VuUT vee Aer idee ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM VOLUME XVII, Bern io q a a ~ e Tt a ae - io! a ae ‘ TELL Dae j ‘ 3" A 4 t ey : “ ae | > rf = : = Vine Nad : = j j A ee PAs A ne Bake ~$ef% - ee sp . = “th m5 =~ ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM VO UME OVA. PRINTED FOR THE TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM BY ADLARD & Son & West Newman, Ltp., Lonpon. 1917—1920. r : : ~ , . i] : ; ; a i> Gee A i - _ - ‘ Pe aoa, Y - - j 7 £ a id - say. 2 <) a om ‘ 7 a ee ie Ss ane —_ Py ' - +3 we oY : 7 — oe os — = " = An age = se ita = 7 Mum ir “ bar eg zs r lie fm e : ; v a a : : Puta ‘es ay Tee * Se 7 a o> ° ey # . ; + ; 1. ~~ i] .~ oy n ‘ a ; c) wae ee Tin 6 175 . alas ¥ _ £. ; aig a — ao 5 a a ‘ea = a. Pe yea art o “oy ‘ abe s ay ; ~~ av A TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. The Right Hon. Joun Xavier Merriman, P.C., M.L.A. Sir THomas Murr, Kt., C.M.G., L.L.D., F.R.S., F.R.8.E. The Hon. Jonny WitiiaAm Jaccer, M.L.A., F.R.Stat.S. SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. Lovis ALBERT PERINGUEY, D.Sc., F.Z.8., F.E.S., Director. Sipney Henry Haveuton, B.A., F.G.S., Assistant Director. ArtHurR Lewis Hatt, B.A., Keeper of the Geological and Mineralogical Collections. Kerpret Harcourt Barnarp, M.A., F.L.S., Assistant in Charge of Fish and Marine Invertebrate Collections. RicHarD WILLIAM ErHEeLBerT Tucker, M.A., Assistant in Charge of Arthropoda (Insects excluded). Star GARABEDIAN, B.A. Assistant in Charge of Botanical Collections. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS. C. P. ALEXANDER. PAGE The Crane-flies of South Africa in the South African Museum ee Tupulidae):- “Parti eas © ces oe eee: eee ee . 139 K. H. Barnarp. Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. Part 6. Further Additions to the List of Marine Isopoda. . . . . .... +. 319 T. EsBen-PETERSEN. Two species of Bittacidae (Neuroptera) from South Africa . . . 187 New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa (Hphemerda: Megaloptera and Hmibuidina), 2 2... « 2 --. 9% =» - sae, 409 South African WNeuroptera.= 2) 52) =) «) = gle cals tce COG A. J. T. Jansn. Description of an apparently undescribed Moth of the Family Lyman- tridae (lepidoptera): 9. 2- © 9) Polyhymno . ; : . 4 porphyreuta @Nepricals) ; 5 alg praegemina (Acrocercops) . 5 iy PROTOTHEORIDAE . : a wily Prototheora . : . 6 5 ils) PTEROPHORIDAE 1 Pterophorus . : . 2 oe s salaria (Epaleura) 5 : . 14 sandycopa (Epimactis) sarcographa (Gelechia) : > o SCYTHRIDAE Seythris Sindonophora sinuosa (Spilonota) Spilonota alt tetrasticta (Cr aaa Thyestarcha . Tinea : TINEIDAE . TORTRICIDAE Trichoptilus . triscelis (Gelechia) Vv viduus (‘Trichoptilus) x xanthosarca (Cryptolechia) . XYLORYCTIDAE Z Zygographa . wr wow al Pea! ' ; & Si Lees . 7%. ° = i = oa { 23 ) 2. South African Crustacea (Part IX. of S.A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa).—By the Rev. Tuomas R. R. Sressine, M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.8., Fellow of King’s College, London, Hon. Memb. of New Zealand Inst., Hon. Fellow Worcester College, Oxford. (Plates I-VIII of Vol. XVII. Plates XC—XCVII of Crustacea.) Or the eighteen species here considered, sixteen belong to the Malacostraca and two to the parasitic Copepoda. Three of the plates refer te species discussed in Part VIII of these Investigations, and illustrations are offered of forms named by various authors in cases where it seemed desirable by this means either to establish the identification of the specimens concerned or to give experts a reason- able opportunity of correcting it. With regard to Philocheras megalocheir, described in Part VIII, it is right to mention that Mr. Stanley Kemp in 1912 argued that Pontophilus, Leach, and Philocheras were so connected by intermediate species that Philocheras could not properly be separated from the earlier Pontophilus. It is interesting to remember that for a long time science was engaged in splitting up comprehensive genera such as Cancer into an endless number of subdivisions.. Now, with the discovery of links and gradations, there is a natural tendency to reunite the severed parts. 24, 1857 1875 1880 1893 1910 1911 1916. 1873 1910 1910. Annals of the South African Museum. ’ MALACOSTRACA. Brachyura. Trine OXYRRHYNCHA. Famity INACHIDAHE. Gen. ACHAEOPSIS, Stimpson. . Achaeopsis, Stimpson, Pr. Ac. Sci. Philad., vol. 9, p. 219. . Dorynchus, Norman Wyville-Thomson, Depths of the Sea, p. 174, fig. 34. . Lispognathus, A. Milne-Edwards, Crust. reg. Mexicaine, p. 349. . Achaeopsis, Ortmann, Zool. Jahrb., vol. 7, p. 36. . Achaeopsis and Dorynchus, Stebbing, in these Annals, vol. 6, pt. 4, p. 285. . Achaeopsis, Rathbun, Tr. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 14, pt. 2, p. 247. Rathbun, Pr. U.S. Mus., vol. 50, p. 535. Additional references for the united genera will be found in these Annals for 1910. A. superciliaris, Ortmann, and the little A. suluensis, Rathbun, seem to be closely related one to the other, but well distinguished from other species by the large median spine of the carapace. ” AcCHAEOPSIS THOMSONI (Norman). Plate XC. . Dorynchus thomsoni, Norman, Depths of the Sea, p. 174, fig. 34. Stebbing, Ann. 8S. Afr. Mus., vol. 6, pt. 4, p- 286. Achaeopsis thomsoni, Rathbun, Tr. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 14, pt. 2, p. 247. 7 9 > Among many females laden with ova and smaller males the specimen here figured was conspicuous by its chelipeds strikingly larger than in any other specimen, and with the palm very much longer than the fingers. In other respects there appeared to be no trustworthy marks of difference to justify the naming of a new species. The parallelism or divergence of the horns of the rostrum is certainly a variable character. All the specimens examined, of either sex, have the strongly curved process on the ventral surface of the rostrum 1847. 1915. 1916. 1909. 1911. South African Crustacea. 25 in front of the recesses for the first antennae. In the male the | pleon is bent at the third (the widest) segment, so that the first and second segments occupy a position nearly, if not quite, at right angles with the last three segments. From the second segment nearly to the end of the pleon “there is a raised central lobe. In the,‘female this;lobe begins on the first segment, which is the’ narrowest, while the fifth is the broadest, the sixth also being very broad, the whole forming a capacious bowl for the ova. The male specimen here figured is about 24 mm. long by 17 mm. broad. Locality. Vasco de Gama S. 75° E., 135 miles. Depth 166 fathoms. No. 248. Sent by Dr. Gilchrist. Gen. HYASTENUS, White. Hyastenus, White, Proc. Zool."Soc. London, p.’ 56. Calman, Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 11, p. 313. M. J. Rathbun, Proc. U.S. Mus., vol. 50, pp. 542-548. Dr. Calman explains that it is Pisa aries, Latreille,;which has been referred to Hyastenus, “not Halimus? aries, Latreille (in Guérin), so that the supposed necessity for making Hyastenus a synonym of Halimus does not arise. 29 99 HYASTENUS UNCIFER, Calman. Hyastenus uncifer, Calman, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pp. 705, (12; plo dz, figs26., 9: Halimus uncifer, Mary J. Rathbun, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 14, pt. 2, p. 252, pl. 20, fig. 7. Both authors lay stress on the marginal teeth of the fingers in the ambulatory legs as a distinctive feature. But Dr. de Man in his description of Hyastenus hilgendorfi (J. Linn. Soc. London, vol. 22, p. 18, 1887) says:, “ The ,dactylopodites are armed with a row of acute spinules along their inner margins ; these spinules gradually increase in length towards the tip.” In the specimen which I am, referring to Calman’s species these spinules were completely concealed until} the organism was removed, which covered almost the whole of the upper surface of the body and the fingers with a close, felt-like matting. The skin when uncovered had a satiny, dull red appearance. The horns measured along the inner margin are 21] mm. long, the interval between the tips is 13 mm., and the length from 26 Annals of the South African Museum. the middle of that interval to the base is 18mm. From that base to the foremost median spine of the carapace the length is 8mm., and thence to the hindmost slightly procurved spine 30 mm. Between the tips of the lateral strongly projecting branchial spines the breadth is 36 mm., and between the bases of those spines 26 mm. The breadth at the obscure eyes is 10mm. The length of the chelae (hand and finger) is 17 mm., of which the finger on the left takes 7 mm., the right finger being slightly shorter. The finger of the fifth peraeopod is 8 mm. long. The hindmost spine of the carapace is preceded at a distance of 10 mm. not by another spine or tubercle, but by a very prominent swelling. The terminal segment of the narrow tuberculate pleon of this male specimen is triangular with the tip slightly truncate. Calman states that ‘the basal antennal segment has a sharp spine at the antero-external angle.’ In clearing the coat of the present specimen I may have removed this spine. I cannot certify its presence. Unless the hypothesis be admitted that the relative lengths of horns and spines are subject to much varia- tion, a new species might have to be coined for the specimen here described. Locality. Umsunduzi River, Pietermaritzburg. No. 228. MACRURA ANOMALA. Trinr GALATHEIDEA. Famiry GALATHEIDAE. Gen. GALATHEA, Fabricius. For these systematic divisions see the General Catalogue in these Annals, vol. 6, pt. 4, pp. 349, 360, 362. 1851. 1888. 1894. 1900. GALATHEA INTERMEDIA, Liljeborg. Galathea intermedia, Liljeborg, Ofvers. Vet. Akad. ForhandL, p. 21. + , Bonnier, Contrib. Faune Marine de Wime- reux, p. 44. * re A. M.-Edwards et Bouvier, Camp. Sci. Monaco, Fase. 7, pt. 1, pp. 79, 81, pl. 8, figs. 1-10. 5 3 A. M.-Edwards et Bouvier, Crust. Décap. Travailleur et Talisman, p. 277. South African Crustacea. 27 The late Monsieur Jules Bonnier has given (loc. cit.) an elabo- rate bibliography of this small species. The specimen which I now assign to it was without the first and second peraeopods, and the third and fourth, though present on one side, were only in a state of recuperation. It was otherwise in good condition and probably adult, the carapace being 8 mm. long, therefore near to the size of 9 mm., which Bonnier gives as its measure- ment in an adult male. There are some slight differences in detail. Behind the rostral region on the median line of the carapace Bonnier gives only a couple of spinules placed trans- versely. In the African specimen there are four. The eyes are rather stouter. In the first antennae the two sharp prolonga- tions of the characteristic basal joint have each below the apex a long spine which reaches well beyond the apex of the prolonga- tion, in place of the seta which in Bonnier’s figure does not reach the apex. Bonnier finds the telson divided into two symmetrical halves by the distal groove. The African specimen shows a slight inequality in the two lobes. ‘These small variations, apart from possible differences in the missing peraeopods, can have no specific importance, since the mouth-organs as well as the size and superficial details all conform to the northern standard. Locality. Seal Island, W.S.W. (Mossel Bay). No. 238. MACRURA GENUINA. Trisg THALASSINIDEA. Famity AXIIDAE. Gen. CALOCARIS, Bell. Catocaris aLcocki, McArdle. Plate XCI. (The discussion of this species appeared last year (1915) in these Annals, vol. 15, pt. 2, p. 59.) Trine ERYONIDEA. (See General Catalogue of S.A. Crustacea, p. 377.) Famity ERYONIDAE. 1910. Eryonidae, Stebbing, Ann. S.A. Mus., vol. 6, pt. 4, p. oie 1914, is Selbie, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., pt. 1, p. 8. 1916. <= de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a’, p. 1. 1862. 1912. 1914. 1916. 1908. 1910. Annals of the South African Museum. Dr. de Man now assigns to this family the genera Polycheles, Heller, 1862, Willemoesia, Grote, 1873, Eryoneicus, Bate, 1882, Stereomastis, Bate, 1888, and gives lists of all the species to be apportioned to these genera respectively. He considers that Aleock was right in distinguishing the two groups which he named Polycheles and Pentacheles, but that his Polycheles should properly be identified with Bate’s Stereomastis and that Pentacheles, Bate, 1878, should lapse as a synonym of Heller’s Polycheles. Gen. POLYCHELES, Heller. Polycheles, Heller, Sitz. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 45, p. 389. _ (part), Kemp and Sewell, Records Indian Mus., vol. 7, pt. 1, no. 2, p. 23. P 4 Selbie, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., pt. 1, ps 2: x de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a’, p. 1. As characters for the genus Dr. de Man proposes the follow- ing: The thoracic legs, except the last pair, provided with epipods, normal but varying in length; the epipod of the third maxillipeds also of variable size, but, so far as known, rudi- mentary only in P. tanneri, Faxon; the lateral borders of the carapace commonly armed with more than twenty spines, except in the small and probably juvenile form, P. obscurus (Bate) ; the median dorsal carina of the carapace usually double, granu- lated, rarely nodulated, and in most cases presenting no definite small number of spines, being often traversed by bead-like tubercles or granulations or covered with crowded spinules ; the first abdominal tergum, finally, is probably never armed with the two small spines at and near the outer ends of the anterior border, that generally occur in the species of Stereo- mastis. POLYCHELES DEMANI, 0. sp. Plate XCII. Polycheles beaumontii (?), Stebbing, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 6, pt. 1, p. 25. % is (?), Stebbing, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 6, pt. 4, p. 377. In naming this species after my friend Dr. de Man I now accept the opinion expressed in his latest very valuable work, South African Crustacea. 29 in which he agrees with the late Mr. C. M. Selbie, that this form is distinct from Alcock’s P. beawmontii and the P. granu- latus, Faxon, In common with Miss Rathbun, those authors regard P. beawmontii as a synonym of Faxon’s species. In 1908 I gave some particulars of a male and of a female specimen, both taken in localities near to that from which the female now figured was obtained. The measurements are very similar, the length from the base of the rostral spines to apex of telson being 130 mm.; but from the foremost lateral spine to a point parallel with the tip of the telson the interval is 138 mm.; greatest breadth of carapace 51 mm.; the length of the telson detached is 26 mm. The longer flagellum of the first antenna measured 78 mm., its companion about 22 mm.; the flagellum of the second antenna was 70 mm. long. The lateral teeth of the carapace form sets of 7, 4, and 20 or 21: at the base of the rostral pair there is a small unpaired denticle; in various parts of the surface there are small teeth some of which show a symmetrical arrangement, but for many this is doubtful, because of the short pubescence which conceals them. This dark felt puts the carapace in strong contrast with the smooth polished pleon. Of this the first four segments have each a small forward-pointing carinal tooth, the fifth a carinal elevation, while the sixth is quite devoid of a carina. The telson has a pair of converging ridges, distant both from the base and the apex. The third maxillipeds have a well-developed, but slender, epipod. In the first peraeopods the third joint is 24 mm. long, the fourth 43 mm., the fifth 30 mm., the sixth 50 mm., and the finger 25 mm. The denticles on the distal half of the fourth joint are in this specimen very small, successively diminishing. In the fifth peraeopods the fifth and sixth joints and the finger are longitudinally carinate, with long setae springing from the carina; the process of the sixth joint is feebly carinate, and its tip meets that of the finger. Numerous small ova were attached to the pleopods of this specimen. Locality. Cape Point Lighthouse approx. NE. 40 miles; depth 560-700 fathoms. No. 182. Gren. STEREOMASTIS, Bate. 1888. Stereomastis, Bate, Rep. Voy. Challenger, vol. 24, pp. x, 154. 30 1901. 1902. 1908. 1910. 1912. 1914. 1916. 1884. 1908. 1916. Annals of the South African Musewm. Polycheles, Alcock (not Heller), Catal. Indian Deep-sea Crus- tacea, Macrura and Anomala, p. 166. s Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 2, p. 35. 