Annals of the Smithsonian Institution 1997 . NOV 15 2000 LIBRARIES i Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian Institution Archives National Collections Program Washington, D.C. For additional copies of this publication, contact the National Collections Program, Smithsonian Institution Archives, 900 Jefferson Drive, SW, Room 3101, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-0404; (202) 357-3125; tompkinsw@si.edu Annals of the Smithsonian Institution 1997 Contents Smithsonian Institution 4 Statement by the Secretary 6 Report of the Under Secretary 9 Report of the Provost = 14 Report of the Board of Regents 16 Chronology 18 Reports of the Bureaus and Offices of the Smithsonian Institution for Fiscal Year 1997 44 Members of the Smithsonian Councils, Boards, and Commissions, September 30,1997 96 Visits to the Smithsonian Institution Museums and Galleries in Fiscal Year1997 104 Academic, Research Training, and Internship Appointments and Research Associates in Fiscal Year 1997 105 Award Activity at the Smithsonian Institution in Fiscal Year 1997 148 Publications of the Smithsonian Institution Press in Fiscal Year1997 ~—'158 Publications of the Staff of the Smithsonian Institution and Its Subsidiaries in Fiscal Year 1997 160 The Smithsonian Institution and Its Subsidiaries, September 30, 1997 238 Donors to the Smithsonian Institution in Fiscal Year 1997 258 Contributing Members of the Smithsonian Institution in Fiscal Year 1997 278 Financial Report 296 Notes: The arrangement of bureau and office listings within is not alphabetical but rather follows as closely as possible the organization of the Smithsonian Institution as shown on page 4. The contents of Annals were produced from electronic files provided by the bureaus and offices. Smithsonian Institution Establishment, Board of Regents, Executive Committee, and the Secretary Office of the Secretary Office of the Under Secretary Office of the Provost Office of Inspector General Office of Planning, Management, and Budget Office of General Counsel Office of Government Relations Office of Communications Secretary Inspector General Secretariat Planning, Management, and Budget Membership and Development Under Secretary Operations Directorate Chief Financial Officer Comptroller Contracting and Property Management Risk and Asset Management Senior Executive Officer Equal Employment and Minority Affairs Human Resources Ombudsman Senior Facilities Officer 4 Environmental Management and Safety Physical Plant Protection Services Senior Information Officer Imaging, Printing, and Photographic Services Information Technology Business Management Directorate Smithsonian Magazine Smithsonian Associates Smithsonian Businesses —Rerail —Concessions —Product Development and Licensing —Smithsonian Press/Productions Provost Museums and Research Institutes Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture Archives of American Art Arthur M. Sackler Gallery/Freer Gallery of Art Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies Conservation Analytical Laboratory Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden National Air and Space Museum National Museum of African Art National Museum of American Art —Renwick Gallery National Museum of American History National Museum of the American Indian National Museum of Natural History —Museum Support Center National Portrait Gallery National Postal Museum National Zoological Park Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Education, Museum, and Scholarly Services Center for Museum Studies Exhibits Central Fellowship and Grants International Relations National Science Resources Center Smithsonian Institution Archives Smithsonian Institution Libraries Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service Smithsonian Office of Education Sponsored Projects Other Support Services Accessibility Program Institutional Studies Scientific Diving Program Affiliated Organizations John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts National Gallery of Art Reading Is Fundamental, Inc. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Statement by the Secretary I. Michael Heyman Before I took up my responsibilities as Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution in September 1994, I had enjoyed 35 years as a member of an academic community: the University of California at Berkeley, with 10 as chancellor. One of the questions J am regularly asked is whether I miss the world of students and the opportunity to shape their education. The answer is yes, I do. I miss the company of undergraduates and graduates. For someone of my generation, teaching the young is a way to touch the future. But I am quick to add that I have not left the world of education; I have simply exchanged one kind of educational institution for another. James Smithson’s mandate to dedicate the Smithsonian to “the increase and diffusion of knowledge” well over 150 years ago keeps this great complex of museums and research institutes focused on goals that are at the heart of education. There are differences, of course. Much of the education that happens within the Smithsonian universe can be described as informal rather than formal. We are not a degree-granting institution, nor do we shepherd the young through the stages of classroom experience from elementary through high school. We present to the public, both school age and adult, a wealth of programs that represent and reinforce the excitement of learning about the human and the natural worlds. We have no alumni because there is no fixed starting or ending point to what we offer. In recent years, however, the Smithsonian has taken more and more interest in making its resources directly available to America’s schools. In the last decades of this century, our nation has come to recognize a need to find new ways to support the education of our children and to help prepare them for a rapidly changing world. The Smithsonian has developed educational materials and programs based on actual objects and other primary resources that, in effect, take our museums and research institutes to the classroom. We feel 6 we have something to offer schools that are special to our own learning environment. Traditionally, education has relied heavily on texts and lectures, questions and discussions. Words are at the core of the experience. Object-based education focuses the learning experience more on artifacts and primary documents ina manner that taps children's diverse learning styles while stimulating interest and providing a deeper understanding of the subject. As one teacher put it, “Even young children can often be helped to understand quite complex concepts when they can discover them concretely manifested in objects.” One Smithsonian project for a schoolchild based on this approach is “Of Kayaks and Ulus,” which was created largely by the National Museum of Natural History for grades 7 through Io. The project, originally presented in a kit but soon available on the Internet, involves Bering Sea Eskimos and emphasizes the journals and collections of a famous nineteenth-century Smithsonian naturalist, Edward Nelson. The kit contains a teachers’ guide, which suggests, for instance, that students view “mystery” slides of objects from the Eskimo culture, then ponder how these objects were made and used. Further discussion usually elicits hypotheses about the environment in which the people who made these items lived, the natural resources they depended upon, their ability as craftspeople, and similar topics. After this process, the students learn thar all the objects, and many others, are ina collection at the Smithsonian amassed by Nelson. Then they are introduced to reproductions of Nelson’s letters, journals, photographs, drawings, and field notes. There are many other examples of similar projects developed by the Smithsonian. One is a popular science curriculum featuring hands-on experiments for students in grades I through 6. Created by the National Science Resources Center (a joint initiative of the Smithsonian and the National Academy of Sciences), the curriculum enables children to learn by doing experiments, as well as by reading texts and listening to teachers. As one of the world’s premier research institutions, we are ideally suited to help students better understand science by teaching them not only what we know but also how we know it. The program, called Science and Technology for Children, is used in more than 20 percent of the nation’s school! districts, and similar curricula are now being fashioned for grades 7 and 8. One of the pleasures of my position as Secretary is the opportunity to visit schools and see some of these programs in action. I can also keep in touch with students, though they are somewhat younger than the Berkeley undergraduates I once knew. Last year, I observed classes using the NSRC science curriculum while I was visiting Anchorage, Alaska. It was a delight to see fifth- and sixth-graders not only reading about science but actually handling objects that had scientific importance. This is a wonderful way to teach the scientific method. The pupils hypothesized about the outcome, did the steps, and saw the results. They learned as much when they were wrong as when they were right. Another time, I was surrounded by a kinetic first-grade group visiting the Hands On History Room at the National Museum of American History. The objects here were not scientific but historical, evoking the early nineteenth century, and they were all piled into a big box. I was one of the adults telling that excited group stories about the objects and clothing. The excitement mounted when the children were invited to try on the clothing; one great big red cape was particularly popular. I know something important was happening there: the stimulation of curiosity and the glimmerings of a world beyond their own experience. It was one of the best times I have had at the Smithsonian. As I have come to know the range of educational activities conceived by my colleagues in the museums, the research institutes, and in our central Smithsonian Office of Education, I continue to be impressed by the inventiveness of their strategies. ‘The National Portrait Gallery, for example, takes to classrooms “The Trial of John Brown,” in which costumed gallery staff play the roles of judge, attorneys, and witnesses in a mock trial of the nineteenth-century abolitionist while students serve as jury. The National Postal Museum has put together an activity book in which students create their own postage stamps and another book thar is a guide to building letter-writing relationships across generations. Other materials among the 455 items listed in the latest Smithsonian Resource Guide for Teachers include such imaginatively titled booklets as Birds over Troubled Forests, from the Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center of the National Zoo, and the Smithsonian Office of Education’s Image and Identity: Clothing and Adolescence in the 19905, which explores the clues that clothing provides to understanding culture. Studies indicate that skillfully done object-based education is a successful means of engaging young people and teaching a variety of skills and subjects. If these techniques are to be widely used in schools and museums, considerable resources must be invested in the preparation and distribution of materials and, most important, in teacher training. Teachers who are confident they can use these new techniques find object-based education an exciting way to enhance learning. The Smithsonian has been involved in a number of activities to inform teachers and to offer relevant training, especially in the Washington metropolitan area. Summer seminars for teachers, conducted largely within Smithsonian museums and research institutes, focus on how to use museum collections in the teaching process. Similarly, Smithsonian staff have worked with the National Faculty, a nonprofit educational organization, in extensive teacher training programs around the country that involve curators from the Institution and local museums, as well as distinguished university professors. The Smithsonian also brings thousands of Washington-area teachers together at an annual Teachers’ Night to see displays and discuss materials and programs for local schools. As a way to reach more educators, we have begun to use the Internet to share curriculum ideas and lesson plans. By the year 2003, an Education Resource Center in the Arts and Industries Building will allow teachers to try out a variety of curriculum kits and other materials on site. A virtual version will also be available on the Smithsonian Education World Wide Web site (http://educate.si.edu/). In these ways the Smithsonian can collaborate with all schools interested in our approach to object-based and research-linked education. But two schools in the District of Columbia are taking the Smithsonian connection one step further. In the fall of 1996, Robert Brent Elementary School and Stuart-Hobson Middle School became Museum Magnet Schools through a partnership forged between the District of Columbia Public Schools and the Smithsonian Institution under a grant from the U.S. Department of Education. The Smithsonian Office of Education describes this partnership as “a groundbreaking program for elementary and middle school students allowing them to pursue real questions, becoming both teacher and student, observer and curator.” Using an interdisciplinary and thematic approach, students in these schools collect, study, and interpret objects to learn science, art, geography, history, and potentially a multitude of other subjects. What strikes me as particularly remarkable about this program is its core insight that students may learn best when they have the opportunity to present their learning to new audiences. In February 1997, the Washington Post reported on a tour that Erica Webster, 14, of Stuart-Hobson Middle School gave “a wide-eyed group of kindergartners” of a Native American history exhibition she and her eighth-grade classmates had developed. Erica’s sure command of the material came across as she sat with the younger students in a 12-foot-tall tepee made of bed linens. Erica’s principal, Yvonne Lewis, described the total immersion of her eighth-graders in Native American culture. “Their lives became these people’s lives. Across the board, in all their classes, whatever they were working on was tied to Native Americans.” Examples she gave were the use of geometry to design tepees and igloos; the use of food and culture as the basis of essays and poetry; and science teaching focused on Native American agricultural strategies. This is modern learning at its best—active and imaginative. These students are engaged in their learning and, as a result, are invested in it. They make observations, see connections, and find meaning for themselves. Like the curators they resemble, they conduct research and then choose ways to communicate their discoveries to others. It is an encouraging start to an experiment we are watching closely to determine long-term educational benefits. The Museum Magnet Schools project is one of a number presided over by the Smithsonian's Office of Education, led by its energetic director Ann Bay. It reflects not only the Institution's commitment to object-based and interdisciplinary education but also our commitment to partnerships as the foundation of all our educational efforts. Whether working in Washington or elsewhere around the nation, Bay’s office emphasizes community-based outreach. The Smithsonian goes to communities that invite us to work with them, building bridges between local museums and schools. This was the theme of one of our most valuable Isoth anniversary projects, a national teleconference jointly sponsored with the Institute of Museum and Library Services, which presented models of successful museum-school partnerships. Our magnet school program is new, but another formal attempt to test the value of museum-based education dates to 1988 and the establishment of our own Smithsonian Early Enrichment Center (SEEC). The founding board envisioned this program as a national model, establishing museums as learning centers for preschool children. I'll let the center's director, Sharon Shaffer, describe a typical day: Children are fascinated by things that go, such as bikes, cars, trucks, and planes. A group of three-year-olds may listen to the story “Curious George Rides a Bike.” A museum visit sets the stage for expanding their understanding of bicycles as the children search fora bike that is just like George's. As the hunt develops, the children view a unicycle, a tandem bike, and an antique bicycle. They discuss the size and number of wheels on each bike and, as they observe wooden wheels and rubber tires, consider why some wheels look different from others. They want to know about spokes and chains and gears and handlebars." The experience continues back in the classroom as children listen to the old-time song, “A Bicycle Built for Two,” pretend to pedal around the room, and create collages of bicycles. A recent analysis of five years of test data shows that children participating in the SEEC program exceeded expected achievement in all areas. Two-thirds of SEEC preschoolers score in the 99th percentile in nationally normed science tests upon completion of the program. The application of the SEEC curriculum, known as Museum Magic, outside the Smithsonian was tested in the fall of 1997 in Cleveland through an arrangement with University Circle, Inc., in collaboration with five preschools and seven cultural institutions. No report on the Smithsonian’s new strategies for the “diffusion of knowledge” would be complete without an electronic dimension. There are those who see electronic outreach as a threat to direct people-to-people interaction. I am not one of them. At the Smithsonian, we see successful electronic communication as built on human connections. The more we share our resources electronically, the more we can be of service to our many publics and to the educational goals we all share. One of my first priorities as Secretary was the creation in 1995 of a World Wide Web site, which has given many Americans easy access to a range of our collections and fields of expertise. More recently, my colleagues have created experimental electronic programs that will invite the richest possible interaction between Smithsonian resources and the needs of our nation’s classrooms. Among the most remarkable of these is the Natural Partners Initiative, led by the National Museum of Natural History in close partnership with the National Zoological Park and the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center and, outside the Smithsonian, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Stennis Space Center, Mississippi State University, the Council for Great City Schools, and many other partners now and to come. This initiative has already begun to benefit classrooms as far from the Smithsonian's home base in Washington as Alabama, California, Florida, Iowa, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Wyoming. This creative new program has been designed to enliven the way science is taught. It will electronically link scientific and educational insticutions, technical experts, teachers, and firsthand experiences in a local classroom setting. The program uses state-of-the-art technologies to enable live two-way videoconferencing between Smithsonian content experts and students and teachers wherever they are situated, as well as virtual cours of exhibits, links to remote Smithsonian research sites, and teacher training and enhancement conferences, among a wealth of strategies. In the words of its founders, the Natural Partners Initiative will “allow educators to become immersed in content that was previously very difficult to access. It will further support those teachers in using inquiry-based learning. Natural Partners would like to see every classroom become a museum.” So would we all. Report of the Under Secretary Constance Berry Newman One of the best ways to understand the essence of the Smithsonian Institution is to look around not just at the intriguing objects on exhibit or at the rapt faces of visiting youngsters, but at the people who work here. Inside each building, security personnel welcome staff and visitors while keeping trained eyes out for their safety and the safety of the collections. At museum information desks, volunteers field questions, give directions, and suggest places to visit. Computer specialists make sure the Institution’s information systems are humming, electricians maintain the systems that illuminate the nation’s treasures, and painters prepare gallery walls to display magnificent works of art. The Smithsonian's success is all about the people. Curators, scientists, educators, collections managers, and conservators make visible, indisputable contributions to what we do. Yet, we may take for granted the equally valuable contributions of many other employees, often working behind the scenes. Knowledge is “increased and diffused” thanks to every one of them, whatever their job descriptions might be. We began this year with a challenging act to follow: the Smithsonian's 150th anniversary celebration in fiscal year 1996. We sustained the anniversary spirit throughout the Institution, in team efforts to engage the American people in their Smithsonian. The Institution's service, financial, and administrative organizations were critical to those efforts, as they continued to provide a strong foundation for education and outreach. A Continuing Celebration The 150th anniversary traveling exhibition “America’s Smithsonian” was in St. Paul, Minnesota, at the beginning of the fiscal year and then traveled to Houston, Texas; Portland, Oregon; Birmingham, Alabama; and San Jose, California. More than 3 million visitors have had the opportunity to see highlights of the nation’s collections since the exhibition opened in February 1996. “Voices of Discovery,” administered by The Smithsonian Associates, again brought Smithsonian scholars to the exhibition venues for nearly 400 free programs at museums, schools, libraries, senior centers, and other sites. An advertising, marketing, and publicity campaign in each city, designed and implemented by the Office of Public Affairs (OPA), raised public awareness of the exhibition. OPA’s work on “America’s Smithsonian” and other anniversary projects earned the Silver Anvil Award of Excellence from the Public Relations Society of America. In the spring, the Smithsonian contracted with Rathe Production, Inc., and PGI, Inc., to manage transportation, installation and deinstallation, special events, and public relations for the exhibition in future locations. Welcoming a Diverse Audience We should never assume that people know what the Smithsonian has to offer. We need to communicate actively with those who visit and those who do not, with loyal audiences and with others who are new to the Institution. We must also recognize that some groups have not been well represented in our collections, exhibitions, and programs. We are taking steps to broaden the coverage, and we are being more aggressive in our effort to reach out to a wider audience. Outreach to the Latino community was an emphasis this year. OPA’s ongoing projects reached Latino audiences in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area and across the nation. The office represented the Smithsonian at local and national Hispanic events such as the annual U.S. Hispanic Chamber of 9 Commerce conference; began a partnership with the Bravo Group, a national Hispanic marketing group; and created target bilingual publicity campaigns for several exhibitions. The Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception Center (VIARC) reached potential visitors through La Cumbre, the primary travel trade show for travel agents and tour operators who send visitors to Washington from Latin America. A Lifetime of Learning People of all ages can find abundant learning opportunities at the Smithsonian. The Smithsonian Associates, Smithsonian magazine, and Smithsonian Press/Smithsonian Productions bring education, enlightenment, and enjoyment to wide audiences and strengthen the bond between the American people and their national museums. The Smithsonian Associates (TSA) truly has something for everyone. Consider some offerings on TSA's rich menu this year: an eight-week Campus on the Mall course examining the impact of Jackie Robinson's breaking the baseball color barrier 50 years ago; a chance for families to meet Kermit, Elmo, Miss Piggy, and other Muppets in an unprecedented look at the late Jim Henson’s genius; and the first Smithsonian Associates voyage to the North Pole, on board a nuclear-powered icebreaker. TSA took educational programs across the nation during fiscal year 1997. Along with “Voices of Discovery,” national outreach initiatives included a new audiocassette series. “Voices from The Smithsonian Associates” showcases popular Resident Associate programs such as Microsoft's Bill Gates, journalists David Brinkley and Walter Cronkite, historians Stephen Ambrose and James McPherson, and writers P. D. James and Pat Conroy. Art in Celebration!, an exhibition of TSA's commissioned artworks organized in collaboration with the Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service, continued its three-year, 40-state tour on Artrain. The tour is sponsored by Chrysler Corporation. Some 360 Smithsonian Study Tours, in the United States and around the world, included family-oriented trips to the Galapagos Islands and Kenya. Many TSA programs have become signature Smithsonian events and local traditions. Discovery Theater, the only continuous live children’s theater in the Washington area, celebrated its twentieth season. Many of the 75,000 youngsters who delight in Discovery Theater performances each year are experiencing theater for the first time. The annual Smithsonian Kite Festival on the Mall, one of the premier handmade kite competitions in the world, was again sponsored jointly by The Smithsonian Associates, the National Air and Space Museum, and participating kite-flying clubs. At TSA’s summer camp, some 450 youngsters ages 4 to 13 discovered the wonders of the sea, learned about ancient Pompeii, took an imaginary trip to the Moon, created their own Web pages, filmed their own science fiction videos, and more. Io For design and decorative arts historians, TSA began offering a two-year aster’s degree program in the history of nineteenth- and rwentieth-century American decorative arts. Created in cooperation with Cooper-Hewitt National Museum of Design and Parsons School of Design, the program gives students unique access to materials on American art and design history contained in the Smithsonian's unparalleled holdings. Smithsonian magazine, read by nearly 8 million people each month, ts a vital educational outreach vehicle. Academic institutions, associations, and textbook publishers use its articles as course material or for information. About 70 percent of the more than 500 reprint requests received this year were from organizations with an educational purpose or affiliation. Smzthsonian took on a polished new look with the July 1997 issue, the first redesign in the magazine's 27-year history. Azr & Space/Smithsonian magazine finished its eleventh year of publication, providing 1.2 million readers with focused editorial content relating to the collections of the National Air and Space Museum and information of interest to the aerospace community. Smithsonian Press/Smithsonian Productions (SP/SP) reaches both popular and scholarly audiences through a variety of media, publishing more than 100 books and recordings each year. This year, SP/SP celebrated the American musical with Red, Hot & Blue. written by curators Amy Henderson and Dwight Blocker Bowers to accompany the popular National Portrait Gallery—National Museum of American History exhibition. A four-CD set, “Star-Spangled Rhythm,” showcased nearly 90 years of the musical’s recorded history and featured many rare, never-before-released performances. New titles for a popular audience from SP/SP included Snakes in Question and Bats in Question, part of the Smithsonian Answer Book series. These inviting, easy-to-read books, written by Smithsonian experts, satisfy the curiosity of both adults and children. SP/SP also launched a major 16-volume popular series in partnership with Random House Publishers, the Smithsonian Guides for Natural America. SP/SP’s notable contributions to scholarly literature this year included The Origin and Early Diversification of Land Plants: A Cladistic Study, by Paul Kenrick and Peter R. Crane, considered one of the most important books on the assembly of terrestrial ecosystems. Another new publication, the second volume in Tom D. Dillehay’s Monte Verde: A Late Pleistocene Settlement in Chile, received national attention for rewriting the chronology of the peopling of the Americas. The 13-part radio series from SP/SP, “Black Radio: Telling It Like It Was,” won prestigious radio honors in the Alfred I. DuPonr—Columbia University Awards and the George Foster Peabody Awards. The series has run on nearly 200 radio stations around the country. Major production began on the television project “River of Song: Music along the Mississippi,” as PBS announced its intention to broadcast the three-hour series nationally in 1998-99. A companion radio series, funded by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, will air on public radio, anda related book is also planned. “Slaves No More,” a new radio project featuring the recollections of former slaves recorded in the 1930s by the Works Progress Administration, received major funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. Expanded Public Awareness Engaging the public in the Smithsonian requires another kind of educational effort: building awareness of the Institution, its educational mission, and its multifaceted public service. Throughout the year, we used various strategies to generate public interest and understanding. When people plan a visit to the Smithsonian, they need accurate and complete information. This year, VIARC staff reviewed descriptions of the Smithsonian for the 1998 editions of 35 major Washington, D.C., guidebooks. On the Smithsonian website, VIARC provides a current Institution-wide calendar and exhibition listings, along with suggestions for planning a visit and information about how to volunteer. VIARC also strengthened its links with the local, national, and international tour and travel industry by participating in key national meetings where the Smithsonian's representative met individually with nearly 250 tour operators. Teachers, students, and researchers can turn to the useful “Resources” brochures, produced by OPA, for information on collections, databases, publications, fellowships, internships, and more. This year, a fourth title, “Asian Pacific American Resources at the Smithsonian,” was added to the series. OPA also published four issues of the newsletter “Smithsonian Institution Research Reports,” which informs members of Congress, scholars and scientists, library users, and Smithsonian Contributing Members about the many research efforts around the Institution. Smithsonian Year 1996, prepared by OPA with Smithsonian Press/Smithsonian Productions, was a special thematic annual report focusing on the 1soth anniversary and its related activities and programs. Special events and conferences drew thousands of people to the Smithsonian this year, extending the Institution's connections to a variety of organizations and individuals. The Office of Special Events and Conference Services produced nearly 400 events that increased public awareness and often raised revenue. Among the highlights were a reception honoring the president of Honduras, hosted by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; the 1997 Computerworld Smithsonian Awards presentation ceremony; a World Wildlife Fund environmental preservation symposium; a dinner celebrating the dedication of the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial; and the first Great Smithsonian Press Sale, which drew several thousand shoppers over three days in June. The Smithsonian’s congressionally mandated activities stressed its core educational mission and programming. Through presentations at hearings, live demonstrations, site visits, lectures, and distribution of program materials, the Office of Government Relations raised congressional awareness and enlisted the assistance of members of Congress and their staff in promoting their constituents’ participation in Smithsonian programs. During the year, members of Congress joined in bringing the National Museum of Natural History's Natural Partners Initiative and National Science Resources Center programs to their communities. Products with an Educational Message The Smithsonian is committed to developing and licensing products that reflect its educational values and extend its message. From a business point of view, offering merchandise of high quality helps strengthen the Institution's financial base. From an education point of view, an exhibition catalogue, a CD-ROM, or a product carrying a descriptive card contribute to people’s knowledge of our collections and research and stimulate interest in the Smithsonian. This was a banner year for the Museum Shops, with sales exceeding $33 million, a 16 percent increase over fiscal year 1996. Shops supporting the exhibitions Red. Hot & Blue: A Salute to American Musicals at the National Portrait Gallery and Amber: Window to the Past at the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) were especially successful. Ac NMNH, two new shops opened in November, with spacious and inviting designs that incorporate actual museum artifacts and make the shops integral to the museum visit. Off the Mall, a new shop with a varied selection of merchandise opened in the new Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport terminal, operated in partnership with concessionaire Lanta Concessions, Inc. The successful shop at Baltimore- Washington International Airport continued to offer aviation-related merchandise. Both airport shops also provide information designed to attract visitors to the Smithsonian and promote membership. The Smithsonian Catalogue, like the Museum Shops, continues to reflect the educational values and the rich diversity of the museums and research institutes. Every product receives curatorial approval. The catalogue enjoyed its best sales year ever, with the holiday 1996 edition posting record sales. Through licensing agreements, the Smithsonian also promotes its educational mission. This year, Natural Science Industries, Inc., expanded its line of children’s science kits, and Soundprints began issuing teachers’ guides to accompany its children’s books and tapes. The Institution signed a new agreement this year with Scientific Explorer, Inc., for educational activity kits. Strong Infrastructure In support of the Smithsonian's educational mission, crucial work goes on in finance, administration, facilities, and information technology. A spirit of teamwork guides these service-oriented divisions, which often work in concert with museums, research institutes, and offices. II Staff development and recognition were a focus in several Smithsonian units this year. The third annual Secretary’s Award for Excellence in Equal Opportunity Program, cosponsored by the Office of Equal Employment and Minority Affairs and che Secretary's office, recognized four employees for their outstanding contributions. The Unsung Heroes awards, which began in the Isoth anniversary year and continued through December 1996, honored Smithsonian employees nominated by their colleagues for exemplary service. The program was coordinated by the Ombudsman. Other offices provided vital internal support. The Office of the Comptroller, for example, guided the new Smithsonian Financial System general ledger and financial reporting system through its first year. The Office of Human Resources held its first open house, designed to inform employees about the services available to them. The Office of Physical Plant worked on five major expansion initiatives this year. Inside the courtyards at the National Museum of Natural History, two major projects are under way. The East Court Building will provide expanded staff office space, a Smithsonian Early Enrichment Center, a rare book library, public restrooms, and collections space. The museum's new Discovery Center/West Court Building will feature a Discovery Room, a large-format movie theater, and a restaurant. This year, the Office of Risk and Asset Management began the process of obtaining approval for $40 million in tax-exempt financing for the project. Construction progressed on the National Museum of the American Indian’s Cultural Resources Center in Suitland, Maryland, set to open in fall 1998. Design of the Mall museum advanced to the construction documents phase, based on schematic design approvals from the Commission of Fine Arts and the National Capital Planning Commission early in the year. The design of the National Air and Space Museum's Dulles Center is also moving ahead. Several major projects led the way for Smithsonian repairs and renovations to existing buildings. Design fee negotiations are under way to renovate the Arts and Industries Building to renew offices, exhibit halls, child care facilities, and other spaces. Design was completed on two projects: accessibility improvements and a new roof for the National Museum of American Art and the National Portrait Gallery and skylight and window wall replacements for the National Air and Space Museum. At the National Museum of Natural History, mechanical renovations continued on the upper floors. The Office of Contracting and Property Management continued to provide contractual support for “America’s Smithsonian” and for media and entertainment projects developed through a relationship with a Hollywood agent, Creative Artists Agency. The office awarded several multimillion-dollar contracts, including those to build the National Museum of the American Indian’s Cultural Resources Center and the Discovery Center at the National Museum of Natural History. In addition to providing operational support for information systems throughout the I2 Institution, the Office of Information Technology began a three-phase process of upgrading SINET, the Smithsonian's internal data communications network. This year, several buildings were wired or recabled, some network software and electronics were upgraded, and MCI was selected as the new Internet service provider. The Office of Imaging, Printing, and Photographic Services added tens of thousands of photographs of Smithsonian artifacts and special events to its already large collection. Many of these images will be digitized for public Internet access and internal use as part of the large-scale project to digitize Smithsonian collections. As the fanfare of the Smithsonian's Isoth anniversary subsided, we returned to business as usual this year. But the Institution's “business’—aits mission of increasing and diffusing knowledge—is hardly “usual.” The Smithsonian is for everyone, from the second-grader to the distinguished scholar. That is a far-reaching mandate, and fulfilling ic requires a multiplicity of skills and talents. At the Smithsonian, we are fortunate to have staff who are dedicated to our mission and committed to excellence. Thanks to their collaborative efforts, this unique center for education, research, and enjoyment continues its tradition of outstanding public service. The Smithsonian Card Consumers who use the Smithsonian Card from NOVUS Services, Inc., are assisting Smithsonian programs in research, exhibitions, collections, and education. A percentage of each purchase made with the Smithsonian Card goes to the Institution. NOVUS Services also makes a donation each time a Smithsonian Card is issued or renewed. NOVUS Services is promoting the Smithsonian Card through a national marketing effort. In addition to showing their support for the Smithsonian, Card members earn points toward U.S. Series EE Savings Bonds when they make purchases with the Smithsonian Card. The relationship with NOVUS Services grew out of the Smithsonian’s partnership with Discover Card, a business unit of NOVUS Services and the first partner of the Isoth Anniversary Corporate Partner Program. Discovery Theater Turns 20 For young people from all over the Washington, D.C., area, a trip to Discovery Theater is a memorable treat. Over the years, Discovery Theater has presented original productions, contemporary and traditional live puppetry, theatrical performances, dance, storytelling, and musicals—all designed to entertain, educate, and enlighten young audiences. As one of its twentieth-anniversary-season productions, Discovery Theater commissioned a theatrical piece in collaboration with the Education Department of the National Museum of African Art, based on the life of King Asantehene Agyeman Prempeh I, ruler of the Asante nation from 1888 to 1896. Performances coincided with the exhibition of King Prempeh’s adinkra cloth at the museum. School groups attending Discovery Theater could schedule a docent-led tour of the exhibition to learn more about the significance of the ceremonial adinkra cloth and the depth of meaning symbolized in its rich iconography. This project was supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Educational Outreach Fund. Youngsters come to Discovery Theater with school and youth groups and on Saturday outings with their families. Ticket prices are kept low to give everyone a chance to attend. Presentations are geared to specific age groups, while themes reflect the interests of diverse audiences. A free learning guide for each production helps teachers prepare children for the experience. The productions are often interactive, opening avenues of self-reflection and offering enjoyable ways for parents and teachers to demonstrate life’s lessons. Vital Volunteers They are the Smithsonian’s most active ongoing partnership: the nearly 8,000 men and women who contributed their time this year to the Insticution’s mission of education and public service. Volunteers are a familiar presence as they invite a child to climb on the highwheeler in the Hands On History Room at the National Museum of American History, staff the Smithsonian's public inquiry telephone lines, or assist with Smithsonian Associate programs. More than 1,000 volunteers serve as docents; every museum, the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, and the Smithsonian Institution Building all have docent programs. The Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception Center (VIARC) manages two Institution-wide programs in which 2,068 participants contributed 275,989 hours this year. In VIARC’s Behind-the-Scenes Volunteer Program, volunteers support everyday activities in offices, conservation labs, libraries, and elsewhere. The Volunteer Information Specialist Program staffs information desks in most Smithsonian buildings. This year, 470 volunteers turned out to help the Festival of American Folklife run smoothly. On the “America’s Smithsonian” tour, more than 2,100 volunteers helped their communities enjoy treasures from Smithsonian collections. Through Friends of the National Zoo (FONZ), the Smithsonian Women’s Committee, and Young Benefactors, more than 1,600 volunteers helped generate financial support for the Institution. “Without question, volunteers are one of the Institution’s richest and most enduring assets,” says Secretary I. Michael Heyman. They will be “instrumental in securing the viability of the Smithsonian into the next century and beyond.” 3 Report of the Provost J. Dennis O’Connor Two vital processes of discovery converge at the Smithsonian: research and education. To “diffuse” knowledge we must first “Increase” it, so the research conducted by our scholars and SCieNUStS is a Necessary precursor to the educational experiences our visitors enjoy. As Provost, I hold an enviable position at the point of convergence, working with the Institution's great museums and research centers as they help the process of discovery to flourish. And flourish it does. In the Smithsonian's museums, we celebrate and inspire discovery, largely through exhibitions and public programs. Some exhibitions are structured attempts to convey information or meaning through the use of objects, whether historical, scientific, or artistic. Occasionally, we present an impressive object (a work of art, a skeletal structure, a historical artifact), give visitors information about it, and invite them to take from it what they wish. We hope that their experience extends their personal horizons and stimulates them to explore different ways of thinking, questioning, seeing, and understanding. This year’s diverse exhibitions blurred the line berween education and research, from the extraordinarily effective new Janet Annenberg Hooker Hall of Geology, Gems, and Minerals at the National Museum of Natural History, to the National Postal Museum's fascinating story of invention and innovation, “Undercover: The Evolution of the American Envelope.” A varied and vibrant selection of exhibitions from the Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture appeared throughout the year in the Arts and Industries Building. One of them was jazz bassist Milt Hinton’s photographs of “Life on the Road” with Dizzy Gillespie, Hank Jones, Cab Calloway, and other renowned musicians. At the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, “King of the World: A Mughal Manuscript from the Royal Library, 14 Windsor Castle” presented both beautiful works of art and the intriguing story of life in seventeenth-century India under the reign of the builder of the Taj Mahal. The scientists and scholars who work in the Smithsonian's research organizations engage in discovery of another variety. We can point with great pride to the newly released book on the rise and closure of the Panamanian Isthmus during the last 10 million years, a cooperative effort of the Panama Paleontology Project led by Anthony Coates and his colleagues at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. This already classic work explains the formation of species throughout North and South America better than any other study. Two other compelling discoveries show the level at which Smithsonian scientists lead the expansion of knowledge. Researchers from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and their colleagues announced new findings that strengthen the case for black holes. Using satellite measurements of x-ray binary stars, they verified che existence of the “event horizon,” the one-way membrane that traps matter and energy inside a black hole. At the National Museum of Natural History, there was new proof that a catastrophic asteroid impact caused the extinction of dinosaurs and other organisms 65 million years ago. A deep-sea core went on display that contains material from the asteroid along with evidence of the extinction of a major group of marine microscopic organisms. Discovery has also flourished in our educational programs this year, including the Smithsonian Office of Education's Museum Magnet Schools, its Smithsonian Education website, and the Smithsonian Early Enrichment Center’s innovative early childhood curriculum. One of our priorities in the last year has been to take discovery beyond the Mall in a way that we have not done before—by extending electronic outreach, for instance. Some Smithsonian exhibitions have companion sites on the World Wide Web, and there are virtual exhibitions as well. Some say this experience in cyberspace is a far cry from standing next to the original, and they are absolutely right. On the other hand, not all of our 260 million citizens can come to Washington to experience objects firsthand. Looking ahead, we see the prospect for dramatic changes in our educational potential as we digitize several million images from Smithsonian collections for online access. The Smithsonian also took steps to more firmly engage the public with the Institution when the Board of Regents created the Smithsonian Center for Latino Initiatives under the Office of the Provost. When it opens in1998, the new center will promote interna links, as well as connections between the Smithsonian and Latino communities. These reports from the Smithsonian's 16 museums, its research institutes, and its offices illustrate the convergence of research and education. They share the thread of discovery, whether in a tropical forest canopy, at the far reaches of the solar system, in a classroom, or in an exhibition gallery. For scholars and the public alike, the Smithsonian is indeed a place for wondering, questioning, and learning. I5 Report of the Board of Regents The work of the Board of Regents’ Committees throughout the year substantially strengthened the three plenary meetings in February, May, and September 1997. The Board welcomed its newest congressional member, Representative Esteban E. Torres (D-Calif.), whose appointment by the Speaker of the House on February 25, 1997, filled a long-standing vacancy on the Board and brought the membership to is full statutory capacity. The Board named Regent Frank A. Shrontz to its investment policy committee and elected Regent Wesley S. Williams, Jr., to the Executive Committee. The Regents’ Committee of the Whole, established last year, effectively enhanced the Board’s oversight of the Institution. The Committee’s meetings attracted the participation of many Regents on the Sunday afternoons preceding regular Monday board meetings. Members discussed in depth such topics as the status of development and campaign; the Smithsonian’s Strategic Plan (known also as the Response to the Government Performance Results Act); and space needs associated with the planned renovation of the Patent Office building and the enhancement of the operations of the National Portrait Gallery, National Museum of American Art, and Archives of American Art. In addition, the Committee of the Whole discussed the operations and plans of the National Museum of Natural History and the Freer and Sackler Galleries with their respective directors and advisory board representatives. The Audit and Review Committee exercised its primary responsibility for oversight of the Instirution’s financial operations. This committee is the Regents’ principal contact with the Institution’s external auditors and receives the yearly report on its fiscal transactions. The committee also receives the Smithsonian inspector general’s findings and frequently reviews particular functions and operations that have come to 16 its attention. In the past year, such reviews included new accounting standards, insurance and risk funding, and tax issues related to the Instirution’s business activities. The Investment Policy Committee continued to monitor and meet with each of the current investment managers of the Institution's endowment. The committee terminated one investment management firm based on its relatively weak performance, redistributing its funds and some funds from another balanced management firm to other specialized investment managers. In other actions, the committee's rules of operation, proxy voting guidelines, and standards of conduct and disclosure were adopted; a $21 per-unit payout race for fiscal year 1998 was approved; and the committee discussed the use of index funds and investments in alternative investment classes. Among its many actions throughout the year, the Board of Regents established the Smithsonian's charitable gift annuity program, approved an agreement with Novus Services, Inc., for a Smithsonian affinity credit card, and authorized tax-exempt financing for the construction of the Discovery Center in the National Museum of Natural History. In addition, the Regents approved the sale of the Barney Studio House for the benefit of the National Museum of American Art, reported to Congress that the National Campaign for the National Museum of the American Indian raised more than $37 million in fulfillment of its statutory requirement for construction of the Mall museum, worked with the Secretary to ensure that the continuing tour of “America’s Smithsonian” would incur no additional deficit, and established the Smithsonian Center for Latino Initiatives. Particularly notable among the Regents’ discussions were the Smithsonian policy on cosponsored special events, the implications of early institutional affiliations, the principles of a corporate sponsorship policy, and the challenges of certain exhibitions in contemporary art and American history. The Regents named the Visitors’ Center at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for STRI’s first director, the late Dr. Martin H. Moynihan; named an exhibition gallery in the National Postal Museum for Guido Craveri, president of Harmers Auction SA, a leading stamp dealer, and Tito Giamporcaro, a prominent philatelist; and named Cooper- Hewitt, National Design Museum’s Center for the Study of Jewelry and Precious Metals for Joseph A. DiPalma and his sister Flora DiPalma Hoffman. As the year ended, the Regents considered a significant potential gift to the National Museum of Natural History. The Regents were pleased to award Joseph Henry Medals to Dr. Frederick G. Seitz, president emeritus of Rockefeller University and chair of the Joint Advisory Committee of Sponsoring Institutions of the Joseph Henry Papers Project, and Dr. Tomas Ybarra-Frausto, chairperson of the Smithsonian Council and the Latino Oversight Committee. Dr. Seitz and Dr. Ybarra-Frausto were honored for their significant contributions toward the Smithsonian's mandate for the increase and diffusion of knowledge. With the assistance of their Committee on Policy, Programs, and Planning, the Regents established the National Advisory Board of the National Zoological Park, the National Advisory Board of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, the Development Board of the Smithsonian Institution Libraries, and the Council of Philatelists of the National Postal Museum. The Regents expressed great appreciation to these and the many other advisory boards that assist in the oversight of the Smithsonian's museums, research institutes, and major programs. The Board of Regents appointed the following individuals to the Institution’s advisory boards: Max N. Berry, Henry E. Catto, Peter R. Coneway, Thomas Edward Congdon, Archie W. Dunham, Richard Hunt, Robert L. James, Nan Tucker McEvoy, Thomas D. Mullins, Heinz C. Prechter, Carol Ann Swanson Price, David M. Silfen, Kenneth L. Smith, Frank A. Weil, Anthony Welters, and Daniel W. Yohannes to the Smithsonian National Board; Alison Bernstein, H. P. Claussen, Dollie Ann Cole, Neil Harris, Irene Hirano, Thomas W. Langfitt, Seymour L. Schwartz, and Marvin D. Williams to the National Musetory Board of Trustees; Joseph M. Goldenberg, Joseph E. Harris, Robert Farris Thompson, and Walter E. Washington to the Commission of the National Museum of African Art; Kay Allaire, Harvey Krueger, Elaine La Roche, Barbara A. Mandel, Richard Smith, and Edward A. Weinstein to the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum Board of Trustees; Cynthia Helms, Marie Lam, and Robert Tang to the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Visiting Committee; David L. Dilcher, Edward O. Gaylord, Colin Patterson, and Marshall Turner to the National Museum of Natural History Advisory Board; Duane Champagne, George L. Cornell, Billy L. Cypress, Charles Diker, Dwight Gourneau, Joann Sebastian Morris, and Ted Stevens to the Board of Trustees of the National Museum of the American Indian; Joan Adams Mondale and Roger Harrison Mudd to the Commission of the National Portrait Gallery; Sylvia Ripley Addison, David Challinor, Jeannine Smith Clark, Katharine C. Crittenberger, Leonard C. Jaques, Barbara J. Smith, and Kevin Starr to the Development Board of the Smithsonian Institution Libraries; and Tomas Bjaringer, George Brett, Chan Chin Cheung, Guido Craveri, Enzo Diena, Tito Giamporcaro, Surajita Gongvatana, Erivan Haub, Tim Hirsch, John Hotchner, Norman Hubbard, Azeezaly Jaffer, Alvin and Marge Kantor, Frank Mandel, Arthur Morowitz, Hassan Shaida, David Sundman, Donald Sundman, and Steven C. Walske to rhe Council of Philatelists of the National Postal Museum. Staff Changes On October 4, 1996, the Smithsonian community paid tribute to Mary Livingston Ripley, the late wife of Secretary Emeritus S. Dillon Ripley. Mrs. Ripley was remembered for her many contributions to the Smithsonian during her husband's tenure, including the establishment of the Smithsonian Women’s Committee, the enhancement of Smithsonian gardens and orchid collections, and her avid work as a photographer, entomologist, and collaborator in Mr. Ripley’s ornithological fieldwork. The Smithsonian's senior management was bolstered this year with the arrival of Robert V. Hanle, formerly at the University of Minnesota Foundation, in the new position of executive director for development. Appointed from within che Smithsonian ranks were Roslyn A. Walker as director of the National Museum of African Art; Nancy E. Gwinn as director of Smithsonian Institution Libraries, succeeding Barbara Smith, who retired this year; and James B. Conklin, replacing Archur Lee Denny as senior information officer. Several highly accomplished members of the senior staff have left for other vineyards. Assistant Secretary for Institutional Advancement Alice Green Burnette left to pursue other opportunities on a part-time basis. Marie A. Mattson, director of the Office of Membership and Development, moved to a similar position at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts after receiving the Secretary’s Gold Medal for Exceptional Service. David L. Correll left his position as director of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center to become senior scientist. As the year ended, Patrick J. Miller resigned as director of the Office of Physical Plant to accept a comparable post at Harvard Medical School. It is always difficult to lose senior personnel who have contributed so unstintingly to the advancement of Smithsonian interests. The compliment that other organizations pay in this respect is bitrersweet. But, by the same token, the Institution has both acquired and nurtured from within a staff highly regarded for its talent and dedication. The vitality of the Smithsonian staff is central to its success, and the continued strength of the Institution in this sense has never seemed more assured. 17 Chronology October m Exhibition the Anacostia Museum Collection” highlighted the “Down Through the Years: Stories From uniqueness and the treasures of the Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture. October @ Exhibition exhibition at the Anacostia Museum and Center for “Footsteps from North Brentwood,” an African American History and Culture, documented the growth and development of the first municipality in Prince George’s County, Maryland, to be incorporated by African American citizens. October @ Research An entirely new kind of solar system object— an icy miniplanet—was discovered and described by a team of scientists, included an SAO astronomer, who determined that it and others of its ilk might pass through the vast, dark “no man’s land” between the Kuiper Belt of frozen planetesimals beyond Pluto’s orbit and the Oort Cloud of comets that is believed to form a halo around the entire solar system. October = Licensing agreement A licensing agreement was made with Synthonics Technologies, Inc., for the development and production of a CD-ROM containing images in 3D 18 of Smithsonian artifacts and using the Synthonics software process “Rapid Virtual Reality” for rotation and examination of the object images. October @ Exhibition Office of Physical Plant, Architectural History, and Historic Preservation conducted a research project related to the Langley Memorial Plaque which resulted in a small exhibition mounted in the Castle. A brochure to accompany this exhibition was produced and continues to be distributed. October 3 The Hewlett-Packard Company donated a state-of-the-art ultrasound imaging m Hewlett-Packard Donation system to the Department of Animal Health. Zoo veterinarians will use the system to help diagnose disease in the Zoo’s animal collection. The Sonos 1000 system—valued at $120,000—had been previously loaned by HP to the Zoo for use during the cardio- vascular examination conducted by Zoo veterinarians in June. Those exams revealed the existence of heart dis- ease among several of the Zoo's great apes. October 7-18 = Workshop The Center for Museum Studies col- laborated with the Fundacion Antorchas and the Univer- sidad de Buenos Aires in offered a series of workshops on preventive conservation and exhibition design. The workshops, held at the university's Museo Etnografico Juan B. Ambrosetti, provided training to museum staff in Argentina, Chile, and Brazil. Another program was offered in May 1997. October 8 ® Benefit The Archives of American Art honored artist Chuck Close at a gala black-tie dinner. An exhibition featured the artist and comprising papers, photographs, letters, and other documents in the Archives’ collections opened the same evening in the New York Regional Center Gallery Space. October 9 @ Public Program “Oye Como Va: The Smithsonian Honors Tito Puente,” the National Museum of American History’s tribute to renowned Latin musician Tito Puente included a donation of Puente’s “timbales” to the National Museum, an oral history interview, a discussion about the New York music scene and the Puerto Rican community, and a musical tribute by La- Jazz. Puente was presented with the museum’s Lifetime Achievement Award. October II ™ Concert The Smithsonian Associates and the Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies celebrated the Folkways legacy at Baird Auditorium. Pete Seeger, Ella Jenkins, Bernice Johnson Reagon, and Anthony Seeger received the Smithson Medal on behalf of Folkways artists past, present, and future. Smithsonian General Counsel John Huerta awarded the medal. October It @ Special Event The Smithsonian Associates awarded the James Smithson Bicentennial Medal to singer/ songwriter Pete Seeger for his outstanding career in music. October 16-November 14 @ Public Program America’s Smithsonian, the traveling exhibition celebrating the Institution’s 150th Anniver- sary, visited St. Paul, Minnesota. The Office of Member- ship and Development organized a Premiere Gala for local supporters that was held October 15. The exhibi- tion also traveled to Houston, Texas, December 6— January 28. A Premiere Gala for local supporters was held December 5. April 3—May 6, the exhibition visited Portland, Oregon. A Premiere Gala was held April 2. Birmingham, Alabama received the show May 29-July 12. A Premiere Gala was held May 28. The show returned to the West Coast in the summer, visiting San Jose, California, July 31-August 26. A Premiere Gala was held July 30. October 17-19 ™ Meeting The Office of Membership and Develop- ment welcomed the Smithsonian National Board to Washington, D.C., for the board’s 25th annual meeting. The board also held its spring meeting April 3~5. June 1~8 the Board took a study cour to Alaska, featuring a visit to the Anchorage Museum of History and Art, cohost of the Smithsonian Arctic Studies Program based at the National Museum of Natural History. October 17 @ Meetzng The Smithsonian Accessibility Program released its publication “Smithsonian Guidelines for Ac- cessible Exhibition Design” to staff at a meeting of the Smithsonian Liaison Council. October 18-19 B Special Event The Office of Membership and Development welcomed the James Smithson Society to Washington. The Society, the highest circle of Con- tributing Membership, met for its 20th annual gather- ing and gave its Founder Medal to Agnes Cowles Bourne for her generous support of the Cooper-Hewitt's renovation. The Society's annual meeting was per- manently moved to the spring in FY97, and the group also met May 9-10. The Society gave two Founder Medals recognizing extraordinary members. Mr. and Mrs. Philip D. Reed, Jr., accepted the medal on behalf of the Philip D. Reed Foundation. The Reeds have sup- ported the work of SERC, NOAHS and the CRC. Mary Marvin Breckinridge Patterson accepted the medal recognizing her lifetime support for the Smithsonian and many SI units. October 19 & Special Event The Office of Membership and Development organized the Smithsonian Benefactors Circle Dinner to recognize and honor those individuals whose gifts, over their lifetimes, have preserved the traditions of the Smithsonian and furthered its vision. At the SBC October 1996 dinner, William Gordon Bowen received the Joseph Henry Medal in recognition of his distinguished achievements as a Smithsonian Regent and his support as President of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Jerome and Dororthy Lemelson received the SBC’s Annual Award for their generous sup- port and their establishment of the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innova- tion at the National Museum of American History. The award was accepted by their son, Eric Lemelson. October 19 @ Exhibition and Publication The SITES exhibition “Seeing Jazz” premiered at the International Gallery. The book, also entitled Seeing Jazz, published for the premiere, complemented and expanded on the themes of the exhibition, including more artworks and literary 19 selections. As part of its national tour, select works from the exhibition were shown at The Jazz Gallery in New York City on February 22, 1998. The New York City Host Committee brought the exhibition there as part of city-planned events for the Grammy Awards. Support for the exhibition was provided by America’s Jazz Heritage, A Partnership of the Leila-Wallace-Reader's Digest Fund and the Smithsonian Institution. October 25—~July 6 @ Exhibition “Red, Hot & Blue! A Salute to American Musicals” was on view at the National Portrait Gallery. NPG and the National Museum of American History jointly organized this major exhibition that consisted of ap- proximately four hundred photographs, caricatures, set designs, costumes, other memorabilia, and audio and video clips that traced the musical from its immigrant roots in nineteenth-century vaudeville, through its glittering rise on Broadway, and through Hollywood's gleaming sound stages, to its heyday in the 1940s and 1950s, ending with the modern musical. Sponsored by Discover® Card. October 30—February 23 @ Exhibition “Memory: Luba Art and the Making of History,” organized by the Museum for African Art in New York City. October 30 m Meeting The Smithsonian Accessibility Program con- vened the first joint meeting of the Advisory Council on Accessibility and the Smithsonian Accessibility Liaison Council. The topic of discussion was unit submissions of Five-Year Accessibility Improvement Plans and finding ways to integrate access and all facets of the Institution’s operation. , November ® Commemoration A number of exhibits opened around the museum commemorating the 5oth anniversary of the USS. Air Force, including a Korean War era F-86 Sabre jet fighter, a collection of models of Air Force aircraft, and various works of art from the Air Force collection. November @ Milestone The National Postal Museum received its first endowment pledge, a $500,000 gift from Guido 20 Craveri and Tito Giamporcaro as part of the Museum’s Fund for the Future campaign. November B Agreement The agreement with Mrs. Hanako Matano to serve as the Smithsonian's special representative to Japan was renegotiated and renewed. November m Special Event Minority Affairs orchestrated the third annual The Office of Equal Employment and Secretary's Award Program for Excellence in Equal Opportunity in collaboration with the Secretary’s Office and the SI Equal Opportunity Advisory Council. Several outstanding managers and employees were recognized for exceptional contributions to the Smithsonian’s Equal Opportunity goals and honored before their peers and hundreds of Smithsonian employees. November 1 = Exhibition tions at the Anacostia Museum and Center for African “Points of Entry,” a series of three exhibi- American History and Culture documented the immi- grant experience. November 6 m Exhibition The National Postal Museum opened the What's in the Mail for You! exhibition dramatizing the impact of the direct mail industry on American society. November 6 m Presentation The Smithsonian Accessibility Program staff hosted 22 members of the National Recreation Association of Japan for a discussion of accessibility at the Smithsonian for visitors with disabilities. November 12 § Workshop “Second Annual Black History Month Planning Workshop” with Washington-area federal and school agencies was held at the Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture to develop skills in planning and implementing local Black History Month programs. November 13 = Special Event The Smithsonian Associates awarded the James Smithson Bicentennial Medal to musician and inventor Les Paul for his singular achievements. December @ Acqursitions The National Air and Space Museum ac- quired two suits used by American astronauts on MIR: the spacesuit worn by Norm Thagard, and one designed to imitate the effects of gravity on the muscles and bones of cosmonauts during long spaceflights used by Shannon Lucid during her six-month stay on MIR. The museum also acquired a set of Smithsonian 150th anni- versary commemorative coins flown on the Space Shuttle (STS-79) in 1996. These were the first U.S. commemorative coins to be flown in space, and were presented to the directors of both NASM and the NMAH ina ceremony at NASM in December 1996. December = Test Move The historic relocation of the National Museum of the American Indian collection from the museum’s Research Branch in the Bronx to the Cultural Resources Center in Suitland, Maryland, began witha pilot move project in December. The pilot move project relocated of 17,000 objects to a holding place near Suit- land, tested strategies for the five-year move project, and cleared a staging area in the cramped and anti- quated Bronx facility. December = Latino Outreach The Office of Public Affairs ran the first of three advertising campaigns for the year in local Latino newspapers. OPA staff wrote the text in Spanish and placed the advertisements in two newspapers. The campaigns were geared toward the winter holiday, the Folklife Festival and Hispanic Heritage Month. December § Contract A master contract was entered into with the Sloan auction house to allow for deaccessioned art objects to be placed up for auction without having to renegotiate a full agreement each time. Individual museum's objects are consigned through amendments to the basic agreement, saving resources and providing a consistent framework for such activities. December B Agreement An agreement with Simon and Schuster to develop a CD-Rom product based on the “Earth 2U” geography traveling exhibition. Nissan, a co-sponsor of the exhibit, has a separate contract with Simon and Schuster related to the Smithsonian agreement. December @ Publication The Office of Equal Employment and Minority Affairs published and distributed the four- teenth Smithsonian Institution Equal Opportunity Report in response to a 1989 request from the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations. This report described the composition of the work force in terms of gender, racial/ethnic identity, grade, and occupational categories. It also contains a summary of the Institu- tion's efforts to ensure that programs reflect the nation’s diversity and pluralism. It covered the period Septem- ber 1996 to September 1997. December B Awards Smithsonian magazine received Community Action Network’s roth Annual Media and Corporate Awards: Exceptional Merit award for “A Freedom Sum- mer Activist Becomes A Math Revolutionary” by Bruce Watson (February 1996), and Certificates of Merit for “Making up for Lost Time: The Rewards of Reading at Last” by Richard Wolkomir (August 1996); and “Ranchers for a ‘Radical Center’ to Protect Wide-open Spaces” by Jake Page (June 1997). The Acoustical Society of America’s Science Writing Award in Acoustics for Journalists was awarded for “Decibel by Decibel, Reducing the Din toa Very Dull Roar” by Richard Wolkomir (February 1996). The Walter Sullivan Award for Excellence in Science Journalism from the American Geophysical Union was awarded for “Geologists Worry about Dangers of Living ‘Under the Volcano” by Jon Krakauer (July 1996). December 3 ® Training Seminar The Smithsonian Accessibility Pro- gram conducted a “Two-Cents Seminar on Accessible Programs” to staff and people with disabilities from its Advisory Council. Four panelists spoke on issues of pro- gram access for different disabilities. The presentation was one of four training sessions focusing on guidelines prepared by the Accessibility Program to improve ac- cess to museums for visitors with disabilities. December 5 @ Special Event The Smithsonian Associates awarded the James Smithson Bicentennial Medal to Walter Cronkite for his outstanding career in journalism. December 9 @ International Authority File The Smithsonian Institu- tion Libraries became a participating member of NACO (Name Authority Cooperative Program), an internation- al project with 213 participating libraries in which cataloging department staff create original authority records for inclusion in the Name Authority File main- tained by the Library of Congress. December 10 @ Special Event the Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception Center’s The Annual Appreciation Reception for corps of Volunteer Information Specialists included remarks by the Under Secretary, Constance B. Newman. December 13 = Film Premiere ‘The Line King: The Al Hirschfeld Story,” a film by Susan W. Dryfoos, made its Washington premiere at the National Portrait Gallery. The film, distributed by Castle Rock, centered on the art and times of the famous caricaturist. December 16 @ Science Gallery Opens The Amazonia Science Gallery opened at the National Zoo. This new permanent exhibit on biodiversity is located in a wing of the Amazonia habitat. Visitors can learn about the work of Smithsonian scientists who are investigating the com- plexities and interrelationships of plants and animals and the effect of human activities on the environment. Included in the Science Gallery are displays about the diversity of life in the rainforest, a biodiversity study center in which visitors can examine a variety of small creatures and objects under microscopes, and laboratories where working scientists can be observed investigating animal behavior, genetics, and nutrition. December 18 @ Special Event for the Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception The Annual Appreciation Reception 22 Center's Castle Docents featured Clifford Nelson appear- ing in persona as 19th century paleontologist Fielding B. Meek who lived and died in the Castle. December 20-21 @ Public Program The Smithsonian Associates presented a weekend seminar on Shakespeare, which fea- tured the Washington premiere of Kenneth Branagh’s film version of Hamlet. In addition to introducing the film, the actor/director spoke on the art of adapting Shakespeare for film in a discussion with other direc- tors, scholars, producers, and commentators, including Shakespeare Theater artistic director Michael Kahn and commentator Robert MacNeil, with National Public Radio’s Susan Stamberg moderating. December 29 @ Family Program “Reflections and Renewal: A Com- munity Celebration,” a program of the Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture celebrated the principles of Kwanzaa through music, testimonials, performances, and storytelling. 1997 @ Repatriation The National Museum of the American Indian continued its commitment, under federal law and museum policy, to repatriate human remains and objects of religious and cultural patrimony to native groups throughout the hemisphere. 1997 ® Construction Construction of the museum’s Cultural Resources Center, which began in September 1996, con- tinues throughout the year. Clark Construction Group, Inc., served as the general contractor for the project. 1997 @ Anniversary Although collecting cultural objects has been part of the Smithsonian’s work since the institution’s founding in 1846, 1997 marked the tooth anniversary of the formal creation of the Department of Anthropology, now part of the National Museum of Natural History. Today, curators and other scientists conduct research in ethnology and linguistics, archaeol- ogy, and physical anthropology, and the department en- compasses initiatives in archaeobiology, human origins, Latin American archaeology, Asian cultural history, Arctic studies, and Paleoindian/Paleoecology studies, as well as the museum’s American Indian Program and Repatriation Office, the editorial staff of the Handbook of North American Indians, and the collections of the National Anthropologi- cal Archives and the Human Film Studies Archives. 1997 m Discussion Program The Senate of Scientists of the National Museum of Natural History presented an in- formal discussion series to introduce the public to the work of museum scientists and the research value of the Smithsonian's incomparable collections. These Spotlights on Research, held in museum exhibition galleries, focused on such subjects as diversity among fishes; the domestication of livestock and human history; the dif- ference between rocks, minerals, and gems; the early solar system; and the importance of seaweed in our lives. 1997 = Permanent Exhibition A collection of ceramics by contemporary Korean masters, donated by the National Museum of Korea, was added to the exhibits in the Na- tional Museum of Natural History's Hall of Asian Peoples. January—December @ Anniversary In 1997, the National Museum of African Art celebrated its roth year on the National Mall with a year’s worth of special events. The celebra- tion included the installation in the museum’s pavilion of kinetic sculptures by the contemporary Nigerian art- ist Sokari Douglas Camp; special exhibitions and public programs; and a Quadrangle-wide birthday party. January @ Research Based on satellite observations of x-ray bi- nary stars, SAO scientists and their colleagues were able to provide evidence supporting the existence of a pre- viously theoretical phenomenon known as an “event horizon,” the one-way membrane surrounding a black hole, and the boundary at which matter and energy, in- cluding light, begin to fall into this gravitational trap. January ™ Research The position on the sky of the center of the Milky Way galaxy, a point around which all stars, in- cluding the Sun, orbit and which is hidden from optical view by dust between the stars, has been determined by SAO radio astronomers and their colleagues to within 0.03 arcsecond, a measurement uncertainty equivalent to less than the width of a penny as seen from a distance of 65 kilometers. January @ Publication The graphic results of a 20-year survey of molecular clouds in the Milky Way conducted by two identical 1.2-meter radio telescopes, one on the roof of the observatory complex in Cambridge, MA, and the other on a mountaintop in Chile, was published by SAO as a large-scale color poster and made available to students, researchers, and amateur astronomers worldwide. January ® Grant Mrs. Jefferson Patterson contributed funds to the Smithsonian Institution Libraries to support for three years the position of curator of Natural History Rare Books in the Special Collections Department. Leslie K. Overstreet, who was appointed to the posi- tion, is involved with the development of the projected Natural History Rare Book Library now under construc- tion in the East Court of the National Museum of Natural History. January ® Corporate Membership The Smithsonian Institution Libraries brought in Leonard Jaques of the Jaques Ad- miralty Law Firm in Detroit as a Smithsonian Corporate member at the $25,000 level. Jaques Admiralty is the first member to be brought into the SCMP by a unit of the Institution. January @ Agreements Several agreements were negotiated with the Presidential Inaugural Committee for Inaugural activities at Smithsonian sites and for other services provided to the Inaugural Committee during the cele- bration of the second inauguration of President Clinton. January @ Special Event Ten Smithsonian scholars reached more than 7,000 people in nearly 100 presentations as part of The Smithsonian Associates’ Smithsonian Voices of Dis- 23 covery program in Houston, Texas. Topics ranged from the First Ladies to marine biology, Latino culture, and contemporary art. Houston public television station KUHT produced and aired a 30-minute documentary about the Smithsonian Voices of Discovery program, which was also made available to other Texas public television stations. The scholars also participated ina talk show on public television, numerous radio interviews, and distance learning opportunities with students. January 8 @ Film Premiere The Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies sponsored the premiere of the film Talk to Me: Americans in Conversation. produced and directed by film-maker Andrea Simon. The film won the NEH “National Conversation” competition in 1995 and was conceived as a means to engage broad public audiences and policy-makers in dialogue about the uses of culture for the exploration of group and national iden- tity, the bridging of social conflicts, and the develop- ment of state and civic institutions. January 8 @ Publication The National Science Resources Center published Science for All Children: A Guide to Improving Elementary Science Education in Your School District. The book presents the NSRC’s model for systemic science education reform. January 13-24 @ Course Incollaboration with Panama's Natural Resources Institute and the Fundacién NATURA, the Tropical Research Institute sponsored a training course on environmental monitoring techniques for partici- pants from Panama and other Central American countries, conducted as part of SI’s Man and the Bio- sphere Program. January I5 @ Appointment Roslyn A. Walker, a longtime senior curator at the National Museum of African Art and a specialist in Yoruba art, was named director of the museum. Dr. Walker plans to take the museum in excit- ing new directions as it enters its second decade on the National Mall by expanding the ways the museum com- municates with its many audiences through new media; by ensuring the facilities, exhibitions, and programs are 24 accessible to all visitors; by presenting the finest ex- amples of traditional African art, as well as the work of modern African artists; and by reaching beyond the walls of the museum and beyond the nation’s capital by sponsoring traveling exhibitions and tapping into electronic media. January 16 ®@ Grant Awarded The Brown Foundation, Inc., Houston, Texas, made a $500,000 matching challenge grant to the Archives of American Art to establish the William E. Woolfenden Endowment fund in honor of the Archives’ first director. The gift, the largest single grant ever awarded to AAA in its forty-three-year history, will support the publication of the Archives’ Journal, a quarterly publication. January 20 @ Special Event The National Postal Museum hosted a Presidential Inaugural Ball attended by Vice President Gore. January 20 The Office of Public Affairs coordinated with the Inaugural Committee to ® Inaugural Exhibits and Activities publicize museum exhibits and activities during the Presidential Inaugural weekend. January 26 = Radio Advertising Campaign The first radio advertise- ment ran in the Office of Public Affairs’ Black History Month campaign, one of three radio advertising cam- paigns this year aimed at local African American audien- ces, ages 25 to 45. OPA prepared the ad copy, and three local radio stations—WMMJ, WHUR, and WTOP— produced the advertisements. The other two campaigns were geared to the Folklife Festival and encouraging late summer visitors to come to the Smithsonian “now that the crowds are gone.” January 29-March 23 = Exhibition The popular exhibition “A King and His Cloth: Asantehene Agyeman Prempeh I” focused on a magnificent adinkra cloth from the National Museum of African Art's important collection of textiles. The exhibition included a multimedia presentation that invited visitors to explore the history and symbols of the cloth, as well as an original play, cosponsored by The Smithsonian Associates, which brought both King Prempeh and the cloth to life. January 30-March 25 m Exhibition The Archives of American Art presented the exhibit “A Shared Experience: One Hundred Years of Art at the MacDowell Colony” in the Gallery Space of the New York Regional Center. This project was generously funded by a grant from the Ruth Bowman Philanthropic Fund of the Jewish Communal Fund. The show, compris- ing papers and photographs pertaining to the establish- ment of the MacDowell Art Colony and the artists, writers, and composers who worked there, was organized by The Currier Gallery of Art, Manchester, New Hampshire. January 30 ® Dedication opened its new Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Ar- The Tropical Research Institute officially chaeology after extensively renovating the 1919 building that originally housed all of STRI. January 31-September 14 @ Exhibition Americans in the Harmon Foundation Collection” was “Breaking Racial Barriers: African on view at the National Portrait Gallery. In 1944, the Harmon Foundation mounted an exhibition of portraits of distinguished African Americans, which was in- tended to combat racial inequity. Titled “Portraits of Outstanding Americans of Negro Origin,” the exhibi- tion was expanded for a tour of the United States that ended in 1954. NPG selected twenty-one portraits— most from its collection—that were included in that tour, along with pamphlets and other memorabilia. January 31-September 14 @ Exhibition National Portrait Gallery. In 1929, Josephine Baker’s friend and advocate, the French poster artist Paul Colin, “Le Tumulte Noir” was on view at the captured Baker's explosive performing presence ina portfolio of forty-four lithographs titled “Le Tumulte Noir” (“The Black Rage”). More than any other work of art, Colin’s vivid portfolio conveyed the extraordinary impact of Baker’s talent, and the passionate and profound reaction to black culture in Paris during the 1920s. February @ Public Program “Iron Lion Zion: Bob Marley Birthday Tribute” was sponsored by the Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture to commemorate the life and music of this master of reggae. February @ Fund-Raising Anew Corporate Membership pro- gram was launched at the George Gustav Heye Center. Goldman, Sachs & Co., an international investment and brokerage firm was one of the first corporations to join the program, which is aimed at raising endowment funds for the New York museum. February @ Exhibition Building on the success of the small- exhibition format (which the Office of Exhibits Central designed in 1995 in collaboration with SITES and the State Humanities Council), OEC produced four copies of the SITES exhibition Barn Again! The new formar, which includes a scaled barn model, lets underserved communities enjoy an affordable exhibition about barn- building in the United States. Another small-format ex- ample that OEC designed and produced was Vanishing Amphibians, a collaborative effort with SITES and the National Museum of Natural History that combines a scientific overview of the world’s frog population with an appeal for conservation. February @ Agreement An agreement was made with Blue Note Records to write liner notes for Blue Note’s 4 CD release called “Hot Jazz on Blue Note.” February @ Agreement An agreement was made with NOVUS Services, Inc., concerning the establishment of a NOVUS affinity card program using the Smithsonian name and images. February B Agreement An agreement was made with Visible Interactive for an Audio Tour of the National Air and Space Museum’s “Star Wars” exhibit. The Visible Inter- active tour equipment, now in use at a few of the Smithsonian’s museums and at the America’s Smith- sonian Exhibition sites, provides selectable audio and video text tour information about objects in the collec- tion. This popular visitor aid is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act. February-March B Exhibition vices Division produced a Bulb Show in the Arts & In- Office of Physical Plant, Horticulture Ser- dustries Building. February 5-8 = Public Program and Symposium In collaboration with numerous Smithsonian offices, the National Museum of American History organized “La Francophonie Noire: The Roots and Evolution of the Franco-Creole Diaspora in the Americas,” a three-day conference and public pro- gram series to help the public understand the historic roots of the African American experience through the prism of the black, French-speaking world. Events in- cluded a film festival, music and performances, lectures, demonstrations, and a “cultural marketplace.” February 7-10 @ Benefit The Detroit Chapter of the Archives of American Art incorporated its legendary annual black- tie gala, Lundi Gras XX XVII, into “A Splash of Sun- shine,” a weekend of art-related activities in Palm Beach, Florida. Traditionally held on the Monday preceding Mardi Gras, this was the first time that Lundi Gras was held outside of the metropolitan Detroit area. The event contributed nearly $74,000 to support Archives’ operations. February 7-May 7 @ Exhibition The Tropical Research Institute's exhibi- tion “Our Reefs: Caribbean Connections” opened at the Miami International Airport, a gateway for visitors to the Caribbean. February I0 @ Smithsonian Card The launch of the Smithsonian Card was announced by Novus Services, Inc. and Smith- sonian Secretary I. Michael Heyman. When consumers 26 use these credit cards, a percentage of each purchase is donated to the Institution. February 13 B Members and Visitors For the first time, museum members were invited to visit places in the George Gustav Heye Center that are rarely seen—the photo lab, exhibition workroom, resource center stacks, and others. One week after the event, the National Museum of the American Indian welcomed its millionth visitor. February 18-28 @ Children’s Theater Production Associates’ Discovery Theater presented an original new The Smithsonian production, King Prempeh, based on the life of the remark- able 19th-century king of the Asante nation (now called Ghana). The play, presented in celebration of Black His- tory Month, marked the first time Discovery Theater col- laborated directly with a Smithsonian museum—the National Museum of African Art in this case—to create a production that highlighted an exhibition. February 28 w Endowment The Joseph F. Cullman 3rd Endowment for the Preservation of Natural History Rare Books was established at the Smithsonian Institution Libraries. The $100,000 Endowment will support rare book preservation as part of the Libraries’ campaign to endow the new Natural History Rare Book Library, now under construction in the National Museum of Natural His- tory East Court. February 28 @ Special Announcement The Smithsonian announced its first agreement under the Affiliates Program, which per- mits museums and nonprofit organizations to borrow collections from the Institution on a long-term basis and to use the phrase “in association with the Smith- sonian Institution.” Spring = Exron Donation The Enron Corporation donated $32,400 to the National Zoo’s Conservation and Re- search Center in Front Royal, Virginia, to support Asian elephant research. The Malaysian Elephant Satellite Tracking Project, run in cooperation with at the Malaysian Wildlife Department, will use the funding to follow wild elephants after they are relocated. In return, the Tracking Project staff will help identify an or- phaned elephant calf that Enron will be able to bring back to the United States for the Washington Park Zoo in Portland, Oregon. Spring = Research The unique cylindrical mirrors designed by an SAO scientist to form the heart of the Advanced X- ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF), a space observatory scheduled for launch in late 1998, were successfully tested by NASA and found to exceed all premanufac- ture specifications. In space, the mirrors should have a resolving power IO times greater than those in any pre- vious x-ray telescope. Spring-Summer = Ixternships A visiting professional librarian from Romania, a library student form Germany, a graduate student from University of Maryland, and a graduate of the University of Oklahoma, received professional train- ing in cataloging, Natural History branch collections, preservation of special collections, and assisted with preservation of fragile library materials in the Anthropology Branch. March m Exhibition Newborn Ancestors: The Art and Articles of Plains Indian Children, an exhibition created by NMAI deputy assistant director for cultural resources George Horse Capture (Gros Ventre), opened at the San Francis- co airport. The collaboration between the NMAI and the San Francisco Airport Authority demonstrates the museum's desire to bring Native culture to a broad range of individuals. March = Exhibition Agayuliyararput: Our Way of Making Prayer—The Living Tradition of Yup'tk Masks opened at the NMAI’s George Gustav Heye Center in New York. Planned by Alaskan Native peoples in collaboration with the Anchorage Museum of History and Arr, the creation of this exhibition offered Yup’ik people the first opportunity to exhibit their masks in the context of the dances, the stories, and the complex cosmology of the people who created them. March B Exhibition An Office of Exhibits Central editor and designer began collaboration with the International Gal- lery (IG), the Cooper-Hewitt, and an outside curator and exhibit designer to produce The Jewels of Lalique, based on an exhibition that opened in Paris. The adapted exhibition, which opens in New York in February 1998 and will be on view later at IG, presents more than 200 rare pieces of art nouveau jewelry by René Lalique, a prominent French artist best known for his art deco glass designs. March @ Documentary A production agreement was made with Marge Ostroushko for a two hour Radio Smithson- ian documentary on the Lemelson Center's “Electrified, Amplified, and Deified” symposium. March B Agreement An agreement was made with Razorfish, Inc., to create a demonstration version of the “Smithson- ian Without Walls” internet exhibit. March @ Agreement A preliminary agreement was reached with Voyager Expanded Learning, Inc., on behalf of the National Museum of Natural History, providing for ccl- laboration on “Joint Learning Projects” to provide educational programs and curriculum for elementary age children’s after school programs. March 1 8 Reorganization The Office of Sponsored Projects (OSP) was moved organizationally to report to the Pro- vost rather than to the Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Office retained responsibility for OSP insti- tutional level financial activities such as overhead and contract cash flow. March 3-28 @ International Assistance Nancy Fuller, Research Man- ager at the Center for Museum Studies, spent a month in Zimbabwe consulting with museum staff and teaching two museum studies workshops designed to increase museum-community partnerships. The SI’s International 27 Speakers Tour sponsors the program, in collaboration with the U.S. Information Agency. March 4-7 @ Presentation In Querétaro, Mexico, National Science Resources Center Executive Director Douglas Lapp and Deputy Director Sally Goetz Shuler participated ina conference on elementary school science that was attend- ed by government officials, university scientists, and teachers. They discussed science education reform and presented a workshop on inquiry-centered science teach- ing. They also visited schools where adaptations of science units from the NSRC’s Science and Technology for Children curriculum are being piloted. March 5 @ Public Lecture A “Star Wars” lecture was the Smithsonian Institution Libraries’ contribution to the Washington Collegium for the Humanities lecture series on “Belonging and Acceptance in History, Culture and Art.” In “Star Wars: Belonging and Ac- ceptance of the Hero,” Mary Henderson, curator of NASM's exhibition, Star Wars: The Magic of Myth, examined themes of classical and ancient mythology recreated by George Lucas in his film trilogy before an audience of 260 people. The lecture was co-sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution Libraries and the National Air and Space Museum. The Smithsonian Institution Libraries is one of the nine members of the Washington Collegium for the Humanities. March 5 @ Training Seminar The Smithsonian Accessibility Pro- gram conducted a “Two-Cents Seminar on Accessible Exhibition Design” for staff and people with disabilities from its Advisory Council. Participants, including two experts from Canadian and Boston cultural organiza- uns, shared problems and solutions in applying acces- sible design guidelines to their exhibitions. The presentation was one of four training sessions focusing on guidelines prepared by the Accessibility Program to improve access to museums for visitors with disabilities. March 10-13 = Meeting The Tropical Research Institute and the United Nations Environmental Programme hosted the Tropical Forest Canopy Symposium that brought 28 together scientists interested in using the construction crane as an ecological tool to study the forest canopy. March 10 @ Publication A Quick Guide was produced by the Visitor Information Seeing the Smithsonian in Washington, DC— and Associates’ Reception Center for distribution at all information desks. March 14 w Exhibit from the National Museum of American History's col- Photographs by Barbara Beirne and objects lections were brought together in a display of environ- mental portraits made in the Appalachian region in the 1990s. The exhibit, “Women of Southern Appalachia: Serving Home and Community,” detailed the difficult lives and economic hardships of women as they struggle to support and care for their families. March 16-22 m Meeting The Meeting of the 8th International Council of Zooarchaeology, held at the Tropical Research Institute's Earl S. Tupper Research and Conference Center, brought together scientists from around the world who study animal remains to reconstruct past environments. March 19 @ Special Event The National Portrait Gallery presented “A Conversation with Dorothy Height” as a feature in its Living Self-Portrait Series. Marc Pachter, Counselor to the Secretary, interviewed Dr. Height, President of the National Council of Negro Women since 1958, and a recipient of the Citizens Medal Award in 1989 by President Reagan for distinguished service to the country. In 1994, President Clinton awarded her the Presidential Medal of Freedom. March 27 = Publication publication of “CMS Reports to the Smithsonian,” a The Center for Museum Studies began semi-annual newsletter for Smithsonian staff. March 28 § Digital Publication The Smithsonian Institution Libraries published a second full-text electronic edition from the Smithsonian’s Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) publications on its Home Page (www.sil.si.edu). This contribution to SIL's Digital Library is the Lzst of Publications of the Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 200 (End of Series) (print edition 1971, digital edition 1997), and includes an index of authors and titles with selected place-names, subjects, and see references for the entire 94 years of published BAE annual reports, bulletins, and other contributions to North American ethnology. March 31 m= Meeting The Provost opened the Smithsonian Acces- sibility Program's Joint Advisory Council Meeting on the Institutional five-year Plan on Accessibility. The formation of an Accessibility Oversight Council was announced whose charge would be to develop recom- mendations for the Provost, Under Secretary, and Secretary regarding Institutional priorities for efficiently implementing the units’ five-year accessibility improve- ment plans. The Joint Advisory Council created a list of accessibility issues for submission to the Oversight Council. April-August m Exhzbition view in the New York Regional Center, Archives of “Invitation to Contemporary Art” was on American Art. The exhibit consisted of sixty-five fanci- ful announcements from the Archives’ collection of the papers of art historian Ellen Hulda Johnson (1910-1992). The display, curated by Archives Southeast Regional Col- lector Liza Kirwin, provided a personal and, at times, amusing look at the creative means of art promotion. April @ Research The belief that giant, Jupiter-like planets might be common to stars like our Sun throughout the Galaxy was bolstered by the discovery of such an object orbiting the star Rho Coronae Borealis by a tearm of SAO astronomers and colleagues from two other institu- tions using a special spectrograph on the I.5-meter tele- scope at Smithsonian’s Whipple Observatory in Arizona. April @ Building Opening At the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, the new Philip D. Reed Education Center opened for use by visiting school groups from Maryland, Washington, D.C., and Virginia. The center, which includes a multipurpose classroom, library, exhibit hall, and office, will host more than 10,000 students and teachers participating in environmental education each year. April @ Exhibition Office of Smithsonian Institution Archives opened the exhibition “Pages from the Past,” a brief visual overview of the Archives’ collection strengths and highlights. April @ Acquisition The Smithsonian Institution Libraries purchased the Charlotte and Lloyd Wineland collection of Native American and Western exploration literature, a collection of 48 titles (88 volumes) of rare books of sin- gular importance to the study of the American West and Indians of North America, which complements the Libraries’ strong Native American collection. The collec- tion includes the first edition of Prince Maximilian’s beautifully illustrated Rezse in das Innere Nord-America in den Jahren 1832 bis 1834 (published 1839-41), a work fundamental to the study of early exploration in U.S. western territories. The purchase was made possible through the efforts of the Office of the Secretary, the Office of the Provost, the Smithsonian Institution Libraries, and the National Museum of Natural History and its Anthropology Department. April 8 On-line Exhibition In partnership with ASTC, SITES launched the on-line exhibtion “Rotten Truth (About Garbage).” The exhibition provides information to educators, students and home user regarding the com- plex environmental issues surrounding daily trash dis- posal. Links to related web sites give users easy access to wide ranging information and opinions on the topic. As visitors review the exhibition, they will find suggestions for activities they can do at home or in the classroom. “Rotten Truth (About Garbage)” was made possible in part by support from Rodale Press Inc., Artrain. April B Agreement Anagreement was made with Filmmakers Collaborative, Inc. for the coproduction of a four-hour TV series and eight-hour radio series called “River of Song: A Musical Journey Down the Mississippi River.” 29 April B® Award Smithsonian magazine won the 1997 National Magazine Award in the category of “Special Interests.” The award was presented for a three-part series on inver- tebrates by Richard Conniff, which ran in the February, May, and July issues in 1996. The National Magazine Awards program is sponsored by the American Society of Magazine Editors, and administered by the Graduate School of Journalism of Columbia University. Established in 1966 to honor editorial excellence, the program this year drew 1,183 entries from 281 different magazines. April-May @ Public Program The Smithsonian Associates presented a four-part course commemorating Jackie Robinson breaking major league baseball's color barrier in 1947. Sports writers, former players, and historians discussed Robinson's impact on the game and on the emerging civil rights movement. April 1 = Pxblication The Center for Museum Studies and the American Association of Museums published the proceedings from the September 1996 symposium “Museums for the New Millennium.” April 3-6 @ Outreach At the National Science Teachers Associ- ation’s annual convention in New Orleans, the National Science Resources Center exhibited its programs, con- ducted presentations, and gave workshops on its Science and Technology for Children curriculum. April 4-5 @ Primate Intelligence Symposium “Exploring the Primate Mind,” held at the National Zoo, featured five eminent scholars, Frans de Waal, Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, Tetsuro Matsuzawa, Sally Boysen, and William McGrew, plus the Zoo's Benjamin Beck and Rob Shumaker, speaking on various topics related to primate cognition and intelli- gence. The Zoo's orangutan language acquisition project was a special focus of the meeting. April 4 ® Dedication The Tropical Research Institute dedicated its Barro Colorado Island Visitors Center to Martin H. Moynihan for his contributions to tropical biology. 30 April 7 @ Public Program The National Portrait Gallery presented Cultures in Motion: “The Berlin Legacy.” Irving Berlin's daughter, Mary Ellin Barrett, and granddaughter, Mary Ellin Lerner, remembered the life and songs of the great American composer. April 10 @ Training Developed an Institution-wide forum, known as the Smithsonian Learning Community, for discussing and exchanging ideas about organizational development and change, innovation, and management tools and techniques. This year’s sessions included four nationally known guest speakers. April 14—October 17 m Exhibit Jackie Robinson's first game with the Brooklyn In celebration of the soth anniversary of Dodgers on April 15, 1947, the National Museum of American History presented “Jackie Robinson and the Integration of Major League Baseball,” an exhibit explor- ing Robinson's career and its historical significance. April 15 = Development Project The American Indian Museum Studies program at the Center for Museum Studies created the American Indian Museum Development Award Pro- gram. The first recipient is the People’s Center of the Con- federated Salish and Kootenai Tribes in Pablo, MT. The year-long program provides consultations, expert assis- tance, information, staff training, and development. April 15 The Office of Public Affairs issued the fourth in its series of Institution-wide “Resources” = Publication brochures, “Asian Pacific American Resources at the Smithsonian.” The “Resources” brochures encourage readers to participate in and partake of cultural ac- tivities, as well as research, employment, internship, and fellowship opportunities at the Smithsonian. April 16-August 17 @ Exhibition The National Museum of African Art presented the exhibition “Adire: Resist-Dyed Cloths of the Yoruba,” a collection of newly acquired adire cloths from Nigeria. April 16 = Panda Anniversary The National Zoo celebrated the 25th anniversary of the arrival of the giant pandas. To the delight of the large crowd of panda fans that gathered for the occasion, Hsing-Hsing was given an anniversary cake containing blueberries, one of his favorite foods. Smithsonian Secretary I. Michael Heyman and representatives from the Embassy of China and the American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) spoke about the significance of the occasion and the impor- tance of giant pandas. The festivities received national coverage in newspapers, and on television and radio broadcasts. The public was invited to a symposium, “A Passion for Pandas: 25 Years of Care and Study of Giant Pandas at the National Zoo.” Dr. Susan Mainka, who worked extensively with pandas in China; the Zoo's giant panda curator, Lisa Stevens; Zoo biologist and panda expert, Dr. Devra Kleiman; and the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums’ executive director, Sydney Butler, provided a retrospective on the story of pandas at the National Zoo. April 16 @ Special Event for the Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception The Annual Appreciation Reception Center's behind-the-scenes volunteers included remarks by Secretary Heyman. April 16-25 @ Study Tour The Smithsonian Associates, offered its first joint Ox- ford University/Smithsonian study voyage, a cruise of the Greek Islands aboard the MTS Arcadia. In addition to site visits, the 149 participants attended seven on- Smithsonian Study Tours, a division of board seminars on subjects including ancient philosophers and the Bronze Age Aegean given by Oxford tutors. April 20-May 2 @ International Assistance Rex Ellis, director of the Cen- ter for Museum Studies, traveled to South Africa with other Smithsonian staff to give presentations at the South African Museums Association (SAMA) annual meeting and to consult with the South African government's Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology on their initiative to begin a National Heritage Training Institute. The visit created a reciprocal learning oppor- tunity for South African museum personnel; in June, Deirdre Prins, an educator at Robben Island, visited the center to research education outreach programs at the Smithsonian. April 23 = Meeting The Office of Membership and Develop- ment and the Office of the Secretary convened the in- augural meeting of the executive committee of the Smithsonian Washington Council. The Washington Council is chaired by Washington attorney and philan- thropist R. Robert Linowes. The other executive com- mittee members are Oliver T. Carr, Donald E. Graham, Elliott S. Hall, J. Roderick Heller, III, Mario M. Morino, Irene Pollin, John R. Risher, Jr. and Vicki Sant. Two more meetings, on June 2 and September 11, were held during the year. The group of Washington-area business and philanthropic leaders was formed to extend and deepen Smithsonian services to local residents. April 24-27 @ Public Program The Smithsonian Women's Commit- tee Annual Craft Show was held again at the National Building Museum, and featured 120 artisans from across the country. Proceeds from the show are used to fund SI projects in the Women’s Committee's competitive grant program. The committee is under the umbrella of the Office of Membership and Development. April 25 @ Exhibition “Life on the Road: The Photographs of Milt Hinton” was exhibited at the Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History. and Culture April 25 ®@ Grant Awarded The Getty Grant Program of the J. Paul Getty Trust approved a grant of $214,500 to sup- port the arrangement and description of three archival collections in the Archives of American Art. The collec- tions include the papers of three important art galleries: the Jacques Seligmann Galleries, Kraushaar Galleries, and the Robert Schoelkopf Gallery. April 26-May 26 @ Exhibit and Public Program Produced in collabora- tion with the District of Columbia Public Schools, “Duke Ellington Youth Festival and Art Exhibition,” a 31 National Museum of American History exhibit, fea- tured dynamic artwork done by students from the Washington, D.C., area depicting Edward Kennedy “Duke” Ellington during his career. Ellington’s life and career was also celebrated in art, poetry, and musical performances. April 27-29 @ Presentation In Stockholm, Sweden, National Science Resources Center Executive Director Douglas Lapp and Deputy Director Sally Goetz Shuler made presentations on science education reform and inquiry-centered science teaching to members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences, and Swedish corporate and government leaders. They also visited the city of Linkdping, where they met with city and school offi- cials and university scientists who were interested in piloting adaptations of science units from the NSRC’s Science and Technology for Children curriculum. April 30 ™ Research The balloon-borne Far Infrared Spectrometer 2 (FIRS-2), designed and built at SAO, made its 10th successful probe of the Earth’s strato- sphere and, during a 5-hour flight over Alaska, meas- ured high-altitude gases vital to understanding atmospheric photochemistry, especially those processes linked to ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect. May = Publication Reading Records: A Researcher's Guide to the Archives of American Art by Garnett McCoy, Curator Emeritus, was published. The monograph is a marvel- ous introduction to the variety of documentation in the Archives’ collections, including letters, diaries, account books, and rare catalogs of obscure exhibitions so dear to researchers and other serious students of American art. May m Exhibition The National Air and Space Museum opened ‘Space Race,’ a major exhibition that traces fifty years of international competition and, more recently, cooperation between the United States and the former Soviet Union. The exhibition was curated by the mem- bers of the Space History Division and designed and ex- 32 ecuted by the Exhibits Division. It contains a stunning and unique array of artifacts, including a Soviet Merkur spacecraft, a full-scale mock-up of the Hubble Space Telescope, and a camera identical to those used in the first U.S. reconnaissance satellites. May, July @ Research Series Thirty-one Rio Grande basin stu- dents, scholars, educators, and community scholars par- ticipated in a Folklife Field Research Series. The Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies Latino Cul- tural Resources Network initiated the series to engage people in the region in the fieldwork for the Folklife Festival and to offer a training program for the research and production of public folklife programs in general. May @ Exhibition American Voices: Latino Photographers in the United States, the Office of Exhibits Central worked with an outside registrar and outside designers, oversaw design and For the International Gallery exhibition fabrication contracts, edited and produced graphic panels, and provided installation services. The opening of the exhibition of 210 photographs, videos, and instal- lation art by 39 Puerto Rican, Cuban-American, and Mexican-American artists coincided with Secretary I. Michael Heyman’s announcement of the creation of a new Center for Latino Initiatives. Special assistance for the exhibition was provided by the Counselor to the Secretary for Community Affairs and Special Projects. May @ Exhibition The Smithsonian Institution Libraries opened Audubon & the Smithsonian, its exhibition featur- ing the National Audubon Society's double-elephant folio edition (68 X 101 cm; 27 X 40 in.) of The Birds of America (on long-term loan to the Libraries), other Audubon volumes, and a variety of Smithsonian books, manuscripts, specimens, personal memorabilia, and artworks in the Libraries’ Exhibition Gallery (located in the National Museum of American History). A number of specimens and a variety of Audubon-related objects came to the Smithsonian as a direct consequence of Audubon’s friendship with Spencer Baird, the Smithson- ian’s first assistant secretary and the man credited with creating the U.S. National Museum, according to guest curator Helena Wright of the National Museum of American History. May @ Agreement An agreement was made with Sony Music Special Products to clear rights to recordings for the Smithsonian Folkways Recordings rerelease of “The Anthology of American Folk Music Edited by Harry Smith” as a six-CD set, which received strong popular acclaim. May @ Agreement An agreement with IMAX Corporation and Lockheed Martin for National Air and Space Museum participation in the IMAX format film “Mission to Mir.” May 5 m Special Event The Office of Membership and Development's Smithsonian Corporate Membership Pro- gram held its Annual Luncheon Meeting, which was at- tended by 120 corporate representatives. Attendees joined Secretary Heyman, Regent Thad Cochran, and Smithsonian National Board Member Joan Noto for a luncheon to discuss the theme “Innovative Relation- ships: How Public and Private Sector Goals Converge to Create Economic and Cultural Value.” Regent Frank Shrontz gave the keynote address. Nissan Motor Cor- poration U.S.A. received the inaugural Smithsonian Institution Corporate Leadership Award. May 5 = Exhibition Undercover: The Evolution of the American Envelope. The National Postal Museum opened the May 7 § Training Seminar The Smithsonian Accessibility Pro- gram conducted a “Two-Cents Seminar on Accessible Publication Design” for staff and people with dis- abilities from its Advisory Council. A panel composed of a person who has low vision, a person who is blind, and a person with cognitive disability examined a sampling of Smithsonian publications for access and discussed their reactions with the staff participants. The presentation was one of four training sessions focusing on guidelines prepared by the Accessibility Program to improve access to museums for visitors with disabilities. May 7-10 w Public Program The Office of Membership and Development's Smithsonian Treasures, the annual behind- the-scenes tour for Contributing Members, brought 70 people to Washington, D.C. for tours of the National Portrait Gallery exhibition Red, Hot G Blue: A Salute to the American Musical, the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC), the National Museum of American History’s Hall of Musical Instruments, and other events. May 7 w Exhibit Friends and Foes) produced and curated by Annette Aiello of the STRI staff opened to the public at the Earl S. Tupper Exhibit Hall. “Los Insectos: Amigos y Enemigos” (Insects: May 9 @ Publication Science magazine published a cover story on research by Dr. Bruce Smith, curator in the Depart- ment of Anthropology at the National Museum of Natural History. By studying early seeds under an electron microscope, Dr. Smith established that people in the Americas cultivated squash as early as 10,000 years ago—much earlier than previously thought and close to dates published for early agriculture in other parts of the world. May 9 @ Visit Panamanian President Ernesto Pérez Balla- dares and members of his cabinet visited STRI’s new construction crane donated by the Government of Den- mark and located in a very wet forest on the Atlantic side of Panama. May 10 @ Milestone The National Postal Museum created an international Council of Philatelists to advise and guide the museum in philatelic matters. May 15 B Wet and Wild ZooFari est party and the Friends of the National Zoo's largest fundraiser, drew a large crowd. The theme, Wet and Wild, reflected the UN's designation of 1997 as the year ZooFari, Washington's wild- 33 of the coral reef. Guests grazed through the Zoo on sam- plings from 100 of Washington’s finest restaurants, then danced to live music provided by the legendary Orioles, the fabulous Hubcaps, and other entertainers. In the past three years, ZooFari has raised more than $200,000 for Zoo conservation, education, and exhibition programs. May 20-September 1 w Exhibit tional Museum of American History display of historic “American Families in Photographs,” a Na- photographs from the collection, examined the chang- ing ways American families have been photographed since the mid-nineteenth century. Photographs of Nikki Giovanni and her son, Ernest Hemingway and his son, and Theodore Roosevelt’s family were included. May 21-23 = Symposium Two dozen textile conservators from all over the United States gathered at the Conservation Analytical Laboratory to attend the symposium “Four Approaches to Textile Conservation” in which four textile conservators of international renown discussed their individual approaches to a variety of problems put forward by the attendees. Discussions addressed various conceptual and methodological approaches to preserva- tion, care, restoration, and research on historical textiles for conservators. May 22 @ Meeting The Provost convened a meeting of the II- member Accessibility Oversight Council to assist the Smithsonian Accessibility Program in developing recommendations for Institutional priorities on acces- sibility for people with disability. May 23 ® Recording Release The Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies supported a kickoff event on the National Mall to announce a major new recording, American Warriors: Songs for Indian Veterans. The Rykodisc release is a compilation of songs honoring Indian veterans of all branches of the armed forces. Produced in collaboration with the National Museum of the American Indian, Rykodisc, and the National Congress of the American Indian, the event featured a 34 performance and remarks, and was held on the future site of NMAI. May 27 @ Special Event Smithsonian Associates and the National Museum of American History, cosponsored “The Prince of Broad- way: An Evening with Hal Prince,” an evening of The National Portrait Gallery with the reminiscences with Tony Award—winning producer and director Hal Prince and Amy Henderson and Dwight Blocker Bowers, curators of the exhibition “Red, Hot & Blue: A Salute to American Musicals.” The evening was videotaped for broadcast on the Ovation arts cable network. May 27 @ Program The Office of Smithsonian Institution Archives created an Electronic Records Program to develop Institution-wide policies on electronic records and to provide guidance to all SI staff on the creation, receipt, and disposition of electronically generated information. May 28 ™ Open House the S. Dillon Ripley Center. More than 1,000 employees OHR held its first ever open house in attended and were able to speak one-on-one with OHR representatives about career enhancement, benefits, policy issues, employee assistance, family leave programs, and more. May 29~-June § @ Exhibition The National Postal Museum participated in the PACIFIC 97 international philatelic exposition. June § Publications Two important publications appeared: (1) Paris: A Guide to Archival Sources for American Art His- tory by Susan Grant, Coordinator of the Archives’ Paris Survey Project. This monograph was underwritten by a grant from the Florence Gould Foundation, a supporter of cooperative French-American ventures. (2) A Finding Aid to the Walter Pach Papers by Nancy Malloy, Archives Reference Specialist in the New York Research Center, and Catherine Stover, Archivist in the Washington Processing Center. The Walter Pach papers were ac- quired in 1988 with major support from The Brown Foundation, Inc., Houston, Texas. June m Exhibition Flight,” opened. The exhibition—currently traveling A temporary exhibition, “Women and the country—showcases the photographs of NASM staff photographer Carolyn Russo. Russo traveled around the country and as far away as Russia to capture images of women fliers as diverse as an astronaut, Eskimo bush pilot, aerobatic pilot, aerial artist, skywriter, hang glider, airline pilot, and many other women ranging in age from 18 to 85. The photographs are accompanied by excerpts from interviews Russo conducted with the women about their experiences and their love of flight. June = Publication The National Postal Museum published the Create-a-Postage Stamp Coloring and Activity Book. June B Rare Oryx Births Collaboration between the Zoo's Conservation and Research Center in Front Royal, Vir- ginia, and the Wilds, an animal conservation facility in Ohio, produced four scimitar-horned oryx through the use of artificial insemination (AI). Two males and two females were born between June 13 and June 20, 1997. These healthy calves represent the largest number of oryx offspring ever produced by AI. The successful out- come of the artificial breeding procedure marks an ad- vance in conserving this highly endangered species. June = Exhibition The Office of Exhibits Central began design and editing of Between a Rock and a Hard Place: A History of American Sweatshops, 1820—Present, a traveling exhibition initiated by the National Museum of American History (NMAH). Featuring a re-creation of the widely publicized El Monte, Calif., sweatshop, this is one of an ongoing series of NMAH exhibitions on the history of work. Its primary focus on the garment in- dustry later drew protests from the retail and fashion in- dustries. Opening at NMAH’s Taylor Gallery in April 1998, the exhibition will later travel to several sites in the United States. June @ Exhibition ian at the Dibner Library, National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), reflected the close collaboration of the Office of Exhibits Central design/editing team with curator Helena Wright of NMAH and the SI Libraries to establish a focus and framework for a multi-layered exhibition. The SI Libraries exhibition, which high- lighted the publishing history of John James Audubon through watercolors, lithographs, and his book The The opening of Audubon and the Smithson- Birds of America, garnered positive media coverage, including a full-page review with color photograph in Time magazine. June B Concert Agreement An agreement was made with Carnegie Hall, New York City, for the “Folkways soth Anniversary Concert,” scheduled for May 1, 1998. June @ Donation Collaboration with OGC on a gift agree- ment with Peter R. Tyson was established for donation of a house to the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fr. Pierce. June @ Contract A master contract was entered into with Christies auction house to allow for deaccessioned ob- jects to be placed up for auction without having to renegotiate a full agreement each time. Individual museum's objects are consigned through amendments to the basic agreement, saving resources and providing a consistent framework for such activities. June @ Agreement An agreement was made with Totally Secure Transactions, Inc., to provide a secure transaction services/shopping cart program on the Smithsonian's World Wide Web sites to protect credit card trans- actions over the Internet. June 8 Award Smithsonian magazine's Web site won the 1997 Clarion Award for “Best World Wide Web Site— 35 Non-profit.” The Clarion Awards are sponsored by the Association for Women in Communications. June 3 @ Award Ceremony The first annual Finance Recogni- tion awards ceremony was held. Eight awards tied to the Finance Vision and Values were presented. The Under Secretary opened the event, and staff were very positive about the program. June 4 B Exhibit permanent exhibit at the Tropical Research Institute's “The Forest Speaks,” the new bilingual Martin H. Moynihan Visitor Center on Barro Colorado Island, produced under the direction of Elisabeth King, opened to the public. June 6 @ Exhibition ing exhibition on view at the National Museum of Amber: Window to the Past, a major travel- Natural History, explored amber’s scientific value and timeless aesthetic appeal. Displays of amber-based research at the museum, docent tours, and public programs on paleobiology, cultural anthropology, and molecular systematics completed the exhibition. Hundreds of visitors also took advantage of several days when museum paleobiologist Dr. Francis Hueber was available with infinite interest and patience to tell them when and where the amber in their jewelry and other treasures formed. June 7 @ Anniversary BugFest 97 doubled as the 20th anni- versary celebration of the much-loved O. Orkin Insect Zoo at the National Museum of Natural History. For two decades, Insect Zoo staff and volunteers have shared their passion for six- and eight-legged creatures with tens of thousands of small children and have educated museum visitors of all ages about the important roles insects play in maintaining the environment. June 9 @ Internship The Center for Museum Studies and Penn- sylvania State University created a pilot internship project with the center’s Museum Intern Partnership Program. Funded by the Penn State College of Liberal 36 Arts, a Penn State student is selected for an intern partnership between the Arctic Studies Center at the National Museum of Natural History and Penn State's Mattson Museum of Anthropology. June I0 @ Agreement Panamanian Foreign Relations Minister Ricardo Alberto Arias and Tropical Research Institute Director Ira Rubinoff signed an agreement that ensures the Institute's operations in Panama, including STRI'’s custodianship of the Barro Colorado Nature Monument, after the termination of the Panama Canal Treaties and into the next century. June 12, June 24 B Awards Program The National Science Resources Center cohosted programs for teachers who received the 1996 Presidential Awards for Excellence in Elementary and Secondary Mathematics and Science Teaching. June 12 @ Public Relations Award Director of Communications David J. Umansky accepted a Silver Anvil award from the Public Relations Society of America for the 1soth anniversary public relations campaign carried out by the Office of Public Affairs. June 13 @ Special Event The Smithsonian Legacy Society, a pro- gram of the Office of Membership and Development's Planned Giving Office, held its inaugural luncheon. Thirty Legacy Society members from around the country met in the Castle for a gala luncheon with Secretary Heyman and Founding Chairman Gloria Shaw Hamilton. The group was founded to honor people who make long-term commitments to the Smithsonian through bequests, charitable annuities, remainder trusts, and other legacy gifts. June 18 @ Training Seminar The Smithsonian Accessibility Pro- gram presented a “Two-Cents Seminar on Audiovisual and Internet Presentations” to staff and people with dis- abilities from its Advisory Council. A panel of experts and consumers discussed the methods of and rationales for making websites and audiovisuals accessible to people with disabilities. The presentation was one of four training sessions focusing on guidelines prepared by the Accessibility Program to improve access to museums for visitors with disabilities. June 21-September 1 B Exhibit the Smithsonian collections in settings depicting typi- “The Family Car” featured classic cars from cal family life. The National Museum of American His- tory also displayed kids’ cars and home photos showcasing ways Americans have made automobiles a part of the family since the 1920s. June 21 § Exhibition The National Postal Museum opened 1847: The First Federal Postage Stamp Issue. June 22-27, July 20-25 m Institutes The National Science Resources Center conducted two K-8 Science Education Leadership In- stitutes for 29 teams from school systems in I5 states, Puerto Rico, and Sweden. Most teams included a school superintendent or assistant superintendent, a science coordinator or director of curriculum and instruction, an experienced teacher, and a senior scientist repre- senting a company or academic institution. The teams developed strategic plans to improve the teaching of science in their elementary schools. June 23-27 8 International Workshop In collaboration with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the Con- servation Analytical Laboratory organized and hosted a workshop on “Applications of Neutron Activation Elemental Analysis in Latin American Archaeological Research,” focusing on interdisciplinary research, espe- cially involving nuclear analytical techniques for characterization of inorganic archaeological materials, and the development of facilities to conduct such investigations in Latin America. Seven teams from six Latin American countries, each consisting of an archaeologist and a nuclear chemist, attended this workshop, which served as the kick-off of a three- year, IAEA sponsored, coordinated research program. CAL experts will provide coordination and standardization. June 25-October 19 B Exhibition The U.S. tour of “Treasures from Tervuren: Selections from the Belgian Royal Museum for Central Africa” was coordinated by The Tribal Art Centre of Basel, Switzerland. June 25-29, July 2-6 B Exhibition Cultural Studies produced the 31st annual Festival of The Center for Folklife Programs and American Folklife featuring “The Mississippi Delta,” “African Immigrant Folklife: Building and Bridging Communities,” and “Sacred Sounds: Belief and Society.” June 25-29, July 2-6 B Folklife Festival The Office of Public Affairs developed a local and national publicity campaign for the 1997 Festival of American Folklife, which featured participants from the Mississippi Delta. Media coverage included network and local morning shows, a number of articles in the Washington Post, and coverage in the New York Times, U.S.A. Today, the Baltimore Sun, Washingtonian, and Southern Living. June 26 § Program The Center for Museum Studies collabor- ated with the Smithsonian Internship Council to offer the annual Intern Ice Cream Social. Ben and Jerry’s contributed 15 gallons of ice cream, toppings, and man- power for the program. June 27 B Special Visit Australia John Howard, Mrs. Howard, and Australian The Secretary greeted Prime Minister of Ambassador to the United States Andrew Sharp Peacock, here for a tour of the National Portrait Gallery conducted by Director Alan Fern. June 28 @ Concert The Center for Folklife Programs and Cul- tural Studies held the third annual Friends of the Festival Ralph Rinzler Memorial Concert, featuring Mike Seeger and the New Lost City Ramblers, and celebrating the revival of old-time southern music and dance. 37 July @ Family Program The Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture celebrated “Juneteenth,” a festival of arts, crafts, storytelling, and historical reenactment celebrating emancipation day in Texas. July @ Lectures/Exhibition In advance of the 1997 U.N. Negotiations on Climate Change held in Kyoto, Japan, the National Museum of Natural History presented a series of six lectures and discussions on scientific evidence of climate change, including fossil records of climate change in the distant past, the role of climate change in the evolution of humankind, and what is known and not known about climate change today. In conjunction with the lecture series, the museum hosted Global Warming: Understanding the Forecast, a traveling exhibition produced by the Environmental Defense Fund. July ™ Agreement A renewal agreement was made with BerkelyCare, Ltd., to provide Study Tour and Seminars participants with an option for traveler’s insurance. July ™ Agreement Anagreement was made with ProTix to provide ticketing services for the “Star Wars” exhibition at the National Air and Space Museum, in anticipation of record crowds. July @ Redesign in its 27-year history—made its debut with the July 1997 issue. Designer Don Morris did not radically alter Bradbury Thompson’s original layout, but the changes were significant. The logo was outlined and enlarged to Smithsonian magazine's redesign—the first run across the top of the page, the typeface was changed, and a flexible system of layouts now allows for different design treatments for different types of stories. July 7-11 B Course Organized and taught by the Conservation Analytical Laboratory staff, “Technology and Preserva- 38 tion of Artifacts” was a five-afternoon survey of the materials, fabrication, deterioration, and preservation of furniture, paper-based artifacts, and paintings for two dozen attendees from the George Washington Univer- sity Appraiser’s Institute program. The course included lectures and demonstrations and was intended to inform prospective caretakers and appraisers on the nature of these artifacts. July 21 @ Appointment Dr. Nancy E. Gwinn began serving as Director of the Smithsonian Institution Libraries. She had served as Assistant Director, Collections Manage- ment for the Libraries since 1984. She holds a doctorate in American civilization from The George Washington University, a master's degree in library science from the University of Michigan, and an undergraduate degree from the University of Wyoming, and was a Fulbright Scholar at Oxford University. July 23-25 ™ Course A three-day “Stain Removal” course was held at the Conservation Analytical Laboratory. It was designed for conservators and caretakers of historic textiles with a particular interest in the removal of accidental soiling and staining of porous materials. A review of surfac- tants, solvent systems, and reagents was followed by a discussion and laboratory exercises on treating the most common stains. July 24 @ World Wide Web The Center for Museum Studies posts the complete text of “Internship Opportunities at the Smithsonian Institution” on the World Wide Web. July 30 @ Reception The National Museum of African Art hosted a reception in conjunction with the U.S.