UMASS/AMHERST 312066 0333 2930 9 * IHE AMI; AM The American Rose Society ORGAKIZED 1899 MEMBERSHIP LIFE MEMBERS pay $50, and are thereafter exempt from the payment of dues. Life members receive all publications, may vote at all meetings, and are entitled to admission to all exhibitions in charge of the Society. The funds received from Life members are invested as a permanent sustentation fund. ACTIVE MEMBERS pay $3 annually, receive all publica- tions, may vote at all meetings, and are entitled to admission to all exhibitions. ASSOCIATE MEMBERS pay Si annually, receive all publications, and are entitled to admission to all exhi- bitions. No working florist or gardener is eligible for Associate membership. AFFILUTION Any organization holding an annual show or exhibition at which roses are exhibited may affiliate with the American Rose Society, upon arrangement with the Secretary, receiving in con- sequence the American Rose Annual for each member, and also one SHver and two Bronze Medals for award at exhibitions. EXTTTBmONS The American Rose Society holds annually one or more ex- hibitions. In 1917, it inaugurated a National Rose Festival, held ia Philadelphia on March ao to 23. A large sum was offered in premiums at this Festival and the Society itself exhibited a great rose-garden. Details will be found in this Annual, or may be had on application to the Secretary, E. A. WHITE, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL This publication is mailed to all Life, Active, and Associate members, and copies are sent to the secretaries of all affiliated societies for each member thereof for whom the proper payment has been made to tiae American Rose Society. EXTRA COPIES may be had, by members only, at 75 cents, upon application cither to the Secretary or to the Editor's office. Box 655, Harrisburg, Pa. Inasmuch as only the req\iired number of copies is printed each year, it is desirable to order in advance for additional copies. SUGGESTIONS, CONTRIBUTIONS AND CRITiaSMS will be welcomed by the Editor, at the above address. It is par- tocularly d«ired to secure rose information for the 1918 Rose Annual with photographs if convenienL THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Plate I. John Cook's unnamed American seedling (Frau Karl Druschki xMrs Charles Russell), not yet in commerce. Two-thirds natural size THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL THE 1917 YEAR-BOOK OF ROSE PROGRESS Edited for the American Rose Sociei-y, by J. HORACE McFARLAND SECOND EDITION 1917 AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY EDITOR'S OFFICE HARRISBURG, PA. nn HE American Rose Annual is supplied to all ^ members of the American Rose Society. Addi- tional copies to members only, 75 cents each, post- paid. Others may obtain the Annual by remitting $1 for Associate Membership to E. A. White, Secretary, Ithaca, N. Y. Copyright. 1917 By J. Horace McFarlaxd, Editor The 1918 American Rose Annual irill be issued March 1, 1918. J. Horace McFarland, Editor; 0. P. Beckley, Adver. Manager, Harrisburg, Pa, Completely prepared, illustrated and printed by the J. Horace McFabland Company Harrisburg, Pa. The Rose ''The interest in the rose cannot pass. The appeal of the flower is practically universal The variety in for?)! and color is wide and the adap- tations remarkable. It has become part of the experience of the race,'' {See article on page 17) fii Oh THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY Organized March 13, 1899 "To increase the general interest in the cultivation and improve the standard of excellence of the Rose for all peopW'' OFFICERS, 1916-1917 President Benjamin Hammond Vice-President William L. Rock Eon. Vice-Presidents Rev. E. M. Mills, D.D. W. K. McKendrick J. Horace McFarland Dr. Robert Huey Treasurer Harry O. M4.y Secretary E. A. White, Cornell University Ithaca, N. Y. Aaron Ward E. Allen Pierce W. J. Kiemel Ex-oflcio: S. S. Pennock 0. P. Beckley Executive Committee: John H. Dunlop J. A. Currey George C. Thomas, Jr. Wallace R. Pierson Robert Simpson Robert Pyle Louis J. Reuter J. Horace McFarland E. A. White Publication Committee: Robert Simpson Robert Pyle ♦William C. Barry F. R. Newbold W. H. Elliott Former Presidents: Alexander Montgomery Benjamin Dorrance August F. Poehlmann Robert Craig Wallace R. Pierson Adolph Farenwald Robert Simpson S. S. Pennock MEMBERSHIP Life Members ($50) and Active Members ($3 annually) receive all publications, tickets to all exhibitions, and are entitled to vote at all meetings. Associate Members ($1 annually) receive all publications, includ- ing this Annual, and tickets to all exhibitions. Remit, with full address, to E. A. White, Secretary, Ithaca, N. Y. ♦Deceased EDITOR'S PREFACE THIS second American Rose Annual is issued in hopefulness and in gratitude. In the preface to last year's Annual, three aims were mentioned. The first, that of striving "to deepen interest in the Rose in America," has assuredly met with a degree of success. The aim of * 'joining rose workers to the American Rose Society" has likewise been promoted materially, as may be seen by referring to the list of members beginning on page 146, where, if anyone cares to count, it will be noted that the increase over last year in amateur or Associate memberships is fully twelvefold; and it is continuing. The desired "aid in making future issues much more helpful and adequate" has been cheerfully given the Editor, as he here gratefully acknowledges. In a way hardly contemplated at the beginning, the Editor has found the work and welfare of the American Rose Society so interwoven with the making of the Annual that much effort planned for the latter has come to relate closely to the organi- zation itself. The membership increase above noted is one of the consequences of this unexpected condition. The number of new roses of American origin registered with the Society, and the activity of the rose hybridizers, indicate the advance of the effort to provide American roses for America. The statistics as to importations found on page 5d, and the con- structive suggestions as to suitable stocks and methods of prop- agation, ought to point the way toward developing a far greater American industry in rose production. It is with real pride that attention is called to the illustrations of "made in America" roses appearing in this Annual. These are an earnest of the progress of American hybridization. To the Editor there is much of consequence in the sugges- tions to be found in the following pages relating to the holding of many June rose shows, simple and local in character, but promoting materially and desirably the aims of the American Rose Society. It is hoped that 1917 will see the successful establishment of the rose-show habit in America. In line with the securing of greater attention to amateur (5) EDITOR'S PREFACE rose-growing comes the establishment of a new test-garden in Portland, Oregon, and the increase of interest in the existing test-gardens, the records from which another year ought to be of real value. It is not an idle dream to look forward to many- more well-founded and well-conducted rose test-gardens, in which millions of our people may read the message of the rose, and acquire the impulse to have roses for themselves. Seemingly the first earnest endeavor to establish an accurate record of roses raised in America is the one of which evidence will be found on pages 117 to 127. If this publication is soon followed by the carefully made catalogue of all roses in American commerce which it is the desire of the Editor to issue, it is believed that rose-growing will be further benefited. The worth-whileness of the American Rose Society is shown in its promotion of the first orderly study of rose diseases by a trained pathologist, as reported on page 92. The liberal men who have made this work possible are named on page 141. The Editor gratefully acknowledges the help of the rose friends whose interest and knowledge alone have made this Annual possible. These friends have cheerfully joined him in the labor of love of which this little book is the evidence. He also acknowledges with hearty thanks the greetings and assis- tance received internationally, from Canada and from England, making evident the peaceful supremacy over political lines of the rose. The horticultural tradesmen whose announcements appear in this book are men in whose offerings to rose-growers every confidence may be reposed. Effort has been made by the Adver- tising Manager to have set forth reliable sources for the satis- fying of every rose need. Again the Editor appeals to friends of the rose for suggestions, information, criticisms, and experiences, toward the end of making the next Annual better. It is, indeed, the rose people who make this book; the Editor merely puts it together. J. HORACE McFARLAND Harrisburg, Pa., March 10, 1917 CONTENTS Pace DEDICATION L.E. Bailey S EDITOR'S PREFACE J, Horace McFarland 5 THE PROGRESS OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY .... S. S. Pennock, President 9 THE USE OF THE ROSE IN THE LANDSCAPE . Wilhelm Miller 12 THE LITERATURE OF THE ROSE: The Rose in the "Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture" . . . L. E. Bailey 16 Francis Parkman on Roses M.N. Baker 18 The Practical Book of Outdoor Rose-Growing. . . . The Editor 19 The Oldest Rose-Garden in the United States 20 THE AMERICAN ROSE ADVANCE Editors Introduction 21 Roses Worth While for Everybody .... George C. Thomas, Jr. 21 Selections from Recent Garden Roses Aaron Ward 31 Rose Bloom Records at Egandale W. C. Egan 33 E. G. Hill's Forthcoming Roses Sarah A. Hill 35 The New American Roses of 1917 The Editor 36 On the 1916 Rose Firing-Line W. Van Fleet 41 The Basis of Merit in Roses Jesse A. Currey 43 METHODS OF ROSE-GROWING Editor's Introduction 47 Propagation by Budding Robert Huey 47 The Trenching Method of Rose Propagation . . .CD. Beadle 51 Springfield Roses John M. Good 53 ROSE IMPORTATIONS The Editor 55 HOW TO CONDUCT AN AMATEUR ROSE SHOW Editor 8 Introduction 57 Details and Classification for Amateur Shows . Jesse A. Currey 58 THE ROSE ALL OVER AMERICA Editors Introduction 62 A Great Rose-Garden and Its Message G. A. Parker 62 The Garden Clubs and the Rose Mrs. Francis King 64 Work and Play in a Texas Rose-Garden . William W. Anderson 66 The Mentneapolis Municipal Rose-Garden at Lyndale Park . . Theodore Wirth 69 In My Rose-Garden Rev. E. M. Mills, D. D. 71 The National Rose Test-Garden F. L. Mulford 74 The Cornell Rose Test-Garden A. C. Beat 79 The Portland National Rose Test-Garden The Editor 82 Roses in the Arnold Arboretum J. Horace McFarland 84 Rose-Growinq in a Northern Latitude W. B. Burgoyne 89 (7) 8 CONTENTS Page THE ENEMIES OF THE ROSE Editor's Introduction 92 Rose Diseases L. M. Massey 92 An Entomologist and His Rose-Garden A. D. Hopkins 101 GREETINGS FROM ABROAD The Editor 106 CUT-FLOWER ROSE-GROWING Editors Introduction 107 The Cut-Rose Production of America The Editor 107 "Cut-Flower" Rose-Growing in 1916 Wallace R. Pierson 109 Cut-Flower Rose-Growing in Canada John R. Dunlop 112 IN MEMORIAM 114 A PARTIAL LIST OF ROSES INTRODUCED IN AMERICA . . . Charles E. F. Gersdorff and The Editor 117 THE WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY: Annual Meeting at Philadelphia, with President's Address and Reports of the Secretary and Treasurer 128 The Washington and Cornell Meetings 137 Meetings of the Executive Committee 138 Awards at Philadelphia Show of 1916 140 The Study of Rose Black-Spot 141 New Roses Registered in 1916 142 Rules for Registration of New Roses 143 Regulations for Judging and Scale of Points 143 American Rose Society Medals for Novelties 144 Committees Governing Rose Test-Gardens 144 At the Hartford Test Gardens 145 Local Societies Affiliated 145 The Eighteenth Annual Meeting of the American Rose Society 145 Medals Awarded in 1916 145 List of Members 146 INDEX 162 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS 3rd cover LIST OF PLATES Facing page I. John Cook's unnamed American seedling (colored plate), Frontispiece 11. Benjamin Hammond, President American Rose Society 9 HI. New Hybrid Tea rose, Mrs. Henry Winnett 33 IV. Fred H. Howard's new American rose, Los Angeles (colored plate) . 37 V. New Hybrid W^ichuraiana rose, Alida Lovett 40 VI. New Hardy Climbing rose. Seedling No. 48 48 VII. Acres of American-grown roses 73 VIII. Two important rose test-gardens 80 IX. Native roses for roadside adornment in the Arnold Arboretum ... 88 X. The oldest rose-garden in the United States 97 Plate II. Benjamin Hammond Secrotarv of the American Rose Society since 1905; elected Presi.lont March 21, 191' The American Rose Annual The Progress of the American Rose Society By S. S. PENNOCK, President, 1916 DURING the year 1916, the American Rose Society has made greater progress than during any other year in its history. This progress has been in several directions, which, for the information of its members and friends, I desire here briefly to follow. The membership of the Society has materially increased, in both the Active and Associate classes. In addition to a healthy growth in the Active membership, there has resulted an increase in Associate membership to at least eight times the number recorded one year ago, and this increase is continuing. The year 1916 witnessed the publication of the first issue of the American Rose Annual. This serious record of rose progress was planned, not only to record the happenings of the previous year, but to put into available form previously unpublished rose material in the hope that it might be influential in promot- ing rose-growing in all its forms, and particularly the produc- tion of American roses for America. The favorable reception accorded to the 1916 Rose Annual is the best comment on the success of this attempt. The Editor of the Annual, Mr. J. Horace McFarland, found ready and cheerful cooperation among the members of the Society, and a hearty accord with the purpose in mind among those not in the Society who could afford proper help. It is believed that the articles presented in the 1916 Annual on possibilities in rose- breeding, on the rose species available from China and else- where, on America's efforts in rose-growing and rose-breeding, on the diseases and insects which affect roses, on rose popu- larity in various parts of the United States and Canada, on rose organizations, and on roses grown for cut-flowers, were of such value that the volume will long remain a standard reference (9) 10 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL book, comparing favorably with the best issues of the National Rose Society of England. It was in consequence of the discovery, in the course of the preparation of the 1916 Annual, that no orderly study of rose diseases had ever been undertaken in the United States, that the Society started the raising of a research fund to be used in supporting for two years a skilled scientific worker assigned particularly to the study of rose diseases. A liberal response to the call for subscriptions from interested rose-growers all over the country made it possible for the officers to arrange through Dr. H. H. Whetzel, the Pathologist of Cornell Uni- versity, for the employment of Dr. L. M. Massey to undertake the disease study desired. The University itself bears an impor- tant part of the cost of the work. Dr. Massey began work in the early fall, and his accomplish- ments up to date have been most gratifying, even though it was not expected that there would be any particular result for at least a year. For example, his investigation of a new trouble which besets cut-flower rose-growers, a form of crown or root disease, is likely to result in the early checking of a trouble which might easily have put many growers entirely out of business. The research fund was solicited largely through personal effort, and it is my sincere hope that the subscriptions will be renewed and extended, so that the work may be carried on for another year, or as much longer as is necessary to fully advise the members of the Society as to rose diseases and their control. The various test-gardens supervised by the Society have increased in attractiveness and value during 1917. Arrange- ments have been completed for the establishment under unusu- ally favorable conditions of a test-garden in Portland, Oregon; and the opening year will doubtless see the beginning of scien- tific recording in all these gardens. The minutes and proceedings printed in this Annual will inform the members in general of the activities of the Society during the year. The Executive Committee has held many meetings, and I wish particularly to record here my apprecia- tion of the self-sacrificing efforts of those members of the com- mittee who have not considered time nor expense in their endeavors to promote the work of the Society. THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 11 At the great National Flower Show, which was held in Philadelphia between March 25 and April 2, 1916, members of the American Rose Society presented a wonderful exhibition in rose-gardens, as well as in special rose displays and cut roses, that won the admiration of tens of thousands of visitors. The rose-garden feature was pleasing and popular, and so obviously in line with the best work this Society could under- take that, after much discussion, it was resolved to undertake a rose show (including a rose-garden as the central feature) , to be called the American Rose Society's rose-garden, to be managed entirely by the Society, and to be known as the National Rose Festival. To the arduous work of promoting this rose festival, the officers and members of the Society have, upon request, given of their best efforts with cheerful enthusiasm. It is believed that this show, which occurred in the First Regiment Armory, Philadelphia, March 20 to 23, 1917, will prove the start- ing-point for several rose exhibitions each year, to be conducted under the auspices of this Society, through which public interest will be greatly stimulated. It is one of the hopes cherished by those of us who have labored long in the American Rose Society that there shall soon come about a June rose festival, participated in extensively by the prominent amateur rose-growers of the country, who are rapidly coming into the membership of the Society. I have witnessed with great gratification the increased atten- tion paid to roses of American origin during the year 1916. It is apparent that we are on the eve of a vastly increased interest, not only in rose-growing in general, but in the production in America of rose varieties, which can not but be most beneficial. Attention to rose-growing, not only among the commercial men, but more particularly among the amateurs, is obviously increasing by leaps and bounds. I confidently believe that a few years hence we w^ill be able to look back to the achieve- ments of 1916 as the starting-point of a great American rose movement. To promote this desirable movement, I earnestly urge every member of the Society not only to take renewed interest in the rose for itself, but to help the organization by turning in during 1917 at least a half dozen new memberships. The Use of the Rose in the Landscape By WILHELM MILLER, Landscape Architect, Chicago, Illinois Editor's Note. — Dr. Wilhelm Miller writes with the authority of study and knowledge. Associated with Dr. Bailey in the production of the first edition of the "Cyclopedia of American Horticulture," he later became editor of "Country Life in America," and of "The Garden Magazine." To his credit are several important books, and also very much to his credit is the good work done in connection with the University of Illinois, as a professor of which he greatly stimulated rural improvement in that state. IT is a pity that garden or double roses do not thrive every- where, for then the world would be a bower of roses ! Whether another pair of mortals might get sick of living in the new Eden I cannot say, but of one thing I am sure; every beginner in gardening tries to solve every planting problem with roses. When Portland, Ore., deliberately set out to become famous as the "City of Roses," people put double roses against the founda- tions, in the parkings, and at the boundaries. They made double rows leading to the front doors, they lined the sidewalks with hedges, and they put rose-beds in the middle of the lawn. Experience soon taught them that double roses in such posi- tions do not thrive as well as in the garden, and because they do not thrive they do not look appropriate. The queen of flowers appears to best advantage in her own home and sur- rounded by her courtiers. Perpetuals and Hybrid Teas cannot hold their own in a shrubbery border with such rampant bushes as lilacs, weigelas, and syringas. They are too subject to insects and diseases. A new ''landscape gardener" has struck the town where I am visiting. He is planting roses in every yard. He also removes ashes. He was formerly a janitor, but the indoor life got on his nerves. This is his first experience in landscape work, and it combines beautifully with garbage disposal. He plants Kaiserin and Killarney in all the positions above mentioned — and then some. He is a Christian gentleman and a lovely furnace tender, but he has a lot to learn about landscape architecture. He is learning a little — at great expense to others. There are hundreds of these self-styled landscape gardeners in the same boat. I can picture the bewilderment of these poor (12) THE ROSE IN THE LANDSCAPE 13 fellows when complaints begin to pour in and they go to the library to find what is the matter. They decide to "read up" on roses and consult "Bailey's Cyclopedia" for the first time. When it dawns on them that there are sixty species in cultiva- tion, thousands of varieties, half-a-dozen cUmates to provide for, several soil-types, and dozens of practical uses to be con- sidered, the complexity of it all is likely to make some of them quit the landscape game and go back to the sub-basement. Alas ! not all. There must be some way of simplifying the bulk of this terri- fying technical information, and the whole subject has newly crj^stallized in my mind as follows: About 90 per cent of the commonest landscape problems can be solved with the aid of nine species of wild rose. Most garden-lovers know a dozen or more varieties of the double rose. Is it asking too much to learn nine kinds of single rose, providing they have personalities as well marked as General Jacqueminot and Mrs. Aaron Ward? If not, I will name and describe them in a new way — telling some- thing characteristic about each one that can be easily remem- bered, just as the cartoonist singles out one man's nose and another's teeth or whiskers. THE NINE WILD ROSES EVERY AMERICAN SHOULD KNOW Group 1. The American roses. 1. The Prairie Rose {Rosa setigera) ia our only climbing rose, and the only native rose that commonly has three leaflets. 2. The Carolina Rose {R. Carolina, or R. humUis) is the most widely dis- tributed native rose, and the commonest dwarf species, ordinarily attaining three feet — rarely six feet. 3. The Virginia Rose (R. virginiana, or R. lucida) is badly named because it ranges only from Newfoimdland to Pennsylvania. Attains six feet and has glossy foliage, while that of Carolina is dull. Also it has hooked prickles, while Carolina's are straight. 4. The Shining Rose (R. nitida) is the dwarf New England rose with the shining foliage. Lowest of our native roses, growing eighteen inches high. 5. The Swamp Rose (R. palustris) is distinguished from all the preceding by its finely toothed leaflets. Prefers moist soil and attains eight feet. 6. The Smooth Rose (R. blanda) has no thorns — only a few soft prickles Group 2. The Japanese roses. 7. The Wrinkled Rose {R. rugosa) has the best fohage of any rose in cul- tivation— thick, shiny, wrinkled — and almost the biggest fruits, often an inch in diameter. It is the most popular of all shrubbery roses. 8. The Mant-flowered Rose {R. multifiora) is the most popular climbing 14 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL rose w4th single flowers and is the chief parent of the Ramblers. Normally white-flowered. 9. The Memorl^l Rose (R. Wichuraiana) is the only near-evergreen and the only species here mentioned that has numerous leaflets (usually nine). White- flowered, and normally a trailer, it is one parent of many fine climbers. In ordinary or conventional landscape gardening the Jap- anese species are much more popular than our native species. In the highest type of landscape work — restoration — pure composition is absolutely necessary. The species native to each locality are to be used exclusively — no foreigners. In such work it is imperative that the landscape architect shall know his American roses and know them well. It will be found that the above names do not agree very well with the various editions of Gray and Britton, but they represent the very latest and most practical classification — the one that nurserymen will use — Rehder's, in Bailey's "Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture." Stick to that if you want to do things. Know your native roses forward and backward, like your O. Henry. For foundation planting the favorite is the wTinkled rose, but it gets scaly and straggly, and should be cut to the ground every four or five years, or have some of the old wood removed every year. I like the prairie and many-flowered roses better for this purpose. Put roses on the sunny side of the house. For porch decoration people commonly used double-flowered ramblers. These are certainly allowable amid artificial sur- roundings. In natural surroundings the favorites are the many- flowered, memorial, and prairie roses — about in the order named. For hedges the beginner commonly turns to the wrinkled rose, especially at the seashore. But informal borders of shrub- bery in variety generally give more satisfaction than a formal hedge. For borders all the the nine species above named are suitable. This is the commonest and most important use of wild or single roses. It is better, usually, to plant the boundaries informally with wild roses and other shrubs than to use a trimmed hedge. The former practice makes a home blend with the environment, while the latter makes it stand out in sharp and arti- ficial contrast. For winter value the wrinkled rose is the most famous, because it has very large fruits. However, these are hardly THE ROSE IN THE LANDSCAPE 15 attractive after Christmas, while the fruits of Nos. 1 to 5 and 9 are attractive all winter, those of the prairie and many-flowered roses being the best. Of the red-stemmed species the prairie is the favorite, but Nos. 2 to 5 are also good. For parkings the dwarf species are best, at least near the danger-points where children are likely to be killed by automo- biles. This means the Carolina, shining, and memorial roses, although the many-flowered rose can be treated as a low shrub. For edging walks, drives, and borders use the list given for parkings. For localities subject to petty thievery the shining rose is best. You can plant daffodils in the protection of its thorns with little danger of the flowers being picked. For arbors, pergolas, pillars, trellises, and garden arches the three climbers are the best. For holding steep banks the three climbers are also better than the shrubby species. For waterside planting the swamp rose is appropriate, but the finest effects come from planting the climbers on top of the bank. The prairie rose arches over to meet the water while the other two have a flowing, pendent grace that is doubly beau- tiful when reflected in the water. For roadside planting nature has suggested the Carolina rose. For regions that are overrun with rose bug use the dark- colored species, as the chafers work mostly on white and light- colored flowers. They are worse in sandy regions. In those localities try garden roses budded on the dog rose, or use sweet- brier, which sometimes runs wild in sandy regions. Have you found roses satisfactory in shrubbery planting? The article in the igi6 Annual^ *'Roses in the Landscape ,'' gave many suggestions. The Editor will welcome notes or pictures about rose- landscape plantings, for the extension of the subject in the igi8 Annual. The Literature of the Rose The Rose in the "Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture" By L. H. BAILEY, Ithaca, N. Y Editor's Note. — The publication, early n 1917, of Dr. L. H. Bailey's great six-volume "Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture" marks an epoch in American progress with things that grow. Dr. Bailey's statement upon the basis of the extensive treatment of the rose in the fifth volume is in point. I AM requested to explain for the Rose Annual what has been prepared for the rose-grower in the "Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture." This I am glad to do, for the effort was made to give special attention to this very important subject. All the entries in a cyclopedia, from A unto Z and the appendix, must receive their proper attention, with no slighting of the material no matter how short the account may be; yet certain articles must be fuller and longer than others, representing the emphatic and cardinal stress of the book. In a cyclopedia of horticulture for American conditions, such stress must be placed on rose, chrysanthemum, sweet pea, lettuce, tomato, apple, peach, strawberry and many others. The important articles of this class in the Standard Cyclopedia comprise many hundred. Of all the great florists' genera described in the Cyclopedia, rose receives the most pages of text, the greatest number of illustrations, and the largest number of articles by experts. Rose and Rosa together occupy thirty-seven pages, with fifty- five regular text illustrations, and two full-page cuts of which one is in color. In the making of each page of the Cyclopedia, about 10,000 pieces of type metal are used; the printers of the J. Horace McFarland Company have handled about 370,000 pieces of metal on the rose articles alone. The treatment of the rose is a symposium — made up of the combined yet separate contributions of different writers, ten of them in all. To understand the rose, one must know something of the species. Many of these species have entered into the origin and evolution of the florists' and fanciers' roses, and (16) THE LITERATURE OF THE ROSE 17 others are planted as shrubbery. The article on the genus Rosa is more complete than any other publication of its kind in this country. It regularly describes sixty species, with seventy more in the supplementary list at the end of the article. It accounts for more than 300 Latin or botanical names of Rosa. This article is prepared by Alfred Rehder, of the Arnold Arboretum, near Boston, who has access to a large growing collection, a very large herbarium, and who is a student of the genus. The recent additions to knowledge in this group, and the application of current rules of nomenclature, have made considerable change in the species, and yet these changes are not confusing unless perhaps in the present use of the name Rosa polyantha. The R. polyantha of botanists is one thing (synonymous with R. multiflora), while the R. polyantha of horticulturists is another thing, being a trade name for a group of hybrids. It would be well to drop the name from horticultural classifications. The articles under the entry "Rose" are nine in number. This symposium comprises a general introductory account, with a list of the main botanical species involved, and a statement of the founding and work of the American Rose Society and affiliates. Then follows a classification of horticultural roses by Leonard Barron; propagation by B. M. Watson; roses for the amateur, by Dr. Robert Huey and Dr. A. C. Beal; outdoor roses for the mid-continental region, by H. C. Irish; roses in Cali- fornia, by Ernest Braunton, with lists by him for southern California, and for the state at large by John Gill; roses under glass, by W. R. Pierson, w^ith a discussion of houses and heating, soils, propagation, varieties, diseases and insects, general culti- vation, cutting and marketing; rose insects by C. R. Crosby and M. D. Leonard; rose diseases, by L. M. Massey. The troubles of roses are also listed, with many others, in the general symposium on diseases and insects in Volume II; and the articles on greenhouses, in Volume III, will also be of interest to rose-growers as well as to others. The interest in the rose cannot pass. The appeal of the flower is practically universal. The variety in form and color is wide and the adaptations great. It has become part of the experience of the race. 18 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Francis Parkman on Roses By M. N. BAKER, Montclair, N. J. Editor Engineering News Editor's Note. — It is indicative of the widespread interest in the rose that the editor of an important engineering periodical should be an appreciative rose-lover, and that he should bring to our attention an almost forgotten rose- book. HOW many readers of the Rose Annual know that Francis Parkman, the great American historian, was not only an enthusiastic and successful cultivator of roses on a con- siderable scale but also wrote what was in its day an eminently practical volume entitled "The Book of Roses?" (Boston. J. E. Tilton & Co. 1866. 225 pages.) Parkman sought relief in horticulture from the ill health that would have wrecked the useful life of any but the most extraordinary of men. In the preface to "The Book of Roses," dated January 1, 1866, he declared that "the object of this book is to convey informa- tion" and that he had cultivated roses for many years, putting in practice "methods found successful abroad" and learning "the extent to which they are practicable here." The results of his own experience, he says in concluding his preface, "are given, as compactly as possible, in the following pages." Com- bined with his own experience are judiciously selected passages from some of the best foreign writers, notably Rivers. The last twenty-five pages of the book are occupied with a list of "Roses Most Approved by the Best Cultivators of the Present Day, in addition to those already mentioned under their respective classes." This list, together with the author's personal experiences in cultivation and propagation, his accounts of the origin of many varieties of roses, and his characterizations of the merits and demerits of different roses, can scarcely fail to inter- est any rose-lover of the present day. The book is embellished with vignette title pages for the whole volume, for Part I, "Culture of the Rose," and for Part II, "Description of the Rose," and also with chapter head and tail-pieces — all charming woodcuts. Less successful esthetically, but adding variety and interest, are scores of specially designed and engraved chapter subheads, many of which bring in the THE LITERATURE OF THE ROSE 19 rose. The back cover of the original edition, now out of print, shows the title in green letters on gilt scrolls resting on a branch of the moss rose in flower. It will be seen that the volume as a whole has a strong appeal to both the rosarian and the bibliophile. It may be added that in 1871 Parkman was appointed Pro- fessor of Horticulture in the Bussey Institution, Harvard Uni- versity, but he resigned the position in 1872. The Practical Book of Outdoor Rose-Growing By GEORGE C. THOMAS, Jr. Fourth edition. De luxe form, special binding, 96 illustrations in full color, made from color photographs, and 36 black- and-white illustrations; 200 pages in both forms. Garden form, 16 color illustrations and 35 black-and-white illustrations. WHILE this is announced as merely a new edition, it is, nevertheless, a new book. Mr. Thomas has practically rewritten it and brought it up to date. The book is surely practical. No time is wasted in literary discussions or in history. Chapter I begins with propagation, and Mr. Thomas has succinctly summarized all methods of propagation, adding also citations to various books which he has found helpful. Probably no one in America is better fitted to write on "The Best Varieties with Their Characteristics" than the author of this book. Mr. Thomas not only writes because he has grown the roses, but because in an extraordinary fashion he has had the details concerning the roses so recorded as now to be avail- able. Thus, when he offers forty -eight roses among the Hybrid Teas as those which he can recommend, he does it on the basis of records ranging over several years' time and covering details which have not before been recorded so carefully by any rose- grower. The admirable detailed descriptions of these roses in a semi-tabulated form make it possible quickly to compare one with another in a novel and interesting way. After looking over this list the reader must feel that he has all available knowledge of the particular varieties thus commended as they have grown for Mr. Thomas. There is in addition to this a comprehensive main list of 20 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL varieties, with carefully tabulated descriptions, which will be found immensely helpful to the thoughtful grower of roses. Not only are Hybrid Teas covered in these lists, but all other classes of roses hardy or approximately hardy in this climate. Mr. Thomas has not only given his own experience in connec- tion with the handling of roses, but has gathered at first hand the experience of other thoughtful growers. He covers in the chapters of the book many details upon which the average rose-book is silent. Some rose partisans will not be pleased with Mr. Thomas' statements in respect to the comparative prosperity of roses on various stocks or on their own roots. Partisans seldom are pleased with the whole truth, but no one who reads this im- portant book can have any other conclusion than that Mr. Thomas has always stated the whole truth as he finds it. To the amateur rose-grower Mr. Thomas' book is of enor- mous advantage, and it is here heartily commended for that reason. The garden edition, though offered at one third the price of the complete or de luxe edition, contains all the text, all the one-color illustrations, and a selection of sixteen of the color subjects. It ought to have a large circulation. THE OLDEST ROSE-GARDEN IN THE UNITED STATES {See Plate X, Jacing page gy) At Van Cortlandt Manor^ Croton-on-Hudsoriy New York, is a rose-garden, yet prosperous and lovely, which has been in existence for more than a hundred years. The old loophole-pierced manor-house bears authentic date of *'A. D. 1681/' Great rose-bushes are there in the garden, covered in June with myriads oj old-time Centijolia, Damask, and other roses oj the eighteenth and nineteenth cen- turies, including the ''York and Lancaster' rose. Direct descendants oj the original owners — alas, the last oj the line! — keep loving care over this rose- garden oj historic value, and beautijul in itselj. The American Rose Advance EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION Under this heading are grouped articles relating to the notable progress scored in 1916 in the provision of more and better roses for America. It is believed that the student of rose advance will find here material for help and interest. Especial attention is suggested to the careful review of the new varie- ties, and to the propagating details found in two important articles. Roses Worth While for Everybody By GEORGE C. THOMAS, Jr. Author of "The Practical Book of Outdoor Rose-Growing" BEFORE considering the various types of roses adaptable to different sections of our country and the uses to which they may be put, it must be understood that cKmatic conditions are an important governing factor. It is, of course, impossible to draw an exact line where a certain class will do well or beyond which it will fail, but for all practical purposes the country may be divided into three main divisions: First, the South and like regions, where there is practically no frost, on account of which nearly all roses may be grown, but where certain classes give the best results. Second, the moderate sections, where the heat is not so in- tense but where there is more frost and not so long a growing season. This division comprises the Middle Atlantic States and other areas of the West and Pacific Coast where the tem- perature in winter does not go to zero for more than short and occasional periods. Here the more delicate types cannot be grown, and some other classes need winter protection. Third, the northern section, where the winter climate is too severe for all but the very hardiest kinds, and in some parts of which even these require special care to survive the cold. The lists for the various sections of the country are limited to varieties which have been thoroughly tested and which may be expected to give good results. There are other roses from which fair results may be expected, but unless large collections are desired, selection from the lists given should supply all the roses the average amateur will require. (21) £2 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL For all divisions budded roses are recommended as better than own-root roses except for Climbers, Rugosas, and other hardy classes. THE BEST FORTY-EIGHT GARDEN ROSES First or Southern Division* In this region, while all of the weaker-growing Teas will do well, and while Bourbons and Chinas give good results, for the average home rose-grower the Hybrid Teas are the best for cut-flowers and garden decoration. iVppended is a list of forty- eight varieties — twelve light, twelve pink, twelve red, and twelve yellow. Several Teas are included, and one Polyantha which stands out as the best of its class, but the majority of the roses are Hybrid Teas. LIGHT SECTION Mme. Jules Bouche. H.T. White, center shaded primrose or lightest blush — varies; perfume mild; seventy-one blooms throughout the season; growth excep- tionally fine; tall and plenty of canes. Excellent both for cutting and garden. Grange Colombe. H.T. Cream-white with salmon-yellow and fawn center; perfume mild; fifty-five blooms throughout the season; growth sturdy and erect, with good number of canes. A good all-round rose. Ophelia. H.T. Salmon-flesh, center shaded light yellow at base of petals; perfume fair, very delicate; forty-five blooms throughout the season as grown on Multiflora; growth fairly good. A beautiful cut-flower. Jacques Porcher. H.T. Passing from white, shaded carmine on saflFron center, to clear yellow with a darker center; perfume mild; sixty-nine blooms throughout the season; growth very good. A fine all-round rose, particularly desirable for garden decoration. Souv. du President Carnot. H.T. Flesh shaded white, with us flesh to light shell-pink center; perfume mild; thirty-four blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth not of the best; tall but not uniform. Good for cut-flower. Pharisaer. H.T. Rosy white, shaded salmon; perfume mild; forty-eight blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth well above the average. One of the best light-colored roses when groMTi on the Multiflora. Gruss an Aachen. Poly. Delicate flesh-pink and yellow with deeper center, darker in bud-form, color quickly fades in hot weather, becoming almost white; perfume mild; fifty-eight blooms throughout the season; growth fair. A good low decorative variety, and fair for cutting. Mrs. Herbert Hawksworth. T. Deeply zoned delicate ecru on milk-white, becoming silky creamy white; perfume mild; thirty-four blooms throughout the season; growth average. A fair rose for all purposes. Antoine Rivoire. H.T. Flesh to cream-yellow-peach center, sometimes with lilac shading; perfume mild; twenty-seven blooms throughout the season; *It should be noted that these forty-eight varieties are also recommended by Mr. Thomas as beat for the "Second or Moderate Division." — Editor. ROSES WORTH WHILE FOR EVERYBODY 23 growth high and strong but lacking in bushiness. A distinct and beautiful rose for cutting, especially in the spring. Mrs. Harold Brocklebank. H.T. Creamy white, center shaded buff, base of petals soft golden yellow, outer petals frequently tinted salmon-rose; perfume mild; thirty-eight blooms throughout the season; growth medium. Very good for cut-flowers. Mile. Simone Beaumez. H.T. Salmon-white, sometimes tinged with Japan yellow in center; perfume mild; forty-nine blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth tall and strong, but lacking in number of canes. Attains its greatest beauty in the spring, but a fair rose at all times. La Tosca. H.T. Silvery pink with deeper center; perfume mild; fifty-seven blooms throughout the season; growth exceptionally strong and vigorous. One of the best roses for garden decoration. PINK SECTION Radiance. H.T. Light silver flesh to salmon-pink; perfume fair to strong; fifty-one blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth very strong. Stands supreme as the best pink rose in cultivation on account of its vigorous constitution. Grossherzog Friederich. H.T. Carmine-rose-pink, with us light pink; per- fume fair; fifty blooms throughout the season; growth very good. A splendid all-round rose. Mme. Segond Weber. H.T. Rosy salmon; perfume mild; forty-nine blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth fair. Beautiful for cut-flowers. Frau Margrethe M oiler. H.T. Dark rose with clearer edges of petals; per- fume fair; fifty-seven blooms throughout the season; growth medium; requires time to become established. A fair all-round rose. Mme. Leon Pain. H.T. Light silvery salmon, center orange-salmon; per- fume quite distinct; forty-one blooms throughout the season; growth above the average. Good for all purposes. Lady Alice Stanley. H.T. Deep coral-rose on outside of petals, inside pale flesh; perfume mild to fair; thirty-three blooms throughout the season; growth fair. Especially good for cutting. Mme. Maurice de Luze. H.T. Deep rose-pink, carmine center, reverse of petals paler in color; perfume exceptionally strong and enduring; forty-five blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth very good. Useful for cutting or decorative purposes. Jonkheer J. L. Mock. H.T. Carmine changing to imperial pink; perfume fair in spring and fall, mild in summer; thirty-one blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth tall, but lacking in bushiness. A majestic cut-flower. Mrs. George Shawyer. H.T. Brilliant clear rose; perfume mild; thirty-one blooms throughout the season on two-year-old plants; growth well above the average. Very good for cutting. KUlarney, H.T. With us a soft clear light pink to light rose-pink; perfume quite distinct; forty-one blooms throughout the season; growth good. A good all-round rose, at its best in the spring. Very susceptible to mildew. Caroline Testout. H.T. Satin rose with brighter center; perfume distinct; forty-two blooms throughout the season; growth good, but not of the best. A general favorite; grown to perfection in Portland, Ore. La France. H.T. Bright pink; perfume very good; sixty-seven blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth well above the average. A rose worthy of cultivation if* planted in poor ground, in a bed which drains readily, and if not fed. 24 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL RED SECTION Comte G. de Rochemur. H.T. Fiery scarlet tinted satiny vermilion, with bright red center and rosy white edged petals; perfume above the average; sixty-seven blooms throughout the season; growth average. An especially desirable rose on account of its blooming qualities. Robert Huey. H.T. Warm carmine-cerise, with wire edge of delicate pink; perfume mild; thirty blooms throughout the season; growth tall, but lacking in bushiness. The best hot-weather red rose; also notable for its extreme hardiness. Laurent Carle. H.T. Brilliant carmine; perfume fair to strong; thirty -one blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth fair. Excellent for cutting. Robin Hood. H.T. Soft bright rosy scarlet, changing to bright scarlet- crimson as season advances; perfume above the average; forty-two blooms throughout the season on two-year-old plants; growth very good. Easily estab- lished and valuable for cut-flower purposes. George C. Waud. H.T. Orange- vermilion; perfume quite marked; twenty- six blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth average. Useful as a cut-flower variety. General Mac Arthur. H.T. Bright crimson; perfume good; thirty-five blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth above the average. A rose of all-round worth. Cardinal. H.T. Cardinal-red; perfume very good; forty-eight blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth bushy, but not tall. Perfume and blooming qualities render it an attractive garden rose. Lieutenant Chaure. H.T. Velvety crimson-red; perfume fair to strong; twenty-three blooms throughout the season on yearling plants; growth fair. Promises to be a good all-round rose. Chateau de Clos Vougeot. H.T. Velvety scarlet to dark velvety crimson; perfume strong in the spring and fall, fair in summer; twenty-two blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth above the average. A rose worthy of cultivation for its unique and beautiful color. Mrs. B. R. Cant. T. Deep rose on outer petals, inner petals soft silvery rose, suffused with buff at base; perfume mild; fifty blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth good. Stands out as the best of the red Teas; is good for decorative purposes and fair for cutting. Gruss an Teplitz. H.T. Bright scarlet-crimson; perfume fair to strong; one hundred and seven blooms throughout the season when disbudded, if not dis- budded will give approximately double this amount of bloom; growth perfect. The best tall decorative rose grown; may be used as a hedge if not cut back; or if grown on Multiflora will do well as a low everblooming climber. Ecarlate. H.T. Brilliant scarlet; no perfume; one hundred and eight blooms throughout the season on Multiflora, ninety-three blooms on Brier, fifty-nine blooms on plants on their own roots; growth strong and bushy, but not excep- tionally tall. A splendid decorative rose. YELLOW SECTION Duchess of Wellington. H.T. Intense saffron-yellow stained with rich crim- son which, as the flower develops, becomes deep copper-saffron-yellow, with us somewhat lighter; slight spicy perfume; forty-seven blooms throughout the season; growth next to the largest. The best yellow rose in cultivation, having a wonderful record for many years. Harry Kirk. T. Bright primrose to amber-yellow, with us light sulphur- ROSES WORTH WHILE FOR EVERYBODY 25 yellow; perfume slight, to some persons not pleasing; thirty-two blooms through- out the season; growth fine. An all-round rose, particularly notable on account of its hardiness for a yellow. Mme. Edouard Herriot (The Daily Mail Rose). Per. Bud coral-red shaded with yellow on base, open flower rosy coral-red, hghter shadings are in salmon; mild iperfume; thirty-two blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth average. Most distinct and remarkable color. Natalie Bottner. H.T. Soft flesh to creamy yellow; fair perfume; forty blooms throughout the season; growth well above the average. A good cut- flower. Mrs. Aaron Ward. H.T. Indian yellow, occasionally washed with salmon- rose; mild perfume; thirty-eight blooms throughout the season; growth quite bushy, but not tall. A very attractive and popular little rose; good for all purposes. Senateur Mascuraud. H.T. Cream-yellow with light yolk of egg center; mild perfume; thirty-seven blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth barely average. Particularly useful for cutting. Elli Hartmann. H.T. Old golden yellow; mild perfume; thirty-two blooms throughout the season; growth very good, tall and fairly bushy. A good cut- flower on account of its wonderful lasting qualities. Mme. Melanie Sou-pert. H.T. Light cream to salmon-yellow, with light carmine shades; mild perfume; twenty-five blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth tall, but not bushy or uniform. One of the most beautiful roses grown; very large and with great substance. Lady Pirrie. H.T. Deep coppery reddish salmon, inside of petals apricot- yellow — varies, lighter w-ith us; mild perfume; fifty-six blooms throughout the season; growth very strong and bushy. Fair for decorative purposes; only good for cutting in cool weather. Lady Plymouth. T. Deep ivory-cream, very faintly flushed; mild perfume; twenty-eight blooms throughout the season; growth bushy, with good number of canes, but not exceptionally tall. A good rose and an improvement in the well- known type of yellow Teas. Mrs^ A. R. TVaddell. H.T. Rosy scarlet bud, opening reddish salmon, reverse of petals rosy scarlet; mild perfume; fifty-seven blooms throughout the season on Multiflora; growth above the average. An excellent decorative rose. Chrissie MacKellar. H.T. Intense crimson-carmine crayonings on rich, deep, ochrey madder, becoming bright orangey pink as the bloom develops; perfume mild; sixty-five blooms throughout the season on two-year-old plants; growth splendid — high, strong and bushy, with many canes. Easily established and well adapted for decorative purposes. For garden decoration, except in the extreme North, some of the Hybrid Teas give better results than any other class. The best of these in the four shades are : Mme. Jules Bouche, in the Ught; Lady Ursula, in the pink; Gruss an Teplitz, in the red; Chrissie MacKellar, in the yellow. For climbing roses in the South, while the Wichuraiana and hardy Climbers will do well, their blooming season is so short compared with other roses which may be grown that they are not recommended. THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL There are so many well-known Climbing Teas, Noisettes, and Climbing Hybrid Teas which give good results and from which bloom may be expected during the entire growing season, that it is not considered advisable to recommend as yet some of the newer European introductions of supposedly hardy roses which are put out as being of everblooming habit. Alister Stella Gray. N. Deep yellow with lighter edges; flowers in clusters. Beile Lyonnaise. T. Canary-yellow. Celine Forestier. N. Fairly free-flowering; old-gold. Cloth of Gold. N. Sulphur-yellow, deeper center; large; double. Gloire de Dijon. T. Buff, orange center; large and double. Perhaps the hardiest of the Tea Climbers, but giving more bloom than the Hybrid Tea sports, a two-year-old plant having two dozen blooms the first week of Novem- ber, 1916, in the latitude of Philadelphia. Should be budded on Multiflora for the best results. Marechal Niel. N. Bright rich golden yellow; large, full, fine form. Mme. Alfred Carriere. H.N. Pure white; very free, k good pillar rose. W. A. Richardson. N. Very deep orange-yellow; small; very showy and distinct. Shower of Gold. H.W. Light cream to pale yellow; spring only. Foliage fair. Ards Rover. Cl.H.P. Color is crimson shaded maroon; medium size; good form; blooms in the spring only; flowers come on short stems; has a fair petalage and is very fragrant. Christine Wright. Cross between Caroline Testout and a Wichuraiana seed- ling. Placed with Hybrid Tea Climbers on account of the fact that its flowers are large and double, borne singly and in clusters; good form, with a perfect bud and good petalage; color is wild-rose pink; blooms best in spring. A few scat- tering flowers in autumn. A very satisfactory climbing rose. Foliage lasts well. Climbing American Beauty. Cl.H.P. Rich rosy crimson; strong, vigorous growth. Gives remarkable amount of spring bloom, often with long stems; practically no summer or fall bloom. Loses foliage early. Climbing Kaiserin Augusta Victoria. Cl.H.T. Primrose, of same form and color as the dwarf rose of the same name; very beautiful, but only gives scat- tering blooms throughout the season, although the best bloomer of the Hybrid Tea climbing sports. Climbing Lady Ashtown. Cl.H.T. Salmon-pink, not quite so good form as the dwarf rose of the same name; gives fair amount of bloom in spring and an occasional bloom during summer and early autumn. Takes mildew more easily than most of this class. Climbing Mme. Melanie Soupert. Cl.H.T. Salmon-yellow, suffused car- mine; large, full, perfect form; has given more bloom than majority of the Climb- ing Hybrid Tea sports. Climbing Mrs. W. J. Grant. Cl.H.T. Imperial pink; medium to large and good form; blooms fairly well in the spring with scattering blooms in the sum- mer and autumn. Climbing Richmond. Cl.H.T. Pure red-scarlet; bloom similar to the ordi- nary dwarf Richmond; of fair form only and blooming less freely in the autumn and summer than in the spring. Dr. W. Van Fleet. H.W. Reported to be a cross between a Wichuraiana and Souv. du President Camot. It is a Hybrid Wichuraiana, but on account of the ROSES WORTH WHILE FOR EVERYBODY tl form of the bloom is placed with the Hybrid Tea Climbers. Is more hardy than the Hybrid Tea sports and is of a soft flesh tint shading to delicate peach-pink; gives a bloom on somewhat longer stem than the average Climber; blooms well in the spring and scattering blooms thereafter. Foliage very good and lasts quite well. Mary Lovett. H.W. In this Dr. Van Fleet has brought out another Wich- uraiana Hybrid, a cross between a seedUng Wichuraiana and Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, and termed a "white Dr. Van Fleet." This rose has done well during 1916 and is strongly recommended. Loses foliage early. Mme. Hector Leuillot. H.T. Golden yellow, tinted with carmine in the center; large; full; gives scattering blooms throughout the entire season; most attrac- tive color. Reine Marie Henriette (Madame Berard [of Gloire de Dijon] X General Jacqueminot). H.T. Deep cherry-red; blooms prolifically in the spring, the flowers being of good form and petalage, and fragrant; it occasionally gives blooms in summer and autumn. Climbing Clothilde Soupert. CI. Poly. This is a Climbing Polyantha which has done well for some growers. The blooms are double, the color silver-flesh to shell-pink. In addition to these, the Banksian and Cherokee roses are very successful in this section, and Pink Cherokee and Ramona are reported to give scattering blooms throughout a long period. Second or Moderate Division In this section the list of forty-eight roses recommended for the South are by all odds the best for all-round use and are pref- erable to the Hybrid Perpetuals on account of the longer bloom- ing season, although the Hybrid Perpetuals given for the North may be grown for spring bloom. The exception to this is that, in the Pacific Northwest, the Hybrid Perpetuals give a long period of bloom and may be grown to advantage. It must be realized, however, that in the northern part and in especially exposed localities these Hybrid Teas are not so hardy as the Hybrid Perpetuals, but in such districts, with careful hilling up, they may be cultivated successfully. In this section, for climbing roses, the Noisettes, Climbing Teas, and Hybrid Teas recommended for the South winterkill except in the extreme southern part — in fact, much north of Washington these require special winter protection; therefore, for this area the Hybrid Wichuraianas and Hybrid Polyantha Climbers are recommended, as the new climbing introductions have not yet given sufficiently satisfactory results to be in- cluded. 