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MISCELLANIES
lite JuUcv Motthies' pbrarg.
THE
ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE
(1615)
JOHN [ANDREWS: A ^Gl
REV. ALEXANDER B, GfROSART,
ST. George's, blackburn, Lancashire.
PRINTED FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION, 1871.
106 COPIKS ONLY.
/ ^ mf THE
UNIVER'SITY
OF
PK.ZZ60
QXiitxxiB ,
PAGE.
I. Introduction 5.
11. Note 19.
III. Epistle-Dedicatory 20.
ly. Anatomie of Basenessb : .... 25 — 60.
1. Of the Flatterer . , 25—29.
2. To the Flattered 29—32.
3. To the Flatterer 32—35.
4. Of the Ingratefvl 36—39
5. To the bovntifvll 39—42.
6. The Anatomie 42—44.
7. To the Ingratefvl! 44—47.
8. Of the Enviovs 47—50.
9. To the Envied 50— 61.
10. To the Enuious 51—52.
11. To the Enuious (2d.) 53.
12. Of the Detracter 54—56.
13. To the Detracted 56—58.
14. To the Detracter 58—60.
189702
"tj^EL^-^V
OF CALtFO«J
aK
iRem0riaI-Intr0bui:ti0n.
^^HE **Anatomie ofBasenesse" was pub- lished anonymously, that is to say only the initials I. A. in the Epistle-Dedi- catory to Sir Robert Sydney guide to its author- ship. Apologizing for his dedication, the Writer says among other things, that he prints not *vaine- gloriously ' or he would have * subscribed ' his * name ' and that he forbore to have his name published * out of some respects '. We shall not err probably if we interpret the ' some respects ' as having reference to his being a ' Preacher ' of God's Word, as deeming his trenchant, vehement satire liable to misconstruction if known to come from a clergyman. Anthony a- Wood in his Athene^ and his erudite Editor Dr. Bliss, fill in the initials with *' J[ohn] A[ndrews] " and thus write of him: '* John Andrews, a Somersetshire man bom, was entred a student in Trin. Coll. B 5
6 MEMORTAL-TNTRODUCTIOX.
1601, aged 18, took one degree in Arts,^ left the University, became a painful? preacher of God's "Word and a publisher of these books following " — of which more anon — . Then, " When he died or where he was buried, I know not." Dr. Bliss appends the following : " He seems to have been the same person with John Andrews, minister and preacher of the Word of God at Barrick Bassett in the county of Wilts., who was the author of *' Christ's Cross : or the most com- fortable doctrine of Christ crucified and joyful tidings of his Passion. Oxon. 1614 qu. in two parts. To this writer we may ascribe a very rare poetical work, entitled the 'Anatomic of Basenesse.'
By ' Barrick Basset ' is intended
the small hamlet of 170 inhabitants, 'Berwick Bassett ' : but our enquiries there directly and in the county-History, have resulted in nothing. Sir Richard Hoare in his huge book on Wilts (1843) thinks it important to record that a
''Master James Andrews, Mayor " was
fined for "selling strong ale " (p. 274) : but has not a syllable for the "painfull Preacher". It does not appear that he was Incumbent : prob-
1 Viz. Master of Arts : {Fasti, s. n.) ' = Painstaking. G.
6
MEMORIAL-INTRODrCTIOKT. 7
ably he was a Curate or assistant, or what the Puritans supplied and named, Lecturer.
The identity of the '* Preacher of God's Word " with the author of the " Anatomic ", seems to be confirmed by an examination of the pious books enumerated by Wood, and others that must have escaped him. We glean what of Yerse is found in those that we possess ourselves or have come upon.
Passing '^Andrewe's Golden Chaine to linke the penitent sinner unto Almighty God " (1645) we have the " Converted Man's l^ew Birth " (1629) and *' Andre we' s Repentance, sounding alarum to return e from his sinnes unto Almighty God, declaring his repentance : published by John Andre wes, Minister of the Word of God, in the County of Wilts " (1623). These details of this quaint little volume will interest. On reverse of the title are these Lines :
The Author did this little booke forestall, And from the presse he did it take, That none thereof might haue the sale, But he himselfe which did it make. Except it be his speciall friend, Which may it sell, and giue, and lend.
8 MEMORIAL-IN-TEODUCTION.
Then follows a prayer (2 pages). Then ** To all Christian Sinners, (2 pages,) ending thus :
Prayer with practise, Oft times on your knee, Gets fauour with God, As daily we see. But prayer with lips "Where heart is away, Returnes into sinne Their soules to destroy.
Then follows *' The Author to the Reader " (2 pages,) in which he says that *' by the handy- work of God, in sending contrary windes, I have lost to the value of threescore pounds by the yeare, in spirituall livings within the realme of Ireland, to the vtter impouerishing of me, my wife and children for euer, except God in His mercy open the harts of welldisposed gentlemen and others, by their good liking of these my labors to relieue me in these my present wants, that thereby I may attaine unto some better estate againe."
Then comes "An humble Petition " &c. (12 pp).
Then this : (2 pages) *' The Praise of Wise- dome " Prouerbs, Chap 3.
Blest is the man that Wisdome finds, 8
MEMOEIAL-INTRODUCTION.
And he that doth obtaine True vnderstanding, and thereof Doth know the precious game : For better 'tis to get the same Then siluer ready told, And better profit it doth bring Then merchandize of gold. Wisedome doth precious stones exceed And all things else that are, There is nothing ]thou canst desire, To be compared to her. Ypon her right hand is long life. Which neuer is bereft, Eiches and honor doe attend And waite vpon the left. Her wayes are passing pleasant waves, Her paths are full of rest. She is a tree of life to those Which her to seeke are prest. Shee is I say a tree of life To such as on her hold. And such as alway keep her fast, Are blessed manifold. My Sonne let not these things depart, Nor from thine eye to passe, But keepe my lawes and counsels eke, And thou shalt finde them grace. 9
10 MEMOEIAL-INTBODIJCTION.
Vnto thy mouth, and to thy soule
They shall be perfect life.
So shalt thou safely walke the way
"Whereas there is no strife :
Thy foot from stumbling so thou maist
At all times surely keepe,
When thou lyest downc thou necdst not care,
But rest and sweetly sleepe :
Thou shalt not need to be afraid
Of any sodaine feare,
For violent force of wicked men
"Which chance, take thou no care.