—South Africa Binational Commission meeting. Speakers at the reception included U.S. Vice President Al Gore and South African Deputy President Thabo Mbeki. August ® Recording Release Smithsonian Folkways Recordings released the updated reissue of Harry Smith’s Anthology of American Folk Music. The anthology, originally produced in 1952, became an inspiration for the folk and blues revivals and a creative source for Bob Dylan, Jerry Garcia, and Joan Baez, among others. August = NSF Award The Department of Zoological Research along with the University of Maryland received a five- year, $1.5 million National Science Foundation Research Training Grant on the Biology of Small Populations. The grant will fund studies on the biological consequences of small population sizes and train students and postdoctoral scientists. Funds are available for activities at the under- graduate, graduate, and postdoctoral levels; technical train- ing sessions to develop hands-on experience in laboratory, software, and other specific tools; seminar courses explor- ing different aspects of the general research theme; and an annual research symposium with invited speakers and presentations by members of the program. August @ Research Ultraviolet and optical images of the giant star Mira and its hot companion obtained by two SAO scientists and their colleagues using the Hubble Space Telescope’s Fine Object Camera represent both the first ultraviolet images and the first separate spectra of the two stars. These unique views suggest that material from Mira’s extended atmosphere is being drawn onto the smaller companion, the first time such a mass trans- fer has been observed. August m Exhibition After designing and producing the SITES photography exhibition The Art of Jack Delano, Office of Exhibits Central management and design and production staff traveled to Puerto Rico to install the exhibition and advise Banco Popular—the exhibition’s funder and first venue—on objects handling, lighting, floor plan, layout, and other aspects of presenting museum exhibitions. August B Agreement An agreement was made with Apple Com- puter, Inc., to create interactive software for the Nation- al Museum of Natural History’s new Geology, Gems, and Minerals Hall. August 8 = Fellowships The Center for Museum Studies received a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation to implement a three-year humanities fellowship program, “Latino Cultural Research in a National Museum Context: Issues of Representation and Interpretation.” The fellowships, a mix of residencies for scholars and museum professionals, will be interdisciplinary and will support Latino/Latina-focused scholarship using the extensive cultural, archival, historical and professional resources at the Smithsonian. Projects will link art and the politics of public display, encompass in-depth and advanced research in the museum and curatorial fields, and contribute much-needed Latino-focused perspec- tives and interpretations to topics within many Smithsonian collections. August II B Staff Appointment As the new Executive Director for Development, Robert V. Hanle will oversee the opera- tions of the Office of Membership and Development. August I4 @ Training The Smithsonian Accessibility Program and the National Zoo cosponsored training for staff on service of animals for people with disabilities. A speaker from the Delta Society National Service Dog Center engaged participants in a dialogue on accommodating zoo visitors who have service animals. August I5 @ Exhibition The Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture exhibited “Carib- bean Visions: Contemporary Painting and Sculpture.” August 27 @ Program An Individual Development Plan Program was developed for the Finance area. This program will provide the opportunity for all staff members and their supervisors to develop training plans for the year that will address meeting core job requirements and oppor- tunities for career enhancement. Fall B Exhibition Working with Vera Hyatt, Program Director for African/Caribbean Programs of the Office of International Relations, the Office of Exhibits Central (OEC) continued to engage in exchange with the Cape Coast Castle Museum project in Cape Coast, 39 Ghana. Four Cape Coast staff interns spent several months at OEC gaining experience in exhibit design and production; OEC staff traveled to Ghana to share ex- pertise in exhibit production techniques. OEC also worked with a museum staffer from the South African National Gallery in Cape Town, South Africa, as part of the office’s mandate of outreach in training in exhibit processes and techniques. The arrangement was in- tended to lay the groundwork for a future Folklife Festival program, as well as for the development of a national support organization akin to OEC/SITES that would service South Africa’s national museum network. September, October @ Rhino Births National Zoo efforts to breed the greater one-horned Asian rhinoceros were rewarded with the birth of two calves. On September 18, 1996, Chitwan, a female, was born to 11 year-old Mechi; on Oc- tober 31, Himal, a male, was born to Kali, also 11. The births are a critical achievement in the Zoo’s continuing efforts to breed this endangered species, because only about 2,000 greater one-horned Asian rhinos are still living in the wild. September @ Grant Precollege Science Education Initiative for Science The Howard Hughes Medical Institute 1997 Museums, Aquaria, Botanical Gardens and Zoos awarded a four-year, $100,000 grant to the National Zoo. The funds will support refurbishing and expand- ing the Zoo's existing science education materials, developing new materials and activities for teachers, and expanding and updating the Teacher Workshop Program. September @ Public Outreach “Minds of Our Own,” a PBS educa- tional series for parents and teachers developed and produced by SAO’s Science Media Group and funded by the Annenberg/CPB Math and Science Project, explored how students’ long-held and often erroneous beliefs can block learning and confound even the most dedicated and talented instructors. September @ Exhibition The opening of the Janet Annenberg Hooker Hall of Geology, Gems, and Minerals at the Na- 40 tional Museum of Natural History capped a two-and-a- half-year modelmaking effort by the Office of Exhibits Central (OEC). Major modelmaking components of the renovated space include full-size dioramas of mines in Arizona, Missouri, and Virginia; a Coyote Creek Fault trench peel and model; a model of a pyroplastic flow from Crater Lake; a re-creation of a San Diego tour- maline pocket; and an eight-foot-diameter fiberglass and epoxy model of the Moon. OEC’s work was based on extensive on-site research, photographs, sketches, and ongoing experimentation with modelmaking materials and techniques. September @ Exhibition The Office of Exhibits Central provided design, editing, and production services for We Shall Overcome: Photographs from the American Civil Rights Era, a SITES exhibition of landmark photographs of voter- registration drives, literacy training, and acts of civil dis- obedience. To open in abbreviated form at the National Museum of American History (NMAH) in January 1998, the exhibition features about 70 black-and-white photographs by Gordon Parks and other major photojournalists. The photographs are noteworthy not only as visual documentation of historic moments, but also as works of art. September B Special Program Office of Exhibits Central managers met with representatives of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum to discuss the prospect of providing modelmaking and graphic production services. OEC agreed to create reproductions of an armband and a desk calendar, both belonging to the police in the Jewish ghetto of Kovno, Lithuania, and which will appear in an upcoming exhibition. September @ Agreement The Chesapeake Information and Re- search Library Alliance (CIRLA), of which the Smith- sonian Institution Libraries is a founding member, implemented a reciprocal borrowing program that facilitates direct borrowing from the seven other mem- ber libraries by Smithsonian staff. This service speeds along research through prompt response to loan re- quests and reduces costs associated with interlibrary loans. Other members of CIRLA, a regional consortium, are Georgetown University, Howard University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Delaware, University of Maryland College Park, the National Agricultural Library, and the Library of Congress. September ™ Agreement An agreement was made with WGBH- TV in Boston, MA, for the closed captioning system and the related software used in the Langley Theater at the National Air and Space Museum. September m Settlement A settlement was negotiated with Follett College Stores, a firm previously hired to run the Museum Shops at the America’s Smithsonian Exhibi- tion venues. Unanticipated low volume of sales placed the vendor in an inappropriate financial position and a mutually agreeable arrangement was reached. September ™ Agreement A coproduction agreement was made with the Wolf Trap Foundation for presentation of “Harry Smith Anthology” concerts at the Barns at Wolf Trap. September @ Agreement An agreement was made with Steve Schecter Films on behalf of the National Museum of Natural History’s Anthropological Film Archives and Dr. Bill Crocker, providing for the filming and editing of new footage, to be combined with existing footage, of Dr. Crocker’s study of the Canella Indians in South America. The finished film will be presented on public television. September, October B Agreements Agreements were made with the Cor- poration for Public Broadcasting for work related to the audio programs “Slaves No More” and “River of Song,” each containing a significant body of source material related to the African American experience in America. September =" Award In partnership with the American Society of Travel Agents (ASTA), Smithsonian magazine awarded the seventh annual ASTA/Smithsonian Magazine En- vironmental Award to Maho Bay Camps, Inc., and Sea- Canoe Thailand, Co. Ltd. The award recognizes out- standing achievements and contributions by individuals, corporations, and countries toward further- ing the goals of environmental conservation. September I 8 Curriculum Development The National Science - Resources Center published Rocks and Minerals, the final unit in its Science and Technology for Children (STC) curriculum for grades 1 to 6. Six other units— Animal Studies, Changes, Land and Water, Motion and Design, Sound, and The Technology of Paper—were published earlier in the year. The 24 units in this hands-on program cover topics in four major areas: life, the earth, physical sciences, and technological design. September 3-5 @ Sympostum Supported by a grant from the National Center for Preservation Technology and Training of the National Parks Service, the Conservation Analytical Laboratory organized a Symposium on the Museum Environment. Based on the model of the so-called Gordon Conferences in the sciences, this symposium gathered, by invitation only, a group of experts repre- senting a wide range of disciplines, including con- servation scientists, conservators, HVAC engineers, architects, collection managers, and museum directors. Discussion topics included the building envelope, HVAC technologies, chemical, biological and mechanical deterioration, relative humidity, temperature and pollu- tion, and energy and cost savings strategies. The sym- posium covered historic houses, museums, libraries, and archives, both in historic structures or in buildings spe- cially designed to house collections. A significant amount of time was devoted to risk assessment and the planning and decision-making process. The par- ticipants discussed the state of knowledge based upon recent research and produced a communique with guidelines for decisions in setting parameters for collec- tions environments. September 3 w Exhibit ships, a project of the Visitor Information and Banners promoting Smithsonian Member- Associates’ Reception Center, were completed for dis- play in the Smithsonian Information Center. September 5 @ Exhibition “Visual Thinking: Sketchbooks from the Archives of American Art” opened in the New York Regional Center. The show, which was also featured on the Archives’ website, featured sketchbooks from prominent as well as little-known nineteenth- and twen- tieth-century American artists, including William Har- nett, John White Alexander, Luis Mora, Robert Henri, Oscar Bluemner, and David Park. September 12 § Contract Award Ataceremony in Cambridge, MA, September 12, NASA Administrator Daniel S. Goldin officially transferred responsibility for flight operations and management of the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility (AXAF) to SAO. AXAF will be the first major spacecraft to be controlled in space by a non- NASA center. September 13 @ Accreditation Renewal The National Zoo received con- tinuation of accreditation from the American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA). For a zoo or aquarium to become a member of the AZA, an extensive accredita- tion process must take place. Besides a lengthy applica- tion, a two-day on-site inspection by a team of zoo and aquarium professionals must be conducted. The visiting team observes and evaluates all aspects of a zoo’s opera- tions. Accreditation was made mandatory for member- ship in the AZA in 1980. September 16-18 8 Workshop Collections—Saving Images for the Digital Age” was a Conservation Analytical Laboratory RELACT course “Preservation Management of Photograph and workshop that included, through lectures and demonstrations, an introduction to care and manage- ment of photographic materials, identification of photo prints and negatives, and preservation of special media, concentrating on the challenges of preserving photographs through digitization as one component of an overall strategy. September 18-October 24 @ Exhibition month, the Archives of American Art presented an ex- In commemoration of Hispanic Heritage 42 hibit in the AA/PG Library of the newly acquired papers of scholar Tomas Ybarra-Frausto, chair of the Smithsonian Council and of the Latino Oversight Committee. Dr. Ybarra- Frausto has written and published extensively on Latin American and U.S. Latino cultural issues. September 20 @ Permanent Exhibition The National Museum of Natural History proudly welcomed the public to see the results of the most ambitious exhibition renovation ever undertaken on the Mall: the Janet Annenberg Hooker Hall of Geology, Gems, and Minerals. Galleries devoted to mineralogy, earth sciences, and the formation of the solar system showcase the museum’s extraordinary col- lections of gemstones and crystals, take visitors into mine dioramas, outline the theory of plate tectonics, and describe how scientists use meteorites to crack the secrets of the early solar system. September 20 § Public Program The National Postal Museum spon- sored a special musical performance entitled Music on a Block of Four: Appreciating American Songwriters. September 20 @ Special Event Benefactors produced its eighth annual black-tie gala at The Smithsonian Associates’ Young the National Air and Space Museum. This glittering event raises more than $100,000 each year for the Smith- sonian Institution. September 23-25 § International Workshop An audience of artists, conser- vators, curators, and collectors attended the workshop “Preservation of Imdgenes: Hispanic American Religious Images on Wood” at the Conservation Analytical Laboratory. Hispanic religious artifacts, bultos, and retablos were surveyed including their history, materials, polychrome fabrication and decoration, and preservation and restoration. The workshop included lec- tures and studio exercises revolving around the examina- tion of artifacts and techniques, enhanced by the connoisseurship of scholars, and provided technical in- formation on preservation concerns. Made possible through financial support by the Office of the Provost, this workshop was the first of a series of similar events, planned as part of an outreach effort to the Latino com- munity, and will be held at various locations in the United States. September 24 @ Project An Institution-wide team was formed to look at indirect cost and overhead issues. The team developed a list of issues and concerns that it will begin to take action to resolve in fiscal year 1998. September 25 @ Public Program The National Postal Museum an- nounced the winners of the Graceful Envelope calligraphy contest at a special public program. September 26—-January 4 = Exhibition “Mathew Brady’s Portraits: Images as History, Photography as Art” was on view at the National Portrait Gallery. This was the most com- prehensive exhibition devoted to Brady’s career in more than a century. More than one hundred images were on view, representing Brady’s work in every form, includ- ing, for the first time, examples of his collaboration with artists to create oil paintings, lithographs, and wood engravings based on photographs. September 26—January 25 w Exhibition “Edith Wharton’s World: Portraits of People and Places” was on view at the National Portrait Gallery. Born into an atmosphere of material luxury, Edith Wharton (1862-1937) transformed her careful observations of the elite, cosmopolitan society in which she moved into such American classics as The Age of Innocence and The House of Mirth. September 29 The Office of Smithsonian In- stitution Archives, on behalf of eleven SI archives and @ Collections Management special collections units, arranged for the storage of archival collections at National Underground Storage in Boyers, PA. Over the next ten years, OSIA will coordin- ate records transfers to this remote, environmentally controlled storage facility on behalf of its Smithsonian sister repositories. September 30 @ Milestone The National Postal Museum gained full status as an independent Smithsonian museum and the Director began reporting directly to the Smithsonian Institution’s Provost. September 30 @ SI Policy The Office of Smithsonian Institution Ar- chives oversaw issuance of Smithsonian Announcement 97-10, entitled “Email and Record Keeping,” which of- fers SI staff instruction and guidance on the creation, receipt, and disposition of electronic mail messages. September 30 @ Planning A 5-year Finance-wide draft strategic plan was developed. The plan will be reviewed in fiscal year 1998 by customers. The plan was developed to be consis- tent with the Smithsonian-wide strategic plan and provides a blueprint for financial management improve- ments over the next several years. September 30 = Meeting A monthly meeting format was developed for fiscal year 1998 for sharing information on financial issues among the major offices involved in these issues. This meeting will include the Finance offices, as well as the Office of Planning, Management, and Budget and the Office of Sponsored Projects. 3 Reports of the Bureaus and Offices of the Smithsonian Institution for Fiscal Year 1997 Office of Planning, Management, and Budget L. Carole Wharton, Director Mission Statement The Office of Planning, Management, and Budget (OPMB) as- sists the Secretary and Board of Regents in setting priorities, determining the best allocation of resources, and measuring performance. OPMB gathers, analyzes, and presents resource needs and information to the Office of Management and Budget, Congress, and the Board of Regents to facilitate wise and favorable evaluation. OPMB also provides services to central and unit managers that foster the planning, allocation, and management of Institutional resources. In addition, the Office also develops and disseminates In- stitutional announcements and policy directives. Budget Management, Planning, and Policy Systems Budget Management, Planning, and Policy Systems (BUMPPS) fully automated the Unit Budget Allocation and Budget Transfers process for Federal and General Trust resour- ces. The Unit Budget Allocation module allows the museums, research institutes, and offices to spread their initial budger al- location to the detailed accounting classification key. This module also provides the funds control and budget records for upload to the Office of the Comptroller's accounting system. The Budget Transfer module allows the user to adjust their current budget allocation within the organization and be- tween other organizations. 44 The Call for Plans and Budgets requirements were developed, screens were created for data entry, reports were developed, and testing began. The BUMPPS team was able to automate the Call for Plans and partially automate the Call for Budgets. During the year the users were fully installed with the BUMPPS software and trained to use the modules, and a BUMPPS User Guide was written that included screen shots. Strategic and Performance Plans OPMB assisted the Secretary, Under Secretary, and Provost in developing a five-year Institutional strategic plan that was responsive to the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) of 1993. The plan was developed based on the report of the Commission on the Future of the Smithsonian, and in- volved extensive reviews throughout 1997 with senior manage- ment, the Board of Regents, and the Institution’s House and Senate oversight and appropriations subcommittees. The final plan was approved by the Board of Regents and submitted to the Office of Management and Budget in September 1997 and, later, to the Congress. OPMB worked with numerous units across the Institution cto develop the first Smithsonian annual performance plan, also in response to the GPRA. The performance plan was linked to the goals and objectives of the strategic plan and in- cluded annual goals, milestones, and targets. The performance plan also included measures for research, collections care and access, exhibitions and public programs, administrative work processes, fundraising, and facilities improvements. Office of Membership and Development Robert V. Hanle, Executive Director for Development In 1997 the Office of Membership and Development spear- headed and oversaw a wide range of public-private partner- ships to support the Smithsonian. The America's Smithsonian traveling exhibition visited five more cities—St. Paul, MN, Houston, TX, Portland, OR, Birmingham, AL, and San Jose, CA. To date, the exhibition has reached nine cities and has been visited by more than 3 million Americans. The innovative relationship the Smithsonian established with the Isoth Anniversary Corporate Partner Program con- tinued as our four partners, Discover® Card, Intel Corpora- tion, MCI Communications Corporation, and Trans World Airlines, Inc., reached audiences nationwide through their support of America’s Smithsonian. Out of the Isoth celebrations, the Smithsonian's relationship with Discover Card has grown to include the Smithsonian Card, a Novus Services affinity credit card that will generate additional revenue for the Institution. OMD recognized several firsts, including the inaugural meet- ing of the Smithsonian Legacy Society, a group formed to honor individuals who have made a legacy gift such as a bequest, pooled income fund, or charitable annuity to the Institution. The Smithsonian Washington Council, a group of cultural and philanthropic leaders in the Washington, D.C., area, was formed and met several times to explore ways to strengthen the Smithsonian's services to local residents. The Smithsonian Cor- porate Membership Program gave its first Corporate Leadership Award to Nissan Motor Corporation, U.S.A. In addition, the OMD administered Smithsonian awards through the Smithsonian Benefactors Circle and the James Smithson Society. At its 1996 meeting in October, the Circle honored Mr. and Mrs. Jerome Lemelson with its Annual Award. The Lemelsons were recognized for their visionary sup- port, which enabled the Smithsonian to establish the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center at the National Museum of American History. The Center documents, interprets, and disseminates information about invention and innovation, encourages inventive creativity in young people, and fosters an appreciation for the central role invention plays in the United States. The Joseph Henry Medal was given to William Gordon Bowen, President of the Andrew Mellon Foundation, in recognition of his long-standing support of the Smithson- ian. Mr. Bowen served as a Smithsonian Regent for twelve years and continues to advance the Smithsonian's mission during his tenure at the Mellon Foundation. The Hon. Ruth Bader Ginsburg joined Secretary Heyman in bestowing honors upon these philanthropists. The James Smithson Society met twice this fiscal year, as its meeting was permanently moved to the spring. At its October 1996 meeting, the Society bestowed its Founder Medal on Agnes Cowles Bourne in recognition of her support for the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum. In May, members Mr. and Mrs. Philip D. Reed, Jr., accepted the medal on behalf of the Philip D. Reed Foundation in recogni- tion of the foundation's support of SI conservation biology programs. Mary Marvin Breckinridge Patterson also received the medal for her lifetime of support for the Institution. To better serve the Institution-wide development com- munity, the central development office was restructured this year into three major areas: membership and volunteer rela- tions, development, and development services. Major gifts received this year include the following: ¢ $2.7 million from Nissan Motor Corporation U.S.A. in sup- port of the SITES Earth 2U: Exploring Geography exhibition; * $2.6 million pledged from Professor Ikuo Hirayama for the Ikuo Hirayama Endowment Fund of the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery; * $1.5 million from Apple Computer, Inc., for the Janet Annenberg Hooker Hall of Geology, Gems, and Minerals in the National Museum of Natural History. The Contributing Membership and the James Smithson Society continued to provide significant sources of un- restricted revenue for the Smithsonian. The Contributing Membership Program increased its gross unrestricted support for the Smithsonian to $8.9 million. In addition to their commitment to the America’s Smith- sonian galas and regional reunions, the Smithsonian National Board worked tirelessly for the Institution across the country. Led by Chair Jean Mahoney and Vice Chair Clive Runnells, the Smithsonian National Board’s 52 current, 110 advisory, and 15 honorary members continued to provide dedicated service—advising the Secretary, providing programmatic support, and advocating around the country for the Institu- tion. The Board continues to build bridges for the Smithson- ian to corporate America and the philanthropic world, as well as to leaders nationwide, and irs members are some of our best goodwill ambassadors. In calendar year 1996, Jane Bradley was chairman of the Board’s Annual Giving Committee. Under her leadership, cur- rent, honorary, and advisory board members’ strong financial commitment to the Institution raised $1.183 million directly for two Smithsonian science research and biodiversity projects for which the Secretary had requested support, as well as other projects across the Institution designated by board members. In addition, the Board generously gave $815,014 to the Smithsonian Fund for the Future, which is providing long- term support for the Institution. The board’s support is criti- cal to the success of many promising projects that could not move forward without their directed philanthropy. This year the Smithsonian's World Wide Web site on the Internet attracted 10 million hits per month, and more than 23 million visitors came to the actual museums on the Nation- al Mall. The Internet will continue to be a place for ex- perimentation and a fertile ground for exploring new ways of getting Smithsonian resources to people where they live. Building on the success of the Smithsonian's World Wide Web site, the Office of Membership and Development en- hanced its own pages. The Corporate Membership Program (www.si.edu/youandsi/join/corp/scmp), Contributing Member- ship (www.si.edu/youandsi/join/members/cm), and Smithson- ian Women’s Committee (www.si.edu/youandsi/craftshow/ start.htm) all enhanced their presence on the Smithsonian site by launching interactive pages that will generate even more support and help people everywhere to understand the crucial need for funding beyond the operational support we receive from the federal government. The Smithsonian has always been about the big picture and reaching out to new constituencies. In FY97, innovative use of technology and public-private partnerships helped us to reach the largest audience possible in new and exciting ways. Smithsonian National Board Jean Mahoney, Chair Clive Runnells, Vice Chair Smithsonian National Board members work for the advance- ment of the Institution as advocates and as private-sector ad- 45 visors to the Secretary and Under Secretary, as well as through personal financial support and fund-raising activities. This year a Fund for the Future and Capital Campaign Planning Committee under the leadership of Allison Cowles commenced work to structure the Smithsonian’s first-ever Institution-wide capital campaign. In calendar year 1996, Jane Bradley chaired the Board’s Annual Giving Committee. Under her leadership, board members’ cumulative annual contributions totaled $1.183 mil- lion, the largest amount to date. This support went toward Smithsonian science research and biodiversity projects for which che Secretary had designated support, benefit events for the America’s Smithsonian exhibition, and other projects across the Institution designated by board members. Smithsonian Women’s Committee Paula Jeffries, Chair The Smithsonian Women’s Committee serves as an ongoing source of support for a variety of Institutional programs through volunteer fund-raising and public relations services. In 1997, the Committee distributed $293,000 in competitive grants to 25 projects in Il museums and offices across the Smithsonian. The committee's awards program is the result of its successful and proficable annual Smithsonian Craft Show, which this year celebrated its fifteenth anniversary and was held at the National Building Museum April 24-27. From over 1,300 applicants, 120 exhibitors in all media were selected to show their wares. The annual event presents the nation’s finest contemporary crafts and also raises money for the committee’s educational and outreach programs benefiting the Smithsonian. Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture Steven Cameron Newsome, Director The Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture expanded the tradition of leadership in increasing public understanding of the historical experiences and cultural expressions of people of African descent living in the Americas. At the same time, the museum enhanced its strategies for engaging constituencies in the development of research projects, public programs, and exhibitions, especially those that focus on contemporary social and cultural issues. During the year, the Museum presented critically ac- claimed exhibitions including “Feeling the Spirit: Searching the World for the People of Africa,” “Invoking the Spirit: Worship Traditions in the African World,” “The Black Trans- atlantic Experience: The Photography of Chester Higgins and 46 Stephen Marc,” “Life on the Road: The Photography of Milt Hinton,” and “Caribbean Vision: Contemporary Painting and Sculpture.” The Museum’s commitment to community-based educa- tional programs is evinced in its six-year partnership with the Lucy Ellen Moten Elementary School. The partnership is based at the school where the Museum staff has built relation- ships with administrators, teachers, students, and parents. The partnership integrates learning activities in African American history and culture with the day-to-day educational offerings of the school. The project engages students in a broad variety of activities including an understanding of the history of the local community through field study projects and engagement with community historians, an under- standing of African American history and culture through spe- cial projects, and field trips to local cultural resources. The partnership is funded through a generous grant from the Fred- die Mac Foundation and has been cited by Leland C. Brendsel, chairman and CEO of Freddie Mac and chairman of the Fred- die Mac Foundation, as “providing an engaging, creating learning environment.” Additional assistance comes from the Smithsonian Institution Educational Outreach Fund. The exhibition project “Speak to My Heart: African American Communities of Faith and Contemporary Society” is under development. The project takes a unique approach to engaging the community in exploring the dynamic relationship between African American com- munities and religious institutions. This project has received a generous grant from the Lilly Endowment, Inc., in the amount of $600,000. Archives of American Art Richard J. Wattenmaker, Director Fiscal Year 1997 was a year of outstanding achievement for the Archives of American Art as it continued to affirm its posi- tion as the world’s largest repository of original documents relating to American art and culture by acquiring important new collections. In addition, it furthered its mission of serv- ing the research community through increased accessibility to collections, facilitated by several new publications and on- going collections processing projects. In the area of outreach and education, the Archives used the gallery space in the New York Regional Center to showcase documents both from its own collections as well as those of other art institutions. The Archives also coordinated an ambitious internship program, with particular emphasis on Latino participants. Throughout the year the Archives managed a nationwide program of col- lecting and reference services at its various centers in Washington, D.C., New York, Boston, Detroit, San Francisco, and San Marino, California. Collections Acquired Among the most important collections acquired in 1997 is the Klaus Perls Gallery collection. The Perls Gallery, founded in 1935 by Klaus G. Perls, handled modern masters such as Alexander Calder, Pablo Picasso, Joan Mird, Georges Rouault, Marc Chagall, and Maurice de Vlaminck. The history of the Perls Gallery is part of the history of the reception of modern art in America. The Perlses were Europeans who brought old- world authority and skill to the selling of modern art. The gallery closed in 1997. Its records contain correspondence (1935-1997) with artists, dealers, museums, and collectors; photographs (1935- 3 Me, estab- lishes a hard lower limit to the mass of the compact primary, which exceeds the maximum mass of a neutron star. Now, new evidence gathered and interpreted by CfA scientists ap- pears to confirm that the collapsed stars in these XIN possess an event horizon—the defining property of a black hole. This conclusion is based on the advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) model and on a comparative study of nine XN, four with black holes and five with neutron stars. X-ray data for these nine XN showed, without exception, that a black hole primary has a larger luminosity swing from quiescence to outburst than a neutron star primary. This result is as ex- pected if the former objects have event horizons that hide most of the thermal energy and if the latter objects lack an event horizon and must therefore re-radiate all the thermal energy that they accreted. Optical and X-ray observations have confirmed that the X- ray source IE0657—56 is a cluster of galaxies at a redshift z = 0.296. The measured temperature T = 17 keV = 2.00.3 X 108 K makes this cluster a strong candidate for the hottest known. The existence of such a cluster at the observed red- shift is difficule to reconcile with current theoretical models involving a universe with the critical density. The tempera- ture measures the depth of the gravitational-potential well and, together with a measurement of the radial distribution of the gas, the mass of the cluster. A knowledge of the number of clusters as a function of temperature can constrain the spectrum of density fluctuations in the early universe. The standard normalization for density fluctuations that produce clusters refers to rcemperatures of 5—7 keV. Differences be- tween cosmological models are strongly amplified for a temperature of the order of 17 keV. The discovery of this high- temperature cluster seems to rule out models with a CDM power spectrum of fluctuations and @ = I. Optical and X-ray observations of early-type galaxies, groups, and clusters of galaxies show that a greater fraction of the gravitating mass is observable in rich clusters than in in- dividual galaxies. In elliptical galaxies, only a few percent of the gravitating mass is observed in stars or gas, while in rich clusters, approximately 30% of the mass is contained in hot gas and galaxies. If the recent estimate of the Massive Com- pact Halo Objects (MACHO) abundance in our galaxy is rep- resentative of all galaxies, then the “observable” content of galaxies, groups, and rich clusters (in the form of MACHOs, stars, and gas) is nearly constant at 50% of the total mass. Fur- thermore, the MACHO detection rate in our galaxy implies that the stellar progenitors of MACHOs could produce the observed gas mass and abundance of heavy elements in rich clusters. There is no need to assume that any of the cluster gas is primordial. The observed trend of increasing gas mass frac- tion between groups and clusters can be explained within the context of hierarchical clustering scenarios. Optical and Infrared Astronomy The Optical and Infrared Astronomy Division carries out its astrophysical research with optical, infrared, and gamma-ray telescopes. In the optical domain, the Second CfA Survey, the Century Survey (CS), and the 15R Survey were all completed this year with a total of more than 25,000 redshifts having been measured. These surveys confirm the nature and ampli- tude of the large-scale clustering of galaxies and the prior determination that voids in the radial direction do not generally exceed diameters of about 5,000 km/s. The galaxy luminosity function has a characteristic luminosity, M* = —20.6, in excel- lent agreement with the value derived from the larger Las Campanas Redshift Survey (LCRS), bur the CS faint-end slope, & = —1.14, is substantially steeper than the & = —0.70 for the LCRS. The steeper CS slope agrees with the results of B-band surveys. The real surprise is that the amplitude of the luminosity function appears to increase by about 30% from zero redshift to z ~ 0.15. The 2-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) is now under way. The first (Northern Hemisphere) telescope is in operation at the Fred L. Whipple Observatory, a little under 9 years after the submission of the initial Small Explorer proposal for such a survey. 2MASS will produce a catalog of 500,000—1,000,000 galaxies and 100,000,000 stars. The complementary galaxy redshift survey will starc later this fall. The long-term ground-based effort to monitor the radial velocities of hundreds of stars in the Hyades Cluster paid a handsome dividend this year through the determination of new masses and orbital parallaxes for three Hyades binaries. These parallaxes establish a new benchmark for the discance to the Hyades Cluster, one that agrees remarkably well (within 10) with the just-announced Hipparcos distance of 46.34 + 0.27 pc. The monitoring of the 0957+561 gravitational-lens system continued to a successful conclusion with all parties now agreeing on the time delay. This result allows the Hubble Constant to be determined from the lens more reliably; the main uncertainties now devolve on those of the lens’ mass dis- tribution. These uncertainties are believed to be of the order of 10%, with the current estimate of H, being about 65 kms” Mpc". Planetary Sciences The Planetary Sciences Division carries out research mainly on the dynamics and materials of solar-system bodies. Planetary scientists at the CfA have built upon earlier thermo- dynamic studies of the sequence of minerals that would con- dense from cooling disk material, looking for correspondences between this set of minerals and those actually observed in chondritic meteorites. They carried out the first study formally to take account of the fact that once mineral condensation starts, a portion of the material condensed (i.e., the interiors of grains) is no longer accessible for further reaction with the gas phase. They found thar this process has a profound effect on both the mineralogy and the chemistry of the condensate. One of the condensation/isolation models they tested produces the minerals in the carbonaceous class of chondrites quite faithfully; another model accounts for the properties of the enstatite class of chondrites. The concept tested, in which slow grain growth produces carbonaceous chondrites and rapid growth enstatite chondrites, is the only internally con- sistent model that has accounted for the differences between these two disparate chondrite classes. Division members have used a microprobe/electron micro- scope to determine the mineralogical siting of manganese and chromium in a primitive chondrite, important for interpret- ing the Mn*—Cr® radiometric ages of chondrites that have been used to understand early solar-system chronology. They have also used the microprobe to study the minerals that form inclusions and line cavities in the iron meteorite Gibeon, as one of a series of studies of unusual meteoritic mineral assem- blages. They concluded from the mineralogy that the meteorite formed in a body that experienced early igneous differentia- 65 tion, followed by break-up and reassembly in orbit while its metallic core material was still partially molten. During the past year, Division members moved closer to an understanding of the evolutionary and dynamical processes— often occurring in the distant past—that carved the asteroid belt from a field of small uniformly distributed bodies into their present spatial distribution. They found that effects oc- curring naturally as a result of a diminishing residual solar nebula, coupled with small concomitant changes in planetary orbits, can produce the present distribution shown by some 13,000 minor planets to a remarkable degree. Some of the properties that seem to be accounted for are (a) the gaps at various mean motion resonances, (b) the high average values of the asteroidal eccentricities and inclinations, and (c) the scarcity of bodies with semimayjor axes greater than 3.4 AU. In collaboration with others in the Solar and Stellar Division, scientists in the Planetary Sciences Division have studied members of the solar system at extremes of heliocentric distance. Images of no fewer than 26 new comets have been analyzed by using data from the Solar Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO); the likelihood thar all but two are members of the Kreutz group of related objects confirms the extreme prevalence of that system of objects that pass within less than two radii of the Sun’s center. Observations with the FLWO 1.2-m reflector of several new candidate members of the Kuiper Belt will make that tele- scope the third most prolific in the world with regard to the number of different such objects observed. This follow-up is essential lest preconceived, and possibly erroneous, ideas on the Kuiper Belt’s makeup—principally as a “main belt” of ob- jects in near-circular, low-inclination orbits with mean distan- ces in the range 42-46 AU and a set of objects in somewhat more eccentric and inclined orbits in 2:3 resonance with Neptune— prevail. Radio and Geoastronomy The Radio and Geoastronomy Division carries out a variety of research projects, primarily involving use of radio techniques. Part of this research involves astrochemistry, specifically carbon chain and ring molecules, which are important constituents of the interstellar medium. They include the largest known interstellar molecules and have been suggested as carriers of the diffuse interstellar bands, a long-standing unsolved prob- lem in astrophysics. Development of a Fourier transform microwave spectrometer of unprecedented sensitivity has led in the last year to the unambiguous detection and identifica- tion of 21 previously undetected carbon-bearing molecules, including C,H, C,H, HCN, and HC,;N. HC,,N has a molecular weight of 171 amu, more than twice that of glycine, the simplest amino acid. Several of these new molecules have since been found in circumstellar envelopes and molecular cloud cores. The long-standing problem of the registration of radio and infrared images of the Galactic Center region was solved by finding emission in the radio (SiO masers) and infrared (red 66 giant stars) from the same objects. The registration accuracy is 30 mas, sufficient to rule out all currently detected infrared point sources from collocation with Sgr A*, and to place strin- gent upper limits on the 2.2 1 flux density of Sgr A*¥. These results strongly constrain models of the emission from mas- sive black holes and in some cases require a significant reduc- tion in the model mass accretion rate. Until now, very few candidate protostars have shown kine- matic evidence of star-forming inward motions, based on the blueshift of their spectral-line profiles. This long-sought evidence of gravitational infall is considered much more con- clusive than the redness of the continuum spectrum, used to identify candidates. The most extensive survey to date of can- didate protostars was carried out recently in three molecular lines capable of showing blue-shifted “infall asymmetry.” Some 47 far-infrared and submillimeter sources within 400 pc were observed, revealing 15 sources that pass strict criteria for spectroscopic evidence of infall. The incidence of infall asym- metry in this survey increases dramatically with the redness of the continuum spectrum: The reddest “Class 0” sources show a much higher incidence of infall asymmetry than do the less red “Class I” sources. Solar and Stellar Physics The Solar and Stellar Physics Division uses mostly optical and infrared techniques to study properties of the Sun and stars. For the past few years, scientists in this Division have been developing an Advanced Fiber Optic Echelle (AFOE) spectrograph and applying it to extrasolar planet research and astroseismology. (The High Altitude Observatory is also a major collaborator.) Currently the AFOE is installed at the 1.5-m telescope at FLWO and is capable of measuring the radial velocity of Sun-like stars with a short-term precision of about I m/s (for astroseismology) and long-term accuracy (for exoplanet research) of about 8 m/s. SAO scientists recently discovered a Jupiter-mass planet in a near-circular orbit about the G2 V star i CrB, with a period of about 40 days and semi- major axis of about 0.23 AU. This discovery is important be- cause it helps fill the gap between solar-system-like giant planets and very close “hot Jupiters” like 51 Peg. Its circular orbit suggests that the planet was formed in a dissipative protoplanetary disk like the solar-system planets, and pre- sumably within the ice condensation zone beyond a few astronomical units. If so, how it came to be located at 0.23 AU 1s a mystery. The AFOE team is continuing to monitor about 100 Sun-like stars, and expects to find several additional extrasolar planets in the next year or so. The recently discovered Kuiper Belt object 1996 TL66 provides strong evidence that the Kuiper Belt consists of two dynamical components: objects in nearly circular orbits (the “Classical” Kuiper Belt) and objects in large, highly eccentric orbits (the “Scattered” Kuiper Belt). Thus far, known objects in the classical Kuiper Belt have orbits restricted to inside ~ 50 AU, including objects like Pluto that are in mean mo- tion resonances with Neptune. In contrast, as inferred from 1996 TL66, the scattered Kuiper Belt can extend at least as far as ~ 150 AU. From discovery statistics, CfA scientists and col- leagues elsewhere infer that the scattered Kuiper Belt consists of ~10,000 objects like TL66, with a total estimated mass of ~o.5 Mx. Although this mass estimate is uncertain by a fac- tor of several, there is no doubt that the solar system is substan- ually populated to the 200 AU range. The origin of the scattered Kuiper Belt is as yet uncertain, but a plausible hypothesis is that it consists of Uranus-Neptune region planetesimals scat- tered outward by planetary embryos, perhaps as part of the process that formed the Oort Cloud. It may then be possible, for the first time, to use direct observations to constrain the mass of the outer solar nebula and the mass of the Oort Cloud. By analogy with our solar system, dust disks around other stars might be generated by unseen Kuiper Belt objects. The Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on board the Solar Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) measured particle velocity distributions in the inner solar corona along lines of sight in polar coronal holes that correspond to unex- pectedly high kinetic temperatures. The observed properties can be understood only in terms of a physical process that heats and/or accelerates heavier ions more than lighter ones and preferentially in directions perpendicular to the magnetic field. Outflow speeds of coronal material were found to reach values of about 200 km/s at 2 solar radii from Sun center. Although the velocity distributions in equatorial streamers are not so broad as those found in coronal holes, their means are much higher than expected and they also display anisotro- pies, albeit at greater heights. It appears thar the ion-cyclotron process may also be important in those structures. Compari- sons of coordinated UVCS spectroscopy with white-light imagery and radio scintillation measurements show that the slow-speed solar wind flows from the tips of streamers, while the fast solar wind appears to fill the rest of the extended corona. An abundance depletion of heavy ions relative to photospheric values in streamers is consistent with depletions observed in the slow-speed wind. In addition, UVCS measure- ments of line intensities and profiles in coronal mass ejections are providing important diagnostics for detailed study of the physical and dynamical parameters of the ejected plasma. Theoretical Astrophysics The Theoretical Astrophysics Division engages in a broad range of research covering most topics of interest in astro- physics. One piece of work that caused much excitement was the development of a new method to analyze type Ia super- nova light curves that gives more accurate relative distances to galaxies than was previously possible. The estimate ob- tained for the Hubble Constant is 63 + 6 km/s/Mpc. The precise Hubble diagrams provided by this method have also been used to constrain the motion of the local group and, with sufficient future observations, promise to provide a meas- urement of the cosmic deceleration parameter. Theoretical studies of accretion disks show that, for suffi- ciently low accretion rates, inward advection can become more important than radiation as the energy transport mechanism, leading to what is called an advection-dominated flow. For an accretion disk around a black hole, this process may allow the energy generated in the flow to be swallowed by the hole before it can radiate away. Advection-dominated flows have been used to provide a natural explanation for the otherwise puzzling low X-ray luminosities from disks around some black hole candidates, for example, during the low states in X-ray transient sources. Conservation Analytical Laboratory Lambertus van Zelst, Director The Conservation Analytical Laboratory (CAL) is the Smithsonian’s specialized facility dedicated to research and training in the area of conservation, analysis, and technical study of museum collection and related materials. Conserva- tion and preservation research seeks to increase our under- standing of the mechanisms that affect the preservation of materials in museum collections, in order to formulate im- proved exhibit, storage, and other use conditions, as well as to develop, test, and improve treatment technology. In collections- based research, objects from museum collections and related materials are studied to increase their contextual information value and address questions in archaeology, art history, etc. Several of these research programs are conducted in collabora- tion with other institutions, notably the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg and the Carnegie Institution of Washington, where CAL staff can have access to special equipment not available within the Smithsonian Institution. Chemical characterization of archeological materials and the raw materials from which they were made serves to iden- tify objects with the source from which the raw material was procured. Thus, one may draw conclusions regarding trade and exchange patterns and political and economical relation- ships. For trace element characterization of ceramics, CAL researchers applied neutron activation analysis at a special facility maintained and operated in collaboration with NIST, in studies involving archaeological ceramics from various Maya and Southwest sites. International recognition of CAL's expertise in this field is reflected in its role in a new coordin- ated research program, sponsored by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), on Applications of Neutron Activa- uon Analysis in Latin American Archaeological Research. Seven research teams from six Latin American countries partici- pate in this three-year program, with CAL providing coordination in research design, analytical protocols, and standardization. Other CAL researchers used lead isotope analysis to characterize the metal ore sources for traditional Nigerian bronzes. In studies of historic and prehistoric tech- 67 nologies, researchers focused on the technology of Far Eastern ceramic glazes. In the biogeochemistry program, CAL researchers study ar- chaeological and paleological organic materials to extract and identify biomolecular information, including markers for dietary habits, disease patterns, and genetic relationships. Work continued on a number of projects, including the study of preservation of biomolecular information in archaeological and paleological skeletal material. In the research on preservation of natural history specimens, work centered around specimens stored in liquid preservatives. The influence of formalin fixing on the recovery of DNA from such museum specimens is now better under- stood, and protocols for such specimens, especially successful for those that have been preserved using alcohol only, have been developed. Several museum collections preserved using different protocols have been sampled for a statistical evalua- tion of recovery potentials. Meanwhile a new project was started in which the preservation of light-element isotopic information, essential in such studies as ecological stressed systems, in her- barium specimens is evaluated. CALs education programs address the needs a wide variety of constituencies, ranging from professional training for con- servators and other museum professionals to outreach and in- formation programs for high school and college students and the general public. The Furniture Conservation Training Pro- gram (FCTP) continued the training of the class of 2000. However, programmatic evaluation has led to a decision to reformat the program after the graduation of the present class, to address the needs of a wider audience. In the archaeological conservation training program, two conservators, recently graduated from one of the graduate school training programs, completed one-year fellowships during which they received practical training and field experience at two different archaeological sites in the Near East and Central America, as well as laboratory experience at CAL. RELACT, the training program for managers of paper-based archival research collections, organized several workshops/seminars for a large audience of Smithsonian staff and coordinated demonstration projects within various Institutional research collections. “The Preservation of Imdgenes: Hispanic American Religious Images on Wood” was a workshop organized by CAL that attracted a large and wide-ranging audience, in- cluding curators, conservators, collectors, and artists. The enormous success of this workshop, which addressed specific preservation needs connected with a continuing cultural tradi- tion of Hispanic Americans, led co plans for follow-up events outside Washington, including the Southwest and Puerto Rico. In the collaborative program with the Suitland High School, a local magnet school for the arts, CAL staff continued to develop and test materials for eventual inclusion in a high school curriculum for an interdisciplinary arts and science course (Science Teaching Art Teaching Science). 68 In the technical information program, CAL continued to provide technical advice and expertise on preservation-related subjects in answer to questions received from museum profes- sionals as well as the general public. An important mechanism for educating the general public in preservation is- sues is provided with the “Guidelines” that, intended for dis- tribution to a wide audience, provide background information and tips on the care and maintenance of a variety of collec- tibles. In this respect, CAL's regularly updated Internet web page also continues to serve an essential role. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Ira Rubinoff, Director During FY 97, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) based in the Republic of Panama, continued its efforts to increase our understanding of tropical nature and peoples and to communicate this knowledge internationally. To carry out its mission, STRI operates tropical forest and marine field stations, well-equipped laboratories, a research vessel, and a major tropical sciences library. These facilities support the work of 35 staff scientists and hundreds of visiting researchers and students that in FY 97 came from around the world. STRI also reached out to various audiences this year through its educational and public programs. STRI's new Center for Tropical Paleoecology and Archaeology (CTPA) was officially dedicated on January 30 by Panamanian Minister of Foreign Relations Ricardo Arias and SI Provost Dennis O'Connor. A renovated 1919 building that originally housed all of STRI, this facilicry brought together researchers studying tropical environments and climate, as early as 20 million years ago, and including the advent of human coloni- zation of the New World tropics. At this event, Provost O'Connor presented STRI senior scientist Jeremy B.C. Jackson, CTPA director, with the Secretary's Exceptional Service Gold Medal for his scientific accomplishments at the Smithsonian. During the month of January, STRI hosted two courses at its Gamboa Education Facility. Thirty students from Prince- ton University participated in a tropical ecology three-week course that included lectures and field trips led by members of the STRI staff. Thirty participants from Panama and other countries in Central America took part in a course that focused on environmental monitoring techniques and was con- ducted as part of SI’s Man and the Biosphere Program. The course was sponsored by STRI’s Office of External Affairs in collaboration with Panama's Natural Resources Institute and the Fundaci6n NATURA. Specialists gathered ar STRI’s Earl S. Tupper Research and Conference Center for various scientific conferences on topics related to the Institute's areas of expertise. From March 10 through 13 the United National Programme for the Environ- ment and STRI cohosted a conference on canopy research. The meeting brought together researchers from the seven canopy research projects worldwide who formed a network for com- parisons among sites. From March 16 through 22, specialists attended the Meeting of the 8th International Council of Zooarchaeology held at STRI. Thanks to a donation from the government of Denmark, STRI installed a second crane in very wet forest on the Carib- bean side of the Panamanian isthmus. The crane was visited by Panamanian president Ernesto Perez Balladares and mem- bers of his cabinet on May 9 as part of a seminar on environ- mental issues for decision-makers organized by CEASPA and funded by the Agency for International Development. As part of the International Year of the Reef, the STRI bilingual exhibition “Our Reefs: Caribbean Connections” began its travels in February, opening for three months at the Miami International Airport, supported by Dade County, later travelling to Washington, D.C., where it was on display at the headquarters of the InterAmerican Bank and at Union Station, thanks to the Henry Foundation. With support for the Corporacién Panamefia de Aviacién (COPA), the exhibi- tion started its Caribbean tour in July, opening at the San Pedro Sula Airport in Honduras, hosted by the Honduran Coral Reef Fund. The original laboratory building on STRI’s Barro Colorado Island biological reserve was renovated as a visitor center with support from the Fundaci6n NATURA, the Robert E. Silber- glied Memorial Fund, and the Eugene Eisenmann Fund. The center was dedicated to the memory of the late Martin H. Moynihan, STRI's first director. A new permanent exhibition, “The Forest Speaks,” opened in June 1997 at the visitor center and features the island’s history and current research. Another of STRI’s outreach efforts, its Marine Exhibition Center, a partnership with the Fundacién Smithsonian de Panama, received more than 60,000 visitors this fiscal year. From March through September 1997, the Center, located at very close proximity to STRI’s Naos Marine Laboratories, featured the temporary bilingual exhibit: “Harnessing the Forces of Nature,” developed by the Panama Canal Commission. The exhibit: “Insects: Friends and Foes” was on display at the Earl S. Tupper Exhibit Hall and was visited by hundreds of schoolchildren. The exhibit highlights Panama's insect biodiversity and included some live specimens of cave roaches. STRI created what can be described as a stationary exhibit using the latest in Internet technology. STRI’s World Wide Web site is STRI’s way of taking advantage of the Internet to communicate what it has to offer to anywhere in the world. A major accomplishment this year was the signing of an agreement on June 20, 1997, by Panamanian Foreign Relation’s Minister Ricardo Alberto Arias and STRI director Ira Rubinoff that ensures that STRI operations will continue beyond the termination of the Panama Canal Treaty on December 31, 1999. STRI was visited this year by U.S. White House Fellows, several Panamanian legislative committees, members of the U.S. Congress, Alan Alda and Mariel Hemingway, who hosted documentaries about STRI, and Latin American writer Mario Vargas Llosa, among many others. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Ross B. Simons, Acting Director 1997 was a year of transition for the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC), with longtime Director David Correll returning to his research and the appointment of Ross Simons as Acting Director. Dr. Correll’s tenure as Director witnessed an impressive period of growth in both research and education SERC, which was capped by the opening of the new Philip D. Reed Education Center. SERC, during the period of Dr. Correll’s leadership, expanded its research focus from the linked eco- systems of the Rhode River watershed to become an inter- national facility for studying landscape processes throughout the world. The entire SERC staff participated ina series of reviews late in the year to set the course for SERC's progress in research and education over the next decade. A team of outside reviewers, led by Dr. Paul Risser, President of Oregon State University, reaffirmed SERC’s international leadership as a center devoted to the increase of knowledge of the biological and physical processes that sustain life on Earth. The staff played important leadership positions in a host of ecological research areas, and certain staff were recognized for their work by appointment to prestigious positions. For example, Dr. Dennis Whigham has been appointed a Bullard Fellow at Harvard University and a Professor of Landscape Ecology at Utrecht University in The Netherlands. Research produc- tivity remained high, and SERC's work was increasingly linked to societal issues ranging from global climate to in- vasive species research. Educational efforts were expanded with the opening of the Reed Center, and greater constitu- encies in the Baltimore-Washington megalopolis were served. External grant and contract activities, a mainstay of SERC’s program, continued at an all-time high, reflecting the con- fidence of peer reviewers in the high quality of SERC re- search. These funds are being increasingly supplemented by support from the private philanthropic sector. Management also was aided by a series of studies from the firm of KPMG Peat Marwick, which assured the continued financial security of SERC. SERC's new external Advisory Board met several times during the year and provided positive and steady guidance as SERC moves toward the new millennium. Notable accomplishments of 1997, described below, reflect SERC's emphasis on studying the large-scale environmental 69 impacts of human activities and the changing face of landscapes. Recent depletion of stratospheric ozone has increased the penetration of ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation to the Earth's surface. Measuring the intensity and ecological effects of UV radiation is the focus of SERC's photobiology laboratory, directed by Dr. Patrick Neale. Working in the Rhode River and in Antarctica (where the world’s largest increases in UV were found), SERC made a number of new discoveries this year. Year-round studies at the Rhode River were the first to measure the seasonal variation of UV sensitivity in marine phytoplankton. Related research showed that species of planktonic dinoflagellates produce UV-absorbing compounds that protect their photosynthetic systems from UV damage and that UV inhibition of photosynthesis is continuously com- pensated by repair processes. Studies in Antarctica revealed that UV has greater effects on enzymes of carbon assimilation than on photosynthetic photochemistry for McMurdo Sound diatoms. Observations from the Weddell-Scotia Sea (An- tarctica) showed that UV sensitivity is correlated with hydrographic characteristics (deeper mixed diatoms are more sensitive to UV). Models of the effects of ozone depletion on the productivity of Weddell-Scotia Sea under varying mixing conditions showed that the greatest loss of productivity (on an areal basis) is when there is a moderate amount of mixing (mixing depth is comparable to light penetration depth). During 1997 SERC also initiated the first study of UV effects on photosynthesis in Arctic kelp species. SERC continued to advance the development of instruments to monitor changes in UV radiation throughout the world. SERC completed’ con- struction of 11 18-channel (SR-18) UV-B spectroradiometers and, jointly with the National Institute of Standards and Testing, set up a three-site UV-monitoring network to sup- port studies of solar UV degradation of materials. SERC also measured UV spectral transmission in Chesapeake Bay and Indian River Lagoon, Florida. Increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide are expected to cause unprecedented changes in climate and ecosystems around the world. A SERC study directed by Dr. Bert Drake established a site at the Kennedy Space Center for the study of the effects of elevated CO, on a scrub-oak ecosystem. Sixteen large open-top chambers enclose sections of forest allowing experimental enrichment of CO, concentrations. Preliminary results indicate that elevated CO, increases photosynthesis, root and shoot growth, and soil water content. In addition, vegetation grown under elevated CO, is less nutritious for herbivorous insects. SERC has also obtained continued fund- ing to determine the fate of carbon accumulating ina salt marsh as a result of long-term experimental exposure to elevated CO). Nonindigenous species are invading the world’s coastal waters at accelerating rates due to transport of marine or- ganisms in ballast water of cargo ships. Such invasions may have devastating ecological consequences. SERC’s Invasions Biology Program, headed by Drs. Gregory Ruiz and Anson whe) “Tuck” Hines, is comparing the patterns and impacts of species introductions in coastal ecosystems in the Chesapeake Bay, Florida, central California, and Alaska. SERC samples marine organisms in the ballast water of ships arriving to the Chesapeake Bay and Prince William Sound (Alaska) and studies patterns of species invasions in both sites. In addition, SERC has implemented a national program with the U.S. Coast Guard that will survey every vessel arriving to each U.S. port from a foreign port to determine the amount of ballast water they deliver and whether they have undergone oceanic exchange to reduce the density of alien coastal organisms. This will continue for two to five years and will provide a direct measure of ballast water supply and changes over time to every port system in the country—upon this background, SERC plans to test for changes in the rates of invasion at mul- tiple sites. Another collaborative project measures the effects of the recent European green crab invasion on native biota in Australia. This will be compared directly to similar ongoing SERC studies of invasions by this crab in California and Massachusetts. Mainly through agriculture, humans have drastically in- creased the availability of the plant nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus. This has led to increased discharge of nutrients into coastal waters causing excessive growth of phytoplankton with deleterious effects on coastal ecosystems. In the Chesapeake Bay, excessive phytoplankton production con- tributed to the death of submersed aquatic vegetation and the depletion of dissolved oxygen. In addition, recent outbreaks of toxic plankton such as Pfiesteria in Chesapeake Bay may have been fostered by elevated nutrient levels. SERC scientists Drs. Thomas Jordan, Donald Weller, and David Correll are investigating the factors that control discharge of nutrients from watersheds in different physiographic provinces through- out the Chesapeake Bay drainage basin. Nitrogen discharge increases with the proportion of cropland in the watershed. However, the study also revealed the importance of the charac- teristics of water flow from the watershed. Watersheds with steady flowing streams, indicating a dominance of groundwater flow, tend to release more nitrate and less or- ganic nitrogen and organic carbon than do watersheds where stream flow is more uneven. This finding provides a basis for predicting the nutrient releases by watersheds and suggests the importance of soil permeability. Nutrient releases may be intercepted by riparian (streamside) forests or wetlands. Another study by Jordan, Weller, and Correll is investigating whether uptake of nitrogen in riparian forests is due to the ac- tion of soil bacteria that convert nitrogen to gaseous forms that are released to the atmosphere. Yet another study by Drs. Dennis Whigham and Thomas Jordan measures uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by restored wetlands that capture runoff from crop fields. These studies are very relevant to land use planning aimed at reducing nutrient pollution. SERC's home research site on the Rhode River is being used as a model system for investigating the responses of phytoplankton to nutrient releases from the watershed. Analysis of a 9-year record on the magnitude and timing of phytoplankton spring blooms in the Rhode River, Maryland, a subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay, showed a wide range of variability. In some years there were blooms of exceptional magnitude, and in other years the bloom did not occur at all. SERC microbial ecologist Dr. Charles Gallegos developed a mathematical model taht gave a good representation of average conditions and that was able to reproduce the wide range of bloom magnitudes actually observed. Application of the model showed that blooms could be prevented either by low rates of phosphorus release from sediments in the Rhode River or by low inputs of nitrogen from the Susquehanna River, the main source of fresh water to the upper Chesapeake Bay. Future research will attempt to discover factors that cause the interannual variability in phosphorus release rates from local sediments. Large-scale changes of land use by humans have had enor- mous impacts on wildlife habitats around the world. SERC ecologist Dr. James Lynch recently initiated a study of the effects of natural and anthropogenic disturbance (livestock grazing and browsing) on birds at the Mpala Research Centre in Kenya. Lynch was also appointed Smithsonian’s representa- tive on the Research Advisory Board for Mpala, which is run by an international consortium with Smithsonian leadership. The need to understand ecological processes at large spatial scales has stimulated a quest for new methods of observation. SERC's forest canopy laboratory, directed by Dr. Geoffrey “Jess” Parker, tested a National Aeronautics and Space Ad- ministration instrument that probes the internal structure of canopies with laser beams. The aircraft-borne instrument, known as SLICER (Scanning Lidar Imager of Canopies by Echo Recovery) scanned four different types of forests near SERC. Parker compared the airborne observations with simul- taneous ground-based observations. Beyond testing the instru- ment, an additional study showed that information gathered by SLICER on internal canopy structure, which is invisible to other remote sensing devices, can be used to infer productive capacity, complexity, and developmental stage of forests. Fur- ther work by Parker in old-growth forests of the Pacific Northwest, demonstrated that SLICER also gives information about the pattern of light absorption in the canopy. Following on this success, other versions of the instrument have been developed, have flown on the space shuttle, and are being readied for a satellite mission. The education program at SERC entered a new era of public service with the opening of the Philip D. Reed Educa- tion Center. Although the official dedication of the Reed Cen- ter did not take place until October 1997, school groups from Washington, D.C., Maryland, and Virginia began arriving in April to participate in a variety of outdoor education programs. Using fish nets, water sampling equipment, crab traps, canoes, and boats, students and teachers explore the Rhode River estuary as a representative ecosystem for the greater Chesapeake Bay. Nature trails, including the Java History Trail, explain about land use and the environmental history of the property spanning 1,500 years. The Reed Center contains a large multipurpose classroom, teacher resource library, exhibit hall, and office. Approximately 10,000 students, teachers, and professionals will visit SERC in the following year and participate in ecology education. During the summer of 1997, SERC Education Staff have offered a number of teacher workshops including a two-day - intensive hands-on experience for deaf teachers from Gallaudet University. This was the fourth year for Gallaudet’s Summer Institute in Biology in which SERC played a major role in developing and leading aquatic and terrestrial programs. Cooperative teacher and student programs are continuing to be organized with the Living Classrooms Foundation, MD Dept. of Natural Resources, Chesapeake Bay Foundation, Dis- covery Creek Children’s Museum of Washington, as well as the National Museum of American History, National Portrait Gallery, National Zoo, and National Museum of Natural History. An innovative traveling exhibition that illustrates the ecology of the blue crab was produced with the help of volunteers, teachers, interns, and students. “A Gripping Tale of the Blue Crab” travels to Washington, D.C.-area schools that helps teachers show interactions and life cycles of blue crabs found in the Chesapeake Bay. The exhibit also explains current re- search conducted in the “CrabLab” at SERC. A teacher's manual and instruction materials accompany the exhibit, which remains at a school for one month. Center for Museum Studies Rex M. Ellis, Director The Center for Museum Studies (CMS) is an outreach office of the Smithsonian that helps museums fulfill their public- service mission. Each year the center offers the museum community a series of workshops and seminars, fellowships, internships. and museology advice and information services. The center’s programming places special emphasis on the needs of small, emerging, rural, and culturally/ethnically specific museums. This emphasis continues the center’s long- standing tradition of fostering cultural diversity within the museum profession. Programmatic initiatives, such as the Awards for Museum Leadership seminar, the American Indian Museum Studies program, and the Latino Graduate Training Serninar, contribute to this effort. CMS also continues to serve as the Institution’s Intern Services office, providing registra- tion and orientation to approximately 700 interns each year and acting as their advocate for professional development and enhancement while in the Smithsonian community. Two new programs were begun during 1997, and sig- nificant planning efforts went toward a third major initiative that is to commence early in fiscal year 1998. The center also 71 started a new publication during the year and copublished a book with the American Association of Museums. The center's American Indian Museum Studies Program, managed by Karen Coody Cooper, created the Museum Development Award Program in 1997 and selected the People’s Center of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes in Pablo, Montana, as its first recipient. The yearlong program provided consultations, expert assistance, informa- tion, and staff training and development to the museum's staff to address self-identified problem areas. The Rockefeller Foundation awarded two grants to CMS to implement a three-year program, “Humanities Fellowships in Latino Cultural Research in a National Museum Context: - Issues of Representation and Interpretation.” Magdalena Mieri, Museum Programs Specialist at the center, will coordinate the program. During the first year of the program, 1998, one senior scholar, two junior scholars, and two short-term visitors will be in residence at the National Museum of American Art. During the year CMS agreed to partner with Montgomery Community College in the development of the Montgomery College Humanities Institute. Montgomery College sought the support of a National Endowment for the Humanities Challenge Grant to create this institute. (Funding came through in early FY 1998.) Incorporating faculty seminars and fellowships as well as internships for Montgomery College students, this partnership will facilitate access to staff, collec- tions, and other resources at the Smithsonian. The partnership also represents a ground-breaking commitment to working with the community college education sector. CMS and the American Association of Museums published the proceedings from the September 1996 symposium, “Museums for the New Millennium.” During the year the center also began publication of “CMS Reports to the Smithson- ian,” a semi-annual newsletter for Smithsonian staff. Major initiatives in 1997 for the ongoing services of CMS were electronic outreach, increased programming for the Latino community, and intern services. Under the coordination of the center’s Communication Manager, Bruce Craig, CMS expanded its electronic outreach services, putting the complete text of Internship Opportunities at the Smithsonian Institution online, making applications to center programming available on the World Wide Web, and contin- uing to host a popular interactive museum careers resource area on America Online. The center also continued to enhance the website for the virtual symposium, “Museums for the New Millennium.” During the year Nancy Fuller, Research Manager at the center, began planning the first “virtual” workshop, based on the World Wide Web. The center’s services to Latino communities, under the co- ordination of Magdalena Mieri, continued this year with the annual seminar, “Interpreting Latino Cultures: Research and Museums,” cosponsored with the Inter-University Program for Latino Research. Fifteen Latina/Latino Ph.D. candidates participated in the two week program, held June 16 through 27. Highlights of this year’s seminar were discussions on is- 72 sues of Latino identity and representation and current issues in Latino art. Following the seminar, three participants were selected to participate in the Graduate Student Fellowships in Latino Studies. The Museum Intern Partnership Program, under the co- ordination of Elena Mayberry, Intern Services Coordinator, promotes professional growth and development of students from culturally diverse backgrounds, assists smaller museums around the country, and strengthens Smithsonian staff con- tacts throughout the museum community. Pennsylvania State University joined the program this year with a partnership between that university’s Matson Museum of Anthropology and the National Museum of Natural History, Department of Anthropology—Arctic Studies Center. Jane LeGros, a junior at Penn State, interned with this project. The Vincenc Wilkin- son endowment provides support for African American stu- dents in the Museum Intern Partnership Program. This year two Vincent Wilkinson intern partnerships took place. The first partnership was between the National Museum of American History’s Program in African American Culture and the Great Plains Black Museum in Omaha, NE; Maureen Kelly, a student at Creighton University interned with this partnership. The second partnership was between the Nation- al Museum of African Art and Spelman College Museum of Fine Art in Atlanta, GA; Melinda Lewis, a junior at Spelman, interned with this project. Intern Services sponsored the 17th annual Museum Careers Seminar during July. The program provided an overview of the museum field, roundtable discussions with various profes- sionals, workshops on resume writing and tips on applying for federal jobs. Intern Services also coordinated the Smithson- ian’s annual Intern Ice Cream Social, held this year on June 26. Ben and Jerry’s contributed 15 gallons of ice cream, top- pings, and manpower for the event. The American Indian Museum Studies program sponsored three museum practice workshops this year: “Managing a Small Museum,” hosted by the San Carlos Apache Cultural Center in Peridot, AZ; “Archival Research Methods,” cospon- sored by the National Museum of the American Indian and held in Washington, D.C.; and “Basic Collections Care,” hosted by the Mille Lac Indian Museum in Onamia, MN. The program also developed Tribal Museum Directory with listings of more than 200 tribally controlled museums in the United States. Bettie Lee, Curriculum Coordinator for the center assumed responsibility for the center’s workshop series and coordinated “Introduction to the Management of Museum Collections,” held September 15 through 19. Seventeen museum staffers from around the country and South Africa attended the pro- gram, which featured classroom instruction and behind-the- scenes tours of several Smithsonian facilities. The Awards for Museum Leadership seminar, held this year on March 17 through 21, offered participants from museums around the country a variety of management and professional development tools to promote increased cultural diversity in the leadership of museums. Magdalena Mieri coordinated the program. Highlights of this year’s program were sessions on diversity in the workforce, leadership skills, and developing partnerships and collaborations. The Fellowships in Museum Practice program, managed by Nancy Fuller, awarded fellowships this year to museum re- searchers from Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Re- search topics included repatriation, indigenous museology, human resource issues, and public programming. The center broadened its international programming in 1997 with workshops and consultations in Argentina, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Rex Ellis, Director of the center, traveled to South Africa with other Smithsonian staff to give presentations at the South African Museums Association (SAMA) annual meeting and to consult with the South African government’s Department of Arts, Culture, Science, and Tech- nology on its initiative to begin a National Heritage Training Institute. The visit also created a reciprocal learning oppor- tunity for South African museum personnel. In June, Deirdre Prins, an educator at Robben Island, visited rhe center to re- search education outreach programs at the Smithsonian. The “Training Course on Preventive Conservation and Ex- hibition Design” was a collaborative effort becween the center and two institutions based in Argentina: the Fundacion An- torchas and the University of Buenos Aires. Hosted this year by the university's Museo Etnografico “Juan B. Ambrosetti,” this professional development training project, coordinated by Magdalena Mieri, is designed to ensure that the cultural patrimony of South American museums will not disappear as a result of neglect or lack of resources. The course is also in- tended to build bridges of collaboration among institutions and museum professionals in South America. Smithsonian staff and Argentinean museum personnel serve as faculty. Nancy Fuller developed and led museum practice workshops for museums in Zimbabwe, as part of the SI’s tsoth Birthday— International Speakers Tour. Topics included collections manage- ment, community relations, and museum management. Rex Ellis and Nancy Fuller also attended ceremonies and programming in Paris commemorating the soth anniversary of the International Council of Museums. At the beginning of the fiscal year, Nancy Fuller and Bruce Craig attended the annual meeting of ICOM'’s International Committee on the Training of Personnel, held in Lubbock, TX; at the end of the fiscal year, Fuller attended the next annual ICTOP meeting, held in Berlin. Office of Exhibits Central Michael Headley, Director The Office of Exhibits Central (OEC) is one of the Smith- sonian Institution’s largest and most comprehensive exhibit producers, experienced in permanent installations, as well as traveling and temporary exhibitions. In 1997 OEC accepted more than 100 projects, large and small, for nearly every museum, office, and research program in the Institution. OEC services include consultation, design, editing, graphic production, matting and framing, exhibit fabrication, model- making, gallery lighting, exhibit installation, and artifact handling, bracketing, and packing. OEC’s staff of more than 40 are also involved in training, conservation assistance, and prototype testing. The staff's creativity and client-service orientation have earned OEC a reputation for exhibits that meet the highest standards of educational effectiveness and accessibility. Responding to an Institutional emphasis on creative partnerships, OEC has begun offering clients more diverse services that make use of its staff's unique talents. The office’s services and activities in 1997 fell into the following categories. Consultation OEC staff participated more extensively than ever in the earliest phases of exhibit development, reviewing proposals and help- ing shape broad outlines and design parameters for planned exhibitions. This has yielded three distinct advantages: 1) OEC’s experience in designing and producing exhibits along with its ability to envision the physical realization of ideas allow it co alert clients to necessary redirections and potential pitfalls. Time and again this has headed off costly mistakes. 2) Having an advance package or plan often enables clients to more clearly and tangibly demonstrate the merits of a particular exhibition to potential partners, donors, and partners. 3) In light of the hundreds of requests OEC receives each year, having the option of offering consultation services permits OEC to provide cost-saving services to SI exhibitors even when the office is unable to take on additional design or production. Examples of this aspect of OEC’s services include concep- tual development toward the development of an exhibition about the Burgess Shale in collaboration with the Smith- sonian Traveling Exhibition Service (SITES) and National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) paleobiology curator Doug Erwin. Working with SITES and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), OEC reconceptualized STRI's Coral Reefs exhibition and prepared a drawings pack- age for use in fundraising for the new exhibition. OEC recon- figured S7mzthson’s Gift in the SI Building for permanent presentation after the Isoth anniversary year. OEC provided extensive consultation to the Office of Horticulture on its Or- chids of the World exhibition, which opens in the Ripley Center in January 1988. OEC also provided design consultation on the SI Mace. Design, Editing, and Graphics As experts in traveling exhibits, OEC’s diverse staff of ex- hibits specialists are sensitive to the need for making exhibits 73 attractive and “user friendly” co different audiences and differ- ent exhibitors. Staff collaborate with curators and other project team members to ensure that text, design, objects, and graphics work together to create a cohesive, informative presentation. SITES continues to be OEC’s major client. OEC designed, edited, and produced numerous SITES exhibitions, including The Flag in American Indian Art. We Shall Overcome: Photographs from America’s Civil Rights Eva, The Art of Jack Delano, and Women and Flight. (OEC staff responsible for The Art of Jack Delano. an exhibition about documentary photographer Jack Delano's portraits of the life and people of Puerto Rico, traveled to Old San Juan to consult with Banco Popular, the exhibition's sponsor and first venue. Women and Flight required close collaboration with the National Air and Space Museum, which was the exhibition's first venue.) OEC developed new uses for the small-exhibition format (which it designed in 1995 in collaboration with SITES and the State Humanities Council). One example is the Barn Again! exhibition in collaboration with SITES. The four copies OEC prepared of Barn Again! are giving underserved communities affordable access to an exhibition about barn- building in the United States. Another example, a collabora- tive effort with SITES and the NMNH, is Vanishing Amphibians, which offers a general scientific overview of the world’s frog population as well as an appeal for conservation. OEC has begun consulting with STRI about developing a Spanish traveling version of the exhibition. Other exhibits OEC has considered for adaptation to the small-exhibition format are the SITES exhibitions The Jazz Age in Paris, 1914-1940 and Mar- oon Cultures (to be adapted from a Folklife Festival presentation). OEC'’s collaboration with NMAH continued with develop- ment, design, and editing services for Between a Rock and a Hard Place: A History of American Sweatshops, 1820—Present, one of an ongoing program of NMAH exhibitions on the history of work. Drawing on its extensive experience with traveling exhibitions, OEC also advised NMAH staff on the traveling aspects of the show, which represents NMAH''s first traveling exhibition under its own auspices. OEC continued to provide exhibition support to the Smith- sonian International Gallery (IG). For American Voices: Latino Photographers in the United States, OEC worked with an outside registrar and outside designers, oversaw design and fabrication contracts, edited and produced graphic panels, and installed the exhibition. Other IG projects that required OEC development and production were Strong Hearts and The Jewels of Lalique. OEC worked with a relatively new client—the Center for African American History and Culture (CAAHC)—on a number of exhibition projects in its Arts and Industries Building exhibit space. These included Life on the Road: The Photographs of Milt Hin- ton, Caribbean Visions, and The Jazz Age in Paris, 1914-1940. OEC continued to provide a full range of exhibition services— from conceptual development to design, production, and installation—for SI Libraries’ Dibner Library exhibition gal- lery. For Audubon and the Smithsonian, the OEC design/editing team worked closely with NMAH curator Helena Wright and 74 the SI Libraries to establish a focus and framework for chis multilayered exhibition. The exhibition garnered positive media coverage, including a full-page review with color photograph in Tzme magazine. OEC developed, designed, and prepared promotional signage for the Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception Center (VIARC) desk in the SI Building. It also redesigned the VIARC main desk in the SI Building to accommodate visitors in wheelchairs. Modelmaking The opening of the Janet Annenberg Hooker Hall of Geology, Gems, and Minerals at NMNH capped a two-and-a-half-year OEC modelmaking effort. Major modelmaking components of the renovated space include three full-size dioramas of mines in Arizona, Missouri, and Virginia; a Coyote Creek Fault trench peel and model; a model of a pyroplastic flow from Crater Lake; a recreation of a San Diego tourmaline pocket; and an eight-foot-diameter model of the Moon. OEC’s work was based on extensive on-site research, photographs, sketches, and ongoing experimentation with modelmaking materials and techniques. OEC also worked with the Special Exhibits office at NMNH and curatorial staff to design the Feather Focus case for the NMNH lobby. OEC managers met with representatives of the U.S. Holo- caust Memorial Museum to discuss the prospect of providing modelmaking and graphic production services. OEC agreed to create reproductions of an armband and a desk calendar, both belonging to the police in the Jewish ghetto of Kovno, Lithuania, and which will appear in an upcoming exhibition. Fabrication OEC oversaw the installation of American Voices: Latino Photog- raphers in the United States and Strong Hearts (IG); Women and Flight (NASM); Audubon and the Smithsonian (Dibner Library, NMAH)); Life on the Road: The Photographs of Milt Hinton, Caribbean Visions: Contemporary Painting and Sculpture, and The Jazz Age in Parts, 1914—1940 (all at the Arts and Industries Building); and Yup'zk Masks (George Gustav Heye Center of the National Museum of the American Indian in New York City; OEC also built large exhibit cases for this exhibition). Exchange/Outreach/Training Programs Staff trained various museum personnel throughout the In- stitution in methods of designing and producing high- quality, low-cost, accessible exhibits. Among continuing work was training staff from the MOVE department at NMNH in objects processing, handling, and shipping as well as design and fabrication of crates to assist in their move to the SI Museum Support Center in Suitland, Md. As part of its program of educational outreach, OEC con- tinued to train volunteers and interns from all over the United States and abroad. Two retired government employees working as VIARC volunteers helped OEC develop a formula for recouping accounting stock charges; OEC expects to recover approximately $20,000 annually from this new system. Working with Vera Hyatt, Program Director for African/Caribbean Programs of the Office of International Relations, OEC continued to engage in exchange with the Cape Coast Castle Museum project in Cape Coast, Ghana. OEC staff traveled to Ghana to share expertise in exhibit production techniques, and Cape Coast staff interns spent several months at OEC garnering experience in exhibit design and production. OEC worked with Jon Weinberg from the South African National Gallery in Cape Town, South Africa, as part of the office’s mandate of outreach in training in exhibit processes and techniques. The arrangement was intended to lay the groundwork for a future Folklife Festival program as well as for the development of a national support organization akin to OEC/SITES that would service South Africa’s national museum network. Through the offices of Miguel Bretos, Counselor to the Secretary/Community Affairs and Special Projects, and Olivia Cadaval of the Center for Folklife Program and Cultural Studies, OEC advised the Washington, D.C., Latino American Youth Center on design and development of an exhibition gallery and inaugural exhibition. This was part of an ongoing partnership with the Center; an earlier program featured OEC assisting teen mothers to produce an exhibition about themselves. Staff continued to be active participants in museum-related professional organizations and activities. Senior exhibits editor Diana Cohen Altman served on the “Models of Collaboration” panel that was part of the Institution’s “Dialogue II: What About Diffusion?” conference in March. She also served as chair for a ses- sion at the 1997 American Association of Museums’ annual meet- ing in Atlanta. Moderated by Marc Pachter, Counselor to the Secretary for Electronic Communications and Special Projects, the session was entitled “Making It Real Compared to What: Physical Exhibits and On-Line Exhibits.” Miscellaneous Services Throughout the year, numerous Institution bureaus benefited from OEC'’s flexibility and ability to provide quick curn- around on various projects. These assignments were as diverse as poster matting and framing for the Office of the Secretary to design and production of fund-raising plaques for the Smithsonian Early Enrichment Center to writing, designing, and producing materials for the 1998 Unsung Heroes Awards for the Smithsonian Community Committee. Office of Fellowships and Grants Roberta W. Rubinoff, Director The Office of Fellowships and Grants supports and enhances research at the Institution, throughout the nation, and over- seas by the facilitating Smithsonian’s scholarly interactions with students and scholars at universities, museums, and other research institutions around the world. The office manages centralized fellowships and internships and admin- isters all stipend appointments, which are a vital element of the Smithsonian’s educational role. In addition, competitive grant programs providing scholarly support for Smithsonian professional staff are also administered by this office. Each year, more than 800 students and scholars from universities, museums, and research organizations from the United States and abroad come to the Smithsonian to use its collections and facilities. These awards included stipends for visiting scholars and students, internships and short-term travel grants. Seventy seven awards were made through the Smithsonian Institution Fellowship Program. Participants ranged from distinguished scholars and scien- tists to graduate and undergraduate students. Postdoctoral fel- low Stephen Insley, for example, came from the University of California, Davis, to study competition, cooperation, and the evolution of complex communication in northern fur seals at the National Zoological Park. In the Smithsonian Museum Shops, graduate student Cesar Bocachica from the University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, analyzed current marketing programs during his James E. Webb Internship. Molly Senior, an undergraduate intern from Bemidji State University, Min- nesota, helped develop a book of photographs and poetry at the National Museum of the American Indian under the Native American Program. National Science Resources Center Douglas Lapp, Executive Director The NSRC, operated jointly by the Smithsonian Institution and the National Academy of Sciences, collects and dissemi- nates information about science teaching resources, develops innovative science curriculum materials, and sponsors activities to help teachers and school district administrators develop and sustain effective hands-on science programs. The NSRC advocates an inquiry-centered, hands-on approach to science education. In inquiry-centered science, students learn to ask questions, gather information, develop theories, plan and carry out investigations, and communicate their ideas. Scien- tists and engineers from academia and the business com- munity, as well as educators, play a strong role in the development and implementation of NSRC programs. Knowledgeable, committed leaders are needed to improve the quality of science education in our nation’s school dis- tricts. In response to this need, the NSRC hosted two K-8 Science Education Leadership Institutes in June and July 1997. At these leadership institutes, teams of teachers, school administrators, and scientists worked with nationally recog- nized experts to develop plans for implementing an inquiry- 75 centered science curriculum in their communities. The 1997 leadership institutes brought together 29 teams from school systems in I5 states, Puerto Rico, and Sweden. The U.S. teams represented 46 school districts that serve more than 800,000 K-8 students. Since 1989, 240 teams representing school dis- tricts with more than 6 million K-8 schoolchildren have par- ticipated in the leadership institutes. Science for All Children: A Guide to Improving Elementary Science Education in Your School District was published in Jan- uary 1997. This book describes strategies for implementing an inquiry-based science education program at the elementary school level. It presents the five elements of the NSRC model for systemic science education reform and profiles eight school districts chat have created successful elementary science programs. The NSRC has received a grant from the Bayer Foundation to produce a videotape to accompany this book. In 1997 the NSRC received a one-year planning grant from the National Science Foundation to develop a strategy for reforming K-8 science education through regional partner- ships. The strategic plan developed by the NSRC will involve numerous public and private institutions working in partner- ship to reform science education in 300 school districts across the nation. The NSRC also initiated the Science and Technology Con- cepts for Middle Schools (STC/MS) project, a science curriculum for students in grades 7 and 8. This project has received major funding support from the National Science Foundation. Build- ing on the success of the NSRC’s Science and Technology for Children (STC) program for grades 1 through 6, the STC/MS program will develop eight instructional modules addressing topics in the life, earth, and physical sciences and technology. During 1997 three sets of STC Discovery Deck science ac- tivity cards—Electric Circuits, Microworlds, and Floating and Sinking—were completed. These materials are being developed to accompany the 12 Science and Technology for Children units for grades 4 through 6. Each deck is designed to reinforce the key science concepts in a unit and relate them to children’s lives. The cards also stimulate reading, writing, and independent study. The NSRC completed the research and evaluation of cur- riculum materials for inclusion in Resources for Teaching Middle School Science, a companion volume to Resources for Teaching Elementary School Science, which was published in 1996. The new guide, scheduled to be published in early 1998, will pro- vide educators with a wealth of information and expert guidance for selecting resources to teach middle school science. In March NSRC Executive Director Douglas Lapp and NSRC Deputy Director Sally Goetz Shuler participated in a conference in Querétaro, Mexico, on elementary school science education. The conference was attended by Mexican govern- ment officials, university scientists, and teachers. Dr. Lapp and Ms. Shuler shared the NSRC’s vision for science education reform and presented workshops demonstrating inquiry- centered science teaching. The NSRC has also received fund- ing support from the Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundation to 76 work in partnership with the Puerto Rico Public Schools and the University of Puerto Rico to assist with the reform of local K-6 science education. In late April NSRC Dr. Douglas Lapp and Ms. Shuler visited Sweden at the invitation of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences. In the city of Linképing, Dr. Lapp and Ms. Shuler met with 65 university scientists, school admin- istrators, and teachers who are participating in a project to adapt and translate the NSRC’s Science and Technology for Children elementary science units for use in Swedish schools. Dr. Lapp and Ms. Shuler also made presentations at a sym- posium at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences that was attended by members of both royal academies, as well as by corporate and government leaders. The NSRC, in partnership with the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy and the National Science Foun- dation, sponsored receptions for the Presidential Awards for Excellence in Mathematics and Science Teaching. These awards are given annually to exemplary elementary and secondary math and science teachers from across the nation. Office of Smithsonian Institution Archives Edie Hedlin, Director The Office of Smithsonian Institution Archives (OSIA) focused on outreach during 1997, both in terms of holdings and audience. At the same time the Office achieved signifi- cant goals in traditional areas of archival and historical activity, and in oversight of the National Collections. Of particular importance was the establishment of a con- tract with National Underground Storage (NUS) for the crea- tion of a purpose-built facility to hold records from a variety of archives and special collections programs. OSIA took the lead in defining requirements for the facility, working with the Institution’s contract management staff in negotiating an agreement and developing procedures for the preparation and transfer of records from multiple locations and programs. By the end of Fiscal Year 1997, eight repositories sought inclusion in OSIA’s contract with NUS. Through this cooperative ap- proach, the National Anthropological Archives, Air and Space Archives, NMAH Archives Center, Archives of American Art, Folklife Archives, Hirshhorn Library, and Freer-Sackler Archives joined OSIA in acquiring enough quality space to accommodate overflow while at the same time keeping costs lower than any archives, acting independently, could have achieved. Beyond the archival community, OSIA also engaged ina number of outreach efforts associated with the 20oth anniver- sary of the birth of Joseph Henry, the first Secretary. Indeed, the Joseph Henry Papers Project staff devoted a portion of every month to this activity. Highlights include a series of articles in the Torch. lectures on aspects of Henry’s life, and assistance to Union College (New York) in an exhibition high- lighting the Henry bicentennial. Additionally, Henry Papers Project staff used the bicentennial year to raise awareness among funding agencies of the contributions of Joseph Henry to the development of American science and the creation of a national cultural institution. Developing and expanding websites was perhaps the most significant outreach activity in 1997. OSIA’s Institutional History Division greatly expanded its web presence, placing online the web version of another 1996 exhibition, “Expedi- tions: 150 Years of Smithsonian Science in Latin America,” as well as increasing the amount of available information relat- ing to the history of the Institution. In addition, the Archives Division of OSIA developed and launched a home page, thereby providing access to general information about the Archives, as well as the finding aids to a number of collections. Finally, the National Collections Program and the Joseph Henry Papers staff began work on their home pages with a Fiscal Year 1998 target for completion. The Electronic Records Program was created within OSIA in FY 1997 to provide guidance to offices within the Smith- sonian Institution on the proper management of electronic records, including electronic mail. The program will develop procedures for appraising, accessioning, and preserving those electronic records no longer required by creating offices and accepted for transfer by OSIA. The program achieved a major accomplishment during the year with the issuance of Smith- sonian Announcement 97—I0. Entitled “E-mail and Record Keeping,” the announcement suggests methods for retaining E-mail and identifies who is responsible for ensuring the proper management of these records. The ongoing work of OSIA continued apace with these new efforts. This fiscal year saw the Smithsonian Institution Archives and Institutional History Divisions participate in a six-month extensive analysis of archival operations, functions, information and access tools, and services. The review was directed by archivist Score Schwartz of the Archives Center at NMAH. The final report, Integrating Automation Technology: A Functional Analysis and Needs Assessment for the Office of Smith- sonian Institution Archives, will be used to guide OSIA in iden- tifying and meeting its future automation needs. The Smithsonian Institution Archives (SIA) undertook a major project to review and refine its records appraisal criteria. When completed, the draft appraisal report will be the basis for evaluating records and determining the relative priority for accessioning new collections of instirutional records, personal papers, and records of non-Smithsonian en- tities. Preservation planning was also a major focus during the year, and the development of increased staff awareness of preservation problems. The discovery of mold in collections housed at both the Arts and Industries Building and the Ful- lerton annex resulted in a special project to contain the damage and remove the mold. Accessibility of archives collec- tion information moved forward with the conversion of the 1996 Guide to the Smithsonian Archives to an electronic format and the transfer of this information to SIRIS, the Smithson- ian’s online public catalog. Despite the many new initiatives undertaken, core archival activities continued. SIA serviced a total of 2,682 reference queries during the year, a ten percent increase over the previous year. In addition, SIA added to its holdings in excess of 658 cubic feet of records, personal papers, and records of non-Smithsonian entities, even though lack of storage space dictated that the Division halt the transfer of any additional records for the period March to September. The Institutional History Division (IHD) maintained an active schedule of papers, workshops, and presentations, including participation in conferences at Westminster Uni- versity and the Natural History Museum in London. The Division also began work on a new SI/Latin America database and undertook research on Smithsonian budget history at the request of the Secretary. The Joseph Henry Papers Project staff submitted to press for publication volume 8 of The Papers of Joseph Henry. Finally, the National Collections Program (NCP) prepared and issued the annual Collections Statistics. deaccession report, and financial disclosure information. In addition, the staff began the complex process of revising Smithsonian Directive 600, Collections Management Policy. Involving virtually all components of the collections management community and all museums, this process resulted in a degree of interaction between NCP staff and all collecting units of the Institution. Smithsonian Institution Libraries Nancy E. Gwinn, Director In July Dr. Nancy E. Gwinn began serving as Director of the Smithsonian Institution Libraries, a 17-branch system with more than 1.2 million volumes and facilities in Washington, New York, and the Republic of Panama. She had served as Assistant Director, Collections Management for the Libraries since 1984. The Smithsonian Institution Libraries raised private funds this year for its Natural History Rare Book Library, now under construction. Mrs. Jefferson Patterson contributed funds to underwrite for three years the position of Curator of Rare Books for the library, and Leslie Overstreet was named to the position in August. A $100,000 endowment for the preser- vation of the Libraries’ collection of rare materials in the field of natural history was established with funds committed by Mr. and Mrs. Joseph F. Cullman 3rd. The new library, being built in the East Court of the National Museum of Natural History, will house some 10,000 books and other library materials in a secure room and stack area with appropriate en- vironmental controls. The Libraries is funding the installation 77 of compact shelving and an independent heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system to protect the many irreplaceable items that will be housed in the new facility. Mr. and Mrs. David Dibner of The Dibner Fund were in- ducted into the Smithsonian’s Benefactor’s Circle. The Dibner Fund has provided annual support for both the SIL/Dibner Library Resident Scholar Program and a Dibner Library Lec- ture since 1992. The Jaques Admiralty Law Firm of Detroit became a Smithsonian Corporate Member; SIL is the first Smithsonian unit to bring in a corporate member. The S. Dillon Ripley Library Endowment Patron Program brought in $18,380 to add to the fund established in 1993. In April the Libraries purchased the Charlotte and Lloyd Wineland collection of Native American and western explor- ation literature with 48 titles (88 volumes) of rare books of singular importance to the study of the American West and Indians of North America, which complements the Libraries’ strong Native American collection. In the collection is the first edition of Prince Maximilian's beautifully illustrated Reise in das Innere Nord-America in den Jahren 1832 bis 1834 (1839-1841) including the rare map, a work fundamental to the study of early exploration in U.S. western territories. The purchase was made possible through the efforts of the Office of the Secretary, the Office of the Provost, the Libraries, and the National Museum of Natural History and its Anthropology Department. The Libraries focused on enhancing the quality of service to the research community of the Institution. A full-time librarian was assigned to the branch libraries at the Anacostia Museum and the Environmental Research Center, and staffing was increased at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and the National Postal Museum branches. SIL introduced improvements in information access, including expanded services in indexing and abstracting, document delivery, and electronic journals throughout the 17-branch system. With funding from the Getty Trust, staff have created more than 10,000 analytic index records on African art printed resources, which are available on the Libraries online catalog at (www.siris.si.edu). Staff members are reviewing the collec- tions housed in the Libraries’ Annex, a three-year project that will result in a completely accessible collection, available to the research community, both on site and online. The major area of increased access has been afforded the Libraries through its membership in the Chesapeake Information and Research Library Alliance (CIRLA) of which SIL is a founding member. CIRLA implemented a reciprocal borrowing program which facilitates direct borrowing for Smithsonian staff from the seven other member libraries. This service will expedite research through prompt response to loan requests and reduce costs associated with interlibrary loan. Other members of the regional consor- tium are Georgetown University, Howard University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Delaware, Univer- sity of Maryland College Park, the National Agricultural Library, and the Library of Congress. 78 Reference librarians in the 17 branch libraries answered 52,938 reference questions this year, in addition to an average of 50 inquiries a month received at the Libraries’ e-mail address. Questions come from various sources: Smithsonian research and program staff, scholars around the world, mem- bers of the public, and schoolchildren. Staff handled 32,534 requests for interlibrary loan, serving Smithsonian staff and fellows as well as library users in public and private facilities, and in college, research, and corporate libraries around the country and the world. Each year, the Libraries distributes hundreds of copies of English-language translations of scien- tific works published through its Translation Publishing Program. One title, Wild Reindeer by E. E. Syroechkovskii, was sent to more than 8o libraries and to scientists in colleges and public libraries from Alaska to West Virginia. Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Fishes in the National Museum of Natural History is one of the 1997 titles from the Smithsonian Contribu- tions scientific series that is distributed to 4,600 exchange partners, 1,818 of which are in the United States, through the Libraries’ Gift and Exchange (G&E) Program. Recipients include universities, museums, libraries, and individual scholars, and the number of G&E partners in the United States has increased by more than 600 since 1995. The Libraries continues to participate actively in the Capitol Area Preservation Network (CAPNet) which was or- ganized by the Libraries in 1994 to provide a forum for D.C.- area libraries and archives to share preservation information and to promote preservation education through local, affor- dable seminars. On June 10 a CAPNet-sponsored panel discussion addressed problems related to “Those Pesky Accompanying Materials,” such as CD-ROMs and floppy discs that are changing the character of library collections, and shared practical suggestions for storing these nontraditional library materials. Cataloging department staff began to partici- pate in the NACO (Name Authority Cooperative Program), an international project with 213 participating libraries that create original authority records for inclusion in the Name Authority File maintained by the Library of Congress. Sys- tems office staff oversaw the upgrade of SIRIS (Smithsonian Institution Research Information System) to a new circulation module for all branch libraries. Staff began to define require- ments for a successor system to SIRIS. Much of the year was spent on improving the Libraries’ technical infrastructure. With more than 100 users and 6 gigabytes of dara, the SIL local area network (LAN) migrated to a high-end server that supports full data security. All SIL staff migrated to Group- Wise E-mail, and the majority of workstations are now Win- dows-based machines offering users a graphical user interface for their information. SIL convened a Digital Library Committee to oversee all aspects of SIL digital products. The Libraries contributed more texts to its Digital Library, available to a worldwide audience at (http://www.sil.si.edu). On March 28 a digital edi- tion of the final List of Publications of the Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 200 (End of Series) (1971 print, 1997 digital edition), selected for its usefulness to the world research com- munity, was published, and Recommended List of Books and ther Information Resources for Zoo and Aquarium Libraries (1994 print, 1997 digital edition) was launched in July. Abundant reference resources are offered on the branch libraries’ home pages, along with the online exhibition, Sczence and the Artist's Boog. and current issues of Information. the illustrated Libraries’ newsletter, on the website. The Preservation Services Depart- ment and Systems staff scanned three natural history rare books at very high resolution and produced a CD-ROM as a pilot for future digital products. Some of the digital initia- tives underway are a project on the trade literature in the Libraries’ collections on 19th-century sewing machines, an English translation of The Residency of the Ternate in the Moluc- cas (1890 print, 1998 digital edition) by S. F A DeClercq, and an online version of the Libraries’ 1soth-anniversary exhibi- tion, From Smithson to Smithsonian: The Birth of an Institution. The management services staff met challenges in major areas. New Institution-wide computer programs involved staff being trained and then developing expertise. Libraries’ staff maintained financial tracking of personnel and procure- ment costs at an unprecedented level of accuracy and credibility. SIL’s personnel turnover rate during the year hit an unprecedented 17%, leading to the hire in record time of 21 new staff. Renovations commanded attention, and the Libraries planned space for the branch library at the National Museum of the American Indian (NMAI) Cultural Resources Center and the NMAI Mall museum. In the Natural History Building, plans progressed for the new Natural History Rare Book Library, and renovations began for both HVAC (heat- ing, ventilating, and air-conditioning) and SIL's Central Refer- ence and Loan Services, all connected with East Court construction. The Smithsonian Institution Libraries/Dibner Library Resi- dent Scholar Program welcomed three scholars this year who conducted research in aspects of the history of science. A Ph.D. student at Johns Hopkins University studied 16th-cen- tury German vernacular medical texts; a history professor from Western Washington University studied climate and culture in 19th-century America; and a lecturer at the American University in Paris worked on a study of Isaac Bar- row, I7th-century mathematician and Isaac Newton's mentor. Interns from Romania (sponsored by a Soros grant), from Ger- many, and from the University of Maryland, and a graduate of the University of Oklahoma received significant professional training at the Libraries this year. A Libraries’ exhibition, Audubon and the Smithsonian, which opened in the SIL Exhibition Gallery in May, presented high- lights of the publishing history of John James Audubon’s (1785-1851) seminal works, The Birds of America and Viviparous Quadrupeds of North America. The exhibition featured a variety of Audubon-related objects from various Smithsonian collections. The centerpiece, the National Audubon Society’s double- elephant folio edition (27” X 40”) of The Birds of America, was displayed with artworks, memorabilia, and specimens, a num- ber of which came to the Smithsonian as a direct consequence of Audubon’s friendship with Spencer Baird, according to guest curator Helena Wright of the Museum of American History. For its public programs, the Libraries, a member of the Washington Collegium for the Humanities, cosponsored with the National Air and Space Museum a program for the WCH lecture series “Belonging and Acceptance in History, Culture, and Art.” Presented to an audience of 260 people on March 5, “Star Wars: Belonging and Acceptance of the Hero” was delivered by Mary Henderson, curator of the National Air and Space Museum's exhibition, “Star Wars: The Magic of Myth,” and examined themes of ancient mythology recreated by George Lucas in his film trilogy. “Hello, Lindy!” a free public concert of popular songs presented jointly by the Libraries and NASM was held on May 21 to celebrate the 70th anniver- sary of Charles Lindbergh’s solo trans-Atlantic flight. Sung by the U.S. Navy Band Sea Chanters, the songs written in Lindbergh’s honor in 1927 are from the Libraries’ Bella C. Landauer Collection of aeronautical sheet music. Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service Anna R. Cohn, Director The Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service (SITES) is the largest traveling exhibition service in the world. Its mission is to extend the Smithsonian collections, research, and exhibitions to “sites” across the nation and beyond. SITES organizes and circulates exhibitions of all shapes and sizes on the arts, sciences, and humanities. Since the first exhibition went on the road in 1952, SITES has traveled thousands of exhibitions for the education and enjoy- ment of museum goers in every state and several foreign countries. To expand the Smithsonian's outreach, SITES has contin- ued to seek out alternative partners and spaces to create and host exhibitions. Throughout its tour, the exhibition “Vanishing Amphibians” traveled to science centers, conferences, and libraries in order to reach audiences that might not visit tradi- tional science or natural history museums. SITES also con- tinues to work the American Library Association to create poster versions of exhibitions to hang in libraries across the country. SITES’ Rural Initiative Program is designed to reach under- served communities in rural areas throughout the United States. In addition to providing these venues with exhibitions, SITES works with the Federation of State Humanities Councils to provide the venues with professional development programs and training, as well as assisting in the development of site- specific public programming. 79 SITES continues to work with America’s Jazz Heritage to cre- ate innovative exhibitions and programs to explore the historical and social impact of jazz music. Concerts and distance learning programs were organized for the Duke Ellingron Centennial. Smithsonian Office of Education Ann Bay, Director The Smichsonian Website targeted its national audience of teachers and students through a new World Wide Web site called Smithsonian Education. Developed and produced by the Smithsonian Office of Education (SOE), Smithsonian Education presents lesson plans and activities based on the Institution’s collections, exhibitions, and research. Key fea- tures of the area include its organization by curriculum area (arts, language arts, social studies, science); a guide to Smith- sonian educational products and services; and an educator's introduction to each Smithsonian museum. As it grows, the site will add thematic study collections of Smithsonian arti- facts and interpretive texts. The intellectual riches of the Institution support an inno- vative arts and humanities curriculum in the Smithsonian Museum Magnet Schools, operated by the District of Colum- bia Public Schools in partnership with the Smithsonian Office of Education. Through the magnet school program, students develop oral, written, scientific, visual, and technological skills as they observe, study, and discuss what they see and experience at the Smithsonian. SOE marshals the resources of the National Museum of American History, the National Postal Museum, the National Museum of American Art, and the Anacostia Museum to create a foundation for experiential learning at the Institution and inside the classroom. Initial evaluation of the program shows 95 percent regular atten- dance and dramatic declines in discipline problems. Faculty attribute this development to a positive change in students’ attitudes toward school and the increase in parental involve- ment. The magnet schools are Robert Brent Elementary and Stuart Hobson Middle Schools, located on Capitol Hill. A mayor event on teachers’ calendars, Teachers’ Night at the Smithsonian, gives educators an overview of the exception- al teaching resources available at the Smithsonian and several other invited museums, historic sites, and cultural organiza- tions. Teachers’ Night, held at the National Air and Space Museum and organized by the Smithsonian Office of Educa- tion, features displays by all forty participating organizations; workshops on how to teach with objects, collections, and exhibitions; hands-on demonstrations of materials and online services; thousands of copies of free materials for teachers to take back to their schools; and museum staff members on hand to answer questions and help plan field trips. Nearly three thousand educators attended Teachers’ Night 1996. 80 In collaboration with other SI units, the Smithsonian Office of Education presented several classes for area teachers that showed how to incorporate Latino perspectives and materials into the classroom. Participants explored universal themes of immigration and practiced methods of examining cultural identity using photography and primary sources such as letters and documents. The seminars, which were supported by funding from the Insticution’s Latino Pool, were the center- piece of SOE’s Summer Seminars program, which offers con- tinuing education credits in Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia. Public-Private Partnerships The National Faculty/Smithsonian Institution program (TNF- SI) unites teachers from around the nation with Smithsonian staff and university faculty to develop new teaching approaches and gain leadership skills. The TNF-SI aims to improve teachers’ mastery of their subjects. The program also empha- sizes using material culrure—objects, collections, and other museum resources—in teaching. TNF-SI is a joint initiative of the Smithsonian Office of Education and The National Facul- ty, an independent, nonprofit organization funded by contribu- tions from private corporations and foundations, federal and state agencies, local school systems, and individuals. Office of Sponsored Progects Ardelle G. Foss, Director The Office of Sponsored Projects served Smithsonian re- searchers and scholars by supporting the work of approximate- ly 135 principal investigators who submitted 208 new proposals valued at $47.9 million and by negotiating and ac- cepting for the Institution 194 grant and contract awards valued at $17.5 million. Accessibility Program Janice Majewski, Smithsonian Accessibility Coordinator The Accessibility Program is a pan-Institutional resource for Smithsonian units to ensure that the Smithsonian's programs and facilities are accessible to people with disabilities. The Program collaborates with all Smithsonian organizations to improve access to existing resources, as well as to design each new program, exhibition, publication, media presentation, and building to be fully accessible to visitors and staff with disabilities. The Program’s activities this year show the range of information and services it provides. At the request of the Provost, the Program convened an oversight council to develop recommendations of Institutional accessibility priorities. The council considered information from the units’ five-year plans on accessibility improvement (submitted to the Provost in September 1996, with annual reports thereafter to the Program) and the Program's extensive work with che Office of Physical Plant on facilities accessibility. A report on the council’s recommendations was submitted to the Provost in July. The Program receives guidance from and disseminates in- formation to staff and the public through a joint advisory council. The advisory council is composed of members who are staff accessibility liaisons appointed by their unit and people with disabilities from the community that volunteer their time and expertise. A number of meetings were held with the joint advisory council during the year on topics in- cluding the formation of the oversight council, the progress in unit five-year Accessibility Plan submission, and the search for ways to integrate access into all facets of the Institution's operation. In conjunction with its policy and implementation guidelines writing responsibility, the Program conducted four seminars with Smithsonian staff and outside advisors with dis- abilities to create guidelines for accessible program and media design. Program staff then presented this and other accessibility information to Smithsonian and outside museum professional in numerous technical assistance training sessions. The Programs’ exhibition guidelines—developed with Smithsonian exhibition departments—are the first of their kind in the United States. Following distribution to Smithsonian staff, without any advertisement, the Program received more than 200 requests from around the world for copies of the Smithsonian Guidelines for Accessible Exhibition Design. A significant amount of Program time is spent on acces- sibility reviews of facilities and exhibition to ensure that all new construction is fully accessible to people with disabilities. A close working relationship has been fostered through these reviews with the Office of Physical Plants and museum exhibi- tion designers, thus increasing staff awareness of what acces- sible design entails and helping the Institution further its goals to become fully accessible to all visitors and staff. Support for Smithsonian units also included providing direct accessibility services for visitors (e.g., sign language inter- preters, Real-time captioning, and translating documents into braille.) This year the Program arranged nearly 500 hours of services for visitors attending Smithsonian Associates courses, FONZ lectures, and docent-led tours of the museums. Institutional Studies Office Zahava D. Doering, Director The Institutional Studies Office (ISO) is a pan-Institutional resource for the scientific study of the characteristics, atti- tudes, opinions and experiences of Smithsonian constituen- cies. The small staff includes professionals with expertise in sociology, demography, research methods, survey statistics, and a variety of quantitative and qualitative data analysis and evaluation techniques. Since its founding in 1987, ISO has conducted studies and applied research for Smithsonian administrators, curators and programmatic staff. Areas of investigation include audience and membership profiles, background studies and assessments of SI exhibitions and public programs, and ongoing analyses of employee composition. For each study, ISO is responsible for all aspects of study or survey design, implementation of data collection, analysis and report writing. Institutional clients are asked to assume the costs of data collection and data entry. In addition, the office provides some technical consultation to cultural organizations throughout the country and professional review of applied research conducted for them. The staff is also available, on a limited basis, to conduct seminars in various aspects of applied quantitative and qualita- tive research and program evaluation. The results of ISO studies are disseminated in several formats. The major vehicle is a Report series; analyses include techni- cal appendices which both document the work and can be used as methodological models. The Reports are distributed both within and outside of SI. Publications also include Research Notes. Research Notes have a more limited distri- bution, either because of the subject matter or because the results are not generalizable. Results are also presented at professional meetings or in journal publications. Finally, co ensure that clients have timely access to results while more formal documents are being prepared, memoranda are prepared for internal use. The Office’s 1996-97 activities included: (1) Background studies, e.g., the Material Culture study—a background study designed to help in the preparation of a new on-line exhibition. Smithsonian visitors in the National Museum of American History were surveyed regarding their use of computers and the internet and their interests with respect to the subject of material culture. The results will inform a new, interactive Smithsonian web-site that is now under development. (2) Formative evaluation, e.g., audience research and com- ponent testing for the new African Voices exhibition in the National Museum of Natural History. ISO staff trained and assisted the exhibition planning team in informal assessment of visitor responses to themes, texts, images and design com- ponents proposed for the exhibition. (3) Assessments of major exhibitions and programs, includ- ing the following: (a) a new permanent exhibition, Think Tank at the National Zoo; (b) an exhibition scheduled for renovation, Information Age at the National Museum of American History; (c) a temporary exhibition, Visual Journal, at the Center for African American History and Culture; (d) a temporary exhibition, Richard Lindner: Paintings and Water- colors 1948-1977 at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Gar- den; (e) a loan exhibition, Amber at the National Museum of Natural History; and (f) Art Night on the Mall, a sammer pro- 81 gram of open evenings at five art museums, Freer Gallery of Arc, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, National Museum of African Art, International Gallery, and the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden. The primary purpose of the Think Tank study was to under- stand the behavior and learning experiences of visitors. The I7- formation Age study helped guide museum staff as they plan changes for the exhibition. The Viswal Journal study assessed visitor responses to photographs. The Richard Lindner study determined the effect of exhibition texts on visitors, thus offer- ing curators insight into the usefulness of their interpretive ef- forts. The Amber study revealed the impact of exhibition fees and clarified the nacure of special exhibition attendance. The Art Night stady provided museum staff with profiles of visitors and their behavior at this special collaborative program. (4) Statistical information on Smithsonian constituencies for bureau and office development staffs and program person- nel, e.g., Visztors to the Smithsonian, a demographic profile of Smithsonian visitors on the Mall, based on four comprehen- sive studies conducted by ISO between 1994 and 1996; (5) Statistical analyses used by the Institution to meet its labor force reporting requirements to the Regents, the Con- gress and other federal agencies; (6) Presentation of research results at national conferences. This year three ISO staff members made presentations at the annual meeting of the American Association of Museums and four ISO staff presented papers at the annual meeting of the Visitor Studies Association; (7) Publication in peer-reviewed journals. This fiscal year two papers based on previous research by ISO were published in Curator, one on Space Age Barbie, a temporary exhibition at the National Air and Space Museum, and one on Degenerate Art, a traveling exhibition that was presented at the Interna- tional Gallery and that was studied both in Washington and in Berlin. Office of the Chief Financial Officer Rick Johnson, Chief Financial Officer The Office of the Chief Financial Officer was established by memo from the Under Secretary dated, July 17, 1996. The Chief Financial Officer continues to be responsible for the Finance area which consists of the Office of the Comptroller, the Office of Contracting and the Office of Treasurer. During the year the Office of Sponsored Projects was moved organiza- tionally to report to the Provost, certain Instirution-wide financial activities of that office continue to be the respon- sibility of the Chief Financial Officer. During the year there was a strong emphasis on planning. Most important of the planning initiatives was the develop- ‘ment of a 5-year Finance-wide Strategic plan focusing on 82 financial management improvements. Recognizing the impor- tance of financial planning for major Institutional projects, the Finance area began to work with the National Air and Space Museum to develop a formal financial plan for the Dulles Center project. In order to better share information, issues and plans relating to financial matters, a monthly meet- ing format was developed to include all Finance offices and other offices with finance related responsibilities namely the Office of Planning, Management and Budget and the Office of Sponsored Project. Several employee related initiatives received attention this year. First of all, a recognition award program with awards tied to the Finance vision and values was developed. The first award ceremony was well received by staff. In addition, an Individual Development Plan program was developed for implementation in fiscal year 1998. This program will allow staff and supervisors to plan for training opportunities to help meet core jobs responsibilities as well as provide for career enhancement opportunities. As a result of a number of issues and questions raised about Institutional indirect cost and overhead systems, this office developed a briefing paper for senior management to improve overall understanding of the topic. In addition, an Institution- wide Indirect Cost was formed to develop a list of issues that needed to be addressed, prioritizing them and then analyzing the issues and recommending solutions. Some additional activities are: managed the contract with the external auditors; assured an effective annual audit that resulted in an unqualified opinion of the audited statements; prepared the Financial Report for Smithsonian Year 1996; provided guidance to major Institutional projects, such as the Discovery Center, Dulles Center, and America’s Smithsonian; and served on the National Postal Museum Coordinating Committee. More detailed information on the above items, as well as other financial initiatives and activities can be found under the entries for the Finance units listed above. Office of General Counsel John E. Huerta, General Counsel The Office of the General Counsel (OGC) protects the legal in- terests of the Smithsonian Institution. In carrying out that mission, the OGC provides legal advice and counsel to the Smithsonian Board of Regents, Secretary, Provost, Under Secretary, and other managers on the administration of the Institution; represents the Smithsonian in litigation and other adversarial proceedings to which the Institution is a party and before federal, state, and local government entities on admin- istrative matters; issues final determinations on administrative tort and personal property claims against the Smithsonian; and generally monitors developments in the law for applica- tion to the Smithsonian programs. Office of Communications David J. Umansky The Office of Communications is responsible for the public face of the Institution. Its Office of Public Affairs (OPA) is dedicated to media relations, publications, and public relations. The Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception Center (VIARC) serves the 28 million people who visit the Smithsonian each year. Office of Public Affairs OPA served as the public relations team for the popular Isoth anniversary traveling exhibition “America’s Smithsonian.” During this fiscal year, the exhibition visited St. Paul, Minn.; Houston, Texas; and Portland, Ore. For each city, a full adver- tising, marketing, and publicity campaign was designed and implemented. When the exhibition reached Birmingham, Ala., in April 1997, OPA handled the transition of the project to the contractor in charge of the exhibition. OPA’s work on “America’s Smithsonian” and other Isoth-anniversary projects earned the Silver Anvil Award of Excellence from the Public Relations Society of America. OPA developed a local and national publicity campaign for the 1997 Festival of American Folklife, which featured par- ticipants from the Mississippi Delta. Media coverage included network and local morning shows, a number of articles in the Washington Post, and coverage in the New York Times, U.S.A. Today, the Baltimore Sun, Washingtonian and Southern Living. Among the many projects designed to reach Latinos in the metropolitan Washington, D.C., area and across the nation, OPA represented the Smithsonian at local and national Hispanic events such as the annual U.S. Hispanic Chamber of Commerce conference; began a partnership with the Bravo Group, a national Hispanic Marketing firm; and created target bilingual publicity campaigns for a number of exhibitions. OPA produced a new brochure this year, the fourth in its series of Resources brochures, called “Asian Pacific American Resources at the Smithsonian.” The 32-page brochure, in- tended for teachers, students, researchers, and others, provides information on research resources, including collections, databases, publications, fellowships, internships, and much more. Four issues of the newsletter “Smithsonian Institution Re- search Reports” were issued to inform members of Congress, scholars, scientists, library-users, and approximately 75,000 Contributing Members about the myriad research efforts around the Smithsonian. The employee newspaper, The Torch. kept staff and volun- teers informed about activities around the Institution. A special 20-page issue in January was a tribute to the many volunteers who serve the Smithsonian. The Blue Bulletin con- tinued to provide staff with administrative news items. OPA staff, in conjunction with Smithsonian Institution Press, prepared a special thematic annual report focusing on the Isoth anniversary and all of its related activities and programs. For the first time, color illustrations were used throughout most of the report. Newspaper and radio advertisements were developed for each city during the run of “America’s Smithsonian” to bring visitors into the convention centers hosting the exhibition. Advertising in the Washington, D.C., area included the monthly Sampler ad in the Weekend section of the Washington Post and a number of annual advertising campaigns in both African American and Latino communities. Washington Post Weekend ads also helped launch the Institution's credit card with NOVUS Services, Inc. Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception Center Mary Grace Potter, Director As a central support organization and the principal contact point for information about the Smithsonian, the Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception Center (VIARC) continued to pursue its mission to broaden the public’s knowledge, appreciation, and enjoyment of the Institution and to facilitate and promote participation in its programs and activities. Work was carried out through the Smithsonian Informa- tion Center; 18 museum information/member reception desks; response services for public and member mail, telephone, and electronic inquiries; outreach to the tourism industry; outdoor wayfinding stations; two large volunteer programs that provided primary support for the Institution’s public informa- tion activities and for staff project assistance behind the scenes; and a docent program for the Castle. Operating from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. daily, the Smithsonian Information Center attracted 1,812,172 visitors. Reception services were provided to 28,168 Associate members and their families; 3,950 memberships were sold representing a 41% increase over the previous year and some $129,102 in revenue. Docents led 324 tours of the Castle, which engaged 3,530 public and Associate participants. Information desk services were provided daily in 13 museums by a corps of more than 700 Volunteer Information Specialists. During the year 125 new volunteers were recruited, trained, and placed in desk assignments across the Institution; the InfoSpeczal newsletter was produced and dis- 83 tributed quarterly; and 74 in-service enrichment opportunities were offered to volunteer participants as a means of increasing their knowledge and understanding of the Institution’s work and collections. New cloth lanyards inscribed with the sun- burst, Smithsonian Institution, and the acronym VIARC were offered to all volunteers. Incoming public inquiry mail, including electronic inquiries, numbered 35,385. Capability to respond online facilitated answers to some 2,264 inquiries originating primarily from the WWW. Twenty-five new bibliographies, fact sheets, and leaflets were created and uploaded to the web on subjects from anthropology to zoology. Outgoing mail in response to both mail and phone inquiries numbered more than 78,505 pieces. The most popular leaflets and bibliographies were: “Tropical Rainforests,” “The Book of Mormon,” “Violins Bearing a Stradivarius Label,” “Sources of Information on Mollusks,” and “Careers in Biology, Conservation, and Oceanography.” A survey of the origin of public inquiries revealed the top 5 domestic sources to be Califor- nia, New York, Florida, Pennsylvania, and Texas. Overseas in- quiries originated largely from Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Germany. Public telephone inquiries answered by VIARC numbered more than 311,287. Factors influencing the volume of calls in- cluded America’s Smithsonian, the Star Wars exhibition at the National Air and Space Museum, the Amber exhibition at the National Museum of Natural History, Black History Month activities, and activities for the presidential inauguration. The Behind-the-Scenes Volunteer Program recruited and placed 288 new volunteers to assist with staff projects; 415 volunteers were registered and oriented for other staff. Total volunteers participating in behind-the-scenes projects during the year numbered 1,312. Translations completed by volunteer translators numbered Ios in 15 languages. Efforts to address the Institution's accessibility and cultural diversity goals were ongoing. Fifteen percent of new Volun- teer Information Specialists represented minority constituen- cies. Eighteen percent of new volunteers placed in projects behind the scenes were known to be minorities. Printed ac- tivity “Samplers” were produced for all Heritage Celebrations and 24-hour recorded information tapes were also provided. Telephone requests for Black History Month Calendars were the highest ever received (1,387). As updates were required, publications were revised to reflect adherence to accessibility guidelines. One section of the Smithsonian Information Center's main information desk was redesigned to accom- modate visitors and volunteers in wheelchairs, and primary publications were provided in alternative formats at all infor- mation desks for distribution to visitors. The Institution-wide volunteer survey conducted annually through VIARC counted a total of 7,743 volunteers who contrib- uted some 605,724 hours of service during FY 97. The January issue of The Torch featured volunteer participation in 15oth- anniversary activities and continued to pay tribute to the con- tributions of volunteers across the Institution. Volunteers were also acknowledged throughout the year in many other ways. 84 Appreciation events for participants in VIARC’s two volun- teer programs included remarks by Secretary Heyman at the spring event for behind-the-scenes volunteers and remarks by Under Secretary Constance B. Newman at the Holiday recep- tion for Volunteer Information Specialists. Work with the tourism industry continued through partici- pation in major marketplace activities including the American Bus Association, National Tour Association, Travel Industry Association, and La Cumbre, the principal visit USA travel trade show for Latin American tour operators and travel agents. Liaison with local hospitality, convention, and visitors associations was ongoing, as was online promotion of the Smithsonian through TravelFile and NTA Online. To pro- mote the Smithsonian as a major destination for international travelers, VIARC assisted the Washington, D.C., Convention and Visitors Association in arranging tours of the National Air and Space Museum for familiarization groups from Ger- many and Switzerland. A rack card promoting the National Postal Museum was distributed widely through local and national travel industry sources and group bookings for the Craft Show were made available to tour operators for the first time. Additonal activities during Fiscal 1997 included distributing hundreds of thousands of Smithsonian Credit Card applications; compiling 35 binders on Inaugural activities for reference by phone and museum information desk volunteers; producing membership promotion banners for the Information Center, A Ou:ck Guide for visitors interested only in museum highlights, and a leaflet on the History of the Castle. Automation advancements and enhancements were sig- nificant. New computers were configured and installed at 10 museum information desks, and the NASM computer was finally connected to the Network. A “Smithsonian Informa- tion Center” site was made available on the SI Intranet and VIARC's Encyclopedia Smithsonian site on the Internet became the number two entry point for the Smithsonian Home Page, following the Home Page itself. Enhancements to VIARC’s custom computer programs were numerous, including additional online source statistics for the Resmail and VIP programs, additions such as “quick keys” to the InfoTools program, and many other upgrades to software used by all VIARC units, which improved efficiency and productivity. Office of Contracting John W. Cobert, Director The Office of Contracting (formerly the Office of Contracting © and Property Management) continued to provide central con- tracting, procurement, and advisory services for all Smithson- ian museums, research institutes, and offices. The office is responsible directly, through its staff, and indirectly, through the issuance and oversight of delegations of contracting authority to various offices, for the negotiation, contract for- mation, and continuing contract administration involving the expenditure of most of the Smithsonian’s appropriated Federal and Institutional trust funds. The Business Contracting Division manages and has oversight for contracting for income generating and special relationship business contacts. The Travel Services Division manages all of the Smithsonian’s travel bookings and ar- rangements for worldwide activities. The Property and Inventory Management Branch has responsibility for the Institution’s ac- countable property control system. During Fiscal Year 1997, the office provided regular and ongoing support to the Institution’s numerous exhibits, projects, design and construction activities, and programs, and con- tinued carryover activities from 1996, negotiating contracts for the opening, operation, and closing of each convention center site for the “America’s Smithsonian” exhibition. The - office negotiated an agreement with a partnership of two firms to take over the production management of the “America’s Smithsonian” exhibition tour for part of 1997, with Office of Contracting providing contract administration and oversight after the management of the exhibition was turned over to the partnership. The office was also integral in negotiating for the lending of artifacts from the “America’s Smithsonian” exhi- bition for a special exhibition in Scottsdale, AZ, and fora special arrangement to store the “America’s Smithsonian” exhibition equipment and exhibits in Scottsdale during a dormant phase of the “America’s Smithsonian” exhibition tour. The request for proposal and contractor selection process for food service concessions for all Smithsonian Washington-based museums and facilities consurned the entire calendar year. Two contractors were selected and contracts awarded in December after extensive rating and evaluation by the north-side and south- side evaluation committees. Transfer of function from the pre- vious contractors scheduled for early January, 1998. Several projects and contracts on behalf of the Smithsonian’s Marine Station at Ft. Pierce, FL, for the assumption of occupancy of the former MacArthur Founda- tion property. Issues addressed included encroachment on the land by an adjoining landowner, movement by barge to the property of a donated house (including the process of severing the house from its former property, transfer to the Smithsonian property, and installation and renovation at the Smithsonian property), dock and access issues, and related land use issues. The Office of contracting awarded and is managing an ambitious training program for project and contract management. Office of Equal Employment and Minority Affairs Era L. Marshall Fiscal Year 1997 was a year of challenge and opportunity for OEEMA. Our successes indicate that we met the challenges and cook advantage of the opportunities. OEEMA spearheaded an effort to reduce the number of formal EEO complaints by streamlining and improving the complaints process. We reassigned the precomplaint counsel- img process to a special team consisting of an EEO manager and a mediation specialist. Results included responding to more than 1,000 contacts from managers and staff members through in-depth counseling and various consultative advice and assistance efforts. Seventeen new collateral-duty coun- selors were recruited and trained in EEO laws, practices, and mediation techniques. Our increased emphasis on intake coun- seling and the efforts of our internal EEO counselors resulted in the resolution of 56 complaints. This improvement affected a very conservative savings of well over a quarter of a million dollars ($252,000) in cost avoidance to the Smithsonian Institution. OEEMA's newest service, mediation, was promoted and encouraged at the Under Secretary's Operations Meetings, CASD, CIED, and COBD, at on-site meetings with unit directors, in Town Meetings for employees, and at Directors’ Roundtables. Fourteen cases went to mediation; I2 were suc- cessfully resolved through this process. The Institution real- ized a savings of approximately $54,000 in cost avoidance. OEEMA chaired the SI Equal Opportunity Advisory Coun- cil and convened meetings to promote EEO and diversity pan- institutionally. The Council seeks to promote harmony and to foster a work environment that recognizes and practices equal opportunity for all employees. The Council consists of repre- sentatives from the Council of Museum Directors (COMD), the Council of Administrative Directors (CASD), the Council of Information and Education Directors (CIED), and includes the Director of Human Resources, the Ombudsman, a repre- sentative from the Office of the General Counsel, and the Counselor to the Secretary for Community Affairs and Special Projects. In close collaboration with the Council, OEEMA developed and presented some highly visible and successful programs that strengthened diversity and inclusion at the Smithsonian: Town Meetings, Roundtables, EEO Training for Supervisors, and the Annual Secretary’s Award for Excellence in Equal Opportunity. These are all initiatives recommended and supported by the Council. OEEMA orchestrated the third annual Secretary's Award Program for Excellence in Equal Opportunity in collaboration with the Secretary’s Office and the SI Equal Oppormunity Ad- visory Council. This key EEO awareness and appreciation ac- tivity has proven successful in gaining Institutional support for EEO initiatives. OEEMA created the concept and was the 85 first office to employ the full support and involvement of the Secretary, the Under Secretary, and the Provost. Several out- standing managers and employees were recognized for excep- uonal contributions to the Smithsonian's Equal Opportunity goals and honored before their peers and hundreds of Smithson- ian employees. OEEMA serves as a principal participant in monthly meet- ings of the Employee Relations Working Group, which enter- tains the presence of the Deputy General Counsel, the Director of the Office of Human Resources, the Manager of Labor and Employee Relations, the Employee Assistance Pro- gram Manager, and the Ombudsman. This collaborative effort ensures that all players in the dispute resolution business are kept informed of every case involving a dispute with the Smithsonian's policies, practices, or procedures—whether in the informal/formal stages of the EEO complaint process, in OHR/LER, MSPB, or in the District courts. The OEEMA Director represented the Smithsonian's programs, policies, and practices in discussions and meetings of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and the Interagency Council of EEO and Civil Rights Directors. We shared lessons learned as part of the national effort to improve the quality of EEO programming in the federal government. OEEMA's Director served as a principal member of the Smithsonian's Personnel System Reform Steering Committee and provided three additional OEEMA staff members who served on various subcommittees representing EEO goals and policies. OEEMA continues to serve as a member of the Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization (OSDBU) Directors Interagency Council. The Council serves as a forum to inform and alert federal SDBU directors of trends and developments in the small business political and economic arena. OEEMA coordinated with SI’s Advocacy Network to help develop the following programs: Black History Month, Asian- Pacific Heritage Month, Native American Heritage Month, and Women’s History Month. The various Advocacy Groups hosted these programs, and OEEMA assisted in their presenta- tions to encourage diversity and inclusion at the Smithsonian. As part of our effort to foster a work environment free of in- timidation and discrimination, OEEMA drafted revised proce- dures and policy guidance for the prevention and elimination of sexual harassment (POSH). The office responded to numerous requests and provided POSH briefings to a large portion of the SI staff. This effort will continue into FY 98. OEEMA also presented awareness and training programs to the general staff. Speakers from the Federal Election Commis- sion included Patricia A. Brown, Director, EEO and Special Programs, and David S. Orr, Director, Personnel and Labor Relations, who presented a dynamic program on the theme of “Understanding EEO Discrimination: How You Can Make a Difference.” In collaboration with the Equal Opportunity Ad- visory Council, OEEMA presented its second Equal Oppor- tunity Roundtable on November 13, 1996. James R. Perez, 86 guest speaker from the Federal Bureau of Investigation, shared successful equal opportunities strategies employed by FBI managers and supervisors. OEEMA continues to find ways to improve services to our customers. Several staff changes improved the Precomplaint Counseling Program. The Special Emphasis Program was revised; the Mediation Program was enhanced; a fulltime in- house EEO investigator/manager was assigned, and EEO case analyses were improved. These changes netted phenomenal results: the performance of contract investigators improved, and the number of cases exceeding the 180-day investigative limit was reduced. The Smithsonian thereby realized a toral cost savings of approximately $75,700. Managers sought and received assistance and advice in diversity planning and implementation. OEEMA developed guidance and provided assistance to all units with 25 employees or more. Throughout the reporting year, ORBEMA assisted units with recruitment, hiring, training, and develop- ment evaluation and disciplinary issues. Meetings were held with all unit Equal Opportunity Officers to help them achieve their EEO objectives. Training was also provided managers to increase their understanding of EEO laws and of the benefits of diversity. OEEMA's applicant flow data analysis and Applicant Flow Data Reports identify barriers to diversity in the Smithson- ian’s employment practices. Complementing the diversity planning process, this process involves the monitoring of, and reporting on, successful Insticutional recruicment efforts. OEEMA reviews all selection certificates, certifying them with signature and through appropriate comments to manage- ment officials. OEEMA's coordination initiatives with other offices in- cluded participation on a diversity panel for managers and employees. Collaborative teams consisting of OEEMA staff, OHR, and the Ombudsman held meetings with several managers to address current EEO issues and specific concerns. OEEMA's Director and staff also met with unit Directors from CERC, SI Retail, NZP, OPS, OPP, OFP, VIARC, NMAH, and SIL, among others. The need to provide reasonable accommodations has be- come a growing area of concern as the work force has changed to include more disabled and older workers. OEEMA has been instrumental in ensuring equal employment opportunity for disabled individuals. Seven employees received assistance in securing reasonable accommodations. To ensure that manage- ment and employees are aware of their rights and responsi- bilities, we published a Reasonable Accommodations brochure and distributed it to all employees. OEEMA developed and published the annual Affirmative Action Plan for Individuals with Disabilities. OEEMA provided additional publications to inform of diversity needs, efforts, and accomplishments. The annual Equal Opportunity Report to Congress provided a detailed workforce analysis and synopsis of Smithsonian museum ex- hibits and programs to the House and Senate Committees on Appropriations, setting forth in detail the Insticution’s com- mitment to celebrating our nation’s diverse historical and cul- tural achievements. The annual Accomplishment Report for Diversity Action Plans informed senior management of each unit's diversity initiatives. OEEMA published the third edition of its office news- letter, “Opportunities,” during this period. This publication assists employees and managers to deal with and resolve human relations issues. The current issue features information on OEEMA personnel and services, the Workers’ Compensation/ Americans with Disabilities Act, and the nature of sexual harass- ment in the workplace. The publication is distributed pan- Institutionally and has consistently received positive reviews. OEEMA has established and maintains effective lines of communication with every major office in the Smithsonian In- stitution. Customer service is our goal, and it can be seen in every project we undertake. We believe that our success results from embracing a common vision around which we galvanize our total work efforts “to be valued as a highly effec- tive service organization that provides impartial, pro-active guidance and assistance to our customers.” Office of Environmental Management and Safety F. William Billingsley, Director The Office of Environmental Management and Safety con- tinued to ensure a safe and healthful environment for all Smithsonian employees, volunteers, and the visiting public. The office provided consultation services, training, and tech- nical support in the areas of environmental management, fire protection, and occupational health and safety. The office also informed the Smithsonian of applicable fire, safety, and environmental management laws and conducted inspections of all Smithsonian facilities. FY 1997 marked the sixth annual Secretary's Safety Awards Ceremony. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory won the large facility award, and the National Postal Museum won the small facility award. Office of Facilities Services Richard H. Rice, Jr., Senior Facilities Services Officer The Office of Facilities Services, along with other organiza- tions in the Facilities Services Group, continued to focus on collaborative efforts to improve service to the Institution. Among these were several specific organizational develop- ment initiatives, focusing on internal relationships, com- munications and leadership. Office of Physical Plant Michael J. Softeld, Director The Office of Physical Plant exists to create, preserve, restore, and protect a physical environment that enables the Smith- sonian and its Museums and Research Institutions to achieve their goals. Physical Plant has a staff of approximately 422 employees. The Office strives to achieve the following goals: to be the leader in creating functional, pleasing, safe, and ac- cessible physical environments that are the benchmark of quality and innovation; to be responsible and proactive in meeting our customer's needs; to be a steward for the Institu- tion's resources, which are dedicated to achieving our mission. Horticulture Services Division landscaped and designed the planters surrounding the NASM Building. Completing the project in-house saved literally hundreds of thousands of dol- lars. The landscape designs and plans were completed by Paul Lindell and Karen Swanson. More than $65 million in Repair and Restoration funding was committed and forwarded for bidding and awarding (a record!) Of that total, $27 million was obligated into design and construction contracts. Physical Plant was responsible for the following projects: e Openings—Reed Education Building, SERC; Cooper- Hewitt, National Design Museum Miller/Fox Houses; Geology, Gems, and Minerals Hall, NMNH ¢ Completions—Fagade restoration, NASM; HVAC master plan, NMAH; Fr. Sherman forest canopy crane, STRI e Groundbreaking—Discovery Center, NUNH Office of Protection Services David F. Morrell, Director Deriving its legal authority from Title 40, U.S. Code, Section 193, the Office of Protection Services (OPS) has the following as its mission: protecting and securing the National Collec- tions and other properties entrusted to the Smithsonian Institution and ensuring the safety and security of staff and visitors, while permitting an appropriate level of public access to collections and properties. During this year OPS entered into a contract with Wacken- hut Services Incorporated to perform a task analysis for Museum Protection Officer (MPO) positions and security supervisor positions. The task analysis was completed in March 1997 and assisted OPS in determining training needs for the security staff. During this year OPS recruited and hired 69 MPOs; OPS directed Wackenhut to train all 69 MPOs. The two-week 87 training course focused on basic security operations within a museum setting. Wackenhut and OPS conducted 12 in-service MPO training classes this year. Wackenhut also assisted OPS in providing nine basic supervisory training courses for sergeants and lieutenants and two senior supervisory courses for all Security Managers. OPS initiated biannual weapons qualifi- cation and training for all security staff who are regularly required to carry a weapon. OPS selected Susan T. Tracey for the position of Associate Director of Administration on March 2, 1997. James Burford and Andrew Leben were appointed to the positions of Organi- zational Ombudsman in April 1997. OPS announced and filled two upward mobility positions within the Technical Security Division. OPS selected two employees for these positions who previously held positions as Museum Protection Officers. In an effort to upgrade and modernize security systems throughout the Smithsonian Institution, OPS signed a mem- orandum of understanding with the U.S. Army Engineering Support Center, Huntsville, Alabama, for assistance with design, procurement, installation, and replacement of the Smithsonian Institution Propriety Security System. OPS worked closely this year with the “America’s Smithson- ian” staff to provide contract oversight for an on-site security firm in Houston, Texas; Portland, Oregon; Birmingham, Alabama; and San Jose, California. OPS staff also worked closely with officials in each city to ensure that high-value ar- tifacts were escorted to the exhibition sites without incident. The annual National Conference on Cultural Property Protection, hosted by OPS and The North Carolina Museum of Art, was held from February 24 through 27 in Raleigh, North Carolina. The theme for the conference was “Security Practices for Exhibition and Design in the 2Ist Century.” Over 150 people attended the conference from museums, libraries, and other cultural property institutions. Smithsonian Magazine Ronald C. Walker, Publisher Don Moser, Editor Since its founding in 1970, Smithsonian magazine has extended the Institution’s message, expanded its influence, and in- creased its public visibility throughout the United States and abroad. Considered one of the greatest success stories in magazine publishing history, Smithsonian is now the 23rd largest magazine in the country with a circulation of 2.1 mil- lion. It continues to generate revenue for the Institution. Editorial subjects extend beyond the scope of the Institution’s museums. Leading authors contribute articles about the arts, history, the environment, conservation, and the sciences, always written with the layperson in mind. Monthly 88 features include “Phenomena, Comment and Notes,” a com- mentary on nature and the natural world; “Smithsonian Perspectives,” a column by the Smithsonian Secretary; and reviews of recently released non-fiction books. Smithsonian Institution activities are covered in three regular departments: “Around the Mall and Beyond,” “Smithsonian Highlights,” and “The Object at Hand.” During this year, Smzthsonian magazine's redesign—the first in its 27 year histcory—made its debut in the July 1997 issue. Designer Don Morris did not radically alcer Bradbury Thompson's original layout, but the changes were significant. The logo was outlined and enlarged to run across the top of the page, the typeface was changed, and a flexible system of layouts now allows for different design treatments for dif- ferent types of stories. Smithsonian magazine won several awards this year. First was the 1997 National Magazine Award in the category of “Special Interests.” The award was presented for a three-part series on invertebrates by Richard Conniff, which ran in the February, May and July 1996 issues. The National Magazine Awards program is sponsored by the American Society of Magazine Editors and administered by the Graduate School of Journalism of Columbia University. Established in 1966 to honor editorial excellence, the program this year drew 1,183 entries from 281 different magazines. Other awards included the following: ¢ Community Action Network's roth Annual Media and Corporate Awards: Exceptional Merit award for “A Free- dom Summer Activist Becomes a Math Revolutionary” by Bruce Watson (February 1996), and Certificates of Merit for “Making up for Lost Time: The Rewards of Reading at Last” by Richard Wolkomir (August 1996); and “Ranchers for a ‘Radical Center’ to Protect Wide-open Spaces” by Jake Page (June 1997). ¢ Acoustical Society of America’s Science Writing Award in Acoustics for Journalists, awarded for “Decibel by Decibel, Reducing the Din toa Very Dull Roar” by Richard Wolkomir (February 1996). e Walter Sullivan Award for Excellence in Science Journalism from the American Geophysical Union, awarded for “Geologists Worry about Dangers of Living ‘Under the Volcano” by Jon Krakauer (July 1996). © Smithsonian magazine's website also won an award, the 1997 Clarion Award for “Best World Wide Web Site—Non- profit.” The Clarion awards are sponsored by the Associa- tion for Women in Communications. In partnership with the American Society of Travel Agents (ASTA), Smithsonian magazine awarded the seventh annual ASTA/Smithsonian Magazine Environmental Award to Maho Bay Camps, Inc. and SeaCanoe Thailand, Co. Ltd. The award recognizes outstanding achievements and contributions by in- dividuals, corporations, and countries toward furthering the goals of environmental conservation. The Smithsonian Associates Mara Mayor, Director The Smithsonian Associates (TSA) reached out in 1997 to Smithsonian members and the general public, offering a broad array of educational and cultural programs crafted to highlight and complement the work of the Institution. Resident Associate Program Some of the unique collaborations this year celebrated major sports figures and organizations. In cosponsorship with major league baseball, TSA’s Resident Associate Program presented a course that celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of Jackie Robinson's breaking baseball’s color barrier. The speakers included Shirley Povich, Washington Post sports editor who covered Robinson during his playing days; Joe Black, former Negro League player and Major League player for the Brook- lyn Dodgers, Cincinnati Reds, and Washington Senators; and John “Buck” O’Neil, Jr., Negro League player and manager from 1937 to 1955. As part of the ongoing focus on the role of sports in American life, TSA presented an unforgettable evening with boxing legend Muhammad Ali. And basketball pioneer Ar- nold “Red” Auerbach, Hall of Fame players Bill Russell and Billy Cunningham, and National Basketball Association (NBA) Commissioner David Stern joined TSA and the NBA to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the Association. In an evening highlighting soccer, players from the DC United soccer team recounted their experiences on the field to adults and children from the Washington, D.C., area. The interviews were conducted in Spanish with English translation. This year TSA was privileged to award the James Smithson Bicentennial Medal to three remarkable individuals: jour- nalist and author Walter Cronkite, singer/songwriter Pete Seeger, and musician and inventor Les Paul, who appeared in a program cosponsored with the Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation. The Smithson Medal is awarded for individual excellence and achievement in the arts, sciences, and humanities. In keeping with its educational mission, TSA’s “Campus on the Mall” offered a variety of programs in collaboration with organizations outside the Smithsonian. One of these was an ex- tremely popular Mini-Medical School course cosponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Featured speakers were Harold Varmus, NIH director and a 1989 Nobel Prize winner for his cancer research, and Francis Collins, director of the National Center for Human Genome Research. Another was a collaboration with the George C. Marshall Foundation in which Henry Kissinger and Valery Giscard d’Estaing spoke to an overflow audience on international relations. Seminars were also offered in concert with major exhibitions and collections here at the Smithsonian. A tour and weekend seminar featured the “Amber” exhibition at the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH). In conjunction with the “Think Tank” exhibit at the National Zoological Park, lec- tures and discussion sessions led by internationally renowned experts explored the primate mind. In collaboration with the Division of Information Technology and Society of the National Museum of American History (NMAH), “Global Connections in the 21st Century” brought together an unprecedented assembly of American and European pioneers and leaders in information technology, including Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web. In children’s programming, Discovery Theater produced King Prempeh, an original play based on the life of the remark- able 19th-century king of the Asante nation (now called Ghana). This production, a first-time collaboration between TSA and the National Museum of African Art, was made pos- sible by funding from the Smithsonian Education Outreach Fund. TSA’s summer camps again proved popular, as more than 600 area children enjoyed such programs as “Euclid in Wonder- land,” “Smithsonian Safari,” and “The Art of Juggling.” In an outstanding world-class premiere, TSA presented award-winning actor/director Kenneth Branagh in his new film version of Hamlet, produced by Castle Rock Entertain- ment. Following the screening, Mr. Branagh was joined by Shakespeare Theatre artistic director Michael Kahn and Na- tional Public Radio’s Susan Stamberg in a seminar that focused on the art of adapting literary classics to the screen. TSA's Resident Associate Program continued its “Radio Theatre—Live!” series with productions of D.L. Coburn’s The Gin Game, directed by Arena Stage artistic director Douglas Wager, Shaw’s The Devil’s Disciple, directed by Michael Kahn, and John Guare’s The House of Blue Leaves. directed by Howard Shalwitz of the Woolly Mammoth Theatre Company. The series, produced by the L.A. Theatre Works and presented by TSA in conjunction with the Voice of America (VOA), treats audiences to unique performances and a behind-the-scenes look at radio drama in production. These world-class produc- tions are recorded for subsequent broadcast on public radio throughout the United States and abroad on VOA. Composer, performer, teacher, and entertainer Peter Schick- ele came to the Smithsonian for four programs in a delightful series about music and musicians. Schickele, internationally “infamous” as the “perpetrator” of the music of P.D.Q. Bach, drew on his engaging wit and considerable knowledge to bring a fresh approach to the world of music from classical to country. TSA also presented its annual series of chamber concerts by the Emerson String Quartet, the 20th Century Consort, and the Smithsonian Chamber Music Society, whose performances continue to set standards for great musical performance. Other well-known artists presented by the Resident Associate Program included singer and author Patti LaBelle, playwright and screenwriter Neil Simon, and actors Eli Wal- lach and Anne Jackson. A special evening examining the genius of Jim Henson provided a behind-the-scenes look at the life and career of the creator of the Muppets®. 89 TSA's studio arts courses are considered to be among the finest offered in the Washington area. Classes in painting, drawing, photography, and various handicrafts continued to educate and entertain students from beginners to the profi- cient. The numerous photography classes, in particular, proved especially popular, offering participants the oppor- tunity to enhance their artistry as well as to learn darkroom techniques. The Online Associate began monthly publication on the World Wide Web to complement the print version of the Resident Associate catalog, enabling Resident members and the general public to keep informed about TSA programs. Smithsonian Study Tours Acclaimed filmmaker Ken Burns, who in February lectured in Washington, D.C., and showed clips from his film Thomas Jefferson. also talked about his recent films when he joined par- ticipants in the Smithsonian Study Tour seminar at Colorado’s annual Telluride Film Festival. It was one of the more than 350 local, national, and international tours offered by TSA. Film expert Peter Brunette of George Mason University was study leader for this program. In April The Smithsonian Associates offered its first Oxford University/Smithsonian study voyage aboard the MTS Arcadia to the Greek Islands. Oxford tutors offered seven on-board seminars on topics including ancient philosophers, the Bronze Age Aegean, and the Ortoman Empire for the 149 Associates who traveled on this unique voyage. On “The Golden Spike: A Journey Through History” study tour, eighty-three Associates traveling by vintage train visited Promontory Summit, Utah, where they participated in the reenactment of the driving of the golden spike that marked the completion of the Transcontinental Railway in 1869. William Withuhn, NMAH curator of transportation, served as study leader on the tour. Local tours offered a wide and exciting variety of onsite learning experiences in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Lasting from a few hours to four days in length, local rours allow participants to join an acknowledged expert in a study of such subjects as art, architecture, drama, nature, geology, history, and ethnic cultures. Sites visited included litrle- known and well-known, popular attractions of the Mid-Aclantic region. Of particular note this year was the “Hoses, Hook, and Ladders: Washington's Historic Firehouses” tour on July 19. Historian and DC firefighter Richard Schaffer led participants to some twenty historic firehouses in greater Washington, D.C., including two 18th-century structures in Alexandria, Virginia. Masters Program in Decorative Arts The Masters Program in the History of 19th- and 2oth-Cenrury American Decorative Arts, established in 1996, welcomed its second class. Students had not only the opportunity to explore the unparalleled collections and libraries of the Smithsonian 90 Institution, but also the chance to visit and intern at such renowned institutions as the Metropolitan Museum of Arc, the Art Institute of Chicago, and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. As the program grew the curriculum diversified, offering a variety of seminars like “Industrial Design and American Society, 1925-1965” in addition to survey classes on silver, glass, textiles, and furniture. The program also graduated its first class, and these graduates found positions at such pres- tigious institutions as The White House, the Cranbrook Art Museum, and the Maryland Historical Society. National Outreach Smithsonian Institutes for Professionals As part of an ongoing relationship with Indiana University, TSA presented a World Affairs Institute for forty participants who came from the state’s business, political, and academic communities. Focusing on the challenges facing Europe in the 2Ist century, the program included lectures by notable interna- tional experts from organizations including the Library of Congress, the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Johns Hopkins University’s Nitze School of Ad- vanced International Studies, and Columbia University, and events at the embassies of Germany, France, and Great Britain. TSA designed and hosted a behind-the-scenes look at foren- sic science with collections manager David Hunt of the physi- cal anthropology department of NMNH. The thirty-five teachers who participated came from around the country. All were participants in a program with Educational Field Studies, Inc., and served as a focus group to discuss plans for a new TSA program to introduce incoming student groups to the Smithsonian. Smithsonian Voices of Discovery TSA presented a Smithsonian Voices of Discovery lecture series in the communities visited by the America’s Smithsonian traveling exhibition. In each city—Sr. Paul/Minneapolis, Houston, Portland (OR), Birmingham (AL), and San Jose/ Oakland—free public programs expressing the diversity of Smithsonian research and collections were presented in museums, libraries, business and civic organizations, senior centers, and schools and universities. In addition, a series was presented in San Antonio, where important connections have been made with the Latino communiry there. Fifty scholars traveled to these cities, conducting 382 presentations and reaching approximately 29,000 people. In addition, tens of thousands of people were able to participate via television and radio broadcasts and online discussions. Voices from The Smithsonian Associates® The audiocassette series, Voices from The Smithsonian As- sociates®, expanded to seventeen programs selected from popular Resident Associate events, featuring such speakers as Microsoft's Bill Gates, journalists David Brinkley and Walter Cronkite, historians Strephen Ambrose and James McPherson, and writers P.D. James and Pat Conroy. These programs were also offered on the newly expanded TSA website. Young Benefactors The Smithsonian Young Benefactors entered its eighth year this year, continuing its mission of raising unrestricted funds for the Smithsonian Institution and increasing awareness among young professionals of the goals and objectives of the Institution. Among activities this year were “Mingle Among the Moderns,” a reception and tour of the National Museum of American Art’s collection of 2oth-century American paint- ing and sculpture, and the Eighth Annual Blast-Off Black- Tie Gala at the National Air and Space Museum, which raised more than $100,000. Affiliated Organizations The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, the - National Gallery of Art, and the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars were established by Congress within the Smithsonian Institution under their own boards of trustees. The Institution provides administrative services on contract to Read- ing Is Fundamental, Inc., an independent organization. John FE. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts James A. Johnson, Chairman Lawrence J. Wilker, President In April 1996 the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts marked its 25th anniversary as a presidential memorial and one of the world’s most celebrated performing arts centers. The Kennedy Center presents the finest performances of music, theater, and dance from this nation and abroad; makes the performing arts available to the greatest possible audience through free and discounted performances, as well as other outreach programs; nurtures new works and supports ar- tists through its producing, commissioning, and training programs in a variety of disciplines; and serves the nation as a leader in arts education. The Kennedy Center's six theaters host performances that attract more than 2 million patrons an- nually; che annual telecast of the Kennedy Center Honors and other broadcasts reach millions more across the country; and the center reaches out to the nation with touring productions and performances. Kennedy Center Chairman James A. Johnson initiated a set of programs in February 1997 designed to make the center, and the performing arts in general, accessible to the broadest possible audience. These “Performing Arts for Everyone” in- itiatives include free performances every evening of the year on the new Millennium Stage and the construction of a new TICKETplace discount ticket booth, which opened to the public in June in Washington’s Old Post Office Pavilion. The first season of the Kennedy Center African Odyssey, a multiyear celebration of the music, dance, and theater of Africa and the African Diaspora, featured theater from South Africa, music and dance from Céte d'Ivoire, a griot storyteller from Gambia, and exhibitions of stone sculpture from Zimbabwe and textiles from throughout the African continent. Included were the world premieres of two Kennedy Center dance commissions and three ensembles making their American debuts. The Kennedy Center Concert Hall closed in January for extensive renovations, with the goal of making the theater a national model for public accommodation and accessibility for people with disabilities. The Concert Hall, which reopened just nine months later in October, was the first of the center's theaters to undergo these improvements. Other Kennedy Center theaters will follow in future years as part of an ambitious calendar of construction. With its home theater under construction, the National Symphony Orchestra (NSO)}—in its first season under Music Director Leonard Slatkin—performed innovative programs in the center's other theaters. The NSO’s fifth American Residency took orchestra members to Arizona for more than a week of performances, master classes, and educational activities in the spring. In the fall the NSO held its inaugural Beethoven Fes- tival, part of a revolution in programming that will surround the regular concert schedule with thematic festivals spaced throughout the year. During its first concert tour of Europe under Slatkin’s direction, the orchestra was greeted with criti- cal and popular acclaim. The Kennedy Center coproduced the Broadway hit Titanic, which earned the 1997 Tony Award for Best Musical. Mean- while, the center's coproduction of The King and I, a 1996 Tony winner, made its Washington debut at the center in the spring before embarking on a nationwide tour. The center's “Imagina- tion Celebration” commissioned two new works during 1996— 97: an original play titled Children of the Sun from Pulitzer Prize—winner N. Scott Momaday and an adaptation of Judy Blume’s popular children’s book Tales of a Fourth Grade Noth- ing. Tales will tour to communities nationwide during the 1997-1998 and 1998-1999 school years. In fall 1996 the Kennedy Center launched a national program to include the arts in the curricula of every school system across the United States. The “Creative Ticket for Stu- dent Success” campaign, spearheaded by the center's Alliance for Arts Education Network and its nationwide affiliates, united organizations and individuals in encouraging educators, parents, and elected officials to make the arts a regular part of the life of every American child. 91 National Gallery of Art Earl A. Powell II, Director The National Gallery of Art serves the United States in a na- tional role by preserving, collecting, exhibiting, and fostering the understanding of works of art at the highest possible museum and scholarly standards. The gallery’s exhibition season began with “Olmec Art of Ancient Mexico,” a panoramic overview of the achievements of Mexico’s oldest civilization, which flourished from 1200 B.C. to A.D. 300. Orher exhibitions included a survey of the French master of light and shadow, Georges de la Tour (1593— 1652); drawings by Michelangelo and other artists he influ- enced from the collection of Queen Elizabeth II; an extensive selection from the world’s greatest collection of Chinese art in “Splendors of Imperial China: Treasures from the National Palace Museum”; rarely glimpsed narrative paintings and portraits in “The Victorians: British Painting in the Reign of Queen Victoria, 1837-1901"; early works of the fertile and precocious genius Pablo Picasso, from age 11 to his invention of cubism; and a groundbreaking exhibition of ancient Angkor and Cambodian sculpture from the museum of Phnom Penh, the national collection of Asiatic art in Paris, and other international museums. The Education Division developed materials for the gallery's World Wide Web site, created a hypercard component of the American art videodisc, and digitized works of art for the up- coming videodisc on European art. The division served an audience of 29.7 million through lectures, tours, symposia, academic programs, school tours and teacher training, and the loan of educational materials on art and culture. Working with the education staff, Maryland Public Television produced a one-hour interactive electronic field trip from the Picasso exhibition. The program was broadcast live on seven public television stations and seen by more than 40,000 stu- dents in Maryland and the District of Columbia. Purchases for the gallery’s collections are made possible by funds donated by private citizens. Among the paintings ac- quired this year were an early Winslow Homer depiction of a quiet moment during the Civil War, Home, Sweet Home; The Miraculous Draft of Fishes by the 16th-century Venetian artist Jacopo Bassano; a large work by French cubist Francis Picabia, The Procession, Seville; a late-18th-century water- color landscape by German artist Johann Georg von Dillis; and the unworn and unreworked copperplate for Rembrandt's etching Abraham Entertaining the Angels. Gifts to the collection included a gouache by Picasso of The Death of Harlequin, with an oil sketch on the reverse, from Paul Mellon; 40 works by Alexander Calder from Klaus Perls, the artist's dealer in the United States; a painting by the 16th- century Italian artist Cariani and an oil sketch by Rubens, both bequeathed by Lore Heinemann; 18 sheets (some double- sided) of drawings by Winslow Homer from the Civil War 92 given by Dr. Edmund Zalinski II, a descendant of the Civil War major who received them from the artist; a 1929 photograph, Shadows of the Eiffel Tower, by the Hungarian photographer André Kertész from the André and Elizabeth Kertész Foundation; and five photographs by the innovative photographer Harold Edgerton from the Harold and Esther Edgerton Family Foundation. A gift of more than 230 contem- porary prints was received from Crown Point Press, one of the leading print publishing workshops in the United States, and ics founder Kathan Brown. The newly restored plaster memorial to Colonel Robert Gould Shaw and the Massachusetts 54th Regiment by Augus- tus Saint-Gaudens was unveiled in a new installation in the West Building. The 18-foot-wide sculpture is on long-term loan from the Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site in Cornish, New Hampshire. The bronze cast of the memorial stands on Boston Common and is considered one of this country’s greatest sculptural monuments. Reading Is Fundamental, Inc. Lynda Johnson Robb, Chairman William E. Trueheart, President and CEO Reading Is Fundamental, Inc. (RIF) is the largest children’s literacy organization in the United States. Since it was founded by the late Margaret McNamara in 1966, RIF has served millions of America’s young people with more than 174 mullion books. RIF addresses one of the most serious problems facing the nation today—the fact that alarming numbers of children are growing up without learning to read. RIF gives local citizens a chance to do something about this problem by drawing on two American traditions—community self-help and volun- teerism. In 1997 the volunteer services of some 219,000 local citizens enabled RIF to serve more than 3.7 million children at 17,055 sites in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. offshore territories of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam. RIF reaches young people in all kinds of settings—schools, libraries, day-care centers, Head Start and Even Start programs, migrant worker camps, housing developments, libraries, Boys and Girls Clubs, schools for children with dis- abilities, juvenile detention centers, and hospitals and clinics. RIF is also a source of books and reading activities for youngsters from dozens of Native American Tribes, including Native Alaskan young people and Pacific Island children in Guam and Hawaii. In 1997 the American Institute of Philanthropy once again gave RIF an A+ rating and ranked it as one of the nation’s top 10 charities. And for the second year, Parenting magazine cited RIF as one of the “1o charities that make a difference in the lives of children and families.” Highlights of the Year In 1997 Dr. William E. Trueheart was named RIF president by the RIF Board of Directors after the retirement of Ruth Graves. A former president of Bryant College in Rhode Is- land, Dr. Trueheart has held numerous positions in higher education, including Assistant Dean and Director of the Master of Public Administration Program at Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. In April First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton invited children to celebrate “Reading Is Fun Week” in the East Room of the White House. The program included a National Awards ceremony honoring the winners of the RIF National Poster Contest and the National Reading Celebration, two reading incentive programs underwritten by the Metropolitan Life Foundation. After the ceremony, the children were treated to appearan- ces by Miss America Tara Holland; actor Larry Sellars, who talked about the art of Native American storytelling; Indiana Pacers’ guard Reggie Miller, who recited a poem about baseball; and award-winning author-illustrator Tomie de Paola, who demonstrated how he illustrates children’s books. Special guests at the RIF Week celebration included U.S. Secretary of Education Richard W. Riley and two members of Congress, Representatives William Goodling of Pennsylvania and Tom Sawyer of Ohio. In response to the Presidents’ Summit for America’s Fu- ture, Reading Is Fundamental pledged to serve an additional 1.5 million children by the end of the year 2000. RIF Chair- man Lynda Robb, who served as cochairman of the Presidents’ Summit, was named cochairman of the successor organization, “America’s Promise: The Alliance for Youth.” As 1997 drew to a close, RIF was well on its way to becom- ing an international program. For the second year, Great Britain's National Literacy Trust sponsored “RIF, United Kingdom” to promote children’s literacy in the British Isles. Meanwhile Fundacion Leer, a nonprofit group in Buenos Aires, is bringing “Leer es Fundamental—Reading Is Fun- damental” to the children of Argentina. Both organizations have signed license agreements with RIF and are motivating children to read through book events and special activities. In November Visa U.S.A. and RIF launched “Read Me a Story,” a major national campaign to raise awareness of the impor- tance of reading aloud to children and to raise $1 million for RIE Actor Danny Glover, the “Read Me a Story” spokesman, kicked off a 15,000-mile cross-country bus tour, in which a cast of 10 favorite storybook characters stopped off in 61 cities and 33 states to read aloud to children at schools, hospitals, and shopping malls. Along the way, 41 mayors and governors declared “Read Me a Story” Day in their cities and states. The story bus tour ended in San Francisco on December 23, with Glover leading the largest read-aloud event ever during halftime at a San Francisco 49ers—Detroit Lions game. “Read Me a Story” was also a triumph for RIF volunteers, who had been challenged to set a world record by reading a million stories to children during the months of November and December. When the final count was tallied, RIF volun- teers had far exceeded the goal of one million stories by offer- ing 1.5 million children the chance to listen to nearly four million stories. In 1997 the National Basketball Association joined RIF in recognizing March as NBA Reading Month. Ata RIF project in West Harlem, NBA Commissioner David Stern and Hall of Famer Bob Lanier joined RIF staff in kicking off the month with a “Reading Time Out” for third graders. This was followed by other “Reading Time Out” events across the country, in which NBA team players and mascots read some of their favorite stories aloud to RIF children. In Southern California the Los Angeles Lakers and South- west Airlines sponsored a “Shaq Read 34 Challenge,” which had more than 5,000 children pledging to read 34 books apiece during the month (Shaquille O’Neal’s jersey number is 34). Those who met the challenge were honored by Shaquille during a halftime ceremony at a Lakers game. In the meantime NBA-produced public service an- nouncements for RIF continued to reach millions of viewers throughout the year. Each PSA features an NBA superstar ur- ging kids to read. The Miss America Organization and RIF joined forces to hold nationwide “Literacy Town Hall” meetings in which Miss America titleholders in each state moderated open dis- cussions with RIF third graders on what reading means to them. The meetings showed what motivates third graders to read and whether they had ready access to books. The third graders also put together some practical advice for President Clinton on what he could do to help build a nation of readers. For example, a third grader in Alamo, Tex. called on the presi- dent to “continue to support the RIF program. Whar will help me read more,” she said, “is to get more books.” Over the last 31 years, RIF has given hundreds of thousands of Native American children the chance to choose and keep their own books. The children come from dozens of Tribes, in- cluding those of the Apache, Arapahoe, Blackfeet, Cherokee, Chippewa, Choctaw, Hopi, Navajo, Oneida, Sioux, and Yaqui. RIF draws on the interests of the children by holding book events with Native American themes and by featuring titles with which the children can identify. Another asset is RIF’s special gift for working with parents. A volunteer in New Mexico tells us that mothers and fathers are raising money for RIF books by selling candy, pickles, and popcorn after school. Many of these parents cannot read. Yet they have found a way to help their children become readers. To serve more Native American children, RIF has formed partnerships wich the private sector. Fourteen years ago, the New York Life Foundation joined RIF in launching a wide- ranging program that is now serving 20,449 Native American children in 14 states. RIF has also formed a partnership with the Cerimon Fund, which supports RIF programs for more 93 than 8,000 Native American children at 55 sites west of the Mississippi River. RIF's RUNNING START® program was launched in 1989 by the Chrysler Corporation Fund. The program is known for its ability to enlist both parents and the community in help- ing each first grader meet the RUNNING START challenge of reading 21 books over an eight-to-ten-week period. Today, 80,000 first graders in 42 states are participating in RUNNING START. Last year, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation funded RUNNING START for 4,700 first graders in 34 Title I schools in Florida. In New England the Reader's Digest Foundation has underwritten a RUN- NING START program for first graders in Connecticut's Fair- field County and in the Hudson Valley of New York State. In Texas the Mobil Foundation and the Shell Oil Foundation are supporting RUNNING START programs in Dallas, Hous- ton, and Midland. And in the Midwest SC Johnson Wax, Inc., has expanded its RUNNING START program to every first grader in the School District of Racine, Wisconsin. In a homeless shelter, where the average age is just nine years old, a child doesn't have much incentive to become a reader. That is why RIF created Project Open Book®, which gets books into the hands of children in crisis and gives them a quiet reading corner where they can read and listen to stories. Last year a grant from the Meadows Foundation of Dallas enabled RIF to establish new Open Book reading corners in predominantly rural areas of Texas. This program is serving more than 9,000 children (preschool through high school) and their families at 45 shelters and other crisis facilities. Volunteers hold story hours, conduct mentoring programs, and plan drama and art activities that stimulate an interest in books. Open Book also reaches young people across the country at detention facilities, after-school programs, Native American reservations, public health clinics, welfare offices, and others settings for families in transition. Illustrators of children’s books conducted RIF Art Studio workshops for children in five cities—Chicago, Tampa, Fla., Atlanta, Ga., Pawtucket, R.I., and New York. Funded by the Metropolitan Life Foundation, the RIF Arc Studio introduced RIF youngsters to the illustrations in children’s books and then invited them to explore their own creativity. Each work- shop began with a presentation by a well-known children’s book illustrator and ended in hands-on activities in which the children created their own artwork. The activities were super- vised by RIF staff and MetLife employees. Each child took home a kit of art supplies and a new book selected from an art- themed collection of titles. Older and younger children are having fun while improv- ing their reading skills as part of Books on the Menu’, a food- themed activity program created by RIF and funded by Transmedia Network, Inc. Last year, Books on the Menu was launched in South Florida and the Washington metropolitan area. Under the program, intermediate students train to be- 94 come “bookmates” and reading mentors to first graders and kindergarten children. Each week the bookmates meet fora read together. The younger children acquire an older friend and broaden their book experiences. The older children gain self esteem by serving as role models. All bookmates have more opportunities to read and discover new books. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Charles Blitzer, Director The Woodrow Wilson Center was established as the official living memorial to the nation’s 28th president and as a place of free intellectual inquiry reflecting the full range of Woodrow Wilson's ideals and concerns. The center’s congres- sional mandate is to strengthen the links between the worlds of ideas and of public affairs. Through an annual fellowship competition, outstanding scholars from around the world are invited to the center for extended periods of research and writ- ing. In addition, the center sponsors public meetings, generates publications, and produces broadcast programs that make individual scholarship accessible to policy makers and a broad public. In a ceremony on November 1, the center signed a lease for its new home in the Ronald Reagan Building. As the center's founding legislation intended, scholars and staff will be housed in a distinctive structure on Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C. The move is scheduled to occur in the sum- mer of 1998. Joseph Flom, chairman of the center's board of trustees, and his wife Claire announced in November their intention to make a $1 million challenge grant to the center for funds to finish the interior of the new building. The grant required the center to raise an additional $2 million by July 31. Approxi- mately $750,000 was raised from individual donors, while the remaining $1.25 million was secured from a benefit dinner held in New York City. On June Io more than 500 guests gathered in New York City to honor Joseph Flom and John B. McCoy of Bank One for their contributions to the world of learning. Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan delivered the keynote speech. The event represented the largest fund-raising effort in the history of the center. Charles Blitzer, the center's director since 1988, informed the board of trustees of his intention to retire from that posi- tion on July 24, 1997. Flom said that Blitzer “will leave be- hind a body of accomplishment that speaks eloquently of his stewardship, most notable among these the growing ranks of the distinguished alumni of the center, who constitute one of our best and brightest hopes for the next century, and a fitting home for the Woodrow Wilson Center on Pennsylvania Avenue, appropriate to its charter as the official memorial to a great president.” Edward Tenner, a 1995-1996 Woodrow Wilson Center Fel- low, visiting scholar in Princeton University’s Department of Geosciences, and author of Tech Speak and Why Things Bite Back. testified before the House Committee on Rules, Sub- committee on Rules and Organization, to discuss the effects of technological innovation on the political legislative processes. Because the center’s scholars provide unique perspectives on critical issues, they are frequent participants in national dialogues with political leaders and opinion makers. In January former Secretary of State Warren Christopher participated in a roundtable discussion of environmental diplomacy at the center. The meeting brought together public- and private-sector experts to consider how the environ- ment relates to U.S. foreign policy and security objectives. 95 Members of the Smithsonian Councils, Boards, and Commissions, September 30, 1997 Smithsonian Institution Board of Regents The Honorable William H. Rehnquist, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, Chancellor, ex officio The Honorable Albert Gore, Jr., Vice President of the United States, ex officio Members of the Senate The Honorable Thad Cochran, Senator from Mississippi The Honorable Bill Frist, Senator from Tennessee The Honorable Daniel P. Moynihan, Senator from New York Members of the House of Representatives The Honorable Sam Johnson, Representative from Texas The Honorable Bob Livingston, Representative from Louisiana The Honorable Esteban Edward Torres, Representative from California Citizen Members The Honorable Howard H. Baker, Jr., Citizen of the District of Columbia 96 The Honorable Barber B. Conable, Jr., Citizen of New York Ms. Anne d’Harnoncourt, Citizen of Pennsylvania Mr. Louis V. Gerstner, Jr., Citizen of Connecticut Dr. Hanna Holborn Gray, Citizen of Illinois Dr. Manuel L. Ibafiez, Citizen of Texas Dr. Homer A. Neal, Citizen of Michigan Mr. Frank A. Shrontz, Citizen of Washington Mr. Wesley S. Williams, Jr., Citizen of the District of Columbia Senior Officers I. Michael Heyman, Secretary Constance Berry Newman, Under Secretary J. Dennis O’Connor, Provost M. John Berry, Director of Government Relations Thomas D. Blair, Inspector General Miguel A. Bretos, Counselor for Community Affairs Robert V. Hanle, Executive Director for Development James M. Hobbins, Executive Assistant to the Secretary John E. Huerta, General Counsel Thomas E. Lovejoy, Counselor for Biodiversity and Environmental Affairs Marc J. Pachter, Counselor for Electronic Communications and Special Projects David J. Umansky, Director of Communications L. Carole Wharton, Director of the Office of Planning, Management, and Budget Anacostia Museum Board Mrs. Helen Allen Mr. Stanley Anderson Mr. Glover Bullock Ms. Irene Carter Ms. Dianne Dale Mrs. Marie Dale Mrs. Iris Harris Mrs. Concha Johnson Mrs. Theresa Jones, Chairperson Mrs. Della Lowery, Recording Secretary Mr. David Lyons Dr. Cary! Marsh, Vice Chairperson Mrs. Cynthia Clark Matthews Mrs. Alenitha J. Qualls, Corresponding Secretary Archives of American Art Board of Trustees Mrs. Otto L. Spaeth, Chairman Emericus Mrs. Keith S. Wellin, Chairman Mr. Frank Martucci, President Mrs. Arthur A. Feder, Vice President Mrs. Joseph G. Fogg, Vice President Mr. Hugh Halff, Jr., Vice President Mrs. Richard Roob, Vice President Mrs. Dana M. Raymond, Secretary Mr. John R. Robinson, Treasurer Mrs. Jack S. Blanton Dr. Charles Blitzer Ms. Lori Blount Cucchiaro Mr. Gerald E. Buck Mr. Willard G. Clark Mrs. Francis de Marneffe Mr. and Mrs. Donald J. Douglass Ms. Barbara G. Fleischman Ms. Elizabeth Marsteller Gordon Mr. Raymond J. Horowitz Mrs. Bruce Karatz Mrs. Dwight M. Kendall Mr. Werner H. Kramarsky Mr. Richard A. Manoogian Mrs. John Murchison Mrs. Meyer P. Poramkin Mr. Jock Reynolds Mrs. Stephen Rubin Mrs. Christopher Stack Mr. A. Alfred Taubman Lady Judith O. Thomson Trustee Council The Honorable Max N. Berry Mr. Eli Broad Mr. Gilbert S. Edelson Mrs. Daniel Fraad Mr. John K. Howat Dr. Helen I. Jessup Mr. Alan D. Levy Mrs. Abbott K. Schlain Mr. Alan E. Schwartz Honorary Trustees Dr. Irving F. Burton Mr. Richard J. Schwartz Ex Officio Members Mr. I. Michael Heyman Mr. J. Dennis O'Connor Mr. William C. Agee Cooper-Hewztt National Design Museum Board of Trustees Mrs. Kathleen Allaire Mr. Jorge L. Batista Ms. Agnes Cowles Bourne Mr. Donald Bruckmann Mrs. Joanne Foster Mr. George J. Gillespie, III Mr. Harvey M. Krueger Ms. Elaine La Roche Mrs. Barbara Levin Mrs. Nancy A. Marks Mr. Kenneth B. Miller Mrs. Enid W. Morse Mr. William P. Rayner Mr. Harry G. Robinson, III Mr. Arthur Ross Mr. Richard M. Smith Prof. Sue Jane Smock Mr. Edward A. Weinstein Honorary Members Mrs. Joan K. Davidson Mr. Harmon H. Goldstone Ex Officio Members Mr. I. Michael Heyman Mr. J. Dennis O'Connor Council of Administrative and Service Directors Mrs. Lori H. Aceto Mr. Sudeep Anand Ms. Francine C. Berkowitz Mr. F. William Billingsley Mr. Joseph Carper Ms. Mary Leslie Casson Mr. John Cobert Mrs. Laudine L. Creighton Mr. Lee Denny Ms. Ardelle G. Foss Mr. Mike Headley Dr. Edie Hedlin Mrs. Chandra P. Heilman Mr. John E. Huerta Mr. Rick R. Johnson Ms. Nikki Krakora Ms. Era Marshall Ms. Anna B. Martin Mrs. Marie A. Mattson Mr. Patrick Miller Mr. David F. Morrell Mr. Richard H. Rice Dr. Michael H. Robinson Dr. Ira Rubinoff Ms. Cora Shores Dr. Barbara J. Smith Mr. Michael Sofield Mrs. Mary Augusta Thomas Ms. Aileen FE. Wakefield Mr. James H. Wallace, Jr. Dr. L. Carole Wharton Council of Bureau Directors Dr. Milo Cleveland Beach Dr. Elizabeth Broun Dr. Spencer R. Crew Mr. James T. Demetrion Vice Admiral Donald D. Engen Dr. Alan Fern Mrs. Patricia L. Fiske Mr. Robert Fri Mr. Steven Newsome Ms. Dianne H. Pilgrim Dr. Michael H. Robinson Dr. Ira Rubinoff Dr. Irwin I. Shapiro Dr. Richard J. Wattenmaker Mr. W. Richard West, Jr. Council of Information and Education Directors Ms. Ann P. Bay Ms. Nancy J. Bechtol Ms. Francine C. Berkowitz Mr. Joseph Carper Ms. Anna R. Cohn Dr. Zahava D. Doering Dr. Rex M. Ellis Mr. Daniel H. Goodwin Ms. Anne R. Gossett Dr. Nancy E. Gwinn Mr. Mike Headley Dr. Ethel Hedlin Mr. Paul B. Johnson Dr. Richard Kurin Dr. Douglas M. Lapp Ms. Janice Majewski Dr. Mara Mayor Ms. Mary Grace Potter Mr. David J. Umansky Dr. Lambertus Van Zelst Mr. Ronald Walker Mr. James H. Wallace, Jr. oF Folklife Advisory Council Dr. Roger Abrahams Dr. Jacinto Arias Dr. Jane Beck Dr. Pat Jasper Dr. Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett Dr. Bernice Johnson Reagon Dr. John Roberts Dr. Carol Robertson Dr. Gilbert Sprauve Dr. John Kuo Wei Tchen Dr. Ricardo Trimillos Dr. Carlos Velez-Ibanez Folkways Advisory Board Mr. Michael Asch Mr. Don DeVito Ms. Ella Jenkins Mr. Jon Kertzer Mr. John Nixdorf Freer Gallery of Art Visiting Committee Mr. Willard G. Clark, Chair Mrs. Jackson Burke Mr. Roger E. Covey Mr. Richard M. Danziger Dr. Robert S. Feinberg Mrs. Katharine M. Graham Mrs. Richard Helms Sir Joseph E. Hotung Mrs. Gilbert H. Kinney Mr. Rogerio S. Lam Mr. and Mrs. Christopher Luce Mrs. Elizabeth Moynihan Prof. Martin Powers Gursharan Sidhu Miss Shelby White 98 Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Board of Trustees Mr. Robert T. Buck, Jr. Mr. Jerome L. Greene Mr. Robert B. Lehrman Mr. Sydney L. Lewis Mrs. Camille Oliver-Hoffmann Ms. Ponchitta Pierce Prof. Robert Rosenblum Mr. Jerry I. Speyer Ex Officio Members Mr. I. Michael Heyman The Honorable William H. Rehnquist John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts Board of Trustees Honorary Chairs Mrs. Hillary Rodham Clinton Mrs. George H. W. Bush Mrs. Ronald Reagan Mrs. Jimmy Carter Mrs. Gerald R. Ford Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson Officers Mr. James A. Johnson, Chairman Mr. Kenneth M. Duberstein, Vice Chairman Ms. Alma Johnson Powell, Vice Chairman Mr. Lawrence J. Wilker, President The Honorable Jean Kennedy Smith, Secretary Ms. Charlotte A. Woolard, Assistant Secretary Mr. Paul G. Stern, Treasurer Mr. Henry M. Strong, Assistant Treasurer Mr. William Becker, General Counsel Members Appointed by the President of the United States Mrs. Anita Arnold Mr. Robert B. Barnett The Honorable Stuart A. Bernstein Mrs. Anitamarie Cafritz Mr. Ronald I. Dozoretz Mrs. Phyllis C. Draper Mr. Kenneth M. Duberstein Mrs. Marjorie M. Fisher Mr. Craig L. Fuller Mrs. Mary Galvin Mr. Lionel Hampton Ms. Phyllis Middleton Jackson Mr. James A. Johnson Ms. Ann Jordan Mr. Donald M. Koll The Honorable James A. McClure Mr. Cappy R. McGarr The Honorable William F. McSweeny, Jr. Mr. Frank H. Pearl Mr. Ronald O. Perelman Ms. Alma Johnson Powell Mrs. Casey Ribicoff Mr. Miles L. Rubin Ms. Joy A. Silverman The Honorable Jean Kennedy Smith Mr. Joshua I. Smith Mr. Jay Stein Mr. Jerry Weintraub Mr. Thomas E. Wheeler Mr. James D. Wolfensohn Members Ex Officio Designated by Act of Congress The Honorable Donna E. Shalala, Secretary of Health and Human Services The Honorable Richard W. Riley, Secretary of Education The Honorable Joseph D. Duffey, Director, U.S. Information Agency Senator Edward M. Kennedy Senator Max Baucus Senator John H. Chafee Senator Trent Lott Senator Ted Stevens Rep. Joseph M. McDade Rep. Sidney R. Yates Rep. Bud Shuster Rep. James L. Oberstar Rep. Newt Gingrich Mr. Marion Barry, Mayor, District of Columbia Mr. I. Michael Heyman, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution Dr. James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress Mr. J. Carter Brown, Chairman of the Commission of Fine Arts Mr. Robert Sranton, Director, National Park Service Founding Chairman Mr. Roger L. Stevens Chairman Emeritus Mr. James D. Wolfensohn Honorary Trustees Mr. Philip F. Anschutz Mr. James H. Evans Mrs. Alma Gildenhorn The Honorable Melvin R. Laird Mrs. J. Willard Marriott The Honorable Leonard L. Silverstein Mr. Dennis C. Stranfill Mr. Lew R. Wasserman National Air and Space Museum Advisory Board Mr. Thomas L. Blair General John R. Dailey Lieutenant General Terrence Dake The Honorable Jane Garvey Vice Admiral Richard D. Herr Mr. I. Michael Heyman Mr. Thomas W. Hoog The Honorable Sam Johnson Major General La Porte Rear Admiral Dennis V. McGinn Dr. Y.C.L. Susan Wu National Gallery of Art Board of Trustees Mr. Robert F. Erburu Mr. Julian Ganz, Jr. Mr. Alexander M. Laughlin Mrs. Louise W. Mellon Mr. Robert H. Smith Ex Officio The Honorable William H. Rehnquist, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States The Honorable Madeleine K. Albright, Secretary of State Mr. I. Michael Heyman, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution The Honorable Robert E. Rubin, Secretary of the Treasury National Museum of African Art Commussion Prof. David C. Driskell Mr. John A. Friede Mr. Joseph M. Goldenberg Dr. Joseph E. Harris Mrs. Frances Humphrey Howard Mr. Elliot Lawrence Mr. Brian S. Leyden Mr. Robin B. Martin Mr. Robert H. Nooter Mrs. Frieda Rosenthal Prof. Robert Farris Thompson The Honorable Walter E. Washington Ex Officio Member Mr. I. Michael Heyman National Museum of American Art Commission Mr. Ronald D. Abramson Mr. Norman Bernstein Mr. Frederick Brown Mr. Edwin I. Colodny Mrs. Ann Cousins Mr. Barney A. Ebsworth Mrs. Daniel Fraad Mrs. Patricia Frost Mr. Ken Hakuta Mr. Hugh Halff, Jr. Mr. Raymond J. Horowitz Mrs. Linda Lichtenberg Kaplan Mr. Melvin Lenkin Mr. Peter H. Lunder Mr. Jesus Moroles Dr. Paul D. Parkman Mr. Gerald L. Pearson Mrs. Morris Pynoos Mrs. Francoise Rambach Mr. Frank K. Ribelin Mr. Richard J. Schwartz Mr. Samuel A. Yanes Emeritus Members Mr. Walker Hancock Mr. R. Crosby Kemper, Jr. Mrs. Nan Tucker McEvoy Mr. David S. Purvis Mr. Charles Sawyer National Museum of the American Indian Board of Trustees Mr. Manley Alan Begay, Jr. Mr. James A. Block Mr. Ellsworth Brown Mr. George L. Cornell Mr. Billy L. Cypress Mr. Vine Deloria, Jr. Dr. Catherine S. Fowler Mr. Doug George-Kanentuio Mr. Dwight Gourneau Mr. George Gund, II Mr. I. Michael Heyman Mr. Peter J. Johnson Mrs. Loretta Kaufman Mr. Albert Kookesh Ms. Henrietta Mann Ms. Linda Manzanilla Mr. Gerald R. McMaster Ms. Joann Sebastian Morris Mr. Jorge A. Flores Ochoa Mr. J. Dennis O’Connor Ms. Nancy Clark Reynolds Ms. Luci Tapahanso Mr. Bernard Julian Whitebear Ms. Phyllis Young Ms. Ofelia Zepeda 99 National Museum of American History Board Dr. Ivan Selin, Chair Ms. Marilyn Bergman Dr. Alison R. Bernstein Mr. Peter Claussen Mr. Lester Colbert, Jr. Mrs. Dollie A. Cole The Honorable Barber B. Conable, Jr. Mr. George M. Ferris, Jr. Mr. George C. Freeman, Jr. Prof. Neil Harris Dr. William Haseltine Mr. Robert F. Hemphill, Jr. Ms. Irene Y. Hirano Thomas W. Langfitt, M.D. Mr. Elihu Rose Seymour I. Schwartz, M.D. Marvin D. Williams, Mr National Museum of Natural History Board Dr. Isabella C.M. Cunningham Dr. David Dilcher Dr. Thomas Eisner Dr. William B. Ellis Mr. Robert Fri Mr. Edward O. Gaylord Mr. Arthur Gray, Jr. Mr. John S. Hendricks Mr. David M. Hicks Dr. Stanley O. Ikenberry Mrs. Jean Lane Mr. Robert H. Malott The Honorable James A. McClure Mr. Jeffery W. Meyer Dr. Nancy R. Morin Dr. Colin Patterson Mr. James R. Patton, Jr. Dr. David R. Pilbeam Ms. Desiree G. Rogers Mr. Alan G. Spoon Mr. Marshall C. Turner, Jr. Mr. Milton H. Ward Mr. Howard H. Williams, III Emeritus Mr. S. Dillon Ripley, II 100 Ex Officio Members Mr. I. Michael Heyman Mr. J. Dennis O’Connor National Portrait Gallery Commission The Honorable Anthony C. Beilenson Prof. Stephen Jay Gould Ms. Julie Harris Prof. David Levering Lewis Prof. R.W.B. Lewis Ms. Bette Bao Lord The Honorable Robert B. Morgan Prof. Barbara Novak Ex Officio Members Mr. I. Michael Heyman, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution Dr. Earl A. Powell III, Director, National Gallery of Art The Honorable William H. Rehnquist, Chief Justice, U.S. Supreme Court National Postal Museum Advisory Commission Mr. Cary H. Baer The Honorable Winton M. Blount Mrs. Lovida Coleman Ms. Amina Dickerson Ms. Meredith Fischer Mr. Azeezaly Jaffer The Honorable John M. McHugh Mr. Arthur H. Morowitz Mr. Tim E. Needham Mr. John J. O’Connor, III Mr. James E. Pehta Ms. Elizabeth C. Pope Mr. Douglas A. Riggs Mrs. Jeanette Cantrell Rudy Mr. Edwin M. Schmidt The Honorable Robert Setrakian The Honorable Ted Stevens National Postal Museum Coordinating Committee The Honorable Susan E. Alvarado Mr. Richard H. Arvonio Ms. Ardelle Foss Mr. Rick R. Johnson Dr. J. Dennis O'Connor The Honorable Marvin T. Runyon National Postal Museum Director’s Circle The Honorable Paul Carlin, Chairman Mr. Maynard H. Benjamin Mrs. Joan Berkley Mr. Thomas J. Berry Mr. Kieran A. Carracher Mr. Victor Forman Mr. James Forsythe Mr. Coleman Williams Hoyt Mr. Floyd Ivey Ms. F. Suzanne Jenniches Ms. Julia Brier Marr Mr. Joe Monastro Mr. John Murchake Mr. John O'Dell Mr. James E. Pehta Mr. Chris Rebello Mr. Ernesto J. Rojas Mr. Andrew Rouse Mr. Francis Ruggiero Mr. Thomas Stoneback Mr. John Zanchi National Science Resources Center Advisory Board Dr. Joseph A. Miller, Jr., Chair Ms. Ann P. Bay Ms. DeAnna Banks Beane Dr. Fred P. Corson Dr. Goéry Delacéte Ms. JoAnn DeMaria Dr. Peter Dow Dr. Hubert M. Dyasi Dr. Bernard S. Finn Dr. Robert M. Fitch Dr. Jerry P. Gollub Dr. Ana M. Guzman Dr. Anders Hedberg Dr. Richard Hinman Dr. David Jenkins Ms. Mildred E. Jones Dr. John W. Layman Dr. Leon M. Lederman Ms. Sarah A. Lindsey Dr. Lynn Margulis Dr. Ted Maxwell Dr. Mara Mayor Dr. John A. Moore Dr. Carlo Parravano Dr. Robert W. Ridky Ms. Ruth O. Selig Dr. Maxine F. Singer Mr. Robert D. Sullivan Dr. Gerald F Wheeler Dr. Richard L. White Dr. Paul H. Williams Ms. Karen L. Worth National Zoological Park Advisory Board Mr. Peter C. Andrews Mr. Robert A. Bartlett, Jr. Mr. William H. Berman Dr. David Challinor The Honorable Jeannine Smith Clark Mr. George A. Didden, III Mrs. Elizabeth B. Frazier Ms. Caroline D. Gabel Mrs. Laura Howell Mrs. Clinton W. Kelly, II Dr. William Ramsay Mr. Jeffrey R. Short, Jr. Mrs. Judith Stockdale Mr. Henry M. Strong Mrs. Beatrix von Hoffmann Mr. Wesley S. Williams, Jr. Honorary Members Mrs. Joan Donner Mrs. Ruth S. Holmberg Mrs. Adrienne Mars Reading Is Fundamental, Inc., Board of Directors Ms. Alexandra Armstrong Ms. Letitia Baldridge Ms. Loretta Barrett Mrs. Susan Bayh Mr. Leo Beebe Mrs. Laura Bush Mr. Robert W. Coy, Jr. Mr. James C. Curvey Mr. Basel Dalloul Ms. Patricia Diaz Dennis, Esq. Mr. Lloyd Derrickson, Esq. Mr. Robert S. Diamond Mr. Samuel B. Ethridge Ms. Annette M. Felanzi Dwyer Mr. Lon Greenberg Mr. Lawrence A. Hough Ms. Pamela Koprowski Ms. Naralie Lang Mrs. Kathryn W. Lumley Dr. Floretta McKenzie Ms. Nell Minow Mr. Richard J. Pinola Ms. Betty Prashker Mr. Bruce A. Quinnell Mrs. Lois D. Rice Mrs. Anne Richardson Mrs. Lynda Johnson Robb Mrs. Jean Head Sisco Ms. Cam Starrett Mr. David J. Stern Mr. Arthur White Smithsonian National Board Mrs. Jean Mahoney, Chair Mr. Clive Runnells, Vice Chair Current Members Sir Valentine Abdy The Honorable Max N. Berry Mrs. Laura Lee Blanton Mrs. John M. Bradley Mr. Stephen F. Brauer The Honorable Henry E. Catto Mr. Peter R. Coneway Mr. Thomas Edward Congdon Ms. Allison Stacey Cowles Mr. Frank A. Daniels, Jr. Baron Eric de Rothschild Mr. Archie W. Dunham Mrs. Patricia Frost Ms. Nely Galan Mr. Bert A. Getz Mr. Paul Hertelendy Mrs. Ruth S. Holmberg Mr. S. Roger Horchow Mr. Robert L. James Mrs. Donald W. Jeffries Mrs. James W. Kinnear Mrs. Marie L. Knowles The Honorable Marc E. Leland Mr. Donald G. Lubin Mrs. Elizabeth S. MacMillan Ms. Holly Madigan Mr. Frank N. Magid Mrs. John F. Mars Mr. Michael Peter McBride Mrs. Nan Tucker McEvoy Mr. Kenneth B. Miller The Honorable Norman Y. Mineta Mr. Thomas D. Mullins Mr. Rupert Murdoch Mrs. Lucio A. Noto Mrs. Vivian W. Piasecki Mr. Heinz C. Prechter Mrs. Charles H. Price, II Mr. A.R. Tony Sanchez Mr. David M. Silfen The Honorable Alan K. Simpson Ms. Kathy Daubert Smith Mr. Kenneth L. Smith Mr. Kelso F. Sutton Mr. Jeffrey N. Watanabe Mr. Frank A. Weil Mrs. Nancy Brown Wellin Mr. Anthony Welters Mr. Daniel W. Yohannes Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Visiting Committee Mrs. John B. Bunker, Chair Mr. George J. Fan Mrs. Hart Fessenden Dr. Kurt A. Gitter Dr. Florence Cawthorne Ladd Ms. Marie Lam Iol Mrs. James R. Lilley Mrs. Jill Hornor Ma Dr. Kenneth X. Robbins Mrs. Arthur M. Sackler Mr. Sichan Siv Mr. Michael R. Sonnenreich Mr. Aboulala Soudavar Mr. Robert Ching Tang Smithsonian Institution Archives and Special Collections Council Mrs. Rachel M. Allen Mr. Alan L. Bain Mr. James B. Byers Mr. Timothy Carr Ms. Cecilia H. Chin Ms. Maygene Daniels Dr. John A. Fleckner Ms. Christraud Geary Ms. Marilyn Graskowiak Dr. Nancy E. Gwinn Mr. Robert S. Harding Dr. Edie Hedlin Ms. Colleen A. Hennessey Dr. Pamela M. Henson Mr. John Homiak Ms. Janet Kennelly Mr. Paul Kimberly Ms. Gail Lowe Ms. Lillian Miller Ms. Lauranne C. Nash Ms. Tammy Peters Mr. C. Jeffrey Place Dr. Marc Rothenberg Dr. Barbara J. Smith Dr. Thomas F. Soapes Ms. Joan R. Srahl Mr. Paul H. Theerman Mr. William G. Tompkins Ms. Linda A. Thrift Mr. James H. Wallace, Jr. Mrs. Beverly Westermeyer Ms. Kathleen Williams Mr. Paul Wood Mr. Mark A. Wright Dr. Judith K. Zilczer 102 Smithsonian Institution Council Dr. Arjun Appadurai Dr. Joyce O. Appleby Dr. Mary Frances Berry Mr. Luis R. Cancel Dr. George R. Carruthers Dr. Linda S. Cordell Dr. Ruth Schwartz Cowan Prof. Freeman J. Dyson Mr. David R. Gergen Dr. Arturo Gomez-Pompa Dr. Daniel H. Janzen Dr. Michael Kammen Prof. J. Jorge Klor de Alva Dr. Shirley M. McBay Ms. Cheryl McClenney-Brooker Dr. Gordon H. Orians Mr. Richard J. Powell Dr. Lauren B. Resnick Ms. Beryl B. Simpson Dr. John Kuo Wei Tchen Dr. Susan Mullin Vogel Dr. Frederic Wakeman Dr. John Walsh Dr. Katharine J. Watson Dr. Tomas Ybarra-Frausto Smithsonian Institution Libraries Users Advisory Committee Ms. Melanie Bond Mr. Paul E. Ceruzzi Ms. Ana Maria Ford Ms. Patricia Gossel Ms. Elaine L. Johnston Dr. Thomas E. Lowderbaugh Dr. Nancy L. Matthews Dr. Sorena S. Sorensen Mr. Melvin J. Wachowiak, Jr. Smithsonian Washington Council Mr. R. Robert Linowes, Chairman Mr. Oliver T. Carr Mr. Donald Edward Graham Mr. Ellioct S. Hall Mr. J. Roderick Heller, III Mr. Mario M. Morino Mrs. Irene Pollin Mr. John R. Risher, Jr. Mrs. Vicki Sant Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Board of Trustees The Honorable James A. Baker, III Dr. James H. Billington Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Esq. The Honorable Warren M. Christopher The Honorable Joseph D. Duffey Mr. Joseph H. Flom, Esq. Dr. Sheldon Hackney Ms. Jean L. Hennessey Mr. I. Michael Heyman Dr. Gertrude Himmelfarb Dr. Carol Iannone Mr. Eli S. Jacobs Mr. Paul Hae Park Dr. Trudy H. Peterson The Honorable Richard W. Riley The Honorable S. Dillon Ripley, II The Honorable Donna E. Shalala Smithsonian Women’s Committee Mrs. Donald W. Jeffries, Chairman Mrs. James M. Beggs, Vice Chairman Mrs. J. Edward Day, Co-Secretary Mrs. Margaret Camp, Co-Secretary Ms. Cissel Gort Collins, Treasurer Ms. Allison Butler Herrick, Assistant Treasurer Mrs. Charles E. Allen Mrs. Martin Atlas Mrs. Marilyn Barrett Mrs. Christine Blazina Mrs. Annelise Brand Mrs. Margaret Bush Mrs. Doniphan Carter Mrs. Frank B. Clay Mrs. Richard Cobb Mrs. Margaret Collins Mrs. Willis D. Critcenberger, Jr. Mrs. Allen R. Cross, Jr. Mrs. Fritz Daguillard Mrs. Helen Davison Mrs. John Franklin Mrs. Harriet Sweeney Fraunfelter Mrs. Jill Fri Mrs. Mary Goldberg Mrs. William F. Gorog Mrs. Gloria Shaw Hamilton Mrs. Karl G. Harr, Jr. Mrs. Henry L. Heymann Mrs. Stanford R. Hicks Mrs. John Hunnicutt Mrs. Walter Innis Mrs. Ronald Ivey Mrs. Joanne Johnson Mrs. Betty Kadick Mrs. Pamela Kloman Mrs. Carol Kuehl Ms. Patricia Larkin Mrs. Bruce K. MacLaury Mrs. William S. Mailliard Mrs. Alexander M. Maish Mrs. Arthur K. Mason Mrs. Joan Lambert McPhee Mrs. Ruth Metcalf Mrs. J. Suzanne Moore Mrs. Horace White Peters Mrs. Charles L. Poor Mrs. C. Michael Price Mrs. Thomas Malcolm Price Ms. Judy Lynn Prince Mrs. William C. Rountree Mrs. Arden Ruttenberg Mrs. John A. Sargent Mrs. Alice Sessions Mrs. Joy Vige Mrs. Charles Swan Weber Mrs. John R. Webster Mrs. Philip C. White Smithsonian Internship Council Ms. Pablita T. Abeyta Mrs. Lori H. Aceto Ms. Frederica Adelman Ms. Victoria Avera Mr. Daryl Ayers Ms. Andrea Bagdy Ms. Myra Y. Banks Ms. Lisa Bennett Ms. Ann M. Bissell Ms. Teresia Bush Ms. Susan Mond Carpenter Ms. Faya Causey Ms. Pedra Chaffers Ms. Anita Chapa Ms. Montrose R. Cones Ms. Deirdre Cross Ms. Georgina de Alba Dr. Zahava D. Doering Ms. Kimberly L. Dow Ms. Mary W. Dyer Ms. Betty Epps Ms. Paula Fletemeyer Ms. Ann R. Garvey Mr. Robert L. Hall Ms. Joanie Heavey Mrs. Judith H. Houston Ms. Pamela Elizabeth Hudson Ms. Jean Kalata Mr. Peter Kibbee Mr. Bruce R. Kirby Ms. Elizabeth Kirwin Mrs. Sharon F. Leathery Ms. Nancy Lewis Ms. Sherri Manning Ms. Cathy Maree Ms. Elena Mayberry Ms. Lisa Mazzola Mr. John Minnick Ms. Dana Moreland Mr. Bruce Morrison Mrs. Sandra Narva Ms. Lauranne C. Nash Ms. Rachel Orgeron Ms. Karen Oriji Ms. Arlene Reiniger Dr. Marc Rothenberg Ms. Alyce Sadongei Ms. Mary Sangrey Mrs. Magdalene C. Schremp Ms. Heidi L.R. Schwartz Ms. Susan Secakuku Ms. Karen B. Smith Mr. Tim Smith Ms. Beth W. Tidwell Mr. William G. Tompkins Ms. Esther Washington Mrs. Susan R. Watson Ms. Sabina Wiedenhoeft Mr. Donald C. Williams Mr. Michael Wilpers Ms. Frances Yeh Mr. Howard Youth Ms. Elizabeth K. Ziebarth 103 ‘(ajsed) Furppimng vonnansuy uvTuOst ug ‘Pg SAatpovy atvsorg |IIEY JATIS “THH UAATIS '423UID AIdry uo. 's “AAT YM SAray]UH yornuay “MOIANAY ‘tunasnyy [vasog puuonuNy WdN ‘AraTPUD ivssog pLuoNUyy ‘Od N ‘Asoastpy pusnaeny jo wnasnyy uOneN “HNN ‘uvipuy uvstowy ay) jo woasnyy [uoneN ‘TYWN ‘4y0istp] ueouawy JO unas VUONUAY “HYYWN ‘Uy uvoieury jo wnasny jvuoneyy “VVWN ‘YY Uvonyy jo wnasny JvuOnUN “WJVWWN stunasnyy adudg 2g any Juuoneyy ‘WSVN ‘vapsey amnaidjnog pue wnasnyy UWIOYYSIF] ‘OSWH ‘uy jo Asayey Joo WAITUA Swunasnyy ustisag JuuONLN ‘IMapPY-Jodooy ‘FI-9 swunasnyy ensoovuy ‘wy ‘Arye JPpPUS “W INyUY “YWATMOYsS ‘surpying salmsnpuy puv sry ‘pey :puadaT TEOESESZ™ §=—- ~QOQRHI 1760627 —s Ib TGGKE ozzgggz = LEQ SIE Lidbzit 66r1Ibz 9gbZZi1 ZLOEFIT ZLg00z71_ ~— oSgg zr o9gZtzI [P10], ggzosr SSSTE €167h LiLgb tboob 16£Eb oSbhz$ Liter GI1Zte 6S62z TOEIE tOtHT tLSET WdN LSSQ 979 098 bS6 g$8 6£8 S66 666 Sb SEE Sob 995 Z99 TIA WAATIS tQ6LLS bgotr SEz9S £9209 ££EzS zo Lbs 9Lsbs o$11$ EES GbIZE gooIr Itosh gZsse IVWN 6LShEI zLOl Lanrat 19ghI 69$z1 SLLo1 fovzI SSZor 9628 91901 TIR6 bob 7068 AATd I Lz99L1 tLOLI 06S$1 t6LEI TBST gZsi €Zg9g1 LoZgr ZOIOI goZ6 QtEEI osoht LeU WATMIOVS £oLZzz oSZi1 L7B9T O£1R7 L961 Ot6bz 6LzET Lobiz OvI61 tOPII Sg6Ir gZthi Ogre VIVINN Fogoolr $9S9 9096 9786 €Z9o1 9$zo1 SPIOI 969 9969 gtzZ bog t69L 6002 H-D gozl £ fe) fe) 9St fe) fe) 78 SLoz Laas SoLr TET 656 WV 6zzLoL 0g99$ bose 6bSR6 OOllg 6FESG 6LSER 86899 thoot oosZt Sggob 9Igib Lozgh OSWH Z1Z6$95 SSgfo€ ozsg19 LS9L16 981902 S€z1ZZ 99LESL gr9oges gogztz bSogtz TOETOT SIgOgz Igtibz HNWN Zgfgo1s IghLbz S1SShS LZgsSZto £hoZ6S 067789 bSgliZ tSoizs Shz0gt Ibifoz bgsotz gtZoiz 9$zZLiz HVWN 88607 oLobt SSber £0161 ZoSgr £0961 £6boz b£o61 Lozst 6bbbr 10ZZ1 £96h1 GLEET VVWN 90Sgg1 gtZg gSgol I9I9I £1951 LUSS1 G7YRI LESQI oLbst SLyu OISt1 bgzhi z6bg DdN Ighze1 O66 blo 6boor 1OvII Latxal boZs1 £oSt1 (40) 49) gg 6bbzi 6S9O1 g6Sor MOIMNAY 6£606z Zgg61 goozt ELOee OgI6z IGIO£ bibgz 6bue S71 $6061 o9bZi 97691 SoLZ1 WAM GES6LER thobis TIELEOOI bibgelt £01£96 Sgzogor £gbhgoo! botsSZZ OfZEEE bSOSEE bebpre O1t hee 886go0r WSVN ghtgR6 Sogso 1£6$86 OS6EET LLtbo1 1S6So1 ZSzoo1 90926 SLEES S6EbL $9685 SgSsSh thzEs [ey TLIZIQI Zo6S71 19bg0z obZigz 1Zz107 Z6OIgI L6L90z 9$0LZL1 gotZo oStZ6 bz918 6bSge ZIOZLII Is [viol dag any we un, Avy idy - IV qa uet — aaq — AON DO durpying LOGI Jed [eoshy UF Solyoyyeo) puve summasnyy VOTINIFISUT URTUOSYAITUS ay 01 SISTA, 104 Academic, Research Training, and Internship Appointments and Research Associates in Fiscal Year 1997 The first section lists recipients of fellowships and other appointments awarded to scholars and advanced students under the auspices of the Office of Fellowships and Grants. Students and museum professionals who held museum internships or participated in special projects administered by the Center for Museum Services are listed in the second section. The third section contains a listing of Smithsonian Research Associates. Academic and Research Training Appointments The Smithsonian offers, through the Office of Fellow- ships and Grants, research and study appointments to visiting scientists, scholars, and students. The appoin- tees are provided access to the Institution’s facilities, staff specialties, and reference resources. The persons— listed by unit or office—in this Appendix began their residencies between October 1, 1996, and September 30, 1997, and have been in residence for three months or longer. Predoctoral and Postdoctoral Fellows, Visiting Scientists or Scholars, and other awardees and par- ticipants in special programs are so listed. Listed for each Fellow or Visitor is the institution where each received or expects to receive a degree, or the home university or institution; a brief description of the project undertaken at the Smithsonian; the Smithsonian advisor; and dates of residency. Anacostia/Center for African American History and Culture Melissa Rachleff, Visiting Scholar, New York, New York. “A Critical Survey of the African American Press 1827— Present,” with Deborah Willis from October 1, 1996 to March 31, 1997. Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies Maria-Jose Moreno, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Columbia University. “The Historical and Future Development of Hispanic Museums: A Sociological Approach,” with Olivia Cadaval and Marvette Perez from April 1, 1997 to March 31, 1998. Conservation Analytical Laboratory Catherine Magee, Visiting Scientist, Reno, Nevada. “Analysis of Structure 26 Tomb at Copan, Honduras,” with Donald Williams from November 1, 1996 to October 31, 1997. Susan Peschken, Visiting Scholar, Queen’s University, Canada. “Analysis, Treatment, and Research of the Desalination of Ceramics or Other Archaeological Materials,” with Donald Williams from October 1, 1996 to September 30, 1997. Sarah Srauderman, Postgraduate Fellow, Princeton University. “Postgraduate Fellowship in Archives Preservation,” with Donald Williams from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1998. C. Mei-An Tsu, Visiting Scholar, Mountain Lakes, New Jer- sey. “The Desalination of Harrapan Terracotta Bangles,” with Donald Williams from October 1, 1996 to September 30, 1997. Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum Paul Makovsky, Peter Krueger-Christie’s Fellow, University of Toronto. “Theories of Visual Design: The Life and Work of Ladislav Sutnar,” with Stephen Van Dyk from July 1, 1997 to June 30, 1998. 105 Freer Gallery of Art/Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Annapurna Garimella, Predoctoral Fellowship, Columbia University. “Sakhi: Friendship and Narrative Agency in Rajput Painted Manuscripts,” with Vidya Dehejia and Milo Beach from March 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Valerie Gouet, Kress Fellow, Ecole Nationale du Patrimoine, IFROA, Paris. “Treatment, Manipulation, and Conserva- tion of East Asian Paintings,” with Akihiro Kato from April 1, 1997 to March 31, 1998. Andrew K.Y. Leung, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Pennsylvania. “Central-Pillar Cave Architecture in China and Central Asia,” with Thomas Lawton from September 15, 1997 to March 14, 1998. Jennifer G. Purtle, Predoctoral Fellowship, Yale University. “Placing Their Mark: An Art-Historical Geography of Min {Fujian} Painters of the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644),” with Joseph Chang and Jan Stuart from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Cindy Connelly Ryan, Forbes Fellow, Institute of Fine Arts. “Binding Media in Central Asian Manuscript Paintings,” with Christopher Maines and John Winter from October I, 1996 to October 31, 1997. Michelle Taube, Forbes Fellow, State University of New York, Stony Brook. “Creation of a Database of the Metallographic Samples of Asian Bronzes at the Freer Gallery,” with W. Thomas Chase from September I5, 1997 to September 14, 1998. Woodman Taylor, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Chicago. “Constructing Encounters with Krishna: The Poetics and Liturgical Uses of Hindu Pichvai Paintings,” with Milo Beach and Vidya Dehejia from March 1, 1997 to August 31, 1997. National Air and Space Museum Erik K. Conway, Guggenheim Fellow, University of Min- nesota. “Blind Landings: Government, Industry, Labor and the Construction of a Large Technical System, 1918-1950,” with Paul Ceruzzi and Michael Neufeld from August 1, 1997 to July 31, 1998. Anthony Charles Cook, Earth and Planetary Sciences Fellow, DLR Berlin-Adlershof. “A Study of the Topography of Mer- cury Using Digital Stereo Analysis,” with Thomas Watters from August Is, 1997 to August 14, 1998. Dik A. Daso, Verville Fellow, University of South Carolina. “A Biography of General Henry Harley ‘Hap’ Arnold,” with Michael Neufeld and Donald Lopez from August 15, 1997 to August 14, 1998. 106 Tilak Hewagama, Visiting Scientist, University of Maryland, College Park. “Direct Obervations of the Global Stratos- pheric Wind Fields of Jupiter and Titan,” with Jeffrey Goldstein from September 1, 1997 to April 30, 1998. Scott C. Mest, Graduate Fellowship, University of Pittsburgh. “Geologic Studies of Outflow Channels and Valley Net- works in the Martian Southern Highlands,” with James Zimbelman and Robert Craddock from June 2, 1997 to August 8, 1997. Gerald E. Miller, Visiting Scholar, Retired U.S. Navy Officer. “Naval Aviation and Nukes: Naval Aviation’s Struggle to Arrain a Realistic Nuclear Weapons Delivery Capability,” with Thomas Crouch and Donald Engen from October 1, 1996 to September 30, 1997. Williamson Murray, Charles A. Lindbergh Chair in Aerospace History, Marine Corps University. “Revolutions in Military Affairs; History of World War I,” with Thomas Crouch from August I, 1997 to July 31, 1998. John S. Olszowka, Predoctoral Fellowship, Binghamton University. “From Shop Floor to Flight: Work and Or- ganized Labor in the Aircraft Industry, 1914-1950,” with Dominick Pisano and Michael Neufeld from September 1, 1997 to November 30, 1997. Shobita Satyapal, Garber Fellowship, University of Rochester. “Probing the Obscured Nuclei of Starburst and Seyfert Galaxies: The Genesis, Nature, and Evolution of their Nuclear Activity,” with Matthew Greenhouse from October 15, 1996 to October 14, 1997. National Museum of African Art Boureima Tiekoroni Diamitani, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Iowa. “Identity, Power Association, and Art Among the Tagwa-Senufo of Burkina,” with Philip Raven- hill from September 1, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Wendy A. Grossman, Graduate Fellowship, The University of Maryland. “Modernist Primitivism in Photography: Man Ray Beyond ‘Noire et Blanche’,” with Christraud Geary and Merry Foresta from June 23, 1997 to August 29, 1997. National Museum of American Art Johanna Winship Buffalo, James Renwick Fellowship, Cazenovia College. “Ceramic Plates, Their Makers and In- fluences,” with Jeremy Adamson from January I, 1997 to June 30, 1997. Jane A. Dini, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Califor- nia, Santa Cruz. “Public Bodies: Form and Identity in the Work of John Singer Sargent,” with Richard Murray from September 1, 1997 to August 3I, 1998. Randall Ray Griffey, Roby Fellow, University of Kansas. “Marsden Hartley’s Late Paintings: American Masculinity and National Identity in the 1930s,” with Elizabeth Broun and Virginia Mecklenburg from August Is, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Adam Jay Lerner, Predoctoral Fellowship, The Johns Hopkins University. “Contextualizing Mount Rushmore: The Moral and Political Role of Monumental Art in the Progressive Era,” with George Gurney from September I, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Laura Malosetti Costa, Visiting Scholar, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina. “The Role of Frontier Myths in the Con- struction of National Iconic Repertoires in Argentina and the United States XIX Century Art,” with William Truett- ner from November 15, 1996 to March 15, 1997. Gay R. McDonald, Frost Fellow, University of Illinois at Ur- bana-Champaign. “The Museum of Modern Art in Europe: The Reconstruction of America’s Cultural Identity,” with Virginia Mecklenburg from September 15, 1997 to June 14, 1998. Kevin Melchionne, James Renwick Fellow in American Crafts, Brooklyn, NY. “A Philosophical Approach to the Studio Crafts,” with Jeremy Adamson from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Paul Sternberger, Predoctoral Fellowship, Columbia University. “Photography and Landscape in America, 1880-1900: Between Amateur and Aesthete,” with William Truettner and Merry Foresta from March 1, 1997 to July 31, 1997. National Museum of American History Kevin C. Armitage, Graduate Fellowship, University of Kan- sas. “‘What We Can't Afford to Let Alone’: The Market Uses of Nature Imagery in Turn-of-the-Century America,” with Charles McGovern and Fath Davis Ruffins from June 2, 1997 to August 8, 1997. Douglas C. Baynton, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Iowa. “Disability: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis,” with Barbara Clark Smith and Patricia Gossel from August 15, 1997 to August 14, 1998. Angela Blake, Predoctoral Fellowship, American University. “This Is New York! Iconographies and Itineraries of the City, 1890-1940,” with Charles McGovern from May 1, 1997 to October 31, 1997. Kevin Leonard Borg, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Delaware. “Technology’s Middle Ground: The Dissemina- tion of Technical Knowledge in the Automobile Main- tenance and Repair Industry,” with Roger White and Pete Daniel from February 1, 1997 to May 31, 1997. Elspeth H. Brown, Predoctoral Fellowship, Yale University. “Taylorized Bodies: Work, Photography, and Consumer Culture in America, 1890-1930,” with Charles McGovern and Peter Liebhold from September 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Richard Candee, Lemelson Center Senior Fellow, Boston University. “Invention and Mechanization in Nineteenth- Century American Knitting Industry,” with Arthur Molel- la from January 1, 1997 to April 30, 1997. Lorena Chambers, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Michigan. “From Aztec Villages to Toltec Towns: Identity and Nationalism in Consumer Imagery of Mexicans, 1893— 1931,” with Fath Ruffins from April 1, 1997 to September 30, 1997. Ann Chirhart, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Emory University. “Torches of Light: African American and White Female Teachers in the Georgia Upcountry, 1910-1955,” with Pete Daniel and Spencer Crew from January 1, 1997 to April 30, 1997. Catherine C. Cocks, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of California, Davis. “A City Excellent to Behold: Urban Tourism and the Commodification of Public Life, 1850—- 1915,” with Charles McGovern from January 1, 1997 to June 30, 1997. Roger A. Davidson, Jr., Predoctoral Fellowship, Howard University. “A Question of Loyalty: The Potomac Flotilla and Civil Insurrection in the Chesapeake Region,” with James Horton from June 1, 1997 to August 31, 1997. Gregory Dreicer, Visiting Scholar, Cornell University. “Net- works of Invention,” with Arthur Molella from April 1, 1997 to August 31, 1997. David M.-P. Freund, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. “Racial Imagery in Politics and Popular Culture, 1940-1967,” with Pete Daniel and Charles McGovern from September I, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Alicia M. Gamez, Predoctoral Fellowship, Stanford Univer- sity. “Seeing Race: Vision and the Formation of Nineteenth- Century American Racial Thought,” with Marvette Perez and Fath Davis Ruffins from June 1, 1997 to November 30, 1997- Timothy Gilfoyle, Senior Fellowship, Loyola University. “A Pickpocket’s Tale: George Appo and the Urban Under- worlds of Late-19th-Century America,” with Lonnie Bunch and Fath Ruffins from May I, 1997 to May 31, 1997. Catherine Gudis, Predoctoral Fellowship, Yale University. “A Landscape of Signs: Outdoor Advertising in America, 1920— 1990,” with Charles McGovern and Fath Davis Ruffins from June I, 1997 to August 31, 1997. William P. Jones, Graduate Fellowship, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. “The Blues as Occupational Folklore: Barrelhouse Pianists and African American Lum- ber Workers in the South, 1929-1940,” with Pete Daniel from June 2, 1997 to August 8, 1997. Anthony Kaye, Predoctoral Fellowship, Columbia University. “The Personality of Power: The Political Ideology of Slaves and Freedmen in the Natchez District and the Delta of Mis- 107 sissippi, 1830-1875,” with Pete Daniel and Charles McGovern from January I, 1997 to June 30, 1997. B. Zorina Khan, Lemelson Center Senior Fellow, Bowdoin College. “The Progress of Useful Arts: Inventive Activity and the Patent System in the Early Republic,” with Arthur Molella from June I, 1997 to August 27, 1997. Angela Lakwete, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Delaware. “Cotton Ginning in America, 1780-1880,” with Pete Daniel and Steven Lubar from June I, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Stuart Leslie, Lemelson Center Senior Fellow, Johns Hopkins University. “The Promises and the Pitfalls of Using the Silicon Valley as a Model for Regional Economic Develop- ment,” with Arthur Molella from January 1, 1997 to June 30, 1997. Brian O'Neil, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Califor- nia, Los Angeles. “Reel to Real: The Relations Between ‘Latin’ Stars and Society, 1935-1960,” with Marvette Perez and Charles McGovern from February I, 1997 to June 30, 1997. Richard C. Rath, Predoctoral Fellowship, Brandeis University. “Early American Soundways, 1600-1800,” with Pete Daniel and Peter Seitel from September 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997. Barbara Savage, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Unversity of Penn- sylvania. “Broadcasting Freedom: Radio, War, and the Roots of Civil Rights Liberalism, 1938-1948,” with Spencer Crew and Anthony Brown from October 1, 1996 to June 30, 1997. Hugh R. Slotten, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Wis- consin, Madison. “Broadcast Technologies and Public Policy: Government Regulations of Radio and Television in the United States, 1920-1960,” with Bernard Finn and Ar- thur Molella from August I, 1997 to July 31, 1998. Andrew B. Smith, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of California, Los Angeles. “Reels of Blood and Thunder: A History of the Nickelodeon Western,” with Lonn Taylor and Charles McGovern from August I5, 1997 to June 30, 1998. Marilyn A. Zoidis, Predoctoral Fellowship, Carnegie Mellon University. “Private and Public Places: Constructing a Mid- dle Class Way of Life in Pittsburgh, 1870-1930,” with Char- les McGovern from August 15, 1997 to December 14, 1997. National Museum of Natural History John Alroy, Visiting Scientist, University of Chicago. “Body Mass in North American Cenozoic Mammals,” with Scort Wing from September 1, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Jonathan W. Armbruster, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Illinois-Urbana/Champaign. “The Evolution of Wood- 108 eating in the Loricariid Catfish genus Cochliodon.” with Richard Vari from September I, 1997 to August 3I, 1998. Richard Ash, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Open University, United Kingdom. “Micromeasurement of Oxygen Isotopes in Early Solar System Materials,” with Glenn MacPherson from October 1, 1996 to September 30, 1997. Andrew Brower, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Cornell University. “Systematics of the Heliconiinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphal- idae),” with Robert Robbins from March 1, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Emilio Bruna, Graduate Fellowship, University of California, Davis. “Effect of Habitat Fragmentation on Tropical Plant- Pollinator Interactions,” with W. John Kress from January 6, 1997 to March 14, 1997. Larry Buckley, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Southern IIlinois University. “Morphological and Molecular Evolution of Iguanid Lizards: Controversy or Congruence?,” with Kevin De Queiroz and David Swofford from March 1, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Elizabeth J. Catlos, Graduate Fellowship, University of California, Los Angeles. “In Situ Ion Probe Analysis of Al- lanite: A Potential Geochronologic Tool,” with Sorena Sorenson from June 16, 1997 to August 22, 1997. Philip E. Coyle, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Arizona. “The Material Culture and Social Organization of Ceremonial Dance-Curing among the Uto-Aztecan Speak- ing Peoples of the Mexican Sierra Madre Occidental: A Method of Analysis,” with William Merrill from June 15, 1997 to March 14, 1998. Fiery A. Cushman, Short-Term Visiting Student, Georgetown Day School. “Utility of ITS and Chloroplast Spacer Regions for Producing Phylogenies of Caribbean Gesneriads (African Violet Family),” with Elizabeth Zimmer from June 16, 1997 to September 5, 1997. J. Andrew Darling, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Michigan. “The Mexican and Southwestern Journeys of Ales Hrdlicka,” with William Merrill from April 1, 1997 to March 31, 1998. William Gage, Visiting Student, George Mason Univer- sity. “Multimedia Resources for Anthropological Science,” with Bruno Frohlich from August 18, 1997 to December 22, 1997. Chrissen E.C. Gemmill, Visiting Scientist, University of Colorado. “Evolutionary Relationships of Hawaiian Pz2t- tosporum,” with Elizabeth Zimmer from June 15, 1997 to December 14, 1997. Steven L. Grafe, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of New Mexico. “An Analysis of Well Provenienced Native North American Material Culture Objects Relative to the Origins of Columbia River Plateau Floral Beadwork,” with Candace Greene and Kathleen Ash-Milby from June 1, 1997 to Sep- tember 30, 1997. Peter J. Hibbs, Visiting Student, University of Maryland, Col- lege Park. “Monographing the Rhagionidae,” with Wayne Mathis from August Is, 1997 to August 14, 2000. Volker Hollman-Schirrmacher, Visiting Scientist, University of Osnabrueck. “Shore Flies (Diptera: Ephydridae) of the Republic of Seychelles,” with Wayne Mathis from January I, 1997 to December 31, 1998. John P. Huelsenbeck, Visiting Scientist, University of Califor- nia at Berkeley. “Testing Models of Cladogenesis in a Phylogenetic Context,” with David Swofford and Michael Braun from August I, 1997 to July 31, 1998. Marianne Kinkel, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Texas, Austin. “Malvina Hoffman, Physical Anthropology, and the Field Museum's ‘Races of Mankind’ Display,” with Mary Jo Arnoldi and Christraud Geary from October Io, 1996 to January 31, 1997. Vincent P. Klink, Visiting Student, University of Maryland. “In Situ Analysis of Ovule Development in Higher Plants,” with Elizabeth Zimmer from May I, 1997 to August 31, 1997. Christina Kreps, Smithsonian Fellowship in Museum Prac- tice, Center for Asian and Pacific Studies. “Bridging the Gaps: Participatory Approaches to Museum Development and Cultural Work,” with Paul Michael Taylor and Nancy Fuller from January 27, 1997 to July 31, 1997. Alexander Krings, Graduate Fellowship, North Carolina State University. “Illustrated Guide to Costa Rican Cloud Forest Lianas,” with Pedro Acevedo from June 9, 1997 to August Is, 1997. Patricia Lambert, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of North Carolina. “Violent Conflict in Prehistoric Hunter- Gatherer Societies of Southern California,” with Douglas Ubelaker and Douglas Owsley from March 20, 1997 to Sep- tember 20, 1997. David B. Landon, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Boston University. “Archaeological Applications of Cementum Annulus Analysis of Cattle Teeth,” with Melinda Zeder from Sep- tember 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Michael J. Lawson, Predoctoral Fellowship, Arizona State Univer- sity. “Baskets, Pots, and Prayer Plumes: An Ethnohistory of the American Southwest Ethnographic Collections of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1879-1914,” with William Sturtevant from August 1, 1997 to April 30, 1998. Adrienne J. Lazazzera, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Virginia. “Evaluating the Case for Inequality: A Hopewell Settlement at the Fort Ancient State Memorial,” with Bruce Smith from September 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Andrew Grant McArthur, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Univer- sity of Victoria, Canada. “Molecular Phylogenetics of Deep- Sea Limpets,” with M.G. Harasewych from December 15, 1996 to January 31, 1998. Shilong Mei, Visiting Scientist, China University of Geoscien- ces. “The Main Cause of Permian Mass Extinction Events: Evidence from Permian Conodonts,” with Douglas Erwin from July 1, 1997 to October 31, 1997. Steven J. Poe, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Texas at Austin. “A Phylogeny of Anolis Using Morphological Char- acters,” with Kevin De Queiroz and David Swofford from September 15, 1997 to September 14, 1998. Vasily Radashevsky, Visiting Scientist, Institute of Marine Biol- ogy. “A Cladistic and Taxonomic Analysis of Polydora, Buccardia and Related Spionid Taxa (Annelida: Polychaeta),” with Kris- tian Fauchald from September 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997. Brian G. Richmond, Predoctoral Fellowship, State University of New York at Stony Brook. “Morphometrics, Ontogeny, and Biomechanics of Long Bone Curvature with Implica- tions for Primate and Human Evolution,” with Richard Potts from September 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Lynn M. Snyder, Visiting Scholar, University of Tennessee. “An Investigation of Native American Material Culture in the Creation of Objects from the Ethnographic Collections of the Smithsonian,” with Joallyn Archambault from Oc- tober 1, 1996 to September 30, 1998. Maria S. Sprehn, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of New Mexico. “Ceramic Craft Specialization in the Casas Grandes Region, Mexico,” with J. Daniel Rogers from August I, 1997 to April 30, 1998. Scott J. Steppan, Visiting Scientist, Piedmont, California. “Phylogenetic Relationships Among Marmots Using Cytochrome b,” with Robert Hoffmann from October 15, 1996 to October 31, 1997. Martin Thiel, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Maine. “Reproductive Biology and Social Behavior of Endobiotic Peracarids: A Predictive Approach to the Study of Ex- tended Parental Care,” with Mary Rice and Brian Kensley from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Nancy Eveleth Todd, Visiting Scientist, George Washington University. “Evolution of Plio-Pleistocene Vertebrate Com- munities in Africa,” with Anna Behrensmeyer from February 1, 1997 to September 30, 1998. Peter Wilf, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Pennsyl- vania. “Global Warming Across the Paleocene-Eocene Boundary: Vegetational Response in Southern Wyoming,” with Scott Wing from June 1, 1997 to August 31, 1997. National Museum of the American Indian Angela C. Pearce, Visiting Student, California State Univer- sity, Chico. “Traditional Care of Native American Objects Within a Museum Setting,” with Marian Kaminitz from January 1, 1997 to July 31, 1997. National Portrait Gallery Michelle Kloss, Visiting Student, University of Maryland. “Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century American Portaiture in the National Portrait Gallery Collection,” with Ellen Miles from August 18, 1997 to May 29, 1998. 109 Stephen A. Mihm, Predoctoral Fellowship, New York Univer- sity. “The Landscape of the Panoramic Eye: Mobility, Representation, and Perception, 1825-1875,” with Lillian Miller and Mary Panzer from August I, 1997 to July 31, 1998. Sue Himelick Nutty, Visiting Scholar, Earlham College. “Joseph Harrison, Jr.(1810-1874): Philadelphia Art Collec- tor,” with Lillian Miller from January 6, 1997 to December 31, 1997- National Zoological Park Jennifer Boniface, Graduate Fellowship, University of Mary- land, College Park. “Dietary Control of Cystinuria in Maned Wolves,” with Mary Allen and Olav Oftedal from June 2, 1997 to August 8, 1997. Tracie E. Bunton, George E. Burch Fellow, Johns Hopkins University. “Conserved Expression of Cancer Markers throughout the Taxa; Relevance to Human Cancer Diag- nosis and Treatment,” with Richard Montrali from July 1, 1997 to December 31, 1998. John P. Dumbacher, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Chicago. “Mitochondrial DNA Phylogeny of the Genus Pitohui: A Test for Mullerian Mimicry and Rapid Morphological Radiation in Chemically Defended Birds,” with Robert Fleischer from July 15, 1997 to July 14, 1998. Laura H. Graham, Predoctoral Fellowship, George Mason University. “Improving Reproductive Success to Assisted Breeding by Developing Effective Estrus Synchronization in Felids,” with Janine Brown from June 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Elizabeth Harper, Visiting Student, University of Minnesota. “Study of the Distribution of Small Mammals in the George Washington National Forest,” with William Mc- Shea from April 7, 1997 to September 7, 1997. Sriyanie Miththapala, Visiting Scientist, University of Sri Jayawardenapura. “Phylogeographic Subspecies Recognition of the Leopard (Panthera pardus),” with John Seidensticker from August 15, 1997 to December 14, 1997. Gary Nunn, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Nortin- gham, United Kingdom. “Evolutionary Relationships Among Endangered and Extinct Hawaiian Prerodroma Gadfly Petrels,” with Robert Fleischer from October Io, 1996 to September 30, 1997. ; John Orrock, Visiting Student, Virginia Commonwealth University. “Allegheny Mountain Project,” with William McShea from May Is, 1997 to August Is, 1997. Katharine M. Pell, Visiting Scientist, University of Min- nesota. “Unique Gamete Function and In Vitro Fertiliza- tion in the Clouded Leopard (Neofilis Nebulosa),” with IIo JoGayle Howard from September 1, 1997 to August 31, 1999. Linda Margaret Penfold, Visiting Scientist, University Col- lege London. “Understanding and Manipulating the Reproductive Biology of Gerenuk (Litocranius walleri wal- leri): Semen Preservation, Estrus Synchronization, and Ar- uficial Insemination,” with David Wildt from August 1, 1997 to July 31, 1998. Elizabeth Perry, Visiting Scientist, St. John’s, Newfoundland. “The Effects of Sonic Booms on the Behavior and Physiol- ogy of Grey and Harbor Seals on Sable Island,” with Daryl Boness from November 1, 1996 to June 30, 1997. Leo Shapiro, Visiting Scientist, State University of New York, Stony Brook. “Hybridization and the Fate of the Golden- Winged Warbler: A Molecular Analysis of Multiple Con- tact Zones,” with Robert Fleisher from October 1, 1996 to September 30, 1998. Daniel Joseph Shillito, Visiting Student, University of Albany. “Visual Perspsective Taking and Mental Srate Attribution by Orangutans,” with Lisa Stevens from July 15, 1997 to July 14, 1998. Ruth A. Siaca-Colon, Visiting Student, George Mason Univer- sity. “Behavior Patterns of Puerto Rican Anoline Lizards in Capuvity,” with Carlos Ruiz-Miranda from February 1, 1997 to July 31, 1997. Beth Slikas, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Pennsyl- vania. “Phylogeny and Evolution of and Extinct As- semblage of Hawaiian Rails (Aves/Gruiformes/Rallidae),” with Robert Fleischer from April 1, 1997 to March 31, 1999. Rebecca Spindler, Visiting Scientist, University of Melbourne. “Oocyte Maturation and Subsequent Gamete Interaction in the Domestic Cat (Fe/zs catus),” with David Wildt from April 1, 1997 to September 30, 1998. Nadja Wielebnowski, Visiting Scientist, University of Califor- nia. “Modulating Behavior and Endocrine Activity to Im- prove Reproduction in Captive Cheetahs,” with Janine Brown from February 24, 1997 to February 23, 1999. Lisa Wooninck, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Califor- nia, Santa Barbara. “Relative Sperm Contribution and Paternity Distributions Determined with a Novel Tech- nique,” with Robert Fleischer from May 1, 1997 to April 30, 1998. Office of Architectural History and Historic Preservation Andrew M. Shanken, Predoctoral Fellowship, Princeton University. “‘After Total War .. . Total Living’: American Advertising and the Culture of Planning, 1939-1960,” with Cynthia Field from June 1, 1997 to August 31, 1997. Office of Plant Services Horticulture Services Division Robin M. Veder, Enid A. Haupt Fellow, College of William and Mary. “Bringing Nature Indoors,” with Nancy Bechtol from June 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Office of the Smithsonian Institution Archives Catherine Christen, Postdoctoral Fellowship, The Johns Hop- kins University. “Tropical American Field Science and the Smithsonian Institution: Agendas for Research and Conser- vation, 1945-1975,” with Pamela Henson from March 1, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Daniel J. Herman, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of California, Berkeley. “American Natives: Sport Hunters in the American Imagination,” with Paul Theerman from June 15, 1997 to February 14, 1998. Melody R. Herr, Predoctoral Fellowship, Johns Hopkins University. “Popularizing American Archaeology in the Depression Era,” with Pamela Henson and Arthur Molella from August I5, 1997 to November 14, 1997. Bradley Hume, Predoctoral Fellowship, Indiana University. “The Varied, the Average, the Type: Fracturing and Factor- ing the Human Subject in the Nineteenth Century,” with Pamela Henson and Marc Rothenberg from May 1, 1997 to August 31, 1997. Christian W. McMillen, Graduate Fellowship, University of Montana. “Nature As They See It: John Wesley Powell, the Bureau of American Ethnology, and the Environment,” with Pamela Henson from June 2, 1997 to August 8, 1997. Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Carlo Benna, Visiting Scientist, Consorzio Interuniversitario Fisica Spaziale. “Research in Physics: UVCS SOHO Pro- gram,” with John Kohl from October 7, 1996 to June 30, 1997- Patrick J. Boyle, Visiting Student, University College, Dublin. “TeV Gamma Ray Bursts,” with Trevor Weekes and Dale Alianiello from December 14, 1996 to March 14, 1997. James A. Braatz, Visiting Scientist, University of Maryland. “Infrared and Radio Studies of Ho Megamaser Galaxies,” with James Moran from December 1, 1996 to November 30, 1997- Ilaria L. Cagnoni, Visiting Student, University of Milan. “Sur- vey of X-ray Emitters in 2-10 keV Energy Band Using ASCA Dara,” with Antonella Fruscione and Dale Alianiello from January 13, 1997 to November 9, 1997. Michael Cavagnero, Visiting Scientist, Department of Physics and Astronomy. “Near-Threshold Fragmentation of Atomic and Molecular Systems,” with Eric Heller from September I, 1997 to May 31, 1998. James DiFrancesco, SAO Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Texas at Austin. “Using High-Resolution Observations to Understand Prorostellar Formation; Intermediate-Mass Young Stellar Objects; Protobinaries,” with Philip Myers and Dale Alianiello from February 15, 1997 to February 14, 1998. Pedro Elosegui, Visiting Scientist, European Space Agency, VILSPA. “Detailed Geographic Variability of Predicted Sea- Level Change,” with James Davis from January 4, 1997 to January 3, 1999. Ilya Fabrikant, Short-Term Visitor, Institute of Physics, Lat- via. “Effects of a Highly Excited Rydberg Electron and Rare-Gas Atom Collision,” with Eric Heller from Septem- ber 15, 1997 to December Is, 1997. Richard Frazin, Visiting Student, University of Illinois. “Heating and Energy Transport Mechanisms in the Solar Corona,” with John Kohl from September 1, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Martin Gotz, SAO Predoctoral Fellow, Brown University. “Studies in the Origin of Large-Scale Structure in the Universe,” with John Huchra from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Jens-Uwe Grabow, Visiting Scientist, Christian-Albrechts- Universitat zu Kiel. “The Development and Improvement of Laboratory Microwave Spectroscopy in Support of Radioastronomical Investigations,” with Patrick Thaddeus from November 4, 1996 to November 3, 1997. Sirajul Sayid Hasan, Visiting Scientist, Indian Institute of Astrophysics. “Solar Flux Tube Models with Radiative Transfer,” with Wolfgang Kalkofen from November 1, 1996 to July 31, 1997. Todd Hunter, SAO Postdoctoral Fellow, California Institute of Technology. “Submillimeter Astrophysics and the Development of the SMA Telescope,” with Dr. Paul Ho from October I, 1996 to September 30, 1998. Vassiliki Kalogera, CfA Postdoctoral Fellow, University of II- linois at Urbana-Champaign. “Formation and Evolution of Compact Objects in Binaries,” with George Rybicki from September 1, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Charles Katz, SAO Postdoctoral Fellow, Massachusetts In- stitute of Technology. “Submillimeter Array Project,” with Paul Ho from September I, 1997 to August 3I, 1998. Edward James Kennelly, Short-Term Visitor, University of British Columbia. “Delta Scuti Oscillations,” with Robert Noyes from August 24, 1997 to December 31, 1997. Martin Krockenberger, Visiting Scientist, Harvard University. “Distance Measurements to the Large Magellanic Cloud III and the Andromeda Galaxy,” with Robert Noyes and Dale Alianiello from February 1, 1997 to July 31, 1998. Jing Li, Visiting Scientist, University of Paris VII. “Ultra Violet Coronagrph Spectrometer Observations,” with John Raymond from August I, 1997 to July 31, 1998. J.H. Macek, Visiting Scientist, The University of Tennessee. “Theory of the Fragmentation States of Charged Particles,” with Eric Heller from April 1, 1997 to August 31, 1997. Ross Mair, Visiting Scientist, Massey University, New Zealand. “MRI Studies of Laser-Polarized Noble Gases in Geophysical and Materials Science Applications,” with Ronald Walsworth from October 28, 1996 to October 27, 1998. Massimo Marengo, SAO Predoctoral Fellow, International School for Advanced Studies, Italy. “Mid-IR Observations and Modelling of Circumstellar and Interstellar Dust, with Applications to Galaxy Clusters,” with Giovanni Fazio from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Conor Patrick Masterson, Visiting Student, University College- Dublin. “Semi-alaytical x2 Method for Analysis of TeV X- ray Data Taken with the Upgraded Whipple Telescope,” with Trevor Weekes from June 20, 1997 to June 19, 1998. Julie McEnery, Visiting Student, University College, Dublin. “Investigation of Variability of Markarian 421 at High-Ener- gy Gamma Ray and Optical Wavelengths,” with Trevor Weekes and Dale Alianiello from January 5, 1997 to June 30, 1997. Kristen Menou, SAO Predoctoral Fellow, University of Paris, France. “Study of Accretion Flows on Compact Objects,” with Ramesh Narayan from January Is, 1997 to January 14, 1999. Andrea Modigliani, Visiting Scientist, University of Florence. “UVCS/SOHO Program,” with John Kohl from July 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997. August Muench, SAO Predoctoral Fellow, University of Florida. “Near Infrared Imaging and Luminosity Function Modeling of Young Embedded Stellar Clusters,” with Char- les Lada from August 1, 1997 to July 31, 1998. James C. Muzerolle, SAO Predoctoral Fellow, University of Massachusetts. “Magnetospheric Accretion in T Tauri Stars,” with Lee Hartmann from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Jukka Nevalainen, SAO Predoctoral Fellow, University of Hel- sinki, Finland. “Baryonic and Dark Matter Distributions in Clusters of Galaxies,” with William Forman from Septem- ber 1, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Roopesh Ojha, Postdoctoral Fellow, Brandeis University. “Mapping the Coalsack in the 492 GHz Ground-Srate, Fine-Structure Line of CI Using AST/RO,” with Adair Lane from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Pius N. Okeke, Short-Term Visitor, University of Nigeria. “Microflares in the Solar Corona and Chromosphere,” with John Raymond from September 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997- Irene Porro, Visiting Scientist, University of Padova, Italy. “Astrophysical Observations of an RS CVn Binary Ii2 (HR5u0) and a DLSB Halo Star (G209-35),” with Wesley Traub from July 1, 1997 to September 30, 1997. Dimitrios Psaltis, CfA Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. “Multi-Dimensional Radia- tive Transfer and Magnetic Field Structure in Accretion Problems,” with George Rybicki from September 1, 1997 to August 31, 1998. John Quinn, SAO Predoctoral Fellow, University College, Dublin. “TeV Gamma Ray Observations of Active Galactic Nuclei,” with Trevor Weekes from October 1, 1996 to January 31, 1998. Somak Raychaudhury, Short-Term Visitor, Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics. “Shapley Super- cluster and Horologium Supercluster,” with Christine Jones Forman from June I, 1997 to August 31, 1997. Masao Saito, SAO Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Tokyo. “Submillimeter Array Project,” with Paul Ho from Septem- ber 1, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Flavio Scappini, Visiting Scientist, Istituto di Spettoscopia Molecolare, C.N.R. “Laboratory Study of Molecules of Astrophysical Interest,” with Patrick Thaddeus and Dale Alianiello from December Is, 1996 to October 31, 1997. Tamar Seideman, Visiting Scientist, Queen’s University. “Reaction Dynamics,” with Eric Heller and Dale Alianiello from March 1, 1997 to July 31, 1997. Janine Shertzer, Visiting Scientist, College of the Holy Cross. “The Finite-Element Method in Atomic and Molecular Physics,” with Eric Heller from September 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Jonathan P. Towle, Visiting Scientist, The MTL Instruments Group. “The Study of Carbon Chain Molecules,” with Patrick Thaddeus from June I, 1997 to November 30, 1998. Ching-Hua Tseng, Visiting Scientist, Massachusetts. “Investiga- tions of Applications of Laser-Polarized 129Xe (Xenon) Gas to Biomedical and Materials Science Research,” with Ronald Walsworth from March I, 1997 to September 30, 1997. Marianne Vestergaard, Visiting Student, Copenhagen Univer- sity, Denmark. “Broad Emission Line Profiles of Radio- loud and Radio-quiet Quasars,” with Belinda Wilkes from October I, 1996 to September 30, 1998. Colm Whelan, Visiting Scientist, University of Cambridge. “Coincidence Physics,” with Eric Heller from June 7, 1997 to September 15, 1997. David J. Wilner, Hubble Fellow, Falls River, Massachusetts. “Formation and Structure of Protostellar Disks,” with Philip Myers from October 1, 1996 to September 30, 1998. Qizhou Zhang, Visiting Scientist, Harvard-Smithsonian Cen- ter for Astrophysics. “Dynamical Collapse and Accretion in Molecular Cloud Cores,” with Paul Ho from February 1, 1997 to September 30, 1997. Jun-Hui Zhao, Visiting Scientist, Waltham, Massachusetts. “Extragalactic Radio Recombination Lines, The Galactic Center, and Circumstellar Disk Around Very Young Stellar Objects,” with Paul Ho from October Is, 1996 to October 14, 1998. Xing-Wu Zheng, Visiting Scientist, Nanjing University. “Bow Shock or Champagne Flow in G34.3+0.2 ?,” with James Moran from May 20, 1997 to November 19, 1997. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Cathleen A. Coss, Predoctoral Fellowship, George Washington University. “Transmission Dynamics and Pat- terns of Per&znsus Infections in Macoma balchica,” with Gregory Ruiz from June I, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Cathleen A. Coss, Predoctoral Fellowship, George Washington University. “Transmission Dynamics and Pat- terns of Perkinsus Infection in Chesapeake Bay Bivalves,” with Gregory Ruiz from June I, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Edwin Cruz-Rivera, Visiting Student, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. “Nutritional Ecology of Marine Mesograzers,” with Anson Hines from March 1, 1997 to May 31, 1997. Matthew S. Kendall, Visiting Student, North Carolina State University. “Sperm Limitation as a Result of Fisheries Selec- tion: The Blue Crab Model,” with Anson Hines from May 26, 1997 to December 14, 1997. Mark Louis Kuhlmann, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Florida State University. “The Effects of Refuge on Complex Predator- Prey Interactions,” with Anson Hines from January I5, 1997 to September 14, 1998. Romuald N. Lipcius, Senior Fellowship, College of William and Mary. “Dynamics of Estuarine Benthic Species in Time and Space: An Individual Based Model for the Blue Crab and Its Prey in the Rhode River System,” with Anson Hines from July 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997. Zhi-Jun Liu, Visiting Scientist, University Hygienic Laboratory, Iowa. “Modelling Nutrient Transportation and Landscape Ecology in Patuxent Watershed,” with Donald Weller from October 7, 1996 to October 5, 1998. Stephen P. Long, Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Senior Fel- low, University of Essex. “The Effects of Rising Atmos- pheric CO, and Climate Change on Natural Ecosystems,” with Bert Drake from February 1, 1997 to January 31, 1999. William FJ. Parsons, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Wyoming. “Spatial Variation in Riparian Nitrate Removal: The Contributions of Aggregate Size, pH and Organic Carbon Pools,” with Thomas Jordan from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1998. Richard W. Pierce, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Rhode Island. “Feeding Ecology of Planktonic Amoebae in Chesapeake Bay,” with D. Wayne Coats from July 1, 1997 to June 30, 1998. Tonya K. Rawlings, Graduate Fellowship, University of Maryland, College Park. “Survival of Vibrio spp. in Microcosm,” with Gregory Ruiz from June 2, 1997 to August 8, 1997. Gabriela W. Smalley, Visiting Student, University of Maryland at College Park. “Feeding in Ceratium Furca, a Red-Tide Dinoflagellate of the Chesapeake Bay,” with D. Wayne Coats from November 18, 1996 to January 24, 1997. Gabriela W. Smalley, Graduate Fellowship, University of Maryland. “Feeding Response of the Mixotrophic Dinoflagellate Ceratium Furca to Light Level and Prey Den- sity,” with D. Wayne Coats from June 2, 1997 to October 17,1997. Kelly S. Smith, Postdoctoral Fellowship, California Institute of Technology. “Relating the Presence and Activity of Denitrification Genes to Emissions of Nitrogen Gases ina Riparian Forest Soil,” with Thomas Jordan and Donald Weller from August 1, 1997 to July 31, 1998. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Orangel Antonio Aguilera Socorro, Visiting Scientist, Univer- sidad Francisco de Miranda. “The Venezuelan Neogene Sec- tion: Stratigraphic Precision and Exceptional Fossil Fish Faunas Correlated to Costa Rica and Panama,” with Anthony Coates from August I, 1997 to July 31, 1998. John Barone, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Utah. “The Role of Herbivores and Pathogens in Determing Tree Diversity: A Comparative Study,” with S. Joseph Wright and Annette Aiello from January 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Renae Brodie, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Washington. “Morphological Change and Terrestrial In- vasion: Ontogenetic Allometry in Coenobita compressus,” with John Christy from March 1, 1997 to May 31, 1997. Diana Carvajal, Short-Term Fellow, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. “Analisis microestratografico de un conchero en Cerro Juan Diaz, Los Santos,” with Richard Cooke from October 15, 1996 to January 15, 1997. Jason Hilleary Curtis, Visiting Student, University of Florida. “The Environmental History of the Amazon Rain Forest,” with Paul Colinvaux from May 15, 1997 to May 14, 1998. Jennifer Davidson, Visiting Scudent, University of California, Davis. “Effects of Plant Pathogens,” with E. Allen Herre and Georgina de Alba from December 15, 1996 to Decem- ber 14, 1997. Julie S. Denslow, Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Senior Fel- low, Lousiana State University. “The Effects of Light and Litter on Seedling Dynamics Across a Rainfall Gradient in Panama,” with S. Joseph Wright from June I, 1997 to August 31, 1999. Michael Dillon, Short-Term Fellow, University of Texas at Austin. “Load-lifting and Maximum Flight Performance of Euglossine Bees,” with David Roubik from May 19, 1997 to August 18, 1997. 113 Joseph Donlan, Short-Term Fellow, Northern Arizona Univer- sity. “The Observation of Flotsam and Colonized Marine In- vertebrates in the Tropical Pacific,” with Harilaos Lessios from April 4, 1997 to June 24, 1997. Jessica R. Eberhard, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Princeton University. “Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Amazona ochrocephala (Psittacidae) Species Complex,” with Eldredge Bermingham from August I, 1997 to July 31, 1998. Birgit Ehmer, Short-Term Fellow, Universitat Wurzburg. “Visual and Olfactory Orientation in the Tropical Ant Pavaponera clavata.” with William Wcislo from May 8, 1997 to August 8, 1997. Tugrul Giray, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of Illinois. “Orgins of Endocrine Regulation of Eusocial Behavior in Communal Orchid Bees (Apidae: Euglossint),” with Mary Jane West-Eberhard from November 1, 1996 to October 31, 1997. Kyle Harms, Visiting Scientist, Princeton University. “Ex- ploration of Possible Causes of the Ubiquitous Increase in Plant Species Richness Observed with Increasing Rainfall in Tropical Forests,” with W. Joseph Wright and Georgina de Alba from March 1, 1997 to February 28, 1999. Michaela Hau, Visiting Scientist, University of Washington, Seattle. “Seasonal Reproduction in Neotropical Birds,” with A. Stanley Rand from September 15, 1997 to Decem- ber 15, 1999. Iris Hendricks, Short-Term Fellow, University of Groningen. “Patterns of Larval Supply of Coral Reef Fiches in the Per- las Islands, Pacific Panama,” with D. Ross Robertson from September 8, 1997 to December 9, 1997. Michael Jennions, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Oxford. “Why Does the Timing of Mate Desertion Vary in the Cichlid Fish Aeguidens coeruleopunctatus,” with William Eber- hard and John Christy from August I, 1997 to July 31, 2000. Qinhua Jiang, Visiting Scientist, Peking University. “Paleoecological Setting for the Origin of Rice in South China,” with Dolores Piperno and Georgina de Alba from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997. Ralf Kersanach, Visiting Scientist, The Natural History Museum, London. “Recognizing Coral Species: A Molecular adn Reproductive Approach,” with Nancy Knowlton from June 1, 1997 to May 31, 1998. Kaoru Kitajima, Visiting Scientist, University of Missouri— St. Louis. “Comparative Ecology of Tree Canopies in a Tropical Dry Forest Near Panama,” with S. Joseph Wright from February I, 1997 to June 30, 1997. Wiebe H.FC. Kooistra, Visiting Scientist, Alfred-Wegener-In- stitut fur Polar-und Meeresforschung. “Molecular Analyses of Algae,” with Llewellya Hillis from October 27, 1996 to October 26, 1999. Peter B. Marko, Postdoctoral Fellowship, University of California, Davis. “Phylogenetic Analysis of Faunal Turn- over in Tropical American Arcid Bivalves,” with Jeremy Jackson and Nancy Knowlton from September I, 1997 to October 31, 1999. 114 David Marsh, Graduate Fellowship, University of California, Davis. “Effects of Breeding Pond Density on Oviposition, Calling Site Selection, and Male Congregation in the Tun- gara Frog, Physalaemus pustulosus,” with A. Stanley Rand from May Is, 1997 to July 24, 1997. Juan Mate, Predoctoral Fellowship, University of Miami. “The Systematics of the genus Poci//opora (Lamarck) in the Eastern Pacific (Panama),” with Nancy Knowlron and Hector Guzman from December 27, 1996 to January 31, 1998. Helene C. Muller-Landau, Predoctoral Fellowship, Princeton University. “Interspecific Differences in Mortality Rates, Light Transmittivities, and Light-Specific Sapling Growth Rates of Tropical Trees: Towards a Resource-Based Model of Tropical Forest Dynamics,” with Richard Condit from September 1, 1997 to August 31, 1999. Peter Nelson, Short-Term Fellow, Northern Arizona Univer- sity. “The Behavior and Ecology of Near Shore Flotsam- Associated Fishes in the Eastern Pacific Ocean,” with Ross Robertson from June I5, 1997 to September 14, 1997. Andrew Roberts, Visiting Scientist, University of Newcastle. “Manipulation of the Phases of CAM in Clusia uvitana,” with Klaus Winter from October 14, 1996 to January 15, 1997. Michael Rosenberg, Short-Term Fellow, State University of New York at Stony Brook. “The Study of Combat and Morphology in Fiddler Crabs,” with John Christy from September 15, 1997 to December 15, 1997. Bertrand Schatz, Short-Term Fellow, Laboratoire d’Ethologie et de Psychologye Animale. “Field Study of Predatory Strategy in the Ant Ectatomma ruidum,” with William Wcisco and Georgina de Alba from January 15, 1997 to April Is, 1997. David DeWayne Shoemaker, Postdoctoral Fellowship, Univer- sity of Georgia. “Dynamics of Wolbachia in Fig Wasp Com- munities,” with E. Allen Herre from September 1, 1997 to May 31, 2000. Miles Silman, Visiting Scientist with funding from Mellon Foundation, Duke University. “Tropical Forest Dynamics Across a Rainfall Gradient,” with S. Joseph Wright and Julie Denslow from September I, 1997 to August 31, 1999. J. Andrew C. Smith, Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Senior Fellow, University of Oxford. “The Evolutionary Origins of Epiphytism and Crassulacean Acid Metabolism within the Neotropical Family Bromeliaceae,” with Klaus Winter from April 1, 1997 to March 31, 1999. Wesley William Toller, Visiting Scientist, University of Southern California. “Molecular Genetic Investigation of the Symbiotic Association of Montastrea with Unicellular Dinoflagellates,” with Nancy Knowlton from January 15, 1997 to January 14, 1999. Mark Travassos, Short-Term Fellow, Harvard University. “Interspecific Accoustic Communication in a Butterfly-Ant Mutualism,” with Donald Windsor from September 15, 1997 to December 15, 1997. : Michelle Waycott, Visiting Scientist, University of Western Australia. “Investigation of Caribbean Seagrass Population Genetics,” with Penelope Barnes and Georgina de Alba from March I, 1997 to June 30, 1999. Suzanne Williams, Visiting Scientist, James Cook University. “Divergence and Endemicity in the World’s Tropical Oceans,” with Nancy Knowlton from June I, 1997 to November 30, 1998. Internships and Other Appointments The Smithsonian offers internships and other special ap- pointments to undergraduate and graduate students and to museum professionals. The home institution, a brief description of the project undertaken at the Smithsonian, and the dates of service are given wherever possible. Archives of American Art Kelly A. Dolan, Bachelor's Candidate, State University of New York at Stony Brook. Archives. June 9, 1997 through September I, 1997. Jodie R. Gaudet, Bachelor’s Degree. Manuscripts. Assisting the Curator of Manuscripts with the research, writing, and editing of four projects pertaining to the Archival collec- tion. January 6, 1997 through April 30, 1997. Maria C. Gaztambide, Master's Candidate, University of New Orleans. Archives of American Art. Conducting research on past and active Puerto Rican artists and art organizations in Puerto Rico and New York. June 2, 1997 through August 7> 1997- Gabriela H. Lambert, Bachelor’s Candidate, Mary Washing- ton College. Archives. Arrange and describe the papers of Dr. Tomas Ybarro-Irausto. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Krystyn R. Legg, Doctoral Candidate, Pomona College/Johns Hopkins University. Archives. June 9, 1997 through September 1, 1997. Annie Livingston, Bachelor’s Candidate, Yale University. Archives. Assist in the arrangement of the papers of Ellen Hulda Johnson. The internship will provide practical ex- perience in the arrangement and preliminary description of personal papers and will strengthen the intern’s knowledge of the historical significance and research value of primary sources. June 2, 1997 through August I, 1997. Kendra E. Meyer, Bachelor’s Degree, Savannah College of Art & Design. Archives. Research journals and diaries to help catalog important information. January 6, 1997 through June 1, 1997. Pamela Wunderlich, Master's Candidate, University of Rhode Island. Archives. Creating finding aids/guides to the hold- ings in the Archives. June 9, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Accessibility Teresa Aguirre, Bachelor's Candidate, Waubonsee Com- munity College. Accessibility Program. Preparation of marketing plan for the Accessibility Program. July 1, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Jessica Ratnasabapathy, High School Graduate, Channing School. Accessibility. Developing a technical resource library on museum accessibility for people with dis- abilities. March 3, 1997 through May 14, 1997. Anacostia Museum Okezi T. Otovo, Bachelor's Candidate, Carnegie Mellon University. Curatorial Research/Oral Histories. Conducting research for the project “Connections between rural and urban church communities.” This involves taking oral his- tories, interviewing, investigative photography, and ar- chival research. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Stephanie Wooten, Bachelor's Degree, University of Texas at Dallas. Research. June 4, 1997 through August 6, 1997. Arthur M. Sackler Gallery and Freer Gallery of Art Linley Becker, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Maryland, College Park. Ancient Near East Art. Researching and cataloguing a Silver Roman Cup on display in the Sackler Gallery. July 19, 1997 through September 19, 1997. Suzanne Davis, MA, New York University. AMSG/FGA. In- terning in the NYU Conservation Program in the objects division. September 8, 1997 through September 8, 1998. Ila Deshmukh, Bachelor's Candidate, Swarthemore College. Education. Aid in running “Imaginasia” program to give children hands-on learning of specific exhibits at the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery. June 6, 1997 through August 20, 1997. Erica Ehrenberg, Ph.D. Candidate, Institute of Fine Arts. Near Eastern Art. Cataloging a collection of Sassanian stamp seals. November 1, 1996 through August 31, 1997. Subashini Ganesan, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Rochester. Curatorial Department. Assisting the Curator on upcoming exhibit (1999) on the “Concept of the Hindu Goddess” at the Sackler. May 23, 1997 through January 1, 1998. Alexander Hofmann, Master's Degree, Heidelberg University. Curatorial. Researching the Edo and Meiji period paintings in the Freer Gallery of Art in preparation for exhibitions and publications by curators of Japanese art. April 7, 1997 through June 29, 1997. Lhundup Jamphel, AMSG. To observe registrarial, photog- raphy, archival, and curatorial activities of the Sackler Gal- II5 lery in preparing a work plan for the operations of the Con- servancy of Tibetan Culture. September 24, 1997 through October 18, 1997. Amy K. Jones, Bachelor’s Degree, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Ancient Near Eastern Art. Glass collection research. October 31, 1996 through August 31, 1997. Margaret A. Kozicharow, High School Senior, Holton-Arms School. Public Affairs/Education. Labeling photographs and slides to send out to press; organization of Archives projects; general office work, such as filing, copying, and faxing documents. July 1, 1997 through August 30, 1997. Michelle Siu Lee, High School Student, Richard Montgomery High School. Education. Research material for use in educa- tion program related to upcoming exhibitions. July 7, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Odile Madden, MA Candidate, New York University—IFA. Conservation. Examination and treatment of ceramics in AMSG/FGA collections. July 28, 1997 through August 27, 1997. Tracey Middlekauff, Ph.D. Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. Education. Assisting with supply and dis- tribution of interpretive materials within galleries; assist- ing with logistical arrangements for public programs; organizing files on past and potential public programs; compiling information on Asian films in Library of Con- gress collection for possible screening at the Freer Gallery. October 9, 1996 through May 1, 1997. Kelley Pagano, Bachelor's Candidate, Georgetown University. Photography. Various studio duties such as filing, printing, assisting photographers, etc. January 22, 1997 through May 30, 1997. Ranisha Patel, High School Graduate, Walt Whitman High School/Yale University. Conservation. Compilation of a database of X-ray diffraction film information to be used by conservation scientists and conservators studying Asian works of art. June 16, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Deborah Pun, BA, University ar Albany. Sackler Gallery. Assist Curator with public inquiry and exhibit preparation. September Is, 1997 through September 15, 1998. Jami Rutherford, Ph.D. Candidate, University of Maryland. Japanese Art. Looking at late Ukiyoe in the Freer Collec- tion to examine the transmission of western visual culrure to Japan. November 18, 1996 through May 31, 1997. Virginia Shearer, Master's Candidate, George Washington University. Education. Assist with school and family programs in the Education Dept. January 13, 1997 through October 30, 1997. Susan Sutherland, Freer Gallery. Going through the inventory subject and donor cards and files of the study collection. The goal is to account for and create a file for every object in the collection. July 15, 1997 through December 31, 1997. Yumiko Takahashi, Bachelor's Candidate, Hood College. Curatorial. Research and administrative assistance for curatorial projects including exhibition planning and im- 116 plementation. Research of permanent collection and cataloging. January 23, 1997 through December 31, 1997. Anar Virji, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Chicago. Education/Publications. Assisting in completion of publica- tions inventory and research on upcoming Japanese exhibi- tion. Assistance in compiling a finding aid for Asian films at the Library of Congress. July 14, 1997 through Augusr 9, 1997. Julia Way, Bachelor's Degree. Photography. Photography department internship; printing assisting photographers films, filling work orders, etc. May 15, 1997 through August 25, 1997. Tammy Wong, Master’s Candidate, University of Maryland, College Park. Library. Learn the basic functions of the Gal- lery library, enhanced by hands-on experience. February 3, 1997 through May 5, 1997. Christopher Yeung, High School Student, Sidwell Friends School. Education. Inventory of education slide collection and management of education files. July 9, 1997 through September 5, 1997. Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum Chizu Makiyama, Senior, Fordham University. September 19, 1997 through January 30, 1997. Camellia Nick, Junior, Lewis and Clark College. Research, preparing and organizing for the upcoming exhibit “Under the Sun.” September 5, 1997 through December 5, 1997. Jennifer Sova, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Texas. Registrar. Searching the Lee Nordness collection of the Ar- chives of American Art for evidence of title to certain ob- jects in CHM's possession. June 9, 1997 through August Io, 1997. Conservation Analytic Laboratory Jeff Dunbar, Master's Degree, University of Delaware. Paper Lab. Summer Internship at CAL. June 16, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Stephanie Hornbeck, MA, New York University. Full-year graduate internship in archaeological conservation October I, 1997 through September 30, 1998. Lara Kaplan, Bachelor’s Degree, Rice University. Coatings Lab. Summer internship at CAL. June 16, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Kung I. Kuo, Master’s Degree, National Tainan University of the Arts. Archives. Summer internship in archives conserva- tion. June 16, 1997 through July 29, 1997. Elizabeth Robertson, MA, Queens University. Education. Full- year graduate fellowship in archaeological conservation. Oc- tober I, 1997 through September 30, 1998. Andrea Sheerin, Bachelor’s Degree, Tulane University. Educa- tion. Year-long pregraduate internship. August I, 1997 through July 31, 1998. Sarah Stauderman, MA, Buffalo Strate College. Year-long graduate internship in archives conservation. September 1, 1997 through August 30, 1998. Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies Cecile Abeille, Bachelor’s Candidate, McMaster University. Folklife Festival. Assist with managing and scheduling volunteers at the 1997 Festival of American Folklife, as well as assisting volunteers and serving as a liaison for the volun- teer office. June 16, 1997 through July 6, 1997. Chris Alberding, Bachelor's Degree, Ohio Wesleyan Univer- sity. Folkways. Work with Smithsonian Folkways Record- ings marketing. June 2, 1997 through August 20, 1997. Thomas Aplin, graduate, University of Oklahoma. Work in the archives transferring older recordings onto CDs, answer reference questions, and research Pete Seeger martial for fu- ture releases. Also assisted with sorting archived files for transfer to new facilities in Pennsylvania. September 8, 1997 through December I5, 1997. David Arkush, Bachelor's Candidate, Washington University in St. Louis. Folkways. Work with the documentation of the 1997 Festival of American Folklife and cataloging of generated materials. Transferring older recordings onto CDs. June 2, 1997 through August I, 1997. Lisa Bares, Bachelor's Candidate, Kalamazoo College. Folklife Festival. Work with the African Immigrant program at the 1997 Festival of American Folklife by checking in partici- pants and presenters and also working at the music and dance area of the festival program. June 17, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Robin C. Bayne, Bachelor's Candidate, Johns Hopkins Univer- sity. Folklife Festival. Work with participant staff in arranging travel, room, board, and hospitality for the participants at the 1997 Festival of American Folklife. June 2, 1997 through July 18, 1997. Ounaida Bongo, The American University. Folklife Festival. Working on the Festival of American Folklife. Researching the transition and backgrounds of African immigrants. May 19, 1997 through July 10, 1997. Aaron Brenner, Bachelor’s Degree, Oberlin College. Work with Smithsonian Folkways Recordings by helping create Web pages, following up on manufacturing orders and re- orders, and updating the marketing data base. March 5, 1997 through June 1, 1997. Esther Chak, Bachelor’s Candidate, Columbia University. Design. Work with the design department of the Fes- tival of American Folklife. June 2, 1997 through July 25, 1997- Pearl Chan, Bachelor's Candidate, Harvard University. Folklife Festival. Work with the 1997 Festival of American Folklife program African Immigrant Folklife, organizing and coordinating the Teaching and Learning section of the program. June 2, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Steven A. Curtis, Bachelor’s Degree. Folkways. Work with Marketing for the Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. July 14, 1997 through August 20, 1997. Galeet Dardashti, BA, University of Maryland, College Park. Work on compiling book and photo essays on Jerusalem and its communities’ traditions. September 9, 1997 through June 30, 1997. Marina del Sol, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Texas at Austin. Folklife. