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MARCH 1976 ISSN 0303-2515

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FiscHER, P.-H., DuvaL, M. & RaArFry, A. 1933. Etudes sur les échanges respiratoires des littorines. — Archs
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Konn, A. J. 1960a. Ecological notes on Conus (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Trincomalee region of Ceylon. —
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Koun, A. J. 19606. Spawning behaviour, egg masses and larval development in Conus from the Indian Ocean. —
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THIELE, J. 1910. Mollusca: B. Polyplacophora, Gastropoda marina, Bivalvia. In: SCHULTZE, L. Zoologische
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ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM
ANNALE VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM

Volume 69 Band
March 1976 Maart
Part 7 Deel

YABEICERAS (CONIACIAN AMMONITE) FROM THE
ALPHARD GROUP OFF THE SOUTHERN
CAPE COAST

By

EC. KEINGER, W: J: KENNEDY & WW. G: SIESSER

Cape Town Kaapstad

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YABEICERAS (CONIACIAN AMMONITE) FROM THE ALPHARD
GROUP OFF THE SOUTHERN CAPE COAST

By

H. C. KLINGER
South African Museum, Cape Town

W. J. KENNEDY
Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Oxford University

&

W. G. SIESSER
Marine Geoscience Unit, University of Cape Town

(With 4 figures)
LMS accepted 30 October 1975]

ABSTRACT

During dredging operations off the southern Cape coast a bored concretion containing
a specimen of the ammonite Yabeiceras manasoaense Collignon was recovered. The species
had been previously recorded only from the Coniacian of Madagascar and Japan; the occur-
rence extends the geographic range of the species and provides reliable dating for the out-
cropping offshore Mesozoic Alphard Group of sediments of the area.

CONTENTS

PAGE
Introduction . ; ; : 161
Material ; : A : 161
Systematic Palaeontology SIOZ
Acknowledgements : ; 167
References. : : F 167

INTRODUCTION

During dredging operations off the southern Cape coast, undertaken by
the Marine Geoscience Unit of the University of Cape Town, a concretion
containing an ammonite was brought to the surface at 35.06S, 20.32E from a
depth of 110 metres. The specimen was identified as belonging to the genus
Yabeiceras, thus far only described from the Coniacian stage of the Upper
Cretaceous of Madagascar and Japan. Apart from adding to our knowledge
of the geographical distribution of the genus, this record permits a precise
dating of the offshore Alphard Group of sediments in the area. The only other
recorded Mesozoic ammonite from the South African offshore is an Eubaculites
sp. recorded by Dingle (1973: 10), although occurrences of Tertiary nautiloids
were reported by Cayeux (1934) and Miller & Furnish (1956).

MATERIAL

The concretion containing the ammonite consists of a dark greyish-green,
fine-grained quartz siltstone, with a calcite cement. The ammonite itself is

161

Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 69 (7), 1976: 161-168, 4 figs.

162 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

partially filled with sparry calcite, but the greater part is preserved as an internal
mould, consisting of the same material as the concretion. Part of the original
aragonitic shell has been preserved.

That part of the concretion and the ammonite which was exposed at the
sediment/water interface is pitted with two types of borings of Recent orga-
nisms. The first consists of large (up to | cm in diameter) flask-like crypts,
internally smooth, with a constricted aperture. The second is much smaller,
2 to 3 mm across and irregular in habit. Both types of borings show cross-
cutting relationships. The larger may be ascribed to lithodomous bivalves,
the smaller to polychaete worms, and perhaps other organisms. Apart from
a few encrusting ectoprocts (bryozoans) and serpulids, most of which occur
within the borings, no other epizoans are present.

SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY

Family Collignoniceratidae Wright & Wright, 1951
Subfamily Barroisiceratinae Basse, 1947

Genus Yabeiceras Tokunaga & Shimizu, 1926
(= Eboroceras Basse, 1947)

Type species
Yabeiceras orientale Tokunaga & Shimizu, 1926 by original designation.

Discussion

Matsumoto et al. (1964; Matsumoto 1969) have provided recent reviews
of Yabeiceras and demonstrated that it should be referred to the Barroisi-
ceratinae rather than to the Peroniceratinae, as in the current Treatise (Wright
1957: L429).

