nDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDaDDDDDDaDD D D D D O D D D a D a a a D D Q D D D D D D D D D D D D D n D D D D D a D D D D D D D a D D D D D D "fis-t UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LIBRARY D D ° S O □ DDDDDDnDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDa \^' ^\^\^' The m AMKRICAN m FIvORIST. A WEEKLY JOURNAL FOR THE TRADE. >3- VOLUME IX. CHICAGO: AMERICAN FLORIST COMPANY. 18 9 4. f\yy\ ^ -t- V ? ' I The American Florist. «- «- ^vor^uiMCBj ix:. -» -» August lO, 1893 to August 2, 1894. Illustrations are indicated by an Abutllon. a lai^e 11'^ Abutllon vexlUarium 463 Acacias 836.*^; Acacia armata wl Acacia Dfummondll t'-Ol Acalyphas for l>edcIlDK 5i>l Acalvphas propa*;allnK 372 Acblltea piarrolca Itt^ Acorus japonlcus i^'i "Benches first, roof last 622 'Berberls Thun bergrH ^?? •Herberts vulnarls 535 Bermuda's cbarms 11 '.^ Betbleliem. I'a ^ Black spot, cause of 274 • BHfChtlon of blossoms IWo ■Bllpht ot ornamental ferae 7W> 'BUfht of sobralla ■■ '6<> 'Blight of the Ivy..., 2bl Blight, palm leaf yo< .HI , -^V-i i%;.V« ii?" Blunders in the mall service, Adlantumtl^csianum Ji'?i Boiler, capacity of Boilers, sectional Adlantum Karleyense 192. *t>59 Adlantum Karleyense. propagating... 659 .■Echmeii Marl;*' Keginee 211 Atfdesmta clematldea 233 Ah there 85U Alpine planu In Harz Mts 1216 Altemanthera, potting SI" Alyssum. propagating 64. ^ Am. AseoclatloD of nurserymen 1089 Among Chicago growers 678, 701, 806. 905 12S4. • •Ampelopsls heterophylla b?>^ :diirspriD«w>Wb4r::::-:":::"::;: ^ g["i!)'&p°«« AnooalB, sovlni; fV- Aiuiuals, traosprantlDg ^^^ Another specimen itv.' Anthemts eoroDaria — Tti'J Anlherlcam ioS •Anthons. J.T 59 AnthracDose. cucamber 1113 ADtbracnose on cutting bencb 12M ADthuiiuiiis and alocasla», feedlDK--- '-^^ ADthurlum Scberzertanom 1185 •AntllThlnum majos m Bulbs In pans iSS:binUii-of:;;;::;;;:;;:::;;:;;.::::w4 «■•"■• ■■'—"' Apbelandraa 211. ^W AqtiatlCH ^'^- AquatU-a. In&^.'Cts Injurious to 2:i3 Arallas. (fraftlDff 12:> Araucarias In sammer 1114 Ardlsta. sowing 123 Arecas li'l Arrangement of flowers — 'Baskeu wltb bandlea 98ti —Careoi Block 761 —•Cut Mowers In boxes IIW —.Different effects from same mate- rial !«C — •Dress bouquets IWJO —'Flat iMiUquuts — MOMint; ilesluns and baskets — — *Sln)pl(* rtfutkcts —•Simple rjouquets —•Simple funtTftl deslffDS —•Stem mini: un. 498, 618 558, 381, mi. t28. (W. 1«4. 722. 730. 788. 810 831. 857. 883. 911, 936, 9ti4. !I92, 1014, 1041, WIS 1090, 1117, 1138, litis, 1188, 1192, 1214, 1236 i2t;i. , „„ Boston, wholesale flower trade 1157 •Botanical garden, grouping In 1186 Botanic gardens 63b •Bouquets, wedding 580 Bouvardla 125, 154 Bromellads 3S![ Brcmus Inenuls 1170 Budalo «;. 86, 126, 194. 215. 235, 282, 330, 395 4'.'6. 4,'>9. 471). 499. 519, 639. 682. 659. 720, 731 769. SS4, S59, KS4, 612. 966. 994. 1016, 1066. 1092 Ills. 1140. 1174, 1214, 1235. 126,S. Bulbsand bantams Bulbs, autumn treatment Bulbs, covering •Bulb farm, a Holland But be. forcing ... 186 .. 105 ,.. 438 ,1208 Ti. 623 ... 210 Bnibt*. planting beds 322 BuIbB, retarding 7&3 Bulbs, time to force *'82 Bulb trade, review of *I2 Burchellla capensls 211 ■Burpee, W.Atlee 39 •Arrangement of orcbldsand ferns... 281 •Anlnslltutc 2;^ As a seed grower sees it 916 Asparncu" U'Ctlo. the lOft* Aspa' :' "US. propagating — 567 Aapii -us. sowlrg 123 Asi'ii -us turning yellow. . 775 A.pa.-... -. .:•-•« 212 Aflpliailuuj ,>n Aleam pipes. 1(91 Asplenlum nidus £jfir> Aascsnlng grt^nhouaea 4(>t Asters, nne 1311 Aster*. f<>rc1ng 616 •AsU'ni. Iiardr afl AsUlbc. potting 2TI AsUjria arlrltlo 211 •Atlantic (llr. bvacb at 1169 Caladlura esculentum 762 Caladlums WS I •Caladlums. fancy M Calceolarias, apbls on ■^•^- 678 rnlceolarlas. sowing, law) ; Calif, exposition ■■■-iS I Calif. Nursenmen 8 ■■• ;?„ Calla bulhk-ts ••■• S,, Calla. I.lttletiem ■■■■ -2! "Callas, decay of. Yjji Callas. polling. . '.■.!!iI:bI "' 64,li78 668 Association 78 1114 —Silver Spray 454 —Silver Spray, striped 6^8 —Spartan 5kS — Sweetbrier 2.'H — »The Stewart 681 — .Uncle .Tolin 683 —Western Pride 578 —While Dove 6.7 -White Wings v,v.5aI —Wm. Scott 677, .701 Carnations — j —American Carnation Society 614, 624,646 —Am. earn. Society banquet 645 — Am.Carn. Society exhibition 648 -Ammonia for spraying 392 — AHlhracniise 046 —An unfortunate blunder 124. 168 —At Konnell Square. Pa 278 — At the New Y, rk slinw 272 — Benches vs. solid beds 1138 —Bench, word for the 930 —Border carnations 154 —Bordeaux mixture for disease .. - 53;^ —Carbolic acid for rust 681 — Careinfleld 052 -Chester Co. notes 436 —Chester Co. Society 103, 209. 322, 415, 614, 600, 703, SI60. —Chicago carnation notes on —Chicago growers 4.S4 —Chicago notes 677,624 —Correction 514 —Crimson clover In field 1*2 —Crossing and selection 728 —Damping off - ,... — 38 — eslrable varieties, and their Im- provement *i62 —Disbudding 5,372 —Discrimination of diseases 64b -•Display by Mr. Dorner 679 — Bxhlbltlng 81'8 —Fairy ring M6 — Mrlng &il -College !?<} -For cut flowers 651 — For spring sales 14.' — Forsummer 84 —Ground bor e for 372 -Heating lor 1110 -Houses 1058 -Howl tie ,600 -Improving by selection 1038 —In Canada 6-^^ —In cold frame 83, -In pots 1111 -Inthefleld 1181' l.,>ard walk Iblllonat.. •Atlni I All), Atli, ■. ISBt •Ai ■iji.«al Auk,." ..-.wenifor AiMltmm Azaleas for Kastcr Axal'-n. .'i.rx.rnl troatrooot..., A/Ji ■ A/a ' r , A/n .'out Aiu • '',: A»a:,- .- 1 •■ ■ K Ami,',- ; - ; m j , .,m.s. etc A7J>li'n* i.r'.i'iit/iitlng Aialcas. suliAtllullng .iim. 1161 1113 121.') 1113 1212 ... zn, 7ia 491I mi 277 IH!l 277 ..ion, IUK7 IllJ Wl m en BalUnuire 3!, M. 72. Itn. IW, l«H. 174. 216 MX TT. ■m •«,, 4UK, 4;ir, tuberoiM.. aa ta r.'J >il«Tous (64, 67V Callas, shifting Campanula perslclfolla Caniia .\dmlral Cervals — Alplion-,."' lluuvler - Baronnc (lu Uenowardy - {.'jii-t, I* du Suz/onl — Chiis, Henderson —Columbia —Comte Horace de Cholseul. — I»uk,. (1,, .Monlenard — Kgandatc — KxploratuarCrampbel — t'loreiice Vuughan — Francois Crozy — J. C. Vaughan -.1. 1). Cabos - •Mme. Crozy .MlKH Sarah Hill — Paul Hrunnt -Paul .Marquant — PrcM, tJarnot Secri'tury Stewart Si-niitor Monteflore - Sladtganner Si-nnoholz — Statualre Kulconls Calinas farinas, slrrw germination — CanniiH. starting "(apt the fnrlght" •Carlcritrrri-, the orchid In Camritlori 'Ada Byron Adelalcli. Kresken Annie Plxley - llouU)n rl'Or — Buttercup... - Daybreak... — Dr.Smart K A Wooil K.dna f'ralg Kred Donrer (;i,,neva -(;oldllnclr I. race Wlliler Ili'lr.n Keller Illn/u's White Iji'lr Knrma I.l//1<, .Mi..4*owan .Mme IMru Alliertlol Mrs Kilt, Iteynolds. .Mrs, Msher — .Naiirv llnnka OpiKiIla - Portia - Utchmond .105, .166. ... 7.57 932 .... 37 372 ....1088 166 H6 •2.i9 166 105 .... 1(» 166, '191 165 ll») 165 ., .. 166 •190 165 ir.'i •191 19!) 161) 165 ..LW. 165 1116 165 11.6 iriil nil 166, 'm IK! 671 826 IIIIO 454 27H '619 m\ 464, 6T7, 063, 'T/? 1)78 678. •7«) 27H. 464, (lU, m] 278 lOWl 678 •(»« 1«. 8H0. I03S 476, 6:13, (1H2 142 4.'«;,f)M 142 .67.. .7116 . 677, •72lr lUIH, 1164 464 , 728 436 . 256 , 680 649 , HKl Cattleyas 23? Celaslrus artlculalus 634 Celastrus scandens 534 Centaurea. sowing 190, 453 Clamp iron for swing shelf 94* Clematis, propagating 110 Cleveland 506.967, IU16, 1052. 1074, 1104, 1168, 1187. 1216 1237.1262. Cleveland park system 1161 Clifton. N..1 1270 Chestnut Hill, Pa 1048 Chicago 22. 60. 78, 86. 118, 126, 147. 172, 194 214. 236, 2B2, 281, 298, 332, 362, 376, 396, 420 439, 4t*), 478. 497, 616. 638, 559, 682, 603, 628 660, 684, 707, 731, 768. 810, 832. 858, 882. 910 937, 966 988. 1014. 1041. 1064, 1092. 1116, 1139 1166, llSSl, 1213,1234, 1260. Chicago, a V sit to 149 Chicago exchange 829 Chicago growers, among 678, 704, 806. 906 1261. Chicago notes 767 Chicago notes, random 283 Chicago parks 1009, 1039 Chicago to Atlantic City.... 1163. 1200, 1264 Chicago trade, historical reminis- cences 1205 Chicago violet growers 663 Children. Ihosedear 08 Chorozema 211 Christmas trade report 496 ChrysHnthemura- Ada Spauldlng 189 Aug. Swanson 416 •Beau Ideal 311 •Challenge Xi'i •Kugene Dallledouze 341 W, CliUds,, — G"!don Kiripress. — UoUlon Wedding. -Good Gracious -Gorgeous — —•Harry Balsley . -•Inter Ocean —•Ivory — Kings Daughter . . .. tS4 Keeping qualities —Lady Kmma and Portia —Long stems -.Nematode disease —New carrrallons and their introduc- tion -Nitrate of soda on .. —Nomenclature 45*., 476 -Notes 1. 112, 209, 230, 266, 278. 320, 321. ,172, 392. Ill, 434. 454. 474, 513, 6:«. 666. 678 UW, 624. 7.'H. 764.8.56, 8.80. 1X14. 930. 1«10. 988, 1012, 10,'.8. llro. 1138, 1164. 1186, 1210. 1231, liil,, —On bunches 4,%') —Packing flowers 266 -Planting 5, t)62 -Planllngout 901 —Plants Irr pots 836 — I'orliaan.i Lady Emma 514 -Potting 5/*? —Preparations for planting 764 - Propagating 414,656^ —Proposition. a 4jb -Purple lolnt <•*<} Bed ^plde^ IM - Keil 'Plder, getting rid of li^'l - Ilevlsing varieties 613 iiftsette 64ri Bust ,'.'. . ,.W. 43.). 474, 618, 1*48, 900, 1012 -UuHt, (!arb.,Ilc acid for 880 Rust cxpcrlmctrts 1231 — SatlsfacUirily adjusted 32i Seasonable hints 38, 04, 64, 1U2. 124. 142, IflS. -Seedlings Sel f.f ecundatlon - Selling SIrrt.llrig Shipping C. O. I) - Sleepy carnations —Snails among - Soil -Spot -Staking Syringing — Tomperiituro - Two now -Varieties for cutting —•View in one of Mr. Dorner a llousi,s i«> WriKTlng 32l.6f)l,lM Will, ring nnil feeding 272 (■ritril'.uiie Ini'Ii- ,,,, 6K8 Catalogrr.," r.-celyeil si. 130. 162. IIW, 218. 271 lir.' 42.', Mi. 622. 644. 661,690.608,632, 670. Wi. ".'U, "16. 861, mx. mil. 1170. .,CBttlo>B hybrids 12W 278 I Caltleva Irtcolor lit .4.111, 67i|Caltleya rrilnucla l^f; ,671), lliircattlera PIrllo H" 12.V Tin 1188 209 856 728 7IM 1210 1146 ano.inii 321 230, 3ini. 678 678 651 310 .. lt» . 457 .. 438 .. 169 .. 315 .. 343 .. 298 .. 416 •r KofantiTesDeuxMondes 313 -•Maiiir HonalTon 8.S7 -•.\liirle l.culso 319 — .Mi.llv Hawn 416 —Mrs Cralge l.ippencott 394 -•Mrs. K, G.HIll 237 -•Mrs,,]. Geo lis 846 -Mrs. ,1. G. WhlUdln 169 -•.Mutual Friend 467 -O. P. Bassett 189 —Princess,.,.. 488 — Pri ru'cBs ot Chrysanthemums 394 — ItiiMH.iin 169 i;,ii,i, li.ittiiniley 416 •U.il.t, M.lnnes 312, 314 -l(.,lialll.,n 169 -Ui.xa Kuiiferle 268 -•'l'lii.(,iuci.n 309 Vlvlainl-Morel 161', '315 at , 313 Wlrllldlrr, Mrs, ,1. «. Chrvsanilu'inums — Arrangement slrows •Attacks of tarnished plant bug.. •Basket —•Bench grown — •Collecllcin .if IS vnrs — Colors irri.ler an lll.-lal light Coming i..vlrll,lll.,ns Condensu.l list Cultural notes - Dunrping off Diary -Disbudding 8, 124 -Karly varieties Sly —Feeding — - I'"nim Klmlra - Good Gracious'.' Princess .... • I l.irrse of chrysanthemums. . —Ideal, the - In pots — Insectsorr -Iterirs lit the show .luilglriglir America .lir.lging ru'W Keeping l.ir exhibition Labeling -Lifting -Mrinuro Notes I'Iriritlrrg Propagaling K.'KlsliTlrig naliiOH... Iteview 111 varieties . -Seasonable hints — -Seasonable notes 1(W3, li:iii. iirr;. 1210, rivi. Si'eilllngs and exhibitions 4,1« Si'dllrrgs at Boston »4» Slra.llng 7. "W -iSI;'c;r"''.'"it'uri.mmm-28i.;^ 13::ii:''"^v.v.-.:;;;..:.v..::::::::::;:::i^ •Speclmeirs at Boston 871 Staking "10 Slaking and tying •. ; Hllriiu, arris 7. jM - Sl,ipplrig D?-' — TeniiKTiiture .1256 . 168 . 434 . 6 . 317 . 466 .1057 . 300 . 189 . 124 .1109 . 170 , 870 . 4W> 027 . 320 .1186 . 488 . 2B8 .1210 S80 230 114 1066 ,,.100, 288, 467 0, 1067 ,,.0. 1083, 1067 4HU 314, 870 . 1118, 210, 2,30 1067, lOS'i, llOlt 126 —Ventilation 7 —World's Fair show 253. 207 Chrvsinthemum shows— Baltimore... 314 —Boston 319,350 — Brooiclyn, N. Y 3H9 -'Chicago 310, 338 — Ehnlra, N. Y 367 -Flushing. N. Y 375 — Frederlcii. Md 393 — Germantown, Pa 368 —Indianapolis 344 — *Indlanapoli8. general view 397 —Louisville, Ky 393 -Milwaukee, Wis 3nO -Montreal 349 - New Bedford, Mass 368 —New Haven, Conn 369 -Newport. H.I 318 —New York 318, 342 —*New York, corner at 369 — *New York, general view 367 — Oshkosh. Wis 370,394 — r:illadelphla 316, 342 -I'lttsfleld, Mass 328 — Providence, R. I —St. Louis 347 —San Francisco 369 —Sioux City, la 324. *459 — Springfield, Mass — Terre Haute, Ind 394 —Toronto 350,392,416 —Washington 365 —Worcester. Mass .... 350 — Yonbers, N. Y 356 Chrysanthemum society Chrysanthemum society, English .... 141 *Church decoration 1091 Cincinnati 236. 420. 550. TUl. 918. mU. 992 1063, 1102, 1118, 1140, 1176. 119J, 1222. 1246 1262. Cincinnati to Atlantic City 12f>4 Cinerarias and calceolarias 67"" Cinerarias, feeding 677 Cineraria m. aurea 7.^7 Clnerarhis, pottiDK Zi2, 677 Cinerarias, sowing 6T7 Cinerarias, watering 6U1 Cistern, manure 76t Cisterns, system of 760 Coa 1 tar 1 232 *CoelOKyne cristata ... .332. lUU Coke dust for propagatioj? 1124 Coleus new and old 931 Coieus. propagating 499 Colored light, influence on plants 1202 *Color in flowers, law of 7ol •Column, hfoken 599 Column, floral 1172 Coming exhibitions 1020, 1057, 1085, 1109 1136, IKi^'. 1212. 1238. Commission business, needs of 1086 Coni fers. rooted cuttings 466 Construction of contract 807 Convention exhibition 1^88. 1050 Convention notes 1258 Cool growing 9US Co-operation between growers and re- tailers 30 Correction, a 88.701.969 Cotyledons 555 Couldn't deceive her 8i8 Cost of buildiug , .... 258 Counting >lly blooms 933 *Cralg. Robert 2i:y ♦Crescent wreath 931 Crimson clover to plow under 142 Crioume in pots 881 Cromwell. Conn 358 Crotons and nepenthes 556 Crotons for bedding .... 554 Crude oil lurfuel 258,818.938,1080 Cucumbers under glass 704 Cut floweru. packing and shipping 961 Cuttings, anthracnose in 762 Cyathea Mastersiana 11,S7 Cyatbea pygmjea 1137 Cycas leaves, dried 2;i8 Cyclamen disease 679 Cyclamen, insects on 614 Cyclamens 438, ''87P Cyclamens, general treatment 881 i Cyclamens, potting 145 Cyclamens, ripening bujbs 879 Cyclamens, soli 879 Cyprlpedium Charlesworthl 259 Cyprlpedium Fairieano-Lawrencea- num 681 Cyprlpedium Grayanum unlcolor 902 Cyprlpedium Paris 902 Cyprlpediums 232 Cytlsus .. 7fh^ Cytlsus Andreanus , 907 Cytlsus racemosus 1257 Duty on plants, decision 774 Duties under Wilson hill 1148 Dwarfing plants in Japan 62 Easter, early 637 Easier, plants after 763 Easter reflections 909 Easter trade ... 829 Educating the public 184 Egg shells, new use for 1202 Eicnhornla crasslpes 122 Elevation of the trade 156 Eplphvliun-s 389 Equalization of prices Hi70 Krfurt, hort display at 121S Ericas at Whltestone 599 Eryngium amethystlnum 42 Eucharis amazonlca. 1176 Euphorbia poinseltla 515 Eur^aieferox 122 Exhibition, a grand 229 Exhibition management 514 Expose the rogues 1067 Express company's liahillty 812 Express rates 226, "76, i.87 122. 903, Farm, the model Fern notes Fern seed, keeping Fern spores Ferns and smll ax Ferns and their culture *Kerns. blight of Ferns for ferneries Ferns, keeping spores Ferns, ripening spores Ferns, seedling Ferns, sowing Herns, time of germination Ferns, watering Field roots and forage crops Fireman, night Firing , Klrst-claes plants, are they *1189, Fish story, a Flatbush Florists' Bowling Club Flatbush.L.I Floral column — Floral decorations Floral design patent, validity of Floriculture, advancement of Floriculture, future of Floriculture, present of Florists' supplies Flower pot, making Flower show as an educator Flower show, review of . Flower shows, influence of Flowers and their colors Flowers as political badges Flowers for dinner Foreign notes 24. 150, 239. 259. 410. 570, W2. 081, 731. 842, 934, 902, 1U39. 1137, 1248. Forest lawn cemetery Franclsceas Free seed distri butlon Freeslas. forcing ^Friends of the mums trult exhibition, Russian Fuchsias, propagating Fungicide, what Is *Funeral bunch 'Funeral design Funeral designs, concerning Funeral flowers *FuDeral of President Carnot. decora- tions at 107 1136 192 90(: 526 903 766 516 9J3 906 9J3 I, 906 . 9U6 903 11-15 . 23J ,106:t 1232 ,10.82 , 71 1; 12Sii ,1172 , 2S2 lOOU , 144 36 , 62 238 616 597 , 433 985 , 756 . 186 , 614 , 6U1 1192 ,1172 , 389 1I7U , 438 , 300 ,1183 277 806 933 9;i5 , 299 2S4 1254 * Daffodil farm, an Irish 1191 Daffodils, forcing 5.i8 Dalechampia 211,389 Danger In tlowers 1250 'DavalllaFljlensls 233 *Dav**llla Mooreana 230 Decision reversed, a IIIX) ♦Decorations, holiday 493 Decorative plants for western trade. . 141 •Decorative plants, group of 65 Delphiniums 1088 Dendroblum euosmum 704 Dendroblums 232 Denver 46, 2'22. 418. 490. 528. 661, 790, 820, %6, 980. 1015. 1018. 1117. 1168. 123.5. Dept. of agriculture 154. 1098 Designs, floral 127 ♦Design, funeral 679 Detroit 818, 1238 ♦Dleffenbachlas, anthracnose of 937 Dlsa premier 259 Discovery . a wonderful 61W ♦Displays for effect 514 Distributing liquid manure 20:^ Doylestown. Pa , ....1067 Dracasna ambllis Dracaena fragrans ,. .. "Draciena fragrans, blight of.. Draca'na Goldleana Dracaena gracilis Draciena Indlvlsa , 231 Zil 601 231 231 ,.231, 1114 Drac«na termlnalls 231 Dracjenas 230 Dracffinas, propadatlDK 102 "Drecalna Judavlssi" 274 Duty on beans and peas 610 Galax aphylJa 602 Galt.Ont 1150 Garflenias 259 {iardenlng. books on 877 ♦Garfield Park, fancy bedding 6.S Gas, injury by escaping 408 Gastropods in Plqua 1211 Geraniums, picking over 322 Geraniums propagating 37, 558 Geraniums, shifting 438 Germantown Pa 461. 920 Gesneras 390 Gladiolus, forcing 516 Gladiolus, planting 8.^5 Glass t)urning plants 986 Glazing , 9U8 Gloxinia, old bulbs 1257 uloxlnlas 57S Graderla sublntegra 6ui Grafting extraordinary .1100 Grasshoppers, to combat 272 Greenfly 870. 987 ♦Greenhouse, a traveling 1 1 i 4 •Greenhouse construction 234, 496. ^'21 Greenhouse flowering plants 3S9 •Greenhouse pest, a new 1062 Greenhouse plants, little grown 211 Greenhouses, assessing 568 Greenhouses, iron frame 622 ♦Greenhouses of H. A. Dreer, view of. r2u7 Greenhouses, sash bar 631 Greenhouses, wooden frame 622 Grevlliea robusta lllj Growing Dutch bulbs and lilacs 959 Grubs In soil, killing 171 Grub worms 85 Gymnogramme chrysophylla Lauch- eana 1036 Gymnogramme decompo'-ita 1036 Gymnogramme Parsonsll 1036 Gymnogramme Peruviana argyra- phylla 1037 Gymnogramme schlzophylla 1037 Gymnutiramme sulphurea 1037 Gymnogramme tartarea .. ....1037 Gymnogramme triangularis Ili37 Gymnogramme Wettenhalllana 10;i7 Gynura aurantlaca 758 Hahrothamnus 389 Habrothamnus elegans 211 Had felt the influence 202 Hall asBOClatlon 70,618,976 Hall at Newport. R.I 1211 Hall storms 901 Hanging baskets 963 Hardlnessof plants of plants affected by exposure 1134 Hardy flowers for August 1212 Hardy plants for cutting li 88 Hardy flowers for June 1034 Hardy fiowers for May 9'32 Hardy flowers for midsummer 1158 Harrlsii, potting ....1230 HarrlslI splitting ... 718 Hartford. Conn 826. 1048 Heating apparatus 1013 Heating pipes 402 Heating, questions about 1054 Heltanthus muitiflorus 1088 Uellanthus nanus 855 Heliconla lllustrls rubrlcauUs 1137 Hinsdale, a visit to 2rt8 Hippeastrum brachyandrum 934 Historical reminiscences of Chicago trade 1205 ♦Holiday decorations 49;^ ♦Hollyhock, blltrht of 556 Hollyhock disease 694 ♦Hollyhock diseases 556 ♦Hollyhock, leaf spot 55ti Hollyhocks, planting 855 Hollvhocks. sowing 64 Hops Insoil 212 Horticultural congress banquet 57 Horticultural congress, the 14, 36 Horticultural exhibitions; how to make them successful 31 Horticulture at the fair 853 Horticulture, possibilities In 535 Horticulture vs. engineering 1240 Hotbeds, plants lor 907 Hot water under pressure 212. 580, 703, 954. 1013. •Howard, Prof L. 0 1211 ♦How to make "rubbers" break 125 Humboldt park. Chicago 1009 ♦Humboldt Park conservatories 61 ♦Hyacinths and tulips 934 Hyacinths. Dutch 413 Hyacinths, Roman 12;:J0 Hyacinths, miniature Dutch 1230 Hybridization, beneflts and results. . . 81 Hydrangeas 704 Hydrangeas, forcing 453 Hydranges for summer sale 96::i Hydrangeas. lifting 277 Hydrangeas, planting out. 1060 Hydrangeas, propagating. — 579 Hydrangeas, topdresslng 837 I Ilex vertlcillata 534 Illustrations, our 309. 338, H 64 Immortelles 2.38 Indianapolis 195, 244, 360. 546. 612. 892. 1006, 1141,1242 Indianapolis floral festival 391 Influence of tiower shows ... 985 Injury to plant by dog 44 Inofohlbo crnfwypemfwypppuu 1030 Insects affecting violets 448 Insurance, fire 1 10. 146, 206, 224 Interesting questions 946 Inpomiea mexicana 881 Ivy geranium, propagating 105 Jackson park, Chicago 10,36 ♦Japanese floral arrangements 44 Jenkintown. Pa 1067 Judges, a judg ment on 1037 Judging at Toronto show 212 Judging floral arrangements 475 K Kalosanthes 389 Kalosanthes cocciaea 211 Ka nsas City. Mo 1237 Keeping worms out of pots 682 Kentias I2l Kentias. germinating 102 Labor saving devices 9 LffillaLatonl HIO L«lias 232 Lfeiio-Cattleya Ameslma 1258 Lselio-Cattleya Ingram! 1258 Lajiio-Cattieya Pnoebe IIIO Lagerstromia Indica alba ...., 85 Lake Forest 905 Lancaster. Pa ji'fl ♦Language of flowers 618 liBredo. Texas i'^S2 Luslandra macrantha 390 I.atanlas 191 Latania Verschaffeltli 458 Lathy rus grandlflorus 1U88 liCaf bug, yellow lined 1062 Legal decisions, recent . . .66, 101, 182, 270 Legal pointers 670, 673 Lenox, Mass 1033. 1126, m\S Liability of express CO 812 LIcuala grandls 458 Lilac, forcing 453, 623 Lilies, a phis on 413 LWles. Bermuda 598 Lilies for Easter 499 Llllura Harrisll 1033 Lilies, potting .113 Llllum luncifollum 372, 558. 1257 Llilum nepalense 257 Li Hums In summer 1114 Lily blooms, counting 862 •Lily of the vallev 759 Lincoln Park, aquatics at 122 Linojln Park, Chicago 1009 LInuin trigynum 4;i$ Llvlstona cnlnensis aurea 458 lj<:)bella. propagating 453 Locust, seventeen year , 1154 London seed association 1194 Look out for him 1250 Lophospermura, sowing 578 Ixislnggame. a 1026 Louisville. Ky ,. 242 Love of fi(_twers among the people. how to increase 14, 32, 33 Lucullagralisslma 211 M Madison. N. J ♦Maples, dwarfed Japanese M aranta Fascinator Marbiehead. Mass M arket, the Mass. Hort. Society 12L 174, 578, Mass. Hort. Society spring show Mealy bug Mealy bug on coleus Men, how many to employ *Menisperraum canadense Meyenla erecta Midsummer hardy flowers Mignonette as I grow It Mignonette, damping off Mignonette, potting Mignonette, sowing lOl, Mignonette, time of sowing ♦MiUonia vexlllaria Miltonlopsis Bleul nobl'is 'Miltoniopsls Bleul splendens Milwaukee 397, Minneapolis. Minn 186, Miscellaneous notes Miscellaneous seasonable hints 37. 64, 124, 144. 189. 210. 232. 277, 3'22. 372, 413, h53. 499 516. 5.58, 578, 601, f«2. 763. 837, 907. 963. 1012. 1060, 1114, 1137, 1230, 1257. Misplaced generosity Missouri State Hort. Society . Mistakes, two little •Model retail establishment, a Moisture tent, a Monev vine, winter care Montreal 498. MO, 561, 584, 692, 782. 784, 1004. 1106, 1215. Musa aurantlaca Mushroom, the new 657, Mushrooms M ashroums and toadstools Mushrooms, snails on Myron A. Hunt, funeral of N Narcissus blasting Narcissus, boxing Nashua, N. H Nebraska seed report Negllt;euce of express co Nelurabium leaf miner Neigh borly courtesies Nepenthes mixta Nephrolepls exaltata ♦.34, Nephrolepis tuberosum Nerlums , Nertera depressa New Haven, Conn New Orleans Hort. Society 870. Newport, R. 1-. 138, Newport. R. I., hall at News notes 113. 216. 239. 266. 364. 380, 4114, 446. 480. 520. 574. 662. 860. 874. 939. 9C;S, 1U28, 1L67, 1092, 1119. 1166. 1196. 1198. 123:1. New York 16, 87. lOfi. 125. 147, 172, 192, 235. 26iJ. 280, 322. 375. 394. 419, 439, 468, 498, 516. 658. 580. 6U3. 628. 660. 684, 705. 767, 8U8. 833. 857, 883. 909. 935. 965, 990, 10-10, 1063, 1090. 1116. 1139, 1165, 1188, 1234. ♦New York Florists' Club New York, wholesale flower trade . - Notes by the way 257. Nurserymen, Am. Association of .1004, Nursery trade Nymph;ea leaf miner. Nyraphieas. day- blooming Nymphseas, hybrid Nymphseas, Maniac's 1066 13 934 160 1011 614 322 963 760 535 390 1168 101 101 101 , 578 1257 1059 . 934 1086 , 410 204 105 43S 855 1034 . 277 106 , 924 765 373 174 961 929 1039 105 1272 1194 812 122 , 138 2.59 907 1137 704 704 833 1242 1082 1211 , 398 967 12-20 , 214 , 476 , 728 1014 1214 554 1157 557 1089 400 122 122 122 122 Obituary— Bassler, Andrew —Bridge, E.G — *ijutz. Paul — Dodwell E.S —Gallup, Avery — Guerineau. Louis — Quillnt. J. B -•Halliday. Robt. J —•Hunt, Myron A —Johnston, Robert — Lauer. A — Lobb, Thomas —Low. Hugh — McCrone, Robt — Parkman. Francis —Reese. David —Rose. John — Talt. Thomas --Thompson. Wm. Jr — Verdler, Chas Odontoglossum Kramerl alba . , One judge plan One judge system 933, 961, Oranges, Otabelte 699. •Orchid grower's dream Orchid notes Orchids after cutting Orchids, famous Orchids, tiorlsts' , 232, Orchids for cutting ♦Orchids in caricature Orchids in Hicks Arnold collection. . . . Orchids In summer Orchids, potting Orchids, time of bloom Orchids, time of growth •Ornamental fruiting shrubs Otahelte oranges 599, Ottawa. Ont .561. 636. 708. 794. 835, Outlook for the retail florist 1C67 1264 , 859 . 482 . 522 11)8 , 263 , 768 906 1191 859 1067 , 189 3'23 390 1U85 685 440 , 118 , 144 716 1038 10U9 816 1089 1110 500 1239 , 626 438 1190 902 1137 679 626 626 5iU 816 , 912 1259 Packing and shipping cut flowers 9dl Packing and shipping flowers 39U Packing boxes 390 Packing plants for shipment 1112,1184 Pteonia festiva 1112 Pteonla officinalis 1112 Pa?onla Whlttldi 1112 Pffionles. keeping 1112 * Pa?ooles, marketing 1112 Palm growing for profit 191 •Palm leaf blight 260, •967 Palm notes 468 Palm seed, sowing 102 .232. tiS2 856 . ODti •Palm Tllla. New Orleans 8C7 Palms for decorating 277 Palms, large 212 PaDsles. ^nrlDg for winter 1231 Pansy seed, sowinp 37 Park system. Cleveland Ubl Park svstem. Essex Co.. N. J IWl Patent, Ttoral design lW-0 Patents recently grunted 81.805.1121 Pedlgi^e or grade races In horticult- ure 'Pelargoniums for Easter.. Pelargoniums In summer — Pelargoniums, polling Pelargoniums. bUirtlng..... Perennials, planting Peristrophe •Peitlgrfw. .lohn A itT Petunias. »>hifitng seedlings it£! Petunlay. sowlni: 578 Petunias, propagating Ho Phulus aniHbllls 9U2 Phalus (.ooksonl 9U2 I'halus Sandcrlana :.■ 9"2 Philadelphia -Ull. W. 85. iGe. 125. U6. 172, !'.«. Mi. 2U. -2^, 2»». 2SU, ;122. 37^i. aiM. 41H. ilS. iH). 477, 497. o\S, 53S. 5£y. iSl. ^^<^r^, t2i8. ta»;. t«2. Tie. Ti".*. 7a;. A'x s:j2. fvis. ss^, yii. ots. 'Jiv». 9yi. 1017. wii), iwB. lODu. 1110. iisy. lltS. nss. 1212. 1233, 12i;i. Phllodendrone 5*33 Phoinlx canarlenals 833 Pbuenlx KwbelenI 458 Phtenlx ruplcols 458 Phopoloblaste hexandra 682 Phrynlum viiriegiuum 579 Phyllaniliuf* nlvosus 55o Phyllotii-nlum Undenll 4lW Picture, a lovely 5W "Plerson. F. R-Co-vlew of rose bouses 12;i9 inpes. healing 510 Piping... 5*3 Piping for steam ilb Piping, greenhouse 1*'»4 nitsburg. Pa. ITf.. 978. lOO!. 1017. 1(M2. Iu78. Ii:«. llaO. 1214. I Plttafield, Mass.. 149. 3il7, tW. '.«.'. 10U2. 1237 Planting, construction of contract — Su7 Plant notes 7IM ' ■Plants, are they tlrst-claes 11>-' Planta for boxes 101- Plant shlpmente H'*', Pleasant day. a very H>8 Polnsettlas in summer HUU Polnsettlas. starting 627 PolnfCtilai', stimulating 322 I»oln.'^:tiiB>. e>umnier (-are 37 Points for practical riitn 212 l*rlmro»es, genera! treatment 881 Primroses, potting 2:c l*rofesalon. elevating the..-.. 2;« PropaRatlng house 1W« PropagaUng In April. jj2 Propagating In cocoa fibre 102 Propagation, notes on 102.122 I*ropOBed new associations, two tirt) Protective Association, benefits of.. U5 I»rovldence. R. I tiOtt l*ninas Plssardl. forcing 1U59 Pterls palmata 141 PteriB victorln" HI l*ufT ball, edible 184 Pyrethrums Iw 'Pyrus prunlfolla 5;il Rose— 'Am. Beauty, houeeof IIM —American Perfection 313 Annie Wood 1208 —Bridesmaid. . — Cnpi. liaywood — Chns. liater — CloUillde :?uupert —Crimson Ham bier — liiulrede Margotlln — Gustave Plganeau ;« —Her Majesty, pruning ... a6S,—Kal9erln Augusta Victoria 12:11 1— Lady Henry Grosvener , yoa ...1208 ..1208 ... 453 !!!i208 ...1208 — Lorna l>oone —Mme Caroline Testout — Mnrchlonessof l.iundonderry. —Margaret Boudet ... -Margaret lilekson — Marquise de Cnstellane —Meteor -Michael H. Welch —Mrs. Harkness —Mrs. Paul — 'NlphetoB. climbing —Paul's Early Blush — Kodiiciinachl — Sentitor McNaughton — Spenser Victor Hugo Seed notes. Phlla 714 Seed repurt. Neb 1072. 1194 Seeds. Import duties — 77(i Seedsmen meet 242 Seedsmen's convention, the 109S seed trade 18. Vi. 112. 154 , 178. 220. 240. 2fHi 284. o2ti, ;^. ;i7S. 41'2. 424, 444. 4W. 4SI. ij'H 5Ht). (UU, t!34, tV;4. t?M, 714. 73S, 770. 8lS. Stiti SilO. 916. 944. 1»?2. itHS, 1022. 104t>, 1U72, lUiS _._ , 1122. 1170. 121S. 12ti<;. 12i'S I Seed trade association SUii I Seed trade convention , . 12U8 ; Seed trade, knowledge in the 1137 ' Seed shop. t.Mivernment !;")S. I25;i Seeds. Wilson bill 1208 Sempervivums . .. 1208 j September color In hardy plants 1208 Seventeen vear locust 120S Shading' ... 212 Slilpnients. plant. , W>4 . 38 . 132 . 501 . om . 555 . 1K7 1154 . 855 ,UOU 12(j8 t>lilpping plants 1112 12U8 I Short span to the south 258.473 120Sl Shrubs uf Toronto's la^%'ns 904 7tK Shnibs, trimming ivi2 12LiS Slcana utro-purpurea 'X^ 1208 Sipj; e pipe svstem 573. OlO, *^ti 757 Si/eot" boiler 1054 120>s Slu^rs and snails .'*90 120S I Smllux, mulching 5U" 45:{ 901 907 102 _ peclal eiiltton notes 298 Specuilties In the business. 957 Splra'H. forcing 463 Sprln^tleld. Mass 158. W4, 1242 — Zenobta 12US Smlln.v sowing Roses—American seedlings 931 Snails on mushrooms —'Another pest 1U58 ' Soft wooded plants In spring — Btdsand benches 727 S' uu'lhinkMniiwrtant. . ... —Benches and solid beds 473 — Cnrryliigover 9t2 —Chicago notes 473.620 —Crossing — .474 —Damping clT 124 -Destroying aphis I'i*' —Diseases attacking roses W' —Dropping buds H22 —Forcing C. Soupert 45;> —For cut bloom in winter 727! — "Gontler. what can be done with — 7GU —Grubs attacking roses 1230 — Hybrids m boxes 474. 8Ut! —Hybrid teas 1229 —In Kansas 5;u -In pots 079 — In summer 1209 — Jacqueminot, forcing 620 —La h'nince and Perle. carrying over. 902 —Mme Pierre Gulllot In Chicago 020 —Mildew, remedies for ICO —Most protltuble varieties 727 ISew touthern .. 2l3i Notes -114 Planting HI — Planiing under glass 1U»5 I Hotting Hi Propagating H Propagating Beauty 001 Red spider 124 -Hose growlrg, science and facts of successful 11 —"Roses at Toronto 475, 477 —Seasonable hints 144 — Seasonable notes 124 -Soil 11 -Soil for hybrid teas 122it -Spnttodfullage 373 — Siiinulaiitti 11 Rose and strawberry show li;w Rose society. American 105 Rubbers, propagating 907 Toronto 52. 70. 114. 131, 148. 180, VM\, 210. 21S 2tr2. 288, 328. 384, 440. 470, 4TS. W.K -M'.'. ;ViO 501. 5S0. O04, WiO, m<, 711). 742. 7'.12. S'^il, S:i4 st;y. Sits. 912. mo. 970, louo. luio, ion. 1070 1094. 1117, 114U. lliS. 1192,1214, 1234, 1272. Toronto »how, judging at 208 Toronto show, the 2M Trade exhibit, the 1232 Trading on death 9'2*> •Travelling greenhouse, a. . Ill* Trees for city use 805. 932, lu52 Trees, overhanging 255 •Tuberous begonias at World's Fair.. 20:^ Tulips after forcing 212 Tulips, boxing 105 Tulips for Christmas 413 Tulips, pink La Heine 080 U Under the rose 1032 United States Nurseries spring show.. 700 . ... 413 .:k&, goo .... 959 211 554 143 ....1133 107 .. 102 , 143 123 Spring plant trade 1181 Stnphvlea colchlca 558.079 Stock house. :irrangement of 757 St'ire iiutnageiiieiit. hints on 1131 Storint; plants, charge for ftiW Strobilunthes Dyerlanus 757 Study up 1210 •Sobralla. blight of 7ia; Society of American Florists 5n Thlbautlunum 025 Kh Rijclera ffratiwlma 211 Uomaiu, mnlchlDC 322 St. I»uls 48. 74. 90. 107. 126. 14ft. 174. 194 215, %k;. ,t75, 3.%, 428. 439. 4*iO. 4KS, .Vr2. 519 539, 5»». 5S2. OU-I. tMU. 0;W. i*'*\. i-'M. 70.S. 710 7tZI. 812. .s:;-!. 8>t.'. ,S80. 912. '.ttS, '.iT4. H1I8 1U40. IWA. 1100, 1117, 1110, nm. 11S8. 1214 12:10. I2i;2. St. Ixjuls Florists" Bowling Club 89ti St. Ivoulsto Atlantic City 12i'^l St. Paul. Minn. 240. 2tU. 282. ;^82, 418. l.Vt .V*. (W5. lilW. 7;iS. 8;t'i. H72. 922. 948. 992. lUlT 1150. lUV;, 1091, 1118. 1162. 1191. 1220, St. Joseph. Mo 1121 Sanchezla nobllls 5&^i President's address —St. l^uls convention —Secretary's report —The Clark side —Trade exhibit at St. Louis.. . . —Westward. Ho Solanums Some "Poutry" Sophro-Cattleya Batemaniana Sophro Cattleya Veltchll Sophro-LajUo Veltchll Suit, a funny - 1148 Surplus, to move the. ''92 Swalnsona galeglfolla alba 1000 Sweet peas lt'22 Sweet peas at their best 1 159 Sweet peas, California 1159 Sweet peas, forcing .277. ol5 Sweet peas, fresh information regard- ing io;t Sweet peas, how to force 373 Sweet peas in California lOOl Sweet peas, sowing 837 "Sweet peas under glass 1230 Syracuse, N. Y J28 Valley for Christmas Valley, forcing Valley, growing for forcing... •Vallota purpurea . Variety In spring stock •Vases and veranda boxes — •Vases, arrangement of *Vase. cast iron •Vases, tilling Verbena venosa •Veranda boxes Vinca. propagating 579 Violet disease .... 554 Violet, fresh Information about 592 A'lolet Ladv Hume Campbell. .520, OUO. 703 Violet pit.." 234 Violets 6'27. 1033 Violets, fostlte on 882 Violets from cuttings 553 Violets, growing outof disease 840 Vit>let8, liquid manure 554 N'iulets. mulching 553 Violets, poor root action 553 \'iolet.s. taking runners . 855 Vine, a promising 233 Vivid imaginullon 220 *Von Slon, Imperfect 1038 Table decoration •415, •417. MUl, •455 Tarlt! on seed Oil) •Tarnlshetl plant lum KiS Tar paper In grccu houses 1104 Telegraphlr.ndc. .saggcstlons for 272 Tcloplinrie, our 023. 1208 Trrrilili- (laimcr illscovered 20; Ti-.\iis SccH M . failure of 1122 'I'hiTnionu-ter. electric SOt! The^Ino^tat. greenhouse 4(W San Francisco 223, 9^1. 1042. 1070, 1I2h! Tlllun.lsla Llndenll 211 Bantollna Incana 144 1 Toads In the greenhouse 1178, 120 1 Secret out, the 44H|Tobacco. vaporizing It'iO W Wages 990 Washington 215. 39ti. 401. 499, 510, 5;^. 501, 583. WI4. 02'.t. 084, 814. 835. 883, 911. 1015. 1C05. use. Washington park, Chicago 1030 Watering 413 Water snal Is 12W We all know her 850 •Wedding decorations at N. Y 390 Wholesale tlower trade 1157 Wilson bill, the 894 •Wire basket or stand Wise policy, is It Wood ashes on benciies. , Worchester, Mass.. 111. S12. S40. 9.'.U. 1017, 1128. 1100. 1215. 1241. World's Fair 13, :i;>, 84, 101, 170. 210. 230. 2.".1. 2'.t2. —'Arrangement of orchids and ferns. .281 — Awardsat . 171 — • Bast n of aquatics 173 —•Bed of Alphonse Bouviercanna... 259 -Chrysanthemum show... 253, 2lff. 310, 3;«. — 'Drecr's display — *Fani'> faliulhiiiis — 'Hanlv plants —•Old laNliliincd garden -Outni the lulr —•Rose gunleri. corner in — •Tubenms bcgunlas —'View In N. ^'. greenhouse... •View of cannu display Worlds tulr. hurtlculture at.. Wi>rld'8 talr ImpresBlons. World's horlicultural stclety., Worth striving for.... Would come through quck 1130 Zlon gardens bOO .. 105 ..1080 ..1164 401. 530. 510. 071. •■•• W .... 279 .... 171 .... 173 .... 2yv .... 107 .... 203 .... 83 .... 257 853 .... 104 08 1210 RmBrica is "the Prow of the I/bsse1; ihere mag be mare comfort Rmidships, but u/e are the Erst ta touch Unknown Seas,' Vol. IX CHICAGO AND HEW YORK. AUGUST 10, 1893. No. 271 f LiHiE l^'smmmm (FiLi^eosir Copyright 1893, by American Florist Company. Entered as Second-Class Mail Matter. Published every Thursday by THE American florist company. 322 Dearborn Street, Chicag^o. Subscription, SI. 00 a year. To Europe, »2.00. Address all coinmuuications to AMERICAN FLORIST COMPANY, p. O. Drawer 164, CHICAGO. Eastern Office: 67 Bromfield St., Hoston. SOCIETY OF AMERICAN FLORIST. WM. R. SsnTH, Washington, D. C. president; PROF. Wm. Trelease. St. Louis. Mo., vice-president; WM. J. Stewart. 07 Bromfleld St.. Boston, Mass. secretary; M. A. HUNT. Terre Haute, Ind.. treasurer. CONTENTS. St. I.ouis convention 1 — President's address 2 — Report of secretary 4 Carnations 4 Westward, Ho! .5 Chrysanthemums^Eench grown chrysanthe- mums (with five illus) 6 Labor saving devices 9 Roses— Successful rose growing 11 Dwarfed Japanese maples (with illus) . ... 13 The World's Fair . . 13 Increasing the love of Sowers 14 The horticultural congress 14 New York 16 The seed trade 18 Philadelphia 20 Chicago 22 Foreign notes 24 Baltimore 26 Carnation Notes. While nearly all the fungoid diseases affecting the carnation have been well studied and the results of the investiga- tions printed in these pages, there is no class of diseases with wliich the grower is less familiar. The scientific descriptions are little understood by the florist and they need to be written up in a practical way. Unless a very close observer one would hardly recognise any of these troubles in their early stages. The spores are ever present in the atmosphere ready to attack the plant whenever the oppor- tunity offers; but the beginning is so small as not to be recognizable excepting under the microscope. The two most im- portant diseases of this class are known as spot and rust. Spot seems to have accompanied the carnation in all its rambles. Wherever we find the carnation we find more or less spot. The plants will be free from it at times and at others it will be so bad as to destroy them. It is our belief that proper attention to the plants, keeping them in a thrifty growing condition, is the best preventive we can name. The spot is more the result of bad manage- ment and uncongenial surroundings, and naturally follows a weakened condition of the plant. W. R. Shelmire. St. Louis Convention. The ninth annual convention of the Society of American Florists opened at the Exposition Building, St. Louis, at 11:15 a. m. Wednesda3-, August 9. There were about four hundred members present. The hall was prettily decorated with bunting, plants and vases of flowers. Mr. J. M.Jordan, on behalf of the St. Louis Florists' Club, opened the meeting with a few words of welcome, and ex- pressed the hope that the society's staj- would be pleasant and profitable. He said that, while the attendance might be less than at former meetings, still he saw in the upturned faces before him the intel- lect, the will and the ability to accom- plish great things. He hoped that their deliberations would be free and full, and that the society would advance another step upon the ladder of floriculture and horticulture. He then introduced, as a representative citizen of St. Louis, one who had laid aside pressing official duties and waiting visitors to say a few words on the important subject before the con- vention— the Mayor of the cit}-, Hon. Cyrus P. Walbridge. Ma3'or Walbridge was received with great applause. He said that, in looking at a beautiftd flower he had often won- dered how it was possible for a single stem to absorb ft-om the soil and and the air all the various colors in that flower and deposit them in such S3-stematic per- fection. He had often asked himself, "Where is this switchman who tells the purple where to go, what signal does he make to the crimson or the blue to take a certain track and stop at a certain place — who is the General Manager of this per- fect, complicated sj'stem which never makes a mistake and never finds an open switch. [.Applause.] W as there a florist here who could tell him — was there a botanist present who could answer? If compelled to do so, such a one would fall back on the answer of the father, when his infant son had reached the limit of parental knowledge, who was obliged to respond, 'God.' "These representative men and women had not come here to listen to speech- making. .\ man must be presumptions indeed who would attempt to entertain with flowers of rhetoric the people whose lives are devoted to the cultivatioii ,7f +'.Ys . ju, .!L' 'S' '-•}<](! of the but a man must be poor ii,i.^^ . -(piiaij^ elements that make the man if he cuu.. not extend a cordial welcome to such people in the home of Henry Shaw." [.\pplause.] This welcome, the mayor said, he did now extend. In the name of the city he bid the visitors "God speed", the freedom of her gates he extended to them, concluding with the wish that thev might be successful in their efforts to ob- tain a more cfteetual way to assist nature in her endeavors to beautify this world. [Cheers.] The response to the mayor's words of welcome was made on behalf of the society by Mr. E. A. Seidewitz, of Balti- more. After saj'ing that he scarcely knew what reply to make to these short and sweet words, he referred to the objections to meeting at St. Louis, unsuccessfully brought forward last year when the invi- tation to come here was extended. Chief among these was, that "St. Louis is hot." He thought ifthe^' had been told, "St. Louis is smoky," thej' would not have been dis- appointed. But behind the dark smoke he had found brightness and progress — a progressive city, to see which did an American good. St. Louis possessed an- other characteristic. Of all genuine symbols of welcome the handshake is the most significant; and the chairman of the committee on trade exhibits had given him (Seidewitz) an evidence of this on his arrival by one of those hand-shakes which made the visitor feel it came strong and direct from the heart. After hearing the maj'or's greeting, the delegates felt more than satisfied they had come among a truly hospitable people. [Applause.] ".Although St. Louis is a city •of com- paratively recent date," continued the speaker, "we have ouh' to look arotmd to see at every step the evidences of prog- ress, and we eastern people must admit that we have much to learn from our western brethren. As we were crossing the great liindge last night I realized that we were entering a city great in progress and industry; and when I reflect that men like Henry Shaw, of whom the maj-or has spoken, have been natives of St. -Louis I know that the city is one in which the love of horticulture has not declined." These considerations the speaker be- lieved were stimulants to the society' to make its work, at the present meeting, exceptionallj' creditable and its progress specially marked. [Applause.] Referring particularly to one phase of the address, which he thought was one that all ought to take to heart, he said: "All the mem- bers of this societ}', I believe, are patriotic Americans; we have a kindly feeling for the men across the water engaged in the same profession in which we are engaged; yet, if nothing else, patriotic pride and correct ideas of political conomv should stimiilp*^,.:." +r;,:,' 'f-y ■ :.' -im. :li()S£ ; .stfSn^ltWhrtrdly it.Tfiic. TliifM* - Treasurer Hunt's _^^ .ih ance of $2,125 i^ the treasury of tbc S. A. F. Amorg the notable visitors at the con- ^^"t^Von were Geo. Nicholson, curator of tue Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Eng- land, Prof. Dr. L. Wittmack, Berlin, Ger- many; Ludv;ig Schiller, Germany; M. Leraoine, Paris; E. H. Krelage, Holland. At the morning session Thursday Rob- ert Kift, on behalf of Philadelphia, nom- inated Atlantic, X. J., for the next conven- tion. John Burton seconded the nomina- tion. No other nomination being made Atlantic City was the unanimous choice. Nomination of officers being next in order, E. G. Gillett nominated M. A. Hunt of Terre Haute, Ind.; J. M. Jordan nominated J. T. Anthony of Chicago; D. B. Long nominated John Burton of Phil- adelphia. Mr. Hunt declined the nomin- ation for president with thanks for honor conferred. For vice-president Robert Kift was nominated by W. K. Harris; for sec- retary Wm. J. Stewart, nommated by John Thorpe, and for treasurer M. A. Hunt was nominated by J. M. Jordan. R. F. Tesson then read his essay on rose growing (see elsewhere in this issue). The discussion was quite animated and was participated in by Messrs. Hunt, Turnley, Dillon, Jordan, Coles and Elliott. P. O'Mara reported for the committee on express rates, and on motion of Mr. Hill a hearty vote of thanks was given the committee for its efficient services. John Burton withdrew his name as candidate for president. Thursdaj' afternoon a large number availed themselves of the opportunity to visit the Missouri Botanical Gardens and inspect the grand collection of rare plants. They were met at the entrance by Professor Trelease, and after being escorted through the grounds were in- vited by the trustees of the garden to partake of a tempting lunch, which was spread on tables under the trees. A group photograph was taken afterwards on the lawn. Before departing three cheers were given for Prof. Trelease, who reluctantly responded to repeated calls with a few complimentary words. At the evening session W. G. Berter- mann's essay on horticultural exhibitions was read by the secretary and was well discussed by Messrs. Seidewitz, Hunts- man, Anthony and Hill. A voteof thanks was extended to Mr. Bertermann. Mr. Gurnev's essay, "Old and reglected plants worthy of more general use in outdoor decoration," was then read. President Smith then called upon Mr. George Nicholson of Kew Gardens, whom he introduced as a man whose name is a household word in America. Mr. Nichol- son spoke in high praise of America and Americans and briefly expressed his sym- pathy with the views expressed by Mr. Gurney. The paper was further discussed by E. H. Michel and J. C. Vaughan. Robert Craig then read his response to the question, how to increase the love of flowers among the people. Mr. Craig's paper was received with great, applause, J. M. Jordan then call the Hail Associa- tion to order, and the annual meeting of that body was held. President's Address. LADIES AND GENTLEMAN, MEMBERS OF THE Society of AjiericanP'lorists, and Friends: Custom makes it a duty for j'our President to make you an address — a sort of President's- message, if j'ou will. Well, then, first let us congratulate our- selves, on this our 9th anniversary, as to "^-»Vv- vi"'OfPns :'ondition, which mc rejKjrts of your officers will sliu, V" You will ])ermit me to ask a (|ucstion, asked, I know, at some previous conven- tions, but of a different character from this one, however. What are we here for? My answer is, we are here to increase and diffuse a knowledge of ornamental horticulture, in all its various subdivi- sions, among the sons and daughters of men. A higher mis.sion hath no one. To elevate the esthetic soul of a people, to place before them things of beauty, joys forever, as Keats has grandly phrased it. The occupation is worthy of the intellect it has secured. The genius of a Thorpe, the intellectual powers of Craig and Hill, the enthusiasm of May and Jordan, the business tact of Norton and Dean, our predecessors in office, would add lustre to any profession. There are many others, Ijut time will not permit us to mention them. As we lookback through the short vista of ten years, what noble men have left us to find their reward in a higher evolved condition! The image and shadow makers receive due praise and profit of which we grudge them not; but now the workmen and artists who pre- sent to the mind's eye of the people the beautiful reality — the thing itself^are they not entitled to more credit than they have ever claimed? Ralph Waldo Emerson, one of Ameri- ca's greatest thinkers, sa^'S, "Flowers were made for the service of the soul." W'hat food for thought there is in these words! We all know that there are many minds so dull in the esthetic part of their nature that, as Wordsworth says, "A primrose by a river brim, a yellow prim- rose was to him, and it was nothing more!" We once had occasion in our official capacity to escort a party of our selected great men sent to Congress, through the conservatories at Washington. One of them, a narrow utilitarian crank, when he came to the Orchid House, said, "What are the darned things worth anj-- how?" Our remark was, "M3' dear sir, if the Great Architect of the imiverse had been studying economy when he made you, He would have put you on four feet and fed you on grass." My friend, James A. McKenzie, of Kentuckj', then in Con- gress, now our Minister to Peru, carried the joke somewhat further, but we will leave that to the imagination. We have but little sympathy with the purely utili- tarian school. We pitj- those who live but to eat, but glory in those who eat to live, and find their soul's food in the beaut3- of the daisy and the heather, the shamrock and the rose, the chrj'santhe- mum and the carnation, the lih' and the orchid; not that the latter should be be- hind iron bars, as was suggested at a previous meeting, unless it is a silver or even a golden bar to confine it on the breast of beauty's self^oveh' woman. Buckle says in his "Influence of Women on the Progress of Knowledge," "Women, hy encouraging in men de- ductive habits of thought, have rendered an immense though unconscious service to the progress of knowledge, bj' prevent- ing scientific investigators from being as exclusively inductive as they would oth- erwise be." He also says, farther on: " Those among you who are interested in botany are aware that the highest morphological generalization we p ssess respecting plants is the gx'cat law of metamorphosis according to which the stamens, pistils, corollas, bracts, petals, and so forth, various parts of ever3' plant, are simply modified leaves. It is now known that these various ;)arts — different in shape, tlinerent in color, and different in function — are successive stages of the leaf epochs, as it were, of its history. Tlic (jucstion naturalh' arises, who made this dis- covery? Was it some inductive investiga- tor, who had spent years in experiments and minute observations of plants, and who, with indefatigable industry, had collected them, classified them, given them hard names, dried them, laid them up in his herbarium, that he might at leisure stud\- their structure and rise to their laws? Not so. The discoverj' was i8g3' The American Florist. made b_v Goethe, the greatest poet Ger- manj' has produced, and one of the great- est the world has ever seen. And he made it, not in spite of being a poet, 1)ut be- cause he was a poet. It was his brilliant imagination, his passion for beautv, and his exquisite conception of form, which supplied him with ideas, from which rea- soning, deductively, he arrived at conclu- sions by descent, noC by ascent. When the discovery was announced by Goethe, the botanists not only rejected it, but were filled with wrath at the notion of a jjoet invading their territor\-. What! a man who made verses and wrote pla\'s, a mere man of imagination, a poor creature who knew nothing of facts, who had not even used the microscope, who had made no great experiments on the growth of plants, was he to enter the sacred pre- cincts of physical science, and give himself out as a philosopher? It was too absurd. But Goethe, who had thrown his idea upon the world, could afford to wait and abide his time." The transmutation of partsasnidicrted in the foregoing extract tells us how, and by what means. Madam Nature rewards Madam Industry with those double flow- ers which fill with delight all lovers of the beautiful. We are fortunate in having selected as our place of meeting the city of St. Louis — a city adopted as his home, many years ago, by a young Englisliman who, bv patient, honest industry guided bj- good judgment, gathered a handsome fortiuie in its midst. He, with patriotic ardor, intelligence, and gratitude in his heart. Selected this city for the establishment and liberal endowment of the Missouri Botanic Garden. It is hoped men of means in other cities will follow his illus- trious exani])le. When deliberating on the matter he called to his council two great men of whom this country will alwavsbe proud — Prof Spencer P^. Baird, of the Smithsonian Institution, and Dr. Asa (Jray, of Cambridge, Mass. It was my jirivilege to share their friendship for nearl}- forty 3'ears. Words tail me to ex- press my exalted opinion of them Ijoth. Among other good advice given to Mr. Shaw, thej' recommended Prof Trelcase as Director, and I am satisfied from what I have seen that our kind, genial Vice- President is the right man in the right place. "If departed ghosts are e're iicrmitted to review the world," Mr Shaw will be at Tower Grove on Thursday next, and return delighted to that heaven where the spirits go "that love their fellow- men." An erudite and extra- well-read friend of mine says, "It is written in the books that next to the Christian religion the studj' of the vegetable kingdom has done more and is calculated to do more for the civilization of mankind than anv other pursuit of knowledge." By a little u,scof the imagination, viewing the subject in its various correlations, we canbetterap- preciate the value of Mr. Shaw's great gift to the people of Missouri — and to the world for that matter. One of the rulers in Rome, just Ijefore the advent of Christ, asked Vii-gil to write a poem to make agriculture popu- hir — hence the Georgics. Every thinking ruler everywhere since has desired the same thing. We have a suggestion to make on this subject, viz: Remove the compost heap from the front yard; introduce in its stead a little orna- mental horticulture. Feed the esthetic nature of the inmatesof your home. Your brightest boys and girls will not be so anxious to leave it if the nobler part of their nature is fed. If thevdo leave home they will have the fondest recollection of their earlier days, and in all probability will return to rural pursuits in the after- noon of life. The child that smiles so sweetly on its mother's knee, becomes a picture of delight as you offer it a flower; the urchin on the street who begs one shows the latent love for the beautiful, which, alas! is too often neglected. How much of this is due to hereditv, how much is innate, we will leave to "Dalton and other scientists to determine. I presume most of vou have read the able essay of Mr. Farquhar, in our last year's report, about missionary work among children. We sometimes hear of a glut in the flower market. We would like to suggest that flowers be given to the children and the hospitals— to those who can't buy, rather than f:o those who won't. We had hoped and fully expected to conduct this meeting under the inspirit- ing influence and guidance of a national charter, but "the best laid schemes o' mice and men gang aft aglee." With a unanimous vote in the llnited States Senate, and many of the ablest men in that Vjody taking a warm,kindlv interest in its passage; with the chairnian of the Committee on Agriculture, to whom the bill was referred by the House, actively and earnestly trying in every way topa.ss it, backed by his committee, it ue /erthe- less failed. This Society is under a deep debt of gratitude to Representative Wm. H. Hatch, of this great State, for his un- tiring efforts in our behalf. It is only a question of time, however, before wehave a charter, and necessary arrangements for the change to a chartered society must be made at this meeting. A few- statistics will show how important an industry the Society represents. The census report for 1891 shows that there are 4,659 floral establishments in the United States, eni])loying 10,847 men and 1,958 women. Their fuel costs over $1,000,000; their advertising about the same— that is, independent of catalogues; they pay for postage $767,438.21; for freight and expressage $1,088,612.41. The sales of cut flowers, hardy shrubs, roses, and other miscellaneous ornamen- tal ijlants amount to .$26,211,805.77. It is safe to say there is an increase of 20 per cent, on the above figures since then. •The report prepared by J. H. Hale tor the Census Office has manj^ other interesting items on the subject of commercial flon- cultnre. It does full justice to the S. A. F. We nmde application to the State and Treasury Departments at Washington for correct information as to imports. While acknowledging the kind courtesies of the officers of both departments, owing to im- perfect classification of subjects, no proper division being made between ornamental and useful articles, we nevertheless got enough to make the statement that we send to the Netherlands, Germany, Eng- land, France, Belgium, and Bermuda over $1,750,372 lor bulbs, plants and seeds. It becomes a question for everv jjatriotic .American to consider how niuch of this sum can we retain on this side of the .Vtlantic. We seek no special protection, Intellect and industry with cheap land as against cheap labor "should be our agents. This Society, socially, and by the aid of printer's ink, difl^using proper informa- tion as to what is wanted and how to grow it, will soon secure the desired re- sult. California has already taken up the subject of producing such seeds, bulbs and plants as her climate is suitable for. On Long Island, in the State of New York, we saw, two weeks ago, on one estate alone, ninety acres of fine, healthv gladio- lus—millions of bulbs. To the Long Island florists, we are told, is due the credit that the gladiolus has been changed from an import to an export item of trade. Ten years ago they were all im- ported. Their price has been reduced to $10 per 1,000. I am told by experts that many millions of tuberose bulbs are grown in North Carolina and several other Southern States for domestic and export business. A few years ago they were all imported— their price $10 per thousand. I would like to call the attention of gTowers to the millions of Roman hya- cinths used, and ask. Can't thevbegrown somewhere on this side of the Atlantic? The character of the buildings erected is another evidence of the progress of flori- culture. ,\ leading firm has informed me that they have erected 40 ranges of greenhouses during the last twelve months, emljracing 250,000 square feet of glass surface. I would earnestly reconnnend a Com- mittee on Statistics to be formed, to con- sist of five or more members, and that each State Vice-President be ex officio a member of the same. The value of such a committee cannot be over-estimated. A high official in the State Department nmde the suggestion that we prepare a set of interrogatories, and they will send them to our consuls for the much needed correct iuformation as to what we pur- chase abroad. Your committee could do this and gather other valuable statisti- cal information, particularly as to the general progress of the profession, etc. Your Committee on Nomenclature has been of great advantage to the trade; it has greatly purified the catalogues; its very existence has a beneficial result. ' "A chiel's amang you takin'notes, and, faith, he'll prent them," acts as a deterrent to many an exaggerated description. A word about chrysanthemums. Whether the .society of that name should be an allied but separate organization or a section of the chartered Societv of .American Florists should receive your thoughtful, serious consideration. "The society has done wonders. When Mr. Thorpe wrote me a friendly letter, about nine years ago, telling m"e, in his usual enthusiastic way, that the Chrvsanthe- mum was, as he styled it. "the coming flower," 1 was a doubting Thomas, coi° tinning so for some years until I saw at Madison Square Garden a vase with six flowers of Ivory. My enthusiasm led me to visit that vase again and again, with friends and without them. I invited Mr. Wm. K. Harris, not then but now Presi- dent of the chrysanthemum Societv, to take a look at it, when he, blushing modestly, informed me that he was the raiser of it; that it was his child. Never will the memory of that beautiful vase pass from me; it will forever be a day- dream. We all like to ask questions, as witness our question-box. Is it not possible to reduce the long list of chrysanthemums? S' by dropping some no longer near the ';J ind those so near alike that . -y are hardly entitled to a separate name. This is simply a suggestion. Think of these things. We would like to make the same suggestion to the newdv formed Carnation Scciety. Make everv efl^ort to keep your lisit as short as possible. Whether you form yourself into a sepa- rate allied association or become a sec- tion of our chartered Society, it is our duty to help you, our little infant, along; you are a child of great promise. For the Hail Association we would like to say a word. It has had livelv agents The American Florist. Aug. lo^ in the shape of large hailstones doing sad work amongst plants and glass lately. Sueh as are not insured should eonsider the subject. You will learn all about the Florist's Protective Association from the address on that subject to be delivei'ed at this meeting. We are under grcjit obligation to the press of the countrj', especiallj- those who disseminate correct information on our topics. To them we make a polite bow, and saj', Thank you. To the papers con- nected with the trade and those devoted to ornamental horticulture in its various departments we would say, God speed you; may you live long and prosper. We come now to the subject of subjects at present engrossing jiublic attention — the World's Fair, now being held in an adjoining citj'. Not having been there yet, I cannot speak of my own knowl- edge, but I have an abiding faith in the skill and ingenuity of Mr. Thorpe. Mr. Craig, than whom there is no bet- ter judge, says: "The Directors of the Exhibition show a just appreciation of the importance of decorative hortieultiu'e when they pro- vided the magnificent building known as Horticultural Hall, which, with the Wooded Island, has been a source of the greatest interest and delight to the throngs of visitors; no part of the great exhibition has been more constantly crowded, and every feature has been en- jo3'ed. First, the ehr^'santhemunis last fall; then the winter months, when the other departments weie almost desolate, were cheered with grand displays ot primulas, cyclamens, cinerarias, calceo- larias, etc., in rapid succession, and the interest will continue until the Queen of Autunni again presides over the closing festivities." I have said nothing as yet about the great work our Society has done since its organization. As artists and cultivators the florist of to-day is so superior in most things to ten years ago that the only comparison I can find is as light to dark- ness. Were I to go back fortj' 3'ears and describe the bouquet, flowers lashed to a stick — next came broom-straws, paper frills, toothpicks, etc. — ho wall this change came about would take too long to tell. We can only say, I think, the peculiar peojile living in Boston had something to do with it. To-day the artistic presenta- tion of flowers to customers receives tlie most careful studj'. The men in the ad- vance on this subject have, by pen and pencil in the horticultural ])ress, rendered great service to art in its highest sense. All over the country this change has taken place. It is partly — I may say chiefly — due to the annual gathering of the S. .\. F. Such members as stay at home thinking they get all in the report are very much mistaken. The intellectual side dishes are rich and rare — theoiiportimity to glean ideas from intelligent men on the excursion who would shrink from writing an essay; the aside discussion of the subject up for de- bate; the grand opjiortunity to sec face to face those you deal with, whose books or articles j-ou read from lime to time. An old adage r|Uoted by President Craig in his Chicago address I will repeat: "When you go from home you go to school." He adds, "Those who travel with open eyes can always learn some- thing." To yoimg men ofthejjrofession I would say never miss this golden ojiportunity to measure your.sclf Self-examination is a grand improver of the mind; confess to one another; seek as companions those who will improve you or be improved by you; enjoy the feast of reason and flow of soul these occasions always present. They are red-letter times in jny memory, de- voted, as I have been, from childhood's early days to my profession. I never come to our meetings without great benefit. This age of specialists makes it especially an age of progress. The orchid, the rose, the palm, the fern, and the many other plants and flowers that have been made specialties of by many different men, all mingling together on these oc- casions, presents an opportunity for im- provements for j'oung and old that I, for one, would dislike to lose. I love my oc- cupation. I think no one should engage in it who does not. It is, as I have said before, one of the grandest pursuits on earth. The occasional sneer of gilt-edge medi- ocrity that "he is only a gardener" has been grandlj' answered by a gardener's son, niy prophet, priest and king — Robert Burns — in his glorious declaration of in- dependence. That ' The rank is but the guinea-stamp — The man's the gowd for a' that. ****** The honest man, tliough e'er sae puir, Is king o' men, for a' that. ****** Then let us pray, that come it may, As come it will, for a' that. That sense and worth o'er a' the earth, May bear thegree, and a' that." Young men, look to it. You have a grand, elevating and ennobling profes- .sion. You can aid in "preserving the dignity of man with soul erect." The American gardener of the future, if manly in his character, will stand \\\) a "Triton among the minnows," engaged in preparing the soul of the people for that higher evolution where hope points to eternal bliss and happiness. It shall soon cease to be the boast that ancestors were successful robbers orbutchers of men, but that the glory of our aneentral tree, past, present and future, will be that we advanced the love for the beautiful. Our creed is: "This world is full of beauty, as other wo:lds above. 0, if man would do his duty and fill it full oflove," then would come tile millennial period, when, in the words of the grand ])oet-prophet, Isaiah, "They shall beat their swords into plow- shares and their siJcars into pruning hooks; nations shall not lift swords against nations, neither shall they learn war any more." When beauty, love and truth are the suprtine rulers then this earth will be an Eden. Report of Secretary Stewart. The eighth annual convention of the Society of American Florists, which was held at Washington one year ago, was one of the most satisfactory and in some respects the most notable on record. A location so convenient to the great horticultural centers, together with the numerous attractions to be found in the Capitol City, formed a combination which would naturally draw together a large number of visitors but might hardly be expected to ensure a good attendance at the sessions, in fact the reverse might reasonably be looked for. So it is grat- ifying to record that notwithstanding the extent of the diversions offered by the City of Washington itself and pro- vided by the generosity of our hospitable hosts, the National Gardeners' Club, the sessions wire the largest and most uni- formly attended in the society's history. The essays were all good and the various subjects were discussed with intelligence and ability, as a perusal of the published report will show. The trade exhibit was the first since the adoption of the new regulations, the value of which was ap- paient in the completeness of the arrange- ments and the absence of all dissatisfac- tion. Twenty-one certificates of merit were awarded by the judges. One each by the committee on bulbs and seeds and on florists' supplies, two for mechanical appliances, four by the cut flower com- mittee, six by the plant committee, and seven for miscellaneous exhibits. The executive committee held its annual meeting in this city last January, when many matters pertaining to the welfare of the society were considered and the general plan for this convention was mapped out. The finances were found to be in good shape and the general condi- tion of the society prosperous. The extent to which the so-called auxiliary societies should be accorded participation in our sessions was considered at length, and in response to what seemed to be a general desire the new departure indicated in our program for this meeting was adopted as an experiment. Two impor- tant special committees that will make their report at this session have been active and the arrangement effected by one of them, especially the committee on express rates on plants, etc., is regarded by many as among the most valuable services rendered to the trade in general by the Society of American Florists. The number of members paying dues for 1892 was 829, of which number 174 were new accessions and 22 were former members reinstated on payment of ar- rearages. The new members are credited ' as follows: To California, Georgia, Kan- sas, Louisiana, Maine, Tennessee, Ver- mont, West Virginia, Quebec and japan one each; Connecticut, Kentucky, Ontario and Bermuda two each; North Carolina and Wisconsin three each; Iowa four; Illinois and Indiana five each; Missouri six; Virginia seven; New Jersey eight; Ohio nine; District of Columbia and Massachusetts eleven each; Maryland twenty; New Y'ork twenty-six; Pennsyl- vania thirty-eieht. The number of de- linquents suspended for non-payment of dues was 214, and the number of resig- nations during the year was 4-0. We have lost four members by death since our last meeting. E. N. McLaughlin, of Boston, died April 1, 1893; Lucius T. Peck, of Boston, April 10, 1893; Thomas Lawrance, of Ogdensburg, N.Y., June 27, 1893, and J. Enos Dickerman, of Calais, Me., July 17, 1893. It is sad to lose even one of our members by death. But in view of the average annual death rate in an organization as large as this we have cause for congratulation and thankful- ness that our loss during the past year has been numerically so small. Let us hope that a kind Providence will con- tinue to so favor us and permit us to enjoy for many years to come the pleas- ure of meeting the old familiar faces and exchanging those fraternal greetings which have come to mean so much to us in these annual gatherings. Carnations. BT C. 11. ALLEX. [Read bc/ote the Society 0/ American Florists at t/ie St. Louis convention.] Mr. President, Ladies and Gentle men: — The history of the carnation — its value to tlie trade, the diseases to which it is subject and the remedies for the same — have been so frequently and ably dis- cussed by its specialists that, without going over the same series of facts and incidents pertaining to propagation and i8g3- The American Florist. development, there is but little to be said. It may be taken without question that the florists from every section of our country, honored as they are by the presence of those from other countries with mutual interests, are not here as- sembled to hear echoes of past experiences, but to hear sounded some new note in the scale of culture, or in the line of develop- ment of the flower for which the American Carnation Society was organized to foster. There are apparently but two points in the cultivation of the carnation to be con- sidered at this time, and the importance of these, briefly stated, will be sufficient food for thought for the grower for at least another year. Our experience with the carnation shows us that in two re- spects it is a neglected flower, when com- pared with other objects for the florist's care. To get flowers of any desired class of superior merit there are certain indis- pensable conditions to be observed. The first is to secure healthy plants, those with constitutions that will enable them to assimilate the greatest amount possi- ble of plant food. Strength is a necessary condition of reproduction, and from Nature's standpoint plants are only re- producers through the agency of their flowers. It, therefore, follows that strength of plant and abundance of flow- ers are cause and effect. The first neglect we shall notice in the propagation of the carnation is that selection as a means of increased vitality is sadly overlooked. When any plant has been grown for a long series of years under unnatural conditions, as in the case of carnations from cuttings, instead of from seeds, there will be a natural ten- dency towards deterioration, which will manifest itself in various ways, the more common being an impoverished vitality. This is attributed to the too commonly expressed opinion that varieties run out. Varieties do run out, but from neglect in a majority of cases. When the same care is used to perpetuate a variety that was given by the systematic hybridizer to produce it there will be no deterioration. When varieties like Silver Spray, Butter- cup, Wm. Scott, Edna Craig and num- erous other excellent sorts are produced the great object is to perpetuate thtm. To that end the greatest care in selection should be observed, health being the im- portant consideration. Cuttings should, in all cases, be taken from plants showing the greatest vigor in growth, color and substance of foliage and a tendency to free flowering. It is the ultimate olyect of all plant life to produce seed, and the plants showing the greatest tendency to bloom show, as a rule, the greatest amount of vitality, and from such plants should cuttings be taken. Hence has arisen the general opinion that cuttings should be taken only from stems bearing flowers. With due respect to disseminators of new vari- eties, it is our opinion that the tendency of the trade is to make the most of a variety rather than the best. The eff'ort has not been to select with a view to developing health and strength, but to produce as many plants as possible, while they bring a high price because of their novelty. The general impression is that the car- nation will not stand as much manure as the rose or chrysanthemum. Quoting from Phillip's Flora Historica, published in 1820, Maddock recommends a com- post of one-half rotten horse dung one year old, or that has been used in a hot- bed, one-third fresh, sound, loamy earth, one-sixth coarse sea or river sand. These ingredients are to be mixed together in autumn and used the following spring or autumn. Mr. Hogg (at the same time) recommends at the rate of three barrows full of loam, one and a half barrows of garden mould, ten barrows of horse dung, one barrow of coarse sand, to be mixed and thrown together in a heap or ridge and turned two or three times in frosty weather. On a dry day toward the end of November take a barrow full of fresh lime which, as soon as it is slacked, strew it over while hot in turning the heap. This destroys the slugs, worms and grubs. Compare these formulas with the com- posts used by the majority of growers of this country to-day. As an experiment last September I planted a bench of Lizzie McGowan in soil, one-half well rotted cow and horse manure and one-half de- cayed sod, the plants being set one foot apart to allow free circulation of air. As soon as the roots had taken hold I began using water enriched with one peck night soil and two ounces of nitrate of soda to fifty gallons of water, applying the same once a week until January first, twice a week thereafter. Disbudding was at- tended to thoroughly, one bud being left to a stem, all others being removed as soon as they appeared. Results: long, stiff" stem, fifteen to twenty inches long, flowers three inches in diameter; returns from commission dealer, November 15 to December 20, three dollars per hundred; Christmas week five dollars per hundred; January first through Lent three dollars {.er hundred; Easter six dollars per hun- dred. Hereafter I shall disbud and fer- tilize all carnations in my houses more heavily than I did the McGowans last year. Another experiment: Plants taken from sand May first, planted June first on bench, in house which has side and ridge ventilation, soil as rich as used for Mc- Gowans last season are now, August first, showing much better color and sub- stance in foliage than plants of same sorts rooted April first and planted outside, the latter having to stand the severe drought of the past two months. We have been able to water and care for those inside at little expense. This experiment has been made to settle for ourselves the question, can carnations be grown inside during summer to an ad- vantage? The full result of this test can not be given until the plants outside have been tested the coming season with those which have been housed all summer. From present appearances I should not hesitate to fill my houses with plants in June for flowering the following season. In conclusion: Let me ask of you who are growers the careful, liberal treatment of the carnation to which it is justly entitled. The results will be greatly to your advantage, from a financial stand- point, and will bring into prominence a flower that is endeared to every lover of plant life. I thank you for your kind attention. Westward, Ho ! The combined New York and Boston delegation for the St. Louis convention numbered between fifty and sixty. Ver- mont, Maine and Connecticut were each present in the person of a solitary repre- sentative, a fact which these three gen- tlemen deplored, but which was a more creditable showing than was made by two or three other states which were not represented at all. The start on the afternoon of Monday, the 7th, was made under most favorable circumstances, a glorious slit»wer of rain having laid the dust and given a beautiful freshness to the country scenery, besides setting the minds of the travelers at ease regarding their stock planted out in the open ground . The meeting of the New York and Bos- ton parties at Rotterdam Junction was characteristically cordial, but altogether it was the quietest and best behaved crowd that ever set out for a S. A. F. convention. The old war horses stayed at home this time and there was no one to "whoop her up," so all arrived fresh and bright in St. Louis on Wednesday morning in good condition to enjoy themselves. The Boston folks had been well remem- bered by the stay-at-homes, as was at- tested by sundry parcels in their posses- sion, which had evidently been intended by the donors to atone in a measure for their own remissness in staying at home on such an occasion. It was a Boston man also who had with him a letter of introduction to the chief of police of St. Louis recommending him to the kind con- sideration of that gentleman. The long day on the train was pleasantly passed and amusing incidents were not wanting. Charlie Allen purchased a half bushel of peaches with which to treat the crowd, but half of them proved to be unripe and were hard enough to come in useful as missiles, which flew in all directions dur- ing the wait in the train yard at Detroit, the affair culminating in a pitched battle between Joe Manda's party and half a dozen colored porters. When night came, however, some of the wasted peaches would have been welcome, for the dining car missed connection and there was con- siderable scrambling to get anything to eat. P. O'Mara generously dividing his last crust of bread with his hungry com- panions was a sight fit for the gods, and not less so was J. A. Dirwanger's run for the fleeing train at a country station where a short stop was made next morn- ing. But he held on to his sandwich. Altogether it was a pretty hungry party when St. Louis hove in sight on Wednes- day morning. Warren Ewell's girth had noticeably decreased and Wm. Dihm's slender form was more attenuated than ever. But when the Southern Hotel was reached it did not take long to satisfy craving appetites. The Philadelphia, Washington and Cincinnati people were found already on the field. Tiie only serious accident that had occurred on the trip happened to Worcester Lange's new brown derby, which got shut up for a whole day in an upper berth and came out as flat as if a steam roller had run over it. Canton, O. — C. Lindacher has built a rose house 20x125. New Orleans, T,a. — .\t the annual meet- ing of the New Orleans Horticultural Society the following officers wereelected: M. Cook, president; J. H. Menard, vice- president; John Eblen, treasurer; Paul Abele, secretary. The financial condition of the society is excellent, and the mem- bership has very largely increased since their late exhibition. We request subscribers to make remit- tance by draft or money order when re- newing subscriptions, and to keep a record of the numbeis and dates of same. This is to guard against losses in the mails. . When SENDING us newspapers contain- ing items you wish us to note please do not fail to distinctly mark the item so it can be easily found, as we can not spare the time to hunt through the mass of papers sent us for unmarked items. 6 The American Florist. Aug. 10, Bench Grown Chrysanthemums for Ex- hibition Purposes. BY ELMEK ]). S.MITH, ADlirAN. MICH. [Read before the St. Louis meeting of the Society of American Florists.} Mr. President, Ladies and Gentle- MEN:^The growing of chrysantbemutds on raised tables and benches has been in vogue but a few years. Yet there has been so much said and written on this subject that I fear it will be impossible for me to offer you any ideas that are new. The despondent cultivator claimed the acme had been reached at the begin- ning of the present decade; which echoed and re-echoed, until drowned by the din of progress. As long as competition con- tinues to grow keener and each exhibitor exerts greater mental and physical ener- gies, either to depose a renowned com- petitor or to maintain his own pre-emi- nence, so long will there be improvement in this very important branch of chrys- anthemum culture. I cannot point out a method and assure you it is the best, as my short experience with the bench sys- tem (beginning in the fall of 1890) will not justify such prf cision. Equally good results have been attained on light or heavy soils, enriched with either animal or chemical fertilizers, and where a crown or terminal bud has been chosen. Con- fronted by such facts, it would be foolish to set forth specific rules and advise them rigidly enforced, and more particularly so when we consider the prime factors are soil, light, air, water and food, modi- fied to a greater or less degree by the quality and quantity applied. Fine chrysanthemums are acquired much the same as intellectual and financial treas- ures, not by the great exertion of to-day, but by continually adding little by little each day. Mr. John Thorpe, our honored and be- loved chieftain of floriculture and the father of the chrysanthemum in America, struck the key note when he said: "Eter- nal vigilance is the price of good chrys- anthemums." I shall not try to instruct the expert, as I am aware there are many present who are better versed than I, and will be gratified if an3' of the suggestions offered are of "use to the beginners, to whom this essay is addressed, hoping it you are enthusiastic on this subject to incite still greater incentives. I will briefly allude to the methods which appear to be practical, as they have presented themselves in actual experience, and occa- sionally touch upon those practiced by expert growers, beginning with selections of varieties. The selection of suitable varieties is the first important matter for consideration by the inexperienced cultivator. There are so many good varieties now in com- merce you can scarcely go astray, but, should you feel incompetent, I will men- tion seventy-five, all of which are good, although not including the new varieties of the present year, as many of tliose I was unable to see last tall; hence in jus- tice to all disseminators, I will omit them and let you form your own conclusions next November: Ada Spaulding, Alcazar, A. Ladenburg, Beacon, Cullingfordii, C. H. McCormick, Col. W. B. Smith, C. B. Whitnall, Domination, David Rose, Dr. Callandreau, Etoile de Lyon, Ernst Asmus, Eda Prass, Excellent, Emma Hit- zeroth, Edward Hatch, Exquisite, Flora Hill, G. F. Moseman, Goguac, G. W. Childs, Golden Gate, Harry E. Widener, Harry Maj , Harry Balsley, Ivory, Inter- national, J. C. Vaughan, John H. Taylor, Joseph H. White, F. Schuyler Matthews, Kioto, Lillian B. Bird, Lord Wolseley, Louis Boehmer, Miss Minnie Wanamaker, Mrs. Libbie Allen, Mr. H. Cannell, Mrs. M. J. Thomas, Mrs. Chas. H. Wheeler, Mrs. Frank Thompson, Mrs. Geo. Run- die, Mrs. A. C. Burpee, Mrs. Irving Clark, Mrs. W. Baker, Mrs. J. G. Whilldin, Mer- maid, Mrs. Langtry,Mrs. L. C. Madeira, Mrs. I. Forsterman, Mrs. W. H. Phipps, Jr., Mrs. Maria Simpson, Miss Helyett, Mrs. Jerome Jones, Mr. Hicks Arnold, Mrs. Robert Craig, Mrs. R. C. Ogden, Mrs. J. W. Morrissey, Mrs. W. F. Dreer, 0. P. Bassett, Pelican, Princess of Chrys- anthemums, Rohallion, Rose Queen, Ros- lyn. Sec'}- Farson, T. C. Price, Tuxedo, V. H. Hallock, Violet Rose, Viviand- Morel, W. H. Lincoln, Waban and Wm. Falconer. In this country the large premiums are offered for one hundred to two hundred blooms, in twenty-fave to fifty varieties; irrespective of type, and, as we all at present favor those of large size, it is safe to say that the greater part of those shown in America belong to the Japanese types. It is to be regretted, however, we cannot arouse more enthusiasm in behalf of the incurved and anemones, as there are none more beautiful when seen at their best. The varieties most suitable for this purpose include many of the Jap- anese and Japanese incurved and a few of the reflexed anemones and incurved types, and should be such as have abundant foliage and strong flower stem, with bloom of large size and good substance. Very double high built flowers are prefer- able to those with scanty petals, even though they cover the center. Assuming your plants are at hand, propagation is next in order. The prop- agating of chrysanthemums from soft wood cuttings is so simple and well un- derstood that it scarcely requires detail, as to modus operandi. Clean washed sand is considered the best material for the cutting bench, but when available, the following may be substituted, viz.: Coke, brick and stone finely crushed and screened, so as to retain sufficient mois- ture to keep the cuttings from flagging, will give very satisfactory results. For three years we have used coke dust and fail to see wherein sand has greater ad- vantages, as the cuttings so rooted have been in the best condition. As you are aware, propagation may be commenced as soon as the stools are of sufficient length, which generally occurs by December 15, and may be continued until August 1, but I doubt if the late struck plants produce as fine solid blooms as those propagated earlier. Doubtless there are many here who have had the same expe- rience as I, securing good blooms from W. H. Lincoln, L. Canning, Gloriosum, Viviand-Morel and many others, while Flora Hill, Mrs. M.J. Thomas, Etoile de Lj'on and nearly the whole of the Mrs. Chas. H. Wheeler class have been unsat- islactory, from late struck plants. Our English friends, who have given pot cult- ure very careful consideration, advise early propagation, as early as December for some varieties, and January and Feb- ruary for others. This maj' seem imprac- ticable in this country, where the day atmosphere throughout the summer keeps the wood in a semi-ripened condi- tion, thus insuring bud development early in autumn. Yet I fear we err when we ignore their teaching and plunge head- long into late propagation without even considering the constitutional peculiar- ities they inherit. It is true the vigorous varieties will do well, but if weak in growth they will certainly require more time in which to store sufficient strength to put forth their best efforts. There are some which can hardly be classed as con- stitutionally weak that will need the same attention; of such, Ada Spaulding, Harry E. Widener, Etoile de Lyon and Mermaid are examples. Had the subject been cut flowers for commercial purposes, where the cost of production must be considered, then I would have recom- mended May and June as the best time for propagating the bulk of the stock; but where the object is wholly fine blooms for exhibition I think eight weeks earlier will be none too soon, and the result thus obtained will fully compensate for the extra labor. From the first to the fifteenth of June will be a good time to plant if the house can be put in readiness without too great a sacrifice, but each grower should consider his own interest in this matter, for if the plants have been shifted along and are not drawing too much two weeks later will answer as well. When planting on old benches it is well after removing the soil to give a good coating of lime wash or a light sprinkling of air slacked lime before refilling; this will not only sweeten the benches, but will be ben- eficial to the plant later on. No one will doubt the efficiency of new composted soil which has been prepared about the same as for roses, of old sod piled with about one-fourth its bulk of well rotted cow manure, and it may be either of a clay or sandy texture. When heavy soil is used it should be opened with sharp sand or coke dust, for if too retentive it may give you some anxiety in dark lowery weather, for owing to its exces- sive moisture the application of liquid enrichment must be deferred some days, even though they need encouraging. Various depths of soil are used, from three to eight inches, but where close attention is given to feeding I prefer not to exceed four inches, as the desired conditions can be maintained easier than where greater depth is used. It is true shallow benches necessitate constant attention through July and August, yet the advantages are so pronounced during the continued rainy weather of autumn that one feels well paid for the extra labor. Some growers spread an inch of manure, either rotted or fresh, on the bottom before filling the benches with compost, and no doubt pro- cure fine blooms, but would not the plants receive greater benefit if the same material was applied as top dressing or in liquid form after they have made suffi- cient growth to take up the food incor- porated in the compost? I would say yes. Although unable to give you proof obtained by actual experiments, newly composted soil with only sufficient man- ure to start the plant off briskly, followed either with top dressing or liquid appli- cation (as you choose) to keep them in good vigor will be a safe and economical method to pursue. At what distance apart to plant may be somewhat perplexing, and should be decided upon by each grower by consider- ing how many blooms he would like the plants to produce. You must bear in mind we are to encourage the accumula- tion of abundant reserves to be expended in the blooms, therefore the less they are iSgs- The American Florist. divided the better tlie result. The Japan- ese rule, one bloom, is the best, although a plant will produce three or four very fine blooms. If you decide upon three or more, ten to twelve inches each way will be sufficient, and six to eight inches for single blooms. There is considerable dif- ference in the height of chrysanthemums at maturity, but if you give this a little consideration before planting you will produce better effect in the house, as well avoid over-shadowing dwarf varieties by tall ones. A close observer will notice day by day the varied progress of his plants, which will assist him in their arrangement, although records taken every year will not onlj' further facilitate, but insure greater accuracy. Plant the dwarf ones on the front row of each bench or together in one end of the house; at all events do not place them between tall varieties, for where this occurs both plant and labor are lost. Very often only a fesv of each variety are planted, as in the case where novelties and other scarce sorts are being tested; then houses run- ning tast and west are preferable, with the plants set in rows across the benches, which will allow the sunlight to reach them all some time during the day, even though they are not uniform in height. Before proceeding further, look to the shading and see that it is not too dense or entirely removed by heavy rains. We continue to use whitewash and apply with the brush, leaving about an inch and a half on each side of the bars un- painted; this admits light to all parts of the house, as the lights and shadows are continually shifting. Set the plants rather firm, give a liberal watering, and the planting is complete. As the heat is increasing at this season you will find light syringing once or twice a day will be very beneficial, but avoid for the first three or four weeks heavy watering, as the soil is apt to become sodden, particu- larly if of a heavy texture, which is soon followed by yellow or sickly foliage. Good judgment in watering is essential, so therefore avoid the wet places and see that the dry ones are made wet. In a month from the date of the planting they should be making strong growth and water may then be given more copiously, until the buds are ready to burst, and then again be careful, and as far as possi- ble do this work early in the day, to in- sure a dry atmosphere at night, as the dew falling on the expanding petals is apt to cause decay. A few days after planting see that the soil is well stirred to remove all weeds which may be start- ing and this should be repeated occasion- ally until the roots appear at the surface, when it may be discontinued for fear of injuring them. In a few weeks staking and tying will claim your attention for a day or so, and this may be done in many ways. Some use wire or cord in the place of stakes, fastening them to strips at the roof and hanging down to the plants, while others stretch several wiresover each row, much the same as for grape trellises. We have adopted the system generally used in rose houses, which is as simple and practical as any. Take No. IS galvanized wire, strain and securely fasten over each row, about three feet from the bench, and to this the top of each stake is tied, afcer being placed in proper position. The stakes, as a rule, will have to extend far above the wire, according to the height of the plants, and if left too long the ends may be cut off just below the buds, and here securely tie after the disbudding has been done, thus insuring straight stems. You will likely experience some trouble in tying the back row, especially where the benches are four feet wide. In such places we use No. 20 copper wire, cut three inches long and bent in about the same form as a capital C. Taking it between the thumb and finger with the open side out, place around the plant and stake, then press together until the ends pass, which securely incloses both in the ring thus formed. Fresh air is quite as essential in the vegetable as the animal kingdom if per- fect health is desired, and is very impor- tant to the plants we are treating. Give air at all times and abundantly when the plants are making rapid growth, con- tinuing this until the buds begin to burst. The foregoing should be practically mod- ified when sudden and severe changes in the temperature have occurred and where retarding is necessary. Judgment must be used from the time color appears to maturity and be governed by the nature of the v.