment and counsel, but Icings and secular persons frequently bad recourse to her for advice. Her monastery was a double one, including a bouse of monks, as well as another for the sisterhood. Among those trained in the dwelling of the men were the great prelates, Hosa, Aetia, Oftfor, John of Beverley, and Wilfrid the Younger. With them also was associated the holy poet St Ccdmon, whose divine gift becoming known when he wa.t but the cattlc-kccpcr of the community, caused the holy Abbess to promote him to the religious habit. Among the holy women here brought up it is enough to

SS3

MENOLOGY.

pfOV. 17.

mention St ElBeda, the consecrated daughter of Oswy, who became the second Abbess of the house: ^

St H ilda was atBictcd with a long illness of seven years dV fore her death, which she bore w-ith admirable patience and holy joy. During this time she never failed to gi\'e thanks to God, or to instruct her daughters in the way of Christian perfection. At length thcwishcd-forcnd came; Towards daybreak on the 17th November she was fortified with the Holy Viaticum, and once more called the sisterhood together; and while she was still exhorting them to charity, with joy she saw death approach, or rather from death passed to everlasting life. Her passage was in^antly made laiou'n in a vision to a nun named Begu iu the dependent Monastery of Hacloiess, who saw her gloriously carried up to heaven. The Abbey of St Hilda continued to flourish till the Danish invasion, when, like so many others, it was dcstroj-cd, and the relics of the holy foundress were translated to Glastonbury. Many years later, after the Norman Conquest, the monastery was rebuilt William dc Pcrc>*, as an abbey for men.

BUM

rfCSc

St Hugh. St. Hugh was a native of Burgundy, ^^A.'d'^"' belonged to an illustrious family. On the death aoa. of his mother, he was sent for his education to a monastery of Regular Canons near his father's castle, to whidl his father himself soon after retired, to end his days in the religious habit Hugh made great progress in his stud: was ordained deacon, and charged with the care of a pa: Havint; accompanied the Abbot on a visit to the G Chartreuse near Grenoble, he was so captivated with the holy solitude and the admirable ctiursc of life he witnessed thcre^ that he soon found an opiwrlunily of returning, and embraced that state himself Under that discipline he became a truly perfect religions, devoted to prayer and all pious exercises, and faithful to all its austerities. Yet he was afflicted with sore temptations, permitted for the greater purification of soul, and not removed till many years later, when he delivered by the special intervention of our Blessed Lady. Hugh was mode procurator of the Chartreuse, and

[NOV. 17.

MENOLOGY.

553

appointment was the occasion of his becoming known in the world as an abte and holy man. At this lime King Henry II. had begun the foundation of a Carthusian Priory at Witham, in Somerset ; but it did not seem to prosper, for want of an experienced Superior to direct it. Accordingly, he applied to the community of the Chartreuse to have Hugh sent to England to undertake tlie work, an invitation whidi. after mature deliberation, they felt bound to accept

At Witham the aspect of things entirely changed under his care. A considerable community of fervent monks vm soon establiKhed, and the King not only granted all he asked for the foundation, but showed great deference, at least out- wardly, for the honcat admonitions and counsels he received from him. Meanwhile the See of Lincoln had been long v.icant. and greatly needed a pastor, and at length the King allowed the Chapter to proceed to an election, at which Hugh was chosen Biithop.

The holy man positively refused the charge, on the pica that the choice had been made in order to please the King, and was not free; but when a second clcctton had been held with the same result, he was at length obliged to yield. His new flock soon began to experience the bene- fits of his holy and watchful rule. Abuses of all kinds were corrected, among the clei^ and the people, with a gcntlencs.s which .thou*cd his charity', and firmness which proved hi.s /.cn.1. He wa<; assiduous tn his visitations, in the administration of the Sacraments, and in preaching the Word of God, The protection of the poor and the oppressed was his peculiar care, and he was famous for the energy and success with which he controlled the tyranny of the royal foresters, who, wherever tliey were found, were the terror of the poor people. He also visited the sick, and found especial consolation in bathing and kissing the wounds of the poor lepers. St. Hugh lived in difficult times; but he displayed singular prudence, as well as firmness, when his duty required him to resist the violent and arbitrary measures of Henry II. and Richard I. King John only succeeded to the crown at the last period of the Saint's life, and in that short interval

554

MENOLOGY.

[NOV. la

show«d him great respect. He chose him &s his envoy to the King of France to conclude terms of peace, in which he was successful. On his return, he took the opportunity of paying a farewell visit to the Great Chartreuse, and reached London in safet>'. But before he could act out for his o«ti diocese he was seized with a violent fever, ]^e received the last Sacraments with true devotion, but lingered on for several weeks, and was accustomed to have the Divine Office recited by his clergy in his sick-room. When he became aware that his last hour was at hand, he ordered the floor of his chamber to be swept, and a large cross of ashes to be traced upon it On this he caused himself to be laid, and in that posture of humility and devotion gave up his soul to God. The funeral of St. Hugh took place at Lincoln, and was attended by King John, and William, King of Scots, who had come to pay the accustomed homs^e to the English monarch, by three arch- bishops, fourteen bishops, more than a hundred abbots, and a multitude of earls and barons of the realm. St Hugh accomplished many great works, among which was the cora- plctioti of the noble Cathedral of Lincoln, Both during his life and after death he was distinguished by the gift of miracles. Three paralytics, among other sick, recovered their health at his tomb, and he was solemnly canonized by Pope Honorius [II. Eighty years after his deposition, the remains of the Saint were translated on the 7th of October, when the venerable body was found incorrupt

Bl Hnda. St. Ilueh.

Calt. ijfl, ft, f , 63. Ctth. I. 4. 5. 7. II. 18, 14. 56, 58, 95.

Marh. L, M. <i [»l*o on 15 Aug.). Marl,. Rom., M, P, Q, R.

Lfg. Tinm., fol. tSCti; Capgt.. fol. 'Ltg. Tinm.. fol. itWn; CanP.. fol.

14^6; Nov. teg,, fol. 17911; Whit£ Sar.; W. I and xi Chal, Hitt.beia, iii.,c. 33.

14^: Nov. Leg.. fol.iS&ai Whiil Sai.i Vi. I antl i; Cbil.

Hill. Lite in Surius(anon. contQm|c).

Biomlon (Twyid, Col., 1335).

Knyghlon |Twy»d. Co).. Mil^.

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY. ' At Lambeth, f^ Htposition of Ihf hoty and learned CardiMoi Reginald Pole, tAt tost Arehbish^ cf Canterbury, and tkt sixty-tightk in suutssion from St. Augustine.

NOV. la]

MENOLOGV.

SS5

Card. Regl- REGINALD POLE was the son of Sir Richard naJd Pole, poj^^ Knight, cousin by half-blood of King I leniy

155& VI I.. and of his wife the martyrtd Margaret Plan- tagenet, Countess of Salisbury, daughter of Clarence, the brother of King Edward IV. and Richard III. Reginald having studied some years at Oxford, and having made choice of the ecclesiastical state, was appointed to a canonry of Salisbury and the deanery of Exeter, and then proeecded to the illustrious University of Padua. During his residence there of five years he greatly distinguished himself, and gained the friendship of several eminent men. He was then recalled to England ; but he was seldom seen at Court, preferring to live in retirement and study in the rooms he had talcen at the Charterhouse. When Hcniy VIII. set on foot his iniquitous project of a divorce from Queen Catherine, Reginald, fore- seeing the embarrassment in which he was likely to find himself, withdrew to Paris, and remained there a year, but was followed by the ilattcrcrs of the King, and, as in con- science bound, declared his conviction of the unlawfulness of the measure.

Whether Henry heard of this answer or not, he seemed at the time to take no notice of it. and Pole thought he might safely return to London. But his sccurit>' did not last long. As he was already much distinguished, both at home and abroad, it was felt to be of the utmost importance to secure his decision in favour of the King's cause ; and accordingly he wa.s summoned to Court, flattered by the King, and offered cither the archbishopric of York or the bishopric of Winchester, on condition of his accepting the views of the King. Reginald, however, was true to his conscience, and plainly declared that the divorce would be contrary to the law of God. The King was so enraged at this reply that he laid his hand on his dagger, with the thought of stabbing him on the spot ; but, his anger cooling a little, he allowed him to retire without proceeding further at the moment, and even gave him time to quit the kingdom.

After some time spent at Avignon and elsewhere, Pole once more established himself at Padua, and resumed the life

556

MF.XOLOGY.

[NOV. t8.

of study and devotion, which xvzs most conformable to his taste \Vhilc he was there, news arrived announcing that FIcnry had renounced the Papal supremacy, and before long a^ messenger came to summon him to return to England. On his refusal he was stripped of his ecclesiastical preferments, and not lung after declared a traitor, a large reward being offered to anyone who would bring him, alive or dead, to the King.

It was about this time that Paul III. resolved to convene the Ecumenical Council held at Trent ; and as he wished to avail himself of the services of Pole, he insisted on creating him Cardinal and appointing him one of the Legates to preside at the august assembly. His reputation had now so widely increased, that on the death of the same Pope, Cardinal Pole was on the very point of being elected to the Chair of St. Peter, had not the coldness with which he received the proposals of his colleagues obliged them to turn their thoughts to another,

The Cardinal remained in Italy till the death of Edward Vf.; but, on the accession of Mary, was appointed Legate for the reconciliation of the kingdom to the Church, and the iicttlemcnt of ecclesiastical aflaurs. Hts arrival was deferred, for political reasons, for some time, but at length he reached Lon- don, and was welcomed with incredible joy by the people, the greater part being still Catholic ; and on the Feast of St Andrew, 30th November, 1554. in full Parliament, pronounced the nation reconciled to the Church, and remitted all ecclesiastical penalties incurred by the past schism and heresy. Shortly afterward he was nominated Archbishop of Canterbury, and, being as yet only a deacon, was ordained priest and conse- crated bishop. In his double capacity of Legate and Frimate, he pursued his great work with prudence and energy ; but time failed him before the vast undcrtaWng could be com- pleted.

His end was holy and edifying, as all his life had been. He was seized with a violent ague, which his constitu- tion had not strength to resist. The day before his death be received the last Sacraments from his former secretary, Thomas Goldweii, Bishop of St. Asaph, who was to be the

NOV. 19.]

MENOLOGY.

55?

last survivor of the ancient hierarchy. Cardinal Pole survived Queen ^!a^J■ but a few hours, and was spared the affliction of witnessing the ruin of his cherished hopes, so soon to follow under Elizabeth. Thus died the last Archbishop of Canter- bury, a worthy successor of our first, apostle, St. Augustine. ■

The Sec has never been filled Mnce that day, but was not I'ormally abolished till the restoration of the hierarchy with new dioceses, by Pius IX., on the 29th September, rSsa Thefl remains of the Cardinal were conveyed to Canterbury, and buried in the chapel of the great St. Thomas, There his tomb remains to the present day. happily undisturbed, though | unfinislicd and unadorned.

Hitl. Bcccalilli'c Life.

Life in Dodd. rol. I.

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

At Minslcr-in-Thanct, M< (UposUicH p/St, Ekmenburga, ' oiJierzvise tailed DojrNEVA, Widvw and Abbess. — At York, tMf deposition of iht ArcMnsht^ EcHERT, a leamtd and ual&us prtlau, as is tatifitd 6y St. B<de.

St Emeu- ST. ERMF.NBURGA.Othenvise called DOMNE\'A,

wl^on ^"^^ ^"^ daughter of Enncnrcd, King of Kent, and

A.D. ' his wife 0»Uf. She was gi^'^ >" niiirrtagc tafl

'*'***' Mcrewald, the .son of Penda, and governor of the ■western province of the kingdom of Mercia. She and her pious husband devoted themselves to the spread of religion tri their territory, and still more to their own perfection in Christian holiness of life. They were the happy parents of a iamily of Saints. Their daughters were St. Milburga, Sti Mildred, and St. Mildgyth, and their son, the holy child SL Mercfin, who was " led away to heaven in his youth ". m

Si. Krmcnburga was called into Kent to settle the repara-1 tion to be made for the murder of her brothers, the Martyrs Ethelrcd and Ethclbcrt, and Mcrewald consented, for the greater perfection of both, tliat they should continue to live, apart for the rest of their days. ^|

On her arrival. King Egbert, penitent for his share in the

558

MENOLOGY.

[NOV. 10.

crime, oflcrcd to pay whatever -wtregild, or compensation, Ermcnbui^a should require. She asked for as much land for a monastery as the tame deer, which followed her when travelling, could run through in a single course. The King assented, and the experiment was made, the Queen and her company following; tlie hind in its zigzag course, till it had enclosed an area of 10^000 acrcsu Within this the Monastery' of Minstcr-in-Tbanct was erected, on the banks of the Wantsumc, which then separated the island from the main- land. The church and domestic buildings having been com- pleted and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin in memory of the two Martyrs, by St. TTicodore the Archbishop, Ermcnburga, who henceforth assumed the rclig^ious name of Domneva, or Domtna Eva or Ebba, undertook its government. Her eldest daughter, Milburga, retired to the Priory of Wenlock ; the youngest, Mildgylli, was destined to follow the religious life at some monastery in Northumbrin ; and Mildred, who was eventually to succeed her mother at Minster, was sent to the Abbey of Chcllcs, in France, to receive a perfect religious training.

St. Domneva had the compilation of admitting St Mildred to her community on her return from France, with the rites practised on such occasions ; and it would seem that after a few years she resigned the government into her hands. St. Domneva lived till about the end of the seventh century, and after exhibiting a pattern of many virtues, encouraging many, both men and women, in the practices of a holy life, she went forth, bearing in her hand the lamp of her holy deeds, to meet the Spouse, and hear Him invite her to receive a heavenly crown.

Egbert Abp,. The illustrious prelate Egkkrt was brother of *t^ St. Edbert, King of Northumbria, who resigned his crown and embraced the clerical state at York. Egbert laboured with unwearied zeal for the bcncHt of his Sock, and was a great promoter of learning. He founded the School of York, which had a world-wide reputation, and pro- vided it with an admirable library. Alcuin,who was its most

NOV. aa]

MENOLOGY.

559

distinguished pupil, in a letter to Charlemagne speaks of these books, and asks to be allowed to send some of his scholars to import into France some of these " flowers of Britain ". The same eminent man, in his metrical history of the Bishops of York, writes in the highest terms of his master Egbert, not only in respect of his learning, but of his holy life, zeal for God's service and the beauty of His house, as well as his other great merits. St. Bede was an intimate friend and adviser of this great Archbishop, and his last written work is supposed to be the long letter to Egbert, which is still preserved, on the much-needed revival of ecclesiastical discipline. It was after the death of St Bede that Egbert recovered for the See of York the archiepiscopal pallium, which had never been granted by the Holy See to any of the Bishops of North- umbria since the death of St Paulinus, the first apostle of that kingdom. .

St. Ennenbni^ Ug. W. I wh)2; Cbal. Hitt. Malmeab. Reg., i.. S 76 ; Pont.,

hr., % i8r. Flor., i., p. 33, and Oenealogies. Smeon Dunelm., Reg. (Twysd. Col.,

90). MS., edited by Cockayne (Leechdoms,

\tA. iii>, p. 413}-

Egbert. Lig. Chal. (25 Nov.). Hist. Beda, Ep. to Egbert. Alcuin, de Pont. Ebor., v., 1248

(Gale, ii., p. 725], Malmesb. Pont., iii., § 112. Simeon Dunelm. (Twysd. Col., xi.,

106). .

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

At Hoxon, formerly called Henglesdon, and at Bury-St- Edmunds, in Suffolk, the passion of St. Edmund, King and Martyr.

SLEdmimd, EDMUND was of the ancient royal house of jj^'^'^ East Anglia ; but owing to wars among the Eng- 870. lish princes, there had been a long interruption in the succession before he was called to the throne, at the tender age of fifteen. Edmund reigned fifteen years, under the superior lordship of Ethelred of Wessex ; and though so young for so heavy a charge, in this brief period he succeeded

S«o

MENOLOGY.

[NOV. 30.

in restoring happiness to his alBicted people, in revii-ing a religious spirit among them, and in fostering every virtue and good work. His own life was not only blameless in the eyes of men, but precious and holy before God. The protection And mftintcnancc of widows and oq>hans, and of the helpless in general, was his work of predilection, and the recitation of the piialtcr and other exercises of devotion were his best recreation after the laborious duties of his oflficc

This happy state of the people of East Anglia was too soon brought to an end. by the terrible invasion of the pagan Danes, who, after devastating Northumbria, and parts of Mercia, with Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire, and other districts, at length, in violation of treaties they had made, approached the territories of Edmund. The holy King met them in battle at Thctford. and was for the moment success- ful i but the enemy soon received large reinforcements, and resistance was found to be impftssible. The King was retreat- ing towards his Castle of Framlingham when overtaken by Hinguar and his troops at Hcnglcsdon. His life was offered him on conditions which his Hdelity to the religion of Christ would not allow him to accept ; and the cruel barbarian was so exasperated by his constancy, that he ordered him to be bound to a tree, arid allowed his men to shoot at him with their bows till his whole body was covered with thcirarrows. At length he ordered his head to be severed from the body, and thrown into the wood. St Edmund was buried where he fell, and the head, discovered by a miraculous pillar of light, was interred in the same spot ; but in a short time the entire remains were transported to Kingston, a manor of his own, hereafter known as St. Edmimdsbury, where at first a church of timber was erected, which became in the course of time the glorious Church and Abbey of St. Edmunds. The tomb of the holy Martyr was from the first, and ever continued to be, the scene of innumerable miracles, many of which have been duly recorded.

In the year 920, to escape the profanation of the still threatening Danes, the sacred relics were removed to Lon- don, and remained in the Church of St Gregory for about

NOV. 21.] MENOLOGY. S6f

three years, after which they were restored to their proper resting-place. It was in 1020 that King Canute, the Dane, then a fervent Christian, ordered the building of the great abbey, in reparation of the injuries which his father Sweyn had offered to tihe Saint. Few Saints were more honoured in England than this great Martyr, and at one time his festival was kept as a day of obligation throughout the country. One of his most devout clients was the holy King Henry VI., whose great consolation was found in the retreats which he made at the Abbey of St Edmund's.

Hmnbert, HUMBERT, Bishop of Elmham, or of East

Bp., Hart Anglia, was put to death by the Danes about the

same time with St. Edmund, and is mentioned by historians

as a Saint and Martyr, though it does not appear that he was

publicly honoured as such.

At Toulouse, it is believed that the relics of St. Edmund are preserved in a cbtuch of that city, having been furtively carried away by the Dauphin when he invaded England in the reign of John. The story, however, seems not to have been known in England.

St. Edmund.

Cah. I, 3, 3, 4,5, g, II, 13a, b, c, 14, Hitt. Flor., a.d, 780 (Sunday)-, Mal-

15, 18, 14, 26. 37, 38. 39, 41, 48, 54, meab. Reg., ii., § 313.

5^58.59163,65,67,95,102. Malmesb. PoM., ii., g 74; Life in

Martt. Rom., H, I, K, L, P, Q, R. Surius, vol. vi., p. 440.

Ltg. Tinm,, fol. agio; Capgr., fol. St, Humbert.

74*; Nov. Leg., fol. 1070; WhitT, Leg. W. i and 2; Chal.

Sai.i W. I and 2; Chal.

THE TWENTY-FIRST DAY.

At Winchester, t/ie pious memory of the holy Widow, Agatha, Princess of Hungary, and motlter of St. Margaret of Scotland, and also of her younger daughter CHRISTINA, both of whom embraced tlu religious state.

AnUtt, Agatha, the mother of St. Mai^aret of Scot-

^A^n"' land, was the wife of Edward, the younger son of

jioo t Edmund Ironside, King of England. On the

ther 36

'■ death of their father, which was followed by the

562

MENOLOGT.

[NOV. 33. 23.

usurpation of Canute, he and his brother took refuge in Hun- gary, and were generously received by the King, who at that time appears to have been St. Stephen. This prince subse- quently married his own daughter to Eclniund, who died without children, and arranged a marriage between Edward and the daughter of his brother-in-law. This princess was Agatha, who seems to have been the daughter of Bruno, a brother of St Henry the Emperor, and Gisla, wife of Stephen. Agatha eondiicted her daughter Margaret to Scotland, and sooner or later after her marriage went back to England, and epibraccd the religious life in the Monastery of Winches- ter. In some later martyrologies her name is recorded as a Saint.

Christina. CHRISTINA was the younger daughter of

iiw*"' Edward Outrcmere and Agatha, and younger No Day. sister of St. Margaret She accompanied her mother and sister, as it would seem, to Scotland, but returned to England cither before her mother or at the same time with her. At first she went to the monastery at Wilton, or more probably at Winchester, which was the chosen retreat of Agatha, but afterwards to Rumsey, in Hampshire, where she made her religious profession. No special incidents relating to her have been recorded, but she is said to have led a saintly life, and her name appears in our later martyrologies,

^X- (Ae>t^) 'W'. I and 1 ; Chil. IJIU. LiCcof St. Mar£uct (BalL. itth

(CIlriiKns) W. I and 1 i Chal. vol. of June, p. 335].

THE TWENTV-SECOND DAV. /« Wales, the festival of ^T. DevnIOLEN, Virgin.

THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY.

Tke pirns mtmory of ilu virtuous Prince MerewalD, tht fiHs6and of St. Ermenburga, and father of a /amity of Saints.

NOV. 24.]

MENOLOGY.

563

MeramU,

A.D.

700c

NoDky.

Merewald, the husband or St Enncnbui^a, or Domneva, and the father of a holy family,

fo D»7. Is himself distinguished by tlie title of Saint in our ancient chronicles. He was one of the younger sons of Penda. and was appointed under-king or governor of the western province of the kingdom of Mcrcia, He was con- verted to Christianity by the preaching and miracles of St Eadbcrt, who had come from Northumbrja to evangelize that country'. Merewald became a most fcn-ent Christian, and had the happiness of marrying an illustrious Saint, Ermcnburga, otherwise called Domneva, daughter of Er- menrcd of Kent, by whom he became the father of three holy daughters, St. Milburga, St. Mildred, and St Mildgyth, and of a son, Mercfin, also called Saint, but carried to heaven in his early >'Outh.

These holy spouses devoted themselves to the spread of religion among their subjects. The Priories of Leominster and Wenlock were founded, to the latter of which their daughter St. Milburga retired to spend her life in God's service. In the course of time, St Merewald, for the sake of grealer perfection, consented to a complete separation from his holy wife, and allowed her to return to Kent where the Monastery of Minstcr-in-Thanet was established under her auspices. When St Merewald was called to a better life, his body was buried at his daughter's monastery at VV''enlock,and bis head carried to his own first foundation at Leominster. He was succeeded in his government by bis brother Mercclm, himself honoured as a Saint, though his Acts have not been preserved.

tliil. MS., cd. tiy Cocluync (Lecch-

domt, vol. iiii, p. 4I1]. Flor., Geii«Ed., p. a6i.

Lcland. Collect., u., p. 166 ifrom

GOHCclin). DuedaleMonuL, v.,p, 55.

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY.

J*/ Whitby, //u fioly memory a/ St, EaNFLEDA, Widoto^ Qtuen 6f Nortkumbria.—At Bieuzy, in Brittany, thtpcssion of St. Bieuzy. PHtst and Martyr.

5^4

MENOLOGY.

[NOV. 34.

St Ewifle«l«, Eanfleda was the daughter of St. Edwin and ^''g'*' St. Ethclbui^a of Kent. On the night of her 700 c birth her father had a wonderful escape from the at- ** '■ tack of an assassin^nd promised, that if he recovered from his wound he would become a Christian, and meanwhile consented that St Pauiinus should baptise his infant daughter. Accordingly she was admitted to that sacrament on the Feast of Pentecost, together with eleven others, the first-fruits of the Northumbrian mission. Eanfleda was only seven years of age when her father fell in the battle of Hatfield, whereupon she, with her mother and brothers, was conducted by St. Paulinus to Kent. En the course of time she was mRrrted to Oswy, King of Northumberland^ by ivhom she was the mother of St. Elflcda, the second Abbess of Whitby. Eanfleda was attended by her chaplain from Kent, and kept Easter aAer the Roman Calendar, as did the deacon James at York, but without any breach of communion with St Aidan and the Northumbrians, though the obvious inconvenience of the ar- rangement was onu of the reasons for introducing at a later period uniformity of practice. It was at the suggestion of this pious queen that a monastery was founded at Gilling in expiation of the cruel murder of Sl Oswin, King of Deira. She was also a protectress of St Wilfrid, having obtained his admission to Lindisfarne when he was only fourteen years of ago, and afterwardsencouraging his projected journey to Rome and providing him with recommendations to her kindred in Kent

On the death of her husband, St Eanfleda retired to Whitby, and passed the remainder of her days in exercises of devotion and in humble obedience to her own daughter St Elfleda. St. Eanfleda was buried in the Abbey Church, where her husband Oswy already reposed.

St Bieuzy, St. Bieuzy was a native of Great Britain, who

TtbCenL **'■''"' **> Brittany to follow a solitarj' life and

became a disciple of St Gildas, succeeding him in

his hermitage at Blavet. We have no authentic Acts of his

life ; but he is said to have been chosen parish priest of the

NOV. 35.]

MENOLOGY.

565

district, and to have been gifted with miraculous powers. It is said that he sufTeref.! iriRTtyrdom at the hand of a wicked and violent man. for refusing to be unfaithful in the exercise of his pastoral office. His head is preserved and venerated in the Church of Fluvigni, in the diocese of Vanncs.

St. BanAeda. Ut. W. t »nd 3 ; ChcL tfitt, BciU,li., c 9. 30; lii.,c. I J, I4t as; T., c ig.

SL Bieuzy. Hilt. Lobin^Mi, Sftintt Ae DrcUgnc,

THE TWENTY-FIFTH DAY.

At Stowe, rifar IVtedon. in NortkamptoHshtre, tht holy memory of St. Alnoth, Hermit, Martyr.

St. AInotfa.

M..

AD.

700 c

HoD»7.

condition.

^H St. AInotfa. Alnoth was a herdsman on the land of St. ^H AD Wcrbui^s monastery at Weedon. He was a

^H iT**^ Tna.n of great piety and simplicity, following the

ways of Christian perfection according to his On one occasion St. VVerburg gave remarkable testimony to his sanctity. She chanced to sec the steward in a violent rage most cruelly chastising the poor herdsman for some supposed fault or neglect. Enlightened by God, she knew that he was guiltless ; but instead of using her authority as mistress, with all humility she threw herself at the steward's feet and implored him to spare an innocent man, one whom she believed to be more acceptable to God than any amongst them. St Alnoth led the life of an anchorite in the woods of Stowc, not far from Wccdon, and In that solitude he was murdered by robbers who Infested the neighbourhood. Plunder cannot have been the object of these evil men in the commts* sion of this crime ; and, as the holy hermit is counted among the Martyrs, we may suppose that their motive was a hatred of religion and holiness of life. This holiness was attested by miracles both at the time of his death and subsequently. He was buried at Stowe ; and the writer who gives an account of him some centuries later assures us that in the places where he was known, the memory of his virtues was still perpetuated and a festival celebrated in his honour.

$66

MENOLOGY.

[NOV. 36.

Li/i of SI. Wrthufg, luppoHd lo be by OtMcelb— " lecolitor feniva ". Ltg. W. 1 itnd 1 : Chil. //'if. Bo1landi!il&. toI. iii.. p. 3S9;

L«tand'4 CollwCt.. vol. ii., p[>. fio.

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

At York, t^e r»ariynfam of tlu venerable servants of God, Hugh Tayij3R, Priesly and Marmaduke BowE-S, Layman.

V. Hn^ Hugh T.WLOR was a native of Durham, who,

^mS'v ' having received his education at Rheim-s was Mumaduke ordained and sent on the Mission in 1584. The

" A^. ' period of his apostolic labours was brief, as he was ifiSS arrested at York in the following year. He wa.s condemned for being a pne<>t, and having faculties from the Sec of Rome for the reconciliation of the Queen's subjects to the Church, and for denying her spiritual :iuprenia<^'. He was executed with all the penalties of high treason.

Marhaduke Bowes was a married gentleman of Angram Grange and AppJcton in Cleveland, and was tried for receiving into his house or otherwise befriending; Hugh Taylor. The two Martyrs were condemned and executed at the same time. Mr. Bowes, though always a Catholic in heart, had outwardly conformed to the religion of the State ; and it was deemed a great grace that he had so glorious an occasion of expiating his offence; A contemporary report says that "he died very willingly and professed his faith, with great repentance for having Hvcd in schism ".

Hugh Taylor and Marmadukc Howes were the first to sufTer death under the new Act of Farliamcnt, so notorious as the 27th of Eliinbeth. ITic severity of the persecution was at this time much aggravated, and in the course of the year there were numerous arrests of priests and laymen. Early in tlic )'car thirty-one persons, who were confined in the various prisons of London on account of religion, were shipped off to France, and banished the kingdom forever. In September, by order of the Council, thirty-two priests and two laymen

KOV. 27.]

MENOLOGY.

567

were treated in the same manner ; and about the same time, from one of the northern ports, eighteen uthcrs, most of them aged and infirm, were also driven into exile. It was also in igSs that the four followint; priests died in gaol and suffered for the Faith :^

In the Marshatsea, after two years' confinement, Thomas Crowther, a native of Herefordshire, priest of Douay Col- lege, and a graduate in theolc^y of that University. He was a man of extraordinary abilities and learning, and very distinguished as a mis^loner. At the Gatehouse, in London, Laurence Vaux, at one time warden of the Collegiate Church of Manchester. lie had been a wnvicior in the Colleges of Douay and Rhcims, and afterwards became a Canon Regular. He was thrown into prison by Aylmcr, the Protestant Bishop of London. EdwarD I'OOLE, who was sent from Kbeims in 15S0, and was arrested the same year. Lastly, John Jltter, who was ordained sub-deacon at Rhcims in isSr, and, it is supposed, was afterwards made priest in Rome

In the course of the same year. Dr. Worthington, in his Catal<^uc, records the martyrdom of N. HAMILTON, which took place at Lincoln. He was one of the priests who had been ordained in Queen Mary's time, and was convicted for exercising his sacred office and rejecting the ixtyal supremacy in matters of religion.

Hut. Ch>]|oncr'( MiEt. Pncst*,*ol. i. Contertuio, Ibl. soji. Ootimy DUric*.

Worthington 'k Catalogue.

Archiv. Wcsln:ion.,CkBnipne7,p. 813.

THE TWENTY-SEVENTH DAY.

At the Abbey of Ccme, in Dorsetshire, tht festival 0/ St. EdWOLD, Htrmit anJ Confessor.

St. EdwoM, Edwold was brother of St. Edmund, King and

"'"aIdT'"'^"^*'^''' ^'*^' ^^*" witnessing the misfortunes of

•7* c. his house and country, resolved to forsake this

** ' deceitful world, and prepare for eternity by a life

of solitude and rigorous mortification. The retreat he chose

568

MENOLOGY.

rov. 38.

was Cerne or CcrncI, in Dorsetshire, a spot said to have been formerly visited by St Augustine, in his attempt to convert the people of those parts.

There Edwold lived in a solitary cell, tasting nothing but bread and water, and giving himself up to exercises of devo- tion. Me died with a reputation of great holiness ; and the veneration with which he was regarded in later years induced Egelward. a wealthy nobleman, to build a monastery in honour of St. Peter over the place of his burial.

L*g, Tinm., fel. 330b ; Capgr., Tol. Hill. Maimtab. Pont. iL, | 84. W; Nov. Leg., fol. I KM. Whitf. Add. ; W. I vid 2 ; Chil.

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

At York. r/i£ passion of the Blessed James Thompson, Priest and Martyr, -whc suffered for the Faith under Elizabeth.

a jwnM Blessed James Thompson, otherwise called Thompson. Hudson, was born in Yorkshire, and went to the AD. College at Rhcims for his ecclesiastical education. ™' In the year 1 581 he was sent on ilie Mission, but in the following August was arrested in the house of a Catholic gentleman, who was himself at that time a prisoner for the Faith. Thompson was examined before the magistrates in the usual munner,and acknowledged that he was a priest, and that his object ivas to reconcile schismatics to the Church, though his bad health had prevented him from labouring much. When told that he had admitted enough for his conviction, his answer was, " Blessed be God". At his trial the sentence was pronounced in the usual form, and the holy man .ipent the rest of his time on earth in fervent praycr.and in labouring to gain souls to God. He had abundant opportunity for this good worlr, as he was conRncd in the common gaol with a number of felons, and through the grace of God some of them were induced to renounce their errors and die good penitent Catholics, refusing to the last to listen to the words of the ministers, who sought to (xn-crt them. The blessed man

NOV. ao.]

MENOLOGY.

569

declared thjtt he had never been so jo/ful as on the day of his execution and that he died in and for the Catholic Faith. He prayed most devoutly, and resigning his soul to God, happily consummated his sacrifice. It was noticed with great aston- ishment by the spectators that, while hanging on the gallows, he struck his breast, and, raising his right hand, distinctly made the sign of the Cross.

Hitl, BtiAgyrUer't ConccrUlio, ibi.

tot. Cballoner't Himl Prieiu, vol. L

Arehiv. WeaUMn. , Chunpney, p. 7;4. Dvcn* of BcktiScation,

THE TWENTY-NINTH DAY. At Hcnllan. ia Dtnbighikire. tfu festival of St. Sadwrn,

^^ or Saturninus, Hermit, menliantti in tfu Acts of St. WtHc- I friJ, /*> whom iJu Church of Hcnllan and others in Wales are

[ dedicated.— At Athelney. in Somerset, l/ufeslii'atof St. Ecel-

^L WINE. Confessor. — At Launceston, in Cormvall, the piusim of ^» /^5A-«f</CUTHBERT MaiHE, Priest, the ^rst Martyroftht L Er^lish seminaries established abroad. — At York, tlu martyr-

^B domefikt VenerabU Euward BURDEN, Priest, ^t ta death ^^ for Ids saeerdotal character. — Also at York, in a later year, the ] passion of the venerable senaais of God, Georgz Errington,

William Knight, William Giosott, and Henrv Abbot, a/l Laymen, who gloriously sacrificed their Uvts for their coura- geous profession of the Catholic Faith.

St. E^wtne. St ECELWtME was a brother of Kcncvi-alch, 7th Cent '^'"E 0*^ tiic West Saxons, but more illustrious for his eminent sanctity than for his royal birth. He was continually afiflictcd with sickness, but did not on that account relax his fervent resolution of serving God in Chris* tian perfection. The holy man persevered in this course till his blessed death, and after that by his miracles and availing intercession continued to show himself the watchful protector of those who had recourse to him. The Abbey of Athelney was not erected until a later period ; but it was there that the memory of SL Egelwine was held in especial veneration.

570

lOLOGY.

rov. SO.

B. Cuthbert The Blessed CUTHBERT MAINE merits our a!d. singular reverence as being the first of the many 'S77' Martyrs, sent by the English seminaries on the Continent for the maintenance of the Faith in this country'. The Martyr was born near Barnstaple, in Devonshire, and at the age of eighteen or nineteen was made a Protestant minis- ter, at the instance of his uncle, a schismatical priest, who wished to secure for him the succession to his benefice. At this time Maine himself declared that he knew neither what the ministry nor religion meant ; but he went to Oxford for the purpose of study. For a time he was at St. Alban's Hall, but was soon chosen chaplain of St. John's College, where he gained the affection of all his acquaintance. Among others there were certain Catliolics, wlio were greatly interested in his welfare, and spoke to him so convincingly that he became s;itisiied of the truth of the Catholic religion.

Still he lingered at Oxford and began a correspondence on the subject with Edmund Campion and Gregory' Martin. One of those letters fell into the hands of Uie Bishop, whose suspi- cions were excited and who ordered his arrest. Maine was at that time absent from Oxford, and being informed of the search that was made for him, instead of returning, betook himself to the College of Douay, tlien just founded. There he was re- ceived into the Church, and punued his studies, till he took the degree of Bachelor in Theology and was ordained pricsL In the year 1576 he was sent by Dr. Allen on the Mission, and began his labours at the house of Mr. Trcgian at Golden, near Truro. The following year the sheriff of the county and the Bishop of Exeter ordered a search to be made in Mr. Tregian's house, and at once arrested the missioncr. It was before tlie tyrannical Act was passed, which made it high treason to receive Holy Orders abroad, and it was found diiH- eult to produce any capital charge against him. Nevertheless he was tried and condemned for denying the Queen's spiritual supremacy, for saying Mass, possessing a Bull for a jubilee, which had already expired, and wearing an Agnus Dei. His preparation for death was most de%*out ; and on one night his fellow-prisoners observed a bright light tn his chamber.

NOV. sa]

MENOLOGY.

57»

His life was offered to him if he would actcnowledge the Queen's sui)rcmacy, but his constancy was unshaken; and tak- ing the Bible in his hands, he solemnly declared that she never was and never should be the head of the Church of England. His execution took place near I^unccston, and the deputy- sheriff mercifully allowed him to Iwny until he was dead, or, according to another account, he was so stunned by his fall as to be insensible while the butchery took place ; but the quar- ters of his body were exposed in different places, according to the barbarous custom of the times. It was noted, as a singular grace conferred on this holy Martyr, that none of those whom he had reconciled to the Church ever proved unfaithful in the time of peril.

°"a*d""°'^ the bishopric of Durham.

The Venerable Edward Bu rden was a native

He had been

1588. educated at Trinity Collie, in Oxford, but went over to Rheims, where he was made priest in 1 584. He was sent on the Mission in 1 586, but soon fell into the Imnds of the persecutors, and was condemned to death on account of his priesthood. The Martyr suffered all the penalties of high treason at York on the 29th November, [58&

The four venerable servants of God who suf-

V. CeofEC

y^"^^^''fcr(Kl martyrdom at York on this day, in the year

Emnetor.nl.ir, V. WUliiini " Kci^t, M. : 1596, were GEORGE ErRINGTON, WlLLLAM

Cttooa m!: Knight, William Gibson, and Henky Abbot,

AMiIi*^ all laymen, who by their invincible constancy AC. ' won this glorious crown. George Errington was '^ a gentleman resident at Herst, in Northumber- land; Knight and Gibson were Yorkshire yeomen, and Abbot was a zealous convert to the Faith, who lived at Holden, in that county. The three former were in prison for their recusancy, and there formed an acquaintance with a Pro> tcstant minister, u'ho was confined for some misdemeanour. This miserable man, to ingratiate himself with the ruling authorities, devised a plan for the destruction of these worthy Catholics, and, pretending a desire to be received into the

572

MENOLOGY.

[NOV. 30.

Church, obtained from them an introduction to Mr. Abbot, in order that he might find a priest to receive his abjuration. As soon as he was released he presented his letter, and was taken by Abbot to Carlton, the house of Mr. Stapytton, which was enough for the traitor's purpose, though it happened that no priest could be found. The traitor then laid his in- formation against the four Martyrs, charging them with high treason for persuading him to join the Church of Rome. They acknowledged that they had set before him the neccs- sity of the Catholic Faith for salvation, and exhorted him to amend his life, though they had used no other persuasions. They were found guilty by the jury, and suffered death with fortitude and joy.

St. Sadwrn. Col. 91 {19 Nov.). Leg. Cb»l. <3 Nov.}.

St. Egelvi-ine. Ltg. Chal. (Pation of Alhelney). Uitl. Halmckb. Pont, ii., | 89.

Mutyrt.

Hilt. Douay Diane* ; Ctttlloner'irf

Mitt. PrieMB, vol. I, SWwb; CktalosueK. Archiv. Wntmaii., ii., p. 49: iv., p.

Arcbiv. Wcttmon,, Cbaropnoy, pp. 735. 936-

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

At Tr^guier, i« Brittany, the deposition of ST. TUGDUAL, Bisliop and Confessor. — At York, the passicn of the VemraM* Alexakdkk Crow, Priest and Martyr, who joyfuily sufftrtd\ death for the Faith, in the persecution of Elisabeth,

St TwdtuU, Mocl I., King of Brittany, and his wife ^A.^"*" Po">P<'«. '^"c driven into exile by a foreign 5*5* invasion of their territory, and took refuge in Great Britain, where two of their sons, Tugdual and Leo- norius, both in the Catalogue of the Saints, were bom. The two brothers, in their tcndcrcst years, were intrusted to the care of St. Iltut, and brought up in learning and virtue in his monastery. The piety and charity for the poor, of which they gave proof in their earliest days, continued to develop, until they became models of cvco* Christian excellence

NOV. aa]

MENOLOGY.

573

When he had reached a due age. St. Tucdual at first lived as a hermit in solitude, but afterwards became the Superior of a monastery. On the death of the King his father, the Saint resolved to establish himself in Brittany, and accordingly sailed for tliat country, accompanied by his mother Pompeia, who bad cboscn the religious state, and his sister Sbvc, as wcl I as by a large number of monks who had attached themselves to him. They Ijinded in the country of L^on, and received a gift of land from his brother Hoel II. The subsequent history of St Tugdual belongs to the hagiology of Brittany, in which he has a distinguished part In his monastery he had acquired such a reputation for sanctity and prudence, that the people of Trcguicr petitioned that he might be appointed their Bishop, which was granted to them, notwith- standing the reluctance of the Saint to undertalcc the charge. It was there that he gave up his soul to God, his body being buried in the Monastery of the Valley of Trecor. The relics of St Tugdual were removed in the time of a hostile invasion, and were dispersed in various places. A considerable portion is said to be at Laval, another at ChArtres, and some restored to his own Church of Tr^guier.

Pompeia, the mother of St Tugdual and St Leonorius, is honoured as a Saint in Brittany, and her daughter Sive has the title of Blessed in the place of her holy death.

V.AIeMiider The Venerable tVleXANDER Crow was a C"w. M., native of Yorkshire, and for some time followed & i^. Ua.de in the city of York. His zeal for souls led him to quit his home and betake himself to Khcims to study for the priesthood. Having received Holy Orders, he was sent on the Mission in t584. and for some time laboured, to the edification of all who knew him, in his native county. He was arrested at South Duffield, whither he had gone to baptise a child, and tried and condemned for his priesthood and the exercise of its duties. It is related that he received the sentence of high treason with extraordinary signs of joy ; but during tlie night before his execution, which he spent in prayer, he was exposed to fearful assaults from the devil,

574 MENOLOGY. [NOV. 30.

tempting him to suicide and despair. These attacks lasted a considerable time, and were witnessed by a Catholic fellow- prisoner, who occupied the same chamber, but they ended in the greater triumph of the Martyr, who was delivered by our Lady and St. John the Evangelist, who came to his succour. When this trial had passed by, the soul of the holy man was filled with inexpressible consolation, and he suffered in abun- dant peace, having first spoken with great freedom to the assembled crowd, and exhorted them to the Catholic Faith.

St. Tugdual. V. Aleiandei Crow.

Hist. Lobineau, Saints de Bretagne, Hist. Douay Diaries; Vepei.

i., pp. jGi, 178. Challoner's Mias. Priests, voL i.

Breviaiy Lessons of vaiious dioccsea. Archiv. Weetmon., iv., p. G5 ; Champ*

ney. p. 845.

DECEMBER.

■

THE FIRST DAY.

At Tyburn, thtfassion of three kofy Priests and Martyrs, who tuffered a gloriffus death for the Faith, in the eruel perucution of Elizabeth — tlu Blessed EdmuN'D Campion, of the Society of ftius; (he Blessed Ralph Sherwcne. of the College ofDovay; and the Blessed Alexander Briant, admitted before his death to the Soeiely of fesus. — At Colchester, the passion of tlie Venerable JOHN Beche. Abbot, whose martyrdom took place under Henry VIII. — At York, in the year tsS6, the martyr^m of the Venerable RiCHARU Langley, a Layman of Grim- thifrpe, in Yorkshire, who was tried and executed <m the charge of harbouring and assisting tlu missionary priests.

B. Edmnnd The Blessed Edmund Campion, one of the *^*"S'd.'"*'"°** illu-strious Martyrs of England, and of the 1581. Society of Jesus, was a native of London, and educated at Christ's Hospital in the city, and at St John's College in Oxford. He passed through the various exercises of the University with great applause, and on the persuasion of his friends consented to be made a deacon of the newly established religion, as a step to higher honours and prefer- ment But as his studies advanced, he found it impossible to acquiesce in the novel doctrines ; and having heard of the foundation of the College of Douay, he crossed the sea, and placed himself under the direction of Dr. Allen, the president He then applied himself to theology, and took the degree of Bachelor \vith much credit to the College and his country,

MENOLOGY.

[DBO. 1.

not neglecting, meanwhile, the true knowledge of God and the science of the SaintSL So great was hi* remorse for his sins, and especially for receiving the schismatical diaconate, that no penance could satisfy him until he bad vowed himself to the religious profession. Accordingly, he chose the Society of Jesus, and was admitted by the General in Rome.

The future Martyr was soon sent to Prague, where he completed his novitiale, and in due time was ordained, and greatly distinguished himself by preaching and teaching and other good works. When he had spent seven years in that University, the Jesuits resolved to send Missioners into England, to share in Uie labours and perils of the clergy, who had come in considerable numbers from the semi- naries.

