-NRLF

B M 313

Date

PERSONAL LIBRARY
OF

JOHN WM. GREGG

Value

THE LIBRARY

OF

THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA

Landscape Architecture

GIFT OF

Professor
John Wm0 Gregg

Copyright. 1903
By WILLIAM WARNER HARPER

Ilex crenata
(Japanese Holly

See page z;.

Entrance to Office at Andorra.

GIFT

A the end of the famed Wissahickon drive, the conditions presented
by the Andorra Nurseries do no violence to the portion of Fair-
mount Park which is adjoining. Indeed, the last half-mile of the
most lovely park drive in America is bounded by a part of the Andorra
Nurseries ; and a sharp turn to the left, as one emerges from the shade
by the Wissahickon, leads into a beautiful tree -bordered nursery road.

With the wide extent and varied contour of our Nurseries, and
with the great variety of trees and plants grown, there comes a special
attractiveness. No day in the year is without its own attractions at
Andorra, and during the spring and summer months, every morning
brings something of special beauty in flower or leaf.

The fields of Iris and of Peony are great sheets of brilliant bloom
for many weeks. The surprising display of Mountain Laurel, growing
here most happily, is matched by the gorgeous Rhododendrons, not in
set fields, but in lines and corners which make their colors the more
enjoyable. The beauty of the more delicate hardy perennials is enhanced
by contrast with stately borders of specimen trees and shrubs. One may
see, too, a perfect scale of delicate, deep and rich colors in the ever-
greens, contrasting with the brilliancy of the Japanese Maples.

Andorra needs a visit — many visits — to be appreciated. The visitor
can see suggestive effects ; he can pick out the actual trees and plants
he likes, and have them reserved for him. By all means, then, visit
Andorra, and see nurseries not paralleled anywhere.

The Andorra Nurseries can be reached by either the Philadelphia &
Reading or Pennsylvania railroads to Chestnut Hill station, and from
there by the Chestnut Hill (City Line) Trolley to the city line, from
where it is only three minutes' walk to the Nursery.

The descriptions in this Catalogue have been made with care, to
fairly represent the great stock from which they are written. We have
kept nothing unworthy. As the stock varies constantly, prices are not
here included ; they may be found on a separate list.

731

1RRA
'ChestmttJUU", 'Philadelp^^

OUR STOCK

In view of the special class of trees and shrubs we handle, it is possibly
well for us to say a word about them. Ever since the establishment of
these Nurseries it has been our practice to grow a stock of thoroughly fine
trees and shrubs to a large size, so well rooted and prepared for trans-
planting that it is possible for our customers to secure trees and shrubs
to give immediate effects, and not be obliged to wait several years for
stock to make a showing, as is the case with ordinary nursery trees.

To attain this object it has been necessary, not only to practice
careful cultivation, but to allow the amount of space necessary for each
tree or shrub in order that it might become a perfect specimen of its
kind. With this in view, our plantations are laid out with wide rows, and
when the small plants are set out from the seed- and cutting -beds, they are
placed far enough apart to develop without interfering with the growth of
their neighbors, and when they are again regularly transplanted, the same
point of "plenty of room" is carefully considered. We take pride in the
fact that here at Andorra trees and shrubs are given more individual space
than at any other nursery in this country, and we are able to dig specimen
trees without in any way interfering with others in the rows. This enables
us to get the entire root system of the tree or shrub, and accounts for
the successful growth of our stock after transplanting to the destined
positions.

SHIPMENTS

Our shipments are packed under personal supervision, and our system
is so arranged that all orders are cross-checked, not only to avoid possible
errors but to eliminate the chance of a plant which may not be in thor-
oughly first-class condition leaving the place. We are often asked how large
a tree we can ship. Every day during our busy season we are handling
material up to 30 feet in height, and as much as 6 to 7 inches in diameter.
When trees are too large for our ordinary packages, in bales and cases, we
ship by car-load, and frequently use gondola cars and build them up. For
large quantities this is by all means the most economical and best method
of packing. We build the four sides of the car, board by board, as the
stock is loaded, and when finished and roofed in we have practically a large
box 40 feet in length, 10 feet in width and 8 to 9 feet in depth. In this
way it is possible to avoid all chance of broken branches or of having the
trunks and limbs barked by forcing them into the ordinary box cars.

Evergreens are always given special attention, and, when necessary,
the roots are carefully burlaped. Owing to our careful system of packing
we can ship even car-loads to the Pacific coast in perfect condition.

PLANTING SUGGESTIONS

ON ARRIVAL, the bales or cases should at once be opened, and if the
material cannot be promptly planted it should be "heeled -in." To do this,
dig a trench from I /^ to 2 feet in depth and of sufficient width to accom-
modate the roots without bending them. In this trench set the trees
close together, cover the roots with soil, mounding it up along the line of
the trench, so that it will turn off the water in case of heavy rains. This
is of special importance where trees must remain heeled -in any length of
time. If the trees can be planted at once, the most important point is the
preparation of the hole; this should be dug at least one foot wider than
the spread of the roots of the tree to be set, and in good soil should be
from 15 to 24 inches in depth, unless for a very large specimen, when it
should be proportionately deeper. In case the soil is not good, a much
larger hole should be excavated and filled with good soil. Should the
planting space be in a clayey soil, the bottom of the hole should be loosened
up; If possible, dig entirely through the clay. If not, dig deep enough to
fill in with stone or some loose material that will insure drainage.

WHEN SETTING THE TREE, take care that all broken portions of roots
are cut off in a clean, careful manner; then set the tree, spreading the roots
in a natural position, taking care that the small fibers are not twisted or
crowded. Fill in with good, fine soil, which should be worked carefully
under the roots so that no spaces remain unfilled. Be careful not to plant
too deep. The tree will generally show by the soil -mark on its bark the
depth at which it stood in the nursery, and it should not be set more
than 2 or 3 inches deeper. As the soil is filled in by layers, it should
be carefully trampled until quite firm, and when the hole is filled within
an inch or two of the top, the last of the soil should be spread without
trampling.

KIND OF SOIL. — We are frequently asked what kind of soil to use and
with what to enrich it. Just here we would emphasize the fact that too
much care cannot be taken with the preparation of the hole for planting.
It is absolutely necessary that the tree be given a quantity of good soil if
one would attain satisfactory results. The very best soil obtainable is that
from an old meadow where the rich top-soil and sod can be stripped and
thrown together. It is always advisable, where much planting is done, to
have a compost heap prepared the season previous by putting soil and
manure in alternate layers, and have the pile turned two or three times.
When either of these kinds of soil is not possible, old thoroughly rotted
manure can be mixed with the soil for planting; but in no case should
fresh manure or patent fertilizers be used.

AFTER PLANTING. — As soon as the hole is filled and the tree has been
properly and firmly set, spread over the surface a layer 4 or 5 inches thick
of either old or fresh manure ; this layer should extend a foot or two
beyond the line of the newly filled hole, and this mulching is important, as
it will help to hold moisture; and moisture is, after careful planting, the
most important aid to insure success. It should be borne in mind that
when a tree is transplanted, no matter how carefully the work is done,
it is impossible to take up the entire root system, and therefore before it
is able to care for itself it must form new roots, which must take hold
of the soil. In the meantime, by the action of the wind and sun, the
moisture is being continually evaporated from the trunk and branches,
and this must be balanced by an artificial supply. During dry spells and
hot weather of the following season, the soil around the base of the tree,
for a space wider than the original hole, should be frequently watered,
but not so as to make the ground soggy. When possible the foliage
should be sprayed.

PRUNING

As it is impossible to transplant a tree without affecting the root
system, it is important, in order to balance the supply and to help avoid
excessive evaporation, that the top of the tree should be cut back. The
amount of cutting depends entirely on the amount of fibrous root carried
by the tree, although hard -wooded varieties usually require harder cutting
than soft woods. It is a good rule to remove about three -fourths of last
year's growth from all the branches; and in doing this use a sharp knife,
making a perfectly clean cut, and taking off the branch or part of branch
either at a fork or close to a strong bud. Be very careful not to leave
stumps, as they invariably die back and create decay. The best time for
pruning is when the trees are set out, and if they are large it will be found
advisable to cut them before they are planted; but in every case be careful
to preserve the natural form of the tree, and do not cut back into old
heavy wood that does not show buds. SHRUBBERY pruning should be
done with a knife, not with hedge shears, and as a rule just after the
plants have flowered; but in some cases this would prevent the showy fruits
and seeds in the autumn. It is almost impossible to give general directions
for pruning shrubbery that will apply to all.

The whole subject of successful planting may be briefly summed up
as follows: A well -drained hole larger than the spread of the roots; good
soil, broken roots carefully trimmed and the top branches shortened in;
soil packed so that the tree stands quite firm, a heavy mulching as soon as
the planting is completed, and careful watering during the first season.

No. i, Cedrus Deodara. See page 10.

No. 2, Specimen Picea pungens glauca at Andorra. See page 14.

No. i, Ilex opaca. dee page n. No. 2, Abies concolor. See page 9.

A CLASS of indispensable trees for parks, private and public grounds, pos-
sessing varied characteristics of habit of growth, form and coloring of
foliage, and adapted to a variety of soils. They are particularly valuable for
ornamental planting, since they are always objects of beauty, summer and winter
alike, giving special charm to our landscape when deciduous trees are leafless.
We pay particular attention to the cultivation of these trees, and grow them a
good distance apart in order to form perfect specimens. All have been regu-
larly and carefully transplanted, and have an abundance of roots, thus insuring
satisfactory removal.

ABBREVIATIONS

Denoting size: L, large; M, medium; S, small; £>, dwarf; FD, very dwarf.
Denoting rapidity of growth: r, rapid; m, medium; s, slow; T, vigorous.

ABIES. Fir (See, also, Picea)

A class of rapid-growing evergreens of extreme hardiness, and thriving in
exposed situations. They are of great decorative value, but need plenty of space
for their best development.

A. balsamea. Balsam Fir. (L r) A slender, pyramidal tree of rapid
growth, extremely hardy, and well adapted to grow in boggy land where
few evergreens will thrive. Foliage dark green, silvery beneath.

A. Canadensis. See Tsuga Canadensis (Hemlock).

A. cephalonica; syn. lasiocarpa. Cephalonian Fir. (Mm) A hand-
some variety from Greece. Form broad and pyramidal, resembling A.
Nordmanr^ana; foliage dark green. Makes a good specimen.

A. concolor. White Fir. (Lm) A choice Colorado species, with long,
broad foliage, very glaucous when young, and becoming pale green with
age; color nearly as bright as the Blue Spruce. A choice lawn tree. (See
plate on page 8.)

A. Fraseri. Double Balsam Fir. (L r) Similar in appearance and habit
to A. balsamea, but richer and more lasting.

A. nobilis, var. glauca. Noble Silver Fir. (Lm) A magnificent tree,
with regular, horizontal spreading branches ; foliage of pleasing silvery blue,
the young growth contrasting well with the deeper shades of the older.

A. Nordmanniana. Nordmann's Fir. (Lm) A beautiful vigorous tree
from the Crimean mountains. Its dark green foliage, silvery beneath, makes
it the richest of evergreens. It is a good grower and forms a noble speci-
men, contrasting well with the lighter colors of evergreens.

A. pectinata. European Silver Fir. (Mr) A rapid grower of pyramidal
form ; foliage glossy dark green, lighter beneath. A good tree for the lawn.

9

W^R.4 _

'the^tnutJliir, ''Philadelphia

BIOTA. Chinese Arborvitae

The Chinese Arborvitaes thrive in almost any soil, and will stand a great
deal of heat. They are, therefore, useful for planting in positions where they
must endure much sun during the winter months, as they will not brown as
quickly as the other evergreens.

B. orientalis. Oriental Arborvitae. (Mm) Pyramidal bush, densely
clothed with fresh green foliage ; very hardy.

B. orientalis, var. aurea. Golden Chinese Arborvitae. (Sm) Conical
in form ; medium size ; bright golden green foliage.

B. orientalis, var. compacta. Compact Chinese Arborvitae. (JVD s) A
dwarf form, very compact and columnar; fresh green foliage. Valuable for
garden work where a fastigiate form is required.

B. orientalis, var. elegantissima. Rollinson's Golden Arborvitae. (Sm)
Medium size; upright, pyramidal form; foliage tipped with yellow, giving
it a bright golden color, which turns bronze in winter. A rich and elegant
variety.

B. orientalis, var. filiformis; syn., Japonicum. Thread - Branched
Arborvitae. (D s) Bushy form, with long, slender, drooping branches and
light green foliage. Hardy and rare.

B. orientalis, var. semper-aurescens. Ever-Golden Arborvitae. (VD s)

Of dense form, coloring well, and retaining its golden shading throughout
the year.

CEDRUS. Cedar

A class of trees that should be more widely planted, as they are among the
handsomest evergreens, and, while some of them may not be hardy in all positions,
it is always possible to select a sheltered location in which they will prove highly
satisfactory.

C. Atlantica. Mt. Atlas Cedar. (M v) Pyramidal, open and airy form.

Light silvery foliage, shorter and denser than that of the Cedar of Lebanon,
and very thick on upper side of branches. A vigorous and valuable tree.

C. Atlantica, var. glauca. Mt. Atlas Silver Cedar. (M v) Similar to
C. Atlantica, except that the foliage is a decided and beautiful silvery blue.

C. Deodara. Deodar, or Indian Cedar. (Mm) Pyramidal form ; branches
graceful and drooping; light foliage, of a silvery glaucous green. A beau-
tiful, vigorous tree. Not entirely hardy north of Philadelphia. (See plate
on page 7.)

C. Libani. Cedar of Lebanon. (M v) A vigorous grower, with wide,
spreading, horizontal branches ; foliage dark green, massive and picturesque.
Somewhat tender when young, but makes a grand specimen.

CEPHALOTAXUS. Yew

C. Fortunei. Fortune's Yew. (S s) Of rounded, bushy form; long,
slender, drooping branches, with broad, dark green foliage. Fruit oblong,
fleshy, of dark purplish brown color.

10

CRYPTOMERIA

C. Japonica. (Mm) A Japanese evergreen. Of pyramidal form ; foliage of
a light green, set closely along the branches. Hardy here, and a variety that
should be more widely planted.

CUPRESSUS. Cypress

These are extremely graceful trees, thriving best in a rich, well-drained soil,
and in a position where they will not be exposed to the full force of the winter sun.

C. Lawsoniana. Lawson's Cypress. (Lm) A California tree, tall and
graceful, its slender pendulous branches when young are clothed with close,
delicate grayish green foliage. Not entirely hardy, except on high dry ground.
A beautiful evergreen.

C. Lawsoniana, var. albo-spica. White-tipped Cypress. (Mm) Re-
sembles the type, but its foliage is spotted with creamy white.

C. Lawsoniana, var. erecta viridis. (L v) A distinct and beautiful sort
of fastigiate habit. Foliage of lighter green than the type.

C. Lawsoniana, var. lutea. Golden Cypress. (Ss) No golden ever-
green equals this beautiful tree in intensity and persistency of color ; compact
habit and elegant, graceful foliage.

ILEX. Holly

I. opaca. American Holly. (Ms) Our well-known native, branches of
which are much used during the Christmas season. Mostly of a shrubby
form in cultivation, but sometimes of good size. A tree with short, spreading
branches, forming a narrow pyramidal head ; oval leaves, dull green above
and yellowish green beneath ; fruit scarlet. Hard to transplant unless it has
been properly prepared in the nursery. Ours are moved and pruned fre-
quently, and can be transplanted with safety. (See plate on page 8.)

JUNIPERUS. Juniper

A class of useful evergreens comprising varieties with a great diversity of foli-
age, some of the colorings being extremely pretty. They are well adapted for
formal work and for planting in rocky, hilly situations.

J. Canadensis. Canadian Juniper. (VD s) A spreading tree of bushy
form; foliage pale green, with silvery tint. Valuable for rock- and hillside
work.

J. Canadensis, var. aurea; syn., Douglasi. Golden Canadian Juniper.
(VD s) A golden form of the above. Bright yellow on its new growth,
changing deeper, and to bronzy yellow in winter. A valuable dwarf sort.

J. Canadensis, var. prostrata ; syn., repens. Trailing Juniper. (VD s)
A prostrate creeping shrub, somewhat resembling /. Canadensis in foliage, but
more purplish, and in winter a deeper tinge of bronze. It also grows much
closer to the ground and is very spreading; valuable for rockwork and banks.

J. Chinensis. Chinese Juniper. (Ms) A tree of dense, pyramidal habit;
foliage of a pretty deep green.

11

JUNIPERUS, continued

J. Chinensis, var. aurea. Golden Chinese Juniper. (Ss) Similar in
form and habit to the above, but of a bright golden color ; the younger growth
being quite brilliant, and the color is constant.

J. communis. Common Juniper. (Mm) A tree of dense, fastigiate
form. Foliage grayish green. Useful in formal work.

J. communis, var. Hibernica. Irish Juniper. (Mm) Of close, fastigiate
form, densely foliaged in glaucous green. Does best in well-drained soils.
Useful in formal work.

J. communis, var. Suecica. Swedish Juniper. (Mm) Not as fastigiate
as the Irish, but useful where columnar effects are required. Foliage sharp,
color glaucous green.

J. excelsa, var. stricta variegata. (Ms) A good grower of conical form.
Densely branched and foliaged with grayish green, interspersed with branchlets
of creamy white. Holds color equally well the entire year. A valuable
variety; rare.

J. recurva; syn., repanda. Recurved Juniper. (Dm) A graceful,
handsome plant with spreading, recurving branches ; leaves grayish or glaucous
green, with white band above. Grows best in a cool soil.

J. recurva, var. squamata. Scaly-Leaved Juniper. (F d) A very hardy
and prostrate form, with long, trailing branches ; foliage glaucous or bluish
green ; useful on banks and for rockwork.

J. Sabina. Savin Juniper. (FD s) A low, bushy, spreading tree,
thickly branched. Foliage deep dark green ; valuable for rockwork.

J. Sabina, var. aurea variegata. Savin's Golden Juniper. (FD s) A
form in habit similar to Sabina, and distinctly and beautifully marked with
golden yellow.

J. Sabina, var. procumbens. Prostrate Savin Juniper. (VD s) A pros-
trate, trailing shrub ; branches close to the ground and very spreading.
Foliage deep dark green. Useful for rockwork and light soils.

J. Sabina, var. tamariscifolia. Tamarisk -Leaved Juniper. (VD m) A
very low-growing, densely branched variety of neat habit. The foliage is a
brighter green than the type. Excellent for banks or rockwork.

J. Virginiana. Red, or Virginia Cedar. (Mm) A native tree of con-
ical form ; densely branched and thickly foliaged in deep, rich green. Bark
on trunk and branches reddish brown. Note the following desirable forms:

J. Virginiana, var. glauca. Blue Virginia Cedar. (Mm) In growth
similar to J. Virginiana, but foliage is a rich silvery blue. Keeps color well
through the entire year. One of the finest blue trees. Our stock is large
and every tree well rooted.

J. Virginiana, var. Kpsteri. Spreading Virginia Cedar. (VD s) A very
spreading form of Virginia Cedar. Valuable for rockwork or hillside planting.

J. Virginiana, var. Leei elegantissima. Golden Virginia Cedar. (Mm)
The bright golden color of the young growth makes this an extremely attractive
tree, and one that holds its charm, as autumn and winter months find the color
enriched to bronzy golden shades. A good grower.

12

JUNIPERUS, continued

J. Virginiana, var. pendula. Weeping Virginia Cedar. (Sm) A variety
of pronounced weeping habit ; the branches are long and very pendulous at
the ends, giving the tree a willowy aspect not obtained by any other evergreen.

J. Virginiana, var. plumosa argentea. (Ss) A bushy -growing sort,
very densely branched and foliaged. Color bluish gray and green ; leaves
resemble Retinospora sguarrosa.

J. Virginiana, var. Schotti. Schott's Cedar. (Mm) A dense but good-
growing form; foliage rich green.

J. Virginiana, var. tripartita. (Ms) Another desirable form of Vir-
giniana. The foliage resembles the Tamarix Juniper.

PICEA. Spruce

The most largely planted class of evergreens, and thoroughly satisfactory in
any position, and in any except a wet soil. They make grand specimens, excellent
wind-breaks and exceptionally good hedges.

P. alba. White Spruce. (Lm) One of the shapeliest Spruces in culti-
vation. Foliage silvery blue ; growth compact and pyramidal. A native tree
of great merit ; useful for mixed plantings or as specimens.

P. alba, var. ccerulea. (Mm) A more open-growing sort than P. alha;
foliage an attractive bluish green.

P. Alcockiana. Alcock's Spruce. (Ms) A pyramidal tree, with dark
green foliage, glaucous beneath. While quite young produces cones which
add to its effectiveness.

P. Engelmanni. Engelmann's Spruce. (L m) Closely resembles P.
pungens. Form pyramidal; growth compact; foliage bluish, but softer than
that of P. pungens. Desirable for ornamental planting.

P. excelsa. Norway Spruce. (L r) A well-known variety of great
hardiness. Form pyramidal ; foliage dark green, feathery and graceful. Val-
uable for specimens, groups or hedges. Stands close shearing.

P. excelsa, var. aurea. Golden Norway Spruce. (L m) A form of
Norway Spruce in which all the foliage is tipped with golden yellow. Par-
ticularly showy on the new growth.

P. excelsa, var. Ellwangeriana. Ellwanger's Spruce. (VD s) A very
dwarf variety. Foliage resembles P. excelsa.

P. excelsa, var. Gregoryana. Gregory's Spruce. (D s} A dense-grow-
ing tree, of conical form. Useful for evergreen beds.

P. excelsa, var. inverta. Weeping Norway Spruce. (S s} A pendulous
variety. Foliage rather larger than that of the species. Desirable as a novelty
and useful in many ornamental plantings, owing to its unique habit.

P. excelsa, var. Maxwelli. Maxwell's Spruce. (Ds) A dense, spheri-
cal, regular-growing variety. Useful for evergreen beds and low plantings.

P. excelsa, var. Remonti. Remont's Spruce. (VD s) A very dwarf va-
riety. Form conical and compact ; foliage dark green. Useful for evergreen
beds and borders.

13

ANDORRA JVUR}§EiqE3--
Chestnutttll, 'Philadelphia

PICEA, continued

P. nigra. Black Spruce. (L r) A native variety of pyramidal form, not
unlike P. excelsa. Foliage light green. Suitable for light, dry soil, and does
well in the northern states.

P. orientalis. Eastern Spruce. (L v) Perfectly hardy; form pyramidal;
foliage dark green, much richer than the Norway Spruce, though resembling it
somewhat. One of the best evergreens ; valuable for group or specimen
planting. Should be in every collection.

P. orientalis, var. gracilis. Graceful Eastern Spruce. (VD s) A variety
dwarfer than Remonti. Form conical and compact ; foliage dark green and
very small.

P. pinsapo. Spanish Fir. (Ms) One of the most interesting of rare
conifers. A good grower; form pyramidal; foliage light green ; leaves sharp
and stiff, being set entirely around the branches.

P. pungens. Colorado Spruce. (L r) A noble tree from the Rocky
Mountains. Hardy in any exposure ; a good grower ; branches stiff and
close ; foliage light green. A valuable lawn tree.

P. pungens, var. glauca. Blue Colorado Spruce. (L r) A form of

P. pungens with the same general character, but foliage of an exceedingly rich
silvery blue. One of the most valuable trees for ornamental planting, giving
a very distinct color note in any situation. (See plate on page 7.)

P. pungens, var. Kosteriana. Koster's Blue Spruce. (L r) A form of
P. pungens. Foliage steel-blue; color quite uniform, as they have been propa-
gated by grafting.

P. pungens, var. glauca pendula. Weeping Blue Spruce. (M v) A
tree of great merit, combining with all the desirable features of the Blue
Spruce a distinct weeping habit. Rare and interesting.

•

PINUS. Pine

Included under this genus are many of our noblest forest and ornamental
trees, suitable for all soils and situations ; they are, however, rather impatient of
stagnant moisture, and generally succeed best on good, well-drained land. We
have been careful to mention only those species and varieties which are known to
be perfectly hardy in this climate. As all our trees have been frequently transplanted
and are well furnished with roots, satisfactory removal is assured.

P. Austriaca. Austrian Pine. (L r) Rounded form; vigorous growth;
glossy dark green leaves. One of the most important for specimen or mass
planting, and exceptionally good for windy exposures and as a shelter to pro-
tect less hardy varieties. It is also a good tree near the seacoast. (See plate
on page 17.)

P. Cembra. Swiss Stone Pine. (Ss) A perfectly erect form, regularly
branched from ground to top, forming a handsome conical tree. Long foliage
of silvery green. (See plate on page 17.)

P. excelsa. Bhotan Pine. (L r) A noble tree. In general it resembles
the White Pine, but its longer, more silvery leaves are pendulous and grace-
ful. It is not particular as to soil or situation, but requires space for proper
development. Makes a grand specimen.

14

PINUS, continued

P. monticola. Mountain White Pine. (L m) A handsome tree of pyram-
idal form, with slender, somewhat pendulous branches. The foliage is bluish
green, and the whole aspect of the tree is that of a slender White Pine.

P. Mughus. Dwarf Mountain Pine. (Ds) A low, broad, spreading
tree ; really more of a bush. Foliage deep green, leaves short, branches
dense. A valuable sort for rocky and hillside planting. (See plate on page 18.)

P. ponderosa. Bull Pine. (Lr) Bark reddish; foliage dark green;

larger and coarser than that of the Red Pine.

P. resinosa. Red Pine. (L r) A beautiful form. Bark reddish brown ;
growth dense ; foliage long and of a light green.

P. rigida. Pitch Pine. (Lr) A pyramidal tree forming an open, irregu-
lar head. The branches are spreading, branchlets light brown and foliage
dark green. A good sort for poor or thin soils and rocky slopes.

P. Strobus. White Pine. (Lr) One of the most stately, beautiful and
valuable of our native evergreens. Tall and straight, with slender glaucous
foliage somewhat tufted at the ends of the branches. An extremely graceful
tree. (See plate on page 18.)

P. sylvestris. Scotch Pine. (L r) A luxuriant grower in most any soil;
forming a broad pyramidal tree of dense growth. Foliage of a pleasing bluish
green. Good for temporary planting on the seashore.

P. Thunbergi. Japanese Black Pine. (Lm) A handsome, hardy species
forming a broad, pyramidal head. The spreading branches are somewhat
pendulous and clothed with bright green foliage.

PODOCARPUS. Yew

P. Japonica. Japanese Yew. (Ss) An upright, shrubby tree of luxuriant
growth, resembling the Irish Yew, but of more open habit and larger foliage,
which is long and of a shining dark green. A valuable variety.

P. Koraiana. Korean Yew. (S s) A larger, more upright -growing sort
than the foregoing ; heavy, deep green foliage.

PSEUDOTSUGA

P. Douglasii. Douglas' Spruce. (L r) A Colorado tree of great beauty,
with soft, large, dark green foliage, sometimes glaucous, giving the tree a beau-
tiful effect.

RETINOSPORA. Japan Cypress

These are all handsome, neat-growing evergreens, the several varieties assum-
ing very distinct colors and habit. They are very useful for decoration in winter
and for window boxes or pots. As miniature trees they are unequaled. The
exquisite shadings of yellow, white and green, lasting all the year round in a group
of this sort, are a constant source of pleasure ; and these lovely colors are particu-
larly conspicuous and agreeable in the winter.

R. ericoides. Heath-like Japan Cypress. (Sf) Regular, conical bush,
desirable for contrast from its violet-red color in winter.

15

RETINOSPORA, continued

R. filicoides. Fern-like Japan Cypress. (Ss) Bright green, pointed
foliage, very dense and exquisitely fern-like.

R. filifera. Thread -branched Japan Cypress. (Mm) A tree of very
elegant appearance, with bright green foliage. It is pyramidal in outline and
particularly graceful on account of the ends of its shoots drooping in long fila-
ments, some of which are tessellated.

R. filifera, var. argentea. Silver-tipped Japan Cypress. (Ss) In this
form the bright green foliage is mottled with creamy white. Very distinct.

R. filifera, var. aurea. Golden Thread-branched Japan Cypress. (Ss)
A form of R. filifera, of a bright golden color ; a dwarfer grower. Valuable.

R. filifera, var. aurea variegata. Golden Thread -branched Japan Cypress.
(D s) A good form, in which the foliage is mottled with golden yellow, and
shows in strong contrast to the deep green foliage.

R. leptoclada. Thuja-like Japan Cypress. (Mm) Of compact, pyram-
idal form, with closely set, spreading branches and feathery branchlets. Foli-
age glaucous green, silvery below. A beautiful, ornamental tree.

R. lycopodioides. Club Moss Japan Cypress. (S s) A unique specimen.
Foliage is deep green and closely resembles lycopodium. Rare and very fine.

R. obtusa. Obtuse -leaved Japan Cypress. (L r) The strongest grower
of the family, and a handsome specimen. The color is a clear, pretty green ;
foliage fern-like ; habit drooping and graceful. This form cannot be over-
valued for any ornamental use.

R. obtusa, var. compacta. Compact Obtuse -leaved Japan Cypress.
(£> s) A very tidy grower, of bushy form; more compact than the variety
R. obtusa graciln. Good in form, foliage and color. A dwarf grower, but
one of the best.

R. obtusa, var. gracilis. Graceful Obtuse-leaved Japan Cypress. (Ds)
Decidedly one of the best bushy evergreens. Like R. obtusa, its foliage is
fine, color good, habit graceful, but it makes a compact bush and holds form
without shearing. Should be in every collection.

R. obtusa, var. nana. Dwarf Obtuse -leaved Japan Cypress. (VD s) The
dwarfest of the Retinosporas, but one of the best where a dwarf tree is desired.
Of bushy growth, with very dense, short foliage of an extremely dark green.
A rich and pretty variety. This variety and its golden form can be used to
good advantage in Japanese pots or jardinieres.

R. obtusa, var. nana aurea. Dwarf Golden Obtuse -leaved Japan Cypress.
(FD s) A form of a rich golden color. A deeper shade than almost any
golden evergreen, both old and new growth being of a full rich yellow.

R. pisifera. Pea -fruited Japan Cypress. (L r) A more open grower
than R. obtusa. The form is upright, branches long and somewhat pendulous
at the ends ; foliage light green, glaucous beneath and very feathery. A dis-
tinct and beautiful variety.

R. pisifera, var. aurea. Golden Pea -fruited Japan Cypress. (L r)
Characteristics same as R. pisifera, but of a bright golden yellow color. The
new growth is extremely bright. A popular sort.

16

No. i, Pinus Cembra. No. 2, Pinus Austriaca. See page 14.

No. i, Pinus Mughus. See page 15. No. 2, Pinus Strobus. See page 15.

RETINOSPORA, continued

R. plumosa. Plume-like Japan Cypress. (Lm) One of the best
known and most widely planted of the species. A medium grower ; heavily
branched ; foliage light green, glaucous beneath. Stands shearing well, and
is useful for bedding, specimens or hedges.

R. plumosa, var. albo-spica. Silver-mottled Japan Cypress. (Mm)
In form and growth like R. plumosa, but foliage is marked with creamy-white.

R. plumosa, var. argentea. Silver-tipped Japan Cypress. (Mm)
Ends of all branches are silver-tipped. A variety of merit.

R. plumosa, var. aurea. Golden Japan Cypress. (Lm) A golden form,
in which the color of new growth contrasts strongly with the deeper shade of
the older foliage. As a specimen, for bedding or for dwarf hedges, it is most
desirable.

R. squarrosa. Squarrose- leaved Japan Cypress. (Mm) One of the
choicest lawn trees ; of dense growth ; the silvery blue foliage is arranged in
spirals and is soft and beautiful. The whole plant is extremely graceful.

SCIADOPITYS

S. verticillata. Umbrella Pine. (Lm) Very slow growth while young,
eventually large size; dark green, shining foliage arranged in whorls of
umbrella-like tufts on horizontal branches. Perhaps the most remarkable and
beautiful conifer brought from Japan.

TAXUS. Yew

These are choice, hardy, dwarf, and mostly bushy-growing evergreens ; very
useful in connection with formal architectural work and formal gardens. They arc
also well adapted for planting in evergreen beds around buildings. The foliage of
all the varieties is very attractive, and they thrive well in almost any soil.

T. baccata. English Yew. (Sm) A dense - growing tree, thickly
branched ; with dark green foliage and bright scarlet berries. It stands shear-
ing readily, and, though not perfectly hardy in the North, is a useful and
desirable tree.

T. baccata, var. adpressa. (D v) A low, spreading, densely branched
form, with dark glossy green foliage.

T. baccata, var. aurea. Golden English Yew. (Ss) A form with rich
golden foliage.

T. baccata, var. elegantissima. Elegant English Yew. (Sm) A rich
colored form of T. baccata. Foliage is light yellow, darkening in the fall
months. Very effective.

T. baccata, var. erecta. Erect English Yew. (Sm) An upright form
of T. baccata, of stiffer growth and smaller foliage. Useful in many situations
where 7". baccata is too spreading.

T. baccata, var. erecta aurea. Erect Golden English Yew. (Sm) A
form of T. baccata erecta whose foliage is of a bright golden color. A good
grower.

19

TAXUS, continued

T. baccata, var. fastigiata. Irish Yew. (Ss) One of the most useful of
slow-growing evergreens. Of very close, upright growth ; foliage long, black-
ish green and glossy ; berries red. Invaluable for any collection.

T. baccata, var. fastigiata aurea. Golden Irish Yew. (S s) Similar to
the foregoing in habit, but the leaves are margined with rich golden yellow.

T. baccata, var. fruticosa lutea. Yellow -fruited English Yew. (Sm)
Similar to T. baccata in form and foliage, but with yellow berries.

T. baccata, var. repandens. Spreading English Yew. (Ds) A form of
low, spreading habit, rarely growing over 4 feet high. The dark green foliage
is long and luxuriant. Extra hardy.

T. baccata, var. Washington! aurea. Washington Golden Yew. (Ds}
A strong-growing, dense, bushy sort ; foliage golden yellow.

T. Canadensis. Canadian Yew. (D v) A broad -spreading Yew, of
bushy form, with brown bark, pretty dark green foliage, sometimes bronzing
in winter, and carries showy deep crimson berries. Extra hardy. Valuable
where a dwarf form is needed, and will thrive in damp situations.

T. Canadensis, var. aurea. Golden Canadian Yew. (D v) A form
of T. Canadensis with golden foliage.

T. cuspidata. Abrupt -leaved Japan Yew. (S m) A dense -growing
tree of somewhat upright form. Foliage deep green. Extra hardy and
desirable.

T. cuspidata, var. elegantissima. Golden, Elegant, Abrupt -leaved
Japan Yew. (S m) A variety with good foliage of deep golden yellow.

THUJOPSIS. Cypress

These are beautiful ornamental trees, thickly foliaged and of great ornamental
value. Their absolute hardiness and the ease with which they can be transplanted
make them very desirable.

T. borealis ; syn., Cupressus Nutkaensis. Yellow, or Sitka Cypress.
(L r) A vigorous, erect grower, regularly furnished with spreading, curved
branches and flexible branchlets which droop at the tips. Foliage a silvery
glaucous green. Makes a splendid specimen.

T. borealis, var. latifolia glauca. Glaucous Sitka Cypress. (L r) Of
more pyramidal growth and brighter foliage ; magnificent as a specimen.

T. borealis, var. pendula. Drooping Sitka Cypress. (M v) A form of
somewhat more pendulous habit than the type.

T. dolobrata. (Mv) A pyramidal grower; branches somewhat pendu-
lous at the ends and branchlets irregularly whorled or scattered ; flattened
foliage of glossy green above and marked by glaucous band beneath.

T. dolobrata argentea variegata. (Ss) A form of the above in which
the foliage is variegated with white.

T. Standishi. Standish's Sitka Cypress. (Ms) A pyramidal grower;
branches rather more pendulous than T. dolobrata; foliage less glaucous be-
neath and a light green above. A good variety.

20

THUYA. Arborvitse

One of the most useful of all evergreens, and very widely planted. The
forms differ in habit of growth and color of foliage, but they are equally good
growers, transplant well and thrive in most soils. In addition to this they are
extremely hardy. As a class they cannot be too highly recommended.

T. occidentalis. American Arborvitae. (Mr) Our well-known native
cedar ; pyramidal growth, thick foliage ; a useful sort for specimens, and, as it
permits severe pruning, makes an excellent hedge. Extremely hardy, trans-
plants easily, and will grow in wet soils.

T. occidentalis, var. aurea. George Peabody's Arborvitae. (Mr)
Similar inform to T. occidentalis; foliage of a clear, lasting golden yellow.
One of the best golden evergreens.

T. occidentalis, var. compacta. Compact Arborvitae. (FD s) A dense-
growing, globular form ; foliage light grayish green.

T. occidentalis, var. ericoides. Heath-leaved Arborvitae. (D s) A
bushy form with soft, small grayish green foliage, much resembling Retinospora
ericoides. Distinct from other Arborvitaes.

T. occidentalis, var. filifolia. Fern-like Arborvitae. (Mm) A form
with crested foliage.

T. occidentalis, var. globosa. Globe Arborvitae. (FD s) A globe-
shaped sort ; good light green foliage.

T. occidentalis, var. Hoveyi. Hovey's Golden Arborvitae. (D s) A
dense, conical bush with light, golden green foliage.

T. occidentalis, var. Little Gem. Douglas' Arborvitae. (FD s) A very
dense-growing variety, globe-shaped. Foliage a beautiful dark green.

T. occidentalis, var. Lobbi. Lobb's Arborvitae. (M v) One of the
most distinct of American evergreens. The foliage is of a rich bright glossy
green color, which is retained throughout the year. The habit of the tree is
graceful and elegant.

T. occidentalis, var. pyramidalis. Pyramidal Arborvitae. (Mr) The
most fastigiate of Arborvitaes. A compact grower, with dense branches and
thick, dark green foliage. A rich and unusually attractive variety ; very useful
where columnar effects are desired.