For violent rushing in of such
As the vngodly are,
Of them thou needst not to account,
Nor let them not thee scare.
For why, the Lord with thee shall be
At hand, and keepe thy foot,
That by deceiuing sleights of foes
Thou neuer shalt be tooke.
Then follows (1 page)
The Author to his Booke.
Go thou my Booke with the zeale of my hart To all that shal come view thee : 10
MEMOKIAL-INTKODUCTIO.V. 1 1
When thou hast past from the Presse, and art
print Cry daily, Come peruse me : If that thou canst giue to them all content, Then is my labour ended, Which is the thing that I haue desired For my paines on thee spended.
Turning now to another, viz.
''A golden Trumpet sounding an Alarum to Judgement" &c, *' By John Andre wes Minister and Preacher of God's Word". " The Nine and twentieth Impression, London. 1648". (22 pp small 8vo), on reverse of title are these Lines :
The Author to the Eeader.
Sound to Judgement this Golden Trumpet,
Into the eares of every one ; Early be ringing here thine owne knell, 0 sound t' alarum, for time will be gone. Weep for thy sins, and watch for the day Here of the']coming of Christ our Judge ; Each day and houre slips quickly away ; No time is set, therefore doe not grudge.
Make this Trumpet to sound in thine eare, A day of Judgement is almost come : 11
12 MEMOEIAL-INTEODUCTION.
Delay no time, we all must appeare, Now still prepare for the day of doome.
On 3d page of text is tlie following :
To morrow, some wil say, I will a convert be ; 0 when tell me I pray, shall I this morrow see ? Let never wise man say, tomorrow mend I will; "Who is not fit to day, is lesse and lesse fit still.
Again, we have
*' A Celestiall Looking-Glasse " &c., by John Andrewes, Preacher of God's word " London, sm. 8vo 1639. (pp 21.) On reverse of the title is the following
The Avthor to the Eeader.
If Logick's arts could heavenly joy es define, Or Geometry celestiall wayes but measure. Here mortall men might shew these workes divine^ Now in the heavens where saints doe reigne with pleasure.
Arithmeticians ne're can number right, IsTor yet the tongues of rhetoricians rare. Describe that blisse which saints have in God's
sight, Eeioycing with Christ our Saviour there. 12
MEMOfilAL-INTEODUCTION. 1 3
Esteeme you this Celestiall LooTciiig-glasse, Which I have penn'd Heaven's beauty to behold : Each day and night pray God to bring to passe, Such joyes unto our soules for to unfold. Anagramma, Nonne Deus eras via ?
Finally, there is
*'Andrewes Caveat, to "Win Sinners" &c. ''N'ewly published by John Andrewes, Preacher of God's Word "—London, 1655, small 80. (22pp). On last page is the following
Sinne no more.
Christ's mercy is to such as doe repent,
But not to sinners that remaine in sinne, Who were a sinner, if he have intent To change his life, he may His mercies win ; Eor in the world He hath His mercy plast, * Whilst it endures, so will it ever last.
If sinners' conscience tremble for to thinke Of their accounts upon the dreadfull day ; If that their terrors make their hearts to shrinke, Then let their mind drive sinfull thoughts away, And dare not doe their wicked actions here, In -jrhich they durst not at that day appeare. 13
14 MEMOKIAL-INTIIOTJUCTION.
God's justice doth, as ever heretofore, Call on, that sinners may receive their due. But Christ's endeavours now, as evermore. For man's repentance, and salvation sue. At Jesus sute, God ever granteth grace, And for repentance giveth sinners space.
Certainly the sentiment excells the poetry in these homely, Eunyan-like rhymes, and they lack the elarij the terseness, the quick touches, of the * Anatomie of Basenesse.' Still they go to shew- that the Verse-taste was in the "Writer, and so, that Wood and Bliss's filling in of the initials I. A. may be accepted.^
Of the "Anatomie of Basenesse," only the solitary exemplar in the Bodleian is known. It must consequently be a surprize — a pleasant one surely— to most of our Eeaders. It is character- ized by uncommon vigour and high-toned morale.
1 In Trinity College Library, Cambridge, is the follow- ing book: "An Historical Narrative of the judgement of some learned and godly English Bishops, holy martyrs, and others, &c. London, 1631. 4o. The Epistle to the Reader is signed J. A. of Ailward, which has been ex- panded in MS. to Jo. Andrewes of Ailward, Doctor. I have failed to discover where Ailward was, and so to identify Dr. Jo. Andrewes with our Worthy. 14
MEMORIAL-I ^TTKODUCTION. 1 5
You can't help laying up in memory some of its lines that are condensed as any aphorism of a Master, e.g.
" You like the meate because the sauce is sweete " and
" You quite forget neere honie lies a sting ", and
*' Beheading him that honestly reproves you " and
" Tel the sun he'es brighter than the moone " and
** Still to be doing though you do amisse."
There is humour in this retort '* To the ungrate- full":
I'st long of thy short memorie, that thou
yeeld'st not due thanks, where thou the same do'st owe ?
Alas, good man, why dost thou not forget to hegge as well f "
Sometimes there is a happy epithet, as in the Feast of the envious, En vie is " the meager cooke " and finer as deeper, and worthy to be put beside Mrs. Olive's grand ** insuperable threshold " is 15
16 MEMOEIAL- INTRODUCTION.
this : " the hand of reeonciling Death " as vain to arrest the cruel speech of Envy. The context is VForth adducing :
^' ^or can the hand of reconciling Death Free men from this iniurious monster's sting which through the howels of the Earth doth
pierce and in the quiet vault appeares more fierce Then Death — the graue's sterne tyrannizing king."—
This too is noticeable :
"An honest fame — like spice— the more 'tis bruis'd
sauors the sweeter, which when we are dead "Will be the sweetest seare-cloth can be vs'd
to wrap vs in ; it will outlast the lead Wherein that bodie lies, in which did Hue
a spotted conscience, a detracting spirit ; Which to itselfe an earthly heauen did giue,
and of heauen's ioyes it selfe did disinherite."
And this :
Doe not you thinke that man deserues much blame who findes his owne infirmitie, yet feedes
16
MEMOSIAL-INTRODrCTION.