3 (part), Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 4, p. 25. iy ,, Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 5, p. 377. s » Kemp and Sewell, Records Indian Mus., vol. 7, pt. 1, no. 2, p. 28. a ,, Selbie, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., pt. 1, p- 9. Stereomastis, de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a’, p. 1. For assigning species to this genus de Man gives the follow- ing characters: The lateral margins of the carapace are con- stantly armed with fewer than 20 spines; the median dorsal ridge of the carapace carries a definite number of 4 to 7 spines, the outer angles of the anterior border of the first pleon seg- ment have 2 spines in all the known species except Stereomastis ceratus (Alcock), and the epipod of the third maxillipeds is rudimentary, while on the thoracic legs it is a membranous expansion of the base of the podobranch. Consequently the species which in 1902 I called Polycheles sculptus, S. I. Smith, should now be named Stereomastis sculptus (Smith). In the general catalogue of S.A. Crustacea, p- 377, 1910, by a misprint the Museum number for this species is given as 182, instead of 152, the former number belonging to the new species of Polycheles here described. STEREOMASTIS NANUS (S. I. Smith). Pentacheles nanus, Smith, Rep. U.S. Mus., Fish. Comm. for 1882, p. 359. Polycheles nanus, Stebbing, S.A. Crustacea, pt. 4, p. 27. Stereomastis nana, de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a”, pp. 2, 4, 20 Having now examined and in part dissected a specimen little more than an inch in length, with the pleon in good condition, and the other parts fairly so, I do not hesitate to assign it to this species. But the third, fourth, and fifth pleon-segments have the large recurved carinal teeth each surmounted by a little denticle, which is not shown in figures of this species or of the very similar S. andamanensis (Alcock). Locality. Table Mountain N. 79 E., distant 40 miles. Depth 250 fathoms. No. 70. Mr. Selbie in 1914 describes and figures Polycheles nanus (Smith), var. Grimaldii, Bouvier. Tot 1915. 1882. THO: 1882. 1908. 1910. South African Crustacea. 31 Tripe PHNAEKIDEA. Faminy PENAEKIDAE. See General Catalogue of 8.A. Crustacea, p. 379, and add Penaeidae, de Man, Siboga Exp., vol. 39a, pt. 1, p. 1. a Kemp, Mem. Indian Mus., vol. 5, p. 316. Gren. AMALOPENAREDS, S. I. Smith. Amalopenaeus, Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 10, p. 86. <, Kemp, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., p. 13. For references to Gennadas, Bate, with which this genus has been by many authors considered synonymous, see Trans. R. Soe. Edinburgh, vol. 50, pt. 2, p. 282, 1914. AMALOPENAEUS ELEGANS, S. I. Smith. Amalopenaeus elegans, Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., vol. 10, p. 87, pl. 14, figs. 8-14, pl. 15, figs. 1-5. Gennadas elegans, Bouvier, Rés. Comp. Sci. Monaco, fase. 33, P80, plid Amalopenaeus elegans, Kemp, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., p. 14, pl. 1, figs. 1-16. This attractive species has been amply illustrated by the three authors above mentioned, and also by Lo Bianco and Riggio, whose figures I have not seen. The length appears rarely to exceed 30 mm., but Kemp mentions a specimen of 38 mm. The South African specimen is 33°5 mm. long. After 16 years in formalin there are still spots of a rich blue on the first four pairs of peraeopods, some less vivid on the first antennae, pur- plish on the stalks of the golden yellow eyes, with the mouth organs darkly red and the carapace covering a lighter red sub- stance, its own rostrum and probably all the rest of it being pellucid. Locality. Cape Point Lighthouse S. 83° E., 353 miles. Depth 360 fathoms. No. 66. Grn. PENAEUS, J. C. Fabricius. (For references see South African Crustacea in these Annals, in the years 1910, 1914, 1915.) Annals of the South African Museum. PENAEUS INDIcUS, Milne Edwards. Penaeusindicus, Milne Edwards, Hist. Nat. Crustacés,vol. 2, p-415. Peneus indicus, Alcock, Catal. Indian Macrura, p. 12, pl. 1b figs. 3, 3a (with synonymy). Penaeus indicus, Kemp, Mem. Indian Mus., vol. 5, p. 319. The specimens which I refer to this species have a thelyeum corresponding with that which Bate figures in the Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. 8, pl. 12, fig. 5 vp., 1881. They are far smaller than the length of about 6 in. with which Milne Edwards, or 8 in. with which Aleock, credits the species, one of them having a total of 64 mm., the other of about 60 mm., in the former the carapace being 43°5 mm. long, in the latter 39 mm. ‘The larger specimen has 7 dorsal teeth on the rostral carina, the seventh very far from the apex, the ventral teeth being 5 in number. In the other case there are 8 dorsal teeth and only 3 widely spaced ventral. In each case 3 of the teeth are behind the base of the eye-stalk. The characters answer to Alcock’s statement, “This is an extremely variable species, especially in respect of the length of the rostrum, which in young individuals projects far bevond the tip of the antennal scales, whereas in adults it is often not longer than that of P.monodon.” In 1888 Spence Bate retains the species, but is inclined to believe it an over-toothed variety of P. monodon, with which he further identifies P. semisulcatus, de Haan. In 1892 de Man described and figured a variety longirostris, which he retains in his “ Siboga ” treatise, 1911-1913. Our specimens have the fifth and sixth pleon segments carinate, the sixth of the same length as the telson, which is longitudinally suleate, acute at the apex, the sides setose but without spines. In the smaller specimen the flagella of the first antennae were 18 mm. long, but the flagellum of the second antenna 140 mm., thus more than twice the length of the body. The third peraeopod reached the extremity of the scale of the second antenna, the fifth is longer than the fourth. Locality. Umgeni River, Durban. Xe - ) 7 . ‘ a. : _) I : 7 Y : > a ; ia , . a u _ A 7 Zz . _ ; : a _ s a = : a f . a 7 ee a re ’ vi . =A fi - - _ > ee 7 =. : A - =~ ) ; 7 : i. = i 7 i ; : : _ 7 Se : a 4 ’ F : 8 « -_ — 9 : 1 = i‘ 7 2 _ 7 7 ; van : 7 ; J 7 : 7 " rs, aw : — : i : 7 ~ 7 | i _ _ i. 5 : > ya — = - a : 5 pie o a no Sate tng 7 7 7 ia ee ao. - : , ie! - : ui 4 , , : % ® 7 i fa _ : ; r ' - 7 ; al , - 7 7 r vi s 4°! ow): i : ” 7 ' : 7 se : ; : : : . 7 = aa wiv ¥ a rd . » : 7 i , - z ¢ a, - bi a ; : (a re | >. ‘ £ 7 7 7 7 ; yy ch c- oF es ; = a = _ : : . n 7 7 , 7 5 i vin ‘ 1 af , : oa ‘ ; - : J , 7 a - 4 al i “ag ; vn D | : ‘Sy Tan Va 7 : ra : 1 7 > ek A me, OTs ’ Acanthephyra Achaeopsis Achtheinus africanus (Solenocera), pl. xcilll A agassizii (Solenocera) . aleocki (Calocaris), pl. xci alderii (Metopa) Amalopenaeus Amphipoda andamanensis (Stereomastis) armatus (Lepidopus) armatus (Perissopus) armatus noneepe) Axiidae . : beaumontii (Polycheles) brachytelsonis (Acanthephyra), pl. xciv Brachyura Caligidae Calocaris Caridea . ceratus (Stereomastis) . Cirolana. comatus (Solenocera) Copepoda eranchii (Cirolana) demani (Polycheles), pl. xcii dentatus (Achtheinus), pl. xcvii dentatus (Perissopus) . Dorynchus elegans (Amalopenaeus) elegans (Gennadas) Entomostraca Eryonidae Eryonidea_ . Eurydicidae . Flabellifera Galathea Galatheidae 5 Galatheidea . > (45 ) INDEX PAGE e 35 | Gammaridea . 24 | Gennadas 40 | Gnathophausia 32 | granulatus (Polycheles) 33 27 | Halimus : 39 | hilgendorfi (Hyastenus) 31 Hyastenus 38 30 | Ichnopus 40 | Inachidae 41 | indicus (Penaeus) | 41 | indicus (Peneus) . 27 | intermedia (Galathea) | Isopoda ; 28 | | Leander 35 | Lepidopus 24 | Lernaeenicus | Lernaeidae 49 | Lernaeonicus 27 | Lerneaenicus 34 | Lispognathus 39 ©» Lophogastridae 37 | lugubris (Pandarus) 33 | Lysianassidae oy macrobetomma (Ichnopus), pl. xcviA ; : 28 Macrura anomala . Al | Macrura genuina . 40 | Malacostraca O14, medusaeus (Lernaeenicus) . = medusaeus (Lerneaenicus) . } megalocheir (Philocheras) 31 | melantho (Solenocera) 31 Metopa . : 20 Metopidae Z { | monodon (Penaeus) a Mysidacea nana (Stereomastis) 37 | nanus (Pentacheles) nanus (Polycheles) 26 | nanus (Stereomastis) 26 | Nematocarcinidae . 26 | Nematocarcinus 46 oblongus (Achtheinus) obscurus (Polycheles) . Oplophoridae Oxyrrhyncha pacificus (Leander), pl. xciii B Palaemonidae : : : Pandarus parvidentatus (Nematocarcinus), pl. xcv parvus (Cirolana) . Penaeidae Penaeidea Penaeus Pentacheles . . peringueyi (Leander) . Perissopus Pholidopus Polycheles rotundus (Metopa), pl. xcvi B sarsil eek Schizopoda . sculptus (Polycheles) . Index. 41 | sculptus (Stereomastis) 28 | semisulcatus (Penaeus) 35 | serricrus (Ichnopus)* 24 | siphonoceros Nears Solenocera 34 | spinicornis (Ichnopus) . 34 | Stereomastis . 40 | suluensis (Achaeopsis) . superciliaris (Achaeopsis) 35 37 | tanneri (Polycheles) 31 | taurus (Ichnopus) 31 | Thalassinidea : 31 | thomsoni (Achaeopsis), pl. xe 28 | thomsoni (Dorynchus) 35 40 | uncifer (Halimus) a uncifer (Hyastenus) 39 vicina (Cirolana) . 36 | willemoesii (Gnathophausia) 36 30 | zoea (Gnathophausia) . 36 * Mr. K. H. Barnard, Ann. S.A.M., vol. xv., p. 123, identifies this species with I. taurus (Costa). HXPLANATION OF PLATES. Puate I. (Crustacea, Plate XC.) Achaeopsis thomsoni (Norman). n.s. Dorsal view of a male specimen, natural size, showing the left cheliped and last two ambulatory legs in position ; the right cheliped detached, its fixed finger broken; the other limbs missing. Parts of the cara- pace magnified, in ventral aspect, are shown in the median line, and a lateral view on the right shows the eye, the first and second antennae, and the rostrum with its strongly curved ventral process. Pl. The pleon flattened out. The remaining figures are from a female specimen. m. 9, mx. 1, 9. The mandible and first maxilla, the latter with further magnification. mx. 2, 9,mxp.1, 2. The second maxilla and first maxilliped, uniform with higher magnification of first maxilla. mxp. 2, 9, mxp. 3, 2. Second and third maxillipeds, magnified to the same scale as the mandible. Crustacea Plate XC. Plate [. Ann. S.Afr. Mus. Vol XVII. Adlard & West Newman bth Del. T-R-R.Steboing. ACHE OPSIS THOMSONTI (Norman ) - - ' i ad = r a * : ‘ i ‘ a - a i e ; I i = ag a * ¥ A - = *y ’ 7 ' ' see » ; i , f ' : ee o* Ps > 6 7 L? ' i be a , ? ‘y aT 1 + iY ! - = ‘ - . v5 rv 7 . ' . ” j 4 7 i ‘ 7 a - ri 7 ° 7 it Puats II. (Crustacea, Plate XCI.) Calocaris alcocki, McArdle. n.s. Specimen in lateral view, natural size; fourth peraeopod missing on that side, as also flagellum of second antenna and one of the flagella of the first. car. Dorsal view of carapace much enlarged, with first antenna on the left, second on the right, both imperfect ; eyes partially seen. T., urp. Telson in dorsal view, and one of the uropods. m.,mp. One of the mandibles and palp of the other. Li., mx. 1, mx. 2, mxp. 1, mxp. 2. Lower lip, first and second maxillae, first and second maxillipeds. mxp. 8, prp. 5, plp. 1, plp. 2, plp. 5. ‘Third maxilliped, fifth peraeopod, first, second, and fifth pleopods. For considerations of space these parts are less highly magnified than the others, except in regard to the extra figures showing the dentate margin in the third maxilliped and the peculiar apical joints of the first and second pleopods. Crustacea Plate XCI. Plate Il. Ann.S.Afr.Mus.VolL XVII. ewman, hth tN Adlard’& West CALOCARIS ALCOCK, ME Ardle. Del. TRRStebding. Puatse III. (Crustacea, Plate XCII.) Polycheles demani, n. sp. n.s. Female specimen in dorsal view, natural size; flagella of the antennae curtailed by want of space, the frontal and telsonic parts slightly fore-shortened, the epimeral parts of the pleon a little expanded from their natural aspect. th. Thelycum. '’. The telson. This and all the other separate parts of natural size, except the terminal part of the fifth peraeopod. mxp. 1, 2,3. First, second, and third maxillipeds. prp. l. First peraeopod, the chela detached, for considerations of space. prp. 5. Fifth peraeopod on the right, with terminal portion on the left magnified, plp. 2. Second pleopod. ustaceaPlate XCIL. = ws Plate II. Ann.S.Afr.Mus -Vol.XVIL. — Adlard & Weet,Newman Lth POLYCHELES DEMANT, 7n.sp Del. TRR.Stebbing. : a Cid _ ae 7 7 i, ae : v = x = _ i ; - a ‘ SS 7 = “ we ie 7 ’ 2 7 ae om i ae | : on : : ; st a as aa oe. : = = a o> if i | ; ' 7 7 5 : + ao - - ’ “s . 2 - - - _ 7 ee i - ris we By Ae en -_ - o 7 * 4 J : ia > vs 7 . af ; _ ‘A a aa th : 1 a a : FS ieee ee 7 = = : _ ‘ o : ae oa a S ~ 7. _ = 7 7 « ca aw i : i ; : x - 7 v1] _— i a a a mae - We Ay 2 ] : at Soe i] Te i 7 - 7 : Fi a "04. SUPA _ Z _ al : 7 ae _= y er) a , 7 > : _ : > (hz, - 7 : = u : 7 > id rs — 2 a ¥ oe 7 - J - 7 : a) 7 i : 7 ad . ” bf > 7 ee | ' 7 1 - - ' ‘ ” ; : : . = ‘ 7 i. 7 = a. oy & 7 : ; 7 ‘ ri : 7 7 = 7 SS iy : 7 — = - “ wi i 7 a 7 7 a a Ao * _— , uv - Whee on i. 7 : 8 a a : - sen 7 a : = ; y —_ ; mos _— ‘a = ~ ia! | As ; 2 ~ ra ; PuatE IVs. (Crustacea, Plate XCIIIB.) Leander pacificus, Stimpson. n.s. Specimen in lateral view represented of the natural size. r. The rostrum and adjoining part of carapace magnified. oc. One of the eyes. T., urp. Telson and uropod in dorsal aspect to the same scale as the rostrum, with additional magnification of the end of the telson. m.m. Parts of the mandibles on the higher scale. mx. 1, mx. 2. First and second maxillae, on the same scale as the mandibles, with apex of first maxilla more highly enlarged. CrustaceaPlate XCII Plate IV. Ann.S.Afr.Mizs VolLAXVIL. Adlacd &West,Newman lth LEANDER PACIFICUS ,Stimpson. SOLENOCERA AFRICANUS,7-sp Del. TRR.Stebbi a ~e ay ap ~ Py SP on ' Puate V. (Crustacea, Plate XCIV.) Acanthephyra brachytelsonis, Bate. ear. Rostrum and front of carapace in lateral view enlarged. T. Telson in dorsal view, enlargement uniform with that of the carapace. ai. Apical portion of the scale of the second antennae, without its fringing setae, magnified to the same scale as the following figures. m.m. ‘The mandibles from the inner or upper surface. mx. 1, mx. 2. First and second maxillae with one of the spiculate setae of the first more magnified. mxp. 1, mxp. 2. |irst and second maxillipeds. mxp. 3. Antepenultimate joint of the third maxillipeds. Plate V. Grustacea Plate XCIV. Adlard &West,Newman, hth. YS \,* \ \ a Ay | \\! age al ACANTHEPHYRA BRACHYTELSONTS. Bate. Py = . ~ . a ee MT K ALE POLE” ee ay OLA LEG Ann.S. Afr. Mus.Vol. XVI. Del. TRR.Stebbing. Puate VI. (Crustacea, Plate XCV.) Nematocarcinus parvidentatus, Bate. car. Part of carapace in lateral view, on a lower scale of enlargement than other parts. T. Telson in dorsal view, with higher magnification of the spiniferous part. ai. Apical part of the scale of the second antenna. m. One of the mandibles. mx. 1,mx. 2. The apical plate of the first maxilla and the corresponding part of the second. mxp. 1, mxp. 2, mxp. 3. The first, second, and third maxillipeds, the third on account of its great length less highly magnified than the other mouth organs, but the terminal spine more highly instead of less. plp. 1, plp. 2. The first and second pleopods, the second with higher magni- fication of the male appendage and retinaculum. urp. One of the uropods. Crustacea Plate XCV. Plate VI. Ann. 5.Afr. Mus.VolL XVI. po OMAK META MT OMAELDESES LLL, a a Roy ae a 2. a ae RT fot va we / Vee ag i / SS - on" Seder SE “Adlard & West,Neveman.lith. NEMATOCARCINUS PARVIDENTATUS, Bate. Del. TRR.Stebbimg : rae ay oy eu > Puare VIIa. (Crustacea, Plate XCVIa.) Ichnopus macrobetomma, n. sp. n.s. Line showing actual length from head to third pleon segment across the bent specimen, as shown in the adjoining figure. a.s., al, First and second antennae, the flagella only in part. m.,mxp. One mandible and half the maxillipeds. en. 1, gn. 2. The first and second gnathopods, with higher magnification of the finger of the first, of the hand and finger of the second. urp, T. Third uropod, with tip of exopod more highly magnified, and dorsal view of the telson. Puate VIIz. (Crustacea. Plate XCVIz.) Metopa rotundus, n. sp. n.s. Line indicating natural size, measured round from head to third pleon- segment of the female specimen shown in lateral view. a.s,a.i. First and second antennae. l.s..m. Upper lip and mandible (the palp broken). en. 1, gn. 2. First and second gnathopods, with distal parts more highly magnified. prps. 2, 3,5. Second, third, and fifth peraeopods (basal joint of fifth imper- fect), sixth and seventh joints of second more highly magnified. urps. 1, 2, 3, T. The three uropods and the telson, the latter upturned in lateral view. The gnathopods and peraeopods (except the extra enlargements) are on a lower scale than the other details. Crustacea Plate XCVI. Plate VII. Ann.S.AfrMus.Vol. XVI. SS SL I) aes a eg Corr: >h Adlard &West,Newman lith METOPA ROTUNDUS 7.sp. Del. T.RR.Stedbing. ICHNOPUS MACROBETOMMA,7usp : aah Pr lt ‘ | eer a - Pratt VIII. (Crustacea, Plate XCVII.) Achtheinus dentatus, Wilson. ns. 2. Line indicating natural size of female specimen shown in dorsal view, with ege-strings incomplete. The following parts, in the upper half of the plate, of uniform magnification on a higher scale, were taken from the same specimen (except d.l.). a.i. Second antenna. mx. 2. Second maxilla. ped. 1, 2, 3,4. First, second, third, and fourth feet, the expanded segment of the third and of the fourth incomplete. a.l. Anal laminae. d.l. Dorsal laminae, from a different specimen, detached from the carapace to show the small lateral laminae “covering the bases of the second legs” (Wilson), in connexion with the two following pairs of foliaceous laminae. ns. ¢,n.s. 9. Lines indicating natural size of male specimen shown in dorsal view, and of the female specimen to which it was attached. The following figures, uniform in magnification with the details of the female, are taken from the male. a.s.,a.i. First antenna in position, and second antenna. m., mx. 1. Mouth-tube, with first maxillae and mandibles, the latter with additional magnification. mxp. Part of maxilliped. ped. 1, ped. 3, ped. The first and third feet, and a foot which is probably the fourth. Crustacea Plate XCVII. Plate VIII. sans Afr.Mus Vol XVI. a ae) @ ‘ — aa ~~ x = EOVDHDWANUPITIII//SODIEAS TAL Leay ae CNT ade \ fa RR Fae he Se SEDANLATRDLSTNN IB? ped.3 Adlacd & West,Newman lith ACHTHEINUS DENTATUS, Wusoz7. Del TRR.Stebbing ® ( 47 ) 3.