28 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL American Pillar. H.P. Large clusters; dark pink with a white center and yellow stamens; very large; single. Similar to Evergreen Gem. Foliage lasts quite well. Aviateur Bleriot. H.W. Clusters; saffron-yellow, center golden yellow. Foliage lasts quite well. Dorothy Perkins. H.W. Trusses; single; light pink. Foliage lost quite early. Eliza Rohichon. H.W. Trusses; single; rose, shaded old-gold. Especially good for covering banks. Holds foliage well. Evangeline. H.W. Single; white, tips of petals carmine-pink. Excelsa. H.W. Trusses; double; brilliant scarlet. A Crimson Rambler with good foliage which lasts especially well. Bloom of Troubadour almost identical with Excelsa. The best red climber of the class. Gardenia. H.W\ Clusters; bright yellow, paler as flowers expand; very pretty in bud-form. Foliage very good and lasts well. Do not confound with Gardenia of Soupert & Notting, which is inferior. Goldfinch. H.Poly. Pale orange, changing to white; semi-double; trusses. Reported stronger in the extreme North than the Hybrid Wichuraianas. Hiawatha. H.Poly. Single; crimson, center pure white to cream. Loses foliage early. Jean Girin. H.W. Description given by Admiral Ward, as grown on Long Island. Absolutely hardy as a climber; almost the same as Dorothy Perkins. In the fall has a second blooming period, when it gives approximately haK the number of blooms produced in the spring. Foliage lasts quite well. Silver Moon. Said to be a cross between R. W^ichuraiana X Cherokee. Extra large; single; silver-white with golden yellow stamens; of remarkably strong growth; very distinct. Foliage lasts well. Tansendschon. H.Poly. Soft pink; large clusters. Foliage lasts fairly well. Reported hardier in the North than the Hybrid Wichuraianas. Veilchenblau. H.Poly. Lilac changing to amethyst and steel-blue; medium size; produced in large clusters. Lower foHage lost early. Third or Northern Division The best roses for cut-flowers for this section are the Hybrid Perpetuals. There is no yellow rose of merit of this class, and therefore one of the Hybrid Austrian Briers (Pernetianas) is included in the hst, as it is hardier than any of the yellow Teas or Hybrid Teas, and is of fair enough form for cut-flower pur- poses. Baroness Rothschild. Pale rose. Captain Hay ward. Scarlet-crimson; perfmned. Fisher Holmes. Deep velvety crimson. Frau Karl Druschki. Snow-white, sometimes lightest pink blush at center. Geoffrey Henslow. Orange-crimson; classed as a Hybrid Tea, but with Hybrid Perpetual characteristics; sweet. George Arends. Delicate rose; scented. Gloire de Chedane Guinoisseau. Bright vermilion-red, shaded velvet; very large. Gloire Lyonnaise. Very pale lemon; wonderful foliage, and except in the extreme North may be grown as a pillar or hedge rose; small to medium-sized ROSES WORTH WHILE FOR EVERYBODY 29 flowers; never develops seed-pods; classed as a Hybrid Tea, but with Hybrid Perpetual characteristics; tea fragrance. Hon. Ina Bingham. Silver-pink; semi-double; classed as a Hybrid Tea, but with Hybrid Perpetual characteristics. J. B. Clark. Deep scarlet, shaded blackish crimson; classed as a Hybrid Tea, but with Hybrid Perpetual characteristics; fragrant. Madame Gabriel Luizet. Light silvery pink. Margaret Dickson. White, pale flesh center. Merveille de Lyon. Syn., White Baroness. White, center slightly peach. Mrs. George Dickson. Delicate soft pink; fragrant. Do not confound with George Dickson. Mrs. John Laing. Soft pink; fragrant. Mrs. R. G. Sharman-Crawford. Deep rosy pink, outer petals shaded with pale flesh. Oscar Cordel. Bright carmine; sweet. Paul Neyron. Deep rose. Prince Camille de Rohan. Deepest velvety crimson; this variety has rather a weak stem; fragrant. Suzanne Marie Rodocanachi. Catalogued as soft pink — in this country more of a cerise — very much the same shade as Dorothy Page Roberts; fragrant. Ulrich Brunner. Cherry-crimson; sweet. Urania. Bright crimson. Xavier Olibo. Very dark crimson; a shy bloomer. Soldi d'Or. Per. Orange-yellow to reddish gold, shaded with nasturtium-red. The best roses for garden decoration in the north are the Rugosas and their hybrids, which give bloom fairly well through- out the season. These are also good farther south for massing and hedges. Rosa rugosa alba. Single; white. Rosa rugosa rosea. Single; pink. Rosa rugosa rubra. Single; red. Atropurpurea. Blackish crimson, passing to maroon-crimson. Blanc Double de Coubert. Double; paper- white. Conrad Ferdinand Meyer. Clear silvery rose, especially good in bud-form. Dolly Varden. Light apricot-pink with a yellow base; blooms well but is not of as large growth as the other varieties mentioned. Hansa. Double; reddish violet. Mme. Charles Worth. Semi-double; rosy carniine. Mrs. Anthony Waterer. Semi-double; deep crimson. For climbing roses in this section the same varieties which are recommended for the second division are the best, although these may require some protection in the extreme north. New Introductions While it is always a gamble to order varieties which have not been thoroughly tested for at least two years, there are a few of so THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL the new roses not included in the foregoing Hsts which are worthy of mention. It will be understood that these are the best of a large number of new roses which have been tried out, and while they cannot be thoroughly recommended they are neverthe- less promising. Of the great army of new introductions which are constantly being brought out here and abroad there is only a very small percentage which are worth cultivating in this country, and the novelties of the past three years have been no exception to this rule. Los Angeles. H.T. Flame-pink, shaded to yellow, toned with salmon, much on the order of Lyon rose. Gives promise of being a good bedding variety Yd\h. some value for cutting. Reported to be a strong grower and a good bloomer. Mme. Marcel Delanney. H.T. Pale pink or soft rose, shaded with hydrangea- pink; good growth, good foUage and stem; fine perfume. Not a profuse bloomer but a remarkable rose for cut blooms and with a possibility of being an all-round variety. Melanie Niedieck. H.T. Vivid lemon-yellow; shows remarkably good growth for the first year; foliage good and holds well; medium size, especially attrac- tive in bud-form; color fades quickly. Good bloomer, but only fair for cut- flower purposes. National Emblem. H.T. Dark crimson, overlaid velvety crimson shading to vermilion toward the edges. A rose of beautiful and distinct color and fine form for a red; good foliage and fair growth for the first year, combined with hardiness. Red Radiance. H.T. A sport from the well-known Pink Radiance. Attrac- tive in color. Not yet thoroughly tested, but from reports a rose worthy of cultivation. Tipperary. H.T. A nice light yellow; medium size; good foliage; fair per- fume; shows fair to strong growth; fine bloomer. Titania. C. Coppery crimson in the bud, changing as the flowers open to deep salmon-red, the base of the petals being shaded with clear yellow. Very much the color of Daily Mail, although a trifle lighter, having better growth the first year, and more petals. Has been perfectly hardy, and is going to be a fine bloomer, with plenty of fall bloom. Medium to fair size; only a trace of per- fume. Promises to be a fine bedding variety. The Editor will welcome detailed notes on the merits, demerits, or peculiarities of garden roses, mailed to him at Harrisburg, Pa. RECENT GARDEN ROSES 31 Selections from Recent Garden Roses By AARON WARD, Roslyn, N. Y. Editor's Note. — Among the few rose-gardens in America that deserve fame is that of Admiral Ward. To a Ufelong love for the rose he adds the advantage of acquaintance with and knowledge of the great European hybridizers, from whom he receives their productions at the earliest moment. His judgment of varieties is founded upon discrimination and knowledge. THE varieties named below are grown in my garden on the north shore of Long Island. Soil, sandy loam and clay. For a number of years it has been the practice here to make an annual comparative list of the varieties received during that year for the first time, usually four to six plants of each sort. They may have been just put on the market or may have originated earlier. Some have been secured in advance of gen- eral distribution. They are recorded, however, as a class for the year in which planted, which indicates at a glance how long they have been grown here. Thirty-six months after planting they are either increased in numbers, tolerated, or evicted. The varieties named are Hybrid Teas, except where other- wise noted. They are all grown as dwarfs (bush roses), and the blooms are mostly double. All are autumnal bloomers, and are budded stock, usually on seedling brier. An attempt is made to give an idea of the style of growth as well as color. This is of importance in forming groups or beds. 1910 Friedrichsruh. (Turke.) Deep red; dwarf, bushy. General MacArthur. (Hill.) Scarlet-crimson; tall, bushy. George C. Wand. (Alex. Dickson.) Scarlet-orange; moderate, bushy. Lieutenant Chaure. (Pernet-Ducher.) Crimson; tall, bushy. Mme. Edouard Uerriot. (Pernet-Ducher.) Per. Terra-cotta; tall, spare. Mme. Segond Weber. (Soupert & Notting.) Rosy salmon; low, bushy. Mrs. Harold Brocklehank. (Alex. Dickson.) Creamy white; tall, spare. Souv. de Gustav Prat. (Pernet-Ducher.) Sulphur-yellow; moderate, bushy. Willowmere. (Pernet-Ducher.) Per. Shrimp-pink; tall, spare. Selected from a total of fifty-six varieties. 1911 Alice de Rothschild. (Alex. Dickson.) T. Citron-yellow; moderate, bushy. Bertha Gaulis. (Bernaix.) Rosy pink; tall, spare. Herzog von Anhalt. (Welter.) Salmon-rose; tall, bushy. Jonkheer J. L. Mock. (Leenders.) Deep rose; tall, bushy. Mme. Antoine Mart. (Mari.) T. Blush- white; moderate, bushy. Radiance. (Cook.) Carmine-rose; tall, bushy. Selected from a total of thirty-seven varieties. 32 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL 1912 New plants almost exclusively Climbers. 1913 Admiral Ward. (Pemet-Ducher.) Crimson; tall, bushy. Constance. (Pernet-Ducher.) Per. Golden yellow: moderate, spare. Mi^s Cynthia Forde. (Hugh Dickson.) Rose-pink; tall, bushy. General-Superior Arnold Janssen. (Leenders.) Carmine; tall, spare. Lady Alice Stanley. (McGredy.) Silvery pink; moderate, spare. Mme. Colette Martinet. (Pernet-Ducher.) Deep yellow; moderate, bushy. Mrs. Chas. Hunter. (W. Paul.) Rose-pink; tall, bushy. Ophelia. (W. Paul.) Salmon-flesh; moderate, bushy. Selected from a total of thirty-four varieties. The following names are taken from varieties under observa- tion since the autumn of 1914. They are not recommended or vouched for in any way, except to those who are willing to take a chance on something apparently worth notice. It is reasonably certain that a number of these names will disappear and that others may be added in the final analysis. 1914 Duchess of Wellington. (Alex. Dickson.) Saflfron-yellow; moderate, bushy. Edith Part. (McGredy.) Red and yellow; moderate, bushy. Grand Duchess Adelaide. (Soupert & Notting.) Per. Yellow; moderate, spare. Lady Greenall. (Alex. Dickson.) Saffron-orange; tall, spare. Lady Doume. (W. Paul.) Buff; tall, bushy. Mrs. F. W. Vanderbilt. (McGredy.) Per. Coppery rose; moderate, bushy. Primerose. (Soupert & Notting.) Creamy yellow; moderate, bushy. Total number of varieties planted, thirty-eight. 1915 Bertha Kiese. (Kiese.) Light yellow; moderate, bushy. Countess Clanwilliam. (Hugh Dickson.) Peach-pink; moderate, bushy. E. M. Burnett. (McGredy.) Pink; moderate, bushy. *Franklin. (Pernet-Ducher.) Per. Coppery rose; moderate, bushy. Golden Emblem. (McGredy.) Per. Golden yellow; moderate, spare. Hoosier Beauty. (Dorner.) Crimson; moderate, spare. Mrs. Wemyss Quin. (Alex. Dickson.) Per. Lemon-chrome; moderate, spare. National Emblem. (McGredy.) Dark crimson: moderate, bushy. * Raymond. (Pernet-Ducher.) Per. Coppery red; moderate, bushy. Souv. de E. Guillard. (Chambard.) Saffron; moderate, bushy. Souv. de M. Mulnard. (Dubreuil.) Salmon-pink; moderate, bushy. Total number of varieties planted, twenty-seven. 1916 Crimson Champion. (Cook.) Crimson; moderate, bushy. Grange Colombe. (Guillot.) Creamy white; tall, bushy. Red Radiance. (Gude.) Red; tall, bushy. Red Radiance. (A. N. Pierson.) Red; tall, bushy. Total number of varieties planted (spring), twelve. ♦Under observation as unnamed seedlings since 1913. Permanent aelections. Pl\te III. New Hybrid Tea rose, Mrs. Henry Winxett (See page 30) ROSES AT EGANDALE 33 Rose Bloom Records at Egandale By W. C. EG AN, Highland Park, Illinois Editor's Note. — One of the most important gardens in America is that of Mr. W. C. Egan, on the shores of Lake Michigan. The tests of hardiness and blooming quality from this great garden cannot but be of great importance to all in similar climates. Egandale is cold and windswept in winter, but a moving feast of loveliness all of the growing season. I AST year I concluded to make a test here of Hybrid Teas, J as to their blooming qualities as "bedders," and also to test their hardiness and suitability to this climate. I planted forty-two varieties, the dormant plants being set out March 21, 1915. They had a good "rose summer," rather cool and moist, to get started in, and gave plenty of blooms. They all wintered well under a hilled-up soil protection. I took no count in the summer of 1915, wanting to get them well established before I called upon them to demonstrate their abilities. This year, a very unfavorable one for roses, I kept an account of the number of blooms produced. As I was test- ing for bedding qualities, I did not disbud. The subjoined account of the results will be interesting to other amateurs who feel, as I do, that a rose must be consid- ered somewhat in relation to its freedom of bloom. As may be noticed, I divided the count into two sections, one being the number of blooms produced prior to August 1, and the other afterward. It seems singular to find the popular budding rose, Caroline Testout, No. 17 on the list. The season may have something to do with it. The following is a list of roses that held their flowers well up and fairly well up during heavy rains: Held well up. — Mme. Jules Bouche, Mme. Jenny Guillemot, Jonkheer J. L. Mock, Gustav Griinerwald, Caroline Testout, Lady Ursula, Killarney, Grossherzog Friederich, Mrs. F. W. Vanderbilt, Duchess of Westminster, Mrs. Wakefield Christie- Miller, Radiance, Ecarlate, and Pharisaer. Held only fairly well up. — Mrs. George Shawyer, Antoine Rivoire, Lady Alice Stanley, Mme. Edouard Herriot, Mrs. Aaron Ward, and La Tosca. 34 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL TEST AS TO BEDDING QUALITIES OF HYBRID TEA ROSES Count of blooms for season of 1916 at Egandale on Hybrid Tea roses, second year planted, three plants each; no disbudding. The summer was unusually hot and trying. Name of variety Average blooms prior to August 1 Average blooms after August 1 Average blooms per plant for the whole season 1. Ecarlate 431^^ 75 118% 2. Killarney 27 25% 52% 3. La Tosca 26% 18% 45 4. Grossherzog Friederich . 19% 25 44% 5. Radiance 26 16 42 6. LadvAshtown(two plants) 17 17% 34% 7. Ophelia 16% 18% 34% 8. Majestic 18 15 33 9. Mrs. A. R. Waddell . . . 16 15% 31% 10. Mrs. Aaron Ward .... 14 17% 31% 11. Lady Ursula ...... 18% 12 30% 12, Duchess of Wellington . . 8 22% 30% 13. Florence Pemberton . . . 10% 19% 30 14. Pharisaer 15% 13 28% 15. Viscountess Folkestone 13 13% 26% 16. Souv. de Gustav Prat . . 10% 15 25% 17. CaroHne Testout .... 14% 10 24% 18. Lady Alice Stanley . . . 13% 10% 23% 19. Mme. Leon Pain .... 9% 14 23% 20. Prince de Bulgarie . . . 12 llH 23% 21. Gustav Griinerwald . . . 9 14 23 22. General MacArthur . . . 8% 13% 22 23. Lieutenant Chaure . . . 10% 11 21% 24. Willowmere 14% 7 21% 25. Lady Pirrie ...... 10 10% 20% 26. Duchess of Westminster . 10% 9% 19% 27. Laurent Carle 8% 10% 19% 28. Mme. Ravary 8% 9% 18 29. Farbenkonigin 10 7% 17% 30. Antoine Rivoire 12 4% 16% 31. Dean Hole (first year) . . 4 12% 16% 32. Mme. Jules Bouche . . . 6% 9% 16% 33. Earl of Warwick .... 7 8% 15% 34. Mme. Melanie Soupert . 9 5% 14% 35. Mrs. Wakefield Christie- MiUer 9 5 14 36. Mrs. F. W. Vanderbilt . . 6 7% 13% 37. JonkheerJ.L. Mock (buds come bull-headed) . . 4% 8% 13 38. Mme. Jenny Guillemot . . 6% 6% 12% 39. Chateau de Clos Vougeot (weak grower) .... 6 5% 11% 40. Mme. Edmond Rostand . 5% 5% 11 41. Mrs. George Shawyer . . 4 6% 10% 42. Louise C. Breslau .... 7 2% 9% E. G. HILL'S FORTHCOMING ROSES 35 E. G. Hill's Forthcoming Roses By SARAH A. HILL, Richmond, Ind. Editor's Note. — What the veteran rose-grower of Indiana does with his half-century's experience is always interesting and important. Miss Hill here gives us a look into the immediate future. A note received just as the Annual is going to press, from Robert Pyle, a most capable rose-observer, indicates his belid that these new Hill roses are of great value and importance. MR. HILL has continued actively his work in rose hybridi- zation, of which some report was printed in the 1916 American Rose Annual. From the 1914 crosses there were germinated over 2,500 seeds. Each little plant was given special culture, being planted in a bench where it received the same care as that required by the most important forcing varieties. In 1915 the first weeding out of the seedUngs occurred, and by 1916 the 2,500 seedlings had been reduced to about 800. These were tested in blocks of five, receiving the most rigid attention and critical scrutiny. By the opening of 1917, the seedlings have been reduced to some fifteen sorts which Mr. Hill considers worth while going farther with. Of this fifteen several have been selected, named and registered, and propagation is proceeding with the idea of later dissemination. No. 392, which has been registered as Columbia, is one of the two roses to be sent out in 1918. It has OpheUa blood crossed with Mrs. Shawyer. The color of the bud is rose-pink, and it opens into a very large, full flower which deepens and brightens in color as the bloom expands. The plant grows freely, and the young growth is quickly produced. The stems are long and stiflF, and the ample bronzy green foliage is itself of great beauty. It will thus be noted that this rose gives great promise as a forcing variety. No. 128 has been registered as Double Ophelia, and the name well describes the rose. It has fifty or more petals of pure pink, with golden base, and a bright pink center. It is of perfect form, very fragrant, and has fine lasting qualities. Ophelia was one of its parents, the cross being with an unnamed seedling variety. It will be ready for dissemination in 1918. 36 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL No. 427 is registered as Rose Premier. It is the result of a cross between Ophelia and Mrs. Charles Russell. The deep rose- colored flower is of the largest size, of perfect form, and of notable fragrance. These great flowers are borne on long, erect stems, furnished with foliage of large size and fine appearance. America, indeed, is as fine in leafage as American Beauty. In company with the two seedlings above described, it is full enough to be of imposing form, and we have found it to keep well, while opening readily on the forcing-bench. America will be ready for the rose world in 1919. No. 1238 has been named Mary Hill. It is a cross between Ophelia and Sunburst. The flowers of mammoth size are cream, with orange center, and while the rose is no fuller than Sunburst, it holds its form well. Most remarkably effective not only because of its individual color, but because the calyx and sepals are striking in color and beauty. These flowers are freely pro- duced on strong, erect stems, graced with broad, heavy and dark green foliage. It is hoped to have Mary HiU ready to dis- tribute to the world at large in 1919. Others of the fifteen sorts are full of promise and will be reported upon later. It may be observed that all of these roses are selected primarily from the forcing or commercial cut-flower standpoint, but it is by no means improbable that several of them may also prove as fine for outdoor use as General MacArthur. The New American Roses of 1917 By THE EDITOR IN no sense is this heading intended to suggest an inclusive treatment of present-day American achievements in rose- growing. It does include the roses which are illustrated in two of the colored plates and three of the sepia plates found within the covers of this book. These "Made in America Roses" would be encouraging if they were not particularly excellent, as emphasizing the trend toward American production. Careful and capable American growers are working with devotion and thought toward bring- Plate IV. Fred H. Howard's new American rose, Los Angeles Three-fo\irths natural size NEW AMERICAN ROSES 37 ing into existence varieties not handicapped by the more genial dimate in which the foreign roses originate. While it is true that much of the work being done is toward the production of green- house roses, or rather of roses used primarily for cut-flower blooming in greenhouses, it is yet true that many of those pre- viously produced under similar conditions in the United States have eventually proved to be good garden roses. It is believed, therefore, that the whole effort is an encouraging one, in its endeavor to provide better roses for America. Other articles detail the work of hybridizers not discussed in the paragraphs immediately succeeding. The Editor has written wholly concerning the illustrated roses. JOHN cook's unnamed SEEDLING When, in October of 1916, the Editor called upon that veteran Baltimore rose-grower whose fine achievements have been in evidence in the production of such roses as Radiance, Panama, My Maryland, Francis Scott Key, and others, he was taken to a hillside greenhouse without any statement as to what was to be seen. Mr. Cook courteously held aside the door of the greenhouse, and the writer entered. Instantly his eyes were attracted by a long bench of blooming roses, the sight of which caused him to quicken his steps and to say, *'Why, what is this? It looks like a glorified La France!" With a slow smile, Mr. Cook said, "That is what we call it as far as we have gone, and this rose is what I brought you to see." It is the "glorified La France," then, which is now discussed. A volume would not add to the compact description which this provisional title affords. In an emphatic sense the rose is "great," as that adjective is applied to indicate an upstanding and notable character, both in stem, in foliage, and in flower. Mr. Cook had counted petals repeatedly, and his statement may be accepted as authoritative when he says that the rose averages ninety-two petals. It is, therefore, an exceedingly full and double rose, resembling in that respect certain of the newer productions of E. G. Hill, another half -century American rose- making veteran, who has also used Mrs. Charles Russell in his breeding. (Mr. Cook's new rose is a cross between Frau Karl Druschki and Mrs. Charles RusseU.) 38 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Fragrance was not expected in a rose of the parentage of Mr. Cook's seedling, but nevertheless it is there, and singularly like La France. This new rose has not yet been grown outdoors, and while it may fail as a garden rose, its Druschki blood would indicate to the contrary. Flowers have been exhibited, and, as Mr. Cook has put it, they caused embarrassment as shown in the window of his Baltimore store, because of the insistent demand for them which could not be met. Just a word as to this fine old veteran rose-grower himself. The visitor to John Cook is impressed by the fact that he is much more than a rose-grower. About his hospitable home are grouped representative trees, both deciduous and coniferous, which Mr. Cook himself has reared, and under the shade of which he now enjoys the singular and delightful advantage which a consistent tree-planter receives. He is interested in everything that grows, and the rose is not the only flower which has benefited by his hybridizing touch. It is quite proj>er to announce that the "glorified La France," yet unnamed, is not now in commerce and that plants are not now available. LOS ANGELES It was early in 1916 that mail contact with Mr. Fred H. Howard, of Los Angeles, California, brought to the Editor's garden certain plants labeled "Seedling 101." Admiring the vigor, both of the plant and of the stock on which it was budded, these roses were early put into the ground. They started with unreasonable promptness, grew with unusual vigor, and bloomed both earlier and stronger than it was right to expect newly trans- planted material to do. The flowers were most attractive and different. Though the coloring is similar to several of the Perne- tiana roses, it is deeper, and the vigor and foliage of Los Angeles commend it as utterly different. The color picture printed in this Annual was produced from blooms grown in the writer's garden on these newly transplanted plants. There is httle reason to doubt that Mr. Howard has provided us with an American rose of great value for outdoor use, and a very distinct advance on any foreign introductions. NEW AMERICAN ROSES 39 MRS. HENRY WINNETT The rose knows no international boundary line, wherefore this first production of a capable Canadian hybridizer is as truly and wholly American as if it grew farther south. The Editor has not himself seen in bloom Mr. John H. Dunlop's new rose, wherefore he quotes from the description of Wallace R. Pierson, a most particular and well-informed Ameri- can rose-grower who visited the Dunlop place at Richmond Hill, Ontario, in November, 1916, to see and study the new production. He writes that Mrs. Henry Winnett is a seedling from Mrs. George Shawyer and Mrs. Charles Russell, so that it certainly holds hands across the sea as between parentage English and American. Its foliage is characteristic of Mrs. Shawyer, and the observer reports it as a "big, strong, rank- growing rose, in color almost as dark as Hadley." He adds, ''Though Mr. Dunlop has registered the rose as 'brighter than Richmond,' it is not only brighter but darker than that variety. The color undoubtedly comes from its grandparents, and through Mrs. Charles Russell from the fine General Mac Arthur strain. Dunlop's rose has the fragrance of Hadley, though not quite so pronounced. It gives every indication of being a first- class forcing rose, and judging from the parentage and growth characteristics it should make a good garden rose." It is only proper for the Editor to explain to the unacquainted amateur that the references above make plain the fact that Mrs. Henry Winnett is a red rose, and of a most attractive character. It is not to be offered for public purchase until some time in 1918. ALIDA LOVETT Dr. W. Van Fleet is responsible for the production of many of the best American-bred climbing roses. He is also to be credited with an improved form of Crimson Rambler, in the rose known as Philadelphia, and with several exceedingly good Rugosa hybrids, chief among which is Sir Thomas Lipton. Recently Dr. Van Fleet has put into commerce three roses included in the Lovett family, of which Alida Lovett is the one illustrated. A hybrid between Rosa Wichuraiana and a Hybrid Perpetual rose as pollen parent, it is of vigorous climbing habit 40 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL and proved hardiness, having been under observation since 1909. The habit of growth and form of flower resemble Dr. W. Van Fleet, but the color is better, being described as "a Uvely bright shell-pink, with shadings of rich sulphur at base of petals." HOOPEs' *'no. 48" It was that fine old botanist and nurseryman, Josiah Hoopes, who many years before his death started James A. Farrell, his capable assistant in the great nursery at West Chester, toward proper rose hybridization and breeding. The result of this work ought to add to the fame both of Mr. Hoopes and Mr. Farrell, for three better climbing roses than Christine Wright, Climbing American Beauty, and Purity have not yet been produced. The same work has proceeded, and Hoopes' "No. 48" is now under close observation and trial, with a favorable prob- ability attending it. The picture presented in Plate VI, facing page 48, tells the story adequately. The Editor has not yet seen this rose, but he has the authority of Mr. Wllmer Hoopes, of the firm of Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., for the statement that it is a beau- tiful light pink in color, while the photograph shows that it has the charming and distinct habit of bloom and form of flower characteristic of Climbing American Beauty. Like that variety, it can readily be so trained as to make of it a large bush effect. It should be understood that the Editor of the American Rose Annual is in no sense interested in the promotion of any of these roses, nor can he more than pass on the consideration of them to interested rose-growers, with his own belief in their general value. If we here in the United States could produce twelve good roses out of every dozen new seedlings, we would be excelling the performance of our friends across the sea by about two thousand per cent. That more than half of the recently introduced American-bred roses have proved substantially worth while in this climate is an evidence of the value of the work being done, and it is somewhat on this basis that these roses are now mentioned in this book of record. Plate V. New Hybrid Wichuraiana rose, Aijda Lovett (See page 39) ON THE 1916 ROSE FIRING-LINE 41 On the 1916 Rose Firing-Line By W. VAN FLEET Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Editor's Note. — Among several thoughtful articles upon rose-breeding printed in the 1916 Rose Annual, Dr. Van Fleet's presentation on "Possibili- ties in the Production of American Garden Roses" was particularly interesting and important. Several careful breeders of roses have written of their con- ception of its valuable suggestions, and it was undoubtedly one of the most important record statements on the rose ever presented. The paper which fol- lows brings the reader up to date with Dr. Van Fleet's progress. It will be remembered that Dr. Van Fleet has produced many of our best hardy climbing roses. One just being introduced, "Alida Lovett," is pictured on Plate V, facing page 40. THE past season did not prove especially favorable for rose pollination among hardy roses in the open, but a fair proportion of hand-fertilized seeds was secured from most of the species and varieties worked with. In March many pol- linations of the Cherokee rose, Rosa Icevigata, in its typical form and in its pink-flowered varieties Anemone and Ramona, of R. BanksicB, R. xanthina, R. rugosa, R. multiflora, in newly imported types, and a few other species, with a considerable variety of Tea and Hybrid Tea roses, were made at the United States Plant Introduction Garden, Chico, Cal., with very flat- tering immediate results; but early drought unfavorably affected the development of the hips and only a small propor- tion came to maturity. Some sound seeds of most of the crosses were secured, how- ever, R. Banksioe giving the smallest yield, and a few have already germinated. Only double-flowered varieties of the Banksia rose are available at Chico, and they are rarely fruitful. It is to be hoped that the primitive single forms can be secured for breeding purposes, but they appear exceedingly rare in cultivation. The typical Cherokee yielded a satisfactory crop, consider- ing the adverse conditions. No fruits matured in the pink varieties, though the pollen of Anemone appeared effectual on other species. During May and June, though much hampered by rain, very numerous cross-pollinations were made at Glenn Dale, Md., between new hardy Chinese species, including R. setip- 4^ THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL oda, R. Moyesii, and R. sertaia, and promising garden and bed- ding varieties from the American Rose Society's test-garden at Arlington, Va. The fruits of the Chinese species, with few exceptions, were unfavorably affected by the great humidity of the late summer months, but pollen-crosses of all the new species were secured. More than the usual number of pollina- tions of the older exotic and native species were made, with very fair success in the outcome. Some very striking hybrids of R. Wichuraianay R. rugosa, R. Soulieana, and R. pomiferay the results of crosses made in 1913-14, were bloomed, and propa- gations made from the most promising for future trials. Among second-generation crosses of R. Soulieana and Hybrid Teas there appeared a dwarf, compact plant bearing a profusion of double, fragrant blooms, white with creamy centers, throughout the entire growing season. This newcomer is of the general character of R. Pissardii {R. moschata var. nas- tarana)y favorably known in European rose-gardens, but appears to be a more profuse bloomer as grown here. The original form of R. Soulieana, imported about 1904, winter- kills about Washington, but seedlings are quite hardy. A few hybrids with varieties of R. gaUica have handsome double blooms, white or clear pink in color. A plant of the type, main- tained in a greenhouse, makes tremendous growth but does not bloom, and the same is to be said of R. Leschenaultii, a native of northern India, which throws canes twenty feet long but produces no blooms. This latter is attractive in foliage and habit, but is too tender for northern localities. After many years of effort and the sowing of innumerable seeds, there has at last appeared two fairly vigorous seedlings of the prized Harison's Yellow rose. They are from chance or self -fertilized hips, all seeds from controlled pollinations hav- ing consistently failed to grow, and strongly resemble their parent. Blooms are awaited with interest, as some influence of R. spinosissima or species other than the yellow-flowered R. lutea may be looked for. Rosa Hugonis up to this time yields seedlings inferior in vigor and attractiveness to the species, both from chance and carefully controlled pollinations. The seeds, though abundantly produced, are low in germinative powers, scarcely one in a THE BASIS OF MERIT IN ROSES 43 thousand coming up the first season after planting. It is to be hoped that this unusually attractive introduction will in time prove amenable to breeding influences, and give us some of the hardy, constant blooming, yellow varieties we are all waiting for. Rosa Fargesiiy mentioned on page 36 of the 1916 Rose Annual, turns out, on no less authority than Dr. E. H. Wilson, to be a deeply colored variety of the very handsome R. Moyesii, but is well worth preservation for its horticultural value. Two new double-flowered white varieties of R. rugosa that seed with some freedom have been developed, and much progress has been made with dwarf everblooming seedlings of R. Wich- uraiana in the third and fourth generations of dilution from the wild type. It appears as if much can be looked for from this particular line of breeding work. The Basis of Merit in Roses By JESSE A. CURREY Editor's Note. — It is obvious to any thoughtful rose-lover that catalogue descriptions of roses do not always describe. It is also obvious that among the hundreds of catalogued varieties in American commerce there are many actual or approximate duplications. Further, there are now accessible for critical compari- son in several of the rose test-gardens large collections of varieties, affording opportunities to determine duplications, and to select the best roses. Each year new roses are introduced, for each of which claims of superiority are made. It is believed that there is a real rose-hunger in the United States, and that neither the present varieties nor the present supply of plants will satisfy it. If the less desirable varieties can be dropped; if the new sort is judged critically and fairly, upon a uniform and orderly scale, so that it may be recognized at its true value; if the aspiring rose-grower can have access to accurate and reliable records, then certainly more of the better roses will soon be available. For the purpose of providing a scientific basis of determining merit in roses, the acute amateurs who have jointly worked out the plan which follows, have for many months given not only study but actual garden trial to that plan. It is therefore presented as a proper basis upon which to determine rose values; and it is hoped that in 1917 its application to the test opportunities of the var- ious test-gardens under the wing of the American Rose Society will result in the accumulation of data of great value to all concerned in rose progress. Suitable blanks for judging upon this plan may be obtained upon application to the Editor. ANEW system for scoring seedling roses has been devised by George C. Thomas, Jr., Dr. Robert Huey, of Philadelphia, and the writer. The system provides a far more complete means of judging and marking the individual characteristics of a rose than any system before proposed. 44 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL It has been designed for the scoring of outdoor-grown roses, and the primary intent of the makers of the schedule is that it shall be used in considering seedling roses. For the purposes of accurately rating roses, we have first arranged three divisions of the qualities the valuable rose should possess. These are called "Individual Qualities," "Form," and "Habit and Growth." The number of points for each quality has been arranged on the metric system as a matter of conve- nience, and the total number of points is 100. Under the heading of "Individual Qualities" has been in- cluded all those characters which mark one rose above another, viz. : novelty y color, fragrance, and lasting quality. Under the division of "Form" the qualities considered are shape, substance, petalage, and size. Under "Habit and Growth" the qualities marked are bloom- ing, hardiness, foliage, growth, and stem. In making the new schedule certain standards are estab- lished to which a rose should attain before it can obtain a per- fect score, and this is particularly true of petalage. A standard for blooming quality has also been established, the rule being that a plant which produces fifty blooms after the first year shall receive a perfect score for this quality. The standard for scoring stem is based on the length of stem back to the first branching. The new system of scoring is as follows : Individual Qualities — 30 points, divided as follows: Novelty (5 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: 1. With roses of any established class, the improvement or distinctiveness of the color, fragrance, lasting, shape, size, substance, petalage or stem, with regard to the bloom. The improvement of the hardiness, foliage, or growth, with regard to the habit of the plant. 2. With roses of any new class, the distinctiveness, indi\4duality, and im- provement over classes already established. Any new rose which is to receive an award as a new variety must have filed with the society under whose auspices it competes a certified pedigree, if that is known, or a certificate giving as many facts as possible with relation to its origin if the entire pedigree is unknown. Color (10 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: Uniformity, both as to shades and markings; clearness and beauty of the color; and free- dom from splotches, muddiness, and objectionable shades. Fragrance (5 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: Abundance and refinement. THE BASIS OF MERIT IN ROSES 45 Lasting (10 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: 1. The lasting of the color of the flower cut and uncut. 2. The retention of the fragrance of the flower cut and uncut. 3. The lasting of the form of the flower, as a bud, as partly opened, and as a full-blown rose, cut and uncut. Form — 25 points, divided as follows : Shape (10 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: First, to con- sider the type of rose being judged, and to compare the exhibit with a rose of perfect shape of that type. In regard to exhibition varieties, the most desired shape is a long spiral bud, which as the rose opens, maintains a high pointed center. Roses which are short in bud, and which open flat, should be adversely scored. Substance (5 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: 1. To consider the type of rose being judged and to compare the exhibit with a rose of perfect substance of that type. 2. The weight or thickness of the petals. Petalage (5 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: First, to con- sider the type of rose being judged, and to compare the exhibit with a rose of perfect petalage of that type. In considering Hybrid Teas, Hybrid Perpetuals, Pernetianas, and other types of roses used for exhibition, first, the shape of the petals shall be considered; and second, the number of petals. A rose of this type, to score the maximum under this quality, should have approximately forty petals. A single rose shall be one which has from four to ten petals; a semi-double rose shall be one which has from eleven to twenty- five petals; a double rose shall be one which has over twenty-five petals. Size (5 points). Condition to be considered in judging: To consider the type of rose being judged, comparing it with a rose of perfect size of that type. Habit and Growth — 45 points, divided as follows: Blooming (15 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: Length of the blooming season; continuity of blooms; and number of blooms produced. In judging Hybrid Teas, Pernetianas, and other tj^jes of roses which bloom throughout the entire growing season, and which, on account of their beauty and length of stem, are useful as cut-flower varieties, a plant which, after the first year, produces fifty blooms should receive the maximum number of points for this quality. Hardiness (10 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: To con- sider the type of rose being judged and to compare the exhibit with a rose of perfect hardiness of that type, noting particularly the amount of winter-killing and the extent to which the variety is affected by extreme heat or other climatic conditions. Foliage (10 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: 1. The quality and substance of the foliage. 2. The lasting qualities of the foliage duri i^ the entire growing season. 3. The immunity of the foliage from mildew, spot, and other diseases. Growth (5 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: To consider the type of rose being judged and to compare the exhibit with a rose of perfect growth of that type; special attention being given not only to the vigor of the plant and the number of canes produced, but also to the uniformity and even balance of the growth. In judging Climbers or Ramblers, the strength and length of the shoot bear- ing the blooms and the branching habit shall be especially considered. 46 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Stem (5 points). Conditions to be considered in judging: The length and strength of the stem which carries the bloom. In judging exhibition varieties the following points shall be scored: A plant on which the stem carrying the bloom is 6 inches in length shall receive 1 point; from 6 to 8 inches, 2 points; from 8 to 10 inches, 3 points; from 10 to 12 inches, 4 points; over 12 inches, 5 points. Providing that, in each case, the stem shall be of sufficient strength to properiy carry the weight of the bloom. A review of these rules shows that the subject has been thoroughly studied. Without doubt the system will give more complete and accurate information as to the exact qualities a seedling rose shows than the former arbitrary scoring. It is time the real rose-growers of America got away from the haphazard way in which the merits of roses have been passed upon, and get down to some sort of a standard system based upon scientific principles. Much labor has been spent in pre- paring the new schedule, and we do believe it provides the means of ascertaining the true value of each quality of a rose tested. Under the old system the matter of judging a rose was largely left to the individual preference of the judge, who saw only the rose in bloom, and practically knew nothing about its other qualities, whereas under the new schedule the rose is given a scientific and accurate rating. What is the use of having test- gardens unless the roses tested there are reported upon in a scientific manner, and given a consistent marking? With such reports to compare, the net value of a rose could be found. The schedule is not complicated when in actual use. A member of the Committee writes : "I employed it last summer in my own garden, and with the score-card designed to go with it, the matter of compiling the record is largely mechanical. The items of novelty, color, shape, fragrance, size, and substance are judged under the new schedule practically the same as they are under present methods, but we have endeavored to define these qualities more clearly, simply as a means of guidance to the judges. In passing upon the other qualities in the new sched- ule, such as lasting, petalage, blooming, hardiness, foliage, growth, and stem, the matter of getting the data to guide the judge is purely mechanical. "We have added qualities as individual qualities which were previously not considered; for instance the matter of petalage. Frequently this was con- founded with substance; to prevent this confusion we made petalage a separate and distinct quality, for certainly the number of petals is an important factor in the general good of the rose. In addition to this we have endeavored in estab- lishing petalage as a quality, to set a standard for a single rose, a semi-double rose and a double rose." Methods of Rose-Growing EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION The keynote of the 1917 American Rose Annual is the fostering of rose hybridization and rose propagation in America. In line with this endeavor it has seemed worth while to call attention to certain methods of propagation not so extensively practised as is desirable, even though none of the methods in mind are new. Dr. Huey's admirable article on "Propagation by Budding" is particularly important as it relates to the use of the Japanese Multiflora stock, in connection with the consideration of which readers are referred to the bloom details given in Mr. Thomas's article, page 21. A distinct and most effective method of own-root propagation is set forth in Mr. Beadle's following article, which has had to do with a large practice. The Editor confesses with regret that it has been very difficult to get from the great rose center at Springfield, Ohio, either details or statistics concerning the tremendous production of roses originating there. What Mr. John M. Good has written in the article following under this head is therefore particularly im- portant as detailing a practice followed very extensively. Nor has it been easy to get details as to the quantity of roses actually raised in America in outdoor nursery fields. One firm, Bobbink & Atkins, of Rutherford, N. J., grew in 1916 a great field of roses budded on Multiflora, the stock commended below by Dr. Huey. The Jackson & Perkins Co., raised large quantities of roses in Central New York, budding upon imported stock. (See Plate VII, facing page 73.) Propagation by Budding By ROBERT HUEY, Philadelphia Editor's Note. — Dr. Robert Huey has been a devoted rosarian for a full generation, and he writes from the standpoint of knowledge as well as interest. In Mr. Good's article on "Springfield Roses" the claims for own-root roses are fully set forth, and it is therefore appropriate to thus hear from one who based his opinions about budding upon long experience. It is also in point to note that three plans for rose-increase are set forth in these pages, recording the state of propagating progress in 1917. The illustrations were drawn from photographs supplied by Dr. Huey. AFTER some forty years of experimentation with various £\_ methods of growing roses, the writer is convinced that with most of the dwarf roses the best results can be ob- tained only by budding upon a suitable stock — Manetti for the Hybrid Perpetuals, Brier cuttings and seedling Brier for the Hybrid Teas and Teas; while all three classes can be success- fully grown on seedlings of the Japanese Polyantha Multiflora. Budding is practised to secure a more vigorous root-action (47) 48 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL and consequently greater growth and development. It is not necessary to consume time and space to prove this, for the con- sensus of opinion with all amateur rosarians in the United States who have tried both budded and own-root plants is overwhelm- ingly in favor of budded stock for dwarf roses. For the Hybrid Wichuraianas and other strong-growing varieties, nothing can be gained by budding, for there is no stock on which these could be worked that would add to their vigor. They do better on their owti roots than when budded. Most of the amateur rosarians in England grow annually a bed of stocks on which to bud favorite or rare varieties, and there is no good reason why we in the United States should not follow their good example. The process of budding is simple and easily learned, and the results more than repay the slight amount of trouble and work involved. There is also a great amount of satisfaction to the amateur in producing good plants that will compare favorably with any he may purchase. The American amateur today is entirely dependent on the nurseryman or the dealer for new plants, therefore the writer, looking hopefully forward to the time when there shall be *'a rose for every home, a bush for every garden," offers this little contribution to the brotherhood to which he so proudly belongs, in an effort to speed the welcome day. The Japanese Polyantha Multiflora has proved to be a good stock for most of the Hybrid Perpetuals, Hybrid Teas, and Teas in this climate. It is of very vigorous growth, and its seedlings mature rapidly. Seed sown in a southeastern window of a dwelling- FiG. 1. Plant of Miiitiflora, housc ou February 9 produced plants large rea y or u ng. euough to sct iu the opcu grouud early in May, and to bud in August. Of nineteen buds set at this time, sixteen *'took;" but three were lost during the winter. If the buds are inserted on the collar between the first "break" and the roots, there will be no suckers; but if the stocks Plate VI. New Hardy Climbing rose. Seedling No. 48 (See page 40) PROPAGATION BY BUDDING 49 are grown from cuttings, the usual risk of suckers being thrown out will be encountered. The best buds are obtained from a flowering shoot at the time that the bloom is fully open. The upper bud is usually not so "plump" as the others. If so, it should not be used, but the others will generally be in the right condition. When the shoot is cut, the groups of leaves should be removed, leaving half an inch of the footstalk at each bud for convenience in handling. With a sharp knife cut the bud from the cion, beginning at a point half an inch above the bud and ending half an inch below, removing the bud with a small portion of the wood .^^fiTL^. attached. (See B, and C, Fig. 2.) Then, with the point of the knife inserted between this layer of the wood and the bark, remove the wood carefully and the bud is ready for insertion. If on removing this layer of wood a deep indentation appears beneath the bud, this is evidence that the wood is too ripe and that the eye has been removed. Seek a less ripe shoot. Remove the soil carefully from around the stock, exposing the upper roots, and wipe clean. Plan to insert the bud at the collar, i. e., that portion of the stock between the uppermost root and the first shoot. This space is usually from an inch to an inch and a quarter in length, and affords ample space for a suc- cessful operation. Be sure that your budding-knife is sharp, for you always need a clean cut. Make a longitudinal incision through the bark one inch in length and a crosscut of about one quarter of an inch at the top of the longitudinal incision, but do not cut into the wood any deeper than necessary. Insert the thin bone handle of the budding-knife into the incision at the top and gently separate the bark from the wood on both sides the full length of the cut, about a quarter of an inch wide. (See A, and D, Fig. 2.) If the bark does not separate readily, the stock is not in the best condition for the success of the operation. Soak the plant Detail of rose budding. A, the stock, with slit out for insertion of bud. B, the rose shoot. C, bud cut from ahoot. D, bud inserted in stock. E, wrapping of raffia. 50 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL and adjacent ground thoroughly and wait two days, when you will find that the bark will separate satisfactorily. The bud should be cut now (not before) and inserted by sliding it under the bark, beginning at the top and gently push- ing it down. If any portion of the bark projects above the cross- cut, trim this off evenly. If the lower end of the bud is cut to a triangular point, it can readily be pushed to place. Bring the edges of the cut together and tie tightly with wet raffia, beginning below the cut and ending above it. Be sure that every portion of the cut is covered and that the edges are drawn tightly to the bud, but dexterously pass the raffia around the eye as it must not be covered. (See E, Fig. 2.) Do not remove any branches from the stock unless it is necessary to get at the collar, in which case cut out one or two of the lowest. The more wood left, the greater the flow of sap. Be sure that no dirt gets into the incision or on the bud. Do not cover the bud with earth, but protect it from the sun's rays. The north side of the stock will be found the best in which to insert the bud, in this climate. The operation is now com- plete until February, when the entire top of the stock should be cut off clean, about half an inch above the bud. If upon examination it is found that the bud has not "taken," the stock should not be cut back, but budded on the other side the following June. As soon as the bud begins to grow, a light stake should be driven close to the plant and the new growth tied to it, that it may not be blowTi out by high winds until firmly established. The plant should be taken up in the autumn and placed in its permanent home, with the bud set about two inches beneath the surface. One or two plants of the Japanese Polyantha Multiflora in every garden will yield sufficient seed from which to raise a hundred or more stocks*. *Botanically, the "Japanese Polyantha Multiflora" is merely a variety of Rosa mul- tiflora from Japan. The "Polyantha" part of the name has no special significance, it is believed. — Editor. THE TRENCHING METHOD 51 The Trenching Method of Rose Propagation By C. D. BEADLE, Superintendent Biltmore Estate, Biltmore, N. C. Editor's Note. — Several years ago, during a visit to the then operating Biltmore Nursery, the Editor was shown a method of propagating roses on their own roots which seemed notably simple, efficient and economical. The plan was later mentioned to other rose nurserymen in various parts of the country, but without finding anyone actually familiar with it. Most propagators insisted that it was simply the old "layering" method, somewhat modified. Because of this misunderstanding, and in order to present the details of a very meritorious plan of rose production, Mr. Beadle was asked and has consented to describe his "trenching process," with suitable drawings. I DO not know that there is anything original or unique in the "trenching process," as we style this particular method of propagating; but it has very materially expedited our handling of several rather refractory subjects that, in some cases at least, are better on their own roots than are similar grafted or budded plants. It is no easy matter to produce some kinds of roses on their own roots in a practical, commercial way; and it was not until we had stumbled on and somewhat perfected the plan of which the Editor has asked details that we were able to anticipate such propagations with any degree of certainty or satisfaction. Take, for instance, the Brier roses (like Persian Yellow, Austrian Copper, Penzance Sweetbriers), Damask roses (of which class the parti-colored types, such as York and Lancaster, are in active demand), and several other classes which have heretofore been handled almost exclusively as budded or grafted plants, and we find that they are susceptible of easy multipli- cation by the trenching process. But why not continue to bud or graft them when Manetti or similar stocks are so plentiful and cheap.? That is just the point. We have on several occasions furnished considerable quantities of such types of roses which were worked on standard stocks, for mass and hedge planting, and the results, in the hands of amateurs, were invariably disappointing in a com- paratively short time. Only yesterday we were looking over a hedge of that exquisitely beautiful rose of the Rugosa type, Parfum de I'Hay, than which, in color and fragrance, no rose is 52 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL more captivating. More than half the growth was from the stocks, and the cions in many instances were not only eclipsed but suppressed or decadent. It was to perfect and protect this kind of planting that the trenching method of propagating was inaugurated. We have found it equally practicable with ■Gi-ound Line ^^^~CoVer lOith earth to this linQ Fig. 3. The roses budded in trench propagation. lilacs, flowering almonds (forms of Prunus triloba and P. nana), and a number of other shrubs that are usually unsatisfactory as budded or grafted plants. The process is simplicity itself. First, we select the plants that we desire to propagate from, either budded, grafted, or own-root stock, and plant them out in nursery rows in an almost horizontal position, spacing the plants closely, so that they lap over each other as shown in the drawing (Fig. 3). The next step is to provide a covering of earth almost sufficient to conceal the plants from view, and to arrange that the rows are depressed enough to provide for a further filling as the growth advances, as shown in cross-section drawing (Fig. 4). Fig. 4. Cross-section of trench after planting. Fig. 5. Cross-section of trench after a season's cultivation. By the end of the season the ordinary field cultivation afforded by horse-drawn cultivators will have a tendency to fill up the depression or even to heap it up to some extent, as shown in cross-section drawing (Fig. 5). At the close of the first growing season, or at any convenient time during the dormant period, the trenched plants are dug up and the vertical shoots are severed from the horizontal stems SPRINGFIELD ROSES 53 at the lowest possible point. Sometimes the parts so selected will be found with some adhering root-system; but this is not essential. The chief thing is to have acquired a goodly portion of root-bark — a covering or tissue quite different from the por- tions above the ground-hne. These *'cuttings," with their root- bark or developing root-systems, are then planted out in nursery rows, or in cutting-beds, and grown for one or more seasons, until independent and merchantable plants have matured. It is really surprising the quantity of such "shoots" or sprouts that can be obtained, and, as intimated above, often with a more or less developed root-system — especially if the cultivation has resulted in covering the original plants with sufficient depth of earth. Springfield Roses By JOHN M. GOOD, Springfield, Ohio Editor's Note. — While the pages of this Annual are in no sense contro- versial, they are inclusive. Writers of whose fine spirit and honesty there can be no doubt differ as to methods of propagation, and it is proper that all such views shall be presented. Mr. Good has grown and disposed of many millions of roses, and he writes of the small-plant own-root summer-propagation method with conviction. It is certain that roses can be grown in the "Springfield" way at a low cost per plant, not taking account of size, etc., and that these same small plants can be transported to the customer cheaply. I AM asked to write an article on roses, and as I know but little about roses, except the kind that are grown at Spring- field, hence the caption "Springfield Roses." You ask why "Springfield Roses?" Because there is a rose grown in Springfield and within a short distance of this point that is not grown elsewhere — not grown abroad, not grown east, not grown west, not grown north or south. How may it be distinguished in its production from roses grown elsewhere? There are three ways to propagate roses. The winter increase in roses is by two of these methods: First, where the wood is taken from growing plants and placed in warm propagating-beds. The wood for this method may be either grown under glass or may be taken from the field in warm climates. Second, where the wood is taken dormant, either from glass or field-grown plants, late in the fall or winter and 54 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL placed in cool beds. Both of the above methods are known as * 'winter propagating." Now we come to the Springfield plan. The wood is taken from plants grown under glass during the late spring, summer or early fall months, at a slight increase of temperature over that of outdoors. The cuttings are placed in warm beds; when potted are placed under glass and are grown to the proper size during the summer. They are then hardened off and go through the winter in a dormant condition as to the Hybrid Perpetuals and hardy roses, and in a semi-dormant condition as to the Hybrid Teas, Teas, and the more tender varieties. The claim made for it — which it is amply able to uphold — is that all the unnaturalness of forcing out of growing season is eliminated, both in the production of the wood and the growth of the plant; so the slogan "Own-root, summer-propa- gated, winter-rested roses, produce the best results." The "proof of the pudding" is the ever-increasing sale for the Spring- field rose. "Duplicate my order of 50,000 rose plants of last spring and add 20,000 in the following varieties." Then again, "We have tried so and so and so and so's roses, have tried to grow them ourselves and here we are back; and believe me, we will stick. Never had anywhere near the success we have had with your roses." There are few roses that may not be successfully grown under the Springfield plan. Usually, many varieties of Hybrid Teas and Hybrid Perpetuals are stubborn propagators under the winter plan, while under the summer plan they are easy. All know that Frau Karl Druschki is classed as a "hard one to propagate," yet under the summer method it roots "like a weed." The results in the garden are pronouncedly successful when intelligent cultivation is employed with the small plants. They surprise all who plant them, and this fact undoubtedly tells the story of the rapid increase from year to year of their planting. One order for 500,000 of one variety tells its own story. This article is not an advertisement of the Springfield rose, and is not so intended. The Springfield rose advertises itself; the demand is greater than the supply even with the many acres of glass working to their full capacity. Rose Importations By THE EDITOR IN 1915 the President of the American Association of Nursery- men in an address made a statement with respect to the importation of roses into the United States which challenged attention. In consequence of this statement, and through the cooperation of Mr. F. L. Mulford, of the Department of Agri- culture at Washington, data has been secured as to the impor- tation of roses and rose stocks into the United States for four fiscal years beginning with 1913. A table graphically presenting the facts of importation follows on the next page. It should be noted that the fiscal years in question end with June 30 in each year. There is no separation as to the kinds of roses, of course, but it is certain that the quantities named are those upon which duty was paid to the United States within the period covered. Certain interesting parallels may be drawn. Belgium, for instance, furnished 25,196 rose plants in 1913, but the impor- tation had fallen to 1,223 in 1916. The exportation of roses from England has increased almost 1,000 per cent in four years, and for 1915 exceeded that increase. It appears that France has been sending us many roses right through the war, and also that the quantity of rose stocks im- ported has increased materially in the last three years. The figures with respect to Holland are significant, both as to rose plants and rose stocks. Taken in total, it appears that as compared with 1913 we received in 1916 nearly 43 per cent more rose plants, and about an equal increase occurred in importations of rose stocks. Com- bining these two large items the increase is the same; that is, the importation for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1916, was 43 per cent in excess of that for the fiscal year of 1913. Comparing with 1914 the increase is much greater. A careful study of these statistics is worth while to any rose- grower. It would seem that present conditions warrant in- creased production of rose material in the United States. (55) CO) O O 00 00 05 ®t O O CO o CO • »c »o . 