Yabeiceras is an uncommon genus represented by four species in Japan:
Y. orientale Tokunaga & Shimizu, Y. kotoi Tokunaga & Shimizu, Y. himuroi
Tokunaga & Shimizu, and Y. manasoaense Collignon, whilst Basse (1946) and
Collignon (1965) record six species from Madagascar: Y. magnumtuberculatum
Basse, Y. manasoaense Collignon, Y. menabense Collignon, Y. costatum Col-
lignon and Y. ankinatsyense Collignon. Undescribed species also occur in
Zululand (Kennedy & Klinger 1975). All records of Yabeiceras are of either
Lower or Middle Coniacian age.

Yabeiceras manasoaense Collignon, 1965
Figs 1-4

Yabeiceras manasoaense Collignon, 1965: 84, pl. 452 (fig. 1839).
Matsumoto 1971: 144, pl. 24 (55) (fig. 2), text-fig. 9 (110).

Holotype

The specimen figures by Collignon (1965, pl. 452 (fig. 1839)) from the
Coniacian of Manasoa (Betioky), Madagascar.

YABEICERAS (CONIACIAN AMMONITE) OFF THE SOUTHERN CAPE COAST 163

Fig. 1. Yabeiceras manasoaense specimen 4492 left lateral view x 1.

Material

Sample 4492 from the Alphard Group at 35.06S, 20.32E, and housed
with the Marine Geoscience Unit, University of Cape Town collections.

Description

The specimen comprises just over two whorls of phragmocone and an
incomplete body chamber of slightly more than a third of a whorl. The inner-
most whorls up to a diameter of 10 mm are not preserved. Coiling is very
evolute with an umbilical diameter of 54,6 per cent of the total diameter. The
outer whorls embrace only slightly, covering less than 10 per cent of the previous

164 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Fig. 2. Yabeiceras manasoaense specimen 4492 right lateral view x 1.

whorl. The whorl section of the body chamber is coronate, with maximum
breadth across the dorsal third of the flanks. The venter is ornamented by a
low broad keel, bounded on either side by two equally broad depressions, in
turn flanked by low lateral keels.

Flank ornament consists of a single row of tubercles numbering sixteen
on the outer whorl. On the inner whorls the tubercles are conical to pointed,
and are housed in notches in the umbilical wall of the succeeding whorl. With
increasing diameter the tubercles become more bullate and migrate progressively
from the umbilical suture towards the midflank, and eventually to the dorsal
third of the flanks. Ornament declines markedly on the body chamber.

YABEICERAS (CONIACIAN AMMONITE) OFF THE SOUTHERN CAPE COAST 165

B

Fig. 3. Yabeiceras manasoaense specimen 4492. A. Ventral view < 1.
B. Dorsal view x 1.

166 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Fig. 4. External suture line of Yabeiceras manasoaense Collignon, specimen 4492 at whorl
breadth of 30 mm x 3.

Dimensions

Specimen D Wb Wh Wb/Wh U
AAO Die ets lgak Mane ame es 92,5 34(36,9) DIES (25-2) peleo 50,5(54,6)
Holotype oo ean eee MOS By TK(B}5))) 24(23) 5 51(49)
(Collignon 1965)

Matsumoto 1971 ca er 49 38,6(26) 43,2(29) 0,9 72,4(48)

(Muramoto coll. Ob-S-6-p1)

Discussion

Differences between the nine described species of Yabeiceras are slight,
and well within the range of variation documented in related ammonite groups.
Study of large populations will probably show that most of the described
forms are variants of one or two variable species. Available material is inade-
quate for any constructive discussion of this point, however. The present
specimen compares most closely with Yabeiceras manasoaense, showing a
similar whorl section and ornament which declines on the outer whorls. Dimen-
sions are closely similar to that of the holotype. The larger specimen figured
and described by Matsumoto (1971: 144, pl. 24 (fig. 2)) is virtually identical
at similar diameters, and shows further development of the declining ornament
seen on the body chamber of our specimen.

Yabeiceras bituberculatum Collignon (1965: 821, pl. 451 (fig. 1836), pl. 452
(fig. 1838)) is readily distinguished on the basis of the presence of ventral
tubercles when young, whilst Collignon’s figure shows what appears to be a

YABEICERAS (CONIACIAN AMMONITE) OFF THE SOUTHERN CAPE COAST 167

siphonal row of elongate clavi rather than a continuous keel at this diameter,
whilst the adult body chamber is remarkably smooth and constricted.

Yabeiceras magnumbilicatum (Basse) (1946: 73, fig. 2, pl. 2 (figs 2a—b);
Collignon 1965: 82, pl. 451 (fig. 1836)) has larger, coarser umbilical nodes, a
contracted, virtually smooth body chamber, and far more involute coiling
(U = 35 per cent of diameter).

