AMPHIPACIFICA is an international jour- nal of aquatic systematic biology aimed primarily at publication of monographic studies that are overly large (25-50+ printed pages) for traditional taxonomic journals. The Journal has featured studies on crustaceans of the faunistically rich and palacobiologicaily ancient North American Pa- cific coastal marine region. However, the geo- graphic scope extends to other marine regions, and to adjacent fresh waters. Faunistically, it encom- passes other free-living and parasitic invertebrate taxa, and aspects of aquatic vertebrate animals that may involve syslematics, ecology and behaviour. AMPHIPACIFICA is scheduled to appear approximately quarterly, with a run of 250-3(K) copies per issue, each of about 1 25 pages, and a total volume pagination of approximately 5(X). The printed page size is 8.5 X 1 1 inches (22 X 27.5 cm). 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AMPHIPACIFICA is published by Amphi- pacifica Research Publications under the Ontario Business Program License No. 100013820, Janu- ary', 2000. Editorial Board. Dr. E. L. Bousfield. Managing Editor, Ottawa, ON. Dr. D. G. Cook, Technical Editor, Greely, ON. Advisory Board. Dr. D. R. Calder, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON, Canada. Dr. F, R. Cook, North Augusta, ON, Canada. Df. P. H. LeBlond, Galiano I., BC, Canada. Dr. Z. Kabata, Nanaimo, BC, Canada, Dr, D. E. McAllister, Perth Mills, ON, Canada. Dr. G. G. E. Scudder, University of British Colum- bia,Vancouver, BC, Canada. Dr. C.-t. Shih, Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute, Keelung, Taiwan; Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottaw^a, ON, Canada. Dr. C. P. Staude, Friday Harbor Laboratories, Friday Harbor, \V,^, USA. T ranstatioh Services. M. A. BousHeld, MSc, Wolfe Island, ON, Canada, Sponsoring Agencies. Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON, Canada: Friday Harbor l.a bora lories. University of Washing- ton, Friday Harbor, WA. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, BC, Can- ada. Royal Ontario Museum. Toronto, ON, Canada. Offices. (1) Subscription.s and Correspondence: Dr. E. L, Bousfield, Managing Editor, Ottaw'a, ON, K2B 8E3. (2) Mailing: Canadian Museum of Nature, Research Division, Ottawa, ON, Canada, KIP 6P4. Registration. The Journal AMPHIPACIFICA is registered at the National Library of Canada, Legal Deposit Office, 395 Wellington St.. Ottawa, Canada, as ISSN Number ] 189-9905. Printing. Elm Printing Incorporated, 280 Albert St., Ottawa, ON, Canada. POSTMASTER: Please send changes of address to; Amphipaeilica, att; Dr. E. L. Bousfield, Managing Editor, 1710-1275 Richmond Rd., Ottawa, ON, Canada K2B 8E3. AMPHIPACIFICA JOURNAL OF AQUATIC SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY Volume II, Number 4 October 10, 2000. AMPHIPACIFICA, JoumaJ of Aquatic Systematic Biology (ISSN No. 1 1S9-9905) is published by Amphipadfica Research Publications, 1710-1275 Richmond Rd., Ottawa, ON CANADA K2B SE3 Annual subscription rates are $50. Canadian funds ($40 US). DEDICATION The Journal AMPHIPACIFICA is dedicated (o the promotion of systematic biology and to the conser\ation of Earth’s natural resources. Cover design: Adapted from the title page of S. J* Holmes (1904), “Amphspod Crustaceans of the Expedition/' Harriman Alaska E.\pedition, pages 233-244, AMPHIPACIHCA VOL l[ NO. 4, OCT, 10.3(X)0 Welcome back to Amphipacifica! During an absence of more than 3 years, fonrter readers of Amphipacifica frequently expressed appre- ciation for the roie that had been played by this research journai in communicating netv knowledge of aquatic systematic biology. Its contents, mainly in the form of fully illustrated and keyed monographic treatments, have proven particularly useful to marine environmen- tal biologists of the Northeastern Pacific coastal marine region. Hopefully, this need will continue to be ful- ft I led through revival of the journal at its new base of operations in Ottawa, its "resurrection “ has been made possible only through the technical editorial ser\ ices now being provided by Dr. David G, Cook, former editor of the Canadian Journal of Fi sheries and Aquatic Sciences, The original intent of Amphipactfica was to provide a peer-reviewed, credible and affordable outlet for systematic works, especially for larger papers that traditional journals find difficult or impotssible to ac- commodate. These goals remain in place. However, to keep the journal affordable for both contributors and subscribers, and maintain production in a timely and academically acceptable manner, some hard editorial compromises have had to be made. 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The official publication of The Ottawa Field-Naturalists’ Club, it prints minutes of the annual meeting and awards presented by the Club. Since I9S4. it has featured edited Status Reports for many individual species designated by the Convention on Species of Endangered Wildlife in Canada C COSE^’IC), particularly those on fish and marine mammals. As well, recent special issues have featured the history of botanical investigation of Canada, St. Pierre et Miquelon, and Greemland; a biography cf the Canadian ornithologist Percy A. Taverner, a history of the Canadian Wildlife Service, and an analysis of the Orchids of the Ottawa district. The Otawa Field-Natural ists’ Club was formed in 1879 by scientists from embryonic federal departments, including the Geological Survey and the Etoiminion Experimental Farm, together with leading amateurs of the lime; a similar mix remains as its strength to this day. 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Cook Francis R, Cook Editor, Canadian Field-jNaturalist fcook@achi lies .net AMPHIPACIFICAVOL.il NO. 4, OCT. 10,2000 3 The Species of LysmaUi (Car idea; Hippoivtidae) from the Eastern Pacific Ocean MARY K, WICKSTEN^ Department of Biology Texas A&M University College Station, Texas 77S43-325S ABSTRACT Three new species, chica, and L. tuiyarttensii, are described Ivom the eastern Pacific. The species can be distinguished by the rostral teeth, namber of free articles of the accesso-rv branch of the nagellum of the antennule, fhe iengih of the stylocerite, and the number of articles in the carpasof the second pereopods. The color paaems of L argemopsificiata and L- rAicfl are charactenstic., 1 net uding these new species, eight spec-ies of Lysnuita arc known fjom the eastern Pacific. A key and brief diagnoses of a|[ species are provided. INTRODLICTION Species of Ly^ma^a are known as red rock shrimp, peppermint shrimp or cleaner shrimp- They live among rocks, corals or other hard substrates, and are noctur- nal I y active- Some are cleaners: they remove debris, parasites, diseased tissue, etc. from fishes. While examining specimens of Lysmata spp. from the vicinity of I-.a Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico, Students, colleagues arid I encountered specimens that could not be identified with certainty using existing keys (Wicksten 1983, 1990). I compared these speci- mens with material from among the collections of the California Academy of Sciences (CAS), Los Angdes County Museum of Natural History (LACM), United States Museum of Natural History (USNM). Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), Charles [>arwdn Research S tation. Gal apagos Islands, Ec uador( CDRS), and 18 specimens of L. inter media from Isla de Lxtbos, Gulf of Me ?d CO, Mexico from the Texas .A&M Univer- sity Systematic Collection of Invertebrates (catalogue numbers 2-2141, 2144, 2146-2147, 2149-2152, 2154^ 2 1 56, 2 1 59 and 3 252) . \Vi th the aid of Carl os Sanchez Ortiz, Luis Hernandez and students of the Universidad Autonoma de Baja California $ur (lIBCS), Plaz, 1 collected and photographed fresh specimens of Lys- maia spp, at four locations in Baja California Sur: Punta Arenas, Calerita, Los Islotes and Cabo San Lucas. With the aid of Rodrigo Bustamante and the staff of the marine laboratory of the Charles Darwin Research Station (CDRS), I collected specimens in the Galapagos Islands. Cleveland Hickman, Jr, of Wash- ington and Lee University, Arlington, Virginia photo- graphed specimens in life and loaned previously col- lected specimens of Lysmata from the Galapagos Is- lands. Examination of these shrimp revealed four unidentifiable species. One of these, L- gracUirostris, has been described in a previous paper (Wicksten 2000 ). The descriptions of the new species are given herein, along wuth a key for identification- Carapace lengths (CL) are given in millimeters. The Illustrations are by Michael Hodnett, Texas A&M University. 1 found misidemificatiofis and confusion in the lit- erature regarding tropical eastern Pacific species, and have re-examined specimens when possible to confirm their identity. However, some of the identifications in regional checklists and keys remain in doubt. The reader should use the revised key presented here in- stead of those given by Wicksten (1983, 199C^) and double-check the identities of specimens of interest. I am grateful to Cedric d’ Udekem d ' Acoz of Braine- r Allcud. Belgium for sharing with me information on morphology of L. intermedia, and reviewfing an earlier Version of the manu.script, Ken-lchi Hayashi of the National Rsheries University, Shimonoseki, Japan also reviewed an earlier version d the manuscript. SYSTEMATICS Lysmata argentopunctatay new species (Figs. 1-3) Lysmata intermedia Kersdteh 1989: SL fig. 199. (ml&identification. not Hlppolysmata intermedia Kingsley, 1S78). Lysmata caiifornka Wicksten I9§3: 27 (in part); Wicksten 1990: 596 (in part); Wicksten 1991; 151 (in AMPHIPACinCA VOL. 11 KO. 4, CXTT. IG, 2{)00 4 part);Wicksten and Hendrickx 1992' 7 (in part): Wicksten 1996: 287. (misidentifications: not Hipp(?- lysmma calif arnica Stimpson, 1866). Mat«rlal esamined: HOLOTYPE; ov. lemale, CL 9C, Moito Colorado, Sonora (2S^20'N, ] i r 18AV), under rocks, 5- 10 m, l26Jajiuan'iy82,Alc\Kerst]tch,LACM 19S2I381, PARATYPES: PACIHC COAST OF BAJA CALIFOR- NIA, MEXICO: Male, CL 5. 1; Rjdge nonh of Nonh Rock. Rocas Aliici-s,30-35m, 15 Feb. 1993, Jeff Boj!.aii[ic, LA CM. GULF OF CALIFORNIA. MEXICO: 3 females. CL 7.2- 10.0, none o^'.; I si a Blanca, Bahfa Bacochibarnpo, Sonora, 6 m, rubble, 3 July 1978. Alex Kerstitch, LACM I J92-0t. 4 ov. female^;, CL 8.0-10,2, male, CL 73; Murro Colofiido, Sonora, underrocks . 5- 1 Om , 1 6 Januarx^ 1 982. A lexKe rs-li tch , LA CM 82.-^ail6. Male, CL 5,6: Bahfa San GabncI, Isla Espfritu Santo, amony coral, 7 March 1937, Velero 111 sta. 63S-37,USMMcai. no. 237435. 10remales,CL3.5-6.6,3of them nv., 3 males, CL 3.4-5.6, also 2 broken specimens; Sahia San Gabnel. amon^ coral, 7 March 1937, Velero lU sia. 638-37, USNM cal. no, 237436, Female, CL 3,8, male, CL 4, 1 , 1 broken specimen; Bahfa San Gabnel, among coral in shalioix ^vater 20 March 1936, Velero III sta. 604-36, USNM cal. no. 237415, 17 females, CL CL :.3-6. J, 10 of them ov,, male, CL 3,6: Los Is totes, Baja California Sur, 30 m, among D:x:ks, 27 July 1997. Lms Hernindez, UBCS. 5 females, CL 3, 3 -7. 2, 1 of them ov,:RocaPel^cano.Cabc^ San Lucas, Baja California Sur, 2-5 m, in crack in rock, 20 July 199^, Carlos Sanchez and party, UBCS, GALAPAGOS ISUAMDS, ECUADOR: 2 ov. females. CL S.2-S.6, male. CL 63; IslaAlbany.13Augn.5t 1997. CP. Hickman. CDRS 97-348, 97-349. o\. female, CL 6.2; DeviFs Crown (also called Corona del Diablo or Jsla Onslow), under rock, 10-18 m, 17 Aug. 1998,CDRS98-508.Ov.icmalc,CL5.8; DcviFs CrowT], 104.5 m. 18 Aug, 1998, CDRS 98-585. 0^ . female, CL 7.0; Same location and date, CDRS 98-313. Ov. female. CL 6.6: isla Mosquera, 8 m, 20 Aug. 1998, CDRS 98-540. Description. Rostrum straight, not reaching end of second segment of anteimuEar peduncle, wdth l%3 dor- sal teeth on carapace and 2-3 teeth on rostrum proper. 2or3 (usually 2) vetitra] teeth{Fig. lA-D, H), Dorsal teeth usually not extending pa^t cornea of eye; bare space between auteriormost spine and ape.x of rostrum. Carapace with slight forward protrusion above strong antennal spine, and minute pierygostanian spine. Pleura cf first to third abdominal somites rounded, fourth slightly produced, fifth with posterolateral point, sixth somite withposteroventra] potnt(Fig. lD).Telson (Fig. IJ) slightly shorter than uropods. with 2 pairs dorsolateral spines: one pir near midlength and other closer to apex than to anterior pair Apex of tel son pointed and flanked by two pairs of spines; lateral pair long, mesial pair very^ short. Eyes large, cornea darkly pigmented. In juveniles, eyes proportionally larger than in adul ts. Antennal peduncle (Fig. LA, H) short and stout, about 0.5 X length of scaphocerite. Stylocerite reaching or overreaching first segment of antennular peduncle, First segment with tult of spinules on anterior margin and small ventromesiaJ spine, longer than second seg- ment; second segment longer than third, Antennular flagella almost as long as body. Accessory branch of outer flagellum writh 13- 1 7 free articles, free for nearly half of its length, and 13-]5 fused articles, densely setose in juveniles but with fewer setae in adults. Basicerite with sharp anieTolaleml spine. Scaphocerite (Fig. lA, H) elongate and slender, 4.X long as wide, lateral tooth distinctly overreaching scale. Scale a.p- proximately 2X length of antennular peduncle. Fagellum of antenna longer than body. Mouthparts as figured (Fig.3), Third maxilliped (Fig, 3. A) reaching past end of antennal scale, with exopod reaching well past midlength of antepenultimate seg- ment Penultimate segment short, less than 0.5X length of ultimate segment. Ultimate segment setose, espe- cially in juveniles, with 4-5 spines at and near apex. Epipod present. First to fourth pereopods with epipods, ail reaching to or beyond end of antennal scale when extended. First pereopod (Fig. 2AJ short and chelate, fingers of chela less than 0,5X palm (Fig. lE). Carpus at least as long as chela. Menus slightly longer than carpus. Ischium short. Second pereopod (Fig. 2B) elongate. Fingers of chela (Fig. IF) shorter than paim, Carpus with 20-27 articles (usually 23-25), Merus with 9-12 indistinct articles, ischium with 6 indislinci articles. Third pereopod (Fig. 2C) with dactyl about 0.25 X propodus+ biunguiculate, with 2-3 smaller spines on flexor mar- gin. Propped Ljs writh 7-9 spinules along flexor margiti. Carpus about 0.7X propodus, with 2-3 minute Sj^nuks on flexor margin. Merus with 4-7 ventrolateral spines. Ischium slvort. Fourth pereopod (Fig. 2D) similar to third, but shorter, merus with 3-7 ventrolateral spines. Fifth pereopod (Fig. 2E) shorter still, merus with 2-4 ventrolateral spines. Meral spines few^er or missing from specimens with regenerating appendages. First pleopod (Ftg. 31) with endopod slender and short. Second pleopod (Fig. II, 3G, H) with appendix Interna. Appendix masculina (Fig. 3G, H) about 2X length of appendix iniema. Outer uropod (Rg. IJ) with postcroiaienal spines. Carapace length of female to 10.2 mm, male to 7.9. Color in life. An tennae and appends ges red. Body w i ih dark greenish or red longiludind lines interspersed AMPHJPACIFICA VOL, II NO. 4, OCT. 10, 2000 5 Fig* I* Lysmata argentopunctafQ^ n* sp* Female, CLS.O, Morro Colorado. Sonora, Mexico. A, frontal region in dorsal view; B, two shapes of the rostnim from paratype specimens; D, entire animal in lateral view; E, detail of chela of first pereopod; F, detail of chela of second pereopod; G, dactyl of third pereopcNd; H, frontal region in lateral view'; I, fenfiale second pereopod; J, telson and uropods. Scales ^ 1 mm. AMPHiPACinCA VOL. 11 NO, 4, OCT. JO, 2000 6 Fig, 2. Lysm^tta argentopunetata n, sp. Female, CL 9,9, Morro Colorado, Sonora. A, first pereopod; second pereopod; C, third pereopod; D, fourth pereopod; E, fifth pereopod. Scale = 1 mm. with alternating longitudinal lines of silvery white spots, (See Kerstitch 1989, photo 199, p, SI, as L. intermedia: I have reexamined the specimens that were photographed, and they belong to the new^ species). My photographs df living specimens from the Galapagos and the Gulf of California show' the same color pattern. Rang e. Rocas .AJ ijos, Pacific coast of Mexico; Morro Colorado, Gulf of California to Galapagos Islands, Etymolog y. The specific epithet is derived from "argentum”, meaning silver, and "punctata meaning spotted, to refer to the living coloration of the animal. Remarks, Lysntara argemoptincTata resembles L, intermedia (Kingsley, 1S7S) of the western Atlantic and Caribbean, and has so been misidentified. (e.g., Wicksten.l9S3, specimens from Bahia Bacochibam- po). The number of carpal articles, the spines of the carapace and rostrum, arid the length and shape of the parts of the antennular peduncle and scaphocerite are similar. How'ever, the accessory flagellum of L, intermedia is free for only about 3-5 articles* while in L.argefUopunctata, it is free for up to 17 articles, more than half cf its length. The rostrum of L iniermedia. has dorsal teeth equally spaced up to the apex, while that cf L. argentopuncmm has a bare space near the apex. Because of the similarity in the rostrum, L, argentopunctam and L. calif ornica have been con- fused in the past. The specimen frcm the Rocas .Alijos was previously reported as L calif ornica by Wicksten ( 1996). 1 re-examined this specimen, and found that it belongs to L. argefUopuncla^a. However^ the acces- sory branch of the flagellum of the antennule in L argentopunctata has at least 13 free articles, w hile that of L. caitfornica is fused completely or free for only one segment. The stylocerite of L. argeniopunctata reaches at least to the end of the first segment of the antennular peduncle while in L. calif ornica it is much shorter. The color patterns are different: L, arge?uopuncmm lias silvery spots and diffuse longitu- dinal white stripes, lacking in L cali/ornica which is also predomlnantiy marked with red streaks. Lysmata orgenJopunctata is very similar to L. trisetaoea, w'hich also occurs in the tropical eastern Pacific. The shape of the rostrum and number of carpal articles of the second pereopod are very similar. How- ever, in L argentopunctata, the rostrum usually reaches the middle of the second segment of the antennular peduncle; in L tri^etacea, it barely reaches beyond the end of the first segment. The scaphocerite of L. argentopunctata has a spine that markedly exceeds the blade, w hich i s 4x as long as w'i de; w hi I e i n L. trisetacea, the spine barely exceeds the blade if at all, and the blade is3x as long as wide. In L, argentapimetata, the upper flagdJum of the antenniile has 13-17 slender free articles, while L. trisetacea has 7-10 wide free articles (usually 8). The mems of the third pereopod of L, argemapufjctata has 4-7 ventrolateral spines, while L. trisetacea has tw o or three ventrolateral rnerat spines. AMPHIPACiHCA VOL. II NO. 4, OCT, 10,2000 7 Fig* 3. Lysmata argentopunctata n* sp. Femalet CL 9.9, Morro Colorado, Sonora. A, third maxilliped; B, second maxillipcd; C, first maxilliped; D, second maxilla; E, first maxilla (broken); F, mandible. G- L male, CL 7.3, Morro Colorado, Sonora. G, detail of appendices masculina and interna; H, second pleopod; i, first pleopod. Scales = 1 mm. AMPHJPACIFICA VOL II NO. 4. OCT. 10, 2000 8 Lys^nata argemopunctaia was collected imder rocks* in cracks or among branches of corals* It is a common species of Lysmaia in the southern Gulf of California and shallow subtidal areas cf the Galapagos Islands* Lysmaia calif otnica (Stimpsoti, 1866 ) (Fig. 4A} Hippoiysmaia caii/ornica Stimpson, 1 S66: 48; Holmes J9(X^: 180, pJ. 2, fig. 3S; Rathbun 1904: 56; Schmitt J921: 49, fig. 27;Holthuis 1947: 19; Limbaugh 1961: 44. Lystnaia californica Chace and Abbott 1980: 569, fig. 23.S;Standing l9Sl;780:Wicksten I9B3: 27:Debelius 1984: 105; Ricketts etal. 1985; 173, fig, 144; Kershtch 1989: 8 L fig, 19B;Wicksten 1990; 596; Wicks ten and Hendriclot 1992; 7; Jensen 1995:51, fig. 90; Chace 1997:73. Malehal examined. U.S.A; Ov. female* CL 18,2. Moss Larding Harbor, Monterey Bay, Calif ornia, 27 Feb. 1979, E. LarssonandM. Carlin, CAS 013401. MEXICO: Ov. female, CL 6,7; north of Puma Enlrada, Bahia Magdalena, subtadal, 2 Nov. 1971, Searcher station 288. LACM. Ow female, CL 12.9; Pneno PenaBCo, Sonora, 1966, PcEcr Casiro, C.4S 073781 , 4 females, CL 7.3-114, 2 of them ov,. male, CL7.6; Roca Consag, Gulf of California, 24 March 1937, ]S-46 m. Velcro 111 Sla. 719-37, USN'M 237449. Female, CL 9.2; Guay mas, Sonora, 3-6 m*2S-29 March 1978, Alex Kerstitch, LACM Recognition characters. Rostrum slender, strongly ridged on sides* bent downward near base, reaching at most slightly beyond end of second segment of antenriular peduncle* with 5’7 dorsal and 2-4 venirai teeth. Carapace with faint obtuse lobe above sharp antennal spine and small ptery goslomian spine. First segment of Emtennular peduncle with closely set spin- ules on distal margin. Stylocerite not reaching end of first segment of peduncle. Flagella of first antenna longer than body. Accessory branch of outer llagell urn completely fused or free for only one segment, fused part consisting of 26-30 segments. Basicerite of second antenna with sharp lateral spine. Scaphocerite over- reaching antenndlar peduncle by nearly length of last se gme ntof pedu ncl e. spi ne s irongl y overreach] ng blade. Third maxilliped with exopod reaching well past midlength of antepenultimate segment. Second pereopod with 25-3 2 articles (usually 27-29) in carpus. Third to fifth pereopod s with stout, biungutcul ate dact- yls and 2-3 spines on flexor border; merus of third pereopod with6-7ventrolalera! spines, fourth pereopod* with 5-6 ventrolateral meral spines; fifth pereopod* with 3-4 ventrolateral mera! spines, Caraji^c length of female to 18.2* male to 12.7. Color in life. Banded with longitudinal red stripes, sometimes with greenish tinge. See guidebooks by Etebclius (1984: 105)* Kerstitch (19S9: SI, fig. 198) and Jensen (1995: 51, fig. 90) for color photos in life. At nighL the corneas cf the eyes reflect a golden color. TIdepools, kelp beds and rocky reefs: inter- tidal to over 60 m (Chace and Abbott 1980). Rarely as far north asTomales Bay, California but usually south of Point Conception; south To Magdalena Bay, Baja California, Mexico; Gulf of California at Con sag Rock* Puerto Pehasco and Guaymas. Type locality San Diego, Caltfornia (Stimpson* 1866). Previous re pons from the Galapagos Islands art based on mis identifications. Remarks. I have observed L, caiifornica in lidepoois and on rocky reefs at San Pedro and along the eastern side of Santa Catalina Island, Califomia (L-.S,.Ai.) It often lives in swarms under rocks or in crevices. It is most active at night and acts as a cleaner or scavenger when it cohabits the holes of the California moray* Gymfiaihorax mardax ( Sec Li mbaugh 1 96 1 , for photo- graphs). This species may disperse widely by clinging to drifting kelp. It also may be released by fishermen who use it a.s live bait in southern (Ealifomia. In previous publications, L. catifc^mica has been confused with other species. Brusca (1980) provided an illustration of the species and information on its natural history. He mentioned that there might be two additional species of Lysmam in the Gulf of Califor- nia; however, the characters he provided to distinguish these two species were insufficcent for identification, even to genus. I have been unable to examine the specimens on which these species were based. Abele (1975: SI) considered a specimen taken at the Galapa- gos to he L californica, but it seems to have been L chica. n, sp. (Sec discussion under that species), Lysmaia chka new species (Figs. 5-7) ?Lystna:a intermedia Sivertsen 1933: 5, pL II, figs. 9- 15; Abele 1975: 81 ; Chace 1972: 128; Wicksten and Mendez 19S3; 86. figs. 35. 36', Wicksten 1991; 150. not Hippolysmata intermedia Kingsley, 1878; Caribbean- At] antic species (See remarks). Lysmaia californica Wicksten 1991: 151 (in part); W'icksten and Hendrickx 1992: 7 (in part): (misid- enlifi cation: not Hippolysmata californica Stimpson, 1866). A MPH I PACIFICA VOL. II NO. 4, OCT. 10, 2000 9 Fig, 4, A, Lysmaia califomica (Stimpson), Female, CL 1 24, CoDsag Rock, Gulf of California, Mexico; B, Lysmata galapagensis Schmitt. Male, CL 7. 1 , MazatMn Siualoa, Mexico. Scale A = 3 mm B = 1 mm AMPHIPACIHCA VOL. ]l NO. 4, OCT. 10, 20CO ]0 Material esammtd — HOLOT>'PE: inalc, CL 4.6. Bahia Caruigo> Is] a I sabcla ( Al bcmarle i sland) , Ga] apa cos (0''34'N, 90^ .S8W), shore, 22 Jan. 1938. Velero III sta. 8IXi-38.USKM caL. no. 237416, PAPATl^PES: ECUADOR; icmale. CL 4,2; La Ubcrmd, USNM cat. no. 23741H. GALAPAGOS ISLANDS; 4 females, CL2,2'6.0, 1 of them o%'., 2 males, CL 4.5-5,0. Bahfa Canago, nonh shore, Ista Isabela, sand, 14 Feb, 1933, Velero HI 76=33 . USNNt cal. no. 237439. 3 fetnale.s, CL 4.0-5,2, none of them ow Bahia Cartaco, north shore, rock, 22 Jan. 1938, Velero IH sm. 800-38, USNM cat. no. 237416, Female, CL 5.2. Post Office Bay, Isla Santa Maria (Charles Island), 5 Feb. 1933, no station number, USNM cat. nO- 229729'. Oi,'. female, CL 6.3; Black Beach. Isla Santa Marfa, shore, rock, 19 Jan- 1934, Velero UL sta, 166-34, USNM cat. no. 237437. 4females, CL3.3-7.n, 3 of them ov., male, CL 4.6: Black Beach, shore, rc»ck. 27 Jan. 1933. Velero 111 sta. 33-33, USK'M cal. no. 237419, Female, CL 4.6; Ckrvils' Crown (Isla Onslow), crater, vvith Pavona coral, 23 Jan. 1938, Yekrtj 111 sta. 804-38^ USNM cat. no. 237438. 5 females, CL 3, 5-4, 9, 2 of them ovigcrous, fcara- paceoTilyl, CL 4.2; Isla Santa Fi£ (Bamngicn Island), 5 hore> among EQ<;tJJlQPQi& com], 26 Jan. 1 938, Velero UL sta. 81 1- 38, USNM cat- no. 237432, O', female. CL 5,0, male, CL 6.0; Bahia Academy, lUa Santa Cruz (I ndcfaiigable Island), shore, rock, 7 Dec. 1 934, Velero It I sta. 3 14-35, USNM eat. no. 237417. Female, CL 4.8: Bahfa Academy, K, Knibbcr, no date, LA CM. Ov. female, CL 4.6; Bahfa Academy, mid- littofal, 16 May 1995, C.P, Hickman and pany, CDRS 95-1 1, Ov, female, CL 4.9; Bahfa Academy, in front of CDRS, shore, 18 Aug. 1997, CDRS 97-322. Female, CL 5.9; Bahfa .Academv', shore, 1 8 Aug. 1997', C, Hickman, CDRS 97-323. 6 females. CL 3.50.1, 3 of them ov.; Isla Pinz^n (Duncan Island), shallow water, coral, 15 Feb. 1933. Velero III sta. SO-33. USNM cat. no. 237434. Description, Rostmm (Fig. 5A-C) with 6-7 dorsal teeth, 3 of them usually on carapace proper, and 1-3 (usually 2) ventral teeth, reaching at least to second segment of antennular peduncle. Carapace (Fig, .5A,B) With large antennal spine, either no pterygosiomian spine or extremeiy small one. Pleura of first and second aixfomina] somites rounded, pleura of third somite angular, pleura of fourth somite with posterolateral point, pleura of fifth somite w ith posterolateral tooth, sixth somite with blunt tooth-like areas flanking inser- tion of uropod(Fig.5A),Te]son(Bg, 5D) with 2, rarely 3, pair dorsolateral spines {sometimes not bilaterally symn>etrical), pointed apex, 2 pairs terminal spines, lateraJ pair short and mesial pair long; and long setae. Eye darkly pigmented, rounded. Stylocerite as long as or longer than first segment of antennular peduncle (Fig, 5B, C), Frst segment long- est of segments of antennular peduncle, with tufE of spi miles on distal margin. Distal margins of second and third segments also with spinules. Accessory branch of outer flageilum of anteniiule with 3-6 free articles (usually 5} and 10-11 fused articles. Basioerite with small spine on ventrodistal margin (rarely absent), Scaphocerite 4X long as wdde. Spine of scaphocerite longer than blade, blade with rectangular distal margin and exceeding rostrum and antennular peduncle. Ragella of both antennae at lease as long as body, Mouthf^ns as figured (Fig, 7), Third maxillificd {Fg 7 A) about as long as scaphocerite. with exopod and epipod; exopod reaching past midlength of antepenul- timate segment. Antepenultimate segment about 3X as long as penultimate segment. Ultimate segment 2-3X length of penultimate segment, setose and ending in sharp claw -I ike spines. Third maxillipcd slightly over- reaching scaphocerite. Rrst to fourth pereopods (Fig. 6 A-D) writh epipods, Rrst pereopod (Fig. 6A) chelate, not as long as third maxilhped. Fingers of chela 0.5X length of palm. Carpus slightly longer than paim^ mems longer than carpus, ischium without spine. Second pereopod (Fig. 6B) long and slender, chelate, with 23-2S carpal arti- cles and I0-13faintannulations in inerus. Third to fifth pereopods (Fig. 6C=E) with short, biunguiculate dact- yls, 2=3 smaller spines on flexor margin proximal to larger spines. Third pereopod larger than fourth or fifth- Propodus 4X dactyl, with 4^7 setae on flexor margin: carpus 0.7 X propodus, with 2 minute spinules on flexor margin; merus 1.5X carpus, with 3-4 ventrolateral spines; ischium about 0.3X length of merus. Fourth pereopod and fifth pereopods similar in shape to third pereoped. fourth w ith 3-4 venirolat- eral meral spines and fifth with no more than 3 ventrolaterai meial spines. First pleopod (Fig. 7G) with endopod slender and short, S econd pleopod ( R g.7F I- J) wi thappetidi x f nterna. Male with appendix masculina much longer than ap- pendix interna (Rg, 7H, I), Uropods (Fig. 5D) longer than tel son, exopod with spine on outer margin by suture. Carapace length of male and female to 6.0 mm. Color in life. Antennal flagella red. Pereopods red with w^hite band near dactyl, Carapace with red to brown transverse bands, posterior margin creamy while. Abdominal scjmhes with transverse bands of brow n and cream to pink. Dark vertical bands on first and third abdominaai somites. Second abdominal somite with dark marks along posterolateral margin, and often with mark extending toward antcrolalera] margin, producing shape of inverted Y, (Color photos of Specimens CDRS 97=322 and 97=323, Cleveland Hickntan, Jn) AMPHIPACJFICA VOL ll NO. 4. OCT, 10, 2000 11 B b-d C Fig, 5. Lysmat^ chica n* sp. Female, CL 4.4. Bahfa Academy, Galapagos Islands. A, entire animal in lateral view; B, frontal region in lateral view ; C, frontal region in dorsal view^; D, telsori and uropod. Scales = 1 mm. Range. Galapagos Islands, possibly Peru (See re- marks), Et>Tnology . The specific epithet is the Spanish word “cihica*’„ to be treated as a no^in in apposition and feminine in gender. The word means *‘Iittle one'"; in Mexico, the w ord has a connotation of cute ness. The name is given because of the small size of the shrimp. Remarks* ZA'5wwr(a chka closely resembles speci- mens of L imermedia (Klngsky, 1878) from the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean and western Atlantic. I com- pared the specimens of the new specie:^ to specimens of L. intermedia from Isla de Lobos, Gulf of Mexico. Mexico. In L chka, the third maxillipeds barely ex- ceed the scaphocerite; in L intermedia, they surpass it by nearly the length of the ultimate segment. £y.?