Campion was chosen to accompany Father Persons in this undertaking, and on his arrival began his mission with the greatest boldness, preaching daily, at first in London, and aficnvards in the country. His proceedings attracted great' attention, and he was known a<i the Pope's champion. He published his ten reasons in favour of the Catholic religion, which made a great impression on many minds, and in his controversies he was also most triumphant The Queen's Government felt it necessary to put a stop to these successes, and by treachery secured his arrest at the house of a gentle- man in die country. Campion was then brought to London;^ and, t<^ether with a number of priests and others, was accused of a conspiracy against Elizabeth, and for the invasion of the country. The trial was a mere mockery of justice. After frequent and most cruel rackings and repeated examinations, it was impossible to produce the semblance of a proof; never- theless, both Campion and other.4 were condemned for high treason, of which the Queen herself, as Camden relates, did not beh'eve them guilty. At his execution his behaviour was most pious and edifying. He could not ask Elizabeth's pardon, as he had nc\-cr offended her, but he prayed earnestly for her and for all ; and so he meekly and .sweetly yielded his soul to his Saviour, protesting that he died a true Catholic.

DEC. 1.]

MEXOLOGY.

S77

This hol>' death had such an effect on the assembled crowd, that many were mo^xd to compassion and tears,

B. RAlph

Sherwiue.

Man..

A.D.

The Blessed Ram'H Sherwine was a natiw of Derbyshire, and become a Feliow of Exeter College in Oxford, where he was accounted an acute philosopher and an excellent Greek and Hcbfcw scholar. In the year 1575 he abandoned his position and prospects in the Protestant establishment, and went to Douay College to be received into the Catholic Church. In due time he was ordained priest, and then journeyed to Rome to pursue his studies, lie was to have accompanied Dr. Goldwell, the Bishop of St Asaph, who was going to England to administer confinnation to the Catholics ; but the Biiihop was seized with sickness at Rheitns, and Sherwine had to pursue his journey alone. In London he began hLs mission with alacrity, but was soon arrested in the house of a Catholic, and thrown into the Marshalsca pri.<ion.

A proposal for a di.*putation on relig:ion was offered to him and other priests who were there, which was eagerly accepted ; but before it could take place he was called up for repeated examinations and torture on the rack. His brother declared to a friend that "he was twice racked, and the latter time he lay five days and nights without any food or .speaking to anyone, all which time he lay. as he thought, in a sleep before his Saviour on the Cros-s ". After this, ofiers of the highest preferment were made to him, if he would consent to go to St. Paul's Church. The chai|[cs against him were tlie same as those against Fr. Campion, who was tried at the same time, and equally without a shadow of proof His preparation for death was most devout, and his sentiments of humility and holy joy most admirable. He was executed after Fr. Campion ; and when the hangman came to lay hands on him, he rc\'crcntly kissed the blood of hii< fellow-Martyr, with which the man's hands were stained. He forgave all who were concerned in his death, prayed for Eliicabctli, and expressed his desire thai she might become a Catholic.

37

MENOLOGY.

ri>Bo. 1.

B. Alexander Together with the Blcsscd Edmund Campion 5ld ' ''"^ Ralpli Shcrwine.a third victim shed his blood 1581. for the Faith at the same place and on the same

day. Alexander Bbiant was a native of Dorset, and had been sent to Hart Hall, in the University r>f Oxford, for the purpose of study. Religious difficuliics compelled him to abandon his career, and he took refuge at the English College then at Rheims. Having been ordained priest, he was sent on the Engli.sh Mission in 1S79^ Briant had laboured in his vocation for about two years, when he was arrested by the pursuivants, and thrown into the county gaol, and thence removed to the Tower. He was treated with a degree of cniclty which was singular even in those days. Robbed and almost starved for want of food, he was also most severely tortured. Needles were driven under the nails of his hands, and he wa-s repeatedly racked, to oblige him to betray his fellow-Catholics. He was, howe\'er, victorious over all those attempts, and was able to testify that, on coming to the rack and giving himself to prayer, he was replenished with a kind of supernatural sweetness, and while calling on the names of Jesus and the Blessed Virgin Maty, he felt cheerfully disposed to bear all. The charge of treason alleged against him could in no way be proved ; but, nevertheless, he was condemned to death, and executed immediately after Campion and Shcr- wine. The Martyr had made a vow when in prison to join the Society of Jesus, and it appears from Dr. Bridgwater's narrative that he was actually received before his death. He is .'iaid to have been " a man not unlearned, and of a very sweet grace in preaching, and of an exceeding great zeal, patience, constancy, and humility". He was but twenty- eight years of age when he sacrificed his life for Cod.

V. joim The Venerable John Beche, of the Order of

^*a!d."'* S^ Benedict, was Abbot of the Benedictine Mon- 1539- astery of St. John the Baptist, in the town of Colchester. This faithful servant of God was the thirty- eighth and last Abbot of St. John's, a dignity which entitled its jo-ssessor to a place among the Lords of Parliament. He

DEC. 2, 3.]

MENOLOGY.

579

hsf] the courage to preserve his conscience free from reproach amidst the snares which were laid to entrap him, and resolutely rcrused cither to surrender the abbey into the hands of the King, Henry VIII., or to acknowledge his supremacy in things spiritual. On this account he was attainted of high treason, and suffered death at Colchester within a month after the gIoriou.s martyrtiuin of his brethren, the Abbots of Glastonbury and Reading.

BB. B. Cunpion, R. Shcr<v>nc, and A. Briant. HlU. Oeuay Uiaries ; Chkllonn's

Miak PrtMti, vol. i. Bridgwuei't Conccnatiot CoIb. 30. 6^

7*-

Aitliiv. Wntnon,, IL, pp. tSt, 193;

f*..p, iig. Accbiv. Wrsimon., Chvnpaey, pp.

757' 7W' Atchiv. Wattnon., Calaldgfuot.

StOWC.

Dcoce orBeatificatian.

Ven. John Beehc. tliii. WllMn't Cxulogue 1 Swvrc. p.

iTf- Sondcf, Schim (Eagliah traac), p.

HI. Modetn Brit. Mart.

Ven. R. t,atigte>-. Hitl. Challoner't Mi<t*. Pnettf. vol. 1. Atcbiv. WeUmon., Chompncy, p.

«45-

THE SECOND DAY.

At Canterbury, f/te commemoratum of flu return from txil: of St. Thomas, the Martyr, in the year of Our Lord tijo. Cab. lOt 41, 7&

THE THIRD DAY.

At Chur, or Coire, in Stvitserlatui, the festizHil of ST. Lucius. — At Dorchester, in Oxfordshire, Uu deposition of ST. BiRINUS, Bishop and Confessor. — At Solenhovcn. in the diocese of Eidistadt, in Bavaria, the deposition of St. Sola, or Solus, Hermit and Conftssor. — At Tyburn, the martyrdom of the Venerable Edwakd ColehaN, Layman, falsely charged with Oatei fifot. — la the prison tj^Newgatc, the holy memory of (he Venerable Epward Mico, Priest of flu Sofi^ty of fsus, ivho died a Martyr to tlie hardships of Ids imprisonment for the Catholic cause.

S8o

MENOLOGY.

[DEC. 3.

St. Lucius, St. Lucius, whose festival is obsen-ed to-day ^^ according to the Roman Martyrology and the tradition of Switzerland and Bavaria, was Lucius, tiie first British prince who received the Faith of Christ It )*! said that after his conversion and the acceptance of the Gospel by the greater number of his subjects, he resigned his dominions and went to preach in Germany, finally taking up his abode at Chur, in the canton of the Grisons, whence he was called to the reward of his labours in heaven, and. as some add, to the Martyr's crown. According to the same account, he was accompanied from Britain by his sister Emekita, who eventually suffered martyrdom at Treves or at Chur.

The hiaioty of the conversion of King Lnciui, though in iuelf it Appcom W contain nothing impiobabk, if by im DriutnnUt wc undcmund one of the leiatr prineu who ga^«med partK of the iibnti under the KomnnE. and thout>h it ha» for agCJi been accccpled withoui eontrovcrsy. has nevctthdet* been c^led in Cjuc^tion by receni critic* on (iround). which, vhile they iuc certainly not conclusive OKBinut it, have stitl a jusC claiin to he menlioncd.

St. Bedc, who ■« the English authority for the nairMivc, merely state* >( a> a&ct thai LuciuR, Kin|;, or a King, of Britain, mhi a letter to Popo EteuiheHiu, sMking lh*t hy hU authority h« might be made a Chtiktiaii ; tbii hU petiiion was ^i^nicd, and that the Diitons held the Faith in peace from that time to the peetccuiion of Diuclotiftn.

The objections to Itiiii account arc principally : (i) that It t* not found in r.ildac who ih BtJcN usual authority tor RriiiKh limn, and who mS^ naturally be cxpcctcij to tcfce to it : (il that Bede duiv ed hi* intormalion from hii> co[Tct>[ioi)dcnt in Komc. who took it fiom the second Catalcgiu Pontifinmt Ramaaururii, complcd ahout the year jjo, «!icrca* the ticKt Catalogue, written about 350, ban no allusion to the event. It in alM> witlcd (j) that there i> a variation In the dates which Bedc givet in two dltTeTeni placet. To these dilTi- callica it is ancwcred tliai the lamentation of Gildu does not profcsK to be a hiHtoty of the liriiiah Chuich. that it wa« hi» object to recount calamities and the divine judgment' rather than happ}' cvenit. and that he pastes over the iniwion of St. German, which he might a* ncll be expected to relate a> the much more remote history of Lucius. Again, it docs not appear true to say thu Cildas wafc Oede'i- only Riitiiih authority Ibr thoae limea, a» may be seen from hit history of St. Alban and the same St. German. But panting that his informalioii nas derived firom the second Ronian Catiloifue. it cannot be in. Tored, that all contained In that record over and above what Is found in the fitsl Catalogue is neccnaiily a later Bciion. The catty pact at the IU»l Cata- logue, down to St. Ponlian, ii compiled on a diHcicnt plan from iii conlitiaaiiOn liom that date, and fiom the whole of the second Catalogue. It merely given us the dates of the Popes and the ConauU of the time, uhcieas the latter part and

DEC. 3.]

MENOLOGV.

the whole of the wcond IJM hjiva a dtAmnC detifn. »ni IntioAuce » few of ihe mod mBorkabk vccuiTcncc» of each poniiiicaic. Thi» the iioo of Lucius i* no more an inierpolation than ate othet thmgi (cl:Ucd of Elcuiliciim or of odiM canly Popw. «Ad miithi havi t>«o Lnoun lo the scribe bj oral ir»diiioii, or WMac other «Titun record. Lastly, ihe unceitainty in Bede'i chionology cannot in ilseK be ntflicienl lo (tiscrodil the hittoty.

The tiKtncH of the bcai«t<i of I.uciu*' Ictlcn, Elvak and Midwin, sad of ihc Pope't envo)'E, Fioatics and Dahiamjs. appear much later in hintor}-. and there ia moic lea^on for doubling their aulhenticit)'. Neveitheleass Wild) wbolara inxc their names among-the Sairtn of South Wales, uk) uiy thai there an churches dedicated to ihem. King Luciut ia loid to be Llewi Uaur, and hit piincipality IQ haic bci:n fn oi ncai LlandafT.

The tradition that Lucius of Chur and Luciui: of Briiain WTrc ihc Kame is derived from the German legend, and docs not appear to have been anciently lOMtm in Great Britain.

St BinniM. St. BlKlNUs came from Rome to Gnglamj. ^A-d""'' ^*^^ ^y I'ojje Hoiiorius, to whom he promised to

6gfic preach in those [larts, where the good tidings of the Gospel had not yet been heard. He landed in the king- dom of Wessex, and there found a field for his labour such as he sought, the people beiiiK entirely pagan. The blessing of God aiicnded his mission, and the King Cyncgils was among the finit of his cunvct^s. At that time St Oswald, the sovereign paramount of all the English kingdoms, happened to arrive in Wcsscx to espouse the daughter of Cyncgils, and had the consolation of r(x:civing his future father-in-law from the itacred font. The two Kings agreed to give the city of Dorchester to Birinus for his episcopal Sec. and all things being happily ordered, the religion of Christ was quickly spread among the people. St. Birinus governed his church for about sixteen ycar^, when he was called to his reward, and buried in his o%vii cathedral.

Before long the diocese of Wessex was divided, and a^n subdivided, and finally the Sec entirely removed from Dor- chester, Later still, however, it once more became the resi- dence of a bishop with a different diocese, which extended over a considerable part of Mercia and Undsey.

Tbc relics of Sl btrinus were translated to Winchester by the Bishop St Hedda.

The festival is now observed in England on the 5th of this month.

582

MENOLOGY.

[DBO. 3.

St. Sola. St. Sola, or Soi.u.s was one of those English

^""a.D*'™*'*^" followed St. Boniface to Gcrmanj*. to assist 790. him in his labours and obtain some share in his merits. Sola was gladly received by the great aposttc, who ordained him priest and found him an obedient and faithful disciple. His attraction, however, was for a life of solitude and prayer, and in this St. Boniface gladly seconded his designs, and approved of his settlement on the banks of the river Altmena, at a spot .since called Solenhoven, after his name. He had already provided his flock with bishops and priests, with exemplary monks and holy religious women, and now he had the consolation of knowing that a saintly man in his lonely hermitage was constantly praying for the t;ood estate of all the rest.

Bui Sola W3S a voice crying in the wilderness Notwith- standing his humility, the holiness of his life and his miracles became widely talked of, and reached the cars of Charles the Great, who bestowed upon him as a Tree gift the district in which his loivly hut wa-s erected, This donation, however, though he was obliged to accept it at the time, he soon con- tri\-cd to make over to the Abbey of Fulda. After the glorious martyrdom of St lioniface, Sola continued to enjoy the friendship and protection of the holy brotliers St. Willibald and St. Winibald, and was universally honoured by the jwople, manj- of whom were" benefited by his con- tinual miracles. What would have tempted a less perfect man was to the Saint a motive of greater humiliation ; he would accept no gifts from his clients, and told them to return ihank.s to God, to Whom alone were due ihe favours which ihey received through hi."; hands.

V. Edwvd The Venerable Edward Coi.emak was the ^^^'^ajS' "" SO" of a FrotesUnt minister in Suffolk, and became «*7* a convert to tlic Catholic Faith, after which he was appointed secretary to Mary Beatrice, then Duchess of V'orlc. Mr. Coleman wa.i exxeedingly zealous in the cause of rdigion, and occupied himself much ivith schemes for the restoration of the ancient worship, or at least for obtaining its

DEC. 4.]

MENOLOGY.

SSs

Tuli toleration. He Iwltl a correspondence on the subject with the Pire ia Chaise, which letters were seized and pro* Juced at his trial. He was arrested on the inforniaiion oT Oates and lledloe, who most falsely swore that he was en- gaged in a plot for the murder of the King. Their evidence carried but little weight on this occasion ; but the Chief Jus- tice declared that his design to introduce the Catholic religion, as shown by bis letters, was itself a treasonable offence. Accordingly he suffered the penalties of high treason with great tranquillity and devotion, having declared himself inno* cent of any design against the king ur the government

V. Edvnud On thcsame day, in the prison of Newgate, the "'^'ufJ' pious memorj'of the V'cncrable Kdwakd Mico. 1678- priest of the Society of Jesus. Edward Mice was ihc Sociub of the Provincial of tlie Jesuits, and was appre- hended by Oates, while actually suflerlng from a. violent fever. He was hurried away to Newgate in this condition, and on the 3rd December was found dead in his cell, on his knees, and oppressed with the weight of his fetters.

St. Luciufc. Sl Solo.

Hart. Rom. /.tg. Choi.

Ctg. W. I knd 1 ; Ch>l- : Prap. at HUl. MabilL. Acta SS. Bened., use.

Swrlu Brcv. Hi., pt. ii., p. 189.

Hilt. BecU. I. Miutyn.

St. BiriaiHk Hitt. Challgner'* Mim. PrioMs, vol. i^

Call. 3, 9, II, u. IS. 14. 37- 39- 5*- Foley's RccMd*.

6».ty 67. 95. Jtforti. RORI..H, l,L,N.Q. R.

Llg. Tinm., foL 379<ii Ctpgi.. fol.

3](i ; Nov. Leg., lol. jSu i WhilL

Su. ; W. I ami) 3 : Chal. Hilt, BmU, iii., c. ; ; Iv.. c i>.

Continuation of Bifcef'sChronlelo*.

THE FOURTH DAV. At Old Sarum, ///*■ dtpoiilion of St. OsmUND, Bishop and Confessor.

SL o*mand, OSMUMU, Count of Scez, in Normandy, accom-

^X^"'' pa»ic<l William the Conqueror in his expedition

'o»- againat England, and was by him made Earl of

MENOLOGY.

[DBG. 4.

Dorset Osmurd for many years lived in the Court, and is said to have been Chancellor during twenty-four years ; but all the while he led a holy life, of spotless purity and fervedt devotion. At length, desirous of perfect detachment from earthly carc», he abandoned his grcatni^ss and his wealth, and in absolute poverty embraced the clerical state. It was, how- ever, impossible for one so conspicuous for eminent gifts to be left in obscurit)', and on the death of Herman, Bishop of Salts* buiy, he was constrained to succeed him in that church. The holy Bishop abounded in good works. He completed the building of the Cathedral, which his predecessor had begun, and dedicated it with solemnity in the year t092.

For the due maintenance of tlic divine offices, he brought to- gether a number ofsccular clerics, distinguished for lejirning and pietj*, and collected a valuable library, in which he look such interest that he willingly took part in the copying, illuminat- ing, and binding of the volumes. He also composed an Ordinal or Coniuetuditiariunt, comprising directions and rubrics for the uniform celebration of the Holy Sacrifice, the Divine Office, and the administration of the Sacraments ; and so great was the reputation of the rites of Sarum, that his regulations were soon adopted in the greater part of the kingdom.

St. Osmund wTote other works also, and among them a life of St. Aldhclm, towards whom he had a singular devo- tion, and at the .solemn translation of whose relics he had the consolation of ofBciating. On that occasion he obtained from the Abbot of Malmcsbury the gift of an arm of that great Saint, which be enshrined in a precious reliquar>', and in his hands it became the instrument of notable miracles. It is said that Osmund was too prone to severity in the tribunal of penance, the holiness and simplicity of his own life making it diRicult for him to understand how human frailty can be so easily betrayed into sin. Moreover, for a short time he was misJed by the CTcamplc of his fellow-bishops into opposition to St. Anselm and his holy caufie ; but he was soon convinced of his error, humbly sought and obtained forgiveness, and frocn tliat time became his mo^t a.ssurcd friend and supporter.

DBO. 6.]

MENOLOGY.

sss

Osmund was called to the reward of his faithful service on the night of the 3rd of December, 1099, afior a jiainfiil sickness, borne H'tth the most admirable patience. He was buried with honour in his cathedral, and universally venerated as a Saint. He was canonized by I'opc Calistus III. in 1456, and in the following year his remains were translated from Old Saniin to the new Catlicdral in the modern Salisbury. In England, the festival of St Osmund is now kept on the 17th July, in commemoration of this translation, which took platt on the previous day, the festival of Our Ijidy of Mount Carmcl.

Simmn Dunclm., a. d. 1091 and 1099. Brotnpton, a. p. ioj6 (T^TBd. Col..

976 and 995). Knygbton iTwj-iden Col., aj^t ud

I pr.

^m c*h. I. ]. s. 43-

^H Uari. Rom.

^H L^g. Mor. Le|[.'. bl. 1476 : W. t ind

^M t : Clud.

^H Hitt. Maliacnb. Poat, i., } 8] ; v., g

■ 267.

THE FIFTH DAY.

/» England, fA€ festival of ST. liiRiNUS, ^mAo/ and Com- f(SS0r, jvhose depcsttion is ott the jrd of December. — In the Isle cf Ramsey, oti the coast of Petiibrokeshire, the feslit-ai of St. JL'STENIAN. Hermit ami Martyr. — At Tyburn, the passten of :/u I'enerab/t ]<in>. AlMoND, Priest, n'/io sujired r/rartjrefom tinder King James /,

St- Jnftttfiian. ST. JUSllNMN appears to have been a native AD ' of Continental Brittany, and to have come over to UocertstB. Wales, in order to serve God in detachment from all worldly connections. By his holy conversation he drew many souls to God, but at length feeling himself called to a more complete sclitude, he crossed over to the Isle of Ramsry, where he found the holy hermit HONORIUS already settled. The two Saints lived together, helping one another by prayers and good counsels in their unwearied efforts after Christian perfection. Ju.stinian lived in the time of St, David, who had a high veneration for hts sanctity, and was accustomed to visit him on hi& island. At length the holy man was barbarously murdered by some wicked men, whose vices he bad severely

5$6

rOLOGY-

[DEO. 6.

rcprovej, or. as some say. by pirates, who had landed on that shore. He died in a holy cause, and has received from the devotion of tli« faithful the glorious title of Martyr. The body of St Justinian \vas taken to the mainland, and buried with honour.

V. Joha The Venerable JOMS Al.MOND.on the Mission

*^A^,""' *<"o*vn generally by the name of MoLl.VEUX, and **"- also LaTIIOM, was born at Allcrton, near Liver- pool, and received hiic early education at a school in Much- Wonlton, in the same: neighbourhood. He was sent young to the College at Khcims, and from thence to Rome, and did not arrive in England as a missioner before the year l€o2. No particulars of his labours ha%'e been preserved ; but it is stated that '■ he led a holy life xvilli all sincerity, and a singular good content nfall who knew him, and worthily deserved both a good opinion of his learning and sanctity of life ". Almond was arrested in the year l6l2, and examined by King the Protestant Bishop of London: an account of the controversy which look place between them being left in the Martyr's own hand. He was then committed to Newgate, and some months later tried and convicted of high treason, on the charge of being a priest On the 5th of December he was dragged to Tyburn for execution. He was allowed to speak to the people, and distinctly professed his perfect allegiance to King James, adding that he could nut take the oath, on account of the insidious clauses which it contained. After this followed another controversy with a minister, in whidi the holy man was able to refute the false charges brought against himself and his religion. He then gave away all the money he pos- sessed to the poor, who stood around, and to the executioner. He mentioned the hard usage he had met with in the dungeon called Little Ease, but freely forgave all.

His end was mast pious and edifying, and hklast words ai invocation of the holy Name of Jesus. After hanging a $hoi^ time he was quartered, according to the sentence.

The chief persecutor of this servant of God is said to hav been Dr. King, the Protestant Bishop, whose life from tha

»B0. e, 7.]

MENOLOGV.

58r

to time was one of sorrows, though before his death he sought t and obtained reconciliation with the Church : an extraordinary jM grace, whicli wc may well belio'C was obtained by the prayers ^ of the MartjT.

Cnl. 91.

Lti[. Tinm., fol. igS6; C»pgi., fol.

iBii: Nov. Leg.. aoiA; Whitt

Add. : W. I and 1 Cbal.

V. John Almond. Hist. Challonet'» Mi»«. PrMttii, vol. il Doiuy Diarien. Archiv. Weatman., xi., p. 64$'

THE SIXTH DAY.

in Ireland, t/u /to/y mentory of t/u Saintt AUXILIUS, ISSERNINX'S, arui SecUNDINUS, Hisitops and Cotl/essors,antl tiu first jtrimipal co-^ptraton with St. PatrUk in the eamvrsioK 0/ t/iai couHlr}-.

}

SS.Auxilius. Al'XltlUS and IsSERNINUi! accon:)panied the '**^'^"*' great Apostle of Ireland from his own countrj' to Secundinus, the field of his labours, and SecuNDINUS was ^'t^^' cither one of the party or followed soon after- Wj'ertaln. wards. On the supposition tliut St Patrick was bom in Great Uriuin, these holy men also arc counted as British Saints. After labouring with success for a certain time, they were sent to IJritain, or Gaul, to receive episcopal consecration at the hands of three prelates, accord- ing to the sacred canons. There still remains an authentic and interesting decree, signed by Auxilius, Patrick, Secun- dinus, and lienignus, ordering that appeals from the Primate of Armagh should be carried to the Holy Sec of Rome.

Ug. Chill. (1 Dtc.).

Uiti- \.»niii»n'* HiaL, i., p. 159.

O'Curry's Lecturct on (he MS. MateriHlii of Iiisli HisUiyi P- i'J-

THE SEVENTH DAY.

At Gloucester, ifu (ommemoration of tht Vtiurable William Lamplev, Layman, wke suffered Martynicm in t/u year ij^S, en a day Mat rtcorded.

588

MENOLOGY.

[DEC. 3.

V. wuii»m The Venerable WiixiAM Lamplev was a Ity-

'-^^^''^■"■■man. who suffered martyrdom for the Faith at

iSSB. Gloucester in the year 1588. The day of hit)

* '" passion is not known, nor have the circumstances

of his trial and condemnation been preserved.

Hill. Wilnofi's dialogue. Challona's Mit». Priesu, vol. i.

Aichiv. WcitiTKin. , Champney. p>

THE EIGHTH DAY.

Th( soUmmiy of tkt Immacui-\te Conceftion of tlu Blessed Virgin Makv, .^fotlur cf God.

The By a singular grace of our BLESSED Lady, tlic

CoJJ^^S Hiiylish Church had the iirivilege, if not of first intruducing, yet certainly of spreading throughout Western Christendom, the obser\'ance of the great festival of her Immaculate Conception. It may be, as some writers suppose, that there are earlier traces of such a feast in Naples or in Spain ; but it is admitted that the movement in favour of its diffusion arose in the eleventh centur>'. that the fwurce of it U'as in England, and that the progress of it was ever associated with the name of St Ansclm.

According to the prevailing tradition, the Abbot Hclsin, or EIsi, who had been sent by William the Conqueror on an embassy to Denmark, on his return voyage w-as overtaken by a violent storm, which threatened immediate shipwreck ; when at the moment of utmost peril Ke was favoured with a heavenly vision, promising deliverance if he would introduce the observ- ance of the day of the Conception of the Blessed Mother of Our Lord. The authenticity of this legend is doubted by some ; but it cannot be said to contain anything inconsistent with the well •established revelations of God, or that it is intrinsically improbable. What is certain is, that about that time dates the first observance of the festival in England. The propagation of it was reserved for St. Ansclm, who arrived not many years later.

The Saint, it appears, found the devotion air

DBiO. Ol]

MENOLOGY.

58s>

flourishing in some great Benedictine abbc>'<; ; and in his tender love to Our Lady extended it to the whole kingdom, defending the practice with that learning which has earned Kim the title ofa Doctor of the Church, The usage, however, though generally welcomed, met with some opposition, mainly on account of the novelty of such a festival, but in some instances from supposed doctrinal difficulties. A letter from the monk 0»bert, addressed [o the Saint when in exile, deplores these obstaclc<i, and insists that the exemption of Our Lady from the sin of Adam, as wei\ as from all actual fault, merits recognition, by the annual commemoration of her spotless Conception.

Before long all opposition ceased, in England at least. The troth of the doctrine on which the observance was based, and its conformity with the primitive tradition, were warmly seconded by the hearty dtvolion of the people; and in the year 1338, the Archbishop Mcpham was able in a synod to declare the festival a day of obligation throughout his province. The churches of the Continent followed the example of England ; the devotion was in eveiy possible manner favoured by the Sovereign Pontiffs, and the festival placed among the chief solemnities of our Blessed I^y. The completion, however, of this glorious tribute to the perfection of the Mother of Our Lord wa.* deferred until our own times. It was on the 8th December. 1X54, that Pope Pius IX. of blessed memory solemnly defined, to the immense consolation of Christendom, that it was a revealed dogma that the ever-blessed Vii^in Marj', the Mother of Je»us Christ, was in the instant of her first existence entirely ex- empt from original sin, and that her Immaculate Conception was an Article of the Catholic Faith.

HUt. BalU UDgmaitca. Pil tX. Bp. U11alho«nc on the Im. Conoep. Fr. Biid(ctt'« O111 Lady'* Ucwiy.

letter of Osbcrt (Cotton MS.. Vitel- liut A..KviiL,piinl«il by Aiuinilher,

THE NINTH DAY.

At Shaftesbury, »» Doruiihire, the deposition of St. EniELClVA, Virgin and Abbess.

590

tENOLOGi

[DEC. la

St Ethdpvi, St. Ethelgiva, or jEthei-gifu. was the ^i?t>' '(''"g'^i*^"" of llie great King Alfred and his saintly 896c ivifu I'llhelwida. Recognising her vocation to the religious state, the King built and endowed the monastery at Shaftesbury for her reception. She was appointed Abbess, and after a life of eminent holincsb, there ended her days about the j'car 896.

Ltg, W. I ud 1 i Chat. (19 Doc.]. Hilt Milraob. fteg.. ii.. g I3i.

Simeon Dundm,, Gcii, Reg., con. 887 (Twywlen. p. ija).

THE TENTH DAY.

,•// Gray's Inii Fields, London, the passion of the I'enerabte senfatits of Cod, Edmund Genimcs, PrUst, and Switjiin

Wells, ify/w^TH. — ^/Tyburn, on tJit same day, the martyr- dom of the Vt-nerabk EusTACillUS '^wvKV^Prits!; the Vener- ablt POLYDOKE Plasden, Priest; and three Laymen, aisc -,'cnerabk ser^'anlsofCod—BifiWH Lacv, SydSEV HODSON, aud JoUH Mason. T/use sefen XIartyrs ail suffered for the ceiebratioH of Mass in the Itouse of Swiihin Weiis. — Alsc at Tyburn, t« a later year, the glorious passion a/John Roberts, Priest of the Order of St. Benedict, and Thomas Someks, Priest, tv/tose martyrdom toci ploee under King fames I.

V. Edmuod The Venerable EDMUND Genings was bom ^v"s^t£'^* Lichfield, and brought up in the Protestant rcli-

Wdl«. M., gion, but was from his earliest days remarkable for j-gi) his grave disposition and pious sentiments. At the age of sixteen he went to serve a Catholic gentleman in the capacity of page ; and when his master resolved to embrace the ccclcsiiutical state, Genings obtained leave to accompany him to Itheims, in the hope of devoting liioiself to the same course of life. He was admitted to the College, and, by his singular piety and attention to his studies, soon become a model for all. But \w health was feeble, and at one time he was on the point of being sent back to England before he was a priesL He recovered, however, in a n-ay which scctncd almost miraculous, and was able to com*

DEC. la]

MENOLOGY.

S9<

plete his course and receive priest's Orders, after which he was sent on the Mi&sioii in 1584.

Gcnings and bis companions landed near Whitby, and had immcdiatcl)'' a narrow excape from arrest; but their time was not yet come, and the Martyr, after spending about a year in the North, u-cnt to Lichfield with the desire of benefiting his relatives and friends. Time, how- ever, had swept them away, Jind he could only Icam that his brother John was in I^ndon, leading a careless, unchristian lift Thither Edmund went in quest of him. and, after many vain inquiries, at length discovered him in a most cxtraordi' nary manner, in answer to hi* constant prayers. The youth, howcv-cr. was ill-disposed to change hLs life, and particularly averse to the Catholic Paith, and hts conversion was to be brought about in another way. On the 8th of November. Genings agreed with a fellow priest that they should meet and say Mass at the house of Mr. Swithin Wells, in Gray's Inn Lane, where a number of people assembled at an early hour for the purpose of assisting. When Gcnintj* was at the alUr, at the time of consecration, the house was attacked and the door broken open by TopcHflTc and his pursuivants. The gentlemen present, by struggling with the a.isailants, kept them out of the room till the saciifice wasa»ncltidcd.but were then obliged to admit them. All, to the number of about ten, were carried away prisoners, the celebrant being still in his sacred vestments.

At Newgate Justice Yongc immediately examined and committed them for trial, All were condemned tu death, and Edmund Genings and Mr. Wells were ordered to be executed before the door of the latter gentleman's own house. All courageously refused the pardon which was offered, on condition of their conformity to the established religion. Admirable was the devotion with wliich the holy man bore his cruel martyrdom. The rope was cut imme- diately, and he was barely stunned when the quaitering took place. "Oh, it smarts." he said, when the knife was thnj.st into his body; to which Mr. Wells, who was waiting below, answered, " Sweet soul, thy pain is great, but nearly past ;

592

MENOLOGY.

tOBC. 10.

pray for me, holy Saint, that mine may come". It was attested by the hangman and hundreds of witnesses that when his heurt was in the executioner's hands, the Martyr dbltnctiy uttered the words, " St Gregory, pray for me ". The reward of this glorious victor>' was the conversion of his brother John, who afterwards bccaroe a Franciscan, and wrote the Martyr's life.

The Venerable Switiiin Wells was the younger son of a gentleman who lived in the neighbourhood of Winchester. He was a man of most happy and cheerful temper, and took great delight in field sports ; but he K-as also most reli- gious, and wished to employ his life to some good purpose ; and as he was well educated, he undertook to bring up young gentlemen in his house in London. This school of his enjoyed a high reputation among Catholics, and did good service in the cause of religion. Mr. Wells was absent from London, when the Mass was said on the 8th November ; but on his return went to the magistrate to demand the keys and com- plain of the violent arrest of his wife. Instead of obtaining redress, he was himself sent to trial and condemned with the rest During his imprisonment he wrote a letter, still pre- served, in which he expresses sentiments of the greatest resig- nation and holy joy. His behaviour at his execution, which took place at the door of his own house, corresponded with the conduct of his whole life, being singularly cheerful as M-ell as devout Mrs. Wells, who was condemned with her husband and the rest, was to her great affliction reprieved and sent back to prison, where she was allowed to linger until her holy death in 1602.

V. Eustaehlua The Venerable EUSTACHIU.<; WHITE was bom

y pSrtore '^^ Louth in Lincolnshire. His father was a bitter

Plftsdso. U. -, Protestant, and on his son's conversion was so tn-

Lacy.M^; dignant as to pronounce his curse upon him.

J^:.^^'^ Rustachius went first to the College at Rhcims Hodson. M-: , , „ , , , .

V. Jotin and thence to Rome, where he was made priest,

"*a!d."" and then sent on the Mission in 158S. In the life

W' of Edmund Genings it is said that White was one

DEO. laj

MENOLOGY.

593

of those arrested in Mr. Wells' house, together with Gcnings and others; but a more circutnstatitial account says that he was treacherously seized at Blandford, while on a journey. The Martyr was very grievously tortured in prison, to make him betray his fellow-Catholics, and at one time was hung up by the hands for eight hours together ; but all was in vain. Nothing could shake his constancy, and all he did was to cry out : " Lord, more p.itn if Thou pleasest, and more patience ". He was condemned merely for his priesthood, and suffered at Tyburn on the same day with the blessed company arrested in Mr. Wells' house.

The Venerable Pot.VDORE PlasdeN, a native of London, like Eustachius While, received his ecclesiastical education partly at Rhcims and partly at Rome. After his ordination he was sent on the Mission, and was present al the Mass cele- brated in Mr. Wells' house by his friend Edmund Gcnings.on the 8th November. He was seized, by Topcliffe and his pur- suivants, together with all the other assistants, and was con- demned on the charge of his priesthood, and executed at Tyburn,

The venerable servants of God. Br%'an Lacv, gentleman, and John Mason and Svdnev Hodson, laymen, were apprehended at tlic same time, and condemned for being pre- sent at the Holy Sacrifice. They suffered with the greatest piety and courage, though they might have sived their lives by promising occasional conformity with the established reli- gion. Thus on one memorable day. seven holy Martyrs in London alone laid down their lives for their Divine Master, — two, Genings and Wells, before the door of Mr, Wells' house in Gray's Inn Fields, and the other five at Tybum.

V. John The Venerable JOItN ROBERTS was a native

"^^^'^ ' of" Merionethshire, but it does not appear where he Son«"- M.. received his earliest instruction. Later on he was i6ia a student in the English College at Valladolid, from which he passed ,to the Spanish congregation of the Benedictine Fathers in the same place, but was professed at St Martin's, Compostella. In the year i6do Fr. Roberts was

38

S94

MEXOLOGV.

[DEO. 10.

made priest, and sent on Ihe English Mission. Nothing could be more admirable than his perseverance in his holy work, and his cl>arity was most notably manifested during a severe visi- tation of the plague in I^ndon. He contrived to render assistance to muUitude-i of the infected, and was the means of converting many of them from their vices and mUbcltef. Four times the holy man was arrested, and as often sent into ban- ishment, but he always returned and quietly resumed his for- mer course of life. At len^h he was seized for the fifth time, when vested for Mass, and without being allowed to lay aside the sacred vestments, was hurried away to a filthy dungeon. He was condemned solely forhi's priestly character, but might have saved his I ifc, if he would have taken the newly proposed oath.

The Venerable Thomas Somebs, who on the Mission bore the name of Watson, was bom in VVcsfmorcland, and for many years taught a grammar school in the same county. He carefully instructed his pupils and other neighbours in the Catholic doctrine, and persuaded not a few to cross o\-er to Douay, and prepare themselves for the priesthood, that they might return and labour for souls in their own land. This was the course he took himself, and after studying in the same College, he was ordained and sent on the Mission in the year 1 606. His residence was in London, where his assiduous care of the poorer class of Catholics earned for him the title of the parish priest of London. After some time this .servant of God was arrested and sent to gaol, and finally into banishment with twenty other priests. Af^er a short repose at Douay, his xeal constrained him to return to his work among his beloved |)oor in London ; but it was only for a short time, as he was soon seized and brought to trial without delay, on the chaise of exercising his priestly duties, contrary to the law. When the crtiel sentence was pronounced, it drew ^M tears from the eyes of many, and moved others to a sentiment ■ of deep compassion ; but it brought only joy to the heart of the Martyr, who listened to it with such tranquillity as affected the whole court with astonishment.

These two great servants of God were condemned to suffer together, and \verc dra\vn on the hurdle in the usual manner

DEO. 11.]

MENOLOGY.

595

to Tyburn. There they found Mxteen condemned criminals with the ropes already round their necks, whom Fr, Roberts began to exhort to contrition and reconciliation with the Church, till he was interrupted by the officers, lie was allowed to speak to the people, which he did in the most touching man- ner, and at some lengtlt Both he and Soiners exhibited lingular cheerfulness and fortitude, embraced and blessed one another, and tc^ethcr gave up their souls to Cod. By an unusual act of clemency, they were allowed to hanji till they were dead, after which the rest of the sentence was carried out, and their remains thrown intu a. pit prepared at the foot of the gallows,and over them the bod ies of the sixteen criminals. Two nights after the execution, several Catholic gentleman coura- geously undertook to carry away the sacred relics, which they succeeded in dotn^ ; but, being followed, they were obliged to drop one leg of Fr. Roberts, to divert the pursuit. This was then taken to Abbot, the Protestant Bishop of London, who had been the great enemy of Fr. Roberts, and at the trial had stood by the judge exhorting him to pass the sentence. The rest of the sacred remains were safely conveyed to Douay, and preserved in the Celiac of the English Uenedictines.

Hill. Deuay Diarie*; Challotier'i Archlv. \Veslnim.,Chanipney.p.8S&.

MtM. Prievta, vol«. j, and ii. Life of Ltiiia <lc Carvjijal.

Life o[ Genings. by his btolhu (St. WvlJon's Note*.

Omcr«, ifii^); Stou^.

Aichiv. Wcsimon. , iv., pp. ik 293 ; ix., p. i43 rt Wj.

THE ELEVENTH DAY.

/« North Wale-s t/if fistival of St. PERIs,/rt/TO« of Una - beris, whose name appears on this day in ancient Welsh raUn- dars, and who is caUtd,for some reason not knmvn^ the Cardi- »ai. — At Tyburn, tiu passion 6f the Venerable ARTHUR BELL, Priest o/tfu Order of St. Francis, and Martyr in the rei^n of Charles A

V. Arthor The Venerable AkTHUK Bell was the son of A-d!* ' P'*^"s Catholic parents, who brought him up in ti^ the fear of God, and was boni at his father's scat

59«S

MENOLOGY.

pBO. 11.

at Temple Broughton, near Worcester. At the age of twenty- four he went over to study at St Omcrs, and from thence to Valiadolid. There he was Drdfiined priest, and soon after- wards jotitcd the Franciscan Order. About this lime Fr. Geniiings was engaged in restoring the English province of the Order, and claimed Arthur Bell for the service. He was, however, sent to the Convent at Douay for the completion of his studies, and there employed in various important offices before he wa.** sent on the Mission, which did not take place til! A.[>. 1634. The future Martyr laboured diligently for nine years, and was then arrested at Stevenage, in Hertfordshire, on suspicion of being a spy. On examination of his papers, it was found that he was a Franciscan ; and. therefore, the magistrates and the committee of rarliament, before whom he was summoned, supposed him to be a priest, but evidence was wanting. He was cruelly treated in pri-wn, and tried on the 7th December, wlicn certain apostates deposed that they had heard him say Mass. He received his sentence with joy, intoned tlic 7V Dcinii, and returned thanlfs to the Court ; and when awaiting his execution, was visited by many F.nglish and foreign Catholics, who were greatly edified by his dcpoi'tmcnt, and eager to secLrc some little thing as a relic. The imperial envoy more than once went to him, as well as the chaplain of the French Ambaiwador, who had hopes of obtaining a pardon ; bLt the holy man would not .'iuAcr him to exert himself for this end.

He was brought to Tyburn on the nth December, and attested that Fr. Bullaker, the Martyr, had predicted to him this glorious consummation of his labours, The Martyr spoke for some time to the people, and plainly denounced the divine judgments on the sins of the nation, but was inter* rupled by the sheriff. He then turned to a poor malefactor who was to suffer with him, and had the satisfaction of inducing hitn to declare tliat he would die a member of the Catholic Church. He then embraced the executioner, and (fave him good advice for the profit of his soul, after which he cheerfully and most piously submitted to his sentence. Guards had been set to prevent the people from canning

BEC. la]

MENOLOGY.

597

aivay any relics ; but. nevertheless, some contrived to dip handkerchiefs in the blood which he had shed for Christ

[t was about the time of Fr. Bell's execution that llic papers of Walter Windsor, a Catholic gentleman, were seized at Varmouth, and among them was found a commission from the Archbishop of Cambra>'; by authority of Urban VIII., for collecting evidence of the martyrdom of the many servants of God who had suffered in England in the cause of the Catholic leligion.

St. Peri*. V, A;thui B«U.

Cal. 91. Hitt, ChanOTici'iiMits.E>ric6t», vol.il.

Ccrtamcn SerAphicum. Hope's Fninei»can MmIjt*.

THE TWELFTH DAY.

At Clonard, in In'/'jnd, t}u deposition of St. Finian, Cati- fissor. — At Tyburn, t/u passion o/T\\oyi.\s HOLLAND, Pritsl of (he Society of Jesus, and Martyr.

St. FinUn This illustrious Saint of Ireland received his °*c!)"i3^ first education in learning and piety from the

A.a' Bishop St. Fortchem and the Abbot St. Cay- 552.

man ; but he passed over to Wales, and siient

many years with St. David at Minevia, blessing that land

with the e;(amplc of his holy life. He was advanced in age

when he returned to Ireland, though his zeal for the service

of God was in no way diminished. The great work of St

Finian was the foundation of the celebrated School of Clonard,

in Weslmeath, in which a multitude of eminent servants of

God were educated in piety und human learning.

St. Finlui !• luually alyltd Bithop, but Lanigan dgubts whether he »>■ »o or not. He pliiceK hit death on the laih December.

V. Th««*B The Venerable Thomas Holland was a

'iB. native of Lancashire, and was sent for his cduca-

>^- tion to the College of St. Omcrs, and aftcnvards

to that of Valladolid, both under the direction of the Jesuit

Fathers. After very successful studies, he went to Flanders

MENOLOGV.

[DEC. la

and there joined Ilie Society, his noviceship being spent at Watten.

He took his religious vows in [634, and being ordained priest, was sent on the English Mi.i»ion, in hopes that his shattered hciillh might be restored by his native air. In London, however, the search for priests was so rigorom, that Fr Holland was constrained to confine himself to his lodging, to the further detriment of his health, as %\'cll as to the pre- judice of his apostolic labours.

He was not apprehended till October. 1642, and spent two months in prison, in such a manner as to give edification to ail. At the trial at Newgate no evidence of his priesthood could be produced; nevertheless, to the surprise of all. the jury brought in a verdict of gvilty. and the Recorder pronounced the sentence of death. The Martyr calmly answered, "/>« gra/Ms," and aftcnvard in his cell recited the TV Dtnm with his friends.

He was visited by persons of the highest mnk, both English and foreign, among whom was the Duke dc VcndSmc. who offered to cxcrl himself to procure his pardon, which he declined with thanks. On both the interv-cning days Fr. Holland had the consolation of sayinjj Mass, and at bis execution received absolution from a priest of his own Order, who was by appointment on the spot. At Tyburn the Martyr told the people how he w,a» about to su fTer for the priesthood, and was speaking to them of the necessity of the true Faith in order to salvation, when he was stopped by the minister, who began to sing psalms with some criminals then about to be hanged .'Vftcr a silent prayer, he calmly submitted to his sentence ; and through the compassion of the executioner, and notwithstanding the protest of the minister, was allowed to hang till he was dead, after which the rest of the sentence was carried out. Many Catholics who were present contrived to carr>' away some drops of his blood as precious relics, and there were Protestants, who were heard to speak in praise of his virtues. Fr. Holland had the reputation of being par- ticularly Icimed in spiritual subjects, and was often called Bibliotheca Pietatis, or the Library of Piety.

DEC. 10, 14.]

MENOLOGV.

599

Si. Finlan. V. Fr. Hollintt.

Lrg. Chal. (to Dec.}. * Hii(. ChallonciB Mim. P(inti,\-ol.ii.

Hilt. Lanitpin. Hilt., l. p. jSg; li., Foley's Record*. p. »i.

THE THIRTEENTH DAY.