-eather and the date to be shown as compared with the present rate of progress. As the flowers begin to unfold continue the ventilation at night, as the circulation of air prevents dew and will give a better color to the blooms than where heat is resorted to to dispose of the surplus moisture. Avoid the use of heat as tar as practicable, but when the ther- mometer drops below 38° a little heat will be needed and at the same time slight ventilation will be beneficial. After the plants have attained two feet in height it is well to remove a few of the lower leaves and when four feet has been reached there will be no harm if the lower fourth has been disleaved, for those re- maining will be sufficient to enact their natural functions. This will admit air more freely and give a chance to note the condition of the soil. Insects of all kinds must be looked after; of such che aphis is most common and may be kept in check by applying tobacco dust after syringing. As soon as the buds are well formed two or three smokings should be given 1o destroy all insects at this date, as the use of both of those remedies must be avoided or very judiciously applied after the color begins to appear. Grasshoppers are sometimes very troublesome and the best remedy for them is hand picking; this should be done as early in the morning as is convenient, as they are then more docile and easily caught, but if snails are troublesome take a lamp or lantern and search for them before retiring at night. Probably one of the most important topics to be considered is feeding to en- hance floral embellishment, which is the flower ot our subject that has been pro- duced, and we wisb to reproduce annually with accuracy and economy. Now let us consider the efficiency, accuracy and cost of such food as we generally use. It is a known fact fresh cow manure is very stimulating to growth, but its eflects present a marked coarseness in stem, leaf and flower and lack of refine- ment and substance. These qualities can be acquired without detracting from the size, color or contour by the use of chem- icals; such at least has been my experi- ence. Next in order is accuracy and a certain amount is essential if we admit food or stimulants are to be used at all, for our aim is the acme and the nearer we approach that point the more acute must be the accuracy. Let us endeavor to ascertain the relative value from this standpoint of those naturally and chem- ically compounded. When the liquid from the animal manure is to be used I believe the color of weak tea is generally advised, but how easily we are deceived when apparently on the right track. Take a half bushel of manure from the horse sta- ble and add sufficient water to cover and in twenty-four hours note the color, or if you choose, fill and tightly cork a bottle and then compare this with that which has stood open for a week or two. The ammoniacal constituents have evapo- rated, leaving the liquid darker and ap- parently stronger, though containing less alimentation. The same may be said of cow manure, but not to such a marked degree. Commercial and chemi- cal manures, when confined, are protected from air and water, so remain unchanged, thus assuming the same strength at each application if properly prepared. Thus I will leave this matter for your decision. Now turn to the cost of material, and as near as I can average the price $1.50 per load of the cubic yard is not far out of the way, and I think it is safe to say one-half bushel will be required per barrel when we average up the quality generally used. So with twenty-one bushels per yard you can have forty-two barrels, at a cost of about 3 1-6 cents per barrel. Eight ounces of nitrate of soda is suffi- cient for one barrel and will cost you about .XVi, cents, and five ounces of sul- phate of ammonia for about .006 cents and is enough for the same, while lour ounces of nitrate of potash will require .02 cents, giving an average cost of .OIV^ cents per barrel. Animal manure must be put to soak one way or another, and if you are pro- gressive and use a tank and hose for dis- tributing you will have to filter the liquid before applying, while the chemicals are soluble and require no further prepara- tion. It is safe to say the relative cost is five to one in favor of the latter, when all things are considered. Knowing nothing of chemistry and having had little expe- rience with its products, I cannot give you a formula and assert its superiority, as one of such value could only be com- pounded after years of experimenting with all the elements beneficial to plant growth and floral embellishment. Volj umes could be written on this subject, as may be seen when we consider ammonia, potash, soda, etc., are productive of the desired results, and again those results are modified for better or worse by the various forms in which those elements are compounded, such as muriates, ni- trates, phosphates and sulphates. Mix one part of sulphate of ammonia with two parts of powdered nitrate of potash (commonly called saltpetre), and by using four ounces of this mixture to a barrel ol water you will find it excellent after the plants have absorbed the manureal vir- tues of the compost. Nitrate of potash and the nitrate of soda of commerce are largely composed of nitrogenous matter, and I prefer the former, as it is nearly or quite chemically pure, while the latter is put at our dis- posal as found in the natural deposits and is apt to contain elements more or less poisonous to plants when used in adequate quantities. I have noticed when nitrate of soda was used wholly the tissues of the foliage and flowers are flabby, much the same as with cow manure, and lack substance, so essential where blooms are to be staged several davs. It will be advisable where soda is more available to use sulphate of ammo- nia occasionally, or mixed in the same proportions as where potash is used; this will harden the tissues and thus materi- ally add to the keeping qualities. I previously alluded to the excessive use of manures in the early stages of plant life, and in the same connection I wish to 8 The American Florist. Aug. lO. caution you in the use of liquid foods. Over-feeding at any stage is wasteful as well as injurious, just as much as depriv- ation is debilitating. Would it not be better to supply in such quantities as can be absorbed without injury, rather than to pamper at any stageof growth? How much food each and every variety will use advantageously can be ascertained only by records taken each year ot both quantities applied and the quality of the results. It is certain some will be prof- ited, while others will succumb with the same treatment, and the constitution, as it appears from the root, stem and foli- age standpoint, can not be relied upon with any degree of certainty, for example: Mrs. E. W. Clark, which is rather weak 7: 1% '/MC'^ ^\^y '■' '--Y ILLUSTRATION I in root and stem growth, will flourish with more food than Alberic Lunden, which is much stronger. The symptoms of excessive food are varied, according to variety and the date when mistreated, and such are examples, triangular and twisted stem or trunk and contorted pet- als, which often have the appearance of being burned or frozen. The chemicals referred to may be used in our modern conservatories without being offensive or objectionable in any way, as they are odorless, colorless and tasteless as ap- plied. This fact shows how easy it is to under-rate their strength and over-reach in these matters, so for fear some one of you may be too zealous I will say: Water is the only antidote I know of and should be applied copiously at the first indica- tion, and in aggravated cases hot water will be more effective. When liquid foods of any kind are used great care should be exercised, for if the soil is dry the roots are too active in absorption and thus take too large a dose of the tonic, which acts like strychnine on the human system. The diversion of the natural inclination of the chrysanthemums to hasten or re- tard floral development may be of some valueto youwhenthe flowers are wanted at a certain date. Earlv struck cuttings will set buds early if abundance of air is given and at the same time only sufficient water to prevent flagging, as such treat- ment hastens wood ripening, thus caus- ing bud formation, and the application of heat as well as hot water at the roots will still further hasten the buds into flowers. In retarding we must do exactly opposite to that which has been done in hastening, thus, strike late, keep wet and close with some shade; this will do the work, but all these details should be car- ried no further than appear to be prac- tical. In connection with this subject I wish to say, chrysanthemums in New Zealand perfect their blooms in March and April. This fact confirms the theory of hastening and retarding and at the same time teaches us it is not simply be- cause it is November that we have chrys- anthemums, but it is the atmospheric conditions that take place in the fall; hence we can have chrysanthemums at any date, providing we can produce the required conditions. The time is fast approaching when we shall have to consider the important matter of selecting buds. I have taken from the work of Edwin Molyneux the engravings representing these two forms of buds and had them enlarged as they appear before you now in illustrations 1 and 2. No. 1 represents the crown, which as you are aware is formed first, and if selected we must rub out all the lateral growths that are starting from the leaf axils, as shown by the dotted lines. The greater part of the flowers produced are from terminals, as the late struck plants seldom produce crowns, but for fear you may select them without knowingof their peculiarities I bega fewmomentsfor their consideration. In England those buds are taken or selected, as they term it, earlier as a rule than in this country, owing probablv to the difierence in cli- mate. According to Messrs. W. & G. Drover & Nephew (W. Adam's work), of Fareham, England, those of the Pelican are selected as early as July 26, while those of Etoile de Lyon are not taken until August 28 to September 6. I think on this side there are very few selected before September 1, and the greater part of them from the tenth to the fifteenth. I read you the first entry in our diary for last j'ear. Mrs. M. W. Redfield, crown, taken September 10, fully expanded Octo- ber 19, size five and a half by five and a half inches, height of plant two and a half feet, and then I find those of Emma Hitze- roth, Mrs. Robt. Craig and Harry Balsley were taken ten days later and were ma- tured November 1. This shows us there was no material difference in the time consumed, as the first named developed sooner, owing to the earlier setting of its bud. It may be well to state that those referred to were hastened into bud some- what and encouraged at the last with heat; but it shows, however, that our buds mature quicker than on the other side, as it would be impossible for them to show flowers from buds taken at our late date. With the exception of a few varieties their experts prefer the crown, and this is quite likely owing to the fact they do not care for foliage effect, as they show on boards, which necessitates cut- ting the stem short. With us a flower without its foliage is like a diamond without its setting, for a greater part of our flower buyers exact long stems with abundance of good foliage. This I think should be our standard of excellence for cut blooms where a premium is offered without specifying the type; then their merits would be according to their com- mercial value, as this governs all products. Some varieties produce better blooms from crowns than terminals, but also (with a few exceptions) have much longer and stouter flower stems, as is the case with Dr. H. D. Hull, as shown in lUus. 3. You will notice a deficiency of foliage near the flower, which is overcome in Illus. 4, where the terminal was taken, and this is nearer our standard of excellence. There- fore we would conclude terminals are preferable where there is no great differ- ence in size and form and except in those varieties having a tendency toward weak- ness of stem. Terminals require less time in development and will be ready for ex- hibition nearly as soon as the crown, taken three or four weeks earlier. Where crowns are selected there is a tendency toward increasing the number of petals and should not be indulged in only where there is deficiency. I feel this matter of selection is of more than ordinary im- portance and ask your indulgence in diverting from our subject. The American Chrysanthemum Society was organized for the purpose of improv- ing the golden flower, hence raisers of seedlings should avoid taking crown, for when disseminated and terminals are selected, for the sake of foliage effect and to meet the requirements of America's ideal flower, there is sure to follow disap- pointment to both introducer and buyer. On the other hand they should put greater energies in poUenization to secure such as will give the desired qualities from the terminal, for by so doing they are tending in the right direction. In that way and no other can America lead the world with her chrysanthemums. To avoid ILLUSTRATION 2. being termed a theorist you will pardon me if I refer to my own productions by saying the blooms of Niveus shown last fall were from terminals, one of which is represented in illustration 5. If you wish to take the terminal rub out the crown, leave one or moreof the strongest laterals to grow on. These will advance into the final growth, until intercepted by nature, who to enact her laws of re- production completes the structure with a bud at the end of the stem, as well as from the leaf axils as represented in Illus. 2. By removing the weaker bud we will greatly increase the size of the flowers of those remaining; this is termed disbud- ding and is generally done as soon as j8g3. The American Florist. 9 ILLUSTRATION 3. ILLUSTRATION 4. :^-.-'^- ^'^'^^>N take the next best. In disbudding be- gin at the top and work down, for if you reverse this and should happen to break the stem when nearing the per- fect bud you will have none in reserve. As far as practical, this work should be done in the morning and on cool and cloudy days, for then they are filled with sap and are more brittle, which makes it easier and safer. As the bud swells we are fast approaching floral embel- lishment. It has burst and the petals continue to lengthen until we behold its beautiful color, large size and per- fect form. This, supported by a stout stem, abundantly clothed with lustrous green foliage, is the perfect exhibition bloom of America. Thus we reach the acme. ILLUSTRATION 5. large enough to determine the most per- fect one and also avoid its injury in removing the others. The dotted lines in the engravingdenote those to be removed and also the terminal, which if perfect is considered the best and should remain, but if injured in any way remove and Labor Saving Devices. ]JY r. O'MAHA. NEW YOKlv. {Abstract Of essay read before the St. Louis meeting of the Society of American Florists\ The question of labor is perhaps the most important the florist has to con- sider, for the reason that it is the chief expense in preparing his goods for sale. It is doubtful if in any branch of trade labor enters so largely into the cost of production as in floriculture, and it is very likely that it will ever remain so, from the fact that the operations ^^ incident to plant growth must be car- ried on by hand; there is little if any room for the inventive genius, and the improvements of the future, like those of the past, must be on the lines of sim- plifying and shortening them. If it is expected that the paper which I have prepared will contain startling new and improved methods, descriptions of new machines or devices for accomplishing work which has heretofore been done by slow manual processes, I fear that dis- appointment will result. The princi- pal value of such a paper as this is to bring out such, if they exist, and with that end in view I corresponded with the foremost men in the trade, men who are recognized as being ever on the alert tor improved methods and machines; but the result was almost nothing, for the simple reason, I believe, that there was nothing to offer. The greatest strides in labor-saving to be noticed in floriculture have been made in greenhouse building, and the substitution of enduring iron and slate in the construction of benches and superstructures for rapidly decaying lumber. In answer to a letter which I sent to Mr. F. R. Pierson asking him to give me information regarding any new de- vices he might have in use which were labor-saving, he referred me to his excellent paper on Greenhouse Construction, read before this So- ciety at the annual convention in Toronto, in 1891, as embodying nearly everything in that line which he has in use up to date In these days when we have two weekly papers devoted to the interests of the trade, conducted by enterprising men, and the spirit of enlightenment is abroad so that knowledge of labor-saving devices is rapidly and thoroughly disseminated through our ranks, there is little left for an essayist on this subject to say that has not been said before. There is no doubt that the greatest labor- saver is a system of work adapted to the needs of the establishment, and a man competent to keep it in working order and with brains and energy enough to change it as the conditions may demand. There are, however, some general principles, which might be fol- lowed with advantage, and although not new yet may not be generally known, or if known, practiced as fully as they might be. It was an axiom with the late Mr. Peter Henderson, under whom I had the honor of learning what I know about floriculture, that "For rapidity of work divide labor." The practical application of this theory consisted mainly in divid- ing the ordinary operations into asmany hands as could be used to the greatest advantage. For instance, in potting, he would have a man do nothing but pot, while a boy would take away the plants and "set" them; another would keep him supplied with pots and cuttings and shade and water the potted plants. In this way, he succeeded in raising the maximum of a day's work in potting such plants as verbenas from 5,000 to 11,500, which one of his men accom- plished in ten hours; thesameman repeat- edly potted 10,000 in a day of ten hours, and 1 can say from actual experience that the work was as well done as when only half the number was potted. Tliat this extraordinary proficiency was not con- fined to one man was shown in the pot- ting contest in Madison Square Garden, when one of the men from our establish- ment— that of Peter Henderson & Co. — potted over 1,300 in a single hour, and two others potted over 1,200 and 1,100 each in the samespace of time. This same principle of dividing labor he practiced in market gardening, and with a like re- sult. He invariably had boys to drop the plants for men planting cabbage and celery, and frequently demonstrated that a man with a boy to drop the plants would accomplish more than two men 10 The American Florist. Attg. 10. planting singly and each carrying his own plants. This theory of the division of labor he carried into all operations. In packing, he always supplied each wrap- per with a boy to turn tbe plants out of the pots and carry them away. By keep- ing a man employed at one thing, he per- forms the same motions so often that he must of a necessity acquire speed, just as type setters, type writers, telegraph operators or postal clerks in our large post-offices do. Another advantage de- rived from this system is that it keeps the hands together, making it easier for the man in charge to watch them, it makes of each man in charge of a certain job a temporary foreman over those immedi- ately under him, and it generates a spirit of emulation among the men and boys to keep up their end, all of which combined makes a very good labor-saving device for the man who pays the salaries. Another thing which I consider of the utmost importance in any effort to obtain a saving of labor is, that the employer should foster a spirit of individual enter- prise among his employes, each should be made to feel, if possible, that he is not ex- pected to be a mere machine to perform in a perfunctory manner the duties allot- ted to him; he should be made to feel a personal responsibility, and thus secure the benefit of whatever portion of brains with which nature has endowed him, as well as his physical labor; he should be made to feel that his value depends in a great measure on the suggestions hemay make for his employer's benefit. It re- quires some tact and a knowledge of human nature to secure this, both of which it is assumed the employer pos- sesses, or he would never rise above his fellow workmen, for the vast majority of employing florists, itis known, have risen from the ranks of the florists and garden- ers who at one time earned their daily wages. Such men then, above all others, should know that a man of ordinary in- telligence constantly engaged in working practice will in all likelihood suggest and carry out improvements, if properly urged. Strict discipline should be maintained at all times and a uniform degree of quiet command enforced; the irritable, bluster- ing employer cannot hope to obtain either in quantity or quality thesame results as the one who is at once master of himself and the men under him. These are some general principles which may properly be included under the head of "labor-saving devices," and I offer them for the earnest consideration of my listeners. There are a few labor-saving devices in practical operation in our place which may not be generally known, and which might be copied to advantage. One of these is our method of handling two and three inch pots. Under the old method, these as they were emptied in the packing shed or in the greenhouses when shifting into larger pots, were placed in "flats," to be piled away under a bench in a house designated for that purpose; now and for some time past our method is to have empty boxes of a certain size ready and place the pots in them as fast as emptied, thus saving double handling. For two inch pots we generallv use a box of 18x 12x01/2, which holds "250 pots. These boxes we obtain from the local grocers when they sell their canned goods and have the empty boxes on hand. For three inch pots, we use a box 18x13x10, which holds 150 pots. These boxes cost deliv- ered on our place four or five dollars per hundred. The pots when placed in them are just below the edges, so that they can be piled one above another and can be carted from point to point on our place as needed. This method of handling pots is a considerable saving in labor in the course of a year, and lessens breakage proportionately to the number of times they are handled. The larger sizes of pots we store away in bins prepared for the purpose, and always use a horse and cart to move them to the points where they are to be used; in fact, we use ahorse and cart or wagon to move pots and plants wherever it is possible, and save considera- ble manual labor in this way — the extent of our place naturally suggests this method, on a small place it would hardly be practicable. For the "flats" in general use in a flo- rist's establishment we use shallow boxes which measure 20xl4xl''i deep; these we obtain from the Standard Oil Co. at $2 per hundred. These boxes they obtain by importing the tin plate, and as they are nearly waste to them, they sell them at a lowrate. Another size, 21xlO?43Udeep, we obtain from them and find them very useful for forcing tulips, narcissus, Roman hyacinths, etc., also for starting palm seeds. These boxes are much cheaper than if made by hand from sawed lumber or by dividing larger boxes into sections. Our system for the distribution and col- lection of tools, we find to give great sat- isfaction. We keep them under lock and key and depute a man to take care of them. He is not fully occupied at this and so finds other employment around the place. When a man wants a tool, he taps the bell which we use to summon and dismiss the men, and the man in charge of the tool house hastens to it and gives the man the tool he wants; when the tool is returned the bell is tapped again and the man comes and puts it where it belongs. By this system we have no trouble in keeping track of the implements and the least possible time is consumed in distributing and collecting them. In sifting potting soil for small pots, we use an upright screen with a one-inch mesh, such as is used in coal yards, and find that it does the work as well and tar more rapidly than a small circular sieve can do it. This season we had on trial a swinging sieve fitted up with iron teeth to break sods, but found it next to use- less, although it is advertised with a guarantee to do the workof twenty men; it is fair to say, however, that the manu- facturer supposed that florists still used the circular hand sieve, otherwise he said he would never give such a guarantee. This season, on account of the very dry weather, we were compelled to water our outside grounds, almost constantly, and we used a device which worked satisfac- torily and saved considerable labor. We use city water, metered to us, and have piped our grounds, thoroughly with hy- drants at convenient distances through- out. Instead of having a man to hold the hose and distribute the water we used the device alluded to. Thisconsisted of a Y piece inserted at the end of every twen- ty-five foot length of hose, one arm of which served as a connection between the lengths, and on the other arm we fas- tened a "Water Witch" lawn sprinkler. We use one-inch hose and have force of water suflicient to operate five of these sprinklers on one stretch of hose, so that we could water a surface of 125 feet by 12 without any labor but the stretching of the hose and turning on the water. About two hours we found sufficient to water one place, and then the hose would be moved. The location of hy- drants is a very important one from a labor-saving point of view. In our 100- foot houses, when first erected, we placed a hydrant at one end, but some years ago we changed the system and now have the hydrants in the center of the houses, one on each side of the middle bench. In our 300-foot houses we have the hydrants at intervals of 50 feet, and as just stated, our grounds are thoroughly piped and well supplied with hydrants. The amount of labor saved in one year by this method, I am satisfied, more than paid the entire expense of the alteration; besides the great saving in hose must be taken into account, which in itself is a considerable item. It is of the utmost importance to keep a greenhouse watertight, not only to pre- vent rotting of the structure, but for the general health of the plants grown in it. We have found by experience that the lapse of time rots the putty ia which tbe glass is imbedded, no matter how well it may be done, that water gets in, loosens the glass and rots the bars. Many de- vices have been tried to overcome this, but the best we have yet seen is one which was suggested to Mr. Charles Henderson at the Convention of the S. A. F. in Cincinnati by the late H. W. Wil- liams, of Batavia, 111. This consists of w^hite lead and oil in about the consis- tency of cream spread in a thin line along the edge of the glass where it joins the bar; over this we shake dry whitesand, the result is a cement which lasts for years and effectually checks all leakage. The best implement to distribute this is a machinist's oil can with the extreme tip cut off so as to widen the aperture and allow a free escape of the mixture. As an evidence of how rapidly this work can be done, I would state that two men finished the long slope of a 300-foot house in half a day. This method is described by Peter Henderson in his book "Gardening for Profit," and was made the subject of a magazine article, but I deem it of suffi- cient importance tointroduceit here. Mr. Henderson stated that had he known of this method thirty years earlier, it would have saved him thousands of dollars for repairs, besides having the plants in bet- ter condition. Before bringing this paper to a close, however, it may be well to devote amin- ute or two to a general review of theim- provements effected during the last twenty years. The general application of the screw and cog wheel to ventilating, with its many improvements, replacing the rope and pulley and hand-lifting sash, and now we have an automatic ventilat- ing apparatus which gives fair promise of becoming a practical reality. The great improvements made in heating ap- paratus, both hot water and steam; the improved glazing tacks and methods of driving them; the advance made in fungi- cides and insecticides and the improved methods of distributing and applying them; the diffusion of knowledge concern- ing the insects and fungi which are the most subtle and dangerous foes the flo- rist has to contend with; the grand ad- vance in greenhouse construction which I have already alluded to; the general substitution of horse and hand cultiva- tors for the hand hoe; the use of steam pumps for distributing manure and plain water in many of our larger establish- ments; the use of printed labels both wooden and paper; the light and neat mailing boxes; the improved methods of of packing plants; the general adoption of wire, cane and manufactured stakes in lieu of split shingle and blanches of trees; the great general advancein plant knowl- edge and methods of culture — in all of which this Society has acted a prominent j893' The American Florist, 11 part by bringing men together for a fair exchange of ideas, by establishing a press devoted to the general interest and by ex- citing a healthy competition. It is a mat- ter of congratulation that the vast ma- jority, nay, almost the whole of these improvements, owe their existence to men who were actually engaged in the ac- tive work of floriculture. Weowemuch to the entomologists and mycologists, those patient investigators who delve deep into nature's mysteries and lay the results of these investigations before us; we owe much to the men who have carefully and patiently studied how to improve methods of culture, who have spent time and money in their investigations and have scattered broadcast the knowledge laboriously obtained for the benefit of their struggling brethren. We owe much to the horticultural press for their enter- prise and energy in obtaining and dis- seminating this knowledge; and we owe much to the faithful officers of this Society past and present, for the work they have performed in their official capacity. The Science and Facts of Successful Rose Growing. BY ItOBEUT F. TESSOX, ST. LOUIS. {Read be/ore the St. Louis meeting jf the Society oj A nierican Florists.^ In accepting the request made by your executive committee to read a paper be- fore you to day upon the above heading I did so with a feeling that there would be many members among you who are much more conversant with and better able to handle the subject than I. Still I also recognize the fact that when called upon to prepare something of this kind it becomes a duty that we should acknowl- edge and perform. In treating the subject I will be forced to confine myself to the growing of the so-called tea roses, to the exclusion of the hybrid perpetuals, as I have had no expe- rience with the latter class, and will give the results of observation as well as ex- perience wherever they have commended themselves strongly enough to deserve a trial. Science, in a general sense, may be said to consist of knowledge, or the under- standing of facts by the mind. Science, therefore, applied to successful rose grow- ing would consist of known facts, which from experience have been found to be essentially important in accomplishing the end the rose grower is striving to attain. This end, as I understand it, is the production of roses, good roses, and of the maximum quantity and quality, during the winter season. The statement of facts that are known to tend towards the accomplishment of the above results, or the science of it, brings me to the prac- tical details connected with the subject. To produce good results in any line of business or manufacture we must have good tools and materials to work with, and the same is emphatically true of rose growing. The houses should admit as much light as possible and be provided with ample openings for ventilation, even though they be used only during the warm summer months. The heating should be so arranged that the temper- ature can be kept at 58° or 60^ during the severe weather, I mean at night; it being useless to try and succeed where the glass goes down to from 45° to 50°. To grow roses we must have plants and even before this cuttings, it being to every grower's interest to see that they start with clean healthy stock. Such when placed ia the sand will root quickly and start off well when potted. There has been considerable written about cut- tings, whether they should have one, two or three eyes, or whether better made with a heel. I am of the opinion, how- ever, that provided the wood is in the same condition and receives the proper attention and care there will be little difference in the result obtained for the plants during the season. It is of much more importance to have the wood in the best condition rather than have a large number of eves present. The cut- tings should be made late in the winter and early spring months, according to the time wanted for planting, and placed in about three inches of sand having a bottom heat of 65° to 70°, with a cooler top, where they will root in from threeto four weeks. As soon as the roots are from Vi inch to 1 inch in length they should be potted in 2y2-inch pots; be careful to keep the air in the propagating house fresh and sweet by ventilating whenever possible, but avoid all drafts, as they are detrimental to the cuttings, espe- cially so to Beauties. The best soil to use for the first potting is well rotted sods, which if inclined to be heavy will be improved by the addition of some sand; manure of any kind in the soil at this stage is of no benefit; as soon as potted stage in a sunny house and see that the first watering is properly done, have all the soil moistened but avoid having it mud; shade for a few days until the roots take hold of the soil, after which gradually expose to the full sunlight. They can be kept warmer than the gen- eral run of stock, 80° not being too high on sunny days; give plenty of air but avoid drafts, syringe on all favorable mornings, and early every afternoon go over and attend to whatever requires water. As soon as rooted through and roots commence to work around the sides of the pots enough to hold the soil together they should be shifted into 3-inch or 31/2- inch pots, it being a mistake to wait until the plants are potbound before shifting, as they thereby receive a check. From these they should go into 4-inch and 5-inch if necessary; shift into the larger pots and use plenty of drainage rather than have them become potbound in the smaller size. Soil for everything but the first potting can be the same and should have about 1-6 part well rotted manure worked in as well as a good sprinkling of bone meal. Care should be taken at all times to see that the plants are not dry; some soils are quickly cov- ered with a green scum which should be removed as often as necessary, it being impossible to tell the condition of th° soil beneath it without knocking the plant out of the pot, and this is to be avoided as much as possible. I find the best time to look over pot plants to be early in the afternoon, as it is easier to tell then what requires water. Planting should be done as early as possible, June being the generally accepted month. It is reasonable and should be understood that if we wish to cut a quan- tity of buds during the winter season we must have strong plants to do it from, and the only way to get strong plants is to give them a season's growth. Those desiring to hold their roses in during June can accomplish nearly the same result by carrying their stock for replanting in 5-inch pots, thus having them well ad- vanced when planted. The use of strong healthy stock and early planting is with- out doubt the most essential factor con- nected with successful rose growing, and if properly attended to renders the re- maining work easy of accomplishment, while the use of poor stock gives the grower uphill work all the season and in the end is often unsatisfactory. Before placing the soil in the benches see that they are well cleaned out and give a coat of crude oil or some other pre- servative. Any good soil will do, sod being preferable where it can be obtained. I have seen soil plowed tT a depth of 6 inches and all of it used with excellent re- sults. About 1-6 part of well rotted manure and a good sprinkling of bone meal should be well mixed with the soil before using, by turning the pile several times; a regular formula for mixing or composting can not be given owing to the wide diversity in the character of soils, but if inclined to be heavy an ad- mixture of sand will be benefi:ial. If the plants are strong place about 41/2 inches of soil in the benches as it will settle to 'iV2 inches after having been there some time; should they be weak 3 inches or 3V2 inches would be better; level the bed up as soon as planted and water so that all the soil is moistened; if the beds are inclined the higher portions will show a tendency to become dry as the top soil settles and becomes firm, this will necessitate stirring the surface. We use for this purpose a small hoe and attempt to go over the beds at least once every ten days, thus keeping all weeds down and enabling one at a glance to see the condition of the soil. The plants are syringed every morning during favorable weather, and what requires water is at- tended to early in the afternoon, the same as the pot plants. Stake as soon as pos- sible; there are many ways of staking, but I prefer a single upright support to a plant, either a stake or a wire as may be most convenient; after being tied a light mulching is beneficial, as it prevents the soil from drying out too quickly and encourages root action towards the sur- face; as the mulch wears away a heavier coat can be applied, which should be con- tinued during the season. As the plants gain strength and need food a liberal sprinkling of bone flour in the mulch will be beneficial. Considerable has been written in regard to the advisability of carrying roses in shallow beds or on benches more than one season, and I think in the near future there will be much more written regard- ing it if the system is not more generally adopted; certainly if roses can be carried two and even three years in the same bed successfully there is considerable time and labor lost when thrown out yearly, as well as the saving in growing stock for replanting. Now, if as we all know there are places where this system is being and has been pursued successfully for years, we must lay the fault of various failures, not on the system, but on the persons carrying it out. There must have been a flaw somewhere, some detail that was omitted, or something that was not done properly. The method adopted is to gradually dry the plants off until they have had a good rest, without, however, allowing the bark to shrivel. You would be surprised at the amount of drying a rose plant can stand when done properly and still remain sound. After having 12 The American Florist. Aug. lo, been rested, say two weeks, from the time ■water was commenced to be withheld all the small weak wood should be cut out and nothing left but the strong canes; these should be shortened back to about a foot or 18 inches. The plants are then watered and started into growth, a mulching of about an inch of composted soil is then spread upon the bed and they are treated the same as the young re- planted stock; great care must be taken, however, in watering; owing to the lack of foliage very little water will be re- quired. Syringing should be given every day, and in very warm weather a damp- ing down in the afternoon is beneficial. As the new growth pushes out and the f jliage increases they will require more water and should be watched closely, too much water will turn the foliage yellow and probably burn the edgesof the leaves. Where solid Ijeds are used the best results have been obtained where the amount of soil was very little more than that used in benches, say 6 or S inches. An old idea has recently been revived and tested in this connection with excellent results. It consists of the application of bottom heat to the soil in which the roses are growing by means of pipes passing be- neath it; this allows the free syringing and watering during the short days of winter, the inability of doing which has led, in a great measure, to the abandon- ment of the old solid border. It has been found advisable not to rest some varieties, such for instance as Perle or Gontier; they are better kept growing and in August having all the small wood removed, after which the heavy canes, instead of being cut hack, are bent down, thus insuring numerous breaks. The objection to having them cut back close is their inclination to throw heavy stems terminating in clusters of buds, many of which are useless. The manner of treating a variety with regard to drying off or keeping growing will have to be decided by the person in charge, forming their opinion from the style and habit of growth it presents. To make the resting of roses a success it must be done thoroughly and early in the season, so as to give them time to make their growth, the same as the young stock, before the short days of the fall season appear. I think Brides and Mer- mets, in fact most all varieties, can be carried the second season in the same manner as Pedes, simply by cutting out small wood in the summer; much care will have to be taken, however, with the watering. This plan I have never seen applied to benches, but will attempt it next season. Manure water can be applied in the fall, provided the plants are as strong and vigorous as they should be, and can be used with advantage about every ten days or so during the winter season; should the plants not appear to be able to receive it to advantage it would be better to rely upon the mulching and what is in the soil to carry them through the winter months, commencing its use in January or February r..s the days begin to lengthen. At this time, too, plants that have been receiving it since fall can take it a little oftener, say about once a week, and will also be benefitted by working into the mulching some dried blood, ground tankage, or so forth. In applying liquid manure the beds should be in a condition to require watering, and it should be given thoroughly, so that it shows through the bench. A change in the ingredients is also beneficial, and soot, guano or other fertilizers may be used in turn. Where any large amount is required it is a great advantage to have some place where it can be mixed in quantities and distributed wherever needed. The best thing to use for this purpose is an ordinary cistern, as it can be used at all times, being out of reach of the frost, and if large enough to hold a supply for two weeks a good day almost always occurs for replacing what has been used. Upon most large places some provision of this kind is made, but it could be done more generally to the ad- vantage of all. As fall approaches firing must com- mence, it being verj' poor policy to put this matter off too long; as soon as the temperature drops to 58" in the houses heat should be applied, even if the ven- tilators have to remain slightly open. I prefer a night temperature of 60° for most all varieties, and at times run it higher for a few days without any bad effects. The difference between roses grown at 60° and 56° is scarcely notice- able, while the quantity cut I think is increased. Firing should continue in the spring the same as in the fall, as long as there is danger of the temperature going below 58°. The necessity of firing in spring and fall is very often overlooked and is attended with disagreeable results. Watering and airing are the two most essential factors in the growing of roses after they have been planted, and I wish some fixed rule could be laid down for the guidance of all, as here is where most failures are made, but it is impossible and the use of water must be regulated by the person having the plants in charge. I wish to make a distinction here in regard to watering and syringing. It is believed, in many places, that watering and syring- ing are the same, differing only in the amount applied. If they want to syringe the. foliage is given a slight wetting; if they want to water the foliage is given a good wetting, enough falling upon the beds 1o constitute a watering. This is entirely wrong, as it is impossible to get the beds uniformly moist, or to pick out the dry spots while this system is pur- sued. A syringing should consist of a small amount of water applied with enough force to keep the plants free from spiders and to moisten and freshen up the foliage without having any amount fall upon the soil; when syringing is per- formed in this manner it is an exceptional day that it can not be performed and have the house dry by night. In water- ing the stream should be turned upon the soil and no attempt made to moisten the foliage; every bed should be carefully examined during the morning in the win- ter season and whatever requires water be given it. In examining the benches it is advisable to have a sharp piece of iron or wood, something with which you can go to the bottom of the bench to find out its condition, as the appearance of the surface will often mislead one. At times the benches will go several days without water, and again spots will be found that will require water for several days in succession, showing it to be imperative to examine them every day. I think a mistake is made very often by keeping the benches too dry in summer. The plants after having taken hold of the soil and with the amount of air given at that season can take plenty of water. It is an advantage to have the water used in the winter warmed to the temperature of the house, and if possible there should be some arrangement for doing so. Soils are different and require different treat- ment in regard to water as well as other matters, and it should be the aim of every grower to study and understand his soil Air should be given upon all favorable occasions and as much as possible, avoid- ing, however, all drafts; too much air is as injurious as too little, and the knowl- edge and skill necessary to attend to it properly can only be acquired by practice and observation. During the summer they should have air day and night, as the cooler night air tends to toughen the foliage, rendering it more impervious to disease. During the winter months air should be given every bright day, even though heat is necessary to keep the tem- perature where required. During winter and spring it is a rare thing for us to have the heat shut off the houses during the day, even though there may be six or eight inches of air on at the time, thus air keeps the foliage strong and healthy. On bright days the temperature is kept at from 75° to 80°; on what maybe called half-bright days, or times when it is hazy or cloudy, from 70° to 75° is maintained, and in dull gloomy weather 65° is car- ried. It will require considerable time to keep the air properly looked after, as it often requires shifting every half hour or so, but it will pay to attend to it prop- erly, and in making a change it is better to go over it twice rather than make a big shift of it so as to save time. Insects and fungus will think you have been fitting up a paradise for them and will proceed to locate if steps are not taken to check them. Mildew is best guarded against by watching for drafts, or anything that would tend to give the plants a check. In the winter sulphur applied to the heating pipes is the best preventive; in spring and fall powdered sulphur or fostite dusted on the plants will check its spread. Black spot affects some varieties of roses badly; keeping the house free from moisture during the night and the burning of all affected leaves will keep it in check. Red spider can only be fought with water, it should be applied with enough force to make the habitation disagreeable and be will depart; a dry, warm atmosphere is his delight and he can generally be found around in the corners where the air does not circulate or the syringe reach. Greenfly is prob- ably the best known insect enemy ot the rose and is very troublesome where given a chance; luckily, however, it succumbs to tobacco in almost any form, either the fumes when stems are laid in the houses or the smoke when they are burned. Lately an article known as extract of tobacco has been placed on the market and from experience in treating a house that was allowed to get pretty badly infested, so as to make a good trial, lean assure all it is a success. After the appli- cations it was hard work to find a fly anywhere and it was six weeks before the house received another treatment. I feel confident that the extract used once a month will keep any place clean. The rose bug raised quite a noise some j-ears ago, but since the practice of replanting stock every year has about become uni- versal it is almost lost sight of, as it re- quires more than a season for it to do much damage; hand picking is the only safeguard. Thrip appear in the spring of the year and when they come it is in such numbers that they ruin a house of flowers in no time, they puncture the petals, caus- ing the tips to turn brown. As far as has been learned nothing has any effect upon them, they hide around in the base of the petals where nothing can reach them; they come from the outside, as they can be found on the grasses and weeds as plentifully as in the houses. White grub often ruin whole benches of roses by eat ing off the roots. The best way to coun- iSgs- The American- Florist, 13 ^^■'^ DWARFED JAPANESE MAPLES. teract this evil is to carefully examine the soil and manure used for planting the roses in when turning it and kill all that are found; if during the summer you notice a plant hanging, while those around it are doing well, search around the roots and the chances are that you will find a grub there. Nematoids, the cause of club root, have only recently ap- peared in such quantities as to make them dangerous to rose growers. There ap- pears to be no way to get rid of them after they are once established in the plant; the only safeguard is to treat the soil in some way so as to kill them before it is brought into the houses, either by spreading during cold weather so as to freeze it, or heating. I think probably as they exist on the living roots of plants piling the soil for a season so as to kill all vegetable matter might starve them out. After having brought your plants into flower they will require cutting and send- ing to market; this is a branch of the work which requires the most careful attention, for if ouroutputdoes not reach the market in good shape all hope of com- pensative returns for our work vanishes. The cutting should be done by a careful, painstaking person and should always be done by the same party, as different roses require to be cut at different stages of development, and these can only be learned by practice. Cutting should be done twice a day, morning and evening; at times, however, they will require attention and going-over at about 11 o'clock. After being cut they should be sorted and each grade placed separate; stand in a cool room or cellar with the stems in water until wanted for use. In packing take care to have them properly placed, no crowding or bending of stems should be allowed, but they should be snug enough to remain station- ary while in transit. It is a great advan- tage to have your stock make a good impression when unpacked, especially in times of an abundant supply. If soft pa])er is wanted use tissue manilla, avoid wax paper, as it bruises the petals. Have your stock graded into first and seconds, even though there be very few seconds. The advantageof having a uniform grade of goods and nice appearance has been long recognized in other lines of business, but this knowledge seems to be sadly lacking in our own profession. I would like to say in conclusion, sys- tematize your work as much as possible; let each man have his allotted duties and hold them to their performance, attend to all details, see that nothing, however small a matter, is slighted, as the sum of small things makes success; keep your plants growing and avoid all checks, and much as we think we know about roses I venture to assert that no one as yet knows the capabilities or possibilities of the rose plant. Dwarfed Japanese Maples. The accompanying illustration is en- graved from a photograph of two speci- mens of dwarfed Japanese maples for which we are indebted to Mr. Shibota Tomiyami, of Kobe, Japan, now at the World's Fair. As noted the trees are kept in the form of a small bush. In many cases the tree is simply a stump with numerous different varieties of maple grafted upon it. In the miniature Japanese garden at the Fair is to be seen a maple of this form upon which no less than 24 different varieties have been grafted. World's Fair. During the past week there were some interesting gladioli to be seen at the Fair, through not as much in this lire as one would expect. A pleasing exhibit of cut blooms was shown in the south curtain of the Horticultural Building by the Cushman Gladiolus Co., of Euclid, Ohio, including good blooms of familiar types. J. C. Vaughan made a display of gladioli and sweet peas in connection with his seed exhibit in the north end of the build- ing, which brightened up the exhibit wonderfully, but these were all the cut blooms noted. Outside, however, in the beds north of the building, the new hy- brid gladioli shown by V. Lemoine & fils, Nancy, France, are now in good bloom, and promise to continue for some time. They are remarkably beautiful; the rich colors, unique markings, and broad spreading flowers are so distinct from the ordinary type. They are all the named sorts. Dr. H. P. Walcott is a light scarlet of remarkable size, a most beautiful flower; Jeanne d'Arc a light pink, slightly marked with sulphur; Beaurepaire a rich deep pink; Mme. Le- moinier a remarkable primrose yellow, the lower petals stained with blood red. This was a particularly fine sort. Abbe Frauente is a rich crimson, with a sul- phur band across the lower petals; Vesuve, deep fiery red, the throat and lower petals deepening to black; Gil Bias, salmon, the lower petals marked with a butterfly of deep red and sulphur, unique; M. Leveque, deep red; Nuee bleue, deep rich heliotrope. Every variety is worthy of note, and their richness of tint and marking is incomparable. There is also a display of gladiolus on the Island, where quite a quantity is in bloom in the rose garden. In the Horticultural Building there are no recent additions, though some changes in arrangement are made from time to time. The E. G. Hill begonias, to which reference has been made previously, have been supplied with excellent labels, which leave nothing to be desired in the way of clearness. Among these plants is Count Louis Erdody, a noticeable sort marked by a strange peculiarity in the leaf. In- stead of the leaf formation ceasing at the juncture with the stems it continues in a spiral form, giving the appearance of a little curl or rosette on the top of the leaf where it joins the stem. It is a handsome leaf, silver, with green nerves, and red- dish border, and covered with stronsr hairs. Nickel Plate is another fine sort; leaf green and silver, the green border be- ing covered with fine silver dots. Perle Humfeld is a large leaf, oddly splashed with silver. Inimitable is a large silvery leaf, very strong, covered with red hair. Anna Dorner is a fine acuminate leaf, green splashed with silver. Seedling num- ber S3 is very large, color velvety green, with a broad silver band. It is gratifying to note that the tuber- ous begonias continue to improve; those in the New York greenhouse are getting on very well, but all buds are removed, as soon as they show. There will be some beautiful lily of the valley to show the visiting florists; a quantity is already in bloom, being only about thirteen days in the sand, and is being kept in the cool- est place to hold it back. Another lot is now started, and is expected in by theend of the week. These are some of Ernst Asmus' cold storage pips, and they are fine; not one in the lot has gone blind, and it is as fine a batch of valley as one could wish to see. It will probably be displayed under the dome. The gloxinias are just about over. On the Wooded Island the greatest show now is made by the varieties of Phlox decussata, which are blooming very profusely. Ellwanger& Barry have a fine show in their pjeony bed, the p;EO- nies, of course, being entirely obscured by the tall phlox. A mass of the beautiful white variety. Queen Marie, is very fine; the flowers are very large, pure white, and waxy in texture. It is a tall-growing sort and very free blooming. H.Cannell of Swanley, Kent, ( England) now has his pEEOny bed gay with phlox; Rea Bros., of Norwood, Mass., show some good sorts in their herbaceous beds, and there is quite a display in Pitcher & Manda's beds. Among them is a very good white. The Pearl; Mme. Moisette, a good pink with a darker eye, and Mrs. Good wine, a deeper pink. In the German beds there is some good Drummond phlox, and one 14 The American Florist. Auz. lO. bed filled with the oddly shaped Star of Ouedlinburg is doing very well. Among flowers now in bloom on the Island Pardanthus (Belamcanda) chinen- sis is flowering freely, and making quite a show; Liatris spicata is covered with tall purple spikes, and a few larkspurs and harebells are still in bloom. But a good deal of the Island is showing the effect of the severe drouth; many shrubs are suffering, and a large proportion of the herbaceous plants and bedding. Ar- tificial watering can never take the place of good rainfall, and this light hungry soil dries out quickly. Nor is it possible for the present force at command to manage so much extra watering. A day of steady rain would be a wonderful ad- vantage. How Can We Best Increase the Love of Flowers Among the People. BY GEO. C. WATSON, PHlLADELrHIA. [Read before the Society of American Florists at the St. Louis Convention.] With many enthusiasts in the florist business, working for an increase of a love of flowers among the people is a hobby quite apart from any pecuniary returns rtsulting therefrom, and it is safe to say that this missionary spirit is present in a greater or lesser degree with us all. When to this is added the fact that when such an increase is achieved the increased de- mand for our products increases our pro- fits and the greater volume of business done improves the standing of the trade in the community, it is apparent why this question has such a vital interest for every one of us, and why we ought all to labor unceasingly to foster a love of flowers among the people — why we should think of it by day and dream of it by night, for there is both glory, honor and profit in the attainment of this noble and inspiring object. The Society of American Florists was formed to further the interests of its members in every legitimate way, and if it can by any possible means increase the love of flowers among the people it will be doing the most effective kind of ser- vice. Indeed it is generally admitted that it has already been a powerful factor in this, although perhaps indirectly. The great extension of intercourse which this society has created among the members of the' craft all over this continent; the improved methods of cultivation intro- duced by its discussions, and the conse- quent improvement in quality and lessen- ing of cost of flowers and plants; the great and beneficialinfluenceot its strenu- ous efforts for correctness in nomencla- ture; all these and various other influ- ences directly emanating from the S. A.F. have undoubtedly done much to increase a love of flowers among the people. One of the first duties, therefore, is to strongly support the S. A. F. in the work that it is doing, and to give it individually all the assistance we possibly can. The various florists' clubs scattered over the country are also a powerful factor, much in the same way as is the S. A. F. although within more prescribed limits. Every florist should belong to the local club, if there is one in his local- ity, and if there isn't he should set about forming one at once. It is the most astonishing thing to an onlooker to see the way the floristsofsometowns behave towards one another. Ten years ago it was worse than it is now; but there is a good deal of the old feeling still left in some localities. How much more sensible it would be, if instead of trying to cut one another's throats, each would join hands with the other and spend their surplus energies in devising ways and means to induce their constituency to buy more flowers and plant more plants for the mutual advantage of all concerned. Too much competition is a bad thing; but if the competition is present whether you like it or whether you don't, the wisest thing to do is to make it as innocuous as possible. The way to make competition innocuous is not by cutting prices and trying to freeze the other fellow out. That plan hurts the one party about as much as the other. A better plan is to get to- gether and try to devise a scheme lor en- larging the market; to find out what each can grow best, and to endeavor not to be both hunting the same hare. The florists' club is the best agency through which to accomplish an object like this where concerted action is desirable. And don't think that because there is but a handful of you in the locality that a club is impracticable. The number is imma- terial. Only get together, that is the main point. And don't sit down and wait for your neighbor to take the initia- tive. Make up your mind that you are going to do it yourself, and that you are going to get all the others interested, to help you. And don't give up because you find some that won't join in on the first asking. Don't be afraid of obstacles. Keep at it. The way opposition melts in the face of persistent effort is remarkable. Besides being active in the S. A. F. and the local club, every florist should sub- scribe for and read carefully the trade papers published in the interests of the craft. One may read therein things he already knows; but that's nothing. He might also miss something he doesn't know, and it's a pretty smart man that knows everything. One cannot reach their full measure of usefulness in spread- ing a love for flowers among the people unless he keeps himself thoroughly posted as to what's going on. Support the horticultural societv. If you have not got such make it your busi- ness to form one. A horticultural society is instituted for the very purpose of spreading a love of flowers among the people. By support it is not meant that you are simply to join the society and pay your yearly dues. That is only pas- sive support. Attend its meetings regu- larly. Be prepared to talk on interest- ing subjects connected with horticulture whenever there is a chance. Grow some- thing for the exhibitions. Be prepared to sacrifice a little in the good cause, even if there be no great inducement in the way of money prizes for exhibits. If you have nothing worthy of entering for a prize, be sure vou enter something for exhibition and inark it Jiot for competition. And grow something a little bit out of the common for this very purpose. A novelty need not be an absolutely ne-u' plant. Anything good, if a little bit neglected for a year or two, will give almost as good results as a "Stanley's wash-tub" or anything else from outlandish places. Too many of us lay too much stress on the premiums. If we don't get first we sulk and kick and makes things gener- ally disagreeable all around. We are too apt to forget that the best of judges are liable to err; that we can't all get the first prize; that our turn will come next; and that the prizes are a secondar3' con- sideration anyway in comparison to helping to spread a love of flowers among the people; and that our individual ex- hibit is perhaps doing more for the cause than some that have been luckier in prize getting on account of having a pot an inch smaller or something. Endeavor to get all the wealthy peo- ple, as well as those not so blest, into your society. And when you get them in impress upon them that they are active members and find ways for them to be active. Many who are members no w, do nothing, simply because they don't know what to do nor how to do it. If you go to a man who is a member and who has a conservatory for his own pleasure and say to him that the society is desirous of making an exhibit of some particular class of plants a feature at its next show and that you want his assistance, ten to one he will gladly do what is required, and when his gardener goes to him about the same matter he will have no trouble in getting the requisite authority to go ahead. Without this little stimulation of the interest of the owner, a private gardener is often afraid to grow anything new of his own accord, and sometimes he thinks the prizes are not big enough; but if once he knows that the owner wishes it, the prizes become a secondary consider- ation. Being a member of a horticult- ural society implies a certain amount of obligation to further the interests of the institution, and it should be firmly im- pressed on each and every one who joins, that he or she is expected to become an active worker, and the executive should see to it that some duty is entrusted to them at as early a date as possible. Train the young. Much has already been said at previous conventions on this; but it is of such importance that it cannot be too often insisted on in any effort for the advancement of horticult- ure. The Massachusetts Horticultural Society, the Amateur Gardener's Society of Springfield, Mass., and perhaps some others have a department specially de- voted to this purpose, and it should form a part of the work of every horticultural and kindred society in the country. The impressions received in childhood are deep and lasting, and we are derelict in our duty if we do not make every effort possible to foster a love of gardening in the young. Many Sunday schools make a feature of plant and flower growing and exhibiting same. These deserve every encouragement. Something might be done with the public schools. [concluded next week.] The Horticultural Congress. Thefollowing is the outline program so far as arranged for the General Horticult- ural Congress to be held at the Art Insti- tute, Adams street and Michigan avenue, Chicago, beginning August 16ch and con- tinuing three days: GENERAL SESSION, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 16, 10 A. M. Technical Horticultural Education. Prof. Wm. Trelease, of Missouri Botan- ical Gardens. Improvement and Care of Public Grounds.— Developing and Conserving Natural Beauty. Wm. McMillan, Buffalo Parks. Relation of Experiment Stations to Commercial Horticulture. Chas. W. Gar- field, of Michigan. Horticultural Displays at Future World's Fairs. Prof. Dr. L. Wittmack, Berlin, Germany. Horticulture and its General Relation to Art. seedsmen's session, THURSDAY, AUGUST 17, 10 A. M. Pedigree, or Grade Races in Horticult- ure. Henri L. de Vilraorin, Paris, France. Seed Growing in Denmark. J. Pedersen- Bjergaard, Copenhagen. i893' The American Florist, 15 Comity in the Seed Trade. Jas. J. H. Gregory, Marblehead, Mass. Knowledge in the Seed Trade. E. V. Hallock, Queens, N. Y. Selection in its Relation to Seed Grow- ing. C. L. Allen, Floral Park, N. Y. American Seed Growing. C. C. Morse, Santa Clara, California. nurserymen's session, THURSDAY, AUG. 17, 10 A. M. General. Japanese Nurseries, Dwarfing of Plants and Miniature Gardening. Henry Izawa. Interstate Laws to Control Insects and Diseases. Edward Willets, John Rock. Forestry and Nursery. Heir Runne- baum, Eberswalle, Prussia. Specific. Present Status of the Nursery Trade in Europe. Victor Lemoine, H. Waterer. In Oiir Own South. In Mississippi Valley. On Pacific Slope. W. R. Williams, Seth Llewellyn. Historyof Nursery Business in America. florist's session, THURSDAY, AUGUST 17, 8 p. M. Address of Welcome. The Past of Floriculture. Prof. G. L. Goodale, Cambridge, Mass. The Present of Floriculture. Robert Craig, Philadelphia, Pa. The Future of Floriculture. E. G. Hill, Richmond, Ind. Hybridization and the Benefit Accruing to Horticulture. Prof. Cbas. Naudin, Antibes, France. How Best to Subserve and Protecjt the Interests of the Originator of New Plants. Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, Cal. The Packing and Shipping of Plants. The Utilitarian Advantage and Impor- tance of Floriculture. POMOLOGIST's session, THURSDAY, AUGUST 17, 8 p. M. General. Amelioration of our Native Fruits by Artificial Crossing and Selection. Location and Environment as Affecting the Evolution of Fruits. G. B, Brackett, Iowa. Mediterranean Fruits. Catalogues and Nomenclature. T. T. Lyon, South Haven, Mich. Specific. Our Citrus Belts. Commercial Apple Culture. Peach Areas and Problems. Vine Culture and Products. Geo.Saow, New Y'ork; Geo. W. Campbell, Delaware, Ohio. SITUATIONS. WANTS. FOR SALE. Advertlsementa under this head will be Inserted at the rate of 10 cents a line (seven words) each loeer- tlon. Cash must accompany order. Plant advB. not admitted under this head. SITUATION WANTED-By experienced rose grower, single; best of reference. Address K W E. 424 Washimu'ton St., Brighton. Mass. SITl'ATloX WAXTKD-Indlaiia preferred; com- inercliil iir store, (.ioud iill round man: single; references. Addre^^^i J H. I'cquannuck, N. J. SITUATION \VANTEI)-As foreman in commercial place; age ;JU; married. P'lrst-clasH references. Address Uosex, box til. Providence, 11. 1. SITUATION WANTED-By a «<.ud tlorlst as fore' man ur assist iiiit— commercial place preferred- Many years" experience in the business, (iood recnm. mendationa. Address \V K. eare Am. Florist. SITUATION WANTED-By a single Scotchman; at^e ;iU years; is a flrst-chiss propagator and grower; would like to negotiate with party requiring the service of same. Competent to take charge If wanted. Ad- dress (;ku\\ek. care American EI()rlst. SITUATION WANTED-A Hollander 24 years of age. having several years' experience In Holland in gardening. planlhiL' id trees and tlowers. laving out of gardens, etc.. desires situutlon. Best of r.'ferences given. Address Holland, care Am. Florist. W Address SITUATION WANTED-As manager or foreman in a large commercial place; thoroughly posted In the growing of roses, camatiims. violets, chrysanthe- mums, decorative and bedding plants, the forcing of all kinds of bulbs, making up. etc.; 22 years' experi- ence; single, (iood testimonials. State wages, etc. Flohist, 41 Steinway Ave., Cleveland, O. SITUATION WANTED-By single, young, practical tlorlst and gardener; wide e.xperience In both branches. Also in mushroom culture, fruit growing and landscape work. Life e.v|>erlence. Last 5 years as head florist and gardener in large public Institu- tion. Not afraid of work. Best of references. Prefer a private place. Address H. SwABV. box 5(i. Clifton. Green Co., O. ANTED—A handy man to take charge of mush- room cellars. Inquire for particulars at once. HEUMAN CLAUSE>f. Gypsum, Ottawa Co.. Ohio. WANTED— A good all i;ound, married man to grow roses, carnations and violets for retail trade. A sober, pushing man of experience. State wiiges wanted with house. M.J. Lynch. Poughkeepsle. N. Y. WANTED— A commercial traveler for the United States, on lu per cent, commission, forone of the oldest and best nurserlesof Ghent, Belgium. Address with references, E V C, care American Florist, Chicago. WANTED— Young, single man: must have experi- ence in growing roses and carnations; must know something about design work, and speak Eng- lish and (iennan. (iood wages and steady work for the right man. Apply to A. IvLOKNKii. 2m Grand Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. lOR SALE OR LET— A valuable tlorlst establish- ment near depot. Apply Jacob Menuel, Nyack, N. T. F FOR SALE— lOOO feet of four-tnch pipe and fittings in good condith^n. Price JtiU on board cars, Ad- dress B. L. Clark, West St.. Randolph, Mass. FOB SALE— The W. D. Allen greenhouses at Sum- merdale, Chicago. Eleven houses. Will be sold at a low price for cash. Address J. H. Allen, Summerdale, 111. FOR SALE— The rarest chance to procure a well established business. OnlyK^OU cash required; in an excellent neighborhood. For particulars, address Isaac a. Passmoue. Oxford, Pa. FOR SALE-2.00U feet 4-incli pipe at T cents a foot. Tees and elbows at 15 cents. Also i^. doz. valves. Address .J. F. Kli.mmer. Desplalnes and Harrison Ave., Oak Park. 111. F^OR SALE— The greenhouses, stock and good will of the old established tlorlst business of the late T. C. Ingram. Terms reasonable. Address ALFUEiJ Hamlin. 1011 St. Louis Ave.. Kansas City, Mo. FOR SALE CHEAP— On accountof leaving city win sell ray established floral store. Good trade. Hrst- class location. Will sliow books as to amount of sales. This is a snap. Address F. LocKYEAU. 302 31st St., Chicago. FOR SALE-At a sacrifice: one of the best florist's businesses in Canada. estJibllshed over 30 years; four greenhouses, with hot water heating; garden crop in liigh state of cultivation; no opposition; satis- factory reasons for selling. Address THUS. SiNCLAiH & Sun, Ingersoll. Ontarla. Canada. FOR SALE— My retail fiorlst business at 897 and 899 W. Madison street. Chicago. Completely stocked with supplies and plants. Good horses, wagon and every thing that a first-class store needs. 42 ft. fronts age of large show glass. This Is no run-flown business but one of the best paying in this city. Cause for sell Ing, too much other business. Apply to T. J. CoBBitEY. 45 Lake St.. Florists' Exchange. FOR RENT OR SALE-In a city of 38.000, a private place (small acrei, well stocked, on street car line, one bouse SUxIn. 20 feet high, planted with Asparagus plumosus and smllax, one house for general stock 75xliJ; dwelling with 7 rooms, good barn: business not overdone. Cut tlowers and spring trade very good. Everything new; heated by hot water; just the plaee for a married man with a small capital. Rent $350 per year for three years. Owner wishes to go trav- elling. Address C F P. care American Florist. Chicago. THB OIL. CITY GREENHOUSES, OIL CJTV, I'A, 4,-300 feet of glass, heated with No. 7 Furraau steam boiler. Houses in good repair and well stocked. A bargain. FOR SALE OR RENT. Rose and cut flower growing plant containing about 35.000 square feet of glass; houses heated by steam and hot water; all In good condition; well stocked with roses, ferns, palms, etc. Only l.S minutes ride from center of city. If you mean business, address FLORIST, care Chas. E. Prather, Louisville. K>. steel Boiler, Kroeshell maker; 3 years in use. Length, 10 feet y inches; Width, 4 feet; 20x4-inch flues: 6x4-inch outlet; 0x4-inch inlet. Also large iron front and arch bars. Heating capacity, 6,000 feet 4-inch pipes. Price, |17o.00 cash. ■R. J. LEWIS, 1116 Duniiins: St., CHICAGO. FOR SALE OR TO RENT. The following greenhouse property, situated on the outskiils of Springfield, the City of Houses; or will sell Greenhouses. Stock and Fixtures and give ten years' lease of 2 acres land. Ten houses in all — 5 houses, 10 feet wide, t>5 feet long; 4 houses. 18 feet wide, 65 feet long; 1 house, 18 feet wide, 65 feet long. Steam plant! New double Florida Boiler. Stock in good condition, with a large and extra good home market. This is an opportunity i" a life-time, as present owner has other interests to look after. If yon are looking for a chance, apply at once to 5 KIm Street. SPRINGFIELD. MASS, We Sell Mushroom Spawn. LILIUM HARRISII 4ND DUTCH BULBS. Special Low I'rices to Florists and Dealers. WEEBER & DON. Seed Merchants and Growers, 114 Chambers St., New York; fl NEW PLANT FOR THE FLORIST Dracaena Sanderiana. :rvE>^Vir. isos. The best of all variegated Dracsnas, with green and silverv striped foliage; bright, decora- tive, free growing, and possessing MOST EXTRAORDINARY LASTING PROPERTIES. It has gained unanimous First Prizes, and First-Class Certificates wherever shown. It was one of six New Plants that won the First Prize at the Great International Exhibition at Ghent, this year. The same specimen, after traveling over 5,000 miles, was exhibited in splend'd health at the Chicago Exposition, which demon- strates its most robust constitution. TO F. SANDER & CO., St. Albans, England, OR A. DIMMOCK, Agsnt, 205 Greenwich St., NEW YORK CITY. Mention American Florlat. 16 The American Florist. Ajig. lo^ Subricrlption $1.00 a Year. To Europe, $2.00. Advertisements. lo Cents a Line, Agate; Inch. Si. 40, Column, S14.00. Cash with Order. No Special Position Gaaranteed. Discounts, 6 times. 5 per cent; 13 times. 10 percent; 26 times, 20 per cent; 52 times. 30 per cent. No reduction made for large space. The AdvertlsinK Department of the American Florist is for Florists. Seedsmen, and dealers In wares oertaining to those lines Only. Please to remember it. Orders lor less than one-hall inch space not accepted. Advertisements must reach us by Monday to secure Insertion in the issue for the following Thursday. Address THE AMERICAN FLORIST CO.. Chicago. New York. The James Taplin greenhouses at May- wood, N. J., are now closed, Mrs. Taplin retiring from business. It is doubtful whether the place will again be occupied by a florist's business, as property in that vicinity is now verv desirable for residence purposes. Jas. S. Taplin, who had charge of the business as administrator, goes to Madison as foreman for T. J. Slaughter. YoNKERS, N. Y. — A chrysanthemum show will be given here October 31 to November 4 under the auspices of the Yonkers Teutonia Society. The premium list has been printed and copies may be had on application to Mr. John Beattie, manager of the exhibition, Riverdale, New York City. Bloomsburg, Pa. — The wife of Mr. J. L. Dillon died July 30, aged 44 years. She had been an invalid for about ten years, but until the last two years had been able to attend to her household duties. Her husband and two children survive her. Mr. Dillon will have the sincere sympathy of his many friends in the trade in his bereavement. TopEKA, Kans. — In the future the busi- ness formerly carried on by the Boneita Greenhouses will be done by the Bates Floral Co. To meet the demands of their growing business more houses were needed, so Mr. W. L. Bates' father, Mr. Geo. P. Bates, took an interest in the concern and advanced the money to make the needed improvements. They have leased a building in the city and about September 1 will open a down town store. Do YOU WANT an alphabetical list of the chrysanthemums in commerce in America, with class and a brief accurate description of each one, and synonyms noted? You will find such a list in our trade direct- orv and reference book. "J ACQ" ROSES the Year Around. We are now Cutting THOUSANDS DAILY of * METEOR ROSES * The finest Crimson Summer Rose, equal to "Jacq" in color and far superiorin keeping qualities. Can supply it in quantity at all times. Prices on application. F. E. PIERSON COMPANY, TARRYTOWN-ON-HUDSON, NEW YORK. THEY SAY "T8PBRJGU8 plumosus nmus at 50 cents a string, 8 to 12 feet in length, is the cheapest and best material for deco- rating, as it will stand longer and look better than any other green in this hot weather OKDER IN LARGE OK .SMAI.I. QUANTITIES, FROM W. H. ELLIOTT, Brighton, Mass. THE SMILAX KING! ^yilO? KOFFMAN, Where ? What? WALDEN, Orange Co., N. Y. SMILAX 2.5c. a string; 20c. a string by the hun- dred ; I80. a string by the thousand. Wlien ? ALL THE YEAR ABOUND. And he pays the Express. Mention American Florist. Phoenix rupicola. This useful and beautiful Date Palm in EXTRA FINE PLANTS, growing in from 7 to 10-inch pots, from $3.50 to $7.50 each, accordingto size. EDWIN LONSDALE, Wyndmoor, STATION "G," (Chestnut Hill P. O.) PHILADELPHIA. GflTflLOOUE PRINTING. ELEGTROTyPING. Done with expert ability for Florists Nurserymen, Seedsmen. Write to J. Horace McFarland Co., HARBISBCBG. PA. WHOLESALE FLORISTS N. E. CORNER 13th & Chestnut Sts., PHILADELPHIA. SAMUEL S. PENNOCK, Wholesale Florist REMOVED TO REAR OF 42 S. 16th ST., HARDY CUT FERNS LAUREL FESTOONING, ETC. The only place in the world where you can Always get them, 18 Chapman Place, BOSTON, MASS. CUT BLOOMS OF ASTERS, Carefully packed and shipped at short notice. Price, jSl.OO per 100. Address J. G. BURROW, Fishkill. N. Y. Dissolution of Partnership. The co-partnership heretofore existing between Thomas Young, Jr. and John Young under the firm name of Young Bros., is this day dissolved by mutual consent. The business will be continued as usual at 20 W. 24th St. by Thomas Young, Jr., who will collect all outstanding ac- counts due the late firm. THOMAS young, Jr. New York, August ist. 1893. JOHN YOUNG. rSgj. The American Florist. 17 E. H. HUNT, Wholesale Plorist 79 Lake Street, CHICAGO. PerlOO Perle, Nlphetos, Gontler $2.00(S$3.UO Brides. Mermets, La France 3.0O@ 4.0O Meteors 5.00 Carnations, short .50 long. .. l.UO Adlantum 1.00 Valley 3.00 Smllax 12.50®ie.00 Ferns, common, 30o. per lOO; *2 60 per 1000. Kennicou Bros. Go. WHOLESALE GUT FLOWERS, 34 & 36 Randolph Street, ■W1E.E -W-OUK: .a. SI'BCI-A.IiT"2". A. L. RANDALL. Wholesale Florist and Dealer in FLORISTS' SUPPLIES, 126 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. store Closes Nights 9 P. M.; Sunday 3 P. M. NILES CENTER FLORAL CO. Incorporated . WHOLESALE GROWERS OF GUT FLOWERS Ol ALL KINDS and Dealers in FLOHISTS' SUPPLIES. CHAS. W. McKELLiVJt, Mgr. In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange. 45 Lake St., CHICAGO. I^. OlvSOJV, » Wtol'sale FLORIST, 66 WABASH AVENUE, Telephone 4786. CHICAGO, ILL. or. J. OOIiBIiK'S', Wholesale and Commission 45 Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange. . . . A. G. PRINCE & CO., Wholesale and Commission FIvORISXS, 45 LAKE STREET. In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange. CHICAGO. DAN'L B. LONG, COMMISSION • FLORIST, 495 Washington St., BUFFALO, N. Y. FORCING BCLB8, FLORISTS' SUPPLIES, LONG'S FLORISTS' PHOTOGRAPHS. Lists, Terms, &c. on application. t L SUNDERBRUCK, WHOLESALE FLORISl 4TH &, Walnut Streets, ©yv'RofciiaPe MarfteC4). Cut Flowers. NEW YORK. Aug. 8. Roses 1.00® 3.00 Beauty 5.00O15.00 Carnations 250.00 Chicago, Aug. 8. Roses, Perles, Gulllot, Nlphetos 2.00® 3.00 Albany, Bride 3.00® 4.00 Meteor 5.00 Beauties 8.00®10.00 Carnations 60® 1,00 Sweet Peas .15 Auratum U.OO® 8. 00 Gladiolus, longlflorum 4.0U® 0.00 Cornflowers .20 Asters 1 . 00 Hollyhocks, white 100 Valley 1.00® 3.00 Dahlias 1.00 Smllax 12.00®15.00 A.sparagus 00.00 Peck & Sutherland, Successors to WM. J. STEWART, Gut Fiowersi Florists' Supplies -^ WHOLESALE. ^^ 67 Bromfield Street, BOSTON, MASS. WHOLESALE FLORISTS, JOBBERS IN . . . . . FLORISTS' Mc-rc ^m. «-^o> SUPPLIES, METS, ^^ ^__S BRIDES, ^-g-^LOR.STS- GONTIERS, ^"^i-* -^J^ VASES, CARNATIONS, ALWAYS ON HAND. 1 Music Hall Place, BOSTON, MASS. HORTlCnLTDRAL AncriONEEES. WELCH BROS., Wholesale Florists, wo. 2 BEACON STREET. Near Tremont St., BOSTON, MASS. Mention American Florist. Sexid for ^ Coi>y TRADE DIRECTORY AND REFERENCE BOOK. P-RICE S2.00. AMERICAN FLORIST CO , p. O. Drawer 104. CHICAGO, ILL. CUT «SIVIIIvA.X:, 15 cts. per string till November Ist. Quality first-class. Speehil attention to orders by wlre. J. E. BONSALL & SON, 308 Garfield Ave.. Salem. 0. BURNS & RAYNOR. 49 West 28th Street, WHOI.i:SALE DEALERS XTX AND SHIPPERS OF Clioic© IMo-werse WALTER F. SHERIDAN. WHOLESALE — 32 West 30th Street, MEW YORK. Roses Shipped to all Points. Price list on zpplicatior. HUNTER & FURDY, WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Cut « Flowers 51 W. 30th St., NEW YORK. FKANK D. HUNTER. JAMBS PtJRDY, Formerly U2 W. 40th St JAMES HART, WHOLESALE FLORIST, 117 W. 30th ST., NEW YORK. the Oldest Established Commission House in N. Y. LARGE SHIPPING TRADE. CAREFUL PACKING. THEO. ROEHRS, WHOLESALE F IvO R I ST, 111 West 30th Street, NEW YORK CITY. Established 1879 MILLANG BROS., Wholesale Florists, 17 WEST 28TH STREET, BRANCH: Cut Flower Exchange. 408 E. 34th Street. MICHAEL A. HART, Wholesale! Commission Florist 113 WEST 30TH STREET. PIK'^V -K-OI^It. THE FINEST ROSES AND CARNATIONS. Branch, at Cut Flower Exchange. 408 E. 34th St. EDWARD C. HORAN, 34 W. 79th Street, NEW YORK. Wholesale Florist Careful Shipping: to all parts of the country. Price list on application, o. A.. k:xjjb>hjv, (Successor to ELLISON & KUEHN), ^if^ WHOLESALE ^S* 1122 FI3SrE STItEEX, (St:, l^ouls, Ado. A oomplete line at Wire Desl^iu. W. ELLISON. WHOLESALE Cut Flowers I Florists' Supplies I4-02 PINE STEET, •)!■ St. HvOtAi®, ado. 18 The American Florist, Aug. 10, HKe ^eec} Hzac^e. AM. SEED TRADE ASSOCIATION. J. C. VAUGHAN, Chicago, president; A. L. Don, New Fork, secretary and treasurer. The eleventh annual meeting at Chicago. August 14 to 16. 