- mata chka has more robust and shoner appendages than £, intermedia. In most specimens of £. chka. the carpus of the fi rst pereopod i s about as 3 ong as the che la; in L. intermedia, the carpus usually is longer than the chela. In L. chica, the meral spines of the third pereo- pod are in a single line extending ventrolateral 3 y, in L AMPHIPACJRCA VOL. II NO. 4. OCT, 10, 2000 12 Fig, 6, Lysmata chica n, sp. Female, CL 5,1, Isla Pmzon, Galapagos Islands. A, first pereopod; B, second pereopod; C, third pereopod; D, fourth pereopod; E, fifth pereopod. Scale = 1 mm iniermedia, there are two spines located ventral to the others on the proxirrtal half of the merus. Unfortu- nate]}', the color pattern of L, intermedia is not known and cannot be compared with the characteristic color pattern of L. chica. The si mi lari ty in size and shape of the two species strongly suggests that they are sibling species derived by vicariance from a common ancestor that ranged across the ancient Panamic Seaway. I have not been able to re-examine specimens from the Galapagos identified as L. intermedia by Sivertsen {1933) and mentioned by Abele (1975: 81); however, Sivertsen ’s illustrations closely resemble L. chica. Chace (1972) and Wicksten (!99r) included the Galapagos Islands in the range of L intermedia based on Sivertsen' s record. The specimens from Peru iden- tified as L intermedia by Wicksten and Mendez ( 19S3) may be L. chica^ but these, too, need to be re-exam- ined. Specimens reported from the Galapagos as L. californka by Wicksten (J 991) are a mixture cf L. chica and L. gracilirosrrk. Lysmata gaiapagensis Schmitt, 1924 (Fig. 4B) LySfftuta gulapagensis Schmi tE , 1 924: 1 65, fi g . 4 1 ; Hult l939:6:Holthuis 1947: 219; Abele 1975:81 ; Wicksten 1 979: 629; Wicksten 1 983 : 27 ; Hendric kx and Wic ksten 1987: 14; Hendrickx 1989: 246; Kerstitch 1989: 82, fig. 200; Wicksten 1990; 596.; Wicksten 1991:150; Wicksten and Hendrickx 1992: 7; Chace. 1997: 72, Material examined. MEXICO: Malc,CL6J. South end of Pun.(a Sabdo, Mazatltin, Sinaloa, tideptjo], 0.3-2 m, 20 March 1968 J. McCosfcer, SlOC3352. 2 fnales,CL6,8 7. 1: Same .site and dale, SIO C2629. Male, CL 5.9, Arrecifc San Lorenzo, Acapulco, Guenrero, Cad Hubbs 1946, &m. H'46- 234, LACM. PANAMA; male, CL 5.0; Bahia Honda, show, rock, 1 March 1938, Velero III sta. 861-38. GALAPAGOS ISLANDS, ECUADOR: female, CL 3.2: Isla Osborn m Bahia Gardner, Espanola Island, shore rock, 19 Dec, 1934, VelCfO Hi sta. 359-34, LACM. Female, CL 3.5, male, CL 4. ] ; Bahia Sullivan, Isla Santiago, shore, 21 Jan. 193S, 111 sla. 796-3.8, LACM. Recognition characters. Rostrum reaching or &ur- passing distal margin tf first segmenl of antennular peduncle, with 5-7 dorsal teeth, 1-2 of them on cara- pace proper, and one ventral tooth near apex; long setae on dorsal crest between posteriormost and next most posterior dorsal teeth. Carapace with prominent antennal spine, no pterygostomian spine; piety- gostomian margin obtuse, Siylocerite slightly over- reaching first segment of aiitennular peduncle. First segment of antennular peduncle with tufts of spinules on distal margin; longer than second segment; third segment shortest. Free part of accessor}' flagellum of outer antennul ar f] agel I um wi ih 5-7 art! ci es, f used part with 6- 13 articles. Basicerite w ith lateral spin-e. Base of antennal flagell um at most barely reaching end of first segment of antennular peduncle. Scaphocerite longer than antennular peduncle by nearly 0.5X of its length. AMPHIPACIHCA VOL it NO. 4, OCT. 10,2000 J3 Fig, 1, Ly&mQtu chica n. sp. Female, CL 5.1, 1 si a Pinz6n, Galapagos Islands. A, third maxilliped; B, second maxilliped; C, first itiaxilliped; D, second maxilla; E, first maxilla: F, mandible; J. second pleopod. Scales - 1 mm. G-I, male, CL 5.0, Bahia Caitago, Isla Isabela. G, first pleopod; H, second pleopod; 1, detail of appendices intema and masculina. Scales G,H, J = 1 mm; 1 = 0.2 mm. AMMPACIHCA VOL II NO. 4, OCT, 10,2000 14 spine slightly shorter than to slightly oveTreachlng blade. Third maxilliped setose, reaching beyond Ecaphocerite by about length of its ultimate segment; with e.\opod reaching about to midlength of antepenul- hmaie segment. First pereopod short and stout. Second pereopod with small chela, carpus with 17-19 seg- ments^ merus with 7-9 faint annulations, ischium with 2 faint annulations. Third pereopod larger than fourth or ilfth pereopods, dactyl biunguiculate and with 2 smaller spines on flexor margin, w ith 2-3 ventrolateral meral spines. Fourth and fifth pereopods similar to third pereopod but smaller: merus of fourth pereopod with 2-3 ventrolateral meraJ spines, merus of fifth pereopod with no more than 2 ventrolateral mera! spines. Female carapace length to 6,2 mm, male to 4.S. reddish to brown with three white marks on dorsal surface^ and blotches of white to pale pink along lateral surfaces, Abdomen mostly bro%vnish-red, with two long and one short white stripes on somites 1-4; large pale circular spot on pleuronof first somi le, Telson and uropods with white lips (Kerstitch 1989, fig, 2CX)), Habitat. Rocky area.s and among mangroves; intertidal to 10 m. Rang e. Bahj'a Magdalena. Baja California; Gulf of Cal i fomi a, south we ste mMexicotoAcapu Ico ; , PUnami ; Galapagos Islands. Type locality northeast of Eden, Isia Santa Cruz, Galapagos Islands (Schmitt 1924). Remarks. Lvsmafa galapagerisis is an easily recog- nized Species, The color in life is distinctive. The large seta between the most posterior rostral teeth is easily discernible. In Schmitt's original description (1924), no mention is made of spines on the meri of the third to fifth pereopod s, nor are they show n t n Fi g. 4 1 g . The d na w i ng may show the third from the mesial aspect. The spines are on the lateral surface, Lysmata graclUmstris Wicksten^ 2000 (Fig. SB) Lysmata caiifornica Wicksien 1991:151 (in part); (misidentificationi not Hippolysmara california^J Stimpson. 1866). Lystmiia graciiirojitris Wlckst^n^ 2000: 207, figs. 1-3, Material examined, MEXICO; Broken specimen, CL 4.2; 0['f Bahia Brailhwaite, Isla Socorro, 129-138 rn, rocks and shell, l8March 1939, Vdsmllista. 925-39, LA CM. COSTA RJCA: 2 females, CL 5. 8-6.3, neiiher of them ov.; Gulf of Papagayo, 81-86 m, 2 April 1978, Alpha Hehx . SIO cat. No. C4062, PANAMA . female, CL 4.9, off Isla Jicarita, 44 m, shelly substraie, 20 Feb. 1934, Vckro lH sia. 2411-35. USNM cal. No. 237447, GALAPAGOS ISLANDS. ECUADOR: female. CL 6-0, Tagus Cove, Isla Isabela, in roach trap, 15 Jan. 1934, Urn; vers ity of Southern Caljforrua (USC) field party, no sLalion number, USMM cat No. 237445. Female. CL 64, Black Beach, Isia Santa Maria, a-^ky shore, 1 8 Jan. 1934, use held party. Velcro 111 sia. 162-34, USNM cat. No. 237448. Rec<^njtk>n characters. Rostrum with 6 dorsal teeth. 2 of them on dorsal midline of the carapace and 4on the rostrum proper; tip bifid, 5-6 ventral teeth, reaching to or Just past end of second segment of an term uiar pedun- cle. Carapace with prominent antennal spine and smaJ I ptcrygostomian spine, Stylocerite not reaching end of first segment of aniennular peduncle, reaching end of cornea. First segment of antennuEar peduncle longest, with small splnules on distal margin. Outer flagellum with accessory flagellum fused throughout its length, fused portion consisting of 20-25 articles. Basicerite with sharp lateral spine. Thickened base of antenna about as long as first segment of anterinular [5eduncle. Scaphocerite writh spine distinctly longer than blade, overreaching antennular peduncle by at least length of last segment of antennular peduncle. Third maxilliped with exoped reaching about 0.5X length of antepenulti- maie segment. Carpus of second pereopod with 2S-3 1 articles. Third pereoptxi with slender biungujculate dactyl having 2-3 small spines on flexor margin, merus wkh ventrolateral spines. Fourth pereopod similar to third but shorter, w ith 2-3 ventrolateral meral spines; fifth pereopod shoner still, with 2 ventrolateral meral spines. Female carapace length to 6.3 mm. Color in life. Not reported. Habitat. Mostly subtidai, 0-138 m, among rocks and shells, gMgfi- Uia Socorro, Mexico to Galapagos Islands, Type local ily Gulf of Bipagayo (Wicksten, 2000). Remarks. Lysmata gracHirostris, like L. caiifornica. has the accessory branch of the inner antennular article fused and the stylocerite shorter than the ftrst segment of the antennular peduncle. However^ the pereopod.s are much more slender and elongate, the rostrum is longer, and the size much less than in L caiifornica, Lysmata nayariteTisis new species Figs 9-1 1 Lysmaia intermedia Wicksten 1983: 28 (in part); Wicksten 1 990: 596 (in part); Hendrickx and W^kksten 1992; 7 (in part). Not Hippolysmata inter media Kingsley, 1878. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL, II NO. 4, OCT. 10,2000 15 Fig- 8* A* Lysmata parteri (Rath bun). Male, CL S.7, Cumberland Bay, T^las Juan Fernandez, Chile: Bt Lysmata gracUirostris Wicksten. Female, CL 63, Gulf of Papagayo, Costa Rica; with detail of dactyl of third pereopod. Scales A, B-5 ntm; scale C= 2 niin. AMPHIPA CIRCA VOU II NO, 4, OCT. lU, 20C0 16 Mutrrial «!XMmined. HOLOH^PE: female, ov, CL 14,5; Playa Mantac-’hen, atxjuL 5 mi, SE of San Bias;, Nayarit, MeiiicAfT] 105019’ W)^ 21 Dec. 1961,1R. Pa.'cton number JRP-28-a LACM car no. 6 ] - 174 . 1 PARATYPES: female, oV., CL 14,7, same location, date and collector as holotype , LAC M. 4 1 cmales, CL 7.4-S. 9, 1 of them ov , ; Same locatioiTL, December 1961, Gary Brusca, LACM. Broken gpecirnen, CL 2 , 6 ; Canat Zone, Panama, on dry dock, 6 March 1937 , S,F- Hildebrand, USNM cal. no. 237446 . Descripijdn. Rosirum (Ftg, 9A-C) slightly shorter than, to slightly exceeding, second segment of amenndar peduncle, with prominent lateral earina, 6^ 7 dorsal teeth, (one of them on the carapace . six on the rostrum proper) and 3“6 ventral teeth; lower margin convex. Carapace (Fig, 9A-B) with anterior margin convex above sharp antennal Spine; no ptery gostomian spine j pterygostomian area bluntly rounded. First to fourth abdominal somites (Fig. 96) with margins of pleura rounded or obtuse. Pleurorii ol fifth somite with sharp distolateral point, sixth somite with points at distoventral and distoiateral angles (Fig. 9B). Telson (Fig. 9E) about 0.75X length of uropcwds, w ith 2 pairs of dorsdateml .spines, 3 pairs tcrmtnai spines and slight terminal point. Styloceriie (Fig. 9A-C) about 0.75X length of first segment of antennular peduncle, Rrst segment with few soft setae on distal surface. Second segment shoner than first segment, third shortest of all, Acces* sory branch of outer antennular flagellum completely fused with other branch or with 1-2 free anicles, fixed branch with 29^31 articles, Ragella long, reachung abdomen w hen extended, Basicerite with small ventrolateral spine, Scaphocerite longer than antennular peduncl e by about 0,25X of its length, blade and spine nearly equal in length, blade somew^hai rectangular (not tapering)^ Ragella longer than entire body. Mouthparts as figured fFjg. M). All maxiltipeds withexopods. Third maxi}nped(Fig, 1 1 A) w i thepipod. exopod less than 0.5X length of ante punuhi mate seg- ment Penultimate segment about 0.5X length of antepenultimate segment. Ultimate segment setose, about 1.3 X length of penultimate segment, with 4 tenninal claws. When e.xtended, third maxiiliped ex- ceeding length of scaphocerite by about 0.5X length of its ultimate segment. Fi rst to fourth pe r eopods (Fig . 1 OA^D) w i th epipod s. First pereopod (Rg. I OA) chelate, dactyls 0.5 X length of palm, Cpjpus about as long as palm, Merus slightly longer than carpus, its lower margin convex along proximal end. Ischium short. Second pereopod (Fig. 1 OB ) I on g and si ender. chelate . Fi ngers of che b s horte r than length of palm. Carpus w ith 22-26 articles, merus with IS- IS faint aunulations, ischium with 4-5 faint ai^nulations. Third to fifth pereopods (Fig. lOC-F) similar, but decreasing in size posteriorly. Third pereopod (Fig. IOC) with dactyl short, about 0.25X length of propodus, with 2 terminal claw sand 2 smaller spines (Fig. 10 F). Propodus with 5-7 spinules, occur- ring singly or in pairs. Carpus about the same length as propodus, with 2 minute spinules on flexor margin. Merus 3X length of i scKi um, w i th 6 ve ntrolateml spi nes . Fourth pereopod (Fig, lOD) with 5-6 ventrolateral meral spines, fifth pereopod (Fig. lOE) with 4-5 ventrolateral meral spines. Second pleopod (Fag, 9D) with appendix interna, lateral branch of uropod (Fig, 9E) with fixed tooth beside movable spine. Female carapace length to 14.7 mm. Male not known. Color in life . Not reported. Range . Playa Mantachen, Nayarit. Mexico, to Canal Zone. Panama. Etymology, fhe species is named for the state of Nayarit on the western coast of Mexico. Remarks. Lysmata nayaritensis most closely resem- bl esL, caiifomica ( S ti mpson, 1 S66) and Lysmata pf.>rtefi (Rathbun, 1907). In all three species, ihe accessory^ branch of the antennular flagellum is nearly com- pletely fused with the principal branch. How^ever, neither L, caiifbrnica nor L. porteri has a convex lower margin to the rest rum, Lysmata californka has 5-7 dorsal teeth and 2-3 ventral teeth on the rostrum: there are 2S32 (usually 27-29) carpal articles of the second pereofKxl. Lysmata califormca (carapace length IS, 2 mm) grows larger than L. nayarit ens is. Tn life, L. cafifornica is marked with longitudinal stripes and blotches of red. Lystnata porteri has massive chelae. The second pereopod has 6 dorsal and 1-2 ventral rostral teeth and 2 1-22 carpal articles. Neither species is known to occur within the range of L. nayarttensis. Lysmata p&rteri (Rathbun. l9G7i Fig. 8A Hippolystmia PorteH Rathbun, 1907: 49, pi. 3. fig. 4. HippoiySfruilap CL 14.7. Mantachen Beach, Nayarit, Mexico. A, frontal region in lateral view; B. entire animal in lateral view; C, frontal region in doraal view; D, second pleopod; E, telson and uropod. Scales = 1 mm. AMPHIPACIFSCA VOL, 11 KO. 4. OCT, la 2(XX) 18 Fi*. 10, Lysfiuita nayaritensis n, sp. Female, CL14.7, Mantachen Beach, Nayarit, A, First pereopod; B, second pereopod; C, third pereopod; D, fourth pereopod; E, fifth pereopod; F, detail of dactyl of third pereopod. Scales =1 min. 4, 2-7. 8; Bah ['a Vilkgra, 15 Dec. 1^5, depth not given, SIO C2613. 6mEiles, CL6.5-S.7; Bahia Cumberland, 0-3 m, 11 Dec. 1968, W. Baid«-in, SIO C3448. 2 rcuiales, CL 3, 7-6, 6; 5 mates, CL 6,I-1U.0 [1 carapace only, 3. 1 and fragment]; SW of Wesi Bay, 0-5 m, SCUBA, 12 Dec. 1965, B,W. Walker and party, STO C241 7. Recognition characters. Rostrum with 5-6 dorsal and 1-2 ventral teeth, slightly concave beneath. Carapace with slight lobe below orbit just above strong antennal spine, no ptery gostomian spine, pterygostomian mar- gin obtuse. Stylocerite not reaching end of first seg- mentof anten nul ar peduncl e . Fi rst seg ment of antenn u! a peduncle longest of three, with curved sptnules at distal margin; second shortest: with small spinuies on distal margin. Accessory branchof outerantennularflagellum entirely fused, fused part consisting ol' 18-19 articles. Basicerite of second antenna with minute lateral spine. Thickened base of antenna reaching beyond first seg- ment of antennuiar peduncle. Scaphocerite 3X as long as wide, w ith spine distinctly exceeding blade, longer than antennuiar peduncle by about 03X of its length. Third maxilliped with exopod reaching about to midlength of antepenLiltimate segment. First pereopod unusually robust; palm of chela 2.7X long as wide^ fixed finger and movable finger of chela each with one low tooth fi tting i nto concavity on opposi ng finger, ti ps of fingers curved. Second pereopod elongate, with small chela and 20-24 carpal articles. Third to fifth pereopods similar, third pereopod largest of these; dactyl short, curved and biunguiculate with 2 smaller spines on flexor margin, few^ spinuies on propodus. Third pereopod wiih 2-3 ventrolateral meral spines: fourth pereopod. wi th 1 -2 ; fif ih pereopod, wn ih 1 . Male carapace length to lO.O. female to 12,0 mm. Color in life. Not reported. HabilAt, Low intertidal to 12 m. rocks. RaUigeL, Chile: Bay of Valparaiso, Lota, Arauco Bay. south of Concepcldn, Tsias Juan Fernandez. Type locality Bay of Valparaiso (Rathbun, 1907>. LysmaUi (Heller, 1861 ) (Fig. 12) Hlppoiyte trisetacea Heller, 1861: 29. Hlppolysmaia paucid^ns Rathbun, 1906: 913. pf 24. fig, 4. Lymida dtiltoni Ktmp. 1914: 110. pi, 6. figs. F4, Lvivnata /JaweiJerfi' Schmitt 1939; pF 12. Lysmaia trnetacua Fldthuis 1947: 19, 65; Chacc 1962: 614; Abele 1975: 81; Wickslen 1983: 27; Wicksten 1990: 596; Chace 1997: 72 (see this refer- ence for a more complete synonymy). Material examined. MEXICQ 6 females. CL 2. 8-8,0. 3 of Them ov., 2 males, both CL 3.6, Caleri ta, Baja California Sur, shore, among corals, 23 July 1997, Ricardo Percy ra, Luis Hemiindez and parly, UBCS- 2 females, CL 4. 7-4.8, 1 of them ov,, Roca Pelicano. Cabo San Lucas. Baja California, 2^5 m, 26 July 1997, Carlos Sdnehez and party, UBCS, 3 feuiiales, CL 4.8-5. 1, all ov.. 2 males, CL 3.0-3.7, 2 frag- AMPHIPACIFICA VOL. □ STO, 4, OCT. 10,2000 19 Fig. U- Lysmatanayaritensis n.sp. FemaleXL8.5, Mantachen Beach, Nay arit A, third maxilliped; B, second raaxilliped; C, first maxilliped: D, second maxilla; E, first maxilla; F, mandi ble. Scales =1 mm . menLs, CL 3. 6-4.5, BaJifa SLlphur, Ista Clarion, and tide pools, shore, 10 June 1934, Velero III sta. 298-35, LACM. Male, CL 4.0. Bahia Braiihvvaiie Bay,lsLaScx:orro, 3 Jan, 1934. Velern TH sta. 131-34, LACM. HAWAIIAN ISLANDS: 2 IcmalEs, CL 5.0-5.4, txrth ov., frag-Tneni, CL 5.0, Pukee, Molokai, reef. USNN^ 43958. Female, CL 4.6, Honolulu, Haivaii, 1901, USNM 25410, 4 females, CL 3.7- 4,8, 3 or [hem ov., interse.x, CL 2,9, Laysan, May 1902, USNM 30981. Recognition characters. Rostrum with 3-5 dorsal ajid 1-3 ventral teeth, reaching slightly beyond end of first segmenlof antennul ar peduncl e , Carafiace w ith antennal spine, no pteiygostomian spine, pterygo-stomian area rounded, Stylocerite as tong as or longer than first segment of antennular peduncle. First segment of antennular peduncle wnth tuft of setae on distal margin. Accessory^ bmnch of outer antennularflagellum with?- AMPH3PACIF3CA VOL, II NO. 4, OCT. 10,2000 20 1 0 free articles, all wide and densely setose, and 12-17 fused articles. Basiceriie with well developed lateral spine. Scaphocerhe broad and short, 3X long as wide, spine about as long as blade, sometimes barely exceed- ing it. Third maxilltped with exopod reaching to or just shone r than antepen u3 ti mate se gmen t. Fi rst to fourth pereopods with epipods. Second {lereopod w ith 19-26 carpal articles, 12-15 meial annul ations and 3-4 faint ischial aimulaiions. Dactyls of third to fifth pereopods biunguiculate and short, with 2 spines on flexor mar- gin. Menus of third pereopod with 3^4 ventrolateral spines, fourth pereopod, with 2-3;fEfth pereopod, with at most 2 spines. Carapace length of female to8.0, male to 4.0 mm. Cdor in life. Reddish, with pattern of red lines run- ning lengthwise on carapace and faint red bands on abdomen against translucent yellowish background: without prominent dark blotches, lines or sil very spots. (Notes based on female specimen from Cabo San Lucas). Habitat. Among rock, shells, coral jnterti dal to 150 m. Range. Calerita, Cabo San Lucas, Gulf of California; Acapulco, Guerrero; Clarion and Socorro Islands, Mexico; Cllpperton Island, Malpclo Island. Colombia: Indo-Pacific region from Red Sea to Hawaiian Islands; New' Zealand. Type locality Red Sea (Heller, 1861). Remarks, In the key s gi ven by Wicksten ( 1983, 1990), the species is said to have *'I2"‘ v^entra! rostral teeth. This is a typographical error, and it should read “1-2". Key to Ihe Eastern Pactfic Specie of Lysmata 1 . Outer antennular flagellum w ith disd net accessory branch of at least 3 articles. Stylocerite at least as long as first segment of antennular peduncle, .2 Outer antennular flagellum with accessor)' branch fused or vestigial, consisting of no more than 2 free articles, Stylocerite not as long as first segment of antennular peduncle ,5, 2. Accessory branch of outer antennular flagellum free for about half of its length, general ly with 7-17 free articles. Rostmm with 3-5 dorsal teeth 3. Accessor>' branch ot' outer antennular flagellum free for less than half of its length, generally with 7 or fewer free articles, Rosnum with 5-7 dorsal teeth 4. 3. Spine of scaphocerite longer than blade, blade 4X long as wide. Lysmata arg^fUopunctata n, sp. Spine of scaphocerite about as long as blade, blade 3X long as wide ,Lysmata irL^etacea (Heller) 4. Rostrum with seta between posterior teeth on carapace. Carpus of second pereopod wdth 17-19 carpal articles . Lysmata gaiapagensis Schmitt Rostrum without setae between posterior teeth on carapace. Carpus of second pereopod with 23- 27 carx>al article Lysmata chica n.sp. 5. Carpus of second pereopod with 25 or more carpal articles. (Ranging from California, U.S.A. to central Baja California and northern Gulf of California, Mexico). , . , . 6. Carpus of second pereopod w ith less than 25 carpal articles. (Ranging from southwestern Mexico to Galapagos 1 Islands) 7. 6. Rostrum with 2^4 ventral teeth. Dactyl of third pereopod short, merus with 6-7 spines, ( Ranging from California, U.S.A- to Gulf of California) Lysmaia caUfornica (Stimpson ' Rostrum with 5-6 ventral teeth. Dactyl of third pereopod elongate, merus with 3 spines. (Ranging from Socorro Island, Mexico to Galapagos Islands) Lysmata graciUrostris Wicksten 7. Rostrum convex on lower border, with 6-7 dorsal and 3-6 (tisually 4) ventral teeth. Fingers of chela of first pereopod %vithout teeth. (Ranging from western Mexico to Panama) Lysmata nayaritmsis n, sp. Rostrum relatively straight on lower border, wnth 6 dorsal and 2 ventml teeth, Fmgers of chela of first pereopod with leeih. (Ranging from Chile to Juan Fernandez Islands) ► H . . Lysmata poneri Rathbun Literature Cited ABELE,L. G. 1975. The mac ruran decapod Crustacea of MaJpelo Island, Smithsonian Con tri b, Zod, 176: 69-85. BALSS, H. 1924. Decapoden von Juan Femandei. in: Skottsberg, C. The Natural history of Juan Femande z and Easter Island , v ol .3 ; 329-340 BRUSCA, R- C. 1980, Common intertidal inverte- brates of the Gulf of California. Uni versity of .Ariz- ona Press, Tucson, Arizona: Second edition, 513 pp. CHACE, F, A, Jr., 1 962. The non-brachy uran decapod crustaceans of Clipperton Island. Proc, U, S. Nat. AMPHIPACIRCA VOL. I] NO, 4, OCT. 10, 2000 21 trisetacea (HeJler’N Female, CL 5.5, Calerita^ Baja California, Mexico, Scale = I mm. Mm, 113 (34660): 605- 635, CFL\CE, F. A. Jr, 1972, The shrimps of the Smithson- ian- Bred! n Caribbean Expeditions with a summarj^ of the West Indian shallow- whaler species (Crust- acea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contrib Zooi.98: 1-179. CHACE, F, A. Jr 1997. The caridean shrimps (Crust- acea: Decapoda) of the Alhairosji Philippine Ex- pedition, 1907-1910, Part?: Families Atyidae, Eu- gonatonotidae. Rhynchocinctidae, Bathypalemon- el I idae, Proce s sidae, and Hippo! y tidae , Smi thsoni an Contrib, Zoot. 587: 1406. CHACE, F. A. Jr. and D. P, ABBOTT 1980. Caridea: the shrimps. In Morris. R. H., D. P. Abbon and E. C. Haderlie. eds. Intertidal invertebrates of California. Stanford: Stanford University Press, p. 567-576. DEBELIUS, H, 1984. Armored knights ot^ the sea. Essen; Alfred Kemen Verlag. 120 pp. HELLER. C. )S61. Synopsis der im rothen Meere- vorkommenden Crustacecn, Verbandlungen der Kaiserlichkdnigjichen Zoologisch-botanisch Ge- sellschaft in Wien 11: 3-32. HEN'DRJCKX, M, E. 1989, On a small collection of caridean shrimp (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Barra de Navidad coastal lagoon, Jalisco, Mexico. Anal. Inst, Cienc. Mar. LimnoL, Universidad Nat- ional Aut6noma de Mexico IS{\): 245-24S, HENDRICKX, M. E., and M. K. WICKSTEN 1987, Studies of the coastal marine fauna of southern Sinaloa. VIIL Additional report on the caridean crustaceans, Annal, Inst, Cienc. Mar. LimnoL, Universidad National Aut6nomade Mexico 14 ( 1): 13-30, HOLMES, S, J. 1900, Synopsis of California stalk- eyed Crustacea, Occ. Papers Calif. Acad, Sci, ser, 2, 4: 563-588. HOLTHUISt L, B, 1947^ TheHippolylidacand Rhyn- chocinetidae collected by the Siboga and Snellius AMPHIPACIFICA VOL. II MO, 4, OCT. 10.2000 22 Expediiions whh remarks on other species. The Decapods cf the Siboga Expedition. Part IX. Sib- oga Expedliic Vfon.39a: 1-100. HOLTHUIS, L.B, 1952. The Crustacea Decapods Macrura of Chile. Reports ot^ the Lund University Chile Expedition 194S'49, Lunds Utiiversitets XrsskrifL N.F. avd. 2, 47, (10): 109 pp. HUT..T. J. 1939. Crustacea Decaptxia from the Gala- pagos Islands collected by Mr. Rdf Blomberg. Ark. Zoo\. 30A(5): 1-18. JENSEN, G* C. 1995. Pacific coast crabs and shrimps. Sea Challengers, Monterey, California. 87 pp, KEMP, S* 1914, Notes on Cmstacea Decapoda in the Indian Museum. V. Hippdytidae. Rec, Indian Mus. 10, 2 (4): 81-129. KERSTITCB, A. 1989. Sea of Cortez marine inverte- brates. Sea Challengers, Monterey, California. 1 14 pp. KINGSLEY J.S. IS7S. Notes on the North .American Caridea in the Museum of the Peabody Academy of Science at Salem, Massachusetts. Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 187S: 89-98. LIMBALIGH, C. I%1. Cleaning symbiosb. ScL Am. 205{2): 42-^9, PORTER. C. E. 1937. Sobrealgimos Efecapodos raros o poco conocidos. Carcindogia Chiiena XXVI. Re vista Chiiena Hist. Nat. 40i 252-259. RATHBLN, M. J. 1904. Decapod crustaceans of the north w est coast of North Ameri ca. Harrlman- Alas ka Expedition 10; 3-210. RATHBL.N, M. J. 1906. T he Braehyura and Macrura of the Hawaiian Islands. Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm, 23(3): 827-930. RATHBLN, M, J. 1907. South American Crustacea. Revista Chiiena Hist, Nat. 11: 45-50. RATHBUN, M. J. 1910. The stalk-eyed Crustacea of Peru ard the adjacent coast. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 38:531-620, RICKETTS. E, F., J, CALVIN, J. HEDGPETH and D.W. PHUXIPS. 1985. Between Pacific tides. Stan- ford L'ni versity Press, Stanford^ California. Fifth edition, 652 pp. SCHMITT, W. 1921. The marine decapod Crustacea of California. Uni V. Calif. Publ. Zod. 23: 1^70. SCHMITT, W. 1924. Tlie Macrura and Anomura collected by Williams Galapagos Expedition, 1923. ZooIogicaS: 161-17L SCHMITT, W.L. 1939. Decapod and other Crustacea collected on the presidential cruise of 1938. Smith- sonian Inst. Misc, Coll, 98(6): 1-29. SrV’ERTSEN, E. 1933. The Norwegian Zoological Expedition to the Galapagos Islands 1925, con- ducted by Alf W'ollebaek. VU. Littoral Crustacea Decapexia from the Galapagos Islands. Medd. Zool. Mus., Oslo 38: L23, STANDING, J, D. 1981. Occurrences of shrimps (Nat- anti a; Penaetdea and! Caridea) in central California and Oregon, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 94(3): 774-786. STLMPSON, W. 1 866. Descriptions of new genera and species of macrurous Crustacea from the coasts of North America. Proc, Chicago Acad. Sci. 12: 46- 48, WICKSTEN, M, K. 1979. Zoogeographical affinities of the broken back shrimp (Caridea: Hippolvi- idae) of western South America. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Marine Biogeogra phy and Evolution in the Southern Hemi .sphere. Auckland. New Zealand, 17-20 July, 1978. New Zealand DSIR Information Series 137, 2: p. 627- 635. WICKSTEN- M.K. 1983. A monograph on the shal low water caridean shrimps of the Gulf of Califor- nia, Mexico. Allan Hancock Monogr, Mar. Biol. 13: 1-59. WICKSTEN, M.K. 1990. Key to the hi ppolytid shrimp of the eastern Pacific Ocean. U.S. Rsh. Bull. 88: 587-598. WICKSTEN, M,K. I99L Caridean and stenopodid shrimp of the Galapagos Islands. In James- M, J. ed, Galapagos Marine Invertebrates. New York: Ple- num Publishing, p. 147-156. WICKSTEN, M.K, 1996. Decapod crustaceans and pycnogonids of Rocas Alijos. In Schmieder^ R, W. ed, Rocas Alijos, Etolrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer .Academic Publishers, p. 285-293. WICKSTE.N, M.K, 2000, A new species of Lysimia (Caridea: Hippolyildae) from the eastern F^dflc. Crustaccana 73:207’213. W ICKSTEN, M. K. and M, E, HENDRICKX. 1992 Checklist of penaeoid and caridean shrimps(I>eca- poda: Penaeoidea, Caridea) from the Eastern Trop- ical Pacific. Proc. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 9: 1-1 1. WICKSTEN. M.K, and M, MfJ^’DEZ. 19S3, Nuevos registros de camarones carideos en el PerO, Bol- etin de lima 25: 75-89. AMPHIPACIHCA VOL, JI NO. 4 , OCT.- 10. 2000 23 THE AMPHIPOD FAMILY MELITIDAE ON THE PACIFIC COAST OF NORTH AMERICA: PART H. THE MAERA ^ CERABOCUS COMPLEX. T. Krapp-SchickH^ & N. E* Jarrett^ ABSTRACT Inlhe North .American Pacific coastal mari re region, from Alaska lO' Baja California, species of Me litidae (Hadzioidea) belonging to the Maera-Cercidocus complex were studied and the following genera Lreated: Matra Leach (sensu sinctoj. Quadrimaem Krapp ^ Ruffo, Luphn^^m Barnard, Afimm^ra Thomas & Barnard, and Mtiero (sensu laio). Within .Viaeza sensu siricto, aM. dana^ - clade L^’-'dh jV/. danae (Stimpson), M.fusai (Bate), M. faveni (Bmzelius) and A#, rtelsonae n. sp.] as well as aMa^ra • clade M. similix Siout, M, bouspeMf n. sp., and M.jerrica n, sp.] could be found and a key Gonstnicied forall members. One probable new species (only one young female) belongs to the still unravelled group of Mnera species sensu laio, around M, raJhbufUJt Pcarse, bui full description aw^aits fimhcrmateriaL The genus ^feximaera Barnard is w ithdraw n and Meximaera di^ffidemia returned to Maem (sensu lalo) di^dentkt Barnard, with Maera carolitiiana Bynum & Fox as junior synoiiym. Within Quadrimaers Krapp & Ruffo w‘e cc^utd rccogni?e a r^ishi * clade [wfr/i Quadritmera reishi (Barnard) nov. comb., Q. chinami (Barnard) my. comb, and Q. carlo n. sp.] we provisionally attribute the former Maera vigoia Barnard, The large genus Eia.ymopiii needs revision as it is undoubted! v not monophyleiic; at the moment we describe only some matcri ai wi th ( more than one) species of EJaximpiis prope a/itentiaius (Stou £). Wi Lhi n gen us CemdOi uA we found only Ceradocus spinicauda (Holmes) in the study region. The former C loreiti (Goes) here becomes the type ot Wimvadocus n. gen. and the former C^radocus Stephensen is transfemtd to genus .