T. occidentalis, var. Queen Victoria. Silver-tipped Arborvitae. (Mm)
A tall, pyramidal grower. The edges of the foliage are tipped with white.

T. occidentalis, var. Sibirica. See Wareana.

T. occidentalis, var. Tom Thumb. (FD s) A variety of remarkably
slow, compact growth and symmetrical habit.

T. occidentalis Vervaeneana. Vervaene's Arborvitae. (Sm) Of smaller,
denser habit than the type. Branchlets slender, with handsome foliage varie-
gated with yellow, in winter sometimes bronze.

T. occidentalis Wareana. Siberian Arborvitae. (M v) A pyramidal
tree, lower and denser than the type, with stouter branchlets ; heavy foliage of
bright grayish green. Extremely hardy and useful.

21

TSUGA. Hemlock

Of all evergreen species none surpass the Hemlocks. Their absolute hardi-
ness, rapidity of growth, good transplanting qualities, together with their beautiful
forms and fine foliage, have made them general favorites in all sections.

T. Canadensis. Hemlock. (L r) One of our finest native evergreens, so
well known as to need little description. Form pyramidal ; branches some-
what pendulous and delicate ; the dark green foliage light, yet tufted. Valu-
able for specimens, mass planting and hedges.

T. Canadensis, var. gracilis. Graceful Hemlock. (S s) A slender form
of Hemlock, with much smaller foliage than T. Canadensis.

T. Canadensis, var. Sargenti pendula. Weeping Hemlock. (Ss) A
beautiful variety of distinct weeping habit, making a low, broad specimen.
Very desirable.

T. Caroliniana. Southern Hemlock. (L r) Of distinct pyramidal growth,
with dense, dark green foliage.

T. Hookeriana. Alpine Hemlock. (Mm) A beautiful variety, native
of the northwest. Form conical ; branches long, somewhat pendulous ; foli-
age dense, of a rich bluish green, that of some specimens coloring as well as
that of the Blue Spruce. A valuable addition to ornamental evergreens.
(See plate on page 23.)

MEMORANDA

22

T?uga Hookeriana. See page 22.

This specimen was sent out from Andorra in 1892; photographed in 1902.

Spray of Leucothoe Catesbaei. See page 28.

Azalea amoena. See page 25.

THESE are dwarf flowering and foliage plants which hold their foliage all
the year. They are indispensable for garden and lawn planting, and
useful for massing about buildings or planting on rocky and hilly slopes. While
some are desirable only because of their evergreen foliage, the class as a whole
includes many of the finest flowering shrubs.

ANDROMEDAS

Useful plants for bordering groups of larger evergreens.
A. Catesbaei. See Leucothoe Catesbai.

A. floribunda. One of the best evergreen shrubs. Dwarf, compact

habit ; small, dark green, myrtle-like foliage, and pure white, wax-like blossoms
in spikes, somewhat resembling the lily-of-the-valley. Flowers early in spring.

A. Japonica. Very rich, smooth foliage, and drooping racemes of pure
white blossoms of great beauty. A superb species, of great hardiness.

AZALEA

A. amcena. This well-known favorite is of dwarf, bushy habit, and
thoroughly hardy. It is so densely covered during the month of May with
claret-colored flowers as to hide every twig, the color varying in depth, but
always bright. Most useful as an edging to Rhododendron and Azalea beds.
(See plate on page 24.)

A. Indica alba. Hardy Chinese White. A beautiful white variety.

Hardy when properly acclimated ; foliage light green and flowers pure white.
Our stock has been grown here in the open ground, without protection.

BUXUS. Boxwood

A necessary adjunct to any old-fashioned or formal garden, and for use in
connection with colonial and formal architectural work they are extremely effective.
We offer a splendid stock of several thousand in bush, pyramidal and standard
forms. These are perfectly hardy, and can be kept in their formal shapes with
very little care, or left to grow in their naturally loose and open habit.

Our Box bushes have been grown here at our nurseries for several years and have
been frequently and lately transplanted ; therefore they will lift with a large ball
of roots and earth and transplant with perfect safety. They can be shipped at any
time to any distance by freight. We ask you to notice the heavily rooted plant
illustrated on page 2Q, which was lifted at random from our stock.

We supply the Box bush direct from the open ground, but can furnish Terra-
Cotta Italian pots or cedar tubs when desired, and shall be pleased to give full
information regarding them. (See illustrations on page 29.)

B. Japonica; syn., Fortune!. A form with obovate or roundish obovate

foliage of light green.

25

BUXUS, continued

B. Japonica, var. argentea. Silver Japanese Box. Resembling B. Japonica
in form, but foliage variegated with white.

B. Japonica, var. aurea. Golden Japanese Box. A compact, globular
plant ; foliage very dense ; leaves large and rather round ; color of young
growth bright yellow, which is held until late in the fall.

B. Japonica, var. microphylla. Small -leaved Box. A prostrate form,
with small foliage of darker green than <B. Japonica.

B. Japonica, var. rotundifolia. Round -Leaf Japanese Box. Of com-
pact, globular growth ; foliage round, color light green, that of the new growth
being several shades lighter than the mature leaves.

B. sempervirens. Common Tree Box. Ornamental evergreen shrubs,
of rather slow growth, with small shining foliage. They stand pruning and
thrive in any well-drained soil. We keep these in different forms — BUSH,
STANDARD and PYRAMID, as shown in plate, page 29. The heavily rooted
Standard shows how they lift from the open ground. The Bush and Pyramid
forms are shown in Italian Terra-Cotta pots.

B. sempervirens, var. arborescens. Tall Tree Box. Of more rapid
growth than (E. sempervirens, and of loose, open form ; desirable where Box
does not need hard pruning, as its long branches assume a somewhat drooping
habit.

B. sempervirens, var. argentea marginata. A form of which the foliage
is edged with white.

B. sempervirens, var. decussata. A more open and upright form, and
with larger foliage than CB. sempervirens.

B. sempervirens, var. Handsworthi. A dense-growing form, with large,
dark foliage. One of the best.

B. sempervirens, var. myrtifolia. Myrtle -leaved Box. A close -growing
form, with narrow, oblong and very dark green leaves.

B. sempervirens, var. salicifolia. A form with narrow leaves of dark green.

B. sempervirens, var. suffruticosa (var. nana). Dwarf Box. The

well-known dwarf form used so extensively for Box borders. A very slow
grower.

COTONEASTER

Beautiful, useful shrubs of low growth, with excellent foliage and showy red
fruits which remain on the branches all winter. They grow well in a sunny posi-
tion and in any ordinary well-drained soil, but do not succeed in wet or deeply
shaded places.

C. buxifolia. Box-leaved. (Dm) A low shrub similar to C. micropbyl/a,

but with broader foliage, somewhat pubescent above. Bright red fruit.

C. horizontalis. (VD m) A low shrub with almost horizontal branches
and oval, glaucous leaves. Bright red fruit.

C. microphylla. Small-leaved. (Dm) A prostrate, densely branched
shrub, with shining green leaves and bright red fruit.

26

CRAT^EGUS. Thorn

C. Pyracantha. Evergreen Thorn. Though sometimes attaining good
height, this is really in the shrub class, and it is a most desirable, though
greatly neglected, ornamental Thorn. A dense grower, with sturdy branchlets
armed with stout thorns. The deep shining green foliage is highly attractive
and is retained throughout the year, but its beauty is greatly enhanced by
the brilliant scarlet berries, each as large as a pea, and produced in cymes
which last until spring. We recommend this strongly as a specimen, for bed-
ding, winter forcing, and for hedges.

C. Pyracantha, var. Lelandi. Leland's Evergreen Thorn. Evergreen and

similar in growth to C. pyracantha, but the cymes of berries are larger and the
fruit a beautiful orange-red.

DAPHNE

D. Cneorum. Garland Flower. A spreading and somewhat trailing shrub.

Foliage dark green above, glaucous beneath. In April and May it produces
pretty, pink, sweet-scented flowers, sometimes continuing throughout the
summer.

EUONYMUS

E. Japonica. Japanese Euonymus. A half-hardy evergreen of close, com-

pact growth and heavy dark green foliage. Desirable for window-boxes or
for pot decoration.

E. Japonica, var. argentea. Silvery Euonymus. A good -growing sort, of
which the margins of the leaves are marked with a band of creamy white.

E. Japonica, var. aurea. Golden Euonymus. Not quite as strong a
grower as E. Japonica, but of a good golden color.

E. Japonica, var. aurea variegata. Golden Variegated Euonymus. Pos-
sibly the hardiest of this family. A good, close grower and exceptionally attrac-
tive, as the dark green foliage is margined with a band of deep golden yellow.

E. radicans. See Trailing Plants.
E. radicans, var. See Trailing Plants.

ILEX. Holly

I. aquifolium. Common English Holly. In cultivation in this country it
rarely exceeds a shrub in size. It forms a pyramidal head ; the glossy green
foliage is waved with strong spiny teeth.

I. crenata. Japanese Holly. Few of Japan's introductions are so valuable
and so little known ; for though not of recent introduction, it was not widely
used until brought forward by us. The plant is a loose, rapid grower of
the hardiest sort, standing any exposure and any but a wet soil. It transplants
easily, and the large, deep dark green, glossy foliage, with which its branches
are densely clothed, makes it the richest foliaged shrub now offered. The
berries, inky black, are borne in quantities. (See engraving on title-page.)

I. crenata, var. latifolia. Broad-Leaved Japan Holly. Of more upright
growth than the type ; foliage more oblong and glossy green.

27

ILEX, continued

I. crenata, var. microphylla. Small -leaved Japan Holly. This is the
form that has been most widely disseminated under the name of /. crenata, but
it is of a denser form and more rapid growth. The foliage is much smaller,
oblong, lanceolate and crenated. It makes a beautiful hedge, as it stands shearing
as well as the Box bush. We have specimens up to 7 feet in height, and though
we have watched it closely since 1892 we have never seen the foliage dis-
colored. A rare and beautiful sort, which we highly recommend.

KALMIA. Laurel

K. latifolia. Mountain Laurel. Early visitors to our mountain resorts
will remember with great pleasure the beautiful Mountain Laurel seen in pro-
fusion during June. The dainty rose-pink buds and cream-white flowers,
dashed with pink when in full bloom, contrast distinctly with the dark, glossy
green of its evergreen foliage. This plant ranks in beauty with the native
rhododendron, and with it forms a class that is distinctively American and of
the utmost value. Many an American citizen has learned to prize the native
"common" Laurel only after seeing how it is prized in the great European
gardens, where its value is fully understood. Transplants and thrives well
when nursery-grown. Our great planting of the Laurel in the open fields at
Andorra always excites enthusiasm when covered with beautiful bloom in
June. (See plate on page 35.)

LEUCOTHOE

L. Catesbaei; syn., Andromeda Catesbaei. Drooping Andromeda. One
of the best shade-enduring plants, and very useful for massing as an under-
growth. It is a hardy evergreen shrub, which grows in sprays from 2 to 4
feet long, close to the ground. It has long-pointed leaves of bronze-green,
which color beautifully during the winter months. In spring it bears small
white, wax-like flowers, delicate and very fragrant. (See plate on page 24.)

LONICERA FRAGRANTISSIM A. See Deciduous Shrubs

MAHONIA

M. aquifolia. Holly-leaved Mahonia. A native species of medium size,
with shining, prickly leaves and showy, bright yellow flowers in May, succeeded
by bluish berries. Its handsome deep bronze-green glossy foliage and neat
habit render it very popular for decorative planting. It is very distinct and
pleasing in appearance.

M. Japonica. Japanese Mahonia. A strong grower, with larger leaves
than M. aquifolia; the foliage is a bright green, does not bronze in winter, and
the yellow flowers in May are attractive.

OSMANTHUS

M. ilicifolia. Holly-like Osmanthus. A compact, dense shrub, with short,
stout branches. The leaves are oblong-ovate, stiff and spiny ; the color a deep
shining green. Does best in shaded or partially protected positions, and thrives
in a light soil.

28

Buxus sempervirens (Box Bush); photographed at Andorra. See pages 25 and 26.

Flowers of
Rhododendron
Carawbiense
Hybrids.

Rhododendron maximum growing wild. See page 32.

RHODODENDRONS

The glory of every place possessing Rhododendrons is their superb bloom in
the latter part of May and early June. The magnificent coloring and huge clusters
of flowers in so many shades of pink, violet, rose, purple and delicate creamy white
give them the first place among evergreen shrubs. The principal feature of every
fine place in England is a collection of these plants. Surely we Americans ought
to appreciate and prize them even more, when our mountain ravines and brook-
sides are transformed into fairyland every summer by the bloom of our native Rho-
dodendrons, growing and flowering in such masses, and which can be reproduced on
private grounds. Their beautiful foliage is also most effective in the dull winter
months, when its glossy green adds beauty to otherwise bare shrubbery.

The great decorative value of Rhododendrons is now fully recognized, and
every year increases their popularity. This has been much hindered by the fact
that so many of the most strikingly brilliant colors were not hardy in our climate,
the heat and dryness of the summer and extreme cold of the winter usually proving
fatal to them. But during the last ten years we have expended much time and
money in selecting a few varieties that will combine hardiness and brilliancy of
color ; and the results have been so satisfactory that now we have several exquisite
colors in our collection, which a short time ago would have been impossible in this
climate. Our plants are fully acclimated now, as they have stood the severest
winters in our Nurseries. Of these hardy varieties the finest are the Hybrids of
Catawbiense, and from these our stock is especially selected.

CULTURAL DIRECTIONS.— In choosing a location for a bed of Rhododen-
drons, care should be taken to select a place sheltered from the force of prevailing
winds. The earth should be dug out of the bed to the depth of 2/4. feet, care
being taken to lay aside the top soil and remove all clay. Procure, if possible, good
surface soil from some old pasture ; add this to the soil laid aside ; mix thoroughly,
and with this fill in the excavation. After the planting is done, cover the surface
of the ground with well-rotted cow manure to the depth of 3 or 4 inches. This
not only enriches the soil, but aids very much in keeping the earth damp during hot
weather. This mulching should be dug into the bed every spring, using a garden
fork, so as not to injure the fibrous roots of the plants, and renewed every season
about the middle of July. The first year Rhododendrons are planted they should
be liberally watered, in the event of a dry spell of weather. Plant in the spring or
early fall, and in the late autumn a covering of leaves 10 to 12 inches deep is a good
protection and very beneficial. While Rhododendrons are most effective in masses,
they should not be crowded, as each one, if given space, will form a shapely plant ;
so, if the bed becomes crowded, it is best to transplant some of them, as they lift
very easily and with perfect safety, even when large.

We take great pleasure in inviting all admirers of Rhododendrons to visit our
Nurseries during the latter part of May and very early days of June, when our fine
collection of over five thousand plants is in the beauty of full bloom. Selections
may be made more intelligently when the plants themselves are before one.

Rhododendron Catawbiense. One of our most beautiful native varieties,
indigenous from New England to the Southern Alleghanies. Leaves oval and
oblong, of a dark glossy green. The flowers, produced in early June, are lilac-
purple, in large and impressive heads. This fine American evergreen shrub
is one of the best of all Rhododendrons, and perfectly hardy. It is the con-
trolling parent of numerous fine hybrid forms, worked out by skilful Euro-
pean growers, a selection of which we present on the following page. (See
plate on page 30.)

R. Catawbiense, var. alba. A form with bluish white flowers.

31

Chestnut

R£A JVUJZg
utffill, ^Philad

RHODODENDRON CATAWBIENSE HYBRIDS
We recommend the following varieties, which have proved satisfactory with us.

Abraham Lincoln. Rosy crimson.
Good form and foliage.

Album elegans. White. A tall
grower, with a fine truss.

Album grandiflora. White. A
tall grower ; not as hardy here as
Album elegans.

Atrosanguineum. Dark scarlet.
Good foliage and a good grower.

Blandyanum. Rosy crimson. Fine
form, excellent foliage ; a beautiful
and abundant bloomer.

Caractacus. Purplish crimson.
Good foliage and a good grower.

Chas. Bagley. Bright red. Good
foliage and habit.

Chas. Dickens. Scarlet. A very
good sort, with excellent foliage.

Delicatissimum. White. Clear
white, delicately tinted with pink ;
very glossy foliage and a good grower.

Duchess of Bedford. Crimson.
A grand truss ; flowers have a light
center.

Everestianum. Rosy lilac. The
truss large ; an abundant bloomer ;
foliage exceptionally good ; growth
close and compact.

Flushing. Rosy scarlet. One of
the brightest ; a good grower.

Frederick Waterer. Crimson.
Intense fiery color, large bloom, fine
truss and beautiful foliage.

General Grant. Rosy scarlet.

Gloriosum. White. A large bold
flower and good foliage.

H. W. Sargent. Crimson. Habit,
foliage and color are good.

J.Marshall Brooks. Scarlet.
Scarlet, with bronze eye. A deep
color ; good foliage.

John Walter. Rich crimson. Fine
form and very fine habit.

Lady Armstrong. Pale rose. One
of the best.

Lady Grey Edgerton. White.
White with silvery blush ; splendid
truss and foliage.

Michael Waterer. Scarlet -crim-
son. A good bright color, and of
extra fine form and habit.

Minnie. White. Bluish white,
with large blotch of orange spots ;
very fine.

Mrs. John Glutton. White. Fine
clear white ; good form.

Mrs. Milner. Crimson. Habit
and foliage are equally fine.

Pictum. White. Clear white,
with cluster of orange spots.

Purpureum elegans. Purple. One
of the best of this color.

Roseum elegans. Good rose.
Grand habit and foliage, while the
flower is all one can desire. This is
the best of all Rhododendrons.

Sefton. Dark maroon. A good
grower, with excellent foliage. In all
respects one of the best, but very
scarce.

Good habit and foliage.

Rhododendron maximum. Great Laurel. A strong grower, and one of
the hardiest of the species. Foliage glossy green, of deeper color when planted
in a shaded position ; large oblong leaves. Flowers rosy white to white, are
produced in late June and July. We handle thousands of this variety, both
nursery-grown and large collected plants, which are supplied by the car-load.

R. ponticum, var. multiflpra. Many - flowered. A dwarf, dense form,
with small, myrtle-like foliage and small, attractive flowers.

R. ponticum, var. myrtifolium. Myrtle - leaved. A dwarf, dense form,
with small, myrtle-like foliage and small, attractive flowers.

32

RHODODENDRONS, continued

R. ponticum, var. odoratum. Fragrant. A dwarf, dense grower, with
good dark green foliage, producing quantities of small, sweet-scented flowers.

R. punctatum. Dotted. A shrub with slender, spreading or recurving
branches ; foliage glabrous ; flowers rosy colored and spotted. The earliest of
all the Rhododendrons.

R. undulatum. Of dwarf, compact growth, with curiously curled, light
green foliage.

YUCCA

Y. filamentosa. Adam's Needle. An evergreen shrub with long, spiny-
pointed leaves, producing in midsummer an immense panicle 4. to 6 feet in
height, of large, ivory white flowers. Beautiful and useful in shrubbery beds
and borders, or for dry sandy positions where little else will thrive.

Y. filamentosa, var. glaucescens variegata. Variegated Yucca. A form
with more glaucous foliage, which is striped with white.

Y. gloriosa, var. plicata. Plaited. Leaves more slender than the type,
but much plaited ; panicle large.

Y. gloriosa, var. recurvifolia ; syn., pendula. A form with longer, nar-
rower foliage, and a slender panicle of flowers.

MEMORANDA

33

MEMORANDA

Kalmia latifolia (Laurel). See page 28.

Acer saccharinum (Sugar Maple). See page 38.

TREES

OF this most important class of ornamental trees we present a very careful
selection, including only those varieties which have been found by exten-
sive experience and careful trial most suitable for general culture. There is no
"chaff" in this list.

ABBREVIATIONS

Denoting size: L, large; M, medium; S, small; D, dwarf; VD, very dwarf.
Denoting rapidity of growth: r, rapid ; m, medium ; /, slow ; i/, vigorous.

ACER. Maple

A. campestris. European Cork Maple. (S m) A tree of dense growth,
with peculiar corky branches and dull green foliage. Valuable for planting
as an undergrowth and on dry ground.

A. colchicum, var. rubrum. Red Colchicum Maple. (Sm) Foliage
deep green in the mature state, and of a rich red tinge when young, giving a
pretty, variegated appearance. Rare and choice.

A. dasycarpum. Silver Maple. (L r) Of irregular, rounded form ; foliage
light green, silvery beneath ; very hardy ; thrives in almost any soil.

A. dasycarpum, var. Wierii laciniatum. Wier's Cut -leaved Silver
Maple. (L r). A form of the silver-leaved Maple, and one of the most remark-
able and beautiful trees with cut or dissected foliage. Its growth is rapid,
shoots slender and drooping, giving it a habit almost as graceful as the cut-
leaved birch. The foliage is abundant, silvery underneath, and, on the young
wood especially, deeply and most delicately cut. The leaf-stalks are long and
tinted with red on the upper surface. It ranks among the most interesting
and attractive of lawn trees.

A. macrophyllum. Oregon Maple. (Mm) A handsome round-headed
tree, noted for its extra large foliage. Not entirely hardy in the North.

A. Negundo. Ash-leaved Maple, or Box Elder. (Mr) Growth rapid,
especially while young; form irregular and spreading ; foliage light green, and
bark of young wood greenish yellow ; easily transplanted.

A. Pennsylvanicum ; syn., striatum. Striped Maple. (Mm) Ahand-
some tree of dense, upright habit, with large, bright green foliage, turning
clear yellow in autumn. Attractive even in winter for its smooth, greenish
bark, striped with white.

A. platanoides. Norway Maple. (L r) A spreading, rounded form,
with strong branches ; foliage large, dark green and shadowy ; hardy and easily
transplanted. An excellent shade tree, always rich in appearance.

A. platanoides, var. purpurea. Schwedler's Purple Maple. (L r) A
beautiful variety, with young shoots and leaves of a bright purplish and crim-
son color, changing to purplish green in the older leaves ; a most valuable tree.

37

ACER, continued

A. pseudo-platanus. European Sycamore Maple. (L r) A handsome
tree, of upright growth, with large foliage and smooth, gray-colored bark.

A. pseudo-plantanus, var. purpurea. Purple Sycamore Maple. (Z, r)

A purple-leaved form of great merit. The habit of growth is the same as A.
pseudo-platanus, but leaves are of a purplish red beneath, giving the tree a deep
purple shade which is retained all season.

A. rubrum. Red, or Scarlet Maple. (Lv) Attractive for its excellent
habit, earliness of the scarlet flowers and bright red seed-pods in the late
spring. The deep green foliage turns to scarlet and orange in the fall.

A. saccharinum. Sugar Maple. (L r) No better tree can be used for
street, park or lawn planting, as its growth is straight, its form symmetrical.
It is well adapted for planting near buildings, and, being deep-rooted, the
grass will grow up to its very trunk, which is quite a strong point in its favor.
It will thrive in almost all localities except where the ground is damp or boggy.
No tree has more gorgeous autumn coloring ; it varies in all shades of yel-
low, orange and scarlet. (See plate on page 36.)

A. spicatum. Mountain Maple. (D s) A shrubby tree with light green
foliage, bearing in summer bright red seed-pods. Valuable in undergrowth.

A. Tataricum, var. Ginnala. Tartarian Maple. (Dm) Of graceful,
shrubby growth, with handsome foliage, turning to bright red in autumn.
One of the most brilliant of fall-coloring trees and a good substitute for the
Japanese Maples where they are not hardy.

THE JAPANESE MAPLES

A. polymorphum. Japanese Maple. (Dm) A tree of dense growth,
with deeply lobed foliage of bright green, changing to a purplish hue in August.

A. polymorphum, var. ampelopsilobum. Seven -lobed Maple. (S v) Of
larger growth than the type and with larger foliage, which is light green in
summer, coloring brilliant crimson in the fall.

A. polymorphum, var. atropurpureum. Blood -leaved Japanese Maple.
(S s) A compact grower, with delicately cut leaves of a beautiful blood-red
in the spring, changing to purplish red, which lasts throughout the season.

A. polymorphum, var. atropurpureum dissectum. Weeping Blood -
leaved Japanese Maple. (D s) Most beautiful ; delicately divided leaves of
deep blood-red ; the branches are long, slender and pendulous.

A. polymorphum, var. aureum. Golden Japanese Maple. (D s) A form
with round, slightly cut, light yellow foliage.

A. polymorphum, var. dissectum. Cut -leaved Japanese Maple. (VD s)
A weeping form', with delicately divided foliage of beautiful light green. (See
plate on page 41.)

A. polymorphum, var. palmatum. (Sv) A dense grower, very much
branched ; foliage round, not so deeply cut as that of filicifolium ; bright green.

A. polymorphum, var. scolopendiflorum. (Dm) An open grower, with
clean, deeply cut, narrow, blood-red foliage, which holds its color well.

38

DECIDUOUS

iESCULUS. Horse-Chest nut

JE. Hippocastanum. European Horse-Chestnut. (Lm) A tree of hand-
some, regular outline and very hardy. In May it is covered with magnificent
erect spikes or panicles of white flowers, lightly marked with red. It has no
superior as a lawn or street tree. (See plate on page 41.)

IE,. Hippocastanum, var. alba flore pleno. Double White -flowering
Horse-Chestnut. (L z>) A superb variety of handsome, regular outline and
pyramidal habit. Its dense top is covered in May with double white flowers
in large panicles, much larger than those of A. Hippocastanum.

IE,. Hippocastanum, var. rubicunda. Red-flowering Horse-Chestnut.
(M m) A handsome and desirable variety, not forming so symmetrical a top
as the other sorts, but the foliage is good and the red flowers very attractive.

JE. glabra. American Horse-Chestnut. (Mr) A native variety of
open, spreading growth. The flowers, appearing in May, are greenish yellow
A good street tree.

JE. parviflora ; syn., Pavia parviflora. See Shrubs.

AILANTHUS

A. glandulosa. Tree of Heaven. (L r) Ornamental tree, with loose,
somewhat spreading habit and elegant, palm-like foliage. Thrives in any soil
or situation, and is especially desirable for situations where soil is too poor for
successful growth of other trees, and for smoky cities. Fertile trees should be
planted, because the male exhales a disagreeable odor when flowering.

ALNUS

A. glutinpsa. European, or Black Alder. (Mr) A vigorous -growing
tree with dull, dark green foliage. Valuable for planting in damp situations.

A. glutinosa, var. imperialis. Cut-leaved Alder. (Mr) A strong-
growing, ornamental variety, with deeply pinnately-lobed leaves.

AMELANCHIER

A. Canadensis. Shad-bush. (D r) A form varying in size, sometimes
hardly more than a bush. Bears white, cherry-like blossoms in May or June,
and these are followed by small purplish fruits, sweet and edible.

A. Botryapium. Dwarf Juneberry. See Shrubs.

ANDROMEDA. See Oxydendrum

ARALIA

A. Chinensis ; syn., Japonica. Chinese Angelica Tree. (D r) A tree
of highly ornamental subtropical appearance. The stem is very prickly ;
leaves I )4 to ^l^. feet long, the branches crowned with great clusters of
white flowers in August. Grows well in dry, rocky or clayey soil.

A. pentaphylla ; syn., Acanthopanax spinosa. See Shrubs.

A. spinosa. Hercules' Club. (D r) Resembles^. Cbinensis ; flowers a
little later. A good grower in dry, rocky or clayey soils.

39

BETULA. Birch

These are general favorites as specimen or avenue trees. They thrive even
in the poorest soils and in the most exposed situations.

B. alba. European White Weeping Birch. (L r) A graceful tree, with
silvery bark and slender branches ; quite erect when young, but after four or
five years' growth assumes an elegant drooping habit, rendering the tree very
effective. (See plate on page 42.)

B. alba, var. fastigiata. Pyramidal White Birch. (Mm) An interesting
and valuable tree ; in habit as columnar as the Lombardy poplar.

B. alba, var. laciniata pendula. Weeping Cut -leaved White Birch.
One of the most popular and worthy lawn trees. A strictly upright growth of
the leader, yet the side branches are so slim as to droop in a most picturesque
manner. The foliage is deeply cut and very effective. The bark peels and
becomes of the purest silvery white.

B. alba, var. Youngii. Young's Weeping Birch.. (Ds) A very com-
pact weeping form, of elegant habit.

B. alba, var. purpurea. Purple Birch. (Mm) A good form with dark
purplish foliage and white bark.

B. lenta. Sweet, Black or Cherry Birch. (L r) A good grower, with
dark bark, closely resembling the wild cherry. Leaves heart-shaped and shin-
ing bright green.

B. lutea. Yellow Birch. (L r) Closely resembles B. lenta, but leaves are
not as bright a green and are more downy beneath. Bark yellowish silver-
gray. A good grower and a handsome tree.

B. populifolia. American White Birch. (Mr) A small, graceful tree,
thriving in poor and dry soils. Bark grayish white; not as silvery as CB. alba.

B. papyrifera. Paper, or Canoe Birch. (L r) Of vigorous, upright
habit of growth, with broad foliage and pure white bark when the tree is four
inches or more in diameter. A tree of first-class ornamental character.

B. nigra; syn., r libra. Red Birch. (L r) A moisture -loving tree of grace-
ful, slender habit ; densely branched ; foliage light. Remarkable for its torn
and ragged bark, and one of the handsomest of the Birches.

BROUSSONETIA. Mulberry

B. papyrifera. Paper Mulberry. (M v) A picturesque round-headed

tree with greenish gray bark blotched with brown; the leaves are large and
deeply lobed.

CARPINUS. Hornbeam

C.Americana; syn., Caroliniana. American Hornbeam. (Ms) A
hardy ornamental tree of dense growth, forming a round head. The foliage
somewhat resembles the beech, is a good green, turning to bronzy yellow in
the fall and remaining on the tree nearly all winter. A valuable tree for dry,
rocky situations. Does well in the shade, and is a first-class hedge plant.

C. Betulus. European Hornbeam. (Ss) Resembles C. Americana, but

of more twiggy growth and holds its foliage later in the winter.

40

No. i, ^sculus Hippocastanum.

See page }Q.

No. 2, Acer polymorphum dissectum.
See page 38.

Betula alba. See page 40.

DECID17O17S

CARYA

C. alba. Shellbark Hickory. (Lr) This well-known Hickory forms a
fine tree with rugged, shaggy, grayish brown bark, and bears the best and
sweetest nuts. Difficult to transplant unless well cultivated and often trans-
planted in the nursery.

C. tomentosa. Mocker Nut. (L r) A tall, slender tree with rough bark,
deeply furrowed, but not shaggy. Does well on dry hillsides.

CASTANEA. Chestnut

These are not only desirable for their fruit, but the American and Spanish
varieties are exceptionally strong, clean growers, and form excellent shade trees.

C. Americana. American Chestnut. (L r) A hardy and vigorous grower,
making an elegant shade tree. The fruit is sweeter than that of any other
variety.

C. Japonica. Japan Chestnut. (Sv) A dense-headed tree, producing
large fruit while quite young.

C. vesca. Spanish Chestnut. (L r) A strong grower, forming a beauti-
ful head. Fruits larger than C. Americana but not as sweet

C. vesca, var. hybrida. See Fruit Department.

CATALPA

Valuable ornamental foliage and flowering trees of easy culture on ordinary
soils. Leaves usually of immense size, heart-shaped and of pleasing color ;
flowers borne in large, upright panicles, similar to those of the horse-chestnut, yet
broader and larger; the individual flowers are trumpet-shaped and somewhat
fragrant. Valuable for lawn, street or park planting. They are of rapid growth
and flower when quite young.

C. bignonioides. Common Catalpa, or Indian Bean. (Mr) A fine
growing tree with large, heart-shaped leaves and yellow purple-spotted flowers
late in July.

C. bignonioides, var. aurea. Golden Catalpa. (M r) Striking effects
can be produced by interspersing this tree with those of duller green foliage,
its golden coloring bringing out the other greens, which without it would
appear dull and lifeless. If left in a dwarf state by annual pruning it is
excellent for associating with fine-leaved plants in making subtropical effects.

C. Bungei. Bunge's Catalpa. (Ds) A species from China, of dwarf
habit, growing only from 3 to 5 feet high. Foliage large and glossy ; flowers
in large clusters a foot long. This form is usually grafted on stems 5 to 8 feet
in height, and used as a standard. Useful in formal work.

C. Kaempferi. Japanese Catalpa. (S r) A hardy species, not as strong
a grower as C. speciosa. Foliage darker ; produces fragrant flowers in June.
Seed-pods very long and slender.

C. speciosa. Western Catalpa. (L r) A fine and hardy sort, well
adapted for forest and ornamental planting. Its blossoms open two weeks
earlier than those of C. bignonioides.

43

CEDRELA

C. Sinensis. Chinese Cedrela. (Mr) An ornamental tree, with large,
feathery foliage ; very valuable for avenues. Similar to the ailanthus, but of
more regular and dense growth and the blossoms have no odor.

CELTIS

C. occidentalis. Nettle Tree. (Mm). A valuable shade tree or lawn
specimen. Wide-spreading head ; light green foliage, rarely injured by insects.
It is of vigorous growth, transplants easily and thrives in almost any soil. In
general appearance it resembles the elm.

CERASUS. Cherry

Among the flowering trees these demand a prominent place. They are all
thrifty, hardy growers, with bright, attractive bark, excellent foliage, and very
showy flowers. With the exception of the dwarf and weeping forms, they make
excellent shade trees, and C. serotina is a good tree for avenue planting.

C. avium, var. alba plena. Double White -flowering Cherry. (Lv)
A charming small tree, producing a great abundance of large double white
flowers in May. The flowers are of a most attractive texture.

C. avium, var. rosea plena. Double Pink-flowering Cherry. (Lv)
Similar to the foregoing, but with pink flowers.

C. avium, var. rosea pendula. Pink Weeping Japan Cherry. (D v)
One of the best flowering weeping trees. The crooked, drooping branches
give it a graceful form, and the bright rose-colored blossoms literally cover the
branches to the very tips.

C. Padus. European Bird Cherry. (S m) A pyramidal tree, with rough,
speckled bark and oval, abrupt-pointed, dark green foliage. The pure white
blossoms in spring are borne on long pedicels, in long, drooping racemes, fol-
lowed by black fruit.

C. serotina. Wild Black Cherry. (Lv) Valuable either as an orna-
mental or timber tree, and one of the most beautiful natives. The foliage is the
darkest green and retains its color late in the fall, being one of the last to lose
its leaves. The flowers, in long, loose racemes, are followed by purple-black
fruit ripening in the late summer.

C. pumila, var. pendula. Weeping Dwarf Sand Cherry. (Ds) A dense
twiggy grower, usually grafted on 5- to 6-foot stems, and used as a standard,
when it forms a dense, round, somewhat pendulous head. The flowers literally
cover the twigs and are followed by small dark red cherries.

C. Sieboldi, var. rubra plena. (M v) A form in which the double
white flowers, tinted with rose, are borne in clusters.

C. Sinensis, var. alba plena. Double White Chinese Cherry. (M v)
An ornamental variety of good growth ; well foliaged and producing huge
double white flowers.

C. Sinensis, var. rosea plena. Double Pink Chinese Cherry. (M v)
Characteristics same as the former, but the flowers are pink.

44

DECIDUO17S

CERCIS

C. Canadensis. Red Bud, or American Judas. (S s) A rapid -growing,
round-headed tree, with large, heart-shaped, leathery foliage of dark green,
bearing clusters of deep bluish pink flowers all along the branches, before the
leaves appear in the spring. One of the earliest flowering trees.

C. Japonica. See Shrubs.

C. occidentalis. Texas Red Bud. (Ds) Similar in habit to C. Cana-
densis, but of smaller growth. ,

CERCIDIPHYLLUM

C. Japonicum. (Mr) A hardy ornamental tree of pyramidal form, of
almost fastigiate habit when young, with handsome light green foliage, turning
yellow and scarlet in the fall. Prefers a rich, moist soil. One of the best of
the newer introductions from Japan, and one we can highly recommend.

CLADRASTIS

C. Amurensis ; syn., Maackia Amurensis (Ms) A low spreading
tree with long glabrous foliage, bearing long erect racemes of white flowers in
July and August.

C. tinctoria; syn., Virgilia lutea. Yellow Wood. (Mm) One of the
most graceful native flowering trees, with short trunk and rounded head, bear-
ing beautiful white, sweet-scented flowers in June. A beautiful lawn tree.

CORNUS. DogWOOd. (See, also, Shrubs)

C. florida. White Dogwood. (S v) Although most common in our
American forests, there is certainly no flowering tree more beautiful than the
White-flowering Dogwood. Before the leaves appear in early May it is covered
with large white blossoms ; in autumn it is ablaze with brilliant berries and
foliage. Our stock of this is always large. (See plate on page 47.)

C. florida, var. flore rubro. Red -flowering Dogwood. (S v) Flowers
suffused with bright pink. This is one of the finest lawn trees. It has a
fresh, pronounced color, continuing with the flower from the beginning to the
end of its bloom. Planted with the white species the effect is unrivaled.

C. florida pendula. Weeping Dogwood. (D v) This rare and very
beautiful weeping tree has all the good qualities of the common Dogwood,
with a perfectly drooping habit and upright leading stem. We have many fine
large specimens.

CRAT^EGUS. Thorn

The Thorns justly deserve to be classed among the most beautiful flowering
trees. They are generally dense, low growers, occupying comparatively little space
and are well adapted to beautifying small grounds. The foliage is varied and attrac-
tive, the flowers very showy and often highly perfumed. The fruit is ornamental.

45

CRAT^GUS, continued

There are numerous varieties, all of which are hardy and will thrive in any dry soil.
We have endeavored to select the best and most distinct. They flower in May
and June.

C. cpccinea. Scarlet Thorn. (Ss) This is the first to bloom, producing
its white blossoms early in May, and in the fall the ripening fruit is bright
scarlet.

C. cordata. Washington Thorn. (S s) A desirable species, flowering in
June. The fall coloring of the foliage is very bright, and the red fruits remain
on the tree a long time.