17
Daily on that which nourisheth the same,
and dangerously the braine's corruption breeds ?
Altogether, independent of its unique existence, the " Anatomic " is intrinsically worthy of wider preservation and study.
ALEXAIS^DEE, B. GROSART.
17
^natomk d §a$ene00t
1615.
Below will be found the original title-page of the "Anatomie of Basenesse" — for the unique exemplar of which I am indebted as in other cases, to the world- renowned Bodleian. G.
THE
ANATOMIE
OF
BASENESSE.
OR
The foure quarters of a knave ;
Flatterie, Ingratitude, Enuie, Detraction.
He that hath these foure parts, neede no more haue
To be recorded for a complete Knaue. Imprinted at London for Richard Jtedmer, and are to be sold I at the West dore of Paules at the signe of the Starrs.
1615. I [4to, 18 leaves.]
ffipistlc-Jlctiicator}),
To THE TRULY enoblecl both by vertue and birth, Sir KoBEET Sydney, Knight of the Bath : ^
I. A. wisheth the reward of his vertue, honour in this world, glorie in the next :
HONOUKABLE SiR,
To immitate the common methode of Epist- olizers in this kinde, were rather to write of you then to you ; which course though I affect^ not, I cannot altogether neglect, though I shall thereby either wrong you or myselfe ; for in publishing — though sparingly — my knowledge of your worth to the world, such, to whom you are vnknowne will so much iniure mee, as to taxe me with — what I condemne in others — flatterie ; whereas some —
1 The illustrious brother of the still more illustrious Sir Philip Sidney. He was knighted for his bravery at fatal Zutphen. His name is imperishahly linked with his brother's. It were superfluous to annotate more here. G.
» Choose, a.
c 21
i^NlVEf^SlTY I
22 EPISTLE-DEDICATORY.
to whom you are no stranger — will censure mee as much on the cotrary to haue dealt with you rather, accordinj2j to the pouertie of my ahilitie, then to the fulnesse of your merite.
It will peraduenture seeme strange vnto you — if this poore worke chance to come to your view — what assurance of your good acceptance begat such presumption in me as to dedicate the same vnto you. I must first answere, I haue not done it mercenarily ; for then I would haue presented it to your hand : nor vaine-gloriously ; for then I would either haue craned your allowance, or sub- scribed my name ; but freely and honestly out of that respect which I owe to that innate goodnesse which I know to be in joii. Though I forbeare — out of some respects — to haue my name pub- lished ; yet I can acknowledge the booke to be mine without blushing. If it bee — by anie — ill digested, the fault must be in the taker not in the Author. It was written with a right hand, and I wish it may not be sinisterly intertaiued by any ; but if som wil needs be so forward, the care is taken. In you I am made so confident by that— I might iustly vse honourable, noble, worthy, or some such high epithete : but I will lather say — honest — a poore phrase will some thinke — and vertuous dis- position which accompanies you, that I must 22
EPISTLE-DEDICATOEY. 23
account it my happinesse that I liue to knowe a second, whose brest Goodnesse makes her habita- tion ; yet pardon mee if I say, I enioy not this happinessse without some touch of griefe ;^ I shall not need to implore your protection, though your pardon. I acknowledge I haue presumed, and know you can and will remit the errors of affection in him that is.
The wisher of your honour, and honourer of your
YERTYES
1 The death of Sir Philip Sidney is in J. A's thought. G.
23
|
•:'vvi^«»J«^->;>j^-:':vv>x;>^,«B^v^ |
]y^:^^^^^:;. |
|
iSi |
^he ^ttatoms of fiaBcrte^^e,
(Df the Jkttercr.
They that compare the fawning Parisite, vnto the spaniel, do the curre much wrong ; for he will often heare his master's tongue,
When in the field he follows his delight :
Yet neuer quest ;^ but th' ecchoing Sicophant at euery word, by his weake fauourer spoken, cries ' good ', * 'tis true ' ; and this is held a token
Of much respect and loue ; though from the haunt
Of worth and merit his base nature range
as farre as falshood, from the strong built nest of Truth and Goodnesse, which in euery brest
Should like two twinnes be nourisht ; but 'tis strange
^ To give tongue, as usually the spaniel does on scent- ing game. G.
25
26 AXATOMIE OF BASENESSE.
To see how this poore worthlesse humour Hues, euen in those bosomes where good bloud and
parts, haue their abiding, poisoning generous arts^
IViththat, to which no language spoken giues
An epithete too bad : and to those men
— if I may tearme them so — whose only words such sweetnesse to the flattered eare affoords ;
To yeeld a fitting title by my pen.
I am as much vnable, as vnapt to imitate their basenesse ; which indeede had I not chanc't t'haue heard, into my creede
Could nere haue come ; but it hath often hapt
To sownde within the compasse of my hearing ; whereby mine eares as to the pillory, seem'd to be nailde in such gj osse flattery ;
Yet in their cheekes no signe of shame appearing.
It may seeme strange— yet I dare say 'tis true — that I haue blusht to see their impudence, while they — vn-man-like — seem'd to haue no sence
Of their own basenes : of this thriuing erne.
' Query, arts = hearts ? G. 26
ANATOMIE or BASENESSE. 27
I haue observ'd both sexes to be free ;
too free in some respect, though in some kinde more boand thon slaves, for our best part— the minde —
Was chiefly given diuincst things to see.
And not to be by ought that shares with vs,
in the short course of our mortalitie
so fetter'd, least vnhappily it be, Depriv'd of its best good in being thus.
Haue I not heard one tell the crowe, shee's white, and Midas-like preferre the pipe of Pan before Appollo's harpe? wherein this man — Who thus from Art and jS'ature teares their
right- Thus from the Phrygian differs ; Midas weares — as the reward and badge of ignorance — th'eares of an asse ; but 'tis the other's chance To thriue by clawing th'ignorant asse's eares.
Haue I not heard some tell the prodigall, 'tis for his honour to be bountifull : and with applause commend the humourous gulP
In all his actions ? I haue seen them fall
^ • The ' gull ' given to ' humours ' or changes. Cf. 27
#
28 AX ATOM IE OF BASENESSE. i
And kisse the feete of a great golden calfe ; whose very best of his admired worth was by a taylor to the world brought forth,
To whom his honour ought^ his better halfe.
