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Feast Ser eae et) Bare ite ate one wegen gHitee . - ce Seon wae eeenaens SPA Anat x a eh Pe ears ane Tern et is Sa ans ba ves oe 2 rh arate oe Rea Ueeteites [4 eee * ee Cera Hey pete shy 4 ett war 88 es au p A ae eit aba Ty, fhe ae die Daag aye fata foes bias ¥ hat ot re i ae pate prea A Le ea eA del thee fi fas ee x bd iekste: ste hi wee ‘v Peper eae eeesge a pocroatedat He q Nal eat a oa FI # aed es a a ie rity a Saluva: ee Sa1uVys INSTITUT! Saluvue INSTITUT! SONIAN INSTITUTION NOILOLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S31uvYgII LIBRARIES SM < = << = , ee = @ = = = “| at fy = af = Z se = “yy - z\ = > = > = ~ 2 ei ”) = 2) = ”) Pa S3i1uvugiy LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION SHLIWS a a ui NOLLOLILSNI_ NVIE ~~ \ 4 : = ss S Gj, ff, = ca > = = > E a za a — ae ha Z 2 ag sig es E ‘ey | ep) + as z Hs ow = S z . SHLINS LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI NVIA wn = * Y” te w z = Pal = a eh Ss =<- 2 =| ee =a z = Zz ks 5 9 = 2 NW i 3 eb oO Ba O a Se YO oO =. = i Z fe AN re F ee OR ONIAN INSTITUTION | NOILLNLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS Sal YVYGIT LIBRARIES SMIT : = eee Zz : ny 9 Ly, *% Kemp ~ g : a 5 ma O S ra} eo zZ ny 2 oat z a HLINS S3I¥vVYgI7 LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILONLILSNI NVIN cae 2 @ = ‘w = oo SX be Ps = AO a N f= > ke ‘o > ‘ one > \. Lie =o = 9) ra ee) Ni 1 pi w” ae ” id = ey z . wD Zz 7 ie ONIAN INSTITUTION NOILOLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3IMVYSIT LIBRARIES SMIT = ho (ep) z. 22) a. we Lop) < a\ = ss = - cs NS = : a 2 ut fy Zz & = a ee : 2 pp OX 7) \ w” 7) QD IX Uf wn 3 W™ ZB °E O a3 9 Gv x \. ro) = zZ r 2 “yp = “SX 2 = > = > = 4 > on me 7 2 7 AS ee HLINS S3IuYVYNRgI SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVIA ne Zz a tae : a 2 \ a = o Bip. ox = ow ee pa > > Le S = 5 Por (he = oa a fo ce 4 m S m 2 m n° ef INSTITUTIC INSTITUTIC Saruvug INSTITUTIC ISN! NVINOSHLINS S3I1YVYEIT LIBRARIES NVINOSHLINS S31Y¥Vud SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLIWS SMITHSONIAN s NOILNLILSNI LIBRARIES C4 NVINOSHLINS S3/Y¥VYEIT LIBRARIES oS SMITHSONIAN” INSTITUTION 4 INSTITUTION 3 . k ba f oe AN GS fli, NEE, SJIYVUAIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN SJIYVUGIT_LIBRARIE (NSTITUTION NOILALILSNI S3'uYvygl k IES SJiuvag NVINOSHLINS LIBRA NOILNLILSNI NOILN: INSTITUTION SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3IUYVUSIT_LIBRA a n A * n” = w : = 's ._ =. i < = ‘ < = x aay z .S = = x oes = eo) XQ é : 8 g g 2 2 = =p = Z eo s = >’ = >" = xf 2 ais) Aap = rep) za ep) NI_NVINOSHLINS S3IHVUAIT_ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION | NOILN. kt a - a a6 us a ws a _ = a = we a oc a oc a ~.? er a ake - 5 ah 5 = . _ elie O — OT ee = ae" = an =S SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3IuVvVudI7_ LIBRE z re z 9 z a 5 a = wv = 2) ear > o > | = > = : = = = : = @ z : Ais o ILLSN NOILN LILSNI_ S jSaluVUSIT_LIBRA a _INSTITUTION,, : fl = i oe = NS) ~4 = z “ig E 2 = eS Ss ae = eS = ‘ae a: 3 2 wn Ve a ot ey RIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILQLILSNI_NVINOSHLINS S31uvyaiT_ ud = uJ = Sy Hf a - “S , 4 ONG = = < = = = ‘NS < = ! oc 4 Ry a “Yip = © 5 ™ = : a . = 4 2 ae eae HISNI _NVINOSHLINS [SA1YVYEIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 7 NOILN. > Wises \ @ 2 = S ff, = = x3 ke 8 5 = b > = > ae _> e ih = = a ie is +e on) ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM ANNALE VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM VOLUME 67 BAND THE TRUSTEES OF THE DIE TRUSTEES VAN DIE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM CAPE TOWN KAAPSTAD 1976 @ SET, PRINTED AND BOUND IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA BY THE RUSTICA PRESS (PTY.) LTD., WYNBERG, CAPE 852 ANNALS OF THE ANNALE VAN DIE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM VOLUME 67 BAND 67 NEW GENERIC NAMES PROPOSED IN THIS VOLUME Page Agulanthura Kensley, 1975... ee = te ae a = oe de TD Austroarcturus Kensley, 1975 ne Bs = a A ~ eS Bs 40 Chelydontops Cluver, 1975 _.. us te a ne? AG ~ aa fh 8 Flexanulus Debrenne, 1975 .. — ‘s ae aes a me cm ye 4385 Statanulocyathus Debrenne, 1975... ae he = suk ne eg eae 72 LIST OF CONTENTS CLUVER, M. A. A new dicynodont reptile from the Tapinocephalus zone (Karoo System, Beaufort Series) of South Africa, with evidence of the jaw adductor musculature. (Pub- lished June 1975.) DEBRENNE, F. Archaeocyatha provenant de blocs erratiques des tillites de Dwyka (Afrique du Sud). (Published October 1975.) ee aa ais he ts GARDINER, B. G. see JUBB, R. A. GARDINER, B. G. & JUBB, R. A. A new palaeoniscid from the Lower Beaufort Series of South Africa. (Published December 1975.) Gow, C. & MILLARD, N. A. H. Two new species of campanularian hydroids from South Africa. (Published March 1975.) GRIFFITHS, C. L. The Amphipoda of southern Africa, Part 5. The Gammaridea and Caprellidea of the Cape Province west of Cape Agulhas. (Published August 1975.) .. JuBB, R. A. see GARDINER, B. G. JupB, R. A. & GARDINER, B. G. A preliminary catalogue of identifiable fossil fish material from southern Africa. (Published October 1975.) KENSLEY, B. Taxonomic status of the pygocephalomorphic Crustacea from the Dwyka ‘White Band’ (Permo-Carboniferous) of South Africa. (Published June 1975.) KENSLEY, B. Marine Isopoda from the continental shelf of South Africa. (Published July 1975.) KENSLEY, B. Five species of Jaeropsis from the southern Indian Ocean (Crustacea, Isopoda, Asellota). (Published October 1975.) KILBURN, R. N. & TANKARD, A. J. Pleistocene molluscs from the west and south coasts of the Cape Province, South Africa. (Published October 1975.) MANNING, R. B. A new species of Meiosquilla (Crustacea, Stomatopoda) from South Africa. (Published October 1975.) MILLARD, N. A. H. see Gow, C. Nasu, D. S. The morphology and relationships of a crocodilian, Orthosuchus stormbergi, from the Upper Triassic of Lesotho. (Published October 1975) TANKARD, A. J. see KILBURN, R. N. Page 331 441 91 25 35 367 183 363 220 cs Sah a \ Vr iy “ = = = = = = ‘ iy \ = 1% = * . a. Ps ‘ uJ 3 4 P hd 5 i ‘ f - ' ‘ Ss é : , 5 - <” ROR nrs = ’ o> ® — NE 67 PART 1 MARCH 1975 ISSN 0303-2515 4 07. Lg cAPE TOWN INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS 1. MATERIAL should be original and not published elsewhere, in whole or in part. When accepted, copyright becomes the property of the Trustees of the South African Museum. 2. LAYOUT should be as follows: (a) Masthead to consist of Title: informative but concise, without abbreviations and not includingthe names of new genera or species Author’s (s’) name(s) Address(es) of author(s) (institution where work was carried out) Number of illustrations (figures, enumerated maps and tables, in this order) (b) Abstract of not more than 200 words, intelligible to the reader without reference to the text (c) Table of contents giving hierarchy of headings and subheadings (d) Introduction (e) Subject-matter of the paper, divided into sections to correspond with those given in table of contents (f) Summary, if paper is lengthy (g) Acknowledgements (h) References (i) Abbreviations, where these are numerous 3. MANUSCRIPT, to be submitted in triplicate, should be typewritten, double spaced with 2,5 cm margins all round. Tables and legends for illustrations should be typed separately, their positions indicated in the text. All pages should be numbered consecutively. 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Note: no comma separating name and year pagination indicated by colon, not p. names of joint authors connected by ampersand et al. in text for more than two joint authors, but names of all authors given in list of references (b) Full references at the end of the paper, arranged alphabetically by names, chronologically within each name, with suffixes a, 5, etc. to the year for more than one paper by the same author in that year, e.g. Smith (1969a, 19695) and not Smith (1969, 1969a). For books give title in italics, edition, volume number, place of publication, publisher. For journal article give title of article, title of journal in italics (abbreviated according to the World list of scientific periodicals. 