\fegacerado€iis Mukai . INTRODL'CTION In 1977 Bousfield revised the old Ganirnaiiclae by establishing a superfamily Gammaroidea with Gammarus - Hke frei?hwater inhabitants, and a superfamily Melitoidea (now Hadzioidea) consisting cf the family Mel itidae containing mainly marine iWe/- ka- and i\faera - like genera (wdlh distinct inner lobes on their louder lips), and the family Hadziidae cewn- posed of brackish and fresh water species (lacking these inner lobes). Barnard & Barnard (1983) still discussed groups w ithin the^Gammaroids^', without giving them unam- biguous scientific names. Thus, on p, 137 they desert be the Hadzioids (Melitoids) with '‘Hadziids^’ containing *‘the Meliia group", disunguish a '‘greater Ceradfjcits group", which contains "The Ceradocus group’’ with AfieiasmoptiS. Elo-^mopfjides, Paraweekelia from the complex of genera around Ceradocus , Elasmopus and Maera , Jarre It & Bousfield ( 1996) presented a detailed revi- sion of the genus Melka (with about 60 species then known) based on material from the North American Pacific coast. The present study deals with species belonging to Maera (with about 80 species known at the moment) and Ceradocus (about 25 nominal spe- cies) from the same region. The genus Ceradocu. lus outer margin, inner margin exca- vate or with humps (Fig. 1). This result led to the decl si on to erect a separate genus Quadrimnera for a quarter of all extant Maera sensu lato &|^cies, after defining the characters Maera sensu stricto Leach (see I?Gapp- Schickel & Ruffo 2000). The character of more than one setae on the outer margin of Gn2 dactyl us also divides the genus l^iph- argus into tw^o groups, and within the Melita group jt is present (to varying degree) in all other genera, while absent i n Me Uta s , str. It woul d be \ nterest j ng to know the function of these setae. Scanning electron pictures of the mouth part- bundle of Maera sensu snicto, and Qttadrifrmera species, reveal thatinAfa^ra species the mandible corpus is short and stout, art 1 ismedlolaterally inserted* and the articulation of art] and art2 h an angled knee, thus directing the palps toward each other (Fig. 1 above right). Ventral to this “knee" is a more or less developed tooth, that probably stabilises the ar* ticulation. In Quadrimaera the mandible corpus is lengthened at the insertion of the palp (Fig, 1 above left), the palp continues this protuberance in a linear fachion, and all articulations are straight .This may be connected with the different biotopes and different feeding habits of the two genera; Quadrmaera species are inhabitants of rocky intertidal habi tats and probably feed on al gae or thel r e pi ph ytes^ w hi I e Maera are found in sandy- muddy regions of less turbulent water and should be filler feeders. Another synapomorphy of Quadrimaera seemed to be the "spur" on the outer margin of the peraeopod dactyli. But in this paper we will present Pacific members of Maera sensu stricto w^hich also po,ssess so- called "bifid" peraeopod dactyli. Ledoyer described Maera mulrLspinosa (19B2, p. 530-531. fig. 199) from Madagascar with bifid daciylt and the character is reported from Maera (sensu lato) ascemionis K, H. Barnard, J932 p. 214 fig. 132 = Maera atlafnica Maleus & Mateus, 1986, p, 158 fig. 21-23, found in the Central Atlantic, The figures illus- trating Maera grossimana in Karaman-Ruffo 1971 show a serration on the outer margin of peraeopod dactyli; the step in developing a bifid dactyl us [ortrifld, as in fRdera vintf/s (Haswelh 1879)] does not seem large. This character could have developed indepeiKiently in many groups; it is present in animals living in shallow and rocky biotopes, and could be connected with grasping ability* Maem group For comparison of genera belonging to or near the Maera group see Barnard ^ Barnard (19S3; 139). NORTH PACIFIC GENERA OF THE MAEUA GROUP Diagnosis: Eyes rounded, oval or renifomi. Md palp art 1 distally rounded, obliquely lengthened or toothed; art 3 slender (versus falciform In Eimrrtopiis ), shorter, equal or longer than an2, Mxl inner plate a slender lobe (vs. triangularly widened in CeradcK:.u^ )•, Mx2 inner plate on inner margin only distally scarcely beset with setae (vs. strongly setose on w^hole inner margin in CeradiHJus ), Gnathopod 1 not sexually dimorphic (vs. dimorphic in Meiita group), Gnathopod 2 subchelate, dactylus with 1 or with many setae on outer margin. Peraeopod 5-7 dactyls simple or bifid. Uropewi 3 aequiramous, outer ramus article 2 rudimentary or lacking, (see key to genera, p. 2S). Maem L^each (sensu stricto) Maera Leach, 1814: 403; 432 {Cancer grasiyimanm Montagu, 1808). Diagnosis: Eyes oval to renifomi (vs, round in maera ) . A 1 acc .flag < 0.5 1 ength of fl age! S um (vs. >0,5 in Quadrimaera ). Md palp art 1 distally obliquely lengthened* often pointed and toothed, (vs. rounded in Quadrimaera ), art3<- art2. Gn2 propodus paJm ob- lique, palmar comer defined, about 120-150* (vs. 90'" in Quadrimaera, I80^=undefinedin Krapp- Schickel, 2000). Gn2 dactylus on outer margin beset (continued on p, 29) AMPHIPAQHCA VOL. II ISfO. 4, OCT,- 10, 2000 27 Fig, 2. Maeru cf, danae (Stimpsort). Male 1 2mm, Montague Island, MacLeod Harbor, Gulf of Alaska. AMPHIPACinCA VOL. II NO. 4. OCT. '10. 2000 2S KEY TO NORTH PACIFIC GENERA OF THE MAERA GROUP L Gn2 dactyl us many setae on outer margirii paJ mar comer ca 120® Mei^ra sensustricto Gn2 dactylus only one seta on outer margin 2 2. Gn2propodus male iemale, quadrangular, pal mar comer 90^' Quadrimaera Gn2 propoduslarge^ wide, not as above - * ■ * - ^ ■ .3 3. U3 rami shortened, 1.5 times longer than wide, not much longer than i^eduncle; AK2 flagellum reduced * - - Lupimaera U3 rami about 2-3 times pedunck-kngth. 4. Body pubescent; Epl,2,3 posterodistalEy serrate, propodus Gn2:Gnl male = 6-7, {jn2 asymmetrical Atmmafrra Body smooth ; Ep I X3 poskrodi stal I y w it h upward-curved tooth ; propodus Gii2 ; Gn 1 mal e about 3:2. ^ . .Maera (sensu lato) KEY TO NORTH PACIFIC SPECIES OF MAERA (SENSU STRICTO) E Ratio propodus Gn2:Gnl <2; U3 mtio ramus:pedunck >2; T lobes laterall y rounded, distal! y each without or with small subdistal notch and one spine; Md palp art3>art2 . ^ ^ .\^aera dancie clade Ratio propodus Gn2:Gnl >2; Gn2 basis swollen; V3 ratio ramus: peduncle <2; T lobes laterally straight, distally each with clear distal incision and one jpine sitting in inclsiom a second one on outer margin subdisially; Md palp art3 subequal to art2 .............. .^faera simiUs clade . 5. Gn2 propodus palmar comer with prominent strong spine .... * 3- Gn2 propodus palmar comer wuthout prominent spine 4. P5-7 basis pcisleroventrally with sharp angk; Ep3 posterovenirally also with ca 90^ comer; spine in tel sonic notch small M. neisonae n. sp, (p. 34) P5-7 basis posterovenirally without corner, harmonically rounded; Ep3 posterovemrally with up- ward curving tooth; spine in telsonic notch strong, surpassing telsonk tip M. iaveni (p. 34) 4* Telson di&tally without or with minute notch, without distal spine: P5-7 basis posterodi stall y wid- ened but not lengthened; Cxi anterior corner rounded.; Ul reaching end of peduncle U3 . . . . M*fusca (p. 32) T subdistally with small notch and clear distal poinl+ no distal spine; P5-7 basis posterodis tally only slightly widened; Cxi anteriorly pointed; Ul surpassing end of peduncle U3 . ... danae (p. 30) 5. Gn2 male, palm S-shaped curv ed and defined by looth- shaped elevation, but no incision; telson spines both about half length of telsonic lobe M. bfmsfieidi n. sp. (p. 40) Gn2 male, palm with incision * 6. 6. Telson, distal spine > half of T length; Cxi anterlodistally rounded: Gn2 palmar comer harmoni caliy rounded, no defining tooth M. simiUs (p, 38) T distal spine < half of T length; Cxi anterod is tally pointed; Gn2 palmar comer with defining tooth - M.jerrtca n.sp. (p. 40) AMPHIPACIFlCAVOL.il NO. 4, OCT,- 10, 2000 29 KEY TO ALL SPECIES OF MAERA SENSU STRICTO WORLD-WIDE L Gn2 dactyl us outer margjn with 4-5 setae, propod us hind margin shorter than palm: species may NOT belong to sen&u stricto M* tinkerensis {8-9mm) Gn2 dactylus outer margin with many setae; propodus of hind margin slonger than palm .... . 2. 5 . 3* P5-7 basis linear and very elongate M* i&nera ( lOmm) P5-7 basis widened and rounded 4^ 2. Eyes absent. Eyes present 4. Gn2 palmar corner with about 90®: head antero-inferiorly produced into long and acute tooth . , . . M. edt^^ardsi ( 1 2,5rttm) Cjn2 palmar comer scarcely developed; head without tooth defining subantennal sinus , . M* anocuUits (6.5mm) 5, Telson lobes V-shaped incised, with spine sitting in incision 6. T with 3 spines and tmore than one notch; Gnl pi mar comer with . . . M. pochytelson (7-Emin) 6* P5-7 dactyl i bifid; Gnl mak, basis bottle -shaped swdlen J/. similis clade (see key above) P5-7 dactyli simple .1, 7- U3 rami very elongate, > twice the length of peduncle M* dan^m clade (see key ) U3 rami shorter than 2x peduncle length .8. S. P5-7, dactyl > half length of propod, basis proximal I y widened, distall y veiy narrow, hind margin nearly straight, no posierodistaJ lobe A/, sodalis 0 L5m) P5-7 dactyli ^ half length of propodi ,9, 9. Ep3 inferior margin serrated; P5-7 basis hind margin rounded, small posterodistal lobe present, eyes rounded h M. schieckei (6mm) Ep3 inferior margin snuxjth; P5-7 basis Otherwise, lacking postero-distal lobe; eyes reniform .... 10. 10. Gn2 maJc> plm with V-shaped incision Af. hirondeUei {9mni) Gnl male, palm without incision grosnmum (9-10 mm) 11. Telson with 3 spines and more than one notch; Gnl palmar corner square 4 . 4 4 - .... 4 .... 4 Jf- pochytehon (7-8 mm) Teison with<3 spines, with one or no notch; Gnl palmar coner obsiuse or absent 12» 12. P5-7 basis linear and very elongate; Gnl plmar comer ornate, with prominent spine; teison with notch or spine(s); eyes occasionally weakly pigmented M* ioveni ( 19 mm) P5-7 basis widened; Gnl palmar comer without prominent spine; teison without notch or spnes, eyes normally pigmented * . . , jl/./Mjea(14mm) beset wuth many setae; never excavated on inner mar- gin. FG-7 dactyli simple or bifid. U3 with long and slim or short rami, at least outer ramus distal !y trunc- ate, not pointed (vs. lanceolate and pointed in Othn- maera ). Teison deeply cleft. MAERA DANAE - CLADE As species of this group have extremely small (but constant) morphological differences, we revised very caneftJlly the cdleciions at the USNM ami CMNC, comparing North Atlantic with North Pacific material and studying the various descriptions. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL, II NO. 4, OCT.'lO, 2000 30 We recognize a panarctie species, probably Masra Jti/aiitrand revalidate Maera found partly in the north, but reaching further south and seemingly eco- logicaily differentiated (from sponges or living on worms). Maera lovmi was found also in the North Atlantic^ Arctic, and North Pacific, and a quite similar new species is defined from California. Dia^osis: Eyes oval to reniform. A1 acc.flag < 0.5 length of flagellum, Md palp art 1 distall y obliquely lengthened, or pointed, arl3 -0,6-0.75 length of art2, Gn2 propodus in both sexes not much widened, palm oblique^ palmar comer wdl defined, about 120-150“. Gn2 dactyl us with many setae on outer margin; P3-7 dactyli simple {vs, bifid in Maera ^imiHs - ciade), U3 with long and narrow^ rami (vs. shon and truncate in Maera grossimana , the type species), l:b >4, distal spi nes short, Tel son I Dbe& distal 1 y enti re or notched , 0-1 robust spines distally, Maera danae (Stlmpson, 1SS3) Lepiothoe danae Stimpson. 1853: 46, p3, 3, fig, 32 Moera danae Bate 1862: 190, pi. 34. fig.6 Maera dame Holmes 1905: 525, pi 12* fig. 2; Shoe- maker, 1955: 55; Bousfidd 1973: 222, p],X>fig. 1, 1 Maera priomchira spec, dubia Briiggen* 1907:230, f1gK5-7:Gurjanova 1951: 738. fig. 527 (cites Bitiggen); S tephen sen 1 93S42 t 3 1 0-3 1 3 , fig. 39 (ci te s BrOggen) , Taxonomic comments;: Stimpson described his Leptothoe danae thoroughly, but gave only a sketchy illustration. His type came from Grand Manan, Bay of Fundy* (New Brunswick); about 23mm long , had a uniform bright flesh colour, small subreniform eyes, acc. flag = 1'3 flagellum; A2art4=5, and his figure of P5‘7 shows an etongate, scarcely broadened basis. W'hile the type was taken from the Lammaria zone (patches of sandy bottom with numerous weedy rocks), the presumed young appeared in less deep regions in (he Coralline zone. Shortly after him. Bate ( 1862) transferred Lepiothoe to the genus Moera and redescribed the (?same) ani- mals, With another quite sketchy figure. The essential difference is the indication of the length, which Bate gives as 0,7 Inches (about 18 mm). Two years later, Bate ( 1864) treated N-Pacific mate- rial from Esquimau Harbour, Vancouver Island, and recognized Maera fusca (from a sponge at 1 9m depth): he gave a very poor description, with no length and no figures. Stehbing (1888: 277, and 1906: 440) gave an overview of the literature. Holmes (1904: 239) cited .W, dubia from Pqx>f Island, Alaska (under rocks on the shore), and he also agreed in differenEiating (1905; 525, pi. 12 (a photo- g raph ) ] Maera dar\ae from Has iport , Mai m . Shoemaker ( 1955) studied material f rt:jm Point Bar- row , Alaska, and gave a synopsis to the literature. Bousfield (1973) gave a detailed figure of Maera danae (female 22mm) and summarized the distribution as North Atlantic Ocean, from the Gulf of St. Law- rence, Nova Scotia and Gulf of Maine to New^ Jersey. It is impossible to decide with certainty w hether or not Maera danae may be synonyous with 1 Maera prhnochira spec, dubia Briiggen, 1907, from Spitz- bergen and Barents Sea. The very detailed description deals with a badly preserved and partly anomalous animal of 1 5mm, Gurjanova cites the same material and reprints the illustraEions of Briiggen (1951: 75S, fig. 527) as does Stephensen (1935,42 :3 10-3 13, fig. 39) who could not check the so-called Gn2 female on type -mate rial. Briiggen's text tell s about flagella w ith 17-27 articles and a richer material from the collections of the Zooi. Inst. Acad. USSR from the Kara-, Chukchi and Bering Seas. Gujjanova ( 1 95 L p. 759) re ports M. prianochira from 6 m depth in the Barents Sea, South Spitzbergen, and Briiggen (1907) and Stephensen (1935- 42: 313) from 9 m. The Smithsonian collection con tains Atlantic mate- rial of Maera danae (Stimpson, 1853) from the type region and at a depth 50-74 m from Massachusetts ( I femaleov, ]3mmUSNM 135CJ96. 1 male 12mm, USNM 135095)and New Jersey (ca I5juv,). Although Shoe- maker ( 1955) reports on 1 8mm specimens from the .Atlantic that were deposited in the Smithsonian collec- tion, we could not find them. The specEmens from Massachusetts are much smaller than described for the type or by Bousfield (1973); otherwise there are no essential differences and the Massachusetts material matches perf ectly with that from Point Barrow or from the Arctic Bay in the North Pacific. Bryazgin (1997: 99) reports Maera prtanochira from SE Barents sea. 2-50m, w ithout further details. Maera cf. danae (Fig. 2) Material examined; GULF OF ALASKA: CMNC 1999-0019, Montague Island, MacLeod Harbor (59"53’N, |47"46^W), Gulf ot Alaska, Pacific Ocean; cei- grass, gravel, coH. E.L. Bousfield Sm. 1961-123, 13 July 1961 - ] male 12mm, partly in alcohol, partly mourted as slide. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL. II NO, 4, OCT.-lO, 2000 31 Fig, 3, Maerafmca (Bate) Male 14mm, Vancouver Island, B.C. AMPHiPACIRCA VOL II NO. 4, OCT,- 10, 2000 32 CMNC ! 999-0020, Controller Bay. Kayak Entrance (59^59’ N, 144^22' W) kelp, boulders, muddy gravel coll. EL Bousfidd Stn. 1961-123, 27 June, 1961 - 1 fe-male 14,5mm, habitus -i- one side legs in alcohol, rest mounted. US NM 29 1 386, Saldovia Bay , Cooks I nlet , Gul f of A laska , July 22 1899, W, L Ritter, Dept. ZooL, Liniv. Caliomia - ca. 30 spec, 8-lOinm. ARCTIC: USNM 291387, off Point Barrow, 1 10 m, gravel , stones, Arctic Research Lab., MacGiniiie coM., 9/ 1/1949 - 4 spec. , 12-14 mm. USNM 29 1 388, off Pomt Barrow- base, 4 miles out,ca gravel (smallKoSm, MacGiniitecoIL, Anciic Res. LaL, 10/ I4i'l949- 1 male 16mm, I juv, female 14mm, 4 spec, 1 0mm. USNM 291389, off Point Barrow base. 3,2 miles out, mud, gravel, stones, few small u^ks, ca 54m, MacGinitie coll, Arctic Research Laboratory, 2/1 S/SO - 4 spec. 8- L2mm. Diagnosis (after f^cific mateTial): female ov. 14-14.5 mm- Body smooth; eyes oval, Md palp art 1 distal ly acutely lengthened. aj-t3: art2;= 0.7; Md molar large.; Cxi anterodistal corner acutely produced; GnI dactyl outer margin with many setae; Gn2 not much different sexually, dactyl on outer margin w jth mariy setae; palm wed defined by prominent tooth, not preceded by a special incision; P5-7 dactyls sample, but with addi- tional spine on the inner margin (Bousfield 1973 Indi- cated PST dactyls ‘"bidentatc at tip"’, which could be mistaken for the bifid dactylus shape of Qumirmaera: he probably meant the short spine sitting posterodist- ally of the nail); basis posteriorly not lengthened to lobe . hi ndmargi ni mmediatel y w i deni n gatpostcrodi sta! end with comer of 90^120^ (less calcified than main part of basis, therefore often less easily seen): basis ratio width : length about 1:2; propodus P7 with 0-2 spines posteriorly. Ep23 distoposterior comer with upwards curved tooth; U 1 ,2 both ending at about the same level . usually surpassing peduiKle U3; U3 rami subequal , > 2 length of peduncle, > 4 times as long as wide, distally and laterally densely spinosc (spines about as long as rami width). Tehon pointed disially, on distoin tenor end of each lobe a more or less deep indentation, with single spines and setae. Distribution: Alaska. Remarks; The rami of uropod 3 seem to be somewhat unequal in subadults, but normally subequal in fully adults. The distal spine on tel sonic lobes [seeBoiisfield (1973: pi. X fig-l). or BrtSggen (1907: fig. 5-7). re- peated in Gurjanova (1951: 759 fig. 527), as well as in Stephensen ( 1935-42: 31 2. fig, 39)1 can be lost, but ihe incision, interior and distal to the tip, is always clearly visible. Maera/usca (Bate, 1864) (Fig, 3) Moera fiisca Bate, 1 864: 667 Maeradubia Caiman, 189^^:269, pL 32, fig. 3 ; Holmes 1904: 239; 190S: 539. Typelocality: Esq uimaltHarbour, Vancouverl si and (Nonh Pacific Ocean). Material Examined: CMNC 1999-0016, Vancouver Island. British Co- lumbia.JosephineF- L Carl coll., 19 July, 1955- imale 14 mm (Neotypek in alcohol, partly mounted on slide , CMNC 1999-0017, Gonzales Point, Victoria, Vancou^'cr L C48"25^N, 123M8’ W), Josephine EL, Carl colJ., 14 Apnl, 1941 - I f emale 13 mm (Neoparatype), in alcohol, slide ml. Additional material examined; ARCTIC; USNM 291390, Point Barrow Base, washcdastiore, 8-32- 35'49 - I specimen, 17 mm f# 31feo. BRITISH COLUMBIA: CMNC 1999-0016; Bazan Ba\, N- Saanich, Vancouver I., (48^58’ N. 123®24'W), Josephine EL. Carl col L, 19 July, 1955- 1 mate l2rTmi.slide monnt. USKM 291391, Massel, Queen Charlotte ids.. 27-28 June. 1946 - ImaJe ITium, 1 iuv. female ]6nnm,3 spec. 14- 12 mm. WASHINGTON; USNM 291392 ,6 specimens, lO-l Jmm, Bfown I, 8-3- 1940 Linder rocks, commensal w'iih lube worms, USNM 291393 3 specimens 9mm; 1 specimen 8mm; 2 specimens 6mm., Brown L,Siin Jnan ids., coli. R. FGr7iaJd.4 Aug.. 1948, USNNf 291394, Friday Harbor - 1 spjccimcn lOmcn. US N M 29 13 95, Cu I vers Ptii nl, Fn day Harbor. L, Holthm s collr, 22 July, 1952 - 1 female ow 13mm; 1 specimen 12.5 mm. USNM 29B96, Pacific BioL Lab., 24'TL 101/365- I Hpecimen (broken), USNM 291397, “Minnesota reef’, San Juan Islands, bed- ded On muddy sand underside rocks, about midtide„ 16/7/ 1950 - 8 specimens 6-9mm. USNM 291398, Old man's farm. San Juan Islands, high intertidal, under rocks, Petemick coll., 30/7/1950 - 1 male 15mm. USNM 291399, Minnesota Reef, San Juan Ids., under Slones among weeds.. 28/7/1950 - 2 males 15mm, 6 juv. Diagnosis: Very close to M. damie , distinguished by; habi tijs robust* body more strongl y cal cified and gree n- brown colour that is often retained even in alcohol (specific mme means dark; Bate noticed the brown colour also in his original description); Md palp art 1 distally obliquely lengthened, art 3 about half of art 2. AMPHI PACIFICA VOL, II NO. 4, OCT.-ia 2000 33 Fig. 4. Maeraloveni {Bruzelius). Female Alaska AMPHIPACIRCA VOLIl NO. 4, OCT. 10. 2000 34 Cxi aniercxiistfll comer less acute; Gu2 in both sexes broader, palm less oNique; PS7 basis hind margin distal I y imniediately widened, distciposterior comer strongiy developed; U3 rami relatively narrower; telson lobes distal ly entire, distal point scarcely developed. Distribution: North Pacific from Point Barrow (1 specimen w^ashed ashore) to Washington. Ecology: with sponges or tube -building worms, under rocks from intertidal to among seaweeds at 1 0 fathoms, ca 18m, Maera loveni (Bruzelius, 1859) (Fig. 4) Gammaru.'i loveni Bruzelius, 1859: 59, t,2> fig- 9 Moerahveni Bate 1862: 193t.35fig. liOldevig 1917; 36; Stephensen 1913; 194 Ma^rakmni Norman i86S;416t. 2KfigJ 1, 12; Sars 1895: 5i9, 1. 182 f.2; Stebbing 1906: 438; Shoemaker 1 930: H 6 ; S te phe nsen 1 927; 1 1 4; 1 940: 311; Gurjanova 1951; 757-758, fig. 526. Type locality; Boh us! (Skagerrak, North Atlantic) 73-1 10m. Material examined: WASHINGTON: CMNC 1999-0)22; Lopez, 1., R.l. Smith co]l.. 23 Aug., 1955 - 1 female lOrnTin, in alcolwil, piinly mounled on 2 slides, USNM 291400, Pu^CL Sound, soft, fine mud -i- aigae, J. L, Mohr coll. ,18 Aug. 1948 - 1 specimen 23mm, 1 specimen 18mm. NORTH ATLANTIC; USNM :9140U Alb^iiress Sm. 2506, off Nova Scoiia, Gulf of St. La wrence, I specimen 28mm. USNM 291402, Prince Edward Island (Gulf St. Lawrence ), 23 Nov., 1925 - I specimen 28mm. Diagnosis: Body length 18-35 mm, Md palp art 3 obliquely produced, art 3 = 0.75 art 2. Gn2 palmar margin writh teeth and spines, with one strong spine directly sitting upon Gn2 palmar comer (diagnostic); P5-7 basts narrow, hind margin not rounded; tel son distal I y excavated, inner comer shorter than outer, a robust distal spine sitting in the excavation. Distribution: Kristiansund, N . Norway (Boeck 1S7 1 ); Troms® (Stephensen 1940); Greenland (Hansen ISSS), Spitz bergen (Goes 1866); Koster Island, Gullmar Fjord in Skagerrak. W^est Sweden (Bnizelius 1859), Kattegat (Meinert 1S77), Scotland (Norman 1866); Gulf of St. Lawrence, Nova Scotia (Shoemaker 1930); SE Barents sea (Bryazgm 1997). Ecoiogjn Depth from 20-300 m,. on clay, sand and shells (Bryazgin 1997), Biology : Ovigerijus females in August and September (Bryazgin 1997; 99), Remarks: There are three chaiacters, most helpful to determine this species, w^hjeh are repeated in literature; Bmzelius (1859) described in his text {p. 59, third paragraph from below) and figured the typical spine on top of the palmar defining tooth in Gn2 (l 2, fig.9a and 91), repeated then in Sars (1895: pi. 182, fig. 2), cf. figure 4 here; the other is the exircmely elongate shape of P5-7 basi s infemale ( see habi t us draw i n g i n Bruze I i us and Sars, joc. cit., fig. 4 here) and the telsonic lobes with inner edge of Encision clearly shoner than outer one (Bmzelius l 2. fig. 9n; Sars pi. 182 fig. 2t, cf. fig. 4 here), Maera lenera Sars, 1895 is incompletely de- scribed and figured witha habitus which is very similar to M, ioveni , but P5-7 basis is still more linear. This 10mm species from 763m depth was never reponed again, Maem ndaonae n, sp. Maera loverti Barnard 1962; 103, fig. 19. Type locality: Monterey, California, Material examined: USNM 291403. US Fish commission, SDcamer Alba- tross, S ta. 45B . Moriierey Bay, C A , 75- 1 08 in , 26 May , 1 904 - female ov, 1 4 mm ,m alcohol (Holotype) Barnard (1969a: 6) derines the Etxialiiy as a “eold-tcmpcraic region" Mugu Canyon, sk 4851 (32) f34“n3-N, 119^06^ W), 192in, bottom of fine green sand, 7 Febmaiy, 1957- male 15mm (Paratype). Deposited at Scripps trsi.. La Jolla (published and figured in Barnard 1962:103, fig. 19), Additional! material examined: USNM 291404 Benng Sea, i male 37mm, 1 femaie 35mm. 1 damaged specimen. Diagnosis: Species very' close to M, hveni , M.ju.Hca and M. danae^ distinguished mainly by: Eyes reniform, but indistinct (SEke M. kveni, vs, well developed, oval in M, fusca and M* dame ); A 1 . 2, peduncles thin, flagellum A 1 = peduncle (vs. shorter in M.fusca ); Md palp art 1 di stall y lengthened to looih. art 3: art2 = 0 8. Gnl.Z proptxJus with well developed palmar corner, propodus widening distad ( vs. not widened in A/. fusca ), palmar corner with prominent tooth like M, hveni , but without strong spine directly on palmar comer (spine diagnostic for M ioveniX but spines AMPHIPACIRCA VOL. II NO, 4, OCT,' 10. 2000 3 5 Fig. 5, Maera similis Stout. Female 6.5TTini, Cape Beale V.L, B.C. AMPHIPACIFJCA VOL. II NO, 4, OCT. IO, 2000 36 before and after tooth-tjp. P5-7 basis hb =: about 2, P7 hind margin widened^ rounded; tel son with small notch distal I y (vs, entire in M/wsca or incised in A/, hveni). Descriptions Female 15 mrn* ov, 14 rnm. Ep2-3 posteroventral comer produced to upwardly curved tooth (not visible in Bamard^s figure of male), A1 = > 1/2 body length, peduncle art 1< art2, art 1 with 4-5 spines and many setae on ventral margin, flagellum = peduncle, with 25-27 arts, acc. flagellum l.'4 of flagell urn length, with up to S arts. A2 > 1/2 A I, peduncle an 4> art 5 . gland oone 2'3 of art3, flagell urn setose, with up to 10 articles. Upper lip and epistome like those described for '"Li?i^iiimaemothonides’'by Pirlot (1934)(A'/£jera sen- su lalo othonides ), i.e. much more protruding than in Af, loveni . Md palp art I distointerior comer length- ened to acute tooth (vs. obliquely lengthened in ,Vf. loveni ), arts 3: art2=0,S. art. 2 with ca 7 long setae and many shorter ones, art . 3 with shorter medial setae, long ones distal I y. Cxi ante rcH ventral comer produced. Gn I basis with long setae on posterior margin; carpus without any incision dorsal I y; propodus palm delimited by a dis- ti net bl unt comer, no sped a] promi nent s pi ne on palmar comer; propodus rather large, pakm obliquely curved; carpus clearly > propodus, dactyl us with many setae on outer margin. Gn2 basis anterior margi n with 4 groups of long setae, (in hypcradults only a distal group), posterior margin with many bug setae; propodus broadly subtrapezoidaL palmar margin S-cur\ ed (diag- nostic!) and beset wurh many short spines, with excava- tion disialty; palm delimited by a triangular tooth In both sexes, on inner side of tooth a short, robust spine on half(h>peradult) or 2'3 (female ov ) distance be- tween excavation and tip of tooth; on outer margin, next to tip of this defi ning tooth, a pair of strong spi nes, one inserted on inner, one on outer side of the propodus (identical in types and hyperadults); dactylus inner margin smooth, outer margin with many setae. P3-7 dacty f us simple, nail building a “pincette" with a curved spine silting on distal inner margin of dactyl us (like in all Maera species sensu stricto). P3-4 similar in sha|>e, weak. P5-7 basis narrowly ovato-rectangular, l:b >2 in male =2, in female and hyperadults, without postero-dislally lengthened lobe, posterior margin nearly straight in male, rounded in femaJe, postero- distal corner in male angular, tn female rounded, P6, 7, basis similar in shape to P5, but wider, postero- distal comer of merus P5-7 with very short setae; P6.7 propodus posterior margin without setae, U3 rami l;b>5, distally truncated, with many splries about as long as, or some w^ hat longer than, width of ro mi, no art 2 of outer ramus. Tel son somewhat longer than broad, lobes distaJly scarcely incised on outer margin next to distal tip (U-shaped small excavation in hyperadulis), with a short spine sitting in the incision^ dlstolaterally some short setae. Female with 6 eggs, oostegites very slim. In the hyperadult specimens A 1 does not surpass half of body length, Gn2 propodus dactylus matches palm perfectly, distal incision on telson is deeper, inner comer of telsonic incision not much shorter than outer one (vs. clearly shorter in A^. hveni ), U3 rami are i ,5 times as long as P7 propodi. Etymology: Dedicated with gratitude to Elizabeth Harristm-Nelson, faithful and highly valued assistant of Jeiry^ BamaFd,and is the only remaining staff mem- ber no w i n the Crustacea Department of the S mi thsoni an concerned with amphipods. Already in Jerry's time - and still now - she is always willing to help, and thinking how to make people happy by solving so many visitor's problems. Dislributiont Bering Sea^ California. Ecology: l37-ca 200m (California). Remarks: In this difficult group of morphologically extremely similar animals, ecology is a useful adtli- tional character. The present specimens from deep w'aters surely cannot belong to the intertidal , robust M. fiisca^ to w'hich it is most similar. The shape ot' P5-7 basis in the male, figured by Barnard (1962: 103, fig. 19), shows a much more angular hind margin than found in the present animals. Otherwise they match petfectly, especially the female, found in a very-^ similar locality, MAERA SiMlUS - CL.ADE Diagnosis; Body smooth, Eyes reniform (vs. Quiidru/mera). A 1 accessory flagell urn < 0,5 length of flageHum (vs. > 0,5 in Quadrimiiera ). Scarciy length- ened Md palp art L art 3 s an 2 (less rcdiK^d than in A/flera sensu stricto, about 0.85-0.9, or equal; vs, arL3>ait2 in Qu half length of rami . T with 1 strong spine (about half length of T) and another on the outer margin of each lobe (length similar or longer). Description: A I acc. Hag. about half length of flagellum; peduncle an 1 shoner art 2. Md palp artl obliquely lengthened distally, an 3 < art2. Cx 1 pro- duced to acute comer anterodi stall y. Gn2 palm oblique (corner ca 120'"), in male and fe- male smooth until prominent defining tooth. P3-7 dactyls bifid, ca 1/2 propodus length; P5-7 basis w ith postero-dista] lobe developed, about as wide as deep, basis l;b much > 2, U3 rami truncate di stall y, spines > half length of rami. T deeply cleft, each lobe di^tally incised, with 1 strong spine sitting there (about half length of T) and anotheron the outer margin of each lobe (similar length or longer). Etymologj': With this epithet wt express our grati curie for the chance to complete the description of this material, collected partly personally by Ed Bousfield during extensive marine biological surveys of the Pa- cific northwest. 1955-1980, and already well prepared w^hen he retired temporarily from science, Thank you, Ed for having Joined us again! Distributioii: British Columbia. N-Pacific. Mmra jerrica n. sp. (Hgs, 7, S) Maera imequipes Barnard, 1954: 16-18, pi, 16,17. Type locality: Little E>aykoo L, SE .Alaska, North Pacific, Materia) examined: CMHC 1999-0014, Little Daykoo I ., SE Alaska, E, L. Bousfield coM.. 31 May. 1961 - male I2mm (H^lutype), in □Jcohol, parti \ mounted on slide. CMNC 1 9s>9-0014 ribid . - female ov. lOmm (Paratype), in alcohol, partly mounted on slide. .Additional material examined: BRITISH COLUMBIA (E L Bousfield eoli.): CMNC 1999-0013, HinksT., lOJuly, 1964-itiaic IQmm, sn alcohol partly mounted on slide. CMNC 1999-0027, Ibid. - male 7.5mm, female ov. 10.5mm, in alcohof partly mounted on slide. CMNC 1999-0015. Long Beach, Vancouv er Island - fe- male ov. 7.5 mm, in alcohol, partly mounted on slide, CMNC 1999-0026. Trevor Channel, David Island, 21 July. 1970 - female or. 9,5 mm, in alcohol, panly mounted on slide. NORTHEASTERN PACIRC REGIONAL: CMNC 1999-0018. Skidegate Channel, Queen Charlotte Islands, B. C., C, M. Fraser coll, 17 Jun. 1935 - I male 12 mm. in alcohol, partly mounted on slide. WASHINGTON: CMNC 1999-0025, Mukkaw Bay, Washing um, E. .L. BotisHeld coll.. 31 July. 1966 - male 12 mm. in alcohol, partly mounted on slide. CALIFORNIA; US N M 291 4 1 9, Santa Monica, Clark coll. - S inal es 9- 1 2 mm, I female ov. 12 nim> 2 male.'? , 1 female 10mm. USNM 291420, locality?,acc. Nr, 154967- 1 male 9mm, 1 female ov. 12tnm. AMPHIPACIHCA VOL IT NO, 4. OCT 10. 2000 41 Fig. 8. Maera cf* jerrica n. sp, Male 8-9mm, Hinks h, B.C AMPHIPACIHCA VOL I] NO. 4„ OCT.