1> CO »o o . o« 00 "-I »f5 « »0 !« »0 CO o< •^ l-- »C ■* F-l ""f »< l> o »o *^^ '-' ■*. CO »C TjT o* »< .-H 00 GO I— I CO *0 ''? 0« O (X i> O i-i OO . rH . en ti m2 go5 CO >h3 o o o O Tf< O ■"t, R, ®. co" 05' of »* o 00_^-*^ c o o o o o • o . o* o . CO "«?< 00 I-I CO 00^ W5 00" »c O l-H »o co" .3 o o o »o 00" o<" 00 o< o o W5 O «»» o • 05 • O O J> 00 o CO l> coco' »o o CO CO CO 00 t> tC C5 <»« 0< f-H (« CO^TjJ^ i-Too'co ■* 1-H CO CO 00 00 CO 10 1-H U5 "* l> • »l i-h" Oi • 00" l-H 00 "* o >o 10 CO O^O CCCDO t^-^O O CO '* co^ -to ■<«'-• ■ c» oi c£ o" • o* • o" • • 00" «* i> CW CO i> 00 O Ci . I— I • -^ . . 1^ of »C l-H CO o t- CO l> o l-H 00 i-H r— I »io »» CO »» OS » O U5 1> CO CO f-H »C O 00 CO • tP »0 »< J> . co' CC O' <3^' o -* o »o »J X »i CO »i o» O 0< Tf Tjl O) OS CO o •c Si W) 9 cS 3 £.||J-i«Sj|i-§ mm o How to Conduct an Amateur Rose Show EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION The American Rose Society has fostered and perfected methods for con- ducting great national rose shows in which professional growers compete with greenhouse-grown roses for substantial prizes. It is now desired to suggest the holding of many shows in which may be exhibited during the June rose month the best flowers amateurs can produce. The notable success of the annual shows of the Syracuse Rose Society; the equally interesting shows held in Ontario, as detailed on page 89; the great amateur exhibitions held each year in the Pacific Northwest — all these point the way, and emphasize the desirability of fostering the showing of roses in friendly competition at their natural maximum bloom time. Obviously, by reason of the difficulty of shipping June roses to any distance, these shows must be rather closely local in character, and are found to be successful when even of but one day's duration, including the receipt, staging, judging, and open exhibition. An existing organization can take up the holding of a rose show, or a half- dozen or more interested persons might form a local rose society, communi- cating with the Secretary of the American Rose Society for details as to aflSli- ation, medals, etc. Monthly meetings can be made interesting in discussing rose subjects, looking at lantern-slides which may easily be rented, and otherwise taking up the improvement of rose conditions. It will be found, usually, that the local newspapers are glad to help in pro- moting knowledge of the attempts of those who wish to increase interest in and enjoyment of the rose. If an exhibition is arranged, announcement should be made from one to two months previously, so that interested amateurs may properly prepare to compete. Experience is always a good guide; wherefore the following letter from Mr. James Boyd, secretary of The Main Line Flower Show Association in Pennsyl- vania, will be of service: "I am glad to tell you of the very successful rase exhibitions of the Flower Show Association of the Main Line.* All lovers of flowers are in\ated to exhibit, whether members of the Association or not. No entrance fees are charged. It is an amateur's show exclusively and exhibits are not desired from commercial growers. In fact, several of the prizes are exclusively for exhibitors who culti- vate their own gardens. In these classes any member who employs a regular gardener cannot compete. "We send entry cards with our schedule of prizes, and permit entries at any time before 11 a.m. on the day of the show. The entry cards which designate the number of entries in each class are presented to the clerk who sits at a desk just within the door of the exhibition hall. He furnishes for each entry a tag bearing the number of the entry and the number of the class in which it is to be exhibited. The exhibitor must attach this tag to his exhibit conspicuously. These tags are like small shipping tags and have strings so that they can be tied around the stem of a vase or to a flower-stem. We require that all exhibits shall be dehvered with tag properly attached, at the door of the exhibition room before 11.30 a.m., but we do not allow the exhibitors or *The "Main Line" is a localism referring to certain residential communities on the Pennsylvania Railroad within twenty miles of Philadelphia. — Editor. (57) 58 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL gardeners admission to the exhibition until after the judging has been com- pleted. "The tables are such as are ordinarily used for large lunches and banquets, being mounted on wooden horses, and all being of uniform Avddth. We cover them with brown paper, tacking the edges underneath, and we divide the classes by means of light strips of wood about the size of a lath, which are painted green. These sticks extend across the table and can be moved up or down according to the number of entries in the class and the room required for same. In each space we have a small metal stand holding a card bearing the number of the class. "The exhibition committee is composed mostly of ladies, and they have been most successful in the grouping and arranging of the exhibits. The classes do not necessarily follow one another in sequence, but those for climbing roses and for large displays are put on the stage or against the walls, or wher- ever they will show to the best advantage. No climbing roses are admitted with a branch or spray over three feet in length. We make quite a feature of floral decorations suitable for the house, and have prizes for the most artistic arrangement of a center-piece suitable for the dinner table and another for the most artistic arrangement in vase, bowl, or basket for hall or library table. These exhibits are usually placed on small round tables which are covered with a white cloth. They are not confined exclusively to roses. All perennials are admitted, either by themselves or in combination with roses. We exclude, however, everything that has been grown with artificial heat. "We give no cash prizes, but have a number of handsome silver cups, some donated by individual members, and others given by the Association itself. Some of these cups, such as one for the best display of thirty blooms — five each of six named varieties, in separate vases — have to be won three times to become the property of the exhibitor, and he must be a member of the Asso- ciation. In the regular classes for Hybrid Perpetuals, Hybrid Teas or Teas, we limit the number of blooms to three, giving a prize for the best vase of red, three blooms, one named variety; best vase of white, three blooms, one named variety, etc. As a rule we give two prizes for each class, and in the climbing roses we give a class for each color and a prize for the best vase of two branches, one or two named varieties. Our prizes in addition to silver cups are rosettes, quite like those ordinarily used at horse shows. We use blue ribbon for the first, red for the second, and yellow for the third. "By excluding gardeners and exhibitors from the hall before judging, and having the exhibits arranged by an exhibition committee composed mostly of ladies, we are able to get very beautiful and artistic effects. We make no charge for admittance, and the more visitors we have the more pleased we are." Details and Classification for Amateur Shows By JESSE A. CURREY, Portland, Oregon NO one, I believe, has ever prepared an ideal classification list for a rose show — that is, a classification which some individual or group of individuals would not criticize — but usually when such criticisms are investigated it is dis- covered the complaint arises from the fact that the classifica- AMATEUR ROSE SHOWS 59 tion does not fit the garden of the critic. Through an experi- ence of several years of being associated with or actively engaged in staging the largest amateur rose show in the United States, I have formed certain ideas of what a rose show, particu- larly for amateurs, should endeavor to accomplish. The main object in arranging a show for amateurs is first to give them encouragement to grow better and more roses, to educate them how to do it by exhibiting the accomplishment of other amateurs, and by providing a series of classes in which every amateur feels he will be competing on an equal footing with other amateurs. Small gardens should never be compelled to compete against large gardens except in certain what might be called "free-for-all" or open classes in which only a limited number of blooms are required to be exhibited; for nothing will so quickly kill the interest of an amateur of limited means or garden space as when he is compelled to compete against an extensive grower. The name of an exhibitor or means of identifying the owner of an exhibit should not be seen until after the exhibit has been judged. This can be managed by having each exhibitor draw from a box perforated tags numbered in duplicate, one tag for each exhibit to be made. When the exhibit is staged, one end of the tag is fastened to the exhibit, the other end bearing the duplicate number is placed in a locked box after the exhibitor has written on it his or her name and address. After the displays have been judged the box containing the duplicates is opened by the proper officials and the exhibit can then be identified. I also feel that the organization having charge should provide all equipment such as vases, baskets, etc. One class should provide for the display of one rose from each garden. The rose entered is supposed to be the best rose the exhibitor has in his garden on the day of the show. No feature of a show is more interesting than a display of individual specimen blooms, staged in boxes of the size and shape required by the National Rose Society of England. With the roses placed in Foster tubes or similar devices and with a backing of fresh green moss, the individual character- istics of each bloom are so emphasized that the spectators spend more time around such displays than they do in any other part 60 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL of the show. In arranging the box exhibits there should be classes calling for six, twelve, eighteen and twenty-four speci- men blooms, and with four such classes both the large and small grower will find room to compete. Displays in baskets are always attractive, and they should be governed as to the num- ber of blooms to be shown, for no basket should contain less than twelve or more than twenty -five roses. Every show should provide classes limited to displays arranged solely by women, and if the managers of the shows keep this in mind they will have some enthusiastic supporters and workers to make the show a success. These classes for women can be either for table decorations or the making of a corsage bouquet. No exhibitor should be permitted to take more than one prize in any one class. He should be permitted to make as many entries as he desires in any class, except the one calling for the one best bloom from the garden. Every effort should be exercised to have all roses on exhibi- tion properly named, and penalties should be provided where a person "doctors" or dresses a bloom so as to alter its character. The status of an amateur should be clearly defined, and no one who sells rose plants, rose blooms, or a person in the employ of a nurseryman, although he may want to exhibit from his own home garden, should be permitted to compete against the real amateur. Follo^ang these general suggestions, I propose the following classification, leaving to the manager of each show the number of prizes which should be awarded in each class or section : Division 1 — General Competition Section A — Exhibited in vases. Best bloom from the garden. No more than one rose shall be exhibited from any garden. Section B — Exhibited in regulation boxes. Class 1 — Six roses, separate named varieties. Class 2 — Twelve roses, separate named varieties. Class 3 — Eighteen roses, separate named varieties. Class 4 — Twenty-four roses, separate named varieties. Section C — Exhibited in baskets. Not less than twelve or more than twenty- five roses in a basket. Class 1 — Basket of red roses. Class 2 — Basket of pink roses. Class 3 — Basket of white roses. Class 4 — Basket of yellow roses. Class 5 — Basket of roses of mixed colors. AMATEUR ROSE SHOWS 61 Section D — Exhibited in vases. Class 1 — Six sprays of any one named variety of climbing or pillar roses. Class 2 — Twelve sprays of any one named variety of climbing or pillar roses. Class 3 — Six sprays of any one named variety small climbing or rambling roses. Class 4 — Twelve sprays of any one named variety smaU climbing or ram- bling roses. Section E — Exhibited in vases or baskets. Class 1 — Display of brier or decorative rose of any one named variety. Class 2 — Display of single-flowered roses of any one named variety or mixed variety. Class 3 — Display of baby or Polyantha roses of any one named variety. Section F — For women only. Class 1 — Tea-table decorated. Only blooms permitted are roses. Ferns, smilax, or other greens permitted for decorations. Section G — For amateurs who have never won a prize. Class 1 — Six separate named varieties exhibited in regulation boxes. Class 2 — Three roses of any one named variety exhibited in vases. Class 3 — Basket containing not less than twelve or more than twenty-five roses, either one named variety or mixed varieties. Division II — For Gardens of Less than Fifty Bushes Section H — Exhibited in vases. Class 1 — Three Hybrid Tea roses of any one named variety. Class 2 — Three Hybrid Perpetual roses of any one named variety. Class 3 — Three Tea roses of any one named variety. Section I — Exhibited in vases. Class 1 — Seven Hybrid Tea roses of any one named variety. Class 2 — Seven Hybrid Perpetual roses of any one named variety. Class 3 — Seven Tea roses of any one named variety. Section J — Exhibited in bowls or vases. Not more than twenty-five roses. Class 1 — Twelve or more red roses of any one named variety. Class 2 — Twelve or more pink roses of any one named variety. Class 3 — Twelve or more white roses of any one named variety. Class 4 — Twelve or more yellow roses of any one named variety. Class 5 — Twelve or more roses mixed as to colors. Division III — For Gardens of More than Fifty Bushes Section K — Exhibited in vases. Class 1 — Seven Hybrid Tea roses of any one named variety. Class 2 — Seven Hybrid Perpetual roses of any one named variety. Class 3 — Seven Tea roses of any one named variety. Section L — Exhibited in vases. Class 1 — Twelve Hybrid Tea roses of any one named variety. Class 2 — Twelve Hybrid Perpetual roses of any one named variety. Class 3 — Twelve Tea roses of any one named variety. Section M — Exhibited in bowls or baskets. Not more than fifty roses permitted. Class 1 — Twelve or more red roses of any one named variety. Class 2 — Twelve or more pink roses of any one named variety. Class 3 — Twelve or more white roses of any one named variety. Class 4 — Twelve or more yellow roses of any one named variety. Class 5 — Twelve or more roses mixed as to colors. Section N — Exhibited in baskets. Class 1 — Best basket of fifty or more blooms of either one color or mixed. The Rose All Over America EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION That universal flower, the rose, owns America, and is recognized as supreme in floral sovereignty in a land otherwise most democratic. It is the aim of the American Rose Society to extend and perfect the sway of the queen of flowers until there is "a rose for every home — a bush for every garden." We gladly hear, therefore, of rose progress in various parts of the continent. The rose test-gardens maintained under the auspices of the Society are now becoming well established, and in 1917 there will undoubtedly be throngs of people seeing and loving roses in consequence. The data from these gardens are later to be made helpfully available, and elsewhere in this Annual will be found the suggestion of an orderly arrangement for judging the varieties as they bloom. We welcome this year the foundation of the Portland National Rose Test- Garden, under peculiarly favorable circumstances. A Great Rose-Garden and Its Message By G. A. PARKER Superintendent of Parks, Hartford, Conn. Editor's Note. — On page 69 of the 1916 Rose Annual were given the details of construction, maintenance and cost of the first municipal rose-garden in America, in which continues the first and yet the best of the several rose test- gardens supervised by the American Rose Society. Mr. Parker, who prepared that article, and who is easily the leader among American park superintendents, is an able and practical worker, obtaining results in park administration that serve as a model. That Mr. Parker is an idealist as well is indicated by the poetic message which follows. THE Editor of the Annual asks, WTiat of the EUzabeth Park Rose-Garden last year? The answer: it has given its message to all those who have come within its borders. What is that message? Let us reason together, and see. Man was driven out of his Garden of Eden, and kept from returning by the flaming swords of weakness, disease, despair and death, but with the banishment was given the knowledge that he could return through redemption and love, and through all of his stumblings and wanderings and misdeeds this assur- ance has upheld him. In another garden, which was an Eden to it, even though it was the swamp and wilderness, grew the wild bramble, covered with thorns, with dull divided leaves, and a single flower with (62) A ROSE-GARDEN AND ITS MESSAGE 63 many stamens. Weak in stem, depending upon a neighboring tree for support, or groveling on the ground, a plant of no use to man, yet it appealed to him, for it was typical of his own cast- out position. He took the bramble, planted it by his hearth- stone, cultivated it, and changed its stamens into petals. Its dull, broken leaves came into great brilliancy and beauty, and behold ! the double rose as we now know it, with its message of love and its earnest of the new life to come, symbolic of the journey of both the man and the rose! Success has come out of the wilderness and swamp, even though subject to the con- suming power of insects and habits, and the cankering effect of fungi and sin. These are overcome by the skill of the gardener and of the spirit. Both are maintained only by eternal vigilance. But what of the message the rose is telling us? It is saying that our thorns may be lessened in number and kept for protection and not for injuring our neighbor; that our daily struggle for existence may become like brilliant leaves free from insects and fungi and absorbing and assimilating the needs of life from our environments; that our thoughts, even though like narrow filaments, may expand into broad velvety petals; that our emotions, even though a dull monotone, may receive a most glorious coloring, worthy to be the shrine of the Goddess of Beauty, an earnest of the promise of the Creator that we may enter a new Garden of Eden. So, the rose has become the companion of man, going with him wheresoever he goeth, growing in his garden, and by his door-step, decorating his rooms, and his tables; placed in the button-hole and at the corsage; worn in the hair and on the breast; going with the bride to the altar; shielding the form in the casket and remaining with us at the grave, everywhere a symbol of love and good will, of hope and courage. What is the answer to this message.'^ If accepted, the answer is happiness. If rejected, the answer is hate. You ask, what of the Rose-Garden last year? The answer is that it has cast its blessings over greater numbers than ever before. That a larger proportion of visitors have carried away its benediction, and that is the reply "Mistress Elizabeth Park" would have her "Rose-Garden" send to you. 64 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL The Garden Clubs and the Rose By MRS. FRANCIS KING, Alma, Michigan Editor's Note. — Certainly one of the most influential women of America in garden circles, Mrs. King has had much to do with organization work. She is president of the Woman's National Agricultural and Horticultural Associa- tion, and a vice-president of the Garden Club of America. Her recently pub- lished book, "The Well-Considered Garden," is of notable value. THE Editor has asked me to tell the little that I know con- cerning the interest of the garden clubs of this country in the flower celebrated in the American Rose Annual. The outstanding fact seems to be the pleasant one that almost none of the garden clubs pass a summer without either a lecture on the rose or a show of the same flower. Rose shows are very common among the clubs, perhaps especially among those on Long Island where roses flourish so remarkably. It is impossible not to attribute this fact partly to the nearness of the great garden of Admiral Aaron Ward and to his known generosity toward less-experienced amateurs. Through the medium of the garden clubs, too, we shall develop, if I am not mistaken, a group of good amateur writers on the rose. Two articles of uncommon charm and excellence I have in mind in saying this — one wherein the subject was the writer's own rose-garden, the other the June pictures in the nursery of one of the foremost rose-growers of the country. The cultivation and study of a particular flower is sure to result in time in its literature; and it is safe to say that in a few years there will be here, as in England, pamphlets and books by amateurs for amateurs on the flower whose praises this book sings. In the matter of civic planting where the rose is concerned, the Garden Club of Cincinnati most surely takes the lead. Let me quote from some published reports which I happen to have by me. In April, 1915, a committee of this Club, "a committee on the Improvement of Highway and Settlements, announced through the press that five thousand Dorothy Perkins roses had been procured and would be sold at the nominal price of ten cents each to any resident of the city or suburbs who cared to avail himseK of the offer. Response w^as immediate and GARDEN CLUBS AND THE ROSE 65 enthusiastic, the demand proving so great that instead of five thousand, ten thousand plants were disposed of." In the fol- lowing year the same Club "opened a distributing station from which in two days many thousand Crimson Rambler plants were sold at the nominal price of ten cents each." Without seeming to cast aspersions upon the previous condition of any part or parts of Cincinnati, may we not conclude that this group of gardening women must have made the wilderness to blossom as the rose? The garden clubs grow from year to year more intent upon visits to fine gardens; and it should be part of the business of the American Rose Society, through its members who are also mem- bers of the clubs, to keep before the latter the dates for inspec- tion of such fine rose-gardens as are open to the American pub- lic. I speak now of the National Rose-Garden at Arlington, the celebrated rose-garden at Elizabeth Park, Hartford, that in Minneapolis, the experimental rose-garden at Cornell, and of all private rose-gardens which through the kindness of their owners may be thrown open when bloom is at its finest. Seeing is not only believing in such lovely things as these; it is emulating as well. This is the only kind of covetousness which is not only allowable but actually beneficial. Before me lie the American Rose Annual for 1916 and the Annual of the National Rose Society of England for 1913. Among various contrasts which come to mind as one looks through these books is that in the matter of illustration the English publication deals with the rose as an individual bloom or plant, while the American Annual's pictures, almost without exception, show the rose in relation to its surroundings of greensward or background of foliage. Thus the larger con- nection for the rose is brought forward — its use with regard to its setting. On one of these pictures I should like to dwell for an instant, as a matter for constructive criticism. It is the colored plate of the rose as seen in Portland, Oregon. If there is one thing more than another which is an essential to beautiful rose-grow- ing it is a quiet background of some kind, preferably of green. The rose has no place in the midst of busy or commercial sur- roundings. The rose set along a city curb, as shown here, as I THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL have seen it, too, in Tacoma, Washington, is unsuitably placed and cannot, therefore, show itself to perfection. Roses in such cities could be massed in little hedge-inclosed gardens; they could be set against vine-covered house-walls. Here their bright profusion would give its fullest beauty; the general cause of good civic planting would take a step forward, and the glorious flower come more completely into its own. I understand that this misuse of the rose is common also in Calif ornian cities as well as in those just named. It would be well if the doctrine expressed in the old saying "All's fair that's fit" could be preached in all such regions. Let the people be shown that flowers so choice, so delicate as the rose, have no place at the very edge of the public highway; that a rose out of place is a true desecration of beauty, and that green, and green only, is the suitable color for parkways and street-edges in general. Work and Play in a Texas Rose-Garden By WILLIAM W. ANDERSON, Houston, Texas Editor's Note. — A new angle on home rose-growing in the far South is given us by a busy lawyer of Houston. Mr. Anderson loves the rose, and he knows her literature, as these following words will prove. SOME years ago, oflSce confinement began to tell on my vim and ability to run a foot-race or split rails, and I found myself at times noting with dread the pale visage and clammy hand of some anemic leading a sort of chronic incubator existence. These shocks were followed by thoughts about the broad country and outdoor men, and ruminations about getting enough sane bodily exercise to give life a natural balance and save me from that cellar look without stopping my law practice — not an easy thing in the city, with its incubator street-cars, elevators, offices, and courtrooms, too much talk, outdoor narrowness of all kinds, and so forth. When my daughter Mary spelled out a well-worded rose advertisement in "The Country Gentleman" and said she would love to have some roses like that, I had the clue. Although it was August, an unfavorable month for planting in Houston, I ordered a few large dormant roses, planted them with great IN A TEXAS ROSE-GARDEN 67 care, shielded them from the sun, and uncovered them at night for about two weeks. They all grew like weeds and bloomed in October. I think the Climbing Kaiserin grew six feet that fall. From this I learned that I could safely plant roses in the hottest weather if I would follow the planting with enough work and watching. I now have about three hundred roses — not many for a nursery but a good many for a moderate-sized city place and my spare time. I did all the work myself. Ever since, in winter or in summer, I have found by day, and often by night, something I could do for the dwellers of my little rosery; and among them I daily work and play. I seem to have forgotten about my health, for I have grown well in the garden among "simple pleasures that always please," where I can "let the wind blow on me as it list" in all weathers. Some moral pervert who wrote a book about roses advised planting them in back yards only, because not always in bloom or leaf. I admit that the back yard should also be filled, after the front yard has been covered so far as the rest of the family will allow; but there is no need of planting roses in the back yard for any such reason. If the surface of the soil around them is kept well raked, loose, and smooth, especially if the earth is good and black or rich brown, with well-trimmed grass round about, the rose-beds will always be beautiful and the roses will look well throughout the year, in south Texas, with fair treat- ment otherwise. Nicely raked and smoothed soil where nothing is planted is beautiful. I sometimes rake the beds for appear- ance only. This combing of the soil has the same effect as dress- ing a boy*s hair. To get the most from outdoor roses for cut-flowers, par- ticularly in summer, they should be cut about sunrise, in the bud or in the half-open state, with the dew upon them, and kept away from the sun. The proper stage varies with different roses and in different weathers. Some common roses when so handled make a fine appearance and last for days. The choice varieties, if not always so large as greenhouse roses, are often superior in charm, and the odor at least surpasses that of the greenhouse roses. The Duchesse de Brabant is in a class by itself, and makes a fine bouquet when cut early and not mixed with other roses. 68 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Burns sings of the dewy roses, and Spenser tells us in the sixteenth century to — "Gather therefore the rose whilst yet is prime. For soone comes age that will her pride defloure." Scott testifies that — "The rose is fairest when 'tis budding new. The rose is sweetest washed with morning dew." In the fourteenth century, Chaucer told how and when to cut roses. Of buds ("knoppes") just started '*faste for to sprede,'* he said — "I love welle sich roses rede; For brode roses, and open also, Ben passed in a day or two; But kaoppes wille freshe be Two dayes atte leest, or thre. The knoppes greatly likede me, For fairer may there no man se." In color, fragrance, foliage, and good health, Etoile de France is perhaps our best outdoor red rose, and Radiance the best pink. The bloom of Jonkheer J. L. Mock is glorious in size and color, but it is odorless here, and the foliage is not so good as that of Radiance. La Detroit grows well and is fine for dew- cut flowers, having solidity, fair odor, unique form, and lasting quality. Splendid white roses here are Climbing Kaiserin Au- gusta Victoria (whose color, odor, growth, and foliage are excel- lent) and Frau Karl Druschki. The latter is also a climber here and thrives and blooms well in the spring, blooms a little all summer, and tries to bloom all winter, sometimes succeeding. In hot weather the flowers are delicately tinted with pink, and very beautiful. Mme. Masson blooms in hotter weather and also in cooler weather than most kinds. At such times this rose is useful if cut before half open and taken indoors. The noblest outdoor winter rose I have yet seen in Houston is Marie Van Houtte, the bush sometimes growing twelve feet across. Duchesse de Brabant is another fine winter rose here. Good yellow roses are Mme. Jenny Guillemot and Lady Hil- lingdon, their beauty being enhanced by early cutting. Mrs. Aaron Ward has so far failed with me in growth as to seem nearly MINNEAPOLIS MUNICIPAL ROSE-GARDEN 69 worthless; and all but one of my seven bushes have deliberately died without excuse when other roses around them have grown well; but I shall try again. My one George Dickson was planted last year on March 1, a large and well-rooted bush. By June it had grown five feet and produced immense flowers, from three to five on a stalk, the biggest roses in the garden. By fall it had grown to seven feet. The best all-round climber in my collection has been Climb- ing Killarney. The bush Killarney is a great success, which is true of White Killarney, Maman Cochet, Priscilla, and many others. I have seen here striking specimens of Bardou Job. Helen Gould does well in summer on the easterly side of the house, being then lighter in color than in the cool weather and blooming in bunches of from three to five. In quite cool weather this rose usually has only one bud on a stem, which shows large and promising but seldom opens well, if at all. The odor and color of the southern Marechal Niel are nearly matchless, but the prudish habit of this rose in always hanging his head detracts and is out of keeping with his sex and vigor. The rose which I bought for Climbing American Beauty, advertised by the dealer as having the same fragrance as the bush American Beauty, has no more odor in my garden than grass, while the odor of the real American Beauty is superfine. Since preparing the above, I have been told that the Houston City Government has just placed an order for 15,000 rose bushes, with which a good showing ought to be made. The Minneapolis Municipal Rose-Garden at Lyndale Park By THEODORE WIRTH Superintendent Minneapolis Parks THE year 1916 has proved to be the banner year of all the eight years' existence of our rose-garden, regarding dis- play and number of visitors. Some of the best standard varieties, and, also, a few of the less-known ones, planted originally, could not very well be im- proved upon and replaced with better ones. They are stiU in their 70 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL prime and do not show any signs of fatigue or deterioration, but prove fair to be good for a few years more before necessitating replanting of the old plants for their rejuvenation or replacing them with young plants. The main reason for the exceptionally successful season was the cool weather and bountiful rainfall of our spring months, which goes to show what kind of conditions roses are partial to. The months following were rather trying ones, the intense heat raising havoc with the lasting qualities of the blooms, but, luckily, not until after the main season was over. Quite a number of varieties originally planted which did not come up to the mark were replaced with others that had more desirable points, i. e., hardiness, resistance to disease, healthy foliage, strong growth, and floriferousness. Finding the latter quality more prevalent among the Hybrid Teas, we naturally turned our attention more toward this particular breed, and have found many excellent ones that will withstand our rigor- ous northwestern climate. The following varieties have done well with us from the very beginning: Hybrid Perpetuals. — Captain Hayward, Clio, Frau Karl Druschki, Mrs. John Laing, Tom Wood, Hugh Dickson, Jules Margottin, Prince Camille de Rohan, Heinrich Schultheis, Mrs. R. G. Sharman-Crawford, Ulrich Brunner, Perfection des Blanches, Pfide of Waltham, Marie Finger, Marie Bauman, Merveille de Lyon, General Jacqueminot, Alfred K. Williams, Alfred Colomb, Mme. Gabriel Luizet, Baroness Rothschild, Duke of Wellington, Baron de Bonstetten, Robert Duncan, Mrs. George Dickson, Oscar Cordel, J. B. Clark, Mrs. A. M. Kirker, and Alphonse Soupert. Hybrid Tea Roses. — Gruss an Teplitz, Killarney, La France, Richmond, Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, White Maman Cochet, Pink Maman Cochet, and Souv. du President Carnot. The following varieties have made very satisfactory substi- tutes for varieties discarded: Hybrid Tea Roses. — Mme. Jules Grolez, Mary Countess of Ilchester, General MacArthur, Mrs. Aaron Ward, Mme. Leon Pain, Lady Ashtown, Harry Kirk, White Killarney, and Caroline Testout. IN MY ROSE-GARDEN 71 The following three roses have been tested at the Minneapolis Municipal Rose-Garden: Received from Manda, April 25, 1914: one Bridal Wreath (CI.) J Wichuraiana type; one Dazzling Red (Cl.)j Wichuraiana type. Made a fair growth the first year. The former appears to be the stronger of the two and also the hardier, the latter freez- ing back considerably. Both appear to be quite floriferous, but slow growers. Received from Cress, Baltimore, May 2, 1914: five Defiance, a cross between Gruss an Teplitz and Etoile de France. They prove to be very free bloomers, but are decidedly weak and slow growers with us and also subject to mildew. They may improve as they grow older and stronger, and we will keep them on for further study. In My Rose-Garden By REV. E. M. MILLS, D.D. President Syracuse Rose Society Editor's Note. — Much the strongest rose society in the United States is the one in Syracuse of which Dr. Mills is the active and energetic president. Attendance during 1916 upon one of the meetings of the Syracuse Rose Society disclosed an admirable condition of interest and a high determination to excel. That this organization has been of great advantage, not only to Syracuse but to rose-growing generally, need hardly be argued; and its continued success is maintained because of the enthusiasm and efforts put forth by the busy Method- ist "District Superintendent" who has written the rose appreciation which follows. DO you see the seven Glory of Petaluma rose bushes that stand out there in the snow in this February storm .^^ They have been my companions for over thirty-five years, and have stood in nine different gardens. Those J. B. Clarks that last summer towered up ten feet with their wealth of bloom were only three inches high when I first planted them one spring day in my garden in Pennsylvania. Some of their five hundred companions were the gifts of prized friends, and some of their former comrades are now in the gardens of my friends. They have come from many lands. Frau Karl Druschki, Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, Gustav Griinerwald, and Oscar Cordel come from Peter Lambert in Trier, Germany. When this awful war is over that same old rose magician will doubtless 72 THE AIVIERICAN ROSE ANNUAL have some great new roses to offer to the rose-lovers of the world. One day late in autumn, Antoine Rivoire, Caroline Testout, Chateau de Clos Vougeot, Laurent Carle, Mme. Abel Chatenay, Melanie Soupert, Prince de Bulgarie, Beaute de Lyon, Louise Catherine Breslau, Mme. Edouard Herriot, Rayon d'Or, Sun- burst, Mrs. Aaron Ward, Willowmere, Constance, Admiral Ward, Mrs. T. Hillas, and Senateur Mascuraud went to sleep in the fields of Fernet Ducher, in Lyons, France, and woke up the next spring in my garden in Syracuse, N. Y. If I had to give up my rose bushes from any country, those from France would be the last I would surrender. I have another rose bush from Lyons, France — a Mrs. Edmund M. Mills. She stands out in a favored spot in the gar- den in her great coat of excelsior to protect her from the chilling blasts. And I have another Mrs. Edmund M. Mills, from Ohio, called "Brownie" for short, who makes my home happy and bright this stormy winter's day! Mme. Segond Weber and Primerose came from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg just before the war began. Alas! I have not heard from Soupert and Notting in over two years. England and Ireland have been large contributors to my garden. But I am too loyal an American not to have all the American rose bushes I can get. My Marjdand, Richmond, Hoosier Beauty, Milady, General MacArthur, Hadley, Radi- ance, Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt, Francis Scott Key, Rhea Reid, and Dr. W. Van Fleet represent America well in my congress of beauty. But the ancestors of most of my bushes came from far- off Japan and China. British Queen, Kaiserin x\ugusta Victoria, and La France have no "war of the roses" in my garden. Next June they will be singing with harmonious breath of perfume "The hand that made us is divine !" Wishing to say something pleasant to me, you tell me that you wish you could have a rose-garden like mine. You can have a better one! But as good old Dean Hole said in his "Book about Roses:" "He who would have beautiful roses in his gar- den must have them in his heart. He must love them well and always. To win he must woo as Jacob wooed Laban's daughter, though drought and frost consume." I have few roses in winter — "That is the season of my dis- In the Bobbink & Atkins rose nursery, Rutherford, New Jersey W -^'^ ikif^. ^If%.-^^ Block of Killarney and other Hybrid Tea roses grown by Jackson & Perkins Co. Plate VII. Acres of American-grown roses. (See page 47) IN MY ROSE-GARDEN 73 content" — but for over a third of the year my home is made beautiful and fragrant by the offerings of my rose-garden. In summer, roses often are my messengers to my friends. They go to the house of mirth and to the house of mourning. My rose-garden has been the door to many of the prized friend- ships of my life. The rose has been the favorite flower of painters, poets, lovers — and preachers! — and why should not the pastor be an example to his flock in having a well-kept lawn and flower-garden? Next summer, by five o'clock in the morn- ing, some of my neighbors will be making me a morning call to show me an especially fine bloom, or to learn what the new rose I have waited months for looks like. Some hours later, three of my little friends and neighbors, Mason Webb, Adelaide Ayling, and Stewart Graves, appear with their original observations and unanswerable questions, bringing me a hint of that far-off garden of innocence — "eastward in Eden." How many I have had sweet converse with in my garden have gone to the land of "never withering flowers !" My mother, who taught me to love and grow roses, has long been sleeping peacefully near the Pacific Ocean, but a breath of some old rose brings her to me, and I am again a little boy by her side ! My roses, without expense or danger or weariness, take me to many lands. I find myself by the Crested Moss Rose, some- times called "Chapeau de Napoleon," and before I know it I am standing, in fancy, with the good old monk who discovered it long ago on the wall of a monastery in France. Here, too, is another rose, named by a Presbyterian minister in North Caro- lina for his daughter who had gone to the heavenly country. But you interrupt me to inquire which is my favorite rose, and my dreaming is over! I might tell you that when Rosa shot me she did not use an arrow, but a machine gun! I would be inconsolable without at least the following dozen varieties of Hybrid Teas: Antoine Rivoire, Lady Ashtown, Caroline Testout, Prince de Bulgarie, J. B. Clark, Melanie Soupert, Chateau de Clos Vougeot, Duchess of Wellington, Sunburst, General MacArthur, Laurent Carle, and Mme. Abel Chatenay. No well-regulated family with a little garden spot should be without the following haK-dozen Hybrid Perpetuals: Frau Karl Druschki, Prince Camille de Rohan, Captain Hay- 74 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL ward, Hugh Dickson, Mrs. R. G. Sharman-Crawford, and Gloire de Chedane Guinoisseau. You say I have already named eighteen kinds? Well, that is enough for a beginner. When I was a pastor, my roses frequently worshipped with me on Sunday, for not even "the chaste lily" is so beautiful for church decoration. W^hat more beautiful than two rose vases filled, one with Laurent Carle and the other with La France, on either side of the pulpit ? The great English statesman. Temple, and the great Ameri- can preacher, Beecher, and the great historian, Bancroft, spent their happiest moments in their rose-gardens. Beecher said that *'the sweetest thing that God made and forgot to put a soul in is the rose." To that sentiment I say Amen! As a young enthusiastic rosarian I wrote, 'T have found forgetfulness from care, rest and quiet for jarred, weary nerves, prized friendships with man and communion with Nature, in my rose-garden." After thirty years, I still say, "All this I most steadfastly believe !" The National Rose Test-Garden By F. L. MULFORD Department of Agriculture Editor's Note. — Undoubtedly the Arlington garden, or more properly the National Rose Test-Garden at Washington, is the most important of the several test-gardens under the supervision of the American Rose Society. It can be made of the greatest value as it matures, if well supported by the members of the Society on the one hand, and if well conducted by the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture on the other hand. No member of the Society should fail to visit the garden when in Washington, nor fail also to communicate with the Congressmen from his district in approbation or support. The appropriation for 1916 was not liberal, and the Federal Government has hardly matched the generosity of those who have made this national garden possible. (See picture on Plate VIII, facing page 80.) DURING the season of 1916 much progress was made with the National Rose Test- Garden as a result of a greater interest on the part of the members of the American Rose Society and other rosarians. There were added to the garden in the spring 303 varieties from 37 contributors. The largest two contributions this year are 99 and 20 varieties respectively, and the largest two previous ones were 151 and 5Q varieties. NATIONAL ROSE TEST-GARDEN 75 This year contributions have been received from: American Nursery Company New York City. Bloodgood Nm-series Flushing, N. Y. F. & F. Nurseries Springfield, N. J. Augustine & Co Normal, 111. Biltmore Nursery Biltmore, N. C. Bobbink & Atkins Rutherford, N. J. A. T. Boddington Co., Inc New York City. Breck-Robinson Nursery Co Lexington, Mass. E. W. Breed Clinton, Mass. A. Bryant & Son Princeton, 111. Chase Nursery Company Chase, Ala. R. G. Chase Company Geneva, N. Y. City Nursery Redlands, Cal. John Cook Baltimore, Md. Hugh Dickson Belfast, Ireland Eastern Nurseries Jamaica Plain, Mass. Fremont Nursery Fremont, Nebr. Glen Saint Mary Nurseries Glen Saint Mary, Fla. Good & Reese Co Springfield, Ohio. W. R. Gray Oakton, Va. David Griffith U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Gude Brothers Washington, D. C. Peter Henderson & Co New York City. E. G. Hill Company Richmond, Ind. Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co West Chester, Pa. F. H. Horsford Charlotte, Vt. Maloney Brothers & Wells Co Dansville, N. Y. Thomas Meehan & Sons Dresher, Pa. Wm. H. Moon & Co Morrisville, Pa. New England Nursery Company .... Bedford, Mass. Portland Seed Company Portland, Ore. Shatemuc Nurseries Barrytown, N. Y. Shenandoah Nurseries Shenandoah, Iowa. George C. Thomas, Jr Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. J. Van Lindley Nursery Company. . . . Pomona, N. C. Wagner Park Nursery Company . . . Sidney, Ohio. T. B. West Perry, Ohio. Coolidge Rare Plant Gardens Pasadena, Cal. J. T. Lovett Little Silver, N. J. There were in the garden in 1916, 687 varieties of roses representing the following classes : Varieties Varieties Tea and Hybrid Tea 260 Rugosa 35 Hybrid Perpetual 69 Centifolia and Gallica 29 Moss 15 Species 29 Pernetiana 3 Multiflora and Hybrids 43 China and Bourbon 14 Wichuraiana and Hybrids ... 53 Lutea 6 Climbing Noisette 10 Brier 16 Climbing Tea 24 Dwarf Polyantha 31 Miscellaneous other climbers ... 38 Miscellaneous 5 Province 7 Total 687 76 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL The arrangement as originally outlined is proving satis- factory. In October the Rugosas were given more room by transplanting every other row. The Bengals, the Bourbons, the Chinas, the Pernetianas, and the Lutea group have each been given a small section to themselves, and additional pro- vision has been made for climbing and pillar roses as the plant- ing-space provided by the fence for these is practically filled. Room has been provided for eighty more varieties of pillar and climbing roses. A plot has been set aside for the testing of new foreign roses, and another for new American roses. It is hoped this may prove a most useful feature. The members are urged to see that all new roses are forwarded to the garden for trial and comparison. Much can be done by members calling this matter to the atten- tion of either American or foreign growers with whom they may have dealings, especially if they are not members of the Society. Many of the roses have now been in the garden three sum- mers, and the past season they made a fine showing and gave a good account of themselves. The fence was well covered with bloom, and gives promise for even better results the coming season. The bank about the summer-house is well covered by trailing roses, and the Dr. W. Van Fleet roses on the summer- house extend half-way to the top. Another season should see it completely covered. The annual meeting of the Rose Society in the garden, on May 23, occurred for a second time under unfavorable weather conditions — a great disappointment to all. Instead of the down- pour of 1915, there was a gentle but steady drizzle which was more depressing than the previous year, if not so wetting. The season, too, was late, so that there were not the blooms open there should have been at that date. The attendance of out-of-town visitors was good, showing the interest that is being taken in the garden. It is hoped that a date about June 1, 1917, may prove more propitious for the next annual garden meeting. Interested visitors came in small groups to study the roses every week-day during the season. If possible, the garden will be open on one or two Sundays in 1917 for the benefit of the NATIONAL ROSE TEST-GARDEN 77 many local rose-lovers who find it impossible to get to the gar- den on a week-day.* Because the roses were not sufficiently open at the time of the garden meeting, it was considered inadvisable to attempt any judging of them at that time, so it was left until later when Messrs. Adolph Gude, George W. Hess, G. E. Alexander, and F. L. Mulford judged a number of the varieties. The year's experience indicates that arrangements should be made for at least three competent judges to spend a day at the appropriate season judging the bush roses, and a little later the same number of judges would require almost as long with the climbing roses. This should be repeated for at least three years, till accurate records could be made as to the relative value of the roses. The past year observations were recorded from three times a week early in the season to once a week late in the season on the amount of bloom on the different varieties. Observations were also made on the condition of the foliage and the amount of growth of all the roses in the garden. It is expected to con- tinue this from year to year as supplementary to the annual or semi-annual judging to be provided by the Rose Society. To date there are but three climbing roses that show any considerable amount of bloom after the first blooming period; these are Birdie Blye (Hybrid Wichuraiana) , Mme. Alfred Car- riere (Hybrid Noisette), and the McCartney rose, Rosa hracteata. The Climbing Hybrid Teas have been planted too short a time to give a true reading on what they may be expected to do. Of the bush roses the Dwarf Polyanthas have all been con- tinuously in bloom, but there is considerable variation in the amount of foliage held through late summer. The Rugosas have been more variable, both in continuity of bloom and in the condition of the foliage through the summer. Apparently those varieties nearest the type of the species are most satisfactory in both respects. The Hybrid Perpetuals have all been vigorous in growth and hardy, but bear practically no blooms after June. The Teas and Hybrid Teas are variable in the vigor of growth. All of those that have grown well have been satis- *The Editor cannot refrain from wondering why a national rose-garden should ever be closed. 