C. Crus-galli. Cockspur Thorn. (Dv} A small tree with a flat, bushy
head, horizontal branches and long, sharp thorns. Foliage glossy green.
Makes an excellent hedge.

C. Lavallei. Hyb. Crus-galli X Mexicana. (Dv} A small tree, with
spreading branches, large flowers with red disk, and bright orange or brick-
red fruit.

C. mollis. Scarlet Haw. (S v) One of the most decorative species, with
large, bright green foliage and showy flowers. Fruit light scarlet, ripening in
September.

C. punctata. (Sm) A form with spreading, horizontal branches and short
spines. The foliage is good, and the flowers in May are followed by bright
red or reddish yellow fruits.

C. tomentosa. Black Hawthorn. (S s} A vigorous species, with dark
green foliage and bright scarlet fruit.

C. Oxyacantha. English Hawthorn. (Ss) A tree with spreading branches
and stout spines ; the sweet-scented flowers are white, rarely pink ; fruit scarlet.

C. Oxyacantha, var. alba flore pleno. Double White Hawthorn. (S m)

Similar to the preceding, but with double white flowers.

C. Oxyacantha, var. coccinea flore pleno. Paul's Double Scarlet Thorn.
(S /») This is a new sort, and the best. The large, full, double flowers of deep
rich crimson are in clusters like verbenas.

C. Oxyacantha, var. rosea flore pleno. Double Pink Hawthorn. (S m)
In growth similar to C. Oxyacantha. Flowers rose-colored and fragrant.

CYTISUS. Golden Chain

C. Laburnum. Golden Chain. (S m) A small tree, taking its name from
the long racemes of golden blossoms produced in June. It does remarkably
well where a cool and shady spot can be selected for it. (See plate on page 47.)

C. Laburnum, var. pendula. Weeping Golden Chain. (D s) A form

usually grafted on stems 5 to 6 feet in height. A very fine garden tree.

•

DIOSPYROS. Persimmon

D. Virginiana. Persimmon. (Mm] A tree with spreading, rounded

tops and often pendulous branches. Bears a pale orange fruit, with red cheek.

46

Spray of Cytisus Laburnum. See page 46.

Blossoms of Cornus florida.

See page 45.

Robinia Pseudacacia. See page 60. Popuius nigra fastigiata. See page 57.

FAGUS. Beech

The Beech is a lordly tree, with its great, smooth trunk and spreading branches,
and, though it never reaches the size of the chestnut, it is far more beautiful and
longer lived. All the Beeches require care in transplanting, as their roots are
sensitive to exposure.

F. ferruginea. American Beech. (Lv) One of the most majestic
native trees, always symmetrical and handsome ; excellent for avenues, screens
and lawns ; the smooth gray bark is an attractive feature, particularly in winter.

F. sylvatica. European Beech. (Lv) Of rather slower growth and
more compact form than the American ; a choice and beautiful tree ; retains
its foliage very late, sometimes all winter, and forms a good screen or wind-
break.

F. sylvatica, var. asplenifolia. Fern -leaved Beech. (S s) A beautiful
variety, with delicately divided, almost skeletonized leaves. The young
shoots are very slender and drooping, giving the tree a singular airy appearance.

F. sylvatica, var. pendula. Weeping Beech. (M v) A remarkably
picturesque tree. The foliage is very rich green, and hangs in masses. On
our grounds we have two grand specimens over fifty feet in height ; also
salable specimens 15 to 20 feet that can be transplanted safely.

F. sylvatica, var. purpurea. Purple Beech. (Lv) A fine shade tree;
hardy, long-lived, has but few insect enemies, and, after it gets well established,
is a rapid grower. Early in the season the young foliage is bright, glossy, and
of that rich purplish color which is so intense in depth when seen against
green-foliaged trees. When judiciously planted, it is one of the most orna-
mental and effective objects that can be introduced into a landscape.

F. sylvatica, var. purpurea pendula. Weeping Purple Beech. (Mm)
A weeping form of F. purpurea. The habit is as pronounced as that of the
green-leaved form, F. sylvatica pendula, and the foliage is a rich dark blood-red.

F. sylvatica, var. purpurea rosea marginata. Rose -margined Purple -
leaved Beech. (Mm) A distinct novelty. The leaves are beautifully mar-
gined with rose and creamy white ; needs a shaded position, as the margins of
the leaves turn brown if exposed to the sun.

F. sylvatica, var. Riversii. River's Blood-leaved Beech. (M v) A
grafted form of much deeper purple foliage than F. sylvatica purpurea, which
holds its color well throughout the season.

FRAXINUS. Ash

A desirable class of vigorous-growing trees, with large, rounded, open heads
and sufficient foliage to make good shade trees.

F. Americana. White Ash. (L v) Broad, round head and straight,
clean trunk. While young it is remarkable for the softness and mellow greeri
of its foliage. Will thrive where F. Europaa will languish. An excellent shade
and ornamental tree.

F. excelsior. European Ash. (Mm) Full, spreading head and short,
thick trunk ; darker foliage than the American species.

49

FRAXINUS, continued

F. excelsior, var. aurea. Golden English Ash. The foliage in the early
spring and fall months is of a rich yellow. Especially showy during the win-
ter for its beautiful golden bark and twisted branches.

F. excelsa, var. pendula. Weeping English Ash. (D s) Usually grafted
on tall stems, when it forms a round, spreading top.

F. Ornus. Flowering Ash. (S s) A neat -growing tree, with grayish

bark and light green foliage ; bears terminal panicles of fragrant white flow-
ers in late May and June.

GLEDITSCHIA

G. aquatica. Water Locust. (Sm) A species thriving in wet and moist

soil. The foliage is smaller than that of G. triacanthos, and the tree is not so
heavily branched.

G. triacanthos. Honey Locust. (L v) A large, handsome, clean tree,
usually with many stout, much-branched thorns on trunk and branches ; foli-
age large and light. Makes a beautiful specimen.

G. triacanthos, var. Bujotti. Weeping Locust. (Ds) A distinct weep-
ing form, usually grafted upon 5- to 6-foot stems and used as a standard.

GLYPTOSTROBUS. See Taxodium

GYMNOCLADUS

G. Canadensis. Kentucky Coffee Tree. (Mr} A striking ornamental,
irregular, open-topped tree, with peculiar, rough-barked and twigless branches,
and immense, broad, feathery foliage of a peculiar bluish green color. The
flowers are white, in open racemes, followed by long, brown pods. Very
picturesque and desirable.

HALESIA (See, also, Pterostyrax)

H. tetraptera. Snowdrop Tree. (Sm) A neat tree with rounded head,
somewhat drooping habit and dark green foliage. Just before the leaves ex-
pand in May, it is covered with small white flowers resembling snowdrops.
It is one of the best early blooming trees.

HOVENIA

H. dulcis. Japan. (S m) A small round-headed tree with somewhat
shining foliage, thriving best in sandy loam. The white flowers in June are
followed by dark brown berries.

JUGLANS

J. nigra. Black Walnut. (L r) A large, open-headed spreading tree,
with rough, dark brown bark and long light foliage. Fruit is the well-known
walnut. A picturesque tree ; hardy and rugged ; valuable not only as an
ornamental, but to plant in waste places as a timber tree.

50

DECIDUOUS

KCELREUTERIA

K. paniculata. Varnish Tree. (Ms) A charming tree, native of
China, with glossy, divided foliage and large terminal panicles of showy golden
yellow flowers in July, after the great majority of trees and shrubs are past
their bloom. The flowers are followed by curious, bladdery seed-vessels.
Its pleasingly colored foliage and neat habit of growth, with its showy flow-
ers, render it a desirable lawn tree. Any well-grown Kcelreuteria is a striking
object when in full flower, and in the fall its foliage takes on rich crimson
and yellow colorings. It is one of the most satisfactory ornamental trees
and deserves more extensive planting.

LARIX. Larch

L. Europaea. European Larch. (L r) An upright -growing tree, with
light green foliage. The branches when young have a drooping habit. A
valuable tree where quick results are required, and a good sort for screening
unsightly buildings, owing to its rapid growth and dense foliage.

L. leptolepis. Japanese Larch. (L r) A handsome pyramidal tree with
horizontal branches. Branchlets yellowish or reddish brown ; leaves broad and
soft, of bluish green. One of the best of this family.

LAURUS SASSAFRAS. See Sassafras officinale

LIQUIDAMBAR

L. styraciflua. Sweet Gum. (Mm) One of the best ornamental trees;
leaves resemble somewhat those of the maple, but are more star-shaped and of
a beautiful glossy green color, turning to a deep purplish crimson in autumn ;
bark corky ; beautiful in all stages of growth, it is particularly handsome and
striking in the autumn.

LIRIODENDRON

L. Tulipifera. Tulip Tree. (Lr) A large, rapid -growing forest tree,
with clean, smooth trunk and spreading branches. The flowers, which are
tulip-shaped, are quite large and of a greenish yellow color, blotched with
orange ; they appear early in June, and have a delicate magnolia-like fragrance.
The leaves are large, glossy and of peculiar shape. The Tulip Tree is
uniquely beautiful, an excellent street tree and indispensable for lawn and park
planting. Transplants best in the spring, but our well-rooted stock has given
every satisfaction in the fall. (See plate on page 48.)

L. Tulipifera, var. aurea marginata ; syn., panache. Variegated -Leaved
Tulip Poplar. (L r) The margins of the broad, glossy dark green leaves are
marked with a band of light yellow. One of the most distinctly variegated
trees.

M ACLURA

M. aurantiaca. Osage Orange. (S m) A dense-growing tree, with
very thorny branches and glossy bright green leaves. Fruit resembles a large
green orange. As a specimen it makes a pretty tree, but it is as a hedge plant
that it has most value. See Hedges.

51

MAGNOLIA

NATIVE SORTS

Among the flowering trees useful for street or park planting, these stand pre-
eminent. Their stately forms, hardiness, grand, heavy foliage, large, showy flowers
and fruits, form an unequaled combination.

M. acuminata. Cucumber Tree. (L r) Forms a fine pyramidal -
shaped tree. The flowers are yellowish white, appearing in June. The fruit,
when green, resembles a small cucumber, but when ripe is of a deep scarlet.
An excellent avenue or lawn tree.

M. Fraseri. Frazer's Magnolia. (Mr) A rather slender, pyramidal
tree, with wide-spreading branches. The foliage is a good green, and shows
to advantage the yellowish white, sweetly scented flowers, and in autumn the
rose-colored fruit.

M. glauca. Sweet or Swamp Magnolia. (S s) A beautiful tree, of fair
size when planted in damp ground. The foliage is thick, deep green and
glossy, and the sweet-scented white blossoms in June are lovely.

M. grandiflora. Evergreen Magnolia. (S s) An evergreen species, hardy
as far north as Philadelphia. It is a very bushy grower, and the white flowers
show well against the thick, glossy dark green foliage.

M. macrophylla. Great-leaved Magnolia. (M v) A superb species,
of medium height and rounded growth. The leaves are of immense size, often
two feet in length. The flowers are also very large, sometimes 10 or 12
inches in diameter. Its tropical appearance, a character all possess to more or
less extent, its large leaves, flowers and scarlet fruit make it most effective.
We have two very fine specimens over 40 feet in height on our grounds.

M, tripetala. Umbrella Tree. (Mr) An open-headed tree, with spreading
branches and very large leaves. The flowers in June vary from 4 to 8 inches
across, and the oblong fruit is rose-colored.

CHINESE SPECIES AND THEIR HYBRIDS

These garden sorts flower early ; even before the leaves appear their gorgeous
masses of colored bloom are at their best, and their fragrance is as delicious as their
grand display of color is pleasing. They transplant best in the spring.

M. Alexandriana. (Hybrid.) Alexander's Magnolia. (Sm) A form
closely resembling M. Soulangeana ; almost identical in color of flower, but
blooms a few days earlier.

M. conspicua. Chinese White Magnolia. (S s) A highly prized spe-
cies on account of its large white flowers, which open about the middle of
April. Shrub-like growth when young, but attains the size of a tree in time.

M. Kobus. Thurber's Japanese Magnolia. (S m) A tree of bushy
growth and pyramidal form, densely branched. The flowers of creamy yellow
appear early in May. A desirable variety.

M. Lennei. (Hybrid.) Lenne's Magnolia. (Sm) A strong grower;
foliage dark green ; flowers dark rose-colored, cup-shaped, opening in May.
Very frequently this variety will produce a few flowers in the late summer.
One of the best.

52

Liriodendron Tulipifera. See page 51

v

Oxydendrum arboreum. See page 55.

Pyrus baccata. See page 58.

DECIDUOUS

MAGNOLIA. CHINESE SPECIES AND THEIR HYBRIDS, continued

M. Norbertiana. (Hybrid.) Norbert's Magnolia. (S m) Similar to M.
Soulangeana, but flowers are more deeply tinted and it blooms later.

M. purpurea; syn., obovata. Purple Magnolia. (D s) A very bushy
sort. Flowers a deep purplish pink, darker than any of the others. One of
the latest to bloom.

M. Soulangeana. (Hybrid.) Soulange's Magnolia. (S m) A hardy,
vigorous grower, with large, glossy foliage and deep cup-shaped white flowers,
pink inside, opening in April. One of the best garden Magnolias.

M. speciosa. (Hybrid.) Showy-flowered Magnolia. (S m) Closely re-
sembles M. Soulangeana, but flowers very late ; blooms smaller and of a deeper
color.

M. stellata; syn., Halleana. Hall's Japanese Magnolia. (D s) Of low
and shrub-like form ; the flowers are pure white, the petals long, narrow and
arranged in double rows ; the fragrance is pronounced and delicate. Blooms
earlier than any other Magnolia, and is very striking.

MORUS. Mulberry

M. alba. White Mulberry. (Mm) A bushy -topped tree with light green
foliage, bearing white or sometimes violet-colored fruit.

M, alba, var. Tatarica alba. White -fruited Russian Mulberry. (Sm)
A spreading, low-headed tree with light green, deeply lobed leaves and bear-
ing creamy white fruit.

M. alba, var. Tatarica rubra. Red Russian Mulberry. (S m) Character-
istics same as those of the foregoing, but fruit is deep reddish purple.

M. alba, var. Tatarica pendula. Teas' Weeping Mulberry. (D v) A
beautiful variety that we recommend as one of the thriftiest, hardiest and most
ornamental of weeping trees. The branches are extremely long and slender,
the foliage light green and deeply lobed ; fruit reddish purple.

NEGUNDO. See Acer Negundo

NYSSA

N. sylvatica; syn., multiflora. Tupelo, or Sour Gum. (M v) A
picturesque hardy ornamental tree, valued for its flaming scarlet autumn foliage.
A good grower in any soil, but attains its largest size in damp or swampy
ground.

OXYDENDRUM

O. arboreum ; syn., Andromeda arborea. Sorrel Tree. (Sm) One of
the most ornamental trees in cultivation. The thick, oblong foliage of dark
glossy green is highly attractive at all seasons, and in the autumn it colors
brilliant crimson. The flowers, in July, are borne in dense panicles resembling
small lily-of-the-valley blooms. A valuable tree for shrubberies and along
the borders of woods. It stands shade well and is of easy culture. (See
plate on page 53.)

55

PARROTIA

P. Persica. Persian Iron Tree. (Ss) A dense -growing tree with spread-
ing branches, forming a rounded oval top. The tree closely resembles the
English beech, its foliage being of same size, shape and color, and in the fall
turns to brilliant shades of yellow and crimson. Thrives best in well-drained
soil.

PERSICA. Peach

P. vulgaris, var. alba plena. Double White-flowering Peach. (S m)
A flowering Peach, bearing dense clusters of very beautiful large double white
blossoms in May.

P. vulgaris, var. sanguinea plena. Double Red-flowering Peach. (Sm)
Similar to the above, but with semi-double bright red flowers in May.

P. vulgaris, var. foliis purpureis. Purple -leaved Peach. (Sm) The
foliage of this variety is a deep blood-red color in the spring, changing to a
deep purplish green in late autumn. Flowers are rose-colored and single.

P. vulgaris, var. pyramidalis. Pyramidal Peach. (S s) Of exception-
ally fastigiate form, densely covered with bright rose-pink single flowers.

PHELLODENDRON

P. Amurense. Chinese Cork Tree. (L r) Of rapid growth when
young, forming a low, round head, but becoming eventually a large tree of
spreading form. Foliage is large; flowers greenish white, borne in terminal
panicles. Stands drought and heat well.

PLATANUS. Plane

P. occidentalis. Buttonwood ; American Plane. (L r) Of broad, round -
topped form, and one of the most massive and picturesque of American trees.
The bark on the trunk is brown, but upon the branches there are patches of
grayish green and sometimes creamy white. Extremely effective in winter,
when the varied bark shows strong. A useful field or avenue tree, but for
city planting not as desirable as P. orientalis.

P. orientalis. Oriental Plane, or Buttonwood. (L r) This variety was
not widely used here until we called attention to its desirable features in 1892.
Similar to P. occidentalis, but superior to it in every way, and better for street
planting. One of the finest avenue trees in Europe, and popular in this
country not only for its rapid growth and fine head, but also for the fact that
it is entirely free from worms or insects. Especially desirable for smoky places.
The bark on the trunk and branches is a darker greenish brown than that of
P. o$cidentalis, and the leaves are smaller and deeply cut. (See plate on
page 64.)

POPULUS. Poplar

A class of rapid-growing trees, valuable for quick effects and for screens, while
P. Eolkana and nigra, var. fastigiata are extremely useful in formal gardening.

P. alba, var. Bolleana. Bolle's Poplar. (L r) A variety closely resem-
bling the Lombardy Poplar ; of fastigiate form ; bark grayish green ; the upper
side of the foliage is dull dark green, while the under side is silvery white.

56

DECIDUOUS

POPULUS, continued

P. monilifera; syn., Carolinensis. Carolina Poplar. (Mr) A quick -
growing variety with gray-green bark and bright green, heart-shaped foliage.
A desirable variety for screening unsightly buildings and for temporary plant-
ing to secure immediate effects.

P. monilifera, var. Van Geertii. Van Geert's Golden Poplar. (Mr)
A form of P. monilifera, with bright golden yellow foliage, holding the color
well throughout the season.

P. nigra, var. fastigiata. Lombardy Poplar. (L r) A well -known Italian
variety. An upright and extremely rapid grower, with small bright pale green
leaves, lighter beneath. Valuable for formal work in connection with build-
ings or gardens, and an excellent avenue or lawn tree. In the latter case its
tall, spiral form tends to break and relieve the rounded outlines of other trees,
which are likely to be in the majority in such planting. (See plate on page 54.)

PRUNUS (See, also, Cerasus)

P. Pissardii. Purple -leaved Plum. (S s) One of the most beautiful
hardy trees, and an ornament to any lawn from spring until late fall. During
May it is covered with blush-pink blossoms, which harmonize exquisitely with
the pinkish purple foliage of early spring. The purple foliage, not being
affected by the hot sun, deepens during the summer months and retains its
color late in November.

P. triloba. Flowering Plum. (Ss) A desirable variety, usually grafted
on stems 5 to 6 feet in height, and used as a standard. See, also, Shrubs.

PTELEA. Hop Tree

Very choice lawn trees of small size, with handsome deep green, glossy trifoliate
leaves, which, if bruised, exhale a pleasant, hop-like odor. This odor is especially
noticeable in the seeds, which are borne in dense, showy clusters in late summer.
They are of easiest culture in any soil. The Golden variety is an introduction of
the first merit.

P. trifoliata. Hop Tree. (Ds) A round-headed, loosely branched tree,
with glossy green foliage ; adorned in the fall with numerous clusters of light
green fruit-pods. Prefers a shaded position and moist soil.

P. trifoliata, var. aurea. Golden Hop Tree. (Ds) One of the showiest
golden-foliaged trees in cultivation. The peculiar glossy surface of the foliage
gives an appearance that the leaves have been varnished. It is one of the
highest colored golden-foliaged plants, retaining its color all summer. White
flowers in June.

PTEROSTYRAX

P. hispidum ; syn., Halesia hispida. (Sm) An open-headed tree with
slender, spreading branches, bearing long racemes of white flowers in June.

P. hispida; syn., Halesia. A very showy, open-headed tree with light
green foliage, and bearing in June drooping panicles of fragrant white flowers,
resembling those of the deutzia.

57

PYRUS. Flowering Crab (see, also,

P. baccata. Siberian Flowering Crab Apple. (M v) A small spreading
tree with compact crown ; flowers usually white ; fruit yellowish, tinged with
red, about the size of a cherry. Extremely hardy. (See plate on page 53.)

P. coronaria. Sweet-scented Crab. (Sm) A low, bushy tree with stiff,
crooked, thorny branches. In May it bears very ornamental, sweet-scented,
rosy red or blush flowers.

P. floribunda. Flowering Crab. (D s) An ornamental sort; valuable
for its May flowers, rosy red in bud but opening white, and beautiful fruit in
the autumn.

P. loensis, var. Bechtel. BechtePs Double -flowering Crab. One of the
most ornamental and of recent introduction. It is a good grower, with good
foliage and beautiful large double flowers of delicate blush or shell-pink color,
and highly perfumed. It should be in every collection.

P. Parkmani; syn., Halliana. Parkman's Crab. (D s) A compact
grower, with dark green foliage, which is retained very late. In April its half-
double rose-colored blossoms are equally attractive in bud and flower.

P. spectabilis. Chinese Double -flowering Crab. (Sm) One of the
showiest flowering Apples, bearing in May sweet-scented double white
flowers, coral-red in the bud.

P. spectabilis, var. rosea flore pleno. Double Rose -flowered Crab.
(S m) Similar to the above, but flowers are a deep rose-color.

P. Toringo. Dwarf Crab. (D s) A tree with small white or blush
flowers in spring and small yellow fruit in fall. The color of the fall foliage is
also good.

QUERCUS. Oak

No tree is more majestic and picturesque than a grand old Oak, but one must not
think that the generation which plants Oaks cannot enjoy their beauty, for although
their growth is at first slow, if planted in good soil they will outgrow many other
trees. Few trees have so many good characteristics ; they are hardy, lasting, always
symmetrical, adapted to a variety of soils, and transplant easily.

Q. alba. White Oak. (Lm) A tree with spreading branches, forming a
broad, open head. Bark light gray ; leaves narrow-obtuse, bright green above
and glaucescent beneath. The foliage takes on a deep purple color in fall.
One of the noblest trees of the northern states and a beautiful lawn tree,
requiring space for its best development.

Q. bicolor. Swamp White Oak. (Lm) A round-topped, open-headed
tree with grayish brown scaly bark and dark green foliage, which turns bronzy
brown in the fall and remains on the tree late in the winter. A good lawn or
field tree.

Q. Cerris. Turkey Oak. (Lm) A broad, pyramidal, open-headed tree
with short, spreading branches. The oblong leaves are dark green. A very
ornamental variety.

Q. coccinea. Scarlet Oak. (L r) A grand round-topped tree with bright
green, deeply cut foliage, which turns to brilliant scarlet in the autumn. De-
sirable for lawn or street planting.

58

DECIDI/OUS

QUE-RCUS, continued

Q. imbricaria. Laurel Oak. (Ls) A round-topped tree, somewhat
pyramidal when young. Branches slender and pendulous. The oblong,
laurel-like leaves are dark and glossy and the rich, reddish bronze autumn
foliage very handsome. A grand lawn tree.

Q. macrocarpa. Mossy Cup Oak. (L r) A broad-headed tree, with
spreading branches and light brown, corky bark. The large, shining, bright
green leaves take a deep bronze fall color. The cup of the large acorn is very
deep and mossy.

Q. palustris. Pin Oak. (L r) A round -topped tree, quite pyramidal in
its younger stages. Growth very upright ; branches long and somewhat pen-
dulous ; foliage dark green, deeply cut, and in the autumn turning to spark-
ling gold and crimson shades. Unsurpassed for fall color. Transplants
easily, grows well in wet or dry ground, and is one of the very finest trees for
lawn planting. (See plate on page 63.)

Q. pedunculata, var. Concordia. Golden Oak. (Mm) A spreading,
broad-topped tree, with oblong, golden yellow foliage.

Q. Phellos. Willow Oak. (Ms) Of rather conical form, with slender
branches and short, narrow, bright green leaves, which turn yellow in the fall.
A tree of willowy aspect, preferring a moist soil.

Q. Prinus. Rock Chestnut Oak. (L r) A broad, irregular tree, with
deeply ridged brown bark. The long, light green leaves closely resemble
those of the American chestnut, and it takes for its fall color shades of scarlet,
bronze and golden yellow. A good grower in light, dry soils.

Q. Robur. English Oak. (Mm) A round-headed, spreading tree, with
long, divided foliage of light green, which is retained very late.

Q. Robur, var. fastigiata. Pyramidal English Oak. (Ss) A form of
very upright growth. Foliage smaller and less deeply cut than Q. robur.
A good tree for small places and formal plantings.

Q. rubra. Red Oak. (Lr) A broad, symmetrical, spreading tree, with
stout branches. The dark green foliage is very rich, and turns to bronzy red
in the autumn. One of the best Oaks for lawn planting and unsurpassed for
street use. Transplants easily and is adapted to various soils.

Q. velutina; syn., tinctoria. Black Oak. (Lr) A narrow, open-
headed tree, with rather slender branches and broad, dull green leaves, not
much divided. A good sort for dry soils and for street or lawn planting.

RHUS. Sumac

Trees with ornamental foliage, and in some instances showy flowers in dense
spikes, followed by ornamental fruits. These sorts are especially valuable for
grouping with other trees and shrubs for foliage effects, as the autumn colors are
brilliant. Adapted to a great variety of soils and situations.

R. glabra. Smooth Sumac. (Sm) This forms a broad, low, open head.
The leaves are long and narrow ; flowers yellowish white, in terminal panicles;
fruit crimson. A desirable sort for specimen or mass planting.

59

RHUS, continued

R. glabra, var. laciniata. Cut-leaved Sumac. (D s) A beautiful low
variety of the preceding, with leaves of very large size, deeply cut, and droop-
ing gracefully from the branches. Autumnal color a rich red.

R. semialata, var. Osbeckii. Osbeck's Chinese Sumac. (Sm) A fine
broad-headed tree, with deep glossy green foliage, of subtropical appearance,
which in autumn turns to shades of red and orange. The broad, terminal
panicles of creamy white flowers in July add much to its beauty.

R. typhina. Staghorn Sumac. (S r) A densely hairy species, with ob-
long-lanceolate leaves ; flowers in dense, terminal panicles and fruit in red
clusters. Fall color of foliage is most brilliant. A good grower in light, dry
soils, and useful for planting on steep banks.

ROBINIA. Locust

Showy-foliaged trees, adapted to most soils, and thriving particularly well in
poor, dry situations. All with showy flowers, borne in dense, drooping panicles,
and very abundant.

R. Pseudacacia. Black Locust. (Lr) An ornamental tree, with long,
oval leaves, producing racemes of fragrant white flowers in June. (See plate
on page 54.)

R. Pseudacacia, var. foliis aureis. Golden-leaved Locust. (Mr) A
form of the above, with foliage of a rich golden yellow, which, combined with
its lace-like appearance, makes it one of the handsomest ornamental trees.

SALISBURIA

S. adiantifolia. Gingko, or Maidenhair Tree. (Mr) An ornamental
variety of vigorous growth, with clean, straight trunk and irregularly disposed
branches ; bark clean and pretty ; foliage leathery, closely resembling in shape
the Maidenhair Fern.

SALIX. Willow

One of the most valuable classes of ornamental trees and adapted to various
soils and situations. They are mostly rapid growers, with good foliage, their bright
bark giving distinct and pleasing winter effects. Indeed there are few trees of
which the varieties can be used to such good advantage for the winter color of their
bark. The Royal, Weeping, Golden Weeping, Laurel-leaved, Yellow and Salmon-
barked Willows, give all shades of greens and yellows, and the latter variety shades
off into deep, rich, bronzy red.

S. alba, var. regalis. Royal Willow. (L r) A strong, sturdy and very
hardy variety. Its silver-gray foliage is rich and ornamental.

Weeping Willow. (Lr) Probably the best known of
The long and slender branches give it a graceful, weeping

S. Babylonica.

the Willows.
habit.

S. caprea. Goat Willow. (Sv) Sometimes known as the Pussy
Willow, from its fuzzy catkins or aments, which expand before the leaves
appear. A most useful variety for early effects.

60

DECIDUOUS

SALIX, continued

S. caprea, var. pendula. Kilmarnock Willow. A weeping form, usually
grafted on 4- to 6-foot stems, when it forms an umbrella-shaped top. Care
must be taken not to allow the stock upon which it is grafted to sprout.

S. elegantissima. Thurlow's Willow. (Lr) A spreading, drooping
tree with grayish green bark and foliage similar to S. Babylonica, but said to be
hardier in the northern states.

S. incana; syn., rosmarinifolia. Rosemary Willow. (Ds) A dwarf
sort, with long, slender branches and light grayish green foliage. Usually
grafted on 5- to 6-foot stems and used as standards, when they form a dense,
round top. Useful in formal plantings.

S. laurifolia. See S. pentandra.

S. lutea. Golden Willow. (L r) A strong, upright grower, with slim,
pendulous branches, light green foliage and beautiful clean bright golden
yellow bark. This is one of the finest Willows ; excellent for lawn or field
planting, and of special value for its winter effect, as the bright bark shows in
strong contrast with the greens and browns of other trees.

S. lutea, var. pendula. Golden Weeping Willow. (Lr) A form of the
above, with graceful, drooping branches. The habit is good and the color
unsurpassed. A valuable sort for winter effects.

S. pentandra. Bay-, or Laurel-leaved Willow. (M v) An ornamental
variety of upright growth, forming a round head. Bark is brownish green ;
foliage of a deep shining green, closely resembling that of the laurel. A
valuable tree for seashore planting, and thrives equally well in high or low
ground.

S. purpurea. Purple Osier Willow. (Ds) A spreading tree with long,
flexible branches ; leaves long and slender ; bark deep purplish red. Very
effective in winter.

S. purpurea, var. pendula. New American Willow. (D s) A slow-
growing form of purpurea, generally used as standards by grafting on 5- or
6-foot stems, when it forms an interesting and decorative plant. The habit is
very graceful.

S. Sieboldii. Siebold's Willow. (Mr) A dense, heavy -branched tree,
with brownish green bark blotched with gray.

S. vitellina. Yellow Willow. (Lm) A good grower, forming a rounded
head. The bark is yellow, that of the newer growth very bright, and the foli-
age is light green. Showy in the winter months.

S. vitellina, var. Britzensis. Salmon-barked Willow. (Lm) A form
of S. vitellina, but bark on the younger growth is a salmon-yellow, deepening
in shade to bronzy red in the winter months.

SASSAFRAS

S. officinalis. A spreading, round-topped tree, with bark varying from
brown to light green. The foliage is bright green, oddly shaped, and in the
autumn turns to brilliant orange-yellow and crimson. A picturesque native,
which is quite useful for ornamental planting.

61

ANDORRA WHRiSERZES
Ch&stnut&ill, 'Philadelphia

SOPHORA

S. Japonica. Japanese Sophora. (Mm) One of the finest of orna-
mental-flowering trees, being elegant in its shining green foliage, and in
August, when covered with clusters of white bloom, is highly attractive. It
has such a different style of growth from that of most other trees that it is
indispensable in both large and small gardens. For a lawn this is a really
perfect tree.

S. Japonica, var. pendula. Weeping Sophora. (Ss) This distinctively
graceful drooping tree is well known only to a few. Its succession of curves,
each overlapping the former one, and its beautiful trusses of refreshing light green
foliage are really superb. In August it is covered with numerous clusters of
creamy white flowers.

SORBUS. Mountain Ash

A class of showy, medium-sized trees, of great beauty of foliage and fruit ;
adapted to all soils and situations. This tree seldom requires pruning, takes up
but little room, and is especially valuable for small places.

S. Americana. American Mountain Ash. (Sm) A compact, oval-
headed tree, with dark green, compound foliage and showy clusters of bright
red berries.

S. Aucuparia. European Mountain Ash. (S m) A pretty tree, with
fine, pinnate foliage ; bears numerous clusters of bright red berries, which
are very conspicuous and handsome from midsummer till frost.

S. Aucuparia, var. pendula. Weeping European Mountain Ash. (D m)
A beautiful variety of decidedly pendulous habit ; covered from July until
winter with great clusters of bright scarlet berries.

S. Aucuparia, var. quercifolia. Oak-leaved Mountain Ash. (Sm) A
hardy tree, of fine, pyramidal habit. Foliage deeply lobed, bright green
above and downy beneath. One of the finest lawn trees.

TAXODIUM

T. distichum. Deciduous Cypress. (L r) A beautiful stately tree of
pyramidal form. The branches are covered with bright brown bark, and the
beautiful feathery foliage makes it one of the most ornamental trees offered.
It should be more extensively planted.

TILIA. Linden

T.Americana. American Linden, or Basswood. (L r) A vigorous
grower of pyramidal habit when young, but eventually a large, round-headed
tree. Its foliage is very large and of a light green color. One of the best
ornamental trees; valuable for avenues and most useful as a specimen. (See
plate on page 63.)

T. argentea; syn., tomentosa. Silver-leaved Linden. (L r) A vigor-
ous growing tree of pyramidal form, with cordate acuminate leaves, downy
beneath and smooth above. It is particularly noticeable among other trees by
its white appearance. Its handsome form, growth and foliage render it worthy,
in our opinion, to be classed among the finest of ornamental trees.

62

Tilia Americana. See page 62.

Quercus palustris. See page 59.

Platanus orientalis. See page 56.

TILIA, continued

T. dasystyla. Crimean Linden. (Mm) A variety of fine form, with
thick, deep green, glossy foliage. The bright green bark of the younger
growth shows well in winter.

T. platyphyllos. Large-leaved Linden. (L r) A broad-topped tree,
with foliage larger than any other variety of this family. It flowers quite early
in the spring. A desirable avenue or lawn tree.

T. platyphyllos, var. aurea. Golden-barked Linden. (Mm) A va-
riety in which the younger growth is bright yellow, therefore distinct and
attractive in winter.

T. vulgaris ; syn., Europaea. European Linden. (L m) A vigorous
grower, not as large as T. platyphyllos and blooms later. The foliage is smaller
and green on both sides.

T. vulgaris, var. rubra. Red -barked Linden. (Mm) This variety forms
a dense round-topped tree. The bark on branches is a dark purplish red and
very showy in winter. The foliage, of medium size, is dark green.

ULMUS. Elm

An exceptionally desirable class of trees, requiring a rich, moist soil for their
best development. They are excellent lawn trees, and the American, English and
Huntingdon Elms are valuable for street and avenue planting. It is throughout
New England that we find the finest specimens, and the grand avenues planted
with these trees in many of the eastern cities have become so well known that the
Elm is always associated with New England.

U. Americana. American Elm. (Lr) A magnificent native tree, with a
wide arching top and pendulous branches. The rough leaves are dull green.
One of the most characteristic and picturesque of American trees.

U. campestris. English Elm. (Lm) A round -topped and sometimes
open-headed tree, generally densely branched. The dark green leaves remain
much longer in the autumn than those of the American variety.

U. campestris, var. latifolia ; syn., major. Broad-leaved English Elm.
(L r) A good strong grower. The foliage larger than that of the species and
expands very early in the spring.

U. scabra; syn., montana. Scotch, or Wych Elm. (L r) This forms
a broad, round-topped head, with heavy, spreading branches. Perfectly hardy
and an extremely good sort.

U. scabra, var. Huntingdoni. Huntingdon Elm. (Lr) An excellent,
vigorous grower of erect habit. Bark smooth ; foliage dark green. One of
the best.

U. scabra, var. pendula. Camperdown Elm. (Ds) A dwarf form, used
as a standard by grafting on 6- to 8-foot stems, when it forms a broad, spread-
ing, umbrella-shaped top. One of the best weepers.

U. scabra, var. purpurea. Purple Wych Elm. (Mm) A neat-growing
form, with purple foliage. Somewhat smaller than U. scabra.

VIRGILIA. See Cladrastis

65

Chestnut-im, 'Philadelphi

MEMORANDA

THE beauty of any grounds can be greatly enhanced by judicious plantations
of Hardy Shrubs, and varieties can be selected that will give flowers through-
out the summer, handsome colored foliage in autumn, and berries lasting well into
the winter.

ABBREVIATIONS
Denoting size: L, large; M, medium; S, small; D, dwarf; VD, very dwarf.

ABELIA

A. floribunda. (S) A free -flowering, half -evergreen shrub, with dark
glossy foliage and white blossoms blushed with pink. Flowers throughout the
summer. Habit pendulous and graceful.

ACANTHOPANAX

A. spinosa; syn., Aralia. (L) An excellent shrub, with slim branches
covered with sharp thorns and shining, bright green foliage. Makes a grand
hedge plant and does well on rocky, hilly banks.

^SCULUS

A. parviflora ; syn., Pavia macrostachya. (L) A dwarf variety of
Horse-Chestnut of great beauty. Forms a broad round bush with deep green
foliage, and in July bears a mass of beautiful upright spikes of white blossoms.
(See plate on page 70.)

ALTHAEA. See Hibiscus

AMELANCHIER

A. Botryapium. Juneberry. (S) A dwarf shrub with glabrous foliage,
bearing white flowers in late April, followed by edible, dark red berries.
(See plate on page 70.)

AMORPHA

A. canescens. Lead Plant. (S) A handsome free -flowering shrub.
Habit dense, foliage pinnate, blue flowers in dense terminal panicles in June.
Useful for shrubberies or rockeries. Prefers a sunny and well-drained
position.

A. fruticosa. False Indigo. (L) A large, spreading bush with pinnate
leaves and slender spikes of deep purple flowers, which bloom in June after
most of the spring-flowering shrubs are over.

AMYGDALUS. Almond. See Prunus
ARONIA FLORIBUNDA. See Pyrus

67

AZALEAS

NATIVE SORTS

Beautiful small- and medium-sized shrubs, well adapted for shrubbery borders
and rocky places, but most at home when bordering heavy plantings or woods, and
in damp and boggy soils. They are prolific bloomers and the flowers are useful
for cutting, as well as exceedingly effective on the plants.