^lO, 2000 42 Comparison of three species of Maera sensu stricto in the North Pacfici Character M. slmilti M. jenica M. bousfieidi Length 4-7 mm 10-14 mm 9 -12 mm Cxi anterior angle rounded acute very acute Gn2 male, palmar angle cal200 >150^ cal2J0O Gn2 male, palm 2 humps 1 U-shaped smooth with ' 2 excavations excavadon defining tooth Gn2 female similar to male smooth* with smooth, whth defining tooth defining tooth P5-7, basis widened and lobed stout* l:b<2 elongate, l:b<;2 U3 distal spines long* >1. '2 length short, < 1/2 length > length of 1 '2 of rami of rami ramt Telson distal spine clearly > 1/2 clearly < 1/2 = 1/2 length length of telson length of telson of telson iTelson additional shorter than < distal one same length or lateral spine distal one longer than distal one USNM 29142 1^ Camne] Pcnnt, Hancock coll., 48-1-6, 30- 31 Dec,. 1963 - 1 male 9 mm, 1 female 11 imm. 2juv. USKM 291422, La Jolla, Scripps imi., near pier, m kelp holdfasLii ^vajshed! up on beach after storm, Olga Hartman colt,, 4 Mar, 1938 - 1 male 12 mm, 1 female. USKM 291423, La Jolla, Scripps Inst., Waldo Schmin coil , JiJne> 1935 - + 30 males , females 10-12 mm. Diagnosisi Length 10- Hmm; peduncle art 1 150*), in male with one subquadrate hump in the middle and one L'- shaped excavation proximal ly: in female, smooth until prominent defin- ing tooth. U3 rami spines ca. half length of rami, Telson with I strong spine (about half length of T) and another on the outer margi n of each lobe ( I e nglh similar, slightly shorter). Description; A1 acc. flag, about half length of flag- ellum; peduncle art 1 clearly shorter art 2, Mdpalpanl obliquely lengthened distally, art 3 < arl2. Coxa 1 moderately produced to blunt comer anterodis tally. Gn2 male, carpus with one deep dorsal impression; palm scarcely oblique (comer > 150*), often asymmetncal; In male with 1 subquadrate hump in the middle and one U-shaped excavation proximal I y; Gn2 of femak smooth up to prominent defining tooth. P3-7daclyls bifid, in adult specimens shorter than L 2 propodus length: P5-7 basis with posterodistal lobe developed, wider than deep, basis l:b < 2. U3 rami truncate distally, spines ca half length of rami. T deeply cleft, each lobe distally incised, with I strong spine sitting there (about haJf length of T) and another on the outer margi n of each I obe ( si mi lar length or scarcely shorter). Etymology : Jerry Barnard described and figured this species in one his very first ppers. With this dedica- tion, TKS wants to remember his patient interest in the problems of a young amphipodologist when meeting him in Schlitz (Germany) or Verona (Italy) and his open doors in his Smithsonian lab as well as his home near W'ashington on later occasions. Dktribution; From SE-Alaska^ British Columbia, Washington to Oregon. Ecology: Barnard (1954:18) reports on 50 specimens collected inierti dally at Cape Arago, Oregon, and one female dredged at 35 miles west of Depoe Bay at 1 09- I35m depth, which could ha ve been washed aw ay from the coast. Remarks: The smaller material from Hinks Islimd (Fig. 8) Is similar* but differences such as Cxi anterior comer or largeness of eyes should be proven with larger series of material. iH.AERA SPECIES (senfu lato) h is impossible to study all (approximately SO) known species of the forme r ge nus at the same time, Krapp-Schickel (2000) defined the genus Othomaera, but all the Southern Atlantic and Indian species must wait for detailed checking (and hopefully grouping). It may seem very- unsati sfactory * but at the moment there seems no other solution than to leave them in the mixed pool of '*A4aera sensu lato’L AMPHIPACIFICA VOL U HO, 4. OCT, 10, 2000 43 Fig. 9* Maera sp. (sensu lato) {tu. raihburme Pearse), Female 5 mm. Marsh Pt.. SE Alaska. AMPHIPACIHCA VOL. ri ISr0.4. OCT/IO, 2000 44 female with immature oostegites. which does not seem to belong to any described ctade of this region. As we do not know-^ the morphology of the male^ we can only offer the following figure with a preliminary deserip^ tioii and wait for further materiaL Maem sp. s«risu lato (nr. ralkbutme Pearse, 1908), (Fig. 9) Material examined: CMNC 1999-0024, Marsh Pt., Pn nee of Wales I., Alaska, E, L. BoiL^field coll., 1 June, |9f>l - \ femafe jiiv%, 5,0 mm, ]ti alcohol, panly mounted on slide. Description: A1 acc. flag, half length of flagellum. Eyes oval. Md palp art I rounded, art 3 clearly < art2. very poor setatlon. Cxi anterodistally produced to tooth. Gn 1 carpus not notched. Gn2 propodus widened distally, palm oblique, well defined by wide palmar excavation and prominent defining tooth; palm with proximal U- shaped excavati on :dactylus with 1 seta on outer margin, inner margin smooth, Peraeopod dactyli simple, basis P5 rectangularly widened, no postero distal lobe, but 90“ comer; P6 with small Icjbe, poster- ior margin rounded, P7 lobe well developed, posterior margin regularly rounded, propodus strongly widened, Ep 1-3 fH^aterodistally with small tooth, lengthening from Epl to Ep3; U3 rami distally truncate, spines > half length of rami. Tel son smalL broader than long, deeply cleft, lobes distally emarginaie, with one short, robust spine and a plumose seta, and 1 -2 plumose setae on outer margin of each lobe. Remarks on the Maera rathburme - cladei This species could belong to an Atlantic clade with i\4iiera ra:hhuna.e f^earse, 1908 (p. 29-30. fig. 3; 13mm, ct‘, also Ruffoetal. 2000: 27-29. fig. 14) known only from Florida. Maeropsis perrieri Chevreux. 3919: 9-10, Chevreux ( 1 927: 1 04- 1 05. p] . IX, fig, 1 - 19) i NAV M- rica, 9- 12m depth), and i^faera excava^a Mateus & Mateus, 1986: 148 150. fig, 30-15. All have Al acc. flageiJuin about half length of flagellum (shorter in Maera .sensu stricto, longer in QHadrj^ttocra ). Md palp art 3 c art 2 (like sMaera ). Gn2 propodus with oblique, well defined palm, dactyl us outer margin with I seta, P3-7 dactyli simple, PS-T articles strong and broad- ened. U3 rami truncate and spinose distally (U3 of M. excavata is obviously immature). All have a deeply cleft and distally emarginate telson with only one long apical spine. Their ecologicaJ distribution is from greater depth and not intertidal |Af. raihbunae was described from l75-220m (in Ruftb et al. 2000. depth is erroneously measured in feet and not fathoms); Maerop: art2. Mxp palp dactyl us = art 4 short, not unguiform. Eyes reniform, A 1 acc. flag, very short. Coxa 1 anteaxlistally rounded. Gn2 palm corner scarce- ly defined, about 150-160®; dactyl us wnth I seta on outer margin. Peraeopod dactyli simple. U3 distally truncate, clearly visible art2 on outer ramus. Telson deeply cleft, with 2-3 spines on outer margins, distally AMPHIPACinCA VOL, JI NO. 4, OCT/10. 2000 45 Fig, 10 , Quadrimaera carla n. sp. Female 6.5mm, Queen Charloue Is., Houston Stewart Channel, B.C, AMPHIPACIFICA VOL. II NO. 4, OCT.'IO, 200f.> 46 deeply cleft, with 2-3 spines on outer margins, distal I y emarginate,! long spine on outer comer. 1 short in excavation. Barnard ( 1969b; 209) opines that this spe- cies might be a derivative of the Maera line with an unusual shape ctf Mxp palp aji4. Distribution: Baja Cal ifomia (tropical Pacifa c) to North Carolina (Atlantic Ocean ) k Ecolc^i Rocky intertidal to 24ni in the offshore is- lands. Remarks; Bynum & Fox (1977) referred to two abun- dant species from North Carol i na ; besa des M diffideraia was also found wil/iamsi , here given in syn- onymy with Am/mera hixoni Thomas & Barnard. 19B5 (p, 197-293, fig. 4-7). As dte first was also found along the Mexican coast of the North Pacific, it seems reasonable to expect a similar range extension for the now defined A^fni 2 era wiIJiafnsi (Bynum & Fox, 1977, nov. comb.), LUPIW.4FRA BARNARD & KARAMAN Lupimaera Barnard & Karaman, 19S2; 174 Lupimaera lupana (Barnardt 1969) f^ta^ralupmn Barnard, 1969a: 122, fig. 20, Lupimaera lupana. Barnard & Karaman 19S2: 174; Barnard & Bamani 1983: 625-626. Type iDcaJily; Goleta, C.aiifomia (on rhizomes of Mocrocy^tis pyrifera , 3m)- Distribution! C^alifomia, Ecology! It seems extremely well adapted to a life in the interstitium (cf, similar reduction in Stenoihae). Remarks! This is a quite aberrant small species with very short AI, rounded Cxi, ovoid propod us Gn2, stout, broadened basis on P5-7 and short, bifid dactyl i, and strikingly reduced appendices on urosonie, all beset with very short spines. QUADRIMAEUA KRAPP-SCHICKEL & RUFFO Quadrimaera Krapp- Schickel & Ruffo, 2900: inpre^s. Diagnosis: Eyes round. Al acc.flag > 0.5 length of flagellum. Md palp art I distally rounded, art3 equal or longer art2. Gn2 propodus in both sexes subquadrately widened, plmar corner 90'^. Gn2 dactyl us on outer margin 1 seta; often excavated on inner margin. P5-7 dactyli usually bifid (exception only Q, vtgota ). L3 distal sfunes usually > 1/2 length of rami. Tel son distally incised, spinose. For key to species see Krapp-Schickei & Ruffo ( 2000 ). QVADRIMAERA REiSHl^ CLADE Quadrimaera reishi (Barnard^ 1979) nov* comb. Maera reishi Barnard, 1 979: 83-86, fig, 45-47 (parti m) Type locality: Isla Espiritu Santo, Gulf of California, algae on rocks, 03 - Im. Material examined; MEXICO: USNNl 142568, San Gabriel Bay, Isla Espiritu Santo. Baja Calijornda, intertidal, 28 Nov,, 1971 - male (Holutype) USNM 142569, San Gabnel Bay, Isla Espiritu Santo, Baja Califomia, iiuertida], 28. Nov., 1971 - I specimen, CALIFORNIA: USNM 152j' 7S6 165 5, Venice, S. California, coll. W, Schmitt - 1 male. I female , 1 jnv. GALAPAGOS: USNM 142320 (260778) - 2 males, 1 female. 2 luv.; USNM 142571, Isla Santa Cruz, Academy Ba\, inter- tidal, coll. & det. J. L Barnard, 16/02/1962 - 2 s^iecimen.'i. USNNt 142572 Isla Santa Cmz, between T ortuga and Academy Bay, 7-10 m. - 3 miile, 1 female. Diagnosis; Length 5-5.5mni. Cephalic anteroventral comer narrow- -elongate, Md pal p art3 > art2 . G n2 has i s large and spinose, propodus slightly expanded distaily, palm transverse, defined by large tooth, palm with deeo V-shaped incision, dactyl us not excavated, but with acclivity on inner margin, P5-7 basis narrow, ovatorectangular, posterodislal corner angular, P3-7 dactyl i bifid . Ep 1 -3 poste rodistal I y w i th tooth, ventral I y spinose. U3 distally truncate, heavily spinose, tiny artZ on outer rarnus; inner ramus 4/5 length of outer. T deeply cleft, lobes apical ly obliquely truncate, with 4 Jong spines subequal or longer T length. Distribution: Southern California to Galapagc^^ Ecology: 0.3-10 m, algae on rocks, Quadrimaera ckirtarra (Barnard) nov. comb. Maera chinarra Barnard, 1979, p, 86-87. fig, 29. Type locality; Cabo San Lucas. Baja California, North Pacific, intertidal. Material examined: MEXICO; USNM 142556, Baja California, 7 miles E. Cabo San Lucas, intertidal, J. L, Barnard coll,, 4 Dec. 197] - male (Holotype). USNM 142560, IM. - 1 juv., 142557.ihiji. - 1 female; 342558, IhuL- I spec.; 142561, Ibid. ■ 1 male; 142562, Ibid. - 3 spec.; 142563. Ibid. - 2 spec.; 142564. Ibid. . - 4 spec.; 142559. Ibid. - 1 female. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL II NO, 4, OCT, ^10. 2000 47 Fig. 11 , 7Quadrimaera vigota (Barnard, no v comb.). Male S.5mTn, Marsh Pi, SE Alaska AMPHIPACIHCA VOL, II NO. A. OCT.-lO, 2000 4S OALAPAGC^: USNM 142218, I si a Santa Cmz. Academy Bay, intEr- tnkl, J. L Barnard oolK, 16/02/'l%2 - 3ma]es, 1 female, 2 juv. ind, USNM 141219, Tow er Island, Darwin Bay, rtM;ks, I m, j. L Barnard coll,, 27/01/1964, - 11 males, 9 females +jiiv, USNM 142566, Tow-er Island, Darwin Bay, J. U Barnard coll., 29 Jan,, 1964 - 4 specimens; USNM 142567, Ibnl - 2 specimens. USNM 1 42565 ^ Isla Santa Cruz, Academy Bay, J. L, Barnard ocutl,, 20 Feb., 1962 - 4 specimens. Diagnosis; Length 3.5-4mm. Ciephalic antero ventral corner with obsolescent sharp cusp. Md palp art3 < art2, Gn2 propodus not expanded distal iy, palm trans- verse, defined by medium tooth, palm with 1 deep U- shaped incision in male, smooth in female, dactyl with large inner acclivity in male, absent in female or juv. P>7 basis narrow, ovatorectangular, posterodlstal cor- ner angular. P3-7 dactyli bifid, Epl-3 posterodlstal I y w ith tooth, ventral I y spinose. U3 rami broader than in Q. reiski, a pi cal ]y truncate and spinose, inner ramus 3/4 length of outer one. Teison deeply cleft, lobes apically concave, with 3-4 long spines, some longer than tel son. Distribution; Mexico to Galapagos Ecology; Intertidal, 0 ’I m. Quadrimofra carlo n. sp* (Hg. 10) Maera reis^u Barnard, 1979; 83, fig. 45-46 partim Mci£ra htaequipes Barnard & Re ish, 1959: 25»26,f!g. 5; Barnard 1969a: I2J. Type locality: Queen Charlotte Islands, B, C., Hou- ston Stewart Channel, 52"09’N, 13r07'W, Material Examined: BRITISH COLUMBIA. CMNC 1999-9023, Queen Charlotte Inlands, B, C., Hou- ston Stewart Channel. Queen Charlotte Islands, scallop dredge, shcEII, 15- 18m, C. McLean Fmscir coll., 22 July 1935 - male 6,5mm (Holotype), slide mount. CMNC 1999-0023 {LfeuiJ ■ female 6mm (Paratype), slide mount, CMNC 1999-0023 iim.) (Acq. 1955-107} - 1 mate 6mm, I female 5.7mm, 1 ?scx 5.7mm, in alcohol, 1 slide. CMNC 19994X123 (1M-) - male 5mm, CALIFORNIA: USNM 291424, Venice, souihem California, ct.4t. W, L. Schmin coll, - 2 males, 4 females, 3 jiiv. USNM 291424, Utail, A- HancoL^k sample t042-40 (sub A/, hmequipes dei. Barnard} - 3 males . 3 females. Diagnosis. One of 3 species of Qiiodrifnaera known from the norlhem and central I^cific east coast, disti n- guished by: anteroventral cephalic comer pointed [ obsd escent i n inarra { Barnard , 1 979) ] ; A2 gland cone reaching 2/3 of ail3 (vs. overreaching ait3 in Q. reishi ); Md art2 - art 3 (vs. art2 >art3 in Q. ch.): Gn2 pa! m U -shaped to su bq uadrate incisi on i n mal e , s mooth m female* (vs. V-shaped Incision in Q. r.), palmar corner clearly defined by prominent tooth (vs, blunt right angle or short tooth in 0- dactylus inner margin proximally thiickened (vs. smooth Q. r): P7 basis hind margin lobed and posterodistal corner rounded (vs. straight, comer right angled at Q. l); T each lobe obliquely truncate (vs. excavate in Qu. cTi.) dlstally, with 4 (vs. 3 in Q. ch,) strong distal spines shorter than T itself (vs. as long as T in (2- '"■i £?- ^ Tel son distomarginafly wnth 1 robust spine, similar to the distal ones (vs, no spine laterally^ but plumose seta in Q. ck as well as Q. r.). Description; Male 5-6,5 mm. Ep2-3 postero- ventral corner acutely produced* ventral margin with 3 and 4 spines respectively. A1 = > 1/2 bcidy length, ratio of arts 1:2:3 of peduncle = 2:23: I, art 1 with 3 spines and many setae on ventral margin* flagellum distinctly shorter than peduncle, with up to 19 arts, acc. flagellum > half of flagellum length, with up to 8 arts. A2 = 3/4 Al, ratio of arts 4:5 of peduncle = 1.4:1, gland cone 23 of art3, flagellum very setose, with up to 9 arts. Md palp art 1 distointerior comer rounded, arts 2-3 subequal in length* art 2 with ca 7 long setae and 3-4 shorter ones, art 3 w ith a group of shorter medial setae, 3^ distally; Mxl narrow^ Mx2 outer plate distinctly wider than inner one. Cxi antero-ventraJ corner rounded, not or scarcely produced. Gnl basis with 3 groups of long setae on posterior nrargin: carpus with incision dorsal ly; propodus palm delimited by a row' of 5-6 inner spines, no special prominent spine on palmar comer; propodus rather large, palm oblique; carpus dearly > propodus. Gn2 in holoEype asymmetrical, basis anterior margin with 6 spines, the distal spines not stronger than the medio- proximal ones, posterior margin with a few long setae; propr:>dus broadly subreciangular, palmar margin w ith one U-shaped to subquadmte excavation; palm delim- ited by a short, triangular tooth, with a proximal inner spine; dactylus inner margin proximaliy thickened, w ith a right angle near proximal end of palmar excava- tion. P3-7 dactylus with bifid nail. R3^ similar In shape, AMPHIPAaFlCA VOL II NO 4, OCT,‘[0, 2000 49 DifTerences in 3 sibling Quadrimaera species (Q. reiski ^.clade) of Northern and central Pacific East-coast. Q, reishi Q. chifuirm Q. caria Length 4.5-5.5min 2.5-4mm 5.5-6, 5nnm AnterQventral cephalic corner acuLc obsolescent acute A 2 gland cone overreaching art3 1 l/2airt3 reaching 2B of an? Md palp an>3 aii2>3 art2=3 Gn2 palmar corner prom inent acute tooth uioih lacking or short, not much prtjrnmenL pfLimincTii triaiiigiiliir tooth Gn2 palm narrow V-inc. wide U-int:ision wide U-inc3sion Gn2dactyt inner margin smooth proxi malty thickened pmximaUy thickened P7 basis posteror margin straight broadened rounded P7 basis postero- distal corner right angle short lobe round lobe Telson dlstally without tooth on corners truncate with tooth on inner and outer comer excavated, with tooth cun outer end, obliquely truncate T distomarglnally 1-2 plumose setae 2 plumose setae 1 robust seta, some limes 3 plumose seta basis wiih 2 long setae and some short spines on posierior margin, and with a row of short spines on anterior margin. P5 basis narrow- ly ovat'Orectangular^ with marked posterodistal rounded lobe, posterior margin feebly convex, nearly smooth, with few- short setae,, propodus without setae on posterior margin, P6 basi s similar in shape to P5^ but wider, posterior margin scarcely convex, in P7 basis clearly widened and regu- larly rounded on posterior mar^n; postero-distal cor- ner of merus PS-? with short setae, not reaching 1/2 carpal length; R5,7 propodus posterior margin with a media! tuft of setae not reaching end of propodus. IJ3 stout, rami broad and flat, distal ly truncated, with numerous spines, inner ramus clearly shorter than outer, art 2 of outer ramus rudimentary, barely visible in berw'een the spines. Telson about as broad as long, lobes not distally incised, but truncate, with acutely produced distoexterior comer, and 4 distal spines in- creasing in length from inner to outer side, the longest still shorter than telsoti, distolaterally with 1 strong spine of the same structure !ike the distal ones, and 2 shorl subdistai simple setae. Female (ov.) 6 mm. Similar to male, Gn2 shorter than in male, excavation of the palmar margin absent. Oostegiles very slim. Etymologj': We wrish to honour the late ‘*Babs” Carl (Josephine EL. Hart, wife of G.C.Carl. former director of the Royal British Columbia Museum), who contrib- uted enormously to knowledge of malacostracan crus- taceans of the Pacific coast of Canada, The specific name reminds also of the type locality in the Queen Charlotte Islands, the French diminutive of the Latin name Caria, Dbtribulion; It seems that this new^ species has the noitbemmo&T distribution within this genus. The type comes from British Columbia and additional material AMPHJPACIHCA VOL. ll NO, 4, OCT 10, 2000 50 from Californian coasts, while Quadj-i?7Uiera reishi reaches from the Galapagos to southern California, and Q. chinarra is known from Baja California, the Cali- fornian Gulf and the Galapagos Islands, Ecology: Depth range 27-33m. Sand, shell fragments, on pilings (Barnard & Reish 1959, see remarks). In Arrmrouciu/n sp., in Macrocystis holdfasts at 3m, in tunicate and polychaete lubes, with Sphedospongia sp., Phragmaiopoma ^nd PhyUospadU -ccmUmc (Bar- nard 196%; 12 L 122). Remarks: Maera reishi Barnard, 1979 (p. 83 parts m discussion on C-alifomian material) could well be this species: the typ material cf reL'ihi shows an extremely narrow S^-shapd excavation like in fig. 46 G 2, while *'vG2o” could be the present new^ spcies. Also Maera imiequipe!<: Barnard & Reish, 1959 (p. 25, 26. fig. 5 concerning Newport, California) matches the present description wdh Maera reishi Berents, 1983 (p. 129 fig. 23 nec Barnard, 1979) from Australia seems quite similar to the present new species, but Gn2 of the male i s also e xcavated si mi I arl y ( buy smooth in the ne w species ) and the telson has a prominent tooth on disto- interior corner. The taxonomic status of this material should to be checked in more detaih ? Quadrimaera vigota (Barnard)^ nov- comb. (Fig. 11) Miieravlgoia Barnard ^ 1969a; 125-125. fig. 21. Type locality: Cayucos, central California, 5-6 Janu- ary 1962, J. L. Barnard coll., on cobbles buried under small boulders. Material examined: CM NC Collections, Marsh Pt-,SE Alaska- I maleS 5rrinv U3NM 12S433 Type -series, type locality and date' - 1 fe- male ov. 7.5mm, 1 male 7Trim, 2 juv., mEiJe ^min, 4 juv. US MM 291426 Carmel Point, central California, Allan Hancock foundation Sta. 48'H*4, 303 1 Dec., 1963 - 1 ft- miiJe ov. 7.5mm. Diagnosis: A I acc. flag, > 0,5 flagellum like other Quadrifmiera, but eyes reniform. Md ptilp an 1 distal I y rounded, art! = art3. Upper lip thickened (“'Lingui- maera''-like). Basis of Gnl,2, P3,4 posteriorly unusu- ally densely setose; Gn 1 carpus anteriorly not notched; Gn2 propodi, asymmetrical, otherwise sexually not different; not as subquadrate as topical for genus, but rectangular w i th paral lei ante rior and posteri or margin ; palmar incision not in the middle of the palm, but right at the beginning, near dactyl us insertion; dactylus w-ith 1 seta on outer margin. P5-7 dactyl i simple {only exception in genus). U3 rami truncate, many distal spines longer than half legih of mmi : outer ramus w ith minute an2- Telson, outer margin of lobes subdisialJy notched, where 1 single strong spine is inserted (length about the same as T length). Colour: pink. Distribution; Gulf of Alaska to central California. Ecology : Abundant on buried cobbles, on sponges and mni cates; intertidal. Remarks: Our figures match well the one given in Barnard (1969a; 125, fig, 21), except for the much stouter and shorter U3 gi ve n for the Calif omi an mal e of 9mm compared with the 8.5mm male from S-Alaska. where U3 rami are clearly longer than double wndth. But in the Californian ty-pe series, determined by Bar- nard, this U3 shape varies depending on age. Barnard (1970, p. 147- ISO, fig. 90,91) discusses the allometry in U3 of ^'^a^ra kaiulatui Barnard, 1970, another aber- rant member of this species^complex which is other- wise very homogeneous in the Pacific region, ELASMOFVS COSTA, 1SS3 Eiasmopus Costa, 1853:170, 175 (Elasmopus rapa.\ Costa, 1853); Stebbitig 1906:441. Diagnosis; Similar to Maera sensu stricto, except in the shaj>e of Md palp arB, but the general 1 y stouter and more well pigmented appearance of Eiasmoptts is helpful too. A 1 ,2 moderate to elongate; A 1 much > A2, acc, flagellum \ or more arts. Md palp art 3 strongly falciform, w ith D arid E setae. Inner lobes of lower lip present, Mxl,2 not or weakly setose on inner margins, Mxl inner plate ovate. Mx2 without oblique row ot setae, only few setae medioapically. - GnL2 different in size and shape, palms oblique, in Gn2 usually sculp- tured with specific tooth formulas, dactylus elongate or short, sometimes riding onto inner face of propodus, P5’7 generally short* stout. Uropods 1 ,2 subequal rami, peduncle U1 with basofacial spine. U3 scarcely ex- tended, magrti- to parviramous, at lea.st outer ramus broad, short, strongly spinose; art2 vestigial or iackj ng. T deeply cleft (bui Shoemaker 1933 reported fused mutants), apical I y sp nose , each lobe often apico-med i - ally excavated. We do not fully treat the more than 60 known species of Biasmeypus here, but we discuss one species in more detail because it is found unusually far North for the mainly tropical distribution of the genus. AMPHIPACIRCA VOU II NO. 4, OCT.- 10, 2000 51 Fig* 12* Elasmopus cf. antennatus (Stout). Male S-5mm, Vancouver!*, Gooding Cove^ B, C AMPHlPACiRCA VOL. II NO. 4, OCT. 10. 2000 52 Eiasmopus cf. antennatus (Stout) (Fig- 12) Neogamiftaropsis onisnnaius Stout, 1913: 645-646. Eiasftwpus ofitemiatus Shoemaker 1941: 187; Barnard 1962:SS-9Lrig. 12.13; Barnard 1969a: U5. T^pe locality: Laguna Beach. California, from tufts of coralline algae between tides. Material examined (E. L. Bouaficid, collcttoir): BRITISH COLUMBIA; CMNC 1999-0010, Edu ard King Island, Vancouver L, lOJuL, 1976- 1 tnaie, 1 female incomplete, ] male lOmm., 3 females o^’. 4mm (other species?). CMNC 1999-0011, Gooding Cove, Qiiatsino Sd„ Van- couver Island (50'*24 N, 127®.57'W), dredge 1 2- 1 4m, gravel, sand, algae, 16 Aug., 1975 - 1 male 7mm, I male S.Smm, in alcohol, pan mounted on slide ; 1 female 6.5mni in alcc.>- hol, panly mounted; 1 female ov, 4mm, in alcohol (other species?), CMKC 1999-0009, Cape Beale, VanC4>uver Island, 19 July, 1970 - 1 male 1 0.5mm, in alcohol, partly mounted; J male lOinm, \ male Smm, in alcohol. Diagnosis (after Stout 1913; Barnard 1962): Body dorsal ]y smooth. Gnl (male) protxxius rectanguiar, palm oblique, well defined. Gn2 propodus sexually very different, palm very oblique, heavily setose, not defined, small process near hinge of dactyl us; medial face of propodus with ridge and slight bilobation; palm shorter to subequaJ dactylus. about half length of hind margin. Right and left Gn2 similar. Gn2 (female) small, propodus narrow, palm < 1/2 length of hind margin, with 3-4 defining teeth. P5-7 merus anterodistally lobed, basis widened, in P5,6 margins straight, in P7 hindmargin nearly semkirculan Epl '3, small po&tcrodistal tooth curved upwards. Lf3 small, rami narrowing distally, abruptly truncate, outer ramus longer than inner one, Telson deeply deft, Jobes dist- ally emarginate, with 3 strong spines. Colour; paJe grayish lavender with the appen.dages a little darker, the antennal flagella with two rings of white and dark violet (Stout 1913:646). Distribution: British Columbia to Baja California, Pacific Ocean. Ecology: Shallow water.frequent in intertidal amongst algae and surf-grass, or on algal bottoms in 5m. down to lO-lSm. Absent in sand or silty bottoms ( Barnard 1962:91). In Macrocystis holdfasts^ with tunicate s and sponges, in Phyihspadix roots, brown algae^ coralline algae (Barnard 1969a: i ISIJ?). Remarks: The material found in British Columbia partly matches the originaJ description, but partly con- tains fully mature but smaller animals. The type of E. antermaius Stoul is apparently lost and must be re- established follow ing detailed study of all -60 known Elasmopus species. The rich collections at the Smithsonian Institution, offering specimens from Galapagos and from California (Scripps Inst, samples) should give helpful hints. Barnard also reported from California Eiasmopus hoigurus Barnard (Barnard 1962, 1969a). rapax- Costa ‘TBamard 1962, l%9a) (which probably is not the Mediterranean type species although i t is cited also from southern Norway), £. mu tains Barnard (in Bar- nard 1962,1969a. as a subspecies of E. rupax). and E, serricatas Barnard (in 1969a, as a subspecies of E. rapax Except for £. rapax reaching 1 1 mm, all other species have a si milar body length of about 8mm, and the females are also quite similar Diagnostiefeatures are the telson (evenly truncate and heavy spinose in ^ierricatnx, hoigurus, emarginate and scarcely spinose in aniennaius, with distal rounded lobe and marginal notch in rapax , distal pointed lobe plus marginal notch in mutaius\ fuitliermore the palmar teeth are totally wanting in amennatus, one triangle in fioigurus , a hump wi th 2 elevations in rapax , rectangular hump in mutatus and 5^rrictzfH.^). CEkADOCUS Costa, 1853 Ceradocus Costa, 1853:170, 1857:224; S robbing 1906:430 (part.), Ceradocusisubgtn.Di^nUceraihcus} Sheard 1939:277 (whihtypeGfunmarMirwifrcmacu/atws Stimpsori, 1856) fully synonymized with Cerackteus by Barnard &. Barn- ard 1983:614, Type species: Csradocus orchestiipes Costa. 1853. Diagiiosis: Metasome and urosome segments partially or completely serrate or toothed posteriorly, rarely smooth . Lateral cephal i c lobes rounded, ventroanleri or incision, eyes present. Md palp artl distall y toothed. art2 medial lye nlarged , longest , art3 reduced, not shorts r than artl, linear, with distal setae only. Mxl inner plate triangul ar, margi n de nsel y setose . Mx2 1 nner pi ate w^i th Jateral and dorsal oblique row of setae, A l>A2raocesfi, flagellum well developied. A2 long gland corch GnL2 dissimilar, Gnl carpus long, Gn2 carpus short. P5-7 basis posterodistally angular or lobed, Lf3 biramous, subequai, I segmented, lanceolate. Telson incised, lobes distally notched whth shon spine. Distribution: marine, w idely distributed i n the tropics, with a few species in higher latitudes. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL 11 NO. 4, OCT. 10, 2000 53 Fig, 13* Centdocus spinicauda (Holmes). Male lOimn, Vancouver I., McCauley PoinL B.C. AMPHIPACIHCA VOL U MO. 4, OCT.^10, 2000 54 Remarks; Ceradfxus, Ceradocoides. Cemdomaera and Paraweckelia (?) could be placed in a subgroup together wfih Ma^ra sctiisu stricto because of the re- duced MdarO. whereas j2uaiJ3eraKtapp'Schicke| & Ruffo. and Othomaera Krapp-SchickcL have long and un specialised Md palp art3. Barnard & Barnard (1983) reported 24 known spe- cies and presently there arc 32: only 2 were found along the eastern Pacific coasts: C. paitcidentams Barnard, 1952, and C. spinicaiida Holmes. 1908, Besides the Mediterranean type (C orchestiipes Costa, 1853) and 12 spp. from South Africa, Madagascar and India, (which are very unlikely to occur in our regions), 3 partly dubious species are reported from Bermuda (C. , all KunkeU 1910), I from Cuba (C.sheunii Shoemaker. 194S), llfroni Central andW- Pacific: / Sheard, 1939, cin/ron; S heard, 1939, dooiiha myd hiiwaiiemis Barnard, 1955. Bar- nard, i972oxyodus Berents, 1983, (Hasweli, 1 879) . ruhwmacu lams ( Sti m pson, 1 S56a) , selickemsis Sheard, 1939, shoemakeri Fox, 1973, and yafidala Berents, 1983). Ceradocus spinicauda (Hoimea, 194^) (Fig. 13) Maera spifii^anda Holmes, 1908:539-541, fig, 45. C eradocus spimeauda B amard 1 954; 1 8- 1 9; B arnard 1962: S6-88,rig. lO, Type localityi San Nicolas L, California, 12 April 1904, Steamer Albatross, 60m, Material Examined; CALIFORNIA: USNM 38556 - female 12inm (Holotype). US MM 3902 1 , off Sanui RgsiI stand, ^6S.Rlm,l5ApnL 1904 - 1 male 1 Imm (Paratype) (act listed as such by Holmes). USMM39020,SanlaBarbaralsland,'S2m, 12 Apr, I9tt4 - 1 female ov, lOmm, 1 juv. Additional material examined: BRmSH COLUMBIA: CMNC 19994JOD7, McCauley PoinL, V.ancQu% er Island, (48"24.04N, 123"23,22,6‘W), coll. G. W. O^Conndi, 28 Aug., 1976 - ] male lOrnni, ir akohol, partly mounted on slide; 1 juv. S-^mm. WASHINGTON: CNMC l9y9-CXX)6, San Juan Islands, Minnesota Reel; intertidal 48'^31.7''M, 122m2’'W, coll. R.M. O' Clair, 20 June, 1974 - Imale llmm, 1 female ov. lOtnm, in alcohol. pan mounted on slides: 1 female 8.25 mm, m akohol and pan mounted on .slide: 1 juv. USNM 291427, SanJuanl&l., coll. Frank A. Pttelka- 1 re- main ov. 12iTini. USNM 291428, Rocks' Beach beyond False Bay, San Juan Isl., coll. J. L. Mohr, 1 SepL, 3 948 - ] maJe 12min. USNM 291429, SEof Rocky Bay, San Juan Ids. . wash in -42-59iii dredge with VfJli-^da and Ffcie/i , 9 August, 1950 - 1 female ov., I female, 1 male 9-1 Oram USNM 291430, Brow n Island, San Juan Isl., R. Fcmald, cQlj., 4Aug., 1948- Smales , 1 female o^'. K>mm. CALIFORNl.A; USNM 29H321, San Diego, from kelp. Sept., 1998 - 6 specimens, 10 mm. USNM 291432, Laguna Beach, Orange Co., from kelp holdfasts washed up on beach after storm - 12 specimens, 9- 1 1mm. Diagnosis: Male ]0-r2mmJemale ov,9-l I mm. Body dorsaliy toothed on Pk, 23 (small). Us 1,2 (well visible, upwards curved): Ep 3-3 with tooth. Ep3 posterodistal comer strongly serrate, A1 acc, Hag. 1^4- 1/3 of flagellum. Md palp art3<0.5 art2; Mxp palp propod us and carpus narrow and reduced* inner plate distally excavated; Gn2 assymmetricait no sexual dif- ference except size of propodi; palm defined by blunt elevation, distally mo humps divided by V-shaped incision, P5-7 basis hind margin serrated, margins parallel, di&toposierior and proximoposterior comer each lobed and lengthened, propodus strongly spinose. U3 rami lanceolate broadened, !:b>4, tip shortly trun- cated, not pointed^ having 3-4 setae shorter than rami broad. Tel son deepSy cleft and narrow ing distally. without emargination or incision, bearing 3 strong Spines about as long as T, on outer margi ns media]] y 1- 2 plumose setae. Distribution : B riti sh Col umbi a to souths mCal i Tom ia. Ecology : From kelp, together with Vohelh and Peclen, from intertidal (washed up with kelp?) to S2m* Remarks: The second species reported from Califor- Tiia> C. paucidenraf us Barnard* 1952, must be a close] y related sibling species with small morf>hoiogical dif- ferences: size is somewhat smaller, the most striking character is the tel sonic spination, which shows one strong, but short spine (of half telison length) at the tip of each lobe, and one additional very short sptne next to it; Gn2 male and female i$ asymmetrical with little sexual difference, propodus is similar to C^radexus sp„ but brciader and defining tooth of palm stronger. There might be an ecological difference, as C. sp. comes from shore under rocks” (Barnard 1952: 58). AMPHIPACIFICA VOL. li NO. 4. OCT.