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Jeremy Felsen, High School Senior, Kingsley Wilderness School. Archives. Working with the Folklife Archives with photo documentation. January 13, 1997 through July 31, 1997. Daniel Gilbert, Bachelor’s Candidate, Wesleyan. Folklife Festival. Assist with documentation of the 1997 Festival of American Folklife and cataloging of generated materials. Transferring older recordings onto CDs. June 2, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Erick Gilbert, BA, University of Rochester. CFPCS. Help with the Jerusalem Project (a cultural exploration of the people that live in Jerusalem). September 26, 1997 through June 6, 1997. Paul Goldsmith, Bachelor's Degree, State University of New York, Geneseo. Folkways. Conducting research for and developing an enhanced CD for the reissue of Harry Smith's Anthology of American Folk Music for Smith- sonian Folkways Recordings. March Io, 1997 through July 10, 1997. Linda Guinn, Senior, George Mason University. Work with the exhibition on Marroon Cultures. September 9, 1997 through January 31, 1998. Thomas Guthrie, BA, Davidson College. Work on the eve- ning concerts at the Barns at Wolf Trap and a day-long symposium at NMAH in conjunction with the Folkways release “Anthology of American Folklife.” Also did preparatory work for the 1998 festival. September I5, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Christine R. Hamer, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Pit- tsburgh. Folklife Festival. Help organize and coordinate the music and dance part of “African Immigrant Folklife” for the 1997 Festival of American Folklife. June 16, 1997 through July 11, 1997. Mina Harris, Senior, UC Davis. Work with the development of the Foodways section of the African Immigrant Folklife education materials. September 20, 1997 through Decem- ber 5, 1997. Anne Hege, Bachelor’s Candidate, Wesleyan University, Con- necticut. Assist with the production of the “Sacred Sounds” program at the 1997 Festival of American Folklife. June 2, 1997 through August I, 1997. Tanya Irvine, Folklife Festival. Worked as a logger at music stages for the 1997 Festival of American Folklife and assisted in CFPCS archives. June 18, 1997 through August I, 1997. Xavien Johnson, Graduate, University of Maryland, College Park. African Immigrant and Folklife Program—Develop- 117 ment of teachers guide and Web page. September 3, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Olivia Kissel, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Pittsburgh. Festival of American Folklife. Helped to coordinate and organize the music and dance portion of the African Im- migrant Folklife section of the 1997 Festival of American Folklife. June 16, 1997 through July m1, 1997. Angela Lang, Bachelor's Candidate, Emory University. Folklife Festival. Helped to coordinate and organize the Enterprise and Crafts portion of the African Immigrant Folklife section of the 1997 Festival of American Folklife. May 12, 1997 through August 30, 1997. Bryan Lee, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Festival/Media. Assisting with Folkways music projects, Web page design, and festival preparation. June 2, 1997 through August 7, 1997. Joseph Luttnak, Bachelor's Degree, University of Rochester. Folklife Festival. Working with organizing files on the Jerusalem Project, and assisting with documentation of the 1997 Festival of American Folklife. June 2, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Meredith MacKay, Bachelor's Candidate, College of William and Mary. African Immigrant Project. Assisting with the coordination of the African Immigrant Project at the 1997 Folklife Festival. June 2, 1997 through August I, 1997. Jeremiah B. Mahlangu, Folklife. Organizational Aspects of the Smithsonian Folklife Festival and other issues pertain- ing to policy formulation. June 23, 1997 through July 19, 1997. Teresa Martyny, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Florida. Director’s Office. Creating a survey to be sent to Folkways customers. Compiling the recordings in the Folklife Festival Archives into a spreadsheet for easier accessibility. October 9, 1996 through December 31, 1996. M. Meriam Maswanganyz, Folklife. Research for South Africa Promotion of General interest of International Educational and cultural exchange; observation and consultation con- cerning how communities participate in museums. June 22, 1997 through July 18, 1997. Stephenie Mirra, Bachelor’s Candidate, Austin College. Con- duct and compile research on African immigrant fabric and clothing stores in the Washington, D.C., area in prepara- tion for the Enterprise and Craft area of the African Im- migrant Folklife Program. January 6, 1997 through January 24, 1997. Moja N. Mwaniki, Bachelor's Candidate, Howard University. Folklife Festival. Working and coordinating in the center of the African Immigrant Program for the Folklife Festival in 1997. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Rebecca Reich, Sophomore, Yale College. Monitoring the crafts area at the Worship Area of the Mississippi Delta pro- gram at the 1997 Festival of American Folklife. June 24, 1997 through July 31, 1997. Jerusha Rhodes, Bachelor's Degree, The American University. Folklife Festival. Researching for the 1997 Festival of 118 American Folklife program on African immigrants in the. Washington, D.C., area. October 7, 1996 through August 31, 1997- Rose M. Rodriguez-Rabin, Master's Candidate, Texas A & M International University. Working on the annual Folklife Festival. June 2, 1997 through August I, 1997. Herbert G. Ruffin I, University of California at Santa Cruz. Working on the African Immigrant Project for the Festival of American Folklife, 1997. July 9, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Diana Sherblom, Bachelor’s Degree, Indiana University. Folk- life Festival. Researching and writing for the 1997 Festival of American Folklife African Immigrant program. October 7, 1996 through January 31, 1997. Kori Shlachter, Bachelor's Candidate, Stanford University. Folklife. Work with Smithsonian Folkways Recordings on the production of the Richard Dyer-Bennet release and the two Ella Jenkins reissues, Web sound bites, and organizing files. June 16, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Helen A. Smith, Bachelor's Degree. Folklife Festival. Work with the Rio Grande Basin Project and help with the Folklife Festival. June 2, 1997 through May 1, 1998. Michael D. Spencer, Master’s Candidate, University of South- western Louisiana. Folklife Festival. Mississippi Delta Project. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Derek Taylor, Master's Candidate, Northern Arizona Univer- sity. Folklife Festival. 1997 American Folklife Festival: plan- ning and implementing video production and archival management. June I, 1997 through August I, 1997. Margot Tracy, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Virginia. Friends of the Festival. To assist the program manager in working on the Fiends of the Festival for the Festival of American Folklife, 1997. May 27, 1997 through July 6, 1997. Julia M. Ward, Master's Candidate, The George Washington University. Folklife Festival. Worked on Foodways and home crafts area of the Mississippi Delta program at the 1997 Festival of American Folklife. May 19, 1997 through August 31, 1997. John T. Westerman, Bachelor’s Candidate, Portland State University. Folklife Festival. Maroon studies for the Fes- tival of American Folklife. January 13, 1997 through May 16, 1997. Terri Whitlock, Bachelor’s Candidate, School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Working with the photo department for the Folklife Festival. Publishing photos on the Web. June 9, 1997 through August I, 1997. Josh C. Wiese, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. Photography/Archives. Folklife Festival aide photographer, research assistant for the Archives. June 2, 1997 through July 21, 1997. Center for Museum Studies Jessica B. Bennett, Bachelor’s Candidate, College of William and Mary. Intern Services. To develop, research, and com- pile an information interview resource document to be used in advising interns. May 22, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Brooke M. Black, Bachelor’s Candidate, Northern Arizona University. Assist with Awards for Museum Leadership pro- gram planning and implementation February 3-21. Catalog and enter thesis and dissertations citations into the Museum Studies database. February 3, 1997 through April 30, 1997. Macthew Hartell, Bachelor's Candidate, University of South Carolina. American Indian Museum Studies Program. Gather information for a Tribal Museum Directory; tabu- late results of AIMS program survey; locate written materials to update tribal museum bibliography. July 8, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Erin C. Korengold, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Pennsyl- vania. Intern Services. Working on the July Museum Career Seminar for Interns May 27, 1997 through August 10, 1997. Carolina Maharbiz, Bachelor's Candidate, Cornell University. Latino Graduate Training Seminar. Compile a notebook with article and book readings to accompany the seminar. June 2, 1997 through August I, 1997. Dr. Svitlana Marinova, The George Washington University. Developing art museums as NGOs May 5, 1997 through December 31, 1997. Deirdre M. Prins, Center for Museum Studies. Research project: I. to investigate the role of South Africa in plan- ning for the 1999 Folklife Festival, where South Africa will be the featured country; 2. to study educational packages designed and distributed by the Smithsonian. June 23, 1997 through July 19, 1997. Comptroller Carlos Williamson, Bachelor’s Candidate, Strayer College. Of- fice of the Comptroller. Reconciling bank accounts. January 8, 1997 through March 28, 1997. Friends of the National Zoo—Communications Alexandra Feachem, Master's Degree, London School of Hygene and Tropical Med. Communications. Writing and editing for Zoogser magazine. May 18, 1997 through August 18, 1997. Heather A. Pilar, Bachelor's Degree, Washington College. Public Relations. Setting up “Newly Discovered Species” database; writing brochures on animal demonstrations at the Zoo, conservation, and the Great Barrier Reef. June 9, 1997 through September 5, 1997. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Eric Jack Baker, Bachelor's Degree, College of William and Mary. Conservation. Assisting the HMSG Sculpture Conser- vator in carrying out a variety of sculpture conservation treatments on more than seventy outdoor sculptures. Treat- ments will include cleansing of soiled sculpture surfaces, application of protective coatings, paint application, and helping make structural repairs. Assist Conservator in weekly tasks of cleaning indoor sculptures and other indoor projects when weather does not permit. June 9, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Susan L. Borkowski, Bachelor’s Candidate, The Catholic University of America. Education and Library. Working in the Library aiding the librarians in shelving and data entry. I will also be placed in other areas in order to experience and learn about other areas of the museums including education. February to, 1997 through May 23, 1997. Evan M. Cantwell, Bachelor’s Candidate, James Madison University. Education. Responsibilities include filing and labeling slides of the Hirshhorn’s acquisitions and special requests, copy work, documentation of exhibitions, process- ing of film and prints, learning techniques with large- format cameras and 4x5 film in a studio setting. June 9, 1997 through August 14, 1997. Beth Edelstein, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Pennsyl- vania, Conservation. Assisting the HMSG Sculpture Con- servator in Carrying out a variety of sculpture conservation treatments on more than seventy outdoor sculptures. Treat- ments will include cleansing of soiled sculpture surfaces, application of protective coatings, paint application, and helping make structural repairs. Assist Conservator in weekly tasks of cleaning indoor sculptures and other indoor projects when weather does not permit. June 9, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Erin Firestone, Undergraduate, Juniata College. Organization and correspondence related to internship applications, sus- taining an active intern file, coordinating the new docent schedule, and atrending/assisting with meetings for docents. Conducting research for docents. September 2, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Christopher Gilbert, Bachelor's Degree, Virginia Common- wealth University. Curatorial. Research assistant for As- sociate Curator Phyllis Rosenzweig and Assistant Curator Olga Viso at the Hirshhorn Museum. Gave Gallery Talks on “Recent Acquisitions” show, researched “Toba Khedori” exhibition. May 7, 1997 through August 30, 1997. Sarah Green, Master's Candidate, The American University. Education/Public Affairs. Developed a marketing/promotions project for 1998 summer programs in the Sculpture Garden. (Jazz series, etc.) January 17, 1997 through May I, 1997. Courtney Hewitt, Senior, University.of Vermont. Assist in writing educational material, participating in the docent program, and working with family programs. September I5, 1997 through December 12, 1997. David M. Kupperberg, High School Senior, Sidwell Friends School. Education. Producing a film of a discussion be- tween students and the Chief Curator in an effort to attract a younger audience to the Hirshhorn. Giving touch tours for the blind. May 5, 1997 through August I5, 1997. 119 Adina Loeb, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Pennsyl- vania. Curatorial. Conduct research on lesser known American artists in the museums permanent collection, and assist the sculpture curator with updating the records on Saul Baizerman. June 16, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Richard Pike, Graduated, St. Andrews University. Presented Arc Night gallery talks, conducted tours of collections and participated in press previews. Wrote radio spots and press releases. July 7, 1997 through September 12, 1997. Patricia A. Porter, Stonehill College. Education. Assisting Teresia Bush in research projects, special educational programs, and to become involved in various museum programs. January 28, 1997 through May 9, 1997. Miyuki Shimazu, Master's Candidate, The American Univer- sity. Education. Developing a distance-learning educational program for schools nationwide on the Internet. January 16, 1997 through December 31, 1997. Kristina Walton, Bachelor's Candidate, Simmons College. Education/Library. Library support/developing and giving tours of permanent collection. June 10, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Marcus Wilson, Bachelor’s Candidate, Ball State University. Education/Library. Developed lesson plans for teachers, gave tours of the “Recent Acquisitions” show. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. International Center Shawn Adams, Bachelor's Degree, University of Arizona. Caribbean and African Projects. Intern will assist the project director with administrative duties in connection with the development of an exhibition at Elmina Castle, Cape Coast, Ghana, on the life of King Prempe I and with logistical arrangements for sending consultants and sup- plies to Ghana. January 6, 1997 through June 13, 1997. Andrews Anseku. To be trained as a Plexiglas Technician at OEC, which will enable the intern to provide this skill to the Design and Fabrication Center in Ghana. September 22, 1997 through December 14, 1997. Sarah E. Cleary, Bachelor’s Candidate, Emory University. Inter- national Gallery. Assist with the activities involved with “American Voices” exhibit. May 12, 1997 through August 20, 1997. Melissa Doumitt, Bachelor's Degree, George Washington University. International Relations. To provide administra- tive support for the museum development project in Ghana. June 2, 1997 through October Io, 1997. Natalie G. DuMont, Bachelor's Candidate, Stanford Univer- sity. Tom Lovejoy’s office. Assisted with the annual Smith- sonian Environmental Conference focusing on the regional area. July I5, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Isaac Erskine. To receive additional training in new techni- ques of exhibition fabrication, which will assist intern in his position as a fabricator at the Design and Fabrication 120 Center, Ghana. September 20, 1997 through December 14, 1997. John Fiege, Bachelor’s Candidate, Carleton College. Environ- mental Awareness. Helping Thomas Lovejoy in researching for a conference concerning the state of the environment in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. December 2, 1996 through January Is, 1997. Morgan Wing Goodale, Bachelor's Degree. Institute of Con- servation Biology. Conducting research for the Institute of Conservation Biology. January 8, 1997 through March 25, 1997. David Hendricks, Doctoral Candidate, University of Califor- nia, Davis. Assisted with preparations for the Smithsonian 1997 Environmental Conference. February 3, 1997 through May 1, 1997. Sarah I. Kenderdine, Master's Degree, Otago, Curtin Univer- sity. Smithsonian Without Walls. Helping to develop on- line project “Museum Without Walls: Revealing Things” project management; content assemblage and design. November 8, 1996 through December 13, 1996. Lara Khouri, Bachelor's Candidate, George Washington University. Biodiversity/Environmental Affairs. Manage- ment of the Institute for Conservation Biology’s list-server; general administrative and programmatic support. August 25, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Eric Quayson. To be trained in new techniques of exhibition fabrication at the OEC, which will assist intern in his posi- tion as a fabricator at the Design and Fabrication Center in Ghana. September 20, 1997 through December 14, 1997. Terry M. Redding, Master’s Candidate, University of South Florida. Smithsonian Without Walls. Researching and col- lecting data on material culture for the Smithsonian Without Walls project. June 9, 1997 through September 5, 1997. Bernard Rhule. To be trained as a graphic designer at OEC, which the intern will be able to provide to the Design and Fabrication Center in Ghana. September 20, 1997 through December 14, 1997. Christine Twining, Bachelor's Candidate, Brown University. Biodiversity Affairs. Conducting research for the Institute of Conservation Biology. June 3, 1997 through September 15, 1997- Institutional Studies Office Nuria del Real, Universidad Autouowa. Conducted an inde- pendent study of visitor behavior at a Smithsonian exhibi- tion. Reviewed selected American visitor studies and designed complementary studies to be conducted with Spanish museum-going audiences. July 14, 1997 through September 30, 1997. Sheri L. Klein, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Connec- ticut. Co-authored a qualitative evaluation of the Anacos- tia/Moten School Partnership. Assisted with all phases of quantitative studies in progress during her stay. June 9, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Charles Vogl, BA, University of Southern California. Conducted a lirerarure search for studies and evaluations related to the public understanding of science. Summarized studies and developed a bibliography as background for a forthcoming SI exhibition. Assisted in qualitative analysis for a plan- ning study for NMAI. September 17, 1997 through December 19, 1997. National Air and Space Museum Ian Betts, George Washington University. Aeronautics. Intern will work with the curator of art on a book concerning the U.S. space program that will be published. The book will be illustrated by images in the NASA Art Collection of the National Air and Space Museum. Intern will locate photographic images of art and verify the artist and title. Jane 2, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Anne P. Brown, Master’s Candidate, American University. Public Affairs. Assistant edition for “Flyer” and project re- search in the Public Affairs office. January 16, 1997 through April 9, 1997. Bridget Burchett, Bachelor’s Candidate, Purdue University. Media Unit. Intern will be working as a film production as- sistant for the Museum's proposed Imax Aviation film. Work on the Imax project, which includes reviewing and cataloging past Imax files. Drafting correspondence and working on pre-production tasks. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Meghan Cummings, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. Archives. Intern will assist with cataloguing, preservation, and conservation projects dealing with the photographic collections of the NASM archives Division. June 16, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Christine Foor, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Virginia. Center for Earth and Planetary Studies. Intern will extract topographic data of Martian and lunar craters using a tech- nique called photoclinometry. Photoclinometry extracts slope data from planetary surfaces by first assuming that the digital image of a particular feature has a uniform albedo. June 9, 1997 through October 3, 1997. Roberto F. Gonzalez, Jr., Bachelor’s Candidate, Northern Illinois University. Computer Services. Assisting the LAN Administrator, Senior Technical manager and Museum programmer in their areas of specialty. July 1, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Maura Hamilton, Gallaudet University. Photography Division. Working on photoshop, scanning negatives, and printing slides. Working in studio with 4x5 large-format view camera. March 1, 1997 through June I, 1997. Naoise Johnston, Master's Candidate, University of Toronto. Archives. Intern will help establish physical and intellec- tual control of archival collections. Work will include writ- ing descriptions, arranging and rehousing collections, and performing preservation tasks to make archival collections accessible for research use. May 27, 1997 through August I, 1997- Margaret McGee, Bachelor’s Degree, South West Missouri State University. Exhibits/Education. Intern will be as- signed to the How Things Fly, gallery. Student will be engaged in maintaining current exhibits, reconfiguring those that need fine-tuning, and building additional devices. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Scott C. Mest, Master’s Degree, University of Pittsburgh. Center for Earth and Planetary Sciences. Topographic profile study of Revil Vallis, Mars, using photoclinometry; Mor- phometric study of drainage basins and channels in the southern highlands of Mars. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Sheelena Nti, Bachelor's Degree, Marymount University. Ex- hibics. Intern will draw aircraft and spacecraft on the com- puter using AutoCad software for the purpose of providing floor plans of the new NASM Dulles Center. Drawings will be based on information provided by the curatorial depart- ments. June 2, 1997 through September 26, 1997. Matthew Pate, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Colorado. Exhibits/Education. Intern will be assigned to the How Things Fly gallery. Scudent will be engaged in maintaining current exhibits, reconfiguring those chat need fine-tuning, and building additional devices. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Jennifer Ramstad, Bachelor's Candidate, Cornell University. Center for Earth and Planetary Studies. Analyzing lunar - impact on craters, and making a model that any investigator could use for age-dating small geologic units on the lunar surface. The second project involves fresh and degraded impact craters on the Martian surface. This is important for understanding the ancient Martian environment and has profound implications on the possibility of life on that planet. June 9, 1997 through August 3, 1997. Brandy Ries, Bachelor’s Candidate, Princeton University. Cen- ter for Earth and Planetary Studies. Intern will extract topographic data of Martian and lunar craters using photoclimonetry. Photoclinometry extracts slope data from planetary surfaces by first assuming that the digital image of a particular feature has a uniform alledo. June 9, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Gabrielle Smith, Bachelor's Candidate, Stanford Univer- sity. Education. Intern will assist the student services coordinator in managing the intern program. Student will assist in scheduling and recruiting volunteers for the unit and the “How Things Fly” summer institute. Intern will assist with upcoming educational program for the fall and winter. June 16, 1997 through August 22, 1997- H. David Tristan, Bachelor’s Candidate, St. Ambrose Univer- sity. Development. Assisting the directors of NASM with nonprofit fund-raising and membership programs. July 1, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Andrea M. Zamudio, Bachelor’s Candidate, Benedictine University. Computer Outreach. To update the National Air and Space Society’s existing World Wide Web page. July 1, 1997 through August 8, 1997. National Museum of American Art Sherman Anderson, MA, University of Washington. NMAA Advanced-Level Internship Program. September 5, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Kristin A. Arioli, Bachelor’s Candidate, Cornell University. Development Office. Development Office researching companies/private patrons and developing proposals for gallery funding. June 6, 1997 through August I, 1997. Rebecca Black, Graduate, Newcomb College of Tuland University. NMAA Advanced-Level Internship Program. September 5, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Susan Breitkopf, MA, American University. NMAA Advanced- Level Internship Program. September 5, 1997 through April 24, 1997. Jonathan Bucci, MA, American University. NMAA Advanced- Level Internship Program. September 5, 1997 through April 24, 1998. Adriana Burgos, Bachelor's Degree, The Savannah College of Art and Design. Exhibitions. Assisting in the development and production of Graphics for several upcoming NMAA exhibitions. June 6, 1997 through August I, 1997. Deric Carner, Bachelor's Candidate, University of California at Santa Cruz. Intern Programs. Put out-of-print issues of American Art on the journal’s website. Obtaining reproduc- tion permission and follow up calls. Converting files to Adobe and CD. In addition, he will assist in Web redesign, create new pages, etc. June 9, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Brett Crenshaw, Registrar’s Office. Assisting the professional staff with exhibitions and loans, collections storage, per- manent collections documentation, packing and shipping, and rights and reproductions in the Office of the Registrar and collections management. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Mary C. Herbert, Bachelor’s Candidate, The College of William and Mary. Registrar. Assisting in the ongoing activities of the Registrar's office. June 6, 1997 through August I, 1997. Stephanie Hibner, Intern Programs. NMAA Graduate-Level Program—see FY96 fall NMAA interns for project descrip- tion. January 13, 1997 through April 25, 1997. Jody Huebert Hamm, Intern Programs. NMAA Graduate- Level Program—see FY96 fall NMAA interns for project description. January 13, 1997 through April 25, 1997. Libby Karlinger, Master’s Candidate, Bryn Mawr College. In- tern Programs. NMAA Graduate-Level Program—see FY96 fall intern entries. January 13, 1997 through April 25, 1997. Jeannie J. Kim, Bachelor’s Candidate, Stanford University. Curatorial. Assisting the senior curator on the preparation 122 of a series of exhibitions from the permanent collection to tour the United States. June 16, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Christine Klicka, Bachelor’s Candidate, Salisbury State University. Development. Interning in the Development of- fice assisting in design of the new membership brochure, forms and updating of membership database. June 2, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Allison Kohrs, MA, University of California, Santa Barbara. NMAA Advanced-Level Internship Program. September 5, 1997 through April 24, 1998. Heather Krause, Bachelor's Degree, University of Virginia. Curatorial Department. Assisting in the curatorial division with the initial research and organization of an “American Impressionists” exhibit. June 6, 1997 through August 1, 1997. Ramona R. Lozano, Bachelor's Candidate, Metro State Col- lege. Latino Art. Latino Acquisitions—conduct research on Puerto Rican artists for exhibitions. Labeling objects. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Kathleen McKeever, Master's Candidate, Case Western Reserve University. Education. Assisting in the develop- ment and execution of a series of teacher workshops scheduled for July, as well as an educational brochure. June 6, 1997 through August I, 1997. Viviana Munoz, Bachelor’s Degree, Randolph-Macon Woman's College. Intern Programs. June 6, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Erin Parisi, University of Texas, Austin. NMAA Advanced- Level Internship Program. October 5, 1997 through April 24, 1998. Felisa Romero, Graduate Student, Complutense University (Madrid). NMAA Advanced-Level Internship. September 5, 1997 through April 24, 1998. Paul Ruther, MA, American University. NMAA Advanced- Level Internship. September 5, 1997 through April 24, 1998. Alea Schroeder, High School Senior, Calvert High School. Intern Programs. Doing the frame project for Design and Production. Inventorying the museum collection of Frames and learning about everything. October 2, 1996 through January 31, 1997. Werner P. Schweibenz, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Missouri at Columbia. New Media. Interning in office of New Media initiatives, reworking the NMAA website, and assisting in layout design for the American Art Journal. June 6, 1997 through August I, 1997. Elizabeth Spencer, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Maryland at College Park. Library. Providing assistance for an online reference service dedicated to the visual arts. Answering 3— 400 queries using the Museum’s resources (electronic and print) dedicated to American art scholarship. October I, 1996 through June Is, 1997. Joshua Stipkovits, MA, George Washington University. NMAA Advanced-Level Internship Program. September 5, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Deborah Trumble, MA, University of Florida. NMAA Advanced-Level Internship September 5, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Sarah L. Williams, Bachelor’s Candidate, Oberlin College. Registrar's Office. Assisting with the ongoing activities of the Registrar’s office. June 6, 1997 through August I, 1997. Christine Wu, Bachelor’s Candidate, Elon College. Registrar and Collections Management. Office of the Registrar and collections Management. June 2, 1997 through August 7, 1997- National Museum of African Art Joseph Barboza, Bachelor's Candidate, Cornish College of the Arts. Conservation. Collection photograph project, hat mounting, matting of the Nigerian exhibition. June 4, 1997 through August I5, 1997. H. Kellim Brown, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Florida. Education. Writing of essays for docent program at African Art. May 12, 1997 through July 5, 1997. Saran Brown, Master's Candidate, UEA Sainsbury Center. Curatorial. Research for exhibition on influence of African furniture on Pierre Leurain. March 3, 1997 through March 31, 1997- Sarah Anita Clunis, Bachelor’s Degree, Simmons College. Education. Documenting photographically, audially, and through written materials (including interviews) the process of combining a theatrical production with the Prempeh exhibit. January 6, 1997 through April 15, 1997. Sarah A. Clunis, Bachelor’s Candidate, Simmons College. Education. Documenting the exhibition “A King and His Cloth: Asantehene Agyeman Prempeh I” and collaborating with the Discovery Theater on a play based on the exhibi- tion. This summer, working on the Thursday evening film program. April 15, 1997 through September 5, 1997. Meghan Dougherty, Bachelor’s Candidate, New York Univer- sity. Photography. June 9, 1997 through August 6, 1997. Judith D. Freeman, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Arizona. Education. Education departments and Archives. Writing docent reports for objects. Writing encyclopedic entries for Getty art index. June 30, 1997 through September 12, 1997. Melinda J. Lewis, Bachelor's Candidate, Spelman College. Director's Office. Goal of project is to provide basic skills to perform curatorial, education, and exhibition develop- ment functions in a museum. Duties include learning about collection-based research, African Art, assisting education staff, and public service. June 9, 1997 through January 31, 1998. Karen E. Milbourne, Doctoral Candidate, University of Iowa. Library/Curatorial. Terms/index research and bibliography annotation and work as needed by curatorial and research departments of the National Museum of African Art. June 12, 1997 through August 21, 1997. Nancy Murphy, Second Year, Berkshire Community College. Graphics/Design. June 25, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Vicki V. Parry, Conservation. I will be working on several museum objects from NMAfA. One object is a ceramic ves- sel from Liberia. Other objects will be of varying origin and material (wood, metal, etc.). June 16, 1997 through June 22, 1997. Janet Pillai, Bachelor's Degree, University of Durbon- Westville. Curatorial. Study visitorship in museum management and administration focusing on policy, conser- vation, Curatorial practice, sound museum management operation. May 13, 1997 through June 13, 1997. Liesl J. Scheer, Master’s Candidate. Registrar. To observe the department's relationship to objects, records, and related museum staff; to gain an understanding of the automated collections database through hands-on experience; to work as a member of the registration staff on a variety of routine tasks following standard procedures and to assist in the process of deaccessioning objects from the collection. June 2, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Mulyati Tahir, Faculty of Letters, Indonesia. Study collection management at the National Museum of African Art. Sep- tember 22, 1997 through November 28, 1997. National Museum of American History Corey Aber, Bachelor’s Candidate, St. Albans High School. History. Archiving and doing discographies of the “Rock and Soul” exhibit. July 1, 1997 through July 19, 1997. Melanie A. Adcock, Bachelor’s Candidate, Kansas City Art In- stitute. Program Planning and Design. A team project that involves researched interviews that will result in a publica- ton showing how the American History building, as well as its programming, has changed over the past 33 years. July 10, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Christopher L. Agee, Bachelor's Candidate, University of California, Berkeley. Internship and Fellowship office. Assisting fellow in research on the New Deal and housing legislation. June 16, 1997 through August I, 1997. Brian J. Almeter, Bachelor’s Degree, Indiana University. Cultural History. Entering the Jazz Masterworks Orchestra musical holdings into a music publishing software, in order to upgrade the quality of the SJMO library. Novem- ber 12, 1996 through March 31, 1997. L. Jubica Arceneaux, Master’s Candidate, University of South Carolina. History/Science, Medicine and Society. Docu- menting the industrial plant and experience of student workers at Hampton Institute, 1868-1893, using archival, photographic, and collections research. June 9, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Dina Badaluco, Senior, University of California~-Davis. Research- ing Civil War, Reconstruction and Post-Reconstruction for “Blacks in the Millennium.” September 16, 1997 through December 4, 1997. Naomi Baum. U.S. Costume Collection. Copying and rehous- ing reproduction clothing patterns (nonaccessioned objects for reference material to be used by researchers); also, verti- 123 cal files in rm. 4208 (under supervision). June 23, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Ellen E. Berichon, Bachelor's Candidate, College of the Holy Cross. Education. Assist with the creation of a teacher resource corner for Hands on History. Testing of HOHR orientation monitor, Web and resource cart, work in Hands on History room. June 2, 1997 through August 19, 1997. Nicholas Bianchi, Bachelor’s Candidate, Georgetown Univer- sity. Fellowship Office. Primary and Secondary Research on housing policy and politics in 20th-century America. January 16, 1997 through May 16, 1997. Miles Bingham, Bachelor’s Candidate, Dartmouth College. Preservation. Processing and treatment of the Vidal Collec- tion (newly acquired). June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Sarah A. Blackwell, Bachelor’s Candidate, Appalachian Srate University. Education. Helping to facilitate in wet bar activities and help to design a hands-on learning project dealing with the Star Spangled Banner. May 27, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Brooke L. Blower, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Califor- nia at Berkeley. Collections Support. Assisting staff with cataloging marking and housing a variety of collections in order to help in creation of finding aid, particularly in the area of women’s history. June 10, 1997 through August 5, 1997. Elizabeth Brantley, Master’s Candidate, Louisiana State University. Preservation Services. Preservation in the Cos- tume Collection. July 7, 1997 through August 1, 1997. Sheila A. Brennan, Master's Degree, Bates College, BA Notre Dame, MA. The Lemelson Center. Helping to bring to completion a manuscript that will serve as a supplement to high school and middle school American history courses. Duties include researching, editing/organizing, and writ- ing portions of the final text. February Io, 1997 through June I, 1997. Kirsten A. Brinker, Bachelor’s Candidate, Georgetown Univer- sity. Office of Internships and Fellowships. The project will focus on collecting and interpreting articles and images of household appliances design and use in women’s magazines from c.1925—1960. All work will be contributed to Shelly Nickles’ dissertation, which examines how appliances con- tributed to defining middle-class lifestyles and values. June 23, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Clare Brown, Master’s Candidate, The George Washington University. Office of Public Services. Reviewing the acces- sibility requirements and needs for the “Pursuit of Promise” exhibit. January 22, 1997 through May 15, 1997. Tracy Brown, BA, University of Maryland. Research on “Sweat Shop” exhibit, W.W. II Poster Book, and cataloging Melloy Collection September 8, 1997 through January 2, 1998. Adrienne R. Brusselars, Bachelor's Candidate, George Washington University. Technical History. Conducting research about the Nobel Prize and American Nobel laureates. January 31, 1997 through May 5, 1997. 124 Nancy Bucy, Junior, Smith College. Ethnic Imagery Project— work with the Advertising History Collection surveying for imagery of African Americans. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Matt Burns, Bachelor’s Candidate, The American University. Science, Medicine, and Society. Performing research in sup- port of the exhibit “In Your Face.” This includes locating photographs, researching objects, and writing labels. May 12, 1997 through August 31, 1998. Thomas Chapman, Graduate, James Madison University. September 22, 1997 through May 30, 1998. Junko Chinen, Master’s Candidate, The George Washington University. Program in African American Culture. Assist with the development of a concept statement on the culture of Hip-Hop, specifically on Hip-Hop and the youth culture of Japan. Assist with archiving of PAAC program boxes. June 2,.1997 through August 2, 1997. Joanna B. Church, Bachelor's Degree, Grinnell College. Internships and Fellowships. Research assistant for ongoing project, “Hollywood's Good Neighbor policy and U.S.— Latin American Relations, 1939-1947.” Research duties will focus on primary source materials found on microfilm or at the Smithsonian Archives Center, the National Archives, and the Library of Congress Motion Picture Division. June 23, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Richard Church, Master's Candidate, University of Wisconsin at Stout. Internships and Fellowships. Research on historic markers and monuments: complete small research projects critiquing what is (and is not) on the landscape regarding various important events in U.S. History. June 2, 1997 through August I, 1997. Keisha M. Clark, Bachelor's Candidate, Tuskegee University. Internship Office. Organization of the late summer 1997 Brown Bag Lunch Series, assist with orientation of new in- terns, and represent the program in person and on the phone. July 7, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Geoffrey Claussen, High School Graduate, Carleton College. Jazz Materworks Orchestra. Helping with production of Jazz Masterworks Orchestra concerts, transcription of scores and establishment of database. June 30, 1997 through August I9, 1997. Margaret A. Compton, Bachelor's Degree, University of Texas at Austin. Archives Center. Archival research related to film and videotape collections. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Katherine M. Cook, Bachelor's Candidate, Brigham Young University. Fellowships Office. Assisting in research for Brian O'Neil on the topic of “Hollywood’s Good Neighbor Policy and U.S.—Latin American Relations 1939-1947.” May 5, 1997 through June 30, 1997. Allison Cooley, Bachelor's Candidate. Cultural History. Help- ing with the Electric Guitar project, especially the educa- tional components; “American Sampler” planning. October I, 1996 through December 31, 1996. Trevor Cornelius, Bachelor’s Candidate, The Indiana Univer- sity of Pennsylvania. Program Planning and Design. Work- ing on reinstallation of the Star-Spangled Banner, graphic design, and modelmaking to convey concept of ideas. June 2, 1997 through August I, 1997. Kevin A. Cross, Bachelor’s Candidate, Lock Haven University. Medical Sciences Collection. Researching into transgeneic tobacco, and how tobacco plants can be cultivated to produce vaccines to help cure viruses. Finishing with a term paper describing the findings from the research. May 28, 1997 through August Io, 1997. Julia Daunis, Smith College. Research on the Sam DeVincent sheet music collection. Seprember 2, 1997 through Decem- ber 19, 1997. Douglas Q. Davis, Bachelor’s Candidate, Hampton Univer- sity. Internships and Fellowships. Photograph for Intern Opportunities. Compiling information and taking photos to appear in next year's catalog. May 27, 1997 through August I, 1997. Marian “Kate” Davis, Smith College. Examine the American fashion industry during the 1920s and 1930s. Focus on Bernard Newman and Richard Greer. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Michael F. Davis, Bachelor’s Degree, St. Anselm College. Political History. Assist divisional staff with a variety of collections management projects for the Molloy labor his- tory collection, reviewing objects for George Washington, finding aid for photographs, sorting and housing document collection, general assistance in exhibition hall. June 9, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Krista DeBusschere, Bachelor's Candidate, University of California at Davis. Program Planning and Design. Work- ing on a NMAH programming and architectural history publication, a project that will combine research and design. The publication will be in magazine format show- ing how the building and its programming has changed over 33 years. June 24, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Uma S. Deshmukh, Bachelor's Candidate, Swarthmore College. Program in African American Culture. Will do administrative work such as typing, using e-mail, etc. July 1, 1997 through August 14, 1997. Karen Dove, Bachelor’s Degree, Fresno State University. Program in African American Culture. Will assist with research and program development for the Black Freedom Struggle in the midwest project. June 2, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Elizabeth Brooks Duffy, Senior, University of Kansas. Research- ing consumption patterns and music of Hip-Hop culture. August 26, 1997 through December 30, 1998. April Economides, Bachelor's Candidate, University of California at Santa Cruz. Office of Internships and Fellow- ships. Assisting in research for a dissertation on Anthony Benezet and the Atlantic Antislavery Institution (specifically creating a timeline on Quaker antislavery thought). October 18, 1996 through December 6, 1996. Jennifer Evanchik, Bachelor’s Candidate, Marymount Univer- sity. Internship and Fellowship office. Working with interns to find out what they plan to do with their history degree or other degrees dealing with museum studies. Planning Brown Bag Lunches and coordinating meetings; times and locations. October 8, 1996 through December 30, 1996. Trina J. Evarts, Bachelor's Candidate, Potsdam State Univer- sity. Historical Resources. Work on sweatshop exhibition and the labor history collection in Political History. June 12, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Jean-Francois Ezvan, Sophomore, American University. Budgeting and Marketing for the Smithsonian Chamber Players. September 15, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Emily Filler, High School Student, Ovid Elsie. Cultural His- tory. Assist Mr. Zimmerman in his duties, which include concert production and various NMAH exhibits. June 18, 1997 through July 18, 1997. Kathleen P. Fleming, Master’s Candidate, George Washington University. Director's Office. In the Project Manager's Office working with EPC and the Public Programs Group and conduct research for the Project Manager’s Office on exhibits programs and budget outside the institution. January 28, 1997 through June 1, 1997. Libbie Freed, Lemelson Center. Collections Management and research for exhibitions involving the Domestic Life Collec- tion. Also working with the Lemelson Center’s Innovative Lives Program, helping to coordinate and plan Fall 1997 program. April 2, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Kai Frick, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. Science, Medicine, and Society. Organization and analysis of portraits of scientists (in the Dibner Library), with special attention to the iconography of in- strumentation. June 2, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Angela Fritz, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Wisconsin at Madison. Archives Center. Processing Archival collection. June 2, 1997 through August 9, 1997. Jeremiah Gallay, Graduate Student, George Washington University. Lemelson Center. Helping to develop the exhibit, “The Colors of Inventions.” June 30, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Greta G. Galuszka, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of California at Santa Cruz. Archives. Working on the Ethnic Imagery project, surveying collections, slides, etc., to collect illustrations. April 8, 1997 through June 10, 1997. Jennifer L. Gawronski, Bachelor’s Candidate, Hope College. Office of Interns and Fellows. Assisting in orientating new interns. General office duties for interns. March 10, 1997 through April 30, 1997. Catherine E. Gazzoli, Bachelor's Candidate, University of California, Los Angeles. Cultural History. Doing research as an assistant to Ellen Hughes on sports history. March 25, 1997 through June 5, 1997. Nadine Gelberg, Doctoral Candidate, Penn State University. Cultural History. History of Sport Technology Policy, work- 125 ing on the Howard Head Collection. May 1, 1997 through August I, 1997. Joseph Gonzales, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Texas at Austin. Archives. Ethnic Imagery Project. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Melissa Goodman, Sophomore, The George Washington University. Public Affairs. Assist Office Of Public Affairs with daily operations and special events. August 28, 1997 through December 12, 1997. John Gorenfeld, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Califor- nia at Davis. History and Technology. Assist with Military Preparedness section of Yeoman F exhibit case. Participate in artifact rehousing projects. June 24, 1997 through August 14, 1997. Sarah Gould, Junior, Smith College. Civil Rights Movement Conference. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Nathaniel B. G. Green, Bachelor's Candidate, College of Wil- liam and Mary. Internships and Fellowships. Research for Barrelhouse Blues piano music in the rural South. June 23, 1997 through August I, 1997. Vishal Greenaway, Senior, Don Bosco Preparatory High School. Information Technology and Society. Cataloguing microchips donated by Texas Instruments. August 3, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Jennifer Greenhill, Bachelor's Candidate, UCLA. Program in African American Culture. Will assist in PAAC program planning for 1998 and 1999. June 23, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Celeste Halsema, Master's Candidate, Florida State University. Military History. Assist with Family Car exhibit, rehousing of military shoulder ranking insignia and photographic documentation of Zuoave uniforms. Collections manager of Yeoman F exhibit. June 2, 1997 through July 31, 1997. Gregory Hammond, Master's Candidate, University of Texas at Austin. Interns and Fellows Office. Assisting with ex- hibit preparations related to Latino imagery (The Mexican- American War and the Spanish-American War). July 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Kimberly Harper, Senior, University of California—Davis. Assist with the production and research for a recording of Native American women’s music, and the “Heartbeat 2” album. September 16, 1997 through December 4, 1997. Anne Harrington, Bachelor’s Degree, The George Washington University. Internship Department. Photographing and documenting Internship program, working in darkroom, assisting and learning about general photographic jobs here. January 27, 1997 through April 27, 1997. Margaret Hayden, Bachelor's Candidate, Yale University. His- tory of Technology. Research on “Rock ’n’ Soul” exhibit. Research assistant to Pete Daniel on 1950s book; project in Agriculture and NR collections. June 1, 1997 through August I, 1997. David P. Hazen, Bachelor’s Candidate, Winona State Univer- sity. Program in African American Culture. Produce a 126 paper on race relations in the United States during the 1940s and 1950s. June 16, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Taja-Nia Henderson, BA, Dartmouth College. Researching and assisting with the Millennium conference series. September 9, 1997 through December 12, 1998. Shawn M. Herne, Master's Candidate, University of Delaware. American Indian Program. Researching Cherokee language fora multimedia kiosk. December 30, 1996 through February 7, 1997. Dale Hershman, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Virginia. Internship Office. Orient New Interns, assist with late-sum- mer 1997 Brown Bag lunches. Represent the Internship of- fice. June 25, 1997 through August 5, 1997. Rebecca Highland, Smith College. Research on the history of 2oth-century popular culture. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Alice Hillery, Bachelor's Candidate, Goucher College. Plan- ning and Design. Making a foam-core model of the museum’s third floor. Revising the model to conform to renovations suggested by blueprint report. May 27, 1997 through August I, 1997. Meredith Hindley, Doctoral Candidate, The American Univer- sity. Medical Sciences. Works with Landmark’s Professor to coordinate a conference on visualizing history for the public jointly sponsored by American University and American History Museum. October 1, 1996 through August 31, 1998. Salicia Hines, High School Student, Anacostia Senior High School. Curatorial. Research for the Curatorial Department. June 23, 1997 through August I, 1997. Matthew Hobbs, Bachelor’s Candidate, Furman University. Historical Resources. Cataloging the Jackson Collection. Analyzing museum surveys and preparing a report based on results. June 10, 1997 through August 28, 1997. Eli Horowitz, Bachelor’s Candidate, Yale University. Science Medicine and Society. Studying rare portraits of scientists to unearth the iconography of instrumentation. July 8, 1997 through August 27, 1997. Christine Hudson, BA, Davidson College. Research and other work related to 1998 project. September 22, 1997 through September 19, 1997. Karen Hulme, Bachelor’s Candidate, West Chester University. Capital Programs. Research Board prospects, Star-Spangeled Banner project. Organizational duties. June 23, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Kristin E. Hundertmark, Bachelor's Candidate, College of Wooster/AU Washington Semester. Publications. Inter- nship involves learning and using editorial criteria designed to address the needs of museum visitors and the general reader, overviewing the work of the office as a whole and how it relates to the museum, attending project meetings, editing exhibition scripts/event programs/other documents, proofreading script galleys, and doing graphics research. January 23, 1997 through April 30, 1997. Katherine Hurwich, Bachelor’s Candidate, Harvard Univer- sity. History of Technology and Society. Work on Sweat- shop exhibit. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Tammy Leigh Ingram, Bachelor's Degree, University of Georgia. Social History. Assisting on an upcoming exhibit including photographs that document American family life over past generations pointing out both the similarities and the differences between family stereotypes and real-life families. October 15, 1996 through December 13, 1996. Olubayo Jackson, Bachelor’s Degree, City College of New York. Internships and Fellowships. Working with Smith- sonian Fellow Mary Emma Gram in the middle passage In- stitute helping to develop source lists from area libraries and help coordinate events. July 1, 1997 through August I, 1997- Ionic Johnson, Junior, Benjamin Banneker Academic High School. Office of Fellowships. Will assist Marya McWhirter in final stages of research about African Americans and leisure. Research periodical literature and manuscript col- lections for relevant materials. July 21, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Brad Jones, Junior, Miami University. Work on the Mal- loy/Labor history cataloging project, George Washington finding aid. August 17, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Lori Kaufman, Junior, Smith College. To investigate the work of custom dressmakers in the United States from 1855 to 1870 (particularly African American). September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Maureen B. Kelley, Bachelor’s Candidate, Creighton Univer- sity. Program in African American Culture. June 9, 1997 through January 31, 1998. Brian Keough, Master's Candidate, State University of New York at Albany. Archives. Processing the Clifford Shaw col- lection. Shaw was a member of a research team that did pioneer work on JOSS (Johnniac Open Shop Systems). JOSS was an interactive programming language. June 2, 1997 through August 9, 1997. Geoggrey Klein, Bachelor's Degree, St. Bonaventure University. Cultural History. Conducting sports research for Ellen Roney Hughes. August 4, 1997 through September 30, 1997. Lisa Kola, Bachelor's Candidate, The College of Wooster. Internship Office. Responsible for orientation of all new interns and assist with the spring 1997 Brown Bag Lunch series. She will also give information about the program to prospective interns by phone and in person. January 21, 1997 through April 30, 1997. Natalie A. Landreth, Master's Candidate, Courtauld/University of London. Costume Conservation. June 16, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Roger Laroche, Bachelor's Candidate, Stonehill College. His- torical Resources. Research and document field of window washing (images of job description/equipment, etc.). June 12, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Lisa Levine, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Pennsylvania. Musical History. Research and archiving of material for American Sampler series and Rock ’n’ Soul exhibition. June 6, 1997 through August I, 1997. Kathy Levitan, Bachelor’s Candidate, Barnard College/Colum- bia University. Internships and Fellowships. Gathering the information and photographs for the 1997-1998 edition of Intern Opportunities. and seeing it through the publication process. Assisting with the summer 1997 Brown Bag Lunch series. Representing the program and explaining the program to prospective interns. May 21, 1997 through September 7, 1997. Justin M. Lilien, Bachelor’s Candidate, New York University. History, Technology, and Economy. Work on Sweatshop exhibition and political history collections. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Camilla Lindsay, Junior, Stanford University. September 17, 1997 through December Io, 1997. Kristyn Linger, Bachelor's Candidate, Haverford College. Internships and Fellowships. Researching on “Repre- sentations of New York City, 1890-1940.” June 23, 1997 through August 15, 1997. Peter Lisius, Bachelor's Candidate, Luther College. Archives Center. Produce item-level catalog records for the sound recording series of Duke Ellington Collection. July 3, 1997 through August 23, 1997. Kristie Lockhart, Bachelor’s Candidate, Sarah Lawrence Col- lege. Director's Office. February 4, 1997 through April 27, 1997. Christine Luth, College of William & Mary. Public Affairs. Assist with media involvement, fact sheets, slides, press releases, special events, etc. June 9, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Katherine Marks, Bachelor's Degree, St. Mary’s College of Maryland. History of Technology. Intern will perform a variety of tasks related to collections management and exhibit maintenance. This includes researching objects, completing accession and nonaccesion files, housing objects, and inspecting and cleaning objects on exhibit and in the Hall of American Maritime Enterprise. Gain broad experience in collections management procedures. June 10, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Emily S. Martin, High School Student, Connelly School of the Holy Child. Textiles Collection. Research and prepare a list of weaver’s names, pattern names, owners names, and dates woven for coverlets in Jacquard coverlet collection. July 1, 1997 through August 16, 1997. Heather Massler, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Chicago. Science, Medicine, and Society. Organize and analyze portraits of scientists, paying particular attention to paraphernalia in image. Portraits are located in the Dibner library. June 23, 1997 through September 19, 1997. Christopher Mayberry, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Missouri at Rolla. Computer Services. Assisting with main- tenece of networks and in administration and management. Also provided technical support. August 19, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Andrew Melzer, Yale University. Internships and Fellowships. Working on Intern Opportunities for the 1997-1998 edition. June 9, 1997 through August 9, 1997. Kevin Menard, Virginia Tech. Information and Technology. Assisting with projects conducted by electrical collections unit in order to get broad view of museum activities: 1) lighting exhibit -collections documentation 2)power deregulation -historical research 3) computer awards -oral histories. May 21, 1997 through July 30, 1997. Gregory Michaelidis, Master's Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. Public Services. Assist in all aspects of Nobel Prize project including correspondence and partnership implementation with Deutches Museum. Research on photos, objects, and manuscripts. May 27, 1997 through August 28, 1998. Susan Miedler, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Michigan. Lemelson Center. To help with the facilitation of “Colors of Invention,” a symposium that will be presented in Novem- ber. May 19, 1997 through August I, 1997. Sarah Miller, Bachelor’s/Master’s Degree, Rollins Col- lege/Bowling Green Sc. University. Social History. Propos- ing dates for John Berbidge sketches by comparing internal evidence with information to be found in “Priscilla of Boston” Collection in the Archives Center to assist costume curator with several collection projects and the organiza- tion of research material. April 28, 1997 through August I, 1997. Naina Mistry, Bachelor’s Degree, University of California at Berkeley. 1soth Exhibition. Editorial Assistant for “Increase and Diffusion” and “Access SI” websites. October 21, 1996 through August I, 1997. Mary Rose Monkowski, Bachelor’s Candidate, Vassar College. Social History. A general orientation to museum work to acquire an understanding of the overall function of the museum. This endeavor includes research, hands-on work with collections, and exhibition development. January 28, 1997 through June 2, 1997. Rose Monkowski, Bachelor's Candidate, Vassar College. Program Planning and Design. Administrative design assistant. Entering and upkeep of project list and design. SWAT team schedule. Design duties include modeling and assisting with drawings for Yeoman F showcase and other design projects. June 2, 1997 through July 30, 1997. Teresa Mora, Master's Candidate, New York University. Ar- chives Center. Researching for the Ethnic Imagery Project. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Staci A. Morgan, Bachelor’s Candidate, Mississippi State University. Social History. Assist staff with a variety of col- lections management projects; creation of photo list for “We the People” exhibit; housing objects in Mollery Labour history collection; organize campaign collections small paper objects. June 16, 1997 through August I, 1997. Teresa Moyer, Bachelor's Candidate, Bryn Mawr College. Col- lections Management. Interfiling integration-Internship will involve adding papers to accession files that are more 128 recent than the microfilm project. June 11, 1997 through August 25, 1997. Bradley T. Nash, Bachelor’s Candidate, Harvard University. Internships and Fellowships. Primary Research in 19th- century women’s periodicals. June 5, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Amy Navitsky, Junior, Smith College. “Working American"—A social historical analysis of photographs of work. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Caroline A. Nichols, Bachelor’s Candidate, Mary Washington College. Internship and Fellowship Office. Exhibit proposal for 5oth anniversary for the World Health Organization. July 7, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Christine Nogaki, Junior, Gettysburg College. Holiday Celebration September 24, 1997 through December 29, 1997. Jennifer O'Neill, Master's Candidate, Newcastle University. Collections Management. Broad overview of the National Museum of American History as an organization, and a variety of specific projects. January 13, 1997 through April 4, 1997- Kelly Ogden, Bachelor’s Candidate, Savannah College of Art and Design. Program Planning and Design. Graphic Design Intern for exhibition planning and design. Projects include the American Flag exhibition and “Celebrating the Piano,” June 9, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Jennifer Olsen, Bachelor's Candidate, Portland State Univer- sity. Internships and Fellowships. Research Assistant on the project “History of Ecology in Latin America from 1949— 1980.” April 7, 1997 through June 6, 1997. Maya Orr, High School Graduate, Howard University/El- lington School Arts. Jazz Masterworks. Records main- tenance and filing, data entry, public information about the Summer Concert Series. June 23, 1997 through July 31, 1997. Elizabeth A. Pagel, Bachelor's Degree, Salisbury State Univer- sity. Fellowship Office. Research project involves reviewing 19th-century scientific and photographic periodicals for articles commenting on the scientific use of photography. This research includes archival work for Alicia Gamez’s dissertation titled “Fixing Race: Evolutionary Biology, Manifest Destiny and Visual Reproduction in 19th-Century U.S. Conceptions of Race.” July 7, 1997 through August 20, 1997. Renee Pastore, Senior, Gettysburg College. Work with Native American Tribes, and Mexican Wine Makers Projects, and the Heartbeat Album. September 17, 1997 through Decem- ber 12, 1997. Andrea Perper, Master’s Candidate, The George Washington University. Museum Studies. Curatorial Research and exhibition conceptualization assistant for the exhibit “Ways to See American History.” May 20, 1997 through August 21, 1997. Kristin L. Peszka, Master's Candidate, The George Washington University. Education. The development of pre- and post-visit materials to complement the museum visit for school groups (K-12), The development of a summer course for teachers. January 13, 1997 through April ro, 1997. Mark Pierson, Bachelor’s Candidate, Amherst College. His- torical Resources/Firearms. Organizing the Bayonet collec- tion in the Firearms room. June 2, 1997 through August 1, 1997- M. Theresa Macedo Pool, Master’s Candidate, University of Michigan. Archives Center. Surveying, organizing, rehousing, and assessing the geographical materials in the Warshaw collection of Business Americana. June 23, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Mary E. Porter, Bachelor's Candidate, Flagler College. Intern- ships and Fellowships. Assistant Internship Coordinator, Organizer of early summer 1997 Brown Bag Lunch Series, assist in orientation of new interns, representative of the program and assist with the production of the Intern Op- portunities catalog. April 23, 1997 through July 4, 1997. Daniel Portnoy, OIPPS. Photograph people, places, and ob- jects. September 16, 1997 through December 31, 1997. Kristen Pulsifer, Bachelor’s Candidate, Regis College. Public Affairs. Assist in day-to-day office duties, respond to media calls and inquiries, assist staff in developing and writing press releases and media advisories, and generally conduct public relations activities. January 30, 1997 through April 25, 1997- David Racanelli, Bachelor's Candidate, American University. Musical History. Jazz oral history program: creating abstracts (tape summaries) of interviews for research pur- poses. January 21, 1997 through April 25, 1997. Michelle Raluy, Senior, UCLA. Help intern coordinator or- ganize fall 1997 Brown Bag Lunch Series, assist with orien- tation for new interns, and serve as a representative of the program. September 16, 1997 through December’3, 1997. Dennis A. Regus, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Califor- nia at Santa Barbara. Medical Sciences. Research Assistant for the exhibition on preemptively protecting the body. January 7, 1997 through March 13, 1997. Allison C. Reid, Master’s Candidate, San Francisco State University. Lemelson Center. Innovative Lives is a series of lecture-demonstrations that introduces students to inven- tors and encourages them to explore the world of invention and creative thinking. January 16, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Peggy Reversat, BA, American University. Evaluate visitor experience and services for foreign visitors, learn about exhibits and program development. September 15, 1997 through December 9, 1997. Noah Rindos, Charles O. Ozkerson High School. Cataloging and researching 1,051 prints and portraits of scientists. September 3, 1997 through June 1, 1998. Lisa Robinson, Master’s Degree, University of Michigan. Lemelson Center. Processing Archival Research. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Jessica L. Roscio, Bachelor’s Candidate, College of William and Mary. Photographic History. Work directly with collec- tion items and with staff to catalog information. Entering data into computers; assist staff in answering research inquiries; create object lists for researcher requests, gaining insight into museum work. Special project; history of ex- hibitions produced by the Photographic History collection (1888-1997). May 20, 1997 through August 14, 1997. Kathleen Rubin, Bachelor's Degree, University of Michigan. Program Planning and Design. Intern for the “On Time” exhibition. Participating in exhibition design, model build- ing, etc. January 27, 1997 through May 31, 1997. Noriko Sanefuji, Bachelor’s Candidate, Randolph-Macon Woman's College. Curatorial. Research on Japanese- Americans in wartime concentration camps. July 2, 1997 through August 20, 1997. Amy Sariti, Bachelor’s Candidate, College of William & Mary. Hands-on Science Center. Facilitating experiments in the Hands-on Science room. In addition, I will be researching possible hands-on activities on math, as well as a research and demographic study for the HOSC. May 19, 1997 through August I, 1997. Carmella Schaecher, Senior, Stanford University. Research for the conference “Free People of Color” September 17, 1997 through December 5, 1997. Elke Schlueter, MA, TU Braunschweig. Research fora forthcoming exhibition about Nobel Prize winners. Sep- tember 8, 1997 through November 14, 1997. Andrew Schneller, Bachelor’s Candidate, Brown University. Internships and Fellowships. Research assistant for a disser- tation on U.S. cultural history of government and science; use of resources from the Smithsonian, Library of Congress and National Archives. June 2, 1997 through July 5, 1997. Thomas J. Schroeder, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Red- lands. Photography. Photographing the inauguration activities, scanning the photographs, and placing them on the website. January 8, 1997 through February 8, 1997. Douglas Schuster, Bachelor's Candidate, George Mason University. Music Collection. Working on Piano 300 project, helping research and document keyboards in NMAH collection. Organizing a database/photo archive. Also various music collection-related projects such as collec- tion files and public inquiries. July 10, 1997 through July 10, 1998. Sascha Scott, BA, Colorado College. Research on the Star Spangled Banner restoration project. September 11, 1997 through September 11, 1998. Yaroslav P. Senyk, Master’s Candidate, Catholic University, School of Library. Archives Center. Sam De Vincent Collection of American Sheet Music: arrangement, description, and crea- tion of a finding aid. June 2, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Ronald Simon, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. Internships and Fellowships. Assisting with research on late-19th-century telegraph in an effort to examine notions about communication and long-distance relationships in popular culture. May 27, 1997 through August I5, 1997. 129 Jennifer Snyder, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Wiscon- sin at Eau Claire. Archives Center. To complete the registra- tion, rehousing, arrangement, and description of the Maidenform Collection, an archival collection documenting the history of Maidenform, Inc. The completed finding aid will be posted on the Archives Center webpage. June 2, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Mark J. Sowa, Bachelor’s Candidate, The American Univer- sity. Culcural History. Assist with archiving “Field to Factory, Go Forthe and Serve” and Divisional African American resource materials. Preparing for Wade in the Water exhibition, collection, installation, and take down. HBCV program and project planning and development, newsletters-programs, etc. May 15, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Suzanne M. Springer, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Vir- ginia. History of Technology. Working and researching topics related to the upcoming exhibition “The History of Time in the U.S.—On Time.” June 2, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Tricia Stadelmaier, Bachelor's Candidate, Grove City College. Internships and Fellowships. Research projects with Jim Loewen for “Lies Across the Landscape.” June 9, 1997 through August 9, 1997. Eric D. Stich, Bachelor’s Candidate, The American University. Program Planning and Design. Assisting a Graphic Designer on the “On Time” exhibition. May 12, 1997 through August I, 1997. Craig M. Stinson, Master’s Candidate, George Washington University. Cultural History. Economic history of New Mexico under colonial Spanish rule, specifically researching documents accounting supplies to the missions. January 27, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Elizabeth A. Sumiada Huaman, Bachelor’s Candidate, Dartmouth. American Indian Program. Native Women’s Music; research and production work for a forthcoming recording. January 23, 1997 through March 33, 1997. Lisa S$. Tahk, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of California at Berkeley. Social History. Assist in developing a cultural ethnic diversity reference file; ultimately, this will lead toa collection strategy. June 4, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Peleg Tal, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. Education. Facilitating in the Hands-On History room , and working on special educational projects including tour-guide booklets geared for children. February 24, 1997 through June I, 1997. Scott S. Taylor, Master’s Candidate, Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Science and Technology. Research intern for Carlene Stephens, who is part of a team designing a new exhibition, entitled “On Time.” May 12, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Therasa Tremblay, Bachelor's Candidate, University of New Hampshire. Office of Internships and Fellowships. Assis- tant Internship Coordinator, Organizer of spring 1997 Brown Bag Lunch series, assistant in orientation of new in- 130 terns, and a representative of the program. January 28, 1997 through May 9, 1997. Michael Twitty, Bachelor's Candidate, Howard University. Program in African American Culture. Research/bibliog- raphical search for “Millennium Conference Series: African Americans from the Middle Passage to Outer Space.” June 2, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Lisa H. Tyner, Bachelor’s Candidate, The American Univer- sity. Chief Design. Develop the conceptual application and design for the Star Spangled Banner project prospectus. This publication will contain summary descriptions of the projects component parts: conservation, architectural renovations, exhibits, history artifacts. Illustrations of ob- jects, graphics, floor plans for exhibits, technical diagrams, and architectural renderings that will supplement descrip- tive text. February 12, 1997 through May 8, 1997. Nathalie van Deehen, Shenandoah University. Program in African American Culture. Work on public relations and outreach via Internet. Help to develop materials relating to the PAAC for discrimination online. Help to identify potential contacts for electronic information. Compile a list of Afro-American cultural websites. January 13, 1997 through April 30, 1997. Nicholas M. Vaughan, High School Student, Thomas Jefferson High School. Numismatic Collection. Sorting and documenting money from the Numismatic collection. The money will be paper money, which will be sorted and rehoused. July 17, 1997 through August 27, 1997. Mura Venters, BA, Pomona College. Assist with exhibition on Nobel Prize, research and database management of the his- tory of the Nobel Prize and laureates. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Mark D. Wahlert, Master’s Candidate, The George Washing- ton University. Director's Office. Working on various management projects, strategic management, and board communication resources. May 19, 1997 through September 30, 1997. Elizabeth Walton, Bachelor’s Candidate, George Washington University. Costume. Researching and cataloguing for a col- lection of early-2oth-century lingerie dresses. July 22, 1997 through December 31, 1997. Dr. Beatrix Wedi-Palscha, Doctoral Degree. Nobel Prize ex- hibition research and planning (including secondary material research). July 15, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Noah Buck Wester, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Maryland. Archives Center. Arrange and describe the Nav- roze Contractor Photograph Collection and the addition of the images from the photographic collage to the Duke Ellington ephemera. Help the staff of the Duke Ellington collection to compile 15-second sound bites from the Ellington Collection sound recordings series to be added to the Ellington Collection Web page. March 7, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Sallie G. Wheeler, Bachelor’s Degree, North Carolina State University. Medical Sciences. Research and catalogue a col- lection of anatomical models. Research the history of breast prosthetics. Get a greater understanding of how a museum operates. January 21, 1997 through April 4, 1997. Tara Y. White, Master’s Candidate, State University College at Oneonta. Curatorial. General research for book on African American History and Museums. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Tamara M. Wilds, Master’s Degree, University of Maryland at College Park. Program in African American culture. The program in African American culture is planning to launch a national conference series to mark the reform of the cen- tury and the millennium. This national series will guaran- tee that African American history and culture is audible and visible in American academic and popular arenas. June 2, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Erik D. Willer, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Michigan. Archives Center. Work on Korda collection of sports memorabilia. June 4, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Psyche A. Williams, Master’s/Doctoral Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. Cultural History. “Food Gender and Consumption in African American Culture, 1850-1950” research for Ph.D. dissertation. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Emily Wilson, Graduate, Boston University. Lemelson Cen- ter. Innovative Lives project. Solar car contest (Lemelson Center For Invention and Innovation). September 3, 1997 through November 8, 1997. Anna Wirz, University of Basel. Archives Center. Processing film, video, and audio collections. Examine, repair, and prepare archival film, video, and audio materials for preser- vation, duplication, and long-term archival storage. July 11, 1997 through August 27, 1997. Joanna Yount, Master’s Candidate, Appalachian State Univer- sity. Internships and Fellowships. Organizing the orienta- tion of new interns. Giving “Real Stuff” tours. Answering questions from interns. Assist with early-summer 1997 Brown Bag Lunch series. May 12, 1997 through July 3, 1997. John G. Zagas, Bachelor's Candidate, Trinity College, Dublin. Internship and Fellowship Office. Help with orienting new people to the Museum, represent the inter- nship program in person and over the phone, assist with the placement process, support applicants through the process, and assist with the photography project that visually documents the program. February 3, 1997 through May 31, 1997. National Museum of the American Indian Melina E. Aguilar, Bachelor's Candidate, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey Research Branch/Inc. Project. Worked on continuation of documenting archaeological portion of Inka material. Learned “Embark” system used to catalog objects. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Alfreda G. Beartrack, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of New Mexico. Film/Media. Responsible for implementation and analysis of an information survey that will be used to determine the status of media among tribes. I will also conduct a research project on Native American animators. January 13, 1997 through March 7, 1997. Kenneth M. Dawes, Research Branch. Do research on the Seminol Indians and the Crow material at the Research branch. Will identify Crow material in preparation for visit by Crow delegation. Searched objects and helped inventory collection. June 9, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Charmaine R. Jackson, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of New Mexico. Film and Video (New York). Working on the 1997 Native American film and video festival. June 4, 1997 through August 14, 1997. Fred Jean, Bachelor's Candidate, State University at Old Westbury. Development. Assisting in developing a cam- paign to attract funding to the American Indian Museum. February 11, 1997 through March 20, 1997. Kathryn Kirk, Bachelor’s Candidate, Fordham University. Repatriation. Researching the collector history of 700+ human remains that were given by the MAI to NYU Den- tistry School. The research will be given to NYU to assist them in their efforts to repatriate the remains. June 2, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Ian Wilson Record, Bachelor’s Degree, James Madison Univer- sity. Public Affairs. Working in public affairs department at the National Museum of the American Indian. Intern duties include media and community relations, publica- tions, and article writing. November 6, 1996 through February 6, 1997. Kristi Schultz, Bachelor's Degree. Film/Education. Develop- ing a high school component of the NMAI Film Festival. June 15, 1997 through October Is, 1997. Molly Senior, Bemidji State University. Publications. Assist in the development of a poetry book featuring photographs from the NMAI collection, and writings by the Wordcraft Circle of Native writers and storytellers. Work on the Fiddle Book and CD notes. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Paul Shell, Bachelor's Candidate, The University of Okla- homa. Facilities Planning/Architectural Liaison. Working with project liaison to ensure the NMAI is respective of the Smithsonian's program. Primarily, reviews of design work by the core design team. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Malia G. Simonds, Public Affairs. Assisted in all special events and media-related projects occurring at the George Gustave Heye Center. Drafted press releases and worked with local businesses to collaborate on marketing material for lower Manhattan. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Sara Lynn Summers, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Wis- consin at Milwaukee. Research Branch. Assisted Collec- tions Management staff in securing and housing objects of collections. Focused on cedar mats of the Northwest Coast; creating mounts and securing objects in museum. June 9, 1997 through August Is, 1997. 131 National Museum of Natural History Fran Biehl, Master’s Degree, Northern Arizona University. Repatriation Office. Cultural Affiliation research portion of Wichita repatriation case. May 21, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Jennifer Cameron, High School Senior, Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology. Mammals. Dietary preferences in the pygmy and dwarf sperm whales “Kogia breviceps” and K. simus. January 31, 1997 through June 11, 1997. Renee M. Catlin, Bachelor’s Candidate, St. Lawrence Univer- sity. Public Affairs. Assisting the office of Public Affairs with press clippings, media inquiries, film crews, and other duties as assigned. January 22, 1997 through May 2, 1997. Sondra Cohelan, Grad, University of California, Santa Cruz. Scientific Illustration—learning tricks of the profession. September 8, 1997 through December 15, 1997. Vanessa Cruz, Bachelor’s Candidate, Cornell University. Ar- chaeology. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Zamara Cuyun Grimm, Senior, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities. The Environmental and cultural impact of the Spanish Conquest on the Toluca Valley, Mexico. September 15, 1997 through November 21, 1997. Jinene DeRibas, Master's Candidate, The George Washington University. Anthropology. Internship in Collections Management. Learning methods used by the Department of Anthropology for accessioning new collections, loan pro- cedures, inventory control, storage methodology, and visitor access. May 12, 1997 through June 30, 1997. Nicole E. Evans, Master’s Degree, University of Newcastle- upon-Tyne. Naturalist Center. Assisting the Program Direc- tor in a research project on the use of museum objects in education. I will research museums that use objects in education. May 18, 1997 through July 1, 1997. Annamaria Ferruggia, Bachelor’s Candidate, Penn State University. Public Affairs. Assists the Office of Public Affairs with media calls, film crews, and publicity mailings for museum exhibitions. Answer phone calls and other duties as assigned. June 15, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Kelly Ford, Master's Candidate, The George Washington University. Registrar/Anthropology. Through a combined internship with the Department of Anthropology and the Office of the Registrar, studied how an object is inven- toried and rehoused, made accessible to researchers, and tracked through the central records maintained in the Office of the Registrar. May 12, 1997 through June 26, 1997. Lezli Freeman, Bachelor’s Candidate, Howard University. Public Programs. Accessioning African objects by creating electronic file as well as a hard copy. Technical research and strategic description of collections are essential. Some col- lections management. August 5, 1997 through October 31, 1997. Jeremiah Gallay, Master's Candidate, The George Washington University. Exhibits. Assisting NMNH Design Office. 132 Designing a creative functional, flexible docent cart for use in NMNH galleries. May 12, 1997 through June 30, 1997. Arleen Garcia, Master's Candidate, University of Wyoming. Anthropology. Analyzing and documenting the design, manufacture, use(s), wear, and microscopic use-wear of the ground stone artifacts from the Lindenmeier site, Colorado; the Horner Site, Wyoming; and the Cattle Gaurd Site, Colorado, all from the Paleoindian Period. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Sephen A. Goroff, High School Student, Lab School of Washington. Education. Working in the Office of Education's Discovery Room. October 21, 1996 through April 30, 1997. Tene D. Greene, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Arizona. Paleobiology. Morphological Analysis of Permian Aged Taeniopteris, characterization of morphological variation in the fossil plant Taeniopteris. Develop acats base on the mor- phology by using quantitative measures. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Aislynn H. C. Griffin, Bachelor's Candidate, Macalester College. Exhibits. Help prepare a traveling exhibition and organize a conference on indigenous knowledge and the environment. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Jennifer Hatch, Senior, University of California—Davis. September 16, 1997 through December 14, 1997. Mai-Li Hokama, Bachelor's Degree, Brown University. Anthropology. Conserving Polynesian bark cloth including bibliographic and photographic work. October 7, 1996 through December 13, 1996. Carolyn L. Houser, Bachelor's Candidate, Virginia Tech. Mineral Sciences. Establishing a classification system for anorogenic pegmatites and mending/changing the classi- fication system for orgenic pegmatites to fill in the gaps; both systems should be flexible enough to allow for any further changes needed in the future. January 15, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Cynthia Innis, Bachelor’s Degree, Catholic University of America. Exhibit Design. Silk-screening, typesetting, sign production, and doing various inks, paints, glues, and some power tools. October 17, 1996 through May 31, 1997. Jeanette C. Kaines, Master’s Degree, University of East Anglia. Exhibits. Assisting with the new Geology Hall March 3, 1997 through March 28, 1997. Riva Khoshaba, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Chicago. American Indian Program. Compiling a bibliography on material culture for the American Indian Program. June 23, 1997 through August 29, 1997. David P. Kuwayama, Bachelor's Degree, University of Wiscon- sin. Anthropology. Primary project is the development of a computer-aided drafting database management system to graphically catalog and analyze skeletal pathologies. January 15, 1997 through May 30, 1997. Alicia V. LaValle, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Michigan. Division of Fishes. Conservation of scientific illustrations for the Division of Fishes. June 9, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Lisa Lee, Bachelor's Candidate, Smith College. Working with conservation and preservation of scientific illustrations of fish; visual imaging for the World Wide Web. June 16, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Jane LeGrow, Bachelor’s Candidate, Pennsylvania State University. Anthropology. Working with Dr. Loring on the Aleutian collections he recovered during the 1996 field season. May 19, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Jung Lim, Bachelor's Degree, The George Washington University. ADP. Assist in projects involved with geographic information systems. duties include digitizing, database entry editing, and map production. June 10, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Nick Longrich, Bachelor's Candidate, Princeton University. Ornithology. Researching Avian paleontology. May 27, 1997 through August I, 1997. Gerrish Lopez, Bachelor's Degree, University of New Hampshire. Anthropology. Analysis of ethnic diversity during the Colonial period in Central Mexico. August 4, 1997 through September 30, 1997. Arion T. Mayes, Doctorate, University of Colorado at Boulder. Repatriation. Responsible for inventorying, aging, sexing, metric traits, nonmetric traits, and pathological assessment of human skeletal remains. Final report to include sugges- tions for cultural affiliation. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Todd McConchie, Bachelor’s Candidate, George Washington University. Vertebrate Zoology. Biology and geographic dis- tribution of the pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps). February 3, 1997 through May 31, 1997. Ayumu Ota, Master’s Candidate, The George Washington University. Education. Developing an evaluation methodol- ogy for the electronic field trip component of the Natural Partners Initiative. Evaluating the Naturalist Cart Pro- gram. January 13, 1997 through April Io, 1997. Kim Owsley, High School Student, Fairfax High School. Physical Anthropology. Data entry and general office assis- tance. June 20, 1997 through December 20, 1997. Steve Pomernaki, Undergraduate, University of California— Santa Cruz. Help conduct inventory of a lithics collection that must be returned to Canada. September 29, 1997 through December 15, 1997. Kenneth G. Poocha, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Arizona. Anthropology. Bibliography for Colorado River and Yuman tribes. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Meredith J. Pyle, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Maryland at Baltimore Co. Handbook Office. Assisting the research for the Handbook of North American Indians. June 9, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Katherine Roberson-Young, Bachelor's Candidate, Wesleyan University. Anthropology. Work with film footage of a Tibetan Settlement in Mundgod, South India (1979); write short descriptions and summaries for indexing and cataloging purposes. June 3, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Steve Rosenberg, Undergrad, University of California—Santa Cruz. Helping to inventory a lithics collection that must be returned to Canada September 29, 1997 through Decem- ber I5, 1997. Margo L. Rosingana, Bachelor's Candidate, The American University. Handbook of North American Indians. Re- search on both historical and contemporary photography of Native American people especially in the Plateau culture area. January 13, 1997 through April 28, 1997. Page Selinsky, Bachelor's Candidate, The George Wash- ington University. Anthropology. Assist in moving of physical Anthropology collections. Inventory Old World material from the Hirshhorn. January 13, 1997 through June I, 1997. Nihad Shabbar, Doctoral Candidate, The George Washington University. Public Programs. To participate in planning and development of activities related to installing new exhibits on human evolution, European prehistory, and ancient Egypt including helping with collections and library research and with script development. June 9, 1997 through August 30, 1997. Rajshree Solanki, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Tennessee at Knoxville. Archaeology. Ceramic Analysis, database maintenance. January 6, 1997 through March 16, 1997. Joanna Spooner, Senior, Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology. Systematics and evolution of Cetecea (whales/dolphins) September 15, 1997 through January 30/98. Tarissa L. Spoonhunter, Bachelor's Degree, University of Mon- tana. Repatriation. Gathering of documentation to evaluate the cultural affiliation of Native American human remains and funerary objects from Texas as part of the repatriation process. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Elizabeth Stern, High School Senior, Holton Arms School. Anthropology/Archeology. Learning how archaeologists use ceramic shards to learn about past cultures May 2, 1997 through May 30, 1997. Elizabeth Stern, Bachelor’s Candidate, Washington Univer- sity. Anthropology. Working to reconstruct pottery from an archaeological dig. July 1, 1997 through August 18, 1997. Leslie Taylor, Master's Candidate, George Washington Univer- sity. Handbook of Native American Indians. Research on issues relating to North American Indian historical photographs. January 17, 1997 through May Is, 1997. Carolyn E. Thornton, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Louisville. Anthropology. Working with human skeletal remains from Jordan or Baharain, looking for signs of trauma and disease. October 7, 1996 through December 13, 1996. Abigail VanDuyne, Master's Candidate, Harvard Graduate School of Education. Education. June 16, 1997 through August I, 1997. Flora Waples-Trefil, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Chicago. Molecular Systematics Lab. Using genetic 133 markers to redraw/discover phlogenics of plants. June 23, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Jessica M. Warren, Bachelor’s Candidate, Cambridge Univer- sity. Mineral Sciences. Origin of cathode luminescence in world jadeitite deposits. July 9, 1997 through September 30, 1997- Wendy Wasserman, Master’s Candidate, George Washington University. Anthropology. Hawaiian Collections at the Smithsonian and their donors: Biographies, histories, and summaries. January 7, 1997 through June 30, 1997. Marie Watkins, Doctoral Candidate, Florida State University. Handbook of North American Indians. Comparative study of turn-of-the-century paintings and photographs of American Indian’s purchased by the Smithsonian Institu- tion. May 12, 1997 through May 23, 1997. Shu-mei Yang, Bachelor's Degree, The George Washington University. Anthropology. Preparing a grant proposal for the care and exhibition of a group of painted paper kites, which were a gift from the Imperial Chinese government to the United States in 1876. June 30, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Dale Young, Doctoral Candidate, Howard University. LMS. Researching in Molecular Phylogenic Studies on the Species of Central American birds to confirm their relation- ships, etc. May 19, 1997 through August 22, 1997. National Museum of Natural History—Research Training Program Mac H. Alford, Bachelor's Candidate, Mississippi College. Botany. Describing a new species of Commelina from Africa using morphological, cytological (chromosome number), and anatomical characters. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Amy Balanoff, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Texas at Austin. Invertebrate Zoology. Helping to organize and curate the spring snail collections. May 24, 1997 through June 30, 1997. Katherine Bash, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Texas at Austin. Entomology. The Leepidoptera of NAS Miramar: what we can learn from fauna surveys. Demonstration of the importance and applications of fauna surveys. May 27, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Linda Boose, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Delaware. Entomology. Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Ostrinia— the European corn Borer complex. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Whitney Butler, Bachelor's Candidate, Gettysburg College. Anthropology. Survey of various NMNH archaeological human skeletal remains to determine the prevalence of scurvy. This will provide insight into dietary differences between archaeological human populations. May 24, 1997 through August 23, 1997. Jessica Cafarella, Bachelor’s Candidate, Duke University. Anthropology. Survey of various NMNH archeological 134 human skeletal collections to determine the prevalence of scurvy (vitamin C deficiency). This will provide insight into dietary differences between archeological human populations. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Josh Campbell, Bachelor's Candidate, Auburn University. Paleobiology. The project will be an evaluation of Pecop- teris foliage at the Pennsylvanian and Parmina age. May 23, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Kerri M. Carlson, Bachelor's Candidate, Miami University. Anthropology. This project will involve a vertical assess- ment of the various techniques used to determine tribal cultural affiliation within the context of current U.S. repatriation legislation. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997- Joshua A. Chamot, Bachelor's Candidate, The College of Wil- liam and Mary. Paleobiology. Analysis of stable carbon isotope ratios. Attempting to correlate stable carbon isotope ratios in fossil plants with an anomalous 6x13 C spike near the Paleocene/Eocene boundary. May 24, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Klint A. Cowan, Bachelor’s Candidate, Antioch College. Mineral Science. Conducting a study of silicate and heavy metal differentiation in the early solar nebula, by analyzing the macroscopic structure and particle masses of meteorites. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Emma Mae Dawson, Bachelor’s Candidate, Southern IIlinois University. Botany. Identification of Rhods phyta, Phaeophyta, and Chlorophyta from the Dominican Republic by preparing specimens for anatomical studies including whole and stained mounts, microtechniques, freeze—murotome sectioning, and photomicrography. May 24, 1997 through July 2, 1997. Gregory A. Dehn, Bachelor's Candidate, Colorado College. Mineral Sciences. Testing the idea that metal and silicate were fractionated by mass. This will be done by examining metal-silicate mass equivalence in meteorites known to have formed through melting, differentiation, and mixing on the surfaces of asteroids. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Luisa I. Falcon-Alvarez, Bachelor’s Candidate, UNAM. Inver- tebrate Zoology. Identification of Larval and paralarval stages of the Cephalopod family Gonatidae, with a biogeographical study of the family. May 24, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Noah R. Feinstein, Bachelor’s Candidate, Harvard University. Invertebrate Zoology. Members of the gastropod genus Xenophora attach corals and other objects to their shells, ostensibly in an effort to camouflage their outlines. This project will examine the association between Xenophora and certain deep-water corals, and will include a survey of coral species attached, as well as a spatial analysis of attach- ment pattern. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Emily F. Greenfest, Bachelor’s Candidate, Bryn Mawr College. Paleobiology. Measuring and analyzing insect herbovory on a lower Permian flora in order to test hypotheses about the coevolution of insects and plants. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Sarah Hood, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Nevada at Reno. Invertebrate Zoology. In this project the student will describe a new species of a pelagic nemertean worm and assemble comparative data to be included in a cladistic analysis. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Pablo Santiago Jarrin Valladares, Bachelor's Candidate, Pon- tificia Universidad Catocicaden Ecu. Vertebrate Zoology. Finalization of a diagnostic Key for Bat Species (chicrop- tera) from the Amazon, based on norphometrics. May 24, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Darren Locke, Bachelor’s Degree, Norwich University. Mineral Sciences. Perform research on samples of ancient volcanic ash and associated sedimentary rocks of the central Appalachians. June 23, 1997 through September 16, 1997. Christian McKeon, Bachelor's Candidate, The Evergreen State College. Invertebrate Zoology. Analysis of the squid family Onychoteothide from the collections of the Amsterdam Mid-North Atlantic Plankton Expedition. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Tatiana Mikhailova, Moscow State University. Zoology. Com- paring the natural conditions of the species existence in the Palearctic and Nearctic by comparing the distribution maps with geographical data maps. We will create “dot” distribution maps of the species, using GIS system (Arc View, Arc Info) available in the ADP office. May 24, 1997 through August 16, 1997. Nathan Muchhala, Bachelor's Candidate, Earlham College. Vertebrate Zoology. A new species of Soleichthys from tropical seas of Northern Australia. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Anna Munoz, Bachelor’s Candidate, New Mexico State University. Vertebrate Zoology. The project will consist of the analysis and comparison of advertisement calls and/or morphological characteristics of Elentherodactylus fenestratus populations from Peru and Brazil to determine whether these populations are comprised of the same species. May 24, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Carla S. Nappi, Bachelor’s Candidate, Harvard University. Paleobiology. Assessing characteristics and performing cladistic analyses of Permian and Triassic species of sub- ulitid gastropods, determining the phylogenetic relation- ship between Triassic and Permian species, and inferring from this the gastropod characters that contributed to species’ survival of the end-Permian mass extinction. May 24,1997 through August 2, 1997. Bronwen Presswell, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Wales Aberystueytti. Fishes. Description of a new species of fresh- water characid fish from Guyana, S. America, apparently re- lated to the characidiin genus Flachocarax. Discussion of the new species’ relationships to the subfamily characidiinae and especially Gachocarx. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Surangi Punyasena, Bachelor's Candidate, Yale University. Vertabrate Paleontology. The study aims to evaluate dif- ferent measures of diversity in the Plio-Pleistocene Turkana Basin Mammal Fauna, with comparison to Modern Faunal diversity. May 24, 1997 through August 23, 1997. Christopher Richards, Bachelor's Candidate, Oberlin College. Invertebrate Zoology. The use of comparative anatomy and histology to determine the taxonomy of an undescribed species of Pantionemerteay worm. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Traesha R. Robertson, Bachelor's Candidate, Angelo State University. Paleobiology. Conduct an evaluation of the genus Pecopteris foliage of Pennsylvanian and Permian age. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Jeannie Skalsky, Master's Candidate, Texas A&M. Botany. Revision of the Caribbean species of the flowering plant genus Liabum (Compositae). May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. W. Leo Smith, Bachelor’s Degree, University of California at San Diego. Vertebrate Zoology. A new species of Belanoperca (Teleostei: Serranidae: Spinephelinea: Diploprionin) with a discussion of Diploprionin relationships. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Rebecca Spokony, Bachelor's Candidate, Cornell University. Botany. Examining the degree of genetic variability found in DNA sequences from the nuclear ribosomal ITS and chloroplast spacer regions as a means to study the evolu- tionary relatedness of the species in Phaseolus. The relation- ships found will be compared with previous variability studies done with seed storage proteins and DNA fragment markers assessed with AFLP. May 24, 1997 through August 2, 1997. Brian Yang, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Michigan. Herpetology. The project will examine whether a currently recognized species of lizard (Holbrookia maculafa) should be divided into two or three species based on morphologi- cal and geographic data. May 24, 1997 through August 22, 1997. National Portrait Gallery Angela Bourne, Master’s Candidate, Tufts University. Catalog of American Portraits—researching, gathering and catalog- ing biographical information for the National Portrait Gallery archives and Web database. July 1, 1997 through August 22, 1997. B. Erin Buckner, Senior, Rutgers College. To assist with a living history program, Lens of History, to be presented on Saturdays in conjunction with the special exhibition “Math- ew Bishop's Portraits.” September 22, 1997 through Decem- ber 12, 1997. Sophie Cantell, Smith College. Presidential portraits of George Washington. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997- 135 Carla Ceruzzi, High School Student, Canterbury School. Com- puter Services. “Gateway Project’”—which will develop a thematic approach to collections information on the Smithsonian website. The theme of the project is migra- tions of people, cultures, and ideas. June 16, 1997 through July 18, 1997. Kathleen Chen, Senior, Walter Johnson High School. Graphics. Assist with production of Edith Wharton, Matthew Brady, and George Marshall exhibits opening fall 1997. July 15, 1997 through November 14, 1997. Melissa Ciappetta, Bachelor's Candidate, Muhlenberg College. Education. Responsibilities: Manage intern application files, perform a variety of clerical duties (reply to telephone and written inquiries about NPG's internship program, schedule orientation appointments, prepare exit clearances and certificates, assist with the summer intern conference). June 5, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Angelica M. Docog, Doctorate Degree, University of Manchester. Curatorial. Researching portraits representing the Hispanic tradition of portraiture in North America for a future exhibition. October 7, 1996 through December 13, 1996. Laura M. Fiorilli, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Chicago. Office of the Historian. June 23, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Laura E. Firczuk, Bachelor’s Degree, The American Univer- sity. Education. Assist the Public Program Director in producing Cultures in Motion Programs, and the Portrait Gallery's film series. May 12, 1997 through July 28, 1997. Amber Frid-Jimenez, Bachelor's Degree, Wesleyan University. Design and Production. Assisting in the design and produc- tion of the “Mathew Brady’s Portraits: Images as History, Photography as Art” and “Edith Wharton's World: Portraits of People and Places” exhibitions. July 14, 1997 through September 19, 1997. Regina Galea, Smith College. Research and annoration of the Charles Willson Peale family papers. Seprember 2, 1997 through December I9, 1997. Ann Hollinger Gibson, Bachelor’s Degree, Stephens College. Catalog of American Portraits. Doing biographical research on subjects and artists, cataloging, and incorporating data and images into a national online database. October 7, 1996 through December 23, 1996. Laura E. Gilmour, Bachelor’s Candidate, Randolph-Macon College. Catalog of American Portraits. Duties include biographical research on subjects and artists, cataloging, and incorporating data and images into a national online database. May 27, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Bernadine Gonsalez, Master's Candidate, University of Texas at Austin. Library. Assisting in processing materials for the Ray Smith caricature and cartoon collection in the NMAA/NPG library. March 3, 1997 through April 3, 1997- Emily Hage, Master’s Degree, University of Maryland. Prints and Photographs. Researching celebrity caricatures. May 21, 1997 through August 8, 1997. 136 Brenda Ingersoll, Bachelor’s Candidate, Lawrence University. Education. Collaboration and research for NPG educational previsit materials. July 9, 1997 through August 30, 1997. Sarah Keller, Bachelor's Degree, University of Chicago. Curatorial/Painting and Sculpture. George Washington portrait exhibit. June 23, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Sinclair Kelly, High School Student, Harpeth Hall School. Design and Production. Assist in the production and main- tenance of gallery areas and displays as well as in the production and installation of graphics for the National Portrait Gallery's permanent collection and for special exhibitions. January 5, 1997 through January 24, 1997. David Y. Kim, Bachelor’s Candidate, Amherst College. Peale Family Papers. Conducting biographical research on various sitters painted by the Peale Family, as well as assisting with the publication of the Peale Family Papers, a compilation of the letters of C.W. Peale et al., which is now in its 6th volume. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Nora E. Langhirt, Bachelor’s Degree, Franklin and Marshall College. Education. Assist public program director in producing Cultures in Motion programs and film series. July 21, 1997 through September 30, 1997. Anne Leonard, Bachelor’s Degree, Yale University. Painting and Sculpture. Researching NPG’s collection of portrait sculpture by Jo Davidson, and assist with general curatorial research. July 7, 1997 through August I, 1997. Helene Mason, Bachelor’s Candidate, Institut D’Erudes Poli- tiques de Paris. Office of Development. Participating in all aspects of the National Portrait Gallery’s Development including research SCAN training, prospect meetings, and events. October I, 1996 through August 30, 1997. Maura Partrick, Bachelor’s Degree, Savannah College of Art and Design. Public Affairs. Assisting Public Affairs for openings of “Edith Wharton’s World: Portraits of People and Places” and “Matthew Brady's Portraits: History as Photography.” July 1, 1997 through August 15, 1997. Rhia Rae, Bachelor's Candidate, Florida International Univer- sity. Catalog of American Portraits. Conducting biographi- cal research on subjects and artists, cataloging, and incorporating data and images into a national online database. May 19, 1997 through July 31, 1997. Beth Skirkanich, Bachelor's Degree, State University of New York at Purchase. Design and Production. Assist in graphics office with the production of recent acquisitions, Matthew Brady and Edith Wharton exhibitions, including silkscreening processes, computer tasks, and label installa- tion; also gallery “rounds.” June 30, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Shannon Sloan, Bachelor’s Candidate, California State at San Bernadino. Education. Set up a docent training program for the National Portrait Gallery. June 16, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Anna Staton, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Maryland in Baltimore Co. Photographs. Assist curator with programs and publications for upcoming exhibition, “Matthew Brady’s Portraits”; coordinate with the Curator of Educa- tion. May 12, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Catherine Telfair, Graduated, Manchester College. September 8, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Frederick A. Ulrich, Bachelor's Candidate, Union College. Administrative Office. Conducting the biographical research for the Hans Namuth exhibition. June 9, 1997 through August 7, 1997. Laura G. Webb, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Maryland, College Park. Peale Family Papers. Internship in documentary editing and historical research. A comparative study of the autobiography of Charles Willson Peale, and two biographies prepared by his sons. February 3, 1997 through May I5, 1997. Terri Whitlock, Bachelor's Candidate, The School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Photographs. Intern will assist the Assistant Curator of Photographs in researching and cataloging a recently acquired collection of photographs, as well as helping in the rearrangement of a portion of the Gallery's photographic storage. June 9, 1997 through August I, 1997. National Postal Museum Kristin Clark, Bachelor’s Degree, Hope College. Collections. Assist the loan coordinator with processing incoming and ourgoing materials, producing reports and packing and un- packing objects, participate in exhibit preparation, installa- tions, and take down of exhibitions. August 25, 1997 through December 8, 1997. Siobhan Creem, Bachelor’s Degree, Utah State University. Col- lections Management. Assist the registrar and the conserva- tion office in coordinating and preparing objects to be sent to the “World Philatelic Exhibition Pacific '97,” in San Francisco, May 29, 1997. January 27, 1997 through Septem- ber I, 1997. Elizabeth Duncan, Bachelor's Degree, University of Wiscon- sin at Madison. Public Affairs. Updating all press materials in the museum's media kit, updating and writing new cap- tions for publicity photographs, writing a press release and a public service announcement for radio for an up-coming public program, assembling several hundred new media kits, and responding to letters of inquiry and to phone in- quiries as needed; assisting with upcoming special events and fund-raising projects. January 21, 1997 through March 13, 1997- Christine Kreger, Junior, Lewis and Clark College. To become familiar with various aspects of collections management, assist with cataloging, installation, etc. September 9, 1997 through December 4, 1997. Janalyn Moss, Master's Candidate, University of Illinois at Springfield. Collections Management. Become familiar with various aspects of Collections Management, assist the Registration Specialist with cataloging, inventory, account- ability, and data entry projects. Participate in exhibition preparation, installation, and take down. Inventory: Inter- nal Revenue stamps, U.S. plate proofs, archival material; data entry: Revenue stamps, plate proofs; cataloging: philatelic material, discreet collections in albums, postal history material. May 19, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Patricia Reidy, Bachelor’s Degree, Providence College. Educa- tion Department. Conduct tours for elementary and high school students. Assist in the management of all facets of the upcoming public program “Stamp-Ability”—including providing assistance to guest lecturers, creating at least one educational stamp activity worksheet to be used by visitors at the event, and registering and mounting student stamp collections. Assist with the Graceful Envelope Contest, 1997. March 3, 1997 through April 27, 1997. Catherine Roan, High School Graduate, Winston Churchill High School. Education. Provide tours for elementary and high school students. Conduct research on and survey student tour programs in other museums in Washington, D.C. Suggest improvements to National Postal Museum. June 18, 1997 through July 25, 1997. National Zoological Park Patricia S. Chen, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Texas at Austin. Graphics/Photography. Aid the zoo photographer in photography and cataloging of photos. May 19, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Sara Childs, Cornell University. Animal Health. Animal Health Intern with a project in cardiac disease in great apes. May 30, 1997 through August I7, 1997. Kachy Chu, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. DZR-Nutrition. Sodium Appetite in Desert Tortoises. June 3, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Elaine Franklin, Bachelor’s Candidate, Virginia Tech. Depart- ment of Mammals. Design and implement visitor surveys at the Great Ape House and Think Tank, update fact sheets on pygmy marmosets and black-and-white colonies monkeys, work as zoo keeper and interpreter in the Great Ape House. May 21, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Alejandro Garcia, DVM Candidate, Michigan State Univer- sity, College of Veterinary Medicine. Pathology. Training in the veterinary pathology of animals in the zoo collection, individual case reports, and necropsy work. Special projects in certain areas such as iron accumulation in livers of north- ern fur seals. May 14, 1997 through August I5, 1997. George R. Lejano, Bachelor's Degree, The George Washington University. Electronic Communication. Electronic Communication: Internet, HTML coding for Web designing, Multimedia applications such as Director 5 and 6, Premiere 4.2, Infini—D 3.0. August 20, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Bilenda P. Madison, 3rd Year, Tuskegee University School of Veterinary Medicine. Animal Health. Assistance in animal health procedures such as physical exams and radiology; 137 research, special projects in medicine canesthesidogy. May 26, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Maria Nemethy, Bachelor's Candidate, Harvard University. Zoological Research. Compositional analysis of primate milks using atomic absorption spectroscopy. June 2, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Sira Palerm, Bachelor's Degree, University of California at Santa Barbara. Biology-Animal Behavior. Study golden lion tamarin behavior. October 1, 1996 through December 31, 1996. Jill Prewitt, Bachelor's Candidate, University of New Hampshire. Team B-GLT. Exhibit Interpretation/Hus- bandry. Feeding and maintenance of the golden lion tamarin conservation program. Writing weekly updates of golden lion tamarin behavior. May 15, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Mischa Schuler, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Virginia. Horticulture. Working on water purification research using wetland plants for an aquatics exhibit opening in 1999. Also working on educational supplements to the exhibit. May 28, 1997 through July Is, 1997. Michelle Smith, Bachelor's Degree, Utah State University. Mammals. Working with the golden lion tamarin reintroduction program. August I, 1997 through October 31, 1997. Office of the Secretary/Community Affairs Jacqueline Alvarez, Northeastern Illinois University. Office of the Secretary/Community Affairs. July 1, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Office of Exhibits Central Melanie A. Adcock, Bachelor’s Candidate, Kansas City Art In- stitute. Inter Departmental Internship. Intern will work in graphics, fabrication, packing, crating, etc., rotating around all areas of OEC. Intern will keep a journal of ex- periences and take pictures for presentations at the Kansas City Art Institute. May 17, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Matthew Brady, Master’s Candidate, George Mason Univer- sity. Production. Exhibit production and fabrication. July 14, 1997 through July 14, 1997. David W. Douglas, Rochester Institute of Technology. Graphics. Ongoing production work in the graphics area of Exhibits Central. April 28, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Daria Gasparini, Bachelor's Degree, College of William and Mary. Central OEC Administration. Helping to coordinate OEC projects, maintain calendars, organize schedule, develop time tables based on projections. June 9, 1997 through September I, 1997. Elizabeth Glover, Bachelor's Candidate, Corcoran School of Art. Graphics. Doing graphic design for exhibits and publi- cations. June I3, 1997 through August Is, 1997. 138 Lisa J. Hooper, Bachelor's Candidate, Shephard College. Finishing. Working in the finishing department with a spe- cial focus on displaying finishes and exhibition installation preparation. May 19, 1997 through August 20, 1997. Marcial D. Huaman, Wilson High School. Exhibit Design. To learn about exhibit design. May 28, 1997 through August 27, 1997. Elizabeth Hunter, Master's Candidate, George Washington University. Design. June 30, 1997 through December 31, 1997. Wesley D. Kirk, Bachelor’s Candidate, Howard University. Graphics. Assisting with Graphics for display production. March 5, 1997 through May 30, 1997. Wesley D. Kirk, Bachelor's Degree, Howard University. Model Shop. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Jennifer Luong, Bachelor's Candidate, University of California at Berkeley. Exhibits Central. Assisting in various depart- ments of the OEC, such as Modelmaking, Fabrication, Design, Graphics. May 28, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Amelie Pierron, Bachelor's Candidate, Ecole Carondo (France). Working for the Model Shop. June 23, 1997 through August 16, 1997. Jessica Porter, Bachelor's Degree, University of Delaware. Editorial. Editorial work on exhibitions. October I0, 1996 through December 31, 1996. Denise Poy, Bachelor's Candidate, University of California at Berkeley. Editing/Model Shop. Working on editing in the Model Shop unit. June 2, 1997 through August 12, 1997. Tracie Sam, MA, George Washington University. Intern in the Design Department at the OEC. August 26, 1997 through November 28, 1997. Jared D. Serwer, Princeton University. Exhibition. Design of Exhibition space for Latino Center. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Office of Environmental Management and Safety Tara J. Lewis, Master's Candidate, Southeastern University. Office of Environmental Management and Safety. Assist with data to customize and successfully implement a com- puterized medical records system. Research occupational medical groups involved in the mandated medical programs. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Office of the General Counsel Monique Bona, Law Candidate, George Washington Law School. General Counsel. Intern will be assigned a variety of legal research projects. Intern will draft memorandum for attorneys use. Intern will be exposed to a variety of research skills. January 13, 1997 through April 18, 1997. Francis B. Connel, Bachelor’s Degree, Howard University/ Georgetown. Assist attorneys on a wide variety of legal issues; work on clerical paralegal skills such as filing, databases, and research. July 14, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Nancy D’Erasmo, Bachelor's Degree, University of Maryland. Assist attorneys on a wide variety of legal issues; work on clerical paralegal skills such as filing, databases, and research. July 14, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Heather Gottry, Graduate, Georgetown University Law Center. Draft legal memorandum for attorneys on a wide variety of legal issues. September 24, 1997 through December 31, 1997. Susan E. Lake, Bachelor’s Candidate, Catawba College. Library. Physically organize OGC’s law library’s collection with appropriate location map and labels, list of holdings produced in electronic format, and system put in place to charge books out to the users. May 19, 1997 through August 27, 1997. Office of Human Resources Dawn Dhavale, Bachelor’s Degree, Clark University. Systems Branch. Inventory of current OHR forms and assisting in Web page development. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997- Hugo E. Naranjo, MBA Degree, Strayer College. Human Resources. Activities with organizations and individuals to help in locating Latino candidates; to outreach to the Spanish community. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Office of Imaging, Printing, and Photographic Services Marion-Fairlie S. Benson, Bachelor's Candidate, New York University. Photo Services/Natural History. Scanning nega- tives and positives for publication on the Web for other uses. FTP transfers to customers. April 20, 1997 through July 31, 1997. Gregory W. Elder, Photography. Working with staff photog- raphers in a range of studio-oriented photography of artifacts in the Smithsonian collection to photographing cultural festivals sponsored by the museum. May 30, 1997 through July 30, 1997. Heidi E. Fancher, Maryland College of Art and Design. Web design. Working on the Web database, identifying images without OIPP negative numbers. Working in photoshop, scanning images for the Web or printing on dye sub printer. June 2, 1997 through August 19, 1997. Wei Lin, The American University. Electronic Imaging. Scan- ning HTML for the Web. Doing OIPP work orders in im- aging branch. Scanned 35mm and 4x5-inch negatives for digital use. Did FTP transfers. February 1, 1997 through May 1, 1997. Rebecca Schork, Bachelor's Candidate, Rochester Institute of Technology. Imaging. Assistant to Chief of the Image and Technology Service. Scanning of 35G 4x5 images on Mac computers for printing and digital use. June 9, 1997 through August 4, 1997. Kristina Stephens, Bachelor’s Candidate, The George Washington University. Photography. Performing a variety of photographic assignments, improving the knowledge of developing techniques for black-and-white film. February 3, 1997 through June 30, 1997. Melanie Watrous, Bachelor’s Candidate, Columbia College. Printing and Photographic Services. Photo Imaging Assis- tant. Assisted Chief of Images and Technical Services with scanning 35mm and 4X5 inch film for printing and publish- ing on the Web. October 30, 1996 through January 31, 1997. Office of Information Technology Jeffrey E. Carter, Master’s/Bachelor’s Degree, Mary Washington College and George Mason University. SIRIS Branch. Developing a core list of archival collections management requirements. Conducting a market survey of archival software systems. Writing a report that sum- marizes the strengths and weaknesses of those systems. April 28, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Charles Hyatt, Bachelor’s Candidate, Lincoln University. Net- work. Working with the group rolling out Novell and GroupWise to understand the intricacies of networking. Spend time with different divisions of the Network Group to help develop a fuller understanding of the inter-related- ness of the physical plant, software, data, and communica- tions issues. Develop a report on the management of wide area networks. May 5, 1997 through August 15, 1997. Noel Williams, Bachelor's Candidate, Sinclair Community College. Communications. Building, testing, installing, and labeling CAT 5 cable; installing fiber optic jumpers and documentation of WAN hardware and cabling; con- structing database information; and assisting with day-to- day operation of WAN. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Office of Membership and Development Abbigale Bricker, Bachelor's Candidate, James Madison University. Updated and enhanced the OMD home page on the Smithsonian website. June 16, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Elrette Coulter, MBA, George Washington University. Assist- ing with activities of the Women’s Committee, updating database of Women’s Committee records, and working with committee members on special projects. September 11, 1996 through May 30, 1997. Lizanna Dusatko, Bachelor’s Degree, Ohio University. Con- tributing Membership. Produced high-quality resource manuals for the Contributing Members’ Lounge. January 8, 1997 through March 28, 1997. Kazuharu Ishida, Master's Degree, Keio University, School of Media and Government. Contributing Membership. Making office procedures manual, researched home pages on the Internet relating to membership, generated market- ing ideas, analyzed needs in international membership. March 17, 1997 through June 1, 1997. 139 Nadine Kim. Administrative preparation and event follow-up necessary in maintaining a philanthropic constituent and membership program. December 3, 1996 through January 31, 1997. Erica M. Rau, Bachelor’s Candidate, St. Mary’s College of Maryland. Women’s Committee. Managing mailing list for Craft Show applications. Proofreading SWC address book. Creating databases of corporate donors. June 9, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Jennifer Reber, Bachelor's Candidate, The American Univer- sity. Information Services. Becoming familiar with reference material and periodicals in the Central Research library, in order co assist with its maintenance act as a helpful contact, conduct orientation tours, evaluate current references. October 16, 1996 through December I2, 1996. Betsy Rosenblum, Graduate, George Washington University. OMD. Assisting with activities of the Women’s Commit- tee, updating database of Women’s Committee records, and working with committee members on special projects. September Jo, 1996 through May 30, 1997. Tanja D. Stich, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Akron. Development. Transferred annual report and AAA “Silent Screening” information to a database. Researched top 100 foundations and add to database. June 16, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Office of Public Affairs Dale Hershman, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Virginia. Public Affairs. June 17, 1997 through August 9, 1997. Eden I. Miller, Rutgers College of Rutgers University. Folklife Festival. Work with the press to inform them about the 1997 Festival of American Folklife and aid them on the days of the festival. June 2, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Michelle L. Murray, Bachelor's Candidate, Towson State University. Public Affairs. Worked with film crews, han- dling logistics and escorting them. Updated media lists, did research, and worked at the press cent for the Folklife Festival. June 2, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Rae Russell, Master's Candidate, Oklahoma Srate University. Public Affairs. Updating OPA’s current mailing list of 5,500 names of universities, libraries, and others. June 9, 1997 through August 7, 1997. Office of Physical Plant—Architectural History and Historic Preservation Melissa Draper, Bachelor's Candidate, Dartmouth College. Architectural History and Historic Preservation. Serving as an exhibition assistant for a exhibition on Samuel Pierpont Langley, third secretary of the Smithsonian; conducting original research on John Flanigan, sculptor of a bas-relief of Lanley, and compiling information for the exhibit. March 31, 1997 through June 6, 1997. 140 Fabian Goncalves-Borrega, Castle Collection Restoration Lab. Making detailed conservation reports of all object treat- ments for the collection record. Assist the Keeper of the Castle collection in any special projects that may prove educational. March 4, 1997 through October 1, 1997. Pernilla Holmes, BFA, Concordia University. Research on the history of early-r9th-century buildings on the grounds of the National Zoological Park. Marc R. Perrotta, Architectural History. To conduct Primary Research on design theories of museums during the period 1850 through 1900, focusing on British and American ex- amples. Compiling data from various archives and libraries. Reviewed the general store of knowledge, created a bibliog- raphy, and wrote a research paper summarizing findings. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Patrick Poisson, Architectural History and Historic Preserva- tion. Project defining the meaning and definition of crafts in relation to museums during the period of 1850 through 1900. June 1, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Lara Pomernacki, Senior, Smith College. Research the Holt House on the grounds of the National Zoo as requested. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Office of Physical Plant—Horticultural Services Division Aislinn M. Adams, Second Year Student, National Botanical Gardens, Dublin, Ireland. Working with all aspects of col- lection management of the orchid collection. Work with cultivation, identification, recording growth and flowering habit, labeling, verifying nomenclature, inventory, and label preparation. January 20, 1997 through April 1, 1997. Ashley D. Brown, Master's Candidate, Parsons School of Design/Cooper-Hewitt. Updating accession cards and files. Completing a physical inventory of the pieces, describing and documenting the artifacts, and photographing and labeling objects as needed. November 25, 1996 through January 31, 1997. James M. Carson, Bachelor's Degree, Stockton State College. Work with the integrated pest management program, studying and analyzing insects, diseases, nematodes and physiological problems on garden plants, and work with garden management techniques. May 19, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Colleen M. Graves, Bachelor’s Candidate, Virginia Polytech- nic Institute and State University. Work with the main- tenance and educational programs for the Mary L. Ripley Garden. This will include planting, watering, fertilizing, and pest control for annuals, perennials, bulbs, and herbs. Responsible for similar care for the trees and shrubs in the garden and may also involve some pruning of these plants. Will also answer public inquiries and give tours to visitors. June 9, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Lisa Griffin, Bachelor’s Candidate, Oregon State University. Work with the Bromeliad Collection and with the tropical plant program; water, fertilize, groom, plant, and group the Bromeliad Collection. In addition, learn and apply plant collection management techniques by identifying, labeling, recording, and accessioning specimens. June 23, 1997 through September 12, 1997. Kirsten B. Larsen, Master’s Candidate, Colorado State Univer- sity. Work in the Butterfly Garden, maintaining proper conditions for the plant/butterfly habitats; observe the seasonal changes in butterfly populations, and their life in the habirars. With the approval of funding, plans for development of an educational center will begin during this time. Intern will assist with these plans. June 2, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Francie Schroeder, Bachelor's Candidate, George Washington University. Cataloging the Garden Club of America Collec- tion of 35mm slides into the AAG collection. Refining the guidelines being used for evaluation of 35mm slides of gar- dens and landscapes. January 6, 1997 through March 28, 1997- Kathryn Swain, New York Botanical Garden, School of Profes- sional Horticulture. Maintenance of Enid A. Haupt Gar- den. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Matthew S. Vinten, Bachelor’s Candidate, Ball Stace Univer- sity. Assist the Landscape Architect in working with plans of the museum grounds; to include verifying plants on the site, preparing drawings to accurately represent the landscape, reviewing and evaluating construction drawings for HSD involvement, and some design of landscape areas affected by construction. May 19, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Molly E. Waters, Bachelor’s Candidate, Utah State University. Work with the horticulturists and gardeners in maintain- ing the Enid A. Haupt Garden. This includes watering, weeding, fertilizing, identifying and controlling pests, and grooming annuals, perennials, shrubs, and mixed plants in urns and baskets. Cultivating roses, formal parterres, and tropical plants in an outdoor setting. June 30, 1997 through September 19, 1997. Office of the Smithsonian Institution Archives Somer L. Cross, Bachelor’s Candidate, Hollins College. Joseph Henry Papers. Researching Joseph Henry and his life and times. This includes newspaper research and work at the Library of Congress. January 6, 1997 through January 31, 1997. Suzanne J. Erera, Bachelor’s Candidate, Princeton University. Assisted in processing the archives record unit 321, some 90 cubic feet of historical records documenting the interna- tional exchange of art exhibitions and events from 1965 to 1981 coordinated by the NMAA'ss office of program support. Helped to arrange and preserve the records and to create a guide for researchers. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Laura Garrett, BA, University of California—Davis. To com- pile a finding aid and database on Latin American holdings in the SI Archives. September I5, 1997 through November 7, 1997. Alyssa D. Pease, Bachelor's Degree, University of Maryland at College Park. Detailed preservation assessments of OSIA collections, implemented environmental monitoring, iden- tified and removed mold from several collections, rehoused select collections. June 2, 1997 through September 26, 1997. Patricia J. Rettig, Master’s Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. Preservation. Surveying the archival collec- tions in order to assess preservation problems and needs for the writing of a preservation plan. May 19, 1997 through July 25, 1997. Jenny Rozen, Master’s Candidate, The George Washington University. National Collections Program. Assisting in the revision of the Smithsonian Directive 600 by compiling all associated forms regarding collections management. Con- ducting onsite interviews with collections management staff regarding procedural implementation and created draft format of procedures manual. May 12, 1997 through December 30, 1997. Christa Savino, Bachelor’s Degree, Johns Hopkins University. Detailed preservation assessments of OSIA collections, implemented environmental monitoring, identified and removed mold from several collections, rehoused select collections. May 27, 1997 through October 17, 1997. Jonathan Seitz, Bachelor’s Degree, University of Wisconsin at Madison. Joseph Henry Papers. Conducted a study of the relationship between Joseph Henry’s teaching and research. Gave technical assistance for the Henry Papers website. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Charlotte Scarm, Senior, Smith College. A Smithsonian Family Album September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Office of Sponsored Projects Carol Bella, Bachelor’s Candidate, Gallaudet University. Account- ing. Assisting in the preparation of invoices. Recording bank statements. February 25, 1997 through May Is, 1997. Kate Fritzsche, Bachelor’s Candidate, Lawrence University. Programs. Review and select funding information to be dis- tributed via the Web, produce and enhance a semiannual OSP publication, assist in setting up all training activities, research and compile all necessary information for OSP’s Web page. June 16, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Stephen Goldsmith, Bachelor’s Candidate, The George Washington University. Assisting in the preparation of invoices. Reconciling bank statements. Preparing recon- ciliation worksheets for various contracts. Assisting in the process of invoice payments. March Io, 1997 through July 10, 1997. Elizabeth Gruse, Bachelor's Candidate, Lycoming College. May 12, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Babette Hoffman, Bachelor’s Candidate, Barnard College/ Columbia University. May 27, 1997 through August II, 1997. Cecilia Thu Nguyen, Bachelor's Degree, University of Maryland at College Park. Assisting in the update of the grants management database. Preparing reconciliation worksheets and assisting in the processing of invoices. May 13, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Salome Nnanga, Bachelor’s Candidate, Trinity College. June 16, 1997 through July 31, 1997. Keron Stradford, Bachelor’s Degree, Kean College. Grants. Writing grants for the Smithsonian Institution. June 2, 1997 through September 30, 1997. Micah Wasserman, Bachelor's Candidate, George Mason University. Financial. Assisting in “closing out” funds, reconciling accounts, helping prepare financial reports, assisting in determining if a refund to the sponsor is necessary, assisting in confirming that subcontracts have been closed, and documenting reports. May 20, 1997 through August 7, 1997. Product Development and Product Licensing Michelle S. Blum, Bachelor's Candidate, University of the Pacific. Resource Room. Working in the resource room. As- sisting with developing products, researching. June 5, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Hilary Gottschalk, Master's Candidate, San Francisco State University. Marketing. Researching and developing a marketing brochure that will include information on licen- see history and advertising for purposes of distribution to potential licensees. January 15, 1997 through April I, 1997. Linnea M. Grim, Bachelor’s Candidate, The College of Wil- liam and Mary. Licensing. To assist product managers with coordination of licenses, including, but not limited to, research, administrative duties, generating and labeling photography, updating product sheets and royal charts, and meeting with curators and licensers. May 19, 1997 through August I, 1997. Katrina McLoughlin, Bachelor’s Candidate, Dublin City University. Calendar. Research for Smithsonian engagement calendar, licensing opportunities, and marketing opportunities. June 18, 1997 through August 6, 1997. Jenny H.C. Palmer, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of St. Andrews. June 23, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Lauren Parkhill, Senior, University of California—Santa Cruz. September 16, 1997 through December 5, 1997. Smithsonian Magazine Lesley C. Hallman, Bachelor’s Candidate, The George Washington University. Smithsonian magazine internship through the American Society of Magazine Editors. May 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. 142 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory James R. Chisholm, Bachelor’s Candidate, Northwestern University. HEAD. ROSAI HRI Study of the Pleiades Star Cluster. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Rebecca J. Danos, Bachelor’s Candidate, Wellesley College. Astrophysics. Studying the effects of supernova heating on the properties of clusters of galaxies. The project will in- volve controlled experiments with ab initio numerical simulations of cluster formation. The goal will be to under- stand how the lent input from supernova affects the evolu- tion of the gas. These can be used to have inferences about the matter density of the universe and will provide a quan- titative model to interpret the recently measured evolution of the cluster luminosity function. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Michael Dorris, Bachelor's Candidate, Vanderbilt University. HEA. Look into correlation between photometrically deter- mined luminositities of galaxies in distant (Z~o.5) clusters and redshift in order to better investigate galaxy cluster evolution and cosmological implications. June 8, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Lynne M. Raschke, Bachelor's Candidate, Haverford College. High-Energy Astrophysics. Investigating the long-term variability of “normal” giant stars. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Brian Rebel, Bachelor's Candidate, Grinnell College. High Energy. Cepheid Distance to M31. Determination of the distance to the galaxy M31 using the Cepheid period luminosity relation. June 8, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Erik Rosolowsky, Bachelor's Candidate, Swarthmore College. Geo. The project intends to use large-scale spectral-line maps of the ISM to study gas motion in star forming regions. These maps will be analyzed by gradient-fitcing and correlation programs and the results compared to exist- ing data from computer simulations. June 8, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Alicia M. Soderberg, Bachelor’s Candidate, Bates College. High Energy. Participated in gathering data and executed subsequent measurements of supernovae brightness and colors. Data reduction and analysis led to the creation of new points on the Hubble diagram. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Jesse J. Southwick, Bachelor's Candidate, US. High Ener- gy. Investigation of the fabrication and performance of new multilayer coatings that should allow reflection of X-rays up to 100keV. June 9, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Jason Wright, Bachelor's Candidate, Boston University. High Energy. Studying images from the X-ray satellite ASCA of the supernova remnant G299.9—2.9. From these data, determining if G299 is a center-filled remnant and study its shrotne. June 9, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Smithsonian Early Enrichment Center Kathleen Y. Chen, High School Student, Walter Johnsen High School. Assisting in planning, teaching, and super- vising children (4-5); education. June 30, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Diane Holloway. Relationship between the early years’ education and museum use. Programming for SEEC for November and December criteria for use both for SEEC and home Museum. October 8, 1996 through December 17, 1996. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Aisha Almond, Bachelor's Candidate, Coppin State College. Education. Coordinating and designing a teacher’s manual for an educational activity on blue crabs. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Micah O. Almond, Bachelor's Candidate, Virginia Polytech- nic and State University. Forest Canopy. Study of the footprint of turbulent fluxes and winds measured at a single point within the forest canopy. June 16, 1997 through August Is, 1997. Stacey Bealmear, Second Year, Anne Arundel Community College. Carbon Dioxide Lab. A study of the effects of rising atmospheric CO, concentrations on the native vegeta- tion in a Chesapeake Bay wetland ecosystem. May 22, 1997 through August 20, 1997. Courtenay H. Brown, High School Graduate, University of Virginia. CO, Lab. Compiling and analyzing data from the CO, enrichment experiments on the Rhode River Water- shed and at the Kennedy Space Center. June 2, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Anita S. Chapa, Bachelor's Degree, University of Texas, Austin. Upland Plant Ecology. Preliminary studies on the effects of artificial defoliation of three woodland herbaceous species. February 24, 1997 through May 31, 1997. Saharah Moon Chapotin, Bachelor's Degree, Stanford. Study the effect of springtime ultraviolet radiation on May apple plants. January 20, 1997 through May 23, 1997. Samantha P. Cotton, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Maryland. Education. Coordinating, with another in- tern, and designing a teachers manual for an educational activity on blue crabs. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Michelle L. Daley, Bachelor’s Degree, University of New Hampshire. Wetlands. Examining wetland affects on nutrient and pesticide concentrations from agricultural runoff. June 9, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Suzanne Graham, Bachelor’s Candidate, San Diego State University. Study of the invasion and impact of nonin- digenous marine species associated with powerplants of the Chesapeake Bay. May 28, 1997 through September 2, 1997. David Grass, Junior, Middlebury College. Study of the chan- ges in the chemical composition of water as it passes into and out of a forest ecosystem. September 8, 1997 through December 12, 1997. Kristin Harderode, Education. Worked on an education exhibit about blue crabs and oysters. Assisted with K-6 environmental programs. March 3, 1997 through June 13, 1997. Megan Kelly, Bachelor's Candidate, University of South Carolina. Research. Effect of parasitism on the photoactic response of the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium sanguineum. May 12, 1997 through July 18, 1997. Matthew O. Nicklin, Bachelor's Degree. Research. A study of the effects of disturbances on nonindigenous species of a Chesapeake Bay community. June 16, 1997 through September 16, 1997. Wendi W. Olson, Bachelor's Degree, Gallaudet University. Education/Chemistry. Volunteer—Prepared the solution for experiment, collect water sample. March 25, 1997 through June 1, 1997. Sara E. Osborn, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Pennsyl- vania. Crab Lab. Study the effects of alternative prey species on predation rates of Chesapeake blue crabs. May 19, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Mary E. Russ, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Maryland. Forest Canopy Lab. Measurement of outer canopy com- plexity with helicopter-borne laser altimetry. May 27, 1997 through August I5, 1997. Danielle Sanchez, Bachelor’s Candidate, Texas A&M. Predaror- prey relationships in an estuary environment: effects of estuary leeches upon the vulnerability of grass shrimp to predation by fish. May 26, 1997 through August 28, 1997. Paige P. Shelby, Bachelor’s Candidate, Dartmouth College. Research. A research study examining differences in nutrient cycling and allocation patterns (carbon and nitrogen) on a bilayer evergreen/deciduous canopy in Maryland. June 23, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Naomi Skoglund, Bachelor’s Candidate, Hampshire College. Wetlands. Studying nutrient uptake in a constructed wet- land on the Eastern Shore. February 24, 1997 through May 31, 1997. Masae Ueno, Master’s Degree, Utah State University. Educa- tion. Constructed Native American structures along the Java History Trail. Developed a teachers manual of Native American activities for grades K-6 May 5, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Joan A. West, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Chicago. Canopy Research. Effect of the mode of tree death on the growth and survival of Beech seedlings. June 23, 1997 through August 29, 1997. Felisa L. Wolfe, Bachelor's Candidate, Oberlin College and Conservatory. Host-parasite interactions: early development of the parasitic dinoflagellate Amoebophrya ceratii. May 26, 1997 through August 29, 1997. 143 Smithsonian Institution Libraries Rachel Bien, Master’s Candidate, University of Maryland at College Park. Preservation. Intern in the Preservation Ser- vices Department. January 21, 1997 through May 31, 1997. Visan Marcela Doina, Master’s Degree, University “Babes- Bolya” Lluj -Ro. Catalog Department. Overview of the Library. Cataloging SIL materials and reviewing cataloging methods and tools. March 31, 1997 through May 23, 1997. Dagmar Kahler, FHH, FB Bibliothek und Information. NMNH Branch. Assisting in the daily routines of the ver- tebrate and invertebrate library collections. Working under the directory of two senior librarians. Working on special collections management projects. Becoming acquainted several major non-Smithsonian research libraries. April 1, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Julie Moring Bigbee, Master's Degree, University of Oklahoma/ Library Science. Anthropology Libraries. Cataloging BAE/Library items at the Anthropology Library and preserving and caring of archival items in the library's collection. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Kaitlin Shinnick, Smith College. Research on the life and work of Edward Curtis. September 2, 1997 through December 19, 1997. Jennifer J. Snyder, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Wis- consin at Eau Claire. Museum Reference Center. Updating of bibliographies and subject files. Routine library work as needed. June 20, 1997 through August 22, 1997. Smithsonian Institution Press and Productions Sarah Fan, Amherst College. Acquisitions. Various research projects on upcoming books. June 23, 1997 through August 22, 1997. David Konschnik, Bachelor's Candidate, Columbia Univer- sity. Productions. Logging and dubbing videos, learning to use editing equipment, and production process. May 19, 1997 through September I, 1997. Smithsonian Institution Retail Cesar M. Bocachica, Bachelor's Candidate, Collegio Mayaguer, UPR. Museum Shops. Spread sheet analysis of marketing for Museum shops. June 2, 1997 through August 8, 1997. Kazuharu Ishida, Master's Degree, Graduate School of Media and Government, Keio University. Mail Order Division. Review and prepare analysis of nonprofit direct mail busi- ness. Study customers. January 21, 1997 through March 29, 1997. Smithsonian Office of Education Patricia M. Brunetto, Bachelor's Degree, University of Albany at New York. Summer Seminars. An external evaluator for 144 selected courses in the summer seminars for teachers. June- 16, 1997 through August 9, 1997. Karen Buchholz, Bachelor's Candidate, Marburg University/ Bridgewater College. Serve as a team member on a variety of tasks that will draw upon the intern’s interest in educa- tion, particularly in adult education. Plan seminar courses for teachers, prepare a survey to gather dara about teacher's needs, plan a mini-exhibition for a museum school. February 3, 1997 through February 28, 1997. Betsy Burr, Western Washington University. Wider Audience Development Program. Assisting with the “Teachers Night at the Smithsonian.” June 23, 1997 through September 12, 1997. S. Sita Gyan-Gorski, Master's Degree, University of Western Florida. Education. Helping to develop materials to bridge Smithsonian Office of Education and the Museum Magnet School, and collaborate on museum-based project that involves community resources, parental involvement, and student-directed learnings. April 1, 1997 through August 31, 1997. Jessica Wright, Bachelor’s Candidate, College of William and Mary. School Partnership. Assisting in the research and design of discovery boxes for the Smithsonian Office of Education in partnership with the Brent Museum Magnet Elementary School. June 10, 1997 through August 5, 1997. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Ariadne Angulo, Ph.D. Candidate, University of Toronto. Work on Tungara project with Drs. Stanley Rand and Mike Ryan. May 15, 1997 through July 15, 1997. Daniel Colon, BA, Harvard University. Smith-INRENARE- USAID. Study on forest usage by different ethnic groups in the watershed of the Canal, with a special emphasis on the usage of medicinal plants. June 23, 1997 through August 20, 1997. Liliana Ferrari, Licenciada, Fundacion Miguel Lillo. Work on “Tungara Frogs” project with Stanley Rand and Mike Ryan. May Is, 1997 through July 15, 1997. Maribel Gonzalez Torres. DNA variation on highland and lowland avian species complexes: two Panamanian case studies. November 8, 1997 through November 8, 1998. Sasha Silver, Bachelor's Degree, Princeton University. Fellow- ship. October 1, 1996 through September 30, 1997. Anjali Deshmukh, High School Graduate. Smithsonian Study Tours. July 7, 1997 through August 22, 1997. The Smithsonian Associates Elizabeth Garvey, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Michigan. Coordinating the Young Benefactors’ Annual meeting and Gala and Silent Auction. June 2, 1997 through August 9, 1997. Charles Mastropietro, Bachelor’s Candidate, Ringling School of Art and Design. Film Programming. Programming the Animation/Film Studies series. Working on the Photog- raphy and Discovery Theater areas for The Associate. May 5, 1997 through July 5, 1997. Catherine Roan, High School Graduate, Winston Churchill High School. Database work. June 18, 1997 through July 25, 1997- Jon Sandstrom, Bachelor’s Candidate, University of Virginia. Travel tours and programs. Development of programs, projects for the winter and spring tours for the team of Binney Levine at TSA programming. June 5, 1997 through July 18, 1997. Lynly Schroeder, Bachelor’s Degree, The College of William and Mary. Smithsonian Study Tours. Provide support to Research Associates Research Associates status is conferred by the Directors of Museums, Re- U.S. and Canada Study Tours through phone calls to con- firm sites, meals, vendors’ editing catalogue copy, and tour bul- letins; research for tour destinations and photos to be used in catalog; typing purchase orders; preparing staff representative notebooks; ordering books from publishers; revising itineraries; etc. June 2, 1997 through September 5, 1997. Elizabeth Stranges, Bachelor's Candidate, University of Maryland. Young Associates. Oversight for the daily opera- tion of the Smithsonian Summer Camp for students ages 4— 13, including the coordinating of forms, youth teacher assistants schedules, off-site field trips, and speakers, as well as supervising the campers during lunch and drop-off/pick- up. June 16, 1997 through August 15, 1997. National Museum of Natural History search Institutes, and Offices on individuals from outside the Institution who are conducting ongoing research in which the Smithsonian has collec- tions or expertise. Research Associates are granted access to the Institution’s facilities and reference resources and often consult or collaborate with Smith- sonian researchers. Most appointments of Research Associates are for a dura- tion of three years and are renewable. The following is a list of individuals who held the title of Research Associate during fiscal year 1997. Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies Museum Dr. John R. Breihan Me KenacchiBilby Dr. Tsevi Mazeh Dr. Vladimir Strelnitski Conservation Analytical Laborato fe African Art Ms. Jacqueline S. Olin Dr. Labelle Prussin Freer Gallery of Art/ Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Dr. Esin Atil Mr. W. Thomas Chase National Air and Space National Museum of National Museum of American Art Department of Anthropology Dr. Tamara L. Bray Dr. Alison S. Brooks Mr. Roger H. Colten Dr. Anita G. Cook Dr. Karen Marie Dohm Dr. Jean-Paul Dumont Dr. Gillian Feeley-Harnik Dr. Ann Fienup-Riordan Dr. Catherine S. Fowler Dr. George C. Frison Dr. Joan M. Gero Dr. James Lowell Gibbs, Jr. Dr. Diane Patrice Gifford-Gonzalez Dr. James B. Griffin Mr. Norman Hallendy Dr. Kris L. Hardin Dr. Catherine A. Hawks Dr. Charlene James-Duguid Dr. Richard T. Koritzer Mr. Edgardo Krebs Dr. Joel C. Kuipers Dr. H. Leedom Lefferts Dr. Bonnie S. Magnes-Gardiner Dr. Sally McLendon Dr. Betty J. Meggers Dr. Margareta Musilova Dr. Christopher Nagle Dr. Bruce D. Ragsdale Dr. Robert G. Schmidt Dr. Douglas Siegel-Causey Dr. Kenyan G. Tomaselli Dr. John W. Verano Ms. Elisabeth West Fitzhugh Mrs. Mary S. Slusser Dr. Wanda M. Corn Dr. Charles C. Eldredge Dr. Frederick A. Winter Dr. John E. Yellen 145 Office of Biodiversity Programs Dr. Claude Gascon Department of Botany Dr. Patrick Herendeen Dr. Merideth Anne Lane Dr. Elbert L. Little Dr. Diane S. Littler Dr. Alicia Lourteig Dr. Mark Plotkin Dr. Robert J. Soreng Dr. Basil Stergios Dr. Anna L. Weitzman Department of Entomology Dr. David Adamski Dr. Joachim Adis Dr. David H. Ahrenholz Dr. Annette Aiello Dr. Vitor O. Becker Dr. William E. Bickley Dr. Andrew Van Zandt Brower Mr. Robert C. Busby Dr. Astrid Caldas Mr. Curtis J. Callaghan Dr. Robert W. Carlson Dr. Gabriela Chavarria Dr. Gregory W. Courtney Dr. Eduardo Dominguez Dr. Lance Durden Dr. Robert L. Edwards Dr. Neal L. Evenhuis Mr. John Fales Dr. Douglas C. Ferguson Dr. Adrian B. Forsyth Dr. Amnon Freidberg Dr. Raymond G. Gagne Dr. E. Eric Grissell Dr. Ralph E. Harbach Dr. Michael W. Hastriter Dr. Thomas J. Henry Dr. Ronald W. Hodges Dr. Gustavo Hormiga Dr. George O. Krizek Dr. Gerardo Lamas Dr. Bette Loiselle Dr. Arnold S. Menke Dr. Douglass R. Miller Dr: Scott E. Miller Dr. Charles Mitter Dr. Steve Nakahara Dr. David A. Nickle Dr. Allen L. Norrbom Dr. Paul A. Opler Mr. Enrique G. Ortiz Dr. James Pakaluk Dr. John T. Polhemus Dr. Patricia Gentili Poole Mr. Curtis Sabrosky Dr. Nikolaj Scharff Dr. Michael E. Schauff Dr. Jeffrey W. Shultz Dr. Robert L. Smiley Dr. David R. Smith Dr. M. Alma Solis Dr. Felix A.H. Sperling Dr. Manya B. Stroetzel Dr. F. C. Thompson Dr. Robert Traub Dr. Natalia J. Vandenberg Dr. Richard E. White Dr. Norman E. Woodley Department of Invertebrate Zoology Dr. G. Denton Belk Dr. Barbara Best Dr. Darryl L. Felder Dr. Mark J. Grygier Dr. John R. Holsinger Dr. E. Taisoo Park Mr. Richard E. Petit Dr. Marjorie L. Reaka-Kudla Dr. Janet W. Reid Dr. Edward E. Ruppert Office of Exhibits Prof. Franz Zeithammer Department of Paleobiology Dr. William I. Ausich Dr. Raymond L. Bernor Dr. Annalisa Berta Dr. Robyn Burnham Dr. Zhongyuan Chen Dr. James M. Clark Dr. Stephen J. Culver Dr. John D. Damuth, Jr. Dr. Katherine Sian Davies-Vollum Dr. Daryl P. Domning Dr. J. Thomas Dutro, Jr. Dr. Ralph E. Eshelman Dr. Jerzy Fedorowski Dr. Thomas G. Gibson Dr. Michael D. Gottfried Dr. Rex Alan Hanger Dr. Robert W. Hook Dr. Carol L. Hotton Dr. Nigel Hughes Dr. Scott E. Ishman Dr. Thomas W. Kammer Dr. Carl F. Koch Dr. Christopher G. Maples Dr. Jerry N. McDonald Dr. Herbert W. Meyer Dr. Robert B. Neuman Dr. William A. Oliver, Jr. Dr. Lisa E. Osterman Dr. John Pojeta, Jr. Dr. Louis J. Pribyl, Jr. Dr. Kenneth D. Rose Dr. William J. Sando Dr. Judith Skog Dr. Anthony Socci Dr. I. Gregory Sohn Dr. Hans-Dieter Sues Dr. Kammer W. Thomas Dr. Joshua I. Tracey Dr. James W. Valentine Dr. Andrew G. Warne Dr. David Bruce Weishampel Dr. Frank C. Whitmore Dr. Keddy Yemane Dr. Ellis L. Yochelson Department of Vertebrate Zoology Dr. Ronald Altig Dr. Aaron Matthew Bauer Mr. Bruce M. Beehler Dr. Eleanor D. Brown Dr. John R. Burns Dr. John E. Cadle Dr. Philip J. Clapham Dr. Rafael O. De Sa Dr. C. Kenneth Dodd, Jr. Dr. Andrezej Elzanowski Dr. Louise H. Emmons Dr. Robert Ewan Fordyce Dr. Thomas H. Fritts Dr. Alfred L. Gardner Dr. J. Whitfield Gibbons Dr. David A. Good Dr. Harry J. Grier Dr. Lester A. Hart Dr. Lawrence R. Heaney Dr. Richard Highton Dr. Aleta Hohn Mr. Ivan Ineich Mr. Morton L. Isler Mrs. Phyllis R. Isler Dr. Elisabeth Kalko Dr. Roy K. Kropp Ms. Roxie C. Laybourne Dr. Bradley C. Livezey Dr. Jonathan B. Losos Dr. Linda E. Resnik Maxson Mr. Roy W. McDiarmid Mr. Joseph C. Mitchell Dr. Molly R. Morris Dr. Thomas A. Munroe Dr. Guy G. Musser Dr. Hidetoshi Ora Dr. William Perrin Mr. Gregory K. Pregill Dr. John E. Randall Hon. S. Dillon Ripley, IT Dr. Teresa K. Rowles Dr. Elizabeth Anne Schreiber Dr. Norman J. Scott, Jr. Dr. Jiakun Song Mr. Wayne C. Starnes Dr. David L. Stein Mr. Ian R. Swingland Dr. Merrill Varn Mr. Richard J. Wassersug Mrs. Marilyn J. Weitzman National Zoological Park Biological Programs Dr. Ann P. Beyers Dr. Karen L. Goodrowe Dr. Mary M. Hagedorn Dr. Stephen J. O’Brien Dr. Nancy Cameron Pratt Dr. William F. Rall Dr. Mitchel Schiewe Dr. Samuel K. Wasser Conservation Research Center Dr. Steven R. Beissinger Dr. Joel Berger Dr. Sue A. Ellis Dr. Richard Despard Estes Dr. John Gordon Frazier Dr. Martha S. Fujita Dr. Deborah Caldwell Hahn Dr. Yadvendradev Jhala Dr. William R. Lance Dr. Mary Victoria McDonald Dr. Charles W. McDougal Dr. Jill D. Mellon Dr. Brian Miller Dr. Illar Muul Dr. Terry Phillips Dr. Edward D. Plotka Dr. Jorge Humberto Vega Rivera Dr. Terry Lynn Roth Dr. George Schwede Dr. Bridget Joan Stutchbury Dr. Michael Stuwe Dr. Richard H. Wagner Dr. Per Wegge Dr. Paul J. Weldon Dr. Pan Wenshi Dr. Nadja Wielebnowski Dr. Kevin Winker Department of Zoological Research Dr. John M. Francis Dr. David W. Johnston Department of Herpetology Dr. James B. Murphy Interpretive Programs Dr. Judy M. Manning Office of the Provost Dr. Wilton S. Dillon Office of the Smithsonian Institution Archives Joseph Henry Papers Dr. Albert E. Moyer Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Dr. Alastair Cameron Dr. Alyssa Goodman Dr. Josh Grindlay Dr. Robert Kirshner Dr. Chris Kochanek Dr. Avi Loeb Dr. Jane Luu Dr. Ramesh Narayan Dr. William Press Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Dr. Tomas Arias Dr. Hector Barrios Dr. Mary Alice Coffroth Dr. Laurel Collins Dr. Nicholas Georgiadis Dr. Gregory S. Gilbert Dr. Mahabir Gupta Dr. Roberto Ibanez Dr. Jorge Illueca Dr. Peter Jung Dr. Howard R. Lasker Dr. Steve Mulkey Dr. Diomedes Quintero Dr. Robert E. Ricklefs Dr. Tyson Roberts Dr. Michael Ryan Dr. Hans-Ulrich Schnitzler Dr. Robert F. Stallard Dr. Henry Stockwell Dr. Melvin Tyree 147 THXd ond Onda IHX oyere tsi onda asa OSA ASau aSau Ondd IHXd asda asoding UOISSTUUWUO7) 26/61/8 ogh‘Soe [earasa,y aft] 4] OJ 8661—wiessoig UIsuOdSI AY Jeiuuajuaonbsag ursuodsi AY uLiny ay PHOT UISeG IpurIyH ONY/OAvIG ONY Z6/0£/6 oSS‘h aya ur diysuonyyay aya Sursojdxg suowuosaug 29 ainajn5 SODIINOSIY, IJT]AJOT SLXIT, Jearpey INPA[OT £6/$0/9 000‘Z6 Jearsay ajtyy4Joy 2661—1uauodwoy rajaqq tddississtyq uorsstuuuos sity 1ddississtyy uliny I ]AOT LO/z1/€ oo$Z pearasa,y 41] 4]O7 2661—tuvssosg vapaq tddississi py ‘upy sang pur wy dyyy Apauuayy aI PH]Or uoIss1WWOD LO/IE/I Ooo‘o! My [eLuoNvoNpY aflp4fOI VAoy Jeruuaiuasinbsag eaoy uLInyy JP [O uorssWwW07 L6/91/$ ggZi1e US [LUONVINpPY al]A[OT vVAoy Jeruuajuaanbsag vavoy unny IYNPH[OT Aja1s0g Adoyoorsnyy uvisauopuy £6/60/6 000'tt aud YA UONLIOgKIJOD Y :o1snyy Uvrsauopuy Jo Adojoyjuy uonepunoy psoy Jaiaag 2 PTOT 000'T! (2) TVLO.LANS L6/tzb 000'9 saynoayowo IVY Jur] JO UOBIUJOJsULIT, NauaTeIq, uonepuNo,y adUaIDg JRUOHeNy ssomn], sate) 96/60/71 o0o00's wrisolg Furuivsr py UORAIAsUOZ [VITTFOPOIIIY uONepuUNO, ssoryy ‘H{ pantues Is]oZ UA Tv)d 000‘009 (1) TVLOLANS L6/97/6 000‘009 ssunuirg uvIsy aseq JO samnIoNIIG pur spay ‘UP UOT “A\ Mospuy yovag OSWV 1gg'zho (7Z) TWLO.LANS Z6/Lo/8 Szo‘o£ wuraso1g diysiauiirg JOoyss udioyy/eisoovuy ‘UP WY Uppary eH WV Ayarsog Aivsodwaiuo pur yay 26/$1/1 9$8'909 Jo SanTUNWWOD ULvdHoWYy URyy swap Aj 03 yvadg ‘Quy JUaWMOpU ATT IMOT WV ooS'hiz (1) TVLOLANS VVYV 2 paivr0] suolida]]O9 JeAryoie L6/to/L ooS‘F1z daiya Jo UOINdiadsap pur iuatuaduvsse ayy 30y aioddng weisolg wey Aia5 UOSMLC] VVV aivq pray qunowy apa parry josuods JOIVFISAAUT ayjO/anansuy jedroung swimnasnyy L661 JeaX [esi UI UOTININISUT UPTUOSYITWS ay Ie AATIDY PIeEMY (OVS Sulpnyoxg) vornaasuy UeruOst Ug at) Iv AIANOY pieay ‘aay papnyour you are sivad Jeosyy snoraasd ur papieme A]peursio saa ya $19vIIUOD puL sIULIT FuroFUG °Z66r wad [vost FuLMp snvaang puv saoyjo UONNINSUT ULIUOSYITLUG 0} PapsJVAL 9I9A\ JVI $IIVIIUOD puL sjuvid asoya AyUO Ist] sajqei OMI FUIAMOT][OJ AY J, co + lal sNUdA 2% SIL Jo Furddeypy [vorFoyoay pesidoy, Aupiory advuy Alvjouryg Puorsayy spur ysipy urnuavyy ay jo saskjeuy s1ydsiowoay SPP] MOP] adivyq jo yuawaovydwq aya uo Aydvisodo 7, jo aduanyuy Surjjosquo’y aya jo uonenyprag uray pur gaidne UO PIR PPL] PULA WaydsoIvIg JeqoTH jo sishjeuy snus, Jo asuripen?) prayy ayi Jo uonedsaauy J1F0j0ay, uoniqryxg Ap] ss#ury yy, MOP, aoedg arqiyxq—adalorg aodary saqjnq WSYN (uolsuaaxg saqpnq) Avjdsiq, [rey ity “s'Q (1) TVLOLANS vuryy ur UONPAIASAIg MIOISIFY PUP UONPAIASUOT adINOSAY [VINIVNY <£) TV.LO.LANS satias suordaaq Joy woddng UGTA HL, sataas suonsaiq Joy oddng (7) TV.LOLANS wvi#0ig Jaquay sarpnag ounvy ayy, yxaquo’7 Wunasnyy v UL Yosvasay [vnapNy ounry uo sdiysmoypay sanruvunpy (£) TV.LOLANS WUQiyxX| 100pIN_O Uy UNg ay) JapU_ winasnyy UdIsaq JeuOHUNy uavapf-todooy av diysmoypay $s arsuyy-sasanssy g6—-LO6r Ajay ul udisaq pur sary oNsawoq :awoP] aouvsstvuayy ayy Susung (8) TV.LO.LANS Sallag W99U04) [VOWAYy JOyZURY Ydyey ayy, uonristurlwpy aovdg pur somneuolay [euoleNy uoneistulupy aoedg puv sorinvuolay [euoneN uolvsiistulWUpy aovdg pur soinevuolay Jeuoneyy uolvasturupy aoedg pur ssrinvuolay Jeuoney uonvisiulWpy aovdg pur somneuolay [euoleN uoNvsstuUIW py aoedg pur sorinvuosay [euoneN uonelstulWpy aoedg pur sorinvuolay [vuoneN uonepunoy ayqvaneyy Ayayxg "gq apnsqay ‘upy Aluntuwo’) o8aiqy urs ]PUONeUIOIUT JO} WUNtIOSUO’) SONISIODATUL) UI9ISIA\- PIP uonepuno,y ueuURT uonvpunoy UreuURT uonepunoy sapseq uayy uonepuUNO,y Ja] ]AJaYIOY UONLpUNOY Ja][aJayIOY Assougq jo juauaiedag “Duy ‘UOepuNno $,ANSIY)-JaFaNIY 1919 ‘upg svumpaq ayqary sApry puny nop, yan aASau 26/275 oot'iz ASA Z6/$1/$ PiS'GE aSay LO/E1/E o000'os ASA LO/IE/E ooo‘ ZI asau 96/10/01 bSL'So qSau 96/£0/11 ZEE‘Q IHX LO/LI/¥ oo0o0‘oSt IHX £6/27/8 000‘OI IHX 96/81/11 o000'! ooo0'oL IHX4 ZG6/10/8 ooo0‘oZ 000'S9 IHX L6/F 1/1 000‘07% IHXd LO/¥1/1 000'0t IHX L6/b1/1 000'Sz Sog‘se nda L6/v7/6 000'Sz onda L6/0£/6 Sog‘or o000't9 IHX 96/10/11 000‘07 INGA L6/01/6 o0o00‘ZI IHX4 96/10/01 000'$z g1g‘o6s IHX4d LoypurjZ 00S‘%z asod.ind air pavay junowy OPLL parayry josuodg uewaquy7 WSVN UeUipaquurZ WSVN TPoMxeW WSVN UBUlTSq ut, WSVN UleIsp]oo) WSVN Haqdue5 WSVN uvuudsg WSVN zadoy WSVN uatug WSVN nedy fe) | vazauag OSWH vazauag OSWH RIZIUIg OSWH SuTT SW) SITE SWS SOMO] [AT WANH)D wat WANH) suaa7Z, WANH) Apauusy BMT JOWFNSOAUT aYJO/ANINASUT edroung sunasnyy (p,4409) (OVS Fulpnypox) UoRMINSUT UVFUOSYATWUg aya IV ATTANOY pavary 149 onda 26/30/6 0000s suUPITOIg IAIIg AIUNWWO')/aUAapIsaYy-UI-ISIY UP A INOsaY KOleYY yvoH IVWN IHXd Lo/¥z/9 ooS't1 uonigryxg yseyy 4Fdn x upg SPI YOK MON quomepy IVWN IIUDIDJUOTD BIPAY] SYIOAIIN, SIN L6/S0/% o000'Sh JANIVN pur [RAlsay OaplA pur WIL] URaWYy sANeN up Inyyorypy VLD pue-q ‘f projsayiva AY IVWN 881'68 ‘() TVLOLANS ypivasay Jeauaq] jo ainansuy euoneNy ay) Jo Aressoaruuy (saysuesy, Aouatesaquy) IHXa L6/IZ/ £90'g yro$ ay aavsowawwoOZD 0} IIgIyxy URIUOSyATWUS Yapeoy JO somnajnisuy peuoneN sPavIPUoy HVWN yosvasay JeIuad Jo sMINIsUy PVUOFLY ay) Jo AlvssaaruUy (saysuvsy, AduadvsaIUy) IHX L6/z0/Z Sz1'91 yo$ ayi aivsOWaWWO? 01 IIqIyX| URUOsYATLUS yaRapy Jo sanansuy peuoneNy svaviIpuoy HVWN IHX4 96/g0/01 000‘o$ Quawysiqinjaa) uornypoaay v Funysry,, uqiyx| Agiauq jo quawasedaq uuny HVWN onda 96/71/71 000'S1 yaloig no uoisury]g ayNnq uonepuNoy paral] ata HVWN £8219] (6) TVLO.LANS aonad L6/L1/6 00S'6% wrisoig Aju Jo uonriqayay “Up. ajquareyy aes pulpy ddeiy, VVWN IHXa LosIzjL oo0o‘o£ Aauy OP] urlig Aq aang $,[1wug :uoOHTqIyX| uonepunoy Lely unoig VVWN (‘dioy IHX L6/Rz/b 00'S UqIyX| preg oy J, [Iqoy) nasnyy ssoULIePy 2U,T, unojg VVWN uonepuno,y onda L6/0€/$ o000'$z spooyss dqQng Dq ep Ul jy uPdoWwy ZUYey UATOPUIMYD Pur SOW Jazued VVWN uorsay jeardey ruoneNy onda L6/0£/6 000‘OI VVIWN 2 s)0aoig Sururvsiy, uonvonpy 1ua90q aya jo uonepunoy AuNWWOD unolg VVWN uorfay peadey yeuonen onda L6/¥1/8 009‘$ VVWN 28 s2daloig Surusesy, uonvonpy Juas0q aya jo uolnvpunoy AiunwWWwoD unolg VVWN uorfay yeades onda L6/So/£ of9'9 VVIWN 2 sidaloig Sururrsy, uonronpg Jua20q Jeuoneyy ay) Oj UOLnRpUuNoT unolg VVWN uorfay peardey onda 96/90/71 PIL'Iz VVWN 2 sioalorg Sururvsy, uoNvoNpy 1aI0q jeuoneNy aya Joy uoNepuNoy unoig VVWN uorsay peadey onda L6/So/t 6£6'g VVWN 2 sidalorg Sururesy, UoNvonpy 1uaI0q JeUONeAY aya JO} UOINepUNno.T unolg VVWN 6gG6'EbL (hI) TV.LO.LANS IHXa £6/S0/$ 000'll PAIOT WY SA aya jo Aavsioaruuy qio$,, sIqIryxX| asuayaqqy Jo wuawasedaq uosi]y WSVN uonviisturupy onda L6/L1/9 £€S°G iyspy auossadng jo sava x Any swantsodwAg aovdg pur soiinevuosay [euoneyy uosjapuy WSVN ASA L6/70/6 6bb'z VSVN/anansuy urruosy AUS ay) WO] IAT gouarag adoasajay, aavdg uIP. WSVN stunasnyy aouaINg YANosy? vavq suaIDg/yIUeT ASA LO/IZ/E 000‘or 01 ssad0y JO} IINIONIISVAJUT UOLPWIOJUT 9DUIIIS VSVN/elusojiped Jo 93835 $1910 X\ WSVN sfopeuy [eiasoqay, uonensiurupy ASA L6/92/$ Loo‘gil pur sjasvavq urppasepy Fursn Adojoay snua, jo sishjeuy aoedg pur sonneuolay [euoneNy yjaqdwe WSVN asoding airq pireay junowy apLL pareay josuodg Jowsnsaau, =: a9JEQ/aNIarAsuy jedioung suinasnyy (p,4#09) (OYS Fuipnyoxq) UoMasuy URIUOSYATWUS aya qv AIAIIOy psremay 150 atyqndayy UvoTUrWuod SAW £6/61/8 000'9 ‘suIvIUNOW OonsJoYrE at) jo suonviojdxg proruvog PUNT IYNPLA Po opaaaay HNWN suondaTjop OSIIN 26/80/8 000'g SOAIIY WL] sarpnag uetunfFy ay2 Jo uoseurwassiq ‘Duy ‘Up UOIPNOg vane] ay TL, yRIWOPy HNWN uogryx” she OST £6/20/8 ooo's yIog Furyoor,, Joy a.uasajuoyy Suruuryg ssaprq branty uonepunoy OOUV ]Jaaory HNWN purvypivayy IHXa L6jor/Z 000‘o0or urd a2 Ul aFULYD Jo SarI0,J :UIvID 0} sseIg) WOT] uonepunoy FFo] Jay STK Jayynvas HNWN apoag Jasuaavag Jae) ASA Lojor/Z oot‘ 3sdJO,J YIag ay1 Jo suonrjndog iuraxg aiv07J 03 AdAINS Y AduvAIASUOTD aINIVNY JauIaI¢g HNWN qSAU L6)/Le/8 ooo't AUS FAM APIA PHO A1lss9arq] Juey_ Jo sauuad PUNT SF TPTAN PHO SOqOTSEITTA HNWN puny asngy, ayquariey OSI L6/0z/b 0000's WY SION Ppa ued, s#urwuuwn uvaf 2» Suryy ysnyzig HNWN uonvonpy JoJ anjonIyseajuy SUOIvITUNUTWODATAT, up yanog onadq L6/6z/¥ tho'sz1 BUT SIoUIIv Iajiog iddississrpy 2 ULTUOSYIIWUS AY, — Jag/AIIsJaaruL] areas Iddississi wryyuy HNWN SUITIvy URauLIIaIpayy ASA L6/10/¢ SLZr‘LZz usaisvg Uo Jessadsiq pasaayy pur jjQ-InD Iuatuipas ayIN Aja190g d1ydesiFoaxy [LUOTIeN Aauvag HNWN PIYPAOTS ‘UIseg PuUal A, ASA L6/Lz/E oob'ez ‘auacoryy Aji ‘speag pur spewuweyy [vrasasay paivioossy Ayain0g a1ydvasoay yeuoneyy Aru HNWN saurddiypiyd puny ASA L6/£o/£ SSL'Sb ay) Ul FULIOI VOY] 2% UONPAIASUO’) AlISIAAIPOIG 3S910q UONvAIJISUOD aINILAY Ualueplay Jorawy eq HNWN ASA L6/Z0/1 oog' hE puvpraz oN ‘uodury vinoyley Url suuaishsoog vag daaq Aja130§ d1ydevssoay JeuonvNy Jadoy HNWN sur] aueyy ASAU 96/O1/z1 00007 JPY IWPJONSY Iwasy yi Jo sovwaisksorg pur Adopoog uonepunoy iedivyy JapVWT HNWN “A’d (N49qg) JUatUdOpaAIG ASA 96/Luyu1 oot EE Nag Ul Yovasay Aiissaatporg puv Sunsadsorg ]ays JoaWT|LG HNWN puny isnay ayquareyy ASA 96/81/11 ooo‘o! Waloig Jopraqvy ayy, ssurmuwn uvaf » Fury ysnyzayy HNWN uvruosqartug aya av Adopouysay, Suryeusadeg asuryoxg Apsepouss ASA 96/£0/01 giS‘Zg pur siadeg asaurys) uo yssvasay puv uonrAsasaig — '],IU] Joy UP ony-Furyy Surry JOpAvT, HNWN IHX4 Z6/60/$ Oost ,SIUSUTIUO?) JO SpLosssosy,, JOINOT, ULIssNY —- FuIpuvassjapuyy penanyy Joy asa, ysnyzany HNWN IHX4 L6/71/71 ooS‘Z .SIUDUNIUOD JO SprosssoIy,, JOINOL ULIssNy — FuUrpuvassapuyy JeNANyY Joy as, qsnyqzayy HNWN ASA L6/97/6 b61 voiJoWoaN JO UONvoyNUApy AlISIOAIUL] UJaisvay Nog vAON Sanquaion HNIWN ASAU L6/Lz/$ o0o0o'St alorg asiPyI0yD NonI uuvlUyjoLy HNWN o$z'g09 (8) TV.LO.LANS ON 96/Rg0/11 o$Z uF tuslnoy pooysoqy sian YIOA MINT JO Any YJOMLEL IVIWN SNOD LO/1e/L 000‘00$ TVIN 28 Joquary soonosay [vinayng Jo uononsasu07 UOHpunNoOy atsoryy say IVIWN asodind amv] pavay junowy = ap paray tosuodg JOWSSAAUT DYO/ANINSUT jedroung swunasnyy (p,4409) (OVS FuIpnypoxg) UORNIsUT UvTUOSY ATG aya Iv IAOY pavay Ist TIdd asa onda TIdd USA onda onda onda asa aSsau asau qsau asada asada qSay ASA IHX asa asau asa IHXd asa qsau asoding JUDWIUOM AUT aq1 L6/27/6 000'g 0) parvpay saouarosorg Ul diysaoyfag ysvasay [rI0ID0PIsOg uonepuUNOy aduUaIDg [PUOHeNY SSaI3I HNWN “+ urao0 UL sadurys Jo UONLANSIAU! [eoTFo]OIUaLUT pas ASN/uonepunoy L6/0£/9 ooo't pur ‘{rorwaysoas ‘qvo1Fojooayed pavssaiur uy YIIvasaY] PWSY SeXIT, poo pry HNWN quatudojaaaq feanapn-ssorg Ysnosyi saroivjogey Fury ASN/Attsi9aruy) 26/60/9 ooo'bh ojut satavagry durpurdxg :Aivsqry wasaq peaesiq ay, a9nag OdIxXapy MAN, wepyuy HNWN VIULWOY JO Syst] 9ULILYY L6/€1/$ OOt't auas0911Q aya jo Apnag iurof v soy auawidoyaaaq 199/01 g [iouno Yrivasay [euONRNy JayAL HNWN (saiaaAwoosy £6/81/6 000'StI #ustusJo,]-uay rq) avaavruopryy ayi us sarpnag a1ydessouoy; UONepUNO,y adUaIIg [RUOHILNY isa gaq HNWN L6/L7/8 000‘OOI WL] IVWIOT ATV] Y :ajrT JO SIOpUO uonRpuNo,y aduUaIIg JRUOHeNy AYI2.0 HNWN s19a{01g aDUaIIS Z6/90/1 o000't [P190g DNDIY YSN UO sayyosg yusaquy jo uoNvardaig uonepuNoy adualdg jPUOTIeNy ysnyzayy HNWN wrisold L6/9T/Z 000'o$ Surutesp yosvasay AsoIstpy [vanqvAy Jo wunasnyy [PUVA UONepUNOy adUaIdg [PUOHIBNY ssary HNWN L6/10/$ ogZ‘tol visoadiq] aya ur yosvasay o1ydvssouoyy UOHepuno,y aduUaINg [vUOHIeAy siyaeyy HNWN L6/10/8 gSh'Shz SUOIFIY AVJOg LWWOI SUONIDITJOZ [eoITFOpOIg uoNepUNOy adUaIIg [RUONILAT pyeyoney HNWN L6/b7/6 ooS‘ob qwaloig IstpyIayD Jolaiuy jo duauasedaq amnoy, HNWN 26/61/6 ooo‘ yalorg [wussuridg ursvg wary ayy, Jolajuy jo juawaiedog Ja] YsIoH] HNWN 96/Zo/o1 gbeez yalorg jivussuridg urseg was at, Jolajuy jo juawasedag Joyyssoy] HNWN L6/S7/8 000'9 spieus#uridg uiseg awossy :389/X\ ay) ur Artssoarporg Iaenby Jolaiuy jo Juauaedaq JO[YSIOFY HNWN [elaieyy wwaashg IvjOS uonensiurupy L6/TejL o000‘Z$ aATLULIg JO sarpnag iuatwaly avy, pur IFopos ag ‘1doi0s] aovdg pur sorneuosay peuoneyy uosJay gov HNWN Sa10a1IW uonensiurupy 26/51/5 o000'St dujvAsUy UF Sassad01g snoruastuy Jo sarpnag Jrauawtsadxg aovdg pur sorneuosay peuoneNy hoo HNWN ,Jsvoa10,J ay) Furpuvissapus) uonesiurupy L6/€1/9 000'S$zI Fue [eqo[H,, uourqryxg ay soy azoddng aordg pur sorneuolay [euoneNy J3][01$ HNWN pur uoldunxg ssepy ULIWag ay jo sish[euy uonvisturupy LO/IE/E £66'bLZ [eo FoyouosyI0ay pur jroifopouoajeg uoNNyosay-YFIET VY aordg pur sornevuosay [euoneyy UIMa HNWN L6/Et/9 000'$zz wvsifoig sluswavLy IsdsJoOy Jo sotuvudg [eosoyjorg UP UOT “/\ Aopuy uOSTI X\ HNWN £6/97%/6 o0o00't suMuUay URW jo siskjeuy [ro1FojoI1sC “Duy ‘saoinosay esnapny Aa[sMO HNWN L6/0£/6 oos‘$Ze uoniqiyxg ,nury ata jo aaidg :Anuryy,, uonvpunoy uoddiyy ayy, yanyziy HNWN L6/77/ OO0O‘OIt wrido1g sluaWUsvsy S910, Jo Aissiaarqy eatsojorg ayy, uonepunoy ywung uos}I A HNWN uolsa yy jo quatudoyaaag ay) Jo JuUaWAILUWOZD INC Sumunuoy puny L6/87/8 PEE EE ‘FuloUMUOpy 2% UONVAIASUO’T) AITSIDAIPOIG 18910] UONLAIASUO’) IINIVN UdJULPIIy JaIaW eq HNWN aivq paray qunowy apLL paray josuods jowsnsaauy = =—- aJOQ/anayasuy jediourig swnasnyy (7,140) (OVS Sulpnjoxg) uonNsuy UeTUOsYITWS aya Ie AITAIIDY prey 152 vyseyy Ul SqN up Aq (sayjsuvay, AQuadesaquy) ASA Z6/11/9 oo$‘Zz pajaistullupy spurT uo Ydivasay [eo Fojoaysry Sunonpuoy Jonaiuy jo juawiedaq ysnyzayy HNWN (sajsuva yy, ADuasesaquy) ASA 26/£1/9 009‘II sashjvuy viuviy urlydjoq asouso0g adJaWWO’) JO JUaWAIedaq 49110q HNWN onda 96/O1/O1 000‘OI asINOD VONPIIID GYW/IS 3 suedronsed soy asoddng OOsSHNOA Jory [eq HNWN puryyosinaq yt]qudaisapung Jap IHX 96/So/z1 000‘08 qusuodwo’) uonqiyxg ,dvIUy-INDIy,, ay|eys#unqjaassny pun -isuny ysnyziny HNWN puryyasinaq y!]qndaisapung Jap IHX 96/O1/O1 000‘0$ quauodwo uoniqryxg ,VIUy-INDIY,, ay]eyssunqjaissny pun -isunsy ysnyza1y HNWN qSaY L6/£0/6 oot't sapUN yy aureyy dy1oKg Jo AFojouosyI0I19]9ayNS 3919 WO’) Jo JUaIEdaq snZ HNWN ASA 26/60/$ 0088 sapNT, sureyy Dylorg Jo AFopouosyI0I3]ay§ adJaW WO Jo Juawivdaqg SnZ HNWN ASA LG/iE/E 000'$ qaloig Asdossayy jPuUUepy suey ada WO Jo JUaWIIedaq 19110q HNWN asa 96/tO/OI 6666 s[RUIUY dUTIeyy JO UONDaTJOD JayNoA Surusequreyy yapeay] JO sainasuy euoleNy Sinquason HNWN PUeIsi ASA 96/2z/11 0009 UAMOISIWL( WOIJ SUIRWAY URN] Jo siIskjwuy I1suaIO] Jolaquy Jo JuaWaINdaq Aa]SMO HNWN Jes Jeauaunuo; ASA L6/7/% 666'661 JaINOC yi WoI sudtdadg Jvorsojorg Jo uorrtsodsiq Jorajuy jo juawairdaq pyeyone,y HNWN uonrqiyxg ,sdvjy OSIN £6/L0/8 000'O!I og Suryooy,, Joj adudiaUOD Suruuryg siapyq branyy WuNnJOy saniueWNyY eyseyy EL ere) HNWN VAsn/Arss9atu onda L6/z/9 oot ‘1S WOOISSE]D [LITIG JesnNIpMINNYY aduryD Jo spaag sy], 31V1g ODIXIJAT MIN wryyuy HNWN ajdoag usayrisony suede UOISSTUWO') onda 26/90/9 o000‘o£ jo ainajny pur ‘Ajoasipy ay - nury ayi jo araidg :Anuey diyspuatisy saavig paaup-urde( ysnyzay HNWN wvIidolg ASA £6/$1/6 000'o$ WSIULITOA JEGO]TH aya Jo sadmnosayy aya 01 ssay WOYW-AD Adsaug jo duawaivdaqg IYNT HNWN WeITOlg ASA LoyrtjZ SSZL‘9 WSTUPIJOA JRGOTH ays Jo sadmnosay aya 01 ssax9y WOW-dD Adsaug jo uawairdag IYyNy HNWN : WVITOI ASA 96/80/01 bg6'6b WSTURITO A [GOTH ati JO SadINOSaY AY 01 SsA>YV CWOW-AD Adsoug jo juswaedag IY HNWN quawdoyaaaq ASA L6/10/L 000'oSI Dal{osig sUsWFvA] Is9IOJ JO sotULUAC [LoTFOpOIg jvuoneusaiuy Joy Auaty UOSTT AY HNWN IHXa 26/776 o000‘orI UOnTgIyXY adury’y JO $9910, ammapnousy jo duawaiedaq Jayna HNWN IHX 96/b7/O1 SoroSt UONIGIYXs, atuLvyD JO sarI0,] ainqynoudy jo juawaindsg Jayynvas HNIWN vary isis Surog oy ul ainssaig ASA L6/t0/$ S6O'bS Sununpy stuadodosyuy pur Arupiquur, woishsooq aorowwo’y Jo JUaWaINdaq ytudnayy HNIWN asoding ard paray junowy PLL pavay sosuodg JOWSTNSOAUT DYO/AMINsuUy edioung suunasnyy (p,4009) (OVS FuIpnypox) UORNANSUT URTUOSATWUg aya dv AITAROY pavary 153 uonenossy ASA LG6/EO/E orZ'b1 uaWas Iv’) DNsawod-UON Ul AT JO uodaI9q uunuenby 29 007 urdawy pJvaop] dZN VZV V/Uolepunoy onda L6/61/% 000'07 vISY IsvayINos UI YORIIING 2% UONVONpY [eIusWUOITAUT 007 viosauUYy JOW Wa /\ dZN AST LO/LE/e OSe'gz alo AYN]P]EA\ Yeopurusys HOLVMAHLUVA vOUSSW dZN ASA LO/St/% 000‘00$ wvidoig eg ZNO 2661 ZNOA uosuIqoyY dZN Spiig ULIeAL Ey ASA L6/O1/% O6E' gh pasosurpug 2 iounxg jo AydvssoatopAyg jvpnoajoyy Ayar30g d1ydestoary jeuoneyy JIYISIIP] dZN UuoNvoNpY puv ysvasa xy “oUy ‘yosvasay Jeorsoyodosyauy onda 96/67/11 000 ‘St Joy Suryew-japoyy pure sursewy :AFopodosysuroajeg q-£ JO} UOepUNO UdID-JOUUD JoFaquasoy dZN “aandey ur sarsadg Jeunruy pasasuepug SIU L6/27/6 000'07 Joy JvIUdIOg dANINporday pur Fusaq-]]aA\ JO Wuawssassy UPJ OF pod “y aurpyesoy praaspivy dZN “gandry ur sarsadg perumuy pasosuepug ASA 96/11/01 000‘0% JO} [eIUAIOg aANNposIday pur Fusaq-]JaA\ JO Wawssassy UP a4 pod “yf eurpyesiay proaspiry dZN ors‘72Z'1 (£) TV. LO.LANS ovsUO0D onda 96/Zz/11 g$9‘gI juapuadapuy aarenruy d1tuaashg Ueqiy) Ait yIOA MON IO MIN JO 93VIS ddvy NISN 9nda 26/61/$ o000‘9tt WAIOJAY puv UOLVoNps auUatIg 10) Furpying Arovdeg UONRpUNOy ddUaIIg [LUCEY ddvqy NISN onda L6/20/5 zSg‘Z7g spooyrs a]ppryy 40j sdaduo7y ABopouy ray, pur aduatng uonepuNoy aduatng jPUOHeNy ddeq NISN ort‘oZg'z (1) TV.LO.LANS IHX4 96/10/01 ot ‘oLg‘t WdN 28 puny suonviadg 2661 DDIAIAG [2ISOg *S'() sung WdHdN oor'z (1) TV.LOLANS ASA L6/71/8 oor't ayvag ipuvsquuay Joy Avssy onFoyeaey davwasdg wy jo Ajayjey peuonen SOP dN 9O1'189'b (02) TV.LO.LANS suuvIgotg aAtviadoo7y pur ydsevasay (sojsurd yy, AQuadesaquy) aASaU L6/10/9 £10°6E ‘safuvyoxg uvIssny-'S' fF) Jo JUawdojaaaq ati Ul AsIssy Jonaiuy jo wuauaedaq ysnyzayy HNWN vavq—wiaisks (sajsuray, Auadesaiuy) Auady aSaU L6/£1/9 o000‘or uonvusojuy Awouoxry, Aouasvsoiuy uawdoyaaaq uoNdajI01g [PIUAWUOIAUT UOSTEAY HNWN varq—uiaishg (aojsuva y, AQuadesojuy) Aouad y ASA LO/LT/G 000‘o$ uonvusojuy Awouoxry, Aduatesaiuy Guaudojaaaq U01}99}01 J [RIUIWUOI AUT UOS|I AY HNWN ysty jo (saysursy Aduagesaiuy) Anuady ASAU L6/S1/6 000'09 Juowadseurpy vIVC pur pearyposy ‘uonvoyMuapy ‘suo da]]OD u0199101g [LIUAWUOIAUA SUIRATIE AY HNWN vivq—wiaisdks (aaysuvsy, AQuagvsaiuy) Auady ASA L6/S1/6 O00‘OIt uonvusojuy Awouoxey, Aduatvsaiuy Iuawdojaaaq uoldaIoI g [LIUaWUOIAUT uOSsTT AY HNWN (aajsuvay Aouastesaquy) Auady IHX4 L6/Fo/k 000‘OO!I UGIYXY ,ISvIIIO ay Furpuvaissapuy) :Turwe A [eqo]H,, Uu0NdIIOI g JLIUIWUOITAUT Ja]JOIS HNWN asoding a1vq paeay junowy apy, paray Josuodg JowsNsaauy adyjJO/anaNsuy jediourig suinasnyy (p,1409) (OVS #urpnyoxgq) uoNNansuy UesUOsyITWg ayi av AIANOY pieaAy 154 adueyy ayvuuty) puv (Jojsuvdy, Aduadviaiuy) uonvasturupy ASA Losbry/é ogo'hZ Ayssoatc] Jeorsoporg uo yioday sisayaudg YWSYN/daNO aovdg pur sarnruojay [euoneyy AolaaoqT —- SOAOI /PAINJO yoivasay 2 Furey, onagd L6/%7z/9 £26‘ot sioidnisiq] auld0pug UO adUAaIAyUO7D JOJ ainisasuy suoneyy pouy, AOfaaoT —-SOAOIG/PAINJO onda 26/776 ooo's ‘uy ‘sarpnaig Avuaiuay prayy lasedivyy Jesnapnds9IUy Joy aININASUT UOTTIG —-ISOAOIG/29YJO 9nd L6/z0/$ o0oo‘o! 2661 Aivnurf - doysysi0\ Joadnssiq, auld0pugq uonvpuno,y puryawopyy AolaaoT —-ISOAOI/PIYJO ‘Quy ‘uolepuno,y DSIN L6/So/t O00‘ sioidnisip surdopua uo Funsaw Suruuryd UA]eaP] 2 poo, ‘uonvasasuo7y AolaaoyT —-ISOAOIg/2IJO nda 26/91/$ 000'8 spur at]qng :a9uasajuoy [eIUaWUOIAUT uonevpunoy d9Uay ddUTTU A Aolaaoq —-ISOAOI/2I JO uonvpuno,y ayquieyy onda 26/60/58 000‘0% AlsiaAtporg UO adUaIaJUO’) JLUOTICNY II] ‘zurapy uyof ‘py esasay, AolaaoJ —-3S0OA0Ig/PAJO ThL'g Zi 1) TV.LO.LANS Sulsvoproig 9nd 96/87/01 thL'gZt SUA AP OV] Furay, dtqng Joj uorvsods0+ uosuyo{, JLO 000'99 (1) TVW LOLANS Tand 96/O7/z1 000'09 py Jodwes isog uoituryse yy Sy asvyD Aaayy uvwapury vdO GLE‘ OgE'T (27) TV.LOLANS juaudoyaaaqg onda L6/ot/¥ o0oo0'St 9661 ][RJ Ul ssaIsuO’ dajjo_D ayqvurvasng asin] jeuoneusajuy Joy Auaty ay dZN asau 96/1/11 Ooo‘O! slayUrd VplOpy Jo siskjeuy WaUay svpndsajoyy vplopy jo a3v3g udtig.O dZN urd ASA L6/87/+ 9L6‘09 ofiquig padsasaidoAry v yo aouvuaiuiryy pur uawdojaaaq yapeayy Jo sainansuy yeuoreNy Wey dZN ASAU L6/£1/9 £L0‘99 spryoraypeg ur aouaiadwioy aanonpoiday jo sjuvurwsai9q HIN/Atsiaatuy] aavig 1uay [epeyo dZN ASA L6/FI1/E 000'£$ sodiquig isoajay, Jo uoreAsasasdodsy adsawwo') Jo JuaWAedaq usjopasepy dZN ulvjunoyy ASAU £6/11/9 000‘ Auay sayy y uo speurturyy []Vwug Joy Joooiorg Furysiyqvasy ammaynouay jo uswasedaq vayso dZN ASA LorejL 69L'Eg woaashg uripeUWLyy-UOpY BUF SAUNT 9199U9H Jo UONPAIASIIg Ya[PaHy Jo saanassuy PeUOUNE ujopaseyy dZN ASA 9G6/E7/71 S6L‘Liz juawdoyaaaq oAIquug pur uonovsajuy ajay Uavay{ Jo saananisuy PRuONeNy IPL AN dZN 96 XJ JOJ JUaWUOIAUT aya T1dd 96/61/71 000'g 03 paivpayy saduardsorg Url diysMoypay YImwasayy [VsIOIWOp Aso, uoHepuUNOy aduatNg [LUOTAIVNY JNpISIP] dZN ASAU L6/21/9 S10'ST Ajoassapun isasoJ Ul FuNsou satdads psiq Jo ssadIns @urpooig Joiayuy jo wuawaiedaq ned dZN ASAU 96/91/01 ofl‘oz Ajoassapun ysosoy ut FuNsou sarads psig Jo ssadons Furpaaig Jorajuy jo wuawaindaq Wad dZN ASM L6/77/6 766'6% UONvaUTPAC IwIqeEY FuIoULA\ JoIqIVA\ payaoyy uapjoyH Jolaiuy jo duauaavdaq ajoddry dZN ASH L6/10/2 Sg6‘Po 2661—uivs01g UONINpoIUIAY UOFT UapfOH ayy, Ajarso0g peorsoyoo7 ynyyuvsy ypog dZN savy [pews uonroossy ASA L6/91/¥ o6t'b Joy yenuryy Aapurqsnyy v jo vonnqiasiq, y UoNoNporg wnienby 29 007 uvoawy IPA dZN asodan avd paray yunowYy IPL pavavy josuodg JOWANSOAUT DIYO/AMINsUy jedioung swunasnyyy (p,4409) (OVS Surpnyoxq) uOKNINsUyT UvIuOstprtug oq) av AWANOY prveay 155 Onda ONG onda qsau aSawy asa asa asa ASau ASA ASA ASA ASau qSau aSau asa ASA asa asada Onde asoding L6joe/Z S66'S wuvidorg Aqnory [PuOleAy—urruosyirwy ayy, Aynovy peuoNeNy oy, Adswieyy AOS L6/61/€ 610'6E wrisoig Aynory [PuONeN}—urruosyiiwys ayy, Aynov,y peuoneyy ayy, Adswey qAOS L6/Lz/$ oot't wrisoig Alnor [ePuONeAy—urruosyirws oy y, Aynov,y [PUOTIVNT AUT, Aasweyy qAOS Qe POv'I (91) TV.LO.LANS (Jajsuvsy, Aduatesoiuy) uoneastUurUpy £6/L1/6 o000'St wuvisolg Yyoivasay aturyy yeqoyy aovdg pur soineuosay JeuoneN I3]]9\ gs youn L6/$1/$ 000'St JenapnaiFy jo osu. JOJ spuvpla/\ paisnsisuoy FuisE ainypnoay jo juawaedaq weysiy x DUS £6/61/8 00009 yalorg JUaWATRULYY VIR J9IV A ISeT|LE uonviodsursy jo wuauniedaq ZINY DIAS L6/87%/% o0o00‘o£ jalorg JuawWasvULYy VAL] JaIV/A\ IseT[e| uonriodsuvsy jo juawaledaq, ZINY AS s1ossang ajdiaynyy Jo siajjq Fustpasg 03 viydjapepiyd L6/10/¥ 1£6'S0% Ayxajdwoy Jeoifojooq Suipurassapuyy jo aouvasoduy ayy, Jo saduatog Jeane jo Awaproy }Jeu05D MAS IIWAsIC] Loyziy$ 6%6‘0% juawaseuryy Alo UaAUT Satdadg UOORRT JOAN UPIpUT Jaw) JOAN suyol 3S SoutHT as “uoqivy Jrouidug uy swaishsoog [eissaijay, ul 26/S1/6 ZIVIQI a#vsoig uatoINN pur uoqivy Wi4ay-suoT pur 7D dursry Adsaugq jo uawaivdaq ard UAS surpdAy uaIN_Y pur voRrpnuns.y voqiey Lo/Lo/é ooo'otr UO UONLIIUAIUOD *_ MJaydsowny Fursny Jo wayyy ayy, Adsoug jo uaunsedag ayviq JUAS (AvaX paryy—youny Vdia/ uy ‘winimsosuoy 96/11/01 0000S JeinapNoFy Jo [our JO} spurpa/\ paionsisuoZD Bursyy,, ypsvasay ayvadesoyy wey ay DAS Jaw A ASLT|PE, YA paresossy saisadg snouasipuy-uoyy L6/bI/E zobizl jo suorsvauy 03 Avg axradesayy Jo Arpiqidassng aos WO’) Jo JUaWAIedaC] ZIny DAS stsayiudsojoy UO UONVIPLY Ja[OIAvII] A) JO SIDA}Iq L6/z7jL 6oS‘€or ayy Surpuvisiapuyy) pur Furinseayy 01 saydvosddy Mapy uONepUNO 2dUaIDg [RUOIIeNY a[eany AS poysiaieyy Avg ayvadvsayy oy ul usar ASN/‘9uy ‘untsosuoyyasvasay £6/10/€ 000007 advospury pur Adojoay 01 sadivypsiq IuaANNY dunrypay ayvadrsay’y [Jas0D Nas 96/O1/O1 ooS ‘hr Avg ayvadesay") Jo suoisvauy [eo1Fo[O1g Joloquy jo Juawaedaq ZINYY NUS MOpag Woy uonviasturlupy £6/$%/6 O7g‘EI AAA IL —anqonaig Adour’) Isao] JO UONvZtIaIoVIRYy aoudg pur sorneuosay Jeune Joye MAS “Duy ‘plounoy L6/0£/9 99%'6 Apnag io] 1g sarsadg snouasipuruoyy Asosiapy ,suazity jeuorsay Zin JUAS ‘ouy “plounos L6/Sz/@ tSL'tS Apnas ioyig sarsadg snouadipuruoyy AlOSIaApy ,SudZz1iIty [RUOI TAY ZINY Judas €S6'7S1 (8) TVLO.LANS 9661 {eq ul doysy10 (sajsuray, Aduameiaiuy) Lo/ot/b o000't ypsvasay pur Suro uuoyy [eIUIWUOITAUT [RUC NT UOLePUNO,] adUaIDg [RUOLNY AolaaoT ~—-ISOAOI /ADJO avd paray junowy dpLL paray josuodg JoiwssaAuy aajOQ/ainansuy jedioung /uinasnyy (p,1409) (OYS Surpnjaxq) uornansuy uesuosyarwg aya yw AWAY pseay 156 warsg juawareuLyy sluLID s9a/01g pasosuodg Jo aa1JQ :a21N0g GOS Egh'Z1 (P61) CAAIMOTU SAUVAV TIV JO TVLOL ooS‘o£ (1) TVLO.LANS onda £6/S0/z% ooS‘oL UOISNOFY Ul AIDAOISIC] JO SANIOA S,ULTUOSYITWS ‘Uy ‘UaWAMOpU UOIsNOPy sod VSL SSIZIP'I (11) TV. LO.LANS IHX4 L6/O1/1 o000'$Z UQiYyXY ,SUOIUUO’) UvagqHILD/sjaay INO,, Uplopy Jo avis rqry ep RULS ASAU 26/S0/$ 110‘7EI VOVUUN—L661 suonrsadg diyg UOHepUNOY adUaIDg JRUOHILNY souleg ILLS WNUWEXVYY [RIL] AsvT ays aourg urseg ASAU L6/37/¥ 11b‘Z6 uozewy ay jo AsolsiPy [eIUatUUOIAUG pur dORWITD ayy, uonepuno,y aouatog ;eUOTIeNy XnvAUI[O RLLS ASAU L6/z1/€ 000‘09 vUNLT IsdIOJ pur sisas0y Jeotdosy jo Arrpiqras asuajaq jo uawairdaqg lyasuy RLLS ASA 96/£0/O1 000'006 saipmg stuarsdsoog Jvotdory, ur saouvapy Upy UOTaPy ‘AA AaIpuy qjourqnyy RLLS ASA L6/gz/Z 089'69 vuuvurd jo sisalojurry aya Ul Furdadsorg prorwayy vinieN voIlvpuny Aajoy IMLS OSIN L6jorjZ O00‘O£ RLLS—doddng Jesauary ‘QU] UORepuNOY JauIN Ty, yourqny ILLS IHXa LojorjZ 000‘07% UONIGIYXs] SafloasTy SOI SINpY ay, "pyT sasinay uvaqqiivy pedo vqyy ap RLLS IHX4 £6/61/9 000‘0% uolrag UOLUG,—aIqryxg Jaayy [vs105 uonrpunoy Aruapy ypou0qg RLLS Juawunuoyy onda LO/Ez/F 1SS‘J IINILAY OPvsojOD OJIN Iv J9IUI;D JOIST A AY IOy IZOddNg vinden Uororpuny uqyy ap ILLS ASA L6/70/$ ZOS‘II vuururg Ul satoadg asso aaraeyy Jo UONvATND vinqeN Uolorpuny wpuoy DLLs PIEgZor (FV) TV.LOLANS uononpy Jo onda 96/10/71 00009 Jooyas JousyP uNasnyy doq sn/eiquinyos jo iLasiq aquivyy qos asoding avd paray junowy aPLT, piray “eB josuodg JOIWFNSOAUT MDYO/AMINsSUT jedioung /wunasnyy (p,1409) (OVS Surpnypoxy) UORNMANsUy UeTUOSYATWUg aya Iv AALOY pawany 157 Publications of the Smithsonian Institution Press in Fiscal Year 1997 During fiscal year 1997, the Smithsonian Institution Press released more than 70 publications, including trade books, exhibition catalogs, monographs, museum guides, and sound recordings. The most important are listed below. University Press Beebe, Reta. Jupiter: The Giant Planet. 2d ed. Beidelman, T. O. The Cool Knife: Imagery of Gender, Sexuality. and Moral Education in Kaguru Initiation Ritual. Bonar, Eulalie H., ed. Woven by the Grandmothers: Nineteenth- Century Navajo Textiles from the National Museum of the American Indian. Cassidy, Donna M. Painting the Musical City: Jazz and Cultural Identity in American Art, 1910-1940. Cullen, Jim. The Civil War in Popular Culture: A Reusable Past. (pbk.) Curtis, L. Perry, Jr. Apes and Angels: The Irishman in Victorian Caricature. Rev. ed. Delano, Jack. Photographic Memories: The Autobiography of Jack Delano. de Oliveira, Nicholas, Nicola Oxley, and Michael Petry, with texts by Michael Archer. Installation Art. (pbk.) Dierikx, Marc. Fokker: A Transatlantic Biography. Dillehay, Tom D. Monte Verde: A Late Pleistocene Settlement in Chile. Vol. 2: The Archaeological Context and Interpretation. Dilworth, Leah. Imagining Indians in the Southwest: Persistent Visions of a Primitive Past. Elias, Scott A. The Ice-Age History of Southwestern National Parks. Ernst, Carl H., and George R. Zug. Illustrations by Molly Dwyer Griffin. Snakes in Question: The Smithsonian Answer Book. Foresta, Merry A. American Photographs: The First Century. 158 Fuller, Kathryn H. At the Picture Show: Small-Town Audiences and the Creation of Movie Fan Culture. Garland, Mark S. Illustrations by John Anderton. Watching Nature: A Mid-Atlantic Natural History. Goddard, Ives, ed. Languages. Vol. 17: Handbook of North American Indians. Goodman, Steven M., and Bruce D. Patterson, eds. Natural Change and Human Impact in Madagascar. Grier, Katherine C. Culture and Comfort: Parlor Making and Middle-Class Identity, 1850-1930. Haddow, Robert H. Pavilzons of Plenty: Exhibiting American Culture Abroad in the 19505. Helfgott, Leonard M. Tes That Bind: A Social History of the Iranian Carpet. (pbk.) Henderson, Amy, and Adrienne L. Kaeppler. Exhibiting Dilemmas: Issues of Representation at the Smithsonian. Hilden, Patricia Penn. When Nickels Were Indians: An Urban, Mixed-Blood Story. (pbk.) Jakab, Peter L. Viszons of a Flying Machine: The Wright Brothers and the Process of Invention. (pbk.) Johnsgard, Paul A. The Hummingbirds of North America. 2d ed. Kenrick, Paul, and Peter R. Crane. The Origin and Early Diver- sification of Land Plants: A Cladistic Study. Kerber, L. L. Von Hardesty, ed. Stalin’s Aviation Gulag: A Memoir of Andrei Tupolev and the Purge Era. Kinsey, Joni L. Plain Pictures: Images of the American Prairie. Kohl, Michael F, and John S. McIntosh, eds. Discovering Dinosaurs in the Old West: The Field Journals of Arthur Lakes. Kramer, Carol. Pottery in Rajasthan: Ethnoarchaeology in Two In- dian Cities. Lavenda, Robert H. Photographs by Ronald M. Schmid. Corn Fests and Water Carnivals: Celebrating Community in Minnesota. Manthorne, Katherine E., with John W. Coffey. The Landscapes of Louis Rémy Mignot. Marquardt, Virginia Hagelstein, ed. Survivor from a Dead Age: The Memoirs of Louis Lozowick. McNutt, John, and Lesley P. Boggs. Photographs by Héléne Heldring and Dave Hamman. Running Wild: Dispelling the Myths of the African Wild Dog. McShea, William J., H. Brian Underwood, and John H. Rap- pole. The Science of Overabundance: Deer Ecology and Population Management. Morse, Don F. Sloan: A Paleoindian Dalton Cemetery in Arkansas. Moser, Joanne. Singular Impressions: The Monotype in America. Murdy, Edward O., Ray S. Birdsong, and John A. Musick. Fishes of Chesapeake Bay. Norton, Bryan G., Michael Hutchins, Elizabeth F. Stevens, and Terry L. Maple, eds. Ethics on the Ark: Zoos, Animal Wel- fare, and Wildlife Conservation. (pbk.) Owen, Kenneth. Concorde and the Americans: International Politics of the Supersonic Transport. Pattie, Susan Paul. Faith in History: Armenians Building Community. Rich, Doris L. Amelia Earhart: A Biography. (pbk.) Roberts, Lisa C. From Knowledge to Narrative: Educators and the Changing Museum. Robinson, Susan Barnes, and John Pirog. Mabel Dwight: A Catalogue Razsonné of the Lithographs. Samuel, Lawrence R. Pledging Allegiance: American Identity and the Bond Drive of World War II. Smulyan, Susan. Selling Radio: The Commercialization of American Broadcasting. 1920-1934. (pbk.) Spudis, Paul D. The Once and Future Moon. Whittington, Stephen L., and David M. Reed, eds. Bones of the Maya: Studies of Ancient Skeletons. Wilson, Don E. Photographs by Merlin D. Tuttle. Bats zn Question: The Smithsonian Answer Book. Wilson, Don E., and Abelardo Sandoval. Manx: The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru. Wright, Helena E. Prints at the Smithsonian: The Origins of a National Collection. Smithsonian Collection of Recordings Hot Jazz on Blue Note Star-Spangled Rhythm Federal Series Publications Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology 40. William L. Merrill, Marian Kaulaity Hansson, Candace S. Greene, and Frederick J. Reuss. “A Guide to the Kiowa Collections at the Smithsonian Institution.” 443 pages, 129 figures, frontispiece. 28 February 1997. 41. Douglas H. Ubelaker. “Skeletal Biology of Human Remains from La Tolita, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador.” 53 pages, 28 figures, 31 cables. 15 May 1997. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 84. Lars Peter Kvist and Laurence E. Skog. “Revision of Pear- cea (Gesneriaceae).” 47 pages, 22 figures, I table. 5 Decem- ber 1996. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences 37. Daniel Jean Stanley, James E. McRea, Jr., and John C. Waldron. “Nile Delta Drill Core and Sample Database for 1985-1994: Mediterranean Basin (MEDIBA) Program.” 428 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables. 6 December 1996. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 83. Porter M. Kier. “Oligocene Echinoids of North Carolina.” 37 pages, 6 figures, 11 plates, 2 tables. 6 May 1997. 84. James C. Tyler and Alexandre F. Bannikov. “Relationships of the Fossil and Recent Genera of Rabbitfishes (Acan- thuroidei: Siganidae).” 35 pages, 21 figures, 1 cable. 2 Sep- tember 1997. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 581. Marian H. Pettibone. “Revision of the Sigalionid Species (Polychaeta) Referred to Psammolyce Kinberg, 1856, Pelogenia Schmarda, 1861, and Belonging to the Subfamily Pelogeniinae Chamberlin, 1919. 89 pages, 60 figures. 13 March 1997. 582. Marc E. Epstein. “Revision and Phylogeny of the Limacodid-Group Families, with Evolutionary Studies on Slug Caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Zygaenoidea).” 102 pages, 409 figures, 7 tables. 3 October 1996. 584. Wayne N. Mathis and Lorenzo Munari. “World Catalog of the Family Tethinidae (Diptera).” 27 pages, frontispiece. 22 November 1996. 585. Charles L. Staines and Susan L. Staines. “Type Specimens of Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution.” 25 pages. 16 June 1997. 587. Fenner A. Chace, Jr. “The Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the A/batross Philippine Expedition, 1907— 1910, Part 7: Families Atyidae, Eugonatonotidae, Rhynchocinetidae, Bathypalaemonellidae, Processidae, and Hippolytidae.” 106 pages, 29 figures. 15 September 1997. 588. Louis S. Kornicker and Douglas J. Barr. “Anchialine Ostracoda (Halocyprididae) from San Salvador, Bahamas.” 20 pages, I figures, 3 tables. 24 February 1997. 589. Victor G. Springer and M. Eric Anderson. “Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Fishes in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 8: Suborder Zoarcoidei (Anarhichadidae, Bathymasteridae, Pholidae, Prilichthyidae, Scytalinidae, Stichaeidae, Zoarcidae).” 27 pages, 2 figures. 24 July 1997. Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology 52. Grace Cohen Grossman, with Richard Eighme Ahlborn. “Judaica at the Smithsonian: Cultural Politics as Cultural Model.” 252 pages, 70 color figures, 72 black and white figures. 21 March 1997. 159 Publications of the Staff of the Smithsonian Institution and Its Subsidiaries in Fiscal Year 1997 Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture James, Portia. “Changing Role of the Curator.” MAAM Forum, Jane 1997. . “Community-based Research for Exhibition Development.” Paper presented at the meeting of the American Association of Museums, January 27—28, 1997. Willis, Deborah. “The Image of Paul Robeson.” In Jeffrey C. Stewart, ed., Paul Robeson: Artist and Citizen. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1997. . In Search of Balance: The Artist Scholar. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution/Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture, 1997. . Life on the Road: The Photographs of Milt Hinton. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. Willis, Deborah and Cottman, Michael. The Family of Black America. New York: Crown Publishers, 1996. Willis, Deborah and Lusaka, Jane, eds. Visual Journal: Photography in Harlem and DC in the Thirties and Forties. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1996. Archives of American Art Office of the Director Grant, Susan. Paris: A Guide to Archival Sources for American Art History. Washington, D.C.: Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, 1997. 160 Malloy, Nancy and Catherine Stover. A Finding Aid to the Walter Pach Papers. Washington, D.C.: Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, 1997. Southeast Regional Collector Kirwin, Liza. Lecture. “Advertisements and the Construction of the East Village Art Scene in Mass Art Magazines, 1981-1987,” College Art Association annual conference, New York, February I5, 1997. . Gallery talk. “Homage to a Still Life by Carlos Almaraz,” National Museum of American Art, March 19, 1997. . Lecture. “The Neo-Bohemians: East Village Artists Ten Years After,” Oral History Association annual meeting, New Orleans, September 25, 1997. West Coast Regional Center Karlstrom, Paul J., Panelist, “A Painter's Paradise,” Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara, CA, January 1997. . Lecture. “American Popular Culture,” National Gallery of Australia, Canberra, Australia, March 1997. . Keynote speaker. “American Popular Culture and its Impact Abroad,” American Studies Association annual meeting, Taipei, Taiwan, June 1997. . Lecture. “American Popular Culture and its Impact Abroad,” National College of the Arts, Tianan, Taiwan, June 1997. . Radio interview. “Arts Today” program, Australian Broadcast Corp., Canberra, Australia, live from San Francisco, CA, March 1997. . Radio interview. “Arts Today” program, Australian Broadcast Corporation, Melbourne, Australia, March 1997. . Lecture. “Bohemianism and the Arts,” Oral History Association annual meeting, New Orleans, LA, September 1997. . Lecture. “California Art and Culture and their Influence on Popular Culture in the U.S.,” University of Canberra Convocation, Australia, March 1997. . Lecture. “California Artists: On the Edge of America,” The Snite Museum of Art, University of Notre Dame, WI, April 1997. . Lecture. “History is in the Details,” Art Gallery of New South Wales, Australia, March 1997. . Lecture. “History is in the Details,” Customs House Gallery, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, March 1997. . Panelist. “Mexico, Muralism and Modernism in Northern California,” Mexican Masterpieces Conference, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, CA, January 1998. . Lecture. “On the Edge of America: California Art and Popular Culture,” Power Institute of Fine Arts, University of Sydney, Australia, March 1997. . Lecture. “On the Edge of America: California Modernist Art and Culture,” Victorian School of the Arts, Melbourne, Australia, March 1997. . Lecture. “On the Edge of America: Modernist Art in California and a Sense of Place,” Museum of Fine Arts, St. Petersburg, FL, December 1996. . Lecture. “Oral History at the Archives of American Art,” Southwest Oral History Association annual meeting, Pasadena, CA, April 1997. . Lecture. “The Impact of American Popular Culture on the West,” The Sydney Institute, Sydney, Australia, March 1997. . Lecture. “The Other Side of Light: Paris, Symbolism, Monsters, and American Art,” Queensland Art Gallery, Brisbane, Australia, March 1997. . Article. “Tribute to George Tsutakawa (1910—1997),” International Examiner, Seattle, WA, January 1998. New York Regional Center Polcari, Stephen, Article. “Houston Mark Rothko,” The Burlington Magazine CXXXIX #1132 (July 1997):505—507. . Lecture. “The Ethos of Force, Power, and Violence: War Survivals in Domestic Culture in the Late 1940s and 1950s,” Colloquium on Vital Forms/Visual Arts in America, 1940-1960, The Brooklyn Museum, April 1997. . Lecture. “Jackson Pollock and the Historiography of the ‘Unconscious’,” Pollock Colloquium, The Museum of Modern Art, New York, May 1997. Polcari, Stephen and Sims, Lowery, Catalogue. Richard Pousette-Dart (1916-1992). Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1997. Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Office of the Director Beach, Milo C., and Ebba Koch. King of the World: The Padshahnama, An Imperial Manuscript from the Royal Library, Windsor Castle. London and Washington, D.C.: Azimuth Editions and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, 1997. Bliss, Susan. “The Freer Gallery of Art.” In The Art of Affluence, 79-83. Hong Kong: Edinburgh Financial Publishing (Asia), 1997. Research and Collections Division Cort, Louise Allison. “Vietnamese Ceramics in Japanese Contexts.” In Vietnamese Ceramics: A Separate Tradition. Edited by John Stevenson and John Guy. Chicago: Art Media Resources, 1997. . “Twentieth-century Asian Crafts in the Sackler Gallery.” Orzental Art 43, no. 3 (autumn 1997) 18-24. . “Asian Ancestors.” In Mark Hewitt: Potter. Raleigh, N.C.: Visual Arts Center, North Carolina State University, 1997- . “Artin the Hollow of the Hand.” In Ceramics by Fance Franck. St. Petersburg, Russia: The State Hermitage Museum, 1996. Dehejia, Vidya J. Discourse in Early Buddhist Art: Visual Narratives of India. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1997. . “The Dominance of Space Over Time in India’s Visual Narratives.” In Paradigms of Indian Architecture: Space and Time in Representation and Design, SOAS Collected Papers on South Asia 13. Edited by G. Tillotson. London: Curzon Press, 1997. , ed. Representing the Body: Gender Issues in Indian Art. New Delhi: Kali for Women, 1997. Douglas, Janet G. “The Study of Chinese Archaic Jades using Non-destructive X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy.” Acta Geologica Taiwanica 32 (1996):43—54. Janet G. Douglas, and Chase, WW. Thomas. “Technical Studies and Metal Compositional Analyses of Bronzes of the Eastern Eurasian Steppes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections,” Appendix II, 306-18. In Emma C. Bunker, Ancient Bronzes of the Eastern Eurasian Steppes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections. New York: Arthur M. Sackler Foundation, 1997. Douglas, Janet G., Hsien Ho Tsien, and Li-Ping Tan. “Geology of Tremolite Rock and Petrofabrics of Archaic Chinese Yu.” Acta Geologica Taiwanica 32 (1996):85—101. Farhad, Massumeh. “Arts of the Islamic World at the Sackler.” Oriental Art 43, no. 3 (autumn 1997):42—47. Gunter, Ann C. Entries for Abydos, Anatolia, Antioch-on-the-Orontes, Aphrodisias, Aspendos, Assos, Didyma, Elmali, Gordion, Great Altar at Pergamon, Halikarnassos, Miletos, Pergamon, Perge, Sardis, Troy, and Xanthos. In An Encyclopedia of the History of Classical Archaeology, Edited by Nancy de Grummond, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1996. . “Ancient Anatolia.” In Encyclopedia of Near Eastern Archaeology, 127-31, edited by Eric M. Meyers et al. New York: American Schools of Oriental Research and Oxford University Press, 1997. . “A Collection of Ancient Iranian Ceramics.” Oriental Art 43, no 3 (autumn 1997):25-30. Jett, Paul. Book review of The Materials of Sculpture and The Technique of Greek Bronze Statuary. Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 35, no. 1 (1996):65—66. Lentz, Thomas W. “The First Ten Years and the Next Ten Years.” Oriental Art 43, no 3 (aurcumn 1997):2-8. Merrill, Linda. “James McNeill Whistler as Decorator.” In Encyclopedia of Interior Design, 1382-83. Edited by Joanna Banham, London: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1997. So, Jenny F. Contributor to sections on Chinese bronzes, mirrors, jade carvings, and belthooks, as well as Korean mirrors. In The Dictionary of Art. New York: Grove's Dictionaries, 1996. 161 . Addendum to “A Hongshan Jade Pendant in the Freer Gallery of Art.” Originally published in Orientations (May 1993), 171. Hong Kong: Orientations Publications, 1997- . “The Ornamented Belt in China.” Orientations (March 1997):70-79. Stuart, Jan. “Where Chinese Art Stands: A History of Display Pedestals for Rocks.” In Worlds Within Worlds: Chinese Scholars’ Rocks, 85-108. Edited by Robert Mowry, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Art Museums, 1997. . “Calling Back the Ancestor’s Shadow: Chinese Commemorative and Ritual Portraits.” Oriental Art 43, no 3 (autumn 1997):8—17. , Review of Fruztful Sites: Garden Culture in Ming Dynasty China by Craig Clunas. China Quarterly 148 (December 1996):1393-95. Winter, John. “Ink: I. Types and Properties; I. Uses: III. Conservation,” Vol. 15, 849-56: and “Japan: VI. Painting; I. Materials and Techniques,” Vol. 17, 139-420. In The Dictionary of Art, New York: Grove’s Dictionaries, 1996. . “Gamboge.” In Artzsts’ Pigments, a Handbook of Their History and Characteristics. Vol. 3, 143-55. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Arc, 1997. Winter, John, Christopher A. Maines and James H. Dickerson II. “Applications of Image Processing and Analysis in Research on Works of Art.” In Imaging the Past: Electronic Imaging and Computer Graphics in Museums and Archaeology. Occasional paper no 114. British Museum, London (1996):35-48. Winter, John, and Helmut Schweppe. “Madder and Alizarin.” In Artists’ Pigments, a Handbook of Their History and Characteristics, Vol. 3, 109-42. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 1997. Yonemura, Ann. “Beyond the Brush: Japanese Prints, Paper Works and Photographs.” Orienral Art 43, no. 3 (autumn 1997):31—41. . “The Art of Calligraphy and the Wakan rGei sha.” In Japanese and Chinese Poems to Sing: The Wakan rei sha, 260-70. Edited and translated by J. Thomas Rimer and Jonathan Chaves. New York: Columbia University Press, 1997. Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies Printed Materials Belanus, Betty J. and Nomvula Mashoai Cook. “A Taste of Home: African Immigrant Foodways.” In Festival of American Folklife Program Book, edited by Carla M. Borden, 51-53. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. 162 Belanus, Betty J., and Diana Baird N’Diaye. “African Immigrant Folklife: Building and Bridging Communities.” Smithsonian Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997):3-4. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “African Immigrant Folklife: Building and Bridging Communities.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):6. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Borden, Carla M., editor. Smzthsonian Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. , editor. Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. , editor. Festival of American Folklife Program Book. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Cadaval, Olivia and Emily Botein. “Reports from the Border.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):8. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Dunlap, Brenda, project director. A World of Sound Catalogue. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. , project director. Smithsonian Folkways Catalogue of Recordings 1997. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. , project director. Smithsonian Folkways Recordings Masic for Children Catalogue. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. , project director. Bernice Johnson Reagon: Singer, Composer, Cultural Historian and Recording Artist Brochure. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Folkways Recordings. Early, James. “Multiculturalism: Preparation for 21st Century Global Civil Society.” In Proceedings of the Marshall University Multicultural and International Conference on Developing Cultural Competencies for Tomorrow's Global Leaders, edited by Aimee A. Howley. . “Sacred Sounds: Belief and Society.” Smithsonian Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997):4. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Center Sponsors Film Premiere.” Smithsonian Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997):14. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Sacred Sounds: Belief and Society.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):5. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Culture and Community-Building: South Africa Exchange.” Smzthsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):7. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Premiere of Paniolo O Hawaz’:: Cowboys of the Far West.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):9. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Sacred Sounds: Belief and Society.” In Festival of American Folklife Program Book, edited by Carla M. Borden, 60-62. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Horowitz, Amy. “Performance in Disputed Territory: Israeli Mediterranean Music.” In Musical Performance, edited by Amnon Shiloah (1)(3):43—53. . “The Mother of All Tours.” Szzzthsontan Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997):9. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Smithsonian Folkways Recordings: Not an Ordinary Label . . . Not So Easy to Label.” Smithsonian Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997):11-14. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “A Banner Season for Smithsonian Folkways.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):1. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Horowitz, Amy, and Bernice Johnson Reagon. Compilation and production of Give Your Hands to Struggle. SF 40049. Horowitz, Amy, and Reuven Namdar. “Overcoming Music Ghettos: An Interview with Avihu Medina, Mizrahi Musician in Israel.” Cultural Survival Quarterly 20(4):55-59- Hunt, Marjorie and Richard Kurin. “In the Service of the Presidency: Workers’ Culture at the White House.” Prologue: Quarterly of the National Archives and Records Administration 28(4). Kurin, Richard. “The Festival on the Mall.” Anthro Notes 19(I). . “The Hope Diamond: Gem, Jewel and Icon.” In Exhibiting Dilemmas. edited by Amy Henderson and Adrienne Kaeppler, 48-69. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “America’s Smithsonian: What and Where's The Story.” Grapevine. Newsletter of the Material Culture Forum. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Festival of American Folklife.” In American Folklore: An Encyclopedia, edited by Jan Brunvand. New York: Garland Press. . “Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies.” In American Folklore: An Encyclopedia, edited by Jan Brunvand. New York: Garland Press. . “Ralph Rinzler.” In American Folklore: An Encyclopedia, edited by Jan Brunvand. New York: Garland Press. . “Introductory Statements.” In Deeply Rooted, Broadly Shared. Durham: University of New Hampshire. . “From Smithsonian’s America to America’s Smithsonian.” Museum Anthropology 21(1):27—41. Special issue on National Narrative, edited by Geoff White. . “Director’s Talk Story.” Smithsonian Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997):2. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Director's Talk Story.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):2-3. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “The Festival of American Folklife: Culture, Dead or Alive?” In Festival of American Folklife Program Book, edited by Carla M. Borden, 8-1. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Maloney, Michael and Peter Seitel and Stephanie Smith. “Web News.” Smithsonian Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997):14. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. N’Diaye, Diana Baird. “African Immigrant Culture in Metropolitan Washington, D.C.: Building and Bridging Communities.” In Festival of American Folklife Program Book. edited by Carla M. Borden, 36-39. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. N’Diaye, Diana Baird, and Gilbert Ogunfiditimi and Frederick Ogunfiditimi. “Yoruba Naming Ceremony in Washington, D.C.” In Festzval of American Folklife Program Book, edited by Carla M. Borden, 44. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. N'Diaye, Diana Baird, and Ann Nosiri Olumba. “Local Radio and Local Populations: African Immigrants in Washington, D.C.” Cultural Survival Quarterly 20(4):51-54. Parker, Diana. “The Mississippi Delta.” Smithsonian Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997):1. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “1997 Festival in Review.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):3. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Friends of the Festival.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):7. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “The Festival of American Folklife and You.” In Festival of American Folklife Program Book, edited by Carla M. Borden, 8. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Place, Jeff. Compilation and liner notes to Lead Belly, Bourgeois Blues: The Lead Belly Legacy, Vol. 2 SF 40045. Place, Jeff, et al. Liner notes to Anthology of American Folk Music. SF 40090. Place, Jeff, and Guy Logsdon. Compilation and liner notes to Woody Guthrie, This Land is Your Land: The Asch Recordings, Vol. r. SF 40100. . Compilation and liner notes to Woody Guthrie. Muleskinner Blues: The Asch Recordings, Vol. 2 SF 40101. Reiniger, Arlene. “The Mississippi Delta.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):4. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Towa Folklife: A Learning Guide for Teachers, Students, and Senior Citizens.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):13. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Seeger, Anthony, guest editor. Cultural Survival Quarterly—Traditional Music in Community Life: Aspects of Performance, Recordings 20(4). . “Voices, Flutes and Shamans in the Amazonian Rain Forest.” In The Laura Boulton Lecture Series, edited by Thomas Vennum, 63-74 and audio examples on audio cassette. Phoenix: The Heard Museum. . “Traditional Music in Community Life: Aspects of Performance, Recordings, and Preservation,” an Introduction to the edited papers. Cultural Survival Quarterly 20(4):20-22. . “The Sound of Music: Suyd Song Structure and Experience.” Cultural Survival Quarterly 20(4):23-25. . “Ethnomusicology and Music Law” (reprint of 1991 article). In Bruce Ziff and Pratima V. Rao, Borrowed Power: Essays on Cultural Appropriation, 52-67. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. 163 . Compilation and liner notes to Smithsonian Folkways World Music Collection. SF 40471. . Review of Music Grooves, Essays and Dialogues, by Charles Keil and Steven Feld. American Anthropologist 99(3):660. . “Cantando os cangoes dos estrangeiros: Indios brasielrios e musica de derivacao portugessa no seculo xx/Singing the Stranger’s Songs: Indians and Music of Portuguese Derivation in the Twenueth Century.” In Portugal e 0 mundo—o encontro de culturas na musicalPortugal and the World—The Encounter of Cultures in Music, edited by Salwa El-Shawan Castelo-Branco, 475-507. Lisbon: Pubilicacoes Dom Quixote, Ltda. Seirel, Peter, editor. Liner notes to Anthology of American Folk Music. SF 40090. Vennum, Thomas, Jr. “Lacrosse.” In Encyclopedia of North American Indians, edited by Frederick Hoxie. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. , editor. Lavra Bolton Ethnomusicology Lectures. Phoenix: Heard Museum. . Das indianische Lacrosse-Spiel: der Kleine Bruder des Krieges. Ipstein, Germany: Baum Verlag. . “Indian Veteran Album Released.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12)(Fall 1997):9. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. , producer. American Warriors: Songs for Indian Veterans. Rykodisc RSD/RAC 10370. for the People video set. SF 48004. Vennum, Thomas, Jr., and Richard LaFernier. “Dressing for the Wisconsin Ojibwe Powwow: Embodying Community.” Cultural Survival Quarterly 20(4):45-50. Vidaurri, Cynthia and Olivia Cadaval. “La Cuenca del Rio Bravo/The Rio Grande River Basin Program.” Smithsonian Talk Story (11) (Spring 1997):6. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. . “Folklife Field Research Series.” Smithsonian Talk Story (12) (Fall 1997):13. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. Sound Recordings The Bahamas: Islands of Song. SF 40405. Close to Home, Old-Time Music from Mike Seeger’s Collection, 1952-1967. SF 40097. Cuba in Washington. SF 40461. Give Your Hands to Struggle. SF 40049. Woody Guthrie. This Land Is Your Land: The Asch Recordings, Vol. 1. SF 40100. . Muleskinner Blues: The Asch Recordings, Vol. 2 SF 40101. Lead Belly. Bourgeois Blues: The Lead Belly Legacy, Vol. 2, SF 40045. The New Lost City Ramblers. There Ain't No Way Out. SF 40098. 164 , producer. Wisconsin Powwow and Naamikaaged: Dancer Toshi Reagon. Kindness. SF 40095. Harry Smith, editor. Anthology of American Folk Music. SF 40090. Smithsonian Folkways World Music Collection. SF 40471. Songs of the Old Regular Baptists: Lined-Out Hymnody from Southeastern Kentucky. SF 40106. Voices of the Civil Rights Movement. SF 40084. Wade in the Water: African American Sacred Music Traditions. SF 40076. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Department of Public Programs Benezra, Neal. Directions: Juan Munoz. Washington, D.C.: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, 1997. Exhibition brochure. . “Extending His Reach.” In Miroslaw Balka: Selection, 51-66. Oslo: Museet for Samtidskunst, 1997. . “Thomas Schiitte: Ironic Outdoor Monuments,” Flash Art 3, no. 192 (January-February 1997):80—83. . Entries in The Art Institute of Chicago: Twentieth-Century Painting and Sculpture. New York: Hudson Hills Press, 1996. Fletcher, Valerie J. “Alberto Giacometti: A Modern Master.” In Alberto Giacometti, 11-42. Japan: Hiroshima Prefectural Art Museum, with Shizuoka Prefectural Museum of Art and Ashikaga Museum of Art, 1997. . “Julio Gonzalez: A Sculptor’s Drawings/Les Dessins d'un sculpteur/der Bildhauer und seine Zeichnungen.” In Julio Gonzdlez: Dessiner dans l'espace/Zeichnen im Raum, 54-63. Bern: Skira Editeur and Kunstmuseum Bern, 1997. The Hirshhorn Collects: Recent Acquisitions 1992-1996. Foreword by James T. Demetrion. Washington, D.C.: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, 1997. Exhibition catalog. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden:150 Works of Art. Foreword by James T. Demetrion. Contributions by Valerie J. Fletcher, Frank Gettings, Judith Zilczer, Phyllis Rosenzweig, Amada Cruz, and Anne-Louise Marquis. New York and Washington, D.C.: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in association with Harry N. Abrams, 1996. Kidd, Diane, and Maryanne Del Gigante. Family Guide. Original illustrations by Diane Kidd. Washington, D.C.: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, 1996. Lawrence, Sidney. “The Color of Art.” American Art I, no. 1 (Spring 1997):2—9. Condensed reprint, KOAN 5, no. 7 (April 1997):8—I0. Rosenzweig, Phyllis. Directions—Monochrome: Louise Lawler. Washington, D.C.: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, 1997. Exhibition brochure. . Directions: Rudolf Schwarzkogler. Washington, D.C.: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, 1996. Exhibition brochure. Viso, Olga M. “About Salcedo.” Biography of Doris Salcedo in David Moos, Atrabiliarios. Kansas: Edwin A. Ulrich Museum of Art, Wichita State University, 1997. Exhibition brochure. Excerpted from Neal Benezra and Olga M. Viso, Distemper: Dissonant Themes in the Art of the 19905. Washington, D.C.: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in association with D.A.P./Distributed Art Publishers, 1996. Exhibition catalog. . “Cultural Imposition: The Other Side of the Coin (Carlos Alfonzo as a Case History).” Art Papers 21, no. 2 (March-April 1997):16—21. . INTRANATURA. Baltimore: Baltimore School 33 Art Center, 1996. Exhibition brochure. Jeff Wall. Washington, D.C.: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, 1997. Exhibition brochure. . Sculpture Now 1996. Washington, D.C.: Washington Sculptors Group, 1996. Exhibition brochure. Zilezer, Judith. “Alfred Stieglitz.” Dictionary of Art. Vol. 29, pp. 654-57. London: Grove, 1996. . “The Armory Show.” Dictionary of Art. Vol. 2, p. 447. London: Grove, 1996. . Richard Lindner: Paintings and Watercolors, 1948-1977. Essay by Peter Selz and Chronology by Claudia Loyall. Munich: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in association with Prestel Verlag, 1996. Exhibition catalog. . Richard Lindner: Gemalde und Aquarelle. Essay by Peter Selz and Chronology by Claudia Loyall. Munich: Prestel Verlag, 1997. Exhibition catalog (German edition). . Richard Lindner: Paintings and Watercolors, 1948-1977. Washington, D.C.: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, 1996. Exhibition brochure. . “Richard Lindner’s Symbolic Universe.” American Art Review 9, no. 1 (January/February 1997):104—9. . “USA: XII. Patronage.” Dictionary of Art. Vol. 31, pp. 662-63. London: Grove, 1996. National Air and Space Museum Office of the Director Engen, Donald D. Wings and Warrriors: My Life as a Naval Aviator, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. Lopez, Donald S. Into the Teeth of the Tiger, reprinted as part of the History of Aviation Series, edited by Von Hardesty. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. Aeronautics Division Crouch, Tom. “Octave Chanute: Pioneer of Flight,” National Soaring Museum Historical Journal. (Vol. 18, No. 2, May 1997), pp-4-16. . “Octave and the Indiana Glider Trails of 1896,” AIAA Journal (May 1997, Vol. 35, No. 5) pp. 769-775. . “Capable of Flight: The Saga of the 1903 Wright airplane,” in Amy Henderson and A. Kaeppler, eds., Exhibiting Dilemmas: Issues of Representation at the Smithsonian. (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997) pp- 92-116. . “Local Son: John Joseph Montgomery and the Glider Trail of 1884,” Journal of the West (July 1997: vol. 36, No. 5) Pp. 21-29. . “Risky Business: Some Thoughts on Controversial Exhibitions,” Museum International (July-September 1997; No. 3), pp. 8-14. Davies, Ron. Airlines of Asia since 1920, London: Putnam, 1997. . Lindbergh, An Airman, His Aircraft, and his Great Flights, McLean, Virginia: Paladwr Press, 1997. . Airlines of Latin America Since 1919 McLean, Virginia: Paladwr Press, 1997. . TransBrasil: An Airline and its Aircraft. McLean, Virginia: Paladwr Press, 1997. . “Sixty Years in the Life of Revista Aerea: The Changes that Occurred in the Airlines of Latin America,” Revista Area. Jakab, Peter. Paperback edition, Vészons of a Flying Machine: The Wright Brothers and the Process of Invention. W/ashington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. . “Seeking Answers: The Wrights Build a Wind Tunnel.” Re-print of chapter 6, Visions of a Flying Machine: The Wright Brothers and the Process of Invention. Hagerstown, Ind.: Philip R. Belt, 1997. . “Otto Lilienthal: The Greatest of the Precursors.” AIAA Journal 35 (April 1997):601-07. . “Linking Theory and Practice: Theodore von K4rmén and the Formation of Modern Aerospace Engineering.” In The Martians: Hungarian Emigre Scientists and the Technology of Peace and War, 1919-1989. Edited by George Marx. Veszprém, Hungary: OOK-Press, 1997. . “Elmélet és Gyakorlat: Karman Tédor és a Modera Repiilési-Urkutatdsi Technika Kialakuldsa.” Fizikaz Szemle: Magyar Fizikai Folyéirat 67 (March 1997):85-87. . “Why Wilbur and Orville.” Chapter 9 in Readings in Technology and Civilization: Volume III, The Twentieth Century. Edited by William F. Trimble and James R. Hansen. New York: American Heritage Custom Publishing, 1997. Neufeld, Michael J., Editor. Planet Dora: A Memoir of the Holocaust and the Origins of the Space Age, by Yves Béon. “Mittelbau-Dora: Secret Weapons and Slave Labor.” Boulder, Co.: Westview Press, 1997. . Die Rakete und das Reich: Wernher von Braun, Peenemiinde und der Beginn des Raketenzeitalters (Berlin: 165 Brandenburgisches Verlagshaus, 1997), a revised German translation of The Rocket and the Reich. . “Heylandt’s Rocket Cars and the V-2: A Little Known Chapter in the History of Rocket Technology.” With Frank H. Winter. In History of Rocketry and Astronautics: Proceedings of the Twenty-Six History Symposium of the International Academy of Astronautics, ed. by Phillipe Jung (San Diego: Univelt, Inc., for the American Astronautical Society, 1997), 41-72. Pisano, Dominick. “Aerospace Industry,” Collier's Encyclopedia 1997 International Yearbook, 156-57. . “Collision Course” (The Demise of the National Air Races). Azr & Space Smithsonian, April/May 1997, 28-35. . “The Dawn Patrol and the World War I Air Combat Film Genre: An Exploration of American Values” in Hollywood's World War I: Motion Picture Images. ed. by Peter C. Rollins Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1997, 59-78. . Film review, The Wright Stuff, written, produced and directed by Nancy Porter Productions for The American Experience, 1996, in The Journal of American History, December 1997, 1169-1171. Center for Earth and Planetary Studies Bulmer, M.H., 1997. Comparisons of mass movements from modified domes on Venus to submarine volcaniclastic deposits on Earth. Int. Conf. Volcanic Activity and the Environment, IAVCEI, Mexico. p. 134. . Comparisons between mass movements on Venus associated with modified domes and those from escarpments. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXVII, 177-178, 1997. Campbell, B.A., Venus surface processes: Results from Magellan and questions for future exploration, Eastern Geophysical Society Mtng, 1997. . Comparison of radar and Clementine multispectral data for the lunar maria, LPSC XXVIII, 1997. Campbell, B.A., R.E. Arvidson, M.K. Shepard, and R. Brackett, Remote sensing of surface processes, in Venus II, 503-526, 1997. Campbell, B.A., B.R. Hawke, and T.W. Thompson. Long-wavelength radar studies of the lunar maria. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 19,307—19,320, 1997. Campbell, B.A., and M.K. Shepard. “Effect of Venus surface illumination on photographic image texture,” Geophys. Res. Letters, 24, 731-734, 1997. Cook, A.C., T.R. Watters, and M.S. Robinson. New Stereo Image Analysis of Mariner Io Images of Mercury, Vernadsky-Brown Microsymposium on Comparative Planetology 26, Moscow, Oct 13-17, 1997, pp. 26-27. Craddock, R.A., L.S. Crumpler, J.C. Aubele, and J.R. Zimbelman, Geology of Chryse Planitia and the Viking 1 landing site: Implications for the Mars Pathfinder mission, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, E2, 4161-4183, 1997. 166 Craddock, R.A., T.A. Maxwell, and A.D. Howard, Crater morphometry and modification in the Sinus Sabeus and Margaritifer Sinus regions of Mars, Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, E6, 13,321-13,340, 1997. Craddock, R.A., L.S. Eaton, C.J. Russo, and R.F. Torley, A new method for determining the emplacement mechanism(s) of rocks on Mars, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. XXVII, 263-264, 1997. Craddock, R.A., M.S. Robinson, B.R. Hawke, and A.S. McEwen, Clementine-based geology of the Moscoviense basin, lunar farside, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., X XVII, 265-266, 1997. Edgett, K.S., B.J. Butler, J.R. Zimbelman, and VE. Hamilton. Geologic context of the Mars radar “Stealth” ? region in southwestern Tharsis, J. Geophys. Res. (Planets), 102, E9, 21545-21568, 1997. Hanley, D., and J.R. Zimbelman Quantifying topographic control of lava flow emplacement: Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, Trans. Am Geophys. Union 78(17), $327, 1997. Jacobberger, P.A. “Color,” in Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences, ed. Rhodes W. Fairbridge and James H. Shirley, ist. ed. London; New York: Chapman and Hall, 1997, pp. 114-115. . “Landsat,” in Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences, ed. Rhodes W. Fairbridge and James H. Shirley, ist. ed., London; New York: Chapman and Hall, 1997, p.69o0. . “SPOT,” in Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences, ed. Rhodes W. Fairbridge and James H. Shirley, ist. ed., London; New York: Chapman and Hall, 1997, p. 690. Jacobberger, P.A. and Jellison, G.P 1997 “Remote Sensing,” in Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences, ed. Rhodes W. Fairbridge and James H. Shirley, 1st. ed. London; New York: Chapman and Hall, 1997, pp. 689-696. Johnston, A., Engle, F.C., and Bulmer, M.H., 1997. Topographic mapping of the Lloqueta River Basin, Peru. Submitted to the American Association of Geographers. Marchenko, A.G., A.T. Basilevsky, H. Hoffmann, G. Neukum, E. Hauber, and A.C. Cook, The Mouth of Ares and Tiu Valles, Mars: Geology and Crater Counting, Vernadsky-Brown Microsymposium on Comparative Planetology 26, Moscow, Oct 13-17, 1997, pp. 79-80. Margot, J.L., D.B. Campbell, B.A. Campbell, and B.J. Butler, Lunar dielectric constants for aperture synthesis polarimetry, LPSC XXVIII, 1997. Merenyi, E., A.S. McEwen, M.S. Robinson, and R.A. Craddock, Spectral mapping of Mare Moscoviense, lunar farside, from Clementine UVVIS data, Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., XX VII, 939-940, 1997. Pettengill, G.H., B.A. Campbell, D.B. Campbell, and R.A. Simpson, Surface scattering and dielectric properties, in Venus I, 527-546, 1997. Schenk, P., and Bulmer, M.H. Slope failures at Euboea Montes, Io. Lunar Planet. Sci. XX VII, 1245-1246, 1997. Watters, T.R.,and M.S. Robinson. Radar and Phoroclinometric Studies of Wrinkle Ridges on Mars, J. Geophys. Res. (Planets), v. 102, p. 10,889—10,903. Watters, T.R., M.S. Robinson, and A.C. Cook. Comparison of Discovery Rupes, Mercury with terrestrial thrust faults: New estimates of the decrease in radius of the planet due to global contraction, LPSC XXVIII, p. 1507-1508, 1997. . Topographic models for Discovery Rupes, Mercury using digital stereophotogrammetry and phoroclinometry, LPSC XXVIII, p. 1509-1510, 1997. Wells, G.L., and J.R. Zimbelman. Extraterrestrial arid surface processes, in Arid Zone Geomorphology: Process, Form and Change in Drylands, 2nd ed. (D.S.G. Thomas, ed.), pp. 659-690, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1997. Zimbelman, J., D. Crown, J. Grant, and D. Hooper. The Medusae Fossae Formation, Amazonis Planitia, Mars: Evaluation of proposed hypotheses of origin, Lunar and Planetary Science XXVIII, pp. 1623-1624, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, 1997. Zimbelman, J.R., and N. Bridges. Properties of venusian lava flows estimated from geologic mapping and terrestrial analogs, Geol. Soc. Am. Abs. Prog. 29(6), A138, 1997. Zimbelman, J.R., A-.K. Johnston, P.S. Russell, and C.G. Lovett (1997) Regional geologic setting of the Medusae Fossae Formation on Mars, Trans. Am Geophys. Union 78(46), F4u. Zimbelman, J.R., and S.H. Williams. Chemistry indicators of related sources for sand deposits in southeastern California and western Arizona, Am. Assoc. Geograph. 93rd Ann. Mrg. Abs., Ft. Worth, Texas., 300, 1997. Space History Division Ceruzzi, Paul. “Crossing the Divide: Architectural Issues and the Emergence of the Stored Program Computer, 1935-1955" IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 19, No. I, 1997. DeVorkin, David. “Astrophysics,” in Lankford, ed., Garland History of Astronomy. Garland, 1997, pp. 72-80. . “Henry Norris Russell,” “Meghnad Saha,” and “Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram.” In Lankford, ed. Garland History of Astronomy. Garland, 1977. . Book review of The Story of Astronomy, by Lloyd Motz and Jefferson Hane Weaver. New York: Plenum, 1995. American Scientist 85, 1997, pp. 182-183. Needell, Allan, Ronald E. Doel. “Science, Scientists, and the CIA: Balancing International Ideals, National Needs, and Professional Opportunities,” in Intelligence and National Security, Volume 12(1), pp. 59-81. Smith, Robert. “Engines of Discovery: Scientific Instruments and the History of Astronomy and Planetary Science in the United States in the Twentieth Century,” Journal for the History of Astronomy, 28, 1997, pp- 49-77- . Essays on “Modern Cosmology,” “Galaxies,” “The Discovery of Neptune,” “Lowell Observatory,” in John Lankford, ed. The Encyclopedia of the History of Astronomy. Garland, Winter, 1997. . “Goddard: A New Perspective of the Man and His Achievements,” Space Times (Springfield, VA), Volume 36, No. 2, March-April 1997, pp. 4-9. . “Black Betsy’: The 6000 C-4 Rocket Engine, 1945—1989—Part 2,” in J.D. Hunley, ed., History of Rocketry and Astronautics, AAS History Series, Volume 19, (Univelt Corporation for American Astronomical Society: San Diego, 1997), pp. 237-258. . “Out of the Past—An Aerospace Chronology,” with Frank R. van der Linden, appearing monthly since September 1972 in Astronautics & Aeronautics, New York, to December 1983, magazine entitled Aerospace America in January 1984, with continuation of column to present. . “William Hale and His Rockets,” Journal of the Ordnance Society, Volume 9, August 1997, pp. 19-26. . “Was Hermann Oberth the True Father of Spaceflight?” Ad Astra, Volume 8, Number 6, November-December 1996, PP- 40-42. . “Saturn V Reborn—A Giant Restoration,” Spaceflight (London), Volume 39, No. 4, April 1997, pp. 130-132. . “Saturn V Reborn—A Giant Restoration,” Journal of the British Interplanetary Society (London), Volume 50, 1997, Pp. 169-172. Smith, Robert, Michael J. Neufeld. “Heyland Rocket Cars and the V-2: A Little Known Chapter in the History of Space Technology,” History of Rocketry and Astronautics, Philippe Jung, ed., AAS History Series, Volume 21, IAA History Symposia, Volume 13, pp. 41-72 (Univelt Corporation for American Astronautical Society, San Diego, 1977. Archives Division Hagedorn, Daniel P. North American NA-16/AT-6/SNJ, WarBird Tech Series. Vol. 11, North Branch, MN: Specialty Press, 1997. . “The Pre-1946 U.S. Civil Register Project,” Skyways No. 42, (April 1997) pp. 54-61. Hagedorn, Daniel P. and Antonio L. Sapienza, Aircraft of the Chaco War 1928-1935, Atglen, PA; Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 1996. Bell, Dana. Ar Force Color, Pacific and Home Front, 1942-47, Vol. 3, Carrollton, TX: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1997. . “The First Fifty Years” Air Forces Monthly, United Kingdom: Key Publishing, 1997. National Museum of African Art Chaffers, Pedra. Lukasas: Luba Memory Boards, Guide and Family Activities. [gallery guide} Washington, D.C.: National Museum of African Art, 1996. Farrar Fortune, Leasa. Adinkra: The Cloth That Speaks. {gallery guide} Washington, D.C.: National Museum of African Art, 1997. 167 Geary, Christraud M. “Early Images from Benin at the National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution.” African Arts, Sammer 1997. . “Bamileke and Related Peoples.” In The Dictionary of Art. Jane Turner (ed.), London: MacMillan Publishers. Vol. 3, PP- 145-149, 1996. . “Ethnographic Photography.” (with Joanna Scherer). In The Dictionary of Art. Jane Turner (ed.), London: MacMillan Publishers. Vol. 10. pp. 578-580, 1996. . “Africa (ii) Funerary.” In The Dictionary of Art. Jane Turner (ed.), London, MacMillan Publishers. Vol. 1, PP. 257-260, 1996. . “Pratica fotografica in Africa: Fotografie storica e problemi di contestualizzatione.” Archivio Fotografico Toscano. Vol. 10, no. 21. pp. 38-51, 1995. . Review of Frank L. Lambrecht: Pawa. A Memoir from the Belgian Congo, 1945-1949. Santa Barbara: Everbest Printing Company, 1994. In: African Arts. Vol. 29, No. 4. pp- 89-90, 1996. Mellor, Steve. “Conservation Laboratory Overview, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution.” ICOM Ethnographic Conservation Newsletter. 13:5-6, 1996. . Session statement: “Conservation and Cultural Context. College Art Association Annual Meeting Preprints, 1997. Mellor, Steve, Madeleine Hexter and Dana Moffett. “The Media of African Art: An Ongoing Investigation.” Abstracts of papers presented at the eighteenth annual meeting, Richmond, VA. Washington, D.C.: American Institute for Conservation, 1997. Moffett, Dana. “Wax Coatings on Ethnographic Metal Objects: Justifications for Allowing a Tradition to Wane.” Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 35:17, 1996. Ravenhill, Philip. “Africa. Art and Aesthetics.” [Overview essay on approaches to figurative art in Africa} In The Dictionary of Art. Jane Turner (ed.). London: MacMillan Publishers. Vol 1, pp. 230-235, 1996. . “Baule.” [Overview essay on Baule arts} In The Dictionary of Art. Jane Turner (ed.). London: MacMillan Publishers. Vol. 3, pp. 404-409, 1996. . “Céte d'Ivoire.” [Overview essay on the arts, collecting, and history of museum exhibitions in Cére d'Ivoire] In The Dictionary of Art. Jane Turner (ed). London: MacMillan Publishers. Vol. 8 pp. 21-24, 1996. . “Africa (ii) Funerary.” In The Dictionary of Art. Jane Turner (ed.). London: MacMillan Publishers. Vol. 1, pp. 257-260, 1996. Walker, Roslyn Adele. “Howardena Pindell.” In Sz. James Guide to Black Artists. Thomas Riggs (ed.), Detroit: St. James Press in association with the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, pp. 418-420, 1997. 168 National Museum of American History Office of Curatorial Affairs Bunch, Lonnie, and William Yeingst. “Curating the Recent Past: The Woolworth Lunch Counter, Greensboro, North Carolina.” In Exhibiting Dilemmas: Issues of Representation at the Smithsonian, edited by Amy Henderson and Adrienne L. Kaeppler. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. Department of History Archives Center Fleckner, John. “Reaching the Mass Audience: Business History as Popular History.” In The Records of American Business, edited by James O'Toole. Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 1997. Haberstich, David E. “Barbara Beirne’s Women of Southern Appalachia.” In Now and Then. Johnson City, TN: Center for Appalachian Studies and Services, East Tennessee State University, 1997. Ruffins, Fath. “Culture Wars Won and Lost: Ethnic Museums on the Mall: The Holocaust Memorial Museum and the National Museum of the American Indian.” Radzcal History Review 68 (Spring 1997). Ruffins, Fath, and Paul Ruffins. “Recovering Yesterday.” Black Issues in Higher Education 13 (February 2, 1997). Division of Cultural History Bowers, Dwight. “A Conversation with Harold Prince.” Oral history, 1997. . Red, Hot and Blue—A Songbook of the American Musical. New York: Universe/Rizzoli, 1997. . Star-Spangled Rhythm: Voices of Broadway and Hollywood. Smithsonian Collection of Recordings, 1997. Green, Rayna. “Down Home In the City: A Store Bought Remembrance.” Wine, Food and the Arts, II: Works Gathered By the American Institute of Wine and Food. San Francisco: AIWF and Swan's Island Books, 1997. Hasse, John Edward, comp. and ed. Music of the River: A Companion for Steamboaters, New Orleans: The Delta Queen Steamboat Company, 1997. Hughes, Ellen Roney. “The Unstifled Muse: The ‘All in the Family Exhibit’ and Popular Culture at the National Museum of American History.” In Exhibiting Dilemmas: Issues of Representation at the Smithsonian, edited by Amy Henderson and Adrienne L. Kaeppler. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. Perez, Marvette Perez, and Lassalle Yvonne. “‘Virtually’ Puerto Rican: ‘Dis’-Locating Puerto Rican-ness and its Privileged Sites of Production.” Radical History Review 68 (Spring 1997). Rand, Harry. “Art Buyer Fights Holocaust Heirs.” Boston Sunday Globe (May 18, 1997). . Book review. The Art Bulletin 79 (June 1997). . “Gorky’s Waterfalls.” Art News (November 1997). . “Letter: They're Twins of the Zodiac: The Ain Ghazal Figures.” Brble Review 23 (1997). . “Motherwell Lleva al Museo Reina Sofia.” E/ Pass (March 3, 1997). . “The Potential of Scripture’s Images: From Genesis to Abstract Expressionism.” Re/igzon and the Arts 1 (Summer 1997). Shayt, David. “Keeping Time in Guyana.” Americas 49 (Nov—Dec 1997). Zimmerman, James K., Producer, and Kenneth R. Kimery, Associate Producer. The Smithsonian Jazz Masterworks Orchestra: Big Band Treasures Live. Smithsonian Collection of Recordings, 1997. Compact disk. Division of the History of Technology Hacker, Barton. “The Martians’ New Milieu: The Restructuring of American Military R&D.” In The Martians: Hungarian Emigré Scientists and the Technology of War and Peace, edited by George Marx, et al. Budapest: Eoétvés University, 1997. Hungarian translation published in Fizikat Szemle 47 (March 1997). . “Nuclear-powered Flight.” In Technology and the Air Force: A Retrospective Assessment, edited by Jacob Neufeld, George M. Watson, Jr., and David Chenoweth. Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program, 1997. Hacker, Barton C., George Marx, Sybil Francis, and Gabor Pall6, eds. The Martians: Hungarian Emigré Scientists and the Technology of War and Peace. Budapest: Eétvés University, 1997. Johnson, Paula. The Workboats of Smith Island. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997. White, Roger B. “The Controversial Parking Meter.” Antique Axtomobile (January-February 1997). Division of Information Technology And Society Forman, Paul. “Recent Science: Late-modern and Post-modern.” In The Historiography of Contemporary Science and Technology, edited by Thomas Soderqvist. London and Chur: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1997. . Book review. Science 276 (1997). Harris, Elizabeth. American Patent Models in the Graphic Arts Collection. Washington, D.C.: National Museum of American History, 1997. Kidwell, Peggy. Reviews in The Annals of the History of Computing. 1997. Mudd, Douglas. Russian Coins and Medals. 1997. Webpage. Nelson, Stan. “The Common Press.” Hall of Graphics, National Museum of American History, Hall of Graphic Arts, 1997. Video. Wallace, Hal. Wallace Station and the Creation of An American Space Program, NASA. 1997. Wright, Helena. “The Exhibition Program.” In Clio in Museum Garb: The National Museum of American History. The Sczence Museum, and History of Technology. London: National Museum of Science and Industry, 1997. Division of Science, Medicine, and Society Chelnick, Judy M. “From Stethoscopes to Artificial Heart.” In “150 Years of Collecting Medical History at the Smithsonian Institution.” Caduceus: A Humanities Journal for Medicine and the Health Sciences 13 (Winter 1997). Gossel, Patricia Peck. “Public Health Collections” and “Laboratory Apparatus.” In “150 Years of Collecting Medical History at the Smithsonian Institution.” Caduceus: A Humanities Journal for Medicine and the Health Sciences 13 (Winter 1997). Kondratas, Ramunas, ed. “150 Years of Collecting Medical History at the Smithsonian Institution.” Caduceus: A Humanities Journal for Medicine and the Health Sciences 13 (Winter 1997). . “Medical Imaging” and “Scientific Medicines.” In “150 Years of Collecting Medical History at the Smithsonian Institution” Caduceus: A Humanities Journal for Medicine and the Health Sciences 13 (Winter 1997). Sharrer, G. Terry. “Theobald Smith.” In Doctors, Nurses and Practitioners: A Biographical Dictionary, edited by Lois N. Magner. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997. . “Molecular Medicine: Collecting A Revolution in Progress.” In “150 Years of Collecting Medical History at the Smithsonian Institution.” Caduceus: A Humanities Journal for Medicine and the Health Sciences 13 (Winter 1997). Turner, Steven. “Demonstrating Harmony: Some of the Many Devices Used to Produce Lissajous Curves Before the Oscilloscope.” Rittenhouse 1. Wendt, Diane L., and Eric W. Jentsch. “The Pharmacy Collections.” In “150 Years of Collecting Medical History at the Smithsonian Institution.” Caduceus: A Humanities Journal for Medicine and the Health Sciences 13 (Winter 1997). Division of Social History Foote, Shelly, Stephen T. Rogers, Douglas W. Owlsey and Robert W. Mann. “The Man in the Cast Iron Coffin: A Tale of Historic and Forensic Investigation.” The Tennessee Anthropologist (Fall 1997). Kidwell, Claudia Brush. “Are those Clothes Real? Transforming the Way Eighteenth-Century Portraits are Studied.” Dress 24 (1997). Taylor, Lonn. “Wonderful Things: Artifact and Argument in the Brooklyn Museum’s ‘Converging Cultures’.” American Quarterly 49 (March 1997). Yeingst, William, and Lonnie Bunch. “Curating the Recent Past: The Woolworth Lunch Counter, Greensboro, North Carolina.” In Exhibiting Dilemmas: Issues of Representation at the Smithsonian, edited by Amy Henderson and Adrienne L. 169 Kaeppler. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. National Museum of the American Indian Arellano, Carmen. Die Biicher der Maya. Mixteken und Azteken. Die Schrift und ihre Funktion in vorspanischen und kolonialen Codices. Carmen Arellano and Peer Schmidt (Eds.). Eichstatt/Frankfurt: Vervuert 1997 (Ist Edition). . “Der Schreiber und seine Schreibutensilien in Mesoamerika. Zur Stellung des Schreibers vor und nach der Ankunft der Europier.” In Dze Bucher der Maya. Mixteken und Azteken. Die Schrift und ibre Funktion in vorspanischen und holonialen Codices. Carmen Arellano and Peer Schmidt (Eds.), pp. 187-220. Eichstatt/Frankfurt: Vervuert 1997. . “Kosmovisionen pragten die Politik.” In Agora. No. 2, pp. 45-49. Eichstatt 1997. . “New Thoughts on the Preservation of Bronzes.” Anatolian Archaeological Studies V1, Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan (Tokyo:1997):301I-307. Arellano, Carmen, and Nikolai Grube. “Schrift und Schriftlichkeit in Mesoamerika und im Andengebiet: Ein Vergleich.” In Die Bucher der Maya, Mixteken und Azteken. Die Schrift und ihre Funktion in vorspanischen und kolonialen Codices. Carmen Arellano and Peer Schmidt (Eds.), pp. 27-58. Eichstatt/Frankfurt: Vervuert 1997. Arellano, Carmen, and Peer Schmid. “Einleitung.” In Dze Bucher der Maya, Mixteken und Azteken. Die Schrift und thre Funktion in vorspanischen und kolonialen Codtces. Carmen Arellano and Peer Schmidt (Eds.), pp. 12-24. Eichstatt/Frankfurt: Vervuert 1997. Heth, Charlotte, George P. Horse Capture, Ramiro Matos, et al. Stories of the People: Native American Voices. Copublished by NMAI and Universe Publishing, 1997. Kalafatic, Carol. “Knots.” In William S. Penn, ed. As We Are Now: Mixblood Essays on Race and Ethnicity. University of California Press, 1997. . Speech to sist National Conference of the National Trust for Historic Preservation, 1998. Transcript published in the Journal of the National Trust for Historic Preservation 12, no. 2 (Winter 1997):II. . “A Native American View of History and Place.” History News 52, no. 1 (Winter 1997):22—24. . “Beyond Repatriation (Or How the ‘Other? Became the ‘We’).” Historic Nantucket 44, no. 3 (Winter 1996). . “Zwischen Exotik und Armutsvorstellungen der Dritte-Welt. Interkulturelle Perzeption bei einer Dorfpartnerschaft, Illingen (Deutschland) und Palca/Tarma (Peru).” In Transatlantische Perzeptionen: Lateinamerika Exropa USA in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Hans-Joachim 170 K@6nig and Stefan Rinke (Eds.), pp. 367-388. (Historamericana, vol. 6). Stuttgart 1998. . “Asentamientos inka en Chakamarka y Tarmatambo (Dpto. de Junin): Problemas y criterios de interpretacién para la reconstruccién de una provincia inka.” In I Encuentro Internacional de Peruanistas. Estado de los Estudios Histérico- sociales sobre el Pert a fines del siglo XX, tomo 1, pp. 181-193. Universidad de Lima, Unesco, Fondo de Cultura Econémica. Lima 1998 (Co-Authors: Ramiro Matos, David Brown). . “Alemania-Latinoamérica. Un modelo de entrenamiento intercultural.” In International Communication in Business: Theory and Practice. edited by Robert Gibson, pp. 195-202. (European Network for Communication, Development in Business and Education). Sternenfels; Berlin: Verlag Wissenschaft und Praxis, 1998 (Co-Author: Adriana Spadoni). . “Hanan / Urin: Reflexiones acerca de un concepto dual inka y su aplicacion en el Chinchaysuyu.” In s0 Avtos de Estudios Americanistas en la Universidad de Bonn. Nuevas contribuciones a la arqueologta, etnohistoria, etnolingiistica y etnografia de las Américas. Sabine Dedenbach, Carmen Arellano, Eva Konig and Heiko Priimers (eds.), pp. 473-493. (Bonner Amerikanistische Studien, 30). Markt Schwaben: Verlag Sauerwein 1998. . 50 Anos de Estudios Americanistas en la Universidad de Bonn. Nuevas constribuciones a la arqueologia, etnohistoria, etnolinguistica y etnografia de las Américas. Sabine Dedenbach, Carmen Arellano, Eva Konig and Heiko Priimers (eds.). (Bonner Amerikanistische Studien, 30). Markt Schwaben: Verlag Sauerwein 1998. . “Los Inkas en la sierra central del Peri. Balance critico desde la perspectiva etnohistérica.” Actas del Simposto Arq 16: “Los Inkas: Avances arqueolégicos, etnohistéricos e iconograficos”, 490. Congreso Internacional de Americanistas (Quito, 7-11 de julio de 1997). Carmen Arellano and Laura Laurencich Minelli (eds.). In Tzwantinsuyu, No. 5 (special issue). Canberra 1998. . “Introduccién.” Actas del Simposio Arg 16: “Los Inkas: Avances arqueolégicos, etnohistoricos e iconogrdficos”, 490. Congreso Internacional de Americanistas (Quito, 7—11 de julio de 1997). Carmen Arellano and Laura Laurencich Minelli (eds.). In Tawantinsuyu, No. 5 (special issue). Canberra 1998 (Co-Author: Laura Laurencich Minelli). . Actas del Simposio Arq 16: “Los Inkas: Avances arqueolégicos, etnohistéricos e iconogrdficos”, 490. Congreso Internacional de Americanistas (Quito, 7-1 de julio de 1997). Carmen Arellano and Laura Laurencich Minelli (eds.). In Tawantinsuyu, No. 5 (special issue). Canberra 1998. Carroll, S. “Temporary Protection of a Tel Site Excavation in Central Turkey.” Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 2, no. 3, James and James Publishing Ltd. (London, 1998):155—162. de Montafio, Marty Kreipe. Coyote in Love with a Star. Tales of the People series for children, National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution. Co-published by NMAlT and Abbeville Press, 1998. Ganteaume, Cécile R. “Western Apache Tailored Deer Hide Shirts: Their Resemblance to Full Dress Coats Worn by Officers in the U.S. Army and Possible Meaning.” American Indian Art Magazine (1998):44—55;104. Johnson, Tim, ed. Spirit Capture: Photographs from the National Museum of the American Indian. Copublished by NMAI and Smithsonian Institution Press, 1998. . “Keepers of the Power: Story as Covenant in the Films of Loretta Todd, Shelley Niro and Christine Welsh.” In Kay Armatage, et al., eds. Gendering the Nation: Canadian Women's Cinema. University of Toronto Press, 1998. Kaminitz, Marian. “Cultural Partnerships at the National Museum of the American Indian.” In Critical Issues in the Conservation of Ethnographic Materials, CAC Workshop, 1998, Canadian Association for Conservation of Cultural Property. Kaplan, Emily, et al. “Analisis tecnico de geros pintados de los Periodos Inca y Colonial.” Iconos, no. 2 (July-December 1999):30—38. (Journal published by Yachay Wasi, Instituto Superior de Conservacion, Restauracion y Turismo, Lima, Peru.) Medicine Crow, Joseph. Brave Wolf and the Thunderbird. Tales of the People series for children, National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution. Copublished by NMAI and Abbeville Press, 1998. Rapkievian, Carolyn. “Interpreting Native Cultures from the Native Perspective.” Paper presented at conference on “Communication and Museography for the 21st Century” in Madrid, Spain, 4-7 May 1998, and published as part of conference proceedings by host, Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture. West, W. Richard. Speech to Smithsonian Institution Conference at the Louvre, 14 January 1998. Transcript published in Connaissance Des Artes (July 1998):66—73. National Museum of Natural History Office of the Director Bannikov, A.F. and J.C. Tyler. 1997. First discovery of a porcupinefish (Tetraodontiformes) in the Eocene of the North Caucasus. Paleo. Jour. (Moscow), 31(6):648—652, 2 figs. Gilbert, G.R. and J.C. Tyler. 1997. Apogon robbyi, a new cardinalfish (Perciformes: Apogonidae) from the Caribbean Sea. Bull. Marine Sci. (Univ. Miami), 60(3):764-781, 5 figs. Matsuura, K. and Tyler J.C. 1997. Résutats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Tetraodontiform fishes, mostly free from deep waters, of New Caledonia. Mém. Us. Natn. Hist. Nat., (A) 174:173-208, 27 figs. Tyler, J.C. 1997. New species of Paratriacanthodes spikefish (Triacanthodidae: Tetraodontiformes) from the South China Sea. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 110(2):3110—313, I fig. . 1997. The Miocene fish Marosichthys, a putative tetraodontiform, actually a perciform surgeon fish (Acanthuridae) related to the recent Naso. Beaufortia (Univ. Amsterdam), 47(1):I-Io, 6 figs. Tyler, J.C. and A.F. Bannikov. 1997. Relationships of the fossil and recent genera of rabbitfishes (Acanthuroidei: Siganidae). Smithsonian Contrib. Paleo.. 84:1-35, 21 figs. Tyler J.C., and D.M. Tyler. 1997. A new species of chaenopsid fish, Emblemartopsis ruetzler7. from the western Caribbean Off Belize (Blennioidei). Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, I10(1):24-38, 6 figs. Department of Anthropology Archambault, J. 1996 Anthropology and Indians. Encyclopedia of North American Indians, (Fred Hoxie, ed.) New York: Houghton Mifflin Co. . 1996 Beads and Beadwork. Encyclopedia of North American Indians, (Fred Hoxie, ed.) New York: Houghton Mifflin Co. . 1996 Pan-Indian Organizations. Encyclopedia of North American Indians, (Fred Hoxie, ed.) New York: Houghton Mifflin Co. Archambault, J. and Sturtevant, W.C. 1996 I50 Years of Native American Research at the Smithsonian. Anthro Notes 18 (3):8—11. . 1996 Museums and Collectors. Encyclopedia of North American Indians, (Fred Hoxie, ed.) New York: Houghton Mifflin Co. Behrensmeyer, A.K., N.E. Todd, R. Potts, and G.E. McBrinn 1997 Late Pliocene faunal turnover in the Turkana Basin, Kenya and Ethiopia. Sczence 278:1589-1594. Damuth, J., A.K. Behrensmeyer, W.A. DiMichele, C. Labandeira, R. Potts, and S.L. Wing ETE Database Manual, Second Edition, ETE Consortium, Washington, D.C., 250 pp. Dequeker, J., D. J. Ortner, A. I. Stix, X. G. Cheng, P. Brys, and S. Boonen 1997 Hip fracture and osteoporosis in a XUIth Dynasty female skeleton from Lisht, Upper Egypt. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 12:881—-888. Ficzhugh, W. W. 1997 Ambassadors in Sealskins: Exhibiting Eskimos at the Smithsonian. In Exhzbiting Dilemmas: Issues of Representation at the Smithsonian (Amy Henderson and Adrienne Kaeppler, eds.) Washington: Smithsonian Press pp. 206-245. . 1996 Early Contact and Acculturation in the North: Native America and the Global System. In Transferts culturels et métissages Amérique/Europe XVI-XX szécle. (Laurier Turgeon, ed.) Les Presses de l'Universite Laval, pp. 93-104. . 1996 Jesup II: Anthropology of the North Pacific. Northern Notes (Deborah Robinson, ed.) Dartmouth College, pp. 41-62. 171 . 1997 Global Culture Change: New Views of Circumpolar Lands and Peoples. Anthro Notes 19(1):1-8 . Fitzhugh, W.W., S: Loring, A. Crowell and I. Krupnik 1996 Smithsonian Institution. In Arctic Research of the United States Vol 10 pp. 100-106. Frolich, B., H. Hjalgrim, J. Littleton, Neils Lynnerup, B. Sejrsen 1997 Skeletfundene fra Skt. Peders sognekirkegard i Randers in KUML 1993-94, Jysk Arkaeologisk selskab, pp. 277-288. Goddard, I. 1996 [1997] Introduction. Handbook of North American Indians Vol. 17, Languages. (Ives Goddard, ed.) Washington: Smithsonian Institution. pp.I-16. . 1996 [1997] The Description of the Native Languages of North America Before Boas. Handbook of North American Indians Vol. 17, Languages. (Ives Goddard, ed.) Washington: Smithsonian Institution pp. 17-22. . 1996 [1997] The Classification of the Native Languages of North America. Handbook of North American Indians Vol. 17, Languages. (Ives Goddard, ed.) Washington: Smithsonian Institution pp. 290-323. . 1996 [1997] comp. Native Languages and Language Families of North America (Map) Handbook of North American Indians Vol. 17, Languages. (Ives Goddard, ed.) Washington: Smithsonian Institution, in pocket. . 1996 [1997] Vol. Ed. Handbook of North American Indians Vol. 17, Languages. Washington: Smithsonian Institution. . 1997 Harrington, John Peabody. Lexicon Grammaticorum: Who's Who in the History of World Linguistics (Harro Stammerjohann, ed.) Tubingen: Max Niemeyer. . 1997 Michelson Truman. Lexzcon Grammaticorum: Who's Who in the History of World Linguistics (Harro Stammerjohann, ed.) Tubingen: Max Niemeyer. . 1997 Pidgin Delaware. Contact Languages: A Wider Perspective (Sarah G. Thomason, ed.) Amsterdam: Benjamins pp. 43-98. . 1997 Review of John Bierhorst, Mythology of the Lenape: Guide and Texts (Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1995). Anthropos 92 1/3:217-218. Greene, Candace. 1997 Southern Plains Graphic Art Before the Reservation. American Indian Art Magazine 22(3):44-55. . 1996 Structure and Meaning in Cheyenne Ledger Art. In Plains Drawings 1865-1935: Pages from a Visual History. J. Berlo, ed.) New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. Pp.26—33 plus various catalog entries. . 1996 Exploring the Three “Little Bluffs” of the Kiowa. Plains Anthropologist 41(157):221-242. Kaeppler, A. L. 1996 Dance. Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology New York: Henry Hold and Company Vol. 1. PP- 309-313. . 1996 The Look of Music, the Sound of Dance, Music as a Visual Art. Viswal Anthropology Vol. 8 pp. 133-153- . 1996 Ritual, Theater, and Spectacle for Gods and Mortals; The Body as Process and Product in Learning and 172 Conveying Classical Japanese and Hawaiian Dance. Is Technology the Future for Dance? Canberra: Ausdance pp. 75-83. . 1996 “Hawaiian Art” and “Tongan Art” in Dictionary of Art. London: MacMillan. . 1996 The Investiture of ‘Uluk~lala: A Moment in History. In Oceanic Culture History: Essays in Honor of Roger Green, (J.M Davidson, G. Irwin. B.F. Leach, A. Pawley, and D. Brown, eds.) New Zealand Journal of Archaeology Special Publication, pp. 475-489. . 1996 The Great Stone Adze in the Smithsonian Institution:History and Provenance. Rapa Nui Journal 10(4):89—92. . 1996 Introduction and Co-Editor (with Amy Henderson) Exhibiting Dilemmas. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. . 1997 From the Temple to the Festival Stage: Pacific Festivals as Modern Rituals. New Dance from Old Cultures. Canberra: Australian Dance Council, pp. 15-20. . 1997 La vie sociale d'un masque des iles Mortlock. (The Social Life of a Mortlock Island Mask). Océanie Curieux, Navigateurs et Savants. Paris: Somogy Editions d'art. Pp. 196-201. . 1997 Reprint of Structured Movement Systems in Tonga, 1985, in Anthropology and Human Movement: The Study of Dances, (Drid Williams, ed.) Lanham, Md., and London: Scarecrow Press, pp. 87-119. Kaeppler, A., C. Kaufmann, and D. Newton 1997 Oceanic Art New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. [English version of L'Art Océanien}. pp. 633, 900 illustrations. Kaupp, P.A. 1997 Kennewick Man: A Teacher For All Ages. Anthro Notes 19(3) Fall pp.7-8. Kaupp, P.A. ed. et al. 1996 Anthro Notes Vol. 19 Nos. 1-3. Washington: Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution. King, J.A., and D.H. Ubelaker (eds.) 1996 Living and Dying on the 17th Century Patuxent Frontier Crownsville, MD: The Maryland Historical Trust Press. Krupnik, I. (ed.) 1996 Perekrestki Rontinentov Kul'tury korennykh narodov Dal’nego Vostoka I Aliaski Russian language edition of Crossroads of Alaska Native Cultures of Alaska and Siberia (V. Chaussonet ed.) Arctic Studies Center, Washington, D.C. 1995. . 1996 Aleksandr Pika (1951-1995). Arctic Anthropology 33(1):155—156. Krupnik, I. 1996 Bogoras Enigma Bounds of culture and formats of anthropolgists. In Grasping the Changing World Anthropological Concepts in the Postmodern Era, V. Hubinger (ed.) London and New York: Routledge pp. 35-52. . 1996 How to Use “The Book (of Fathers)” Introduction. In Kniga otsov {The Book of Fathers: Data of the Russian Polar Census of 1926/1927 0n the Yamal Peninsula}, S. Lezova (comp.) Tobol’sk and Salekhard, pp. III—VIII. - (Comp.) 1996 Materials in Chukchi Ethnography Traditional Culture, Economy and Social Life [Educational Materials} Smithsonian Institution. . 1996 Northern People, Southern Records: the Yamal Nenets in Russian Population Counts, 1695-1989. In Northern People, Southern States: Maintaining Ethnicities in the Circumpolar World, (R. Wheelersburg ed.) Umea: CERUM, pp. 67-92. Krupnik, I., and William Fitzhugh 1996 Richard Guy Condon (1952-1995) Erudes/Inuit/Studies 19(2):101-103. Krupnik, I., and N. Vakhtin 1996 Indigenous Knowledge in Modern Culture: Siberian Yupik Ecological Legacy in Transition. In Arctic Anthropology. 34(1):236—-252. Loring, Stephen. 1996 William Brooks Cabot. In Lobsticks and Stone Cairns: Human Landmarks in the Arctic Richard C. Davis, ed. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, Pp. 276-279. . 1996 Community Anthropology at the Smithsonian. In American Anthropological Association Newsletter 37(7):23-24- . 1996 To please the animal master: the Innu hunung way of life trzbal college. 7(4):20—-23. Manhein, M.H., G. Listi, E. Barrow, R. Barsley, R. Musselman, and D.H. Ubelaker 1997 New Database for In-vivo Tissue Depth Measurements (abstract). Proceedings, American Academy of Forensic Sciences 111:154. Meggers, B.J. 1996 Possible Impact of Mega-Nifio Events on Precolumbian Populations in the Caribbean Area. In Primer Seminario de Arqueologia del Caribe (Marcio Veloz Maggiolo and Angel Caba Fuentes, eds.) Washington: Organization of American States pp. 156-176. . 1996 Tropical Forest Environments and Archeology: A View From Amazonia. In Procceedings of the New World Congress on Rescue Archaeology, Environment and Archaeology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, December 6—12, 1992 (A.G. Pantel, K.A. Schneider, and L. Loyola-Black, eds.) Organization of American States, pp. 208-222. . 1997 La Amazonia en visperas del contacto europeo: Perspectivas etnohist6ricas, ecdlogicas y antropologicas. In Arqueologia, Antropologta e Historia en los Andes, Papers in honor of Maria Rostworowski (Rafael Varon Gabai and Javier Fores Espinoza, eds.) Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Pp. 93-113. . 1997 The Transpacific Origin of Mesoamerican Civilization: a Preliminary Review of the Evidence and Its Theoretical Implications. In Neara Journal 31(1):6—-25. Merrill, W.L. 1997 Ralamuli Alawala. Chihuahua: Coordinacién Estatal de la Tarahumara. . 1997 Identity Transformation in Colonial Northern Mexico. Anthro Notes 19(2):1-8 . . 1997 Review of The New Latin American Mission History. (Erick Langer and Robert H. Jackson, eds). Ethnohistory 44:568-569. Merrill, W.L., and R.E. Ahlborn 1997 Zuni Archangels and Ahayu:da: A Sculpted Chronicle of Power and Identity. In Exhibiting Dilemmas: Issues of Representation at the Smithsonian (Amy Henderson and Adrienne Kaeppler, eds). Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 176-205. Merrill, W.L., M.K. Hansson, C.S. Greene, and EJ. Reuss 1997 A Guide to the Kiowa Collections at the Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology No. 40. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. Merrill, W. L., and M. Heras Quezada. 1997 Rarémuri Personhood and Erhnicity: Another Perspective. American Ethnologist 24:302-306. Ortner, D. J. and M. F. Erickson. 1997 Bone Changes in the human skull probably resulting from scurvy in infancy and childhood. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 7:212-220. Owsley, D.W. 1996 Forensic Anthropology and Bioarcheology at the Smithsonian Institution. Cultural Resource Management 19(10):21-24. . 1997 Introduction: New Perspectives on the Past. In In Remembrance Archeology and Death (David A. Poirer and Nicholas F. Bellantoni, eds). Westport Connecticut: Bergin and Garvey. Owsley, D. W. and K. L. Bruwelheide. 1996 Bioarcheological Research in Northeastern Colorado, Northern Kansas, Nebraska, and South Dakota. In Archeology and Paleoecology of the Central Great Plains. Arkansas Archeological Survey Research Series No. 48 (Jack L. Hoffman, ed.) Triservices Cultural Resources Research Center Special Report 97/3 PP. 150-202. Owsley, D.W., B.B. Ellwood, and M.L. Richardson. 1997 Locating and Excavating Historic Burials. In I” Remembrance Archeology and Death (David A. Poirer and Nicholas F. Bellantoni, eds.) Westport Connecticut: Bergin and Garvey, pp. 201-217. Owsley, D.W., D. Strinovic, M. Slaus, D.D. Kollmann and M. L. Richardson. 1996 Recovery and Identification of Civilian Victims of War in Croatia. Cultural Resource Management 19(10):33-36. Pollanen, M.S., and D.H. Ubelaker. 1997 Forensic Significance of the Polymorphism of Hyoid Bone Shape. Journal of Forensic Sciences 42(5):890-892. Potts, R. 1997 Humanity’s Descent: The Consequences of Ecological Instability. Paperback edition, New York: Avon. Potts, R., T. Jorstad, and D. Cole 1996 The role of GIS in interdisciplinary investigations at Olorgesailie, Kenya, a pleistocene archeological locality. In Axthropology, Space and Geographic Information Systems, (M. Aldenderfer and H.D.G. Maschner eds.) New York: Oxford University Press, Pp. 202—213. Rogers, J.D. 1997 Review of The Spiro Ceremonial Center: The Archaeology of Arkansas Valley Caddoan Culture in Eastern Oklahoma, by James A. Brown. Journal of Anthropological Research 480-481. . 1997 Review of Beyond Subsistence: Plains Archaeology and the Postprocessual Critique. (Philip Duke and Michael C. Wilson eds.) American Antiquity 62:159-160. Scherer, J.C. 1996 Foreword to Crow Indian Photographer: The Work of Richard Throssel by Peggy Albright. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. 173 . 1997 A Preponderance of Evidence: The 1853 Omaha Indian Delegation Daguerroeotypes Recovered. In Nebraska History, 78(3):116—121. . 1997 tech. cnslt., Heart of the Circle: Photographs by Edward S. Curtis of Native American Women. Stanford, D.J. 1996 Foreshaft Sockets as Possible Clovis Hafting Devices. Current Research in the Pleistocene. Vol. 13, PP- 44-46. Stanford, D.J. and Jodry, Margaret 1996 Changing Hydrologic Regimes and Prehistoric Landscape Use in the Northern San Luis Valley, Colorado. Hydrogeology of the San Luis Valley and Environmental Issues Downstream from the Summitville Mine, South-Central Colorado. Colorado Geological Survey, Special Publication 44, pp. I-11. Stanford, D.J., Margaret Jodry, Mort Turner, Vince Spero and Joanne Turner 1996 Folsom in the Colorado High Country: The Black Mountain Site. Current Research in the Plezstocene, Vol. 13, pp. 25-27. Stanford, D.J., Hugo Nami and John Broster 1996 Evidence of Clovis Heat Treating Technology from the Carson-Conn-Short Site, Tennessee. Current Research in the Plezstocene, Vol. 13, pp. 62-64. Stanford, Dennis J. 1997 The Drake Cache: A Clovis Site from north central Colorado. In Les Paleoindiens de Grandes Plaines: Les premiers hommes de L’Amerique du Nord (Anta Montet-White, ed.) Musee Departemental de Prehistoire de Solutre pp. 36-39. . 1997 The Walsh Cache. In Les Paleoindiens de Grandes Plaines: Les premiers hommes de L’Amerique du Nord.(Anta Montet-White, ed.) Musee Departmental de Prehistoire de Solutre. pp. 40-43. Stanford, D.H., David Meltzer, Donald Grayson, Gerado Ardila, Alex Barker, Dena Dincauze, C. Vance Haynes, Fransciso Mena, and Lautaro Nunez 1997 On the Pleistocene Antiquity of Monte Verde, Southern Chile. American Antiquity, Vol. 62, pp. 659-664. Taylor, P.M. 1997 Art in Traditional Societies. In Indonesian Heritage: Art, (Hilda Soemantri, vol. ed.) (Indonesian Heritage, Sian Jay, gen. ed). Singapore and Jakarta: Editions Didier Miller pp. 22-23. . 1997 Foreword. Judaica at the Smithsonian: Cultural Politics as Cultural Model by Grace Cohen Grossman Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology, No. 52. . 1997 Preface and Acknowledgments. In Treasures of Two Nations: Thai Royal Gifts to the United States of America by Lisa McQuail. Washington, D.C.: Asian Cultural History Program, Smithsonian Institution pp. 9-11. . 1.p. [1997] A Collector and His Museum: William Louis Abbott (1860-1936) and the Smithsonian. In Treasure Hunting: the Collectors and the Collecting of Indonesian Artifacts. (Kees van Dijk and Reimar Schefold, eds.) Proceedings of a conference commemorating the 125th anniversary of the founding of the Volkenkundig Museum Nusanrara, Delft, Netherlands, October 1989. 174 . ip. [1997] edited translation: The Sultanate of Ternate in the Moluccas, by E.S.A. de Clercq. Translated, with an Introduction by Paul Michael Taylor. In Smithsonian Institution Libraries Electronic Editions. Website: hetp://www.sil.si.edu/elecedns.htm Original dutch: Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate. (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1890.) Teso, M.L., and WJ. Merrill 1997 Los Negocios Eclesiasticos de la Independencia a la Reforma: Guia documentral del Ministerio de Justicia y Negocios Eclesiasticos del Archivo General de la Nacién. Mexico City: Centro de Estudios e Investigacion de la Subsecretarfa de Asuntos Juridicos y Asociaciones Religiosas, Archivo General de la Nacién, Secretaria de Gobernacién. Ubelaker, D.H. 1996 Aboriginal Human Remains from Osborne Island, New Jersey. BuJletin of the Archeaeological Society of New Jersey 51:73-74. . 1996 Forensic Anthropology and the FBI. Cu/tural Resource Management 19(10):25—-28. . 1996 Taphonomic Applications in Forensic Anthropology in Forensic Taphonomy: The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains (William D. Haglund and Marcella H. Sorg, eds.) Boca Raton: CRC Press pp. 77-90. . 1996 The Population Approach in Paleopathology: A Case Study From Ecuador in Notes on Populational Significance of Paleopathological Conditions Health, Illness and Death in the Past (Alejandro Pérez-Pérez, ed.) Fundacié Uniach pp. 26-54. . 1997 Forensic Anthropology History of Physical Anthropology Vol 1 (Frank Spencer, ed.) New York and London: Garland Publishing, pp. 392-395. . 1997 Angel, J(ohn) Lawrence (1915—1896) History of Physical Anthropology Vol. 1 (Frank Spencer, ed.) New York and London: Garland Publishing pp. 76-77. . 1997 Skeletal Biology of Human Remains from La Tolita, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Number 41 Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. . 1997 Stewart, T(homas) Dale (1901—) History of Physical Anthropology (Frank Spencer, ed.) New York and London: Garland Publishing, pp. 999-1001. Ubelaker, D.H., and I. Pap. 1997 Health Profiles of a Bronze Age population from northeastern Hungary Annales Historico-naturales Budapest: Musei Nationalis Hungarici 88:271-296. Zeder, M. 1997 The American Archaeologist: A Profile. AltaMira Press, 220 pp. . 1997 The American Archaeologist: Results of the 1994 Society of American Archeology Census, Society of American Archeology Bulletin 15(2):12-17. . 1997 The American Archaeologist: Results of the 1994 Society of American Archeology Census (Redux) Society of American Archeology Bulletin 15(4):26-33. . 1997 Sheep and Goars. In Encyclopedia of Near Eastern Archaeology Eric M. Meyers, ed. Oxford Univeristy Press. Unger, P, K. Fennel, K. Gordon and E. Trinkhaus 1997 Neandertal incisor beveling. Joxrnal of Human Evolution 32:407—421. Department of Botany Acevedo-Rodriguez, P. 1996. The Flora of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 78. 581 pp. . 1997. Novelties in Neotropical Sapindacaeae I. BioLlania, Edicion Especial 6:143—-151. . 1997. Melicoccus zimenez1i (Sapindaceae) una nueva combinacion basada en Talisia jimenenzii. especie endemica de la Republica Dominicana. Moscosoa 9:58—-61. Annonay H. and C. Feuillet. 1997. Passzflora cerasina, a new species of Passiflora Subgenus Passiflora (Passifloraceae) from French Guiana. Sida 17:551-554. Bartholomew, B., D. H. Nicolson and B. Nordenstam. 1997. Author citation of Thunberg’s new species in Murray’ Systema vegetabilium. Taxon 46:311-314. Boggan, J., V. Funk, C. Kelloff, M. Hoff, G. Cremers, C. Feuillet. 1997. Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana. Surinam, French Guiana), 2nd Edition, pp. 238. Smithsonian Institution. Camelbeke, K., M.T. Strong, and P. Goetghebeur. 1997. Scleria amazonica, a new species of Scleria section Scleria (Cyperaceae) from Venezuela. Novon 7:98—101. Davis, S.D., V. H. Heywood, O. Herrera-MacBryde, J. Villa-Lobos, and A. C. Hamilton (eds.). 1997. Centres of Plant Diversity. A Guide and Strategy for their Conservation. Volume 3. The Americas. UCN and WWF, Cambridge, UK. 562 pp. DeFilipps, R. A. 1997. Foreword, pp. 5—6, in, Turay, B. M. S., Medicinal plants of Sierra Leone: A compendium. Case studies in Health and Healing no. 1. Centre for the Cross-Cultural Study of Health and Healing, Univ. of Alberta, Canada. {volume editor: R. A. DeFilipps} DeFilipps, R. A. and M. J. Plotkin. 1997. Biological conservation in Brazil: Leishmaniasis and deforestation. WWW URL: http://ethnobotany.org/leish.htm. Dickison, W. C. and A. L. Weitzman. 1996. Comparative anatomy of the young stem, node, and leaf of Bonnetiaceae, including observations on a foliar endodermis. Amer. J. Bot. 83:405-418. Dietrich, W., W. L. Wagner, and P. H. Raven. 1997. Systematics of Oenothera sect. Oenothera subsect. Oenothera (Onagraceae). Syst. Bot. Monogr. 50:1-234. Dorr, L. J. 1996. Sterculiaceae (Cacao Family). Pp. 417-423, In, P. Acevedo-Rodriguez and Collaborators, Flora of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 78 - 1996. Tiliaceae (Linden Family). Pp. 429—433, In P. Acevedo-Rodriguez and Collaborators, Flora of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 78. . 1997. Wood collection data from U.S. National Herbarium now available electronically. Flora of North America Newsletter 11:14. {announcement}. . 1997. Wood collection data from U.S. National Herbarium now available electronically. Herbarium News (St. Louis) 17(1/2):49-65. (announcementr]. . 1997. S. B. Buckley and his European scientific contacts. 11th International Conference, The Society for the History of Natural History {2 pp.}. [Abstract]. . 1997. A new species of Byttneria (Sterculiaceae) from Ecuador. BioLlania, Edicion Especial 6:305-309. . 1997. Plant collectors in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. A biographical and bibliographical guide to individuals and groups who have collected herbarium material of algae, bryophytes, fungi, lichens, and vascular plants in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England. Pp. xlvi + 524, and CD read-only version. 1997. Plant collectors in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England. CD full version. . 1997. Sterculiaceae. Pp. 199. In, J. Boggan er al., Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam. French Guiana), 2nd Edition. Publication No. 30, Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program, Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. . 1997. [Additions and corrections to:} M. Jansen-Jacobs, Malvaceae. Pp. 128-130. In, J. Boggan et al., Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana), 2nd Edition. Publication No. 30, Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program, Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. . 1997. U.S. National Herbarium wood collection. Taxon 46:594-595. Dorr, L. J. and W. G. Berendsohn. 1997. Dicotyledonae: Malvales. 170 Elaeocarpaceae. 172 Tiliaceae. 173 Malvaceae. 174 Bombacaceae. 175 Sterculiaceae. In, W. G. Berendsohn (ed.). Listado Basico de la Flora Salvadorensis. Cuscatlania 1: {27 pp.]. Dorr, L. J. and S. K. Eichhorn. 1997. An annotated list of the publications of John J. Wurdack. BioLlania, Edicién Especial 6:1-33. Dorr, L. J., E. G. Leigh, Jr., and J. U. Ganzhorn. 1997. Jean Prosper Abraham (1930-1996). Taxon 46:377-379. {Obituary}. Dorr, L. J. and B. Stergios. 1997. Introduction. BzoL/ania, Edicién Especial 6: vii—viii. (eds.). 1997. John J. Wurdack Festschrift. BioLlania, Edicion Especial 6: i-xi, 1-571. Ensermu, K. and R. B. Faden. 1997. Commelinaceae. In Edwards, S., Sebsebe, D. and I. Hedberg (eds.). Flora of Ethiopia, Vol. 6, pp. 339-374. National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia and Uppsala University, Sweden. Faust, M.A. 1997. Mixotrophy in tropical benthic dinoflagellates. Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Harmful Algae. Vigo, Spain. p. 71. (Abs.). 175 . 1997. Three new benthic species of Prorocentrum (Dinophyceae) from Belize: P. norristanum sp. nov., P. tropicalis sp. nov., and P. reticularis sp. nov. Journal of Phycology 33:925-930. Feuillet, C. and J. M. MacDougal. 1996. Passiflora trialata (Passifloraceae), a new species of Granadilla (Passzflora subg. Passiflora) from French Guiana. Novon 6:351-355. Feuillet, C. 1997. Cordia wurdackiana, a new species of Boraginaceae from Guyana. BioLlania. Edicion Especial 6:331-333. Feuillet, C. and J. M. MacDougal. 1997. New infrageneric names in Passtflora (Passifloraceae). BioLlania, Edicién Especial 6:335-340. Funk, V. A. and J. F. Pruski. 1996. Asteraceae. Pp. 85-122. In P. Acevedo-Rodriguez and collaborators, Flora of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Memoirs New York Botanical Garden 78. Funk, V. A., H. Robinson and M. Dillon. 1996 . Liabeae: Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Biogeography. In D. J. N. Hind and H. J. Beentje (eds.). Compositae: Systematics. Proceedings of the International Compositae Conference. Kew, 1994, vol. I pp. 545-567. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Funk, V. A. 1997. Using collections data and GIS to examine biodiversity information levels in Guyana. In K. E. Hoagland and A. Y. Rossman (eds.), Global Genetic Resources: Access. Ownership, and Intellectual Property Rights. pp. 117-128. . 1997. Misbrookea, a new monotypic genus removed from Weneria s./. (Compositae: Senecioneae). Brittonia 49:110-I17. . 1997. Werneria s.1. (Compositae: Senecioneae) in Ecuador. In Valencia, R. and H. Balslev (eds), Estudzos sobre Diversidad y Ecologia de Plantas, pp. 25-35. Pontificia Universidad Catolica, Ecuador, in collaboration with Aarhus University, Denmark. . 1997. Compositae of Ecuador, II: Diversity and distribution. In Valencia, R. and H. Balslev (eds), Estudios sobre Diversidad y Ecologia de Plantas. pp. 79-95. Pontificia Universidad Catolica, Ecuador, in collaboration with Aarhus University, Denmark. Funk, V., H. Robinson, and J. Pruski. 1997. Asteraceae, pp-.58—Gr1. In Boggan, J., V. Funk, C. Kelloff, M. Hoff, G. Cremers, C. Feuillet. Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana), 2nd Edition. Smithsonian Insicution. Gacia, E., M.M. Littler and D.S. Littler. 1996. The relationships between morphology and photosynthetic parameters within the polymorphic genus Caulerpa. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 204:209-224. Gemmill, C. E., W. L. Wagner, and E. A. Zimmer. 1997. Evolution of Hawaiian Island and insular Pittosporum (Pittosporaceae) species as estimated by nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. Amer. J. Bot. Suppl. 84(6):730 (Abstract). Goetghebeur, P. and M.T. Strong. 1997. Cyperaceae. pp. 91-95, In: Boggan, J., V. Funk, C. Kelloff, M. Hoff, G. 176 Cremers, and C. Feuillet, Checklist of the plants of the Guianas (2nd ed.), Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Gonzalez-Elizondo, M. S., P. M. Peterson, and I. Granzow-de la Cerda. 1997. A cladistic and phenetic analysis of the Pauciflorae group of Eleocharis (Cyperaceae). BioLlania, Edicion Especial 6:341-368. Gonzalez-Elizondo, M. S. and P. M. Peterson. 1997. A classification and key to the supraspecific taxa Eleocharis (Cyperaceae). Taxon 46:433—-449. Greuter, W. and D. H. Nicolson. 1996. Introductory comments on the Draft BioCode, from a botanical point of view. Taxon 45:343-348. Gulledge, R. A. and M. A. Faust. 1997. Dino-Linneaus: Species identification and data storage of dinoflagellates using an interactive multimedia software system. Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Harmful Algae. Vigo, Spain. p. 93. (Abs.). Hershkovitz, M. A. and L. A. Lewis. 1996. Deep-level diagnostic value of the rDNA-ITS region. Molecular Biol. Evol. 13:1276—1295. Hershkovitz, M.A. and E. A. Zimmer. 1996. Conservation patterns in angiosperm rDNA-ITS2 sequences. Nucleic Acids Research 24:2857-2867. . 1997. On the evolutionary origins of the cacti. Taxon 46:217—232. Hillis, D., B. K. Mable, A. Larson, S. K. Davis, and E. A. Zimmer. 1996. Nucleic Acids IV: Sequencing and Cloning. In Hillis, D., C. Moritz and B. Mable (eds.), Molecular Systematics, 2nd Edition. Sinauer Press, Inc. 321-381. Janovec, J. and H. Robinson. 1997. Charadranaetes, a new genus of the Senecioneae (Asteraceae) from Costa Rica. Novon 7:162-168. Jaramillo, M. A., and WJ. Kress. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships of the genera of the Family Costaceae. Bull. Heliconia Soc. Intern. 9 (1/2):5-8 Kress, W.J. 1997. A synopsis of the genus He/:conia (Heliconiaceae) in Venezuela with one new variety. BioLlania, Edicién Especial No. 6:407—430. Kress, WJ. 1997. Phylogeny of the Zingiberanae: morphology and molecules. Pp. 122-141 z7 T.-L. Wu, Q.-G. Wau, and Z.-Y. Chen, eds., Proceedings of the Second Symposium on the Family Zingiberaceae. South China Institute of Botany, Guangzhou. (reprint of the 1995 RBG Kew Symposium paper) Kvist, L. P. and L. E. Skog 1996. Revision of Pearcea (Gesneriaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, 84. 47 pp. Lapointe, B.E., M.M. Littler and D.S. Littler. 1997. Macroalgal overgrowth of fringing coral reefs at Discovery Bay, Jamaica: bottom-up versus top-down control. Proc. &h Int. Coral Reef Symp., Panama. 927-932. Lellinger, D. B. 1997. Preris deflexa and its allies. American Fern Journal 87:66B70. Lellinger, D. B. and W. C. Taylor. 1997. A classification of spore ornamentation in the Preridophyta. Pp. 33-42. In R. J. Johns (ed.), Holttum Memorial Volume. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Littler, D.S., and M.M. Littler. 1997. An illustrated marine flora of the Pelican Cays, Belize. Bull. Bzol. Soc Wash. 9:1-149. Littler, M.M., and D-S. Littler. 1996. A natural long-term coralline algal removal experiment. 8th Int. Coral Reef Symp. Abs., Panama. . 1996. A new threat to coral reefs, page 546, in P.H. Raven and G.B. Johnson ( eds.), Bzology. fourth edition. W.C. Brown Publ., Dubuque, Iowa. . 1997. Epizoic red alga allelopathic (?) to a Caribbean coral. Coral Reefs 16:168. Littler, M.M., D.S. Littler, B.L. Brooks and J.F. Koven. 1997. A unique coral reef formation discovered on the Great Astrolabe Reef, Fiji. Coral Reefs 16:51-54. Lorence, D. H. and Wagner, W. L. 1997. A revision of Lepinia (Apocynaceae), with description of a new species from the Marquesas Islands. Allertonia 7:254-266. Maina, S. and Villa-Lobos, J. 1997. Regional overview: North America. Pp. 39-62. In Davis, $.D., Heywood, V.H., Herrera-MacBryde, O., Villa-Lobos, J. and Hamilton, A.C. (eds.) 1997. Centres of Plant Diversity. A Guide and Strategy for their Conservation. Volume 3. The Americas. UCN and WWE, Cambridge, UK. Mateo, M.A., J. Romero, M. Pérez, M.M. Litcler and DS. Littler. 1997. Dynamics of millenary organic deposits resulting from the growth of the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica. Est. Coast. Shelf Sci. 44:103-110. N’Yeurt, A.D.R., D.S. Littler and M.M. Lirtler. 1996. Avrainvillea rotumensis sp. nov. (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta), a peltate species from the South Pacific. Phycological Research 44:81-84. Nicolson, D. H. 1996. Issue dates of the first 83 numbers of the Smithsonian Contributions to Botany. Taxon 45:43—48. . 1996. Report of the General Committee:7. Taxon 45:525-527- . 1996. Araceae at the U.S. National Herbarium (US). International Aroid Society Newsletter 18(6):5. . 1996. Engler Medals presented at the ICSEB-V in Budapest. Taxon 45:717-718. . 1996. Animal, Vegetable or Mineral? In J. L. Reveal (ed.). Proceedings of a Minisymposium on Biological Nomenclature in the 21st Century. Univ. Md. www.life.umd.edu/bees/96sym.html Nicolson, D. H., B. Stergios, and L. J. Dorr. 1997. Plant taxa named by John J. Wurdack. BioLlania, Edicién Especial 6:35-65. . 1997. Plant taxa named for John J. Wurdack. BioLlania, Edicién Especial 6:133-142. Nowicke, J. W. 1996. Pollen morphology, exine structure and the relationships of Basellaceae and Didiereaceae to Portulacaceae. Systematic Botany 21:187-208. Peterson, P. M. and J. T. Columbus. 1997. Allelic variation in the amphitropical disjunct Scleropogon brevifolius (Poaceae: Eragrostideae). BioLlania, Edicién Especial 6:473-490. Pruski, J. F. 1996. Compositae of the Guayana Highland-XI. Tuberculocarpus gen. nov. and some other Ecliptinae (Heliantheae). Novon 6:404—418. . 1997. Asteraceae, pp. 177-393. In: J. A. Steyermark et al. (eds.), Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Volume 3. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. Robinson, H. 1996. The status of generic and subtribal revisions in the Vernonieae. Iv D.J.N. Hind and H.J. Beentje (ed.). Compositae: Systematics. Proceedings of the International Compositae Conference, Kew. 1994, vol. 1, Pp. 511-529. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. . 1996. Recent studies in the Heliantheae and Eupatorieae. In D.J.N. Hind and H.J. Beentje (eds). Compositae: Systematics. Proceedings of the International Compositae Conference, Kew. 1994, vol. 1, pp. 627-653. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. . 1997. New species of Aphanactis in Ecuador and Bolivia and new combinations in Se//oa (Heliantheae: Asteraceae). Brittonia 49:71-78. . 1997. New species of Archtbaccharis and Baccharis from Bolivia and Peru (Asteraceae: Astereae). BioLlania. Edicion Especial 6:501-508. . 1997. New species of Ayapanopsis and Hebeclinium from South America (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae). BzoL/ania, Edicion Especial 6:509-514. . 1997. Considerations on the occurrence of stomates in Bryophytes and Tracheophytes. J. Hattori Bor. Lab. 82:245-251. . 1996 [1997]. The Paralychnophora Group of Eremanthus (Vernoneae: Asteraceae). Rhodora 98, No. 893, pp. 85-93. . 1996 [1997]. A new species of Minasia from the Serra do Cabral, Minas Gerais, Brazil (Vernonieae; Asteraceae). Phytologia 80:350—351. Robinson, H. and M. Deyrup. 1997. Two new species of Asyndetus Loew, and notes on the identity of A. interruptus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Proc. Entom. Soc. Wash. 99:477—482. Robinson, H. and V. A. Funk. 1997. Compositae of Ecuador, I: Key to frequently collected genera. In Valencia, R. and H. Balslev (eds.), Estudios sobre Diversidad y Ecologia de Plantas, pp. 65-78. Pontificia Universidad Catolica, Ecuador, in collaboration with Aarhus University, Denmark. Robinson, H. and M.S. Ignatov. 1997. Brachythecium laetum (Brid) B.S.G. The Correct Name for the Species Commonly Known as Brachythecium oxycladon. Bryologist 100:359-361. Robinson, H. E., V. A. Funk, J. F. Pruski and R. M. King. 1996. José Cuatrecasas Arumi. Comp. Newsl. 29:1-30. 1996. Sakai, A. K., S. G. Weller, W. L. Wagner, P. S. Soltis, and D. E. Soltis. 1997. Phylogenetic perspectives on the evolution of dioecy: Adaptive radiation in the endemic Hawaiian genera Schiedea and Alsinidendron (Caryophyllaceae: Alsinoideae): 77 Givinish, T. J. and K. J. Sytsma (eds.), Molecular evolution and adaptive radiation. Cambridge University Press, NY pp. 455-473. 177 Shannon, R. K. and W. L. Wagner. 1997. Oparanthus (Asteraceae, subtribe Coreopsidinae) revisited. AJlertonia 7273-295. Sherler, S. G. and G. N. Fet (General Scientific Eds). 1997. Translation from Russian of Flora of the USSR, Vol. XXII. Solanaceae and Scrophulariaceae. B. K. Schischkin and E. G. Bobrov (volume eds.). Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington, DC. 745 p. Skog, L. E. and F. F. de Jesus. 1997. A Review of Resia. BroLlania, Edicion Especial 6:515-523. Skog, L. E. and L. P. Kvist. 1997. The Gesneriaceae of Ecuador, pages 13-23. In: Renato Valencia and Henrik Balslev, eds. Estudios sobre diversidad y ecologia de plantas. Quito, Ecuador: Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador. Soltis, D. E., P. S. Soltis, D. L. Nickrent, L. A. Johnson, W. J. Hahn, S. B. Hoot, J. A. Sweere, R. K. Kuzoff, K. A. Kron, M. W. Chase, S. M. Swensen, E. A. Zimmer, S.-M. Chaw, L. J. Gillespie, W. J. Kress, and K. J. Sytsma. 1997. Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA sequences. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard, 84:1-49. Soltis, D. E., P. S. Soltis, S. G. Weller, A. K. Sakai, and W. L. Wagner. 1996 [1997]. Molecular phylogenetic anaylsis of the Hawaiian endemics Schiedea and Alsinidendron (Caryophyllaceae). Syst. Bot. 21:365-379. Strong, M. T. 1996. Agavaceae, Ashphodelaceae, Cyperaceae, Dracaenaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Hypoxidaceae, and Potamogetonaceae. pp. 453-540, In: Acevedo-Rodriguez, P., Flora of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, N.Y. . 1997. Machaerina (Cyperaceae) in South America. Novon 7:308-319. Strong, M. T. and W. L. Wagner. 1997. New and noteworthy Cyperaceae from the Hawaiian Islands. Bishop Mus. Occ. Papers. 48:37—50. Terrell, E. E., P.M. Peterson, J. L. Reveal, and M. R. Duvall. 1997. Taxonomy of North American species of Zizania (Poaceae: Zizaniinae). Sida 17:533-549. Toledo, V., Rzedowski, J. and Villa-Lobos, J. 1997. Regional overview: Middle America. Pp. 97-124. In Davis, S.D., Heywood, V.H., Herrera-MacBryde, O., Villa-Lobos, J. and Hamilton, A.C. (eds.) 1997. Centres of Plant Diversity. A Guide and Strategy for their Conservation. Volume 3. The Americas. TUCN and WWE, Cambridge, UK. Turquet, J., J. P. Quod, A. Coute, and M. A. Faust. 1997. Assemblage of benthic dinoflagellates and monitoring of harmful species in Reunion Island (SW Indian Ocean) during the 1993-1996 period. Proc. 8th Int. Conf. on Harmful Algae. Vigo, Spain. p. 205. (Abs.). Villa-Lobos, J. 1996. Singapore’ relict forest. Plant Talk 7:33. (Book review) Wagner, W. L. and D. H. Lorence. 1997. Studies of Marquesan vascular plants: Introduction. AJ/lertonia 7:221-225. Wagner, W. L., R. K. Shannon, and D. R. Herbst. 1997. Contributions to the Flora of the Hawaiian Islands. VI. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 48:51—65. 178 Wasshausen, D.C. 1995. Acanthaceae. In, C. Cremers and M. Hoff (eds.) Inventaire Taxonomique des Plantes de la Guyane Francaise V-Les Dicotyledones. Museum National D’Histoire Naturelle, Paris 1995:13-23. . 1996. New species, new variety and new combinations in Stenandrium (Acanthaceae) from Ecuador and Colombia. Nord. J. Bot. 16:383-388. . 1996. New species and new combinations in Aphelandra (Acanthaceae) from Ecuador and adjacent Peru. Nord. J. Bot. 16:389—407. - 1997. Razzsea ericae (Acanthaceae), a new species from Ecuador and adjacent Peru. Novon 7:88—91. . 1997. A checklist of the Acanthaceae collected by John J. Wurdack in Amazonian Peru. BioLlania, Edicién Especial 6:541-550. Wasshausen, D.C. and C. Ezcurra. 1997. New names and new combinations in Justicia sect. Simonisia, Plagiacanthus and Orthotactus (Acanthaceae) from southern South America. Candollea 52:171-179. Webster, R. D. and P. M. Peterson. 1996. Poaceae. p. 509-540, in Acevedo-Rdgz., P., The Flora of St. John, U.S. Virgin Island. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 78. Wen, J. and E. A. Zimmer. 