—New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum.— By Lovis B. Prout, F.E.S.* Sup-Fam. HEMITHEINARH. Gren. ALLOCHLORODHS, gen. nov. Face smooth. Palpus very short, 2nd joint shortly rough-scaled beneath. ‘Tongue vestigial. Antennain ¢ less than one-half forewing, bipectinate to near apex with rather short branches (in 2 merely serrate? ). Pectus somewhat hairy. Femora glabrous. Hindtibia in ¢ not dilated, with terminal spurs only. Abdomen not crested Wings with scaling opaque, not glossy. Frenulum wanting. Forewing with costa straight except close to base and apex, termen smooth, oblique, gently curved, tornus not very pronounced ; cell about one-half, DC* deeply incurved, SC! from cell, anastomosing with C, SC? shortly stalked with SC*°, rather steep, anastomosing strongly with SC!, R? from much before middle of DC, M! widely separate from R*.—Hindwing with costa long, apex rounded, termen smooth, moderately convex, straighter posteriorly, tornus moderate; cell one- half, DC* incurved, becoming oblique, C anastomosing with SC to scarcely one-half cell, SC? stalked, R? from well before middle of DC, M' rather widely separate. Type of the genus: Allochlorodes elpis, sp. nov. May be placed between Allochrostes Prout and Xenochlorodes Warr., having nearly the subcostal venation of the latter, the separation of M' even wider than in the former, with which the palpus nearly agrees. The anastomosis of C of the hindwing is much less strong than in either, and the shape and facies more suggest the Omphax group. 1, ALLOCHLORODES ELPIS, sp. nov. gS. 27mm. Face, palpus and upper and inner sides of fore and middle legs rufous. Vertex and antennal shaft white. Occiput and thorax above green. Body and legs otherwise dirty white. * The types are in the South African Museum. Ay 48 Annals of the South African Museum. Forewing green, apparently nearly as in Xenochlorodes beryllaria Mann (a little faded); a single white line, interrupted between the veins and apparently not reaching costal margin, at R! scarcely 2 mm. distant from termen, more oblique than termen and very gently curving, reaching hindmargin just over 3 mm. from tornus; dots on veins, very slightly darker than ground-colour, accompanying this line proximally.— Hindwing white, with faint tinge of green.—Forewing beneath paler green, posteriorly whitish, base of costa reddish ; hind- wing beneath as above. Cape, Kalk Bay, April, 1904 (R. M. Lightfoot). A very worn 2, Clanwilliam, October, 1901 (Mrs. Marchant), seems also to belong here, rather smaller, slightly narrower, C of hind- wing anastomosing still more shortly than in ¢. Susp-Fam. STERRHINAE. Gen. SCOPULA Schrank.* 2. ScoPULA FLEXIO, Sp. nov. ?. 23-25mm. Face and palpus reddish brown. Vertex white. Collar ochreous brown. Thorax and abdomen dirty white; fore and middle legs more mixed with brownish. Forewing not very broad, costa somewhat shouldered at base, apex pronounced, termen oblique, nearly straight, at tornus curved ; white, in places (especially in median area) with coarse but rather sparse fuscous dusting ; lines brown, irrorated with fuscous ; antemedian fine, from before one-third costa, very acutely angulated outward in cell, then very oblique inward to one-fourth hindmargin, sometimes slightly sinuous; median thicker, from costa much beyond middle, slightly out-bent subcostally, then almost straight to hindmargin slightly beyond middle; postmedian from costa rather near apex, on the veins dentate outward and marked with fuscous dots, between R! and R8 incurved, behind M? more feebly incurved; a pure white line distally to this; subterminal line quite near termen, white, almost straight, bounded proximally and distally by a narrow brown- grey shade; terminal interneural dots strong, slightly elongate.— Hindwing with costal margin long, apex rounded ; SC? and R! connate; white, with feeble indications of median and postmedian lines and * Acidalia Tr., nom. praeoce. New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 49 double subterminal shade ; terminal dots weaker than on forewing.— Both wings beneath (especially hindwing) feebly marked, forewing slightly suffused in proximal half ; fringe of forewing more noticeably brown-tipped than above. Cape, Dunbrody, January, 1914 (Rev. A. Vogt), type; September, 1913, paratype in coll. L. B. Prout. Will certainly belong to the sub-genus Pylarge H.-Sch. (¢ hindleg with terminal spurs). Distinguished from picta Warr. (Nov. Zool. iv, 62), and its ab. fulvilinea Warr.) (Ann. S. Afr. Mus. x, 483), which share with it the brown face, by the flexuous postmedian line. A good deal larger than @ picta. 3. SCOPULA TENUISCRIPTA, Sp. NOv. 3. 25mm. Face and palpus blackish. Vertex and antennal shaft white (antennae broken). Collar ochreous. Thorax and abdomen whitish, slightly irrorated with light brown. Legs ochreous to whitish, the forecoxa fuscous in front; hindtibia without spurs, but not dilated ; hindtarsus very slightly longer than tibia. Forewing with apex pointed, termen fairly straight, oblique, very slightly more so in posterior half than in anterior; creamy white, slightly more ochreous at costal edge, irroration light brown, very fine and sparse; lines brown, very fine; antemedian oblique, almost obsolete; median beyond the cell-spot, oblique outward at first, strongly bent about SC°—R', then oblique inward, almost obsolete ; postmedian from nearly four-fifths costa, excurved at first, then nearly parallel with termen, slightly sinuate inward between the radials ; discal dot small, black; terminal line very fine, brown, marked except in its posterior part with small black interneural dots; fringe somewhat irrorated and very feebly spotted.—Hindwing with termen angled at R3; without antemedian line; median almost crossing cell-dot, but escaping it by a slight bend inwards at this point; postmedian faint anteriorly, slightly excurved, but not angled in middle, oblique outward from fold to abdominal margin ; terminal black dots less sharp than in forewing.—Forewing beneath, except from hindmargin to fold, more ochreous, proximally with very slight smoky suffusions ; first line wanting, cell-dot minute, terminal dots obsolete, the rest as above. Hindwing beneath slightly more ochreous-tinged than above, without median line, postmedian nearer termen, more crenulate, especially in middle part. Transvaal, Barberton, June, 1912 (H. Edwards). 50 Annals of the South African Museum. Gen. PTYCHOPODA Steph. 4, PrYCHOPODA LIPARA, Sp. NOV. Q. 27mm. Face and upperside of palpus black. Vertex and antenna whitish. Collar light brown. Thorax, abdomen, and legs concolorous with wings, forefemur and foretibia partly darkened. Abdomen robust. Forewing rather broad, costa slightly arched, apex not acute; glossy, pale ochreous-grey, with slight fleshy tinge (less reddish than in eugeniata Mill., nearly as in deeply coloured examples of sylves- traria Hb. = straminata Tr.), the dark irroration red-brown, sparse and very fine; first line obsolete; discal mark sharp, shghtly longer than broad; median shade slender, brownish, not strong, well distal to the cell-mark, incurved between M! and SM?; postmedian line indicated by a slightly sinuous row of vein-dots, as in eugeniata Mull. ; subterminal line very faintly indicated by a slight (almost inappreci- able) darkening of the rest of the distal area; fringe with small but sharp proximal dots at veim-ends.—Hindwing with termen smooth, even ; as forewing, with discal dot not elongate, median shade here vague, apparently bending closely round it on the proximal side. Forewing beneath similar, at hindmargin paler; hindwing more whitish, with discal dot slightly elongate, postmedian line of dots and those of fringe feeble. Natal, Durban, January, 1908 (G. F. Leigh). This may be rather near oranaria Bang-Haas (Iris, xx, 79, t. 3, p- 16), from 8. Oran, which is only known to me from the description and figure, but the new species is rather larger, ampler-winged (forewing rather more rounded), less reddish in tone, more weakly dusted. Gen. PALAEASPILATES Warr. 5. PALAEASPILATES MANSUETA, Sp. Nov. ¢- 84mm. Differs from the only hitherto known species, inoffensa Warr. (Nov. Zool., i, 370), as follows: Forewing with costal margin straighter in middle, apex less pointed, termen not sinuous in anterior half; colour paler, light yellow-grey, the irroration very fine, postmedian row of dots developed throughout, almost parallel with termen (at 2 to 2°5 mm.), the dark line or shade which accompanies it in inoffensa almost entirely obsolete —Hindwing with the feeble post- median line (slightly better developed on the underside) also nearly New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 51 parallel with and much nearer to the termen (2 mm. distant at apex, 3mm. in middle). The discal dots are larger than in most inoffensa and that of the hindwing rather better developed ; but this character varies in inoffensa. Cape, Bushmanland, 1896 (G. Alston). Sus-Fam. LARENTIINAE. Gen. ORTHOLITHA Hibn. 6. ORTHOLITHA PERINGUEYI, sp. nov. ¢ 2. 382mm. Head and thorax dirty white, mottled with brown and fuscous; palpus with little white except on the first joint. Antennal pectinations 3-4 times as long as diameter of shaft. Abdo- men grey-brown, more variegated beneath than above. Wings glossy.—Forewing white, the ground-colour almost entirely obscured by irroration and mottlings of fuscous and light brown, chiefly remaining as fine edgings to the basal and median areas, inter- rupted traces of other transverse lines and some spots and vein-streaks in median area ; middle of costa sometimes noticeably pale; a narrow brown band about 2 mm. from base, strongly excurved ; the white lines which bound the median area double, their remoter elements more interrupted ; median area with a narrow brown band at each side, the proximal from about one-third costa to beyond one-third hind- margin, forming an outward angle in the middle and here marked with blackish on the bifurcation of M and M®, the distal from beyond two-thirds costa to about two-thirds hindmargin, forming a small outward curve near costa and a rather strong lobe at R®, then retracted to M®, thence perpendicular or slightly oblique outward to hind- margin; subterminal line formed of white interneural dots ; a very short oblique dark mark from apex; termen with pairs of elongate black dots, sometimes more or less connected by a fine interrupted line; fringe chequered.—Hindwing light brown-grey, with a pale double postmedian line, which is angled outward behind R3, incurved posteriorly and directed towards tornus at hindmargin; traces of interrupted whitish subterminal line, clearer and whiter at tornus ; fringe weakly chequered.—Forewing beneath brown-grey, with small dark discal dot and pale double postmedian line; between this and the subterminal rather browner; subterminal and terminal lines and fringe nearly as above. Hindwing beneath sharply marked ; whitish with fuscous irroration, small dark discal dot, darkened veins distally 52 Annals of the South African Museum. hereto, forming conspicuous dark dots on a fine line which precedes the white double postmedian band ; distal area corresponding to that of forewing, but with the band proximally to the subterminal dots stronger. Cape, Hout Bay, near Cape Town, May, 1901 (W. L. Sclater). Type in coll. 8S. Afr. Museum, others from the same source in coll. Brit. Mus. et coll. L. B. Prout. The mottled appearance, dotted subterminal line and well-marked hindwing distinguish this species at a glance. 7. ORTHOLITHA PUNCTISCRIPTA, Sp. NOV. ¢. 380mm. Face somewhat rough-scaled, but without projecting cone; ochreous, narrowly marked with fuscous above and rather more -broadly below. Palpus little longer than diameter of eye, first and second joints rough-sealed, third minute, concealed ; fuscous. An- tenna pubescent,' beneath strongly lamellate, with close teeth at least as long as diameter of shaft. Vertex, thorax, and abdomen concolorous with wings. Foreleg darkened on upper- and innerside (middle and hindlegs lost). Forewing not very broad, termen smooth, slightly curved, strongly oblique; whitish grey, in places slightly shaded with ochreous, and with minute and sparse (proximally, especially along the costa, rather denser) fuscous irroration ; sub-basal line fuscous, bent in cell, then oblique inward ; antemedian and postmedian very fine and slight, but accentuated by strong dots on the veins ; antemedian from nearly one- third costa to beyond one-third hindmargin, very slightly excurved ; postmedian from about two-thirds costa, vertical at first, slightly incurved between the radials, oblique inward from M? to M?, then slightly sinuous to hindmargin; 3 or 4 still fainter wavy lines in median area, strongest at costa, and some faint dark shading near termen, especially in anterior half; lines between sub-basal and ante- median and between postmedian and distal dark shading represented by pairs of conspicuous vein-dots; discal dot minute; terminal line inclining to form pairs of dark dots or dashes at each vein.— Hindwing rather narrow, apex round-prominent, termen smooth, slightly sinuous, the convexity coming about the middle; slightly paler than forewing, the markings analogous but rather weaker, the dots of the postmedian line and of the first of the pair beyond it the most con- spicuous, leaving rather noticeable the narrow pale intervening band. —Underside similarly but more weakly and confusedly marked. Type, without locality label, in coll. 8, Afr. Mus. New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 58 The coloration and dotted markings recall some Palaearctie Laren- tids, notably Calostigia multistrigaria Haw. or sharply-marked Euphyia intersecta Steger. Gen. LARENTIA Tr. 8. LARENTIA DIPLOCAMPA, sp. nov. Q. 31mm. Face without projecting cone; fuscous with some pale admixture. Palpus shortish; as face, the first joint entirely pale beneath. Vertex, thorax and abdomen concolorous with wings. Forewing with termen only very faintly waved; DC _ biangulate, though not as strongly as in hindwing, R! stalked, R? from slightly behind middle of DC; wood-brown, shaded with cinnamon and with irregular, coarse, fuscous irroration; costal edge somewhat dotted with fuscous; lines dark fuscous, rather fine, not well defined ; antemedian at somewhat beyond one-third, apparently angled outward at. cell- fold, then sharply oblique inward, vertical and somewhat thickened across M, again oblique inward for a short distance behind, then nearly vertical (a little smuous) to hind margin; somewhat thickened on crossing SM?; sinuous lines and irroration proximally to this line prevent its being well differentiated ; a fairly distinct line in median area, about 1-5 mm. from the antemedian, approximately parallel with it in anterior part, curved outward at submedian fold; succeeded distally by a narrow pale median space; postmedian line at rather beyond two-thirds, markedly lunulate-dentate, bilobed between R? and M?, slightly inbent at R?, inbent at M?; 2 or 3 feebler lines in median area proximally to this, nearly parallel with it but less bilobed ; pale band beyond postmedian not conspicuous; proximal boundary-line of terminal area almost parallel with postmedian : some weaker crenulate lines between this and termen; a short oblique mark at termen close to apex ; terminal dark line somewhat interrupted at veins and folds (fringe wanting).— Hindwing prominent at end of SC?; termen waved ; paler than forewing: a dark discal dot, rather weak postmedian line (excurved about R?-M?, slightly incurved posteriorly) and still weaker traces of one or two other lines.—Forewing beneath greyish, proximal part unmarked, postmedian lines present, feeble posteriorly ; a slight brownish subterminal band in anterior half, pale-edged distally, especially between SC* and R'. Hindwing beneath more strongly marked than above. Cape, Cape Town, April, 1913 (P. C. Keytel). Size, shape and colouring (though this is rather less bright) recall Ortholitha ferridotata Walk., but the discocellulars are different, the lines differently formed, white lines wanting, underside less brown, 54 Annals of the South African Museum. Gren. EUPITHECIA Curt. 9. HUPITHECIA REDIVIVA, Sp. Nov. 6. 17-18 mm. Palpus 13 times diameter of eye, rather heavily scaled, third joint small, deflexed. Antennal ciliation minute (one- fourth diameter of shaft). Head and body concolorous with wings ; crown of head paler ; abdomen with dorsal ridge and crests pale. Forewing pale cinereous, faintly tinged with liver-colour; about nine very fine transverse wavy or denticulate lines, parallel with termen, mostly indistinct and more or less interrupted; the four proximal usually very indistinct, in part obsolescent, the four distal slightly better expressed ; median area somewhat clearer, its single line weak, less denticulate than the others, passing distally to a distinct black discal spot; costal area slightly dark-shaded ; terminal line very faint. —Hindwing rather paler, with one or two very weak denticulate lines parallel to, and near, termen and the beginnings of three or more equally weak (or weaker) ones on abdominal margin ; discal dot small and inconspicuous.