-lO, 2000 55 Fig. 14. ^imvadocus toreih (Goes) nov comb. Male 29 mm, Cassiar Dist,, B C. AMPHIPACinCA VOL. II NO, 4, OCT,- 10, 2000- 56 Wimvadocas gen. iiov* Type Species: Gammartts torelli Goes. 1866: 530, t. 40, fig. 28. Diagnosis: Body slender, smooth. Lateral cephalic lobe rounded. No traces of eyes. Al peduncle > flagellum. A1>A2. Mxl inner plate slender, densely setose about half of inner margin; Mx2 outer plate distoextemal with pi umose setae, inner plate with short setae on inner margin and oblique row : low^er lip with developed inner lobe; Md pdp art 1 long (anl^rGl), with triangular tooth; Mxpimicr plate narrow, distally ending straight, not concave as in many Ceradcicus, GnlJ2 similar in shape, not much different in size; GnU2 carpus < propod us, uiangular; propodus hind margins rounded and densely setose, Gn2 palm not defined, dactyl i in Gn 1 and Gn2 beset with many setae. P5-7 basis narrow^ovoid, Ul peduncle with midfacial strong spine, LT3 rami lanceolate, distally pointed, hb >4, with short spines on all margins. Tel son deeply cleft, distal ly pointed, notched with one strong, short spine. Etynwlogy: The senior author especially thanks you, Wim Vader, for 3 decades of knowing each Other, for countless written or spoken dialogues, for beingfriend, colleague and “big brother^’ combined. Discussion: Originally the type species w^as reported from cod stomachs (Gadus marhm L.) f rom an Icelan- dic locality by (1866). Among reasons for eliminating this species from the genus Ceradocus are the two t)^s of setae on the outer plate of Mx2, as in Aliocrangonyx or Pseudcmphargus. Also, it differs ckarly from Ceraditcua in the dense series of setae on the outer margin of the dactyl us of Gnl and Gn2 [never present in members cf Ceradctcus , only in both species of Megaceradocus (see above)], the lack of eyes (cf. al so Megac^eradocus boffin i ) and i ts m uch more pE es i o- morphic peraeopods, Wimvadm:tis tffreUi (Gofe, 1866) nov. comb. (Fig. 14) Gammwus toreiU Goes, 1866: 530, t. 40, fig. 28; Ceradociis toreUi Stebbing 1906: 432; Brilggen 1909; 38, pK, fig. 4; Gurianova 1930: 244; 1951: fig. 523 (repeats fig. 4 of Bruggen 1909); Stephensen 1940: 3 10.ftg.3S; 1944a: 22; 1944b: i06; 1955: 5^55; Shoe- maker 1955:54; Vader & Knarup Leth 1990: 59 Type locality: Iceland or Faroes, locality not noted. Material examined: USNM 193719, Beach al P flagellum, flagellum with 40 arts in neot>pe,34i n speci men sf ramB . C. ( 3 Zaits in Gurj ano va 1951),acc. flag. 5 arts; peduncle anl half propodus length, simple with separate nail; PS’? basis narraw- ovoid (Gurjanova ]95l: pear-shaped), minutely ser- rated. proximal a bit w'ider, posterodistal comer blunt, no posterodistal lengthened lobe, but obtusely shorten- ing. P5 < P6< P7, otherwise very similar. U1 pedurtcle with midfacial strong spine, somewhat unequal rami; U2 rami similar to LU:L]3 in 29mm spec. < Ul, in 50mm U3=U1 (Gurjanova redescribing the material of Bruggen of 61 -62mm. reports U3:>Un, rami lanceolate, distal ly pointed, hb >4. with scarce short spines on all margins, Tel son scarcely longer than U3 peduncle, deeply cleft, di stall! y eac h 3 obe poi nted, di stol nten or! y notched with one strong, short spine and 2-3 short setae along outer margins and 1 -2 plumose setae disto-marginally . Colour: flesh- pink with hyaiine-whlteon: ocular lobe, mediodorsa] parts of all body segments, bind margins of rnesosome and meta some, Gn 1,2 (anterior margins of propodus and carpus red), P3,4 (merus red). P5-7 (coxa, basis and merus red), Us 1 red, Us23 white, U3 dl stall y white, proximal third red, tel son white, A 1,2 deep red. ventral margin flesh-coloured (Stephen&en 1 955:55). Distribution; Circum-Arctlc. Matovskij-Gulf, Kola (Gurjanova 1930: 23 1-248). Gurjanova (1951 ) reports this species from estuaries and coasts of the northern Atlantic in Iceland, Faer0, West Greenland, Bering or Okhotsk Seas, Novosibirsk] ye Ostrowa, at depths of 24-240m, Othe r record s inc I ude East Greenl and (Ste ph - ensen I944a.b, 1955: 106. see also map Fig. 7); Iceland (Stephensen 1935-42. Oldevig 1959); Siberia (Brilg- gen 1909, Derjavin 1930, Gurjanova 1951); Norway (Vader & Krarup Leth 1990); Gulf of St, Lawrence (Conlan tn II tt,); here for the first time from the northern Pacific. Ecology: Shoemaker (1955; 55) writes “littoral-sub- littoraL but mainly found deeper dowm’', and reports material from 350- 500m from West Greenland, depos- ited at the Copenhagen Museum. Vader & Krarup Leth (1990: 59) surmise that this species could 31 vein deeply excavated galleries in clayey substrate. Remarks; During the review of all Ceradocus species it turned out that three other genera are closely related, and their species have been for a long time included tn the genus Ceradocus. These are: 1 ) Animoceradocus Karaman, 1 984, with body similar to Ceradocus , but dorsally smooth . A1 ped. art 3 l:b^ ca 4 (short in Ceradocus ), Md palp art 1 rounded ( vs. toothed); monoiypic: A. semiserrmus (Batej862); 2) Baihyceradocus Pi riot, 1934, vvith me ta some and UTosome toothed, Cs4 posteriorly excavated. AJ subequal A2, Md palp artl rounded (vs. toothed), aft3 w^eakly falcate to falcate (vs. slender): w^iih B. stephenseni Pi riot, 1934^ and fl. iheriensis .Andres, 1977; 3) Megaceradcfcus Mukai,197S. with smooth body, rostrum or eyes absent; Al > A2. acc, flag, ea i.''4 of flagellum. Md palp artl rounded, art3 not falcate, only scarcely shorter than art2, Mxl IP densely setose, not triangular but slender. Mx2 marginal, but no oblique row of setae. Dactyl us Gn2 outer margin with dense setae; with Megaceradocus gigas Mukai, 1979 and Megaceradocus ba^ni (Stephensen. 1 933) nov. comb. The deep- sea species Cercuk^cus haffini S tephensc n, 1933 (also Stephensen 1944) was more than once sunnised to be synonymous with C . toreUi , as both have setae on Gn2 dactylus outer margin, and are blind and rarely collected deefn water inhabitants. Karaman & Barnard ( 1 979) proposed to move it eventually to the genus Anitnoceradocus, but we find this solution unsat- isfactory. It fits perfectly the diagnosis of Megacer- adocus Mukai^ 197S, concerrungthe matching mojth- parts, short .Al acc. flag,, similar cephalic lobe, both lacking palm on Gn 1 ,2, propodus Gn 1 o\did rounded, Gn2 carpus longer than wide, many setae on Gn2 dactylus outer mai^in, PS-7 basis narrowing di stall y, posterodistal comer right-angled. Ul peduncle with one strong spur- shaped spine medially, one distal I y; however U3 rami in Megaceradocus gigas Mukai, are more robust and much shorter (l:b ca, 4), in baffim much longer (l:b >7). The tel son in baffini is sym- metri cal I y shall o w -emargi nate , whe reas i n M. ^ igas i t is some w hat asymmetticaj 1 y notched . Thus^ we e stab^ lishfor the blind deep-water species Ceradocus bqffifii. recofded at depths from 55m down to 1600m in Baffin Bay, west of Greenland^ the new^ combination Mega- ceradocus haffini (Stephensen, 1933), SUMMARY In the course of treating all am phi pods found along the Pact fi e coas t of North A merica^ the fami 1 y Me 1 i ti dae has been studied in two parts: the Melira group in Jai- rett & Bousfield (1996) and the Macra - Ceradocus group here. Six genera were found in the north Pacific: Maera (sensu stricto as well as sensu lato), Quadri- maera, Lupifnaera, Anamaera, Ceradocus, and Wb?j- vadocus. Several new species aredescri bed, synonym- ized or revalidated and poorly described ones redescribed. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL. II NO, 4, OCT.‘!0, 2000 58 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors wish to thank the management of Amphtpacificafor support in publication costing. We are grateful to Dr. E. L. Bonsfield for ass E stance in the initial preparation of the illustrations and to Susan Laurie-Bourque, Hull, Quebec, for inking the draw- ings. The work w as funded through a rearch assi stance account of the Royal Ontario Museum. Toronto, and facilitated at the Holly Lane laboratory of the Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa. Dirk Platvoet, Amster- dam, facilitated preparation of the SEM photographs. REFERENCES: Alderman, A.L. 1936, Some new and little known amphi pods of California. Univ. California Publ. in Zoology 41(7): 53-74. Andres, H.-G. 1977. Gammaridea (Crustacea, xAmphi- poda)ausderr) IberischenTiefsee-becken. Auswert- ung des Materials der Fahrten 3 und 15 von F, S. Meteor. 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Crustacea Isopoda, Amphipoda et Decapoda Daniae: Fortegnelse over Daintnarks iso- poda, amphi pode og decapode krebsdyr. Naturh. Tidskr. U: 57-248. Mills. E.L. 196 L Amphi pod crustaceans of the Pacific Coast of Canada, I. Family Atyiidae. Natl, Mus. Can. Bull, 172: 13-33, 4figs. Mills, E.L. 1962. Amphi pod crustaceans of the Riciflc Coast of Canada. Nat. Hist, Papers, Natl . Mus. Can., !5: 1-21, 6 figs. Mil ne-Ed wards, H. 1S30. Ex trait de Rechcrches pour serviera 3 'histoire natureile des crustaces ampbi- podes, Ann. Sci. Nat. 20: 353-399, pis 10,1 L Montagu, G. 1S08. Description of several Marine Ani- mals found on the South Coast of Devon shire. Trans, Linn. Soc. l^ndon 9: 81-1 14, pi, 2/8. Mukai, H. 1978, A new giant amphi pod belonging to a new genus, Megaceradocus, found in the Japan Sea, Bull. Natl, Sci, Mus. Scries A 5(3): 175-181. Norman. A. M. 1868. On Crustacea Amphipoda new to science or to Britain. Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist, 4(2) : 41M2L pis. 2 1, 22m figs, i-11 of pi. 23. Oldcvig, H., 1917. Die Amphipoden, Isopoden und Cumaceen des Bsfjordes. Zool. Ergebnisse der schwed. Expedition nach Spitzbergen 1908. Teil 2, 8. In: Zooi. Ergebnisse der Schw edischen Expedi lion nach Spitzbergen 1908 unter Leitung von Prof. G.deGeer. Svols. Kungl. SvenskaVetensk. Hand], 54(S): 1-56. Oldevig, H. 1959. Arctic, subarctic and Scandinavian amphi pods in thecol lections of the Swedish Natural History Museum, Stockholm. Goteborgs Kungl. Vetensk.-ViL-Sarnh. Handl. (6B) 8(2): 5-132, 4 pE. Pcarse, A.Sm 1908. Amphipodous Crustacea from the Gulf of Mexico. Proc. Lh S. Natl. Mus. 34: 27-32. Pirlot, J, M, 1 934. Les Amphipodes de 1 ’ Expedition du Siboga, 2. part. Les Amphipodes Gammarides 11,, 2. Siboga Exp. 33d: 167-235. figs. 61-100. Ruffo, S., T. Krapp & M, F, Gable 2000. The genus X^fa^ra (Crustacea: .Amphipoda: Melitidae) from Bermuda. Posts lla 321:3-35. Sars. G, O. 1885. Zoology. Crustacea, i, Norwegian North- At Ian tic Expedition 1876-1878, 6: 96 pp. Sars, G. 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The Amphipoda of the Smith- sonian -Roe ding Expedition to Cuba in 1937. Smithsonian Misc.Cdl. 110(3): 15 pp., 3 figs. Shoemaker, C. R, 1955. Amphipoda cdlecied at the Arctic Uboratorv, Office of Naval Research, Point Barrow, Alaska, by G. E. MacGinitie. Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 128(1): 1-7S, 20 figs* Smith, R. I, & J. T, Carlton, 1975. Light's Manual, 3rd edition, Univ. Calif, press, Berkeley and Los Ang- eles. 450 pp. Stebbing. T. R, R. 1S8S. Report on the Amphipoda collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Zoology^ Vol. 29. London,- Ejtc and Spottiswoodie: xxiv-i- [137 pp.+ 210 pis. Stebbing, T. R. R. 1906. .Amphipoda, 1. Gammaridea. Das Tierreich* voL2l: i-xxJv ■+■ 1-806, figs* 1-127. Stephensen,K. 1913. Account of the Crustacea and the P>xnogonida collected by Dr. V. Nordmann in the summer d* I9l 1 from northern Stromfjord and Giesecke Lake in west Greenland. Medd. Gr 0 nianjd 51 (2): 5S77, 8 pis. Stepbensen* K. 1927. Re vi deret Fortegnelse over Dan- marks Arter af Amf^ipoda (Gammaridea: Fam. Gammaridae til Podoceridae (DuiichJidae aut.); Caprellidea). V^idensk. Medd. Danks. Naturh. Fbren, 84: 107-150. Stephensen, R. 1933. Amphipcjda. In: The Godthaab ExpedJ92S. Meddelelser om Gr^nland 79(7): SS pp.,31 figs. Stephensen, K. 1935-42. The Amphipoda of N Norway and Spitzbergen with adjacent waters. Troms^ Mus, Skr* 3(1), 1-140(1565). 14 1 -27S (1938), 279-362 (1940)363-526(1942), Stephensen, K. 1937. Crustacea Collected on the 5ih Thule expedition. Rep. 5ih Thule Exp. 1921-24, Zool. 2(9): 25 pp.,, 4 figs. Stephensen, K. 1938. ^Amphipoda, Tanaidacea and Pycnogonida. Senckenberglana 20 (3-4): 236-264. Stephensen^ R. 1940, Marine Amphipoda? in: Zoology of Iceland 3(26): 1 1 1 pp.* 13 figs. Stephensen. K, 1944a, Amphipoda. The zoology of east Greenland. Medd. om Gronland 121(14): 3- 165, 18 figs. Stephensen, K., 1944b. Crustacea Malacostraca VIII (.Amphipoda W), Danish Ingolf Expedition 3(13): 5L 38 figs. Stimpson,Wf IS53: Synopsisof themarine Invertebraia of Grand Manan: or the region about the mouth of the Bay of Fundy, New Brunswick* Smithsonian Contributions lo knowledge 6, i-iv, 5-66, 3 pis. Stimpson.W'. LS56a. Descriptions of some new' marine Invenebrata. Proc, Acad. .Nat. Sci. Phiadelphia 7: 385-394. Stjmpsofi. W. lS56b. Descriptions of some the new marine invenebrata frem the Chinese and Japanese Seas* Proc* Acad, Nat. Sci* Philadelphia 7* 375*384- Stimpson, W . 1 857. The Crus tacea and Echinodermaia of the Pacific shores of North America, J. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 6: 1-92 (reprint), pis 18-23 (pp, 444- 532 in original). Stimpson, WL 1864. Descriptions of new species of marine Invertebratafrom Puget Sound, collected by- the naturalists of the North-West Boundary Com- mtsston, A, H- Campbell, esq*, commi sstorter Prac. .Acad. Nat Sci. Philadelphia 16: 153-165. Stout, V. R. 191 2. Studies in Laguna Amphipoda. Frst Ann. Rep. Laguna Marine Lab., pp. 134-149, figs. 74 «. Stout V. R. 1913. Studies In Laguna Amphipoda. [I. Zool.Jb. 1 (Syst) 34: 633 645* Thomas, J. D*, Sl J* L, Barnard 1985. A new marine genus of the Maeta group (Crustacea: ^Amphipoda) from Belize. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 98(3) : 630-635. Thorsteinson* E. 1941 . New or noteworthy Amphi poda fresn the North Pacific Coast. Univ, Washington Pubi. Ocea^iogr. 4(2): 5096. Vader, W.., & N. Rranip Leth 1990. Notes on Norw-e- gian marine Amphipoda 1 1 .Ceradoeux toreUi (Goes, 1 866), ane w amphi podf or Norway* Fauna Norve gi ca Series A 11:59. Wailes, G. H, 193 L Amphipoda from British Colum- bia. Museum and Art No4es* Vancouver 6: 4fMl , 2 pis. Walker, A. 0, 1898. Crustacea collected by W. A. Herdman, F.R.S., in Fhiget Sound, Pacific coast of North America, September, 1897. Proc. Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc. 12; 268-287, pis. 15, 16. AMPHIPACIHCA VOL. If NO. 4, OCT.- 10. 2000 62 SUe-Sf^F-l&e TO Biodiversity JOURNAL OF UFE ON EaRTH I T OST Ct1.T5 kidhaduffla; $3.5a InabitijtkMS]. Foreign Orders piBaaB pdy I25JD0 or $50.00 us. rbIbb inciL}d« msiL poBtaga. For tesl^ dofivary byai^mai, plaas* adl4iJ!^-fi.ffil- □ Cheqiia in CanadiBn or US funds enctosad. □ Morwy Order for Bertlt Draft in US fundc enclosed- □ Bill me later, * Pferaso rmi<& cheque payaWs to Tmpfcsl ConseA^ncy. ■ ay rtosfifjSpcaSss Couwy 7atepS™~ TSET flr InUernstionallv fSODgnized jcnurml^ publlslied a3Seljr needed oo In- feiin and gtide m totmd eocdoflaf SyuU AMPHIPACJFICA VOL n JSI04. OCT, 10.2000 63 The WTiale Lice (Aniphipoda: Cvamidae) of the Northeastern Pacific Kej;ion Leo Margolis^ , T. E. McEksnaJd^, and E. L. Bousfield ^ ABSTRACT This srudy \tcs\s ihc s> siemaiji.‘s and host neiaiionshipi of cyamid ettojsirasiujs of u haJc^i [Cciacea) oi ihc northeastern Pacific region. The capreili dean amphipod family Cyamtdae is revjsed. and key s toall componem genera, subgCiiCra and regional specics arc prtiVcdcd, OrriimeyamUj n. g., Cyamut (Ap&cjamns )i n, subg,, and Cyamtu (Mesocyamm) n, subg., Cyamus (Me^ocyamut} memrubm^ihu n. sp..and Cyoflou eschiicfitii n. sp., ait newly dcfi ned, and subgenns Cyamns (Paracyitmtu ) 0,0, Sars i s rex i\ ed, Rcdcscri bed and refig jred, wholly or in pan, are: Cyamtis fCyatmiij ceJi (L) Lamarck, C. fCyamus}ttun{odonn‘s Liitken. C f Cyamu,%^r7Taticm R. dc Vaa/.cme, C (CyamiiS} oviliis R, dt Vauzifcmc. C. fCyiunuy^^gruLifis R. dc Vauz^ tme, C’vdmtfj fFameyamus^ bulaempterae K. H. Barnard, C t PiiF^^yi^fnas) boopis Litlken, C, iiMesm'vamm } caiodomix Margolis, C iMesocyafniiSjoriitruedlon Waller, C iApocyamuxjt scatTimani Dali, C f ^pfia-yamux) kessi^n Brandt, Neoevamus ph\sferis (Pouchet); Isocyamtis deiphimi (Gudnn-Mdneville), /. globidpliis Lutken, and Piatyfrymnus Jluviyculaiay Waller. Analysis- of a broad range of characters and char-aclcr stales suggests that the phyietic position of the Cy amidae w ilhin the CaprelUdea may be closer to Capro-gammandae- Capiellidae ilvan to the Cafirellirioldjdae-|^ti,sjcidae evolutionary grouping as suggested elsewhere. Phyietic classirication of the Cyamidae accords reasonably well w ith that of the host Cetacea, Thus, species of the most priniilive genus Cytirnw.T (and subgenera) are found mainly on the most primitive whales (Mysliceii) whereas the more advanced genera of cyamids (tsocyamus, Neocyamus, Ordmeyamus, Syticymmis, and occur only on the more advanced OdtHWOoeli, Some species of Cyismui occur on more pnmitive members of the Odontoceit te,g,., on Physef^r, Berardim. Monodontidae) but host size and life style may al,so prove signifEcani factors here. Two distinct groups of advanced cyamids recognized herein could support other evidence for polyphyletic on gin within the Odoninced. However, such conclnsion.s would seem premature since many host-parasite relationships remain undiscovered. introduction The caprellideart family Cyamidae comprises a major parasi tic group of amphi pod c mstaceans, S onne gammaridean family groups (e.g.,, Opisidae.Tri schizo- &tomatidae, Lafystitdae) are ectoparasites of fishes, Hyachelia (Tailtroidea) occurs on marine turtles, and members of the suborder Hyperi idea attach to pelagic coelemerates and runi cates (Bousfield ^Kabata 19SS). Only the Cyamidae, consisting of seven genera and 34 known species, are ectoparasites of Cetacea. Three genera andeight species have previously been reported from the Northea.stem Pacific, of which twogenera and five species liave been noted on whales in North Ameri- can Pacific waters. The purpose of this study is to update knowledge of ihe systemadcs and host-parasite relationships of this regional crustacean group, Early studies on Cyamidae in the nonheastem Pacific marine region commenced with the work of Dali (lS72a, b. 1874) . From CaJLfomlan waters he described as new species suffitsas (es hump- back whale, \degaptera nodcfsa) and Cyamu-S scam- Pioitt (ex Cal ifomia G ray w^haS e, Eschrl€htiu.^ihhf~jsiis} . From Alaskan waters Dali described the new species Cyamus te motor and C. grocilis [(ex Pacific right whale (=black right whale) Bolaena sieboldii (-8. giacioiis)], as well as C. mysticen (ex bow he ad whale, Balaem mysdceius). D lustrations of C. ju^^suj, C scammom, and C. mysiicdi appear in Scammon's (1874) account of North .American Pacific Cetacea, Liitken (1887), after reexamining DalTs specimens, considered C. leatator identical with C- ovaiis R. de Vauzeme, 1834, C, myffJC4?fi Dali identical with C. monodomh Liitken, 1870 (= C. ceti Unnaeus, 1758) and C. suffksos identical^ with C. pacific us Liitken. 1873. This last species was described by Liitken { 1873) from an unidentified cetacean caught off the Pacific coast of Central America. Lii tken ( J 873 , 1 887) further considered C. pacificus as probably Identical with Cyamus bewpis Liitken. 1870. a view upheld by later workers. Sars (1895) created the new genus Fara- cyamus for C toopis. Subsequently Cyamus graciiis was transferred to this genus by Barnard (1932). Paracymnus bfxtpb has also been recorded from the humpback whale in British Columbia by Cornwall (1928) and in Alaskan waters by Scheffer (1939). However^ the genus Paracyamus was recently placed in synonomy of Cyafnus by MargoJis f 1959). In the northwestern Pacific ocean, seveml species ] deceased, January, 1996 2 Corresponding author, Pacific Biological StaUon, Nanaimo. B. C. V9R 5K6\ f-mait; mcdonaldte@ltome.com 3 Research Associate, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2C6; e-maii: etbDusf^magma.ca AMPHIPACIRCA VOL. n N04. OCT. 10,2000 64 have been recorded from Kamchatka, Korea, and Ja- pan. A. Brandi (1871) believed he bad rediscovered SireruKryamus rhytimie J. F, Brandt, 1846. Later he noted its great simiiant>^ to Cyamu^ ovalis^ attached lo a piece of akin of what he believed to be Rhytina bor- eaUsithe extinct sea cow)* which was preserved in the St. Petersburg museunt. The animaJ was apparently caught off Kamchatka. Cyamus ovalis was later re^ corded by A. Brandt (1872) from Balaena Japonica (probably identical with B. glacialis) in Kamchatka waters and thereby considered C. rhytinae as only a varieiy of C ovaiia, Liitken ( 1 873) came to the conclu- sion that C, rhydnae of A, Brandk 1871, was identical wdth C. ovalis and the piece d skin from w hich Brandt recovered his specimens was actually from B Japonica and not R. borealis. The original amphipod parasite of R. borealis Vrss described by Stellerin 175t and named Sirenocyamits rhytinae by J. F. Brandt in 1846, He considered tliis parasite to be closely related to the genus Cyamus. Liitken ( 1S73) temporarily placed the species in the genus Cyamus, but its true systematic position remains in doubt Cognizant of the descrip- tions of Steller (ksL. dL) and J, F. Brandt (ioc, cli,), theseamphi pods doubtful I y belong to the genus Cyamus or even the family Cyamidae, Lutken (1873) also listed C, gracilis (i .e„, Paracyamus graciUs) as a para- site of Balaena Japonica in the seas off Kamchatka. Andrews (1914) reported C, scammoni as parasitic on the gray whale in Korean waters. From Japanese seas Ishii (1915) recorded a species of Cyamus from Berardius bairdi, which Iwasa (1934) believed was probably boopis. The latter author redescribed C. ovalis and C- erratkus R. de Vauzeme^ 1834, taken from B, giac ia Us, Cyamus ehngatus w as new 1 y de s- cribed from the humpback whale by Hiro (1938). The laner also recorded C. ghbicipitis Liitken, 1873 (= Jsocyamus delphini (Guerin-Meneville, 1836) from Giohicephaius scammoni in Japanese waters. A more recent account of cyainid ectoparasites from the North American Pacific coa&t was given by Margolis & Dailey ( 1 972), and the world cyamid fauna updated by Berzin & Vaslova (1982), Fourteen cyamid species are here recorded from whales caught off the British Columbia coast and landed at Coal Harbour, and from other localities along the coast of British Columbia (Table I, p, 110, and species ac- counts). Two species fMejroywjriUj) meso- rubraedon and Cyamus lApocyamus) eschrichUi, are described as new^ to science. The specimens were collected by Mr. G. C. Pike, unless otherwise noted. All specimens formerly in the collections of Dr, Leo Margolis, Pacific Biologtca] vStatiom Nanaimo, B. C., are now in the Pamsitoiogy CoUeciions of the Canad- ian Museum of Nature (CMN), Otiaw-a. Ackxio wledgepietits Several reseach institutions and colleagues contrib- uted to the success of thi s study. The Pacific Biological Station at Nanaimo* B. C.* provided a base of opera- tions and comprehensive research facilities for the two seiuor authors during accumutaiion of study material over the years. The Canadian Museum of Nature (CMN) in Ottaw^a provided research facilities for taxo- nomic w^ork on the collections and preparation of most of the line i J I uatraii on during the peri od 1 993- 1 995, 1 1 continues to provide vaJuablecuratorshipof study mat- erial, especially through collections managers Judith Price and Jean-Marc Gagnon; Ed Hendry cks. Research, also kindly prepared recent slide mounts. Susan Laurie- Bourque, Hull, (Quebec, very capably inked all line drawings based on this materia] (Abhrevjatjons for figures: pi case see Table II. p, 117), We wish to acknow ledge the help of Drs. Craig P, Staude (FHL) and David Spurgeon (BC) in providing sources of information on whale strand! ngs and poten- tial cyamid material from the wrest coast of North America. Drs. Robin Baird (Dalhouste University) and C. R. Hari ngton (CMN) were especially helpful In providing recent refences concerning the classification of marine mammals. We are especially grateful to Dr, Roger Lincoln (British Museum) for kind permission to reproduce his published illustrations in this paper, and wish lo thank in advance other authors whom we have not been able to contact. Systems tics Family Cyamidae Raflnesque, 1817 Cyamidae Lutken 1873: Sars 1895; Chevreux & Fage 1925; Stephensen 1942; Margolis 1954; Leung 1%7; Griiner 1975; l^ubitz 1993; Krapp-Schickel 1993. Type genii$: Cyamus Latreille, 17% Genera: Ort'mf>cyia:ma.r new genus; hocyamus Gervais & Van Beneden, 1859; Neocyamus Margolis, 1955; Flatycyamus Liitken, 1 870; 5y«cra ww Bow man , 1955 ,■ Scutocyamus Lincoln & Hurley, 1974. Diagnosis: Body (peraeon) short, wide, dorso ventral ly depressed, usually smooth dorsally, often with short ad-hesion spines ventrally. Peraeon 1 usually fused with bead. Eyes small, dorsal. Antema 1 short; antenna 2 very short or rudimentary. Buccal mass small, mouthparts reduced. Upper 1i p usually notched AMPHIPACJHCA VOL JI N04. OCT. lO.ltXX) 65 apjcaJly, lobes variously asymmetricaL Lower Up* inner lobes present, often fused. Mandible lacldng palp; molar rudimeniarj'. Maxilla I, palp small. \- segmented- Maxilla 2 small* plates veiy small or fused, MaxilH-ped basal segments often fused medially; palp often lacking. Gnathopods I & 2 strongly subcbelate. unequal in size, slightly sexually dimorphic; segments 3 & 5 often fused with 2 & 4 respectively. Peraeopods 3 & 4 lacking. Peraeopods 5-7 short, stout, powerfully clasp- ing (raptorial I in form. Peraeon segments 3 & 4 each w ith paired coxal gills, simple or ramified, usually with accessory^ gills. Pleopods (one pair) nidi men tary- and fused in male, lacking in female. .AJI species ectoparasitic on Cetacea. Remarks: The diagnosis is adapted partly from Sars (18951 ChevTieux & Page (]925), Griiner (1975) and Krapp-Schickci C 1 993) w hose key (kaLdL). involving presence of a mandibular palp appears to have been a printing lapsus (pers. comm.). Cyamus Latreille, 1796 Subgenera: Cyamm (U) Lamarck, 1801 (nominate); Paracyamus Q. O. Sars* I S95; Mestwice head length; peraeopods 5*7, segment 4 with acute posterior process; on Msgaptem ntJvaeo/ig/iae. C (Paracyamus) boopis (p. 80) Coxal gills relatively short, thick (sausage tike in female) [Fig. 9]; antenna 1 short, < 2X length of head; peraeopods 5-7, segment 4 rounded below; on species of Baiaenopiera - , . C. (Pamcyamus} haktenopi^rae ?5 (D) Maxilla 2 1 j T ^ ’0 / Yl U co_ Maxilljpad / / x-'V f (F) Gnathopod 1 (G) Gnathopad 2 \k:^- w (H> Pwaaopod 5 6^ 0 L ^ 3. 4. Fig. 1, Characters and character states within family Cyamidae. AMPHIPAClRCAVOL.il NO 4 OCT. 10,2000 68 4. Peraeon segment 5&6 with 2 pairs of ventral (adhesion) Spines; ma\illiped palp usually present in adults; on various Mvstictsti and Monodontidae - 5. w Peraeon segment 7 with single pair (or none) of ventral adhesion spines; maxilliped palp usually lacking in adults; on Eubalaena glacialis only 7, 5. Coxal gills double on each side of peraeon segments 3 & 4 [Fig. 5J; accessory gills elongate on peraeon 4; gnathopod 2, palm short* deeply concave [Fig. 1(G. 1-2)J; maxilliped palp segments 2 & 3 subequal in length; on Eubalaena giaciaiis Cyamus (Cyamus) ovaiis (p, 74 ) Coxal gills single; accessory gills short; gnathopodl, palm broads shallow [F1g. 1(G.3)]; maxilliped palp, segment 2 less than segment 3 - 6. 6. Peraeon segments narrow , "wings" widely separated [Fig* 3]; coxal gills slender, elongate.ex- ceeding head; maxilla 2. outer plate large, distinctly exceeding inner plate [Fig. 3J;on Balaena mystic eta Sind Esckrichtius robustus. Cyamus (Cyamus) ceti (p. 7 J) Peraeon segments wide, "wings" narrowly separated; coxal gills relatively short, sausage-like, not extending beyond head; maxilla 2, outer plate narrow, little or not exceeding inner plate [Hg.4 ]; on Delphinaptera and Monodon Cyamus (Cyamus) monodontis {p. 71) 7. Peraeon segment 7 with I pair ventral (adhesion) spines [Hg. 6]; left mandible with 5-S blades in spine row ; accessory gills sexually dimorphic .... * Cyamus (Cyamus) etrahcus (p. 76) Peraeon segment 7, ventral spines faint or lacking [Fig. 7]; left mandible with 2-3 blades in spine row ; accessory gills small, similar Cyamus (Cyamus graciiis) (p. 76) 8. Head distinctly longer than broad [Fig. 1 (A. l-2)];peraeopods 5-7 and dactyls powerful, elongate; gnathopod 2, propod powerful, elongate (Fig. 1(G3)]; palms usually shallow, elongate. ....... Cyamus (Mesocyamus) 9. Head short, length little (or not) longer than basal wddth [Fig. l(A.3)); peraeopods 5-7, propods and dactyls relatively short and weak; gnathopod 1, propod short, deep, palm short, sharply concave [Fig. 1{G,2)] Cyamus (Apocyamus) 11. 9. Maxilliped palp usually present in adults; upper lip with moderate epistome ; maxilla 2, inner plate exceeding outer plate; on Physeter only. Cyamus (Mesocyamus) calodontis (p, 82) Maxilliped palp lacking in adults; upper Upj epistome indistinct or lacking; maxilla 2, outer plate the larger; on ziphiid and cschrichtiid whales. ...... , , * * 10, 10. .\ntenna 1 large, much exceeding head; coxal gills slender, elongate, extending beyond head; on Esckrichtius robustus ... Cyamus (Mesacyamus) mesorubraedon (p. 87) .Antenna 1 short, little longer than head length; coxal gills short, not extending beyond head: on Berardius bairdi Cyamus (Mesocyamus) orubraedon (p. 84) { 1. .Maxilliped lacking palp in adults; lower lip, inner lobes nearly totally fused distally; maxilla 2, inner plate fused to outer Cyamus (Apocyamus) kesslcri (p. 93) Maxilliped palp usually presenit in adults; lower lip, inner lobes distally separated; maxilla 2, Inner plate distinctly demarcated from outer. 12. 