78 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL factory. Those that are proving satisfactory so far are Col. R. S. WilUamson, Dorothy Page Roberts, Florence Haswell Veitch, Frances E. Willard, Grace Molyneaux, Gruss an TepUtz, Gustav Griinerwald, Isabella Sprunt, Kaiserin Augusta Vic- toria, Killarney, Killarney Queen, Konigin Carola, La Tosca, Lady Ursula, Laurent Carle, Mme. Abel Chatenay, Mme. Camille, Caroline Testout, Mme. Francisca Kruger, Mme. Jules Gravereaux, Mme. Lambard, Mme. Leon Pain, Mme. Paul Euler, Maman Cochet, Marie Lambert, Marquise de Querhoent, Mary Countess of Ilchester, Miss Cynthia Forde, Mrs. A. R. Waddell, Mrs. Herbert Stevens, Mrs. Wakefield Christie-Miller, Papa Gontier, Radiance, Red Letter Day, W. E. Lippiatt, Wellesley, White Killarney, White Cochet. Among other classes the Hermosa, Archduke Charles, Beauty of Rosemawr, and Champion of the World, have all done splendidly. If the garden is to fulfil its mission as a test-garden, all members must use their best efforts to see that the commoner existing varieties are supplied at once, and that all new varie- ties for out-of-door culture be promptly supplied for trial. This part of the work devolves on each and every one. Thanks are due to the many who have so liberally contributed to the gar- den, and this seems the appropriate place to express those thanks, not as from those who are using their best efforts to make the garden a success, but as from that large body of citizens of the United States who desire the information it should reveal and that will come to depend upon and use it as it is available. Several of the donations have been from private growers who can gain no commercial advantage from an increased inter- est in rose-growing. Some roses have been purchased for the garden by the donors, or have been especially propagated for the donors to permit them to supply the garden. The garden can never be considered a success until a large number of amateurs and dealers who are not growers feel sulBficient inter- est in it to want to buy missing varieties and present them to the garden. Let everyone who is interested in promoting rose- growing for the masses, and has not done something for the garden, communicate with the committee at once and learn what is most needed. CORNELL ROSE TEST-GARDEN 79 The Cornell Rose Test-Garden By DR. A. C. BEAL, Ithaca, N. Y. THE Cornell Rose-Garden has made excellent progress during the last year. The original garden has been almost entirely planted, and in addition to this area another of equal size is being prepared. Much has been accomplished in securing records and photographs, even though more attention has been required in caring for the garden because the Depart- ment of Floriculture, in common with all departments in the College of Agriculture, has been handicapped for funds to pro- vide the requisite labor. By concentrating on a few lines of work and by a fine spirit of cooperation on the part of the mem- bers of the staff, we have succeeded in properly caring for the roses already planted. The extension of the garden will be pushed in 1917 if the necessary appropriations are made. Last winter the total snowfall at Ithaca was more than sixty- six inches, but the snow does not remain on the ground all win- ter, and it is very unusual that sleighing lasts more than six weeks. Last March was an unusually cold month, in fact, the coldest weather for that month for twenty years was experienced. There was an unusual amount of snow for the month. One storm gave us seventeen inches in thirty-six hours. While a consider- able part of this accumulation melted during the last days of March, the drifts, even in open fields, remained until April 16. The spring was unusually wet and cold, a condition which pre- vented an exceedingly large number of farmers from sowing oats this year. The climatic conditions during the early part of June were exceptional, for almost continuous light rains which kept the ground in condition to prevent proper cultivation, and at the same time the constant moisture on the leaves, made very favorable conditions for leaf diseases. These conditions pre- vailed until June 21, when the weather cleared. After July 1 until the latter part of August, a drought prevailed broken only by one good shower on July 20. This drought period was marked by two excessive heat-waves. The first was of short duration, during the latter part of July, when on July 31 the temperature reached 98 degrees. That in August was more severe, for the 80 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL maximum temperatm-es on August 20, 21, and 22 were respec- tively, 94, 95, and 101 degrees. That this was very unusual here is seen from the fact that the next highest August temperature recorded was 96 degrees on August 31, 1881. This abnormal temperature was followed by rain and a drop in temperature of 37 degrees inside of twenty-four hours. After this the weather was normal. In fact, frost and freezing weather were delayed until later than usual for this latitude. This latter condition has been good for the plants, and we have been enabled to better finish our fall work in the rose-garden than ever before. This is the recital of very unusual weather conditions as we ordinarily have but three or four days when the heat reaches 90 to 95 degrees and persons are uncomfortable. The American Rose Society and the Syracuse Rose Society visited the garden on June 22. Although it had rained the whole day previous, the day of the visit was a beautiful sunny, though cool, June day. While it was a little wet getting around in the forenoon, the excellent grass paths were firm and the visitors evidently enjoyed their visit. After lunch the party, which taxed the capacity of sixteen large automobiles, left for the rose- garden. Each visitor was provided with a list of the roses in the garden with a key to where the variety was planted. Un- fortunately, on account of the continuous cold rains, the flowers were not so far advanced as had been expected when the date of the meeting was published. At the meeting of the American Rose Society, later the same day, it was decided in the future to print and mail the notices from Ithaca so that it would not be necessary to give notice so far in advance. The Rose-Garden Committee met on June 30 to examine the roses, which were in excellent condition for study. A large number of varieties were examined on this occasion. Under the conditions named, it is important to note the effect of the weather upon the varieties. The buds of the following were so severely injured that only an occasional one opened: Alfred Colomb, Black Prince, Duchesse de Caylus, Leopold Premier, Louis Van Houtte, Maurice Bernardin, Prince Camille de Rohan, and Spenser. Among those less injured were: Caroline de Sansal, Countess of Roseberry, General Washington, Marie Baumann, Mrs. John Laing, and Summer Queen. Polyantha rose section of the National Rose Test-Garden at Arlington Section of the Cornell Rose Test-Garden Plate VIII. Two important rose test-gardens CORNELL ROSE TEST-GARDEN 81 The injury to the flower-buds was not the only result of the excessive wet weather, because the black-spot, and possibly other fungi affecting the foliage, developed. American Beauty, Duke of Edinburgh, Eugene Furst, General Jacqueminot, Gloire de Margotten, John Hopper, La Reine, Marie Baumann, and Mrs. John Laing were severely injured. Dr. O'Donel Browne and Oakmont were less severely injured by these fungous troubles. The most meritorious Hybrid Perpetuals were: Clio, Frau Karl Druschki, Hugh Dickson, J. B. Clark, Jean Liabaud, Mme. Gabriel Luizet, Magna Charta, and Ulrich Brunner. These were the hardiest and strongest growers, free from disease, flowers opened perfectly, best colors, best substance, and most profuse bloomers. Among the Polyanthas, Baby Elegance, Marie Brissonet, Echo, Jessie, and Phyllis showed foliage injury due to disease and wet weather. The two former were worst affected. Tri- omphe Orleanais is by far the most vigorous grower in this class. Maman Turbat, Tante Julie, Echo and Mad. Jules Gouchault, among the newer varieties, are commended. The varieties that appeared to resist drought and heat best in producing flowers after the extreme heat periods were Bessie Brown, Betty, Chrissie MacKellar, Col. R. S. Williamson, Countess of Gosford, Dorothy Page Roberts, Ecarlate, Etoile de France, Farben Konigin, Gartendirector Hartrath, George C. Waud, Hector MacKenzie, Hilda Richardson, Konigin Carola, Lady Ashtown, Mme. Hector Leuillot, Mme. Jules Grolez, Meteor, Mevrouw Dora van Tets, Milady, Mrs. A. Carnegie, Mrs. Amy Hammond, Mrs. Muir MacKean, Natalie Bottner, Prince de Bulgarie, Pernet's Triumph, Renee Wilmart Urban, Rhea Reid, Robin Hood, Sunburst, Viscountess Folkestone. Some of these were much better than in June of this year, which points toward the probable fact that they require more heat. Among such were Rhea Reid, Robin Hood, Milady, Meteor, Chrissie MacKellar, Hilda Richardson, and Renee Wil- mart Urban. There were many other varieties almost as good. The thing which impressed us was the great show of bloom dur- ing the long drought when no water could be given. Arrange- ments have now been far enough completed to overcome such results in the future, but were not ready for last year. THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL The following Hybrid Perpetuals gave some flowers during August: Baroness Rothschild, Dr. O'Donel Browne, Frau Karl Druschki, George x\rends, Gloire Lyonnaise, Gloire de Chedane Guinoisseau, John Hopper, Paul Neyron, Pius IX, Oscar Cor- del, Spenser, and Summer Queen. The earliest Rambler to bloom was Thornless Rambler, which began early in June and was in full bloom June 15 to 25. Aglaia, Euphrosyne and Thalia, Chmbing Cecile Brunner, and Dawson, did not begin to flower until June 20 to 22. From this time on until the last days of July we had Ramblers in flower. On June 22, following the severe wind- and thunderstorm of the day before, the following were in good condition : American Pil- lar, Blush Rambler, Delight, Dorothy Dennison, EUza Robi- chon, Excelsa and Hiawatha. Some of the varieties added this year were: Agathe, Aus- trian Copper, Alfred de Rougemont, Beaute de Lyon, Betsy van Nes, Bonnie Belle, Carmine Pillar, Centifolia, Centifolia alba, Charles Dingee, Charles Lefebvre, Coronet, Dewdrop, Gloire des Marches, Juliet, Leuchtfeuer, Le Ponceau, Mrs. Lovett, Mrs. R. B. Mellon, Peach Blossom, Primula, Princesse Maria Adelaide, Rayor d'Or, Rothatte, Sargent, Schneewitchen, Souvenir de la Malmaison, Tetonkaha, West Grove, York and Lancaster; also several species. Among the contributors were Conard & Jones Co., Dingee & Conard Co., Eastern Nurseries, Elliott Nursery Co., R. & J. Farquhar, Good & Reese Co., New England Nurseries, Old Colony Nurseries, and the South Dakota Experiment Station. The Portland National Rose Test-Garden By THE EDITOR THE above title is that adopted for the newest rose test-gar- den over which the American Rose Society exercises super- vision through a suitable committee. It has been established under circumstances of unusual favor, and its establishment is a definite testimony to the way in which the great cityf^of Portland looks upon the rose. Correspondence was had between the active interested per- PORTLAND ROSE TEST-GARDEN 83 sons and Mr. Robert Pyle, chairman of the American Rose Society's test-garden work, as a result of which a meeting was held January 11, 1917, in the Oregon Building, Portland, Ore., to complete the organization of this test-garden. There were present two or more representatives each from ninety-nine organizations relating to the civic life of Portland and vicinity. These organizations included the Portland Cham- ber of Commerce and similar bodies related to the commercial life of Portland, various rose and floral societies, the Portland Rotary Club, Realty Board, Press Club, Women's Club, Trans- portation Club, Salesmen's Club, Study Club, Research Club, Hunt Club, and other clubs. The local chapter of the American Institute of Architects was represented, together with the Central Labor Council, the City Commissioners, certain local boards of trade, improvement associations, and commercial clubs, as well as many organizations relating to the schools. It is regretted that pressure of space makes it impracticable to print a full list of the organizations participating in this endeavor. The park authorities of Portland had previously acted in providing a municipal basis for the new test-garden, the organ- ization of which included the adoption of a constitution of an admirable character, providing, among other things, for asso- ciate membership in the American Rose Society for such as desired to secure the publications of this Society, and for an honorary membership to compliment those found worthy of that honor. Cooperation between the Executive Committee which was duly appointed, the Department of Parks of the city of Portland, and the American Rose Society was secured by an arrangement for joint meeting of suitable committees. It is believed that the establishment of this Society and the preparations now going on for the garden which is to result are of the utmost importance, not only to rose-growing in the Pacific Northwest, but to rose-growing over the continent of North America. The plans in hand for this garden provide for locating in it, for test, all available commercial and natural rose varieties, and for carrying forward important work in rose- breeding as well. The conditions relating to the establishment of this garden are so unique and important that it is deemed worth while to 84 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL mention them in the Annual, with the thought that there might be encouragement to other communities to undertake similar important work, in which case communication for details of organization might be had with Mr. F. W. Mulkey, President of the Portland Association National Rose Test-Garden, Mulkey Building, Portland, Ore. Roses in the Arnold Arboretum By J. HORACE McFARLAND NOT very many Americans realize, it is feared, that the Arnold Arboretum, at Jamaica Plain, near Boston, is one of the greatest gardens in the whole wide world. In the temperate zone it can be paralleled only by Kew Gardens, in London. For North America it is incomparably the most no- table and important assemblage of plants and trees hardy in the vicinity of Boston. This institution exists as part of Harvard University, but it has an extraordinary contractual relation with the city of Boston through which its continuance is assured for a thousand years from the date of its actual beginning, some thirty-five years ago, "and so on from time to time forever." No other organized relationship of equally permanent character is known to exist. To the ability, liberality, and devotion of its Director, Prof. Charles Sprague Sargent, is due the extraordinary value and beauty of the Arnold Arboretum. By the contract, which he arranged, it is always open to all people, and its aim is to provide opportunity for the study of every group of trees and shrubs in the world found hardy upon trial within its bounds. As an illustration of the scope of the Arboretum, a few words may be taken from the report of the Director to the President of Harvard University for the year which ended June 30, 1916: *'In the last twenty -five years more than two thousand species and varieties of trees and shrubs previously unknown have been added to the Arboretum collections. . . . When the Arboretum was planned, five species and a few hybrids and varieties of lilacs were known; now there are cultivated in the Arboretum twenty-two species and some two hundred distinct ROSES IN THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM 85 hybrids and varieties. Twenty -five years ago only sixteen American hawthorns were known to botanists; now more than six hundred species are estabhshed in the Arboretum. Western China alone has furnished the Arboretum with more species of spruce trees than were known twenty years ago in the whole world. . . . Forty years ago two or three barberries were cultivated in New England; in the Arboretum collection there are now nearly one hundred species, varieties, and hybrids of these plants. . . . This great increase in material is the result of exploration in North America and in eastern Asia, largely carried on by the Arboretum itself. . . . There is still much botanical exploration to be done in this country; and Man- churia, Korea, and western China still offer a field which may be expected to yield richer harvests of new plants. . . . Although great results have already been obtained by the hybridizer . . . this art is really only in its infancy . . . and if exploration and hybridization produce as good results in the next twenty-five years as they have in the past, the number of species and va- rieties which should have a place in this Arboretum may equal the number it now contains." Not only is the Arnold Arboretum thus a great living museum of all that is best in hardy plant growth, freely and openly available, but it is as well one of the finest examples of wise and beautiful landscape planting known in the whole world. Its influence in this respect is notable. It may have been observed from the words quoted above that Professor Sargent draws upon Asia and other parts of the world for new plants. In the same fashion, plants, seeds, grafts, and cuttings are received from and distributed to all parts of the earth continually. But it is of the rose in the Arnold Arboretum that it is desired now to speak. Nowhere else in America can be found so many rose species as are established and available for study in the Arnold Arboretum. There are growing there now the ninety- eight species and subspecies found in the list here appended: Rosa abietina. Rosa Alberti. R. acicularis. R. amblyotis. R. acicularis var. Engelmannii. R. arvensis. R. acicularis x R. rugosa. R. baicalensis. R. alba. R. Bakeri. 86 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Rosa banksiopsis. R. Beggeriana. R. bella. R. bella pallens. R. blanda. R. canina. R. canina var. andegavensis. R. canina var. biserata. R. canina var. dumetorum. R. canina var. flexilis. R. canina var. globosa. R. cinnamomea. R. cinnamomea var. foecundissima. R. corjTnbulosa. R. Carolina. R. caudata. R. coriifolia. R. Davidii. R. Davidii var, elongata. R. davurica. R. Ecse. R. Fedtschenkoana. R. ferox. R. ferruginea. R. filipes. R. foetida var. persiana. R. foliolosa. R. foliolosa X R. rugosa. R. gallica. R. gallica var. centifolia. R. gallica var. grandiflora. R. gallica var. muscosa. R. gallica var. trigintipetala. R. Gayiana. R. Gentiliana. R. glauca. R. gymnocarpa. R. Harisonii. R. Helenae. R. heliophila. R. heliophila var. alba. R. hibernica var. Grovesii. R. Hugonis. R. hmnilis. R. Jackii. R. Jundzillii. R. kamschatica. R. Lheritieriana. R. Manettii. R. Marretii. R. micrantha. R. mollis. R. Moyesii. R. Moyesii var. rosea. Rosa multibracteata. R. multiflora. R. multiflora var. cathayensis. R. Mm-ielae. R. nitida. R. nutkana. R. omeiensis. R. omeiensis var. pteracantha. R. omissa. R. oxyodon. R. palustris. R. pendulina. R. persetosa. R. pisocarpa. R. pomifera var. multiplex. R. Pouzinii. R. Prattii. R. Roxburghii. R. rubiginosa. R. rugosa. R. rugosa var. alba. R. rugosa var. Arnoldiana. R. rugosa var. Chamissoniana. R. rugosa var. rubro-plena. R. saturata. R. sertata. R. setigera. R. setipoda. R. sicida. R. spinosissima. R. spinosissima var. altaica. R. spinosissima var. cestiflora. R. spinosissima var. Dominie Samp- R. spinosissima var. fulgens. [son. R. spinosissima var. hispida. R. spinosissima var. Iris. R. spinosissima var. Jupiter. R. spinosissima var. King of the Scots. R. spinosissima var. Lady Baillie. R. spinosissima var. Plato. R. spinosissima var. Pythagoras. R. spinulifolia. R. Sweginzowii. R. tuschetica. R. virginiana. R. virginiana var. alba. R. virginiana var. plena. R. Watsoniana. R. Webbiana. R. Wichuraiana. R. Wilmottise. R. Woodsii. R. xanthina. R. xanthina f . normallB. ROSES IN THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM 87 In addition, Professor Sargent reports the arrival of a large collection of named varieties which "came from the Vilmorin collection at Les Barres and have been grafted for the Arbore- tum by Chenault, the French nurseryman." There is thus to be established the beginning of a real hybri- dized rose collection, which in connection with the study of the natural forms of roses here available ought to be, if the varietal collection can be continued, of the utmost value to rose-growers. The Editor is impelled to quote here from a personal letter received from Professor Sargent concerning his ideals as to the relation of the Arboretum to roses. Professor Sargent writes: "If some rich man wants to perpetuate his name in the world of horticulture for at least a thousand years, his chance is to provide the Arboretum with the means to establish a real rose- garden in which all species, varieties, and hybrids, old and new, could be cultivated. There is only one such collection of roses in the world, and that is Gravereaux's, near Paris. Gravereaux is dead, and no one seems to know whether his son will keep up the collection. . . . The cost of the land and construction would be considerable, and maintenance would have to be pro- vided for. This would be large, as it would mean the employ- ment of a first-class man to look after this garden. I do not know who the ambitious man or woman is, but this rose estab- lishment is one of my dreams which I should like to see realized." What could be finer than the perpetuation through all time of one's name in a living monument that would be of contin- uous beneficence to mankind.'^ It will be remembered by those who read the article beginning on page 37 of the 1916 American Rose Annual that E. H. Wil- son, the great plant-collector who has made four notable expe- ditions to western China during the last eleven years, there presented a review of "Some New Roses Introduced by the Arnold Arboretum During the Past Decade." Mr. Wilson is again on the exploring-line, having left early in 1917 for Japan. He will investigate plant possibilities, particularly with refer- ence to roses, first in the Loochoo Islands, and then in Korea, and before the end of this year he hopes to collect material and make photographs in Formosa. Thus the investigations of the Arboretum continue. 88 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL It is not only in the living plants that the Arnold Arboretum is of value. Its great Herbarium is also at the service of stu- dents. During 1916 alone, 10,447 additional sheets were added to this museum. One of the notable features of the Arnold Arboretum is its library, in which is housed a rare and extensive collection of botanical reference books in all languages. Every effort has been made, for instance, to obtain every work ever published on the rose. The catalogue of rose publications includes 353 titles. Among them are found nine books emanating from Austria- Hungary, two from the Balkan Peninsula, one from Belgium, forty-two from France, three from Italy and Sicily, two of Russian origin, two from Scandinavia, twelve from Switzer- land. Asia is represented by seven titles, and Africa by two. As all these books, many of them very rare, are cross-indexed by the species cited, the rose student has in the Arnold Arboretum an unequaled opportunity. Professor Sargent is searching now for what he believes is the only important rose book not yet in the library, which is Rossig's *'Die Rosen." The Professor adds in his note on this subject: "Mrs. Lawrence's book on roses is probably the rarest of all rose books, and I have heard of only three copies in ad- dition to the one now in this library." One of the advantages visitors to the Arnold Arboretum observe is found in its use of the native shrubs and trees in the landscape and decorative way. Roses particularly have been turned to this use with remarkable effect. Professor Sargent writes, "Of native roses we have used Rosa virginiana and R. humilis, and natural hybrids of these two. By far the best, however, is R. virgmiana, which grows taller than R. humilisy has more beautiful and lustrous foliage which late in the autumn turns bright yellow." Plate X, facing page 88, indicates the beauty in bloom-time of one of the rose-decked highways. I cannot suggest to the earnest rose lover any finer summer pilgrimage than one to the Arnold Arboretum. It may be reached in less than fifteen minutes from the South Station in Boston by numerous trains to Forest Hill Station, which is close by one of the several entrances. Or access is had by the elevated railroad, and by street-cars through Jamaica Plain. ROSES IN A NORTHERN LATITUDE 89 Rose-Growing in a Northern Latitude By W. B. BURGOYNE Mayor of St. Catharines, Ontario Editor's NoTE.-The Editor well remembers a visit in late June to the charming old tovvn of St. Catharines, not many miles fromNalara Falls the Tn manTf.r'' °"t^^^/^ '^. t' l''^'^ 7r^'''^' ^^^ then and there Woo^^^^^ lT?n?Z -^^ ^r5^ ^''t'K^'' Bm-goyne, an expert and an enthu he do^?tMn:^f^w°^- I^^^^d Mr. Burgoyne is of the true American type- in. th? 5. f ^^TI ^S''*^^ H' *^° y^^''' ^' its first president, in pr^ot- mg the great work of the Ontario Horticultural Association, he has also served of th'sTt ?h ' ■' P'!f ^f "' ^ ^ri''^"" y^'^' i° ^^ki°g ^ffi--t the efforts of the St. Catharines Horticultural Society. He is represented "at the front" by his son, m command of the 71st Battery, and in the idle moments of hLwe ^ovne^n'T'^T'' ^ '"''• t^^ daily newspaper. In the following paper Mr Bur! ?Xal fntere°st' ^"^ ^ ''*"^*''''' ""^ governmental cooperation and indi- ORDINARILY speaking, in the Province of Ontario, Canada, the growing of roses outdoors might not be ex- pected to command the popular interest which is so mani- test on the Pacific coast, in Cahfornia, Oregon and southern ^I'^T V"" ^'^^'^- ^^^^^^ ^as too often been regarded as My Lady of the Snows;" but anyone who visits Ontario cities and towns today will find that the cultivation of outdoor roses, even of the tender varieties, is having very rapid and gratify- ing progress. The ninety-odd horticultural societies of the Provmce, which are organized into the Ontario Horticultural Association, are vying with each other in making rose-growing among amateurs a most delightful pastime, and the annual rose exhibitions are becoming most popular and pleasing events. I he Ontario Horticultural Association was formed in 1905 with a membership in some sixty horticultural societies of about 4,000. Many of these societies had been in existence for years previously, but mostly as auxiliaries to agricultural socie- ties. With the organization of the Ontario Horticultural Asso- ciation the societies became divorced from their agricultural brethren, and with a grant of $8,000 from the Provincial government, divided among them upon a basis of membership and expenditure, new incentives to growth and usefulness were established in the societies. The membership has increased to about 17,000, and it is growing now at the rate of over a thou- 90 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL sand a year. The annual provincial grant has been for the past few years $12,000. Doubtless this would have been increased still more but for the large financial demands upon the provin- cial treasury because of the necessities of the war. The maximum grant which any one society may receive is $800 annually. The annual membership fee in an Ontario horticultural society is $1. This is supplemented by the pro- vincial grant, averaging 65 cents or 70 cents per member. Each society distributes among its members plants, vines, bulbs, etc., to about the equivalent of the average government grant, some societies considerably exceeding this. In recent years, with a growing appreciation of the possibilities of rose culture in the Province, some of the societies have made the rose options the leading feature, and the rose features of the June or July exhibitions have been ever expanding. In the culture of roses, and for successful rose shows, the St. Catharines Horticultural Society (a society which has made *'The Garden City" favorably known in the rose-growing world) easily obtained a first place, and it may be said that its annual rose show stands without a rival in any city of Ontario, or of the Dominion. The premium list of this society for 1917 contains ten options of Hybrid Tea and Tea roses, three in each, all different, and an option of four Hybrid Perpetual roses selected from a list of twenty of the best varieties. The membership of the St. Catharines society has ranged from 700 to 1,000 for the past few years, and about one third take rose options. It is expected that from 300 to 400 will select roses this year. Many of these members also purchase other roses. The St. Catharines Horticultural Society held its first rose exhibition in June, 1904. Each year since has seen an advance over the previous year. The prize list for 1917 will probably consist of eighty sections from the "best and most varied col- lections" of Hybrid Perpetual and Hybrid Tea roses, in which the winning exhibit will probably consist of not less than seventy- five to one hundred varieties, two flowers of each, down through sections of thirty-six, twenty-four, eighteen, twelve, six, and three varieties, three of each, and many named roses, both Hybrid Perpetuals and Hybrid Teas, climbing roses, etc. The rose show is one of the features of the year, and the ROSES IN A NORTHERN LATITUDE 91 Horticultural Society, through its option lists and exhibitions, is turning "The Garden City" into a "Rose City." During the latter days of June and the early days of July, the many visi- tors to St. Catharines are charmed with the beauty of the out- door displays of roses. While the St. Catharines Horticultural Society has had pre- eminence for some years in rose culture and rose exhibitions, many sister societies, in other progressive Ontario cities and towns, are making most excellent progress along the same lines. Toronto, Ottawa, Hamilton, St. Thomas, Brantford, Strat- ford, Chatham, Windsor, Walkerville, Kitchener, Paris, Sand- wich, Oshawa, Seaforth, Weston, and other places are commu- nities in which roses count. The encouragement given by the government of Ontario to the horticultural development of the province through the agency of these societies is having a marvelous effect, which is intensified with each succeeding year. Though in a northern latitude, Ontario cities and towns are already known for their love and successful culture of the Queen of Flowers. Wild-rose, Sweethrier, Eglantine^ All these pretty names are mine, And scent in every leaf is mine, And a leaf for all is mine, And the scent — Oh, that's divine ! Happy-sweet and pungent fine, Pure as dew and pick'd as Wine. — Leigh Hunt. The Enemies of the Rose EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION Those who are promoting any particular action in which there are possible obstacles have usually before them two courses. All difficulties may be ignored and the unacquainted person permitted to face them as and if they arise, with- out preparation. Or, difficulties may be recognized, and information pro\aded as to hov>- to meet them. Rose-growing, it is believed, will be best promoted by frank setting forth as to the diseases and insects which interfere with more or less potency to prevent the completest success. It may not be amiss to pass on the opinion of so great a man as Dr. Bailey of Cornell, that all these diseases and insects have a dis- tinct beneficial influence, in that they enforce care, attention, and culture. In the 1916 Annual the first complete setting forth in regard to rose diseases and the first complete enumeration of rose insects were presented. Articles found between pages 53 and 67 of that issue, illustrated with some complete- ness, were and are authoritative and definite. It is not deemed wise to repeat them, but to refer to them as the best source of information, until such time as the American Rose Society shall publish a proper cultural manual. In common with its timely character, the 1917 Annual presents in the three articles following full information as to further discoveries in certain difficult rose diseases, as to possibilities in their study, and as to some of the more bothersome insects. These articles ought to be read and considered in con- nection with the articles presented in the 1916 Annual. Particular attention is again called to the desirability of providing the plant pathologist, now working under the direct promotion of the American Rose Society, with material for the further study of rose diseases. Dr. Massey's article makes the necessary suggestions as to the sending of material, and it is hoped that interested rose-growers will not fail to help efficiently in the supply- ing of any specimens that are available. Rose Diseases By L. M. MASSEY, Ithaca, N. Y. Plant Pathologist, Cornell University UNDOUBTEDLY most growers of roses are aware that a special and extensive investigation of the diseases of roses has been undertaken by the Department of Plant Pathology , Cornell University. This work, which is being done in coopera- tion with the American Rose Society whose members have contributed toward the financial support of the undertaking, was begun August 1, 1916. Good progress has been made. During the past six months much time has been spent in visiting rose-plantings in northeastern United States, making a survey of diseases. The gardens and greenhouses of about forty (92) ROSE DISEASES 93 rose-growers have been visited. The number and extent of the diseases present have been noted and specimens secured for further study. Growers have also materially aided the work by sending in specimens. These specimens have been examined and the grower advised as to the cause and control of the dis- ease so far as our present knowledge and experience allows. Unfortunately, nothing is known concerning the control of many diseases of the rose, and but little concerning even some of the most common diseases. What little is known is mostly inaccessible to the average grower. Every grower who has endeavored to obtain much information upon any rose disease has been brought to a realization of this unfortunate situation. It is for the correction of this condition that members of the x\merican Rose Society have enlisted the services of a plant pathologist to investigate rose diseases. The preliminary survey has shown that the two most com- mon diseases of the rose are the powdery mildew and the black- spot, both on indoor and outdoor plants. These diseases have received the most attention from growers and pathologists in the past. It has been proved beyond doubt that they are caused by fungi. The life histories of the causal organisms have been partially worked out and various suggestions for control offered. Considerable work remains to be done to determine the con- ditions which favor the development of these diseases and the best methods of treatment. However, the survey has revealed the fact that other diseases besides mildew and black-spot cause rose-growers considerable losses. In fact, many greenhouse men claim that these two diseases cause them but little worry. THE RECENTLY REPORTED ROOT OR CROWN DISEASE OF ROSES Rose plants affected with a serious root or crown disease have been received from growers and observed by the writer in visits to rose-houses. (This is not the crown-gall disease mentioned on page 100.) The plant is affected just below the surface of the soil, usually where the plant "breaks," the developing branches being encircled by the diseased area. Affected plants appear to be suffering from lack of food or moisture, and in 94 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL advanced stages become yellow and of a sickly appearance. The diseased plants die more or less slowly . This condition is caused by the fungus working its way into the conductive tissues of the stem. Affected tissue is usually of a brownish or blackish color and is punky in texture. A slight swelling at the surface of the ground frequently occurs. So far as is known to the writer this disease has never been described. It ap- pears to be caused by a fungus, the life history of which is as yet unknown. Nothing is known concerning the control of this disease, but it is probable that the fungus lives in the soil and that successful treatments will be along the line of soil sterilization and the practice of sanitation in the houses. This disease is considered of such a serious nature that practically all the writer's time at present is being devoted to a study of the life history of the fungus and the development of a method of control. This is necessarily a slow process, but will, it is hoped, result in the discovery of an effective means of controlling the disease. OTHER ROSE DISEASES Other diseases which have been observed are: (1) crown-gall, caused by a bacterial organism, affecting the roots and occa- sionally the stems of both indoor and outdoor roses; (2) Phyl- losticta leaf-spot, affecting outdoor roses, chiefly Ramblers; (3) other leaf -spots and cane diseases of unknown causes. Work upon the causes of the diseases in this last group is now under way. Extensive experiments for the control of leaf -spot diseases of indoor and outdoor roses are being planned and will be tested as quickly as possible, and reports of progress will be made. Some misunderstanding seems to exist among growers in regard to sending specimens for examination. Where desired, a postal card will bring to the grower one or more franked tags which will carry specimens by mail, postage free; or the grower Fig. 6. Crown-gall, a bac- terial disease (see page 100) ROSE DISEASES 95 may pay the postage if he so desires. The specimens will be examined and the sender furnished with all available informa- tion regarding the cause and control of the disease without incur- ring any expense. Not only members of the American Rose Society, but rose-growers in general may take advantage of this opportunity to obtain information relating to rose troubles. By sending specimens the grower will not only help himself but will be materially aiding the project. Specimens will always be appreciated, regardless of whether or not they are of a new or old disease, or of economic importance. It is especially desired at this time to obtain rose plants affected with root diseases. Address all correspondence to L. M. Massey, Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Following is a more or less brief account of the known prac- tical information concerning three important diseases of roses. It is planned to report on three or four other diseases next year, and so on until all available information on rose diseases can be found in the Annual. As new facts regarding the diseases are determined they may be published in succeeding numbers. POWDERY MILDEW Caused by the fungus Sphcerotheca pannosa One of the most common and injurious diseases of roses, wherever they are grown, is powdery mildew. The disease has been known for a long time. It is an especially serious disease of indoor roses, and some outdoor varieties, such as the Crim- son Rambler and closely related forms, are seriously injured. Symptoms. — The first signs of the disease are grayish or whitish spots on the young leaves or shoots. Later the spots have a white powdery appearance, a felt-like coating being commonly found on the stems and thorns, while still later the mildew appearance is lost and the spots show a dark color. The young leaves, stems and buds are dwarfed, curled and variously deformed by the disease. This deformation and killing of parts of the leaf -surface reduces the foliage, and many of the injured leaves drop. Growth and flower-production is seriously interfered with, often the young buds themselves being attacked by the mildew, rendering the flower-clusters entirely worthless. Cause. — Powdery mildew is caused by the fungus Sphcerotheca 96 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL pannosa. An examination of a diseased leaf will show the fungus to consist of slender white mycelial threads with numerous branches which form a network over the surface of the leaf. At various points on the mycelium upright branches arise which bear on their ends chains of minute egg-shaped bodies (spores) which are easily detached. These are known as conidia. In older spots these conidia lie in masses on the surface and give the diseased area its powdery appearance. When mature the conidia drop from their stalks and are blown about by the slightest currents of air. They are thus car- ried to other leaves where, under the proper conditions of tem- perature and moisture, they germinate. The little thread which comes from the spore grows rapidly, branches, and in a few days produces a new crop of spores. At various points the mycelial threads are attached to the surface of the plant, and minute branches or suckers are sent into the outer cells of leaf or stem from which the fungus obtains its nourishment. Not only is the plant injured in this way, but possibly the felty mass of the fungus also interferes with the vital processes of the leaf through its presence. These conidia are not long-lived, but another spore-form develops to carry the fungus over long periods unfavorable to the growth of mildew. Somewhat rarely, and chiefly out-of- doors, ascospores are produced in little sacs (asci) within minute dark fruiting bodies (perithecia) embedded in the felt-like mildew on stems and thorns. These ascospores can live over winter out- of-doors, and may serve to start trouble the following spring. Control. — (a) Outdoor roses. Powdery mildew on outdoor roses may be controlled by dusting with finely ground sulphur. The first application should be made at the first signs of the disease, and subsequent applications made at intervals of about ten days. Spraying with potassium sulphide, one ounce to three gallons of w^ater, or with a solution of ammoniacal copper car- bonate,* is held to be effective, but dusting is more effective than spraying and much easier. *Ammoniacal copper carbonate is made in the proportion of 5 ounces of copper car- bonate, 3 pints of ammonia, and 50 gallons of water. The ammonia is diluted in 7 or 8 parts of water, and a paste is made of the copper carbonate with a little water. The paste is added to the diluted ammonia and stirred until dissolved. Enough water to make 50 gallons is added. This mixture loses strength on standing, and should be made as required. Plate X. The oldest rose-garden in the United States, Van Cortlandt Manor, (^roton, X. Y. (See page 20) ROSE DISEASES 97 (6) Under glass. The above methods for the control of powdery mildew on outdoor roses will undoubtedly also con- trol it under glass. However, a more desirable method lies in the use of vaporized sulphur, produced either by boiling sulphur in a pot over an alcohol lamp, or by painting the heating-pipes with equal parts of sulphur, lime, and water. It is a matter of common observation that mildew is most serious in the autumn, and growers would do well to prepare to generate the sulphur vapor at these periods in order to prevent the mildew from becoming established in the house before the heat is started. BLACK-SPOT Caused by the fungus Diplocarpon roses Probably the most common and destructive disease of roses is black-spot. Roses grown both out-of-doors and under glass are affected. The disease occurs wherever roses are grown, and has become very severe in cer- tain localities where conditions are favorable to its origin. Nearly all of the cultivated varieties of roses are affected, but not all are equally susceptible. The disease is most destructive during the summer. Affected plants become defoliated prematurely, and leaf- buds which should remain dor- mant until the next year open late in the season. As a result of this defoliation, the plants may blossom poorly or not at all dur- ing the following year. Also, due to the late-season growth, the plants do not enter the winter in a ripened condition and are thus more susceptible to frost-injury. Symptoms. — The more or less circular spots on the leaves may reach a diameter of a half -inch or more. They are black in color and are characterized by an irregularly fringed border. The spots occur on the upper surface of the leaf and by con- fluence may involve the entire surface. Frequently the leaves Fig. 7. Black-spot of rose leaves THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL become yellow, both in the invaded and uninvaded tissue, although some varieties exhibit little or no yellowing. In either case premature defoliation soon occurs. Cause. — The black-spot disease of roses is caused by the fungus Diplocarpon rosoB (more commonly known as Actinonema rosce) . Unlike the powdery mildew fungus, this parasite does not appear on the surface but works underneath the cuticle of the leaf and in the tissues. The black color of the spot is due to the death of the cells of the leaf. Like the powdery mildew fungus, two spore-forms of the black-spot fungus exist. During the summer small black pustules which are apparent to the naked eye, appear on mature spots. These are the fruits of the fungus. The fruiting bodies arise from the mycelium beneath the cuticle, and in them the spores are born. These spores are blown about by the wind and, falling upon a leaf, germinate under proper conditions of temperature and moisture. The small thread which grows out from the spore bores its way through the cuticle under which it works, branches, and soon establishes itself in the cells beneath. Another spot is thus formed, and soon fruit bodies appear on the surface of the leaf which bear thousands of spores, each of which possesses the potentiality of germinating and producing another spot under proper con- ditions of temperature and moisture. The second spore-form (ascospore) develops during the winter. When old diseased leaves fall to the ground in the autumn, carrying the fungus with them, the fungus does not die but lives over winter in the dead and decaying leaf-tissues. Here spores are formed in sacs (asci) produced in small shield- or spherical-shaped bodies called perithecia. These ascospores are discharged from the asci and pile up in whitish masses in the opened perithecia. They are mature by the time the leaf-buds have begun to expand in the spring, and are car- ried to the newly developing foliage by the wind, where, under proper conditions of temperature and moisture, they germinate and produce infection. Within eighteen days after infection by ascospores a crop of summer spores will develop. Control. — Two methods should be employed in the control of black-spot: (a) sanitation, and {b) application of fungicides. ROSE DISEASES 99 Best results will be obtained where the two methods supplement each other. (a) Sanitation. Since the fungus lives over winter on fallen leaves, where spores are produced which serve as a source of infection in the spring, it follows that these old leaves should be carefully collected and burned, either late in the fall or early in the spring before the buds expand. This refers especially to outdoor roses, as it is probable that winter spores are not formed under glass. However, it is advisable to keep the benches free from old leaves affected with black-spot, for they bear the summer spores and thus serve as sources of infection. (6) Application of fungicides. Sanitation alone will fail in the control of black-spot, and must be supplemented by the application of fungicides. Present recommendations call for the use of liquid fungicides. It is held that any of the standard copper compounds will give satisfactory results. Bordeaux mixture, especially for roses under glass, is objectionable in that it coats the foliage. A solution of ammoniacal copper carbonate is probably just as efficient and lacks the objectionable discolor- ing feature of bordeaux mixture. Spraying with these fungicides should be begun before the disease appears and continued throughout the season at intervals of a week or ten days in order to keep the foliage covered with the fungicide. Some claim to have had good results by the use of a solution of formalin or potassium permanganate, spraying with these fungicides after the disease appears, the theory being that the solution kills the spores of the fungus. However, not enough work of an experimental nature with these solutions has been done to warrant their being here recommended. It is hoped that the efficiency of these solutions can be tested in the near future. One of the most important points to be investigated con- cerning black-spot under glass is the relation of temperature and moisture to the development of the disease. It is a matter of common observation that the disease starts during late sum- mer before firing begins, and the severity of the disease during the winter depends largely upon the start made at this time. Some of the most badly diseased houses noted in visits to growers were those where firing was begun late. When the con- 100 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL ditions favorable to black-spot are known, a big step will have been taken toward the control of this disease under glass. At present, sanitation is a big factor, and it is the writer's opinion that the severity of this, as well as of other indoor diseases, can be lessened by more strict attention to the heat and moisture requirements of plants in the autumn. CROWN- OR ROOT-GALL. (nOT THE ROOT DISEASE.) Caused by Bacterium tumefaciens This is a very common disease of the rose, both of indoor and outdoor plants. It is the common crown-gall disease of the nursery, affecting many woody plants, trees and shrubs, as well as herbaceous plants. The malady is entirely distinct from, and must not be confused with, the root or crown disease men- tioned on page 94. Roses in benches are frequently severely affected. Much interest in recent years has been attached to the study of this disease because of its resemblance to malignant human tumors, with the possibility that light may be thrown on the origin of the latter. Opinions differ as to just how much damage this disease causes to roses. Skilled gardeners are generally of the opinion that serious injury is done, diseased plants being smaller and bearing less foliage and less vigorous flowers. It seems obvious that the energy used up in the production of galls, which are often large, must be at the expense of the general needs of the plant, resulting in an inferior product. Work is being done at Cornell University which it is hoped will throw some light upon this point. Symptoms. — Crown-gall exhibits itself in the production of galls or tubercles, usually on the roots or the crowns of the plants, but not infrequently on parts of the plant above ground. The galls are of various sizes, frequently reaching a diameter of several inches. Cause. — Crown-gall is a bacterial disease caused by Bac- terium tumefaciens. The bacteria, which apparently must enter the plants through minute wounds, stimulate the development of certain cells in the host plant resulting in the formation of large galls. These bacteria are able to live in the soil for a considerable AN ENTOMOLOGIST'S ROSE-GARDEN 101 time without losing their virulence. When healthy plants are placed in this infested soil, they are attacked by the bacteria. Control. — All plants should be carefully inspected for galls before they are set in the benches. All cuttings showing galls should be rejected. Since the bacteria are able to live in the soil, that in which diseased plants have grown should be removed or sterilized by steam before healthy plants are planted in it. When infested soil is removed, the benches should be thoroughly disinfected. The gathering and burning of galls may be of some value. Once a plant is affected, no treatment will cure it. An Entomologist and His Rose-Garden By A. D. HOPKINS Forest Entomologist, Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture Editor's Note. — That a scientific "bug man" can be entirely human is con- vincingly shown by the paper following. Dr. Hopkins is well known as an authority on the insects which injure trees, particularly in the forest, and some of his friends have been greatly interested in his ingenious method of determin- ing the bloom relations of shrubs; but his interest in roses has not been sus- pected. The account of his hard fight for rose prosperity ought to encourage those who live in localities less subject to insect attacks; for if he can keep on and succeed, who would have to be vanquished ! IT is said that a shoemaker's family goes barefooted and- that an entomologist's garden is a paradise for insects. As a general proposition there may be some truth in it, because the shoemaker must economize on his source of revenue, and the entomologist, like the doctor who is continually prescribing remedies and advising others what to do, may neglect to follow his own advice. It is important, however, that the entomologist should avail himself of any opportunity to make a practical application of his advice to his own trees and plants if for no other reason than to see things from the grower's point of view. Many years ago the writer had a rose-garden on the home farm and was fairly successful with the old standard Teas and Hybrid Perpetuals, but does not remember that he had any special trouble with insects. When the opportunity was offered to change a hobby of collecting insects into a regular profession, the farm, together with the rose-garden, was entrusted to the log THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL mercies of a tenant, with his dogs, children, and chickens running wild. The roses, at least some of the more hardy varieties, sur- vived for a time in their struggle against neglect, abuse, and natural enemies. After some twenty years, when the call of the farm could no longer be resisted as a summer home for the family and a place for the entomologist to spend his vacation, there was nothing left of the rose-garden but a memory, with the sod- covered, grave-like beds, and a wild tangle of trumpet-vine and Crimson Rambler, on the site of the tumbled-down summer- house, to mark the place. The effort to restore, or rather to renew, the rose-garden led to some experience with rose insects and methods of com- bating them which may be of interest to readers of the Annual. The site of the old rose-garden w^as chosen for the new one. The sod was plowed in the fall, and the next spring the clay loam, made loose and mellow by the decomposing sod and en- riched by a liberal supply of decomposed cow-manure, gave great promise of luxuriant growth of plants and a bountiful supply of flowers. Two- and three-year plants were secured from two of the principal sources of supply and planted in the regulation way. Then the trouble began! The sod had been thickly infested with white grubs of the May beetle, and contrary to what was to be expected from the usual recom- mendation to plow in the fall so that the freezing would kill them, they survived. The old as well as the new rose roots proved to them a satisfactory food substitute for the grass roots of the old sod. Consequently the rose plants failed to grow with the expected vigor, began to decline, and, before the cause of the trouble was discovered, were in a bad way. Following the liberal application of ashes, liquid manure, nitrate of soda, and soapy wash-water, some of the plants began to recover; but there was a disappointment in the meager crop of roses the first season. Next season the paths and borders of the beds were provided with a sod to attract the grubs from the roses, which to a certain extent it succeeded in doing; but the recovery of the plants from the first injury was slow^ and disappointing. The Climbers around the borders of the garden fared better, because they AN ENTOMOLOGIST^S ROSE-GARDEN 103 were near the more inviting sod of the lawn to which the grubs were attracted. By the third year the surviving Hybrid Teas and Hybrid Perpetuals began to recover and make vigorous growth, and the Chmbers had exceeded all expectations in the amount of surface of fence and arbor covered by them, giving promise of a wealth of bloom. But alas ! with the appearing of the leaves and the formation of the first flower-buds, about the first week in May, the May beetles which had developed from the white grubs of the lawn, the surrounding meadows and pastures, came in swarms during the early hours of the succeeding nights, causing the leaves and young buds to disappear like magic, especially from the tops of the Hybrid Perpetuals and the higher- up stems and branches of the Climbers. With the exception of wire or mosquito-bar netting covers for the smaller plants there was nothing to do in defense against these night attacks. It availed nothing to kill a few of the vast horde that was swarming over the country for miles around and feeding on the young leaves of a great variety of trees and shrubs, including the roses. These beetles continued in numbers until about the last of May, but with their disappearance came the far more destructive enemy, the rose bug or rose chafer. The first appearance of this beetle was about the last days of May and simultaneously with the first opening of the flowers on the Thousand Beauties, or Tausendschon, and when the flowers of the Concord grape were half out to full. A few days or a week later, when the flowers on the old Crimson Rambler plants began to open, the beetles gathered in such numbers as to hide the buds and flowers on which they congregated, and they continued to come like an ever-increasing army of invaders until the Crimson Rambler passed the maximum of its flowering period, about June 21. Then the army began to disappear, and by June 25 only a few dilapidated stragglers remained. When this invading army appeared it was met with a bom- bardment of poisoned liquids, odoriferous repellants, contact poisons, etc., but ten or more came to the funeral of every beetle killed ! All spraying methods having failed, quarts of the beetles were whipped and shaken into kerosene pans, but with 104 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL no apparent diminution in the reinforcements that appeared day after day. The oft-recommended method of covering the plants with netting was entirely impracticable with the climb- ers, and was not required in the case of the low-growing Teas and Perpetuals. The Tausendschon appeared to be its favorite; consequently the profusion of delicate pink flowers was soon reduced to ragged and dirty ugliness or was covered with, and bending under the weight of, disgusting masses of struggling brownish bodies and tangled legs. The first flowers of the Excelsa suffered a like fate, and when the beautiful buds of the Dr. W. Van Fleet began to open, they too were attacked by the beetles and destroyed before the first petals could unfold. Fortunately, the Hybrid Teas and Perpetuals escaped, evidently on account of the more abundant and attractive climbers. By the time the red, white, and pink Dorothies, Hiawathas, and other later climbers were reaching their prime, the beetles began to disappear, and there was at last a promise fulfilled in the clouds of white and pink, pale and dark crimson, and delicate yellow in unmarred loveliness. The experience with the rose chafer suggested that, in order to avoid serious trouble from it in localities where its periodical appearance is to be expected, it should be provided with food in the way of a liberal supply of Tausendschon and Crimson Rambler on nearby but more or less hidden fences, high trellises, or posts. Another beetle which appeared and departed with the rose chafer was the rose-leaf beetle (Nodonota pundipennis) , a small shiny bluish green beetle which came from the wild roses to cluster on the buds, tender leaves, and in the open flowers of the garden varieties, causing serious damage to all. The beneficial work of this insect in feeding on the root-crown of the trouble- some broad-leaf plantain of the lawn is more than overbalanced by its injury to roses. Like the rose chafer, it seemed to be proof against the ordinary sprays, and had to be brushed or shaken into the kerosene pan. Next in importance were the rose slugs, but they were easily controlled by sprays with nicotine solution, lime sulphur, or lead arsenate when the first evidence of their presence was manifested by the skeletonized spots on the surface of the leaves AN ENTOMOLOGIST'S ROSE-GARDEN 105 caused by one species and the irregular holes in the leaves caused by another. The aphids were most insistent in their efforts to survive and multiply, and required frequent spraying with nicotine sulphate and soap solutions to keep them in check. Other minor pests, including mildew and leaf -spot, appeared, but with the lime sulphur, nicotine sulphate, and arsenate of lead sprays for the insects, and flowers of sulphur or the addition of a little formaldehyde to the spraying solutions for the mildew, and the use of bordeaux mixture for the leaf-spot, etc., the foliage and buds were saved from total destruction, and there was some reward in the few buds and flowers that escaped. The common and cheap tin atomizer was found to be admirably adapted for spraying small plants, but for the climb- ers and a large garden, some one of the knapsack air-pressure sprayers is essential. Last autumn a new and much larger rose-garden was started in a new location, one of the purposes of which is to offer facilities for the further studying of insect pests, and for experiments with methods of preventing their troublesome presence and destruc- tive work. Perhaps in a future Annual an account of some further experience may be given. Following are some formulas which were found to be effective : Lime sulfhur. — To each two gallons of water add one half pint of the 33° Baume concentrate in summer and one quart in winter. Nicotine sulphate. — A teaspoonful of 40 per cent in one to two gallons of water; add one half ounce of laundry soap for effective distribution. A tea- spoonful of formaldehyde added to each gallon of this mixture helps to check the rose mildew. Fish-oil soap. — One half pound to two gallons of water for summer use; four pounds to two gallons in winter. Kerosene emulsion. — One third gallon to two gallons of water for summer use, and one gallon to the same quantity of water for winter use. Lead arsenate. — One eighth pound of the paste or one sixth pound of the powder to ten quarts of water for leaf-eating insects, or to the same amount of diluted bordeaux mixture for a combination insecticide and fungicide. Greetings from Abroad By THE EDITOR THE National Rose Society of England has long been the model to approximate which those interested in the Ameri- can Rose Society have aspired. With its large and wide- spread membership — over 7,000, and in all the civilized coun- tries of the world — its system of stimulating rose shows, its authoritative publications, its very existence proves the deeply seated love for the queen of flowers which we in America are trying to organize into effort for consistent rose betterment. Successive presidents of the American Rose Society have joined in the promotion in our midst of the ideals of this great English society. The American Rose Annual itself is an evi- dence of this disposition; and the forthcoming other publica- tions of the Society, including an oflScial catalogue of varieties, a manual of pruning, culture, and protection from insects, are projected upon the excellent work of our British friends. To arrange for complete understanding and interchange, correspondence has been opened with the Secretary of the National Rose Society. In a letter dated May 5, 1916, Mr. Courtney Page, the Hon. Secretary of the Society, who is also joint editor of the English Rose Annual, writes thus: "I am in receipt of your favor of April 16, and the same mail brought a copy of the American Rose Annual. Please accept my hearty congratulations for the publication, Avliich must have meant an unusual amount of work. It is indeed a fine volume. ... I quite agree that the stimulation you have given will largely help toward the obtaining of new members by both societies. English rosarians are very keen, and those to whom I have shown your annual are loud in its praise. . . . We shall be happy to cooperate." A suitable reply to this communication brought the follow- ing response from Mr. Page : "Your letter of May 24 was placed before my Council at their last meeting, and I was instructed to ask you to be good enough to convey to the members of your Society their hearty appreciation, and to express the hope that every- thing possible will be done to encourage the friendly feeling between the rosa- rians of the two great countries." It has not been recently practicable to secure communica- tions from the great French and German rose-growers. (106) Cut-Flower Rose-Growing EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION Of increasing importance is the growing of roses for the year-round cut- flower demand, sometimes miscalled "forcing" because the plants are kept growing in winter by the aid of artificial heat. To this demand, and to the supply attempted for it, rose-growing in general owes a great part of its present advance. The Cut-Rose Production of America By THE EDITOR ELSEWHERE in the Annual will be found a setting forth of rose importations for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1916. An attempt to obtain an approximation of the rose plants grown in America has not been successful. In order to obtain, if possible, some idea of the rose cut-flower production of the United States, inquiry was made of a number of representative American and Canadian growers. Not all of these responded, it having been found that a good rose-grower is not necessarily also a good correspondent. The ten replies received are, however, of much interest, and cover a wide expanse of territory. They are here summarized. The first question asked was as follows: "/n 1916, did the demand for cut roses equal or exceed the supply furnished through- out the year?'' Two replies from Canada agree that the supply "scarcely equals the demand," and one grower adds: "The rose trade is in healthy condition." A grower in Atlanta gives similar infor- mation to the purport that the supply is not equal to the de- mand. A fair balance is reported from Philadelphia and from Washington. One large grower for the Chicago market found a satisfactory relation between demand and supply, and one in Cincinnati finds a slight preponderance in supply. On the other side of the ledger is a report from Pittsburgh that 'Tn normal times the cut exceeded the demand," and an Illinois grower reports "an over-production for about ten months." Averaging the ten replies, it would be fair to say that 1916 was a good year for the cut-flower rose-grower. (107) 108 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL The second question was, ''What varieties were favorites in your market in 1916y stating them in order of preference?'' The rephes show that, without question, Opheha and Mrs. Charles Russell are the leaders in preference. The order in the first choice, counting 100 as the whole, ran as follows: Ophelia, 40; Mrs. Charles Russell, 30; American Beauty, 20; Killar- ney, 10. On the second choice the preference ran: Ophelia, 30; Mrs. Charles Russell, 30; Killarney, 20; Sunburst, 10; Mrs. Aaron Ward, 10. The third choice was scattering, one grower omitting any preference. Of the 90 points Killarney secured 20; American Beauty, 20; Mrs. George Shawyer, 10; Sunburst, 10; Mrs. Charles Russell, 10; Radiance, 10; and Lady Alice Stanley, 10. It is quite apparent that Killarney is falling from its place of favor, as is American Beauty, and that certain other newer roses are coming up in the list. The third question was, ''What is the tendency in respect to the color of roses preferred, to the Polyantha types, and to the single roses, naming varieties in your reply, if possible?'' This question was not properly understood, some growers seeming to think that the only inquiry relating to color was that about the Polyantha roses. It is apparent that, save in one case, Polyanthas have no particular place in the market, though Mignon and Cecile Brunner are mentioned as in demand. As to color, it is also apparent that pink roses are most in demand, that the light shades in all colors are preferred, and that the modern strongly contrasting colors, as, for instance. Sun- burst, are acquiring popularity. Red roses have the last place. The fourth query was a shot in the dark: "Can you give any approximate idea of the total number of cut roses handled in your market in 1916? Your best guess will be appreciated." One able, truthful, and competent grower answers very simply "I cannot." The next man, living 250 miles away, answers "11,452,804," which may be true, and may be a joke. Taking all the replies into consideration, it is apparent that few growers have any idea of the actual production of cut-flowers under their own hands and under their own sales, but that a "best guess" can be ventured to the purport that approxi- CUT-FLOWER ROSE-GROWING 109 mately 200,000,000 cut roses were sold in the United States and Canada last year. It is hoped another year to secure much more detailed and elaborate returns, and to make from them some deductions as to the trend of this very important trade. One tendency which careful inquiry has developed is that the introduction of new roses of differing shades, forms, and characteristics of beauty tends to extend the sale and not to divide the patronage with old favorites. One school of growers holds the belief that the more open roses, of the type of Sun- burst, Radiance, and Killarney, will continue to be not only the favorites, but the more profitable to grow. Other quite capable growers insist that the many-petaled types, although slower to open, and therefore costing more to grow, will prove more and more advantageous. In the writer's opinion, the tendencies shown in E. G. Hill's latest announcements for 1918 and 1919 indicate that this veteran judge of the market is turning toward the production of many-petaled roses. "Cut-Flower" Rose-Growing in 1916 By WALLACE R. PIERSON Past-President American Rose Society Editor's Note. — No one in America is better fitted to set forth present tendencies in the vast business of commercial or "cut-flower" rose-growing than Mr. Pierson. He is actively engaged in creating as well as in supplying the demand for the best roses, and he travels far to see or "scout for" a new rose. IT IS easy to give a good dog a bad name, and it is easy to give a novelty a hard setback in general popularity. Many of our best varieties have not been understood when first grown by rose-growers, and it takes some unusual event to make the average grower believe that, after all, he might have been more or less wrong. "What has happened in 1916.