Let a man chafe — though no iust cause there be— and then obsequious apes will fret as fast, as had they scene a verier slaue t'haue past
By, then themselues : or be your humour free
And iouially dispos'd, they'le Janus-like
straite shew a cleerer face, where you may see the true proportion of hypocrisie
Drawne to the life ;— which loues as others like —
Many yeeres since the famous Chaucer^ writ, that these same men which bear a double visage, are as meere monsters in good Nature's linage, —
And for good mens societie vnfit.
Like your chameleons these wil change their hew
Sir John Davies' Rpigram on the * Gull ' : our edition pp 346 -7 et alibi G.
• Owed. O.
* Is the allusion to Chaucer's account of Fals Semblant in the later part of the Eomawit of the Hose ? (that is a. a summing up of the character.) In line 1070 is this of the lozenger " No good man loueth her companye ". G.
28
» AXATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 29
as you your colour, be it good or ill ; change nere so oft, yet you shall finde them still — From what they were — transforme as fast as you
Seeme to be most vnlike your selfe, or speake what you least thinke, they'le be, and speake
like you ; tell them they're knaues, they'le smile and say so too ; Faine your selfe ill, they'le sweare they finde you weake.
*l'o the Jkttcreti*
OXD man, that suck'st the pleasing poyson in By — which from the Syren's vnsuspected tongue Is kindly offer'd to thine eare — wherein
are all the drugges and dregges of vildnesse^ Avrung : Assure thy selfe, if in thy bo some Hue
ought that deserues the name of worth, 'tis knowne
1 Vileness. Gr. 29
30 ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE.
More then thy selfe, nor shalt thou neede to giue
Pame a reward to haue thy mercy blowne. Tor 'tis her care, the more she findes thee slow,
or carelesse, whether thy desert shall be Knowne vnto any, but thy selfe, or no ;
to sound the louder : — so to honour thee — Thorough her golden trumpet— good mens throats —
or if thine eare shall loue, and itch to heare Thine own praise sung in smooth and pleasing notes, — which makes true worth vnlike it selfe appeare — She hath another trumpet blowne by those, whose mercenary tongues shall sownd thy praise ; But with a breath which blasteth as it blowes,
\ and ruines that which it pretends to raise. Por do but note, you shall perceiue their plots,
ai'e — being once assur'd of you as friends — To thrust their blankes amongst your high priz'd lots, so by your losse to compasse their owne ends. But selfe-conceipt so much corrupts your sence, that to your iudgement, onely that same man Seemes wise and honest, and giues no offence
that by this art, can make a goose a swanne. If by the breath of these, you striue to raise 30
ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 31
your reputation, your ambition's weake ; You must resolue of such to buy yoar praise ;
not for the trueth, but for reward they speake. If on the former — who for Yertue's sake
honour that good is in you — you relie, Their approbation shall have power to make
your glory line to all posteritie. Doe not you thinke that man deserues much blame
who findes his owne infirmitie, yet feedes Daily on that which nourisheth the same,
And dangerously the braine's corruption breeds ? Such is your case — weake men and women — for
you like the meate because the sauce is sweete ; "What bitter is — though wholsome — you abhorre,
disabling that which iudgement holdeth meete. Eut iudgement is no iudgement, if it seeme
to contradict your humour ; but the longer Y'are constant to this poorenesse, — which you deeme
worth in your selues— your weakness proues the stroger. Though to the palat pills distastfuU be
they to the health more beneficiall prone, Then things more pleasing to the sence ; we see
cutting doth oft in curing much behoue : Eut you like Herod thinke, that he most loues you
who cries, you speak more like a god then man ; 31
32 ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE.
Eeheading him that honestly reproues you, not caring though it be baptizing John :^
Let a man seeme but cheerefully to sing ' Placebo ' to your words and actions, then
You quite forget, neere honie lies a sting ,
and that the diuell— clarke-like — saytb * Amen '
Where flatterers— his chaplaines — reade the Masse whose superstition— making you their saint — you doe allow as currantly to passe,
For truth, as Gospell— which no tongue can, taint —
%o the Jktterer.
HOU that canst grieue because another smiles, and giue to vndeseruing spirits, stiles Which thou dost filch from gen'rous noble minds ;
because thy poore obsequious humour findes Cold intertainment there ; tell me, dost thinke
that all are blinde that are content to winke ? Or that thy shamelesse flattery beguiles euery man that at thy glozing smiles ? Assure thy selfe thy thoughts deceiue thee much ;
^ St. John the Baptist : cf. Acts of Apostles xii. 22 and St. Matthew xiv. 1-^12 G. 32
Al^ATOMIE OF BASEIVESSE. 33
for many smile to see thy basenesse such : And such as thou think' st blind more truly see
thy heart, then they that hu gge thy flatterie ; And— scorning by thy pitch to be defil'd,
or by thy sweet tun'd lullabies beguil'd — Doe loath to view thy vilde^ deformitie,
which pleasing is to such as fauour thee. That euery man be master of his owne
all men allow ; but it is lately growne To such a custome, — first by thee brought in —
among th' ambitious of this world of s inne, That to a man — if I professe to loue him —
I must giue titles some degrees aboue him : Or else be tax'd with enuie or neglect,^
though my soule knowes, I giue more true respect Then you that id'ly light a torch at noone,
and tell the sun hee's brighter then the moone ; "Which argues only that your humour is,
still to be doing though you do amisse In guilding gold. This I obserued haue
in some, whose age did homage to the graue,
1 Vile. G.
2 Even so in this year 1871. Every Smith, Brown, Robinson and Jones must be dubbed 'Esquire', will be quite offended with plain * Mr. '. G.