1S93. Applica- tions for membership should be addressed to Wm, Meggatt. chairman membership committee, Wethers- fleld. Conn. Onion Sets, Philadelphia Crop Reports. The following notes will be of interest as showing the state of the crop in this section. One of the largest handlerssays: "We think the indications are that crops of onion sets are very short in this immediate section. The sets as a rule are small and excellent samples but are not turning out the bushels as in former sea- sons.'' Another big operator says: "The onion set crop in this section is short of the average; many fields have been sadly damaged by maggot, while the excessive dry weather in the latter part of the sea- son has reduced the crop in a material degree." Another report is even more discour- aging: "So far as we can learn of the crop in this section it will be very short indeed: do not think half a crop will be realized. Many growers have informed us that they will not get back the price of their seed. High prices will rule of course. We think when all reports are in it will be the lightest crop in many years." Chillicothe, 0., reports about two- thirds of a crop. Chicago reports about same yield as last season and of better quality. The Lohrman Seed Co., of Detroit are succeeded by Lohrman, Brotherton & Co., Mr. Phillip Breitmeyer being admit- ted as a special partner. Mr. Ends S. Harnden, the new special agent for the Government Seed Depart- ment, is reported to have so far saved the government over 25% on purchases he has made. The American Pomological Society has issued a circular announcing that it is deemed inexpedient to hold the regular biennial session at Chicago August 16 to 19 as had been intended, and the execu- tive committee has therefore decided to call a social reunion of the members to convene at the Art Palace on.the Lake front, Chicago, at 4 p. m. August 17, 1893, when the time and place for the next regular biennial session will be agreed upon. The members are urged to be present during the sessions of the Horti- cultural Congress, August 16 to 19. SMI LAX. First-class, from 2j^-incli pots, |2.50 per 100; ;J20.00 per 1000. Sample free. Address J. Q, :B*a.*'«-0'W', FISHKILL. N. Y. MfiRIE LOUISE VIOLETS Field 1,'rown plants. Fine stock. PER HUNDRED $10. OO PER THOUSAND 80.00 500 at 1000 rate. C let. IC1VA.I»F», 1'. 0.box(;2. NKW HAMHUKOH, N. Y. Please mention the American Flo- rist every time you write to an adver- tiser in these columns. Roman Hyacinths, P. W. Narcissus, L. Harrisii, Freesias, *^]fiOW READY. PQ3ES Foig i^oigciivo. PERLES, BRIDES, LA FRANCE, ETC., per 100 S5.00; per 1000 W45.00. Special C. SOUPERT, 2>^-inch, fine stuff, per 100 IfdS.SO; 3^-lncIi, per 100 S8.00. VAUGHAN'S INTERNATIONAL PANSY MIXTURE, ITow Beady, is a World Beater. Vaughan's Seed Store, 148 W. Washington St., CHICAGO. 26 Barclay St., NEW YORK. HARRISII, ROMANS Our stock is unsurpassed, the bulbs are solid, thoroughly ripened and cured, well formed and. up to measurement. FREESIAS. Select stock. Per 100, 75 cents; per 1,000, SJ,.50. FANST SEED. BARNARD'S FLORIST MIXTURE is popular wherever tried. Per trade packet, 25 cents; per Yz ounce, SI. 00. CANE STAKES, HORN SHAVING, BONE NIEAL, ETC. W. W. Barnard & Co. 6 and 8 N. Clark Street, CHICAGO. QNION SEED= • OUR SPECIALTY. Grown from selected Onions and the purest stock in the United States. 1893 CROP 1893 Yellow Globe Danvers, Yellow Flat Danvers, Extra Early Red, Wethersfield. Write for Prices. GOX SEED AND PLANT GO. San Francisco, cal. Berlin Lily of tlie Valley Pips, A 1 yUAMTV. 1. MARTENS, HAMBURG. GERMANY. Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. 100.000 Ereesias. Extra fine select stock. Bulbs running fully 500 to the pound. $5.00 PER 1000 DELIVERED. :- Apply at Once =: NOW READY : CAIiIiAS in all sizes, large stock. California Bulbs— LONGIFLORUMS in August. We ship Auratums, Rubrums, Albums in October. Send for our new Price List. H. H. BERGER & CO.. SAN FRANCISCO, CAIi. Mention American Florist. HULSEBOSCH BROS., BULB AND PLANT GROWERS, OVERVEEN. near Haarlem, HOLLAND. Per 1(10 1000 Llllum Hnrrlsli, 4 to 5-Inch in clrc *2.20 S19.00 .5 to 7-lnch In clrc 3.00 24.00 7 to H-inch In circ 6.25 4Y.0O llto 12-lncli In clrc 11.00 100.00 Llllum Longiflorum 10 per cent dearer than Llilum Harrisii. Roman Hyacinths, extra selected 2..')0 22.00 top roots 3.00 2.'i.00 NaKis. Totus Albus. extra selected l.UO 7.50 ■• Grandltiorm.ext. s'lcd 1.30 ll.OO Fall Wholesale Catalogue now ready. Address A. HULSEBOSCH, p. 0. Box 3118. Warehouse 58 West Street, NEW YORK CITY. Mention American Florist. G. J. 3VEOFFATT, 3Ianufacturer of PAPER BAGS AND ENVELOPES Special attention given to Seed Bags and Catalogue Envelopes. MEiaf HAVEHT. COWIH LILIUM HARRISII, FREESIAS, ROMANS, Florisis' Supplies, NOW READY Wire Work. WISCONSIN FLOWER EXCHANGE, 4e.s Milwaukee St., Milwaulcee, AVis. ! :^xjx.:ias : Lilium Auratum, Spec. Riibrum, Spec. Album IvOUgi florura, etc. Order now. Callas, Callas, at lowest rates: Fresh Cut Cycas leaves, prices and sizes to suit all. Fresh im- ported Cycas, lowest prices. Camellias, Pa;onias, Japau Maples, and for general Japanese stock seeds. Remember we guarantee sound delivery, still goods travel at owner's risk. Apply to Nursery and Greenh'iuses, 303 to 312 Wayne Street, SAN FKAMCISCO, CAL. i8g3. The American Florist. 19 Gape '""'•'I quality at $1.00 the R).; 10 It), lots, $9 net. RVPSIC I PilVPC (Sago Palms), natural UJbaO LCaiCO prepared, equal to fresh cut in appearance, from 28-in. upwards, at 4CC., 45c., 50c., 60c., 75c. and fl.OO each, ac- cording to length. Metal Designs, s^4; ^^t. latest French styles, from 50 cents net apiece upwards. P<|p|/p|p of all styles. Plain and Fancy, UaOIVIilO for School Commencements, Dinners, Receptions, Favors, etc. Supplies of all kinds, ^;;e? V,':i, Wax Paper, Foil, Immortelles, Letters, Wire Designs, Funeral Sheaves, Doves, etc. For prices consult our Trade Catalogue, mailed free. August Riilker & Sons, 136 & 138 W. 24lh St., UnuiYnrU P. 0. Station E. nCff IUI^■ WHITE DOVES FOR FUORISTS. Largest and finest stock In the United States. Write for prices to ». J. XSUSS^XvUv* 850 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N. J. FOR SALK BV Messrs. F. E. McAIliHtor. A. Her- rmann. N- StelTens and Reed & Kulhr. Ni-w Vurk; \V. €. Krlck. Brooklyn. N. Y.: }I. BayersdoilVr \ < v.., Ernst Kaulmann and Marschuetz A: Co.. I'lillailelplila. Pa.; C. Rlbsam & Sons. I'renton, N. J.; J. M. JMcCuUough'a Sons and B. P. CrltcheU & Co., Cincinnati. O.; J. C. Vaughan. Cbicago. III.; Wisconsin Flower Exchange and "Currle Bros.. Milwaukee. Wis.: C. A. Kuehn. 8. Mount & Co.. C. Voung i: Sons Co., Wm Ellison and Jordan Floral Co., St. Tjouis, Mo.; Ed. S. Schiiiid. Washington. D. C: G. W. Currey & Co. and Eckhardt &Co.. Nashville. Tenn.; T. W. Wood .te Sons, Rich- mond, Va.; U. J. Virgin, New Orleans, La.: D. B. Long. Buffalo, N. Y.; F. C. Huntington & Co.. Indian- apolis, Ind.; J. A. Simmers, Toronto, Ont. Mention American Florist H. BAYERSDORFER & CO., WHOLESALE FLORISTS' SUPPLIES ONLY, »0 :Pff. ■»*»:» street, PHILADELPHIA, FA. Out ne^r Oataloirne is now oat. free upon application. MflRSGflUETZ & GO.. Florists' SUDDli6§. 23 & 25 N. 4th St., PHILADELPHIA. PA. Send for Catalogue. ^^_^^«^^m^ Ernst Kaufmann & Co., Florists' SuDDiies. 113 NORTH 4th Street, • PHILADELPHIA. PA. Kills Mildew and Fungus Growth. What does? GRAPE OUST. Sold by Seedsmen. Auguste van G-eert, Ghent, Belgium. (KSTAIJLISHED 1808.) K. J. KUYK, SUCCESSOR. Special Culture for the Trade. ANDROMEDA JAPONICA, CROTONS, ANIHURIUMS. DRAC;ENAS, ARALIA KERKHOVEANA. ERICAS. SIEBOLDII. EURYA LATIFOLIA, VEITCHII, LILACS FOR FORCING ARAUCARIAS. METROSIDEROS SEMP., ASPARAGUS PLU. NANUS, OPHIOPOGON Jaburan. f.v ASPIDISTRA, ORCHIDS, AZAIEAS. PALMS, BAY TREES, PANDANUS, CAMELLIAS, RHODODENDRONS, And lull strain of Rare Plants and Novelties BULB FARMS at HILLEGOM, HOLLAND. -Kif-Ask for catalog^ue and prices, if not already- received. ^«v DREER'S '%sT/5>'^"lk\GflRDE,N Seeds, VJ!(.ly^,^i^yi Plants, Bulbs & Requisites. ^iP Ix^ ^l;l They are the best at the UWSHi>ifltUABIf/r-/ lowest prices. Trade List is- 1 ^A» w*/ sued quarterly, mailed free to the trade only. HKNKY A. DKEEK, PhUadelphia, Pa. Smilax Plants. Good strong roots, l year old last February, |;3.00 per tOO; S25.00 per lOOO. A limited supply Cyclamen persicum gigan- teum. large bulbs, Jl.OO per doz. WILL EXCHANGE FOR GOOD PALMS OR FERNS. Guelf's Seed Store, Brockport. N. Y. Cyclamen Seeds. KOCHS SUPERB PRIZE CYCLAMEN, THE FINEST STRAIN IN THE WORLD. Brlsht (liirk red IfiOO seeds $4.50 KOBO of Marlentlml 1000 seeds 4.5IJ t^TT White witli carmine eye ItHIOseeds S.T.S M(.'nt Blanc, extra 1000 seeds 0,25 Cash with order. LUDWIG KOCH. Wandsbek. Hamburg, Germany. Notice of Dissolution. August 1st. iH'.;i Notice Is hereby Kiven that the co-partnersliip liere- tuforeexistinti between Duvid Allan and David Fislier. doinjj business as tlurists and nurserymen, in that part iif Wntunn, Ciiunty of Middleae.v and Common- wealtli tif Massaoliusetts. called ■■Monivale." under the Hnii and style nf "Klslier Brothers A Cu." has been ttii> day, Itv mutual cimsent. dissolved. Sail! iiLtsliiff-s will be hereafter carried on bv David Fi^lR■^ alitnr, w lio assumes all liabilities <.»f said flrni and tu wliiiiu all claims belonging; to said firm should be paid. Signed DAVID AI^LAN. DAVID K18IIEH. On Commission. If you wish to purchase at the lowest rates, or to accept consignments for sale on commission, of Belgium articles, such as Azalea indica, Palms, Dracaenas, etc., please write for list and conditions of sale. Ad- dress M K L, care Am. Florist, Chicago, SURPLUS STOCK. I'er IilO I'Mnf SiuUax plants, pot grown $2.00 IMumltauos. tjushy. 2 year plants. 5-lnch pots. . .. O.UO Mennt'l and Bride Koses. ex'tra strong, 2-lnch put plnnla 4.0O Cane ri;int Slakes, J4. 60 per 1000. sent freight prepaid wltlilii :i.".'. SHERWOOD HALL NURSERY CO. Menio Park and San Francisco, Gal, Nice, strong plants for ferneries, from 6 to 12 inches high. DAVALLIA STRICTA, PTERIS ARGYREA iVARIEGATA), PTERIS SERRULATA CRISTATA, POLYPODIUM AUREUM, In mixture only, SG.OO per hundred. S. J. REUTER, Westerly, R. I. SMILAX Extra Strong Plants, from 2i{-inch pots only. SH.75 per 100. 9t>16.00 per 1000. lieite Floral Company 712 Linwood Ave., Kansas City, Mo VICTOR SPRAY PUMP. The most wonderful pump ever invented. Re- quires no foot-rest or support. Send for prices. HENION & HUBBELL. 55 N. Clinton St., Chicago. 111. 20 The American Florist. Aug. 10, Philadelphia. A meeting of the creditors of La Roche & Stahl was held Friday afteruocn August 4, in the office at the greenhouses at Collingdale, Delaware county. Over seventy florists were present. C. D. Ball of Holmesburg was elected chairman and Robert Kift secretary. The meeting was called by Messrs. La Roche & Stahl to make a statement of their assets and liabilities to the creditors and present a plan for paying off their indebtedness. Mr. La Roche stated that they had pre- pared a statement of their assets, but he could not just lay his hand on it at pres- ent, but he gave a verbal list which was copied down by, the secretary, and was as follows: Greenhouse property sixteen houses $17,000 Real estate on which they stood 15,000 Office, pottiUfi shed, wagon shed windmill 5,325 Horses, wagons, carts, etc 2,000 Store fixtures and stock 13ch and Chestnut 550 Book accounts 5,000 Merchandise and stock in green- houses 15,000 Sash on place 225 Total assets, greenhouse and store 60,100 Mortgage on greenhouse prop- erty 11,000 Other assets were equities in building lots and some mort- 49,100 gages.. 43,200 Total assets 92,300 The liabilities as per judgment confessed to the trustee, and on which execution was taken footed up to $71,328.65. Of this amount $22,000 iu round numbers is due to one hundred and forty-five flo- rists, while nine other creditors, promi- nent among whom are national banks who hold nearly fifty thousand dollars worth ot the firm's paper, represent the balance. The florists' claims run from a few dol- lars up to $1,600, this being the largest amount due any one creditor; there were quite a number of claims noticed above $300 in the list which Mr. La Roche read at the request of one of the creditors. Mr. La Roche then presented the prop- osition or settlement which they desired to make with the florists. He said they must have time, that if the sheriffs sale under the execution was allowed to go on, probably not more than half the amount of the valuation of the assets would be realized, if that much. The proposition of the firm was that they pay five per cent, of each claim semi-annually from date of judgment, July 24, as well as interest at six per cent, until all in- debtedness was paid, which practically meant an extension for ten years. Immediately after the proposition J. B. Candy of Langhorne, Pa., moved that it be accepted provided the banks would agree; the motion being seconded, was put to the meeting and passed unani- mously without any discussion wh?it- ever. A poll of those present was then taken and a coramitteeappointed to con- fer with the banks at a meeting to be held August 7. H. F. Micbell, Charles Meehan and John Smith comprised the committee, and were given power to act. Alter an adjournment to the greenhouses the meeting reconvened and some ques- tions were asked Mr. La Roche, the prii.cipal one being by George Anderson, It was "Could the members of the firm EiSBS for f iii Flownrii We still have fine stocks of the two leaders, Meteor Hiiiii.CariifiTeslit. ALSO American Beauty, Bridesmaid, Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, Perle,lVlermel,Cusin,Niplietos, etc. write us for quotations stating quantities and kinds wanted. Our large handsomely illustrated catalogue mailed free on application. Silver Cup awarded us for Jleteor Roses, ex- hibited at Madi'ion Square Garden, 1S92, for best 2.5 Red Roses of any variety. F. R. Pierson Company, TARRYTOWN-ON-HUDSON, N. Y. A NICE LOT OF YOUNG ROSES, in 3 and 4-inch pots. Mermets, Brides, La France, Gontiers, Niphetos, Wootton, Waban, Brunner, Etc., Etc., 3-inch pots, f6.00 per 100. SEND U.S A TRIAL ORDER. Iia Roche & Stahl, Chestnut and 13th Sts., PHILADELPHIA. PA. 10,000 Gen. Jacqueminots. Pot Grown on their own Roots. From 5-in. Pots, 16 in. to 18 in. high, S8.00 per 100 From 4 in. Pots, VZ in. to 1.5 in. high, SH.OO per 100 ENGLISH IVIES, Pot Grown, one year old, 3 to 5 feet high, $5.00 per 100. Cash with orders. When ordering give direc- tions how to ship. JOHN RECK, Bridgeport, Connecticut. 150 Gontiers, 3i.»-ln. So per 100; -IH) l iontlera, Mn. pots W; 400 Brides, 400 .Mermets, :j-ln. « a lOU. 'AKJ Calla bulbs, 6 In around S7 iilUO. 2IK) Calla bulbs. 4tu .0 In. .iround, 15 a 100. SatiBtactlon guaranteed. Cash with order. ,J. J. LAMPERT, King St., Xenia, O. CDT_rF=? Sash Lifter^ Hinges ■will do the work and cost you less than any other. Send your name and address and we will mall you description and price. BAY STATE HARDWARE CO. 372 Freeport Street, BOSTON. MASS. payoff a dissenting creditor?" Mr. La Roche said that they had the right to pay any individual if in their judgement they could do so and still carry out their agreement with the other creditors. Af- ter partaking of a lunch the meeting ad- journed and a rush was made for the train then due. The whole affair passed off as pleasantly as possible, and a pros- pective bowling match or last day of the convention conld not have found the boys in better humor. W. S. Delaney was taken suddenly ill on the street last Friday afternoon and almost immediately expired; heart failure was the cause of his death. The deceased for quite a long time had been solicitor for the Pennsylvania Horticultural So- ciety, but about a month ago resigned on account of failing health. He also filled the position of ticket seller at the exhibitions, and Mr. Cartledge the treas- urer says that it was a pleasure to audit his accounts, in which he had never found a single mistake. There is nothing new in the way of business, the rule being that it is a long while between customers. K. FIELD GROWN CARNATIONS. Fine healthy plants for Winter Bloom. M. R. SHELMIRE, CHESTER CO.. AVONDALE, PA. Send for Circular. Please mention the American Florist every time you write to an advertiser. CARNATIONS. A SPECIALTY. Full stock of all the new and leading varieties. Rooted Cuttings, Young Plants, and Field . rown Plants in season. Get our prices before purchas- "'^' GEO. HANCOCK, GRAND HAVEN, MICH. CARNATIONS Rooted Cuttings all sold or planted out. FIELD GROWN PLANTS IN SEASON. Correspondence Solicited. C J. PENNOC»«. The Pines, Cliester Co., KENNETT SQDABK. PA. CARNATIONS THE LEADING VARIETIES. R. T. LOMBARD, W'ayland, Vtass. Field-srown; best varieties. Write for prices. Fer luo Smilax, from 2). C. (Send sketch or model for tree examination as to pulentablllty.) When writing to any of the advertisers on this page please mention the Ajvierican Florist. i8g3' The American Floris'i, 21 BEAUTY ^^, A.. and BRIDESMAID, fine 3-incli now ready for plant- ing, ss.oo per 100. Also Perlc, Meteor, Cusin, _ Wootton, Soupert, Hoste, Sunset, Mermet — and Bride, $6.00 per 100. mj^:iva^, O^eri^e Hatite, Iixcl. ROSES BRIDES, MERMETS, BON SILENE, NIPHETOS, CUSINS, WATTEVILLES AND JACQUEMINOTS. 25,000 fine plants in 3-inch pots, at a bargain. W,ll quote you pricts on application. IF WANTED SPEAK QUICK. ROSES .A., i^. f=>ie:f=?^cdi^,^ •CROIVIWELL, CONN. REDUCED PRICES! for Rose Plants, STOCK GUARANTEED TO FI.EASE. To move large slock of Perles have reduced prices as follows- 2l.:-lnch, 3-lnch PERLES Per 100 $400 $6.00 SUNSET METEOR, extra fine.. " BRIDE & MERMETS, Good as most 3-inch, " ALBANY " LA FRANCE " 4 00 5 00 4 00 4.00 7.00 8 00 7 00 7 00 7 00 Also nice lot Chrysanthemums, 4-inch S7.00 to .»13.00 per 100. BROWN & CANFIELD, SFKHTGFIELB, ILL. Fine healthy stock. Per 100 P. 1000 Perles, Mermets, The Bride. Sunset, Papa Gontler, Niphetos, Boa sllene. La France, Souv. d'un Ami. Ducliess of Albany. Mad. Cusin. Mad. de Walleville. from li-in. pots, $8.00 $75.00 SMIL.AX, from ^l^-lncti pots 2.50 20.00 Lots of other Fine Stock. Send for new list. WOOD BROTHERS, i The Grand New Forcing Rose, Prices and full particulars oq application. j John Burton, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia \ LA FRANCE, BRIDES, MERMETS, strong, .'i-loch pots, at ST. 00 per 100. LA FRANCE and AI.HANY, from 3-lnoll pots at W.OO per 100. The above Is ixooA, clean stock, ready for planting. West Forest I*ark, ■x- :E:iSE><=>rr . ST. i.ouis, mo. 3,000 flne plants In 3!«.-ln. pots. Perle. Bride. Niphe- tos. I^a France. Albany. Mermets, Gontlers, etc. Will sell cheap. Write for prices to MRS. GEO. B. FBAVELL, MABION. IHD. 150 AMERICAN BEAUTIES, flne stock, 4-lnch, 12 cts. Also LA FRANCE. iMnch. (lets. SOUV. HE WOOTTdX, O-lnch, 10 cts. GEORGIA GREENHOUSES, Atlanta, Ga. SURPLUS STOCK OF ROSES. STRUNG. ILEALTUV PLANTS. :10(I Mermets, 4-m per Itfl, IfT 00 SHJ Mermets. :i-ln ■■ .'i OO 3UU Brides. 3-in ■• 6 00 Graml Kapids, - - Michigan. ROSES. ROSES. STRONG FIELD GROWN PLANTS; VARIETIES SUITABLE FOR FLORISTS' USE. LARGELY GEN. JACQUEMINOT, MRS. J. H. LAING, ULRICH BRUN- NER, MAGNA CHARTA, Pr. CAMILLE DE ROHAN, PAUL NEYRON, MARSHALL P. WILDER, ANNA DE DIESBACH, ALFRED COLOMB, ETC., ETC. A FULL ASSORTMENT OF MOSS AND HARDY CLIMBERS. A splendid stock, fine smooth bodies, strong two year heads. TREE ROSES. Our usual complete assortment of Trees, Shrubs, Bulbs, Plants, Etc. CORRESPONDENCE AND INSPECTION INVITED.H THE STORRS k HARRISON GO., PAINESVILLE, OHIO. 10,000 FIRST QUALITY FORGING ROSES Fully equal to those sold last j'ear, and perfectly healthy in every respect. LA FKANCK, 3-lnch pots, JU.OO per hundred; 4-lnch pots, »12.00 per hundred. MERMET, BON SILENE, MME. HOSTE, I'ERLE DES .JARDINS, .SAFRANO, MME. CUSIN, 3-lnch pots, $7.00 per 100; 4-lnch pots, $10.00 per 100. SAAl.T^A.J'S., Strong plants, 2;<-inch pots, $2.50 per hundred; $20.00 per thousand. J. i^. r>ii:,i:30.oo per 1000 HYBRIDS 40.00 per 1000 Healthy plants, in 2-inch pots. Also healthy plants of the Newest Chrysanthe- mums, and general greenhouse stock. Trade list on application. XjOTJISVIXjLE, ic-s". WRITE FOR PRICES. IC^Knt>l^ Floral Co., OSKAI.OOSA, IOWA. 22 The American Florist, Aug. lO^ Chicago. The flower trade is very quiet now, and most of the retailers complain of general dullness. It is hard to quote prices with any exactness, since they fluctuate from day to day, but there is little change since last week. Some few excellent roses are to be seen but the prevailing quality is indifferent. Some good Beauties are seen, also Perles, but most roses are small, even where the color is fair. Carnations are the only flowers now scarce, and they are poor too. Asters are quite plentiful; the most salable colors are white and pink, the darker tints are not liked. Sweet peas are falling off, and many are evidently coming to the end of the crop. There is some sale for the white ones, which are used in funeral work during the scarcity- of carnations. Gladiolus and auratum are both plentiful, but there is little longiflorum or valley. Dahlias con- tinue to come in, and the bulk of the material is from outside. At a meeting of the Executive Commit- tee of the Horticultural Society held last Saturday afternoon a committee was ap- pointed to arrange for a banquet to the distinguished visitors who will be in the city during the Horticultural Congress. The event will probably take place atone of the well known clubs of which Presi- dent Chadwick is a member. Visited Chicago: W. G. Berterman, Indianapolis, Ind.; Lendel V. Hallock, Queens, N. Y.;\Vm. Plumb, West Atlanta, Ga.; E. Hippard, Youngstown, Ohio; L. W. Lozier, Des Moines, Iowa; Jas. Eadie and Miss J. Eadie, Cleveland, O.; A. H. Graham, Cleveland, 0.; H. A. Hart, Cleveland, O,; Chas. Koeppen, Sedalia, Mo.; Mr. Knott, of Franklin Park Floral Co., Columbus, O.; Frank W. Sherman, Traverse City, Mich ; Thos. Giberson, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; Willie Bruce, Hamil- ton, Ont.; I. N. Kramer, Marion, Iowa; Mrs. Paul Brooks, Lawrence, Kan.; Wm. Clark, Colorado Springs, Col.; Chas. Warncke and family, Detroit, Mich.; Mrs. W. Hughes and daughter, Hillsdale, Mich.; Fred Foster, Milwaukee, Wis.; Messrs. Hogg & Son, Detroit, Mich.; G. M. Bird, Sidney, O.; M. P. Dilger, Waukegan, 111.; Chas. Rauss, Detroit, Mich.; A. F. Breitmeyer, Detroit, Mich.; J. M. Gasser, Cleveland, O.; J. G. Esler, Saddle River, N. J. The Chicago party for the St. Louis convention numbered 35 including visit- ors from other points, among which were Geo. Nicholson, Curator of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England; Prof Dr. L. Wittmack, Berlin, Germany, Rob't. Craig, Philadelphia; W. H. Elliott, Brighton, Mass,; D. B. Long, Buffalo; E. H. Krelage, Haarlem, Holland; J. G. Esler, Saddle River, N. J.; J. M. Gasser, Cleveland, O.; A. Wiegand, Indianapolis; A. R. Congdon, Oberltn, O.; E. Wachen- dorfi", Atlanta, Ga.; Chas. Dannacher, wife and daughter, Davenport, la.; J. Deake and wife, Asheville, N. C; A.J. Wagner. Fort Wayne, Ind. Uncle John Thorpe was in the party and with the assistance of Mr. Craig and the "only" Walter Kreitling, kept things from stagnating on the trip. TO STOTT GARDEN IMP'T CO., Ja(i Liberty Street, New York. Dear Sirs.— We have beeu using your Distrib- uter and Killmright for six months and consider it a good thing. It is the best thing ever got out. For roses it is particularly ^ood. It cures a rose plant of black spot and mildew and keeps them in a healthy and growing condition. We never use tobacco smoke now. It will certainly idti- mately kill the mealy bug. We will keep it right along and want nothing else. Signed BOLANZ BROS.. Akron, O. See Special Utter Angr. 3 and 17. THE BEST ARE THE CHEAPEST. SIZE is a strong point in Pansies; when you combine size, color, substance and form they are pretty near right. By careful hybridization and selection 1 have accomplished this, and the Pansies I send out this Fall will be an agreeable surprise, even to for- mer customers. If you buy Pansies 1 would be pleased to correspond with you; they will be offered for sale from Aug. 20th to Dec. 1st, at 75c. per 100 or iS5 per 1000. Terms cash with order or CO. D. No seed for sale. L. B. 496. ALBERT M. HERR, Lancaster, Pa. ZIRNGIEBEL'S Giant Market and Giant Fancy are without question the most popular strains in cultivation up to date. New Seed ready now, in trade packages of either strain, at one dollar each. PLANTS FOK SALE. Deuys Zirngiebel, NEEDHAM, MASS. PANSIES. During the season we shall have plants of best German strain of Pansies, at lowest prices. BRAUER & RICHTER, McCONNELSVILLE, OHIO. BEST GERMAN PANSIES. From seed bench; the best in the market. 75 cents per Jl.OO; So.OO per 1,000, either mixed or separate. Please give orders. Plants ready in September. NEW PANSY SEED now ready. Trade packages 50 cents and $1.00. JOHN P TONNER, Wholesale Grower, 45 LAKE ST., - CHICAGO. In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange. SMILAX AND ASPARAGUS TBAINEO ON GBEEN ^ii_p?:.A.i_ I IVIIE Are in the best possible condition for the market. For particulars address JOHK C. MEYER & CO., 289 DEVONSHIRE ST., BOSTON, MASS. HEADQUARTERS for WATER LILirs SEEDS, TUBERS AND PLANTS, ready for shipment at all seasons and to all parts of the world. Don't fail to inspect our Columbian Ex- hibit at the World's Fair. Illustrated Catalogue on application. WM. TRICKER. ^"KirYcRK.^ r>o THAT YOU CAN GET 20 CANE STAKES FOR I OENT A foot in length by simply using a sharp saw on a bundle of our best. BRACKENRIDGE &, CO., 304 W. IMadisou St., 15ALTIHIOKK, MD. iLsrAHiJsiii;)) IN l.^m. G. BENARD, °r''R'j.^*c^.^ ROSES and YOUNG PLANTS a .specialty. Large stock of fine transplanted Arapelopsis Veitchii, at reduced prices according to quantity. Catalogue sent free to applicants. Agents for the United States. C. RAOUX. 296 Pearl St.. New York, N. Y. E. BENARD. P. 0. Box 620. San Diego. Cal. When writing to any of the advertisers on this page please mention the American Florist. Pansies Worm Ralsino. for a professional florist are those which bring the highest ^rice m the market when brought into competition with others. Ask the auctioneers in New York what they know about my stock, and if their answer is favorable to me, you know^ where to get seed or plants. SEED OF THIS YEAR'S CROP, $1.00 per package of about liOOO grains; S_».00 per ounce. PLANTS FROM SEED BED SEPT. 1: Ordinary size S5.00 per 1000; large size $10.00 per 1000. Large orders, fair discount. Ordinary size by mail $1.00 per 100. CASH WITH ORDER. No trash shipped, and all plants well packed. CHRISTIAN SOLTAU, 199 Grant Avenue. JERSEY CITY. N. J. The seed may also be obtained of JAMES M. THORBURN & CO., 15 John St., N. Y. PANSY D. PANSY The Jennings strain of large flowering and Fancy Pansies. new crop now ready. 8 pounds of seed and over S'lO.OlXJ plants were sold last season. This strain la popular, and why? Because Florists can depend on getting only First Class Stoclt. 1 shall sell no other. My aim Is to supply the best Finest Mixed, all colors, trade pkt. 30U seeds 25c. ; lUliO seeds 5Uc. : 20U0 seeds $1.00; per ounce $t;.(jU. Pure White (the tlnest) trade pkt 50c. and Jl.UU: Golden Yellow, dark eye. trade pkt. 50c. and ¥1.00. Send for price list for other varieties. Pansy Plants, ready September 1 to December 25, any size wanted, cold frame size fi5c. per lUO by mail; ¥5.00 per lOUO by express: 5.0U0 ¥20. Large flowering planta ¥1.00 per 100; ¥^.00 per lUUO. Cash with order. ADDRESS E. B. JENNINGS, Wholesale Pansy Grower, Lock box 254 SOUTHPORT, CONN. ROEMER'S SUPERB PRIZE PANSIES The finest strain of Pansies In the World. Introducer and Grower of all the lead- ing Novelties. Catalogue free on application. FRED. ROE MER, SEED GROWEK, QUEDLINBURG, GERMANY. PANSIES! PANSIES! Pansies grown from extra selected seed, flowers of immense size and fine color, are cheap at 65c. per 100 and $5 per 1,000 fine plants, for sale from Sept 1 to Dec 1. Terms cash, money order office, Lancaster, Pa. ELMER J. WEAVER, Ronks, Lane. Co., Pa. Mention American Florist. PANSIES. Fresh Seed of my carefully selected strain of Pansies. Trade pkt. (lOOO seeds), 50c. Plants ready in September. ADOLF STAHL, Johnstown, Pa. EXTRA PANSY SEED. Mammoth Sunbeam Strain. A prand collection of plant flowerlnn varieties, very large, of perfect form, and choice colors; carefully selected; receive hi^h praise from my customers: laet- ter tlian ever; no finer strain otTeredunywbore. Every florist should sow of It. Trade pkt.. 500 seeds, 25 cts.; 3 pkts. iW cts. ; i; pkts. ¥1 . 00. JOUN F. KUPl*. Shiremaustown, Pa. 400 FINE STRINGS OF SMILAX. almost siven awny to make room for other stock. Order soon and net a bargain. Write for prices. MRS. GEO. R. FRAVELL, Marion, Ind. iSgs- The American Florist, 23 Siebrecht&Wadley, TLOZl BILL NURSERIES, NewRochelle, N. Y. Palms, ORCHIDS Roses, FRESH DRACAENA CANES NOW READY. The Finest Stock in the World. Thirty minutes from London. Onr Mr. A Dlmmock will be pleased to Interview bnyers or reply to any communication addressed to him at 206 Greenwich Street, New York City. Established and Imported ORCHIDS. Ig. FORSTERMAN, TO TAKE PLACE OF WIND MILLS ».4 »<»«♦»♦»♦♦»♦ HOT AIR PUMPING ENGINES A Windmill Is unreliable because it df pends upon tlie elemenl.- for i!^s power ; hydraulir rams also depend upon fav orableconditionsaud vvastt as much water as they se- cure. Steam pumps require skill and hand pumps de- mand labor and time. The DELAMATER-RiDERCR DE LAMATER-ERICSSON Hot=Air Pumping Engines are especially designed for pumping water, and from shallow streams or any kind of well. Their are simple, safe and reliable, I require no steam and have no valves. They require very little heat to operate ' them, and can be arranged I for any kind of fuel. Send/or illustrated catalogue to JTheDEUMHIER ISDN WORKS, 87 South Firth Av., ' NEW YORK, N. Y. CUTS! Wood Engraving, Zinc Etching, Half=Tone, Wax Engraving, Photo -Engraving, Designing. MANZ & GO., '"^ CHICAGO^-**' ENGRAVERS. Mention American Florist. lULES DE COCK'S NURSERIES (;HENT, KELGIUM. OFFER TO THE TRADE OF GOOD PLANTS. 10 000 Araucaria Excelsa; 100,000 Begonia Bulbs. 80.000 Azalea Indica; 20,000 Azalea Mollis. 100 000 Palms, diflereut sorts, all sizes. 10,000 Laurel Bavs, .Standards and Pyramids. THE F. T. McFADDEN COLLECTION ORCHIDS CYPRIPEDIUMS Catalogues of this well known collection may be had on application to W. A. McFADDEN, box 574, CINCINNATI, O. TUBEROUS ROOTED BEGONIA PLANTS. STRONG, YOUNG POT GROWN PLANTS. Ready to bloom. Will make fine plants for fall sales. In 4colors. Price, $12.00 per 10(1. F. R. PIERSON COMPANY, TARRYTOWN-ON-HUDSON, N Y. HOW TO CROW CUT FLOWERS- A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE CULXIVAXTON OF XHE ROSE, And Other Flowering Plants for Cut Flowers, sent to any address ipon receipt of $2.00. M. a. hunt, Xcrre Haute. Ind. STANDARD FLOWER POTS. OLD RELIABLE MAKE OF Eji:<'VBjie«sop «i :Bi\.:RK:E>i«. Write for Catalogue and Price List. PITTSBURGH CLAY MFG. CO. New Brighton, Pa. (Established 1850). Edmund Van Coppenoile NURSERYMAN, MEIRELBCKE, NEAR GHENT, BELGIUM. Great Culture of Aspidistra, Araucaria Excelsa. PER 100. Azalea Indica (20.C0O disposible), at $20, 25 and 30 PER 1000. Begonia Tuberous. Best Sorts. 200.COO yeariy, at $18 Dracaena, Ferns. Reus Elastica, Glovinia, - - $22 Hydrangea Paniculata. Laurus Nobilis (Sweet Bays), Many thousand pairs from all sizes, in Crowns and P>Tauiids, Lilium, Palms, euormous choice in all' kinds at reduced prices. Rhododendron Hybr. Spiraea Japonica. Price list on application; also to my agents. O. O. .A.^BXv ,S: CO., P. O. BOX 920, NEW YORK. Mention American Florist. CYCLAMEN GROWER, WANDSBEK -MARIENTHAL, near Hamburg, Csr :e: fL xuE yv Pff IT , (UTors < v<'r.v>n:N SKKD, STOI^DT'S hv- HKIDS. Kirwt-cIitsM u^^^Ul"|la^^s^'li Iiv all ini luwiiit; prices, liu'liniliii Hritiht ilurk red Kosu-ut MarlenthaL KiiUlieri stoldt, pure white Willie, with carmine eye.. CASH WITH CHinEUS. are acknowledged to be limittes In Europe, at tlio fol- postage: per 100 cormB, 50 cts. 50et8. 75 cts, »5 CtB. Swainsona galegifolia alba. Nice young plants in 2"4^in. pots, JJ.OO per dozen. STOCK LIMITED. EDWIN LONSDALE, WYNDMOOR. near Chestnut Hill, PHILADELPHIA Money Order OfHce Station "G " Phlla. A larpe stock of strong well grown plants from 2M- Inch pots, at S3.00 per lOO; «il8.00 per lOOU. PANSY PLANTS for fall. Choicest strains. CYCLAMENS, txith 1 and 2 year bulbs. Prices on application. CLE-IIATIS. large flowering, for fall delivery. A very large stock and assortment. Write for prices I can suit you both on plants and prices. P. A. HALLEK, Bloommgton, 111. Vaughan s SolidStccl Trowel. NEVER WEARS ^^__ OUT. Price, 50c.; by mail, 60c. VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, NEW YORK. CHICAGO, 96 Barclay Street. P. O. Box 688. Mention the American Florist when writing to advertisers on this page. 24 The American Florist. Aug. 10^ Foreign Notes. Lilium crocea-elegans is a new hybrid, the result of a cross between L. croceum, a European variety, and the Japanese L. elegans (Thunbergianum,) originated by Mr. Sprenger of Naples. It is robust in growth, the stem reaching a height of two feet or over. The inflorescence con- sists of six or eight flowers in a loose corymb, the flowers bright scarlet, with many small black dots. It is very orna- mental. Adiantum venustum is a handsome cool-house fern, which should be useful for cutting, as the fronds are harder than most of the maidenhairs. The fronds are about a foot long, with finely toothed pinnules. Epidendrum Wendlandianum is a new orchid from Mexico; the flowers are pro- duced two or three on a stalk, the petals and sepals light green, the lip snowy white, with dark purple lines on the side lobes; the column is also purple. The diameter of the flower is nearly two inches. It blooms in midsummer, and thrives in a cool house. 'two new caladiums, recently intro- duced from Brazil are C. venosum and C. rubescens. C. venosum has petioles eight to ten inches long, light green, densely covered with dots and lines of black. The leaves are seven to ten inches long, three to four inches wide, dark green, the course of the nerves variegated with light yellowish green, the margin nar- rowly edged with red. C. rubescens has petioles five or six inches long, blackish, leaf five to six inches long and two inches broad, with wavy margins. Upper sur- face crimson, with green border. These caladiums, while quite distinct in charac- ter from any others in cultivation, are regarded as being nearly related to C. Schomburgkii. EVANS' IMPROVED CHALLENGE VENTILATING APPARATUS Write for Illustrated CatnlOKue. QUAKER CITY MACHINE WORKS. Richmond, Ind. ' FLORISTS' HOSE, ' f Made bv K. W. Hult. member of tlie So- f ^ biety of American KloiiMts. ^ , Goodyear Rubber Store 2 W. 14TH ST. NEW YORK. J STANDARD FI.OWCR POTS. Mr'^KSG XerlOO J -A.X 2M-\i\cU, :i..tO .H-lncli, 6.U0 2^-lncli. 4.(JU iHncli. ',.M ■A -iDCh. " .5.110 lU-incli. 10. UO 'A^\nch, ** 7.25 ll-liich, l.'i.OO 4 -Inch, •• ll.OU 12-lnch. 20.00 T) -inch, in.ai 1-t-lnch, 4U.00 «; -incli. 22.00 I'rincli. 75.00 TomiB cash. f. o li. Address HILFINGER BROS. POTTERY. Fort Edward. N. Y. IMPROVED GLAZIJMG. Zinc .Joints for buttlriK glass* without laps. No leaknKe- No sliding uf glass. Practically air tight. Keeps out cold winds, thereby saving fuel. No laj)8, naves enough glass to pay for thy zIuch. No breakage of glass on account of frost or Ice. Some of the larg- est growers In the country are using "<^ia88er*8 J'ateiit Zinc .lolnts*' with entire satisfaction. Write for sample and price list. J. M. GASSER. FLORIST, 101 Kucrlid Ave.. CLKVKLANl), <>. 15!» & HJl South rifth Ave., New Vork. NATURAL GAS MADE GLASS. for lt<»He llixiHes. CouHervjit. J. A. Siuimers, Toronto, Ont. Agent for Canada. E. H. Hunt, 79 Lake St., Chicagro, 111. Wisconsin Flower Exchange, 131 Mason St., Milwaukee, Wis. H. Sunderbruch, 4th and Walnut Sts., Cin- cinnati. O. T. W^. Wood & Sons, 6th and Marshall Sts. Kichmond. Va. Jag. Vick's Sons, Rochester, N, Y. C. A. Kuehn. 1122 Pine St., St. Louis. Mo, D. W. Lone:, liuflalo, Xe\r York. C F. Huntington & Co , Indianapolis, Ind. nil the Wholesalers in Boston. BOSTON FLORIST LETTER GO. MaBttlactnre THE BEST LETTERS IN THE MARKET. Sizes !>>;. In and 2-in. 2.00 per 100. Patent fastener with eacli letter. OUR NEW SCRIPT LETTER, $4.00 per 100. N. r. McCarthy, I Address 13 Green St., Treas. & Mangr. | Boston, Mass. Address all correspondence to 1 Music Hall Place. We have a new FASTENER which we consider a decided success. Any customers havlnR old style fasteners which they wish to exchaDge. can do so without additional cost by writinf; us. These Letters are handled by J. N. Struck & Bro. Manufacturers of • CYPRESS • dreenlionse Material, LOUISVILLE, KY. Mention American Florist. STANDARD HOSE MENDER. The only Mender using ordi- nary galvanized wire No. 14, in- stead of expensive bands. Any person can handle it with per- fect ease. Thousands in use and all testify to its Wonder- ful Merits. Sample Box, by Mail, 50 cts. E. HIPFARD, Youngslown, Ohio. You will benefit the American Flo- rist by mentioning it every time you write an advertiser in thssa columns. 26 The American Florist. Attg. 10. Baltimore. The weather is too warm for exertion, and yet the scribe has just exerted him- self, and consequently has to still further exert himself to keep cool; i. e., to prevent his temper from rising and all on account of a piece of advice he took, or tried to take. The advice was about as follows; "When you tie up your new beds of smi- lax and asparagus, don't use the com- mon white string. Use shoemaker's dark green thread; it is strong and invisible. You can buy it at any shoemakers supply store." What could be more to the point, better expressed or more timely and practi- cal? At least so he thought, and as he had both old and new beds requiring string, he blithely ordered his driver to purchase a lot, and pictured himself draping chan- deliers, mirrors, etc., with no vexatious delays incident to removing thick, and possibly knotted string. Alas! the driver reported that he couldn't get it. Then despite the heat, the "boss" himself started out on a quest for dark green shoemaker's thread, which speedily came down to a quest for grass green, apple, pea, Nile or any other grer n, and not only run through shoemaker a supply stores but harness and notion stores as well, with the result that this evening he is willing to bet that such a thing as green shoemaker's thread is not to be had in all this great city, and he has very serious doubts — but, there, it is too warm to carry the theme any further; suffice it to say it will be a cold day when he goes hunting green shoemaker's thread again. Flowers continue to sell in a deliberate, and leisurely sort of a way. No doubt much that is purchased by the retail stores goes to waste, but appearances must be kept up, or nothing will be done at all, and the stores that keep up the best appearance seem to do the best these dull times. Whether the show is the cause or effect of the sales who can say? Prices remain about as before, with choice white and yellow buds in good de- mand; in fact good white flowers of all kinds are pretty sure sale. Mrs. Mary Johnson, nee Patterson, has just returned from a trip to Atlantic City. The members of the club who are going to the convention will go via Philadel- phia, as the rates seem more favorable, and the genial company which they will have from there on will enliven the journey. Mack. SUCCESSFUL GROWERS USE THE BEST VENTILATING APPLIANCES. The Champion Ventilating Apparatus cannot be equaled in point of CHEAPNESS. DURABILITY OR EFFICIENCY. ffyCIrcular Is yours for the asking. Address AMERICAN KOAIJ .nACIIINK CO., . . . . Kennett Scjuare. Vvi. Mention American Florist. GREEN-HOUSE HEATING, MYERS & CO. 1518 & 1520 S. 9th St., PHILADELPHIA. SendforcataloKueand price list. ^ . JOHN A. SCOLLAY. 74 & 76 MYRTLE AVE., GREENHOUSE HEATING Ventilating Apparatus. Patentee and manufacturer of HOT WATER BOILERS, GREENHOUSE PIPE, PIPE FITTINGS, VALVES, TANKS, ETC. ^r- Batiinateg of cost given, and Illustrated Cat- alog:ae furnished on application. 'God helps those who help themselves." And he who uses THE .^^^ DEPARTURE" (MEAT SAW) VENTILATING APPLIANCE helps himself and those who help him in his labors, and is there- fore doubly blessed. Send for price and description. J. D. CARMODY, EvansvHIe, Ind. Or call and see the man and macliiueat his greenhouse oHice, located on the lawn west front of Horticultural Buildrng*. World's Fair grounds, Chicago, III. H. M. HOOKER COMPANY, 57 and 59 W. Randolpli Street, CHICAGO, NATURAL GAS MADE GLASS FOR gree:nhouses. Write for latest prJces.- rRLNufi GLnSS conservatories, ro°se houses, Etc. Etc. -VAlMHOierVEJ, GIeIFI^B?fff «te CO., Importers of PLATE and WINDOW GLASS. Manufacturers of BENT GLASS and FKENCH MIKKOKS. 131-133-135-137 FRANKLIN STREET, KIB'W '70ISIC Note— Imported Glass is used In the best grade of Greenhouse bulldlnj;. GLASS which is absolutely perfect tcr modern greenhouse construction. ROCK BOTTOM PRICES. SEBd for Estimate, Satisfaction Gnaranteeil REED GLA88 CO. 65 WABBEN BTBEET and 46, 48, &: 50 CGI. LEGE PLACE, NEW YORK CITY. THE GREAT ANTIPEST. For particulars, see next weelc. R. W. CARMAN, Gen-l Agt.. 291 Amity Street, FLUSHING, Queens Co., N. Y. KROESCHELL BROS. Greenhouse ^ Boiler, 41 to BB Eris St., CHICAQO. Boilers made ot tbe best of materlAl, Bbell, flraboz ibeetB and heads of steel, water space all aroand front, Bides and back). Write for Information. i893. The American Florist. o 27 CHAS B WEATH BURNS. Stct HoRTjC^;a?/lRCH^6'B(Jli^=^ /vicro/frljrA'^'' Hot Water Eyssi/sEEFi^. J96 TO 240 Orieqt Ave. Jef3(>y City./if.J. NEW YORK. 1^ i L-HH^AUO OFFICE: 618-620 IManhattan Bldg. -fs^^ HART & GROUSE, UTICA, N. Y. FLORAL DESIGNS The Cut Flower Worker's Friend. Fine book of UiO pages. Send 83.60 for it, to J. HORACE McFARLAND, Harrisburg, Pa. Mention the American Florist when writing to advertisers on this page. The marked superiority of the Gurney Heaters which is mani- fested in all severe trials, is now a matter of history. There is no question about their being the best. For reasons, see our book " How Best te Heat Our Homes.'' It is free. Hot Water Heaters and Radiators) Gurney Hot Water Heater Co FOR HEATING Dwellings, Public Buildings, Etc. BY HOT WATER CIRCULATION. IIF,Ar> OFFICK: 163 Franklin St., Boston, Mass. ltKA.N(^H OFFICE: 59 Wnbash Are., Chicngo, III. SELLING AGENCIES: Johnson & Co.. 71 John St., New York. J. C. F Trat-hsfl. 24t) Arch St, Philrnli'li.hiit DOUBLE CROWN. ESTABLISHED 18 66. 11 N. 335 EAST 21 Ffl MANUFACTURED BV 5te;ffeks '^ ST. NEW YORK. ESTABLISHED 1854. Devine's Boiler Works. THE FLAT TOP TYPE Wrought Iron Hot Water Boilers h^ 0)0) ^ ie\ r\ Capacity from 350 to 10,000 leet of lour-inch pipe. Sbnd for New List. FRANK DAN BLISH, Att'y, OFFICE. 189 STATE STREET. WORKS. 56th & WALLACE STREETS. OHIOA.OO. Mention American Florist. HAIL LOCK THE DOOR BEFORE THE HORSE IS STOLEN. DO IT NOW. JOHR G. ESLER, Seo'y F. B. A., Saddle River, H. '. 28 The American Florist, Aug. 10. Index to Advertisers. AbclCC &C0 23 Adv. Rates, etc IIJ American Boiler Co ...28 American Koad Macli Co 2(1 BallerF A 23 Barnard W W & C-D IS BassetOP 21 Bay State Hdw Co 20 ■-—■"- .W Bayersdorfer H & Co BennrdG a- BergerHH&Co 18 BockWmA 20 Bonsall Job E & Son 17 Boston Letter Co 25 Brackenrldge & Co 22 Brauer & Rlcht«r 22 Brown \- Canfleld 21 Bums & Raynor 17 Burrow JG lU 18 Burton John 21 Carman R W 2(1 Carmody J D 2t> ChandleeGeoF 20 CorbreyTJ 17 Cox Seed & Plant Co.. . .18 Crabb & Hunter 21 De Cook Jules 23 De Lamater Iron Wks. .23 De Mulder ThD Ifl Denver City Nurseries.. 20 Devlnes Boiler VVks.... 27 DlUonJI. 21 DreerH A 19 BUlottWH 1(1 BUlBOnWm 17 Fairbanks. Morse & Co. 25 Felhelm Lyman 25 Fisher David 19 Forstermann 1 23 Fravell Mrs Geo R. . . 21 22 Gasser JM 24 Geor^a Greenhouses. . .21 Gonzalez A- Co 18 Goodyear Rubber Store 24 Guelfs Seed Store 19 Gumey Heater Co 27 Hall Ass'n 27 Hammond Benj 19 Hancock Geo 20 Hart James 17 Hart Michael A 17 Hart &Crouse 27 Hartford HE 16 Helte Floral Co 19 Henlon& Hubbell 19 Herendeen Mfg Co 28 HerrAlbertM 22 Hews AH&Co 24 Hllflnger Bros 24 HlUEG&Co 19 Hlnman Geo 21 Hlppard E "^o HItchlngs&Co 28 HookerHM Co 26 Horan Edw C 17 Huleebosch Bros 18 HuntBH 17 HuntM A 21 23 Hunter &Purdy 17 JennlngsBB 22 Kaufmann Ernst & Co. .19 Kemble Floral Co 21 Kennlcott Bros. 17 KnappOB 18 Koch Ludwig 19 KoflmanE. 16 E^oeschell Bros 26 Kuehn C A IT KuykK J 19 Lamport J J 20 La Roche & Stahl. . . .16 20 LehnlK & Wlnnefeld. . . .19 LewlsRJ 15 Lockland Lumber Co — 24 LombardRT 20 LongDanl B ..17 Lonsdale Edwin 16 23 Lord & Bumham Co 28 McCarthy N F&Co 17 McFadden W A 23 McB'arland JH 27 McFarland J H Co 16 MacBean AS 21 Manz J &Co 23 Marachuetz & Co 19 Martensl 18 Meyer John C& Co. ...22 Michel Plant & Bulb Co 18 MlUangBros 17 Miller Geo W 21 MoflattG J 18 Monlnger Jno C 28 Mvers&Co ...26 Nlles Centre Floral Co. .17 Oil City Greenhouses. ...15 OlaonM 17 Ouwerkerk P 19 Peck & Sutherland 17 Pennock C J 20 Pennock Sam'l S 16 Pierson A N 21 Plerson F BCO....10 20 23 Pittsburg Clay Mfg Co. .23 PrlnceA G&Co 17 Quaker City Mach Co.. .24 Randall A L 17 Ranux C 22 Reck John 20 Reed Glass Co 26 Renters J 19 Roberts i)H 24 RoehrsT. eo 17 Roemer Fred 22 Bolker A & Sons 19 Rupp John F 22 Russell S J 19 Sander i Co 15 23 Schulz Jacob 21 Scollay John A 26 Shelmire WR 20 ShertdanWF 17 Sherwood Hall NurCo. .19 Slebrecht & Wadley 23 Slpfle, Doptrel & Co 24 Situations, wants 15 Smith Nathan & Son. . . .19 SoltauChr 22 Stahl Adolph 22 SteflensN 27 StoldtC 23 Storrs & Harrison Co. . .21 Stott Garden Imp Co... .22 Struck JN&Bro 25 Sunderbruch H L 17 Tesson R F 21 Tunner Jolin P 22 Trtcker Wm 22 Van Coppenolle Ed 23 Van Home Grtflen & Co 26 Vaughan JC 18 23 WalkerF&Co 19 Weathered's Sons T W . .27 Weaver Elmer J *22 Weeber&Don 15 Welch Bros 17 Whllldin Pot Co .... ...24 WlghtW P 25 WllksSMfgCo 27 WlnterN D 15 Wisconsin Flower Ex. . .18 Wolf E B 25 Wolff L Mfg Co 24 Wood Bros 21 Young Bros 16 ZirnglebelD 22 Please write on your printed letter head when addressing our advertisers. If you have no printed letter head, then enclose your business card or bill head. n H Y O P T R CLEAR B E E S S G R E 1' r — •• rt A /A N H XsASh/ n O \ / « U K ) ( y L s ^y ^-/ A E IVI BARS T 1 A T / N G E R 1 A L JOHN C. MONINGER, a 297 Hawthorne Ave., S CHICAGO. ILL. H Mention American Florist. GREENHOUSE HEATING § VENTILATING Architecture and Building. W^ HITGHINGS & GO. Horticultural Architecture and Building. Establislied 1844. 233 Mercer St., New York. FIVE PATTERNS OF BOILERS. NtNTEEN SIZES. Perfect Sash Raising Apparatus. Rosehouses, Greenhouses, Etc., of Iron Frame Construction, Erected complete, or the Structural Iron Work shipped ready for erection. /ron Frame Benches with the "Perfect Drainage Bench Tile " or Slate Top. SEND « OBNTS POSTAGE FOR II.I,USTBATEI> CATALOOITE, LORD & BURNHAM CO. Horticultural Architects and Builders, STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATING ENGINEERS. Ifg^ Plans and estimates furnished on application Front view of a i)ortion of our exliibit at the "W"orld*8 Fair. - . . SEND FOUR CENTS POSTAGE FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. , . . LORD & BURNHAM CO., Imnglon-on-HuJson, N. Y. STEAM • AND • HOT • WATER • HEATERS GREENHOUSE HEATING -^ •M- ^men'can ^oiYer Company. BOSTON, NEW YORK, CHICAGO, DENVER, SAN FRANCISCO. 195 Ft. Hill Square. 94 Center St. 34-36 Dearborn St. Mining Exchange BIdg. 80 Crocker BIdg. FURMAN BOILERS Economical -Substantial - Safe^ 56 STYLES AND SIZES-BURNS HARD OR SOFT COAL. Modern Hot-Water Heating Those Boilnrs have a high reputation for Ptfinnchnoea. Dnrability and .Saft'ty, and are GREAT COAL SAVERS. Minimum Friction and MaximnmVilocityorilyobtaincdbyVERTICAL WATER CIRCULATION. Send for nt-w ISO-page book giving fnll particulars and a great deal of valuable information on modern Heating and Ventilation, ^with plana and tables for correct hot-water work. Mailed free. AddreBs HERENDEEN MFQ. CO., 26 Vine Street, GENEVA, N.Y. F^miE; wmrnm RmETicd is "the Prcw of the UessbI; therB may be mars cnmfnrt Rmidsbips, but wb ara the £rst ta touch Unknown Eoas,' Vol IX CHICAGO AND MEW YORK. AUGUST 17, 1893. No. 272 ^ME iMmmmim IFil@@i!@i Copyright 1893. by American Florist Company. Entered as Second-Class Mail Matter. Published every Thursday by THE AMERICAN FLORIST COMPANY. 322 Dearborn Street, Chicago. Subscription, 31.00 a year. To Europe, S2.00. Address all communications to AMERICAN FLORIST COMPANY. p. O. Drawer 164, CHICAGO. Eastern Office: 67 Bromfleld .St., liostou. SOCIETY OF AMERICAN FLORIST. WM. R. Smith, Washington. D. C. president: Prop. Wm. TRELEA8E, St. Louls. Mo., vice-presldent: Wm. J. Stewart. 67 Bromfleld St.. Boston, Mass. secretary; M. A. HUNT. Terre Haute. Ind.. treasurer. COyTENT.'i Convention notes 20 Co-operation between grower and retailer ... 30 Group photo of S. A. F. at St. Louis (illus) . . . 31 Horticultural exhibitions 31 How to increase the love of flowers 32,33 The dark side . 34 Exhibitors at St. Louis and awards 34 The bowling- contest 34 The St. Louis bowling cup (illus) 3.5 The World's Fair 35 The horticultural congress 36 The future of floriculture 36 Miscellaneous seasonable hints 37 Carnations— Seasonable hints 38 The seed trade convention , . 38 Pedigree or grade races in horticulture 3.S W. Atlee Burpee (portrait) 39 Japanese floral arrangements (illus) 41 Philadelphia 41 Er^ngium amethystinum . 42 Injury to plants by trespassing dog 44 Denver ' 46 St. Louis 48 Chicago .50 Toronto 52 Baltimore 54 S. A. F. Officers Elected. Officers for 1894 were elected as fol- lows: President, J. T. Anthony, Chicago; Vice-President, Robert Kift, Philadelphia; Secretary, Wm. J. Stewart, Boston; Treasurer, M. A. Hunt, Terre Haute, Ind. Atlantic City, N. J., was selected as the place for holding the next convention. The FIRST VOLUME of the Florist con- tained 438 pages; the last volume con- tained about 1,400 pages, a gain of nearly 1,000 pages. Do you know of any book containing 1,400 pages that you can buy for $1.00? We shall print in next issue Mr. Craig's essay on the past and present of floriculture, in addition to other essays read at the horticultural congress. We shall also give a full report of the recep- tion and banquet tendered to distin- guished visitors by the Horticultural Society of Chicago, at the Union League Club, August 18. Convention Notes. The number attending the convention at St. Louis was the smallest for several years. The evening sessions were rather slimly attended and the small number ot ladies present was frequently commented upon. But, on the whole, the meeting was a successful one, and the report, when completed, will read well. The new ar- rangement of the program to accommo- date the auxiliary societies and give them an opportunity to present their plans before the larger society was not much of a success, and with the exception of the two splendid essays delivered on behalf of the Carnation and Chrysanthe- mum Societies little work was done by any of these organizations. The election of president was the oc- casion of quite a discussion, which re- sulted in the postponement of the final election until Friday evening, when J. T. Anthony was elected president and M. A. Hunt treasurer, Robt. Kift having been elected vice president andWm. J. Stewart secretary at the morning session. An invitation having been extended to the visitors to visit the establishment of the Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association a large number availed themselves of the privilege on Friday afternoon, and while there were lavishly entertained. The Question Box was an interesting feature of the meeting on Friday evening. To the question, "In heating with hot water under pressure, what size of pipes and how many are required to heat a house 20x200 to 60° when outside tem- perature goes as low as 28° below zero?" Ernst .\smus replied as follows: "The question is rather indefinite, as it does not state what kind of a house, whether a lean-to, even-span, or three- quarter span, or whether it has glass on sides and ends, nor does it say how much pressure is wanted, all of which makes a material difference when figuring to pipe a house satisfactorily. Taking for granted that the questioner theant a three-quarter span house with glass on roof, front and one end, I would use twelve rows of two- inch pipe under a pressure offifteen pounds, and I will guarantee to keep 60° or more with a suitable boiler and a good fire of good Lehigh coal, if the outside tempera- ture goes as low as 30° below zero. I have houses of the above description of nineteen feet width, in which I use only nine rows of pipe, and I have never seen the time when I could not keep it up to 60° under the coldest weather in this latitude, which was 14° below zero last winter." After the reading and acceptance of the report of the committeeon nomenclature, the following resolution was unanimous- ly adopted: Resolved, In view of the recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee, that a committee of three be appointed by the chair, the secretaries of the Chrysanthemum, Carnation and Rose Socie- ties also to act as members, to prepare a list of decorative plants handled by the American trade, for consideration and adoption as the official list of this Society; said committee to act under the following general instructions; 1. Natural species and varieties shall bear the Latin names assigned to them in Nicholson's Dictionary, so far as they are named, except that where diferences exi«t between the Dictionary and the Kew Index, now in course of publication, the name adopted by the latter shall be chosen. Species first publish(d or reinstated subsequent to the date of the latter (1885) shall be treated in ac- cordance with botanical custom, especially that ot the Kew Gardens. In all cases in which the ap- plication of this rule shall cause the displacement of a commonly used and well known name, the latter shall be added as a synonym. 2. Florists' varieties, races and forms shall be named in accordance with the recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee this day sub- mitted: but the greatest conser\'atism is coun- seled in all changes which are likely to cause con- fusion or detriment to legitimate business inter- ests. A very pleasant feature of Friday even- ing's session was the presentation of a handsome waterpitcher, tray and goblets to ex-President Jordan, and a gold watch and chain to President Smith, speeches appropriate to the occasion being made in the first case by Robert Kift, and in the latter by E. H. Michel; both the re- cipients being taken completely by sur- prise. Mr. Jordan replied in a few words expressing his deep appreciation of the kindly feelings manifested toward him, which he claimed he had dope nothing to merit, and thanked the donors over and over again. President Smith responded in tones tremulous with emotion. Hesaid: "Mr. Michel, ladies and gentleman, the trying position in which you have placed me almost prevents me from saying any- thing. Did I utter the feelings of my heart you would be agitated as much as I am, but I have not the voice to do so. There is nothing that I will cherish through life like the present you have given me. There are no words at my command to express to you the depth and sincerity of the grateful feelings which overwhelm me at this moment. I can onlj- thank you from the bottom of my heart and assure you that I will treasure this occasion as a lasting and delightful memor3' forever. Permit me to say that one of the grandest and best agencies for elevating our profession is the one to which I am indebted for whatever distinction has been accorded me in my profession. I allude to the educational establishment of which our distinguished guest, Mr. Nicholson, the Curator of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, is the representative. It would have pleased me much if that gentlemen could have been present this evening to see how the young men of America have honored one whose early training was received in that establishment. I wish to say further that it has been to me a gratifi- cation and delight to meet you all here, and my visit to St. Louis will be remem- bered among my red letterdays on earth. I have seen on all sides Ihegenial faces and 30 The American Florist. Atig. 17, the outstretched hands of kind friends; and in our mutual enjoyment and delight we have had a foretaste of that higher sphere of happiness which we all expect to reach in the great hereafter." On Saturday afternoon about one hundred of the members visited the country residence of Mr. D. S. Brown by special train which Mr. Brown had kindly provided, and spent a very pleasant hour inspecting the grand collection of decora- tive plants, orchids, etc., to be seen there. On Saturday evening the final attraction of the convention, the illumination of the streets of St. Louis, by the Autumnal Festivities Association. This feature was a great surprise, far surpassing the ex- pectation of all, and it was remarked by many that this alone was well worth the trip to St. Louis. The committee on final Resolutions thanked the florists and citizens of St. Louis for their cordial hospitality, Mayor Walbridge for his hearty words of welcome, Prof. Trelease and the trustees of the Botanical Garden for their enter- tainment at the garden, the St. Louis Florists' Club for its kind assistance in the work of the convention, for the carriage ride, and many other hospitalities, the Pastime Athletic Club for the use of its bowling alleys and other privileges, the Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association and Mr.D. S. Brown for their kind attentions, and expressed on behalf of the society their sense of obligation to Messrs. Nichol- son, Wittmack, Lemoine, and others, for honoring the society with their presence. Friday evening Prof. Wm. Trelease in- vited a few friends to dine with him at his residence in the Missouri Botanical Garden. The party included Messrs. Geo. Nicholson, Robt. Craig, Wm. R. Smith, W. A. Manda, Fred Kanst, John Thorpe, J. C. Vaughan, M. Lemoine, E. H. Kre- lage, E. G. Hill, A. T. De la Mare and G. L. Grant. The affair was strictly in- formal, the dinner was excellent, and all present enjoj'ed themselves heartily. " I Want to Know?" ? New York. ■ ? Certainly they celebrated. Yes, it was a scrub team. Yes, they did it without the "big fellows." ■> Oh, no, Philadelphia did not want to win this year. "This makes it more in- teresting, you know." Why, yes, the New Yorkers were some- what hungry when thev reached St. Louis. ? Of coursel The Philadelphians did crow considerable because they didn't miss their supper. ■> Yes, they would have given up their suppers for a week if by so doing they could have captured the St. Louis cup. No, not one of the Buffalonians got out in the morning to see the New York and Boston delegation as they passed through. ■} Yes, Phil Breitmeyer was on hand at Detroit with a hearty hand-shake and welcome. ? It was E. G. Hill who said that we jnight as well shut up shop as to try to run a flower show without the help of the newspapers. Yes, the address of welcome by the Mayor of St. Louis was one of the best speeches ever listened to by the society. True, alas, too true, it was Geo. Watson who defended the catalogue men, exag- gerated illustrations and all. Well, yes, the New Jersey men think that Philadelphia did commit piracy in appropriating Atlantic City. No, the captain of the scrub team did not find any twin mosquitos. Y'e-, John Thorpe's dog learns a new trick every day. Sure ? The Anheuser-Busch trip. Yes, plenty. Benefits of a Closer Co-operation between Growers and Retailers as Regards Regulating Prices. BY KOBEni KIFT. PHILAUELPHIA. [Rrad be/ore the St. Louis convention of the Soci- ety of American Fh>-ists.} There is no system so perfect that it is not open to improvement, and the loud complaints that are constantly heard show that growers and dealers are much dissatisfied with the present methods of marketing cut flowers. It is a very slow season indeed that does not hatch out one or more schemes having for their object a more perfect system in handling flowers and regulating prices. Perhaps it would be well to take a gen- eral view of the situation. One retail dealer will buy the great bulk of his stock directly from the grower, making in some cases contracts for the entire crop. He will be heard to declare that this is the most satisfactory way of doing business, and he wonders how anybody can be so foolish as to pay outside prices to a com- mission man, when he can get flowers so much cheaper by dealing directly with the grower. A season or two passes by, and the same dealer is found to be a regular cus- tomer of the commission man, and now firmly believes that this is the system by which all flowers should be handled in a wholesale way. He will say. "You see, when I contracted with Brown his flow- ers were the best in the market, and he sent in just about as many I could use, but after a while the stock commenced to pile up on me so that I couldn't possibly use it all and the bills were something frightful. In cold weather, when flowers were scarce, I didn't get enough and had to go outside and pay high prices. Fi- nally my experience was that when flow- ers were most in demand I did not get enough, and when the dull season set in I had more than I knew what to do with. This is the reason I made the change." On the other hand a certain grower ships all his products to be sold on com- mission; he says it is the only way. He has tried the retail dealer, but has no use for him. It was all right at first, when flowers brought a good price and he could sell them anywhere; in fact men came to the place after them. Then everything was lovely, but after the crops were in full swing and flowers began to get plentiful he would get all sorts of complaints from the dealer and finally have the crop thrown on his hands when there was little or no market for it. Another grower we find with his gun loaded for the commission man; he says he is a rascal, a cheat and a fraud. As long as flowers were scarce he got a fair price, but after they became plentiful his returns were hardly sufficient to pay the expenses of shipping. He had known of certain consignments of his being entirely sold almost as soon as they were offered for sale, but finding no evidence of this among the returns he was told, after de- manding an explanation, he had to divide up with others, whose stock, though as good as his, had gone to waste. These and similar complaints are to be heard from both sides. Occasionally growers are met who say they are ver3' well satisfied with the way their stock is handled, and there are dealers who, thinking they have a kind of monopoly of the best flowers, prefer the system pre- vailing in their locality and are opposed to any plans for its improvement. I believe the entire solution of this vexed question lies in the establishment of a flower maiket in every large city. This can be done by the co-operation of the commission men and the growers. Let them have all the flowers grown about any large city offered for sale in one place or market early every morning, and they can depend upon it the retailers will do the rest. Cut flowers are a per- ishable stock, and have to be handled in such a way after they are cut as to reach the dealer with the least possible delay, and I fully believe that in no way can this be done better than by sending them to a common center from which they can be selected. In such a place the grower and the dealer or their representatives meet and the question of regulating prices is soon settled. Combinations to regulate prices almost invariably fail. They may succeed for a time, but finallv the projtctors find that what they make by the combination is eaten up in the cost of running the machine, which soon breaks down and is found to be beyond repair. Prices regulate themselves. If buyers are plenty and flowers are scarce the price goes up; it cannot be kept down. The dealer must have stock for his cus- tomers; he will even buy that which he has little demand for in order to get a popular flower of the season, as "You cannot have my Beauties unless you buv something else" is a very familiar expres- sion to retail men. On the other hand, when flowers are plentiful prices fall just as naturally as water runs down hill. Try to stop them and you have a dam, an additional load to carry, but if the price is kept at even pace with the current all will be well and things will run on smoothly as before. The establishing of a market does not mean that the commission merchants are to go out of business; by no means, they are to be part, and a very large part, of any such corporation. The growers or their men, who waste valuable time go- ing from one store to another, littering up the dealer's counters with their boxes and baskets when he is busy are also to be a part of the market. And lastly the dealer, who waits for Tom, Dick and Harry to come in with their flowers in the morning and stands impatiently looking at the clock, and every few minutes steps to the door to see if Jones, who should have been there an hour ago, is not coming with his Brides, and finally sees his would-be cus- tomer obliged to go to make a train without being served. He is to be there, yes, make no mistake, he will be there; his men will be found early in the morn- ine waiting for the stock to arrive. The 34th street ferry market in New York opens at 5 a. m. and the business is all i893- The American Florist. 31 GROUP PHOTOGRAPH OP THE S, A F. AT FOREST PARK. ST. LOUIS. over as a rule before S a. m., and who shall say that this market has not been a success? You may ask why these markets have not been established long ago. It is because when a man is succeeding fairly well with his business by pursuing certain methods he is loth to make a change. The commission merchants have certain customers who regularly visit their establishments and to whom they sell the bulk of their stock. With the growers who peddle their stock from store to store it is much the same; they go over their route day by day and build up the trade upon which they depend. It has always been my thought that it is the fear of losing this established custom that has made the commission men and the growers so unwilling to take any part in a movement to open a market or to centralize the business in any way. I have turned the subject over and over and have discussed it with growers, com- mission men and dealers alike, and I can- not see but that all departments of the trade have everything to gain and noth- ing of value to lose. All the flowers in one place will bring all the customers to that centre, and this much-discussed reg- ulation of prices will settle itfelf. Such a place will be the axle or center upon which all business will turn. The dealers whose trade demands the b»st flowers will be early on the ground to bid against one another, and so on down to the fakirs, who are always to be found and who may be called the scavengers of the market. The 34th street ferry market in New York was started by the eagerness of the retail florists to get stock early in the morning. They couldn't wait for their grower to come with his flowers and per- haps find out at the last minute that he did not have what they wanted. They found it a better plan to meet him at the ferry when the boat came in, and then if his stock was low there were other growers from his neighborhood who could supply them. I have seen a large basket of flow- ers brought into the restaurant where the market was held containing probably anywhere from $50 to $100 worth of flowers cleaned out almost before they could be properly accounted for. As good prices are obtained here as in the stores and commission houses down town for the same class of stock. Com- mission men who receive flowers by way of the ferry invariably offer them for sale there first. As much as $10,000, or busi- ness to even more than this amount, has been -transacted in a single day. This place, once a convenience, has grown to be a necessity, and is now firmly estab- lished in commodious quarters and is managed by a stock company, the mem- bers of which are all men interested in the business and success of the market. One objection to this plan, advanced by some of the men who peddle their stock, is that if a market was started a number of the growers would not join the move- ment, but acting independently would sell their flowers as usual by carrying them around, and the dealers being sup- plied would not visit the establishment. In order to make a radical change such as this would be to most communities it would be necessary to have the co-opera- tion of a majority of the parties con- cerned. That is to say, growers control- ling more than half of the flowers offered for sale would have to agree that their business should be transacted in the mar- ket,either by themselves or through com- mission men. This accomplished success would be assured, as the balance of the trade would soon follow. Now when the peddlers appeared they would be told that "Our buyer is at the market," and they would very soon have to fall in line. Again, I am told that when a glut is on the fakirs will flood the streets and ruin the business of the storekeepers. In New York at certain seasons of the year enormous quantities of flowers are daily offered for sale, very many more than can be handled by the present store system. In these periods of apparent over-production the fakir is welcomed with open arms by the large commission houses, and tens of thousands of dollars' worth of flowers reach the public through these curbstone merchants that would never be sold in any other way. In spite of this opposition, however, the retail business of New York city is growing rapidly and the beautiful stores and handsome turnouts of the prominent flo- rists give every evidence of prosperity. In conclusion I believe that the fault lies not in over-production, but in an im- perfect system of reaching the consumer. A great deal is said about extravagance of the people in buying flowers, but I be- lieve that less money is spent for these products of ours that do so much to ele- vate the taste and bring joy to mankind than for any other luxury. Let us all, therefore, co-operate, v/ork together and bring our flowers before the people, the whole people, rich and poor alike, and the returns will be found most satisfactory to every department of the business. Horticultural Exhibitions; How to Make Them Successful. [Absliacl of paper lead bv H'm. G. Bettermann, Indianapolis, before the St, Louis convention of the S. A, F.] It would be well to divide this subject into three parts; trade exhibitions, exhi- bitions lor artistic effect and exhibitions for profit. Trade exhibitions are held simply for the purpose of enabling the wholesalers to display their specialties to the retailers. These exhibitions in connection with our annual conventions have grown in im- portance, and are also improving in the (juality of exhibits and number of goods shown. While it is not absolutely neces- sary to have elaborate decorations at these trade exhibits they should have a finished and clean appearance, and that can only be bad by a systematic arrange- ment of the space assigned for that pur- pose. Each separate exhibit, if finished up nicely in coi respondence with the bal- 32 The American Florist. Aug. 77, ance, will be more effective than goods set up with no apparent df sire to please the eye. The trade exhibitions are gen- erally open to the public free of charge, and the managers should see that the room or hall is inviting, and that all exhibits are given attention during the days of convention. I do not think it advisable to charge admission to these exhibitions. Exhibitions for artistic effect: This is a subject of great importance. The exhi- bitions are generally given for the purpose of showing the public the advance of floriculture, and also how flowers can be used to the best advantage and with most artistic effect. In arranging for these exhibitions do not lose sight of this fact. We must have a committee on decoration and a committee on arrange- ment of displays. They must work to- gether to give the whole exhibition an artistic and finished appearance. But can we give this appearance with cheap muslin flags, Chinese lanterns, or other cheap material, that can be seen every Fourth of July, or on other holidays? Certainly the plants, flowers and other displays must also be first class, but these can be viewed at leisure when in the hall proper. At the first glance the general effect must be striking and also greatly different from the last exhibition. This general effect (everything else being in keeping) will be worth many dollars in advertising the exhibition. After giving the visitor this good im- pression let us see what we have to show him in detail. Here we have a display of well grown, large, blooming plants, chrysanthemum or other kinds; there a symmetrical bed of single stemmed chrys- anthemum plants; here a fine group of tropical plants, there a specimen palm on a high pedestal, its sides hung over with vines. Now we come to a low table of well arranged cut flowers in bowls and vases, the table covered and hung on the sides with clean white muslin; between the bowls and vases ferns, smilax or asparagus, always kept in fresh condi- tion. Then comes a table of large chrys- anthemum blooms and a table of beau- tiful roses in suitable bowls or vases, intermingled with adiantum plants. Then comes the orchid display, either arranged in a cave or in exquisite glass- ware, backed with a large mirror, or they could be arranged on a mossy green bank, anywhere so they can display their full beauty. In one corner of the hall the flower booth should be located, nicely arranged and decorated. The best flowers that are in the market should be on sale, and of course by all means have a few good looking young ladies to sell the same. These should be competent. Generally daughters of members attending the ex- hibitions take a pride in helping to make the flower booth a success. I find that a great many plants can also be sold in the flower booths during the exhibition, espe- cially where there is an attendance from a distance. Arrangements must be made to reserve a part of the floor space for chairs and settees; a corner here, a small space there, for a few chairs in under some palm, or in a doorway not used, are excellent places to take a rest. Now the music must come in for a share of attention; take the best you can get, it will be ap- preciated. Sometimes some special feat- ure in the musical program will more than repay the cost of it in increased attendance. I find you can not get too many special features in your exhibition, taking for granted that they are suitable. The decoration of the stage is generally a hard job, especially when funds are limited; still it must be done and helps the general effect. If the ceiling of the hall is high and suitable for a center piece something should be thought of in time, a large bell, a canopy, etc. From this you can arrange your laurel wreathing hung with Florida moss, large balls ot palm leaves, or pampas grass. Some say all this is not needed. I am always afraid to leave out the finishing touches to an exhibition. The entrance to the hall should require the decorator's atten- tion without fail, it is an advertisement in itself. Whatever there is about floral exhibitions must be considered as coming from the florists' trade, and the public judges accordingly. Exhibitions for profit: The first ques- tion is, must we make money out of our annual exhibitions? No, I think not, but enough should be taken in at the doors to cover all expenses. Speaking for myself, I have always been in favor of making an exhibition an artistic effect, no matter how the result would be in a financial way. The show or exhibition must be a success in regard to excellence. I think if that can be done it pays the profession, while it does not at the end leave a surplus in the treasury. It will, however, prove a financial success if not abandoned too soon. I remember well when our society held their first exhibi- tion seven years ago. We had great ex- pectations. Everything was arranged to have a great exhibition, and the com- mittee and a good many members ex- pected to see the people crowd into the hall the opening night, but what was our surprise when barelv enough came to make a sprinkling between the beds of plants and tables. The following days and evenings the attendance increased, but not near what was expected, and this in spite of the glorious description given in the daily papers of our under- taking. But considering that everything has a small beginning we consoled our- selves that the next exhibition should show a better result. We have kept on, our receipts increased, but our expanse also increased. We found that it was necessary to do more elaborate advertis- ing, especially as we intended drawing on country attendance. We now have ar- lived at the point that the public expects and awaits with pleasure our annual exhibitions; to some extent it is the social event of the season among the well-to-do. I don't mean to say that our attendance consists only of the rich, but these are the visitors that must set the example. Right here I would advise all managers of exhibitions to make the admission not less than fifty cents, in the evening espe- cially when you have good music, which sometimes is alone worth the price of admission. The point is well taken that twenty-five cents would be cheaper for a certain class of people, but our experience is that the majority of visitors are well- to-do. They are willing to pay for a show that is worth seeing, and we must educate them to the point that a beau- tiful show can not be prepared at great expense and seen for twenty-five cents. You will keep this class of visitors away with a cheap admission, but if you wish to draw the general public for the even- ings one night could be set apart for twenty-five cents. During the day I would advise at all times a twenty-five cent admission, because if you have at- tendance from outside of the city they figure on the expenses coming on the rail- road, then you have a great many who bring their children to see the show. Children under twelve I advise admitting free at all times. Advertising needs careful attention. The principal newspapers should be given a good sized advertisement, others a few lines. Of course the reporters and editors must be taken care of, and it is the com- mittee's fault if the reports are all of a heap, mis-spelled and mis-named. Adver- tising by issuing a souvenir has been found by some committees an excellent idea. A good supply of neat window cards, some money spent with the bill poster, slips for merchants and members to put in their letters, and many other ways maybe found for bringing the affair before the public. Special premiums are a great help if given willingly. More general displays and less competitive dis- plays is my plan for future floral festivals. A great deal might yet be said about the judge system, the display of designs, etc., but these are all items for the exhibition proper, and while they help to make the show a success they are out of the reach of my paper. How Can We Best Increase the Love of Flowers Among the People. BY GEO. C. WATSOX, PHILADELPHIA. {Read before the Society of American Florists at the St. Louis Convention.] [concluded from last issue.] The superintendent of public schools might be called upon by a competent committee and means and ways devised whereby the study^ of gardening and botany might be greatly facilitated. Donations of young plants might be given to the scholars to grow and exhibit. Specimens of flowers might be sent to the schools to assist the teachers with their botany classes in winter. The scholars might all be given a free view of every flower show, or if that were im- practicable, those showing a certain pro- ficiency in learning their lessons might be given a ticket to the flower shows as a prize. A great deal can be done through the public schools if it is only gone about systematically. If it is necessary to raise money to accomplish this, the money can easily be raised. The average man or woman would much rather give a dollar- for such an object than to buy petticoats and preaching for the Hottentots. Get the newspapers interested. Estab- lish a letter-writing corps in your town or village. Divide the work among the members of this corps, giving each one a subject to write up for a specified date. If there are twelve members in the corps this would only require one letter from each member in three months; but your local paper or papers would be supplied with a weekly letter on gardening and the indi- vidual effort would be very slight. The newspaper or newspapers should be ap- proached in the beginning, the object to be attained explained to them, and how the same could be accomplished with their help. They would be only too glad to acquiesce, because a weeklj' letter like that suggested would be a valuable and attractive feature in any newspaper. Encourage any member of your horti- cultural society and every one who is at all interested in flowers or plants to sub- scribe for at least one paper devoted ex- clusively to horticulture. There are several good papers of this description; the fol- lowing may be specially mentioned, Car- de7iing, published in Chicago, a dollara year; Atnerican Gardeniiig, published in New York, a dollar a year; Garden and Forest, published in New York, four do'- Iar3 a year. Suggest to a beginner anx- i893' The American Florist. 33 ions to learn that a good practical book on gardening is one of the first things he has to get and study up. The weekly, bi- weekly, or monthly gardening paper will be the more appreciated once the funda- mental or rudimentary rules of gardening are thoroughly mastered. Recommend some book specially written for this cli- mate, such as Practical Floriculture, by Peter Henderson; or the Garden's Story, by G. H. Ellwanger. If their purses war- rant every gardener or would-be gardener should also possess a copy of Nicholson's Dictionary of Gardening if he would be thoroughly posted and up to date. So far, our consideration has been mainly directed to the agencies with which we are all concerned; but there are other agencies that only a limited num- ber of us are connected with. Among these latter the most important is the the work of the catalogue men. Any essay, however limited or superficial, would be greatly lacking, if it did not recognize the grand work which the modern catalogue is doing in spreading a love of flowers among the people. The catalogues go everywhere all over the country — to the log cabin on the prairie and the miner's camp on the mountain, as well as to the home of the farmer and suburban resident near the centers of population. The catalogue is the real pioneer in spreading a love for flowers. Away in the backwoods, where literature is represented mainly in tree-leaves and blades of grass, the catalogue is wel- comed as eagerly as the first snow-drop of spring, its wonders are a source of endless delight to young and old, its big cabbages and enormous potatoes, its overgrown tomatoes and ponderous pumpkins, aremoreeflectivein tickling the risible sensibilities of the farmer and his family than all the witticisms of all our Eastern funny papers rolled together. And what harm if they do laugh a little and take the jocular seedsman in his own vein! Far be it from us to encourage misrepresentation, renaming, and kin- dred evils which we all deplore. But did any one ever consider this phase of the subject, that to catch the attention of your prospective rural customer it is necessary to use a little vigorous meta- phor at times. If a seedsman claims tliat his "Jumbo Pumpkin" is almost as big as Jumbo, 3'our backwoodsman is amused and skeptical; but he buys some seed of this "Jumbo"all the same just for fun. Now, so long as they make a com- mencement in gardening and begin to beautify their homes, what does it mat- ter if it vi&s just for fun they began, and who will dare to breathe a syllable against the catalogue that induced them. Let us bless the catalogue and the cata- logue men, exaggerations and all, and if we must admonish those Munchausens amongst them once in a while, let it be gently done, for horticulture owes them a debt of gratitude that she can never repay. There is one way that the S. A. F. could help the catalogue men, and that is by starting a movement to have flower and plant catalogues carried at newpa- pcr rates. Considering the noble work the catalogues do in spreading a love of flowers among the people they have the strongest claim on the consideration of the post office department, and a com- petent committee should be appointed by the S. A. F. to accomplish a reduction in postage if possible. Many seedsmen have already managed this by calling their catalogues "flower magazines," and the ex-postmaster general actually had a book catalogue and price list called "Book News" carried through the mails at newspaper rates. But what we want is to treat all alike— put all on the ground floor and carry all their printed matter at the same rate, no matter what they may call it, a catalogue, a magazine or a newspaper. The S. A. F. secured, by well directed efforts, a reduction in the rates of postage on seeds and plants, and there is no reason why they should not be equally successful with this other reform. In conclusion just one word for the good work that is being done by our periodical literature in spreading a love for flowers. When such magazines as the Ladies' Ilomejournal, with its 750,- 000 circulation every month devotes a large space regularly to this subject, em- ploying the best artists and such able writers as George H. Ellwanger, F. Schuyler Mathews, H. H. Battles and other experts, it will be readily admitted that the influence for good is enormous. The Ladies' World, the Delineator, Dcni- oresfs, with their euormous circulations also follow on the same lines, and there are hundreds of other papers with smal- ler circulations that are also doing splen- did work. The only regret in regard to the latter is that they are not always thoroughly reliable. For instance that awful calla story will be printed by them every time it comes along, no matter how often it may be exposed and laughed down. There is only one way to secure improvement in this respect, and that is for these papers who can't afford a hor- ticultural editor to get a weekly syndi- cate letter from some competent writer and use that instead of the hap-hazard matter they now print. Perhaps there is a field here for a national letter writing corps similar to that suggested for local societies? These few suggestions are but random thoughts from a host that come crowd- ing for recognition when one begins to think this matter over, and it is almost impossible to do such a big subject any kind of justice within the limits of ashort essay. Remembering, however, that this is summer weather, that St. Louis is far from the cooling breezes of Atlantic City; and that the "quality of mercy should not be strained", feelings of compassion for the sweltering condition of the mem- bers demand that this matter be cut as decollete as possible. The foregoing may therefore be briefly summed up as follows: SYNOPSIS. I. Give cordial support to the S. A. F, and its aff"diated local organizations and the trade papers. II. Give active assistance to all horti- cultural societies especially to that in your own locality. III. Train the young. Encourage plant growing among scholars at public and Sunday schools, botany classes and simi- lar eff'orts. Above all make the grounds of your school house beautiful. IV. Interest the newspapers, and keep them supplied with reliable matter by establishing a letter- writing corps in each locality. Y. Recommend every member of a hor- ticultural society to subscribe to at least one gardening paper, and if a beginner in gardening also see that he studies up a reliable treatise on the subject of garden- ing. VI. The modern seed and plant cata- logue being the most effective pioneer in spreading a love of flowers, especially in isolated localities, it should be encour- aged as much as possible, and a move- ment to reduce postage on same to news- paper rates cordially supported. VII. Let measures be taken to form a syndicate of horticultural writers to supply the periodical literature of the day with reliable matter, to take the place of the hackneyed and unreliable and uninteresting stuff that is now largely in use. This syndicate would be self-sup- porting, as their matter would have money value. If these and the many other suggestions that will doubtless be brought out from the members during the discussion of this subject be actively and conscientiously worked out by each and all of us as far as lies in our power we will have the pleasure of witnessing a great increase of a love of flowers among the people. This love of flowers is growing now, and we want to see it keep on growing until this country becomes a fairy-land of beauty, dotted with beautiful gardens all over its wide expanse. When Columbus first came over here in 1492 he found a beautiful country. Here is what he wrote in hisjournal. " The Beauty of the ucw laud far surpasses the Campanade Cordova. The trees are bright with an ever verdant foliage and are always laden with fruit. The j)lants on the ground are high and flowering. The air is warm as that of April in Castile, and the nightingale sings more melo- diously than words can describe. At night the songs of other smaller birds resound sweetly and I have also heard our grasshoppers and frogs. Once 1 came to a deeply enclosed harbor, audsaw a high mountain that had never been seen by mortal eye, and from whence gentle waters flowed down. The mountain was covered with firs and variously formed trees with beautiful blossoms. On sailing up the stream which empties itself into the bay. I was astonished at the cool shade, the clear crystal like water, and the number of the singing birds, I felt as if I never could leave so charming a spot; as if a thousand tou^ies would fail to describe all these things, and as if my hand were spell-bound and refused to write." {Journal 0/ Columbus on Ifs first voyage {li'-)'l)Jrom A. Von HiimboldV s ''Cosmos.") A delightful picture truly and showing that the old discoverer fully appreciated the beauties of the new country. Indeed we have to admit that he did so in a greater degree than do a large percentage of its present denizens. We are so busy looking after the almighty dollar, and braeging about the bigness of our coun- try Ihat we have neglected to do much in the way of making our country even more beautiful than it is. But we are coming to that too and bye and bye we will not only have the biggest but also the most beautiful the world has ever known — a fairy-land of flowers, a para- dise on earth. How Can We Best Increase the Love of Flowers Among the People of This Continent. UV UOIIERT OUAIG, rUIL.