—Underside of forewing more grey-suffused in costal half; of hindwing more dark-speckled, especially basally and costally ; of both wings with distinct discal dot and two rather thick and diffuse, but weak lines between this and termen, parallel with the latter. Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke). Others from Haenerts- burg, December 5th—9th, 1909 (C. J. Swierstra), in coll. L. B. Prout et coll. Transvaal Mus. and Watervalonder, November, 1910, in coll. A. J. T. Janse et coll. L. B. Prout. Mentioned and figured in Ann. Trsv. Mus. iii, 208, t. 12, f. 38, as provisionally a form of atomaria Warr. ; rather narrower, more brownish grey, more weakly marked, terminal line more slender, more interrupted, the other lines finer, less broken, that succeeding the outer “ rivulet” band of both wings not (as in atomaria) appreciably recurved towards tornus, discal dot of hindwing more distinct, palpus with third joint rather less elongate, more deflexed. 10, EUPITHECIA SUBCONCLUSARIA, Sp. Nov. 6 9. 20-22 mm. Similar to the smaller specimens of inconclusaria Walk. (List. Lep. Ins. xxiv, 1242), but with the following differences : Antenna of ¢ more thickened, with the ciliation much less than one- half the diameter of the shaft (in inconclusaria almost as long as diameter of shaft). Second abdominal tergite more strongly darkened. Body and wings in general paler, the hindwing almost white. Wings rather less extremely elongate, apex of forewing rounded. New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 55 Forewing with median area narrower, the angulated postmedian line closely succeeding the discal dot, which is sometimes extended along the curved cross-vein and forms with the thickened bend of the postmedian a rude ocellus; dark markings of distal area weakened, especially the subapical costal patch—Hindwing with a conspicuous discal dot.—Both wings beneath without dark subterminal band. Cape, Kalk Bay, February, 1904, and April, 1891 (R. M. Lightfoot). Both sexes in coll. S. Afr. Mus. et coll. L. B. Prout, the type dated February, 1904, and all the other examples worn. 1]. KupirHecia LictITa, sp. nov. SQ. 19-22 mm. Also rather similar to inconclusaria or to the preceding, but rather broader-winged and somewhat more glossy. ¢ antenna nearly as in the preceding, the ciliation even more vestigial. Abdominal crests very minute. Forewing with apex rounded as in subconeclusaria, termen less extremely oblique; variable in tone (greyer, browner or tinged with sand-colour) ; markings also rather variable, never very strong; the lines of proximal area usually starting from noticeable costal strigulae and marked by dots on the veins ; median area sometimes as narrow as in subconclusaria, but then with the black cell-dot placed nearer to its proximal border ; its borders generally rather less oblique, the antemedian rather better defined, more regularly curved, rather thick, often slightly strengthened on the veins ; postmedian less acutely bent, the dark markings on the radials generally less conspicuous, sometimes almost obsolete ; cell-dot often set in a whitish ring.—Hind- wing longer than in subconclusaria, broader than in inconclusaria, thus not presenting quite the normal Hupithecia aspect; as white as in subconclusaria ; cell-dot wanting above, present beneath. Cape, Clanwilliam, November, 1899 (R. M. Lightfoot), 5, including the type; Montague, November, 1902 (W. F. Purcell), 2 2? 9. 12. EHUPITHECIA SUBCANIPARS, Sp. NOV. d. 22mm. Face scarcely tufted. Palpus moderately stout, over 14 times as long as diameter of eye. Head and thorax concolorous with forewing, the palpus more fuscous ; abdomen more rufous than hindwing. Forewing with costa very slightly arched, from before middle to near apex straighter, apex round-pointed, termen slightly curved, strongly oblique; pale grey, closely irrorated with rufous, leaving an ill-defined grey area along cell and beyond it to postmedian line-and 56 Annals of the South African Museum. behind it proximally (obliquely bounded about from one-third hind- margin to origin of M’); on the grey area are placed some fuscescent dots which tend to form (or suggest) oblique lines ; cell-dot sharp, little elongate ; postmedian line vague, accentuated on the veins from R? to M?, oblique outward from beyond three-fifths costa, angled at R', then about parallel with termen; the usual bisected pale band distally to the postmedian weak, especially at costal end ; subterminal line hoary, not very sharp, strongly dentate anteriorly, then nearly straight to submedian fold (with minute teeth outwards on the folds), finally oblique to tornus; terminal line feeble, interrupted at the veins; fringe with a fine pale line at base and again slightly pale beyond middle.—Hindwing with costa rather straight, apex round, prominent, termen very slightly waved, not very strongly convex ; pale grey, tinged with rufous; cell-dot small but sharp; distally hereto very faint alternations of paler and darker shadings suggest thick lines or slender bands ; the abdominal margin darkened ; terminal line and fringe as on forewing.—Forewing beneath less variegated, the costal margin rather more noticeably spotted. Hindwing beneath rather better marked than above, curved dark postmedian and sub- terminal lines being rather more clearly expressed. Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke). The colours of the forewing are nearly as in variegated forms of pimpinellata Hb., but their distribution very different, more suggesting the arrangement of sophia Butl. or sinicaria Leech; celatisigna Warr. (perculsaria Swinh.) has much in common with the new species, but is smaller, darker, less hoary proximally, the discal dots less developed. 13. EUPITHECIA SUBTERLIMBATA, 8p. NOV. do 2. 21-24mm. Head and upperside of body green, dotted and spotted with brown or fuscous; underside and anal extremity pale ochreous grey, abdomen in dark specimens a good deal irrorated with fuscous. Palpus nearly twice as long as diameter of eye; pale greyish ochreous, much mixed with fuscous. Antenna in 6 with slender sessile fascicles of cilia, fully as long as diameter of shaft. Abdominal crest developed, pale grey, mixed with fusceus. Foreleg above and on innerside strongly darkened, except at ends of joints. Forewing moderately broad; pale dull green, variably (but always more or less strongly) irrorated with fuscous or reddish-brown, or even light, bright ferruginous; markings fuscous; basal patch slight or obsolete; subbasal band little bent, lines between this and median area vague; median area rather broad, variable, always more or less New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 57 markedly red-brown or fuscous, often with darker clouding in middle of posterior half; antemedian line sinuous, at posterior end oblique outward, sometimes strongly darkened and thickened from cell-fold to hindmargin ; cell-dot small’; postmedian line sinuous, rather oblique outward to R3, here lobed, posteriorly incurved; the narrow green band beyond vaguely bisected except between radials, where. its proximal half is almost white: distal area with ill-defined dark lines and spots, and traces of an interrupted lunulate pale subterminal, proximal to which a pair of dots between the radials (oftenest confluent) and a spot between M? and SM? are more or less noticeable ; termen with pairs of not very conspicous dark dots; fringe pale greyish-ochreous, dark chequered.—Hindwing pale ochreous grey, suffused, except on the narrow postmedian band, with darker grey, a border of about 2 mm. width darkest ; cell-dot small; terminal dots and chequering of fringe weak.—Both wings beneath pale ochreous grey, weakly marked except at distal margin, which bears a conspicuous dark border of about 2 mm. width, that of forewing constricted in the middle and sometimes almost interrupted, at least with a pale terminal spot behind R’; cell-dots often fairly sharp. Natal, Durban, Umbilo and Victoria District, in coll. S. Afr. Mus., coll. L. B. Prout, coll. A. J. J. Janse, ete. ; type ¢, Durban, in coll. S. Afr. Mus. This species has long been known to me, but although some speci- mens are marked ‘“bred,’’ none are in perfect condition. It is, however, so easily recognised that, now that I have a series before me, I do not hesitate to publish it. It resembles some forms of the variable Coenotephria prasinaria Warr. (Nov. Zool. viii, 13; x, 273), except in the structure. Probably near the species which I determine as cidariata Guen. (Spéc. Gén. Lép. x, 357, t. xi, f. 9), but distinguished by the dark borders beneath and by the antenna, which in that species bears pairs of short, fasiculate pectinations. Gen. CHLOROCLYSTIS Hb. 14. CHLoRocLystIs (GNAMPTOMIA) MUSCOSA TUMEFACTA, Subsp. nov. S$ 9. 17-20mm. Smaller than muscosa muscosa Warr. (Nov. Zool., ix, 508), from British East Africa, forewing with the costal swelling and hair-tuft proximally to the “nibbled out” portion {stronger ; coloration duller; antemedian line not so crooked; hindwing{more sharply marked, much like that of marmorata Warr. (Nov. Zool., vi, 38), 58 Annals of the South African Museum. Natal, Victoria district (W. D. Gooch), type in coll. 8. Afr. Mus. Also from Durban in various collections. Gen. CONCHYLIA Guen. 15, CoNCHYLIA LAMELLATA, sp. nov. g- 30mm. Head and body white, somewhat mixed with brown. ‘Palpus more brown, quite short, not extending as far as frons. Antenna thick, merely lamellate, with minute ciliation. Forewing very glossy white, with slender brown markings ; costal streak thread-like at base, gradually widening from before middle of wing, in distal part. bounded by front of areole and SC*; a slender longitudinal stripe from base, bounded anteriorly by cell-fold, becom- ing still slenderer distally, where it joins the outer stripe in front of R*; outer stripe thread-like at apex, then broadening slightly, straight and oblique to M? at 2 mm. from termen, here obtusely bent, thence very faintly sinuous, very gradually approaching hindmargin, finally running along behind SM? and not quite reaching base; a brown terminal line; fringe proximally brown, distally white.—Hindwing white.—Forewing beneath smoky, the markings obsolescent. Hind- wing beneath as above, the costal edge slightly smoky. Cape, Port Elizabeth, 1900 (O. West). Very similar to nitidula as figured in Cramer (Pap. Exot. iv, 240, t. 399 N),* but distinguished by the ¢ antenna, ete. Should be referred to the sub-genus Callythria Weym. (type alternata Warr., Nov. Zool. viii, 209; argenteofasciata Weym., Deutsch. Ent. Zeit. 1908, p. 512), but probably Conchylia will have to sink to Lithostege Hb., in which case the non-pectinate section will stand as name-typical, with Callythria as synonym, the pectinate as sub-genus Conchylia Guen. The glossy scaling and distinctive pattern are scarcely generic, especially as Conchylia irene Prout (Nov. Zool. xxii, 336) and Lithostege decorata Warr. (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. x, 23) and sesquifascia Prout (Ann. Trsv. Mus. 11, 262) in some respects furnish intergrades. 16. CoNCHYLIA ACTENA, sp. Nov. ~o.°29 mm. Faceand palpus light brown. Crown white. Antenna apparently nearly as in the preceding (somewhat damaged with * T have seen no example agreeing with this figure in having the outer stripe obsolete at apex, but provisionally (following Warren in Tring Mus.) refer to nitidula an otherwise similar species, with shortly pectinate g antenna, which oveurs in Cape Colény and Natal; in any case the figure clearly shows the pectinate antennae, New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 59 mould, in any case not pectinate). Thorax light brown, mixed with white. Legs (especially the foreleg) partly infuscated. Abdomen light brown-grey. Forewing white, glossy, but not so intensely as in the nitidula group; no markings except two slender (scarcely over -5 mm.) brown bars, both shghtly roughened at their edges, or at least tending to be feebly dentate outward on the veins ; first from SM? at 35 mm. from base, very oblique to cell-fold near end of cell, then slender along the fold to the cross-vein, where it forms a small, irregular spot ; second from SM? at tornus, very slightly curved in the opposite direction to termen, ending in a point at SC* close to apex ; fringe concolorous.— Hindwing light brown-grey, unmarked; fringe white.—Forewing beneath smoky, the lines traceable; fringe white. Hindwing beneath as above, or very slightly paler. Cape, Fraserburg, April 1885 (E. G. Alston). Superficially very near irene Prout, which has the antenna pectinate with branches about two-and-a-half times diameter of shaft. Susp-Fam. GEOMETRINAE. Gen. MICROLIGIA Warr. 17. MicRoLigIA INTERVENATA, Sp. NOV. 6. 380 mm. Structure about as in dolosa Warr. (Nov. Zool. iv, 124), face perhaps less strongly tufted (but somewhat abraded), wings shghtly longer and narrower. Face brown, white below. Palpus mixed brown and white, the white predominating below. Vertex white. Thorax and abdomen white, mixed with brown. Forewing glossy white, with light brown markings, consisting of more or less broad, chiefly interneural, longitudinal streaks; first streak subcostal, almost reaching the costal margin from the end of C to SC, where it terminates ; second streak commencing beyond middle of cell, becoming trifid distally, the first branch running between R? and R%, the second between R! and R?, the third obliquely forward to termen near apex; two shorter streaks between R? and M?’, reaching termen ; a long one behind M and M? from base to termen, tapering posteriorly, another branching from this at base and running behind the fold and another close to hindmargin (behind SM?*).—Hindwing pure white.— Forewing beneath pale brownish, the white parts of upper side weakly indicated. Hindwing beneath white. Orange Free State, Smithfield, 1910 (Kannemeyer). - . 60 Annals of the South African Museum. A pretty species, superficially recalling Psewdomaenas alcidata Feld. The genus Microligia seems only to differ from Argyrophora Guen. (type trofonia Cram.) in that R* and M! of the hindwing are not stalked, and is perhaps scarcely tenable. Gren. PSEUDOMAENAS, nom. nov. Agrammodes Warr., Ann. S. Afr. Mus. x, 27 (1911), nec Uhler (1895). 18. PsEUDOMAENAS ONCODOGRAMMA, Sp. Nov. 2. 385mm. Head and body concolorous with wings ; palpus more brown. Antenna minutely ciliated. Forewing shaped and coloured about as in anguinata Feld. (Reise Novara, Lep. Het. t. 129, f. 1), light violet-grey, costally slightly more brownish ; sparse black sprinkling ; markings black, narrowly and inconspicuously edged with light brown; a large triangle arising at hindmargin close to base, its anterior side over 4 mm. long, the apex entering the cell, its posterior side 5 mm., just crossing SM”, its distal side 8 mm.; a large, somewhat comma-shaped mark in the cell, its broad, distal end crossing the discocellulars ; a postmedian band not reaching costa, its proximal edge shaped nearly as in anguinata but more oblique posteriorly, its distal edge strongly sinuous, angled inwards on M?, so that the band gradually widens in the middle and is constricted at the angle; a very fine whitish line distally to this band, as in anguinata; an oblique dash close to apex; terminal line not or scarcely interrupted.—Hindwing almost unmarked, a very faint sinuous postmedian line discernible in some lights.—Underside almost unmarked. Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke). An interesting link between anguinata Feld. and intricata Walk. (List Lep. Ins. xii, 814 = maculipennis Wligren., Svensk. Akad. Handl. v (4) 72 = callistege Feld. t. 132, p. 29), though nearer to the former. Grex. HEBDOMOPHRUDA Warr. 19. HEBDOMOPHRUDA CRENILINEA, Sp. NOV. Q. 34mm. Closely similar to apicata Warr. (Nov. Zool. iv, 101), from Natal and Cape Colony, of which species it may even conceivably be a local modification. Middle segments of abdomen strongly infus- cated dorsally. New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 61 Forewing slightly less pale, only differing essentially in that. the oblique black line and its accompanying shades are markedly waved or crenulate throughout instead of straight; in addition, some extremely fine black lines, faintly discernible in apicata, are more noticeable, one curving backward and inward from the cell-dot, another running out from this toa very acute angle on R!, touching the anterior brown shade, then running obliquely inward and sinuous, parallel with the stronger black line and again touching the anterior brown shade on M!and on M?; the curved white line distally and posteriorly to the oblique line and shades (often fairly conspicuous in apicata, though not noticed in Warren’s description) is purer and rather broader, hence very conspicuous.—Hindwing also less pale and with the faint lines sinuous. Orange Free State, Smithfield (Kannemeyer), type in coll. 8. Afr. Mus.; Maseru, Basutoland, April 11th, 1902 (R. Crawshay), a larger (37 mm.), duller 2 in coll. Brit. Mus.; a worn ¢ without locality, nearer to the latter in size and apparently in coloration, in coll. L. B. Prout. The 2 antenna is shortly bipectinate. 20. HEBDOMOPHRUDA ERRANS, Sp. Nov. 6. 