33
34 ANATOMIK or HASENESSE.
"Whose words in prairs more fitly had been spent,
and with deuotion on embassage sent To make their peace with heauen, then to obay
that which would guide them by the broader way. If it be hatefnll euen in younger yeeres
to temporize and gloze, sure it appeares Monstrous in Age, whose part it rather is
to grieue for what in youth it did amisse ; Then in the last act of a life mis-led,
To heape more blowes vpon a wounded head. Could I instruct, or might I but aduise,
I'de teach, or wish you to become more wise : But 'twill be thought preposterous in Youth
To tutor Age, though by the Word of Truth :^ Such proofes as it doth bring approoued be :
Therefore I leave you to your humour free ; Wheiin — no doubt — you'le one day finde this true,
You make your fav'rers fooles, they knaues of you. Too mild a stile, for that's a tearme for men ;
if so, too good for any flatterer then : "What, shall T call thee diuell, monster beast ?
if not all these, thou'rt one of them at least
^ Perhaps th'is may be taken as an intimation that the Poet was now in early youth. G. 34
ANATOMIK or EASENESSE. 35
Transform'd to th' shape of man ; nor seemes it strange if thy grand Master — who himselfe can change Into an angel's likcnesse — make thee seeme, A saint-like man in many men's esteeme; Instructing thee vpon what vaine to worke,
And where thou maiest the most securely lurke, With best assurance bids thee plie that minde ; where thou the weakest easiness shalt finde : Such thou maiest puife as butchers do their meate, and with thy breath perswade them they're as great As thou dost make them ; and aboue the rest, be sure — my child — thou suff'rest not a iest, Bce't nere so poore, to passe without a ' good,'
though by none else the same were vnderstood How to deserue applause ; and then thou hear'st
amongst that sect — where gracious thou appears't — A tedious talker, sencelesly discourse
till he dull others, and himselfe grow hoarse — Let thy attention— till his tongue ly'th still —
stare in his face, then let him finde thy skill. These be the rules, and many worse then these thou must obserue, if thou desir'st to please. Thy tutor sayth, whose helpe will nere deceive thee, and to whose fauour wretched man, I leaue thee. 32
36 ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE.
(E)f the Jngrateful
JOME haue compar'd^and not improperly — him that is tainted with this worst of ills
vnto the swine, who— freely daily— fills His hungrie mawe euen to sacietie.
Tpon such maste as from the fruitfuU tree falls to the ground, yet his deiected eye is fixed only where his food doth lie,
And neuer rais'd the Giuer's face to see.
Guilty of this vnpardonable crime,
were^ diuers kinds of these inhumane men, discoursed by th' industrious famous pen
Of heathen TuUy, lining in his time.
The first dissemblers were of fauours reap'd proportioning the same — being more or lesse — To the small measure of their thankfulnesse,
Though a full hand on them the same has heap'd.
The next acknowledg'd freely that occasion, off'ring it selfe — ioyn'd with abilitie — to make requitall — for each curtesie —
Seem'd deafe to Opportunitie's perswasion.
Misprinted ' where '. G. 36
A^SATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 37
An other sort there was, whose shamelesse crauing would not admit deniall, but being made master of their desires, could soone perswade
Their tongues — too basely — to denie the hauing.
The fourth and last — and worst my Author writes —
were such as, what they had receiu'd, forgot.
YnthankfuU he then, that remembers not ; He that denies, dissembles not requites.
Let me adde one kinde more, which I conceiue worse then all these, who like the frozen snake, stings that same bosome, whence it warmth did take ;
And would, what gaue it life, of life bereaue.
Such there hath been, my obseruation knowes, who — fi'om a poore, delected miser state — being rais'd — by great ones — proued so ingrate.
To bring their rayser's necke neere th' axe's bio wes.
Should I demaund why such unnumbred were among the former, some man might reply ; — as vnto him who ask't the reason why,
Among so many lawes, so strict, seuere,
Made by the Eomans, none was knowne to touch D 37
38 ANATo>riE or base^tesse.
the childc, whose hand should guide the fatall
knife, to cut his throat who gaue his being life : — Because that Tully thought there liv'd none such
But since the time perfidious Judas dyed
— who at his end— I feare — bequeath'd his
curse, to some that do in these dales beare the purse —
Such there haue been, such haue been deifide.
If your prosperity strike sayle, be sure
These kites, that stoop to you while you can
feede them, come to an other's fist ; and if you need them
They soare aloof e, checke at your empty lure.
Much like their embleme, which — for the full payles — followe the maide that beares them : if she
fall and spill the meate, to that they run, and all Respect of her that vs'd to feede them, failes.
Or cuckoe-like, they to youi- Summer's sunne sing merrily — though sucke your egges withall — '
38
ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 39
but when they findc your Summer faile, and FaP Draw neere, they're gone, and their harsh musicke done.
^0 the b0bntifi3ll
F on the waters you shall cast your bread it is not lost, 2 but if your pearles you throw
Ynto the swine, be sure the same they'l tread vnder their feete f good seed['s] in good ground so wen. Fauours ill plac'd, are numbred with ill deeds ;*
for if that hand which liberally bestowes, — Though it — in giuing — other mens exceedes —
not the true vse of Bountie rightly, knowes, 'Twere better be more sparing ; for to giue is proper to all creatures in their kiude :
1 Fall = Autumn, from the 'falling of the leaf" as Spring from the ' springing ' See our edn. of Henry Vaughan : Index of words under " Fall ". G.
* Ecclesiastes xi. 1. G. ^ g^. Matthew vii. 6. G.
* Beneficia male looata malefacta sunt. A.
39
40 ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE.
The meanest thing which we can say doth Hue,
in some respect we beneficiall finde, But vnto man is only giuen the powre
to limit bounty, know when, how, on whom, Best to bestowe ; not like a heedlesse showre
to let faire flowers die in their mother's wombe For lack of moisture, whil'st vpon wild weedes
it — in aboundance — poures refreshing droppes ; This kinde of giuing naturally proceedes
from partiall bands, which in the course soone stoppes. 'Nor should your bountie — like the sunne — runne round
and shine on all alike, though — like the beames — The same should seldome in the eclipse be found ;
truest bountie lines betweene cxtreames. Your hand should neuer be so lockt from all,
as to deserue a couetous report :^ N'or still in action like your Prodigall,
who makes expence his most delightfull sport : Long since were none then'^ goodmen held more fit
to taste your bountie— then t'was rightly vs'd; —
^ Non ita claudenda est res familiuris vt earn Lenignitas aperire non pos'sit, nee ita reseranda yt pateat omnibus. A. 3 = than. G.