1996. Phylogeny of Panax L. (the Ginseng Genus, Araliaceae): Inference from ITS sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5:167—177. Weitzman, A. L. and P. F. Stevens. 1997. Notes on the circumscription of Bonnetiaceae and Clusiaceae, with taxa and new combinations. BzoLlania, Edicion Especial 6:551-564. Waurdack, J. J. 1995. New species of Melastomataceae from Bahia, Brazil. Kew Bull. 50:821-825. . 1996. Memories of the 1950s at The New York Botanical Garden. Brittonia 48:358—361. . 1997. A Clematis quartet. Clematis International 1996/7:56—58. Zermoglio, M. F. and V. A. Funk. 1997. A new species of Chrysactinium (Asteraceae: Liabeae) from Chachapoyas, Peru. BioLlania, Edicién Especial 6:565—-571. Department of Entomology Ben-Dovy, Y., Hodgson, C. J., and Miller, D. R, 1997. Changes and comments on the taxonomy and nomenclature of some taxa in the families Coccidae, Eriococcidae and Pseudococcidae. Phytoparasitica, 25:199—-206. Burns, J. M., 1997. Presidential Address 1996: On the Beauties, Uses, Variation, and Handling of Genitalia. Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society, 51(1):1-8 [33 figs.; 1 table}. Chavarria, G., 1997. Notes on a Combined Nest of Bombus pullatus (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Acromyrmex octospinosus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 69(4):403—405. Claussen, C. and Thompson, F. C., 1996. Zur identitat und synonymie der von Camillio Rondani beschriebenen Cheilosia-Arten (Diptera: Syrphidae). Manuscript for Studia Dipterologia, 19 ms pp. Coddington, J. A., Laurel, H. Y. and Coyle, F. A., 1996. Estimating Spider Species Richness in a Southern Appalachian Cove Hardwood Forest. The Journal of Arachnology, 24:111-128 [5 tables]. Coddington, J. A. and Scharff, N., 1996. Problems with “Soft” Polytomies. Cladistics, 12:139—145 [1 fig.]. Coddington, J. A., Hormiga, G. and Scharff, N., 1997. Giant female or dwarf male spiders. Nature. 385:687—688. Davis, D. R., 1996. A Revision of the Southern African Family Prototheoridae (Lepidoptera: Hepialoidea). Extomologica Scandinavica, 27:393—439 {122 figs.; 1 table; 3 maps}. ., 1996. Donation of the Atsushi Kawabe Lepidoptera Collection to the Smithsonian Institution. Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society, 50(3):270—-271. Engel, M. S. and Schultz, T. R., 1997. Phylogeny and Behavior in Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 90(1):43—53 (50 figs.]. Erwin, T. L., 1996. Checklist of the Western Hemisphere Caraboidea (COLEOPTERA, 12Mb. [Includes all 12,000 species’ distributions and taxonomy}. On: NMNH Gopher; http://amnhwww.si.edu/gopher-menus/Checklistofthe Wester nHemisphereCaraboideaColeoptera.html, 1. , 1996. Evolution at the equator: arboreal and alticolous beetles and their taxon pulses (Coleoptera: Carabidae). XXI International Congress of Entomology, Florence, Italy, 1. , 1996. Biodiversity at its utmost: Tropical forest beetles, pp 27—40. In: Biodiversity II. Understanding and protecting our biological resources, by Reaka-Kudla, M.L., Wilson, D. E. and Wilson, E. O. (eds.), Joseph Henry Press, Washington, DC. , 1997. Natural history of the carabid beetles at the BIOLAT Biological Station, Rio Manu, Pakitza, Peru, Supplement I. Additional records, pp. 359-368. In: Manu, The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru, by Wilson, D. E. and Sandoval, A. (eds.), Editorial horizonte, Lima. Flint Jr., O. S., 1997. Studies of Neotropical Caddisflies, LIV: the Patagonian genus Austrocentrus, with the description of its immature stages (Trichoptera: Helicophidae). Proceedings of the &h International Symposium on Tricoptera, 99-108 {27 figs.; I map}. , 1996. Studies of Neotropical Caddisflies LV: Tricoptera of Trinidad and Tobago. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 122(3+4):67—-113 [44 figs.]. , 1996. Checklist of the Trichoptera, caddisflies, of Cuba. Cocuyo, 5:15—20. , 1996. Odonata Taken in Malaise Traps, with Special Reference to Virginia. Banisteria, 8:37—43 {2 figs.]. , 1996. Caddisflies Do Count: Collapse of S.R. 675 Bridge over the Pocomoke River, Pocomoke City, Maryland. Bulletin NABS, 13(3):376-383 [s figs.]. Froeschner, R. C., 1995. Rolstonus rolstoni, New Genus and New Species of Acanthosomatidae from Argentina (Heteroptera: Pentatomoidea: Ditomotarsini). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 103(4):360—363 {3 figs.}. , 1996. Range of Lace Bug Genus Acalypta (Heteroptera: Tingidae) Extended South into Neotropics with Discover of the New Species, A. emicata, from Guatemala. Entomological News, 107(5):299—302 {2 figs.}. Furth, D. G. and Savini, V. 1996. Checklist of the Alticinae of Central America, including Mexico (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Insecta Mundi, 10(1—4):45—68. Gandolfo, D. E. and Norrbom, A. L. 1997. A new species of Trypanaresta (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Patagonia, a potential agent for biological control of snakeweeds (Gutierrezia spp.) in the United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99:248-256. Grissell, E. E. and Zack, R. S. 1996. Torymidae (Hymenoptera) new to Washington State. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 98(4):827—828. Grissell, E. E. and Schauff, M. E. 1997. A handbook of the Nearctic Chalcidoidea: Second Edition. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 1-87. Grissell, E. E. 1997. Book Review: The Hymenoptera of Costa Rica. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 90(2):266—267. Henry, T. J. 1997. Phylogenetic analysis of the family groups within the infraorder Pentatomomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteropera), with emphasis on the Lygaeoidea. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 90:275-301. . 1997. Cladistic analysis and revision of the stilt bug genera (Heteroptera: Berytidae) of the world. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 30:1-100. . 1997. Monograph of the Berytidae, or stilt bugs (Heteroptera), of the Western Hemisphere. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 19:1-149. Henry, T. J. and Froeschner, R. C. 1997. Catalog of the stilt bugs, or Berytidae (Heteroptera), of the world. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 19:1-158. Hodges, R. W. and Adamski, D. 1997. The Identity of Filatima Ornatifimbriella (Clemens 1864) (Gelechioidea: Gelechiidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 51(1):32—46. Hodges, R. W. 1997. A new Agonoxenine moth damaging Araucaria araucana needles in Western Argentina and notes on the Neotropical Agonozenine Fauna (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Elachistidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99(2):267-278. Huang, Y. M. 1997. The subgenus Stegomya of Aedes in the Afrotropical region. I]. The Denrophilus group of species (Diptera: Culicidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 29(4):1-104. Krombein, K. V. and Norden, B. B. 1997. Nesting Behavior of Krombeinictus nordenae Leclercq, a Sphecid Wasp with Vegtarian Larvae (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae: Crabroninae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99(1):42—49 (15 figs.}. . 1997. Bizarre Nesting Behavior of Krombeinictus nordenae Leclercq (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae, Crabroninae). 179 Journal of South Asian Natural History. 2(2):145-154 {8 figs.]. Lamas, G., Robbins, R. K., Harvey, D. J. 1996. Mariposas del alto Rfo Napo, Loreto, Pert (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea y Hesperioidea). Revista Peruana de Entomologia. 39:63-74 U1 fig.; 4 tables]. Lingafelter, S. W. and Pakaluk, J. 1997. Comments on the Bruchine Chrysomelidae. Forum article in Chrysomela Newsletter, 33:3-4. Manguin, S. D., Roberts, R., Peyton, E. L., Reymankova, E., and Pecor, J. 1996. Characterization of Anopheles pseudopunctipennis larval habitats. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Assocation, 12(4):619—-626. Mathis, W. N. 1997. A Review of the Hogue: Group of Paracanace Mathis and Wirth (Diptera: Canacidae). Memozrs of the Entomological Society of Washington. 18:140-148 [20 figs.}. . 1997. A Review of the Shore-Fly Genus Diphuia Cresson (Diptera: Ephydridae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99(1):28—36 17 figs.]. Mathis, W. N. and Munari, L. 1996. World Catalog of the Family Tethinidae (Diptera). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 584:1-27 [1 fig.]. Medina, M. C., Robbins, R. K. and Lamas, G. 1996. Vertical Stratification of Flight by Ichomiine Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) at Pakitza, Manu National Park, Peru. pp. 211-216, in: Manu: The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru. D. E. Wilson and A. Sandoval, eds. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. 679 pp. Meier, R. and Shultz, T. R. 1996. Fungus growing and leaf cutting in ants—preadaptations and evolutionary trends. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, 35:57-76 {12 figs.]. Miller, D. R. 1997. A new species of mealybug in the genus Pseudococcus (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) of quarantine importance. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99:305-311. Miller, D. R. and Polavarapu, S. 1997. A new mealybug on blueberries. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99:440—460. Nickle, D. A. and Naskrecki, P. 1997. Recent Developments in the Systematics of Tettigoniidae and Gryllidae. 60 ms pp. In: Grasshoppers and Their Kin, 8. K. Gangwere (ed.). Nickle, D. A., Castner, J. L., Smedley, S. R., Actygalle, A. B., Meinwald, J., and Eisner, T. 1997. Glandular pyrazine emission by a tropical katydid: an example of chemical aposematism? (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Copiphorinae: Vestria Stal). Journal of Orthoptera Research, 5:221—-223. Norrbom, A. L. and McAlpine, J. F. 1997. A revision of the neotropical species of Dasiops Rondani (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) attacking Passiflora (Passifloraceae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 18:189—211. Norrbom, A. L. 1997. The genus Carpomya (Diptera: Tephritidae): New synonymy, description of first American species, and phylogenetic analysis. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99:338—347- 180 Polhemus, D. A. 1997. Systematics of the Genus Rhagovelia Mayr (Heteroptera: Veliidae) in the Western Hemisphere (Exclusive of the angustipes Complex), in: Thomas Say Publications in Entomology: Monographs. Ashe, J. S. and Everngam Jr., R. L. (eds.), pp. 1-386. Entomological Society of America, Lanham, MD, [394 figs.]. Polhemus, D. A. and Kumashiro, B. 1997. Heteroptera: Nabidae, in: New Records for Hawaiian Insects. edited by Kumashiro, B. R. and Heu, R. A., pp. 49:20-21. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. Polhemus, D. A. 1996. Island Arcs, and their Influence on Indo-Pacific Biogeography, in: The origin and evolution of Pacific Island biotas, New Guinea to Easter Polynesia: patterns and processes. pp. 51-66, edited by Keast, A. and Miller, S. E.. Academic Publishing, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, {9 figs.]. Robbins, R. K. 1997. These legs were made for walking—and so much more!. American Butterflies, 5:28-33. Robbins, R. K. and Opler, P. A. 1997. Butterfly diversity and a preliminary comparison with with bird and mammal diversity, pp. 69-82, in: Biodiversity I, Understanding and Protecting Our Biological Resources. Wilson, D. E., Reaka-Kudla, M. L. and Wilson, E. O. (eds.). Joseph Henry Press, Washington, DC. Robbins, R. K., Lamas, G., Mielke, O. H. H., Harvey, D. J., Casagrande, M. 1996. Taxonomic composition and ecological structure of the species-rich butterfly community at Pakitza, Parque Nacional del Manu, Peru, pp. 217-252, in: Manu: The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru. D. E. Wilson and A. Sandoval (eds.). Smithsonian Insticution Press, Washington, DC, 679 pp. Rueda, L. M., and Axtell, R. C. 1997. Arthropods in litter of poultry (broiler chicken and turkey) houses. Joxrnal of Agricultural Entomology, 14(1):81-91. Rueda, L. M., Roh, P. U., and Ryu, J. L. 1997. Pupal parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Preromalidae) of filth flies (Diptera: Muscidae, Calliphoridae) breeding in refuse and poultry livestock manure in South Korea. Journal of Medical Entomological, 34(1):82-85. Rueda, L. M., Stockwell, S. A., Pecor, J. E., and Gaffigan, T. V. 1997. Key to the Mosquito Genera of the World. Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC. CD-ROM. Sallum, M. A. M. And Wilkerson, R. C. 1997. Description of the immature stages of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) rodoni (Neiva & Pinto) (Diptera: Culicidae). Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 92(3):365—372. Savini, V. and Furth, D. G. 1997. Nuevas Combinaciones, Designacion de Lectotipos y Redescripciones en Giora Bechyne (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Alticinae). Bol. Entomol. Venez. N.S. 11(2):191-198. . 1997. Chaetocnema seriata (Duvivier) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Alticinae): A New Combination. The Coleopterists Bulletin, 51(2):198. Scharff, N. and Coddington, J. A. 1997. A phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider family Araneidae (Arachnida, Araneae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Soczety, 120:355—-434 [103 figs.}. Silva, D. and Coddington, J. A. 1996. Spiders of Pakitza (Madre de Dios, Perd): species richness and notes on community structure. In: D. E. Wilson and A. Sandoval (Eds.), La Biodiversidad del Sureste del Peru. Editorial Horizonte, Lima Peru, 241-299 [6 figs; 5 tables}. Smith, D. R. 1997. Aulacidae (Hymenoptera) of Sri Lanka. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99:60-66. . 1997. Collections of Stephanidae (Hymenoptera) in the mid-Atlantic states, including an eastern record for Schlettererius cinctipes (Cresson). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 99:377-378. Smith, D. R. and Schiefer, T. L. 1997. A new genus and species of Allantinae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from southeastern United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99:472-476. Spangler, P. J. 1996. A New Genus and Species of Aquatic Beetle, Caenelmis octomeria, from Kenya, Africa (Coleoptera: Elmidae: Elminae). Insecta Mundi. I0(I—4):19—23 [20 figs.]. . 1996. Four New Stygobiontic Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae; Noteridae; Elmidae). Insecta Mundi, IO(I—4):241-260 [80 figs.]. Staines, C. L. and Sraines, S$. L. 1997. Type Specimens of Hispinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 585:1-25. Thompson, F. C. 1997. Revision of the Eristalis flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of the Americas South of the United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99(2):209-237. . 1997. Spilomyia flower flies of the New World (Diptera: Syrphidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 261-272. . 1997. The genus Pleskeola Stackelberg (Diptera: Syrphidae), a junior synonym of Parhelophilus Girschner. Proceedings of the Entomological Society Washington, 37 ms pp. Vandenberg, N. J. 1997. Beetle Economics. Proceedings of the XXI BARC Symposium, 107-116. Venable, G. L. and Erwin, T. L. 1997. Mapping of the biodiversity site at Pakitza, pp. 29-42. In: Manu, The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru, by Wilson, D. E. and Sandoval, A. (eds.), Editorial horizonte, Lima. Wijesekara, A. G. and Schauff, M. E. 1997. Two new genera of Eulpectrini (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99:101-109. Wilkerson, R. C., Sallum, M. A. M., and Forarrini, O. P. 1997. Redescription of Anopheles (Anopheles) shannoni Davis; a member of the Arribalzagia series from the Amazon Basin (Diptera: Culicidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 993):461—471. Woodley, N. E. 1997. A review of the Afrotropical pachygastrine genus Meristomerinx Enderlein (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 18:289-297. Zumbado, M. A. and Thompson, F. C. 1997. Neuvas Especies de Sterphus (Diptera: Syrphidae) de Costa Rica Con Nor as Sobre Otras Especies Presentes en Costa. Southwestern Entomologist, 22(1):79-90. Department of Invertebrate Zoology Adamkewicz, S.L. and M.G. Harasewych, 1996. Systematics and biogeography of the genus Donax (Bivalvia: Donacidae) in eastern North America. American Malacological Bulletin 13(1/2):97-103. Adamkewicz, S.L., M.G. Harasewych, J.A. Blake, T. Spriggs and C.J. Bult, 1997. A molecular phylogeny of bivalve mollusks. Molecular Biology and Evolution Cairns, $.D. and H. Zibrowius, 1997. Cnidaria Anthozoa: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippine and Indonesian regions. In: Crosnier, A. and P. Bouchet (eds.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Memoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 172:27-243. Child, C.A., 1996. The Pyconogonida types or William A. Hilton. I. The remaining undescribed species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 109(4):677—686. . 1997. Some deep-sea Pycnogonida from the Argentine slope and basin. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110(1):128-142. Child, C.A. and M. Segonzac, 1996. Sericosura heteroscela and S. cyrtoma, new species, and other Pycnogonida from Atlantic and Pacific hydrothermal vents, with notes on habitat and environment. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 109(4):664—676. Coan, E.V. and A.R. Kabat, 1996. Annotated catalog of malacological meetings, including symposia and workshops in malacology. American Malacological Bulletin 13:129-148. Felder, D.L. and R.B. Manning, 1997. Ghost shrimps of the Genus Lepidophthalmus from the Caribbean region, with description of L. richardi, new species, from Belize (Decapoda: Thalassinidea: Callianassidae). Joxrnal of Crustacean Biology 17(2):309-331. Harasewych, M.G., S.L. Adamkewicz, J.A. Blake, D. Saudek, T. Spriggs and C.J. Bult, 1997. Phylogeny and relationships of pleurotomariid gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda): an assessment based on partial 18S rDNA and cytochrome C oxidase I sequences. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology 6(1):1-20 . . 1997. Neogstropod phylogeny: a molecular perspective. Journal of Molluscan Studies 63:327-351. Hershler, R. 1996. Review of the North American aquatic snail genus Probythinella (Rissooidea: Hydrobiidae). Invertebrate Biology 115(2):120—-144. 181 Janetzky, W., P. Martinez Arbizu and J.W. Reid, 1996. Attheyella (Canthosella) mervini sp.n. (Canthocamptidae, Harpacticoida) from Jamaican bromeliads. Hydrobiologia 339:123—-139. Kabat, A.R. 1996. Biogeography of the genera of Naticidae (Gastropoda) in the Indo Pacific. American Malacological Bulletin 12(1/2):29-35. . 1996. J.J.N.A. Spalowsky (1752-1797) and the prodromus in Systema Historicum Testaceorum (1795). Archives of Natural History 23(2):245-253- Kensley, B. 1996. New thalassinidean shrimp from the Pacific Ocean (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidae and Calocarididae). Bulletin of Marine Science 59(3):469—489. . 1996. The genus Prilanthura in the western Atlantic: evidence for primary males and description of a new species (Isopoda: Anthuridae). Journal of Crustacean Biology 16(4):763-781. . 1997. Identification, distribution, and aspects of the biology of ten anthuridean isopod species from the shallow continental shelf of the U.S. gulf and east coasts. Gulf Research Reports 9(4):277-302. Kensley, B. and M. Schorte, 1997. New records of marine Isopoda from Cuba (Crustacea: Peracarida). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110(1):74-98. Kornicker, L.S. and D.J. Barr, 1997. Anchialine Ostracoda (Halocyprididae) from San Salvador, Bahamas. Smzthsonian Contributions to Zoology 588:1-20. Lalana, R. and Kornicker, L.S., 1997. Amboleberis cubensis, a new species of myodocopine ostracode from the vicinity of Cuba (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Cylindroleberididae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington W10(1):107-114. Lemaitre, R., 1997. Crustacea Decapoda: Parapaguridae from the KARUBAR Cruise in Indonesia, with descriptions of two new species. Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, 16. Mémoiresdu Muséum national a’ Histoire naturelle, Paris 172:573-596. Lemaitre, R. and P.K.L. Ng, 1996. Rediscovery and redescription of the rare hermit crab, Diogenes jubatus (Nobill, 1903) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Diogenidae), from Singapore. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 44(2):323-333. Manning, R.B. 1996. Veridotheres marionae, a new genus and species of pinnotherid crab from west Africa (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zoologische Mededelingen Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie Leiden 70:271-273. . 1997. Exnephrops luckhursti, a new deep-sea lobster from Bermuda (Crustacea: Decapoda: Nephropidae). Proceedings of the Biological Soceity of Washington W10(2):256—262. . 1997. Neogonodactylus campi, a new species of stomatopod crustacean from the Caribbean Sea, with additional records for N. caribbaeus (Schotte and Manning). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110(2):280-284. Norenburg, J.L. 1996. First record of the terrestrial species Geonemertes pelaensis (Nemertea: Hoplonemertea) in Hawaii. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 46:21. 182 Norman, M.A. and M.J. Sweeney, 1997. The shallow-water Octopuses (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) of the Philippines. Invertebrate Taxonomy 11(1):89-140. Pastorino, G. 1996. Predation marks in bivalves of the coastal marine Quaternary of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Iberus 14(1):93—I0I. Pastorino, G. and M. Griffin, 1996. An extant whale barnacle (Cirripedia, Coronulidae) from holocene deposits of Buenos Aires (Argentina). Crastaceana 69(6):769-772. Pettibone, M.H., 1996. Revision of the scaleworm genera Acholoe Claparede, Arctonoella Buzhinskaja, and Intoshella Darboux (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) with the erection of the new subfamily Acholoinae. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 109(4):629-644. . 1997. Revision of the sigalionid species (Polychaeta) referred to Psammolyce Kinberg, 1856, Pelogenia Schmarda, 1861, and belonging to the Subfamily Plogeniinae Chamberlin, 1919. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 581:1-89. Reid, J.W. 1996. Copepoda (Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida). In: IUCN Red list of Threatened Animals, Gland, Switzerland :91-92, 96, 132-133, 185, 207-208. Reid, J.W. and W. Janetzky, 1996. Colonization of Jamaican bromeliads by Tropocyclops jamaicensis n.sp. (Crustacea: Copepoda: Cyclopoida). Invertebrate Zoology 115(4):305-320. Roper, C.EE. and M. Vecchione, 1996. In situ observations on Brachioreuthis beanii Verrill: paired behavior, probably mating (Cephalopoda, Oegopsida). American Malacological Bulletin 13(1/2):55—60. . 1997. In situ observations test hypotheses of functional morphology in Mastigoteuthis (Cephalopoda; Oegopsida). Vie et Milieu 47(2):87-93. Ruetzler, K., 1996. Sponge diving—Professional but not for profic. Iz: Lang, M.A. and C.C. Baldwin (eds.), Methods and techniques of underwater research. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences Scientific Diving Symposium, October :183-204. Ruerzler, K. and S. Richardson, 1996. The Caribbean spicule tree: a sponge-imitating foraminifer (Astrorhizidae). Bulletin de I’ Institut Royal des Sciences Naturales de Belgique, Biologie suppl. 66:143—151. Sanchez, G., H.M. Perry, C.B. Trigg, M. Vecchione, C. Roper and R.M. Biesior, 1996. Morphometry of juvenile and subadult Loligo pealei and L. ple: from the northern Gulf of Mexico. Fishery Bulletin 94:535—-550. Sankarankutty, C. and R.B. Manning, 1997. Observations on Hexapanopeus schmitt: Rathbun from Brazil (Crustacea: Decapoda: Xanthidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110(2):249-255 Vecchione, M. 1997. Commentary on the International Symposium on Functional Morphology of Cehalopods. Vie et Miliex 47(2):183-184. Vecchione, M. and B.B. Collette, 1996. Fisheries Agencies and marine biodiversity. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 83(1):29-36. . 1996. The central role of systematics in marine biodiversity problems. Oceanography 9(1):44-49. Vecchione, M. and R.E. Young, 1997. Aspects of the functional morphology of cirrate octopods: Locomotion and feeding. Vie et Milieu 47(2):10I-I10. Department of Mineral Sciences Aranda-Gémez, J.J., Henry, C.D., Luhr, J.F, and McDowell, EW. (1997) Cenozoic volcanism and tectonics in NW Mexico: A transect across the Sierra Madre Occidental Volcanic Field and observations on extension-related magmatism in the southern Basin and Range and Gulf of California tectonic provinces. Guidebook for Excursion No. u, International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior, General Assembly, Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, 94 pp. Dickinson T.L. and McCoy T. J. (1997) Experimental REE partitioning in oldhamite: Implications for the igneous origin of aubritic oldhamite. Meteoritics and Planetary Science 32, 395-412. Fritsch, S., Post, J.E. and Navrotsky, A. (1997) Energetics of stable and metastable low temperature manganese dioxides and oxyhydroxides. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. In press. Haynes, J.T. and Melson, W.G. (1997). SEM and EMX study of titaniferous minerals in the Ordovician and Deicke K-bentonite of southwestern Virginia. Virginia Minerals, v. 43(1), p- 1-7 Luhr, J. F and Melson, W.G. (1997). Mineral and Glass compositions in the June Is, 1991 pumices: evidence for dynamic equilbrium in the Pinatubo dacite. Pp. 733-750. In “Fire and Mud: Eruptions of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines”, edited by C.G. Newhall and R.S. Punongbayan, Univ. Washington Press, Seattle. Luhr, J.F. (1997) Extensional tectonics and diverse primitive volcanic rocks in the western Mexican Volcanic Belt. Can. Mineral. 35:473—500. Luhr, J.F. and Aranda-Gémez, J.J. (1997) Mexican peridotite xenoliths and tectonic terranes: Correlations among vent location, texture, temperature, pressure, and oxygen fugacity. J. Petrol. 38:1075—1112. Luhr, J.F. and Delgado-Granados, H. (1997) Aerial examination of volcanoes along the front of the western Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and a visit to Paricutin. Guidebook for Excursion No. 9, International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior, General Assembly, Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, 38 pp. McCoy T.J. and Ehlmann A.J. (1997) Monnig collection meteorites from Forestburg, Davy, Harrison Township and Gurram Konda. Meteoritics and Planetary Science 32, A167—A170. McCoy T.J., Ehlmann A.J. and Moore C.B. (1997) The Leedey, Oklahoma, chondrite: Fall, petrology, chemistry and an unusual Fe,Ni-FeS inclusion. Meteoritics and Planetary Sctence 32, 19-24. McCoy T.J., Keil K., Clayton R.N., Mayeda T.K., Bogard D.D., Garrison D.H. and Wieler R. (1997) A petrologic and isotopic study of lodranites: Evidence for early formation as partial melt residues from heterogeneous precursors. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61, 623-637. McCoy TJ., Keil K., Muenow D.W. and Wilson L. (1997) Partial melting and melt migration in the acapulcoite-lodranite parent body. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61, 639-650. Melson, W.G., Post, J., Wise, M., Sorensen, S., Fiske, D., Luhr, J., McPherson, G., and McCoy, T. (1997). From Diamonds To Diamonds: A Tour Of The New Geology, Gems, And Minerals Exhibit; Geotimes. Post J. E. (1997) The National Gem Collection Russell $.S., McCoy T.J., Jarosewich E. and Ash R.D. (1997) The Burnwell, Kentucky, low-FeO chondrite fall: Description, classification and origin. Meteorztics and Planetary Science (in press). Snell H. M., Snell H. L., Davis-Merlen G., Simkin T., and Silberglied R. E. (1997) Bzbliography of Galapagos Science; Charles Darwin Foundation. 321 pp. Sorensen S. S., Grossman J. N., and Perfit M. R. (1997) Phengite-hosted LILE enrichment in eclogite and related rocks: implications for fluid-mediated mass transfer in subduction zones and arc magma genesis; Journal of Petrology 38, 3-34. Department of Paleobiology Baker, R., and Dimichele, W. A. “Biomass Allocation in Late Pennsylvanian Coal-swamp Plants.” Pa/azos 12 (2)(1996):127—132. Behrensmeyer, A. K. “ Learning from Fossils: the Role of Museums in Understanding and Preserving our Paleontological Heritage.” In Partners in Paleontology: Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Fossil Resources 1994 (Natural Resources Report NPS/NRFLFO/NRR-97/o1} (1997):21-23. Edited by M. Johnson and J. McChristal. Florissant, Colorado: U. S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 239 pages. Benson, R. H., and Hayek, L. C. “An Application of Spectral Analysis: Tying Iterative Changes in the Earth's Magnetic Field to Rhythms in Earth Orbital Motion.” Stats 18 (1997):3-8. Buzas, M. A., and Hayek, L. C. “Biodiversity Resolution: an Integrated Approach.” Biodiversity Letters 3 (2)(1996):40—-43. Cheetham, A. H., and Jackson, J. B. C. “Speciation, Extinction, and the Decline of Arborescent Growth in Neogene Quaternary Cheilostome Bryozoa of Tropical America.” In Evolution and Environment in Tropical America (1996):205—233. Edited by J. B. C. Jackson, A. F Budd, and A. G. Coates. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 425 pages. Culver, S. J.; Woo. H. J.; Oertel, G. F; and Buzas, M. A. “Foraminifera of Coastal Depositional Environments, Virginia, U.S. A.: Distribution and Taphonomy.” Pa/azos (5)(1996):459-486. Cunningham, K. J.; Benson, R. H.; Rakic-E] Bied, K.; and McKenna, L. W. “Eustatic Implications of late Miocene Depositional Sequences in the Melilla Basin, Northeastern Morocco.” Sedimentary Geology 107 (3-4)(1997):147-165. Damuth, J.; Behrensmeyer, A. K.; Dimichele, W. A.; Labandeira, C. C.; Potts, R.; and Wing, S. L. ETE Database Manual. Washington, D. C: Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems Consortium, 250 pages. Dimichele, W. A., and Bateman, R. M. “The Rhizomorphic Lycopsids: a Case-study in Paleobotanical Classification.” Systematic Botany 21 (4)(1996):535—552- Dimichele, W. A.; Eble, C. F, and Chaney, D. S. “A Drowned Lycopsid Forest above the Mahoning Coal (Conemaugh Group, Upper Pennsylvanian) in Eastern Ohio, U.S.A.” International Journal of Coal Geology 31 (1—4)(1996):249-276. Dimichele, W. A.; Pfefferkorn, H. W.; and Phillips, T. L. “Persistence of Late Carboniferous Tropical Vegetation During Glacially Driven Climatic and Sea-level Fluctuations.” Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 125 (I-4)(1996):105-128. Dimichele, W. A., and Phillips, T. L. “Clades, Ecological Amplitudes, and Ecomorphs: Phylogenetic Effects and the Persistence of Primitive Plant Communities in the Pennsylvanian-age Tropics.” Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 127 (1—4)(1996):83—106. Durro, J. T., Jr. “The Brachiopod: Amazing Arm-Foot Animal.” American Paleontologist 5 (3)(1997):2-5. . “Presentation of the Gilbert Harris Award to William A. Cobban.” American Paleontologist 5 (3)(1997):8-9. Emry, R. J.; Wang, B.; Tjutkova, L. A.; and Lucas, S.G. “A late Eocene Eomyid Rodent from the Zaysan Basin of Kazakhstan.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 (I) 1997):229-234. Erwin, D. H. Review of “Dinosaur Extinction and the End of an Era: What the Fossils Say,” by J. D. Archibald; “Cretaceous-Tertiary Mass Extinction, Biotic and Environmental Changes,” by N. MacLeod and G. Keller; and “The Great Dinosaur Extinction Controversy,” by C. Officer and J. Page. American Paleontologist 5 (1X1997):9-10. Erwin, D. H.; Valentine, J. W.; and Jablonski, D. “The Origin of Animal Bodyplans.” American Scientist 85 (2X1997):126—137. Erwin, D. H., and Zeigler, W. “Paleontology in Museums and Institutes in the 21st Century.” Kleine Senckenbergrethe No. 25 (1997):69-75. Gastaldo, R. A.; Dimichele, W. A.; and Pfefferkorn, H. W. “Out of the Icehouse into the Greenhouse: a Late Paleozoic Analogue for Modern Global Vegetational Change.” GSA Today 6 (1X1996):1-7. Hayek, L. C., and Buzas, M. A. Surveying Natural Populations (1997). New York: Columbia University Press, 563 pages. Hotton, N. III; Olson, E. C.; and Beerbower, J. R. “Amniote Origins and the Discovery of Herbivory.” In Amniore 184 Origins: Completing the Transition to Land (1997):207—264. Edited by S. S. Sumida and K. L. M. Martin. San Diego: Academic Press, 5,110 pages. Huber, B. T.; Bijma, J.; and Darling, K. “Cryptic Speciation in the Living Planktonic Foraminifer Globigerinella siphonifera (d’Orbigny).” Paleobiology 23 (1)(1997):33—62.- Isaac, G. L., and Behrensmeyer, A. K. “Chapter 2, Geological Context and Paleoenvironments.” In Koohi Fora Research Project Volume 5: Plio-Pleistocene Archaeology (1997):12-53- Edited by G. L. Isaac and B. Isaac. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 596 pages. Korth, W. W., and Emry, R. J. “The Skull of Anchitheriomys and a New Subfamily of Beavers (Castoridae, Rodentia).” Journal of Paleontology 71 (2X1997):343-347- Labandeira, C.C. “Permian Pollen Eating.” {Letter} Sczence 277 (5331)(1997):1422-1423. . “Insect Mouthparts: Ascertaining the Paleobiology or Insect Feeding Strategies.” Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 28 (1997):153-193. Labandeira, C. C.; Phillips, T. L.; and Norton, R. L. “Oribatid Mites and Decomposition of Plant Tissues in Paleozoic Coal-swamp Forests.” Palaios 12 (4)(1997):317—351- Lessios, H. A., and Macintyre, I. G., editors. Proceedings of the &th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996 (1997). Balboa, Panama: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, 2119 pages. Lucas, S. G.; Emry, R. J.; and Bayshashov, B. U. “Zaisanamynodon, a late Eocene Amynodontid (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Kazakhstan and China.” Tertiary Research 17 (1+2)(1996):51—58. . “Eocene Perissodactyla from the Shinzhaly River, Eastern Kazakhstan.” Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 (1)(1997):235-246. Lundquist, J. J.; Culver, S. J.; and Stanley, D. J. “Foraminiferal and Lithologic Indicators of Depositional Processes in Wilmington and South Heyes Submarine Canyons, U. S. Atlantic Continental Slope.” Journal of Foraminiferal Research 27 (3)(1997):209—231. Macintyre, I. G. “Reevaluating the Role of Crustose Coralline Algae in the Construction of Coral Reefs.” In Proceedings of the &h International Coral Reef Symposium (1997):725—730. Edited by H. A. Lessios and I. G. Macintyre. Balboa, Panama: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, 2,119 pages. Macintyre, I. G., and Aronson, R. B. “Field Guidebook to the Reefs of Belize.” In Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium (1997):203—222. Edited by H. A. Lessios and I. G. Macintyre. Balboa, Panama: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, 2,119 pages. Mamay S. H.; Ash, S. R.; and Lyons, P. C. “Charles Brian Read (1907-1979): American Paleoboranist and Geologist.” In Historical Perspective of Early Twentieth Century Carboniferous Paleobotany in North America (W. C. Darrah Volume (1995):225-236. Edited by P. C. Lyons, E. D. Morey, and R. H. Wagner. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America Memoir 185, 404 pages. Neuman, R. B. “Famatinorthis cf. F. turneri Levy and Nullo, 1973 (Brachiopoda, Orthida) from the Shin Brook Formation (Ordovician, Arenig) in Maine.” Journal of Paleontology 71 (5)(1997):812—-815. Oliver, W. A., Jr. “Women and the Ph.D.” Geotzmes 42 (4X1997):4- . “Library of Literature on Fossil Corals.” Foss2/ Cnidaria and Porifera 26 (1)(1997):7-8. . “American Women and the Ph.D.” Foss:! Cnidaria and Porifera 26 (1)(1997):16. . “Origins and Relationships of Colonial Helzophyllum in the Upper Devonian (Givetian) of New York.” Bolerin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Seccién Geolégica) 91 (I-4)(1997):53-60. Pojeta, J., Jr. “Land and Fossils.” American Paleontologist 4 (3)(1996):3. . “Paleontology.” 1997 Britannica Book of the Year (1997):238—239. Edited by David Cahoun. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 928 pages. . “The U.S. Geological Survey Branch of Paleontology and Stratigraphy.” In Partners in Paleontology: Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Fossil Resources 1994 {Natural Resources Report NPS/NRFLFO/NRR-97/ 01} (1997):21-23. Edited by M. Johnson and J. McChristal. Florissant, Colorado: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 239 pages. . “Claudeonychia babini nov. gen. et nov. sp. of Ordovician Ambonychiid Pelecypods from Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.” Geobzos Special Memoir 20 {Actualités Paléontolgiques en l'honneur de Claude Babin} (1997):433-436. Edited by P. R. Racheboef and M. Gayet. Lyon, France: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 504 pages. Sando, W. J. “A Silver Platter History of the International Association for the Study of Fossil Cnidaria and Porifera and Trends in Cnidarian and Poriferan Research, 1971-94.” Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Secctén Geoldgica) 91 (I-4)(1997):5—-33- . “Late Paleozoic Coral Genera and Subgenera. State of the Art, 1814-1994.” Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Seccién Geoldgica) 91 (I-41997):61-71. Schaefer, C. T.; Cole, F. E.; Frobel, D.; Rice, N.; and Buzas, M. A. “An in situ Experiment on Temperature Sensitivity of Nearshore Temperate Benthic Foraminifera.” Journal of Foraminiferal Research 26 (1X1996):53—-63. Sohn, I. G. “On the Central Muscle Attachment Scar Pattern of Suchonella Spizharsky, 1939.” Micropaleontology 42 (4X1997):380-386. . “The Adductor Muscle Attachment Scars in Kirkbyids (Ostracoda).” Micropaleontology 42 (41997):387-389. . “Possible Passive Distribution of Ostracodes by High-altitude Winds.” Micropaleontology 42 (4X1997):390-391. . “New Paleozoic and Triassic Generic and Suprageneric Taxa Proposed during 1996.” Cypris (15)(1997):84-86. Stanley, D. J. “Deltas-Global Change Program at the Smithsonian.” Oceanographie, Limnologie, Hydrologie CH Bulletin Nr. 36 (1997):8-10. . “Mediterranean Deltas: Subsidence as a Major Control of Relative Sea-level Rise.” In Mediterranean Coasts (CIESM Science Series 3, Institute Océanographie} Special Bulletin 18 [Bulletin de l’Institute Océanographique (Monaco)} (1997):35—62. . Review of “Geology of Deltas,” edited by M. N. Ori and G. Postma. Marine Geology (135) (I-4)(1997):163—-164. Stanley, D. J., and Chen, Z. “Neolithic Migrations as Function of Sea-level Controlled Topography in the Yangtze Delta, China.” Geology 24 (12)(1996):1083—1086. Stanley, D. J., and Goodfriend, G. A. “Recent Subsidence of the Northern Suez Canal” Nature 388 (6640)(1997):335—336. Stanley, D. J.; Marc, Y.; and Nir, Y. “Clay Mineral Distributions to Interpret Nile Cell Provenance and Dispersal: II. Coastal Plain from Nile Delta to Northern Israel.” Journal of Coastal Research 13 (2)(1997):506—533.- Stanley, D. J.; McRea, J. E., Jr.; and Waldron, J. C. “Nile Delta Drill Core and Sample Database for 1985—1994: Mediterranean Basin (MEDIBA) Program.” Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Number 37 (1996). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 428 pages. Stanley, D. J.; Warne, A. G.; and Dunbar, J. B. “Eastern Mississippi Delta: Lace Wisconsin Unconformity, Overlying Transgressive Facies, Sea Level and Subsidence.” {Fisk Memorial Volume, One Half Century Later] Engineering Science 45 (1997):359—381. Stanley, D. J., and Wingerath, J. G. “Clay Mineral Distributions to Interpret Nile Cell Provenance and Dispersal: I. Lower River Nile to Delta Sector.” Journal of Coastal Research 12 (4)(1996):911—929. Steneck, R. S.; Macintyre, I. G.; and Reid, R. P. “A Unique Algal Ridge System in the Exuma Cays, Bahamas.” Coral Reefs 16 (1)(1997):29-37. Webb, G. E.; Sando, W. J.; and Raymond, A. “Mississippian Coral Latitudinal Diversity Gradients (Western Interior United States): Testing the Limits of High Resolution Diversity Data.” Journal of Paleontology 71 (5)(1997):7 80-791. Wing, S. L. “Global Warming and Plant Species Richness—a Case Study of the Paleocene/Eocene Boundary.” In Biodiversity I: Understanding and Protecting our Natural Resources (1996):163-185. Edited by E. O. Wilson, D. E. Wilson, and M. L. Reaka-Kudla. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 560 pages. Yochelson, E. L. “The North American Paleontological Conventions: a Personal View.” In Sixth North American Paleontological Convention, Abstracts of Papers; Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. June 9—June 12, 1996 {Special Publication Number 8} (1996): v—viii. Edited by J. E. Repetski. Lawrence, Kansas: The Paleontological Society, 443 pages. 185 . “An Establishment for the Increase and Diffusion of Knowledge’ Marks its lso0th Anniversary.” Research Corporation Annual Report 1995 (1996):6—19. . “Discovery, Collection and Description of the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale Biota by Charles Doolittle Walcott.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 140 (4)(1996):469-545. . “NAPC '96: Sixth North American Paleontological Convention.” Episodes 19 (1)(1996):35. . “The Nation’s Attic’: The Story of the Smithsonian Institution.” In International Year Book 1997 (1997):36—45. Edited by R. Hantula. Columbus, Ohio: Collier-Newfield Publishing Company, 576 pages. . “The Nation's Attic’: The Story of the Smithsonian Institution.” Funk and Wagnells New Encyclopedia, 1997 Yearbook (1997):37-49. Edited by L. L. Bram. Mahwah, New Jersey: K-III Reference Corporation, 496 pages. . Review of “A is for Arctic: Natural Wonders of a Polar World,” by W. A. Lynch. Science Books & Films 33 (2)(1997):46. Department of Vertebrate Zoology Almay, G.R., and C.C. Baldwin. 1996. A New Atlantic Species of Acanthemblemaria (Teleostei: Blennioidei: Chaenopsidae): Morphology and Relationships. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 109(3):419—429. American Ornithologists’ Union. 1997. Forty-first Supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check-list of North American Birds. Auk 114:542-552. (R.C. Banks chairs the check-list committee and was primary author of the supplement.) Baldwin, C.C., and G.D. Johnson. 1996. Interrelationships of Aulopiformes. pp. 355-404. In: Interrelationships of Fishes (M. L. J. Stiassny, L.R. Parenti, and G.D. Johnson, eds.). Academic Press, New York. Baldwin, C.C., G.D. Johnson, and J.R. Paxton. 1997. Protoblepharon rosenblatti, a new genus and species of flashlight fish (Beryciformes: Anomalopidae) from the tropical South Pacific, with comments on anomalopid phylogeny. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110:373—383. Banks, R.C. 1997. The Name of Lawrence’ Flycatcher. Pp 21-24, In: R.W. Dickerman, compiler, The Era of Allan R. Phillips: A Festchrift. Horizons Communications: Albuquerque, NM. Barrow, J., and P.J. Clapham. 1997. A New Birth-interval Approach to Estimating Demographic Parameters of Humpback Whales. Ecology 78:535-546. Browning, M.R. 1997. Taxonomy of Picoides pubescens (Downy Woodpecker) from the Pacfic Northwest. 25-33, In: R.W. Dickerman, compiler, The Era of Allan R. Phillips: A Festchrift. Horizons Communications: Albuquerque, NM. Browning, M.R., and R.C. Banks. 1996. Bombycilla cedrorum Vieillot, [1808] and Troglodytes aedon Vieillot, [1809] (Aves, 186 Passeriformes): Proposed Conservation of the Specific Names. Bull. Zool. Nomenclature 53:187-190. Buhlmann, K.A., and A.H. Wynn. 1996. Geographic Distribution, Gyrinophilus palleucus. Herpetological Review 27(3):147-148. Burns, J.R., S.H. Weitzman, and L. Malabarba. 1997. Insemination in Eight Species of Cheirodontine Fishes (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae). Copeia 1997(2):433—438. Carleton, M.D., and S.M. Goodman. 1996. Systematic studies of Madagascar’s endemic rodents (Muroidea: Nesomyinae): A new genus and species from the Central Highlands. Fieldiana: Zoology, New Series 85:257-283. Clapp, R.B. 1997. Carolina Chickadee “Incubates” Eggless Nest. Raven 68(1):35-36255. . 1997. Egg Dates for Virginia Birds. Virginia Avifauna No. 6, Virginia Society of Ornithology, Lynchburg, Virginia. Pages I~123. Clapp, R.B., and A.C. Mellinger. 1997. Another Instance of a Carolina Chickadee Laying Eggs in Two Nests. Raven 68(1):37—40. Clapham, P.J.; S. Leatherwood; I. Szcezepaniak and R.L. Brownell, Jr. 1997. Catches of Humpback and Other Whales from Shore Stations at Moss Landing and Trinidad, California, 1919-1926. Marine Mammal Science 13:3 68-394. Clapham, P.J., and P.J. Palsboll. 1997. Molecular Analysis of Paternity Shows Promiscuous Mating in Female Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae, Borowski). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Part B 264: 95-98. Collette, B.B. 1996. Results of the Tektite Program: Ecology of Coral Reef Fishes. Iz: M.A. Lang and C.C. Baldwin, eds., Methods and Techniques of Underwater Research. Proceedings of the American Academy Underwater Sciences, 16th Ann. Sci. Diving Symp., pp. 83-87. Collette, B.B., N.V. Parin, M.-L. Bauchor, and M. Beaunier. 1997. Catalogue Critique des Types de Poissons du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (suite). Ordre des Beloniformes. Cybzum 21(1):5-35. de Queiroz, K. 1996. Including the Characters of Interest During Tree Reconstruction and the Problems of Circularity and Bias in Studies of Character Evolution. The American Naturalist 148(4):700-708. . 1996. A phylogenetic approach to biological nomenclature as an alternative to the Linnean systems in current use. In: Proceedings of a mini-symposium on biological nomenclature in the 21st century, J.L. Reveal (ed.). University of Maryland: www.life.umd.edu/bees/96sym.ntml. . 1997. The Linnean hierarchy and the evolutionization of taxonomy, with emphasis on the problem of nomenclature. A/zso 15(2):125—144. de Queiroz, K., and D.A. Good. 1997. Phenetic Clustering in Biology: A Critique. The Quarterly Review of Biology 72 (1):3-30. Dove, C.J. 1997. Quantification of Microscopic Feather Characters Used in the Identification of North American Plovers. The Condor 99:47-57. Duckworth, W.D., S.R. Beissinger, S.R. Derrickson, T.H. ‘Fritts, S.M. Haig, EC. James, J.M. Marzluff, and B.A. Rideout. 1997. The scientific bases for the preservation of the Mariana Crow. National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. Pages i—xi plus 1-91. Ernst, C.H., and G.R. Zug. 1996. Snakes in Question: Smithsonian Answer Book. Smithsonian Institution Press. 203 pp. Frey, J.K., R.D. Fisher, L.A. Ruedas. 1997. Identification and restriction of the type locality of the Manzano Mountains cottontail, Sylvzlagus cognatus Nelson. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110(3):329-331. Gannon, D., Read, A.J., Craddock, J.P., Mead, J.G. 1997. Stomach contents of long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas) stranded on the U.S. Mid-Atlantic coast. Marine Mammal Science 13(3):405—418. Gardner, A.L. 1997. Comments on the proposed conservation of usage of I5 mammals species names based on wild species which are antedated by or contemporary with those based on domestic animals (Case 3010; see BZN 53:28—37). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 54(2):125—126. Ghedorti, M.J., and S.H. Weitzman. 1996. A New Species of Jenynsia (Cyprinodontiformes: Anablepidae) from Brazil with Comments on the Composition and Taxonomy of the Genus. Occasional Papers of the Natural History Museum, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas number 179:1—25. Goodman, S.M., and M.D. Carleton. 1996. The Rodents of the Reserve Naturelle Integrale d’Andringitra. Freldiana: Zoology, New Series, 85:257—-283. Graves, G.R. 1996. Diagnoses of Hybrid Hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae). 2. Hybrid Origin of Eriocnemis soderstromi Burler. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 109(4):764-769. . 1997. Diagnoses of Hybrid Hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae). 3. Parentage of Leshza ortoni Lawrence. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110:314-319. . 1997. Diagnoses of Hybrid Hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae). 4. Hybrid Origin of Calothorax decoratus Gould. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110:320—325 . 1997. Age Determination of Free-living Male Black-throated Blue Warblers During the Breeding Season. Journal of Field Ornithology 68(3):443—449. Graves, G.R., and N.L. Newfield. 1996. Diagnoses of Hybrid Hummingbirds (Aves: Trochilidae). 1. Characterization of Calypte anna x Stellula calliope and the Possible Effects of Egg Volume on Hybridization Potential. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 109(4):755-763. Graves, G.R., M.B. Simpson, Jr., and L.D. Stephens. 1996. Joseph Leconte and the Discovery of the Nest of Swainson’ Warbler (Limnothlypis swainsonit): A Reconsideration. Archives of Natural History 23:287-290. Halliday, T.R., and W.R. Heyer. 1997. The Case of the Vanishing Frogs. Technology Review 100(4):56—63. Handley, C.O., Jr. 1997. Mammals Found in Virginia. Pp. 261-283 In: D.W. Johnston, compiler, A Birder’s Guide to Virginia, American Birding Association, Inc. . 1997. [Comments on the proposed conservation of usage of I5 mammal specific names based on wild species which are antedated by or contemporary with those based on domestic animals (Case 3010; see BZN 53:28-37).} Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 54(2):126—127. Harold, A.S., and S.H. Weitzman. 1996. Interrelationships of Stomiiform Fishes: pp. 333-353. I: Interrelationships of Fishes (M.L.J. Stiassny, L-.R. Parenti, and G.D. Johnson, eds.) Academic Press, New York. Helfman, G.F., B.B. Collette, and D.E. Facey. 1997. The Diversity of Fishes. Blackwell Science, 528 pp. (ichthyology textbook). Heyer, W.R., R. de Sa, J.R. McCranie, and L.D. Wilson. 1996. Leptodaetylus silvanimbus (Amphibia: Anura: Leptodactylidae): Natural History Notes, Advertisment Call, and Relationships. Herpetological Natural History 4:169-174. Heyning, J.E., and J.G. Mead. 1977. Thermoregulation in the mouths of feeding gray whales. Science, 278(5340):1138—1139. Imamura, H., and L.W. Knapp. 1997. A new species of deepwater flathead, Bembras adenensis (Scorpaeniformes: Bebridae) from the western Indian ocean. Ichthyological Research 44(1):9—14. Jewett, S.L., and B.B. Collette. 1997. Obituary: Ernest A. Lachner, 1915—96. Copeza 1997(3):650—-659. Jewett, S.J., and R.P. Vari. 1997. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. pp. 32-33. In: Neotropical Fish Collections, a publication of the International Symposium on Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical fishes and Neotropical Ichthyological Association 9th Annual Meeting. 43 pp. Johnson, G.D., and C. Patterson. 1996. Relationships of lower euteleostean fishes. In: Interrelationships of Fishes (M.L.J. Stiassny, L. Parenti, and G.D. Johnson, eds.), pp 251-332. Academic Press, New York. Kalko, E.K.V.K., C.O. Handley, Jr., and D. Handley. 1996. Organization, Diversity, and Long-term Dynamics of a Neotropical Bat Community. Pp. 503-553, In: Long-term Studies of Vertebrate Communities, M.L. Cody and J.A. Smallwood, eds. Academic Press. Kalko, E.K.V.K., E.A. Herre, and C.O. Handley, Jr. 1996. Relation of Fig Fruit Characteristics to Fruit-eating Bats in the New and Old World Tropics. Journal of Biogeography 23(4):565-576. Knapp, L.W., and H. Imamura. 1997. Status of Platycephalus cantort Bleeker, 11879 (Teleostei: Platycephalidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 110(3):384-387. Lancaster, W. C., and Kalko, E.K.V. 1996. Mormoops blainvillii. Mammalian Species 54:1-s. 187 Laerm, J., Wenzel, F., Cradock, J., Weinand, J., McGurk, J., Harris, M.J., Early, G.A., Mead, J.G., Potter, C.W., Barros, N.B. 1997. New prey species for northwestern Atlantic humpback whales. Marine Mammal Science 13(4):705—71I. Lang, M.A., and C.C. Baldwin (eds.). 1996. Methods and Techniques of Underwater Research. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences Scientific Diving Symposium. Smithsonian Institution. Leviton, A., and G.R. Zug (editors). 1996. Gecko Fauna of the USSR and Neighboring Regions [Szczerbak and Golubev]. Translation. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, NY. i—xi, 233 pp. Losos, J.B., and K. de Queiroz. 1997. Evolutionary Consequences of Ecological Release in Caribbean Anolis Lizards. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 61:459—483. Marshall, J.T. 1997. Allan Phillips and the Flammulated Owl. 86—91, In: R.W. Dickerman, compiler, The Era of Allan R. Phillips: A Festchrift. Horizons Communications: Albuquerque, NM. McCosker, J.E., and D.G. Smith. 1997. Two new Indo-Pacific morays of the genus Uropterygius (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae). Bulletin of Marine Science 60(3):1005—1014. McDiarmid, R.W., T. Toure, and J.M. Savage. 1996. The Proper Name of the Neotropical Tree Boa Often Referred to as Corallus enbydris (Serpentes: Boidae). Journal of Herpetology 30(3):320-326. Mooi, R.D., and G.D. Johnson. 1997. Dismantling the Trachinoidei: Evidence of a Scorpaenoid Relationship for the Champsodontidae. Ichthyological Research 44:143-176. Munroe, T.A., and B.N. Marsh. 1997. Taxonomic Status of Three Nominal Species of Indo-Pacific Symphurine Tonguefishes (Symphurus, Cynoglossidae, Pleuronectiformes). Ichthyological Research 44(2):189-200. Olson, S.L. 1997. Avian Biogeography in the Islands of the Pacific Coast of Western Panama. 69-82, In: R.W. Dickerman, compiler, The Era of Allan R. Phillips: A Festchrift. Horizons Communications: Albuquerque, NM. . 1997. Towards a Less Imperfect Understanding of the Systematics and Biogeography of the Clapper and King Rail Complex (Rallus longirostris and R. elegans). 93-111, In: R.W. Dickerman, compiler, The Era of Allan R. Phillips: A Festchrift. Horizons Communications: Albuquerque, NM. . 1997. In Memoriam: Beatrice Wetmore, 1910-1997. The Auk 114(4):751-753. Olson, S.L., and Y. Hasegawa. 1996. A New Genus and Two New Species of Gigantic Plotopteridae from the Oligocene of Japan (Aves: Pelecaniformes.) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16(4):742-751. Olson, S.L., and H.F. James. 1997. Prehistoric Status and Distribution of the Hawaiian Hawk (Buwreo solitarius), with the First Fossil Record from Kauai. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 49:65-69. Orti, G. , and R.P. Vari. 1997. Order Characiformes, in the “Tree of Life.” http://gragson.genetics.uga.edu/fishtree/ characiformes.html. 188 Palsboll, P.J., J. Allen, M. Berube, P.J. Clapham, T. P. Feddersen, P. Hammond, H. Jorgensen, S. Katona, A.H. Larsen, F. Larsen, J. Lien, D-K. Marcila, J. Sigurjonsson, R. Sears, T. Smith, R. Sponer, P. Stevick, and N. Oien. 1997. Genetic tagging of humpback whales. Nature 388:767-769. Parenti, L.R., and J. Song. 1996. Phylogenetic Significance of the Pectoral/Pelvic Fin Association in Acanthomorph Fishes: A Reassessment Using Comparative Neuroanatomy. Pp. 427-444. In: Interrelationships of Fishes (M.L.J. Stiassny, L.R. Parenti, and G. D. Johnson, eds.). Academic Press, New York. Patterson, C., and G.D. Johnson. 1997. Comments on Begle’s “Monophyly and Relationships of Argentinoid Fishes.” Copeia 1997:401—409. . 1997. The Data, the Matrix, and the Message: Comments on Begle’s “Relationships of the Osmeroid Fishes.” Systematic Biology 46:358—365. Randall, J.E., and C.C. Baldwin. 1997. Revision of the Serranid fishes of the Subtribe Pseudogrammina, with Descriptions of Five New Species. Indo-Pacific Fishes No. 26, 56 pp. Reynolds, R.P., and J. Icochea M. 1997. Amphibians and reptiles of the upper Rio Comainas, Cordillera del Condor. Pp 82-86 In: T.S. Schulenberg and K. Awbrey (Eds), The Cordillera del Céndor region of Ecuador and Peru: A Biological Assessment. Rapid Assessment Working Paper No. 7, Conservation International, Washington, D.C. 231 pp. Robbins, C.B., and E. Van Der Straeten. 1996. Small Mammals of Togo and Benin. II. Rodentia. Mammalia 60(2):23I—242. Rodda, Gordon H., Thomas H. Fritts, and David Chiszar. 1997. The Disappearance of Guam's Wildlife. Bioscience 47(9):565-574- Siaca, R.A., T.H. Fritts, and C. Marquez. 1996. Patrones de Crecimiento de las Tortugas Gigantes de la Isla de Pinzon, Galapagos. p. 121-127 IN: Pefaur, J.E. (ed.) Herpetologia Neotropical: Actas del II Congreso Latinoamericano de Herpetologia. II Volumen, Universidad de los Andes, Merida, Venezuela. 451 pp. Smith, D.G., and E.B. Bohlke. 1997. A review of the Indo-pacific banded morays of the Gymnothorax reticularis group, with descriptions of three new species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 148:177-188. Springer, V.G. 1997. Review of Great White Sharks. 1996. A.P. Klimley and D.G. Ainley, editors, Academic Press. Copeia 1997(2):467—468. Steppan, S.J. 1996. A new Species of Holochilus (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) from the Middle Pleistocene of Bolivia and its Phylogenetic Significance. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16:522—530. Steppan, S.J. 1997. Phylogenetic Analysis of Phenotypic Covariance Structure. I. Contrasting results from Matrix Correlation and Common Principal Component Analyses. Evolution 51(2):571-586. Steppan, S.J. 1997. Phylogenetic Analysis of Phenotypic Covariance Structure. II. Reconstructing Matrix Evolution. Evolution 51(2):587-594. Stiassny, M. L. J., L. R. Parenti, and G. D. Johnson. 1996. Preface. pp. xi-xiii. In: Interrelationships of Fishes (M. L. J. Stiassny, L. R. Parenti, and G. D. Johnson, eds). Academic Press, New York. . (eds.) 1996. Interrelationships of Fishes. Academic Press, New York. 496 pp. Szczerbak, N.N., and M.L. Golubev. 1996. Gecko Fauna of the USSR and Contiguous Regions. [translated by Golubev and Malinsky; edited by Leviton and G. R. Zug}. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO. Thorington, R.W., Jr., and K. Darrow. 1996. Jaw Muscles of Old World Squirrels. Journal of Morphology 230:145-165. Tomer, J.S., R.B. Clapp, and J.C. Hoffman. 1996. Fregata minor, Great Frigatebird in Oklahoma. Bulletin of the Oklahoma Ornithological Society 29(4):34—-35. Valsecchi, E., P. Palsboll, P. Hale, D. Glockner-Ferrari, P. Clapham; F. Larsen, D. Mattila, R. Sears, J. Sigurjonsson, M. Brown, P. Corkeron, and B. Amos. 1997. Microsatellite Genetic Distances Between Oceanic Populations of the Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae). Molecular Biology and Evolution 14:355-362. Van Der Straeten, E., and C.B. Robbins. 1997. Further Studies on Mastomys (Rodentia: Muridae) Types and Generic distinctions among African Muridae. Mztt. Zool. Mus. Berl. 73(1):153-163. Vari, R.P. 1997. Review of Atlas des Poissons d’Eau Douce de Guyane, P. Planquette, P. Keith, and P-Y Le Bail., 1996. Copeta 1997 (1):239—240. Vari, R.P., and H. Ortega. 1997. A New Species from Southeastern Peru (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Chilodontidae): Description, Phylogenetic Discussion, and Comments on the Distribution of Other Chilodontids. Ichthyological Explorations in Freshwaters 8(1):71-80. Voss, R.H., and L.H. Emmons. 1996. Mammalian Diversity in Neotropical Lowland Rainforests: a Preliminary Assessment. Bulletin of the American. Museum of Natural History No. 230. Weitzman, $.H. 1996. Review of SELECTA /GENERA ET SPECIES / PISCIUM / QUOS / IN ITINERE PER BRASILIAM / ANNIS MDCCCXVII-MDCCCXX / JUSSU ET AUSPICIIS / MAXIMILIANI JOSEPHI I./ BAVARIAE REGIS AUGUSTISSIMI / PERACTO / COLLEGIT ET PINGENDOS CURAVIT / Dr. J. B. de SPIX /... / DIGESSIT, DESCRIPSIT ET OBSERVATIONIBUS ANATOMICUS ILLUSTRAVT / Dr. L. AGASSIZ ... 1829. Reprint edition, 1996. Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, 95 Cotta Road, Colombo 8, Sri Lanka. . 1996. Comments on Miniature Freshwater Fishes with an Introduction to the Tetras of rhe Glandulocaudine Tribe Xenurobryconini. Tropical Fish Hobbyist 45(5):136-154. . 1997. Book review: Aquarium Fish (Ills.; from the 1o1 Essential Tips Series) by Dick Mills. D.K. Publishing, 1996. 72 pp. In: AAS, Science Books and Films 33(3):30—81. . 1997. Systematics of deep-sea fishes. 1997. Chapter 2 In; Deep-Sea Fishes, Volume 16 in the Fish Physiology Series, edited by D.J. Randall and A.P. Farrell, Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 43-77. Weitzman, S.H., and J. Burns. 1997. The Miniature Glandulocaudine Tetras, Tribe Xenurobryconini. Tropical Fish Hobbyist 45(6):136—-149. Weitzman, S.H., and L. Palmer. 1997. A New Species of Hyphessobrycon (Teleostei: Characidae) from the Neblina Region of Venezuela and Brazil, with Comments on the Putative “Rosy Tetra Clade.” Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters 7(3):35 pp., I table. - 1997. The Common Serpa Tetra of Aquarists Identified as Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner, 1882). Tropical Fish Hobbyist 45(9):140-150. . 1997. The Rosy Tetra, Hyphessobrycon rosaceus, Its Identification and Brief History as an Aquarium Fish. Tropical Fish Hobbyist 45(11):158—-166. 1997. Bleeding-heart rosy cetras. Tropical fish Hobbyist 46(1):166-171. . 1997. The sicklefin or Robert’ tetra identified as Hyphessobrycon bentost Durbin (1908). Tropical Fish Hobbyist 46(2):150-159. Zug, G.R. 1997. Look Inside Reptiles (review). Science Activities 33(3):44. Zug, G.R., and J.F. Parham. 1996. Age and Growth in Leatherback Turtles, Dermochelys coriacea (Testudines: Dermochelyidae): A Skeletochronological Analysis. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 2(2):244-249. Zusi, R.L. 1996. Family Rynchopidae (Skimmers). Pp. 668— 677. In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and J. Sargaral, eds., Handbook of the Birds of the World. Lynx Editions, Barcelona. Office of Biodiversity Ascorra, C. F. and D. E. Wilson. 1996. Diversidad y Ecologia de los Quiropteros en Pakitza. Pp. 593-612. In: Manu: The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru, D. E. Wilson and A. Sandoval, (eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 679 pp. Dallmeier, F. and A. Alonso (eds.). 1997. Biodiversity assessment and long-term monitoring of the lower Urubamba region in Peru: San Martin-3 and Cashiriari-2 well sites. Smithsonian Institution MAB, Washington, D.C. 600 pages. Dallmeier, F. and J. A. Comiskey (eds.). 1997. Forest biodiversity assessment, monitoring, and evaluation for adaptive management. In: Forest Biodiversity Research, Monutoring and Modeling: Conceptual Background and Old World Case Studies, F. Dallmeier and J. A. Comiskey (eds.). Man and the Biosphere Series, Vol 21. UNESCO and The Parthenon Publishing Group, Carnforth, Lancashire, UK. 189 . (eds.). 1997. Forest Biodiversity Research, Monitoring and Modeling: Conceptual Background and Old World Case Studies. Man and the Biosphere Series, Vol. 21. UNESCO and The Parthenon Publishing Group, Carnforth, Lancashire, UK. . 1997. Outlook on Forest Biodiversity Research, Monitoring, and Modeling Framework. In: Forest Biodiversity Research, Monitoring and Modeling: Conceptual Background and Old World Case Studies, F. Dallmeier and J. A. Comiskey (eds.). Man and the Biosphere Series, Vol. 21. UNESCO and The Parthenon Publishing Group, Carnforth, Lancashire, UK. Gannon, W. L. and D. E. Wilson. 1997. Annotated Bibliography of James S. Findley. Pp. 33-42. In: Life Among the Muses: Papers in Honor of James S. Findley, Yates, T. L., W. L. Gannon, and D. E. Wilson (eds.). Special Publication, Museum of Southwestern Biology, No. 3, 308 pp. Geluso, K. N. and D. E. Wilson. 1997. The Academic Offspring of James S. Findley. Pp. 1-28. In: Life Among the Muses: Papers in Honor of James S. Findley, Yates, T. L., W. L. Gannon, and D. E. Wilson (eds.). Special Publication, Museum of Southwestern Biology, No. 3, 308 pp. Kong, G., Z. L. Huang, F. Dallmeier, J. A. Comiskey, P. Wei, J. M. Mo, D. Q. He, Q. M. Zhang, and Y. J. Wang. 1997. Structure, composition and dynamics of a representative forest in Dinghushan of subtropical China. In: Forest Biodiversity Research, Monitoring and Modeling: Conceptual Background and Old World Case Studies, F. Dallmeier and J. A. Comiskey, (eds.). Man and the Biosphere Series, Vol. 21. UNESCO and The Parthenon Publishing Group, Carnforth, Lancashire, UK. Li, Y., J. A. Comiskey, and F. Dallmeier. 1997. Structure and composition of tropical mountain rain forest at Jianfengling Natural Reserve, Hainan Island, P.R. China. In: Forest Biodiversity Research, Monitoring and Modeling: Conceptual Background and Old World Case Studies, F. Dallmeier and J. A. Comiskey (eds.). Man and the Biosphere Series, Vol. 21. UNESCO and The Parthenon Publishing Group, Carnforth, Lancashire, UK. Miller, C. A., and D. E. Wilson. 1997. Preropus tonganus. Mammalian Species, 552:1-6. Reaka-Kudla, M. L., D. E. Wilson, and E. O. Wilson (eds.). 1996. Biodiversity II: Understanding and Protecting our Biological Resources. Joseph Henry Press, Washington, D.C., 525 PP- Wilson, D. E. 1996. Neotropical Bats: A Checklist with Conservation Status. Pp. 167-177. In: Neotropical Biodiversity and Conservation. Publications of the Mildred E. Mathias Botanical Garden, University of California, Los Angeles, California. - 1997. Bats in Question. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 168 pp. . 1997. Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior of Bats. American Scientist, 85:399-389. Wilson, D. E., F R. Cole, J. D. Nichols, R. Rudran, and M. S. Foster (eds.). 1996. Measuring and Monitoring Biodiversity: 190 Standard Methods for Mammals. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 409 pp. Wilson, D. E., C. F Anderson, and S. Solari. 1996. Bats as Indicators of Habitat Disturbance. Pp. 613-626. In: Manu: The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru, D.E. Wilson and A. Sandoval (eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 679 pp. Wilson, D. E. and A. Sandoval (eds.). 1996. Manu: The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 679 pp. . 1996. Introduction. Pp. 1-28. In: Manu: The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru. D. E. Wilson and A. Sandoval (eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 679 pp. Yates, T. L., W. L. Gannon, and D. E. Wilson (eds.). 1997. Life Among the Muses: Papers in Honor of James S. Findley. Special Publication, Museum of Southwestern Biology, No. 3, 308 pp. Laboratory of Molecular Systematics Berlocher, $.H. and D.L. Swofford. 1997. Searching for phylogenetic trees under the frequency parsimony criterion: an approximation using generalized parsimony. Systematic Biology 46:211-215. Braun, M. J. The Mockingbird. In Fifty Great Birds of Texas, eds. (J. P. O’Neill and S. Winckler) University of Texas Press (in press). Brumfield, R.T., D.L. Swofford, and M.J. Braun. 1997. Evolutionary relationships among the potoos (Nyctibiidae) based on isozymes. Ornithological Monographs 48:129-145 Conant, D.S., Raubeson, L.A., Attwood, D.K., Perera, S., Zimmer, E.A., Sweere, J.A. and Stein, D.B. Phylogenetic and evolutionary implications of combined analysis of cpDNA and morphology in the Cyatheaceae (Tree Ferns). Proceedings of the Royal Botanical Garden Symposium on Pteridophytes, Kew Botanical Gardens Press (in press). Frati, F., C. Simon, J. Sullivan, and D. L. Swofford. 1997. Evolution of the mitochondrial cyrochrome oxidase II gene in Collembola. Joxrnal of Molecular Evolution 44:145-158. Fredericq S. and J.N. Norris. Rhodogorgon and Renouxia . In: Encyclopedia of Algal Genera, E.W. Schneider, Ed. Dioscordides (in press). Gemmill, C.E.C. Pritchardia perlmanii, a new narrow endemic species of loulu (Arecaceae) from Wai’oli Valley, Kaua’i, Hawaiian Islands. Novon (in press). Gemmill, C.E.C. and K. J. Johnson. 1997. Paleoecology of a Late Paleocene (Tiffanian) megaflora from the northern Great Divide Basin, Wyoming. Pa/aios 12:439—448. Gemmiill, C.E.C., T.A. Ranker, D. Ragone, S.P. Perlman, and K.R. Wood. Conservation genetics of the endangered endemic Hawaiian genus Brighamia (Campanulaceae). American Journal of Botany (in press). Givnish, T.J., KJ. Sytsma, J.F Smith, W.J. Hahn, D.H. Benzing, and E.M. Burkhardt. 1997. Molecular evolution and adaptive radiation atop tepuis in Brocchinia (Bromeliaceae: Pitcairnioideae). Pp. 258-311 in: Molecular Evolution and Adaptive Radtation, eds. (T.J. Givnish and K.J. Sytsma), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Glenn, T. C., H. C. Dessauer, and M. J. Braun. Characterization of alligator microsatellites: Implications for studies of the biology and conservation of crocodilians. Copeia. Hershkovitz, M. A. and D. D. Leipe. Phylogenetic analysis. Pp. in: Bzoznformatics: A Practical Guide to the Analysis of Genes and Proteins. eds. (Baxevanis, A. and Ouellette) Wiley, Inc (in press). Glenn, T. C., R. S. Ojerio, W. Stephan, and M. J. Braun. 1997. Microsatellite DNA loci for genetic studies of cranes. in Proceedings of the 7th North American Crane Workshop 7:36—45. Hershkovitz, M. A. and E. A. Zimmer. 1997. On the evolutionary origins of the cacti. Taxon 46:217—-232. Hommersand M.H. and S. Fredericq. 1997. Characterization of Myriogramme livida, Mytiogrammeae trib. nov. (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 33:106-121. . 1997. Characterization of Schizoseris condensata, Schizoserideae trib. nov. (Delesseriaceae, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 33:475—490. Kane, M. D. 1997. Microbial fermentation in insect guts. Pp. 231-265 in: Ecology and Physiology of Gastrointestinal Microbes Vol. 1. Gastrointestinal Fermentations and Ecosystems, eds. (R. I. Mackie, and B. A. White). Chapman and Hall, NY. Maddison, D.R., D.L. Swofford, and W.P. Maddison. 1997. NEXUS: An extensible file format for systematic information. Systematic Biology 46:590—621 McArthur, A.G. and V. Tunnicliffe. Relics and antiquity revisited in the modern vent fauna. In, K. Harrison & R. Mills (eds), Modern Ocean Floor Processes and the Geological Record. Geological Society Special Publication (in press). Mindell, D.P., M. D. Sorenson, C. J. Huddleston, H. C. Miranda, A. Knight, S. J. Sawchuk, and T. Yuri. 1997. Phylogenetic Relationships among and within select avian orders based on mitochondrial DNA. Pp. 173-209 in Avian Molecular Evolution and Systematics, ed. (D.P. Mindell). Academic Press, San Diego. Rogers, J.S. and D.L. Swofford. A fast method for approximating maximum likelihoods of phylogenetic trees from nucleotide sequences. Systematic Biology (in press). Soltis, D.E., P.S. Soltis, D.L. Nickrenc, L.A. Johnson, WJ. Hahn, S.B. Hoot, J.A. Sweere, R.K. Kuzoff, K.A. Kron, M.W. Chase, $S.M. Swensen, E.A. Zimmer, S.-M. Chaw, LJ. Gillespie, WJ. Kress, and K.J. Sytsma. 1997. Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA sequences. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 84:1-49. Staley, J. T., R. W. Castenholz, R. R. Colwell, J. G. Holt, M. D. Kane, N.R. Pace, A. A. Salyers and J. M. Tiedje. 1997. The Microbial World: Foundation of the Biosphere. Report of the American Academy of Microbiology. American Society of Microbiology, 32pp. Sullivan, J., J.-A. Markert, and C.W. Kilpatrick. 1997. Biogeography and molecular systematics of the Peromyscus aztecus group. Systematic Biology 46:426—440. Sullivan, J. and D. L. Swofford. 1997. Are guinea pigs rodents? The importance of adequate models in molecular phylogenetics. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 4:77-86. Swofford, D.L. and M.E. Siddall. 1997. Uneconomical diagnosis of cladograms: Comments on Wheeler and Nixon's method for Sankoff optimization. Cladistics 13:153—I59 Swofford, D.L., J.L. Thorne, J. Felsenstein, and B. M. Wiegmann. 1997. The topology-dependent permutation test for monophyly does not test for monophyly. Systematic Buology 45:575-579 Sytsma, K.J. and WJ. Hahn. 1997. Molecular Systematics:1994—1995. Pp. 470-500 in: Progress in Botany. vol. 57 Springer Verlag, Heidelberg Tunnicliffe, V., A.G. McArthur and D. McHugh. A biogeographical perspective of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent fauna. Advances in Marine Biology (in press). Wen, J., R.K. Jansen and E.A. Zimmer. Phylogeny and biogeography of Aralia sect. Aralia (Araliaceae). Castanea (in press). Smithsonian Marine Station at Link Port Adamkewicz, S. Laura and M. G. Harasewych. 1997. Systematics and biogeography of the genus Donax (Bivalvia: Donacidae) in eastern North America. American Matlacological Bulletin, 13(1/2):97—103. Adamkewicz, S. Laura, M. G. Harasewych, Judith Blake, Deborah Saudek, and Carol J. Bult. 1997. A Molecular Phylogeny of the Bivalved Mollusks. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 14(6):619—629. Bieler, Riidiger. 1997. Stephopoma (Caenogastropoda: Siliquariidae) from the Houtman Abrolhos Islands, Western Australia; with a Review of the Genus. In: F. E. Wells(ed.) The Marine Fauna of the Houtman Abrolhos Island, Western Australian Museum, Paris, 255-280. Brodie, Juliet and James N. Norris. 1996. Life Histories and Morphology of Some Liagora Species (Liagoracea, Rhodophyta) from the Florida Keys, USA. Nova Hedwigia, Betheft, 112:121-134. Felder, Darryl L. and Raymond B. Manning. 1997. Ghost Shrimps of the Genus Lepidophthalmus from the Caribbean Region, with Description of L. richard:, New Species, from Belize (Decapoda: Thalassinidea: Callianassidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 17(2):309—331. Frick, Jennifer E. and Edward E. Ruppert. 1997. Primordial germ cells and oocytes of Branchiostoma virginiae (Cephalochordata, Acrania) are flagellated epithelial cells: relationship between epithelial and primary-egg polarity. Zygote, §:139-151. Frick, Jennifer E. and Edward E. Ruppert. 1996. Primordial Germ Cells of Synaptula hydriformis (Holothuroidea; I9I Echinodermata) Are Epithelial Flagellated-Collar Cells: Their Apical-Basal Polarity Becomes Primary Egg Polarity. The Biological Bulletin, 191:168-177. Gacia, E., M. M. Lirtler and D. S. Littler. 1996. The relationships between morphology and photosynthetic parameters within the polymorphic genus Cawlerpa. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 204:209-224. Harasewych, M. G., S. L Adamkewicz, J. A. Blake, D. Saudek, T. Spriggs, and C. J. Bult. 1997. Neogastropod Phylogeny: A Molecular Perspective. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 63. Harasewych, M. G., S. Laura Adamkewicz, Judith A. Blake, Deborah Saudek, Tracy Spriggs, and Carol J. Bult. 1997. Phylogeny and relationships of pleurotomariid gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda): an assessment based on partial 18S rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase I sequences. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology. 6:(1), 1-20. Harvey, Alan W. 1997. Delayed metamorphosis in Florida hermit crabs: multiple cues and constraints (Crustacea: Decapoda: Paguridae and Diogenidae). Marine Ecology Progress Series. 141:27-36. Hayek, Lee-Ann C. and Martin A. Buzas. 1997. Surveying Natural Populations. Columbia University Press, 563 pp. Heard, Richard W. and Raymond B. Manning. 1997. Austinixa. a new genus of pinnotherid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura), with the description of A. hardy:, a new species from Tobago, West Indies. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 110(3):393-398. Hines, Anson H., Fernando Alvarez and Sherry A. Reed. 1995. Geographic and temporal variation in parasitic castration of xanthid crabs in the rhizocephallan cirripede Loxothylacus panopaet. Bulletin of Marine Science, in press. Jivoff, Paul. 1997. The relative roles of predation and sperm competition on the duration of the post-copulatory association berween the sexes in the blue crab, Ca//inectes sapidus. Behavior Ecology and Sociobiology, 40:17 5-185. Lapointe, Brian E., Mark M. Littler and DS. Littler. 1997. Macroalgal Overgrowth of Fringing Coral Reefs at Discovery Bay, Jamaica: Bottom-Up Versus Top-Down Control. Proceedings 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, 1:927-932. Littler, Diane S. and Mark M. Littler. 1997. An illustrated marine flora of the Pelican Cays, Belize. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 9:1-149. Littler, Mark M. and Diane S. Littler. 1997. Disease-induced mass mortality of crustose coralline algae on coral reefs provides rationale for the conservation of herbivorous fish stocks. Proceedings 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, 1:719-724. Littler, D. S., M. M. Littler and B. L. Brooks. 1995. Marine Algae and Seagrasses from the Tobacco Range Fracture Zone, Belize, C.A. Atoll Research Bulletin, 429:1—43. Littler, M. M., D. S. Littler, B. L. Brooks, and J. F. Koben. 1997. A unique coral reef formation discovered on the Great Astrolabe Reef, Fiji. Coral Reefs, 16:51-54. Manning, Raymond B. 1997. Eunephrops luckhursti, a new deep-sea lobster from Bermuda (Crustacea: Decapoda: 192 Nephropidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 110(2):256—-262. Manning, Raymond B. 1997. Neogonodactylus campt. a new species of stomatopod crustacean from the Caribbean Sea, with additional records for N. caribbaeus (Schotte & Manning). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 110(2):280-284. Manning, R. B. 1996. Virzdotheres marionae, a new genus and species of pinnotherid crab from West Africa (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Zoologische Mededelingen (Lezden) 70:271-273. Manning, Raymond B. and Tin-Yan Chan. 1997. The Genus Faughnia from Taiwan, with the description of a new species (Stomatopoda: Parasquillidae). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 17(3):546-554. Mikhailova, Marina V., Debra L. Bemis, Mitchell L. Wise, William H. Gerwick, James N. Norris and Robert S. Jacobs. 1995. Structure and Biosynthesis of Novel Conjugated Polyene Fatty Acids from the Marine Green Alga Anadyomene stellata. Lipids:30(7), 583-589. N’Yeurt, Antoine D. R., Diane S. Littler and Mark M. Littler. 1996. Avrainvillea rotumensis sp. nov. (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta), a pelcate species from the South Pacific. Phycological Research, 44:81-84. Pires, A. and R. M. Woollacott. 1997. Serotonin and dopamine have opposite effects on phorotaxis in larvae of the bryozoan Bugola neritina. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole), 192:399—409. Roper, Clyde F.E. and Michael Vecchione. 1996. In-Situ observations on Brachioteuthis beaniz Verrill: paired behavior, probably mating; (Cephalopoda, Oegopsida). American Malacological Bulletin, 13(1/2):55—-6o. Rouse, Greg E. and Kristian Fauchald. 1995. The Articulation of Annelids. Zoologica Scripta, 24(4):269—301. Ruppert, Edward E. 1996. Cephalochordata (Acrania). Macroscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, 15: Hemichordata, Chaetognatha, and the Invertebrate Chordates, 349-504. . 1996. Introduction: Microscopic Anatomy of the Notochord, Heterochrony, and Chordate Evolution. Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates, 15: Hemichordata, Chaetognatha, and the Invertebrate Chordates, 1-13. . 1996. Morphology of Hatschek’ Nephridium in Larval and Juvenile Stages of Branchiostoma virginiae (Cephalochordata). Israel Journal of Zoology, 42: S-161-S-182. Ryland, John S. 1997. Reproduction in Zoanthidea (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 31:I-3 177-188. Sankarankutty, C. and Raymond B. Manning. 1997. Observations on Hexapanopeus schmitti Rathbun from Brazil (Crustacea: Decapoda: Xanthidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 110(2):249-255. Winston, Judith E. 1997. Encrusters, Epibionts, and Other Biota Associated with Pelagic Plastics: A Review of Biogeographical, Environmental, and Conservation Issues. In: Marine Debris: Sources, Impact and Solutions, Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Marine Debris, 7:81-97. National Portrait Gallery Office of the Director Carr, Carolyn K. “William Merritt Chase: Girl in White.” In Akron Art Museum: Art Since 1850. an Introduction to the Collection, by Barbara Tannenbaum, Mitchell D. Kahan, and Jeffrey Grove, with additional contributions by Graham WJ. Beal et a/. Akron, Ohio: Akron Art Museum, 1997. Fern, Alan. Foreword to Mathew Brady and the Image of History, by Mary Panzer. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. . “Leadership in Arts—Oxymoron or Opportunity.” Washington, D.C.: The Cosmos Club, Cosmos 1997, PP. 70-73. Fern, Alan, and Albert J. Beveridge III. Foreword to George C. Marshall: Soldier of Peace. by James G. Barber. Washington, D.C. and Lexington, Virginia: National Portrait Gallery and The George C. Marshall Foundation, 1997. Catalog of American Portraits Sisum, Deborah L. “‘A Most Favorable and Srriking Resemblance’: The Virginia Portraits of Cephas Thompson (1775-1856).” Journal of Early Southern Decorative Arts 23, no. 1,(Summer 1997):I-89. Department of History Barber, James G. George C. Marshall: Soldier of Peace. Washington, D.C.: National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution and The George C. Marshall Foundation, 1997. Henderson, Amy, and Dwight Blocker Bowers. Introduction and progam notes for Star Spangled Rhythm: Voices of Broadway and Hollywood (4-CD set). Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. . Red, Hot & Blue Songbook: Classic Songs from Great American Musicals. New York: Universe, 1997. Peale Family Papers Hart, Sidney. Essay review of Public Culture in the Early Republic: Peale’s Museum and Its Audience, by David A. Brigham. Archives of American Art Journal 36(Winter 1996 {1997]}):11—-16. - Review of John Quincy Adams: A Public Life, a Private Life, by Paul C. Nagel. The Philadelphia Inquirer, November 30, 1997. Ward, David C. “‘Morgenland’: The Poetry of Robert Morgan.” North Carolina Literary Review 6 (Sammer 1997):124-29. . “Love Again’: Larkin and Obscenity.” The Sewanee Review 105 (Spring 1997):227—43. . “Lighting Out for the Territories: American Expatriates, Paris, and Modernism.” The Sewanee Review 105 (Summer 1997):423-27. . Essay review of Landscape and Memory, by Simon Schama, and Flesh and Stone, by Richard Sennett. Archives of American Art Journal 36 (Winter 1996 [1997}): 23-26. . Review of Agent of Destiny: The Life and Times of Winfzeld Scott, by John Eisenhower. The Philadelphia Inguzrer, January I1, 1997, 8. . Review of Daniel Webster: The Man and His Time, by Robert Remini. The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 14, 1997, 7- . Review of Robert Penn Warren, by Joseph Blotner. The Boston Book Review, July/August 1997, 16. Department of Photographs Panzer, Mary C. Foreword to Mary Ellen Mark: Portraits. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. . Mathew Brady and the Image of History. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. . ed. “Mathew Brady's National Portrait Gallery Gazette.” Washington, D.C.: National Portrait Gallery, 1997. .ed. Mathew Brady's Portraits: A Web-site. National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, 1997. Department of Prints and Drawings Reaves, Wendy Wick. “Celebrity Caricature and Material Culture.” The Grapevine (November 1996):1-2. Wagner, Ann Prentice. “‘The Artist Prints: Thirty-Five Years at Crown Point Press’ at The National Gallery of Art.” The Washington Print Club Quarterly (Fall 1997):11-14. . “The Graver, the Brush, and the Ruling Machine: The Training of Late-Nineteenth-Century Wood Engravers.” In The Cultivation of Artists in Nineteenth Century America. Edited by Georgia B. Barnhill, Diana Korzenik, and Caroline F. Sloatt. Worcester, Mass.: American Antiquarian Society, 1997. . “Michelangelo and His Influence: Walking Tour by Andrew Robison.” The Washington Print Club Quarterly (Spring 1997):2—4. Walker, LuLen. “A Jazz Era Portfolio at the National Portrait Gallery.” The Washington Print Club Quarterly (Winter 1996-97):3-44. . “Le Tumulte Noir: Paul Colin's Jazz Age Portfolio.” Brochure for the National Portrait Gallery exhibition, January 31-September 14, 1997. Brochure was also published in the Chicago Art Deco Society Magazine (Spring 1997):13-15. . “Tour of Biennial Exhibition: ‘Go Out Into the Street,’” The Washington Print Club Quarterly (Spring 1997):9- 193 National Postal Museum Office of the Director Bruns, James H. Great American Post Offices. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1997. . Motorized Mail. Iola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications, 1997. . Reaching Rural America. Ord, Nebraska: Quiz Graphics, 1997. . Horse-Drawn Mail Vehicles. Rochelle, Illinois: Rochelle Printing Company, 1996. National Zoological Park Allen, M. E., O. T. Oftedal. 1996. “Essential nutrients in mammalian diets.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 117-128. Allen, M. E., O. T. Oftedal, D. J. Baer. 1996. “The feeding and nutrition of carnivores.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 139-147. Baker, A. J., A. M. Baker, K. V. Thompson. 1996. “Parental care in captive mammals.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 497-512. Ballou, J. D. 1996. “Small population management: contraception of golden lion tamarins.” In: Contraception in Wildlife. Book 1. (Eds: Cohn, P. N., E. D. Plotka, U.S. Seal.) Lewiston, NY: The Edwin Mellen Press, 339-358. Ballou, J. D., and T. J. Foose. 1996. “Demographic and genetic management of captive populations.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 263-283. Ballou, J. D. 1997. “Genetic and demographic aspects of animal reintroductions.” Supplemento alle ricerche di biologia della selvaggina. Bologna: National Institute of Wildlife. XXVII:75-95. . 1997. “Genetic and demographic modeling for animal colony and population management.” Institute for Laboratory Animal Research 38:69-75. . 1997. “Ancestral inbreeding only minimally affects inbreeding depression in mammalian populations.” Journal of Heredity 88:169—-178. Boness, D. J. 1996. “Water quality management in aquatic mammal exhibits.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 231-242. Boness, D. J. and W. D. Bowen. 1996. “The evolution of maternal care in pinnipeds.” BzoScience 46(9):645—654. 194 Brody, A. J., K. Ralls, D. B. Siniff. 1996. “Potential impact of oil spills on California sea otters: Implications of the Exxon Valdez spill in Alaska.” Marine Mammal Science 12:38-53. Brown, J. L., and D. E. Wildt. 1997. “Assessing reproductive status in wild felids by non-invasive faecal steroid monitoring.” International Zoo Yearbook 35:173—-191. Bush, M. 1997. “Clinical challenge.” Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 28(2):220—221. Carlstead, K. 1996. “Effects of captivity on the behavior of wild mammals.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 317—333. Carter, C. S., and L. S. Roberts. 1997. “The psychobiological basis of cooperative breeding in rodents.” In: Cooperative breeding in mammals. (Eds: Solomon, N. G., and J. A. French) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 231-266. Castro, M.I., B. B. Beck, D. G. Kleiman, and C. Ruiz-Miranda. 1997. “Environmental enrichment in a reintroduction program for golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia).” In: Second Nature: Environmental Enrichment for Captive Animals. (Eds: Shepherdson, D. J., J. D. Mellen, M. Hutchins.) Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 113-128. Cooper, A. C., J. Rhymer, H., $. Olson, C. McIntosh, M. Sorenson, R. C. Fleischer. 1996. “Ancient DNA and island endemics.” Nature 381:484. Creel, S., N. M. Creel, and S. L. Monfort. 1997 “Radiocollaring African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) does not cause chronic stress.” Conservation Biology 10:1-6. Cunningham, C., and J. Berger. 1997. Horn of Darkness: Rhinos on the Edge. New York: Oxford University Press. Fajardo, M. FE, M. A. Ramos, and J. H. Rappole. 1997. “Platyrinchus cancrominus.” In Historia Natural de los Tuxtlas. (Eds. E. G. Soriano, R. Dirzo, and R. C. Vogt) Mexico D. F., Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 562-64. Ferrell, S. T., L. K. Richman, M. Bush, R. J. Montali, and L. Tell. 1997. “Parelaphostrongylus tenuis (meningeal worm) in scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah).” Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 28(2):221-223. Fleischer, R. C. 1996. “Application of molecular methods to the assessment of genetic mating systems in vertebrates.” In: Molecular Zoology: Advances, Strategies, and Protocols. (Eds: Ferraris, J. D.,S. R. Palumbi.) New York: Wiley-Liss, 133—IGI. Fleischer, R. C. and S. Loew. 1996. “Construction of microsatellite-enriched genomic libraries.” In: Molecular Zoology: Advances, Strategies and Protocols. (Eds: Ferraris, J. D., S. R. Palumbi.) New York: Wiley-Liss, 461-468. Fleischer, R. C., C. L. Tarr, E. S. Morton, A. Sangmeister, K. C. Derrickson. 1997. “Mating system of the dusky antbird, a tropical passerine, as assessed by DNA fingerprinting.” Condor 99:512-514. Good, S. V., D. F Williams, K. Ralls, and R. C. Fleischer. 1997. “Population structure of Dipidomys ingens (Heteromyizdae): The role of spatial heterogeneity in maintaining genetic diversity.” Evolution 51:1296—I310. Grand, T. I. 1996. “Disposal versus disposition: The role of a comparative anatomist in a zoological park.” In: Wild Mammals tn Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 571-578. 1997. “How muscle mass is part of the fabric of behavioral ecology in East African bovids.’(Madogua., Gazella, Pamaliscus, Hippotragus)." Anatomy and Embryology 195:375-386. Hildebrandt, T., F Goeritz, N. Pratt, D. Schmitt, J. Lehnhardr, R. Hermes, S. Quandt, J. Raath, G. West, and R. Montali. 1997. “Assessment of health and reproductive status in African and Asian elephants by transrectal ultrasonography.” AAZV Proceedings:207-212. Howard, J. G., T. L. Roth, W. F. Swanson, J. L. Buff, M. Bush, J. Grisham, L. Marker-Kraus, D. Kraus, and D. E. Wildt. 1997. “Successful intercontinental genome resource banking and artificial insemination with cryopreserved sperm in cheetahs.” Proceedings of the American Society of Andrology, Abstract 123:55. Howard, J. G., T. L. Roth, and D. E. Wildt. 1997. “Sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins for ovulation induction and laparascopic artificial insemination in the cheetah and clouded leopard.” Biology of Reproduction 56:1059—-1068. Howard, J. G., K. Wolf, A. Vargas, P. Marinari, J.Kreeger, L. Williamson, and D. Wilde. 1997. “Enhanced reproductive efficiency and pregnancies after artificial insemination in black-footed ferrets.” In American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Annual Conference. Ibrahim, S. A., J. W. Avery, P.J. Weldon, and J. W. Wheeler. 1997. “Age-class differences in lipids from the paracloacal glands of the American alligator (A//igator mississippiensis).” Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung. Kania, S., L. Richman, M. Kennedy, R. J. Montali, and L. N. D. Potgieter. 1997. “The isolation, detection and cross-reactivity of Asian elephant IgG for the development of serological diagnostic tests.” Journal of Veterinary Allergy and Clinical Immunology 5(4):125-128. Kleiman, D. G. 1996. Preface and introduction to parts 4, 6, and 7. In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M.E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, xv—xvi, 243-245, 377-378, 529-530. . 1996. “Reintroduction programs.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 297-305. . 1996. “Special research strategies for zoos and aquariums and design of research programs.” In: The Well-being of Animals in Zoo and Aquarium Sponsored Research. (Eds: Burghardt, G. M., J. T. Bielitzki, J. R. Boyce, and D. O. Schaeffer) Greenbelt, MD: Scientists Center for Animal Welfare, 15—22. . 1997. Book review of E. F. Gibbons, Jr., (Eds. B.S. Durrant, and J. Demarest ) “Conservation of endangered species in captivity—an interdisciplinary approach.” Journal of Wildlife Management. 62. Kleiman, D. G., M. Allen, K. Thompson, and S. Lumpkin (Eds.) 1996. Wild Mammals in Captivity. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Koontz, F. W., J. L. Wellington, and P. J. Weldon. 1997. “The external gland of the rufous elephant-shrew, Elephantulus rufescens: anatomy, growth, and secretion composition.” Advances in Chemical Signals in Vertebrates. Loew, S, and R. C. Fleischer. 1996. “Multilocus DNA fingerprinting.” In: Molecular Zoology: Advances, Strategies and Protocols. (Eds: Ferraris, J. D., and S. R. Palumbi) New York: Wiley-Liss, 456-461. McCullough, D.R., J. K. Fischer, and J. D. Ballou. 1996. “From bottleneck to metapopulation: recovery of the Tule elk in California.” In: Metapopulations and Wildlife Conservation. (Ed: McCullough, D. R.) Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 375-404. McDonald, M. V. 1997. “Kentucky warbler.” In Biographies of North American Birds. American Ornithologists’ Union. McShea, W. J. 1997. “Variable song rates in three species of passerines and implications for estimating bird populations.” Journal of Field Ornithology 68(3):367-375. McShea, W. J., and J. H. Rappole, 1997. “The science and politics of managing deer within a protected area.” W2/dlife Society Bulletin 25(2):443-46. McShea, W. J., B. Underwood, and J. H. Rappole, 1997. The Science of Overabundance: Deer Ecology and Population Management. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Instircution Press. Mattern, D. L., W. D. Scott, C. A. McDaniel, P. J. Weldon, and D. E. Graves. 1997. “Cembrene-A and a congeneric ketone isolated from the paracloacal gland of the Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis).” Journal of Natural Products 60:828—831. Miller, B., R. P. Reading, and S. Forrest. 1997. Prairie Night. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. Montali, R. J., T. Hildebrandt, F. Goritz, R. Hermes, R. Ippen, and E. Ramsay. 1997. “Ultrasonography and pathology of genital tract leiomyomas in captive Asian elephants: implications for reproductive soundness.” Verhandlungen Bericht Erkrankungen Zoottere 38:253-258. Montgomery, M. E., J. D. Ballou, R. K. Nurthen, P.R. England, D. B. Briscoe, and R. Frankham. 1997. “Minimizing kinship in captive breeding programs.” Zoo Biology 16:377-389. Murray, S., L. A. Tell, and M. Bush. 1997. “Zinc toxicosis in a Celebes ape (Macaca nigra) following ingestion of pennies.” Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 28(1):101-104. Nusser, J. A., R. Goto, D. Ledig, R. C. Fleischer, and M. M. Miller. 1996. “Genetic diversity of populations of the endangered light-footed clapper rail revealed by RAPD analysis.” Molecular Ecology 5:463—472. Oftedal, O. T., and M. E. Allen. 1996. “Nutrition and dietary evaluation in zoos.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: 195 Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 109-116. . 1996. “The feeding and nutrition of omnivores with emphasis on primates.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 148-158. Oftedal, O. T., D. J. Baer, and M. E. Allen. 1996. “The feeding and nutrition of herbivores.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 129-138. Oftedal, O. T., W. D. Bowen, and D. J. Boness. 1996. “Lactation performance and nutrient deposition in pups of the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) on ice floes off southeast Labrador. Physiological Zoology 69:635—-657. Oftedal, O. T., T. C. Chen, and J. Schulkin. 1997. “Preliminary observations on the relationship of calcium ingestion to vitamin D status in the green iguana (Iguana iguana).” Zoo Biology 16:201-207. Ono, K. A., and D. J. Boness. 1996. “Sexual dimorphism in sea lion pups: differential maternal investment, or sex-specific differences in energy allocation?” Behavioral Ecology and Soctobiology:38, 31-41. Paxinos, E., C. McIntosh, K. Ralls, and R. Fleischer. 1997. “A non-invasive method for distinguishing among canid species: amplification and enzyme restriction of DNA from dung.” Molecular Ecology 6:483—486. Pessier, A., C. Stringfield, J. Tragle, H. Holshuh, D. Nichols, and R. Montali. 1997. “Cerebrospinal Nematodiasis due to Baylisascaris sp.” In Golden-Headed Lion Tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas): Implications for Management. American Association of Zoo Veterinarians’ Proceedings:245-247. Piper, W. H., D. C. Evers, M. W. Meyer, K. B. Tischier, J. D. Kaplan, and R. C. Fleischer. 1997. “Genetic monogamy in the common loon (Gavia immer).” Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 41:25—-31. Power, M. L., and O. T. Oftedal. 1996. “Differences among captive callitrichids in the digestive responses to dietary gum.” American Journal of Primatology 40:131-144. Power, M. L., O. T. Oftedal, A. Savage, E. S. Blumer, L. H. Soto, T. C. Chen, and M. F. Holick. 1997. “Assessing vitamin D status of callitrichids: baseline data from wild cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) in Colombia.” Zoo Biology 16:39-46. Pukazhenthi, B.S., K. M. Pell, D. E. Wildr, and J. G. Howard. 1997. “Sensitivity of domestic cat sperm to cold-induced acrosomal damage.” Proceedings of the American Society of Andrology, Abstract 66. Pukazhenthi, B. S., D. E. Wildt, K. M. Pell, and J. G. Howard. 1997. “Slow cooling prevents cold-induced sperm acrosomal damage in the teratospermic domestic cat.” Proceedings of the Society for the Study of Reproduction, 97. Ralls, K., D. DeMaster, and J. Estes. 1996. “Developing a delisting criterion for the southern sea otter under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.” Conservation Biology 10, 1528-1537. 196 Ralls, K. 1997. “A conservation biologist’s toolbox.” Society for Conservation Biology Newsletter 4(1):21. . 1997. “On becoming a conservation biologist: autobiography and advice.” In: Behavioral Approaches to Conservation in the Wild. (Eds: Clemmons, J., and R. Buchholz) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 356-372. . 1997. Review of Prairie Night: Black-footed Ferrets and the Recovery of Endangered Species. Quarterly Review of Biology 72, 2M-212. Ralls, K., and L. L. Eberhardt. 1997. “Assessment of abundance of San Joaquin kit fox by spotlight surveys.” Journal of Mammalogy 78:65-73. Ralls, K., and B. L. Taylor. 1997. “How viable is population viability analysis?” In: The Ecological Baszs of Conservation: Heterogeneity. Ecosystems, and Biodiversity. (Eds: S. T. A. Pickett, R. S. Ostfield, M. Shachak, and G. E. Likens) New York: Chapman and Hall, 228-235. Richman, L., R. Montali, D. Nichols, and D. Lightner. 1997. “A newly recognized fatal baculovirus infection in freshwater crayfish.” American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Proceedings, 262-264. Rappole, J. H., M. A. Ramos, K. Winker, R. J. Oehlenschlager, and D. W. Warner. 1997. “Aves migratorias nearticas.” In Hzstoria Natural de los Tuxtlas. Eds. E. G. Soriano, R. Dirzo, and R. C. Vogt, 545-56. Robinson, Michael H. 1997. “Multimedia in living exhibits: now and then.” Museum News. July/August 1997, 38-43. . 1997. “Spiders vs. moth.” Muse Magazine, May 1997, 8-13. Rodden, M. D., L. G. Sorenson, A. Sherr, and D. G. Kleiman. 1996. “Use of behavioral measures to assess reproductive status in maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus).” Zoo Biology 15(6):565—585. Roth, T. L., B. A. Wolfe, J. A. Long, J. G. Howard, and D. E. Wilde. 1997. “Effects of equine chorionic gonadotropin, human chorionic gonadotropin and laparoscopic artificial insemination on embryo, endocrine and luteal characterics in the domestic cat.” Biology of Reproduction 57:165—-171. Ryder, O. A., and R. C. Fleischer. 1996. “Genetic research and its application.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 255-262. Simon, C., L. Nigro, J. Sullivan, et al. 1996. “Large differences in substitutional pattern and evolutionary rate of 12S ribosomal RNA genes.” Molecular Biology and Evolution 13:923—932. Snyder, N. F. R., S. R. Derrickson, S. R. Beissinger, J. W. Wiley, T. B. Smith, W. D. Toone, and B. Miller. 1997. “Limitations of captive breeding: reply to Hutchins, Wiese, and Willis.” Conservation Biology 11(1):3-5 . . 1997. “Limitations of captive breeding: reply to Gippoliti and Carpaneto.” Conservation Biology 11(3):808-810. Sorenson, M. D., and R. C. Fleischer. 1996. Multiple independent transpositions of mitochondrial DNA control region sequences to the nucleus." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 9321523915243. Sorenson, L. G., P. M. Nolan, A. M. Brown, S. R. Derrickson, and S. L. Monfort. 1997. “Hormonal dynamics during mate choice in the northern pintail: a test of the "challenge" hypothesis." Animal Behavior 54:1117-1133. Stutchbury, B. J., W. H. Piper, D. L. Neudorf, S. A. Tarof, J. A. Rhymer, G. Fuller, and R. C. Fleischer. 1997. “Correlates of extra-pair fertilization success in hooded warblers.” Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology 40:119-126. Sukumar, R., V. Krishnamurthy, C. M. Wemmer, and M. Rodden. 1997. “Demography of captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Southern India.” Journal of Zoo Biology 16:263-272. Swanson, W. FE, and D. E. Wildt. 1997. “Strategies and progress in reproductive research involving small cat species.” International Zoo Yearbook 35:152-159. Tell, L. A., D. K. Nichols, W. P. Fleming, and M. Bush. 1997. “Cryptococcosis in tree shrews (Tzpaia tana and Tupaia minor) and elephant shrews (Macroscelides proboscides).” Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 28(2):17 5-181. Thompson, K. V. 1996. “Behavioral development and play.” In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 352-371. . 1996. Introduction to parts 3 and 5. In: Wild Mammals in Captivity. (Eds: Kleiman, D. G., M. E. Allen, K. V. Thompson, et al.) Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 159-160; 315-316. Weldon, P. J. and J. H. Rappole. 1997. “A survey of birds odorous or distasteful to humans: possible indications of chemical defense.” Journal of Chemical Ecology 23 (11):2609—2633. Wemmer, C. 1997. “The challenge of conserving large mammals, with an emphasis on deer.” In The Science of Overabundance: Deer Ecology and Population Management. Ed.: W. J. McShea, H. B. Underwood, and J. H. Rappole. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. Wemmer, C., M. Rodden, and C. Pickett. 1997. “Publication trends in zoo biology: a brief analysis of the first 15 years.” Zoo Biology 16:3-8. Wheeler, J. W., L. Nyalley, D. M. Davis, and P. J. Weldon. 1997. “Additional sulfur compounds from the anal glands of the striped polecat (Ictonyx striatus).” Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung. 52¢:283-285. . 1997. “3-ethyl-1, 2-pentanedithiolane and 1,3-pentanedithiol in the anal gland secretions of the striped polecat (Ictonyx striatus).” Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung. White, P. J.,C. A. Vanderbilt-White, and K. Ralls. 1996. “Functional and numerical responses of kit foxes to short-term decline in mammalian prey.” Journal of Mammalogy 77:370-376. Wildt, D. E., J. L. Brown, and W. F. Swanson. 1997. Reproduction in Felids. Wildt, D. E., W. F. Rall, J. K. Critser, S. L. Monfort, and U. S. Seal. 1997. “Genome resource banks: ‘Living collections’ for biodiversity conservation.” BzoScience. Wildt, D. E. and T. L. Rogh. 1997. “Assisted reproduction for managing and conserving threatened felids.” International Zoo Yearbook 35:164—172. Wolfe, B., M. Bush, S. Monfort, S. Mumford, M. Allen, O. Oftedal, A. Pessier, and R. Monrali.. 1997. “Ureteral and intestinal obstruction associated with abdominal fat necrosis in a herd of Eld’s deer: suspected fescue toxicosis.” American Association of Zoo Veterinarians’ Proceedings, 177-179. Wood, T., R. J. Montali, and D. Wildt. 1997. “Follicle-oocyte atresia and temporal taphonomy in cold-stored domestic cat ovaries.” Molecular Reproduction and Development 46:190—200. Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Abada-Simon, M.; Lecacheux, A.; Aubier, M.; and Bookbinder, J. A. “High Resolution Dynamic Spectrum of a Spectacular Radio Burst from the Flare Star AD Leonis.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 321 (1997): 841. Abbott, M.; Kilsdonk, T.; Christian, C.; Olson, E.; Conroy, M.; Herrero, J.; and Brissenden, R. “ETOOLS: Tools for Photon Event Data.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems VI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 96. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Abbott, M.; Kilsdonk, T.; Olson, E.; Christian, C.; Conroy, M.; Brissenden, R.; Van Stone, D.; and Herrero, J. “ETOOLS: Tools for Photon Event Data.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 101, eds. G. H. Jacoby and J. Barnes, p. 57. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Abraham, E. R. I.; McAlexander, W. I.; Gercon, J. M.; Hulet, R. G.; Coté, R.; and Dalgarno, A. “Singlet s-Wave Scattering Lengths of “Li and ’Li.” Physical Review A 53 (1996): 3713. Abraham, E. R. I.; McAlexander, W. I.; Gerton, J. M.; Huler, R. G.; and Dalgarno, A. “Triplet s-Wave Resonance in Ti Collisions and Scattering Lengths of “Li and 7Li.” Physical Review A 55 (1997): R3299. Accomazzi, A.; Eichhorn, G.; Kurtz, M. J.; Grant, C. S.; and Murray, S. S. “Astronomical Information Discovery and Access: Design and Implementation of the ADS Bibliographic Services.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems VI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Sertes, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 357. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Accomazzi, A.; Grant, C. S.; Eichhorn, G.; Kurtz, M. J.; and Murray, S. S. “The ADS Article Service Data Holdings and 197 Access Methods.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 101, eds. G. H. Jacoby and J. Barnes, p. 558. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Antonucci, E.; Kohl, J.; Noci G.; Tondello, G.; Huber, M. C. E.; Gardner, L. D.; Nicolosi, P.; Giordano, S.; Spadaro, D.; Ciaravella, A.; Raymond, J. C.; Naletto, G.; Fineschi, S.; Romoli, M.; Siegmund, O. H. W.; Benna, C.; Michels, J.; Modigliani, A.; Panasyuk, A.; Pernechele, C.; Smith, P. L.; Strachan, L.; and Ventura, R.; “Velocity Fields in the Solar Corona During Mass Ejections as Observed With UVCS- SOHO.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 490 (1997): 183. Antonucci, E.; Noci, G.; Kohl, J. L.; Tondello, G.; Huber, M. C. E.; Giordano, S.; Benna, C.; Ciaravella, A.; Fineschi, S.; Gardner, L. D.; Martin, R.; Michels, J.; Naletto, G.; Nicolosi, P.; Panasyuk, A.; Raymond, J. C.; Romoli, M.; Spadaro, D.; Strachan, L.; and van Ballegooijen, A. “First Results from UVCS: Dynamics of the Extended Corona.” In First Advances in Solar Physics Euroconference, Advances in the Physics of Sunspots, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 118, eds. B. Schmieder, J. C. del Toro Iniesta, and M. Vasquez, p. 273. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Avrett, E.; Hoflich, P.; Uitenbroek, H.; and Ulmschneider, P. “Temporal Variations in Solar Chromospheric Modeling.” In Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun: Ninth Cambridge Workshop, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 109, eds, R. Pallivicini and A. K. Dupree, p.105. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Ayres, T.; Simon, T.; Stauffer, J.; Scern, R.; Pye, J.; and Brown, A. “Sleuthing the Dynamo: Hubble Space Telescope Faint Object Spectrograph Observations of Solar-Type Dwarfs in Young Galactic Clusters.” Astrophysical Journal 473 (1996): 279. Badran, H. M.; Boyle, P. J.; Fegan, D. J.; Harris, K.; Plouin, F.; Pomerade, D.; Fleury, P.; Urban, M.; and Weekes, T. C. “A New Optical Filter for the ARTEMIS Experiment.” In Proceedings of the 25th International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), vol. 5, eds. M. S. Potgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p. 185. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. Badran, H. M.; Urban, M.; and Weekes, T. C. “Development of a Filter for Operation of Atmospheric Cerenkov Telescopes Close to the Moon.” Nuclear Instruments and Methods A 385 (1997): 258. Baliunas, S.; Frick, P.; Sokoloff, D.; and Soon, W. “Timescales and Trends in the Central England Temperature Data (1659-1990): A Wavelet Analysis.” Geophysical Research Letters 24 (1997): 1351. Baliunas, S. L.; Henry, G. W.; Donahue, R. A.; Fekel, F. C.; and Soon, W. H. “Properties of Sun-Like Stars with Planets: #' Cnc, T Bod, and + And.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 474 (1997): Lu19. Baliunas, S., and Soon, W. “The Sun-Climate Connection.” Sky & Telescope 92 (1996): 38. 198 Ball, R.; Meixner, M.; Keto, E.; Arens, J. F; and Jernigan, J. G. “Thermal Dust Imaging of the Ultracompact HII Region G29.96—0.02.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 1645. Barbera, M.; Collura, A.; Dara, A.; Leone, M.; Powell, F. R.; Serio, S.; Varisco, S.;and Zombeck, M. V. “Effects of Interference and Oxidation on the UV/Visible Rejection Properties of Filters for Soft X-Ray Detectors.” Journal of Experimental Astronomy 7(1) (1997): 51- Barbera, M.; Collura, A.; Dara, A.; Serio, S.; and Zombeck, M. V. “Calibration of the AXAF-HRC UV/Ion Shields at the Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo G. S. Vaiana: IV — UV Rejection Measurements.” In EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy VII, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 2808, eds. O. H. Siegmund and M. A. Gummin, p. 108. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Barnes, P. J., and Myers, P.C. “A New Milky Way Concordance.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 109 (1997): 461. Barrado, D., and Scauffer, J. “The Lichium Abundance in Binaries of the Hyades Open Cluster.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 310 (1996): 879. Barrado, D.; Stauffer, J.; Hartmann, L.; and Balachandran, S. “The Age of Gliese 879 and Fomalhaut.” Astrophysical Journal 475 (1997): 313- Barret, D.; McClintock, J. E.; and Grindlay, J. E. “Luminosity Differences Between Black Holes and Neutron Stars.” Astrophysical Journal 463 (1996): 963. Barsony, M.; Kenyon, S. J.; Lada, E. A.; and Teuben, P. J. “A Near-Infrared Imaging Survey of the # Ophiuchi Cloud Core.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 12 (1997): 109. Bartel, N.; Chandler, J. F; Ratner, M. I.; and Shapiro, I. I. “VLBI Position Determinations for the Millisecond Pulsar B1937+21.” In Pulsars: Problems & Progress, Proceedings of [AU Colloquium No. 160, Astronomical Soctety of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 105, eds. S. Johnston, M. A. Walker, and M. Bailes, p. 111. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Barth, A. J.; Ho, L. C.; Filippenko, A. V.; Gorjian, V.; Malkan, M.; and Sargent, W. L. W. “Hubble Space Telescope Images of Nuclear Rings in Barred Galaxies.” In Barred Galaxies, Proceedings of [AU Colloquium No. 157, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 91, eds. R. Buta, D. A. Crocker, and B. G. Elmegreen, p. 94. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Barth, A. J.; Ho, L. C.; Filippenko, A. V.; and Sargent, W. L. W. “A WFPC2 Search for Ultraviolet Emission from LINERs.” In The Physics of LINERs in View of Recent Observations, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 103, eds. M. Eracleous, A. Koratkar, C. Leitherer, and L. Ho, p. 153. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Barth, A. J.; Reichert, G. A.; Filippenko, A. V.; Ho, L. C.; Shields, J. C.; Mushotzky, R. FE; and Puchnarewicz, E. M. “The Ultraviolet Spectrum of the LINER NGC 4579.” Astronomical Journal 12 (1996): 1829. Barton, E.; Geller, M. J.; Marzke, R. O.; Ramella, M.; and da Costa, L. N. “Compact Group Selection from Redshift Surveys.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 871. Bastian, T. S.; Beasley, A. J.; and Bookbinder, J. A. “A Search for Radio Pulsations from AE Aquarii.” Astrophysical Journal 461 (1996): 1016. Beaulieu, J. P.; Krockenberger, M.; and Sasselov, D. D. (EROS Team) “EROS Variable Stars: Discovery of Beat Cepheids in the Small Magellanic Cloud and the Effect of Metallicity on Pulsation.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 321 (1997): 5. Belbruno, E., and Marsden, B. G. “Resonance Hopping in Comets.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1997): 1433. Bell, M. B.; Feldman, P. A.; Travers, M. J.; McCarthy, M. C.; Gottlieb, C. A.; and Thaddeus, P. “Detection of HC,,N in the Cold Dust Cloud TMC-1.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 483 (1997): L61. Bergin, E. A., and Langer, W. D. “Chemical Evolution in Pre-Protostellar and Protostellar Cores.” Astrophysical Journal 486 (1997): 316. Birkinshaw, M. “Instabilities in Astrophysical Jets.” Astrophysics and Space Science 242(1/2) (1996): 17. Bohm-Vitense, E.; Evans, N. R.; Carpenter, K.; Beck-Winchatz, B.; Morgan, S.; and Robinson, R. “The Dynamical Mass of the Beat Cepheid Y Carinae and Stellar Opacities.” Astronomical Journal 114 (1997): 1176. Bohm-Vitense, E.; Evans, N. R.; Carpenter, K.; Beck-Wincharz, B.; and Robinson, R. “The Mass of the Classical Cepheid S Muscae.” Astrophysical Journal 477 (1996): 916. Bohringer, H.; Neumann, D.; Schindler, S.; and Huchra, J. “Stripped Spiral Galaxies as Ideal Targets for the Determination of the Cepheid Distance to the Virgo Cluster.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 485 (1997): 439. Bookbinder, J. A.; Tananbaum, H.; Van Speybroeck, L. P.; White, N. E.; Kahn, S. M.; and Guffin, T. “High Throughput X-Ray Spectroscopy Mission.” In Space Telescopes and Instruments IV, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 2807, eds. P. Y. Bely and J. B. Breckinridge, p. 108. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Boroson, B.; Vrtilek, S. D.; McCray, R.; Kallman, T.; and Nagase, F. “Pulsations in the Ultraviolet Spectrum of Hercules X-1: Results from a Multiwavelength Campaign.” Astrophysical Journal 473 (1996): 1079. Bower, R.; Hasinger, G.; Castander, F.; Aragon-Salamanca, A.; Ellis, R.; Gioia, I.; Henry, J. P.; Burg, R.; Huchra, J. P.; Bohringer, H.; Briel, U.; and McLean, B. “The ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole Deep Survey.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 281 (1996): 59- Boyle, P. J.; Buckley, J. H.; Burdett, A. M.; Bussons-Gordo, J.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. F.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Harris, K.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; Masterson, C.; McEnery, J. E.; Mohanty, G.; Moriarty, P.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F. W.; Sembroski, G. H.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; and Zweerink, J. “Large Search for TeV Counterparts in Gamma Ray Bursts.” In Proceedings of the 23th International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), vol. 3, eds. M. S. Potgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p. 61. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. Boyle, B. J.; Wilkes, B. J.; and Elvis, M. “The Cambridge— Cambridge X-Ray Serendipity Survey: V. The Sample.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 285 (1997): 511. Brandt, W. N.; Mathur, S.; and Elvis, M. “A Comparison of the Hard ASCA Spectral Slopes of Broad and Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters 285 (1997): L25. Briceno, C.; Hartmann, L.; Stauffer, J.; Gagne, M.; J.-P. Caillault; and R. Stern. “X-Ray Surveys and the Post-T Tauri Problem.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1997): 740. Brickhouse, N. S.; Dupree, A. K.; and Raymond, J. C. “The EUV Transition Lines of Capella.” In Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun: Ninth Cambridge Workshop, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 109, eds. R. Pallavicini and A. K. Dupree, p. 253. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Brickhouse, N. S., and Esser, R. “Effects of High Ion Temperatures on Spectral Line Diagnostics in the Source Region of the High-Speed Solar Wind.” Astrophysical Journal 479 (1997): 470. Buckley, J. H.; Boyle, P. J.; Bradbury, S. M.; Burdett, A. M.; Bussons Gordo, J.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. F.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; Masterson, C.; McEnery, J. E.; Mohanty, G.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F. W.; Sembroski, G. H.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; and Zweerink, J. “A Search for TeV Emission from Unidentified Sources in the Galactic Plane.” In Proceedings of the 23th International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), vol. 3, eds. M. A. Porgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p. 233. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. Burstein, D.; Jones, C.; Forman, W.; Marston, A. P.; and Marzke, R. O. “An Einstein X-Ray Survey of Optically Selected Galaxies. I. Data.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series I (1997): 163. Busca, G., and Vessor, R. F. C. “Maser Clocks for GPS: A Joint Experiment.” In Proceedings of the 11th European Frequency and Time Forum, p. 341. Neuchatel, Switzerland: University of Neuchatel, 1997. Caldwell, N. “Parameter Relations for Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies.” In The Second Stromlo Sympostum: The Nature of Elliptical Galaxies, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 116, eds. M. Arnaboldi, G. $. DaCosta, and P. Saha, p. 249. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Caldwell, N., and Rose, J. “The Butcher-Oemler Effect at Low Redshift: Spectroscopy of Five Nearby Clusters of Galaxies.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1997): 492- 199 Callanan, P. J.; Garcia, M. R.; Filippenko, A. V.; McLean, L; and Teplicz, H. “On the Mass of the Black Hole in GS 2000+25.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 470 (1996): L57. Calvet, N.; Hartmann, L.; and Strom, S. E. “Near-Infrared Emission of Procostars.” Astrophysical Journal 481 (1997): 912. Campbell, R. M.; Bartel, N.; Shapiro, I. I.; Ratner, M. L.; Cappallo, R. J.; Whitney, A. R.; and Putnam, N. “VLBI-Derived Trigonometric Parallax and Proper Motion of PSR B2021+51.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 461 (1996): L95. Cappi, M.; Matsuoka, M.; Comastri, A.; Brinkmann, W.; Elvis, M.; Palumbo, G. C. G.; and Vignali, C. “ASCA and ROSAT X-Ray Spectra of High Redshift Radio-Loud Quasars.” Astrophysical Journal 478 (1997): 492. Carilli, C. L.; Menten, K. M.; Reid, M. J.; and Rupin, M. P. “Neutral Hydrogen 21 Centimeter Absorption at Redshift 0.673 Toward 1504+337.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 474 (1997): L89. Carney, B. W.; Wright, J. S.; Sneden, C.; Laird, J. B.; Aguilar, L. A.; and Latham, D. W. “Discovery of an & Element-Poor Halo Star in a Search for Very Low Merallicity Disk Stars.” Astronomical Journal 114 (1997): 363. Carone, T. E.; Peterson, B. M.; Bechrold, J.; Bertram, R.; Bischoff, K.; Dietrich, M.; Filippenko, A. V.; Ho, L. C.; Huchra, J. P.; Kollatschny, W.; Korista, K. T.; Metheson, T.; Pogge, R. W.; Shields, J. C.; Smith, P. S.; Wagner, R. M.; and Wilkes, B. “Optical Continuum and Emission-Line Variability of the Seyfert 1 Galaxy Markarian 509.” Astrophysical Journal 471 (1996): 737. Carroll, S. M., and Field, G. B. “Is There Evidence for Cosmic Anisotropy in the Polarization of Distant Radio Sources.” Physical Review Letters 19(13) (1997): 2394. Castro, S.; Rich, R. M.; McWilliam, A.; Ho, L. C.; Spinrad, H.; Filippenko, A. V.; and Bell, R. A. “Keck Spectrum of BW IV-167: The Most Metal-Rich Star in the Bulge?” In Stellar Abundances, eds. B. Barbuy, W. J. Maciel, and J. C. Gregério-Hetem, p. 75. Sao Paulo, Brazil: Instiruto Astronémico e Geofisico/da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 1996. Catanese, M.; Akerlof, C. W.; Biller, S. D.; Boyle, P. J.; Buckley, J. H.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Cawley, M. F; Connaughton, V.; Dingus, B. L.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Gear, W. K.; Hartman, R. C.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; Lin, Y. C.; McEnery, J.; Marscher, A. P.; Mohanty, G.; Mukherjee, R.; Quinn, J.; Robson, E. I.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F.; Schubnell, M. S.; Sembroski, G.; Stevens, J. A.; Terasranta, H.; Thompson, D. J.; Weekes, T. C.; Wilson, C. L.; and Zweerink, J. “Detection of Gamma Rays with E 100 MeV from BL Lacertae.” Astrophysical Journal 480 (1997): 562. Catanese, M.; Boyle, P. J.; Burdett, A. M.; Bussons Gordo, J.; Buckley, J. H.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Cawley, M. F.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; Masterson, C.; McEnery, J. E.; 200 Mohanty, G.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F. W.; Sembroski, G. H.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; and Zweerink, J. “First Results from a Search for TeV Emission from BL Lacs Our to z = 0.2.” In Proceedings of the 25th International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), vol. 3, eds. M. S. Porgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p. 277. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. Chamberlin, R. A.; Lane, A. P.; and Stark, A. A. “The 492 GHz Atmospheric Opacity at the Geographic South Pole.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 428. Chance, K. “THz Applications in Atmospheric Sensing.” In Metrology Issues in Terahertz Physics and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication, p. 63. Gaithersburg, Maryland: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1996. . “O; A Band Studies for Cloud Detection and Algorithm Improvement.” In Proceedings of the GOME Geophysical Validation Campaign, European Space Agency Publication WPP-108. p. 65. Paris: European Space Agency, 1996. Chance, K. V.; Burrows, J. P.; Perner, D.; and Schneider, W. “Satellite Measurements of Atmospheric Ozone Profiles, Including Tropospheric Ozone, from UV/Visible Measurements in the Nadir Geometry: A Potential Method to Retrieve Tropospheric Ozone.” Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 57 (1997): 476. Chance, K. V.; Park, K.; Evenson, K. M.; Zink, L. R.; Stroh, F.; Fink, E. H.; and Ramsay, D. A. “Molecular Constants for the Ground State of HO.” Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 183 (1997): 418. Chance, K., and Spurr, R. J. D. “Ring Effect Studies: Rayleigh Scattering, Including Molecular Parameters for Rotational Raman Scattering, and the Fraunhofer Spectrum.” Applied Optics 36 (1997): 5224; also in Proceedings of the GOME Geophysical Validation Campaign, European Space Agency Publication WPP-108, p. 69. Paris: European Space Agency, 1996. Chandler, J. F; Reasenberg, R. D.; and Shapiro, I. I. “Testing General Relativity with Lunar Laser Ranging.” In Proceedings of the Seventh Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, eds. R. T. Jantzen and G. M. Keiser, p. Isol. River Edge, New Jersey: World Scientific, 1996. Chantell, M.; Akerlof, C. W.; Badran, H.; Buckley, J. H.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Cawley, M. F.; Connaughton, V.; Fegan, D.J.; Fleury, P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hillas, A. M.; Lamb, R. C.; Pare, E.; Rose, H. J.; Rovero, A. C.; Sarazin, X.; Sembroski, G.; Schubnell, M. S.; Urban, M.; Weekes, T. C.; and Wilson, C. “Gamma-Ray Observations in Moonlight with the Whipple Atmospheric Cherenkov Hybrid Camera.” Astroparticle Physics 6 (1997): 205. Chappell, J.; Omura, A.; Esat, T.; McCulloch, M.; Pandolfi, J.; Ora, Y.; and Pillans, B. “Reconciliation of Late Quaternary Sea Levels Derived from Coral Terraces at Huon Peninsula with Deep Sea Oxygen Isotope Records.” Earth and Planetary Science Letters 141 (1996): 227. Cheng, F. H.; Vrtilek, S. D.; and Raymond, J. C. “An Archival Study of HST Observations of Her X-1/HZ Her.” In Cataclysmic Variables and Related Objects, eds. A. Evans and J. Wood, p. 381. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996. Churazov, E.; Gilfanov, M.; Forman, W.; and Jones, C. “Mapping the Gas Temperature Distribution in Extended X-Ray Sources and Spectral Analysis in the Case of Low Statistics: Application to ASCA Observations of Clusters of Galaxies.” Astrophysical Journal 471 (1996): 673. Ciaravella, A.; Raymond, J. C.; Fineschi, $.; Romoli, M.; Benna, C.; Gardner, L.; Giordano, S.; Michels, J.; O’Neal, R.; Antonucci, E.; Kohl, J.; and Noci, G. “Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer Observation of the 23 December 1996 Coronal Mass Ejection.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 491 (1997): Ls59. Ciliegi, P.; Elvis, M.; Wilkes, B. J.; Boyle, B. J.; McMahon, R. G.; and Maccacaro, T. “The Cambridge—Cambridge X-Ray Serendipity Survey: IV. The X-Ray Properties.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 284 (1997): 401. Clarke, D. A.; Harris, D. E.; and Carilli, C. L. “Formation of Cavities in the X-Ray Emitting Cluster Gas of Cygnus A.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 283(4) (1997): 981. Collura, A.; Barbera, M.; Dara, A.; Serio, S.; and Zombeck, M. V. “Calibration of the AXAF-HRC UV/Ion Shields at Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo G. S. Vaiana: II — X-Ray Transmission Measurements.” In EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy VII, SPIE Proceedings. vol. 2808, eds. O. H. Siegmund and M. A. Gummin, p. 134. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Colomer, F.; Menten, K. M.; and Reid, M. J. “FG3: Spatial and Frequency Modeling of Circumstellar Masers.” Vistas in Astronomy 41 (1997): 179. Connaughton, V.; Akerlof, C. W.; Barthelmy, S.; Biller, S. D.; Boyle, P.; Buckley, J. H.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. F.; Cline, T.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J.; Fishman, G. J.; Gaidos, J. A.; Gehrels, N.; Hillas, A. M.; Kouveliotou, C.; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; McEnery, J.; Meegan, C.; Mohanty, G.; Porter, N. A.; Quinn, J.; Rose, H. J.; Rovero, A.C.; Samuelson, F.; Schubnell, M. S.; Sembroski, G.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; Wilson, C. and Zweerink, J. A. “Search for TeV Counterparts to BATSE Gamma-Ray Bursts.” Astrophysical Journal 479 (1997): 859. Corbel, S.; Wallyn, P.; Dame, T. M.; Durouchoux, P.; Mahoney, W. A.; Vilhu, O.; and Grindlay, J. E. “The Distance of the Soft Gamma Ray Repeater SGR 1806-20.” Astrophysical Journal 478 (1997): 624. Corcoran, M. F.; Harris, D. E. Brunner, H. E.; Englhauser, J. K.; Voges, W. H.; Boller, T. H.; Watson, M. G.; and Pye, J. P. “The ROSAT Results Archive: Tools and Methods.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems VI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 314. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Coudé du Foresto, V.; Perrin, G.; Mariotti, J.-M.; Lacasse, M.; and Traub, W. “The FLUOR/IOTA Fiber Stellar Interferometer.” In Integrated Optics for Astronomical Interferometry, eds. P. Kern and F. Malbet, p. 115. Grenoble, France: Bastianelli-Guirimand, 1997. Crenshaw, D. M.; Rodriguez-Pascual, P. M.; Penton, S. V.; Edelson, R. A.; Alloin, D.; Ayres, T. R.; Clavel, J.; Horne, K.; Johnson, W. N.; Kaspi, S.; Korista, K. T.; Kriss, G. A.; Krolik, J. H.; Malkan, M. A.; Maoz, D.; Netzer, H.; O’Brien, P. T.; Peterson, B. M.; Reichert, G. A.; Shull, J. M.; Ulrich, M. H.; Wamsteker, W.; Warwick, R. S.; Yaqoob, T.; Balonek, T. J.; Barr, P.; Bromage, G. E.; Carini, M.; Carone, T. E.; Cheng, F. Z.; Chuvaev, K. K.; Kietrich, M.; Doroshenko, V. T.; Dultzin-Hacyan, D.; Filippenko, A. V.; Gaskell, C. M.; Glass, I. $.; Goad, M. R.; Hutchings, J.; Kazanas, D.; Kollatschny, W.; Koratkar, A. P.; Laor, V.; Leighly, K.; Lyutyi, V.M.; MacAlpine, G. M.; Malkov, Y. FE; Martin, P. G.; McCollum, B.; Merkulova, N. I.; Metik, L.; Metlov, V. G.; Miller, H. R.; Morris, S. L.; Oknyanskij, V.L.; Penfold, J.; Perez, E.; Perola, G. C.; Pike, G.; Pogge, R. W.; Pronik, I.; Pronik, V. I.; Prak, R. L.; Recondo-Gonzalez, M. C.; Rodriguez-Espinoza, J. M.; Rokaki, E. L.; Roland, J.; Sadun, A. C.; Salamanca, L; Santos-Lleo, M.; Sergeev, S. G.; Smith, S. M.; Snijders, M. A. J.; Sparke, L. S.; Stirpe, G. M.; Stoner, R. E.; Sun, W. H.; van Groningen, E.; Wagner, R. M.; Wagner, S.; Wanders, I.; Welsh, W. F.; Weymann, R. J.; Wilkes, B. J.; and Zheng, W. “Multiwavelength Observations of Short-Timescale Variability in NGC 4151. I. Ultraviolet Observations.” Astrophysical Journal 470 (1996): 322. Da Costa, G. S.; Armandroff, T. A.; Caldwell, N.; and Seitzer, P. “WFPC2 Observarions of Andromeda I, a Dwarf Spheroidal Companion to M31.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 2576. Dahlem, M.; Heckman, T. M.; Fabbiano, G.; Lehnert, M. D.; and Gilmore, D. “The Hot Gaseous Halo of the Spiral Galaxy NGC 3628 in the Leo Triplet.” Astrophysical Journal 461 (1996): 724. Dahmen, G.; Huttemeister, S.; Wilson, T. L.; Mauersberger, R.; Linhart, A.; Bronfman, L.; Tieftrunk, A. R.; Meyer, K.; Widenhover, W.; Dame, T. M.; Palmer, E. S.; May, J.; Aparici, J.; and MacAuliffe, F. “Molecular Gas in the Galactic Center Region. I. Data from a Large Scale c’o (J=1-0) Survey.” Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 125 (1997): I. D'Alessio, P.; Calvet, N.; and Hartmann, L. “The Structure and Emission of Accretion Disks Irradiated by Infalling Envelopes.” Astrophysical Journal 474 (1997): 397. Dalgarno, A. “Radiative Raman Scattering by Atoms and Molecules at Ultraviolet Wavelengths.” In Raman Emission 201 by X-Ray Scattering, eds. D. L. Ederer and J. H. McGuire, p- 207. River Edge, New Jersey: World Scientific, 1996. Dame, T. M. “A Molecular Worm in Scutum.” In CO: Twenty-Five Years of Millimeter-Wave Spectroscopy. Proceedings of LAU Symposium No. 170. eds. W. B. Latter, S. J. E. Radford, P. R. Jewell, J. G. Mangum, and J. Bally, p. 19. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. David, L. P. “The Baryonic Content of Galaxies and Clusters.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 484 (1997): Lit. David, L. P.; Jones, C.; and Forman, W. “ROSAT PSPC Observations of Cool Rich Clusters.” Astrophysical Journal 473 (1996): 692. de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M., and Birkinshaw, M. “Numerical Simulations of Protostellar Wiggling Jets.” In Proceedings of the VIII Latin American Regional Meeting of the International Astronomical Union (November 1995), eds. E. E. Falco, J. A. Fernandez and R. Freire, Revista Mexicana de Astronomia y Astrofisica Serie de Conferencias 4 (1996): 83. . “Three-Dimensional Simulations of Protostellar Jets in Stratified Ambient Media.” Astrophysical Journal 471 (1996): 832. de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M.; Birkinshaw, M.; and Benz, W. “A Possible Mechanism for Wiggling Protostellar Jets from Three-Dimensional Simulations in Stratified Ambient Medium.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 460 (1996): Lut. Dell’ Antonio, I.; Bothun, G. D.; and Geller, M. J. “Peculiar Velocities for Galaxies in the Great Wall: The Data.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 1759. Dell’Antonio, I.; Geller, M. J.; and Bothun, G. D. “Peculiar Velocities for Galaxies in the Great Wall: The Analysis.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 1780. Dell Rizzo, D. A.; Bartel, N.; Chandler, J. F.; Ratner, M. 1; and Shapiro, I. I. “Astrometry of the Millisecond Pulsar B1937+21.” Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 90/5/6 (1996): 315. DeLuca, E. E.; Fan, Y.; and Saar, S. H. “The Emergence of Magnetic Flux Loops in Solar-Like Stars.” Astrophysical Journal 481 (1997): 369. DeMey, K.; Aerts, D.; Waelkens, D.; Cranmer, S. R.; Schrijvers, D.; Telting, J. H.; Daems, K.; and Meeus, G. “The Line-Profile Variable Lambda Scorpii Is a Spectroscopic Triple System.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 324 (1997): 1096. Diaferio, A., and Geller, M. J. “The Infall Regions of Galaxy Clusters.” Astrophysical Journal 481 (1997): 633. . “Galaxy Pairwise Velocity Distributions on Non-Linear Scales.” Astrophysical Journal 467 (1996): 19. DiStefano, R.; Becker, C. M.; and Fabbiano, G. “The Integrated Spectrum of Galactic Populations of Luminous Supersoft X-Ray Sources.” In Supersoft X-Ray Sources, ed. J. Greiner, p. 37. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1996. Dobrzycki, A., and Bechrold, J. “Simulation Analysis of Ly Alpha Forest Spectra. I. Empirical Description at z3.” Astrophysical Journal 457 (1996): 102. 202 Doe, S.; Conroy, M.; and McDowell, J. “The ASC Fitting Environment.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. tor, eds. G. H. Jacoby and J. Barnes, p. 155. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Doe, S.; Siemiginowska, A.; Joye, W.; and McDowell, J. “Fitting and Modeling in the ASC Data Analysis Environment.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems VI. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 492. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Doebereiner, S.; Junkes, N.; Wagner, S. J.; Zinneker, H.; Fosbury, R.; Fabbiano, G.; and Schreier, E. J. “ROSAT HRI Observations of Centaurus A.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 470 (1996): L15. Donahue, R. A. “Long-Term Stellar Activity: Three Decades of Observations.” In Stellar Surface Structure. Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 176, eds. K. G. Strassmeier and J. L. Linsky, p. 261. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996. Donahue, R. A., and Dobson, A. K. “Estimating Rotation Periods Using Pooled Variance.” In Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun: Ninth Cambridge Workshop, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 109, eds. R. Pallavicini and A. K. Dupree, p. 599. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Donahue, R. A.; Dobson, A. K.; and Baliunas, S. L. “Stellar Active Region Evolution: I—Estimated Lifetimes of Chromospheric Active Region Complexes.” Solar Physics 171 (1997): 191. . “Stellar Active Region Evolution: II]—Identification and Evolution of Variance Morphologies in Ca II H+K Time Series.” Solar Physics 171 (1997): 211. Donahue, R. A.; Saar, S.; and Baliunas, S. L. “Differential Rotation in Cool Dwarfs: A Relationship Between Mean Rotation Period and Its Observed Range.” Astrophysical Journal 466 (1996): 384. Dupree, A. K. “EUV Spectroscopy of Cool Stars.” In UV and X-Ray Spectroscopy of Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas, eds. K. Yamashita and T. Watanabe, p. 91. Tokyo, Japan: Universal Academy Press, 1996. . “EUVE Spectroscopy of Active Binaries” (Invited Review). In Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun: Ninth Cambridge Workshop, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 109, eds. R. Pallavicini and A. K. Dupree, p. 237. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. . “Physics of Stellar Coronae from X-Ray/EUV Spectroscopy: What's Hot about Cool Stars?” (Invited Review). In Proceedings of High Throughput X-Ray Spectroscopy Workshop, eds. H. Tananbaum, N. White, and P. Sullivan, p- 267. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 1997. . “Winds from Cool Stars.” In Solar Wind Eight, Proceedings of the Eighth International Solar Wind Conference, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 382. eds. D. Winterhalter, J. Gosling, S. Habbal, W. Kurth, and M. Neugebauer, p. 66. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1996. Ebeling, H.; Voges, W.; Bohringer, H.; Edge, A.; Huchra, J. P.; and Briel, U. “Properties of the X-Ray Brightest Abell Type Clusters of Galaxies (XBACS) from the ROSAT All Sky Survey Data—I. The Sample.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 281 (1996): 799. Edelson, R.; Alexander, T.; Crenshaw, D. M.; Kaspi, S.; Malkan, M. A.; Peterson, B. M.; Warwick, R. S.; Clavel, J.; Filippenko, A. V.; Horne, K.; Korista, K. T.; Kriss, G. A.; Krolik, H. H.; Maoz, D.; Nandra, K.; O’Brien, P. T.; Penton, S. V.; Yaqoob, T.; Albrecht, P.; Alloin, D.; Ayres, T. R.; Balonek, T. J.; Barr, P.; Barth, A. J.; Bertram, R.; Bromage, G. E.; Carini, M.; Carone, T. E.; Cheng, F-Z.; Chuvaev, K. K.; Dietrich, M.; Dultzin-Hacyan, D.; Gaskell, C. M.; Glass, I. S.; Goad, M. R.; Hemar, S.; Ho, L. C.; Huchra, J. P.; Hutchings, J.; Johnson, W. N.; Kazanas, D.; Kollatschny, W.; Koratkar, A. P.; Kovo, O.; Laor, A.; MacAlpine, G. M.; Magdziarz, P.; Martin, P. G.; Matheson, T.; McCollum, B.; Miller, H. R.; Morris, $. L.; Oknyanskij, V.L.; Penfold, J.; Perez, E.; Perola, G. C.; Pike, G.; Pogge, R. W.; Prak, R. L.; Qian, B.-C.; Recondo-Gonzalez, M. C.; Reichert, G. A.; Rodriguez-Espinoza, J. M.; Rodriguez-Pascual, P. M.; Rokaki, E. L.; Roland, J.; Sadun, A. C.; Salamanca, I.; Santos-Lleo, M.; Shields, J. C.; Shull, J. M.; Smith, D. A.; Smith, S. M.; Snijders, M. A. J.; Stirpe, G. M.; Stoner, R. E.; Sun, W.-H.; Ulrich, M.-H.; Van Groningen, E.; Wagner, R. M.; Wagner, S.; Wanders, I.; Welsh, W. F.; Weymann, R. J.; Wilkes, B. J.; Wu, H.; Waurster, J.; Xue, S.-J.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zheng, W.; and Zou, Z.-L. “Multiwavelength Observations of Short Timescale Variability in NGCaqts1. IV. Analysis of Multiwavelength Continuum Variability.” Astrophysical Journal 470 (1996): 364. Edgar, R. J.; Tsiang, E. Y.; Tennant, A.; Swartz, D.; and Vitek, S. “Spectral Fitting in AXAF Calibration Detectors.” In Grazing Incidence and Multilayer X-Ray Optical Systems, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 3113, eds. R. B. Hoover and A. B. C. Walker, II, p. 124. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997. Eichhorn, G. “The Digital Library of the Astrophysics Data System.” In Electronic Publishing for Physics and Astronomy, (Special Issue of Astrophysics and Space Science, vol. 247), ed. A. Heck, p. 189. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997- . “The Virtual Library.” Sky and Telescope 92(4) (1996): 81. Eichhorn, G.; Accomazzi, A.; Grant, C. S.; Kurtz, M. J.; and Murray, S. S. “Planetary Sciences References in the ADS Abstract Series.” In Lunar and Planetary Science XXVIII, p. 325. Houston, Texas: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1997. . “Various Access Methods to the Abstracts in the Astrophysics Data System.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 101, eds. G. H. Jacoby and J. Barnes, p. 569. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Eikenberry, S., and Fazio, G. G. “The Infrared to Gamma-Ray Pulse Shape of the Crab Nebula Pulsar.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1996): 281. . “Time Evolution and the Nature of the Near-Infrared Jets in GRS1915 +105.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 475 (1996): L53. Eikenberry, S.; Fazio, G. G.; and Ransom, S. M. “An SSPM-Based High-Speed Near-Infrared Photometer for Astronomy.” Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 108 (1996): 939. Eikenberry, S. S., and Fazio, G. “The Infrared to Gamma-Ray Pulse Shape of the Crab Nebula Pulsar.” In Proceedings of the Fourth Compton Symposium, eds. C. D. Demerm M. S. Scrickman, and J. D. Kurfess, p. 547. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1997. Eikenberry, S. S.; Fazio, G. G.; Ransom, S. M.; Middleditch, J.; Kristian, J. A.; and Pennypacker, C. R. “High Time Resolution Infrared Observations of the Crab Nebula Pulsar and the Pulsar Emission Mechanism.” Astrophysical Journal 477 (1996): 465. . “Infrared-to-Ultraviolet Wavelength-Dependent Variations Within the Pulse Profile Peaks of the Crab Nebula Pulsar.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 467 (1996): L8s. Elvis, M. “X-Ray Absorption and High Redshift Quasars.” In Rontgenstrahlung from the Universe, Max Planck Institute Report 263 Conference Proceedings, eds. H. U. Zimmerman, J. E. Triimper, and R. H. Yorke, p. 409. Munich, Germany: Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, 1996. Elvis, M., and Fiore, G. “Associated X-Ray Absorption in High Redshift Quasars.” In Cold Gas at High Redshift, eds. M. N. Bremer, P. P. van der Werf, H. J. A. Roctgering, and C. L. Carilli, p. 239. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996. Elvis, M.; Mathur, S.; Wilkes, B. J.; Fiore, R; Giommi, P.; and Padovani, P. “Associated Absorption at Low and High Redshift.” In Emission Lines in Active Galaxies: New Methods and Techniques, Proceedings of LAU Colloquium No. 159, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 113, eds. B. M. Peterson, F. Z. Cheng, and A. S. Wilson, p. 236. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Epps, H. W., and Fabricant, D. “Field Correctors for Wide-Field CCD Imaging with Ritchey-Chretien Telescopes.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1997): 439. Esser, R.; Brickhouse, N. S.; Habbal, $. R.; and Mossman, A. “Demonstrating the Limitations of Line Ratio Temperature Diagnostics Using Fe X and Fe XIV Spectral Line Intensity Observations.” In Solar Wind Eight, Proceedings of the Eighth International Solar Wind Conference, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 382, eds. D. Winterhalter, J. Goshling, S. R. Habbal, W. Kirth, and M. Neugebauer, 203 p- 173. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1996. Esser, R., and Habbal, S. R. “Modeling High Flow speeds in the Inner Corona.” In Solar Wind Eight, Proceedings of the Eighth International Solar Wind Conference, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 382, eds. D. Winterhalter, J. Goshling, S. R. Habbal, W. Kirth, and M. Neugebauer, p. 133. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1996. Esser, R.; Habbal, S. R.; Coles, W. A.; and Hollweg, J. V. “Hot Protons in the Inner Corona and Their Effect on the Flow Properties of the Solar Wind.” Journal of Geophysical Research 102 (1997): 7063. Evans, I. N.; Kellogg, E. M.; McDermott, W. C.; Ordway, M. P.; Rosenberg, J. M.; and Wargelin, B. J. “High Speed Imager AXAF Calibration Microchannel Plate Detector.” In Grazing Incidence and Multilayer X-Ray Optical Systems. SPIE Proceedings. vol. 3113, eds. R. Hoover and A. B. Walker, II, p. 18. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997. Evans, N. R.; Bohm-Vitense, E.; Carpenter, K.; Beck-Winchatz, B.; and Robinson, R. “The Mass of the Classical Cepheid V350 Sgr.” Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 109 (1997): 789. Evans, N. R., and Sugars, B. J. A. “The Orbit of the Classical Cepheid V350 Sgr.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1997): 792. Fabbiano, G.; Schweizer, E; and Mackie, G. “ROSAT HRI Observations of NGC-4038/4039, ‘The Antennae’ Galaxies.” Astrophysical Journal 478 (1997): 542. Fabbiano, G., and Juda, J. Z. “ROSAT Observations of the Sombrero Galaxy: Discovery of an X-Ray Active Nucleus.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 666. Falco, E. E. “Observations of Gravitationally Lensed Quasars with the Hubble Space Telescope.” In Proceedings of the VIII Latin American Regional Meeting of the International Astronomical Union (November 1995), eds. E. E. Falco, J. A. Fernandez and R. Freire, Revista Mexicana Astronomia y Astrofisica Serie de Conferencias 4 (1996): 136. Falco, E. E.; Lehar, J.; Perley, R. A.; Wambsganss, J.; and Gorenstein, M. V. “VLA Observations of the Gravitational Lens System Q2237+0305.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 897. Falco, E. E.; Lehar, J.; and Shapiro, I. I. “HST Observations and Models of the Gravitational Lens System MGo414+0534.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1997): 540. Falco, E. E.; Shapiro, I. I.; Moustakas, L. A.; and Davis, M. “Keck Spectroscopy of the Gravitational Lens System 0957+561 and Estimation of Ho.” Astrophysical Journal 484 (1997): 70. Favata, F; Mewe, R.; Brickhouse, N. S.; Pallavicini, R.; and Dupree, A. K. “A SAX/LECS X-Ray Observation of the Active Binary Capella.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 324 (1997): 137. Ferland, G. J.; Korista, K. T.; and Verner, D. A. “Charge Transfer between Neutral Atoms and Highly Ionized 204 Species: Implications for ISO Observations.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 481 (1997): L114. Fernie, J. D., and Evans, N. R. “A Passing Visit with BM Cas.” Publications of the Astronomical Soctety of the Pacific 109 (1997): 541. Ferrarese, L.; Freedman, W. L.; Hill, R. J.; Saha, A.; Madore, B. F; Kennicutt, R. C.; Stetson, P. B.; Ford, H. C.; Graham, J. A.; Hoessel, J. G.; Han, M. S.; Huchra, J.; Hughes, S. M.; Illingworth, G. D.; Kelson, D.; Mould, J. R.; Phelps, R.; Silbermann, N. A.; Sakai, S.; Turner, A.; Harding, P.; and Bresolin, F. “The Extragalactic Distance Scale Key Project IV. The Discovery of Cepheids and a New Distance to Mioo Using the Hubble Space Telescope.” Astrophysical Journal 464 (1996): 568; correction Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 475 (1997): L853. Field, G. B., and Bahcall, J. N. “Lyman Spitzer Jr. (1914~-97).” Nature 387 (1997): 244. Field, G. B., and McDowell, J. “Exploration of the Universe: Science and Technology.” In Heaven and Earth: Civilian Uses of Near-Earth Space. eds. D. Dallmeyer and K. Tsipis, p. 85. Boston: Kluwer Law International, 1997. Flanagan, K. A.; Fang, T. T.; Baluta, C.; Davis, J. E.; Dewey, D.; Markert, T. H.; Graessle, D. E.; Drake, J.; Fitch, J. J.; Juda, J. Z.; Woo, J.; Kraft, S.; Bulicke, P.; Fliegauf, R.; Scholze, F.; Ulm, G.; and Bauer, J. M. “Modeling the Diffraction Efficiencies of the AXAF High-Energy Transmission Gratings: II.” In EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy VII, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 2808, eds. O. H. Siegmund and M. A. Gummin, p. 650. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Forbes, D.; Brodie, J.; and Huchra, J. “Globular Cluster Luminosity Functions and the Hubble Constant from WFPC2 Imaging: The Dominant Group Elliptical NGC5846.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 2448. . “Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of the Globular Cluster System Around NGC5846.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1997): 887. Forrey, R. C.; Yan, Z.