\l)ELl>HI.\. [Read before the SI. Louis LonvCHtion of the So- ciety of A merica n florists.^ That is to saj', how can this society work to the best advantage in this direc- tion? There is no doubt that the love of flowers and ornamental plants, and inter- est in their cultivation, is more general in .\merica now than at any previous time. This is evidenced by their increased use in public parks, cemeteries, at railroad stations, and in private gardens and grounds. Every member of this Society can do something to help on the good work. Flowers and plants need only to be shown to the people in attractive arrangement and under good cultivation to make their own way to the hearts of every one, and a florist cannot do better than to begin at his own home to show a little good floriculture. Most of us have not fully improved our opportunities in this respect; we cannot do too much in making our own home surroundings at- tractive with flowers and thus give our patrons ideas of what may be done. 34 The American Florist. A-g. 17. The various florists' clubs throughout the country should improve every oppor- tunity for cultivating public taste. Let me throw outafew practical suggestions. Why would it not be a good idea far each florists' club to select a hotel or theatre or other public place and keep it decorated (at a nominal cost to the proprietors) for the purpose of cultivating public taste? The work could be so divided up among the members as to be but a light tax on each, or a part of their fund could be devoted to this object. This would certainly be productive of good results. Papers should be read at the club meet- ings giving amateurs an idea what to grow in their gardens, with detailed cultural information, suggestions as to arrangement, etc., and also information as to plants best suited for house culture and their proper treatment under such conditions. All such matter the daily papers and weekly and monthly maga- zines would gladly publish. Most of the disappointments of amateurs in attempt- ing to grow plants arise from ignorance; and they would be very grateful for such help as the florist club could easily them. These organizations should also take more interest in the floricultural embel- lishment of the public parks. In some cities, notably Chicago, a special tax is levied for the purpose of keeping up the parks, and a liberal portion of this special fund is set apart for flowers, and I am informed by many citizens that no part of the public tax is more cheerfully paid. The people enjoy the flowers, and manj' of them fall in love with them and are tempted to grow them around their own homes. The parks are great educators, and the florists' clubs everywhere should use concerted efforts to have a portion of the public funds devoted directly to the cultivation of flowering and ornamental foliage plants in public grounds; in no way could they do more good. Public exhibitions should receive the cordial support of every club and every individual; it should be considered as a duty lor each to make some personal sacrifice for the general good; there is nothing new in thisidea, but it cannot be too often advanced. As an evidence of what concerted eflFort and a little enthus- iasm may accomplish permit me to re- mind you of the exhibition of carnation blooms held in Pittsburg last February by the young branch of this organization, the Carnation Society. I have seen many large exhibitions, but I am free to say 1 never attended anyone so perfectly de- lightful. What marvelous flowers! There was never before brought together such an exemplification of the possibilities of the "Divine Flower," and the only weak- ness in the management of the exhibition was that it was not fully advertisid. Special and truthful reports of all exhibi- tions should be prepared for the press; it is gratifying that all good information of this kind is cheerfully published; this is one of the hopeful signs of the times. About two thousand of the Pittsburg people saw this show; it was capable of delighting the whole population. It was a demonstration that Mr. F. Dorner and other American raisers ol seedlings have carried the development of the perpetual carnation further than any of their com- peers. What has been done by that young organization should stimulate the Chrys- .-inthemum Society and the Rose Society, and should hurry on the advent of the Orchid Society and other potential sub divisions of the S. A. F. I might advance other ideas, but think we should not at present attempt more than we can con- veniently do; it is not difficult to act upon the one or two suggestions thrown out, and if this is done these few remarks are not made in vain. The Dark Side. Among the visitors from Boston to the St. Louis convention was Mr. Alex Montgomery, the well known manager of Waban Rose Conservatories, who, with his brother John and his son Alex- ander, accompanied the Boston party and attended the meetings of the first two days. They left St. Louis for Chi- cago on Thursday evening. On Friday morning a telegram was received at St. Louis conveying the sad intelligence that their mother had been terribly burned by an oil stove and that it was doubtful if she could survive. Friday and Saturday were spent in a frantic endeavor by Mr. Montgomery's friends to locate him, but the World's Fair is a large place, and notwithstanding all the efforts put forth the search was fruitless, and it was not until Sunday afternoon, when Secretary Stewart chanced to meet them unexpect- edly in the fair grounds, that Mr. Mont- gomery and his party learned the sad tid- ings, and immediately stalled for home, In the meantime the news had been re- ceived by others, but without Mr. Stew- art's knowledge, that the lady had died on Saturday morning. This sad event cast a shadow over the pleasures of all, and many and heartfelt were the expres- sions of sympathy and sorrow. Mr. and Mrs. John Burton of Philadel- phia were also called home suddenly by a telegram announcing that Mrs. Burton's mother was seriouslv ill. The Trade Exhibit at St. Louis. li. H. Hunt, Chicago, Florists' Supplies, Bulbs, Seeds and Garden Inipleiuents. W.J. Hesser, Plattsmouth,Neb., Palms and Decorative Plants. Thompson, Anderson & Kennedy, St. Louis, Model of Greenhouse, 20 foot span. Chadborn Kennedy Manufacturing Co. Fishkill. N. Y., Automatic Ventilator. Lockland Lumber Co., Lockland, O,, Greenhouse Building Material. W. H. Elliott, Brighton, Mass., Aspara- gus. (JuakerCity Machine Wo:ks, Richmond, Ind., Challenge Ventilating Apparatus J. D. Carmody, Evansville, Ind., New Departure Ventilator. H. A. Dreer, Philadelphia, Palms, Ferns, and Decorative Plants. Edwards & Docker, Philadelphia, Waterproof Cut Flower Boxes. E. Hippard, Youngstown, 0., Ventilat- ing Apparatus. C. H. Joosten, New Y'ork, Fostitc, Magazine Bellows and Bulbs. W. K. Harris, Philadelphia, Ficus elas- tica. J, J. Polexfen, Baltimore, Fumigating Insecticide. Detroit Flower Pot Manufacturing Co. Flower Pots. Michel Plant and Bulb Co., St. Louis, Bulbs. etc. Whilldin Pottery Co., Philadelphia, Flower Pots and Fern Pans. John Gardiner & Co., Philadelphia, Bulbs and Mushroom Spawn, I'ctcr Herb, Mt. Healthy, O., New Carnation "Adalaida Krcskin." Marschuctz & Co., I'hi'adelphia, Bas- kets, Metal Goods and Supplies, A. H. Hews & Co., Cambridge, Mass., I-'lowci Pots. E. Kaufmann & Co., Philadelphia, Flo- rists' Supplies, Baskets and Metal Goods. F. E. McAllister, New York, Seeds and Supplies. F. R. PiersonCo., Fishkill, N.Y., French Cannas. Pitcher & Manda, Short Hills, N. J., Decorative Plants. A. Wiegand, Indianapolis, Palms and Pandanuses. H. Ba3'ersdorfer & Co., Philadelphia, Supplies, Baskets and Wheat Sheaves. C. A. Kuehn, St. Louis, Wire Clamp Florists' Designs. Boston Letter Co . , Florists' Letters, etc. J. C. Meyer & Co., Boston, Silkalinc. IJ. B. Long, Buffalo, Photographs. J. C. Vaughan, Chicago, Bulbs and Plants. The following awards were made by the judges: H. A. Dreer, for collection of decorative plants, a certificate of merit. Chas. D. Ball, for collection of decora- tive plants, honorable mention. Pitcher & Manda, for collection of decorative plants, honorable mention. W.J. Hesser, W. K. Harris, A. Wiegand and J. G. Heinl for exhibits of plants, highly commended. Pitcher& Manda forcollection of bulbs, a certificate of merit. John Gardiner & Co. for collection of bulbs, honorable mention. H. A. Dreer, for collection of bulbs, highly commended. Peter Herb for new carnation "Adalaida Kreskin," a certificate of merit. F. R. Pierson Co. for canna blooms, honorable mention. Michel Plant and Bulb Co. for the "Albino" tuberose, honorable mention. H. Bayersdorfer & Co. for display of florists' supplies, a certificate of merit. E. Kaufmann & Co. for display of flo- rists' supplies, honorable mention. F. E. McAllister for display of florists' supplies, honorable m'ntion. Marschuctz & Co. fordisplay of florists' i-upplics, honorable mention. E. H. Hunt for collection of florists' supplies, honorable mention. N. F. McCarthy & Co. for fancy pot- tery, highly commended. C. A. Kuehn for wire designs, honora- ble mention. E. Hippard for "Standard" ventilator, a certificate of merit. Ouaker City Machine Co. for "Chal- lenge" ventilator, honorable mention. Detroit Pottery Co. for flower pots, honorable mention. Whilldin Pottery Co. for flower pots, highly commended. Lockland Lumber Co. f ircypress build- ing material, certificate of merit. Thompson, Adams & Kennedy for sec- tion of modern rost house, a certificate of merit. Edwards & Docker for waterproof cut flower boxes, a crtificate of merit. The Bowling Contest. This was, as usual, a decided attraction at the convention and on Saturday morning every foot of seating space along the alleys of the Pastime Athletic Club was filled. Four teams entered, namely. New York, Philadelphia, St. Louis and Chicago. Some excelleiit scores were made and applause from the spectators was frequent and prolonged. New York won both the St. Louis and Spaulding cups, while the individual prize for high- est score went to Mr. W. K. Harris of the Philadelphia team, who made a score of 240. Refreshments were served ad libitum by the S\ Louis bovs, who omit- ted nothing that could add to the com- i8g3' The American Florist. 35 fort and erjojment of their guests. Aa engraving of the cup offered by the St. Louis club and won by the New Yorkers is given in this issue. Following is the score in detail: NEW YORK. 1st game. 2d game, od game. P. O'Mara 159 195 149 W. Dihra 161 197 203 W. S. Allen 159 152 161 Tos. Manda 164 167 166 E. Leuley 170 206 177 W. A. Manda 159 138 160 972 1055 1016—3043 PHILADELPHIA. Geo. Anderson. ..182 162 151 John Westcott... 120 101 137 Geo. Craig 129 176 148 W.K.Harris 240 144 163 Robt.Kilt 122 144 140 A. L. Brown 169 145 178 962 872 917—2751 ST. LOUIS. R. F. Tesson 154 156 163 T.J. Benecke 132 217 111 H. Young 136 155 170 C. Beyer 117 180 134 C. Juengel 182 128 138 C. A. Kuehn 126 146 113 S47 982 829—2658 CHICAGO. P.J. HauswirthlOe 160 129 G.L.Grant 179 161 138 A. McAdams 133 149 103 W. Kreitling 130 76 103 J. Wilson 132 142 161 H. Balsley 147 126 137 827 814 771—2412 At the conclusion of the contest by the teams the captains played three games, v?ith the result in favor of New Y'ork. Following is the score: captains' GAMES. 1st game. 2d. 3d. Total. New York (0'Mara)152 221 192—565 Phila. (Anderson). ...194 154 191—539 Chicago (Hausw'th)158 213 134—505 St. Louis (Benecke). 143 136 157—436 The prizes were then presented, and led by Mr. O'Mara, all joined in giving three rousing cheers for the St. Louis bovs and the Pastime Athletic Club. The World's Fair. The caladiums are still in fine order, and are well arranged under the dome and in the south curtain. A quantity of new varieties, just received from Brazil, were potted about two weeks ago, and will be in good condition in a month or six weeks time. It is expected that they will make an interesting display, as they were all sent as novelties. The plants under the dome have done very well, con- tinuing in good condition. The lily of the valley is now displayed under the dome. There is not a great variety of flowering plants at this season, and they are a great addition. Among the orchids now in bloom is Vanda coe- rulea, some jerides, cypripediums, mor- modes, etc. A very fine crinum is in bloom in the south curtain; it is an old plant belonging to Mr. Jno. Goode, and has a tall inflorescence of huge fragrant flowers, soft pink, outside shading to crimson. Supposed to be C. Zeylanicum. The Lemoine gladioli are still in good bloom north of the Horticultural Build- ing, and there are also some very good sorts shown by E.Forgeot, of Paris. But Lemoine's hybrids are the chief glory; m. r-sL THE ST. LOUIS CUP WON BY THE NEW YORK BOWLING CLUB AT THE ST. LOUIS CONVENTION among them is Pactole, a deep golden yellow, and Etoile d'or, paler yellow, but really two of the best gladioli ofthat color one could wish. The crimsons, pinks and scarlets show some excellent eflects, and there are some rich heliotrope pur- ples that are a decided step in the direc- tion of blue. A gladiolus of genuine blue does not seem such a faraway possibility. There is an exhibit of cut gladiolus blooms under the dome from C. H. Allen, Floral Park, X. Y,, which is agreeably arranged in connection with the lily of the valley. The canna beds are doing famously, flowering freely for the most part, and attracting much admiration. It may be noticed , however, that some of the yellows that are something between salmon and apricot appear more inclined to burn in the sun than the clear yellows or reds. Where a bed is planted with one variety only in a mass the effect is better than when the varieties are mixed. The aq uatics are growing nicely, though flowering but little yet. In the New York greenhouses the roses are in good bloom; Mrs. W. C. Whitney is flowering very freely. The tuberous begonias are so far improved that they can now permit the flowers to remain. Out of doors the tuberous begonias advance but little; it seems to be a trying locality for them. 36 The American Florist. Aug. 77, In the department greenhouses there is plenty of stuff just coming on; the chrys- anthemums are doing very well. A good many are planted in boxes, so as to make a large mass of bloom. All the usual summer propagating operations are being carried on, so that any unexpected call for material may be filled. Outside this is rather an awkward time; the summer stuff is beginning to suffer, and autumn flowers are not yet ready to take its place. It is so extremely dry, too, and there is a scarcity of water as well as help. Among the sunflowers now showing one of of the most attractive is H. argy- rophyllus, a large annual sort. The leaves are a silvery green, theray florets sulphur yellow, with dark brown disk. It is large in both growth and flower, and makes a very handsome showing. The sunflowers in variety will be very showy from now on. The Island is suffering very severely from the prolonged drouth; trees and shrubs, as well as flowering plants, are burning badly. Two days ot soaking rain would be of incalculable ad- vantage to the autumn flowers. The Horticultural Congress. The Horticultural Congress of the World's Columbian Exposition at Chi- cago convened in the Memorial Art Pal- ace on Michigan avenue on Wednesday morning, Aug. 16, as per published pro- gram. There was a large attendance and much interest was manifested. President Bonney of the World's Con- gress Auxiliary welcomed the visitors in the following words: "Friends of the seed, the flower, the fruit; fair trinity of potency and beauty and use: The fairest conception of human existence is of life in a garden, with its exquisite beauty and peace, and from which culture and care have banished every hurtful thing. Among the pictures in the temple of my own memory there is none brighter than that of the garden near the family mansion, in which my mother gathered roses and violets and the early fruits. "The loveliest symbols of thought and aspiration of sentiment and affection are flowers. There is no more deep and subtle mystery than that which conceals plant and shrub and tree in the seemingly simple structure of a seed. "There is no more charming art and occupation than the cultivation of flow- ers and fruit bearing trees. There is no calling more innocent and conducive to human welfare than that of the horticult- urist. The improvement and beautifying of public parks and grounds depends chiefly upon the gardener's art. The pro- tection of fruit crops, involving vast pecuniary interests, and the best part of the food supply of great numbers of peo- ple is almost wholly dependent upon the studies, the experiments and practical wisdom of those whom this congress on horticulture represents. "The trade and commerce in seeds, fruits, flowers and nursery products is of such magnitude and importance that it is justly regarded as one of the greatest business interests of the world. It is therefore most appropriate that arrange- ments have been made for a congress on horticulture among the many congresses of 1893. "This congress has been organized by a committfe of organization, of which Mr. J. C. Vaughan is chairman, assisted by a committee of co-operation of the American Seed Trade Association, of which Mr. W. Atlee Burpee is chairman. and a committee of co-operation of the Society of American Florists, of which Mr. E. G. Hill is chairman. Upon the nomination of these committees Mr. P. J. Berckmans has been appointed the pre- siding oflicernf the opening session of this congress. "A glance at the program prepared shows that it is properly representative of thevarious interests involved. France, Germany, Denmark and many American states are represented by appropriate sub- jects and contributors. Other states and countries will doubtless take part in the discussion . In behalf of the World 's Con- gress Auxiliary of the World's Colum- bian Exposition I welcome you to this Congress." He then introduced Chairman J. C. Vaughan, who added further brief words of welcome, and who introduced Mr. V. J. Berckmans as the presiding officer for the general session. Mr. Berckmans made an eloquent open- ing address and then took the chair. The paper on "Technical Horticultural Education" by Prof. Wm. Trelease of the Missouri Botanical Garden was then read by that gentleman. It was an able and comprehensive essay and was dis- cussed in a most interesting manner by Prof. Dr. L. Wittmack, who explaineil the systems in use in Germany, and Mr. Henri I/, de Vilmorin, who described the workings of the French horticultural schools. Prof. L. H. Bailey followed and pointed out the need of different methods for America from those employed in European countries on account ot the wide difference in conditions. The essay upon "Improvement and care of public grounds; developing and conserving natural beauty," by William McMillan, superintendent of the parks of Buffalo, was an able paper and was most effectively delivered by the essayist. It was discussed by Mr. Rob't Craig. Other essays delivered were on the "Relation of experiment stations to com- mercial horticulture," by Charles W.Gar- field of Michigan, and on "Horticultural displays at future World's Fairs," by Prof Dr. L. Wittmack of Germany, both of which were exceedingly valuable and bore evidence of much thought and care in their preparation. Taken altogether the essays presented at the congress are of the very highest order and the printed report will be a most valuable document. On Thursday morning Mr. Henri L. de Vilmorin of Paris read his essay on "Ped- igree or grade races in horticulture" be- fore the seedsmen's session. It is given in full in the seed trade department of this issue. On Thursday evening at the florists' session Mr. Craig read his essay on "The past and present of floriculture" and Mr. Hill read his paper on "The futureof flori- culture." The latter is given in full be- low. Prof. Goodale failed to prepare the essay assigned to him on the past of flo- riculture, so Mr. Craig combined the past and present in his paper. The Future of Floriculture. BY E. G. HILL. [/?gad before the Flonsts^ se&sioii of Ihe Horticult- ural Congress, Chicago.^ We have listened with deep interest to the eminent gentleman from Phila- delphia on the past and present of flori- culture: retrospection shows us the day of small beginnings, the troubles and dif- ficulties that were overcome and the gradual growth of the art with the growth of the country; in the present we look back at the "Hill of DiflSculty" which we have allclimbed and delight to recount the triumphs of floriculture. We have the past and the present as a gauge with which to measure the future of this our chosen profession. We must remember that only a few decades ago the greater portion of coun- try comprising the states of the Federal Union, as well as the British possessions north of us, was one vast wilderness; the pioneers of civilization on our western continent overcame difliculties mountain high, subdued the forest, bridged rivers, built cities; life was a struggle lor existence made up of hardship, depriva- tion, suffering and toil. A betterday has dawned, and with the increase in wealth and the growth in education a marvel- ous transition is taking place. If in the past things esthetic found no place they were simply crowded out by sheer physi- cal necessity. The word floriculture strictly defined, means the culture of flowers, but each day gives to it a wider significance; it means not only the growing of plants and the production of flowers, but it also implies the artistic arrangement of both either in the embellishment of grounds or the decoration of interiors; it implies a knowledge of the laws which govern plant life; an understanding of the soils from which they derive their sustenance; an acquaintance with their enemies and how to conquer them. Before attempting to cast the horo- scope of the future, let us ask what are our claims to greater growth and a higher development in floricultural art. The cultivation of plants and the pro- duction of flowers have an elevating in- fluence upon those engaged in the work, and also upon the communities where the work is carried on, and insensibly helps to a better code of ethics. Wonderful lessons are learned by a study of plant life, if only it is studied seriously; the artist is taught form, arrangement and coloi", pendent branches, trailing vines, glossy foliage, are suggestions of value to the decorator. Flowers are daily becoming more in- dispensable in all the tender offices of friendship, hospitality and the home life. They grace the table of rich and poor, do- ing even more than the spotless linen or shining ware to make the meal something more than the mere satisfying of the ap- petite. When our friends meet good for- tune, we send our congratulations in a bouquet ol rosts. When sorrow has crossed their path they read with dimmed eyes our sympathy in dewy flowers. We strew the bridal path with roses and lilies sym- bolic of our wishes for the bride, and the loved ones laid away to rest are covered with a pall of fragrant bloom. Flowers seldom blossom so sweetly and appro- priately as in the sick room, bringing a message from the outer world to the one shut in, how often awakening in the con- valescent his first interest in the old life which had so nearly slipped away from him. Floriculture has a great luture in Amer- ica from the fact that the home is the cen- ter and citadel of our American civilization. The homes of the future will conserve and support our art. Until recent years the average American town has had very lit- tle architecture worth the name; but every season beautiful houses are taking the place of the ugly structures which were the outgrowth of the haste and straitened circumstances of their build- ers: these new and tasteful homes are em- bellished with tree and shrub and vine and plant, and as time adds to the beau- tiful effect produced, their educational in- j8g3' The American Florist. 3T fluence will be felt by our people, who are not slow to learn the lesson of beauty when properly spread before them, and we venture to predict that both the cot- tage and the mansion of the next genera- tion will furnish models of beauty as much by the correct use of floral decoration as by the increased beauty of the architecture. The past ten years have seen our pro- fession take a vast and rapid stridt; the pessimists are not few who have predicted an equally sudden collapse, but we are positive that it was but a phase of rapid growth, which will become slower and steadier, but will lead us forward for generations to come. One of the greatest educational influences of the times is the work done by the horticultural press in so attractively leading their readers on to a higher standard of home adornment. In addition to the plants now in general use, we shall see from year to year an in- creasing demand for the more purely decorative plants, such as palms, dra- CEEnas, pandanus and crotons for interiors , while the newer trees and shrubs will at- tract increasing interest. The time will come when the railway stations shall be beautiful from one end of the land to the other, furnishing object lessons for the million, the value of which can not be estimated: already some beau- tiful samples are shown on the leading lines. Cemetery superintendents are fall- ing into line and the great city burial places have been transformed into Edens of beauty, furnishing models which nearly all the smaller towns are copying; con- trast the old country burying ground with the modern cemetery and see what landscape art and floriculture have done, and this work is only in its infancy, with a wide outlook for the future. Public parks and gardens are no longer regarded as luxuries and show places for great cities only, but are deemed absolute necessities for crowded populations, while every town governed by a council with any forethought or concern for the welfare of its future inhabitants, early in its hi&torv looks about for a choice bit of natural scenery and plenty of pure, cool spring water as a nucleus about which a few years later, the landscape gardener and the florist, at the bidding of the peo- ple shall create a bower of beauty of tree and vine and flowering plant. There ought to be no better examples of neatness and of floricultural embellish- ment than in the florists' establishments of our country, both wholesale and retail. The successful florist of the future must be an artist as well as a mere grower of plants; our profession is both an art and a science. Being able to grow plants well is, of course, fundamental in all stages of our history, but in coming years, there must be added to this artistic insight into the fitness of things, which will guide the florist in his combination of colors, which will prevent his arrangements from becoming grotesque in their stiff formal- ity, which will banish the hideous floral "combination design," and show in its place forms of simplicity and beauty only; which will make his boxes of cut bloom when ready for delivering "a perfect gem in a perfect setting." The artistic florist will make his place a model which the average customer may safely copy, not as now so often seen an aggregation of glass houses, workshops, dirt piles, disorder and anything but a place of floral beauty. Of course with the majority of us, the greenhouse is a manu- factory, where coal and water and steam and soil are used in converting raw material into forms of beauty, but a care- ful forethought and some common sense planning by a man who is really educated up to the love of the orderly an^ the beautiful, will find a way to keep the dust and grime and litter in subjection, and present to his visitingcustomersonly the refined product in its most beautiful arrangement. Where we have now only a few establishments such as found at Short Hills, Floral Park, Mount Hope Nurseries, West Chester, Pa., and other places in the country, twenty-five years hence similar examples will be found dotted over every section of our union. The scientific florist of the future will have undergone a technical training in an institution wheretheknowledge of the many gained by personal experience is at his hand classified and ready for use, needing only to be verified as he goes about his work from day to day; he will not go groping in the dark as to the proper constituents of certain soils for given plants nor for the proper remedies for certain diseases, nor for most destruct- ive agencies with which to combat in- jurious insects. What floriculture will be in the future depends largely upon the classified knowl- edge at the ready command ot the future florists, and his art in using it, and also upon his artistic training and the educa- tion of the heart. Technical schools will do for floriculture what the industrial schools are doing for workers in metals, fabrics and woods. Such institutions already have a footing in Europe, and their influence is being felt through the young men of the profession. We in this country shall hail with delight every effort looking towards the founding of such schools. The men who elevate their profession are invariably students, whether in or out of school, men who bj' research and study solve problems and make rough paths straight. The engineer plans the outline of tremendous under- takings in the quiet of his study, working out by compass and rule its parts and construction, and later on his bridge spans the Mississippi; as our friend Mr. ^Vhittle of Albany has suggested there is no reason why theory and practice need be divorced in floriculture. I can do no better than quote his admirable words at our fourth convention: "When will the world know horticulture to be what it is? A pursuit that requires of its workers constant forethought and continual stud}'. When gardeners themselves are willing to lift the class by the grand power of education from the rank of mere artisans. When by the careful and labo- rious investigation of the secrets of nature we can advance theories and cite facts — not till then shall we have our place in the world of thought." It is estimated that the twentieth cen- tury will see over a hundred millions of people north of the Rio Grande; grant three-tenths of them a love for flowers, and do you see what the floriculture of the future must become. The future shall bring forth the wondrous product of the hybridizer; new varieties of plants suited to our climate and requirements shall be produced. Great possibilities are in store for us in this direction; America willin the near future produce its Lemoine, Guillot and Yeitch, let no pessimist discourage, but with quickened steo let us march hopefully forward to that larger and brighter future which awaits American floriculture. Miscellaneous Seasonable Hints. About the 20th of this month is the best time to sow pansy seed for spring sales. If sown much earlier they get leggy by spiing, and if later by a few weeks they are rather small to pass through the winter, h. frame with the sash raised back and front and a heavy shade on is the best place to sow them. It takes longer to sow in drills, but it pays; you can cover them better, and you will get far more plants to the ounce. I use a rod one inch square and when the distance between rows is marked or guessed about two inches press one angle of the rod half an inch into the finely pre- pared soil. That is a suflicient drill, and cover just enough to hide the seeds. When well up remove the sash and keep them well watered if it is a dry time. I have seen red spider attack a bed of seedling pansies and nearly ruin them before they were discovered. A good syringing every evening is all you can do to prevent this. It pays to take time and care with your pansy beds, for the seed of a good strain is very expensive and it doesn't pay to grow any other. Those who grow many thousands can hardly afford to cover them all winter with glass; they usually plant them in the field and at the approach of hard frost cover them with straw, or what is excellent, hemlock boughs. You want a few thousand early and fine that will sell at seventy-five cents per dozen. These should be wintered in frames. Trans- plant from seed bed to the frames five or six inches apart between the plants in the richest soil. When cold weather is ex- pected cover with glazed sash. If frozen for months and covered with sash no harm will be done, but whenever a warm spell comes raise the sash. If you are short of some varieties of geraniums you can begin to propagate them now. One advantage in doing this now is you get a good crop of cuttings, which will make strong early plants, and the old plants growing out of doors will break out and give another fine crop of cuttings by the end of September. Some men put all their cuttings at once into 2 or 2V2-inch pots. When the weather is cool this is the most labor-saving way of doing it and I think makes the most sturdy plants, but if a very hot spell comes on you are likely to lose a large percentage of the cuttings, and therefore in hot weather I prefer to put them in a shaded but airy house in sand and keep moderately moist. Look out that your sweet stevia does not draw up by being too close together; if they are in 5-inch now give them a 6-inch and stop them for the last time, and plunge them with plenty of room round them. Poinsettias must not be left out and exposed to the cold nights after the end of this month. They have done well with us this year, as there has been no heavy rain storms to drown them. The great trouble with poinsettias with most people is the loss of their leaves, and then they are very unsightly, how- ever large the bracts are. If the pots are very full of roots thej' must have a shift to carry them along in a healthy shape, for they have four months yet before the bracts are fully developed. If the cut flowers only are needed a much easier way to produce good flowers with fine foliage is to knock them out of the pots and plant in five or six inches of soil on a bench. Less care is needed and the flow- ers will be fine. The old calla bulbs that flowered all last winter and have been resting outside will want attention now. The tops should be dried up by this time. Shake ever}' bit of old soil off and look out for the little offsets, the size of peas and larger. If you want to increase your 38 The American Florist. Aug. v, stock you can make flowering roots of these thefollowing year. For potting the old roots use a heavy, coarse loam, -with a third of rotten cow manure, and add a little old lime rubbish to it. If well drained the calla will take any amount of water, so drain well. A few lumps of charcoal covered with green moss will do. Don't use sphagnum for any drain- age; it soon rots and is useless for the purpose. After repotting the old bulbs in 5 or 6 inch, according to their size, I place them outside till end of September; they grow stockier and do better than if drawn up under glass. The mignonette you sowed last month for winter bloom will be well up now. Thin out each little clump to three or four of the strongest plants, but not to one, for a grasshopper or some other iriend may come along and eat that one. When they are beyond the reach of such an accident leave only one plant. Buffalo, N. Y., Aug. 14. Wm, Scott. Seasonable Hints. There are probably several diseases popularly known as spot. Scientifically the study is very interesting and we are thankful to science for all the aid and light we can get on the subject. Practi- cally there is little difference to the grower whether spot defines a particular disease or a group. In fact all the fungoid diseases may be classed under one head and the same preventive measures taken for all — the liberal use of copper com- pounds both in the field and under glass. To let any of them become masters of the .situation would be disastrous. Rust seems to be of more recent origin. At least we have heard but little of it -until within a few years. There has been a great deal of unnecessary anxiety in regard to it. While all possible measures should be taken to guard against it, it should be regarded in the same light as many other troublesome things— a pretty bad nuisance to be fought, but not to be feared. Do not rest in the false security of isolation and quarantine. The spores will travel for miles through the air, and by this means will become disseminated over the entire country as spot now is. We have in mind two cases of rust occur- ing by that means. Neither of the parties had ever received any rusty stock. One place was a half mile from any neighbor who had any rust. The other was fully five miles from any infected place, and the rust was found on small plants at two different times and in different places in the houses. In both cases the plants were destroyed. For all fungoid diseases then we would recommend the applicatian of fungicides at intervals, applied to the field plants if necessai-y, and by all means in the houses, commencing as soon as the plants are on the benches. It is not our object to ad- vertise these goods. Any preparation of sulphate of copper ground into a fine powder is good, and should be applied with a bellows. For the houses at least we prefer the powder as easier of applica- tion. Liquid may be better for the field. Ammonia sulphate of copper is the best liquid preparation. One part of saturated solution to oae hundred of water. Fine sulphur is an excellent fun gicide and is often used together with copper. Sulphide of potassium or liver of sulphur dissolved in water is highly recommended for spot. We think with due diligence and the proper use of these remedies or preventives no fear need be entertained that spot, rust or any other fungus growth will do the carnation permanent harm. There is a fungus which affects the roots of the carnation, doingconsiderable dam- age at times. The top becomes yellow and finally dies. It mostly occurs in the field, and will spread from plant to plant. The ordinary fungicides fail to reach the evil. Whether all the plants that show a yellow and sickly appearance are so from this cause or not we cannot saj', but the safest plan is to destroy all such stock no matter how valuable. "Damping off' is a name familiarly ap- plied to w^hat may be a condition or a disease, we cannot positively say which. We do know, however, that we lose more plants from this cause than all other causes combined. It attacks the plants in the cutting bench and in all other stages to maturity, and after they are planted on the benches. We lose numbers of plants in this manner in the field, and far more of a wet season than during a dry one. The bark at the surface of the ground is first affected, and the disease, if such it is, works in and around the stem, girdling the plants, which die in conse- quence, although both above and below the injury they seem perfectly healthy. The strongest and most robust plants often suffer the most. The weak and sickly generally escape entirely. Some varieties are more liable to suffer than others. Two years ago we lost probably two-thirds of our Portias in the field from this cause, although the stock was very healthy in other respects. We lost very few, however, after removal to the house, and the same stock has been very free from the disease since. Grubs of the May beetle will often cut or girdle the plant below the surface, and injuries to the bark from careless hoeing and har- rowing will often destroy the plant. But these cases are easily distinguished from what we are pleased to call "damping off." We have not been able to divine the cause, and we believe there is room here for original investigation. We are in- clined to think the trouble is of fungoid origin, although microscopists to whom we have submitted the diseased plants have failed to detect any signs of fungus growth. We are having an experience at the present time that would point to the fungus of the cutting bench as lying at the root of the evil. In the latter part of the winter we potted off a fine lot of healthy plants from the cutting bench. These were set on a propagating table where fungus had been very bad. In a short time they began to damp off badly over the sand where the fungus had been the worst. At the present time these plants are damping off badly in the field. It looks very much as if the fungus had en- tered the balls and had been carried to the field, where it is finishing its work of destruction. Whether all cases of damp- ing off can be traced to the fungus of the cutting bench we cannot sa}'; but the my- celium of this fungus is often present when not suspected, and could be easily carried to the field in the manner indi- cated. We don't pretend to say we are right in this surmise, but the whole mat- ter is clouded in mystery, and a good sub- ject for our scientific friends to unravel. Avondale, Pa. W. R. Shelmire. Ifie ^eeq Hiacje The Seed Trade Convention. The eleventh annual meeting of the American Seed Trade Association con- vened in the Leland Hotel, Chicago, Mon- day, August 14, with about fifty members in attendance and President J. C. Vaughan in the chair. The eastern states were rather lightlj- represented but the west and southwest more than made good the shortage and the sessions were on the whole very satisfactory. Mr. H. L. de Vilmorin arrived on Tuesday and gave the convention two or three very inter- esting talks. Fourteen new members were admitted. Among those present were the follow- ing: H. L. de Vilmorin, Paris, France: W. Atlee Burpee, Philadelphia; J. C. Vaughan, Chicago; Irwin B. Clark, Buffalo; C. L. Allen, Floral Park, N. Y.; W. W. Barnard, Chicago; Mfred J. Brown, Grand Rapids, Mich.; D. I. Bushnell, St. Loui=; John A. Bruce, Hamilton, Ont.; A. N. Clark, Mil- ford, Conn.; E. B. Clark, Milford, Conn ; J. L. Childs, Floral Park, N. Y.; S. F. Willard, Wethersfield,Conn.;C. W. Cross- man, Rochester, N. Y.; Adam Currie, Milwaukee; Chas. Dickinson, Chicago; J. F. Dickmann, St. Louis; A. L. Don, New York; Frank T. Emerson, Omaha; W. H. Grennell, Pierrepont Manor, N. Y.; E. T. Pierce and E. N, Page, Des Moines, la.; S. F. Leonard, Chicago; Robert Livings- ton, Columbus 0.; R. Maitre. New Or- leans; Albert McCuUough, Cincinnati; Wm. Meggatt, Wethersfield, Conn.; F. H. Eberling, Syracuse, N. Y.; J. G. Pep- pard, Kansas City; J . C. Robinson, Water- loo, Neb.; W. Langbridge. Boston; Mr. Trumbull, Kansas Citv; T. W'. Wood & Sons, Richmond, Va.; S. D. Woodruft"& Sons, Orange, Conn.; C. B. Whitnall, Milwaukee; Samuel Wilson, Mechanics- ville. Pa.; Fred S. Plant, St. Louis; J. M. Lupton, Mattituck, N. Y.; Manglesdorf Bros. Co., Atchison, Kan. The sessions closed Tuesday evening with the election of officers as follows: President, W. Atlee Burpee; 1st Vice-Presi- dent, D. I. Bushnell; 2nd Vice-President, S. F. Leonard; Secretary and Treasurer, A. L. Don. It is believed that the next session of the association will be held in Toronto. Pedigree or Grade Races in Horticulture. BY HENRI L. DE VILMORIN, PARIS. YRead before the Seedsmen's session of the World's Fair Horticultural Congress^ Chicago.} The subject on which I intend to ad- dress you may seem at first si^ht to be a rather special and limited one. I trust, however, that upon consideration you will see with me that it is one of great importance and of the deepest interest. I claim for it a constant and all-powerful action in the life of garden plants when we are seeking the most improved races. It is a well established fact that the life work of plants is to make the mineral wealth of the earth fitted for the use of animals and of man. Now it is clear that the plant's work can be done well or ill according to its more or less perfect fit- ness to its functions. It is, moreover, within the power of man to consider, and to some extent control, the efficiency of plants as regard to their work, to select and to increase the best only, and by con- tinued selection to develop more and more the good qualities of each kind. In this way man raises races and varieties of plants which do their work best and quickest. Heredity is the lever by which the results of the study and care and per- severance of the raiser are fixed, so to iSg3. The American Florist. 39 say, into the most valuable of the plants grown for man's use or delight. We have no more powerful means of improvement of vegetable forms. All the care, food and protection given to plants may make them larger and finer, but only selection among many of the same kind with the help of heredity can fashion an enduring race of plants with special good qualities for ouriarms, garden ororchards. Chance seeding may yield some very good finds, as sometimes a good hit is made by shoot- ing at random. But no good marksman will, even after the luckiest of chance shots, dispense with the use of his eyes and judgment for the rest of the day. In the same way no experienced raiser will trust to chance in the choice of the seed from which he expects some precious re- sults. He will gather it from one plant seen among many and will have good reasons to show for his choice. It is plain that selection was not at all times done with such thought and skill as it is now; but ever since plants have been cultivated an evident improvement has been going on for our benefit, and fixed and valuable races of field plants, vegetables, flowers and fruits were known to the oldest nations and are mentioned by the oldest writers. Since the settle- ment of America a new field was opened ior good work, which yielded a splendid crop of honor and profit to Amencan as well as to European cultivators, and through them to their respective countries. Let anyone who doubts the high value of selection look at our fine races of cab- bages, kales, cauliflowers, kohlrabi and rutabaga and compare them with the wild cabbage of our western shores of Europe; let him compare our fine garden beets and our mangels to the wild beet of the Mediterraneanshores; let him com- pare the tomatoes and potatoes of to-day with the wild South American plantsand be will seeproof that only human thought and skill have brought about such won- derful changes — many of them in our own day, many, on the other hand, some hun- dredsof years inexistence. In the tomato and potato we have two distinct exam- ples of garden races, viz., (1 ) those which are increased from seeds, as the tomato, and (2) those which are increased by division of a plant, as the potato. Even where we divide the plant itself heredity is of some importance, as new varieties can be raised from seed only, and it is by no means indifferent together seeds meant for the purpose from one variety of potato or from another. Dis- tinct groups of races are seen in the potato, as the Rose tribe, to which the Early Rose, Late Rose and many more can be referred. Just in the same way a nurseryman who sows pear pips in search of new varieties will take good care to take them from some old sort, the par- entage of which gives good hopes of success. It follows then that even where increase by division is the rule the knowl- edge of the quality and history of a plant may be of essential importance. WHAT HEREDITY IS. Where selection is done with skill and care the improvement of many kinds of cultivated plants effected by its means is invaluable. The large pansies, the huge hybrid gladioli, the large flowered cannas were all brought from the state of small flowers to their present excellence in our own day by careful observers, who, watching every variation and keeping an exact record of the descent of all their plants, turn to the best account the won- derful action of heredity. That plants are endowed with the power of changing to some extent under altered and varying conditions no one will deny who knows even a little natu- ral history. Such changes will occur in wild nature as well as under cultivation, and by the action of heredity will be transmitted more or less faithfully to the next generation. But an all-important fact must be rec- ognized and remembered. It is that in the wild state only such variations have a chance of enduring as give the plant in which they occur some advantage in its life. Many variations appear every year which soon disappear, because thev are a loss, not a gain to the plant. Suppose in the wild state a potato plant with short W. ATLBE BDRPEE, PRESIDENT-ELECT OF THE AM SEED TRADE ASSOCIATION. stems and late sprouting tubers in a mass at the base of the stem. Such a plant would not have any chance against rank growing r.nd early shooting varieties and it would soon perish. Still, some such characters belong to some of our best potatoes. This is owing to the action of man, who throws his power into the balance when cultivating plants which are useful or pleasant to him, and who gives the weakest plant, if it is for some reason a favorite with him, all the ad- vantage he can to make it thrive and answer his purpose. Most of the varia- tions induced in our garden plants are not in favorof the plantif ina "free fight" with its kind in nature. All our im- proved roots, as carrots, turnips, beets, make an early and succulent growth for our own benefit, but not at all for their own good . If left to their fate to struggle with their own wild forms they would soon have to take a "back seat" and very likely soon perish. It follows then that varieties improved from man's point of view must receive kind treatment and richer food than wild forms of the same plant. The cultivated plant, like the domesticated animal, yields in a measure its powers of self defence to adapt itself to our service. Man must in return pro- vide for its safety and nourishment. In the improvement of plants the action of man, much like influences which act on plants in the wild state, only brings about slow and gradual changes, often scarcely noticeable at first. But if the efforts towards the desired «nd be kept on steadily the changes will soon become greater and greater and the last stages of the improvement will become much more rapid than the first ones. I may relate here in a few words an unpublished experiment which I have been conducting for more than twenty years, from 1872 to the present year. It has consisted in cultivating one of our parsley-worts (Anthriscus sylvestris). a European weed, in order to change its slender and much forked roots into fleshy, straight and clean roots, say like those of the parsnip. Among the first batch of roots raised from wild seeds a dozen were selected with a tendency in their roots to larger and straighter bodies. Each root was planted separatelv and its seed har- vested separately. Of the dozen lots obtained eight or nine were discarded at once and roots were selected only in such lots as exhibited some trace of variation. Again a dozen roots or so were chosen, a drawing made of each root, which was afterwards planted separately. I have sketches of all the roots selected, so that it is possible to follow all the stages of variation of each plant living at thisday. For the first ten years the changes were slight, but now they are more and more marked with every generation, and in some of the lots the straight and smooth roots are the most numerous. My object was not to create a new vegetable, as the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris have such a strong taste of camphor as to be quite uneatable, but simply to show that careful and contin- uous selection could transform a wild plant in years that do not equal a quarter of the span of many human lives. Like results had been shown by my grandfather with the wild carrot, only its results were open to controversy as to possible crosses between garden varieties and the wild strain. No such objection can be raised in the case of my wood parsiey-wort. HOW IT WORKS. Although heredity is an ever-present and active agent in the transmission of qualities and characteristics in organized beings, its mode of action is not so simple as at a first glance it might seem to be. That like breeds like is a commonly ad- mitted fact, but there like must be taken in a rather broad sense, and the fact that some differences may occur between the parent and the offspring is at the bottom of all improvement of plants by selection. A being bom from one or two of the same kind will be like his parent or par- ents. But if the parents, although of one kind, were not exactly like one another how will the descendant look? Will it take after the one or after the other, or blend the features of both? And again, if each of the parents comes from two differ- ent ancestors whi:h of the four will take the lead in the form and character of the new being? The network of lines of attraction which would induce a living organism, plant or animal, to be like every one of its ances- tors can scarcely be unravelled. Still, the consideration of the various influences acting on an incipient organism can be pretty accurately summed up in direct heredity, which tends to make the new plant or animil to resemble its immediate progenitors, and atavism, which induces it to be like the mass of its removed ancestors. I omit for the present the idiosyncrasy, which is the tendency in the new plant to combine the inherited char- acteristics in some special manner adapted to its own particular wants. If the par- ent was like its progenitors then all the influences work the same way, and there is every chance of perfect fixity in the series of beings bom in succession. But 40 The American Florist. Aug. 17, if the progenitors for one or more genera- tions has swerved from the characteristics of the ancestors heredity and atavism will come into conflict, and the outcome can not be predicted surely. Some hints on probabilities may be had from an experiment conducted by my father on two varieties of the Lupinus hirsutus, the one with blue and the other with pink flowers. The conditions were in this case very well adapted to the study of the action of heredity, the flow- ers being in the lupine not only herma- phrodite, but also cleistogamous, so that a seed is the produce of only one bloom of one plant. Two lots of seeds were sown to begin with, some of the blue and some of the pink strain. Most plants turned ou*- true, still a few with pink flowers were found in the lot of blue, and con- verselv some blue among the pink ones. In the following year seeds of the true plants were sown again, and along with them seeds of the "rogues" found in each lot. In the latter the greater proportion of plants followed the color of the parent plant, but a great many more showed the alternative color than was the case in the original lots. Seed from blue and pink flowered plants of the third genera- tion were sown again, every possible combination in the relations of the an- cestors as to color and distance being tried as much as possible and the number of blue and pink flowered plants being carefully noted in each case, and the ex- periment was carried on for several years. Though no exact rules can be arrived at from experiments with living things from the tabulated results of the experiment the following inferences can be drawn: 1. The tendency to resemble its parents is generally the strongest in any plant. 2. But it is notably impaired if coming into conflict with the tendency to resemble the bulk of the ancestors. 3. This latter tendency (called atavism) is constant, though not very strong, and scarcely becomes impaired by a series of generations passing by without a rever- sion to the ancestral type having taken place. •i. On the contrary, the tendency to resemble a near progenitor (two or three generations only distant) very soon be- comes obliterated if the said progenitor be different from the bulk of the ancestors. From this it will be seen that choice new races can be raised quickest and with the smallest amount of labor where all need- less conflict in the hereditary powers is avoided. HOW THE ACTION OF HEREDITi' CAN BEST BE TURNED TO ACCOUNT. But it may be rightly remarked here that it must be shown how variations can be obtained before we are shown how they can be made permanent. It is admitted by all observers that plants, being immovably fixed in the ground by their roots, and consequently prevented from seeking favorable and from avoiding untoward circumstances, are endowed by way of compensation with the power to adapt themselves to some extent to different conditions as to soil and climate. The manner in which plants so adapt themselves is most ad- mirable, but it is not here the place nor the lime to consider it. Suffice it to say that the changes in the size, position and anatomy of their various organs appear to be much called up by than produced directly by the changed conditions. The important point in the present case is that variations in the special character- istics of a cultivated race may and do occur occasionally, and that such varia- tions can be made permanent and still magnified by the process of selection. To wait for them to appear among seedlings is the simplest and most ordinary pro- cess. But their appearance can be has- tened and made more probable by the selection of seeds from a plant showmg already some trace of variation, or by means of a cross with some other variety of the same species. As soon as a distinct variation has made its appearance the work of selection begins. The essential thing is to secure a deviation from the old type of the plant under experiment. It matters little whether such deviation takes place in the desired direction or not. Some authors even advise the experi- menter to look for any change at the first stage, and at the next one for the greatest possible deviation from the first change in any direction except a reversion to the old type. This may be useful as far as the appearance of new forms is concerned, but if adhered to too long it might make the fixation of the new forms rather diffi- cult and slow by breeding continuity out of the new race. Whatever the cause of the original vari- ation was, action of the plant's own ten- tency to vary, or some external cause, or a cross of pollen, the next thing to be done is to make the variation permanent by selection. This is sometimes very easy, the new form becoming at once perfectly true and fixed. A case in point occurred several years ago in my trial grounds at Verrieres. One plant of Clarkia elegans with pure white double flowers was dis- covered among a number of the same species with double purple flowers. It was singled out of the seed sown the next year, when every plant raised gave only double white blooms, and it has never since been known to give any but pure white flowers. If such cases were of common occurrence they would make the task of the breeder of new varieties a very easy one. Un fortunately, they are very rare exceptions, and the tendency of new seedling forms is rather to revert fie- quentlj' and rapidly to the original type. Great attention and vigilance must be exerted to counterbalance this tendency to reversion. The best and most useful plan is not to mix together the seeds of the selected plants in case several were singled out, but to sow the seed of each separately, as the several plants selected may be endowed in a very unequal degree with the power of transmitting their own characteristics to their progenj'. Now the principal object and the principal effect of selection if well conducted is to effect a complete transmission of the qual- ities we seek of any given race. Its aim must be in consequence to eliminate anj' plant which is not fit to reproduce itself "true." It is often observed that in such cases when the seeds of several plants selected in the same batch of seedlings are sown side by side and separately the one will come up true with only a very few or no "rogues" at all, while others will give a very medley of plants. If further selection be made only from the lot that came up true the new variety may be considered as already fixed; whereas many years of cultivation and "roguing" may be re- quired to bring it to anything like purity if progenitors be taken from the lots in which numerous variations occurred. Fixity of character is of great importance to garden and field plants grown from seed, and the tendency to fixity should be inbred in plants just as the tendency to earliness or to hardiness. The power of transmitting their own qualities to their progeny is just as hereditary as any other qualification, and no effort should be spared to make it one of the points of a new race. Breeding from single progeni- tors appears so far to be the safest and shortest way to the proposed end. Cross-breeding greatly increases the chance of wide variation, but it makes the task of fixation more difficult. It, however, gives the raiser the only means in his possession to unite in one the qual- ities ot two different plants while discard- ing their weak points. All the different qualities of the two parents seem to unite in the most varied combinations in the cross-bred products. In this way plants are often found which inherit most of the good points of both parents, while some others sum up the defects of both. This I repeatedly observed in rearing cross- bred wheats. An occurrence nol unfre- quently observed in cross-bred plants is that some character belonging to one of the parents is magnified in the progeny. For an instance Mr. Charles Naudin ob- served in crossing daturas that the cross of a slightly prickly variety with another kind which bad smooth stems resulted in the raising of a decidedly prickly hybrid. In framing the character of the progeny the action of each parent is often very unequal, according to the power of each in transmitting its characters. The one that is better endowed in that respect stamps its features more firmly on the cross-bred plant. Discussions have arisen on the influence of the male and of the female progenitor on a cross. I believe that the stronger organism of the two , t he one rather which is better endowed with the power to transmit its characters, will predominate in the progeny whether it comes from the male or the female parent. One trait that makes the fixation of cross-bred plants difficult is in some char- acters of both parents breaking out ia different parts of one and the same plant, instead of being, as we could wish, blended together. Incross-bred peas, for instance, which were raised from a white-seeded and a green-seeded parent, it often occurs that at the second or third generation pods are produced which contain mixed white and green seeds. In the same man- ner round and wrinkled seeds are found in the same pod. This is a greatdifficulty and an almost sure sign of further varia- tion, as a plant showing such breaks can not be depended upon to give rise to a uniform progeny. In many similar in- stances recorded in mv books of experi- ments the green peas gave plants with white seeds and the white ones with green. You can scarcely expect a plant which is not constant in its own parts to be constant in its progeny. The unity in character of any single plant is the main factor in the work of pedigree or grade breeding, and I wish to lay especial stress on that point, which I think of paramount importance. The consideration of the qualities or defects of a plant taken as a whole, not of minor parts, should guide the raiser in his work. Of this I am convinced from experience, and I may be permitted to give a few iacts in support of my opinion. The advice is often given in horticult- ural books to take the seeds from some particular portion of the seed-beaiing plant in order to secure a better result. In German stocks, for instance, it is a common belief that the seeds of pods taken from the middle or from the base of the main stem will give a larger propor- tion of plants with double flowers than if taken from the top of the same or from side shoots. I many times tested the idea and it always proved a fallacy. All the pods on a plant give an almost ex- actly equal proportion of plants with iSgs- The American Florist. 41 JAPANESE FLORAL ARRANGEMENTS. double and single flowers, no matter wliat part of the plant they may be gathered from. A real difference is in the percentage of single and double flowers from various plants of the same variety. In this way ■very wide differences sometimes occur, but not in the case of seeds taken from various parts of the same plant. I tried an experiment with seeds of Chrysanthe- mum carinatum gathered on double, single and semi-double heads, all grow- ing on one plant, and found no difference whatever in the proportion of single and double flowered plants. In striped ver- benas an unequal distribution of the color is often noticed; some heads are pure white, some of a self-color, and most are marked with colored stripes on white ground. I had seeds taken sever- ally frotn all and tested alongside one another. The result was the same. All the seeds from one plant, whatever the color of the flower that bore them, gave the same proportion of plain and varie- gated flowers. No more proof, I think, need be given that selection, which is all-important in the case of seeds from different plants, is of no importance as regards the different parts of any one plant on which seeds may be borne. No limit can be fixed as to the improve- ments which maj- lie expected from care, thought and selection. The gains of the ast dozen years may surely be taken as the forerunners of better things. It is clear that no very important additions to our cultivated plants are to be ex- pected now from the discovery of new species, but an unlimited field opens be- fore the raiser of new and improved forms in all our garden flowers and in fruits and vegetables. The recent success of European raisers of new begonias, of hybrid gladioli and of large flowered cannas are equalled by the gains of the American raisers of chrysanthemums, of garden beets and of tomatoes. I maj' add by way of conclusion that much good may be expected from the more and more frequent exchange of strains be- tween the old and the new world. Such complete changes of soil and of climate frequently give rise to variation, and so either by subtle changes one cannot see the cause of or by well considered crosses, -American and European varieties of our useful or beautiful plants may give rise in their turn to more numerous and use- ful variations than would have occurred had these races been confined exclusively to the country of their origin. Japanese Floral Arrangements. The accompanying engraving is from a photograph of flowers arranged in the typical Japanese style by Mr. Shibota Tomiyami, a nurseryman of Kobe, Japan, now at the World's Fair. The flowers used were cherry and peach blossoms, camellias, Moutou pa^onias, chrysanthemums, irises and aspidistra leaves. Lest our readers be stunned with the idea of having all these flowers available at one time we shall have to say that some of them were artificial. The upright flower holders are of bam- boo and are of the style used by the pro- fessional Japanese florists. The arrange- ment followed is also that of the profes- sional florist of Japan. Philadelphia. The convention of 1893 is a thing of the past, and considering the distance from the large horticultural centres that are commercially interested the attend- ance was very good. Chairman John Westcott of the committee of arrange- ments had to secure a larger car, so as to better accomodate the out of town brethren who did not make their inten- tions known until almost train time. Quite a number of the boys were at the station to see that the delegates got off in good shape. A safe journey and a good time w^as wished to everybody as the train pulled out and Captain Anderson was admonished to bring that cup back at all hazards. Alas! alas! how cruel is fate. At Harrisburg the delegation from 42 The American Florist. Aug. 17, Lancaster and Mr. Dillon of Bloomsburg were taken as well as Messrs. Weidy and Seidewitz of Baltimore, and a delegation from Washington composed ot President W. R. Smith with Messrs. Gude, Clark and several others as a body guard. To add grace to the party some of the mem- bers brought their wives and daughters along, there being seven ladies in all. Everybody was merry and notwith- standing the dust and the heat seemed to enjoy the trip very much. A number of the boys found the smoking room a very attractive place, and judging from the close attention paid to the various phases of the game, we mean subject, under discussion, we feel sure their delib- erations must have been profitable to at least some of them. At Indianapolis, Gurney Hill, and Mr. Evans of ventilator fame were taken aboard. Finally exactly on time our train steamed into the depot at St. Louis and we were given a hearty hand shake and welcome by the reception committee, among them being John M.Hudson, who seemed very glad to see his old Philadel- phia friends, and was only sorry that more of them were not along. St. Louis is a very fine city, the streets are wide and well paved, the street car system. Trolley and cable is admirable, as fine as any we have ever seen, while the public buildings, large office struc- tures and stores, are modern and impos- ing structures. Our stay between the meetings of the convention was made as pleasant as possible by the members of the local club, who were untiring in their efforts give the visitors a good time. The carriage ride through the parks and suburbs, the visit to the beautiful Shaw gardens and elegant collation were very much enjoyed, while the Anheuser-Busch reception was pronounced a rousing suc- cess. The trip to Brownhurst on Satur- day was also a very delightful occasion. There was also another event to which some of the members of the various flo- rists clubs of the country had been invited to take part. A certain few from New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago joined the St. Louis boys and entered into a bo wl- ing contest on the alleys of the Pastime Athletic Club. It looked before this game as if the limit would be reached by some of the bowlers, as the pins were only ten inches apart, but ten pins is a very deceptive game, and our own Wm. K. Harris was the only man to come near the three hundred mark, making 240 pins in his first game and thereby bringing one prize to Philadelphia a very pretty scarf pin for the highest individual score. In this game Mr. Harris had seven in the first frame and then made eight straight strikes. In the first game New York defeated us by only ten pins, but in the next two we were nowhere; the head pin could not be located with any certainty and New York won as they pleased. If all had done as well as Captain Anderson and Mr. Harris, the latter making within four pins of the second man in the total of the three games, the cup, like the cat in the song, would have come back. Still it is not gone forever; it is simply loaned, and when that case is good and ready it may yet grace the club room along with the other trophies. During the game luncheon was provided for the bowlers and the visitors and a quartette of members of the Pastime Athletic Club played a match of handball toshowthe visitors the game. On Saturday night there was a general illumination by the Fall Festivities Asso- ciation. All along the sidewalks of the principal streets there are arches of gas lights with opal shades, and at the inter- sections of the streets there are large arches of gas and electric lights. The effect when these arches were lit up was brilliant in the extreme, and the streets were thronged with people attracted by the display. We understand they are lighted every evening after the opening of the Exposition each fall. While the illum- ination was still on a start was made for the depot and at 9:10, after hand shaking with a number of the club who had come down to see us off, the train pulled out and a visit which will ever be full of pleasant remembrances was over. K. Eryngium Amethystinum. A flower spike of the true variety of this plant was recently received from Rea Brothers, Norwood, Mass. It is remark- able for the metallic blue tint of the flower heads and stem. The senders inform us that the variety generally distributed as E. amethystinum is either E. planum or more rarely E. alpinura. On well estab- lished plants the flower stems reach a height of four feet. Athens, Ga. — The eighteenth annual session of the State Horticultural Society opened here August 2. There was a good exhibition of fruit and vegetables. Atlantic, Iowa.— The Silas Wilson Co. has been incorporated here, with a capi- tal stock of $150,000. They will do a general nursery business on a large scale. West Chester, Pa. — The greenhouses belonging to Hoopes Bros. & Thomas were seriously damaged by fire August 14, entailing considerable loss. The transactions of the Massachu- setts Horticultural Society for 1893, (Part I) recently received gives the pro- ceedings for the first three months of this year, including a number of essays. -Pittsburg. — The Pittsburg and Alle- gheny Florists' and Gardeners' Club had their annual picnic at Ross Grove last Mouday, and a most enjoyable time was had by all who participated. Do YOD WANT a list of the leading park superintendents of America? You will find such a list in our trade directory and reference book. SITUATIONS. WANTS. FOR SALE. Advertisements under this head will be Inserted at the rate of lU cents a line (seven words) each Inser- tion. Cash must accompany order. Plant advs. not admitted under this head. ITUATION WANTED-By an experienced llorlet andt'ardener. Address E. Hay. care Mrs. Josepbsen, 200 No. Green St.. Chicago. S^ SITUATION WANTED— As tureraan in oummerclal place; age 30; married. Flrst-clasH references. Address KuSEX, box t'.l. I'rovldence, K. 1. SITUATION WANTED— By young man. as gardener on private place; can come with gmid reference. Address Chas. Risch, 50 Sherman St., Chicago. SITUATION WANTED— By florist. In growing rose?, carnations, palms, ferns, orchids, smllax and forc- ing bulbs; single; 18 years experience. Address L M. care American Florist. Chicago. SITUATION WANTED-By a young married man, Biuall family, either private or commerclHl place; lU Tears experience: can give first class references. Address V. O. Erk'KSOn, BowraanvUle. 111. SITUATION WANTED-By first class florist, com- mercial or private. German, married, small fam- ily; 15 years experience in all branches: good refer- ences. Address A R, care American Florist. SITUATION WANTED-By a good florist as fore- man or assistant— commercial place preferred- Many years' experience In the business, (iotid recom- mendations. Address W F, care Am. Florist. SITUATION WANTED— By a young florist. 7 years experience In growing plants and cut flowers, In- dustrious, competent, sober; best of reference. Ad- dress L. G. Baubek, care E. Yd. I'alnt shop. Y\. Wayne. Ind. SITUATION WANTED-By first class German flo- rist and landscape gardener, commercial or pri- vate: 22 years experience; married, small family; age 3ti; best of references Address C B, care American Florist. Chicago. SITUATION WANTED-By a first class florist, who understands the business thoroughly in all Ita branches; 11 years experience; good references; Scan- dinavian; single. Address John Lang, Lakewood Greenhouses, Minneapolis, Minn. SITUATION WANTED-By a first class florist and gardener as foreman or head gardener, commer- cial place preferred; 30 years experience in all branches: Austrian" married, no family. Address T. A. Kaschka, 315 8th St.. N. W., Washington, D. C. SITUATION WANTED— As toreraan and salesman, age "J'.t: m 1 grower and forcer, also first class maker-up. aud 'psum. Ottawa Co., Ohio. WANTET>— An Intelligent young man with prac- tical experiences desires to enter into a reliable business, which, if satisfactory, he could eventually buy. Address B S. care American Florist. WANTED— On private place with greenhouses, a gardener of good habits, single man, or with wife competent to ck; must understand care of conservatory, roses, orchids, etc. Address W. H. Chad WICK, 1814 Belmont Ave.. Chicago. FOR RENT— 12 greenhouses, at moderate rate. Ad- dress YOL'NG, Narberth P. O., Penna. Via P. R. R. F OR SALE— Some very nice flg trees In painted tubs, cheap. Address F. Kniesche, 18 Hawthorne Ave., Chicago. FOR SALE— 1000 feet of four-inch pipe and flttlngs in good condition. Price f*iO on board cars, Ad- dress B. L. Clark. West St.. Randolph, Mass. FOR SALE-lOOOft. 4-ln. hot water pipe and flttlngs, mostly in 5 ft. lengths, connected with red lead, ticts. per foot. James Chalk, Norrlstown. Pa. FOR SALE— 1.500 feet of 4-inch pipe— good as new— and also flttlngs. Price $10.UU per KM; $80.00 per 1000. Mrs. Geo. Waldbalter, Saginaw. Mich. FOR SALE— The rarest chance to procure a well established business. Only SsOO cash required; in an excellent neighborhood. For particulars, address Isaac a. Passmohe, Oxford, Pa. lOR SALE OR LET-A valuable florist establish- ment near depot. Apply Jacob Mendel, Nyack, N. Y. F .i((l Perle Ruses In 4-Inch pots at $8.00 per 100. Also 500 Ijizzie MclJowan Camatltins, field grown, strong plants, at J6.0O per l(«l. JA,>IES CHALK, Sandy Hill Greenhouses. Norrlstown, Pa. THB O/Z- CITY GREENHOUSES, OIL CITY. PA. 4,500 feet of glass, heated with No. 7 Furman steam boiler. Houses in good repair and well stocked. A bargain. FOR SALE OR RENT. Rose and cut flower growing plant containing about :tt.OOU square feet of glass: bouses heated by steam and hot water; all In good condition; well stocked with roses, ferns, palms, etc. Only IS minutes ride from center of city. If you mean business, address FLORIST, care Chas. E. Prather, Louisville. K). FOR SALE OR TO RENT. The following greenhouse property, situated on the outskirts of Springfield, the City of Houses; or will sell Greenhouses. Stock and Fixtures and give ten years' lease of 2 acres land. Ten houses in all — 5 houses, 10 feet wide, 65 feet long; 4 houses, 18 feet wide, 65 feet long; 1 house. 18 feet wide, 65 feet long. Steam plant! New double Florida Boiler. Stock in good condition, with a large and extra good home market. This is an opportunity i" a life-time, as present owner has other interests to look after. If you are looking for a chance, apply at once to i«. r». ^MVTr^nr^fi. 5 Kim Street, SPRINGFIELD, MASS. iSgs- The American Florist. 43 HAIL ASSOCIATION REPORT. SECRETARY'S REPORT. The elements in general and hail storms in par- ticular have wrought disaster to growers during the past year. Some idea of the magnitude of losses by hail may be obtained when it is stated that in the five j'ears preceding August 1, 1S92, the Florists' Hail Association paid a total of 53,028.11 for losses by hail. For the year ending August 1. 1893, the Association has paid $5,85tJ.S;i, or nearly twice as much in one year as in the preceding four years. Forty members have been able to replace their glass' without loss and this has been accomplished without hardship to a single mem- ber. "In union there is strength," and the force of the aphorism has been especially' illustrated this year in the working of the Florists' Hail Asso- ciation. The following: losses have been paid since August 1, 1892: To Mrs. Ella Campbell Wil- son $229.88, to Seeger & Hiersekorn $206.2.5. to C. A. "Weddigen S13.45, to Bruenig & Aue $18.12, to Nathan Smith & Son S7.74. to Chas. Beyer S43.7o, to Oklahoma Floral Co. S130.00, to Chas. J. Juengel SIO.IO, to Draper & Son |170 50. to August Mirring 823.60, to Andrew Meyer S31.35, to Ed. Quinn $180.00, to F. J. Fillmore $238.H4, to Arthur Thom- hiUS12.50, to Fred Dorner S;579.;58. to J. A. Heller 822.58, to Ed. Paule 863.10. to Gottleib Teufel $6.56. to G. M. Kellogg $1,225.19. to A. N. Kmsman & Co. $:36.25, to C. C. Murphy $.5.95, to N. S. Griffith $192.95, to J. R. & A. Murdoch $77.10. to J. J. Schu- macher S31.20, to Gus Erunner S69.15, to Arthur Thomhill $20..55. to Theo. Noehle $1.50. to Fred Burki $62..56, to the Heite Floral Co. $193.42, to E. Manthey $149.8-5, to Chas. Burtschy & Bro. $58.68, to Mrs. M. J. Chaffin $50.60, to John G. McOtty $86.83, to Henrv Bertrand $6.42, to Herman Schlaactler $.50,00. to J. J. Habermehl & Son $1,393.90. to C. Eisele $15.43, to C. Humfeld $16.60, to F. S. Krebs$18.I5. to Mrs. J. F. Gorhring $7.15. From the total amount of losses should be de- ducted the amount of $81.76 which was reserved for re-insurance. On August 1, 1893, the Florists' Hail Association had 496 members in good standing. The amount of glass insured was 4,8:50,780 feet, of which 2,247,- 012 feet was single thick and 2,583,768 feet was double thick. An extra one-half insurance has been placed upon 6^,261 feet of single thick glass and 117,396 feet of double thick glass. An extra whole insur- ance is earned upon 379,509 feet of single and upon 5-55. 511 feet of double strength glass, making it equivalent to a single insurance upon 5.8 i6, 128 square feet of glass. The amount received for in- surance during the past year is $1,400.69, of which $575.47 is membership tee and $iS;31.22 is assess- ment fee. One assessment has been levied during the year, known as the fourth assessment from which the Association received the sum of $3 379.16. The total disbursements have been losses $5,856.83, expenses $916,02, bond purchase $510.48 and $6.25 allowed on guarantee fund, leaving in the hands of the treasurer for reserve fund $607.12, for assessment fund $1,072,08. The resen-e assets consists of $2,500 in bonds in addition to the mem- bership fee as above reported, making a total reserve fund of $^5,107.12. Although losses at one time came thick and fast the business of the Association has been con- ducted without touching the reser\'e fund at any time, and it is with pride that the secretary can report that when promjjt action was necessary every official in the Association responded without a moments delay. The response of members to the emergency assessment levied was so prompt as to inspire all with confidence in the stability of the Florists' Hail Association, and when it is thoroughly understood how easy it is to aid each other in case of disaster through the medium of the Hail Association the membership will assume colossal proportions. The percentage of loss for the past year has been one square foot of single thick glass to 37.6604 square feet insured, and one square foot of double thick glass to every 93.2827 square feet insured. 59,66.5 square feet of single thick has been paid for during the year, and 27.712 square feet oi double thick. From Texas to Manitoba and from Wyo- ming to Maine hail has fallen with such violence and frequency that the "hail belt" has been obliterated. J. G. ESI^ER, Secretary. TREASURER'S REPORT, AUGUST 1, 1893. Received new membership fees. . $377. .33 additional memb. fees. . 198.14 8575.47 Received new first assessment . . . 401.77 additional 1st assessment 251.51 $653.28 Received extra whole assessment. . 165,93 " " half assessment . . 12.01 $177.94 Received fourth assessment 3,379 16 interest 105.00 $4,890.85 Balance, Aug. 1, 1892 $3,996.17 $8,887.02 DISBURSEMENTS. Paid for losses as per vouchers. . $5,856 83 Less re-insurance 81.76 Sundry expense per vouchers . Bond purchase per vouchers John Burton for guarantee fund $5,775.07 916.02 . 510.48 6.2.5 $7,207.82 . 1,679.20 Cash on hand. , . . , $8,887.02 Bonds on hand. J2,500.00 J. C. VAUGHAN, Treasurer. We Sell Musliroom Spawn. LILIUM HARRISII AND DUTCH BULBS. Special Low Prices to Florists and Dealers. WEEBER & DON, Seed Merchants and Growers, 114 Chambers St., New York; SMILAX WANTED. Wanted lowest estimate on 3,000 Smilax. Will trade some Calla Lily bulbs. Address W. J. DOWNES, 906 Sherman Ave.. Evanston, 111. 25,000 FINE^FERNS. Our stock of youne Ferns is greater this season than ever. The plants are just in proper condition to shift on into 3-inch pots for use in jardinieres and fern dishes during ""' Duri*n"g''th'e pas't five years there has always been a great scarcity of this stock from the holiday season on, and this year will be no exception. You cannot go amiss by laying in a stock now and growing them on. A^„^^ „«; rr.nrtitinn As our stock is nearly all grown in open frames, it is in a well-hardened off condition and will stand shiprrent 'by freight, e.xcept to very distant points, thereby saving heavy express charges. ADIANTUM ANEITENSE, CUNEATUM, BELLUM, GRACILLIMUM, DECORUM, ELEGANS. PULVERULENTUIW, DAVALLIA STRICTA, DICKSONIA ANTARCTICA, DIDYNIOCHLAENA TRUNCATULA. GYMNOGRAMME SCHIZOPHYLLA. »6.00 per 100; 850.00 per 1000. ADIANTUM CONCINUM, PTERIS CBETICA, HEMIONITIS PALMATA. LASTREA ARISTATA VARIEGATA. LASTREA OPAC», „,.,..„ NEPHRODIUM EMERSUM CRISTATUM, HIRTIPES. NEPHROLEPIS EXALTATA, ONYCHIUM JAPONICUM. POLYSTICHUM COREACEUM. PTERIS SERRULATA CRISTATA, NANA, CONCINUM LATUM, PUBESCENS, CYRTOMIUM FALCATUM, LOMARIA CILIATA. PTERIS ADIANTOIDES, ARGYREA, CRETICA ALBO LINEATA, CRETICA MAGNIFICA, LEPTOPHYLLA, PALMATA. SERRULATA, SIEBOLDII, TREMULA. S5.00 per 100; !»40.00 per 1000. ADIANTUM LATHAMll, iPl^VHTiSRAUs"-""' ACTINIOPTERIS RADIATA, ALSOPHILA AUSTRALIS. ISl.OO per dozen; S8.00 per 100. ADIANTUM FABLEYEHSE. As fine a lot of plants as it is possible to produce, in 5-inch pots; vigorous, clean, healthy, well grown stock, at f 1 00 each. Our new Ouarlerlv Trade List will be issued early in September, and ofTers a full line of all leadPng F^is^' ™' "table for the fall trade, such as Araucanas Azaleas Cyca° , Pandanuf, Ficus and Palms. Our stock of these specialties is greater than ever before. The plants are well grown and certain to give satisfaction. HENRY A. DREER, P. SEBIRE & SONS, Nurserymen, USSY, Calvados, FRANCE. A general assortment of Fruit Tree Stocks, such as Apole, Pear. Myrobolan Plum. Mahaleb and Maz- zard Cherry, Angers Quince, Small Evergreens, For- est Trees, Ornamental Shrubs, Roses, etc. The largest stock in the country Pnces very low. Packing seaired. Catalogue free. Send for quot- ations before placing your order elsewhere. Agents for U. S. America and Canada, C. C. ABEL & CO., P, 0 Bo» 920, New York. 5,000 strong healthy 3-in. Forcing Roses at J4,50 a 100; $40 a lOOO. Will trade for 500 Primroses, 500 Smilax or for Palms, ALBERT FUCHS FLORAL. CO.. Evanston Ave. & Sheridan Soul., Chicago, III. Headquarters for Choice Sapu Fronds, 4 to 5 feet kmt;, Jl.llO. AdIantum. tl.UO a Ml. When you write to any of the ad- vertisers in this paper please say that you saw the advertisement in the American Florist. Special Offer to American Trade. louis^)e'smet, XPKSKKVMEN. GHENT, BELGIUM, OFFER AS SPECIALTIES: Palms Azalea indica and mollis, Araucana ex" celsa (thousands). Bay Trees, Tuberous Begonias, Gloxinias. US' New Trade List on application. . ■ ■ GREENHOUSe HEKTING. BY A. B. FOWLER. Eiplalno fully all the best systems o( heating greeShouses by both hot vrater and lowpre'™™ Steam. Tells you the points to consider In selecting an apparatus. How to ad ust same to various loca- tions; gives the results of the 'a"" «:.enUflc ei- periments Shows how to compute the number of feet of pipe required for a given space; draftand "^'lYswIhTfeomreSby Mr. John Thorpe and others. Postpaid, 75c. Sent on receipt of price. Address, CHICAGO. Please mention the American Flo- rist €very time you write to an ailver- tiser in these columns. 44 The American Florist. A7lg. V, Uliillg Z4l!lI!ill@Mi LI^IL@lSI!lir Subscription $1.00 a Year. To Europe, $2.00. Advertisements, lo Cents a Line, Agate; Inch, Si. 40; Column, 814.00. Cash with Order. No Special Position Guaranteed. Discounts, 6 times, 5 per cent; 13 times, 10 per cent, 26 times. 20 per cent; 52 times, 30 per cent. No reduction made for large space. Tb* AdTertlsine Department of the American F1.0RtST is for Florists. Seedsmen, and dealers In wares pertaining to thost lines ONLY. Please to remember it. Orders for less than one-half inch space not accepted. Advenlsementsmupt reach usbyM.'