/» iffwif /or/j p/" England, the /esth'al o/St. ]VV>OC, CoH' feasor, w/tese sacred relics tvere translated from tht alt knoivn as St. Jesse, in Piairdy, to the Newtninster, near Wint/uster, to SiKv them from the profanatiefi ef the Norman invarJrrs, on the jW/i of January, poj. — At Minslcr, in TJiartet. tkt deposition of St. Euburca, Vir^ti and Abliess.

Sl EdWga. St. Edbukga was the disciple of St. Mildred. 'l^' and .succeeded her in the government of the 75*- monastery. Tlie community had so greatly in- crea.scd, thai the new Abbess found it necessary to begin her administration with the erection of larger buildings for their accommodation. This she happily completed with the addition of a new church, dedicated to the Apostles St. Peter and St. Paul, to which she translated the relics of St. Mildred. St Edburga lived to an advanced age, to the great profit of her Kpiritual daughters, and to the increase of her own merits before God. Her sacred remains arc said to have been truis- latcd to Canterbury, together with those of St. Mildred.

St. Bdburga i> *s>d to lin^« bc«n of ihc royal fnmily vf Kent, which is noi unlikely: but it iscxtTcmely imptobablc ihal she was the diughiet of St. Eth<l- bart, aa Mxnc hav« icpunod, lU he died ona hundrsd wid thinjr-fivc ycuti before.

Si.Judoe. Lrg. Tinm., fol. iggb; Capgr.. (o\.

Cn/i, 9, 3g, 41, &i, 6;, 6S. 5^. 6i)&: Nov. Le:g., foi. iota; W. 1

Mofh. Rom.. F. N, Q, R. and i; Chal. |S Scpl,).

Sl. Edbutga. HJir. MS.,cdUcdbyCoclcJl}-ne[Lccch- Cll/l. 10.41. deniB, vol. iii., (i. 4311. Mnrl. K. New English Life of &U Mildred.

THE FOURTEENTH DAY.

At Haylc, in Comxvatl, the ccmmtimration of tfu martyr- \tlem of St. Fing.\r, otherwise crf/Zri/GuicNER, and his sister

■ St. PiaUV, ZLUth tnatty Co.Ml-AK10NS.

Coo MENOLOGY. [BBC. 18.

ss. Fingar, St. Fingar and his sister were children of one Com^! MM,, "^f ^^^ Kings of Ireland, and were converted to the A.D, Paitli, it is said, by the preaching of St. Palrick. ™ ^' They were driven into exile by their father's ho.stilit)'- to Christianity, and found their first place of refuge in Drittany, according to the tradition of that province. They were graciously welcomed by Andrew, the prince of the land, and pro\idcd with a place for their sctticmcnt. After a time, Iiowever, they and iheir companions resolved to establish themselves in Great Britain, cither to secure greater solitude, or, as some say, to preach tlie Gospel to the English, who were then beginning to occupy the country. Their pious intention earned for them the crown of martyrdom, for they had scarcely landed near Haj'le, in Cornwall, when they were attacked by Tcwdrick, the pagan King of the Damnonians, and put to death in hatred of the Failli. St, Kingar is honoured in the Cathedral of Vanne.s on the 14th of Decem- ber, and has given his name to places in that diocese, and in L^on.

1^. W. 3 [ti Mtnb)i ChftL

Hitt, Lobincsu, S>inti dc Bictagnc. vol. i,.p. 39.

THE FIFTEENTH DAY.

/» Rome, l/t£ pioui memory of Offa, King of Essex, an afterumrds AioHk.

Offo, King, Offa succeeded his father Sigherc as King of AJier 708. ^''^ ^^' Saxons in 704. He was a youth of most No Dftf. noble aspect, in the Bower of his age, and most dearly beloved by his people, with the prospect of a long and happj- reign. He had entered into an agreement with the family of King I'enda to contract a marriage with Kyneswida, the daughter of that prince. But she had resolved to conse- crate her virginity to a heavenly Spouse, and in lier trouble, on hearing the designs of her kindred, had recourse to the inter- cession of the Queen of Virgins. Her prayer was heard, and not only was she able to maintain her purpose, but her per-

DBO. 16.)

MENOLOGY.

€01

suasions so touched the heart of OfTa, thnt he too chose the better part, and iiflcr a short reign of four j'ears resigned his kingdom and went on a pttgrimage to Rome, in company with St. Egwin. Bishop of Worcester, and Kenred, King of Mcrcia, and nephew of the virg'in Kyncswida, who had the same pious purpose a* himself. In Rome, Offa toolc the monastic habit, and persevered in that state until called to the heavenly kingdom, on which his heart was set.

Ltg. Chal. (14 Dec.). Niil. BeiU. v., G. t^ Molmcsb. Kc|:., i., j 98,

Malmsflb. P»nt.. iv., { iSo. Flor , A.n. 70a,

THE SIXTEENTH DAY.

/« Rome, tftf hoty memory of Kes rkd. King 0/ Afercta, wAo abiiiiaud hii kingdom ami tmbrated the incnastic lift,

Kine Kcoicd, Kenkkd was the son of Wulfcrc. and suc- j^' cccded to the throne when his uncle Ethelred No iMy. withdrew and professed the religious state in the Abbey of Bardney, A.U. 704. It was to Kcnrcd that Ethelred forwarded the letter of Pope John, requiring him to reinstate Sl.Wilfrid ill all his rights, a good work to which he gladly de- voted himself, as far as it was in his power. The young prince reigned most nobly, as is attested by St. Bede, but it was only for a short period. After four years he was moved by a divine inspiration to abandon all hi: had in this world, and make it his sole care to secure the kingdom of heaven. It is said that he was especially influenced by the miserable death of one of his nobles, who had led a life of sin and refused to be recon- ciled to God.until it was loo late. Whatever may have bccij the immediate motive, his resolution was fixed, and he accom- panicil King Offa and St. Egwin on their way to Rome. There he professed the monastic life, but it would seem that within a year he was called to receive in heaven the reward of his earthly sacrifices.

htS' (^h^- UOci.}. HtU. B«>li. v., c. tg.

Malmwb. Rci;., i. s 7S.

Molmub. Pane., iii.. } 107 i v.,|3ji

(for death}.

6oa

^TEKOLOGY,

"fDEC. l7/lf

THE SEVENTEENTH DAY.

Ai Lismore, iA^ comtnemomehn of ST. MalcHUS, Bislop and Confessor.

St Malchns, St. MalCHUS was a native of Ireland, who for- ^Pj^^"*^-' sooW his countr>' to embrace the religious life as a 1140C- monk of Winchester. There he remained till he * '' was called to the government of the See of Lis- more. He was far advanced in years when St. Malachy placed himself under his guidance, seeking his counsel in the diflficult duties which fell to his lot St. Bernard also speaks with the highest admiration of the sanctity of Malchus and his mira- culous gifts.

Lfg. W. I and a (10 Aug.1 : Chal. H'nt. St. Bernard. Vit. 3. UaL, c 3. 34 Nov.). t.«ftig&n'K Hintoty, vol. tv., p. 73.

THE EIGHTEENTH DAY.

At the Abbey of ilcidcnhcim, in Bavaria, llu deposition of St. WiKEBALD, Confisser.ajui first Abbot of that monastety.

St. Wincbald, WlNESBALD was the son of St Richard the *^ A.D™^" ^'"S- »"J brother of St. Willibald and St. Wal- 761 c. burga. He started from England with his father and brother and other members of the family on their projected pilgrimage to the holy places. At Lucca he had the sorrow of losing his saintly father, who was there called to his heavenly repose. The two brothers reverently buried him in the Church of St Frigidian, and then continued their journey to Rome. In that city, besides satisfying their devotion, they engaged in sacred studies, and led the life of austere religious. They were both seized with violent intermittent fever ; but God so disposed that the attacks should be on alternate days ; so that one wa^ always able to serve the otlier. After this Willibald went on his pilgrimage to Jerusalem and Palestine, while Winebald remained in Rome to perfect his studies, on which he bestowed so much time, tliat when he returned to England he had been seven years absent

DEC. 16.]

MF.NOLOGY.

6oi

suasions »o touched the heart of OfTa, that he too chose the better part, and after a short reign of four years resigned his kingdom and went on a pilgrimage to Rome, in company with St Egivin, Bishop of Worcester, and Kcnrcd, King of Mercia, and nephew of the virgin Kyneawtda, who had the same pious purpose as himself. In Rome. OfTa took the monastic habit, and persevered in that .slate until called to the heavenly kingdom, on which his heart was set

i'*S. CIisl. (14 Dec.]. Hut. Bed*, v., c. 19. MaliDci^ K«{., I.,f 98.

MaliDMlx Pont., iv„ } iSa. t'lor . A.D. 70S.

THK SIXTEENTH DAY.

K

^B /« Rome, tAe holy tneitiory of Ken REI>, Kingof Mercia, who

r abilualid his tingiiam and fmbmccd ikt monoitU Hfe.

\ King Keorcd, Kenhed was the son of Wulferc, and suc-

^H ~^' ceedcd to the throne when h» uncle Rthclrcd

^■^ No Oaj. withdrew and professed the religious state in the

Abbc>- of Bardncy, A.U. 704. 1 1 was to Kcnrcd that Ethclrcd forwarded the letter of Pope John, requiring him to reinstate St. Wilfrid in a!) his rights, a good work to which he gladly de- voted himself, as far as it was in his power. The )'oung prince reigned most nobly, as is attested by St Bcdc, but it was only for a short period. After four years he was mo^-cd byadivinc inspiration to abandon all he had in this world, and make it his sole care to secure the kingdom of heaven. It is said that be was especially influenced by the miserable death of one of his nobles, who had led a life of sin and refused to be recon- ciled to God. until it was loo late. Whatever may have been the immediate motive, his resolution wnsi Rxed, and he accom- panied King OfTa and St Kgwin on their ivay to Rome. There he professed the monastic life, but it would seem that within 3 year he was called to receive in heaven the reward of his earthly sacrifices.

Lff.Chiil.(4 Oct.}. lliit, BcdA, v., c 19.

FlOTn A.l>. 708.

MalmesK Reg., L, f 78. MBlmeib. Ponu, iti., 3 107 ; v., (for deuh).

M3'

«04

MEXOLOGY.

[DBO. 10.

their aiater St. Walbui^a was chosen Abbess. Wincbald pro- cured from Monte Cassino an accurate copy of the Rule of St. Benedict, which he established with great exactness in both houses ; and thus leading mimy along the way of perfection, as he himself advanced in holiness, he awaited his release from the burden of this mortaJ life. It had been his desire to end his days at the tomb of his great father St. Benedict, and he had even obtained permission of the .'\bbot of Monte Cas&ino to do so ; but on the persuasion of St VVillibald and others, he consented to forego his pioLs intention. His holy brother and bishop was with htm at death, which he met with the sentiments and devotion of a Saint on the i8th December. 761. Many and strik'iiig miracles were granted, in attcsta* tion of his sanctity ; and sixteen years later St Willibald, still detained in the exile of this earthly life, had the consolation, on the 24th September, of presiding at the translation of his venerated body, still free from corrupticn and entire, to a place of honour in his church.

Marti. H. N. Q.

Ug. W. I and 1 ; Cbti.

H<i(. Mibm., ActaSS.BeruMl..tac.ii., pan ii., p. tdo (vol. ii.] : Continua- tion of Life. by Nun of Hcidcnheim and AnoibtT.

THE NINETEENTH DAY.

At Winchester, t/tf passion 0/ the VemrahU LaWRKNCK Humphreys, Layman, who suffertd a glomus martyrdom under Queen EHsahth. in t/u ytar i^gi.

V. Lawrence The Venerable L.\WKEN'CE HUMl'llKEVS was 'wSrt*'^*' ^f"" '" Hampshire, and \s9& piously disposed from A-D> his youth, being a constant reader of religious books. At the age of eighteen, he thought him- self capable of holding a controversy with any Catholic, and obtained an introduction to Fr. Stanney, S.J. The result was his own conversion to the Faith of the Church. Fr. Stanney has left 3 most edifying account of his young convert, and tdU us that, though his life had ever been blameless in the eyes of men, yet from this lime there was an obvious

DBO. 20. 31.] MENOLOGY. 60$

change and a rapid advance in holiness. His chief delight was the exercise of all works of spiritual and corporal charity. He visited those in prison, instructed the ignorant, and helped his neighbour in every possible way. After a time the holy youth was seized with a violent fever, and in his delirium applied certain abusive words to the Queen. For these words he was thrown into prison ; and though he solemnly declared that he was not conscious of having spoken them, he was tried and condemned to death. He spent the short remainder of his life in fervent devotion, and suffered with joy at Winchester ; but the day of his martyrdom is not known.

Hill. Chaltoner'B Miss. Priests, vol. i. Aichiv. Westmon., iv., pp. n, 297. Douiy Diaiiea. „ ,. Champney, p. 886.

THE TWENTIETH DAY.

At Dover, tA^ Aofy memory of ST. THOMAS, Monk, who suffered martyrdom at the hands of certain French pirates, in defence of the treasures of the Church committed to his care. It is said t/iat his innocence and the sanctity of the cause for which he suffered were attested by many viiracles. The passion of this faithful sen'ant of God took place about the year I2^s, but the day is not knoii'u.

Lfg. Tinm., fol. Mot; Capgi., fo!. Whilf. Add.; W. 1 and 2; Chal. (in 1390 ; Nov. Leg., fol. iqtb. August).

THE TWENTY-FIRST DAY.

In the Gatehouse Prison, Westminster, t/ie holy death of the venerable Martyr, Thomas Bedingfield, Priest of the Society offesus.

V. Tbonui The venerable Jesuit, Thomas Bedingfield, ^*jgj*"' had been usually known by the name of MoM-

AD. FORD in the course of his missionary labours.

*^''" The members of the Society were especially marked as the victims of Oates' plot, and this holy man was

6o6

MENOLOGY.

[DEC. 22, Sa

one amongst many others arrested on that occasion. Though not actually brought to execution, he died a Martyr to the fiufTcrings of his prison.

Hiil, Challoaer'> Mi«. P(ic»la. vol. ii. Foley's RecorJ*.

THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY.

At Dorchester, f/ie /fttsshn of tfu VtnerabU WiLLtAM Pikes, a Layman, who sujfertd martyrdom in tht ptrsecution of Elisabeth.

V, WIUiAIR

Pikes. M..

A-0.

i50r.

Ho Day.

The charge brought against the venerable .servant of God, WiLIJ.WI PiKES, layman, was one of high treason, for being reconciled to the Church of Rome, and repudiating the Queen's ecclesiastical supremacy. He remained firm in the possession of his faith, and was executed with circumstances of unusual barbarity. It was in the year 1591 that he suffered, but the day has not been recorded.

Mitt. Dooay Diaricn ; Challoner'c Archlv. Weeimon.. Iv.. pp. 11.393.

M!m. PrfcM*. Tot. t. . ,1 » Champnej-,p.«8a.

Stowe.

THE TWENTY-THIRD DAY.

At Hexham, tJu tttpositicn 0/ ST. FriTIIEHKRT, Bisficfof that See, and Confessor.

St. Friihebert, St. Frithkkert succeeded St. Acca as Bishop A-D ^^ Hexham, and ruled that diocese in great holi. 70& ncss of life during the long period of thirty-four years. He also administered the Church of Liiidisfame dun'ng the imprisonment of Cynewolf, the Bishop. St. Frithc- bcrt wa.s called to his heavenly reward on the 23rd December, ,\X>. 766.

Hilt. Kicbaid of Hcxlum i.Tw>id«n, Plot. p- *g3). ^incon Ditnclm.

I

I

I

DBa 34, as.] MENOLOGY. 607

THE TWENTY-FOURTH DAY.

At Douay, in Flanders, the pious memory of Geokuk MUSCOTT, Priest, an eminent Confessor of the Faith, whcsf body reposes in the Ch^el of Our Lady in St Jumes's Church in iliat place.

Geofiie After suffering great labours and innumerable

^^^ hardships in the work of the Mission. Gkokuk

AJl- MuscOTT was thrown into prison, and after

^* twenty years' captivity, tried and condcnnied to

death. The day of execution had dawned, and the .sleil^^i'

was at the gate to drag him to Tyburn, when a reprieve was

brought, which had been obtained by the intercession of the

Queen Henrietta Maria. On his release he was appointeil

by the Pope president of Douay Coliegc, which he t;overned

for four years, to the very great profit of that venerable

institution, both in regard to its spiritual and teui]H)ral

interest At length, worn out with bcjdily suffering;;*, hut

fortified with accumulated merits, he piously reposed in Our

Lord.

Hiit. CbaUoncr'a Him. Priestt, vol. ii. Douay DiaficH. Epitaph at Douay-

THE TWENTY-FIl-TM DAY.

^r Wilton, in Wiltshire, tlu holy memory if<iX. .\r.iiUU<i.\, Widow, the foundress of tlu monastery of thai plan:

StAB«Ka> Alburga was the sister ax half li'iti'i nn liei

'l^^* mother's sidi of I-4;Ix.rt, Kin(; '-f VV< «., .nul wit-.

A.D. married to the illustrious V:.w\ \Si>U\^\\\ nl Will shire. Her husband had rcjaind lli.- .,lil 1 liim li at Wilton, and established there a eoifiiniiiiily nl ( ■iiiniii. in suffrage of the soul of his falh':r, '>l!iiii in biitllr W'Imi ilf became a widow, Alburga cori',':iv'| ihf i|fsij;M nl 1 hiivi'iUhi; it into a monastery of T<Av,'\u\y. wiwmw, jiIhI nlijiiliiril Ihi approbation of her brother tli': Kiiij;, wIjh Im i ulliii'li

Go8

MENOLOGY.

[DEC. 26. 27,

rii:ckoncd as the first fojnder and protector of the house When all was completed, Alburga herself took up her abode with the sisterhood, and there remained till she exchanged a holy life on earth for a blessed eternity in heaven. At a later period. King Alfred erected a neiv monastery at Wilton on the site of the ro>-a! residence, to which the religious were removed.

Leg. Chal.

Hitt. Ldand't Collect.. 319.

Du){d^e'ii Mon3»t., 11., 313.

i., 67; ii.. Old Mc(fie*l Stw), /6'''.

THE TWENTY-SIXTH DAY.

At Chepstow, in hfonmouthshirr, and at Uantathan. in (i/amorj^tws/iire, the fcstivat of St. Tathai, Abbot and Conftssor.

St Taiiiai, Tathai. sometimes called Tathar. and in _^^^( Latin Atheus, was a native of Ireland, who came to Britain in order to leave alt he had in the world, and lead a solitary life. It appears that he first lived as a hermit in the .mountains of Wales, but aftenvards esta- blished a monastery at Llantathan. From thence he was invited by Caradoc, King of Gwcnt, to make his abode at Cacrgvvcnt, or Chepstow, in which place he is said to have founded a school and college. It i.s doubtful in which of these places he closed his holy life, but his memory was held in great veneration in England as well as in Wales.

CbI. 51. Wiif, Moran'n Irlnh S*inlain Bdurin,' ^jr.Tinm.,fbl.30CM:Capgr. (burnt); p. ti W ttq.

Kov. Leg.. foL 379A: W. I ud 3; R«e*' Wcl«h Sa'nu. p. 156.

Chal.

THK TWENTY-SEVENTH DAY.

Tlte holy memory of the Venerabte BRIAN CAN.SKIEI.D.

Priest of the Society 0/ Jesus, who suffered martyrdom from

the Imrdships of tlte imprisonment which he ttidund in defence

of the Faith,

DEC. 2a ]

MENOLOGY.

V. BtUa It was some time before the close of the ^ear

*-*''^J^''- 1645, but on a day not known, that the Venerable •«j> Brian Cansfif.ld. priest of the Society of Jesus sacrificed his life to his fidelity to the Catholic religioa He was a man of most mortiBed life, and most aealous in his missionary labours. The servant of God was actually at tlie altar when he was apprehended ; and, uithout ■ being allowed to take off the sacred vestments, was dragged before a magistrate for examination. In this »tatc he was exposed to various affronts, which he bore with invincible patience, and was then cast into a most filthy dunRCon, the cruel suflfcring of which brought his life to a blessed end. and gained for him the crown of martyrdom.

nut, Ch«l1antt'* Vtim. PriMIs, vol. ii. Fol^* RooOfdh Douay Diarie*; Flocun Anglo-Buva- riciM.

I

I I

THE TWENTY-EIGHTH DAY.

Jn the Isle of Man, tht holy numory 0/ the Bishop St. Romulus and St. CoNINDRUS Bis/iops of that island, and Conftswrs. — Also the (ommimoration of ST. MAUGHOLn, their discipU, and aftcnvardi Bishop of Man.

St HomttJn*. ST. ROMUI-VS arid St. CONINDRUS wcrc pro-

a'^oiu- ^'^'y ^^ fi"'^^ preachers of the Gospel in llie

dnis. Conf.. island, and flourished while St. Patrick was excr-

■ogc! cisin? hi5 apostolate in Ireland. St. Patrick him-

No D«y. self is venerated a.s one of the chief Patrons of

Man, and may have visited it some time during his life; but

it docs not seem reconcilable with his Acts to say, as some

have done, that he was its first c\'an^eltsL

St-M«ughoW. St. Mauchold. in Latin MaCCALDUS and

^^ K'of'' Macc/EIJjUS, was the successor of SS. Romulus

400c. and Conindrus as Bishop of Man. Maquil, as the

name im written in Irish, was a pagan and a ferocious brigand,

when the providence of God brought him across the path of

39

4jlO

MENOLOGY.

[DEC. 30.

St Patrick. He had gone to meet the Saint, with the inten- tion of offering him insults and outrage, but was so touched^ by his gentle words and a miracle wliich he witnessed, that he became a sincere penitent and fervent Christian. St Patrick enjoined on him, as a token of his conversion, that he should leave his native land, on which the obedient disciple took refuge in the Isle of Man. There Maughold was charitably received by the holy Bishops Romulus and Conindriis, and trained in the ways of Chri-stian perfection. He soon became distinguished for his sanctity, and in due time was made Bishop of the island.

Among the Saints specially venerated in the Isle of Man, but of whom we have no authentic Acts, arc Conon, Con- tcntus, Bkdus, and Malchus, Baid to be bi.shops of the island ; also Bradan, Orore, and Patricianus, as well as the eminent Irish Saints, Bridget, Mochonna, and Cocman, who may have visited the island.

Lfg. Cbal. l3 July. 31 M»y. 10 Oct.). Hitl. Luigsn. Hi«t., i.. p. yaj.

Moian's liish iiainu ia Gnat

Biitian.

THE TVVENTY-NINTH DAY.

Af Canterbury, the gioricms passion of%T. Thomas, Arch- bishop and Martyr. — AtTowcr W\\\, Lotsdon. the martyrdom pf the VfnerabU WiLLIAH How.^RD, Viscount Stafford, in the ni^ ofOtarks If.

St. Thomas. St. Thomas, who.se triumphant martyrdom ''•^O*^" has, more than any other single event, made the 1170- English Church celebrated among the nations of Chri-stendom. was bom Jn London in the year 1 1 17. the son of very virtuous parents. Gilbert i Beckct and Matilda his wife. They took every care of the early education of their child ; and the mother, it is well to note, was especially desirous of inspiring him with a tender devotion toward the ever-blessed Mother of God. Thomas studied partly in London, where there were excellent schools at the time, and

DEC. 20.}

MF.XOLOGY.

611

piirtly in Paris; and on his return for a while allowed himself to enjoy freely those amusements which arc so attractive to youth — preserving, nevertheless, great innocence and purity of manners. An accident which occurred in the chase turned his mind to more serious thoughts, and he attached himself to the service of Archbishop Theobald, who had been his father's friend. The prelate soon discovered the great abilities of Thomas, and employed him in the business of his metro- politan administration. In the course of time he was pro* moted to the high dignity of Archdeacon of Cantcrburj', and was also made Provost of Bcvcricy. He then visited Italy, and remained some time at llologna, to complete his studies in the Canon Law. It was after his return that his talents and virtues began to attract public attention. King Henry 1 1. wa-'< greatly captivated by them, and made him Chancellor of the realm, choosing him at the same time to be his intimate friend and confidant. In this position Thomas displayed all that outward splendour which his station was supposed to require, and his external demeanour was rather that of a powerful nobleman than of an ecclesiastic. Still his private life was irreproachable, and in his breast he nourished deeper thoughts than the world gave him credit for. When Theobald died, the Chancellor was comjwiled, by the insistance of the* King, to accept the primacy. He yielded with great reluc- tance, a reluctance proceeding at once from the humility of a pious man. the knowledge he had of the prince's arbitrary temper, and a forecast of the terrible contest, in which he wa.t to be involved. The struggle was not long deferred ; and scarcely was Thoma-s cstabli.'shed in the Metropolitan Sec. when Ilcnry began to put in force his contemplated measures against the liberties of the Church, which it was the Primate's duty to resist to the utmost of his power.

He prepared himself for the terrible trial, after the manner of the Saints. A total change took place in his outward life. Instead of the luxury and extravagance, with which be had been surrounded, he adopted a rule of singular austerity and personal poverty. Fa.stings. and disciplines, and hair shirts, protracted vigib, and constant prayers were the means by

6l2

MENOLOGY.

[DEC. ao.

which he sought to gain the needful fortitude ; and the grace of God not being «-nnting. they were found sufficient for the end.

This long history cannot be related here. The Arch- bishop was soon driven into exile, and remained on the Continent for seven years, during which time he was made to suffer, by the malice of the King, the greatest cruellies, not only in his own person, but in those who were most dear to him. At length, through the influence of Pope Alexander [II. and the King of France, Hcnrj', who was himself in Normandy, allowed the Saint to return to England, and pro- fessed to be reconciled to him, This peace lasted but n short time, as the Arclibishop, when he arrived at Canterbury, published two Papal censures against certain Bishojis who had taken part against him. This filled the King with uncontrollable rage, and led him to vac certain expressions, in the Court, which four knights then present interpreted as commission to put the holy prelate to death. They hastened to England, and on the 29th December, at the hour of Vespers, as the Saint tvas kneeling before the Altar of St. Hcncdtct in his Cathedral Church, they consummated the .•ujcrilcgious crime

Mow far the King was chargeable, and how far his future, pCDancc was sincere, contemporary historians are not agree nor can it here be attempted to determine it. All l^urope was filled with horror at the enormity of the crime. Henry found himself an object of abhorrence to his own people, and a criminal in the eyes of the princes and natives of the Continent.

The murderers were avoided by everyone, and after living some time in absolute solitude in England, went to Rome to ast< penance and absolution. The Fopc ordered them to go to Jerusalem, and spend the rest of their days in penitential exer- cises, which they did, and, as may be hoped, obtained God's pardon, throuRh the intercession of their holy victim. The I'opc also sent legates to Normandj- to hear the cause of the King, who appeared before them at Avranches, acknowledged Ihc guilt of his intemperate language, which, he said, had

DEC. SQ.)

M ECOLOGY.

«I5

been nii$inter]>retccl ; and kneeling before the repre'^ntaiiveg or ihc Holy Sec. humbly accepted the canonical correction ami absolution from the censures incurred Moreover, on his arrival in England, he immediately visited the Martyr":) grave, and obliged all the monkit of the Cathcdriil to <ttrikc him with the discipline, as a proof of his deep contrition.

Sl Thomas was buried in the Cathedral of Canterbury ; inntuncrnblc miracles were wrought at his tomb; pilgrims frewn all parts of Christcndorn fltKkcd thither to pay their demotions, and most costly ofTcrings were made b)' princes and the great people of the world.

The same Pope, Alexander III., published the Bull of the canonization of St. Thomas in the year ii 73 ; and fif\y years after his death, the Archbishop Stephen, on the 7th July, celebrated the ^ilcmn translation of his relics to the gorgeous shrine erected at the eastern end of the church. There they remained an object of the uneeasing veneration of all Christendom, until the well-known sacrilegious profanation under Henry VIII. The festival of St. Thomas is obscn'cd throughout the Church on the 29th December ; and in England, where he is declared the Patron of the secular clergy, his translation also is kept on the 7th July.

There m many I.K-e* of Sl. Ttiomas. Thou of John of Saliibury and FitntcplKn ftie contcmporai}-. The chioniclnt alio, at gtaaa or leu Icn^h. Rcord ihc biRory, AmonK ihem mc Thoin. (UtvaM. Bioinlon. and William ©f Newbuigh. There Arc iiiho vAluabic modem Live* in English.

v.wuiiaia William Howard wzs the second •;urviving Tfijcwmt *3" ^^ Thomas Howard. Karl of Arundel, and St»SoTd. M.. /\]ethca T,ilbot his wife. He was therefore grand- t6Ba son of Philip, Earl of Arundel, who died in the Tower under Elizabeth. and of AnneDacres,hiswife: From his youth he had led an irreproachable and pious life, and shown himscira lover of justice. He married Mary, Baroness Staf- ford, the representative of the ancient Dukes of Buckingham, and was himself created by Charles I. Baron and afterwards Viscount Stafford. When the civil wars were ended and Charles H. restored to his kingdom, I.x:>rd Stafford lived in

)I4

MENOLOGY.

[DEC. 2©.

peace and honour, as well an great domestic happiness, until his G6th year, when Titus Oates broached his infamous plot i^ainst the Citholics of England. The Viscount was one of the first accused, together with Lords Powis, Petrc, Arun- del), and Bellasts ; but he was detained about two years before he was brought to trial in the House of Lords.

His behaviour during his impeachment is said to have been most composed and affecting. During four days he defended himself mo.st completely against the most able counsel and their perjured witnesses ; but such was the spirit of the times and so great the aversion to the Catholic religion, that a majority of his peers brought him in guilty of the treasons with which he was charged, a sentence now uni- versally admitted to be one of the most iniquitous on record.

When the award was announced to him, t^rd Stafford at once replied : " God's holy Name be praised for it I confess I am surprised, but I will not murmur at it. God forgive those who have falsely sworn against me." Having been taken back to the Tower, the Martyr devoted much time to prayer and recollection, by which his courage, though ne\*er deficient, seemed to acquire fresh strength. At certain hours he received his friends^ towards whom he showed the most perfect sweetness and cheerfulness ; nor could he bear to see in them any grief or dejection on his account The day of liis execution was fixed for the 29th December, the festival of St Thomas the Martyr, and notice was ^vcn to him ten da>'S before.

The intimation was received by htm with the greatest con- stancy. " I must obey." he said : ■* this is the day which the Lord hath made ; let us rejoice and be glad in it" On the way to Tower Hill his demeanour was what it had beenJ throughout, and his countenance bore witness to the cheer-' fulness and innocence of his soul. It was said by the spec- tators that grace had left in him no resentments of nature. The speech which he addressed to the people was afterwards printed, and is full of the most Christian sentiments. When he protested his innocence of all treason, the people cried out: '• We believe >'ou, my Lord. God bieas you." He took leave

DBG. sa]

menolcx;y.

6i5

of his fncnds tn the moitt tender but cheerful niiinner, and laid his head on the block with these words : " Sweet Jesus, receive my soul ; into Thy hands, O Lord. I commend my s{»rit ". His head v<-<a struck off with one blow, and he was privately buried in the Tower.

St. Ttwmu. Call. 1. 1, 3, 4. 5. 7. la II. I3«. *. f,

l6. l». »4. »6. J7' 39. 4'. 4*. M. 1*.

JS. 6j, 67, 91, 95, loi. UarU. Rom.. I. K. L. it. P. Q, R. Lfg, Tinin., fbl. yitn; Ca(>KT,, 161,

(bnmt) : Nov. Leg.. fbL iSj ;

WUtLAdd. ; W. I md >; Ch*l.

V. W. Hcrw*rd. Hilt. Challonw'* Mia«. Prieili, vol. li. Piloted Acc«»int and Speech. Aichiv. Westmoii., xxxiv., p. Wj ft U1.

THE THIRTIETH DAY.

At Evesham, in WoreesUrs/tire, the dtfostiiott of St. Egwin. Confessor, Bislwp of Worctit^.

St S<«in. St. Egwin is said to have been born of a royal

^'*'A.D *"' ™'^' '^"^ '"™'" ^'-^ ^^'^'y yo"^h to have b«n in* 7x7- spired with better thoughts than those of worldly greatness. His life was most exemplary ; he was much given to study, kept a watchful custody over his heart and senses, was meek and pious, yet withal just and resolute, and prudent in the management of all afTairs which came before him. He renounced the pi^spects which these qualities opened to him, and desiring only a life of heavenly contemplation, he received all the Orders of the Church, to the pricsth(X)d inclu- sive. When the Sec of Worcmtei' became vacant by the death of Oftfor, the second Bishop, the people loudly demanded Egwin as his successor; and a.i the proposal was most accept- able to King Ethclrcd, as well as to the Metropolitan, the Saint was constrained to sacrifice his own inclinations and accept the jm^sloral charge. As a bishop he displayed all those gifts which the exalted office requires by his personal holiness, his zeal for the spiritual good of his flock, and his tender love of the poor ; but these very merits provoked the ill-will of some of his froward subjects, who prejudiced the

m

MENOLOGY.

[DEC. 30.

Ktni^ and the Metropolitan ngainst him, and oUJgcd him to withdraw from his diocese. Egwin had long desired to visit the holy places of Rome; and, considering that he had now a favourable opportunity, resolved to satisfy his devotion, and at the same time explain his cause to the Vicar of Christ Hut he willed to go as a penitent and to share in some manner in the fetters in which the holy Apostles gloried, and so bound his legs with an iron chain, secured by a lock, the key of which he threw into the river Avon.

When he arrived in Rome and was in prayer before tbc Confession of the Apostle, or, as some say, at an earlier stage of his journey, his attendants went to procure food in the market, and purchased a fish to provide them \vilh a repast. Great was their amazement, when on opening it they discovered the very key which they had seen the Saint cast into the Avon ! This was an obvious proof that God intended to release His servant from his voluntary penance, and accord- ingly the fetters were unlocked, The news of the miracle, howe\-er, wa;i soon »preJid throughout Rome, and reached the cars of Pope Constantine.

He was received with great reverence by the Pontiff, who wished him to celebrate Mass in his presence, and had many conferences with him. He sent him back to England with much honour, and ordered him to be reinstated in his See, and the calumnies being now completely dispelled, he wa& iQost gladly welcomed by all.

It was af^er this that King Isthelred gave him an uncul- tivated tract of land as a pasture for hie cattle, and in this spot the SaiiU was consoled by a vision of Our Blessed Lady, from which he inferred that it was God's will that he should csta-| hiish a religious house there. Tlius began the foundation of the great Abbey of Evesham, to the completion of which ^win devoted himself with the greatest earnestness. Having at length settled all things in good order, he accompanied Kenred and Ofla, two princes, who had just resigned their thrones for the love of God, in their pilgrimage to Rome, where he obtained from the Holy See most ample privileges and exemptions for bis newly-founded abbey.

DBO. 31.] MENOLOGV. 617

At length the Saint felt that the time was come when he might gratify his early longing, and retire from the cares of his episcopal charge. This he found means to effect, and, to the consolation of his children, went to end his days in the Abbey of Evesham. He lived to an advanced age, a pattern of every virtue to his community, until he was called to his reward. The tomb of St Egwin was frequented by numerous devout clients and honoured with many miracles.

A solemn translation of his relics took place in the year 1039, on the 10th September, in fulfilment of a vow made by .^Iward, Bishop of London, who had escaped shipwreck through his intercession,

Calt. 47, 62b, 63, 67, 100. /fill. Flor., a.d. 717.

Martt. L, M, Q, R. Malmesb. Pont., iv.. } 160, 331.

Ltg. Tinm., fol. 3116; Capgr., fot. Chronicle of Evesham [Rolls series).

91a; Nov. Leg., fol. i23<ii VVhitf. Mabill., Acta SS. Bened., saec. iii., p.

Add.; W. 1 andii Chal. 316.

THE THIRTY-FiRST DAY.

" Mirabilis Deus in Sanctis suis ; ipse dabit virtutem et fortitudinem plebi suae, Benedictus Deus" (Ps. Ixvii. 36).

God is wonderful in His Saints : it is He who will give power and strength to His people. Blessed be God.

APPENDICES.

APPENDIX I.

A Catalogue OF Ancient Britlsk Saints wnost: Acts

HAVE PERISHED, OR WERE NKVER WRITTKN, AND OK WHOM NO ACCOUNT CAN HE FOUND, SUFFICIENTI.V AUTHENTIC, FOR INSERTION IN THE MENOI.OGV.

A.

An AlpkabeUcal List of Welsh Saints, to whom Churches are dedicated, or whase names appear in some ancient Calendar, Imt hoj'e no trustivorihy legend connected with them.

Aelkaiarn (end of 6th cent,), Patron of Llann, county of Merioneth, and Guilsfield, Montgomery (C.B. 595; R. 275, 331, 341, 346; ChaL Suppt. (Elhaiam), i Nov.).

Aelrhiw, Patron of Rhiw, Carnarvon (R, 306, 33a ; Chal. Suppl. (Elryw), 9 Sep.).

Afan Bualt (6th cent,), of the line of Cunedda, uterine brother of St Teilo, a Bishop, buried at Llanafan Fawr, Brecknock, of which he was Patron ; also of Llanfechan, Brecon, and Lllanafan, Cardigan (C.B. 275, 593, 601; R. 326, 327; Chal. Suppl., 17 Dec).

Afran, occurs as Patron (with Sannan and Teuan) of Llantrisaint, Anglesey (R. 324).

AiLFVW, Ailvew, or Elkeis (sth cent.), Patron of Llanw, Pembroke

(R. 350, 'fia)-

Allacus, the same as Gallgo, below.

Amaethlu (or Maethlu), Patron of Llanfacthlu, Anglesey, and

perhaps of Llandyfalle, Brecon (C.B. 595 ; R. 324, 326, 270). Amo, the same as Anno.

622

MENOLOGY.

Akdkas ab Rhun {gth cent.), of the family of Erychan, Founder and probably Patron of St Andrews Major, or Dinas Powys, near Catdi(r(R. 335, 164).

Ane (6U1 cent.), of the family of Caw, Patron of Caed Ano, Anglesey

(R- 3*4, 325)-

Anhwn (5lh cent.), co-Foundress and Patron of Trawsfyrydd, Merioneth (R. 34a, 164).

Anno (or Amo), Patron of LUnito, Radnor, and Ncwborough, An- glesey (R- 3S''3'4>-

Armoh, or Harmon, Patron of church in Brecon, n grcnt place of |)ilgriniages, according to Lcland (Chal. Supp!., App.).

Arwan. a parish in Montgomery is called St. Arwan (R. 345).

It is doubtful to which of

BaCLaM, son of Dingad (jth cent). 1 Baclan, son of Ilhel Had (5th cent)./

these Saints are dedicated TJanfaglar, C>mar^-on, and Baglan,

GlflmoTgan (C.B. 594; R. 331, 335, 375, aaj). The ancient

Utanies in Mabillon, AmuUs, vol. ii., have an invocation of

Sanae Bachia. Baisil, Patron of church at Baislegg, diocese of LlandaflT (Chat.

Suppl, App.) — perhaps not Welsh. Baxrou, Pation of church in Munmouth (Chal. Suppl., 36 Sep.j

Cat. a? Sep.). Bruno, grandson of St. Gundleus, and related to SS. Codoc and

Kcnligcm, founded a monastery at Clynnog Faifn, Carnarvon ;

instructor of St Wineftid. Many chapels bear his name (R.

268; Chal. Supply 21 April). In Menology. BtEDKvrs, Fatron of church in Cardigan (Cha). SuppL, App.). Blewdian, the same aa St Lupus of Troyes. BtESWYDU, Patron of chapel in Anglesey (Chal. Suppl.. App.). BODFAN (7lh cent.), Patron of Abcrn, Carnar*-on (R. 331, 308;

Ch.1l. Suppl., 1 Jan., — Boduan). BREUitE, mentioned by Ch.illoncr as a Welsh Sainc — perhaps St.

Briavel. Brothen, son of Helig (7th cent). Patron of Llanfrothen, Merio- neth (C.B, S96 i R- 34" ; Clial Suppl, 18 Oct). BuAN (6th cent), Patron of Bodfiian, Carmanhcn (CB. 594 ; R-

331, s8o; Chal. Suppl.). BUAS, or ViAN (4 Aug.). BvBUC, in Menology (3 July).

APPENDIX I.

625

CADrAX (6th cenL), grandiion of Prince of Annorica ; lied to Wales in the Fiankish invasion; founded a monaaery in the Isk of

Bardscjr. Cjujtarch (6th cent.), brother of Cawrdaf, Patron of Pengos, Modi-

gomety (R- 34"% '7°; Chal. Suppl.. >4 Oct). CaOWallaDOR, King, Paiioo of two churches (ChaL Suppl., 8 OcL).

Id Menologjr. C*t»oc (5th cent.), of family of Brydian, Patron of Uanipyddyd,

Brecon, and lianfpdog Fam, Carnarvon (CB. 309; R. 3*6,

330)- Cadwim, Patrcin of I Jangcdwln, McnoncUi (Chal. Suppl, Apjn).

C-vrro <6lh ccnL^ of family of Caw, Pauon of LlangalTo, Anglesey

(R-3a4. »»7)-

Caesoc (5th cent.)t grandson of Br)-chan, Patron of Clogaenog.

Ucnl^ (R. 53a). Caffxliak, I'atton of church indigceseof St. David's (Chal. Suppl.,

March), Caian (sih cent.), of family of Brj-chan, Patron of Trcgaian, An- glesey (R. 324. 146)- Cais (6th cent.), of family of Caw, Patroness of IJangani, Carnar- von (R. 319, aaS; Chal. Suppl., 25 Sep.). Callwen (5th cent), said to be of family of Brychan, Patroness of

Capd Callvfen. Brecon (R. 32$, 153). Cauuakcm (6th cent), son of St. (Jundleus, Patron of IJangan-

nuirch, Brecon (R. 336, 333). Cahna, grand-daughter of Emyr Liydavr, the Armorican Prince, niece of St. Cadfan, Patroness of Llangan, Carmarthen, and LUngan, Glamorgan (R. 330, 337); mother of St. Elian {R. a6;). Cakmak, 1

Casnwn, > the same as Cynfyw. Cakw, J

Caxbooc, Patron of Ijwrcnny, Pembroke (Chal. Suppl,, App.). Cakom, Bishop, Patron of Tregaron, Cardigan (R. 317, 306; Chal.

Suppl., 1 March). Casttt, Patron of Llanga.sty (Chal. SiippK, App.). Catrak (6lh cent.), son of Cawrdaf, Patron of Llangaihen, Car-

manhen (R. 330, J50). Cawkdaf (6th cent), Prince of Brcconshirc, aftcrnards MonV. Patron 0/ Llangred, .Anglesey, and Abcrerch, Carmartlicn (CB. 6o! ; R. 334. 331. 170).

^24

MENOLOGY.

Cedol, Pairon of Pcntir Chapel, or Llangedol. near Bangor (R. 331. 306; ChaL Suppl. (Kedol), 1 Nor.).

CED\vi-N (6th cent.), reputed Patron of Ll^ngcdwin, Monigomei; (R. 334. aSo).

CsiDOio {6ih cent.), of family of Caw, Pairon of Rhodwj-dd Geidio, AnglcHcj', and Ceidio, Caman'on (R. 324, 331, 327; Chal. Suppl,, 6 Nov.).

Ceitho, of tlic race of Cuncdda, jotni-Patroii u-iili his bruiher» (Gwyn, Gwynno, Gwynnoro, and Celynin) of Lbnpumssinc, in patisli ut' At>crgwilc, and of Pumsaint, in Oonw)-l Gaio, Car- marthen; supposed Patron of Llangcilho, Cardigan (R. 529, 32S, 3I»-3).

CfcL&R, Mariyr. Pairon of IJangelcr, Carmarthen (R, 330, 306;

Chal. Suppl., App.). Celvkik, son of Cynyr, brother of Ccitiio (above). CELViftH, son of Hclig (jih cent.), Pstion of Llangclynin, Merioneth

(R- 34'. 3°=; Clial. Suiipl., 22 Nov.), CtssvCH. Patron of I.iangennych, Carmarthen (R. 330, 306.). CwMVUD (6th cent.}, son of Gildas ab Caw, was first .1 member of the

College of St. lltut, then founder of a moniuiteiy in Go«et,

Glamorgan, where the Church of Llangenncth is dedicated to

him. CiAN (7th ceni.), servant of Sl Peris, and Patron together with him

of Mangian, Carnarvon (R. 33a, 302). CtMELiAUc, the same as Cyfdach, below. CiwA, Patron of Llagiwa, Monmouth (R. 343, 307). Ci WO (6th cent.), of tlie line of Coel, Patron of IJangulcc, Clamorgait.

Cl-*tTAN.

Clkdoc, Clodoc, or Clvdo6, the same as Clitancus in Menolog)-

{Chal. Suppl. (Clodocus), 3 Nov.). Cleuwvn, titc saiuc as Clydwyh, below. Cl££h or Cmixe, Pairon of church in Carm, also in Cornwall (Chal.

Suppl., App.). Clvtan, or Ci-iTANcus, in Mcnology (3 Nov.), the same as Oedog. Clydai, or Clvdau (5th cent), of family of Brychaii, supposed PotrxH

nessof Clydai in Emlyn (C.K. 600, 275 ; R- 347. 'S')- Clydw^s, or Cl-yti^VN (5th cent.), of fimily of Brychan, prince and

warrior, Patron of Llanglydwyn. Carmarthen (C.B. 274 ; R.33o,

140} Chal. Suppl., App.j.