40
ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 41
But in those daies, such men must naked sit :
thus is true liberality abus'd. He that can now most temporize, best thriues,
and great men, more then good men, bounty taste ; Honie is brought vnto the fullest hiues,
small riuers giue vnto the sea— in waste — Many — againe — like husband-men doe lay
Their seede in th' bosome of the fattest ground ; Whose richnesse will with much aduantage paie,
where for each graine there shall an eare be found : And some of you, to gaine a knaue's good word ;
or by a iester to be highly prais'd Will giue with both handes, place them at your boord ;
when good-men are not ore your threshold rais'd. Boun tie's pure current in this muddie time,
Is by the fogges of Prodigalitie So steinch't, with stinking ayres, so re-spread with slime,
that — as it were not — no such thing we see. Wee finde the stream e as contrary to runne,
vnto that course which it should rightly hold, As is the West to th' rising of the sunne,
or Southerne heate vnto the ITortherne cold.
41
42 ANATOMIE or BASEJNTEiSSE.
Nay more, this vertue suffers wrong, as to be made a subiect, nay a slaiie.
^ke Jlnatomie.
UEISr vnto such whose base malitious
tongue the giuer's reputation dare depraue :^ Yet haue they still gift after gift receiu'd,
Euen to the full of their desires : shall I Say this was bounty ? I might seeme bereav'd
— in saying so — of sence and honesty. If a curst dogge — fed at your table— bites you, you'le kick him — if not hang him— at the least : And in a man — which doggedly requites^ yoa —
reward you that, you punish in a beast ? I know not to tearme this kinde of giuing :
nor will I make my braine a minte for phrase ; But wish that men — whil'st their faire fame is lining, would manifest it comes of Vertue's race ;
^ Defame, depreciate G. ' Misprinted 'requires '. G. 42
a:n^atomie of basenesse. 43
Whose true-borne children should releive her friends ;
but Veitue starues, they go degenerate In sucking base ones, for their priuate ends,
whil'st she and her's— though prais'd — are desolate. Alas ! poor Ycrlue,— onely poor to such,
as do not know thy worth, who liue and die Without all sence of goodnes, or a touch,
of ought but beast-like sensualitie : — ^ Or rather let me pittie them then thee.
for though the strange deformed brats of Yice Ee richly clad now, thine in pouertie ;
they valued high, but thine at meanest price ; The time may come when Bountie shall appeare
pure, like it selfe, and like faire Yertue's freind, When Ostentation shall not dare come neere,
nor Prodigalitie perswade her spend, But vpon such as merite more then craue ;
then shall no hauling foole, no wit-bare iester, "No fawning base insinuating slaue
presume, the place where Bountie lines, to pester And you that now it thus abuse, shall then
^ Tails benignitas vanitati est coniunctior, quam Uberalitati. Cic[ero]. G. * Virtus laudatur et alget. Q . 43
44 ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE.
curse your inucli-giuing and mis-giuing hand, "When you shall see the deeds of other men,
grauen in brasse, your's written in the sand. Such mettle are men's hearts, the thankful! part
cannot forget the good it doth receiue, Eut — as in brasse — record it in his heart,
of which no time can ere the same bereaue. Th' ingrateful nature — sand-like — doth retaine
th' impression of your hand, and more perceiues. An aptnesse in it selfe to take againe,
then to make shew it anything receiues.
^a the Ingratefbll,
S'T long of thy short memorie, that thou yeeld'st not due thanks, where thou the same do'st owe ? Alas, good man, why do'st thou not forget
to begge as well ? or do'st thou thinke it fit For men to craue thy thankes because to thee "vnask't their fauours came not ? can there be Excuse allow'd for such a fault ? 0 no
But contrarie, no tyrants lawe can show A torture too seuere for such an ill :
Looke how an ore-charg'd peece breaking doth
kiU
t
44
ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 45
The gazers on, and yet the gunner stand
not hurt at all, though from his fatal! hand Death tooke his flight ; so doth thy want of art
rightly to vse a friend, make many smart And suffer too vniustly : for, thy fault
makes honest hearts — with no such basenesse fraught — Suspected ; which approues the proverbe true
men scalt with hot, cold water do eschewe. The guiltlesse seruants of that Carmelite^
inurbane^ foole, who did with ill requite Pauours receiu'd — had been to death pursuade
— but for his wife — for his ingratitude. Art^ thou reliev'd in want, and canst forget
— vn worthy wretch— what gracious hand did set
Thy mis'ry free ? doost thinke ther's nothing more
to be perform' d when of thy leaprous sore Of pouerty thou'rt cur'd ; no thankes, no praise,
rendred to Him which chang'd thy painfull dales To times of ease ? more grieuous is thy sore
' Naball. [See 1 Samuel c xxv. G.] 2 =« uncivil. G. ^ Misprinted ' Arr.'
45
46 ANATOMIE OF BASL'NESSE.
— through thy neglect — by much then 'twas before. Thine out ward sence then only felt the smart ;
but now it sticks so close to thy false heaii:, — And vl'cring ly'th in thy corrupted bloud —
That not from thence proceedes a thought that's good. If by sinister meanes thou hast obtuin'd
What thou inioyst, thou c:.nst not say 'tis gain'd. By wealth that's purchast with the losse of fame,
men do growe rich in nothing else but shame : Ifi whom desert, no thankfulnesse doth moue,
they do noe lesse then cheate men of their loue. Thou with a hollow heart, false, stopp'd within,
on thy best friends wilt play, so thou mais't win : Gaine sauours w^ell to thy misiudging sence, ^
whose facultie can easily dispence "With any stocke, with any ground, or dung
— bee't ne're so base, or vild^ for any tongue But thine to touch — from whence it doth proceede,
though in thy bosome with the same doth breed Hatefull Ingratitude ; whose brasen brow
— bold impe of Impudence — will not allow
1 Dulcis odor liicri. A. ^ yiie, as before. G,
46
AXATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 47
A blush to touch it. I confesse my fault
from misconstruction came, in that I thought
Thou had'st been man, as well in deed, as name, which title di'd to thee, when thou to shame.
m tlxt (EitlDious.