A., arborescens. Fragrant White Azalea. (M) A good grower; in
June bears large quantities of flowers, white tinged with rose, and very fra-
grant. Foliage turns to crimson in the fall. (See plate on page 75.)

A., calendulacea. Flame Azalea. (M) One of the showiest. In late
May and June the orange-red blossoms make the whole plant a blaze of color.

A. nudiflora. Pinxter Flower. (S) Perhaps better known as the
"Woods Honeysuckle." Does especially well in swampy places. Deep
pink to reddish purple flowers in May.

A. Vaseyi. Southern Azalea. (M) A tall, slim grower, bearing rosy
white flowers in April before its leaves appear. Foliage colors dark crim-
son in the fall.

A. viscosa. White Azalea. This sort bears fragrant rosy white flowers
in late June or July.

AZALEA MOLLIS AND GHENT VARIETIES

We offer a splendid collection of these beautiful shrubs, including only the
best hardy varieties selected from a large number. The flowers appear in great
profusion in the spring, literally covering twig and branch with their varied and
gorgeous hues. Planted either in groups or borders the effect is charming. Treat
them the same as rhododendrons, with which they may well be combined to a
most excellent effect.

A. mollis. (S) This is a race of excellent habit and good foliage, pro-
ducing large trusses of flowers of all shades of red, white, yellow and orange.
The flowers are larger and more perfect than those of the Pontica varieties,
and resemble those of the early rhododendrons. They are perfectly hardy,
thriving in sunny positions anywhere on the home grounds.

A. Pontica. Ghent. (S) The flowers appear in great profusion in the
spring, literally covering twig and branch, the colors ranging from white
to deep crimson ; many of them are fragrant.

BACCHARIS

A. haiimifolia. Groundsel Shrub. (L) The flower is a snow-white

pappus, which is very showy, covering the p/ant in September. A good plant
for the seashore. Thrives best in sunny, well-drained situations.

BENZOIN

B. odoriferum. Spice Bush. (L) A strong- growing shrub with bright

green foliage, turning to bright yellow in the fall. The yellow flowers appear
before the leaves in spring, and in autumn the red berries are quite attractive.

68

• I

Office of Andorra Nurseries.

Hardy Herbaceous Plants at Andorra Nurseries.

No. i. Flowers of Amelanchier Botryapium. See page 67.

No. 2, ^Esculus parviflora (Dwarf Horse-chestnut). See page 67.

DECID170173 SHRUBS

BERBERIS. Barberry

One of the most useful and ornamental species. They thrive best in well-
drained positions, even when quite dry. For shrubberies they are unsurpassed,
giving flower, fruit and fall-colored foliage, while for hedges their close-growing
habit and sharp spines make a desirable combination. They stand close shearing
but give best effects when not cut too closely.

B. buxifolia, var. nana ; syn., dulcis. (5) A free-flowering shrub of
graceful habit. The yellow flowers are quite showy and are followed by black
berries.

B. ilicifolia. Holly-leaved. (S) A good grower with dark glossy
spiny foliage, which remains late in the winter. The orange-yellow flowers
are quite showy.

B. Japonica. Japanese Barberry. (M) A bushy grower, but of more
open form and less branched than (B. Thunbergii. Foliage somewhat larger,
and colors well in the fall ; crimson berries. An excellent hedge plant.

B. Sinensis. Chinese Barberry. (M) A handsome form, with slender
graceful branches and very spiny bright green foliage, which turns to purplish
bronze in the fall. Flowers bright yellow ; berries blood-red.

B. Thunbergii. Thunberg's Japanese Barberry. (M) Of low, spread-
ing growth, forming a dense impenetrable bush. The twiggy branches are
set with very small sharp thorns, and in spring are covered with small yellow
flowers, succeeded by brilliant scarlet berries which cling through the winter.
The foliage takes a splendid autumn coloring of gold and scarlet. A valuable
hedge plant, especially interesting because of the graceful droop of its branches.

B. vulgaris. Common Barberry. (M) An upright grower, with thorny
branches and pretty light green foliage. The yellow flowers of early summer
are followed by dark red berries. Makes a good hedge.

B. vulgaris, var. purpurea. Purple Barberry. (M) Similar to B. vul-

garis in habit, but foliage is a deep purple. A showy and most effective shrub.

CALLICARPA

C. purpurea. Beauty-Fruit. (5) A graceful shrub with long, slender

branches, bearing small, long, drooping flowers in August, followed by violet-
colored berries which literally cover the branches. One of the showiest
shrubs in the fall.

CALYCANTHUS

C. floridus. Allspice, or Sweet Shrub. (L) Best known as the " Sweet
Shrub." A strong, upright grower with large, handsome foliage and fragrant
purplish brown flowers. Thrives either in sunny or shady places.

CARAGANA

C. arborescens. Siberian Pea. (L) An upright grower and very hardy.
The foliage is light green, and the bright yellow flowers are borne in profusion
in May and June.

71

CARYOPTERIS

C. Mastacanthus. Blue Spirea. (S) A low spreading shrub which
sometimes dies back to the ground in winter. The foliage is a grayish green,
and the mass of August flowers are violet-blue and very effective.

CEANOTHUS

C. Americanus. Jersey Tea. (S) An upright -growing shrub with bright
green foliage, producing white flowers in June. Valuable for dry and shady
places.

C. Fendleri. Colorado Tea. (VD) Of low, almost creeping habit;
foliage almost evergreen. In July it is covered with small spikes of pure
white flowers. A valuable sort for covering dry or sandy banks ; perfectly
hardy.

CERCIS (See also Deciduous Trees)

C. Japonica. Japan Judas. (L) Generally more of a bush than tree.
The shining dark green heart-shaped foliage is thick and leathery, and the
purplish pink flowers, produced before the leaves appear, cover the branches
and make it one of the choicest spring-flowering shrubs.

CHIONANTHUS

C. Virginica. White Fringe. (L) A vigorous grower, with large dark
green foliage and bearing beautiful fringe-like flowers in terminal panicles in
late May and June. The fruit is large and turns to dark purple in the fall.

CITRUS

C. trifoliata; syn., Limonia. Hardy Trifoliate Orange. (M) A vigor-
ous, dense-growing bush, the strong branches being armed with long, stiff
thorns. The foliage is deep glossy green, against which the white "orange
blossoms" are very showy. Fruit is a small orange, not edible. This is a
most valuable and impenetrable defensive hedge plant, though it has been but
little used in the North. We recommend it.

CLETHRA

C. acuminata. (L) A strong grower with showy racemes of white flowers
in September. Does best in sandy soil.

C. alnifolia. Sweet Pepper Bush. (M) A neat -growing shrub, with
rich green foliage, and in July and September showy spikes of fragrant white
flowers. Grows best in sandy soil.

COLUTEA

C. arbprescens. Bladder Senna. (L) A rapid -growing shrub, with
delicate acacia-like foliage of light green. The yellow and brownish red
flowers are borne in long racemes during the summer and are followed by
showy red seed-pods. Thrives best in a dry, sunny position.

72

COMPTONIA

C. asplenifolia. Sweet Fern. (VD) An attractive shrub with scented,
fern-like foliage. Valuable as an undergrowth. Will grow in dry soil.

CORCHORUS

C. Japonicus, Double. See Kerria.

C. Japonicus, Single. Globe Flower. (M) A very neat shrub with
bright green, pointed leaves and large yellow blossoms of great beauty. No
shrub grows easier or blooms more constantly. Most useful for planting
on banks and slopes.

C. Japonicus, var. variegata. (5) A form in which the foliage is prettily
marked with white. The flowers are yellow.

CORNUS (See also Trees)

C. alba. Siberian Dogwood. (L) A strong grower, with erect stem and
stout, bright red branches. Useful for shrubberies, and for winter effects.

C. alba, var. aurea variegata. (M) A strong grower, with coral -red
bark and foliage beautifully marked with creamy white.

C. alba, var. elegantissima. Golden -leaved. (M) Similar to the above.
Foliage marked with deep yellow and holds its color even in sunny situations.

C. alternifolia. (L) A very distinct and graceful form. The branches,
arranged in whorls, give the effect of lying in tiers. The bark is glossy.
The flowers and the dark blue berries which follow are very attractive.

C. Mas. Cornelian Cherry. (L) A beautiful shrub of dense form,
with glossy foliage and yellow flowers in March and April, followed by scarlet
berries in the fall.

C. sanguinea. European Osier Dogwood. (M) This variety is of much
lighter and more upright growth than C. alba. The branches are deep red or
purplish red, and the greenish white flowers in May and June are followed by
black fruit in the fall.

C. sanguinea, var. elegantissima variegata. (M) One of the most
desirable shrubs with variegated foliage. The leaves are marked with white,
contrasting strongly with the deep red bark.

C. sericea. Silky Dogwood. (M) A variety with deep red bark and
foliage dark green above and paler beneath. The flowers in June and July
are followed by bluish berries in autumn.

C. stolonifera. Native Red Osier. (M) Bark dark red. Flowers in
dense cymes, followed by white berries.

CORYLUS

C. Avellana, var. laciniata. Cut -leaved Hazel. (L) A beautiful shrub
with deeply cut foliage. A valuable sort for shrubberies.

C. maxima, var. purpurea. Purple Hazel. (L) The best purple -foliaged
shrub. The foliage is large and holds its color throughout the summer.

73

COTON EASTER (See, also, Evergreen Shrubs)

C. frigida, yar. bacillaris. Staff-like. (M) A stiff-growing sort, with
small foliage and dark brown berries.

CRAT^EGUS. See Deciduous Trees

CYDONIA

C. Japonica. Japan Quince. (M) A dense, twiggy bush, its branches
covered with sharp, stout spines and dark, glossy foliage. It is a prolific
bloomer, and in May the plant is a blaze of color. The quince-shaped, fra-
grant fruit of golden yellow remain a long time in the summer. The follow-
ing named sorts are true to color.

C. Japonica, var. alba. Blush white; single.

C. Japonica, var. candidissima. White; single.

C. Japonica, var. grandiflora rosea. Rose.

C. Japonica, var. sanguinea pleno. Scarlet; double.

C. Japonica, var. sulfurea perfecta. Pale yellow.

C. Maulei, var. tricolor. (FD) The foliage is prettily marked with
creamy white, rose and pink. The colors stand well in the sun and the plant
makes an attractive border to larger shrubbery.

CYTISUS

C. purpurea. (VD) A procumbent shrub with dark green foliage and
purple flowers in May and June, followed by black seed-pods. A good plant
for the border of shrubberies. Useful in dry and gravelly soils.

C. scoparius. Scotch Broom. (M) A beautiful plant with deep green
bark and foliage. In May and June it is covered with bright yellow, pea-
shaped flowers. Useful for covering rocky and waste places, and a good plant
for the seashore.

C. scoparius, var. Andreanus. (S) A form not as hardy as C. scoparius.

The yellow flowers have crimson wings. A beautiful plant, but needs protection.

DAPHNE

D. Genkwa. (S) A dainty, slender shrub, producing beautiful fragrant

lilac-colored flowers in March or early April, before the leaves appear. A good
plant for bordering shrubberies, and valuable as an early bloomer.

DESMODIUM PENDULIFLORUM. See Lespedeza Sieboldi

DEUTZIA

A successful species, as it numbers both large- and small-growing varieties,
useful alike for specimens, backing shrubberies, or for bordering them. They
thrive well in any well-drained soil, and are profuse bloomers.

D. crenata, var. candidissima. Double White Deutzia. (L) A vigor-
ous, graceful grower, with double white flowers. June.

74

No. i, Flowers of Azalea arborescens. See page 68.
No. 2, Forsythia Fortunei. See page 80.

Hibiscus Syriacus.

See page 80.

DECID17O173 SHXgBtf

DEUTZIA, continued

D. crenata, var. rosea plena. Double Pink Deutzia. (L) A strong
grower, with flowers tinted with rosy white. June.

D. crenata, var. Pride of Rochester. (L) Flowers double, white, back
of petals tinted with rose ; large and early. May.

D. crenata, var. Waterer. (L) A vigorous grower, with large double
pink flowers, opening very flat. A desirable sort.

D. crenata Wellsi. (L) A strong-growing form with single white
flowers.

D. gracilis. Dwarf Deutzia. (S) A dense, low bush, equally valuable
for shrubberies and forcing. In May it is covered with pure white flowers.
One of the best.

D. gracilis, var. carminea. Hybrid. (S) A form like D. gracilis. Foli-
age dark green; branches slim; flowers of medium size and carmine in bud,
opening clear rose, carmine underneath. Branches are arched by weight of
the flowers. New.

D. gracilis, var. foliis aureis. (S) With golden leaves. As hardy as the

Golden Philadelphus. New.

D. gracilis, var. rosea. (S) An exceedingly floriferous form. Flowers

ashy rose, clear rose in the center. New.

D. gracilis, var. Boule de Neige. Hybrid. (S) In habit and growth
resembling T>. gracilis. The tops of the branches are loaded with numerous
compact spikes of beautiful creamy white flowers.

D. Kalmiseflora. Hybrid. (L) A vigorous plant, bearing in May large
umbels of flowers, rosy red in the bud and opening white, slightly tinted with
rose. Aspect of flowers is quite new ; they resemble the umbels of a kalmia.

D. Lemoinei. Hybrid. (M) An early bloomer, the branches covered
with erect panicles of pure white, well-opened flowers.

D. Lemoinei compacta. Hybrid. (M) Similar to Lemoinei, but of
very compact habit.

D. parviflora. (L) An erect shrub giving a profusion of white flowers in
June in large corymbs. One of the best.

D. scabra. (M) A vigorous grower, with rough dull green foliage and
clusters of showy double white bell-shaped flowers in June and July.

DIER VILLA. Weigela

One of the most popular and showy of flowering shrubs. Adapted to all soils
and most situations. In late May and June the branches are bent beneath the
abundance of flowers which cover the entire branches.

D. florida; syn., rosea. (L) A strong, vigorous grower, with good foli-
age and abundant bloom. Flowers rose.

D. florida, var. amabilis. (M) A good grower and prolific bloomer.
Flowers deep rose.

77

DIERVILLA, continued

D. florida, var. Candida. (M) A vigorous grower and profuse bloomer.
Flowers of pure white, being produced in great clusters in June and occasion-
ally throughout the summer.

D. florida, var. Kosteriana aurea variegata. (S) A dwarf form. Foli-
age is bordered with yellow and the flowers are deep rose. An excellent sort.

D. florida nana, var. aurea variegata. (S) A dwarf sort with pale rose-
colored flowers and foliage marked with yellow.

D. florida, var. Sieboldi alba variegata. (M) An upright form. Foliage
margined with creamy white, changing to pure white; flowers clear rose.
One of the best of shrubs with variegated foliage.

D. floribunda. (L) A strong grower and profuse bloomer. Flowers
small, brownish crimson in bud and opening bright crimson.

D. floribunda, var. Lavallei. (M} Has bright deep crimson flowers.

D. floribunda, var. versicolor. (M ) Flowers greenish white, changing
to crimson.

D. Groenewegeni. (L) A strong grower and abundant bloomer. Flowers
red outside and white within, striped with yellowish red.

DIERVILLA HYBRIDS

D., var. Desboisi. (M) A good grower and an abundant bloomer.
Flowers deep rose.

D., var. Duchartre. (M) An excellent free -flowering variety, with
blooms of deep amaranth. Very dark and extra good.

D., var. Eva Rathke. (L) An erect grower and profuse bloomer. The
flowers are dark carmine-red.

D., var. Mad. Coutourier. (M) A medium grower. Flowers yellow-
ish white, changing to pink.

D., var. Mont Blanc. (L) Extremely vigorous growth; flowers large,
pure white. A superior variety.

D., var. Saturne. (L) A strong grower, with large, well-opened flowers
of carmine-red. Much darker than var. Eva Rathke.

D., var. Steltzneri. (L) A strong grower and abundant bloomer.
Flowers dark red.

D., var. Van Houttei. (M) A good grower, with clear carmine flowers.

D. Japonica; syn., Hortensis, var. floribunda. (M} Of slower growth
than the type, but a profuse bloomer. Flowers of rosy carmine.

D. Japonica, var. nivea. (M) Produces an abundance of pure white
flowers.

D. Japonica, var. rubra. (M) A good bloomer; deep crimson flowers.

IX Lonicera; syn., D. trifida. (S) Resembles in habit the Weigela, to
which family it belongs. Of somewhat spreading form, producing yellow
flowers in June.

78

DECID170173 SHI^/BS

DIRCA

D. palustrus. Leatherwood. (L) A strong -growing bush, sometimes

of tree form, with smooth, oblong green leaves and abundant small yellow
flowers very early in the spring.

EL^EAGNUS

E. angustifolia. Oleaster. (L) A large shrub, sometimes of tree form,

with long, narrow, silvery green foliage. The flowers are yellow, followed
by yellow fruit.

E. longipes ; syn., edulus. Japanese Oleaster. (M) A strong, bushy
grower. The foliage is dark green above and silvery beneath, and the fragrant
yellowish white flowers of April and May are followed by edible scarlet fruits,
ripening about July. A very showy shrub.

E. parvifolia. (L) A rather erect grower with spiny stems and spread-
ing branches. The long, narrow green foliage is very silvery beneath. The
yellowish white flowers in May are fragrant and the fruit, silvery when young,
is pink when ripe in July.

EUONYMUS

Very ornamental, showy shrubs, useful for seashore planting. Especially
attractive for their showy fruit and the fall color of the foliage.

E. alatus. Cork Bark. (M) A compact grower, with corky bark, small
foliage and yellowish flowers, followed by red fruits. The foliage turns to
bright red in the fall.

E.Americana. Strawberry Bush. (M) A slender grower of dense habit.
Foliage is light green ; flowers reddish green, appearing in June. Fruits crim-
son-pink and very showy.

E. atropurpureus. Burning Bush. (Z,) A strong grower, with broad
green foliage and purple flowers in June, followed by scarlet fruits.

E. Europaeus. Spindle Tree. (L) Of vigorous, compact growth, some-
times forming a small tree. Foliage is broad and deep green, turning to crim-
son in the fall. The flowers are followed by orange-scarlet fruits.

E. latifolius. (L) A strong grower, with broad, deep green foliage and
very large, showy scarlet fruits.

E. nanus. (VD) A low, prostrate shrub, with slender, arching branches.
The glossy dark green foliage turns purple in the fall and remains very late.
Excellent for rocky situations.

EXOCHORDA

E. grandiflora. Pearl Bush. (L) A Chinese shrub of the highest
ornamental merit. Of rapid growth and producing in May numerous loose
clusters of pure white, starry flowers, with a peculiar tint at the center. The
flowers are of large size individually, and the clusters are produced in great
profusion, giving a very rich effect. One of the very best.

79

FORSYTHIA. Golden Bell

Indispensable choice spring-blooming shrubs of easy culture, vigorous growth
and free-flowering habit. They are among the earliest to bloom, sometimes flower-
ing in March ; the bright golden blossoms are produced before the foliage.

F. Fortunei. (M) Of upright growth, broad, deep, dark green foliage
and bright yellow flowers in April. (See Plate on page 75.)

F. Fortunei, var. aurea variegata. Golden -leaved Forsythia. (M) A
fine novelty. The deep green leaves are margined with deep yellow, and, con-
trary to most plants with variegated foliage, it shows best when planted in
sunny places.

F. intermedia. (L) A form with erect, arching branches, foliage re-
sembling F. viridissima, and blossoms like F. Fortunei. Very floriferous.

F. suspensa. (M) A beautiful weeping form with long, pendulous
branches, pretty green foliage and golden yellow flowers in early April.

F. viridissima. (M) Of rather straggling growth, with good green foli-
age and deep yellow flowers in early April.

HAMAMELIS

H. Virginiana. Witch Hazel. (L) Tall shrub; oval, slightly downy
leaves, like the hazel ; flowers yellow, remarkable for their appearance late in
autumn, just as the leaves are turning and about to fall. The foliage turns
to brilliant yellow-orange and purple shades.

HIBISCUS SYRIACUS. Althaea; Rose of Sharon

One of the best-known ornamental shrubs, thriving best in good soil, and
valuable for their late blooming. The foliage rich green, and the flowers large and
showy. A valuable hedge plant, as it submits readily to clipping. See Plates on

pages 76 and 82.

Var. Boule de Feu. (L) Single, violet-red flowers; showy.

Var. camellaeflorus. (L) Double; white, with light pink center.

Var. Count de Flandre. (L) Double; dark red.

Var. Jeanne d'Arc. (L) Double; pure white. A superior variety.

Var. Lady Stanley. (L) Double; blush white.

Var. Leopoldi. (L) Double; flesh shaded to rose.

Var. purpurea foliis argentea marginata. (M) Double, purple flowers;
leaves margined with a deep band of creamy white.

Var. rubus. Ruby. (L) Large, well -opened, ruby -red flowers.
Var. totus albus. (L) Single; pure white. One of the best.

HIPPOPHAE. See Buckthorn

H. rhamnoides. (L) A stiff, irregular shrub, with grayish green foliage,
quite silvery beneath. Flowers in May are small and yellow, but the chief
beauty is the peculiar foliage and the showy orange-colored fruits, ripening in
September.

80

Hydrangea paniculata grandiflora. See page 83.

Hydrangea paniculata grandiflora. See page 83.

Hedge of Hibiscus Syriacus. See page 80.

HYDRANGEA

No class of shrubs have showier flowers nor are more generally known, but we
ask attention to Hydrangea paniculata (not H. p. grandiflora) and H. qucrcifolia, as
two sorts which should be more generally planted.

H. arborescens. (M) A native sort which does well in the shade. Foli-
age of fine color, and the white flowers, in flat corymbs, appear in June.

H. Hortensis, var. Imperatrice Eugenie. (S) A strong grower, with
good dark green foliage and pink flowers in midsummer. Should have winter
protection.

H. Hortensis, var. Japonica. (S) A dwarf grower; foliage dark green;
flowers blue.

H. Hortensis, var. Otaksa. (S) A vigorous grower, of dwarf habit,
forming a dense bush. Foliage deep green; flowers pink or blue. Should
have winter protection.

H. paniculata. (L) A vigorous grower, with light green foliage and
bearing in September large, upright panicles of creamy white flowers, the sterile
flowers turning later to purple.

H. paniculata grandiflora. (L) This popular hardy shrub, having been
planted extensively during recent years, is now familiar to almost every one. It
is of easy cultivation, growing rapidly, producing in late July and August,
when bloom is scarce, showy flowers in immense terminal panicles, the weight
of the flowers bending the branches. The bloom lasts into autumn, when it
changes from white to shades of pink. To produce the best effects, it should
be planted in masses or with a background of other shrubbery. When grown
in beds or groups they should be planted about 2 feet apart in very rich soil.
Early in spring, before the shrubs begin to grow, cut them back so as to leave
only two or three inches of the new growth of the previous season and thus
insure a better display of flowers. (See plates on pages 81 and 82.)

H. quercifolia. Oak-leaved. (M) A native of straggling habit, with
deep green, oak-shaped foliage, which turns to bronzy purple in the fall. The
purplish white flowers are borne in panicles. A good plant for shady places.
Prefers a moist soil.

HYPERICUM

Useful small shrubs of easy culture, growing well in sandy soils, and desir-
able for bordering shrubberies.

H. aureum. (S) A compact grower, of stiff habit. The leathery bluish
foliage sets off the large golden yellow flowers, which are produced in cymes
in July and August and continue for a period of ten days. Useful in rocky
and shady places. Prefers a moist soil.

H. calcinum. Aaron's Beard. (FD) A low, spreading plant, with dark
green, persistent foliage and very large golden yellow flowers. A useful ground
cover, thriving in sun or partial shade.

H. hircinu-m. (S) A shrub of round, compact habit, with dark green
foliage, and in August very deep yellow flowers in clusters of two or three.
Needs a dry soil.

83

HYPERICUM, continued

H. Kalmianum. (VD) A dwarf form, with bluish green foliage, glaucous
beneath. The flowers, in June, are smaller than those of the other varieties.
Valuable in dry and sandy situations.

H. Moserianum. Hybrid. Gold Flower. (VD) The showiest of all
the varieties and an important addition to dwarf shrubs. The habit is pendu-
lous; foliage deep shining green; the flowers, glossy, deep golden yellow, 2
inches or more in diameter, are borne throughout the summer.

H. Moserianum, var. tricolor. (S) A form with leaves prettily variegated
with yellow, white, rose and red.

H. patulum. (S) An undershrub with arching branches. The foliage is
dark and rich ; the bright yellow flowers, ^ inches in diameter, come in early
June. Useful for rockeries.

ILEX

I. verticillata. Winter Berry. (L) A shrub with spreading branches,
bright green foliage. Its bright scarlet berries remain late in the winter.

ITEA

I. Virginica. (M} A dense, compact shrub, with smooth, green foliage
and bearing racemes of fragrant white flowers in June. In autumn the foliage
turns rich crimson.

JASMINUM

J. nudiflorum. Yellow Jasmine. (S) A slender, twiggy shrub. Its
small yellow flowers open during the first mild days of spring, sometimes be-
fore the winter is past. Does well trained on a trellis.

J. officinale. Hardy White Jasmine. (S) A more slender species, need-
ing support of a trellis or wall and requires a sheltered position. A summer
bloomer ; flowers white and fragrant.

KERRIA

K. Japonica. Double - flowered Corchorus. (M) Produces deep orange -
colored double flowers. It blooms throughout the summer.

LAGERSTRGEMIA

L. Indica. Crape Myrtle. (Z,) A strong-growing shrub, with deciduous
leaves and soft fringed pink flowers in spring and summer. With winter pro-
tection it can be grown successfully at Philadelphia.

LESPEDEZA

L. bicolor. (S) A graceful shrub, with slender branches and small violet -
purple flowers, borne in racemes in July.

L. Sieboldi; syn., Desmodium Japonica. This might well be classed
with perennial plants, as it dies back to the ground in winter. The shoots
each year are thrown up about 3 feet, and in September bear rosy purple
flowers in long, drooping racemes. Desirable as a late bloomer.

L. Sieboldi, var. alba. With white flowers.
84

LIGUSTRUM

L. Amurense. Amoor Privet. (L) This variety is of a lighter, slimmer
growth than Common Privet, while the foliage is of a lighter green than the
Japanese Privet and retains a better color in the winter. It is as hardy as
the California Privet and makes a very satisfactory hedge.

L. ciliatum; syn., medium. (L) An erect shrub, with spreading
branches and narrow light green foliage.

L. Ibpta. (L) One of the hardiest of all Privets. The form is spreading,
with curving branches. Foliage grayish green ; flowers in June are pure white
and the seeds that follow are bluish black. A good border shrub and an ex-
cellent hedge plant.

L. Ibota, var. Regelianum. Regel's Privet. (M) A dense shrub, with
stiff, twiggy, horizontal spreading branches, drooping at the ends. An elegant
shrub for specimens, border work or hedges. We have grown this for many
years and believe it will become one of the most popular varieties as soon as it
is better known. It is absolutely hardy, forms a graceful, symmetrical bush,
sufficiently dense for hedge purposes without trimming. As a single speci-
men or in a border of mixed shrubs it is most effective. It also gives pleasing
effects when massed against buildings or on slopes and banks.

L. Japonicum. Japanese Privet. (Z,) An almost evergreen sort, as it
holds its glossy dark green foliage almost all winter. The leaves are as large as
those of the lilac, which they resemble.

L. lucidum. (L) A strong grower, with somewhat spreading branches
and foliage resembling L. Japonicum. Bears white flowers in July.

L. ovalifolium. Japanese, or California Privet. (L) The most popular
of all hedge plants. It transplants easily, is a strong, upright grower and will
stand any amount of trimming. The deep dark green foliage is held until late
in winter. When setting, cut the plants to within 8 to 12 inches of the ground
to induce a strong, bushy growth. Also valuable in shrubberies and as a
screen. See plate on page 88.

L. ovalifolium, var. aurea marginata. (Z,) A form in which the foliage
is margined with pale yellow.

L. Sinensis. Chinese Privet. (L) Of broader habit than the Amoor
Privet. The foliage on the slender, spreading branches is light green. It is a
strong, free grower and will be found satisfactory for border work or as a
hedge plant ; in the latter case do not trim too closely. In autumn the berries
hang in dense clusters.

L. Sinensis, var. nana. Dwarf Chinese Privet. (^/) A dwarf variety
that will give a particularly pleasing effect where an untrimmed hedge of
medium height is required. Very graceful ; can be trimmed if desired. The
autumn berries remain late.

L. vulgaris. Common Privet. (L) This does not make as trim a hedge
as the Japanese Privet, but is valuable, as it thrives in many situations where
tree roots interfere with the growth of other plants. The foliage is grayish
green ; flowers in June are white; berries shining black.

LIMONIA TRIFOLIATA. Sec Citrus

85

LONICERA. Bush Honeysuckle

Desirable free-blooming shrubs of erect habit of growth and easiest culture in
any common soil. The ornamental fruit and fragrant flowers are points of merit,
and in the various sorts the fruits present a great variety of colors. The upright-
growing, dense kinds make admirable hedge plants and admit of vigorous pruning.

L. fragrantissima. Chinese Fragrant Bush Honeysuckle. (Jkf) A vig-
orous grower of rather straggling habit. The pinkish white flowers in early
spring are very fragrant and its dark green foliage is retained late in the winter —
sometimes in sheltered locations all winter. The plant is not particular as to
soil or situation and is absolutely hardy.

L. Morrowi. Japanese Bush Honeysuckle. CM) A strong grower, with
foliage dark green above, grayish beneath. Pure white flowers in May and
June are followed by bright red fruits, ripening in August and remaining all fall.

L. orientalis. (£) One of the strongest growers of this class. Pink
blossoms in May and June and black fruit early in the fall.

L. Ruprechtiana. (L} A tall, rapid grower. Foliage dark green above,
grayish beneath; pure white flowers, in long peduncles in May and June, are
followed by red or orange-red fruits.

L. Standishi. Standish's Honeysuckle. (Af) A spreading bush with
half evergreen foliage. The fragrant creamy white flowers appear before the
leaves in spring, and the fruits in autumn are scarlet and very showy.

L. Tatarica (rubra). (L) A strong grower, with dark green foliage and
crimson flowers in May and June, followed by brilliant crimson fruit.

L. Tatarica, var. alba. (L) Similar to L. Tatarica, but with large pure
white flowers ; fruit crimson.

L. Tatarica, var. gracilis. (M) A form with smaller foliage and small,
fragrant pure white flowers in May and June, followed by orange-red fruits.

L. Tatarica, var. splendens. (L} In this form both the leaves and the
deep pink flowers are larger than the type. Fruits are deep red.

LYCIUM

L. Chinense. Matrimony Vine. (M ) A very hardy shrub with slender,
spiny stems. The foliage is grayish green and the flowers, lasting from June
until September, vary from pink to purple, and are set all along the drooping
branches. The fall fruits are scarlet or orange-red. An excellent plant for
covering banks, planting in wild or rocky places, or along the top of walls
where the branches can hang over. It climbs well and gives magnificent effects,

MYRICA

M. cerifera. Wax Myrtle. (M) A vigorous shrub with dark green,
fragrant foliage which is held almost throughout the winter. The reddish
flowers in May and the white, waxy berries which follow are not very showy,
and its chief charm is the pleasing foliage. It thrives in the sandiest locations
and is of special value. Excellent for seashore planting.

PAVIA PARVIFLORA. See jEsculus
86

Philadelphia coronarius. See page 89,

Pyrus arbutifolia. See page 90.

Ligustrum ovalifolium. See page 85.

PHILADELPHIA. Syringa, or Mock Orange

Excellent ornamental shrubs, most of which are tall, vigorous growers, with
large foliage and flowers. Their robust habits make them valuable for screens. A
few dwarf forms, while not such prolific bloomers, are valuable for any shrub-
bery. They easily adapt themselves to any soil and the flowers are among the
best of shrubs to cut for house decoration.

P. coronarius. Mock Orange* (L) A vigorous, graceful shrub. The
long branches, covered with dark green foliage, are often bent beneath the
weight of the fragrant, showy pure white flowers in June. A popular and
satisfactory shrub. See plate on page 87.

P. coronarius, var. aureus. (.M) A compact shrub with bright yellow
foliage, retaining its color well throughout the season. One of the best
known golden-colored shrubs and very effective in shrubberies.

P. coronarius, var. primulaeflorus. (M}. A strong grower, with very
large, almost double white flowers.

P. Gordonianus. (Z,) One of the strongest growers, with very large
pure white flowers of little fragrance. A prolific bloomer in July and valuable
on account of its lateness.

P. grandiflorus. (L) The most vigorous of the class. A rapid grower,
with long, somewhat straggling branches and large flowers in June, not fra-
grant. Excellent for shrubberies.

P. Lemoinei. Hybrid. (M} One of the choicest of this class. The
habit is graceful; foliage very rich, and the large, pure white, fragrant flowers
are borne in clusters in June.

P. Lemoinei, var. erectus. (Af) A form of very erect habit, bearing
clusters of fragrant yellowish white flowers in June. A prolific bloomer; ex-
cellent foliage.

P. Zeyheri. (M) A hybrid of P. coronarius, which it resembles, but its
growth is lower and more spreading, branches often arched. Pure white
flowers with slight fragrance are borne in profusion in June.

P. Zeyheri, var. speciosissimus. (M) Not a large grower. The habit
is graceful ; branches bend slightly at the tips and in June are densely
covered with large, pure white, fragrant flowers. The showiest of the class.

PHOTINIA

P. villosa. (L) An upright shrub, with slender, spreading branches.
Foliage dark green; flowers in June are large, white, borne in corymbs at
ends of the branchlets. Fall fruits are bright scarlet and very showy. Prefers
a sunny position.

POTENTILLA

P. fruticosa. Shrubby Cinquefoil. (M) An upright grower, with at-
tractive foliage, narrow and with a silky under-surface. Commencing in July,
it bears golden yellow flowers throughout the summer. An excellent plant for
rocky places and thrives in either wet or dry soils.

PRUNUS

P. amygdalus communis. Flowering Almond. (M) Beautiful shrub,
whose branches are covered in May with double flowers.

P. amygdalus communis, var. alba flore pleno. White.

P. amygdalus communis, var. rosea flore pleno. (M) Pink.

P. maritima. Beach Plum. (S) One of the best shrubs for bleak ex-
posures and seashore planting. Grows well in sandy soil, and the white flowers
in April are followed by bright crimson or purple fruits.

P. triloba. Double- flowering Plum. (M) A spreading bush of vigor-
ous growth, bearing in early spring, before the leaves, beautiful light pink,
very double flowers. A charming shrub. See also Trees.

PYRUS. Chokeberry

P. arbutifolia. Chokeberry. (L) A vigorous, densely branched shrub
with good foliage. In May it is covered with clusters of delicate white flowers,
and the red fruits that follow hang in showy clusters throughout the winter.
The foliage colors in autumn to shades of red and crimson. See plate, page 88.

P. floribunda. Red Chokeberry. (L} An upright grower; flowers
white, tinged with red, and followed by bright red fruits.

P. floribunda, var. nigra. Black Chokeberry. (M) Similar to the fore-
going, but with deep glossy black fruits.

RHAMNUS

R. cathartica. Buckthorn. (M) A stiff, twiggy bush, with dark
green foliage and white flowers in June and July, followed by showy black
fruits. An excellent hedge plant.

RHODOTYPOS

R. kerrioides. White Kerria. (M} A handsome shrub with good foli-
age and snowy white flowers in late May, followed by showy black seeds.

RHUS

R. aromatica. Fragrant Sumac. (M) A spreading bush with thick
foliage, which is fragrant when crushed. The pale yellow flowers are borne
in dense spikes in May and followed by orange-red berries in midsummer. In
autumn the foliage turns dark crimson.

R. copallina. Shining Sumac. (S) A dense grower, with rich, shining
dark green foliage, which turns to brilliant shades of red in the fall. The
yellowish flowers in July and August are borne in dense panicles and followed
by showy heads of scarlet seed. It is the latest of the Sumacs to flower.

R. cotinus. Mist, or Smoke Tree. (L) A vigorous, bushy grower, with
good foliage, bearing large panicles of purplish feathery flowers in June. The
foliage in autumn turns to shades of reddish brown and yellow. See plate on
page 93.

R. cotinus, var. atropurpurea. Purple Mist. (Z,) A form with flowers
of a deep reddish purple. Distinct and showy.

90

RIBES. Currant

R. aureum. Golden Currant. (M) A neat bush with glossy green foli-
age, coloring well in the fall. In May it bears showy fragrant yellow flowers,
followed by dark brown fruit.

R. Gordonianum. Hybrid. Gordon's Currant. (M) A hybrid of R.
aureum and R. sanguineum, with beautiful yellow and crimson flowers in May.

R. sanguineum. Red -flowering Currant. (M) A shrub of excellent
habit, with handsome foliage and long, pendulous racemes of deep red flowers
in July.

ROBINIA

!R. hispida. Rose Acacia. (M ) An excellent shrub with compound
foliage, and bearing clusters of rose-colored flowers in profusion in May and
June and often throughout the summer. Useful for banks and showy when it
can grow in masses undisturbed.

RUBUS

R. odoratus. Flowering Raspberry. (M) A dense -growing ornamental
form of the native raspberry. The foliage is very large and the rosy
purple flowers quite showy. An excellent plant for massing and valuable
for planting steep banks, as it spreads rapidly from the roots. Prefers rich soil
and shaded position.

SAMBUCUS. Elder

S. Canadensis. Common Elder. (L) A strong -growing shrub, with
good light green foliage. The white flowers in June and July are in flat cymes
and are followed by black fruits in August and September. Very hardy.

S. nigra, var. aurea. Golden Elder. (L) Bright golden yellow leaves,
color distinct and permanent all summer. Of vigorous, spreading habit, but
may be trained into compact, bushy form. Very valuable for heightening
effects and giving tone and color to the lawn by contrast with other shrubs.