APPENDIX I.

tiss

CorxK, or GovEN, PatToa o( lAnngatcn, Monmouth, uid Coven

Chapel, Pembroke (R. 343. 347. 307 ; ChaL. >8 Dec). CoLL£K, <iDiX£H, w CuLtAN, I'atToti of chuTchcs in Wales and

Cornwall (ChaL SuppL, 20 May' ; in MabU)., 11 May). COHWtLL, at' Convrjlgaio, Camufthen. Ciuu,o (6th cent), son of Sadmn, Patron of Uangrello, or Coy-

church, Olamorfpn (R. ^6, 333). Ckzdvw, joined with Cynrran. (Chal. Su|>|)L. 1 1 Nov.). CanrnotDS (61I1 i:ent.)< of line of Ein)T Uydaw, couun ot Cadfaw,

Patron of Llangrisiiolus, Angles, Eglvys Wrw, and Penrydd,

Pembroke (R. 3)4. 347, 349, 4 jo; Chal. Supial., 3 Nov.). CuKO tit-'RNOCK, at Llingurnock, Montgomery. CwiRc Lo-wvD (R. 307. 346). CwTFKN' (7th cent), deicendant of Carndog Biatdifras, Patron or

Llangvryfen, Atiglesea; Tudweiltog, Carnarvon j UangwyfeOi

Dcnbi^ (R. 315, 331, 334. 304). "

CwvixOG (6th cent.), daughter of Caw, PatrooeBS of Llangv><tlog,

AngkMa(R, 324, 217). CvBO, or KvBO, in Menotogy (6 Nor.).

CrrELACH, or Ciueliakcus, supposed Patron ofa church (R. 337). Cvtifw (6ih oeni.), son of Su Gundlew, Patron of Uaagyfyw, near

Cacrleon, Monmouth (R. 343, 23^) ; jicthaps also of LUngjnui,

Montgomery (R. 346, 933; C.B. 598). CvNOKVu, of family of Brychan, slain by Saxons at Bwkh Cybryd,

Patron of UUndulas, Denbigh (R. 333, r44). Ctkddilic (6th cent.), son of Ccnvrydd. Patron of a chapel in parish

of lianryshad, Cardigan (R. 318, aSi). CvwDEViK, son of Arthog. of family of Cuncdda, Patron of Llafig>'n-

deryn, Carmarthen (R. 330, j 1 1 ; CB. 393 ; Chal. Suppl., 2$

Joly). CvUFAD, Patron of chnpel in parish of Llanfcir, or of Bryn, Ctitnar-

thcn (R. $19, 307). CvuFARcw Oer (5th ccnL), ol»o called Kumekick, of family of Coel,

Patron of I-lanfair r^irr>'n Clwyd, Denbigh ; Estyn, Flint ; St.

Kinemark's, Monmouth (R. 333, 335, 168-9 ; LU 157). CvKP.MiwY, son of .\wy ab IJcnog, Prince of Cornwall, Patton of

IJangynfarway, Anglesea (R. SJ4, 307; Chal. Supj)!., 7 Nov.). CvNrELTN (6th cent.), son of HIcddyd, of time of Cuncdda, Patron

of Uangynfclyn, Cardigan; and of Welshirool, Montgomery

(C.B.593; R. 338, 346, a6o).

40

626

MENOLOGY.

CvwFSA» (sill ceol.), of family of Brychfln, Pfttron of l.ly«feen. Car- narvon or Denbigh, where there vas a well tinder bis name {R. 333, 144; C.B. 600 ; Chal. Suppl. (Cynfran and Cfedyn), u Nov.).

CvKGAR, or BocwtNiis, in Mcnology (Chal. Suppl. 7 Jlaich).

Cv!*HAfm,(7lh cent.), Patron of IJaiigynhafd, Denbigh (R. 334, 295; Chal. Suppl., 5 Oct).

CvsTHAiRN, brother of AilliaJnrn (61I1 ceni.), Patron of Cynhaiam, Carnarvon (C-JI. 595 ; K, 331, 275), and Patron lays of Cyn- hairn, Mtiionclh {ChaL Suppl., App.).

CvsHEiDDioN ($xb cent), of family of Brychan, Paironw* of a chapel in [arUh of Candyfaclos, Carmarthen (R. 330, 151).

CvNiDR (jth cenl.), of family of Brychan, cousin of St. Cadoc, Patron of Aber>'^r and Glasbury, Brecon, where he was buried (K.

CvKiN (sih or 6th cent.), of family of Brychan, Patron of l.langj-nin, Cannarthen,said(ohnvc been a bUhop (R-j^t, 144; C.B.374, Cynon),

Cvwo.v (6th cent.), companion of Cadfan, from Armorica, at monas- tery of Bardscy, Patron of Capcl Cynon, Cardigan, and of Trcgynon, Momgomcry (R. 318, 346, 215).

GmtLLO, in Menology (17 July).

CvprwvD (6ih cent.), of line of Coel, Patron of Llangynw>-d Fawr, CiMteargkn (R. 337, ro8),

CvMWYL (6th cent-), brother of St. Daniel of Bangor, assisted the eslablishment of the monastery of Bangor, Patron of Abetporth, Carmarthen, and of Penthos, Carnarvon (R. 337, 319, 33 1, 260 j Chat. SuppL (Cynfill), 21 Nov.).

CvRioL, cbc same as Sisuuol.

DerfelGadarn ((;ihcenu),descet)daniof EmyrLlydaw, tlieAnuo- rican ptincc. Patron of I-landetfcl, Merioneth, from whence his Statue of wood was taken to London in the litne of Hent>' VII]., and burnt at the martyrdom of the Blessed John Forest, in Smiihticld. He is also Patron of a eha|>t:l in Momnouthshirc (R- 341. 342. »ii ; C.B. 59S ; Chal. Suppl., 5 April).

Dbvkol, Dakicl, Bishop of Itangor, Patron of several churches (ChaL Suppl., 1 Dec). In Mcnology.

Devxou or Daniel the Cariicntcr, I'atnsn of several churches (Chal. SuiJipl., 1 1 Sept.).

APPENDIX I. 627

DiNQAD (jth cent), of the family of Brychan, Patron of Llandingad, Cannarthen, and of Dingestow, or Dynstow, Monmouth, where it is said he was buried (R. 330, 34a, 140 ; C.B. 374).

Dhetty, Patron of Llandhetty, Brecon (Chat. SuppL, App.).

Dbyniolen (Chal. Suppl, 22 Nov.) ; in Menol(^ (23 Nov.).

DiGAiN (5th cent.), of the Cornish line of Cystennin Gomen (Con- stantine of Cornwall), Patron of Llangemiw (Church of the Comishman), Denbigh (R. 334, 134).

DiNABO, the same as I.unapeiu».

DiviDOG, or Devidog, Patron of divers churches (Chal. Suppl., 35 June).

Docwv, perhaps the saniu as Dogway, Patron of church in diocese of SL Asaph (Chal. Suppl., App.).

DOCKWYN,

DocKoE, Docus, DOCEUS (ChaS. Suppl, 26 Nov.) ; in Menology (15

Feb.). DOGED (6th cent.), brother of Afan Bualt, Patron of Llanddoged,

Denbigh, sometimes called Dogon Frenhin, or the King (R. 333,

209). DOGFAN (sth cent.), of the family of Brychan, slain by the Saxons in

Pembroke, Patron of Llanhaiadr ym Mochnant, Denbigh (R.

334, 145)- DoGMAiL (6th cent), of the line of Cunedda, Patron of St Dog-

mael's, in Cemmaes; St. Dogmael's, in Pebwidic^, and other

places in Pembroke ; and of Llandogwel, in Anglesea (R. 324,

349. 350. '" ; C.B., 592 ; Chal., 14 June ; Suppl, 31 Oct.). DoGUAN, Martyr at Merthyrdivan, and of LtandaflT (Chal Suppl, 13

July). Doha (7th cent.), Patron of Llanddona, Ai^lesea (R. 324, 303;

Chal Suppl, App.). DoNAT, or DuNWYD, Patfon of Welsh St. Donats, or Llandunwyd,

Glamorgan (R. 336, 339). It seems not certain that he was

Welsh. DuNAVTO Tyn (DiNOST, DiNOTHUs) (6th Cent.), of the line of Coel,

son of St. Pabo, father of St. Daniel, Patron of Bangor, Flint

(R. 334, 206). Dt;Nn'£N, Patron of Chapel and Island, oET Anglesea (Chal Suppl,

18 Sept). DuNWYD, same as Donat, above. DwvNAN, same as Dyfan, below.

628

MENOLOGV:

IJwTWAN (6th cent.}, brother of Derfel Gadam, Patron of LlhiKl-

dwywan Ctiapel, Merioneth (R. 341, 2Ji ; Chal. Suppl, 14

May). IH'x'xwEW (sth cent.), of the family of Biychan, Patroness of Lland-

dwyn, Anglcsca (R. 324. isO- Perlia|w the same of Dcwyn,

(C.B. 170, 600; ChnL Supi>l., 35 Jan.). DvFAN (Daruvian, Uamianus), reputed envoy of Pope Si. Elcu-

thcrius (R. 83, 84, 334; C.B. S7S), Patron of one or more

churches (Chal. Suppl. (Dwywan or I>uniian), 14 May). DvrNio (6th cent.), companion of St. Cadftin, joint Patron of LUn-

wrin, Montgomery (R. 346, 324). Dyfkan, Patron of I .Inndyfnan, Anglesea (Chal. Supi)!., 73 April). I>yFRAN, in Menology (93 April). I>vrNOC (7lh cent.), Patron of Dyfynog, Brecon, and of Llanshaiadr,

Denbigh (R. 315. 334, 295 ; C.B. 591 ; Chal. SuppL, 13 FcU). Dycwvd, Patron of Llandygwyd, Cardigan (Chal. Suppl., 13 Jan.).

Edevrh (5th cent.), son of Gwrgtheyrn (Vorligem), of ibc cong

tion of Cattwg, established a monastery at a place aftennards

called I-lanedeyrr, Glamorgan, of wbicli he is Patron (R. 337,

186). Edeyrn (7th cent.}, son of Nudd, a bard, who embraced a hfe of

sanctity, Patron of Bodcdcm under Holyhead (R. 323, 298;

C.B. 593; ChaL Suppl., 2 Dec.). Edi, Patron of Llancdi, Girmarthen (Chal. Suppl, App.). EELRi-w, same as Aclryw. Egrad, ot EcitEAS, brother of St Gildas, Patron of LUmegrad,

Anglesea (R. 324, 330 ; Chal., 30 Jan. ; Chal. Suppl, 6 Jan.). EcRVN (7th cent.), Patron of Uancgryn, Merioneth (R. 341, 3&4). Egwad (7th cent.), son of Cynddilis, Patron of I-Ianegiras and

Llanfjnydd, Carmarthen (R. 330, 398; Chal. Suppl., App.). RiKGAN, the same as Einion, below. EictON, or EiNGiON, Patron of Llaneigion, Brecon (R. 336). EiMiow Fremhin (7th ccnL), of the line of Cunedda, Patron of

LlMengon, Anglesea (R. 33a, aia; C.B. 593; ChaJ., 14 Jan.;

Chal. Suppl. (Anian), 9 Feb.). Elerius, same a liar. Elitm, Patron of Llanclith, Anglcsca (Chal. Suppl., to^Nov.); io

Menology (10 Nor.}. Elfejs, the same as Ail^w (Cbal. Suppl., App.}.

APPENDIX I.

€29

EiLAH (6(h c«nc), fri«nd of Si. Cybi, Patron of IJanelian, Ai^lesea, where "mjiaculous cures up lo r«cm limcs irerc supposed to be peifonned," and of Llanclian, l>cnbigh, where his well is still vcneraiecl (R. 394, 536, 367); in Mcnolog>- (13 Jan.).

Eu i>AK, Pdiion of divers churches (CtuL Supply 16 June).

Klii>yk, Pation of Amroth, Ludchurch, 2nd Stack]>ool, Pembroke (R. J47 ; Chal. SuppL (Elidcre), 13 Jan.).

Elldktrn (jth cent.), son of Gwrheym (Voitigera), Patron of IJanillem, (Ilamoi^im (R. 338, 1S6).

EU.YN, of the line of rtT)-chnn, i>erhap« the s.ime as Elined or Almcdh;!, Patroncsx of l.hnclly and Llanclicn, Itrccon, and Llaruilly, ComwnJI (R. 396, 330).

Ei.vRis, Bishop of Mencvia.

K1.WB13, the same as Ailfyw.

Enddwyn, Patron of lianenddwyn, Merioneth (R. 341, 308).

E.NrArL <5ih cent), of family of Bo^han, PnirorKsa of Mcrthyr, Glamorgan {R. 331, 15s). Seems \-erj' uncertain.

EhC'HEHEl (7th cent.), Patron of Llanenghenel, Anglesea (R. 334,

297)- Erbik, in Menology (39 May).

Et'RPYl, Patron of Llaneurfyl, Moiilgoiuery (R. 346, 308; Chai

SuppL (Ervell), 6 July).

Facan, said to be one of tlie en\<oy8 of St. Eieuthertus, P.t(ron of one or inote cliurches (R. 338, 83, 84 ; C.B. in Epin., Chal.

Su]>|ll., 10 Feb.).

Flkwvm (6th ceni.), ton of lUiel H.ael. an .Amiorican prince. Patron of XJanflewj-n. .Vnjjksca (R. 324, 332 ; Ci1.1l. Suppl., 1 1 Dec.).

Florenck, Patrot; of church in Pembroke (Chal. Suppl., App^), per- ha)» not Welsh.

FlTOATtvs, the saiDt! as Pagan,

Galco (Chal. Suppl, 37 Nov.), seems to be the same as Galtcg. Galleg, or AiXACUS (6U1 cent.), brother of Giid,is, Patron oi

Llanallgo, Angicsca (R. 314, 330; C.B. 598). Gan, Patron of Llangan, diocese of IJandaff, also church in diocese

of St. Uand's {Chal. Suppl., 25 Oct.). Gaktmlli, Patron of Captl Garthdi, Cardigan (R, 337, 307). Casty, or Gastavne (5th cent.). Patron of IJangasty Talylyn,

Brecon (R. 336, 157).

630

MENOLO(

Gewi'dh, Pairon of two cliurches in Brecon (Chal, Suppl., a July).

tilSTli.iAN, in Menology (4 March).

CkiNOfi, Patron of llnngonwyd, diocese of Llandaff (Chal. Suppl, a8

Sept.). (iREUiFAEi. {7ih cent.), brother of Flcwyn, PAtron of Pcnraynydd,

Angleiea (R. 325, an; Chal. Suppl. (Crediral), 13 Nov.). GONiSG. in Carnarvon [Chal. Suppl., 31 Dec.). Grwst (jih cent), of the line of Cocl, Patron of Llanrwst, Denbigh

(R- 334. 29s ; CB. 593; Life of St. Ninian, ed. Forbes, p. xxxi.). GORDIA, or CowRDA, PalTun of various churches (ChaU Supply 5

Dec). GowER, Patron cf church in diocese of Si. .Asaph (Chal. Suppl,

11 July). Granoo, Patron of Llangranog, Cardigan (Chal. Suppl., 16 March). GUAiNZRTH, Waynaruus, OF Weonard, Pation of St. Weonard'l

Chapel, in Lugwardine, Hereford (R. 340, see LL. 546 ; Oul.

Suppl., no day). GwiDDiN. Patron of Llanwddin (R. 333, 334), perhaps not a Welsh

Saini- GwES (sth cent), of family of Brychan, mother of Caradt^ Fraich-

fras. Patroness of Talgarth, Brecon (R. 32;. ijo; CB. 600, 174^ GwF.NDOi.iN, Patron of divers churches (Chal. Suppl, 18 Oct.). GwENFAKS (6th cent.), diughtcr of Pauliniis of Whitland, Patron of

Rhoscolyn, Angl&iey (R. 315, 237 ; Chal. Supp!,, 5 IJov.). GwBNm. (jth cent.), of &inily of Brychan, Patronesii of chapel at

Uanddcwi-Brefi (R. 327, 133), CJwENLLWvro, Pairon of Llanwerll»-yfo, .Anglesey (R. 323, 307). GwENOG, Patron uf Uanwenog, Cardigan (Chal. Suppl., 3 Jan.); in

Menology (3 Jan.). (iwevNowRE, Patron of Llangu'eynour, Cannanlien (Chal. Stippl,

10 Nov.). GwLADUS, or GuADVs (5th c«nt), of family of Brychan.. wife of St

Gundlcus and mother of St. Cadoc, Patroness of an cxtina

chaj>el in Celligaer, Glamorgan {R. 336, 146 ; CB. 374). GwRFvw (6ih cent.), of the line of Coel, Patron of an extinct chapel

in Bangor Fawr, Carmarthen (R. 331, 280). GwKUAi (6th cent.), of family of Ciw, Patron of Pcnystrywad, Mont-

gomeiy (R. 346, 231 ; CB. 597). GwRiiiR (6th cent.). Disciple of St. Tcilo, Patron of I.ly&cn, Gla-

n««S»n(R-337. »S0-

APPENDIX 1.

631

GwRTHft'i, Patron of Uanwrthwl, Brecon, and Mae*Ilwrthwl, Gla- morgan (R. 336, 319, 308).

Owi'nDEWX, Pation of Lbnwyddelan, Montgomery, and Dolwyddy- bn, Carnarvon (R. jji, 346, 30S; CtuL Supply aa Aug.).

UWDDfARcii, Patron of Mcilfod, Montgomery (R. 346, 308).

Gwvrw, Pairon of Dissert, Him (Chal. Sui>pL, 2 June).

GwvN, brother of Ccilbot S«c Ccilho.

(;wiLLoc, Patron of Lhtigwilloc, Anglesey (Chal. Sappl, 7 Jan.).

Owv«D.\r Hen (6ih cent.), »oo ot Emyr Llydaw, the Armoiican Prince, Either of St. Meugan, died Hermit at Bftrdsty, Patron of LUinwnda, Carnarvon, and Uunda, Pembroke (K. 333, 34lit, ai9).

Cwi-NriLi^ Patron of Capcl GwynfiU, Cardigan (Chal. SuppL, a Nov.).

Gw^KCENEu (fith cent.), son of Paulitius of Wliiiland, Pairon of Capel Gwyogencw, star Holyhead (R. 323, 337).

Gvn-NE.'i, DT GwvxNKN (7th ccnL), Patron of Lbndygwj-nnen, Camar. von, and Dwygyfylchi, Carnarvon (R. 331, 33r, 30a; Chal. Suppl., 31 Jan.).

Gflnrwio, Patron wf I.Ianwj-nnii>, Carmarthen (R. 330, 30S; Chal. Supply 2 March).

GvrvNLLif (6th cent,), of the line of Cunedda, Patron of Nant- gwnlte, Cardigan (R. 318, a6i).

GwY^NO, brother of Ceitho. Sec Ceitho.

GwvKNO, or CwvNNOo (6th eent.), son of Gildas, of family of Caw, Patron of Faenor, Brecon, I.lantrisaint, and l.bnwynno, Glamor- gan ; Llanwynnos. in Clodock, Hereford; Wonsiovr, Monmouth ; Abeilufael and l-bnwnog. Moniyomery (R. 315. ^^J, 339, 345, 346, as? ; CB. 597, 601 ; Chal. Suppl., 26 Oct.).

CwTKKOBO, brother of Ceitho. Sec C«tho.

GwvKODL (6th cent), Monk of Bangor, Patron of Llangwynodl, Carmarthen (R. 333, 136; Chal. Suppl., i Jan.).

Cvr\-«ws (jih cent.), of family of Br)'chan, Patron of LlannTuvs, Cardigan (R. 3*7, 153)-

GvfVYE.\.\, Virgin, in North Wales (ChaL Supply 3 June).

Gvn-rHERiN <6th cent), Patron of Gw)-therin, Denbigli, where St. Winefrid was buried (R. 333, 275).

HvcHAN- (5ih cent.), of family of Brychan, Patron of Mangj-chan,

Dc(ibi(:;h (R. 334, 144; Chal. Siijipl., App.). Howe's, Patron of divers churches (Chal. Suppl., 6 Jan.), jierhaps

Hyvfyn.

632 ^^ MENOLOGY.

H\-v,-vK (6th cent.), son of Gw>-ndai' Hen, Monk of Bardsey, Patron of Aberclaron, Carnanon (R. 331, 319).

Idlobs (7lh cent.), Patron of Llanidloes, Montgomery (R. 546, 198 j

Chal. Suppl, 6 Se|>.)- IiAK (6th cent.), an Annoiican, Patron of Llanilar, Cardigan. Other

churches may be dedicated 10 this Saint, or to St. Hilary (R,

328. sm)- Illou, Patron of Himani, Monlgomery (R. 346, 308 ; C!»al. SuppL,

8 Aug.). ISAK (6th cent.), of the College of St. Ilttyd, Patron of Llantshcn,

Clamor^^an, and Llanlshen, Monmouth (K. 337, 334, 357;

ChaL, 6 Nov.).

JBSTIN (6th t<nl.), son of Gemini, a Prince of Devon, Patron of Llanestin, Anglesey, nnd Llanestyn, Carnarvon (R. 314, Jjs. 333 ; C.B. 599; ChaL Suppl, 12 April).

Jbi;an occurs, witli Afran and Sannan, as Patron of Llantrtsaint

Anglesey (R.3S4)- JUNABWi, the same as Lunapeius.

KakaNI'Oc, in Menolofty (16 Jan.).

Keinwen, two churches in Anglesey (Chal. Siippl, 7 Oct).

KiNOiAKK, same as Cynfarch-

KwwvTnEN, the same as Cynheddion, above.

KuMEKUJC, same as Cynfarch.

K£RiG, Patron of Portkerig, Glamorgan (ChaL Suppl,, 16 Jan.),

Kkonkel, Patron of Trcg)-nnfl.n, Montgomery (Chal. Suppl, 9 Nov.).

Lawdoc, Patron of four churches in diocese of Sl David's (Chal.

Suppl, 16 Jan.). yitfe Menology (31 Jan.). LAfDATvs, the same as Lcwddad ab Alan, below. Llecmiu (6lh cent.), of an Armorican family, Patroness of Llanc-

chid, Carnanon (R. 332, 223 ; Ch.il. Suppl., 2 Dec.). LcwDDAD, ot Lewduad AB AiJVN (or Laudatvs), grandson of

Emyr Llydaw, the Annorican, Abbot of Bardscy, and called

Bishops joint-Patron with Sc. Cadlan of Bardscy (R. 331, 221 ;

Chal., 14 Jan.). LiBio. Patron of church in Anglesey (Chal. Suppl. st Pcb.), in

Mcnolo^ (sS Feb.).

APPENDIX I.

633

IxONio Lawhor (6th «nt.). broiher of I^wdddd ab Alan, of the

Coltegc of Padam, at Lbnbadam Fawr, Patnm of Llandinain,

MoDtgonKT}- {"R. 346, III ; C.B. 597 ; ChiiL Suppl, App.). Llwchaiakn, brother of Aelhatim, I'atron of Llanghainm, Cirnar-

von, ftod IJanuchaiam, Monlgotncry <R, J17, 318, 346, 275 ;

C.B. 395 ; CM. SuppL, 13 Jan.), Llwxi, Patron of IJanllwni, Ormnnhen (R. 339, 301 ; ChaL SuppL,

App.). LLWii*Dt\ir, PfltTon of Henegtw>-s, Ai^lesei ^R. 3*3, 308; ChaL

SuppL, 19 Nov.). Llvr, n Virgin. 1.LVH Moixt, of the line of CocL faitwr of Caradog Frakhfrai.

lianyr, Radnor, and IJlaw>T, Cardigan, ore dedicated to this

Saint, or to I.I}-r, Virgin ^R. 169, 308). I,l.vTHAO, or Thaw, Patron of two churchtt, diocese of Llandaff

(ChaL SuppL, ■ Sep.). I.Lvwi>, cr LvHiL (7th cent.), companion of St. Tcilo, Patron of

LiyweL Brecon, and IJanlyw-eM, Monmouth (R. 326, 344, 353 ;

LL. 119). I.UNapeius, or DiMAUO, mentioned in life of St. Tcilo, Patron of

Llanjunafaai, supposed to be Uandinabo in Mereford&htre (LL.

108, 263).

Maboh (6t}) cenL), l>rother of St. Teilo, Patron of Ll^fabon ; also called Mabon Wyn and Mabon Hen (R. 336, 351),

Mabon (6ih cent.), son of Bleiddyd, Patron of Rhiwfabon, Denbigh, (R. 334. »6i).

Machus or Machuta (6th cent), daughter of St. Gundlcus, Pntron of Llanfachn, Sfonmouth, vrhcic she is said to have been mar- tyred (R- 343. *33; C.B. 361).

Machraitk, Patron of Llanfachratith, Anglesea, and LUnfachraith, Merioneth (R. 334, 341, 3S0 ; ChaL Suppl., i Jan.).

Maosun, or Madrvn (5th cent.), daughter of Gurthefyr (Vottimer) and wife of Ywyr Gwent, Pntron of FraiTsfynedd, Merioneth <R. 34J, 164; CB. 596; ChaL SuppL (Confessor), 9 June),

Madoc (6th cent.), son of Gildas, of the family of Can-, of the College of Ccnnyd, Pntron of Llannnadog. Glamorgan (R. 337, 337). There are other dedications to Madog, but it is unceriain to whom they refer.

fi34

MENOLOGY.

Mael (6th cent), an Arinorican, coiupanion of Cadfaa, Patron, with Sulien, of Corwen, Merioneth, and Cwm, Flint (R, 334, 341, SJO; C.B. 595).

Maki-Oc, I'nlton of Llavaeloc, Anylesca (Clial- Supjil, 31 Dec).

M-iKixto. or Meilec (6tli cent.), brother of Cildis, Fatron of two parishes called IJandcfaclog, Biccon, and another in Camumbcn (R. 3a6, 330) ; also of Llanfiiclog, Anglcsea (R. 313 ; Chal., 30 Jan.).

Maelrvs, or Mafxerw {6ih cent), grandson of Emyr Llydaw, at liarclsey, Fxlron of LUnfadrjs, Carnarvon (R. 331, *ai : CB. 594; Oial. Sup|>!., i Jan.).

Maethlu, the same as Amacthlu (Chal. Suppl., 26 Pec).

Marcellus and MakckllinOs, Patrons of Mandcusant, Anglesea (Chal. Suppl.. 9 Nov.).

Marcmklu, or Makceliji (dih cent.), sister of Tyfrydog, son of Arwystli f'.IofT, Patroness of Ystiarf Marchcll (afterwards the Cis- tercian Abbey of Strata .Marcclla), Montgomery, and of a chapcJ in I.lanrwst, Denbigh (R. 334, 3j6; CB. «oi j Chal. Suppl., 5 Sep-).

MiiCHEi.1, Patron of Lianfiechell, Anglesey (R. 314, 30^1 C.B. 596; Chal Suppl., App.).

M u>wc.

Meiug, sanic as Maelog.

MF.ruG AG KwvriDNo (Cha). S(ip|>]. (.-it l.lowes in Brecoa), 14 NofJ

Mkirion (6i[i cent.), brother of Einion Krcnhin, Patron of

finin and Llangadvreladr, Anglesey (R. 334, att ; ChaL Supp)., 3 Keb.).

Mki^anoeix— in Menology (31 Jan.).

Ublan, church in diocese of TJandafl* (Chal. Suppt., to Oct.).

Merin (6ih cert.), brother of Gwynodl ; also of the College of Ban- gor, Paironof Bodfcriw, Carnarvon, and of IJanfcrin, Monmouth {R- 33"' 343. '3^; C.B. S9S ; Chal Suppl.. 6 Jan.).

Meucaw, at Rulhin (Chal. Suppl, 27 Sep.); in Mcnolc^ (a6Sep.).

MiuAN — in Mcnoli^- (jo Sep.).

MiLERs, Pation of Llys-y-ftan, Pembroke (Chat. Suppl, ■ Oct.).

Mir (5th cent.), son of Ceneu, of line of Coel, Patron of Llannor, Camar%-on ; Uanynp, Denbigh 3 and I.lanfor, Merioneth (R.

353. 334. 34'. «':)■ MORDEvits, Patron of Nantglyn, Denbigh, and of Mordcj'm Cbapd, in the same parish (K. 334, 308}.

APPENDIX r.

«35

MOBiiAiitir, Pturon of Trevilchnai, Angiesea (R. jaj, 308 ; Chal.

Suppl.. I Nov.). Mu'Roc, ratron of IJanTnTog, Angksea, and of Llanrwrog, Denbigh

(R. 3*4. 334. "08; Chal. Suppl. (Maurice), 16 Jan.); in Meno-

logy (35 Sep.). Mvuj», Hatron of LlanfyUnt, Montf^nci)- (R. 346, 308; ChaL

Suppl. (or Mellan), 17 June),

NKmruD (6lh cent), daughtet of Biychan, wife of Tudwal, niochcr of Cymin, Paironcs* of I Janrfjdd, Denbigh (R. 334, 148).

OiOAiK, Palron of church in diocoe of St. Asaph (Chal. Suppt., App.).

Fabioli, or Paluai (5lh or 61I1 cenL), of the family of Brychan, Palron of a chapel calUd Pantypallai. It i* said that the Irish call hira Pianno or Ptapponus (R. 143 ; CP- 606 ; LL. 418,

S7«. 584)-

Pabo post Bkvdair (5th cent.), of the line of CoeU a North British chieftain, deprived of his tcrritcriet, retired to Wales and em- braced ft religiotis life-, Palron of Llanbabo, Angteiea (R. 334, tfi; ; Chal. Suppl,, 9 Nov.).

Padrio, son of Alfred (yth cent.), of ihe Monasierj- of 5i. Cybi, neat Holyhead. Patron of Uanbadtig. Angleaea (R. 323, 498; C.B.

Paul H&n, or Pauunus (5th or 6th cent.), a North Britain, mem- ber of Monastery of St. Iltutus, founded Monastery at ttliitland, Carmarthen, vhither St. David, Sl Tcilo, and others, icsoncd for initruction from liim. He is s.iid to have been at the Synod of Brefi, A.a 519, Patron of I.langor, Biecon, and of Capel Paulin, in U&ndewi Bred, Canuanhen (R. 536, 334, 18; 1 I.I.. |>, 94; C.B. 405, 41 1 ; Riccniarth's Life of St. David, An- gL S-ncr. ; Chal., 3 1 Dec).

Peirio (<ith cent.), of the family of Caw, Patron of Rhoopeino, Angiesea (R. 314, 330; Chal., 2 Jan.; compare I.L. 14, Life of St. Snmson).

pKkis, called ihc Cardinal, Patron of LlanbcrJa (ChaL Suppl., 11 Dec.); in Mcnologj-, (11 Dec).

Pkqlan (6th cent), son of I'aul ticn, Patron of Llanbculan, An- giesea (R. 3*8, 937 ; Chal. Suppl., 1 Nov.).

Pl«ucius, Patnjn of Llanbcblig, Carnarvon (Chal. Suppl, 4 July).

636

MEMOLOGY.

Rhediw, Patron of Uanllyfiw, Carnarvon (R. 332. 309).

Rmeanl-s, or RiAN, I'atron of Llanshian, Pembroke (Chal. Snppl., 8 March) ; m Mcnology. (8 March).

RiiiijiAN, of Ihc College of Cenwj-dd, Pairon of Llinrhidian, Gla- morgan (R. 337, 309).

Rhuddlad, Patron of Llanrhuddlnd, Anglesea (Chal. Suppl,,4Sept.)j in Mcnology (4 Sept.).

Rhwvdrys, said to be son of tlie King of Connaught, Patron of Llanthwydrj'S, .\nglesen (R. 314, 309 ; Chal. Suppl., i Nov.).

Rhvciiwvn (6th cent,), son of Helig Foci, Patron of Llonrhychwjm, Carn.irvon (R. 333, 223 ; W. 441) ; Chal Suppl. (Rochwyn)t 9 June).

RMYSTt;D, or Restitctus {6th tent), of .\Tmorica, dc9«mdod from Emyr Lydaw, and brother Dcrfel Gadain and Cristiolus, Patron of Llanrhjsiud, Cardigan (R, 328, 220; C-B. 598).

Saowkn, Satubmkus, or Sadyiwih (glh cwu), Bishop of St.

David's, Patron of Llansadymin, Carniarlhen (R. 330, 305) ; In

Menology, (29 Nov.). Samlkd, Attron of Llansamlcd, Glamorgan (R. 337, 309 ; Chal.

Suppl.. App.). Sawell, Patron of Church in Carmarthen (Chal. Suppl., App.); in

Mcnology (15 Jan.), "

S.VVAK, Patron of churches in Glamorgan and Anglesea (Choi. Suppl..

App.). .SsittiOL. {7th cent.), brother or nephew of Einion Frcnhin, Abbot of

Penmen, Angle«a, of which he was Patron (R. 335, aia ; ChaL,

2 Jan., SuppU 1 1 Feb.) (Cyriol or Sciiiol). Si;liak, Patron of churches in dioceses of St Asaph and Bangor

(Chal. Suppl., la July). SvwAU, Patron of a church in U'alcs (Chal. SuppL, App.).

Talhaiakn (6(h cent), an eminent Saint of the College of Cattwg, A bard and chaplain to Emyr Wledig, afterwards liermit at a place which bears his name, and has a church under his pation- age, IJanvair T.ilhaiarn, Denbigh (R. ^^^ ; W. 476).

Tangwrn (6th cent.), brother of Cawrdaf, P.itron of Uangred, An- glesea (R. 324, 270).

Takwc {6th cent.), an Armorican, Patron of Lbndanwg, Merioneth (K. 341, 33>). He appears to be the same as Tanancus, in some CaJendan (Chal. Suppl. (Tanoc), 4 Sep.).

APPENDIX I.

<537

Tbcwvh (6th cent.), son of Ithcl Had, an Armoncan, companion of Cad&n, Pairon of Uamlecwyn. Meriorteih (R. 341, 223; C.H. 594; Chal. Suppl., 14 Sep.).

Tecai <6th cent), Patron of [iandegai, Carnanxin (R. 333, 333 ; C.B. 591).

TUPAN (6lh cent.), Patron of LUndegfan, Anglesca (R. 324, ajS ;

C.B. 396)-

TcGUTDt) (5th cent.), loother of Afon Buall and of St. Tcilo, Pa- troness of Uandegfyth, Monmouth (R. 343, 166).

TocHO, Patron of I Jandogh, diocese of Lt3Lndafr(ChaI. Suppl., 1 May).

TBVll^oc, or Twrndc (6tli cent.), son of .\rwysili Gloff, Polron of Mandyno^. Pcnbigh (R. 333, ^76; C-B. 596, 601).

Teulvdoc, Of TAtruiwuc (6lh cent.), corapamon of St. Teilo, Saint of a church odted Llondeulydog or IJan Taulidauc, Pembroke (U.. 108, 1 1 J, 144)-

TliaosORtCK, or Trwdric All Tkitiif.«i.l [5th ccnL), I'lincc n{ Gla- morgan, retired in old age to lead a religious life at Tintern ; tUin in battle by the Saxons, at a place called fioic him Menhyr Tevdrig, and now Mathein, Monmouth, of which he ia Pa-tion {R. 344, 1S3 ; LU 133 ; W. 2. 3 Jan. ; Chal. Suppl., App.).

Triixo (jth cent), son of Ithel Hacl, an Aimorican, Patron of Llan- driUo Rho«, Denbrghj and Llnndrilto in Eydcrnion, Merioneth (R- 333t 54". '»3; C.B. 594; Forbe*'* Life of St. Ninian, Introd., Ixxxi. i; Chal, Suppl. {aiiat Trygan), 16 June); in Menology ( 1 5 June),

Triuio (6th cent.), descendant of Emyr Llydaw, an Armorican. with Cadi^ at Banhey, Fatron of Llandrinio, MontgotneryshiTC (R. 34*. »'9; C.B. 594).

TUDKO (Gth cent.), son of Scythewj-n, Patron of Llandudno, Carnar- von (R. 333, 230 ; C.B. 595 ; Chal. Suppl., 5 June).

TimUB (6th cent), son of Anwj-stli Gloff, Patron of Uaiowain, Mont- gotnen', and perhaps of Mynyddyslw}in, Monmouth. Perhaps the same as Tydio (R. 344, 346, 376; C.B. 596, 601).

TcDWAL (5th cent), said to have been a Bishop. .\n island off the coast of Camani'on called by his name, with ruins of a chapel andcr his dedication (R. 331, 348, 133).

TuDWEK, Patron of Llandudwen, Carnarvon (R. 333, 309; ChaL Suppl., II Oct.).

TuDWc (6lh cent), son of Tyfodwg, the Aimorican, uf the Monastery of Cenwydd. Patton of LUndudwg, or Tythegston, Glamorgan (R. 338. »S8)-

638

MENOLOGY.

TwROG (6th cent), of Armorican descent, Patron of Llandwrag, Carnarvon, and of Macntwrog, Merioneth (R. jaj, 333, 223; Chal. Suppl. (Tauricius), 17 June).

TvBiK (5th cent.), of the family of Brychan, Patroness of Llandybie, Ctman'on, where she was murdered by pagans (R. 330, 150; CB. 174; Chal. Sui>pl,, 30 Jan.).

T\'RCLU D, Patron of Penmacho, Cimarvon (Chal. Sup'pl., 30 May).

Ti-DECKo (lit}) cent.), son of Amwn Dim, and grandson of Emyr Llyd-iflf, an Armorican, settled with his sister Tegfredd in Merioneth, where he was persecuted by the Prince of North Wales, who at last yielded to his miracles, Patron of Llan- ymnawddwy, Malwyd, and Carthbeibio, Merioneth, and probably oiher places (R. 341, 345*334. aiS; C.U, 594). Rees, 358, remarks that Tydccho, son of Cildas, who appears in one Cata- logue of Saints, is probably a mistake for this Tydecho {Chat. Suppl,, 17 Dec,).

TVorvL (5th ceni.), of the family of Brychan, Patroness of MerthjT Tjdfil, Glamorgan, where she is said to have sulTered nwrtyrdom ; also of Llj-swcmi, in the same county (R. 337, 33S, 151; CB. J 74; Chal. SuppL, 17 Aug.).

l\Dio, the same as Tudwr.

T^'phakijoc, Patror of church in diocese of St, David's (Chal. Supj>l., 1 March).

TvPHEi {6ih cent.), brother of Si. Ishmael and St Oudoceus, and nvphcw of St. Tcilo, sntd to have been sl.iin as a child and honoured as a Martyr, buried at Penalyn (Pennalun), Pembroke, Patron of Ijinphei, Pembrokeshire, and perhaps other places (R- 348, 330, 253; LL. I S3; Clial., 17 March).

TvroDWG (<i:h cent), companion of Cadfan fiom Arrawrica, Patron of Llandyfodwy, and other pl.iccs in Glamorgan (R. 337,

I3g).

TvravDOa (fith cent), son of Anvyrtli GlofT, Patron of Llandyfrydog,

An^escy (R. 334, 976 ; CB, $^6, 601 ; Chal, Suppl., May). TvFWVDOC, or TvFRiEG (6th cent.), son of Dinjjad ab Nudd Hael,

Patron of Llandyfrieg, Cardig.nn (R. 337, J7S). T\-cwY (6lh cent), son of Dingad ab Nudd llael, Patron of Llan-

dywy, Cardigan (R., 328, 175). Tyxkio (fith cent), son of Seiihenyn, monk of Bangor, Patron of

Pullheli (R. 33a, 336),

APPENDIX I. 639

TvssuL (6th cent), brother of St Canintoc, of line of Cunedda, Patron of LUndyssul, Cardigan, and Llandyssul, Montgomery (R. 3a8, 346, 209; C.B. 592; Chal. SuppU 3 Nov.); in Menology {8 Nov.).

UrELWYN, or UmtwYNUS, disciple of St. Dubritius, and Bishop, Patron of St George's, in Llanufelwyn (R. 339; LL, 628).

Ulched, Patron of Llanulched, Anglesey (R. 323, 309).

UsT (6th cent.), companion of Cadfan, from Amiorica, Patron of Llanust, Pembroke, and with Hyfrig of Llanwrin, Mont- gomeiy (R. 348, 224)-

Vean, same as Buan.

VoDHYD, Patron of Llanvodhyd, Denbigh (Chal. Suppl., 27 Aug.).

VtLLTTC, at Llanerth, Cardigan (Chal. Suppl., 12 Nov.).

Watnard Weonard

> the same as Guainerth.

Ylched, Churches (Chal. Suppl., 6th Jan.).

YSTIFFAN (6th cent.), a bard, and disciple of St. Teilo, Patron of LlanstyfTan, Carmarthen, and Llanstyffan, Radnor (R, 330,

350. "SO-

B.

A list of other Welsh Saints, or eminent personages sometimes called Saints, but to whom no churches are knoivn to have been dedicated, and many of whotn, it is probable, have nei'er in fact been honoured as Saints.

Aelgyfarch (7th cent), son of Helig, embraced a religious life

(R- 3°^)- Aerdeyer (5th cent.), son of Gwnheyrn (Vortigern), obtained a

reputation of sanctity in Glamorgan, where it is said there was

a church dedicated to him (R. 186). AtAN (6th cent.), son of Emyr Llydaw, an Armorican, became a

Saint in the Collie of St Illtyd (R. 221). Ardan Benasgell (6th cent), sister of Abbot Dunawd (R. 207),

daughter of St Pabo, and mother of St Tyssilio (C.B. 595). Abianwen (5th cent.), of the family of Brychan (R. 146; C.B. 600,

274)-

640 MENOLOGY.

Arthen (5th cent), of the bmily of Brychan, said to have been buried in ibc Isle of Man, or in Anglesey {R. 141 ; CB.

Bach as CarwbdOi & cliioflain, said to have founded C^lws Fach,

Denbigh (R. 306). Beiiw\'S, or Gerw>'« (sih ccni.), of the family of Brychan, settled in

Cornwall (C-B. 27-1); perhap* the same as Genmdus Eminus.

At Mcrthyr Ocrin, Monmouth, there was a church of which St.

Gcrin was Patron. BODA (7lh cent.), son of Helig, embraced a religious life (R. 302). BoDUCAT and Martin, or Nailtrim, two Saints at Kidwelly, who,

when visited hy St. David, on his way back to Menevia. became

hb dUciples (R. 435 j C-B. 133, 406). Brachan-, fethex of Sl Winwnloc, accounted a Saint in Brittiny

(CB. 606). BRF.NDA, son of [Iclig, embraced the monastic Ufe (R, 303). BwDCUALON, a Saint whose memory is prcscn-ed in the Boole of

Llandalf, and wha^c residence was probably at Bullingham, in

Hereford&hiFe (LL. 410, 156).

Cadell {;th cent.), of the line of Cocl, a Saint to whom it is said &

church was formerly dedicated in Olanioi^an (R. 195). Caoprawo (4th cent), reported to have been a Sunt and a Bishop,

and conjectured by some to be identical with Adelphias, a

British Bishop present at the Council of Aries, a.u. 314 (R. 91,

100]. Cadcvfarch [4th cent.), said to be son of Cadfrawd, and a Saint

(R. loj). Cado, or Cataw (6th cent.}, son of Gcraint (sec below), a Saint

(R. 232). Cadrod (6tb cent.), of the line of Coel, a chieftain in Korth Britain,

said to have embraced a teligious life (R. 170). Camu-vii (6th cent), son of St. Gundleus, a Saint (R. 233). Carw^-d (6th cent.), brother of Dinort, and a member of Monastery

of Bangor, a Saint (R. 307). Cataw, the some as Cado, above. Cederic, the same as Ceindiydi, below. Ceidio, or CtiDAw (6th cent.), son of Vnyr Gweni, member of

Mofiasteiy of Llancat^w (R. 134 ; C-B. 506).

APPENDIX I. 641

Cbindrych, daughter 01 the &int1y of Biychaa, buried at Towyn, Merioneth (R. 150; C-B. 605), seems to be the same as Cedcrig.

Ceneus (4th cent), son of Coel, a Saint (R. 102).

Crnedlon, the same as Ceindrych, above.

Cloffan, mentioned as the Saint of Llangoffan, Pembroke (R. 30S).

Clydai, the same as Cymorth, below.

Clydho Eiddvn (6th cent.), of the line of Coel, chieftain in North Britain, said to have embraced the religious life (R. 270).

CoK (6th cent.), of the line of Coel, brought up, with his brothers Gwenddolaw and Nudd, in the College of St. lUtyd (R. loS). It does not appear why he is placed in the list of Saints.

CoRTH, the same as Cymorth, below.

Cowr, in the list of Saints (CB. 596).

CwYEN, in the list of Saints (CB. 598).

CvNGAR, the same as Rheingar, below.

CwYKRAW (R, 307).

Cyflefyr, or Cynlefvb, of the family of Brychan, said to have been martyred by the Saxons (R. 141 ; CB. 374).

Cyflewyr, son of St. Gundleus, a Saint {R. 133).

Cymorth (sth cent), of the family of Brychan, wife of St Bemach, said to have lived in Emlyn, Carmarthen ; perhaps the same as Clydai (R. 150; CB. 275).

CvNAN (6th cent.), of the race of Coel, a chieftain, said to have em- braced the religious life (R. 270).

Cyndochdwyn, in list of Saints (CB. 598).

Ctnfeltn Drwsgli (6th cent), of the line of Coel, a chieftain who embraced the religious life (8. 270).

Cyncbn (6th cent.), son of Cadell, Benefactor of Monastery of Ban- gor, reputed a Saint (R. 161, 207).

Cynheidion (6th cent), son of Unyr Gwent, a Saint (R, 234).

Cynlivyn, the same as Cyflefyr, above.

Cynkais (6th cent), of the fiunily of Caw, a Saint (CB. 598).