4th ed. London: Butterworths, 1963), series in parentheses, volume number, part number (only if independently paged) in parentheses, pagination (first and last pages of article). Examples (note capitalization and punctuation) BULLOUGH, W. S. 1960. Practical invertebrate anatomy. 2nd ed. London: Macmillan. FISCHER, P.-H. 1948. Données sur la résistance et de le vitalité des mollusques.—J. Conch., Paris 88: 100-140. FISCHER, P.-H., DUVAL, M. & Rarry, A. 1933. Etudes sur les échanges respiratoires des littorines.—Archs Zool. exp. gén. 74: 627-634. Konn, A. J. 1960a. Ecological notes on Conus (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Trincomalee region of Ceylon.— Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (13) 2: 309-320. Koun, A. J. 1960b. Spawning behaviour, egg masses and larval development in Conus from the Indian Ocean.— Sull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll. 17 (4): 1-51. THIELE, J. 1910. Moilusca: B. Polyplacophora, Gastropoda marina, Bivalvia. In: SCHULTZE, L. Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im westlichen und zentralen Siid-Afrika 4: 269-270. Jena: Fischer.— Denkschr. med.-naturw. Ges. Jena 16: 269-270. (continued inside back cover) ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM ANNALE VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM Volume 67 ~~ Band March 1975 Maart Part 1 Deel TWO NEW SPECIES OF CAMPANULARIAN HYDROIDS FROM SOUTH AFRICA By C. GOW & N. A. H. MILLARD Cape Town Kaapstad The ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM are issued in parts at irregular intervals as material becomes available Obtainable from the South African Museum, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town Die ANNALE VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM word uitgegee in dele op ongereelde tye na beskikbaarheid van stof Verkrygbaar van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum, Posbus 61, Kaapstad OUT OF PRINT/UIT DRUK 1, 21, 3, 5, 7-8), 31-2, 5, t.-p.i.), 5(1-2, 5, 7-9), 6(1, t.-p.i.), 71-3), 8, 9(1-2), 10(1), 11(1-2, 5, 7, t.—p.i.), 24(2), 27, 3101-3), 33 Price of this part/Prys van hierdie deel R1,60 Trustees of the South African Museum © Trustees van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum 1975 ISBN 6 949940 65 8 Printed in South Africa by In Suid-Afrika gedruk deur The Rustica Press, Pty., Lid., Die Rustica-pers, Edms., Bpk., Court Road, Wynberg, Cape Courtweg, Wynberg, Kaap TWO NEW SPECIES OF CAMPANULARIAN HYDROIDS FROM SOUTH AFRICA By C. Gow Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg & N. A. H. MILLARD South African Museum, Cape Town (With 2 figures) [MS accepted 22 July 1974] ABSTRACT Two new hydroid species of the family Campanulariidae are described from ‘False Bay, South Africa, namely Campanularia pecten and Campanularia roberti. Both are unusual in the form of the gonotheca which is shaped like a bivalve shell. CONTENTS PAGE Introduction . f 1 Description of material 1 Discussion . 5 References 6 INTRODUCTION These two small species were discovered by the first author during the preparation of a project for an honours degree at the University of Cape Town in 1968. Both colonies were fertile and were retained alive in the laboratory until the release of the products of the gonothecae. Microscopic examinations were made of fresh material and permanent stained mounts, a useful technique being to slip an empty hydrotheca onto a fine insect pin and rotate it into different positions. DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL Campanularia pecten sp. nov. Fig. 1 Hoiotype: St James, False Bay, on the sea-grass Caulerpa filiformis (Suhr.), just below L.W.S. Collected 29 March 1968. Catalogue number: SAM H1659. Description Hydrorhiza creeping and reticular, giving rise to solitary hydrothecae and gonothecae. Hydrothecal pedicel smooth, constricted at base, with a single 1 Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 67 (1), 1975; 1-6, 2 figs. pi ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM Fig. 1. Campanularia pecten sp. nov. a, colony on Caulerpa; b, hydrotheca and pedicel; c, hydrothecae, the