-nday to secure Uisertlon in the issue for the following Thursday. Address THE AMERICAN FLORIST CO.. Chicago. Injury to Plants by a Trespassing Dog. It is quite a common thing for persons to be annoyed by other people's dogs breaking or injuring their plants. In such cases it is not lawful to kill the dogs, says the Supreme Court of Michigan in the case of Tenhopen vs. Walker. The legal remedy is an action against the owners for damages which the law affords in all cases for the destruction of property caused by the beasts of others. In the case where this was decided the owner of a certain residence, who had a pond of lilies in front of his house, had the same on several occasions injured by dogs wallowing in the pond, which laid open to the highway. Wrought up by this ■when he saw from an upper window two boys, or young men, going along the highway accompanied by a dog owned by their mother and two other dogs, and the first mentioned dog approached the pond apparently with the intent to slake its thirst, he went down into the lower hall, got his gun, and, returning above, shot the dog from the upper window. The dog was a valuable one and the court awarded its owner $225 damages for the killing of it. The court said that the owner of the dog was entitled to recover actual damages, which would consist of the value of the dog at the time it was killed; and that, even if the dog was com- mitting a trespass at the time it was killed, and, in the opinionof the manwho killed it, was about to destroy some of his plants, it would not be a justification for the killing, or in any way mitigate actual damages, because the law afforded the remedy hereinbefore referred to. The court further said that, while actual dam- ages could not be mitigated by the fact that the man had theretofore been an- noyed by other dogs, yet, if it was found that he had been so annoyed, or if he be- lieved at the time that this dog was actually in the act of destroying some of his property, the jury might consider whether these facts could entirely rebut malice; and if, notwithstanding these facts might be found to exist, they be- lieved that he was actuated by malice, they might even then award exemplary damages; for, if he willfully and mali- ciously did the killing, exemplary dam- ages would be recoverable. The jury may or may not have found that the dog was killed willfully and maliciously, but there certainly was evidence which would have justifitd them in finding the act willful and malicious. In cases of malicious injury it is not necessary that there should be actual enmity towards the per- son injured. Dogs in Michigan, as in many of the other states, have value, and are the property of the owner as much as any other animal which one may have or keep. J. L. B. "J ACQ" ROSES the Year Around. We are now Cutting THOUSANDS DAILY of * METEOR ROSES * The finest Crimson Summer Rose, equal to " Jacq" in color and far superiorin keeping qualities. Can supply it in quantity at all times. Prices on application. F. E. PIERSON COMPANY, TARRYTOWN-ON-HUDSON, NEW YORK. THEY SAY "TsPARfiGUs plumosus nmus at 50 cents a string, 8 to 12 feet in length, is the cheapest and best material for deco- rating, as it will stand longer and look better than any other green in this hot weather. OKDER IN LARGE OK SMALL QUANTITIES, IKOM W. H. ELLIOTT, Brighton, Mass. We are the People^. Who ? KOFFMANj \\ llCl V; . orange Co., Pi. Y. 25c.astring; 30c. a string by the hun- dred ; 18c. a string by tlie thousand. When ? ALL THE YEAR AROUND. Also Adiantum Cuneatum Fronds At $1.25 per 100. And lie pays the Express. Phoenix ruDicola. This useful aud beautiful Date Palm in EXTRA FINE PLANTS, growing in from 7 to 10-inch pots, from S3. 50 to J7.50 each, accordingto size. EDWIN LONSDALE, Wyndmoor, ST.A.TION "G." PIIILAUELPHIA. 'Chestnut Hill P. O.) GflTflLOCiUE PRINTING. ELECTROTYFING. Done with expert ability for Florists Nurserymen, Seedsmen, Write to J. Horace McFarland Co., q/kRH'SRCKfl PA. WHOLESALE FLORISTS N. E. CORNER 1 3th & Chestnut Sis. PHILADELPHIA. CHOICE SWEET PEAS Being the largest growersof'ihe above i n the world the trade are invited tosend a list oftheirrcquire- ments and secure low prices for Fall delivery. SHERWOOD HALL NURSERY CO. Menio Park and San Francisco. Cal. WANTED. Second-hand Hitchings Boiler, No. 15 or 16. One not used over two or three seasons. CUMMINGS & WARE, :J09 \Vasbiii!;tuu St , BOSTON, MASS. SAMUEL S. PENNOCK, Wholesale Florist REMOVED TO REAR OF 42 S. 16th ST., HARDY CUT FERNS LAUREL FESTOONING, ETC. The only place in the world where you can Always get them, H. b;. Martford, 18 Chaimi.in rla mtvale." under the Hmi and Ntylr nf ■KIsIkt Hrntlu-ry^ (_'u." lias been this i!;iy, liv imitual ciKsent. dissolved. Said inisiiiews will he herealier carried on br David hisher alone. wIh) assumes all liabilities of said firm iiud to whom hII claims belonging to siild firm should be paid. Signed DAVID ALLAN. DAVID FISHER. CUT BLOOMS OF ASTERS, Carefully packed and shipped at short notice. Price, |1 00 per 100. Address J. G. BURROW, Fishkill. N. Y. Always mention the American Flo- 1IST when writmg to advertisers. iSgj. The American Florist. 45 E. H. HUNT, WBOLESaiiEpLORIST 79 Lake Street, CHICAGO. Per 100 Perle. NIphetos. Gontler S3.0O®Si.OO Brides. Mermets. La France S.OOSi 4.00 Meteors 5.00 Carnations, short , .50 long 1.00 Adiantum 1 .00 Valley; 3.00 Smllax 12.50(916. OU Fema. common, 30c. per 100; K 60 per 1000. Kennlcou Bros. 60. WHOLESALE CUT FLOWERS, 34 &. 36 RANDOLPH STREET, C7X3:xc:!.A.G-<=>, xxjX^. A. L. RANDALL, Wholesale Florist and Dealer In FLORISTS' SUPPLIES, 126 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. store Closes Nights 9 P. M.; Sunday 2 P. M. NILES CENTER FLORAL CO. Incorporated. WHOLESAI.E GROWERS OF GUT FLOWERSot ALL KINDS and Dealers in FLORISTS' SUPPLIES. CHAS. W. McliELLAK, Mgr. In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange, 45 Lake St., CHICAGO. Wtolesale FLORIST. ee WABASH AVENUE, Telephone 4786. CHICAGO, ILL. T. J. COFiBIil^'y, Wholesale and Ciimmlssion 45 Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. In Chicnso Cut Flower Exchtinge. . . . A. G. PRINCE & CO., Wholesale and Commission FLORISTS, 45 LAKE STREET. In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange. CHICAGO. DAN'L B. LONG, COMMISSION • FLORIST, 495 Washington St., BUFFALO, N. Y. FORCING BULBS, FLORISTS' SUPPLIES, LONG'S FLORISTS' PHOTOGRAPHS. Lists, Terms, &c. on application. H. L SUNDERBRUGH, WHOLESALE FLORISI 4TH & Walnut Streets, Cut Flowers. NEW York, Aug. 15. Roses 1.0UO3.00 Beauty 5.00®15.00 Carnations 2.t<^ .50 Valley 3.00® 4.U0 Sweet Peas, per lOO bunches .50 Asters 1.00 Adlantums 1 .00 Smllax 15.00 Boston. Aug. 15. Roses 3.00® 4.0 Carnatlona 35® 1.00 Lily of the valley 3.00® i 00 Peas,perlOOO 25® .35 Coreopsis, cornflower .50 Asters 1.00 Adiantum 1.00 SmlLix 12.50 Aspara^s plumosus 50.00 PHILADELPHLi, Aug. 15. Roses 2.00® 3.00 •■ Beauties 15.00®20.00 ■' Meteors 11. 00 Carnations 75® 1.00 Asters 1.00 Sweet peas 25® .30 Gladiolus 5.00 Valley 4.00 Pond lilies .50 White hollyhocks 75® 1 .00 Balsams 26® .60 Adiantum 75® 1.00 Smllax 15.00 Asparagus 50.00 CHICAGO, Aug. 15. Roses, Perles. Gulllot, NIphetos 2.00® 3.00 Albany, Bride 3.00® 4.00 Meteor 5.00 Beauties 8.00@15.00 Carnations 50® l.uo Sweet Peas .12 Auratum 11.00® S.OO Gladiolus, longlflorura 4. 00® 0.00 Corntlowers .20 A sters .(iO llullTtiocks. white 1.00 Valley 1.00® 3.00 Dahlias 1.00 Smllax 12.C0®lli.OO Asparagus fid. 00 Peck & Sutherland, Successors to WM. J. STEWART; Gut Flowers i Florists' Supplies -^ WHOLESALE. ^^ 67 Bromfieia Street, BOSTON, M5SS. WHOLESALE FLORISTS, JOBBERS IN . . . . . FLORISTS" SUPPLIES, FLORISTS' VASES. METS, BRIDES, GONTIERS, CARNATIONS, ALWAYS 0^ HAND 1 Music Hall Place, BOSTON, MASS. HORTICOLTUKAL AnCtlONEERS. WELCH BROS., Wholesale Florists, wo. 2 BEACON STREET, Near Tremont St.. BOSTON, MASS. Mention American Florist. Serxd for el Copy TRADE DIRECTORY AND REFERENCE BOOK. PS,ICB S2.00. AMERICAN FLORIST CO . p. O. Drawer 164. ceiC.4GO, ILL. CUT «s:ivi:iIvA.2k:, 15 ct3. per strtnj; till November Ist. (,)uiillty tlrst-clnss. Spectiil attention to orders Uy wire. J. E. BONSALL & SON. 308 Garfield Ave.. Salem. 0. BURNS & RAYNOR. 49 West 28th Street, WHOLESALE DEALERS IN ADD SHIPPERS OF Clxoic© I^^lo-wers. WALTER ¥. SHERIDAN. WHOLESALE 32 West 30th Street, NEW YORK. Roses Sh^pp<;d to 9ll Paints, Price list on applicaiior. HUNTER & FURDY, WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Cut ^Flowers 51 W. 30th St., NEW YORK. FRANK D. HU.NTER. JAIVIES PURDT, Formerly 112 W. 40th 8t JAMES HART, WHOLESALE FLORIST. 117 W. 30th St.. new YORK. The OliJest Established Commission House in N. Y. LARGE SHIPPING TRADE. CAREFUL PACKING. THEO. ROEHRS, WHOLESALE FLORIST, 111 West 30th street, NEW YORK: CITY. Established 1870 MILLANG BROS., Wholesale Florists, 17 WEST 28th STREET, BRANCH: Cut Flower Exchange. 408 E. 34th Street. MICHAEL A. HART, Wholesale! Commission Florist 113 WEST 30TH STREET. THE FINEST ROSES AND CARNATIONS. Branch, at Cut Flower Exchange, 408 E. 34th SI. EDWARD C. HORAN, 34 W. ?9tli Street. NEW YORK, Wholesale Florist Careful Shipping to all parts of the country. Price list on application. (Successor to ELLISON & KUEHN), ■»^ WHOLESALE 8^^ 1122 FIIsrE STE,EET, S^-t. l-^oua-ls, J% JSt:. Ilriil!;e Ave.. JERSEY CITV. N. J. PRIMROSES. Fine stocky plants, now ready for 3-in. pots. Flowers brilliant colors; large; fringed; blooming upon tall stems. 12 sorts. Price for the slDBle perllK) plants. ¥2.50 per lUtO plants. 20.00 double (white & red) per luu. 6.00 We send additional plants with every order to help puy the e.\pres8 charges. Address HEHBY S. RTTFP & SONS. Shiremaustown,! I'li. LILIUM HARRISII FOR EXHIBITION Vcrv choice and scarce. purposes and for growing SPECIMEN PLANTS. Price, $25.00 per 100. Also a fine lot of 5 to 7, and 9 to 11 Price, 5 to 7, $3.00 per 100; $25.00 per 1000. Price. 9 to 11, $12.00 per 100. F. R. PIERSON COMPANY, TUBEROUS ROOTED BEGONIA PLANTS. STRONG, YOUNG POT GROWN PLANTS. Ready to bloom. Will make fine plants for fall sales. ln4colors. Price, $12 00 per 100. F. R. PIERSON COMPANY, TARRYTOWN-ON-HUDSON, N. Y. SMILAX. Per 100 Per 1000 From 2 '4 -inch pots f 3 00 $25.00 '• 2-inch pots 2 50 20.00 " Thumbs 2 00 15.00 Also a limited quantity of PANDANUS UTILI' and LATANIA BORBONICA. strong plants, from 4-iuch pots. Price on application. NATHAN SMITH & SON 167 W. RRaumee St., Adrian, Mich. CYCLAMEN GROWER, WANDSBEK-MARIENTHAL, near Hamburg, <3r tl Xt 3Vt -a. PffTT , Offers CVCt>A3lKN SKEU, STOLDT'S HY- I5KIUS. First-class seed, are acknowledged to be un&urpaBsed by all authorities In Europe, at the foi- lowinp prices, including postage: Bright dark red per 100 corms. 50 cts. Rose or Marientbal " " 50 cts. Katchen Stoldt. pure white " " To cts. White, with carmine eye.. '" " :SJ cts. CASH WITH ORDERS. Bulbs * Plants. FOK CAT.'VI.OGUES, ADDRESS C. H. JOOSTEN, IIHPORTER, 3 COENTIES SLIP. NEW YORK. Cyclamen Seeds. KOCHS SUPERB PRIZE CYCLAMEN. THE Fin EST SIR AIM IN THE WORLD. Brit'ht (lark red IIOO seeds !4.50 UiisiMit Miirientlml 11X0 seeds 4..TU wnite with carmine eye lOtiO seeds o.T.S M.int llhinc. extra 1000 seeds C.K Cash with order. LUDWIG KOCH. Wandsbek, Hamburg. Germany. On Commission. If you wish to purchase at the lowest rates, or to accept consignments for sale on commission, of Belgium articles, such as Azalea indica. Palms, Dracsnas, etc., please write for list and conditions of sale. Ad- dress M K L, care Am. Florist, Chicago, 6lioiG6 Lily o! 1116 YallGu Pips. Ernst Reimschneider, Altona, Hamburg. For Fall Importation. Catalogues free on appllca on to his solo agents. C. C. ABEL & CO.. P. 0. Box 920. New York. FIELD GROWN CARNATIONS. Fine healthy plants for Winter Bloom. W. R. SHELMIRE, CHESTER CO.. AVONDALE, PA. Send for Circular. CARNATIONS. A SPECIALTY. Full stock of all the new and leading varieties. Rooted Cuttings, Young Plants, and Field orown Plants in season. Get our prices before purchas- "'^' GEO. HANCOCK, GRAND HAVEN, MICH. CARNATIONS Rooted Cuttings all sold or planted out. FIELD GROWH PLANTS IN SEASON. Correspondence Solicited. C J. PENNOCK, The Pines, Chester Co.. KEXNETT SQCJAKE, PA. CARNATIONS THE LEADING VARIETIES. R. T. LOMBARD, Way land, Xlass CARNATIONS, Grace Wilder, Tidal Wave and Silver Spray, BOUVABDIAS, Pres. Cleveland, Pres. Garfield and Bridal Bouquet, single white. Also Kentias, Arecas, Latania Borbonica, etc. Ready Sept. 1st. WM. A. BOCK, N Cambridge. Mass. 10,000 80RPL0S CARNATIONS Nice, healthy plants from field. Send list of your wants, as they must be sold. BENJAMIN CONNELL, Please mention the American Flo- rist every time you write any of the advertisers on this page. 48 The American Florist. Aug. 17^ St. Louis. The florists from all over this broad country have come and gone and the con- vention of 1893 is a thing of the past; to the St. Louis florists, although it has been a busy time, it has also been a most pleasant one, giving us a chance of mak- ing and renewing pleasant acquaintances as vyell as enabling us to offer the hospi- tality of our cit3', in return for the many enjoyable times had in attending the various conventions of the S. A. F. The Washington and Philadelphia delegations arrived Tuesday evening, the 8th, vfith President Smith; the Chicago, Neve York, Boston, and Cincinnati people came in on Wednesday morning and most all veere quartered at either the Southern orRozier hotels, these being favored as a person desired American or European plan. Thf attendance as a whole was not as large as was expected, but taking all things into consideration was very iair. The sessions were well attended and all the papers were listened to with marked attention, calling forth considerable dis- cussion. Attending the entertainments provided by the local club occupied all the time between sessions and consisted of a carriage ride Wednesday, passing the new Union Depot, and also through La Fayette, Tower Grove and Forest parks and to the city again by way of Lindell avenue. A visit to the Missouri Botan- ical Gardens upon invitation of the directors on Thursday where a lunch was served, after viewing the gardens; for Friday afternoon a trip to the Anheuser- Busch Brewery where all were shown vhe workings of the largest brewery in the states, and where a lunch accompanied by unlimited liquid refreshments of a cer- tain kind was served. And in the evening a trip by all the ladies and several gentle- men under the guidance of Mr. Harry Chandler to the Southside park where racing is indulged in every evening with the aid of electric lights. On Saturday the bowlers held high carnival at the Pastime Athletic Club, the New York team winning both the Spaul- ding and St. Louis cups. The prize for the highest individual score however went to W. K. Harris of the Philadelphias, which team also ranked second on aver- age score, St. Louis and Chicago follow- ing in the order named. Washington entered the evening before but did not show up to compete. In the afternoon a trip to Brownhurst upon invitation of Mrs. A. S. Brown was taken by most all the members and was much enjoyed. Most all delegates left about 8:30 Satur- day evening the special late train being abandoned, and they were thus enabled to see only a part of the illumination of the city, which was to be regretted as it was worth seeing. Taking it all in all the convention may be said to be a success and the only hope expressed here is that our visitors en- joyed their visit as much as we enjoved having them with us. R. F. T. FLORISTS' LETTERS. WK'KE STII,t IN IT. nK*PITK KE- I-OKTS TO THE CONTKARY. TliecliilmiQ pati'nt No. 4II7.:)31 . held by the Bciston Florist r.ctter <■(,.. reads: "A Horlsfs fl^re stamper! from a Hheet tif material, aijproprlately coltjretl. and havlmr a Hock made ftf fratrments of flnwers, more or leBB comminuted. HUhstantlally as deMcribcil." My letters are manufactured of nuthint: covered In above claim. These lettorM are made In three ntylcs. 2-Inch Standanl. Mncli Heavy and P .-inch Standard. Price '.i ets per letli^r: each letter liavlnu a fastener attached til ll]e haek 'if the letter: nut eoverhn: tlie face of tlie letter. Seeing; Is bellcvlnt:; ttiendDre if in need of letters wend forsamtdesof tbe"'niiiili inlerinr' and judfxe for yourself, dias K .^lont^^iniHTV. lOi WashluKton St.. \VlLl.l.\ mm'uu I , I'A Salteh Bkos., Kocbestcr, N.y. Aiits. for Western N. 1' Roses 1 ffliter Flowerli ■\Ve still have fine stocks of the two leaders, I. American Beauty, Bridesmaid, Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, Perle, Mermet, Cusin, Niphetos, etc. Write us for quotations stating quantities and kinds wanted. Our large handsomely illustrated catalogue mailed free on application. Silver Cup awarded us for Meteor Roses, ex- hibited at Madison Square Garden, 1892, for best 23 Red Roses of any variety. F. R. Pierson Company, Tarrytown-on-hudson, N. Y. laaaaar -*■■*■-■*■ r>~'*"^r-r '"•'" ■■■*'-■■■-'— ~~-~~-~~ SELECT PANSY SEED • •• Trade Pkts., 500 Seeds Each. ••• Per Pkt. Giant Five Spot, - 45c Giant Trimardeau Mix, 15c Per Pkt. - 2tC Bugnot, Cardinal, Cassier's Giant, - .Delicata, ^Dark Purple, Deep Indigo Blue Emperor William, English Face, Fawn Color, - Fire King, Giant Blacit, - Giant Beaconsfield,43c ! Giant Pure Gold, 40c Giant Striped, - Giant Purple. - Giant Three Spot, 40c 24c 10c 10c 10c tOc 12c 10c 24c 40c 45c 40c 40c Gold Margined, King of the Blacks, - Light Blue, - Lord Beaconsfield, - Pelargoniflora, Prince Bismarl(, Pure Yellow, Quadricolor, - Red Victoria, Rose Marbled, - Rosy Morn, - Striped and Mottled, Snow Queen, 10c 10c 10c 10c 12c 12c 10c 10c 30c lOc 24c lOc lOc VioletMargined White, lOc BARGAIN OFFER! I DON'T BUY MIXED PANSY { j-uu are planting. Gri.-s^G xuie a. * 1 MISS C. H. LIPPINCOTT, t To introduce my seeds to florists, I will t^end one tradr j'^''l^''t' each IL 32 VARIETIES 5oS srods, ( equal % iv/.. ) liy ni;iil. re- gistered fur ~ CCCnC ^henyou can purchase in separate ^9^^ B^^^^ wCCllw colors at the same priee and know just exactly T\hat r Flower Seeds Exclusively, Sfi?i5'EiU*i:il! ISo™. ywww^w»w»<»wir<»'»'^»'*ww Siebreclit&Wadley, rose hill nurseries, New Roghelle, n. Y, Palms, ORCHIDS Roses, FRESH DRACAENA CANES NOW READY. The Finest Stock in the World. Thirty minutes from London. Onr Mr. A Dlmmock will be pleaHed to Interview buyers or reply to any communication addressed to him at20eQreenwlch Street. New York City Established and Imported ORCHIDS. Ig. FORSTERMAN, Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. Auguste van Geert, Ghent, Belgium. (ESTAISLISHED 1808.) K. J. KUYK, SUCCESSOR. Special Culture for ihe Trade. ANDROMEDA JAPONICA, CROTONS, ANTHURIUMS. DRAC/ENAS, ARALIA KERKHOVEANA. ERICAS. SIEBOLDII, EURYA LATIFOLIA, VEiTCHii, Lilacs FOR FORCING Araucarias. metrosideros semp., ASPARAGUS PLU. NANUS, OPHIOPOGON Jaburan. f.v ASPIDISTRA, ORCHIDS. / AZALEAS. Palms, BAY TREES, PANDANUS, CAMELLIAS. RHODODENDRONS, And full strain of Rare Plants and Novelties BULB FARMS '^t HILLEGOM, HOLLAND. iSS^Ask for catalogue and prices, if not already received. TRY DREER'S Garden Seeds, Plants, Bulbs & Requisites. They are the best at the lowest prices. Trade List is- sued quarterly, mailed free to the trade only. HKNKY A. DKEEK. Fhiladelpliia, Pa. Mention American Florist. jSgs- The American Floris 49 BEAUTY :i?ki. A.. and BRIDESMAID, fine 3-inch now ready for plant- ing, $8 00 per 100. Also Perlc, Meteor, Cusiu, _ Wootton, Soupert, Hoste, Sunset, Mermet ^ and Bl^ide, $6 per 100. a splendid stock tor belated planters. ROSES BRIDES, MERMETS, BON SILENE, NIPHETOS, CUSINS, WATTEVILLES AND JACQUEMINOTS. 25,000 fine plants in 3-inch pots, at a bargain. W>II quote you prices on application. IF WANTED SPEAK QUICK. ROSES int. F=>iE:i=?^cz)r>j,^ 5CRON1WELL, CONK. Hybrid Perpetual Roses, Worked low on the Manettl Stock, offer the best re- sults to the florist, blooming freely and ^'Iving plenty of cuttings for propagating quickly. Fine plants for sale by the lOU or lUOO. at low rates. Price Lists to applicants. Address WILLIAM H. SPOONER, JAMAICA PLAIN, (Boston). MASS. TEAS $30.00 per 1000 HYBRIDS 40.00 per 1000 Healthy plants, in 2-incli pots. Also healthy plants of the Newest Chrysanthe mums, and general greenhouse stock. Trade list on application. WRITE FOR PRICES. ICexxit:>Xe» F^lor^l Co., OSKAI,OOSA, IOWA. 1 Ihe Grand new Forcing Rose. ^ \ A !I*rlces und full particulars ou application. | John Burton. Chestnut nilt. Philadelphia J 10,000 Gen. Jacqueminots. Pot Growu on their own Roots. From 5-in. Pots, 16 in. to 18 in. high, S8.0O per 100 From 4 in. Pots, 12 in. to 15 in. high, $6.00 per 100 ENGLISH IVIES, Pot Grown, one year old, 3 to 5 feet high, So.OO per 100. Cash with orders. When ordering give direc- tions how to ship. JOHN RECK, Bridgeport, Connecticut. ROSES. ROSES. ROSES. Large stock, best varieties, in fine condition for imme- diate plantlnK. 3-lD. %' per lUO; 4-ln. 111. Adlantum cuneatum. :>inch. K>.(X) per Ml. Double White Primtiias. 2-inch, $11.00 per WO. 100 varieties best Old and New Ciirvsantliemums, 2>^,- Inch pots. Si.OU per 100; J-inch pots, S»;.l» per lOU. General greenhouse stocli, ail sizes. Low prices. Address HCBPIEe-S' SJVXITSX* 130 Monroe St., Grand KapUls, Mich. TJ/VjJT^^ Kino iiealtiiv plants, .lust wluit you want XbUoJl/ij. lor fiirolng, at tlie following low prices; Bride 2l«-in. $4.00 per 100; Mn. JT.OO per 11)0 Mermet "•• 4.00 •• 7.00 Perle •• 4 00 " •■ 7.00 Wootton ■■ 4.U0 •■ ■■ 7.00 Beauty " 5.0O ■• " 8.00 ■• Mme. Hoste " 4.0U " - 7.00 Bennett " 4.00 ■' ■' 7.00 Albany " 4.00 ■■ ■' 7.00 NEWJSri- & KIDD, (Successors to F. Wiisoni, 2:!20 St. .loseph Ave., ST .JOSEPH, MO. SURPLUS STOCK OF ROSES. STRO.NG. HEALTHY PLANTS. :«) Mermets. 4-ln per 100, $7 00 :«K) Mermets. :Hn ... " 6 00 aOO Brides, ii-in " 5 00 Grand llapids, - - !>licbig:an. ROSES. STRONG FIELD GROWN PLANTS; VARIETIES SUITABLE FOR FLORISTS' USE. LARGELY GEN. JACQUEMINOT, MRS. J. H. LAING, ULRICH BRUN- NER, MAGNA CHARTA, Pr. CAMILLE DE ROHAN, PAUL NEYRON, MARSHALL P. WILDER, ANNA DE DIESBACH, ALFRED COLOMB, ETC., ETC. A FULL ASSORTMENT OF MOSS AND HARDY CLIMBERS. Xr?FF ROSFS A splendid stock, fine smooth I t\LL r\wO'^vJ» bodies, strong two year heads. Our usual complete assortment of Trees, Shrubs, Bulbs, Plants, Etc. CORRESPONDENCE AND INSPECTION INVITED.^ THE STORRS & HARRISON GO., PAINESVILLE. OHIO. 10,000 FIRST QUALITY FORGING ROSES Fully equal to those sold last year, and perfectly healthy in every respect. LA. FBANCE, 3-inch pots, $0.00 per hundred; 4-lneh pots, $12.00 per hundred. MERMET, BON SILENE, MME. HOSTE, PEKLE DES JABDINS, SAFKANO. MME. CUSIN, 3-lnch pots, $7.00 per 100; 4-incli pots, $10.00 per 100. SJVI:IIvA.3K;. strong plants, 2><-inch pots, S2,50 per hundred; J20.00 per thousand. J. Hv- r>xrvi:4-incli pots 2.50 'iO.OO Lots of other Fine Stock. Send for new list. WOOD BROTHERS, Mention the American Florist when writing to advertisers on this p^ge. A NICE LOT OF YOUNG ROSES, in 3 and 4-inch pots. Mermets, Brides, La France, Gontiers, Niphetos, Wootton, Waban, Brunner, Etc., Etc., 3-inch pots, |6.00 per 100. SEND lis A TKIAL OKDEK, La Roche & Stahl, Chestnut and 13th Sts.. PHILADELPHIA. PA. Mention the American Fiorist when writing to advertisers on th.s page. 50 The American Florist. Aug. 17, Chicago. A great many of our florist friends are in town this week, homeward bound after theconvention. OnSunday Lincoln and Washington Parks were largely visited by them, and all unite in praising the beautiful conservatory and natural planting of Lincoln Park, and the formal bedding at Washington Park. On Mon- day the florists were scattered all over the Fair, from the gunboat to the Ferris wheel Among those who were registered in Chicago were: W. J. Stewart. Boston; W A Manda, Short Hills, N. J.; Grove P ' Rawson, Elmira, N. Y : Robt. Craig and wife, Philadelphia: W. H Taplin, Holmesburg, Pa.; Wm.Schrav St. Loms; ex-President W. R. Smith, Washington; F W Tbielman, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Wm. Plumb, West Atlanta, Ga.; Joseph E. Monaghan, Quebec; W.L Bates Topeka, Kas ■ R Maitre, New Orleans; H. Daihe- douze, P. Dailledouze J. S'veiser, Flat- bush N Y.; Robt. Kift and wife, Phila- delphia; E. Hippard, Youngstown, Ohio; P O'Mara, New York; H. Sunderbruch, Cincinnati; J. G. Esler, Saddle River, N T- Chas Rauss, Detroit; Karl A. Kumpl, Buffalo- Frank McMahon, Seabnght, N T • C' L. Allen, Floral Park, N.Y.; John Eblen New Orleans; John Barclay, with Tohn Gardiner & Co., Philadelphia. Mrs H H. Berger and daughter, San Francisco, arrived in the city on the 14th inst and are at the Auditorium Hotel. They missed the St. Louis convention, but will attend the Horticultural Con- o-ress and visit the World's Fair. A party of the visiting members oi the Society of American Florists called upon Director General Davis on Monday after- noon, August 13, and had the pleasure of a very pleasant informal interview, in which the Director General expressed his pleasure at meeting them, and spoke in words of high appreciation of the import- ance of floriculture and gratification at the work which members ot the b. A. l-. had done for that particular department of the World's Fair. The Horticultural Society of Chicago will give a reception and banquet to the prominent people in attendance at the Horticultural Congress, Friday even- ing (18th inst.), at 7 o'clock, at the Union League Club. , ^ ^ , ^, Business is altogether flat and unprofit- able, and there is nothing doing at a 1. Flowers are rather poor all around. July was not a very dull month compared with some previous seasons, but August is verv flat. Roses are improving a little, though still small, but stock from young nlantsis better thanitwas. O. P. Bassett is sending in some nice stock. Beauties, Albany, etc., and also a few Mme. Caro- line Testout. Peries continue fair in ''"/sters are overwhelmingly plentiful, and sell but pooriy; some dealers say less than previous vears. Scabios is also plentiful; the white sells fairly for funeral work, butcolors are not cared for. Gladio- lus is very plentiful, but does not sell extra well- in a good many cases the flowers are rather small. Sweet peas are drop- ping out, and carnations are poor. Smilax is not very plentiful^ COPYRIGHTS. THE BEST ARE THE CHEAPEST. SIZE is a strong point in Pansies; when you combine size, color, substance and form thev are pret°y near right. By careful hybridization and selection 1 have accomplished this an'd the Pansies 1 send out this Fall will be an agreeable surprise, even to for- er customers. If you buy Pansies 1 would be pleased to correspond with you they will be oftered for sale from Aug. 20th to Dec. 1st, at 75c. per 100 or $5 per 1000. Terms cash with order or C. C D. No seed for sale. I.. B. 496. ALBERT M. HERR, Lancaster. Pa. ZIRNGIEBEL'S Giant Market and Giant Fancy are without question the most popular strains in cultivation up to date. TRADE MARKS. THCHJ OISTIv'Sr New Seed ready now, in trade packages of either strain, at onedollar each. PLANTS FOR SALE. Denys Zirngiebel, NEEDHAM, MASS. PANSIES. During the season we shall have plants of best German strain of Pansies, at lowest prices. BRAUER &, RICHTER, McCONNELS\aLLE, OHIO. ransies Worth Ralsino. for a professional florist are those which bring the highest price in the market when brought into competition with others. . • »,, Ask the auctioneers in New York what tney know about my stock, and it their answer is favorable to me, you know where to get seed or '''seed of this YEAR'S CROP, Sl.OO per package of about 2000 grains; S5.00 per ounce. PLANTS FROM SEED BED SEPT. 1: Ordinary size So 00 per 1000; large size $10.00 per 1000. . Large orders, fair discount. Ordinary size by mail $1.00 per 100. CASH WITH ORDER. No trash shipped, and all plants well packed. CHRISTIAN SOLTAU, 199 Grant Avenue. JERSEY CITY, H. J. The seed may also be obtained of JAMES M. THORBURN & CO., 15 lohn St., N. Y. Swainsona galegifolia alba. Nice young plants in 2]im. pots, S3.00 per dozen. STOCK LIMITED. EDWIN LONSDALE, WYNDMOOR. near Chestnut Hill, PHILADELPHIA Money Order Oflice Station "G " Fhlla. SMILAX AND ASPARAGUS TBAINEO OIT GBEISIT Are in the best possible condition for the market. For particulars address JOHH C. MEYER & CO., 289 DEVONSHIRE ST., BOSTON, MASS. HEADQUARTERS for WATER LILIES SEEDS, TUBERS AND PLANTS, ready for shipment at all seasons and to all parts of the world. Don't fail to inspect our Columbian Ex- hibit at the World's Fair. Illustrated Catalogue on application. WM. TRICKER. °°KrJ'Y"o'BV'^ SOLICITOR OF U. S. AND FOREIGN PATENTS. Atlantic ISuilding, Washington, U. C. (Send sketch or model for free examination as to patentability.) PANSY PLANTS for fall. Choicest strains. CYCLAMENS, both 1 and 2 year bulbs. Prices on application. CLEMATIS, large flowering, for fall delivery. A veiy large stock and assortment. Write for prices I can suit you both on plants and prices. F. A. ISALLER, Blooinlnston, lU. KST.\BLlSllf:D IX l^U'.l. G. BENARD.^r'^^n^c^" ROSES and YOUNG PLANTS a specialty. Largestockof fine transplanted Ampelopsis Veitchii, at reduced prices accordmg to quantity. Catalogue sent free to applicants. Agents for the United States. C. RA0UX,296 Pearl St., New York, N. Y. E. BENARD, P. 0. Box 620, San Diego. Cal. When writing to any of the advertisers on this page please mention the American Florist. PANSY SEED. PANSY The .Jennings strain of large flowering and Fancy Pansies. new crop now ready 8 pounds o* seed and over fmim plants were sold last season. 'This strain fs populirand why? Because ijlorists can depend on getting only First Class Stock. 1 shall sell no other. My ata is to supply the best Finest Mixed, all colors trade pkt. SOU seeds 25c. ; lUOO seeds »l)c. ; im seeds Sl.OO. per ounce SH.OU. Pure White (tiie Anest) trade pkt 60e andSl.OO; Golden Yellow, dark eye. trade pkt. 6Uc. and $1.00. Send for price list for other varieties. Pansy Plants, ready Septemtjer 1 to December 26, any size wanted, cold frame size liSc. per 100 by mall. Sa.UU peflOiX) by express; 5.000 ?->0. Large flowering plants & per 100 ; 58.00 per 1000. Cash with order. ADDKESs E. B. JENNINGS, WHOLESALE PANSY GROWEK, Lock box 254 SOUTHPOKT, CONN. When writing mention the AJiiERiCAX Florist. ROEMER'S SUPERB PRIZE PANSIES The finest strain of Pansies In the World. Introducer and Gr. wer of all the lead- ing Novelties. Catalogue free on application. FRED. ROEMER.SEEDGROWEH, QUEDLINBURG, GERMANY. E. G.HILL & CO., wtioi6sai6 Florists RICHMOND, INDIANA. PANSIES. Fresh Seed of my carefully selected strain of Pansies. Trade pkt. (lOOO seeds), 50c. Plants ready in September. ADOLF STAHL, Johnstown, Pa. Mention American FloiiBt. EXTRA PANSY SEED. A grand 2j!^?c^on*of 5an"^^"™r^g'"vSh.tles. very large of perfect form: and choice colors; carefully seSed receive high praise from my customers: tev t?r than ever' no finer strain offered anywhoro. Every florfst s".ou?d sow of It. Trade pkt.. 600 seeds, 2= cts.; """"JohSiV.''ku'pP, SMremaustown, Pa. Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. i893- The American Florist, 51 A FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE OF MERIT oro H. BAYERSDORFER & CO. THE BEST EXHIBIT OF FLORISTS' SUPPLIES. The only Certificate of Merit awarded for Florists' Supplies at the S. A. F. Convention at St. Louis. We offer you the same quality of goods as comprised the above exhibit. FIRST-CLASS IN QUALITY. REASONABLE IN PRICE. H. BAYERSDORFER & CO., PHILADELPHIA, PA. 56 North 4th Street, CA-TA-IvOOUBS leBAr*^". PiinD FlnWOrC new crop in best white UapS nUnCIO) quality at $1.00 the Ib.; 10 It), lots, %9 net. PWMC I DSiVOC (Sago Palms), natural UjbaO LCaiGO prepared, equal to fresh cut in appearance, from 2S-in. upwards, at 4Cc., 45c., 50c., 60c., 75c. and $1.00 each, ac- cording to length. Metal Designs, r^s "^^t. latest French styles, from 50 cents net apiece upwards. PjIQl/ptc of all styles. Plain and Fancy, DQOIVCIO for School Commencements, Dinners, Receptions, Favors, etc. Supplies of all kinds, ^^"uet Pape^t Wax Paper, Foil, Immortelles, Letters, Wire Designs, FuneralSheaves, Doves, etc. For prices consult our Trade Catalogue, mailed free. August Riilker & Sons, 136 & 138 W. 24ih St., P. 0. Station E. New York. MflRSGHUETZ & GO.. Florists' SuDDiies, 23 & 25 N. 4th St.. PHILADELPHIA, PA. Seud for r^tainmif ^^-p^. When you write to any of the ad- vertisers in this paper please say that you saw the advertisement in the American Florist. W.C.KRICK'S PATENT Florists' Letters, Etc. Highest Awjrd wher- ever exhibited. These Letters are made of the best im- mortelles, wired on wood or metal frames having holes drilled in them to insert toothpicks, by which to fasten them in the design. All infringe- ments prosecuted. 2-inch Letters. $3 00 per 100. Postage, I5c. per 100. Before purchasing send for free sample and Catalogue and com pare with any other letter in the market. W. C. KRICK. 1287 Broadway. BROOKLYN. N. Y. Agents:— J. C. Vauqhan. Chicago. HI.; H. Bat EUSJ)ORFEK & Co.. Phlia., Pa.; N. Steffens. N. Y.; AUG. ROLKBH&SONS. N. Y. j Hd. S.ScHMiD. Wash- ington. D. C; Jambs Vice's Sons. Rochester N. Y.; T. W.Wood & Sons, Richmond, Va.; J. A. Sim- mers, Toronto. Ont. Mention American Florist WHITE DOVES FOR FL.ORISTQ, Largest and finest stock in the United States. Write for prices to s. J. isussisx^i:^, 850 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N. J. FOR SALK 15Y Messrs. F. E. McAllister. A. Her- rmann. N. StelTens and Reed & Keller. New York; W. 0- Kriek, Brnuklyn.N. Y.; IL Bayersdorfer & Co.. Ernst Kaiifmuiiii ami Mnrschuetz \ Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; C. Kilisiim X Sons. Trpiiton. N. J.; .1. M. McCullOUgh's yons anil It. V- rrltchell A Co., Cincinnati. O.; J. C. VnuKliiin. CliicaKo. ill.; Wisconsin Flower Exchange and Currie Bros.. Milwaukee, Wis.; C. A. Kuehn, S. Mount iV Co., C. Young & Sons Co., Wm Ellison and .Jordan Floral Co., St. IX)uis. Mo.; Ed. S. Schmld. Washington. D. C: G. W. Currey & Co. and Eckhardt A Co.. Nashville. Tenn.; T. W. Wood A: Sons, Rich- mond, Va.; U. .1. Virgin, New Orleans, La.; D. B. Long. Buffalo. N. V.; F. C. Huntington \ Co., Indian- apolis, Ind.; J. A. Simmers, Toronto, Ont. Mention American Florist BOSTON FLORIST LETTER CO., 13 Green Street, BOSTON, MASS. Address all correspondence to 1 Music Hall Place. MannfacHre THE BEST LETTERS IN THE MARKET. sizes 1^-lncta and 2-liich. 12 00 per 100. Patent fastener with each letter. With orders for 500 letters we give away a nicely stained and varnished box. See cut in next week's American Florist. Our letter is handled by all the wholesalers in Boston. AGENTS: Marschuetz & Co., 26 N. 4th St., Philadel- phia, Pa ; A. Rolker & Sons, New York; F. E. Mc- Allister. 22 Dey St.. N. Y.: Ernst Kanfmann & Co., 113 North Fourth Street, Philadelphia; H. Bayers- dorfer & Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; A. D. Perry & Co., 33 Warren Street, Syracuse, N. Y.; A. C. Kendal, lie Ontario St., Cleveland, O.; B. H. Hunt, 79 Lake St., Chicago; Wisconsin Flower Bxchange, 131 Mason St.. Milwaukee, Wis. ; H. Sunderbruch, 4th and Walnut Sts., Cincinnati. O.; T. W. Wood & Sons, tjth and Marshall Sis., Richmond, Va.; Jas. Vick's Sons, Rochester, N. Y.; Dan'l B- Lone. ButTalo, N. v.: C. A. Kuehn. St. Louis, F. C. Huntington & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. .T. A. Slmuiers. Toronto. Ont.. Airt for CanadH Ernst Kaufmann & Co., Florists' SuDDiies, 113 NORTH 4th Street. • PHILADELPHIA, PA. CDl_JF=? Sash Lifter^ Hinges will do the work and cost you less than any other. Send your name and address and we will mail you description and price. BAY STATE HARDWARE CO. 373 Freeport Street, BOSTON, MASS. Mention American Florist. You will benefit the American Florist by mentioning it every time you write an advertiser in these columns. 52 The American Florist. Aug. //, Toronto. Everybody is praising the convention number and Columbian souvenir of the American Floeist. It certainly must be acknowledged that it beats the record in the line of horticultural newspapers. The Toronto Gardeners' and Florists' Association had its first annual picnic on Wednesday. The members, their wives and children, their sweethearts, brothers, sisters, cousins, aunts, etc., turned out in great force, all bound to have a good time. The sky was cloudless and the place selected all that could be desired- shady and secluded. The cricket match between the east and west siders was the first event. The ground was not exactly as level as a billiard table and the batters were a little uncertain whether the ball would light on their pet corns or on their heads, but the result of the match was rather a surprise and a source of not a little pride to the winners. The east end eleven contained four or five members of a crack cricket club who do a lot of prac- ticing and it was almost a foregone con- clusion that the west end would be snowed under, but owing to careful play, hard hitting and lots of good luck the west end managed to come in at the fin- ish two runs ahead— 37 to 35— the east enders coming in for lots of chaff. The tug of war also between the east and west created lots of fun and excite- ment, and in this event the west (it is said with the assistance of the ladies) redeemed their honor and managed to pull the east end over the mark twice out of three times. Children's races, ladies' races, fat men's races, thin men's races, bald headed men's races and three legged races were also participated in until din- ner was called, when all sat down with keen appetites and polished off all the good things the committee had provided. Those who could fling the light fantastic toe then adjourned to the verandah of a large old fashioned house near by and danced till dark, when all returned home well satisfied with the first attempt cf the association in this line of amusement. Sir D. S. Macpherson has presented his large collection of palms, cycads and greenhouse plants to the Horticultural Gardens on certain conditions. Need- less to say that the gift will be accepted and conditions complied with. With the present mayor and most of the aldermen horticulture is quite a minor consideration in municipal mat- ters, but it is sincerely to be hoped that John Chambers will be able to drive into their thick skulls the value of the gift and make them provide a decent place to put it in. If John cannot do it they are past redemption indeed. E. t FLORISTS' HOSE, ' MuUc by K. W. Holt. mciubLT uf tlie So- • nluty ol" Atiierlcan l-'lorlyts. ^ Goodyear Rubber Store, 2 W. 14TH ST. NEW YOR K.t Please mention the American Florist every time you write to an advertiser. SPECIAL -S10.00- OFFER, FOR A LIMITED PERIOD ONLY. To introduco our specialtie.s we make this .special offer of '^^^^^l STOTT DISTRIBUTER. 1 STOTT SPRAYER The best madO 20 lbs. KILLMRIGHT isonous, but 6.\} IU3. rviLLl irvivjll ■ Death to Insects.) KOR »fO CASM. Will clean your Greenhouses and out-door plants of Aphis, Mealy Bug, Cater- pillar and other insects. Order through ygur seedsman, or direct of THE STOTT GARDEN IMPL'T CO., 136 Liberty Street, ■ NEW YORK Endorsed by leading Florists everywhere. With proper use. satisfaction guaranteed. TO STOTT GARDEN IMP'T CO., 1.36 Liberty Street, New York. Dear Sirs:— We have been using your Distributer and Killmright for six months and consider it a good thing. It is the best thing ever got out. For roses it is particularly good. It cures a rose plant of black spot and mildew and keeps them in a healthy and gu>wiug condition. We never use tobacco smoke now. It will certainly ultimately kill the mealy bug. We will keep it right along and waut nothing else. Signed, BOLANZ BROS., Akron, O. HOW TO CROW CUT FLOWERS. A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE CULTIVATION OF THE ROSE, And Other Flowering Plants for Cut Flowers, sent to any address •ipon receipt of $2.O0. IVI. S.. hunt, Xcrrc Haute, Ind. SCOLLAY'S IMPROVED PUTTY BULB, For Glazing Sash, Etc. — ALSO THE — Patent Plant Sprinkler For sale by your Seedsman, or sent, postpaid, for SI. 00. JOHN A. SGOLLAY, 74 & 76 Myrtle Ave,, BROOKLYN, N. Y. Send Stamp for Catalogrne, CUTS! Wood Engraving, Zinc Etching, Half=Tone, Wax Engraving, Photo ■ Engraving, Designing. IVtAN^ & GO., ^*'* CHICAGO^***' ENGRAVERS. Mention American Florist. THE PERFECT DRAINAGE BENCH TILE For circulars, etc., address W. P. Wight, Upland Green Houses, Send your business card. MADISON. N. J. LITTLE'S AITIPEST. A Valuable Discovery of the 19th Century. SILVER MEDAL AWARDED BT THE CALIFORNIA STATE FAIR OF 1890. This preparation Is a sure destroyer ol the Scale, Wooiy Aphis and Insect Pests of any and all descriptions. It may be as freely used in the conservatory, garden and greenhouse as in the orchard or vine- yard. It is non-poisonous and harmless to vegetation when diluted and used according to directions. It mixes instantly with cold water in any proportion. It is Safe, Sure and Cheap. No fruit grower or florist should be without it. Send for Circulars and Price £lst. R. W. CARMAN, General Agent, 291 AMITY Street, FLUSHING, Queens, Co., N. Y. IMPROVED GLAZIfilG. Zinc Joints for buttlnu glass without laps. No leakage. No sUtllng of wlasa. Practically air tight. Keeps out cold winds, thereby saving fuel. No laps, saves enough glass to pay for tlrj zincs. No breakage of glass on account of frost or Ice. Some of the larg- est gi'owers In tlie country are using **Oa8ser's Patent Zinc Joints" wltli entire satisfaction. Write for sample and price list. J. nA. GAS6ER, FLORIST. 101 KucliKVKI.ANI). O Vaughan's Solid_Stcel Trowel. NEVER WEARS ^___ OUT. Price, 50c.; by mail, 60c. VAUGHAN'S SEED STORE, NEW YORK. „ CHICAGO, ae Barclay Street. P. O. Box 688. i893- The American Florist. 53 HOT-AIR WATER For Yoyr GREEN HOUSE, ROSE HOUSE, NURSERY, Conservatory, Lawn, ' House,Garden, Stock krany other purpose. Send for Illustrated Catalogue ilELAMATER-RIDER AND PUMPING DeLAMATER-ERICSSON rupiyr PUMPING hNblNt. ENGINE. Tlieir operation ie so eimi'le and safe that a child can run them They will pump water from shallow Btreanis or any kind of well. Thev can he arranged for anv kind of fuel Capacity 1.500 to 30.000 gallons of water a day. according to size. The De Lamater Iron Works, 87 Soulh Filfh Avenue. NtW YQRrv, N. Y. THE CHAMPION fluiomaiic Veniiiaior. The cheapest, easiest to operate, and by far the best machine In the market. Don't buy a Venti- lator until you have seen my Illustrated deecrlptlve circular, which will be sent you free, plving prices, etc. Also Champion Soil Fulverizer and Sifter. Address, R, :^, 'WOlUr'', Box 114. SPRINGFIKLD. <). Mention American Florist. SUCCESSFUL GROWERS USE THE BEST VENTILATING APPLIANCES. The Champion Ventilaiing fpparaius canuot be equaled in poiut of CHEAPNESS, DURABILITY OR EFFICIENCY. t^~("lrL'ulHr Is yiiurs for the asking. AddreMs AMERICAN ROAD MAt'HlNK CO.. . . . . Keuoett Square. Pa. EVANS' IMPROVED CHALLENGE VENTILATING APPARATUS Write for Illustrated Catalogue. QUAKER CITY MACHINE WORKS. Richmond. Ind. FLORAL DESIGHS The Cut Flower Worker's Friend. Fine book of ItiO pages. Send 93.60 for it, to J. HORACE McFARLAND, Harrlsburg, Pa. STANDARD VENTILATING MACHINERY, Hit;hest awards where- ever e.xhibited. Opens Sasli as high at one end as at the other. With new device. EVERYTHING UNIFORM. E. HIPPARD, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. "God helps those who help themselves." And he .houses THE .-^^^ DEPARTURE" ^MEAT SAW) VENTILATING APPLIANCE helps himself and those who help him in his labors, and is there- fore doubly blessed. Send for price and description. J. D. CARIVJODY, Evansville, Ind. Or call and see the man and macliiue at his greenhouse office, located on the lawn west front of Horticoltural Building, World's Fair grounds, Chirago, III. HERE WE ARE AGj^lN. Send on your orders for Sash Bars and Ven- tilating Sash, All kinds on hand. PROMPT ATTENTION. Itemi2'»d Estimates given, and cost of freight guaran eed. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICRED. Clear Cypress, from bottom gutter up is my specialty. Lyman Felheim, ERIE, PA. lULES DE COCK'S NURSERIES GHENT, HELGIUM. OFFER TO THE TRADE OF GOOD PLANTS. 10,000 Araucaria Excelsa; 100,000 Begonia Bulbs. :J0,000 Azalea ludica; 110,000 Azalea Mollis. 100,000 Palms, different sorts, all sizes. 10,000 Laurel Bays, Standardsand Pyramids. J, N, Struck & Bro. Manufacturers of •CYPRESS- Greeilioiise Material, LOUISVILLE, KY. STANDARD HOSE MENDER. The only Mender using ordi nary galvanized wire No. 14, in- stead of expensive bands. Any person can handle it with per- fect ease. Thousands in use and all testify to its Wonder- ful Merits. Sample Bo.\, by Mail, 50 cts. E. HIPPARD, Youngstown, Ohio. Mention American Florist. 54 The American Florist. Aug. //, Baltimore. The fact of the matter is the florist who has not set his face westward is about as hot and uncomfortable as possible, and he has the further discomfort of knowing that his stay at home is for nothing. The weather is too hot and dry for weeds or flowers either to grow out of doors without plentiful watering, and, between a tight money market and the absence of most of his customers at sum- mer resorts, he is without store business. But florists are an uncomplaining lot gen- erally, and Baltimore florists, though great in many ways, are least in this. You can't get a really serious howl out of them, even with all the present draw- backs. Prices are without change. Sweet peas have disappeared, but asters are plenti- ful. Roses continue in fair supply and some surprisingly good buds are to be had for the season, the product of Baltimore County, too. Smilax is to be had in any quantity at $15 to $20, and common outside flowers can be had at almost any price. Mack. Do YOU WANT a list of the leading cem- etery superintendents? You will find such a list in our new trade directory and reference book. You can't afford to do business with- out a copy of our trade directory and reference book. The American Florist and Gardening together to one address for $1.75. Send orders to the American Florist Co. KROESCHELL BROS. Greenhouse ^ Boiler, 41 to 5S Eritt St., CHICAQO. Boilers made of tbe best of material, shell, firebox iheets and heads of steel, water spaoe all aroand front, sides and baok). Write for Information. ™ LOGKLflND" ' Sash Bars ^ ^ ^ ARE ALWAYS SATISFACTORY. This cut represents our improved Clipper Bar for Butted Glass roof — putty to be used under glass only. GUTTER MaTERiaL, RIt)GE5, SaSH, ETC. V^ The finest CLEAR CYPRESS used. ^ Write for oircularR and estitnateg. Mention Amerlcun Flurlst. UOGKLflND LUMBER GO. • • * 11/Ookla.ncl, O. kk Standard" Flower Pots. As manufactured by us have carried off highest honors wherever shown and have stood the best test. They are used in all the leading floral establishments in the United States. For prices address The Whilldin Pottery Company, BRANCH WAREHOUSES: 713. T^S- 71? & 7^9 Whaftoii St., Philadelphia, Pa. Randolph Ave. and Union St.. Jersey City, N. J, Jackson Ave. and Pearson St., Long: Island City, L. I. STANDARD FLOWER POTS Every user of Flower Pots should correspond with us before purchasing elsewhere, our facilities are unequalled. A. H. HEWS & CO., N. Cambridge, Mass. Standard Flower Pots. We wish to notify the trade that this summer we have made great improvements in machinery and hare also discovered a better clay, so that we are now manufacturing FLOWER POTS that can't be beat. We have the assurance of a host of our customers, that our make are the best in the market. Bear in mind that freight rates are very low from this point, and we claim that our way of packing saves you freight charges. Send for circulars, or we will send you figures on any quantity you want. SIPFLE. DOPFFEL & CO., SYRACUSE, N. Y. STANDARD FLOWER POTS. OLD RELIABLE MAKE OF Write lor Catalogue and Price List. PITTSBURGH CLAY MFG. CO. New Brighton, Pa. Standard Flower Pots Our new Pottery, new Machinery, the very best Clay in the Country, and our new Patent Kilns, all combined, make the best Standard Pot in the market. Send for price list. PARMENTER MF'G COMPANY, GEORGE MESSINGER, Manager. E^ftetl: lBx'ool<:f ielcl, Attests. STANDARD FLOWER POTS. ■inch, -Inch, ■Inch, ■Inch, ■Inch, ■Inch, ■inch, ■Inch, I'd- IIKJU SI. 2.0 :i,50 4.0(1 ,'>.00 ll.UO i;i.8(i ■si.m Much, ,s-lnch, IHncli, lIMnch, n-lnch, 12-lnch, 14-lucli, llrlm^h. 'iV'niiH cash. f. o. ti. AddrcHS I f 3., 'ill 6.UII T.SU lO.U) ir. uii 2U,IIU ■10.110 7.1.00 HILFINGER BROS. POTTERY, Fort Edward. N. Y. Ai.wAvs mention the American I'lo- RiST when writing to advertisers. GURNEY Hot -Water Heaters FOR Greenhouses. Send for a copy uf "Hir hook "How l>est to heat our houses. " GURNEY HOT-WATER HEATER CO. 163 FRANKLIN ST.. BOSTON. Hraiicli llrtice: .W Waljaf^h Avenue. Chicago, Illinois. ScMInt: AKcnclcs: ,lohnMOn iV Co., 71 .Tohn St.. New York City. .I.e. K.TrachNe],'.!4ll Arch St., IMilluileliihla. Please mention the American Florist every time you write to an advertiser. i893. The American Florist. 55 CHAS. a WEATHERED. Pbetst. ^DMUNp_.5A,'tATHERCD, Vice Pocst and Tress. 'lN.Gp« IPO RATED SAMUeI- burns. Sect /-/irro-^FLrA^"'H°T Water E^GifiEER^ \lF\/\7 VORK' chicauo office: J96To2400n,nt Ave Jersey City.^.j. iMl^^^ Y UKU. e.^^e^o j^^^i,^,,^^ 31^^ HART & GROUSE, UTICA, N. Y. VICTOR SPRAY PUMP. The most wonderful pump ever invented. Re- quires no foot-rest or support. Seud for prices. HENION & HUBBELL. 55 N. Clinton St.. Chicago. III. Always mention the Amercan FLO- RIST when writing to advertisers. ©SiiltoliS tf l|i ^A ittita Large quantities of our Pipe are in use in Green houses throughout the West, to any of -which we refer as to its excellent quality. Pipe can be easily put together by any one; very :ittle instmctioc being needed Hot-Water Heating, in its Economy and Superi- ority, ■will repay in a few seasons its cost M _ntioi! AmBrtcBa FioKei, L WOLFF MFG. GO., 93 to 117 W. lake Street, CHICAGO. WRITE FOR ILLUSTKATKD CIRCUl.AR. D. H. ROBERTS, 159 and 161 S. Fifth Avenue, JVE^^\^7' ^^ORK!, NATURAL GAS MADE GLASS, FOR ROSE HOUSES, CONSERVATORIES, ETC., ETC. ly- Look at our WORLD'S FAIR KXHIBIT In IlorticuJtural Building. rRENun GLnSS conservatories, ro°se houses, Etc. Etc. iQiporters of PL.\TE and WINDOW GLASS. Manufacturers of BENT GLASS and FREN'CH MIRRORS. 131-133-135-137 FRANKLIN STREET. Note — Imported Glass Is used In the best yrade of Greenhouse bulldins. siHS-w -s-oick:. Fat T8S2, 8s.'86, FOR WATER, AIR, STEAM, ACIDIs. ss '90. '91. OILS, LIQUORS, GAS, SUCTION, And for any and every purpose for which a hose can be applied. Sizes, J^-inch to 42 inches diameter. The making, vending or use of any Serviceable Armored Wire Bound Hose not of our manufac- ture is an infringement on one or more of oui Patents. The rights secured to us render each individual dealer or user responsible for such unlawful use with all the consequences thereof. For prices and discounts address WATERBURY RUBBER CO.r Sole Mi'rs and Owners of all the Sphincter Gnp Annored Hose Patents, 49 Warren Street, New York. .T. C. A'AUGhAN, Affent. CHICAGO. GFRIHG STEEL GALVANIZE^ ARMORED P T A CW KOCK BOTTOM PRICES. Send for VTJJiiOkJ. Estlmnte. Satisfaction Guaranteed. 65 Warren St.. and 46, 4S & HO College Place, HAIL LOCK THE DOOR BEFORE THE HORSE IS STOLEN. DO IT NOW. JOHK G. ESLBR, Seo'y F. H. A., Saddle River, H. '. 56 The American Florist. Aug, /7, iLdex to Advertisers. ....43 Abel C C 4 Co. . Adv. Rates, etc American Boiler Co .. American Road Mach Co BallerFA Barnard VV W & C-3. . . . Bay State Hdw Co Bayersdorter H & Co. . BenardG BergerHH&Co Bock Wm A Bonsall Jos E & Son . . . Boston Letter Co ... . Brauer & Rlchter Bums & Raynor Burrow JG « Burton John Carman R W Carraody .1 D Chalk James ChandleeGeoH Connell Benj Corbrey T J Cox Seed & Plant Co.. . Crabb i- Hunter Crosman Bros Cummines & Ware. — De Cock Jules De Lamater Iron Wks. . De Mulder ThD De Smet Louis Dillon JL Downes W J DreerH A 43 ElllottWH Ellison Wm Felhelm Lyman Fisher David Forstermann I Fuclis Albert Gasser J M Gonzalez & Co Goodyear Rubber Store Gumey Heater Co ... . Hall Ass'n 43 Hancock Geo Hart James Hart Michael A Hart & Grouse Hartford HE Helte Floral Co Henion & Hubbell Herr Albert M Hews AH&Co Hllflnger Bros HlllBG ACo Hlppard E HItchingsiCo HookerUM Co Horan Ertw C Hulsebosch Bros Hunt E U HuntM A 49 Hunter &Purdy Jennings E B Jii.isten r H Kaufmann Ernst & Co. . Kemble Floral Co . ... Kennlcott Bros Knapp O R Koeli Ludwlg KoffmanE ... Krlclt W C Kroeschell Bros . Kuehn C A Kuyk K J La Roche & Stahl....4.1 Lehnlg \ Winnefeld. . , LIpplncott MissCH.... Lockland Lumber Co. .. r,ombard RT Long Dan'l B Lonsdale Edwin 44 50 Lord & Burnham Co 5ti McCarthy N FiCo 4ft McFarland JH 53 McFarland J H Co 44 MacBean AS 41) ManzJ &Co 63 Marschuetz & Co 51 Martens 1 4(1 Meyer John C & Co. ...60 Michel Plant & Bulb Co 41! MillangBros 45 Miller Geo W 49 MoflattG J 4(i Moninger Jno C ...56 Montgomery Chas E. . ..4S Newell &Kldd 49 Nlles Centre Floral Co. .45 Oil City Greenhouses. . ..42 Olson M 45 Ouwerkerk P 47 Pannenter Mfg C»> M Peck & ? utherland 45 Pennock C J 47 Pennuck Sam'l S 44 Piersc.n AN 49 Plerson F K Co. . . .44 47 48 Pittsburg Clay Mfg Co. .54 Prince A G&Co 45 Quaker City Mach Co. . ..53 .Randall A L 45 Raou.x C 60 Reek John 49 Reed Glass Co 55 Reed & Killer .53 Reimschnelder Ernst. . .47 Roberts i)H So RoehrsT. eo 45 Roemer Fred ...5U Rolker A&Sons 51 Rupp.John F .50 RuppHS&Sons 47 Russell SJ ...51 Sander* Co 48 Schuiz Jacob 49 Scollay John A 52 Sebire P&Sons 43 Shelmlre WR 47 SheridanWF 45 Sherwood Hall Nur Co. .44 Slebrecht & Wadley 48 Slptle. Dopflel & Co 54 Situations, wants 42 Smith Henry.. 49 Smith Nathan & Son... .47 Soltau Clir .50 SpounerWmH.. ..4fl Stahl Adolph 50 StoldtC 47 Storrs & Harrison Co. . . 49 Stott Garden Imp Co .... .52 Struck J N &Bro .53 Sunderbmch HL 45 Trlcker Wm 50 Van Coppenolle Ed 4'. Van Home GrltTen & Co 55 Vaughan J C 46 52 Waterbury Rubber Co. .55 Weathered'B Sons T W . . 55 Weaver Fllmer J 46 Weeber&Don 43 Welch Bros 45 WhllldlnPotCo 64 Wight W P 53 WilksS Mfg Co 54 WinterND 42 Wisconsin Flower Ex. . 46 Wolf E B 53 Wolff L Mfg Co 65 Wood Bros 49 Zlrngiebel D 50 Please write on your printed letter head when addressing our advertisers. If you have no printed letter head, then enclose your business card or bill head. GrtodelHH Mass A.rrii Col. CLEAR I CYPRESS^ SASH BARS JOHN C. MONINGER, 297 Hawthorne Are., CHICAGO. ILL. Mention America^ Kiorlsi. s A s H GREENHOUSE HEATING $ VENTILATING Horticultural Architecture and Building. HITGHINGS & GO. Established 1844. 233 Mercer St., New York. £^.2 FIVE PATTERNS OF BOILERS. NiNTEEN SIZES. Perfect Sash Raising Apparatus. Rosehouses, Greenhouses, Etc , of Iron Frame Construction, Erected complete, or the Structural Iron Work shipped ready for erection. /ron Frame Benches with the "Perfect Drainage Bench Tile " or Slate Top. SEKU 4 OSSra'S POSTiOE FOR IttUSTRATED CATALOGUE LORD & BURNHAM CO. Horticultural Architects and Builders, STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATING ENGINEERS. ZW FIhiis and estiuiates furnished on application I'ruiit \ iew ol a port inn ol' our exhibit at the World's Fair. SEND FOUR CENTS POSTAGE FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. . . . LORD & BURNHAM CO., Irvington-on-Hudson, N. Y. MeotloD AmerlcaD Florist. STEAM • AND • HOT • WATER • HEATERS 15S; GREENHOUSE HEATING — ^ISO-t^ — *p€mer/can ^o//er Company. BOSTON, NEW YORK, CHICAGO, DENVER, SAN FRANCISCO. 195 Ft. Hill Square. 94 Center St. 34-36 Dearborn St. Mining Exchange BIdg. 80 Crocker BIdg. H. M. HOOKER COMPANY, | 57 and 59 W, Randolph Street, CHICAGO, ' NATURAL GAS MADE CLASS FOR GREENHOUSES. Write for latest prices.- fm l&mmmM pyiifir Rmerica is "the Prow of the I/esseJ; ttiEre may be marB comfort Amidships, b:it we zre the first to touch Unknown Seas," Vol. IX CHICAGO AND HEW YORK. AUGUST 24. 1893. No. 273 fLHiiE LiiWMmmm IFi!=@i!ii!@f Copyright 1893, by Americau Florist Company. Entered as Second-Class Mail Matter. Published every Thursday by The American florist company. 333 Dearborn Street, Chicago. Subscription, 51.00 a year. To Europe, S2.00. Address all conimunicatious to AMERICAN FLORIST COMPANY. p. O. Drawer 1G4, CHICAGO. Eastern OfHce : 67 Bromfield St., llogton. SOCIETY OF AMERICAN FLORIST. Wm. R. Smite Washington, d. C, president; Prof. Wm. TttELEA'SE, St. JjOuIs. Mo.. ylce-presldent; Wm. J. Stewaut. ^i7 Bromfleld St., Boston, Mass. secretary ; M. A. Hunt, Terre Haute, Ind., treasurer. CONTENTS. Horticultural Congress banquet 57 J. T. Anthony (portrait) . .59 Conservatories at Humboldt Park, Chicago (illus)61 Tlie present of floriculture 62 Dwarfing plants in Japan .... ... 62 Fancy bedding in Garfield Park, Chicago {illus).6,3 Carnations— Seasonable hints 64 Miscellaneous seasonable hints 64 Philadelphia 64 Small group of decorative plajits (illus) 65 Boston 66 Buffalo. 66 Recent legal decisions 66 A world's horticultural society 68 Florists' Hail Association 70 Baltimore ■ • ■ 72 St. Louis 74 Toronto 76 Chicago 78 Catifornia Nurserymen's Association 78 Thk cannas at the Woild's Fair are beginning to present a fine appearance now, and will soon make a gorgeous show. Among the deep colored varieties Alphonse Bouvier is very conspicuous for general excellence. The color is very rich, the flowers are carried well above the foliage and the habit seems all that could be desired. We shall treat of each of the varieties in detail in an early issue, and shall also soon publish engravings from photographs of several of the beds. The aquatics are beginning to bloom and attract much attention. The attendance at the Fair is improving steadily as the date lor closing draws nearer and has exceeded 100,000 each day for the past two weeks. The Convention, the Horticultural Congress and the World's Fair was a combination that made a lively two weeks for those who attempted to attend to all these attractions. And it made it lively too for those connected with this journal in the effort to properh' report all that would be of interest to the florists of America. But we believe we made a fair attempt. Our report is practically completed in this issue. Horticultural Congress Banquet. Last Friday evening (August IS) the distinguished visitors in attendance at the World's Fair Horticultural Congress were given a reception and banquet at the Union League Club, by the Horticult- ural Society of Chicago. It was a bril- liant company and it is probable that many years will elapse before such a large number of men whose names stand high on the roll of those who have done last- ing service to the "Art that doth mend nature" can again be assembled together at one time. Covers were laid for 100 and every seat was occupied. The tables were elaborated decorated with flowers contributed by various members of the Florist Club and arranged by President P. J. Hauswirth, while in the corners of the room stood numerous handsome palms from Mr. J. T. Anthony's collec- tion, and the huge mantel at one end of the hall was handsomely decorated with plants supplied by the same gentleman. Among those present were Henri L. de Vilmorin, head of the firm of Vilmorin- Andrieux & Co., and an officer of the Legion of Honor, Paris, France; Prof. Dr. L. Wittmack, Professor of Botany at the University of Berlin, Germany, and editor oi Garienflora; M.Lemoine, super- intendent of the parks of Paris, now in charge of the French horticultural exhibit at the World's Fair; E. H. Krelage, Haarlem, Holland; J. Pederson-Bjergaard, Copenhagen, Denmark; Hon. Thomas B. Bryan, Chicago, vice-president of the World's Congresses; W. Atlee Burpee, Philadelphia, president of the American Seed Trade Association; P. J. Berckmans, Augusta, Ga., president of the American Pomological Society; Robert Craig, Phil- adelphia, ex-president of the Societj|-of American Florists, vice-president of 'the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, pres- ident of the Florists' Club of Philadel- phia, and superintendent of Pennsyl- vania's horticultural display at the World's Fair; R. H. Warder, sou of the late John A. Warder, so well known to every lover of trees and plants; Henry Izawa, in charge of the horticultural ex- hibit of Japan at the World's Fair; S. Tomiyami, Kobe, Japan; H. Augustine, president of the Illinois State Horticult- ural Society, and ex-president of the American Association of Nurserymen; Prof. Wm. Trelease, Director of the Mis- souri Botanical Garden, St. Louis; Wm. R. Smith, president of the Society of American Florists, and superintendent of the U. S. Botanical Garden, Washington; J. M. Samuels,Chief of the Department of Horticulture at the World's Fair; John Thorpe, Chief of the Bureau of Floricult- ure at the World's Fair, and ex-president of the Society of American Florists; R. Ulrich, landscape architect at the World's Fair; C. L. Watrous, Des Moines, la., ex- president of the American Association of Nurserymen; T. T. Lyon, the eminent horticulturist of Michigan; Prof. Lorado Taft, of the Michigan Agricultural Col- lege^ Prof. L. H. Bailey, of Cornell Uni- versity; Dr. F. M. Hexanier, editor of the American Agyiciilturisl; E.G.Hill, Rich- mond, Ind., president of the American Carnation Society, and ex-president of the Society of American Florists; M. A. Hunt, Terre Ha.ute, Ind., president of the American Rose Society, and treasurer of the Society of American Florists; W. H. Ragan, chief of the bureau of pomology of the World's Fair, and secretary of the Indiana State Horticultural Society; James Dean, Bay Ridge, N. Y., ex-presi- dent of the Society of American Florists, and superintendent of the New York state horticultural display at the World's Fair; W. K. Harris, Philadelphia, president of the American Chrysanthemum Society; Ludwig Schiller, superintendent of Ger- many's horticultural display at the W^orld's Fair; Wm. McMillan, superin- tendent of the parks of Buffalo, N. Y.; Warren H. Manning, Reading, Mass.; J. C. Vaughan, Chicago, chairman of the Horticultural Coneress, and retiring president of the American Seed Trade Association; J. T. Anthony, Chicago, president-elect of the Society of American Florists; F. R. Pierson, Tarrytown, N. Y.; J. A, Pettigrew, superintendent of Lincoln Park, Chicago; W. H. Chadwick, president of the Horticultural Society of Chicago; Robert Kilt, Philadelphia, vice- president of the Societj' of American Florists; F. W. Barteldes, Lawrence, Kans., ex-president of the American Seed Trade .Association; A. L. Don, secretary of the American Seed Trade Association; W. C. Egan, secretary of the Horticult- ural Society of Chicago; P.J. Hauswirth, president of the Chicago Florist Club; and a host of others whom it would take columns of space to mention. After a pleasant hour spent in making new and renewing old acquaintances and friendships in the reception room the company sat down to a banquet that sustained the fame of the Union League Club. Upon the arrival of the coffee and cigars President Chadwick called the assem- blage to order and on behalf of the Hor- ticultural Society of Chicago welcomed the visitors in the following words: President Chadwick: — It is a great pleasure and privilege to greet you this evening with words of welcome. Some of you are old friends and acquaintances from near by; others come from the shores of the Atlant'c or the more distant Pacific, but all, I am sure, join in extend- ing a most hearty welcome to such of our guests as have crossed the oceans to sur- vey the crowning creation of the nine- teenth century, the World's Columbian Exposition, and to assist in the work of its auxiliary congress, where the record of the achievements and progress of man is being written in undying words. I 58 The American Florist, Aug. 24^ trust that the result of the various con- gresses will be a grand fruition, for cer- tainly in the scope of its subjects and its world-wide participants it has never been equalled. The abstract and the concrete thus go down to posterity hand in hand, and of these twins, the evolution of hand and brain of man, the age may be justly proud. You, our guests, who have trav- eled to our smoky city, should not forget that its offspring is yonder glorious white city which, like its parent, sits on the shore of a great inland sea, and both cities, mother and child, equally com- mand your attention. A commercial town, with a merchant marine second in tonnage to no port in the world but London, with htr hands, as you see, full of business, Chicago has for you, and each of you, her cordial salutations. While I am an amateur in horticulture of some thirty years' standing, to ask me to speak on this subject before men so noted in its various branches would be like sending one for some useful tool and have him bring from some dark and dusty attic a rusty augur and proceed to bore you. Greater bore, vve will say, than calibre. I will now introduce to you the man who brought the World's Fairto Chicago, and that man is Thomas B. Bryan. Mr. Bryan: — Mr. Chairman and Gen- tlemen: I am delighted at having this opportunity of meeting you and am re- joiced to see so many nationalities repre- sented here. I think that the most con- spicuous advantage of the exposition is in this blending of people together from all parts of the world. We are provin- cial until we come in contact with our fellows from across the ocean. We have no knowledge or conception of the pecu- liarities and the distinctions that exist with all other people until we come into conference with them, and then our scope of vision is enlarged, our affections are intensified and we begin to realize that it is perhaps after all the blood of common ancestors that courses through our veins. Looking down this table in every direc- tion I encounter men who are high up in the field of humanity, because after all horticulture is the God-given profession of our race. [Applause.] I love horti- culture and therefore I love horticultur- ists. And for these gentlemen who have commenced with the grafting and gone up through all the intricacies of horticult- ure, how can I, who have done nothing in that field, be without bashfulness or diffidence? Why, I remember to have gone out some thirty odd years ago an ignoramus into the country, and I had a plain and prairie to cultivate, and 1 culti- vated it with great insanity and with absolute stupidity and with entire fail- ure [Applause.]; and I sent abroad over the ocean to that distinguished gentle- man Loudon and I got his books and I quit being an ignoramus and I studied him. It opened up a delightful creation. And then I came over to our own coun- try, and then I got Downing — bless his memory [Applause.] — and between them I learned a little something that was not buried in the dark set aside for the in- sane. Trees spring up. Oneof my friends, Sanders from Washington, came all the way from Philadelphia to see that insane young man, to watch and see what he was a:bout. They had heard of his plant- ing the largest trees planted in America, and they sent Mr. Sanders up to find out what there was in it, and he looked at me, not with disdain, not with contempt, but with overpowering sympathy and compassion. "Why," said Sanders, put- ting his arms around my narrow shoul- ders, "My good friend, you are young, and I am proud of your ingenuity and skill and tact and the way you are plant- ing, but those trees won't live! ' And I drew a deep long sigh and said "God bless you; come out next fall." He came out the next fall to see, and the trees did live, and he came another year, and the trees did live, and that plain is now a for- est, and you are all welcome to go and see it and rest under its shade, under the shade of the hickories that yield their hickory nuts and of the oaks that yield their acorns. And, gentlemen, that is the end of horticulture as far as I am concerned. I am still an ignoramus. Now, I am asked to talk of the con- gresses. I can only talk a minute or two about them. I am glad you have come to talk. It is the men that constitute a congress. It is the professional men that come to these congresses and give such admirable papers as have characterized your sessions that constitute the merit and advantage and value of them. I have no doubt myself that the contribu- tions to the world's congresses — I mean of learning, of profound erudition, and practical experience, from all parts of the world— will constitute the most lasting benefit from the World's Columbian Ex- position. You take the Exposition, or you take Jackson Park now clothed in all its mag- nificence, and where is the most lovely feature about it? I may again be called heterodox; I may not be orthodox, but to my untutored eye there is nothing more lovely in all Jackson Park than that wooded island. [Applause.] It is the very perfecLion of landscape gardening, and it sprung out of the brain of that brainiestof landscape gardeners, Olmsted. But let us pause a moment and be not too hasty in calling Washington the most beautiful capital in the universe. As a beautiful gem in the unions of states here it is high and lovely to behold, but compared with the home of this gentle- man to my right (M. Vilmorin) let Wash- ington be exceedingly modest. [Ap- plause.] Great in everything is Paris. Great in her monumental grandeur, great in her abundance of art, great in the bril- liance of her courts, and now, in her republic in administration; great in hor- iculture from one end to the other. Paris leads the march of all cities. [Applause.] Referring again to the Exposition it is sad to think that we are going to lose it. In a few short weeks the process of de- molition will commence. Those magnifi- cent structures that have challenged the admiration of the world, and justly, are to yield to the hand, of the ruthless de- stroyer. I lament it; you lament it. I cannot go through any one of those buildings and look at those towering features, those beautiful columns and the exquisite work everywhere but it seems to me a sacrilege that they must come down. My own favorite idea in the be- ginning was to buy a few acres, 50 or 100 acres, put up some permanent buildings (four or five or six) on our own ground, then rent several acres around it and put on those rented grounds the temporary structures to be swept away at the end of the fair, and to let those permanent buildings remain, survive the fair,in order that in future we might perpetuate its most beautiful features. I wish it had been done. It think it would have been best. But after all mine was the judg- ment of an old man who has a right to step down and leave such things in the hands of the younger generation, and they had their plan agreed to. The last time I was in Europe I went to Corfu, and I thought that the most beautiful thing in Corfu was the horti- culture. I thought that the moat beauti- ful, the most attractive, the most in- tensely bewitching thing was the horti- culture, the landscape gardening, and I "am sure that you gentlemen begin to think, if you have not already appreci- ated the fact, that your profession is absolutely saturated with the beautiful. I wish to heavens that my line through life had been cast in your life, to live among flowers and. among fruits and among trees— God's most beautiful crea- tions. To have that refined, loving and ennobling association it seems to me must be the most delightful thing in the world, and above all that it leads to per- petual peace, and that nothing but accord dwells within you. The President: Our distinguished friend dwelt on that little sore spot that remains in all of u.s, that the beautiful World's Fair buildings must come down, must go. It is like a little flower that you pick; it is matured, it dies, then the fragrance is gone. I now take great pleasure in introducing to you the toast- master of the evening, our much esteemed friend, Gilbert L. Grant of the American Florist. [Applause.] Mr. Grant:— Gentlemen, I shall not take up your time by any extended pre- liminary remarks. America, as you all well know, is the prow of the vessel in horticulture as it is in other directions. But we get ourinspiration and the found- ation for our work from abroad. I have before me the names of the three great horticultural countries of Europe— Eng- land, France and Germany. And I am pleased to say, gentlemen, that we have with us here to-night representatives of two of them. I very much regret to say that a gentleman that we fully expected to have with us here to-night has been unexpectedly called home. I expected to hear from him regarding the horticultur- ists of England. I refer to Mr. George Nicholson, Curator of the Royal Botanic Gardens of Kew, and I very inuch regret that we cannot have him with us here to-night. We expected to very much en- joy his response to the toast which I in- tended to propose to the horticulturists of England. But, gentlemen, we do have with us representatives of the two other great horticultural countries of Europe from which we have drawn the founda- tion upon which we, in America, are building to-day. I now propose a toast to the horticulturists of France, and I will call upon a gentleman to respond to it whose name will not be unfamiliar to you, I can assure you. To France what do we not owe in a horticultural way? I call upon Mr. Henri L. de Vilmorin of Paris to respond to this toast which we propose, this hand of fraternity which we extend to-night to the horticulturists of France. Mr. Vu.morin:- ^/r. Chairman and CeiiUeinen: I am very much moved by the toast which has been proposed to me. You make me feel in a very forcible way that if after the very able and exceedingly bright speeches you have just listened to I were to attempt anything in the way of rhetorical speaking I should fail sig- nally. I think in consequence you will allow me to speak in the simplest and plainest way what I feel. What I feel is deep gratitude to the Horticultural Soci- ety of Chicago and all the guests present for the compliment they have paid me and my country in drinking to our health as they did. We representatives of Eu- rope deserve no great credit for coming i8g3- The American Florist. 59 I T. ANTHONY. CHICAGO. PRESIDENT-ELECT OP THE SOCIETY OP AMERICAN PLORISTS over to the World's Columbian Exposi- tion and to Chicago. We had great in- ducements to come. And those induce- ments were, first — you will permit me to say "first" because it interests all thecity and all the country — to see that wonder- ful exposition that is so large in its extent and so complete in the number of things that are represented there; no similar exposition has ever heretofore been seen in this or any other country, and it is not likely to ever be seen again in any part of the world. Besides we were interested in horticulture. Another inducement in coming to this glorious place where the horticulturists of all the sections of the United States were to come together. We knew that by the immensity of space in your country and the endless variety and the conditions of the soil and climate quite new experiences would be brought to our knowledge and would be useful instruction, and we knew besides that in all sections of the country the American horticulturists have been at work with that energy, pluck and perseverance which are characteristics of the nation, and we knew that there would be many useful lessons to learn, and I have no doubt that when these congresses are over we for- eigners will go home thankful for all the benefits that we have received at the hands of the Americans. The toast-master:— I will now pro- pose a toast to our fellow workers in Germany. France, Germany and Eng- land have worked hand in hand to fur- nish us the foundation upon which we here will undoubtedly build the greatest superstructure that can possibly be raised. I propose this toast to the horti- culturists of Germany, and call upon a man than whom I think there could be none better to respond, a gentleman who occupies the position of Professor of Bot- any as well as a Director of the Univer- sity of Berlin, who is a director of the great Agricultural Experiment Station of Germany, and who is sent here by the German government to report on our great Columbian Exposition for the ben- efit of that nation. Professor Doctor L. Wittmack. Prof. Wittmack:— .1/r. Chairman and Gentlemen: I am very much obliged to you for the toast which my friend, Mr. Grant, has proposed to the German hor- ticulturists, but I must be modest. I must say that not Germany or France alone in Europe constitute horticulture. It is still Holland, which are our ances- tors I may say, and which are the most eminent horticulturists in the whole Eu- ropean continent. But, notwithstand- ing, I speak with great thanks for the toast which has been offered to German horticulturists. I must say that I am quite struck by the kind reception we find here in Chicago, found there in St. Louis at the convention of the Society of Amer- ican Florists, and I beg to express here, what I could not do at St. Louis, my most hearty thanks for this kind recep- tion, and I beg to offer them also to-night to the Horticultural Society of Chicago, who have so kindly received us to-night. IL is a very difficult thing for a foreigner to conceive of what you have done, but I say that in the few weeks which I have remained here I have seen so much which is so striking, which is so admirable that it is of the greatest importance to speak of and to report to my countrymen. America is said to be a land of wonders with us. I must confess that when I came here f.nd when I stood here I saw new manners. America is not the land of wonders. But it is the land of admira- tion. I see foreigners here everywhere. I see progress going ahead much faster here than it does in Europe, and it is just that, gentlemen, which will improve here the horticulture, and as yesterday I spoke of the gates which lead to heaven, now 1 will speak of the golden gates here which are open in America for us who come from abroad. The golden gates of the White City are open; they have shown us the entry to this cordial horticultural society. And to these cordial societies I should like to say, which have received us so well, let us hope that the horticult- ure of America may always increase in the same manner that it has done now. The toast-master. — We have with us here to-night, gentlemen, a great many gentlemen who are connected with the traffic in an article of tremendous power. Possibly you may suspect dynamite, but you would be incorrect. I refer to some- thing that has more power than any explosive material known to science. You may wonder at that. I refer to the power in the little acorn, from which springs the giant oak. I propose a toast to the American Seed Trade Association, and will call upon its president, Mr. W. Atlee Burpee of Philadelphia to respond. Mr. Burpee:— This afternoon as I was returning from a hard day's work seeing the beautiful white city which you have prepared for your guests of all nations and every state I looked forward to this meeting to-night with a great deal of pleasure, to the social intercourse here this evening, with very much the feeling of the Englishman who for a few months had been doing all Europe. After doing all France he got to Germany with his courier. He arrived exhausted at a small German village. He was assigned a very good suite of rooms, reclined gratefully in an easy chair and said exhaustedly to his courier, "Well, what is to be seen here?" The courier replied, "Oh, there is nothing to be seen in this town." The Englishman answered, "Well, then, let us engage these rooms for a month." This expresses the feeling of restfulness with which I took the car from the World's Fair to come here to-night. But unfortunately my feeling of peace, the peace which Mr. Bryan has so beautifully expressed, was disturbed by taking up the evening paper and there seeing that to-night, after your worthy president, Mr. Bryan, Mr. Vilmorin and Dr. Witt- mack, your toast-master, without any warning, without the slightest intima- tion, expected me to respond to a toast to the American Seed Trade Association. All I can do is to briefly allude to this American Seed Trade Association. Mr. J. C. Vaughan, of your society and of this city, has by his indomitable work during the past twelve months, by his constant oversight over the committee's business, 60 The American Florist. Aug. 24^ gathered togetlier men to read papers on different subjects of interest, and has given to us members of the American Seed Trade Association from all the sec- tions of this country and Canada, the most interesting and most instructive meeting that we have ever had. It oc- curred to me in the intervals between drinking and eating to ask Dr. Wittmack and Mr. Vilmorin whether there were in all Europe a similar association. I knew that there was none in England. Mr. Vilmorin assures me that there is none similar in France, and Mr. Wittmack says the same of Germany. Therefore the American Seed Trade Association, which was formed a little over ten years ago, is unique of its kind . It gathers together in one association and admits as eligible to membership every grower and dealer of seeds in America in the general line. During all the period of its existence I have never known it to refuse admission to any honorable candidate. Its doors are wide open. It welcomes the smaller as well as the larger dealer, and I will say, and I know that the members of this association who are here will agree with me, that the papers read and the subjects discussed are discussed with a freedom and with a candor which is at all times noticeable. I see on my left a gentleman from Denmark who a few days ago I had the pleasure of having to dine with me. The same day there were present three American seedsmen, all members of this association, but unfortunately not pres- ent at our meeting. After they had left and we had spent the day walking around town he said to me, "Why, Mr. Burpee, I am astonished that you all meet to- gether in such perfect good fellowship and seem to be such warm personal friends. From way off in Denmark I have been reading your catalogues and I supposed that you were cutting each other's throats," [Laughter.] Now it is this very spirit ot fellowship that this American Seed Trade Association has advanced. It is above all petty mean- ness. It is a great thing to recognize that any success must be born of knowledge, that our interests are not antagonistic, but are common. When we travel through Germany, through France or England, we come home impressed with the idea that horticulture in America is yet in its infancy only. We have traveled through manv towns in America and we see villages that have scarcely a single flower garden. They have no choice vegetables, but more generally depend on the trucker, and that trucker even some- times comes from the city to serve tliem. There is an eflbrt to change this and we are working hand in hand to that end. I know that each individual is working for his own best good by working for the best good of horticulture. [Applause.] On behalf of the American Seed Trade Association, Mr. President, I can only extend my most hearty thanks and my appreciation for the courtesy which the Horticultural Society of Chicago has shown in this most enjoyable meeting. The Toast-masier:— Some weeks ago at one of our Florist Club meetings we enjoyed a unique treat in the vocal line, and I propose if possible to favor this company with what we enjoyed at that time. Before I announce the singer I want to say that there is a country to which we owe a great deal for plants, rare plants, useful plants. I reler to Japan. I am glad to say that we have with us here to-night a representative of that country. We are a very cosmopol- itan company, gentlemen. I will ask Mr. Henry Izawa to favor us with a Japanese love song, such as he gave us at our last Florist Club supper. [Mr. Izawa re- sponded with a song in Japanese which was received with prolonged applause.] The Toast-master;— Gentlemen, we commenced with the seed and will pass on to the work of the nurseryman. The nurseryman has been a missionary that has done a verv great deal for horticult- ure all over the world. The value of that work can hardly be estimated. We have with us to-night a sonof oneof the oldest nurserymen in the country. I believe one of my verv first recollections of names in horticulture was that of John A. Warder, and I am pleased to say, gentlemen, that we have with us here to-night his son, who is fully able to represent the father who went before him. I call upon Mr. R. H. Warder to respond on behalf of the nurserymen. Mr. Warder:— ^/n Chairman and Gentlemen: On this occasion I am more than happy to be called upon and glad to meet these people of the different nations of the world. Among them are many of my father's old friends and they have taken me by the hand and introduced themselves. When I meet men like Mr. Smith, Bryan and Sanders and see others ' here whose names I have known, includ- ing our distinguished foreign guests, I am proud to be here on this occasion. Though why I should speak on this occasion wil'n- out perhaps a copy of Loudon I hardly know. My earliest lecollection is of rais- ing trees and loving them. I have been a humble planter of trees rather than a grower, but I honor that trade which has done so much to facilitate the interchange of rare trees, flowers, plants, etc., from Japan, South America, Europe, Asia, Belgium, France and Ge-many, and in some of our small villages, in spite of what Mr. Burpee said, we find rare speci- mens and as devoted lovers of plants as can be found anywhere. I believe the love of plants is innate in the human heart. I am proud to be called upon, and proud to be the guest of the Horticultural Society. As we sometimes see the grand- est effects accomplished on the ruins of a dead tree, the bush which preceded it, just so with these younger societies. We are proud of their impulse from our old society, which leads me to think may there not be a union in the future some time of all these associations. Why should they not have a common union, working together. In union there is strength. I offer this as a suggestion given to me by a friend, whose absence I regret extremely to-night, Mr. Garfield, of Michigan. Gentlemen, I now propose a toast, and I know that all the strangers present will join me, to the Horticultural Society of Chicago. I propose it stand- ing. [AH the visitors rose and responded heartily to the toast.] The Toast-master:— Gentlemen, we commenced with the seed and progressed to the plant. We will now proceed to the flower, not necessarily the crown of all; we will come to it a little later, but in a measure the crown to a very great many of us here to-night. A most impor- tant division, and one which I believe is growing in popular favor more rapidly than any other division is floriculture. I call upon Mr. Robert Craig, of the City of Brotherly Love, to respond to a toast to this beautiful division of horticulture. Mr. Craig;— ^1/r. President and Gentle- men: I feel somewhat as Mr. Burpee has expressed himself— the feeling of being hardly able on such short notice to ade- quately respond to the toast so kindly offered to floriculture, but I feci encour- aged to say a few words because I am sure of one thing— I am sure of sympa- thetic listeners. [Applause.] There is so much in common in a general way be- tween the work and the development of the work in the lines of pomology, in the line oftheimprovementof vegetables, and of the line of the improvement of flowers that I feel we can sympathize with one another and can glory with one another as each branch advances. [Applause.] As you know the advance in the different lines of pomology is not rapid. Ot the many seedling fruits that make their ap- pearance from time to time it is only occasionally that one is found with points of excellence bevond others in its class. The advance is necessarily slow, but occa- sionally in pomology we are delighted with the appearance of the new fruit, which in point of size, color or flavor is recognized as an advance and acquisition. This is true also in the lines of vegetables. There are those here to-night who have watched the development of the veget- able from the comparatively insipid thing to the luscious and delightful thing that we enjoy to-day. The same is true in the line of flowers. Of the many novelties introduced each year we get but few that remain with us as a permanent advance. But in the midst of all the disappoint- ments we do advance and we are advanc- ing. And I may say that the florists' asso- ciations and the florists' clubs have by their organized efforts contributed great- ly to the general advance. I might say thatin the line of roses, the queen of flow- ers, we yearlv make a slight advance. We get a better rose and a larger rose almost every year. One that stays with us and whose fragrance we inhale with con- tinued delight. In the line of carnations I suppose the advance has been more re- markable than in any other line. This is largely due to the enthusiasm which has come but of the organization of the sub- division of the Society of American Flo- rists known as the American Carnation Society. These gentlemen who make a specialty of cultivating that flower have been greatly stimulated by the exhibi- tions proposed and carried out by this young society. I was never more de- lighted in my life than with the exhibi- tion of carnations at Pittsburg last year. I think every one who saw that exhibi- tions is willing to admit that there had been a grand advance in the development of the divine flower. Carnations were shown I think at that meeting finer than ever before in the history of the world. They had it is true been prepared espe- cially for that meeting. They had re- ceived special care looking forward to that exhibition. But I want to say that they never would have reached the ex- tremely high development that those flowers showed if it had not been for the fact that this society was organized and that the members worked together with enthusiasm and harmony. [Applause.] Gentlemen, I can not sit down without expressing my personal gratification at meeting with you here to-night. I have been at many gatherings of florists and have found them all congenial, but I find an added charm in this meeting here to- night in the presence of so many men who have distinguished themselves in other lines of horticulture. I am delighted especially tcrmeet these gentlemen from abroad. I personally have had tfiat pleasure seldom before, but I have in this visit to Chicago met gentlemen from France, from Germany and from Japan, and from other countries, and find them all congenial workers in the great cause that we all have so much at heart. I suppose in a meeting like this it is not i893' The American Florist. 