Cynog, or KiNETHUS (6th cent), second Bishop of Llanbadarn (R. 242), It is not clear that he is classed as a Saint

Cywkelyk (6th cent), of line of Cunedda, Dean in College of Llan- badarn Fawr (R. 261).

Cynwal, a Hermit or Abbot, whose monastery was granted to Church of Llandair in the time of St. Oudaceus (LX. 229, 136).

CyvEiu-iOG (6th cent), of the family of Caw, a Saint (CB. 598).

41

643

MENOLOGY.

Dedvm. ot Newbedd, of the family of Br>'chan, a Saini (CB. 374 ;

K. 146). Deifek, Dier, Of DtHEUFBR (fith cenL), ton of Aiw^stli Cloff,

founded Bodfari, Angle«y, a Saint (R. 177 ; C.B. 601). DtNOAD AD NvDD Hael (6th ccnt), of the line of Maisscn Ukdtg,

MAximus, a Saint (R. 169). DtRDAN (5tl) OT 6th cent.), a Saint <R. 163). DiKVNiG (6th cent.), of th« family of Caw (R. aag). DOLCAH (6th cent.), ion of Gildas, a Saint of College of Coltwg (R.

DotCAK (6th cent.), a daughter of Gildas (R, 358).

Dkaciian, the .tame as Itrydian.

DuKDAN (6th cent), from Armorica, companion of Cadlan, who settled at Bnrdsc}', and was considered one of the presiding Saints of that island (R. 334).

nuTFAEL, SOD of Prjddu flb Doloi, of Deira and Ilcmicia (R. 307).

DwYWR (6lh cent), wife of Dinoot, or Duaawd, founder of Monas- tery of BangoT (R. 207).

Edweh, of &tmily of Brjchan (CH. 600).

Egrom (6tb ceat.), of the family of Caw, said to have founded a

church in Cornwall (R. 330). Eiuntwv, son of Hclig (C-B. 600). EiTKKAS (6th centX an Artnorkan, companion of Cadfan {R. 994 ;

CB. 594, 598). Elfod, or Elbodius (8lU cent.), Bisliop of Bangor (R. 66, 305). Eldad (7th cent.), son of Anh. of the College of Illtyd (R. 298). Elenoc (R. 307), pvrhaps Etnog below. Elbri (5tb cent), of the family of Bij-chan, irife of Ccredtg ab Cu-

nedda, and paternal grandmother of St Uavid (R. 147; C-B.

2 74). Ei^Ki (6th cent.), daughter of Dingad ab Nudd Hael, lived at Pen- ttant, in the parish of Gwytherin, Denbigh (R. 275 ; CB.

594)- EtrJiK (6th cent), a Saint of the College of lUtyd (R. 336). Kot

known whether this is the ]*atTon of the ancient Church of

Warrington, lAncashirc. EtcUD (6th ecnt), a grandson of Caiadog Biaichfras, of the line of

Cunedda, a Saint (R. 180). Etu(CB. si3, note).

APPENDIX I. 643

Erbin (sth cent), son of Cystennyn Gomen (Constantine of Com-

wall) (R. 135). EURYN (7th cent.), son of Helig, embraced the monastic life {R.

30a). EwAS, or EWVAS, the same as Huail, below.

Ffili (6th cent.), of the femily of Caw, to whom, perhaps, Roscilly, Glamorgan, may have been dedicated, and perhaps Caerphilly (R. 376). Compare Filius, in the Cornish list

GARa (6th cent.), of family of Caw, a Saint (R 356).

Geraint (5th and 6th cents.), son of Erbin, of the line of Cysten- wyn Gomew, described as "a strenuous warrior from the Wood- land of Devon, and said to have fallen fighting at the head of his men" (R. 169. In an Exeter Litany of the nth cent, there is an invocation, " St Geronti ".

GuRGEN, the same as Gwenvrewi, below,

Gerwyn. See Berwyn, above.

Glywys Ckrniw (6th cent), son of St. Gundleus, whose name is perpetuated in Coed Ccmiw, Monmouth (R. 233).

GoLEWDDYDD, Or GoLEN (5th cent), of the family of Brychan, a Saint at Llane^n.

GoRWYN, a Saint whose name only occurs (W. 178).

GowER, in diocese of St. Asaph (Chal. Suppl., 1 1 July).

GintUART, a disciple of St. Dubritius, and afterwards companion of St Teilo, whose name appears to be borne by a place called Llangurmart, now Ltandeilor Fiin, Brecon (L.L. 108,

i4S-«»)- GvRHAEL (4th cent), son of Cadfrawd, said to have been a Saint

(R. loa). GwALCMEs, a disciple of St Cadoc, buried in the island of Echni

(C.B. 557). GwAWRDDVDD, or GwENDDVDp, of family of Brychan, a Saint at

TowynOmer(R. 149; C.B. 600). GwAROR (5th cent), of family of Brychan, a Saint (R. 147; C.B.

600, 274). GwEK (5th and 6th cents.), mother of St. Winwaloc, accounted a

Saint in Armorica (C.B. 606). GwBKAWFT (6th cent.), of lamily of Caw, a Saint (R. 230). GwBNASETH (5th cent), wife of Pabo post Brydain, a Saint (R. 166).

«44

MENOLOGY.

GwEHDDOLAW. See Cof, above.

GwEsi-EisBRON fjth and (ilh cents.), mother of Si. Cad&n, a Si'n

in one catalogue (R. 315). GwEHNW, of family of Biychan, a Saint (R. 600). GwKSVREWi, of family of Brychan. sometimes called a Saint (C.B.

600). She is called Cvrrgon in W, 55, 159, and in R. 147. GiTERYDD (4th cent.), aon of Cadfrawtl, said to have been a Saint

<R. t02). GwiuxK!, an ancient British Confessor (Chal. Su[^l., 7 Jan.). GwRDijaYK, the same as Owyddlon, below. GwRDDraN (Cth amt), of Gimily of Caw, a Saint said to have had »j

church aiCaerlen (R, 331}. GwRiN (7th ceni.), son o( Cynddileg, of the line o( Caw, said by soma

to have founded the Chutch of Uanwrin, Montgomery (W. soo; '

R. 346, 398)- GvKHERTM (6th cent), mother of Slewelyn, below, a Saint ( R. 379 ;

CB. 595). GwRTHEFTR, Same as Vortimcr (R. 134). GwRin (lath cent.), a friar, commemoraied on i Xm-. (R. 305). GwYAR (7th cent.), son of Helig, a S»int (R, 302). GwYDiMXw (6lh cent.}, son of St. Gundlcus, a Saint (R, 133). GwYDDLON, or GwKDi-Ovw, son of Cjijioys, a Saint, first teacher and

confessor in the College of Caitwg, then a stifTragan bishop in

diocese of IJandafT (W. 198 ; sec I-l- 635, 160, where he is not

called a Saint). GflfWAu (sih cent.), of the race of Brychan, occurs in a iisi of

Saints in Cambr. Regr^ iii., 319 ^R. 153). GwTMEN, perhaps the Patron of Llanwcn, Cardifc-an (R. 30S). GywYR, of CaeTGawch(5thccnt.), said to have given his lands to the

Church and cmbrnced a religious life. He was the £a.theTof St.

Gistlian, whose residence may have been the establahment

endowed by Gynyr (R. 163).

H.\wYsrL (5th cent.), of family of Brychan, a Saint, who lircd;

Caer Hawy«il, conjectured to be Avrst in Glouccstcishirc (R.^

132 ; CB. 600). Hrlic Foel (6th cent.), of die line of Cunedda, a chieftain,

who, afler his lands were overflowed by the sea, embraced a

religiotu life (R. igS). His sona become monks at Bangor

and Bardsey.

APPENDIX L 64s

HuAic (6th cent), of fiunily of Caw, first a watrior in the service of King Arthur, then m member of the Monastery of Cattwg. His memory is said to have been preserved at Ewas (Ewyas) in Hereford (R. 333).

Iddaw, son of GwTgu, a Saint (C.6. 599).

Iddbw (6th cent), son of Cawrdaf, son of Caradog Braichfas, of line

of Cunedda (R. 380). Iddon (6th cent), son of Ynyr Gwent, a chieftain and benefactor of

the See of Uandaf^ who afterward devoted himself to religion

(R. 233; C.B. 306; L.L. III, 114, 158)- Jestih (4th cent), son of Cadfrawd, a Saint (R. 103). Ifor (5th and 6th cents.), son of Tudwal and Nefydd, a daughter of

Brychan, a Saint (R. 148, 134).

KEmjsis, mentioned as a Saint (Chal., 38 Dec,). Kerdech, the same as Ceindrych.

Llawdkn, of Ynys Eddin in the North (R. 308 ; W. 374). Llecheh (5th cent.), of fiimily of Brychan, lived at Tregaian,

Anglesea, or, as others say, at Llanllechew Ewyas, Hereford

(R. 144). Llas ab Coel, the same as Leurc^ or Lucius. Lleian, or Lliana (5th and 6th cents.), of the family of Brychan (R.

147 ; C.B. 374). Lleminod Angles (6th cent.), grandson of Urien Rheged, of the

line of Coel, a Saint (R. 3S0). Llewelyn (6th cent.), son of Bleddyd, said to have founded a reli- gious house at Tiallwng (Welshpool), and to have ended his

days at Bardsey (R. 361 ; C.B. 595, 601). Llewtn, the same as Llwywan below.

Llidkorth (6th cent.), son of Nudd Hael, a Saint (R. 3691). Lltnab (6th cent.), son of Alan from Arraorica, came over with

Cadfan, member of St. Illtyd's ; afterwards retired to Bardsey

(R. 331 ; C.B. 594). Lltwan (6th cent.), an Armorican, companion of Cadfan (R. 334 ;

C.B. 594).

Madog (5th cent.), son of Owen, son of Marsen Wlidig, a Saint It To^jf be in his honour that some of the churches of St. Madog ^e dedicated (R. 133).

I

/

/

64S

MENOLOGV.

Maooc Mound* (5ih or 6th cent.), of (be lino of Coel, of the

Monastery of llltyd (R. 169). MAWA^ (6lh cenL), son of Cyngcn, a Saint (R. 207). Meciieli. {5th ctnt.), of (amily of Brychan (R. 147). MEcHTrDD(8th cent.), grandson of Llywarch Hen, of ihelineofCoel,

a Saint (R. 280). Medxod, brother of Iddew {4ih ouM.) (R. 380). Meiotr (sih cent.), of the line of Cunedda, included in the Silurian ' ' Catalogue of Saints (R. 166}. Mkilvr (slh cent.), brother of Kcigyr; also in SLlurian Catalogue

(R. 166). Meilyk (6th cent.), son of Gwyddno, brother of Maclrys, a settler

with Cndfon {R. i6i). The Church of Uys y Fran, Pembroke

is dedicated of St. Meilyr, but wheiher lo this or the preceding

Saint is unccruin. y/iie Miler in App. A. MoNENNius and Nennio, said to be of St David's, in the Vale of

Ross. These are probably only forms of the name of St.

Mioian of Whiihem. Sec St. Tigcrnakc in Mcnology (4 April). MOKCAN, mentioned as a Saint (C)ial., iS Dec). MOR (5th cenU), son of Morien (W. 337). MoK (6th coil), son of Tosgcn, grandson of Vrien Rheged, of the

line of Cocl, a Saint, buried in the Isle of Bardscy (R. aSo). MOKKAiLL (R. 308). MtcsACH (6th cent.), Abbot of St. Cybi's Monastery at Holyh*

There i» a poem of his in Myr. Arch. (R. 280).

Nailthim. See Bodieat, .ibove.

Neffai (sth cent.), of family of Brychan, said to have been a Saint

in Spain (R. 143, quoting tloneddys). Neftdd (slh cent.), of family of Brychan, brother of Andras.

is said to have put to flight the Saxons who liad jlain bis (atl;

at Mertliyr Tydvil, and afierwards lo have been a bishop to

North Britain, where he was Icitled by the Picts and Scots (R.

146) Forbes' Calendar of Saints, p. 420, nhcre he is called

Ncvcth). Nbftdd (6ih cent.), a descendant of Brychan, a Saint (R. J38). NsriN (5th cent.), of family of Brychan. wife of Cyniarch Ocr, per-

haps the foundress or Patroness of Nefyn, Carnarvon (R.

147). Mehnio. See Monennius, above.

APPENDIX I. 647

Nbwbxdd, the sune u Dedyn, above.

NisiXH. The village of St Nisien ismenti<»ied in tath century docu- ments of the Church of LJandaff (L.L. 86, 31).

NiuuEM. The Vill of Sl Niwen also mentioned in the Book of Uandaff (UL. 86, 31, 43).

NoBTHBN, the same as Nwythen, below.

NUDD. See Cof, above.

Nwythen, or Nobthkn (6th cent), son of Gildas ab Caw, of the Society of Cattwg. It is said that chapels dedicated to him once existed in the parish of Llangwm Dinmael, Denbigh <R. 3S7; CB.601).

OvvHAEL, a Saint, his parentage being in Deira and Bernicia (C.B.

596). OwAiN (5tb cent), son of Macsen Wledig, or Maximus, and sovereign of the Britons, has been considered a Saint (R. 108).

Fasgen (sth cent), of family of Brychan, said to have been a Saint

in Spain (R. 143 ; C.B. 274). Peditha (5th cent.), of family of Biychan, sister of St Clydog (R.

146). Pbdk and Pedrwn (6th cent.), brothers of Tyssul, Saints (R.

211). Peillan (6th cent,) daughter of Caw, sister of Peithien, a Saint

(R. 230). Peithien, or Peteona, daughter of Caw and sister of Peillan. She

settled with her brothers Egrad and Gallgo (Allacus) in Anglesey

(R. 330; Chal., 30 Jan.).

Rhain Dremrudd (5th cent.), of fimiily of Brychan, a warrior, said to have succeeded to part of his father's possessions. A Cata- logue of Saints in Myr. Arch, connects him with Lincolnshire (R. 141-a; C.B. 374).

Rhawin (5th cent.), of family of Brychan. He is said by some to have been slain by the Saxons near Merthyr Tydvil, and by others to have settled in the Isle of Man, where a church was dedicated to him (R. 145).

Rheinoar, or Cyngar, (sth cent), of liiunily of Brychan, mother of Cynidr, said to have been a Saint at Llech, in Maeliewydd, Radnor (R. 148; C.B., 274).

648 MENOLOGY.

Rhun (5th cent.), of family of Brychan, a Saint near Llanxorse Pool, Brecon {vide Andras and Nelydd). Another account says he fell with Rhawin, fighting against the Saxons (R. 145).

Rhvdegawg, found in a Catalogue of Saints (C.B. 590).

Saeran (6th cent.), a Saint buried at Llanynys, in Dyffryn Owyd,

Denbigh (C.B. 599), said to be a son of Geraint Saer, or

the Artisan, of Ireland (R. 371). Sanah, or Sannan, to whom it is said churches were dedicated

(Chal. Suppl, 13 June). Sandde (5th cent.), grandson of Cunedda and father of St David,

included in the Silurian Catalogue of Saints (R. 166 ; CB. 403,

117 — "meritis et nomine Sanctus"). Selvf (6th cent), or Solomon, Duke of Cornwall, son of Geraint, a

Saint in the College of Gannon (R. 232). Senefvr, or Senewyr, called also Tudslyd (6th cent), son of

Seithewj-n, member of the Monastery of Bangor (R. 236 ; C-B.

595)- SiLWEN, daughter of Geraint ab Erbin, a Saint (C.B. 592). Sliaw, a Saint (C.B. 599). Solomon, the same as Selyf, above. SuLBUi. A church of St Sulbui is mentioned in the 12th centuiy

documents of Llandalf (L.L. 31, 42). It has been conjectured

that it may be Llansillows, in Herefordshire. Synin, a Saint Capell Llangain, Carmarthen (Chal Suppl., 7 Jan.).

Tanglwst, or TuDGLTD, or GwTFiL, of &mily of Brychan, wife of

Cyngen (R. r47 ; CB. 5oo, Tydwall). Tangwn (6th cent.), of the line of Coel, founder of a church in

Somerset, now called Tangynton (R. 208). Tauricius. See Tewrog. Tegfedd {6th cent), sister of Tydecho, whom she accompanied to

Wales (R. 218). Tegovg (6th cent), a Saint, daughter of Ynyr Gwent (R. 234). Tegonwg (6th cent), said to be of the College of Illtyd (R. 238). TeulydoG, or TouLiDANE (6th cent).

Tewdwr Brycheinioc (6th cent), of family of Brychan (R. a? i). Tewrog, or Tauricius, Confessor, disciple of St. Beuno (ChaL

Suppl., 36 June).

APPENDIX I. 649

TamNOC, or Twrhog (6th cent.), brother o( Tjrasul, a Saint (R.

211). TuDGLTD. See Senefyr, above. Ttdis, or TiDEW (5th cent), of fiuoily of Brychan, said to have

lived at C^mon Chapel, Glamorgan (R. 149). Tydio, or Teidur, or Tydder, said to be Patron of churchei in

diocese of LtandaiT (Chal. SuppL, 7 Ocl). Ttdiac^ son of Coran, son of Ceredig, a Saint (C.B, 375. A place

called Llantydiac occurs in L.L. 263). Tybwem, of family of Brychan, a Saint {C.B. 600). Ttsoi, a disciple of St Dubritius, whose memory is preserved at

Llansoy, Monmouth (I.L. 178, 437).

Valacikiam, Confessor in North Wales— perhaps not Welsh (Chal. Suppl., I May).

UuBXAFEL (6th cent.), brother of Amwn Dhu, an Armorican, who, in his old age, with the sanction of his nephew, St Samson, became a monk and priest, and was made abbot of a monastery in Ireland (R. 319; L.L. 8, 16, 18).

UsiEN Rheged (6th cent.), son of Cyn&rch Oer. It is not dear that he was counted among the Saints (R. 202).

UsDiG (6th cent), son of Caw, a Saint (C.B. 599).

UsTEG (7th cent), of the line of Cadell Deyrnllug, Prince of Powia, said to have been Dean of the College of Garmon (R. 297).

Wnda, or WiNDA, honoured at Llanwnda, Pembroke (ChaL Suppl.,

6 Nov.). WoGAN, said to be a Martyr at Merthyrdivan.

Yntr Gwekt (5th cent), a chieftain of Monmouth, husband of Madrum, founded St. Tathai's Monastery of Caerwent (Chep- stow), and considered a Saint (R. 164 ; C.B. 305, 258).

YscTK AB Erbin (5th cent.), brother of Geraint, a Saint Perhaps Uanesgin, Monmouth, preserves his name (R. 170).

6S0

MENOLOGY.

A Lia ef Cernisk Saints to whom ehunkes have Ikch dettiaited, or who have ghtn their nainej /o ^aets, but who kaVi Ufi no tt^nent rteoni 6/ their lixres.

AcJitBRAN, Patron of % Monaatery of Canons in the time of St. Edward (Domesday) — identified by some with Keveran or Keverne {O.. p. 71 ; LcUnd, Itin,, iii., p. 14).

ADVEhr, or Adwkn. " St. Advent with Lanieglas " (the latter dedi- cated to St- Julitha). St, Advent is said to be brother of Ncctan; but \\\ the In^uisiHo Nonarum the name is Sta. Athe- wcnna (O., p. 437)-

Adwen, tlie Mmc as Advent.

Allan, Allen, or ALOKire, also Ei.wikub, Patron of a church and chantiy {O., p. 437 ; Leland, Itin.. iii., p. 5).

Ambrurea, Patron of a c^pel in churchyard of Lantoclc (O-j p.

438)- Antoninus, often called Antony thb Marttr, Patron of St Antony in Meneagc, Monacon, snd Menhemit (O., p. 437,

440- Arvan, same as Mamanus, below. Atiiewbnka. Sec .\dvcnt. Austell, or Austolub, Patron of Si. Austell's (O., p. 437; LeLind,

Idn., ill.).

Bakka, not identified.

Barricuh, the same as Finbar of Cork, below.

Bkriona, or BuRiAN. Sec Mcnology (May).

Brkaca, or Brkao^ Patron of church (O., p. 437); Leland (Itin.,

iii., [X ■$) quotes the Life of St. Breaca, that she came from

Ireland wtlh Sinninus and m&ny Saints. BttEOCK, the same as Briocus, below. Briix;et, or Bri<;id (of Ireland), Patroness of chapel in Madron,

licensed Sth Oct., 1437 (O., p. +41). BriOCUS, Patron of St. Brcock and U^nt (O., pp. 437')

440). Brswakd, or Br(;aki>us, Patron of church so called, otherwise

Simonvard (C, p^ 437).

APPENDIX I. as I

BUDOCC, or BuDOCUS, Patron of a church. Leland (Itin., iii^ pi as) says " he was an Irishnuui, and came into Cornwall and there dwelled". Perhaps the same Saint in the Welsh list, but not the St. Budoc honoured in Brittany. (O., p. 437, and Add. Suppl., p. 37. In an Exeter Maityrology, 8th Dec Str. B., Abb. ConC).

BuiUAKA. See Burian.

Carantocus, Patron of Crantock, a Collegiate Church ; feast i6th May, Mart. Exon. (O., p. 438} Add. Suppl., p. 7).

Cariocus, Cyrus, Ciricius. This is not a Cornish Saint, but St. Quiricus, Martyr, at Tarsus, together with his mother Julitta. Iceland (Itin., iiL, p. 37) notes a cell tn Cornwall dedicated to them, belonging to Montague Priory (O., Add, p. ?)■

Clarus, Patron of St Cleer, supposed to be the English Martyr in Normandy (O., p. 437; Add, p. 37).

Clbthes, or Clederus, patron of the church so called, said to be brother of St. Nectan (O., p. 437).

Clexr, the same as Clarus.

CoLAN, CoLANUS, or CoELAHUS, patron of a church so called (O.,

P- 437)- COLUUBA, patroness of St Columba, Major and Minor, a Virgin

Martyr. Camden (Brit., p. 22) refers to her life, translated from

the Cornish (O., p. 437). COKAHDUS, Patron of Roach (O, p. 442). CottSTANTiNE, Patron of a parish so-called, and of a chapel at

Marazion (O., pp. 437, 439). See Constantine in Menology. CORENTiNUS, or CURV, Patron of parish. In Exeter Mart :

" Festum Sti. Corentini Ep. et Conf., i Maii (O., p. 438 ; Add.

Suppl, p. 37). Crantock, the same as Carantocus. Crewena, Patron of Crowan (O., p. 438). Crida, or Creed, Patron of a church (O., p. 438). CuRY, the same as Corentinus. Cybius, or CUBY, the same as Keby in Welsh list, Patron of church

in Cornwall (O., pp. 438, 443)- Cyheoka, Mart, (in C.R and L.L.).

David de Treclast, Patron of Davidstowe (O., p. 438). Days. A place in Cornwall is called St Daye (ChaL, 15 Jaa).

652

MENOLOGY.

Decuman, Patron of chapel in ^Vcndron (Oi p- 443)- See

Mcrtology. Dck;mael, PfltTon of cliapcl at Liskeard (0., p. 440). See Welsh List DOMiMCA, Patroness of a church (O., p. 438). A St. Dommica,

sister of Indraclus, at Glastonbury. See Mendogy.

Electa, Patroness of chapel in parish of Su Endelion (O., p. 17,

note). JV.£.—Onc of the companions of Si. Ursula, said to

have come from Cornw^tl, has been named Electa. Elid, Eltdius, Patroa of Elid, one of the Sciilj- isles, where he is

buried (0-, A<Id. Suppl, jk 13, quotaiioD from William of

Worcester). Ella, the same as Tethe, below. Elwin, the same as Allan. Endelienta, or Endelion, Patron of St Endelion {0., pi 348;"

Tanner, p. 74). Enoder, or Enodorus, Patron of St. Enoder (O., p. 43S, who says

— Add,, p. 37 — that he was an Irish Saint, who died in Corn- wall laie in the fifth century). Emodock, There is a place called 5t Enodock. Ekiun, or Ervan, the same as Enne, below. Exc(;s, or Ekth, Patron of St. Enh (O., p. 438, who suggests that

it may be the Bishop of Slane, in Ireland, of this name, a.d.

513, or a corrujiiion of Enurchus, Bishop of Orleans). Erminvs, or EwiNVs, Patron of several parislies (O., i>. 442^ Erme, or Hkkmes, Patroo of St Erme and of St. Ervan (O., p. 43S). EsKBV, Patron of chapel in Landrake (O., p. 43S ; Chal. SuppL,

App.). Erthic, same as Ercus. Ervan. See Erme. Esse, or Essr (Chal. Suppl., App. Leland mentions the village of

St Esse, near Tin lagcl). Perhaps »amc as Si. Filius or Iisey,

below. IvvAL (Chal. Suppl., App.). Euluoamus, same as Vlloganus, below.

Ew£, or Ewa, Patron of a parish (0., p. 438 ; Chal. Soppl, App.). Ew\", or EwiNus, Patron of Leiant Uwy and Redruth (O-, pp. 440,

443; Chal. Sup|>l., App.).

Eeoca, Patron of St Fcoclt (O., p. 438).

FiLitJS, or IssBV, Patron of Ftlliy and of St Issey (O., p. 439).

APPENDIX I. 653

FiLAKE, same as Felkitas, Virgin, Patron of a parish (O., p. 439). FiNBAR, origiiutUy Patrcm of Fowey, now St. Nicholas (O., p. 439).

Gehssivs, or Gennis, Patron of St Gennis (O., p. 439).

Gerinous, Gbrkands, or Geron, Patron of St Genands (O., p. 439).

German, probably St German of Auxerre, Patron of several churches in Cornwall (O-, p. 449. &c.).

Gerhoc, Geruocus, Patron of a church (O., p. 439).

Glewias, or Glewiacus, Martyr, Patron of a church (O., p. 439).

GoEHANDUS, the same as Conandus.

Goran, or GoRomre, Hermit, Patron of several churches, contempo- rary with St Petroc (O., p. 439 ; Leland, Collect., i., p. 75).

Gothiahus, same as Guithian, below.

Grade, or Gradus, patron of a church (O., p. 439)>

GuDWAL, or GuLWAL, Patfon of a church. The feast was on the 6th June (O., p. 439)-

GuERiR, a hermit, in whose celt St Neot afterwards lived. It was dedi- cated to both Saints (Tanner, p. 69 ; W. i and 2 ; Chal., 4 April).

GuiviAN. Leland (Itin., iii^ p. 18) mentions St Guivian's parish, at the mouth of the Hayle or Alun.

Guinedocus, Patron of a chapel existing in 1434 (O., p. 441).

Gwennap, same as Wenappa, below.

GwiNEAR, same as Winnierus, below.

Helen, Patroness of Church of Helland (O., p. 439). This seems to be Helena, Virgin, companion of St. Briaca (Leland, Itin., iil, p. 15).

Hkrmes, same as Erme.

HiA, the same as Ives.

HiCA, perhaps Ives.

Hya, same as Ives.

Iarhen, the same as German.

Ida, Patron of Egloskerry, with St Lydy (O., p. 438).

Ildierna, Patron of Lanselloes (0-, p. 440).

Illogan, same as Yelloganus, below.

Ilduictus, in St. Dominick (Dominica), parish at Alten, a chapel dedicated to St Ilduictus (O., p. 438, who conjectures that Iltutus is meant. May it not be Indractus, the brother of Dominica, both of whom were venerated as Martyrs at Glaston- bury?)

«54

MEN(

IssEY, iHe same u Filing.

Ives, or Hia, an Irish Virgin, who died at Hayle in ihe siirth century

(O., pi 439; Add. Suppl., 37; Lanigan's Hist., i., p. 397).

Feast 3rd February, according lo Oliver. luuTTA, mother of St. Quiricus, or Cyricus, PatroD of several

churches ; not a Cornish Saint.

Just, Patron of several churches (O., 440 ; Chal, 13 Januaiy).

KE;t. not identified ; perhajis Kew.

Kkvbiian, PalroQ of St. Kcvcrnv ; may be the same as Achelnin, or

perhaps Piran (O., p. 440, 44a). Kew, or Kywa, ratroness of Sl Kew, or lanon. In Exeier Man.

Fen£t 8th Kcbruary ; St. Kyul, Virgin (0., p- 440 j Add. Suppl.,

P- i7>- Ketna, Patroness of St. Kcyne (O-, p. 440). KxwA, the same as Kew.

Ladoga, Patroness of I.adock (O, p. 440).

Laudus, or Lo, Bishop of Coutances, Patnm of chapel in Milot (O.,

p. 441). This Saint was not a Briton. Levan, same as IJvinus. Ude, a Saint buried in one of the Scilly Isles, called by her name

(Iceland, Itin., iii., p. 19). LwiHCS, or Levan, Patron of St. Lcvan (0, p. 440). Lo, same as Laudus. LvDovAN, or LvDOWAHvs, Patron of Ludgvao, or Ludaa (O., p^

44.).

Ltdt, Patron of Egleskerry, together with St. Ida (O., p. 43*).

J^Iadena, Patron of St. Mabyn's (O., p. 441).

Madernl's, Patron of Madron (O., p. 441 ; ChaL, 1 7 May),

Madwun, same as Madcmus.

Manaccus, Patron of two churches (O., p. 440}.

Marcelliaka, or Matkriaka, Patroness of Tintagel (O., p.443);

perhaps (he same as Marchell in the Welsh List. Marchai, the Mine as Mathcriana, below. Makuakus. Lcland (Itia, iii., p. ij) has Maruanus Meoocbus, a

companion of St. Breaca, suppo&ed to be the same as An'an

(Chal., 3oOct.). Matueruna, Patroness of Minster, where she was buried (O., p. 441).

APPENDIX I. 65s

Mauditus, or Uawi, Psuron of chapel st St Just. Leland (Itin. uii) sayi be was a Bbbop, and is painted as a schootmaster ; that his chapel, stone cbair, and well were preserved (O., p>

440)- Maucahus, Patron of St Maugons (O., p. 441). In the Exeter

Litanies of the eleventh century there is the invocation "Sancte

Maucanne". MAWMAHtJS, Patron of Sl Mawnus (O^ p. 441). Melan, Patron of Sl Mellian and St Mullion (O., p. 441, who sup- poses him to be the same as St. Me^ of Brittany, which seems

very doubtful). Melorus, Patron of Mtlor (O., p. 44i). Melliam, the same as Melanus. McNEiitEDA, Patroness of St. Miniver, sister of St. Tethe. The

parish festival in 1434 was on the 24th July (O., p. 441). Mekiadocus, Patron of Camboume ; in later registers sometimes

called St Martin (O., p. 437). Merih, Merktn, or Marina, Patroness of St Merin (O., Add.

Suppl, p. 37). Merthiana, the same as Matheriana. Meubriadus, Patron of Cardinham, called Martyr in Bothe's register

{O., p. 437)- Mewa, Patroness, tc^ether with St Ida, of Mewagissey (O., p. 441). Mew ANUS, Patron of St. Mewan.(0., p. 441). MttOR, the same as Melorus. MiNVER, the same as Menefreda. MoRWBMNA, Patroness of Marhamchurch and Morwenstowe (O., p.

44>)- MoRWETHA, Patroness of chapel in parish of Madron (O., p. 441). MoscEA, not identified.

Nansfontetne, Patron of a church so called.

Nectan, see Menology.

Neoubna, the same as Nynntna, below.

Neot, Patron of Poundstock, and with St. Guier of St. Neots. See

Menol<^. Newlina, Patron of Newlyn (O., p. 441).

NiCHTON, Patron of chapel at St Winnow'a ; perhaps St. NecUn. Nonna, Patroness of Alternon (O., p. 437). Sec Menolc^. Ntnniha, or Neomena, Patroness of chapel in Pelynt (O., p. 443).

5S<

MENOLOGY.

PA-reRMUS, Patron of South Pctherwin (O.. p. 44J),

pA.TKRtivs, Madernps, Kometiiiies so called.

Pauumus, Patron of St. Paul (O., p. 443). In Add. Suppl. he

suggests Chat it may be St. Pol de Ltfon. Pbtrocus, Patron of Bodmin, Padstowe, and other cbuiches (O., p.

437). See Mcnolog>'. PiRAKUS, Patron of Pcnanjabulo and other churches. He had an

altar in PIxeccr Cathedral, where ati arm of his was preserved

(O., p. 442; Add. Supp]., p. 10). Pratt, Protasics, or Proto, Patron of Blisland (O., p. 437). Probus, Patron of St. Probus, where there w,is a Collegiate Church

before the Conquest (O., p. 443 ; Tanner, p. 69). Pt^NOCK, or Pv»>'ocu3, Patron of church so called (O^, p. 442^

perhaps an error for W'innocus.

ROKAK, RuAV, or RtJMOK, Patron of several churches ; festival at Exeter, 50th August (O., p. 442, and Add. SuppL).

Sawpson, Patron of South Hill and one of the Scilly Isles {O., p.

44a). Saxckedds, Patron of Sacred, and, together with St. Manaccus and

St. Dunstan. of Lawreath (O., p. 140, 14a). Satwola, Patroness of I.aneast with St. ^Velwela (O., p. 440). Semara, Patron of Zennor (O., p. 443; Chal. Suppl. App.). Sedhom, Patron of Sennon (O., p. 443, where, [jcrhap* by error, he

calls Senara the Patron, but adds that Sennon was an Irish

Bishop and friend of Sl David's). Leland (Ilin. iii., p, 65),

from £iy< of Sf. Brtaea, mentions Sinninus, Abbot, who was

with St. Patrick in Rome. Su>ulHt;s, or SiTHCiNiTs, Patron of Stthney {O., p. 443, where he

suggests that it may be St. Swithen). Sii-VANUS, Patron of a chapel in Sl Burian's parish (O., p. 437). Stediancs, or STrrmAM, Patron of pariah so called (O., p^ 443)-

Tai-lasus, or Tallakd, Patron of a church so called (O.. p. 443).

Teosa. One of the Scilly Isles is called St Teon's.

Tetha, Patron of St. Tethe (O., p. 443) Collegiate Church, calle

also Ella (Tanner, p. Ji). TEWTitHOCUs, or TowEDSACK, PatTon of Towednack, united 10

Lclant Uny (O., p. 44o> 443)- Ttmois, same as Uda, below.

APPENDIX I. 657

Uda, Tuduis, or Todt, Patroness of St. Tudy, said to be sister of St Eicus and St. Hya ; Leland has St. Tcdy (Itin. iii. ; O., p.

443)' Umt, the same as Ewinus.

UvELUS, or EvAL, Patron of St. Eval (O., p. 438).

Vauge, an Irish Saint in Cornwall.

Vepa, Vepcs, or Vept, Patron of St Veop. The church was rebuilt in 1336, and dedicated to SS. Quiricus and Julitu (O., p. 443).

Wklvbla, Patroness with St. Satwola of I^neast. Ilur naiiio occurs in the Exeter Litanies of the eleventh century (O., j). 440).

Wkndroka, Patroness of Wendron (O., p. 443 ; Chal., y Oct.)-

Wexeppa, or GwEKSAP, Patroness of Gunap, said to he sistL-r uf St Nectan (O., p. 439).

Wesxa, or Wenx, Patroness of Morwd and of St. Wenn (()., i>i). 441,

443)- Werburga, Patroness of Warbstovr, the English St Wertmrg {O., \i.

443)- WiKKiERts, or GwiNEAB, Patron of Church of Gwinear ((>,, p. 4^)).

Lebnd (Itin., iii.) speaks of a IJ/e of St. Wymerus. WiMNO, GuiKNOw, Genoke, Various forms of WinntK". WiKWALAUS, the same as Winwaioc. The Exeter Litunies li:id "St.

Wennuloe ".

Ya, the same as Hya.

Yllocasus, or ItLOGAN, Patron of place so talUtl (()., p. .u,> ; Chal, 30 Oct.).

42

APPENDIX II.

A Catalogue of other Saints and Persons of re- puted HOLINESS, WHO, THOUGH MENTIONED IN

SOME English Martvrologies and ancient Chronicles, are omitted in the Menology, for the reasons briefly stated after each name.

Abbenus, or Abeh, the founder of Abingdon, fled from the Eng-

, lish to a wood, where he lived as a hermit, but afterwaids

went to Irebnd, where he died. This history too uncertain

for the • Menology, and the cultus not proved (Chron. of

Abingdon, Rolls' Series, vol. ii., App.; I.anigan's Hist., iii.,

p. 22).

Adalcisus. See Etto, below.

Adelham, Placid, O.S.B., one of the Martyrs, whose cause is

deferred for further inquiry, Adeline, Ethelina, or Eudelme, Patroness of Little Godhciv

Church, Gloucester. Not known. Adlar, or Adelhere, companion of St. Boniface, Sec KoKii;.

below. AcATHA, in Germany in the time of St, Boniface (Ch.al., 6 JuneV

She was not English. AciLBERT, Bishop of Dorchester, and afterwards of Paris, friend c!

St Wilfrid. Chastelain calls him Venerable, but no tu!tus, Alfred, King of Noithumbria (W. i and j). Whether Alchfrid thi-

Elder or Alfred the Younger, son of Oswy, be intended, there is

no evidence that either was honoured as a Saint. Alhak, "an English Bishop in Anjou" (Claude Chastelain, 4

April) ; not known.

660 MENOLOGY.

Arilda, or AvRiLDis, honoured at Gloucester Abbey ; not known,

but mentioned in a Martyrology, a.d. 1220-24 (Biit Mus. MSS.,

Reg. 2 A, xiii.). Aristobulus, mentioned in the New Testament, is said to have

come to Britain, but the story cannot be maintained. Arwystli-Hen, said to be the Welsh form of the name Aristobulus. Atkins, William, SJ., one of the Martyrs whose cause is delayed

for further investigation. Atkinson, Matthew, O.S.F., a Martyr, whose cause is delayed.

Bagna, or Bagga, Priest and Monk, a.d. 715 c (Chal., 5 June);

" from Britain, of the Saxon race," a very holy religious, died

after a short illness, his beatitude apparently revealed to the

Abbot Benignus, but no evidence of religious veneration (Gesta

Abb. Fontanaiensium in Mon. Germ. Hist, Scrip., vol. ii., p.

278). Ballon, Biriket, and Hdbriton, and Segretia, reputed brothers

and sister of St. Gerald of Mayo. No authority for these names.

See Menolc^, 13 March. Barsorarius, or Barsenor, Abbot (Chal, 13 Feb.), does not

appear to be English. Bkhignus, at Glastonbury (in Marts. M, Q), 31 Oct. ■ Bxrinwald (\Vhitf, 21 Dec.), "in Englande, within the fraunchest of

Oxford, the deposition of St. B., Priest and Mart"; nothing

known. Beatcs (W. I and 2 ; Chal.), in no way connected with this country.

See Boll., ao May, p. 368. BsMONOS, C, at Glastonbury (Whitf., translat., 27 June) ; not known. Bertuin. See Etto, below, Besiuds, infant Martyr at Glastonbury (Malmesb.), probably the

same as Belesius (in Mart L). Bhrwina, V. (in Exeter Mart, i May); not known. There is

Berwyn or Gerwyn, a man in Welsh list. Biriket. See Ballon, above. BLOtiNT, Thomas, Priest, one of the Martyrs whose cause is deferred

for further examination. BoRY, his body venerated at Rumburgh Priory, Suffolk (Dugd

Monast, iii., p. 613); not known. BosBL, first Bishop of Worcester (Chal.), a holy man, but not vene- rated as a Saint

APPENDIX II.

eci

BoTDiD, M. (Chal-, 38 July), a Swede, only bnpttscd in England

(Boll., 6ih vol. of July, p, 655). Kradlby, Ricuakd, S.J., one of Ihc Martyrs whose cause is dcrened- Bkendan (WTiitf, ; W. 1 and 2, 14 June), if not ttie same u 16

May, is purely Scottish. Bbmjget. See Maura, below. Brqchadids and Buocmanits, brottiers of St Luman, nqihcws of

I Si. Patrick (Chal). This story will not hear examination. See Lanigan's HisL, 1., pp. 125, 221. BuRCCNDoroRA. Sce Fara, below. Candida, venerated at Whitchurch ; not known, probably not ' Englisli. CosniDDS, at Fonianelles ; probakly not English. C0RLEA.TTS, sotnetimea csllcd l!isho]> of Man or of Sodor, He was Bishop in Ireland, and director of St. Bridget, but has nothing to do with the Isle of Man (Lanigan's Hist., i. ; Cbid., a Feb.). CoKMAN. The predecessor of St. Aidan in the Korthumbrian Mission Ms uiid to be railed Coinisn, but there is no proof that he was venerated as a 8aint. Co^STA^■TlNK, venerated at Wilhcrnll, ^supposed to be the »nnie as in

Menoloti:y (Dugd. Mon., iii.. p. 583). Cooi'KK, jytiN, Layman, a MaitjT, whose cause is dcfcncd for further

investigation. Cox, RoBKRT, O.S.B., a M.irtyr, whose cause is dcla>'ed. _ CrMBERT. W. has on 21 Feb.: "Cynibcrt, Bishop io Isle of Wight ". It wa.t he who baptised the broihcnt Arwald, but no autlioiity for calling him Saint or Bishop. [ CsLRriTitA, V, Her body prcacrvcd incorrupt at Glastonbury

(Malmcsb.). Perhaps same as Ealswitha }Cm. In the MS. edited byChalioner: "Sl Cetl, in the Monastery of Vndala(Oundle), by ihc rivcil^cn". I'crhaps relics of St. Cedd or St Chad were preserved there.

[.Dakicl, Bishop of Winchester, (Chal.). No proof that he was

venerated as a Saint. JDarerca, (Chal, 32 July). Exceedingly doubtful whether she was

sister of St. Patrick or had any connection wiih Great Britain

(I^anigan's Hist., i., pp. I35-7).

663

MENOLOGY.

Dbicola, the comimiiion of St. Columbanus (Cbal.), only passed

through Btitain in company with his master. Demock, l~iyman, a Martyr, whoac cause is delayed for further

investigation. DtONiA, at Cbnrlvbur)', in MS. edited by Challoner, not known. It

has been conjectured ih.tt it may be an error for Diuma, ancient

Bishop of the Mercians.

Eadbcrca, at Lyming, probably St. Elhclburga (Tate) — if not the same, a sister of hers.

Eadsjs, ,\tchbishop of Canterbury (\V. i and 2 ; Chal.). He is not named in the Canterbury prayer or relic list, and docs not Eccm to have been regarded as a Saint.

Eais^'itha, V. (Choi., 27 Nov.), whose body was preserved in- corrupt at Glastonbury, seems lo be the same as Calyitha (so printed in Gale, ii.. p. 301),

El>EL, and Ethel, oflen written indiscriminnicly at the beginning of names.

Edith or Hastimgs (CiiaL, 7 June), a holy woman, whose soul was seen by St. Robert of Newminslcr to ascend lo heaven ; but she does not seem to have been venerated as a Saint.

StKiKis (EdoTf), in Man. P. 15 June, not known,

Ct^w'AKD II., King, aAvT his cruel murder nt Ucrkcley Castle, excited such compa£ston that many regarded him as a SsinL There was a rumour uf miracles, and a great discussion as to his canonization (Glouc, Chron. ; Knvfjhton, Twysd. CoU, assi).

Ela, Countess of Salisbury, widow of Wiltiau lx>ngc«p^e, founded Lacock Priory, a.d. 1131, for .Nti^ustiniart Canoncsscs, whom she joined herself. She died a holy death; but ihcre ts no proof of ett/tui. The church was dedicated lo Our Lady and St. Bernard ; but Henriquei is in error when he calls her a Cistercian. (Eulogium Hist. (Rull^ c<l. iit., p. 1 17), quoted by Lcland (Collect, i„ p. 305), Uugd. Monast, vi,, p, 500).

E1.E0N0KA, "martyred at Binnin>ihiim, 16 Aug," (Dublin Mart., ■ S46). Chastelain has " ^ Beiniitijjliam en Ireland, manyrWe par leg h^r^iques ". There is no Btmiinj{ham in Ireland, but perhaps it ira» her fimiily name. Nothing known,

Eto<^uii;s. See Etio, below,

Elos, Patron of the ancient Church of ^Vfl^ington, Lancashire, cannot be identiflcd, but was probably of tlic old British race.

APPENDIX II.

663

lEOBAN, and other companions of the martyrdom of St. Boni&cc

(Whitf.; W. I and 2 ; Chal.)- Probably some of ihem were

English ; but there is no wny of dutin^iuishing them. [Elvius (\V. t and a ; Chal). This is Ailbc, Bishop of Emly. Apostle

of Munstcr. His reported connection with St. David is

doubtful. [ETHEtrLEDA, Of ElplEDA, at Glastonbury (W.; Chal.), a holy

woman, friend of St. Dunstan, but there is no cu/tus. Malmcs-

bury calls her ywww. I Ethelmodus (in Cal. 62, 9 Jan.). Nothing ascertained [Ethklred, King, the elder brother and predecessor of Alfred the

GkM, a virtuous and pious prince, killed in battle by the

Danes. He is Miid to have been honoured as a Martyr at

Winbourne, where he was buried. i_Ethelwold, King, Marl, at I^omimter (>farts. M, Q). Not

ascertained who ts meant. £tto, BERTriti, ELoguius, A0ALGI8CS, MONBAL (Chal. 10, II

July). Eito was an Irishman, and so probably were his com-

{lanions. They merely passed through Britain on their way to

the ContinenL EvettDELiXDA (Uugd. Mon.-tKt., vi., p. 1.J49). Not known, perhaps

tlie same as Eztlinda. j EzEUNDA (Dublin Mart, of 1846). Not known; perhaps Ever*

delinda.