-C.; Sadeghpour, H. R.; and Dalgarno, A. “Single and Double Photoionization from Dipole Response Function.” Physical Review Letters 78 (1997): 3662. Forrey, R. C.; You, L.; Kharchenko, V.; and Dalgarno, A. “Index of Refraction of Noble Gases for Sodium Matter Waves.” Physical Review A 54 (1996): 2180. . “Refining Molecular Potentials Using Atom Interferometry.” Physical Review A 55 (1997): R3311. Frick, P.; Baliunas, S. L.; Galyagin, D.; Sokoloff, D. D.; and Soon, W. H. “Wavelet Analysis of Observational Data with Gaps: An Application to the Study of Stellar Chromospheric Variations.” Astrophysical Journal 483 (1997): 426. Gaetz, T. J.; Podgorski, W. A.; Cohen, L. M.; Freeman, M. D.; Edgar, R. J.; Jerius, D.; Van Speybroeck, L. P.; Zhao, P.; and Kolodziejczak, J. J. “Focus and Alignment of the AXAF Optics.” In Grazing Incidence and Multilayer X-Ray Optical Systems. SPIE Proceedings. vol. 3113, eds. R. B. Hoover and A. B. C. Walker, II, p. 77. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997- Gagne, M.; Caillault, J.-P.; and Stauffer, J. “Periodic X-rays from Theta 1-Ori C.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 478 (1997): L87. Gaidos, J. A.; Akerlof, C. W.; Biller, S. D.; Boyle, P. J.; Breslin, A. C.; Buckley, J. H.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. F.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, E; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; McEnery, J.; Mohanty, G.; Moriarty, P.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F.; Schubnell, M. S.; Sembroski, G.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; Wilson, C. L.; and Zweerink, J. “Very Rapid and Energetic Bursts of TeV Photons from the Active Galaxy Markarian 421.” Nature 383 (1996): 319. Gammnie, C. F., and Ostriker, E. “Can Nonlinear Hydromagnetic Waves Support a Self-Gravitating Cloud.” Astrophysical Journal 466 (1996): 814. Gardner, L. D.; Kohl, J. L.; Daigneau, P. S.; Dennis, E. F; Fineschi, S.; Michels, J.; Nystrom, G. U.; Panasyuk, A.; Raymond, J. C.; Reisenfeld, D. J.; Smith, P. L.; Strachan, L.; Suleiman, R.; Noci, G.; Romoli, M.; Ciaravella, A.; Modigliani, A.; Huber, M. C.; Antonucci, E.; Benna, C.; Giordano, S.; Tondello, G.; Nicolosi, P.; Naletto, G.; Pernechele, C.; Spadaro, D.; Siegmund, O. H.; Allegra, A.; Carosso, P. A.; and Jhabvala, M. D. “Stray Light, Radiometric, and Spectral Characterization of UVCS/SOHO: Laboratory Calibration and Flight Performance.” In Ultraviolet Atmospheric and Space Remote Sensing: Methods and Instrumentation. SPIE Proceedings, vol. 2831, eds. R. E. Huffmann and C. G. Stergis, p. 2. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Geller, M. J. “The Great Wall and Beyond.” In Gravitation (Reviews in Modern Astronomy, vol. 10), ed. R. Schielicke, p- 159. Hamburg, Germany: Astronomische Gesellschaft, 1997. Gerin M.; Phillips, T. G.; Benford, D. J.; Young, K. H.; Menten, K. M.; and Frye, B. “Redshifted Molecular Absorption Systems Towards PKS 1830-211 and B 0218+357: Submillimeter CO, CI and H,O Data.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 488 (1997): 131. Giampapa, M. S.; Rosner, R.; Kashyap, V.; Fleming, T. A.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M.; and Bookbinder, J. A. “The Coronae of Low-Mass Dwarf Stars.” Astrophysical Journal 463 (1996): 707. Gillanders, G. G.; Boyle, P. J.; Buckley, J. H.; Burdett, A. M.; Bussons Gordo, J.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. F.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, F; Lamb, R. C.; Lang, M. J.; Lessard, R.; Masterson, C.; McEnery, J. E.; Mohanty, G.; Moriarty, P.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F. W.; Sembroski, G. H.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; and Zweerink, J. “A Search for TeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the Crab Pulsar.” In Proceedings of the 25th International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), vol. 3, eds. M. S. Porgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p. 185. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. Gingerich, O. “An Astronomical Perspective.” In How Large Is God?, ed. J. Templeton, p. 20. Philadelphia: Templeton Foundation Press, 1997. . “Astronomical Tables and Ephemerides.” In History of Astronomy: An Encyclopedia, ed. J. Lankford, p. 505. New York: Garland Publishing, 1997. . “Cranks and Opportunists: "Nutty’ Solutions to the Longitude Problem.” In The Quest for Longitude, Proceedings of the Longitude Symposium (Harvard University), ed. W. J. H. Andrewes, p. 134. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Collection of Historical Scientific Instruments (Harvard University), 1996. . “In Praise of Fakes.” Scientific American 277(5) (1997): 120. . “Leonardo's Legacy in Science.” In Leonardo da Vinci—Codex Leicester—A Masterpiece of Science, p. 23. New York: American Museum of Natural History, 1996; also in Museum of Science, Boston, Massachusetts February-March (1997): Il. . “Library as Laboratory.” Harvard Library Bulletin, New Series 6 (1996): 57; abridged reprint also in Harvard Magazine, (1997): May—June. . “On Finding God.” In How Can I Find God?, ed. J. Martin, p. 146. Liguori, Missouri: Triumph Books, 1997. . “Richard S. Westfall.” Journal of the History of Astronomy 28 (1997): 184. . “The Scale of the Universe: A Curtain Raiser in Four Acts and Four Morals.” Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 108 (1996): 1068. Goldsmith, P. F.; Bergin, E. A.; and Lis, D. C. “Carbon Monoxide and Dust Column Densities: The Dust-to-Gas Ratio and Structure of Three Giant Cloud Cores.” Astrophysical Journal 491 (1997): 615. Golub, L. “Difficulties in Observing Coronal Structure.” Solar Physics 174(1/2) (1997): 99- . “The Solar X-Ray Corona.” Astrophysics and Space Science 237 (1996): 33. Goodman, A. A.; Barranco, J. A.; Wilner, D. J.; and Heyer, M. H. “Velocity Coherence in Dense Cores.” In CO—Twenty-Five Years of Millimeter Spectroscopy, Proceedings of [AU Symposium No. 170, eds. W. Latter, S. J. E. Radford, P.R., Jewell, J. G. Mangum, and J. Bally, p. 06. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. . “Velocity Coherence in Dense Cores.” In Star Formation Near and Far, eds. S. Holt and L. Mundy, p. Ios. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1997. Gomez, M.; Kenyon, S. J.; and Whitney, B. A. “The Bipolar Optical Outflow Associated with PV Cephei.” Astronomical Journal 114 (1997): 265. 205 Gémez, M.; Whitney, B. A.; and Kenyon, S. J. “An Optical and Near-Infrared Survey for Jets in Taurus Protostars.” Astronomical Journal 114 (1997): 1138. Gorenstein, P.; Worrall, D.; Joensen, K. D.; Romaine, S. E.; Weisskopf, M. C.; Ramsey, B. D.; Bilbro, J. W.; Kroeger, R. A.; Gehrels, N. A.; Parsons, A. M.; Smither, R. K.; Christensen, F. E.; Citterio, O.; and Von Ballmoos, P. “Hard X-Ray Telescope Mission.” In Space Telescopes and Instruments IV, SPIE Proceedings. vol., 2807, eds. P. Y. Bely and J. B. Breckinridge, p. 119. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Graham, J. A.; Phelps, R. L.; Freedman, W. L.; Saha, A.; Ferrarese, L.; Stetson, P. B.; Madore, B. F.; Silbermann, N. A.; Sakai, S.; Kennicutt R. C.; Harding, P.; Bresolin, F; Turner, A.; Mould, J. R.; Rawson, D. M.; Ford, H. C.; Hoessel, J. G.; Han, M.-S.; Huchra, J. P.; Macri, L. M.; Hughes, S. M.; Illingworth, G. D.; and Kelson, D. D. “The Hubble Space Telescope Extragalactic Distance Scale Key Project. VII. The Discovery of Cepheids in the Leo I Group Galaxy NGC 3351.” Astrophysical Journal 477 (1997): 535- Gray, D. FE, and Baliunas, S. L. “The Rotation of the Go Dwarf Beta Comae.” Astrophysical Journal 475 (1997): 303. Gray, D. F.; Baliunas, S. L.; Lockwood, G. W.; and Skiff, B. A. “Magnetic, Photometric, Temperature and Granulation Variations of Xi Bootis A 1984-1993.” Astrophysical Journal 465 (1996): 945. Green, P. J. “The Relationship Between the High Energy Continuum and Emission Lines in QSOs: A Low-Redshift Sample.” Astrophysical Journal 467 (1996): 61. Green, P. J.; Aldcroft, T. L.; Mathur, S.; and Schartel, N. “Evidence Against BALS in the X-Ray Bright QSO PG1416-129.” Astrophysical Journal 484 (1997): 135. Green, P. J., and Mathur, S. “The Soft X-Ray Properties of Broad Absorption Line QSOs Observed by the ROSAT PSPC.” Astrophysical Journal 462 (1996): 637. Greenhill, L. J.; Ellingsen, S. P.; Norris, R. P.; Gouh, R. G.; Sinclair, M. W.; Moran, J. M.; and Mushorzky, R. “Extremely Rapid Variations of Water Maser Emission from the Circinus Galaxy.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 474 (1997): L103. Greenhill, L. J.; Herrnstein, J. R.; Moran, J. M.; Menten, K. M.; and Velusamy, T. “A Water Maser Survey of AGN: Detection of a New Maser in NGC 3735.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 486 (1997): Lis. Greenhill, L. J.; Moran, J. M.; and Herrnstein, J. R. “The Distribution of HO Maser Emission in the Nucleus of NGC 4945.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 481 (1997): L23. Griffiths, R.; Ratnatunga, K.; Im, M.; Neuschafer, L.; Roche, N.; Casertano, S.; Ostrander, E.; Ellis, R.; Abraham, R.; Glazebrook, K.; Santiago, B.; Gilmore, G.; Green, R.; Sarajedini, V.; and Huchra, J. “Cosmology with the HST Medium Deep Survey.” In Science with the Hubble Space Telescope II, eds. P. Benvenuti, F. Macchetto, and E. Schreier, p. 119. Baltimore, Maryland: Space Telescope Science Institute, 1996. 206 Grossan, B.; Remillard, R. A.; Bradt, H. V.; Brissenden, R. J.; Ohashi, T.; and Sakao, T. “The Weak Blue Bump of H2106-099 and Active Galactic Nuclei Dereddening.” Astrophysical Journal 457 (1996): 199. Grossi, M., and Cosmo, M. L. “Atmospheric Research with the Small Expendable Deployer System: Preliminary Analysis.” Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets 33(1) (1996): 70. Gu, Y.; Jefferies, J. T.; Lindsey, C.; and Avrett, E.H. “A Stochastic Model of the Solar Atmosphere.” Astrophysical Journal 484 (1997): 960. Guélin, M.; Cernicharo, J.; Travers, M. J.; McCarthy, M. C.; Gottlieb, C. A.; Thaddeus, P.; Ohishi, M.; and Yamamoto, S. “Detection of a New Linear Carbon Chain Radical: C;H.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 317 (1997): Lt. Gwinn, C. R.; Eubanks, T. M.; Pyne, T.; Birkinshaw, M.; and Matsakis, D. N. “Quasar Proper Motions and Low-Frequency Gravitational Waves.” Astrophysical Journal 485 (1997): 87. Habbal, S. R.; Brickhouse, N.; and Esser, R. “Exploring the Temperature Structure of Coronal Holes with a Novel Combination of Visible Fe Lines.” In Solar Wind Eight, Proceedings of the Eighth International Solar Wind Conference, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 382, eds. D. Wincerhalter, J. Gosling, S. R. Habbal, W. Kurth, and M. Neugebauer, p. 177. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1996. Habbal, S. R.; Esser, R.; Guhathakurta, M.; and Fisher, R. R. “Flow Properties of the Solar Wind Obtained from White Light Data, Ulysses Observations, and a Two-Fluid Model.” In Solar Wind Eight, Proceedings of the Eighth International Solar Wind Conference, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 382, eds. D. Winterhalter, J. Gosling, S. R. Habbal, W. Kurth, and M. Neugebauer, p. 129. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1996. Hamuy, M.; Phillips, M. M.; Suntzeff, N. B.; Schommer, R. A.; Maza, J.; Antezana, R.; Wischnjewsky, M.; Valladares, G.; Muena, C.; Gonzalez, L. E.; Aviles, R.; Wells, L. A.; Smith, R. C.; Navarette, M.; Covarrubias, R.; Williger, G. M.; Walker, A. R.; Layden, A. C.; Elias, J. H.; Baldwin, J. A.; Hernandez, M.; Tirado, H.; Ugarte, P.; Elston, R.; Saavedra, N.; Barrientos, F .; Costa, E.; Lira, P.; Ruiz, M. T.; Anguita, C.; Gomez, X.; Ortiz, P.; Della Valle, M.; Danziger, J.; Storm, J.; Kim, Y. -C.; Bailyn, C.; Rubenstein, E. P.; Tucker, D.; Cersosimo, S.; Mendez, R. A.; Siciliano, L.; Sherry, W.; Chaboyer, B.; Koopmann, R. A.; Geisler, D.; Sarajedini, A.; Dey, A.; Tyson, N.; Rich, R. M.; Gal, R.; Lamontagne, R.; Caldwell, N.; Guhathakurta, P.; Phillips, A. C.; Szkody, P.; Prosser, C.; Ho, L. C.; McMahan, R.; Baggley, G.; Cheng, K. -P.; Havlen, R.; Wakamatsu, K.; Janes, K.; Malkan, M.; Baganoff, F.; Sietzer, P.; Shara, M.; Sturch, C.; Hesser, J.; Hartigan, P.; Hughes, J.; Welch, D.; Williams, T. B.; Ferguson, H.; Francis, P. J.; French, L.; Bolte, M.; Roth, J.; Odewahn, S.; Howell, S.; and Krzeminski, W. “BVRI Light Curves for 29 Type Ia Supernovae.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 2048. Harnden, F. R., Jr.; Caillaulc, J.-P.; Damiani, F.; Kashyap, V.; Micela, G.; Prosser, C.; Rosner, R.; Sciortino, S.; and Stauffer, J. “HRI Observations of the Pleiades.” In Rontgenstrahlung from the Universe. Max Planck Institute Report 263 Conference Proceedings. eds. H. U. Zimmerman, J. E. Triimper, and R. H. Yorke, p. 43. Munich, Germany: Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, 1996. Harris, D. E.; Biretta, J. A.; and Junor, W. “X-Ray Variability in M87.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 284(4) (1997): Lat. Harrison, T. E.; McNamara, B. J.; Johnson, J. J.; Mason, P. A.; Balam, D. D.; Klemola, A. R.; Stanek, K. Z.; Sasselov, D. D.; Garcia, M. R.; and Robinson, C. R. “GRB 970815.” JAU Circular No. 6721 (1997). Hartmann, L. “The Observational Evidence for Accretion.” In Herbig Haro Flows and the Birth of Low Mass Stars, Proceedings of [AU Symposium No. 182, eds. B. Reipurth and C. Bertout, p. 391. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. Hartmann, L.; Calvert, N.; and Boss, A. P. “Sheet Models of Protostellar Collapse.” Astrophysical Journal 464 (1996): 387. Hartmann, L.; Cassen, P.; and Kenyon, S. J. “Disk Accretion and the Stellar Birthline.” Astrophystcal Journal 475 (1997): 770. Hartmann, L., and Kenyon, S. “The FU Orionis Phenomenon.” Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 34 (1996): 207. Harrtquist, T. W., and Dalgarno, A. “Molecular Diagnostics of the Interstellar Medium and Star Forming Regions.” In Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas, eds. A. J. Willis and T. W. Hartquist, p. 267. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996. He, H.; McDowell, J.; and Conroy, M. “ASC Coordinate Transformation — The Pixlib Library.” In Astronomial Data Analysis Software and Systems VI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 473. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Heckman, T. M.; Dahlem, M.; Eales, S. A.; Fabbiano, G.; and Weaver, K. “ ROSAT Observations of the X-Ray Nebula Around Arp 220.” Astrophysical Journal 457 (1996): 616. Hempelmann, A., and Donahue, R. A. “Wavelet Analysis of Stellar Differential Rotation I. The Sun.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 322 (1997): 835. Henricksen, M., and Jones, C. “An X-Ray and Optical Study of Clusters in Formation.” Astrophysical Journal 471 (1996): 673. Henriksen, M. J., and Markevitch, M. L. “Abell 754: A Non-Head-On Collision of Subclusters.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 466 (1996): L79. Henry, G. W.; Baliunas, S. L.; Donahue, R. A.; Soon, W. H.; and Saar, S. H. “Properties of Sun-Like Stars with Planets: 51 Pegasi, 47 Ursae Majoris, 70 Virginis, and HD 114762.” Astrophysical Journal 474 (1997): 503. Hergenrother, C. W.; Weber, R.; Shelly, F; Ramzel, L.; Harris, D.; and Marsden, B. G. “1996 MQ.” Minor Planet Electronic Circular 1996-M 04 (1996). Herrero, J.; Oberdorf, O.; Conroy, M.; and McDowell, J. “Implementation Design of the ASC Data Model.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems VI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds..G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 469. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Herrnstein, J. R.; Moran, J. M.; Greenhill, L. J.; Diamond, P. J.; Miyoshi, M.; Nakai, N.; and Inoue, M. “Discovery of a Sub-Parsec Jet 4000 Schwarzschild Radii from the Central Engine of NGC 4258.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 475 (1997): L17. Hewett, P.; Harding, M.; Warren, S.; Drinkwater, M.; and Foltz, C. “From z 5 Quasars tod 100 pc M-Dwarfs.” Spectrum No. 11 (1996): 10. Hilsenrath, E.; Gleason, J.; Janz, S.; Gu, X-Y.; Cebula, R. P.; Chance, K.; and Hoestra, R. “GOME Calibration and Validation Using Backscatter UV Techniques.” In Proceedings of the GOME Geophysical Validation Campaign. 85-91, European Space Agency Publication WPP-108, p. 85. Paris: European Space Agency, 1996. Ho, L. C. “Optical Spectroscopy of LINERs and Low-Luminosity Seyfert Nuclei.” In The Physics of LINERs in View of Recent Observations, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 103, eds. M. Eracleous, A. Koratkar, C. Leitherer, and L. Ho, p. 103. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. . “Young Star Clusters in Starburst Environments.” Revista Mexicana Astronomia y Astrofisica Serie de Conferencias 6 (1997): 5. Ho, L. C., and Filippenko, A. V. “High-Dispersion Spectroscopy of a Luminous, Young Star Cluster in NGC 1705: Further Evidence for Present-Day Formation of Globular Clusters.” Astrophysical Journal 472 (1996): 600. . “Observational Evidence for the Present-Day Formation of Globular Clusters.” In Star Formation, Near and Far, eds. S. S. Holt and L. G. Mundy, p. 403. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1997. Ho, L. C.; Filippenko, A. V.; and Sargent, W. L. W. “The Influence of Bars on Nuclear Activity.” Astrophysical Journal 487 (1997): 591. . “Low-Luminosity Seyfert Nuclei.” In Ezzzssion Lines in Active Galaxies: New Methods and Techniques, Proceedings of IAU Colloquium No. 159, eds. B. M. Peterson, F.-Z. Cheng, and A. S. Wilson, p. 429. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. . “The Properties of H II Regions in the Centers of Nearby Galaxies.” Astrophysical Journal 487 (1997): 579. . “A Search for Dwarf’ Seyfert Nuclei. II. Spectroscopic Parameters and Compilation of Host Galaxy Properties.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 112 (1997): 315. . “A Search for Dwarf’ Seyfert Nuclei. V. Demographics of Nuclear Activity in Nearby Galaxies.” Astrophysical Journal 487 (1997): 568. . “Star Formation in the Nuclei of Spiral Galaxies.” In The Interplay Between Massive Star Formation, the ISM and 207 Galaxy Evolution, eds. D. Kunth et al., p. 341. Gif-sur-Yvette, France: Editions Frontiéres, 1996. Ho, L. C.; Filippenko, A. V.; Sargent, W. L. W.; and Peng, C. Y. “A Search for Dwarf’ Seyfert Nuclei. IV. Nuclei with Broad Ho Emission Lines.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 112 (1997): 391. Ho, P. T. P., and Young L. M. “The Contracting Molecular Cores Er and E2 in W51.” Astrophysical Journal 472 (1996): 742. Honda, H.; Hirayama, M.; Watanabe, M.; Kunieda, H.; Tawara, Y.; Yamashita, K.; Ohashi, T.; Hughes, J. P.; and Henry, J. P. “Detection of a Temperature Structure in the Coma Cluster of Galaxies with ASCA.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 473 (1996): L71. Hooper, E. J.; Impey, C. D.; Foltz, C. B.; and Hewett, P. C. “Radio Properties of Optically-Selected Quasars III. Comparison Between Optical and X-Ray Selected Samples." Astrophysical Journal 473 (1997): 746. Hora, J.; Deutsch, L.; Hoffmann, W.; and Fazio, G. “Mid-Infrared Imaging of the Bipolar Nebulae AFGL 618, AFGL 2688, and AFGL 915.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 2064. Hu, Y.-Q.; Esser, R.; and Habbal, $. R. “A Fast Solar Wind Model with Anisotropic Proton Temperature.” Journal of Geophysical Research 102 (1997): 14661. Huchra, J. “The Biggest Map Yet.” Odyssey Magazine 6(4) (1997): 38. . “Determining the Age of the Universe.” Endeavor 20 (1997): 139- . “From Stars to Galaxies and Back Again.” In From Stars to Galaxies, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Serzes, vol. 98, eds. C. Leitherer, U. F von Alvensleben, and J. Huchra, p. 597. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Huchra, J. P.; Brodie, J. P.; Caldwell, N.; Christian, C.; and Schommer, R. “Extragalactic Globular Clusters. IV. The Data.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 102 (1996): 29. Hunter, S. D.; Bertsch, D. L.; Carelli, J. R.; Dame, T. M.; Digel, S. W.; Dingus, B. L.; Esposito, J. A.; Fichtel, C. E.; Hartman, R. C.; Kanbach, G.; Kniffen, D. A.; Lin, Y. C.; Mayer-Hasselwander, H. A.; Michelson, P. FE; Montigny, C. V.; Mukherjee, R.; Nolan, P. L.; Schneid, E.; Sreekumar, P.; Stacy, J. G.; Thaddeus, P.; and Thompson, D. J. “EGRET Observations of the Diffuse Gamma Ray Emission from the Galactic Plane.” Astrophysical Journal 481 (1997): 205. Tler, A. L.; Schachter, J. F.; and Birkinshaw, M. “Radio Polarization in EGRET Blazars.” Astrophysical Journal 486 (1997): 117. Impey, C. D.; Foltz, C. B.; Petry, C. E.; Browne, I. W. A.; and Patnaik, A. R. “Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Gravitational Lens System B1422+231.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 462 (1996): L53. Ingalls, J. G.; Chamberlin, R. A.; Bania, T. M.; Jackson, J. M.; Lane, A. P.; and Stark, A. A. “Atomic Carbon in 208 Southern Hemisphere High-Latitude Clouds.” Astrophysical Journal 479 (1997): 296. Israel, G. L.; Stella, L.; Belloni, T.; Tagliaferri, G.; Treves, A.; and Primini, F. A. “Evidence for Two X-Ray Pulsarors in M31 Based on a ROSAT HRI Observation.” In Réntgenstrahlung from the Universe. Max Planck Institute Report 263 Conference Proceedings, eds. H. U. Zimmerman, J. E. Triimper, and R. H. Yorke, p. 147. Munich, Germany: Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, 1996. Izotov, Y. I.; Chaffee, F. H.; Foltz, C. B.; Guseva, N. G.; and Kniazev, A. Y. “SBS 0335—052, A Probable Nearby Young Dwarf Galaxy: Evidence Pro and Con.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 698. Jaffe, D. T.; Plume, R.; Evans, N. J., II; and Bally, J. “Neutral Carbon and the Dense Interstellar Medium in the Inner 300 pc on the Galaxy.” In The Galactic Center: 4th ESO/CTIO Workshop, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 102, ed. R. Gredel, p. 16. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Jarrett, T.; Chester, T.; Schneider, S.; and Huchra, J. “The Effect of Stellar Contamination on Different Measures of Galaxy Photometry.” In The Impact of Large-Scale Near-IR Sky Surveys, eds. F. Garzon et al., p. 213. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. Jastrow, R., and Baliunas, S. L. “Mount Wilson Reborn: A New Era Dawns for ‘America’s Observatory’.” The Explorer's Journal 74(4) (1997): Io. Jeffries, R.; Buckley, D.; James, D.; and Stauffer, J. “2RE Jo241-525: A Nearby Post T-Tauri Visual Binary System.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 281 (1996): IOOI. Jha, S.; Torres, G.; Stefanik, R. P.; and Latham, D. W. “The Hierarchical Triple System HD 109648.” Baltic Astronomy 6 (1997): 55. Johnson, D. G.; Orphal, J.; Toon, G. C.; Chance, K. V.; Traub, W. A.; Jucks, K. W.; Guelachvili, G.; and Morillon-Chapey, M. “Measurement of Chlorine Nitrate in the Stratosphere Using the U, and UL, Bands.” Geophysical Research Letters 23 (1996): 1745. Johnson, D. G.; Traub, W. A.; and Jucks, K. W. “Phase Determination from Mostly One-Sided Interferograms.” Applied Optics 35 (1996): 2955. Johnson, L.; Carroll, J.; Estes, R. D.; Lorenzini, E. C.; Gilchrist, B.; Martinez-Sanchez, M.; Sanmartin, J.; and Vas, I. “Electrodynamic Tethers for Reboost of the International Space Station and Spacecraft Propulsion.” In AIAA Space Programs and Technologies Conference and Exhibit, paper AIAA 96-4250. Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 1996. Jones, B.; Fischer, D.; and Stauffer, J. “KECK Rotational Velocities of the Faintest Pleiades and Hyades Members.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 1562. Jones, C.; Forman, W.; David, L.; Churazov, E.; and Gilfanov, M. “Cooling Flows and Shocks in the Temperature Structure of Clusters.” In Galactic Cluster Cooling Flows, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 115, ed. N. Soker, p. 82. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Jones, C.; Stern, C.; Forman, W.; Breen, J.; David, L.; Tucker, W.; and Franx, M. “X-Ray Emission from the Fornax Cluster.” Astrophysical Journal 482 (1997): 143. Jucks, K. W.; Johnson, D. G.; Chance, K. V.; Traub, W. A.; Salawitch, R. J.; and Stachnik, R. A. “Ozone Production and Loss Rate Measurements in the Middle Stratosphere.” Journal of Geophysical Research 101 (1996): 28785. Kalkofen, W. “Oscillation in Chromospheric Network Bright Points.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 486 (1997): L145. Kaluzny, J.; Kubiak, M.; Szymanski, M.; Udalski, A.; Krzeminski, W.; Mateo, M.; and Stanek, K. Z. “The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Variable Stars in Globular Clusters. II. Fields 5139D-F in Omega Centauri.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 122 (1997): 471. Karovska, M.; Aldcroft, T.; Cameron, R. A.; Deponte, J.; and Birkinshaw, M. “The AX AF Ground Aspect Determination System Pipeline.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems VI. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Serzes, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 488. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Karovska, M.; Hack, W.; Raymond, J. C.; and Guinan, E. “First Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Mira AB Wind-Accreting System.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 482 (1997): L175. Kashyap, V. “3D Source Detection.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. to1, eds. G. H. Jacoby and J. Barnes, p. 25. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Kaspi, S.; Maoz, D.; Netzer, H.; Peterson, B. M.; Alexander, T.; Barth, A. J.; Bertram, R.; Cheng, F.-Z.; Chuvaev, K. K.; Edelson, R. A.; Filippenko, A. V.; Hemar, S.; Ho, L. C.; Kovo, O.; Matheson, T.; Pogge, R. W.; Qian, B.-C.; Smith, S. M.; Wagner, R. M.; Wu, H.; Xue, S.-J.; and Zou, Z.-L. “Multiwavelength Observations of Short Time-Scale Variability in NGC 4151. II. Optical Observations.” Astrophysical Journal 470 (1996): 336. Kellogg, E. M.; Cohen, L. M.; Edgar, R. J.; Evans, I. N.; Freeman, M. D.; Gaew, T. J.; Jerius, D.; McDermott, W. C.; McKinnon, P. J.; Murray, S. S.; Podgorski, W.; Schwartz, D. A.; Van Speybroeck, L. P.; Wargelin, B. J.; Zombeck, M. V.; Weisskopf, M. C.; Elsner, R. F; O'Dell, S. L.; Tennant, A. F.; Kolodziejczak, J. J.; Garmire, G. P.; Nousek, J. A.; Kraft, S.; Scholze, F.; Thornagel, R.; Ulm, G.; Flanagan, K. A.; Dewey, D.; Bautz, M. W.; Texter, S. C.; Arenberg, J. W.; and Carlson, R. “Absolute Calibration of the AXAF Telescope Effective Area.” In Grazing Incidence and Multilayer X-Ray Optical Systems, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 3113, eds. R. B. Hoover and A. B. Walker, II, p. 515. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997. Kelson, D.; van Dokkum, P.; Franx, M.; Illingworth, G.; and Fabricant, D. “The Fundamental Plane in Distant Clusters: Evolution of Early-Type Galaxies.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 478 (1997): L13. Kenter, A. T.; Chappell, J. H.; Kraft, R. P.; Meehan, G. R.; Murray, S. S.; Zombeck, M. V.; and Fraser, G. W. “High-Resolution Camera on AXAF.” In EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy VII, SPIE Proceedings. vol. 2808, eds. O. H. Siegmund and M. A. Gummin, p. 626. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Kenyon S. J.; Yi, I.; and Hartmann, L. “A Magnetic Accretion Disk Model for the Infrared Excesses of T Tauri Stars.” Astrophysical Journal 462 (1996): 439. Keto, E. “The Shapes of Cross-Correlation Interferometers.” Astrophysical Journal 475 (1997): 843. Keto, E.; Hora, J.; Deutsch, L.; Hoffmann, W.; Fazio, G.; Ball, R.; Meixner, M.; Skinner, C.; Arens, J. F.; and Jernigan, G. “The Infrared Bright Nuclei in the Mid-Infrared.” Astrophysical Journal 485 (1997): 598. Kharchenko, P.; Babb, J. FE; and Dalgarno, A. “Long-Range Interactions of Sodium Atoms.” Physical Review A 55 (1997): 3566. Kharchenko, V.; Tharamel, J.; and Dalgarno, A. “Kinetics of Thermalization of Fast Nitrogen Atoms Beyond the Hard Sphere Approximation.” Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Tervrestrial Physics 59 (1997): 107. Kim, D.-W.; Fabbiano, G.; Matsumoto, H.; Koyama, I.; and Trinchieri, G. “ASCA Spectra of the X-Ray Faint So Galaxy NGC 4382.” Astrophysical Journal 468 (1996): 175. Kleppner, D.; Berg, H. C.; Crampton, S. B.; Ramsey, N. F; Vessot, R. F. C.; Peters, H. E.; and Vanier, J. “Hydrogen Maser Principles and Techniques.” In Time and Frequency Measurement, eds. C. Hackman and D. B. Sullivan, p. 120 (from Physical Review 138 (1965): 972). College Park, Maryland: American Association of Physics Teachers, 1997. Kleyna, J.; Geller, M. J; Kenyon, S. J.; and Kurtz, M. J. “An Adaptive Kernel Approach to Finding dSph Galaxies Around the Milky Way.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1997): 624. Kochanek, C. S.; Falco, E. E.; Schild, R.; Dobrzycki, A.; Engels, D.; and Hagen, H.-J. “SBS 0909+532: A New Double Gravitational Lens or Binary Quasar?” Astrophysical Journal 479 (1997): 678. Kohl, J. L.; Gardner, L. D.; Strachan, L.; Cohen, C. M. S.; Galvin, A. B.; Gloeckler, G.; Guhathakurta, M.; Fisher, R. R.; Ko, Y.-K.; Geiss, J.; and von Steiger, R. “Proton Temperatures, Electron Temperatures and Outflows in the Extended Solar Corona.” In Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun: Ninth Cambridge Workshop, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 109, eds. R. Pallavicini and A. K. Dupree, p. 99. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Kohl, J. L.; Noci, G.; Antonucci, E.; Tondello, G.; Huber, M. C. E.; Gardner, L. D.; Nicolosi, P.; Cranmer, S. R.; Giordano, S.; Karovska, M.; Martin, R.; Michels, J.; Modigliani, A.; Naletto, G.; Panasyuk, A.; Pernechele, C.; Poletto, G.; Smith, P. L.; and Strachan, L. “Measurements of H Land O VI Velocity Distributions in the Extended Solar Corona with UVCS/SOHO and UVCS/Spartan 201.” In Advances in Space Research, 31st Scientific Assembly of COSPAR (Birmingham, England), vol. 20(1) (1997): 3- Kolotilov, E. A., and Kenyon, S. J. “The Recent Optical Decline of V1057 Cyg.” International Bulletin on Variable Stars No. 4494 (1997). Kraft, R. P.; Chappell, J. H.; Kenter, A. T.; Kobayashi, K.; Meehan, G. R.; Murray, S. S.; Zombeck, M. V.; Fraser, G. W.; Pearson, J. F.; Lees, J. E.; Brunton, A. N.; and Pearce, S. E. “Absolute Quantum Efficiency Calibration of the AXAF High-Resolution Camera.” In EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy VII, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 2808, eds. O. H. Siegmund and M. A. Gummin, p. 194. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Krennrich, F.; Akerlof, C.; Biller, S.; Buckley, J. H.; Catanese, M.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Cawley, M. F., Chantell, M.; Connaughton, V.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J.; Gaidos, J.; Hillas, A. M.; Kertzman, M.; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; McEnery, J.; Meyer, D.; Mohanty, G.; Quinn, J.; Rose, H. J.; Schubnell, M. S.; Sembroski, G.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; Wilson, C.; and Zweerink, J. “Observations of Markarian 421 at Large Zenith Angles.” Astrophysical Journal 481 (1996): 758. Krockenberger, M.; Sasselov, D. D.; and Noyes, R. W. “Measurement Errors in Baade—Wesselink Radu.” Astrophysical Journal 479 (1997): 875. Kurtz, M. J. “What You Find Is What You Get.” Vistas in Astronomy 40 (1996): 393. Kurtz, M. J.; Eichhorn, G.; Murray, S. S.; Stern-Grant, C.; and Accomazzi, A. “The Astrophysics Data System: A Heterogeneous Distributed Data Environment.” In The Information Revolution: Impact on Science and Technology, CODATA 94, eds. J.-E. Dubois and N. Gershon, p. 123. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1996. Kurucz, R. “Progress on Model Atmospheres and Line Data.” In Fundamental Stellar Properties, Proceedings of IAU Colloquium No. 189, eds. T. R. Bedding, A. J. Booth, and J. Davis, p. 217. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. Lacy, C. H.S.; Fekel, F. C.; Mathieu, R. D.; Morell, N. L; Morse, J. A.; Torres, G.; and Willmarth, D. “The Spectroscopic Orbit of Ceti.” Astronomical Journal 133 (1997): 1088. Lacy, C. H.S.; Torres, G.; Latham, D. W.; Zakirov, M. M.; and Arzumanyants, X. “Absolute Dimensions and Masses of IT Cassiopeiae.” Astronomical Journal 114 (1997): 1206. Laming, J. M.; Raymond, J. C.; McLaughlin, B. M.; and Blair, W. P. “Non-Radiative Shocks Associated with SN 1006.” Astrophysical Journal 472 (1996): 267. 210 Lane, A. P., and Stark, A. A. “Antarctic Submillimeter Telescope and Remote Observatory (AST/RO): Installation at Pole.” Antarctic Journal of the United States 30(5) (1996): 377- Langer, W. D.; Velusamy, T.; Kuiper, T. B. H.; Peng, R.; McCarthy, M. C.; Travers, M. J.; Kovacs, A.; Gottlieb, C. A.; and Thaddeus, P. “First Astronomical Detection of the Cumulene Carbon Chain Molecule H.C, in TMC-1.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 480 (1997): L63. Laor, A.; Fiore, F.; Elvis, M.; Wilkes, B. J.; and McDowell, J. C. “The Soft X-Ray Properties of a Complete Sample of Optically Selected Quasars II. Final Results.” Astrophysical Journal 477 (1997): 93. Lasota, J. P.; Narayan, R.; and Yi, I. “Mechanisms for the Outbursts of Soft X-Ray Transients.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 314 (1996): 813. Latham, D. W. “Radial-Velocity Searches for Low-Mass Companions Orbiting Solar-Type Stars.” In Planets Beyond the Solar System and the Next Generation of Space Missions, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 119, ed. D.R. Soderblom, p. 19. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Latham, D. W.; Nordstrém, B.; Andersen, J.; Torres, G.; Stefanik, R. P.; Thaller, M.; and Bester, M. “Accurate Mass Determination for Double-Lined Spectroscopic Binaries by Digital Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy: DM Virginis Revisited.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 314 (1996): 864. Lawrence, A.; Elvis, M.; Wilkes, B. J.; McHardy, I.; and Brandt, N. “X-Ray and Optical Continua of AGN with Extreme FelII Emission.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 285 (1997): 879. Lebach, D.; Corey, B. E.; Shapiro, I. I.; Ratner, M. I.; Davis, J. L.; and Herring, T. A. “A VLBI Measurement of the Solar Gravitational Deflection of Radio Waves.” In Proceedings of the Seventh Marcel Grossman Meeting, eds. R. T. Jantzen and G. M. Keiser, p. 1515. River Edge, New Jersey: World Scientific, 1996. Lecar, M. “The Planetary Companions to PSR 1257 + 12.” In Astronomical Time Series, eds. D. Maoz, A. Sternberg, and E. M. Leibowitz, p. 231. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. Lecar, M., and Franklin, E “The Solar Nebula, Secular Resonances, Gas Drag, and the Asteroid Belt.” Icarus 129 (1997): 134. Leibundgut, B.; Schommer, R.; Phillips, M.; Riess, A.; Schmidt, B.; Spyromilio, J.; Walsh, J.; Suntzeff, N.; Hamuy, M.; Maza, J.; Kirshner, R. P.; Challis, P.; Garnavich, P.; Smith, R. C.; Dressler, A.; and Ciardullo, R. “Time Dilation in the Light Curve of the Distant Type Ia Supernova SN 1995K.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 466 (1996): L21. Leitherer, C.; Alloin, D.; von Alvensleben, U. F.; Gallagher, J. S.; Huchra, J. P.; Matteucci, E; O'Connell, R. W.; Beckman, J. E.; Bertelli, G.; Bica, E.; Boisson, C.; Bonatto, C.; Bothun, G. D.; Bressan, A.; Brodie, J. P.; Bruzual, G.; Burstein, D.; Buser, R.; Caldwell, N.; Casuso, E.; Cervino, M.; Charlot, S.; Chavez, M.; Chiosi, C.; Christian, C. A.; Cuisinier, F.; Dallier, R.; De Korter, A.; Delisle, S.; Diaz, A. I.; Dopita, M. A.; Dorman, B.; Fagotto, F.; Fanelli, M. N.; Fioc, M.; Garcia-Vargas, M. L.; Girardi, L.; Goldader, J. D.; Hardy, E.; Heckman, T. M.; Iglesias, J.; Jablonka, P.; Joly, M.; Jones, L.; Kurth, O.; Lancon, A.; Lejeune, T.; Loxen, J.; Maeder, A.; Malagnini, M. L.; Marigo, P.; Mas-Hesse, J. M.; Meynet, G.; Moller, C. S.; Molla, M. L.; Morossi, C.; Nasi, E.; Nichols, J. S.; Odegaard, K. J. R.; Parker, J. W.; Pastoriza, M. G.; Peletier, R.; Robert, C.; Rocca- Volmerange, B.; Schaerer, D.; Schmidt, A.; Schmitt, H. R.; Schommer, R. A.; Schmutz, W.; Roos, M. S.; Silva, L.; Srasinska, G.; Sutherland, R. S.; Tantalo, R.; Traac, P.; Vallenari, A.; Vazdekis, A.; Walborn, N. R.; Worthey, G.; and Wu, C.-C. “Database for Galaxy Evolution Modeling.” Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 108 (1996): 996. Leitherer, C.; Gallagher, J.; Huchra, J.; and von Alvensleben, U. E (editors). From Stars to Galaxies. The Impact of Stellar Physics on Galaxy Evolution, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series. vol. 98. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996; also in CDROM Database for Galaxy and Cluster Evolutionary Studies (from the Space Telescope Science Workshop “From Stars to Galaxies”). Lepp, S., and Dalgarno, A. “Applications of Atomic and Molecular Physics to Astrophysics.” In Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics Handbook, ed. G. W. F. Drake, p. 919. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1996. Lessard, R.; Boyle, P. J.; Buckley, J. H.; Bradbury, S. M.; Burdett, A. M.; Bussons Gordo, J.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. F.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R. C.; Masterson, C.; McEnery, J. E.; Mohanty, G.; Moriarty, P.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F. W.; Sembroski, G. H.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; and Zweerink, J. “Constraints on Cosmic-Ray Origin Theories from TeV Gamma-Ray Observations.” In Proceedings of the 23h International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), vol. 3, eds. M. S. Potgierer, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p. 233. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. Levenson, N. A.; Graham, H. R.; Aschenbach, B.; Blair, W. P.; Brinkmann, W.; Bosser, J. U.; Egger, R.; Fesen, R. A.; Hester, J. J.; Kahu, S. U.; Klein, R. 1.; McKee, C. F; Petre, R.; Pisarski, R.; Raymond, J. C.; and Snowden, S. L. “The ROSAT HRI X-Ray Survey of the Cygnus Loop.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 484 (1997): L304. Levine, A. M.; Thomas, B.; Garcia, M.; Berlind, P.; and Callanan, P. “V1333 Aquilae.” IAU Circular No. 6558 (1997): 2- Li, X.; Esser, R.; Habbal, S. R.; and Hu, Y.-Q. “Influence of Heavy Ions on the High Speed Solar Wind.” Journal of Geophysical Research 102 (1997): 17419. Liu, M. C.; Graham, J. R.; Ghez, A. M.; Meixner, M.; Skinner, C. J.; Keto, E.; Ball, R.; Arens, J. F.; and Jernigan, J. F. “Mid-Infrared Imaging of Young Stellar Objects.” Astrophysical Journal 461 (1996): 334. Liu, W., and Dalgarno, A. “Formation and Destruction of Silicon Monoxide in SN 1987A.” Astrophysical Journal 471 (1996): 480. Long, K. S.; Mauche, C. W.; Raymond, J. C.; and Szkody, P. “EUVE Observations of U Gem in Outburst.” Astrophysical Journal 469 (1996): 841. Lopez-Cruz, O.; Yee, H. K.; Brown, J. P.; Jones, C.; and Forman, W. “Are Luminous cD Halos Formed by the Disruption of Dwarf Galaxies?” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 475 (1997): L97. Lorenzini, E. C., and Pasca, M. “Conceptual Design of a Mars Sample-Return Mission Without Landing.” In Proceedings of the Second IAA International Conference on Low-Cost Planetary Missions (Laurel, Maryland), IAA-L-o406. Paris, France: International Academy of Astronautics, 1996. Luu, J.; Jewitt, D.; Trujillo, C. A.; Hergenrother, C. W.; Chen, J.; and Offutc, W. B. “A New Dynamical Class in the Trans-Neptunian Solar System.” Nature 387 (1997): 573. Mahadevan, R.; Narayan, R.; and Krolik, J. “Gamma-Ray Emission from Advection-Dominated Accretion Flows Around Black Holes: Application to the Galactic Center.” Astrophysical Journal 486 (1997): 268. Mahdavi, A.; Bohringer, H. X.; Geller, M. J.; and Ramella, M. “X-Ray Emission from Optically Selected Galaxy Groups.” Astrophysical Journal 483 (1997): 68. Mahdavi, A.; Geller, M.; Fabricanr, D.; Kurtz, M.; Postman, M.; and McLean, B. “The Lumpy Cluster Abell 1185.” Astronomical Journal 111 (1996): 64. Mandel, E. “The SAOtng Programming Interface.” In Astronomical Data Analysts Software and Systems VI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 253. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Mandel, E., and Ackerman, M. S. “The ASSIST: Unified Management of Public and Private Information.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 101, eds. G. H. Jacoby and J. Barnes, p. 92. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Manzo, G.; Giarrusso, S.; Santangelo, A.; Ciralli, F.; Fazio, G.; Piraino, S.; and Segreto, A. “The High Pressure Gas Scintillation Proportional Counter On-Board the BeppoSAX X-Ray Astronomy Satellite.” Astronomy and Astrophysics, Supplement Series 122 (1997): 341. Maoz, D.; Filippenko, A. V.; Hol, L. C.; Macchetto, F. D.; Rix, H.-W.; and Schneider, D. P. “An Atlas of Hubble Space Telescope Ultraviolet Images of Nearby Galaxies.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 107 (1996): 215. Marcaide, J. M.; Alberdi, A.; Ros, E.; Diamond, P.; Shapiro, I. L; Guirado, J. C.; Jones, D. L.; Mantovani, FE; Pérez-Torrez, M. A.; Preston, R. A.; Schilizzi, R. T.; Sramek, R. A.; Trigilio, C.; Van Dyk, S. D.; Weiler, K. W.; and Whitney, A. R. “Deceleration in the Expansion of SN1993J.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 486 (1997): L3t. 211 Marinescu, M.; Dalgarno, A.; and Babb, J. F “Retarded Long-Range Potentials for the Alkali-Metal Atoms and a Perfectly Conducting Wall.” Physical Review A 55 (1997): 1530. Mariotti, J.-M.; Coudé Du Foresto, V.; Perrin, G.; Zhao, P.; and Lena, P. “Interferometric Connection of Large Ground-Based Telescopes.” Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 116 (1996): 381. Markevitch, M. “Abell 2218: X-Ray Lensing, Merger, or Both?” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 483 (1997): L17. . “Temperature Structure of Four Hot Clusters Obtained with ASCA Data.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 465 (1996): Li. Markevitch, M. L.; Sarazin, C. L.; and Irwin, J. A. “Heating of the Intracluster Gas in the Triangulum Australis Cluster.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 472 (1996): L17. Markevitch, M., and Vikhlinin, A. “Comparison of ASCA and ROSAT Cluster Temperatures: A2256, A3558, and AWM7.” Astrophysical Journal 474 (1997): 84. . “Dark Matter and Baryon Fraction at the Virial Radius in Abell 2256.” Astrophysical Journal 491 (1997): 467. Marschall, L. A.; Stefanik, R. P.; Lacy, C. H.; Torres, G.; Williams, D. B.; and Agerer, F. “The Eclipsing Double-Lined Spectroscopic Binary System W505 Persei.” Astronomical Journal 114 (1997): 793- Marsden, B. G. IAU Circulars (editor and contributor). Nos. 6282-6528, 1996. . LAU Circulars (editor and contributor). Nos. 6529-6749, 1997. . Minor Planet Circulars (editor and contributor). Nos. 27748-28636, 1996. . Minor Planet Circulars (editor and contributor). Nos. 28637-30712, 1997. . “Overview of Orbits.” In Near-Earth Objects: The U. N. International Conference, vol. 822, ed. J. Remo, p. 52. New York: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1997. . “Searches for Comets and Planets.” In Completing the Inventory of the Solar System, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 107, eds. T. W. Rettig and J. M. Hahn, p- 193. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Marshall, H. L.; Carone, T. E.; Shull, J. M.; Malkan, M. A.; and Elvis, M. “The Steep Soft X-Ray Spectrum of the Highly Variable Active Nucleus in Mrk 478.” Astrophysical Journal 457 (1996): 169. Marvin, U. B. “Citation: Gordon L. Herries Davis.” History of Geology Award of the Geological Society of America. GSA Today 7(3) (1997): 26. . “Geology.” In Dictionary of American History Supplement, vol. 1, p. 281. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1996. . “The Global Theories of Amadeus W. Grabau (1870-1946): A Retrospective View.” In Proceedings of the 30th International Geological Congress, vol. 26, p. 165. The Netherlands: International Science Publishers (VSP), 1997. 212 . “History of Planetary Geoscience.” In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences, vol. 2, p. 836. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1996. Marvin, U.B.; Peraev, M. I.; Croft, W. J.; and Killgore, M. “Silica Minerals in the Gibeon IVA Iron Meteorite.” In Lunar and Planetary Science XXVIII, p. 879. Houston, Texas: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1997. Marzke, R. O.; Huchra, J. P.; and Geller, M. J. “Large Scale Structure at Low Galactic Latitude.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 1803. Mathur, S.; Elvis, M.; and Singh, K. P. “ASCA Observations of a BALQSO:PHL 5200.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 455 (1996): Lo. Mathur, S., and Nair, S. “X-Ray Absorption Toward the Einstein Ring Source PKS 1830-211.” Astrophysical Journal 484 (1997): 140. Mathur, S.; Wilkes, B. J.; and Aldcroft, T. “The Evolving X-Ray Absorber on NGC3516.” In Emission Lines in Active Galaxies: New Methods and Techniques, Proceedings of [AU Colloquium No. 159, eds. B. M. Peterson, F.-Z. Cheng, and A. S. Wilson, p. 234. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. . “The X-Ray Warm Absorber in NGC 3516.” Astrophysical Journal 478 (1997): 182. Mattison, E. M., and Vessot, R. F. C. “Design of a Hydrogen Maser for Space.” In Proceedings of the 28th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting. p. 463. Washington, D.C.: United States Naval Observatory, 1997; also in Proceedings of the 11th European Frequency and Time Forum, p. 525. Neuchatel, Switzerland: University of Neuchatel, 1997. Mattox, J. R.; Schachter, J.; Molnar, L.; Harcman, R. C.; and Patnaik, A. R. “The Identification of EGRET Sources with Flat-Spectrum Radio Sources.” Astrophysical Journal 481 (1997): 95. Mattox, J. R.; Wagner, S. J.; Malkan, M.; McGlynn, T. A.; Schachter, J. F.; Grove, J. E.; Honson, W. N.; and Kurfess, J. D. “An Intense Gamma-Ray Flare of PKS 1622-297.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 692. Mazeh, T.; Mayor, M.; and Latham, D. W. “Eccentricity versus Mass for Low-Mass Secondaries and Planets.” Astrophysical Journal 478 (1997): 367. McCarthy, M. C.; Travers, M. J.; Gottlieb, C. A.; and Thaddeus, P. “Laboratory Detection of the Ring-Chain Molecule C,H:.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 483 (1997): L139. McCarthy, M. C.; Travers, M. J.; Kalmus, P.; Gottlieb, C. A.; and Thaddeus, P. “Microwave Spectroscopy of the Carbon Chain Radical C,,H.” Chemical Physics Letters 264 (1997): 252. McCarthy, M. C.; Travers, M. J.; Kovacs, A.; Chen, W.; Novick, S. E.; Gottlieb, C. A.; and Thaddeus, P. “Detection and Characterization of the Cumulene Carbenes H.C, and H.Cg.” Science 275 (1997): 518. McCulloch, M.; Mortimer, G.; East, T.; Li, X.; Pillans, B.; and Chappell, J. “High Resolution Windows into Early Holocene Climate: Sr/Ca Coral Records from the Huon Peninsula.” Earth and Planetary Science Letters 138 (1996): 169. McDermott, W. C.; Kellogg, E. M.; Wargelin, B. J.; Evans, I. N.; Vitek, S. A.; Tsiang, E. Y.; Schwartz, D. A.; Edgar, R. J.; Kraft, S.; Scholze, F.; Thornagel, R.; Ulm, G.; Weisskopf, M. C.; O'Dell, S. L.; Tennant, A. F; Kolodziejczak, J. J.; and Zirnstein, G. “AXAF HXDS Germanium Solid State Detectors.” In Grazing Incidence and Multilayer X-Ray Optical Systems, SPIE Proceedings. vol. 3113, eds. R. B. Hoover and A. B. Walker, II, p 535. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997. McEnery, J. E.; Bond, I. H.; Boyle, P. J.; Buckley, J. H.; Bradbury, S. M.; Breslin, A. C.; Burdett, A. M.; Bussons Gordo, J.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. F; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hall, A.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; Masterson, C.; Mohanty, G.; Moriarty, P.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F. W.; Sembroski, G. H.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; and Zweerink, J. “Large TeV Observations of the Variability and Spectrum of Markarian 421.” In Proceedings of the 23h International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), vol. 3, eds. M. S. Potgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p. 257. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. McKee, C. F., and Williams, J. P. “The Luminosity Function of OB Associations in the Galaxy.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 144. McLaughlin; B. M.; Wilnter, T. G.; and McCann, J. F. “Balmer-Q Emission in Proton-Hydrogen Collisions.” Journal of Physics B: Atomic Molecular & Optical Physics 30 (1997): 1043. McNamara, B. R.; Jannuzi, B. T.; Elston, R.; Sarazin, C. L.; and Wise, M. “U-Band Polarimetry of the Radio-Aligned Optical Continuum in the Abell 1795 Cluster Central Galaxy.” Astrophysical Journal 469 (1996): 66. McNamara, B. R.; O’Connell, R. W.; and Sarazin, C. L. “Optical, Radio, and X-Ray Structure in NGC 1275.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 91. McNamara, B. R.; Wise, M.; Sarazin, C. L.; Jannuzi, B. T.; and Elston, R. “Optical Structure in the Abell 1795 Cluster Central Galaxy: Evidence for Stripping and Deflection of Radio Jets.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 466 (1996): Lo. Meehan, G. R.; Kenter, A. T.; Kraft, R. P; Murray, S. S.; Zombeck, M. V.; Kobayashi, K.; Chappell, J. H.; Barbera, M.; and Collura, A. “Measurement of the Transmission of the UV/lon Shields for the AXAF High-Resolution Camera.” In EUV, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy VII, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 2808, eds. O. H. Siegmund and M. A. Gummin, p. 210. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Meixner, M.; Skinner, C. J.; Graham, J. R.; Keto, E.; Jernigan, J. G.; and Arens, J. F. “Axially Symmetric Superwinds of Proto-Planetary Nebulae with 211m Dust Features.” Astrophysical Journal 482 (1996): 897. Meixner, M.; Skinner, C. J.; Keto, E.; Zijlstra, A.; Arens, J. F; and Jernigan, J. G. “Mid-IR and Radio Images of IC 418: A Case Study of Dust in a Young Planetary Nebula.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 313 (1996): 234. Menten, K. M.; Reid, M. J.; Eckart, A.; and Genzel, R. “The Position of Sgr A*—Accurate Alignment of the Radio and Infrared Frames.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 475 (1997): Lut. Micela, G.; Sciortino, S.; Kashyap, V.; Harnden, F. R., Jr.; and Rosner, R. “ROSAT Observations of the Pleiades. I. X-Ray Characteristics of a Coeval Stellar Population.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement 102 (1996): 75. Mignoli, M.; Bartolini, C.; Bragaglia, A.; Clementini, G.; Comastri, A.; Guarnieri, A.; Frontera, E; Nicastro, L.; Costa, E.; Garcia, M.; Moraru, D.; McClintock, J.; Robinson, C. R.; Kouveliotou, C.; Van Paradijs, J.; and Hu, J.-Y. “GRB 970508.” IAU Circular No. 6661 (1997): 2. Miralles, M. P.; Salas, L.; Cruz-Gonzalez, I.; and Kurtz, S. “Discovery of an H; Jet and HH Objects in the S225-IR Complex.” Astrophysical Journal 488 (1997): 749. Mitchell, D. L.; Ostro, S. J.; Hudson, R. S.; Rosema, K. D.; Campbell, D. B.; Velez, R.; Chandler, J. F; Shapiro, I. I.; Giorgini, J. D.; and Yeomans, D. K. “Radar Observations of Asteroids 1 Ceres, 2 Pallas, and 4 Vesta.” Icarus 124 (1996): 113. Mohr, J. J.; Geller, M. J.; Fabricant, D. G.; Wegner, G.; Thorstensen, J.; and Richstone, D. O. “An Optical and X-Ray Study of Abell 576, a Galaxy Cluster with a Cold Core.” Astrophysical Journal 470 (1996): 724. Mohr, J. J.; Geller, M. J.; and Wegner, G. “Dynamics of the Poor Galaxy Clusters Abell 2626 and Abell 2440.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 1816. Moran, J. M. “Dynamical Models of the Maser in NGC 4258.” In Emission Lines in Active Galaxies: New Methods and Techniques, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 113, eds. B. M. Peterson, F.-Z. Cheng, and A. S. Wilson, p. 402. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Morse, J. A.; Blair, W. P.; Dopita, M. A.; Hughes, J. P.; Kirshner, R. P.; Long, K. S.; Raymond, J. C.; Sutherland, R.S.; and Winkler, P. F “Hubble Space Telescope Observations of Oxygen-Rich Supernova Remnants in the Magellanic Clouds. I. Narrowband Imaging of N132D in the LMC.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 509; “Erratum.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 2350. Mould, J.; Han, M.; Stetson, P.; Gibson, B.; Graham, J.; Huchra, J.; Madore, B.; and Rawson, D. “The Age of the Magellanic Cloud Cluster.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 483 (1997): Li. Mukai, K.; Wood, J.; Naylor, T.; Schlegel, E. M.; and Swank, J. “The X-Ray Eclipse of the Dwarf Nova HT Cas: Results from ASCA and ROSAT HRI Observations.” Astrophysical Journal 475 (1997): 812. Murphy, E. M.; Lockman, F. J.; Laor, A.; and Elvis, M. “Galactic HI Column Densities Toward Quasars and AGN.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 105 (1996): 369. 213 Narayan, R.; “Accretion Flows Around Black Holes.” In Unsolved Problems in Astrophysics. eds. J. N. Bahcall and J. P. Ostriker, p. 301. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1996. . “Advection-Dominated Accretion Flows: Optically Thin Solutions.” In Physics of Accretion Disks. eds. S. Kato, S. Inagaki, S. Mineshige, and J. Fukue, p. 15. New York: Gordon & Breach, 1996. Narayan, R.; Barret, D.; and McClintock, J. E. “Advection- Dominated Accretion Model of the Black Hole V404 Cyg in Quiescence.” Astrophysical Journal 482 (1997): 448. Narayan, R.; Garcia, M. R.; and McClintock, J. E. “Advection-Dominated Accretion and Black Hole Event Horizons.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 478 (1997): 179. Narayan, R.; Kato, S.; and Honma, F. “Global Structure and Dynamics of Advection-Dominated Accretion Flows Around Black Holes.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 49. Narayan, R.; Yi, I.; and Mahadevan, R. “Advection-Dominated Accretion Model of Sagittarius A* and Other Accreting Black Holes.” Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 120 (1996): 287. Neufeld, D. A.; Chen, W.; Melnick, G. J.; deGraauw, T.; Feuchtgruber, H.; Hauser, L.; Lutz, D.; and Harwit, M. “Detection of Far-Infrared Rotational Lines of Water Vapor Toward W Hydrae.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 315(2) (1996): L237. . “Detection of Thermal Water Vapour Emission from W Hydrae.” In Molecules in Astrophysics, Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 178 ed. E. van Dishoeck, p. 385. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. Neuhauser, R.; Magazzi, A.; Sterzik, M. F.; Alcala, J. M.; Torres, G.; and Martin, E. L. “Are There Run-Away T Tauri Stars in Taurus?” In Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun: Ninth Cambridge Workshop, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 109, eds. R. Pallavicini and A. K. Dupree, p. 433. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Neuhauser, R.; Torres, G.; Sterzik, M. F.; and Randich, S. “Optical High-Resolution Spectroscopy of ROSAT Detected Late-Type Stars South of the Taurus Molecular Clouds.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 325 (1997): 647. Neuhdauser, R.; Walter, F. M.; and Wok, S. J. “ROSAT Observations of Isolated Neutron Stars.” In Proceedings of the Workshop on Supersoft X-Ray Sources, Lecture Notes in Physics, ed. J. Greiner, p. 279. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1996. Nguyen, D.; Gaetz, T.; Jerius, D.; and Stern, I. “Modeling AXAF Observations with the Generalized Aperture Program.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems VI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 485. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Noyes, R. W.; Jha, S.; Korzennik, S. G.; Krockenberger, M.; Nisenson, P.; Brown, T.M.; Kennelly, E. J.; and Horner, S. D. “A Planet Orbiting the Star Rho Coronae Borealis.” Astrophysical Journal 483 (1997): 111. 214 O'Dea, C. P.; Worrall, D. M.; Baum, S. A.; and Stanghellini, C. “A ROSAT Search for Clusters Around Three Powerful Radio Galaxies at Redshifts 0.1 z 0.25.” Astronomical Journal it (1996): 92. O'Dell, C. R.; Hartigan, P.; Lane, W. M.; Wong, S. K.; Burton, M. G.; Raymond, J. C.; and Axon, D. J. “Herbig-Haro Objects in the Orion Nebula.” Astronomical Journal 114 (1997): 730. Odewahn, S. C.; Djorgovski, S. G.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Frail, D. A.; Herter, T.; Fang, F.; Xu, X.; Pevunova, O.; Steidel, C.; Adelberger, K.; Kellog, M.; Stanek, K. Z.; Garcia, M. R.; and Krockenberger, M. “GRB 970828.” IAU Circular No. 6735 (1997): I. Ohashi, N.; Hayashi M.; Ho, P. T. P.; and Munetake, M. “Interferometric Imaging of IRAS 04368+2557 in the L1527 Molecular Cloud Core: A Dynamically Infalling Envelope with Rotation.” Astrophysical Journal 475 (1997): 211. O'Neal, D.; Neff, J. E.; and Saar, S. H. “TiO Band Measurement of Starspot Temperature and Area on Active Stars.” In Cool Stars, Stellar Systems. and the Sun: Ninth Cambridge Workshop, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 109, eds. R. Pallavicini and A. K. Dupree, p. 261. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. O'Neal, D.; Saar, S. H.; and Neff, J. E. “Measurements of Starspot Area and Temperature on Five Active Evolved Stars.” Astrophysical Journal 463 (1996): 766. Orosz, J. A.; Remillard, R. A.; Bailyn, C. D.; and McClintock, J. E. “An Optical Precursor to the Recent X-Ray Oucburst of the Black Hole Binary GRO J1655-40.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 478 (1997): L83. Owens, A.; Denby, M.; Wells, A.; Keay, A.; Graessle, D. E.; and Blake, R. L. “The Effect of X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure in Soft X-Ray Astronomical Telescopes.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 924. Pallavicini, R., and Dupree, A. K. (editors) Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun: Ninth Cambridge Workshop, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 109. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Pantoja, C. A.; Altschuler, D. R.; Giovanardi, C.; and Giovanelli, R. “21-cm Line Observations of Galaxies in the Zone of Avoidance.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1997): 905. Park, S.; Finley, J. P.; Snowden, S. L.; and Dame, T. M. “Evidence for an X-Ray Emitting Galactic Bulge: Shadows Cast by Distant Molecular Clouds.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 476 (1997): 177. Pelaez, J.; Ruiz, M.; and Lorenzini, E. C. “The SEDSAT: A Tether-Injected Small Satellite.” In Proceedings of the International Conference on Small Satellites: Missions and Technology, p. 151. Madrid, Spain: Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aerospacial, 1996. . “Strategies for Maximizing the Lifetime of the SEDSAT Satellite.” Advances in Astronautical Sciences, Spaceflight Mechanics 93 (1996) 1571. Peled, S.; Jolesz, F. A.; Tseng, C. H.; Nascimben, L.; Albert, M. S.; and Walsworth, R. L. “Determinants of Tissue Delivery for “’Xe Magnetic Resonance in Humans.” Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 36 (1996): 340. Percy, J. R.; Harlow, J.; Hayhoe, K. A. W.; Ivans, I. I; Lister, M.; Plume, R.; Rosebery, T.; Thompson, S.; and Yeung, D. “Photometric Monitoring of Bright Be Stars. III. 1988-89 and 1992-95.” Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 109 (1997): 121. Perlman, E. S.; Stocke, J. T.; Schachter, J. F; Elvis, M.; Ellingson, E.; Urry, C. M.; Impey, C.; and Kolchinsky, P. “The Einstein Slew Survey Sample of BL Lacs.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Serzes 104 (1996): 251. Pernechele, C.; Naletto, G.; Nicolosi, P.; Tondello, G.; Fineschi, S.; Romoli, M.; Noci, G.; Spadaro, D.; and Kohl, J. L. “Optical Performances of the UVCS/SOHO Spectrometer.” Applied Optics 36 (1997): 813. Perrin, G.; Coudé du Foresto, V.; Ridgway, S. T.; Mariotti, J.-M.; Carleton, N. P.; and Traub, W. A. “Observing Stellar Surfaces with a High-Precision Infrared Interferometer.” In Science with the VLT Interferometer, ed. F. Paresce, p. 318. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1997. Pesce, J. E.; Urry, C. M.; Kollgaard, R. I.; Palma, C.; Knee, L. B. G.; Tornikoski, M.; Aller, H. D.; Aller, M. E; Sitko, M. L.; Hooper, E. J.; Smith, P. S.; Barth, A. J.; Filippenko, A. V.; Buckley, D. A. H.; Kilkenny, D.; Whitelock, P. A.; Van der Walt, J.; Schutte, A.; Kunkel, M.; Wolk, S. J.; Joner, M. D.; Covino, E.; Layden, A. C.; Magalhaes, A. M.; Margoniner, V. E.; Pereyra, A.; and Rodrigues, C. V. “Multiwavelength Observations of PKS 2155-304 in May 1994: The Ground- Based Campaign.” Astrophysical Journal 486 (1997): 770. Petaev, M. I., and Marvin, U. B. “Drusy Vugs in the Albion Iron Meteorite: Early Speculations on Origin.” Meteoritics and Planetary Science Supplement 31 (1996): A1o7. . “Mineralogy and Origin of Brassy, Sulfide-Rich Masses in the Gibeon IVA Iron.” In Lunar and Planetary Science XXVIII, p. 1093. Houston, Texas: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1997. Petaev, M. I.; Marvin, U. B.; and Killgore, M. “Mineralogy of Sulfide-Bearing Vugs in the Gibeon IVA Iron.” In Lunar and Planetary Science XXVIII, p. 1095. Houston, Texas: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1997. Piran, T., and Narayan, R. “Are There MeV Gamma-Ray Bursts?” In Proceedings of the Huntsville Meeting on Gamma-Ray Bursts, vol. 384, eds. C. Kouvekiotou, M. F. Briggs, and G. J. Fishman, p. 233. Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1996. Plucinsky, P. P. “ROSAT Pointed Observations of the Monogem Ring.” In Réntgenstrahlung from the Universe, Max Planck Institute Report 263 Conference Proceedings, eds. H. U. Zimmerman, J. E. Triimper, and R. H. Yorke, p. 269. Munich, Germany: Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, 1996. Plucinsky, P. P.; Snowden, S. L.; Briel, U. G.; Hasinger, G.; and Pfefferman, E. “An Updated Calibration of the ROSAT PSPC Particle Background for the Analysis of Diffuse and Extended Sources: Erratum.” Astrophysical Journal 458 (1996): 861. Plume, R.; Jaffe, D. T.; Evans, N. J., Il, Marcin-Pintado, J.; and Gomez-Gonzilez, J. “Dense Gas and Star Formation: Characteristics of Cloud Cores Associated with Water Masers.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 730. Popham, R.; Kenyon, S.; Hartmann, L.; and Narayan, R. “Spectra and Line Profiles of FU Orionis Objects: Comparisons Between Boundary Layer Models and Observations.” Astrophysical Journal 473 (1996): 422. Pratap, P.; Dickens, J. E.; Snell, R. L.; Miralles, M. P.; Bergin, E. A.; Irvine, W. M.; and Schloerb, F. P. “A Study of the Physics and Chemistry in TMC-1.” Astrophysical Journal 486 (1997): 862. Prestwich, A. H.; Joy, M.; Luginbuhl, C. B.; Sulkanen, M.; and Newberry, M. “A Search for the Cooling Flow Accretion Population: Optical and Near-Infrared Imaging of NGC 1275.” Astrophysical Journal 477 (1997): 144. Proga, D.; Kenyon, S. J.; Raymond, J.; and Mika, J. “Tilumination in Symbiotic Binary Stars: NLTE Photoionization Models. I. Hydrostatic Case.” Astrophysical Journal 471 (1996): 930. Pyne, T., and Birkinshaw, M. “Beyond the Thin Lens Approximation.” Astrophysical Journal 458 (1996): 46. Pyne, T.; Gwinn, C. R.; Birkinshaw, M.; Eubanks, T. M.; and Matsakis, D. N. “Gravitational Radiation and Very Long Baseline Interferometry.” Astrophysical Journal 465 (1996): 566. Quinn, J.; Bond, I. H.; Boyle, P. J.; Buckley, J. H.; Bradbury, S. M.; Breslin, A. C.; Burdett, A. M.; Bussons Gordo, J.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. E; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hall, A.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; Masterson, C.; McEnery, J. E.; Mohanty, G.; Moriarty, P.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F. W.; Sembroski, G. H.; Srinivasan, R.; Weekes, T. C.; and Zweerink, J. “TeV Observations of the Variability and Spectrum of Markarian 501.” In Proceedings of the 25th International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), vol. 3, eds. M. S. Porgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p. 249. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. Ramella, M.; Focardi, P.; and Geller, M. J. “The Redshift Neighborhoods of 13 SSRS Groups of Galaxies.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 312 (1996): 745. Ramella, M.; Pisani, A.; and Geller, M. J. “Groups of Galaxies in the Northern CfA Redshift Survey.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1996): 483. Randich, S.; Aharpour, N.; Pallavicini, R.; Prosser, C.; and Stauffer, J. “Lithium Abundances in the Young Open Cluster IC2602.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 323 (1997): 86. Ransom, R. R.; Bartel, N.; Bietenholz, M. F; Ratner, M. I.; Shapiro, I. I.; Lebach, D. E.; and Lestrade, J.-F. “VLBI of the Candidate Guide Star HR s11o for NASA's Gravity 215 Probe-B Mission.” Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 90/5/6 (1996): 318. Ratner, M. I.; Lebach, D. E.; Shapiro, I. I.; and Bartel, N. “The Guide Star for the Gyroscope Relativity Mission.” In Proceedings of the Seventh Marcel Grossman Meeting, eds. R. T. Jantzen and G. M. Keiser, p. 1553. River Edge, New Jersey: World Scientific, 1996. Raymond, J. C.; Blair, W. P.; Long, K. S.; Vancura, O.; Edgar, R. J.; Morse, J.; Hartigan, P.; and Sanders, W. T. “The Ulcraviolet Spectrum of a Face-On Shock Wave in the Vela Supernova Remnant.” Astrophysical Journal 482 (1997): 881. Reasenberg, R. D.; Babcock, R. W.; Chandler, J. F.; and Phillips, J. D. “POINTS Mission Studies: Lessons for SIM.” In Planets Beyond the Solar System and the Next Generation of Space Missions, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 119, ed. D. R. Soderblom, p. 191. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Reasenberg, R. D.; Babcock, R. W.; Murison, M. A.; Noecker, M. C.; Phillips, J. D.; Schumaker, B. L.; Ulvestad, J. S.; McKinley, W.; Zielinski, R. J.; and Lillie, C. F “POINTS: High Astrometric Capacity at Modest Cost via Focused Design.” In Space Telescopes and Instrumentation IV. SPIE Proceedings, vol. 2807, eds. P. Y. Bely and J. B. Breckinridge, p 32. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1996. Reid, M. J., and Menten, K. M. “Radio Photospheres of Long Period Variable Stars.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 327. Rioja, M. J.; Marcaide, J. M.; Elosegui, P.; and Shapiro, I. I. “Results from a Decade-Long VLBI Astrometric Monitoring of the Pair of Quasars 1038+528 A and B.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 325 (1997): 383. Rodriguez-Pascual, P. M.; Alloin, D.; Clavel, J.; Crenshaw, D. M.; Horne, K.; Kriss, G. A.; Krolik, J. H.; Malkan, M. A.; Netzer, H.; O’Brien, P. T.; Peterson, B. N.; Reichert, G. A.; Wamsteker, W.; Alexander, T.; Barr, P.; Blandford, R. D.; Bregman, J. N.; Carone, T. E.; Clements, S.; Courvoisier, T.-J.; De Robertis, M. M.; Dietrich, M.; Dotrori, H.; Edelson, R. A.; Filippenko, A. V.; Gaskell, C. M.; Huchra, J. P.; Hutchings, J. B.; Kollatschny, W.; Koratkar, A. P.; Korista, K. T.; Laor, A.; MacAlpine, G. M.; Martin, P. G.; Maoz, D.; McCollum, B.; Morris, S. L.; Perola, G. C.; Pogge, R. W.; Prak, R. L.; Recondo-Gonzalez, M. C.; Rodrigues- Espinoza, J. M.; Rokaki, E. L.; Santos-Lleo, M.; Sekiguchi, K.; Shull, J. M.; Snijders, M. A. J.; Sparke, L. S.; Stirpe, G. M.; Stoner, R. E.; Sun, W.-H.; Wagner, S. J.; Wanders, I.; Wilkes, B. J.; Winge, C.; and Zheng, W. “Steps Toward Determination of the Size and Structure of the Broad-Line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei. IX. Ultraviolet Observations of Fairall 9.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 110 (1997): 9. Ros, E.; Marcaide, J. M.; Guirado, J. C.; Krichbaum, T. P.; Preston, R. A.; Ratner, M. I.; Shapiro, I. 1.; and Witzel, A. “High Precision Astrometry over Large Angular Scales with Closure Constraints: The Triplet 803+784/1928+73825592007+777.” Vistas in Astronomy 41 (1997): 207. 216 Rosenthal, E. D.; Gurwell, M. A.; and Ho, P. T. P. “Efficient Detection of Grown Dwarfs Using Methane-Band Imaging.” Nature 384 (1996): 243. Rovero, A. C.; Buckley, J. H.; Fleury, P.; Jiang, Y.; Pare, E.; Sarazin, X.; Urban, M.; Vacanti, G.; and Weekes, T. C. “Absolute Calibration of the Whipple Atmospheric Cerenkov Telescope.” Astroparticle Physics 5 (1996): 27. Riiedi, I.; Solanki, S. K.; Mathys, G.; and Saar, S. H. “Magnetic Field Measurements in Moderately Active Cool Dwarfs.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 318 (1997): 429. Ruiz, M.; Peldez, J.; and Lorenzini, E. “Stability of the Pendular Motion of a Tethered System in Elliptical Orbit.” Advances in the Astronautical Sciences, Spaceflight Mechanics 93 (1996): 1553- Saar, S. H. “Recent Measurements of Stellar Magnetic Fields.” In Magnetodynamic Phenomena in the Solar Atmosphere—Prototypes of Stellar Magnetic Activity, Proceedings of IAU Colloquium No. 153, eds. Y. Uchida, T. Kosugi, and H. S. Hudson, p. 367. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996; also in Stellar Surface Structure, Proceedings of LAU Symposium No. 176, eds. K. Strassmeier and J. L. Linsky, p. 237. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996. Saar, S. H., and Donahue, R. A. “Activity Related Radial Velocity Variation in Cool Stars.” Astrophysical Journal 485 (1997): 319. Saar, S. H., and Osten, R. A. “Rotation, Turbulence, and Evidence for Magnetic Fields in Southern Dwarfs.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 284 (1997): 803. Sanmartin, J. R., and Estes, R. D. “Alfven Wave Far Field from Steady-Current Tethers.” Journal of Geophysical Research 102(A7) (1997): 14625. Sansom, A. E.; Dorani, T.; Okada, K.; Yamashita, A.; and Fabbiano, G. “ASCA Observations of ’The Antennae’.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 281 (1996): 48. Santiago, B.; Strauss, M.; Lahav, O.; Davis, M.; Dressler, A.; and Huchra, J. “The Optical Redshift Survey II: Derivation of the Luminosity and Diameter Function and the Density Field.” Astrophysical Journal 461 (1996): 38. Sarazin, C. L., and McNamara, B. R. “ROSAT X-Ray Observations of the Cooling Flow Cluster A2597.” Astrophysical Journal 480 (1997): 203. Sari, R.; Narayan, R.; and Piran, T. “Cooling Time Scales and Temporal Structure of Gamma Ray Bursts.” Astrophysical Journal 473 (1996): 204. Satyapal, S.; Watson, D. M.; Pipher, J. L.; Forrest, W. J.; Greenhouse, M. A.; Smith, H. A.; Fischer, J.; and Woodward, C. E. “The Intrinsic Properties of the Stellar Clusters in the M82 Starburst Complex: Propagating Star Formation?” Astrophysical Journal 483 (1997): 148. Schachter, J.; Remillard, R.; Saar, S. H.; Favata, F.; Sciortino, S.; and Barbera, M. “Characteristics of New Stellar X-Ray Detections in the Einstein Slew Survey.” Astrophysical Journal 463 (1996): 747. Schartel, N.; Green, P. J.; Fink, H.; Brinkmann, W.; Triimper, J.; Anderson, S. F; Margon, B.; Hewett, P. C.; and Foltz, C. B. “ROSAT Soft X-Ray Properties of the Large Bright Quasar Survey: Modelling of Stacked X-Ray Spectra.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomscal Society 283 (1996): 1015. Schechter, P. L.; Bailyn, C. D.; Barr, R.; Barvainis, R.; Bernstein, G. M.; Blakeslee, J. P, Bus, S. J.; Dressler, A.; Falco, E. E.; Fesen, R. A.; Fischer, P.; Gebhardr, K.; Harmer, D.; Hewitt, J. N.; Hjorth, J.; Hurt, T.; Jaunsen, A. O.; Mateo, M.; Mehlert, D.; Richstone, D. O.; Sparke, L. S.; Thorstensen, J. R.; Tonry, J. L.; Wegner, G.; Willmarth, D. W.; and Worthey, G. “The Quadruple Gravitational Lens PGi115+080: Time Delays and Models.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 475 (1997): L85. Schild, R. E. “Microlensing Variability of the Gravitationally Lensed Quasar Qo0957+561 A, B.” Astrophysical Journal 464 (1996): 125. Schild, R. E., and Thomson, D. J. “The Qo957+561 Time Delay from Optical Data.” Astronomical Journal 113 (1996): 130. Schlegel, E. M.; Barrett, P.; and Singh, K. P. “A ROSAT PSPC Study of NGC 55.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1997): 1296. Schmieder, B.; Demoulin, P.; Aulanier, G.; and Golub, L. “Differential Magnetic Field Shear in an Active Region.” Astrophysical Journal 467 (1996): 881. Schneider, S.; Huchra, J.; Jarrett, T.; and Chester, T. “2MASS Extragalactic Studies: Early Results from the Prototype Camera.” In The Impact of Large-Scale Near-IR Sky Surveys, eds. F. Garzon et a/., p. 187. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. Schrijver, C. J.; Title, A. M.; van Ballegooijen, A. A.; Hagenaar, H. J.; and Shine, R. A. “Sustaining the Quiet Photospheric Network: The Balance of Flux Emergence, Fragmentation, Merging, and Cancellation.” Astrophysical Journal 487 (1997): 424. Schulman, E.; French, J. C.; Powell, A. L.; Eichhorn, G.; Kurtz, M. J.; and Murray, S. S. “Trends in Astronomical Publication Between 1975 and 1996.” Publication of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 109 (1997): 1278. Schulman, E.; French, J. C.; Powell, A. L.; Murray, S. S.; Eichhorn, G.; and Kurtz, N. J. “The Sociology of Astronomical Publication Using ADS and ADAMS.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems VI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 361. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Seward, FE. D.; Kearns, K. E.; and Rhode, K. L. “ROSAT Observations of Two Southern Supernova Remnants.” Astrophysical Journal 471 (1996): 887. Sharma, R. D.; Dothe, H.; van Esse, EF; Kharchenko, V. A.; Sun, Y.; and Dalgarno, A. “Production of Vibrationally and Rotationally Excited NO in the Nighttime Terrestrial Thermosphere.” Journal of Geophysical Research 101 (1996): 19707. Shields, J. C.; Hamann, EF; Foltz, C. B.; and Chaffee, FE H. “Emission-Line Properties of z 2 4 QSOs.” In Emission Lines in Active Galaxies: New Methods and Techniques, vol. 113, eds. B. M. Peterson, F.-Z. Cheng, and A. S. Wilson, p. 118. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Shore, S. N.; Kenyon, S. J.; Starrfield, S.; and Sonneborn, G. “On the Interpretation of the Ultraviolet Spectra of Symbiotic Stars and Recurrent Novae. I. The 1985 Outburst of RS Ophiuchi.” Astrophysical Journal 456 (1996): 717. Shulman, E.; French, J. C.; Powell, A. L.; Eichhorn, G.; Kurtz, M. J.; and Murray, S. S. “Trends in Astronomical Publication Between 1975 and 1996.” Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 109 (1997): 1278. Shulman, E.; French, J. C.; Powell, A. L.; Murray, S. S.; Eichhorn, G.; and Kurtz, M. J. “The Sociology of Astronomical Publication Using ADS and ADAMS.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V1, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 361. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Siemiginowska, A., and Elvis, M. “Deriving the Quasar Luminosity Function from Accretion Disk Instabilities.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 482 (1997): Lo. Silberman, N.; Harding, P.; Madore, B.; Kennicutt, R.; Saha, A.; Stetson, P.; Freedman, W.; Mould, J.; Graham, J.; Hill, R.; Turner, A.; Bresolin, F.; Ferrarese, L.; Ford, H.; Hoessel, J.; Han, M.; Huchra, J.; Hughes, S.; Illingworth, G.; Phelps, R.; and Sakai, S. “The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project on the Extragalactic Distance Scale VI. The Cepheids in NGC925.” Astrophysical Journal 470 (1996): I. Silverman, J. D.; Kearns, K.; and Harris, D. E. “A Reexamination of the UV Leak’ of the High Resolution Imager on ROSAT.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 101, eds. G. H. Jacoby and J. Barnes, p. 120. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Skinner, C. J.; Meixner, M.; Barlow, M. J.; Collison, A. J.; Justtanont, K.; Blanco, P.; Pi, R.; Ball, J. R.; Keto, E.; Arens, J. F; and Jernigan, J. G. “The Remarkable Asymmetric Outflow from the Cygnus Egg Nebula.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 328 (197): 290. Skrutskie, M. F.; Schneider, S. E.; Stiening, R.; Strom, S. E.; Weinberg, M. D.; Beichman, C.; Chester, T.; Cutri, R.; Lonsdale, C.; Elias, J.; Elston, R.; Capps, R.; Carpenter, J.; Huchra, J.; Liebert, J.; Monet, D.; Price, S.; and Seitzer, P. “The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS): Overview and Status.” In The Impact of Large Scale Near-IR Sky Surveys, eds. EF. Garzon et al., p. 187. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishing Company, 1997. Slane, P.; Seward, FE. D.; Bandiera, R.; Torii, K.; and Tsunem1, H. “Nonthermal X-Ray Emission from CTA 1.” Astrophysical Journal 485 (1997): 221. Soderblom, D. R.; Henry, T. J.; Shetrone, M. S.; Jones, B. F.; and Saar, S. H. “The Age-Related Properties of the HD 98800 System.” Astrophysical Journal 460 (1996): 984. 217 Soon, W. “Chaos in the Sun: Is Solar Cycle Understandable? How Can Watching Stars Help?” In Chaos et Fractales dans l’ Activité Solaire, ed. J. P. Rozelot, p. 110. Paris, France: Centre Nationale de Recherches Spatiale, 1996. Soon, W. H.; Posmentier, E. S.; and Baliunas, S. L. “Inference of Solar Irradiance Variability from Terrestrial Temperature Changes, 1880-1993: An Astrophysical Application of the Sun-Climate Connection.” Astrophysical Journal 472 (1996): 891. Srinivasan, R.; Buckley, J. H.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. E; Colombo, E.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, F.; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; McEnery, J.; Moriarty, P.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A.; Rose, H. J.; Sembroski, G.; Weekes, T. C.; and Wilson, C. L. “Very High Energy Observations of PSR Big51+32.” In Proceedings of the 25th International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), vol, 3, eds. M. S. Porgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p- 205. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. Stancil, P. C., and Dalgarno, A. “Stimulated Radiative Association of Li and H in the Early Universe.” Astrophysical Journal 479 (1997): 543- Stancil, P. C.; Kirby, K.; Sannigrahi, A. B.; Buenker, R. J.; Hirsch, G.; and Gu, J.-P. “Photodissociation of SiH” in Interstellar Clouds and Stellar Atmospheres.” Astrophysical Journal 486 (1997): 574. Stanek, K. Z.; Udalski, A.; Szymanski, M.; Kaluzny, J.; Kubiak, M.; Mateo, M.; and Krzeminski, W. “Modeling the Galactic Bar Using Red Clump Giants.” Astrophysical Journal 477 (1997): 163. Stark, A. A.; Bolatto, A. D.; Chamberlin, R. A.; Lane, A. P.; Bania, T. M.; Jackson, J. J.; and Lo, K.-Y. “First Detection of 492 GHz [CI] Emission from the Large Magellanic Cloud.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 480 (1997): Ls59. Stauffer, J.; Balachandran, S.; Krishnamurthi, A.; Pinsonneault, M.; Terndrup, D.; and Stern, R. “Rotational Velocities and Chromospheric Activity of M Dwarfs in the Hyades.” Astrophysical Journal 475 (1997): 604. Stauffer, J. R.; Harcmann, L.; Prosser, C. F.; Randich, S.; Balachandran, S; Patten, B. M.; Simon, T.; and Giampapa, M. “Rotational Velocities and Chromospheric/Coronal Activity of Low Mass Stars in the Young Open Clusters IC2391 and IC2602.” Astrophysical Journal 479 (1997): 776. Steel, D. I., and Marsden, B. G. “Astrometry of Near-Earth Objects Using Small Telescopes.” Earth, Moon and Planets 74 (1996): 85. Stefanik, R. “What Is a Planet?” Odyssey November (1996): 18. Stefanik, R. P.; Caruso, J. R.; Torres, G.; Jha, S.; and Latham, D. W. “The Membership of Upgren One.” Baltic Astronomy 6 (1997): 137- Stefanik, R.; Torres, G.; Caruso, J.; and Davis, R. “SS Lacertae.” IAU Circular No. 6433 (1996). Stepanian, J. A.; Chavushian, V. H.; Chaffee, FE. H.; Foltz, C. B.; and Green, R. F. “SBS 1425+606: A Bright High-Redshift QSO.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 309 (1996): 702. 218 Sternberg, A.; Yan, M.; and Dalgarno, A. “Photon-Dominated and X-Ray Dominated Regions.” In Molecules in Astrophysics: Probes and Processes, Proceedings of LAU Symposium No. 178 ed. E. F. van Dishoeck, p. 141. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. Stoner, R. E.; Rosenberrry, M. A.; Wright, J. T.; Chupp, T. E.; Oteiza, E. R.; and Walsworth, R. L. “Demonstration of a Two Species Noble Gas Maser.” Physical Review Letters 77 (1996): 3971. Sugars, B. J. A., and Evans, N. R. “Z Lac: Orbital Circularization in Supergiants.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 1670. Tananbaum, H.; Tucker, W.; Prestwich, A.; and Remillard, R. “The Unusual Galaxy J2310-43: An Active Nucleus Without Optical Emission Lines and Without a Substantial Optical Continuum.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 83. Theurer, J.; Ulmschneider, P.; and Kalkofen, W. “Acoustic Wave Propagation in the Solar Atmosphere. V. Observations versus Simulations.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 325 (1997): 717. Timmermans, E., and Tommasini, P. “Variational Thomas-Fermi Theory of a Nonuniform Bose Condensate at Zero Temperature.” Physical Review A 55(5) (1997): 3645. Tiné, S.; Lepp, S.; Gredel, R.; and Dalgarno, A. “Infrared Response of H; to X-Rays in Dense Clouds.” Astrophysical Journal 481 (1997): 282. Torres, G. “Astronomers Discover Planet in Constellation Pegasus; Previously Undiscovered Planet 51 Peg B Orbits and Sun-Like Star.” Bioastronomy News 8(1) (1996): I. Torres, G., Stefanik, R. P.; and Latham, D. W. “The Hyades Binary 51 Tauri: Spectroscopic Detection of the Primary, the Distance to the Cluster, and the Mass-Luminosity Relation.” Astrophysical Journal 474 (1997): 256. . “The Hyades Binary Finsen 342 (70 Tauri): A Double-Lined Spectroscopic Orbit, The Distance to the Cluster, and The Mass-Luminosity Relation.” Astrophysical Journal 479 (1997): 268. . “The Hyades Binaries * Tauri and * Tauri: The Distance to the Cluster and the Mass-Luminosity Relation.” Astrophysical Journal 485 (1997): 167. Travers, M. J.; Chen, W.; Novick, S. E.; Vrtilek, J. M.; Gottlieb, A.; and Thaddeus, P. “Structure of the Cumulene Carbene Butatrienylidene: H_CCCC.” Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 180 (1996): 75. Travers, M. J.; McCarthy, M. C.; Gottlieb, C. A.; and Thaddeus, P. “Laboratory Detection of the Ring-Chain Molecule C;H.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 483 (1997): L135. Travers, M. J.; McCarthy, M. C.; Kalmus, P.; Gottlieb, C. A.; and Thaddeus, P. “Laboratory Detection of HC,;N.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 472 (1996): L6t. Trinchieri, G.; Fabbiano, G.; and Kim, D.-W. “ROSAT PSPC Observations of 5 X-Ray Bright Early Type Galaxies.” Astronomy and Astrophysics 318 (1997): 361. Troland, T. H.; Crutcher, R. M.; Goodman, A. A.; Heiles, C.; Kazés, I.; and Myers, P. C. “The Magnetic Field in the Ophiuchus and Taurus Molecular Clouds.” Astrophysical Journal 471 (1996): 302. Trotter, A. S.; Moran, J. M.; Greenhill, L. J.; Zheng, X.-W.; and Gwinn, C. R. “VLBA Imaging of Extragalactic OH Masers in WZw35.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 485 (1997): L79. Tseng, C. H.; Peled, S.; Nascimben, L.; Oteiza, E.; Walsworth, R. L.; and Jolesz, F A. “NMR of Laser-Polarized ‘Xe in Blood Foam.” Journal of Magnetic Resonance 126 (1997): 79. Tsiang, E. Y.; Edgar, R. J.; Vitek, S.; and Tennant, A. “Spectral Fitting in AXAF Calibration Detectors.” In Grazing Incidence and Multilayer X-Ray Optical Systems, SPIE Proceedings. vol. 3113, eds. R. B. Hoover and A. B. Walker, II, p. 132. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997. Tucker, W., and David, L. P. “A Feedback Model for Radio Sources Fueled by Cooling Flows.” Astrophysical Journal 484 (1997): 602. Udalski, A.; Olech, A.; Szymanski, M.; Kaluzny, J.; Kubiak, M.; Mateo, M.; Krzeminski, W.; and Stanek, K. Z. “The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. The Catalog of Periodic Variable Stars in the Galactic Bulge. V. Periodic Variables in Fields: MMs5-A, MMs5-B, MM7-A and MM7-B.” Acta Astronomica 47 (1997): I. Uitenbroek, H. “The Solar Mg II h and k Lines — Observations and Radiative Transfer Modeling.” Solar Physics 172 (1997): 109. Urry, C. M.; Sambruna, R. M.; Worrall, D. M.; Kollgaard, R. I.; Feigelson, E. D.; Perlman, E. S.; and Stocke, J. T. “Soft X-Ray Properties of a Complete Sample of Radio-Selected BL Lacertae Objects.” Astrophysical Journal 463 (1996): 424. Van Belle, G. T.; Dyck, H. M.; Benson, J. A.; and Lacasse, M. G. “Angular Size Measurements of 18 Mira Variable Stars at 2.2 microns.” Astronomical Journal 112 (1996): 2147. Van Speybroeck, L. P.; Jerius, D.; Edgar, R. J.; Gaetz, T. J.; and Zhao, P. “Performance Expectation Versus Reality.” In Grazing Incidence and Multilayer X-Ray Optical Systems, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 3113, eds. R. B. Hoover and A. B. Walker, Ul, p. 89. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997. Van Stone, D.; Conroy, M.; and McDowell, J. “The ASC Scientific Data Model and Irs DDF Implementation.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems V, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 101, eds. G. H. Jacoby and J. Barnes, p. 199. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Verdes-Montenegro, L., and Ho, P. T. P. “The Molecular Core Associated with HH25—26 Region: Contraction or Expansion.” Astrophysical Journal 473 (1996): 929. Vessot, R. F.C. “Applications of Highly Stable Clocks in Space.” In Proceedings of the 11th European Frequency and Time Forum, p.290. Neuchatel, Switzerland: University of Neuchatel, 1997. . “Applications of Highly Stable Oscillators to Scientific Measurements.” In Time and Frequency Measurement, eds. C. Hackman and D. B. Sullivan, p. 33 (from Proceedings of IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurements 79(7) (1991): 1040). College Park, Maryland: American Association of Physics Teachers, 1997. Vessot, R. F.C., and Mattison, E. M. “High Precision Frequency and Time Transfer in Space.” In Proceedings of the uth European Frequency and Time Forum, p. 639. Neuchatel, Switzerland: University of Neuchatel, 1997. Vestergaard, M.; Wilkes, B. J.; and Barthel, P. D. “Are Radio-Loud Quasars Rebellious Or Are Radio-Quiets Just Plain Untalented?” In Emission Lines in Active Galaxies: New Methods and Techniques, Proceedings of [AU Colloquium No. 159. eds. B. M. Peterson, F-Z. Cheng, and A. S. Wilson, p. 256. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Vikhlinin, A.; Forman, W.; and Jones, C. “Another Collision for the Coma Cluster.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 474 (1997): L7; also in Réntgenstrahlung from the Universe, Max Planck Institute Report 263 Conference Proceedings, eds. H. U. Zimmerman, J. E. Triimper, and R. H. Yorke, p. 619. Munich, Germany: Max Planck Insticute for Extraterrestrial Physics, 1996. Vrtilek, S. D., and Cheng, F. H. “Accretion Disk Dynamics of Hercules X-1.” In Cataclysmic Variables and Related Objects. eds. A. Evans and J. Wood, p. 377. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996. . “The UV/Optical Continuum of Her X-1/HZ Her.” Astrophysical Journal 465 (1996): 915. Vrtilek, S. D.; Silber, A.; Primini, F A.; and Raymond, J. C. “ROSAT PSPC Observations of the Intermediate Polar TV Columbae.” Astrophysical Journal 465 (1996): 951. Walsworth, R. L., and You, L. “Selective Creation of Quasi-Particles in Trapped Bose Condensates.” Physical Review A 56 (1997): 555. Wargelin, B. J.; Kellogg, E. M.; McDermott, W. C.; Evans, I. N.; and Vitek, S. A. “AX AF Calibration: The HXDS Flow Proportional Counters.” In Grazing Incidence and Multilayer X-Ray Optical Systems, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 3113, eds. R. B. Hoover and A. B. Walker, II; p. 526. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997. Weekes, T. C. “Astronomy at the Extreme; Gamma Rays from the Ground.” Zenit 9 (1996): 387. . “TeV Gamma Rays from Galactic Sources.” In Volcano Workshop 1996: Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and Particle Physics, Conference Proceedings, vol. 57, eds. F. Giovanelli and G. Mannocchi, p. 231. Bologna, Italy: Italian Physical Society, 1997. Weekes, T. C. “VERITAS: the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System.” In Proceedings of XXXII Rencontres de Mortond, eds. Y. Giraud-Heraud and J. Tran Thanh Van, p. 161. Gif-sur-Yvette, France: Editions Frontiéres, 1997. Weekes, T. C.; Akerlof, C.; Biller, S.; Breslin, A. C.; Catanese, M.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Cawley, M. F.; Dingus, B.; Fazio, 219 G. G.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J.; Fishman, G.; Gaidos, J.; Gillanders, G. H.; Gorham, P.; Grindlay, J. E.; Hillas, A. M.; Huchra, J.; Kaaret, P.; Kertzman, M.; Kieda, D.,; Krennrich, FE; Lamb, R. C.; Lang, M. J.; Marscher, A. P.; Marz, S.; McKay, T.; Muller, D.; Ong, R.; Purcell, W.; Rose, H. J.; Sembroski, G.; Seward, F. D.; Slane, P.; Swordy, S.; Tamer, T.; Ulmer, M.; Urban, M.; and Wilkes, B. “VERITAS: The Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System.” In Proceedings of the 25th International Cosmic Ray Conference (Durban, South Africa), eds. M. S. Porgieter, C. Raubenheimer, and D. J. van der Walt, p. 173. Transvaal, South Africa: Potchefstroom University, 1997. Weekes, T. C.; Akerlof, C.; Biller, S.; Bussons, J.; Buckley, J. H.; Caranese, M.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Cawley, M. F; Connaughton, V.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J.; Gaidos, J.; Hillas, A. M.; Lamb, R. C.; Krennrich, F; Lessard, R.; McEnery, J.; Meyer, D. I.; Mohanty, G.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A.; Rose, H. J.; Schubnell, M. S.; Sembroski, G.; Wilson, C.; and Zweerink, J. “Observations of Gamma-Ray Sources with E 300 GeV.” In Proceedings of the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory Symposium, Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 120 (1996): 603. Weekes, T. C.; Biller, S.; Buckley, J. H.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. F.; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hillas, A. M.; Lamb, R. C.,; Lessard, R.; McEnery, J. E.; Mohanty, G.; Porter, N. A.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Sembroski, G. H.; Srinivasan, R.; and Zweerink, J. “TeV Gamma Rays from Active Galactic Nuclei.” In Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays: Astrophysics and Future Observations, Proceedings of International Symposium, ed. M. Nagano, p. 160. Tanashi, Japan: University of Tokyo, 1996. Weekes, T. C.; Boyle, P. J.; Buckley, J. H.; Burdett, A. M.; Bussons Gordo, X.; Carter-Lewis, D. A.; Catanese, M.; Cawley, M. F; Fegan, D. J.; Finley, J. P.; Gaidos, J. A.; Hillas, A. M.; Krennrich, FE; Lamb, R. C.; Lessard, R.; Masterson, C.; McEnery, J. E.; Mohanty, G.; Quinn, J.; Rodgers, A. J.; Rose, H. J.; Samuelson, F. W.; Sembroski, G. H.; Srinivasan, R.; and Zweerink, J. “Recent Results from the Whipple Gamma-Ray Collaboration.” In Proceedings of XXXII Rencontres de Moriond, eds. Y. Giraud-Heraud and J. Tran Thanh Van, p. 137. Gif-sur-Yvette, France: Editions Frontiéres, 1997. West, R. M., and Marsden, B. G. “IAU Commission 6.” JAU Transactions XXIIIA (1996): 587. West, S. C.; Callahan, S.; Chaffee, F H.; Davison, W.; DeRigne, S.; Fabricant, D.; Foltz, C. B.; Hill, J. M.; Nagel, R. H.; Poyner, A. D.; and Williams, J. T. “Towards First Light for the MMT/6.5-m Telescope.” In Advanced Technology Optical Telescopes VI, SPIE Proceedings, vol. 2871, ed. A. Ardeberg, p. 38. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997. Whitney, B. A.; Kenyon, S. J.; and Gomez, M. “Near-Infrared Imaging Polarimetry of Embedded Young Stars in the 220 Taurus-Auriga Molecular Cloud.” Astrophysical Journal 485 (1997): 703. Wilkes, B. J.; Green, P. J.; Mathur, S.; and McDowell, J. C. “Emission Lines and the Spectral Energy Distributions of Quasars.” In Emzsszon Lines in Active Galaxies: New Methods and Techniques, Proceedings of LAU Colloquium No. 159. eds. B. M. Peterson, F.-Z. Cheng, and A. S. Wilson, p. 126. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Williams, J. P., and McKee, C. F. “The Galactic Distribution of OB Associations in Molecular Clouds.” Astrophysical Journal 476 (1997): 166. Willmer, C. N. A.; Koo, D. C.; Ellman, N.; Kurtz, M. J.; and Szalay, A. S. “A Medium-Deep Redshift Survey of a Minislice at the North Galactic Pole. HW. The Data: Erratum.” Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 107 (1996): 823. Wilner, D. J.; Ho, P. T. P.; and Rodriguez, L. F. “Sub-Arcsecond VLA Observations of HL Tau: Imaging the Circumstellar Disk.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 470 (1996): L117. Winterhalter, D.; Gosling, J. T.; Habbal, $. R.; Kurth, W. S.; and Neugebauer, M. (editors). Solar Wind Eight, Proceedings of the Erghth International Solar Wind Conference, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings 382. “Woodbury, New York: American Institute of Physics, 1996. Wolk, S. J.; Walter, F. M.; and Freyberg, M. “X-Ray Sources and Other PMS Stars Near 6 Orionis.” In Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun: Ninth Cambridge Workshop. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 109, eds. R. Pallavicini and A. K. Dupree, p. 445. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996. Woo, R., and Habbal, S. R. “Extension of Coronal Structure into Interplanetary Space.” Geophysical Research Letters 24 (1997): 59. . “Finest Filamentary Structures of the Inner Corona in the Slow and Fast Solar Wind.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 464 (1997): L139. Wood, J. A. “The Nebular Environment of Chondrite Formation.” In Lunar and Planetary Science XXVIII, p. 1538. Houston, Texas: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1997. Wood, J. A., and Brett, R. “Comment on ’The Rate of Pyrite Decomposition on the Surface of Venus’.” Icarus 128 (1997): 472. Wood, K. “Scattering and Dichroic Extinction: Polarimetric Signatures of Galaxies.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 477 (1997): Las. Wood, K.; Bjorkman, K. S.; and Bjorkman, J. E. “Deriving the Geometry of Be Star Circumstellar Envelopes from Continuum Spectropolarimetry—I. The Case of Tauri.” Astrophysical Journal 477 (1997): 926. Wood, K., and Jones, T. J. “Modeling Polarization Maps of Galaxies.” Astronomical Journal 114 (1997): 1405. Worrall, D. M., and Birkinshaw, M. “ROSAT Results for Radio Galaxies.” In Réntgenstrahlung from the Universe, Max Planck Institute Report 263 Conference Proceedings, eds. H. U. Zimmerman, J. E. Triimper, and R. H. Yorke, p. 531. Munich, Germany: Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, 1996. Yan, M., and Dalgarno, A. “The Molecular Cloud Near the Hard X-Ray Source IE 1740.7-2942.” Astrophysical Journal 481 (1997): 296. Yan, Z.-C.; Babb, J. F.; Dalgarno, A.; and Drake, G. W. F. “Variational Calculations of Dispersion Coefficients for Interactions Between H, He, and Li Atoms.” Physical Review A 54 (1996): 2824. . “Long-Range Interactions of Lithium Atoms.” Physical Review A 55 (1997): 2882. Yeomans, D. K.; Marsden, B. G.; Rickman, H.; Arlor, J.; Wasserman, L. H.; and Carusi, A. “IAU Commission 20.” IAU Transactions XXIIIA (1996): 215. Yi, I, and Kenyon, S. J. “A Laboratory for the Magnetized Accretion Disk Model: Ultraviolet and X-Ray Emission in the Cataclysmic Variable GK Per.” Astrophysical Journal 477 (1997): 379- Yi, I., and Narayan, R. “Lithium Production in Hor Advection-Dominated Accretion Flows in Soft X-Ray Transients.” Astrophysical Journal 486 (1997): 363. Yi, L.; Narayan, R.; Barret, D.; and McClintock, J. E. “Models of Quiescent Black Holes and Neutron Star Soft X-Ray Transients.” Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement 120 (1996): 187. Yoshino, K.; Esmond, J. R.; and Parkinson, W. H. “High-Resolution Absorption Cross Section Measurements of NO, in the UV and Visible Region.” Chemical Physics 221 (1997): 169. Yoshino, K.; Esmond, J. R.; Parkinson, W. H.; Ito, K.; and Matsui, T. “Absorption Cross Section Measurements of Water Vapor in the Wavelength Region 120 nm to 188 nm.” Chemical Physics 211 (1996): 387; also in Chemical Physics 215 (1997): 429. Young, K. “Neutral Carbon in the Protoplanetary Nebulae CRL 618 and CRL 2688.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 488 (1997): L157. Young, K.; Cox, P.; Huggins, P. J.; Forveille, T.; and Bachiller, R. “Neutral Atomic Carbon in the Globules of the Helix.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 482 (1997): L101. Zaccheo, T. S.; Karovska, M.; Cook, J. W.; Howard, R. A.; Brueckner, G. E.; Korendyke, C. M.; and Schwenn, R. “Enhancing the Spatial Resolution of Solar Coronagraph Observations Using Dynamic Imaging.” Astrophysical Journal 471 (1996): 1058. Zacher, R. A.; MacKay, A. H.; McNamara, B. R.; and David, L. P. “The AXAF Science Center Performance Prediction and Calibration Simulator.” In Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems VI, Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, vol. 125, eds. G. Hunt and H. E. Payne, p. 481. San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1997. Zhao, L.; Mulkern, R.; Tseng, C. H.; Williamson, D.; Patz, S.; Kraft, R.; Walsworth, R.L.; Jolesz, F A.;and Albert, M. S. “Gradient Echo Imaging Considerations for Hyperpolarized Xe MR.” Journal of Magnetic Resonance. Series B 113 (1996): 179. Zhao, P., and McClintock, J. E. “A Dynamical Study of the Eclipsing Nova OY Ara.” Astrophysical Journal 483 (1997): 899. Zombeck, M. V.; Barbera, M.; Collura, A.; and Murray, S. S. “An Explanation of the ROSAT High-Resolution Imager Ultraviolet Sensitivity.” Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 487 (1997): L69. Conservation Analytical Laboratory Ballard, Mary W. “Hanging out with Tapestries, Carpets, Quilts: the Effect of Textile Properties on Appearance.” Textile Conservation Group Newsletter 18, no. 3 (March 1996):I—4; reprint, International Tapestry Journal (Fall 1996):20-26. . “IC Conference: A Participant's Viewpoint.” Textzle Conservation Group Newsletter 18, no. 5 (October 1996):8. . “An IPM Checklist for Planning and Implementing Pest Control on Art and Artifact Collections.” American Institute for Conservation News 22, no. 3 (May 1997):3—4; reprint, Art Hazards News 20, no. 3 (1997):4-6. . “More on Moisture: Cohesive, Temporary, or Permanent Set and Hygral Expansion.” Textile Conservation Newsletter no. 32 (Spring 1997):5—20. . “A Tribute to Kathryn Scott.” Textile Conservation Group Newsletter 18, no. 5 (October 1996):9. Ballard, Mary W. and Thomas Parker. “Laws and Licensing: Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA).” American Institute for Conservation News 22, no. 3 (May 1997):5; reprint, Art Hazards News 20, no. 3 (1997):4-6. . “Take Care to Follow Pesticide Regulations.” American Institute for Conservation News 22, no. 3 (May 1997):5- Ballard, Mary W. and Heasoon Rhee. “The Effect of Surfactant Residues on Silk.” In SFT Jubilee Silk Conference. Stockholm, Sweden: September 1997. Becker, Mary A., Y. Magosi, T. Sakai, and Noreen C. Tuross. “Chemical and Physical Properties of Old Silk Fabrics.” Studies in Conservation 42, no. I (1997):27-37. Bishop, Ronald L. and Lambertus van Zelst. “Chemical Characterization of Archaeological Ceramics at the Conservation Analytical Laboratory.” Techne, Vers une science de |’ héritage culturel: quelques exemples de laboratoires étrangers (Paris, Laboratoire de recherche des musées de France) 5 (1997):46—53. Charola, A. Elena, Carol A. Grissom, Evin Erder, Melvin J. Wachowiak, and Douglas Oursler. “Measuring Surface Roughness: Three Techniques.” In Proceedings, 8th 221 International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone, edited by Josef Riederer, pp. 1421-1434. Berlin, Germany:1996. Erhardt, David. “Relative Humidity: Its Role in Collections Maintenance.” The FACTS Report first quarter (1997):1-8. Erhardt, David, Marion F. Mecklenburg, Charles S. Tumosa, and Mark McCormick-Goodhart. “The Determination of Appropriate Museum Environments.” In The Interface Between Science and Conservation. British Museum Occasional Paper no. 116, edited by S. Bradley, pp. 153-163. London: The British Museum, 1997. Fain, S.R., D.W. Von Endt, and P. Edward Hare. “The Relationship Between Preservation Treatment, Nucleic Acid Content, and Amino Acid Racemization in Orter Skin.” In Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections. 12th Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts, p. 14. 1997. Fogel, Marilyn L., Noreen C. Tuross, B.J. Johnson, and G. Miller. “Biogeochemical Record of Ancient Humans.” Organic Geochemistry 27, no. 5—6 (1997):275-287. Goodway, Martha. “Fortepiano Capsules, Old and New.” Harpsichord and Fortepiano 6, no. I (1997):13—-16. . “Metals in Antiquity.” Report of the International Symposium at Harvard, 10-13 September 1997. Society for Archaeological Sciences Bulletin 20, no. 3/4 (July-December 1997):16-18. . “News of Archaeometallurgy.” Soczety for Archaeological Sciences Bulletin 20, no. 1/2 (January-June 1997):9-I0. . “News of Archaeometallurgy.” Soczery for Archaeological Sciences Bulletin 20, no. 3/4 (July-December 1997). . “An Unusual Microstructure in 4-4 Brass.” The Journal of the Historical Metallurgy Soctety 30 (1996):47—49. Goodway, Martha and Yuyan Chen. “The Froslunda Shields: Cymbals or Symbols?” Lborative Arkeolog:, The Journal of Nordic Archaeological Science, University of Stockholm. 9 (1996):49—52. Grissom, Carol A. “La conservation des statues néolithiques d’Ain Ghazal.” In Jordanie sur les pas des archéologues, edited by Eric Delpont, pp. 39-45. Paris: Institut du Monde Arabe, 1997. Hare, P. Edward, David W. von Endr, and J.E. Kokis. “Protein and Amino Acid Diagenesis Dating.” In Chronometric Dating in Archaeology, edited by R.E. Taylor and M.J. Aiken, pp. 261-296. New York: Plenum Press, 1997. Twanaga, K.K., M. Eberle, Connie J. Kolman, E. Bermingham, and D.L. Warkins. “Further Diversification of the HLA-B Locus in Central American Amerindians: New B*39 and B*5r Alleles in the Kuna of Panama.” Tissue Antigens §0 (1997):251-257. Joel, Emile C. “Lead Isotope Analysis.” In Encyclopedia of Near Eastern Archaeology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Joel, Emile C., J.J. Taylor, R.A. Ixer, and Martha Goodway. “Lead Isotope Analysis and the Great Orme Mine.” In 222 Archaeological Sciences 1995. Oxbow Monographs in Archaeology 64, edited by A.G. Sinclair, E.A. Slater and J.AJ. Gowlett, pp. 123-131. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 1997. Klein, S., A. Hauptmann and Pamela B. Vandiver. “Refractory Ceramics from an Iron Age Bronze Melting Workshop at Khirbet edh-Darih, Jordan.” In Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology V. Proceedings, vol. 462, edited by P. Vandiver, J. Druzik, J. Merkel, and J. Stewart, pp. 135-142. Pittsburgh, PA: Materials Research Society, 1997. Koch, Paul L., Noreen C. Tuross, and Marilyn L. Fogel. “The Effect of Sample Treatment and Diagenesis on the Isotopic Integrity of Carbonate in Biogenic Hydroxylapatite.” The Journal of Archaeological Science 24, no. 5 (1997):417—430. Kolman, Connie J. and Eldredge Bermingham. “Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Diversity in the Chocé and Chibcha Amerinds of Panama.” Genetics 147 (1997):1289—1302. McCarthy, Blythe E., Pamela B. Vandiver and J. Kruger. “A Study of the Role of Heterogeneities in the Initial Stages of Corrosion of Glazes Using Dynamic Imaging Microellipsometry (DIM).” In Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology V. Proceedings, vol. 462, edited by P. Vandiver, J. Druzik, J. Merkel, and J. Stewart, pp. 31-38. Pittsburgh, PA: Materials Research Society, 1997. McCormick-Goodhart, Mark H., Charles S. Tumosa, and Marion F. Mecklenburg. “Predicting the Environmental Response of Gelatin Containing Composite Structures.” The Imaging Science Journal 45, no. 3/4 (1997):244-245. Redford, Scott and M. James Blackman. “Luster and Fritware Production and Distribution in Medieval Syria.” Journal of Field Archaeology 24 (1997):233-247.- Soffer, O. and Pamela B. Vandiver. “The Ceramics from Pavlov I—1957 Excavation.” In Pavlov I—Northwest: The Upper Paleolithic Burial and Its Settlement Context, edited by B. Klima, et al., pp. 383-402. Prague: Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Inst. of Archaeology in Brno, Prague, 1997. Srott, A.W., E. Davis, Richard P. Evershed, and Noreen C. Tuross. “Monitoring the Routing of Dietary and Biosynthesised Lipids through Compound-Specific Stable Isotope (Date 13C) Measurements Natural Abundance.” Naturwissenschaften 84 (1997):82—86. Stott, A.W/., Richard P. Evershed, and Noreen C. Tuross. “Compound-Specific Approach to the Delta-13C Analysis of Cholesterol in Fossil Bone.” Organic Geochemistry 26, no. V2 (1997):99-103. Tennison, Heather, Dianne van der Reyden, Fei-wen Tsai, and Mary Parrish. “An ‘Angel Project’ of Dinosaur Proportions.” American Institute for Conservation, Book and Paper Group Annual 15 (1996):145-160. Tsai, Fei-wen. “Disaster Preparedness—Prevention, Response and Recovery Procedures for Water-Based Emergencies: Paper-Based and Magnetic Media Materials.” In On Preservation and Disaster Planning: Symposium on the Conservation and Preservation of Cultural Properties, pp. 10/I-10/11. Organized by Hwa Kang Museum of Chinese Culture University. Sponsored by the Council for Cultural Affairs, Executive Yuan, R.O.C. 1996; In Postprints for the Symposium on the Conservation and Preservation of Cultural Propertzes. 1996 (in English [with Dianne van der Reyden} and Chinese), pp. 462-498. Tsai, Fei-wen and Dianne van der Reyden. “Analysis of Modern Chinese Paper and Treatment of a Chinese Woodblock Print.” The Paper Conservator 21 (1997):43—62. Tumosa, Charles S. “Alfred Lucas, O.B.E.” Mid-Atlantic Association of Forensic Scientists Newsletter 25, no. 3 (1997):28-30. . “19th Century Russian Platinum Medals.” Journal of the Russzan Numismatic Society no. 62 (1997):16—26. . “Species Identification by Hemoglobin Crystals.” Mid-Atlantic Association of Forensic Scientists Newsletter 25, no. 2 (1997):25—27. . Review of Forensic Taphonomy. Mid-Atlantic Association of Forensic Scientists Newsletter 25, no. 4 (1997):30-3I. Tumosa, Charles S. and Marion F. Mecklenburg. “Some Mechanical Properties of Skin.” Mid-Atlantic Association of Forensic Scientists Newsletter 25, no. 1 (1997):18—22. Tuross, Noreen C. “Organic Preservation at Monte Verde.” In Monte Verde. Volume II. edited by T. Dillehay, pp. 73-80. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1997. Vandiver, Pamela B. “Pavlov I Pigments and their Processing.” In Pavlov I—Northwest: The Upper Paleolithic Burial and Its Settlement Context, edited by B. Klima, et al., Pp. 373-382. Prague: Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and Inst. of Archaeology in Brno, Prague, 1997. . Review of KENDRICK, The Jomon of Japan: The Worid’s Oldest Pottery. Journal of Asian Studies 56, no.1 (January 1997):210—211. Vandiver, Pamela B., Anne Bouqulilon-Mossman, Rosemary Scott, and Rose Kerr. “The Technology of Early Chinese Overglaze Enamels from the Chinese Imperial and Popular Kilns.” Techne 6 (1997):25-34. Vandiver, Pamela B. and S. Chia. “The Pottery Technology from Bukit Tengkorak: A 3,000—5,000- Year-Old Site in Borneo, Malaysia.” In Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology V. Proceedings, vol. 462, edited by P. Vandiver, J. Druzik, J. Merkel, and J. Stewart, pp. 269-277. Pittsburgh, PA: Materiais Research Society, 1997. Vandiver, Pamela B., J. Druzik, J, Merkel, and J. Stewart, eds. Materzals Issues in Art and Archaeology V. Proceedings, vol. 462, Fall Meeting Dec. 1996, Pittsburgh, PA: Materials Research Society, 1997. von Endt, David W. and Shaun J. Hardy. “Information Surveys and Conservation Research: The Stability of Fluid Preserved Specimens.” In Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts, p. 13. American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works, 1997. von Endt, David W. and P. Edward Hare. “Spirit Collections: Rates of Change in the Amino Acids of Bone at Elevated Temperatures.” In Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections. 12th Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts, p. 26. 1997. . “Spirit Collections: Rates of Change in the Amounts and Stereo chemistry of the Amino Acids of Hair at Elevated Temperatures.” In Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections, 12th Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts, p. 26. 1997. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Abraham, Jean-Prosper, Benja, Rakitinirina, Randrianasolo, Mady, Ganzhorn, Jorg U., Jeannoda, Vololoniaina and Leigh, Jr., Egbert Giles. “Tree Diversity on Small Plots in Madagascar: A Preliminary Review.” Revue d'Ecologie “La Terre et la Vie” 51:93-116 (1996). Adler, G.H. and Beatty, R.P. “Changing Reproductive Rates in a Neotropical Forest Rodent, Proechimys semispinosus.” The Journal of Animal Ecology 66(4):472—480 (1997). Adler, G.H., Lambert, T.D. “Ecological Correlates of Trap Response of a Neotropical Forest Rodent, Proechimys semispinosus.” Journal of Tropical Biology 13(1):59—68 (1997). Aguilar, Salomon. “Ethnobotanical Value of Plants to the Las Pavas Community.” Inside CTFS Summer:12 (1996). Aiello, Annette. “The Earth Dwellers: Adventures in the Land of Ants, by Erich Hoyt” [Book review]. Library Journal . “The Thermal Warriors: Strategies of Insect Survival, by Bernd Heinrich” [Book review]. Library Journal . “Ticky Point.” Sczence News 152(8):115 (1997). Aiello, Annette and Balcazar L., Manuel A. “The Immature Stages of Oxytenzs modestia, with Comments on the Larvae of Asthenidia and Homoeopteryx (Saturniidae: Oxyteninae).” Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society 51(2):105—118 (1997). Aiello, Annette and Jolivet, Pierre. “Myrmecophily in Keroplatidae (Diptera: Sciaroidea).” Journal of the New York Entomological Society 104(3—4):226—230 (1996). Allen, Gerard R. and Robertson, D. Ross. “An Annotated Checklist of the Fishes of Clipperton Atoll, Tropical Eastern Pacific.” Revista de Biologia Tropical 45:813-843 (1997). Allen, William H. “The Varied Bats of Barro Colorado Island.” BioScience 46(9):639—642 (1996). Anderson, R.S. and Gémez, L.D. “Systenotelus, a Remarkable New Genus of Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Associated with Carludovica (Cyclathaceae) in Costa Rica and Panama.” Revista de BiologYa Tropical 45(2):887-904 (1997). Andrade, José Luis and Nobel, Park S. “Habitat, CO, Uptake and Growth for the CAM Epiphytic Cactus Epiphyllum phyllanthus in a Panamanian Tropical Forest.” Journal of Tropical Ecology 12:291-306 (1996). 223 . “Microhabitats and Water Relations of Epiphytic Cacti and Ferns in a Lowland Neotropical Forest.” Biotropica 29(3):261-270 (1997). Asquith, Nigel M., Wright, S. Joseph and Clauss, Maria J. “Does Mammal Community Composition Control Recruitment in Neotropical Forests? Evidence from Panama.” Ecology 78(3):941-946 (1997). Backwell, P.R.Y. and Passmore, N.I. “Time Constraints and Multiple Choice Criteria in the Sampling Behaviour and Mate Choice of the Fiddler Crab, Uca annulipes.” 1996. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 38(6):407—416 (1996). Baker, A.C., Rowan, R. and Knowlton, Nancy. “Control Ambiental del Polimorfismo Algal en la Simbiosis Alga-Coral.” In:8vo. Simposio Internacional sobre Arvecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24—29 de junio de 1996. Ciudad de Panamd. Panama: (1996). . “Symbiosis Ecology of Two Caribbean Acroporid Corals.” In: Proceedings of the 8h International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:2:1295—1300, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Baker, Andrew and Rowan, Rob. “Diversity of Symbiotic Dinoflagelates (Zooxanthellae) in Scleractinian Corals of the Caribbean and Eastern Pacific.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29. 1996:2:1301-1306, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Barnes, Penelope A.G. “The Role of Nutrition in the Distribution of Chemoautotrophic Bacteria-Lucinid Bivalve Symbioses in Bermuda.” American Zoologist 36(5):403 (1996). Barnes, Penelope A.G. and Morton, B. “The Functional Morphology of Mactrinula reevesii (Bivalvia: Mactroidea) in Hong Kong: Adaptations for a Deposit-Feeding Lifestyle.” Journal of Zoology 241:12-34 (1997). Baron, R.W., Coldwell, D.D., Milton, Katherine. “Antibody Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Response to Alouattamyia baert (Diptera: Cuterebridae) Parasitism of Howler Monkeys, Allouatta palliata, in Panama.” Journal of Medical Entomology 33(6):946—951 (1996). Bermingham, Eldredge, Seutin, Giles, Ricklefs, Robert E. “Regional Approaches to Conservation Biology: RFLPs, DNA Sequence, and Caribbean Birds.” Molecular Genetic Approaches in Conservation 1996:104—124 (1996). Binford, Michael W., Kolata, Alan P., Brenner, Mark, Janusek, John W., Seddon, Matthew T., Abbott, Mark and Curtis, Jason H. “Climate Variation and Rise and Fall of an Andean Civilization.” Quaternary Research 47(2):235-248 (1997). Budd, Ann EF and Jackson, Jeremy B.C. “Dindmica en Comunidades Coralinas Durante 8 Millones de Aftos de Evolucién: Episodios de Estabilidad y de Cambio.” &. Simposio Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panamd, Panamd:29 (1996). Budd, Ann E, Fortunato, Helena, Foster, Jr., C.T. and Petersen, R. “Fdsiles Marinos del Neogeno de América 224 Tropical; Base de Datos Taxonémica para la Internet.” Svo. Simposio Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panama:28 (1996). Cambra, Roberto A. and Quintero A., Diomedes. “A Revision of Protophotopsis Schuster (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae).” Journal of Hymenoptera Research 6(2):263-272 (1997). Capson, T.L., Coley, Phillys D. and Kursar, Thomas A. “A New Paradigm for Drug Discovery in Tropical Forests.” Nature Biotechnology 14:1200—-1201 (1996). CARICOMP {... Guzm4n, Héctor, ...}. “Caribbean Coastal Marine Productivity (CARICOMP): A Research and Monitoring Network of Marine Laboratories, Parks, and Reserves.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium. Panama, June 24-29. 1996:1:641-646, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). CARICOMP {... Guzman, Héctor, ...}. “Studies on Caribbean Coral Bleaching.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24—29, 1996:1:673—678, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Cavelier, Jaime, Jaramillo, M., Solis, D. and De Leén, D. “Water Balance and Nutrient Inputs in Bulk Precipitation in Tropical Montane Cloud Forest in Panama.” Joxrnal of Hydrology 193(1-4):83-96 (1997). Chai, Peng and Dudley, Robert. “Limits to Flight Energetics of Hummingbirds Hovering in Hypodense and Hypoxic Gas Mixtures.” The Journal of Experimental Biology 199:2285-2295 (1996). Chai, Peng, Chen, Johnny S.C. and Dudley, Robert. “Transient Hovering Performance of Hummingbirds Under Conditions of Maximal Loading.” The Journal of Experimental Biology 200:921-929 (1997). Chai, Peng, Harrykisoon, Rakjesh, Dudley, Robert. “Hummingbird Hovering Performance in Hyperoxic Heliox: Effects of Body Mass and Sex.” The Journal of Experimental Biology 199:2745-2755 (1996). Christy, John H. “Deception: the Correct Path to Enlightenment?” Trends in Ecology and Evolution 12:160 (1997). Christy, John H., Goshima, S. and Kreuter, T. “Incidental Mate Choice in the Tropical Fiddler Crab Uca musica.” American Zoologist 36:93A (1996). Clifton, Kenneth E. “Mass Spawning by Green Algae on Coral Reefs” Sczence 275(5303):1116—1118 (1997). . “Patrones Espaciales y Temporales de Desove de Algas Marinas Durante el Alba en Arrecifes de Coral Panamefios.” In: vo. Simposio Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panamd, Panamé:39 (1996). Clifton, Kenneth E. and Robertson, D. Ross. “Efecto del Alimento en las Caracteristicas de Vida Adulta de una Damisela del Caribe.” In: 80. Simposio Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panamd:39 (1996). Clifton, Kenneth E., Kim, K. and Wulff, J.L. “A Field Guide co the reefs of caribbean Panama with an Emphasis on Western San Blas.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama. June 24-29. 1996:1:167—-184, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Coates, Anthony G. “The Forging of Central America.” In: Central America: A Natural and Cultural History:1—37, edited by A.G. Coates. New Haven: Yale University Press (1997). . (editor). Central America: A Natural and Cultural History. New Haven: Yale University Press (1997). Coates, Anthony G. and Carr III, Archie. “Preface.” In: Central America: A Natural and Cultural History: xi-xiv, edited by A.G. Coates. New Haven: Yale University Press (1997). Coffroth, Mary Alice. “Molecular Approaches to the Study of Clonal Organisms: Deciphering the Alphabet Soup.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29. 1996:2:1603-1608, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Cole, J. and Smith, N. “Variabilidad Climatica Reciente en el Atldntico Tropical Occidental: Registros de Corales de Gradientes de SST y la ZCIT.” 8vo. Simposio Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Resiimenes. 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama. Panama:39 (1996). Coley, Phyllis D. and Barone, John A. “Herbivory and Plant Defenses in Tropical Forests.” Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 27:305—335 (1996). Coley, Phyllis D. and Kursar, Thomas A. “Anti-Herbivore Defenses of Young Tropical Leaves: Physiological Constraints and Ecological Tradeoffs.” In: Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology:305—336, edited by Alan P. Smith, Stepehn S. Mulkey and R. Chazdon. New York: Chapman and Hall (1996). . “Causes and Consequences of Epiphyll Colonization.” In: Forest Plant Ecophysiology:337—-362, edited by Alan P. Smith, Stepehn S. Mulkey and R. Chazdon. New York: Chapman and Hall (1996). Colinvaux, Paul A. “An Arid Amazon?” Trends in Ecology and Evolution 12(8):318—319 (1997). . “The Campaign for Biodiversity.” Nature 385 (February):591-592 (1996). . “The History of Forests on the Isthmus from the Ice Age to the Present.” In: Central America: A Natural and Cultural History:123—-136, edited by A.G. Coates. New Haven: Yale University Press (1997). . “The Idea of Biodiversity: Philosophies of Paradise, by D. Takacs [book review}.” Nature 387(6617):591-592 (1997). Colinvaux, Paul A., Bush, Mark B., Sreinitz-Kannan, Miriam and Miller, Michael C. “Glacial and Postglacial Pollen records from the Ecuadorian Andes and Amazon.” Quaternary Research 48:69-78 (1997). Collins, Laurel S., Coates, Anthony G., Berggren, William A., Aubry, Marie-Pierre, and Zhang, Jijun. 1996. “The Late Miocene Panama Isthmian Strait.” Geology 24(8):687—690 (1997). Collinson, P.J. and Hillis, Llewellya. “Algal Populations and Cycles as Integral Facets of Reef Dynamics.” American Zoologist [Abstracts], 37(5):35A (1997). Coma, R. and Lasker, Howard R. “Small-scale Heterogeneity of Fertilization success in a Broadcast Spawning Octocoral.” Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 214(I—2):107—120 (1997). Condit, Richard. “Forest Turnover, Diversity, and CO,.” Trends in Ecology and Evolution 12(7):249—250 (1997). . “Cambios en un Bosque Tropical con un Clima Variable: Resultados de los Censos Realizados en la Parcela de 50 Hectareas en la Isla de Barro Colorado en Panama.” In: Estudios Sobre Diversidad y Ecologia de Plantas: Memorias del II Congreso Ecuatoriano de Botanica Realizado en la Pontificia Universidad Catélica del Ecuador. Quito, 16-20 Octubre 1995:231-240, edited by Renato Valencia and Henrik Balslev. Quito, Ecuador: Pontificia Universidad Catdlica del Ecuador, Universidad de Aarhus, Dinamarca (Proyecto Enreca) and Programa Danés de Investigacion del Medio Ambiente (Proyecto Diva) (1997). . “Defining and Mapping Vegetation Types in Mega-Diverse Tropical Forests.” Trends in Ecology and Evolution 1(1):4—5 (1996). Condit, Richard, Hubbell, Stephen P. and Foster, Robin B. “Assessing the Response of Plant Functional Types to Climatic Change in Tropical Forests.” Journal of Vegetation Science 7:405—416 (1996). Cooke, Richard G.. “Monagrillo, Panama’s First Pottery (3800-1200 cal bc): Summary of Research (1948-1993), with New Interpretations of Chronology, Subsistence and Cultural Geography” In: The Emergence of Pottery: Technology and Innovation in Ancient Societies:169—184, edited by J. Barnett and J. Hoopes. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press (1995). . “The Native Peoples of Central America During Precolumbian and Colonial Times.” In: Central America: A Natural and Cultural History:137-176, edited by A.G. Coates. New Haven: Yale University Press (1997). Cooke, Richard G. and Piperno, Dolores. “Le Peuplement de LAmérique Centrale et de L Amérique du Sud et les Adaptations: Aux Forét Tropicales Avant la Colonisation Européenne.” In: L’Alimentation en Forét Tropicale: Interactions Bioculturelles et Perspectives de Développement:77—-96, edited by C.M. Hladik, A. Hladik, H. Pagezy, O. F Linares, G.J.A. Koppert and A. Froment. Paris: UNESCO (1996). CTES 1996. “The First Forest Dynamics Plot.” Inside CTFS Summer:5 (1996). D’Croz, Luis and Robertson, D. Ross. “Coastal Oceanographic Conditions Affecting Coral Reefs on both Sides of the Isthmus of Panama.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:2:2053-2058, edited by H.A. Lessios and I.G. Macintyre. Panama: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Two Volumes (1997). 225 . “Condiciones Oceanograficas que Afectan los Arrecifes de Coral a Ambos Lados del Istmo de Panama.” In:F 10048vo. Simposio Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Reszimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panamd. Panama: 46 (1996). Dalling, James. “Regeneration of Pioneer Tree Species.” Inside CTFS Summer:1i—12 (1996). Dalling, James W., Swaine, M.D. and Garwood, Nancy C. “Soil Seed Bank Community Dynamics in Seasonally Moist Lowland Tropical Forest, Panama.” Journal of Tropical Biology 13:659—680 (1997). Davies, Neil, Aiello, Annette, Mallet, James, Pomiankowski, Andrew and Silberglied, Robert E. “Speciation in Two Neotropical Butterflies: Extending Haldane’s Rule.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 264:845-851 (1997). Dobson, Andrew. “Why We Need the Fig Wasp.” Time (Special Issue) November:56—57 (1997). Dorr, L.J., Leigh, Egbert G. and Ganzhorn, J.U. “Jean Proper Abraham (1930—-1996).” Taxon 46(2):377-379 (1997). Duke, Norman C., Pinzén, Zuleika S. and Prada, Martha C. “Large-Scale Damage to Mangrove Forests Following Two Large Oil Spills in Panama.” Biotropica 29(1):2-14 (1997). Eberhard, William G., Pereira, F. “Functional Morphology of Male Genitalic Durstyli in the Dungflies Achisepszs diversiformis and A. ecalcarata (Diptera: Sepsidae).” Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 69 (Supp! 4):43—G6o (1996). Ellis, Alexander, Potvin, Catherine. “Global Change and Tropical Forests: Photosynthetic Responses of Trees to Elevated CO,.” Inside CTFS Summer:io (1996). Engman, J. and Hillis, Llewellya. “Relaciones Biogeograficas entre Poblaciones de Halimeda opuntia (Chlorophyta): Evidencia de Secuencias de RDNA.” In:F10048vo. Simposto Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Resuimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panamda:59 (1996). Fangliang, He, Pierre, Legendre and LaFrankie, James V. “Distribution Patterns of Tree Species in a Malaysian Tropical Rain Forest.” Journal of Vegetation Science 8:105—114 (1997). Fincke, Ola M., Yanoviak, Stepeh P. and Hanschu, Richard D. “Predation by Odonates Depresses Mosquito Abundance in Water-Filled Tree Holes in Panama.” Oecologia 112:244-253 (1997). Fjerdingstad, E.J. and Broomsma, J.J. “Variation in Size and Sperm Content of Sexuals in the Leafcutter and Atta colombica.” Insectes Sociaux 44:209—218 (1997). Fortunato, Helena. “Neogene Speciation in (One or Two?) Small Oceans.” In: Sixth North American Paleontological Convention Abstracts of Papers, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., June 9—June 12, 1996:128, edited by John E. Repetski. The Paleontological Society Special Publication No. 8 (1996). Freile, D. and Hillis, Llewellya. “Carbonate Productivity by Halimeda incrassata in a Land Proximal Lagoon, Pico Feo, San Blas, Panama.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:1:767-772, 226 edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Freile, D. and Hillis, Llewellya. “Produccién de Carbonato por Halimeda incrassata en la Laguna de Pico Feo, Provincia de San Blas, Panama. In: 8vo. Simposio Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996. Ciudad de Panamd. Panama:65 (1996). Gilbert, Gregory. “Fungi Associated with Trees on BCI.” Inside CTFS Summer:1I (1996). Glynn, Peter W. and Maté, Juan L. “Field Guide to the Pacific Reefs of Panama.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium. Panama, June 24-29. 1996:1:145-166, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Gémez Raboreaux, Nadilia Nadina. Variacién Foliar de Zamia fairchildiana L.D. Gomez (Zamiaceae) en el Sendero Natural “El Cantar” del Parque Nacional Chagres. Thesis. Panama: Universidad de Panama (1997). Graham, Jeffrey B., Aguilar, Nancy, Dudley, Robert Gans, Carl. “The Late Paleozoic Atmospheric and the Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology of Tetrapods.” In: Ammiote Origins:141-167. Academic Press (1997). Greenberg, Russel and Gradwohl, Judy. “Terricorialiry, Adult Survival, and Dispersal in the Checker-Throated Antwren in Panama.” Journal of Avian Biology 28(2):103—I10 (1997). Greenfield, B.J. and Pandolfi, John M. “Los Efectos del Ambiente de Arrecifes y el Crecimiento de Colonia sobre la Preservacion Potencial de Corales.” In: 8vo. Szmposzo Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panamd:77 (1996). Greenfield, Michael D., Tourtellor, Michael K. and Snedden, W. Andrew. “Precedence Effects and the Evolution of Chorusing.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 264:1355—1361 (1997). Guzman, Héctor. “Derrames de Petréleo y su Efecto en Arrecifes Coralinos: Panama Después de 10 Afios de Recuperacién.” In: 8v0. Simposto Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panamé:79 (1996). Guzman, Héctor M., Jarvis, Kym E. “Vanadium Century Record from Caribbean Reef Corals: A Tracer of Oil Pollution in Panama.” Ambzo 25(8):523-526 (1996). Haberle, S. “Indications of Late Quarternary Climate Change in the Amazon Basin from a Palynological Study of Submarine Fan Sediments.” Abstracts, XIV INQUA Congress, Berlin (1995). Harms, Kyle, Dalling, James W. and Aizprua, Rafael. “Regeneration from Cotyledons in Gustavia superba (Lecythidaceae).” Biotropica 29(2):232—236 (1997). Harms, Kyle E. “The Supply-Side Ecology of the Forest on BCI: A Role for Dispersal Limitation?” Inside CTFS Summer:9 (1996). . Habitat-Specialization and Seed Dispersal-Limitation in a Neotropical Forest. Ph.D. dissertation. New Jersey: Princeton University (1997). Harms, Kyle E. and Dalling, James W. “Damage and Herbivory Tolerance Through Resprouting as an Advantage of Large Seed Size in Tropical Trees and Lianas.” Journal of Tropical Ecology 13:617—621 (1997). Havach, Suzanne M. and Collins, Laurel S. “The Distribution of Recent Benthic Foraminifera Across Habirats of Bocas del Toro, Caribbean Panama.” Journal of Foraminiferal Research 27(3):232-249 (1997). He, FL., Legendre, P. and Lafrankie, James V. “Spatial Pattern of Diversity in a Tropical Rain Forest in Malaysia.” Journal of Biogeography 23(1):57-74 (1996). Heckadon-Moreno, Stanley. “Estudios Botanicos de Henri Pittier en Chiriqui en el Verano de 1911.” “Epocas” Segunda Era Noviembre:2-3 (1996). . “Estudios de Henri Pittier sobre los Guaymies de Chiriquf, 1911.”. “Epocas” Segunda Era Diciembre:8—9 (1996). . “Eugene Eisenman Brandon: Abogado y Estudioso de las Aves de Panama.” “Epocas” Segunda Era, Diciembre:4—5 (1997). . “Exploraciones de Henri Pittier en las Savanas de Chepo y las Selvas de Bayano, 1911. "Epocas" Segunda Eva: Febrero (1997). . “Spanish Rule, Independence, and the Modern Colonization Frontiers.” In: Central America: A Natural and Cultural History:177—-214, edited by A.G. Coates. New Haven: Yale University Press (1997). Hernandez, Andrés de J. “Structure and Composition of A Semi-Deciduous Forest in Panama.” Inside CTFS Summer:7 (1996). Herre, E. Allen. “An Overview of Studies on a Community of Panamanian Figs.” Journal of Biogeography 23:593-607 (1996). . “Factors Affecting the Evolution of Virulence: Nematode Parasites of Fig Wasps as a Case Study.” Parasitology 111: $179-S191 (1996). Herre, E. Allen and West, Stuart A. “Conflict of Interest in a Mutualism: Documenting the elusive Fig Wasp-Seed Trade-Off.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B 264:15O01—1507 (1997). Hillis, Llewellya. “Coralgal Reefs from a Calcareous Gren Alga Perspective, and a First Carbonate Budget.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:1:761-766, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). . “Importancia de las algas Verdes Calcdreas en arrecifes Tropicales.” In:{%o. Simposto Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24—29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad ae Panamd, Panamd:89 (1996). Hladik, Annette, Leigh, Jr., Egbert Giles and Bourliére. “Disponibilités des Ressources Alimentaires dans les Forét Tropicales: Contexte et Donnés Récentes.” In: L’Alimentation en Forét Tropicale: Interactions Bioculturelles et Perspectives de Développement:219—242, edited by C.M. Hladik, A. Hladik, H. Pagezy, O. F. Linares, G.J.A. Koppertoppert and A. Froment. Paris: UNESCO (1996). Hladik, Claude Marcel, Hladik, Annette, Pagezy, Héléne, Linares, Olga F., Koppert, Georgius J.A. and Froment, Alain. “Préface.” In: L’Alimentation en Forét Tropicale: Interactions Bioculturelles et Perspectives de Développelement:5-8, edited by M.C. Hladik, A. Hladik, H. Pagezy, O.F. Linares, G.J.A. Koppert and A. Froment. LHomme et la Biosphére, Paris: UNESCO (1996). - [eds.] 1996. L’Alimentation en Forét Tropicale: Interactions Bioculturelles et Perspectives de Développelement. Volume I: Les Ressources Alimentaires: Production et Consommation. Vol II: Bases Culturelles des Choix Alimentaires et Stratégies de Développement. LHomme et la Biosphére, Paris: UNESCO (1996). Hladik, Claude Marcel, Linares, Olga F., Pagezy, Héléne, Hladik, Annette, Semple, Alison and Fromenr, Alain. “Introduction: Le Contexte Actuel des Recherches sur l'Utilisation des Ressources des Forét Tropicales.” In: L’Alimentation en Forét Tropicale: Interactions Bioculturelles et Perspectives de Développelement:25—40, edited by M.C. Hladik, A. Hladik, H. Pagezy, O.F. Linares, G.J.A. Koppert and A. Froment. LHomme et la Biosphére, Paris: UNESCO (1996). Hoch, G.A., Adler, G.H. “Removal of Black Palm (Astrocarym standleyanum) Seeds by Spiny Rats.” Journal of Tropical Ecology 13(1):51-58 (1997). Hubbell, Stephen P. “A Unified Theory of Biogeography and Relative Species Abundance and its Application to Tropical Rain Forests and Coral Reefs.” In: Proceedings of the 8th Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:1:33-42, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). . “La Conservacion de la Diversidad en los Bosques Tropicales Himedos y en los Arrecifes de Coral.” In: 8vo. Szmposio Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panamd, Panama:93 (1996). . “Niche Assembly, dispersal Limitation, and the Maintenance of Diversity in tropical Tree Communities and Coral Reefs.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International C oral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:1:387-396, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). . “Una Teoria sobre la Inmigracién, Extincién y Abundancia Relativa de Especies en Bosques Tropicales Humedos y en arrecifes de Coral.” In: 8vo. Simposzo Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panamd:93 (1996). Jackson, Jeremy B.C. “Do Differences in Productivity Affect Molluscan Faunas? A Preliminary Test Using Tropical Eastern Pacific Strombinid Gastropods.” In: Sixth North American Paleontological Convention Abstracts of Papers, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., June 9—June 12, 1996:191, edited by John E. Repetski. The Paleontological Society Special Publication No. 8 (1996). 227 . “Los Arrecifes desde Colon.” In: 8&0. Szmposzo Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junto de 1996, Ciudad de Panamd, Panamd:98 (1996). . “Reefs Since Columbus.” Cora/ Reefs 16 (Suppl.): S-23-S32 (1997). . “Reefs Since Columbus.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29. 1996:1:97-106, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Jackson, Jeremy B.C. and D’Croz, Luis. “The Ocean Divided.” In: Central America: A Natural and Cultural History:38-71, edited by A.G. Coates. New Haven: Yale University Press (1997). Jaramillo, César, Rand, A. Stanley, Ibdfiez, Roberto and Dudley, Robert. “Elastic Structures in the Vocalization Apparatus of the Tangara Frog Physalaemus pustulosus (Leptodactylidae).” Joxrnal of Morphology 233:287-295 (1997). Jaramillo, Fidel E., Jaramillo, César A. and Ibdfiez, D., Roberto. “Renacuajo de la Rana de Cristal Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum (Anura: Centrolenidae).” Revista de Biologia Tropical 45(2):867-870 (1997). Jennions, M.D. “The Allometry of Fluctuating Asymmetry in Southern African Plants: Flowers and Leaves.” Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 59(2):127—-142 (1996). Jennions, Michael D. “Female Promiscuity and Genetic Incompatibility.” Trends in Ecology and Evolution 12(7):251-253 (1997). Jones, John. “Plant Remains, Analysis of.” In: The Oxford Companion to Archaeology:569—570, edited by Brian M. Fagan. New York: Oxford University Press (1996). Kalko, Elisabeth V., Herre, E. Allen, and Charles O. Handley. “Relation of Fig Characteristics to Fruit-Eating Bats in the New and Old World Tropics.” Journal of Biogeography 23:565-576 (1996). Kim, K. and Lasker, Howard R. “Flow-Mediated Resource Competition in the Suspension Feeding Gorgonian Plesaura homomalla (Esper).” Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 215(1):49—-64 (1997). King, D.A., Leigh Jr., Egbert Giles, Condit, Richard, Foster, Robin B., Hubbell, Stephen P. “Relationships Between Branch Spacing, Growth Rate and Light in Tropical Forest Saplings.” Functional Ecology 11(5):627—635 (1997). Kite, G.C., Scotfield, A.M., Lees, D.C., Hugues, M., Smith, Neal G. “Alkaloidal Glycosidase Inhibitors and Digestive Glycosidase Inhibition in Specialist and Generalist Herbivores of Omphalea diandra.” Journal of Chemical Ecology 23(1):117—133 (1997). Knowlton, Nancy. “Trench Warfare on the Shore: Interclonal Aggression in Sea Anemones.” Trends in Ecology and Evolution 11(7):271-272 (1996). Krause, G.H. and Winter, Klaus. “Photoinhibition of Photosynthesis in Plants Growing in Natural Tropical Forest Gaps. A Chlorophyll Fluorescence Study.” Botannica Acta 109:456—462 (1996). 228 Lasker, Howard R., and Kapela Jr., W.J. “Heterogeneous Water Flow and its Effects on the Mixing and Transport of _ Gametes.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:2:1109—1114, edited by H.A. Lessios and Jan G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Lefebvre, Giles, Poulin, Brigitce. “Bird Communities in Panamanian Black Mangroves: Potential Effects of Physical and Biotic Factors.” Journal of Tropical Ecology 13(1):97—-113 (1997). Leigh, Jr., Egbert Giles, Rand, A. Stanley and Windsor, Donald M. (eds) The Ecology of a Tropical Forest: Seasonal Rhythms and Long-Term Changes. Second Edition. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press (1996). Leigh, Jr., Egbert Giles. “Epilogue: Research on Barro Colorado Island, 1980-94.” In: The Ecology of a Tropical Forest: Seasonal Rhythms and Long-Term Changes Second Edition:469—503, edited by Leigh, Jr., E. G, Rand, A.S. and Windsor, D.M. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press (1996). . “Les Peuples des Foréts Tropicales Humides et les Problémes de Conservation.” In: L’Alimentation en Forét Tropicale: Interactions Bioculturelles et Perspectives de Développement:1309—132.4, edited by C.M. Hladik, A. Hladik, H. Pagezy, O.F. Linares, G.J.A. Koppertoppert and A. Froment. Paris: UNESCO (1996). . “Preface to the Second Edition.” In: The Ecology of a Tropical Forest: Seasonal Rhythms and Long-Term Changes Second Edition:7-8, edited by Leigh, Jr., E.G, Rand, A.S. and Windsor, D.M. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press (1996). Lessios, Harilaos A. and Macintyre, Ian G. (eds.). Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996. Panama: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Two volumes (1997). Lessios, Harilaos A., Pearse, J.S. “Hybridization and Introgression Between Indo-Pacific Species of Diadema.” Marine Biology 126:715—-723 (1996). Lim, Y.A., Kojima, S., Nakamara, N., Miyashiro, H., Fishimi, H., Komatsu, K., Hattori, M., Shimotohno, K., Gupta, M.P. and Correa, Mireya. “Inhibitory Effects of Cordia Spinences Extracts and Their Constituents on Reserve Transcriptase and Protease from Human Immunodeficiency Virus.” Phytotherapy Research 2:490—495 (1997). Lim, Yasmina A., Chao Mei, Ma, Kusumoto, T., Miyashiro, Hirotsugu and Hattori, Masao, Gupta, Mahabir P. and Correa, Mireya. “HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitory Principles from Chamaesyce hyssopifolia.” Phytotherapy Research 11:22-27 (1997). Linares, Olga F. “Foreword.” In: Central America: A Natural and Cultural History: vii—x, edited by A.G. Coates. New Haven: Yale University Press (1997). . “Les Dimensions Economiques et Symbolique d'un Choix: Vin de Palme ou Huile de Palme.” In: L’Alimentation en Forét Tropicale: Interactions Bioculturelles et Perspectives de Développement:903—921, edited by C.M. Hladik, A. Hladik, H. Pagezy, O. F. Linares, G.J.A. Koppertoppert and A. Froment. Paris: UNESCO (1996). . “Rice Production and the Drought: Jola Communities of Lower Casamance, Senegal.” In: Que/ Avenir pour les Riziculture de l'Afrique l’Ouest?: Theme 1: Les Logiques et les Strategies Autochtones:1-19, edited by A. Cheneau-Loquay and Al Leplaideur. Bordeaux, France: Collogue International (1995). . “The Importance of Peri-Urban Farming and Its Future.” In: Quel Avenir pour les Riziculture de l’Afrique de l'Ouest?: Theme 2: La Confrontation des Logiques dy. “Hau et du Bas” :1—15, edited by A. Cheneau-Loquay and Al Leplaideur. Bordeaux, France: Les Logiques et les Strategies Autochtones, Collogue International (1995). Linares, Olga F., Pagezy, Héléne, and Grenand, Pierre. “Les Stratégies Alimentaires en Forét Tropicale: Contexte et Problématique.” In: L’Alimentation en Forét Tropicale: Interactions Bioculturelles et Perspectives de Développement:647—654, edited by C.M. Hladik, A. Hladik, H. Pagezy, O. F. Linares, G.J.A. Koppertoppert and A. Froment. Paris: UNESCO (1996). Loo de Lao, Suzanne. “Correcting Species Identifications at BCI.” Inside CTFS Summer:14 (1997). . “Management of a Large Database During a Recensus.” Inside CTFS Summer:6 (1996). Lopez, J.V. and Knowlton, Nancy. “Discriminacion de Especies Gemelas de Montastrea Usando Loci Genéticos Miltiples.” In: So. Szmposto Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24—29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panamd, Panama:120 (1996). . “Discrimination of Species in the Montastrea annularis Complex Using Multiple Genetic Loci.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:2:1613-1618, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Lépez, José V., Stephens, J.C., Obrien, S.F. “The Long and Short of Nuclear Mitochondrial DNA (Numr) Lineages.” Trends in Ecology and Evolution 12(3):114 (1997). Losos, Elizabeth C. “Reigning in Uncertainty.” Inszde CTFS Summer:1, I (1997). Lovelock, Catherine E., Kyllo, D. and Winter, Klaus. “Growth Responses to Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Elevated CO, in Seedlings of a Tropical Tree, Beilschmiedia pendula.” Functional Ecology 10:662-667 (1996). . “Elevated CO, Concentrations and Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Influence Photosynthesis and Growth of Rainforest Seedlings.” [Abstract]. In: Xth International Photosynthesis Conference, Montpellier:239 (1995). Lovelock, Catherine E., Osmond, C.B. and Seppelt, R.D. “Photoinhibition in the Antartic Moss Grimmia antarchici Card when Exposed to Cycles of Freezing and Thawing.” Plant, Cell and Environment 18:1395—1402 (1996). Lovelock, Catherine E., Pandolfi, John M., Kursar, Thomas A. and Coley, Phyllys D. “Medicién del Blanqueamiento en Corales con la Fluorecencia de la Clorofila y la Evaluaci6n de la Foroinhibicién de la Fotosintesis en Agaricia tenuifolia Parcialmente Blanqueada y Saludable.” In: 80. Simposto Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panamd, Panamd:120 (1996). Lovelock, Catherine, Jackson, Anne E., Melick, David R. and Seppelt, Rodney D.. “Reversible Photoinhibition in Antarctic Moss During Freezing and Thawing.” Plant Physiology 109:955—-961 (1995). Machado, Carlos A., Herre, E. Allen, McCafferty, Stephen S., and Bermingham, Eldredge. “Molecular Phylogenies of Fig Pollinating and Nonpollinating Wasps and the Implications for the Origin and the Evolution of the Fig-Fig Wasp Mutualism.” Journal of Biogeography 23:531-542 (1996). Mariaux, Jean, Braun, Michael J. “A Molecular Phylogenetic Survey of the Nightjars and Allies (Caprimulgiformes) with Special Emphasis on the Potoos (Nyctibiidae).” Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 6(2):228—244 (1996). Marler, C.A., and Ryan, Michael J. “Energetic Constraints and Steroid Hormone Correlates of Male Calling Behaviour in the Tangara Frog.” Journal of Zoology 240(3):397—409 (1996). Macé, Juan. “Idencificacién Electroforética de Especies de Pocillopora en Panama. Resultados Preliminares.” In: &vo. Simposio Internacional sobre Arvecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama. Panamd:126 (1996). . “Respuesta Experimental de Corales Panamefis a Altas Temperaturas y Nutrientes.” In: Svo. Szmposzo Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panamd:126 (1996). . “Experimental Responses of Panamanian Reef Corals to High Temperature and Nutrients.” In: Proceedings of the &h International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29. 1996:1:515—520, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Mayo Menéndez, Enrique and Correa, A., Mireya D. 1994 {1996}. El Inventario Bioldgico del Canal de Panamd. III. Flora. Namero Especial 3 [Special issue #3], Sczentia (Panama) (1996). McCartney, Michael A. “Sex Allocation and Male Fitness Gain in a Colonial, Hermaphroditic Marine Invertebrate.” Evolution 5(1):127—140 (1997). McKey, Doyle, Linares, Olga F., Clement, Charles R. and Hladik, Claude Marcel. “Resources Alimentaires des Forét Tropicales: Une Mise en Perspective des Tendances Evolutives et de l'Impact du Peuplement Humain.” In: L’Alimentation en Forét Tropicale: Interactions Bioculturelles et Perspectives de Développement:43-54, edited by C.M. Hladik, A. Hladik, H. Pagezy, O.F. Linares, G.J.A. Koppert, and A. Froment. Paris: UNESCO (1996). Meekan M.G. and Choat J.H. “Latitudinal Variation in Abundance of Herbivorous Fishes: a Comparison of Temperate and Tropical Reefs.” Marine Biology 128:373-383 (1997). 229 Meinzer, E.C., Andrade, José L., Goldstein, Guillermo, Holbrook, N.M., Cavelier, Jaime and Jackson, P. “Control of Transpiration from the Upper Canopy of a Tropical Forest: the Role of Stomatal, Boundary Layer and Hydraulic architecture Components.” Plant Cell and Environment 20:1242—1252 (1997). Montenegro C., Eduardo A. Estudio Floristico y de los Usos Populares de las Especies de Plantas del Camino del Mono Titf en el Parque Natural Metropolitano. {Thesis}. Panama: Universidad de Panama (1996). Morgan, S.G., Christy, John H. “Planktivorous Fishes as Selective Agents for Reproductive Synchrony.” Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 209(1-2):89-101 (1997). Morton, Eugene S., Derrickson, Kim C. “Song Ranging by the Dusky Antbird, Cercomatra tyrannina: Ranging Without Song Learning.” Behavioral Ecology and Soctobiology 39:195-201 (1996). Mueller, Ulrich G. “Evolution of Social Insects Colonies: Sex Allocation and Kin Selection, by R.H. Crozier and P. Pamilo” [Book review]. Sczence 274 (§292):1477-1478 (1996). Nash, Madeleine. “Wreckling the Reefs.” Tzme September 30:60—62 (1996). Nason, J.D., Herre, E. Allen, and Hamrick, James L. 1996. “Paternity Analysis of the Breeding Structure of Strangler Fig Populations: Evidence for Substantial Long-Distance Wasp Dispersal.” Journal of Biogeography 23:501-512 (1996). Nee, S. and Knowlton, Nancy. “La Dindmica de Metapoblaciones del Ecosistema de Arrecifes de Coral a lo Largo de Grandes Escalas Espaciales y Temporales.” In: Svo. Simposio Internacional sobre Arvrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24-29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panamd:144 (1996). O’Brien, Sean T. “Allometry of 50 Tree and Shrub Species on BCI.” Inside CT FS Summer 1996:8 (1996). Otero, L. Daniel and Annette Aiello. “Descriptions of the Immature Stages of Adelpha alala (Nymphalidae).” Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society 50(4):329—336 (1996). Pandolfi, John M. and Greenstein, B.J. “Taphonomic Alteration of Reef Corals: Effects of Reef Environment and Coral Growth form I: The Great Barrier Reef.” Palaois 12:27—42 (1997). . “Comparative Taphonomy of Indo-Pacific and Caribbean Reef Corals.” In: VII International Symposium on Fossil Cnidaria and Porifera, Madrid, Spain, 12-15 September (1995). Pandolfi, John M. and Jackson, Jeremy B.C. “The Maintenance of Diversity on Coral Reefs: Examples from the Fossil Record.” In: Proceedings of the &h International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:1:397-404, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panamé, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). . “Ntmero de Miembros de las Especies en Comunidades del Arrecife de Coral.” In: 80. Simposio Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24—29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panamé:152 (1996). 