S. nigra, var. laciniata. Cut-leaved Elder. (M) One of the hand-
somest shrubs in cultivation. Of drooping habit, with deeply cut foliage.
Effective in masses ; very hardy.

S. racemosa. Red -fruited. (M) Of somewhat heavier growth than
S. Canadensis. The white flowers are followed by red fruits. Very hardy.

S. racemosa, var. tenuifolia. New. A form resembling S. nigra laciniata.
The foliage is deeper cut and it makes a more compact and handsome plant.
Very hardy.

SPIRAEA

Exceedingly useful and popular plants with a wide range of form, foliage and
flower. Their hardiness, adaptability to all soils and the ease with which they can
be transplanted make them very desirable.

S. argentea; syn., canescens. (L) A shrub with spreading, arching
branches and grayish green foliage. Small white flowers, in corymbs, in July.
A profuse bloomer.

91

SPIR.<EA, continued

S. arguta. (M) Similar in habit to S. Tkunbergii, but a larger, strongei
grower, with foliage of grayish green. In May it bears pure white flowers in
profusion. One of the earliest.

S. Billardi. (Z,) A strong grower, with dull green foliage and dense
panicles of bright pink flowers in July and August, with occasional blooms
during the fall.

S. Bumalda. (S) A dense, broad bush with good foliage, and in July
bears rosy pink flowers in compact corymbs.

S. Bumalda, var. Anthony Waterer. (S) This dwarf shrub produces
flowers of bright crimson with such persistency that cutting away the dead
bloom will keep it in flower from early summer to late fall. Its dense flat
flower-clusters are almost twice as broad as those of older kinds, and of a much
richer, brighter color. Its fine foliage, variegated with creamy white and yel-
low and sometimes tinted with pink, aids in making it a most desirable shrub
for edging shrubbery beds, planting in masses, or as single specimens where low,
bushy flowering-shrubs are required.

S. callosa. Fortune's Spirea. (S) A compact shrub, with upright
branches and pale bluish green foliage. In June it bears panicles of rosy pink
blossoms, sometimes continuing all summer.

S. callosa, var. alba. (5) A dwarfer form, with showy white flowers.

S. crispifolia; syn., bullata. (.VD) A very compact shrub, with upright
branches and thick, deep, dull green foliage. The flowers in July and August
are deep pink, and borne in dense corymbs. Excellent as an edging for larger
shrubs.

S. Japonica, var. Fortune! rpsea. (M) A broad, spreading, dense form
with loose corymbs of rosy pink flowers in June and July. A stronger grower
than 5. Bumalda.

S. Japonica Fortunei, var. macrophylla. (5) A low form, with immense
leaves and small corymbs of rose-colored flowers in June.

S. opulifolia. (Z) The strongest grower of this class and one of the most
useful. Its growth is extremely rapid ; branches upright, though drooping when
loaded with umbels of white flowers in June. The foliage is light green. An
excellent sort for backing shrubberies or mass-planting.

S. opulifolia, var. aurea. Golden -leaved. (L) Similar to S. opulifolia, but
with bright yellowish foliage.

S. prunifolia flore pleno. Bridal Wreath. (M ) A graceful shrub with
upright branches and dark green, shining foliage, coloring in the fall. In May
the branches are covered with small double white flowers. One of the showiest
of this class.

S. Reevesiana. (M) A tall, graceful form, with dark bluish green foli-
age and large, double, pure white flowers in May and June. Holds its hand-
some foliage very late.

S. rotundifolia ; syn., bracteata. (L) A rapid grower, with upright
spreading branches and dark green, rounded foliage, which is held very late.
The pure white flowers in June are very showy.

92

Rhus cotinus. See page 90.

Syringa vulgaris alba. See page 96.

SPIRAEA, continued

S. salicifolia. Willow -leaved. (M) An upright grower, with narrow-
pointed foliage and rosy flowers in June and July.

S. sorbifolia. (Af) A vigorous growing bush, with foliage large, hand-
some, resembling that of the mountain ash, and bearing in July long spikes of
showy white flowers.

S. Thunbergi. Thunberg's Spirea. (Af) A shrub with spreading
branches and long, narrow, light green leaves, which turn to orange-scarlet in
the late fall. The flowers, in April and May, are pure white. A graceful
and popular sort.

S. Van Houttei. (L) The best and most popular of all Spireas. Of an
upright growth ; its long, slender branches are arched by their own weight, and
when covered with handsome bluish green foliage and umbels of white flowers
the branches droop until the tips touch the ground. Though it blooms in May
and June, it is attractive all summer.

STAPHYLEA

S. colchica. Bladder Nut. (Z-) An upright shrub with pale showy green
foliage, bearing panicles of fragrant white flowers in May and June. One of
the best early-flowering shrubs.

STEPHANANDRA

S. flexuosa. (M} A handsome, graceful shrub with spreading, drooping
branches and elegant foliage. Bears pure white flowers in panicled racemes in
June. Useful for shrubberies and rocky banks. In autumn the foliage takes
on handsome purplish coloring.

STYRAX

S. Japonica. (/,) A strong grower, with slender, spreading branches and
fragrant white flowers in pendulous racemes in June and July. A valuable and
handsome sort that should be more largely used.

SYMPHORICARPUS

racemosus. Snowberry. (A/) An ornamental shrub, with rose-
colored flowers in loose racemes in July and August, followed by white ber-
ries, which remain until late in the winter. Chiefly valued for its showy fruit.
An excellent sort for planting in densely shaded places, under trees where
little else will grow, and thrives in any soil.

vulgaris. Coral Berry. (M) Though of more compact growth, it
closely resembles S. racemosus. The flowers, in dense terminal spikes in July,
are succeeded by dark purplish red berries, smaller than the fruit of 5. race-
mosus, and hanging in closer clusters. Valued for its persistent foliage and
fruits, and well adapted for shady places. One of the most valuable plants
for use as an undergrowth, where the roots of large trees are so close to the
surface as to prevent a growth of grass.

95

SYRINGA. Lilac

These old-fashioned shrubs are always popular, and with the present revival of
the "old-fashioned garden" no collection is complete without them. No matter
how small the garden, every one wants Lilacs in May; and everywhere in the
country, be it near a roadside farm or in the garden or shrubbery of a fine estate,
one finds them adding beauty and sweetness to any surroundings, with their
exquisite plumes of purple and white flowers. The range of varieties we offer will
give Lilacs for over a month.

The old varieties have lately been much improved upon by expert growers.
We can offer a superb collection of the choicest kinds, very strong plants that will
give results at once.

S. Chinensis; syn., Rothomagensis. Rouen Lilac. (L) A strong
grower, with arching branches and large foliage. Flowers of an intense violet-
blue ; variable.

S. Japonica. (L) A pyramidal small tree with upright branches, broad
foliage and yellowish white flowers in small panicles in June and July.

S. Josiksea. (L) An upright grower, with stout branches and broad
dark green foliage. Late in June it bears large, purple flowers. A variety of
fine habit, and valuable on account of its late bloom.

S. Josiksea, var. eximia. (L) Large panicles of clear rose flowers, darker
in the buds.

S. Josiksea, var. H. Zabel. (L) The flower-spikes of this sort are larger
than those of S. Josikaa, pink in the bud and lilac-red when opened.

S. Pekinensis. (L) A large shrub with slender, spreading branches,
dark green foliage and yellowish white flowers in large panicles at the ends of
the branches. Of excellent habit, and holds foliage very late.

S. Persica. (M) A beautiful shrub with slender branches and long,
narrow foliage. The pale lilac flowers produced in May and June are
extremely fragrant.

S. Persica, var. alba. (L) In form and habit the same as S. Persica,
but the flowers are white.

S. Persica, var. laciniata. (M) A form of dwarfer habit, with very
finely divided foliage. The flower panicles are smaller.

S. Persica, var. violacea. (M) This is the darkest of all Persian Lilacs.

S. villosa. (L) A stout, bushy grower, with bright green foliage and
large, branching panicles of flowers, light purple in bud, rosy white when
open, and very fragrant. It resembles somewhat the White Fringe, and
blooms late in May.

S. villosa,- var. Emodi. (L) A form with narrower foliage and loose
heads of whitish flowers in early June. Valuable on account of its late
flowering.

S. vulgaris. Common Lilac. (L) A strong, vigorous, upright shrub,
with rich, dark green foliage, and large panicles of fragrant purplish flowers
in May. Possibly the best known of all Lilacs. (See plate on page 99.)

S. vulgaris alba. (L) A form of S. vulgaris with same general charac-
teristics and pure white, fragrant flowers. (See plate on page 95.)

96

DECID170173 SHRJSB3

NAMED VARIETIES OF SYRINGA VULGARIS (L)

Alba grandiflora. Very large, pure
white single flowers.

Albert the Good. An erect, vigor-
ous grower, with large spikes of red-
dish purple flowers.

Amethyst. Violet -purple flowers
of fine size ; very prolific bloomer.

Amoena. Claret -colored flowers ;
very fragrant.

Charlemberg. A distinct variety ;
flowers very small, light purple shaded
with pink ; truss compact.

Charles X. Leaves large and shin -
ing ; rather loose truss of reddish pur-
ple ; a rapid, strong grower.

Colmariensis. Very large, pale
blue flowers and fine, glossy foliage ;
distinct and fine.

Docteur Masters. Double. Spikes
one foot long ; flowers very light,
round, clear lilac, lighter in the middle.

Edouard Andre. Large spikes of
clear rose flowers of irregular form,
buds darker. An early-flowering sort.

Frau Bertha Dammann. One of
the best single sorts of recent intro-
duction. The truss is immense ;
flowers of medium size and pure white.
Profuse bloomer.

Gloire de Moulins. Long, rosy
lilac panicles ; individual flowers very
large and fragrant.

James Booth. Pale violet ; single.

Languis. A new single variety,
blooming until late. Panicles large ;
individual flower of medium size ;
color rosy lilac, of a distinct shade.

La Tour d'Auvergne. Flowers
double, very large ; violet-purple. A
strong grower.

Le Gaulois. Panicles very large
and compact ; flowers double, deep
peach color.

Lovaniensis. A very distinct shade
of silvery pink. The single flowers
are in large, erect panicles, and show
to good advantage.

Marc Micheli. Very large spikes
of enormous double flowers. Clear
lilac-blue, nearly white underneath.
A pretty variety.

Marie Le Gray. Large panicles of
single white flowers. Valuable for
forcing.

Mathieu de Dombasle. Panicles
of medium size ; flowers small, very
double ; reddish mauve. Very free-
flowering.

Michael Buchner. A dwarf grower,
with very large, erect panicles of very
double pale lilac flowers. Quite dis-
tinct.

President Grevy. A very fine
double variety, with large panicles of
beautiful blue flowers. One of the best.

President Loubet. Long, compact
spikes of enormous flowers, reddish
carmine in the bud and opening pur-
plish red. One of the darkest Lilacs.

President Massart. Large panicles
of single flowers, red in the bud,
heliotrope when open.

Prince Nottger. Single ; reddish
purple ; large truss.

Princess Alexandra. One of the

finest white varieties ; panicles large.

Princesse Camille de Rohan.

Single ; color same as S. vulgaris.
Truss dense ; the most compact of the
single varieties.

Princesse Marie. Purewhite, single,
compact. Later than other varieties.

Rubra de Marley. Single ; rich
rosy purple.

Senateur Volland. Double flowers
of rosy red ; a fine variety.

Souvenir de Ludwig Spaeth.
Panicles long; individual flowers large,
single, dark purplish red ; distinct ;
superb. The finest of its color.

Verschaffelt. Single; dark red in
bud, lilac when open; distinct.

Ville de Trpyes. Fine; has large
panicles of single dark purple flowers.

97

TAMARIX

T. Africana; syn., parviflora. (L) A strong-growing shrub, with
brown bark and slender branches, bearing in April and May bright pink
flowers in slender racemes. The flowers are produced on last year's branches.

T. Dahurica. (S) A small -growing shrub, with bluish green foliage and
light pink flowers.

T. Gallica. (L) A strong shrub, with slender, spreading branches, bluish
green foliage and racemes of rosy white flowers from May until July.

T. Gallica, var. Indica. (M) Of upright and more slender growth than
T. Gallica. The foliage is dull green, and the flowers in long, slender racemes
are pink, and borne on the new wood.

T. hispida, var. sestivalis. (M) A seedling from T. kispida, of more
vigorous, and not so compact a type. The branches are covered in July with
large flowers of bright carmine-pink.

VACCINIUM

V. corymbosum. Swamp Huckleberry. (M) A tall, straggling shrub,
flowering in short racemes on bare twigs, followed by blue-black berries of
excellent flavor. A valuable plant for fruit or ornament. In the fall the
foliage colors to brilliant shades of crimson.

VIBURNUM

V. acerifolium. (S) A shrub with slender upright branches, broad, light
green, maple-like foliage, and white flowers in flat cymes in May and June.
The fruit is crimson, turning to purplish black, and the foliage turns to dark
rich purple. This does fairly well under trees.

V. cassinoides. White Rod. (M) An upright shrub, with oblong
leaves of dull green. Flowers yellowish white, followed by fruit which changes
from green to red and black. A good shrub for borders.

V. dentatum. Arrow-wood. (L) An upright shrub, with handsome,
glossy green foliage. The flowers in May and June are white, in flat cymes,
and are followed by clusters of crimson berries which turn to black.

V. dilatatum. (L) An upright grower, with broad foliage and pure white
flowers, in short cymes, in May and June. A very free-flowering sort and
specially attractive for the scarlet fruit, which remain on the branches until
quite late.

V. Lantana. Wayfaring Tree. (L) A strong, upright grower, with
broad wrinkled foliage and bearing white flowers in broad cymes in May and
June. These are followed by large clusters of fruits, bright red and changing
to black. The berries are quite showy, as they do not all color at the same
time, and the black and red fruits are mingled on the bunch. A good grower
and well adapted for dry situations.

V. Lentago. Sheep-berry. (L) A strong-growing shrub, with slender
branches and light green, glossy foliage. The flowers in May and June are
creamy white and very fragrant, and the fruit bluish black.

98

Syringa vulgaris. See page 96.

Bush of Syringa vulgaris alba. See page 96.

DECID17O173 SHJ^/BS

VIBURNUM, continued

V. molle. (M) A native species very similar to V. dentatum, but the
foliage and fruit are larger and it blooms about twenty days later.

V. Opulus. High Cranberry Bush. (L) One of the showiest varieties
of the Snowball. The large white flowers are borne in profusion at the end
of May, and are followed by clusters of showy scarlet berries, which retain
their color until late in the autumn.

V. Opulus, var. sterile. Guelder Rose. (L) This is the old-fashioned
Common Snowball. The flower-heads are much more loose and open than
those of V. Opulus ; it blooms about the same time. This variety does not
carry any fruit.

V. Opulus, var. nana. The Dwarf Guelder Rose. (VD) A very dwarf,
compact little shrub, seldom growing more than two feet in height. It has the
typical foliage, but does not flower. A valuable plant for beds of dwarf
shrubbery and for an edging.

V. plicatum. Japanese Snowball. (M) One of the most popular of
the Viburnums ; the foliage is handsome, and the pure white flowers, in denser
heads, show beautifully against the purplish foliage. (See plate on page 100.)

V. plicatum, var. rotundifolium. Very much like V. plicatum in habit,
but the leaves are broader and rounder, and the heads of the flower larger and
open earlier.

V. plicatum, var. tomentosum. The Single Japan Snowball. This single
form of the plicatum forms a broad, handsome bush, very symmetrical, with
striking brown branches and beautifully ribbed foliage, green above and bronzy
purple beneath. The pure white flowers are borne in large showy flat cymes
about the middle of May, and are followed by scarlet berries. This variety is
not well known, but deserves wider planting.

V. prunifolium. Black Haw. (L) A vigorous -growing shrub, with
stout branches and handsome dark green, shining foliage. The flowers in
April and June are pure white, borne in broad cymes and are followed by oval,
dark blue fruit.

V. Sieboldi. (L) A vigorous grower, with dark green shining foliage,
bearing in May and June panicles of white flowers. The pink fruit which
follows changes to bluish black when ripe.

VITEX

V. Agnus-castus. Chaste Tree. (L) A strong -growing shrub, with
grayish foliage, and in July and September bears lilac flowers in terminal
racemes. This shrub has a strong aromatic odor.

XANTHOCERAS

X. sorbifolia. (L) One of the least known and handsomest shrubs in
cultivation. The foliage somewhat resembles that of the Mountain Ash. In
May it is covered with clusters of white flowers, with a blotch changing from
yellow to red at the base of each petal. It is very floriferous and is well
suited for specimen planting. It does best in a sunny situation ; prefers a
loamy soil.

101

XANTHORRHIZA

X. apiifolia. Shrub Yellow Root. (S) A very dwarf shrub, which repro-
duces by means of suckers. For this reason it is very useful for planting on
steep banks. It thrives in damp and shady places. The leaves are in clusters
from the terminal bud, and in April it bears small, deep purple flowers. The
habit of the plant is very low, and it is valued as an undergrowth for its rich
foliage, which turns to bright yellow in the autumn.

MEMORANDA

102

UNDER this heading will be found some of the most valuable foliage and
flowering plants, suitable for shrubbery borders or large beds. Clumps
of the grasses, with the center of Arundo Donax, make very ornamental, lasting
and thoroughly satisfactory groups. They thrive with very little care, and year
by year make stronger, showier beds.

ARUNDO

A. Donax. This noble reed, with its graceful tropical foliage, is the
hardiest and most useful of the bamboo-like plants, and particularly effective
when planted in an isolated position on the lawn or on the margin of a lake or
stream. The canes of this plant with us attain the height of 18 to 20 feet.

A. Donax, var. variegata. A form of the above, but with foliage marked

with creamy white ; it seldom grows more than 5 to 7 feet in height, and
requires some protection during the winter.

BAMBUSA

B. Metake. This is a true Bamboo; a native of Japan. It grows from

5 to 8 feet in height, and has bright green, palm-like foliage. Succeeds well in
almost any situation, and is excellent for planting on steep banks.

ERIANTHUS

E. Ravennae. A hardy ornamental grass which grows from 9 to 12 feet
high, frequently throwing up from 30 to 50 flower-spikes. It resembles the
Pampas Grass, but the grayish brown blooms are smaller.

EULALIA

E. Japonica. A beautiful, hardy, ornamental Japanese grass. The foli-
age is deep green, and in autumn it bears long flower-spikes, surmounted with
panicles of purplish brown flowers. One of the most useful.

E. Japonica, var. variegata. A beautiful form. The long, narrow leaf-
blades are striped with a broad band of white. In habit of growth and flower
the same as the foregoing.

E. Japonica, var. gracillima univittata. This form in growth and flower
resembles the preceding, but the leaves are very much narrower, giving the
plant a more graceful habit.

E. Japonica, var. zebrina. Resembles E. Japonica, but the long leaf-
blades are marked across the leaf with broad, regular bars of yellow.

GYNERIUM

G. argenteum. Pampas Grass. One of the most ornamental and showy
grasses. Requires protection, and repays the care given it by its handsome foli-
age and its large, silvery white plumes, produced on stems 6 to 8 feet in height.

PHALARIS

P. arundinacea, var. variegata. Ribbon Grass. A dwarf grass, foliage
striped with white. Excellent for bordering shrubberies or beds of grasses.

103

^e^^

VINE
CLMBING

ACTINIDIA

A. polygama. Japan. Strong climber of exceptional value where a quick -
growing, clean-foliaged plant is desired. Foliage glossy green ; flowers white,
with a purple center in July, followed by yellow fruits.

AKEBIA

A. quinata. Japan. A charming climber, with shining, almost evergreen
foliage and clusters of chocolate-colored, fragrant flowers in June, followed by
dark purple berries. Very desirable.

AMPELOPSIS

A. quinquefolia. Virginia Creeper. A native climber, very hardy, and of
extremely rapid growth. The beautiful leaves are deeply cut and turn to rich
crimson in the autumn. An excellent vine for covering trees, walls, rocky
slopes and banks. (See plate on page 109.)

A. quinquefolia, var. Englemanni. Similar to A. quinquefolia^ but of
somewhat more clinging habit, and with smaller, denser foliage. Colors beau-
tifully in the fall.

A. tricuspidata ; syn., Veitchii. Japan, or Boston Ivy. Possibly the best
known of all climbers. Suitable for planting on walls and about buildings,
and when once established it grows with great rapidity and clings very closely
to any surface. No plant surpasses it for covering buildings, and it thrives in
the heart of the city as well as in the suburbs. The leaves are broad, dark
green and glossy, and in the fall color rich crimson.

ARISTOLOCHIA

A. Sipho. Dutchman's Pipe Vine. A strong grower, with huge thick

and shining cordate leaves of a pretty light green, 6 to 12 inches across, and
hanging so that they overlap each other. It bears curious purplish pipe-
shaped flowers, but it is chiefly for its luxuriant foliage and rapid growth that
the plant is valued.

BIGNONIA. Trumpet Vine

B. grandiflora. Trumpet Vine. A strong, rapid grower, of rather bushy

habit, and bearing large flowers of brilliant orange-red. It blooms earlier than
fB. radicans.

B. radicans. Scarlet Trumpet Vine. One of the strongest and most
ornamental climbing vines. Its foliage is a deep, rich green, and flowers dark,
rich crimson. It is of much more rapid growth than <5. grandiflora, and
clings much closer. Unsurpassed for covering trees, rough walls or rocky
slopes.

104

AND CLIMBING

CELASTRUS

C. scandens. Bittersweet. A rapid -growing, climbing shrub, with orna-
mental, light green foliage, yellow flowers in June and bright orange-yellow
and crimson fruit in autumn. A most suitable plant for covering trees,
rocks, rough walls and trellis work. It is also found an excellent grower on
steep banks, as it increases by suckers and helps to keep steep slopes from
washing.

CLEMATIS

C. coccinea. A rapid -growing, handsome and hardy sort, with good
foliage, and covered from June to late fall with bright coral-red flowers.

C. crispa. A beautiful delicate species, bearing from June until frost beau-
tiful fragrant, purplish or lavender-colored flowers.

C. Flammula. Sweet Clematis. A hardy, rapid climber, with small,
dark green foliage which remains until late in the winter, and in the early fall
the plant is covered with small white fragrant flowers. An excellent sort for
the porch or the trellis.

C. graveolens ; syn., orientalis. A strong, rapid climber, with smooth,
shining foliage, and bearing in August and September light yellow flowers.

CLEMATIS LANUGINOSA HYBRIDS

Large-flowering varieties. These are among the most useful climbing plants
for porch, trellis or garden work. Their perfect hardiness, together with their
good foliage and magnificent flowers, make them a most desirable class of plants.
The following will be found the best for general planting :

Duchess of Edinburgh. White; Jeanne d' Arc. Fine white.
double- Kermesina. Brilliant red.

Lady CaroHne NeviUe. French.

white, mauve bars.
Gem. Sky-blue. _ . . ri ., „ . ...

' ,. . Lilacma flonbunda. Pale lilac.

Henryi. Creamy white ; large and .

handsome. Madame Van Houtte. Pure white;

Jackmani. Large, rich violet -purple ;

a free bloomer ; most popular. Miss Bateman. White. A hardy,

Jackmani, var. alba. Similar to C. viS°rous grower'

Jackmani, but with pure white flowers. President. Intense blue.

Clematis paniculata. One of the finest and most popular of this class. It
is a very vigorous, rapid grower, with handsome foliage, and in late summer is
completely covered with dense sheets of medium-sized, pure white flowers, of
pleasing fragrance. It is perfectly hardy, and not only valuable for the porch
and the trellis, but magnificent when allowed to grow wild over rough walls
or rocky banks. (See plate on page no.)

C. Virginiana. Wild Clematis. A very vigorous, rapid native climber,
bearing in July and through September panicles of pure white flowers. An
excellent variety.

DOLICHOS. See Pueraria

105

EUONYMUS

E. radicans. Creeping Euonymus. A low, trailing shrub, whose pros-
trate branches root along the ground. It is a very desirable sort for covering
rocky banks or rough walls, and is perfectly hardy. The foliage is small, dull
green ; the growth is very close.

E. radicans, var. variegata. Variegated Creeping Euonymus. A form
of the above, with foliage variegated with creamy white and light rose. In
the fall it turns to a beautiful shade of purplish pink.

E. Japonica. Large-leaved variety. This sort closely resembles the ever-
green shrub Euonymus Japonica, but the leaves are more oblong, and in addi-
tion to its bushy form, it has a climbing habit ; the foliage is very dark green
and glossy, leaves about I Yz inches long. It will be found a valuable sort, but
is not so high a climber as the foregoing.

HEDERA

H. Helix. English Ivy. This plant is so well known as to need but little
description. It will be found quite hardy and very satisfactory, especially
when planted on a northern exposure. Very useful for covering walls or bare
spaces under trees where grass will not grow, and in such places it often covers
the trunks of the trees to a height of 8 or 10 feet.

HYDRANGEA

H. scandens. Climbing Hydrangea. A vine from Japan, with shining
green leaves and white flowers, in loose clusters in June. It must have some-
thing to cling to before it will run, being like the common ivy in this respect.

JASMINUM. See Deciduous Shrubs

LATHYRUS

L. latifolius. Everlasting Pea. This is a good, strong grower, with light
grayish green foliage, and bearing in late summer large clusters of pea-shaped,
rose-colored flowers. A useful vine for trellis work, and can be used to
advantage in wild plantings and on rocky banks.

L. latifolius, var. albus. White Everlasting Pea. Similar in habit and
growth to the foregoing, but with white flowers.

LEUCOTHOE. See Evergreen Shrubs

LONICERA. Honeysuckle

L. Japonica. A strong, climbing vine, with half -evergreen, oblong,
smooth foliage, bearing in midsummer fragrant white flowers, which change
to yellow and are often marked on the outside with purple.

L. Japonica, var. brachypoda; syn., flexuosa. A form with dark green
foliage, but not as strong a climber as L. Japonica. Flowers yellow and
fragrant.

106

VINES AND CLIMBING "PLANTS

LONICERA, continued

L. brachypoda, var. aurea reticulata. This is the well-known Golden
Honeysuckle, chiefly valued for its foliage, which is beautifully marked with
deep golden yellow, and in the late fall sometimes marked with rosy pink.
This variety is of almost evergreen habit.

L. Japonica, var. Chinensis. This form is distinguished from L. Japonica
by its very dark, purplish green foliage. It is almost evergreen and bears fra-
grant yellow flowers.

L. Japonica, var. Halleana. A popular and valuable variety, with smooth ,
glossy, dark green foliage. It flowers later than the other sorts and holds its
foliage throughout the winter. (See plate on page 115.)

L. sempervirens, var. fuchsioides. Scarlet Trumpet Honeysuckle. One
of the showiest and most prolific bloomers and an excellent climber. It has
fine foliage, and throughout the summer bears large bunches of bright scarlet
flowers which are followed by scarlet berries.

PERIPLOCA

P. Graeca. Silk Vine. A strong, rapid grower, with dark green, glossy
foliage, and bearing in July small purple flowers. A valuable plant for cov-
ering arbors, trellis work or trunks of trees.

PUERARIA

P. Thunbergiana ; syn., Dolichos Japonicus. Kudzu Vine. This is
considered the most rapid of all climbers, and is very useful for covering trees
or trellis work. Its leaves are large and handsome, and in late August and
September it is covered with racemes of pea-shaped flowers of rosy purple
color. The flowers are not showy, the plant being valued for its extremely
rapid growth and luxuriant foliage.

TECOMA. See Bignonia

VITIS

V. aestivalis. Summer Grape. A strong, tall -climbing vine, with large
foliage, noticeable for the reddish brown fuzz on the under side of the leaves ;
the berries are small, black, with a very tough skin.

V. heterophylla, var. variegata. A native of Japan, valued for its orna-
mental foliage, as the leaves are marked with creamy white ; the flower has
some fragrance.

V. Labrusca. Fox Grape. A strong, rapid -climbing vine, with large,
thick leaves, dull green above, but the under surface covered with tawny
white or reddish brown tomentum. The berries are large, purplish black to
reddish brown, with a musty flavor.

V. vulpina; syn., riparia. Frost Grape. A vigorous grower, with bright
green foliage ; leaves medium to large. The flowers are sweet-scented, and
the small berries purplish black with a blue bloom. They ripen late and
remain until after frost. (See plate on page 116).

107

^NJDORRA JVl
Chestnut Hill, 'PhilaSeh

WISTARIA

W. Chinensis. Chinese Wistaria. One of the best of all hardy climbers.
It thrives in a sunny situation, and when in good soil grows quite rapidly.
Valuable for covering trees, large trellis work or porches, and can be used in
shrubbery borders when trained to standard form. When in flower the great
clusters of pea-shaped bloom give a more showy effect than any other
climbing vine. Flowers in May, producing clusters of richly perfumed violet-
blue blossoms. (See plate on page 109.)

W. Chinensis, var. alba. A form with pure white, fragrant flowers.

W. magnifica. American Wistaria. A native sort, bearing medium -
sized panicles of pale lilac-colored, fragrant flowers.

W. multijuga. A Japanese species, with immense panicles of deep purple
flowers.

MEMORANDA

108

No. i, Ampelopsis quinquefolia.

See page 104.

No. 2, Wistaria Chinensis.
See page 108.

Clematis paniculata. See page 105.

FRJSITS

FRUIT-BEARING trees may be planted as well for shade and ornament as
for th^ flavor of their products. This department therefore receives care-
ful attention ; and we succeed, by a thorough system of training and pruning,
in preparing for our customers handsome and healthy specimens.

TREATMENT OF FRUIT TREES. — We cannot attempt here to give com-
plete directions on all points connected with the treatment of fruit trees and
bushes, owing to our limited space, and it is hardly necessary when there are so
many excellent works treating this subject. If desired, we shall be glad to
recommend the best. In the absence of these, the simple directions found
under the various headings will be found useful.

APPLES

Plant 30 to 40 feet apart. They should have the shoots of one season cut back
to insure healthy growth. It is highly injurious to newly planted fruit trees, espe-
cially those of vigorous growth, to leave the shoots at full length. The varieties
listed are not all that can be successfully grown here, but are a select list of varie-
ties that are found satisfactory in all sections where the Apple can be grown. The
dates of their ripening are given for the middle states.

SUMMER APPLES

Early Harvest. July. Medium to large size; pale yellow; tender, with
a mild, fine flavor. Tree a moderate, erect grower and good bearer; a beauti-
ful and excellent variety for both orchard and garden, being one of the first
to ripen.

Golden Sweet. August and September. Large yellow; a very fair, fine,
sweet Apple. Tree a free grower, spreading, irregular and productive.

Red Astrachan. July. Undoubtedly the handsomest early Apple, of large
size, and good for table use. The color is deep crimson, streaked with yellow.

Summer Rambo. August and September. Medium ; pale yellow and
delicate crimson ; juicy and tender, with a pleasant, refreshing subacid flavor ;
very vigorous and productive.

Sweet Bough. August. Pale yellow, large and roundish. The flesh is
white and sweet. A vigorous grower and very productive. Popular as a
dessert fruit.

Tetofsky. August. A Russian Apple ; medium size, with a yellow ground,
handsomely striped with red, and covered with a whitish bloom ; flesh juicy,
sprightly acid and agreeable. Tree a moderate, stocky grower ; very hardy
and productive.

Yellow Transparent. July. A Russian Apple, of medium size, roundish,
slightly conical; skin pale yellow when fully mature; flesh tender, juicy,
sprightly subacid ; good, a free grower.

Ill

AUTUMN APPLES

Duchess of Oldenburgh. September. Of Russian origin. Large size,
roundish ; streaked with red and yellow ; flesh whitish, juicy ; flavor sprightly,
subacid. Tree a vigorous grower, very hardy ; very early and abundant
bearer. We recommend it as one of the most valuable sorts for market or
domestic use.

Gravenstein. September and October. A superb German Apple. Bright
yellow, marbled and splashed with red. Of high flavor ; productive and
satisfactory.

Maiden's Blush. August and September. Large, flat; pale yellow, with
a red cheek ; beautiful ; tender and pleasant, but not highly flavored.
Tree an erect, free grower and a good bearer. A valuable Apple.

Red Bietigheimer. September. A new and very valuable German
variety ; fruit of very large size ; color light yellow, nearly covered with red
(purplish crimson when exposed to the sun). Tree a magnificent spreading
grower, bearing immense crops. Excellent quality.

WINTER APPLES

American Golden Russet (Bullock's Pippin). November to March.
Medium, roundish; dull yellow, slightly russeted ; juicy, rich and spicy.
Moderate grower and good bearer. Excellent table variety.

Baldwin. November to March. Very good, large; yellow, striped with
crimson; crisp, rich, subacid; one of the most reliable in all soils. An old
variety but one of the very best.

Bellefleur. November to February. Large; yellow, with a tinge of red
on the sunny side ; flesh crisp, juicy, with a sprightly, aromatic flavor ; a
beautiful and excellent fruit. Valuable for baking. The tree is a free grower
and a good bearer.

Fallawater. November to February. A very large and handsome Apple
from Pennsylvania ; quality good. Tree vigorous ; bears young and abundan Jy.
An excellent variety for domestic use.

King of Tompkins County. November to March. A superb red
Apple of the largest size and finest quality. Tree a vigorous grower and good
bearer; hardy.

Northern Spy. November to March. Very good, large; pale yellow,
striped with red ; fine-grained and tender, with a peculiarly fresh and delicious
flavor, slightly subacid ; a fine dessert Apple, requiring high culture.

Rhode Island Greening. November to February. Everywhere well
known and popular ; tree spreading and vigorous ; a great and constant bearer
in nearly all soils and situations ; fruit rather acid, but excellent for dessert
and cooking.

Smith's Cider. November to March. Large, handsome, red and yellow;
juicy, acid ; quality medium ; a moderate grower and good bearer ; succeeds
well in the South and West.

Wealthy. November to February. Originated near St. Paul, Minn
Fruit medium, roundish; skin smooth, mostly covered with dark red; flesh
white, fine, juicy, vinous, subacid ; very good. Tree very hardy, a free
grower and productive.

112

THE CRAB APPLE

Plant 25 to 35 feet apart. These trees are very useful for ornamental pur-
poses. They make fine heads, have handsome foliage, and exquisitely colored blos-
soms. One of the finest fruits for preserving.

Hyslop. October. Large, deep crimson; very popular on account of its
large size and beauty. Tree vigorous.

Large Red Siberian. September and October. Medium ; bright red,
covered with a light, transparent bloom ; excellent for preserving.

Large Yellow Siberian. September and October. Pale yellow, with a
light blush ; very valuable for preserving.

Transcendent. September. Very good, large ; yellow, mostly covered
with red ; very agreeable when fully mellow ; vigorous and productive.

CHERRIES

Plant 30 to 40 feet apart. Aside from their desirability for domestic use, the
cherry is a profitable tree, and very ornamental. They prefer a light, loamy soil,
and will not thrive in wet or clayey land.

LARGE RED SOUR CH ERRIES— DUK ES AND MORELLOS

Early Richmond. June. An early, red, acid Cherry; valuable for cook-
ing ; early in the season.

Empress Eugenie. Mid-July. Large, dark red; flesh juicy, rich.
Similar in appearance and quality to the May Duke.

May Duke. Mid- June. An old, well-known, excellent variety; large,
dark red, juicy, subacid, rich. Tree hardy, vigorous and fruitful. Ripens
over a long period.

Montmorency (Ordinaire). July. A beautiful large, red, acid Cherry;
larger and finer than Early Richmond and fully ten days later. Extraordi-
narily prolific and very hardy. A free grower.

Late Duke. July and August. Large, dark red, heart-shaped; flesh yel-
lowish, with pleasant flavor. Excellent for dessert or canning.

LARGE SWEET C H ERRIES — H E ART S AND BIGARREAUS

Black Eagle. July. A very excellent English variety; large size, deep
purple, or nearly black. Flesh deep purple, tender, with a rich, high-flavored
juice. Ripens a few days later than the Black Tartarian.

Black Tartarian. Late June. Fruit of the largest size, bright purplish
black ; flesh purplish, thick, juicy, very rich and delicious. A vigorous, erect
grower, and an immense bearer. An excellent table fruit.

Governor Wood. Mid -June. Large, light yellow, shaded with bright
red ; flesh nearly tender, juicy, sweet, rich and delicious ; a vigorous grower
and very productive.

Napoleon. July. A magnificent Cherry of the largest size; pale yellow,
becoming amber in the shade, richly dotted and spotted with deep red, and
with a bright red cheek ; flesh very firm, juicy and sweet. A free grower.

Yellow Spanish. Late June. Large; pale yellow, with a red cheek in
the sun ; flesh firm, juicy and delicious ; one of the best, most beautiful and
popular of all light-colored Cherries.

113

ANDORRA 7V&R&ERIES

ChestnutHW, 'Philadelphia

NUTS AND NUT TREES

" Nut culture is an industry that until recently has received but little atten-
tion. The large returns from individual trees and the immense profits from estab-
lished orchards have stimulated the interest, and our foremost enterprising fruit-
growers are planting Nut Trees largely for market purposes; and others who
enjoy the nuts during the winter are realizing that in order to have an abundant
supply it is only necessary to plant the trees, as hardy varieties are now grown that
succeed in all sections of the United States."

CHESTNUTS

American Sweet. For quality and sweetness of its nuts, this well-known
tree of our forests is unsurpassed. See page 43.

Spanish. A handsome round-headed tree, producing abundantly very
large nuts that find ready market at good prices. See page 43.

HYBRID CHESTNUTS

Paragon. An early and heavy bearer, producing large, sweet nuts. It
also makes a desirable shade tree.

Numbo. Very hardy and productive. Bears early; nuts very large and of
good flavor.

SHELLBARK. See Carya alba, under Deciduous Trees.
WALNUT, Black. See Juglans nigra, under Deciduous Trees.

PEACHES

Plant 15 to 20 feet apart. Few fruit trees give more satisfaction than the
Peach. They succeed best on warm light soil, which should be well enriched.
Keep the ground clean and mellow around the trees, and give an occasional dress-
ing of wood-ashes. They must be regularly and carefully examined, to hold the
borer in check, and when they are found, cut them out at once. Peach trees need
heavy pruning, especially when planted.