24-29 mm. Also near to apicata and especially (in the crenulate postmedian line) to crenilinea. Antenna of ¢ with the pectinations somewhat shorter (scarcely over twice diameter of shaft, against thrice in apicata) and stouter. Abdominal dark shading more posteriorly placed. Forewing with termen more waved, cell slightly longer still, M! arising close to R8 (in crenilinea rather widely separate) ; antemedian line expressed, in places thickened (especially at costa), oblique out- ward from one-fourth costa or rather beyond, biangulate in cell and on M (W-shaped), then very oblique inward to one-fifth hindmargin ; cell-mark vague, elongate; postmedian line rather more proximally placed, crossing M! near the cell (in crenilinea midway between cell and termen), throwing out small dashes proximally on the veins; the dark shades proximally to this line fairly strong, at least in posterior part of wing, but ill-defined, no dark line or shade distally ; an oblique dark cloud on hindmargin midway between postmedian iine and tornus or rather nearer the latter—Hindwing with termen rather strongly and irregularly crenulate, a rather conspicuous tooth at end of R?; postmedian line sharply defined from abdominal margin about to R3, scarcely crenulate, obsolete anteriorly ; at abdominal margin 62 Annals of the South African Museum. the beginning of another line proximally hereto.—Forewing beneath with costal margin rather more strongly spotted. Cape, Fraserburg, April, 1885 (E. G. Alston), type in coll. 8S. Afr. Mus; Bushmanland, 1897 (Schlechter), paratype (rather pale and more yellowish-brown, crippled in one hindwing) in coll. L. B. Prout. Gren. DREPANOGYNIS Guen. 21. DREPANOGYNIS PERO, Sp. NOV. 9. 33 mm. Head and palpus red-brown, mixed with black; 3rd joint of palpus distinct. Antennae lost, the few joints which remain not pectinated. Thorax pale fleshy ochreous, above strongly mixed with red-brown ; abdomen pale, strongly dotted with black. Forewing not very broad, termen rather irregularly and weakly sub- crenulate, very slightly excised between apex and R!; SC? anastomosing at a point with SC**; very pale fleshy ochreous (whitest im cell and just beyond postmedian line), irrorated with red-brown and sparsely with black ; veins more ochreous ; lines black, throwing out short vein- dashes into the median area; first from two-sevenths costa to little beyond one-fourth hindmargin, very deeply excurved ; postmedian parallel with termen, at 3°5 mm. distance, minutely lunulate-dentate ; median area for the most part more shaded with red-brown, leaving a conspicuous pale patch bounded anteriorly by M-—R®, posteriorly by M? and distally by the postmedian line; subterminal line fine, some- what interrupted, whitish, deeply lunulate-dentate, accompanied proxi- mally by dark spots or wedges between the veins ; termen with black vein-dots ; fringe with dark intersecting line (damaged).— Hindwing rather paler ; a dark postmedian line present, strongest at abdominal margin, bent at R! but fading out anteriorly; weak dark subterminal shading.—Both wings beneath pale fleshy-ochreous, with scattered dark irroration, minute discal dot and fine postmedian line, that of the hindwing reaching costa ; forewing in addition with very slight suffu- sions in median area. Cape, Clanwilliam, November, 1899 (Lightfoot). The absence of the ¢ leaves the affinities somewhat doubtful. The coloration recalls the South American genus Pero—notably variaria Walk. 22. DREPANOGYNIS LEPTODOMA, Sp. Nov. dg. 32mm. Head, palpus, breast and upperside of foreleg reddish. Collar brown. Thorax above pale grey, strongly irrorated with red- brown; abdomen pale. New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 63 Forewing shaped nearly as in admiranda Warr. (Nov. Zool. xii, 406), the distal margin posteriorly slightly more oblique; colouring as in admiranda, rather more glossy, with more distinct (though fine and sparse) greyish transverse strigulae, the ochreous costal edge narrower and less bright, the fringe not ferruginous in proximal half; first line from little beyond one-fourth costa, gently curved (not angled) between costa and SM?, even slightly oblique outward from SM? to hindmargin ; cell-spot as in admiranda ; postmedian line from costa 2 mm. before apex, parallel with termen at first, then very gently incurved, reaching hindmargin at scarcely more than 2 mm. from tornus; distal area shghtly more whitish; terminal line fine-—Hindwing with apex and termen slightly more rounded than in admiranda ; more whitish than forewing, without dark irroration or strigulation; a small cell-dot ; the beginning of a fine postmedian line 1-5 or 2 mm. from tornus, curving away from termen but soon becoming very faint or obsolete ; a fine terminal line.—F'orewing beneath more reddish, especially anteriorly, the costal margin ochreous, with dark reddish strigula- tion ; antemedian line obsolete, cell-dot and postmedian feeble. Haind- wing beneath irrorated with ochreous and in places with reddish ; cell-dot feeble; a scarcely discernible, slightly sinuate postmedian line, nearer to cell-dot than to termen. Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke). Probably nearest to devia Prout (Ann. Trsv. Mus. x, 210), but paler, more slenderly built, more glossy. Antennal pectinations moderate, about as in the allies. Gen. ASPILATOPSIS Warr. 23. ASPILATOPSIS ORTHOBATES, Sp. Nov. ?. 36 mm. Structure (unless of the antennae, which are lost) as in antennaria Guen. Both wings (especially the hindwing) somewhat narrower. Head and body pale grey-brownish with a slight tinge of buff ; abdomen darker beneath. Forewing whitish grey, with dark olive-grey, largely confluent strigulation and very sparse fuscous irroration ; inner marginal area from base to postmedian line suffused with light brown; the two dark lines distinct, edged with whitish on their reverse sides ; antemedian from nearly one-third costa, strongly oblique outward, acutely angled in middle of cell, then oblique inward and straight to well before one- third hindmargin ; postmedian straight, oblique, from costa close to apex to well before two-thirds hindmargin ; a small black discal dot.— Hindwing slightly paler, darkening a little at distal margin, especially 5) 64 Annals of the South African Museum. in apical region ; no appreciable markings.—Forewing beneath some- what more smoky than above, cell-dot and postmedian line present but not very sharp, the latter placed as above from hindmargin to R*, then running parallel with termen to costa 3°5 mm. from apex (further from apex than in antennaria).—Hindwing beneath more strongly irrorated than above (except at abdominal margin), with a cell-dot and a curved postmedian line, approximately parallel with termen, nearer to cell-spot than to termen, evanescent at abdominal margin. Transvaal, Pilgrim’s Rest (Miss L. Schunke). On account of the shape, the straight lines, etc., I do not think this can be a form of the variable antennaria Guen.; an extremely worn 6 with the same data had, however, apparently the fulvous tone of the latter, so that colour cannot be added to the points of differentiation. Gen. SICYODES Warr. 24. SICYODES PULVEREA, Sp. nov. 2. 30mm. Head and body concolorous with wings; palpus, crown and front of thorax more heavily irrorated. Antenna merely serrate, not pectinate. Forewing with apex blunter than in typical Sicyodes, termen less oblique, not noticeably subcrenulate nor gibbous ; stalk of SC’? con- nected with C, SC® anastomosing with SC**; vinaceous buff, with base of costa darkened and with scattered blackish dusting ; no appreciable markings except an exceedingly faint discal dot and a postmedian line from about two-thirds costa faintly indicated in some lights, slightly angled outward near costa, then about parallel with termen ; distally hereto a very narrow pale interval (merely indicated by the absence of irroration), beyond which the terminal area appears, in some lights, a little darker than the rest of the wing; termen with dark interneural dots not very sharp, becoming still feebler posteriorly ; fringe con- colorous.—Hindwing similar, with the postmedian markings apparently rather further from termen, but scarcely discernible-—Underside similarly coloured, virtually without markings. Cape, Kalk Bay, February, 1904 (R. M. Lightfoot). A rather anomalous and very inconspicuous species, the shape and aspect more suggesting a Petelia than a Sicyodes, the venation not quite typical. 25. SIcYODES SUBOCHREA, Sp. Nov. ?. 28mm. Structure in most respects as in the preceding, antennal serration rudimentary, C of forewing free, SC’-R' of hindwing stalked. New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 65 Head and thorax concolorous with forewing, slightly more mixed with ochreous on collar and front of thorax ; abdomen more strongly mixed with ochreous. Forewing fawn colour, with vague olive-grey irroration ; lines very indistinct, merely suggested by confluence of the irroration; ante- median at one-third, slightly angled outward on M (at origin of M2), accompanied proximally at SC and M by very inconspicuous pale spots ; a median shade discernible on middle of hindmargin ; cell-mark darker, extending the full length of DC?’ and about half as broad as long ; postmedian line slightly nearer to termen than to cell-spot, rather more excurved in middle than termen, accompanied distally by slight indications of a row of pale spots, the most conspicuous at costa.—Hindwing much more ochreous, with the beginning of a rather thick darker line at abdominal margin 2 mm. from tornus. Both wings beneath glossy ochreous, the hindwing unmarked, the forewing more tinged with flesh-colour and with the costal edge minutely dark- strigulated and the cell-mark of upperside feebly reproduced. Orange Free State, Smithfield (Kannemeyer). A damaged 2 (palpi broken, antennae lost, one forewing much torn) from Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett), in coll. Brit. Mus., apparently belongs to the same species, and shows that it is somewhat variable, not always so markingless. In this the forewing is more irrorated with light brown, especially from the middle to the post- median line, forming here a kind of vague band; the costal margin shows dark dots indicating the position of the lines; the postmedian line is rather better expressed, somewhat angled inward close to costa and outward about R’, and is followed distally by some ill-defined spots between R? and M?, which also show on underside ; the hindwing shows traces, from abdominal margin to R!, of curved postmedian line or shade. Gen. AXIODES Warr. 26. AXIODES DOCHMOLEUCA, sp. Nov. 3 9. 25-30mm. Head and body concolorous with wings. Antennal pectinations in ¢ moderate, just over 3 times the diameter of the stout shaft; in 2 scarcely (the inner series not) longer than diameter of shaft. Forewing with costal concavity well marked, apex not extremely sharp, termen only quite moderately crenulate; SC* in ? present, though sometimes only separating from SC* quite close to apex ; very light violet-grey, slightly suffused with light brown and with a few 66 Annals of the South African Museum. scattered blackish scales; veins ochreous brown; a blackish streak from base along fold (not reaching antemedian line), throwing out a slighter streak along SM?; antemedian line blackish, from one-fourth or two-sevenths costa, very oblique outward to M at origin of M? (but indented or accompanied by a proximal dash behind SC), from M very oblique inward and slightly sinuous to before SM, very oblique inward to hindmargin; postmedian very slightly crenulate, from R! about 2°56 mm. from termen, slightly incurved about M2? to fold, bluntly or moderately toothed outward between fold and SM?; a fine whitish line accompanying the postmedian distally ; a broad (over 1 mm.) oblique white or whitish streak from apex to end of cell, underlined (at least in its distal part) with blackish ; subterminal line pale, very ill-defined distally, where the ground-colour is paler than proximally ; an irregular blackish patch between it and the posterior sinus of postmedian line; termen with blackish lunules ; fringe dark-mottled— Hindwing with termen weakly crenulate, rather more strongly about SC? and R!; grey-brown, slightly darker distally than proximally ; a vague pale postmedian line, curving a little towards tornus posteriorly.— Both wings beneath pale grey-brown or brown-grey, with traces of paler postmedian line; forewing with costal edge somewhat dotted with fuscous ; hindwing with a distinct discal dot. Cape, Kenilworth, May, 1901 (W. L. Sclater). I have described as typical the form which prevails at Cape Town, and which I have also seen from Basutoland, Johannesburg, ete. ; but the species seems to be very variable in the expression of the markings, the dark mottlings, etc. When, as in the name-type, the white apical streak entirely obliterates the postmedian line it is very sharply characterised, but often (Annshaw and sometimes Deelfontein) this streak is less sharply white and the line continues across it. Always, however, it is very easily distinguishable from the allied inangulata Warr. (Nov. Zool. xii, 408) by the very much less angulated post- median line. Gen. APHILOPOTA Warr. 27. APHILOPOTA PHANEROSTIGMA, Sp. Nov. 3d Q. 42-44 mm. Form and aspect of interpellans Butl. (Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), xvi, 417), of which it may possibly even prove a local race. Head and body concolorous with wings. Forewing drab, with a tinge of fawn-colour and with scattered dark New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 67 irroration ; cell-dot large, black, long-oval; lines scarcely indicated except by blackish dots on the veins; antemedian from one-fourth costa to beyond one-fourth hindmargin, somewhat excurved anteriorly ; postmedian from before three-fourths costa, curving inward so as nearly to touch the cell-mark on R?, then nearly vertical to hindmargin. —Hindwing similar, sometimes slightly paler ; first line wanting ; post- median slightly curved, but generally placed near the cell-mark.— Underside paler, with very feeble dark irroration; cell-dots present ; postmedian dots present, but generally indistinct. Salisbury, 1915 (Dr. M. Melle), type. in coll. S. Afr. Mus.; also in coll. Brit. Mus. from the same district. Gen. HEMEROPHILA Steph. 28. HEMEROPHILA ABSURDA, Sp. nov. dg. 32-85 mm. Face with appressed scales; fuscous. Palpus short; fuscous. Tongue slight. Antenna bipectinate apparently to apex (extreme tip lost), with long, rather slender branches. Vertex, thorax and abdomen concolorous with wings. Hind tibia not dilated. Forewing with apex rather sharp, termen not crenulate; SC! anastomosing at a point with C, SC? from cell, free; light brown, slightly ochreous, irrorated and strigulated with fuscous, parts of the median and distal areas remaining slightly clearer ; lines blackish ; antemedian slightly thickened, especially behind M and near hind- margin, arising on costa before one-third, curved outward at first, indented between R* and M', strongly oblique inward and slightly sinuous to before one-fourth hindmargin ; postmedian mostly rather slender, but thickened about R®—M', arising on costa at five-sevenths, acutely angled outward about hk’, then oblique and slightly curved inward, reaching hindmargin about three-fifths ; a blackish cell-dot ; an extremely vague band of dark shading distally to the postmedian, slightly strengthened between the radials and near hindmargin ; termen with slightly elongate blackish dots (or short dashes) between the veins. —Hindwing with termen not crenulate, but in anterior half appreciably undulate ; first line wanting ; postmedian not very sharply expressed, placed little beyond the cell-dot, somewhat crenulate, fairly direct or very slightly sinuous, posteriorly shghtly oblique outward ; some very slight shadings indicating the position of the subterminal line; terminal marks weak.—Underside with the cell-dots strong, somewhat enlarged, especially that of the hindwing, otherwise more weakly marked, the antemedian line of forewing suggested by a darkish 68 Annals of the South African Museum. costal spot, the postmedian indicated (rather more sharply on the hindwing) by short dashes or teeth on the veins. Cape, Montague Baths, November, 1902 (W. F. Purcell), type in coll. S. Afr. Mus. ; paratype in coll. L. B. Prout. Gen. LARENTIOIDES, gen. nov. Face not protuberant, with appressed scales. Palpus rather short, moderately stout, closely scaled; 5rd joimt quite short. Tongue present. Antenna in ¢ simple. Pectus moderately hairy. Thorax not crested. Abdomen in ¢ moderately slender, not crested, basal cavity without spine; hindtibia (lost), therefore evidently without hair-pencil. Forewing without fovea; rather narrow, costal margin nearly straight, apex bluntly pointed, termen scarcely waved, gently curved, strongly oblique ; cell one-half, DC® incurved ; C free, SC? from cell, anastomosing strongly with SC! and afterwards with SC**, forming a double areole, R? from slightly before middle of DC, M’ separate.-— Hindwing rather narrow, costa elongate, apex rounded, termen moderately crenulate, tornus nearly square (the extremity rounded off) ; cell one-half, DC very slightly curved; C closely approximated to SC to beyond middle of cell, then rapidly diverging, SC? separate, R? wanting, M! well separate. Type of the genus: Larentioides cacothemon, sp. nov. Akin to the Oriental genus Hirasa Moore, differing in the much narrower, less crenulate wings, the double areole, longer approximation of C of hindwing to SC and secondarily in the non-dilated hindtibia of the ¢. 