^" you ask me, and I am going to tell you, in an offhand way, some things that have happened, discussing the results that may come from those happenings, and showing, if possible, how easy it is to make mistakes in judgment. What is a good rose, anyway? There is only one answer by the commercial grower — "Any rose is a good rose if it will no THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL pay.'* After all, most of us cut-flower growers must make money ; there are few of us who may be classed as voluntary charitable institutions. We put in the best we have, and we want some- thing out of it. A variety that makes good is one that will pay the bills and leave a profit. It is easier to tell than to find the "layers" in a flock of chickens, and yet the principle is some- what the same. Keep records and know ! That is good advice. In 1916 there was a flower show at Philadelphia. It was called a National Flower Show, but, to the rose man, it was the annual meeting and exhibition of the American Rose Society. Basing my opinion on the opinion of those with whom I talked after the show, it seems that Hadley is "some rose." Those who saw this finest of the crimson roses at Philadelphia have some- thing to remember, and credit to Burns, Heacock and Towill is given fully with no fear of overdoing it. The Hadley class was the sensation of the show, and growers have decided that Hadley is worth all the extra care which a good variety needs. It has come into its own. "Montgomery's mistake" was the nickname tacked onto Hadley by those who thought they knew more about roses than the originator of Hadley. It must be a comfort to one who has for years been a careful, pains- taking breeder of American-raised seedlings to know that a seedling of his hybridizing ranks today as the finest crimson rose in commerce. Just as Dorrance saved Killarney for the trade, so Burns and Heacock have saved Hadley. What is the best red rose.^ That question is asked me very often. There is Milady in the West and Hadley in the East, these two being the leaders in popular favor. Then there is Prince d'Arenberg, the easiest to grow and the hardest to sell; Hoosier Beauty, discounted by Hadley in the markets, but, nevertheless, a favorite as it is easier to handle on the bench. "It isn't as good, but we can grow it," is the general answer. In 1916 the first Canadian seedling has come to the front — Mrs. Henry Winnett, from John H. Dunlop, being the new con- tender for a place among the red roses. This is an event worth noting. We have all looked, worked and hoped for American- bred roses, and Canada has responded*. Ophelia is a standard, and 1916 has marked the first offer- *See Plate III, facing page 33; also see description, page 39. CUT-FLOWER ROSE-GROWING 111 ing of Ophelia sports. Rose-pink Ophelia is coming out this spring, to be followed, if we can believe what we see and hear, by a number of Ophelia sports that have merit and distinctive- ness. The year 1916 has also brought into prominence many seedlings from Ophelia which, although as yet unnamed, show that this charming variety is a good parent to its offspring. The year 191G has seen many commercial ranges changed from carnations to roses, and more changes of similar character are planned for the spring of 1917. The rose industry is on the increase, and to a marked extent. Why is it possible to make this increase, and still have the business profitable? First, the education of the people to buy flowers, and the flower shows have done a mighty work in teaching this love of the beautiful. Another important point is that the number of varieties grown makes for better sales. It gives the people something from which to choose. Roses of twenty years ago were of few varieties, while today the grower may take his choice from a long list of good ones. You, who know roses of the garden, know Lady Pirrie, Lady Ahce Stanley, Miss Cynthia Forde and Mme. Paul Euler. Do not be surprised to see these garden favorites on the counters of your florist, for they are grown for cut- flowers under glass. The year 1916 has seen the decline of the old favorite, Ameri- can Beauty. I say ''American Beauty" without any apology to those who insist that the name is wrong and that the rose is French. It is too late now to revive its maiden name, except on the book of records. "Too many other big roses" is the only reason. Verily, the rose family tree is getting crowded, and our much-worshipped Beauty is slowly being pushed aside. What I have already written applies largely to the cut-flower grower. For the Rose Society, the big event is the publication of a real rose book, the American Rose Annual. It marks the fulfilment of some of the greatest desires and hopes of those loyal members of our Society who have labored long, for love of the labor, to bring the Society to the point where it will be a guide and inspiration, not only to those who grow cut roses for the almighty dollar, but to the humble householder who tills his garden for the love of what is best and brightest in nature, the most perfect of nature's creations — the rose. lU THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Cut-Flower Rose-Growing in Canada By JOHN H. DUNLOP, Richmond Hill, Ontario Editor's Note. — The American Rose Society recognizes no such barrier as an international boundary line in promoting rose advance. No one has been more efficient than the writer of this paper, a rose-grower of distinction, in helping to bring about complete unity of thought and action in the use of the rose. He is also a successful rose hybridizer, whose premier introduction is depicted in Plate III, facing page 33, as Mrs. Henry Winnett. COMMERCIAL rose-growing in Canada, both for cut blooms and for plants, is in a very healthy condition. The first cut blooms from bench-grown plants date back to 1890 when the first venture was made. Previously what bloom was offered was grown on the climbing varieties, such as Marechal Niel, Gloire de Dijon, Lamarque, and one or two others which would produce an abundance of blooms in the spring, but during the winter were very shy bloomers. Conse- quently but few roses of local production were offered, and for any event requiring a quantity the American markets had to be drawn on. Frequently in midwinter these markets were not able to supply us, the home markets requiring all that was being produced, which resulted in disappointment. Delays in transit and frozen stock also brought about disappointments that led one or two who were ambitious to supply the home demand to try the system that was being successfully used in the United States of growing young plants on raised benches. The varieties at that time were not numerous and would hardly compare with the varieties forced today. They included Safrano, Isabella Sprunt, Mme. Hoste, Catherine Mermet, Niphetos, and Bon Silene. Rose-houses were small, and in most cases were built by the florist himself. About this time that veteran rose-grower, John N. May, advocated the three-quarter-span house, and I can remember what an advance it was considered. The rose-growing industry in Canada has grown steadily from that small beginning to what it is today, and some of the most progressive growers are to be found on this side of the line, keeping pace with all modern ideas. Some people look on Canada as a country of continued cold, snow, and frost. I can assure readers that this is not the case. We have our winter ROSE-GROWING IN CANADA 113 season, which is not more severe than other places in the same latitude — frequently less so. We have an ideal spring, summer, and autumn, and as fine outdoor roses are grown here as in any part of the continent. Almost all Ontario towns and even vil- lages have their horticultural societies which have given an impetus to growing roses in the garden. Also the Ontario Rose Society, which I must not forget, has been instrumental in fostering the love for the rose by holding exhibitions, by issuing an annual report in which valuable information is given, and through the awarding of valuable premiums and medals. This has tended to create a demand for rose plants, for when one in a neighborhood has been successful in growing and blooming roses in the garden, it naturally acts as a lever and inspires others to do likewise. Some amateurs import their plants, even when they have had success with what could be purchased locally, as the inclina- tion is always to do better and to expand by adding new varie- ties and increasing the number of plants. There is apparent here a great opportunity for the local florist, and he should be alive to the possibilities of producing and offering those newer varieties that would give the greatest satisfaction. I am safe in saying that in the past ten years the interest taken and the planting of roses as garden flowers has, because of the success that has attended these efforts, increased amateur rose-growing in Ontario three or four hundred fold, and the end is not yet. TO COMMERCIAL ROSE-GROWERS The Editor particularly desires information upon the extent and tendencies oj cut-flower rose-growing, for publication in assembled Jorm in the igi8 Rose Annual. Answers to the following questions are de- sired by November y igiy: Area oJ glass devoted to rose cut-flowers? Varieties grown, in order of preference? For what roses is the demand best? How many roses were cut in twelve months? Address American Rose Annual, Harrisburg, Pa. In Memoriam JACKSON DAWSON On August 8, 1916, the death of Jackson Thornton Dawson ended the earthly career of a truly great gardener who had also done real service to the rose-cause of America. Page 125 of the Annual for 1916 lists ten roses which he had hybridized and introduced within the twenty-four years be- tween the lovely Dawson climber in 1890 and his gorgeous Arnold Rugosa hybrid in 1914. All of these roses are worth while, and several of them are notable. His single rose, Sargent, a Wichuraiana hybrid with Crimson Rambler and Baroness Rothschild, is so exquisitely lovely in form and color that it seems in itself enough to found the fame of the rosarian who produced it. But Mr. Dawson, as superintendent of the Arnold Arboretum for more than forty years, had other claims to fame in the plant- world. He w^as an extraordinary propagator, and it was in simple justice that his great chief, Prof. Charles S. Sargent, said of him before his death: "Knowledge and skill he has acquired b}^ patient practice and by loving the things with which he works. Plants seem to respond to affection, and he has that affection in large measure. In addition to the great number of trees and plants he has raised here, no one can tell how many hundreds of thousands he has sent to every part of the United States and to all the countries of Europe." This love for the plants he handled was well shown one memorable June day when Mr. Dawson went with me to see the marvelous display of laurels then in perfection in the Arboretum. Certain plants he would indicate as having been collected in distant localities, and one magnificent pink kalmia he patted lovingly with his hand as he said of it: "I carried this plant on my back from the hills of Massachusetts twenty years ago." Jackson Dawson leaves the world enriched in a continuing way because he lived in it. J. H. McF. (114) IN MEMORIAM 115 SAMUEL THORNE Among the first Life-Members of the American Rose Society was Samuel Thorne, of Millbrook, New York, who died in 1916. Mr. Thorne hved practically all of his lifetime in the neigh- borhood of his home, which was in the midst of a garden, and thus such as might be expected of a Life-Member of the Ameri- can Rose Society. He was likewise — as rose-lovers tend to be — a good citizen. An evidence of his feeling toward his own village, as well as toward his parents, was the presenting to the village of Millbrook, in their memory, of a fine public school. Mr. Thorne lived amid the esteem of his associates and neighbors as a kindly, broad-minded man. B. H. WILLIAM C. BARRY: AN APPRECIATION William C. Barry, a former President of the American Rose Society, died at his home in Rochester, N. Y., December 12, 1916, aged sixty-nine years. The passing of Mr. Barry deserves more than perfunctory mention here because of his intimate connection with the aflfairs of this Society in the early days of its history. Mr. Barry was not only a grower of roses in a large way, but he was also an intense lover of them. The writer of this article, who was intimately associated with Mr. Barry for nearly forty years, can bear witness to the con- scientious care he always exercised in the dissemination of a new rose. It was his greatest delight to gather together all the new varieties that showed promise, in order carefully to study their different characteristics. This work was done in the early morn- ing just as the buds were beginning to unfold and were wet with dew. He often remarked that that was the only real time to accurately judge a rose. The loving care with which he gathered the tender blossoms, and his skill in arranging them, was an- other evidence of his great love and interest for the Queen of Flowers. He was the author of several pamphlets on the rose which have had wide circulation. He had long been an Honorary Life Member of the National Rose Society of England. 116 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL It was not only the rose — of which his knowledge was supreme — that attracted him; his interest extended to all flowers, par- ticularly the peony and lilac, as evidenced by the wonderful collections of these popular flowers which he had formed. All this, too, occurred outside his manifold business interests. He was a gentleman in all that the name implies. He was also a companionable man, and most democratic. He seemed to take a peculiar delight in meeting people of all degrees in the different walks of life, giving freely of his time and wise counsel. The death of Mr. Barry leaves a void which it will be diflicult to fill, not only in the horticultural world, but in the business world as well, where he was known and esteemed for his high ability and sturdy integrity. C. J. M. The following resolutions of esteem and respect were passed at a recent meeting of the American Rose Society : Resolved, That in deep regret at the death of its former President, William C. Barry, the members of the American Rose Society hereby express to his family and associates their sincere sympathy. As one of the early presidents of this society, Mr. Barry's abihty, genial character and personal service did much to establish it. His whole-heartedness, his desire to make the places of the earth where people dwelt better and more beautiful, endeared him to us. Resolved, That this expression of the feeling of the members of the American Rose Society be placed on record; and, the Secretary is directed to transmit a copy to the family of our deceased President, as a sincere expression of our regret. Benjamin Hammond, Secretary. January 27, 1917. EDWARD MAWLEY, V. M. H. At the ripe age of seventy-four years there died at his home in Rosebank, Berkhamsted, England, on September 14, 1916, a man whose love and work for roses had given him a high place in the esteem of rose-growers the world over. Edward Mawley was made President of the National Rose Society of England in 1915, after having served it as Secretary for thirty-seven years. He was thus officially related to this greatest of all rose organizations for all but its first two years. To Mr. Mawley's zeal and ability may properly be ascribed the wonderful progress of the National Rose Society. He was greatly beloved by his associates. A Partial List of Roses Introduced in America Compiled by CHARLES E. F. GERSDORFF and THE EDITOR {Corrected in this Second Edition to May 15, 1917) In the 1916 American Rose Annual there was presented "A Partial List of American Hybridized Roses, with Parentage and Date of Introduction so far as Ascertainable." The roses thus listed were in every case admitted only upon information obtained from the hybridizer or introducer, or from a reliable source. Only hybridized sorts, and not "sports," were listed, and no claim of completeness was made. The listing was under headings for each hybridizer, and not general. At much expenditure of time and patience, and through much corre- spondence, Mr. Gersdorff has now covered the whole field of American intro- ductions, both as to seedlings and sports. The Editor has added the roses recorded by the American Rose Society. While it is believed that the result is more complete than any previously published, no claim for entire accuracy is made. It is insisted that the list has been most carefully compiled, and that there is in consequence here presented the beginning, at least, of an accurate name and origin list. The carelessness of growers and introducers in relation to names, origin, etc., has been — and is — painfully apparent. Unfortunate duplications appear, even in roses introduced within the present century. It is expected that this list will serve to prevent further duplications or name similarities, and protest will be made against the registration by the American Rose Society hereafter of any rose under a name already used, or of a rose for which no parentage is given. Following the list of Abbreviations and the List of Works Consulted are the References used, the numbers preceding which are found following names in the list of varieties, as authorities. The Editor urges that any omissions or errors be called to his attention, and that makers of trade catalogues adopt the spelling and classification here presented. ABBREVIATIONS The abbreviations used are: B. (Bourbon), B.-C. (Bourbon-China), Bengal-C. (Ben- gal-China), C. (China), CI. B. (Climbing Bourbon), CI. H. T. (Climbing Hybrid Tea), CI. T. (Climbing Tea), D. (Damask), H. CI. (Hardy CUmber), H. D. (Hybrid Damask), H. Mult. (Hybrid Multiflora), H. N. (Hybrid Noisette), H. P. (Hybrid Perpetual), H. Ramb. (Hybrid Rambler), H. Ru. (Hybrid Rugosa), H. T. (Hybrid Tea), H. W. (Hybrid, Wichuraiana), H. W.-Ru. (Hybrid Wichiiraiana-Rugosa), Lsev. (Lsevigata), Mult. (Multi- flora), N. (Noisette), Per. (Pernetiana), Poly. (Polyantha), Ramb. (Rambler), Semp. (Semperflorens), T. (Tea), W. (Wichuraiana), A. R. S. (American Rose Society). LIST OF WORKS CONSULTED A B C of Rose Culture, The, by Edward Beautiesof the Rose, etc., by H.Curtis. 1853. Mawley. 1897. Beautiful Roses, etc., by John Weathers. Amateurs' Rose Book, The, by Shirley Book about Roses, A, by S. R. Hole. Hibberd. Book of Roses, The, by Francis Parkman. American Rose Culturist, The, by C. M. 1866. Saxton. Book of Roses, The, by Louis Durand. (117) 118 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Book of the Rose, The, by Foster-Melliar; edited by Page-Roberts & Molyneux. Catalogue de la roseraie de Bagatelle pour I'annee 1913. Commercial Rose Culture, by Eber Holmes. Concours international de roses, etc. 1908. Cultivated Roses, etc., by T, W. Sanders. 1899. Cultural Directions for the Rose, etc., by John Cranston. 6th ed., rev., 1877. Cultur, etc., der rosen, by C. Nickels. 1845. Die rose, etc., by T. Nietner. 1880. England's National Flower, by George Bunyard. Histoire naturelle de la rose, etc., by J. L. M. Guillemeau. 1800. La rose, etc., by J. L. A. Loiseleur-Deslong- champs. 1844. La rose, etc., by Jules Bel. 1892. La rose, etc., by L. P. F. A. Chesnel de la Charbouclais. 2d ed., 1838. Le livre d' or des roses, by Paul Herriot. 1903. Les roses, by H. Jamain. 2d ed., 1873. Les roses de I'impera trice, etc., by Jules Gravereaux. Les roses, etc., by Shirley Hibberd. 1882. Les Rosiers, etc., by P. C. M. Cochet. 3d ed., 1909. List of Roses, etc., by Brougham & Vaux. 1898. New Roses (supplement), by Rose G. Kingsley. 1913. Nomenclature of the Rose, etc., by Leon Simon. 1st ed., 1899; 2d ed., 1906. Observations sur la nomenclature . . . roses, by J. Vibert. 1824. Parsons on the Rose, by S. B. Parsons. 1869. New and rev. ed., 1910. Podrome de la monographie . . • roses, etc., by C. A. Thory. Rosarum monographia, by John Lindlej'. Rev. ed., 1830. Rose Amateurs' Guide, The, by Thomas Rivers. 11th ed., 1877. Rose Book (translation into English), by Juhus Hoffman. 1905. Rose Book, The, by H. H. Thomas. Reprint of 1st ed., 1914. Rose Garden, The, by WilUam Paul. 10th ed., 1903. Rose Growing, etc., by J. G. Lockley. 2d ed. Rose Growing Made Easy, by E. T. Cook. Rose Manual, The, by Robert Buist. 4th ed. 1854. Roseraie de I'Hay, Guide, etc. 1910; Nomenclature, etc. 1902. Roses and How to Grow Them, by Leonard Barron. Roses and Rose Culture, by T. B. Jenkins. Roses and Rose Gardens, by W. P. Wright. 1912. Roses and Rose-Gro^sdng, by Rose G. Kingsley. 1908. Roses and Their Culture, by W. D. Prior 3d ed., 1892. Roses, by H. C. Andrews. Roses, by H. Darlington. 1911. Roses, by Gemen and Bourg of Duchy o Luxembourg. Roses, by J. H. Pemberton. Roses, by Rafinesque-Schmaltz. Rose, The, by H. B. EUwanger. Rose, The, by Henry Shaw. Societe nationale d'horticulture de France, Section des Roses, etc. 1912. Tea Roses, etc., by F. R. Burnside. 1893. REFERENCES The number at the end of each description on the following pages refers to the sources considered in the list below. When two numbers follow, the rose has been described in each of the sources cited. 1. Nomenclature de tous les Noms de Roses, by Leon Simon and P. Cochet. 1899. 2. Beautiful Roses, by John Weathers. 1903. 3. Roses and Rose-Growing, by Rose G. Kingsley. 1908. 4. New Roses, by Rose G. Kingsley. 1913. 5. Societe Nationale d'Horticultiire de France, Section des Roses, Les Plus Belles Roses au debut du XX siecle. 1912. 6. Les roses, etc., by Shirley Hibberd. 1882. 7. Parsons on the Rose, by S. B. Parsons. 1869 and 1910. 8. The Book of Roses, by Francis Parkman. 1866. 9. The Amateur Gardeners' Rose Book, by Dr. Julius Hoffman; translation by John Weathers. 1905. 10. The Rose Manual, by Robert Buist. 1854. 11. List of Roses, by Bougham and Vaux. 1898. 12. Concours international de roses nouvelles a Bagatelle. 25 juin, 1908. 13. Catalogue de la roseraie de Bagatelle. 1913. 14. Roses and Their Culture, by W. D. Pryor. 1892. 15. Information obtained from various sources, such as American and foreign catalogues, from American growers by correspondence. From catalogues of California Rose Company, Hugh Dickson, Walsh, Alex. Dickson & Sons, Conard & Jones, Good & Reese, Dreer, Fancher Creek Nurseries, Jackson & Perkins Co., Elliott Nursery, Leedle Floral Co., Howard Rose Co., E. G. Hill Co., and Hoopes, Bro. and Thomas Co. By correspondence from Walsh, Dingee & Conard, Conard & Jones, Farr, Totty, Biltmore Nurseries, Heller Brothers, A. N. Pierson, Inc., McGregor Brothers Co., Hugh Dickson, the Editor of "The Garden," London, England John Lewis Childs, Inc., and R. Witterstaetter. LIST OF AMERICAN ROSES 119 16. Roses and How to Grow Them, by Leonard Barron. 1905. 17. The Rose, by H. B. Ellwanger. Ed. 1S92. 18. Catalogue of W. R. Gray, Oakton, Fairfax Co., Va. 1916. 19. Pract. Beschr. Rozennaamlijst . . . Boom-en Plantenbeurs te Boskoop. 1909. Admiral Dewey, H.T. (Taylor, 1899.) Sport from Caroline Testout. 15, 19. Admiral Evans, H.T. (E. G. Hill Co., 1907.) 5, 13. Liberty x unnamed seedling. 12. Admiral Schlet, H.T. (Cook, 1901.) Colonel Joffe X General Jacqueminot. Received Bronze Medal at Pan-American Exposition. 19. Alba rubrifolia, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1898; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) Wichuraiana hybrid. Alice Aldrich, H.Ru. (Conard & Jones Co., 1901.) 15. R. rugosa X Caroline de Sansal. 19. Alice Lemon, H.T. (Hill, 1911.) America, H. CI. (Walsh.) 14. America, N. (Page, 1859.) Large, fine flower of creamy white. 8, 16. American Banner, T. (Cartwright, 1879.) 1, 17. Sport of Bon Silene. 16. American Beauty, H.P. (Bancroft, 1886.) Syn., Mme. Ferd. Jamain. 3, 17, 19. (Field Brothers.) 16. American Belle, H.P. (J. Burton, 1893.) Sport from American Beauty. 19. American Pillar, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1902; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) R. Wichuraiana X R. setigera. 19. Amcena, Lsev. (Hockbridge, 1909.) 15. Anna Maria, Setigera type. (Feast, 1843.) 1, 13, 19. Annie Cook, T. (Cook, 1888.) 1. Seedling from Bon Silene. 17. Arcadia, H.W. (Walsh, 1913.) 15. Arnold, H.Ru. (Dawson, 1914.) R. rugosa x General Jacqueminot. Atlas, H.T. (Hill, 1903.) 19. Augusta, N. (1853.) Sulphur. 1. Seedling from Solfaterre. 8. Babette, H.Ci. (Walsh, 1908.) 15, 19. Ball of Snow, H.N. (Henderson, 1887.) White. 1. Baltimore Belle, Setigera type. (Feast, 1843.) 10, 19. Beauty of Greenmont, Setigera hybrid. (Pentland of Baltimore, 1854.) 16. Beauty of Greenwood. N. 17. Beauty of Rosemawr, B. (Conard & Jones Co., 1903.) 15, 19. Beauty of the Prairies, Setigera type. (Feast, 1843.) 13, 19. Syns., Queen of the Prairies; Prairie Queen. 10. Bedford Belle, H.T. (Bedford Flower Company, registered 1916.) 15. Belle Americaine, H.P. (D. Boll, 1837.) 1, 16, 17. Birdie Blye, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1904; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) Helene X Bon Silene. 19. Blush Maryland, H.T. (Totty, 1912.) 15. Blush o'Dawn, H.T. (Walsh, 1902.) 13. Bonnie Belle, H. CI. (Walsh.) Bride, T. (May, 1885.) 15, 19. Sport from Catherine Mermet. 16. Bridesmaid, T. (Moore, 1892.) 15, 19. Sport from Catherine Mermet. Probably identical with The Hughes. 16. Brighton Beauty, T. (Originated by Bragg; sent out by May, ISSl.) 16, 17. BuRBANK, Bengal. (Burbank, 1900.) 5. Hermosa X seedling from Bon Silene. 19. Buttercup, Cl.T. (California Rose Company, 1908.) 15. California, H.T. (Howard & Smith, 1916; reg. American Rose Society.) 120 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Captain Hudson, Per. (Kersbargen Brothers, 1911.) 15. Cardinal, H.T. (Cook, 1904.) Liberty x unnamed red seedling. 19. Carissima, H.W. (Walsh, 1905.) 15. Seedling of Wichuraiana. 19. Caroline Cook, T. (Cook, 1871.) Seedling from Safrano. 17. Catherine Bell. (Bell & Son, 1877.) 17. Doubtless identical with Miss Bell. Champion of the World, Bengal. (Woodhouse, 1894.) 1. Champney's Pink Cluster, N. Supposed hybrid of R. chinensis and R. moschata; raised about 1816 by John Champney, of Charleston, S. C. About 1817 Philip Noisette, of the same city, grew from it a rose which his brother, Louis Noisette, of Paris, distributed as Blush Noisette. 2, 16. Champ Weiland, H.T. (Weiland and Risch, reg. A. R. S., 1916.) Sport from Killarney. 15. Charles Getz, B. (Cook, 1871.) 17. Charles Wagner, H.P. (Van Fleet, 1904; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) Jean Liabaud X Victor Hugo. Childs' Jewel, H.T. (Childs, 1902.) Sport from Killarney. 15. Christine Wright, H.W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1909.) Unnamed seedling x Caroline Testout. Cinderella, H.W. (Walsh, 1909.) 15, 19. Clara Barton. (Van Fleet, 1898.) Clothilde Soupert x American Beauty. 16. Climbing American Beauty, H.W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1909.) American Beauty X Marion Dingee X Wichuraiana. 15. Silver Medal A. R. S., 1915. Climbing Bridesmaid, T. (Dingee & Conard, .) Sport. 15. Climbing Cecils Brunner, Poly. (Sport at Riverside, Calif., 1901.) 15. Climbing Clothilde Soupert, Poly. (Dingee & Conard, 1902.) Sport. 19. Climbing Etoile de France, H.T. (Howard Rose Co., 1915.) Sport. 15. Climbing Frau Karl Druschki, H.P. (Lawrenson, 1906.) Sport. 15, 19. Climbing Gruss an Teplitz, H.T. (Storrs & Harrison, 1911.) Sport. 15. Climbing Helene Gambier, H.T. (California Rose Co. 1911.) Sport. 16. Climbing Helen Gould, H.T. (Good & Reese, 1912.) Sport. 15. Climbing Hugh Dickson, H.P. (California Rose Company, 1914.) Sport. 15. Climbing Kill.\rney, H.T. (Reinberg, 1908.) Sport. 15. Climbing La France, H.T. (Henderson, 1893.) Sport. 1, 3, 19. Climbing Marie Guillot, T. (Good & Reese, 1897.) Sport. Syns. President Cleveland and Frances Willard. 15. Climbing Meteor, H.T. Sport. 3. Climbing Mme. Welche, T. (Mellen, 1911.) Sport. 15. Climbing Moselkv, Poly. (Conard & Jones Co., 1909.) Sport. 15, 19. Climbing Mrs. W. J. Grant, H.T. (E. G. Hill Company, 1899.) Sport. 15. Climbing My Maryland, H.T. (Dingee & Conard, 1915.) Sport. 15. Climbing Oriental, C. (U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1914.) Seedling. 15. Climbing Papa Gontier, T. (Riverside, Cal., 1901.) Sport. 15. Climbing Perle des Jardins, T. (J. Henderson, 1891.) Sport. 2, 3, 13, 17, 19. Climbing Pink American Beauty, H.T. (U. S. Nur. Co., reg. 1914.) 15. Climbing Pink Maman Cochet, T. (Conard & Jones Co., 1915.) Sport. 15. Climbing Rainbow, T. (California Rose Company, 1914.) Sport. 15. Climbing Rhea Reid, H.T. (California Rose Company, 1914.) Sport. 15. Climbing Sunburst, H.T. (Howard Rose Co., 1915.) Sport. 15. Climbing Winnie DA\ns, H.T. (California Rose Company, 1913.) Sport. 15. Climbing Wootton, H.T. (Thos. Butler, 1899.) Sport. 15. LIST OF AMERICAN ROSES m Columbia, H.W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1905.) Unnamed seedling x Caroline Testout. Columbia, H.T. (Hill, reg. A. R. S., 1917.) Ophelia x Mrs. George Shawyer. CoQUiNA, H.W. (Walsh, 1909.) 15, 19. Cora L. Barton, N. (Buist, about 1850.) Seedling from Lamarque, N. Cornelia Cook, T. (Cook, 1855.) 15, 19. Sometimes given as Cornelia Koch. (A. Koch, 1855.) Seedling from Devoniensis. 17. Coronet, H.T. (Dingee & Conard, 1897.) Carmine, 1; white, yellow, 18. Crimson Champion, H.T. (Cook, 1916.) 15. Crimson Queen, H.T. (Montgomery, 1912.) Liberty x Richmond x General MacArthur. Crimson Roamer, H.W. (Manda, 1901.) Bardou Job x Jersey Beauty. Cumberland Belle, Moss. (Dreer, 1900.) Sport from Princess Adelaide. 19. Dark Pink Russell, H.T. (Montgomery, 1916.) Sport. 15. David Harum, H.T. (Hill, 1904.) 3, 19. Dawson, H.Mult. (Dawson, 1890.) R. multiflora x Gen. Jacqueminot twice. 19. Dawson's Hybrid Rugosa, H.Ru. (Dawson, .) General Jacqueminot X R. rugosa. 15. Dawsoniana, Mult. (Ellwanger, 1901.) 13. Daybreak, H.W. (Dawson, 1909.) R. Wichuraiana X R- indica carnea. Daydawn, H.T. (Heller Brothers, 1909.) 15. Debutante, W. (Walsh, 1902.) R. Wichuraiana x Baroness Rothschild. 15, 16, 19. Defiance, H.T. (Hill, 1907.) Lady Battersea X Gruss an TepUtz. 19. Defiance, H.T. (Kress, registered 1914.) "Cross between Gruss an Teplitz and Etoile de France." Delight, H.Cl. (Walsh, 1904.) A. R. S. Cert, of Merit. 15, 19. Dinsmore, H.P. (Henderson, 1888.) 1. Dorothy Perkins, H.W. (Jackson & Perkins, 1902.) R. Wichuraiana x Mme. Gabriel Luizet. 9. (1901.) 15. Double L^vigata, Lsev. (California, 1900.) 15. Double Ophelia, H.T. (Hill, reg. A. R. S., 1917.) Ophelia x imnamed seedling. Double Pink Killarney, H.T. (Robert Scott & Son, 1910.) Sport. 15. Double White Killarney, H.T. (Budlong, 1913.) Sport. 15. Double White Killarney, H.T. (Totty, 1914.) Sport. 15. Dr. Kane, N. (Pentland, 1856.) 16, 17. Dr. W. Van Fleet, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1910.) R. Wichuraiana x Souv. du President Carnot. Eastern Gem, T. (Conard & Jones Co., 1905.) 19. Edwin Lonsdale, H.W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1903.) R. Wichuraiana X Safrano. 19. Elegans, Setigera type. (Feast, about 1843.) Syn., Chilicothe Multiflora. 10. Elizabeth Zeigler, H.W. (A. N. Pierson, reg. 1917.) Sport of Dor. Perkins. Ella Chatin, H.T. (Hill, 1909.) 13. Ella May, T. (May, 1890.) 5. Empress of China, Bengal. (Jackson & Perkins, 1896.) 5, 15, 19. Enchanter, H.T. (Cook, 1903.) Caroline Testout x Furon. 19. Erskine Park Belle, W. (Edw. J. Norman; will probably be introduced in 1918.) Sport from R. Wichuraiana. 15. Etoile de France, Jr., H.T. (California Rose Company, 1911.) Sport. 15. Eva Corinne, Setigera type. (Pierce, of Washington, D. C, 185-.) 10. Evangeline, H.W. (Walsh, 1906.) 15, 19. R. Wichuraiana x Crimson Rambler. 12. m THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Evergreen Gem, H.W. (Manda, 1889.) R. Wichuraiana X Mme. Hoste. 19. ExcEi^A, H.Cl. (Walsh, 1908.) Hubbard Gold Medal, A. R.S., 1914. 15. Farquhar, H.W. (Dawson, 1903.) R. Wichuraiana X Crimson Rambler. 15, 16, 19. FL.A.G OF THE Union, T. (Hallock & Thorpe.) Sport from Bon Silene. 17. Flower of Fairfield, Mult. (Schultheis, 1909.) 13. (1908.) 15. (Ludorf, 1908.) 19. *Flush o'Dawn, H.T. (Walsh, 1902.) Margaret Dickson x Sombreuil. 19. Francis Scott Key, H.T. (Cook, 1913.) Radiance x No. 411 (an unnamed crimson seedling). Gainsborough, Cl.H.T. (Good & Reese, 1903.) Syn., Climbing Viscountess Folkestone, from which it is a sport. 15. Gardenia, H.W. (Manda, 1899.) R. Wichuraiana x Perle des Jardins. 19. Garnet Climber, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1907.) Gem of the Prairie, Setigera type. (Burgesse, 1868.) Queen of the Prairie X Mme. Laffay, H.P. 7. General MacArthur, H.T. (Hill, 1904.) 19. General Robert E. Lee, T. (Good & Reese, 1896.) 15. General von Moltke, H.P. (Bell & Son, 1873.) Seedling from Charles Lefebvre. Inferior. 17. George Peabody, B. (Pentland, 1857.) 16. Seedling from Paul Joseph. 17. Golden Gate, T. (Dingee & Conard, 1892.) 9, 19. Safrano X Cornelia Cook. 5, 9. (Jones of New Orleans, about 1888.) 16. Golden Gem, H.T. (Towill, reg. A. R. S., 1917.) Lady Hillingdon x Harry Kirk. Golden Trophy, Cl.T. (California Rose Company, 1914.) 15. Greville, Mult. (America, 1900.) Syns., Grevillea and Seven Sisters. 15. Hadley, H.T. (Montgomery, 1914.) Liberty x Richmond, the resulting seed- ling X General MacArthur. Awarded Gold Medal A. R. S., 1914. Hansa, H.Ru. (Iowa Experiment Station, .) 15. Harison's Yellow, Brier. (Harison, of New York.) 10, 19. (1830.) 15. Helen Good, T. (Good & Reese, 1906.) Sport from Maman Cochet. 15, 19. Helen Taft, H.T. (U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1913.) 15. Henry Irving, H.P. (Conard & Jones, 1907.) 19. Henry M. Stanley, T. (Dingee & Conard, 1879.) 15. Hiawatha, H.Cl. (Walsh, 1904.) A. R. S. First Prize. 15, 16. Crimson Rambler x Carmine Pillar. 19. HiGHL.\ND Mary, H.T. (Dingee & Conard, 1908.) 19. Hoosier Beauty, H.T. (F. Dorner & Sons Co., 1915.) Ideal, H.T. (Jacob Becker, 1900.) 15, 19. Indiana, H. T. (Hill, 1907.) 13. Rosalind Orr English X Frau Karl Druschki. 12. Intensity, H.T. (Dingee & Conard, 1908.) 19. Isabella Gray, N. (Gray, 1855.) Seedling from Cloth of Gold or Chroma- tella. 8, 17. Isabella Sprunt, T. (Sprunt, 1866.) 15. Sport from Safrano. 17. Ivory, T. (American Rose Company, 1902.) Sport from Golden Gate. 3, 19. James Sprunt, Cl.B. (Sprunt, 1850.) 6, 9. Sport from Agrippina. 17. Jane, Setigera tjise. (Pierce, about 1850.) 1, 10. Janice Meredith, Bengal. (Hill, 1903.) Hermosa x La France. 9. Jersey Beauty, H.W. (Manda, 1899.) R. Wichuraiana X Perle des Jardins. 19. John Burton, W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1903.) 15. R. Wichuraiana x Safrano. 19. ♦Probably identical with Blush o' Dawn, H.T. (Walsh, 1902.) 13. LIST OF AMERICAN ROSES 123 J. S. Fay, H.P. (Walsh, 1908.) 15, 19. Jubilee, H.P. (Henderson, 1898.) 1, 19. (1897.) 15. (Walsh, 1897.) Victor Hugo X Prince Camille de Rohan. 16. Kalmia, H.W. (Walsh, 1913.) 15. Keystone, Mult. (Dingee & Conard, 1904.) 15, 19. KiLLARNEY QuEEN, H.T. (J. A. Budlong & Son Co., 1909.) 15. King David, H.T. (California Rose Company, 1910.) 15. King of the Prairies, Setigera type. (Feast, 1843.) 1, 10. La Detroit, H.T. (Hopp, 1904.) 15. Caroline Testout X Bridesmaid. 19. (P. Breitmeyer's Sons, 1903.) 16. Lady Blanche, H.W^ (Walsh, 1913.) 15. Lady Cromwell, H.T. (A.N. Pierson, Inc., 1912.) Sport My Maryland. 15. Lady Dorothea, T. (Dunlop, 1898.) 16. Lady Duncan, Creeper, H.W. (Dawson, 1909.) R. WichuraianaxR. rvgosa. Lady Gay, W. (Walsh, 1905.) 15, 19. R. Wichiiraiana x Bardou Job. 5, 16. Lady Mars, Cl.T. (California Rose Company, 1909.) 15. La Fiamma, H.W. (Walsh, 1909.) 15, 19. Landreth's Carmine, N. (D. & C. Landreth, 1824.) Syn., Carmine Cluster. 10. Lansdowne, H.T. (Leonard, registered 1914.) 15. Le Vesuve, Bengal-C. (Sprunt, 1858.) 3. Lilly Ito, Semp. (Hill, 1907.) 19. Little Sunshine, Poly. (Hybridized by Alexander R. Cumming, Jr.; reg. A. R. S., 1915, by A. N. Pierson, Inc.) R. multiflora nana X Soleil d'Or. Little White Pet, Poly. (Henderson, 1879.) 1, 13, 19. Los Angeles, H.T. (Howard, registered A. R. S. 1916.) Mme. Segond Weber X Lyon Rose. 15. LuciLE, H.W. (Walsh, 1913.) 15. Madison, T. (Hentz, 1912.) 15. Madonna, H.T. (Cook, 1908.) 19. Lady Mary Fitz^dlham X • 12. Sport from W^hite Lady. 19. Magnafrano, H.T. (Van Fleet, 1905; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) Magna Charta X Safrano. 19. Maid Marion, H. W. (Walsh, 1909.) 15. Maid of Honor, T. (Hoffmeister, 1899.) Sport of Catherine Mermet. 16, 19. Manda's Triumph, W. (Manda, 1897.) 3. R. Wichuraiana X a Hybrid Per- petual. 19. Marion Dingee, H.T. (Cook, 1889.) Caserta x General Jacqueminot. Marechal Niel x (Pierre Notting x Safrano). 19. Mark Twain, H.T. (Hill, reg. A. R. S. 1902.) 5, 13, 19. Marshall P. Wilder, H.P. (Ellwanger & Barry, 1885.) 15, 16, 17. Mary Hill, H.T. (Hill, 1917.) Ophelia x Sunburst. MaryLovett, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1915.) R. Wichuraiana X Frau Karl Druschki. Mary Washington, Mult. Said to have been planted by George Washington on his estate at Mount Vernon and named by him in honor of his mother. 18 . Maud Little, T. (Dingee & Conard, 1891.) 1. Mayflower, T. (Hill, 1910.) May Miller, H.T. (Hill, 1910.) May Queen, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1898; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) 19. R. Wichuraiana X Mrs. de Graw. 16, Milady, H.T. (Towill, 1913.) Richmond X J. B. Clark. Milky Way, H. W. (Walsh, 1909.) 15. Minnehaha, H.W. (Walsh, 1905.) 15. R. Wichuraiana X Paul Neyron. 5. 16, 19. 124 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Miss Bell, T. (Int. and date unknown.) 10. See Catherine Bell. Miss Kate Moulton, H.T. (Monson, 1906.) 15. Mme. C. Testout X La France x Belle Siebrecht. 19. Miss Sargent, T. (Mackenzie, of Philadelphia, about 185-.) 10. Mme. Boll, H.P. (Boll, 1859.) 5, 6, 16, 17. Mme. Byrne, N. (Buist, 1850.) 10. Mme. Caradori-Allan, Setigera t}^e. (Feast, 1843.) 1, 17. Mme. Trudealtc, H.P. (Boll, 1850.) 1, 17. D. (Boll [?]). 10. Montrose, H.T. (Cook, 1916.) 15. Mrs. Bayard Thayer, H.T. (Waban Rose Cons., reg. A. R. S., 1916.) 15. Mrs. Belmont Tiffany, H.T. (Budlong, 1917; reg. 1917 A. R. S. and intro. by A. N. Pierson, Inc., 1918.) Sport of Sunburst. Mrs. Charles Bell, H.T. (A. N. Pierson, reg. A. R. S. 1917.) Sport of Radiance. Mrs. Charles Russell, H.T. (Montgomery, 1913.) "Mme. Abel Chatenay, Marquise Litta, Caroline Testout, Mrs. W. J. Grant, General MacArthur, and three seedlings resulting from these crosses are all combined to pro- duce Mrs. Charles Russell." Mrs. Chas. Dingee, H.T. (Dingee & Conard, .) 15. Mrs. Chas. Gersdorff, Cl.H.T. (Gersdorff, reg. A. R. S. 1916.) White Climbing Rose x Killarney. Mrs. Cleveland, H.P. (Gill, 1897.) 1, 13, 19. Mrs. de Graw, B. (Burgess, 1885.) 16. Mrs. F. F. Thompson, H.T. (Totty, 1915.) 15. Mrs. Ho\tey, Setigera type. (Pierce, about 1850.) 1, 7, 16. Mrs. J. Pierpont Morgan, T. (May, 1895.) 15, 16. Sport from Mme. Cusin. Mrs. M. H. Wai^h, H.Cl. (Walsh, 1911.) Gold Medal of A. R. S., 1911. 15. Mrs. Moorfield Storey, H.T. (Waban Rose Conservatories, reg. A. R. S. 1915.) General MacArthur X Joey Hill. Mrs. Oliver Ames, H.T. (May, 1902.) 15, 19. Sport from Mme. Cusin. 16. Mrs. Opie, T. (Bell & Son, 1877.) 17. Mrs. Pierce, Setigera tjTpe. (Pierce, about 1850.) 10, 17. Mrs. Potter Palmer, H.T. (Breitmeyer, 1909.) 19. Mrs. Robert Garrett, H.T. (Cook, 1900.) Caserta x F. E. Verdier. Mrs. Robert Peary, C.T. (Dingee & Conard, 1898.) Sport from Kaiserin Augusta Victoria. 15. Mrs. Sarah Yeats, H.T. (Originated and reg. by Yeats, 1916; intro. by A. L. Randall Co., 1917.) 15. Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt, H.T. (Hill, 1904.) Sport of La France. 19. Mrs. W. C. Whitney, H.T. (May, 1894.) 11, 16. Mrs. Wm. R. Hearst, H.T. (A. N. Pierson, Inc., reg. A. R. S., 1916.) 15. Muriel Moore, H.T. (Moore, 1916.) Sport of My Maryland. My Maryland, H.T. (Cook, 1908.) Madonna x Enchanter. Nelmore, H.T. (Meyers & Santmann, 1916.) 15. Nevia, Setigera type. (Feast, 1843.) 10. New Century, H.Ru. (Van Fleet, 1900; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.)^R. rugosa X Clothilde Soupert. Newport Fairy, H.W. (Gardner; intro. by Roehrs, 1908.) 12, 19. NiLES CocHET, T. (California, .) 15. Norma, H.T. (Dingee & Conard, 1904.) 4, 19. Northern Light, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1898; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) Wichuraiana hybrid. 19. Oakmont, H.P. (May, 1893.) 15, 19. LIST OF AMERICAN ROSES 125 Old Blush, N. (Noisette, 1817.) 2. Olivia, H.T. (Hill, 1907.) 15, 19. Oriole, H.T. (California Rose Company, 1910.) 15. Pallida, Setigera type. (Feast, about 1843.) 10, 17. Panama, H.P. (Hill, 1908.) Paul Neyron x seedling of Joseph Hill. 5. Panama, H.T. (Cook, 1913.) Dreuschia x unnamed pink seedling. Awarded Silver Medal of A. R. S., 1915. Pan America, H.T. (Henderson, 1902.) American Beauty X Caroline Testout. 19. Paradise, H.W. (Walsh, 1907.) 15, 19. Paul de Longpre, H.T. (Hill, 1906.) 19. Pearl Queen, W. R. Wichuraiana x Mrs. de Graw. 16. Pearl Rivers, T. (Dingee & Conard, 1890.) 1, 16. Perpetual Michigan, Setigera type. (Feast, about 1843.) 10. Everbloom- ing Prairie Queen may be a synonym. Philadelphia, Ramb. Crimson Rambler x Victor Hugo. 16, 19. Probably the same as Philadelphia, H.Mult. (Van Fleet, 1904; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) Pillar of Gold, T. (Conard & Jones, 1909.) 19. Pink Cherokee, Lsev. (California, 1887.) R. laevigata x R. indica. 15. Pink Frau Karl Druschki, H.P. (California Rose Co., 1910.) Sport. 15. Pink Ophelia, H.T. (Howard & Smith, 1916.) Sport from Ophelia. Pink Pearl, H.W. (Manda, 1901.) R. Wichuraiana X Meteor. Pink Roamer, H.W. (Manda, 1898.) 19. Pink Soupert, Poly. (Dingee & Conard, 1896.) 1. Pom Pom, H.Cl. (U. S. Dept. Agri., 1915.) Crimson Rambler x R. Wichuraiana. 15. President Taft, H.T. (McCullough, 1908.) 15. Pretty American (Rosa Lawrenciana) . (Boll, 183- or 185-.) 10. Pride of Washington, Setigera type. (Pierce, about 185-.) 7, 10, 19. Primrose, T. (Dingee & Conard, 1908.) 19. Princess Bonnie, T. (Dingee & Conard, 1897.) 1. Bon Silene X Wm. F. Bennett. 19. Priscilla, H.P. (Henderson, .) Frau Karl Druschki x unnamed seedling. 5. Prof. C. S. Sargent, H.W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1903.) R. Wich- uraiana X Souvenir d'Auguste Metral. (Not the same as Sargent.) 19. Purity, H.W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1917.) Unnamed seedling X Caroline Testout. Silver Medal of A. R. S., 1915. Queen Beatrice, H.T. (Credited to Kramer, 1907, by Good & Reese.) 15. (Dingee & Conard, 1906.) 15. Queen OF Edgely, H.P. (Floral Exchange, 1902.) 19. (Floral Exchange, 1897.) Sport from American Beauty. Syn., Pink American Beauty. 15. Queens Scarlet, Bengal. (Hallock & Thorpe, 1880.) 15, 17."^ Radiance, H.T. (Cook, 1908.) Enchanter X Cardinal. Awarded Silver Medal of A. R. S., 1914. 19. Rainbow, T. (Sievers, 1891.) Sport from Papa Gontier. 3, 19. (Dingee & Conard, 1891.) 2. Sievers was probably the originator. Ramona, Laev. (Dietrich & Turner, 1913.) Sport from Pink Cherokee. Syn., rvf (1 C nPT*OKOf^ 1 ^ Red Radiance, H.T. (A. N. Pierson, Inc., 1916.) 15. Regina, H.Ramb. (Walsh, 1916.) 15. Reliance, H.T. (Hill, 1910.) 4, 19. Etoile de France X Chateau de Clos Vougeot. 15. 126 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Rena Robbins, H.T. (Hill, 1911.) Paul Neyron x Mme. Jenny Guillemot. Rhea Reid, H.T. (Hill, 1908.) American Beauty X red seedling. 12, 19. Richmond, H.T. (Hill, 1905.) Lady Battersea X Liberty. 19. Robert Craig, H.W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1903.) R. Wichuraiana X Beaute Inconstante. 19. Robert Heller, T. (Hill, 1911.) Robert Scott, H.T. (Robert Scott & Son, 1901.) 15. Merveille de Lyon X Belle Siebrecht (Mrs. W. J. Grant). 19. Robin Hood, H.T. (Hill, 1912.) Rosalie, T. (Ellwanger & Barry, 1884.) Seedling from Marie Van Houtte. 17. Rosalind Orr English, H.T. (Hill, 1905.) 3, 15. Mme. Abel Chatenay x Papa Gontier. 19. Rosa spinosissima hybrida. (Elliott Nursery, .) 15. Rosemary, H.T. (Hill, 1907.) 15, 19. Rose Premier, H.T. (Hill, reg. A. R. S., 1917.) Ophelia x Mrs. Charles Russell. Rose Queen. H.T. (Hill, 1911.) RosERiE, H. Ramb. (R. Witterstastter, 1917.) Sport from Tausendschon. 15. Royal Cluster, Ramb. (Conard & Jones Co., 1899.) Hermosa X Dawson. 19. Ruby Gold, T. (O'Connor, 1892.) Sport from a graft of Catherine Mermet on Marechal Niel. 16. Ruby Queen, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1899; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) R. Wichuraiana X Queens Scarlet. 16. RuGOSA MAGNiFiCA, H.Ru. (Van Fleet, 1905; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) R. rugosa X Ards Rover. Russell's Cottage, Setigera t\^e. (America, 1900.) 13, 15, 19. Ruth Vestal, Cl.T. (Vestal & Sons, 1908.) Syn., Clunbing Bride. 15. Santa Rosa, Bengal. (Burbank, 1900.) 13, 19. Sarah Isabelle Gill, T. (Gill, 1897.) 19. Sargent, H.W. (Dawson, 1910.) R. Wichuraiana x Crimson Rambler x Baroness Rothschild. Satisfaction, N. (California Rose Company, 1915.) 15. September Morn, H.T. (Turner, 1915.) Sport from Mme. Paul Euler. 15. Setina, Cl.B. (Henderson, 1879.) Sport from Hermosa; syn.. Climbing Hermosa. 9, 17, 19. Shepherd's Oriole, N. (T. B. Shepherd Company, 1905.) 15. Silver Moon, H.W. (Van Fleet, 1910.) R. Wichuraiana x Cherokee rose. Sir Thomas Lipton, H.Ru. (Van Fleet, 1900; intro. by Conard & Jones Co.) R. rugosa x Clothilde Soupert. 19, Snow-ball, Poly. (Walsh, 1901.) 19. Snowdrift, H.Cl. (Walsh.) Snowdrift, W. (Smith, 1914.) 15. Snowflake, T. (Strauss & Co., Washington, D. C, 1890.) 15, 17. South Orange Perfection, W. (Manda, 1899.) 3. {R. Wichuraiana x Mad. Hoste. 19. Souv. de Henry Clay, Scotch hybrid. (Boll, 1854.) 17. Souv. OF Wootton, H.T. (Cook, 1888.) Bon Silene X Louis Van Houtte. Said to be the first Hybrid Tea rose raised in the United States. 19. Spectacular, H.T. (Elliott, 1912.) Syn., Striped Killarney. 15. Summer Joy, H.Cl. (Walsh, 1911.) 15. Sunbeam, T. (California Rose Company, 1908.) 15. Sunset, T. (Henderson, 1884.) 2, 9. Sport from Perle des Jardins. 9. (1883.) 16, 19. Superba, Setigera type. (Feast, about 1843.) 10, 16, 17. LIST OF AMERICAN ROSES 127 Sweetheart, H.W. (Walsh, 1903.) Wichuraiana X Bridesmaid. 15, 16, 19. Sweet Marie, H.T. (California Rose Company, 1915.) Sport from Mrs. G. W. Kershaw. 15. Tennessee Belle, H.Cl. (America, .) 15. The Oregon, H.T. (Hill, date not given.) Liberty x unnamed seedling. 12. The Queen, T. (Dingee & Conard, 1896.) 1, 19. Sport from Souv. d'Un Ami. 15. Thora, H.T. (Burton, 1911-.) 15. Triumph, H.T. (E. G. Hill Company. 1906 or 1907.) 3, 13. Triumphant, Setigera type. (Pierce, 1850.) 1, 10, 16. Troubadour, H. W. (Walsh, 1911.) 15. Uncle John, T. (Thorpe, 1904.) 15, 19. Universal Favorite, W. (Manda, 1899.) 3. R. Wichuraiana x American Beauty. 19. Urania, H.Cl. (Walsh, 1902.) A. R. S. Special Newbold Fund Prize. Urania, H.P. (Walsh, 1906.) 3. (1905.) Seedling from American Beauty. 16. American Beauty (Mme. Ferd. Jamain) x Mme. Rodocanachi. 19. Vick's Caprice, H.P. (Vick, 1893.) 1. (1889.) 15. Sport from Archduchesse d'Austriche. 16, 19. Virginia, T. (Dingee & Conard, 1894.) 1. Viridiflora, Bengal. (Originated in Baltimore, Md., about 1850.) 10, 19. (Harrison, of Baltimore, Md., 1856.) 1. (Rambridge and Harrison, 1856.) 15. Waban, T. (E. M. Wood & Co., 1891.) Sport of Catherine Mermet. 16, 19. Washington, Bengal. (D. & C. Landreth, about 1824.) 10. Washington, N. (Stewart, of Philadelphia, Pa., about 185-.) 10, 17. W, C. Egan, H.W. (Dawson, 1900.) R. Wichuraiana x General Jacqueminot. Wedding Bells, Ramb. (Walsh, 1906.) 19. Seedling from Crimson Ramb. 16. Wellesley, H.T. (Montgomery, 1904.) Liberty X Bridesmaid. 16. West Grove, H.T. (Dingee & Conard, registered 1914.) Liberty x Kaiserin Augusta Victoria. White Cochet, T. (Cook, 1896.) Sport. 16, 19. White Dawson, H.Mult. (Ellwanger, 1901.) 19. White Killarney, H.T. (Waban Rose Conservatories, 1909.) 15, 19, White Shawyer, H.T. (Totty, 1915.) Sport. 15. White Star, H.W. (Manda, 1901.) Jersey Beauty X Manda's Triumph. Winona, H. Ramb. (Walsh, 1913.) 15. Winter Gem, T. (Childs. 1898.) 15. W. R. Smith, T. (Smith, 1908; intro. by Peter Henderson & Co., 1908.) Maman Cochet x Kaiserin Augusta Vic^toria. Syns., Jeannette Heller, Chas. Dingee, Maiden's Blush, and President Wm. R. Smith, 4, 15, 19. Wm. K. Harris, W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1903.) 15, 19. Woodland Marguerite, N. (Pentland, 1859.) 17, W. T. Dreer, W. (Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co., 1903.) 4, 19. Yellow President Carnot, H.T. (California Rose Company, 1910.) 15. The Editor particularly requests information or corrections to aid in making this list accurate. In sending such, corres- pondents are requested to give exact details, so Jar as possible. The Work of the American Rose Society The Seventeenth Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, March 27, 1916 The convention was held in conjunction with the National Flower Show, in Convention Hall, Broad Street and Allegheny xA. venue, and was called to order by President Pennock at 7.30 p. m. The address of the President and the reports of the Secretary and Treas- urer were read as hereafter presented. Upon motion of Robert Simpson, the following resolutions, after discussion, were unanimously adopted: Whereas, Recognizing the right of the originator or disseminator of new roses to the honor of naming such varieties, and assuring the originators and disseminators of meritorious varieties of the sympathy and hearty cooperation of the American Rose Society, therefore, in \aew of the confusion, unnecessary duplication and consequent dis- credit to the trade arising from the renaming of roses, be it Resolved, That the American Rose Society herewith records its disapproval of the prac- tice of renaming roses, and ■vs-ill not countenance such practice unless done in the interest of simplicity of language, in which event the original name should appear alongside the new name in all catalogue or trade-lists of varieties; and be it further Resolved, That the Executive Committee be empowered and directed whenever such renaming of roses occurs to publish in the trade papers or other periodicals authoritative information regarding the origin and original name of such renamed variety, and to take such other action to protect the originator as it may deem ad\'i3able. Harry O. May presented the report of the Committee on Grading Cut Roses (Patrick Welch, Frank H. Traendly, S. S. Pennock, Harry O. May), appointed at the last meeting, as embodied in the following standard: American Beauties: Special, 36 inches or over; fancy, 30 inches or over; extra, 24 inches or over; first, IS inches or over; second, 12 inches or over; third, shorter. Other roses: Extra special, 30 inches or over; special, 24 inches or over; fancy, 18 inches or over; extra, 14 inches or over; first, 10 inches or over; second, shorter. After much discussion, participated in by Messrs. Poehlmann, May, Gude, Elliott, Pierson, Peirce, Renter, Campbell and President Pennock, the report was referred back to the Committee for further action. . President Pennock called up a letter dated February 26, 1916, written by George C. Thomas, Jr., in regard to a proposed scale of points for judging out- door roses. The letter and its accompanying scale of points were then read. After a full statement by Mr. Thomas and discussion by Mr. Pierson, Profes- sor Beal and others, the following resolution was unanimously adopted : Resolved, That the schedule of points for judging outdoor roses originated by Dr. Robert Huey, George C. Thomas, Jr., and Jesse A. Currey, be referred to the Executive Committee with power to act upon same. (128) WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSP: SOCIETY 129 The motion was duly put to the meeting, and unanimously adopted.