Belle of Georgia. Mid-August. An excellent new white-fleshed Peach.
Skin creamy white, with red cheek. A freestone of extreme hardiness.

Crawford's Early. Mid -August. A magnificent large yellow Peach of
good quality. Its fine size, beauty, vigor and productiveness commend it.

Crawford's Late. Last of September. Fruit of large size; skin yellow
or greenish yellow, with dull red cheek ; flesh yellow ; tree vigorous.

Elberta. Mid -August. Of great size and beauty; yellow, with red
cheek. Flesh yellow, juicy and delicious. A very prolific, freestone variety.

Mountain Rose. Early August. Large red; flesh white, juicy, rich
and excellent ; one of the best early varieties.

Morris White. Early September. Medium; straw-color, tinged with
red ; juicy and delicious ; freestone and very prolific.

Oldmixon Free. Early September. Large, roundish or slightly oval;
skin pale yellowish white, marbled with red, the cheeks a deep red ; flesh
white and tender, with an excellent rich, sugary and vinous flavor. Freestone.

Stump the World. Late September. Good, large, creamy white and
red ; flesh white, juicy and highly flavored. Very productive. Freestone.

114

Lonicera Japonica, var. Halleana.

Vitis vulpina (Frost Grape). See page 107.

PEACHES, continued

Susquehanna. Late September. A large, handsome variety, nearly
globular; skin rich yellow, with beautiful red cheek; flesh yellow, sweet,
juicy, with a rich vinous flavor. Freestone.

Troth's Early. Late September. A very early and excellent Peach, of
medium size ; whitish, with a fine red cheek ; flesh white, juicy, sweet and
very good ; one of the most popular and profitable varieties for early market-
ing. Freestone.

Ward's Late. First of October. Large; yellowish white, with red cheek
in the sun; flesh nearly white ; tree vigorous. Freestone.

Wheatland. Early October. The largest, hardiest and best of its season;
flesh yellow, firm, juicy, of good quality. Freestone.

PEARS

Plant 25 to 30 feet apart. The following list will be found to cover the
fruiting season, and, as the sorts listed are all tested and standard varieties, we arc
sure they will give every satisfaction.

SUMMER PEARS

Bartlett. September. Large, yellow; very, juicy, fine-grained, buttery,
sweet and highly perfumed ; vigorous and productive, commencing to bear
when quite young.

Clapp's Favorite. August and September. Very good, large; lemon-
yellow, marbled with crimson; fine-grained, juicy, buttery, melting, sweet,
vinous, and a little perfumed. Vigorous and very productive.

Doyenne d'Ete. Late July. Very good, small: yellow, dotted with red;
melting, juicy, sweet and pleasant. Vigorous and productive.

AUTUMN AND WINTER PEARS

Beurre d'Anjou. October and November. Large, russety yellow; melt-
ing, juicy, with a brisk vinous flavor; vigorous and very productive.

Buffum. September. Good, medium; deep yellow, shaded with red;
juicy, buttery and sweet ; very vigorous, productive and reliable.

Duchesse d'Angouleme. October. Very good; very large; greenish
yellow, spotted with russet ; juicy, buttery and rich ; a magnificent dessert
Pear.

Howell. September to October. Very good, large; light yellow, with
red cheeks and russet dots; juicy, melting, with a brisk vinous flavor; free
grower and profuse bearer.

Kieffer's Hybrid. October and November. This originated on the
grounds of Peter Kieffer, within two miles of Andorra. Hybrid, by the
crossing of the Chinese Sand Pear with a European sort which is supposed
to be the William. This variety produces constantly every season ; the fruit
is large ; the flesh firm, white, buttery, juicy, of good quality. An excellent
sort for canning.

Lawrence. November to January. Medium; light yellow, with brown
dots ; juicy, melting, sweet and aromatic ; moderate grower, abundant bearer,
and unsurpassed among winter Pears.

117

ANDORRA W&RSERIES
ChevtnutHill, 'Philadelphia

AUTUMN AND WINTER PEARS, continued

Rutter. October and November. Fruit medium to large and nearly globu-
lar; skin rough, greenish yellow, sprinkled with russet; flesh white, mode-
rately juicy, melting, sweet, slightly vinous ; good bearer. Very good.

Seckel. August to October. The standard of excellence in the Pear;
small, but of the highest flavor. Tree a stout, slow, erect grower.

Sheldon. October. A Pear of the very first quality; large, round;
russet and red ; melting, rich and delicious. Tree vigorous, erect and hand-
some, and bears well.

Worden- Seckel. October to December. One of the newer varieties.
A seedling of the Seckel, but larger and a better keeper. Flesh fine-grained,
juicy and buttery.

JAPAN PLUMS

The hardy varieties of this class have been well tested in nearly all sections,
and are proving most valuable introductions, succeeding in many places where the
European varieties cannot be depended on. They unite size, beauty and produc-
tiveness. Trees are ornamental, wonderfully productive, and come into bearing
at the age of two or three years. Flesh firm and meaty. The following varieties
have all fruited at Andorra, and we recommend them highly.

Abundance. Early August. Tree a strong and handsome grower, thrifty
and hardy ; produces large crops of showy fruit in the greatest profusion.
Large, oblong, nearly covered with bright red and with a heavy bloom ; flesh
orange-yellow, sweet, melting, rich, juicy, of most excellent quality.

Burbank. Late August. A very vigorous grower, usually producing a
crop the second year after transplanting. Large, nearly globular; clear cherry
red, with a thin lilac bloom ; flesh deep yellow, very sweet, with a very agree-
able flavor. Hardy ; one of the best for both garden and market planting.

Chabot. Late July. Very large, oblong, bright yellow covered with car-
mine ; flesh yellow, very firm and of excellent quality. A prolific bearer.

Satsuma. August. Large, color purple and red, with blue bloom; flesh
firm, juicy, dark red or blood color, of fine quality ; pit very small. Hardy
and vigorous grower.

Willard. Late July to early August. Dark red bordering on purple;
flesh white, firm and excellent. A vigorous grower, hardy and productive.

QUINCES

Plant 15 feet apart. This tree thrives best in a deep rich soil, and should not
be severely pruned. It is subject to attacks from the borer and should be exam-
ined frequently.

Champion. An American sort, as large as the Portugal Quince; very fine ;
bright yellow, good quality ; a good keeper.

Orange (Apple). Large; fine golden color; quite tender, with a very
excellent flavor ; very productive and quite tender when stewed. An old but
popular sort.

Rea's Mammoth. Very large and fine variety; fruit round and large as
an orange. Tree vigorous and bears well.

118

CHOICE,

Small Fruits

BLACKBERRIES

Plant 6 to 8 feet apart in a moderately rich soil, cutting off the tops to within
3 or 4 inches of the ground. As soon as they bear, cut out the old wood, leaving
only the new shoots for the following season. During the growing season cut back
the ends of the strong shoots ; this tends to produce larger and finer berries.

Early Harvest. The berry is of fair size (not large), long form; splen-
did shipper and of good quality ; juicy and of excellent flavor, requiring but
little sugar. Early, hardy and excessively prolific.

Eldorado. Good size, extra fine quality, extreme hardiness, great pro-
ductiveness, — a rare combination of first-class qualities not often met with in
one fruit.

Erie. Berries medium or large size, black when ripe; firm, sweet and of
good quality.

Kittatinny. Large, juicy, sweet and excellent ; hardy and productive.
Considered a profitable late berry.

Snyder. Berry medium, but of excellent quality; hardy, of strong growth
and enormously productive ; ripens early.

Wilson Junior. Of large size and unsurpassed production, fine flavor and
early ; an excellent market sort.

CURRANTS

Plant 4 to 5 feet apart. No small fruit is more useful or more generally
planted. Every garden should have a few. They are of easiest culture, thriving
in almost any soil and needing little care. Prune very little, only remove sufficient
old wood to induce new growth.

Cherry. Red ; very large ; on a small bunch ; a strong grower.
Fay's Prolific. Red. The most productive red Currant.

Red Dutch. Very good; large and rich -flavored; very productive, hardy
and reliable ; valuable for the market.

White Dutch. One of the largest, finest and best whites; very productive.

Lee's Prolific. Black. We recommend this sort as the best black, and
unsurpassed for culinary purposes.

GOOSEBERRIES

Plant 4 to 5 feet apart. A fruit always in demand, and no one can afford to
do without them. They require a deep, rich soil and careful, thorough pruning.

Downing. Very large, whitish green, soft and juicy. Vigorous and very
productive. Excellent for family use.

Houghton. Very good. Medium, pale red, very tender. Vigorous and
very productive.

Industry. One of the few varieties that are free from mildew in this
country. Dark red ; large and of fine flavor.

119

Chestnut Hill,

GOOSEBERRIES, continued

Smith's Improved. Large, light green, firm. Moderately vigorous and
exceedingly productive. Requires good soil, and is unsurpassed for table use
and cooking.

Chautauqua. This white Gooseberry is of the finest quality and size, and
excels in vigor and yield. Probably a seedling of some English sort. The
bush of the Chautauqua is a very vigorous, stout, stiff, upright grower. It
should not be planted closer than 4 by 6 feet apart. Its leaves are large, glossy
and dark green. Its fruit is of a beautiful color, perfectly free of spines and
hair, veined and translucent, averaging in size I to I Y* inches in diameter. It
is rather thick-skinned, but very sweet and of exquisite flavor.

GRAPES

Plant 8 feet apart. No fruit gives more satisfactory returns for the care
bestowed upon them. They require a deep, rich, well-drained soil. They can be
trained on stakes, but a wire trellis is found the most satisfactory. Prune closely
each spring, before the buds break, leaving but two or three eyes of the past year's
wood. Wood-ashes and ground bone are excellent fertilizers.

BLACK

Concord. A large, compact, shouldered bunch ; berries large, black and
of excellent flavor. One of the most popular and desirable sorts.

Moore's Karly. Very large bunch, and large berry, bluish black, sweet
and pf excellent flavor. Ripens very early.

Worden. Bunch large and shouldered; berry large, juicy and sweet, with
excellent flavor. This sort resembles Concord, but ripens much later. A
good variety for any purpose.

RED

Brighton. Bunch large and shouldered; berry medium, sweet, tender
and slightly aromatic. Ripens early.

Catawba. Bunch medium and shouldered; berry large, sweet and aro-
matic. An excellent sort and one of the most popular.

Delaware. Bunch small and very compact; berry small, sweet and aro-
matic. An early sort and quite popular.

WHITE

Geneva. Bunch medium; berry of good size, thin-skinned, sweet and
delicious. One of the newer sorts and of excellent quality.

Green Mountain. Bunches of good size and heavily shouldered; berry
medium, greenish white, sweet, juicy and tender. An excellent variety and
very hardy.

Niagara. Bunch large and shouldered; berry large, greenish yellow,
sweet, juicy and tender. A popular and productive variety.

Pocklington. Bunch large and compact, sometimes shouldered; berry
large, golden yellow, juicy and of excellent flavor. A seedling of Concord,
and one of the best.

120

No. i, Persian Yellow Rose. Page 116.
No. 2, Rosa setigera. Page in.

No. 3
No. 4

Cluster of Crimson Rambler. Page in.

MOSS Rose. Page i jo.

CHOICE

RASPBERRIES

Plant 4 to 6 feet apart, cutting the canes to within 3 or 4 inches of the ground.
Wood which has borne should be removed, leaving only new canes for the follow-
ing season. They grow in almost any soil, but prefer a light, rich loam. Give
thorough cultivation and enrich liberally.

Columbian. Red. Very large, dark red, rich and delicious. One of the
newer sorts, which promises to be valuable.

Cuthbert. Red. Large; firm; deep, rich crimson; of excellent quality;
tall, strong and vigorous ; perfectly hardy and very productive ; succeeds well
in almost all localities ; ripens medium to late.

Golden Queen. Yellow. Berries large, golden yellow, bright and firm,
and of fine, rich flavor; vigorous, productive and healthy.

Gregg. Black. Large and of finest flavor. Ripens late and is an excel-
lent producer.

Hansell. Red. Medium; bright crimson; very firm, rich and of good
quality ; very early ; desirable for market and one of the very best for home
culture.

Mammoth Cluster (Miami). Black. Very good; medium size; fine-
flavored. Very late.

STRAWBERRIES

Strawberries succeed in any good garden soil, but prefer it light, rich and
moist. Plant in beds 4 feet wide, leaving a walk between the beds, and set the
plants 15 to 1 8 inches apart. A mulch of short straw or grass will help hold the
moisture and keep the fruit clean. A covering of long manure or leaves during
the winter months will be found beneficial.

Bederwood. Early. Berry of large size, bright red and of excellent

quality.
Bismarck. Early. A self -fertilizing berry of excellent quality, large size,

fine shape and good color.
Brandywine. Late. Berries large, bright crimson and very fine, and of

fine flavor.
Bubach. Mid-season. Berry large, good shape, bright scarlet and of

good quality.

Chas. Downing. Mid-season. Medium to large, conical; bright crim-
son, moderately firm, juicy and of superb flavor. One of the very best for
home use.

Gandy. Late. Berries large, bright crimson, and of excellent quality.
Very productive and in all respects a desirable berry.

Gladstone. Mid -season. Berries large, of fine shape and quality. The
plant is very hardy and productive.

Marshall. Early. Berry of large size, deep, rich crimson color, and of
delicious flavor.

Sharpless. Mid-season. A grand variety in every respect ; berries uni-
formly very large, deep, clear red ; moderately firm, sweet and excellent ; a
strong grower and very productive.

123

Esculent Roots

ASPARAGUS

Asparagus prefers a rich, light or sandy soil. The ground should be well
manured and dug or plowed very deep. Strike out furrows 3 feet apart. Set the
plants in the bottom of the furrows, about 10 or 12 inches apart, and cover the
crowns about 3 inches deep. They may be planted in autumn, or early in the
spring. From 200 to 500 plants will be sufficient to supply a moderate-sized
family. The ground should be kept clean and well worked, and as the plants
increase in size the furrows should be gradually filled in until the crowns are cov-
ered from 6 to 9 inches beneath the surface by the end of the second season. The
bed should be cleared off and covered with manure in the autumn and dug or
plowed across the rows very early in the spring, exercising care that the crowns
shall not be injured. A light sprinkling of salt or brine in the spring is beneficial.
If properly planted and cared for, an Asparagus bed will continue to yield for
twenty-five years or longer, if on congenial soil.

Barr's Mammoth. A new variety, originated in Montgomery county,
Pennsylvania, for which the introducers claim large size, great productiveness
and superior quality. This claim is endorsed by many large Asparagus
growers who have seen it and been familiar with it for years. They also claim
it brings ten cents per bunch more than other varieties in Philadelphia markets.

Conover's Colossal. This variety is much superior in size and quality to
any other, being remarkably tender and fine-flavored.

RHUBARB

This deserves to be ranked among the best early products of the garden. It
affords the earliest material for fine pies and fresh table sauce, continues long in use,
and is valuable for canning. Make the ground rich and deep, as for asparagus.
Plant 4 feet apart each way.

Myatt's Linnaeus. Those who have never grown this variety, which is
of superior quality, will hardly recognize the old " Pie Plant." It is an early,
tender variety, without being in the least tough or stringy, with a mild sub-
acid flavor.

Giant Early Prince, Early Crimson, Early Scarlet.

MEMORANDA

124

CULTURAL DIRECTIONS

PREPARATION OF THE GROUND.— Always select an open, sunny place,
exposed to full light and air. Roses appear to best advantage when planted in
beds or masses. Roses will grow in any fertile soil, but are much improved in
bloom, fragrance and beauty by rich soil, liberal manuring and good cultivation.
The ground should be subsoiled and well spaded to the depth of 2 feet or more,
and enriched by digging in good cow manure or other good fertilizing material.
Roses are gross feeders and require a quantity of manure. Renew old beds by de-
cayed sods taken from old pasture-land.

PLANTING. — When the ground is thoroughly prepared — fine and in nice
condition — put in the plant slightly deeper than it was before, spread the roots out
evenly in their natural position, and cover them with fine earth, taking care to draw
it closely around the stem, and pack firmly with the hand. It is very important that
the earth be tightly pressed down on the roots. Budded Roses should be planted
3 inches below the bud, but in all cases avoid deep planting. A mulch of litter
will be found very beneficial.

WATERING. — If the ground is dry when planted, water thoroughly after plant-
ing, so as to soak the earth down below the roots, and, if hot or windy, it may be
well to shade for a few days. After this not much water is required, unless the
weather is unusually dry.

PRUNING. — Old and decayed branches and at least half the previous season's
wood should be cut away early each spring, and a little cutting back after the first
blooming will insure more late flowers. Climbing and Pillar Roses should not be
cut back ; but the tips of the shoots only should be taken off, and any weak or
unripe shoots cut out altogether.

FALL AND WINTER TREATMENT

In the fall the Rose beds should have a good dressing of stable manure or other
fertilizer. The winter rains will carry the strength to the roots, and the remaining
matter makes a nice mulch, which in many places is all the protection necessary.
Where the winters are not very severe tender Roses may be covered with clean rye-
straw, leaves or evergreen branches, not too thickly, but so as to permit consider-
able circulation of air and not to retain water ; nothing should be used that will
ferment, heat or rot. The object of covering is to break the force of sudden and
violent changes, particularly in March, when the plants should be protected from
the sun, rather than from cold, the sudden thawing of the frozen wood doing the
damage.

125

Chestnut Hill, 'Philadelphia

BRIAR ROSES

AUSTRIAN BRIARS

Harrison's Yellow. Flowers of medium size and semi -double ; color
golden yellow. A very free bloomer.

Persian Yellow. Austrian Rose. Perfectly hardy; flowers double and
full, deep golden yellow in color; blooms very freely in June. The finest
hardy yellow Rose grown. This Rose requires careful pruning. Remove the
weakly wood altogether, and shorten only a few inches the shoots left for
flowering. If pruned close it will not bloom, as the flowers are produced
from the terminal shoots of the old wood. (See plate on page 121.)

SWEETBRIARS

Rosa rubiginosa. A charming shrub Rose of dense growth, fragrant
foliage, bright pink flowers in June, followed by large orange-red and scarlet
fruits. Should be in every shrubbery border.

ROSA RUBIGINOSA HYBRIDS (PENZANCE BRIARS)

Amy Robsart. Lovely deep rose ; Lady Penzance. Beautiful soft tint
an abundant bloomer ; robust and of copper ; very free-flowering.

free> Lord Penzance. Soft shade of fawn
Anne of Geierstein. Dark crim- or ecru, passing to a lovely emerald-
son ; foliage large, a good grower, yellow.

with graceful branching habit. Meg Merrilies. Gorgeous crimson,

Brenda. Maiden's blush, or peach. very free-flowering; one of the best.

Flora Mclvor. Pure white, blushed Minna. Large, pure white, open-

with rose. ing with a tint of palest blush.

BUSH ROSES

Rosa Carolina. Swamp Rose. A bushy Rose with dull green foliage and
showy pink flowers from June until the close of September, followed by bright
crimson fruits.

R. lucida. One of the best Roses for shrubberies. Its shining green foli-
age and bright pink flowers in June and July make it one of the showiest, and
with its reddish bark and bright red fruits it is equally attractive in the winter
months.

R. microphylla. A spreading shrub, bearing pale pink flowers in June
and July.

R. multiflora. A vigorous grower, forming a good round specimen bush.
An excellent form for shrubbery borders, and useful for hedges. The foliage
is attractive, and its single white blossoms in June literally cover the plant ;
when planted in masses makes a bank of snowy white.

R. rubrifolia. Red -leaved Rose. A compact, upright grower, with pur-
plish branches and reddish foliage. In June it bears pink flowers, and these
are followed by scarlet fruits. The red foliage is very effective when planted
with other shrubbery.

126

CLIMBING ROSES

Most useful on every place on account of their strong, climbing habit.
They may be trained on porches and trellis, used on old trees and posts, trained to
tall bushes in the shrubberies, and as a covering for old and unsightly outbuildings.
Though they bloom but once a year, their handsome glossy foliage renders them
attractive at all seasons. (See plate on page 131.)

PRAIRIE ROSES
Baltimore Belle. Pale blush, turning white; blooms in clusters.

Grevillea, or Seven Sisters. The flowers, of light rose changing to
white, are borne in clusters.

Prairie Queen. Flowers double, red, and in clusters. One of the best
climbers and bloomers.

Rosa setigera. The Prairie Rose. Is the parent of many of our popular
climbing varieties and one of the most useful. It is of rapid growth, with
foliage large and clean. The single flowers of deep rose are produced in
masses through late lune and July. It is unsurpassed for covering steep banks
and hillsides. (See plate on page 121.)

RAMBLERS

Crimson Rambler. No introduction of recent years has given so much
satisfaction and been so largely planted as this grand Rose. It is a perfectly
hardy and exceptionally strong grower, frequently making shoots of loto 15 feet
in length in a single season. The brilliant crimson flowers are borne in clusters,
retain their color well and remain a long time. (See plate on page 121.)

White Rambler. Thalia. A perfectly hardy, vigorous climber, with
white flowers.

Yellow Rambler. Aglaia. Perfectly hardy, of vigorous growth, bearing
trusses of fragrant semi-double flowers.

EVERBLOOMING ROSES

The Everblooming or Monthly Roses are the only really constant bloomers we
have. They begin to bloom early in the season or almost as soon as planted, and
continue all through the summer and autumn months until stopped by the freezing
weather. They bloom and flourish luxuriantly in all parts of the country from
Canada to Mexico. The flowers are of beautiful form, fullness and delight-
ful fragrance, embracing all the lovely shades and colors that Roses ever assume.
Should be protected well in the winter with a covering of leaves, evergreen boughs
or straw.

HYBRID TEAS

Captain Christy. Flesh. Delicate fleshy white, the center richer in color,
very large and full ; most useful early and late. (See plate on page 132.)

Caroline Testout. Rose. Bright satin -rose, with brighter center, large,
full and globular ; very free and sweet ; a valuable Rose.

Cheshunt Hybrid. Cherry-red. Beautiful cherry-red, large and full;
very free-flowering, and useful for climbing.

12?

EVERBLOOMING ROSES (HYBRID TEAS), continued

Countess of Caledon. Carmine. Rich carmine-rose. Blooms large, of
great substance and perfect form, with large, stout petals, very highly per-
fumed. A first-rate Rose.

Duchess of Albany. Deep pink. In the way of La France, but deeper
in color. The flowers are very large, full and highly perfumed ; one of the
most satisfactory garden Roses.

Gladys Harkness. Salmon -pink. A Rose of very great beauty and dis-
tinctness. The growth is vigorous, and of erect branching habit, flowering
profusely ; the blooms are very large and well built ; petals large, very smooth
and shell-shaped ; color deep salmon-pink, reflex of petals silvery pink ; splen-
did constitution and highly fragrant.

Kaiserin Augusta Victoria. Primrose. A magnificent free -blooming
Rose, of beautiful color ; in every way an excellent variety.

Kathleen. Coral-pink. Color coral-pink, suffused with rose, base of
petal shaded yellow ; perfect form and outline ; medium size ; very floriferous,
and highly perfumed.

L'Innocence. White. Flowers medium, full and globular, always open-
ing well ; color pure white ; the blooms are well formed and freely produced
on erect stems.

La France. Rose. Beautiful bright pink-rose, extra-large, full and fine
form. This is one of the sweetest of Roses, free-blooming, and one of the
best, early and late.

Madame Eugene Boullet. Yellow. Flowers large, cupped, beautiful
in bud ; color bright yellow, shaded with deeper yellow and bright carmine ;
very attractive and distinct.

Souvenir du President Carnot. Flesh -rose. Very free; bud long, in
the way of Niphetos ; flowers very large and full ; color rosy flesh, shaded
white at the edges of the petals ; form perfect. A very fine variety for all
purposes.

MISCELLANEOUS EVERBLOOMING ROSES

Beryl (Tea). Yellow. Deep golden yellow; buds long and perfectly
shaped, very highly perfumed. Wherever cut-flowers are in demand for but-
tonholes or decorative work, this will prove a most valuable acquisition.

Catherine Mermet (Tea). Flesh. Light flesh color, large, full and
globular ; a charming sort, and one of the best for exhibiting.

Clothilde Soupert (Polyantha). Rosy white. Outer petals pearly white,
centers rosy ; large for its class ; very full and beautifully imbricated ; exquisite.

Etoile de Lyon (Tea). Yellow. Bright sulphur-yellow, fine form.
Good under glass.

Francisca Kruger (Tea). Yellow peach. Coppery yellow, shaded with
peach, large and full. A grand Rose. Very useful for cutting.

Francis Dubreuil (Tea). Crimson. Flowering abundantly; flowers
large, beautiful in the bud ; color velvety crimson. A variety of much merit,
and much the best of this color.

128

MISCELLANEOUS EVERBLOOMING ROSES continued

Herrnosa (China). Pink. Much like old blush in color; flowers rather
full, and freely produced ; a good grower.

Maman Cochet (Tea). Rosy white. An extra-strong grower, produc-
ing its large buds and flowers in the greatest profusion ; color deep rose-pink,
inner side of petals silvery rose ; borne on long, stiff stems ; very double and
exquisite when in bud.

Souvenir de la Malmaison (Bourbon). Flesh. Clear flesh, edges blush;
very large and double; deliciously scented and beautiful, particularly so in
the autumn.

White Maman Cochet (Tea). White. Identical with Maman Cochet,
except in color ; an ideal bedding variety.

HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSES

These are strong growers, with fine large foliage and magnificent flowers.
They are generally known as June Roses, as they produce their grand display of
bloom in that month. The following sorts cover a good range of color and are
all tested and desirable :

Alfred K. Williams. Carmine-red. Large, full, and of most perfect
form ; a brilliant and beautiful variety ; a free bloomer and fragrant.

Baroness Rothschild. Rose. Very beautiful pale rose ; very large and
of superb form ; a grand Rose.

Captain Hayward. Carmine -crimson. Bright carmine -crimson, of per-
fect form, and sweetly scented ; certainly a grand Rose.

Clio. Flesh. Shaded in the center with rosy pink; large and globular
in form.

Boule de Neige. White. Pure white, of beautiful form; very free
bloomer and good grower; a most useful Rose for bedding or climbing.

Eugene Verdier. Rose -flesh. Very bright rosy flesh, shaded with silvery
white ; free bloomer and beautiful.

General Jacqueminot. Scarlet. Brilliant crimson -scarlet ; very large and
full ; very fragrant ; an excellent variety for all purposes.

Lady Helen Stewart. Crimson -scarlet. Very bright crimson, shaded
with scarlet; a good grower and abundant bloomer; very highly perfumed.

Louis Van Houtte. Red -crimson. Red, shaded crimson, most vivid
and distinct ; large, full and fine form ; one of the best.

Magna Charta. Rose. Fine bright rose, very large and full; fine early
in season.

Madame Gabriel Luizet. Silvery pink. Light silvery pink; very free
bloomer and an excellent hardy sort ; a grand flower, and quite distinct ;
best in early season.

Margaret Dickson. White. White, with pale flesh center; petals very
large, shell-shaped ; of immense substance and magnificent form ; growth very
vigorous ; a very fine variety.

129

HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSES, continued

Merveille de Lyon. White. Center slightly rose-peach; a grand, full
cup-shaped flower of large size, hardy and free ; one of the best.

Mrs. R. G. Sharman-Crawford. Rose -pink. Deep rosy pink, the outer
petals shaded with pale flesh, white at base of petals, and distinct from all
other Hardy Perpetual Roses ; one of the very finest Roses grown.

Mrs. John Laing. Pink. Soft pink in color, very large and of fine form;
a good grower and abundant bloomer ; a variety of special merit.

Paul Neyron. Deep rose. Flowers of enormous size. Fine foliage
and growth.

Prince Camille de Rohan. Deep crimson. Deep velvety crimson,
large, full and of fine form ; very beautiful.

Ulrich Brunner. Cherry-crimson. Large size, fine form; a good
garden or exhibition Rose. (See plate on page 132.)

MOSS ROSES

The Moss Rose, admired for the beautiful moss covering of the buds, is a
strong, vigorous grower, perfectly hardy, and therefore justly esteemed as very
desirable for outdoor culture. Most varieties bloom but once in the season, and
usually not the first year, but the flowers and buds are very large and handsome,
remain in bloom a long time, and are highly prized wherever beautiful Roses are
known. They like rich ground, and are much improved in beauty and fragrance
by liberal manuring and good cultivation. (See plate on page 121.)

Blanche Moreau White. Pure white, perfect form, well mossed; the
finest white moss Rose.

Crimson Globe. Deep crimson. Buds nicely mossed ; flowers deep
crimson, large, full and globular ; growth very vigorous.

Zenobia. Rose. Flowers fine satin -rose color, very soft and pleasing;
large, full, globular, and exceedingly fragrant ; buds well mossed ; growth
vigorous.

RUGOSA ROSES

Rosa rugosa. Japanese Roses. These Japanese Roses form sturdy bushes.
They are perfectly hardy in the most trying places, standing hot suns well
and thriving in dry or sandy soils. The dark, rich, leathery foliage is oddly
wrinkled ; the large, fragrant single and semi-double flowers are produced in
profusion throughout the summer. In the autumn they are followed by
orange -red and scarlet heps or seed-pods. Rugosa is extremely useful in
rough situations and shrubbery borders, and we know of no Rose that sur-
passes it. We ask special attention to the beautiful hybrid varieties described
on page 133. All have excellent foliage, and their flowers are a decided
change from the regular rugosa blooms.

R. rugosa, var. alba. White flowers.

R. rugosa, var. rosea. Pink flowers.

R. rugosa, var. rubra. Red flowers.
130

No. i, Climbing Rose on Tree. See page 127. No. 2, Rosa rugosa. See page ijo.

No. i, Captain Christy. See pasje 127. No. 2, Ulrich Brunner. See page 130.

ROSA RUGOSA HYBRIDS. New

Atropurpurea. The flowers, produced in large bunches, are, in the bud
state, almost blackish crimson, and pass as they open to maroon-crimson ;
certainly the finest of the class.

Blanc Double de Coubert. A double white form of Rugosa alba; large
and showy.

Conrad F. Meyer. Very large flowers ; color clear silvery rose ; very
fragrant. The bud is as well formed as La France ; very good.

Madame Georges Bruant. Paper-white, large and double, produced in
clusters ; a valuable pure white decorative Rose, and the first of a new race of
hybrids ; quite distinct.

Madame Charles Worth. Rosy carmine, semi -double ; flowering in

large bunches.

Mrs. F. Waterer. Color deep crimson, flowering in great clusters; blooms
semi-double ; very fragrant.

WICHURAIANA ROSES

EVERGREEN JAPANESE TRAILING ROSES

These single Roses and the double hybrid varieties are a most desirable class,
as their trailing habit permits their use as a ground-cover. Planted in masses on
banks and rockeries they produce gorgeous effects ; their evergreen foliage re
maining nearly all winter, and sometimes until spring.

Rosa Wichuraiana. The Trailing Rose. This valuable Japanese variety
is a low, trailing species, the branches creeping close to the earth and taking
root, so that it makes a dense, close mass. The foliage is small and of a dark
shining green. The flowers, l)4 to 2 inches in diameter, are produced in
clusters at the ends of the branches, and are pure white, with bright yellow
stamens ; when in bloom the plant is literally covered with white. The flowers
are followed by bright scarlet seed-pods, which are retained until late in the
fall. As a covering or ground plant it is as valuable as the ivy, periwinkle or
honeysuckle, and is especially good for covering barren places or rocky ledges.
It can also be trained to grow on a trellis. (See plate on page 122.)

WICHURAIANA HYBRIDS

All these Hybrids retain the good qualities of the parent plant ; namely,
extreme hardiness, rapidity of growth, adaptability to all soils and exposures, and
evergreen foliage. In addition to these good points the flowers of the Hybrids have
fragrance, size and color.

Evergreen Gem. Flowers buff in the bud, changing to creamy white;
very double, 2 to 3 inches in diameter ; foliage dense, of a rich, bronzy green.

Gardenia. Buds bright yellow; open double flowers cream color, 3 to
3 Yz inches in diameter. Delightfully fragrant. A free bloomer.

Manda's Triumph. A grand, free -flowering Rose; foliage rich and lux-
uriant. The flowers — double, pure white and 2 inches in diameter — are well
formed, very fragrant, and borne in clusters of 25 to 50 blooms.

133

WICHURAIANA HYBRID ROSES, continued

Pink Roamer. This is a hybrid between Wichuraiana and the Sweetbriar,
whose characteristics are shown in the fragrant single flowers of rich pink, with
almost white centers and orange-red stamens. The blooms are about 2 inches
in diameter and produced in close heads, and the foliage is luxuriant. (See
plate on page 122.)

South Orange Perfection. This variety grows closer to the ground than
the others. The double flowers are soft blush-pink at the tips, changing to
white.

Universal Favorite. A very vigorous variety. The strong shoots are
densely covered with bright green foliage ; the fragrant double flowers, over
2 inches in diameter and of a soft rose color, are borne in profusion.

DICKSON'S WICHURAIANA HYBRIDS

Irish Beauty. Color pure white, with distinct and prominent bright
golden anthers, which contrast perfectly with the color of the petals ; flowers
very large, often measuring 5 inches across, borne in clusters ; very free-flow-
ering and deliciously fragrant. Unquestionably the finest single Rose yet
raised. A great acquisition.

Irish Glory. A most striking flower of immense size, produced in large
clusters, the excessive venation rendering the color into a lovely marbled, sil-
very pink on the inside of the petals, making it contrast with the golden
anthers, a combination beyond description ; and, being flamed on back of petals
with crimson, is a real gem in every sense of the word ; sweetly and strongly
perfumed, and a splendid grower.

Irish Modesty. A very beautiful variety; color an exquisitely delicate
coral-pink suffused from base of petals with ecru ; its delicate straw-colored
anthers make a charming tout ensemble ; the blooms are large and very plenti-
fully produced.

MEMORANDA

134

MEMORANDA

135

DURING the past five years there has been an increasing interest in this class
of plants, and each year helps to establish more firmly their popularity.
There is no greater satisfaction to one who really loves his garden than to watch
some last year's favorite come up in its accustomed place when spring approaches,
like the wildwood flowers that return to us with every season and require no hand
to plant or tend them. We offer in the following list a selection of the very best,
not only for garden work but suitable for planting along the borders of woods, in
boggy land, for rockery work, and as a ground-cover for bare spaces under trees
where grass will not grow. This is but a partial list of our stock, and if sorts
are needed that are not given here, write us about them.

Descriptions are given as follows : First the height, then the time of bloom-
ing, next color of the flower, followed by any special remarks.

ACHILLEA filipendulina. Noble Yarrow. 2 feet; July; golden yellow.
The flowers are borne in flat corymbs. Vigorous and showy.

A. millefolium, var. roseum. Rosy Milfoil. 18 inches; all summer;
bright pink ; flowers in dense heads on good stems for cutting ; an excellent
border plant. Foliage dark green and finely cut.

A. Ptarmica, var. The Pearl. 2 feet; all summer; pure white; flowers
in broad heads on strong stems. Excellent for cutting.

A. tomentosum. Woolly Yarrow. 12 inches; June; bright yellow;
flowers in flat heads ; foliage deeply cut and handsome. Excellent for the
rockery, or for dry, sunny slopes.

ACONITUM Fischeri. Monk's Hood. 3 feet; September and Octo-
ber ; pale blue. Thrives in sunny or shady places.

A. Lycoctonum. Wolf's-bane. 3 feet; June to September; yellow or
creamy white ; flowers in branching spikes, and very showy. These are very
poisonous plants, and should be planted where there is no danger of children
eating any part of them. Nothing succeeds better under trees and in shady
positions.

ADONIS vernalis. Spring Adonis. I foot; April and May; yellow.
One of the earliest spring flowers, with fine, feathery foliage. Thrives in sun
or partial shade ; excellent for rockwork or borders.

ALTHAEA rosea. Hollyhock. Beginning with July, their large spikes
of beautiful showy flowers, in all colors, and in both single and double forms,
are not surpassed by any other garden plant. They thrive best in a well-
drained situation, and in rich, deep soil.

NAMED VARIETIES. — We offer a selection of ten excellent named sorts,
covering a full range of color.

136

ALYSSUM saxatile, var. compactum. Golden Tuft, i foot ; May
and June ; bright yellow. Flowers in flat heads. An excellent plant for
rockery or border.

ANEMONE. Windflower. Desirable fall -flowering plants, thriving
best in well-drained, rich, sandy loam, but grow in any good soil.

A. Japonica; syn., rubra. 2 to 3 feet; September until frost; carmine,
with yellow center.

A. Japonica, var. alba. 2 to 3 feet; September until frost; white. (See
plate on page 141.)

A. Japonica, var. Queen Charlotte. 2 to 3 feet; September until frost;
pink. The flowers are large, semi-double, and of a La France rose color.

A. Japonica, var. Lady Ardilaun. 2 to 3 feet ; September until frost ;
pure white. A beautiful sort, with broad heavy petals.

A. Japonica, var. Whirlwind. 2 to 3 feet ; September until frost ; pure
white. This sort has two or three whorls of beautiful white petals.

A. Pennsylvanicum ; syn., Canadensis. I to 2 feet; June and July;
pure white. An excellent variety for sunny situations or shady borders. The
foliage is beautiful dark green, and the flowers continue a long time. Excellent
as a cover-plant under trees.

ANTHEMIS. Chamomile. Excellent garden plants, thriving even in
poor soil, and producing flowers which are very satisfactory for cutting.

A. tinctoria. 2 feet; June to September; golden yellow.

A. tinctoria, var. Kelwayi. 2 to 3 feet; June to September; golden yel-
low. This variety has very finely cut foliage.

ANTHERICUM Liliago. St. Bernard's Lily. 18 inches ; May and
June; pure white. The flowering spikes resemble small lilies, and the grass-
like foliage is attractive. An excellent border plant and suitable for cutting.