Fara, or BvKOUNDOTORA, Abbess of Brie (W, r and 3; Chal.; Mart. Rom.), Not English, though many English went to her monastery. N.B.— jE'A'njrtKm in Latin stands for .^m as well as for Vork. •suNANi's (in Mart. L, 10 Feb.) seems to be St. Theliau, whose day is 00 the 9th. PFistanus (in many Marls,, 17 Feb.), '» Siv/ta. Not English. I FtRMiK, at Crawley (Dugd. Monast., vi., p. 161 5). Not known.

KKBT, Henry, S.J., a Martyr, whose cause is deferred for further investigation. Cii^cETRCDE. Chal. says the name ts found in a MS. Litany, among the English Virgins. Malmesb. mentions CiEkei'kude, whose body reposed at Glastonbury ; perhaps the same.

664

MENOLOGY.

GEJiitASDS, called first Bislicp of Man by Jocelin in life <^ St. Patruki no other authority ; probably St, German of Auxctrc. Ttie cathednl was dedicated to St Gcrmanus (Lanigati'i Hist,

L. IK 306)- CEOrntEY, Bishop of I^ Mans, called of " London," but should be

of Laon, not connected with England. GiLiiKBT, Bishop of Chichester, a.r. 1305 (W. ; Chal., 11 Ai^.),

piousand charitable, but no ^/ir^ (Boll. ,2nd vol. of Aug., pL 607), Gilbert, Bishop of Hexham, the same as Tilhcrt. Gi3LA and Richtrudk, VV. These Saints apjicar in some of out

mart)-rotogies, but ihey have no connection with England,

except that they were placed under the direction of Alcuin. GoLVEN (W.; Chal.), Bishop of I«eon. Though his parents were

from Britain, he was bom and li?cd on the Continent

(Lobineau, ii., p. 323). GOTEBALn (W. ; Chal., $ April), an Englishman, Bishop in

Sweden, but no (uitus (Doll., iHt vol. of April, p. 396]. GotmoA, appears in a Welsh calendar, at Feb. Not known whether

or not it is tlic name of a Saint. Gkee>, Robert, Layman, a Martyr, whose cause ts deferred. GRIM1.AC, appears in Martyrology R. Probably an error of the

copyist for some other name. Grovk, John, S.J., a Martyr, whose canse is delayed. GuiTHELis, Bishop 0^- I ; Chal.). Doubiftil ; first mentioned by

Geoffrey of Monmouth.

HAsnrKD, Bishop of Shcrhoumc, killed by the Danes in 1871 (W. ;

Ch.1l., 22 March). Ii docs not appear that he was venerated as

a Sniiit, though Malhcw Paris says lie was crowned with

martpdom. HAHkisoK, Jobs, Priest, a Matiyr. whose cause is dcfcncd. Hiu., Lawriu<ck, Layman, a Martyr, whose cause is deferred. HoNOKE, the Virgin spouse of St ESlam, Prince of Briltany, is said

to have been a native of Great Britain ; but the legend is of

doubtful authenticity (Lobineau, i., p. aj8). HuvRiTOK. See Ballon, above Hook, Bi&ht^ of Ely, a.d. 1354 (W. 1 and 3). No record of eaitms

or miracles.

Ipaberca (Chal.). Relics at Bury. Not English.

APPENDIX IL 665

JxxisoB, Tbomas, S.J., a Maityr, whose cause is delaj-ed. JsKox, or Gdax (W.; ChaL). Scotch, not English, in HoQand. Jobs, Bisht^ of Ely (W. I and 3 ; CbaLX A.D. 1225. A Cisteccun

and a holy man, bat no proof of altus or miracles. JoRN, Abbot of Sl Albans (W. i and 2). Does not seem to have

been regarded as a Saint (BolL, 4th roL of July, p. 201). Jobs op Movtiers, or Chison (ft*. ; ChaL) does appear to be of

Great Britain (Lobineau, L, p. 295). JOHir, Canon Rq;alar of Lewes, in Sussex (AV-, 5 Feb^). U'ilsOD

refen to Rosweyd's Fasti SancL, who sap there was a Life of

him preserved in some monastery in the Low Countries. There

were no Canons Regular at Lewes ; perhaps Lesnes, in Kent, is

meant. No proof o( cultus. JOBN Peckham, O.S.F., Archbishop of Canterbury, called Beatws by

Anurus (Mart. Franc, 24 April) ; but there is no proof of cmlhis

(BolL, 3rd vol, of April, p. a6o). JOBiT KiNEGAu, Carmelite, of York, is called Blessed in the Calendar

of the Order (6 July, a.d. 1339) ; but there is no proof of atlhis

(Boll, 3rd voL of July, p. 249). John Scot, Bishop of Dunkeld (ChaL, 19 Aug.). He was an

Englishman, and died at Newbottle, prominent in the history of

his time (Mailrose Ann., Hovedon, Fordun, Haddon, and Stubbs),

called a virtuous man, but no proof that he was regarded as a Saint. JOHM OF Salzburg (W. i and 2 ; Chal.), has no connection with

England

Lakdus. The hospital of Holdesdon, Herts, dedicated to SS. Antony and Landus. Probably not an English Saint, and perhaps an error for T^udus or St L6. See Comish list,

Lanzo (mis-spelled Lauzon), Cluniac Prior of Lewes, highly com- mended by Malmesbury, hut no eultus (Boll., i April).

Leofgar, Bishop of Hereford (W. 1 and 2). No culius.

Leofric, Bishop of Exeter (\V, 2). No cultui.

Leufrid (ChaL), the same as St. Leufroy, not English.

Levex (W, ; ChaL, 12 Nov.), B.M. He was an Irish Martyr in Flanders.

LisoLD, C. Claude Chastelain has : "6 April, at Brcteuil, diocese of Beauvais, St. Lisold, Confessor, native (originaire) of the British Isles, whose body is honoured in that town, in the Abbey Church of St Constantien ". Nothing more ascertained.

666

MENOLOGY.

LuDCSR, B.C. (ChaL). Hisonly conncclion with England was that

he received part of his education at York, under Alcuin. LuiNus, Archhisliojj of Cantetbuty (Warts. M, Q, 1 1 Nov.). LcMAR. See Brochadius, above.

Magonachcs. See Brochadius.

Makcku-us. MarL, Bishop of Treves (W. r and 2; ChaL). No

auihority for Itis connection willi St. Lucius. Maura and BRirxjET. "Maura and Bridget, princesses of

Northuaibria, martyred on their return frum a pilgrimage to

Jt:rus.nl<rm, at Balagnysur-Th^rain in Picardy" (Mifmoiiei de

la Society des Antiquaires de Ficardy, voL x., pp. II7-9).

Nothing more ascertained. Melanl's, Biaiiop, Man. ut GUstonbury ; mentioned by Malnwsbiu;,

but not Vnown. Meuxjn, or Melakii's, Uishop, Mart (ChaL, aj Oct.), is said to

have been .1 native of Britain, converted to the Faith in Rome,

and sent by Pope Sl Stephen, A.D. 312 c, to preach ibc Gospel

at Rouen. Mr(jigoi.d, Mart. (W., 9 Feb.). No connection with this countiy

can be proved. MoKBAi. Sec Eito. MoDMCMD, or Mai>miindus, Matt, (in Mart. L; Whitf. Add., 20

July) ; " in the mon-istery at Gioucester" ; nothing ascertained. MoNEWNios. See Nennio, below.

NssNio. Of MosESSiCB (Chal.), prolmbly an Irishman, Bishop of Whiihom or Candida Casa, siiccewor of Sl. Ninian (Lanigan, Hi»l, i., J). 438 ; Forbes, Inlrod. to Life of St. Ninian, xlu.-iiL).

NovATUs and Timothit (ChaL), sons of I'udens. No connection with Britain can be shown.

Odiua, Virgin, Mart. (W. 1 and 2; Chal.), at Rurcmond. This Saint appears to be one of the companions of St. Ursula.

Odwald (W. I and 2), Abbot at Durham, a.d. 806. The only authority h that of Trilhemius and Wion, and the Saint has not been identified. The Bollandists place him in the list of those to be examined hereafter, on the 7th Decenilier.

Olavk, King of Norway, Matt. (Whilf-;Chal.). Converted by Eng- lish Mis.'iioncrs, perh.ips bapti7cd in England, where 'itrious churchi^ in I.ondon ami elsenheie were dedicated to him ; hut be is not an English Saint.

APPENDIX II. 667

OixiAir, Bishop of Derkan, in Ireland (ChaL). Challoner calls him

ft Briton; iHit according to Lanigan (i., p. 265), he must have

been Irish. Omolaus. a church in Devonshire is dedicated to this Saint ; but

he cannot be identified, unless, as Oliver suggests, it is St.

Olave. OSTitUDi; V. (W. I and a ; Chal.). This Saint is not connected

with England. OsrrOR (Chal.), second Bishop of Worcester, a holy man, but no

OswiN, Conf. (W. I and 2). This Saint cannot be identified ; but perhaps it is an error for Owini or Oven, steward of St. Ethel- dreda, and afterwards monk and com{)anion of St Chad.

OwzK, or Odkm, Archbishop of Rouen. His name appears in vari- ous Martyrologies, ancient and modern ; but the festival was local at Canterbury, on account of relics there preserved.

Palladius (Chat.), the predecessor of St. Patrick. No grounds for considering that he was a Briton, or that he exercised his mission within our limits.

Petirson, William, a Priest, who suffered martyrdom at Calais under Henry VIII.

PoLLENA. See Valeria, below.

Friso, Richard, S.J., a Martyr, whose cause is deferred.

Radclphus, Abbot of Vaucelles, is called English by Willet, 30th December; but Henriquez (Menol. Cisterc, 31 Dec.) sa>'S nothing of his country.

Remigius, Bishop of Lincoln (of 6 May, 1092 ; W,), a great prelate, removed the See from Dorchester, built Cathedral, &o., but i\o cu/tus, though Bromton and Mat Paris call him Suinf, an»l report miracles (Malmesb. Pont., iv., § 177 ; Mabiil,, ,\ota SS, Bened., ssec, viT pt, 2, p. 267). His body was found imorrupt after thirty-two years,

Richard Scrope, Archbishop of York, put to dcith by lU-nry U". for raising a force in favour of the Yorkists, was in his own locality popularly regarded as a Saint, and said to liaxx- woiVtvi miracles after death (Eulogium Hist., vol. iii,. i>|>. 4.>5. ^i\\

Richardson, J., a Priest, who suffered martyriJuni at t,"al,HN oiiiUh Henry VIII.

668

MENOLOGY.

Rocr.R, nishop of I/indon, A. c. 1941 (W.; Chal.), apious and illuMrioas Bishoj) ; but no cuftus, though Mat. Paris speaks of miracles.

RoNAi.ti (Chal.). ITicTc is a church in Yorltshirc under this dedica^ tJon, but nothing is known of the Saint.

RurrLTS (Chal, 27 Aug.).

Rum WOLD, Bishop, Xrart., Patron of Mechlin. This Saint is generally considered to ha\'e been by biith an Irishnun ; but some wriien, among wlioin is Sollier, the Bollandisi, maintain thai he was of Englixh origin.

RuDUAKDus at Stonehenge. Nothing Vnown ; bin in Mart. L wc have " 9 Feb"- loco Sunhcngc, Sl*^ Rudmandi, Conf.". It has been conjecliitcd that this may be an error for " loco Ste/ning, St'' Cuthmanni," whose festival is on the 8ih Fcbniaiy.

Sabinu9, at Barnstaple (Dugd, Monast., v., p. 196). Nol known. Salvink, Bishop of Verdon (W. j). No grounds for connecting him

with Great Britain. Sbkkkt, King of the F-ast Saxon* (Chal.). No trace of cvitut. Senah, of Ireland (Chal). a friend of St. David's; but it i» not clear

that he visited him in this country. Sewali., Archbishop of York, 10th May, 1258 (W. i and j). Stubbs

(Ant. Pont. Khor.) hais nothinu to indicate euilys, nor has even

Matt, of Westminster. Miracles were reported, and it is aid

thai pilgrimages were made till Henry VHI., but the authority

is not satisfactory. Sexwulf, Abbot of Pcict borough. Bishop of Lichfield (W. z; ChaL).

No eutlHs. Simon de Montpori is found in n fragment ofa Barking Calendar (64). StriLUa lliis Saint is honoured at Solder, in the diocese of Milo,

and is said to be the son of Brocquemar, Prince of Wales (Girj-'s

Lives, X., p. 516). SvcAR (Chal., 2 Nov.), a holy Priest at York, to whose sanaity

and prophetic spirit Si, Bernard fiiv« tesrimony in his life of

St. Matachi ; but there is no proof of tiilhis. Svtha, Virgin, non-Mart Tliis Saint is found in Calendars 7. J?.

41, and in M.irt. K. Kcr Acts arc imknovrn, and il is doubtful

whether she was English or foreign.

Thean, or Thbosus, Bishop of I-ondor (W. a ; ChaL), seems too uncertain for the Mcnology, being first mentioned by Jocelin of Furness in the twelfth century. See Usslwt, p. 36.

APPENDIX II. €69

Thehaw, mother of St. Kntigem, belongs rather to Scotbnd.

Theoccs, Hennil at Tewkesbutj-, a.d. 715 c (W., 38 May). He is said to bare lired as a bennit at Tewkesbur}- about the time of the erection of the Abbe)- by the brothers Oddo and Doddo, but not to have been connected with the foundation. The town is said to have been naoied from him ; but Malmcsbur)- (Pont, iv., 5 137) knows nothing of Theocus, and sui>posc:i Tewkesbury to be so calW from Theotocos, or the Mother of God (Leland, Itin., vi, p. 72 ; Uugd. Monast, ii., pp. 53, 59 ; Camden).

Thomas or Lakcaster, 22nd March, 1321, of the elder house of Lancaster, grandson of Henr%' III^ t>L-htaded for taking arms against Edward II. He died vei)- jjiuasly, and was pojiularly regarded as a Saint, Many miracles were rejxjrted, and a Breviarj' Office drawn up in his honour, Kut [lerh^iia never used, printed by Camden Society < I'olitical Song% p. 26^) frrjm MS. Reg- 12, cxiL, fol. ta. Thomas of WaUinghain say^i, .\.it. 1390: " Thomas of Lancaster was canonized this year"; Nut this can- not be a Papal canonization. See alsfj Kny^hton (Twjsd. Col., 2551 ; and Bolt., vol. iii. of March. ;.. ^j^).

TUOUAS OF Herttord, Archdeacon of \onhumberland iW. i ; ChaL, 17 Aug., 1253), a disciple <jf St. Edmund of Canterbury. There is nothing but Matt, of U'eitminster's as.icnion that, though not canonized in Rome, he was asauredly st. EdmLnd's companion in heaven (Boll., 3rd vol. of Aug., j... 41;^

Theodred, Bishop of London (ChaL). No trace of cullus.

TiMOTHEUS, Deacon. By error attributed to Britain.

Turcot, Bishop of Durham and St. Andrews, No authority for the title of .5/fi«//.

Tyrwhit, Robert, Layman, a Mar.vT, whrisc 'aust i.s deferred.

Tyrwhit, WiLUAif, Layman, a Martyr, whos'.- canvj i, '!<;f<.rr..-d.

Vauchas, Thomas, Priest, a Martyr, whose ousc is ileferred, Valeria and Polllna art said to ttt th'j -.x-mut, of St, Liei/li-ird, the Mart)T, and to have goric from ' jreat i;rit;iin to viiiit hi . s;i' red ranainsat Hunecourt, in B^^lgium. They eiiibraf...'] th'; r';lip;i'jii:. State in thai place, and atjained cmiriti.i ■.:iri' tity of lif'.-. 'J heir relics were subsequer/.!/ tfur.^lated v> Hi, f^n'-niin, .jjj'I ihi-ir festival observed on the 8*.h (kuA^h. I hny il-i not ;i|ij.<-;if to have received any special honour in i;)i;',l..r.(| (lioll., 41I1 vol, of Oct, p, 289).

670

MENOLOGY.

Ultam (Chal., 1 May). This is not the brother of St. Furscy, bat a holy Monk of I.indisfamc. No proof ofn/iitt.

Umba (Chnl.), said to be marked in our ancient Calendars on the aSlh December. Not known.

Walbburba, at Glastonbury (Malmcsb.). Perhaps a misiaVe of the copyist.

Wasnulf (W. I and 3 ; ChaL), a Scottish Saint.

Walter, Abbot of Konuincllcs (Chal., 13 Aug.). Doubtful vfhethe he na* English, and cutttu not proved (Mabill., Annals, 1150, vol. vi., p. 476).

AVbndklvh (W. I and 2 ; Chal., 10 Oct.). This Saint is not in fact connected with this country.

Wendreda, of March, in Cambridgeshire, translated to Ely (T>ugd. Monast., i., p. 459). TTie Clmrch or Chnpel of Match is dedicated to her,

Wknta and Mamilij* (Cfial.). Relics at Glastonbury, bul no proof Of nstive origin.

WiGCES, William, Priest, a Martyr, sup])Osed to be the same as the Venerable Waye.

WiLFOtto, PfiTKR, O.S.B., a Martyr, whose cause is deferred for further examinuion.

W1L.OEPOBTIS. This Saint, also called Liberata, is named in the Roman Marlyrotogy, and seems to have been honoured in almost every country of Europe. A Chaiicl was dedicated to her in the Church of St. Mary-te-Port at Brigtol, and in an ancient deed she 13 called "Saint ^Vilgcfort or (of?) Mayden Uncomb ". It is impouible to ascertain who she was, as &lic is &aid to ha^-c been English, French, Portuguese, Italian, (ieiman, and Belgian in different accounts. See l>i»ertation in the Bollandists, 20 July.

Wjli-eic (W. I ; Chal., a March). He was the successor of St. Siiidberl in the Abbey of Keiservrcrdt, but there is no ancient authority for calling him an Englishman (Doll, i«t vol. of March, p. 148).

WiLLEsiNDA, a Nun of Faremoutiers, appears to have been English, but docs not appear in oui ancient Calendars or Martyrologiea . (MabilL, Acta SS. Bencd., ii., p. 4^5).

\ViLt.iABi, Archbish(jp of Tyre, a.d. 1 130 (W, 1 1 Feb.). He was an EngU&hmon, Prior of the Holy Sepulchre, afterwards Archbishop of Tyre, a venerable and holy man; but there is no trace of evihis. .

APPENDIX II. 671

WiLUAU (Whitf., a March). The Boltandists (ist vol. of March, p. 135) think that this is St WiUeic, whose feast occurs on the same day ; but this would not be " in the time of the Emperor Henry III.," as Whitford says. It has also been conjectured that it may be William the Franciscan, in which case the "Emperor Henrylll." should be "HenryllL, King of England".

WiMoc. Bishop Challoner names three of this name on the 6th November. Wince of Woromholt (Berg) belongs to Continental Brittany. Winoc, Bishop in Ireland, is not mentioned tn the Life of St Patrick, nor does he seem to belong to this country in any way, unless he may be Genocus, the companion of St. Finian. It is by an error that the other Winoc at Tours is classed with the Saints. Wilson gives both the principal feast and the translation of St. Winoc of Berg.

WiNWALOc {W. 1 and z ; ChaL, 3 March). This illustrious Saint, though his parents and brothers were bom in Great Britain, himself saw the light after they had settled on the Continent His fame was spread throughout France, Flanders, and Great Britain (Lobineau), He appears in some Calendars, and in Marts. I, N. See Menology.

WiTHBURCA, at Rome (Chal.). She is mentioned in a letter of St Boniface as a pilgrim who died there ; but there is no mention of ai/hts.

WiTTA, or Albinus, Bishop, Conf. (W, ; Chal., a6 Oct.). Alford (after Baronius) calls him English. Wilson (after Trithemius) makes him Irish from Hy ; but there is no ancient evidence as to his country. The Life of St Boniface, though at first it seems to say he was English, joins him with the Abbot Gregory, who was not

WuLFRUNA (Chal.). She was the foundress of Wolverhampton, but there is no evidence of at/^s.

APPENDIX III.

The Sources from which the Catalogue of the Saints has been compiled, and the Materials derived, for the notices of their lives.

In the references, subjoined to the Calendar of each day, these Sffurtes hatt been classed under four heads — Calendars, Martyrologies, Lepnda, and Histories and Acts.

Calendass. — No fewer than io8 Calendars have been examined for the purpose of asceitaining, as nearly as possible, the names of those servants of God who received from our ancestors the public honours of sanctity. Some of these Calendars are found printed in old Missals, Ordinals, &c, and a few have been recently edited ; but the greater number remain in manuscript in the British Museum and elsewhere. The references are made by Arabic numerals, and a complete list of them will be found below.

Martyrolocies. — These are the ancient MartjTOlogies, some edited and some in manuscript, as described in the subjoined list. The reference to them is by capital letters ; and the Roman Martyro- logy. with its approved supplements for the Religious Orders, is also noted, as being now in use in the Church,

Legenda — Under this head are comprised the short lives, found in various collections, such as those of John of Tynemouth, Cap- grave, the Nova Legenda, and the Martyrologies of Whitford, Wilson, and Bishop Challoner, as well as the lessons taken from the local supplements of various Breviaries. The Nova Legenda is distinguished from Ca[^rave's Manuscript as having been in some places much altered. The references are made by abbreviations explained below.

43

674 MENOLOGY.

Histories and Acts. — Under this class of sources are comprised longer lives, such as those collected by the BolUndists, Mabillon, Surius, and others, as well as those published separately, and also the accounts of the Saints found in the ancient Histories and Chronicles.

The references, however, are confined to the sources actually made use of in the compilation of the Menology, as it would have been beyond the scope of the work to attempt a collection of all the materials of English Hagiol<^. The Catalogue of Sir T. Duffus Hardy, published with the Rolls series, goes far to supply what the student may desire.

CALENDARS.

I. Calendar of Sarura Missal of 1521.

3. „ of York Missal, Henderson's reprint

3' „ of Hereford Missal, Henderson's reprint

4. „ of Arbuthnot Missal, ed. Forbes.

5. Oxford Calendar, in Munim. Ac. Oxon., in the Rolls series, ed.

Anstey.

6. Calendar in a MS. Book of Hours, private property,

7. Calendar of Aberdeen BrevT as given by Forbes, with MS.

addition in copy of Glamis Castle.

8. Edmundsbury Ordinal, 14th century (Harl. MSS. 2977).

9. Calendar of Canterbury Cathedral, 1050 c. (Arundel MSS.

155)-

10. Later entries in the same Calendar.

11. Calendar of Exeter Cathedral, end of 12th century (Harl. MSS.

863). la. Later entries in the same Calendar.

13. Durham Calendars —

a. In Harl, MSS. 5289, 14th century. 6. A little later than the last (Harl. MSS. 1804). *-. Earlier than a and l>, perhaps 13th century (Harl. MSS. 4664).

14. St Alban's Calendar, 12th century (MSS. Reg. 2, A. X.).

15. A Calendar of Hyde or Newminster, Winchester, middle of

iith century.

16. Later entries in the same Calendar.

17. A York Calendar, 15th century (Harl. MSS. 28S5).

18. Wells Ordinal, ed. Reynolds.

19. A Norwich (Diocesan) Calendar, 14th century (Harl. MSS.

"785). ao. A Worcester (Diocesan) Calendar, isth century (Harl. MSS.

587).

676 MENOLOGY.

ai. A Norwich (Diocesan) Calendar, 15* rentury (HarL MSS. 3866).

33. A Worcester (Diocesan) Calendar, 15th century (Harl. MSS.

7398)-

23. A Calendar of Northumberland origin, 14th century (HarL

MSS. ia6o).

24. An Ely Cathedral Calendar, end of 13th century (Harl. MSS. 547). 35. A Calendar of 14th or isth century (Harl. MSS. 3888).

26. A Calendar of St Augustine's, Canterbury, a.d. 1318 c. (in MS.

E. 19 of Chapter Library, Canterbury).

27. A Calendar of the Bridgettines of Syon, 15th century, with

several fancy entries (Harl. MSS. 487).

28. A Sarum Calendar, 15th century (Harl. MSS. 100).

39. A Calendar written in the Eastern Counties, 15th century (Harl. MSS. 1688).

30. A Calendar of English Augustinians (?), 14th century (Harl.

MSS. 2905).

31. A Calendar of Wenlock Priory, of the Order of Clugny, 13th

century (HarL MM. 2895).

32. A fancy Calendar (in MSS. Reg. z, A. XVIH.).

H- A Sarum Calendar, 15th century (MSS. R^. 2, B. I, in Duke Humphrey's Psalter).

34. A Calendar of the 14th century (MSS. Reg. 2, B. XIV., the

Bouchier Psalter).

35. A Calendar of the 15th century (MSS. Reg. 3, B. XV., the

Ormond Psalter).

36. A Calendar of the i6th century, for private devotion (MSS.

Reg. 2, A. IV.).

37. A St. Alban's Calendar of the 13th century (MSS. Reg. 2, B.

VI.).

38. An English Augustinian Calendar of Danthony, before a.d.

1 1 70 (MSS. Reg. 8, D. VIIL).

39. A Tewkesbury Abbey Calendar, a.d. 1250 c. (MSS. Reg. 8, C.

vn.).

40. A Calendar of beginning of 13th century (MSS. Reg. 11, C.

VII.).

41. A Calendar of Canterbury Cathedral, a.d. 1220-46 (Cotton

MSS., Tib, B. III.). 4) . A Norwich (Diocesan) Calendar, 15th century (Cotton MSS., Julius. B. VII.).

CALENDARS. tjy

43. A fency Calendar, 15th century (MSS. Reg. 17, C. XV.).

44. A Calendar prefixed to Canterbury of Combe Abbey (Cister-

cian), Warwickshire, 15th century (Cotton MSS., Viteliius,

A. I.).

45. A Calendar on a St Alban's basis, written by John Wallingford,

first half of 13th century (Cotton MSS., Julius, D. VII.).

46. Sketch of a St. Augustine's Calendar, 14th or 15th century

(Cotton MS., Julius, D. XI.).

47. A non-practical Calendar, early in i3th century (Cotton MSS.,

Viteliius, A. XII.).

48. Calendar adapted for St. Augustine, Canterbury, end of 13th

century (Cotton MSS., Vespasian, A. II.).

49. Calendar, on Sarum basis, i4.th century (?) (Cotton MSS.,

Vitemus, E. XVIL).

50. Fragment of an Evesham Calendar (Cotton MSS., Viteliius,

E. XVII.).

51. Calendar of Welsh Saints, lath century (Cotton MSS., Ves-

pasian, A. XIV.). Sa. Devotional Calendar, 15th century (Cotton MSS., Cleop., D.

VII.). 53. Dominican Calendar, of some house in Province of York (?),

13th century (Harl. MSS. 2356). 54-5. Westminster Calendar (?), early in 13th century (MSS. Reg.

2, A. XXII.).

56. Calendar of St. Mary Over/s, Southwark, O.S,A., lath or 13th

century, with later entries (Cotton MSS., Faustina, A, VIII.).

57. Devotional Calendar, 12th century (Cotton MSS., Cleop.,

B. III.).

58. Calendar of Ramsey Abbey, end of lath century (Cotton MSS.,

Galba, E X.).

59. Calendar of Reading Abbey, a-D. 1330-46 (December missing)

{Cotton MSS., Vespasian, E. V.).

60. A Calendar, probably the original, but possibly a copy of No,

15 (Cotton MSS., Tiius, D. XXVII.).

61. A Shaftesbury Calendar, containing the four feasts of St.

Edward, M,, then observed.

62. Calendar of South English origin, end of loth or beginning

of nth century (Cotton MSS., Nero, A. II.).

63. Copy of an Evesham Calendar, formerly in Cotton MSS., but

now burnt (Lansdowne MSS. 427).

678

MENOLOGY.

-80.

Fragment of a Calendar of Barking Abbey, 14th century (?)

(Cotton MSS.. Otho,, A. V.). Calendar of Windicombe Abbey, lath centuty (Conon MSS^

Tiberius, E, rv.). Calendar, English, with some Dominican entries, 14th century

(Arundel MSb. 330). An Ely Calendar, end of lath century (Arundel MSS. 377). Cilendar, before ilie Nonnans, altered later at Evesham (Cottonj

MSS., ViteUius, A. XV HI.). Calendar in a Bool: of Hour?. i4tli or 15''^ century (Arundel

MSS. 303). A Cistercian Calendar in Province of Yor1t» 14th century

(Bumey MSS. 335). A Calendar for Compute (not of Saiots), 14th or ijlli ccnluiy

(I^nsdwwne MSS. 385). Calendar belonging to a Convent of Women (5haftesbuT>' ?),

1 3th century (Laiudowne MSS. 3S3, in a Psalter). Calcnd.-ir in a Psalter of 13th century (Arundel MSS. is?)- Late ent:>' in a Saruni Calendar, 15th century (Sloane TAi

1409)- A Saruin Calendar, with vacant days filled according (o fancy,

in 15th cenltirj' (Sloane MSS. ^466 or 9}. Sarum Calendar in a Psalter, with sorae later entries of 14th

century (Sloane MSS. 34^7). Calendar in a Book of Hours, 1 sth century (Sloane MSS. 36S3). Fragnii;nl of a Calendar, I4lh century (Addl. MSS. 8930). Fragment of Calendar of 13th century' (.Additional MSS.

16,380). Ctlendar of 13th century, with some curious local entries

(Addl. MSS. 37,589). A Gloucester Calendar, rsih century (Addl. MSS. 30,506). A Norwich (Diocesan) Calendar, ijih century (Addl. MSS.

if,ooa). A Calendar of 14th century (Addl. MSS. 18,600), A Webb CtlendAr of isth ccntut)*, with addition for Parish of

Haroldston (.Addl. MSS. a»,7io). A Norwich.Satum Calendar (Addl. MSS. 25,588). A Calendar of 13th or i4lh century (AddL MSS. a7,866). A Sarvim Calendar, «ntb Bndgetline additions, rjth century

(AddL MSS. 30,514!

CALENDARS. 679

88. A Sarum Calendar, with a few additional entries, isth century

(Ada MSS. 6894).

89. Calendar in an English Missal of 14th century (Addl. MSS.

11,414).

90. Calendar in the Grandison Psalter, end of 13th century (Addl.

MSS. 21,926).

91. Calendar in Welsh, copied end of i6th century (Addl. MSS.

14,88a). gi, AnotherWelshCaIendar,imperfect, copied (Addl. MSS, 14,886).

93. Calendar, in Welsh, of 14th century (Addl. MSS. 14,912).

94. Calendar of I ath century (?), first half only (Addl. MSS. 31,927).

95. Calendar of Bath, with adaptation for Dunster, A.D. 1383 c

(Addl. MSS. 10,628).

96. Calendar of English origin, 13th century, contained in a rich

Psalter (Addl. MSS. 24,686).

97. Fragment of a Calendar (Addl. MSS. 27,948).

98. A Compute Calendar, 15th century (Egerton MSS. 1634).

99. Calendar in a Psatter, 13th or 14th century, perhaps for Norwich

(Egerton MSS. 1066). 100. Calendar in a Book of Hours, 13th century (Egerton MSS.

1151). loi. A Calendar of 14th century (Egerton MSS. 2139).

102. A Canterbury Calendar.

103. A Calendar of 14th century (Bumey MSS. 334).

104. A Calendar of 14th or 15th century, ignorantly written (Arundel

MSS. 340-

105. Calendar of 14th century, early, Sanim-English, apparently for

Suffolk (Arundel MSS. 83).

106. Two other examples of a Norwich-Sarum Calendar (Lansdowne

MSS. 4^53, and Sloane MSS. 240).

107. Two early forms of a York Calendar (Addl. MSS. 30,511, and

Egerton MSS. 2025).

108. Devotional Calendar of isth century, written apparently by a

foreigner (Addl. MSS. 18,629).

MARTYROLOGIES.

Rom. The Roman Martyrology, as now in use, with the approved Supplements of the Religious Orders.

A. The Martyrology of Beda, as settled and given by the Bollandists.

B. The British additions by Florus of Lyons to Beda's Martyrology,

as given on conjecture by the Bollandists.

C. The Martyrology of Rabanus Maurus, pupil of Alcuin, monk of

Fulda, and afterwards Archbishop of Mayence, from Migne's reprint

D. The Martyrology of Ado, Archbishop of Vienne, taken from

Giorgi's edition, i.e., the entries allowed by Rosweyd to be genuine.

E. The Martyrology of Ado, with additions made by Giorgi, on less

certain authority,

F. The metrical Martyrology of Wandelbert of Prum, edited by

d'Acheri.

G. The Martyrology of Usuard, monk of St. Germains des Pris,

according to the text settled by the Bollandist Sollier.

N.B. — The work of Usuard formed the basis of most of

the later Martyrologies in use. H. An excellent Codex of Usuard, called of Rosweyd, written

between 1138 and 1170, apparently an adaptation for

Holland of an English copy. I. A MS. of Usuard, called by Sollier Antuerpiensis Major, an

English MS. of the early part of the 13th century. K. A Martyrology of Christ Church, Canterbury, the Cathedral,

written in the middle of the 13th century (Brit. Museum,

Arundel MSS., No. 68). L. A Martyrology, written between 1220 and 1224 (Brit. Mus.,

MSS. Reg. a, A. XIII.), probably for the south-west of

England.

MARTYROLOGIES. 68i

M. A Martyrology, apparently of the latter half of the 13th century.

It is called Altemps by Sollier, from the library to which it

belonged. N. A Martyrology contained in a Sanim Breviary (Harteian MSS.

3785) of the 14th century. It contains only half the year,

from 28th November to 17th June. O. Transcript by Francis Peck of a Martyrology belonging to Gale.

The transcript reaches from ist January to 16th March, and

from 25th March to ist April. It is of North English origin

(Sloane MSS. 4938). P. A Martyrology (in Cotton MSS., Claudius, D. III.) of about the

end of the 12th century. Founded on Usuard, but

abridged. Q. A Norwich Martyrology of the 15th century (Cotton MSS.,

Julius, B. VII.)— closely akin to the Altemps. R. A Martyrology (in Lansdovme MSS, 366) of the i6th century,

also founded on Usuard, There are indications of its being

written for the Eastern Counties.

J

L EG E N D A.

TiNU. — John of Tynemouth, Sanctilogium MS., A.D. 1350 c, (Brit Mus., Tib., E. I.).

Capgr.— Capgrave's MS. in Museum, a.d. 1450 c, partly burnt (Otho, D. IX.).

Nov. Leg. — Nova Legenda, as printed a.d. 1516, differing in some respects from Capgrave's MS.

Whitf. — Whitford's Martyrology, 1526.

W. I. — Wilson's Martyrologe; first edition, 1608.

W. a. — „ „ second edition, 1640.

Chai Bishop Challoner's Memorial of Ancient British Piety,

1 761, with the supplement, not found in many copies.

HISTORIES AND ACTS.

Jn the case of references seldom occurring, no abbreviations Aave been tkought necessary ; Intt in those in more frequent use, the following contractions have been adopted.

Bede. — St. Bede's History, according to the books and chapters.

SiMEOK DuNELM. — Sjmeon of Durham.

Malmesb, Reg, — William of Malmesbury, Gesta Kegum, from the edition of the Historic Society.

Malmesb, Pont. — William of Malniesbur>-, Gesta Pont., from the Rolls editioa

Flob. — Florence of Worcester, according to the years.

HovENDEN. — Roger of Hovenden.

Hunt. — Henrj- of Huntingdon.

TwvsD. — The Decern Scriptores of Roger Twysden.

Gale.— The Collection of Fell and Gale.

Mabill. — The Acta SS. Benedictinorum, and the Annals of Mabillon.

SuRiLS, — The Lives of Saints by Surius.

Boll. — The Acta Sanctorum of the Bollandists.

R.— Rees.

C.B. — Cambrian Biography.

L.1^ — Liber Landavensis.

I'

INDEX.

INDEX TO MHNOLOGY.

The Names included in tlu Appendices being already arranged alplmbetically art not repeated in this Index.

Aabon and Julius, sgth June, Abbot, V. Henry, agth Nov., Abel, B. Thomas, 30th July, AccA, no day, . AcHEA, 01 Athv, no day, . Acton, same as Holford, aSth

August, AoAus, V. John, 8th October, Adaunan, of lona, no day, Adaunan, of Coldingham, no

day

Adelbekt, ajth June,

AoBLPiits, no day,

Adelhbbe, companion of St.

Boniface, no day, Adrian, gth June, Adulph, 17th June, . jGlfheah, same as Elphege, iglh

April, .... iELOiPU, same as Elgiva or Al

giva, iSth May, . i^LRED, izth January, jEtheloifu, same as Ethetgiva

gth December, . .Sthblheard, t2th May, . Agahi;nd, of Croytand, no day, AoATHA, no day, AoNES.oneofthc 11,000 Virgins.

2Stfa August, AiPAN, 3ist August, .

PACS

293 57' 370 507 310

420

480 436

37 aSS

56

256 II

271

165

ai5 16

590 208 150 561

510

429

AiDAN, or AmuB, the same as Maeloc, no day, . .

AiLWiN, the same as Egelwin of Athelney, agth Nov., ,

Akilda, the same as Alkeld, no

•iay.

Alban, 22nd June, .

Albinus, no day. Alb u BOA, of Wilton, 35th Dec., Alchuund, or Alkhund, Mart.,

igth March, Alchhund, Bishop of Hexham,

7th September, . Alcuin, or Flaccus Albinus,

igth May, .... Aldatb, or Eldatb, 4th Feb., . Aldhelu, 25th May, Aldwinb, of Peartney, no day, . Alpield, V. Thomas, 6th July, . Alfred the Great, 28th Oct., . Alfreda, Elf red a, Ethel-

PREDA, or Althrvda, no

day,

Alfric, or Alric, i6th Nov., , Alfwold, Bishop, 36th March, Alfwold, King of Noithurobria,

23rd September, . Aloiva, Elgiva, ot ^loifu,

18th May

Alice and Maboaret, no day, .

PAGE

569

135 281

30 607

124

437

2ig

51 231

193 316 516

221 544 134

456

315

394

688

MENOLOGY.

PAGE

Alkbld, Akilda, or Athilda,

no day 135

Allen, Cardinal William, i6th

October, .... 496 Aluond, oc Molineux, or La-

THOH, V. John, 6U1 Dec,, . 587 Alnoth, no day, . , . 565 Alric, the same as Al&ic, i6th

November, .... 543 Alrick, the same as Godwin, no

day, 394

Althrvda, Alfreda, Elpreda,

, or Ethklpreda, no day, . 321 Aluh, the same as Aaron, sgth

June, 393

Amias, or Anne, V. John, iStb

March iig

Am PH IB ALUS, translation Z5th

June 289

Ahdbrton, V. Robert, 25th

April [83

Andlsbv, V. William, 4th July, 308 Aneurin, the same as Gildas,

agth January, ... 40 Anna, King, no day, . . . 446 Anne, the same as Amias, V.

John, iGth March, . . 119 Anselu, aist April, . . . 174 Antoniana, one of the 11,000

Virgins, 15th January, . 309 Ardwvne, aSth July, , . 3S5 ARISTOBULU3, in note, . 303

Arhel, i6th August, . . . 395 Arnulfh, no day, . . . 405 Arrowbmith, V. Edmund, siStb

August 433

Arwald, the two Brothers, no

day 176

Arwvstli-Hsn, samt: as Aristo-

buluB, in note, . . . 303 Asaph, itt May, . . 191

AsHBEY, V. Thomas, . . • 108 Ashley, V. Ralph, 7th April, , 149 ASMTOH, V. Roger or Kobert,

23rd June 386

AsKBGAR, Martyr at Croyland, . 150 ASBBR, no day, .... 447

PAGE

Athelu, 8th June, ... 10 Atheus, same as Tathd, 36th

December, .... 60S Athilda, the same as Alkild or

Akilda, .... 135

Atrv, same as Achea, no day, . 310 Atkinson, V. Thomas, nth

March in

AuBi^ROB, same as Ethelburga

of Faremoutieis, 7th July, , 331 AuDRY, the same as Etheldreda,

33rd June, .... 2S5 AuGULoB, 7th February, . . 55 AuouBTiNE, 26th May, transla- tion 13th September, . 332, 447 AuRELiA, one of the n,ooo

Virgins, 15th October, . 510 AuxiLius, IsscRNtNus, and Se.

cuNorNus, no day, . . 587

Bailey, V. Lawrence, i6th Sept. 450 Baker, V. Charles, same as

David Lewis, 27th August, . 417 Ballon, no day, . . no

Balther, 6th March, . . 105 Bamber, V. Edward, 7th August, 383 Bark worth, V. Mark, 27th

February 87

Barlow, V. Edward or Ambrose,

0,S.B., loth September, . 444 Barnach, the same as Bamic,

27th September, . . . 458 Barruc, Barrog, or Barnach,

27th September, , . . 458 Bates, or Battie, V. Antony,

32nd March, . . iJg

Bathildes, 30th January, . , 41 Battie, or Bates, V. Antony,

2Znd March, ... 139 Bartholomew, Hermit, or Tosti,

24th June, . ■ . .287 Battheule, comp. of S. Boni- face, no day, . . . 358 Bayleb, V. Christopher, 4th

March, .... lOI

Beccbl, same as Bethlin, loth

August, . . . .389

INDEX.

689

Btchb, V. John, O.S.B., i« December . , . . Bf.db, or BEDj«.27th May,

BsDIifGFIKLD, t>r MoMFOM), V.

Thomas, S.J., aist Dec., Bxt, BtCA 01 Bkch, 3iEt Oct., Beli, V Afihut O.S.F., nth

December Deli., V. James, zoth April, Kega, same u Begh or Bee, 31st

October Brer, no day, . Belchiam, V. Thomas, 3rd

August, Belsok, V. Thomas, 5th July, Bbnkdict Biscop, i«h January, BiNEmcTA, one of the it,ooo

Viigins, 5th October, . BaoccA, of Chertsey, no day, BEBttLCT, V. George, and July, Begh, same as Bega or Bee.

3i« October, Bennet, V. William, S.J., no

day, .... Beke, B. John ot Richard, Car

thusian. tiii day, . liRKETiniw.liRiriiikNUS, or BEk

TiNus, 15th May, Beknach, or Brenacii, 7th

April

Beknaru, of Rocca d'Atce, 14th

October, Benen, same as Benignus.

BLKTHzLlfrf RrillMN or Beth

KLM, loth August,

BrrHLlN, BETHELM.OrBeRTHe

IAS, loth August, BnflFLM l<KIHLI_-4 OrBERTKE

i.lN', loth Au(;uKt, Beuno, 01 Benko, no day, BiBUO, 3rd July, BiCKEKDiKE.V Koberi.SthOct. BiBUZV, t(ih November, . BiLFBiD, iglh Fdbruary, . Bird, V. James, 25th March, Bird, Edward, 4lh August, Bibikbt, no day,

^

'AGE PAGE

BiRiNus, 3rd and 5th December, 581

578 BiRSrAH, BRISTAN.OrBtUNBTAN,

334 4th November, , , . 535

Bishop, William, Bishop of

608 Chalcedon, i3i.b April, . 157

519 rtiT^ttvs, noday, . . . 164

Bi„*KK,V Alexander, 4th March, loi 5g5 Bleiddian, or Blewdian, ttq Welsh for St Lupus of Troyes. with St. German, 519 3"t July, . . . .37a

4j; Blanche, same as Gwcn, no day, 310

Body, V, John, 3nd November, . 521 378 !!ciMl., 71I1 July, , . .318 311 Boniface, or Winpkiu, Mart., 14 5th June, .. . '. .255

Bon rArF.ofSavoy, 13th March, iifi

510 liosA, Bishop, gtfa March, . . log 151 BosA, companion of St. Boni-

304 ticc, no day, . . . 258 l!oiii;fcAVE, V Thomas, 4lh July, 307

;ig KmT, V John. 24ih July, . . 356

BoTULHi, Abbot, i7ih June. . 271

230 BoTULPH, Bishop, no day. . . 271 lloucs, V Marmaduke, afitb

306 November, 566

BKANNt>CK,7lh January, . , 6

210 liRANWALLATiiR. igih January,. 35

Uregwih, 25th August, . . 413 14G Bbenach, Brvnach, or Ber-

NAcii, 7th April, ... 146

492 Brenach, a6th June,. . 291 BiiGNDAH, or Bkandon, i6th

r May 31a

389 ; Breuile, same as Biiavel, 17th

June, 271

389 Uriant, B. Alexander, S.J., ist

December, . . , . 578 389 i Briavrl, 17th June, . . -271 174 Brinstan, or Bristan, same as

305 Birstan, 4th November, , 525 4S0 liKioc, ist May, . . 190 564 I Brh KWALD, 9th January, , 12

78 I Brithwold, 22nd January, . 31

13^ Britton, V. John, ist April, . 140 380 I Bbockbv, or Broiiev, V.Antony,

no, O.S.F., 19th July. . . 347

44

690

MENOLOGY*.

PACE

Bkouholm, 01 Bkohlev, V.