29. LARENTIOIDES CACOTHEMON, Sp. Nov. S- 383mm. Face and palpus dark fuscous. Vertex, thorax, and abdomen grey, irrorated with fuscous, which tends to form on each abdominal tergite a pair of very vague spots. Forewing rather glossy grey, with a slight violaceous tinge and with sparse fuscous and blackish irroration ; lines fuscous, not very strong, but blackened with spots or dots on the veins ; antemedian from two- fifths costa to one-fourth hindmargin, angulated outward in cell and at submedian fold (shallowly W-shaped); median well beyond the slightly elongate black cell-mark, about 1 mm. from the postmedian and approximately parallel therewith, apparently diverging at. costa, where, however, it is almost obliterated ; postmedian very oblique and sinuous, from beyond five sixths costa, very gently incurved between New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 69 radials and more markedly in posterior part, reaching hindmargin little beyond the middle ; some weak dark shadings in distal area, in part giving the impression of a less oblique continuation of the post- median line from M' to hindmargin; dark terminal line not very sharp, slightly interrupted at the ves. —Hindwing concolorous, at costal margin paler and feebly marked ; median and postmedian lines approximated, wavy or somewhat sinuous, the former only, the latter chiefly, pronounced towards abdominal margin, here nearly parallel with termen, anteriorly somewhat receding ; cell-mark scarcely indi- cated ; some weak submarginal shades; terminal line as on forewing. —Underside very feebly marked. Cape, Carnarvon, January, 1910 (J. Drury). The unique example is unfortunately in poor condition, but easily recognisable by the structural characters combined with the facies, which recalls some narrow-winged Algerian Hemerophila or Boarmia atlanticaria Ster., ete. Gen. PERIDELA Warr. 30. PERIDELA PUNCTILINEA, Sp. Nov. ¢g. 30mm. Face not tufted, whitish ochreous with dark speck- ling. Palpus (broken in type) rather short, mostly pale, with some dark speckling on sides and above. Crown somewhat ochreous. Antennal pectinations little longer than diameter of shaft. Thorax and abdomen concolorous with wings. Hindtibia dilated, with hair- pencil, abdominal spine developed. Forewing with fovea moderate; SC!? coincident, free (type) or touching C at a point (paratypes); whitish brown, tinged with ochreous on the veins and about the lines; irroration and strong costal dots or strigulae dark fuscous; lines dark fuscous, thickened at costa; antemedian oblique outward from two-sevenths costa, strongly curved in cell, then very oblique inward and slightly smuous ; median slight, except at costa, nearly parallel with termen, very slightly curving away at costa; postmedian about 3 mm. from termen, nearly parallel therewith from hindmargin to R', here bent, running vertically to costa; composed of rather large vein-dots, those on R? and SM’ (fold) generally smaller ; cell-spot elongate ; some slight dark shading proximal to the almost obsolete subterminal line; terminal dots strong, somewhat elongate.—Hindwing with termen somewhat irregu- larly waved, slightly emarginate between the radials, very slightly prominent at R*; lines not thickened at costa ; antemedian wanting ; 70 Annals of the South African Museum. median slightly incurved between the radials, crossing the strong cell- dot; postmedian from beyond two-thirds costa to abdominal margin near tornus, continuous, though accentuated by large vein-dots, incurved between the radials, strongest about R*-M!; distal area nearly as on forewing.—Underside more suffusedly irrorated; first line of forewing wanting, postmedian dots of both wings connected by a line and closely succeeded distally by a moderately broad, distally ill-defined brown band, suffused in places with purplish fuscous; a brown terminal line, somewhat thickened between the veins. Bechuanaland, Gaberones, 1916 (Marshall), type; two paratypes, from Ovampo Land, in coll. Brit. Mus. 31. PERIDELA BIRECTA, sp. Nov. g. 28mm. Palpus one-and-a-half times the length of diameter of eye. Antennal pectinations fully three times as long as diameter of shaft, giving place, after about 36 joints, to mere teeth. Head and palpus very pale ochreous brown, irrorated with ferruginous. Collar somewhat ferruginous. Thorax above vinaceous buff, with a few dark scales. Abdomen paler. Forewing with the venation apparently somewhat variable, subcostal veins in the type crowded, SC! apparently coincident and anastoming slightly or connected with C (in the three Bloemfontein examples, as is usual in the allied butaria, not crowded, SC! arising out of C, not touching SC?) ; white or whitish, tinged with yellow; an isabelline or slightly fawn-coloured, fuscous-dotted patch from base nearly to first line ; lines dark fuscous; first from costa before one-third, slightly excurved at first, then vertical to hindmargin; median line from middle of costa to hindmargin at three-sevenths, obtusely angled between the medians, straight before and behind ; space between first and median lines concolorous with basal patch, darkened about DC and behind submedian fold; postmedian line from two-thirds costa, excurved anteriorly and forming a very slight inward curve between R*® and hindmargin; nearly interrupted between radials, otherwise thick, posteriorly with some dark shading proximally ; distal area isabelline or fawn-coloured, separated from postmedian by a white line ; subterminal white line distinct, rather thick, very slightly sinuous but not lunulate, posteriorly curving outward nearly to tornus: some fuscous spots proximally to the subterminal; an oblique pale shade from apex across subterminal line ; terminal line broken into dots or dashes, not very sharp.—Hindwing almost wholly pale, with a minute discal dot and indications (chiefly in abdominal region) of postmedian line and cloudy submarginal and marginal bands (in the Bloemfontein New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 71 specimens the submarginal band more complete) ; terminal line interrupted, not very sharp.—Both wings beneath with similar but weaker markings. Cape, Namaqualand (Worden), O’okiep, September 22nd, 1886, type’in coll. S. Afr. Mus.; Orange Free State, Bloemfontein (H. F. Wilson), 3 in coll. Brit. Mus. Near butaria Swinh. (Tr. Ent. Soe. Lond., 1904, p- 510), but distinct in the shape of the median line and especially very different in the markings of the distal area. Gen. TEPHRINA Guen. 32. TEPHRINA ABNORMATA, Sp. Nov. So. 29mm. Face brown. Palpus whitish-brown, 2nd and 3rd joints with darker admixture. Vertex light brown; occiput fawn- colour. Antenna brown ; the pectinations rather short (scarcely over twice diameter of shaft) and stout, well ciliated at the tips. Collar somewhat ochreous. Thorax above mostly fawn-colour, beneath light brown. Hindtibia not dilated. Abdomen light brown. Forewing with fovea; SC! arising from C, free; whitish brown, in places (most decidedly in entire distal area) shaded with fawn-colour ; irroration wood-brown; costal margin, especially in median area, rather more ochreous brown, with fuscous dots or minute strigulae ; lines brown; antemedian rather thick, oblique outward from before one-fourth costa, roundly bent in cell, minutely indented behind M, vertical to about one-third hindmargin ; discal dot rather large, black ; median line rather thick, not very sharp, bent outward distally to the cell-spot, then almost straight to just beyond middle of hindmargin ; postmedian line 3 or 4 mm. from termen, nearly parallel therewith (almost inappreciably incurved about the fold) from hindinargin to R', anteriorly somewhat curving proximal; termen with small black dots between the veins.—Hindwing with termen a little subcrenulate from SC? to R’, smooth posteriorly ; first line wanting; cell-dot smaller, postmedian line less convex than termen, towards abdominal margin shghtly curving distad.—Underside much warmer in coloration, the ground-colour being more ochreous, irrorated and shaded (especially on the distal area of hindwing) with a mere ferruginous shade; first line wanting, the others weaker than above, the median, especially on hindwing, ferruginous-ochreous ; cell-dots present; terminal dots obsolescent. Natal, Durban, February, 1914 (W. Haygarth). 72 Annals of the South African Museum. Recalls Discalma normata Walk. (= parallelaria Walk.) in general facies and coloration ; apart, however, from the ¢ antenna, it may be distinguished at a glance by the anteriorly curved postmedian line ; cell-dots larger and stronger (variable, however, in normata). Gun. DISCALMA Meyr. 33. DIscALMA ARCIFERA DUBIA, subsp. nov. 6. 380mm. Differs from arcifera arcifera Hmpsn. (Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1910, p. 469, t. 39, f. 3), from N. E. Rhodesia (and a quite similar ¢ from Ruo Valley, Portuguese East Africa), as follows: Ground-colour less rufescent, with stronger dark irroration; the oblique common line finer and darker, followed distally on each wing above and beneath by a thick, dentate dark line arising near apex and diverging gradually from the oblique line. North Ovampo Land, 1890-91 (H. W. Eriksson). As the apex of the forewing is more falcate, this may well prove a distinct species, but the rest of the structure and the facies agree so absolutely that I hesitate so to regard it. Gen. GONODONTIS Hb. 34, GONODONTIS STICTONEURA, Sp. NOV. 3d. 37mm. Headand body concolorous with wings, the face dark- mixed, the palpus infuscated on the outer side. Antennal pectinations long for the genus (over 3 times diameter of shaft). Forewing with termen not crenulate, scarcely waved ; pale greyish ochreous, with scattered (sometimes very weak) dark irroration ; lines weak, especially the antemedian, which arises at two-fifths costa and is markedly excurved, but is scarcely traceable except by a slightly pale line which accompanies it proximally and by three black vein- dots, those on M (at origin of M?) and SM? large and conspicuous ; postmedian marked with smaller dark vein-dots, arising at four-fifths costa, nearly straight to R#, here angled, its posterior half forming a regular curve, with the convexity directed proximad ; a slight pale line accompanying the postmedian distally, cell-mark strong, ocellated, showing a slight tendency to break up into dots; termen with small interneural dots.—Hindwing paler, with a similar but rather less intense cell-mark and faintly discernible, angulated postmedian line, beyond which is a vague, narrow whitish band; terminal dots obso- lescent.—Both wings beneath with the ocellus strong, the angulated New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 73 postmedian line present, dotted on the veins, and a (sometimes almost obsolete) fuscous submarginal band. Cape, Hout Bay (W. L. Sclater), type in coll. 8. Afr. Mus. ; para- types from the same locality and Kalk Bay in coll. Brit. Mus. et coll. L. B. Prout. Possibly a local race of the Abyssinian integraria Guén. (Spec. Gén. Lép. ix, 166), which I only know from Guéné’s description and Oberthur’s figure (a 2, Et. Lep. ix, fig. 1903), but with the postmedian lines appreciably different from those of both Guéné’s species, the large, conspicuous ocellus of the hindwing above distinctive, ete. Gen. PARECLIPSIS Warr. 35. PARECLIPSIS ONUS, sp. NOV. ¢. 34mm. Face without projecting cone ; palpus apparently short (head somewhat crushed) ; antenna rather strongly lamellate; struc- ture otherwise agreeing with punctata Warr. (Nov. Zool. vii, 97). Head and body concolorous with wings. Forewing with costal margin slightly simuous, apex round-pointed, termen oblique, curved towards middle, becoming more oblique behind ; SC? anastomosing at a point with SC**; glossy, broccoli-brown, with minute rather sparse and very inconspicuous blackish-grey irroration ; a rather large (nearly 1 mm. diameter), roundish, not very sharply defined grey-black discal spot beyond middle; a very faint line of small grey vein-dots passing midway between this and termen, nearly parallel with the latter but with a very slight curve inward between R' and SM*.— Hindwing paler, in some lights appearing almost whitish ; cell-dot smaller than on forewing ; postmedian dots almost entirely obsolete, faintly discernible near abdominal margin, more proximally placed than on forewing.—Forewing beneath slightly paler than above, at least posteriorly ; cell-spot and postmedian line of dots reproduced, the latter slightly more distinct anteriorly. Hindwing beneath rather less white than above; cell-dot reproduced ; postmedian line of dots distinct throughout. Cape, Cape Town, June, 1872. Gen. OBOLCOLA Walk. 36. OBOLCOLA CACOCTENES, sp. Nov. So. 28mm. Structure of ferrorubrata Walk. (List Lep. Ins. Oat 1670), except as noted; thus differing from typical Obolcola in the 74 Annals of the South African Museum. elongate wings, long cells and presence of SC! of forewing, widely free. Head and body concolorous with wings. Antennal pectinations very much shorter than in ferrorubrata, only 2-8 times as long as diameter of shaft; rather slender, well separated. Forewing not quite so narrow as in ferrorubrata, termen towards apex not quite so oblique; light brown, with some slightly rufescent shadings and with scattered dark irroration ; costal edge dark-dotted ; lines exceedingly faint, placed as in ferrorubrata, the median quite fine, the postmedian dots minute; a small black cell-dot; termen with small, weak, dark dots.—Hindwing almost uniform grey, with a slight purplish tinge; cell-mark very faintly indicated in rather darker grey.—Underside as in pale examples of ferrorubrata, the forewing, except at costal margin, being glossy and feebly marked, the costal margin and the entire hindwing more mixed with ochreous, strongly irrorated ; cell-marks present but not strong. Cape, Wynberg, October, 1862. Except for size and structure, might have been taken for a striking ab. of ferrorubrata of the least rufous form and with the characteristic broad median shade almost obsolete. Gen. PETELIA H.-Sch. 37. PETELIA PSEUDOGNOPHOS, Sp. NOv. 32. 33 mm. Structure of strigata Warr. (Nov. Zool. iv, 103 = crassata Warr., op. cit. xi, 477), the face being without projecting tuft and the palpus short for the genus ; C of hindwing rather farther from SC, connected by a slight bar near base. Head and body coloured nearly as wings, the face, palpus and fore- and middle-legs slightly darkened, the vertex slightly pale. Forewing not quite so broad as in strigata, termen more oblique ; rather glossy grey, somewhat mixed or clouded with light brown and with moderately strong, scattered blackish irroration ; lines rather vague, formed of massed brown irroration, from costa at about one- fifth, two-fifths and two-thirds, nearly parallel, all bent strongly out- ward before middle, inward about middle, outward behind and more or less indented on SM°; cell-dot small, black ; subterminal line indicated by a series of fairly large but not very sharply defined whitish vein- spots, proximally edged by some blackish irroration ; the spots at R? and R* weaker, more proximally placed: termen with rather large black interneural dots, slightly extending into grey dashes; fringe almost unicolorous.—Hindwing similar, with two instead of three New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 75 brown lines, the second scarcely beyond the middle; a small white spot instead of a black dot on the discocellulars.—Both wings beneath glossy pale grey, with black discal dot and very faint suggestions of fairly straight antemedian and postmedian line, a slightly paler band distally to the latter; termen with elongate black interneural marks. Cape, Cape Town, May, 1913, and December, 1911 (P. C. Keytel), type ¢ anda @ in coll. S. Afr. Mus.; Kalk Bay, June, 1904 (Davidson), paratype in coll. L. B. Prout. Certainly allied to strigata Warr., but with very different facies, superficially recalling a Gnophos; the markings bear also a striking resemblance to those of the North American Ivala desperaria Hulst, and the face and palpus may demand the removal of both strigata and pseudognophos to Hulst’s genus, if that is tenable. The group (the genus Deilinia of Meyrick and Hampson) is almost cosmopolitan, though nowhere very rich in species. A abnormata (‘Tephrina) absurda (Hemerophila) actena (Conchylia) ALLOCHLORODES . APHILOPOTA arcifera (Discalma) ASPILATOPSIS AXIODES . B birecta (Peridela) C cacoctenes (Obolcola) . cacothemon (Larentioides) . CHLOROCLYSTIS CONCHYLIA crenilinea (Hebdomophr uda) D diplocampa (Larentia) DISCALMA 2 dochmoleuca (Axiodes) DREPANOGYNIS dubia (Discalma) E elpis (Allochlorodes) . EUPITHECIA errans (Hebdomophruda) F flexio (Scopula) . G GEOMETRINAE GONODONTIS . ; gnamptomia (Chloroclystis) 4 (76 ) INDEX. H PAGE 71 HEBDOMOPHRUDA 67 HEMEROPHILA 58 HEMITHEINAE 47 66 if 9 6a intervenata (Microligia) 65 Te lamelata ee LARENTIA 70 LARENTIINAE . LARENTIOIDES leptodoma (Drepanogynis) licita (Eupithecia) 73 lipara (Ptychopoda) 68 57 M ee mansueta (Palaeaspilates) . : MICROLIGIA : muscosa (Chloroclystis) 53 O ve 72 OBOLCOLA 65 Oncodogramma (Pseudomaenas) 62. onus (Pareclipsis) 72 orthobates (Aspilatopsis) . ORTHOLITHA . : 12 47 PALAEASPILATES . 