centre one in end-on view; d-g, sonophores in various stages of development; h, empty gonotheca, side view; i, medusoid, showing from the centre outwards: opening to subumbrellar cavity, exumbrellar aperture, ring of statocysts, gonads on radial canals. TWO NEW SPECIES OF CAMPANULARIAN HYDROIDS FROM SOUTH AFRICA 3) terminal spherule and with thickened perisarc. Irregular nodes sometimes present due to regeneration. Hydrotheca deep-campanulate, slightly compressed, with toothed margin. Marginal teeth generally nine in number, rarely ten, usually narrower than the bays between them, with bluntly rounded apices. Perisarc generally strongly thickened on two opposite sides imparting a bilateral symmetry and an oval cross-section. An annular perisarcal thickening present near base demarcating a spherical basal chamber. Gonotheca borne directly on hydrorhiza on a short, smooth pedicel, scallop-shaped, rounded in broad view, opening around the circumference like a bivalve shell and with one valve considerably flatter than the other, sometimes with concentric ridges on the outer surface of the deeper valve. Gonophore (only male present) eumedusoid, with four radial canals with the gonads distributed along their length, with eight statocysts, without hypostome or marginal tentacles, with a short free-living existence. Measurements (mm) Pedicel, length : : , Seog MS 0,52-1,74 maximum diameter. . : ; ; 0,10-0,20 Hydrotheca, depth A ; 0,51-0,69 diameter at mouth (broad view) oo ie eet 0,24-0,41 diameter at mouth (narrow view) . . .. . 0,30-0,33 Gonotheca, length including pedicel ties, ce te 0,93-1,09 maximum diameter. : 0,68-1,20 Remarks In the early stages of development the gonotheca is oval in broad view, becoming circular later. At this early stage the four branching radial canals are clearly visible, but they become obscured later by the developing gonads. Three eumedusae were released from the gonothecae in the laboratory and were retained alive for 24 hours, during which period they reached a diameter of 0,9-1,0 mm. They performed periodical spasms of contraction. The gonads at this stage consisted of a number of small spherical aggregations along the radial canals and were presumably partly spent. The exumbrellar surface of the medusoid appeared to be pierced by an asymmetrical elliptical aperture. Campanularia roberti* sp. nov. Fig. 2 Holotype: Partridge Point, False Bay, on the weed Sargassum longifolium (Turn.) attached to Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck). Collected 24 March 1968. Catalogue number: SAM H1660. * Named after Robert W. Day, who collected the material. a ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM Fig. 2. Campanularia roberti sp. nov. a, hydrotheca and pedicel; b, hydrothecae, left in broad view, right in end-on view; c-f, gonophores in various stages of development, f showing the branching radial canals; g, mature gonotheca with gonophore containing planulae squeezed out of opening; h, upper view of gonotheca showing concentric ridges. TWO NEW SPECIES OF CAMPANULARIAN HYDROIDS FROM SOUTH AFRICA 5) Description Hydrorhiza creeping and reticular, giving rise to solitary hydrothecae and gonothecae. Hydrothecal pedicel smooth, with a single terminal spherule, with thickened perisarc. Regeneration nodes present in some. Hydrotheca deep-campanulate, slightly compressed, with toothed margin. Marginal teeth generally nine in number, rarely ten, triangular with bluntly rounded apices. Perisarc generally strongly thickened on two opposite sides and more so on one side than the other, imparting an oval cross-section and an asymmetrical appearance when viewed from the broad side. An annular perisarcal thickening present near base demarcating a spherical basal chamber. Gonotheca borne directly on hydrorhiza on a short, smooth pedicel, scallop-shaped, rounded in broad view, opening around the circumference like a bivalve shell, recumbent and held with the flat lower surface against the weed; upper valve curved above, thicker than lower valve, with distinct concentric ridges when mature. Gonophore (only female present) in the form of a fixed sporosac, with four branching radial canals but no other medusoid structures, containing over 30 large eggs between the diverticuli of: the radial canals. Eggs fertilized and developing into planulae within the gonotheca. Measurements (mm) Pedicel length oS Doll ae i a Mr lia ea ea 0,40-2,66 maximum diameter. : f ; 0,13-0,24 Hydrotheca, depth : . : : ; : 0,64-0,88 diameter at mouth (broad view) tar S Se eee ee 0,38-0,55 diameter at mouth (narrow view) . . .. . 