230 Pedro, Silvia R.M. and Camargo, Jodo M.F. “A New Species of Partamona (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Endemic to Eastern Panama and Notes on P. grandipennis.” Revista de Biologia Tropical 45(1):199-208 (1997). Phillips, Steve, Rouse, Glenn E., and Bustin, R. Mark. “Vegetation Zones and Diagnostic Pollen Profiles of a Coastal Peat Swamp, Bocas del Toro, Panama.” Paleogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 128:301-338 (1997). Pinilla R., Meibys A. Tolerancia a la Salinidad de Tres Especies de Erizos de Mar: E. lucunter y E. viridis del Mar Caribe y E. vanbruti del Océano Pacifico (Echinometra: Echinodermata). {[Tesis}. Panama: Universidad de Panama (1996). Pohll, Mary D., Pope, Kevin O., Jones, John G., Jacob, John S. Piperno, Dolores R., deFrance, Susan D., Lentz, David L. Gifford, John A., Danforth, Marie E., Josserand, J. Kathryn. “Early Agriculture in the Maya Lowlands.” Latin American Antiquity 7(4):355-372 (1996). Quintero A., Diomedes and Cambra T., Roberto A. “Horcomutilla Casal: Description of Previously Unknown Males, New Distribution Records, and Comments on the Genus (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae).” Journal of Hymenoptera Research 5:53—-63 (1996). . “Mutilidae of Paraguay.” Sphecos 30(June):11-14 (1996). Ranere, Anthony J. and Cooke, Richard G.. “Evidencias de Ocupaci6n Humana en Panama a Postrimerias del Pleistoceno y a Comienzos del Holoceno.” In: Ambito y Ocupaciones Tempranas de la América Tropical:5—26, edited by I. Cavelier and S. Mora. Santafé de Bogota: Fundacién Erigaie, ICAN (1995). Ricklefs, Robert E. “Comparative Demography of New World Populations of Thrushes (Tzrdus spp.).” Ecological Monographs 67(1):23—43 (1997). Robb-Bevier, Catherine. “Utilization of Energy Substrates During Calling Activity in Tropical Frogs.” Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 41:343-352 (1997). Robertson, D. Ross and Brothers, E.B. “Edad y Crecimiento en Damiselas del Caribe.” In: So. Simposzo Internacional sobre Arrecifes de Coral: Restimenes, 24—29 de junio de 1996, Ciudad de Panama, Panamd:167 (1996). Robles, Gabriel, Correa, Mireya, Ocampo, Rafael (eds.) Situaci6n de los Herbarios de Centroamérica y el Caribe. Turrialba: Centro Agronémico Tropical de Investigacion y Ensefianza: Proyecto Conservacién para el Desarrollo Sostenible en América Central, Informe Técnico No. 280 (1996). Roisin, Ives, Scheffrahn, Krecek, Jan. “Generic Revision of the Smaller Nasute Termites of the Greater Antilles (Isoptera, Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae).” Annals of the Entomological Society of America 89(6):775-787 (1996). Roisin, Ives. “Castes in Huminovorous and Litter-Dwelling Neotropical Nasute Termites (Isoptera, Termitidae).” Insect Sociaux 43:375-389 (1996). Romoleroux, Katya, Foster, Robin, Valencia, Renato, Condit, Richard, Balslev, Henrik, and Losos, Elizabeth. “Arboles y Arbustos (dap 21cm) Encontrados en Dos Hectdreas de un Bosque de la Amazonia Ecuatoriana.” In: Estudios Sobre Diversidad y Ecologia de Plantas: Memorias del II Congreso Ecuatoriano de Botanica Realizado en la Pontificia Universidad Catélica del Ecuador, Quito, 16-20 Octubre 1995:189-215, edited by Renato Valencia and Henrik Balslev. Quito, Ecuador: Pontificia Universidad Catélica del Ecuador, Universidad de Aarhus, Dinamarca (Proyecto Enreca) and Programa Danés de Investigacién del Medio Ambiente (Proyecto Diva) (1997). Roubik, David and Winter, Klaus. “A Study of Flowering and Pollen Characteristics in a Tropical Herb Under Elevated CO, Treatment.” Tropics 6(1/2):149—-152 (1996). Roubik, David W., Lobo Segura, Jorge Arturo and Franco de Camargo, Joao Maria. “New Stingless Bee Genus Endemic to Central American Cloudforests: Phylogenetic and Biogeographic Implications (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini).” Systematic Entomology 22:67—80 (1997). Rowan, R., Knowlton, Nancy, Baker, A. and Jara, J. “Landscape Ecology of algal Symbionts Creates Variation in Episodes of Coral Bleaching.” Nature 388(6639):265-269 (1997). Salazar-Allen, Noris and Chung C., Clementina. “Primera Aproximacién al Catalogo de Bridfitos del Parque Nacional de Coiba (Panamé).” In: Flora y Fauna del Parque Nacional de Corba (Panamd):221-243, edited by Santiago Castroviejo. Madrid: Real Jardin Botdnico (1997). Salazar-Allen, Noris, Arrocha, Clotilde and Morales, Maria Isabel (eds.). Briolatina 41 (1997). Schneider, Jay A.. “Phylogeny of the Cardiidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia): Protocardiinae, Laevicardiinae, Lahiliina, Tulongocardiinae subfam. n. and Pleuriocardiinae subfam. n.” Zoologica Scripta 24(4):321-346 (1995). Seabrook, Charles. “To Clear the Air.” Saturday Reader June 6 (1996). Shulman, M.J. and Robertson, D. Ross. “Changes in the Coral Reefs of San Blas, Caribbean Panama:1983—1990.” Coral Reefs 15:231-236 (1996). Skillman, J.B., Winter, Klaus. “High Photosynthetic Capacity in a Shade-Tolerant Crasulacean Acid Metabolism Plant—Implications for Sunfleck Use, NonPhotochemical Energy Dissipation, and Suscepribility to Photoinhibition.” Plant Physiology 113(2):441—450 (1997). Smith, W. John and Smith, Anne Marie. “Vocal Signalling of the Great Crested Flycatcher, Myzarchus crinitus (Aves, Tyrannidae).” Ethology 102:705—723 (1996). Snell, Heidi M., Snell, Howard L., Davis-Merlen, Gayle, Simkin, Tom and Silberglied, Robert E. Bzbliografia de Galapagos 1535-1995 Galapagos Bibliography. Quito: Fundacién Charles Darwin para las Islas Galapagos (1996). Sturmbauer, C., Levington, J., and Christy, John. “Molecular Phylogeny of Fiddler Crabs: Test of the Hypothesis of Increasing Behavioral Complexity in Evolution.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93:10855—-10857 (1996). Summers, Kyle, Bermingham, Eldredge, Weigt, Lee, Mccafferty, S. “Phenotypic and Genetic Divergence in Three Species of Dart-Poison.” Journal of Heredity 88(1):3-13 (1997). Swain, T.D., Kim, K. and Lasker, Howard R. “Use of Luorescence Microscopy in an Assay of Sperm Density for the Gorgonian Coral, Plexaura kuna.” In: Proceedings of the &th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:2:1341-1344, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). Thiele, Alexandra, Winter, Klaus and Krause, Heinrich. “Photoinhibition of Photosyntesis Related to Xanthophyll Cycle and Di Protein Turnover in Higher Plants.” {Abstract} In: Xth International Photosynthesis Congress:198 (1995). Vallarino, Oscar, Weldon, Paul J. “Reproduction in the Yellow-Bellied Sea Snake (Pelamzis platurus) from Panama: Field and Laboratory Observations.” Zoo Bzology 15(3):309-314 (1996). Velayos, Mauricio, Correa, Mireya, Galdames, Carmen, Castroviejo, Santiago Aratz. “Primera Aproximacion al Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares de la Isla de Coiba (Panamé).” In: Flora y Fauna del Parque Nacional de Coiba (Panamd):2.45-328, edited by Santiago Castroviejo. Madrid: Real Jardin Botanico (1997). Ventocilla, Jorge, Herrera, Heraclio, Ntifiez, Valerio (eds). E/ Esptritu de la Tierra: Plantas y Animales en la Vida del Pueblo Kuna. Catalufia, Espana: Icaria (1997). Wallace, David Rains. “Central American Landscapes.” In: Central America: A Natural and Cultural History:72—-96, edited by A.G. Coates. New Haven: Yale University Press (1997). Weislo, William T. “Invasion of Nests of Lasioglossum imitatum by a Social Parasite, Paralictus asteris (Hymenoptera: Halictidae).” Ethology 103:1-11 (1997). . “Social Interactions and Behavioral Context ina Largely Solitary Bee, Lasioglossum (Diaclictus) figuerest (Hymenoptera, Halictidae).” Imsectes Soczaux 44:199-208 (1997). Wceislo, William T., Engel, Michael S. “Social Behavior and Nest Architecture of Nomiine Bees (Hymenoptera: Halictidae; Nomiinae).” Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 69(4) suppl., 1996:158-167 (1996). West, S.A., Herre, E. Allen, Windsor, Donald M., and Green, P.R.S. “The Ecology and Evolution of the New World Fig Non-Pollinating Wasp Communities.” Jornal of Biogeography 23:447—458 (1996). Wikelski, Martin and Trillmich, Fritz. “Body Size and Sexual Dimorphism in Marine Iguanas Fluctuate as a Result of Opposing Natural and Sexual Selection: An Island Comparison.” Evolution 51(3):922—936 (1997). Wikelski, Martin, Carrillo, Victor and Trillmich, Fritz. “Energy Limits to Body Size in a Grazing Reptile, the Galapagos Marine Iguana.” Ecology 78(7):2204-2217 (1997). Wilcox, Thomas P., Hugg, Lori, Zeh, Jeanne A. and Zeh, David W. “Mitochondrial DNA Sequencing Reveals 231 Extreme Genetic Differentiation in a Cryptic Species Complex of Neotropical Pseudoscorpions.” Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 7(2):208—216 (1997). Wills, Christopher, Condit, Richard, Foster, Robin B. and Hubbell, Stepehn P. “Strong Density- and Diversity-Related Effects Help to Maintain Tree Species Diversity in a Neotropical Forest.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 94(Feb):1252-1257 (1997). Windsor, Donald, and Jolivet, Pierre. “Cycad-Feeding by an Ancient Beetle, Aw/acoscelis in Panama.” Chrysomela 34:5 (1997). . Aspects of the Morphology and Ecology of two Panamanian Ant-Plants, Hoffmannia vesciculifera (Rubiaceae) and Besleria formicaria (Gesneriaceae). Journal of Tropical Ecology 12:835-842 (1996). Wirth, R., Beyschlag, W., Ryel, R.J. and Holldobler, B. “Annual Foraging of the Leaf-Cutting Ant Atta colombica in a Semideciduous Rain Forest in Panama.” Journal of Tropical Ecology 13(Part 5):741-757 (1997). Wolda, Henk, and Chandler, Donald S. “Diversity and Seasonality of Tropical Pselaphidae and Anthicidae (Coleoptera).” Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen 99(3—4):313-333 (1996). Wolda, Henk. “Between-Site Similarity in Species Composition of a Number of Panamanian Insect Groups.” Miscellania Zoologica 19(1):39—50 (1996). Wright, S. Joseph and Colley, Marti Tropical Forest Canopy Programme. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environmental Programme, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Parque Natural Metropolitano, Panama (1996). Wulff, Janie L. “Causes and Consequences of Differences in Sponge Diversity and Abundance Between the Caribbean and Eastrn Pacific of Panama.” In: Proceedings of the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium, Panama, June 24-29, 1996:2:1377-1382, edited by H.A. Lessios and Ian G. Macintyre. Panama, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (1997). . “Mutualism Among Species of Coral Sponges.” Ecology 78(1):146—159 (1997). Zeh, Jeanne A. “Polyandry and Enhanced Reproductive Success in the Harlequin-Beetle-Riding Pseudoscorpion.” Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 40:111—-118 (1997). Zeh, Jeanne A. and Zeh, David W. “Homozygosity, Self-Recognition, and Aggressive Ability in the Sea Anemone, Anthopleura elegantissima.” The American Naturalist 149(4):785—789 (1997). Zohar, Irit and Cooke, Richard. “The Impact of Salting and Drying on Fish Bones: Preliminary Observations on Four Marine Species from Parita Bay, Panama.” Archaeofauna 6:59—66 (1997). Zotz, Gerhard. “Photosynthetic Capacity Increases with Plant Size.” Botanica Acta 110:306—308 (1997). . “Substrate Use of Three Epiphytic Bromeliads.” Zotz, Gerhard, Meyer, A., Zellner, H., and Lange, OL. “Water Relations and CO; Exchange of Tropical 232 Bryophytes in a Lower Montaner Rainforest in Panama.” Botanica Acta 110:9-17 (1997). Zotz, Gerhard, Patifio, Sandra and Tyree, Melvin T. “CO, Gas Exchange and the Occurrence of CAM in Tropical Woody Hemiepiphytes.” Flora 192:143—150 (1997) . “Water Relations and Hydraulic Architecture of Woody Hemiepiphytes.” Journal of Experimental Botany 48:1825—1833 (1997). Zotz, Gerhard, Tyree, Melvin, T., Patifio, Sandra. “Hydraulic Architecture and Water Relations of a Flood-Tolerant Tropical Tree, Annona glabra.” Tree Physiology 17:359-365 (1997). Zotz, Gerhard and Tyree, Melvin T. “Water Stress in the Epiphytic Orchid, Dimerandra emarginata (G. Meyer) Hoehne.” Oecologia 107(2):151-159 (1996). Zotz, Gerhard and Winter, Klaus. “Diurnal Patterns in the Gas Exchange of Rainforest Canopy Plants.” In: Ecophysiology of Tropical Plants:89—113, edited by S.S. Mulkey, R. Chazdon and A.P. Smith. Academic Press (1996). Ecography 20:264-270 (1997). Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Ball, A.S., and Drake, B.G. (1996). Short term decomposition of litter produced by plants grown in ambient and elevated atmospheric CO, concentrations. Global Change Biology 3:29-36. Booth, C.R., Morrow, J.H., Coohill, T.P., Frederick, J.E., Hader, D.-P., Holm-Hansen, O., Jeffrey, W.H., Mitchell, D.L., Neale, P.J., Sobolev, I., van der Leun, J., and Worrest, R.C. (1997). Impacts of Solar UVR on Aquatic Microorganisms. Photochem. Photobiol. 65:252-269. Correll, D.L. (1997). Buffer zones and water quality protection: General principles. Pp. 7-20, Im: N.E. Haycock, T.P. Burt, K.W.T. Goulding, and G. Pinay (eds.), Buffer Zones: Their Processes and Potential in Water Protection. Quest Environmental, Harpenden, UK. (1996). Environmental impact of pasture systems on surface water quality. Pp. 231-243 In: R.E. Joost and C.A. Roberts (eds.), Nutrient Cycling in Forage Systems. University of Missouri Press, Columbia, MO. Correll, D.L., Jordan, T-E., and Weller, D.E. (1997). Failure of agricultural riparian buffers to protect surface waters from groundwater nitrate contamination. Pp. 162-165 In: J. Gibert, J. Mathiew, and F. Fournier (eds.), Groundwater/Surface Water Ecotones: Biological and Hydrological Interactions and Management Options. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge. Correll, D.L., and Weller, D.E. (1997). Nitrogen input-output budgets for forests in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Pp. 431-442 In: J.E. Baker (ed.), Atmospheric Deposztion of Contaminants to the Great Lakes and Coastal Waters. Soc. Environ. Toxicology and Anal. Chem. Press, Pensacola, FL. Cullen, J.J., Ciotti, A.M., and Davis, R.F. (1997). The relationship between near-surface chlorophyll and solar-stimulated fluorescence: biological effects. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII 2963:272-277: Cullen, J.J., and Neale, P.J. (1997). Biological weighting functions for describing the effects of ultraviolet radiation on aquatic systems. Pp. 97-118, In: D.-P. Hider (ed.), Effects of ozone depletion on aquatic ecosystems. R.G. Landes. Cullen, J.J., Neale, PJ., and Davis, R.F. (1996). Quantifying the potential effects of ozone depletion on aquatic systems. In: Shaw, R.W. (ed.), Sczence and policy implications of atmospheric issues in Atlantic Canada. Workshop Proceedings, Halifax, N.S. Occasional Report No. 6, Environment Canada, Atlantic Region, Sackville, New Brunswick, p. 107. Drake, B.G., Gonzalez-Meler, M.A., and Long, S.P. (1997). More Efficient Plants: A consequence of rising atmospheric CO,.? Ann Rev Plant Physio Plant Mol Biol 48—607-637. Drake, B.G. Jacob, J., Muehe, M., Peresta, G., Gonzalez-Meler, M., Matamala, R. (1997). Acclimation of photosynthesis, respiration and ecosystem carbon flux of a Chesapeake Bay wetland after eight years exposure to elevated CO.. Plant and Soil 187:111—-118. Feller, I.-C. (1997). Ecology of mud-poor mangrove systems. Berichte—Forschungszentrum Terramare, Wilhelmshaven, Germany, Nr. 2:33-35 (Abstract). (1996). (Ed.). Mangrove ecology workshop manual. Teaching Manual for the Mangrove Education and Training Programme for Belize. Smithsonian Institution. Feller, I-C., and Mathis, W.N. (1997). Primary herbivory by wood-boring insects along a tree-height architectural gradient of RAzzophora mangle L. in Belizean mangrove swamps. Biotropica 29:440—451. Gallegos, C.L., and Jordan, T.E. (1997). Seasonal progression of factors limiting phytoplankton pigment biomass in the Rhode River estuary, Maryland (USA). I. Controls on phytoplankton growth. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 161:185-198. . (1997). Seasonal progression of factors limiting phytoplankton pigment biomass in the Rhode River estuary, Maryland (USA). I. Modeling N versus P limitation. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 161:199—212. Gallegos, C.L., Jordan, T-.E., and Correll, D.L. (1997). Interannual variability in spring bloom timing and magnitude in the Rhode River, Maryland (USA): observations and modeling. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 154:27—40. Gallegos, C.L., Vant, W.N., and Safi, K. (1996). Microzooplankton grazing of phytoplankton in Manukau Harbour, North Island. New Zealand J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 30:423-434. Gibb, J.G., and Hines, A.H. (1997). Phase III archaeological data recovery at the Smithsonian Pier Site (18AN284), Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Final Report to Maryland Historical Trust, 114 pages + appendices. Gonzalez-Meler, M.A. (1995). Effects of increasing atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide on plant respiration. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Barcelona, April 1995. Gonzalez-Meler, M., Drake, B.G., and Azcon-Bieto, J. (1996). Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide and plant respiration. In: A.I. Breymere, D.O. Hall, J.M. Mellilo, and G.I. Agren (eds.), Global Change: Effects on Coniferous Forests and Grasslands, 1996 Scope. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Ch 7, p. 161-181. Gonzalez-Meler, M.A., Ribas-Carbo, M., Siedow, J.N., and Drake, B.G. (1996). Direct inhibition of plant mitochondrial respiration by elevated CO,. Plant Physiol. 112:1349—I355. Grosholz, E.D., and Ruiz, G.M. (1996). Predicting the impact of introduced species: lessons from the multiple invasions of the European green crab. Bzol. Conserv. 78:59—-66. Hines, A.H., and Ruiz, G.M. (1997). Pilot Study for Nonindigenous Species in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Final Report for Regional Citizens Advisory Council. Valdez, Alaska. 112 pages. Hines, A.H., Whitlatch, R.B., Thrush, S.F, Dayton, P.K., Hewitt, J., Cummings, V., and Legendre, P. (1997). Nonlinear foraging response of a large marine predator to benthic prey: eagle ray pits and infaunal bivalves in a New Zealand sandflat. Journal of Experimental Martine Biology and Ecology 216:191—210. Hofmann, D.J., Oltmans, S.J., Bodhaine, B.A., Koenig, G.L., Harris, J.M., Lathrop, J.A., Schnell, R.C., Barnes, J., Chin, J., Kuniyuki, D., Ryan, S., Uchida, R., Yoshinaga, A., Neale, P.J., Hayes, D-R., Goodrich, R., Komhyr, W.D., Evans, R.D., Johnson, B.J., Quincy, D.M., and Clark, M. (1996). Record low ozone over Mauna Loa observatory, Hawaii during the winter of 1994-1995. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23:1533—1536. Jacob, J., and Drake, B.G. (1995). Acclimation of photosynthesis in relation to Rubisco and non-structural carbohydrate contents and in situ carboxylase activity in Scirpus olneyi grown at elevated CO, in the field. Plant, Cell and Environment 18:875-884. Jivoff, P.R. (1997). The relative roles of predation and sperm competition on the duration of the post-copulatory association between the sexes in the blue crab, Ca//znectes sapidus. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 40:175—185. Jordan, T.E., Correll, D.L., and Weller, D.E. (1997). Effects of agriculture on discharges of nutrients from Coastal Plain watersheds of Chesapeake Bay. J. Environ. Qual. 26:836-848. . (1997). Nonpoint source discharges of nutrients from Piedmont watersheds of Chesapeake Bay. J. Amer. Water Resources Assoc. 23:631-643. . (1996). Effects of hydrology and land use on discharges of nutrients from Piedmont and Coastal Plain watersheds of Chesapeake Bay. Bu/letin of the Ecological Society America 77:221. Juanes, F., and Smith, L.D. (1996). The ecological consequences of limb damage and loss in decapod 233 crustaceans: a review and prospectus. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 193:197-223. Kudoh, H., and Whigham, D.F. (1997). Genetic structure and gene flow in Hibiscus moscheutos (Malvaceae) populations. American Journal of Botany 84:1280—-1285. Langlois, G.A., and Coats, D.W. (1997). Symposium Introductory Remarks: “Protistan Predation Dynamics.” J. Euk. Microbiol. 44:173-175.28. Legendre, P., Thrush, $.F., Cummings, V.J., Dayton, P.K., Grant, J., Hewitt, J.E., Hines, A-H., McArdle, B.H., Pridmore, R.D., Schneider, D.C., Turner, S.J., Whitlatch, R.B., and Wilkinson, M.R. (1997). Spatial structure of bivalves in a sandflac: scale and generating processes. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 216:99-128. Lowrance, R., Altier, L.S., Newbold, J.D., Schnabel, R.R., Groffman, P.M., Denver, J.M., Correll, D.L., Gilliam, J.W., Robinson, J.L., Brinsfield, R.B., Staver, K.W., Lucas, W., and Todd, A.H. (1997). Water quality functions of riparian forest buffers in Chesapeake Bay watersheds. Environ. Management 21:687-712. Matamala-Paradeda, R. (1997). The nitrogen and carbon balance of plants of Scirpus olneyz (C3) and Spartina patens (C4) grown in the field at different atmospheric CO; concentrations in the Chesapeake Bay. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Barcelona, March 1997. McCune, B., Amsberry, K.A., Camacho, FJ., Clery, S., Cole, C., Emerson, C., Felder, G., French, P., Greene, D., Harris, R., Hutten, M., Larson, B., Lesko, M., Majors, S., Markwell, T., Parker, G.G., Pendergrass, K., Peterson, E.B., Peterson, E.T., Platt, J., Proctor, J., Rambo, T., Rosso, A., Shaw, D., Turner, R., and Widmer, M. (1997). Vertical profile of epiphytes in a Pacific Northwest old-growth forest. Northwest Science 71:145—-152. Ruiz, G.M., Fofonoff, PF., Hines, A.H., Von Holle, A.F, McCann, L.D., and Carlton, J.T. (1997). Analysis of nonindigenous species invasions of the Chesapeake Bay (USA). Part I. Volumes I-5: Executive Summary; Introduction; Methods; Vascular Plants; Fishes; Birds, Mammals, & Reptiles; Shelled Molluscs; Decapod Crustaceans; Bibliography. 1,550 pages. Technical Report to U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Stoecker, D.K., Li, A., Coats, D.W., Gustafson, D.E., and Nannen, M.K. (1997). Mixotrophy in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 152:1—12. Thompson, A., Early, E.A., Deluisi, J., Disterhoft, P., Wardle, D., Kerr, J., Rives, J., Sun, Y., Lucas, T., Mestechkina, T., and Neale, P.J. (1997). The 1994 North American interagency intercomparison of Ultraviolet monitoring spectroradiometers. Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 102:279—322. Thrush, S.F., Hewitt, J., Pridmore, R., Cummings, VJ., Whitlatch, R.B., Legendre, P., Hines, A.H., Dayton, P.K., Turner, S.J., Grant, J., McArdle, B., Schneider, D.C., and Wilkinson, M.R. (1997). Matching the outcome of small-scale density manipulation experiments with larger 234 scale patterns: an example of bivalve adult/juvenile interactions. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 216:153-169. Thrush, S.F.,, Pridmore, R.D., Bell, R.G., Cummings, VJ., Dayton, P.K., Ford, R., Grant, J., Green, M.O., Hewitt, J.E., Hines, A.H., Hume, T.M., Lawrie, S.M., Legendre, P., McArdle, B.H., Morrisey, D., Schneider, D.C., Turner, S.J., Walters, R.A., Whitlatch, R.B., and Wilkinson, M.R. (1997). The sandflat habitat: scaling from experiments to conclusions. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 216:1-9. Thrush, S.F., Scheider, D.C., Legendre, P., Whiclatch, R.B., Dayton, P.K., Hewitt, J.E., Hines, A.H., Cummings, V.J., Lawrie, S.M., Grant, J., Pridmore, R.D., Turner, S.J., and McArdle, B.H. (1997). Scaling-up from experiments to complex ecological systems: Where to next? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 216:243—251. Toft, J.D., Hines, A.H., and Ruiz, G.M. (1997). Docks as shallow water refuge for juvenile blue crabs. Proceedings of the Second Marine and Estuarine Shallow Water Science and Management Conference, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Philadelphia, PA, EPA 903/R/97009, pp. 223-229. Tremolieres, M., Correll, D., and Olah, J. (1997). Round table 1, Riparian vegetation and water quality. Pp. 227-230 In: J. Gibert, J. Mathieu, and F. Fournier (eds.), Groundwater/Surface Water Ecotones: Biological and Hydrological Interactions and Management Options. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Tyler, J., and Feller, I.C. (1996). A freshwater fish ina hypersaline mangrove environment. Gulf of Mexico Science 14:26-30. Whigham, D.F. (1997). Ecosystem functions and ecosystem values. Pp. 225-240, In: N.L. Christensen Jr., and R.D. Simpson (eds.), Ecosystem Function and Human Activities: Reconciling Economics and Ecology. Chapman and Hall, New York. Whiclatch, R.B., Hines, A.-H., Thrush, S.F., Hewitt, J.E., and Cummings, V. (1997). Benthic faunal responses to variations in patch density and patch size of a suspension-feeding bivalve inhabiting a New Zealand intertidal sandflat. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 216:171-189. Wijesinghe, D.K., and Whigham, D.F. (1997). Costs of producing clonal offspring and the effects of plant size on population dynamics in the woodland herb Uvularia perfoliata. Journal of Ecology. Wolcott, T.G., and Hines, A.H. (1996). Advances in ultrasonic biotelemetry for animal movement and behavior: the blue crab case study. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences, pp. 229-236. ‘Wright, D.A., Savitz, J.D., Dawson, R., Magee, J., and Smucker, R.A. (1996). Effect of diflubenzuron on the maturation and reproductive success of the copepod Exurytemora affinis. Ecotoxicology 5:47—58. Center for Museum Studies Center for Museum Studies. Museums for the New Millennium: A Symposium for the Museum Community. Washington, D.C.: Center for Museum Studies in association with the American Association of Museums, 1997. Cooper, Karen Coody. “Museums and American Indians: Ambivalent Partners.” In American Indian Studies: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Contemporary Issues, ed. Dane Morrison (Peter Lang Publishing, 1997.) Ellis, Rex M. Beneath the Blazing Sun. August House Publishers. 1997 Mayberry, Elena. Review of The 1997 Back Door Guidebook, by Michael Landes. Journal of the National Association of Colleges and Employers. Spring, 1997, p- 19. Office of Exhibits Central Altman, Diana Cohen, editor-in-chief. Exhzbztionist magazine (a publication of the National Association for Museum Exhibition, the standing professional committee on exhibition of the American Association of Museums), Vol. 16, no. 1, spring 1997, and Vol. 16, no. 2, fall 1997. . Editor and content advisor. Smithsonian Guidelines for Accessible Exhibit Design. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Accessibility Program, Office of the Provost, 1996. National Science Resources Center National Science Resources Center. Sczence for All Children: A Guide to Improving Elementary Science Education in Your School District. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1997. Office of Smithsonian Institution Archives Bain, Alan L. “Museum Archives.” Proceedings of the World Museum Day Conference, May 16, 1997. Seoul, Korea. Cox, William E. “Vernon O. Bailey,” “Edward A. Goldman,” “Richard Rathbun,” and “Frederick W. True.” In Biographical Dictionary of American and Canadian Naturalists and Environmentalists, edited by Kier B. Sterling, Richard P. Harmond, George A. Cevasco, and Lorne F Hammond. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997. Dorman, Kathleen W. “Joseph Henry proved equal to the challenges of Washington, D.C.” Torch no. 97-8 (August 1997):3- Eaton, Fynnette and Paul H. Theerman. “Records and Manuscripts of Physics and Allied Sciences and the Electronic Records Program at the Smithsonian Instirution Archives.” AIP History Newsletter XXIX, no. 2 (Fall 1997):7-8. Glenn, Susan W. “Frederick V. Coville.” In Biographical Dictionary of American and Canadian Naturalists and Environmentalists, edited by Kier B. Sterling, Richard P. Harmond, George A. Cevasco, and Lorne F Hammond. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997. Henson, Pamela M. “‘Through Books to Nature’: Anna Botsford Comstock and the Nature Study Movement.” In Natural Eloquence: Women Reinscribe Science, edited by Barbara T. Gates and Ann B. Shreir, 116—43. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1997. . Review of Brethren of the Net: American Entomology. 1840-1880, by W. Conner Sorensen. Journal of American History 84, no. 1 (June 1997):238-9. . “Paul Bartsch,” “William T. Hornaday,” “Frederick C. Loncoln,” and “Edward A. Preble.” In Biographical Dictionary of American and Canadian Naturalists and Environmentalists, edited by Kier B. Sterling, Richard P. Harmond, George A. Cevasco, and Lorne F. Hammond. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997. Lear, Linda. Rachel Carson: Witness for Nature. New York: Henry Holt & Co., Inc., 1997. . “The World Took a New Direction: Rachel Carson's Legacy.” History News 52, no. 3 (Summer 1997):10—13. Millikan, Frank R. “Modern weather service owes a lot to Smithsonian’s first Secretary,” Torch no. 97—4 (April 1997):8. National Collections Program. Smithsonian Institution Collection Statistics, 1996. Washington, D.C.: Office of Smithsonian Institution Archives, 1997. Nelson, Clifford M. “Robert Ridgway.” In Biographical Dictionary of American and Canadian Naturalists and Environmentalists, edited by Kier B. Sterling, Richard P. Harmond, George A. Cevasco, and Lorne F. Hammond. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997. Nelson, Clifford M., and Fritiof M. Fryxell. “Ferdinand V. Hayden” and “William H. Jackson.” In op. cit. Nelson, Clifford M., and Mary C. Rabbitt. “Clarence R. King.” In op. cit. Office of Smithsonian Institution Archives. OSIA Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1996. Washington, D.C.: Office of Smithsonian Institution Archives, 1997. Rothenberg, Marc. “After 20 years as a teacher, Henry valued SI's role in U.S. education,” Torch no. 97-9 (September 1997):8. . “As Secretary, Henry was called upon to defend basic research at SI,” Torch no. 97—5 (May 1997):3. . “Henry’s selection as first Secretary was a boost for American science,” Torch no. 97—3 (March 1997):3. 235 . “Henry's stature was greater at time when his statue was unveiled,” Torch no. 97-2 (February 1997):5- . “Joseph Henry’s zeal for science followed him to the Smithsonian.” Smithsonian Research Reports no. 90 (Fall 1997). . “While directing SI, Henry served his country in many other ways,” Torch no. 97-6 (June 1997):8. Theerman, Paul H. “Dionysius Lardner’s American Tour: A Case Study in Antebellum American Interest in Science, Technology, and Nature.” In Experiencing Nature: Papers in Honor of Allen G. Debus, edited by Paul H. Theerman and Karen V.H. Parshall, 211-235. The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, v. 58. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. Smithsonian Institution Libraries Bedini, Silvio A. The Pope’s Elephant. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet Press with The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation and the Discoveries Commission {Lisbon], 1997. DeHart, Sujata G., and Martin R. Kalfatovic. “Running to Keep in Place: Training Library Staff in Information Access,” pp. 62-65 in Proceedings of the Twelfth Computers in Libraries Conference. Medford, N.J.: Information Today, Inc., 1997. Dittemore, Margaret Ruth, and Fred J. Hay, eds. Documenting Cultural Diversity in the Resurgent American South: Collectors, Collecting and Collections. Chicago: Association of College and Research Libraries, 1997. Garnett, Thomas. Review. “The Heart of the Matter & Final Words,” (1997) by Tsele Natsok Rangdrol. The Mirror (May/June 1997):40. Kalfatovic, Martin R., Janice Bailey-Goldschmidt, and Mary C. Kalfatovic. “‘I Remember It Well:’ Paul Bern, Jean Harlow, and the Negotiation of Information.” Journal of Popular Culture 30(3) (Winter 1996):223-35. . “The Edge of the Web: Cookies: Stating the Not So Obvious on the Web.” LITA Newsletter 18(4) (Fall 1997). Internet document: . . “24 Hours in Cyberspace: An Exhibition at the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.” LITA Newsletter 18(3) (Summer 1997):9. . “The Edge of the Web: In Your Face: The Internet Gets Pushy.” LITA Newsletter 18(3) (Summer 1997): IO-II. . “The Edge of the Web: If You Can Read This ... Ir Doesn't Mean Everybody Can: Designing Accessible Web Pages.” LITA Newsletter 18(2) (Spring 1997):14-I5. . “Program Reports from ALA in New York: Expert Systems and the Web.” LITA Newsletter 17(4) (Fall 1996):10—II. 236 . “The Edge of the Web: Making Web Pages Work Harder—CGI Scripts.” LITA Newsletter 17(4) (Fall 1996):18. . Review. The Myth of Santa Fe: Creating a Modern Regional Tradition New Mexico (1997) by Chris Wilson. Library Journal 122(9) (May 15, 1997):75. . Review. American Visions: The Epic History of Art in America (1997) by Robert Hughes. Library Journal 12(8) (May 1, 1997):100. . Review. Associations Unlimited CD-ROM by Gale. RO 36.3 (Spring 1997):441—42. . Review. Dictionary of Art: American Art (1996) edited by Jane Turner. Art Documentation 16(1) (1997):24—-25 . Review. The Return of the Real: The Avant-Garde at the End of the Century (1996) by Hal Foster. Library Journal 122(3) (February 15, 1997):131. . Review. The Fate of a Gesture: Jackson Pollock and Postwar American Art (1996) by Carter Ratcliff. Library Journal 122(2) (February 1, 1997):78. . Review. DISCovering Multicultural America (1996) by Gale Research, Inc. RQ 36.2 (Winter 1996): 282-83. . Review. A Critic Writes: Essays by Reyner Banham (1996) by Reyner Banham, edited by Mary Banham, et al. Library Journal 121(18) (November I, 1996):63. . Review. Federal Art and National Culture: The Politics of Identity in New Deal America (1995) by Jonathan Harris. Art Documentation 15(1) (1996):68—69. . Review. High Art Down Home: An Economic Ethnography of a Local Art Market (1996) by Stuart Plattner. Library Journal 121(16) (October 1, 1996):74. . Review. The Art Forger’s Handbook by Eric Hebborn. Library Journal 122(15) (September 15, 1997):68. Kelley, Sherry L., and Brian E. C. Schottlaender. “UCLA/OCLC Core Record Pilot Project: Preliminary Report.” Library Resources and Technical Services, XL (3)(1996):251-260. Riley, Sheila M. Review. Flashpoint by Lynn S. Hightower. Library Journal 120 (14) (September 1, 1995):212. . Review. The Hundred Secret Senses by Amy Tan. Library Journal 120 (19) (November 15, 1995):101. . Review. My Soul To Keep by Judith Hawkes. Library Journal 120 (20) (December 1995):154. . Review. Offspring by Jonathan Strong. Library Journal 121 (3) (February 15, 1996):177. . Review. Sacred Dust by David Hill. Library Journal 121 (6) (April 1, 1996):117. . Review. Edson by Bill Morrissey. Library Journal 121 (8) (May 1, 1996):132. . Review. The Last Time I Saw Mother by Arlene J. Chai. Library Journal 121 (10) (June I, 1996):148. . Review. Crows Over a Wheatfield by Paula Sharp. Library Journal 121 (12) July 1996):163. . Review. Letting Loose by Christopher T. Leland. Library Journal 121 (14) (September 1, 1996):210. . Review. Manchu Palaces by Jeanne Larsen. Library Journal 121 (15) (September I5, 1996):97. . Review. Errands by Judith Guest. Library Journal 121 (17) (October I5, 1996):90. . Review. The Secret Diary of Anne Boleyn by Robin Maxwell. Library Journal 122 (5) (March 15, 1997):90. . Review. Exquisite Corpse by Robert Irwin. Library Journal 122 (6) (April 1, 1997):126. . Review. Flanders Point by Jacquie Gordon. Library Journal 122 (9) (May 15, 1997):101. . Review. Five Women by Rona Jaffe. Library Journal 122 (11) (June 15, 1997):98. . Review. One Better by Rosalyn McMillan Library Journal 122 (14) (September 1, 1997):219. Rossignol, Lucien, and Margaret Sealor, “The Information Wave: Sink, Swim, or Surf” in “Serials Spoken Here: Reports on Conferences, Institutes and Seminars,” Susan Davis, column editor, Serials Review 23(1) (Spring 1997):63—65. Smith, Martin A., David Wilt, and Judith Erickson. Encyclopedia of Physical Sciences and Engineering Information Sources. 2nd ed. Detroit: Gale Research Publishers, 1997. Stanley, Janet L. The Arts of Africa: An Annotated Bibliography, Volume 5, 1991. Atlanta: African Studies Association Press, 1996. . Review. Sipatst: Technology. Art and Geometry in Inhambane by Paulo Gerdes and Gildo Bulafo. Oxford: African Book Publishing Record, 23 (1) (1997):15—I6. Thomas, Mary Augusta. “Dance Magazines,” pp. 429-435, in Magazines for Libraries. 8th ed. New York: R.R. Bowker, 1997. Office of General Counsel Browne, Rachelle V. (Co-author) Buzlding Community Museums . What Building Owners, Artists, and Their Lawyers Need to Know About the Visual Artists Rights Act. ALI-ABA's Practice Checklist Manual for Drafting Leases II, 1997. . Copyright Corner in Smithsonian Education Update, 1997. . Toward an Ethical Relationship Between Museums and the Consulting Community in Smithsonian Education Update, 1997. Office of Public Affairs Blue Bulletin. A biweekly two- to four-page newsletter with administrative information for staff. Circulation is to every Smithsonian staff member. Editor: Colleen Hershberger. The Torch. A monthly newspaper for Smithsonian employees. During this year, the newspaper continued to highlight the Institution’s Isoth anniversary; staff roles in research, exhibitions, collections, and other activities; exhibitions “Now Showing”; classified ads; staff “Spare Time” activities; and more. Circulation is 10,500, which includes staff, volunteers, Smithsonian boards and commissions, and a list of interested individuals and organizations outside the Smithsonian. Editor: John Barrat. Smithsonian Institution Research Reports. A quarterly newsletter that disseminates information on Smithsonian research to an audience of some 75,000 readers (approximately 5,000 scientists, libraries, museums, universities, journalists, and others, and 70,000 Contributing Members of The Smithsonian Associates). Editor: Jo Ann Webb. 237 The Smithsonian Institution and Its Subsidiaries, September 30, 1997 The Secretary Office of the Secretary The Secretary I. Michael Heyman Executive Assistant James M. Hobbins Deputy Executive Assistant Kathy A. Boi Personal Assistant Barbara A. Cedorborg Administrative Assistant Carol F. Anderson Administrative Assistant Stephanie E. Fick Secretariat Records Management Supervisor Betty J. Russell Office of Inspector General Inspector General Thomas D. Blair Deputy Inspector General and Counsel Richard C. Otto 238 Office Assistants Earl R. Bice Kristin M. Hinkle Auditors John C. Fawsetr Peter D. Gould Denita B. Henderson Seksin Kardmai Lynn E. Lantz Lisa V. Leonard Gary S. Ling Robert J. Schelin Joyce E. Smith Criminal Investigator Robert L. Johnson Supervisory Auditors Kevin E. Kreitz Brian W. Lowe Joan M. Trudeau Management Analyst Kimm A. Richards Supervisory Criminal Investigator Gerard A. Roy Office of Planning, Management, and Budget Director L. Carole Wharton Assistant Director for Budget Formulation and Execution C. Austin Matthews Assistant Director for Compliance and Representation Mary J. Rodriguez Assistant Director for Program Planning and Management Support Kathleen R. Johnson Assistant Director for Policy Development Margaret C. Gaynor Associate Director for Systems and Administrative Support Jack D. Zickafoose Office of Membership and Development Executive Director for Development Robert V. Hanle Assistant Director for Membership and Volunteer Relations Diana D. Duncan Assistant Director for Development Donna B. Ari Assistant Director for Administration & Operations Margo H. Knight Development Officers John Brown, Jr. Barbara W. Freeman Elizabethine McC. Gentner Carrie Harrison Anthony Powell Linda A. Robertson Database Coordinator Ann Angel Bissell Information Resource Specialist James R. Stone Administrative Program Officer Jerry Janknowski Writer/Editor Grey Hautaluoma Smithsonian Corporate Membership Program Program Manager Joni Henderson Contributing Membership Program Manager Christine Skennion Smithsonian Women’s Committee Program Coordinator Cynthia Goodson The Provost Offzce of the Provost The Provost J. Dennis O’Connor Executive Officer for Administration Mary Tanner Executive Officers for Programs Ruth Selig Barbara Schneider Special Assistant Sandy Reid Awards Administrator Joan Zavala Administrative Officer Arleen McClain Secretaries Vera Chase Iris Washington Program Specialist Neil Kotler Program Assistant Priscilla Brown Program Analyst Richard Haas Office Assistant Taneesha Barnes SI Webmaster Peter House Web Manager Melissa Lane Computer Specialist Rafael Pena Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture Director Steven Cameron Newsome Associate Director for Research and Collections Deborah Willis Associate Director for Management and Business Affairs Shireen Dodson Associate Director for Public Service Robert Hall Associate Director for External Affairs and Special Progects Sharon A. Reinckens Archives of American Art Director Richard J. Wattenmaker New England Regional Director and Journal Editor Robert F. Brown West Coast Regional Director Paul J. Karlstrom Southeast Regional Collector Elizabeth S. Kirwin New York Regional Director Stephen Polcari Managing Editor, Journal Darcy Tell Assistant to the Director and Liazson to the Board of Trustees Skip Moellman Assistant Director for Archival Programs James B. Byers Chief, Collections Processing Barbara J. Dawson Registrar Elizabeth L. Joffrion Chief, Reference Services Judith E. Throm Catalog and Internet Resources Manager Karen B. Weiss Assistant Director for Operations Dianne G. Niedner Administrative Officer Brinah White Development Officer Eric Hausmann Curator Emeritus Garnett McCoy Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Director Milo C. Beach Deputy Director Thomas W. Lentz Executive Assistant Toni Lake Secretary to the Director Elaine Gill Assistant to the Deputy Director Marjan Adib Head, Office of Development Barbara L. Phillips Head, Office of Public Affairs Susan Bliss Chief Financial Officer Glennel Cooper Head, Gallery Shops Martin Bernstein Research and Collections Division Senior Research Scholar Thomas Lawton Curators Louise Allison Cort, Ceramics Vidya Dehejia, South and Southeast Asian Art Linda Merrill, American Art Jenny So, Ancient Chinese AIt James T. Ulak, Japanese Art Associate Curators Massumeh Farhad, Islamic Near Eastern Art Ann C. Gunter, Ancient Near Eastern Art Ann Yonemura, Japanese Art Assistant Curator Jan Stuart, Chinese Art Research Specialist Stephen Allee, Chinese Head, Conservation and Scientific Research Paul Jett Head, Library and Archives Lily Kecskes Head, Publications Karen Sagstetter Head, Collections Management Bruce Young Photography John Tsantes Public Programs Division Associate Director, Exhibitions and Facilities Patrick Sears Head, Design and Production Richard Franklin Head, Education Lucia Pierce Head, Facilities Robert Evans Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies Director Richard Kurin Director and Curator, Smithsonian Folkways Recordings Anthony Seeger Director, Festival of American Folklife Diana Parker Director, Cultural Studies and Communication James Early Deputy Director Richard Kennedy Senior Ethnomusicologist Thomas Vennum, Jr. Deputy Director, Smithsonian Folkways Recordings Amy Horowitz Administrative Officer Barbara Strickland Folklorists Olivia Cadaval Diana N’Diaye Peter Seitel Folklorists/Education Specialists Betty J. Belanus Marjorie Hunt Technical Director Pete Reiniger Program Managers Carla M. Borden John W. Franklin Design Director Kenn Shrader Coordinator, Latino Cultural Resource Network Cynthia Vidaurri Program Specialist Arlene Reiniger Archivist C. Jeffrey Place Assistant Archivist Stephanie Smith Media Specialist Charles Weber Administrative Assistants Linda Benner Bill Holmes Heather MacBride Cultural Studies and Communication Program Assistant Cenny Hester Folkways Manufacturing Coordinator Michael Maloney Folkways Specialist Dudley Connell Foleways Marketing Manager Brenda Dunlap Assistant Foleways Marketing Manager Chris Weston 239 Folkways Production Coordinator Mary Monseur Folkways Sound Engineer Tom Adams Folkways Fulfillment Specialists Lee Michael Demsey Judy Gilmore Matt Levine Ronnie Simpkins Research Associates Roland Freeman Ivan Karp Alan Lomax Worth Long Kate Rinzler Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Director James T. Demetrion Assistant Director for Administration Beverly Lang Pierce Assistant Director for Art and Public Programs Neal Benezra Curators Valerie J. Fletcher Frank Gettings Phyllis Rosenzweig Olga M. Viso Judith Zilczer Publications Manager Jane McAllister Head, Public Affairs Sidney Lawrence Librarian Anna Brooke Chief Photographer Lee Stalsworth Senior Educator Teresia Bush Conservators Laurence Hoffman Lee Aks A. Clarke Bedford Susan Lake Chief, Exhibits and Design Edward Schiesser 240 Design and Production Supervisor Robert Allen Acting Registrar Brian Kavanagh Building Manager Fletcher Johnston Assistant Building Manager Pamela Smith National Museum of African Art Director Roslyn A. Walker Assistant Director, Administration Patricia L. Fiske Assistant Director, Exhibit Design and Facility Alan Knezevich Senior Scholar Emeritus Roy Sieber Chief Curator Philip L. Ravenhill Curators Lydia Puccinelli Assistant Curators Bryna Freyer Andrea Nicolls Public Affairs Officer Janice L. Kaplan Curator of Education Edward Lifschitz Assistant Curator of Education Veronika Jenke Education Specialists Leasa Farrar Fortune Peter Pipim Registrar Julie Haifley Conservator Steve Mellor Curator of Photographic Archives, Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives Christraud M. Geary Librarian, Warren M. Robbins Library Janet Stanley Writer/Editor Joan Kelly National Museum of American History Office of the Director Director Spencer Crew Deputy Director Martha Morris Assistant Director for Strategic Initiatives Katherine Spiess Special Assistant to the Director Debora Scriber Miller Secretary Tarika Carter King Management Support Assistant Sillvan Carlson Planning Specialists Nanci Edwards Patrick Ladden Program Coordinator Kristin Felch Project Management Office Project Management Coordinator Eleanor Boyne Office of Curatorial Affairs Associate Director Lonnie Bunch III Program Manager Lynn Chase Assistant to the Associate Director Joyce Ramey Special Projects Office Project Managers Camilla Clough Kate Henderson Museum Specialist David Miller Department of History Acting Assistant Director Ramunas Kondratas Assistant Director for Interdisciplinary Initiatives Arthur Molella Secretaries Arevivia Amos Vickie Tierney Administrative Technician Evon Underhill Collections Support Office Museum Specialists Lisa Brenner Bishop Alicia Cutler Jane Fortune Kathleen Golden Lisa Kathleen Graddy Jim Hughes Sue Ostroff Janet Rockenbaugh Jane Rogers Wayne E. Wakefield Diane Wendt Smithsonian Without Walls Director Judith Gradwohl Program Coordinator Kathleen Connolly Program Specialist Ione Anderson Archives Center Chief Archivist John A. Fleckner Deputy Chief Archivist Robert S. Harding Archivists David E. Haberstich Reuben M. Jackson Cathy Keen Ann Kuebler Mimi Minnick Craig A. Orr Alison Oswald Deborra A. Richardson Scott W. Schwartz Wendy Shay Program Assistant Graciella Berkovich Historian Fath Davis Ruffins Maseum Specialist Vanessa Broussard Simmons Division of Cultural History Chair James Weaver Assistant Chair Odette Diaz Soliva Administrative Technician Jane Woodall Curators Richard Ahlborn Rayna D. Green John Edward Hasse Cynthia Adams Hoover Charles F. McGovern Marvette Perez Historians Dwight Blocker Bowers James Oliver Horton Program Coordinators Howard Bass Kenneth Kimery Matthew Watson Museum Specialists Ellen Roney Hughes Elizabeth McCullough Johnston David H. Shayc Gary Sturm Exhibits Interpreter Kimberly Kelly Producer James Zimmerman Division of Cultural History Smithsonian Chamber Music Soctety Executive Director Patrick Rucker Artisti Director Kenneth Slowik Division of the History of Technology Chair Steven Lubar Assistant Chair Jennifer Locke Clerk Typist Grace Boone Secretary Shirley Jordan-Stanton Curators Pete Daniel Paul F. Johnston Donald E. Kloster Carlene Stephens Jeffrey K. Stine William L. Withuhn Museum Specialists Harry Hunter Paula Johnson Larry Jones Peter Liebhold Sarah Rittgers David Todd L. Susan Tolbert Margaret Vining Roger White William E. Worthington Historian Emeritus James S. Hutchins Division of Information Technology and Society Acting Chair Helena Wright Chair David Allison Assistant Chair Joan Boudreau Secretary Cynthia Joynes Administrative Technician Leila Murphy Program Manager Karen Lee Curators Richard G. Doty Jon B. Eklund Bernard S. Finn Paul Forman Elvira Eliza Clain-Stefanelli Museum Specialists Nance Briscoe Michelle Delaney Peggy Kidwell Douglas Mudd R. Stanley Nelson Roger Sherman Elliot Sivowitch Shannon Thomas Harold Wallace Curator Emeritus Elizabeth M. Harris Division of Science, Medicine, and Society Chair Ray Kondratas Assistant Chair Steven Turner Secretary Gertrude Ross-Padgett Collections Management Assistant Margaret Sone Museum Specialists Judy Chelnick Ann M. Seeger Curator Jon B. Eklund Patricia Gossel G. Terry Sharrer Linda Tucker Deborah J. Warner Division of Social History Chair Susan Myers Assistant Chair Shelly Foote Secretary Doyon Harris Kim Knoblock Jennifer Strobel Museum Specialists Marilyn Higgins Sheila Alexander Doris M. Bowman Barbara S. Janssen Claudia Brush Kidwell Bonnie E. Lilienfeld Jennifer Oka Harry Rubenstein Anne M. Serio Melodie Sweeney Priscilla Q. Wood William H. Yeingst Adminstrative Technician Sandra Matthews Curators Emeritus Rita J. Adrosko Anne C. Golovin Edith P. Mayo Keith E. Melder Curators Larry Bird Rodris Roth Barbara Clark Smith Museum Conservators Katherine Dirks Karen J. Harris Historian Lonn Wood Taylor Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation Director Arthur Molella Program Manager Claudine Klose Historian Joyce Bedi Educators Caitlyn Howell Michael Judd Program Assistant Eva Fischer Program Coordinator Tanya Garner Research Assistant Monica Smith Office of Curatorial Affairs Department of Collections Management Services Acting Assistant Director Karen Garlick Program Manager Ray Hutt Secretary Erika Mack Manager Margaret Grandine Master Plan Project Manager Frances Dispenzirie Museum Technicians Monique Bresnie Kristin DeGrace Administrative Services Manager Rosemary Phillips Secretary Frances Jones Collections Documentation Services Manager Katharine Stewart Collections Documentation Specialists David Board Bernard Gallagher Andrea Heiss Deborah Schaefer-Jacobs Ruchann Uithol Offsite Storage Management Manager Steve Hemlin Museum Specialists Stacey Kluck David Lewis Tamura Moore James Oakley Richard Siday Museum Technicans Craig Brunetti Scott Bruton Edward Christian Gail Everson Lehua Fisher Alicia Freitag Donald Leonard Scott Neel Wendy Wiener Jeannie Whited Neal Walters Cedric Yeh Computer Specialist Martin White MSC Move Project Manager Ginger Deucher Program Assistant Beverly Wise Preservation Services Preservation Administrator Joan Young 242 Museum Specialist Debbie Hashim Conservators Richard Barden Lynne Gilliland Carolyn Long Beth Richwine Suzanne Thomassen-Kraus Polly Willman Museum Technician Amy Venzke Registration Services Registrar Jeanne Benas Assistant Registrar Ed Ryan Registration Specialists Tom Bower Nancy Card Daryl] Stuart Museum Specialists Barja Bell Patricia Mansfield Registration Technicians Audrey Ellis Estelle Hurley Office of Public Services Associate Director Harold Closter Senior Program Manager Catherine Perge Secretary Barbara Gilmartin Department of Education and Visitor Services Director Nancy McCoy Secretary Cassandra Williams Education Specialist Martha Jo Messerole Director, Internship and Fellowship Office Mary Dyer Director, Hands-On Science Center Dina Rosenthal Educators Theresa Esterlund Tim Grove Aniceto Navarro Heather Paisley-Jones Program Assistants Alice Gergely Andrea Lowther Howard Morrison Exhibit Coordinator Tom O'Brien Department of Exhibits AxdiolVisual and Services Director Tom Tearman Exhibits Maintenance Coordinator Mary Miller Motion Picture Projectionist Henry Cao Exhibits Aides Joe Grace Charles Sthreshley Supervisory Exhibits Specialist Ralph Logan Exhibits Specialist Shelly Smith Electronics Technician Richard Wakefield Program in African American Culture Director Niani Kilkenny Historian Alonzo Smith Office Manager Regina Taylor-Wynn Department of Program Planning and Design Director Harold Aber Secretary Denise Marshall Visual Information Specialist/Designers Russell Cashdollar Stevan Fisher Conny Raitzky Ann Rossilli Kathleen Rubin Exhibit Specialists Bob Norton Marcia Powell Department of Program Production Director Kathryn Campbell Administrative Technician Marilyn Turner Graphics Supervisory Exhibits Specialist Omar Wynn Exhibits Specialists Eric Chamberlain Lou Covey Brian Jensen John Nelson Diane Pryor Beverly Robinson Juan Smith Visual Information Coordinator Marion Gill Cabinets Supervisory Exhibits Specialist Peter Albritton Exhibits Specialists Bill Roseberry Geoffrey Ward Billy Powell Historic Restoration Shop Supervisor Terry Conable Exhibits Specialists Robbie Barrett Joe Criste Department of Publications Director Robert Selim Writers/Editors Nancy Brooks Joan Mentzer Administrative Technichian Lydia Wallick Pxblications Specialist/Graphics Designer Sue Walther Office of External Affairs Assoctate Director Lucy Greene Secretary Kay Habeger Department of Business Activities Management Support Clerk Rosa Suau Department of Development and Special Events Director Ruth Sexton Development Assistant Dawn Leidich Special Events Coordinators Elizabeth Little Bee Gee Thompson Department of Public Affairs Director Tensia Alvirez Public Affairs Specialists Stacy Coates Valeska Hilbig Office of Capital Programs Associate Director Ronald Becker Project Coordinator Ann Silverman Office of Facility Planning and Management Director Jim Whoolery Facility Manager Richard Day Assistant Facility Manager Ken Jordan Safety Manager Bill Prebble General Foreman Sinclair Jennings Clerk Typist Joyce Clark Space Management Specialist Ricky Drake Processing Clerk, Shipping/Receiving Hazel Jones Rigging Worker Supervisor Steve Jones Custodial Office Custodial Foremen Floyd Harris Irene Short Lennette Weaver Custodial Workers Carolyn Anderson Malcolm Archer William Brock Bernell Brown Catherine Butler Yvette Clanton Armanrey Devaughn Priscilla Dickerson Delphine Dicks John Dixon Barry Duncan Marion Dunsmore Reginald Eley William Ellis Walter Feaster Nathaniel Jennings Theresa Jones Laura McKnight Gregory McNeil Deborah Morton Moses Murphy Beatrice Newland Michael Newlon Crystal Price Irvin Suggs Tim Witherspoon Rigging Rigging Worker Leader Donald Phillips Riggers Andrew Goffney Harrison Hawkins Gregory Powell John Ridout Milton Williams Laborers Darnell Eddy Myron Johnson Maintenance Electrical Worker Bill Cole Maintenance Mechanics Todd Coombs Fred Dunsmore Bo Matchett Oplants Electrician John Kerns Office of Administrative and Automation Services Associate Director Dennis Dickinson Budget Director Richard Nicastro Administrative Office Budget Analyst Sandra Dunnigan Management Analyst Maggie Limehouse Administrative Specialist Frank Roche Adminstrative Technician Dan Weinwurm Computer Services Center Computer Programmer Analysts Sherman Ellegood Edward Johnson Computer Specialists Rob Gaskill Barbara Jordan Steve Stewart Brad Tesh Raelene Worthington National Museum of the American Indian Director W. Richard West Deputy Director Douglas Evelyn Assistant Director for Administration Donna A. Scott Office of National Campaign and External Affairs Director John Colonghi Deputy Director Maggie Bertin Office of Public Programs Assistant Director for Public Programs Charlotte Heth Deputy Assistant Director for Public Programs, —GGHC (N.Y.) John Haworth Office of Exhibitions Deputy Assistant Director for Exhibits James Volkert Office of Cultural Resources Assistant Director for Cultural Resources Vacant Deputy Assistant Director for Cultural Resources George Horse Capture 243 National Museum of Natural History Director Robert W. Fri Staff Assistant to the Director Donna Attaway-Dancy Associate Director for Operations Daniel Dreyfus Assitant Director for Administration Tracey Cones Budget Analysts Danielle Bielenstein Kasandra Brockington Management Specialists P. Yvette Butler Carole Butler Associate Director for Development and Public Affairs T. C. Benson Development Officer Shelley Goode Public Affairs Manager Randall Kremer Associate Director for Public Programs Robert D. Sullivan Acting Associate Director for Science Ross Simons Mathematical Statistician Lee Ann Hayek Assistant Director for Special Projects Catherine J. Kerby Deputy Assistant Director for Special Projects Jerome A. Conlon Museum Facilities Manager Edward McCoy Director, Biodiversity Program Don E. Wilson Director, Laboratory of Molecular Systematics Michael J. Braun Biological Sctences Program Administrator Matthew D. Kane Botanist Elizabeth A. Zimmer Research Biologist David L. Swofford 244 Assistant Director for Collections Janet R. Gomon Collection Inventory Manager Susan Wilkerson Assistant Collection Program Manager Vacant Supervisory Computer Specialist William Ducar Assistant Director for Automatic Data Programs Bruce Daniels Assistant Director for Education Laura L. McKie Supervisory Museum Specialist, Scanning Electron Microscope Laboratory Walter R. Brown Smithsonian Marine Station at Link Port Director Mary E. Rice Administrative Officer Joan L. Kaminski Research Assistants William D. Lee Sherry Anne Reed Julianne Piraino Hugh F. Reichardt Postdoctoral Fellows Paul R. Jivoff Michael Temkin Graduate Student Fellow Kathleen M. Hill Karen M. Strasser Dean E. Wendt Research Associate Joseph F. Dineen, Jr. Department of Anthropology Chairman Dennis J. Stanford Deputy Chairman Carolyn L. Rose Administrative Specialist Carole Lee Kin Public Information Specialist P. Ann Kaupp Collections Management Collections Manager Deborah Hull-Walski Conservation Lab Supervisor Greta Hansen Data Management Supervisor Johanna Humphrey Senior Research Conservator Carolyn L. Rose Handbook of North American Indians Program Manager Carolyn L. Rose Administrative Technician Melvina Jackson Production Manager Diane Della-Loggia Bibliographer Cesare Marino Linguist R. H. Ives Goddard HI Photograph Researcher Joanna Scherer Archives Program Director John Homiak Human Studies Film Archives Film Archivist Pamela Wintle National Anthropological Archives Archivists Paula R. Fleming Robert Leopold Native American Indian Program Director JoAllyn Archambault Division of Archaeology Division Head J. Daniel Rogers Senzor Scientist Bruce D. Smith Curators Theresa Singleton Gus W. Van Beek Archaeobiology Program Director Bruce D. Smith Melinda A. Zeder Arctic Program Director William W. Fitzhugh Program Assistant John Mullaney Archaeologists Aaron Crowell Igor Krupnik Stephen Loring Latin American Archeology Program Director Betty Meggers Paleo-Indian Program Director Dennis J. Stanford Division of Ethnology Division Head R. H. Ives Goddard, III Curators Mary Jo Arnoldi Adrienne Kaeppler Robert Laughlin William Merrill William C. Srurtevant Asian Cultural History Program Director Paul M. Taylor Division of Physical Anthropology Division Head Douglas W. Owsley Curators Donald J. Ortner Douglas H. Ubelaker Human Origins Program Dzrector Richard B. Potts Office of Repatriation Program Manager Thomas Killion Case Officers William Billeck Paula Malloy Karen Mudar Stephen Ousley Charles Smythe John Stuart Speaker Research Associates Larry Banks William Barse Kenneth M. Bilby Tamara Bray Allison Brooks Ernest Burch Anita Cook Jean Paul Dumont Don Fowler George Frison Kathleen Gordon Stephen Potter Kenyan G. Tomaselli John Yellen Collaborators Juliet Cleaves Christopher Duncan Briece Edwards Sigrid Gabler Daniel Halperin Todd Harple Pegi Jodry Deanna Kingston Paulina Ledergerber Marilyn London Elizabeth Miller Mike Petraglia Catherine Rhodes Maria de las Merceoles del Rio Henry Heuveling van Beek Allison Willcox Curators Emeritus William Crocker Lucile St. Hoyme William Trousdale Department of Botany Chairman W. John Kress Administrative Specialist Linda M. Moreland Collections Management Collections Manager George F..Russell III Greenhouse Management Horticulturist Michael Bordelon Senior Botanist Mark M. Lictler Curators Pedro Acevedo Paula T. DePriest Laurence J. Dorr Robert B. Faden Maria A. Faust Vicki A. Funk W. John Kress David B. Lellinger Dan H. Nicolson James N. Norris Joan W. Nowicke Paul M. Peterson Harold E. Robinson Laurence E. Skog Warren L. Wagner Dieter C. Wasshausen Elizabeth Zimmer Research Associates Patrick Herendeen Joan Koven Olga Herrera-MacBryde Diane Littler Nancy Morin Mark Plotkin Basil Stergios Collaborators Christian Feuillec Gene Rosenberg Anna Weitzman Curators Emeritus Ernani G. Menez Stanwyn G. Shetler John Wurdack Department of Entomology Chairman Robert K. Robbins Collections Management Collections Manager David G. Furth Public Information Officer Gary F. Hevel Curators John M. Burns Jonathan A. Coddington Don R. Davis Terry L. Erwin Wayne N. Mathis Ronald J. McGinley Dan A. Polhemus Theodore R. Schultz Paul J. Spangler Research Associates David Adamski Joachim Adis Annette Aiello Vitor O. Becker William E. Bickley Andrew Bower Astrid Caldas Gabriela Chavarrin Gregory Courtney Lance Durden Robert L. Edwards Neal L. Evenhuis Douglas C. Ferguson Adrian Forsyth Amnon Freidberg Ralph Harbach Michael Hastriter Gustavo Hormiga Ronald W. Hodges Gustavo Hormiga James Keirans Gerardo Lamas Bette Loiselle Charles Mitter Mark Moffetc Paul A. Opler John T. Polhemus Robert W. Poole Nikolaj Scharff Jeffrey Shultz Felix Sperling Collaborators David Ahrenholz Robert Busby Curtis Callaghan John Fales Kimberly Nicole Gibson Elaine Hodges Marion Kotrba George Krizek Enrique Ortiz Affiliated Scientists Robert W. Carlson Raymond G. Gagné E. Eric Grissell Thomas J. Henry Yiau-Min Huang Steven W. Lingafelter Stuart H. MaKamey Douglass R. Miller Steve Nakahara David A. Nickle Allen L. Norrbom E. L. Peyton Michael G. Pogue Leopoldo Rueda Michael E. Schauff Robert L. Smiley David R. Smith M. Alma Solis Manya B. Stoetzel Daniel A. Strickman F. Christian Thompson Rick C. Wilkerson Norman E. Woodley Senior Scientist Emeritus Karl V. Krombein Scientist Emeritus Oliver S. Flint, Jr. Richard C. Froeschne Department of Invertebrate Zoology Chairman Kristian Fauchald Collections Manager Cheryl F. Bright Management Support Specialist Martha V. Joynt Emeritus Zoologists Frederick M. Bayer Fenner A. Chace Jr. Marian H. Pettibone Crustacea Sentor Scientist Raymond B. Manning Curators Frank D. Ferrari Brian Kensley Louis S. Kornicker Rafael Lemaitre Echinoderms and Lower Invertebrates Senior Scientist David L. Pawson Curators Stephen D. Cairns Klaus Ruetzler Mollusks Curators M. G. Harasewych Robert Hershler Clyde F. E. Roper Worms Curators Kristian Fauchald W. Duane Hope Jon L. Norenburg Mary E. Rice Research Associates G. Denton Belk Darryl L. Felder Gordon Hendler John Holsinger Roy K. Kropp E. Taisoo Park Richard E. Petit Marjorie L. Reaka-Kudla Janet W. Reid Edward E. Ruppert Collaborators John-Henry Gross Stephen C. Jameson Tatsuo Oji 246 Affiliated Scientists J. Bruce Bredin Steven Chambers Elizabeth Chornesky Joan D. Ferraris Stephen J. Gardiner Terrence M. Gosliner Lipke B. Holthuis J. Ralph Lichtenfels Patsy McLaughlin Charles G. Messing Isabel Perez-Farfante (Canet) Esther C. Peters Anthony J. Provenzano, Jr. I. G. Sohn Ronald B. Toll Michael Vecchione Austin B. Williams David K. Young Department of Mineral Sciences Chairman Glenn J. MacPherson Administrative Specialist Ellen Thurnau Meteorites Curators Glenn J. MacPherson Tim McCoy Mineralogy Curators Jeffrey Post Michael A. Wise Collections Manager Russell Feather Paul Pohwat Petrology and Volcanology Senior Scientist William G. Melson Curators Richard S. Fiske Tom Simkin Sorena Sorensen Collections Manager Leslie Hale Physical Sciences Laboratory Chemist Eugene Jarosewich Global Volcanism Network Curator James F. Luhr Collaborators Howard T. Evans, Jr. Bevan French Tom Wright Curator Emeritus Roy S. Clarke, Jr. Brian H. Mason Department of Paleobiology Chairman William A. DiMichele (through July 31, 1997) Richard H. Benson (effective August I, 1997) Curators Emeritus Nicholas Hotton II Jack W. Pierce Clayton E. Ray Curators Emeritus (Not in Residence) Richard S$. Boardman G. Arthur Cooper Kenneth M. Towe Porter M. Kier Administrative Assistant Patricia K. Buckley Collections Manager Jann W. M. Thompson Paleobiological Information Specialist Raymond T. Rye II Scientific Ulustrator Mary A. Parrish Vertebrate Paleontology Preparation Laboratory, Supervisor Frederick V. Grady Senior Scientists Richard H. Benson Martin A. Buzas Alan H. Cheetham Daniel J. Stanley Geologist Ian G. Macintyre Curators Anna K. Behrensmeyer William A. DiMichele Robert J. Emry Douglas H. Erwin Brian T. Huber Francis M. Hueber Conrad C. Labandeira John M. Pandolfi (appointed February 19, 1997) Thomas R. Waller Scott L. Wing Research Associates, Collaborators, and Affiliated Scientists William I. Ausich Raymond L. Bernor Annalisa Berta Robyn J. Burnham Zhongyuan Chen James M. Clark Stephen J. Culver John D. Damuth, Jr. Katherine Sian Davies-Vollum Daryl P. Domning J. Thomas Dutro, Jr. Ralph E. Eshelman Jerzy Fedorowski Catherine A. Forster Thomas G. Gibson Rex A. Hanger Robert W. Hook Carol L. Hotton Nigel C. Hughes Scott E. Ishman Thomas W. Kammer William E. Kiene David Kohls Carl F. Koch Kenneth G. MacLeod Sergius H. Mamay Christopher G. Maples Jerry N. McDonald Herbert W. Meyer Robert B. Neuman William A. Oliver, Jr. Lisa E. Osterman John Pojeta, Jr. Louis J. Pribyl Kenneth A. Rasmussen Pamela R. Reid Kenneth D. Rose Judith E. Skog Anthony D. Socci I. Gregory Sohn Hans-Dieter Sues Joshua I. Tracey, Jr. James W. Valentine Andrew G. Warne David B. Weishampel Frank C. Whitmore, Jr. Debra A. Willard Keddy Yemane Ellis L. Yochelson Department of Vertebrate Zoology Chairman G. David Johnson Management Support Specialist Sybil Descheemaeker Technical Information Specialist Joy P. Gold Division of Amphibians and Reptiles Curators Kevin de Queiroz W. Ronald Heyer George R. Zug Collections Manager Ronald I. Crombie Division of Birds Curators Gary R. Graves Storrs L. Olson Collections Manager J. Phillip Angle Division of Fishes Curators G. David Johnson Lynne R. Parenti Victor G. Springer Richard P. Vari Stanley H. Weitzman Collections Managers Susan L. Jewett Jeffrey T. Williams Division of Mammals Curators Michael D. Carleton Charles O. Handley, Jr. Robert F. Hoffmann James G. Mead Richard W. Thorington, Jr. Collections Managers Linda K. Gordon Charles W. Potter Research Associates Ronald G. Altig Aaron M. Bauer Bruce M. Beehler Eleanor D. Brown John E. Cadle Rafael Omar de Sa Philip J. Clapman Kenneth C. Dodd, Jr. Carl H. Ernst Louise H. Emmons J. Whitfield Gibbons Harry Grier David A. Good Catharine A. Hawks Lawrence R. Heaney Richard Highton Aleta Hohn Ivan Ineich Morton L. Isler Phyllis R. Isler Elisabeth Kalko Roxie Laybourne Bradley C. Livezey Jonathan B. Losos Linda E. Resnik Maxson Joseph C. Mitchell Molly R. Morris Guy G. Musser Hidetoshi Ora Gregory K. Pregill John E. Randall Sentiel A. Rommel Teresa K. Rowles Elizabeth Schreiber Norman J. Scott, Jr. Ian R. Swingland William F. Smith-Vaniz Jiakun Song Wayne C. Starnes Richard J. Wassersug Marilyn Weitzman Collaborators Chris Austin Lester A. Hart Todd Jackman Gendron Jensen Patricia B. Zug Curators Emeritus Richard L. Zusi Affiliated Scientists Richard C. Banks Bruce B. Collette Mercedes S. Foster Thomas H. Fritts Alfred L. Gardner Joe T. Marshall, Jr. Roy W. McDiarmid Thomas A. Munroe National Portrait Gallery Director Alan Fern Deputy Director Carolyn K. Carr Associate Director for Administration Barbara A. Hart Administrative Officer Eloise P. Baden Curator of Paintings and Sculpture Ellen G. Miles Curator of Exhibitions Beverly J. Cox Curator of Prints and Drawings Wendy Wick Reaves Curator of Photographs Mary C. Panzer Senior Historian Frederick S. Voss Education Program Director, Acting Leni Buff Publications Officer Frances K. Stevenson Chief, Design and Production Nello Marconi Keeper, Catalog of American Portraits Linda Thrift Editor of the Charles Willson Peale Papers and Historian of American Culture Lillian B. Miller Librarian Cecilia Chin Chief Photographer Rolland White Registrar Suzanne C. Jenkins Public Affairs Officer Brennan Rash Facilities Manager Daniel Davies National Postal Museum Director James H. Bruns Administrative Officer Antoinette Williams Financial Officer Polone M. Bazile Exhibitions Manager Patricia M. Burke Registrar David T. Wilson Head of Education Esther Washington External Affairs and Development Officer Nancy R. Lynner Museum Program Specialist Nancy A. Pope Museum Specialist (Philately) Joseph Geraci Writer/Editor Jeffrey L. Brodie Building Manager Greg Cunningham Librarian Timothy Carr Protection Services Captain Gordon Swain National Zoological Park Director Michael H. Robinson Deputy Dzrector McKinley Hudson Conservation and Research Center Associate Director for Conservation Chris M. Wemmer Deputy Associate Director for Conservation Scott R. Derrickson Conservation Training Officer Rasanayagam Rudran Head, Field Research Unit John Rappole Senior Veterinarian Mitchell Bush Reproductive Physiology Unit Head David Wildr Research Veterinarian Steven Monfort Mammal Unit Head Linwood Williamson Biological Programs Associate Director Benjamin Beck Department of Zoological Research Assistant Director Daryl! Boness Research Nutritionist Olav Oftedal Migragory Bird Center Director Russell Greenberg 248 Molecular Genetics Laboratory Chief Robert Fleischer Exhibit Programs Curators Michael Davenport Alan Peters Miles Roberts Vincent Rico John Seidensticker Lisa Stevens Paul Tomassoni Department of Nutritional Resources Manager Mary Allen Department of Pathology Head Richard Montrali Department of Animal Health Head Richard Cambre Office of Public Affairs Chief Robert Hoage Development Office Head of Development Teresa Larson Business Office Business Manager Nancy Johnson Office of the Registrar Registrar Judith Block Interpretive Programs Associate Director David Jenkins Office of Security and Communications Chief Robert Boggs National Zoological Park Police Captain vacant Division of Exhibit Interpretation Head Lynn Dolnick Office of Management Services Administrative Officer James Fitzpatrick Office of Safety and Occupational Health Manager Garrick Smith Facilities and Management Assistant Director Robin Vasa Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Director Irwin Shapiro Associate Directors Planning Bruce Gregory Atomic and Molecular Physics Kate Kirby High Energy Astrophysics Stephen Murray (reappointed) Optical and Infrared Astronomy John P. Huchra (through January 31, 1998) Robert Kirshner (from February I, 1998) Planetary Sciences Brian G. Marsden Radio and Geoastronomy Mark J. Reid (through March 14, 1997) Philip Myers (from March 15, 1997) Solar and Stellar Physics Eugene H. Avrett (from October 1, 1996) Theoretical Astrophysics Ramesh Narayan (through April 30, 1997) George Rybicki (from May 1, 1997) Department Managers Central Engineering Richard B. Dias Computation Facility Van L. McGlasson Contracts and Procurement George D. Dick (through September 30, 1996) Contracts, Grants, and Property Management John Harris (from October 1, 1997) Controller’s Office Philip A. Hatfield (through October 2, 1998) Human Resources Marion R. Aymie (through March 21, 1997) Laura Conway (May Io, 1998) Benefits and Operations Michelle Barnes (March 21, 1997—April 3, 1998) Personnel Management Eva Cardarelli (March 21, 1997—May 8, 1998) Library Donna Coletti Management Information Systems Rosalie Blum Publications James Cornell Science Education Philip M. Sadler Subcontracts and Procurement Peter Sozanski (from October I, 1996) Travel Nancy M. Adler Scientific Staff Alberto Accomazzi Thomas L. Aldcroft Yakov Alpert Alice Argon Matthew L. N. Ashby James Babb Sallie Baliunas Simon Bandler Peter Barnes Frederic Baudin Edwin A. Bergin Mark Birkinshaw Raymond Blundell Jay A. Bookbinder Bram Boroson Nancy Brickhouse Roger J. Brissenden James Buckley Anthony Burek Nelson Caldwell Robert A. Cameron Nathaniel P. Carleton Kelly Chance John Chandler Jon H. Chappell Adam Contos Mario Cosmo Steven Cranmer Alexander Dalgarno Thomas M. Dame Laurence P. David James L. Davis Robert J. Davis Edward E. DeLuca Danuta Dobrzycka Adam Dobrzycki R. Hank Donnelly Jeremy Drake Andrea Dupree Richard Edgar Guenther Eichhorn Martin S. Elvis Ruth Esser Robert Estes Ian Evans Nancy Evans Giuseppina Fabbiano Daniel G. Fabricant Emilio Falco-Acosta Giovanni G. Fazio George Field Silvano Fineschi Fabrizio Fiore Craig Foltz Christine Jones Forman William R. Forman Fred A. Franklin Antonella Fruscione Terrance J. Gaetz Michael R. Garcia Larry Gardner John C. Geary Margaret J. Geller Owen Gingerich Tomas Girnius Leon Golub Paul Gorenstein Roy Gould Dale E. Graessle Paul Green Lincoln Greenhill Mario Grossi Gordon Gullahorn Shadia Habbal F. Rick Harnden, Jr. Daniel E. Harris Ilana Harrus Lee Hartmann Xianqquan He Eric Heller Paul Ho Robert Hohlfeld Janet Houser Diab Jerius David G. Johnson Kenneth W. Jucks Jiahong Juda Michael Juda Wolfgang Kalkofen Margarita Karovska Edwin M. Kellogg Almus T. Kenter Scott Kenyon Eric Keto Dong-Woo Kim Steven C. Kleiner John L. Kohl Sylvain Korzennik Ralph P. Kraft Martin Krockenberger Michael J. Kurtz Robert L. Kurucz Marc G. Lacasse Charles Lada Adair Lane David W. Latham Myron Lecar Martin Levine Enrico Lorenzini Glen H. Mackie Ursula B. Marvin Smita Mathur Edward Mattison Jeffrey E. McClintock Walter McDermott Jonathan C. McDowell Brian R. McNamara Gary J. Melnick Karl Menten Joseph Michels Mari Paz Miralles James M. Moran Robert Noyes Ray O'Neal Espen Olsen Scott Paine Alexander Panasyuk Nimesh Patel Costas Papaliolios William Parkinson Michael Pearlman Michail I. Peraev James Phillips Paul P. Plucinsky Rene Plume Andrea H. Prestwich Francis A. Primini Charles Prosser Michael I. Ratner John C. Raymond Robert Reasenberg Suzanne E. Romaine Laurence Rothman Steven H. Saar Hossein Sadeghpour Dimitar Sasselov Jonathan Schachter Rudolph E. Schild Eric Schlegel Matthew H. Schneps Herbert Schnopper Daniel A. Schwartz Frederick Seibel Frederick D. Seward Aneta L. Siemiginowska Eric Silver Patrick Slane Howard Smith Robert Spurr Anthony A. Stark John R. Scauffer Robert P. Stefanik Robert Stern Richard Stoner Leonard Strachan Harvey D. Tananbaum Patrick Thaddeus Eric V. Tollestrup Volker Tolls Guillermo Torres Wesley A. Traub Ginevra Trinchieri Gregory Tucker Wallace H. Tucker Han Uitenbroek 249 Aad van Ballegooijen Leon P. Van Speybroeck Olaf Vancura Robert Vessot Jan Vrtilek Saega Vrtilek Ronald Walsworth Zhong Wang Brad Wargelin Trevor C. Weekes Fred L. Whipple Belinda Wilkes Steven P. Willner Robert Wilson Scott Wolk Jonathan W. Woo Brian Wood John A. Wood Kenny Wood Diana M. Worrall Kouichi Yoshino Robert Zacher Qizhou Zhang Yun Zhang Ping Zhao Panagoula Zografou Martin V. Zombeck Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellows Simon Balm William N. Brandt Robin Cote James DiFrancesco Charles Gammie Mercedes Gomez Mark A. Gurwell Luis Ho Todd Hunter Susanne Huttemeister Vassiliki Kalogera Charles Katz Brian McLeod Joan Najita Nagayoshi Ohashi Roopesh Ojaha Masao Saito Dimitrios Psaltis Bilha Segev Uros Seljak Krzysztof Stanek Mario Tafalla Eddy Timmermans Sridharan Tirupati Alexey Vikhlinin 250 Jack Wells Jonathan Williams David Wilner Conservation Analytical Laboratory Director Lambertus van Zelst Assistant to the Director Beverly M. Smith Administrative Officer Vernetra M. Williams Administrative Staff Loretta E. Ester-Clark Francine T. Lewis Jocelyn D. Sellers Education and Training Education Coordinator Donald C. Williams Archives Conservator Fei-wen Tsai Senior Furniture Conservator Melvin J. Wachowiak Senior Objects Conservator Carol A. Grissom Objects Conservator Harriet (Rae) F. Beaubien Paintings Conservator Jia-sun Tsang Senior Paper Conservator Dianne van der Reyden Senior Textile Conservator Mary W. Ballard Research Research Coordinator Ronald L. Bishop Senior Research Biochemist Noreen C. Tuross Research Biologist Connie J. Kolman Senior Research Ceramic Scientist Pamela B. Vandiver Senior Research Chemists M. James Blackman Charles S. Tumosa Research Chemist Emile C. Joel Metallurgist Martha E. Goodway Senior Research Organic Chemist W. David Erhardt Research Organic Chemists Mary T. Baker David W. von Endt Senior Research Photographic Sczentist Mark McCormick-Goodhart Senior Research Physical Scientist Marion F. Mecklenburg Support and Collaboration Scientific Support Coordinator Melanie E. Feather Analytical Chemist Camie S. Thompson Biochemist Jill L. Russ Computer Specialist Chery! D. Sultzer Organic Chemist Walter R. Hopwood Senior Paintings Conservator Roland H. Cunningham Technical Information Specialist Ann B. N’Gadi Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Director Ira Rubinoff Deputy Director Anthony G. Coates Assistant Director for Facilities Carlos Tejada Assistant Director for Fellowships and Education Georgina de Alba Assistant Director for International and External Affairs Elena Lombardo Assistant Director for Scientific Support Services Howard S. Barnes Comptroler Leopoldo Leén Executive Officer and Assistant Director for Administration and Legal Affairs Leonor G. Motta Special Advisor to the Director for Technology Transfer/Environmental Policy Issues Stanley Heckadon-Moreno Accounting Office Accounting Officer Carlos Urbina Development Office Head, Development Office Lucy B. Dorick Development Officer Lisa Barnett Diving Office Diving Officer José Espino Human Resources Office Personnel Management Specialist Carmen Sucre Office of Information Technology Information Technology Officer Francisco Rivera Library Branch Librarian Vielka Chang-Yau Office of Physical Plants Branch Engineer Fernando Pascal Photographic Department Photographer Marcos A. Guerra Electronic Imaging Specialist Alejandro Caballero Procurement Office Supervisor, Contract Specialist Mercedes Arroyo Protocol Office Protocol Officer Ménica Alvarado Safety Office Safety Officer José Ramén Perurena Security Office Security Manager Alejandro Arze Scientific Support Services Management Specialist (Scientific) Raineldo Urriola Tupper Center and Ancon Manager Audrey M. Smith BCI Scientific Coordinator Oris Acevedo BCI Manager Daniel Millan Naas Support Services Manager Mercedes Denis Naos Laboratories Scientific Coordinator Anibal Velarde Visitor Services Office Visitor Services Manager Gloria Maggiori Scientific Staff Senzor Scientists Jeremy B.C. Jackson Olga F. Linares Martin H. Moynihan (died December 3, 1996) A. Stanley Rand Mary Jane West-Eberhard Staff Scientists Annette Aiello Penelope Barnes Eldredge Bermingham John H. Christy Richard G. Cooke Paul Colinvaux Mireya Correa Luis D’Croz William G. Eberhard Helena Fortunato Robin Foster Héctor Guzman Stanley Heckadon-Moreno E. Allen Herre Llewellya Hillis Nancy Knowlton Egbert G. Leigh, Jr. Harilaos Lessios Dolores Piperno D. Ross Robertson David W. Roubik Noris Salazar Allen Fernando Santos-Granero Neal G. Smith William Wcislo Donald M. Windsor Klaus Winter S. Joseph Wright Center for Tropical Forest Science Durector Elizabeth C. Losos Center for Tropical Palaeoecology and Archaeology Director Jeremy B.C. Jackson Research Associates Tomas Arias Héctor Barrios Mary Alice Coffroth Laurel Collins Gregory S. Gilbert Nicholas Georgiadis Mahabir Gupta Stephen Hubbell Roberto Ibdfiez Jorge Illueca Peter Jung Elisabeth Kalko Howard R. Lasker Stephen Mulkey Catherine Potvin Diomedes Quintero Robert E. Ricklefs Tyson Roberts Michael Ryan Julieta Carrridn de Samudio Rafael Samudio Hans-Ulrich Schnitzler Robert Stallard Henry Stockwell Melvin Tyree Fredic V. Vencl Gerhard Zotz Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Acting Director Ross B. Simons Assistant Director Anson H. Hines Facilities Manager Paul F. Tavel Education Specialist A. Mark Haddon Animal Ecologists James F. Lynch Gregory M. Ruiz Chemical Ecologist Thomas E. Jordan Environmental Chemist David L. Correll Environmental Engineer Gary Peresta Ecologist Geoffrey G. Parker Microbial Ecologists D. Wayne Coats Charles L. Gallegos Modeler Donald E. Weller Plant Ecologists Ilka C. Feller Dennis F. Whigham Photobiologist Patrick J. Neale Plant Physiologist Bert G. Drake Center for Museum Studies Director Rex M. Ellis Deputy Durector Bruce C. Craig Administrative Officer Eleanor M. David Director's Secretary Tiphanie Hill Research Manager Nancy J. Fuller American Indian Museum Studies Manager Karen Coody Cooper Museum Programs Specialist Magdalena Mieri Curriculum Coordinator Bettie J. Lee Secretary Stacey Burkhardt Emeritus Sentor Scholar Stephen E. Weil Intern Services Intern Services Coordinator Elena Piquer Mayberry Intern Services Assistant Eric Jack Baker Intern Services Asststant Allison Wickens 251 Office of Exhibits Central Director Michael Headley Administration Assistant Director Mary Dillon Bird Administrative Officer Debbie H. Yang Projects Manager George Quist Design, Editing, and Graphics Team Leader Mary Dillon Bird Modelmaking Team Leader Richard J. Kilday Fabrication Team Leader Rick Pelasara National Science Resources Center Executive Director Douglas M. Lapp Deputy Director for Development, External Relations, and Outreach Sally Goetz Shuler Administrative Officer R. Gail Thomas Financial Associate Michael Flattery Computer Analyst Leonard West Executive Administrative Assistant Gail Greenberg 252 Administrative Assistant Dorothy Smith Project Director. Science and Technology Concepts for Middle Schools (STC/MS) Kitty Lou Smith STC/MS Research Associates David Marsland Henry Milne Carol O’Donnell Outreach Director Leslie J. Benton Outreach Associate Wendy Binder Program Assistant Ryan Lebro Information Dissemination Director Evelyn M. Ernst Resourcel Database Specialist Rita C. Warpeha Publications Director Dean Trackman Managing Editor: STC Discovery Deck Marilyn Fenichel Writer/Editors Linda Harteker Dorothy Sawicki Publications Technology Specialist Heidi M. Kupke Illustrator Max-Karl Winkler Research Assistant Janice Campion Office of Smithsonian Institution Archives Director Edie Hedlin Archives Division Archivist and Division Director Alan L. Bain Associate Archivists William E. Cox Paul H. Theerman Kathleen M. Williams Assistant Archivists La Nina M. Clayton R. Shawn Johnstone Bruce R. Kirby Michele Lee Tammy L. Peters James A. Steed Archives Specialist Gerald J. Rosenzweig Electronic Records Division Division Director Fynnette L. Eaton Institutional History Division Historian and Division Director Pamela M. Henson Joseph Henry Papers Project Editor Marc Rothenberg Assistant Editor Kathleen W. Dorman Staff Historians Deborah Y. Jeffries Frank R. Millikan National Collections Program National Collections Coordinator William G. Tompkins Assistant National Collections Coordinator Lauri A. Hinksman Smithsonian Institution Libraries Director Nancy E. Gwinn Assistant Director Bonita D. Perry Assistant Director Mary Augusta Thomas Assistant to the Director and Publications Officer Nancy L. Matthews Development Officer Gwendolen R. Leighty Systems Office Department Head Thomas Garnett Systems Librarian Marcia Adams Computer Specialist Susan Stead-Carter Systems Librarian Sujata DeHart Management and Technical Services Division Assistant Director and Division Manager Mary Augusta Thomas Management Services Office Department Head Laudine L. Creighton Personnel Specialist David L. Bartlett Acquisitions Services Department Department Head Lucien R. Rossignol Special Collections Department Department Head and Exhibitions Officer William E. Baxter Preservation Services Department Department Head Susan F. Blaine Conservator Clare Dekle Conservator Janice Stagnitto Ellis Cataloging Services Department Department Head Sherry Kelley Cataloging Project Manager Victoria Avera Librarian-Cataloguers Thomas Baker Lowell Ashley Carolyn Hamilton Suzanne Pilsk Margaret A. Sealor Special Collections Cataloguer Diane Shaw Catalogue Management Manager Sheila Riley Research Services Division Assistant Director and Division Manager Bonita D. Perry Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum Branch Branch Librarian Stephen Van Dyk Reference Librarian Claire Gunning Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Branch Branch Librarian Vielka Chang-Yau Special Collections Department Curator of Natural History Rare Books and Reference Librarian Leslie K. Overstreet Central Research Services Department Central Reference and Loan Services Branch Department Head and Branch Librarian Martin A. Smith Information Access Coordinator Martin Kalfatovic Circulation and Loan Librarian Patricia Lasker Museum Reference Center Branch Librarian Valerie Wheat Museum Support Center Branch Branch Librarian E. Gilbert Taylor History, Technology, and Art Department National Museum of American History Branch Department Head and Branch Librarian Rhoda S. Ratner Reference Librarian Amy Begg James Roan Anacostia Museum Branch Branch Librarian Thomas Bickley National Museum of African Art Branch Branch Librarian Janet L. Stanley National Air and Space Museum Branch Branch Librarian (Acting) Paul McCutcheon Reference Librarian Paul McCutcheon Technical Information Specialist Philip D. Edwards National Postal Museum Branch Branch Librarian Timothy Carr Horticulture Branch Branch Librarian Marca Woodhams Natural and Physical Sciences Department National Museum of Natural History Branch Department Head and Branch Librarian Ann Juneau Reference Librarians Alvin R. Hutchinson Amy Levin Robert J. Skarr David T. Steere, Jr. Anthropology Branch Branch Librarian Margaret Dittemore Reference Librarian Mayda Riopedre Botany Branch Branch Librarian Ruth F. Schaller National Zoological Park Branch Branch Librarian (Acting) Alvin Hutchinson Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Branch Branch Librarian Angela N. Haggins Historian Emeritus Silvio A. Bedini Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service (SITES) Director Anna R. Cohn Administration Deputy Director Lori Yarrish Program Associate Director for Program Frederica R. Adelman External Relations Associate Director for External Relations Andrea Stevens Development and Marketing Director of Development and Marketing Johleen D.N. Cannon International Gallery Director Anne Gossett Smithsonian Office of Education Director Ann Bay Deputy Director Thomas Lowderbaugh Publications Director Michelle Smith Office of Sponsored Projects Director Ardelle G. Foss Assistant Director J. Scott Robinson Administrative Officer Angela M. Lippitt Grant Management Unit Grant/Contract Administrators Kathleen Hindle Karen E. Otiji David R. Short Grant/Contract Specialists Laura M. Mahoney Karen Williamson Financial Management Unit Grant/Contract Financial Manager Ernest Duncan, Jr. Financial Analysts Delores Clyburn Leni Figueiras Financial Specialist Marie A. Rogers Indirect Cost/Audit Analyst Darryl Greene Accessibility Program Smithsonian Accessibility Coordinator Janice Majewski Program Specialist Elizabeth Ziebarth Institutional Studies Office Director Zahava D. Doering 254 Exhibition and Museum Audience Analyst Andrew J. Pekarik Social Science Analysts Adam Bickford Stacey L. Bielick Jean M. Kalata Audrey E. Kindlon Statistician Steven J. Smith The Under Secretary Office of the Under Secretary The Under Secretary Constance B. Newman Executive Director Anna B. Martin Confidential Assistant Constance E. Lykes Office of the Chief Financial Officer Chief Financial Officer Rick R. Johnson Organizational Performance Consultant Jack Johnson Special Assistant John C. Fawsett Secretary Ethel E. Bennett Offzce of the General Counsel General Counsel John E. Huerta Deputy General Counsel James D. Douglas Marsha S. Shaines Assistant General Counsel Rachelle V. Browne Ildiko P. DeAngelis Mildred M. Glover Lauryn G. Grant Elaine L. Johnston Lisa A. Landsman James I. Wilson Associate General Counsel Alan D. Ullberg Legal Assistants Debra Y. Belton William C. Lamborn Mariko C. Murray Moire M. Queen Anne H. Westbrook Special Assistant Lisa B. Bennett Receptionist Fernando J. Arce Management Support Assistant Queenie C. Gray Office of Communications Director David J. Umansky Secretary to the Director Michelle Carr Media Relations, Office of Public Affairs Associate Director Linda St.Thomas Staff Mary Combs Vicki Moeser Hamlet Paoletti Margaret Pulles Cesar Quinones Rachel Sears Publications, Office of Public Affairs Associate Director Kathryn Lindeman Staff Ana Acosta John Barrat Colleen Hershberger Jo Ann Webb Visitor Information and Associates’ Reception Center Director Mary Grace Potter Deputy Director Liz Bennett Administrative Officer Grace Tull Computer Specialist Dana Small Unit Manager, Public Inquiry Mail and Telephone Information Services Katherine Neill Ridgley Unit Manager, Information Resource Division Jane Gardner Coordinator, Telephone Information Services Cordelia Benedict Coordinator, Behind-the-Scenes Volunteer Program Roberta Buchanan Associate Coordinator, Visitor Information Unit Tricia Byrne Associate Coordinator, Visitor Information Unit Sheila Washington Office of Contracting Dzrector John W. Cobert Federal and Trust Contracting Division Manager Lynn Spurgeon Deputy Manager Paulette Pressley Business Contracting Division Manager Ronald F. Cuffe Deputy Manager Lisa A. Keenan Administration Division Manager John P. Howser Procurement Branch Assistant Manager Laura Simmons Travel Services Division Manager Judith Petroski Property and Inventory Management Branch Chie Joseph Swihart Storage, Distribution, and Control Section Supervisory General Supply Specialist Leon Smith Systems Division Manager Theresa Pomeroy Office of Equal Employment and Minority Affairs Director Era L. Marshall Special Assistant to Director McKinley Harris Diversity/Affirmative Employment Program Diversity/Affirmative Employment Program Manager Carol Gover Special Emphasis Program Special Emphasis Program Manager Pauline Fletemeyer Complaints Program Complaints Program Manager Robert L. Osborne Pre-Complaint Program Pre-Complaint Program Manager Angela Roybal Small Disadvantaged Business Utilization Program Program Manager Mauricio Vera Office of Human Resources Director Carolyn E. Jones Assistant Director for Management Support Bernice Abram Manager, Branch 1 Julie Fortin Manager, Branch 2 Chet Henderson Manager, Delegated Examining Unit Eldora Womack Manager, Policy Evaluation Branch Marilyn Beckwith Manager, Labor and Employee Relations Branch Dolph Sand Manager, Workforce Analysis and Systems Branch Christine Michelson Manager, Recruitment, Training, and Executive Resources Branch Noel McCaman Acting Manager, Employee Benefits Plans and Services Branch Michael Johnson Manager, Employee Assistance Program Verdine Frederick Office of Environmental Management and Safety Director F. William Billingsley Administrative Services Branch Branch Chief Deborah M. Becker Fire Protection and Safety Division Assistant Director J. Andrew Wilson Environmental Management Division Assistant Director Rachel L. Gregory Occupational Health Services Division Assistant Director Walter G. Bailey Offzce of Facilities Services Senior Facilities Services Officer Richard H. Rice, Jr. Office of Physical Plant Director Michael J. Sofield Deputy Director Vacant Special Assistant to the Director William Thomas Financial Management Officer Sherell Vucci Architectural History and Historic Preservation Associate Director Cynthia R. Field Crafts Services Division Assistant Director Judie Cooper Construction Management Division Assistant Director Derek Ross Facilities Planning Division Assistant Director Harry Rombach Engineering and Design Division Associate Director Lawrence Stuebing Horticulture Services Division Assistant Director Nancy Bechtol Project Management Division Assistant Director Sheryl Kolasinski Utilities Operations and Maintenance Division Assistant Director Howard L. Wink, Jr. Office of Protection Services Director David F. Morrell Deputy Director, Operations Thomas H. Bresson Associate Director, Administration Susan T. Tracey Smithsonian Magazine Publisher Ronald C. Walker 256 Editor Don Moser | Board of Editors Constance A. Bond Kathleen Burke Jim Doherty Timothy Foote Marlane A. Liddell Sally Scort Maran Edgar Rich John P. Wiley, Jr. Associate Publisher, Advertising David C. Cator Associate Publisher, Circulation Liberta Abbondante Associate Publisher, Administration Carey O. Randall Director of Production E. Cherry Doyle Publisher Emeritus Joseph J. Bonsignore Founding Editor and Publisher Edward K. Thompson The Smithsonian Associates Director Mara Mayor Deputy Director Barbara S. Tuceling Associate Director for Educational and Cultural Programs Carol Bogash Associate Director for Marketing and Membership Holly Dell Tyler Resident Associates Program Program Managers Faye Dale Browning Penelope Dann Binney Levine Senior Programmers Stephen Diamond Chery! Taylor Study Tours and Seminars Program Manager Amy Kotkin Deputy Program Manager Prudence Clendenning Senior Program Coordinators Karen Gray MaryBeth Mullen Barbara York Affiliated Organizations The John EF. Kennedy Center For The Performing Arts Chairman James A. Johnson President Lawrence J. Wilker Executive Vice President J. Kevin McMahon General Counsel William B. Becker Director, Government Liaison Shelley R. Feist Chief Financial Officer Leslie Simon Vice President, Facilities Clifton B. Jeter Vice President, Education Derek Gordon Director, Theater Programming Max Woodward Board Assistant Secretary Charlotte Woolard Executive Director, National Symphony Orchestra Richard Hancock National Gallery of Art Director Earl A. Powell Deputy Director Alan Shestack Treasurer Ann R. Leven Administrator Darrell R. Willson External Affairs Officer Joseph J. Krakora Secretary and General Counsel Philip C. Jessup, Jr. Reading Is Fundamental, Inc. Chairman of the Board Lynda Johnson Robb President and CEO William E. Trueheart Vice President and Chief Operating Officer James H. Wendorf Chief Financial Officer Christina Dykstra Mead Director of Development Susan Beaudette Director, Systems, Computer, and Support Operations Don Perron Comptroller Oriente Arzadon Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Director Charles Blitzer Deputy Director Samuel F. Wells, Jr. Deputy Director for Planning and Management Dean W. Anderson Budget and Fiscal Officer Ronnie M. Dempsey Director of Development and External Affairs Moira E. Egan Director of Fellowships Ann C. Sheffield Director of DIALOGUE George L. Seay Librarian Zdenek V. David Division of International Srudies Director Robert S. Litwak Director. East European Studies John R. Lampe Director, Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies Blair A. Ruble Director, Latin American Program Joseph S. Tulchin Director. West European Studies Samuel F. Wells, Jr. Division of United States Studies Director Michael J. Lacey Division of Historical, Cultural, and Literary Studies Director James M. Morris The Woodrow Wilson Center Press Director of Publications Joseph F. Binley The Wilson Quarterly Editor Jay Tolson Publisher Kathy Read Donors to the Smithsonian Institution in Fiscal Year 1997 The Board of Regents and the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution join with the entire staff in thanking all of the Institution’s friends for the generosity they have shown with their financial support, gifts to the collec- tion, and in-kind donations. Gifts are recorded under the title of the recipient bureau or office, with a brief description of the gift where ap- propriate. If perchance the name of any donor has been omitted from these lists, it is an inadvertence and in no way diminishes the Institution’s gratitude. Many gifts were received from donors who prefer to remain anonymous; the Smithsonian wishes to thank these people, as well, for their SUPpPoOrt. Anacostia Museum and Center for African American History and Culture Donors to the Collection Joyce B. Nixon. Quilt square. 1996 St. John Christian Methodist Episcopal Church, Washington, D.C. Altar rail. ca. 1970 Donors of Financial Support $500,000 or more Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery The Lilly Endowment, Inc. $25, 000 or more . Donors to the Collections— Freer Gallery of Art Freddie Mac Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Willard Clark. In honor of the 75 Anniversary of the Freer Gal- lery of Art. Ariwara no Narihira, by $10, 000 or more The Smithsonian Institution’s Special Exhibition Fund Sumiyoshi Gukei (1631-1705), Japan, Edo period, late 17th-early 18th cen- 258 tury, hanging scroll, ink and color on silk with ivory roller knobs (F1997.9). Mr. Kenneth Folger Crafts. Susano’o no Mikoto Slaying a Dragon, by Kimura Ritsugaku (1827-1890), Japan, Meiji era, 1890, hanging scroll, ink, color, and gold on silk with wood roller knobs (F1997.10). Peggy and Richard Danziger, in honor of Dr. Kurt and Alice Gitter. Bodhid- harma, by Fugai Ekun (1568-1650), Japan, Edo period, 17th century, hanging scroll, ink on paper (F1997.12). Mrs. Evelyn C. Lazzari, in memory of Pietro Lazzari. Capturing Horses at Koganehara, Japan, Edo period, mid- 19th century, hand scroll, ink and color on silk with wood roller knobs (F1997.1). Brigadier General Hal C. Pattison and Cleda Woodworth Pattison. Scholar in a Landscape, by Nakajima Raisho (1796-1871), Japan, Meiji era, 1883, hanging scroll, ink and color on silk (F1996.34). Donors to the Collection— Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Anonymous. Group of nine 2oth- century Japanese prints: Treetop (blue), by Hoshi Joichi (born 1913), Japan, 1973, woodblock print, ink on paper (S1996.64). Big Tree—Early Spring, by Hoshi Joichi (born 1913), Japan, 1978, woodblock print, ink on paper (S1996.65). Moss Garden—Bam- boo, by Clifton Karhu (born 1927), United States, 1968, woodblock print, ink on paper (S1996.66). Horyuji To (Pagoda of Horyuji), Kawada Kan (born 1927), Japan, 1973, stencil print, ink on paper (S1996.67). Temple, by Saito Kiyoshi (born 1907), Japan, undated, woodblock print, ink on paper (S1996.68). Gate Kamakura (A), by Saito Kiyoshi (born 1907), Japan, 1972, woodblock print, ink on paper (S1996.69). Izuka Spa, by Sekino Jun’'ichiro (born 1914), Japan, un- dated, woodblock print, ink on paper. (S1996.70). Birth in Green, by Tajima Hiroyuki (1911-1984), Japan, 1970, woodblock print, ink on paper ($1996.71). Karasuma Street, by Clif ton Karhu (born 1927), United States, 1970, woodblock print, ink on paper, (S1996.72). Linda Banish. Scene from a Kabuki Drama, by Toyohara Kunichika (1835- 1900), Japan, 1865, woodblock print triptych, ink and color on paper (S1997.40a-c). Mr. and Mrs. John B. Bunker, in memory of Dr. Edith Porada. Group of twelve Luristan pins and harness trappings, Iran, 2d-1st millenium B.C., bronze (S1996.73-.84). Norman and Carolyn K. Carr. The Dis- ciples of Christ at the Sea of Tiberias and The Annunciation of the Birth of Christ to the Shepherds. by Watanabe Sadao (born 1913), Japan, stencil prints, ink on paper (S1996.95-.96) William E. Harkins. Group of twenty- one prints by Shibata Zeshin (1807— 1891), Japan, 1875-1890, woodblock prints, ink on paper (S1996.85.1-.12 through $1996.94). Mr. and Mrs. Osborne Hauge. Group of fifty vessels, Thailand (formerly Khmer Empire), toth—13th century, glazed stoneware (S1996.107-.156). Mr. and Mrs. Victor Hauge. Group of thirty vessels, Thailand (formerly Khmer Empire), 1oth—13th century, glazed stoneware (S1996.157-.186). Kappy Hendricks. Group of four prints by Namiki Hajime (born 1947), Japan, 1995-1996, woodblock prints, color, zinc, gold, and other metallic pigment on paper (S1997.18-.21). Walter L. Hill. Lake Yamanaka, by Yoshida Hiroshi (1876-1950), Japan, 1929, woodblock print, ink on paper (S1996.106). Ann and Gilbert Kinney. Doll Festival, by Shinohara Ushio (born 1934), Japan, 1974, silkscreen, triptych, ink on paper (S1996.63a-c). Kathryn and Clarence Kubichek, in memory of Gladys Scott. Group of ten vessels, Iran, 2d—ist millenium B.C., ceramic and bronze (S1997.1- -10). Ambassador and Mrs. William Leon- hart—the Daval Foundation. Un- titled print (John James Audubon finding his watercolors destroyed by a rat), Japan, Meiji era (1868-1912), woodblock print, ink on paper (S1996.97). C. P. Lin. Vase with landscape and poem, China, Jingdezhen, Qing dynasty, Kangxi period (1662-1722), porcelain with clear glaze and enamels (S1997.12ab). Joan and Frank Mount. Group of eight vessels, Iran, Ist millenium B.C., earthenware (S1996.98-.105). Archur M. Sackler Foundation. Tomb- guardian creature, China, Tank Dynasty, ca. 700-740, lead-glazed earthenware ($1997.25). Head of the Buddha, China, probably Longmen, Tang Dynasty, late 7th- early 8th century, limestone ($1997.26). Tray, China, probably 1sth century, lac- quer on wood, brass, and mother-of- pearl (S1997.34). Plate, China, Ming dynasty, late 14th century, carved lacquer on wood (S1997-35). Small table/stand, China, 15th century or later, carved lacquer on wood (S1997.36). Dish, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, late 18th century, lacquer and brass ($1997.37). Else Sackler Foundation. Tomb-guar- dian creature, China, Tang Dynasty, ca. 700-740, lead-glazed earthen- ware (S1997.24). Masami Teraoka. New Waves Series/Malibu Woman by Masami Teraoka (born 1936), Japanese- American, 1992, watercolor on paper ($1997.29). Donors of Financial Support— Freer Gallery of Art $50,000 or more The Getty Grant Program $10,000 or more Duron Paints and Wallcoverings The Island Fund at the New York Community Trust Samuel H. Kress Foundation $5, 000 or more Ellen Bayard Weedon Foundation Mary S. Morain Kathleen A. Preciado $1,000 or more Mr. and Mrs. Peter Andrews Mr. and Mrs. Peter F. Drucker Dr. and Mrs. Robert S. Feinberg Mr. and Mrs. Adolph Herseth Mr. and Mrs. William R. Loomis, Jr. Ralph E. Ogden Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Willard G. Clark $500 or more Mrs. Nien Cheng Mr. and Mrs. Robert C. Liotta Dr. and Mrs. Kenneth X. Robbins $100 or more Don D. Cadle David King and Associates, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. William R. Jentes Sue Fay King Mr. and Mrs. Donald A. Koss Ingrid Rose Company Limited Mrs. Gam B. Louie Bridget Sisson Warren Unna Mr. and Mrs. Michael P. Weinreb Donors of In-Kind Support— Freer Gallery of Art/Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Air India Morrison-Clark Hotel Willard Inter-Continental Mr. Bruce Young Donors of Financial Support-— Arthur M. Sackler Gallery $50, 000 or more Mr. and Mrs. Richard M. Danziger Smithsonian Institution Special Exhibition Program $10, 000 or more The A.M.S. Foundation for the Arts, Sciences, and Humanities Anonymous J.P. Morgan and Company, Inc. S.1. Women’s Committee $1, 000 or more The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Erwin Harris Hinduja Foundation Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office Dr. and Mrs. Gregory T. Kruglak John Mojdehi Mr. and Mrs. Barry Pierce $500 or more Emma C. Bunker Mr. and Mrs. Nathan J. Stark $100 or more Lloyd Thomas and Ball, Inc. The Hon. and Mrs. James R. Lilley Errol D. McLenaghan Lucia B. Pierce Donors of Financial Support-— Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery $1, 000 or more Christie, Manson and Woods Interna- tional, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. H. R. Slusser Friends of Asian Arts Donors of Financial Support $10, 000 or more (Sponsors) Goldman, Sachs and Co. Medical and Science Communications Development Corporation The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation 260 $5, 000 or more (Founders’ Circle) Harriett Ames Charitable Trust The Hon. Max N. Berry Mrs. Jackson Burke Mr. and Mrs. Roger E. Covey Mr. and Mrs. Hart Fessenden Mr. and Mrs. Noriyoshi Horiuchi Mr. and Mrs. James J. Lally Edmund J. Lewis, M.D. Dr. Carol Master and Dr. Sherry Mayrent Mrs. John A. Pope Mr. and Mrs. Arthur F. Sackler Dr. Elizabeth A. Sackler and Mr. Frederic Berner $2, 500 or more (Director's Circle) Mrs. James W. Alsdorf Mr. and Mrs. William Beierwaltes Dr. Victoria Chan-Palay Mr. Torkom Demirjian and Ms. Dany Kornfeld Mrs. Myron S. Falk Mr. and Mrs. George J. Fan Dr. Kurt A. Gitter and Ms. Alice R. Yelen Sir Joseph E. Hotung Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert H. Kinney Le. Col. And Mrs. William K. Konze Mr. and Mrs. R. Robert Linowes Mr. and Mrs. Yo-Yo Ma Mr. and Mrs. Herbert S. Miller Mr. and Mrs. David M. Osnos Dr. and Mrs. David L. Raphling Mr. and Mrs. Douglas F. Reeves Dr. and Mrs. Kenneth X. Robbins Karol Kirberger Rodriguez Mrs. Else Sackler Mrs. Diane Schafer Mr. and Mrs. Roy A. Schotland Mr. and Mrs. H. R. Slusser Robert C. Tang, Q.C. $1,000 or more (Patrons’ Circle) Dr. and Mrs. Bruce Alberts Mr. and Mrs. Steven Ames Mr. and Mrs. David Austern Ms. Susanne K. Bennet Mr. and Mrs. John T. Bennett Mr. and Mrs. Dries Blitz Mr. and Mrs. John B. Bunker Mr. and Mrs. Howard Burpee Mrs. Nien Cheng Mr. and Mrs. Willard G. Clark Mr. Thomas Colville Mme. Gisele Croes Mr. and Mrs. John R. Curtis, Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Laurence S. Cutler Mr. and Mrs. Curtis Cutter Mr. and Mrs. Richard M. Danziger Mr. and Mrs. Arun K. Deva Mr. and Mrs. John L. Eastman Mr. Robert H. Ellsworth Mr. and Mrs. Giuseppe Eskenazi Dr. and Mrs. Robert S. Feinberg Dr. and Mrs. Horace Z. Feldman Ms. Ellen L. Frost and Mr. William F. Pedersen Mr. and Mrs. Donald Gavin Dr. Margaret Goodman and Mr. Richard Goodman The Hon. C. Boyden Gray Dr. and Mrs. Galen Hallick Mr. and Mrs. Erwin Harris The Hon. and Mrs. Richard M. Helms Ms. Sondra M. Henderson Mr. John B. Henry and Ms. Ann Crittenden Mr. Koji Higashiyama Mrs. Rolf Jacoby Mr. and Mrs. Philip C. Jessup, Jr. Ms. Shirley Z. Johnson and Mr. Charles Rumph Mr. and Mrs. Stanton Jue . Mr. and Mrs. Ramesh C. Kapoor Mr. Subhash Kapoor Mrs. H. Kaveeshwar Ms. Marie-Louise Kennedy Ms. Miriam Kent Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Kramer Dr. and Mrs. Gregory T. Kruglak Mr. and Mrs. Jatinder Kumar Mr. and Mrs. Shau-wai Lam Mr. Albert G. Lauber, Jr. and Mr. Craig W. Hoffman Mrs. William Leonhart Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Levin The Hon. and Mrs. James R. Lilley Mr. H. C. Luce and Ms. Tina Liu Mr. and Mrs. James Marinaccio Mr. and Mrs. Peter Marks Mr. Daniel Master Ms. Johanne Master Mr. Steven Master Mr. Takeo Mayuyama Mr. Terence McInerney Dr. Allen M. Mondzac Mr. and Mrs. Seymour Moskowitz Mr. and Mrs. David Newman Dr. and Mrs. Stanton P. Nolan Mr. and Mrs. Lucio A. Noto Ms. Machiko Oyama and Mr. Toshihiko Okoshi Mr. and Mrs. William H. Peters Lt. Colonel and Mrs. Joseph T. Pisciotta Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Poster Mr. and Mrs. Thomas J. Pritzker Mr. and Mrs. Howard Rogers Miss Hana Sackler Miss Maile Sackler Mr. Malcolm Sackler Dr. Marietta L. Sackler Miss Neoma Sackler Mr. Michael Sackler-Berner Dr. and Mrs. Rolf G. Scherman Dr. and Mrs. Douglas Schwartz Mr. and Mrs. Iwao Setsu Dr. and Mrs. Robert L. Sherman Mr. and Mrs. Manuel Silberstein Mrs. John F. Simmons Mr. and Mrs. Walter A. Simmons Ms. Laura Smith Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Sokol Mr. and Mrs. Michael H. Steinhardt Dr. Mahinder Tak and Mr. Sharad Tak Mrs. H.W. Tanaka Ms. Nella Taylor Mrs. Emilio Torres Mr. Victor Trasoff and Ms. Barbara Meister Ms. Ellen Van Dernoot Mr. M. Glenn Vinson Mr. Paul Walter Ms. Ute Weatherall Mr. and Mrs. Guy Weill Mr. and Mrs. Franc Wertheimer Ms. Shelby White and Dr. Leon Levy Ms. Doris Wiener Mr. and Mrs. David Y. Ying Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Zucker Center for Folklife Programs and Cultural Studies Donors of Financial Support $100,000 or more Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians Wisconsin Sesquicentennial Commission $10, 000 or more Nick Amster Ford Foundation Iowa Sesquicentennial Commission Ruth Mort Fund SBC Foundation U.S.-Mexico Fund for Culture $5,000 or more Rhythm and Blues Foundation Texas Council for the Humanities $1,000 or more Bob Dylan $500 or more County Records Shirley Gould Guest Services Patricia Loughran Donors to the Collection Arhoolie Records. Approximately 150 CDs donated to the archives. Penny and Tom Morris (participants with the Mississippi Delta program). Hand-woven hoop net made of fiberglass hoops and nylon twine. Net is used to catch freshwater fish such as catfish and buffalo. Clement “Whitey” Shockley (par- ticipant with the Mississippi Delta program). Wooden fish trap made of oak slats and used to catch freshwater fish in rivers and tributaries. Sydney Vaughn (participant with the Mississippi Delta program). Three types of turkey calls made of cedar wood: the “hen talker,” “turkey caller,” and “jake talker.” Tampa Wilson (participant with the Mississippi Delta program). Woven hat made of white oak wood. Donors of In-Kind Support Acme Paper and Supply Company. Dis- count on paper products for Festival of American Folklife. Allegro Industries. Six back supporters for technical staff, Festival of American Folklife. Aramark Refreshment Services. Eight cases of coffee and twenty-one cases of crackers for participant hospitality, Festival of American Folklife. Bardo Rodeo. Four kegs of beer for staff, Festival of American Folklife. Baskin-Robbins Co. Ten cases of Chilly- burgers for Festival of American Folklife staff. Best Buy. Four personal cassette players for accessibility use, Festival of American Folklife. Borden, Inc. Two dozen Elmer’s Glue Sticks for Festival of American Folklife. The Brickcellar Inn. Fifty empty colored beer bottles for Mississippi Delta site, Festival of American Folklife. Charret’s Art Supply. Art supplies for design team, Festival of American Folklife. Chattanooga Bakery, Inc. Two hundred moon pies for participant hospitality, Festival of American Folklife. Chesapeake Bagel Bakery. 120 dozen bagels for participant hospitality, Festival of American Folklife. Circuit City Foundation. $150 gift certificate for accessibility use, Festival of American Folklife. Coca-Cola of Washington, D.C. One hundred cases of Coke products for participant hospitality, Festival of American Folklife. Craven's Nursery. Hanging basket plant for the Mississippi Delta program, Festival of American Folklife. Domino’s Pizza, Inc. $50 gift certificate for technical staff, Festival of American Folklife. Dunkin’ Donuts. Two dozen donut holes for volunteer hospitality, Fes- tival of American Folklife. Fox Computer Rental. Loan of one per- sonal computer for staff, Festival of American Folklife. Fresh Fields: Georgetown. Assorted groceries for foodways demonstra- tions, Festival of American Folklife. 261 Good Mark Foods, Inc. Four cases of product for participant hospitality, Festival of American Folklife. Hawai'i Gagaku Kenkyukai. Travel and per diem for five Hawaiian musicians as part of the Sacred Sounds program, Festival of American Folklife. Hechinger Co. $60 store credit for hardware for site construction, Fes- tival of American Folklife. Herrs Food Inc. Three cases of chips and pretzels for participant hospitality, Festival of American Folklife. House of Spices. Basmahti rice for African Immigrant program, Festival of American Folklife. ICI Paints. One hundred gallons of Ex- terior Latex Paint for site construc- tion, Festival of American Folklife. IKON Office Solutions. Loan of a fax machine for staff, Festival of American Folklife. Interstate Brands Corporation. Hostess products for participant hospitality, Festival of American Folklife. James River Corporation. Five cases of paper towels for Festival of American Folklife. Jo-Ann Fabrics, Inc. Sewing materials for demonstrations, Festival of American Folklife. Keebler Co. Ten cases of assorted product for staff, Festival of American Folklife. Kentucky Fried Chicken. $50 in gift cer- tificates for technical staff, Festival of American Folklife. Kraft Foods. Fourteen cases of Country Time Lemonade for participant hospi- tality, Festival of American Folklife. Krispy Kreme. 250 dozen donuts for participant hospitality, Festival of American Folklife. Lance, Inc. Three thousand packages of crackers. Lloyd/Flanders, Inc. Six arbor chairs for Mississippi Delta program, Festival of American Folklife. Manco, Inc. Ten cases of electrical tape and eight cases of packing tape for staff, Festival of American Folklife. McCormick and Company, Inc. As- sorted spices for foodways demonstra- tions, Festival of American Folklife. 262 McGuire-Nicholas Co. Four carpenter’s tool belts for technical staff, Festival of American Folklife. MCI Communications Corporation. Prepaid calling cards for domestic and international participants, Fes- tival of American Folklife. National Geographic Society. Ten maps for Festival of American Folklife. National Zoological Park. Palm frond branch for Festival of American Folklife. Office Depot, Inc. 10 percent discount certificate for products for the Fes- tival of American Folklife. Panasonic. Eight personal cassette players for accessibility use, Festival of American Folklife. Papa John’s International. $50 gift cer- tificate for technical staff, Festival of American Folklife. Parking Management, Inc. Four hundred parking passes for par- ticipants with the African Immigrant program, Festival of American Folklife. Pfaff American Sales Corporation. Con- signment sewing machine and serger for demonstrations, Festival of American Folklife. Potomac Rubber Company. Twenty PVC rain suits for technical staff, Fes- tival of American Folklife. Powerfood, Inc. Five cases of PowerBars for staff, Festival of American Folklife. Price Club. $175 in gift certificates for merchandise for the Festival of American Folklife. Recording Industries Music Perfor- mance Trust Funds. Honoraria for U.S. musicians at the Festival of American Folklife. Republic of South Africa Department of Arts, Culture, Science, and Technol- ogy. Transportation, fees, and per diem for approximately 30 people from South Africa; the majority were participants with the Sacred Sounds program of the Festival of American Folklife, and others were observers of the Festival and other Smithsonian divisions. Ricola, Inc. Twenty-four sample con- tainers of Ricola Herbal Throat Drops for participants, Festival of American Folklife. Rubbermaid Specialty Products, Inc. Twenty 10-gallon water coolers for Festival of American Folklife. Safeway, Inc. $50 gift certificate for food demonstration ingredients, Festival of American Folklife. Sam’s Club. $25 gift certificate for merchandise for the Festival of American Folklife. Shoppers Food Warehouse. $50 gift certificate for food demonstration in- gredients, Festival of American Folklife. Sony Electronics, Inc. Eight Walkmans for accessibility use, Festival of American Folklife. Spectrum Medical, Inc. Loan of six wheelchairs for the Festival of American Folklife. The Stanley Works. Eight 30-foor tape measures for site construction, Fes- tival of American Folklife. Subway Advertising. Six-foot party sub for technical staff, Festival of American Folklife. Sugar Association. Four hundred pounds of sugar for participant hospitality and foodways demonstra- tions, Festival of American Folklife. Swartz and Sons Distributing, Inc. Ten cases of Everfresh Juice for participant hospitality, Festival of American Folklife. Toys R Us. Ten hula hoops for Mississip- pi Delta program, Festival of American Folklife. Tyson Foods, Inc. Twenty-five whole chickens for African Immigrant program foodways demonstrations, Festival of American Folklife. Utz Quality Foods, Inc. Five cases of chips for Festival of American Folklife staff. Wal-Mart. $175 in gift certificates for merchandise for the Festival of American Folklife. Watershed, Inc. Twenty-three Gore-Tex rain suits for technical staff, Festival of American Folklife. Wells Lamont. Twenty-one pairs of leather work gloves for the technical staff, Festival of American Folklife. Wild Bird Center. Purple martin birdhouse for Mississippi Delta pro- gram, Festival of American Folklife. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Donors of Financial Support $50,000 or more Howard and Roberta Ahmanson, Fieldstead and Company Jacob and Charlotte Lehrman Trust IV Jerome L. Greene Foundation Inc. $10,000 or more Anonymous Glen Eagles Foundation The Henry Moore Foundation Lannan Foundation Ellen and Max Palevsky Smithsonian Women’s Committee $1,000 or more Anonymous Embassy of Canada, Washington, D.C. William H. Goldiner, M.D. Helen and Joseph Lewis Fund of the Jewish Community Federation of Cleveland Olga Hirshhorn Jan R. and Daniel R. Lewis Dr. Marvin and Elayne Mordes Philanthropic Fund of the Jewish Com- munity Federation of Cleveland Elliott Pollack Anita and Burton Reiner Donors of In-Kind Support Barbara Gladstone Gallery, New York BBC, London Suzanne Berger Berlinnale (International Film Festival Berlin) Cafe Mozart, Washington, D.C. The Carlyle Suites, Washington, D.C. Disney Enterprises, Los Angeles Donostiako Nazioarteko Zinemaldia/ Internacional de Cine de San Sebas- tian, Spain Embassy of Canada, Washington, D.C. Festival dei Popoli, Florence FilmFest DC, International Film Fes- tival of Washington Goethe Institute, Washington, D.C. Samuel M. Greenbaum Olga Hirshhorn Hotel Ambasciatori/Firenze, Italy Hungarian Film Institute, Budapest Italian Cultural Consulate, Washington, D.C. Jerusalem International Film Festival, Israel Joyce Pierpoline Productions, New York Alfred Kren Robert and Carrie Lehrman Lithuanian Centre for Animation Bruce McDonald Dr. Marvin Mordes Murilo Salles National Museum of the American In- dian, Smithsonian Institution Pogachevsky Company, Los Angeles Rotterdam International Festival, The Netherlands Lisa Shlakman Taormina Arte International Film Festival, Italy Upstart Pictures, Toronto Sheila Zubrod Donors to the Collection Anonymous Gift, Study for “Parable of the Blind, Detail after Bruegel,” 1994, charcoal, graphite, crayon, acrylic, and collage on paper, by William T. Wiley (96.45). Ashlie Benton and Fletcher Benton III, Drop Leaf Table #6, 1991, steel, by Fletcher Benton (96.28). Jacqueline and Myron Blank, Running Fence, Project for Sonoma and Marin Counties, 1975, crayon, pencil, and mixed media on paper, by Christo (96.38). Rena Bransten, Family Portrait, 1995, glazed ceramic, by Viola Frey (96.39). Marcella Louis Brenner (Fractional and Promised Gift), Delta Theta, 1961, acrylic resin on canvas, by Morris Louis (97.1). Margaret A. Buckley in Honor of the Smithsonian Institution's 150th An- niversary, Untitled (May #4), 1979, etching on paper, by Susan Rothen- berg (96.43). Melva Bucksbaum, Shadow, 1984, etch- ing and drypoint on paper, by Jen- nifer Bartlett (96.37.A-D). Robert M. and Patricia A. Donhowe in Honor of James T. Demetrion, Bathers (A), 1967, color serigraph on paper, by Richard Hamilton (96.26). Louis and Lois Fingerman, Face (Casts from “Untitled”), 1974, color litho- graph on paper, by Jasper Johns (97-4). Marvin and Florence Gerstin, Forward, Upward, Round, 1985, acrylic, oil, gesso, and pencil on canvas, by David True (96.16). Leon Golub, The Burnt Man. 1969, offset lithograph on paper, by Leon Golub (96.20). Leon Golub, Combat (1), 1970, offset lithograph on paper, by Leon Golub (96.22). Leon Golub, Winged Sphinx (I), 1972, of- fset lithograph on paper, by Leon Golub (96.21). Robert H. Helmick (Fractional and Promised Gift), Warrior's Arm. 1966, wax, leather, metal, paint, plexiglass, and wood, by Paul Thek (96.34). Robert H. Helmick (Fractional and Promised Gift), Potlatch, 1975, pen and ink and gesso on newspaper, by Paul Thek (96.35). Paul W. Hoffmann and Camille Oliver- Hoffmann (Fractional and Promised Gift), The Angel of St. Adalbert, 1988, wood, fabric, paint, nails, wire, and ash, by Miroslaw Balka (96.12). Paul W. Hoffmann and Camille Oliver- Hoffmann (Fractional and Promised Gift), Untitled (No. 49), 1995, wood, rust, fabric, and mixed media, by Leonardo Drew (96.13). Dale Jansen (Fractional and Promised Gift), Alex, 1991, color woodcut on paper, by Chuck Close (96.29). Jess and the Estate of Robert Duncan, The Hyperborean Expulsion, 1958, oil on canvas, by Jess (96.40). Jess and the Estate of Robert Duncan, Split Field, 1988, oil pastel on paper, by Harry Jacobus (96.41). Gilbert and Ann Kinney (Partial Gift), Kryptos II, 1992, copper and petrified wood, by James Sanborn (96.44). 263 Lannan Foundation, Abstract Figure, c. 1932-1934, bronze, by John Storrs (97-17). Lannan Foundation, Blown. 1973, glazed ceramic, by Robert Arneson (97.7). Lannan Foundation, Carlos. 1979, acrylic on cast plaster, by John Ahearn (97.5). Lannan Foundation, Council of Loure. 1961, acrylic on canvas, by Rafael Coronel (97.8). Lannan Foundation, Insane Authority— Portrait of Dr. Caligari, 1980, oil and cowhide on velvet, by Julian Schnabel (97.14). Lannan Foundation, Penance No. 3 (An- nunciation No. 2), 1982, painted bronze, by Manuel Neri (97.13). Lannan Foundation, Reminiscence of Suzie, 1957, iron and steel, by Richard Stankiewicz (97.15). Lannan Foundation, Study 2. 1988, gouache on paper, by Carlos Alfonzo (97.6). Lannan Foundation, Study for “Equatorial,” 1987, gouache and white chalk on paper, by Vernon Fisher (97.11). Lannan Foundation, Study for “Lost at Sea,” 1987, gouache and white chalk on paper, by Vernon Fisher (97.10). Lannan Foundation, Susan Walked In, 1972, bronze and acidized glass, with steel wire, by Christopher Wilmarth (97.18). Lannan Foundation, Téte—a-Téte, c. 1936-1941, bronze, by John Storrs (97.16). Lannan Foundation, Untitled, 1964, lead and sculptmetal over particle board, by Robert Morris (97.12). Lannan Foundation, Untitled, 1958, oil on canvas, by Edward Dugmore (97.9). Gene Hirshhorn LePere, Playhouse, 1965, lithograph on paper, by Hardy Han- son (96.31). Gene Hirshhorn LePere, Righteous Hand- gun, 1991, oil on canvas mounted on gilt and painted framed wood panel, by Richard Shelton (96.32). Paul Leavitt and Elizabeth Ballantine, Balance, 1972, lithograph on paper, by Richard Serra (96.36). Juan Mufioz, Untitled (Model for “Conver- Sation Piece”), 1994, fabric, resin, and iron, by Juan Mufioz (96.14). 264 Louise Rosenfield Noun in Honor of James T. Demetrion, Tailor’s Flower, 1920, collage, by Hannah Hoch (96.23). John and Mary Pappajohn, Des Moines, Iowa, Citta. 1986, wood, paint, and fiberboard, by Tony Cragg (96.30). Peggy A. Patrick, Blues, 1989, etching and aquatint on paper, by Robert Cottingham (96.25). Anthony Podesta, Untitled (7-84), 1996, oil on linen mounted on panel, by Tom Nozkowski (96.15). Paul A. and Anastasia Polydoran (Frac- tional and Promised Gift), Jim Beam—Caboose, 1986, stainless steel and bourbon, by Jeff Koons (96.27). Mr. and Mrs. Federico Quadrani, Autumn Wind, 1951, oil on linen, by Jess (96.33). Joseph Shannon in Honor of the Smith- sonian Institution's I5oth Anniver- sary, The Fisherman at Seneca Creek, 1986-1993, oil on canvas, by Joseph Shannon (96.24). The Steinmetz Family Collection in Honor of the Smithsonian Institution’s 150th Anniversary, Untitled (Flatiron), 1980, pastel and graphite on paper, by Robert Moskowitz (96.42). National Air and Space Museum Donors of Financial Support $100, 000 or more Cessna Aircraft Company Henri Keyser-Andre Revocable Trust WestPoint Stevens Inc. $50,000 or more Transbrazil S/A Linhas Aereas Tamiya, Inc. Gateway 2000 Pratt and Whitney/United Technologies Corporation Lockheed Martin The Perot Foundation American Gastroenterological Association Bantam Books, a Division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc. $10, 000 or more Reuben Fleet Foundation Fund Dean S. Edmonds Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Philip A. Lathrap Mr. Samuel C. Johnson Mr. and Mrs. John F. Mars American Express Financial Advisors Hughes Aircraft Company The William Penn Foundation Mr. and Mrs. James R. Cargill II Mr. John M. Morss Orbital Sciences Corporation Mrs. Agnes M. Brown eci Telecom Coopers and Lybrand Outdoor Advertising Association of America TC Group L.L.C. National Osteoporosis Foundation Jane’s Information Group National! Retail Federation Inc. Price Waterhouse LLC Air Line Pilots Association International Young Presidents’ Organization UPS General Service Company Egon Zehnder International, Inc. ITT Hartford Paine Webber Roche Laboratories Inc. Rockwell International Corporation Mobil Sales and Supply Corporation General Electric Aircraft Engines Gertrude E. Skelly Charitable Foundation Smithsonian Women’s Committee Hoffman-La Roche, Inc. Jackson and Tull Chartered Engineers The Alvin L. Gray Family $5,000 or more The Boeing Company JLG Industries, Inc. HD Vest Financial Services General Electric Company Alaska State Society American Express Company The Society of American Military Engineers (SAME 97) California Institute of Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory Columbia/HCA Healthcare Foundation The Florence Gould Foundation $1,000 or more Long Island Triumph Association Vice Admiral Donald D. Engen Mr. Paul C. Fisher Sedgwick Re, Inc. Frank Borman Foundation Sportsmans Market, Inc. Occasions Caterer, Inc. Mr. Richard H. Graham Mr. Joe L. Allbritton National Food Enterprises, Inc. Graeme Ferguson CFM International, Inc. Raytheon E-Systems Charles Cunningham, Sr. Textron Lycoming Ms. Doris J. Bates Pratt and Whitney Mr. Walter H. Leimert The Meeting Manager Science Flight, LLC Community Foundation of Western North Carolina, Inc. ITT Industries, Inc. James A. MacDonald Foundation Design Cuisine A.M. Best Company, Inc. San Diego Community Fund $500 or more Mrs. Helen J. McCray Mr. Arthur W. Farr Mr. Richard H. Kimberly Mr. Richard H. Graham Mr. W.E. Cooper Ms. Kathleen M. Ilyin Mr. Najeeb Halaby Mr. Howard Frank Ms. Madge R. Minton Mr. Ernest J. Delmonte Mercury Aircraft Foundation The Frank Foundation $250 or more Wauwatosa Savings Bank Foundation Mrs. Elizabeth D.C. Quinlan Lt. Col. Jack R. Barensfeld, USAF (Ret.) W.B. Weeks Donors of In-Kind Support Gateway 2000. Major Gift of Com- puters in support of Star Wars: The Magic of Myth and office use. Wood Machinery Manufactures of America. Gift of tools. American Hardware Manufactures Association. Gift of tools. Hughes Training, Inc. Hosted a dinner and reception in Houston for the National Air and Space Museum. Eastman Kodak Company. Gift of single-use cameras for Women and Flight Reception. Colortone Press. Design and printing of the 1996 National Air and Space Museum holiday card. Novadyne Computer Systems. Annual maintenance services for computer equipment in “Beyond the Limits” gallery. Paris Chocolates, Inc. Candy dis- tributed to those attending the 1996 National Air and Space Museum Trophy event. Hughes Information Technology Corporation. Five-Year Maintenance contract on Hughes/JVC Video projector. Tamiya, Inc. Gift of 1,200 North American P-51D Mustang 8th AF Models for a Reception. San Jose International Airport— Reception in San Jose for the National Air and Space Museum. Southwest Airlines. Donation of airline tickets. American Airlines. Donation of airline tickets. US. Airways. Donation of airline tickets. Midwest Express Airlines. Donation of airline tickets. Continental Airlines. Donation of air- line tickets. Delta Airlines. Donation of airline uckets. National Museum of African Art Donors of Financial Support $ 10, 000 or more Mr. and Mrs. Milton FE. Rosenthal $1,000 or more Delta Memorial Endowment Fund Professor David Driskell Valerie Franklin Mr. and Mrs. Barry M. Pierce Joyce Marie Sims $500 or more Professor David Driskell John Friede Brian Leyden Robin Martin Noah-Sadie K. Wachtel Foundation Mrs. Frieda Rosenthal Donors to the Collection Anonymous. Egungun headdress, Yoruba peoples, Nigeria, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (96-39-001). Anonymous. Collection of 12 goldweights, Akan peoples, Céte d'Ivoire and Ghana, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (96-42-001.001— .O12). Anonymous. Bracelet, Lobi peoples, Céte d'Ivoire and Burkina Faso, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (96- 42-002). Anonymous. Weight in the form of a porcupine, Akan peoples, Céte d'Ivoire, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (96-42-003). Anonymous. Display object, Akan peoples, Céte d'Ivoire, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (96-42-004). Ernst Anspach. Female figure, Aowin peoples, Ghana (96-38-001). David Driskell. African Form IV, sculp- ture, by Jeremy Wafer, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (97-12-004). 265 John Friede. African Form VIII, sculp- ture, by Jeremy Wafer, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (97-12-008). Michael Graham-Stewart. Sketch for Church Ede, painting, by Sokari Douglas Camp, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (97-07-001). Brian and Diane Leyden. Figure, undeter- mined attribution, Mali, Burkina Faso, or Céte d'Ivoire, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (96-44-001). Brian Leyden. African Form III. sculp- ture, by Jeremy Wafer, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (97-12-003). Robin Martin. African Form I, sculp- ture, by Jeremy Wafer, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (97-12-00). Dr. Werner Muensterberger. Medicine staff (osun ematon), Benin Kingdom, Nigeria (96-29-001). Robert and Nancy Nooter. Female figure, Yoruba peoples, Nigeria, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (96-41-001). Milton F. and Frieda Rosenthal. African Form VI, sculpture, by Jeremy Wafer, in memory of Sylvia H. Williams (97- 12-006). Merton Simpson. The Fisherman and the River Goddess with his Captured Multi- colored Fishes and the River Night Guard, painting, by Twins Seven Seven (97-06-001). Merton Simpson. Figure, Dogon peoples, Mali (97-06-0072). Judith Timyan. Staff, Yoruba peoples, Nigeria (96-40-001). Textile Arcs Foundation, Nancy Hemen- way and Robert D. Barton. Pile cloth, Kuba peoples, Zaire (96-43-001). Osman Wagialla. N-The Pen (“Quaran”), painting, by Osman Wagialla, in mem- ory of Sylvia H. Williams (96-25-003). National Museum of American History Donors of Financial Support $500, 000 or more The Lemelson Foundation Merck Company Foundation 266 $100, 000 or more Alyeska Pipeline Service Company Mr. Scott Chinery Discover Financial Services Merck Company Monsanto Fund Timex Corporation $50,000 or more American Gastroenterological Institute Computerworld Information Technology Awards $10, 000 or more AC Nielsen ARCO Foundation, Inc. Abbott Laboratories Fund Acuson American Society for Training and Development Bernina of America, Inc. Barbara Boggs Associates Inc. Broadcast Music, Inc. Mrs. Dollie A. Cole Genentech, Inc. Florence J. Gould Foundation Hayes Domenici and Nunn Krispy Kreme Doughnut Corporation Lockheed Martin Corporation Monsanto Company Montgomery Watson Americas, Inc. National Automobile Dealers Association New York State United Teachers The Rice Family Foundation Susan and Elihu Rose Foundation Sequent Computer Systems, Inc. Smithsonian Women’s Committee St. Jude Medical Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars Teradyne, Inc. Under $10,000 Mr. Alf K. Adler Mr. Neale Ainsfield Ms. Ann J. Alexander American Association of Blacks in Energy American Quilt Defense Fund Mr. Thomas A. Anastasio Mr. Curtis J. Anderson Mr. John Weir Anderson Apple Computer Inc. Appleseed Quilters Guild Applied Energy Services, Inc. Ms. Betty Louise Bagby Dr. Katharine G. Baker Dr. and Mrs. Wayne L. Barber Louisa B. Barker Wilson Barry and Company Mr. Mark S. Beaubien Albert Beekhuis Foundation Mr. Thomas L. Bell Ms. Freida W. Belyeu Benham Accounting Company Ms. Marilyn O. Benz Mr. Angel P. Bezos Mrs. Gertrude Bloch Ms. Katherine D. Bourne Ms. Joan N. Bowers Dr. Edmund A. Bowles Mr. Jerome F. Brazda Ms. Genelia E. Brodie Mrs. Jane K. Brooks Mrs. Joyce Brown Mr. Joseph P. Buda Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Burton Mrs. Alice E. Buseck Ms. Elaine B. Bye Mr. Hugh J. Campbell Ms. Nancy E. Carlson Ms. Vilma B. Carlson Cembaloworks of Washington Ms. Ruth E. Chesney Dr. Timothy W. Childs Ms. Linda Claussen Ms. Jan McLin Clayberg Mrs. Harriet M. Clem Cline-Lofftus Foundation Ms. Christine E. Coffin Mr. Albert Charles Cohen Ms. Lois M. Cornagie Dr. Ronald M. Costell Mrs. Anne W. Cunningham Mr. and Mrs. Alfred J. .D’Aliberti Mr. Marshall (Buck) Darling Dart Industries, Inc. Ms. Alice S. Davidson Jean Davis Revocable Trust Ms. Ann Dillon Mr. George A. T. Donely Ms. Marilyn F. Drees Mrs. Muriel M. Dreswick Mr. Stanley A. Dubowski Mrs. Lucinda N. Dudley Ms. Dinah Ehrmann Ms. Mary P. Eifrig Energy Systems Engineering, Inc. Ms. Nina Falk Mr. Arthur W. Farr The Federation of AT&T Global Information Solutions User Groups George M Ferris Foundation Dr. Oliver S. Flint Mr. Peter D. Forbes Mark A. Frye Mr. Albert Fuller Mr. Samuel Galewitz Ms. Lois E. Garrison Ms. Nancy C. Garrison Stephen A. Gettinger Mr. Gonzalo Giraldo Ms. Naomi Glass Mr. Edward M. Gofreed Mr. Ralph N. Goldwyn Mr. Edwin M. Good Ms. Martha E. Goodway Mr. John P. Grausz Greening America Mr. Paul L. Grimaldi Ms. Melanie Grishman Anthony G. Gristina Mr. Ralph Guenther Mrs. Leeds Dye Gurney Mr. Sherman S. Hasbrouch Ms. Karen M. Hassmer Mr. Frederick C. Hays Mr. Robert F. Hemphill, Jr. Ms. Mildred Henninger Ms. Pamela C. Heger Ms. Lois M. Hickman Mr. Kenneth H. Hill Mx. and Mrs. Joel Hoffman Mr. Duncan Holaday Mrs. Cynthia A. Hoover Mr. S. G. House Mr. Embry M. Howell Mr. Paul F. Hudrlik Ms. Joan M. Huffer Hunton & Williams Ms. Vivian M. Hutson Ms. Joan H. Jackson Mr. John F. Jameson Mrs. Gloria M. Jensen Ms. Margaret Johnson Mr. William Burns Jones Mrs. Margaret F. Judycki Mrs. Adele Cover Juzi Ms. Gale D. Kaufmann Ms. Anne B. Keiser Ms. Frances J. Kemp Mrs. Mary E. Kephart Ms. Elisabeth S. Kiersarsky King Research Inc. Ms. Rita J. Kirk Mr. Leo J. Klise Mr. and Mrs. Norman Kogan Mr. Dexter M. Kohn Mr. Lawrence Kolp Mr. William C. Kontos Mr. Harold J. Kumer Mr. David Lamoreaux Mr. William A. Lane Ms. Vera K. “Sunny” Lawrence Ms. Patricia A. Leibowitz Mr. Howard James Lewis Mrs. Sarah Lewis Ms. Elizabeth S. Little Ms. Doris H. Lund Mrs. Marian A. Lunc Mr. Thomas MacCracken Mrs. Silvia Maceyras The Honorable and Mrs. Edwin M. Martin Mr. and Mrs. Winton E. Matthews Mr. Bruce Mayor Mrs. Susan S. McConnell Ms. Kathleen L. McDonald Mrs. Gay Meals Mr. Manuel J. Melendez Mrs. Elizabeth R. Metzger Mr. George P. Mueller Mr. Robert A. Munro Ms. Jane E. Murphy NAMSB Foundation, Inc. National Society of Colonial Dames XVII Century Nestle Beverage Company Ms. Jo-Ann Neuhaus Ms. Rochelle M. Nisberg Observatory Property Management Company Mr. Jay Scott Odell Ms. Isobel W. Olcott Ms. Melanie Beth Oliviero Mr. Sidney Orenstein Mr. Lambert T. Orkis Mr. Darwin Palmiere Ms. Georgia M. Park Mr. Gary Steven Patrik Mrs. Patricia S. Paulsen Peace Makers Guild Mrs. Calla A. Pepmueller Mr. Robert D. Pinsker Mrs. Harriet L. Place Mr and Mrs. Irwin P. Pochter Ms. Evelyn Polay Porter-Cable Professional Power Tools Potomac Electric Power Company Ms. Madeline S. Powell Mr. Peter G. Powers Mr. Edward Prince Mrs. Eleanor Quandt Saudi Arabian Oil Company Mr. Edward V. Sayre Ms. Mary Ellen Scharadin Mr. George A. Schmitt Ms. Eleanor L. Schwartz Mr. Stephen F. Sewell Mr. and Mrs. Anatoly S. Shamson Sigmund and Barbara Shapiro Family Fund Mr. John W. Showalter Mr. Arthur T. Silver Mrs. Linda Fuller Silver Ms. Dorothy M. Sinclair Mr. and Mrs. Irwin J. Slesnick Mr. Kenneth Slowick Ms. Paulette E. Smith Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Sraller Ms. Felice Stampfle Mr. and Mrs. James Stangis Mrs. Elvira Clain Stefanelli Jules and Doris Stein Foundation Ms. Hazell Stoll Mr. Gary K. Sturm Dr. R. Gerald Suskind Mr. Fred A. Tarpley Ms. Blenda G. Thompson Ms. Judith L. Tokel Miss Laura Wolcott Triest Ms. Teresa Tyrka Mr. Henry S. M. Uhl Mr. David J. Umansky Mr. Paul Van Fossen Ms. Kerry Ann Van Laanen Ms. Bernardette Vaskas Ms. Virginia Villafranco Emma Vinarsky Ms. Terese M. Volk Von Maritime, Inc. Mr. Nicholas D. Ward Ms. Willa W. Waters Mr. James E. Wesner Mr. Harris K. Weston Ms. Joyce K. Williams Ms. Maude Anderson Williams Ms. Doris F. Wilson Mr. Phillip Winegar Mr. Kevin G. Woelflein Mr. Douglas R. Wolters Mr. S. Roy Woodall 267 Ms. Emily Young Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Zamorski National Museum of the American Indian Donors of Financial Support $500, 000 or more Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation of Connecticut $100, 000 or more Fannie Mae Foundation The Greenwich Workshop, Inc. The George Gund Foundation Mr. George Gund III and Ms. Iara Lee Metropolitan Life Foundation Margaret Knowles Schink Ms. Elizabeth H. Solomon Mr. Eugene Victor Thaw (Eugene V. and Clare E. Thaw Charitable Trust) Turner Foundation, Inc. Zemurray Foundation $50,000 or more Anonymous The Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A. Mr. and Mrs. Victor Kaufman Mobil Corporation Mr. and Mrs. Carroll O'Connor Mr. James D. Wolfensohn (Wolfensohn Family Foundation) $10,000 or more Alexander and Baldwin, Inc. American Stock Exchange, Inc. Anheuser-Busch Companies Bank of Hawaii Mr. and Mrs. James A. Block Capital Re Communication Resources, Inc. Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc. Corning Incorporated Mr. and Mrs. Richard M. Danziger 268 Mr. and Mrs. Charles M. Diker (Valerie and Charles Diker Fund, Inc.) Mr. and Mrs. John Ernst (Richard C. and Susan B. Ernst Foundation Inc.) First Hawaiian Foundation Mr. David W. Gengler Goldman, Sachs and Co. Mr. Brian C. McK. Henderson Mr. Alan J. Hirschfield (Norman Hirschfield Foundation) Husqvarna Viking Sewing Machine Company Mr. Gene qa. Keluche (International Conference Resorts, Inc.) The John D. and Catherine T. Mac- Arthur Foundation Metropolitan Life Insurance Company The New York Times Foundation Company Pershing Division of DLJ Securities Corp. Estate of John S. Pietras Mr. and Mrs. William Potter The Proctor and Gamble Company Mr. and Mrs. Lewis S. Ranieri Reliance National Insurance Company Ann R. Roberts Charitable Lead Trust Ms. Ann R. Roberts The May and Samuel Rudin Family Foundation Tarver Family Fund Ms. Ann Tenenbaum Texaco Foundation $5, 000 or more Estate of Barbara A. Bailey The Chase Manhattan Foundation Mr. Joseph M. Cohen (Joseph and Bar- bara Cohen Foundation, Inc.) Mr. and Mrs. Robert Haas (Colleen and Robert D. Haas Fund) Mr. and Mrs. Steven Kohlhagen New York Mercantile Exchange NYNEX Corporation Estate of Charlotte Salinger Santa Fe Pacific Gold Corporation (San Francisco Foundation) $2, 000 or more Anonymous Aspen Celebration for the American Indian The Honorable Barber B. Conable, Jr. Government of Canada Central Pacific Bank Mr. and Mrs. Robert J. Donner, Jr. Ms. Anne Forbes Estate of William James Robinson The Walt Disney Company Donors of In-Kind Support America West Airlines, Inc. Navajo Nation National Museum of Natural History Donors $ I, 000, 000 or more Apple Computer, Inc. $500, 000 or more Diebold, Incorporated $100, 000 or more W.K. Kellogg Foundation Nippon Foundation Shell Prospecting and Development (Peru) B.V. Andrew W. Mellon Foundation The Summit Charitable Foundation, Inc. Estate of Marion C. Link Mississippi State University Caterpillar, Inc. Cyprus Amax Minerals Company Mr. and Mrs. John S. Hendricks Estate of Helen Katchmar Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey W. Meyer Newmont Mining Corporation Peabody Holding Company, Inc. Phelps Dodge Corporation Public Resource Foundation $ 50,000 or more Chiang Ching-Kuo Foundation National Geographic Society Keidanren Nature Conservation Fund Smithsonian Women’s Committee Mr. Pedro Cuatrecasas ASARCO Incorporated Mr. and Mrs. Robert H. Malott Discovery Communications, Inc. Enron Corporation The National Museum of Korea Mr. Elmer E. Rasmuson $ I0, 000 or more Anonymous Barrick Goldstrike Mines Inc. Orkin Pest Control Dr. G. Arthur Cooper Mrs. Lilly S. Lievsay Ms. Constance E. Boone Aquatic BioEnhancement Systems, Inc. BYK Gulden Estate of Gary Sinclair Dodge Goldman, Sachs and Co. Homestake Mining Company The Ambassador Bill and Jean Lane Fund Park Foundation, Inc. Rockland Research Corporation Toshiba America, Inc. Van Cleef and Arpels, Inc. Stanley C. Tigner Trust Boart Longyear Company CONSOL Coal Group Fluor Corporation Marpat Foundation, Inc. Harry Winston, Inc. Eric and Linda Archer King and Jean Cummings Charitable Trust Mr. and Mrs. Alfred C. Glassell, Jr. Mr. Rampa R. Hormel International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Kennecott Minerals Company South Carolina State Society National Association of Secondary School Principals Bechtel Foundation The Christensen Fund Engelhard Corporation Sumner Gerard Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin C. Hammett Dr. and Mrs. Stanley O. Ikenberry Independence Mining Company Inc. Johnson Matthey Mr. and Mrs. James Patton, Jr. Silicon Graphics, Inc. Trust for Mutual Understanding $5,000 or more Bristol Bay Native Corporation World Wildlife Fund Laura Boulton Foundation Inc. Corporation for Educational Communications Chevron Corporation Council for Advancement and Support of Education IMC Global Operations, Inc. Koniag, Inc. Lilian Scheffres Turner and Dr. Stephen R. Turner Western Fuels Association Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Alan G. Spoon ARCO Foundation, Inc. American Friends of Turkey Arch Coal, Inc. Dr. Herbert R. Axelrod Foundation Degussa Corporation DouglasGallagher Environmental Defense Fund Gamma-Metrics Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Fri Mr. Edward O. Gaylord Harnischfeger Industries Inc. Hicks Charicable Foundation Thomas D. Hormel Trust Kerr-McGee Coal Corporation Komatsu Mining Systems, Inc. Norfolk Southern Corporation Northwest Mining Association Placer Dome Inc. Svedala Industries, Inc. Taipei Council of Agriculture Tamrock Suzanne and Michael Tennenbaum Women in Mining $2, 000 or more Ms. Jane Paden The Nature Conservancy Dr. F. Christian Thompson The Korean Foundation Arco Coal Company Dr. Karl V. Krombein Bateman Engineering Inc. Cultural Resources, Inc. Dr. Roxie C. Laybourne $1,000 or more Dr. and Mrs. David Hess Earth Council Ms. Carol A. Schreter Mr. Gary Schenk and Ms. Betty Anne Schreiber Mr. Richard H. Barnes Arizona Zoological Society Mr. E. M. Bakwin University of California at Berkeley Charles River Associates, Incorporated Mining Industry Council of Missouri Mr. Danforth K. Richardson Warner-Lambert Company Dr. Austin B. Williams Zoological Society of Florida John T. Boyd Company Mrs. Carole A. Aronheim Ms. Valerie L. Amerkhail Mr. and Mrs. Michael Baly III Mrs. Tatiana Dominick Mr. and Mrs. Robert K. Edson Mrs. Gloria Shaw Hamilton Col. George E. Hesselbacher, Jr. David and Pat Jernigan Le. Col. William K. and Mrs. Alice S. Konze Dr. Wayne N. Mathis Mr. and Mrs. David A. Olive Ms. Judy Lynn Prince Edward and Nancy Rice Ms. Marguerite V. Schneeberger Dr. Dwight Smith and Ms. Marillyn Suzuki-Day Mr. and Mrs. William C. Storey Ms. Patricia S. Swaney Fort Mason Foundation Pfizer, Inc. John Nels Hatleberg Osterreichische Gesellschaft fur Herpetologie Edward and Nancy Rice Ms. Bonnie Nelson Schwartz and Dr. David Abramson Ms. Dawn Southern Mr. William A. Argo Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum _ Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians Ms. Elizabeth W. Barton Clark Construction Group Inc. Columbus Zoological Park Association Ms. Gladys H. Fuller Institute for Herpetological Research at the Santa Barbara Zoo Lake Shore Mining Equipment, Inc. 269 The Hyman Levine Family Foundation The Technology Review Zoological Society of Philadelphia National Portrait Gallery Donors of Financial Support $100, 000 or more Novus Services, Inc. $50,000 or more Bayer Corporation Betty Adler Schermer Siemens Capital Corporation Time, Inc. $10, 000 or more American Express Financial Corpora- tion, IDS Advisory Group Discovery Communications, Inc. Marpat Foundation, Inc. $5, 000 or more The Barra Foundation, Inc. Charlotte T. Bordeaux Rosemary L. Frankeberger Alan and Lois Fern Dr. and Mrs. Charles H. Foster The Mayer Greenberg Foundation Sam F. and June S. Hamra The Clarence and Jack Himmel Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Franklin A. Jacobs Mr. and Mrs. S. Lee Kling Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Krueger Thomas H. Maren Evelyn S. Nef Walter Pozen $1, 000 or more The Foundation for the National Capital Region Leslie H. Goldberg Charity Fund Jack Haas Chester H. Lasell 270 Robert L. McNeil Penguin Books USA, Inc. $500 or more Elwyn H. Silverman Donors of In-Kind Support The Newseum. Covered the expense of hosting the National Portrait Gallery Docent Appreciation Night, which included invitations, food, drink, security, and location. Donors to the Collection— Painting and Sculpture Anonymous. Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson, 1864, oil on can- vas, by J. W. King (NPG.96.133). Ernestine G. Carey and Charles Everett Carey, Jr. Cheaper by the Dozen. 1948, oil on canvas, by Andrew Loomis (AD/NPG.97.4). Ernestine G. Carey and Lillian C. Bar- ley. Lillian Moller Gilbreth, c. 1929- 30, oil on canvas, by Frank Stanley Herring (NPG.97.059). Denise Bouch enete asarcee duals, « 1,909 98 36 a 134 2,043 Fellowships:and (Grants: 2.22.00. s bean nnd naan Hees ae a lyre 1,359 al — 1,360 1,537 International Relations: 2. 0 sc cee dice ww ee sealers we 2,269 396 7 31 524 2,793 National Science Resources Center ................004.. 195 349 (4) 56 401 596 MN CIPIOVOSt Geri orci cis cc eels eee ab Sas wees 1,763 1,347 23 — 1,370 3,133 Smithsonian Institution Archives ..................... 1,210 134 40 — 174 1,384 Smithsonian Institution Libraries ..................... 5,999 1,024 43 — 1,067 7,066 Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service ..... 2,696 689 1,500 — 2,189 4,885 SPONSOLERC | PLOJECtS: 6 os ss. se a dc Se ee Sie Eee oe warren — 970 _ _— 970 970 Total Education, Museum & Scholarly Services ..... 17,805 7,045 1,959 146 9,150 26,955 Auxiliary Activities (Programmatic) ..............-..000- 1,607 84 — 84 1,691 AAMETICAS SMMUtHSOMIAN: ,2. ojo eee