12. Coxal gills paired (double) on each side, strongly coikd [Fig. 13]: peraeon segment 2 broadly shield-shaped, with subacute lateral "wings" Cyamus (Apocyamus) scammoni (p. 90) Coxal gills single, sausage-like [Fig. 15]; peraeon segment 2, lateral wings posteriorly broadest . Cyamus (Apocyamus) cschrichtii (p* 90), AMPHIPACIRCA VOL. ]I N04. OCT, 10.2000 69 Fig. 2. Cyamus (Cyamus) ceti (L.) Lamarck, 1801. Male (12 mm); female (10.5 mm). Balaena mysticetus^ Sooke, B. C. AMPHtPACIFICA VOL. II NO 4. OCT, 10.?(XB 70 Fig. 3. Cyamus (Cyamus) ceti (L.) Lamarck, 1801. (peraeopods and mouthparts). AMPHlPACinCA VOL II NO 4 OCT. 10,2000 7J Gnathopod 1 distinctly 6-segmenied. propod palm steeply oblique. Gnathopod 2 powerful, 5-segjnented; anterior flange of basis strongly developed; propod pow'erf ul 1 y elongate-ovate ; dactyl strong. Peraeopods 5*7 powerful; carpus deep, propod elongate ovate; dactyl strong. Coxal gills usually single, slender occasionally dou- ble on each side. Accessory’ gills double* variously developcd- Male pleopods deeply notched apical ly* Female: generally smaller than makn Margins of brood lamellae strongly lined with setae. Remarks: Most species of subgenus are ectoparasites of primitive mysticetid whales (Bal- aenidae) but may occur also on Eschrichtius. Two species are apparently found only on arctic monodon- tid whales, a group that is not closely related to the Mystketi. Cyamus (Cvamus) cefJ (L., 175S) (Larnarck> ISOl) (Hgs,2,3) Cyamus ceii Stephensen 1942; Margolis 1955, Leung I9G7; Levin & Pfeiffer 1999. Cyamus mysiiceti Liitken, 1 860; Liitlcen 1 873. Material Examined: Sookc, B. C.* C2L stranded gray whale, Oct. 29/89. R. Baird & P. Sicacy colls.* - seseial spec t mens. CMN collec- tions. St Law re nee Island, Bering Sea, Alaska, ci bow head w hale {B^iaena myyikelf} -1 vjaJ of specimens (identified for Bud Fay, June* 1^1), CMN colkcdons. Point Hope, Alaska, ^ txjw head w hale - I female speci- men (identified for R. Rausch. Fehruaiy* 1963). Alaska (loc. iindet), ci bowhead whale - I specimen {identified for Lany Jensen I6-IV-81;, CMN collections. Diagnosis; Male (to 12 mm) Body short, broad; peraeon segment 4 widest; per- aeon segments 5-7 each with single pair of ventral adhesion spines. Antennae typical of the genus. Mouth parts : Upper Is p brcsidl y and shal low I y notched below, lobes subequaL Lower lip. inner lobes distinct, mandibular lobes large, not widely separated Man- dibular incisor appearing 4-toothed; left lacinJa 5- dentate; 4 blades in spine row . Maxilla 1 * outer plate with 7 apical spine-teeth on left side* 2 groups of 3 spines on the right; palp with stiff apical setae. Maxilla 2 short* small; inner plate small, with 1-2 apical setae; exceeded by distinct, broad, apical ly setese outer pi ate. Maxil I i ped pal p di sti net j n adults ; dactyl elongate , apex setulose (not subacute)* inner tnargin not pectinate; segments 2 and 3 subequal in length; basis t 2 fused to opposite number, lobe evanescent, margin with 2 sei- ules. Gnathopod 1 6-segmenied. with slightly oblique propodal [jalm and dactyl lacking distinct unguis. Gnathopod 2 short, powerful, segments 3 & 5 vestig- ial; propod large, deep* palm steeply oblique, binge tooth strong. Coxal gills single, thick, with distinct, large* un- equally paired basal accessory gills. Peraeopods 5-7 short* powerful; basis short, broad, antero-dista! flange large; segment 3 vestigial, parity fused to 2; segment 4 subcryptic, with no free anterior margin; segment 5 very short and deeper than length of basis; propod short, siouk with slight distal palm; dactyl short not strongly emv^ed. Male pkopods regular. Penes nearly straight. Female (ov.) (10,5 mm): brood lamellae large, margins strongly setose. Remarks: Material illustrated here may vary slightly from that taken from arctic bow bead whales figured by Liitken (loc. dL) and others. Cyamus (Cyamus) monodontis Ltitken* 1 870. (Fig. 4) Cyafliu5 Lutken 1S73; Stephensen 1942: Leung 1967. Material Examined: Vancouver Public Aquanufu, B. C.. Beluga (Delphi/tupiera ieucos), A. C, McNeill coll,* November, 1971* male (7.D mm). slide mouni.CMKNMCC19t?9^ 101. Diagtiusis: Male (7,0 mm) Body squat, medium broad, widest at peraeon seg* ment 4. Peraeon segment 1 shield-shaped; peraeon segments 5-7 each w-ith single pair of ventral spines. Head maikedt y broadened at fusion of peraeon seg- ment 1. Antenna 1 medium, little longer than head Antenna 2 ntarnally 4^segmented. Mouthparts: Upper Up w^ith sharp dislal notch, lobes subs ymmetri cal. Lower lip, outer lobes relati ve nar- row, inner margins heavily setulose; inner lobes with shal low apical notch, Mandi bu Ur I nci sor u nequal I y 5- toothed; left lacinia 5-6 dentate: right lac] nia trifid, both with 3 thick blades in spine row. Maxilla 1 medium- large, deep, outer plate with 6 apical pectinate spine- teeth ; pal p relati vdy large* teaching end of outer pi ate, apex bearing several stout blade-like setae. Maxilla 2 very small; outer plate distinct, with several apical AMPHrPACinCA VOL. II NO 4. OCT. 10,^000 72 Fig* 4 * Cyntnus (Cyamus) monodonds Liitken, 1873. Male (7*0 mm) ejL Delphinapiera (beluga). Vancouver Public Aquarium^ B, C AMPHIPAClRCAVOL.il NO 4. OCT. 10,2000 73 Fig. S. Cyamus (Cyamus) avalis Roussel de Vauzeme, 1834, Male (16 mm); female (10 mm). ex E ualaena gladalh. North Pacific Ocean ^ (after Iwasa 1934; inset: after Liitken 1873), AMPHJPACIFICA VOU n N04, OCT. 10,2000 74 s«tac. barely exceed mg distinct inner plate tipped with 2-3 long setae. Maxiliiped palp stout; segment 6 long- est; dactyl medium-large^ simple, apex acute; basal segment large, separated from opposing basis by half its lengthy lobe small with 2^3 short setae: segment 3, inner margin with single seta. Gnathopod 1 relatively short; segment 3 narrowing anteriorly; segment 4 short; segment 5 short and deep, with short posterior margin; segment 6 medium, palm nearly horizontaL w'lth small rounded tooth at proximal angle; dactyl strongly curved, unguis fused. Gnatho- pod 2, segment 2 ver>' shon and stout; segment 3 partly fused to antero-distal flange of segment 2; segment 4 small, triangular; segment 5 large, powerful, ovate, palm deeply concave, w ilh stout sharp hinge tooth and strong tooth at postieriorangle;dactv^l medium, moder- ately curved. Coxal gills large, thick, single on each segment, attached to peraeon via a short swollen stalk: acres sory gills short, douNe, posterior slightly the larger. Peraeopods 5-7 short, stout; segment 3 virtually fused to segment 2: segment 4 narrow, with short ant- erior margin; segment 5 short, with short acute hind margin; propod medium, narrowing dis tally; dactyl medium, not strongly curved. .Malepleopods with medium apical cl eft cleft. Penes regular in form Female (ov.) {to 6.0 mm^J: brood lamellae ovate, with short marginal setae. Remarks: Cveamus ( Cyamus^ nu^mdonJis occurs on belugas in the northern Bering Sea and western Arctic Ocean, Cyamus ncydosus Lutken, 1 860, occurs more fre quentl y on the arctic narwlmL, and differs in having the dorsum of peraeon segments 3-7 di vided into 2^ rugged parts (Ntargolis 1 954b J 955; Leung 1967). C nodosus is here assigned lentattvely to subgenus Cynmus. The mouthparts have not yet been fully described. The maxilliped palp is lacking in adults (Margolis 1955). Cyamus (Cyamus) ovaiis Rouasel de VauzemCt 1834 (Hg.5) Cyamus ovalis Lfitken 1873; Iwasa 1934 (PL V[>; Stephensen 1942; Margolis [955; Leung 1967. Cyamus tenrcuor Dsll , 1874. Material Examined: Ofl Alaska, souihem Benng Sea, ex nghl whale - era! male &. female specimens (idec^ttficd for D. Rice, Dec. 1%4 & Jan. 1965, CMN collections. Southern Bering Sea, ex nghi whatc - 5 ie\eral mylcs & females (idenuficd fot D. Rice in Dec. 1964, Jan. 1965- CMN collections. Diagnosis; Male (to 16 mm). Body medium broad, whdest at segments 3 & 4, lobes little separated. Peraeon segmeiu 1 broad^ anterior margin convex; peraeon segments 6 & 7 each with pair of obliquely set ventral spines. Head medium long, sharply broadenied at fused peraeon segment 1 * Eyes subovatc. black. Antenna 1 s| ende r, elongate , 4-seginentcd, sc gmcnis 1 -3 subequal , segment 4 short, narrowing, with apical and laieraJ setae. .Antenna 2 short, segments short, 2 3 larger and subequaJ, segment 4^. apex subtruncate, short- setose. Mouthparts: Upper Up narrow, shallowly notched apical I y, 1 obes su beq uul , Lower i i p re I aii ve I y narrow' , outer lobes quite narrow, subacute; inner lobes fused except for sharp apical notch. Body of mandi ble short, stout; incisors 5-6 dentate; molar flat, weakly ridged, with proximal molar seta; left lacinla 5-dentate; 6-7 blades in spine row; right lactnia indistinctly tiifid; 3- 4 blades in spine row, Maxilla 1 short, broad, wdth six .stout pectinate apical spine-teeth: palp short, thick, proximal, rounded apex with stiff setae. Maxilla 2 short* smalL inner plate with 2-3 apical setae* distinctly exceeded by apcally setose outer plate, Maxilliped palp large, present in adults; segment 6 longest, dactyl short,acuteJnner margin strongly pectinate; basis (seg- ment 2) large, totally separated from opposing mem- ber, apical {inner) plate rounded, setose, exceeding short, weakly setose segment 3, Gnathopod I small, slender, 6-segmented; basis with trace of coxal attachment; segment 3 distinct, nearly as long as wide; segment 4 short, with short anterior free margin; segment 5 large* almost sub- rectangular; propod slightly larger* shallow, with sharply concave palm and broadly rounded posterior angle; dactyl short, slightly curved. Gnathopod 2 short, stout* appearing 5-segmented; basis short, thick, with shallow anterodistal flange; segment 3 narrow, distinct; segment 4 subtriangular* lacking anterior free margin; segment 5 cryptic; seg- ment 6 (propod) large, deeply subovaie, narrowing distal I y, palm a short sharp notch, with strong hinge and proximal teeth; dactyl short, moderately curved. Coxal gills ntedium long, slender, slightly exceed- ing head, unequally triple on peraeon 3, unequally quadruple on peraeon segment 4. Peraeopods 5-7 short, stout, strong* 5-segmented, peraeopod 7 slightly Smallest; segments fused to short AMPHIPACIRCA VOL, II K04. OCT 10,2000 75 Fig. 6, C. (Cyamus) erraticus (Roussel de Vauzeme^ 183^ Male (13,2mm; female (10.5 mm), ei Eubaiaena giadaih, Sooke, B. C. [after Iwasa 1934; Inset: after Margolis 1955). AMPHIPACIRCA VOL II N04. OCT. 10.2000 76 basis having ventra] facia] adhesion spine; segment 4 small; segment 5, deep, hind mar^n short, toothed: propod elongaic-ovaic, palm Indjstinct; dactyi short, medium curved. Fused pleopods of male incised laterally, with deep apical notch. Female (ov.) (to 13. 2 mm): Coxal gills unequally double on peraeopods 3 and 4. Gnathopod 2 with relatively brrjad palm and sharper palmar teeth. Brood lamellae large, ovate, margins setose. Remarks : Cyarmts ( CyamtiS^ oialh exh i bi ts general 1 y plesiomoqshic character states, considerably more so than C. fApocyamus) scarnmonL The species is not uncommon, especially in the western North Pacific (Twasa 1934) but, to dale, the species has not been recorded from the coast of British Columbia. Cvurnus (Cyamus) e/rati^us R. de Vauzeme, 1834 { Fig. 6 ) Cyamus erraiictis Liitken 1873; Iwasa 1934; Mar got is 1955 ( ^ CyrtJ?iU5 gtacialis). ParacyatnuserraiicusBsim&Td 1 932; Stephensen 1942, Material Examined: Off west coast Vancoy^ er fsknd, B C.. ex skin, black nght u hale iHakem gkiaaiis), liinded at Coal Harbojr Whaling SiaLon, G. C. Pike cdU. * ^40 males, 55 females, i ncEuding juveniles of each( identified by LeoMargolis.Feb, 2, 1954, (PBS J2.54 ). Sou them Bering Sea. ex right whale {Bafaena ghcialis) -several males & females (identified for D. Ricc, Dec. 1964; Jan. 1965), CMN collecuons. Off Japan, ex 2 right whales {Baiaetta giadatis) - several males & females {identified for D Rice. Dec, 1964; Jan 1965, CMN collections. Diagnosis: Male {to 13,2 mm, or larger in specimens from .Atlantic and southern hemisphere (Margolis, 1955). Body medium large, broadest at peraeon segments 3 & 4. Peraeon segments 5 & 6 each with 2 pairs of ventral spines (anterior pair larger); peraeon segment? with one pair of stout adhesion spines. Head medium longer, expanded basal ly. Antenna 1 slender^ 4-segmented, segments subequal; segment 4 subacute, with apical and lateral se rules . .Antenna 2, medium -short. 4-segmented; segment 1 very shorty 3 longesl, 2 medium, swollen; segment 4 acute, with apical and marginal setuJes. Moulhparts; Upper hp narrow, wnth shallow apical notch; lobes subequal; epistome prominent. Lowerlip^ outer lobes narrow, inner margins straight; inner lobes tail, apically sharply separated. Mandibular incisor ,5- den fate; left bcinia large, 5-den fate, with 6-7 Nades extending alongside molar; right lacinia narrow\ tri- dentate, with distal flat process; several short blades in spine row proximaJly; mdarflat. with proximal plum- ose seta. Maxilla 1 narrow, apex with 6 stout pectin- ate spine-teeth; palp set proximal I y, longer than wide, with numerous strong apical setae, and outer marginal setules. Maxilla 2 small, inner lobe distinct, apex w ith two setae; outer plate distinct, narrow , truncate apex strongly setose. Maxilliped palp 4-segmented, reia- tively stout, usually present in adults, especially fe* male; segment 6 distinctly longest, dactyl strong, acute, finely pectinate disially; basis fused proximally to opposite number, lobe prominent, disially setulose, not exceeded by distal ]y setulose segment 3, Gnathopod I small, 6-segmented; segment 3 small but distinct; segment 4 with short anterior margin: segme ni 5 subrectangular; segment 6 ( pro pod) expand - ing distally^ palm straight, nearly vertical, with small median tooth and sharply rounded proximal angle: dactyl short, slightly curved, Gnathopod 2 short, stout, appearing 4-segmented (3 fused w^ith 2 and 5 cryptic); basis With strong bifurcate anterodlstaj flange: segment 4 short, with short distal pric>cess: propod shallowly subovate, palm medium, shallowly concave, both hinge tooth and proximal tooth weak; dactyl medium, gently curved. Coxal gills single, slender, elongate; accessory gilts short, paired, posterior longer, apices acute, sexually dimorphic. Peraeopods 5-7 very short, siouhsegmeni 4 lacking anterior free margin; segment 5 deeper than long; propod narrowing distally; dactyl strong Female: (ov,)(To 1 0.5 mm): peraeon segments 5 & 7 w ith I pair of stout ventral adhesion spines; peraeon 6 with 2 pairs of spines, anterior pair larger. Coxal gilts each withsingle irregularly lofcateaccessory gill. Brood lamellae marginally setose. Remarks: C. (Cyamus) erraticus is distinguished by the two pairs of ventral spines on peraeon segment 6, and by the sexually dimorphic accessory gills. Cyamus (Cyamus) gracilis R. de Vauz^me, 1834 (Rg.7) Cyamus gracilis LUtken 1873; Margolis 1955; Leung 1967 Paracyamus grat:ilis Barnard 1932, AMPHIPACfHCA VOL II N04. OCT. 10.2000 77 Fig. 7* Cyamus (Cyamus) graciUs (R* de Male (10 mm); Female (m .) (8 mni), ex Eubalaena glaciaiiSy North Pacific Ocean [ after Jwasa (1934); Inset: after Lutken (1873)]. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL.Il N04. OCT. 10,2000 7S Material EjcamiAedL Vicioriaf Mass,, USA, ^ nojxhern rtjeht whale, Rowntree colJ., 29i'W/86. Male, female slide mounts. CMN colltc- lious. Ori gtnal male nal ei sou theni ri ghl w hale , Bq heuoaiistraU'i ^ Di^gnoftis: Male (to 10 mm). Head narrows elongate, slightly widenmg at fused peraeon segment K Body relatively slender, long- ovate in outline: bnoadest at peraeon segments 3 & 4. Peraeon segment 2 large, deep, shield-shaped: peraeon segments 5-7 lobate laterally, sloped posteriorly, each with single pair of Ventral spines. A nteruia 1 relati ve I y s hort 1 i ttle I onger than head , 4- segmented; segments i-3 subequal; segment 4 slender, relatively long, apex subacute, weakly setose. An- tenna 2 medium, 4-segmenled, Mouthparts: Upper lip, lobes subs^anmetrioaU epistome prominent. Lovi^er lip, outer lobes sharply narrow ingdis tally, inner lobes deeply separated apic- ally. Mandibular incisor (Edentate; left lacinia scal> rous; right lacinia whth single large tooth; 2 blades in left, 5 blades in right sfwnc row; molar flat, with prominent proximal seta. Maxilla 1, outer plate with 6 spine -teeth on each side. Maxilla 2, outer plate large, setose. Maxilliped palp lacking in adult stages; seg- ment 3 small, Gnathopod 1 small, slender. 6- segmented; propod ovate, palm oblique, proximal tooth weak, rounded. Gnathopod 2 short, appearing 4-segmented; propod elongate, sheilJow, narrowing distally; palm shallowly concave, nearly horizontal; dactyl medium, moder- ately curved. Coxal gills single, slender, medium length, with short subequaJ accessory gills. Peraeopods 5-7 slender, medium long; peraeopod 7 slightly shortest; basis slender, lacking processes, fused with segment 3; segment 4 small, lacking free anterior margin; segment 5 (carpus) very large, long, antero- distal process overhanging propod; propod elongate, shallow, narrowingdis tally; dactyl long, gently curved. Male pleopods as in C. ovaiij. Female (ov.)(to 10,0 mm): peraeoti broadest at segments 4 & 5, broader than in male. Gnathopod 2, propod apparently lacking palmar teeth, Remarks: Cyamtis (C.) gracUis is ectopamsitic on the northern right whale but has seldom been recorded from the North Pacific region, and not to date from the North .American sector. Subgenus Faracyamus Sars^ revived status T ype Species : Cyamus boopis Liitken, 1S70 Species: Cyaims balaenopterae K. H. Barnard. 1931; pacific^ Liitken, 1873. Diagnosis: Head, elongate, sharply broadened posteriorly. Peraeon 2-4, segments narrow , distinctly separaied. Peraeon segment 2 subrectangular, hind comers pro- duced. Peraeon &e gments 5-6 w i th pai red ventral spi nes ; peraeon segment 7 broadened postcriorly. Mouihparts basic. Upper lip. epistomc strongly developed. Lower lip, outer lobes broad, inner lobes shoiiL. deeply separated. Left mandible, lacinia iiregu- iariy 4-5-dentate; 24 blades in spine row, Maxilla L outer plate with 6 apical spine’- teeth on each side, inner distal margin nearly bare. Maxilla 2, outer plate rela- ti vei y small , litti e exceeding inner pi ate. Maxi 1 1 1 ped, palp usually lost in adult stage. Gnathopod 1, palm regularly oblique. Gnathopod 2 stout, 4-5 segmented; propod medium deep, palm shallow, nearly horizontal, dactyl medium. Peraeo- pods 5-7 strongly developed; carpus deep; propotl elongate-ovate, dactyl strong. Coxal gills single, medium, slender. .Accessory gills smalL paired and subequal on each side. Male pleopods w ith medium deep distal notch. Remarks: The genus Paracyofniis Sars, 1895 was submerged w Ith i n the genus Cyamus by Margol i s ( 1 955, 1959), The maxilliped palp is retained in the adult stage of most members of subgenus Cyamus, but lost in most species of the other three subgenera. This character slate alone is therefore insufficient grounds for subgeneriejet alone full generic recognition, How'- ever, consistent differences in other mouthparts and general body features noted above, and in the key (p, 66) are here considered reasonable bases for resurrec- tion cf a modified subgeneric concept of Paracyamus Sars. The status Cyamus (P . ) pacifica Liitken and its cetacean host i s uncertain. This ectoparasite has appar- ently not been recorded from the northeastern Pacific region. AMPHIPACIRCA VOL. fl N04. OCT. 10,2000 79 CT VENTR PERAEON VENTR COX GILL ACC GILL Fig. 8. CjJ/nus hoopis Ltitken, 187U, Male (12 mm); female {ov,) (7.2 mm). ^ Megaptera novaeangliae. North Pacific Ocean (after Sars 1895; inset* after Margolis 1955). AMPHIPACIRCA VOL. fl NO 4. OCT. 10,2000 SO Cyamus (Paracyamus) bf)opL^ Ltitk^n, 1S70 < Fig. 8) Cvi3^5 hoopis LUiken 1S73; MargoHs 1955: Leung 1967. Paracyamus bf.yopis Sars 1895; Stephensen 1942: Barnard 1932; Margolis 1954a; Row ntree 1996. Cyamus suffusus Ml, lS72a. ^iongatus Hiroj 1938. Material Examined: Off Vancouver Island, ^kin a]‘ humpback whale fMegaptem novaeittigIi{te}, summer^ 1952, PBS J7-53 - many male, female &. juvenile specimens (3 males and 3 females studied , slide mounts prepared, CMN colleciions- 60 miles NE of Hawke's Island. Labrador, western Nonh Atlantic Ocean, s£. skin, hum pback w hale nodosa R. L. Stevenson coll.. 1 Sept., 1950, PBS B5-55 -3 mature males., 2 young males, I mature female, 2 Immature feimales [forw arded by Dr. D. E. Sergeant FRB], CMN collections. Off South Afnca? , ex skin, humpback whale Megaptera fiodoso PBS B29-54 - 9 mature males, 2 mature females, 4 immature female Isent from, South African Museum by Dr. K. H. Barnard, 28 Apnl, 1954; no other data]. CMN conccltons. Tonga Island, South Pacific Ocean, humpback whale Megdptera novoeangfiae, PBS B9’64 - 6 specimens [rec'd from Dr Yuk-maan Leung, Aug.24, 1964], CMN eohcc^ lions. Diagnosis: Mak (to 12 mm, or larger). Body slender, Peraeon segments 5-7 each with pair of ventral adhesion spines. Head slender, elongate. Antenna 1 slender, elongate, segments I & 2 subequal; Antenna 2^ regular. segment 3 longest. Mouthparts; Upper lip with shallow median notch ^ lobes subequal, epistome moderate. Lower lip, outer lobes broad, inner lobes narrow, deeply separated distally. Mandikilar left lacinia 4'5-dentate. wdth 4 proximal blades; right lacinia tiifid, with 2 proxima] blades in spine tow. Maxilla 2 small, inner lobe disiinct.apically short setose, exceeded by distinct set- ose outer lobe. Maxilliped palp lacking in adult speci- mens (Sars 1895; Margolis 1955); basis weakly fused to opposite number, lobe marginally setose. Gnathopod L segment 3 distinct; propod deep, palm oblique. Gnathopod 2, segment 2 with large ant- erior flange; propod with small palmai teeth; dactyl short. Coxal gills single, slender, elongate; accessory gills at base of coxal gills are spine-like in e.arly stages, subequal I y bifurcate in aduk males and females |no ventral 5|:«nes present (see Margolis 1955)]. Peraeopod 5-7 stout, 5-segmented, Basis short; propod el on gate- ovate, lacking palm; dactyl strongly curved. Mai e pleopods deepi y notched di stall y . Penes short, curved medially. Female (ov.) (to 7,2 mm-i-); peraeon 5 with 2 pairs of ventral adhesion spines. 1 pair on each cd peraeon 6 & 7. Brood lamellae regular, margins setose. Remarks: Cymnus (C.j boopis is apparently host spe- cific to the humpback whale {Megaptera novae - angliae). Maxilliped palps are present in juveniles (to “6 mm) but are lacking in mature females of Atlantic and Pacific populations. The description of Cyaffiw.s ehngaius HiroJ938, from the western Pacific, was apparently based on juvenile specimens oi' C.hifopis (Margolis 1955). Cyamus {Porocyamus} balaenoptem^ K, H, Barn- ard, 193L (Fig. 9) Cyamus balaenc^pierae Barnard 1932; Stephen&en 1942; Margolis 1959; Leung 1967. Cyamus pacificus Lutken, 1873 ? Material Examined; Off Vajieou\er Island, B. C. , ex m inke whale (Bnkieiioptera aeuWrosirata), 1955? - 5 male, 4 immature female sped -mens (ideniificd for G. Clifford Carl, Febru- ary, 1956 (see Margolis, 1959), CMN colleciious. Off Catifomia, ci skin of blue whale; 2 specimens (id- entified for Dale Rice, February , and Apnl, 1964, CMN colleciions. Diagnosis: Male (to 5.0 mm). Body slender to medium-broad, widest at peraeon se gments 4-5, Peraeon segme nt 2 s ubrectangul ar^ not deep; peraeon segments 3 & 4, lobes narrow, moder- ate! y separated ; peraeon segme nt 7 di sta] ly s obtruncate , Peraeon segments 5-1 each with single pair of stout ventral (adhesion) spines. Head elongate, posteriorly sharply broadened at fused peraeon segment 1 ; eyes small, round. Antenna 1 relatively short and stout, 4-segmented; segmenis 1 larger than subequal segments 2 & 3: segment 4 short, rounded, with apical and lateral set- ules. Antenna 2 small, segment 1 very short, 3 longest. 2 not broadened, 4 with a[»cal setal tuft. Mouthparts: Upper lip narrow, apical I y sharply notched. Lower lap. outer lobes narrow, sharply rounded, with strong inryer distal setules; inner lobes, low, deeply separated. Mandibular incisor 4-5 dent- ate; molar flat, weakly triturative and setulose, with AMPHIPACIFICA VOL II NO 4. OCT, 10,2000 SI Fig. 9, Cyamus (Par^cyamus) bal4ienopterae Barnard, 1931. Male (5,0 mm); female (4.2 mm), ex Balaenoptera acutirosirata, off Vancouver L, B. C. AMFHIPACIHCA VOL, II N04. OCT. 82 thin proxjma] seta; left lacinia tridentate. with 1 shon proximal blade; right ladnia tricuspate, with single proximal blade. Maxilla I short, stout apex with 6 longish pectinate spine-teeth; palp relatively large, proxi mal ly wi th numerous strong api cal sc tae . Maxi 11a 2 medium, Inner lobe distinct apex with 2 unequal setae; outer plate small » disci net apical ] y w eakl y setose . Maxilliped palp lacking in adults: basis medium, lobe shallow, weakly setose; Segment 3 small, little exceed- ing seg-ment 2, margin setose. Gnathopod 1 small, 6-segmented; propodal palm steeply oblique. Gnathopod 2 large, essentially 4-seg- mented. narrow segment 3 is anteriorly fused within large flange of short stout basis; segment 4 rounded behind; segment 6 large, deep, subovate; Coxal gills elongate slender, single; accessory' gills elongate (not triangular), unequal iy bifid at base of each gill fin male), posterior lobe extending slightly beyond peracon margiru Peraeopods 5-7 short, stout, subequal, essentially 5- segmenied, segment 3 anteriorly fused writJi short basis that bears a small anterior flange and sharp inner facial adhesion spine; segment 4, anterior margin short or lacking; segment 5 large, deep; segment 6 (propod) large^ elongate-ovate, lacking palm; dactyl large strongly curved. Male pleopods deeply separated apical! y. Penes, broadly triangular, nearly straighL Female (ov.) (to 4.2 mm): coxal gills shorter, more sausage-like; gnathopods smaller and more slender than in male. Brood lamellae forrn large subcircular pouch, margins strongly short -setose. Remarks: Margolis ( 1959) could detect no noticeable difference between his material from a B. C. sei w hale and that from a South African blue whale, on loan from the British Museum. Despite general host specificity of cyamids, C. haiaenopterae has been identified on blue, frn, and minke whales, suggesting little or no mtxiifi cation during evolution of present rorqual spe- cies from a presumed common ancestor. This phenom- enon may be attributabk to hybridization af‘ blue and fin whales that apparently occurs at greater frequency than among other Mystketi ,and i s geographi cal 1 y wide- spread (Berta & Sumkh 1999). Tlius, Margolis (1959) anticipated C. Maenoptera to be found also on Sei and Bryde's whaks. This surmise might be carefully checked by re-examination of ectoparasites from all five rorqual species that occur commonly along the B, C. coast. new subgenus Type species: Cyamus mesoruhraeihn new species. Species: Cyamits orubraeJon Waller, i 989; Cyainii^ caiodoniis Margolis. 1954a. Diagnosis: Body medium to large, Peracon segment 2 sub- rectangular. comers lobate. Peraeon segments S7 each with a pair of well -dev el oped ventral spines. Peraeon 7 hour-glass shaped, broadening posteriorly. Head medium, posteriorly strongly bulging. Anten- nae medium strong. Mouthparts regular. Upper lip with weak epi- stom. Lower lip, outer lobes broad. Left mandible, lacinia irregularly dentate; 0-3 blades in spine row : Maxilla I . outer plate usually writh 7 apical spine-teeih; inner distal margi n fi ne I y se lose. Maxil I a 2, outer plate 3 arge , Maxilliped trending to loss of palp in adult stage. Gnathopod I, palm toothed, oblique. Gnathopod 2 stout, 4-segmented, propod elongate-ovate, dactyl strong- Peraeopods 5-7 stout, carpus broad, propod and dactyl long, strong. Coxal gills single, slender. Accessory^ gills medium, paired on each side. Male pleopods, distal notch medium deep. Remar ks: The kno w n speci es w i thi n thi s subgen us a re ectoparasiics of advanced Mysticeti {Eschrichtim) and primitive Odontoceti (Ziphiidae. Physeter). Cyamus (Mesacyamus) calodontis Margolis^ 19S4a (Hg. 10) Cyajnus boopis var. pkyseteris Pouchet, 1 888. CyaJWis Mfodri/th.? Margolis 1955; Leung 1967. MaierLal examined: T y pe 3 ots : £X P/iy.vcf er tnacTocephaiui- ( Margol i s ori g- i nal descri pti on, l£3£dl. ) ; slide mount (ELB -E,AH prep.) , August, 2000 (Paratype), CM NC 2000-0003. Diagnosis: Male (to 7.2 mm ) Bcniy short, broadening posteriorly to segment 5; peraeoped segment 2 subrectangular, 3 & 4 narrow, lobes laterally separated; segment 6 slightly narrower than 5; lobes curved (arched) posteriorly; peraeon 7 broad subtriangular, hind margin gently convex; ven- tral surface of 6-7 each wvith single pair of stout adhe- sion spines. Antenna I strong, segment 1 thickest; segment 2 AMPHIPACIFICA VOL n NO 4. OCT. 10,2000 S3 Fig* 10* Cyamus (Mesocyamus) catodontis MargoJis, 19^4* Male (Holotype) (7.2 mm); female (allotype) (5.9 mm); ex P hyseier macrocephalus (Inset: after MargoUs 1954a)* AMPHIPAOnCA VOL tl NO 4. OCT. 10,2000 84 thinner, subequal in length; segment 3 slender, shorter; segment 4 slender, with lateral marginaJ and apacal setae, Antenna 2 ver> short. 4-segmented. segment 4 distinct. Mouthparts: Upper lip weakiy incised apically. Lovter lip , outer lobes broad inner ntargin setose. Mandibular incisor appearing 4-5 dentate (iridendaie in original description). Maxilla L paJip medium, apic- ally setose; outer plate apparently with 7 apical pecti- nate spine-teeth, and finely setose inner distal margin. Maxi! I a 2 , oute r plate smal ] but dl sti net, apical I y setose , not exceeding inner plate, having 2 apical setae. MaxilJiped palp usually (but not always) present in adult male and female; basis nearly completely sepa- rated from opposite member; segment 3 small, weajdy setulose, not exceeding marginally setose lobe of basis- Gnathopod I medium small, 6* segmented; basis slender; segment 3 narrow, lacking distinct anterior margin; segment 4 short; segment 5 short, medium deep; propod deep-ovate; palm oblique, with medium hinge tooth remote from base of regular dactyl. Gnaih- opod 2 short, stout, appearing 4-segmented; propod deep, palnw and hinge teeth well developed, Coxal gills single, medium-elongate, slender; acces- sory^ gills paired, short, subequal, apices subacute, posterior lobe slightly the larger; palm medium con- vex. Peraeopods 5-7 short, Very powerful, 5- segmented; peraeopod 7 slightly shortest; basis very' short, broad, with strong cur^^ed anterior marginal cu&p and stout ad hesion tooth at posterior angle ; se gme nt 4 smal U wi th no anterior free margin; segment 5 large, deep, with antero^distal process overhanging base of large, elon- gate propod. lacking palm: dactyl very large, powerf ul, very' strongly curved (arched). Male pleopods with medium deep apcaJ notch. Penes relatively long, slender, slightly curved. Female (ov.)( to 5.9 mm); peraeon segments 5, 6, & 7) each have 1 pair of ventral adhesion spines. Maxi 11 1 ped pal pf req uenti y I acki n g i n adul t stage . Coxal gills relatively short and thick. Brood lamellae Bubtriangular, with short marginal setae. Remarks: The species has not been taken since the original lot, possibly because of closure of whaling industry (since l%2). Cyami^M /?ah£imjOfi^£i Buzeta, 1963, from the North Atlantic region, differs from ca^odaft/is in having two pairs of ventral spines on peraeon 7, and the accessory gills (male) are equally bifurcated, wUh tips rounded (Leung l%7). Cyanius (Mes(Kyamus) ?