61- / ^ 1 h a. t v^ '■^■"Ji* BjNj %^'-- %#t-3 "^'^v-^ u**!^ (t^^ .>^g^ '.^T^y^ J' ^■*. ^^ CONSERVATORIES AT HUMBOLDT PARK, CHICAGO. necessary to say much specially about the uses and the advantages of flowers. That is conceded I am sure by every one present. They are welcome on every occa- sion, at the birth, at the marriage, and when the last sad rites are performed flowers are always appropriate and always welcome. So that I feel in a meeting like this that I need not say much in a general way on that aspect of the question. In viewing in a general way the effect that flowers have on modern civilization I must confess that I am a little surprised at a certain great school of gardening known as the natural school of garden- ing who either ignore altogether or fail to adequately appreciate the advantage of color in the production of the land- scape which it is their duty to create. I might say that I am entirely in harmony with that school of thought in much that they entail. I can join with them in the admiration of the different forms of shrubs and trees. I can admire the individual specimens of a graceful tree, and I am arrested by the verdure and the green. I enjoy the gently sloping bank of velvet green as it slides down to the water as much as anybody, but I want to ask those gentlemen here why it is that flow- ers are not more used and more advo- cated in their school? Is there anything more natural than the rhododendrons on the mountains in their blazes of color in the early June? Is there anything more natural than the feeling when you come close to flowers? I want to ask those gentlemen why it is that they do not ap- preciate more than they do the use of flowers in their beautiful landscape effects. The Toast master:— After the flower comes the fruit, and I am pleased to say that we have with us to-night the presi- dent of the American Pomological Soci- ety, a society that has done a vast amount of good for horticulture in this country. I will call upon Mr. P. J. Berck- mans, of Augusta, Ga. Mr. Berckmans:— 71/r. President and Gentlemen: It is useless for me to say many words in regard to American pomology and its wonderful development. We have it on record that even that little ship that we find now anchored in the lagoon brought back to Europe, long before Christopher Columbus made his discovery, the evidence that there was a country here worthy of being called Vine- land. That was the first notice that the world had that you had a pomological problem. I recollect when I came to this great country and madethe acquaintance of your illustrous pomologists, and I can remember well the words of welcome and friendship I received. I was surprised at the very small amount of fruit produced then in your country. In New York the only grape known then was the Isabella. The other day passing up the Hudson river I was pointed out the place where this grand production of pomology had its origin, you might say development. What have we to-day in comparison with this Isabella, which was the only repre- sentative of that great product forty years ago. In the way of pears the pro- ducts are very limited. The organization of the American Pomological Society had for its object the development of pomo- logical education, and all honor is due to the man who originated that society, and I am proud to say that among the orig- inal promoters of that society was my friend, Mr. Campbell, who is here to- night, and to whom you owe that excel- lent product and standard of excellence the Delaware grape. Strawberries forty years ago in the New York markets and others, as you may well recollect, some of you who are a little older than I am, were sold in little basket at about six pence apiece, and I suppose the whole product then disposed of in the New York market in a week would not compare with what you now dispose of in the Chicago market in an hour. And it is the same with other products, You in Chicago to-day, gentlemen, have products on your markets that a few j'cars ago were not thought of Much to my aston- ishment I found that the California prod- ucts are sold in Chicago at the same price that they are in the New York mar- ket or the Philadelphia market or any other market. That is by concentrated action. I came here to meet many old friends. I shall go home having made many firm and long lasting friendships. Such a reunion as we have had to-day is to be one of the most pleasant occasions in my life, and I thank you for this op- portunity of having met so many of you and I hope that our friendship, which has been cemented, will be everlasting. Upon request of the toast-master, Mr. 62 The American Florist. Aug. 24^ Robert Craig sang "Annie Laurie" in his usual happy way, the entire company joining in the chorus. Mr. Robert Kift then gave an illustra- tion of the production of a new plant. Mr. Kift is a prestidigitator of ability and with a pot of soil and a paper cone soon brought forth a plant of hardy phlox that rivalled the best catalogue pictures in dwarfness and generosity in bloom. This feat was greeted with pro- longed applause. Mr. Hugh M. Hughes favored the com- pany with the song "Racked in the cra- dle of the deep," and after a general handshaking the company dispersed. The Present of Floriculture. BY ROBERT CRAIG, PHILADELPHIA. \_Read before the Florists^ session of the Horti- cultural Congress at Chicago, A ugust 77.] I assume, that under the term "Flori- culture," may be considered ornamental horticulture in all its branches, including the adornment of parks, public gardens and home grounds, as well as interior decorations with flowering and foliage plants, and the use of cut flowers in the various ways that custom and individual taste may suggest, as well as methods of culture. It would be obviously improper in the short time allotted to attempt to go into details of the various branches; I can only take a hasty glance at the im- portant features, and what appears to be the prevailing tendencies of the times. My limited personal knowledge is con- fined to this country, but in the discussion which may follow we can look for wider information from the distinguished for- eigners present; of one thing we can rest assured, as long as the love of the beau- tiful inheres in man floriculture shall not lack ardent supporters. We are all interested in the floral adorn- ment of parks and public grounds, they are the great educators of the people; but still more important is it that our home surroundings be made attractive. The greatest of all human institutions, the world over, is the home; around it cluster all the fondest memories and associa- tions. The tasteful use of flowers and shrubs will enhance its beauty, and their care and culture afford restful and health- ful enjoyment. In the great rush of American life the garden offers rest. As our yet new country is gradually devel- oping there is a constantly growing ap- preciation of its great value as a retreat for over-worked men and women from the cares of our too active life. Much has latelv been written, and well written, in the leading horticultural journals, of the adornment of the spacious grounds sur- rounding the homes of the wealthy, but not enough in the way of suggestions as to the tasteful planting and correct cult- ure of the smaller gardens of those not so endowed with worldly possessions; there is not room in these little spots for exten- sive landscape effects; they must be adorned in a more or less lormal way, but such arrangement need not violate anv principle of true art. While considering this matter of out- door gardening, I would call attention to the fact that there are several schools of gardening, one of them is known as the "natural" school, its aim being to take nature for ateacherand to produce effects somewhat in the similitude of nature's own handiwork, and to conserve such elements of beauty as may exist before the energies and art of man are brought to bear. But it must be remembered that nature is not always beautiful; she pro- duces the poisonous and thorny weed and the noxious and tangled swamps as well as vegetation pleasing to the senses. The work of the landscape gardener is often to keep her in subjection, and not to blindly follow her. No garden can be altogether natural, and none altogether artificial. The so-called natural schgol is now largely represented in the horticult- ural literature of the times. It is to be deplored in these writings that there is a failure t» recognize the importance of a judicious use of color in enhancing land- scape effects, which may be done by the proper use of such shrubs and trees as the purple beech, golden sambucus, Cornus Spaethii, Acer Negundo variegata and the like, and by the use of masses of brilliant color, as is produced, for in- stance, by clumps of Asclepias tuberosa and similar flowering plants; and where brilliant effects are desired I can see no reasonable objection to the use of gera- niums, cannas, etc. I know it is objected b}' some of the radicals of the naturalistic school that these plants by their con- tinued bloom may be monotonous, but does not a landscape always green be- come monotonous? I know that the love of color is almost universal, and it is right that this feeling should be ministered unto. I do not object to green as the prevailing color, but is there not danger of a feeling of monotony when all bloom and bright foliage is conspicuously absent? Besides the natural style of landscape gardening there is another known as the architectural or formal; the latter recog- nizes that there exists in the minds of many a love of symmetry and regularity and the outcome is the production of formal beds in various attractive pat- terns, which, when the work is skillfully done, are much admired. The proper position for such beds is where they v/ill be in harmony with the architecture of the neighborhood, or where they may form part of a design including other beds, the whole being laid out on con- sistent geometrical lines. The weakness of the so-called "natural" school is that it almost or altogether ignores the im- portance of this branch of gardening. Fortunately there is another school of gardening kaown asthe composite, which is willing to recognize merit in both of the other schools, and whose present problem is to decide on the proper loca- tion and relations of illustrations of both methods, cheerfully recognizing that each is right in its own place. No less an authority than the distinguished French landscape gardener, Andre, has recently said: "To the composite style, which results from a mingling of the other two, under favorable conditions, belongs the future of gardening art." It is very gratifying that in this present time, more than ever before, there is a disposition on the part of our leading architects to recognize the importance of landscape gardening; it is now considered necessary to call in the landscape gar- dener for cons\iltation when a new place is to be created. And wonderful advances have already been made by this dispo- sition of the architect and landscape gar- dener to work together in harmony. What sad failures have resulted when the architect, no matter how eminent in his own profession, has alone designed the houses intended for plant culture. It can not be expected that he can understand the requirements of plant life, hence the necessity of consulting onewho has made these things a life study. Some uf the most gratifying exhibits at the World's Fair are the greenhouses and conserva- tories, which is the result of conferences between the best cultivators of plants and the greatest architects, the outcome being that the structures are beautiful from an architectural standpoint, and eminently adapted to the purpose re- quired. Another hopeful sign of the times is the interest taker in improved varieties of outdoor bedding plants, such as roses, geraniums, carnations, verbenas, etc. This is notable in the case of the d warf large flowering cannas of the Crozy type. These latter are destined to play a great part in the future of American gardening; they not only produce a continuation of brilliant bloom, but are also graceful in foliage and growth. Although to M. Crozy, of France, belongs the credit of discovering their susceptibility to im- provement, and of introducing many superb sorts, it has recently been found that the American climate is admirably adapted to the production of seed and development of seedlings, and a few ex- cellent ones have already appeared. This canna is a grand plant and its im- provement is yet in its infancy. Like the chrysanthemum it is destined to grow in popularity. There is also remarkable interest taken at the present time in the introduction and cultivation of hardy perennial plants; they are deservedly pop- ular, having the advantage of perma- nency, and if a proper selection be made keep up a continued bloom from early spring until frost comes in the fall. While outdoor gardening is receiving due atten- tion there was never a time when plants under glass and flowers for cutting were grown in such perfection, the improved greenhouses of to-day contributing greatly to the result. The growing in- terest in aquatic plants is especially noticeabk; their cultivation is yearly better understood, and many kinds are now successfully grown in the open air which a few years ago were not con- sidered. The amateur horticultural press and the trade journals are active and efficient in advancing horticulture, and daily papers and magazines cheerfully publish all matters of interest which they can procure, which are eagerly read by many. The modern trade catalogue must not be forgotten among the agencies which ad- vance horticulture. They are educational in a high degree, and their illustrations are faithful to nature more than at any previous time. It is to be hoped that botanical gardens will soon be established in several large cities; the plans and money for the pro- posed one in New York are nearly ready; this is to be somewhat on the plan of the famous Kew Garden at London, England. Who can fully appreciate the work that has been carried on at this institution in the past fifty years? Hundreds of young men have gone from there to all parts of the world well equipped in knowledge and full of enthusiasm begotten of con- tact with minds developed b3- the methods and association of that institution. On the whole the outlook is very encourag- ing; it is only necessary for each of us, while being diligent in our own business, to make some personal sacrifice for the public good, and to help by our sympathy and work all societies, clubs and man- agers of public exhibitions in every rea- sonable way. Dwarfing Plants In Japan. In his paper read before the Horticul- tural Congress at Chicago Mr. H. Izawa described the methods employed by Jap- anese gardeners to produce the dwarfed plants of which specimens are shown in i8g3. The a mer ican F lori s t. G3 FANCY BEDDING IN GARFIELD PARK. CHICAGO. the miniature Japanese garden at the World's Fair. He said: "The pines may be considered the most important of all trees in Japan, and great care is taken in their cultivation and preservation. The most popular ones are Pinusdensiflora, Pinusparviflora and Pinus Thunbergii. They are generally grown from seed, and great care is taken to select the choicest quality of seed. In the spring of the second year, when the seedlings are about eight inches in height, they are staked with bamboo canes and tied with rice straw, the plants being bent in different desirable shapes. lu the next fall they are transplanted to a richer soil and well fertilized. In the following spring the plants are restaked and twisted and tied in fanciful forms. This mode of treatment is given until the seventh year, when the trees will have assumed fairly large proportions, the branches being trained in graceful forms, and the foliage, like small clouds of dense green. The plants are now taken up and potted in pots eighteen inches in diameter and are kept well watered. Every succeeding year great care is taken of new shoots, which must be kept pinched back. After another three years of this treatment the trees are virtually dwarfed, there being no visible growth thereafter. "The dwarhng of the bamboo is an- other important branch of the Japanese nursery business. Three weeks after bamboo shoots begin to grow, and when the trunks measure about eight inches in circumference and five feet in height, the bark is removed piece by piece from the joint. After five weeks, when the plant gets somewhat stout, we bend and tie the stem zigzag. After three months, when the side shoots grow strong enough, we cut them all off five or six inches from the main trunk; they are then dug up and potted in sand. Care is taken not to use any fertilizer, but plenty of water is given. The large shoots are cut off every year, in May or June, and after three years the twigs and leaves present admirable yellow and green tints. "Thuyas are dwarfed by means of grafting. A Thuya Lobbi seedling is grown in fertile soil for three years, or until it becomes about five feet in height, then, in the middle of spring, all branches are cut off, leaving the trunk and top branch. Then witti a 14-inch chisel holes an inch deep are hollowed out every two or three inches in the thickest portion of the trunk, so that the trunk can be bent more easily in the desired direction. Rice straw is twisted around the trunk, which is bent in many curious forms and fanciful shapes. In springtime of the second year of this treatment the plants are potted in rich soil. In another two years, when the plants have assumed permanent forms. Thuya obtusa is grafted on the Lobbi stem. "The process of grafting is in brief as follows: Apply plenty of fertilizer to the Thuya Lobbi plant; in early spring take some 2-inch shoots of Thuya obtusa, cut the end in a slanting plane and insert on the smaller portions of the Thuya Lobbi trunk, one graft to every inch on the trunk; wrap the grafts with rice straw and take the plants to a shady windless room with a temperature of 35° P.; in- crease the temperature l°or 2° daily, and continue this for three weeks. By this time a little breeze may be-admitted, and leave the temperature of the room at 60° for two weeks and at 70° for two weeks; leaves will soon grow from the grafted twigs. In the latter part of spring, when the temperature in and out of doors be- comes uniform, the plants can be safely transferred to some shady position out of doors. In the fall, when all the grafts have taken good hold, cut ofTall the re- maining shoots of Thuya Lobbi; trans- plant every year in good rich soil. Six years will be sufficient to produce hand- some specimens of dwarfed thuyas. All kinds of conifers are treated in a similar manner. There is, also, a great demand for curiosities in mixed grafted conifers, that is, six or seven kinds of conifers on one plant. "Maples form one of the best materials for the artistic fancies of the Japanese graftsman. Many times a great many different varieties of maples are grafted on one stem. Seedling maples are spliced and tied together when growing. After they have formed a union the desired shoot is cut off; this is kept up until ten or twenty varieties are obtained. Maples thus grafted form lovely features for lawns, their varying hues and types of foliage enhancing each other's beauty. "Now, a few words regarding our miniature gardening. The esthetic idea shows itself in every line of Japanese in- dustries, and especially is it the case with our nurserymen and landscape gardeners. The most inexperienced need not fear any difficulty in our mode of gardening if he but uses his mind and efforts in the right direction. The skillful artist introduces into his miniature garden, not regular geo- metrical forms, but anything odd, irregu- lar and artistic. To us gardening is not mathematic, but an art; hills, dales G4 Fhe American Florist. Aug. 24^ rivulets, waterfalls, bridges, etc., vie witn each other in presenting their quaintest forms and fancies and harmonious symme- try. Dwarfed plants of all descriptions deck the scene here and there in thousands of peculiarly artistic shapes. We derive many lessons from nature, and strive to imitate her as much as is practicable, although on a smaller scale. It is in the person of a Japanese gardener that Dame Nature finds her most ardent lover; his is the ambition to make his country a place for men like Arnold to flee to when seeking a studio to the beauties of the 'Light of the World'." ^r^ Seasonable Hints. The first report ot the American Carna- tion Society gives a list of 420 varieties of carnations, which includes nearly all to date, but a few of the number are synonyms. Thegreat majority, however, are new to the trade, and consequently untried. Over one-fourth have been in- troduced during or since 1890, and have not yet become widely disseminated. These latter comprise many well worth a fair trial, of which we will mention the following that would seem to deserve ex- tended propagation and use: Christmas, Constancy, Crimson Coronet, Daybreak, Edelweiss, Edna Craig, Fred Creighton, Fred Dorner, Grace Battles, Grace Dar- ling, J. R. Freeman, Lizzie McGowan, Mrs. Fisher, Puritan, Thos. Cartledge, Wm. F. Dreer and Mme. Diaz Albertini. To this list may be added the following older varieties: Alegatiere, Anna Webb, Buttercup, Century, Chester Pride, Crimson King, Dawn, Duke 01 Orange, Edwardsii or Peerless, E. G. Hill, Ferdi- nand Mangold, Golden Gate, Golden Triumph, Grace Fardon, Grace Wilder, Hector, Hinsdale, Hinze's White, Jean- nette, J. J. Harrison, La Purite, L, L. Lamborn, Snowdon, Portia, Garfield or Robt. Craig, Orient, Philadelphia Red, Silver Spray, Sunrise, Tidal Wave, Var. La Purite, Waneta and Wm. Swayne. This list of fifty we think will include all those generally grown, and from which nine-tenths of the flowers are produced. A few others may have a local fame of which we are not aware. A few men- tioned above are old varieties once largely grown, now generally discarded, viz.: Crimson King, DukeofOrangc, Edwardsii, Grace Fardon, La Purite, Snowdon, Orient and Philadelphia Red. Many of the most recent introductions are very promising, and will no doubt take their places as standards. The above list we hope will simplify matters for the novice somewhat. But one must recollect he must choose such kinds as are suitable to his particular soil and surroundings. No carnation above mentioned can be grown universally. Daybreak, Grace Wilder, Portia, Tidal Wave and Silver Spray come nearer filling the bill in that particular than any we can mention, but even these will fail in some localities. The only directions we can give is to try the most likely sorts and hold on to those that do well. Do not invest too largely in novelties, but give the newer kinds a trial in a small way, when, it found to be suitable, they can be grown in quantity. In growing carnations for flowers but few kinds are needed, representing thedif- ferent colors. The selection of the proper kinds is a matter almost entirely of ex- perience. W. R. Shelmire. Avondale, Pa. Miscellaneous Seasonable Hints. Get your pots and soil ready to lift from the bench the chrysanthemums which you want for pot plants. The first week in September is the time. Then you have time to clear out the soil, overhaul the benches, and get in soil for carnations, which you will plant from the 15th to the 30th of September. Let the chrysan- themums be a little longer than usual without a wateiing and then water a few hours only before lifting. Get your fork well under and they will lift without losing a fibre and grow right along without a leaf turning yellow. Keep them well watered and syringed overhead three or lour times a day for the first week, after which time they wiQ be sufficiently well rooted in the pots to have plenty of light and air. But don't put them out of doors at any time. They will nearly double in size after being lifted and potted, and will well fill the pots with roots, so a little bone meal mixed with the potting soil is necessary to carry them through the flowering time if the best results are looked for. Just as soon as convenient put one strong stake in the center of these plants and support each branch with fine smilax twine to the centre; that's enough to hold them together and they won't have that wretched staked appearance that you see on some so called specimen plants; neither will they look like a cos lettuce tied up to bleach, which is liable to be the case when one string surrounds the whole bush. About September 1st sow another lot of cineraria, primula and calceolaria. As all these thrive in a cool temperature it is much easier to grow the second lot (which should be managed to come in at Easter) than it is to summer the May and June sown crop. If the come up is good don't be afraid to throw away 75 percent, of them. The call is limited for such plants and they want lots of room (cineraria and calceolaria especially) to grow them well. It is no earthly use to grow them at all unless you can give them sufficient room to amply develop their leaves, so grow only what you can afford to treat properly. Begonia semperflorens gigantea, a fine house plant for midwinter, should have its top pinched out now and shifted into its flowering pot, a 5 to 6-inch; be- sides being a fine pot plant, the large scarlet flowers of this beautiful begonia are very useful at times. It is not yet too late to sow hollyhocks for next summer's flowers. There is an increasing demand for these every year and I have found good strong young plants very difficult to procure. Sow the best strain you can buy, and when large enough pot into 2-inch pots and grow them along outdoors till November 1st, then shift into 3-inch, or better into 4- inch Dots if you can afford the room. The best I ever grew were wintered iu a very cool house, but a well protected cold frame will do for them. Plant out in spring as soon as soil is dug and dry enough and you will be well rewarded for the little trouble over them. There is nothing like experience, so I beg to give mine, and that is that the best hollyhocks I ever grew, which were eight feet high, well branched, with hundreds of flowers on every plant, were planted in a stiff brick clay with plenty of good manure added to it. Delphinium formosum. Coreopsis lan- ceolata, and other useful perennials, can now be sown, and may be wintered in a cold frame. They will be very useful to all those who have land enough for them. It is a good time now to root a few hundred of the double sweet alyssum for winter bloom. Take of course only the young tender shoats. Some find this lit- tle flower so useful for design work that I see it grown on benches, but if you don't want that amount, a few dozen plants along the edge of your carnation bed is indispensable to the retail florist and is clear profit. Don't neglect to train up your young shoots of smilax and asparagus everv few days, and when they are a little longer they won't depart from the string. Buffalo, August 21. Wm. Scott. Philadelphia. Trade light ! ! ! The trade is no lighter this August than any other August, so far as I have been able to find out. The depression in trade generally, which has swept o'er the length and breadth of the country with un- mistakable effect has not had anything to do with the florists' business during July and August excepting as regards collections, and our business has suffered in that respect equally with most others. Florists as a rule are neither pessimists nor are they optimists, but generally speaking they all have an eye on the main chance, and many of them "get there" at least with one foot and some of them with both feet. It is idle to attempt to predict what will be the probable out- come during the comingseason. All that can be done at present is to hope for the best, and prepare for the worst. Mr. H. H. Battles has returned from his four weeks vacation in the New Hampshire hills very much improved in appearance and health. He looks as though he would be well able to take good care of the business which he feels entitled to, and expects to secure during the season to come. Mr. Battles is not a pessimist. Mr. Thomas Cartledge — the old relia- ble—with his daughter is about to start — if he has not already gone — to the World's Fair. Thomas is fully entitled to his vacation, and every body wishes him a good time and a safe return. Mr. George Craig has returned from the World's Fair and St. Louis. In George's undemonstrative way he speaks very highly of what he saw at the white city. He takes the defeat of the Philadel- phia bowling team very philosophically. At the regular stated meeting of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, which was held last Tuesday in St. George Hall, southwest corner of Arch and Thirteenth streets, in the absence of the president and vice-presidents, Edwin Lonsdale was, on motion of D. Beam, called upon to occupy the chair. Secretary Farson reported, on behalf of the committee on arrangements, that he had visited and examined all the avail- able and promising halls in the city with a view to the selection of one in which to hold the next fall exhibition and chrysan- themum show, and in his judgment con- sidered that the Armory Drill Hall and parlors (I forget the name of the regi- ment to which it belongs) on Broad street, not so far north of the Public Buildings as the ruined Horticultural Hall is south of that pile. So that it is in a very desirable neighborhood, quite con- venient to either Broad Street Station jSgs. The American Florist. G5 A TASTEFULLY ARRANGED SMALL GROUP OF DECORATIVE PLANTS. (Pennsylvania R. R.) or Market Street Station (Philadelphia & Reading R. R.) The patrons and members cannot com- plain of the location; nor can they find any fault with the hall. Excepting that there is no lower hall, and the foyer is lacking, the dimensions of the main hall are very little short of being what old Horticultural Hall is, or rather was. What bothers the committee of arrange- ments now is the time for keeping the show open. For some few years back it has been thought advisable to keep open the show for two weeks instead of one, and last fall the committee on revision of schedule made the necessary provisions in the list of prizes and offering of premiums to allow fir two weeks' con- tinuance, but now it is somewhat doubt- ful since the old hall has been burned down whether this arrangement can be carried out, as it would put the regiment to much more inconvenience to allow their hall to be in the hands of the horti- culturists for more than one week. One of the troubles seems to be that under the enlarged schedule all the competing exhibits could not find adequate space in the hall selected if the time of the exhibi- tion is to be reduced to one week. It is deemed advisable and necessary to call the committee on the revision of the schedule together for the purpose of cut- ting the offers of premiums down so as to make the exhibits in accordance with the space at command and the time to one week. Some of the committee are anxious lest exhibitors may object to the change, but no reasonable man can object, be- cause it is not the fault of the society that it is necessary to make some changes in the schedule and the length of time to hold the show open. The adjustment of the damages to Hor- ticultural Hall still hangs fire. It seems from what can be learned that the two appraisers — one selected by the insurance company and the other by the trustees of Horticultural Hall — could not, or would not, agree upon a third appraiser. Super- intendent Parson, it is stated, has now assumed control, and we may now rea- sonably hope that a speedy termination of the matter will be effected which will, we trust, be fair and equitable to all the parties concerned. Fire insurance agents have a choice stock of expressions which they make the most effective use of when soliciting trade, but, judging from the experience of the trustees of Horticultural Hall and some others who have met with misfortune by fire, it would almost seem as if it would be the most satisfactory to insure our- selves. The report of the special committee on library at the aforesaid meeting of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society stated that over $1,100 had been col- lected, over $600 had been spent and that over $400 was still in hand. At the first blush after it is mentioned that Atlantic City, N. J., had been selected as the next place of meeting for the convention of the S. A. F., it does not seem to be quite the place, but the more apparent it becomes that very few places in the country offer the same induce- ments. Some good judgment is necessary in the selection of the time of sessions so as to give the members a free foot during the regulation bathing hours. Florists, as a rule, are early risers, so that there is no reason at all why sessions should not commence as early as eight or not later than nine o'clock in the morning. This would be one way to take time by the forelock and it would leave little or no excuse for the members to go away be- fore the first business of the day was transacted. Atlantic City is inclined to be gay in the evening, so that perhaps it will be best to do away with the evening session and have a session in the after- noon. All these matters will bear very careful consideration at the hands of the executive committee at its next annual meeting, which, according to usage, is held in the winter season in the city which has been selected for the next con- vention. The opera house at Atlantic City, which everybody who was inter- ested in the movement to bring the next convention to the city by the sea, had his eye upon in which to hold all the business sessions, unfortunately was burned to the ground a day or two ago. Whether it will be rebuilt in time for next August is doubtful, as it is stated that the build- ing had not been a very profitable invest- ment to the owners. However, other places may be found in good time, it is to be hoped, which may answer the purpose quite as well. At the next meeting of the Florists' Club of Philadelphia I suppose committees will be appointed to look after the different interests of the next convention. It has been stated since Atlantic City has been selected that the florists of New Jersey had contemplated inviting the S. A. F. to that point to hold its regular convention. If that be so it is unfortu- nate that Philadelphia should have stolen this march upon their brethren in New Jersey. One thing is certain, the Phila- delphia boys were not aware that such a project was in contemplation, or I am sure the action taken would not have been attempted. The La Roche & Stahl failure is still fruitful of much comment. Many of the florists have not yet signed the agree- ment, though most of them seem inclined to do so. Some have not yet returned from the World's Fair. Nothing definite can be known until they have all re- turned, notwithstanding that it has been asserted in some quarters that every- thing had been arranged for the firm to continue in business at the old stands. It is a bad failure. There is no doubt that it was the real estate transactions which swamped them, and it will take a healthy boom in real estate in the neighborhood of Collingdale to lift them out of their present difficulties, and it is to be hoped that success will crown their laudable efforts to pay every dollar they owe with interest. Only one of the team of bowlers from this city, who took part in the tourna- ment at St. Louis, has so far been seen. Whether they have deferred their return until the matter has blown over or not I have no means of knowing. Certain it is that none of them have been seen in their G() The American Florist. Aug. 24, old haunts up to this time. The least said about the matter the better. It was a sad termination to the trip of Mr. and Mrs. Burton, who had gone to St. Louis and who expected to spend some time at the World's Fair. The cause of their suddenly being called home wa a serious accident which happened to 1 rs. Burton's mother, Mrs. Lees. A turn or the better has now set in and it is to Ije hoped that she will soon be well and strong again. The weather hereabouts is unusually dry, no rain of any consequence has fallen for several weeks. Everything outdoors is suffering in consequence, and carna- tions and many other things useful to florists will be much smaller than usual at lilting time, next fall. This at least can not be blamed upon the new admin- istration. L. Boston. The excursionists to St. Louis and Chicago have been returning one by one or in small groups, and all with the same story to tell, of a thoroughly enjoyable time. All claim to have had the best trip on record, and they chuckle audibly as they hear the story of scorching days which the stay-at-homes had to en- dure in the meantime. Local tradecontinuesdull. Gladioluses, asters and garden flowers in general are very abundant. The wholesale dealers have begun to feel quite a pressure from the seaside, Bar Harbor especially having made some pretty heavy demands on their resources during the past week. The free Saturday exhibitions at Horti- cultural Hall are now at their height, and from 12 till 3 o'clock the hall is crowded. Gladioluses, dahlias, asters, tuberous begonias and hardy perennials in great variety constitute the great part of the shows at present. Much pleasure and satisfaction is ex- pressed here over the news that Hon. C. W. Hoitt, of Nashua, N. H., has been nominated as World's Fair commissioner in place of Geo. F. Page, of Concord, re- signed. Judge Hoitt is one of the boys and is very popular wherever known. The announcement that Elijah A. Woodi of West Newton, had been elected presi- dent of the American Chrysanthemum Society was also received with much favor. "Little Woodie" is another one of the boys. Mr. Alexander Montgomery arrived home but three hours before the time set for his mother's funeral. A more sudden and terrible affliction could scarcely befall any one, and much sympathy is expressed on all sides. Buffalo. There is no break in our long continued drought, the longest and most severe the writer can remember in this or any other country. The dust has been laid tvvice in about twelve weeks. The grass is dried up and the "poor" grasshoppers have to come to town to get something green to nibble at, and the popular question just ijow, when you meet a friend, regardless of his or her profession, is "How are the grasshoppers with you." They have done much harm in the greenhouses and some of the florists have been so troubled with their visits they have found it neces- sary to cover ventilating space with muslin. This protracted dry spell has raadt; all kinds of flowers scarce especially where the hose could not reach them. Business is very erratic; one day it is wich vou and the next it is not and more often it is the latter. I have never seen white carnations so scarce, and sweet peas will soon be gone. The advent of good roses will soon come and welcome they will be. The strong smelling Lilium auratum is with us in abundance and they are all used up. Mr. J. F. Cowell is busy looking upex- hibitora and exhibits for the big inter- state fair at Elmira next week, of the horticultural department of which he has charge. Buff"alo's representation at St. Louis was awfully small but verj- select, what there was of it. All the boys seem to have some good excuse for non-attend- ance. The Florist has been looked for all the more eagerly to see all the happen- ings. And they all seem to have had a good time as well as an instructive one. All we absentees can console ourselves with is that Atlantic City is to come. I regret to have to announce the death of Mrs. George Troup, wife of the super- intendent of our beautiful Forest Lawn Cemetery. The occurance is lamentable. Mrs. Troup will be sincerely mourned, not only by a large family, but by a very wide circle of friends. Our boys will play the Rochester ball tossers the return game of ball in the above city August 22. The Rochester team were not satisfied with the drubbing they got here but want it "rubbed in." I wish you would allow me to say that the able report of the game played here and signed "W. S." was not by his pen at all. If it had been of course it would have read different. W. S. Recent Legal Decisions. Right of Surviving Partners to Carry on Same Line of Business. Upon the dissolution of a partnership firm by the death of one of its members the surviving partners may carry on the same line of business at the same place as was transacted the firm business, with- out liability to account to the legal rep- resentative of the deceased partner for the good will of said firm, in the absence of their own agreement to the contrary. Lobeck v. Lee, Sup. Ct., Neb. 55 N. W. Rep. 650. Unfair Competition on Part of Vendor of Goodwill. The good will of a business comprises those advantages which may inure to the purchaser from holding himself out to the public as succeeding to an enterprise which has been identified in the past with the name and repute of his predecessor. Any conduct on the part of a vendor of a good will, calculated to impair the value of these advantages, is a breach of prom- ise, implied in sales of every description, that the vendor will not disturb the vendee in the enjoyment of his purchase. Knoedler v. Glaenzer. Cir. Ct. App. 55 Fed. Rep. 895. Jacksonville, III.— The florists at this place are wide awake during the dull season; thev are hard at work preparing for winter. The plant of Mr. Jos. Heinl looks fine; he has the finest carnation plants the writer ever saw at this season of the year. He is rebuilding his old houses. Do YOU WANT an alphabetical list of the chrysanthemums in commerce in America, with class and a brief accurate description of each one, and synonyms noted? You will find such a list in our trade direct- ory and reference book. Grafton, Mass. — Frank Fisher is about to build an addition 200x14 feet. St. Louis. The Houlihan Floral Co., a new firm, has begun the erection, at the west end, of seven greenhouses, 20x100 each. The houses will be devoted principally to the production of cut roses for the wholesale trade. It is the intention to increase the plant to twenty houses next season. Corfu, N. Y. — Webb Brothers have just completed the re-planting of three of their large greenhouses to roses, the last one containing 1,700 young plants. Their stock consists of American Beauties, Meteors, Mermets, Brides and La France. When sending us newspapers contain- ing items you wish us to note please do not fail to distinctly mark the item so it can be easily found, as we can not spare the time to hunt through the mass of papers sent us for unmarked items. We request subscribers to make remit- tance by draft or money order when re- newing subscriptions, and to keep a record of the numbers and dates of same. This is to guard against losses in the mails. Chester, Pa.— Thomas Delahunt, the Chester florist, is building two new green- houses, each 20x100 feet. OUR TRADE DIRECTORY AND REFERENCE BOOK WITH CORRECTION SHEET FOR 1893 $2.00. AMERICAN FLORIST COMPANY, ' CHICAGO. i893' The American Florist, 67 IKI'^H JUNIPERS AT DOSOKIS. THE ABOVE IS A SPECIMEN OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS USED L\ A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL FOR AMATEURS IN GARDENING. ED'.TED BY WILLIAM FALCONER. ; THE GARDENING COMPANY, You will benefit your business by getting this publi cation into the hands of your customers. 68 The American Florist, Aug. 24, Subr.crlptioD $1.00 a Year. To Europe, $2.00. Advertisements, 10 Cents a Line, Agate; Inch, Si. 40; Column, $14.00. Cash with Order. No Special Position Gnaranteed. Discounts, 6 times, 5 per cent; 13 times, 10 per cent; 26 times. 20 per cent; 52 times, 30 per cent. No reduction made for large space. The Advertlslna Department of the American FLORIST Is for Florlatfl. Seedsmen, and dealers In wares pertaining to those lines ONLY. Please to remember It. Orders (or less than one-halt inch space not accepted. Advertisements must reach us by Monday to secure Insertion In the Issue for the following Thursday. Address THE AMERICAN FLORIST CO.. Chicago. A World's Horticultural Society. At meetings held August 21 and 22 in the office of the Chief of the Horticultural Department of the World's Fair, action ■was taken looking to the organization of the "World's Horticultural Society." While the meeting was not as representa- tive as could be wished and action w^as rather hastily taken, it is to be hoped that the errors of haste may be corrected and the work laid out on the broad lines necessary to make such a society of real and permanent value. The meeting even went so far as to elect officers, which are as follows: President, P. J. Berckmans of Georgia; Vice-President, Henri L. de Vilmorin of France; Secretary-Treasurer, Geo. Nicholson of England. Under the plan adopted the president is to appoint a secretary-treasurer for each country represented in the society. One plan was that the society should be, if possi- ble, a federation of existing horticultural organizations, that all might work in harmony together in matters of interna- tional interest, but an amendment that was adopted provided for individual membership also. Still the whole proj- ect is yet in the rough and the plan adopted is so elastic that objectionable features can be eliminated and useful ones added. Some 18 or 20 have handed in their names as members and the list is at present in the office of Chief Samuels in the Horticultural Building at the Fair, where those interested may call and add their names on payment of the individual membership fee, which is $2. Cromwell, Conn.— A. N. Pierson has commenced the erectionof two new green- houses, each about 250 feet long. Livingston and the tomato is the title of a book of 172 pages by A. W. Livings- ton; it contains a varietj' of information concerning this favorite vegetable, its culture and varieties (A. W. Livingston's Sons, Columbus, Ohio, publishers). Peoria, III. — Business has been fair for summer trade. Cut flowers scarce and poor quality. Outside of funeral work the florists have had little cut flower work. No storms have struck us, but we are all on a stiike for rain. Cole Bros, are pulling down old houses and re-building. The firm of Shoaff & Wiley is dissolved. New Ohleans.— At the last meeting of the Horticultural Society the annual elec- tion of officers took place, with the fol- lowing result: President, Mathew Cook; vice-president, J. H. Menard; secretary, Paul Abeic; treasurer, John Eblen. The election was followed by a supper. Busi- ness is very dull, and the extreme drouth has been very hard on plants outside. J. B. DEAMUD &. CO. Wholesale 6ui Flowers, ^S I^a^lx:© Stretst, Exclusive Agency lor CUT FLOWERS grown by MR. O. P. BASSETT. CHICAGO. HEADQUARTERS FOR BEAUTIES. THEY SAY "T8PJR5GU8 plumosus nbnus at 50 cents a string, 8 to 12 feet in length, is the cheapest and best material for deco- rating, as it will stand longer and look better than any other green in this hot weather. OKUEB IN LAKGK OK SMALL QUANTITIES, FKOM W. H. ELLIOTT, Brighton, Mass. Boston CG-Operative Flower Growers win remove their Wholesale Cut Flower Market to No. 1 Fark Street, and will be all ready for husl- neys Septeuilier fi, 1893. The rapidly IncreaBuiK demand for stallB, Bpaces and advertlslnt: space In the market innkes It necessary for uBtoobtJihi larger quarters. This new market con- talnn thrt-e times the floor space and 1b more centrally located timn the present one. There will be an auction sale of the preferences of stalls In the market 'J'uesday. Sept. 6. 18ttt, at il:3U a. m. AB.STUACT FKOM HV-LAWS. Sec. '6. Any grower who has on becoming a memlier of this corporation and subsequently establishes a store for the purpose of disposing of his products by retailing or otherwise in the city of Boston or having any connection (u- Interest wltli any such store, shall be required to withdraw from the corporation. Advertisers wishing tu renew their contracts fnr the coming year can do so at once. Application for adver- tising space shoultl be sent to W. W. TAILBY. Wellesley, Mass. OF OUR Trader Directory .A. IT 33 REFERENCE BOOK if you do not already have one. We will send you one together with our Supplement for 18'J3 for ^aS.OO. AMERICAN FLORIST CO., p. O. Drawer 164. CHICAGO. KOR SALE. THE CUTS USED IN ILLUSTRATING THIS PAPER. Write for prices ou any which you have seen In previous issues and would like. AMERICAN FLORIST CO. GREENH0US6 HEHTING. BY A. B. FOWLElt. Bxplalnc fully all the beat Bystems of heating greenhuuses by both hot water and low-pressure Bteam. Tells you the pnlntB tocnnsldor tn selecting an apparatus. How to utljust sumo to various loca- tions; gives the results *>{ tlir hitest sclentlHc ex- periments Shows how to compute the number of feetof pipe required for a given space; draftand other Important matters. It iB highly <''iniiiiended by Mr. John Thorpe ana others. Postpaid, T&c. Sent on receipt of price. Address, CHXCAGO'. WHOLESALE FLORISTS N. E. CORNER & Chestnut Sts., PHILADELPHIA. SAMUEL S. PENNOCK, Wholesale Florist REMOVED TO REAR OF 42 S. 16th ST.. X>IilIIilB, X>a. THE SMILAX KING! ]|i[l]0? KOFFMAN, WhPPP 9 WALDEN. UllClC .' Orange Co., N.Y. "? SMILAX 25c. a string; 20c. a string by the hun- dred ; 18c. a string by the thousand. WII6D ? ALL THE TEAR AROUND. And he pays the Express. HARDY CUT FERNS LAUREL FESTOONING, ETC. The only place in the world where you can Always get them, 18 Chapman PIaS-ICE S2.00. AIVIERICAN FLORIST CO , p. O. Drawer 164. CHICAGO, ILL. CUT ®:iM[irvA.x:, IScts. per string' till November 1st. Quality flrst-class t^peciiil attention to orders by wire. J. E. BONSALL & SON. 308 Garfield Ave.. Salem. 0 BURNS & RAYNOR. 49 West 28tli Street, WHOLESAIii: SEALEKS XS ANS SHIFFEKS OF WALTER F. SHERIDAN, WHOLESALE 32 West 30th Street. HEW YORK. Rotei Shipp<^(i to all Points. Price list on spplicatioiv HUNTER & FUBDY, WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Cut ^Flowers 51 W. 30th St., NEW YORK. FRANK D. HUNTEK. JAMES PUKDY, Formerly 112 W. 40th 8t JAMES HART, WH0LE8JLE FLORIST, 117 W- 30th St.. new YORK. fhe Oldest Established Commission House in N. Y. LARGE SHIPPING TRADE. CAREFUL PACKIHfl. THEO. BOEHBS, WHOLESALE FLORIST, 111 WEST 30th street. NEW YORK CITY. Established 1879 MILLANG BROS., Wholesale Florists, 17 WEST 28TH STREET, BRANCH: Cut Flower Exchange, 408 E. 34th Street. MICHAEL A. HART. Wholesale! Commission Florist 113 WEST 30th street. THE FINEST ROSES AND CARNATIONS. Branch, at Cut Flower Exchange. 408 E. 34th St. EDWARD C. HORAN, 34 W. ?9th Street. MEW YORK. Wholesale Florist Careful Shipping to all parts of the country. Price list on application. (Successor to ELLISON & KUEHN), i»^ WHOLES ALE ^g» 1122 FIlSrE STUKKT, (St:, l^oxalcs, Ado. A oomplete line of Wire Designs. W. ELLISON. WHOLESALE Gut Flowers I Florists' Supplies I402 PINE STEET. •»f St. Loxaisi, ado. 70 The American Florist. Aug. 24, Florists' Hail Association. The annual meeting of the directors of the Florists' Hail Association, held at St. Louis, elected the following officers: J. M.Jordan, president; James Horan, vice- president; John G. Esler, secretary; M. A. Hunt, treasurer. Mr. J. C. Vaughan, the former treasurer, felt unwilling to retain the office unless a sufficient salary could be paid to secure an assistant. No amend- ment having been offered to ask for such increase the only alternative was to elect another treasurer, and the directors were more than fortunate in securing Mr. M. A. Hunt for the position. Mr. E. G. Hill, the first treasurer, dropped the office be- cause he found it impossible to give it his attention, and Mr. Vaughan now does likewise. Very few persons know the amount of work that is thrown upon the executive officials of the association, and those who have filled the positions here- tofore have done a great deal of hard work to make the association successful with but trifling compensation. John G. Esler. WiLLiAMSPORT, Pa.— Evendcn Brothers have finished building a handsome range of new greenhouses, comprising one IS- foot even span house for carnations and two three-quarter span 18-foot rose houses. Each of the rose houses have a violet pit in front and a propagating house at the back. All the houses are 110 feet long and will be heated with steam. The rose houses are planted with Perles, Brides, Mermets and Niphetos, and the carnation house and violet pits are being rapidly prepared to receive their occupants. The steadily increasing trade of Messrs. Evenden Bros., has ren- dered this addition necessary. The annual report of the American Association of Nurserymen for 1893 has been issued. It contains a full record of the proceedings of the last convention and like all the reports of this associa- tion is an exceedingly interesting and valuable document to the nurserymen of the country. Membership in the asso- ciation (which entitles to the report) may be had on application to the secretary, Mr. George C. Seager, Rochester, N. Y. The annual fee is $2. West Chester, Pa— The greenhouses connected with the nurseries of Hoopes Bros. & Thomas, together with a large part of the contents, were debtroyed by fire on August 13. Supposed to have been incendiary. Loss $5,000. Springfield, Mass —President Geo. S. Lewis of the Hampden County Horticul- tural Society has resigned. The midsum- mer showof the society on August 11 and 12 was a pronounced success. You can't afford to do business with- out a copy of our trade directory and ri-ference book. The American Florist and Gardening totrether to one address for $1.75. Send orders to the American Florist Co. SITUATIONS, WANTS. FOR SALE. ArlvertlHementa under this head will be Inserted at the rate of 10 cents a line (ueven words) each Inser- tion. Cash must accompany order. Plant advs. not admitted under this bead. SITUATION WANTKD-My an experienced tl.irl.^t tj ilnll^'ll^f]ener. AdilroHs K. IlvW, cure MrM. Jowepbacn, 'Mi No. Green St., Chicago. SITUATION WANTED— Ab foreman In coniniercliil place; age 3U; married. Flrst-clasN refen-n(u;». AddrcsM Kuskn. box til, l*r<»vlclen. FOR SALE OR TO RENT. The following greenhouse property, situated on the outskirts of Springfield, the City of Houses; or will sell Greenhouses, Stock and Fixtures and give ten years' lease of 2 acres land. Ten houses in all — 5 houses, 10 feet wide, 65 feet long; 4 houses, 18 feet wide, 65 feet long; 1 house, 18 feet wide, 65 feet long. Steam plant! New double Florida Boiler. Stock in goocf condition, with a large and extra good home market. This is an opportunity in a fife-time, as present owner has other interests to look after. If you are looking for a chance, apply at once to JST. r>. "WUVTEJiR, 5 Kim Street, SPRINGFIELD, MASS. Phoenix rupicola. This useful and beautiful Date Palm in EXTRA FINE PLANTS, growing in from 7 to 10-inch pots, from ^.50 to $7.50 each, accordingto sire. EDWIN LONSDALE, Wyndmoor, STATION "G," PHILADELPHIA. 'Chestnut Hill P. O.) YOUNG PALMS. TO MAKE ROOM WE OFFER A BARGAIN IN LATANIAS, 4-inch stuff, grown cold, well rooted, 3 to 5 character leaves, ready tor 5-inch pots, per dozen, $4.00; per JOO, $30.00. PHIENIX RECLINATA, 5-inch, good value at doz. |5.00. LILIUM CANDIDUM, large, plump, sohd bulbs, per 100 $2.75; per 1000 $23.00. FREESIAS, clean, large, healthy bulbs, first size |4.50; select $7.50 per 1000. ROMANS, PAPER WHITE NARCISSUS, and a FULL LINE of all Fall Stock. ROSE C. SOUPERT, 2>^-inch, fine stuff, per 100 $3.50; 3;^-inch, per 100 |8 00. VAUGHAN'S INTERNATIONAL PANSY MIXTURE, Xow Ready, is a World Beater. NEW CROP SEED, per 's oz. $1.50; oz. |10,00. Also separate colors in great assortment. Vaughan's Seed Store, 148 W. Washington St., CHICAGO. 26 Barclay St., NEW YORK. i893- The American Florist. 71 0 t 0 Mention American Florist. QNION SEED= • OUR SPECIALTY. Grown from selected Onions and the purest stock in the United States. 1893 CROP 1893 Yellow Globe Danvers, 1 Yellow Flat Danvers, I Write for Extra Earlv Red, f Prices. Wethersfield. J GOX SEED AND PLANT 60. SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. (SBIVD for Catalogue of IJAPAN BULBS. SEEDS and SHRUBS, ARAUCARIAS, TREE FERNS, AUSTRA- LIAN PALM SEEDS, CALI- FORIA BULBS and SEEDS to H. H. EBtabllBhed 1S7.9. BERGER A. CO., SAN FRANCISCO, CAI.. Bulbs ^Plants. FOR CATALOGUES, ADDRESS C. H. JOOSTEN, IMPORTEH, 3 COENTIES SLIP, NEW YORK. Choice Sweet Peas. Being the largest growers of the above iu the world the trade are invited to send a list of their require- ments and secure low prices for Fall delivery. SHERWOOD HALL NURSERY CO. Menio Park and San Francisco. Cal. SMI LAX. First-class, from 2;^-inch pots, |2.50 per 100; |20 00 per 1000. Sample free. CYCLAMEN persicum giganteum, 3-in. pots. $6 a 100 ""•"' J. Q. ^virro-w, FISHKILL, N. Y. SMI LAX Extra Strong I'lants, from 2j^-inch pots only. »1. 76 per 100. JftilG.OO per 1000. Heite Floral Company 712 Linwood Ave., Kansas City, Mo. Berlin Lily of the Valley Pips, A 1 QUALITY. I. MARTENS, HAMBURG, GERMANY. NIAMNIOTH BULBS .... LILIUM HARRISII FOR EXHIBITION purposes and for growing SPECIMEN PLANTS. Very choice and scarce. Price, $25.00 per 100. Also a fine lot of 5 to 7, and 9 to 11 Price, 5 to 7, $3.00 per 100; $25.00 per 1000. Price, 9 to 11, $12.00 per 100. F. R. PIERSON COMPANY, HULSEBOSCH BROS., BULB AND PLANT GROWERS, OVERVEEN. near Haarlem. HOLLAHD. Per lUO 1000 Llllum Harrlsli, 4 to o-lnch in circ SJ.'JU flfl.UO 5 to 7-lnch In circ 3.0U 24.U0 7 to it-inch In clrc 5.25 47.00 S to 12-liich In circ 11.00 lUO. 00 Llllum Longlflorum 10 per cent dearer than Llllum Harrlsli. Roman Hyacinths, extra selected S.IiO 22.00 top roots S.OO "S^M Na»cls. Totus Albus, extra selected — 1 .00 7.50 •■ Grandiaor'm.ext s'lc d l.oO 11.00 Fall Wholesale Catalogue now ready. Address A. HULSEBOSCH, p. 0. Box 3118. Warehouse 58 West Street, NEW YORK CITY. New List now ready; free to appli- cants. Address . . . August Rolker& Sons, p. O. station E, NEW YORK. G. J. MOPPATT, Manufrtotiirer of PAPER BAGS AND ENVELOPES Special attention given to Seed Bags and Catalogue Etivelopes. NErar HAITEN, CONN. Cyclamen Seeds. KOCHS SUPERB PRIZE CYCLAMEN, THE FINEST STRAIN IN ^HE WORLD. Bright darkred 1000 seeds W. a) Rose of Marlenthal 1000 seeds 4.51) Wblte with carmine eye 1000 seeds 3.75 Mout Blanc, extra lOOO seeds 6.25 Cash with order. LUDWIG KOCH. Wandsbek, Hamburg, Germany. If you plant pansles. It will be to your advantage to plant at least one hundred of the beautiful strain I am offering for sale, as a trial. The flowers are very large and beautifully marked. Fine plants ready Sept. 1 and atter, at 65o. per 100. and $5.00 per 1000. Cash with order. Money Order OtBce. Lancaster, P;i. ELMER J. WEAVER, Ronks, Lane. Co., Pa. We Sell Mushroom Spawn. LILIUM HARRISII AND DUTCH BULBS. Special Low Prices to Florists and Dealers. WEEBER & DON, Seed ^lerchants and Growers, 114 Chambers St., New York. Please write on your printed letter head when addressing our advertisers. If j'ou have no printed letter head, then enclose your business card or bill head. Do YOU WANT a list of the leading cem- etery superintendents? You will find such a list in our new trade directory and rcierence book. HARRISII, ROMANS. Our stock is unsurpassed, the bulbs are solid, thoroughly ripened and cured, well formed and up to measurement. FREESIAS. Select Stock. Per 100, 75 cents; per 1,000, S4..50. PAXST SEED. BARNARD'S FLORIST MIXTURE is popular wherever tried. Trade packet, 25 cts.; Ja ounce. SI. 00. W. W. Barnard & Co. 6 and 8 N. Clark Street, CHICAGO. NOW READY. BOMANS, HABKISII, NARCISSUS, F. W. GBANDIFLOKA, CANDIDTJMS. WISCONSIN FLOWER EXCHANGE, 468 MiUvankee St., Milwaukee, TVia. TRY DREER'S GflRDtN SE.E.DS, Plants. Bulbs & Requisites. They are the best at the lowest prices. Trade List is- sued quarterly, mailed free to the trade only. HENKY A. DREEK, Philadelphia, Pa. Mention American Florlet. MflRlE LOUISE VIOLETS Field j;rown plants. Fine stock. PER HUNDRED $10.00 PER THOUSAND 80.00 5u0 at lOuO raie. p. O. box U2. NEW HAMHUKGH, N. Y. TRADE MARKS . COPYRIGHTS. SOLICITOR OF U. S. AND FOREIGN PATENTS, Atlantic Ituilding, Wasliington, D. C. fSend sketch or model for free examination as to patentability.) :iBX7X>:^8! i^XTc^iiss: "'Lilium Auratum, Spec. Rnbrum, Spec. Album, Longiflorum, etc. Order now. Callas, Callas. at lowest rates: Fresh Cut Cycas leaves, orices and sizes to suit all. Fresh im- ported Cycas, lowest prices. Camellias, Pseonias, Japan Maples, and tor general Japanese stock seeds. Remember we guarantee sound delivery, still goods travel at owner's risk. Apply to Nursery and Greenhouses, 303 to 312 Wayne Street, SAX FRANCISCO, C.4L. Please mention the American Flo- rist every time you write any of the advertisers on this page. 72 The American Florist, Aug. 24, Baltimore. The last meeting of the club was very well attended. Secretary McRoberts read a short paper on herbaceous perennials, giving ali^tof twenty-five varieties which he thought worthy of cultivation. Among the questions answered or dis- cussed were: "Should rose benches be drained or will chopped sod do?" Answered: Sod will do for ordinary shallow benches. "Is a windmill a satisfactory power for wat^r supply?" A hydraulic ram was suggested as preferable where a head of water could be had, but a windmill seemed to give more general satisfaction if con- nected with a large tank. "What is the difference in effect on plants of manure from grain-fed cows and from those fed on distillery slop?" With no ceitain figures of careful experiments nothing definite could be deteriLined on this, but Mr. E. Herman voiced the opinion of the club in saying that he con- sidered manure from distillery-fed cows almost worthless. A little trip to the florists about the en- trance to Baltimore Cemetery will show any one several of the neatest and most profitable small establishments in the city. In a short distance of each other, half a block or so, are located Messrs. E. Herrman, E. Kress, Hy. Bauer, and just around the corner, on Gay street, Mr. Wm. Eraser has his place. Stopping in at "Frenchie's," to use the boys' pet name for him, i. e. Mr. E. Herman, one can see how much can be produced in a greenhouse if one is only industrious and skillful. Every corner is occupied, and occupied with paying stuff. Under the benches Harrisii were awaiting the time when some of the plants overhead should make way for them. It is the old case of a little farm well tilled, and it may be questioned whether Brother Herman is not happier and more profitably em- ployed than many another with dozens of houses and employes, and the adver- tisement, catalogue, correspondent, and other trials annexed. At this place was an ingenious arrange- ment for piling hard coal, being nothing more than a wall built of unused flats, each flat filled with coal. It seemed to answer quite as well as the large lumps that are generally used to wall up soft or bituminous coal. The Cactus Club will hold their annual exhibition of their prickly darlings at Raines Hall September 25, 26 and 27. Mr. Fred Reineke, 1614 Clinton avenue, is the chairman of the exhibition com- mittee and will be glad to hear from any one having plantsof that kind to exhibit. Mr. Jno. A. Baker is president of the club, Fred Lance secretary. The drought still continues and field- grown carnations and all other outside stuff suffers terribly. Cut flower market is unchanged. Mack. PRIMROSES. Fine stocky plants, now ready for 3-in. pots. Flowers brilliant colors; large; fringed; blooming upon tall stems. i2sotts. Price for the slDRle per 100 plants, $ 2.60 per lOWl plants, 20.00 double (white & red) per 100, 6.00 We send additional plants with every order to help pay the express char^ies. Address HENBT S. BUFF & SONS, SliireiuanHtowii, Pa. Mention American Florist. Mention the American Florist when writing to advertisers on this page. HiinD FInUIDrC new crop in best white Ua|je nUnCldf quality at $1.00 theft.; 10 ft. lots, $9 net. HVPSIQ I PSiVDC (S^go Palms), natural UJbQO LCaiCO prepared, equal to fresh cut in appearance, from 2S-in. upwards, at 4Cc., 45c., 50c., 60c., 75c. and Jl.OO each, ac- cording to length. Metal Designs, i;^i ^^t. latest French styles, from 50 cents net apiece upwards. PQclfpfo of all styles, Plain and Fancy, UOOIVDIO for School Commencements, Dinners, Receptions, Favors, etc. Supplies Of all kinds, ^"„^e^p\?e?s; Wax Paper, Foil, Immortelles, Letters, Wire Designs, Funeral Sheaves, Doves, etc. For prices consult our Trade Catalogue, mailed free. August Riilker & Sons, 136 & 138 W. 24lh St., IIqih Ynrlf P.O. Station E. Iltin lUIKi WHITE DOVES -^^'.^--i ^o^ FLORISTS. --^^^^ M La^'sest and finest stock In the United -?ov, >>■ states. Write for prices to j^^B 850 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N. J. FOK SALE BY Messrs. F. E. McAllister. A. Her- rmann. N. Steffens and Reed & Keller. New York; W. O. Krlck. Brooklyn, N. Y. ; H. Bayersdorfer & Co., Ernst Kaufmann and Marschuetz & Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; C. Rlbsam & Sons, Trenton. N. J.; J. M. McCulIough's Sons and B. P. Crltchell A Co., Cincinnati, O.; J. C. Vaughan, Chicago. 111.; Wisconsin Flower Exchange and Currle Bros.. Milwaukee, Wis.; C. A. Kuehn, S. Mount & Co., C. Young & Sons Co., Wm p]Illsonand Jordan Horal Co., St. Louis, Mo.; Ed. S. Schmld. Washintrton, D. C; G. W. Currey & Co. and Ecbhardt &Co.. Nashville. Tenn.; T. W. Wood & Sons, Rich- mond. Va.; U. J. Virgin, New Orleans, La.: D. B. Long. Buffalo, N. Y.; F. C Huntington A Co.. Indian- apolis, Ind.; J. A. Simmers. Toronto. Ont. Mention American Florist DO NOT let this opportunity pass. Closing the present fall the stock now remaining at a low wholesale rate, comprises extra large Norway, Silver and Red Maples, Elms, CATALPA. SMALLER NORWAY, Sugar, Silver Sycantore, Ked Maples, Kims, Catalpa, White Ash. Anieriran and Euro- pean Lindens, 15 cents to $1. 00 each. 50 VARS. SHRUBS, PEAR TREES AND CURRANTS. Contracts made now. We will purchase for parties stock we are out of on a low commisslun. p. H. FOSTER, Babylon, N. Y. Notice of Dissolution. AuKUt^t 1st. ISl'X Notice is hereby given that tlie cn-partncrshlp here- tutureextetliig botwuen David Allan and David Flslier. ti(»iim l^uslIH■^^a us Horlstw and nurserymt^n. in tbat part of Woburn. County uf Middlese.x: and Common- wealth of Maasacliuntettw. callfd "Montvale." under the Hrm and styk- of ■KIhIht Hrothtrsi.'t Co." has tieen tliis day, by mutual coiiwont, dissolved. Said business will bu liLTcaftcr carried on by David Flslier alone, wlio assumes all UabllltU-s of said Arm and to whom all claims belonging to waUl firm should be paid. Signed DAVID ALLAN. DAVID FISHER. ESTABLISHED IN 184i». ROSES and YOUNG PLANTS a specialty. Large stock of fine transplanted Ampelopsis Veitchii, at reduced prices according to quantity. Catalogue sent free to applicants. Agents for the United States. C. RAOUX. 296 Pearl St., New York. N. Y. E. BENARD, P. 0. Box 620, San Diego. Cal. $20.00 buys 250 well grown Chrysanthemums from &-inch pots. Carnations from open ground 6 to 8 cts. Cyclamens, large bulbs 8 to 10 cts. Smilax, strong ;j-inch pots 4 cts. Niphetos Roses, Sj^-inch pots 5 cts. Violets, field-grown , 6 cts. MeC'KEA & COLE, Battle Creek, Mich. CARNATIONS Rooted Cuttings all sold or planted out. FIELD GROWN PLANTS IN SEASON. Correspondence Solicited. C. J. PENNOCK, The Pines, Chester Co., KENJVETT SQUARE, PA. CARNATIONS THE LEADING VARIETIES. B. T. LOMBARD, Waylanid, Nlass. FIELD GROWN CARNATIONS. Fine healthy plants for Winter Bloom. W. R. SHELMIRE, CHESTER CO., AVONDALE, PA. Send for Circular. CARNATIONS^ Grace Wilder, Tidal Wave and Silver Spray, BOnVABDIAS, Pres. Cleveland, Pres. Garfield and Bridal Bouquet, single white. Also Kentias, Arecas, Latania Borbonica, etc. Ready Sept. 1st. WM. A. BOCK. N. Cambridge, Mass. FIELD-GROWN CARNATIONS Best new and standard varieties. Good stock and low price.s. gend fur price list of 45 leading kinds. . . . Oeo. H^xiooolz:* GRAND HAVEN, MICH. CARNATIONS SURPLUS STOCK OF SILVISK SPRAT, TIDAL WAVH and MBS. FISHER, For sale. Write for prices. PAUL F. LAU &, CO., ]Hl-v©«r Gtro-ve, 111. FIELD-GROWN CZ^ .A. I=? ^^ .A.T I CD r^ ^ All the leading varieties. For prices write to J. A. TRACHT & SON, Gallon, Ohio. A large etock of btrong well grown plants from 2M- Incb pots, at «1.50 per 100; Wl^.OO per 1000. PANSY PLANTS for fall. Choicest strains. CYCLAMENS, both 1 and 2 year bulbs. Prices on application. CLEMATIS, large flowering, for fall delivery. A very large stock and assortment. Write for prices I can suit you tjoth on plants and prices. F. A. BALLBK, Bloomington, 111. E.G. HILL & CO., wtioi6sai6 Florists RICHMOND, INDIANA. CDl-JF=? Sash Lifter^ Hinges will do the work and cost you less than any other. Send your name and nddress and we will raal) you deticrlptlon and price. BAY STATE HARDWARE CO. 27 a Freeport Street, BOSTON, MASS. rSgj- The American Florist. 73 BEAUTY :m:. ^v. and BRIDESMAID, fine 3-incli now ready for plant- ing, $8.00 per 100. Also Perlc, Metcor, Cusiu, _ Wootton, Soupert, Hoste, Sunset, Mermet — and Bride, $6 per 100. A splendid stock for late planters. ROSES BRIDES, MERIVIETS, BON SILENE, NIPHETOS, CUSINS, WATTEVILLES AND JACQUEMINOTS, 25 000 fine plants in 3-inch pots, at a bargain. W.il quote you pricts on application. IF WANTED SPEAK QUICK. ROSES IK. isr. F=>iE:r=?^CDr>j,^ •CROIvlWELL, CONN. FINE STOCK FOR PLANTING. PERLE, BRIDE, METEOR, NIPHETOS, SUNSET, MERMET, ALBANY, HOSTE, 2>^-in. J4 per 100; J30 per lOOO. 3-inch, ^6 per 100; )$50 per 1000. BROWS & CANFIELD, .... SPRINGFIELD, ILL. ROSES— SURPLUS STOCK. HAKD TIMES PRICES. We must have the room these roses occupy, and will close them out at the very low price here named. Stock clean and healthy. 230 Perles 4-lnch, 0 cents 800 Perles 2>2-ln. 3 - 200 Perles 2-Inch, 2 ■• 50 Woottons 4-lnch, 6 " 200 Woottons 3-lnch, 4 " 160 Woottons 2)^-in. 3 " 76 White La I'rance 3-lnch, 4 " 100 Mermets 4-lnch, 5 " 260 Mme. Vasset 2-Inch, 3 " 75 Brides 3-lnch, 4 " (jO Meteors 4-inch, i; " 460 Meteors 3-tnch. 4 " 160 Meteors 2W-ln. 3 " 800 K. A. Victoria 2J^-ln. 10 " 2000 Testouts 2>^-ln. $9 per lou; SSO per 1000 Cash with order, 5 per cent, discount. Maple Hill Rose Farm, KOKO.tIO, IND. ROSES. ROSES. ROSES. Large stock, best varieties, in fine condition for imme- diate plantlne, 3-ln. f7 per lUOl 4-ln. til. Adiantum cuneatum. :vinch. ?6.00 per IIX). Double White Primulas, 2-Inch, fK.OO per lOO. 100 varieties best Old and New Chrysanthemums, 2^- Inch pots. Si.OO per lUO; 4-lnch pots, »i.00 per 100. General greenhouse stock, all sizes. IjOw prices. Address H^TVR'V SlVHOrci, 130 Monroe St., Grand liapids, Mich. WRITE FOR PRICES. JKeaxilDle Floral Oo., OSKAI.OOSA, IOWA. 10,000 Gen. Jacqueminots. Pot Grown on their own Roots. From 5-in. Pots, Id in. to 18 in. high, J.S.00 per 100 From 4 in. Pots, 12 in. to 1.5 iu. high, S6.00 per 100 ENGLISH IVIES, Pot Grown, one year old, 3 to 5 feet high, S.5.00 per 100. Cash with orders. When ordering give direc- tions how to stiip. JOHN RECK, Bridgeport, Connecticut. ROSES CHEAP FOR CASH. Perles 3 Inch, f,i.0O perlOO Brides 3-lnch, 5 00 Mermets 3-lnch, 5.0U Duchess of Albany 3-lnch, 1 .00 Nlphetos 3-lnch, 5.10 Hydransea Thos. HoBg 2i6-ln. 4.00 CHAS. RAUSS, 220 Moran St., Detroit, Mich. Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. 10,000 FIRST QUALITY FORGING ROSES Fully equal to those sold last year, and perfectly healthy in every respect. LA. FRANCE, 3-lnch pots, fa. 00 per hundred; 4-lnch pots, $12.00 per hundred. MERMET, BON SILENE, MME. HOSTE, PERLE DES JARDINS, SAFRANO, MME. CCSIN, 3-lnch pots, J7.00 per 100; 4-lnch pots, JIO.OO per lOO. ^l^U^A.:^Cm strong plants, 25^-inch pots, $2.50 per hundred; 820.00 per thousand. J. Hv. iinrvrvOPf, :Bioor*ist>t;ire:, i»a. FORCING ROSES. GrOOd stoolc • ... 3 AND 4-INCH POTS. AMERICAN BEAUTY, bride, mermet, bridesmaid, meteor, PERLE, SUNSET, GONTIER,' LA FRANCE Forcing Roses. FINE STOCK, IN 3-lNCH POTS. Perle, Mermet, Bride, Meteor and Bennett. Fine healthy stock. Per 100 P. 1000 Perles. Mermets, The Bride. Sunset. Papa Gontler, Niphetos. Bon sllene. La France, SouT. d'un Ami. Duchess of Albany. Mad. Cusln. Mad. de Watteville. from a-ln. pots. $8.00 $75.00 SMILAX, from 2».4-lnch pots 2.50 20.00 Lots of other Fine Stock. Send for new list. WOOD BROTHERS, J The Grand New Forcing Rose, fj ^ Prices and full particulars on application. John Burton, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia Auguste van Geert, Ghent, Belgium. (ESTABLISHED 1808.) K. J. KUYK, SUCCESSOR. Special Cutture for the Trade. ANDROMEDA JAPONICA, CROTONS. ANTHURIUMS. DRAC/ENAS, ARALI A KERKHOVEANA, ERICAS. SIEBOLDII, EURYA LATIFOLIA. VEITCHll, Lilacs FOR FORCING Araucarias, metrosideros semp., ASPARAGUS PLU. NANUS, OPHIOPOGON Jaburan. l.v aspidistra, orchids, azaleas. palms, bay trees, pandanus, camellias, rhododendrons. And lull strain of Rare Plants and Novelties BULB FARMS ^^ HILLEGOM, HOLLAND. .^*Ask for catalogTie and prices, if not already received. COMPETITION DEFIED. THRE.DELARUYEDE MULDER, Ledebergp nr. Ghent, Belgium, Bees to offer all kinds of Palms, Azalea Indlca and mollis. Araucarla excelsa and glauca. Aspidis- tra, trreen and varletiatert. all kinds of Drac*nas, preen, striped and variegated. Beponia and Gloxinia tubers. Rnododendrons, Flcus elastlca, green and variegated. Bay Trees, I-aunistlnus, etc., etc.. of all sizes, at the lowest and cheapest market prices, and of an Irreproachable culture. Terms— Cash with order for all unknown purchasers; all packing free for orders wi'h cash exceeding 9$5O.0O. B^'Apply for general trade list. SMILAX. Per 100 Per 1000 From 2}4-\nch pots |3.00 |25.O0 " 2-inch pots 2.50 20.00 " Thumbs 2.00 15.00 Also a limited quantity of PANDANUS UTILIS and LATANIA BORBONICA, strong plauts, from 4-iuch pots. Price ou application. NATHAN SMITH & SON, 167 W. Maumee St., Adrian, Mich. Association "Flora" BOSKOOP, HOLLAND NURSERIES. Roses, Clematis, Shrubs, Aza- leas, Palms, Herbaceous Plants, Bulbs, Etc. Catalogue on Application. p. OUWERKERK, 206 Camljridse Ave., JERSEY CITY, N. J. When writing to any of the adver- tisers on this page please mention the American Florist. 74 The American Florist. Aug. 24^ St. Louis. After the excitement of convention week things here appear to be more than usually quiet. The heat has in- creased somewhat and the lack of rain is making itself more apparent upon shrub- bery and lawns outside the reach of city water. Trade is at a standstill, but hopes are entertained that in a short while the returning pilgrims from the various re- sorts will start it into life again. C. C. Sanders is building a "short span to the south" house eighty feet long be- tween two of his older houses. Its work- ing will be watched with interest, as it is the only one of its kind in this neigh- borhood. Work has been stopped upon the con- servatory and rose house being bu'lt by S. Kehrman, of the Elleard Floral Com- pany, owing to complications arising Irom his being away from town. It is expected, however, that as soon as he returns irom the east, where he is sum- mering, work will be resumed and finished in short order. Thompson, Anderson & Kennedy are building a house for Benton Park, con- verting what was a lean-to into a three- quarter span, virtually making a new house of it; the dimensions are eighty by twenty. The automatic ventilator that was shown at the convention is to have a practical test in this city. Mr. Schray will fit up a 100x20 foot rose house, built this season, with two machines; and the Michel Plant and Bulb Company have also decided to give them a trial, but to what extent is not as yet known. The outcome will be watched with interest, and if the results obtained are as good as under the old methods they will prove a veritable boon. The C. Young & Sons Company have recently let the contract for putting in another large boiler so as to have a re- serve in case anything should go wrong. It will be larger than the one they have in now, being several feet longer and of a larger diameter; the flues will be the same size, 6-inch. When finished this will give them one of the most complete moderu greenhouse heatingplants in the country. Mr. Jablonsky, whose place was inun- dated this spring owing to the caving in ot a temporary sewer, has had a hearing before a referee, and the estate causing the damage has offered to compromise for $600. This is not satisfactory and an appeal has been taken to the Circuit Court. The estate is involved and can only pay creditors about fifty cents on the dollar; this is an additional reason why heavier damages should be awarded. Mr. Emil Schray is spending some time in Chicago seeing the World's Fair. From present indications there will be quite a few St. Louisians who will be unable to get to the Fair. Mr. James Young has recently returned from a trip to Atlantic City, and is rapidly losing the increased weight obtained by a several weeks' sojourn there. R. F. T. Special Offer to American Trade. LOUIS 1de~smet. NCKSKKVMEN, OIIKNT, BKLGIUM, OFFER AS SPECIAi-TIES: Palms, Azalea iudica and mollis, Araiicaria cx- celsa (thousands). Bay Trees, Tuberous Begouias, Gloxinias. «3- New Trade List on application. . . . When writing to any of the adver- tisers on this page please mention the American Florist. THE BEST ARE THE CHEAPEST. SIZE is a strong point in Pansies; when you combine size, color, substance and form they are pretty near right. By careful hybridization and selection 1 have accomplished this, and the Pansies 1 send out this Fall will be an agreeable surprise, even to for- mer customers. If you buy Pansies 1 would be pleased to correspond with you; they will be offered for sale from Aug. 20th to Dec. 1st, at 75c. per 100 or $5 per 1000. Terms cash with order or C. 0. D. No seed for sale. 496. ALBERT M. HERR, LANCASTER, Pa. L. B. Siebrecht&Wadley, rose hill nurseries, New Rochelle, N, Y. Palms, ORCHIDS Roses, and .Pf©A?v P*lants, FRESH DRACAENA CANES NOW READY. The Finest Stock In the World. Thirty minutes from London. Our Mr. A Dlmmock will be pleaded to Interview buyers or reply to any communication addressed to him at 205 Greenwich Street, New York Cilv Established and Imported ORCHIDS. Ig. FORSTERMAN, I Pff^-w-to-wjn, :pi. "y. A FEW ORCHIDS ? Tliey are Very Cheap. They are £asily Grown. They Sell Well. They always attract attention in store or greenhouse. BRACKENRIDGE & CO.. 304 W. Madison St., BALTIMOKK, MI>. (Established 1850). Edmund Van GoDpenoile NURSERYMAN. MEIRELBEKE, NEAR GHENT, BELGIUM. ZIRNGIEBEL'S Giant Market and Giant Fancy are without question the most popular strains in cultivation up to date. Great Culture of Aspidistra, Araucaria Excelsa. PER 100. Azalea Indica (20,000 disposible). at $20, 25 and 30 PER 1000. Begonia Tuberous. Best Sorts, 200.roi year y, at $18 Dracaena, Ferns, Ficus Elastica, Glovinia, - - $22 Hydrangea Paniculata. Laurus Nobilis (Sweet Bays), Many thousand pair.s from all .sizes, in Crowns and P^'ramids, Lilium, Palms, euoriuous choice in all kinds at reduced prices. Rhododendron Hybr, Spiraea Japonica. Price list on application; also to my agents. o. o. j^^Br^ &i CO., p. O. BOX 920, NEW YORK. TO STOTT GARDEN IMP'T CO., I'.iij Liberty Street, New York. Dear Sirs:— We have been using your Distrib* uter aud Killmright for six luonths and consider it a good thing. It is the best thing ever got out. For roses it is particularly good. It cures a rose plant oi black spot aud mildew and keeps them in a healthy and growing condition. We never use tobacco smoke now. It will certainly ulti- mately kill the mealj^ bug. We will keep it right along and want nothing else. Signed BOLANZ BROS., Akron, O. See Special UM'er Aug. 3 and 17 New Seed ready now, in trade packages of either strain, at one dollar each. PLANTS FOR SALE Denys Zirugiebel, NEEDHAM, MASS. PANSY SEED. PANSY The Jennings strain of lar^e flowering and Fancy Pansies. new crop now rt-ady, 8 pounds of seed ana over 5^)0.(XK) plants were sold last season. This strain Is popular, and why? Because Florists can depend on getting only First Class Stock, 1 shall sell no other. My aim Is to supply the best truest Mixed, all colors, trade pkt. 3UU seeds 25c.; lUOO seeds 50c.; 2(X)0 seeds $1.00: per ounce $*J.GU. Pure White (the finest) trade pkt bdc. and $1.U0; Golden Yellow, dark eye, trade pkt. 50c. and ¥1.0U. Send for price list for other varieties. Pansy Plants, ready September 1 to December 25, any size wanted, cold frame size CSc. per 100 by mall; $5.00 per IQUO by express; 5.0(j0 $20. Large flowering planta $1.00 per 100; $8.00 per 1000. Cash with order. ADDRESS E. B. JENNINGS, WHOLESALE PANSY GROWER, Lock box 254 SOUTHFOKT. CONN- When writing mention the AjfERiCAN FLORIST. ROEMER'S SUPERB PRIZE PANSIES The flneat strain of Pansies In the World. Introducer and Grower of all the lead- ing Novelties. Catalogue free on application. FRED. ROEMER, SEED GROWER. QUEDLINBUKG, GERMANY. PANSIES. During the season we shall have plants of best German strain of Pansies, at lowest prices. BRAUER & RICHTER, McCONNELSVILLE, OHIO. EXTRA PANSY SEED. Maiiiuioth Suiibeaiu Strain. A grand collection of giant flowering varieties, very large, of perfect form, and choice colors; carefully selected; receive high praise from my customers: betr ter than ever; no finer strain offered anywhore. Every florist should sow of It. Trade pkt.. 500 seeds, 25 cts.; 3 pkta. W cts. ; t; pkts. $1 .00. JOHN F. KUFF, Shiremaustown, Fa. SMILAX AND ASPARAGUS TBAINED ON GREEN Are in the best possible condition for the market. For particulars address JOHK C. HEYER & CO., 289 DEVONSHIRE ST., BOSTON, MASS. HEADQUARTERS for WATER LILlFS SEEDS, TUBERS AND PLANTS, ready for shipment at all seasons and to all parts of the world. Don't fail to inspect our Columbian Ex- hibit at the World's Fair. Illustrated Catalogue on application. WM. TRicKER, °°i;ii;^Vo'r, LS i^9~ The American Florisi, 75 ft FIRST-GLASS Certificate of Merit TO- H. BAYERSDOEFER & CO, -B^OUt 7116 Best Extiiblt ot FLORISTS' SUPPLIES. The only Certificate of Merit awarded for Florists' Supplies at the S. A. F. Con- vention at St. Louis. We offer you the same quality of goods as comprised the above exhibit. First-Class in Quality. Reasonable in Price. H. Bayersilorfer & Co., S© 2V. ^tlx St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. Wholesale Only. Calaloques Rea< X'ist. 2 -Inch, Per 1000 Si. 25 T-luch, 1 >erl00 J 3.60 2«-lnch, :i.5U 8-lnch, 6.00 2}^lncli, 4.UU 9-lnch. 7.60 A -Inch, 6.00 10-lnch, •■ 10.00 SJ^Inch, 7.a5 11-lneh, 16.00 i -Inch, 9.00 12-lnch, 20.00 5 -Inch, 13.80 IWnch, 40.00 C -Inch, 22.00 Ifrinch. 76.00 TcrriiH c:iBh, f. o. b. Address HILFINGER BROS. POTTERY, Fort Edward, N. Y. IMPROVED GLAZIHG. Zinc Joints for buttinti kIubs without laps. No leakaKG. No Hlidlnpc of kIiihs. Practically air tltiht. KeepH out cold wlndH. thereby saving fuel. No laps, saves enouKh hIhhh to pay for the zincs. No breaka^o of Ktass on account of frost or Ice. Some of the iur^i- est (^'owers In the country are ubIdk '*fia88er*8 I'atent Ziijc .Tolnts*' with entire satisfaction. Write for sample and price list. J. M. GAS6ER. FLORIST. lOl KiU'lid Ave.. CLKVKLANO, O. ion & 101 South I'iftli Ave., New York. NATURAL. GAS MADE GLASS. for liiiHt: IlouHeK. CoiiMerMitork'B. etc., etc. L,uuk at uur World's Fair Exhlhll In Horticul- tural BulldlnK- THE a LOGKLflND" Sash Bars ARE ALWAYS SATISFACTORY. This cut represents our improved Clipper Bar for Butted Glass roof — putty to be used under glass only. Mention Aiiitil'.an l-luilat. GUTTER MSTERmL, RltlGES, SSSH, ETC. The finest CLEAR CYPRESS used. Write for circulars and estimates. ■ . . UOGKLflND LUM5ER 60. ■ * * • • X^ookla^nd, O. isiiiiimsi tlfs ait ilSISmti i,arge quantities of our Pipe are in use in Green houses throughout the West, to any of which we refer as to its excellent quality. Pipe can be easily put together by any one, very little instruction being needed. Hot-Water Heating, in its Economy and Superi- ority, will repay in a few seasons its cost, M_nfclon Amerlcftn Florist. L WOLFF MFG. CO., 93 to 117 W. Lake Street, CHICAGO. WRITE FOR ILLUSTRATED CIRCUI.AR. €i Standard" Flower Pots. As manufactured by us have carrieij off highest honors wherever shown and have stood the best test. They are used in all the leading floral establishments in the United States. For prices address The Whilldin Pottery Company, BRANCH WAREHOUSES: 713. 715. 717 & 7^9 Wharton St., Philadelphia, Pa. Randolph Ave. and Union St.. Jersey City, N. J. Jaclcsou Ave. and Pearson St., Long^ Island City, L. I. STANDARD FLOWER POTS Every user of Flower Pots should correspond with us before purchasing elsewhere, our facilities are unequalled. A. H. HEWS & CO., N. Cambridge, Mass. Standard Flower Pots. We wish to notify the trade that this summer we have made great improvements in machinery and have also discovered a better clay, so that we are now manufacturing FLOWER POTS that can't be beat. We have the assurance of a host of our customers, that our make are the best in the market. Bear in mind that freight rates are very low from this point, and we claim that our way of packing saves you freight charges. Send for circulars, or we will send you figures on any quantity you want. SIPFLE. DOPFFEL & CO., SYRACUSE, N. Y. Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. When writing our advertisers please use one of your printed business letter heads or enclose your business card. i893- The American Florist. 77 TO TAKE PLACE OF WIND MILLS HOT AIR PUMPING ENGINES A Windmill Is unreliable because it de- pends upon tlie elements for 1*^8 power ; hydraulic rams also depend upon fav- orableconditionsand waste as much water as they se- cure. Steam pumps require skill and hand pumps de- mand labor and time. The DE LAMATER-RiDER CR OE LAMATER-ERICSSON Hot-Air Pumping Engines are especially designed for pumping water, and from shallow streams or any kind of well. They are simple, safe and reliable, require no steam and have no valves. They require very little heat to operate them, and can be arranged for any kind of fuel. Sendfor illustratedcatalogueto t The DEUMAIER IRONWORKS, II 87 South Fifth Av., ^' NEW YORK, N. Y. THE CHAMPION flutomailc Ventilator. The cheapest, easiest to operate, and by far the best iiiHchine hi the market. Don't buy a Ventl- Iut. T. W. Wood & Sons, 6th and Marshall Sts. Kichmond, Va. Jas. Vick's Sons, Rochester, N. Y. C. A. Kuehn. 1122 Pine St., St. Louis. Mo, D. H. Long:, Ituflalo, New York. C F. Huntington & Co., Indianapolis, In W. .jUi St., Oswet'O, -V. V. ITUATION WANTED— As assistant tiorlst by tem- perate young man. State probable watres. t" B, Lock Bo.\ -l)". Sanborn, N. T. 8 S ITUATION WANTED-By a ^^lod florist ni.t afraid of work. State wh^ts. Adtlress A. care Aimricaii Florist. Chic;»t''>. SITUATION WANTED-As flrst-class rose tn-ower; O late with Dln^t'S A Cnniird C»f. Address G. F. I.ONCSDox. 844 \S. Lake St.. Cbicat-'O. SITUATION WANTED-By a florist, over 20 years' experience In all branches: is a flrst-cliiss decora- tor. Address U. care American Florist. Chicago. SITUATION WANTED— By a florist, single, with over 2() years' experience, on private or commer- cial place. References. (.iEu. Mi'Nich. Attica, N. V. SITUATION WANTED— By a young German ^'nr- dener; cmly a short lime in America, will work at anything In florist line. Address G- BiKTTCHKU, ol4U Laurel St.. Chicago. t ITUATION WANTED-By a young man. 31, who O has experience in general greenhouse work. Kef- erence given. State wages. Address W. care W. B. Reed, Uhambersburg. Pa. SITUATION WANTED-By pn.Jessional florist and gardener, well up in all branches uf tlie trade. Ad- dress 11 .1. care Adam Sekenger. 12 Newhury St.. Bangur. Me. SITUATION W.\NTED-ln vicinity of Chicago, in private, or nr-^lstant on large commercial place. Good florist and gardener. Good references. Slncle. 24. Address J D. 1)0X 143. Lyons. 111. SITUATION WANTED-By a competent all round man; 11 years" experience in best places in Sweden. Denmark and Gennany. Best of references fumisiied. Address P. G. Peaksox. box 0Vi6. Butavia, 111. SITUATION WANTED-By first class fiorlst. com- mercial or private. German, married, small fam- ily; 15 years experience In all branches: good refer- ences. Address A R, care American Flortst. SITUATION WANTED-By a flrst-class florist and O gardener, who understands the business thor- oughly: lU years' experience in Europe and U. S.; Swede, age 20. single. Address P. G. Peakson. box (396, Batavla. 111. SITUATION WANTED— By a competent man of 12 years" e.xperience— ij years' experience each In Europe and and the United States. Best of references given on application. State wages. Address O P, care American Florist, Chicago. SITUATION WANTED-By a flrst-class florist, with 14 years' experience in growing roses, palms and general greenhouse sti.ick. Good designer and decora- tor: single; sober and steady. Good references. Ad- dress H. care American Florist. Chicago. SITUATION WANTED— By a German. 