* On motion of Mr. Pierson, the selection of a place for next year's meeting was referred to the Executive C mmittee with power to act. The election of oflScers being in order, the following were duly nominated and elected: President, S. R Pennock; Vice-President, Louis J. Renter; Treas- urer, Harry O. May; Secretary, Benjamin Hammond. It was announced by the President that there were three vacancies on the Executive Committee to be filled, two by reason of the expiration of the terms of Robert Pyle and J. H. Dunlop, and the third by the resignation of Eber Holmes. These vacancies were filled by the election of Admiral Aaron Ward, E. Allen Peirce, and Robert Pyle. At the request of the meeting. Admiral Ward addressed it as follows: Gentlemen: I thank you for this demonstration of your friendship and confidence. It shall certainly be my duty as well as my pleasure to do all that I can to further the interests of the American Rose Society. Far be it from me on such short — I may say unexpected — notice to make any remarks before such an assemblage as this on any vexed question of planting or blooming or naming of roses or analyses of soil. In such cases, as in some other serious questions that arise in these days, discretion is the better part of rose valor. But there is one point on which I would like to dwell, particularly as my remarks are being made a matter of record, and that is the amount of personal attention and labor that in my opinion the amateur should devote to his garden. I remember to this day the disagreeable impression made on me many years ago by an other^;v•ise pretty story that I read in the American Magazine. It was about two young girls who lived at home in a subiirban village, but who had gone out to a larger and more coun- try resort where they had fallen in with a much older woman, a widow, who under straitened circumstances grew flowers for summer boarders and marketed much of her own product. The young girls, of course, joyfully entered into this work; but they are made to express regret that when they would retiirn home they would be unable to do a like amount of work in their own garden on account of the supposed chance of their losing prestige or social standing. Doubtless those young women represented a type which pictures to itself an English duchess as a sort of supernatural being more or less permanently glued to a ducal throne, and who would no more be seen in public without her coronet on her head than with- out shoes and stockings on her feet. I wish they could see a duchess that I have the honor of knowing, who, by the way, so far as personal beauty, intellectual gifts, and all the acces- sorie* of costume, coronet included, can be everything that is necessary on occasion, and yet I seem to like that duchess best in her roomy garden shoes — I do not dare call them brogans — her fitted corduroy suit, and her old-fashioned sunbonnet, working away in her garden as hard as any of her men. Hers is one of the great show rose-gardens of England, and she toils there as hard as any of her men whenever she gets a chance — and with considerably more intelligence than some of them display. In like manner some people picture to themselves a French marquise as a sort of a creation that lives in an aroma of perfumed and powdered hair, attired in some wonderful costume of silk and lace. Two years ago I visited a municipal rose-garden in Paris, and in talking over with the head gardener the names of the different gold medal roses there was mentioned the name of the Marquise de Sinety, the gold medal rose of 1907; and the gar- dener burst out with, "Now there is a great lady who deserves to be the godmother of a great rose. She does all but the heaviest work of her garden with her own hands; why, she even comes and works here!" In the like line of thought, I have seen one of our American admirals, one of our rattUng good ones, standing in full uniform on some ceremonial occasion, make way for a couple of grimy coal-passers dragging some heavy object between them. We attach a great deal of importance in our navy to the question of precedence, more, possibly, than you do on ♦The full statement of the proposed schedule for judging outdoor rosea will be found in the article, "The Basis of Merit in Roses," on page 43. 130 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL shore; but we attach more importance still to the unwritten law which says, "Respect the workman;" that you should respect the toiler and respect also the idea of manual toil. A man may be rich enough to have a rose-garden of some size and provided with all of the implements and men necessary for its cultivation and its suitable upkeep, in which case the chances are that he cannot give his personal attention to all the details; but what I hope for the amateur is that he in whole or in part shall contribute the labor of his own hands to the work in his garden. Unless he do this, although he may pay for the garden and it may be a very beautiful rose-garden, it will never be his garden. J. H. Dunlop, of Richmond Hill, Ontario, presented a resolution to the effect that the Executive Committee should be increased to nine members, three to retire each year automatically, the object being to enable the Society to elect from its members amateurs who would by their interest and coopera- tion strengthen the membership of the Society. According to the By-Laws, this notice of a change in the Executive Com- mittee was requisite in order that action might be taken at the Annual Meet- ing of 1917. Mr. Pierson addressed the meeting upon the publishing of the first number of the American Rose Annual, and upon the relation to it of J. Horace McFar- land as editor. Continuing, he moved that Mr. McFarland be constituted, in recognition of this work, an Honorary Life Member of the American Rose Society. This motion was unanimously carried. Upon motion of Mr. Dunlop, it was agreed that hereafter the retiring Presi- dent of the American Rose Society be elected Director of the Society of Ameri- can Florists and Ornamental Horticulturists for the ensuing year, or until such time as his successor may be appointed. Upon motion of Mr. Hammond, a vote of thanks was extended by the meet- ing to the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society for the use of the vases tendered to the American Rose Society. President Pennock spoke upon the Dreer rose-garden which was so impor- tant a feature of the Show. He called attention to the fact that this was not a competitive exhibit, but a trade exhibit. Mr. Thomas was then recognized to present a resolution adopted by the judges of the American Rose Society, which was unanimously adopted: In awarding a gold medal for exhibit of roses by Henry A. Dreer, the judges feel that a special word of commendation should accompany the award. Never before at any flower show in the United States has such a result been achieved, and the patience and interest required to accomplish this result is worthy of our •incerest appreciation. The exhibit as arranged deserves the approval of the most artistic, and will surely be a factor in making the Philadelphia Show a success. Philip Brkitmeter, Alexander B. Scott, George C. Thomas, Jr., Judge* Mr. Pierson brought up the matter of a meeting at Cornell University to inspect the test-garden there during the coming June. Being called upon. Profes- sor Beal, of Cornell, spoke of the condition of the roses, and earnestly invited the Society to make a visit to the garden about June 25, or at such date as should be arranged between Cornell and Syracuse. WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 131 Mr. Gude spoke in earnest commendation of the National Test-Garden at the Arlington Farm of the Department of Agriculture, near Washington, urging that more roses be supplied. Among other things, he said, "I would ask that we do everything that we can to make that garden one of the best in the United States. It can be done. The climate and the soil are there; the location is fine. We surely could not have anything better, especially with the United States Government to back it." Mr. Mulford informed the Society that there were at present 453 varieties in the Arlington garden, and that 219 varieties were promised for this season, there being other varieties desired. Mr. Pyle moved that the Executive Committee be instructed to arrange dates and announce them for public gatherings, so far as the American Rose Society is concerned, for the inspection of the various test-gardens, so that the dates might not conflict, and that local committees be requested to cooperate. The motion was carried. President Pennock then requested Dr. Robert Huey, a veteran amateur rose enthusiast, who he said was "probably one of the best amateur rose-growers in this country," to address the meeting. Dr. Huey spoke as follows: Mr. President and Gentlemen: I do not believe I have anything to say, except that I was most delighted to receive a copy of the Rose Annual through my friend ^Ir. Scott, and which I believe marks an epoch in the development of the American Rose Society. It is an evidence that the Society has begun to do something which I have been advocating to my friend Mr. Hammond for a great many years. This little book will be most helpful to amateurs. I think the amateuf ought to be considered more than he has been in the past, and I believe that this is an indication that the American Rose Society really intends to do, as in fact it has done, some splendid work for the amateur; and the keeping up of this work for a number of years will bring the American Rose Society and the amateur into their proper relation. The amateur ought to support the American Rose Society, there is no question about that, and there are millions of people in this country who love flowers, who love roses, and who will be ready and willing to help now that you have given them the opportunity. It has been in my mind for some time past, and I hope that all of you gentlemen present tonight will think about it, whether it would not be well for the American Rose Society to organize something like a bureau of information and have a committee regularly appointed who would answer questions for the amateur who is unable to get information of the specific kind that he desires at home. When I began to grow roses thirty-eight years ago I found it was almost impossible for me to get any information that was at all reliable. I could not get it from growers. The only plants that I could ever find were little bits of things about seven or eight inches high that had to be forced under glass. Those were the only plants that I could get seven or eight years ago. When I went to a garden and saw some good roses I was unable to learn from the owner of the garden what the names of those roses were, and in many cases where they had been obtained. I found that the people who had the information were determined to keep it to themselves; they wanted to excel in rose-gardening and did not want to help anybody else. I am afraid that that spirit has not been entirely eliminated yet. [A Voice: "It is being eliminated."] Yes, it is being eliminated, but not sufficiently so. If the Ameri- can Rose Society would have a committee to whom questions of that kind could be referred by the members of the Society, do you not see what an encouragement that would be and how it would tend to increase the membership of our Society? Such a committee would draw people to the fountain-head for the information. Many of you have read the ques- tions and answers in the Cornell papers, and the questions that were asked many of them you thought were simply ridiculous. This only shows the need for information on the part of the general public; and if the American Rose Society would appoint some sort of a committee who would do these things it would be the greatest help to the people, and would ultimately be a great help to the American Rose Society. 132 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL A motion was then made and carried that the recommendation of Dr. Huey, with respect to the provision of information, be referred to the Executive Com- mittee with power to act. Mr. Pierson requested leave to make inquiry of Mr. Mulford with respect to the request for roses coming from the National Test-Garden at Arlington, to which Mr. Mulford did make due reply. No further business offering, on motion, the meeting was adjourned with- out day. PRESIDENT PENNOCK'S ADDRESS We meet in annual session, under most favorable conditions, in conjunction with the Fourth National Flower Show, thus giving the American Rose Society an impetus and uplift that will be far-reaching. I am going to say to you, and not boastfully either, that the American Rose Society has taken no small part in making this Show the success it is. Every member will, I know, after viewing the plants, cut-flowers, rose-gardens, and other exhibits here, feel it is an honor to be connected with the American Rose Society. A Show like this creates a love for flowers: flowers from the flower-store in winter; flowers from the garden in the summer; flowers for every flower-lover every day in the year. It is these desires we want to encourage. For some years the Society has gone along mostly on commercial lines, and as such it has appealed to the commercial man more than to the amateur. The rose industry of this country is large and must not be lost sight of; at the same time the amateur rosarian is becoming more and more of a factor each year. Not only is his work a benefit and an inspiration to the commercial man, but he is popularizing the rose as no other means can or will. The amateur, I feel, is the one we must look mostly to in increasing our membership and bringing the Society more nearly to the level of the National Rose Society of England, which has a membership of over 6,000, and is a flourishing society, I want to make a strong appeal for the amateur, believing a large member- ship is the only way we can bring the Society to that state of eflSciency which every member, whether active or associate, wishes to attain. A month ago I had a visit from Dr. Robert Huey about this very amateur business — and, by the way. Dr. Huey ceased being a member of this Society on account of its offering the amateur so little, but I am glad to say he is again with us. He brought with him a letter from Mr. W. E. Davis, a rose enthusiast of New Haven, with a very strong appeal for the amateur in our Society, asking that this matter be taken up in a vigorous manner at our annual meeting. Publicity. — Along the lines of publicity we are doing all the Society can at this time financially support, and I believe for what money we are spending we are getting splendid results. An increased membership and a better treasury balance will enable us to offer our members more in the way of literature and general rose information, giving them such value that they will feel an increase in associate membership dues in the next few years will be thoroughly justified; so let every member, whether active or associate, strive to help our publicity campaign, to increase the membership and give us a Society worth while. WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 133 I note with pleasure that we are having more societies affiliating with us each year. I believe it is only a matter of time when a great many of these affiliated members will want to become either associate or active members. Should not the secretary of each affiliated society have a voice in the Rose Society the same as an active member? I make this as a recommendation. These affiliated members will mean new friends that will join with the old in making this Society a tower of strength and make it truly national in scope and character as well as in name. Another point in publicity. We believe our friends, the rose-catalogue men could be instrumental in bringing in new members in large numbers by making mention of the American Rose Society in their catalogues, setting forth its aims and purposes. Tke American Rose Annual. — This year's Rose Annual, which has been so ably edited by J. Horace McFarland, is not only a credit to the Society, but as well a treatise on roses invaluable to every member, both the commercial and amateur rosarian. It will, we are sure, make for new members wherever it goes and add new life to our Society. Test-Gardens. — The American Rose Society, in establishing test-gardens in various parts of the United States, is w^orking out a feature that will become a most valuable and far-reaching asset to rose-growing. These test-gardens are now firmly established in Washington, in Hartford, at Cornell University (Ithaca, N. Y.), and in Minneapolis. A committee has been appointed to look after and take charge of each gar- den. The plan in these test-gardens is to have at least five plants of a kind in the case of Hybrid Teas and Teas, and two of a kind in the case of Climbers, of every known variety that can be obtained. Accurate records are to be kept as to how they flourish, the amount of bloom, and whatever statistics as to temperature, soil, etc., that may be deemed necessary by the committees in charge. Anyone contemplating the growing of a certain variety — for instance, in the same climate as Washington — might refer to the appropriate test-garden reports and see how that variety has done; whether it was hardy, whether it was able to stand the hot summer, and so on. These test-gardens as they are established from time to time in the various cities of the United States and Canada, will make one of the many interesting features fostered by the Rose Society. Scale for Judging Outdoor Roses. — The offiicial scale of points for judging outdoor roses, as adopted by the Rose Society some years ago, has been thought by some of our rose enthusiasts to be insufficient and not covering the ground completely. Dr. Huey, Jesse A. Currey, and George C. Thomas, Jr., have had some correspondence on this subject, and have made up a scale of points which they consider makes a better scale to judge by, which will later be reported on. Registration of Roses. — Accurate registration of roses is a very important matter. We can go back only a few years and find incomplete and at times very inaccurate records of roses of American origin. The Department of Agri- culture at Washington has under way the compiling of a record of roses of American origin and sports, and with the registration as kept by the American 134 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Rose Society, we believe we will have records better and more accurate than could be gotten together in any other way. Renaming of Roses. — The renaming of roses, whether of American or for- eign origin, is to my mind a very pernicious practice, and one that the Ameri- can Rose Society is not at all in accord with. With this idea in view, the Society at one of its Executive Committee meetings appointed Robert Simpson, H. O. May, and Robert Pyle, who will make a report at this meeting, and I sincerely hope that you will adopt their report, believing that it will make for the good of the Society and for the good of honorable business. Plant Pathology. — It has occurred to a number of those interested in roses, particularly those interested in the Society's future, that we should have a department of plant pathology where information could be gotten by the mem- bers who are in trouble with diseases of any nature or any character, whether on indoor- or outdoor-grown roses, with advice as to how to handle this disease and how to avoid a recurrence. A great many of the rose-lovers, particularly the commercial men, know how to cure certain diseases, but they do not always know the fundamental principles, or what causes these diseases; if they did know they could probably handle them in very much better shape. The amateurs also would welcome suggestions as to how to prevent their roses from mildewing, and also how to contest other diseases. What we would like to do would be to establish a fund to take care of such a department, and do it on a basis so that it would be profitable to every rose- grower in the United States and Canada; and I feel that every rose-grower, if for nothing else, should be a member of the Rose Society in order to help sus- tain a department of this nature. There is not a grower in this country but who would give money, and liberally, if he could prevent black-spot, mildew, or any of the many other diseases to which rose plants are subject; and if we had this department on a solid footing we believe it would be only a matter of time when experiments could be made that would eliminate most of the diseases — possibly not eliminate them, but remedy them to a great extent. So the department, no matter what it would cost, instead of being an expense would be a saving to the rose business. This work might be taken up with any of our state agricultural colleges or preferably by the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C, and carried on by them in a businesslike manner. Grading of Cut Roses. — At the annual meeting last year a committee was appointed to look into the grading of roses and the naming of those grades. The committee appointed by President Pierson was S. S. Pennock, P. Welch, and Frank Traendly. H. O. May has been added to that committee, and he will make the report of their recommendation. In conclusion, I want to add a word of praise for our Secretary, who has labored all these years unselfishly and untiringly ^-ith the thought always of what was best for the Society. He has spent time and money for the Society wherever and whenever needed, and has been one of the mainstays of the Society, taking hold of the secretaryship when no one wanted the job and when the Society was almost dowTi and out. WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 135 SECRETARY HAMMOND'S REPORT This is the seventeenth annual meeting of the American Rose Society. It is twelve years since this Society held its last annual meeting in the city of Philadelphia, and in the years which have elapsed since then the development of the American Rose Society as evinced at this time by the exhibition in this convention hall is wonderful. Since our last visit to this city, the Society has been in Boston four times; in Washington, Chicago, Buffalo, and Detroit, once; in New York City, three times. Our membership varies from year to year. The past year, 1915, we had the pleasure of receiving another Life Member, Mr. R. Witterstaetter. The Life Memberships help us in building up our Permanent Fund, which now reaches the sum of $3,200. The Annual Members who have paid up for the year at this date are 194, and there are 51 Associate Members. The rose test-gardens, which began at Hartford, Conn., and now embrace gardens at Washington, Cornell, and Minneapolis, are watched over by special committees appointed by the American Rose Society, and certainly have awakened much practical interest, the bushes to be tested being furnished gratis by rose-growers. Two lots were sent from Europe, one from Kallen & Lunne- mann, of Boskoop, Holland, embracing twenty-nine varieties, 168 plants. These all went to the Cornell garden. Messrs. Hugh Dickson, Ltd., Royal Nurseries, Belfast, Ireland, sent ten each of four varieties. These are for competition in the test-gardens and were divided, half going to Hartford and half to the Washington garden. Municipal rose-gardens are being pushed in England as things of popular beauty. Under date of January 23, 1916, a letter from Waratsh, England, came to the Secretary saying, "You are far more progressive in America as regards municipal rose-gardens than we are over here, and I should be gratified if you could send me details of any public rose-gardens established in America." The broadening of the membership of this Society involves a great deal of detail work, and one piece of work that has at last come to pass is the printing in first-class style of the annual report of organization work of the Society in book form, with various essays complimentary thereto. This work of publica- tion involves a greater amount of outgo than hitherto the revenue of this Society warranted, but Mr. J. Horace McFarland assumed the work and risk of cost attending the same, and for this service we are certainly indebted to him. The proportion directly paid for this work by the Society was $325 and customary postage; beyond this the cost has been paid by advertising receipts, upon an arrangement for equal division of profit or deficit. For this spring's exhibition the number and value of special prizes contrib- uted by individuals has not before been equaled. All this is clear evidence that our Society is full of vigor, and the gathering together of citizens of our common country in associated work, which tends to bring beauty to the homes of all the people, is to be highly commended. "A rose for every home, a bush for every garden" is emblematic of peace and beauty from ocean to ocean. Benjamin Hammond, Secretary. 186 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL TREASURER MAY'S REPORT For Year Ending March 22, 1916 Receipts Balance on hand March 16, 1915 $1,208 29 Membership dues 606 52 Advertising 195 88 Special premiums 310 00 Interest on mortgage certificates 150 00 Interest on permanent fund 14 18 Interest on general fund 16 35 $2,501 20 Disbursements Printing of Annual, stationery, etc $675 75 Prizes awarded 472 50 Medals, engraving, etc 63 10 General expenses. Secretary, etc 166 93 A. T. Stearns, premium returned 25 00 Deposit in permanent fund 50 00 1,453 28 Balance on hand 1,047 92 $2,501 20 Intbstmbnt Account Westchester & Bronx Title & Mortgage Guaranty Co. Three mortgage certificates $3,000 00 Summit Trust Co. Permanent Fund 200 00 Hubbard Medal Fund 250 00 Harry O. Mat, Treasurer. The Washington Meeting, May 23, 1916 About thirty members of the American Rose Society gathered at the store of Gude Brothers Company preliminary to a visit to the National Rose Test- Garden at Arlington. Unfortunately the rainy weather made the visit unpleas- ant, and the season being somewhat backward, the roses were not in good order for judging. After a delightful visit to "Twin Oaks," where the party was conducted over the great estate by Mr. Anderson, the Superintendent, most of the members gathered at lunch at the Hotel Raleigh as the guest of Gude Brothers. A meet- ing of the Society was organized with President Pennock in the chair. Telegrams of regret at their absence were sent to Secretary Hammond, and to Theodore Wirth. Robert Pyle explained the important cooperation given to the Test-Garden Committee by William F. Gude, the representative at Washington of that com- WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 137 mittee, and after a rising vote of thanks had been given to Mr. Gude, the latter responded in a few pleasant words. J. Horace McFarland spoke of the desirability of getting in closer touch with the National Rose Society of England, and of emulating its activities in pub- lication, in exhibitions, and in the extension of membership. He also referred to the extreme importance of securing for the American Rose Society the ser- vices of a pathologist who might undertake the study of rose diseases. He called attention to the fact that as yet there had been no orderly study made of rose diseases in the United States, if in the world. F. L. Mulford urged that the Executive Committee should provide for the expense of transporting the roses which Pacific Coast growers are willing to con- tribute to the National Rose-Garden. Admiral Ward and Professor Corbett each spoke on the subject of rose stocks, and the relation of stocks to various soils, climates, and other conditions. E. G. Hill referred to the bright future ahead of the Rose Test-Gardens. He also spoke of the desirability of a larger membership in the American Rose Society, and hoped that more amateur growers would become members. President Pennock appointed William F. Gude as chairman of a committee to score and judge the roses in the National Test-Garden which might be in bloom a week hence. The Cornell Meeting On June 22, 1916 a joint meeting of the American Rose Society and the Syracuse Rose Society was held in connection with an inspection of the Rose Test-Garden at Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Over sixty members of the two organizations made the trip to Ithaca by automobile. There were informal discussions in a corner of the garden, participated in by President Pennock, Robert Pyle, Dr. E. M. Mills, and Dr. Deal. Later on the x\merican Rose Society convened in the office of Prof. A. E. W^hite, with President Pennock in the chair. Letters were read from Portland, Oregon, and Tacoma, Washington, each asking for the establishment of a rose test-garden. A letter from J. A. Currey, of Portland, promised the cooperation of the city in maintaining the garden, as well as in increasing the membership of the American Rose Society. Upon motion of Dr. A. C. Beal, it was resolved to appoint Mr. Currey chairman of a committee for the establishing of the proposed rose test-garden in Portland. Secretary Hammond and President Pennock made encouraging statements as to the growing membership of the Society, and as to the value of the Ameri- can Rose Annual. There was a discussion participated in by Dr. Beal and Mr. Mulford con- cerning the employment of a propagator, and the study of the rose stocks. A committee of five was authorized "to arrange a set of rules and a tentative set of prizes for amateur shows," which committee is to report at the autumn meeting of the Executive Committee, so that their recommendations may be published in the 1917 Annual. This committee was appointed, including as chairman Dr. A. C. Beal, together with Prof. David Lumsden, Dr. E. M. Mills, J. H. Dunlop, and J. A. Currey. 188 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Meetings of the Executive Committee New York City, May 8, 1916. Messrs. S. S. Pennock, President, Robert Pyle, Harry O. May, Admiral Aaron Ward, F. L. Mnlford, and Benjamin Hammond were present. As the outcome of a request from Admiral Ward for literature, the subject of new printed matter was referred to Mr. McFarland and the Secretary. On the motion of Mr. Pyle, the Treasurer was authorized to pay to the secretary of the Society of American Florists the premiums received for special prizes by the American Rose Society. A proposal was received from Jesse A. Currey, of Portland, Ore., to secure a canvasser for members in the northwest states on a commission of one half of the annual membership fees paid. Consideration of the matter was deferred until definite information should be had regarding the supply of Annuals. Following the presentation by F. L. Mulford of a list of roses planted in the test-garden at Washington, D. C, a motion of Mr. Pyle was carried providing for a committee of five to report an authoritative code of rose nomenclature. Messrs. F. L. Mulford, Alexander Cummings, Jr., George C. Thomas, Jr., A. C. Real, and J. Horace McFarland were appointed by the President. The sum of $100 was placed at the disposal of Mr. McFarland, for obtaining publicity for the Society, and as special solicitor for new members. Office of Traendley & Schenck, New York City, October 9, 1916. It was reported that Dr. Van Fleet would assume charge of the Washington Test-Garden. Applications were received for assistance in the establishment of rose test- gardens at Bellingham, Wash., and College Station, Texas. Interest and good will were expressed, but it was decided that it is practical for the Society to establish only one garden a year, and action was deferred until the matter of the Portland garden is definitely settled. Hotel Breslin, New York City, October 23, 1916. It was resolved that Jesse A. Currey, Chairman, Alfred Tucker, and Albert J. Clarke, all of Portland, Ore., should be a committee of the Society to act in conjunction with the committee appointed by the Chamber of Commerce of that place in the matter of a test-garden there. Admiral Ward reported June 15, July 10, September 15, and October 15, as the dates on which he recorded the condition of roses in his own garden. F. H. Howard, of Howard & Smith, Los Angeles, Cal., a guest of the meet- ing, gave an interesting talk, in which he said that roses in his section had two dormant seasons, one from July 1 to September 1, when water was withheld, and the winter resting in December and January, when he did what he called his late pruning. Admiral Ward, L. J. Renter, and W. R. Pierson were appointed a committee on the kind of reports that should be had from the Rose-Garden Committee. Messrs. L. J. Renter, W. R. Pierson, William F. Gude, Harry O. May, Fred Burki, W. J. Keimel, Herman Knoble, P. Breitmeyer, W. J. Palmer, and J. H. Dunlop were appointed a committee, with the President as chairman, to WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 139 solicit money for a guarantee fund for the coming rose show at Philadelphia, if such a show should be held. The committee was asked to try to get fifty firms to subscribe $100 each. HoriicuUural Hall, Philadelphia, November 8, 1916. Messrs. Ward, Peirce, Reuter, May, Simpson, Pierson, and Hammond were present. A letter from Messrs. Kallen & Lunnemann, Boskoop, Holland, dated Octo- ber 16, advised that they expected to send five new Hybrid Tea roses for the trial-grounds here, the same varieties having been sent also to the Bagatelle Garden in Paris. The novelties are: Jonkheer R. de Beerenbrouck (Melanie Soupert X Joseph Hill); Johanna Hoogevorst (Melanie Soupert X Lyon Rose); Cornelia Timmermans (Pharisaer x Le Progres); No. 1036 (Pharisaer x Chatenay); No. 1076 (Pharisaer x Laurent Carle); No. 1196 (General Mac- Arthur X Etoile de France). *It was decided to send these novelties to the Hartford Rose-Garden. President Pennock reported $4,565 as the amount so far guaranteed for the annual exhibition proposed for Philadelphia in March, 1917. Messrs. E. Allen Peirce, Thomas Roland, and J. K. M. L. Farquhar were appointed a committee on prize schedule, and $750 was specified for plants, $1,000 for rose-garden, and $2,000 for cut-flowers. In the evening a meeting was held for the purpose of obtaining an expres- sion from members of the American Rose Society regarding the next annual meeting and exhibition. Fifty-one men were in attendance. The Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce invited the Society to hold its meeting in Philadelphia, and the unanimous opinion of those who spoke favored such a plan. The meeting voted that in its judgment such a show was practica- ble and desirable. Horticultural Hall, Philadelphia, November 22, 1916. Twenty-three persons attended and President Pennock presided. It was decided to hold the annual exhibition of the American Rose Society in the First Regiment Armory, Philadelphia, from March 20 to 23, 1917. Adolph Farenwald was chosen manager, with power to select his assistants, and F. Co-^Tperthwaite as local secretary. William Kleinheinz was appointed chairman of the committee on exhibits from private growers, and George Burton, chairman, Wallace R. Pierson, George Asmus, E. Allen Peirce, T. P. Langhans, Frank Friedley, Robert Simpson, J. O. Peterson, W. F. Gude, and Leo Niessen as committee on commercial exhibits. W. F. Therkildson was appointed as chairman of the advertising committee. The admission was set at 50 cents for adults, with trade tickets to be issued at the rate of $25 a hundred, and E. J. Fancourt was placed in charge of tickets. *Mes8rs. Kallen & Lunnemann also, on January 10, 1917, advised Secretary Hammond of their purpose to send in addition the following important rosea, in the quantities named: 15 Cissie Easlea, 10 Echo (H. Poly.), 10 Lady Roberts, 10 Katy Meixner, 15 Lady Pirrie, 10 La HoUande, 10 Melody, 6 Mrs. Alfred Tate, 10 Mrs. Charles Russell, 5 Mrs. S. T. Wright, 13 Marie (Poly.), 10 Old Gold, 20 Polleart Rose (Improved La France), 15 Petit Constant (Poly.), 30 Peach Blossom (Poly.), 30 Rothatte (H. Poly.), 6 Wm. Shean. The continued courtesy of this friend of the American Rose Society is gratefully acknowledged. — Editor. 140 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL John P. Habermehl was appointed chairman of the committee for the decora- tion of the Armory. Alfred Burton was made local treasurer. Harry O. May, chairman, Robert Simpson, and Adolph Farenwald were appointed a schedule committee on cut-flowers. Official headquarters were fixed at the office of President Pennock, 1612 Ludlow Street, Philadelphia. The Pennsylvania Horticultural Society was thanked for its past assistance, and for the offer of the use of the hall for the exhibition of 1917. New York City, December 11, 1916. An invitation was accepted for the American Rose Society to join in the Cleveland Flower Show to be held in November, 1917, the special rose day being November 7. The contract was ordered signed for the First Regiment Armory in Phila- delphia for the spring show, March 20 to 23, 1917. The committee on plant schedule and prizes reported that additional sup- port had permitted an increase in the amount to be awarded for cut roses. A special gold medal, valued at $50, was offered by Kroeschell Brothers, Chicago, 111., and the Toronto Horticultural Society has also promised medals. The sympathy of the Executive Committee over the death of the senior Mr. Renter, an early life member of the Society, was suitably expressed, and was duly transmitted to Louis J. Renter and his family. The guarantee fund for the show now amounts to more than $6,000, and the following is the list of guarantors : Messrs. A. B. Scott, C. H. Grakelow, W. K. Harris, W. A. Burpee, George Burton, Conard & Jones, Jos. Heacock, Alfred Burton, Adolph Farenwald, Robert Craig, H. F. Michell, Geo. C. Thomas, Jr., Stephen Mortensen, W. A. Leonard, Florex Gardens, M. FrankUn, Lord & Burnham Co., Aug. Doemling, Myers & Santmann, John Burton, H. H. Battles, Louis Burk, J. J. Habermehl's Sons, Edw. Towill, L. B. Coddington, P. Welch, E. G. Hill, A. M. Henshaw, W. H. Elliott, P. Breitmeyer, Cleveland Flower Show Association, Knoble Brothers, John Welsh Young, M. H. Bickley, S. S. Skidelsky, Gude Brothers Co., Robert Simpson, Benjamin Hammond, Admiral Aaron Ward, S. J. Renter & Son, Harry O. May, S. S. Pennock-Meehan Co., E. Allen Peirce, A. N. Pierson, J. M. Gasser Co., Victor Groshens, Fred Burki, Henry A. Dreer, Budlong Rose Co., Leo Niessen Co., Peter Fisher, H. Bayersdorfer & Co., C. H. Totty, Samuel Murray, Emil Buettner, Pennock Bros., Hentz & Nash, Inc., W. L. Rock Flower Co., George Asmus, Daniel McRorie, John Cook, $100 each; South Park Floral Co. and Vaughan's Seed Store, $50 each; W. F. Kasting Company, S. A. Anderson, W. J. Palmer, Robert Scott, Jacob B. Wiese, Chas. Schoenhut, $25 each; Edward Stroh, $15. Awards at the Annual Exhibition at Philadelphia MARCH 25 TO APRIL 2, 1916 Owing to the pressure on the pages of the Annual, the detailed list of awards at the great show in Philadelphia has been crowded out. The Editor has printed sheets, however, and will gladly supply the Awards to any appli- cant, prior to July 1, 1917, who will address him at Harrisburg, Pa. WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 141 The Study of Rose Black-Spot The Editor of the 1916 American Rose Annual, while preparing that volume, discovered that there was no literature giving evidence of an orderly study of the subject of rose diseases. A canvass of the colleges and experiment stations and correspondence with the Department of Agriculture at Washington, showed that the rose had never been studied as had carnations, apples, pota- toes, and cabbages, and that no means had been devised for contesting its destructive diseases. The second volume of Bailey's "Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture" (1914) listed only one other rose disease than mildew. There was no scientific knowledge of the black-spot disease. The Society having authorized an investigation of the subject among its members, and much correspondence having been had. Professor Whetzel, of Cornell University, on behalf of the Cornell Department of Plant Pathology, suggested a plan whereby L. M. Massey, of that department, might be em- ployed by the Society under Professor WTietzel's direction "to spend three months of each year for two years in rose-disease survey and investigation work, traveling as may be required" and "during the remaining nine months of each year his special line of investigation at Cornell would be the diseases of roses." The American Rose Society would support Mr. Massey while in the field one fourth of the time, the cost would not exceed $1,000 each year upon a two-year arrangement, of which sum $500 the first year and $250 the second year would be for traveling and other special expenses. The rest of the expense would be borne by Cornell University. A letter from President Pennock describing this proposition was sent to members of the American Rose Society, soliciting their contributions, and the response was so satisfactory that the following list of subscribers was speedily obtained for the investigation of black-spot: Benjamin Dorrance, Dorranceton, J. F. Wilcox & Sons, Council Bluffs, Pa $20 00 Iowa 20 00 John H. Dunlop, Richmond Hill, A. N. Pierson Inc., Cromwell, Conn. 50 00 Ont 20 00 E.G. Hill Company, Richmond, Ind. 20 00 George C. Thomas, Chestnut Hill, Florex Gardens, North Wales, Pa. . . 20 00 Philadelphia 40 00 Alex. B. Scott, Sharon Hill, Pa 20 00 L. B. Coddington, Murral Hill, N.J. 20 00 Bobbink & Atkins, Rutherford, N. J. 20 00 Gude Brothers Company, Washing- Thomas Roland, Nahant, Mass. . . 15 00 ton, D. C 20 00 Robert Pyle, West Grove, Pa 20 00 George Burton, Chestnut Hill, W. J. Palmer, Buffalo, N. Y 20 00 Philadelphia 20 00 Good & Reese Co., Springfield, Ohio. 20 00 Jacob D. Eisele, Riverton, N. J. . . 20 00 Emil Buettner, Park Ridge, 111 20 00 Holton & Hunkle, Milwaukee, Wis. 20 00 Stuppy Floral Company, St. Joseph, J. Breitmeyer Sons, Detroit, Mich. 20 00 Mo 20 00 Baseett & Washbxirn, Hinsdale, 111. 20 00 Leedle Floral Company, Springfield, MacRorie & McLaren Co., San Ohio 10 00 Francisco, Cal 10 00 Malcolm Franklin, Philadelphia . . 20 00 A. J. Stahelin, Redford, Mich 20 00 Jos. Heacock Company, Wyncote, The Montgomery Company, Had- Pa 20 00 ley, Mass 20 00 Fred Burki, Gibsonia, Pa 20 00 Benjamin Hammond, Beacon, N. Y. 25 00 J. M. Gasser Company, Cleveland, A. Montgomery, Natick, Mass. . . 20 00 Ohio 20 00 142 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Registration of New Roses in 1916 According to the rules and regulations of the American Rose Society, the following new roses were registered on the dates given : By Frank M. Moore, of Chatham, N. J., May 8, 1916: Muriel Moore. H.T. A sport of My Maryland. Bud bluish white, longer than that of the parent, and not quite so double; flower white; foliage dis- tinctly different, the rich green leaflets being narrower, with edges more fully serrated — in fact, the edges are almost smooth. A profuse bloomer. By Howard & Smith, of Los Angeles, Calif., May 8, 1916: Los Angeles. H.T. Mme. Segond Weber x Lyon Rose. Buds long and pointed, opening to a bloom of large proportions; color flame-pink, shaded to yellow, toned with salmon; foliage light green, extra heavy. Growth exceed- ingly vigorous; has none of the die-back habits of Lyon Rose. By Breitmeyer Floral Company, of Mt. Clemens, Mich., July 7, 1916: Pink Ophelia. H.T. A sport from Ophelia. Color a beautiful shade of rose- pink. Stronger and more vigorous grower than its parent. By Howard & Smith, of Los Angeles, Calif., October 9, 1916: California. H.T. Buds long and pointed; flowers full, fairly fragrant; color a burnt orange, shaded golden yellow at base of petals. A strong, vigorous grower in lower California and practically mildew-proof. By Chas. E. F. Gersdorff, of Washington, D. C, November 11, 1916: Mrs. Chas. Gersdorff. CI. H.T. Buds large and like tulips in shape, opening to full double flowers of cup shape; outer petals slightly reflexed; color a delicate pink, lighter on edge and darker in center, interior silver- white; flowers are borne singly, though always in clusters of two to four, and have a strong Hybrid Tea fragrance; durable under trying conditions. The plant is of strong climbing habit; canes from the root average 15 feet in a season, with strong thorns. Profuse and almost constant blooming habit. Has been growTi without pro- tection w4th both northern and southern exposure without winter-killing. From A. N. Pierson, Inc., Cromwell, Conn. : Mrs. Belmont Tiffany. H.T. A sport from Sunburst. Golden yellow shading to apricot-orange at the base of the petals, the whole suffused in delicate pink — a distinct and glorified Simburst. Mrs. Chas. Bell. H.T. A sport from Radiance. Color light or shell-pink on a salmon-shaded background. Superior in growth to Radiance, being equally vigorous but more robust in habit. Elizabeth Zeigler. H.W. A sport from Dorothy Perkins, but quite distinct. Color deep rose-pink. Equally vigorous and free in flowering. From E. G. Hill Company, Richmond, Ind.: Columbia. H.T. Ophelia X Mrs. George Shawyer. A large-habited upright grower with large-sized foliage, producing long stiff stems, and bearing a big flower of bright pink, which deepens as the flower matures. Double Ophelia. H.T. Ophelia X unnamed seedling. Very similar to the WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 143 parent in everything save the fullness of the flower, this variety having twice as many petals as the parent; very clear and brilliant in color. Rose Premier. H.T. Ophelia X Mrs. Charles Russell. May be described as a Mrs. Charles Russell, of very easy culture and magnificent in size, form, and foliage, and with a perfectly erect stem; deep rose-pink. Mary Hill. H.T. Ophelia X Sunburst. Of Sunburst type, improved in habit, foliage and growth, with immense bud and flower of cream color, with deep orange center. From Edward To will, Roslyn, Pennsylvania: Golden Gem. H.T. A cross of Lady Hillingdon and Harry Kirk. Golden yellow; good stem and free bloomer. Rules for Registration of New Roses Any member of the American Rose Society who is the originator of a new rose may register the variety with the American Rose Society Avithout charge for registration. The name of the rose must be given (a number is not sufficient) together with a full description and pedigree of such rose, and this registration shall be considered by the American Rose Society's Executive Committee. It shall then be published in one or more of the trade papers. If no objection to such registration is filed with the Secretary of the Society within three weeks after such publication, the registration shall become permanent. In the event of objection to registration the decision will rest with the Executive Committee. No description of any variety shall be published by the American Rose Society without the sanction of the Executive Committee. Any person not a member of the American Rose Society may register a new rose upon payment of $3 for each variety so registered. Adopted at Executive Committee Meeting of November 10, 1913, held in New York City. Regulations and Scale of Points for Judging Blooms and Plants The official scale of 100 points for judging outdoor roses is as follows: Floriferousness, 20; vigor, 20; color, 15; size, 15; form, 10; substance, 10; fragrance, 10. A variety shall be considered undisseminated which cannot be exhibited other than by the introducer. All roses shall be disqualified where exhibited with more than two groulhs (one pinch), except in classes calling for displays and for 100 or more blooms in one vase, on which two pinches are allowed. Rules for Judging Groups of Rose Plants. — Size of group or collection, 20; distinctiveness, 15; cultural perfection, 20; number of varieties, 20; arrange- ment and effect, 25. Single Specimen Rose Plants. — Size of plants, 20; cultural perfection, 25; floriferousness, 20; foliage, 15; quality of bloom, 10; color of bloom, 10. 144 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL All exhibits of cut-flowers will be judged by points in accordance with the following official scale: Competitive Novelties for cer- classea tificates, etc. Size 15 10 Color 20 20 Stem 20 15 Form 15 15 Substance 15 10 Foliage 15 15 Fragrance (for novelties only) 5 Distinctiveness 10 100 100 American Rose Society Medals and Certificates for Novelties A Gold Medal is offered for the best new rose not yet disseminated, whether of domestic or foreign origin. Exhibits are to be judged upon the official scale of the Society, and no Gold Medal is to be awarded to any rose scoring less than 95 points. A Silver Medal is offered at the same time, and under the same conditions, for a novelty scoring not less than 85 points. A Certificate of Merit is to be awarded to all novelties scoring 80 points. It is further ordered that the complete scores of all the entries in the com- petition be filed with the Secretary of the American Rose Society before the award of an}- medal is confirmed. No duplicate medal will be awarded. It is understood that though the award of the Gold or Silver Medal or Certificate may be made to the same variety from one exhibitor, exhibited in different centers, only one medal will be delivered to the exhibitor. The Executive Committee of the American Rose Society reserves to itself the right of selection of the judges who shall pass upon the exhibits in the com- petition for these medals. Committees Governing Rose Test-Gardens Governing Committee. — Alex. Cummings, Jr., Cromwell, Conn., Chair- man; Thomas N. Cook, Watertown, Mass., and Wallace R. Pierson, Crom- well, Conn. Washington Test-Garden. — Robert Pyle, West Grove, Pa., Chairman; Admiral Aaron Ward, Rosyln, N. Y., and Wm. F. Gude, Washington, D. C. Cornell Test-Garden. — A. C. Beal, Ithaca, N. Y., Chairman; John Watson, Newark, N. Y., and Rev. Dr. E. M. Mills, Sj'racuse, N. Y. Hartford Test-Garden. — John Huss, Hartford, Conn., Chairman; Wallace R. Pierson, Cromwell, Conn., and Alex. Cummings, Jr., Cromwell, Conn. Minneapolis Test-Garden. — Theo. Wirth, Superintendent of Parks, Minne- apolis, Minn., and Paul J. Olson, St. Paul, Minn. WORK OF THE AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 145 At the Hartford Test-Gardens, July 5, 1916 The Hartford Test-Garden Committee, Messrs. Wallace R, Pierson, Alex- ander Cummings, Jr., and John F. Huss, reported as follows: The Garden was visited on July 5, 1916. The varieties of this season's entry were not considered in condition to judge until better established. Among those entered previous to this season, the following climbing roses were examined and received awards: Dazzling Red, 79 points, entered by W. A. Manda, South Orange, N. J.; Mrs. Longwood, 78 points, entered by Conard Sc Jones, West Grove, Pa. Local Societies Affiliated with the American Rose Society Affiliated organizations have paid at the rate of 25 cents per member each year, receive the publications of the Society, and are each supplied with one sil- ver and two bronze medals to be awarded as special American Rose Society prizes at their annual exhibitions. Syracuse Rose Society. Rev. E. M. Mills, D.D., President, 823 Summer Ave., Syracuse, N. Y. Dr. Mills is Honorary Vice-President of the American Rose Society, and a member of the Cornell Test-Garden Committee. This Society awarded a silver medal to James M. Gilbert for the best exhibition of roses and a bronze medal to both Mrs. Edmund M. Mills and Mrs. John M. Kulmer for the show held in June, 1916. The Garden Association of Newport, R. I., with 100 members. Dr. Roderick Terry, President, Ne\^po^t, R. I. Brookkinds Rose Society, of Brooklands, D. C, with 19 members. Mrs. M. B. Downing, Secretary. Lansdowne Flower Show Association, of Lansdo'wne, Pa. The Eighteenth Annual Meeting The American Rose Society held its eighteenth annual meeting on March 21, 1917, in the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel, Philadelphia, at 9 o'clock a.m., in conjunction with the National Rose Festival of the Society, which occurred March 20 to 23, in the First Regiment Armory, Broad and Callowhill Streets. Medals Awarded During 1916 A special gold medal w^as awarded Henry A. Dreer, Inc., of Philadelphia, for their non-competitive rose-garden at the National Flower Show, Philadelphia, March 25 to April 2, 1916. For the best new roses not in commerce, American Rose Society silver medals were awarded to A. N. Pierson, Cromwell, Conn.; M. H. Walsh, Woods Hole, Mass.; and R. Witterstaeter, Cincinnati, Ohio. The silver medal offered by the Toronto Horticultural Society for the best exhibit at the Philadelphia Show of any disseminated pink rose, was awarded to Wm. Kleinheinz, of Ogontz, Pa. Members American Rose Society An asterisk (*) preceding name indicates Life Membership; dagger (t) indicates Annual Membership; all others are Associate Members. {Completed in this Second Edition, to May 15, 1917) Abbott, Donald B., 165 Broadway, New York City. Abraham, Paul, Gaston, Ore. Acker, Samuel, 2918 Master St., Phila- delphia, Pa. AcKERMAN, W, E., Watsonville, Cal. Adams, R., 10 Summit St., East Orange, N. J. Ahern, James J., 218 S. 15th St., Phila- delphia, Pa. tAHLERS, William, Bloomsburg, Pa. Albert, Rev. Father, San Antonio, Fla. tAicocK, William A., 44 Wall St., New York City. Alexander, I. L., 423 Hummel St., Harrisburg, Pa. Alexander, Jewell, 1016 Mills Bldg., San Francisco, Cal. Alexander, Mrs. D. S., Hearne, Texas. Allan, James L., 819 N. 63rd St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Allen, F. Y., Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. Allen, Mrs. Martha M., Forest Hills, L. L, N. Y. Aller, T. O., Church St., High Bridge, N. J. Allison, C. B., 417 N. Cayuga St., Ithaca, N. Y. Alloway, D., Box 331, Shreveport, La. Allyn, O. D., 281 Locust St., Holyoke, Mass. Alston, Miss Anna L., 160 Post Road, Rye, N. Y. Alter, Mrs. Louise, 935 N. 29th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Amadeus, Sister Mary, 2745 Mt. St. Helens Place, Seattle, Wash. Amber, Bertram, 5206a Page Ave., St. Louis, Mo. ♦American Florist Co., 324 Dearborn St., Chicago, 111. Amling, Ernst C, May wood. 111. tAMMANN, J. F., Edwardsville, 111. Anderson, Mrs. Charles, 2491 Grandin Rd., E. Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, Ohio. Anderson, Mrs. Edwin, 45 Green Ave., Madison, N. J. Anderson, P. A. W., 67 Thomas St., Wor- cester, Mass. Anderson, William W., 801 Union National Bank Bldg., Houston, Tex. t Andre, John R., Doylestown, Pa. Andrews, Mrs. Eleanor, 15 Centre St., Beacon, N. Y. Aniess, Mrs. Maria C, 1785 St. Mary's Ave., Parkersburg, W. Va. Anspon, B. W., Maryland Agricultural College, College Park, Md. Armstrong, W. J., 749 Beulah Ave., Mil- waukee, Wis. Arnold, Frank A., 128 Cooper Ave., Upper Montclair, N. J. Arthur, J. W., 509 Euclid Ave., Lynch- burg, Va. Ashworth, j. S., Bristol, Va. *Asmu8, a. E., West Hoboken, N. J. fAsMUS, George, 2221 Madison St., Chi- cago, 111. t Atkins, F. L., Rutherford, N. J. Atkinson, Mrs. T. A., Doylestown, Pa. Atterbury, Mrs. A. H., 315 W. 7th St., Plainfield, N. J. *AucHiNCLOSs, Mrs. H. D., 17 W. 49th St., New York City. Austen, Miss Alice, Rosebank, S. I., N. Y. Austin, George A., 1 Lincoln Parkway, Buffalo, N. Y. Ayers, Charles H., Peoples State Bank, Detroit, Mich. Babcock, F. Moren, Hammonton, N. J. Babcock, Mrs. Lillian, Hammonton, N.J. Bachman, Frank H., 1512 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. IBadgley, L. v., Murray Hill, N. J. JBadgley, W. G., Chatham, N. J. Bailey, J. E., 4549 Dibbman St., Frank- ford, Philadelphia, Pa. Bain, Robert E. M., Southwestern Pas- senger Agent, St. Louis, Mo. Baker, Edward C, International Money Machine Co., Reading, Pa. Baker, K. S., 336 Arch St., Marquette, Mich. Baker, Miss M. A., 12 S. Mole St., Philadelphia, Pa. Bakewell, Roland R., 322 S. Blvd., Spring Lake, N. J. (146) MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 147 Balch, John, 50 Olive St., Boston, Mass. Balcom, H. Tract, 1193 Delaware Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. Baldwin, Mrs. D. M., Short Hills, N. J. Baldwin, Penrosb, 10 Biltmore Ave., Aeheville, N. C. Baldwin, S. P., 2030 Prospect Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. Balmkr, Reginald, 2332 Ewing St., Los Angeles, Cal. Bancroft, A. F., Essington, Pa. Barber, Miss Nellie, 30 Easterly Ave., Auburn, N. Y. Barclay, F. H., 209 E. Fayette St., Bal- timore, Md. Barclay, Hugh, Merion, Pa. Barclay, W. P., 424 Grove St., West- field, N. J. Barmore, Charles, 31 Nassau St., New York City. Barnard, Mart, 288 Burns Ave., Detroit, Mich. Barnes, Miss Anne H., 1727 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pa. Barnes, Miss Katherine, RidgeSeld, Conn. Barrett, Mrs. Clara H., 6742 Lawnton Ave., Oak Lane, Philadelphia, Pa. Barron, Leonard, Doubleday, Page & Co., Garden City, N. Y. ♦Basset, C. P., 1241 State St., Chicago, 111. tBATB, W. G , 227 High St., Cleveland, Ohio. Bates, H. E., Granite Bldg., Rochester, N. Y. Bates, J. C, Lake City, Fla, Bates, Mrs. John E., 24 Summit Ave., Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Batts, Mrs. J. T., 300 Eastern Ave., Grand Rapids, Mich. Baumeister, Charles, 411 Dryden Road, Ithaca, N. Y. Baumert, W. M., Aberdeen, Wash. tBAUR, Adolph F. J., IndianapoUs, Ind. Baurheim, Adolph L., 124 E. 75th St., New York City. Bausb, E. a., Supt., James W. Corrigan, WickHffe, Ohio. Baxter, E. A., Charle«town, Md. Bayard, L. P., Jr., Short Hills, N. J. tBAYLEY, Edgar, Westerly, R. I. Batley, R. DeF., 277 Broadway, New York City. fBEAL, Dr. a. C, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Beale, E. M., Lewisburg, Pa. Bearman, L. R., San Fancisco, Cal. *Beattt, H. B., Farmers Bank Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. Beazell, W. S., 1225 Virginia Ave., Lake- wood, Ohio. Becker, Mrs. E. A., 72 Ashland Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. Beckett, Edwin, Ophir Hall, Purchase, N. Y. fBccKLET, O. P., Harrisburg, Pa. Beecher, Mrs. Leonard T., Graymont Height*, Birmingham, Ala. Beddall, E. a., Pottsville, Pa. Beer, Mrs. James A., 181 12th St., Col- umbus, Ohio. Beimger, George M., 414 N. 5th St., Camden, N. J. Beinaman, R., 1530 N. 10th St., Sheboy- gan, Wis. Belinge, Alexandre, Court House, Quebec, Canada. Bell, Robert, 172 Woodward Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. Bell, Samuel, Jr., 1314 Locust St., Philadelphia, Pa. Below, F. H., 550 Big Bend Road, Web- ster Groves, Mo. Bbnbow, Rev. Earl W., Hersman, 111. Benedict, Mrs. Aaron A., 5 Sands St., Waterbury, Conn. Benedict, Mrs. George H., Salisbury, Md. Benkert, George M., 623 Olney Ave., Olney, Philadelphia, Pa. Benninghofer, C, 807 Dayton St., Hamilton, Ohio. tBiNSON. A. C, Hinsdale, 111. Benson, Mrs. E. U., Jr., Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. Bentz, Wm. p., S. E. cor. 6th and Walnut Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Benze, George, 438 62d St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Berkemeyer, W. C, 4209 Virginia St., Kansas City, Mo. Berchall, Miss Katherine H., 331 E. 200th St., New York City. Bernheimer, Eugene, 1531 Ranstead St., Philadelphia, Pa. Bernheimer, Mrs. M. T., Newburyport, Mass. Best, Alfred M., 100 William Street, New York City. Betscher, C, Canal Dover, Ohio. Betts, S. T., 332 S. SaUna St., Syracuse, N. Y. Betz, Harry, 1026 Lehigh Ave., Phila- delphia, Pa. Bibb, John F., 2131 N. Prospect St., Tacoma, Wash. Biddle, Charles, Andalusia, Pa. Bidenhorn, V. G., 1056 Leader Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio. BiNMORE, Miss C. E., 118 Ste. Famille St., Montreal, Canada. 