AQUILEGIA. Columbine. Very hardy showy garden plants, pre-
ferring a light, moist, sandy soil, but doing well in any good garden soil.
They are extremely useful for any part of the garden.

A. Canadensis. Common Columbine. I to 2 feet; May to July; scar-
let and yellow. One of the most satisfactory for general planting.

A., var. chrysantha. 3 feet; May to August; golden yellow. One of
the showiest and most satisfactory. Fragrant.

A. chrysantha, var. alba. 3 feet; May. to August; creamy white.

A. cserulea. Rocky Mountain Columbine. 18 inches ; May to July;
blue. An excellent showy species, requiring well-drained situations. (See
plate on page 144.)

A. flabellata. 1^2 feet; April to June; bright lilac or pale blue. An
excellent sort.

A. flabellata, var. nana alba, i foot; April to June; pure white. An
excellent variety, with good foliage and beautiful large flowers.

137

AQUILEGIA flabellata, var. Haylodgensis. 3 feet; May to July.
These are hybrids of A. chrysantha, in a variety of colors.

A. Olympica. 18 inches; May to July; lilac or purple-lilac and yellow.
A fine variety, with very large flowers.

A. Skinned. I to 2 feet; July to September; scarlet. One of the hand-
somest, but requires a light soil and sunny position.

A. vulgaris, var. flore pleno. 1/4 to 2 feet; May to July; white to
blue. An excellent variety, with very double flowers, and colors ranging from
white to blue.

ARABIS alpina, var. nana compacta. Rock Crest. 4 inches; April
and May; pure white. An excellent early-flowering plant. Admirable for
rockeries. Forms a thick carpet, and the dense foliage is covered with flowers.

ARENARIA grandiflora. Sandwort. 6 inches; May and June; white.
Forms a dense carpet of foliage and is covered with large flowers. Grows
well on rocks, but prefers a sunny or partially sunny position.

ARMERIA. Thrift. Very showy dwarf plants, thriving well in any
soil. Their bright evergreen foliage and low habit make them very desirable
for borders and rockeries.

A. maritima. 9 inches; June to September; purple.

A. maritima, var. Laucheana. 9 inches; June to September; bright rose.

A. plantaginea. 18 inches; June to September; pink.

ARTEMISIA Stelleriana. Old Woman. 2 feet; deeply cut, silvery
foliage. This plant is valued solely for its ornamental foliage. It makes an
excellent border plant, stands hard cutting, and can be cut quite low.

ASCLEPIAS tuberosa. Butterfly Weed. 2 feet; July and August;
orange. One of the showiest hardy flowers ; good enough for any border.
Does well on dry banks.

ASTER. Starwort, or Michaelmas Daisy. No garden is complete with-
out some of these excellent plants. One of their chief merits is the lateness
of their blooming. They will be found very desirable either for massing or as
single specimens.

A. alpinus. 9 inches; June and July; purple. The flowers are borne
on good stems and are suitable for cutting. An excellent plant for the rockery.

A. Amellus elegans. 1^2 feet; September and October; blue. One of
the newer and better sorts.

A. amethystinus. 3 to 4 feet; September and October; amethyst -blue.
Beautiful flowers of a very delicate shade.

A. grandiflorus. 2 feet; October and November; violet -blue.

A. grandiflorus, var. Lady Trevelyan. 3 feet; September and October;
white.

138

ASTER grandiflorus, var. Madonna. 4 feet; September and October;
white. The flowers of this sort are very large and snow-white.

A. Novae-Anglise. 4 feet; September and October; bluish purple. One
of the showiest and most popular. (See plate on page 142.)

A. Novae-Anglise, var. rubra. 4 feet; September and October; bright
rose. One of the newer sorts, of a very distinct bright color.

A. pyramidalis hybrida. 2 feet; September and October; deep lavender.
A new sort of excellent habit and color which promises to become very
popular.

A., Robert Parker. 4 feet; September and October; lavender. The
flowers are produced in large sprays, and it will be found one of the most
satisfactory.

A. Tataricus. 5 feet; October and November; purple. One of the
showiest and latest of the class.

A., White Queen. 4 feet; September and October; white.

A. cordifolius. 2/^ feet; September and October; pinkish white.
Excellent for planting along the border of woods.

ASTILBE (Spirea) Japonica. i% feet; June; white. A very useful
border plant ; the foliage is dark green and handsome, and the flower-spikes
are very showy. This is the sort so much used for forcing at Easter.

BAPTISIA australis. False Indigo. 2 feet; June and July; blue.
Thrives well in any garden soil, but prefers a sunny position.

BELEMCANDA Chinensis; syn., Pardanthus. Blackberry Lily.
4 feet ; June to September ; orange-red. A free grower, preferring rich,
light soil and sunny position. The flowers are prettily marked with brown
spots, and are followed by showy black seeds.

BOCCONIA cordata. 5 feet; July and August ; white. Does best in a
rich soil, and when well grown the large terminal panicles of feathery flowers
are very showy.

BETONICA. See Stachys.

BOLTONIA asteroides. 4 feet; August and September; white. Aster-
like flowers ; an excellent plant for border work and produces magnificent
effects when planted in masses.

B. latisquama. 4 feet; August and September; light lilac. Possibly the

handsomest of this class, and one of the showiest border flowers.

CALIMERI3 incisa. 18 inches; July to September; light blue. An
excellent plant for border work.

CALLIRHOE involucrata. 8 to 12 inches; all summer; rosy crimson.
Of trailing habit, with handsome cut foliagj and producing a constant supply
of showy flowers. Useful for rockeries and wild gardens.

139

f V

Chestnuftfilf, 'Philadelphia

CAMPANULA. Bell-flower. A class of hardy, vigorous plants impor-
tant for the hardy border, as they bloom in summer at a time when there is
little else. Useful for cut -flowers.

C. Carpatica. 9 inches; June to September; deep blue. An excellent
plant for edging borders or rockery work.

C. Carpatica, var. alba. 9 inches; June to September; pure white.

C. Carpatica, var. turbinata. 6 inches ; June to September; purple.
A dwarfer grower than C. Carpatica.

C. glomerata, var. Dahurica. Clustered Bell-flower. 2 feet; June to
September ; bluish purple. An erect grower, with showy heads of flowers.

C. persicifolia. Peach-leaved Bell-flower. 18 inches; June and July;
blue. Foliage deep green ; flowers in tall spikes.

C. persicifolia, var. alba. 18 inches; June and July; white. Very showy
flowers. One of the best for cutting.

C. persicifolia, var. alba plena. 18 inches; June and July; white. Very
showy, double flowers.

C. pyramidalis. The Chimney Bell-flower. 2 feet; August and Septem-
ber; blue. The showiest of this class. Foliage broad and handsome, the
flowers in tall branched spikes.

C. Trachelium flore pleno ; syn., urticifolia. 3 feet; July and August;
deep purple.

CENTAUREA. Excellent border plants, thriving in ordinary garden soil.
C. montana. Mountain Bluet. 18 inches; June and July; dark purple.
C. montana, var. Lady Hastings. 18 inches; June and July; lilac -rose.

CERASTIUM tomentosum. 6 inches; June and July; white. Foliage
bright silvery green. An excellent plant for the rockery, as it is of low creep-
ing habit and makes a good covering. It also thrives in dry sunny places.

CERATOSTIGMA plumbaginoides ; syn., Plumbago Larpentae.
Leadwort. 6 inches ; September and October ; deep blue. One of the best
dwarf plants for edging borders or for the rockery. Excellent foliage.
When covered with its deep blue flowers the effect is rich and showy.

CHELONE. Turtle Head. Valuable late-flowered plants, doing best in
partly shaded places, and being most at home in swampy grounds. When
planted in the ordinary border they should be mulched.

C. Lyoni. 2 feet; August and September; rose -purple.

C. obliqua, var. alba. 2 feet; August and September; white.

CHRYSANTHEMUM maximum, var. Triumph. Moonpenny Daisy.
2 feet ; July to October ; white. The flowers are very large, 3 to 4 inches in
diameter, and pure white with a golden center. They last well when cut.

C. uliginosum. 2/£ feet; September; white. A very showy plant, excel-
lent for cut-flowers.

140

No. i, Aquilegia cserulea.

See page 137-

No. 2, Aster Novae- Angliae.

See Pa2e H9-

No. 3, Dicentra spectabilis.

See page I4S'

POMPON, OR HARDY CHRYSANTHEMUMS

September to November

To the iris of spring and the peony and phlox of summer must be added the
queen of fall flowers — the Chrysanthemum. For garden work the hardy pompon-
and anemone-flowered varieties are the most desirable, as they are extremely hardy,
requiring but a light covering of manure to protect them through our hardest win-
ters. When once planted they care for themselves and repay us with a profusion
of bloom, of many forms and colors, during the fall months. The following list
has been selected and retained from our collection of over one hundred varieties.
We are constantly adding the best new sorts, and the plants offered are young and
vigorous; sure to give every satisfaction. (See plate on page 151.)

Aurora Boreale. Bronze and orange.

Blanche Colombe. Pale yellow;
very dwarf.

Bob. Pink.
Caraction. Deep rose.
Dupont de Leuve. Orange.

Eugenie Lanjaulet. Orange -

yellow.

Fiberta. Canary -yellow; good habit.
Flora. Golden yellow ; dwarf.

Fremy. Light brick red, shaded
yellow.

Golden Mile. Marthe. Fine bright
golden yellow, a shade lighter than
Westlake.

Golden St. Thias. Golden yellow.
Grace Darling. Lilac, blush center.
Harry Hicks. Soft pink; good habit.
Julia Lagravere. Dark bronze.
Kyrle Bellew. Crimson and yellow.
La Parance. Soft pink; fimbriated.
La Purete. White.

Lune Fleurie. Orange -yellow; a

small variety.

Maid of Kent. White.
Miss Wheeler. Carmine.
Perle. Rose -lilac, pale rose disc.

Prince of Wales. White; excel-
lent form.

Prince Victor. Dark maroon.
Regulus. Cinnamon.
Rose d' Amour. Rose.

Rosinante. Blush rose ; dwarf
grower.

Soeur Melanie. Pure white.

St. Grout's. Light pink; small
flowers ; very free-blooming.

St. Illoria. Silvery pink.

Strathmeath. A distinct shade of
rose-pink.

William Sabey. Canary -yellow; a
fine reflexed variety.

William Westlake. Rich golden
yellow, suffused with a reddish tint.

Loudoun. An old-fashioned pur-
plish red ; of good size.

Mrs. Acker. Purple in bud; opens
delicate lilac.

CIMICIFUGA. Snakeroot. Strong-growing plants for the back row of
borders, and useful for planting along the margins of woods, thriving in either
half-shady or open places.

C. Dahurica. 3 feet; September and October; white. Flowers borne in

large showy spikes.

C. racemosa. 4 feet; July and August; white. The strongest grower,
and very showy, especially in a woody border.

CINERARIA. See Artemisia.

143

CLEMATIS. Beautiful border plants, delighting in a rich soil and repay-
ing any special care that may be given them.

C. crispa. Leather Flower. 3 to 4 feet; June to September; deep laven-
der. Fragrant.

C. Davidiana. 3 feet; August and September; bright blue. Fragrant.
C. recta. 2 to 3 feet; June to August; white. Fragrant.

CONOCLINIUM. Mist Flower. Excellent little border plants, of special
value for their late bloom.

C. ccelestinum. 18 inches; September and October; deep blue.

CONVALLARIA. Lily -of - the -valley. A well-known and popular
plant, thriving in shady places.

C. majalis. 6 inches; May and June; pure white. Very fragrant.

COREOPSIS. Tickseed. Plants thriving in any soil or situation. For
cutting it is not surpassed by any perennial, and it blooms constantly through-
out the entire summer.

C. lanceolata. 2 feet; June to October; golden yellow.

CORONILLA varia. The Crown Vetch. I to 2 feet; June to Octo-
ber ; bright pink. A good trailing plant for covering rough banks.

CUNILA Mariana. Maryland Dittany. I foot ; September ; lilac.
Flowers are borne in great profusion.

DELPHINIUM. Larkspur. Free- flowering border plants, producing
showy spikes of flowers from June until frost, though care should be taken to
cut out the spikes as soon as they have flowered, and not allow them to seed.
They do well in any ordinary garden soil, but thrive best when the soil is rich.

D. Chinensis. i% feet; July to September; shades from white to blue.

D. Chinensis, var. grandiflora nana compacta. I foot; July to Septem-
ber. One of the newer plants, and a novelty of merit that will give every
satisfaction.

D. elatum. Bee Larkspur. 4 feet; June to August; blue, with dark
violet petals.

D. formosum. 4 feet; June to September; deep blue. Flowers in long,
showy spikes.

DIANTHUS. Sweet William. These are possibly the best known of all
hardy plants. We remember them in connection with the hollyhock and other
plants of the old-time garden, and there are few flowers among the newer sorts
that give more satisfaction either when planted in masses in the border, or
when cut.

D. barbatus. 1 8 inches; May to July; all colors.

D. barbatus, var. atrococcineus. 18 inches; May to July; bright crimson.
144

DIANTHUS barbatus, var. Dunnetti. 18 inches; May to July; dark
crimson.

D. barbatus, var. nanus compactus. I foot; May to July; pure white.
An excellent novelty, and one that will be in great demand when it becomes
better known.

D. barbatus, var. nigricans. 1 8 inches; May to July; deep velvety red ;
the darkest of all varieties.

DIANTHUS plumarius. Hardy Pinks. These are extremely useful
plants, not only for the border, but for the rockery as well, and are useful for
cutting purposes. We give a few named sorts that will be found satisfactory
growers and good bloomers.

Comet. Rosy crimson.

Delicata. Rose, petals fringed.

Helka. White.

Laura Wilmer. White, with purplish maroon center.

Mrs. Sinkins. White.

Sparkler. Deep pink.

Her Majesty. Pure white; flowers very large.

DICENTRA eximia. i foot ; June to August ; light pink. Desirable
for its handsome foliage, as well as its showy flowers. Excellent for rockwork.

D. spectabilis. Bleeding Heart. i% feet; May and June; light pink.
A plant of excellent foliage, with long racemes of showy flowers. An old
garden favorite. (See plate on page 144.)

DICTAMNUS. Gas Plant. A very handsome and lasting species, form-
ing strong upright clumps, producing tall flower-stems, surmounted by showy
flowers with a peculiar odor. These give off a pungent gas, which on hot,
sultry evenings will ignite with a flash when lighted with a match.

D. fraxinella. 3 feet; June; purple.

D. fraxinella, var. alba. 2 feet; May and June; white.

DIGITALIS. Foxglove. Another old-fashioned favorite, without which
no collection is complete. For best effects these should be planted in masses,
and as they thrive in any common garden soil and are not particular as to loca-
tion, they should be widely planted.

D. ambigua; syn., grandiflora. 3 feet; July and August; pale yellow.
The flowers are delicately veined with brown.

D. lanata. 2 to 3 feet; June and July; grayish yellow flowers, marked
with brownish spots. This variety produces tremendous spikes 2 to 3 feet in
length, upon which the flowers are very closely set. It is a compact grower
and very showy.

D. lutea. 2 to 3 feet; June and July; yellow. Flowers of a beautiful
shade, and although small are borne in good spikes that are quite showy.

145

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'ChestnitTifill, "Philadelphia ^

DIGITALIS purpurea. Common Foxglove. 4 to 5 feet ; June and
July ; white to purple. This variety is not grown in separate colors, and the
seed generally produces flowers which range in color from white, creamy white,
rose and pink to purplish red.

DORONICUM plantagineum, var. excelsum. 2 feet ; early April to
June ; rich yellow. The showiest of the early spring flowers, and a plant of
so much value that no collection can afford to be without it. The blooms are
very large, and are excellent for cutting.

ECHINACEA purpurea. Purple Cone -flower. 3 feet ; July to Sep-
tember; rosy purple. An excellent plant in ordinary garden soil.

EPIMEDIUM. Barrenwort. These thrive best in partial shade, being
particularly well suited for borders and rockeries. They are not particular as
to soil.

E. lilacea. 12 inches; May and June; lilac.

E. macranthum, var. niveum. 12 inches; May and June; pure white.

E. pinnatum, var. sulphureum. 12 inches; May and June; pale yellow.

ERIGERON speciosus. i>2 to 2 feet; June to August; violet -blue.
A border plant thriving in common soil, and valuable for cutting purposes.

ERYNGIUM amethystinum. Sea Holly. 2 feet; July to September;
amethyst-blue. An excellent showy plant with thistle-like foliage. They are
excellent for borders.

EUPATORIUM ageratoides. White Snakeroot. 3 feet ; September
and October; white. The dainty flowers, in dense terminal heads, are excel-
lent for cutting.

E. purpureum. 7 feet; August and September; rosy purple. An extremely

rank-growing perennial, excellent for low ground and effective in shrubbery
borders.

EUPHORBIA corollata. Spurge, i^feet; July to September; white.
A plant of easy culture in ordinary garden soil, excellent for cutting purposes,
and for dry spots on banks or in the rockery.

FUNKIA. Day Lily. These excellent plants should be more largely used,
as their broad foliage and dense growth makes them effective for massing, and
when in flower the tall spikes are extremely showy. They are admirable plants
for moist soils, and may be used with good effect in shrubbery borders.

F. lancifolia, var. variegata. i foot; July and August; pale lilac. The

foliage is margined with creamy white and yellow.

F. ovata. i /^ to 2 feet; July and August ; deep blue. This is possibly
the best known variety.

F. subcordata. i ^ to 2 feet ; July and August ; white. An extremely-
showy sort, with large beautiful flowers, which show to good advantage above
the deep green, dense foliage.

F. subcordata, var. grandiflora. 2 feet; September; white. Fragrant.
146

GAILLARDIA. Blanket Flower. Among the showiest and most desir-
able of all hardy perennials, and of easy growth in any good soil. They com-
mence to bloom in June and flower continuously until frost ; the flowers are
often more than 3 inches in diameter and borne on long stems admirably suit-
able for cutting purposes. The markings of the individual flowers differ
widely, being in all shades of deep orange-yellow marked with a well-defined
broad band of deepest maroon, and with a dark maroon center.

G. aristata; syn., grandiflora. 1^2 feet; June to November; yellow and
maroon.

G. aristata, var. compacta. 9 inches ; June to October ; yellow and
maroon. A novelty of great merit for its compact growth and erect flower-stems.

GERANIUM sanguineum. Cranesbill. i^ feet; June to September;
blood-red. One of the handsomest of its class ; with beautiful cut foliage, com-
pact habit, and producing flowers constantly throughout the summer. Excel-
lent for rockery.

GENTIANA Andrews!!. Closed Gentian. 18 inches; August to Sep-
tember ; deep blue.

GEUM coccineum. i% feet; June and July; scarlet.
G. montanum. i}4 feet; June and July; yellow.

GOODYERA pubescens. Rattlesnake Plantain. I foot ; August and
September ; white. An odd, attractive plant, with deep green leaves veined
with white ; flower in a dense spike.

GYPSOPHILA paniculata. Baby's Breath. 2 to 3 feet ; July and
August ; white. An excellent sort for cutting. The minute flowers are borne
in large, open panicles.

HELENIUM autumnale, var. pumilum. i% feet; July to October;
yellow. An excellent sort for cutting purposes, and a persistent bloomer.

H. autumnale, var. superbum. 4 feet; July to October; yellow. A
vigorous, large-flowered variety.

H. grandicephalum, var. striatum. 3 feet; August to October; orange,
striped with crimson. An erect vigorous grower, with flowers in large, branch-
ing heads.

HELIANTHUS. Perennial Sunflowers. These well-known garden
favorites thrive in any soil and are invaluable for cutting purposes. When
planted in masses they give bold effects and are one of the most useful hardy
plants for the shrubbery border.

H. doronicoides. 4 feet; July and August; yellow.

H. giganteus. 6 to 10 feet; August to October; pale yellow.

H. Maximiliana. 6 to 8 feet ; September ; deep yellow. An excellent
variety for dry places.

H. mollis. 4 feet; September and October; golden yellow.

147

HELIANTHUS multiflorus, var. flore pleno. 4 feet ; July and August ;
golden yellow. A double variety, producing large flowers in great profusion.

H. multiflorus, var. maximus. 5 to 6 feet; July to September; golden
yellow. This variety bears enormous flowers 6 inches and over in diameter,
and is one of the showiest.

H. orgyalis. 6 feet; September and October; golden yellow. The single
flowers are of medium size. This is one of the best varieties.

H. rigidus. 3 feet; July to October; golden yellow. The flowers have
dark centers, and it is one of the best varieties.

HELIOPSIS. A useful plant for places where the helianthus grows too
large. They bloom all summer, and are excellent for cutting purposes.

H. Isevis, var. Pitcheriana. 3 feet; June to October; orange-yellow.

HELLEBORUS. Christmas Rose. These are the earliest plants to
bloom, frequently coming into flower in the open ground in early March, and
if covered with a frame will bloom by Christmas.

H. niger. 6 inches; March; white. Excellent for rockeries and shady
places.

H. niger, var. atrorubens. 6 inches; March; deep purple.

HEMEROCALLIS. Yellow Day Lily. Excellent plants with grass-like
foliage and dark orange-colored flowers, borne in panicles on long stems. They
are exceptionally hardy, thrive in any good soil, and are especially fine when
planted in moist or shady places. (See plate on page 152.)

H. aurantiaca, var. major. i% feet; July; orange. The flowers of this
variety are much larger than the others given in this class.

H. Dumortierii. i)4 to 2 feet; June and July; orange -yellow.
H. fulva. 2/^2 to 3 feet; July and August; deep tawny yellow.

H. fulva, var. Kwanso. Double Orange Lily. 2/4 to 3 feet; July and
August ; orange-yellow, shaded copper.

H. fulva, var. Kwanso variegata. 2/4 to 3 feet; July; orange-yellow.
Specially attractive for its beautiful foliage, which is marked with a stripe of
white down the middle of each leaf. This is one of the best variegated foliage
plants, and holds its color well throughout the season.

HEPATICA. Liver Leaf. A handsome little plant with bronzy evergreen
foliage and pretty flowers. Excellent for shady places and rockeries.

H. triloba. 6 inches; April; white and blue.

HEUCHERA. Alum Root. These are very neat-growing showy plants,
with excellent foliage, forming compact clumps, and the flowers on long stems
are borne well above the foliage. Very desirable plants for the rockery or
border, and, although preferring sunny situations, will thrive in the shade.

H. sanguinea. 18 inches; June to September; coral -red.
H. sanguinea, var. alba. 18 inches; June to September; pure white.
148

HIBISCUS. One of the showiest of herbaceous plants and an excellent
variety for planting in damp or marshy ground ; but it does not need these
conditions in order to insure satisfaction, as we grow it to perfection at Andorra
on very high, hilly ground. One of the finest plants for massing.

H. Moscheutos, var. Crimson Eye. 5 feet; July to September; white,
with crimson center. Single flowers, often 5 inches in diameter.

HOLLYHOCKS. See Altbaa rosea.

IBERIS. Candytuft. Beautiful dwarf plants with rich evergreen foliage,
which is literally covered with flowers in the early spring. For the front of
borders or for rockeries it is exceptionally good.

I. sempervirens. 6 inches; April and May; pure white.
I. Tenoreana. 6 inches; May; purplish or whitish.

IRIS. The Fleur-de-lis of the French, the Iris of our gardens, are ad-
mirable hardy border plants. There are varieties and colors innumerable, in
flowers large and handsome, exhibiting beautiful shades and variegations. The
great Japan group (/. lavigata) is especially rich and distinct, having been
improved and hybridized in Japan and other countries until its flowers now
glitter in many strange, rich colors, and are of enormous size. All Irises are
benefited by moist situations and abundance of water when in flower, but
they will all grow well in ordinary garden soil. The collection of Iris at
Andorra is exceptionally large' and fine, and well worth a visit in blooming time.

I. atroviolacea. A tall grower, producing delicate violet blooms in late May.

I. cristata. 6 inches; April and May; light blue, spotted with yellow.
An excellent sort for massing in damp and shady places.

I. Florentina. A dwarf grower, valuable for border work, generally known
as White Iris, though the outer segments are tinted with lavender.

IRIS GERMANICA. German Iris

For the wild garden, shrubbery border and margins of water, there is no better
nor more beautiful plant than the German Iris. Like all others of their family, the
varieties thrive best in low situations, and can be planted even in marshy ground.
They bloom early, and in their coloring the variety is endless, comprising every
shade of purple, bronze, gold, blue, white, etc. The following list was selected
from over one hundred varieties :

Cengalti. Standard petals light blue,
veined with dark blue ; fall petals
veined and purple tinted.

Cordelia. Standard petals pale blue ;
fall petals rosy pink.

Edina. Clear satin blue, marked
with dark blue.

Eytheria. Tall; a very light pur-
ple-tinted variety, veined with purple ;
very delicate.

Gazelle. Standard petals white,
heavily frilled with clear blue ; fall
petals white, edged blue.

Hortense. Tall; light yellow, tinted
with brown veins. One of the lightest
varieties.

Jordeans. A delicate red -lilac.

Penelope. Light bluish white,
veined with violet ; a striking and dis-
tinct variety.

149

ANDORRA TV

I Chestnut Hill <PhiL

'adelphia |.

1 . 9t

IRIS GERMANICA. continued

Queen of May. Tall ; rosy lilac,
veined with yellow ; distinct.

Sappho. Tall; azure -blue.

Thorbecke. A very delicate sulphur -
yellow.

Hericart de Thury. Standard petals
light blue ; fall petals deep rich blue.
A very striking variety.

La Tristesse. Standard petals dull
yellow-bronze ; fall petals veined with
maroon, dashed with purple.

Lacruce. Standard petals tinted
yellow and blue ; fall petals lightly
veined with blue.

Mexicana. Dwarf. Standard petals
yellow ; fall petals veined with purple.
Very distinct.

No. 278. Very early; a most de-
dided deep rich dark blue.

Rolandiana. Standard petals blue ;
fall petals reddish purple.

Thovista. Standard petals light
blue ; fall petals dark blue.

Walneriana. Very early ; a most
decided deep dark blue.

No. 280. Standard petals blue ; fall
petals purple, marked very distinctly
near base of petals with white. A
very clear blue.

No. 281. Dwarf ; standard petals
deep rich yellow ; fall petals deep
maroon, veined with yellow. A good
bloom.

No. 282. Standard petals light blue ;
fall petals deep rich blue. A fine
variety.

Calypso. Milk-white, dashed with
violet-blue.

IRIS L^EVIGATA; syn., K^MPFERI. Japanese Iris

These are fine border plants flowering in June. In congenial situations they
grow 3 to 3/^ feet and on stems 3 to 4 feet long, producing flowers from 10 to 12
inches in diameter, and delicate as orchids. Colors are brilliant and striking, in
shades of blue, purple and red ; white marked with shades of these colors and yel-
low, and pure white. We can select varieties to cover the full blooming period.
(See plate on page 162.) The following list is the choice of a large collection :

ABBREVIATIONS

Index letters signify: D, double;

Antelope. (D) White ground,
marbled with red and purple ; yellow
center.

Anna Boylen. (D) Deep purplish
blue, tinted with crimson-purple and
flaked with white.

Apollo. (5) Pure white; distinct
pink center.

Apple Blossom. (5) White, spot-
ted with pink.

B. Hallock. (D) Delicate laven-
der, lightly veined with white; crimped
petals.

Blue Bird. (5) Dwarf ; deep velvet
blue.

Blue Jay. (D, T) Sky-blue, with
distinct white lines.

single; T, tall grower.

Diana. (D,T) White, veined with
violet-purple.

Dinah. (D) Reddish pink, flaked
with white.

Eclaire. (D, T) White, lightly
veined with blue ; throat amber.

Eclipse. (D) Reddish purple.

Eugene. (S, T) White, light pink,
blush center.

Exquisite. (S) Purplish blue.

Gold Bound. (D, T) Purewhite;
base of petals golden yellow.

Granite. (S, T) Purple, spotted
and flaked with white.

Gypsie. (D) Lavender and white;
rich color.

150

No. i, Hardy Chrysanthemums. • See page 143. No. 2, Rock Garden.

Hemerocallis (Yellow Day Lily). See page 148.

A Border Planting at Andorra

IRIS L^VIGATA (JAPAN IRIS), continued

Hannibal. (D) White, veined with
purple.

Hyde Park. (D, T) Reddish pur-
ple, blotched with white.

Isabella. (D,T) Pale blue, chang-
ing to ashy gray.

J. C. Vaughan. (D) Dwarf; pure
white.

Tahoe. (D) Blue, shaded with
purple and veined with white.

Mahogany. (D, T) Dark red,
shaded maroon.

Mrs. C. T. Saxton. (D) Extra
double; pure white; enormous flowers.
An exceptionally good bloom.

Mt. Hood. (A T) Deep blue;
good form.

Navaho. (S) Pink ground, veined
with lavender.

Norma. (/)) Deep lavender, cen-
ter deep lilac and yellow.

Oriole. (D) Crimson.

Orion. (D) Reddish pink, white
center and veined with white.

Oscar. (5, T) Rosy white, veined
with lavender.

Paragon. (D) Rich velvety purple.

Princess Clothilda. (D) Ash gray,
blushed with purple.

Prince C. de Rohan. (D) Deep,

rich, shining dark blue.

Pyramid. (D, T) Lilac - blue,
veined, white center.

Quakeress. (S) Pink, veined with
blue, blue blotch at yellow center.

Red Ridinghopd. Fine amaranth,
veined with white.

Robt. Craig. (D, T) French gray -
white, tinted with purple on center
petals.

Senator Lexow. (S) Indigo -blue;
great wavy petals a foot across.

Shadow. (S) Deep purple.

Souvenir. (S) Rosy pink, distinct
blue veins, pink center.

Templeton. (D) Light violet,
shaded with reddish pink and flaked
with white.

Vesta. (5, T) Rosy pink, finely
veined with white, center petals
purple.

Victor. (D) White, veined with
violet and porcelain-blue.

Violet Cap. (S) Purple and white.

Wm. Fell. (D) White, veined
with indigo.

Zenobia. (D) Deep purplish pink,
shaded and veined with white, light
margin to edge of petals.

Strong grower, producing large

IRIS pallida dalmatica. A rare sort,
light blue flowers in early June.

I. pallida speciosa. A very desirable sort, producing bright indigo -blue
flowers on long stems ; early June ; fragrant.

I. Pseudacorus. Very robust variety; the broad, dark green foliage gives
a splendid setting to the numerous bright deep yellow flowers of late May and
early June.

I. pumila alba. Of extremely dwarf habit, it is highly valuable for border
work. Flowers of pure white, produced on very short, stocky stems. Flowers
early.

I. Sibirica. This variety forms sturdy clumps and flowers profusely on
long stems; flowers of bright lilac-blue. May and June. (Later than var.
orientalis.)

I. Sibirica, var. alba. An extremely dainty variety, with very narrow
foliage and delicate white flowers.

153

L^5vz>o

\ Chestn\

Chestnut Hill, 'Philadelphia

IRIS Sibirica, var. orientalis. Much darker blue than Sibirica; grows
about the same height and blooms earlier.

I. tectorum. A dwarf sort from Japan. Foliage is good and the bright
lilac flowers, delicately streaked with violet, make it very desirable.

KNIPHOFIA. Flame Flower. Very showy plants, with good green
grass-like foliage and tall, showy spikes of brilliant flowers. They are strong
growers, suitable for the herbaceous border or for shrubberies, and prefer a
rich, well-drained soil. Should be mulched for winter protection.

K. aloides ; syn., Tritoma Uvaria. 3 feet; August and September; crim-
son, shaded to yellow.

K. Pfitzerii. 3 to 4 feet; July to October; orange -scarlet to salmon.
An extremely prolific bloomer, with flower-spikes 3 to 4. feet in height, and
heads of bloom a foot long. An excellent bedder.

LAVANDULA. Lavender. The common Lavender, which is well
known for its aromatic foliage and fragrant flowers. It is a good border plant
and thrives in ordinary soil ; also valuable for dry and waste places.

L. vera. 18 inches; June to October; deep lavender- blue.

LIATRIS. Blazing Star. Late summer- and autumn -flowering plants,
thriving in ordinary garden soil, and giving excellent results even in poor thin
soil. They require little care.

L. graminifolia. 2 feet; August to September; rosy purple.
L. spicata. 3 to 4 feet; September; deep purple.

LILIUM tigrinum. Tiger Lily. 3 to 4 feet; July and August ; bright
red, marked with large purplish spots. One of the older garden plants, which
will give satisfaction in any soil and produce superb effects when planted in
masses.

LOBELIA. Cardinal Flower. Excellent border plants, which prefer a
deep, moist loam. In very dry weather a heavy mulching and frequent water-
ing will be of value. They are excellent both for foliage and flower.

L. cardinalis. 2 feet; September; scarlet. The flowers of this variety
are of an intense bright color, and it is one of the most showy of all our native
flowers.

L. fulgens, var. Queen Victoria. 2 feet; August and September; deep
scarlet. The foliage of this variety is bronzy crimson, rich and effective.

L. syphilitica. Blue Lobelia. 2 feet ; August and September ; deep
blue. The plant forms a very compact bush, and the spikes of brilliant flowers
are carried well above the foliage.

LYCHNIS. Lamp Flower. These valuable border plants prefer a light
rich loam and sunny situations. For borders or rockeries they are almost
indispensable.

L. Chalcedonica. London Pride. 2 to 3 feet; July to September; ver-
milion-scarlet. Excellent for cutting purposes.

154

LYCHNIS Coronaria; syn., Agrostemma Coronaria. Rose Campion.
1 /4 to 2 feet ; June and July ; bright crimson flowers. A plant with showy
silvery white foliage and brilliant flowers. Excellent for borders, and will
thrive in shady places, growing well even where the tree roots interfere with
grass and other plants.

L. Coronaria, var. alba. i)4 to 2 feet; June and July; white.

L. Flos-cuculi, var. plenissima. Ragged Robin, i to 2 feet; May to
October; rose. Very double flowers. A persistent bloomer.

L. Haageana. i/4 feet; June and July; brilliant orange -scarlet.

L. vespertina, var. alba plena; syn., alba. White Campion. 12 inches;
May to September ; white. The flowers of this variety open in the evening.
They have a charming fragrance and are excellent for cutting purposes.

L. Viscaria, var. splendens. German Catchfly. 15 inches; June and
July ; rose-pink. The fragrant flowers are borne on long spikes.

LYSIMACHIA clethroides. Loosestrife. i% feet; July to Septem-
ber; pure white. A tall, stout grower, with foliage which colors very richly in
the autumn and flowers excellent for cutting purposes.

L. nummularia. Moneywort. 4 inches; June to August ; a deep yellow.
A low creeping plant, excellent for planting under trees. It forms a dense
green carpet, against which the bright flowers are quite showy.

L. punctata; syn., verticillata. i% feet; July; yellow.

LYTHRUM, var. roseum superbum. 3 feet; July to September; rosy
purple. Excellent for planting in shrubbery borders and low swampy grounds.

MERTENSIA pulmonarioides. Virginia Cowslip, i to i% feet; May
and June; light blue. Graceful little plants, loving a rich loam. Excellent
for the rockery or border.

MONARDA. Horsemint. Almost any soil will suit these plants, and they
are quite desirable both for their excellent aromatic foliage and showy flowers.
Of special value when planted in masses.

M. didyma. Oswego Tea, or Fragrant Balm. 2 feet; August and Sep-
tember ; bright scarlet.

M. didyma, var. splendens. 2 feet; August and September; intense rich
crimson-scarlet.

M. fistulosa, var. rosea. Wild Bergamot. 2% feet; August and Sep-
tember ; deep rose.

M. fistulosa, var. media; syn., purpurea. 2% feet; August; purple.

MYOSOTIS. Forget-me-not. Almost every one is familiar with these
pretty little plants ; they thrive in moist, half-shady places, are excellent for
the rockery, or will also grow to good advantage in sunny positions in the
herbaceous border.

M. palustris. i foot; May and June; light blue. A broad, spreading
plant.

155

MYOSOTIS laxa. i foot; June and July; light blue. A smaller flower
than M. palustris.

M. alpestris, var. Victoria. I foot ; May and June ; azure -blue. Of
bushy growth, bearing large umbels of flowers.

NEPETA glecoma, var. variegata. Ground Ivy. 6 inches; May; light
purple. A rapid, spreading cover-plant, which forms a dense, close carpet
The foliage is prettily variegated. Unsurpassed for the rockery.

CENOTHERA. Evening Primrose. As garden plants these will be found
a highly useful class. They thrive in any ordinary garden soil, preferring
sunny situations. These are excellent border plants and quite useful for the
rockery or wild garden.

CE. Missouriensis ; syn., macrocarpa. i foot; June and July; yellow.
A spreading plant, with showy flowers from 4 to 6 inches in diameter.

CE. fruticosa, var. Youngii. 2 feet; June and August; lemon-yellow.
An excellent sort, of stocky growth, and a profuse bloomer.

CE. speciosa. Tall White Evening Primrose, i/^ feet; June to Octo-
ber ; white, changing to pink. The flowers of this variety are fragrant.

OPHIOPOGON Jaburan, var. aureus variegatus. Snake's Beard.
6 inches ; September ; blue. These form broad, neat clumps with handsome
foliage. In this variety it is prettily striped with golden yellow. An excellent
plant for the rockery and extremely ornamental.

PACHYSANDRA terminalis. 8 inches ; May and June ; white. A
pretty evergreen plant, thriving in all soils, and making a dense carpet of bright
green foliage. The flowers are borne in small spikes.

P^EONIA, HERBACEOUS. In the long list of hardy herbaceous plants
which are gaining in favor every year with the plant-loving world, none stand
higher than the Herbaceous Peonies. The stately beauty of their bloom in
such an infinite variety of colors makes them indispensable for every garden.
Many of them have the delicate fragrance of the rose, and seen in masses against
a background of dark foliage produce a magnificent effect. They are very
hardy and easily grown in any good garden soil, requiring only to be heavily
manured every fall. They should have plenty of water at all times, especially
when in flower. From our collection we can select collections that will give
bloom from early May to the end of June, and a range of colors from pure
white to deep purple. We have taken much care to select sorts^with fragrant
flowers and have noted them in the list. (See plate on page 171.)