0,30—0,46 Gonotheca, length including pedicel . ; 0,75—1,50 maximum diameter. : : : ; : 0,69-1,28 DISCUSSION These two species are clearly closely related. Both belong to the hydranth genus Orthopyxis L. Agassiz, 1862, and Campanularia pecten belongs to the medusa genus Agastra Hartlaub, 1897. These two Benera are now commonly included in Campanularia Lamarck, 1816 (Naumoy 1960; Vervoort 1972; Millard & Bouillon 1974). It is possible that C. pecten is the male and C. roberti the female of a single species, for it is not unknown among the hydroids for sexual dimorphism to occur and for the gonophore of one sex to reach a less advanced stage of development than the other. However, there are certain differences in the trophosome which distinguish the two and which support the retention of two species at least until further material is forthcoming. Thus, the hydrotheca of C. roberti is characteristically asymmetrical, with thicker perisarc on one side than the other, whereas C. pecten has the perisarc symmetrically thickened at the two narrow ends. Further, the hydrothecae of C. roberti are slightly 6 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM larger than those of C. pecten, although there is an overlap between them. Finally the marginal thecal teeth of C. roberti are in general slightly wider than those of C. pecten. REFERENCES MILLARD, N. A. H. & BouILLon, J. 1974. A collection of hydroids from Mocambique, East Africa. — Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 65: 1-40. Naumov, D. V. 1960. Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR.—Opred. Faune SSSR 70: 1-626. (In Russian. Translated by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1969.) VERVOORT, W. 1972. Hydroids from the Theta, Vema and Yelcho cruises of the Lamont- Doherty Geological Observatory.— Zool. Verh. Leiden 120: 1-247. 6. SYSTEMATIC papers must conform with the International code of zoological nomenclature (particularly Articles 22 and 51). Names of new taxa, combinations, synonyms, etc., when used for the first time, must be followed by the appropriate Latin (not English) abbreviation, e.g. gen. n., sp. n., comb. n., syn. n., cfc. An author’s name when cited must follow the name of the taxon without iments punctuation and not be abbreviated; if the year is added, a comma must separate author’s name and year. The author’s name (and date, if cited) must be placed in parentheses if a species or subspecies is transferred from its original genus. The name of a subsequent user of a scientific name must be separated from the scientific name by a colon. Synonymy arrangement should be according to chronology of names, i.e. all published scientific names by which the species previously has been designated are listed in chronological order, with all references to that name following in chronological order, e.g.: Family Nuculanidae Nuculana (Lembulus) bicuspidata (Gould, 1845) Figs 14-15A Nucula (Leda) bicuspidata Gould, 1945: 37. Leda plicifera A. Adams, 1956: 50. Laeda bicuspidata Hanley, 1859: 118, pl. 228 (fig. 73). Sowerby, 1871: pl. 2 (figs 8a—b). Nucula largillierti Philippi, 1861: 87 Leda bicuspidata: Nicklés, 1950: 163, fig. 301; 1955: 110. Barnard, 1964: 234, figs 8-9. 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The Amphipoda.’ Specific name must not stand alone, but be preceded by the generic name or its abbreviation to initial capital letter, provided the same generic name is used consecutively. A. GOW & N. A. H. MILLARD TWO NEW SPECIES OF CAMPANULARIAN HYDROIDS FROM SOUTH AFRICA pio JOLt ME 67 PART 2 JUNE 1975 ISSN 0303-2515 wwe FE , i 2 ; ; | ei is ceo } 9 a : i= = | Ta ee