Edward, 4th August, . . 379 Beooks, V. Ferdinuid, or HUGH

Gkkkn, igth August, . . 400

BiowN, V, WfUiam, 5th Sept., , 436 Bryanch, same as Brenach, 6tb

April, 146

BUDOC, noday 311

BuLLAXER, V. Thomas, latb

October 490

BuKCHARD, znd February, . 47

BuRDiui, V, Edward, 2gth Nov., 571

BURiAs, no day, . . 516

Cadoc, Cathhabl, or Cattwg

Ddokth, Jjrd Januaiy, Cadwalador, i2th November, Cadwalauob, V. Roger, 27th

August, Cakdmon, no day, . Carlih, no day. Campion, B. Edmund, S.J., ist

December, . . Cahpiok, V. Edward, SJ., ist

October, Cahicb, or Kenneth, nth Oct. Canocus, same ss Cynog ab

Brycban. Cansfield, V. Brian, S.J., 37th

December, . . . . Carauoc, 14th April, . Cakantac, Caraknog, or Car-

VKTH, i6th May, Carey, V. John, 4ih July, . Carlihctom, or Cokbv, V.

Ralph, S.J., 7ih September, Carneth, same as Carantoc,

i6th May

Cartkr, V. William, nth Jan., Catkhrick, V. Edmund, 13th

April,

Cathmaui., the name as Cadoc

of Llancarvon,23id January, Caitwo DimtTii, same as Cadoc

of Llancarvon, 23rd January, Ckadwalla, King of Wessex,

aoth April, ....

33 535

416 61 95

575

469 488

609

158

III 307

439

an M

'55

33

33

PAGE

Cedd, and March, ... 95

Ceolfrid, 25th September, . 457

Ceollack, no day, . . 477

Ceolwulf, no day, ... 20 Cebnack, same as Carantacus,

i6th May, . . . .311

Chad, and March, ■ • ■ 97 Chined, same as Etined or Al-

meda.

Christiana, a4th July, . . 353

Christina, no day, . . . 562

CisSA, of Croyland, no day, . 153

Clarus, 4th November, . . 524

Claxtok, V. James, 28th Aug., 4ZI Cledog, Clodog, or Clydoc,

same as Clitancus. Clement, same as Willibrord,

7th November, . . . 528

Clbrk, V. Griffith, 8th July, . 324 Clitheroe, V. Margaret, asth

March 132

Coleman, V. Edward, 3rd Dec., 582

COUNS, John (note), . . . 168

CoLLRN, or GoLLEN, 2ifit May, . aai

Colmak, iSth February, . . 75

COMGALL, 271b June,. . . 291

Conard-Mern, same as Maine,

aist June 378

Conception, Immaculate, of

B.V.M., Sth December, . 5S8 CoNiNDRUS and Romulus, no

day, 609

CONiiTAULE, Benet, no day, . 301 CONSTANTIA, one of the 11,000

Virgins, 19th November, . 510

('ONSTANTINE, nth March, . ni

Cook, Lawrence, 4th August, . 379 Corby, V. Ralph, S.J., 7th

September, .... 439 COHDi'LA, one of the 11,000

Virgins. 22nd October, . 508 Cornelius, V. John, S.J., 4th

July 306

CORT, V. Thomas, O.S.F., 27th

Ju'y, 3<'^

COTTAM, B. Thomas, S.J., 3Qih

May, 244

INDEX.

691

PAGE

COTTOM, V. FtanciB, S.J., 18th

Febtuary, .... 90

Ckbdan, tgth Auguat,

(Jkoidan, 4th June, .

Ckokett, V. Ralph, iBt Oct., .

Ckow, V. Alexander, agth Nov.,

Crowthbk, ThomaB, no day, .

CuA, KiiiWA, Kywa, the ume as Kewe

CuBV, Kym, the same as Keby or Kebius

Cungab, or DocUNUS, 7lh Nov.,

CUNBRA, one of the 11,000 Vir- gins, i2th June, , .

CuTHBERT, Bishop, dep. aoth

March, trans. 4th Sept., iis> 435

Cdthbbrt, Aichbishop, sGth October, . .

CUTHBURGA and QUB.NBUKGA

3tst Au|;:ust, CUTHMAN, 8th February, . Cymubrt, Abbot, no day, . Cykibill, no day, . Cykderin, the same as Kenti<

gem, 13th Jannary, . CvNLLO, 17th July, , CVSTBTIN, same as Constantine,

nth March,

Dacan, diBcipie of St. Petroc

4th June, Dacan, same as Decuman

Decombe, 37th August, Dalby, or Uritry, V. Robert

i6th March, Dahiani's and Fuoatius (i

note)

Danibl, Bishop of Bangor, nth

September, . Davip, Bishop, 1st March, Davii>, at Glastonbury (i

note)

David, of Sweden, tsth July, Davies, B. John, Carthusian

no day, Davies, V. William, iist July, Dean, V. Williajn, 28tb August

399 254 47° 573 567

567

5^6 5^8

510

5»4

43 « 58

176 99

iS 345

254 414 iig

581

445 ga

203 340

i07

349 421

Di^coHBE, tame aa Decuman or

Dagan, i7ih August, . , 414

Decuman, Decombe, Dagan,

or DecbnaN, a/th August, . 414

Dbicola, or Deicul (in note), . 490

Deusdedit, or Frithona, 14th

J"'y 335

Devbreug, or Devebug, same as Dubritius, 14th Novem-

^f 538

Dbyniolen, 2ind November, . 561 DiunALE, V. Richard or Robert,

8th October, . . .481 DiccoNsOK, V. Francis, 30th

April, 188

DiccoNSON, V. Roger, 7th July, 333

Disglev, V. Thomas, lolh July, 329

Dochow, 15th February, . . 6g Docunus, the same aa Cungar,

jtb November, , . . 538

Dominica, or Drusa, no day, . aoa UoM NEVA, the same as Eimen-

burga, ig% November, . 557

Dovual, V, James, 13th August, 3g3

DoL-CLAs, V. George, gth Sept., 443

Drilix>, tjUi June, . . . 269

Dritkblm, no day, . . . 306

Drurv, V. Robert, 26th Feb., . 86 Dkury, or Dalsy, V. Robert,

i6th March, . . . iig Drusa, the same aa Dominica,

no day, .... aoa

DuBRiTius, 14th November, . 538

Ducket, V. James, igtfa April, 1G6

Dlchett, V. John, 7th Sept., . 438

UuKE, V. Edmund, 27th May, . 236

Dl'nstas, 19th May, . , 215 DvFAN, the same as Davianusor

DamianuB.

DVFRAN, 24th April, . . '77

Eata, a6th October, . . . 514

Eadfrid, 26th October, . . 514 Eaiigyth, the same as Edith,

iGth September, . , . 449 Eaiisin, Edsigf, or Edsius, 28th

October, .... 517

692

MENOLOGY.

PAGE

Ealsitka, the same as Eihel-

wida, 30th July, . 348 Eanplbda, no day, . . . 564 EANSWiDA,3iit August, . . 429 Ebba, the Elder, 35th August, . 411 Ebba, the Younger, and com- panions, 33rd August, . . 410 Eborii's, no day, ... 56 EcHA, EcHLA, or Etha, no day, 197 Edbert, Bishop, Gth May, 19S Edbbrt, King, 20th August, . 403 Eddurga, of Winchester, 13th

June, 269

Edburca, of Aylesbury, 18th

July 346

Edburca, of Minster- in- Thanet,

13th December, . . 599

Edgak, King, 8th JuLy, . 326 Edilhum, no day, . . -193 Ediltrudir, same as Etheldieda,

a3rd June 285

1-^iiiTH, of Poteswotth, igth July, 337

Edith, of Aylesbury, rSth July, 346

Edith, of Wilton, iSth Sept., . 449

Edith, of Tamworth (in note), . 338 Edmitnd, Martyr, 20th Novem- ber, trans, zgth April, 185, 559

Edmund, Archbishop, 16th Nov,, 547 EostCB, or Eds IDS, same as

Eadsin, 28th October,. . 517

Edward, Mart., i8th March, . 121 Edward, Confessor, dep. 5th

January, trans. 13th Oct., 4, 491

ElIWARE, with SiDWELI,, ist

August, . .375

Edwin, 12th October, . 487

Edwold, no day; . , 567

Egbert, Monk, 24th April, 179

Egbert, Abp., 19th November, . 55S

Egbert, ofCroyland, no day, . 153

Egdred, ofCroyland, no day, . 150 EalLNtriH, the same as Ethel-

noth, agth October, . 517

Egilwin, 29th November, . . 569

Egwin, 30th December, . . 615 EiLRic, or Alrick, same as

Godwin, no day, . . , 223

page Et.UATB, the same as Aldate,

4th February, . . -Si Eleth, or Eleth Frkinen,

loth November, . . . 533

Blerius, no day (in note], . . 523 Elgui'H ERICS, of Arce, agth

May 140

Elfegcs, of Croyland, no day, . 150

Elfleda, of Whitby, 14th Feb., 68 Elflrda, or Ethelfleda, of

Rumsey, 23rd October, .' jn

Elfleda, of Winchester, no day, 270 Elfreiia, Ethelfrida, Al- fred a, or Althrvda,

daughter of Offa, no day, . 221 Klfstan, the same as Elstan,

&th April, .... 145 Elgar, no day, . . . .268 Elgiva, MLOirv, or A1.CIVA, of

Shaftesbury, i8th May, . aij

_Eliad, the same aa Teilo, . . 60

Elian ap Eruin, 13th January,. 18

Eli'Heue, the Elder, 12th March, 115 Elvhf.ge, or vtLFHF.AH, Mart.,

19th April, trans. 8th June, 165, 261 Elstan, same as Elfstan, 6th

April 145

Elvan and Meowin (in note), . 381 Emerita, with Lucius, 3rd

December 580

EupsoN, Thomas, 4th August, . 379

EngeLUUND, 2I8t June, . . 279

EoBAN, companion of St. Boni- face, 5th June, . . .258

Ekbin, 29th May, . , . 240

Erconuota, aoth February and

7th July, . . . 79,319

Ekkonwald, dep. 30th April,

trans. 14th November, 187, 538

Ermeniiurga, or Douneva,

19th November, . , . 557

Ermengvtha, 30th July, . , 369

Ekme.vilda, dep. 13th February,

trans. t7th October, . 67, 501

Errington, V. George, 2gth

November, .... 571

Eskill, no day 267

INDEX.

693

I'AGE

KsTBRWiKK, 7th March, . 106

Etiia, the ume as Echa, no day, 197 Ethbin, 19th October, . . 503 EniKL&KKT, King, Confatsor,

a4th February, ... S3 ETiiEi.RERTand Ethelrko, 17th

October 498

Ethrlbert, M., of East Anglia,

30th May, .... izo Ethelbusga, or Tate, of

Lyming, no day, . . 144 Etmelburca, of FaremoutierE,

7th Juty, .... 310 Ethrlrukcia, of Barking, nth

October 4S5

ETUici.BrRGA, wife of Ina, no

day 44'

Ethrldrrua, Eciii.'L'rt'dis, or

Al'Drv, dep. ijid June,

trans. 17th October, . 185, 500 ETHELFLEriA, same an Elfleda

of Rumsey, a3rd October, . 511

ETIleLFREDA, Et.FKEDA, AL-

FREUA, or Altiirvda, no day xai

ETHEt.GI\'A, or j-KTHELr.lKl', of

Shaftesbury, gth December, 590

Ethelhilda, Abbess, no day, . 193

Etheliiii.Ua, of Winton, no day, 170 Ethklina, or Eudki.mk. txth

February, .... 74

ETHELNOrU. or E'HI.NOT)!. 2gth

October, . ■ 5'7

Ethelkeo, 4th May,. . . 195 Kthelrvp and Eihbliiert,

17th October, . 498

Bthelwau>, or Oidiwalu, Her- mit, 13rd March, ■ . 130 Ethei.wiua, or Eai^itha, zoth

July. 348

Ethei.Win, Bishop of Lindsey,

3"' May 193

EthklwoI-D, Bishop of Winton,

1st August,. . , - 375 Ethoi, (tf Chertsey, noday, . 151 EUDELU, or Etueusa, i8ih

February, .... 74

PACK

Evans, V. Philip, S.J., land

July 3SI

Eve, same as Weda.

EVKRiUiis, 9th July, , . 318

EwAi.D, or (Iewali>, 3Td Oct., . 473 ExMEW, B. William or Thomac,

Carthusian, iSlh Jane, . 174

FARSi.v<;noN, V. Hugh, 14th

November 541

Featiierstone, B. Richard,

30th July 370

Felix, 8th March, . . . loS

Fei.ton, B, John, 8th August, ■ 386

Fei.ton, V. Thomas, 28th Aug., 431

Fenn, V. James, izth February, 65 Fkswick, V. John, S.J., aoth

June, 376

Filbie. B. William, 30th May, . 143 Fii^ocK, V. Robert, S,J., a7th

February, .... 87

FiNAM. 17th February, 73

Finch, V. John, 30th April, . 170 FiNDRAR, the same as Finian or

Winnin, loth September, . 443

FlSi'.AR, orGuiCNER.andPlALA,

14th December, . . 600

Fivni.ow, V. John, 8th August, 387 Finian, same as Findbar or

Winnin, loth September, . 443

FiNNiAN, of Clonaid, nth Dec., 597 Flaccus Alrinis, the same as

Alcuin, igth May, . 319 Fi.ATHERS, V. Matthew, 31st

March 138

Fisher, B. John, land June, . 2S3 Florbntin'a, one of the 11,000

Virgins, 6th December, . 510 Flower, or Wav, V. William,

23rd September, . . 456

Flower, V. Richard, 30th Aug., 437

Kuu.AS, 31st October, . . 519

Kokde, B. Thomas, 28th May, . 138 FoRE-HT, B. John, O.S.F., aind

May 336

FORTEScrE, V. Adrian, loth

July, 3^9

694

MENOLOGY.

PAGE

Fmuan, noday, . 310 Fkanciscan Martyrs, agtb

July 368

FREBUAN.V.William, 13th Aug., 393

Fkbmund, iitb Ma.y, . . 307 Fridbswidb, dep. igth Octobei,

trans. lath February, . 63, 503 Frithbbbrt, Bishop of Hex- ham, a3rd December, . 606 Frithona, the same as Deus-

dedit. 14th July, . . .335

Frithestane, loth September,. 444 Fvoativ's and Damianus, or Phaoanits and Diruvianus (in notes), . . . 203, 5S1

FPLK, 2and May, . 214

FULTHERING, V. John, lat Aug., 377

FULTHOKPE, V, Edward, 4th

July 308

Fl'rsev, ibth January, . . 21

Gardiner, B. Termyn, 7th Mar., 107

Gari.ick, V. Nicholas, 14th July, 354

Garnet, V. Thomas, a3rd June, 286 Gavah, Gawen, 01 Green, V.

John, S.J., 20th June, 277

Grmncs, V. Edmund, loth Dec., 590

Gemngs, Darby, 4(h August, . 380 Genocus, or UOORNOCHUS, no

day 164

Gbnson, V. David, ist July, . 298

Georgk, Mart., 23[d April, . 177

Gerald, loih March, log

Gerard, V, Miles, 30th April, . 18S

Grrar J, of Gallinaio, April, . 184 German, 3iai July, . .372 Gbrvask, V. George, O.S.B.,

I ith April 154

Ginso.v, V. William, 2gth Nov., 571 GiLnBRT, of Sempringham, 4th

February 52

Gilbert, or Tiluert. Sth April, 149

Gii.D is, the Elder, no day, 33, 40, 303 GlLDAS, the Younger, or Anru-

Rl>, 19th January and aSth

September, . • > 39, 4^

GiSTIUAN, 4th March, . . too

face Gladys, wife of Gundleus, no

day, 136

Glastonbury, Relics at (in

note) 200

Goodman, John, ist February, . 45

GoLDWKLii Bishop of SL Asapb, 465

Gollen, or Collen, aist May, . 221

GoDRiCK, 2ist May, . . . 222 Godwin, the same as Eilric or

Alric, no day, . . 394 Godwin, Bishop of Rochester,.

no day, .... 456

GoNERi, 18th July, . . . 346 Grata and Gregoria, of the

1 1,000 Virgins, 34th Dec, . 510

Green, V. Hugh, 19th August, . 400 Green, V. John, S.J., same as

Gavan or Gawan, 30th June, 277 Gkeen, or Reynolds, V,

Thomas, 2iit January, . 30 Greenway, or Green, B.

Thomas, Carthusian, no

day 207

Greenwood, B. Thomas, Car- thusian, no day, . . . 207 Gregorja and Grata, of the

11,000 Virgins, 24th Dec., . 510 Gregory the Great, lath

March, -113

Urecory, of Einsiedeln, 13th

November, . , . , 537

Orihbald, Sth July, . . . 325

Grihoald, 29th September, . 240

Ukimston, V. Ralph, rsth June, 270

Grissold, V. Robert, i6th July, 344

Grossteste, Robert, gth Oct., , 483

Grove, V. John, 24th January, . 34 Gu^Noi.fi, the same aa Win-

waloc, 3rd March, . . 99 GWENOG, the same as Wenog,

3rd January, ... 3

GuETHKNOC, 3th July, . 310

GuEVRocK, or Keric, r7th Feb., 73

GCDWAL, 6th June, . . i;8

GviER, with Neot, 3t8t July, , 373 Gl'igner, the same as Fingar,

13th December, . , , 600

INDEX.

695

PACE

CUITHR.IN, no day, ... 56

ClfRVAL, 00 day, . ^59 GuNDiCAK,conip.of St Boniface,

no day 358

OVNDLKUS, GWTLLTW, WOOL-

LOS, 99th March, . . 136 GVNTKR, V. William, 18th

August 420

GUNTHIRXN, 3rd July, . . 305

GUTKLAC, nth April, . 153

GwBN, or Blanchr, noday, . 310 GwiNFREUi, the lame as Wine-

frid, 3rd November, . 533 GwvLLYw, fiame as Gundleus

oc W00II0S. agth March, 136

Hackshott, V. Thomas, 24th

August, . 4i>

Maile. B. John, 4th May,. . 196

Haublev, V. John, aoth July. . 349

Hamilton, N., no day, . 567 Hamlnii, camff, of St. Bonibce,

no day, . *5S

Hansk, B. Everaid, 31st July, , 373 Harcovbt, V. William, aoth

June, 376

Hakdkstey, V. Robert. 24th

September, .... 457

HaRDULI-H, no day, . . 404 Hakkinuto.n, V. William, i6th

February, .... 77

Harris, John, 3oih July, , , 370 Harrison, V. James, aand

March, .... laQ

Hakt, B. William, 15th March, 118 Hartley, V. William, 5th

October, -475

Hatdock, V. George, 12th Feb., 64 Hbath, V. Henry, O.S.F., i7(h

April, 163

H BDD a r of Peterborough, noday, 150 Hedlia, Bishop, 7th July, . .319

Helen, Widow, 18th August, . 397

HELitiR, i6th July, . . 343 HiMEKFORD, V. Thomas, lath

February 65

HSNKY, of Cocltet, 16th January, 11

PACK

Hbnrt, of Upsal, 19th Jannaiy, 27 Henry VI., King, aand May, . 335 Henry, of Bloia, 6th Augiut, , 383 Hbraclius, 3iit June, . 383 Hrrbaud, the same as Here- bald, nth June, ... 368 IIkkk^kT 20th March, . . 137 Hbrebald, the same aa Her-

baud, tith June, . . 365

Herebali) (innotc), . . . aoi

HsREFRiD, no day, . . 526

HsRRiwiTHA, 3rd September, . 435

Hbrni.s, 15th September, . . 446

Hkrst, V. Richard, agih Aug., . 4S5

HXWALD, or EWALD, the tWO

Brothers, 3rd October, . 473

Hilda, 17th November, . . 551 HiEKARCHY Rbstorru, agth

September 4*5

[I1BU no day 454

[ltLj)ei.[t),a4lh March, . . 131

H11.U V. Kichaid, ijih May, . 236

Ifonsos, V Sydney, loth Dec., 593

Hog, V. John, a7th May, . . 236 Hoi.i-TiRD. or Acton, Ven.

Thomas, aSth August, . 430 Holland, V. Thomaa, aj., i*th

December 397

Holy DAY, V. Richard, 37th

May 236

HoNORius, Archbishop, 30ih

^cplembei, . . . 467 Ito^ORlt'S, Heimii. with Justi-

MAN noday, . ■ ■ 585

HORNE, B. William, 4th August, 379

HoRNE, Giles. 41I1 August, . 380

Horner, V. Nicholas, 4th Mai , 101

Horner. V, Kichaid, 4lh Sept. 435 Houghton, B. John, Carthusian,

4th May 193

Howard. V. Philip, igth Oct, . 505 Howard, V. William, 39th

December G13

HuBRiroN, noday, . . . iio Hudson, or Thompson, V.

James, 28th November, . 568

HuETiiitERCHT, noday, . . 459

^^^^^^^^^^^^^MHNO^S^^^^^^^^^^^H
	eMiB	I'AUK ^M
^^M UlVllithc MineuMacdocjist		John ^^cotus Eviurna, no day H
	4i
^H Hugh, In&nt Mwt., J7th Aug.,	4'J	JoHU, V. Edward, Otb May, . 199 H
^H Htii;il. Bifibop. iTih November.	SS*	Junes, V. John, O.S.F., I9tb H
^^B Hl'kiikht, noday.	566
^^1 UtJUFIIRET, V. Lawrence, no		JoiiNsoK, B, Robert, 28th May, 139 H
^H (lay	604	Johnson. B. Thotna*, Curthn- H
^^B Mi;ka, ijlhFcbruafy,	67	Ki&n, no day, , 107 ^M
^^1 HuvT, V. ThurUui, 3i»t March,	138	Jo»riioFAKi)UTi[EA(in note), loj H
^^M llu.sT, V. Thomu, nth July, .	330	jonSK. at Jovrs, the Mine as H
^^M ) Ivr.n.M.ii, tSili ScrEcmbec,	45 «	Judoc, train, titb Januofy, H
^^U llvivot, ihe nunc ai Uvgi.		dcpoc. Ejth December, 9^ 599 H JVDOC, same a* Jokac 01 Joyce, ^M
^H lLl.8HF.RE, comp. of Si. BOfli'		tians. Sih January, depoi. H
^^H Face, no day.	asS	I3ih Decembet, . 0. SM H
^^1 Iltl't, 7th July,	316	JPt.lV'b and Aaro>-, lyth June, . 193 H
^H INA and I^TiEKi-iiCKCA, no day, .	440	JuRMtK, 13rd February. . . 81 H
^^B lNi'Ki<.-Ti'i, 8ih May,	aoo	JijyriNiAM. 5ih December. . 585 H
^^B iKi.t.KHV, V. i'riuicit, 3rd June, ,	253	Jvms, 10th November, . .534 H
^^1 Ingram, V. John, ajih July,	3S8	JliTtlWAKK, ttans. I3lh July H
^H Ireland, V. WiUUm, S.J., i^ch		(with Siowiuj.), Itt Aug., jjl. 375 H
	34	H
^^B Irki.aso, V. John, no iky.	loA	Kakaktot, ifith Jinuaiy, . at H
^H Utel. Ihc aotnc an Lull, i6lh		KkuiI''^ the umc U KyhJ, 6ih H
^H Oct»boi	495	November 596 ^M
^^M ItUAtl^ l6llljml^ ,	»7'	KsMiii-K. V.John, iind AuguM, 409 H
^^^H IssKR>:iNus, with Auxiufs and		Kknklm, 17th July. . -345 H
^^^^B Sbcundinv*, no day, .	5«7	Kkniiiiekx, ijch January, iS H
^^^1 iTItAKAR, loihjune.	a04	KHKirK 01 Oakvkock, 17th H
^^M Ivo, translation 24ih April„	tSo	I'ebfuory '^ 1 KiRRAN, the name a« Piron, jth H
^H jACtT, or jAc:r, sih July, .	310	Maicli, ■ toi H
^^B JaMHMIT, or I^UBKRT, K^		Kiowa, or Kkwb. Sth Pcbiuaiy, 58 ^M
	390	KiKBY, 8. Luke, joth May, . 143 H
^^m jAMKs/Ucuon, noday, .	jew	KiRKKUAN, D. Kicbard, aand H
^^1 Jawiu, V. Edwaid. ist October,	47°	Augu»( 407 H
^H JAUU. V. Kogcr, I4ih Nov.,	541	KB^^E^tl, oi Canici, nth H
^^B Jki-i'kr, no day.	367
^^1 Javax, and Match, ,	<»	Kr.'^HKD, 01 COKNBEU, Xing of H
^^1 Joti\ or liKVP.Rtev, dep^ 7th		Meicta. nu day. . Gol ^M
^^B May, inutm. ajih OcL, aoo	.JI4	Kryna, Hth October, . 479 ^M
^H John or BBiDLiNtiinK, oih		KKtGiiT. V. William, iQih ^M
^^1 Oclobcr, ....	■t«'	November. .... $71 ^M
^^1 JOKM t>l' L)AtUKKl:V, )lti Jan, .	3	KvDl, or Kkmt, Oth November,. 526 H
^H JOBM OF M.U.UB£BCaV, 00 djiy		KvNEBiritcA, tih March, . . 103 ^M
^^H ^in note), ....	81	Kvi'BM'RKDA, perhaps name as ^M
^H JoiiM CH ■ Saxom, no day,	111	KynctxitKa {in note). .■ 104 H

INDEX.

69;

KvKKSwinA, 6th Htrefa, . 103

t.ACV. V. Brian, loth Decnnber, 593

LJkur, D. William, iind Auguit. 406 Lamiikkv, the Name u Jftmbcrti

titli AuguHi, . . . 390

Lam)*i.kv, V, Willitun, no day, . jSS

LAMrrov, V.Jowph, 17th July, 363

LANrKA^ii:, 14th May, . U^ l.\K>;uo»nj V. Richvd, 14th

July. 336

Ljimkk, D. John, 7th March, . 107

L^Tiiom, or Almi:m>, 6th ReC, sSfi

L.AWi>o<i, aui January, . iS Lawrknck, Atchbisliop, 2nd

Pebniuy, . . . . ^ Lawrbkc^ B. Robert, Corthu-

bian, 4th May, . , , 145 hr.Kyv.txv., or Lkbi/in, i«h

Novembct, ■ . ■ , 535 Lkbuink, or Lkafwink, nth

November, , . . , 535 Lefkona, AbbeiR of Min»er,

"(xJay 4S4

Lkigii, V, Richard, jolh Aug,, , 417

LSONORItr^. lit July, . . 397 Lmtark, or Ll'i l>KARi>, 7lh

May. 30O

Lin-i*<o.-<, FrancU, O.S.V., iiU>

Pcbni&iy, . . ,' . 63 LitwisA, aslhjuly. . . -357 Lbwis, V. Daifid, S.J., or

ClIARI.KS lUKRR, ITlh

Aogiist, . . . .417

LiBlO, i»ih Fchruary, . . BR

t.iri-KAKi), 4ih February, . 51

Una, no day 310

LiHB, V. Annr, i7ih February, . 86 LiouA, LioiicmiA, or 'I'Rimi-

nEBA. aSih September, . 460 LiOHOvTH*, name ** Lioba, iSih

Sericmber 460

l.tOS, V. John, i6ih July. . . 343

LLO%'n, V.John, jinti July, . 35a

Llovd, William. 37ih Aueust, , 417

LOCKWOOD. V. John, Ijlti April, 153

Lown, V. JohD, Wh October, . 4V0

MOIt

LumiiAKU, or Ijitaiiii, 7th

May at«

LKniJkM, V. Boberl. antli July, . 35s LuNAtKR, (H I.EONoarrx, id

July ajff

Lwcits, 3'"^ December, . 579

LULl., leih October, . '495

Lkcv, one ofihe 1 1,000 Virgin*.

a3rd November, . .510

Maccaldus, Bttme as Maughold,

no day 609

Maciiitih, Mme as. Malo, isth

November 541

MACioti, name as Malo, 15th

November 34'

MabpuC, Aii>f5, AinAS, or

Hui;ii, 3i«l January, . 41

Maauiirx, a^th October, . . jiz MAitO»y, V. ChailcH, O.S.F,,

lath Auguit, , 39a

Maidoc, a8ih FobTua«7, . ■ B8 Main, MltKN, CosARD-MttN.

ot MKVKNMiis, am June, . ayS Maikk, B, Cuthben, aglh Nov., J70 MAirutii.P, MAiori.F, or Mti-

DttuM, no day, . ■ . 314 Maikk. V. N., 8ih July, . . jaj MAt.Giirs. of Linmorc. no day, . Ooa MALO, MAaOM,Oi( MACHVII''^

5(1i November, , . . 541 Maijl'II., the tnme as Maughold,

no day fxx)

MAn<:»iK.i.M, of Davcnict, i^ih

July 33S

MARnK». V. William, ajtb

April 183

Uakcarki, depoc 16th Novem- ber, IcM. lothjune, aG4, m3 Makkakiit and AucK, no

Joy 394

MARIIN, V. Richard, jerth Aug., 4*7 MARrVRi:, I-IV., 4ih May, 194

Marttm of Uaikinn, noday, . 151 MARTVRsof i^hcritcy. no day, . 151 MakTvr^ under Diocletian, no

day I

698

MENOLOGY.

PACK

Martyrs in Eastern Countiea,

no day, , . . ,150

MASTVits in Kent, no day, . 454

Macd, Queen, 30th April, . . 187

MADGOLD, HACCALDCS, MACiCL-

Dus, o( Maquil, no day, . 609

Maxfield, V. Thooiaa, itt July, 398

Medan, 4U1 June, . 354

Medwin and Elvan (In note), . 581 M€kk, same aa Maine, aist

June, 178

Mkl, 6th February, ... 55 MxLANlus, or Mellon, 3and

October, .... 510

Melangxll, 3iBt January, . 41 Meliorus, Melorus, or Melo-

Rics, iBt October, . 468 MsLORins, Mrliorus, or Melo- rus, 1st October, . . 468 Mellitus, a4th April, . 178 Mellon, same as Melanius, sand

October, . ,510

Merwinna, 13th May, aog

Mbrewald, no day, . . . 5G3

Mkcgan, afith September, . 457 MEVENNirs, the same ae Maine,

2ist June, .... 378

Mewrog, 25th September, . 457 MlCO, V. Edward, S.J., ard

December 583

MtDAN, 30th September, . . 466 Ml DOLE TON, V, Antony, 6th

May, 199

MiDDLETON, V. Robert, 31st

March 138

MlDDLEMORB, B. Humphrey,

i8th June, .... 374

MlLBDKGA, 33rd February, 81

MiLDCVTK, 17th January, . . 34 MiLDRsn, 13th July, 30th Feb.,

I8th May, . . 79, 315, 332

Milker, V. Ralph, 7th July, , 333

MocHTEVS, 19th September, . 452

Mod-Patrick (in note), . . 203

MODONNOC-K, DOHNOCK, or

Dominic, 13th February, . 66

Modwenna, 5th July, . . 309

PACE

MoGENOCUS, same as Genocus,

18th April 164

Mohun, same as Comelins, 3rd

July. 306

MoLiNEUX, same as Almond, 6th

December 567

Momford, same as BedingGetd,

3lst December, , 6oj

Moor, V. Hugh, 38lh August, . 419

More, B. Thomas, 6th July, . 314

Morgan, V, Edward, 26th April, 183

MoRtiE, V. Henry, S.J., ist Feb., 44

Morton, V. Robert, aSth Aug., 419

MuNDBN, V. J^n, 13th Feb., . 64

MuscoTT, George, 34tb Dec, . 607

Nappihr, V. George, 9th Nov., 533

Nbctas, 17th June, . ■ . 373

Nelson, B. John, 3rd February, 50 Neot, 31st July, .373 Newdigatb, B. Sebastian, 18th

June, 374

Newport, V. Richard, 30th M^, 245

NlcoLS, V. George, 5th July, . 311 Nigrton, same as Nectan, 17th

June 373

NiNiAN, leih September, . . 448

NiN.NOc, 4th June, . , . 353

NoNNiTA, or NONNA. 3rd MaTch, gS

NONHA, or NoNNiTA, 3rd March, 95

Norton, V. John, 9th August, . 388

NoTHRLM, 17th October, , 501

Nutter, V. John, I3th Feb., . 66

NvTTER, V. Robert, 26th July, . 359

OuGBR, loth September, . 104, 443 Odo, Abbot, no day, . . -117 Opo, Archbishop, 3nd June, . sji Oon.iA, one of the 11,000 Vir- gins, i8th July, , , , 510 Odulph, 13th June, . . . 263 Offa, King of Essex, no day, . 600 OiDiWALo, or Ethklwald, 23rd

March 130

Olcanus, 13th April, . . 164 Oldcornr, V, Edward, S.J-, 7th

April 148

INDEX.

699

PAGB

Onion, V. William, t4th Nov., . 541 OSBALDISTDH, V. Edward, iCith

November, . OSBUKCA, no day, OsiTH, V.M., 7th October, OsiTM, of Trentall, no day, Osmund, Test. 17U) July, depot.

4ih December, . . 345. 5^3 OsTKTTHA, Queen, no day, Oswald, M,, sih Augu«t, . Oswald, Bishop, 28th February, OswiN, M., pass, aoth August,

Irons, nth March, 110, 40I

OsWY, King, 15th February, 69

OmtiD, tame as Edfrid or Ft

IVid, 16th October, OUDACEttS, 2nd July, Owen, 3rd March, , OWBN, V. Nichola^ S.J., 3rd

May,

550 137 477 3'o

193

381

89

5'4 30a

99

"94

Paternus, 15th

Padokn, or

April, 159

Fagb, V, Antony, aoih April, . 171 Pack, V. Franci^ S.J,, 20th

April, 171

PAtLASORF.,V,Thoma»,9thAug., 388 Pandonia, or Pasdwysa, 26th

August 413

Pakdwviia, or Pamk)nia, 26th

August .413

Patbnson, V. William, 23nd

January, .... 31 PATEHSun, or Padakn, isth

April, trans. 23rd Sept., 159, 455

Patrick, 17th March, FAULiNts, loth October, , Patne, B. John, 2nd April, Fbga, 8th January, . Pktrii, Abbot, bth January, PkrIS, nth December, Petroc, 4th June, . PHACANUii and Diruviancs

(in note), , Philips, or Phii.pot, V

Clement, 4th August, , PlALA, with Fim:ar, 13th Dec.,

120

484 140 8 6 595 '54

203

379 600

PACK

Prsusit, V. John, i8ih Feb., , 77 PiCKKRiNG, V. Thomas, O.S.B.,

gth May 305

Pierson, B, Walter, Cartfauian,

no day 207

Pikes, V. William, no day, , 6oe P1L.CHARD, V. Thomas, aiM

March 118

PiRAN, Kiikan, or QuERANrs,

8th March, .... 101 Plahtacbnet, B. Margaret,

28th May 237

Pi-ASDEN, V. Polydore, loth

December 593

Plrciirlh, 15th July, . 003, 340 PLEr.Mi'ND, or Pleimund, 2nd

August 378

Plkimuni), or Plbgmund, and

August 378

PLESsiNRTOit, V. William, igth

July 348

Plum TREE, B. Thomas, 4th

January, .... 3 Pli'NKkt, V. Oliver, ist July, . 230 P01.E, Reginald, 18th November, 555 Poole, Edward, no day, . . 567 Postdate, V, Nicholas, 7th

August 385

PoRTMORE, or PORRMOKT, V.

Thomas, 20th February, , 79 Pol de Leon, 12th March, . 113 PoWKL, V. Phillip, 30th June, . 295 PowEl.p B. Edward, 30th July, . 370

PSALMODIUS, 15th July, . . 339

Prichard, V, Humphrey, 5th

July, 3"

Primael, i6th May, . . . 211

QVESBl'RliA, with CUTHBUSCA,

3iBt August, . .43'

QfERANUs, same as PIran, 3th

March, .103

RAsiPHrs and Ravennus, 23rd

July 35a

RivvENMs and Rasinii's, 33rd July. 35a

^>>

MENOLOGY.

Rawlins, V. Alexander, 7th

April, 146

Redvng, B. Thomas, Carthu-

Bian, no day, , 207 Relic Sunday, .... 324 Restitdtus, no day, ... 56 Revnolds, B. Richard, Bridget- tine, 4th May, . . . ig6 Rkeanus, or RiAN, 8th March, . 108 RiAN, or Rhganus, 6th March, . 108 Rich, Thomas, no day, . . loS Richard, of Andria, gth June, . 363 Richard, of Hampole, 39th

September, .... 461

Richard, the Sacrist, no day, . 38

Richard, of ALdnest, no day, . 38

Richard, of Vaucelles, 23th Jan. 38 Richard, of Chichester, 3rd

April, 141

Richard, King, 7th February, . $6 Richardson, B. Lawrence, 30th

May 244

Richardson, V. William, iTih

February, .... 74

RicHtryth, nth November, . 535

RiGBV, V.John, list June, . 280

RtsHV, John, no day, 108

Robert de Betun, i6(h April,. 159 Robert, of Newminster, 7th

June, . ... 260 Robert Flower, of Knarea.

burgh, no day, . . • 3Io Robert, Infant Martyr, 35th

March '3*

Roberts, V. John, O.S.B., loth

December 593

Robinson, V, John, 4th October, 474 Robinson, V. Christopher, 19th

August 400

ROCH, V. John, 30th August, . 4*7 Kochrstkr, B. John, Carthu- sian, nth May, . - .207 Roe, V. Bartholomew, O.S.B.,

3ist January, ... 30

Roger, of Elan, 4th January, . 2 RoMVLUS and Conindrus, no

day 6og

RONAN, RUAN, or RlTMOK, 30th

August 427

RowsHAM, V. Stephen, 31st

March, , . .138

Rdan, Ronan, 01 RiTMOK, 30th

August 4«7

RrDLAD, 4th September, . . 435 Ruffin and Wulfhad, 24tb

July, 354

RucG, V. John, 14th November, 541 RiTHON, RuAN, or KoNAN, 30th

August 4*7

RvMWALD, 38th August, . . 419

Sadwrn, or Saturninus, 39th

November 369

Saints, All, 1st November, . 521

Salmon, V. Patrick, 4th July, . 307 Salt, B. Robert, Carthusian, no

day, 207

Sai.vius, 26th June, . . . 29t

Samson, 38th July, ... 364

Sandys, V. John, i ith August, 389 Saturninus, or Sadwrn, 29th

November, .... 369 Sate VOL A, or Si dwell, ist

August 375

Savisus, of Croyland, no day, . 150

Sawyl, 15th January, . . 20

Scothin, 2nd January, . . 2 Scot, V. William, O.S.B., 30th

May 245

ScoiT, V. Momford, and July, . 30+ Scirehald, comp. of St. Boni-

face, no day, . ■ 258 ScRYVEN, B. Thomas, Carthu.

sian, no day, . . . 307

Sebbi, a9ih August, . . . 424 Secundinus, with AuxiLius

and Isserninus, noday, . 587 Seoretia, noday, . . .110

Sen-Patrick (in note), . 203

Serai'ion, 14th November, . 539 Sergkant, V. Richard, 20th

Apiil 171

Sethrvda, loth January, . 13 Beth WIN, of Croyland, no

day 150

INDEX.

701

PAGE

ScxBVicA, dep. 6th July, trans.

17th October, . . 313, 501 Shf.LLev, V. Edward, 30th

August, . . . .4^7

Shbrt, B, John, 28th May, . 339

Sherwine, B. Ralph, ist Dec., . 577 Sheuwood, B. Thomas, 7th

February 57

SiBURCis, 36th June, . . igi

SlUWELL, SetkVOLA, or SlTllE-

Fl'U V St August, . . 375

SlcEBKUT KinE.asth January. . 35

SiGFRiD, Abbot, 22nd August, , 404

SiCFRID, Bishop, tjth February, 70 SiUN Sn.UN, or Su'lies, ist

Sqitember .... 433

SiMOX Stock i6lhMay, . . sia

Sisi;i ztos. James, no day, . 108 Sjtiiefiti-i.V, same as Sidwell,

iBt August, . . . .375

SlaIie, V. John, 30th October, . 518

Skow, V. Peter, 15th June, . 270 Socrates and Stei'iies, 17th

Sci^ttmbcr . . ■ -45'

Sow, ot Sous, 3rd December, . 58a

SoMriiR. V. Thomas, 10th Dec., . 59+ SoLTiiEKKE, V. William, 30th

April 188

Soi'THWELL, V. Robert, S.J.,

2lst February, ... 80 SouTHwoBTH, V. John, 78th

June, . . . -39*

Speed, V. John, 4th February, , 53 Spessku, V. William, J4th

September 456

Spuott, V. ThomaB, nth July,. 330

Stf.piies, noday, ... 56

Stephen IIaiiihsi;, 17th April, 161 Stephen and Socrates, 17th

September 45'

Stisan, same a» Justinian, 5th

December 585

Stosb, B. John, no day, . . 3»8

Stouet, B. John, iBt June, . 149 Stuassham, V. Edward, aist

January, .... 29

Stuart, Queen Mary, 8th Feb., 6g

SVGAii, V. John, l6th July, . 343

PAGS

Si'iDBEBT, Bishop, iBt March, . 93

SuiDBEKT, of Dacre(in note), . 94

Si'inBKRT, of Verden (in note), . 94 S(;UAN, SuLiKN, or Siun, l«t

September 43^

St;niuA!<, of Bcnet Hulme, no

day. . . . . 151 Sutton, V. Robert. PrieU, a7th

July -363

Sutton, V. Robert. Layman,

jth October. ... 476 SwOLLOWELL, V. George, 26th

July 359

SwiTHiN, depoe. and July, trans.

15th July, . . .303, 338

SvKES, V. Edmund. 13rd March, 130

SVMPSON, V. Richard, 24tfa July, 355

Talbot. V. John, 9th August, . 388 Tate, same aa Ethelburga of

Lyming, no day, . . 144 TATHAf. Tathar. or Atheus.

ifith December, . . . C08 Tathar, same as Tathci, 36th

December 608

Tatwis. 30th July, . .369

Tatwinr, o( Croyland, no day, . 153

Taylor. V, Hugh, a6th Nov., . 566

Teiuj. or Thbliau, gth Feb., . 60 Tknenan, or TlNiKEK, i6tb

July, . - . . ■ 341

Tetta, no day, .... 462

fHAScKMi, of Thoiney no day, 151

Thkcla, 15th October . . 493

THELiAUjOrTKiLO, gth Feb, . 60 Theodore, Archbishop, I gth

September 45»

Theouork, of Croyland, no day, 150

Theokia (in note), . . 5'3 Thirkell, B. Richard, »gth

May 341

Theriuiika, or Tprchgyd,

26th January, ... 36 Thomas, M., conscr, 3rd June,

return ind December, pass.

29th December, trans. 7th

July, . 252, 579, 610, 322

Thomas, of Dover, no day, . 605

702

MENOLOGY.

PACE

Thomas, of Hererord, and Oct, 471

Thorxe, V. John, 14th Nov., . 541 Thompson, or Hudson, B,

Jame«, iSth Novembei, . 568 Thomson, B. William, aoth

April 171

Thorp, V. Robert, jist May, , 147 Thru Viecins and Maktvrs,

of tbe 11,000, 17th May, . 509

Thulis. V. John, i8th March, . «3

Thwing, V, Edward, a6tb July, 360

Thwjng, V. Thomas, ajrd Oct., 511

TiBBA, 6th March, ... 105 TiCHBURNX, V. Thomas, S.J.,

aoth April, . . ■ - i7< TiCHBtJKNi, V. Nicholas, 24th

August 4it

TiCEBNAKE, 4th April, . 144

TiLBERT, or Gilbert, 8th April, 149 TOKCHGYH, or Theobigitha,

26th January, ... 36

TiNiN«B,orTEXiNAN, i6thjuly, 341

.Tobthked, of Thorney, no day, 150 Tosii, same as Bartholomew,

24th j-une 287

Tova, of Thomey, no day, . 151

Travkiis, V John, 30th July, . 369 Thuthgitha, same aa Lioba,

28lh September . . .460

Thi-mwih, no day. . - ■ 54

TrDA, i*tli Pebruary . ■ 7*

T(igdi.'al, 30th November, . 571

TVNSTAL,V. Thomas, 13th July, 333 TUKNBIi, V, Anthony, S.J., 2lsl

June 277

Tyssbl, Tyssilio, or UvssiLio,

8th November, . . .53'

UuKiD, 18th January, . . 24

UlkicK, 20th February, . . 79

Ulbh:k, of Croyland, no day, . 150

Ui.TAH, 2nd May, . . . igs

UltSUl.A ANIl COMIMNIONB, 2IBt

October 508

Vaux, Lawrence, no day, . ■ 567 Vial, Vitalis, or Viau, 16th

October 494

pagb Vitalis, Vial, 01 Viau, i6tb

October, . . , . 494 ViAC, Vial, or Vitalis, i6th

October, .... 494

VoDENUS, no dAy, ... 56

VuLCAMius, 3rd November, . 524

Waccab, comp, of St. Boniface,

no day, .... 25S

Walburga, asth February, . S4

Wall, V. John. O.S.F., 22nd

August, .... 407

Wallenvs, same as Waltheof^

glh August, . . . 387

Walpolk, V. Henry, S.J., 7th

April, -147

Walstan, 30th May, ■ 242

WALTBli, Comp. of St. Boniface,

no day 258

Waltheof, gth August, . .,387

Walworth, B, James, Carthu- sian, nth May, . , 207

Wabcop, V. Thomas, 4th July, 308

Ward, V Miugaiet, joth Aug., 428

Ward, or Websteb, V. William,

sOihJuly, . . . 360

Watebson, V. Edward, 7 th

January, .... 7

Watkinson, V. Thomas, 31st

May, 247

Watkisson, V, Robert, &J.,

20th April I7r

Watson, Bishop of Lincoln, . 465

Way, or Flower, V. William,

23rd September, . . 456

Wrbley, V. Henry, 28th Aug., 491

Weblby, V. Thomas, 6th July, 316

Wkbste]^ Q. Augustine, Car- thusian, 4th May, , . 196

Webster, or Ward, V. William,

26th July, . . , , 360

Wei.i>on, or Hewett, V. John,

5th October, . . . 476

■\Vnl,l,ll(ll■(<^K, V. Thomas, ist

Augu-fi 377

Wells, V. Swithin, loih Dec,, . 590

Wenoo, 3rd January, .