ABBREVIATIONS

Index letters signify: S, sweet-scented; D, dwarf; VE, very early; £, early;
L, late; VL^ very late; T, tall grower.

PjEONIA ALBIFLORA; syn., CHINENSIS. Chinese Pseony

This is by far the better-known class of Peonies, and has the greatest number
of hybrid varieties. They flower later than the others given here and are the most

156

HERBACEOUS PLANTS

effective. The following is a partial list of the varieties carried in stock, and we
shall be glad at any time to give a list of the entire collection.

WHITE AND FLESH

Alba plena. Blush white.
Albicans. White.
Canarie. (S) White, yellow center.
Duchesse de Theba. Flesh white.
Faust. (S) Flesh.
Hector. (D) Blush white, shaded
to shell-pink.

Madame Vilmprin. Guard petals
blush, center white flaked with crimson.

Octavie Demay. (S) Flesh -colored,
buff reflex.

Queen Victoria. Broad blush guard
petals, with compact flesh center.

Whiteleyi. Blush white with cream
center.

No. 351. (5, T) Paper-white.

Fine full flower, very large.

PINK
Chateaubriand. Rose -pink.

Madame Pelissier. Pink guard
petals, light rose center; very loose,
showing seed-pods.

Rosea. Pink.

Soeur Rosalie. Guard petals bright
pink, edged with white, center petals
delicately edged with maroon ; flowers
good size. Good habit.

No. 335. Rose-pink.

No. 341. Broad pink guard petals ;
center full, incurved, of salmon-pink.

RED AND PURPLE

Ambroise Verschaffelt. Purple.
Brennus. (L) Crimson.
Colurens. Magenta-red.
Dalachei. (L) Crimson.
Fulgida. (L) Deep crimson -purple.

Madame Lebon. Bright cherry-red
with satiny tint. Enormous flower.

Paul Verdier. (£>, L) Dark rosy
carmine.

Rubra. Red ; strong grower ; large
flower.

Verschaffeltii. Deep red.

No. 358. (T, L) Dark red; very
tall, strong grower. Flowers full-
globular.

No. 359. Semi-double; cherry-red;
good color ; large, loose, open flower.

ROSE

Artemise. Rose, slightly flesh -
colored, with lilac reflex.

Clarissa. Rosy pink.

Grand Sultan. (E) Silvery rose;
large.

J. B. Rendatler. Lively satiny rose.

Lady Bramwell. Silvery rose.
Good size and substance ; a very satis-
factory bloomer.

Madame Bollet. Flesh -rose with
white reflex.

Madame Calot. (S) Buff, center
rose.

Madame Chaumy. (L) Satiny
rose, center flesh.

Madame de Muyssart. (FL)
Lively rose ; large ; good form.

Madame Ducel. Salmon - rose,
striped with silvery white ; large.

Marie Houillon. (L) Light satiny
rose.

Modeste Geurin. Cherry rose.
Large, full, globular flower.

Princess Mathilde. Rose, slightly
violet. Enormous flower.

Rose Quintal. (D,L) Transparent

carmine-rose.

silvery

Saturnalia. Lilac rose,
tinted. Enormous flower.

Sidoni. Lilac rose, dark center.

Tricolor plena. (D) Rose, flesh
and white. Very floriferous.

No. 334. (FE) Silvery rose. Full
broad flower.

157

SINGLE HERBACEOUS PEONIES

WHITE

Bridesmaid. (D) White, blushed
with shell-pink.

Medon. (D) Blush.

Quintilius. (D) White; long
golden stamens.

PINK

Abrupolis. Pink.
Larissa. ( T) Pink.

RED AND PURPLE

Comus. Light purple.
Eclat. Purple.
Lucrinus. ( T) Crimson.

Mardonius. (D) Crimson. Com-
pact grower.

ROSE

Josephine. Rose,
very good color.

Large flower,

VARIOUS SPECIES

Pseonia corallina. (VE) A very spreading sort. The flowers are early,
following the species P. tenuifolia and preceding P. alba flora. Flowers single,
purple-red, and followed by seed-pods with very showy black and coral-red seed.

P. officinalis. (VE) A very early sort, with excellent dark green foliage
and brilliant showy flowers. In succession of bloom they follow P. tenuifolia
and are always in great demand, as they produce the best flowers of any of the
early sorts.

P. officinalis, var. rubra plena. Double; brilliant, deep crimson; much
sought for to use as a cut flower.

P. officinalis, var. rosea plena. Double; beautiful clear pink.

P. tenuifolia. (FE) Growing 12 to 18 inches, with dark, finely cut foli-
age, and bearing large showy flowers. This is the earliest variety to bloom,
and when well established they form beautiful clumps. The flowers are single
and rich crimson.

P. tenuifolia, var. flore pleno. Flowers dense, double and brilliant crimson.

P. triternata. An early -flowering species about 18 inches in height, with
rounded leaves of grayish green, and bears single bright red flowers.

PAPAVER. Poppy. No class of garden plants give more satisfaction or
produce more brilliant effect than the Poppies. This is specially true of
P. orientalis and P. bracteatum ; strong growers, with excellent foliage and
large, brilliant, showy flowers. No border should be without them, as they
can be grown successfully in any soil.

P. orientale. Oriental Poppy. 2 feet; June; orange -scarlet. A mag-
nificent variety.

P. bracteatum. 4 feet; June; blood-red, with black bar at base of petal.
This variety is large, rich and distinct.

P. nudicaule. Iceland Poppy. I foot; June to October; colors from
pure white and yellow to deepest orange-scarlet. The most profuse bloomer
of this class. The flowers, on slender stalks, are carried well above the pretty,
fern-like foliage.

PARDANTHUS.
158

See Belemcanda.

PENTSTEMON. Beard Tongue. An excellent class for the border and
rockery or for massing. Their cultivation is easy in ordinary garden soil ;
they are persistent bloomers and the flowers are useful for cutting purposes.

P. barbatus. 3 feet; July and August; deep scarlet. The flowers are
borne in long, showy spikes.

P. Isevigatus, var. Digitalis. 3 feet; July and August; pure white. A
strong grower, with large flowers in long spikes.

P. ovatus. 2 to 3 feet;. July and August; blue, changing to purple.
P. puniceus. 2 feet; July and August; scarlet.

PERENNIAL PHLOX. This notable family of hardy perennials is
perhaps the most widely known and popular of all the various plants which
we have in our gardens, and each year finds the newer and showier varieties
increasing through the hybridizer's skill. Certainly no perennial is more
worthy of culture, more satisfactory in every situation, or more effective, either
as individual plants or grouped in masses in shrubbery beds. All of the
Phloxes, with the exception of the dwarf form, are well adapted for cutting,
and are exceedingly floriferous. The plants begin to bloom in midsummer,
and the garden borders can be kept aflame with great flower-cones from June
until frost. Already they run through the whole gamut of colors in shades
delicate or deep and rich, with flowers ringed, eyed, shaded and self-colored.
Although the Phloxes are bold and hardy in their growth, thriving even in poor
soils and situations, they appreciate deep, rich ones, and pay a royal tribute to
all extra care bestowed. Every shoot of the plants is usually topped by a
heavy pyramidal cluster. (See plate on page 172.)

P. divaricata; syn., Canadensis. i to i/4 feet; April and May; lilac-
blue. An exceptionally attractive border plant and useful for rockery work.
It prefers a rich soil, but thrives well in woods and low grounds.

PHLOX PANICULATA; syn., DECUSSATA. Perennial Phlox

Two to 4 feet. These are the well
list names an excellent collection with a
early June until late October.

Albatre. White, extra dwarf ; dense
panicles.

Argon. Large panicles of large
flowers, delicate rose, shaded salmon.

Astier Rehu. Large flowers, with
undulated petals ; violet-purple, with
large white center.

Bacchante. Dark crimson, shad-
ing lighter to center.

Brantome. Well -formed flowers,
groseille red, violet center.

Czarina. Pure white; pyramidal
spikes.

Candeur. Pure white; extra dwarf.

known garden forms, and the following
wide range of color. They flower from

Caran de Ache. Rosy carmine,
tinged with rose; fine truss.

Champs Elysee. Intense rich
purple-crimson.

Coccinea. Rich, glowing crimson.

Coquelicpt. Fine pure scarlet, with
bright crimson eye.

Derviche. Dark lilac, purplish vio-
let center ; flowers very large, of per-
fect form.

Eclaireur. Flowers immense, car-
mine ; salmon center, rosy white star.

Etna. Fine salmon -scarlet, with
dark crimson eye — a bright, rich color.

159

Chestnut Hill ^Philadelphia

PHLOX PANICULATA (PERENNIAL PHLOX), continued

Fantome. Perfectly formed flow-
ers, very large ; well-defined pure
white, surrounded by clear violet.

General Chanzy. Very bright, dark
salmon.

Girondin. Very large, perfectly
formed flowers ; dark carmine-rose,
shading blush to center.

Henri Murger. Large, pure white,
large Carmine center ; very fine ; bet-
ter than Mrs. Dwyer.

Independence. Pure white, large
flowers ; earlier than Czarina.

Iris. Dark purple-violet.

J. H. Slocum. Vivid crimson, with
dark eye.

James Galloway. Cherry -red.

La Vague. Silvery rose, large
flowers.

Lothair. Cerise -salmon, with crim-
son eye.

Lord Raleigh. Large flowers ; dark
violet, shading to blue, center purple.

La Feu de Monde. Flame color;
late.

Mad. Pape Carpentier. Dwarf.

Pure white ; very early.

Madame P. Langier. Salmon -
pink, dark eye.

Montagnard. Flowers of perfect
form ; large, dark red, purple eye.

Matador. Flame color.

Madame Muret. Flame color;
early.

Nettie Stewart. White, with pink
eye.

Norwood. Large flowers and
spike ; bright magenta-crimson.

Ornament. Bright clear rose ; very
large, pyramidal panicles. Blooms
from early summer until fall.

Pantheon. Very large flowers ; rose,
light center.

R. P. Struthers. Bright salmon,
crimson eye.

Suffrage. Lilac-mauve; large rose
center.

Sylphide. Panicles of very large,
pure white flowers.

Thebadie. Perfect flowers, light
rose.

William Muhle. Shiny rose and
white, carmine-red eye.

PHLOX subulata. Ground, or Moss Pink. 4 inches; May; rose. As
a cover-plant and for rockery work we know of nothing that exceeds this and
the following variety. The foliage is excellent, forming a dense, close carpet
of green, and when in flower the plants are a sheet of color.

P. subulata, var. alba. 4 inches; May; white.

PHYSOSTEGIA Virginiana.

in showy spikes.

3 feet; July and August ; rose. Flowers

PLATYCODON. Chinese Bell-flower, yery showy border plants, form-
ing stout bushes, and bearing large quantities of beautiful bell-shaped flowers.

P. grandiflorum. Balloon -flower. 1^2 feet; June to October; blue.

P. grandiflorum, var. alba. \Yz feet; June to October; white. An
extremely pretty variety. (See plate on page 172.)

P. grandiflorum, var. Japonicum flore pleno. i to i% feet ; June to
October ; deep blue. One of the showiest sorts.

P. grandiflorum, var. Mariesi.
160

12 inches; June to October; blue.

Japanese Iris. Showing size of flowers grown at Andorra.

See page 150.

Iris Kaempferi. See page 150.

POLEMONIUM. Jacob's Ladder. These are valued as much for their
handsome, deeply cut, dark green foliage as for their clusters of showy flowers.
Well adapted for garden or rockery, and thrive in ordinary soils.

P. cseruleum. 1/4 to 2 feet; May to July; deep blue.

P. caeruleum, var. album. i% to 2 feet; May to July; pure white.

POTENTILLA grandiflora. i foot; June and July; red and orange.
A beautiful perennial with handsome foliage, and flowers in broad heads, which
are borne well above the foliage. Excellent for massing.

PRIMULA. Primrose. A class of excellent plants for the border, but of
special value in the rockery. They thrive in rich, well-drained soil, preferring
partly shaded positions, although they will give satisfaction in a sunny border.

P. Sieboldi, var. Queen of Whites. 9 inches; May; pure white.

P. Sieboldi, var. Sirius. 9 inches; May; rich crimson-rose, with white eye.

P. suaveolens. English Cowslip, i foot; May; yellow and orange.

P. veris. 6 inches; May; in a large variety of colors.

P. vulgaris. Primrose. 6 inches; May; yellow.

PYRETHRUM. Feverfew. Of all hardy plants suitable for cutting none
are more beautiful. They thrive in any good soil, but prefer it light, rich and
well drained. The plants have excellent foliage, and the beautiful showy
flowers are borne on long stems.

P. roseum, var. Aphrodite. i}4 feet; June and July; double white.
P. roseum, var. King Oscar. 1/4 feet; June and July; double purple.

P. roseum, var. Marquis of Salisbury. i)4 feet; June and July; double,
deep pink.

RUDBECKIA. A class of well-known border plants, thriving in ordinary
soil and forming handsome bushes with beautiful flowers, suitable for cutting
purposes. Possibly the best is variety R. lac'iniata, which is generally known
as the Golden Glow.

R. laciniata, var. Golden Glow. 6 feet; July to September; golden yel-
low. Very large, double dahlia-like flowers, borne in great masses. An
extremely showy plant.

R. Newmani. i/^ feet; August and September; yellow.

R. triloba. 3 feet; August and September; deep yellow. The flowers
of this variety are small but very attractive.

SANTOLINA incana. Lavender -cotton, i foot; July; deep yellow.
This plant forms a broad, densely branched evergreen bush, with intensely
silvery foliage, and is very effective either for the border or rockery.

SCABIOSA Caucasica. Mourning Bride. 18 inches; June; lilac-blue.
An excellent border plant, useful for cutting purposes. The flowers are borne
on long stems.

163

SEDUM. Stone Crop. These plants are excellent for the rockery or
border and invaluable for covering dry banks where little else will thrive.
Their foliage is of particularly beautiful colors, and the flowers are odd and
showy.

S. Rhodiola ; syn., roseum. 12 inches; August; light pink. A very
neat-growing plant.

S. sexangulare. 6 inches; June, July; yellow.

S. spectabilis. I foot; September and October; rose. Flowers are
borne in broad, flat, showy heads.

S. telephoides. i foot; July and August; pink. The foliage of this
variety is purple and it holds its color well.

SOLIDAGO. Goldenrod. Every one is familiar with the beautiful
Goldenrod that brightens our fields and roadsides during the late fall, but it is
not generally known that they are excellent plants for the border or wild garden.
The dwarfer sorts may be used to advantage in the rockery. They thrive in
almost any soil, transplant easily, and either for their effects in masses or for
cutting purposes are unexcelled by any fall flower. The following are a few
of the best and most distinct varieties.

S.altissima. 4 feet; September and October; yellow.

S. bicolor. 2 /^ feet; September and October; white. Known commonly
as " Silver-rod." An excellent plant for shady positions.

S. caesia. 3 feet; September and October; yellow. The stems of this
variety are purple.

S. latifolia. 2 feet; September and October; yellow. Large foliage and
very large flowers.

S. serotina. 3 feet; September; bright golden yellow.

S. serotina, var. gigantea. 5 to 6 feet; October; yellow. An excep-
tionally strong grower.

SPIR-#£A. Goat's Beard, or Meadow Sweet. Plants growing well in
ordinary garden soil, but thriving best in a rich loam. Of equal value for the
shrubbery border or wild garden, as they form handsome bushes with excellent
foliage, and the large heads of showy flowers are carried well above the foliage.
They cannot be spoken of too highly, and should be in every collection.

S. Aruncus. 4 to 5 feet; June and July; white. An excellent plant for
moist and shady places, and the flowers are produced in immense branched
panicles.

S. filipendula flore pleno. 2 feet; June and July; clear white. The
large showy heads of flowers are carried well above the beautiful fern-like dark
green foliage.

S. palmata. 2 feet; June and July; deep crimson; possibly the finest of
this class.

S. palmata var. elegans. 3 feet; June and July; pure white, with crim-
son anthers. A rich and beautiful variety, doing well in moist places.

164

SPIRAEA Ulmaria. 3 feet; June and July; white. One of the most
beautiful and excellent for cutting.

S. venusta. 3 feet; June and July; deep pink. Fragrant.

STACHYS Betonica; syn., Betonica rosea. i foot; July and August ;
rosy pink. An excellent plant, forming compact clumps, with deep green,
pretty foliage, and bearing flowers in small spikes. An excellent plant for the
rockery.

STATICE. Sea Lavender. Useful rockery plants, preferring rich, well-
drained soil. The foliage is deep green and leathery ; the flowers, in large-
branched panicles, are carried well above the foliage.

S. Tatarica; syn., incana. 15 inches; June to August; bright red.
S. Gmelini. 18 inches; July to September; blue.

STOKESIA cyanea. Stokes' Aster, i^ to 2 feet; July to October;
lavender-blue. One of the very best border and rockery plants, thriving in
any soil. The foliage is handsome, and from early July until frost the plants
are covered with clusters of broad flowers, often 4 inches in diameter. As it is
a low grower, it is very useful for borders.

THALICTRUM. Meadow Rue. These thrive in any garden soil, and
are of equal value for the border or rockery. They have handsome foliage,
and the showy flowers on long stems are carried well above it.

T. adiantifolium. i^feet. May and June; yellow.

T. aquilegifolium. Feathered Columbine. 2 feet; May and June; white.

THERMOPSIS Caroliniana. 4 feet; June and July; yellow. A hand-
some plant, producing long spikes of showy flowers.

TRADESCANTIA. Spiderwort. These are very bushy plants, with
deep green, attractive foliage, and of equal value for the border or rockery.
They thrive in any soil, and produce a constant succession of handsome flowers
from early summer until frost.

T. Virginiana. 2 feet; June to October; bright purple.

T. Virginiana, var. alba. 2 feet; June to October; pure white.

TROLLIUS Europaeus. Globe Flower. 2 feet; May to August; bright
yellow. This plant has handsome dark green, finely cut foliage, and the brilliant
yellow flowers, resembling immense buttercups, are carried well above the foli-
age. An excellent variety for the border or rockery.

VERNONIA. Iron Weed. Strong- growing plants, with pretty foliage,
and bearing showy heads of flowers. Excellent for the back rows of borders,
and may be used with shrubbery to good effect.

V, Arkansana. 5 feet; August and September; red.
T. Baldwini. 4 feet; August and September; purple.

165

VERONICA. Speedwell. Beautiful hardy plants for either the border or
the rockery, thriving in any soil and giving a constant succession of flowers
from spring until frost. The dwarfer sorts make excellent cover-plants.

V. longifolia, var. subsessilis. 2 feet ; August to October; deep bright
blue. The best of the large-growing varieties.

V. longifolia, var. rosea. !/•£ feet; June to August; rose.

V. rupestris. Rock Speedwell. 8 inches; May and June; bright blue.
This variety forms a thick, dense bush, with deep green foliage, and when in
bloom is literally covered with its bright flowers.

V. spicata. 1% feet; June to September; bright blue. Flowers are
borne in long spikes and continue for several weeks.

V. spicata, var. alba. i% feet; June to September; pure white.

V. Virginica. 4 feet; August and September; pure white. The flowers
are borne in long spikes, often 18 inches in length.

VINCA. Periwinkle. For covering bare spaces under trees, and as a
cover-plant in the rockery this is not surpassed by any perennial. It is a dense,
close, but rapid grower, the long, trailing shoots rooting at intervals and form-
ing a dense, dark green carpet, which is lighted up by the showy flowers borne
in profusion in the spring and occasionally throughout the summer.

V. minor. 6 inches; May; bright blue.

V. minor, var. alba. 6 inches; May; pure white.

Ferns

Every place has some nook or corner where these beautiful plants can be
used to good advantage. They are most at home in moist, shady spots, but these
conditions are not absolutely necessary, and we give below varieties that will
thrive in the open border. A prime necessity is rich, loose and fine soil, full
of "humus" or leaf-mold, such as ferns thrive in when they grow naturally.
Hard, clay ground is not fit for ferns.

(*) For shady places, (t) For the open border.

*Adiantum pedatum. Maidenhair tNephrodium Filix-mas. Male
Fern. Fern.

*Aspidium acrostichoides. Wood tOnoclea struthiopteris. Ostrich

Fern. Fern.

*A. Goldianum. Shield Fern. tOsmunda gracilis. Flowering
tAsplenium Filix-foemina. Lady Fern.

Fern. tO. Claytoniana. Flowering Fern.

*Botrychium Virginianum. tPolypodium f alcatum ,

Moonwort. *Woodwardia angustifolia. Chain
tDicksonia punctilobula. Gossa- Fern.

mer Fern.

156

Hedge Plants

EVERGREEN TREES

Biota orientalis. Chinese Arborvitae.

Picea excelsa. Norway Spruce.

Retinospora plumosa. Japan Cypress.
Dwarf.

R. plumosa aurea. Golden Japan Cypress.
Dwarf.

Taxus baccata. English Yew.

Thuya occidentalis. American Arborvitae.

T. occidentalis Wareana. Siberian Ar-
borvitae.

Tsuga Canadensis. Hemlock.

EVERGREEN

Azalea amcena.

sempervirens.

SHRUBS

Common Tree

Buxus
Box.

B. sempervirens suffruticosa. Dwarf
Edging Box.

Crataegus pyracantha. Evergreen Thorn.

C. pyracantha Lelandii. Leland's Thorn.
Euonymus Japonica.

Ilex crenata microphylla. Japanese Holly.
Mahonia aquifolia. Holly-leaved Ma-

honia.
M. Japonica. Japanese Mahonia.

DECIDUOUS TREES

Acer Tataricum, var. Ginnala. Tartarian
Maple.

Carpinus Americana. American Horn-
beam.

C. Betulus. European Hornbeam.

Crataegus Crus-galli. Cockspur Thorn.

C. Oxyacantha. English Hawthorn.

Fagus sylvatica. English Beech.

Gleditschia triacanthos. Honey Locust.

Madura aurantiaca. Osage Orange.

DECIDUOUS SHRUBS

Acanthopanax spinosa.

Berberis Thunbergii. Japanese Barberry.

B. Sinensis. Chinese Barberry.

B. vulgaris. Common Barberry.

B. purpurea. Purple Barberry.

Citrus trifoliata. Hardy Orange.

Cydonia Japonica. Japan Quince.

Elaeagnus longipes. Japanese Oleaster.

Forsythia viridissima. Golden Bell.

Hibiscus Syriacus. Althaea; Rose of
Sharon.

Hippophae rhamnoides. Sea Buckthorn.

Hydrangea paniculata grandiflora.

Ligustrum Amurense. A moor Privet.

L. Ibota. Siberian Privet.

L. Regelianum. Regel's Privet.

L. Japonica. Japanese Privet.

L. ovalifolium. California Privet.

L. Sinensis. Chinese Privet.

L. vulgaris. Common Privet.

Lonicera Tatarica. Tartarian Bush Honey-
suckle.

Rhamnus catharticus. Buckthorn.

Syringa vulgaris. Lilac.

Tamarix.

Viburnum plicatum. Japanese Snowball.

V. plicatum tomentosum. Single Japan
Snowball.

GRASSES

Eulalias, in variety.

ROSES

Rosa rugosa. Japanese Rose.
R. rubiginosa. Sweet Briar.
R. microphylla.
R. multiflora.

FLOWERING SHRUBS

Almost any of the Spireas, and such
shrubs, will make very satisfactory orna-
mental hedges.

167

INDEX

Aaron'8 Beard .......... 83

Abelia ............... 67

Abies .............. 9

Acanthopanax .......... 67

Acer .............. 37, 38

Achillea .............. 136

Aconitum ............. 136

Actinidia ............. 104

Adam's Needle ........... 33

Adiantum ............. 166

Adonis .............. 136

Ailanthus .......... • . . . 39

Akebia ............. 104

Allspice, or Sweet Shrub ...... 71

Alnus ...... ...... 39

Althaea (see, also, Hibiscus) . 67, 80, 136
Alum Root ............. 148

Alyssum .............. 137

Amelanchier ........... 39, 67

Amorpha ............. 67

Ampelopsis ............ 104

Amygdalus. See Prunus.

Andromeda (see, also, Oxydendrum) . 25,28

Anemone ............. 137

Anthemis .......... ... 137

Anthericum ............ 137

Apples ............ iii> *i2

Aquilegia .......... 137, 138

Arabis .............. 138

Aralia ........ ...... 39

Arborvitae ............. 21

Arenaria .............. 138

Aristolochia ............ 104

Armeria .............. 138

Aronia. See Pyrus.

Arrow-wood ............ 98

Artemisia ............. 138

Arundo .............. 103

Asclepias ............. 138

Ash ............... 49, 50

Asparagus ............. 124

Aspidium ............. 166

Asplenium ............. 166

Aster ............. 138, 139

Astilbe .............. 139

Azaleas ............ 25, 68

Baby's Breath ........... 147

Baccharis ............. 68

Balloon-flower ........... 160

Bambusa ............. 103

Baptisia .............. 139

Barberry .............. 71

Barrenwort ............. 146

Basswood ............. 62

Beard Tongue ........... 159

Beauty-fruit ............ 71

168

Beech 49

Belemcanda 139

Bell-flower 140

Benzoin 68

Berberis 71

Betonica. See Stachys.

Betula 40

Bignonia 104

Biota 10

Birch 40

Bittersweet 105

Black Alder 39

Blackberries 119

Blackberry Lily 139

Black Haw 101

Black Walnut 50

Bladder Nut 95

Bladder Senna 72

Blanket Flower 147

Blazing Star 154

Bleeding Heart 145

Blue Spirea 72

Bocconia 139

Boltonia 139

Botrychium 166

Box Elder 37

Boxwood 25,26

Broussonetia 40

Buckthorn 90

Burning Bush 79

Butterfly Weed 138

Buttonwood 56

Buxus 25,26

Calimeris 139

Callicarpa 71

Callirhoe 139

Calycanthus 71

Campanula 140

Candytuft 149

Caragana 71

Cardinal Flower 154

Carpinus 40

Carya . 43

Caryopteris 72

Castanea 43

Catalpa 43

Ceanothus 72

Cedar 10, 12, 13

Cedrela 44

Cedrus 10

Celastrus 105

Celtis 44

Centaurea 140

Cephalotaxus TO

Cerastium 140

Cerasus 44

Ceratostigma 140

INDEX, continued

Cercidiphyllum 45

Cercis 45 ,72

Chamomile 137

Chaste Tree 101

Chelone 140

Cherries 113

Cherry 44

Chestnut 43, 114

Chinese Angelica Tree 39

Chinese Arborvitae 10

Chinese Bell-flower 160

Chinese Cork Tree 56

Chionanthus 72

Choice Fruits m-ii8

Chokeberry 90

Christmas Rose 148

Chrysanthemum 140, 143

Cimicifuga 143

Cineraria. See Artemisia.

Cinquefoil 89

Citrus 72

Cladrastis 45

Clematis 105, 144

Clethra 72

Colorado Tea 72

Columbine 137, 138, 165

Colutea 72

Comptonia 73

Cone-flower 146

Conoclinium 144

Convallaria 144

Coral Berry 95

Corchorus 73*84

Coreopsis 144

Cork Bark 79

Cornus 45.73

Coronilla 144

Corylus 73

Cotoneaster 26,74

Crab Apples 113

Cranesbill 147

Crape Myrtle 84

Crataegus 27, 45, 46

Crown Vetch 144

Cryptomeria n

Cucumber Tree 52

Cunila 144

Cupressus n

Currant 91,119

Cydonia 74

Cypress u, 20, 62

Cytisus 46, 74

Daphne 27, 74

Deciduous Shrubs 67

Delphinium 144

Desmodium. See Lespedeza.

Deutzia 74, 77

Dianthus 144, 145

Dicentra 145

Dicksonia 166

Dictamnus 145

Diervilla 77»78

Digitalis 145, 146

Diospyros 46

Dirca 79

Dogwood 45.73

Dolichos. See Pueraria.

Doronicum 146

Double-flowering Plum 90

Dutchman's Pipe 104

Dwarf Juneberry 39

Echinacea 146

Elaeagnus 79

Elder 91

Elm 65

English Ivy 106

Epimedium 146

Erianthus 103

Erigeron 146

Eryngium 146

Esculent Roots 124

Eulalia 103

Euonymus 27, 79, 106

Eupatorium 146

Euphorbia 146

Evening Primrose 156

Evergreen Shrubs 25

Evergreen Trees 9-22

Everlasting Pea 106

Exochorda 79

Fagus 49

False Indigo 67, 139

Ferns 166

Feverfew 163

Fir (see, also, Picea) 9

Flame Flower 154

Flowering Almond 90

Flowering Crab 58

Flowering Raspberry 91

Forget-me-not 155

Forsythia 80

Foxgloves 145, 146

Fox Grape 107

Fraxinus 49, 50

Frost Grape 107, 116

Funkia 146

Gaillardia 147

Garland Flower 27

Gas Plant 145

Gentian 147

Gentiana 147

Geranium 147

German Catchfly 155

Geum 147

Gingko, or Maidenhair 60

Gleditschia 50

169

INDEX, continued

Globe Flower 73, 165

Goat's Beard 164, 165

Golden Bell 80

Golden Chain 46

Goldenrod 164

Golden Tuft 137

Glyptostrobus. See Taxodium.

Goodyera 147

Gooseberries 119,120

Grapes 107, 120

Ground Ivy 156

Ground, or Moss Pink 160

Groundsel Shrub 68

Guelder Rose 101

Gymnocladus 50

Gynerium 103

Gypsophila 147

Halesia (see, also, Pterostyrax) . . . . 50

Hamamelis . 80

Hardy Roses 125-134

Hazel 73

Hedera 106

Hedge Plants 167

Helenium 147

Helianthus 147, 148

Heliopsis 148

Helleborus 148

Hemerocallis, or Day Lily 148

Hemlock 22

Hepatica 148

Herbaceous Plants 136-165

Hercules' Club 39

Heuchera • 148

Hibiscus 80, 149

High Cranberry Bush 101

Hippophae (see, also, Buckthorn) . . 80

Holly ii( 27, 28

Hollyhocks (see, also, Althaea) .... 136

Honey Locust ... 50

Honeysuckle 86, 106, 107

Hop Tree . . 57

Hornbeam 40

Horse-chestnut 39

Horsemint 155

Hovenia 50

Hydrangea 83, 106

Hypericum 83,84

Iberis 149

Ilex ii, 27, 28, 84

Indian Bean 43

Iris 149-154

Iron Weed 165

Itea 84

Jacob's Ladder 163

Japanese Maples . 38

Japan Judas 72

Japan, or Boston Ivy 104

Japan Cypress 15, 19

f n\j r.

Japan Plums ng

Japan Quince 74

apanese Snowball 101

asmine 84

asminum 84

ersey Tea 72

uglans 50

Juneberry 67

Juniper 11-13

Juniperus 11-13

Kalniia 28

Kentucky Coffee Tree 50

Kerria 84, 90

Kniphofia 154

Koelreuteria 51

Kudzu Vine 107

Lagerstramia 84

Lamp Flower 154

Larch 51

Larix .... 51

Larkspur 144

Lathyrus 106

Laurel 28

Laurus. See Sassafras.

Lavandula 154

Lavender 154

Lavender-cotton 163

Leadwort 140

Leather Flower 144

Leatherwood 79

Lespedeza 84

Leucothoe 28

Liatris 154

Ligustrum 85

Lilac 96, 97

Lilium 154

Lily-of-the-valley 144

Limonia. See Citrus.

Linden 62, 65

Liquidambar 51

Liriodendron 51

Liver Leaf 148

Lobelia 154

Locust 50, 60

London Pride 154

Lonicera 86, 106, 107

Loosestrife 155

Lychnis 154, 155

Lycium 86

Lysimachia 155

Lythrum 155

Maclura 51

Magnolia 52,55

Mahonia 28

Maidenhair Fern 166

Maidenhair Tree 60

Maple 37»38

Maryland Dittany . 144

170

Peonies grown at Andorra. See page 156*

No. i, Platycodon grandiflorum alba. See page 160.
No. 2, Perennial Phlox. See page 159.

INDEX, continued

Matrimony Vine 86

Meadow Rue 165

Meadow Sweet 164

Mertensia 155

Mist Flower 144

Mist, or Smoke Tree 90

Mock Orange 89

Mocker Nut 43

Monarda 155

Moneywort 155

Monk's Hood 136

Moonpenny Daisy 140, 143

Morus 55

Mountain Ash 62

Mountain Bluet 140

Mourning Bride 163

Mulberry 40, 55

Myosotis 155, 156

Myrica 86

Negundo. See Acer Negundo.

Nepeta 156

Nephrodium 166

Nettle Tree 44

Nuts and Nut Trees 114

Nyssa 55

Oak 58,59

CEnothera 156

Oleaster 79

Onoclea 166

Ophiopogon 156

Orange, Hardy Trifoliate 72

Osage Orange 51

Osmanthus 28

Osmunda .... 166

Oswego Tea, or Fragrant Balm . . . 155

Oxydendrum 55

Paeonia 156-158

Pachysandra 156

Pampas Grass 103

Papaver .... 158

Pardanthus. See Belemcanda.

Parrotia 56

Pavia. See .^Esculus.

Peach 56

Peaches 114,117

Pearl Bush 79

Pears 117,118

Pentstemon ... 159

Perennial Sunflower 147, 148

Periploca 107

Periwinkle 166

Persian Iron Tree 56

Persica 56

Persimmon 46

Phalaris 103

Phellodendron 56

Philadelphus 89

Phlox 159, 160

Photinia 89

Physostegia 160

Picea 13, 14

Pine . . 14, 15

Pinks 145

Pinus 14, 15

Pinxter Flower 68

Plane 56

Planting Suggestions 3

Platanus 56

Platycodon 160

Plum, Flowering 57

Podocarpus 15

Polemonium 163

Polypodium 166

Poplar 56>57

Populus 56, 57

Poppy 158

Potentilla 89, 163

Prairie Rose 127

Primrose 163

Primula 163

Privet 85

Pruning 4

Prunus (see, also, Cerasus) 57.9°

Pseudotsuga 15

Ptelea 57

Pterostyrax 57

Pueraria 107

Purple Mist 90

Pussy Willow 60

Pyrethrum 163

Pyrus 58, 90

Quercus 58, 59

Quinces iiS

Ragged Robin 155

Raspberries . 123

Rattlesnake Plantain 147

Red Bud, or American Judas 45

Reeds and Grasses 103

Retinospora 15, 16, 19

Rhamnus 90

Rhododendrons 3i~33

Rhodotypos 90

Rhubarb 124

Rhus 59, 60, 90

Ribbon Grass 103

Ribes 91

Robinia 60,91

Rose Acacia 91

Rose Campion 155

Rose of Sharon 80

Rose, Briar 127

Roses, Bush 127

Roses, Climbing 127

Roses, Everblooming 127-129

Roses, Hybrid Perpetual .... 129, 130
Roses, Moss 130

173

INDEX, continued

Roses, Wichuraiana I33>134

Rosy Milfoil . 136

Rubus 91

Rudbeckia 163

Rugosa Roses 130, 133

Salisburia 60

Salix 60, 61

Sambucus 91

Sandwort 138

Santolina 163

Sassafras ... 61

Scabiosa 163

Scarlet Haw 46

Sciadopitys 19

Scotch Broom 74

Sea Holly . . 146

Sea Lavender 165

Sedum - 164

Shad-bush 39

Shellbark Hickory 43, 114

Sheepberry 98

Shrub Yellow Root 102

Siberian Pea 71

Silk Vine 107

Small Fruits 119-123

Snake's Beard 156

Snakeroot 143, 146

Snowberry 95

Snowdrop Tree 50

Solidago 164

Sophora 62

Sorbus 62

Sorrel Tree . 55

Sour Gum 55

Speedwell 166

Spice Bush 68

Spiderwort 165

Spindle Tree 79

Spiraea .91,92,95,164,165

Spring Adonis 136

Spruce 13, 14, 15

Spurge 146

Stachys 165

Staphylea 95

Starwort, or Michaelmas Daisy . . 138, 139

Statice 165

St. Bernard's Lily 137

Stephanandra 95

Stokesia 165

Stokes' Aster 165

Stone Crop 164

Strawberries 123

Strawberry Bush 79

Styrax 95

Sumac 59, 60, 90

Sunflower 147, 148

Swamp Huckleberry 98

Sweet Fern 73

174

Sweet Gum 51

Sweet William 144, 145

Sweet Pepper Bush 72

Symphoricarpus . 95

Syringa 89, 96, 97

Tamarix 98

Taxodium 62

Taxus 19, 20

Tecoma. See Bignonia.

Thalictrum 165

Thermopsis 165

Thorn 27,45,46

Thrift 138

Thuya 21

Thujopsis 20

Tickseed 144

Tiger Lily 154

Tilia 62,65

Tradescantia 165

Tree of Heaven 39

Trollius 165

Trumpet Vine 104

Tsuga 22

Tulip Tree 51

Ulmus 65

Umbrella Pine 19

Umbrella Tree 52

Vaccinium 98

Varnish Tree 51

Vernonia 165

Veronica 166

Viburnum 98, 101

Vinca . . . 166

Vines and Climbing Plants . . . 104-107

Virginia Cowslip 155

Virgilia. See Cladrastis.

Virginia Creeper 104

Vitex ioi

Vitis 107

Wax Myrtle 86

Wayfaring Tree 98

Weeping Locust 50

Weigela 77, 78

White Fringe l^

White Rod 98

Wolf's-bane \ . . 136

Woodwardia 166

Willow 60, 61

Windflower 13?

Winter Berry 84

Wistaria , . . . . 108

Witch Hazel 80

Xanthoceras ioi

Xanthorrhiza 102

Yarrow *36

Yellow Wood 45

Yew 10, 15, 19, 20

Yucca 33

Designed, Illustrated and Printed
by J. Horace McFarland Company,
Horticultural Printers^ Harrisburg, Pa.

14 DAY USE

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LD 21A-3m-3,'74
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