>ru6rae4on Waller, 1989 (Fig. 11) Material Examined: Northwest PaL’ific Ocean, 44®29‘ N, 149* 26' E; eijaivs of Band’s beaked whale ivtird//] ^ many speevrpens, including maje& and females ten .); sent to Leo Margolis by Dr. Vuk-Maan Leung, 24 Apnl, 1964; {PBS B6-64). Caiiforriia tlocalm undet.), ei Berardiiti - 1 Mai of specimens, ideniined for Dale Riice, February and again in April, 1964, CMN collections. Caiiromia&: Japan ( kK.'alili es undeierin i ned 1 fter/jrdtu.'^ ifairdii: 2 vials of specimens identified for V.M. Leung, Aprih 1964, CMN codeciions- Wcsi coast Vancouver L, tx Bemrdiiti bitfrtiiK Aug. 14. ] 964 - mal e (8 rtun ), sli de mou ni, ( PB S B5-95) , CM N coll ’s. Diagnosis; Male (8.0 mm). Body relatively slender, widest al peraeon segment 3; peraeon segment 2 nalTow^ subrectangular; seg- ments 3 & 4 narrow, wings widely seprated; peraeon segments 5 6 laterally reOected; peraeon segment 7 deep, subtri angular, hind margin subtruncate. Head elongate, broadened at fused peraeon seg- ment 1. Eyes medium, oval. Antenna 1 short, 4- segmented; segments 1 & 2 stout, 2 the shorter. An- tenna 2 medium, 4-3egmenled. Mouthparts: Upper lip medium broad, low er margin sharply notched.fi nely setul ose ; lobe s subeq ual . Lower lip, outer lobes narrow', not widely separated, inner distal margin nearly straight, richly short-setose; inner lobes slightly separated apicaJly. Mandible shorty broad; incisor 5'dentate; molar flat, minutely pilose, with proximal seta; left lacinia large. 5-dcntate* with single small proximal blade; right lacinia irifid. w'ifh 2 short proximal blades. Maxilla I large, apical margin of outer plate oblique, armed with with 7 (6) tongish pectinate spine-teeth. Right palp relatively large and thick, inserted mainly distal I y. with strong apical setae only. Maxilla 2 medium; inner plate distinct, rela- tively large, with 1 apical seta, little exceeded by broad outer plate, apex convex, with stiff setae. Maxilliped palp lacking In adults: segment 2 {basVs) medium, fused proximal I y with opposite member, with small , nearly bare lobe (2 setae), little exceeded by rounded apically setose segment 3. Gnathopod J slender, d-segmented; propod paim medium oblique, palm short. Gnathopod 2 powerful, appear! ng4-segmented; propod stout, palm shallowly concave, nearly horizontal, Peraeopods 5-7 sirong; basis short: carpus deep, toothed; propod shallowly long-ovate; dactyl strong. AMPHiPACinCA VOL, II N04. OCT. 10,2000 85 PLPD DORSAL LFT / RT MXPD MXPD Fig. IL Cyamas (Mesocyamus) ombraed&n Waller, 1989. Male (8 mm), ^ Berardius bairdi. off west coast Vancouver L, B. C. (Upper inset: after Waller 1989). AMMPACIHCA VOL. II NO 4. OCT. 10.2000 86 VENTR MXPD Fig. 12. Cyamus (Mesocyamus) mesorubraedon d. sp. Male (IS mm); female (9.5 mm) ex Eschrichtius robustus, Sooke, B. C. AMPHIPACinCA VOL. IJ N04. OCT. 10, :000 87 Coxal gills single, slender. Accessor>' gills small, double* pkaired on each side. Male pleopods medium deeply separately apical fy, apices rcmndett strongly semJose. Female: (to 6 mm) (not described)^ Remarks: Waller's original description and illustration of Cyamus oruhraedon was limited and contained little information about the mouthparts. The species is known only from the beaked whale Berardius bairdii Cyamus (M^s^ocyamus) mesorubraedon, n* sp. ’ ( Fig. 12 ) Material Examined: OuLer coast of Vancouver Island, Eritish Columbia, ^ skin of cacheloL {Physeier macrocephalus) (no other data?) Malefl^Tnm) (Holotype), CMNC2O00-Ci0ri7Temalc{ov.) (6.5 mm) (Allotype), CMNC lOOC^-OOO; male (12 mm?), slide mount (Paratype)^ CMNC 2000-(X)09, Diagnosis: Male (to 18 mm): female (to 9,5 mm). Body large* medium, broad widest at poeraeon segment 4; peraeon 2 subrectangular: peraeon segment 6 with two pairs of ventrai adhesion spines. Head medium. Antenna 1 strong., regular, 4-seg* mented; segments 3 Sl 2 subequal, segment 3 shorter, segment 4 apically and marginally setulose. Antenna 2 small, segments I & 4 short, small. Mouth pru: Upper lip narrow, regularly incised apically, lobes unequal, Low^er lip, inner lobes sepa- rated distally; outer lobes narrow'-, not widely spaced. Matidibular incisor 4- 5-dentate; left iacinia irregularly denticulate, with 3 short blades in spine row^; molar broad,flat,fine!y ridged, w ith stout proximal seta; right lacinia distally ere nul ate, with 2 stout proximal blades. Maxilla I short, broad, with 7 medium-tall pectinate spine-teeth on both sides; palp shod with narrow blade-like apical setae. Maxilla 2 small; outer plate large, rounded, apex with strong narrowly blade -I ike setae, distinctly exceeding smail inner plate, apex with 2 setae. Maxilliped. basal segment lacking distomed- ia| marginal setules. Gnathopod 1 appearing 4-segmented; propod sul> ovale, palm nearly horistontaU with strong hinge tooth and weak proximal tooth. Gnathopod 2 short, stout, 5- segmented; basis with large anterodistal flange; seg- ment 3 distinct; segment 5 cryptic; propod short, very^ deep: palm short, shallowly concave, hinge and proxitil teeth small , rounded ; dac tyl regula r, notstrong I y cur^^ed. Coxa! gills long, slender, single, each with double accessory gills, posterior gills slightly the longer. Peraeopods 5-7 short, compact: peraeopod 7 dis- tinctly smallest; basis with anterior teeth or cusps; segment 3 nearly completely fused with distal protLon of segment 2; segment 4 with distinct anterior margin; propod small, ovale; palm with distinct hinge tooth. Male pleopods fused nearly totally, distai margin with small medial deft. Penes subtri angular. Female (o v. ) (6,5 mm ) (.A 1 1 otype ): dj sti netJ y smal 1 er than male. Coxal gills slender, little shorter than in male. Inner margins of brood lamellae lined with fine setae, Etymology : The species is near C. orubraedon and represents an intemtediate conditon between primitve and advanced members of the genus Cyamns, hence the combining name "meso'’ + "rubraedon". Remarks: C. {Mes(}cyamiis) mesoruhFoedfm co-oc- curs with C. (ApiKyamusj} eschrichdi but is readily distinguished by its larger size, more donga le slender gills, and more fx^werful peraeopods 5-7. new subgenu& Type species: Cyamus sewnmani Dali, 1872. Specie s;Cyamw5 kesskri Brandt, 1 872; Cyamus esch- richiii, new species. Diagnosis: Body very large and broad. Peraeon segment 2 not rectangular, broadest medially or posteriorly; peraeon ventral spines present, various: peraeon segment 7 rectangular or rounded behind. Head short, broad, little longer than wide. Antenna 1 relatively short, segments thick. Mouthparts modified. Upper lip, epistome weakly or not produced. Lower lip, inner lobes trending to distal fusion. Left mandible, lacinia modified, scab- rous; usually 2 blades in spine row. Maxilla 1, outer plate mostly with 7 apical spine teeth on each side, inner distal margin finely setose. Maxilla 2 inner plate trending to reduction and fusion with outer plate, Maxilliped palp trending to loss in adult stage. Gnathopod 1, pialm shallow, oblique, teeth weak. Gnathopod 2 appearing 4-segmented: propod short, palm sharply concave, dactyl short. Peraeopods 5-7 not powerfully developed, propods and dactyl short. Coxal gills stout, single or double; accessory' gills paired on each side, well developed, Male pleopods with shallow distal notch. Etymology : In balance, character states of the sub- genus are considered most advanced of all subgenera wdthin the genus, hence the name "apo'' -i- "cyamus". AMPHIPACIFICA VOL, JI NO 4. OCT. 10,2000 DORSAL cr VENTRAL GN1 VENTRAL DORSAL Fig* 13* Cyamus (Apocyamits) scammoni Dall^ 1872* Male (14 mm); female (ov.) (12 mtn). £X Eschrichtiu^ robustus, Sooke, B. C. AMPHIPACIRCA VOL, II K04. OCT. 10,2000 S9 Fig, 14, Cyamus (Apocymus ) ^cammani Dali, 1872, (peraeopods and mouthpaits) AMPHIPACIRCA VOL ir N04. OCT- 10,2000 90 Remarks. Although speci allied in coxai gill moiphol - ogy, the type species C. (A, /, scammoni exhibiis both apomorphic and plesiomoq^hic character states. All species are primary ectoparasites of the Gray whaEe, Eschrichtim robusms. Cyamus {Apoyamus) scammoni Datk 1872 (Figs. 13, 14) Cyafms scammoni DalL 1872a; Andrews 1914; Mar- go! is 1954b. 1955; Hurley & Mohr 1957; Leung 1967; l^ung 1976. Material Examined: Sookc, B, C, . ex sttanded gray whale j rfjb- ttstus), G, L. Rercher coll., Oct. 29’Nov. l i'89 - '-25ma]es, females (ov.), + imm., slide mounts, CMN collections, California, various locations, ejs. - 20 graj. whale (Dale Rice mentions Ya-Maan Learg coll), 2 April, large numbers of specimens (Spcei metis of C. kesi;leri also taken and sent toL. Margolis, 17 April, 1964), CMN collections. St Lawrence Island, Benng Sea, Alaska Cray whale - mar>' specimens ( identified for Bud Fay by L. Margo! ts, March, 1955), CMN collcciions. Dragnosis: Male (to 27 mm). Body very broad, Peraeon segments 3 & 4 broadest, dorsaily light purple in colour. Peraeon segments 2 to 7 very broad, interspace relatively rLarrow% lateral mar- gins conve?;. Peraeon segment 6 w’iih pair of w^eak ventral adhesion spines. Head short, very broad posteriorly at fused peraeon segment I, Eyes small, round, weakly pigmented. Antenna I , segments shore medium thick; segment 1 I argest; segme nt 4 sle ode r, apex acute , setui ose , An- tenna 2 4-segmented; segnient 3 longest; segment 4 relatively large, apex rounded, finely setose, Vlouthparts: Upper lip shallowly notched below, lobes slightly asymmetrical. Lower lip with strong i nne r I obes, di stal 1 y se parated; outer ( mandi bul ar) I obes large, not widely spaced. Mandibular incisors 5-6 dentate; molar flat; with proximal seta; left lacinia 5- dentate.w^ith 2+ short thick blades proximal ly; right lacinia with a main tooth and irregular denticules. Maxilla 1 short, broad, with 7 short pectinate apical spine-teeth on each side, inner distal margin finely setose: left palp proximal, relatively large, apex rounded, multi-setose. Maxilla 2 small; outer plate large, distinct, extending beyond inner plate^ apex broadly rounded , wi th stiff setae; Inner plate small but distinct, apex with 1-2 medium setae, Maxilliped short; palp relatively short, always present in adults; segments 4 & 5 shorter than 6; dactyl short, acute, medial margin finely pectinate; basal segment totally separated from opposite member: inner lobe dtslincu margin multisetose; segment 3 w ith small outer lobe, margin with several short setae. Gnathopod 1 medium strong, 6-segmented, segment 3 distinct; segments 4 & 5 subcqual; propod elongate, nearly para I lei -sided; palm vety short, nearly vertical, lacking proximal tcjoth; dactyl medium, unguis fused Gnathopod 2 stout, powferful, appearing 5-segmented; segment 3 partly fused to stout basis and shallow’ anterior marginal flange; segment 4 small, lacking distinct anterior margin; segment 5 narrow'. Coptic; propod large, deeply elongate-ovate; palm short, un- evenly concave, very shallowly oblique, hinge tooth large, acute, larger than proximal palmar tcx>th; dactyl medium large, gently curved. Coxal gills elongate, double, sharply spirally coiled, arising from common basal stalk, held venrraliy; acces- sory gills present, distinct, turgid, unequally paired, Peraeopods 5-7 short, not very robust; segment 3 distinct; segment 4 with small anterior margin; seg- ment 5 as deep as long, wnth antero-distal process overhanging base of |ropod; propod relatively short, subovate. lacking palm; dactyl short, curved. Male plcopods with medium t.ieep distal cleft. Pe- nes short, curved medially. Female (ov.) (to J7 mm): peraeon segments 6 & 7 each with pair of weak adhesion spines h Brood lamella large, ovate, forming circular brfxxi pouch, margins finely seto&e. Coxal gills coiled as in male, held vem- rolatcraily: accessory gills not seen. Remarks; C, ^Cyamus) scamm^mi, the largest known species, is hosted only by Eschrickfins rahusiuSr Cyamus (Apocyamas) eschriefuii, n. sp. {Figs, 15, 16) Material Examined: California, various kx^UorSf ex ^ 20 gray whales. Dale Race & Yu-Maan Leung coll., 2 Apnl. 1964 - several specimens, incl. males and females (dv): Ibid ., male (10 mm) (Holotype). CMNC 2t)00-0004: female (8.0 mm) (.AlJolype) CMNC 2iXKh0005 (PBS B 1 0-95); itiak ( 10mm) mount (Paratype), CMNC 2000-CKX)6. Diagnosis; Male (to 14 mm) Body short, broad. Peraeon segments 2-4 broaden- ing posteriorly, interlobal space narrow; peraeon seg- ments 5 & 6 broad, segment 7 subrectangular; ventral surfaces each with 2-3 stouL paired, medium adhesion spines. Head short, broadened posteriorly. .Antenna 1 me- AMPHIPACIHCA VOL. IJ MO 4 OCT. 10.2000 91 Fig. 15. Cyamus (Apocyamm) eschnch^i n. sp. Male (10 mm); female (ov.) (S mm). SA Eschrlchtiiis robustus, California. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL, II NO 4, OCT, 10,2000 92 PLPD MXPD. Fig* 16, Cyamus {Apocyamus) eschrichtii n* sp* FeTnale (ov.) (8 mm); male (10 mm), ex Eschrichtiits robustus, Sooke, B. C. AMPHIPACrRCA VOL. Ji N04. OCT. 10, 20CX^ 93 dium, 4-segmented; segments 1 & 2 subequal, segment 3 sJightly shorter. 4 distinct, ^li3 segment 4, Antenna 2 short. 4-segmented; segment 3 slightly longest; segment 4 with apical and subap^cal tufts of setules. Mouthparts^ Up^er Sip narrowc median notch shai- low, lobes slightly asymmetrical l^wtr lip, inner lobes di sti nc t, separated di siaJ I y . Mandi bular inci sor 5~ dentate’ molar weakly triturative, with proximal seta; left lacinia laminar, with 2 proximal blades; right ladnia trifid with 3 blades in spine row. Maxilla I, right outer plate with 7 spine-teeth, inner distal margin finely semlose. .Maxilla 2^ plates di sti not, outer plate larger. Maxilliped palp 4^segmented, persisting in adult stage: dactyl medium long, pectinate. Gnathopod 1 medium stout; basis slender; segment 3 large, distinct; segment 4 with short anterior margin; segment 5 long, rnarglns subparallel; propod elongate- ovate. palm shallowly oblique and slighly concave, proximal palmar tooth low, obtuse; dactyl short, strongly curved, Gnathopod 2 short, stout, powerful, 5- segmented; basis short, thick, with strong antero- distal flange; segment 3 narrow; segment 4 distinct; propod large, deep, powerful, anterior margin arched strongly; palm short, sharply concave, nearly horizon- tal hinge and proximal palmar teeth rounded apicaily; dactyl ordinary, Coxal gills single, medium thick, with short basal stalk; acjccssory gills double, markedly unequal, poste- rior lobe more than tw ice length c£ anterior lobe. Peraeopods 5-7 short, stout; peraeopod 5 slightly smallest; basis short, broad, anterior margin with proxi- mal and distal adhesion teeth; segment 3 narrow, anteriorly fused tobasis:seginent4subcryptic, lacking anterior free margin; segment 5 medium-deep; seg- ment 6 sub-ovate, not elongate; palm short, oblique, with weakly defined proximal tooth; dactyl short, strongly curved. Male pleopods with shallow distal notch. Penes short, curving outwards. Fe maJ e (o v .) (8.0 m m) ; coxa! gil I s s horter and thi cker than in male. Posterior brood lamellae the larger, margins richly setose. Etymology: Living on the Gray whale, Eschrichtius robusiusr Cyamus (Apocyamus) kessleri Brandt, 1S71. (Figs, 17, IS) Cyamus ke^skri Liitken 1S73; Hurley & Mohr 1957; Leung 1967, Material examined: Pi. Barrow , Bciufon Sea, coast of .Alaska, eisktn of grj) vih3t] & Eschnebriui rabusius: J. L. Mohr col E., 10. Aug., 1954 ' male, female speciTnens (part of a lot identified by J. L, Mohr & D. Er Hurley; sent to Leo Margolis by J. L. Mohr, ! 5 July, 1957 (PBS B2-57); CMN mllections * Off Viciona, B, B., stranded gray whale - 1 female ov, (g niim), slide mount, (PBS B2‘57), CMN cot lections. California, various locations, - 20 gray whales. Dale R]cc^^ Yu-Maan Leimgcoll-, 2 April, 1964- targe niJinbers of specimens (sent to L. Margohs, 17 Aprils 1964); CMN eolleclions. Diagnosis: Male (to 15 mm). Body slender, widest at peraeon segment 4. Peraeon segment 2 narrow; peraeon segments 3 i 4 with blunt ventral spinous processes; pemeon segments 5 & 6 with weak ventral adhesion spines. Antenna 1, segment 3 longest: segment 4 with a pied setae only. Antenna 2, segment 2 longest, Mouthparts: Upper I3p broadly notched, lobes dis- tinctly asymmetrical. Lower lip, outer lobes rounded; inner lobes shallow, nearly completely fused, with slight median notch. Mandibular incisor 4-5 dentate; molar appearing w'eakly triturative. with proximal seta; left lactnta scabrous ^ with 2 blades in spine row^ Max- illa I, left and right outer plates with 6^& 7 apical spine- teeth respectively; palp richly setose. Maxilla 2, inner plate partly fused with outer plate, Maxilliped palp absent in adults; segment 3 very small; basis strcngly fused with opposite member. Gnathopcxl 1 small; segment 3 partly fused with basis; propod deep, palm strongly concave. Gnathc^ pod 2, segment 5 cryptic; propod large, deep, ovate; palm sharply concave, defining teeth large; dactyl short. Coxal gills single, elongate, with weak accessory lob; accessory gills paired on each side, anterior gill longer. Peraeopods 5-7 relatively w^eak; basis broad; propod short, ovale; dactyl short. Male pleopods deeply incised apicaily. Female (ov.) (to 10 mm): Body relatively broad, widest at peraeon segment 3 & 4, Remarks; Cyamus exhibits the broadest range of apo morphy within character states utilized here, and re- presents the most advanced species within the sub- genus and genus Cyamus. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL. n NO 4. OCT. 10,2000 94 Fig. 17. Cyamus (Apocyamus) kesskri Brandt, 1872. Male (10.5 mm); female (8,0 mm). ex Eschrichtius robustus, Sooke, B. C. AMPHiPACIHCA VOL. !I NO 4. OCT. 10.2000 95 Fig, 18. Cyumus (Apocyamus} kesskri Brandi, 1S72. Male (15 mm); female ( 10.0 mm)> £X Eschrichtiits robu:itus^ Ft. Barrow, Alaska (after Hurley & Mohr, 1957). AMPHlPACinCA VOL II N04. OCT. 10,2000 % OrcinocyiimuSt new genqs Type species: Cydfnus ore mi Leung, 197015 Diagnosis; Bcdy medium, broadeST at peraeon seg- ment 4. Peraeon segment 2 subrectangular. Peraeon segments 5-7 wjtb paired ventral adhesion spines. Head shori, bmad posteriorly. Antenna 1 short, 4- segmented. Antenna 2 minute, -^-segmented. Mouthparts modified: Lower lip. inner lobes fused. Mandible: left lacinia 6-dentate(?) with proximal row of blades; right incisor and lacinia trifid{? ) with proxi- mal row of blades. Maxilla 1, outer plate apparently with 6 spine-teeth on each side; palp small, 1 -seg- mented. Maxilla inner plate lacking, fused wnthin outer plate. Maxilliped palp lacking (all stages ?); basal segment fused 1/2 to opposite number, lacking free lobe and''or setae; segment 3 extending distinctly distad of basis^ Gnathopod 1 small, 5-segmented: unguis of dactyl f u sed- Gnaihop(xi 2 appeari ng 4- segmented (segment 3 fused with 2 and segment 5 with 6). Coxal gills paired on peraeon segments 3 4; accessory gills lacking Peraeopods 5-7 short, appearing 5-segmented, seg- ments not pow'erfuliy developed, dactyls short, Remarks: Orcimeyamus appears intermediate be- tween Cyamus (Apocyamus) and hocyamus, especi- ally in mouthpan morphology, Regrettably, the orig- inal description and figures were incomplete. Speci- mens were not available for this study despite the fact that the host whale Ore inits area is a common species in coastal waters of British Columbia, Orcinocyamus orcini (Leung, 1970) (Fig. 19) Cyamus orcini Leung, 1970b. Material Examined: None. Original maienal oJT Senegal, West Africa (Leung, loc. citL Diagnosis: Male (to 10,5 mm), Bcidy medium. Lateral lobes of peraeon segments slightly separated, Peraeon segments 3 4 not nar- rowed (male); Peraeon 5-7, ventral spines weak. Head broadened at fused peraeon segment 1. An- tenna I , segments s ucce ssi vel y shorten! ng and narrow - ing di stall y. Antenna Z, segment 3 longesLiemiina! segment apically setose. Mouthparts; as in generic diagnosis. Lpper lip not described. Leung (lQ£4ciL) may have confused left and right mandibles jn his original description Maxilla 1 , outer plate with 2 groups of 3 medium long pectinate spines; palp short, proximal, with a few short apical setae. Maxilla 2 medium tall, outer plate apparently apically dentate and most. Maxilliped palp lacking; basal segment lacking free lobe and' or setae; segment 3 extending distinctly distad of basis. Gnathopod 1. segment 3 fused with slender basis: segment 4 small, wdth very small anterior margin; segment 5 as deep as long; propod slender, shallow- ovate: palm short, oblique, whth stout acute proximal tooth and small distal tooth; dactyl strongly curved, Gnathopod 2 short, powerful, appearing 4-segmeDted (segment 3 fused with 2 and segment 5 with 6); basis with large wing-like anterior marginal flange; segment 4 short* lacki ngfree anterior margin; propod very large, elongate-ovate; palm nearly horiioniaf deeply con- cave, with large rounded proximal and distal tooth- dactyl short, regularly curved. Coxal gills medium slender* somewhat sausage- shaped, each subequal ly paired, with common basal stalk; accessor}' gills apparently lacking (Leung, loc. dl)^ Peraeopods 5-7 short, medium stout, 5- segmented, lacking adhesion spines; peraeopod 7 slight! y smallest. Basis shon, broad; segment 4 with small anterior mar- gin: segment 5 shorter than 4 posteriorly; propod slen- der, nanowingdi stal ly ; dactyl short, notst rongl y curved. Male pleopods with narrow' distal notch. Penes narrow', curving slightly outwards. Female (ov.) (to 7,5 mm): brood lamellae subtri- angular to oval, margins smcx>th. Coxa] gills shorter than in male. Gnathopod 1, palm shallowly concave. Gnathopod 2, propod shorter and deeper, palm short, deeply concave. Peraeon 5 ventral I y wi th pai r of gen- ital valves but lacking lateral tubercles. Remarks. Leung Qqq, siL) w i thout rati onale , be I ie ves this species to l^e allied to Cyamtm eeii and C. rnonodomis. However, in accordance with present cluster analysis, the character states of Orctrweyamus, especial I y the mou thpsuls, w'ou Id appear closer to those of Isocyamus and Neocyamus. Isocyamus Gervais & Van Reneden, 1^9 Cyatmis (part) Lutkeji 1870. hocyamtis Chevreux & Page 1925: Barnard 1932; Stephensen 1942: Leung 1967. AMPHEPACIFICA VOL, II NO 4. OCT. ] 0, 2000 97 Fig. 19. Orcinocyamus otiini (L£ung/1970b). Male (10.5 mm); female (ov.)(7,5 mm), es Orcinus area. Atlantic Ocean , ofT Dakar, Senegal. AMPHIPAanCAVOL.il K 04 . OCT. 10 , 2 fXX} 9^ T V pe spec ies ; fsocyamus delph in i i (G ueri n-Mene - ville, 1S36). Species: Iscicyamus ghbicipkii Lutken^ 1873: Chevr- eux & Page 1925, Isocyamas kagiue Sedlak-Weinsiein, 1992, /jocyoijiu-j spp. Bowman 1955; Bowman 1958* Diagnosis: Body medium broad. Peraeon segmeni 1 broadest, shield-shaped^ and may be notched ancero- laierally . Peraeon segments 3 & 4 narrowed, each with paired latero- ventral adhesion Spines; peraeon seg- ments 5-7 sepajated, each with pair of stout ventral adhesion spines. Head medium, Antenna 1 medium, 4-segmented. basal segments thickened. Antenna 2 short, 3-seg- mented, Mouthpans modified. Upper lip large, notched ap] cal I y, I obes asymmetrical , Lo w er li p, outer lobe s narrowly separated; inner lobes fused. Mandibular mdar forming a rounded selulose knob, surface with short blades but lacking proximal seia; incisor 5-6 cuspate; left I acini a 5-den tate, right lacinia trifid?; 0-2 blades in spine row. Maxilla 1, outer plate with 6 or 7 apical spines. Maxilla Z inner plate obsolete, fused with outer plate. Maxilliped. basis small, weakly setulose apicahy, segment 3 and palp lacking. Gnathopod I medium. 5- segmented; dactyl distal I y pectinate, unguis distinct, Gnathopod 2 stout, appear- ing 4- segmented. Coxal gills single, short, stout , on each of peraeon segments 3 & 4, each with single large, variously shaped accessory gill. Peraeopods 5-7 short, stout, strongly raptorial ^ 5- acgmenied, Male pleopods deeply separated distal I y. Penes relatively large. Remarks : fsocyamus appears intermediate between the primitive genus Cyamus and the advanced genus Synoyatnus. Species currently assigned to differ markedly in character states of raouthparts, ac- cessory^ gills, and peraeopexis. These differences are suggestive of polyphyly, and need for further classificatory study (see discussion and Fig. 31). Isocyamus deipkinii (Gu^riti-Menevillc, 1S36) (Fig. 20) Cyamuj deiphinii Guerin-M^neville. 1S36, /joyamics deiphinii Barnard 1932; Stephensen 1943; Bowman 19.^; Stock 1973; Leung 1967; Balbuena& Ragan 1991; Wardk et al, 2000. Material Examined: Vargas Island. Clayoquoi ScHund, wes[ coast ul' Vancou- ver Island, B.C; on irailtng edge of dorsal ftn ol stranded false killer whale Pseudorca crassidem: R. Baird & K Langelliercolb., | Ocl. J9R9 - I specimen {as sp). PBS B 14-95, CMN c<^ lections. Tnmiy Bay, Newfoundland; ex skin wounds, pilot w hale t Globicephaia nteiaefui}; D. E, Sergeant colt,, October, 1952 - mature & immature males and females, PBS B6-55. GuadaLcanaJ, cx Delphmtcs deiphis (nti other data) - Z spectmeTis (icJentified for Torben WolET, February, 1964; specimens transferred to Lttmg, Mas 18, 1971), Diagnosis: Male (lo 9 mm?). Medium-sized cyamids^ectoparasiiicon medium to large dolphins. Peraeon segment 2 large, broad; per- aeon segments 3 & 4 wf th strong ventro-iaiCTal adhe- sion spines; peraeon segments 5-7 with stout ventral adhesion spines. Head smalL slightly broadened basal I y at fusion w'iih peraeon segment 1. Antenna I, segment I largest, broadening distal ly, Amenna 2, segment 2 large: segment 3 minute. Mouthparts: Lower lip, with fused inner lobes, inner margin of outer lobes strongly pilose. Other mouth- pans as descri bed by Stock (Ukx cll Fig. 20). Gnathopod 1, dactyl with 15-20 strong inner mar- ginal peed nations, unguis small* Gnathopod 2, palm short, concave; dactyl medium strong. Coxai gills short, stout, sausage- shaped; accessory giiis large, spade-shapeil single on each side, Peraeopods 5-7: Peraeopod 7 smallest; dactyls me- dium strong. Male pleopods with shallow^ distal notch. Remarks: /5ficyamir5dief/?/!jfljf has been recorded from several species of Dephinidac and questionably from some members of the Phoecenidae. The probability of occurrence of this cj-atnid species on several different host whale species is moot. This cyamid w'Diild not be entirely unexpected from DalTs porpoise and the Har- bour porpoise, although no cyamid material from those two potential host whales has yet come to hand in Canad-ian Pacific coastal waters. Further materia! should be obtained and carefully examined. fsoeyamus giohicipids (LLitken, 1873) (Fig, 21) Cyctmus ghhicipitb Liiikem 1873; Chevreux & Page 1^5. Isocyamtfs ghhicipitis Hiro 1938. AMPHiFACIFlCA VOL, II N04. OCT. 10,2000 99 Fig. 20* hocyamus delphiiui Gu^rin-M^nevilie, lS3d. Male (9 mm?). ^ Delphinus delphus. North Sea region [after Stock 1973; inset: after Leung 1%7). AMPHIPACIFICA VOL. n N04. OCT. 10,2000 100 Fig. 21. Isocyamus globidpiUs Lutken^ 1873. Male (9;0 mm). Giobicephaia meiaena, Mediterranean coast, [after Che vreux & Page (1925)], Fig, 22, i?