148 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Bird, Charles S., 27 Early St., Morris- town, N. J. BiSBEE, Mrs. H. H., Mountain Ave., Mel- rose Park, Oak Lane, Pa. Bishop, Miss Margaret H., 253 3d Ave., Roselle, N. J. BissELL, Miss Mart C, New Rochelle, N. Y. tBissETT, Peter, 3301 Lowell St., Wash- ington, D. C. BiXBY, F. A., 5435 Flor Building, Omaha, Neb. Blabon, Mrs. Edwin L., Bryn Mawr, Pa. Black, Frank, Oakland, N. J. Blackburn, Wade, Larimer, Pa. Blakiston, Miss Mary, Fort Washing- ton, Pa. Blackiston, Mrs. H. A., Moylan, Pa. Blair, G. H., 62 Copeland St.,Roxbury, Mass. Blair, Thomas, Kuppenheimer Estate, Lake Forest, 111. tBLAKE, Maurice A., New Brunswick, N.J. Blanks, W. C, 310 Trust Bldg., San Angelo, Tex. Bligh, Mrs. Eleanor R., 3905 Aspen St., Philadelphia, Pa. Blodgett, Marion A., 5428 Delmar Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. Bltthe, a. J., 1320 FrankUn St., Bell- ingham, Wash. tBoEHLER, Oscar, West Hoboken, N. J. BoEHN, Eugene A., 3868 Arsenal St., St. Louis, Mo. BoGART, M. R., P. O. Box 1022, Chatham, Ontario, Canada. BoGASKE, C. J., Macedonia, Ohio. BoHANNON, L. R., Chicago, 111. BoLTZ, Miss Clara M., 328 Pelham Road, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Bondies, Harry R., Sweet Water, Tex. Boner, Roy R., 225 Main St., Evansville, Ind. Bontrazer, W. E., Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster, Ohio. Boos, Edw. H., 400 Daly Ave., Missoula, Mont. BosEWELL, Charles H., 243 6th Ave., Troy, N. Y. BoTAY, Clarice J., Richmond, 111. BoTT, John B., 317 S. Main St., Greens- burg, Pa. BoTT, Mrs. Fred J., 460 Lebanon St., Melrose, Mass. Bowman, Arthur, Portland Seed Co., Portland, Ore. Bowman, Samuel P., Narberth, Pa. Box, Leonard C, Dominion Experi- mental Farm, Fredericton, New Bruns- wick, Canada. Boyd, A. A., Auburn, N. Y. Boyd, James, Haverford, Pa. Boyd, Maurice C, Bloomfield, N. J. Brack, Edmund D., 125 E. Coulter St., Germantown, Pa. Bracken, E. F., Paoli, Pa. Brackett, Al. H., 970 Denny Way, Seattle, Wash. Bradt, C. S., 29 St. Paul St., Rochester, N. Y. Brady, J. J., 29 Walter St., Albany, N. Y. IBrandt, Ellwood, Madison, N. J. Brawner, J. E., 3115 Fairmount Ave., Dallas, Tex. Brayton, Mrs. Haswell P., Herkimer, N. Y. tBRECK-RoBiNSON Co., Lexington, Mass. Bredow, W. a., Glenwood, Fla. *Breitmeyer, Philip, Hon., Detroit, Mich. Brenneman, L. R., Carlisle, Pa. Breth, Edward T., Box 175, Fort John- ston, N. Y. Bricker, Dr. W. H., 1615 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, Pa. Bridge, Mrs. Clara M., 300 Central Park West, New York City. Brigante, Rocco, care of John F. Tal- mage, Mendham, N. J. tBRiGGS, S. C, 1719 Lamont St.. Wash- ington, D. C. Brinker, Arthur V., 1724 W. 50th St., Los Angeles, Cal. Brinton, G. Herbert, Elwyn, Pa. Bristol, George W., Callahan, Fla. Brock, Dr. Henry H., 687 Congress St., Portland, Maine. Brockenbrough, Mrs. John M., 1020 W. Franklin St., Richmond, Va. Bromley, Joseph H., 4th St. and Lehigh Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Brooke, Miss Ethel, Enfield, Pa. Brooks, Arthur, Monroe, N. Y. Brothers, Dr. S., 96 New Jersey Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Brouse, W. E., R. D. 1, Wilkinsburg, Pa. Brown, Albert E., 1617 Wallace St., Philadelphia, Pa. Brown, Clarence H., 29 Wall St., Wall- ingford, Conn. Brown, Davis, 107 W. Main St., Louis- ville, Ky. Brown, F. C. W., J. M. Gasser Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Brown, James A., 19 Franklin St., West- field, Mass. Brown, Miss Minnie J., 566 Winton Road, N., Rochester, N. Y. Browne, W. E., R. D. 1, Wilkinsburg, Pa. Brownell, M. R., Fair Haven, Mass. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 149 Brubaker, John D., P. O. Box E, Wyo- missing, Pa. Brucker, Wilhelm, Englewood, N. J. Bruell, W. F., Redfield. S. D. Brutsehin, George, 22 Ditmars St., Brooklyn. N. Y. Bryant, M. J. A., 937 Haddon Ave., Col- lings wood, N. J. Bryant, Myrton, 937 Haddon Ave., Col- lingswood, N. J. Brtdon, R. p., South Euclid, Ohio. tBucK, F. E., Central Exp. Farm, Ottawa, Canada. ♦BuDLONG, A. H., 37 and 39 Randolph St., Chicago, 111. ♦BuDLONG, F, L., 564 Pontiac Ave., Auburn, R. I. ♦BuDLONG, J. A., 564 Pontiac Ave., Auburn, R. I. ♦Buettner, E., Park Ridge, 111. Bullock, Nina R., care of N. M. C. S., Silver City, N. M. Burgoyne, W. B., 15 Trafalgar St., St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. BuRK, Louis, 3d St. and Girard Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. BuRKART, F. P., 1635 Allengrove St., Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. tBuRKE, Paul F., 20-22 Canal St., Boa- ton, Mass. tBuRKi, Fred, Gibsonia, Pa. Burnham, John A., 70 Kilby St., INIarble- head, Mass. Burnley, Benjamin J., 4539 N. Smedley St., Philadelphia, Pa. Burns, Hakvey R., 1142 Lincoln St., Milton, Pa. Burr, Calvin, Auburn, N. Y. BuRRiTT, Susan C. S., 222 S. Geneva St., Ithaca, N. Y. Burton, Alfred, Chestnut Hill, Phila- delphia, Pa. *BuRTON, George, Wyndmoor, Phila- delphia, Pa. tBuRTON, John, Chestnut Hill, Phila- delphia, Pa. Burton, Mrs. J. H., Cedarhurst, L. I. Busey, C. B., 604 Green St., Urbana, 111. Bush, P. L., 1812 Park Road, N. W., Washington, D. C. Busk, F. T., 301 Produce Exchange, New York City. tBuTCHART, R. P., Tod Inlet, Victoria, B. C. Butcher. Thomas P., Box 13, WilUams- town, W. Va. tBuTLER, E. K., 938 Centre St., Jamaica Plain, Mass. Butler, J. W. S., Box 1114, Sacramento, Cal. Byrider, John, 791 E. Market St., Akron, Ohio. Cadwalader, Mrs. John, Jr., 323 S. 16th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Cady, LeRoy, University Farm, St. Paul, Minn. Cady, Mrs. George W., Clifton Park, Lakewood, Ohio. Caldwell, Mrs. J. E., Bryn Mawr, Pa. Calhoun, H. A., 336 Wabash Ave., Kan- sas City, Mo. ICalifornia Rose Co., Pomona, Cal. Cameron, Mrs. J. R., 31 Grove St., Westfield, N. J. Campbell, A. F., 112 Warren St., New York City. tCAMPBELL, Alfred M., 1510 Sansom St., Philadelphia, Pa. Campbell, Chester I., 5 Park Sq., Boston, Mass. tCAMPBELL, Edward, Ardmore, Pa. Campbell, Frank W., 123 La Mothe Ave., Detroit, Mich. tCAMPBELL, George E., Erdenheim, Pa. Campbell, Miss A. D., 170 West 74th St., New York City. Campbell, Wm. M., 413 School House Lane, Germantown, Pa. Carber, Mrs. E. B., 7201 Greene St., Germantown, Pa. Carlisle. Mrs. Jay F., Islip, L. I. Carman, John, Sewickley Heights, Pa. Garner, H. M., 1327 Birch St., Rich- mond Hill, N. Y. Carpenter, Mrs. B. G., Ill Nepewan Road, Tarryto'w-n, N. Y. Carr, Elias F., 58 Model Ave., Trenton, N. J. Carroll, George S., 1628 N. Spurgeon St., Santa Ana, Cal. tCARTER, Thomas. Exeter, N. H. ICartledge, a. B., 1514 Chestnut St., Philadelphia. Pa. tCARTWRiGHT. James A., 3a Somerset St., Boston, Mass. Carver, Mrs. Amos D., 123 8th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Casamajor, Robert, 1551 Diamond Ave., S., Pasadena, Cal. Case, Miss Marion, Weston, Mass. Cash, Orin G., 30 Union St., Westfield, Mass. Casparis, Mrs. S., Station A, Columbus, Ohio. Gate, Dr. A. W., Boise, Idaho. Chaffee, H. Almon. care of The A. W. Burritt Co., Bridgeport, Conn. Chamberlain, A. H., Rahway, N. J. Chamberlain, Elizabeth, Chappaqua, N. Y. Chamberlain, G. D., 202 Glenwood Ave., Yonkers, N. Y. 150 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Champlin, Mrs. Charles A., Hammonds- port, N. Y. Chance, Mrs. J. S., 3 Webster Terrace, New Rochelle, N. Y. Chapman, Edward G., Norway Summit Farm, Rushville, N. Y. tCHASB, Gborgh B., Bethel, Vt. Chauncey, Mr8. Danibl, Cedarhurst, L. I. Cheever, James G., 24 Park St., North Attleboro, Mass. Chesebrough, Mrs. Augustus, Box 133, Northport, L. I., N. Y. Chipman, F. L., 349 Broadway, New York City. Christy, Mrs. Marshall, Academy Ave., Sewickley, Pa. Chrystal, Thomas F., Shippen Point, Stamford, Conn. tCnuRCH, William, Havana 35, Havana, Cuba. Cladek, Dr. W, E., Rahway, N. J. Clapp, H. F., 760 Glenwood Ave., Wil- liamsport, Pa. Clark, Ernest J., 1043 Calvert Bldg.. Baltimore, Md. Clark, Mrs. A. I., 38 Kensington Road, Edge wood, R. I. Clark, Mrs. B. S., 14 E. 60th St., New York City. Clarke, Abby, 105 Garfield St., Water- town, Mass. tCLARKE, A. J., 287 Morrison St., Port- land, Ore. Clarke, L. D., Box 643, Mount Solo, Wash. Clarke, Mrs. E. S., Sumas, Wash. Clarke, Miss M. Louise, 8th and Thompson Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Clayton, Miss Florence L., Box 66, Northport, Wash. tCLEMENT, Capt. F. H., Hcmpstcad, L. I. Click, James I., R. F. D. 4, Springfield, Ohio. Clinton, Frank, 131 Depew St., Peeks- kill, N. Y. Clotts, Linda M., Gahanna, Ohio. Clough, a. B., 487 Boyleston St., Brook- line, Mass. Cocklin, Dr. C. C, 126 Walnut St., Harrisburg, Pa. tCoDDiNGTON, L. P., Miirray Hill, N. J. Coffin, Mrs. H. N., 1403 FrankUn St., Boise, Idaho. Cohen, Jacob, 310 Academy St., South Orange, N. J. Colby, Mrs. W. E., 2901 Channing Way, Berkeley, Cal. Coleman, W. H., 319 S. State St., Los Angeles, Cal. Coles, Charles H., 1300 Pine St., Phila- delphia, Pa. tCoLES, W. W., Kokomo, Ind. CoLLAMORE, Francis, E. Bridgewater, Mass. Collier, H. L., Treas. the Pacific North- western Rose Society, care City Treas., Seattle, Wash. Collins, D. J., Wawa, Pa. Colt, Mrs. R. C, Garrison, N. Y. CoLviLLE, ]Mrs., Hilmarton Lodge, Calne, Wilts, England. Conard, C. Wilfred, Lansdowne, Pa. Conrad, :\Irs. W. B., Nyack, N. Y. Connell, Herbert N., Auburn, Wash. CoNviLLE, James O., Supt. of Parka, Portland, Ore. Cook, C. H., 135 N. Centre St., Merchant- ville, N. J. Cook, F. Herman, 31S North Charles St., Baltimore, Md. *Cook, John, 318 N. Charles St., Balti- more, Md. *CooK, Thomas N., 21 Windsor Ave., Watertown, Mass. Cooke, Mrs. Jay, Stenton Ave., Chest- nut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. Coolidge, Herbert, 77 Garfield Ave., Watertown, Mass. Coolman, D. H. C, Hudson, Ohio. Cooper, Amos, CoUinwood, Ohio. Corbett, Mrs. Leah L., 94 Grand Ave., Rock\'ille Center, N. Y. CoRGE, Marie A., 7 Woodside Rd., Madi- son, N. J. Cornell, H. E., Winter Haven, Fla. Cosgrove, Miss Gertrude, "Beverly Hall," Quakertown, Pa. tCoTTER, Lawrence, Lake View Gardens, Jamestown, N. Y. Cottman, L. Warrington, Tiger Bay, Florida. CouRSEN, Mrs. W. A., Marietta, Ga. CousENS, Mrs. John A., 207 Suffolk Road, Chestnut Hill, Mass. Cox, C. M., 1675 Fir St., Salem. Ore. Cox, Mrs. J. Elwood, 211 E. Green St., High Point, N. C. Crafts, Miss Elizabeth S., Ridgefield, Conn. ICraig, Robert, Market and 49th Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. [Mass. tCRAiG, W. N., Faulkner Farm, Brookline, tCRAiG, W. P., 4900 Market St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Cramer, Emile R., 527 Greeley Ave., Webster Grove, J^Io. Crane, Jasper E., 354 Mt. Prospect Ave., Newark, N. J. Cranshaw, Amos, 147 Cottage Place, Pawtucket, R. I. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 151 Cravens, Mrs. R. O., 1823 H St., Sacramento, Cal. Crawford, Jamss, 10 19th St., Pater- son, N. J. Crehore, Miss Dorothy D., 409 N. Broadway, Yonkers, N. Y. Crevar Library, The John, Chicago, 111. *Crimmin8, J. D., 40 E. 68th St., New York City. Crocker, Mrs. George A., 378 Marl- borough St., Boston, Mass. Cross, John H., 12 West Strong St., Pensacola, Fla. Cross, Whitman, 2138 Bancroft Place, Washington, D. C. Crow, J. W., Dept. of Hort., Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. *Crowe, Peter, Utica, N. Y. Crowell, C. D., U. S. Navy Yard, Charleston, S. C. tCROWELL, R. Herbert, 237 E. Main St., Moorestown, N. J. tCROWELL, S. W., Roseacres, Miss. tCRTJGER, Miss Cornelia, Barrytown, N. Y. Crumbaugh, Mrs. H. H., 108 N. Lyna St.. LcRoy, 111. tCRYER, Dr. Matthew H., 140 S. Lans- downe Ave.. Lansdowne, Pa. CuLLUM, J. C. 2752 W. 3d. St., Coney Island, N. Y. CuMMiNG, A., Cromwell, Conn. tCuMMiNGS, Alex., Jr., Cromwell, Conn. Cunningham, John, 61 Morris St., Ogdensburg, N. Y. CuRREY, J. A., 194 N. 13th St., Portland, Ore. tCtJRWEN, John, Berwyn, Pa. Cusack, E. J., 716 11th St., Wilmette, 111. Cutler, Mrs. Walter P., Mountain Ave., Melrose Park, Pa. Dahl, Henry C, 2409 W. 52d St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Dahlborn, Mrs. A. L., Box 65, Car- pentersville. 111. *Dailledouze, Eugene, Flatbush, New York City. Dallam, H. G., 1318 Bolton St., Balti- more, Md. Dalton, John H., 1406 N. Robinson St., Cleburne, Tex. Daly, John F., 4324 8th St., N. W., Wash- ington, D. C. Davenport, Henry J., 253 Rugby Road, Brooklyn, N. Y. Davenport, Mrs. L. Morgan, 253 Rug- by Road, Brooklyn, N. Y. Davenport, Percy C, 29 Union Ave., Belleville, N. J. Davidson, Fred, R. F. D. 1, Box 132, Traverse City, Mich. Davis, Edward O., 244 Oak St., Indian Orchard, Mass. Davis, E. E., 78 Main St., Northampton, Mass. fDAVis, Henry J., Lansdowne, Pa. fDAVis, Henry J., Jr., Villa Nova, Pa. Davis, Mrs. Carl, Morgantown, Ind. Davis, Miss Louise L., Sycamore, Cal. Davis, Mrs. J. Leslie, 135 S. 18th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Davis, Mrs. William Webb, 94 Main St., Madison, N. J. Davis, W. E., Jr., 902 Chapel St., New Haven, Conn. Davis, William J., 700 Harrison Ave., Harrison, N. J. Day, Mrs. Walter L., 555 Mountain Ave., Westfield, N. J. Deal, H. A., 64 W. Main St., Rockville, Conn. tDEAN & Co. (Daniel Dean), Little Silver, N. J. DeBois, J. E., Sparkill, N. Y. tDEFoREST, T. B., 42d St. Bldg., Madison Ave. and 42d St., New York City. Dkgen, Jacob A., 12S8 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. Degener, Miss Lyda May, 5002 Penn St., Frankford, Pa. tDE La Mare, A. T., 438 W. 37th St., New York City. Dblin, B., 15 Hillcrest Road, Glen Ridge, N. J. DblCuro, Charles C, 23d and Kansas Sts., San Francisco, Cal. Delmonico, Mrs. L. C, 5 Grove St., Madison, N. J. Deubl, Mrs. W. F., IS Mountain Ave., Maplewood, N. J. DeWolfe, L. A., Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada. Diamond, John, 470 N. 3d St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Dick, Mrs. Fairman R., Coopers Corners, New Rochelle, N. Y. Dickinson. C. P., Orlando, Fla. Dickinson, Mrs. J. R., Wakefield, R. I. DiEBALL, Paul, Hubbard Woods, 111. DiEDRicH, F., Sand Point, Idaho. Dietrich, F. S., Clear Lake, Wash. DiMM, Mrs. George E., R. D. No. 1, Muncy, Pa. *DiMOCK, Mrs. H., 25 E. 60th St., New York City. DixoN, Mrs. T. Henry, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia. Pa. 152 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Dixon, Mrs. William A., 207 Wendover Road, Guilford, Baltimore, Md. DizER, John T., Weymouth, Mass. Doctor, William Alexander, Martinez, Cal. ♦Dodge, Mrs. W. E., Jr., 262 Madison Ave., New York City. DoLD, J. C, Wheatfield Farms, R. F. D. 14, La Salle, N. Y. tDoNOGHTJE, P. J., Natick, Mass. tDoRNER, F. E., La Fayette, Ind. tDoRNER, H. B., Urbana, 111. *Dorrance, Benjamin, Dorranceton, Pa. tDoRRANCE, Miss Anne, Dorranceton, Pa. tDoRRANCE, Mrs. Benjamin, Dorrance- ton, Pa. DoRST, Mrs. J. H., Warrentown, Va. Douglas, J. S., Bin 7, Bakersfield, Cal. Dowdy, J. J., Dexter, Mo. Drake, F. M., 524 Paul Jones Bldg., Louisville, Ky. tDREER, Henry A., 714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. Drew, Ida D., 41 Prospect Place, Brook- lyn, N. Y. Drolet, Steve, 136 Spring St., Mar- quette, Mich. Drury, Miss Mabel R., Bristol, R. I. Duffill. E. Stanley, Amherst, Mass. Dundas, Mrs. F. deS., R. F. D. No. 7, Staunton, Va. D'Umond, Mrs. John B., 503 Stille Ave., Plainfield, N. J. Dungan, Mrs. Sarah Walker, 3232 N. 16th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Dungey, Hugh, "Firenze," Elberon, N. J. Dunkin, Mrs. C. R., 2 Highland Park, Batavia, N. Y. DuNKLE, Eli, Athens, Ohio. tDuNLOP, John H., Richmond Hill, Ont., Canada. tDuNNiNG, D. M., Auburn, N. Y. Dunlap, M. F., Everett, Mass. Du Pont, Mrs. Coleman, 808 Broome St. , Wilmington, Del. DuPUY, Louis, Whitestone, Long Island, N. Y. DuRFEE, M. N., 1911 Highland Ave., Fall River, Mass. Dwight, Mrs. C. C, 149 North St., Aubiirn, N. Y. DwYER, Mrs. John M., Grosse Point Village, Mich. Dykeman, William, 1462 President St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Earle, Mrs. W. H., 178 East Ave., Nor- walk, Conn. Eaton, Hugh C, 34 Midland Ave., White Plains, N. Y. tEBEL, M .C, Madison, N. J. Ebel, Otto, Jr., 122 Hawthorn St., Brooklyn, N. Y. EccLES, Alfred L., 315 S. Clinton Ave., Trenton, N. J. Eddy, Captain Robert C, U. S. Army, Fort Sherman, Canal Zone. Eddy, Mrs. W. H., 236 James Ave., Grand Rapids, Mich. Edwards, Theo. E., Bridgeton, N. J. Eg.\n, John J., 1711 Porter St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Egan, W. C, Highland Park, 111. Egel, Dr. Chauncey M. F., 219 Elm St., Westfield, N. J. Ehlers, George, P. O. Time Clerk, St. Paul, Minn. fEiSELE, J. D., Riverton, N. J. Eisenh.^t, E. J., 913 E. A Ave., Oska- loosa, Iowa. Elbirn, Samuel B., 207 Broad St., Bridgeton, N. J. IElder, F. J., Tremont Bldg., Boston, Mass. Eldred, H. S., 552 S. Clay St., Frankfort, Ind. ♦Elldridge, Miss Isabelle, Norfolk, Conn. Ellert, Lawrence B., 1352 75th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. tELLiOTT, George T., Morton Grove, 111. Elliott, G. T., Brighton, Mass. ♦Elliott, W. H., Brighton, Mass. Ellis, W. H., Newark, N. J. Ellison, N. D., 2010 Van Buren St., Wilmington, Del. fELLW anger & Barry, Rochester, N. Y. Emerson, Edith W., 320 Walnut Ave., Roxbury, Mass. Emerson, Mrs. S. H., 425 West End Ave., New York City. Emley, Mrs. William S., 134 Wentz St., Olney, Philadelphia, Pa. Engler, W. H., 4651 Lancaster Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. fENGLisH, Mrs. W. E., 102 Monument Place, Indianapolis, Ind. Eprikian, a. G., 656 52d Street, Brook- lyn, N. Y. Epting, F. H., 13 Albertson Ave., West- mont, N. J. Erb, Lucius L., 1338 Main St., Buffalo, N. Y. Erb, William, Jr., 122 N. California St., Atlantic City, N. J. EsPAiLLAT de la Mota, Francisco, San Pedro de Macoris, Republica Domini- cana. EssiNGTON, Mrs. U. K., 254 Hudson Ave., Newark, Ohio. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 153 EsTABROOK, Leon M., 102G 17th St., Washington, D. C. Etz, Miss Katharine, 11 East Ave., Ithaca, N. Y. tEvANS, John, Richmond, Ind. EvENDEN, George W., WilUamsport, Pa. EvERiTT. S. A., Garden City, N. Y. Eyerdam, Rudolph, 3931 W. 33d St., Cleveland, Ohio. Faerver, a., 1200 W. Adams St., Los Angeles, Cal. Fairbairn, Mrs. C. T., Thomas Sta., Birmingham, Ala. Fairchilds, Mrs. M. B., 6702 Cresheim Road, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. tFANCouRT, E. J., 1612 Ludlow St., Phila- delphia, Pa. ♦Farenwald, a., Roslyn, Pa. tFARENWALD, Edward, Roslyn, Pa. Farmer, W. E., Tifton, Ga. Farnham, M. E., 406 Stewart Ave., Ithaca, N. Y. tFARQXTHAK, J. K. M. L., S. Market St., Boston, Mass. Farren, Charles F., Woodmont, Conn. Fegley, Mrs. J. H., 1445 Vernou St., Harrisburg, Pa. Feickert, Mrs. E. F., Colonial Farm, Dunellen, N. J. IFblgate, W. W., Sierra Madre, Cal. Felton, Mrs. Cyrus E., Broadview, Cohasset Rd., Youngstown, Ohio. Fendrich, Louis, 29 Daily St., West Nutley, N. J. Ferguson, Mrs. W. C, 124 Cherry Val- ley Road, Garden City, N. Y. Fbrnald, Mrs. Gardner G., Wilton, Maine. Ferris, Henry, Jr., Broad and Reed Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Fesing, H. W., Houghton, Mich. tFETTKRS, E. a., 114 Farmer St., Detroit, Mich. Filer, Paul S., 1011 W. 11th Ave., Spokane, Wash, FiRMiN, Miss B. D., Lima, Pa. Fischer, D. H. G., 122 Sumac St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Fish, A. J., New Bedford, Mass. Fishee, Leander, 1625 Robinson Ave., San Diego, Cal. fFiSHER, Peter, Ellis, Mass. Fitchett, J. H., 271 Main St., Pough- keepsie, N. Y. Fleck, Howard, 703 Greenwood Ave., Jenkintown, Pa. Fleming, George B., Ill Rebecca St., Kittanning, Pa. tFi.ETCHER, John A., 86 Lincoln Ave., Rutherford, N. J. Fletcher, Mary R., Oakland Farms, Oakland, N. J. Fletcher, Miss Eva F., 5015 Baltimore Ave., W. Philadelphia, Pa. tFLOREX Rose Gardens (Henry Gieger), North Wales, Pa. Florin, A. L., Fall River Mills, Cal. tFoLEY, Philip J., 2122 S. Ridgeway Ave., Chicago, 111. FoLZ, J., 21 Fern Ave., Collingswood, N. J. FooTE, Mrs. F. Stuart, 265 Orchard Hill, Grand Rapids, Mich. Forbes, H. W., 10 Clinton St., Taunton, Mass. tFoRBES, James, 347 Washington St., Portland, Ore. Ford, Frances B., 204 Eddy Road, Sta., H., Cleveland, Ohio. Ford, Mrs. Bruce, 25 Summit Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Foreman, Dr. A. W„ White Hall, 111. Foster, W. Edw., 336 Prospect Ave., Hackensack, N. J. Foster, William E., Public Library, Providence, R. I. Foulke, Mrs. William Dudley, Rich- mond, Ind. Fowler, E. Clarke, 6155 Webster St., Philadelphia, Pa. [Mass. Fowler, Elisha, 12 Pearl St., Boston, Fowler, Mrs. Albert E., 17 S. Maple St., Westfield, Mass. Francis, George B., 706 Crescent Ave., EUwood City, Pa. tFRANKLiN, Malcolm, 1438 S. Penn Square, Philadelphia, Pa. Franklin, R. H., 906 D St., San Ber- nardino, Cal. fFRENCH, Guy N., Niles Center, 111. French, James H., 257 Cherry St., Fall River, Mass. French, Mrs. Stephen L., 262 Under- wood St., Fall River, Mass. Freschi, John J., 32 Franklin St., New York City. Fretz, Samuel S., Jr., 1305 Oak Lane Ave., Oak Lane, Philadelphia, Pa. Frew, Mrs. W. N., 6516 5th Ave., Pitts- burgh, Pa. Fritsche, Mrs. William J., 104 W. Delaware Ave., Toledo, Ohio. Frost, Edward B., Williams Bay, Wis. Fulton, C. E., 300 Winterhill St., Pitts- bvu"gh, Pa. Fuller, Mrs. F. I., 503 Spring St., Port- land, Ore. Funk, Harry W., 251 2d Ave., Phoenix- ville, Pa. FuNKHOUSE, Mrs. E. B., 33 Perdicaris PI., Trenton, N. J. FuRNESS, Fairman R., Media, Pa. 154 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Gaehbixg, E. W., 3054 Frankford Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Gallaghkh, a. J. P., Ridley Park, Pa. Galloway, Dr. George E., Rahway, N. J. Gavtwell, Roland G., Bellingham, Wash. Ganser, Joseph B., 63 E. Main St., Norristown, Pa. Garcia, :Miss Esther, Calle 23, 263 Vedado, Havana, Cuba. Gardner, Mrs. George A., 120 W. 86th St., New York City. Gardner, N. B., 179 Knox Ave., Pitta- burgh. Pa. Garrison, E. B., 4 E. Commerce St., Bridgeton, N. J. Garver Bros. Co., The, Strasburg, Ohio. Gassner, Mrs. InnesE. S., Glenside, Pa. tGAT, Howard M., care of Peters Dry Goods Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Geiger, Miss Carrie, 3017 Girard Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Gelsey, Frederick C, Kensington, Great Neck, L. I. ♦George, Robert, Painesville, Ohio. Gephart, Charles T., Valley Falls, Kan. Gerrard, Archie C, 3319 Broadway, Indianapolis, Ind. IGersdorff, Charles E. F., 1825 N. Capitol St., Washington, D. C. Getches. R. N., 216 W. ISth St., New York City. Gibbons, Mrs. Helen E., 120 Rox- borough St. E., Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Gibbons, W. R., 150 Commerce St., Rahway, N. J. Gibbs, Milton E., 22 Wihner St., Rochester, N. Y. GiFFORD, John C, Cocoanut Grove, Fla. Gilbert, Annie Maud, 67 Cleveland St., Oregon, N. J. Gilbert, Miss Gertrude, 16 W. 8th St., New York City. Gilbert, Mrs. Julia B., 155 Summit Ave., Summit, N. J. Gilbert, Samuel C, 326 H N. Law St., Allentown, Pa. GiLBREATH, Earl R., Forest Ranger, Salmon, Idaho. GiLLETT, Frank A., Hoquian, Wash. GiLLETT, Lucy D., 31 Court St., West- field, Mass. Gillies, Thomas, 17 Garfield Ave., Santa Cruz, Cal. Gilmore, Mrs. J. C, 1434 Pine St., Philadelphia, Pa. tGLASScocK. C. W., 3919 Windsor Ave., Kansas City, Mo. Glenn, Joseph, Box 119, Oyster Bay, L. L, N. Y. GoDERF, Mrs. Catherine, Warrenton, Va. Godfrey, Charles F., 800 Broad St., Newark, N. J. GoDiN, F. L., Kingston, R. I. tGoHN, Charles, 556 Swaine St., Bristol, Pa. GoLDTHWAiTE, J. O., 278 Aiusworth Ave., Portland, Ore. GooDFELLOw, A. Z., Box 357, Fitchburg, ?ilas8. fGooD, Frank E., 535 Dibert Ave., Spring- field, Ohio. fGooD, Harry F., Springfield, Ohio. *GooD, John M., Springfield, Ohio. GooDNER, Ivan W., 1612 E. 65th St., Seattle, Wash. Goodrich, Alfred G., 10 Mid vale Road, Roland Park, Md. Gordon, Mrs. Alexander, Jr., 150 Gordon St., Swissvale, Pa. Gordon, W. A., 637 Second Ave., S., Minneapolis, Minn. Gorman, James E., 6401 Overbrook Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. GoscH, Mary C, R. F. D. 1, Rochelle, 111. GoucHER, George W., 44 Runnemede Ave., Lansdowne, Pa. Grafflin, Mrs. W, H., Glencoe, Md. Graham, Mrs. Lou, Seneca, Kan. Graham, W. Pruett, Frankfort, Ky. Grant, John, 40 Highland Ave., High- land Park, Mich. Grant, U. S., 731 Lincoln St., Evanston, 111. Grant, W. H., 3732 Washington St., Kansas City, Mo. Graton, Louis, Randolph, Mass. Gray, William, Newport, R. I. Greaves, James H., Marlboro, N. Y. Greeley, A. P., 2632 Garfield St., Wash- ington, D. C. Greeley, A. W., 969 High St., Williams- port, Pa. Green, F. L., Greenwood, Ontario, Can- ada. Green, Miss Adelaide, Port Clinton, Ohio. Green, R. W., 46 W. Walnut Ave., Mercbantville, N. J. Green, W. J., Horticulturist, Ohio Agric. Exp. Sta., Wooster, Ohio. Greenfield, Mrs. Leo D., 52 Summit Drive, Far Rockaway, N. Y. Greenman, H., 174 Park St., Montclair, N. J. Greenwood, Burt W., Worcester Co. Horticultural Society, Worcester, Mass. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 155 Greer, Mrs. H. C, Box 849, Morgan- town, W. Va. Gregory, A. H., N. Y. Belting and Pack- ing Co., San Francisco, Cal. Greve, Charles T., 530 Maxwell Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. Gribbel, Mrs. John, Wyncote, Pa. Gribble, R. B., 301 Barr Ave., Crafton, Pa. Griffen, Geo. M., Plainfield, N. J. Griss, Mrs. Karl, 810 Dayton St., Hamilton, Ontario. Canada. Grobbel, Mrs. D. C, 565 Montclair Ave., Detroit, Mich. Groome, H. C, Warrenton, Va. Groscup, F. N., 211 S. Broad St., Eliza- beth, N. J. tGROSHENS, Victor, Roslyn, Pa. Groves, F. S., Pier 3, South Delaware Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Gruber, Emtl, care of Mrs. W. P. Jenka, Morristown, N. J. Gruver, M. E., 16 Oliver Ave., Du Bois, Pa. tGuDE, A., 1214 F St., N. W., Washing- ton, D. C. tGuPE, W. F., 1214 F St., N. W., Wash- ington, D. C. GuNDEL, L. R., 161 First St., Woodhaven, N. Y. GuNDERSON, Mrs. T. I., Centerville, S. D. GuNBBURG, Mrs. D., 152 Lincoln Park- way, Buffalo, N. Y. tGuNTHER, C. T., Hamburg, N. Y. *GuTTMAN, Alex. J., 43 W. 28th St., New York City. Haak, John H., 311 Lumbermen's Bldg., Portland, Ore. Haden, Mrs. Florence P., Cocoanut Grove, Fla. Hadley, Chalmers, Public Library, Denver, Col. Hadley, Mrs. A. M., 240 S. Forrest St., Bellingham, Wash. Haehnlen, Louis F., 2l8t St. and Belle- vue Road, Harrisburg, Pa. Hagar, Mary G., 511 3d St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Haggin. Mrs. Ben Alt, 121 Madison Ave., New York City. Hague, C. F., Lincoln Bldg., Lockport, N. Y. Hale, J. H., Glastonbury, Conn. Hall, Asa, 2958 Roxbury St., Los Angeles, Cal. Hall, Mrs. Annie R., R. F. D. Box 12, Hall Station, Turtle Creek P. O., Pa. Hall, W. Hunt, Equitable Building, New York City. Hallett, H. H., Davenport Neck, New Rochelle, N. Y. Hallett, Mrs. H. H., Davenport Neck, New Rochelle, N. Y. Hallock, George W., Orient, N. Y. Hambleton, Mrs. F. T., Hambledune, Lutherville, Md. Hamer, Stephen, 3317 Haverford Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Hamilton, R. L., 1723 W. Lexington St., Baltimore, Md. fHAMMOND, Benjamin, Beacon, N. Y. Hankap, H., 119 Vernon Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Hansen, A. V., 407 Windomere Ave., Dallas, Tex. IHanshew, E. D., 95 Hawthorne St., Brooklyn, N. Y. tHANSON, N. E., Booking, S. D. Hanson, Oscar H., 20 W. 35th St., New York City. Harde, Mrs. Herbert C, 350 W. 85th St., New York City. Haring, Mrs. J. C, 1614 E. Main St., Massillon, Ohio. Harms, L. R., Box 516, Muscatine, Iowa. Harnden, Willis, Fayetteville, N. Y. Harris, E. V. E., Pontohartrain Grove, La. Harris, Frederick A., R. F. D., Amherst Mass. Harris, Henry F., Chestnut Hill, Phila- delphia, Pa. Harris, S. G., 63 Hamilton Place, Tarry- town, N. Y. tHARRis, W. K., 55th St. and Springfield Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Harris, Wharton E., Lansdowne, Pa. Harris, William, Rockwood, Ontario, Canada. Harrison, Miss Carrie, care U. S. Dept. of Agric, Bureau of Plant Industry, Washington, D. C. Harrison, Mrs. Charles C, Jr., 243 S. 18th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Harrison, W. C., Painesville, Ohio. tHARRisoN, W. W., 119 N. 11th St., Phila- delphia, Pa. tHART, George B., 47 Stone St., Roches- ter, N. Y. Hartb, Mrs. R. H., 1503 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pa. Harting, C. Fred, 746 Spruce Ave., Niagara Falls, N. Y. Hartw^ick, C. W., 113 Conoy St., Har- risburg, Pa. Harvey, John F., 3912 N. 7th St., Phila- delphia, Pa. IHaskett, W, a., Dubuque, Iowa. Hastings, Dr. William A.. Sumas, Wash. Hatton, Thomas, Pequot Ave., New Lon- don, Conn. 156 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Haug, I. L., 2313 Durant Ave., Berkeley, Cal. Hausee, Herbert, 4670 San Sebastian Ave., Oakland, Cal. Haven, William I., 75 Fernwood Rd., Summit, N. J. Havexs, Albert G., Box 182, Mountain Lakes, N. J. Hawes, Mrs. Raymond, Apartado 94, Cananea, Sonora, Mex. Hawkes, Mrs. ^IcDougall, 8 E. 53d St., New York City. Hawkins, Miss Beatrice, Morewood Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. Hawkins, Miss Sarah G., 238 E. High- land Ave., Chestnut Hill, Pa. Hawkinson, Theodore W., Walker, Iowa. Haw ley, Mrs. Flora S., 51 Spring St., Eureka Springs, Ark. Hawman, William M., 250 E. Ross St., Lancaster. Pa. tHAYES, George E., Westfield, N. J. Hates, H. W.. Waban, Mass. Hatward, Mrs. Ltdia A., LawTence Park W., Bronxville. N. Y. Hayward, Mrs. W. E., Vine Hill, Ips- wich, Mass. tHEACOCK, James W., Wyncote, Pa. *Heacock, Joseph. Wyncote, Pa. Healey, R. E., 45 Broad St., Plattsburg, N. Y. Heard, Dr. Ethel L., 1927 Avenue H., Galveston, Tex. Hearl, H. M., 4726PennSt.,Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. Heath, Miss M. E., Washington, Conn. Heath, Mrs. Walter C, 7 Beekman Road, Summit, N. J. Heath, N. C. & Co., Columbia, S. C. Heinemann, a. W., 909 Oriental Ave., CoUingswood, N. J. Heins, Mrs. G. L., Lake Mokegan, N. Y. Heintsh, J. De Barry, 678 N. Chestnut St., Lancaster, Pa. Heitmanetz, Joseph, Schuyler, Neb. Heitzman, George, 808 Belmont Ave., CoUingswood, N. J. Heller, Clyde A., 6471 Overbrook Ave., Philadelphia. Pa. *Heller, Myer, South Park Floral Co., New Castle, Ind. Helmer, R. H., Supt. Experimental Sta- tion, Summer land, B. C, Canada. Hems, A. W., National Acme Mfg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio. ♦Henderson, Chas., 35-37 Cortlandt St., New York City. Henderson, George H., 1107 E. 111th St., Cleveland, Ohio. Henderson, Mrs, H. G., 82 Ir\ang Place, New York City. tHENDRiCKSON, I. S., Flowerfield, N. Y. Henrickson, Mrs. Eliza, Box 85, Haworth, N. J. Henry, Frank B., 3528 Old York Road, Philadelphia, Pa. Henry, Mrs. J. J., Flourtown, Pa. tHBNSHAW, A. M., 51 W. 28th St., New York City. tHENTz, Henry, Jr., Madison, N, J. Herndon, Dr. J. S., Roseburg, Ore. Herring, P., Kjobenhavn, Denmark. Hess, George W., Supt. U. S. Botanical Garden, Washington. D. C. Hess, H. J., 123 William St., New York City. Hesson, C. a., St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. Hevessy, Berthold, Jewish Hospital, Logan, Philadelphia, Pa. Heydt, Mrs. Herman A., 301 W. 91st St., New York City. Higbie, Robert W., Highland Ave., Jamaica, N. Y. Higgins, H. W., 131 Mechanic St., Orange, Mass. *Hill, E. G.. Richmond, Ind. Hill, W. Gordon, 110 N. 9th St., Newark, N. J. HiLLGER, Samuel E., 12 Park Ave., Auburn, N. Y. Hillman, John E., Delta, Col. Hilton, John T., 150 Fair St., Paterson, N.J. Hind, George U., San Rafael, Cal. Hinds, Miss Virginia R., Kenwood, N. Y. HiNZ, Benjamin E., 2930 Broadway, Toledo, Ohio. HiPPLE, Frank E., 1529 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, Pa. HippLER. Harry R., 134 Forest Ave., Drexel Hill, Pa. Hjort, Mrs, P. J., Thomasville, Ga. Hjort, S. C, Quitman, Ga. Hobbie, W, F., 1001 Broadway, New York City, Hobbs, Edgar E., 87 Greenwood Ave., Rumford, R. I. Hobson, L. D., 3183 Hillside Ave., Cin- cinnati, Ohio. Hodgson, H. W., 14 Minnesota Ave., Richmond Hill, N. Y. Hoe, E. C, Whitefish Bay, Wis. Hoffman, J. L., 103 Peachtree St., Atlanta, Ga. HoFFMEiER, Dr. E. F., Mauch Chunk, Pa. HoFFORD, A. J., Ross, Cal. HoGAN, WiLLARD A., 13 N. Bumett St., East Orange, N. J. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 157 HoLABiRD, Charles, R. F. D. 1, Bridge- port, Conn. HoLCOMB, Rose B., R. D. 6, Naples, N. Y. HoLDEN, Mrs. Edward P., Madison, N. J. HoLLiDAY, George, Marion, Mass. HoLLiNGSwoRTH, Mrs. C. B., Greens- burg, Pa. HoLMANS, Mrs. Lewis H. P., 1028 W. 55th St., Los Angeles, Cal. tHoLMES, Eber, Montrose, Mass. Holmes, H. L., Jr., 224 N. Cleveland Ave., Canton, Ohio. tHoLZNAGLE, Frank, Highland Park, Detroit. Mich. HooNFECK, Miss Frances, 66 Lakeside Ave., Verona, N. J. HoMANS, Miss Susan Tyng, 121 Maple Ave., Flushing, N. Y. tHoPKiNS, B. M., 311 N. Washington St., Alexandria, Va. Hopkins, Dr. A. D., Bureau of En- tomology, Washington, D. C. Hormel, Herman, 197 Stratford St., West Roxbury, Mass. HoRNBECK, Mrs. H. H., 66 Lakeside Ave., Verona, N. J. Horwill, Mrs. Edward T., 1186 Dean St., Brooklyn, N. Y. HosroRD, G. L., Box 615, Wichita, Kan. Hough, Mrs. Garryde N., 542 County St., New Bedford, Mass. Hough, W. L, 228 S. Carolina Ave., Washington, D. C. Houghton, F. E., 10 Post Office Sq., Boston, Mass. Housekeeper, Miss Anita, 1222 Stiles St., Philadelphia, Pa. Howard, Mrs. R. R., 216 Seminole Ave., Detroit, Mich. tHowARD & Smith, 9th and Oliver Sts., Los Angeles, Cal. Howe, E. W., 378 Washington St., Bos- ton, Mass. Howe, Henry Marion, Broad Brook Road, Bedford Hills, N. Y. Howe, Walter B., Princeton, N. J. Howell, G. P., 326 Sylvan Court, Flint, Mich. Howell, Henry, 165 Harvey St., Ger- mantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Howland, Mrs. John G., 280 Park Ave., Bridgeport, Conn. Howland, Mrs. William B., The Chel- sea, W. 23d St., New York City. Hoyt, W. M., Green Cove Springs, Fla. *HuDSON, Mrs. C. L, 1 E. 76th St., New York City. Huebner, Paul, Wayne Junction, Phila- delphia, Pa. Hueter, a., 220 S. Beaver St., York, tHuEY, Dr. Robert, 330 S. 15th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Hugo, Harry F., Aldan, Pa. Humphrey, Mrs. A. P., Glenview, Ky. Humphreys, J. H., Andorra Nurseries, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. tHuNKEL, H. v., 462 Milwaukee Ave., Milwaukee, Wis. Hunt, Bessie L., Skaneateles, N. Y. Hunt, Mrs. R. A., Amberson Place, Pitts- burgh, Pa. tHuRRELL, H. A., Summit, N. J. Huston, Miss C. L., 5521 Wayne Ave., Germantown, Pa. Huston, T. S., 2839 Pacific St., Belling- ham. Wash. tHuTCHiNS, Mrs. Edward W., 166 Bea- con St., Boston, Mass. fHuTSON, A. R., Brighton, Mass. Hyslop, Frances, Home Spring Farm, Springfield, Ohio. Ilton, Rupert H., 1003 W. Wishkah St., Aberdeen, Wash. Ingerson, Mrs. D., 127 Randall Ave., Syracuse, N. Y. Irving, Mrs. J. B., 1049 W. 55th St., Kansas City, Mo. tiRWiN, R. J., 108 W. 28th St., New York City. Isenberg, Miss Mabel R., NordhofT, Cal. Jackson, Margaret C. K., 98 W. Newell Ave., Rutherford, N. J. Jackson, Mrs. John P., 60 St. Nicholas Ave., New York City. Jackson & Perkins Co., Newark, N. Y. Jacobs, Miss Matilda, Pointed Firs, Aurora, N. Y. tJ.vcoBUS, M. R., Ridgefield, N. J. Jahn, Mrs. Gustave A., 141 E. 19th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Jarvis, Oscar B., 44 Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y. Jeanneret, R. a., 3733 College Ave., Kansas City, Mo. Jekyl Island Club (Mr. Grob), Bruns- wick, Ga. Jenks, Mrs. William P., Morristown, N.J. JiRDiNSTON, W. C, 228 nth St., MoUne, 111. Johanning, Charles, 4411 SulHvan Ave., St. Bernard, Ohio. Johnson Bros., 2100 Pratt Boulevard, Chicago, 111. Johnson, D., 429 Palmerston Ave., Toronto, Canada. Johnson, Edmund G., 234 Lockling Ave., Brookfield, Mo. 158 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Johnson, H, E., 606 Pine St., Marquette, Mich. JoHxsox, Sadie E., 8 E. 4th St., South Bethlehem, Pa. Johnston, R. M., 1061 N. Broadway, Yonkers, X. Y. Johnstone, Caroline A., Thendara, Glen Ridge, N. J. Johnstone, Kate A., 703 S. Pasadena Ave., Pasadena, Cal. Johnstone, Mrs. Homer C, Short Hills, N. J. Jones, B. F., Jr., Irwin and Ridge Sts., N. S., Pittsburgh, Pa. Jones, Edqar A., 130 S. Main St., Soranton, Pa. t Jones, James E., Richmond, Ind. Jones, Mrs. A. B., 2204 Orrington Ave., Evanston, 111. Jones, Ruth, 310 Farmer St., South Otsego, Mich. Jordan, Mrs. E. B., Jr., 129 Hilton Ave., Hempstead, L. I., N. Y. JossELYN, E. Howard, 2714 Fenwick Ave., Baltimore, Md. tJoY, H. M., Joy Floral Co., Nashville, Tenn. Judd, Mrs. M. E., "Queonta," Dalton, Ga. Juhl, J., 3053 2d Ave. S., Minneapolis, Minn. Julihn, L. G., 208 Ouray Bldg., Wash- ington, D. C. Julihn, Mrs. L. G., 4729 13th St., Wash- ington, D. C. Jump, John W. D., 109 Goldsborough St., Easton, Md. tJuROENS, Carl, Newport, R. I. Kahle, H. M., 42 Rich Ave., Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Kalbfleisch, Franklin H., 31 Union Sq., W., New York City. Kane, Mrs. Joseph W., 1503 20th Ave., Altoona, Pa. Karlovec, a. J., 3847 W. 44th St., Cleve- land, Ohio. flvARLSTRON, R., South Orangc, N. J. Kauffman, T. B., 1416 Lakewood Ave., Lima, Ohio. Kear, G. W., Highland Park, New Rochelle, N. Y. Kkeler, B. a., 1450 Railway Exchange, Chicago, 111. Keene, p., R. F. D. 1, Box 154, Napa, Cnl. Keenert, E. L., 55 E. Fair\'iew St., Bethlehem, Pa. tKELLER, W. L., 25 N. Clinton St., Rochester, N. Y. Kellogg, Herbert S., 80 Forest Ave., Glen Ridge, N. J. Kelly, Miss Mary J., 860 N. 40th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Kelly, Mrs. Samuel R., 1145 Beech- wood Blvd., Pittsburgh, Pa. (East Liberty.) Kelsey, Harlan P., Salem, Mass. Kemmerer, Mrs. J. F., CUnton, Wis. Kemp, Thomas E., 494 Adams St., Dor- chester, Mass. Kendal, H. B., 56 Cadillac Square, Detroit, Mich. Kendall, M. W., 623 Greeley Ave., Webster Groves, Mo. Kenea, Miss Edith L., Thomaston, Conn. tKENNEDY, Mrs. John S., 400 Park Ave., New York City. Kenyon, L. S., 901 W. Washington St., Oklahoma, Okla. Kerr, Mrs. Samuel T., 1907 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pa. tKERSTEiN, Ernest, Black Rock, Bridge- port. Conn. Kessler, George E., 423 Security Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. Kessler, Henry, Glenmary Farm, Red Bank, N. J. KiGGixs, Mrs. H. A., 324 W. Jersey St., EUzabeth, N. J. KiMBERLY, Mrs. H. C, Kimberly St., Redlands, Cal. tKiMUND, W. J., Elmhurst, lU. King, J. F., Leaksville, N. C. King, John A., 3 W. Craig St., Union- town, Pa. tKiNG, Mrs. Francis, Alma, Mich. tKiNG, R. G., United States Cut-Flower Co.. Elmira, N. Y. tKiNG, R. O., Tonawanda, N. Y. King, William R., 6043 Jenkins Arcade Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. KiNsiNGER, Mrs. Florence, 2103 Bryant St., N. E., Langdon, D. C. Kintigh, William Grant, Irwin, Pa. KiRBY, James, Huntington, L. I., N. Y. Kirkpatrick, F. S., Lynchburg, Va. KiRSCH, Mrs. W., 121 W, 61st St., Los Angeles, Cal. tKLEiNHEiNz, William, Ogont«, Pa. Knorr, Louis C, 1212 14th Ave., Detroit, Mich. Knox, Mrs. Jessie C, San Diego, Cal. KoENiQ, A. B., 3119 Arsenal St., St. Louis, Mo. KoENiQ. Otto G., 6474 Floisaart St., St. Louis, Mo. KoMMET, Frank, Lincoln Park, N. J. tKRAMER, F. H., 916 F St., Washington, D. C. Krause, J. S., 20 E. Market St., Bethle- hem, Pa. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 159 Kremer, Mrs. Ernest. 517 4th St., Niag- ara Falls, N. Y. tlvRESs, Edw., 2506 E. North Ave., Baltimore, Md. Kretzenger, Mrs. John, R. D. 2, Coop- erstown, N. Y. Krippendorf, Carl, Sycamore and News Sts., Cincinnati, Ohio. KuEHNE, F. R., care of A. B. Dick, Lake Forest, 111. KuHN, Fred A., Box 69, Williamsville, N. Y. Kurtz, Thomas C, 699 Schuyler St., Portland, Ore. Kyle, Harold M., Box 287, Hillsdale, N.J. La GET, Mrs. J. M., 6106 Christian St., W. Philadelphia, Pa. Ladd, Charles M., 31 Trinity Terrace, Springfield, Mass. fLAGER, John E., Simimit, N. J. Laqna, Charles, Santa Barbara, Cal. fLAMBORN, L. L., Alliance, Ohio. Lammkat, a., 4167 Loughborough Ave., St. Louis, Mo. Lane, Bernard H., 1527 Farragut St., Washington, D. C. Lane, Joseph J., "The Garden Maga- zine," 11 W. 32d St., New York City. Lang, George F., 807 Van Buren St., Wilmington, Del. Lang, William F., Jr., 31 Dart St., Buf- falo, N. Y. Langdon, Clarence Willcox, South- ington. Conn. Langdon, William A., 133 Girard Ave., Hartford, Conn. tLANGjAHR, Alfred H., 130 W. 28th St.. New York City. Lansburgh, Mrs. P. W., Hartsdale, N. Y. Larkin, Mrs. Harry H., 160 Windsor Ave.,Buffalo, N. Y. Lauer, Mrs. Edward, 217 Bouquet St., Pittsburgh, Pa. Laughlin, Mrs. Alex., Beaver Road, Sewickley, Pa. Laughlin, Mrs. Alex., Jr., 801 Irwin Ave., N. S., Pittsburgh, Pa. fLAUTENSCHLAGER, F., 440 W. Erie St. Chicago, 111. Lawrence, H. V., 599 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Lawrbncb, p. S., 822 N. Cuyler Ave., Oak Park, 111. Lay, Hunry H., 502 S. Tremont St., Kewanee, 111. Lbach, Aloysius Anthony, 7012 Thomas Bldg., E. E., Pittsburgh, Pa. Leavbns, G. M. C. p., Kaycee, Wyoming. Leavitt, Charles W., 220 Broadway, New York City. Lee, J. W., Jr., Rye, N. Y. tLEBDLB, Arthur C, Springfield, Ohio. tLEEDLE, George D., Springfield, Ohio. Lehmann & Stage, Boghandel, Copen- hagen, Denmark. Lehrenkrauss, Mrs. J., 195 Prospect Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. Leigh, Robert J., 280 Gilmour Ave., Toronto, Canada. Leister, B. P., 114 Ingram Ave., S. W., Canton, Ohio. Leonard, Mrs. Frank E., 423 Terrace Ave., S. E., Grand Rapids, Mich. Lester, A. E., 30 E. 57th St., New York City. Leuba, Andre, Waterford, Conn. Levison, Harry, 2226 Putman St., Toledo, Ohio. Lewin, Frank, Hawthorne, Cal. Lewis, Edw. H., Mount Holly, N. J. Lewis, George W., 144 Midland Ave., Glen Ridge, N. J. Lewis, L. A., 302 Coulter Bldg., Los Angeles, Cal. Lewis, Mrs. J. L., R. F. D. 1, Erie, Pa. Lew-is, William Dabney, 111 S. Adams St., Carthage, 111. Leys, G. B., 96 Albion Place, Port Rich- mond, S. I., N. Y. Lichtenstein, Isaac, 22 W. 43d St., New York City. LiNDBLOOM, David, 538 62d St., Brooklyn, N. Y. fLiNDLEY, J. M., Pomona, N. C. tLiNDLEY, J. Van, Pomona, N. C. Lindsay, John M., 716 Lamar Ave., Wilkinsburg, Pa. LiNGENFELTER, RoBERT C, R. F. D. 2, Box 41, Altoona, Pa. LippiNCOTT, Raymond, 6 Merrick Villa, Collingswood, N. J. Little, C. A., Box 247, Elyria, Ohio. Livingstone, Pauline E., 28 Clarendon St., Springfield, Mass. Locher, Mrs. Grove, Lancaster, Pa. LocKEY, R. P., Nacogdoches, Tex. Logan, Thomas W., Jenkintown, Pa. LoGUE, P., 3700 Fairmount Ave., W. Philadelphia, Pa. LoMMEN, Dr. Clarence, Fordville, N. D. Long, A. G., 4304 Scott Terrace, Minne- apolis, Minn. tLoNG, Daniel B., Buffalo, N. Y. tLoNG, Henry F., 3a Somerset St., Bos- ton, Masa. LoRiNG, Charles A., 91 Woodland Ave., New Rochelle, N. Y. tLovBJOY, J. R., Lenox Road, Schenectady, N. Y. Lovejoy, L. W., 66 Plymouth Ave., Fall River, Mass. 160 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL LovELL, Mrs. F. H., Jr., Madison, N, J. LovERiNG, Miss L. L., 10 Dean St., Taunton, !^IaBs. Low, Clarence F., 204 Carondelet St., New Orleans, La. tLowE, Mrs. Edw. B., Grand Rapids, Mich. Lowell, Edgar L., 415 E. 17th St., N., Portland, Ore. Lowell, Miss Helen E., 2610 Jackson St., San Francisco, Cal. LuDLAM, Mrs. Isaac C, West Shore Road, Oyster Bay, N. Y. LuDWELL, Daniel M., Willoughby and Jay Sts., Brooklyn, N. Y. LuDWiG, M. H., 320 Russell Hill Road, Toronto, Canada. Lumpkin, Mrs. E. K., Athens, Ga. LuNDY, Mrs. F. H., 331 High St., Wil- liamsport, Pa. LuPTON, A. "W., Rahway, N. J. LuTTON, William H., West Side Ave, Jersey City, N. J. LuTz, Mrs. Sophie, 1623 Sierra Bonita, Hollywood, Cal. Lyman, Mrs. J. P., Ashby, Mass. tLYNCH, P. J., West Grove, Pa. Lynden, Dr. C. M. McLeod, Whatcom, Wash. MacClory, Thomas A., Union, N. Y. MacConnell, Thomas, 793 Crescent Ave.,Buffalo, N. Y. Mackrell, Alex., 128 Linden Ave., Collingswood, N. J. Mackrille, a., 440 Yale Ave., New Haven, Conn. *Macy, V. Everett, 86 Broad St., New York City. Magnan, Jean Charles, St. Casimer, Quebec. Magrdder, Mrs. H. W., 630 N. Kansas Ave., Liberal, Kan. Malkiel, Leon A., 116 Nassau St., New York Citv. Mahon, Joseph E., Glen Head, N. Y. Mahoxey, Francis T., 20 Bicknell St., Dorchester, Mass. tMANDA, W. A., South Orange, N. J. Mann, George R., 1711 Center St., Little Rock, Ark. Mann, James R., House of Representa- tives, Washington, D. C. Mannering, E., 222 N, 22d St., Wil- mington, Del Manning, Warren H., North Billerica, Mass. Maple, E. D., Sullivan, Ind. Marck, Addison A., BurUngton, Wis. Mariner, George E., 207 S. 9th St., La Crosse, Wis. tMARKHAM, Miss F. G., Dorranceton, Pa. Marsh, Raymond C, Mendham, N. J. Marshull, R. R., 28 Walnut Ave., Wheeling, W. Va. Martin, Arthur H., 52 Manitoba St., St. Thomas, Ont. Martin, Henry C, 25 Madison Ave., New York City. Martin, L. B., 1929 Vine Place, Minne- apolis, Minn. tMARTiN, Mrs. E. P., 1721 Locust St., Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. Martin, William F., 1613 Marion St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Martin, W. L., 223 Ridgewood Ave., Minneapolis, Minn. Mason, C. H., The Dans^nlle Gas & Elec- tric Co., Dansville, N. Y. Mason, John W., 3 St. Davids Place, Atlantic City, N. J. ♦Mason, Mrs. J. H., 215 Madison Ave., New York City. Mason, W. H., 3rd, 107 Union St., Mount Holly, N. J. Massic, Frank A., 521 First St., Char- lottesville, Va. Matheson, Mrs. W. J., Cocoanut Grove, Fla. *Mathison, F. R., Waltham, Mass. Matthews, Mrs. C. W., 822 Quincy Ave., Scranton, Pa. Mauss, Joseph, P. O. Box 197, Seattle, Wash. Mavor, Charles, Wheaton, 111. Maxwell, Miss Marcia B., 5238 Lan- caster Ave., W. Philadelphia, Pa. tMAY, H. O., Summit, N. J. *May, John N., Summit, N. J. May, Mrs. E. C, 6300 Beacon St., Pittsburgh, Pa. Mayhew, Mrs. M. W., care of Miss Wads- worth, Tate St., Valley View, Maple- wood, N. J. tMAYO, E. S., 214 Culver Road, Rochester, N. Y. IMcAlpin, William, 256 Davenport St., Boston, Mass. McCallum, William H., 6602 German- town Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. IklcCAMPBELL, Mrs. Theron, Holmdel, N. J. McCanne, H. D., Paoli, Pa. JvIcCarthy, Sarah A., 32 Vesta Road, Dorchester, Mass. McClellan, Joseph, 640 W. Main St., Norristown, Pa. McClure, B. S., Wheeling, W. Va. McConnell, J. H., 1776 Sycamore Ave., Hollywood, Cal. McCready, Mrs. Margaret, 237 S. Main St., Cadiz, Ohio. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 161 McCready, R. T., Sewickley, Pa. McCuRDT, William G., 4 Hawthorne St., Orange, N. J, McDowell, John W., 52 Wade Ave., Washington, Pa. McElroy, W.T., Box 412, Ottumwa, Iowa. McEwEN, Mrs. Alfred, "Craig Anel," Tarrytown, N. Y. ♦McFarland, J. Horace, Harrisburg, Pa. McGhee, John W., 508 E. Westmoreland St., Philadelphia, Pa. McGirk, Annie, Philipsburg, Pa. McGrady, J. W., 301 S. Rebecca St., E. E., Pittsburgh, Pa. McGuRK, James H., N. E. cor. 2d and Columbia Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. McHattan, T. H., University of Georgia, Athens, Ga. McIlwaine, a. Robinson, 3209 Baring St., Philadelphia, Pa. McKeever, E. E., Los Angeles, Cal. McKenzie, Mrs. Margaret Stewart, 358 5th Ave., New York City. McKiB, Miss K. M., Cambridge, N. Y. McLane, Miss Fanny K., 903 Cathedral St., Baltimore, Md. *McMahon, F., Seabright, N. J. McMuRRiCH, K. D., E. 1st St., Oswego, N. Y. McPhee, Miss Jane R., 81 High St., Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Meals, I. D., 275 Brigga St., Harrisburg, Pa. Mellon, Mrs. R. B., 6500 5th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. Mellon, Mrs. T. A., 401 N. Negley Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. Mellon, Mrs. W. L., Forbes and Darl- ington, Pittsburgh, Pa. Mellon, William J., 201 Sumac St., Wissahickon, Philadelphia, Pa. Menager, L. C, R. F. D. 4, Jackson- ville, Fla. Mengel, Ralph H., 9 N. 6th St., Read- ing, Pa. Merriam, Mrs. E. W., 132 Main St., Newton, N. J. Merrick, Mrs. H. M., High and Madi- son Sts., Pottstown, Pa. Mershon, Elsie C, 293 S. El Molino Ave., Pasadena, Cal. Metzger, Ralph A., 132 E. North St., New Philadelphia, Ohio. Meyers, G. W., 1452 W. 81st St., Cleve- land, Ohio. Meyers, Mrs. B., 20 Madison Ave., Madison, N. J. Michell, Frank B., Andalusia, Pa. tMiCHELL, Henry F., 518 Market St., Philadelphia, Pa. Middleton, Mrs. C. W., Torresdale, Pa. MiERZWA, Charles, Homestead Steel Works, Munhall, Pa. Miller, A. L., Sutphin Road and Rocka- way Bldg., Jamaica, N. Y. Miller, Earl S., 30 Lathrop Ave., Binghamton, N. Y. Miller, E. M., Los Angeles, Cal. Miller, G., 328 W. 101st St., New York City. [N. J. Miller, H. H., P. O. Box 105, Peapack, Miller, Hoffman, Tuxedo, N. Y. Miller, Miss Julia, Lowthorpe, Groton, Mass. *MiLLER, Mrs. Elizabeth C. T., 1010 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. Miller, Mrs. Hazel, Box 163, Free- water, Ore. Miller, Mrs. S. M. D., 1162 15th St., Detroit, Mich. Miller, Mrs. T. K., Univ. Parkway and 39th St., Baltimore, Md. Miller, P. B., 415 35th Ave., S., Seattle, Wash. tMiLLER, Robert, Farmington, Utah. tMiLLS, E. S., D.D., 823 Sumner St., Syracuse, N. Y. tMiLLS, Mark Pack.4.rd 55th St. and Springfield Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. MiLSTEAD, William, Cold Spring Harbor, L. L, N. Y. Minns, Miss Susan, Princeton, Mass. Mishey, M. B., Box 93, Mount Joy, Pa. Mitchell, C. C, 346 Clarkson St., Dor- chester, Mass. Mitchell, Francis B., Pittsford, N. Y. Mitchell, Mrs. Walter, Morewood Place, E. E., Pittsbvirgh, Pa. Mitchell, S. Roger, Forest Ave., Rye, N. Y. Mitchell, W. G., 5 S. Water St., Rochester, N. Y. Moffitt, James K., 86 Sea View Ave., Piedmont, Cal. MoHLMAN, Mrs. J. H., Brielle, N. J. MoHNEY, Delwyn D., 1315 4tb Ave., Ford City, Pa. ♦Montgomery, Alex., Natick, Mass. *Montgomery, Alex., Jr., Natiok, Mass. tMoNTGOMERY, R. J., Hadlcy, Mass. JMoNTGOMERY, ROBERT, Natick, Mass. INIooDY, L. W., Emporia, Kan. tMooRE, F. L., Chatham, N. J. MooRE, J. Turner, Reading, Pa. MooRE, Miss K. T., Scarborough, N. Y. MooBE, Mrs. Jessie S., Winthrop, Mass. Moore, Mrs. Kenneth W., 19 Perdi- caris Place, Trenton, N. J. Morden, M. B., Bank of Hamilton, Ham- ilton, Ontario, Canada. Morgan, Victor H., 329 The Rookery, Chicago, 111. 162 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Morgan, William D., Georgetown, S. C. Morrill, Mrs. I. N., 11025 Magnolia Drive, Cleveland, Ohio. Morris, J. G., Millneck, L. I.. N. Y. Morris, Mrs. A. G., 66 Beechwood Ter- race, Yonkers, N. Y. Morrow, James, Cataaauqua, Pa. Morse. Mrs. C. H., 1730 Broadway, New York City. ♦MoRTENSON, Stephen, Southampton, Pa. Morton, C. C, Jacksonville, N. C. Morton, William C, 2214 N. 2d St., Harrieburg, Pa. Moss, Mrs. Charles H., Black Hall, Conn. Motley, Mrs. Thomas, Jr., 241 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. Moulton, W. C, Thomas Station, Birmingham, Ala. Mulford, Fanny A., 127 Fulton Ave., Hempstead, N. Y. tMuLFORD, F. L., Agricultural Dept., Washington, D. C. MuLLER, Jean Paul, 423 Woodward Bldg., Washington, D. C. Mtjmma, Harry K., 922 Oak Hill Ave., Hagerstown, Md. MuNDY, Mrs. E. P., Terrace Park, Ohio. MtJRPHY, F. X., Kensington St. and E. Allegheny Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Murphy, Miss Katharine E., 6300 Park Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. tMuRPHY, Roger H., Urbana, Ohio. Murphy, Thomas J., 185 Hammond St., Chestnut Hill, Mass. tMuRRAY, Samuel, 1017 Grand Ave., Kansas City, Mo. MussER, Rev. James B., 735 Crescent Ave., EUwood City, Pa. MuTH, William J., Lansdowne, Pa. Myers, C. G., 170 W. Columbia St., Alliance, Ohio. tMYERS, F. P., Chestnut Hill, Philadel- phia, Pa. Myers, H. W., Tropico, Cal. tMYERS, J. S., Chestnut Hill, Philadel- phia, Pa. Nagel, Dr. J. Darwin, 106 E. 3Sth St., New York City. Nash, Mrs. S. P., Millburn, N. J. Neff, William L., 256 N. 23d St., East Orange, N. J. Nehrling, Arno H., Amherst, Mass. Nbily, Miss K. H., 9 W. 29th St., Balti- more, Md. tNaiMAN, E. P., 1643 Broadway, Denver, Col. Nelson, Alex. C, Ruxton, Md. Nelson, Dr. J. J., 330 S. 15th St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Nelson, J. P., 49 Wall St., New York City. Nelson, Rudolph B., 1143 N. 52d St., Los Angeles, Cal. Nettleboro, Mrs. DeW. B., 245 Broad St., Sewickley, Pa. tNKWBOLD, Fred, C, 109 E. 72d St., New York City. Newbold, James B., 2038 Eutaw Place, Baltimore, Md. tNEWBOLD, Miss Edith, 109 E. 72d St., New York City. Newbold, Mrs. E. S., 801 Vernon Road, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. Newell, H. G. G., P. O. Box 141, Fellows, Cal. Nichols, C. A., 21 Townsend St., Wor- cester, Mass. Nichols, J. A., 13104 Forest Hill Ave. East Cleveland, Ohio. Nichols, Mrs. H. S. P., 346 Pelham Road, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Nichols, Mrs. J. C, Country Club Dis- trict, Kansas City, Mo. tNiCHOLSON, W^illiam, Framingham, Mass. tNisssEN, Leo., 12th and Race Sts., Phila- delphia, Pa. Nitchie, Mrs. J. E., Westfield, N. J. NoE, L. A., Madison, N. J. NoLEN, John, Harvard Square, Cam- bridge, Mass. NoRTHRUP, G. A., 104 Montgomery St., Poughkeepsie, N. Y. NoxoN, F.M., 624 Broadway, Lorain, Ohio. Noye, Richard K., Queenstown, On- tario, Canada. Noyes, Frederick B., 1428 Peoples Gas Building, Chicago, 111. Nugent, Mrs. Florence, Cocoanut Grove, Fla. Oakes, Miss Mary, Bloomfield, N. J. Oakes, Mrs. Davis, 240 Belleville Ave., Bloomfield, N. J. Oakes, Mrs. Frank V., Bloomfield, N. J. tO'CoNNELL, A. F., Overbrook. Pa. O'Donnell, Frank, 2681 Briggs Ave., New York City. tOEHMLER, O. A. C, 1484 Chapin St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Oehrl, W. Harry, 212 E. Baltimore St., Baltimore, Md. Ogden, W. B., Esq., House Plantation, Lemon City, Fla. tOcLEBEE, Rev. J. A. B., Edmond, Okla- homa. O'Grady, T. F., 456 Stow Ave., Oak- land, Cal. Ojserkis, Sigmund, Hammonton, N. J. Oliver, Mrs. Henry, Woodland Road, Sewickley, Pa. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 163 Olmsted Brothers, Brookline, Mass. tOLSON, Olaf J., St. Paul, Minn. JO'Mara, Patrick, 35 Cort.landt St., New York City. O'Reilly, Elizabeth, 4731 Richmond St., Philadelphia, Pa. Orlady, G. B., 458 City Hall, Philadel- phia, Pa. Ormond, James B., Morris, Minn. Ormsbbe, Mrs. Malcolm H., Massa- pequa, L. I. Orndorff, Miss Lizzie, 201 W. 9th St., Russellville, Ky. Orr, Dr. a. V. B., 4th and Highland Aves., Chester, Pa. Ostler, Harry, 1127 Yale St., Salt Lake City, Utah. Otto LANDER, C. J. W., Springfield, N. J. Overley, Mrs. William D., 782 Main St., Danville, Va. OvES, H. F., 2218 N. Second St., Harris- OwENS, C. C, Lowville, N. Y. [burg. Pa. Page, Arthur, BeMdere, Cal. Page, Miss Ellen M., 321 Centre St., Williamsport, Pa. tPALMER, W. J., Main St., Buffalo, N. Y. Pancoast, Mrs. Annie P., Hancock's Bridge, N. J. Park, Byron B., 904 Clark St., Stevens Point, Wis. Park, Joseph H., Port Murry, N. J. Parker, A. M., Strafford, Pa. Parker, A. S., 709 Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. Parker. Charles F., 1205 F St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Parker, Miss Emma H., Charlestown, N. H. Parker, Robert B., 694 Parker St., Newark, N. J. Parker, Walter M., Manchester, N. H. Pascoe, Mrs. M. W., Taft, Cal. Parsons, Schuyler L., Jr., Islip, L. I., N. Y. Passavant, H. E., 6428 Overbrook Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Patrick, E. D., Marengo, 111. Patten, Fred. B., 1102 Third National Bank Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. Patten, T. M., Glasgow, Mont. Patterson, H. S., 156 Frothingham Ave., Jeannette, Pa. Patterson, John N., 86 W. Bean St., Washington, Pa. Patterson, Morris S., 443 E. Woodlawn St., Germantown, Pa. Patterson, Mrs. R. A., R. D. No. 2, Box 48, Richmond, Va. Patterson, Mrs. William Allen, River- side Drive, Redbank, N. J. Paul, A. C, 504 Ridgwood Ave., Minne- apolis, Minn. Payne, Dr. F. L, 38 Granite St., West- erly, R, L Patson, Miss Margaret L., Main St. Dennis, Mass. fPEARCE, Henry, Summit, N. J. Pearsall, a. E., Melrose, Fla. Pbarsall, Samuel, 86 Woodruff Ave., Flatbush, New York City. Pease, F. N., 1307 3d Ave., Altoona, Pa. Peck, Mrs. Arthur N., Woodmere, L. L Peck, S. H., East Aurora, N. Y. Pedrick, W. L., Ferndale, Cal. Peer, Mrs. Fred C, 10 Foster St., Lyons, N. Y. tPEiRCE, E. Allen, Waltham, Mass. Pell, Thorold W., 147 3d St., Newark, N. J. tPENNOCK, J. L., 1514 Chestnut St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Pennock, Mrs. A. L., 35 Violet Lane, Lansdowne, Pa. Pennock, Mrs. Edward, 243 Harvey St., Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. ♦Pennock, S. S., 1612 Ludlow St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Pennock, Mrs. S. S., Lansdowne Court, Lansdowne, Pa. Peon, Felipe, 160 N. 558, Merida, Yuca- tan, Mex. tPEPPER, H. H., 90 Melrose St., Provi- dence, R. I. Pepper, Mrs. J. H., 20 Oak Ave., Hemp- stead, N. Y. Perin, Mrs. Frank, 429 Lafayette Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. Perkins, Mrs. James H., E. Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, Ohio. Perrine, Mrs. F. A. C, 413 W. State St., Trenton, N. J. Perry, Charles, 4 Margin St., Westerly, R. I. Perry, Lester, 541 Waslfington Ave., Ogden, Utah. Petersen, Alfred, 423 Carroll St., St. Louis, Mo. tPETERSON, G. H., Fairlawn, N. J. Petrusch, Mrs. Carl S., E. 82d St., New York City. Phelan, Mrs. Walter, 96 Harvey St., Chatham, Ontario, Canada. Phillips, V. V., Brigham City, Utah. Pickering, A. M., 28 Prospect Place, Hempstead, L. I., N. Y. fPiERSON, Frank R., Tarrytown, N. Y. Pierson, Lincoln, P. O. Box 111, Madi- son, N. J. Pierson, Oliver S., 72 N. loth St., East Orange, N. J. 164 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL *PiERSON, P. M., Scarborough, N. Y. ♦PiERSON, Wallace R., Cromwell, Conn. PiKRET, Mrs. E. M., 1501 Topeka Ave., Topeka, Kan. PiLTON, George, 25 Beechwood Ave., Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. PiNATJLT, Z. R., 60 Sycamore St., New Bedford, Mass. PiNKERTON, Miss E. P., East Downing- town, Pa. Piper, Charles, 307 N. Graham St., Pittsburgh, Pa. PiTHAN, A. W., 833 W. 64th St., Seattle, Wash. Pitt, Mrs. N. R., 254 Cedar Road, New Rochelle, N. Y. PiTTiNGER, H., Medford, N. J. Plumb, D. S., 64 Beech St., East Orange, N. J. ♦Poehlmann, Aug. F., Morton Grove, 111. Popp, Mrs. a. Ralph, 3001 Fairfax Road, Shaker Heights, Cleveland, Ohio. Popular, Charles A., 1519 17th St., Galveston, Tex. Porter, Mrs. Harry T., 318 W. Johnson St., Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Portland Public Library, Portland, Ore. Post, George W., 4138 Washington Blvd., Chicago, 111. Post, Mrs. A. J., 1 W. 64th St., New York City. Potter, W. F., 15 Stevenson St., Port- land, N. Y. Potts, Joseph Allen, 4905 Baltimore Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Powell, Mrs. S. A., Upper Montclair, N. J. PozNiAK, Steve C, 1123 Avondale Ave., Toledo, Ohio. Pratt, Mrs. Addison, 235 W. 75th St., New York City. Pratt, Mrs. Harold J., Glen Cove, L. I., N. Y. fPRATT, Mrs. Rosalind, Stony Creek, Conn. Pratt, Percy P., 328 W. Franklin St., Jackson, Mich. Prentice, ]Mrs. S. O., 70 Gillett St., Hart- ford, Conn. Prieto, Ramon F., Princessa 34, O., Cardenas, Cuba. tPRiTCHARD, David, 57 W. 26th St., New York City. tPRiTCHARD, John, Bedford Hills, N. Y^ JPryer, Charles, New Rochelle, N. Y. PuRDY, Charles C, 8812 Frankford Ave., Holmesburg, Philadelphia, Pa. Pye, Miss Alice, 1228 S. 58th St., W. Philadelphia, Pa. tPYLE, Robert, West Grove, Pa. QuEREAU, C. H., 61 Waller Ave., White Plains, N. Y. tQuiNLAN, P. R., 417 S. Salina St., SjTa- cuse, N. Y. Rainey, Frank L., Box 96, Danville, Ky. Rainey, Joseph, Chestnut Hill, Phila- delphia, Pa. Ramrill, Mrs. Henry, Jr., 536 Franklin St., Buffalo, N. Y. Rankin, Louis P., Westerly, R. I. tR.4.SMUssEN, Andrus, New Albany, Ind. Rath, Fred, 359 Moultrie St., San Fran- cisco, Cal. Rawlings, Dr. J. W., Tacoma, Wash. Ray, G. J., 59 N. Arlington Ave., East Orange, N. J. Redman, S. C, 1st and M Sts., N. E., Washington, D. C. Reed, H. Earl, Stark Bros., Louisiana, Mo. Reed, Mrs. W. McK., 4900 5th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. Reed, Rev. E. A., Edgewood Gardens, Springfield, Mass. IReed, Rev. E A., Holyoke, Mass. Reese, Miss Ella, 1244 Monroe St., Brookland, D. C. IReeves, E. a., Cleveland, Ohio. Reilly, Michael D., 55 N. Pine Ave., Albany, N. Y. tREiNBERG, George, 35 Randolph St., Chicago, 111. ♦Reinberg, Peter, 51 Wabash Ave., Chicago, 111. Remick, Mrs. J. C, Moberly, La. tREUTER, Louis J., Westerly, R. I. Reynolds, A. G., R. D. 1, Box 58a, Harrisburg, Pa. Reynolds, C. A., 2350 34th Ave., S., Seattle, Wash. Reynolds, Mrs. John H., care Gen. Forest Hotel, Rome, Ga. tRiCE Bros., Geneva, N. Y. Rich, Mrs. A. A., Foley, Ala. Rich.