Y. costatum Collignon (1965: 87, pl. 454 (fig. 1841)) is a costate, rather
than tuberculate species, with 26-28 ribs per whorl, as is Y. ankinatsyense
Collignon (1965: 87, pl. 454 (fig. 1842)).

Y. menabense Collignon (1965: 86, pl. 453 (fig. 1840)) is characterized by
a very depressed whorl section, evolute coiling and 12-15 massive tubercles
per whorl.

Y. magnumbilicatum, Y. bituberculatum and Y. manasoaense are contempo-
raries, as are Y. menabense, Y. costatum and Y. ankinatsyense. It is difficult to
see these as more than one, or perhaps two species, whilst the Y. costatum
group is scarcely distinguishable from the type species, Y. orientale or the
costate Y. himuroi and Y. kotoi (Tokunaga & Shimizu 1926).

Occurrence:

Y. mansoaense is recorded from the Lower to Middle Coniacian of Japan
and the Middle Coniacian Kossmaticeras theobaldianum/Barroisiceras onila-
hyense Zone of Madagascar. In Zululand related, but as yet undescribed, forms
occur in the St. Lucia Formation in the second division of the Coniacian,
associated with Forresteria alluaudi (Boule, Lemoine & Thevenin), Proplacen-
ticeras spp. and other forms, again suggesting an early Coniacian age.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We should like to express our thanks to the Marine Geoscience Unit for
placing the material and data at our disposal. Thanks are due to Mr Neville
Eden for the photography.

REFERENCES

Basse, E. 1946. Sur deux ammonites nouvelles du Coniacien du Sud-ouest de Madagascar:
Subbarroisiceras n.g. mahafalense n. sp. et Eboroceras n.g. magnumbilicatum n. sp.—
Bull. Soc. géol. Fr., 5 ser, 16: 71-76, pl. 2.

Basse, E. 1947. Les peuplements malgachés de Barroisiceras.—Ann. Paléont. 33: 99-178,
pl. 1(7)-9(15).

Cayveux, L. 1934. The phosphatic nodules of the Agulhas Bank.—Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 31:
105-135, pls 32-35.

COLLIGNON, M. 1965. Atlas des fossiles caracteristiques de Madagascar (Ammonites). 13
(Coniacien). Tananarive: Service Geologique.

DINGLE, R. V. 1973. Post-Palaeozoic stratigraphy of the eastern Agulhas Bank, South African
continental margin. — Mar. Geol. 15: 1-23.

KENNEDY, W. J. & KLINGER, H. C. 1975. Cretaceous faunas from Zululand and Natal, South
Africa. Introduction, stratigraphy.— Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Geol.) 25: 265-315.

168 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Matsumoto, T. 1969. A Monograph of the Collignoniceratidae from Hokkaido. Part III.
(Studies of the Cretaceous Ammonites from Hokkaido and Saghalien—xx.)— Mem. Fac.
Sci. Kyushu Univ. (D) 19: 297-330.

Matsumoto, T. 1971. A Monograph of the Collignoniceratidae from Japan. Part V. (Studies
of the Cretaceous Ammonites from Hokkaido and Saghalien—xxili.)— Mem. Fac. Sci.
Kyushu Univ. (D) 21: 129-162.

Matsumoto, T., OBATA, I., MAEDA, S. & SATo, T. 1964. Yabeiceras (Cretaceous ammonites)
from Futaba, Northeast Japan.— Trans. Proc. palaeont. Soc. Japan (N.s.) 55: 322-331.

Miiier, A. K. & FurNisH, W. M. 1956. Tertiary Nautiloids dredged near Cape of Good
Hope. — Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 42: 327-328.

TOKUNAGA, S. & SHimizu, S. 1926. The Cretaceous Formation of Futaba in Iwaki and its
fossils. —J. Fac. Sci. Tokyo Univ. (2) 1: 181-212.

WRIGHT, C. W. 1957. In R. C. Moore ed. Treatise on invertebrate paleontology Pt 1, Mollusca,
Cephalopoda, Ammonoidea. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press.

WRIGHT, C. W. & WriGut, E. V. 1951. A survey of the cephalopoda of the Chalk of Great
Britain. London: Palaeontographical Society.

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“iN
3 9088 01206 6346

H. C. KLINGER, W. J. KENNEDY & W. G. SIBSSER

YABEICERAS (CONIACIAN AMMONITE) FROM
THE ALPHARD GROUP OFF THE
SOUTHERN CAPE COAST