54 PARECLIPSIS . 61 PERIDELA : peringueyi (Ortholitha) pero (Drepanogynis) . PETELIA . 48 phanerostigma (Aphilopota) PSEUDOMAENAS . pseudognophos (Petelia) PTYCHOPODA . : 59 ~~ pulverea (Sicyodes) 72_ punetilinea (Peridela) : 57 punctiscripta (Ortholitha) . PAGE 60 67 47 59 New Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in the South African Museum. 77 R rediviva (Eupithecia) . s) SCOPULA . SICYODES. , STERRHINAE . : stictoneura (Gonodontis) subcanipars (Hupithecia) PAGE 54 PAGE subconclusaria (Eupithecia) . 54 subochrea (Sicyodes) . : . 64 subterlimbata (Eupithecia) . 56 Badly tenuiscripta (Scopula) : . 48 TEPHRINA ; ~ il tumefacta (Chloroclystis) : ci Al - 4.—On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). Families Migidae, Ctenizidae, Diplotheleae, and Dipluridae.—By R. W. E. Tucker, B.A, Assistant. (With Plate [TX and Thirteen Text-figures. ) Famtny MIGIDAR. Gren. MOGGRIDGEA, O. P. Cambr. The separation of M. seticova, coegensis, and nigra by Hewitt (Ann. Trans. Mus., vol. 5, No. 2, p. 92) under the heading (a!) “Coza IT with a distinct posterobasal group of shorter and more densely crowded (often spiniform) setae inferiorly” seems doubtful. Purcell, in his description of M. coegensis (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., vol. 8, pt. 4, p. 72), mentions “ Coxa IT with a much smaller and scarcely distinct group (formed of 6-8 setae placed closer together than elsewhere’) ; and in the type specimen the approximation of the bristles is scarcely a distinct group. Of the other members, nigra has no such group, and seticova has only a very slight approximation of bristles, as in coegensis; it may be advisable therefore to merge the seticova-coegensis group with the quercina-microps group, with the posterobasal group of bristles on Coxa IIT as the distinguishing character, making the presence of a few extra bristles basally on Coxa IT a subsidiary specific guide. MoGGRrIDGEA QUERCINA, Sim. 1903. Simon, E., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. vol. 47, pt. 1, p. 22. 1903. Simon, E., Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 881. 1903. Purcell, W. F., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 73. 1915. Hewitt, J., Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, No. 2, p. 91. An adult 2 specimen (No. B. 1364) taken from nest on a Mahogany Umkahla tree in Durban by H. W. Bell-Marley, September, 1915. This specimen is so closely allied to M. quercina that it has been referred to that species. Apart from the size, the few differences which present themselves seem insufficient to separate it specifically from the above. 6 80 Annals of the South African Museum. It undoubtedly comes in the same group as quercina; in size it more nearly approaches M. intermedia (Hewitt). From the descrip- tions, both M. intermedia and M. microps (Hewitt) seem so closely related to M. quercina that they may well prove to be local forms of a wide-spread tree-inhabiting species. The nest of the above specimen consists of a roomy chamber (sufficient in size for the spider to turn in), built in a hollow of the bark, coloured to resemble the latter, and decorated with lichen, ete. ; the door is similar and fairly strongly built, and has a bevelled edge, which fits well down on to the rim of the tube, which is also hard and bevelled. Measurements of specimens.—Carapace 6°5 long; 5°5 wide. Length 18 mm. MoGGrIDGEA PERINGUEYI, Sim. 1903. Simon, E., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. vol. 47, pt.1, p. 23. 1903. Simon, E., Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, pp. 878 and 881. 1903. Purcell, W. F., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 73. 1915. Hewitt, J.. Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, pt. 2, 92. Specimens.— 3 (No. 8328) Houwhoek, Cal. Div. (W. F. Purcell, 8/1900). Q (B779) Houwhoek. (R. M. Lightfoot, 7/10). g. Colowr.—Carapace very dark mahogany brown ; almost black in appearance ; abdomen black ; spinners, lung operculae, and genital plate lighter brown; sternum and coxae pale brown, coxae of pedi- palps reddish-brown. Legs with dark femora, but lighter from patellae onwards. Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia and * of metatarsus of Ist lee, and to tibia and + metatarsus of 4th leg; densely granular. Fovea deep and strongly recurved. Hyes.—Front row lghtly recurved; medians nearly their own diameter apart, laterals broadly oval, much larger than medians, and more than their own long diameter from latter and from anterior margin of carapace. Posterior row recurved; much narrower than anterior row, and with the eyes small and flat; medians and laterals subequal, well separated, and situated opposite the gap between anterior medians and anterior laterals. Labium and coxae of pedipalps and legs muticous. Chelicerae with 4 teeth down each side of groove. Posterior sternal sigilla long, broad oval, and well separated from margin; situated between 2nd and 8rd coxae. Legs.—Tarsi short, swollen, scopulated, and unspined. Metatarsus I with 6 strong spines down each side surface, and with a few other On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 81 smaller ones. Metatarsus IT similar, but with the spines weaker and more irregular ; both are unscopulated, but metatarsus II has a few scattered hairs on under surface distally. Metatarsus IIT spineless but bearing stiff setae and a small patch of scopular hairs distally ; metatarsus [V with neither spines nor setae, slightly swollen distally, tapering towards base and curving upwards; under surface entirely and densely scopulated, save for small tapering basal portion. Pedipalps hardly distinguishable from M. terricola. Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen, nearly 12 mm. Carapace 6 mm. long, 5° mm. wide. Ist leg 15:5, 4th leg 16°5 mm. long. A (No. 7813) from Brandvlei, Wore., appears referable to this species ; it differs from the Houwhoek ¢ in that the legs are uni- colorous and longer relatively to the carapace, the latter being identical in measurements with M. peringueyi; eyes, palp, scopulation, and metatarsus IV are the same; the spination is slightly stronger, and cephalic portion of carapace smoother and more reticulated than in peringueyt. Nine-? ? andjv. (No. B1555-6) from Beaufort West are practically identical in appearance and characters with the Matjesfontein speci- mens, and there is no doubt that the species extends also to the above locality. MoGGRIDGEA LATUS, N. Sp. Specimens.—Nine ? 2 (types) and 32 jv. (No. 150,082), taken by Dr. W. F. Purcell from an old mud wall at Caledon ; 7/10. This species is very closely allied to M. peringueyi, and with the advent of the male it may prove to be a very distinct local variety ; the main distinction being in the ocular area and in general size. Colour.—Carapace and legs infuscated brown; abdomen dark purplish black above in adults, and testaceous below; the upper surface bearing traces of testaceous spots and markings. In younger specimens (seen in spirits) the abdomen has distinct testaceous markings bringing out oblique lines down the abdomen; the anterior, darker half of the abdomen usually has 4 testaceous spots forming a square, and a continuation of light spots down each side; in some, black oblique infuscations on a light surface make the principal pattern, and in others the testaceous spots, somewhat elongated, on a dark ground. Carapace.—General proportions much as in peringuey?, t.e., width nearly equal to leneth, and length equal to patella, tibia, and 1-2 metatarsus of Ist leg, and subequal to tibia and metatarsus of 4th 82 Annals of the South African Museum. leg ; width of carapace reaches to centre of anterior eyes in /atus, and not so far in peringueyt; fovea, etc. as in latter. Hyes.—Ocular area at least 2} times as wide as long ; in peringueyi it is only twice as wide as long. Anterior row with their hind margins in a straight line, and their anterior margins procurved ; medians small and about a diameter apart; laterals very large and separated from medians by a distance at least equal to the space occupied by both medians. Posterior row very slightly recurved, almost as wide as anterior row; medians oval, oblique, larger than laterals, and their own long diameter from the latter. Coxae muticous; rest of characters as in peringueyi; the comb on metatarsus IV is less compact and of longer, finer spines; also sternal sigilla are larger and deeper than in the latter, Measurements.—Largest specimen: chelicerae to end of abdomen 25°3 mm.; carapace 10 mm. long and 9 mm. wide. MoaeGripa@ra TERRICOLA, Sim. (Text-fig. 1). 1903. Simon, E., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. vol. 47, pt. 1, p. 22. 1903. Simon, E., Hist. Nat. des Araign, vol. 2, pp. 878 and 881. 1903. Purcell, W., F., Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, pp. 71 and 73. 1915. Hewitt, J., Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, No. 2, p. 92. Specimens.— 3 (No. 3499) and 4 Q@ 9 (Nos. 150,481 and B 1175), Bergvleit, Diep R., Cape Peninsula (W. F. Purcell, 10/96 and 5/15). g. Colour.—Carapace very dark mahogany-brown ; posterior legs lighter in colour; abdomen dull testaceous, strongly infuscated dorsally, especially posteriorly ; under surface pale; sternum pale yellowish- brown ; anterior coxae somewhat darker. Equal in length to tibia and metatarsus of Ist leg, Carapace. and equal to or slightly exceeding tibia and patella of 4th leg. Surface densely granular save for a band from fovea to ocular tubercle. Fovea slightly recurved. Hyes.—Ocular area twice as wide as long. Front row of eyes straight ; medians round, a radius apart, and larger than anterior laterals, which are oval, oblique, and about a diameter distant from the medians. Posterior row recurved and not so broad as anterior row; medians small and flat and close to laterals, which are very shghtly larger. Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous; 8rd coxae with a small patch of bristles corresponding to patch of spinules in 9. Chelicerae with 4 small teeth on outer and 4 on inner margin ; no rastellum. Posterior sternal sigilla large, inclined towards each other, On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 85 opposite posterior edge of 2nd coxae, and well separated from margin. Legs.—Clothed with short sparse hairs proximally, and longer more numerous ones distally. Tarsi short and stout, spineless and scopu- lated. Metatarsus I with 3 spines on anterior side and 3 on posterior. Metatarsus II similar, but with finer spines. Former not scopulated below, latter with a few scopular hairs anteriorly. Metatarsus II with long stiff hairs, many somewhat spiniform in character; no scopulation. Metatarsus IV similar and scopulated over } its length below. Tibiae I and II well armed with stout spines. Pedipalps spineless ; tibia swollen basally and hollowed out on under surface, latter portion carrying long hairs; bulb (‘Text-fig. 1) Fra. 1.—Moggridgea terricola, Sim. Right palp, under side. oval, with process stout basally, tapering rapidly towards extremity, and pointing outwards and upwards. Measurements.—Total length 8 mm.; carapace 45 mm. long and 4mm. broad. Gren. POECILOMIGAS, E. Sim. PoEcILOMIGAS ABRAHAMI, O. P. Cambr. 1889. Moggridgea abrahami, Cambr., O. P., P. Z. S. 1889, p. 41, pl. 2, fig. 3. . . 1889. Moggridgea tidmarshi, Lenz., Zool. Anz. Jhrg. 12, 1889, p. 578. 1892. Migas abrahami, Simon, K., Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2nd ed. v. 1, pp. 82 and 84. . : 1895. Moggridgea abrahami, Pocock, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), vol. 16, p. 187. 1897. ns m Pocock, P. Z. 8. 1897, p. 733. 84. Annals of the South African Museum. 1902. Moggridgea abrahami, Pocock, A. M. N. H. (7), vol. 10, p. 320. 1903. 4 Simon, E., Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p- 881. 1903. Poecilomigas abrahami, Pocock, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 72. 1915. $5 Hewitt, Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, No. 2, pole Three @ specimens (Nos. B 1814, 1946, 1968) from Durban (H. W. Bell-Marley, 11/15). Notes on habitations.*—The nests of Poecilomigas are invariably furnished with two trap-doors, one at each end of the tube. In one example the rear trap-door is spun over with a dise of silk which is connected by a prominently ridged band with another similar dise of silk fastened on to the bark; the rear door is thus apparently held down, but capable of being used if necessary. In another nest, how- ever, the hinge of the posterior door is but slightly removed from the anterior one—their distance apart is usually commensurate with the size of the inhabilant—and the two silk discs are fastened one on the side of each of the doors, and are themselves hinge to hinge (as in the above example also) ; in this case the advantage seems so proble- matical that it may be doubtful if the silk dises with their connecting bands are the work of the spiders to whose habitatious they are attached—-particularly as they are concealed by being covered with grains of earth and sand instead of pieces of bark and lichen. In another nest the doors were widely separated, the posterior one being smaller than the anterior one, and securely fastened down on the inside so as to be useless for escape (see also P. Z. 8. 1887, p. 42) ; on this nest and on another similar one there were no traces of the connected dises as above, which further seems to show that they are not the work of the inhabitants of the nests to which they may be attached as above. Famity CTENIZIDAKE. Gren. STASIMOPUS, Sim. STASIMOPUS PURCELLI, n. sp. (Plate IX, fig. 1). Specimens.— g (No. 150,432, type) from Caledon (W. F. Purcell, 7/10. Colour.—Carapace, mandibles, and upper abdomen black; under abdomen brown to purplish-black; sternum pale brown, darker anteriorly ; coxae of pedipalps almost black; coxae of legs I and II * See p. 136. On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 85 dark brown; UI and IV lighter, being an ochraceous brown with an olivaceous tinge. Carapace.—Strongly granulated and with deep cephalic grooves ; ocular area and border of carapace reticulated. Central granular ridge from ocular tubercle, distinct ; lateral ones not so distinct. Length of carapace equal to metatarsus and }-2 tarsus of first leg, and to meta- tarsus and about { tarsus of 4th leg; it is subequal in length to meta- tarsus and tarsus of 2nd leg. Hyes.—Front row straight, subequal, equidistant, laterals round. Posterior row straight, medians small, directly behind inner side of anterior laterals, and distant their own diameter from posterior laterals. Pedipalps extend to just over } tibia of Ist leg; otherwise as in Plate IX, fig. 1. Legs.—Tarsi I and II unspined. ‘Tarsus III with 1 spine on outer side. ‘Tarsus [V with 8-10 small spines on outer side; all four tarsi scopulated. Metatarsus I very slightly curved, 8 spines on inner and 9 on outer side. Metatarsus I] with 7 spines on inner side and 8 on outer. Metatarsi IIT and IV spineless but with bristly hairs. 'Tibiae I and II heavily spmed; IIL and IV unspined. Patella I with 5 apical spines on under and anterior surface ; patella Il with a few weak spines, IIT and IV with none. Tarsal claw IV with 2 basal teeth (allied species S. brevipalpis has 6 teeth around curve). Measurements.—Total length 12 mm. ; carapace 5 mm. long; Ist leg 16 mm.; 3rd leg 12°5; 4th leg 16°5 mm. This species is closely alhed to S. brevipalpis (Purce.). S. BREVIPALPIS, Pure. 1903. S. brevipalpis, Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 75. 1915. S. brevipalpis, Hewitt, Rec. Albany Mus. vol. 3, No. 2, p. 81. A ¢ specimen (No. B 778) taken at Ashton Robst. Div. by T. O’Connor 2/7/14 appears to be a black variety of brevipulpis ; apart from colour it also has stronger setae and varies in spination. The eyes also are slightly different ; the anterior row appearing even slightly recurved, and the laterals round (approximately) and slightly larger than the medians. Srasimopus KENTANICUS, Pure. (Plate IX, fig. 2). 1903. S. kentanicus, Purcell, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 82 and lord Dots 1915. S. kentanicus, Hewitt, Rec. Albany Mus. vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 84. 86 Annals of the South African Museum. Specimens.—A ¢ (No. 14,685) from Kentani (H. P. Abernethy, 1909) ; also another ¢ (B 782) by the same collector but with no locality or date. Colour.—Upper surface of chelicerae, cephalothorax, and abdomen deep black ; legs also black with very slight brownish tinge, as far as tibiae ; metatarsi and tarsi brownish-red in colour. Sternum, coxae, and bases of pedipalps very dark brown; under abdomen black ; genital plate, lung operculae and spinners light brown. Cephalothorax.—Length equals metatarsus and * tarsus of Ist leg, and metatarsus and about } tarsus of 4th leg; also equals tibia and patella, and slightly exceeds metatarsus and tarsus of 2nd leg. Border of carapace slightly raised; ridges in centre of cephalic region well marked ; middle one reaching nearly to fovea. Hyes.