23 years of age: having 7 years' experience In Germany and in Switzerland in roses, carnations and plants: 1 year In America, and speak some Engllsli. Best of refer- ences given. Address P. MADEit. Frankfort. Ky. SITUATION WANTED— As foreman on a private place by an honest, modest, single man, 2o years of age. German: well experienced In all branches of the business. Iilrst-class recommendations; open for engagement any time desired. Please address M S. care American Florist. Chicago. SITUATION WANTED— Lanscape gardener: capa- ble, industrious, able to draw and work after his own maps, wants engagement witli trade or private parties. References exchanged. Willing to Invest small capital with reliable partv in good location. Ad- dress AMBITION, f. O. box 2332, New York City. SITUATION WANTED-By flrst-class German binder and decorator; also experienced In cvtt flowers market and winter-flowering ptnnts. strong, energetic, single and reliatile man; has capital, and later on wi>[ek. Desplaines and Harrison Ave., Oak Park. HI. FOR SALE— A rare opportunity to buy a florist establsliment in one of the best large cities in the South; three houses, pit-frames, etc., large lot in heart of city, cheap lease payable monthly. Live man can clear the place in six months. Write quick. Satisfac- tory reasons for selling. Opportunity given to investi- gate. Address South, care American Florist. FOR SALE AVrXIIOl'T KESKKVE. Collection of Palms: tine ^[n'liiiieiis of Lataniabor- boniea. Arecas, I'htjenix, Sciitoriliias. Kentlits and other rare varieties, varying in lieii:ht from 4 ft. to S or 9 ft.; some smaller plants. For particulars address Mauager Gordon Park <;reenhou8eSt Glexvili.e, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio. FOR SALE OR RENT. Rose and cut flower growing plant containing about .Hii.tHIC square feet of glass; iiouses heated by steam and hot water: all in good condition; nell stocked with roses, ferns, paims. etc. t)nly IS minutes ride from center of citv. if you mean business, address FLORIST, care Chas. E. Prather, Louisville. K). FOR SALE OR TO RENT. The following greenhouse property, situated on the outskirts of Springfield, the City of Houses; or will sell Greenhouses, Stock and Fixture.^ and ^ve ten years' lease of '2 acres land. Ten houses in all— 5 houses. 10 feet wide, 65 feet long; 4 houses, 18 feet wide, 65 feet long; 1 house. 18 feet wide, 65 feet long. Steam plant! New double Florida Boiler. Stock in good condition, with a large and extra good home market. This is an opportunity in a fife-time, as present owner has other interests to look after. If you are looking for a chance, apply at once to 5 Elm Street. SFKINGFIELD, AIASS. 88 The American Florist. Aug. J/, The Chrysanthemum Society of America. It is a matter for regret that at the meeting of the Chrysanthemum Society of America, held at St. Louis during the convention of the S. A. F., it was decided to again change the nr.me of that organi- zation. It is to be hoped that it is a re- porter's or a printer's error. For when the Chrysanthemum Society of America was organized at Buffalo the name first suggested was the National Chrysanthe- mum Society. It soon dawned upon those who were interested that the title mentioned would not do, because the National Chrysanthemum Society of England is known by that name; besides the Chrysanthemum Society of America is more expressive as a title, and much more comprehensive. When National Chrysanthemum Soci- ety was rejected as a name that of Amer- ican Chrysanthemum Society was adopted. But realizing that the initials of the American Carnation Society were the same, and in order to allow of abbre- viations when deemed advisable, the committee (Messrs. Harris, Craig and Lonsdale) having the matter of amend- ing the constitution and by-laws in charge decided to propose the adoption of the name beading these notes as being dis- tinctive and better than any others which have been suggested and in use before. It is to be hoped that at the meeting which is announced to take place at Philadelphia next November the matter will be thoroughly discussed and the name reported by the committee will be adopted. The idea of holding an annual meeting at one of the large cities during the chrys- anthemum season is an excellent one and should be productive of much benefit to the Queen of Autumn and all concerned. There are too many other duties to attend to by those who are directly interested in chrysanthemums at the regular summer meetings of the S. A. F. to accomplish much in the line of reforms or improve- ments, but a meeting each year in No- vember is decidedly a step in the right direction. Edwin Lonsdale. A Correction. In my essay on "How to increase the love of flowers," read at the St. Louis convention, credit was given to the Amateur Gardeners' Society of Spring- field, Mass., for good work done in try- ing to educate the young in growing flowers. It seems that the Hampden County Horticultural Society was the society which should have gotten this credit, as appears from the following communication sent me by Mr. W. F. Gale of Springfield: *'I have read your article, 'How can we best increase the love of flowers amongr the people,' vdth a great deal of interest, and I wish to correct a slight error that refers to our city {page 14, American Florist, Aug 10). You call attention to the "Amateur Gardeners' Society" as leaders in the good work of interesting the young. There are two horticultural societies here, the Amateur Horticultural Society and the Hampden County Horticultural Society. The former has never done anything to interest the young, unless it is to hold shows without any premiums. The society that has done so much for the children is the old Hampden County Horticultural Society. Three years ago they gave out .3,000 chrysanthemum plants to school children, who rettirned them to the chrysanthemum show in November and look premiums as per our year book, which I send vou (1892). The following year we gave out 5,000 plants with the same premiums (1892 list). Last spring we did not give out the plants but doubled the premiums (see 189.3 list). We expect good results at the November show." This matter of trying to interest the young is, in my humble opinion, far too much neglected by our older societies in spite of the frequent favorable comment which the matter has received the past few years. I hope that the committees on establishing premiums will take the matter up and give it a place in the sched- ules hereafter. G. C. Watson. Philadelphia. FIELD -GROWN CARNATIONS. 1 offer the following varieties In quantity; jiil strong, healthy plants, ready Sept. lOtb: Mrs. Fisher, L. L. Lamborn, Puritan, Lizzie fUlcGowan, White Dove, Angelus, Daybreak. Mrs. Ferd. Mangold, Thos. Cartledge. Emily Pierson. Wm. F. Dreer. Golden Gate, Peachblow Corcet, Caesar. A number of other kinds in smalllots. Correspondence solicited. C. J. PENNOCK, The Pines, Kennett Square, Pa. FIELD-GROWN CARNATIONS. Ptrong. healthvplants: Mrs. Fisher. Garflelfl. Portia. Hiuze's White, White Dove. L. L. Lamborn, Buttercup, Lizzie aicGowan, and newer sorts. VIOLETS— Marie Louise and Swanley Wliite. KOSES— Best forcinn sorts, from ^H and a-in. pots. SMILAX— Stroni; plants, from 2-ln. pots. Heinl'8 Monthly Pelareoniums. Low cash prices on above stock on application. 1 will talce in exchange Double White Primroses, Ferns, Rex Begonias, Dra- c«nas. and young Palms. JOSEPH HEINL, JacksouvUle, lU. GflRNflTION FLflNTS 25,000 including all the best varieties. Strong, healthy, tield-grown plants. Ar-DREss N. S. GRIFFITH, Jackson Co. INDEPENDENCE, MO. WANTED TO EXCHANGE. Lizzie McGowan Carnations for Silver Spray, strong, field-grown plants — samples exchanged. Also want 200 strong;, field-grown varie- gated Vincas. L. L. MAY & CO., St. Paul, Minn. Ph(£nix mpicola. This useful and beautiful Date Palm in EXTRA FINE PLANTS, growing in from 7 to 10-inch pots, from S3.50 to $7.50 each, accordingto size. EDWIN LONSDALE, Wyndmoor, STATION "G," PlIILAUELPHIA. 'Chestnut HIU P. O.) FIELD-GROWN c:; >fi. F=? rs[ i^LT I CD isr ^ All the leading varieties. For prices write to J. A. TRtCHT & SON, Gallon, Ohio. FIELD GROWN CARNATIONS. Fine liealthy plants for Winter Bloom. W. R. SHELMIRE, CHESTER CO., AVONDALE, PA. Send for Circular. FIELD-GROWN CARNATIONS Best new and standard varieties. Good stock and low prices. Send for price list t>f 45 leading kinds. . . . Geo. H^nooolz:« GRAND HAVEN, MICH. CARNATIONS THE LEADING VARIETIES. R. T. LOMBARD, Wayland, NIass. CARNATIONS^ Grace Wilder, Tidal Wave and Silver Spray. BOUVAKDIAS, Pres. Cleveland, Pres. Garfield and Bridal Bouquet, single white. Also Kentias, Arecas, Latania Borbonica. etc. Ready Sept. 1st. WM. A. BOCK, N. Cambridge, Mass. 10,000 SURPLUS CARNATIONS Nice, healthy plants from field. Send list of your wants, as they must be sold. BENJAMIN CONNELL, CARNATIONS Field-grown ; best varieties. Write for prices. PerlOO SMILAX. from 2W-inch pots $1.5 per 1000, »2.(J0 VIOLETS, Marie Louise 4.U0 UBL. ALYS^UM, 2(u-lnclipots 2.0U GIANT, 2>^-incli pots 4.UU DENVER CITY NURSERIES, P.O. Box 201. SOUTH DENVEK, COLO. You will benefit the American Florist by mentioning it every time you write an advertiser in these columns. ••~----~~--'-~~~~--~~-'~-"-~' SELECT PANSY SEED Per Plct. 24c Trade Pkts., 500 Seeds Each. ••• Per Pkt. Giant Five Spot, - 45c Giant Trimardeau Mix, 15c Gold Margined, - 10c King of the Blacks, - 10c Light Blue, - - 10c Lord Beaconsfield, - 10c Pelargoniflora. • 12c Prince Bismark, - 12c Pure Yellow, - 10c Quadricolor, - - 10c Red Victoria, - 30c Rose Marbled, - - lOc Rosy Morn, - - 24c Striped and Mottled, lOc Snow Queen, - - lOc VioletMargined White, lOc To introduce my seeds to florists. I will sund one trade packet eacli 1L 32 VARIETIES J; S", sri'ils, ( ,'4ual ;V x-c].ez-_ MISS C. H. LIPPINCOTT, i'.::;," T Flower Seeds Exclusively, Sf;kNi?i1>«'L!^! 'jfiii™. j89S' The American Florist. 89 BEAUTY :m. a.. and BRIDESMAID, fine 3-incli now ready for plant- ing, $8.00 per 100. Also Perle, Meteor, Cusin, Wootton, Soupert, Hoste, Sunset, Mermet — and Bride, $6 per lOO. A splendid stock for late planters. HUIVOr, nt&r-rG Hatite, Inci. ROSES BRIDES, MERMETS, BON SILENE, NIPHETOS, CUSINS, WATTEVILLES AND JACQUEMINOTS. 25,000 fine plants in 3-inch pots, at a bargain. Will quote you pricts on application. IF WANTED SPEAK QUICK. ROSES J^. i^. i='ie:f=?^cz>]^,^ »CROM\A^ELL, CONN. FINE STOCK FOR PLANTING. PERLE, SUNSET, BRIDE, MERMET, METEOR, ALBANY, NIPHETOS, HOSTE, 2"^-in. $4 per 100; |jO per ICOO. 3-inch, jf6 per 100; $iO per 1000. BROWN S, CANFIELD, .... SPRINGFIELD, ILL. Fine healthy stock. Per 100 P. 1000 Perles, Mermets, The Bride. Sunset, Papa Gentler, Niphetos, Bon sllene. La France, SouT. d'un Am!. Duchess of Albany, Mad. Cusln. Mad. de Wattevllle, from »-ln. pots, S8.00 K5.00 SMILAX, from 21.4-tnch pots 2,60 20.00 Lots of other Fine Stock. Send for new list. WOOD BROTHERS, Flsslili:ill, JV. 'Y. SMILAX. Per 100 Per 1000 From 2'y4-\nch pots |3.00 |25,00 " 2-inch pots 2.50 20.00 " Thumbs 2.00 15.00 Also a limited quantity of PANDANUS UTILIS and LATANIA BORBONICA, strong plants, from 4-iuch pots. Price on application. NATHAN SMITH & SON, 167 W. Maumee St., Adrian, Mich. (Established 1850). Edmund Van Gopoenoiie NURSERYMAN, MEIRELBEKE, NEARGHENT, BELGIUM. Great Culture of Aspidistra, Araucaria Excelsa. PER 100. Azalea Indica (20,000 disposible), at $20, 25 and 30 PER 1000. Begonia Tuberous, Best Sorts, 200.C0T year y, at $18 Dracaena, Ferns, Ficus Elastica, Gloxinia, - - $22 Hydrangea Panlculata. Laurus Nobilis (Sweet Bays), Many thousand pairs from all sizes, in Crowns and Pyramids, Lilium, Palms, enormous choice in all kinds at reduced prices. Rhododendron , Hybr, Spirfea Japonica. Price list on application; also to my agents. o. C3. .a.^e;x.> i-A.T:E i»ij.a.3vi"irffC3r. Fully equal to those sold last year, and perfectly healthy in ever\' respect. L.*. FRANCE, 3-inch pots, S9.00 per hundred; 4-lnch pots, S12.00 per hundred. MERMET, BON SItENE, MME. HOSTE, PERJLE DES .TARDINS, SAFRANO, MME. CUSIN, .3-lnoh pots, 17.00 per UlO; 4-lnch pots, SIO.OO per 100. ®lVa:lIvA.X:. strong- plants, 2;2-inch pots, S2.50 per huudred; $20.00 per thousand. FORCING ROSES. Giood stooln • 3 AND 4-INCH POT'S. AMERICAN BEAUTY, bride, mermet, bridesmaid, meteor, PEKLE, SUNSET, GONTIER,' LA FRANCE FINE STOCK, IN 3-lNCH POTS. Perle, Mermet, Bride, Meteor, Bennett. Albany and La France. Price, j:5.00 per hundred. Forcing Roses. G^KO. ■«^''. IVIIE^I^Bie. Hlzisd^Je. 111. ! The Grand Mew Forcing Rose, ^ f Prices and full partlculura ou application. 4 J John Burton, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia l 10,000 Gen. Jacqueminots. Pot Grown on their own Roots. From 5-in. Pots, 10 in. to IS in. high, JS.OO per 100 From 4 in. Pots, 12 in. to 15 in. high, $6.00 per 100 ENGLISH IVIES, Pot Grown, one year old, 3 to 5 feet high, $.5.00 per 100. Cash with orders. When ordering give direc- tif.ns how to ship. JOHN RECK, Bridgeport, Cotinecticut. ROSES. ROSES. ROSES. Large sti:)ck, best varieties. In fine condition for Imme- diate plantlnK, 3-ln. J7 per 100; 4-ln. Sit. Adl.intum cuneatum. 3-lncli. So. 00 per 100. Dciuble White Primulas, 2-lnch. H\.W per 100. lUU varieties best 01(1 and New Chrysantheinllms, 2^•■' Inch puts. Sl.OO per 100: 4-lnch puts. Jli.OO per lOO. General greenhouse stock, all sizes. I.,ow prices. Address XIBPSXC'S' SIWEIOTEX, 130 Monroe St., Grand Rapids. Mich. Association "Flora" BOSKOOP, HOLLAND NURSERIES. Roses, Clematis, Shrubs, Aza- leas, Palms, Herbaceous Plants, Bulbs, Etc. Catalogue on Application. p. OUWERKERK, 206 Caiiil>riilsre Ave., JERSEY CITY, N. .1. Cyclamen Seeds. KOCHS SUPERB PRIZE CYCLAMEN. THE FINEST STRAIM IN THE WORLD. Brieht (lark red lOOO seeds W.6f! Kuse of Marieiitlial UKiO seeds 4.5U White with carmine eye 1000 seeds a.T.'i Mont Blanc, extra 1000 seeds 11. 2S ("ash with order. LUDWIG KOCH, Wandsbek, Hamburg, Germany. ROSES-SURPLUS STOCK. HARD TIMES PRICES. We must have the room these roses occupy, and will close them out at the very low price here named. Stock clean and healthy. SCO Peri es 2W-ln. Scents aiO IVrles 2-lnch,2 " 2011 Wduttons 3-lneh,4 " 150 Wiiottons aio-ln. :( " To White La France :i-lneh, 4 " 250 Mme. Vasset 2-lnch, 2 •' 75 Brides 3-inch, 4 " 450 Meteors 3-inch. 4 ** 150 Meteors 2t(:-ln. ;i '• sllO K. A. Victoria Z^t'ln. 10 " 2000 Testouts 2J2-ln. ¥> per 100; J80 per 1000 Cash with order, 5 per cent, discount. Maple HiU Rose Farm, KOKOMO, IND. Hybrid Perpetual Roses, Worked low on the Manetll Stock, offer the best re- sults to the florist, blooming freely and giving plenty of cuttings for propagating quickly, t^ne plants for sale by the lOU or lUUO. at low rates. Price Lists to applicants. Address WILLIAM H. SPOONER, JAMAICA PLAIN, (Boston). MASS. 'p/iOTj'Cl Fine healthy plants, .lust what you want Xiv/OJliO. for forcing, at the following low prices: Bride 2i.„-ln. t4 OO per 100; 3-ln. t7.00 per 100 Mermet '" 4.00 " •■ 7.00 Perie " 4 OU •' •• 7.00 Wontton " 4.00 •• ■• 7.00 Beauty •■ 5.00 ■• '• 8.00 Mme. Hoste ■■ 4.00 " " 7.00 Bennett •■ 4.0U " " 7.00 Albany - 4.U0 " " 7.00 NEWELL & KIDD, (Successors to H. Nleison), 2:i2USt. Joseph Ave.. ST. .JOSEPH, MO. Roses and Siiiiiax 2^ and 3-inch pots, strong plants. WRITE FOR PRICES. JS:exKkt»le I^lox-^1 Co., OSEAI.OOSA, IOWA. SEKD FOR A COPY -OFI* ouie- TRADE DIRECTORY AMERICAN FLORIST CO.. CHICAGO 90 The American Florist. Aug. 31^ Subscription $1.0O a Year. To Europe, $2.00. Advertisements, 10 Cents a Line, Agate; Inch, Si. 40; Column, S14.00. Cash with Order. No Special Position Gnaranteed. Discounts. 6 times, 5 per cent; 13 times, 10 per cent; 26 times. 20 per cent; 52 times, 30 per cent. No reduction made for large space. Tlie Advertising Department of the American Florist Is for FloriBts, 3ced8men, and dealers In wares pertaining to those lines ONLY. Please to remember It. Orders for less tlian one-half incii space not accepted. Advertisements must reach us by Monday to secure Insertion In the Issue for the following Thursday. Address THE AMERICAN FLORIST CO.. Cliicaao. Boston. Saturday, August 26, was aster day at Horticultural Hall. Each year shows some advance in quality and range of color, and this year is no exception, although the frequent heavy storms have been very disastrous to all such flowers. Pjeony-flowered, Victoria, pompon, etc. were all well represented. First premium for fifty blooms including all classes was awarded to Wm. Patterson. Other ex- hibitors of fine asters were A. A. Hixon, C. H. Yates, F. B. Hayes, J. H. White. N. T. Kidder and Mary T. Goddard. There were also some fine exhibits of dahlias. J. Warren Clark's show of gladioli was, as usual, good and con- tained a number of meritorious seedlings. The attendance was very large. The next event ot importance will be the great annual exhibition of plants and flowers, which takes place on Wednesday and Thursday, September 6 and 7. There is very little activity in the flower trade these days. A depressing feature of the present condition of things is the large number of gardeners of more or less experience who are in quest of situations. In all of the prominent florists' and seeds- mens' establishments there are several such calls every day. St. Louis. Matters here remain in about the same condition as reported last week. Traie has commenced to stir a little and shows some signs of reviving, but is still very dull. The dry spell is still with us, al- though we have had several light rains, not enough, however, to be of much benefit, and outdoor stuff is suffering as a result. The grasshoppersaremorethan usually abundant and are difficult to manage. When they attack stock in the open ground the best remedy found here is to turn a coop of half grown chickens, or better still, ducks, into the garden; they will soon make grasshoppers scarce. The Jordan Floral Co. have had great success with a batch of latania seed; almost every one seems to have grown; there must be at least 10,000 in sight; this is about the largest and best take of palm seeds ever seen here. Mr. Barnes, who resides just west of the citv, is building a greenhouse 80x20 feet. He expects to use 60 feet of it for roses and 20 feet for palms and other decorative plants. This will be a private place. R. F. T. American Beaitv roses were lately re- ceived from J. B. Deamud & Co., of this city. They were very fine for this season, long stemmed and clothed fully with an abundance of clean foliage. J. B. DEAMUD & CO. Wholesale Florists, ^^^^^^^q;—- We have over 100,000 feet of glass devoted exclusively to Roses. We have ten houses 21x170, containing nearly 20,000 plants of American Beauty. The balance planted to Albany, La France, Meteor, Bridesmaid, Bride, Perle, Mermet, Hoste, Victoria and Wootton. All shipments make from stock CUT FROM CUR OWN HOUSES, which assures our cus- tomers Strictly Fresh Plowers. We ask for a trial order and we will do our best to make you our friends. FIRST-CLASS GOODS, STRICTLY FRESH, and at REASONABLE PRICES GUARANTEED. THEY SAY "TspsEflGus plumosus nbnus * at 50 cents a string, 8 to 12 feet in length, is the cheapest and best material for deco- rating, as it will stand longer and look better than any other green in this hot weather. ORDER IN LARGE OR SMALL QUANTITIES, FROM W. H. ELLIOTT, Brighton, Mass. Boston Co-Operative Flower Growers will remove their Wholesale Cut Flower Market to Xo. 1 Fark Street, and will be all ready for busi- ness September H, 1893. The rapidly Increasing demand for stalls, spaces and advertisinfi space In the market makes it necessary for us to obtain larger quarters. This new market con- lains three times tiie floor space and is more centrally located than the present One. There will be an auction sale of the preferences of stalls in the market Tuesday, Sept. 5. ISVti, at 'J:3U a. m. ABSTRACT FROM BY-LAWS. Sec. 3. Any grower who has on becoming a member of this corpordtlon and subsequently establishes a store for tlie purpose of disposing of liis products by retailing or otherwise in the city of Boston or having any connection or interest witii any sucli store, shall be required to withdraw from the corporation. Advertisers wlsliing to renew tbeir contracts for tlie coming year can do so at once. Application fur adver- tising space siiould be sent to W. W. TAILBY, Wellesley, Mass. Siabreclit&Wadley, B.QZE EILL NURSERIES, NewRochelle, N. Y. Palms, ORCHIDS Roses, FRESH DRACAENA CANES NOW READY. The Finest Stock In the World. Thirty mlnutee from London. Our Mr. A Dimmock will be pleased to Interview buyers or reply to any communication addressed to him at 205 Qreenwlcb Street. New York City. Established and Imported ORCHIDS. Ig. FORSTERMAN, $20,00 buys 'Z')0 well grown Chrysanthemums from 5-inch pots. Carnations from open ground fi to 8 cts. Cyclamens, large bulbs 8 to 10 cts. Srailax, strong 3inch pots 4 cts. Niphetos Roses, 3^-inch pots Sets. Violets, field-grown ft cts. McCREA & tOLK, Battle Creek, Mieh. We are the People! Who ? KOFFMAI<^, Where ^ walden, *f llCl C . Orange Co., N. Y, SMILAX What? 25c. a string; 30c. a string by tlie hun- dred ; 18c. a string by the thousand. When ? ALL THE VEUR AROUND. Also Adiantum Cuneatum Fronds At $1.25 per 100. And he pays the Express. WHOLESALE FLORISTS PHILADELPHIA. SAMUEL S. PENNOCK, Wholesale Florist REMOVED TO REAR OF 42 S. 16th ST.. HARDY CUT FERNS LAUREL FESTOONING, ETC. The only place in the world where you can Always get them, 18 Chapman IMace. BOSTON, MASS. Please mention the American Flo- rist every time you write to au s<^vsr- tiser in these columns. i893' The American Florist, 91 E. H. HUNT, WbOLESSLEPLiORIST 79 Lake Streef, CHICAGO. Wegtern Aeent for the GREAT ANTIPEST. Kennicou Bros. 60. WHOLESALE GUT FLOWERS, 34 & 36 RANDOLPH STREET, ■winE "w-oe,k: -A. sFECi-A.rimr. A. L. RANDALL. Wholesale Florist and Dealer in FLORISTS' SUPPLIES, 126 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. store Closes Nights 9 P. JI.; Suiuliiy 3 P. 31. NILES CENTER FLORAL CO. Incorporated. WHOLESALE GROWERS OF GUT FLOWERS Ot ALL KINDS and Dealers in FLORISTS' SUPPLIES. CHAS. AV. McKELLAK, Mgr. In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange. 45 Lake St., CHICAGO. J»* FLORIST. 66 WABASH AVENUE, Telephone ^786. CHICAGO, ILL. or. J. ooRBRK^ir, Wholesale and Commission I=^I-^CDI=R I ^T^, 4S Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. In Chiciiso Cut p^lower Exchange. . . . A. G. PRINCE & CO., Wholesale and Commission FLORISTS, 45 LAKE STREET, In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange. CHICAGO. DAN'L B. LONG, COMMISSION • FLORIST. 495 Washington St., BUFFALO, N. Y. FORCING BCLBS, FtORISTS' SOPPtlES, LONG'S FLORISTS' PHOTOGRAPHS. Lists, Terms, &e. on applicatton. H. L SUNDERBRUGH, WHOLESALE FLORISl 4TH & Walnut streets, You will benefit the American Flo- rist by mentioning it every time you write an advertiser in th-s- columns. Cut Flowers. NEW York. Aup. si. Roses. Gentler Meteor 1.00® » Beauty 3.0001.=. " general assortment LOOC;?. o Camatlona Gladiolus 1.00® 1. Valley * Auratum lilies ■* Asters, per bunch ^-^^.^ Smllax. 10.00012 Adlantums 1 BOSTON. Aufr. 29. Roses 3.0U® tj. Carnations '5© 1. Asters OoO Peas ^ Gladioli 2.00® 5.1 Lily of the valley J stephanotis 1 Smllax 12 Asparagus plumosus 50 Adlantum 1. PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 2V*. Roses 2.00© 3, '• Beauties 16.00020. " Meteors t> Carnations 50® Asters 2o® . Sweet peas 250 Gladiolus 5 Valley ■> Pond lilies White hollyhocks Td® 1 Balsams 25® Adlantum T50 1 Smllax 15 Asparagus ^ Chicago. Aug. 2!i Roses. Perles. Gulllot. Nlphetos 2.00® 3 Albany, Bride 3.00® 4 Meteor ;* Beauties 8.00®lo. Carnations 50® 1 Sweet Peas Auratum 0.00®' 8 Gladiolus, longltlorum 4.0U® IJ Corndowers Asters 25® Hotlyhocks. white. Valley Dahlias. ... Smllax Asparagus.. 1.1 Peck & Sutherland, Successors to WM. J. STEWART Gut Flowersi Florists' Supplies -^ WHOLESALE, ^s- 67 BTomfield Street, BOSTOH, MASS. WHOLESALE FLORISTS, JOBBERS IN . . . . FLORISTS' SUPPLIES, FLORISTS' VASES. METS, BRIDES, GONTIERS, CARNATIONS, ALWAYS ON HAND 1 iVIusic Hall Place, BOSTON. MASS. HORTICULTDRAL ADCnONEERS, ^^ WELCH BROS., Wholesale Florists, wo. 2 BEACON STREET, Near Tremont St.. BOSTON, MASS. W. ELLISON, WHOLESALE Gut Flowers I Florists' Supplies 7402 PINE STEET, — — >(• St. IvOtiis, JVIo. CUT ^lT, Ledebarg, nr. Ghent, Belgium, Begs to offer all kinds of Palms. Azalea Indlca and mollis. Araucaria e.xcelsa and glauca. Aspidis- tra, green and variegated, all kinds of Dracaenas, green, striped and variegated. Begonia and Gloxinia tubers. Rhododendrons, Ficus etastlca, green and variegated. Bay Trees, Laurustinus, etc., etc., of all sizes, at tlie Inwe.st and cheapest market prices, and of an irreproachable culture. Terms— Casli ivith order for all unknown purchasers; all packing free for orders wiih cash exceeding S150.00. 2:^"Apply for general trade list, eS£CJVr» for Catalogue of IJAPAN BULBS, SEEDS and SHRUBS, ARAUCARIAS, ItREE ferns, AUSTRA- LIAN PALM SEEDS, CALI- I FORIA BULBS and SEEDS to H. H. Established IS78. BERGER & CO., SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. TRY DREER'S GflRDtN SttDS, Plants. Bulbs & Requisites. They are the best at the lowest prices. Trade List is- sued quarterly, mailed free to the trade only. HKNKV A. URKER, PhUadelphia, Pa. Mention American Florist. Special Offer to American Trade. LOUIS DE"sMET, NDKSEKVMKN, OHKNT, IJKLGIUM, OFFER AS SPECIALT/ES: Palms, Azalea indica and mollis, Araucaria ex- celsa (thousauds), Bay Trees, Tuberous Begonias, Gloxinias. -^",New Trade Li.st on application. . . . YOUNG PALMS. PANSY, TO MAKE ROOM WE OFFER A BARGAIN IN LATANIAS, 4-inch stuff, grown cold, well rooted, 3 to 5 character leaves, ready tor 5-inch pots, per dozen, |4,00; per 100, $30.00. PHOENIX RECLINATA, 5-inch, good value at doz. $5.00. LILIUM CANDIOUM, large, plump, solid bulbs, per 100 $2.75; per 1000 $23.00. FREESIAS, clean, large, healthy bulbs, first size $4.50; select $7.50 per 1000. ROMANS, PAPER WHITE NARCISSUS, and a FULL LINE of all Fall Stock. ROSE C. SOUPERT, 2j^-inch, fine stuff, per 100 $3.50; 3/<-inch, per 100 |S00. VAUGHAN'S INTERNATIONAL MIXTURE, Now Ready, is a World Beater. NEW CROP SEED, per 'j oz. $1.50; oz. JlO.OO. Also separate colors in great assortment. Vaughan's Seed Store, 148 W. Washington St., CHICAGO. 26 Barclay St., NEW YORK. MANIMOTH BULBS .... LILIUM HARRISII FOR EXHIBITION purposes and for growing SPECIMEN PLANTS. Very choice and scarce. Price, $25.00 per 100. Also a fine lot of 5 to 7, and 9 to 11 Price, 5 to 7, $3.00 per 100; $25.00 per 1000. Price, 9 to 11, $12.00 per 100. F. R. PIERSON COMPANY, T^rrytO'w»i.=o*i=HtAclsosa., iPT. TIT. DAFFODILS # OTHER HARDY BULBS. Plant now Narcissus "Sir Watkin " (introduced by us and certificated R. H. S. April 1884), the best of all the Daffodils. Commands the market. The popular favorite. Early, abundant, beautiful. Prices and all particulars on application. DICKSONS NURSERIES, Chester, England. «— ^ C3 ^B • s; ^^ 0 a m § fS ^3 » u 3>; til o J3 ^* w 0 ^ 1 — ^^ ■9: ^^ » '^ "^ • h Mention American Florist. QNION SEED= • OUR SPECIALTY. Grown from selected Onions and the purest stock in the United States. 1893 CROP 1893 Yellow Globe Danvers, Yellow Flat Dauvers, Extra Early Red, Wethersfield. Write for Prices. GOX SEED AND PLANT GO. SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. HULSEBOSCH BROS., BULB ANB PLANT GROWERS, OVERVEEN. near Haarlem, HOLLAND. Per lUO 1000 Lillum Harrlali, 4 to 5-lnch in circ J2.30 119.00 5to7-lDchln clrc 3.00 24.00 ■' 7 to it-incti In circ 6.25 47.00 9 to I2-iDch in clrc 11.00 lOO.OO Ltlium Lonfrlflonim 10 per cent dearer than Lltlum Harrisil. Roman Uyacinths, extra selected 2.50 22.00 top roots 3.00 25.00 Naicis. Totus Albus. extra selected 1.00 7.50 GrandlHorm.ext. s'lcd 1.30 11.00 Fall Wholesale Catalogue now ready. Address A. HULSEBOSCH, p. 0. Box 3118. Warehouse 58 West Street, NEW YORK CITY. G. J. MOFPATT, 3Iaiiufacturer of PAPER BAGS AND ENVELOPES Special attention given to Seed Bags and Catalogue Envelopes. NEOr HAVEN, COIffW. "Lilium Auratum, Spec. Rubrum, Spec. Album, Longiflorum, etc. Order now. Callas, Callas, at lowest rates; Fresh Cut Cycas leaves, prices and sizes to suit all. Fresh im- ported Cycas, lowest prices. Camellias, Ta^ouias, Japan Maples, and lor general Japanese stock seeds. Remember we guarantee sound delivery, still goods travel at owner's ri.'ik. Apply to F. <3^C3IWZ.A.XUTCH: HCVA-CINTHftS. Per 100 Per lOOO Single or Double, Red, White and Blue, colors and shades separate. Your selection $2.75 $25.00 SECOND SIZED NAMED VARIETIES (a bargain for florists). Equal quantities Red, White and Blue, our selection 4.00 35.00 Finest sorts for forcing and only tliose producing large spilies. Names and colors marked. SINGLE OR DOUBLE, fine Mixed Early sorts 1.00 7.50 Extra Selected sorts for forcing 1.50 12.00 Fine Mi-xed LATE sorts 1..50 12.00 SINGLE NAMED VARIETIES, best Scarlets mixed 1.75 14.00 best Yellow mixed 2.25 20.00 " " " best Whites mixed 1.75 14,00 best Pink mixed 2.2.5 20.00 best Stnped mixed 1.75 14.00 These mtxtures of Named Tulips will be all true to colors specified, and embrace in eacU color souae of the very finest sorts of that color. We are prepared to quote bottom prices on all leading varieties of Florists Tulips by the 100, lOOO or 10,000 of a kind, such as Yellow Frince, Iia Reine, Belle Alliance, Clirysolora, Keiserskroon, Fottebaker, etc. jVA.i«ci®«suA.iM^or>ir^». Per 100 Per 1000 Von Sion (Double Yellow), First size 81.75 S16.00 Von Sion " " Extra Selected 2..50 22.00 Double Roman (Constantinople) 1.25 10.00 Orange Phcenix (Double White and Orange) 2.00 17. .50 Trumpet Major (True Single Daffodil) 2.00 17..50 Paper White, fine bulbs 1.00 7.50 " •■ grandiflora 1.2.5 10.00 ROMAN HYACINTHS. ^"^^ "'^"^ ISI. :.:;:.::;:;;::: 1:^" ^^ • »ig: ■ I; HtXIvIGS* 'I ■ ■'::?'*■ Lilium Candidum. Magnificent Bulbs 2.50 20.00 Harrisii. Choice, 5x7 2 75 a5.00 Choice, 7x9 5.00 JS.OO (now scarce), 9x11 12.00 UflllTC PAI I A First Size Roots 8.00 nnllL uALLAi Selected, Large Roots 10.00 First Size, our own selected 1.00 7. .50 Extra Large, our own selected 1.2-5 10.00 French grown, very good .75 ti.OO Bermuda growu (long bulbs) . . ' ' " .50 4.00 ALLIUM NEAPOLITANUM. Fine large bulbs 75 5.00 POnPIIC Fine Mixed, white. Blue, striped Yellow and all colors .SO 2.50 UllUuUoi Named Varieties, Extra bulbs .50 4.0O LILY OF VALLEY. Fine Berlin Pips (in cold storage) 1.50 12.00 ANEMONE FULGENS. scarlet wind Flower 1..50 12.00 SCILLA. Peruviana Alba 5.00 GLADIOLUS. SHAKESPEARE, New Extra, Earliest Forcer— beautiful white, suffused carmine rose with large rose blotch, large flower of great substance ... 8.00 ORNITHOGALUM. Arabicum, (star of Bethlehem), large bulbs . . 1.50 12.00 WBITE FOB OUB PUBLICATIONS OS BUI.BS MUSHROOM SPAWN. Finest English mill track, $9.00 per tOO pounds. Z. De Forest Ely & Co. a i: :Wbolessile Bulb Growers and Importers.: : i e 1024 Market St., PHILADELPHIA, PA. p. O. BOX 1176. TELEPHONE 3415. REGISTERED CABLE ADDRESS: DE FOREST, PHILA. Watson's Corner t 4 J " y'ou 171 your small corner, vie in 7fizne/' — Nursery Rhyme. I told you in ray last about my special brand of Muslu-oom Spawn, the brand, also about my low prices for same. My Ijrices are so low I cant afford the space to say all I should here: but my circular on the subject may be had for the askinp. 'T will advantafie you to have it. Early fail plantings are profitable. Look into it. PANSY SEED vou may think a belated topic, but note well that the new seed of the noted Foreign Strains are only now to hand. Try a dollars worth of my "Prize International." it is very good in every G. C. WATSON, Wholesale Seedsman and Conimission Merchant. 1025 Arch St , Ph/'/a , U. S. A. HARRISII, ROMANS. Our stock is unsurpassed, the bulbs are solid, thoroughly ripened and cured, well formed and up to measurement. TREESIAS. Select stock. Per IIM, 7,3 cents; per 1,000, U.50. FAirST SEED. BARNARD'S FLORIST MIXTURE is popular wherever tried. Trade packet, 25 cts. ; •i ounce, 81.00. W. W. Barnard & Co. 6 and 8 N. Clark Street, CHICAGO. Mention American Florist. New List now ready; free to appli- cants. Address . . . August Rblker&Sons, p. O. station E, NEW YORK. NOW READY. ROMANS, HARRISII, NARCISSUS, P. W. GRANDIFLORA, CANDIDUMS. WISCONSIN FLOWER EXCHANGE, 468 Milwaukee (St., Milwaukee, Wis. Bulbs ^Plants. FOB CATALOGUES, ADDRESS C. H. JOOSTEN, IMPOKTEH, 3 COENTIES SLIP. NEW YORK We Sell Mushroom Spawn. LILIUM HARRISII AND DUTCH BULBS. Special Low Prices to Florists and Dealers. WEEBER &. DON. Seed Merchants and Growers, 114 Chambers St.. New York; When writing to any of the adver- tisers on this page please mention the American Florist. 94 The American Florist, Aug. J/, Some of the Benefits of the Florists' Protective Association to the Re- tail Florist. [Read by H. B. Beatty before the S. A.F. at St. Loict's.] Briefly the Florists' Protective Associa- tion is not only a direct benefit to every ■wholesale florist, but it is also a direct and positive benefit to every florist in the land. It has been said to me on several occasions by inen engaged in the retail trade that they have in reality to pay the ■wholesale men for all the bad bills which they (the wholesale men) lose; and while I do not think that is so, at least in all cases, I ■will not take up your time in explaining in what way it is incorrect. But if it is so, as so many think, that you have those losses to pay, even in a greater or less degree, then would you not be willing to pay something each year to prevent that loss? The F. P. A. will pre- vent it, and do it efifectually, if each mem- ber of the S. A. F. will only give it his support. I am sorry to say there are many of you who know what it is to have a neighbor who is continually selling goods at less than living rates, thereby not only injuring your trade but the whole trade of vour and adjacent cities; and in order to do this probably he is not paying his bills. Can you aflfird to allow such com- petition as this when you can so easily prevent it? The F. P. A. is after such dealers with a sharp stick. We have also heard of cases where a party orders perishable goods shipped C. 0. D., refuses to take them from the express company, but has a confederate who goes around to the express office, buys the flowers for the express charges and then turns them over to the store man who originally ordered them. Can you successfully compete with such parties? I think not. The F. P. A. can eflectually prevent all such cases, and not only all such, but also prevent parties from running long accounts, selling the goods below cost to you and then going into bankruptcy, settling with their cred- itors and then repeating the same thing again at some future time. In short theF. P. A., if given the proper support by the members of the Society of American Florists, will prove a balance ■wheel, which will enable all members of our craft to do a fair, pleasant business by compelling all poor pay, selling below cost men to get out, and stay out, of the trade. If that would not be a benefit, and a very great one, then I am no judge of business principles and eSects. Nowadays no man engaged in a whole: sale business thinks of getting along without some means of securing informa- tion in regard to the character, habits and financial standing of prospective cus- tomers, and to every one engaged in sup- plying the wants of florists weno w offer as complete a medium for such information as any in the country, and at so low a cost that if a man did no more than one hundred dollars worih of business in a year he could well afford to belong to our association. E.G. HILL & CO., Wlioi6§al6Fiorisis RICHMOND, INDIANA. Mention the American Florist when writing to advertisers on this page. THE BEST ARE THE CHEAPEST. SIZE is a strong point in Pansies; when you combine size, color, substance and form they are pretty near right. By careful hybridization and selection 1 have accomplished tiiis, and the Pansies 1 send out this Fall will be an agreeable surprise, even to for- mer customers. If you buy Pansies 1 would be pleased to correspond with you; they will be oft'eredfor sale from Aug. 20th to Dec. 1st, at 75c. per 100 or jS5 per 1000. Terms cash with order or CO. D. No seed for sale. I.. B. 496. ALBERT M. HERR, LANCASTER. PA. s,ooo Asparagus Plumosus. FOUR-INCH POTS, $35 00 PER HUNDRED A large stock of strong well grown plants from 214- Inch pots, at «1.5o per 100; Sila.OO per lUOO. FANSY PLANTS for fall. Choicest strains. CYCLAMENS, both 1 and 2 year balbs. Prices on application. CLE.IVIATIS. large flowering, for fall delivery. A very large slock and assortment. Write for prices 1 can suit you both on plants and prices. F. A. BALLEK, Bloomlngton, III. HEADQUARTERS for WATER LILIES SEEDS, TUBERS AND PI,ANTS, ready for shipment at all seasons and to all parts of the world. Don't fail to inspect our Columbian Ex- hibit at the World's Fair. Illustrated Catalogue on application. WM. TRICKER. °°!;jl5,\'2'pV^= Mention American Florist. Choice Sweet Peas. Being the largest growers of the above in the world the trade are invited to send a list of their requiie- meuts and secure low prices for Fall delivery. SHERWOOD HALL NURSERY CO. Menio Park and San Francisco, Cal. BEGONIAS, •1-inch pots, 81.00 per dozeu. CYPERUS ALTERNIFOLIUS, 3-in. pots, $1 doz. EUCHARIS AMAZONICA, blooming size, $15.00 per hundred. ABUTILONS, 4-inch, 75 cts. per dozen. PILEA, o-iuch, .50 cts. per dozen. ANTHERICUM VARIEGATUM. 3-in. SI per doz. SMILAX, per hundred strings, f9.00. C.\SH WITH ORDER. MRS. J. R. BEAN & CO., Mt. Pleasant. Iowa. SMILAX. First-class, from 2>^-inch pots, $2.50 per 100; $20.00 per 1000. Sample free. CYCLAMEN persicum giganteum. 3-in. pots, $6 a 100 Aoare.. J. o. JBvi.rro-%?v-, FISHKILL. N. Y. CHEAP FOR WINTER. . . . Fine Moss for Funeral Woik and Orchids EAST STROUDSBURG, PA. P. SEBIRE & SONS, NuxBerymen, USBY, Calvados, FRANCE. A general assortment of Fruit Tree Stocks, such as Apple, Pear, Myroboian Plum, Mahaleb and Maz- zard Cherry. Angers Quince. Small Evergreens, For- est Trees, Ornamental Shrubs, Roses, etc. The largest stock in the country. Prices very low. Packing secured. Catalogue free. Send for quot- ations before placing your order elsewhere. Agents for U. S. America and Canada. C. C. ABEL & CO.. P. 0 Box 920. New York. PANSIES WORTH RAISING AKE THOSE WHICH SELL. Everybody here knows that my Pansies are the admiration of all, and sell at sight. THIS JS TRUTH. If you want to keep in the front ranks, trj' ray New Crop Seed at $1.00 per package ot about 2,0C)0 grains; 5 pkgs. or about vx oz. for S*. Or Plants from seed bed at $1.00 per 100. or S5.00 per 1000. CASH WJTH OKDEK. Nobody will regret a trial. CHRISTIAN SOLTAU, 199 Grant Ave , JEBSET CITY, N. J. The seed may also be obtained of JAS. M. THORBUR 1 & CO., 15 John St.. N. Y. PANSY SEED. PANSY The Jennings strain of iarge flowering and Fancy Pansies. new crop now reariy. 8 pounds of seed and over 5'Kl.uuu plants were sold last season. This strain Is popular, and whv? Because Florists can depend on getting only First Class Stock. 1 shnil sell no other. My aim is to supply the best Finest Mixed, all colors, trade pkt. ;JUU seeds 2fic.: lUOO seeds 5l)c.; 2t»lU8eed8$l.U0: per ounce W.UU. Pure White (the finest) trade pkt Dili;, and yi.uU: Golden Yellow, dark eye. trade pkt. 50c. and Jl.OU. Send for price list for other varieties. Pansy Plants, ready September 1 to December 25. any size wanted, cold frame size tiSc. per lUU by mail ; Jd.OO per 10(jU by express: 5.0U0 ¥-0. Large tiowerlng plants U.W per 100; $8.U0 per lUUO, Cash with order. ADDRESS E. B. JENNINGS, WHOLESALE PAXSY GHOWEU. Lock box 2o4 SOUTH PORT, CONV- When writing mention the Aimericax Florist. ROEMER'S SUPERB PRIZE PANSIES The flnest strain of Pansies In the World . Introducer and Grower of all the lead- ing Novelties. Catalogue free on application. FRED. ROEMER, SEED GROWER. QUEDLINBURG, GERMANY. Mention American Florist. PANSIES. During the season we shall have plants of best German strain of Pansies, at lowest prices. BRAUER & RICHTER, MCCOXNEI.SVII.I.E, OHIO. If vou plant pansies. It will he tn ynnr advantage to phmt lit least ('nu liundrecl of the beautiful strain I ;uii nlk'riii^' tur t^ale. as a trial. The Howers are very i;iiL'e aiMl lieautifully marked. Flue plants ready Sept. I and alter, at 65r. per 100. and SS.OO per 1000. Cash with order. Money Order OlBce, Lancaster, Pa. ELMER J. WEAVER, Ronks, Lane. Co., Pa. EXTRA PANSY SEED. IVIinnmotli Sunbeam Strain. A grand collection of giant flowering varieties, very large, of perfect form, and choice colors; carefully selected; receive high praise from my customers; bet- ter than ever: no liner strain offered imywhere. Every florist sliould sow of it. Trade pkt.. 5UU seeds, 25 cts.; 3 pkts. IMJ cts. ; li pkts. S'l .00. JOHN F. UUri\ Sliiremaustown, Fa. KSTAHLISIIEl) IN 184',*. G. BENARD, °f"r'j.^*c"e" ROSES and YOUNG PLANTS a specialty. I^arge stock of fine transplauted Ampelopsis Veitchii, at reduced prices according to quantity. Catalogue sent free to applicants. Agents for the United States. C. RAOUX. 296 Pearl St.. New York, N. Y. E. BENARD. P. 0. Box 620, San Diego. Cal. Mention American Florist. 1893. The American Florist. 95 P9n0 PlnWOrC new crop in best white UapS riUnCIO) quality at $1.00 theft.; 10 ft. lots, p net. PUPSC I DSIVPC (Sago Palms), natural UJbaO LCaiCO prepared, equal to fresh cut in appearance, from 28-in. upwards, at 4Cc., 45c., 50c., 60c., 75c. and |1.00 each, ac- cording to length. Metal Designs, i^ri, e^/.?n^?he latest French styles, from 50 cents net apiece upwards. PQcl/ptc of all styles, Plain and Fancy, OaOMilO for School Commencements, Dinners, Receptions, Favors, etc. Supplies of all kinds, ^".^e? Pa?e°rs: Wax Paper, Foil, Immortelles, Letters, Wire Designs, Funeral Sheaves, Doves, etc. For prices consult our Trade Catalogue, mailed free. August Riilker &, Sons, 136 & 138 W. 24lh St., l|ni|| YnrI/ P.O. Station E. HCff \\i\Ki H. BAYERSDOEFEE & CO., WHOLESALE FLORISTS' SUPPLIES ONLY, fhii.adi:lfhia, fa. Oar new flataloene U now out, free npon Application. MflRSGHUETZ & GO., Florists' suDDiies, 23 & 25 N. 4lh St.. PHILADELPHIA. PA. Send for Catalogue. ____^^^^ak. Ernst Kaufmann &, Co., Fiorisis' SoDDiies, 113 NORTH 4th Street. •- FHILADELFHIA, FA. CUTS! Wood Engraving, Zinc Etching, Half=Tone, Wax Engraving, Photo -Engraving, Designing. NIANZ & CO., 183 MonroeStreet, ENGRAVERS. Mention American Florist. Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. HOW TO CROW CUT FLOWERS. A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE CU]UXIVAXTON OF THE ROSE, And Other Flowering Plants for Cut Flowers, sent to any address ■ipon receipt of $2.00. tA. a., hunt, Xcrre Haute. Ind. BOSTON FLORIST LETTER CO., 13 Green Street, BOSTON, MASS. Address all correspondence to 1 Music Hall Place. Mannlactuie THE BEST LETTEBS IN THE MARKET. sizes IH-lnch and 2-lnch, 12.00 per 100. Patent fastener with each letter. with orders lor 500 letters we give away a nicely stained and varnished box. See cut In next week's American Florist. Our letter Is handled by all the wholesalers In Boston. AGENTS: Marschuutz & Co., 25 N. 4th St., Philaflel- phla, Pa ; A. Rolker & 8ons. New York; F. E. Mc- Allister. 22 Dey St.. N. Y.; Ernst Kaufmann & Co., 113 North Fourth Street, I'lillaiielphla; H. Bayers- dorfer & Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; A. D. Perry & Co., 33 Warren Street, Syracuse, N. Y^ A. C. Kendal, 115 Ontario St., Cleveland. O.; K. H. Hunt, 79 Lake St., Chicago; Wisconsin Flower Bxchange, 131 Mason St.. Milwaukee, Wis. ; H. Sunderbruch, 4th and Walnut Sts., Cincinnati, 0.; T. W. Wood i Sons. 6th and Marshall Sts., Richmond, Va.; Jas Vlck's Sons, Rochester. N. Y ; Dan'l B. Lone. Buffalo. N. v.: C. A. Knehn. St. Louis. F. C. Huntington & Co., Indianapolis. Ind. J. A. Simmers. Toronto. Ont.. Agt. for Canada. A parlv In Willhimsport, Pa., named Chas. E. Mont- gomery, is making and offering for sale letters which are an infringement upon our patent, and are also much Inferior to those manufactured by us. We have notified them of suit unless tliey des'st at once. Buy no letters e.xcept through our authorized agents. BOSTON FLORIST LETTER CO., 1 Music Hall 1 lace, Boston, Mass. LITTLE'S ANTIPEST. Valuable Discovery of the 19th Century. SILVER MEDAL AWARDED BY THK CALIFORNIA STATE FAIR OF 1890. This preparation Is a sure destroyer of the Scale, Wooly Aphis and Insect Pests of any and all descriptions. It may be as freely used in the conservatory, garden and greenhouse as in the orchard or vine- yard. It is non-poisonous and harmless to vegetation when diluted and used according to directions. It mixes instantly with cold water in any proportion. It is Safe, Sure and Cheap. No fruit grower or florist should be without it. Send for Circulars and Price J^lst. R. W. CARMAN, General Agent, 291 AMITY Street. FLUSHING, Queens, Co., N. T. SMILAX AND ASPARAGUS TBAINEO ON GBEEN Are in the best possible condition for the market. For particulars address JOHK C. MEYER & CO., 289 DEVONSHIRE ST., BOSTON, MASS. trade harks. COPYRIGHTS. SOLICITOR OF U. S. AND FOREIGN PATENTS. Atlantic Building, AVashingrton, O. C. fSend sketch or model for free patentability.! examination as to Please mention the American Flo- rist every time you write any of the advertisers on this page. w.c.KRicn PATENT Florists' Letters, Etc. Highest Awjri wher- ever exhibited. These Letters are made of the best im- mortelleB. wired on wood or metal frames having holes drilled In them to Insert toothpicks, by which to fasten them tn the design. All Infringe- ments prosecuted. 2-inch Letters, $3 00 per lOO. Postage, I5c. per 100. Before purchasing send for free sample and Catalogue and compare with any other letter in the market. W. C. KRICK. 1287 Broadway, BROOKLYN. N. Y. Agents:-J. C. Vaughan. Chicago, 111.; H. Bat ER8DORFEB & CO., Phila., Pa.; N. Steffens. N. Y.; AUG. BOLKER&SONS, N. Y. ; Kd.S.Schmid, Wash- ington. D.C.; James ViCK'8 Sons, Rochester N. Y.; T. W.Wood & 8ons, Richmond, Va.; J. A. Sim- UERS, Toronto. Ont. Mention American Florist WHITE DOVES FOR FLORISTS. Largest and finest stock In the United States. Write for prices to ». J. icueisBi.riv» 850 Montgomery St., Jersey City. N. J. FOR SALE BI Messrs. F. E. McAllister. A. Her- rmann. N. Steffens and Reed & Keller. New York; W. C. Krlck. Brooklyn, N. Y. ; H. Bayersdorfer & Co.. Ernst Kaufmann and Marschuetz & Co.. Philadelphia, Pa.; C. Uibaam & Sons, Trenton, N. J,; ,J. M. JlcCullough s Sons and B, P, Crltcheil & Co,. Cincinnati. O,: J. C. VauBhan, Chicago, 111.: Wisconsin Flower Exchange and Currle Bros,, Milwaukee, Wis,; C, A. Kuehn. !». Mounts Co., C. Young Jt Sons Co., Wm. ElUson and .lordan Floral Co.. St. Louis, Mo.; Ed. S. Schmid. Wasiilngton. D. C; G, W. Currey & Co. and Eckhnrdt &Co„ Nashville. Tenn.; T. W. Wood i Sons. Klch- mond. Va.; U. J. Virgin. New Orleans, La.: D. B. Long. Buffalo, N. Y.; F. C. Huntington & Co.. Indian- apolis. Ind.; J. A. Simmers. Toronto. Ont. GflTflLOGUE PRINTING. ELEGTROTYPING. Done with expert ability for Florists Nurserymen, Seedsmen. Write to J. Horace McFarland Co., HABBISBCBG, PA. DO NOT let this opportunity pass. Closing the present fall the stock now remaining at a low wholesale rate, comprises extra large Norway, Silver and Red Maples, Elms, CATALPA, SMALLER NORWAY, Sugar, Silver .Sycamore, Kert >Iaples, Kims, Catalpa, White .\8h. American and Euro- pean Lindens, 1,5 cents to $I,UUeacli. 50 VARS, SHRUBS, PEAR TREES AND CURRANTS. Contracts made now. We will purchase fiT parties stock we are out of on a low commission, P. H. FOSTER, Babylon, N. Y. lULES DE COCK'S NURSERIES GHENT. BELGIU.M. OFFER TO THE TRADE OF GOOD PLA^'TS, 10,000 Araucaria Excelsa; 100,000 Begonia Bulbs, ;».000 Azalea Indica; 20,000 Azalea Mollis. 100.000 I'alms, diflferent sorts, all sizes, 10,000 Laurel Bays, Standards aud Pyramids. Please mention the American Florist every time you wi ite to an advertiser. 96 The American Florist. Aiig. J/, Rochester, N. Y. The return game of base ball between the Buffalo and Rochester florists took place here Tuesday afternoon and resulted in the score of 10 to 6 in favor of Roches- ter. That the teams are evenly matched is shown in the fact that the score at Buf- falo was 9 to 6 against Rochester. Both were splendid games for amateurs. The stores closed at 1 p. m. and the green- houses at noon, so it was a holidav for all. The following men composed the nines: BUFFALO. M. Bloy B. Scott Krombrich E. Giddings G. Asmus W. Scott. Jr. J. H. Rebstock Wm. Scott ■ Rebstock POSITION. Pitcher Catcher 1st base 2d base 3d base Short stop Right field Center field Left field ROCHESTER. Chas. Vick Ed. Vick R. Bennett A. H. Salter R. Fletcher R. G. Salter M. McCue M. Joslyn F. R. Schlegel Salter Bros. Greenville, O.— -James Frost, propri- etor of the Greenville Greenhouses, is rebuilding one-third of his plant into larger houses and using 16x24 glass butted and fastened by a cap. This method improves the appearance of the houses wonderfully. Flower Pots AND Pedestals Over a hundred varieties and designs, all sizes and colors, at prices from 50 cents to $100.00 apiece. X LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BOHEMIAN AND FRENCH GLASS BOUQUET-HOLDERS. HYACINTH GLASSES. Send for Illustrated Price L,ist. HINRICHS & CO. Importers of China and GlassAvare, J'ottery, LampB, Etc., 29, 31. 33 Park Place. NEW YORK. SCOLLAY'S IMPROVED PUTTY BULB, For Glazing Sash, Etc. — ALSO THB — Patent Plant Sprinkler For sale by your Seedsman, or sent, postpaid, for $1.00. JOHN A. SCOLLAY, 74 & 70 Myrtle Ave., BROOKLYN, N. Y. Send Stamp for Catalof^ue. IMPKO¥ED GLAZISG. Zinc .loliila for buttlnjj glaart without laps. No leakaKe. No sIldlnK of glass. Practically air tight. Keeps out cold winds, thereby saving fuel. No laps, saves cnuugh glaMs lo pay for th'j zincs, ^o breakage of glass on account of frost or Ice. Some of the larg- est growers In the country arc using "(iasser's Patent Zinc: .|(tliitfl" with entire satisfaction. Write for sample and price list, J. M. GASSER. FLORIST, 101 Euclid Ave.. CLKVELANU, O. LORD & BURNHAM CO. Horticultural Architects and Builders, STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATING ENGINEERS. HW Flans and estimates furnished on application Front view of a portion of our exliibit at the World's Fair. . . . SEND FOUR CENTS POSTAGE FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. . . , LORD & BURNHAM CO., Irvlngton-on-Huilson, N. Y. SPECIAL -^10.00- OFFER, FOR A LIMITED PERIOD ONLY. To introduce our .specialties we make this special offer of ^^^^^^1 STOTT DISTRIBUTER. 1 STOTT SPRAYER The best made.) 20 lbs. KILLMRIGHT '^-i?eT,«,T„"?^,'>e"c\s.> KOR StO CASM. Will clean j'our Greenliouses and out-door plants of Aphis, Mealy Bug, Cater- pillar and other insects. Order through your seedsman, or direct of THE STOTT CARDEN IMPL'T CO., 136 Liberty Street, • .NEW YORK. TO STOTT GARDEN IMP'T CO., 136 I.iberty Street, New York. Dear Sirs. — We have been using your Distributer and Kiilmright for six months and consider it a good thing. It is the best thing ever got out. For roses it is particularly good. It cures a rose plant ot black spot and mildew and keeps them in a healthy and growing coudition. We never use tobacco smoke now. It will certainly ultimately kill the mealy bug. We will keep it right along and want nothing else. Signed, BOLANZ BROS., Akron, O. H. M. HOOKER COMPANY, 57 and 59 W, Randolph Street, CHICAGO, NATURAL GAS MADE GLASS FOR GREENHOUSES. Endorsed by leading Florists everywhere. With proper use. satisfaction guaranteed. Write for latest prices.- ' FLORISTS' HOSE, ' t Made by E. W. Ilolt. member of the So- • ■ clety of American Florists. f , Goodyear Rubber Store, , ♦ aw. 14THST. NEW YORK. J Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. THE PERFECT DRAINAGE BENCH TILE For circulars, etc., address W. P. Wight, Upland Green Houses, Send your business card. MADISON, N.J. Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. i893' The American Floris'i, 97 WATER For Your GREEN HOUSE, ROSE HOUSE, NURSERY, Conservatory, Lawn, Mouse,Carden,Stock »rany other purpose. HIIT-llIn Send for llluslrated Catalogue Hwl Hill ilELAMATER-RIDER AND PU M PING DeLAMATER-ERICSSON ruriur PUMPING tNblNb. ENGINE. Their operation is so eiraple and safe that a child can run them They will pump water from shallow etreams oranvkiudof wt-11. Tht-y can be arranK^'d for an v kind nf f ut- 1 Capacity 1.500 to 30.000 gallons of water a day. according to size. The De Lamater Iron Works, 87 SouHi Fifth Avenue. NEW YORK. N. Y THE CHAMPION flyiomailc Veniliaior. The cheapest, easiest to operate, and by far the best machine in the market. Don't buy a Venti- lator until you have seen my Illustrated descriptive circular, which will be sent you free, elving prices, etc. Also Cliaiupion SoU Pulverizer and Sifter. Address, B. S. 'WOI^I'** Kox 114. SPRINGFIELD, O. Mention American Florist UNIFORM VENTILATION Is something you cannot secure with all ventilating appliances It Is assured when you U'^e ThQ Champion Ventilating Apparatus SIMPLE. DURABLE, EFFICIENT. CHEAP. B^*Clrcular Is yours for the asking. Address AMKRICAN ROAD MACHINK CO., . . . . Kennett Square. Pa. EVANS' IMPROVED CHALLENGE VENTILATING APPARATUS Write for Illustrated Catalogue. QUAKER CITY MACHINE WORKS. Richmond. Ind. FLORAL DESIGNS The Cut Flower Worker's Friend. Fine book of 160 pages. Send 83.60 for it, to J. HORACE McFARUND, Harrisburg, Pa. STANDARD VENTILATING MACHINERY, Highest awards where- ever exhibited. Opens Sash as high at one end as at the other. With new device. EVERYTHING UNIFORM E. HIPPARD, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. "God helps those who help themselves." And he who uses THE (i 'i^EW Departure" (MEAT SAW) VENTILATING APPLIANCE helps himself and those who help him in his labors, and is there- fore doubly blessed. Send for price and description. J. D. CARMODY, Evansville, Ind. Or call and see the man and machine at his greenhouse offlce, located on the lawn west front of Horticnltural Building, World's Fair grounds, Chicago, 111. TOBACCO STEMS AND DUST. STE.MS-In 1001b. bales. flllO. In 600 lb. bales, SJ.CO. By the ti.n, HO. 00. TOBACCO DUST— A most valuable Insecticide for Violets. Ruses, Chrysanthemums, etc; also for fumigating: In 100 lb. lots, SB. 00, f. o. b. p. O. Box 1006. KINGSTON. N. Y. CDLJF=? #1 SashLifter^Hinges will do the work and cost you Jess than any other. Send your name and address and we will mail you description and price. BAY STATE HARDWARE CO. 873 Freeport Street, BOSTON, MA.SS. Send orders for . . . CLEAR CYPRESS Greenhouse Material from bottom of gutter up. Correspondence solicited. Estimates cheerfully furnished. LYMAN FELHEIM, ERIE. PA. When writing to any of the adver- tisers on this page please mention the American Florist. J. N. Struck & Bro. Manufacturers of • CYPRESS • dreenlouse Material LOUISVILLE. KY. Mention American Florist. STANDARD HOSE MENDER. The only Mender using ordi nary galvanized wire No. 14, in stead of expensive bands. Any person can handle it with per- fect ease. Thousands in use and all testify to its Wonder- ful Merits. Sample Box, by Mail, 50 cts. E. HIPPARD, Youngstown, Ohio. Mention American Florist. 98 The American Florist. Atcg. 31^ Those Dear Children. I always imagined tbat subjects of ■wailing and gnashing of tfeth were not acceptable to our valuable journal, espe- cially where they came from the lower five, but your comments on "working hand's" tale of woe greatly encouraged me to unfold a tale of woe of my own. It will likely be the only hint for a change of front that will receive attention and bring relief to many who are so unfor- tunately situated. One fact that all employers who board their hands want to bear in mind is that they do not board us for nothing, we pay for it in work, which is equivalent to cash, and that we ■want to enjoy our meals, if the quality and quantity will permit, and not be compelled to share the table with one or more illbehaved and in many instances dirty children. I can only wonder at the ignorance of parents who give a child the liberty of the earth, and who make foolish attempts to reason with one too young to be capable of reasoning. Why don't I complain or leave some may ask. To complain, or even hint, to a mother that her child is not a sweet little darling is a pretty dangerous vent- ure. Leave? What guarantee have I that it is not jumping out of the frying pan into the fire? P. D. G. The Florists' International Telegraph Delivery Association now has 5S mem- bers in 58 different cities, and its business the past year was very largely in excess of the vear before. KROESCHELL BROS. Greenhouse ^ Boiler, 41 to BB Erl« St.,|CHICAQO. Boilers made of tbe best of material, sbell, flrebox sheets and heads of steel, water spaoe all around front, sides and back). Write for Information. THE << LOGKLflND ff Sash Bars ARE ALWAYS SATISFACTORY. This cut represents our improved Clipper Bar for Butted Glass roof — putty to be used under glass only. GUTTER MSTERiaL, RlEiGES, SaSH, ETC. The finest CLEAR CYPRESS used. ^ Write for circulars and estimates. ... UOGKL/IND LUMBER 60. Mention American Florist. kk Standard" Flower Pots. As manufactured by us have carried off highest honors wherever shown and have stood the best test. They are used in all the leading floral establishments in the United States. For prices address The Whilldin Pottery Company, BRANCH WAREHOUSES: 713. 715. 7^7 & 7^9 Wharton St., Philadelphia, Pa. Randolph Ave. and Union St., Jersey City, N. J. Jaclcson Ave. and Pearson St., Long: Island City, L. I. STANDARD FLOWER POTS Every user of Flower Pots should correspond with us before purchasing elsewhere, our facilities are unequalled. A. H. HEWS & CO., N. Cambridge, Mass. Standard Flower Pots. We wisli to notify the trade that this summer we have made great improvements in machinery and have also discovered a better clay, so that we are now manufacturing FLOWER POTS that can't be beat. We have the assurance of a host of our customers, that our make are the best in the market Bear in mind that freight rates are very low from this point, and we claim that our way of packing saves you freight charges. Send for circulars, or we will send you figures on any quantity you want. SIPFLE, DOPFFEL A, CO., SYRACUSE. N. Y. STANDARD FLOWER POTS. OLD RELIABLE MAKE OF Write lor Catalogue and Price List. PITTSBURGH CLAY MFG. CO. New Brighton, Pa. Standard Flower Pots Our new Poliery, new Machinery, the very best Clay in the Country, and our new Patent Kilns, all combined, nuke the best Standard Pot in the market. Send for price list. PARMENTER MF'G COMPANY, GEORGE MESSINGER. Manager. EJ^Slt :B«*OOl«;f ieltS., '^SCLek.^^^, STANDARD FLOWER POTS. 2 -Inch, 214-Inch, 2!^2-lnch, :) -Inch, :iH!-lnch, 4 -Inch, .S -Inch, tj -Inch, Per 1000 Si. 2.') :i.50 4.011 .1.00 7.25 ll.OO \.\.m 22.00 Terms cash. f. o X-ist. Mnch, P( .H-lnch. '.Unch. lIMnch, H-lnch, 12-lnch. 14-lnch, Itrinch, b. Address ) % S.J'iO 6.00 7.50 10.00 15.00 20.00 40.00 76.00 HILFINGER BROS. POTTERY. Fort Edward, N. Y. Please mention the American Florist every time you write to an advertiser. GURNEY Hot -Water Heaters FOR Greenhouses. Send for a eupy of ovir buok "Ilnw best to heat 4>iir liouses." GURNEY HOT-WATER HEATER CO. 163 FRANKLIN ST., BOSTON. Branch Office: 50 Wabash Avcnne. Chicago. Illinois. Selllnt; Agencies: .lohnHOn \ Co., 71 .lobn St.. New York City. .1. C. F. TrauhHCl, 2411 Arch St., Philadelphia Mention the American Florist when writing to advertisers on this page. iSps. The American Florist. 99 CHAS B WEATHEREO-, Prcs't ZDMUNg~:iA/EATHEREDVVicE PntsT »nd Trsas 'SAMUEIL BURNS Seei FAcro^yn^,<^'-HoT Water E^si/^eefi^. rvTi^T^ir VORTT J96To2400ripqtAvp. Jersey CIty./Y.J. CHICAGO OFFICE: 610-62O rvlanhattan Bldg. HART & GROUSE, UTICA, N. Y. VICTOR SPRAY PUMP. The most wonderful pump ever invented. Re- quires no foot-rest or support. Send for prices. HENION & HUBBELL, 55 N. Clinton St., Chicago, III. Always mention the AMERCAN FLO- RIST when writing to advertisers. fiiiSitoMS W^M m£ iWltoii Large quantities of our Pipe are in use in Green- houses throughout the West, to any of which we refer as to its excellent quality. Pipe can be easily put together by any one, very little instruction being needed. Hot-Water Heating, in its Economy and Superi- ority, will repay in a few seasons its cost, Mjition Amsricfts Florist. L. WOLFF MFG. CO., 93 to 117 W. Lake Street, CHICAGO. WRITE FOR ILLUSTRATED CIRCUI.AR. D. H. ROBERTS, 159 and 161 S. Fifth Avenue, - PfE^W ^^OieiC, NATURAL GAS MADE GLASS, FOR ROSE HOUSES. CONSERVATORIES, ETC.. ETC. ly Look at our WORLD'S FAIR EXHIUJT in Horticultural Building. FRENuH OUnSS conservatories, ro°se houses, Etc. Etc. Importers of PLATE and WINDOW GLAlSS. Manufactarerg of BENT GLASS and FRENCH MIRRORS. 131-133-135-137 FRANKLIN STREET, Note— Imported Glass Is used In the best grade of Greenhouse bulldlni?. »fK"«V TrOlRK. Fat. 1882, '85, '86, FOR WATER, AIR, STEAM, AGIOS. '88, '90, '91. OILS, LIQUORS, GAS, SUGTIGN, And for any and evtry purpose for which a hose can be applied. Sizes, 54-inch to 42 inches diameter. The making, vending or use of any Serviceable Armored Wire Bound Hose not of our manufac- ture is an infringement on one or more of our Patents. The rights secured to us render each Individual dealer or user responsible for such unlawful use with all the consequences thereof. For yrices and discounts address WATERBURY RUBBER CO, Sole Mt'rs and Owners of all the Sphincter Grip Armored Hose Patents, 49 Warren Street, New York. .T. C. VAUGHAN, Agent, CHICAGO. SFRINIl STEO. GALVANIZED? ARMORED rjT A WQ ROCK BOTTOM PKICBS. Send tor VJJJAOO. Estimate. Satisfaction Guaranteed. 65 Warren St., and 46. 48 * 50 College Place, HAIL LOCK THE DOOR BEFORE THE HORSE IS STOLEN. DO IT NOW. JOHK G. ESLBR. SeCy F. B. A., Saddle Biver, H. '. 100 The American Florist. Aug. 31^ Index to Advertisers. AbelCC &Co 8a S4 Aflv. Rates, etc M) American Boiler Co.. ..100 American Road Mach Co 97 BallerF A 114 Barnard WW & C-D. .. . 93 Bay State Hdw Co 97 Bayersdorfer H & Co . . 95 Bean Mrs J P & Co >,« Benard G 94 BergerHH&Co 92 Bock Wm A 86 BonsaU Jos B & Son ... 91 Boston Letter Co 95 Brauer& RIchter 94 Brown & Canfleld 89 BumB&Raynor 91 Burrow J G 94 BurtonJohn 89 Carman B W 95 Carmody J D ChandleeGeoH 95 ColesW W 89 Connell Benj 88 CorbreyT J 91 Co-x Seed & Plant Co.. . 92 Deamud J B & Co 90 De Cock Jules 95 De Lamater Iron WkB. 97 DeMulderTliD 92 Denver City Nurseries. .s8 De Smet Louis SB Dickson's Nurseries.... 92 DiUonJL 89 DreerH A 92 BlliottWH 90 ElllBonWm 91 Ely Z De Forest & Co. . 93 Felhelm Lyman 97 Forstermann I '.Hi FosterPH 96 Gasser J M 96 Gonzalez & Co 92 Goodyear Rubber Store 98 GordonHS 87 GrlBithN S 88 Gumey Heater Co v:8 Hall Ass'n 99 Hancock Geo 88 Hart James 91 Hart Michael A 91 Hart&Crouse 99 Hartford HE 90 Heinl Jos 88 Henlon & Hubbell 90 HerrAlbertM 94 Hews AH&Co 98 Hllflnger Bros 98 HlUBG&Co 94 Hinrlolis&Co 96 HlppardB 97 HitchlngsiCo 100 HookerHMCo 9li HoranEdwC 91 Hulsebosch Bros 92 Hunt EH 91 HuntMA 89 95 Hunter SPurdy 91 JennlngsE B W Juiwten CH 'S, Kaufmann Ernst &Co. it5 Kemble Floral Co .... 89 Kennicott Bros 91 KochLudwlK 89 KoHmanE 90 Krick W C 95 Kroeschell Bros . . 98 KuehnC A 91 La Roche & Stahl «1 LehnlsA Wlnnefelrt... «' Llpplncott Miss C U... HI Lockland Lumber Co.. . 9.^ Lombard RT .88 LouB Dan'l B 91 Lonsdale Edwin as Lord & Burnham Co. . . '.«5 McCarthy NF& Co.... 91 McCrea* Cole 90 McFarland JH 97 McFarland J H Co 95 MaoBeanAS 89 Manz J &Co 95 Marschuetz & Co 95 May LL&Co 88 Meyer John C & Co ... 95 Michel Plant & Bulb Co 93 MIllangBros 91 Miller Geo W 69 MoffattG J 92 MonlDger Jno C loO Newell & Kldd 89 Niles Centre Floral Co. 91 OlsonM 91 Ouwerkerk P .89 Parmenter Mfg Co it8 Peck & Sutherland 91 Pennock C J 88 PennockSam'l S 90 Pierson AN ,89 PlersonF K Co !« Pittsburg Clay Mfg Co. 98 Prince A G & Co 91 Pye& Mueller 97 Quaker City Mach Co. . 97 Randall AL 91 Raou.\ C 94 Reck John 89 Reed Gliiss Co 99 ReedA Keller 95 Roberts i)H ill) Roehrslheo 91 Roemer Fred 91 Kolker A & Sons 93 95 Rupp John F 94 Russell S J 95 Sander* Co 90 Savacool AK 94 ScollayJohnA 9)". Sebire P & Sons 94 Shelmlre WR 88 SherldanWF 91 Sherwood Hall Nur Co. 94 Slebrecht & Wadley. . . . '.0 Sipfle, DopfTei & Co.... 98 Situations, wants 87 Smith Henry 89 Smith Nathan & Son. . . .89 Soltau Chr 94 Spooner Wm H 89 Stott Garden Imp Co.. . !«i Struck J N&Bro 97 Sunderbruch H L 91 Tallby W W 90 Tracht JA&Son 8S Trlcker Wm 94 Van Coppenolle Ed — 89 Van Home Grlffen & Co 99 Vaughan JC 92 Waterbury Rubber Co. 99 WiitsonGC 93 Wenthered'sSonsTW. 99 Weaver Elmer J 94 Weeber&Don 93 Weir's Sons Jas 94 Welch Bros 91 WhllldlnPotCo 98 Wight W P 96 Wilks S Mfg Co 98 WinterND .87 Wisconsin Flower Ex. . 93 Wolf E E 97 " " " 99 t'oodelHH Mass Ami Col c H Y 0 P T R CLEAR B E _ E S ~^~" — ^ u--^ D ■ 0 G R E i CYPRESS /b E N H \sASh/ n 0 \ / ' U N ) ( y L S Vy ^-/ A E iVI BARS T I A T / N G E R I A L JOHN C. MONINGER, a 297 Hawthorne Aye., S CHICAGO, ILL. H We request subscribers to make remit- tance by draft or money order when re- newing subscriptions, and to keep a record of the numbers and dates of same. This is to guard against losses in the 15# O STEAM • AND • HOT • WATER • HEATERS GREENHOUSE HEATING •K- ^mencan ^oUer Company, BOSTON, NEW YORK, CHICAGO, DENVER, SAN FRANCISCO.^ 195 Ft. Hill Square. 94 Center St 34-36 Dearborn St. Mining Exchange BIdg. 80 Crocker BIdg. When writing to any of the adver- tisers on this page please mention the American Florist. You CAN never invest $2 to better ad- vantage than in a copy of our trade- directorv and reference book. RmErica is "the Praw o£ the I/bssb1; there may be mare comfort Amidships, but wb are the first to touch Unknown Ssas." Vol. IX CHICAGO AND NEW YORK. SEPTEMBER 7, 1893. No. 275 fliiiii Lkm^mwim IFi!r@Li3i!@ir Copyright 1893, by American Florist Company. Entered as Second-Class Mail Matter. Published every Thursday by THE AMERIOAH FLORIST COMPAJIY. 333 Dearborn .Street, Chicago. Subscription, SI. 00 a year. To Europe, S2.00. Address all communications to AMERICAN FLORIST COMPANY. p. O. Drawer 164, CHICAGO. Eastern Office : 67 Bromfleld St., lioston. SOCIETY OF AMERICAN FLORIST. WM.R. Smite Washington, D. C. president; Vrof. Wm. Trelease. St. Louis. Mo., vice-president; Wm. J. 8TEWAUT, «7 Bromfleld St.. Boston, Mass. secretary ; M. A. Hunt. Terre Haute. Ind.. treasurer. The new officers, to be Installed Jan. 1. l.^IU. are: .7. T. ANTHONY, Chicago, president; Robert Kift, Philadelphia, vice-president: secretary and treasurer the same as for 1893. The next annual meeting will \>e held at Atlantic City, N. .1.. August, ISltJ. CONTENTS. Mignonette as I grow it 101 Vases (3 illus) 102 Notes on propagation ; . 102 Carnations — Seasonable hints 102 —Chester County Carnation Society 103 Fresh information regarding sweet peas .... 10-i The World's Fair . 104 World's Fair impressions 101 The American Rose Society 105 Miscellaneous seasonable hints 103 New York 106 Philadelphia ; 106 Baltimore 107 St. Louis 107 The model farm 107 Fire insurance 110 Propagating the clematis 110 The seed trade 112 News notes 112 Toronto 114 Worcester, Mass 114 Boston IIG Chicago 118 Obituary— Wm. Thompson, Jr 118 Recent Legal Decisions. Burden of Proof where Perishable Freight is Damaged. When goods, though perishable or lia- ble to rap'.dly deteriorate from internal causes, are damaged while in the hands of the carrier the burden of proof is upon him to show either that he was free from negligence or that, notwithstanding his negligence, the damage occurred without his fault; that is, that his negligence did not contribute to the damage. Central R. & B. Co. V. Hasselkus. Sup. Ct., Ga. Right to Obstruct Flow of Surface Water. An owner of land who builds an em- bankment thereon which obstructs the flow of surface water that falls and accu- mulates upon his neighbor's land does not become liable for the injury arising therefrom unless the passage way through which it flows is such as to constitute a water course. Chicago, K. & N. Ry. Co. V. Steck. Sup. Ct., Kan. Mignonette as I Grow It. In answer to several inquiries as to how I cultivate this now fashionable cut flower I will use the columns of our esteemed journal, the American Florist, as a means of conveying my practice of growing it. In former years I would raise about 2,000 plants in as many 4-inch pots, partly for winter sale, and the greatest number of them for spring market sales, most of them being sold to dealers at an average price of $1.20 per dozen. But since there has been a de- mand for good cut mignonette I grow a thousand less for pot sale, but four to five thousand more for cut flowers, and in pots at that, to one single solitary stem and flower. In order to find the most convenient and profitable manner of raising migno- nette for cutting I have tried several ways. One way is planting them on benches in four inches of good potting or even garden soil, and when grown into a bush, and before blooming, would disbud the different stems of the side shoots as they appeared. Another way is identical with the above, but the stems are de- prived of their top bud, leaving the three upper side breaks to grow and bloom; thus each stem about twelve inches long forms a spray at the top six or eight inches long, makingthe whole stem about twenty inches, the entire plant bearing five to eight such stems. They sold at $10 per hundred stems or spraj'S, but were not appreciated as much as those with one flower to a stem. Another way, and the one now adopted here, is growing them altogether in pots, one plant in a -l-inch pot to single stem and flower. Grown in either of these different ways they will make large flow- ers, although the pot grown are a trifle smaller, but stem and foliage is harder and last longer after being cut. It may look absurd at first to give this weedy plant that much attention, but when a chrysanthemum (to one flower) can be grown and sold wholesale at $8 per hun- dred I can not see why mignonette can not be raised that way as profitably when sold at such a price and grown in pots with less space and easier handling. Since its introduction I have used no other than the now well known variety Machet. It grows a strong stem, dark green robust foliage, and above all a fine spike of florets, the whole spike when at its best from four to six inches above stem and very fragrant. For December blooming I sow the seed in August, in September for January and February, and by first of October for March and April blooming. For sowing, a part of any ordinary bench in a partly open airy greenhouse is filled with three inches of soil. In this the seed is sown in drills, the drills two inches apart and one fourth inch deep. After sowing it is carefully levelled off and watered with a fine sprinkler, so as not to wash the seed out of the soil. I shade the glass slightly by whitewashing. I prefer this sowing in benches in an airy greenhouse to sowing in frames outside, for though they will dry out sooner on benches there is less danger of damping off. Seed will be up in three to five days. Should some plants start to damp off I take a teaspoon and dig out at such place one or two spoonfuls of soil, along with the specks of fungoid growth developed there, and so remove the cause, thereby isolating and saving the other plants. The same method I practice in the cutting bench, which, when done in time, stops the further growth of fungusimmediately, at least with all soft wooded cuttings. After the mignonette is up and growing I thin out the plants to about a quarter or half inch. By this time the white moth makes its appearance, depositing its eggs underneath the leaves as it flies from one plant to another. Not many days after the tiny green worm will appear, feeding on and destroying the foliage and plant. To prevent them from doing harm I spray the plants once a week with a solution of one teaspoonful of paris green to about two gallons of water, well stirred. This will kill all the small worms while feeding before there is hardly any harm done. This syringing is kept up till late in the fall, when moths have disappeared. When the plants are about one inch high they are taken up and potted into 2-inch pots and put on a bench in an airy house; watered freelj- the first time, but after that syringed sparingly but often. I cover the plants with paper for shade, as well as to keep too much air off for the first few days, but have the glass lightly shaded after the paper is left off. In about a week to ten da^-s they are root- ing ana growing, when they are left to the full light. As long as there is no danger of frost I leave ventilators open day and night. When of suitable size, say three inches high and otherwise in fair proportion, I transplant into 4inch pots, taking care not to break the ball of soil, else they will get a severe check in their growth. For this reason I give them a good watering the day before potting. When putting in the i-inch pot (which is the final potting) I either mix in the soil chicken or pigeon manure, or, better still, put a layerof it about half an inch thick in the bottom of the pot. When plants are growing up and need support each plant is taken in hand again, given a stick fifteen inches long and then tied once. After a month or six weeks they will be long enough to be tied once more, by which time they will have made side growths, which are removed at the same time, and later on when near bloom- ing the last sidegrowth is removed again. The potsduring all this time are standing quite close together. 102 The American Florist. Sept. 7, During winter the temperature is kept low, say 40° to 4-5° at night, and ten to fifteen degrees higher in the day time. The mignonette I had on benches were also grown in 2-inch pots and afterwards planted one foot apart, but they were pinched back once, so as to form a bushy plant. In order to grow straight stems I put four sticks around each plant and draw a string around them to keep up the branches. These are about all the essential points in my treatment of mignonette, and it will not be amiss for anyone interested in its culture to try this method. A. Meyer. St. Louis. Vases. It will be recollected that early in the season we published engravings from photographs of vases, etc., as they ap- peared just after being filled by Mr. Wm. Scott, of Buffalo, and promised pictures of the same again after the plants had made a good growth. We now redeem our promise and present in this issue views of three of the vases from photo- graphs by E. L.Caflish, of Buffalo. Views of the hanging baskets, window boxes, etc. will appear in subsequent issues. Mr. Scott's descriptions of these vases follow. The rustic vase illustrated is 2 feet 9 inches high and 2 feet square. These are largely used in Buffalo cemeteries and give great satisfaction, the plants doing rather better in them than in iron vases. As the plants used in each of the vases are much the same, with only slight varia- tion, I will give the whole list at the end of these notes. The wire basket was 2 feet 6 inches in height, 3 feet long and 1 foot 4 inches wide. This basket costs about the same as a rustic wooden basket and has the same advantage in low first cost, also the same disadvantage in that its life is only 3 to 4 years. A further objection is, there being only a thin layer of green moss between the soil and wire frame, evaporation is very rapid and lots of water is needed. The cast iron reservoir vase, such as illustrated, is in more general use than any other style. The size of the one shown is, height 3 ieet, diameter 2 feet. The drooping plants growing in the vases illustrated were: Nierembergia gracilis, senecio, money vine, vinca — variegated and plain green, abutilon, Lobelia gracilis and erinus speciosa, nas- turtium, lophospermum, Solanum jas- minoides grandiflora, variegated gle- choma, ivy geranium. The upright plants were: Draciena in- divisa, Crozy canua, Nephrolepis tuber- osum (much better than exaltata for this purpose), Anthemis coronaria, several varieties of flowering geraniums (all double), Mt. of Snow and bronze gera- niums. Rose of Castile and Black Prince fuchsias, anthericum, three or four of the most distinct colored coleus (none better than old Verschaffcltii, Black Hero and Golden Bedder), rex begonias, tuberous rooted begonias and achyranthes in variety. Notes on Propagation. In order to keep up an assortment of sizes of decorative plants it is necessary to continue propagating in such quanti- ties as one's trade requires at all seasons of the year, but it is well to remember that the summer is the most favorable time for many operations of this charac- ter from the fact that it is the active growing season for a majority of the plants in general use as decorative stock. Of course it is desirable to have a house set apart for this purpose, but if limited space will not permit of this arrangement then the next best plan must be substi- tuted, that is, the enclosure of a certain space in one of the houses by means of frames, so that the proper conditions may be secured for successful work. For general use in the propagating bed some clean sharp sand has long been the favor- ite material, as is well known by every florist, but for many warm house plants, such as crotons, dracaenas, pandanus, ficus and others there is no better medium than cocoa fibre refuse, either for plant- ing the cuttings in or to plunge the pots within the frame, this material retaining moisture for a long time without becom- ing sodden and also promoting rapid root growth. The various palm seeds of trade varie- ties are also received in most instances during the summer months, and in all cases should be given prompt attention, almost any light soil answering for the seed pans or boxes, and the old fashioned rule for sowing seeds of covering them with soil to a little more depth than the diameter of the seed will usually prove satisfactory for seeds of this class. Abun- dant drainage should be given to the pots or boxes, for stagnant moisture generally results in failure in palm grow- ing, and this fact should never be lost sight of from the seedling stage up. The common practice in many establishments has been to sow palm seeds in about six inch pots, though shallow pans and boxes are also used to a greater or less extent and with some saving in space, but where very large quantities are sown they are sometimes planted out on side benches where abundant bottom heat can be given, the latter method having been in use for a number of years in some of the large European establishments. If wooden boxes are used it is advisa- ble to give them a good coat of white- wash both inside and out before using and the addition of a small quantity of carbolic acid to the whitewash will be a further preventive of fungoid growth. Strong bottom heat will give much quicker results in thegerminationof palm seeds, but I have been unable to prove that soaking the seeds in warm water for twenty-four to forty-eight hours be- fore planting has resulted in any quicker growth, though this method has at times been recommended. The period of germination varies greatly with different species, probably the quickest to start into growth being Latania borbonica, the germ of which frequently protrudes through the shell in from ten days to two weeks from the time of planting, while the seeds of some of the attaleas have been known to remain dormant in the ground ioxjive to eight years belore mak- ing any apparent growth. It is, how- ever, almost needless to remark that palms with the latter characteristic are not likely to become trade plants, and are seldom met with outside of private collec- tions or botanical gardens. Kentias also are somewhat slow, usu- ally requiring from three months upward for their germination, but if the seeds are fresh and the conditions favorable the result should be from fifty to seventy-five per cent of the number of seeds sown in the crop of plants to be potted oft". But unfortunately all the seeds sent to mar- ket are not fresh and failures frequently occur, so that the result noted above cannot always be counted on. Dracaena canes of the trade varieties, as D. terminalis, D. terminalis stricta, D. ferrea and D. fragrans are also offered at this time and should be planted at once, the common method being to lay them on a well heated bench in the propagat- ing house, said bench b-ing filled to a depth of three or tour inches with a mix- ture of sphagnum and sand and the canes almost buried in this material. Some trouble has been experienced in some in- stances from the fact of the stock plants of dracaenas becoming infested with one of the many fungoid diseases, this mak- ing its appearance in the form of the so- called "spot," and where this prevails in any great degree it is wiser to discard the young stock at once, as but a small per- centage of the affected plants, will out- grow the disease sufficiently to become saleable specimens. But, providing this difficulty is not en- countered, the canes will soon start into growth from nearly every joint, and the young plants should be cut away as soon as they have made a few roots. The toppingof ficus has frequently been described in the Florist, and ■ we need only remark that the most symmetrical plants are secured by this method, and that the operation is a rapid one during warm weather, and while it may be con- tinued at all seasons of the year in a warm house, yet the present is a good time, and useful little plants may still be secured in time for this winter's sales. W. H. Taplin. Seasonable Hints. The great bulk of the carnation plants distributed are sold in the form of cut- tings during the winter and spring months. This is the cheapest and best way to obtain stock. But there is alsa quite a large trade done in the fall in field grown plants. If properly packed they can be shipped long distances by express, but it is not safe to send them very far by freight, because of the danger of delay. The concession recently obtained from the express companies, whereby plants are received at general special rates will stimulate the sale not only of carnations but all other plants as well. In packing there are several points to bear in mind. The packages must be as light as strength will allow, the roots must be kept moist, and there should be no danger of the plants heating in transit. To follow these requirements is a simple matter, needing only care and forethought on the part of the person in charge. The plants are dag as we would for planting indoors, but the soil is more carefully shaken from the roots. The roots are dipped in water and dry soil shaken over them. Unless the plants are small this had better be done one or two at a time. They can be packed in the boxes in two ways. The quickest for large lots is to have the boxes — crates are better if strong enough — as deep as the plants are tall. Cover the bottom with a good layer of damp sphagnum, not too wet. Incline the box and commence at the lower end running a row of plants across, then place a layer of sphagnum against the roots and so on alternately until the box is full. They should be i893- The American Florist. 103 RUSTIC VASE. pressed together as tightly as they will bear, being careful not to break the stems, for they are very brittle. Proper care must be taken to separate each variety and to label them correctly and legibly. Slats are then nailed across the top of the box, for if open double express rates will be charged. It is handier to pack small lots in paper, using plenty of moss about the roots and rolling them in bundles, several plants together, as with other plants. The bundles can be packed flat in a box, but not in too large bulk, as the plants would be liable to heat._ When large plants like these are received by the purchaser the boxes should be well watered before being unpacked. When planted they should be shaded longer than plants j ust removed from the ground. The weight of carnations thus packed will vary according to size. Small lots will weigh more in proportion — aboiit one half to three quarters of a pound per plant. In large lots they will weigh packed from twenty-five to forty pounds to the hundred. W. R. Shelmire. Avondale, Pa. Chester County Carnation Society. The regular meeting for August was held at "The Patch," the comfortable home of President Lidley. Your corre- spondent unfortunately was obliged to be away on that day and missed the very pleasant afternoon, which was spent mostly out of doors. The subject of oil for fuel was continued, and Isaac Larkin reported further exper- imentation with oil burners, but with no favorable results. Jos. Phillips spoke of the favorable re- sults in a dry season from irrigation. Deep and shallow culture was discussed with verdict in favor of two to three inches depth. The regular meeting for September was held at the society's room, September 2. Mr. Darlington spoke of the good results from crimson clover to plow under, and approved of the use of domestic grown seed. Seed sown October first will be tall enough to plow under by the middle of November. Mr. Shelmire gave his experience with carnations for bloom in a violet house with the glass removed. The growth was not as strong as plants set out in the field. Wm. Swayne had some Tidal Wave plants carried in 3 inch pots until July 1 and then set in solid beds in a cool house that have made a strong growth. But- tercup and Golden Triumph treated in the same way are stronger than plants of same age and variety set out of doors. The potting of varieties most difficult to lift was recommended, to be done two weeks or more in advance of time for benching. Pride of Kennett and Anna Webb had been tried to advantage. Mr. Styer thought the extra work was un- necessarj' where ventilation was suffi- cient. He had planted a house August 1 with excellent result. He uses plant- cloth tacked to under side of sash bars, by which means he keeps houses much cooler. Edward Swayne showed an attachment for a hand cultivator to follow the har- row teeth and level and pulverize the ground — made of heavy galvanized wire set three fourths of an inch apart in a head or frame as wide as will cover the space between two rows. Mr. Darlington spoke of the successful use of whale oil soap to destroy the black aster beetle, one ounce to three gallons of water. The Chester County Carnation Society at all times extends a cordial invitation to the fraternity to visit them; the meet- ings are held on the first Saturday of each month, usually in the Boro' of Kennett Square. The membership, with one or two exceptions, embraces all the growers of the county, whether commercial or amateur, and includes a kw outside. Questions of general interest are talked over somewhat informally, carnation culture of course being the principal topic. C. J. P. Fresh Information Regarding Sweet Peas. Ed. Am. Florist:— Quite a batch of valuable notes have collected in my hand and they will perhaps be appreciated by your florist subscribers. At the London horticultural exhibit this summer Mr. Eckford showed nine new varieties of sweet peas in addition to the twelve nov- elties introduced last season. The nine are as follows: Blanche Burpee, a very large white seeded white; The Belle, Eliza Eckford and Duchess of York, three that the introducer pronounces grand; Countess of Aberdeen, a large very pale pink; Novelty, a very large red with orange tinted standard; Excelsior, scar- let; Mrs. Chamberlain, large, red striped; Meteor, bright orange salmon standard with light pink wings. This seems like a rapid addition of varieties, but it repre- sents the fruit of long years of patient work. This will make fifty-one Eckfords. How may wejudge of their merit? Two years ago six novelties were offered, viz.: Dorothy Tennant, Her Majesty, Mrs. Eckford, Ignea, Lemott Queen and Waverly. The writer has had them again this year in perfect bloom, and the first three are magnificent and all have merit. Again the twelve nov- elties offisred last year have been tried here. The writer had eleven of them in perfect bloom, and all of them were on exhibit at Springfield. I will name them in the order of their merit: Venus, Lady Penzance, Lady Beaconsfield, Firefly, Blushing Beauty, Emily Eckford, Peach Blossom, Ovid, Gaiety, Duke of Clarence, Stanley and Royal Robe. The first six are of great merit and all are worthy of their originator. These were all described in the .American Florist of February 9 last. It is safe to assume that the nov- elties just shown in London will have as large a percentage of extra fine ones among them as these we have tried in this country. Now it is somewhat tantalizing to call attention to these highly cultured vari- eties. Only a small number of the expen- sive sealed packets find their way to this countrj' the first year. And the serious question is going to be whether, by the time thej- are grown in sufficient quan- 104 The American Florist. Sept . 