}isocyamm kogiae Sedlak- Weinstein, 1992, Male (to 5,5 mm); female (3.8 mm?). £ 3 L Kogia br^vic^ps , South Australia. . AMPHIPACIRCA VOL ir NO 4, OCT, JO, 2(XX> 101 Matcrlfi] E^camln^d; None fram the Pacific coast of North America. DiagnONis: Male (to 9.0 mm): femaJe (ov.) (to 6.5 mm) Peraeon segment 1 large. deep, slightly broader than peraeon 3 & 4; peraeon segment S7 with prominent ventrai spines. Head somewhat elongate^ lateral mar- gins of fused peraeon \ not bulging lateral jy, Maxilla 2^ outer plate w ith 7 apical spine-teeth; palp apparently 2-segmented, Gnathopod I, dactyl with fused unguis (not clearly demarcated). Remarks: The descriprion by Chevreux & Fage Ooc. citri . of hocyamits globiciphis from the baitlenose dolphin in the Mediterranean region differs from the diagnosis of Stock (1973) based on material taken from Deiphinus from the jN'orth Sea regi on . Most notabl e i s the 7 apical spi ne teeth and 2-join ted pal p of the maxi IJa 1 descri bed by Chevreux & Fage (ksL. cin h hocyamus kogiae 5^d]ak- Weimtein^ 1992* (Fig. 22) Remarks: Sedlak-Wem&tein (loc. ciL) has recently described this species from the pygmy sperm w^hale in Australian whalers, Kogia breviceps is a relatively rare visitor to the Northeastern Pacific region (Orr 1972; Spalding 1998) butcyamid ectoparasites, probably of this type, might be expected to occur on them. Sedlak- Wei ns lei n's description oi hocyamus kogiae conforms somewhat with diagnostic features of the genus (e.g., in having medum long head, and comb spines on the dactyl of gnathopod 1 (but lacking ungu- is?). However, this species differs from /, delphinii in several character states including: small size; lack of right mandibular lacinia; shallower and less broadened peraeon segment 2, with anterolateral "epaulettes" (as in 5yflcyiiwtJ^); peraeon 5-7 lacking ventral spines (both sexes); and segments of peraeopods 5-7 very slender and elongate. Some of these may prove to be of generic or subgeneric value (see Fig. 31), Neocyamus MargolKs 19SS Type species: Cyamus physeierh Pouchet, 1888. Neocyamus physeierls Margolis 1959; Buzeta 1963; l^ung 1967. Diagnosis: Body slender, widest at peraeon segments 5 & 6. Peraeon 2-4, lateral lobes small. Peraeon 5-7 each ventrally with pair of stout adhesion spines. Head elongate, widest posteriorly. Antenna 1 short, 4-segmented. Antenna 2 very small, 2-segmeriited Mouthparts modified; Lower lip, inner lol;)esfu.sed to medium tall plate. Mandible: incisors 5-tooihed: mdar eobsolete; left lacinia 5-dentate, right lacinia tridentate, 1-3 blades in each spine row . Maxilb 1, outer plate with 7 pectinate spine-teeth. Maxilla 2 tall, inner plate fused with outer plate, Maxilhped palp lacki ng i n adul is, 4^segmen ted i n j u venik s : basi s small , fused 1 /2 with opposite member: segment 3 extending beyond basis in adults. Gnathopod 1 6-segmented; segment 3 distinct; dac- tyl pectinate, unguis distinct, Gnathopod lappearing 4'Segmented; segment 2 (basis) elongate; segment 4 lacking anterior margin, convex behind; propod elon- gate^ broadening distal ly, palm sharply concave, with strong hinge tooth; dactyl strongly curved. Coxa! gills single, multi -filamentous (fascicubte): accessory gills lacking in males. Peraeopods 5- segmented; basis with small adhesion spine; segment 4 elongate, anterior margin w'ith distal tooth; segment 5 with strong posterior adhesion tooth; propod slender^ elongate; dactyl strong. Male penes strong, curving medially. Female (ov.) (to 6.0 mm); posterior brood lamellae large, margins unlined. Remarks: Neocyamus is slightly more advanced than Orcimeyamus in the condition of antenna 2, and in some mouth part morphology, but retains several ptes- tomorphic features of Cyatnus. Neocyamus physeteris (Pouchet, I88S) {Figs. 23,24)' Cyafrius physeteris Pouchet, 1 888. Cyamus fascicularis Verrill* 1902; Kunkel 1910, Paracyatnus physeterh Stephensen 1942, Neocyamus physeterh Margdis 1955; Leung 1967. Material Examined: OIT West coast. Vancouver Island, B.C.,£ispcn7i whale {Physeier mac race phai us) W. Rice coll., 7 Aprih 1956- 2 males, 1 female, slide mounts (PBS Bl>59),CMN cnirnsn North Sea{? ), ejLsfcin spenn whale {Physeter caiodony A. Fbuchet coll., 18 Nov., 1871 - 1 maiiire female, 1 muti- lated male, several juveniles (obtained from Dr. Torben Wolff, Copenhagen Museum,4 ApriJ, 1954 (PBS B 25-54) Off San Francisco, California. EX 2 sperm wf hales, Rice, 140 cl, 1 965 -6 specimens (sent to L.Margohs. PBS),CMN collections, Kunie Islands, t^PhocomoidesTruei - 1 itnmatiiic speci- men f i denti fied as Neocyatnus ? physeteris, for Y . M. Leung. August, 1964. (See Leung 1967, p. 286), AMPHTPAOHCA VOL. II NO 4, OCT, 10,2000 102 Fig. 23. Neocyamus physeteris (Pouchet, 18S8), (mouthparts and appendages) Diagnosis; Male {7.S mm) Body slender, widest at peraeon segments 5 6. Peraeon 2-4, lateral lobes small, widely separated; peraeon 7 siibtriangular, posteriorly truncate. Head elongate, fused segment 1 bulging"' On each side; eyes relatively targe, multifacetted. Antenna 1 not longer than head length; segments 1-3 slender, subequal, segment 4 distinct. Antenna 2, segment 2 longest, rounded, apex finely setulose. Mouthparts : U pper 1 i p narrow , dee p. apically dee pJ y indded, lobes as>immetricaL Lower lip, outer lobes medium broad, not widely separated apically. Man- dibular incisor 5-6 dentate; left lacinia bread, 5-dent- ate, with 1 short proximal blade; right lacinia short, thick, apex with 3 small teeth, three distinct proximal blades in spine row. Maxilla 1 short, thickt apices strongly oblique; palp short, thick, with short apical setae, medially sited. Maxilla 2 talk inner plate not di scemi bl e. Maxi II i ped pal p, segment 3 subtriangular , extending beyond basis, apex setulose. Gnathopod L segment 3 distinct, segment 4 with small free anterior margin; segment 5 subtriangular, with small posterior lobe; propod shallow -ovate, palm oblique, concave, with w^eak hinge -tooth and strong rounded posterior palmar tooth; dactyl strongly curved di stal 3 y finely pectinate, unguis distinct. Gnathopod 2 slender; segment,! fused with segment 2 and segment 5 with 6; segment 4 with small anterior free margin; propod elongate, palm sharply concave, with strong acute hinge and posterior palmar teeth; dactyl large, very strongly curved. Peraeopods 5-7 slender; basis stout, slightly longer than wide, hind margin distal ly with small adhesion spi ne ; segment 3 nearl y total ly f used with 2. segment 4 elongate, with long free margins of which anterior margin is van ousi y tooth- 1 ikedi stall y: segment 5 short, subtriangular, poster lobe extended as strong curved adhesion tooth; propod slender, paral I eLsided; dactyl very large, strongly hook-shaped. Pleopods (male) rounded, distal notch indistinct. Penes large, slightly curved inwards. Remarks; iWeocyamus seems closest to but differs in its 2-segmented antenna 2, fasciculate coxal gills, but lack of accessory gills and lack of maxi Hi - pedal palp in adults. Several other differences in form of gnathopod s, mouth parts, and form of peraeopods are also noteworthy. Plutycyamus Liitken, 1870 Type species: Piarycyamus ihompsoni (Gosse, 1S55) Lutken IS70. Species: Plarycyamus flaviscutaius Waller, 1989, Diagnosis; Body slender, widest at peraeon segment 5; seg- ments 3 & 4 narrowed, each with single ventro-lateral adhesion spines; peraeon segments 1 & 2 distinct; segments 6 & 7 not fused; segments 5 -7 each with single pair of ventral adhesion spines, Head short, broad. Antenna 1 short, 4- segmented. Antenna 2 small, 4- segmented, sexually dimorphic, Mouthparts modified. Upper lip apically rounded. Lower lip. outer lobes broadly separated; Inner lobes fused. Mandibular molar a rounded mound, lacking proximal seta; left lacinia 5-dentate, right lacinia trifid. AMPHIPACJFICA VOL n NO 4, OCT. 10.2000 m Fig* 24, Neacyamus pkyseteris (Pcnichct, J88S)- MaJe (7.8 mm): female (6.0min?) ex Physeter macrocephalus* off west coast of British CoJuinbia. AMPHIPACIHCA VOL il NO 4. OCT. 10,2000 104 Fig* 25* Plniycyamtis Jlaviscuiatus Waller* 1989* Male (9-0 ram, ex Berardius bairdi (giant bottle nose whale), off B. C. coast. AMPHIPACIHCA VOL. n NO 4, OCT, 10,2000 105 Fig. 26- Platycyamus thompsoni (Gosse, 1855) (mouthparts and abdomen)* ex Hyperoodon ampullatus (bottle-nosed whale). North Sea (after Wolff 1958; Inset: after l^nng AMPHIPACIHCA VOL IJ NO 4 OCT |0, i^OOO 106 incisor 5-cuspte; !-3 blades on each side. Maxilla L outer pi ate with 6- 7 apical spine-teeth, Maxi]la2jnTier plate fused within outer plate. Maxilliped small, lacking palpi segments exceeding basis^apexsetulose. Gnathopod I 6- segmented; palm short, vertical; dactyl strongly curved, unguis not clearly demarcated. Gnathopod 2 medium strong, appearing 5-segmented; propodal palm short, vertical. Coxal gills short,, double, on peraeon segments 3 & 4; accessory^ gills lacking, Peraeopods 5-7 stout, 6-segmented, segments long; basis and segment 3 wdth spinose antero ventral proc- ess: dactyls large, strongly curved. Male penes large, curved. Pleopods markedly sep- arated distal iy. Remarks: The tw^o described species differ in several respects especially mouthparts and peraeopods, but are here considered congeneric (compare Figs. 25 & 26). Consideration has also been given to recognition csf P!aiycyamus and Syncyamus as distinctive at the sub- family level. Both genera differ from most other members of family Cyamidae in having; (1) peraeon segment 1 not fused to the head and or fused w\ Eh per- aeon segment 2; (2) peraeopod 1 large, attached to per- aeon segment 1 Or to fused peraeon segments 1 & 2; propod with vertical toothed palm. How^ever, recognition of a subfamily taxon depends mainly upon interpretation of the morphological rela- tionships of peraeon segment 1. If It represents a primary separation of the peraeon from the head region, as in gammaridean amphipods, then the character state may be considered fundamentally plesiomorphic. On the other hand a secondary detachment from the "clas- sical" caprellidoan head region might be considered a synapcmorphic or autapomorphic condition. How- ever, cognizant of current limited knowledge of the ectoparasiic fauna of several potential host ziphiid and delphniid whale species, subfamily level characteriza- tion at this time is here considered premature. Platycyamus flaviscutatus Waller, 19S9 ( Figs, 25) Material examined; Off west ccjasi Vancouver 1., B. C., £iL Baiid's beaked whale {Berardim bairdi), G. C, Pike col L 28 July, 1953 - 1 male (9 mm), slide moimL, 1 female, (sem lo J. Mohr (LSC), jderttfied by Mohr as Pluiycymmfs diompsom from Dr. Yuk-Nfaan Leung. 23 Aug. 1964 (PBS BS-64), CMN coils. Off Calikumia, coasl . e\ BerardsUi: bairdii tno other data) ' 1 spec j men {mcniioncd bv D. Rice). 22 Oct., 1965, CMM collections. Diagtiosts: Male (to 9,0 mm)r Body slender, widest at peraeon segments. Peraeon segment I small; peraeon 7 narrow; peraeon 5-7. ven- tral spines strong. Antenna 1 . segment s I -3 subequa I i n ] ength . Anten na 2, segment 1 broadest; segment 2 whh fine curly medial setae (mate). Mouthparts: Upper lip apically rounded, nearly smooth. Lower lip, margins smooth. Maxilliped, segment s weakly setose apically. Gnathopod 1. basis with antero-distal rounded proc- ess; segment 5 with short posterior lobe: palm of propod very short, sharply concave: unguis faintly (or not) demarcated. Gnathopod 2, basis similarly with antero- distal prc3cess; segment 4 large; palm of propod small, sharply concave, vertical, palmar teeth large. Coxal gills short, thick, posterior pair largest. Peraeopods 5-7 slender; basis elongate, lacking ad- hesion spines; segment 4 larger than 5; propod elon- gate-ovate, with slight distal palm; dactyl strongly curved. Male pleopods deeply incised apically. Ptenes large, diverging apically. Female (6,0 mm): Coxal gills, apices acute. Brood lamellae, inner margins incised, sparsely setose. Remarks; PlaJycycmus flaviscufmny is similar to the North Atlantic species Platycyamus thompsoni (Fig. 26), that occurs on the bottlenose whale, Hyperocfdcyn ampuHaw.^. Differences however, may Justify sub- generic or possibly generic distinction, Syncyitmus Bowman^ 1955 Type species: Bowman, 1955; Bow mam 1958; Leung 1967. Species: Syncyatnus aequus Lincoln & Hurley, I9S1; Mari niello et aJ. 1994; Syncyamus chelipes (Co.sta, 1R53)?: Bowman 195S. Diagnosisi.Body short, small, broad, widest at peraeon segments 5 & 6; peraeon segments 1 iS: 2 appearing fused, demarcated by anterolateral marginal notch; peraeon segments 3 & 4 narrowed in male, each with paired ventral adhesion spines; peraeon segment 6 & 7 dorsally fused: peraeon segments 5-7 each with paired ventral adhesion spines. AMPHIPACIHCA VOL IJ NO 4. OCT. \0,2000 107 Fig- 27. pseiid4?rcae Bowtmn, 1955. Male ( 4,0 mm); female (4.S ram) ei Pseudorca crass kiem. Gulf of Mexico (after Bowman 1955), Antema I very short, 4-segmenred; antenna 2 min- ute, 2-scgmented, Mouthparts modified. Upper lip slightly ineised apicaiiy. Lower lip, outer lol^es approximating dist- al ly; inner lobes fused. Mandiblejndsors mulrldent- ate, otherwise undescribed.. Maxilla L outer plate with 6 or 7 apical spine-teeth. Maxilla 2, inner plate fused totally within outer plate. Maxillipeds fused basaliy, each a low conJcal mound; segment 3 and palp lacking. Gnathopod 2 medium large and stout, 5-segmemed; propodal pal m di s tinci, v erti cal ; dactyl strongl y cur\^ed , not pectinate, unguis not distinct. Gmthopod 2 stout, powerful, 4-segmedled; propodal palm distinct, verti- cal. Coxal gills single, short, thick, tapering, on pcraeon segments 3 & 4; a single pair of accessory gills present in male. Peiaeopods 5-7 short, stout, powerful, appearing 5- segmented, segments 2 & 4 with ante ro- ventral adhe- sion spines, Mai e pene s stout , taperi n g dl stal j y di vcrgi ng sli ghtly . Pleoptxls shallowly, separated disially, Bcmarks; The definition of this genus is problemati- cal. Bowman’s orglnal figures of the type species Syncyamus pseud^irca^, reproduced here (Fig. 27), indicate that gnathopod I is attached to fused peraeon segments 1 & 2 (demarcated by an antero-latera! mar- ginal notch). Comparable figures for 5, tiequus (Lin- coln and Hurley 1981; Marinielloeial^ 1994) show- the lateral margi nal notch, but are otherwise ambiguous; in the ventral view of the male, the point of attachmeni: is not shown; in the female, the point of attachment is indicated as the head proper, despite any suggestion of a posteriorly broadened head region. To clarify this problem, careful re-exBuni nation of type material is recommended. AMPHIPACfHCA VOL. 11 NO 4 OCT. 10,2000 106 Syncyamus specie;^ Bowman, 195S:i.eung, 1970a;Linco3n&Hurky IQS], Examined; Medi Eerranean Sea (loc^ i ty indet, Delphifws delphis - 3 specimens (identified by L. Margolis for Dr. Galiien, Dec. 1966 & Aug. 1971; specimens sent to Dr, Leung May 18, 1971J, Off Pacific coast of Mexico(]ocality indet,), s^Titrsiops sp, - 2 specimens, identified for D. Ricc, March, 1965, (See Leung 1967, p. 280 & 1970. p. 244.) Guadalcanal (locality tndeL), ex D eiphwns delphfs - 5 specimens (identified for Tortcn Wolff, February-, 1964, specimens sent lo Dr, Leung , May IS, 1971). Remarks; Material of Syncyamus &p,, examined by Dr. Marg- oJis in 1964, was no longer available for the current study. Species of Sytjcyofnus occur maini y on warm- waterdolphins (Table Lp. 110; Bowman 1958) and are unlikely to be collected in the northeastern Pacific region, north of (Tajifomia. Scutocyamus- Lincoln Sc Hurkv, 1974 (Fig, 28) Type species; Scutocyamus parvus Lincoln i& Hurley, im Species: Scutocyamus antipodensis Lincoln & Hurley. 1960, Diagnosis; Male (2.4 mm) Body smaJl, short, stout; widest at peraeon segments 5 & 6 l peraeon segments 3 & 4 Email, fused, narrowed in male; segments 6 & 7 fused dorsally. Peraeon segments 5-7 ventral adhesion spines. Head very short. Antenna 1 very short, 3-segmen ted. Antenna 2 minute. 2 * segmented. Mouthparts’ Upper lip slightly notched apkally. Lower lip, outer lobes moderatey separated; inner Jobes fused. Mandibular molar small, rounded, lack- ing proximal seta; incisor 5-cuspatc; left lacinia 2-3 dentate, right I acini a bifid? 1-2 blades on each side. Maxilla I , outer plate with 6 apical spine-teeth. Max- illa 2. inner plate fused within outer plate. Maxilliped, basal segments fused, lobe subacute, segment 3 and palp lacking. Gnathopod 1 very small, Ssegmented; propoda! palm lacking; dactyl irregularly i^Kctinate distally, (combs of teeth), unguis not defined, Gnathopd 2 short, thick, powerful, appearing 3- segmented. A single pair of coxal gills on each of peraeon seg- ments 3 & 4, held crosswise; accessory gills lacking PeraeopodsS-T^hon, stout, S-segmenied; segments 2-5 each with 1-2 ventral adhesion spines; dactyl strongly curved. Female (ov . ) (3 . 1 mm) . B rood lame! 1 ae fri nged w 3 th short setae. Remarks; The genus Scuk^yarmfs exhibits maini)- apomorpbic character states. Its members are ecio parasitic on small, fast-swimming Delphi noidea, espe- cially dolphins of the genera La^enarhynchus and Cephiihrhynchtis in the Nonh Atlantic and North Pacific regions. In the short, squat powerful body form and fused peraeonal and limb segments cyamus superfically resembles the apomorphlc genus Syncyafms whose species occur on other types of EJelphi noidea (see Table I and Discussion). Discussion uitd Coticlusions The species of cyamid amphipods and their re- corded cetacean hosts, treated in this study, are listed in Table I (p. 1 10). Some of these have been previously recorded from the northeastern Pacific region (*), or are expected lo occur there Ixcauae of the known distribution of host whale species (!). The latter in- c] udes Orcinocyofnus orcmtis. hcKyamus ko^iae, Syn- cyamus pseudorcae, and possibly Scutocyamus spp. which are ectc^arasitic on edd- water dolphins (e.g., Lagefwrhy fichus). However, two species, Cyamus (Mesocyamus) mesoruhra^datt, and C, (ApcK'yamus) esckrichn, proved new to science and two others, Cyamus { Mesfx:yamus} oruhraedon and Cyamus (Cyamus) momxhniis are apparently new to the re- gion, Further new distributional records may be anticipated through close examination of little- studied host w? hales, including the common Orca, Dali's, and H arbour porpoi ses, Howe ve r, new records from la rge, slow-moving, commercially valuable w hale species (rorqtJials, right w^haies) are much less likely. Closer attention might be paid to ectoparasites of stranded ziphidd whales, and smaller whale specks that are held captive in marine aquaria. The evol uti onaiy hi story of the cy ami d am phi pods i s inextricably inter-related with that of the host Cetacea, Ancestral Cetacea almost certainly became aquatic prior to the evolution of the Cyamidae from an ances- tral group within the Amphipoda Caprellidea. In attempting to reconstruct these events, we may first examine the pcyssible ancestry and phylogeny of the Cyamidae within the Caprellidea. follow ed by a "best consensus" phyletic grouping of families within the AMPHIPACIRCA VOL II NO 4 , OCT, 10, 200) 109 Fig. 28. Scuiocyamus parvus Lincoln & Hurley^ 1974 Male { 2.4 mm); female { 3.1 mm), jCi Lagenorhynchus albirostris. North Sea. (after Lincoln Sc Hurley, 1974). AMPHIPACIHCA VOL. II NO 4. OCT. 10,2000 110 TABLE L Whale lice (Cyamidae) and host Cetacea mainly of the northeastent Pacific marine region. Family Cyamidae Region Host Whale Species Cyamus (CyawM v) (L.) Lamarck, 1801 P-A-At Bow head. Gray Cyamus (CJ nodosus (Lhtken^ tS70) j P (Ber)-A -At Beluga, narwhal Cvam«j(C.j ovalis R. de Vauzfeme, I S34* P(SE AL) N. Right whale {B.giaciaUs) Cyamus {€,) erraiicus R, de V’^au^eme, 1834* P(BO Balaerm glacialis Cyamus (C. j graciiis R, de Vauiiime,. IS34* ^ P(SE AL)-At N. Right whale {B. giacialis) Cyamus {Furacyamus) boopis Liitkent 1870* P-A Megapiera navaeangHae. Cyamus {P,) balaenopierae K, H, Barnard, 1031* P-At Balaenf^ptera spp. (blue, fin, minke, etc.) Cyamus(Mesocyamus} caSc>donUs Margoiis, 1954* P(BC)-At , Physexer m.a£rocephalus Cyamus (M ) orubraedon Waller, 1989 P Berardius bairdii Cyamus (M.) mesorubraedon n. sp. P Physeter mocrocephalus Cyamus (Apocya/nus} scatmtwni Dali, 1872* P ( AL-CAL) Eschrichiius robustus Cyamus (A.) eschrickdi ii. sp* P(Be -S. Cal) Eschrichtius robustus Cyamus (A.) kessleri Brandt, 1872* P (AL-CAL) Eschrichtius robustus Orcinocyamus orcini (Leung, 1970)1 P(BC+?)-At Orcinus area y^eocyamus physereris (Pouchet, 1888)* P(SE AL-BC) Physeter Phocoenoides truei? Jsocyamus delpkmi (Guerin-Meneville, JS36) P (Ai^CAL) 1 Deiphiiius, Steno Globicephaius hocyamus globicipitis (Ltitken, 1873) P-At Globkephaius h^Hj:yamus htgiae Sedlak-W^ein stein. 19921 P ParacercapBtiac s. Phdaicidas ^Piriambidae- Pjoteilidae Ccrophioidea ■Ctpragammarida* Capi^Illdae Fifi, 30 Representation of hypothetical lines of evolution within CaprelJidae (after Laubitz 1993). maxilliped has a distinctive (larger) inner plate^ In the second group, the mandible has a 5-cu spate incisor, a seta] row of no more than 3 blades, and a strong molar process; moreover, the outer plate of maxilla 1 has 7 apical spine-teethand the outer plate of the maxilliped is the larger. However, in examing these characters and character states over a broad range of species and genera of Cyamidae studied here, these correlations arc not irn- mediately apparent and/or encounler many excepEions, In balance, more cyamids appear closer to the Capro- gammarid line in having a 5-7ic>’amxfs, Although discovery of new species of cyamids con- tinues slowly, partly because a current moratorium on the whaling industry, the known occurrence of cyamid ectoparasites on Cetacea remains relatively low, Thus^ although the mammalian order Cetacea contains 76 extant species (Berta & Sumich 1W9), cyamid ectoparasites have been recorded from only 34 host species (Leung 1967; Lincoln & Hurley 1981; Sedlak-Weinstein 1991, 1992; Wardk et ah 2000). This constitutes only about 40% of the total cetacean fauna . Not surprising! y. the known frequency is much higher in the more commercially valuable Mysticeti [i.e., from all but one of the 1 1 host species (90%)] whereas only 23/65 species of Odontoceti (32%) are known to harbour cyamid ectoparasites. Some reasons for these low frequency k vcis may be historical. First and foremost is the low commercial value of the smaller cetacean species, so that most were not taken or examined during the “hey-day” of the commercial whaling industry. Many odontocete spe- cies , especi a! ly among the 1 9 species of beaked w hales* are very rarely stranded or taken in oceanic long-lines, and are fast -moving and difficult to capture, even for use in mari ne aquari a. Thu s , material of cyamids from common fast-swimming C4.^stal whales of British Columbia, e,g.. the closely related DalTs and Harbour porpoises, and the long-lived Orca (see Hoyt 1990; Spalding 1999) have been unavailable to the authors to date. Concerning known host species within the Myst- iceti, the frequency of occurrence of cyamid ecto- parasites may be as low- as 4% (as recorded on flensed rorqual species at whaling stations) and therefore may l:te overlooked by collectors, Lincoln and Hurley { 1974* 1980) opined that because some species of ecto- parasites (e.g,* Scutocyamus panm) are very small and occur only around genital organs and blow holes, they are likely to be overlooked by all but the most careful collectors. About ten species of whales (within Platan! stidae, Pontoporildae, Iniidae, and lipotidae) are restricted mainly to fresh waters of India. Brazil, and China, presumably posing intolerable physiologi- cal limitadons to ecioparasitism by cyamids of strictly marine ancestry. As noled above, some Species of whales (e.g., Meg- apiera} apparently carry only one species, whereas others (e,g,, Eschrichtim, Baiaena mysticetus, Phys- eter) transport at least three species of cyamid ecto- parasites, Collection data in the literature are sparse and inexact, but suggest that ectoparasite species may "partition" available surfaces and largely avoid inter- specific competiticn. Thus, Waller ( 1989) notes that Piarycyamuiflaviscumis occurs generally but singly over the body surface of Berardius^ w^hereas Cyamwi oruhruedon is clustered around the tip of the xiphiid whale's lower jaw. Regrettably, notes of this type concerning cyamid material taken from Eschrichtius, Physeter, and Eubaiuem giaaialL^, whales that are know- to caiTj at least three ectoparasite speciea* were seldom provided by the collectors. Finally, the uneven quality of taxonomy of some species of cyamids, some of which have been recorded from widely di sparate gri:^ups of odontocete hosts. In- dicates that closer examination of ectoparasitic mate- rial i s needed. For the present, how- ever, we may con- elude that knowledge of cyamid-cetacean speciation i s insufficient for close interpretation of the phyletic classification of one group in terms of the phyletic classification of the other. Conclusions Some 24 species of cyamid am phi pods were treated systematically of which two were new^ to science, and 6 others were new to the northeastern Pacific re^on. Twonew subgenera were erected within genus CViti/nw.i to encompass the diversity revealed by detailed exami- nation of characters and character stales. The origin of family Cyamidae with the Caprellidea ] s pr obi emadcal , Morphol ogical evidence provided by character states across the present wide spectrum of cyamid genera and species of the study does not &iip- port current view's on the subject. In general, the phyletic classification of the Cyam- idae corresponds reasonably closely with that of the Cetacea, An ordered character-state (semi -phyletic) phenogram of cyamid relarionships (Fig, 31) suggests that phyletic relationships of cyamid genera and spe- cies corresponds to those of the host whale laxa (cf. Ftg, 32) . Thus, members (tfthe mostpri mi tt ve gen us, Cyda: Cyamidae) from the false kilier whale. Bull. Mar, Sci , Gulf & Caribbean 5(4): 315-320. Bowman, T. E. 1958, First Pacific record of the whale- louse genus Syrtcyamus (Amphipoda: Cyamidae). Pacific Sd. 12(2): ISL Brandt, J.F., 1846. Ober den glekhzeitig mit der Ausrottund der Pflegemutter bewerkstelligten geschi chti i chnac h wei share nUntergange i nerkJei nen paxasitischert Krebsart (Cyamus? Oder rightiger vielleicht Sirenocyamus? Rh>1inae) und eines Eingeweidew'urmes der Jetztwelt. BulL Acad. Sci. St, Peters bourg. 7: 153, Brandt, A, 1871. Ober die Haul der Nordischen Seekuh {Rhytina bc^realis Illig). IV. Der auf der Rhylina schmarotzende Cyamus. M^m, Acad. Imp, Sci. St, Pttersbouirg, series 7. 17(7): 17-23, Brandt, A. 1872. Berichi Ober die Cyamiden dcs zoologischen Museums der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg. Melangers Bidogiques tires du Bull , .Acad. Imp» Sci. St, Peters- bourg. 8:673-702. Biizeta, R. 1963. Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) en Physerer catodon L capturados en Chile con descripcion de una nueva e specie, Cyamus haha- mondei. Re vista Biol. Mar. 3 (1-2): 126-137, Che vreux, E.. & L. Page 1925. Amphipodes. Faune de France 9: Costa, A. 1966, Dcscrizione di una specie de Cyamus parassita de* Etelfini: C, clielipes. Ann, Mus. zoot. Napoli, 3: 82-83, Cornwall, 1, E, 1928. Collecting at Cachalot Whaling station. Can, Field-Nat, 62: 9-12. Dalh W. H, lS72a. Descriptions of three new species cf Crustacean from Cetacea. Proc. Calif. .Acad. Sci . 4: 2S1-2S3- Dali, W. H, 1872b, On the parasites of the cetaceans of the N. W. coast of America, with descriptions of new forms. Proc. Calif Acad. Sci. 4: 299-301, DalLW.H. 1874. On new parasitic Crustacea from; the N.W, coast of America, Proc, Calif, Acad. Sci. 5(3): 254-255. Gervais, P., & P, J. Van Beneden 1859, Zoologie Medicale: e.xpose methodique du Regne Animal (Paris). Oossc, P, H. 1855. Notes on some new or little knowm marine animals, Ann. Mag, Nat. Hist., (2) 16 (91): 27-36. Gruner, H,-E 1975, Amphipoda: Caprellidca. tn Crustaceorum Catal ogus. Pars. S (Griiner& Hoi thi us, ed&.: p, 9i), Guerin-Meneville E.. 1836, Iconographie du regne ani mal de G, C u v ier. Tome II, Planches des ani mau.x invertebres (Paris, Londres), Hiro F. 1938, Cyamus e/ongarus n. sp., a new whale - lice from Japan. Annotat. Zool. Japon. 17(1): 71- 77. HoyuE, 1990. The w hales of CEuiada, Camden House, 127 pp. Hurley, D. E., & J, L. Mohr 1957. On Whale-lice (Amphipoda: Cyamidae) from the California Gray Wha.]^^Eschrkhrius glaucus. J. Parasitology 43(3): 352-357, 2 figs, lahii, S, 1915, A cy amid obtained in the Province Awa, Dobutsu-gaku Zasshi, 27: 157-159, fEnglish Translation by Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Translation Series. 107: 3p.| [wasa, M. 1934. Two species of whale-lice (Amf^i- poda: Cyamidae) parasitic on a right whale J. Fac, Sci. Hokkaido Imp, Univ., Zod., (6) 3: 33-40. AMPHIPACIFICA VOL n NO 4. OCT. 10,20(30 116 Krapp-SchickeL T. 1993. Suborder Caprellidea. in Riiffn ei al. The Amphipcda of the MediterrarK^n. Part 3. Mem. Inst, Oceanogr. N'o. 13: 773^13. Kunkel, B. W. 1910, The .Amphipocb of Bermuda, Trans. Conn. Acad. Arts Sci. 16: I- 1 16, 43 figs. Lamarck J. B. ISOL Systems des Animaux sans V^ertebrds. Latreille, A^ 1796, Precis des caiacters generiques des i nsectes di sposes dans une ordre naturel : i- xi v ^ 1 - 202 (Prevct, Paris). Laubitz, D. R, 1993, Caprellldea (Crustacea: Amphi- poda): towards a new synthesis. J. Nat. Hist. 27: 965-976. Leung. Y.xM. l%5. A col lection of whale -I i ce (Cyam- idae: Arnphipoda).Biill. So, Calif. Acad. ScL 64(3): 132-143. I.eung, Y. M. 1967. An ’[[lustrated key to the species of whale lice (Amphipoda, Cyamidae), ectoparaites of Cetacea, with a guide to the literature. Crustace- ana 12: 279-29 L Leungs Y- M. 1970a. First record of the svhfile-louse genus Syftcycimus (Cyamidae: Amphipoda)from the western Mediterranean, with notes on the biology of odontocete cyamids. Investigptions on Cetacea 2: 243-247. Leung, C. M, 1970b, Cyamus orcinL a new species of whale-louse (Cyamidae, Amphipoda) from a killer whale. Bull I'l.F.A.N. 32(ser. A) No. 3: 669-674. Leung, Y.M. 1976. Life cycle of Cyamus scammoni { Amphipoda: C y ami dae)^ ectopamsi te of gray w hal e , with a remark on the associated species, Sci. Kept. Whales Res. Inst,, 28: 153^160. Levin, M, J., & C, J. Pfeififer 1999, Photoreceptor ultrastructure of the amphipod Cyarnus celi (Linne, 175S), an ectoparasite of bow head, right and gray whaks. Jour. Submier CyioL Pathol, 31(3): 397- 405. Lincoln, R. J., & D. E. Hurley 1974. Scufocyatms parvus, a new genus and species of whale-louse (Amphipoda: Cetacea) ectoparasitic on the North Atlantic while-beaked dolphin. Bull. Brit, Mus. Nat, Hist. (Zod)27(2): 39 67, Lincoln, R, J.,, & D. E. Hiirley 19SO. Scutocyamtts antipodensis n. sp. (Amphipoda: Cyamidae) on Hec- tor's dolphin {Cephalorhynchus heciori). New Zea- land J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 14(3): 295-301 , Lincoln, R, J., Sl D. E. Hurley 19RL A new species of the whale louse Syncyamus (Crustacea; Amphipoda: Cyamidae) ectoparasitic on dolphins from South Africa. Ann. Cape Prov, Mus. Nat. Hist. 13 (13): 187-194. Linneus. C. 175S. Sy sterna Naturae. lOth ed,, 1: 1- 824, iriii. Liitken, C. F. I860. Orn nogle nordiske Cyamusarter. Skand. Naturf. Mode ForhandL* 8: 590*592, Liitken, C. F, 1870. Conspectus Cyamidamm boreai- ium huj usque cognitarum. VidenskSelsk. Forhandl. Christiana^ 3: 279-280. Liitken, C, F. 1873. 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Revised ann- otated list of parasites from S£a mammals caught off the west coast of North America, U S. Department of Comn^erce, NOAATechnicai Reptiit NMFS SSRF-647: 23pp. Mariniello, L., S, Cerioni, & D. Di Cave 1994. Ri- descrizione de Syncyamus aequus Lincoln ed Hur ky, 1981 (Amphipoda: Cyamidae), ectoparassitadi Stenella coerukoaiha (Meyen, 1833) c prtma segnaJazione per k acque italiane. Parassitologia, 36(3): 313-316. Ojt, R. T, 1972. Marine Mammals of California. Calif. Nat, Hist. Guide No. 29: 64 pp. Pouchei G. 1888. Sur un nouveau Cyame parasite du Cachelot. C. R, Acad. Sci.. Paris 107 (18): 698-699. Rafinesque. C. S. 1817. Synopsis of four new genera and ten new species of Crustacea found in the Un- ited States. Amer. Monthly Mag. Crit. Rev. 2: 40^ Roussel de Vauzeme, A. 1834. MemoSre surte Cy£iwifi5 ceti (Latr,) de b clause des Cnistaces. Ann. Sci. nat, Zool, 1(2): 239-255; 257-265. Rowmtree^ V, 1996. Feeding, distribution, and re- productive behavior of cyamids (Crustacea: Amphi- AMPH] PACIFICA VOL. if NO 4. QCT. 10,2000 i 17 potia) living on humpback and right whaJes. Can. J. ZooL 74: 103-109. Sars. G. O- 1895. Amphipodi, An account oi the Crustaceaof Norway. ChristLEm& Copenhagen, 7 t I pp., 240 pis., 8 suppL pls^ Scammon, C= M, 1874. The marine mammals ot the noithweslem coast of North America, described and illustrated, together w ith an account of the American whale-fiishei^'- H. Carmany and Co; San Fran- cisco, California, 319 p. (Facsimile edition . 1969; Manesskr Publishing Co.: Riverside, CaJifomia). Sed lak AVei nstei n , E, 1991. Three ne w records of cyamids ( Amphipoda) from Australian cetaceans, Cru staceana 60( I K 90- 1 04. Sedhk -Weinstein. E, 1992, A new species of ho- cyamiis CAmphj(xxla: Cyamidae)fromA'ogf£iT?r6n^/- ceps (De Blainville, 1838) in .Australian wearers. Systematic Parasitology 23{ I i: 1-6. Scheffer, V. B. 1939, Organisms collected from whales in the Aleutian Islands, Murrelet. 20: 67-69, Spalding, D A. E. I99S. W'hales of the west coast. Harbour Publishing, Madeira Phrk, 21 1 pp, Stephenscn, K. 1942. The .Ampliipoda of N. Norway and Spilzbergen with adjacent waters. Tromso Mus. Skr, 3: 363-526, figs, 32*52. Stock, J.S. 1973. W'hale-lice (Amphipoda: Cyam- idae) in Dutch waters. Bull. Zoo3. Mus. Cniv. Am- sterdam 3[. 12): 73-77. Verrill, A,E. 1902. Additions to the faurta of the Ber- mudas from (he Yale expeditions of 19CJ1, w-iih notes on other species. Trans Connecticut Acad. Arts Sci„ 11: 15-62. Waller, G. N. H. 19S9. Two new species of whale lice (Cyamidae) from the ziphioid whale Berard- lus hairdiL Investigations on cetacea. G. Pilleri, eiL, 22, 1989: 292-297 W'ardle* WL J., T. A. Haney, G. A, J, Wcurthy 2000. New host record for the whak louse Isocyamus di^lphin a ( Amphipoda. C y ami dae ) . Cr u s lacea na 73 { 5 ): 639 - 541 . Wolff, T. 1958. On the rare whale-louse PiarvcvtJVrtii.'f tkompsoni ( G osse ) ( .Amphi poda. Cy ami dae ) . A'idensk. Medd. Dansk Naturh. Foren. 120: 1-14. Table It. Abbreviations for Figures; A1 antenna ] A2 ^ antenna 2 ABD - abdomen ACC - aectjssory ADHES * adhesion BRPL- brood plates COX - eoxal DORS - dorsal GEN - genital CN1 - gnathopod 1 GN2 - griathopod 2 HD head JUV - juvenile LAT - lateral LFT' - left LL lower Up (labium) MD mandible MXI - maxUla 1 MX2 - maxilla 2 MXPD - ma.\ilL]|>ed P5-7 - peraeopods 5^6,7 PEN * penis PER - peraeon segment PLP - palp PLPD - pleopod RT right SP spine UL - upper lip (labrum) X magnined DALE'S PORPOISE Phocoenuides daili AMPHIPACinCA VOL II N04. OCT, 10,2000 118 NOTES: INSTRUCTIONS TO AUlllORS Manuscript submission. Manuscripts submiLleJ tbr publi cation shauld represent oii^ina] eisntri but ions ihal have n^^t been piiblislieii clse^vhere. The [c\t shuuJJ be ^vriiien in English or French. 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