OE we not hold him mad, that in his hand Dare gripe an adder, though he crush it dead?
or seemes it strange, if he by whom is fedde A lyon's whelpe, or hath of beares command,
Shall haue his bloud by them vntimely shed ? What shall we thinke him then that entertaines a viper next his heart, which from his vaines
Sucks his best bloud, and leaueth in the stead
A fretting poyson ? whose effect is this,
it makes him grieue and rage at others good, to stabbe himselfe to spill an other's bloud,
And thinke himselfe curs' d in an other's blisse.
Let him be gorg'd euen to the very throate ; yet will he vexe to heare an other call
^ Dulcis odor lucri. A 47
48 ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE.
for a poore crust of bread ; it frets his gall To see a sayle belongs not to his boate.
If with the price of one of his owne eyes
he can buy both an other man's, hee'l doo't : 'Tis to be fear'd too, for a soule to boote
Hee'l giue his owne to hell a sacrifice.
This is the man which from his mother's wombe hath been peruerse and froward, whose vild life is nourisht only by the breath of strife ;
Which birth and breathing cannot want a roome
At last in hell ; for he that trauell's^ heere
— this monster-like— with mischiefe, cannot
finde a place more suting to his diu'lish mind,
Then where his friends and father may be neere.
To be deliuerd of his hell-bred seede :
for there some damn'd infernall hagge or other may be the midwife fit for such a mother
From whom — at best — some Fury must proceede.
This is the man'^ who sits, and laughs to spie
1 Travails. G.
^ Yix sunt homines, hoc nomine digni quamque lupi sense plus feritatis habent, perfudere manus fraterno sanguine fratre. A.
48
AJ: ATOM IE OF BASENESSE. 49
where men do — wolfe-like — by throate, each
other teare : how the inhumane brother kills the brother, And by the hand of children, parents die.
When he perceives an other's downe-fall nigh, he thirsts to see their mine, more then they whose high-flowne falcons — watchfull for their prey —
Threatning to bring destruction from the skie,
Long to behold the fearefull game strooke dead. 'Tis Entjie's life, soule, summum bonum, all which we tearm deere, to see an other fall,
Though't be the man that giues his hunger bread.
To see his neighbour fast is his best foode, it makes him leane to see another fat ; he pines to nought, when he finds nought whereat
He may repine. To haue him vnderstood,
And to the full describ'd, thus in a word, it grieves his staru'ling spirit more to see
^ Inuidus non minus discruciatur aliena felicitate, quam suo infortunio. A.
49
50 AXATOMIE OF BASEXESSE.
an otter's good, then his owne miserie : Though it cut deeper then Affliction's sword.
^0 the (tiWiitb.
S it not strange, that such can Hue, whose foode Is dres'd by Enuie, and with poyson mixt, Whose heart's the kitchen, and whose canker'd bloud the meager cooke carowseth ; while betwixt, His master and the diuell are begotten
prodigious monsters, which appeare as barren Of honestie as Hell, their ioints as rotten
through want of marrow, as a peece of carrion ? By these th' art malic' d ; but be not dismaide
nor grieue thou at them, rather for them grieue If so thou canst thy charitie perswade,
— which as thou'rt flesh and bloud, I scarce belieue. — "When a fierce dogge comes running at thee, stay,
and thou shalt finde hee'l rather back retire Then offer to assault thee : if away from him thou fly'st thou further' st his desire 50
AJfATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 51
So these — farre worse then dogges — will fiercely bite,
when they perceiue their venome makes thee stirre : Tor nothing giues such fulnesse of delight
to th' snarling spleen of a raalitious curre, As to behold the mischiefe that he doth.
Eut where well-temper' d patience doth preserue — As a safe antidote th' rankling tooth
of Enuie's whelpes — they pine awaie, and starue : This to thy farewell ; if thy vertues make thee
hateful! to th' bad, their enuie is thy glorie : If loue to vice make good men's loue forsake thee,
resolue thyselfe they enuy not, they're sorrie.^
^0 the (EnuiouB.
TJT that I know thy face, I must confesse I should haue trembled ; for an obiect lesse
Eearefull, were able without physick's art To make a costiue man play a loose part. I cannot thinke the worst of Pharoe's kine
' Inuidia virtute parta gloria, non inuidia putanda est. A
61
52 Ai^ATOMfE OF RASEXESSE.
Look't halfe^so bare, as"^tliis poore trunke of thine ; AVhich like Sir Cranion/ or a starv'ling capon Staukes here and there, proportionately shapen To thy leane spirit, whose repining hate Hath brought thy carcasse to this pining state. I see there are more ways to th' wood then one ; 'Not age, or wedlocke, bring' th a man alone Vnto a night-cap ; for a wretched minde Gaue thine to thee ; 0 had it been so kinde T'haue put a nose-gaie too into thy hand ; And in thy ruffe's roome plac'd a falling band, Many had lookt to haue scene you turne, and
Hope, "Would haue presum'd that next had come a roape: "Whereto thy hanging ominous lookes presage Thou must do homage ; in th' meane time, ingage That little hope thy wretched soule enioyes Of heauen, to him who thy best good destroyes, In feeding thy insatiable spleene ; Which — had not helpe from Hell transported
been — Could not haue been so diuelish as't hath proou'd, But it in thee, infernall powers haue mou'd:
1 Query = Sir Crane. G
<2
ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 53
^0 the €nwi0us.
CARCE Hell itself could conster^ that
for ill, Which — damned — thou — to satisfie thy will- Hast vr'gd — I know — as an extreame offence, Against vnguiltie, harmlesse Innocence. Which hath^ by some, — too credulous weake men — — Out of their wisdomes — been found faulty ;
when Had they been masters but of so much sight. As to distinguish betweene day and night. They had beene lesse iniurious, or more iust ; But to such iudges must the guilty trust, Whil'st Innocence must suffer ; yet not so Eut it may Hue to see their ouerthrow Who moale-like heaue vnseene, till at the last Their working be discouer'd and they cast Out of their hollow trenches, and withall Trod on by them, whom they desir'd might fall ; Then shall your sable cacodaemon be Hang'd with a twigge vpon some willow tree ; To all which enuious vndermining slaues I wish no fairer ends, no better graues.
^ = construe. G. ^ Misprinted ' hiath'. G.
E 53
64 AXATOMIE OF BASENESSE,
®f the Betriader.