7, tity, they will hold the grand size they show -when fresh from the originator's hands. Much of their merit will be gone if by field culture they fall back to the old size and form. It is to be hoped that in every locality there will be enthusiasts who will make an exhibition flower of the sweet pea, and give everybody a taste of them at their best. With probably two hundred acres of this flower grown for seed this year in this country it is plain that the commoner varieties must be made a field crop to meet the demand; but the Eckfords that for the past five years have been taking on such size and expanded form are going to demand a class of growers who will cater to those who are willing to pay for them. Let me say to those who wish to im- port the expensive seed direct from Eng- land that it is of low germinating power the first year and should be started in the house. If one-third of it germinates, even with careful treatment, it may be consid- ered a good percentage. An English seedsman tells me that the varieties Carmen Sylva and Rising Sun, brought out by Laxton, are develop- ments from the Vesuvius stock and not specially remarkable. He saw the Emily Henderson growing in Germany and his testimony agrees with my experience with it this summer, that it is a white of remarkable substance and size and has what he calls the "paper"' whiteness. I commend it as the second American vari- ety of real merit. Let me speak again of the Lottie Eck- ford. Mr. Eckford tells me he did bring out such a variety, and describes it as a "creamy white with blue edge." But it appears to have been lost in the Butter- fly. An English house still sends out what they call Blue Edged, but on trial that does not hold distinct from the But- terfly. Our seedsmen have been misled into calling the Capt. Clarke the Lottie Eckford by some German house. There isn't a seed of true Lottie Eckford in this country, and for the present at least the variety is probably lost. Mr. Eckford does not list it. W. T. Hutchins. Indian Orchard, Mass. The World's Fair. This is a midway season, and there is no very great difference in the blooming material week by week. The phloxes are still holding their own on the Island; pity there is not a greatermass in bloom, and the sunflowers are very brilliant. But the drouth is very severe, and trees are suffering as well as everything else. It must be said however, that almost every- where on the grounds the turf is kept in splendid order, not a very easy matter, considering its recent origin, and the try- ing weather. The grass surrounding the canna beds is especially good. Thecannas themselves increase in beauty every week and the show of bloom is most striking. There is a liberal show of bloom in the little plot near tte department green- houses, called the'old-fashioned garden," which forms part of the New York state display. Marigolds, sunflowers, stocks, balsams, four o'clocks, pansies, and other familiar old flowers, all in a tangle of luxuriant growth. The home-like familiarity of this garden is commented on by many admirers. A number of the chrysanthemums, some planted in boxes, and others in heavy willow baskets, arc now standing outside; they look very robust. The re- mainder of the chrysanthemums is inside. All these plants look well, and we may hope tor a good show of bloom before the Fair closes. The tuberous begonias in the New York display have grown out of disease now, and are flowering freely, showing many magnificent blooms. They are extremely showy, particularly the yellows, salmons and light scarlets. The roses in the little rose house are blooming very freely. Mrs. W. C. Whitney is a mass of pink flowers, and the house is filled with its fragrance. Kaiserin Augusta Victoria is also flower- ing very freely, and the same may also be said of Senator McNaughton and Mme. Caroline Testout. The nymphseas, both in the inner court and the basin in front of the Horticult- ural Building, are not just now showing very much bloom. The Egyptian lotus seems to be doing but indifferently, which is a pity, for it would make a great im- pression blooming with its accustomed luxuriance in such conspicuous places. In the southwest corner of the dome in the Horticultural Building, there is a group of araucarias from Pitcher & Manda, which, perhaps, hardly attracts as much notice as it deserves. It includes very unusual varieties of great beauty, as well as familiar ones. Among them is A. Cunninghami glauca, similar in form and habit to the type, but with bluish tinted foliage. A. Rulei glauca is a striking variety, somewhat suggestive of A. im- bricata in habit, but with leaves less sharply pointed. A. Rulei viridis was another form, with very rich green foliage. The type is a native of the Papuan Archipelago. A. brasiliensis and the familiar A. excelsa were both to be seen in good form. Two forms of A. robusta were especially stately and beau- tiful. One was A. robusta viridis Ver- vatli, this is very beautiful in both form and color; the other, A. robusta Nie- praski elegans, slender and gpraceful in growth. A. Cunninghami viridis was noticeable for its rich green color. Behind these araucarias is a group of cycads. Zamia Roezlii and Z. Lehmani are shown as good sized specimens, and there are some fine macrozamia^, among them a fine M. spiralis, and M. Macken- zie Encephalartus horridus looks quite formidable enough to justify its name. E. pungens glauca and E. Altensteinii are both good specimens and thegroup is com- pleted by cycases and dions. The group giv^s an opportunity for comparison of the various cycads, and is in harmony with the araucarias in front of them. World's Fair Impressions. I have been there, and should be sorry to have missed it. I was disappointed in some things, or rather in not finding some things we are badly in want of, and which, after leading such a retired life as I have done for several years, I expected to find there. I did not expect to find the plants blooming all the year round, which the ladies always inquire for; what I was in hopes of finding was something in the way of hardy shrubs, trees and herba- ceous plants to fill the place of springand early summer stuff in the hardy garden. Hardv hydrangeas and a few colors in altheas have been our stronghold in shrubs foralongtime; without these there is little amongshrubsinbloomat this sea- son. Herbaceous phlox were seen in fine showy varieties, but the improvement in them is not very marked since I was a little boy. Tritoma uvaria in large clumps would have a very striking and pleasing effect at the edge of the lakes and lagoons, but the grumbling public should remember such clumps are not made in one year, and I question very much if they would stand the climate at Chicago such winters as the last. I certainly expected something more from our nurserymen in the way of sum- mer and fall blooming hardy stuff, but I did not see it. I mtt no better sweep in looking through the European exhibits of hardy plants, which at least did not show to any better advantage, and some things shown are about as useful in this climate as a last year's bird nest. Visitors who were fortunate enough to be at the Fair while azaleas were in bloom inside and rhododendrons and hardy aza- leas outside are now disappointed because they do not see the same blaze of color at this season. I, who have put in about ten years of my life about the London shows and the garden of the world for rhododendrons and that class of plants, parts of Berkshire and Surrey, England, naturally can tell what effect such plants have, and I know they do not bloom the year round. If they did we would tire of them, but I should like to see something to take their place later in the season. I did not see it at the Fair, nothing really to relieve the monotonous green and brown of the shrubbery but the Hydran- gea paniculata grandiflora, which is one of the grandest hardy plants in cultiva- tion, and the man who will introduce something equally good and easily grown and of a brighter color, would be entitled to a monument of more lasting material than the statues at the World's Fair. I am not growling because that flower- ing stuff is not there; the general public growl about that; I am only growling, if it can be called growling, because such stuff as is wanted for the purpose is not in existence, even in catalogues. Some of the public are complaining be- cause they don't see the twelve apostles made of echeverias. I saw a bed of cro- tons in front of the Pennsylvania Build- ing that excelled anything in the mosaic line. Some of them think they ought to see Columbus and his crew made of alter- nanthera; instead of that I saw superb beds of cannas, which are deservedly com- ing to the front. In addition to what I saw outside I saw inside what I consider a masterpiece of arrangement in the large dome, which I consider as near perfect as could be done in the time, when taking into con- sideration the height of the place. The tallest plants in cultivation would be mushrooms in it. I have seen such places as the palm houses at Chatsworth and Kew in England, where grand plants can be seen, but they would be dwarfed in such a place as the dome of the Horticult- ural Building, Jackson Park. Then the public should take into consideration the lact that the buildings above named have taken more than a lite time to bringthem to the state of perfection they arenow in, while at Jackson Park it was for tempo- rary and immediate efl'ect, which I think is grand. Then some people say of the climbing vines, "That common thing," which means the despised old Coba^a scandens. What could be found to give the effect in such a short time? Suppose such plants had been used as the best varieties of strong growing passifloras, tacsonias, allamandas, Thunbergia Har- risii and several other grand old things for climbers in hothouses. By the time the ground was warm enouj^h for them to commence rooting fora stronggrowth the season would be over and the vines a dead failure. Most likely if the same thing was to be done over again many changes would be made in planting the mound, but taking all things into consid- eration I ihink it a great success. iSgs- The American Florist. 105 WIRE BASKET OR STAND. As yonr valuable space will be much taken up with aftermath of conventions, congresses and other seasonable matter I ■will say no more about what I saw fur- ther than to say I saw John Thorpe, and was never better pleased to shake hands with anyone in my life than I was with Uncle John in his natural element. Detroit. S. Taplin. The American Rose Society. It will be the source of much gratifica- tion to all horticulturists to know that an American Rose Society has been organ- ized. The idea of adding the secretaries of the Carnation, Chrysanthemum and Rose Societies to the committee on nomencla- ture of the S. A. F. is an excellent one. Though the nomenclature in the Rose Society will not require so much watch- fulness as it does in the other two socie- ties— at present, at least. There is no telling what it may be when rose seed- lings are raised by the acre in California and other favored parts of the country. Perhaps it would not be out of place for the society to undertake to abbrevi- ate some of the names which many roses receive, notably those sent out by Euro- pean florists; especially does this apply to the names given by the rosarians of France. Nor are the craft very far be- hind in this respect in Germany. That sterling rose Kaiserin Augusta Victoria is a case in point. Active Americans will not take time to give the full name when speaking about this promising white rose — and the}- are talking about it very often in these days. Its value as a sum- mer rose cannot be questioned, as it is proving itself to be away up in the front rank for that purpose this season. I mean as grown under glass, as I have not seen it tried outdoors so far. Whether it will prove to be profitable for winter work remains to be seen. It is very fre- quently referred to as "Kaiserin," — with a diversity of pronunciations! Sometimes it is called Augusta Victoria and again simply "Victoria." Would it not be well for the Rose Society to offer some advice on this point, or take some action? "Augusta" was at one time given to the old Solfaterre, and sent out as a new variety. This was many years ago. It is rarely or never called by that name nowadays. To be known as only Victo- ria, would lead some people to think that it was an English raised variety, and named after Queen Victoria! There is another variety of German origin, which has for its prefix Kaiserin — "Kaiserin Freidrich," and if this should prove to be a popular and valuable variety, it would hardly do to call either of them only Kaiserin, as it might cause some confusion. The latter variety is said to be a cross between Gloire de Dijon and Perle des Jardins. This is an excellent combination, and may prove useful, but whether for cut flower or not can onh' be determined by a thorough trial. The Rose Society can help us greatly in the matter of nomenclature. E. L. Miscellaneous Seasonable Hints. Tulips and narcissus will now be ar- riving, and if you have the chance get them boxed at once. What you want for outside planting or for sales can be put aside, for there are a good many weeks yet to spare for that, but those you want to force should be planted in the flats as soon as possible. There is nothing gained by delay. If started at once~ they will be rooted before very severe weather comes, and then forcing them into flower is an easy matter. I have more than once in these pages given the dimensions of the flat that I believe is the most convenient size, and they should be all alike for every kind of bulb youtorce. The size is twenty- four inches long, twelve inches broad and three inches deep inside measure, the end piece one inch thick, sides and bottom one-half inch. You can make this box on your own place, and labor, lumber and all won't cost more than six cents each. You don't have to use a fine compost for the tuUps, Von Sion, etc. Any old rose or carnation soil is amply good enough if it is in the right condition. I place the flats out of doors on a dry piece ot ground in beds six feet wide, and a space of five or six feet between the beds. Put some old strips of boards under the boxes. They lift up much cleaner and better than they would if placed on the ground. Thoroughly soak the flats before covering; this is of great importance. I have seen some people trust to "fall rains"; let the hose be the first fall rain, and a good one. If we have an occasional good rain no more watering will be needed, but if we get a long dry spell, as we sometimes do in the fall, give the beds a good wetting every two weeks. After the soaking has gone well down I put on a very thin covering of buckwheat husks, or a very slight covering of straw; this makes the earth covering break away nicely from the soil in the flats when you are bringing them in to force. After that (the straw) throw up the soil from between the beds till the bulbs are covered to a depth of from two to three inches and not more; the excavation you have made digging out the soil affords fine drainage for the beds. Nothing more can be done, except the watering, till winter comes in earnest. For the last covering I prefer to let the earth on the beds be frozen an inch or so, and then throw on your covering of long stable manure; from four to six inches is enough. The snow will do the rest. If in a colder latitude than this perhaps more covering of manure is necessary. It does not hurt Von Sion, or any of the tulips or Dutch hyacinths, in the least to be frozen hard, but I have noticed that when frozen much they take several days longer before coming into flower. Don't forget that paper white narcissus don't want any frost at all at any time of their existence. As you will be lifting the violets about the end of the month, go over them care- fully now and cut off all runners; one fine crown is all you want at lifting time. If you want a batch of Bermuda lilies eaily, bring in some and start them young, slowly increase the temperature as the plants increase in size. You ought to be very busy propagating a great variety of stuff iust now. The ivy geranium is an important plant with us now. Put in the cuttings at once in sand. Two other plants indispensable as droopers are vinca and Abutilon vexil- larium. Some lift old plants of these; to have a few old plants is useful, but where you want several thousand of each so many would occupy too much room for 106 The American Florist. Sept 7, many months. I propagate them the middle of this month. The abutilon re- quires a little more care than many other things. To be entirely successful with it take only the tenderest end shoots, and as they wilt badly if neglected be sure and keep them well shaded and watered. As the vinca and abutilon require just about the same handling, I will sav after being potted from the cutting bench they are kept in 2-inch pots until the middle of February, when their top is pinched off and they are shifted into 3 or 3y2-inch pots. They can be stood along the edge of a rose or carnation bench, and will make fine young stuff by the first of June, plenty large enough. There is a small, insignificant weed (I am almost ashamed to write about it, yet you see it in some very grand cata- logues) that is used largely by us; it is the little money vine, lysimachia. With all its insignificance, I remember the time when I did not know how to manage to have a nice lot of young plants of it in the spring. Take a lot of the healthy shoots now, put three cuttings in a 2-inch pot, keep them shaded and watered; in a few days they will be rooted. Keep them in a cold frame covered with sash all winter till 1st of April, them bring them in, and after they start to grow shift into 3-inch and you will have useful plants for baskets, etc. If you keep them in the greenhouse all winter they get a rust and are useless. Another weed, the variegated glechoma, a very useful drooping plant, should be treated precisely as the money vine. Don't let you coal bin be empty just now; some nights in the near future your young roses and old ones too if you have any, will want the chill taken off" them. Experienced rose growers know all about that dreaded fungus which is produced by a cool night and close temperature. If it is impossible for you to fire up a little on cold nights then donH shut up your house; leave on a good bit of ventilation, even if the temperature should go down to 40° outside. It is not the low temper- ature that produces that leaf drooping fungus, but a close damp atmosphere, so leave on plenty of air if you can't fire up a little. Wm. Scott. Buffalo, N. Y. ' New York. "The worst week we have ever had," is the average report from all the large establishments in the city. This has been the story all summer, but each week seems to outstrip the last in dullness. The florist's stores are practically deserted. Many have been making improvements during the summer rnouths. Warendorf's is all finished and ready for business, so is Hanft's. Fleishman's new store under the Hoffman House is now beginning to show how beautiful it will be. The decorations on the walls and especially the frieze are very handsome. Scallen's store is all pulled to pieces, and when re- furnished and decorated will be as good as new. Mr. Scallen is more interested in a new horse than the flower business just now, "so they say." The wholesale dealers find but little to do, many of the generous ones have devoted the rear of their store to the ac- comodation of the "Greeks" who find the same dullness on the street that prevails in the stores and so employ their time in testing their luck at that highly respecta- ble game known as "hoss and boss." The dullness in the wholesale and in the 34th street market is still further emphasized by the absence of His Honor Mr. Johnnie Wier, who is taking a vacation for nearly the first time in his life, and has gone with his family to see the World's Fair. He is greatly missed. The windows of the various flower establishments are not very attractive as but little effort is being made to make any display. In the window of a leading establishment on one of the finest streets is to be seen a fine group of araucarias, nice plants but disfigured by the weeds growing in the pots, the weeds being in some cases larger than the plants them- selves, and the pots are quite thickly covered whith slime. They say that "the less a man has to do the less he will do," and flower clerks are not an exception to the rule, for in this case while the plants were to be seen in such shape in the win- dow, the clerks in the rear of the store were doing their best to kill time. The grower should not have brought plants to the city in such shape, anyway. The firm of Hunter and Purdy have dissolved, Mr. Purdy retiring and Mr. Hunter continuing the business under the name of Frank D. Hunter. Mr. Purdy has not yet decided as to his future move- ments. Over at Flatbush there are indications of a revival. Mr. Meissner is home from the Catskills and very much improved in health. Mr. Kretschmar and Mr. Berg- man have just returned from Europe greatly benefited by their trip, and ready to do their share towards making the horticultural superiority of the Flatbush florists sure for the coming season. It is said that cyclamens at Flatbush are likely to break the record this year if good in- tentions and determination on the part of the growers amount to anything. Julius Roehrs, another of the European absentees, has also just returned with his family to Carlton, N. J. Madison, N. J. still keeps up as the leading rose growing centre from appear- ances over there at present. Fentou has built three new houses this year, and Francis and others have all made im- provements more or less in their estab- lishments. Francis will make mignonette one of his leading specialties again this year. The house for the mignonette is 350x30. The young plants are in good shape excepting where the wood louse has got in its work on them. He is a great deal of trouble and the only wa3' to save the plants is to cover each one with a wire netting. J. Murphy has the repu- tation of growing some of the best Mer- mets and Brides thatcomefromMadison. A peculiar thing of the Madison florists is their sociabilitj-. You call on number one, who immediately leaves his work and escorts you to see number two, who immediately joins and assists number one in escorting you to see number three, who does likewise, thus increasing the crowd as you go along to number four, and by the time you get around your trip you will have a small army. At Summit, J. N. May has been making very extensive alterations and additions to his establishment. While the work is not fully completed yet it is far enough along to show that when finished it will be one of the finest establishments on the continent. A large steam boiler has been put in and about 600 running feet of houses have been added. The young roses appear to be in splendid condition. The French cannab at Short Hills are very fine just now. Mr. Manda regards the new Charles Henderson as the finest one of the season. Late planted auratum lilies are making a great show here. They will be in bloom continuously until November. Philadelphia. The recent disastrous storms visited our city in part, causing considerable damage to trees and large vines, such as ampelopsis, wistarias, etc., which were torn from trellises and walls. As far as we can hear however none of the trade suf- fered to any great extent, the amount of damage being the loss here and there of a ventilator, and the blowing out of loose panes of glass. It is really wonderful, the amount of wind the ordinary greenhouse structures will stand. Large trees willbe uprooted or great branches broken off' while the light glass roofs of greenhouses on the same place will escape the fury of the storm uninjured. It is said that if secure, the ventilators should always be raised a short distance during a severe wind storm, there not being as much strain on the roof, when the air can escape from the house as when it is con- fined. Business, while very light indeed, is still quite good for the season, and as the September days increase in number we hope and feel sure that the sunbrowned faces of the flower buying public already appearing, will become more and more con- spicuous on our street s, and also hope that the early fall weddings may set in quite prematurely. Thegrowers say their stock has never looked finer, the palm men claiming to have their plants in better shape and in larger variety than ever be- fore. The retail men have renovated and touched up their stores generally, and are only waiting for the faintest suspicion of a revival of trade to lay in a stock and begin the season in earnest. Prices of all kinds of cutflowers remain about the same. With the cool evenings the quality of roses seems to be improving. Sweet peas are done and asters are on the wane, they have been unusually good this season. Tuberoses are commencing to be seen and before long will be found on the street corners by the bucket full. Gladiolus are a drug and are offered, fine spikes, two for five cents; there is no money for either the grower or the dealer at this price, and it is a question whether any more are sold at the reduced figure than at the old one of five cents for one or six for twentv-five. In the La Roche & Stahl matter there is nothing new. The bank creditors seem to think it will be better not to sacrifice or force to a sale immediately the equity in the real estate, but to wait awhile until the financial flurry is over, and be- ginning probably next fpring, select a few choice lots to be put up and sold and in this way try and get as much as possi- ble out of the property. The personal property was sold under the judgment held' by the trustee and not by any one person, and was purchased by J 'r. Heb- ener, vice-president of the Market street National Bank, not for the bank however, as was at first supposed but for his own personal benefit. As his purchase included all the stock at the greenhouses as well as the stock, good will, fixtures, and lease of the store, he has jumped at one bound into the positions of grower and dealer, and only lacks the necessary experience to make him a full fledged member of the craft. Rodman Eisenhart is first in with single violets; they are very fragrant but look better in the basket with the lid on than they do on the counter. Rod had better let them hide their modest heads for awhile longer. A picked team under the guidance of Isaac Kennedy tried to show how they would have brought that cup back in a game with the team which represented iSgs- The Am eric ax Florist. 107 Never mind, we will get it here yet, and that pretty soon. Mack. St. Louis. CAST IRON RESERVOIR VASE. the club in the match at St. Louis. But they did not even make a respectable showing as they were defeated in both matches, the last time by over 400 pins, so that Captain Anderson's men will now have a rest. K. Baltimore. The long drought is broken at last and we have green grass and full tanks again. The rain came too late for the asters, which, thanks to the beetle and heat, are very, very scarce. A good illustration of the value of scientific nomenclature was furnished at the last meeting of the club by a discus- sion about this same beetle. A Question from the question box was: "How to protect asters from the beetle?" One member said as it was a shy bug the best plan was to plant, if possible, where people passed frequently close to the asters; when this was not practicable the preparation of paris green used for potato bugs would do equally well for this, as it was the old original potato bug with which he was acquainted long before the Colorado beetle made its appearance. Thereupon another member said the question had nothing to do with potato bugs, which were soft, yellow, worm-like creatures, but a beetle which preyed upon asters and several other plants, and which was about an inch long and of a slate color or jet black, even intimating that the first member had lost his bear- ings on the question altogether, to which of course the first, being per- fectly sure of the two beetles, made reply, and the profitable considering of ways and means to destroy the pest degenerated into a dispute about identity, which would all have been impossible had any one been able to give the name of either the Colorado beetle, or the long black one, or both. The dahlias have suffered as well as the asters, but there is time yet to get a fair bloom from them; so far they are scarce and poor. Everybody seems to be trying to get up more glass this vtar, so we may hope to be in a measure independent of other cities for our flowers next winter, if noth- ing happens. A list of the florists who have put up more glass this summer would include a heavy majority of those in the business. The returned delegates to the conven- tion seem to find it hard to express their pleasure, and the satisfaction they derived from the excursion aud convention seems to have exceeded their most sanguine ex- pectation. There seems to be only one fault to find with them, and that is that they did not get the S. A.F.for next year. Trade continues to improve slightly as the season advances and the home comers continue to increase. The convention of Sunday* School workers during the past week has been given credit for livening things up a bit. Stock comingin is about the same as the average during the sum- mer, but the cool nights now prevailing are expected to improve indoor flowers. Preparations are being made all around for firing, the thermometer having gone as low as 52° during the past week. The chrysanthemums grown for cut flowers at the various places noted lately are in fine shape, and the contests at the fall show in these classes promises to be spirited. Mr. John Young and family have returned from Atlantic City, where they have spent several weeks, all looking very well and expressing themselves as having had a pleasant time. R. F. T. The "Model Farm," Philadelphia. The model farm at Point Breeze, owned by Mr. Kingsley, of the Continental Hotel, is notable as being one of the first places in this neighborhood where mush- room growing was successfully carried on on a large scale. The late Mr. Kings- ley, senior, was an enthusiast on the subject and not only grew enough for his big hotel, but shipped large quantities to New York and elsewhere besides. It is a good many years now since they first began growing mushrooms at the model farm (over twenty), and they are still producing them in large quantities. Mr. McCaftVey, the late superintendent at the model farm, earned quite a reputa- tionas a successful growerof mushrooms, and since he left Mr. Kingsley, five or six years ago, to start in the business on his own account at Moorestown, New Jersey, he has done well. He grows the mush- rooms under the benches in his green- houses, using the benches for radishes, lettuces, beets, cucumbers, tomatoes and other vegetables. Mr. James Smith, the present superin- tendent at the model farm, has also had good luck with mushroom growing as well as with most other crops raised on the place. On the occasion of a recent visit there by the writer the spick and span condition of the horses, cows and other stock, the well tilled fields, the flourishing crops and the absence of weeds were a pleasure to see and spoke volumes for Mr. Smith's ability and in- dustry. Mr. Kingsley has got a "model" farm indeed, and a "model" manager, too, for that matter. Mr. Smith informed the writer that his son Archibald, who has ably assisted his father for some years, takes charge of the model farm on the 1st of August, Mr. Smith himself having been appointed superintendent of the Betz estate at Betz- wood, four miles above Morristown, this state. The Betz estate comprises about 1,700 acres in the highest state of culti- vation. All kinds of truck is raised and the greenhouses are new and verj' com- plete. Mr. Betz is to be congratulated on having secured such an able manager ior his place as Mr. Smith. There are few who have the abilitv, training and experience necessary to fill so important a position where one must be something of an expert, both in agriculture and horticulture, and at the same time of good executive ability and able to man- age large affairs in a thorough and busi- 108 The American Florist, Sept. 7, ness-like manner. Mr. Smith has many friends in the trade, all of whom will be glad to hear of his new appointment and will follow him with their best wishes. G. C. Watson. Marlboro, Mass.— S. M. Wile is erect- ing a new 100 foot greenhouse on Hos- mer street. Wellsboro, Pa. — W. H. Whiting has added 2,300 feet of new glass this season. Please mention the American Florist every time you write to an advertiser. SITUATIONS. WANTS. FOR SALE. AdvertlsementB under Ihle head will be Inserted at the rate of 10 cents a line (seven words) each Inser- tion. Cash must accompany order. Plant advs. not admitted under this head. ITUATION WANTED— By an experienced florist and s:ardener. Address E. HAY, care Mrs. Josephsen. 200 N. Green St.. Chicago. s SITUATION WANTED-By a florist, Bingle. with over 21.1 years" experience, on private or commer- cial place. References. Geo. Munich. Attica, N. Y. SITUATION WANTED— In or around New York by end ot Sept. by gardener with 18 years' experience in greenhouse and landscape work. Address E. care American Florist. Chicago. SITUATION WANTED-By first-class florist and gardener: thoroughly experienced in both branches; single. Best references. State wages. H. SwABY, Clifton, Green Co.. Ohio. SITUATION WANTED-By a practical gardener and florist, as such, or as fireman on large place. Best of references. German, married, 2 small children. A B. care American Florist. Chicago. SITUATION WANTED— By good all round grower; 15 years' practical experience in cut flowers, ferns, decorative and bedding plants; married, no familv. H. Weston, 387 Woolsey Ave., Astoria, U I., N. Y. SITUATION WANTED-As foreman on commercial place: thorough, practical knowledge of tlie pro- fession. Roses, carnations and bulb forcing a spe- cialty. Address Thos, McKenzie, 189 Sycamore St., Cincinnati, Ohio. SITUATION WANTED-By young man. married- private place preferred; s; years' experience on orchids, ciirysanthemums, stove and beddine stuff, etc. New York or New England preferred. Address Z, care American Florist. Chicago. SITUATION WANTED-By a first-class florist and trardener. who understands the business thor- oughly: 1(J years' experience in Europe and U. S.; Swede, age 20. single. Address P. G- Pearson, box ti96, Batavla, 111. SITUATION WANTED-As gardener or to take charge of private place : understands the care of all kinds of stock. Filled similar situation for 20 years. Best of references. Address B A. care American Florist, Chicago. SITUATION WANTED— By florist, in a cut flower or plant establishment; good grower of roses, car- natioOs and general bedding stuff. Good potter. Chicago or Milwaukee preferred. Address John K, P. O. box 05, Western Springs, 111. SITUATION WANTED-By a flrst-claes florist and gardener as foreman or head gardener, commer- cial place i)referred; SO years' experience in all branches; Austrian, married, no family. Address T. A. Ka.schka, 315 8th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. SITUATION WANTED— As florist or propagator in growing roses, carnations, palms, ferns, etc.; single man. 32 years of age, la years' experience In America and Europe. Charles Handel, care C. Nicolaus, 0923 Ave. B, Parkslde, South Chicago, SITUATION WANTED-As manager or foreman; thorouglily versed In roses, carnations, violets, decorative and bedding plants: the forcing of all kinds of bulbs; over 22 years' experience. References given If required. Florist. 41 Steinway Ave.. Cleveland. O. SITUATION WANTED-Ab manager or foreman I u large commercial or private place by married Ger- man flmist: 2U years' experience oth continents, and well up In grciwlng all kinds of flowers and shrubs, l-lrst-class references. Address A. F. Clemens. 41 Tennessee St.. S. Nashville, Tenn. SITUATION WANTED— Lnnscaoe gardener: capa- ble, industrious, ahle to draw and work after his own maps, wants engagement with trade or private parties. References exchanged. Willing to Invest small capital with reliable party In good location. Ad- dress Amuition, f. o. iMix 2;s.'t2. New York City. SITUATION WANTED— By flrst-class German binder and decorator; also experienced in cut flowers market and wlnter-flowerlng plants, strong, energetic, single ami reliable man; has capital, and later on would like to go Into company. Address, stating wages. Otto Uueckstedt. 75 Avrille Ave., Rochester, N. Y. ANTED TO RKNT-A few greenhouses with some ground, near Chicat'o. Address U M. care American Florist, Chicago. W WANTED— A man with experience: able to propa- gate and grow a general assortment of plants— for catalogue trade. Webster Bros., Hamilton, Ont. WANTED— Good plants of smilax. fleld-grown car- nations and general greenhouse stock for a new commercial place. Send price lists and samples. Ad- dress N. ZWEIFEL, 14th St. and Groeling Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. WANTED— A customer to buy 5.000 begonias, mixed white. Rubra, Argentea. Guttata, all leading varietes for 3^-lnch pots for winter blooming, 350.00 per 100. Write at once. A. K. Savacool, East Stroudsburg. Pa. WANTED— In a commercial establishment In Grand Rapids, Michigan, a thoroughly competent man, as working foreman. Must be a flrst-ciass rose grower and general propagator. No one addicted to drink or profanity need apply. Address J. W. Rawxinson, loO Monroe St.. Grand Rapids. Mich. FOR SALE OR LET— A valuable florist establish- ment near depot. Apply to Jacob Mendel, Nyack, N. Y. FOR SALE OR RENT-<^.000 square ft. glass, plenty of ground, 11 miles from Philadelphia, growing college town, steam heated, newlv built. Apply R. A. Dare, Swarthmore, Pa. TO LET AT ONCE— My florist business at 20 per cent, for me. Location best, cars stop and connect to all parts every half hour. Come and see. Sickness. Louis R. Fox, Gloversvllle. N. Y. FOR SALE— 1,200 feet 4-inch cast iron pipe at Oc per foot. Couplings, elbows, etc. at half cost. Ad- dress Jacob Russler. I02nd and Clinton Sts., Fernwot.id, Chicago, III. FOR SALE CHEAP— Ten acres of land with two greenhouses 20x100 feet each, -healed with hot water; In good location. Reason for selliog, I am not a florist. Address Chas. E. Olmsted, Danville. III. "W.A.rff T:EJI>- A practical seed grower: one who has had experi- ence In flower seeds preferred. Also plant packer for nursery mail department. Address Pacific Coast, P. O. box 2083. San Francisco, Cal. FOR SALE OR RENT. Rose and cut flower growing plant containing about 35.00(i square feet of glass; houses heated by steam and hot water; all in good condition; ^ell stocked with roses, ferns, palms, etc. Only IS minutes ride from center of city. If you mean business, address FLORIST, care Chas. E. Prather. Louisville, K>. FOR SALE OR TO RENT. The following greenhouse property, situated on the outskirts of Springfield, the City of Houses; or will sell Greenhouses, Stock and Fixtures and give ten years' lease of 2 acres land. Ten houses in all — 5 houses, 10 feet wide, 6o feet long; 4 houses, 18 feet wide, 65 feet long; 1 house. 18 feet wide, 65 feet long. Steam plant! New double Florida Boiler. Stock in good condition, with a large and extra good home market. This is an opportunity i" a life-time, as present owner has other interests to look after. If you are looking for a chance, apply at once to 5 Elm Street, SPRINGFIELD, MASS. Phoenix rupicola. w ANTED— Klr8t-clas.H roue and ball) grower. Sli gle. Address with full purtlculars, J. ii. IlAitiu;i,L, Oak Station, Allegheny Co.. Pa. This useful and beautiful Date Palm in EXTRA FINE PLANTS, growing in from 7 to 10-inch pots, from &ij.50 to $7.50 each, accordingto size. EDWIN LONSDALE, Wyndmoor, STATION *'G." PHILADELPHIA. (Chestnut Hill P. O.) FIELD GROWN CARNATIONS New Varieties. Goud, healthy plants. Mme. Dlnz A 1 bertlnl *25.U0 per 100 Mrs. B. Reynolds 20.00 Win. scott 20.00 Richmond 20 00 Spartan 15 (Ki Dr. Smart 15.10 Western Pride 15.00 Wabash 15 00 Blanche 15.00 FRED. DORNER & SON, La Fayette. Ind. 8,000 FIELD-GROWN CARNATIONS 16.00 per 100; f 50.00 per 1000. PROBST BROS. FLORAL CO., 1017 Broadway. KANSAS CITY. MO. FIELD-GROWN CARNATIONS. Large, liealthy plants of all k-adiiiir varielies, A discount on large orders. Write for prices. J. A. TRACHT & SON. Galion. Ohio. CARNATIONS strong and healthy, for Imme- diate Delivery. Per 100 MRS. FISHER | 6.00 McGOWAN and PORTIA 8.00 AURORA 12.00 THOS. CARTLEDGE & BUTTERCUP. 15.00 10 per cent, off for ."iOO plants: 15 per cent, off for 1000 plants. F. M. PENNOCK, Charlestown. JeHerson Co., W. Va. CARNATIONS. Healthy plants for winter blooming. TUBEROSE BULBS, home-grown, by the thousand. CUT FLOWERS of Carnations in season. AVONDAtE, Chester Co., PA. THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST. Therefore grow the best varieties of CARNATIONS, and get them from GEO. HANCOCK, Grand Haven, Mich. who has them, all. Send for price list of field- grown plants. CARNATIONS THE LEADING VARIETIES. E. T. LOMBARD, Wayland, Ivlass. FIELD GROWN CARNATIONS. Fine healthy plants for Winter Bloom. M, R. SHELMIRE, CHESTER CO.. AVONDALE, PA. Send for Circular. CARNATIONS^ Grace Wilder. Tidal Wave and Silver Spray, BOUVABDIAS, Pres. Cleveland, Pres. Garfield and Bridal Bouquet, single white. Also Kentias, Arecas, Latauia Borbonica, etc. Ready Sept. 1st. WM. A. BOCK, N. Cambridge, Mass. FIELD -GROWN CARNATIONS. 1 otter the followtn;: varieties In quantity; all strong, healthy plants, ready Sept. 10th: Mrs. Fisher, L. L. Lamborn, Puritan, Lizzie McGowan, White Dove, Angelus. Daybrealt. Mrs. Ferd. Mangold, Thos. Cartledge. Emily Pierson. Wm. F. Dreer, Golden Gate. Peachblow Coro-et, Caesar. A number of other kinds in small lots. Correspondence solicited. C. J. PENNOCK, The Pines, Kennett Square, Pa. FIELD-GROWN CARNATIONS. 30,000 FIKST-CLASS PLANTS. Nellie Lewis. Puritan. Portia. McGowan. Ameri- can Flag. Daybreak, Annie Wiegaud, J. J. Harri- son, Hinze's White, Tidal Waveandothervarieties. Send us a list of what you want, and get our Special low prices. VfCK & HIT.L. Rochester, N. Y. GflRNflTION PLftNTS 25,O00 including all the best varieties. Strong, healthy, tield-grown plants. ABDKEss N. S. GRIFFITH, Jackson Co. INDEPENDENCE, MO. Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. j8g3. The American Florist, 109 BEAUTY jvj:. a.. and BRIDESMAID, fine 3-incli now ready for plant- ing, $8.00 per 100. Also Perlc, Meteor, Cusiu, Wootton, Soupert, Hoste, Sunset, Mermet — and Bride, $6 per 100. A splendid stock tor late planters. ROSES BRIDES, MERMETS, BON SILENE, NIPHETOS, CUSINS, WATTEVILLES AND JACQUEMINOTS. 25,000 fine plants in 3-incli pots, at a bargain. WJI quote you prices on application. IF WANTED SPEAK QUICK. ROSES r^. f='ie;i=r^cz>i^,^ •CROMWELL, CONN. SPECIAL . BARGAINS FOR THE TRADE. ^^^„^ 1000 Hydranpea Otaksa. extra tine, bushy plants, from 4-lnch pots, with 4 to H strong shoots. splendid stock for sprinp trade $10. 00 Second quality (nearly as good) 8.00 tiOO Bride Roses, fine plants, from 3-lnch pots.. . . (i.OO 1000 Perles, extra large, bushy plants, from S-inch pots, ready for four b 8.00 lOOD 3Ime. Pierre Gulllot, from 3-lnch pots, first- class 5.00 3000 Meteors, from 2-lnch pots, strong plants 4.00 500 Queens, from 2-lnch pots. This is one of our best paying roses either for puts orforcing. . 4,00 All the above Is strictly first-class stock, and sure to give perfect satisfaction. C. YOUNG & SONS' CO., 1406 Olive St., ST. LOUIS, UO. LAST CALL. FINE STOCK. Per IIKI Per lOOa S^O 00 2.') 00 40 no 25 00 25 00 2,500 PERLE 3-inch, S5 00 1.500 PERLE 25^-in. 3 00 .500 BRIDE 3-iiich, 5 00 1,000 BRIDE 2W-in. 3 00 1,200 MERMET 2!^-in. 3 00 130 WABAN 2"i-in. 3 00 200 HOSTE 2-incli, 3 00 l^OWHf I CANFIELD, .... SPRINGFIELD, ILL. -■— m^-^ ^» jT^ ^j> Clean, healthy stock. Cash mXJ%^ ^^ KV ^W • with order h per cent discount. 2*0 Perles 2-tn.2ct8. SUO Perles. ..2i^-ln. o cents 2U() Woottons 3-ln.. 4 " 150 Woottons ....2!^-ln.8 " 50 Woottiins 4-inch, t; " 75 White I-.a France 3- inch, 4 ■" 250 Mme. Vasset 2-lnch. 2 " 250 Meteors 3-inch. 4 ■' 100 Meteors 2>^-!n. 3 '• TOO K. A. Victoria 2-ln. 10 " ISOti Testouts 2-in. ^.* per KX); $75 per 1000 Maple Hill Rose Farm, KOKOMO. iND. FIELD-GROWN CARNATIONS. Strong, healtliy plants: Mrs. Fisher. Garfield. Portia, Hin/.e's White. Wiilte Dove. L. L. Lambom, Buttercup, Lizzie McGowan. and newer sorts. VlOLKrs— Marie Louise and Swanley White. ROSKs— Best furclnt: yi.trts. from 2^^^ and 3-in. pots. SMILAX— Stmrm plants, from 2-in. pots. Helnls Montlily I'ehiruoniums. Low cash prices on alKJve stock on application. 1 will take in exchange Double White l^rimroses. Ferns, Rex Begonias. Dra- cienas. and young Palms. JOSEPH HEINL, JacksonvUle, 111. 10,000 Gen. Jacqueminots. Pot Grown ou their own Roots. From 5-in. Pots, 16 in. to IS in. high, SS.OO per 100 From 4-in. Pots, 12 in. to 15 in. high, $6.00 per 100 ENGLISH IVIES, Pot Grown, one year old, 3 to 5 feet high, S5.00 per 100. Cash with orders. When ordering give direc- tions how to ship. JOHN RECK, Bridgeport. Connecticut. lULES DE COCK'S NURSERIES GHKNT. BELGIUM. OFFER TO THE TRADE OF GOOD PL.'VXTS. 10,000 Araucaria Excelsa; 100.000 Begonia Bulbs. 30,000 Azalea Indica; 20,000 Azalea Mollis. 100,000 Palms, different sorts, all sizes. 10,000 Laurel Bays, Standardsaud P\'ramids, Please mention the American Flo- rist every time you write any of the advertisers on this page. 10,000 FIRST QUflLITY FORGING ROSES Fully equal to those sold last year, and perfectly healthy in every respect. LA FRANCE, 3-lnch pots, S9.00 per hundred; 4-Inch pots, $12.00 per hundred. MERMET, BON SILENE, MME. HOSTE, PERLE DES JARDINS, SAFRANO, MME. CUSIN, 3-lnch pots. $r.00 per 100; 4-lnch pots, $10.00 per lOO. SIWEir./.A.:2C Strong plants, 2J^-inch pots, J2.50 per hundred; $20.00 per thousand. FORCING ROSES. ... 3 AND 4-INCH POTS. AMERICAN BEAUTY, bride, mermet, bridessiaid, meteor, PERLE, SUNSET, GONTIER.' LA FRANCE Forcing Roses. OBO. FINE STOCK, IN 3-lNCH POTS. Perle, Mermet, Bride, Meteor, Bennett. Albany and La France. Price, $5.00 per hundred, r. IWUKvI^BXC. Hinsdale. 111. Fine healthy stock. Per 100 P. 1000 Perles. Mermets, Tlie Bride. Sunset, Papa Gentler. Niphetos. Bon SUene. La France, Souv. d'un Ami. Duchess of Albany. Mad. Cusin. Mad. de Wattevllle. from 3-in. pots. 58 00 J75.UG SMILAX, from 214-lDch pots 2.50 20.00 Lots of other Fine Stock. Send for new list. WOOD BROTHERS, Mention American Florist. I The Grand Hew Forcing Hose, J \ ^1 4 Prices and full particulars on application. • \ John Burton, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia | Camiiis, fiiMs, PaEslss, 40,000 CARNATIONS. Extra strong, healthy, field-grown plants. No rust. ' Per 100 6,000 Grace Wilder $600 3,000 Portia 500 Fred Creighton 600 Mayflower 5.0OO Orange Blossom ■1,000 TidalWave 15,000 Hinze s White ■100 Auna Wtbb. ... I 3(K1 Silver Sprav 3(X) Garfield, " I 300 White Wings ... J Other varieties in small quautities. 2,000 ^larie Louise Violets, fine health^' stock field-grown The Jenniugs Strain of large-flowering and fancy Pausies. 6oc. per 100 by mail; $5 per 1000 by ex- press; .5IXK) $20. White and Yellow, separate col- ors, same price. PAM^Y ^CPn Finest mixed— pure white, iMIiwI vCCUi yellow dark eye, each per trade pkt. ."jOc, and $1. Mixed per oz. $6. White or yellow $5 per oz. (irpFu's Farm* is my nearest station on the lino of Xew Ytirk. New Haven .t Hartford R. R.. .tO miles lr'. What amount? C. In what companies? D. What rate do you pay? E. Is your stock insured or only the houses? P. Describe your houses, whether old or new, and style of heating. G. What is the total value of your greenhouses and of your stock in them? We trust that you will answer these questions immediately. If you do we shall try to secure for all good and cheap security against loss. Respectfully, E. H. MlCHF.L, ] J. G. EsLF.R, Committee. E. A. Seidrwitz. J. B. DEAMUD & CO. Wholesale Florists, ^^^^ct^o™'' We have over 100,000 feet of glass devoted exclusively to Roses. We have ten houses 21x170, containing nearly 20,000 plants of American Beauty. The balance planted to Albany, La France, Meteor, Bridesmaid, Bride, Perle, Mermet, Hoste, Victoria and Wootton. All shipments made from stock CUT FROM CUR OWN HOUSES, which assures our cus- tomers Strictly Fresh. Flowers. We ask for a trial order and we will do our best to make you our friends. FIRST-CLASS GOODS, STRICTLY FRESH, and at REASONABLE PRICES GUARANTEED. THEY SAY 'TspjRSGUs plumosus nanus at 50 cents a string, 8 to 12 feet in length, is the cheapest and best material for deco- rating, as it will stand longer and look better than any other green in this hot weather. ORDER IN LARGE OK SMALL QUANTITIES, FROM W. H. ELLIOTT, Brighton, Mass. Dissolution of Partnersiiip. August 31, 1893. Notice is hereby giveu that the co-partnership heretofore existing between Frank D. Hunter and James Purdj', doing business at 51 W. 30th street, New York City, under the style of Hunter & Purdy, is this day dissolved by mutual consent. Said business will hereafter be carried on by the undersigned who assumes all the liabilities of said firm, and to whom all claims belonging to said firm should be paid. FRANK D. HUNTER. Propagating the Clematis. Replying to the query on the above subject I find that the surest way to in- crease a stock of clematis is by grafting. The stock I prefer is Clematis viticella (the small blue flowered one), as it does not sucker. Take thrilty, well grown plants in November, select your wood beforehand and use only well developed buds, by the system called "bud grafting," which is very much tlie same as budding only the bark can not be raised as in budding. In cutting the buds take as little of the wood as possible, for the bark is the active principle. Tie securely and bury in a box of moderately damp sand or sawdust and place in a greenhouse or moderatel3' warm place and examine from time to time. When united and be- ginning to push out pot them up and bring into light; it will be well to keep a little damp moss over the grafts till leaves begin to open, when they may be exposed to full light and will grow off rapidly, often making strong blooming plants by spring. Water must be used very sparingly till the plants are well established. F. A. Baller. Bloomington, 111. Please write on your printed letter head when addressing our advertisers. If you have no printed letter head, then enclose j'our business card or bill head. Do YOU WANT a list of the leading cem- etery superintendents? You will find such a list in our new trade directory and reference book. The American Florist and Gardening together to one address for $1.75. Send orders to the American Florist Co. WHOLESALE FLORISTS K. E. CORNER 13th & Chestnut Sts., PHILADELPHIA. SAMUEL S. PENNOCK, Wholesale Florist REMOVED TO REAR OF 42 S. I6th ST.. THE SIMILAX KING! ]lSf]lO? KOFFMAN, Where ? What? WALDEN, Orange Co., N. Y. SMILAX 2.5c. a string; SOc. a string by the bun- dred ; 18c. a string by the thousand. When ? ALL THE TEAR AROUXD. And he pays the Expi-ess. HARDY CUT FERNS LAUREL FESTOONING, ETC. The only place in the world where you can Always get them, H. BJ. Hartforca, 18 Chapman Plate, BOSTON, MASS. CflTflLOGUE PRINTING, ELECTROTYFING. Done with expert ability for Florists Nurserymen, Seedsmen. Write to J. Horace McFarland Co., HA-KSI.«]aCKO, PA, jSgs- The American Florist. Ill E. H. HUNT, Wholesale Plorist 79 Lake Street, CHICAGO. Western Acent for tlie GREAT ANTIPEST. KennlGow; Bros. 60. WHOLESALE GUT FLOWERS, 34 & 36 RANDOLPH STREET, c;j^na.A.<3rO, xxjXj. -(AmtB -WOTtK: -A- SI»EOI-A.XjT"Z". A. L. RANDALL. Wholesale Florist and Dealer in FLORISTS' SUPPLIES, 126 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. store Closes Nights 9 P. M.; Suiuliiy 3 P. M. NILES CENTER FLORAL CO. Incorporated. WHOLESALE GROWERS OE GUT FLOWERS Ot ALL KINDS and Dealers in FLORISTS' SUPPLIES. CHAS. AV. McKELLAK, Mgr. In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange, 45 Lake St., CHICAGO. or. J. ooi«Bi«K^5r, Wholesale and Commission I 45 Lake St., CHICAGO, ILL. In Chicago Cut Flower Kxchange. . . . A. G. PRINCE & CO., Wholesale and Commission FLORISTS, 45 LAKB STREET, In Chicago Cut Flower Exchange. CHICAGO. DAN'L B. LONG, COMMISSION • FLORIST, 495 Washington St., BUFFALO, N. Y. FORCING BUL,B8, FtORISTS' SUPPLIES, LONG'S FLORISTS' PHOTOGRAPHS. LlstB, Terms, &c. on application. H. L. SUNDER6RUCH, Wholesale Florist 4th and Walnut streets, W. ELLISON. WHOLESALE Gut Flowers I Florists' Supplies 7402 PINE STEET, ■)► SSt. Ivoviis, IMo. ©yfioPeiSafe Marfteti). Cut Flowers. NEW TORK. Sept. 2 Roses, Gontler .. Meteor l.ai® D. Beauty i.OOgjlS, general assortment l.OOrij 3 Carnations Glaillolus 1-CO® 1. Valley \ Auratumlilles -1. Asters, per bunch „•??'*. ^ Smllax.. 10.00(5,12 Adtantums „ \ BOSTON, Sept. 2 Roses common 1.00® 3 tancy - 2.00® 0 Carnations 75® 1 Asters Gladioli.... l-OO® 1 Lily of the valley f Tuberoses „„^ 1- Japan lilies 100® 2 Allamandas Sweet peas Smllax 12 Adiantum 1 Asparaj^s plumoaus ^ 50 PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 2, Roses .. ,?-S!)®J-' •■ Beauties 15.00020. " Meteors *»■ Carnations =0® , Asters 2?® . Sweet peas 2o@ _, Gladiolus 5 Valley *■ Pond lilies White hollyhocks 'ii® I Balsams 25® Adiantum i5@ 1 Smlla.x 1= Asparagus ^ -^ CHICAGO, Sept. .1 Roses, Perles, Gulltot, Niphetos 2.00® 3, Albany, Bride 3.00® 4 Meteor „ 0 Beauties 8.00®lo Carnations 50® 1 Sweet Peas Auratum •' Gladiolus, longlflorum 4.00® b Asters 25® Hollyhocks, white Valley 1.00® 3. Smllax K.wrno Asparagus >^ You will beneflt the American Flo- rist by mentioning it every time you write an advertiser in tbisi c;olumns. Peek & Sutherland. Successors to WM. J. STEWART Gut Flowersi Florists' Supplies -^ WHOLESALE, ^s- 67 Bromfield Street, BOSTON, MSSS, WHOLESALE FLORISTS, JOBBERS IN . . . . . FLORISTS' _, ,_- ^ SUPPLIES, GONTIERS, ^'^^ -^J^ ^*5ES. CARNATIONS, ALWAYS ON HAND. 1 Music Hall Place, BOSTON, MASS. HORTICOLTORAL AUCnONEERS, WELCH BROS., Wholesale Florists, NO. 2 BEACON STREET. Near Tremont St.. BOSTON, MASS. tSezid for et Copy OIF" OXJU. TRADE DIREGTORY AND REFERENCE BOOK. I>E.ICE ffiS.OO. AMERICAN FLORIST CO , P. O. IJniwer 104. CHIC.VGO, III,. CUT «siviirvA.x:, 15 CIS. per .tiring till November 1st. l.iuallty tirst-olnss Special attention to orders by wire. J. E. BONSALL & SON. 308 Garfield Ave.. Salem. 0 BURNS & RAYNOR. 49 Wast 28th Street, WHOLESALE SEALERS IN AND SHIPPERS OP WALTER ¥. SHERIDAN, WHOLESALE 32 West 30th Street. NEW YORK. Roses Shipp'ia to al! Points, Price list on applicatioh, JOHN YOUNG, Commission Dealer in CUT FLOWERS. WHOLESALE. 46 WEST 30th ST., NEW YORK. FRANK D. HUNTER, WHOLESALE DEALER IN Cut ^Flowers. 51 W. 30th St., NEW YORK. JAMES HART, WHOLESALE FLORIST, 117 W- 30th St., new YORK. the Oldest Established Commission House in N. Y. LARGE SHIPPING TRADE. CAREFUL PACKINB. THEO. ROEHRS, WHOLESALE FIvO R I SX, 111 West 30th street, NEW YORK CITY. Established 1879 MILLANG BROS., Wholesale Florists, 17 VJEST sarn street. BRANCH: Cut Flower Exchange. 408 E. 34th Street. MICHAEL A. HART. Wholesale! Commission Florist 113 WEST 30TH STREET. THK FINEST KOSKS AND CARNATIONS. Branch, at Cut Flower Exchange, 408 E. 34th St. EDWARD C. HORAN, 34 W. 29th Street, NEW YORK. Wholesale Florist Careful Shipping to all parts of the country. Price list on application. (Successor to ELLISON & KUEHN), ^^^ WHOLES A LE^gj» 1122 niTE STE.EET, «St. l^ox;«.ls, JVXo. A oomplete line or Wire Designs. 112 The American Florist. Sept. 7, Ufie ^eesl Urac^e. AM. SEED TRADE ASSOCIATION. W. ATLEE BURPEE, Philadelphia, president; A. L. DON. secretary and treasurer, 116 Chambers street. New Tork, Next annual meeting second Tuesday in June, (win probably be held In Toronto.) Visited Chicago: W. W. Rawson, L. L. May. R. Maitre. W. P. Durbr-n. Drouth has injured the bean crop ma- terially in nearly every section where they are grown. Henri L. de Vilmorin will return to Chicago from a trip to the Pacific coast about September 25. Drouth about Chicago continues; hardly a drop of rain has fallen in eight weeks; few outdoor blossoms of dahlias can be found. At Philadelphia onion sets are said to be from one-third to one-half a crop; at Chillicothe, Ohio, 35,000 bushels, a usual crop; at Louisville one-half crop. The returns from the fall bulb cata- logues now being mailed will! be anx- iously awaited as indicating what effect, if any, the money panic is likely to have on the mail trade, especially the business for the coming spring. Rccoi) riofg)^. Amherst, Mass.— M. B. Kingman is making extensive additions to his green- houses. Westerly, R. I,-S. J. Renter has added two houses 100x16 to his establishmenc this season. Portland, Me,— E. J, Hannon & Co. have begun the erection of two more greenhouses. Spri.vgfield, AUss.— The Hampden County Horticultural Society will hold an exhibition on September 9. „,?,;^'^'^^'''^' III.— The nursery business of Williams & Sons has been incorporated with a capital stock of $7,000. Framingham, Mass.— Wm. Nicholson is adding a new house 150x20, to be devoted to carnations. It will be heated by hot water under pressure. Marblehead, Mass.- On August 31st, a very prettv flower show was held at Abbot Hall, under the patronage of Hon. J. J. H. Gregory and Mr. Franklin Rev- nolds. Queens, N. Y.— C. W, Ward, of the Cottage Gardens, is building a range of short-span-to-the-south houses for carna- tions and will keep a careful record of results obtained from them in compari- son with those from houses of usual con- struction. Rome, N. Y.— A terrific hail storm played havoc with glass in this citv the afternoon of Sundav, Aug. 27. "C. B. Humphrey lost over 2,000 lights of glass on his greenhouses and manv of his plants were sadlv injured. Morris L. Jones lost 900 lights, but his plants were not so seriously damaged. T. L. Hurst's greenhouse was also injured. GHoice Lily of the Valley Pips. Ernst Reimschneider, Altona, Hamburg. Full lnir>ortiillriii. f'ntalofufs Irt'c on aiiplic 1 * J eat: i-ntM. C. C. ABEL & CO,, P, 0, Box 920. New York, DUTCH BULBS. We are shipping small lots of these now to cus- tomeTs who are in need of them for early retail sales, Fairs, etc. LILIUM CANDIDUM, large, plump, solid bulbs, per 100 $2.75; per 1000 JS23.00. FREESIAS, clean, large, healthy bulbs, first size J4.50; select $7.50 per 1000. ROMANS, PAPER WHITE NARCISSUS, and a FULL LINE of all Fall Stock. ROSE C. SOUPERT, 2>^-inch, fine stuff, per 100 $3.50; 3>^-inch, per 100 $8 00. LATANIAS, 4-inch stuff, grown cold, well rooted, 3 to 5 character leaves, ready for 5-inch pots, per dozen, |4 00; per 100, $30.00. PHIENIX RECLINATA, 5-inch, good value at doz. J5.00. P^AN^V VAUGHAN'S INTERNATIONAL MIXTURE, I i m 1 H v3 I 9 Now Keady, is a World Beater. NEW CROP SEED, per ]i oz, $1.50; oz, JiO.OO. Also separate colors in great assortment. Vaughan's Seed Store, 148 W. Washington St., CHICAGO. 26 Barclay St., NEW YORK. NIAMNIOXH BULBS .... LILIUM HARRISII FOR EXHIBITION purposes and for growing SPECIMEN PLANTS. Very choice and scarce. Price, $25.00 per 100. Also a fine lot of 5 to 7, and 9 to 11 Price, 5 to 7, $3.00 per 100; $25.00 per 1000. Price, 9 to 11, $12.00 per 100, F. R. PIERSON COMPANY, 'r^*'ryto-wKi.=ori.-=H[t;lclsoi:x, 3V. TIT. An extra large stock of fine, strong plants. Write for special prices. ANDORRA NURSERIES, Chestnut Hill, Philadelplila, Pa. 0 0 —J It Choice Sweet Peas. Being the largest growers of the above in the world the trade are invited to send a list of their requiie- nients and secure low prices for Fall delivery, SHERWOOD HALL NURSERY CO. Menio Park and San Francisco. Cal, SMI LAX. First-class, from 2|^-inch pots, $2.50 per 100; $20,00 per 1000, Sample free. CYCLAMEN persicum giganteum, 3-in, pots. $6 a 100 Addrei. J. o. iBt^rr-o-w-, FISHKILL, N. Y. Cyclamen Seeds. KOCHS SUPERB PRIZE CYCLAMEN, THE FINEST STRAIN IN THE WORLD. Bright d.-irk red irOO seeds H. 50 Rose of M.irientlml IIKO seeds 4.6U White with ourmine eye lUlilJ seeds o.T.S Mont Blanc, extra WOO seeds 6.25 Cash witli order, LUDWIG KCCH, Wandsbek, Hamburg, Germany. T«v DREER'S Garden Seeds, Plants. Bulbs & Requisites. They are the best at the lowest prices. Trade List is- sued quarterly, mailed free to the trade only. HKNKY A. DR£ER. Philadelphia, Pa. Mention American PlorlBt. TRADE HARKS. COPYRIGHTS. SOLICITOR OF U. S. AND FOREIGN PATENTS, Atlantic Building:, Washington, D. C. ("Send sketch or model for free examination as to patentability.) Lilium Auratum, Spec. Rubrum, Spec. Album, Lougiflorum, etc. Order now. Callas. Callas, at lowest rates: Fresh Cut Cycas leaves. Drices and sizes to suit all. Fresh im- ported Cycas, lowest prices. Camellias, Paeonias, Japan Maples, and for general Japanese stock seeds. Remember we guarantee sound delivery, still goods travel at owner's risk. Apply to iF- <3rOIVZl.A.X.-RZl c&i OO , Nursery and Greenh-'uses. 303 to 312 Wayne Street, SAN FUAXCiSCO, CAL. iSgs- The American Florist. 113 S^ UP TO DATE * AO^iniTIOMO We guarantee good, sound Bulbs of first quality ll||yill||IIMV or no sale, and it not such, they can be returned at our UUIlUI I I wIlUl expense, if within five days after receipt by you. Alin TrniMO *" allow 4 months Credit, or 5 per cent, dis- III IK I KKIUIX count for cash in 10 days from date of bill. UUII ILIllfiUl Bills under $25.00 are net. AU|"| rtPtt We furnish free to our customers buying bulbs of us to sell HI* I MI'K again, a nice retail catalogue with their name and address IILIbI LIIi alone on it. Priced to give a good margin of prollt and yet attract to them local orders. WAII llfllilT o"** Wholesale Price List before buying if you Till I WflN I ^»^^ not already had It, write for It. Prompt I UU If fill I answers to all letters. WE ARE READY TO DELIVER I»UTCH: H'X'A.CINTHS. Per 100 Per 1000 Single or Double, Red, White and Blue, colors and shades separate. Your selection $2.75 $25.00 SECOND SIZED NAMED VARIETIES (a bargain for florists). Equal quantities Red, White and Blue, our selection 4.00 35.00 Finest sorts for forcing and only those producing large spikes. Names and colors marked. — s^ T^xjr^ifjs. ^ — SINGLE OR DOUBLE, fine Mixed Early sorts 1.00 7..50 Extra Selected sorts for forcing 1.50 12.00 Fine Mixed LATE sorts 1.50 12 00 SINGLE NAMED VARIETIES, best Scarlets mixed 1.7.5 11.00 best YeUow mixed 2.2.5 20.00 " best Whites mixed 1.75 14.00 best Pink mixed 2.a5 20.00 " ■ " " best Striped mixed 1.75 14.00 These mixtures of Named Tulips will be all true to colors specified, and embrace in each color souie of the very finest sorts of that color. We are prepared to quote bottom prices on all leading varieties of Florists Tulips by the 100, 1000 or 10,000 of a kind, such as Yellow Prince, La Reine, Belle Alliance, Chrysolora, Eeiserskroon, Fottebaker, etc. iviviioissxj®, or r>A.i^r^or>irv for Catalogue of JAPAN BULBS. SEEDS and SHRUBS, ARAUCARIAS, TREE FERNS, AUSTRA- LIAN PALM SEEDS, CALI- FORIA BULBS and SEEDS to H. H. BERGER A. CO., Established 1S7S. SAN FR.VNCI.SCO, CAI,. Bulbs ^Plants. FOR CATALOGl'KS. .VDDKKSS C. H. JOOSTEN, IMPORTEH, 3 COENTtES SLIP, NEW YORK NOW READY. KOMANS, HARRISII, NARCISSUS, P. W GRANDIFLORA, CANDIDUMS. WISCONSIN FLOWER EXCHANGE, 468 Milwaukee .St.. .Hilwaukee. Wis. G. J. MOPPATT, Manufacturer of PAPER BAGS AND ENVELOPES Special atteutidii g^iveii to Seed Bags and Catalogue Envelopes. WFCc HAVKig. coronr We Sell Mustiroom Spawn. LILIUM HARRISII AND DUTCH BULBS. Special Low Prices to P"lorists and Dealers. WEEBER & DON, Seed Merchants and Growers, 114 Chambers St.. New York. 114 The American Florist, Sept. 7 Toronto. Cattleya Dowiana was flowering in fine form among Sir D. L. Macpherson's col- lection the other day. It is really a most beautiful thing. Why is it not oftener seen? The lily pond in the Central Prison is a lovely sight just now, in fact the whole of the grounds are almost perfec- tion and are worth going miles to see. In the greenhouses Mr. Houston has a nice piece of Allamanda Williamsi in bloom now, a very pretty thing and sweet scented. It is reported that Mr. H.J. Cole, late foreman to Mr. J. H. Dunlop, is about t" open a florist's store in the Rossin House block. The location ought to be as good as any in the city and it will be surprising if Mr. Cole does not make a hit. The Toronto Industrial Exhibition — Canada's great fair — opens next week. The manager has made a raid on the Midway Plaisance and we are to have a congress of nations here on a small scale. The horticultural show promises to be good. This exhibition attracts many visitors from the neighboring states and is quite a big affair. E. Worcester, Mass. The phloxes in Elm Park have made a great show during the past few weeks. The late gale, however, has damaged them greatly, besides uprooting and breaking a number of fine shade trees. Superintendent Lincoln is an enthusiast on phloxes and as soon as the recent Newton Hill addition to the city parks is put in shape we may expect to see it loom Tip glorious as an autumn sunset with acres and acres of brilliant phloxes. Worcester is fortunate in the possession of a splendid horticultural hall and a horticultural library numbering over 3,000 volumes. A. A. Hixon has charge of the hall. Mr. Hixon is an authoritv on petunias. The society is about fifty years old, and its ex-presidents comprise many men eminent in horticulture. H. F. A. Lange, after the fashion of all growers, is "adding another house." It is 100x18 and makes now full 60,000 feet of glass in this establishment. Lange drives a span now, and many a good time his friends enjoy behind that span. They are just right for a midsummer evening's drive to beautiful Lake Ouin- sigamond, Worcester's famous C^ney Island. When sending us newspapers contain- ing items you wish us to note please do not fail to distinctly mark the item so it can be easily (ound, as we can not spare the time to hunt through the mass of papers sent us for unmarked items. E.G. HILL & CO.. wiioiesaie Florists RICHMOND. INDIANA. CHEAP tOR WINTER. . . . Fine Moss for Funeral Wotk and Orchids. 6oc. and 75c. per pound. El^ST STROUDSBURG, PA. Mention the American Florist when writing to advertisers on this page. THE BEST ARE THE CHEAPEST. My customers say that mine are the best they can buy in all that goes to make good Pansies, size, color, form and substance. Try them, and you will say so yourself. They are better this season than ever, ?nd if you don't want more, get a hundred for com- parison with others you grow. The Plants are good as well as the strain, and for the asking I will mail you an hon- est sample. Price free by mail 75 els. per 100, or $3.00 per 500; by express $5.00 per 1000. 50,000 ready to ship every week from now until Dec. 1st. L.B.496. ALBERT M. HERR, LANCASTER, Pa. New, Rare and Beautiful Plants, ETC., ETC. A large collection of Hothouse and Greenhouse Plants, carefuUj' grown, at low rates. RARE AND ISEAUTIFUL EVERGREENS, ORNAMEXTAI. TREES, SHRUBS, &c. ORCHIDS— a very extensive stock; East Indian, Mexican, Central and South American, etc. Hardy Perennials, Paeouies, Phloxes. Japanese Iris, Roses, Clematis, etc. New and Standard Fruits, etc. -S^Catalogues on application. JOHN SAUI., Washington, D. C. HEADQUARTERS for WATER LILIES SEEDS, TUBERS AND PLANTS, ready for shipment at all seasons and to all parts of the world. Don't fail to inspect our Columbian Ex- hibit at the World's Fair. Illustrated Catalogue on application. WM. TRICKER. °°Ki:;,\'^'pV^= SMILAX.. EXTRA STRONG PLANTS, $1 75 per 100; $16 GO per 1000. HEITE FLORAL CO., 712 Linwood Ave., KANSAS CITY, MO. SMI LAX. 1000 strings for sale at $12 50 per hundred. OEJO. C5t,A.P2IC, Florist, 29 West 12th Aye., DENVER. COLO. THE NEW VIOLET, LADY H. GflMFBELL Strong plants, from field, SIo.OO per hundred; 5^2.00 per dozen. Stock has never been diseased. H. HEUBNER, Grolon, Mass. R0S6S and siniiax 2^/^ and 3-iiich pots, strong plants. WRITE FOR PRICES. I5:en::kt»le Floral Co., OSKAI,OOSA, IOWA. E.srAlil.lsiu;]} IN l>Mll. S, E. G. BENARD, °r"R^/.*c". ROSFS and YOUNG PLANTS a specialty. Large stock of fine transplanted Ampelopsis Veitchii. at reduced prices according to quantity. Catalogue sent free to applicants. Agents for the United States. C. RAOUX, 296 Pearl St., New York. N Y. E. BENARD, P. 0. Box 620. San Diego. Cal. $20 00 buys 250 well grown Chrj-santhemums from 5-inch pots. Carnations from open ground 0 to 8 cts. Cyclamens, large bulbs S to 10 cts. siniiax, strong ij-iuch pots 4 cts. Niphctos Rosts, 3^-iuch pots 5 cts. Violets, field-grown fi cts. MELSVILLE, OHIO. SUPERB PANSIES. My "Rainbow Mixture" is a combination of the very best strains in existence, and is sure to ffive satisfaction. Young plants Ho cents per 100 bv mall: *5 OU per 1000 by express. Cash with order or 0. O. D. GEORGE CREIGHTON, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. SPECIAL SETTE.MBEK OFFKK. BJiKitr^ I^^nsy- Seed* .\ f-'rand collection of giant Howering varieties, cure- Itilly selected: receive iiigh praise from florists: no liner strain offered anvwiiere. A liberal offer. Trade ] ila., aniseeds. 25 cts. ; 3 plo YOU jk:j;«ow' • . THAT YOU CAN GET 20 GANE STAKES FOR I GENT A foot in length by simply using a sharp saw on a bundle of our best. BRACHENRIDGE & CO., 304 W. Madison St., BALTIMORE, MD. SMILAX AND ASPARAGUS TBAINED ON GBEEN Are in the best possible condition for the market. For particulars address JOHH C. MEYER & CO , 289 DEVONSHIRE ST., BOSTON, MASS. SEHD FOR A COPY ■c*v- otiBe- TRADE DIRECTORY AMERICAN FLORIST CO.. CHICAGO WHITE DOVES FOR FLORISTS, Largest and finest stock In the United States. Write for prices to 850 Montgomery St.. Jersey City, N, J. FOR SALE BY Messrs. F. E. McAllister. A. Her- rmann. N. Steflens and Reed & Keller. New York; W. C. Krick. Brooklyn, N.Y. : H. Bayersdorfer &Co.. Ernst Kaufmann and Marschuetz \ Co.. Philadelphia. Pa.; C. Ribsam \' Sons. Trenton. N. J.: ,1. M. McCulIough's Sons and B. P. Crltchell & Co.. Cincinnati. 0.; J. C. A'aughan. Chicago. IJi.; Wisconsin Flower Exchange and Currle Bros.. Milwaukee. Wis.; C. A. Kuehn, S. Mount & Co.. C. Young A: Sons Co., Wm. Ellison and Jordan Floral Co.. St. Ixmls. Mo.; Ed. S. Schmld. Washington. D. C: G. W. Carrey & Co. and Eckhardt &Co.. Nashville. Tenn.; T. W. Wood A Sons, Rich- mend. Va.: U. J. Virgin. New Orleans. La.: D. B. Long. BufTalo. N. Y.; F. C. Huntington & Co.. Indian- apolis. Ind.; J. A. Simmers. Toronto. Ont. MflRSGHUETZ & GO., Florists' SUDDli6S, 23 & 25 N. 4lh St., PHILADELPHIA. PA. Send for Catalogue _^^^^a^ Ernst Kaufmann & Go., Florists' SupDiies. 113 NORTH 4th Street. < PHILADELPHIA, PA. Kills Mildew and Fungus Growth. What does? GRAPE DUST. Sold by Seedsmen. Send orciers for . . . CLEAR CYPRESS Greenhouse Material from bottom of gutter up. Correspondence solicited. Estimates cheerfully furnished. LYMAN FELHEIM. EiRIE. PA. CDLJF=? Sash Lifter^^Hinges will do the work and cost you less than any other. Send your name and address and we will mall you description and price. BAY STATE HARDWARE CO- 273 Freeport Street, BOSTON, MASS. TOBACGO STEMS AND OUST. STE.IIS-In 100 lb. hales. $1 .00. In 'M lb. bales. H.GO. B.v the tiju, HUM. TOBACCO DUST-A most valuable Insecticide for Violets. Knses. Chrysanthemums, etc: also for fumlKatlng;; In lUO lb. lots, f.'.OO. f. o. b. p. O. Box lOiii] KINGSTON, N. Y. 116 The American Florist. Sept. 7, Boston. Cut flower trade has been very dull during the week, with a slight improve- ment apparent during the last day or two. Gladioluses have gone down, away down, and asters, on the other hand, have advanced. Most outdoor stuff" suffered considerably in the recent heavy winds and rain. Roses are poor in qual- ity, and the only really choice flower in the market at this moment is lily of the valley, but it sells very slowly. AUa- mandas, gloxinias and tuberous begonia blooms are available for showy work. The Growers' Market has been moved from 65 Bromfaeld street to 1 Park street, which is a much more roomy and con- venient quarters. This place was for many years occupied by J. P. Clark as a florist store. Clark has now gone to Dartmouth street. The market is situ- ated under a church, an indication that the Boston growers aim to take a high moral stand, a supposition which is still further strengthened by the rule which refuses admission to the wicked commis- sion men, and by the sign displayed upon the walls, viz., "No smoking." This world is getting better and better every dav. David Allan has bought the estate of John B. Bailey at Cliftondale, and pro- poses to go into the raising of rare ex- otics, hardy shrubs and herbaceous plants. There is considerable glass on the place, and Davie's friends think that he has made a good move. Chas. Ingram has leased the Proctor place at Reading. Jas. Buchanan, of Edinburgh, Scotland, the orchid fancier, is visiting Boston. He will go to the Chicago exhibition. A. G. Dibble, of Sly, Dibble & Co., Lon- don, England, dealers in horticultural supplies, is also in town. Winfried Rolkerhas been canvassing the Hub this week. He finds that there is some life left in the trade here yet, and is well pleased with his success. UNIFORM VENTILATION Is 8(imethlng you cannot secure with all ventllatlDg appllancet*. It Is assured when you use The Champion ¥entilafing Apparatus SIMPLE. DURABLE, EFFICIENT. CHEAP. B^"ClrcuIar Is yours for the asking. Address AMKRICAN KOAI) MACHINK CO., . . . . Kennett Square, Pa. Mention American Florist. BVANS' IMPROVED CHALLENGE VENTILATING APPARATUS WrlUi for llhiBtrated C"tiil(>t,'ue. QUAKER CITY MACHINE WORKS. Richmond. Ind. ' FLORISTS' HOSE, » • MaiJe by K. W. Holt, ini'inbur uf tliu Su- ♦ ■ clcty of American Florists. f , Goodyear Rubber Store, . ♦ 2W.14THST. NEW YORK. J m LOGKLflND" Sash Bars ^ ^ ^ ARE ALWAYS SATISFACTORY. This cut represents our improved Clipper Bar for Butted Glass roof — putty to be used under glass only. GUTTER MSTERmL, RIBGES, SSiSH, ETC. The finest CLEAR CYPRESS used. Write for circulars and estimates. Mention American Florist. \mwm LUMBER 60. • ' • H/Ookla^nd, O. ii Standard" Flower Pots. As manufactured by us have carried off highest honors wherever shown and have stood the best test. They are used in all the leading floral establishments in the United States. For prices address The Whilldin Pottery Company, BRANCH WAREHOUSES: 713. 715. 7^7 & 7^9 WhartoH St., Philadelphia, Pa. Randolph Ave. and Union St.* Jersey City, X. J. Jackson Ave. and Pearson St., Long: Island City, L. I. STANDARD FLOWER POTS Every user of Flower Pots should correspond with us before purchasing elsewhere, our facilities are unequalled. A. H. HEWS & CO., N. Cambridge, Mass. Standard Flower Pots. We wish to notify the trade that this summer we have made great improvements in machinery and have also discovered a better clay, so that we are now manufacturing FLOWER POTS that can't be beat. We have the assurance of a host of our customers, that our make are the best in the market Bear in mind that freight rates are very low from this point, and we claim that our way of packing saves you freight charges. Send for circulars, or we will send you figures on any quantity you want. SIPFLE, DOPFFEL & CO., SYRACUSE, N. Y. STANDARD FLOWER POTS. OLD RELIABLE MAKE OF Write tor Catalogue and Price List. PITTSBURGH CLAY MFG. CO. New Brighton, Pa. Standard Flower Pots Our new Pottery, new Machinery, the very best Clay in the Country, and our new Patent Kilns, all combined, make ttie best Standard Pot in the market. Send (or price list. PARMENTER MF'G COMPANY, GEORGE MESSINGER, Manager. EJ^St JBroOlilfieKaL, A^I^MS. IMPRO¥ED GLAZIHG. Zinc Joints for buttlnn glnas without laps. No leakiiue. No Hlldlnp of ^'Iusb. Practicully nir tlKht. Keeps out cold winds, thereby 9avlnK fuel. No hips, saves enough t-'lnss to pay f(tr thy zhics. No breakage (jf KlasM on account of frost or Ice. Some of the hirji- CHt kToweiM In the country are uslnt' "(iHSser's I'ateiit Zinc Joints'* with entire satisfaction. Write for sample and price list. J. M. GASSER. FLORIST, 101 Kuclid Ave.. CLKVKLANl). O. VICTOR SPRAY PUMP. The most \7onderful pump ever invented. Re- quires uo foot-rest or support. Seud for prices, HENION & HUBBELL. 55 ti. Clinton St.. Chicago, III. STANDARD FLOWER POTS. 2 -Inch, 2Vri-lneh, 2,^-lncli, :i -inch. :%-lncli, 4 -Inoli. b -inch, II -incli. 3E*r-ioo Per 1000 1.1.25 S.5U 4.00 6.0U 7.25 •1.00 18.80 22.0U 7-inch, H-inch, IMncii, ID-inch, ll-lnch, 12-incli, U-inch, 10-inch, Per 100 ? 3.50 6.00 7.50 10.00 15.00 20.00 W.OO T5.IX) Terms cash, f. o. h. Address HILFINGER BROS, POTTERY, Fort Edward, H. Y. When writing our advertisers please use one of your printed business letter heads or enclose your business card. iSgS' The American Florist. 117 TO TAKE PLACE OF WIND MILLS HOT AIR PUMPING ENGINES A Windmill Is unreliable because it de- pends upon the elements for its power ; hydraulic rams also depend upon fav- orableconditionsand waste I as much water as they se- j cure. Steam pumps require I skill and hand pumps de- mand labor aud time. The i OELAMATER-RiDERCR DE LAMATER-ERICS80H Hot-Air Pumping Engines are especially designed for pumping water, and from shallow streams or any kind of well. They are simple, safe and reliable, require no steam and have no valves. They require very little heat to operate them, and can be arranged, for any kind of fuel. Send/or iUustretedcataloffue to The DEUMHTER IRONWORKS, 87 South Fifth Av., NEW YORK, N. Y. THE CHAMPION nutomatlG Ventilator. The cheapest, easiest to operate, and by far the best machine In the market. Don't buy a Venti- lator until you have seen my Illustrated deecrlptlve circular, which will be sent you free, idvlng prices, etc. Also Champion Soil Palverizer and Sifter. Address, Kox 114. fi7« Jw« SPRINGFIELD, CUTS! Wood Engraving, Zinc Etching, HaIf=Tone, Wax Engraving, Photo -Engraving, Designing. NIANZ & GO., ^*' CHICAGO™**' ENGRAVERS. J. N. Struck & Bro. Manufacturers of • CYPRESS • dreenloflse lalerial, LOUISVILLE, KY. Bmensions ot His Box : 26 Inches long by 18 Inches wide and 12 Inches hl^h. Two sections. With an order for 500 letters, we furnieh a box made of wood nicely staluea and varnished, such as is represented In the cnt. Marschnetz & Co., 35 N. 4th St., Phila., Pa. A, Rolker & Sons* New Yorlc. F. B. McAllister, 22 Dey St.. New York. A. D. Ferry & Co., 33 Warren St., Syracase, New^ York. Ernst Kaafmann& Co., 113 N. 4th St.. Fhila. H. Bayersdorfer & Co., Philadelphia, fa. A. C. Kendal, 115 Ontario St., Cleveland, O. J. A. Simmers, Toronto, Out. Ag^ent for Canatia. BOSTON FLORIST LETTER CO. MajUlactnre THE BEST LETTERS IN TEE MARKET. S\^es^'A■in and 2-in. 2.00 per 100. Patent fastener with each letter. IT. ODR MEW SCRIPT LETTER, $4.00 per 100. P. McCASTHT, I Addren 13 Green St.. Treas. & MangT. | Boston, Mass. Addrett all correspondence to 1 Music Hall Place. We have a new FASTENER which we consider a decided enccesa. Any customers hartng old style fasteners which they wish to exchange, can do so without additional cost by WTltlng us. E. H. Hunt, 79 I.ake St., Chicago, III. WlBcoDBin Flower Exchange, 131 Mason St., Milwaukee, Wis. H. Sanderbrach, 4th and Walnut Stg., Cin- cinnati, O T. W. Wood Si Song, 6th and Marshall Stg. Richmond, V», Jas. Vick's Song, Rochester, N. T. C. A. Kuehn. 1133 Pine St., St. Louis, Mo, D. B. Loner, Buflalo, New York. C. F. Huntington & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. These Letters are handled by all the Wholesalers In Boston. A party In WlUlamsport. Pa., named Chas. E. Montgomery, la making and offering for sale letters which are an infringement upon our patent, and are much inferior to those manufactured by us. We have notified them of suits unless they desist at once. Buy uo letters except through our authorized agents. BOSTON FLORIST LETTKR CO., 1 Music Hall Place, Boston, Mass. STANDARD VENTILATING MACHINERY, Highest awards where- ever exhibited. Opens Sash as high at one end as at the other. With new device. EVERYTHING UNIFORM. E. HIPPARD, YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. THE PERFECT DRAINAGE BMCHTILE For circulars, etc., address W, P. Wight, Upland Green Houses, Send 3'our business card. MADISON. N. J. When writing to any of the adver- tisers on this page please mention the American Florist. STANDARD HOSE MENDER. The only Mender using ordi nary galvanized wire No. 14, in stead of expensive bands. Any person can handle it with per- fect ease. Thousands in use and all testify to its Wonder- ful Merits. Sample Box, by Mail, 50 cts. E. HIPPARD, Youngstown, Ohio. 118 The American Florist. Sept. 7 Chicago. Business shows a tenden':y to improve- ment, though it is quiet yet. Roses are greatly improved, and also carnations, which continue scarce. The dearth of carnations is likely to be felt more, as asters are falling off in quantity; between dry weather and grasshoppers the supply is suffering a good deal. The continued drouth, which has now lasted for about nine weeks, is affecting the florists seri- ously, and many are now taking up their carnations, as the only means of saving them. Dahlias, cosmos and other autumn flowers will amount to very little, while the plague of grasshoppers is more like Kansas than Illinois. Asters and carna- tions are especially suffering from their ravages. A limited quantity of single violets has appeared, but they are very small. Smilax is scarce; there is very little aroundChicago and the main supply comes from eastern points. John B. Deamud & Co. have moved from the rear to the front of the Cut Flower Exchange, where they have a large and more convenient location. Paul Cadres has added a new rose house ISxlOO to his place at Riverside. Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Clark, Colorado Springs, Colo., are now visiting Chicago. Obituary. Friends of Wm. Thompson, Jr. of Clo- venfords, near Galashiels, Scotland (and they are many, even on this side of the Atlantic) will be sorry to hear of his demise. He was a man highly esteemed by all in the trade for his genial brotherlv qualities as well as for his wonderful skill in grape culture. To hear him talk of grapes and orchids was a rare treat, never to be forgotten by those who lis- tened to him. He leaves a wife and four children. ESTABLISHED 1854. Devine's Boiler Works. THE FLAT TOP TYPE Wrouffht Iron Hot Water Boilers Capacity from 350 to /o.ooo leei of lour-inch pipe. Shnd Foa New List. FRANK DAN BLISH, Att'y, Office, 189 State Street. WORKS. &6th & WALLACE STREETS. GREEN-HOUSE HEATING, MYERS & CO. 1518 & 1520 S. 9th St.. PHILADELPHIA. Send for catfilotfut' and price list. JOHN A. SCOLLAY. 74 & 76 MYRTLE AVE., GREENHOUSE HEATING Ventilating Apparatus. Patentee and lUanafacturer of HOT WATER BOILERS, GREENHOUSE PIPE, PIPE FITTINGS, VALVES, TANKS, ETC. ^r-Egtimates of cost given, and Illnstrated Cat- alogne fnmislied on application. "God helps those who help themselves." And he .houses THE .j^^^^ DEPARTURE" (MEAT SAW VENTILATING APPLIANCE helps himself and those who help him in his labors, and is there- fore doubly blessed. Send for price and description. J. D. CARMODY, Evansville, Ind. Or call and see the man and macUiue at his greenliouse otlice, located on the la^vn west front of Horticultural Building, World's Fair g^rounds, Chicago, 111. H. M. HOOKER COMPANY, 57 and 59 W. Randolph Street, CHICAGO, NATURAL GAS MADE GLASS FOR GREENHOUSES. Write for latest prloes.- rRENun GLflSS conservatories, R0°SE houses, Etc. Etc. Importers of PLATE and WINDO^V GLASS. Manufacturers of BENT GLASS and FKENCH MIKROKS. 131-133-135-137 FRANKLIN STREET. Note— Imported Glass is used in tlie best ^rade of Greenliouse building. pfsw 'S'oisis:. ^ GLASS which is absolutely perfect for moUern greenhouse construction. ROCK BOTTOM PRICES. Send [or Estimate, satisfaction GiiaranteBd REED GLASS CO. 65 WARSGN STBEET and 46, 48, & SO CO£I.EGE PLACE, NEW YORK CITY. THE GREAT ANTIPEST. For particulars, see next week. R. W. CARMAN, Gen-l Agt., 291 Amity Street, FLC8HING, Queens Co., N. T. KROESCHELL BROS. Greenhouse ^ Boiler, 41 lo BB Eria St.,< CHICAGO. Bollera made of ttae best of material, flbell, firebox flbeetB and beads of steel, water space all around front, Bides and back). Write for Information. i893' The American Florist. 119 CHAS. B WEATHERED, Ppes't. EDMUNp^EATHEREB, Vice PnesT and Treas. ' ! N^GtO-F^R O R AT E D ^^ ^ e 9 3 . SAMUEL BURNS. Sect /yirT-o/fFLTA^'' Hot Water E^Gi/sEEK^. TvypT/i/- VOR'K'" Chicago office: /96To2400n,n^Aye. Jersey Oiy.//.J. i\i^^^ 1 UKU. e^Q.^^o M^rxhattar. Bldg. Greenhouse Pipe and Fittings. HART & GROUSE, UTICA, N. Y. Large quantities of our Pipe are in use in Green- houses throughout the West, to any of which we refer as to its excellent quality. Pipe can be easily put together by any one, very little instruction being needed. GET THE BEST. Hot-Water Heating, in its Economy and Superi- ority, will repay in a few seasons its cost. Mention American Florist. L. WOLFF MFG. CO., 93 to 117 W. Lake Street, CHICAGO. %VKITE FOR ILLUSTRATED CIRCULAR. The r.iarked saperiority of the Gurney Heaters which is mani- fested in all severe trials, is now a matter of history. There is no question about their being the best. For reasons, see our book •' How Best to Heat Our Homes.^^ Hot Water /"^^^"^^f-- Heaters and Radiators) Gurney Hot Water Heater FOR HEATING Dwellings, Public Buildings, Etc. BY HOT WATER CIRCULATION. ITF M> OFFirR: 163 Franklin St., Boston, Mass. ISRANCII OrKliE: 59 U'nba^b Ave, Cblciigo. III. SELLING AGENCIES: Johnson & Co.. 71 John St., New York. I. C. F. Trnchscl. 240 Arch St. rhil-.l.-tr.iiiii. DOUBLE CROWN. ESTABLISHED 8 6 6. MANUFACTURED N. STEIFFENS 335 EAST 21^^ ST. NEW YORK. HAIL LOCK THE DOOR BEFORE THE HORSE IS STOLEN. DO IT NOW. JOHK G. ESLER, Seg'y F. H. A., Saddle River, H. '. Always mention the Amercan FLO- RIST when writine to advertisers. 16!) & lei Soutli Fifth Ave., New York. NATURAL. GAS MADE GLASS, for Kose Houses. Conservatories, etc., etc. Lout; at our Worlds Katr Kxhlblt In Uortlcul- tural Buildlne. Please mention the American Florist every time you vrrite to an advertiser. FLORAL DESIGNS Tlie Cut Flower Worker's Friend. Fine book of ICO pages. Send S3.B0 for it, to J. HORACE McFARLAND, Harrisburg, Pa. Always mention the American Flo- rist when writing to advertisers. 120 The American Florist. Sept:% Index lu Advertisers. AboKU- &Co Adv. ItatCB. eto American Boiler Co .. American Uoud Much Co Andorra Nurseries BnllerKA Barnard WW & Co.... Bay suite lldw Co Bavorsdorler U & Co . . ricniir.l i: HlTKlT II II &C0 H.ii'li Will \.... BunNiill .luM K \ Son . .. BllKlllll l.l'lHTC.l . . Bruckt'inlil;:^' \ <_'»> Braiier Jt Ulchtcr Brown \ Canfleld Burns fc Uaynor Burrow .1 IJ Burton .lolin Cannan U W — Cnmiody .T I) ChnnillciMieoH CllilUCo Coli'B WW Curliroy 'I'.l Crel^;lilon (Jeo Doumud.l B &Co Do Cock .lulea. - .. . De Lamator Iron WkB noMiililorTIi 1) JlcSuH't I.OUlB DoTlnc'n BiilliT Wlis.. Dillon J L Dorner Krcd & Son Dreer 1 1 A Klllott WU KUIsonWui.... F.lv /. Do Forest & Co. KiiKlu \V .! Felhelni Lyman F'orstcrmann 1 Gassor .1 M Gonzalez Si Co Goodyear Rubber Store Crllllth N S Gurnoy Heater Co.... Hall AHs'n Uannnond BenJ Hancock (ico Hart .luiues Hart Michael A Hart .tCrouse Hartford UK Ilelnl Jos Uelte Kloral Co Henlon \ lliibbcll.... HeroTiiiicii MiK <'o.... Herr Allicrt M Hews A ll&Co HlltiiiKcr Bros Hill KO *Co Illupard K Hltcblnits&Co Hooker H M Co Horan KdwC . lloulincr H Hulsettoscb Bros Hunt V, H HuntM A IIBI Hunter Krank D. ...Ill) .leanings K B — .looston (Ml Kaufnninn Krnst &Co Komble l-'loral Co Konnlcott Bros. . . Kocll LuiIwIk. .... KotTinan K KrocHcliell Br^ Kuehn C A , . I,a Uoche AStabl 11(1 Lockland Lumber Co.. . llt'i Lombard KT Ills l-onK Dan'l B Ill Ixjnsdale Kdwiu IIW Lonl 11(1 Peck & Sutherland Ill Ponnock C ■! IKS PciniockFM lOS Pennock Sam'l 8 llll Plcrson A N lll'.i I'lcrson V It Co... . II:! Plttshiirii Clnv Ml'K Co. 1 1(1 Prince A C Ai'o ..III ProliNt llniB Kl.iml (•0..IIW Pyo .V Mueller ll.'> (Quaker City Much Co.. 11(1 Randall A 1. Ill Uaou.v C Ill Iteck John 1011 Iteed GliiBsCo IIS Uclmschnelder Ernst.. 1 1:1 KobertB.)U ir.i lloehrs'Jhco Ill KolkerA&Son8....li:i II.") Unpp John V Ill KUBScll S J iir> Sander A Co Iir> Saul John Ill Suviicnol AK HI Scollay John A lis Sheridan W V Ill Shehniro \V 11 Ills ShiMW.KKl Hall NurCo.llJ SIclirvilil A Wiidley....!!.'! Sliillc, Dniillcl & Co. ...11(1 Sltdalloim. wants IIW Siiillh Nathan* Son...lll'.( Soltail I'hr Ill Sliirr I'has'l' IDS Slcllciis N 111! Stewart W J Scc'y n.'> SUJtt (iarden Imp Co.. . I I.'i Struck J N &Bro IIT Sunderbruoli H L 1 1 1 Tracht J A ASon Ills Trloker Wm Ill Van Home Griffon & Co IIS VaUKhan J C... 112 VIck.t Hill ms Weuthered'B Sous T W . I lit Weeber&DoD. Welch Bros WhIlldlnPotCo Wight W P. llli .111 .11(1 .111 WlhterN D Ills Wisconsin Flower Ex. Wolf K K WoltTLMfmCo Wood Bros Viuini; .lohn. 11:1 117 llll lUll 111 S'ounjiC &SonBCo....lli:i ZlrnnU'bel D IH You CAN never invest $2 to better ad- vantage than in a copy of our trade directorv and reference book. Please mention the American Flo- rist every time you write to an adver- tiser in these columns. GREENHOUSE HEATING § VENTILATING Horticultural Architecture and Building. HITGHINGS & GO. Established 1844. ll'i Mercer St., New York. FIVE PATTERNS OF BOILERS. NINTEEN SIZES. Perfect Sash Raising Apparatus. Rosehouses, Greenhouses, Etc., of Iron Frame Construction, Erected complete, or the Structural Iron Work shipped ready for erection. Iron Frame Benches wUh the " Perfect Drainage Bench Tile " or Slate Top. SEKD « omtnrs posT4 Rmerica is "the Praw nf the l/'sssel; there may be more onmfnrt Rmidships, but u/e are the Rrst ta touch Unknown Seas," Ifol. IX CHICAGO AND HEW YORK, SEPTEMBER 14, 1893. No. 276 IFlHSiE /AUSilftillli/AOSi IFlL@lSI!@7 Copyright 18fl:j, by Aiiierican Florist Company. t,utered as Secoud-Class Mail Matter. PUBLISHKD EVERY THURSDAY BY THE AMERICAN FLORIST COMPANY. 323 Dearburii Street, Clilcag:o. Subscription, $1.00 a year. To Europe, ff2.00. Address all cdinmuuicatious to AMERICAN FLORIST COMPANY. p. (). Drawer 164, CHICAGO. Eastern Offlie : 07 Hromfield St., Itostoii. SOCIETY OF AMERICAN FLORIST. Wm. R. Smith WaHhlnirton, D. C, president; Prop. Wm. tkeleahe. St. Iviiuis. Mo..vlce-preMldeDt: Wm. .). 8TEWAUT. liT Brornfleld St. BoHton, Mnsfl, Hecretnry; M. A. IIuNT. Terre Haute. Ind.. treasurer. The new offlcers. to he installed .Ian. I. IS'.t4. are: .1. T. ANTlUJNV, ChlcaK". president; RoHKU'r KtFr. IMilIadelplila. vice-president; secretary and treasurer tlio saini.' as for IS'.I3. The ne.vt annual meeting will be held at Atlantic City. N. .1.. AUBUst. IK'.ll. CONTENTS. Mass. Hort. Society annual exhibition 121 Aquatics 122 Notes on propagation 122 Veranda boxes (illus) lii Roses— Seasonable notes 124 Keutias Beltnorcaua and Forsteriana .... 124 Carnations— Seasonable hints 12-4 — Au unfortunate blunder 124 Miscellaneous seasonable hints ... 124 How to make "rubbers" break naturally (illus) 125 Philadelphia ' . . . 125 New York 12.5 Boston 12(1 Chicago 12(i Baltimore 12(i St. I