Wessmfbid, 14th August, . . 393

INDEX.

703

PACE

Wekbvkg, v., 3rd Feb., . 49

Wbbburc, Widow, no day, . 49 Whabton, V. Christopher, 38th

March 135

Whbrler, V. Nicholas, 31 si

January, . , , . ag Whitakeh, V. Thomas, 7th

August 384

Whitbuead, V, Thomas, S.J.,

30th June 276

White, V. Eustachius, loth

Elecember jga

White, V. Richard, i7ih Oct,, . 501 Whiting, V. Richard, O.S.B.,

14th November, . . 539

WlDMEBFOOL, V, Robert, isl

October 469

WiCBERT, the Elder, no day, . 155 WiGBKKT, of Fritzler, I3lh

August, . -391

Wilcox, V. Robert, ist October, 469 Wilfrid, the Elder, dep. 31st

October, trans. 24th

April 177, 4S8

Wilfrid, the Younger, 29th

April, ..... 185 WiLGIS, 3IBt January, . , 41

WiLLGITH, with SiDWELL, ist

August 375

William, Archbishop, dep. 8th

June, trans, gth Jan., . 13,261 William, same as Bartholomew,

24th June, .... 287 William, Franciscan, 7th

March, .... 107 William, Infant Martyr, 25th

March 133

William, of Pontoise, 10th

May 2o6

William, of Rochester, 23rd

May, 228

William, of Roschild, and

September, . , .434

PACB

Williamh, V. Richaid, 5th

October 576

Willibald, 7th July, . 321 Willibroki), or Clement, 7th

November 528

WiLi.Eic, no day, ... 94

Willi HAD, 8th November, , 531 WiNAMAN, Umauan, and Sdna-

MAN, no day, ... 71

WiSERALS, >8th December, , 602 WiNEFRiD, dep. 22nd June, fea«

3rd November, . 281, 523

WiNEWALD, 37th April, . 1S4

WiNNIN, FiNIAN, or FiNDSAB,

loth September, . . 443 WtNNOc, 6th November, . . J27 WiNTRUNG, comp. of St. Boni- face, no day, , 35S WiNWALCx;, 3rd March, . . 99 WiRO, 8th May, , , 303 Wist AN, ist June, , 349 Wituburga, dep. 8th July,

trans. 17th October, . 335, 501

WootwocK, V. John, 7th Aug., 383 WooDHOUSE, K Thomas, igth

J""" rfS

WooLLos, same ai Gundleui,

29th March, . . 136

Wrenno, V. Roger, iSlh March, 134

Wright, V. Peter, 19th May, . 218 WuLFHAC and RurpiH, 24th

July 354

Wui.FiLDA, 9th September, . ^i

WuLFHiDA (in note), . . . 450

WuLFRl, no day, ... 38

Wt'LSiN, 8th January, . . to

WoLSTAN, 19th January, , . 25 WvcKWAHE, William,

August,

26th

414

Vaxi.ev, V. Richard, 5th July, , 31: Ywv, 8th October, . -479

Burns & Oates, I.im., London.

SELECTION

t'KlIM

BURNS & GATES' CataloQue

OF

PUBLICATIONS

LONDON: BURNS AND GATES, Ld.

ORCHARD ST., \V., & 63 PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. NEW YORK : 9 BARCLAY STREET.

188S,

NEW BOOKS.

A Menolosy of Enslaiid and Wales ; or. Brief Memorials of the British and English Saints, arranged according to (he Calendar. Together with the Martyrs of the l6th and I^tb centuries. Com- piled by Older of the Cardinnl Archbishop and the Bishops of the Province of Westminster, by the Rev, Richard M, Stanton, Priest of the Oratory. In one volume. Demy 8vo. cloth, 14s.

Explanation of tlie Psalms and Oantlcles in the Divine Office.

By St. Alvhonsus Liguori, Translated from the Italian by Thomas Livius, C.SS.R, With a Preface by his Eminence Cardinal Manning. Crown Svo, doth, 7s. 6d.

The Canons and Decrees of the Sacred and (Ecumenical Oonncil of Trent, celebrated under the Sovereign Pontiffs, Paul III., Julius III., and Pius IV., translated by the Rev. J. Waterworth. To which are preluted Essays on the External

and Internal History of the Council. A new edition.

Memoir of the late Bishop Willson, First Bishop of Hobart, Tasmania. By Bishop Ullathorne. With portrait. Cloth, 2s. 6d.

History of St. Catherine of Siena and her Companions.

By Miss Drane. A New edition in two vols., 12s. 6d.

Eeligio ViatoriB. Cloth, 2s. 6d.

Life of the Ven. Edmund Gennings. By joirK Gknnings,

Provincial of the Order of St. Francis and Brother of the Martyr. Edited by the Kev. Wm. Fobbes-Leith, S.J. Beautifully printed in antique type, and embellished with several plates. Cloth, Sa.

Life of Jean Gahriel Perboyre, the Venerable Servant of God. Translated from the French by Lady CLARE Feilding. With Portrait of the Martyr. Cloth, 2*. 6d.

Indifferentism ; or, is one Religion as good as another? By the

Rev. J. McLaughlin. Cloth, zs.j paper, is.

The Blessed John Fisher's Treatise on Prayer. By a Monk

of St. Benedict's Abbey, Fort Augustus.

The Jewels of the Mass. A Short Account of the Rites and Prayers used in the Holy Sacrifice. By Percy FiizGERALD. Second Edition. Cloth, 2s.

Clare Vanghan. By Lady Lovat. Cloth, as, 6d.

Little Flowers of St. Francis. Translated from the Italian by a Religious of the Franciscan Convent, Bayswater. Second Edition. Cloth, 3s.

yftTimfl of Christian Perfection. By Antonio Rosmini.

Third English Edition. Cloth, gi. ; calf, as. 6d.

BeadingS with the Saints. Compiled from their Writings for the use of Priests, Religious, and Christians in the world, by a Priest of the Diocese of Clifton. With a letter of approbation from the Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster. Cloth, 3s,

SELECTION

PROM

BURNS AND GATES' CATALOGUE

OF PUBLICATIONS. —>■»-> »-<-<^ —

ALLIES, T. W. (K.O.S.a.)

See of St, Petor ^046

Formntiun of Chrisig-mUini. Vols. I,, II,, III. . each o 12 o Church nnd Stale ,is Men in lhi> Fonoalion of Christen- dom, 8vo, pp. 47a, cloth O 14 o

The Thrtinu of iht Fiabcmian, built liy the Carpenter's Son, the Root, the Bond, and the Crown ofChrist- eniioiti. Ueniy Svo . , . . . , O lO 6

*'Ie would lH'f]uiic sLiiHTlliioii^ nt i1ii',liouror iht iL^y 10 rHommpnd Mr, AlUfs" w riling t u> Kt^nli^h Calholic^, 'I'lio'**' of our re^idtrs who remember I liv :iriit:lr on his wriiint£ri in the Kttthetik, kinow ihat he is e>Tteintd in <lcrnmny as one uf out fjrcmosl wrilcn,."— DitbUm Kei'inv.

ALLIES, UABY.

Leaves from St. Aupustinc. With preface by T. W.

Allies, K.C.S.G. Crown Svo . . . .060

"Theplniii, 'ml'-p^Nkcn, yiil Iriih' Chri^Tinn liiiCTrirxe of tht great Hishop cf 1 iip|Hi hjiv :in hoiiT'sl hf';irlv riiif; .iIm}lii il tahic^h ronlrusls alraaeuly wiin ihv wcaL-kni-i'*! th<-o]<>^y of (1k><^(^ whit would cut ,'tnd trim iht (jD<>pei 10 ihL' la'.tL- iif worliily sociely," — Miiming Pest.

"Welcome ro sucii ^xtlutiies. and were there many of them,"— Wiiiiy Rri-hlcT.

ALLHATT, 0. F. B.

Cathedra Petri. Third and Enlarged Edition, Paper. 050

" Invalual-le to the conlrovtT^ialisl .'ind the thcoU'eianp and mf»t uKcFul for educale<l men imiuirin^ after truth ur anitious lo iinow the positive trsliinony of Chriatiiin antiquity in hix'oILr of Papal claifn^. " — MoHtk.

Which is Ihu True Church ? New Edition . .014

The Church and the Secl.i 010

ALZOO'S HISTOBT OF THE CHURCH.

A Manual of Universal Church History. Iiy the Rev. John Wi.'%. n.il.. Professor of Theology at the Utiiver.silv of Freiburg. Translated, «'ilh additions, fiiim tiic ninth and last Genn.in i-dition by the Rev. K. J. Parbi^th nitd the Rev.'rhcinia& S. Byrne. With Chrono!oj;ii:al Tables and Ecclesia.-^tico-Gcogra- phical Maps. 4 vols., demy 8to . . . I 10 O

SELECTION FROM BtJiNS &• OATES'

ANNUS 8AN0TITB :

Hymn* nf the C-lni'dt fof lb« £ccle«'uu>tica] Vcttf. l*iBnilotc(l from th« Sacrc<l OAic«i by vAdoiu Aulbon, wjiti Modem, ()nf;inal, nnd (ithM Hfinns^ and an ApjicudLt ot Knilici Vcr>iaiu. Selected and Ananecil hv Okbv Shii-lbv, M.A, [nflilTboardt. /o 3 6

Plain Clotti, IcitcreiJ 050

riJiti^ii de luw . . o 10 6

ANSWEaS TO ATHEISTS: 0& NOTES OH

Incurioll. My (he \i.tv. ALtmbert, (over tO&.OOO co|)ie>i

mltl in Armrricn), Ninlh nlilioit. Paijer, . . ,006

Cloth 010

B.H.

Tlic Ji!»iiit» : ihrir F'oiindii^n nnd HiMlory. 3 voJi.

Clown 8vO| cloih. kA clifci O 15 0

"Tilt Iwnlt U ju'l wital ii |»T>fc»»e* 10 fct— ■ /<y«faf *i*#WfJ,

BAOQVEZ, L'ABBE.

The "Divine Office": From the French of I'AbW BaMjuei, o( llic Seniinnry of St. Sulpicr, Kiiin. E«)j- tedby the Rev, FathcF Taunion, of the Congiegntion oftheOblaieiafht. Chailcn. Cloth o 6 O

■"rhi tuuMaiitin .^f ibi* inoM cdlfvliiB worli truiu ihr ««ll» o( Su SutpLdc, I he fcpurcb-uf k4>r»ucli vacwJorAl pfrfi^c-iicaiiH 4T<mr« miiit nin4i

oriiif (ulTiirii]." Ti.i. Cakiiixai- Alu ■luiuiai'or tt'i,j.iMni«i mt, '

"A vrrj- lOmfilele nULDuul, turnt>J. whulcwunc, Anil ikvuut."—

BBLLECIO. FATHER ALOTSTUS, (SJ.).

S(iiiitual Eicii-isf), nqcoidinj; in ilit lleihod of 5l. lenaiiuK of Loyola. Ti:iti*iiiiL'il fiuin the linltnn Vfrrion of Falhpr Amhony Hwriiini, -S J.,hy Willinin Hutch, IJ.P. StcDiid t'dilKin . . .0)6

BORROUZO, LIFE OF ST. 0HABLE8.

From the Ilnlinnof IMcr (■uiiNiinri. i vols, . o 15 O

ii onninli- iht 6nt*t tiork «n Si. Charln in an Ensllih drrM. — TaNif.

BOWDEN, KEV. H. S. (oftheOratoi?^ Edited 1)7

n.inK'v l»ii jno Coiiinieiiin : lis scMpc ami valut. Frtitn die (mnian of Fkancm HKiTiMiiK, O.D. With an t^ngrnviog of Uaiiie. CriHvn Kva . . O IQ 6

BRIDGETT, EEV. T. E. (C.SS.R.).

1 'i-.ii)ilirn' nl ilripik . . , . O 3 (i

~T]k'- lii>-i>vLr-Hl <L*finrin-,n.'iri w-Oli wLidi lite \m^X lt\if'i%fA\ 0ii^4 frl'\ru>.f Lij Llrr^j irtr.ifi.li mil [»Aiiiiu ■uilll', Brii) illalvni » Jttl- iiidiitiil liiiudi iv ilic ii>liiiiK, nliitJi itill (IcTAieii 10 ■ poiition tt twtianry moi impctium <i^ejf«4 hjlvvot lt> (Ooiptvn."— 7'ilr

CATALOGUE OF PUBUCATWNS.

BBIDOETT, BEV. T. E. {SXS&S.y-^x'tinutd.

Our Lady's Dowry ; how England Won and Lost that

Title. Second Edition ...... ^Q <j O

"This bouk in the nblc^i vinHJcnlion of Calhotlc dcvoiion id Our I..idy. (fr.iv.li from trnditiun. thai we know of in ihc English lan- £u:iye. "^Ttif'irt.

Rituiil of Ihc New Testament. An essay on the prin- d]>lcs and ori|>in of Catholic Kitual in reference to ihc New Testament, Third edition . .050

Defender of [he Paith : the Royal Title, its history and value . . . . . . ,010

BRIDaXTT, REV. T. E. (O.SS.B.), Edited by.

Supjilinnt of the Huty Ghost : a Paraphrase of the 'Veni Sancle Spirllus.' Now first printed from a MS. of the seventeenth century composed by Rev. K. John.son, with other unpublished treatises by the same author. .Second edition. Cloth . . .016

Soul.s l)t|jarlfd. lly CariiISAL AlI.EN. First pub- lished in 15G5, now edited in modem spelltnj; by the Rev. r. E. BridRelt O 6 O

OASWALL, FATHER.

Catholic I.alin Instructor in the Principal Church Offices am! Devotions, for the Use of Choirs, Con- vents, and Mission Schools, and for Self-Teaching. I vol, complete . . . . .036

Or I'arl I., containing Benediction, Mass, Serving at

Ma*-;, and various Latin Prayers in ordinary use . 016

May Pageant ; A Tale of Tinlern. (.A Poem) Second edition . . . . . .oao

Poems 050

Lyra Catholica, containing all the Breviary and Missal Hymns, with others from various sources. 33mo, cloth, red edges . . . . . .026

CATHOLIC BELIEF: OR. A SHORT AND

Simple Exposition of Catholic Doctrine, By the Vc-ry Rev. Joseph Faa di Bruno, U.D. Sixth edi- tion, ..... Price 6d. ; post free, o o 8j

Cloth, lettered, o o 10

.Also an edition on lietter paper and bound in cloth, with gilt lettering and steel (rontispiece

CHALLONER, BISHOP.

Medilalions for every day in the year. New edition Revised and edited liy the Right Rev. John Virtue, D.U.. Etishfip of Porlsmoulh. 8vo. 5th edition 030

And iti otliir bindings.

COLEREDOE. REV. H. J. (S.J.)

(Sec Quarterly Si-ria.)

SELECTION FROM BURNS 6- GATES'

DABRAS, L'ABBR

A General History of the Catholic Chnrcli from the commencement of the Christian Era nntil the Present Time, From the French of M. I'Abbe

i. E. Darrai'. With an Introduction and Notes y the Most Rev. M. J. Spalding, D.D., Arch- bishop of Baltimore. 4 vols. 4to . . , . j^^j 8 o DEHABBE. FATHER JOSEPH, JS. J.)

A History of ReliKion, or the Evidences or the Divinity of the Christian Religion, as furnished by its History from the Creation of the World to our own 'Times. Designed as a Help to Cate- chetical Instruction in Schools and Churches.

Pp. 6z8 reduced to net 086

DEVAS, 0. S.

Studies of Family Lile : a contribntioD to Social Science. Crown 8vo. . . , , . . o J o ''We recomnicnd xhr^t v^Rf* nnd (h« ivmnrkable evidence broughi toother in Lhem lo the careful aiicnrion ofall wlioarc inlere^led in ihc well-being of our common hiimanUy." — Gnafdian. "Both thonghifnl and .itimul.ltine."— ^a^nrrfnj' Rfvirtv.

DUKE, BEV. H. 0.

King, Prophet, and Priest : or, a Course of Lectures on the Catholic Church. Cloth . . . .066 ' SevenTecn admirable lectures full of ia^iruclioTt, leAmed a<i well

as simple . . . siagul^LrTy well arranged and very clearly expressed. —Tatlcl.

EHOUSH OATHOXJO NO^-JUBOBS OF 1715.

Being a Summary of the Register of their Estates, with

Geneslogicnl and other Notes, and an Appendix of

Unpublished Documents in the Public Record OiRce.

Edited by the lale Very Rev. E. E. Estcourt, M.A.,

F.S.A., Canon of St. Chad's, Birmingham, and

John Orlebar Payne, M.A. I vol., demy 8vo. . I I o

"This handsoincly primed volume lies before us. Every sludenl

of (he history of our naiion, OT orfamilie*^ which compoiie it, eannoc

but be grateful for a cataJoeue such as we h.tve here." — Dublin

Remeta.

" Most carefully ^nd creJilably brought out. . . , From first to Inst full of socini inlercst. and it conrains biographical details for which we may search in vain elsewhere," — AnHqtiariiut Magazine,

ETBE, MOST BEV. OHABLES, (Abp. of Glasgow).

The History of St. Culhbett ; or, An Account of his Life, Decease, and Miracles. Third Edition, Illus- trated with maps, charts, &c., and handsomely bound in cloth. Royal 8vo . . . , . o 14 o

FABEB, VEBY BEV. FATHEB.

All for Jefus , . . , . . . .050

Bethlehem 070

Blessed Sacrament . . . , , . ,076 Creator and Creature . . . . . . .060

Ethel's Book of the Angcb 026

CATALOGUE OF PUBLICATIONS.

PABEB VEET REV. PATHEE,— •w^n'w'.

Foot of the Cross £o 6 o

Growth in Holiness , . . . , . .060

Hymry o 6. O

Notes on Doctrinal and Spirilual Subjects, 2 vols, each 050 Poems . . . . . . . . .050

Precious Blood 050

Sir Lancelot , . . , , , . ,050 Spiritual Conferences . . . . . . .060

Lite and Letters of Frederick William Faber, D.D,, Priest of the Oratory of St. Philip Neri. By John Edward Bowden of the same Congregation . .060

POLET, HENEY (ftJ.)

Records of the EnHlish Province ol the Society of Jesus. Vol. L, Series L Demy 8vo, "10 pp. net I 6 O

Vol. n., Series IL, IIL, IV. Demy 8v-o, 622 pp. net I 6 O

VoJ. in..SericaV., VI.,VIL, VHI. DemySvo.over 850 pp r 10 o

Vol. IV. Series IX., X., XL Demy 8vo, 750 pp. net I 6 o

VoL v., Series XH. Uemy 8vo, nearly 1 100 pp., with

nine Photographs of Martyrs .... net 1 10 o

Vol. VI., Diary and Pilgrim- Book of the English Col- lege, Rome. The Diary from IS79 lo I773i with Biographical and Historical Notes. The Pilgrim- Book of the Ancient Enfjlish Hospice attached to the College from ijSoto 1656, with Historical Notes. Demy 8vo, pp, 796 net I 6 O

Vol. VIE. Part the First : General Statistics of the Pro- vince ; and Collectanea, giving Biographical Notices of its Meml>ersand of many Irish and Scotch Jesuits, With 20 I'hotographs ..... net 160

Vol. VII, Part the Second : Collectanea, Completed ; With Ap|>cndices. Catalogues of Assumed and Real Names: Annual Letters; Biographies and Miscel- Inrta. net 160

"A> a bi'"i>;r.iphicnl diciion.irj' of EnMli*h Jesuits, it deserves a placf^ in eviTv ^cIT-spli^iird library^ and. n^ a cotlcciion uF marvp]- lous ticcLirrt-ncc^H [w.-r-vvcuiiuns, m;ifryriloms, and evidences of ihe

of f.ii'li, .iriKin^^E ihp txiokH uf all whu htltiii^ tQ ilie Catholic

POEMBY, EEV. HENEY.

Muniiibei.iTii : in 1 lie main derived from the Hebrew namm unci llie Law of Moses. The Primitive Reli- gion of the City of Rome. An historical Investiga- tion. Demy -Svo. . . .050

PEAHCIS DE 8ALES. ST. : THE WOEKS OF.

Translated into the English Language by the Rev.

H. B. M;ickcv, O.S.B., under the direction of the

Right Rov. Bishop Hedley. O.S.B. \'ul, I. Letters to Persons in the Worid. Cloth . 060

"'Jill' l!jift'r\ mn>[ Ik; re.i.l in urilor to coinpreJipnd the charm and fWL-tldcs:. i>f tlitir stylr." — fiiiitet.

SELECTION FROM BURNS &• OATES'

FBAI70IS DB SALES, ST. : Works ^—omHnutd.

Vol. II.— The Treatise on Ihe Love of God. Father Carr'a translation of 1630 has been taken as a basis, but it has been rnodernized and thoroughly revised and corrected. £fi "i ^

"To iho^ who arc neelcing perfecLion by the pathof conlemplation (faiv volume wiM be an Annouiy ofhetp." — Saturdny Xtrrt'eiv.

Vol. III. The Cathohc Controversy. . .060

"No one who hafi not read it can conceive how cltjir, how convinc- ing, and how well ad-^pred toourpre&enl needs are ihese controversial "Icives."" — Tnf>icl.

•»" Other vols. Id preparalion.

Devout Life 016

Manual of Practical Piety . . . . . .036

Spiritual Combat. A new and careful translation.

i8mo, cloth , . . . . . ,030

The same, pocket size, cloth o I O

GALLWET, EEV. PETEE (S.J.)

Precious Pearl of Hope in the Mercy of God, The. Translated from the Italian. With Preface by the Kev. F"athcr Gallwty. Cloth 046

1. Introductory I-cclure on Ritualism : _, . .004

2. Is the Blessing of Heaven on Ritualism? .004

3. The Sanelily of the Kilualistic Clergy .004

4. Are Ritualists Proteslanis or Catholics? . .006

5. Ritualism anil Si. Peter's Mission as revealed in

Holy Writ (double size) . , 008

6. Do Ritualists owe Obedience to their Directors?

Dothe Anglican Clergy hold the Place of Christ ? 004

7. Ritualism and the Karly Church, The Faith of

St. Leo the Great 006

8. The Faith of the English Church Union, A.l),

187S ; of Clewer, A.11. 1878 ; of the Council of

E]>heaus, A.l). 431 006

9. Anglican Orders. Part 1. , . . .004

10. Anglican Orders. Pan II. . .010

11. Anglican Orders. Part III 008

iz. Anglican Clergy in the Confessional . . .006

All the above Lectures bound in 2 vols. .080

aiBSOir, EEV. H.

Catechism Made Easy. Being an Explanation of the

Christian Doctrine. 2 vols., eloih . . .076

"This work mu-^t he of priceless worth to .iiiy who arc engaged in any form of caicchclic;*] m'itrMctionr It is the best booli of iht- kind that we have keen in English."— /rrj* MaHthtji.

CATALOGUE OF PUBLIC AllONS.

GILLOW, JOSEPH.

LHeraT^ and Biographical History, or. Bibliographical Dictionary of the Engliah Catholics. From the Bri^ach wjth Rome, in 1534, to the Present Time, Vols. I., //. and IIL clifth, demy ^uOy , . each. £0 l$ O (To be completed tn Five Vols.)

'The pattern research, of Mr. GLIloWt hii conscicniiout ircoiti 01 minule pariicular^. jmd c^prcmlly hjn evhiuaiive bibliographical in> furmaiion in cunnrcdun with each name, are beyond pTaine," — British Qiturtgrfy Refif^v.

" No such imporrani or novel conlnbulion has b*ea made lo English hihlii>>fraph)- fur a loni; time." — Scofstnan.

"We reqoTnmeml it mosi iir\ri:scrvrd\y."—BriiitA Afail.

'* The lives, though short, are remarkably well written/' — Acadftr.

HEDLEY, BISHOP.

Our Divine Saviour, and other Diacourses, CrowD 8vo, 060

"A distinct and nntewoithy feature of \Yt^%e aennoni la, we cer- tainly ihiiik, thrir freshness — frc«hne»t of ihauglit, treacmenl. and «i>'lcf ; n^ivhcrp do irc Tneet puliui commonplace or hackneyed phrase — evciTwhtre. on ihc contrary, it it the heart of the preacher pouring out lu hit ^acV his own deep convicEion*. enforcing them from the 'Tri-MMire", old and ne*,' of a cullivaled mioiL"— JTiw'/jji Rtvitw-

HEBOElfROTHEE, DS.

embolic Church and Chrislian State. On the Relation of ihc Church to the Civil Power. From the Ger- man. 2 vols. , paper . , . , . , l O O

HUHFHAET, REV. F.

ITie nivine Teacher : A Letter lo a. Friend. With a Prefnce in Reply to No. 3 of the English Church Defence Tracls, entitled "Papal Infallibility,"

Fifth edilion. Cloth O 2 6

Sixth cdilion. Wrapper o I O

Mary .Magnifying God, May Sermons. Fifth editiori 026 (>ihi:r Gospel:! ; or, Lectures on St. Paul's Epiatie to

the Gnlatians, Crown 8vo, clolh . . . ,040 The VVticiun Word ; or, Considerations on the Sacred

Scriptures 050

Mr. FitKJames .Stephen and Cardinal Bellarmine . .010 Suare?, on ihe Religious State : A Digest of the Doc- trine contained in his Treatise, "DcSlatflReligionis." 3 vols., pp. 1200. Cloth, roy. 8vo. . . I 10 o

'' Thi'^ I.Uhtrlous and -.kilfully e^iecuTed work \i A divtmct addition 10 l-!ri^]i-.h iheoln^ical literature Father Humphrey'* ityle 14 quiet, nii'Thixliral, prtci*-e. nnd as clear .is the subject admits. Every one will \i: \^Tui\^ with the air of le^al exposition which pervadfs the tux.k. !le iakr>^ a yrip of his author, under which the text yield* lip L-ver>- .-icom uf its meaninj; and force." — Diidlin Kevitw.

LEE, REV. F. G. (DJ).)

Edward the Sixth ; Supreme Head, Crown 8vo , o 10 6 "III vivid interest and in literary powerj no less thaD in solid his-

lo SELECTION FROM BURNS ^ OATES*

torical vAfu«, Dr. I>«e'« preMnc work a>m» ftilly up to the standArd of lis prcdeccKftora ; and lo say ibai it lo bestow nig-h praise. The book evince? Dr. Lce^s cuiconuLry diligence of research in nm^Asiag facts, and bii rare aniflic power in wpJdinj; them into a harmoiiLaus »Dd effective whole," — 7^^ Bail-

LIFE OF FATHER OHAMPAONAT,

Founder of the Society of the Little Brothers of Mary. Containing a. portrait of Fr. Champacnat, and four full page illustralions. Demy 8vo .... £o S O

U&UOBI, ST. ALFHONSnS.

New and Improved Translation of the Complete Works of St. Alphonsu3, edited by the late Bishop Coffin : —

Vol. I. The Christian Virtues, and the Means for Ob- taining them. Cloth elegant . . . .040

Or separately ; —

1, The Love of our Lord Jesus Christ . . .014

2, Treatise on Prayer, f/tt thi ordinary ediiians a

^ea( pnrt of this ^aork is omitted) . ,014

3, A Christian's rule of Life . . . . .010 Vol, II. The Mysteries of the Faith— The Incarnation [

containing Meditations and Devotions on (he Birth and Infancy of Jesus Christ, &c., suited for Advent

and Christmas 036

Cheap edition . . . . . . o z O

Vol. III. The Mysteries of the Faith— The Blessed

Sacrament . , , . . . .036

Cheap edition . . . . . . ,020

Vol. IV. Eternal Truths— Preparation for Death . 036 Cheap edition . . . . . . . o a O

Vol. V. Treatises on the Passion, containing "Jesus

hath loved us," &c o 3 O

Cheap edition . . . . . .020

Vol. VI. Glories of Mary. New edition . . ,036 With Frontispiece, cloth . . . . .046

Also in better bindings.

MAITHINO, OAASINAL.

Blessed .Sacrament the Centre of Immutable Truth.

A new revised edition O i o

Confidence in God. Fourth edition , . . .010 England and Christendnm . . . . . . o 10 6

Elemal Priesthood. Popular Edition. . . ,026 Four Great Evils of the Day, Fifth Edition. Paper 026

Cloth 036

Fourfold Sovereignly of God, Third edition Paper 026

Cloth 036

Glories of the Sacred Heart. Fourth edition, . ,060

Grounds of Failh. .Seventh edition 016

Holy Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ according to Si.

John. With a Preface by His Eminence. . ,010

CATALOGUE OF PUBLICATIONS. II

Independence of the Holy See. Second Edition, . £ja S O Internal Mission of the Holy Ghost. Fourth edition . 086 Love of Jesus lo Penitents. Seventh edition , . O I 6 Miscellanies. 2 vols. . . . . . . O 15 O

Office nf the Holy Ghost under the Gospel . , .010 Petri Privniegium . . . . , . , O lo ti

Praise, A Sermon on ; with an Indulgenced Devotion. o I o Sermon-t on Ecclesia-'tical Subjects. VoL I. (outof print)

Vols. II. and III each 060

.Sin and its Consequences. Siith edition . ■ .060 Temjx)ral Mission of the Holy Ghost. Third edition . 086 Temporal Power of the Pope. Third edition . .05" The Office of the Church in Higher Education , .006 True Story of the Vatican Council. Second Edition, O 5 '^

BIAinm^G, CARDINAL, Edited b;.

Lifo of the Cure of Ara. New edition, enlarged. , o 4 O

BnVABT, PKOF. ST. aEOBOE (HJ>., F.E.&)

Nature and Thought- Second edition , , ,040

"The complete cDmmnnd of the <<ubjcct, ihe wide sra^p, ihe subtlety, the re.idincsH of iElimlration. tn« grace of siWc, contrive to render ihis one of ihe mo^l admirable books of US cJasi." — Briihh Quart triy Review.

A Philosophical Catechism. Fifth edition , ,010

"It iihould becomr the vadt mfCHFH of Catholic iluderila-" — Taiitt.

MORBIS, R£V. JOHN (S.J.)

Letter Books of Sir Amias Poulet, keeper of Muy

Qutcn of Scots. Demy 8vo . , . . . o lo 6

Troubles of our Catholic Forefathers, related by them- selves. Second Series, 8vo, clolh. , . , O 14 O

Third Series O 14 O

The Life of Father John Gerard, S.J. Third edition,

rcvrritlcn and enlarged . . . . . . O I4 o

The Life and Martyrdom of St. TTiomas Becket. Second and enlarged edition. In one volume, large post Svo,

cloth, pp. XMvi., 63Z O 12 6

or bound in two parts, cloth o 13 o

MURPHY, J. N.

Chair of Peter. Popular edition. 720 pages. Crown

Svo 060

"It ia a reat plKk^itrc \o u9 10 see thai a SKOnil rdiiioa haA b«en so loon icquirH. . . . In a afries of clearly written chapters, preciMein imtpment. excellently lempcrate in LonE, the author deala with jii^t those questions icearding the power, claims, and history of ilie Rom.-in PoniilT which are at the present time of moal aciiial interest. '* ^Dtibtin Krpirw.

la SELECTION FROM BURNS &' GATES'

NEWUAX, OABDINAI..

Annotated Translation of Athanasius. 2 vols. . each j£o 7 6

Apologia pro Vita sh5 060

Arians of the Fourth Century, The . . . .060

Callista, An Historical Talc 056

Difficulties of Anglicana. Two volumes —

Vol. I. Twelve Lectures 076

Vol. II. Letter to Dr. Pusey and to the Duke of

Norfolk 056

Discussions and Arguments 060

Doctrine of Justification . . . ,050

Dream of Gerontius. Twenty-second edition, wrapper 006

Cloth 010

Essay on Assent 076

Essay on the Developnicnt of Christian Doctrine . 060 Essays Critical and Historical. Two volumes, with

Notes ....... each 060

Essays on Miracles, Two. i. Of Scripture. 2. Of

Ecclesiastical History . . . . .060

Historical Sketches. Three volumes . . . each 060 ^dea of 3 University, lectures and Essays . .070 Loss and Gain. Ninth Edition . . . .056

Occasional Sermons 060

Parochial and Plain Sermons. Eight volumes. . each 050 Present Position of Catholics in England. . . O 7 O

Sermons on Subjects of the Day 050

Sermons to Mixed Congregations .060

Theological Tracts . . . , .080

University Sermons . . . .050

Verses on Various Occasions. . . .056

Via Media. Two volumes, with Notes . . each 060

NOBTHOOTE, VERY REV. J. S. (D.D.)

Roma Sotlerranea ; or. An Account of the Roman Catacombs. New edition. Re-written and greatly enlarged. 'l"hia work is in three volumes, which may at prc>cnt be hail separately— Vol. I. History . . . ' . . . . I 4 O

Vol. II. Christian Art 140

Vol. 111. Epitaphs of the Catacombs o 10 o

The Second and Third Volumes may also be had

bound together in cloth i 12 o

Visit to the Roman Catacombs; Being a popular

abridgment of the larger work. . .040 Mary in the Gospels 036

POPE, THOMAS ALDER, M.A. (of the Oratory.)

Life of St. Philip Ncri, Apostle of Rome. From the

Italian of Alfon=o Capecelnlro. 2 vols . . o 15 o

CATALOGUE OF PUBLf CATIONS. ij

QUAItTERLY SEBIES (Edited by tbe Managers ot ihc "Month").

Baplism of Ihe King ; Considerations on the Sacred

I'assion. Ky the Rev. H, J. Coleridge, SJ. . , j^o 7 6

Christian Reformed in mind and Manners, The. By IScntdict Rogacci, of the Society of lesus. The Translation edited by the Rev. H. J, Coleridge, S.J. 076

Chronicles of St. Antony of I'adua, the "Eldest Son of St. Francis." Edited by the Rev, H. J, Cole- ridge, S.J. . . . . . , . .036

Coloml «(.■«;, l.ife of the Ven. Claude dc la 050

Uialoguts of St, Gregory the Great r an Old English

Version. Kdiled by the Rev. H. J, Coleridge, S.J,. 060

IJuring the Pcrscculion. Autobiography of Father John Gerard, S.J. Translated from the original Latin by the Rev, G. R. Kingdon, S.J. . . ,050

English Carmelite, An. The Life of Catherine Burton Mother Mary Xaveria of the Angels, of the Knclish Te re SI an Convent al Antwerp. Collected from bet own Writings, and other sources, fay Father Thomas Hunter, S.J, , .060

Ga-^ton de .Segur. A Biography. Condensed from the French Memoir by the Marquis de Segur, by F. J. M. .\. Partridge 036

Gracious Life, A {1566--1618) ; being the Life of Madame Acarie (Blessed Mary of the Incarnation), of the Reformed Order of our Blessed Lady of Mount Carniel, By Emily Bowles, , . , O 6 O

History of the Sacred Passion. By Father Luis de la Palma, of the .Society of Jesus. Translated from the Spanish. With Preface by the Rev, H. J. Coleridge, S.J. Third edition , . . ,050

Holy Infancy Series. By the Rev, H, J. Coleridge, S.J,

Vol. I. Preparation of the Incarnation , , .076 ,, H. The Nine Months, Life of our Lord in

the Womb 076

,, HL The Thirty Years, Our Lord's Infancy

and Hidden Life 076

Hours of the Passion, Taken from the Life of Christ

by Ludoljih the Saxon . , . , . ,076

Life and 'J'caching of Jesus Christ, in Meditations for every Day in the V'ear. By I'.N, Avancino, S.T. 2 vols, O 10 6

Life and lj;iiers c>( St. Francis Xavier. By the Rev,

W. J. Coleridge, S.J. 2 vols. . . o 10 6

Life of Anne Catherine Emmerich. By Helen Kam,

With Preface by the Rev. H. L Coleridge. S. I. 050

Life of Christopher Columbus. By the Rev, A. G.

Knight, S.J 060

Life of Henrietta d'0:«ieviile (in Religion, Mother Ste. Marie), Foundress of the Institute of the Faithful Virgin. .Arranged and edited by the Rev, John George M'Leod, S,J, . . , , , .056

14 SELECTION FROM BURNS &• OA TBS'

QUABTESLT SEBIES— ^^w^'iun^

Life of Margaret Moatyn (Mother Margaret of Tesus], Religious of the Reformed Order of our Blessed Lady of Mount Carmel (1625-1679). By ihe Very Rev. Edmund Bedingfield, Edited from the Manuscripts preserved at Darlingtoa by the Rev. H, J, Cole- ridge, S.J ^Q 6 o

Life of our life ! The Harmony of theGospel, arranged with Introductow oad Explanatory Chapters, Notes and Indices. By the Rev. H. J. Coleridge, S.J. 2 vols, (out of print) o 15 o

Life of the Blessed John Berchmans. Third edition.

By the Rev. F. Goldie, S.J 060

Life of the Blessed Peter Favre, First Companion of St. Ignatius Loyola. From the Italian of Father Boero. (Out of print) 066

Life of King Alfred the Great. By Rev. A. G. Knight, S.J. Book I. Early Promise : 11. Adversity; III. Prosperity ; IV. Close of Life. . . , .060

Life of Mother Mary Teresa Ball. By Rev. H. J.

Coleridge. S.J. With Portrait . . . .066

Life and Letters of SL Teresa. 2 vols. By Rev. H.

J[. Coleridge, S.J each 076 e of Mary Ward. Bj- Mary Catherine Elizabeth Chambers, of the Institute of the Blessed Virgin. Edited by the Rev. H. J. Coleridge, S.J. 2 vols., each 076

Life of J»ne Dormer, Duchess of Feria. By Henry Clifford. Transcribed from the Andent Manuscript in the jiossfssion of the Lord IJurmer, by ihe late Canon E.E. Estcourt, and edited by the Rev. Joseph Stevenson, S.J 050

Mother of the King, The. By the Rb\-. H. J. Cole- ridge, S.J 076

Motherof the Church. "Sequel to Mother oftlie Kinp." 060

Of Adoration in Spirit and Truth. By the Rev. J. E. Niercmberg. S.J. Old English translation. With a I'reface by the Rev. P. Gallwey, S.J. A New Edition 066

Pious Alfections towards God and the Saints. Medi- tations for every Day in the Year, and for the Principal Festivals. From the Latin of the Ven. Nicholas LancicJus, ."^.J. With Prefaca by Arch- bishop Geot^t Porter, S.J .076

Prisoners of the King, a liook of thoughts on Ihe doc- trine of Pui^tory. By the Rev. H. J. Coleridge, S.j. New Edition 050

Public Life of our Lord Jesus Christ. By the Rev.

H. J. Coleridge, S.J. 9 vols, .... each 066 Others in preparation.

Return of the King. - Discourses on the Latter Days. By the Rev. H, J. Coleridge, S.J. . .076

CATALOGUE OF PUBLICATIONS. 1$

QTTABTESLT SERIES — tontiniud.

St. Mary's Convcnl, Micklegaie Bar, York. A

History (if ilic Convent. Edited by the Rev, H.J.

Ciileriiigt;, S.J jQo 7 6

St'iry of St. Slaniilaus Koslka. With Preface by the

Rov. H. J. ColeriUyo.S.J 036

Story d the (iospels, harmoni:ied for meditation. By

the Rev. H. J. Coleridge, S.J. . , . .076 Works and Words of our Saviour, gathered from the

Fou( Go,-!i>cli. By the Rev. H. J, Coleridge, S.J. . 076 SulTerings of the Church in Hrittany during ihe Great

Revolution. By Edward Hcaly Thomjison, M.A. 066 Suiipression of the Society of Jesus in the Portuguese

Dominions. From Documents hitherto anpubli^ed.

By the kev. Alfred Weld, S.J. . . . .076

rrhi^ vo]ii[iit fiirnis i\it Fiix Part of the Gfner.'kl History of the Sujiptc^iun of the Sociciy.1 Three Cniholic Reformers of the lifleenth Century.

By Mary H. Allies. O 6 O

Thoinaa of Hereford, Life of St. By Fr. Leslrange . 060 Triliunali'f Conscience, The. By Father Gasper Druz-

liicki, S.J 036

BAWE8, THE LATE BEV. Fr., Edited bjr.

Thi Library of thi IMy Ghosl : — Vol. I. St. Thomas Aquinas on the Adorable Sacra- ment of the Altar. With Prayers and Thanksgiv- incs for Holy Conmiunion. Red cloth . . .050 Little fSwh ofthf Holy Chest:—

Book I. St. Thomas Aquinas on the Commandments.

3zmu, 233 pp. Cloth gilt O 3 O

Book 2. Little Handbook of the Archconfratemily of

ihe Holy GhosL Fourth edition. HI pp. . .010

Gilt o I a

Book 3. Sl Thomas Aquinas on the Lord's Prayer.

139 PP- o 1 o

Cloth gilt 013

Book 4. The Holy Ghost the Sanctifier. By Car- dinal Manning. 213 pp. . , 13. 6d. and O Z O Guide to the Atcheonfratcmity of the Servants of the Holy r;host. Edited by the Rev. R, Butler, Direaor,

BIOHAEDS, BEV. WALTEE J. b! (D.B.)

Manual ol Scripture History. Beiny an Analysis of the Histurital Hooks of the Old Testament. By the Rev. W. J. H. Richards, D.D., Oblate of St. Charles ; In- spector of Schools in the Diocese of Westminster.

In Four Parts each o I o

Or, the Four Parts bound together. Cloth . 040

" I[.-if>i}y in<k-t-d will ihosc children .ind young p«r«on<k be who aci^uire in tln:]r parly d.-iv*- 'he ineMimabfy precious knowledge which ihebc books imparL'^ — Tadlrt.

Ifi

BU£?<rs ^ OAVES' PUBLICATIO.

RYDER, REV, H. I. D. (of the Oratory! I , i

Catholic Controversy: A Reply to Dr. LittlcdanA

■•Plain Reasons." Fifth edition . , . . jfo IS *

'■Failicr R^ijrTof the Blrmlnrfhiim OtsilDfi', h^in now Furiiidud in n imall voluracn rriiMcrli" rcpTy lo ihipi .-ifsail.ini rram wiihinK Tht tishccr chnrnih of.i brilllAni and graccFul style are added lo^rbc M>l]d meriia of ibu hjindbook at contemporaT^ contraverhv. " — IMtA MtHthly. "^ ' ' \

SOULIER, EEV P. '

Life of St. Philip Bfnir.i, of the Ofdcr of thq S?>^)Ulte of Maty, Crown Svo . , . . ' , o 8 N

''' \ cic-nr and inlernting nccounl of th« life nnd. InHnun of dUft eminent !wrv:iniof Marj,-."— ,J»*i7;4* CalMstk Qn.jrlrrly.

*' V'er^' sell o] 3 r- [ike. devout niiid complcic." — FfuhJlit Rnjipnr. '

TEOBtPBOH. EDWARD HEALT, (M,A.)

T^<^ l^ifc of Jean- J acquis Oligr, Fflnndvr of t^

Semii^nry of SL Sulpice. New and Enlarged I^didoiLi

Pust 8vo« dotb, pp. XKXvL 6z8 . . . 0 15

' liprorlilcA UA iH'iih just wh:ir wl« mosE nrrd, n mndtl ti> Imk up to iind ifnu^tt^^ one wkio->p rircum&Lancv^ And MiTrntunpJii*;;^ wi^-rc ^mHt^ \

uknily liiic our own Eoadmii of an «n^^' Jind tlirpci nEiplic.iiicifi louur own iJcnofiiTi! dutii-^and dailj' occ iip,-iiBunv"—/^.:.M« AW'/rti-n

(Hy ihc 9IUTH? authoi'. "Library of RL-liyiou^'lSioyraphy.' g v<«]s : alTi-ady puLlishct!- Lial ^rsili* on appliciilioin.1

OLLATHOENE, BISHOP.

P^rKl-owmcnls of Man, iS:Cl New and rcnscd cciilion . o lo 6| GroundwDrt of the Christian Vinut!) : A couri^e of

I^cllMcs. O 10 ^1

ChKilian Patience, the Strcnjjih ami l)i:ii inline ul'tlie

Soul O 10 6l

(?J, P — A i^TuIar edition o'' <lic*c thne wutVj it in Ibcpro!-, ami |

VL'ilt ^.horEly tse issued,)

Kcclcaiastical Discouises o 6 O

WARD, WILFRID.

The Clolheiiof Rtligicn. A reply to popular Po^iliviaaii 0^6

*'Vrri' wUty flnd intcrL-tilng." — S^i',/,it-ii-,

WISEMAN, CARDINAL.

Jaliiriln, A Talc of the Cnlncnmlis. . . , ■ O 3 4 j\i.-ii 11 new antJ .fpltmlii] ediliim prink-il ua (ai>;i: quarto paper, cmbelfishcd with ihiriy-nne full-paRu iilu.'itrtitionx, nrtd a goIouimI porlr3.it of St. Agnes. Hfindsotncly bound 110

>

THE BORROWER WILL BE CHARGED AN OVERDUE FEE IF THIS BOOK IS NOT RETURNED TO THE LIBRARY ON OR BEFORE THE LAST DATE STAMPED BELOW. NON-RECEIPT OF OVERDUE NOTICES DOES NOT EXEMPT THE BORROWER FROM OVERDUE FEES.

Harvard College Widener Library Cambridge, MA02138 (617)495-2413