HIS comes in last, because he comes be- hinde those whom he wrongs, though in his doing so the diuell cannot him in skill foregoe Ynto the last but this ; this last I findo
To be as neere alli'd in basenesso, as a brother can be to a brother twinne, in feature, though — as oft— Kature within
Proportion them so like, that each doth passe
For other. Onely this one difference I note, this last allow'th more freedome to his tongue then Enuie doth, and other men are stung
By him more then himselfe ; he makes his throate
An open graue, where his contagious breath, labours to blast the spotlcsse fame of such, whose reputation it shall chance to touch,
N'or can the hand of reconciling Death
Pree men from the iniurious monster's sting, which through the bowels of the Earth doth pierce,
54
ANATOMIE OF UASENfiSSE. 5^
and in the quiet vault appeares more fierce Then Death— the graue's stern tyrannizing king —
Were a man here as free from actual ill,
as when he first moucl in his mother's wombe ; or as the man that calls the Heauen his home
Guiltlesse of sinne ; yet would this tJ'ie his skill
If in a bul-rush he can finde a knot;
or from pure liony — which the harmlesse bee suck'd from those flowers which like it selfe was free —
Straine poison'd iuyce ; when if he finde one iot
"Which he can iudgc doth relish of a weede — from which the toylsome bee cheerfully flieS) home to the hiue with hoay laden thighs —
He straite concludes no good can thence proceeds
So strange is the distraction of this Tom of Bedlam, that all places, times, and men without distinction seeme alike : for when
The furious rayling fit comes on him, from
His stinking stomacke, hee'le belch forth suck geere, such filth ; and with such violence, as though he meant to cast his rotten garbage : so He ioyes to make his loathsomnesse appeare. 55
56 ANATOMIE OF BASEIs'ESSE.
This — what shall I tearme him— will deiioure your bread, call you his master, crouch with cap in hand, professe he falls, if you shall faile to stand ;
Yet curse you lining, ioy when you are dead*
He'le be the herald of your infamy,
and scandalize your worth, though you haue bred
him to the shape of man euen from a shred : This is a Mack-one,^ full of trechery !
^0 the Setradet).
HOUGH wolues against the siluer moon do bark, they blemish rot her brightnes ; nor the spight Of hauling curres — which she disdains to mark —
can any whit eclipse her of her light. So mai'st thou slight the railing of ill tongues, if a cleere shining conscience be thy guard ; "Which to defend thee from the world of wrongs
will, as a wall of brasse, be found as hard. Men are by nature apt to blame, and hate
^ Hie niger est, &c. A. , 66
ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE. 57
such as distaste what they approue as good : If thou dislike to heare a parrat prate,
and tell a'_ tedious tale of Eobin-hood : He'le shoot Detraction's boult against thy brain e,
terming it shallow, barren, poore, and dull ; Because not vented by a windy vaine
empt'ing it selfe to make thy mouth shew fulL But wiser men then he assures them no ;
They are most fooles — say they — that vse most words : ^ That silence argues folly, 'tis not so ;
for Yertue's branches no such fruite affords. Admit a Turke should call thee Infidell ;
wouldst be offended ? or imagine, that One dubbe thee knane, in whose owne heart doth dwell
basenesse enough, to make him wondred at By all that know him ; shall the first perswade thee,
that thy religion knowes more gods then one : Or to denie the sacred power that made thee,
or t'giue His honour to a carudd stone ? Or can the second force thee to confesse.
through his report, thou art so base as he ?
^ Loquacita certissimis fatuitatis argumentum. Eras[mus.] 57
58 ANAIOMIE OF BASENESSK.
If none of these thou wilt, their power's the lesse,
thy worth the more hy their detracting thee. An honest fame— like spice— the more 'tis bruis'd
sauours the sweeter, which when we are dead "Will he the sweetest seare-cloath can be vs'd
to wrap vs in ; it will out-last the lead Wherein that hodie lies, in which did line
a spotted conscience, a detracting spirit ; "Which to it selfe an earthly heauen did gitie,
and of heauen' s ioyes it selfe did disinherite.
^0 the Betractcr*
HINK'ST thou it makes thy reputation faire, if by thy muddy tongue thou can'st
impaire An other man's ? looke how a murtherer can
— whose fatall hand shall kill an other man— Adde to his owne by shortning others dales ; so by detracting others grows thy praise. Perchaiice thou feed'st thy selfe with a conceipt, that euery man that heares thee raile, doth straite Eelieue that all thou sayst is ttue, for that they contradict thee Hot ; I'le tell thee whatj 58
ANATOMFE OF BASENESSE, 59
In my opinion thou shouldst rather feare,
it makes them tremble and amaz'd to heare, How diu'lishly thou second' st what thou sayst
with oaths, and curses ; admit thou maist Light vpon some who —knowing not thy vse — ^
may be perswaded, that from some abuse Offer'd to thee, proceeds thy railing fit ;
Yet all the glory thou enioy'st by it Is, that they'le note thee euer after, for
a creature which all good men should abhorre. Or say, thou shalt some man to some depraue
who know him hotnest ; think' st thou for a knauo They can do lesse then iudge thee ? and beware
thou ray'lst to no one that iuditious are : For they'le soone finde that thou dishonest art,
and therefore know thou tak'st no good man'a part : Whose prayse they iudge is equally the same,
"Where iust men doe applaud, or thou defame. I might haue spar'd my breath in wishing thee
to men of iudgement not to be too free ; For thou art chiefly carefull in this point
to plie his eare whose iudgement' s out of ioynt ; Ey whom as yet was neuer vnderstood
how any cause could, but the first, be good ;
Whose ignorance — I thinke — might argue rather
59
60 ANATOMIE OF BASENESSE.
Th' vicar of fooles will prooue their ghostly father. And as for thee, thou dost resolue I know
thou must die mad, thy braine's distemperd so. Which will he for thy credit when thou'rt dead :
for some will lay the fault vpon thy head, And say thy braiae inforc'd thy tongue to raue :
Better be thought a mad-man then a knaue.
c^iitis.
Qui ducis Yoltus, et non legis ista libenter, Omnibus inuideas liuide, nemo tibi. Mart[ial Ep. 20. I. xli. Paley's edition (1868) pp 12, 13. Freely rendered we may take the couplet thus : "Who readest my Anatomic,
with envious spleen : May he still envy all, and envied be ne'er seen. G.]
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