\rd, E. H., 67 Greenbush, Cortlandt, N. Y. Richards, E. C, P. O. Box 1635, Tacoma, Wash. Richardson, Albert L., 2127 N. Charles St., Baltimore, Md. fRiCH.^RDSON, Hayden, Dennis, Mass. Richardson, J. N., care U. S. Fidelity and Guaranty Co., Baltimore, Md. RiED, Miss H. F. H., 222 W. 59th St., New York City. Riege, Clarence L., 618 Cedar St., Plattsville, Wis. Riegel, a. J., 594 Central Ave., Albany, N. Y. Riegel, A. J., 6 State St., Albany, N. Y. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 165 RiEGEL, Andrew E., 433 Bradford St., Albany, N. Y. Rieqel, August, 594 Central Ave., Albany, N. Y. RiEGER, Harry, 29th and Parrish Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. RiGHTER, Miss Jane, School of Horticul- ture, Ambler, Pa. Riley, Miss Effey, Room 66, Sage Col- lege, Ithaca, N. Y. Rising, Mrs. E. H., Saugerties, N. Y. Rix, Mrs. F. R., 530 W. 144th St., New York City. Roberts, C. H., Covina, Cal. Roberts, G. Theo., 121 Madison Ave., New York City. Roberts, Mrs. William Ely, 207 McKinley Ave., Lansdowne, Pa. Roberts, William T. B., Box 274, Ogontz, Pa. tRoBERTSON, Miss Martha A., 2311 Hub- bard St., Jacksonville, Fla. Robins, Mrs. Raymond, 1437 W. Ohio St., Chicago, 111. tRoBiNSON, A. E., Lexington, Mass. Robinson, Dr. Alice A., 42 Dartmouth St., Springfield, Mass. Robinson, F. W., 390 E. Grand Boule- vard, Detroit, Mich. Robinson, H. A., 977 Kensington Ave., Plainfield, N. J. Robinson, James S., P. O. Box 288, Memphis, Tenn. Robinson, Miss A. B., 5575 Aylesboro Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. Robinson, Miss Eva S., R. 2, Granville, Ohio. Robinson, Miss Lydia S. M., Paoli, Pa. Robinson, Mrs. Daniel, Bennington, Vt. Rodgers, William T., 1847 Whitehall St., Harrisburg, Pa. tRoEHRS, Julius, Rutherford, N. J. tRoELKER, Winifried, 51 Barclay St., New York City. Rogers, C. B., Box 448, Macon, Ga. Rogers, Charles B., Box 1043, Mont- gomery, Ala. Rogers, Julia A., 1513 Cayuga St., Philadelphia, Pa. tRoLAND, Thomas, Nahant, Mass. RoMAiNE, Theodore, 421 Park St., Hackensack, N. J. RoNYECz, Jennie, 3109 Hancock Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. Rood, Stanley H., 53 Willard St., Hart- ford, Conn. RooRK, J. Pancoast, 221 N. 53d St., Philadelphia, Pa. Root, John, 412 Lees Ave., Collingswood, N. J. Rosebach, Miss Miriam H. W., 1505 N. 15th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Rosen, William J., 32 Union Square, New York City. RosENBERGER, Mr8. C. L., 4008 James St., East Syracuse, N. Y. RosENBLUTH, E. M., Wallingford, Pa. RosENGARTEN, C. B., Malvern, Pa. RoTHFuss, Mrs. Emma, 458 S. 18th St., Newark, N. J. Rousseau, Thomas G., 3618 Portania St., New Orleans, La. Roy, W. Ormiston, 207 Papineau Ave., Montreal, Canada. Rugee, S. B., 117 S. William St., South Bend, Ind. Ruhle, J. W., 120 Blanch St., Houghton, Mich. Rumsey, W. F., 5 Court St., White Plains, N. Y. Russell, C. E., 1284 Euclid Ave., Cleve- land, Ohio. Rutherford, Livingston, 18 W. 25th St., New York City. Rutson, Mrs. W., 554 Field Ave., Detroit, Mich. Ryan, Horace E., L. S. Ayres & Co., Indianapolis, Ind. Ryan, John, 1688 Grand Ave., Piedmont, Cal. Ryburn, Robert L., Shelby, N. C. Ryder, Clarence H., 109 Montowese St., Branford, Conn. Saam, C. Elba, 2245 N. 8th St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Sackwood, H. B., 409 N. Front St., WheeHng, W. Va. Sacrey, Louis M., Merion, Pa. Safford, Howard A., National Soldiers' Home, Maine. Salazar, G., 4320 Kingswell Ave., Holly- wood, Cal. Salter, Charles C, 741 Ave. E, Bay- onne, N. J. Salvas, Mrs. J. C, Wynnewood, Pa. tSAMPTMAN, Martin, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. Sanborn, A. N., 5301 Boyd Ave., Oak- land, Cal. Sander, Mrs. H. S., 35 S. Raleigh Ave., Atlantic City, N. J. tSANFORD, F. A., United States Whip Co., Westfield, Maes. Sanford, Mrs. E. L., 33 W. Silver St., Westfield, Mass. Sanford, Mrs. Geo., Cedarhurst, L. I. tSARQENT, Mrs. Winthrop, Boston, Mass. Saunders, B. Fred, Georgetown, N. Y. Saunders, Geo. H., Jr., 91 W. 32d St., Bayonne, N. J. 166 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Saunders, Miss Mary Eliza, 200 War- burton Ave., Yonkera, N. Y. Sawter, Miss Amelia, Oilman, Iowa. ScARBOROiGH, Marvin H., 3435 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. ScHATFHAusEN, A. N., 304 Carroll Ave., St. Paul, Minn. Schaper, John H., Brightwaters, L. I., N. Y. ScHELL, Walter S., 1307 Market St., Harrisburg, Pa. Schenkelberger, a. F., 43 Goffe St., Quincy, Mass. ScHEViCK. Mrs. Antonia, 224 Shelton St., Bridgeport, Conn. ScHiELE, Chas. J., 441 Missouri Ave., East St. Louis, 111. SCHLAFFER, JoHN G., 725 S. 3d St., Baltimore, Md. ScHMiTT, George, R. F. D. 2, Box 1S7, Ridgewood, N. J. Schneider, Henry E., 2310 Ellis Ave., Unionport, New York City. tScHOENER, Rev. George, Brooks, Ore. JSCHOFIELD, James, 658 E. 26th St., Paterson, N. J. ScHOLEs, John F., 1213 W. Allegheny Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. ScHOLLE, Herman, 319 Sheridan Road, Winnetka, 111. ScHONEwoLF, Henry W., 188 W. Utica St., Buffalo, N. Y. Schoyer, B. Preston, 304 Union Bank Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. Schroeder, Harry O., 110 Clarke Place, Frederick, Md. Schroeder, Mrs. A., 188 Upper Moun- tain Ave,, Montclair, N. J. tScHULTHEis, Anton, College Point, N. Y. Schultheis, Henry, 612 Linden St., Scranton, Pa. Schults, E. J., 642 Greenfield Ave., Mil- waukee, Wis. tScHULTZ, E. K., Jenkintown, Pa. ScHULZ, Miss Elizabeth, 828 St. Marks Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. ScHUMM, Lorenz G., 302 C St., La Porte, Ind. Schuster, Edward W., Crookston, Minn. ScHUTT, Miss Gertrude, 1307 Market St., Harrisburg, Pa. tScHWARTz, E. H., Sharon Hill, Pa. Schwarz, B. H., care of Bing & Bing, 119 W. 40th St., New York City. Schwarzkopf, A. B., 707 Stockley Gar- dens, Norfolk, Va. Scoles, Richard J., Passaic, N. J. tScoTT, Alexander B., Sharon Hill, Pa. Scott, Arthur H., Valley Road, Oak Lane, Pa. Scott, J. Winfield, Glen St. Mary, Fla. Scott, Mrs. Charles, Jr., Overbrook, Pa. Scott, Mrs. D. H., Northport, Mich. Scott, Mrs. John E., 300 E. California St., Pasadena, Cal. Scott, Mrs. John, Hewlett, L. I., N. Y. Scott, Murray, Peapack, N. J. tScoTT, Robert B., Sharon Hill, Pa. ScREATON, Samuel, 26 Craig St., Lon- don, Ontario, Canada. Scripter, Dr. Otis, 2610 Elim Ave., Zion City, 111. Scull, M. L., care American Ice Co., Atlantic City, N. J. Sealy, Jacob, 50 Washington Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. [N. Y. Seaman, Mrs. Henry, Port Washington, Search, J. T., 5434 Baltimore Ave., W. Philadelphia, Pa. Sears, Keith, Trumansburg, N. Y. Sebastian, Frank E., 502 Hillsboro Ave., Edwardsville, 111. Sechrist, J. F., 245 Hillcrest Ave., Trenton, N. J. See, Charles H., Box 53, Baraboo, Wis. Seeley, Dr. a. C, 304 E. Cass St., Rose- burg, Ore. Sees, Albert R., 522 Rockland St., Olney, Philadelphia, Pa. Seibert, Miss Mary H., 112 Merriam St., Walla Walla, Wash. Sellers, W. F., 1408 11th Ave., Altoona, Pa. Seward, W. H., Green Hill Road, Madi- son, N. J. Shaible, F. a., 61 Locust St., Freeport, 111. Shannon, Mrs. R. F., Glenfrew, Sewick- ley, Pa. IShannon, R. F., Glenfrew Farm, Sewick- ley, Pa. Sharp, Mrs. H. L., Mt. Pleasant Farm, Newton, Conn. *Sharpe, Mrs. E. M., 80 West River St., Wilkes-Barre, Pa. Shaw, Edwin C, North Portage Path, Akron, Ohio. Shaw', H. Clay, Druggist and Pharmacist, Piedmont, W. Va. Shaw, S. S., Newton, N. J. Shawhan, John M., 644 15th Ave., May- wood, 111. Sheble, Mrs. Frank J., Roumfort Road, :Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Pa. Sheble, Mrs. J. H., Jr., Rydal, Pa. Sheldrick, Richard, F. H. Kalbfleisch Co., 31 Union Square, New York City. Shepard, W. H., Box 143, Short Hills, N.J. tSHERiDAN, W. F., 133 W. 28th St., New York City. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 167 Sherman, Philip D., 25 College Place, Oberlin, Ohio. Shew, Edw. L., Haddon Heights, N. J. Shibe, Thomas T., Tulip and Palmer Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Shirler, W. B., 712 Dayton St., Hamil- ton, Ohio. Shoch, Robert, 1220 Spring Garden St., Philadelphia, Pa. Shoemaker, B. H., 2d, 523 Church Lane, Germantown, Pa. Shoemaker, Dr. D. N., 82 Eastern Ave., Takoma Park, D. C. Shoemaker, Gertrude T., 489 Wyoming Ave., Wyoming, Pa. Shotwbll, E. D., Hackensack, N. J. Shtjler, C. a., R. R. 4, Hamilton, Ohio. *Siebrecht, H. a., 425 Fifth Ave., New York City. Siefert, John, Utica, N. Y. SiLBER, Charlotte G., 1044 Webster St., Needham, Mass. Simington, John T., 3141 Sedgwick Ave., New York City. SiMKiNS, W. H., 112 Homestead Ave., Col- lingswood, N. J. Simmons, H. B., 234 Virginia Park, Detroit, Mich. Simpson, Harry, 835 Taylor Ave., Scran- ton, Pa. Simpson, Mrs. James, Woodmere, L. I. ♦Simpson, Robert, Clifton, N. J. Sinclair, Mrs. H. R., 9 Moreland St., Worcester, Mass. ■f-SKiDELSKY, S. S., 1004 Lincoln Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa. Skinner, Charles E., South Charles- ton, W. Va. Slagle, W. C, 179 Warren Ave., Youngs- town, Ohio. Sloan, Mrs. R. S., Woodmere, L. I. Sloman, Grace Z., 78 E. Ferry Ave., Detroit, Mich. Sloughter, Elizabeth, Box 233, Tren- ton, N. J. Small, F. M., 615 Central Ave., Carl- stadt, N. J. Small, J. Henry, 15 W. 2d St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Smalley, J., 611 June St., Fall River, Mass. Smbdley, William W., 3043 Grand Ave., Minneapolis, Minn. Smith, A. C, 213 W. Main St., Plainville, Conn. Smith, Annie Foote, Lee, Mass. Smith, Carl T., Long Run, Ky. Smith, Harry F., Jeannette, Pa. 1"Smith, Jambs B., Burlingame, Cal. Smith, J. Russel, 319 Cedar Lane, Swarthmore, Pa. Smith, J. Sombrs, 1233 Spruce St., Phila- delphia, Pa. Smith, Kent H., 11333 Bellflower Road, Cleveland, Ohio. Smith, Miss E. C, 2007 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. Smith, Orison B., 638 West End Ave., New York City. Smith, William, 363 First Ave., Phoenix- ville, Pa. Smock, John C, Hudson, N. Y. Smyth, James M., 2406 W. 10th St., Wil- mington, Del. Snyder, Dr. F. D., Ashtabula, Ohio. Snyder, E. G., N. Grand St., Waynes- boro, Pa. Sohm, Albert, 19 Brewster St., Tomp- kinsville, N. Y. Sommer, T., Box 143, Oyster Bay, N. Y. Spaeter, Mrs. Philip, 2031 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, Pa. Spangler, D. E., Ills Second St., S. W., Roanoke, Va. Spencer, L. F., 131 Lafayette Ave., Passaic, N. J. Sperber, Henry, 2127 Denison Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. Spilman, Mrs. B. D., Elway Hall, War- renton, Va. Sprance, W. C, Jr., 2507 W. 17th St., Wilmington, Del. Springton, John T.,3141 Sedgwick Ave., New York City. tSquiRE, Alfred L., White Plains, N. Y. Sraff, Charles F., 4023 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. Stabler, H. E., 36 Brandon Place, Wil- liamsport. Pa. Statnkkn, a. H., 5 Davis Ave., East Orange, N. J. Staiti, Mrs. H. T., 421 Westmoreland Ave., Houston, Tex. Staley, Arthur, Fullerton, Cal. Standish, John van Ness, Galesburg, 111. Stang, Mrs. Clarence, 744 N. 63d St., Philadelphia, Pa. Staples, Harold J., 15 Crescent St., Biddeford, Maine. Stapleton, Mrs. K., 128 Spring St., Trenton, N. J. tSTARK Bros., Louisiana, Mo. Stark, John Lloyd, Louisiana, Mo. Starkky, D. J., 22 Magnolia St., Hart- ford, Conn. Starkweather, C. H., Jr., Box 8, Waverly, Mass. Starkweather, L. H,, 112 West Adams St., Chicago, 111. Steele, Dr. Guy, 1 Church St., Cam- bridge, Md. 168 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Stein, William F., 101 Dorset Road, Syracuae, N. Y, tSxEiNHOFF, H. C, West Hoboken, N. J. Stephen, A. L., 703 Chestnut St., Waban, Mass. Stephens, C. W., 156 2d St., New Brigh- ton, S. I. tSTEPHENSON, ROBERT S., 2 W. 42d St., New York City. tSTEPHENsoN's SoN, JoHN, Oak Lane, Philadelphia, Pa. Sterrett, a. H., 720 W. Upsal St., Germantown, Pa. tSTBVENS, Arthur F., Ramapo, N. Y. Stevens, Ernest C, 773 7th St., Buffalo, N. Y. Stevens, L. C, P. O. Box 413, New Bruns- wick, N. J. Stevens, Walter, 57 S. Maple Ave., East Orange, N. J. Stevenson, Amelia M., 105 S. Balch St., Akron, Ohio. Stewart, B. B., 13 Lincoln St., East Orange, N. J. Stewart, Howard E., 2814 Clifton Ave., Baltimore, Md. [Mass. tSTEWART, W. J., 147 Summer St., Boston, Stirling, Miss Jenny G., 1607 Rodney St., Wilmington, 111. Stites, Thomas H. A., Hamburg State Sanatorium, Hamburg, Pa. St. John, Mrs. L. E., Orange City, Fla. tSTOCKTON & Howe, Princeton, N. J. Stoddard, Miss Yvonne, 197 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. *Stoeckel, Carl, Norfolk, Conn. ♦Stoeckel, Mrs. C, Norfolk, Conn. Stone, George H., Lock Box 114, Youngstown, Ohio. Stone, Miss Ellen J., Ridgefield, Conn. Stonelake, C. a., 144 N. 9th St., Newark, N. J. tSTORRS & Harrison Co., The (E. B. George), Painesville, Ohio. [City. ♦Stow, W. L., 36 Wall St.. New York Straub, Mrs. E., Bayshore Terrace, East Elmhurst, L. I., N. Y. Strawbridge, Miss Anne W., The Wild- erness, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. tSTRAWBRiDGE, Mrs. George, The Wilder- ness, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Strater, Mrs. H. H., R. 3, Box 61, Mid- dletown, Pa. Strohecker, S. M., M. D., Kenton Bank Bldg., Derby and Kilpatrick Sts., Port- land, Ore. Strohm, Adam, Public Library, Detroit, Mich. Stryker, S. D., Oradill, N. J. Stuart, Mrs. Charles W., 142 David St., S. Amboy, N. J. Stumpp, G. E. M., 761 5th Ave., New York City. Stumpp, Robert E., care of The Perry, Amherst, Mass. Stuppy, Frank X., St. Joseph, Mo. Sturle, Louis, 3951 Floral Ave., Cin- cinnati, Ohio. Sturtevant, R. S., Wellesley Farms, Mass. SuLLiGER, Rev. Spencer S., 2902 N. 21st St., Tacoma, Wash. Sunderland, Mrs. C, 94 W. Passaic Ave., Rutherford, N. J. Suplee, Mrs. Charles J., 2304 Hamilton St., Philadelphia, Pa. SuPNER, Charles A., Cromwell, Conn. Sussex, Mrs. Matbelle, 129 N. Bur- lington Ave., Los Angeles, Cal. Sutherland, Miss A. A., Ogontz School, Ogontz, Pa. Sutton, William H., West Side Ave., Jersey City, N. J. Swan, Mrs. H. M., 157 Blvd. Passaic, N. J. SwENSAN. P. M., 2526 Polk St., N. E., Minneapolis, Minn. Sykes, Abi Caroline, Plainfield. N. J. Sylvia, Miss Edna M., Dennysville, Me. Symons, J. H., L. D. S., Waterloo East, Quebec, Canada. Tall, S. Brouqhton, 3205 Elgin Ave., Baltimore, Md. Tayler, Frank B., care Hotel Lubin, San Diego, Cal. Taylor, Duncan W., 455 W. 7th St., Plainfield, N. J. Taylor, H. Wells, Spring City, Pa. Taylor, J. Sherman, Attorney at Law, Cambridge, Ohio. Taylor, Mrs. J. G., Gainesville, Fla. Temple, J. B., 12 Elmwood Ave., North Adams, Mass. Terrell, R. A., 508 Title Guarantee Bldg., Birmingham, Ala, Thackara, R. C, Birmingham, Cal. Thatcher, George, 112 Farm St., Ithaca, N. Y. Thayer, C. L., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y. Thayer, Edward F., Attlebury, Mass. Thayer, S. Willard, Pawtucket, R. I. Thilow, J. Otto, Palmyra, N. J. Thomas, C. H., 828 Linwood Ave., Col- lingswood, N. J. Thomas, Edward B., 83 Remsen St., Brooklyn, N. Y. tTnoMAS, Geo. C, Jr., Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. Thomas, Miss Anne, 312 Washington St., Frankfort, Ky. Thomas, Mrs. Upton B., Troy, Ohio. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 169 Thompson, F. M., 54 S. Broadway, White Plains, N. Y. Thompson. Miss S. R., Campello, Mass. Thompson, Mrs. F., Bellows Falls, Vt. Thompson, Mrs. Frederick, "Sonnen- berg," Canandaigua, N. Y. Thompson, Russell I., Carlisle, Pa. Thomson, H. C, 20 W. Fountain Ave., Delaware, Ohio. Thomson, Miss Anne, Brookmead Farm, Devon, Pa. Thorburn, C. J., 616 Hatch Ave., Wood- haven, L. I., N. Y. ♦Thorley, C, 1173 Broadway, New York City. tTHORNE, Jonathan, 43 Cedar St., New York City. Thorne, Joseph A., 255 S. 6th St., Lebanon, Pa. Thrcock, Miss G. A., The Clinton, 10th and Clinton Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. Tobey, W. L., Hamilton, Ohio. Todd, George T., Room 27, Federal Bldg., Albany, N. Y. Todd, J. P., Colman Dock, Seattle, Wash. Tompkins, J. D., Valatie, N. Y. Toop, Rev. George H., 332 S. 21st St., Philadelphia, Pa. ToTTY, Charles H., Madison, N. J. fTowiLL, Edward, Roslyn, Pa. tTowiLL, Fred, Roslyn, Pa. TowNSEND, A. LiSTON, 2006 N. 11th St., Philadelphia, Pa. TowNSEND, F., Ridgedale Ave., Madi- son, N. J. Tracy, Edwin A., 33 Spalding St., Nor- wich, Conn. Tracy, W. A., South Coventry, Conn. Tracy, William G., 776 James St., Syra- cuse, N. Y. tTRAENDLY, F. H., 436 Sixth Ave., New York City. Trenary, Mrs. R. M., 3222 Ridge Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Troy, John H., New Rochelle, N. Y. Trutna, Thomas J., Silver Lake, Minn. Tucker, Alfred, 376 N. 32d St., Port- land, Ore. Tyndall, David, 104 Main St., Brockton, Mass. Tysen, Annie Bell, 1844 Pearl St., Jack- sonville, Fla. Tyson, Mrs. Russell, 20 E. Goethe St., Chicago, 111. Tyson, Robert J., 9 Sea View Ave., Piedmont, Cal. Ulrich. Al. G., 3966 Arsenal St., St. Louis, Mo. Underdown, a. R., 141 Mansion Ave., Haddonfield, N. J. tUpTON, Clarence, Germantown, Phila- delphia, Pa. Utter, Miss Adelaide, Monaskon, Va. fVALENTiNE, J. A., Park Floral Co., Denver, Col. Van Asdlen, Wilson B., 4603 Woodland Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. tVAN BocHOVE, J. Pi,., Kalamazoo, Mich. Vance, W. H., 1804 Tatnall St., Wilming- ton, Del. Van Decar, Nathan, R. D. 3, E. Syra- cuse, N. Y. Vanderbeek, a. B., 174 Broadway, Paterson, N. J. Van Name, L. C. 47 Parlmer Ave., Port Richmond, N. Y. Van Nostrand, Howard F., Little Neck, L. L, N. Y. Van Syckel, Miss Bessie, 126 Green- wood Ave., Trenton, N. J. Van Vleck, Miss F., Lidgemood, Speed- nell, Morristown, N. J. Van Winkle, Miss M. D., Litchfield, Conn. Van Winkle, William M., Rye, N. Y. *Vaughan, J. C, 33 W. Randolph St., Chicago, 111. tVAUGHAN, L. H., 33 Randolph St., Chi- cago, 111. Velie, Fred A., P. O. Box 160, Marl- borough, N. Y. Venezie, Pasquale, H. H. Rogers Estate, Tuxedo Park, N. Y. Verhalen, George F.,Scottsville, Tex. Vernier, Wm., R. D. 2, Auburn, N. Y. Vert, William, Castlegould, Port Wash- ington, N. Y. tVESEY, W. J., Jr., Fort Wayne, Ind. Viel, H., 77 Greenedge Ave,, White Plains, N. Y. tViNCENT, Richard, White Marsh, Md. VoDRA, Victor V., 1438 E. 58th St., Los Angeles, Cal. VoGEL, Fritz, Box 82, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Vogt, Mrs. Ella, 4528 N. Camac St., Philadelphia, Pa. Von Brecht, Frank, Forest Ridge, St. Louis, Mo. Waddell, Montgomery, 30 Church St., New York City. Wade, William M. S., 31 St. Paul St., Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada. Wadzinski, M., Chicago, 111. Wagner, Charles W., 218 Fern Ave., Lyndhurst, N. J. tWAGNER, James, Chatham, N. J. Wakelin, Miss G. V., Quinton, N. J. Walker, Edwin, Ashby, Mass. Walker, James, Crystal City, Mo. 170 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Walker, John, North Diamond Sta., Pittsburgh, Pa. Walker, Miss C. N., Waterford, Va. Wallace, Miss Nellie B., 46 N. 40th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Wallace, William P., Jr., 6159 Webster St., W. Philadelphia, Pa. tWALLER, Elwyx, Morristown, N. J. tWALSH, John F., Woods Hole, Mass. JWalsh, M. H., Woods Hole, Mass. Walton, E. G., 314 Nicollet Ave., Minne- apolis, Minn. fWARD, Aaron, Roslyn, L. I., N. Y. *Ward, C. W., Queens, L. I., N. Y, Ward, Miss Laura P., 41 Park Place, Bloomfield, N. J. Ward, INIrs. Aaron, Roslyn, L. I., N, Y. Warne, T. a., Edgely, Pa. Warner, C. H., Ill Warburton Ave., Yonkers, N. Y. Warner, Mrs. Walter, 1211 Stratford Ave., Oak Lane, Philadelphia, Pa. Warner, William R., Jr., Duffryn Mawr, Pa. *Washburn, Chas. L., Hinsdale, 111. tWASHBURN, E. B., Pasadena, Cal. Waters, S. E., 315 S. Second St., Miamis- burg, Ohio. Watkins, F. W., 180 W. Cambridge St., Alliance, Ohio. Watrous, Richard B., 914 Union Trust Bldg., Washington, D. C. Watson, Arthur, 78 Main St., North- ampton, Mass. tWATSON, George C, Dobson Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa. tWATSON, John. Newark, N. Y. Watson, Mrs. G. K., Mercedes, Tex. Watson, Mrs. H. F., 356 W. 6th St., Erie, Pa. Watson, Mrs. John, Newark, N. Y. Weak, C. H., 6823 Milton St., Mt. .\iry, Philadelphia, Pa. Weaver, Courtney M., 208 Centre Ave., New Rochelle, N. Y. Weaver, Dr. H. D., 3216 20th St., E., Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Weaver, Fred C, New Lebanon Center, N. Y, Webb, Dr W. S., Warwood, WheeUng, W. Va. Webb, Mrs. James A., 251 Woodland Road, Madison, N. J. Webber, Samuel S., Charlestown, N. H. Weber, A. R., Ponchartrain Grove, La. Weber, Harry R., 4238 Kirby Road, Cincinnati, Ohio. Weeks, D. M. F., Skaneateles, N. Y. Weeks, Dr. S. M., 1429 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pa. Weiderhold, William D., 716 Leland St., Detroit, Mich. tWEiLAND & Risch, 154 N. Wabash Ave., Chicago, 111. Weis, Mrs. R., 1239 New York Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Weiss & Meyer Co., Maywood, 111. *Welch, Patrick, 226 Devonshire St., Boston, Mass. Welch, Richard A., Suite 4, Law Bldg,, Keyser, W. Va. Welch, William H., Demopolis, Ala. Weld, Mrs. Samuel M., N. Chatham, Mass. Wellington, Mrs. Lena R., 290 High- land Ave., Winchester, Mass. Welsh, Edward C, 1422 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pa. Wenham, R. p., Painesville, Ohio. Wentz, Walton M., Narberth, Pa. Wernicke, Mrs. O. H. L.. 830 Bates St., S. E., Grand Rapids, Mich. West, Miss Alice, 6638 N. Sth St., Oak Lane, Philadelphia, Pa. Wetherill, Rich., 14th and Potter Sta., Chester, Pa. fWETMORE, Mrs. Charles W., 2343 S Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. Wetteran, W. N., Box 249, Pough- keepsie, N. Y. Wetzel, G. G., 119 Arlington PI., Jersey City, N. J. [son, N. J. Weyers, M. B., 20 Madison Ave., Madi- Wheattey, a. W., care Lima Locomotive Works, Lima, Ohio. IWheeler, Alan R., Beach Road, New- port, R. I. Wheeler, Alson, Morris\'ille, N. Y. Wheeler, E. P., Rockland, Mass. Wheeler, Mrs. M. H., 257 Riverside Drive, Indianapolis, Ind. Y\/'niDDEN, A. J., P. O. Box 146, Bothell, Wash. Whitaeer, Mrs. Lemuel, 6315 N. Camac St., Philadelphia, Pa. White, Alain C, Litchfield, Conn. White, C. M., R. F. D. 1, Yuma, Ariz. White, George F., Lansdowne, Pa. White, E. G., 8005 Ashworth Ave., Seattle, Wash. White, Miss G. M., Andover, Conn. White, Mrs. M. A., 150 Madison Ave., Morristown, N. J. White, Mrs. F. M., 206 Upas St., San Diego, Cal. White, Mrs. William Townsend, 455 W. State St., Trenton, N. J. tWniTE, Prof. E. A., Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. Whitford, Samuel, 350 Wisconsin Ave., Long Beach, Cal. MEMBERS AMERICAN ROSE SOCIETY 171 Whitmore, C. E., The City Club, 55 W. 44th St., New York City. Whitney, Vida B., 825 W. 4th St., Plain- field, N. J. Whittingham, Miss Alice B., "Box- wood," Milburn, N. J. Whittingham, Miss Martha C, "Box- wood," Milburn, N. J. tWiCKE, Miss Louise, 34 E. 68th St., New York City. WicKENS, W. B., P. O. Box 764, San Diego, Cal. WicKERSHAM, Thomas, 113 3d St., Aspin- wall, Iowa. WicKES, W. W., 620 Moffet Bldg., Detroit, Mich. Wild, Mrs. Frank G., 291 Clinton Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. WiLKiNS, Mrs. A. H., 230 N. Rosemont Ave., Dallas, Tex. Wilkinson, E. H., 136 Mill St., Spring- field, Mass. Wilkinson, Harry H., 11th St., Oak Lane, Philadelphia, Pa. Wilkinson, Miss L. P., 11th St., Oak Lane, Philadelphia, Pa. Wilkinson, Mrs. Horace, Box 57, Port Allen, La. Williams, George, New Britain, Pa. Williams, H. W., 24 Thomas St., New York City. Williams, James W., 44 S. High St., New Britain, Conn. Williams, John, Haverford, Pa. Williams, Miss Helen E., Morton St., Porterville, Cal. Williams, Mrs. A. P., Bellows Falls, Vt. Williams, Mrs. David E., Bala, Pa. Williams, Mrs. Thos., Lawrence, R. I. Williamson, G. M., Nyack, N. Y. Williamson, Mrs. W. V., 125 W. High- land Ave., Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. WiLLiNGHAM, E. G., Aripeka, Fla. WiLLiTS, Mrs. F. E., Glen Cove, N. Y. Willis, W. P., 156 5th Ave., New York City. Wills, John B., 8 Wolcott Terrace, Win- chester, Mass. WiLMOT, E. T., 62 Ridgmont St., Allston, Mass. Wilson, Alice E., 628 Halsey St., Port- land, Ore. Wilson, James A., Lake Forest, 111. Wilson, J. Lockie, Parliament Bldg., Toronto, Canada. Wilson, Lucius E., East Dorset, Vt. Wilson, Mrs. Dale, 327 Pine St., Williamsport, Pa. Wilson, Mrs. Paul E., Rokely, Wil- mington, Del. Wilson, R. L., 334 S. 2d Ave., Mt. Vernon, N. Y. Windsor, Robert P., 36 Prospect St., Auburn, R. I. Windwin, John T., 1501 Commonwealth Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa. Wing, Asa S., 223 E. Central Ave., Moorestown, N. J. Winnett, Henry, Queens Hotel, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Winterknight, H. a., 1828 N. 11th St., Philadelphia, Pa. fWiRTH, Theodore, Minneapolis, Minn. Wiseman, Mrs. J. M., Batavia, Ohio. Wister, J. C, Wister St. and Clarkson Ave., Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. *Witterstaetter, R., Price Hill Station, Cincinnati, Ohio. Wittkamp, H. a., Jr., Strathmere, N. J. Wood, A. A., CoUbran, Col. Wood, Clarence, Box 315, Danville, Ky. Wood, Colburn C, Bay View Ave., Plymouth, Mass. Wood, E. H., Clark St. at Madison, Chi- cago, 111. Wood, Miss M. B., Conshohocken, Pa. Woodbury, C. G., La Fayette, Ind. WooDELL, Mrs. William E., lOOS Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. Woodruff, Robert J., 42 Church St., New Haven, Conn. Woods, Mrs. Edward, Woodlawn Road, Sewickley, Pa. Woodwell, Mrs. W. R., 1008 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. WooKEY, Alonzo, 414 Main St., Peoria, 111. WooLSON, Mrs. Charles A., Mapledell Farms, Springfield, Vt. Worcester County Horticultural Society, 344 Main St., Worcester, Mass. Worrell, Hibberd B., 555 N. 17th St., Philadelphia, Pa. Worthley, Irving Tupper, 5338 Angora Terrace, Philadelphia, Pa. Wray, Angie W., 98 Suydam St., New Brunswick, N. J. fWRAY, Delos H., Rochester, N. Y. Wray, Mrs. Walter, Box 96, Tustin, Cal. tWRiGHT, M. C, Franklin Bank Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa. Wright, Mrs. Eva E., 162 Highland St.. Brockton, Mass. Wright, Mrs. S. H., 5 Asbury Terrace, Oak Lane, Pa. Wright, Mrs. William, Moylan, Rose Valley, Pa. Wright, Z. F., Newberry, S. C WuNSCH, Edward F., 417 W. Boston Bldg., Detroit, Mich. 172 THE AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL Yepsex, George W., Kew Gardens, L. I., N. Y. YoE, C. P., 1904 Crane Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. Young, C. Edwin, 14 Chestnut St., Newark, N, J. Young, George E., Johnstown, Pa. Young, Herbert E., 343 Waverly St., Belmont, Mass. tYouNG, John, 53 W. 28th St., New York. Young, John C, 153 Sumac St., Wissa- hickon, Philadelphia, Pa. tYouNG, John Welch, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. YouNGSON, Mrs. E. Meadville, Pa. A., 689 Alden St. Zabriskie, Mrs. A. C, Barrytown, N. Y. Zeidler, William H., 670 Prospect Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. ZiEGER, Ernest J. F., 1120 E. Wash- ington Lane, Philadelphia, Pa. ZiBELL, J. A., Tappan, N. Y. Zimmerman, Mrs. Ella F., 1811 Wasg- tenan Ave., Ann Arbor, Mich. Zimmerman, R. E., 401 Yosemite Ave., Fresno, Cal. INDEX Admiral Ward, article by, 31. Alida Lovett rose, 39. Amateur Rose Show, classification for, 58; to conduct, 57. American Rose Annual, comment on, 9. American Roses, New 1917, 36. American Rose Society, Progress of, 9. American Rose Society, Seventeenth Annual Meeting, 120. Ammoniacal copper carbonate, 96. Anderson, W. W., article by, 66. Arnold Arboretum, Roses in, 84. Awards at Annual Exhibition, 140. Bailey, L. H., article by, 16; quoted, 3. Baker, M. N., article by, 18. Barry, William C, appreciation, 115. Basis of Merit in Roses, 43. Beadle, C. D., article by, 51. Beal, Dr. A. C, article by, 79. Bedding qualities Hybrid Tea roses, 34. Best forty-eight garden roses, 22. Black-spot, 97. Black-spot of Roses, contributions toward, 141; study of, 141. Bloom Records at Egandale, 33. Book of Roses, The (Parkman), 18. Books on roses, mentioned, 117. Boyd, James, letter from, 57. Burgoyne, W. B., article by, 89. Chaucer quoted, 68. Cherokee rose hybrids, 41. Chico Plant Garden, 41. Classification for Amateur Shows, 58. Cook's (John) unnamed seedling, 37. Cornell meeting, 137. Cornell Rose Test-Garden, 79. Crown disease of roses, 93. Crown- or root-gall, 100. Currey, Jesse A., article by, 43, 58. Cut-Flower Rose-Growing, 107, 109; in Canada, 112. Cut-Rose Production, 107. Dawson, Jackson, memorial, 114. Diseases of Roses, Study of, 10. Dreer rose-garden, resolution con- cerning, 130. Dunlop, John H., article by, 112. Egan, W. C, article by, 33. Egandale, Bloom Records, 33. Enemies of the Rose, 92. Entomologist and His Rose-Garden, 101. Executive Committee, meetings of, 138. Fish-oil soap, 105. Flower Show, National, reference to, 11. Formulee, 96, 105. Garden Clubs and the Rose, 64. Good, John M., article by, 53. Grading cut roses, discussed, 128. Greetings from Abroad, 106. Hammond, Benjamin, portrait, Plate II; Secretary's report, 135. Hartford Rose-Garden; its message, 62; report on, 145. Hill, Sarah A., article by, 35. Hill's (E. G.) Forthcoming Roses, 35. Hoopes' No. 48 rose, 40; plate facing 48. Hopkins, A. D., article by, 101. Huey, Robert, address by, 131; article by, 47. Hybridizing, Dr. Van Fleet on, 41. Importations of roses, 55. In Memoriam, 114. In My Rose-Garden, 71. Judging outdoor roses, discussed, 128. Kerosene emulsion, 105. King, Mrs. Francis, article by, 64. Landscape, Use of Roses in, 12. Lead arsenate, 105. Lime sulphur, 105. Literature of the Rose, 16; in Arnold Arboretum, 88. Los Angeles rose, 38. Main Line Flower Show, 57. Massey, L. M., article by, 92; refer- ence to, 10. Mawley, Edward, memorial, 116. May, H. O., Treasurer's report, 136. McFarland, J. Horace, article by, 84. Medals and Certificates, 144. Medals Awarded During 1916, 145. Meeting, Eighteenth Annual, 145. Mildew, powdery, 95. Miller, Wilhelm, article by, 12. Mills, Rev. E. M., D.D., article by, 71. (173) 174 INDEX Minneapolis Rose-Garden, 69. Mrs. Henry Winnett rose, 39. Mulford, F. L., article by, 74. National Rose Society, 106. National Rose Test-Garden, 74. Native roses, use of, 88. New American Roses of 1917, 36. New Introductions, 29, 31, 36. Nicotine sulphate, 105. Oldest Rose-Garden, 20. Ontario Horticultural Association, mentioned, 89. Ontario Rose Society, mentioned, 113. Outdoor Rose-growing, Practical Book of (Thomas), 19. Parker, G. A., article by, 62. Parkman, Francis, on Roses, 18. Pennock, S. S., article by, 9. Pennock, S. S., President's address, 132. Pierson, W. R., article by, 109. Poetry about roses, 68. Portland National Rose Test-Garden, 82. Propagation by budding, 47; by trenching, 51. Recent Garden Roses, Selections from, 31. Registration of new roses, 142; rules for, 143. Regulations and Scale of Points for Judging, 143. Renaming roses, condemned, 128. Rosa, Banksise, 41; blanda, 13; Caro- lina, 13; Fargesii, 43; gallica, 42; Hugonis, 42; humilis, 88; Les- chenaultii, 42; Moyesii, 42, 43; multiflora, 13, 17, 41; nitida, 13; palustris, 13; Pissardii, 42; pomif- era, 42; rugosa, 13, 41, 42, 43; ser- rata, 42; setigera, 13; setipoda, 42; Rosa, continued Soulieana, 42; virginiana, 13, 88; Wichuraiana, 14, 42, 43; xanthina, 41. Rosa polyantha, syn. multiflora, 17. Rose Advance, The American, 21. Rose All over America, The, 62. Rose Diseases, 92. Rose Firing-Line, On the, 41. Rose-Garden, Message of a Great, 62. Rose-growing in a Northern Latitude, 89. Rose-Growing, Methods of, 47. Rose Importations, 55. Rose Show, Amateur, 57; at St. Catharines, 90. Roses introduced in America, 117. Roses, Wild, every American should know, 13. Roses Worth While for Everybody, 21. Rose Test-Gardens, at Arlington, 74; Cornell, 79; Hartford. 62; Minne- apolis, 69; Portland, 82. Rose Test-Gardens, committees gov- erning, 144. Sargent, Prof. C. S., mentioned, 84. Scoring seedling roses, 43. Societies, affiliated, 145. Springfield Roses, 53. Staging roses at shows, 59. Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, Rose in, 16. St. Catharines rose show, 89. Texas Rose-Garden, 66. Thorne, Samuel, memorial, 115. Trenching Method of Propagation, 51. Van Fleet, W., article by, 41. Ward, Admiral, address by, 129. Washington meeting, 136. Wilson, E. H., mentioned, 87. Wirth, Theodore, article by, 69. Advertisements SECOND EDITION The Editor is glad to call attention to the following pages as contain- ing information most desirable for progressive rose growers. AS A PART OF THE DAY'S WORK and without extra effort by any department, ^^The American Rose Annual" was made by this organization. DE LUXE editions for private circulation, booklets, catalogues, technical work of several volumes — none of these tax our facilities for producing printing of distinct character. Particularly are we interested in the problems of rose nurserymen; to them we offer an unusual service, which includes all items of a successful selling effort — magazine and newspaper advertising, catalogues, booklets, folders. We had on the day this page was written, 2,602 original rose photographs. Our service is at your service. Write for particulars or a personal interview. J. Horace McFarland Company Illustrators and Printers The McFarland Publicity Service Horticultural Advertising HARRISBURG • PENNSYLVANIA (i) u How to Grow Roses By ROBERT PYLE A Book of 1 2 1 pages — 16 in natural colors — Library Edi ROSE WISDOM IN A NUTSHELL ition ^^ \ ^m "All the necessary instructions that will he of value to ^r the amateur are presented in clear, simple and concise ^V form: where, when and how to plant; fertilizers and ^v insecticides; planting, pruning, mulching and winter pro- Br duction with important lists of the best roses for every jj imaginable place and purpose. The Calendar of Opera- tions is excellent. Sixteen leading roses are illustrated in natural colors." — Bulletin of Foreign Agricultural Intelligence^ Published by the Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada. Pleasant Words from Those Who Know "The hook is a very thorough round-up of what the amateur wants to know about rose- growing." — Editor Barron of the Garden Magazine. "I received the copy of 'How to Grow Roses' which I am so glad to possess. It will be a great help to me in the care of my roses." — Mrs. Eugene At- kinson. Summit^ Mass. "The book, 'How to Grow Roses' came to hand all right. It is surely just what is wanted by all who grow roses." — Thomas E. Burroughs, Deep River, Conn. "With this book, a novice can make a good and safe selection and succeed in growing fine roses." — Horace G. Welty, Pro- prietor Euclid-Windmere Nur- series, East Cleveland, Ohio. Send for Book Today "How to Grow Roses" surely de- serves a place of honor in your working library. Send us |i and we'll send this beautiful book postpaid, also coupon redeem- able at $1 on the first I5 order for plants. Your copy is ready and you need it now. Send for it today. ^^m THE ^NARD • ROSES ^^ & Jones Co., Box X, Wesl Grove, Pa. ROBERT PYLE, President A. WINTZER, Vice-President Rose Specialists — Backed by 50 Years* Experience (ii) A garden can hardly be considered complete unless it has plantings of FARR'S ROSES AND PEONIES Two flowers that are inseparable in the garden beautiful The i^iy-igiS Edition of Farrs Hardy Plant Spe- cialties is a comprehen- sive treatise on hardy plants in general, and is a worthy addition to any garden-lover's library. I will gladly send you a copy on request. BERTRAND H. FARR WYOMISSING NURSERIES CO. 126 GARFIELD AVENUE. WYOMISSING, PENNA. (Hi) And Now Find Out About U-Bar Greenhouses NO other greenhouse is built like the U-Bar. Its construction is distinctly different. The difference means more and better flowers, fruits, or vegetables. The catalog tells why. Send for it. Or send for us. Or both. U-BAR GREENHOUSES Sf/fc^ PIERSON U-BAR CO -^^^'^ ONE MADISON AVE„ NLWYORK (iv) -li II «M II I II New American Hybrid Tea Rose "LOS ANGELES" With fragrance equal to Marechal Niel, beautiful long-stemmed flowers, luminous flame-pink, toned with coral, shaded translucent gold at base of petals, and plant of vigorous growth, free-bloom- ing over a long season, the "Los Angeles" must take its place as one of the best Roses ever introduced. Price of strorg two- 3-ear-oId plants, $2 each. This grand new Rose is shown in colors and fully described in Dreer's Garden Book for 1917 which also ofl"ers hundreds of other varieties of Roses, Hardy Perennials, Garden and Greenhouse Plants, Bedding Plants, Hardy Shrubs and Climbers, Choice Flower and Vegetable Seeds, Lawn Grass Seeds, etc. A copy will be mailed free on receipt of application HENRY A. DREER, ''^ik\^^l^vni^?r (^) Mildew on Roses and on Grapes and Gooseberries IT was in the summer of the year 1886 — 30 years ago — there was a vineyard in the Town of Fishkill that was sorely troubled with Mildew; and after a little practical experimenting, the powder "GRAPE DUS'I " was found to be quite successful in controlling the Grape Mildew. Immediately following this, the Mildew on Roses, both indoors and out-of-doors, was attacked by using the GRAPE DUST with a Bellows on outdoor Garden Roses. Its faithful use in this simple manner was very successful in preserving the foliage of the Rose bushes. A Florist of repute tried it against other remedies on the Roses planted for an early crop of Commercial Flowers. The result was appreciation of the article which was called HAMMOND'S GRAPE DUST It is used from Long Island to California. It is simply dusted on the Plants Our goods sold by the Seedsmen of America * "»Aot • rAPk'***' Black Spot on the Leaves of Roses This disease is one that seems to be well nigh universal wherever Roses are grown, although some varieties are more tender or less able to resist its inroad than some others. In our experience, on the banks of the Hudson and elsewhere, it develops , , more perceptibly during a spell of warm, humid weather, and this weather con- dition will quickly spread a few spots over half a leaf. The leaves first show a small black spot, which grows, and grows fast in a day or two of humid weather; and sometimes the leaves of a bush will drop off so as to be perceptible. A Moss Rose will sometimes seem to be struck with this trouble when a more common kind ^_^ ^ will show less. This Black Spot, which is called "Actinonema Rosae," grows in the tissue of the leaves, and where Roses are grown, whether outdoors or in large or small greenhouses, this trouble is apt to occur. In treating Roses for Black Spot, the remedy, to be be effectual, needs to be used early. For years it has been demonstrated that HAMMOND'S COPPER SOLUTION IS A RELIABLE PREVENTIVE REMEDY. After the leaves have started, syringe or spray the bushes with the diluted solution. And this care may need to be taken two or three times during the season. And in a greenhouse, as a preventive measure, spray the soil in which the Roses grow. The Rose Rust is a trouble which affects hardy Roses more than some of the more tender varieties, and the very use of the COPPER SOLUTION as a preventive remedy for Black Spot has the effect of checking the Rose Rust. Hammond's Paint & Slug Shot Works, Beacon, New York :vi) Consult STUMPP BEFORE YOU PLAN YOUR ROSE GARDEN We offer a better and more efficient Landscape Service — Practical and Artistic TERRA COTTA GARDEN FURNITURE WOODEN GARDEN FURNITURE G. E. M. STUMPP 761 Fifth Ave., New York Citv Established 1881 NEW YORK'S FAVORITE FLOWER SHOP (vii) CALIFORNIA FIELD-GROWN ROSES Grown under the most favorable conditions to be found for the development of thrifty, vigorous, hardy, heavy-rooted Rose Plants. ROEDING'S ROSE BOOK By GEO, C, ROEDING Cover in color. Splendidly illustrated. Concise instructions for growing roses. Full descriptions of over 200 varieties, including the best in new introductions and well-known varieties. Mailed Free. FANCHER CREEK NURSERIES President and Manager FRESNO, CALIFORNIA Grown in the South for Rose -Lovers Everywhere THESE eight words tell the story of Glen Saint Mary Roses. Some people think that a southern Rose will not do well in the North. This is a mistake, for Glen Saint Mary Roses are of such high quality and are grown with such good care that they are perfectly at home wherever Roses will grow. Our new catalogue tells about Glen Saint Mary Superior Southern-grown Roses, in addition to many other ornamentals that are at home anywhere in the country. Shall we send you a copy? Glen Saint Mary Nurseries Co. GLEN SAINT MARY FLORIDA (viii) PETERSON ROSES possess the individuality and character that go with superiority, and today they are acknowledged the standard of the world. They're the result of over twenty years of enthusiastic and — yes, loving effort. They're born and reared (from 2 to 3 years) out-of-doors — have never even seen a greenhouse. That's one of the reasons why they produce such marvelous results. A Little Book Atout Roses (A CATALOG AND MORE) a gem of the printer's art, also possess- ing the stamp of character and individu- ality, tells you the whole story. It's mailed on request. GEORGE H. PETERSON CCoge anb Peonp Specialist FAIR LAWN Box 51 NEW JERSEY Bobbink ^ Atkins AMERICAN -GROWN ROSES For American Climates Our plants are home-grown, right here in our 300-acre nurseries. The varieties cover every field of planting. The most skilled experts are employed in budding and maturing. This assures vigor, freshness, and hardiness in all plants and guarantees satisfactory results. WE MAKE AND SUPPLY ARTISTIC GARDEN FURNITURE, ROSE TRELLISES, AND ARCHES Write for our illustrated general catalog of all trees and plants or visit our Nursery if possible, only 8 miles from New York and see our extensive rose-gardens. Rutherford, New Jersey (x) »WW«Kffl«KKK«»tfKKttKKHMS«ttSM«gKKM»«KKH«g«W TV yf ANY a home owes its charm ^^-'^ to its Climbing Roses. Every garden is made more lovely by their presence. It is an honor given to but few firms to be the originators of three wonderful CHmbing Roses, but this distinction came to us when we introduced The West Chester Trio: Climbing American Beauty Christine Wright Purity A trio of surpassing excellence, and of which we are jusdy proud. We grow many other good varieties of Roses, the complete list appearing in our Rose and Plant Catalogue and in our new booklet "Hoopes' Specialt'es." We will gladly send you a copy of either. Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co. Cljc X^t^i Cfjes^ter Surgeries; MAPLE AVE. WEST CHESTER, PA. (xi) 5'/)vcB£S FIELD GROWN OUR SPECIALTY FINEST ROSES IN AMERICA Home-grown, hardy plants, giving an abundance of bloom the first year Also Trees, Shrubs, Plants Flowers and Seeds of every variety. Largest stock in America. Give us a trial. Catalog free The Storrs & Harrison Co. ESTABLISHED 63 YEARS DEPARTMENT B PAINESVILLE, OHIO (xii) lillllllllllllllUlllllllllllllllllllllllJIIIIIIIIIIIIIII As Agent for Hugh Dickson, Ltd., of Belfast, Ireland, we offer the following Novelties for delivery in 1917 LILLIAN MOORE The Rose that won the Thousand-Dollar Prize at the Panama- Pacific Exposition for being the Best Rose on triah ETHEL DICKSON Beautiful salmon Rose; with silvery-flesh reflex. H. D. M. BARTON Velvety crimson, changing to a wonderful deep Rose, with age. The freest Garden Rose we have ever had. ULSTER STANDARD A Single Rose of intense deep crimson, large round flowers. GOLDEN SPRAY Very strong grower; large single flowers over 6 inches across. Strong Pot-plants; June 1st delivery, $2.50 each, $25 per doz. Try us on imported, dormant, two-year-old Rose stock; any variety; any quantity imported specially to your order up to April 1 st. Catalogue describing over 300 varieties, mailed you on receipt of address. CHARLES H. TOTTY MADISON NEW JERSEY (xiii) Dicksons' Hawlmark Irish ROSES Alex. Dickson & Sons, Ltd., of Newtownards, Co. Down, Ireland, have been distributing their Pedigree Roses in the United States, under the name of Dicksons' Irish Roses, for the past thirty years. They have given to us for winter forcing — Killarney, Liberty, Mrs. Jardine, Melody, Irish Fire Flame, and Killarney Brilliant. In outdoor varieties, in addition to the above, they have sent out Duchess of Wellington, Mrs. Wemyss Quinn, Duchess of Westminster, Mrs. MacKellar, Lady Ashtown, Lady Greenall, and a host of other sterling varieties. Other firms by the name of Dickson are now adver- tising Dicksons' Irish Roses, so that Alex. Dickson & Sons for their own protection have copyrighted the name HAWLMARK, which is the sterling stamp of the Rose world. Every HAWLMARK ROSE is genuine, and the best cultivated. Catalogues will be sent direct on request to Alex. Dickson & Sons, Ltd., Proprietors of Dicksons' Hawlmark Irish Roses, or upon appli- cation to their sole Agents in the United States. Robert Scott & Son Sharon Hill : Delaware Co., Pa. (xiv) ROSE COLLECTIONS For the convenience of many customers and to get acquain- ted with many new Rose-growing friends, I have arranged a few collections of extra-fine varieties of the types of Roses which I know will give more than usual satisfaction. Plants are strong and sturdy. Price includes packing and delivery to express company in first-class condition. Collection of Yellow Roses One each Oi' the fcllowing six varieties will be supplied for $2 Lady HilHngdon, Madame Ravary, Harry Kirk, Sunburst, Senateur Mascurad, Etoile de Lyon. Collection of Tea Roses One each of the following six varieties will be supplied for $2 Mrs. George Shawyer, Miss Alice de Rothschild, White Maman Cochet, Pink NLiman Cochet, Lady Hillingdon, Etoile deLyon. Collection of Hybrid Tea Roses One each of the following twelve varieties will be supplied for $4 Betty, Kilhirney Brilliant, Lady Ursula, La France, Lyon Rose, Madame Caroline Testout, My Maryhind, Radiance, George C. Waud, Senateur xMascurad, Lady Alice Stanley, Souvenir du President Carnot. Collection of Hybrid Perpetual Roses One each of the following twelve varieties will be supplied for $3.10 General Jacqueminot, J. B. Clark, Magna Charta, Prince Camille de Rohan, Ulrich Brunner, Captain Hayward, Frau Karl Druschki, Mabel Morrison, Hugh Dickson, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Mrs. John Laing, Paul Neyron. Andrew B. Vanderbeek 174 Broadway Paterson, New Jersey (xv) Joseph Heacock Company ROELOFS . PENNSYLVANIA Growers of the best commercial varieties of ROSES for cut-flowers. Visitors are always welcome at our rose-houses at Roelofs, Pa. An hour's ride from the Reading Terminal, Philadelphia. At Wyncote, Pa., we grow Orchids and Palms for enterprising florists all over the country. Come to see us. ^^IBr2^.-v- ^^^ >\4TrLCt!'"'''"^^^^^^ (xvi) MICHELCS ROSES POT'GROIVN VIGOROUS HEALTHY At our Nurseries, Andalusia, Pa., we make a special feature of two-year-old pot-grown Ro es; our list embraces the best old and new varieties. Our 191 7 Catalogue devotes 12 pages and a colored plate, drawn from nature, to this department alone. The Rosa- rians' calendar on page 136 of our Catalogue is a valuable memo- randum to the Rose enthusiast. A copy is free for the asking. Write for Catalogue I ydaij MICHELL'S SEED HOUSE 518 MARKET STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. Nurseries and Greenhouses, Andalusia, Pa. (xvii) Protect Your Roses It is as important to protect them against the attacks of insects and fungus as it is to properly fertihze them. For the aphis, or green fly, as it is more commonly known, and the caterpillars which at times attack the rose bushes, there is no more efficient remedy than the insecticide APHINE. For rose mildew, FUNGI NE is accepted by the best growers as a specific remedy. Unlike bordeaux mix- ture, it does not stain the foliage but cleanses it. For nematodes, or eelworms, which work at the roots of rose plants, there is nothing more effective than VER- MINE, which is applied by thoroughly soaking the soil. The above named products are concentrated liquids, and are applied by diluting with water as per directions on each can. They are popular among amateurs, because they are free of the disagreeable features of most insecticides and fungicides, while most effective in their action. Put up in various sizes to meet the requirements of all growers, whether of an extensive garden or of a few plants, APHINE. FUNGINE. and VERMINE are fisted in the catalogues of, and sold by, the representa- tive seed firms throughout the country. For fuller particulars apply to APHINE MANUFACTURING CO. Mariufacturers of Agricultural Chemicals MADISON • NEW JERSEY (xviii) Heavy Galvanized Rose Stakes With or Without SELF-TYING LOOPS In Stock Some Repeat Customers ALBERT F. AMLING CO. POEHLMANN BROS. GULLETT CS, SONS J. P. OLINGER CS. SON J. F. AMMAN PYFER Ca, OLSEM Our prices are right We also sell Carnation Supports THE CARNATION SUPPORT CO. CONNERSVILLE, INDIANA The J. Van Lindley Nursery Company POMONA, N. C. Grows Roses For those people who like some- thing out of the ordinary. Our Roses are grown in the hills ot North Carolina, where soil and good care put into them the strength that makes them do well in any Rose-Garden. Many varieties of Roses and other desirable ornamentals are listed in our catalogue. If you are going to plant Roses, Trees, Shrubs, or Fruit Trees you need this booklet. Send for copy. J. VAN LINDLEY NURSERY COMPANY Box R, Pomona, N. C. GREEN PLAIN ROSE FARM Malcolm Franklin YARDLEY. BUCKS CO. PE N N SYLVAN I A (xix) Los Angeles A new Rose from the "Land of Sunshine and Flowers," and one that is distinctly An American Rose For American Gardens LOS ANGELES is surpassingly brilliant in color, beautiful in form, and exceedingly free in bloom. THE COLOR is entirely new in roses — flame- pink toned with coral and shaded with trans- lucent gold at base of the petals. THE FLOWERS are produced in almost unbroken succession from early summer to late fall. THE PLANT is a vigorous grower, with many strong canes, each one crowned with su- perb blooms. Strong two-year plants sent prepaid to any part of the United States for $2 each Larger quantities at the same rate. Plants are cut to i8 in. NOTE — After May i we shall be obliged to ship pot- grown plants, which must be sent by express, purchasers to pay express charges. HOWARD & SMITH Rose Specialists Los Angeles, Cal. SEE COLOR PLATE OPPOSITE PAGE 37 OF THIS ANNUAL (xx) DODSON^gi^?, Win Birds to Live ^In Your Garden:^ Dodson Purple Martin House, 28 rooms and at- tic. Price, $12; all copper roof, S15 f. o. b. Kankakee Roses and Birds T^HERE is no more charming combination SouT" loUd -*■ and if you have both you are more sure o^k. with cypress •' J roof. Price, $5, to have good roses. Let the birds do your f-o.b. Kankakee, "bug hunting." They do it better than a spray machine and they will sing for you at the same time. You can have the birds if you invite them, and the proper form of invitation is a DODSON BIRD HOUSE. Besides attracting the birds, Dodson houses make a very ornamental appearance in the Rose-garden. Bird Book Free. — The illustrated Dodson book tells how to attract native birds to your garden. With it we send, also free, a beautiful picture in color, from "Nature Neighbors," worthy of framing. Write to JOSEPH H. DODSON Director of the American Audubon Association 745 South Harrison Avenue, Kankakee, 111. Dodson Shel- tered Feeding House. Com piete with 8-foot pole, $8; all cop- per roof, %\o, f.o.b. Kankakee. Dodson Obser- vation Bird House. Watch birds' home life. Price, Ss, f. o. b Kankakee. Everything in Rose Plants, including all the novelties and standard varieties WRITE US FOR LIST S. S. Pennock-Meehan Co, PHILADELPHIA, PA. (xxi) ROSES FOR THE GREENHOUSE fl llllNlllllllllllllllllllll|.NIliNliNNlllilll Illlllllllllll Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillillllllillllllllllllllllillllllll^^ 'i'lll'll ' m\ """"'""'"I" nllllllllNllllipilHIill WHETHER for the big commercial house or for the private greenhouse, we grow plants that will please you and that will start you on the road to success. We have been doing this for years. Ask anyone who knows roses where the best plants can be had, and your answer will be: "A. N. Pierson, Incorporated, Cromwell, Connecticut." We have a reputation for good roses. For years this reputation has been maintained and it will be in the future. For 191 8, we offer two new roses: MRS. HENRY WINNETT (Dunlop). By far the most promising new red rose. MRS. BELMONT TIFFANY. A glorified sport of Sunburst. Does not fade nor come off color. Better in every way than its parent. For Your Garden Roses of all classes and the best stock that can be offered. Strong, heavy, two-year plants, budded or grafted to give them strength and flowering ability. If you want a dozen that you can get for a dollar and that will come by mail, don't write us. We don't grow them. If you want good goods for fair money, get in touch with Cromwell Gardens Roses. Our Handbook for the asking! It tells you how. A. N. PIERSON, Inc. CROMWELL :: CONNECTICUT (xxii) Large, Dormant FIELD-GROWN ROSES From Rochester For more than three quarters of a century we have been growing and studying Roses. Our carefully selected list of varieties is the outcome of this extended experience. Our new catalogue "K" will be sent on request. ELLWANGER & BARRY ROCHESTER, NEW YORK WE MAKE THE GROWING OF FIELD-GROWN ROSES Our Specialty for the Wholesale Trade THE UNITED STATES NURSERY COMPANY S. W. CROWELL, Mgr. ROSEACRES, MISSISSIPPI Rose Lecture Our illustrated lecture, "In American Rose-Gardens," is made up of one hundred beautifully colored slides of Roses and Rose-gardens in all parts of the United States. This lecture is rented, with manuscript to accompany the pictures. Particularly suited for Garden clubs. Schools, and Church societies. Our folder, "Educational Prints and Lantern Slides/' sent on request. J. Horace McFarland Co. Slide Department flARRISBURG. PENNA. (xxiii) IT IS A BOOK THAT ONE MUST HAVE'' — Bulletin of the Garden Club of America ^^Sgj^^^ THE PRACTICAL BOOK OF OUTDOOR ^ ROSE Q GROWING ^^ ! For the Home Garden J By GEORGE C. THOMAS, JR. NEW GARDEN EDITION Price $2.00 net. Postage Extra 16 Perfect reproductions in full color and 20 illustrations in black and white Handy Octavo. Decorated cloth ITS SPECIAL APPEAL As a Practical Working Manual for Outdoor Rose Growing in America, This Volume Contains Several Features Which Make It Exceptionally Valuable: First. Plain and carefully thought out rules, which have proven successful for many j-ears in actual practice. Second. A list of roses made only after the entire catalogue list of varieties has been systematically tried for years in this country in testing beds. Third. Remarkable illustrations in color reproduced from auto- chrome color photographs made from the varieties tested. In addition, chapters devoted to general information are added as of inter- est, and books' going further into detail on the various subjects are suggested. CRITICAL OPINIONS The House Beautiful: — "With such a book as a guide any amateur gardener can safely become a collector and grower of roses with the assurance of successful results." The Garden Magazine:— . "This volume is certainlv not only a most interesting and real contribution to American horticultural literature, but it is also one of the most beautifully printed of horticultural books." Bulletin of the Garden Club of America: — "Lovers of Roses will find the text well written, practical and reliable, and the many color plates absolutely fascinating. It is a book that one must have." GENERAL SCOPE The Propagation of Roses; The Climbers; Location and Propaga- Best Varieties with their characteris- tion; Ordering; Pruning; Best Meth- tics; Planting; Cultivation; Hints on ods described and illustrated; Hybridization. General Information. DE LUXE FOURTH EDITION This new edition of the large volume contains a number of new color plates (The total number being 96 in color and 20 in black and white) . Handsome cloth binding. Octavo in slip case. $6.00 net. Postage extra. J. B. LIPPINCOTT CO, ^^?Ai^^i.l (xxiv) About the Greenhouses We Build FOR over half a century, we have been building greenhouses Logically, then, we ought to know how greenhouses should be built. In that fifty and more years, we have built practically all kinds of glass enclosures, from garden coldframes at a few dollars each, to conservatories, glass-enclosed swimming-pools, orchard houses and even orange-grove glass-ins, costing up into the thousands. It matters not whether you want just a small house, costing but a few hundred dollars, or one most pretentious; we can give you a service and a value that we think careful investigation will prove to you cannot be equaled. We should be glad to talk with you. Send for our Two G's Booklet, or Glass Gardens, A Peep Into Their Delights. Builders of Greenhouses and Conservatories SALES OFFICES: New York Rochester Cleveland (xxv) INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS Page J. Horace McFarland Company, Printers i Conard & Jones Co. Roses ii Bertrand H. Fair. Roses and Peonies iii Pierson U-Bar Company. Greenhouses iv Henry A. Dreer. Roses v Benjamin Hammond. Insecticides and Fungicides .... vi G. E. M. Stumpp. Roses and Garden Furniture vii Fancher Creek Nurseries. Roses viii Glen Saint Mary Nurseries Co. Roses viii George H. Peterson. Roses ix Bobbink & Atkins. Roses x Hoopes, Bro. & Thomas Co. Roses xi The Storrs & Harrison Co. Roses xii Charles H. Totty. Roses xiii Robert Scott & Son. Roses xiv Andrew B. Vanderbeek. Roses xv Joseph Heacock Company. Roses xvi Michell's Seed House. Roses xvii Aphine Manufacturing Company. Insecticides and Fungicides xviii The Carnation Support Co. Rose Stakes xix J. Van Lindley Nursery Company. Roses xix Green Plain Rose Farm. Roses xix Howard & Smith. Roses xx Joseph H. Dodson. Bird-houses xxi S. S. Pennock-Meehan Co. Roses xxi A. N. Pierson, Inc. Roses xxii Ellwanger & Barry. Roses xxiii The United States Nursery Company. Roses xxiii J. Horace McFarland Company. Rose Lecture xxiii J. B. Lippincott Co. Rose Book xxiv Lord & Btxmham Co. Greenhouses xxv ONLY ADVERTISING RELATING TO ROSES OR GARDENS IS ADMITTED ADDRESS FOR ADVERTISING SPACE IN 1918 AMERICAN ROSE ANNUAL BOX 655, HARRISBURG PA. iSliSli!