—Front row slightly procurved : eyes equidistant ; laterals and medians subequal, the medians being round and dark and the laterals oval. Posterior row slightly recurved; laterals round, flat, smaller than anterior medians, and dark; medians light, subtriangular, larger than and almost touching laterals ; and situated almost behind anterior laterals, to which they are subequal in size. Spinners short and stout, equal in length to 3 the sternum, and infuscated below as in female. Spinners and under abdomen some- what hairy ; upper abdomen sparsely covered with black hairs. Labium long, convex, and muticous. Posterior sternal sigilla long, almost vertical, opposite 2 pair of legs, and more than their long diameter from the margin. Pedipalps.—Tibia long and swelling underneath posteriorly. Basal portion of bulb broad and globular and ending in a long style, curved outwards, tapering and fine. (Plate IX, fig. 2). Chelicerae with 4-5 teeth on outer edge; 3-4 on inner, with a few denticles between them. Legs long and slender. Tarsus [I scopulate down centre; band of 18 short stout spines down outer side, and 11-12 down inner. Metatarsus J not scopulate but heavily spined underneath and at sides. Tibia I also heavily spined underneath; patella with a few spines at apex underneath. ‘Tarsus and metatarsus II the same as Ist leg; metatarsi I and II are long and swell very gradually distally. Tarsi | and IL short compared with tarsi III and IV; narrow at base and swelling in centre; broad on top; scopulated below; also spined at sides, III less so than IV. Metatarsus III heavily and irregularly spined underneath and at sides (spines longer). Femora I and II long and slender; If[I and IV stouter and shorter and swelling in centre below; [II shorter than IV or IL. On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 87 Measurements.—Length 17°8 mm. (spinners excluded). Carapace 7mm. long and 6°5 wide; Ist leg 24, 3rd leg 18°5, 4th leg 25°5 mm. long. Very similar to S. gigas (Hewitt), especially in appearance; though considerably smaller, Latter however has stouter process to bulb, and tarsus of first leg is far less heavily spined; 4th tarsal claws of S. gigas have 3 stout basal spines and 4 small ones distally inside the curve; kentanicus has a basal comb of about 5 spines and about 5 sharp teeth in curve; anterior claws also have more numerous, sharper teeth. STASIMOPUS NANUS, . sp. Specimens.—A 9 (No. B 89, Type) from Smithfield, Orange Free State, collected by Dr. Kannemeyer. Colowr.—Carapace and legs dark olivaceous brown; lighter around and below ocular tubercle; anterior legs slightly lighter; abdomen dark above and below; under surface of legs, coxae and sternum dull medium brown. Carapace.—Subequal in length to patella, tibia, and metatarsus I. Ocular tubercle-—Subequal to tibia or metatarsus I. Anterior row of eyes with their centres in a straight line; laterals large and broadly oval, transverse to shghtly oblique, and much less than a median’s diameter from the latter; anterior medians small and their own diameter apart. Posterior row also practically in a straight line, with a tendency to slight recurvation; medians subrotund, larger than anterior medians, and not quite so wide apart as anterior laterals; narrowly separated from posterior laterals, which are oval, subequal to medians in size and more raised ; considerably less than their own diameter from anterior laterals ; a line parallel to long axis of body wnd touching the outer edge of the latter, would cut the posterior laterals through their centre. Labium with 5 teeth, coxae of pedipalps with 8-10. Spines.—Palps with about 8 distinct spinules at base of tarsus above, and one or two scattered ones on distal upper surface of tibia; 2 spines on inner surface of tibia and 5 on outer; and a band of spines down each side of tarsus. Metatarsus I with basal patch of spinules extending over about 4 of upper surface; area of spinules at apex of tibia above, very small. Metatarsus II with the basal patch of spinules extending over about 4 of its surface; that on the tibia being less in size but greater than on tibia I. Inner surface of tibia I with 3-5 spines; outer surface with about 25 spines. Metatarsus III with about 10 spines on its anterior surface, and 88 Annals of the South African Museum. with no spines on its under, apical surface, but with 1 or 2 spiniform hairs. Tibia IIT with small anterior apical patch of spinules. Comb on metatarsus ITV composed of 6—7 spiniform setae; the patch of red spinules on patella IV above extending over about 4 the surface. Measurements —Total length 14 mm. Carapace, length 4°8, width 4. mm. Two @ 2 and two 2 Q jv. specimens (No. 14611) from same locality and collector differ markedly in appearance from the above, both in colour and size (largest 9 32°5 mm., carapace 10°8 long, 96 wide). The eyes are different and spination heavier than in S. nanus. Grn. IDIOPS, Perty. Ip1ops PULLUS, n. sp. (Text-fig. 2 a and B). Specimens.— $. (Type, No. 14706), from region west of Mafeking and north of Vryburg (A. L. Du Toit, 1909). Colowr.—Carapace and legs dark brown; legs lightening distally ; abdomen clothed with short dark hairs, and almost the same colour dorsally as carapace; slightly darker, though, anteriorly. Ventral surface of abdomen dull ochraceous ; spinners, lung operculae, and genital shield pale brown ; sternum and coxae pale brown. Carapace eyual in length to metatarsus I and to metatarsus IV. Fovea U-shaped with an almost semicircular depression anterior to it ; in front of the latter are 2 small fine spines, one on each side ; surface slightly granular and with a few short bristles posteriorly. Hyes.—Anterior laterals broadly oval, prominent, only slightly inclined outwards fron: central axis, and narrowly separated from each other and from anterior border. Anterior medians large, circular, and less than a radius distant from each other. Posterior row procurved. Anterior laterals about an anterior median’s diameter from the latter. Sternum.—Posterior sigilla small, almost circular, and_ slightly more than their own diameter from border; anterior sigilla similar but smaller. Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous. Chelicerae with 4 teeth on outer and inner row (one chelicera has only 3, but larger, on outer side). Legs.—Metatarsus I very slightly curved upwards in centre; 1-2 apical spines below and 14-15 small, slightly curved spines down inner side, and 14-16 longer ones down outer. Metatarsus II with 4 apical spines on under surface and 6 other spines down outer edge and 1-2 On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 89 down inner edge of under surface. Metatarsi III and IV with numerous long, slender spines. ‘Tibia I (Text-fig. 28), has 2 apical spurs on inner under surface. Anterior spur is very broad and thick basally, and curves upwards and outwards; it is set on a very swollen tubercle, and bears at its base anteriorly 2 bristles and a_ spine. Posterior and more dorsal spur short, and curving downwards and inwards. Scattered spines over rest of surface. Fia. 2.—Idiops pullus, n.sp. A. Right hand palp, outer side. B. Tibia of first leg, under inner side. Patella ILL with dorsal row of 5-6 small spines and anterior patch of about 20; only | or 2 spines on posterior surface. Patella IV with about 10 spinules on proximal anterior surface, set ina band of stiff short bristles, which extends to distal border. Tarsi.—Tarsus I with a few scopular hairs distally, especially at sides ; no spinules down centre; comb of spine-like bristles on border towards base of claws ; 10 spines down outer and 7 down inner side. Tarsus II with entire scopula ; 7 spines down outer and | or 2 down 90 Annals of the South African Museum. inner side; slightly curved upwards distally. Tarsus IIT also with entire scopula; stouter than metatarsus and also slightly curved upwards distally ; 2 or 3 spines on anterior surface and 7 on posterior surface. Metatarsus IV fairly stout, straight, and with 1 or 2 spines on anterior surface and 4—5 on posterior surface. Pedipalps.—Femur with 6 slender spines dorsally. Tibia elongate, slightly swollen basally and slightly curved dorsally ; hollowed on anterior outer side, but not spined. Numerous long bristle-like hairs on under surface. Palpal organ (‘Text-fig. 2a); bulb somewhat reniform in shape; style broad basally, with soft white under surface, and terminating in a slender curved process. Measurements.—Carapace 6 mm. long, 5°5 wide; chelicerae to end of abdomen 14-5 mim., Ist leg 26 mm., 4th leg about 25 mm. Ipiops PALAPYI, n. sp. (T'ext-fig. 34 and B). ’ D Specimens.— g. (Type, No. 14628), from Palapye, Bechuanaland Protectorate (H. A. Fry, 1908). Colour.—Carapace and legs light orange-brown, Ist leg becoming darker and redder distally; abdomen dull testaceous, infuscated on anterior dorsal surface and around genital aperture ; median under surface dusky brown ; sternum, coxae, and under-side of legs yellowish- brown. Carapace equal in length to metatarsus I and to metatarsus and $ tarsus of 4th lee ; tote) spines equidistant from median line and midway between ocular fovea deep, procurved, and semicircular; 2 small area and a transverse depression in front of fovea. Surface of cara- pace rugose; the small papillae bearing fine short spines, or stout bristles ; especially noticeable posteriorly and at margins. Hyes.—Anterior laterals broadly oval (almost circular) large, and close together; separated from first group by a shallow transverse depression. Anterior medians circular, perhaps slightly larger than the laterals, and about a radius apart. Posterior row recurved ; medians small, laterals oval ; their front margins slightly in advance of hind margins of anterior medians and about the latters’ diameter distant from them. Ocular area black, the infuscation spreading beyond anterior eyes to base of chelicerae. Sternum.—Posterior sigilla almost. circular, opposite 2nd pair of legs, moderately large, and their own diameter from border. Anterior sigilla smaller, similar, and opposite Ist pair of legs. On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). ot Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous. Rastellum composed of 3 stout spines on inner apical side and one or two smaller spines. Chelicerae with 6 teeth on inner row and 5 teeth on outer row. Legs.— Metatarsus I curved strongly upwards and inwards towards base ; 5—6 spines on outer side and 6 smaller ones on inner side ante- riorly ; rest of surface covered with numerous fine, regular, spine-like hairs shorter on under surface. Metatarsus IT straight or only very slightly curved; 6 spines on inner side; rest of surface with fine A. Fra. 3 —Idiops palapyi, n.sp. A. Right hand palp from inner side. B. Tibia of right hand first leg from inner side. black setal hairs. Metatarsus III fairly heavily spined, especially at apex; rest of surface with fine spine-like hairs, longer on under surface ; similarly with metatarsus IV. Tibia I (Text-fig. 38) armed at apex on inner side with single straight projecting spur, set on a narrow tubercle at the base of which is a spine towards the outer side, below, and a black nipple on the inner side below; 2 other apical spines towards outside of under surface and 20-22 other spines on rest of under surface; 2 short spines on outer surface centrally ; rest of surface with black setae. Tibia IT with 3 apical spies on under and inner surface and 92 Annals of the South African Museum. 19-20 spines on rest of under surface. Also with 2 spines on outer surface centrally and black setae elsewhere. Patella III with short spines on anterior border of upper surface ; a central line of 7 short spines and an anterior longitudinal strip of about 10 spines, all set in an area of short black setae; also with 2 short spines posteriorly and a curved spine on under surface towards apex. Patella IV less numerously spined, especially anteriorly. Tarsi.—Tarsus I short; a few scopular hairs distally on each side of under surface, with a double row of short spines between the patches ; each row broadens out towards the base of tarsus into an irregular, scattered area of small spines ; distally, each row is connected to the base of the claws by a comb-like arrangement of 6 longer, regular spines ; there are one or two longer spines on the sides, distally, and setose hairs on remainder of surface. ‘Tarsus IT with slightly larger and more distinct scopular patches and a less numerous but more recular row of spines down centre; distal combs not so pronounced ; 2 or 3 more spines than on tarsus I, and slightly swollen distally. Tarsus IIT short, much stouter than metatarsus and swollen over whole of lower surface, particularly in centre; an entire and dense scopula on under surface; one or two spines on sides. Tarsus IV similar but not quite so swollen. Pedipalps.—Femur with a row of 3 spines on upper surface. Patella with 0-1 spines on outer side. Tibia swollen basally, arched dorsally and with a deep hollow on under outer side; outer edge of hollow with 4 long spines anteriorly, an irregular cluster of spines posteriorly and numerous denticles on arch between. Tarsus small; palpal organ as in Text-fig. 8 a; soft under portion below style bearing a lobe. Measurements.—Carapace 8 mm. long, 69 mm. wide; Ist leg 32 mm.; Ath 27°5. Total length (chelicerae to end of abdomen) 19°7 mm. This species appears closely allied to I. parvus (Hewitt) (Ree. Albany Mus,, vol. iii, No. 1, p. 7), Ipiorps KENTANICUS, Pure. (Text-fig. 4.4 and B). (See pp. 127 and 128.) 1903. Acanthodon kentanicus, Purcell, Ann.S. Afr. Mus. vol.3, pt. 4, p. 89. 1904. Ctenolophus kentanicus, Purcell, 'l'r. 8. Afr. Phil. Soe. vol. xv, pt. 3; p. 11s: Specimens.— & (No. 14,528) from Kentani (Miss Pegler, 1905). Colour—Carapace dark brown; legs slightly lighter, especially distally, where there is also a faint olivaceous tinge; upper surface of abdomen almost black; under surface dull testaceous ; sternum and coxae pale brown. On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 93 Carapace equal in length to 4th metatarsus, and to metatarsus and about 1 tarsus of Ist leg; fovea crescentic and with small and incon- spicuous depression in front of it, scattered papillae of surface bearing Fia. 4.—Idiops kentanicus, Pure. A. Right palp, outer side. B. Tibia of left first leg, under side. hairs ; border of carapace slightly raised and separated by a narrow eroove. Eyes.—Anterior laterals broadly oval, close together and slightly facing outwards ; larger than anterior medians which are slightly more than a radius apart. Distance from front of anterior laterals to rear of anterior medians equal to breadth of posterior row. Latter is pro- curved; medians close to anterior medians. Sternum.—Posterior sigilla indistinct, small and marginal; anterior sigilla small and touching margin opposite centre of Ist leg. Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous. Rastellum composed of 3-4. strong spines set on a projecting tubercle, and 3 or 4 spines con- tinued round on upper inner edge of chelicerae. Chelicerae with 5 teeth on inner edge and 4—5 denticles at base on outer edge. o4. Annals of the South African Museum. Legs.—Metatarsus I curved sharply upwards and inwards just over , of its length from base; inner side of bend slightly swollen, darker, and bearing 5—6 spinules or short spine-like hairs ; 2 apical and 1 other spine on inner surface ; | apical and 1 other spine anteriorly on outer surface. Metatarsus IT slightly curved upwards, with 1 apical and 3 other spines on outer edge of under surface. Metatarsi ITT and IV very slightly curved and with long fine spines on under surface. Tibia I stout, cylindrical, and shorter than metatarsus, bearing the usual 2 spurs (‘Text-fig. 48); anterior spur apical, stout, and curved, and with a long spine at base of tubercle; 2nd spur short and blunt ; also 2 spines apically and 3 other spines on outer under surface. Patella ITT with 14 spinules on anterior surface; none dorsally, and 2-3 apically on posterior surface. Patella [TV with about 20 spinules on proximal portion of anterior surface and 15-16 ina similar position on posterior surface. Tarsi in general about % length of metatarsus. Tarsus I scopulated over whole length and with 1 spine on each lateral surface. Tarsus IT secopulated and spineless. 'Tarsi IIT and IV scopulated and with a few spines. Pedipalps—Femur with line of stiff bristles down centre. ‘Tibia swollen basally and with small, almost semicircular hollow on under surface anteriorly ; outer arch of latter well spined, especially pos- teriorly. Bulb (‘Text-fig. 44) broadly reniform, process flattened basally and curved out and upwards. Measurements.—Carapace 4 mm. long, 3°56 mm. wide. Tibia [ 32mm. Total length 9°5 mm. No ? was taken at the same time, but the specimen seems to fit in as the ¢ of I. kentanicus rather than of J. kolbei (Purc.), also from Kentani. From the ¢ of the remaining Kentani species, I. spiricola, it differs in most details. It is closely allied, however, to I. cregoei from Durban; the palpal organ is similar but the process is slenderer and not spatulate at its extremity ; the Ist metatarsus is more strongly curved and the tibial spines somewhat stouter. Gen. ANCYLOTRYPA, E. Sim. ANCYLOTRYPA PUSILLA, Pure. 1903. A. pusilla, Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus, vol. 3, pt. 1, p. 27. Specimens.—Two 99 (Nos. B 2608-9) from De Aar (S. C. Schreiner and Dr. W. F. Purcell, 9/13), and 1 2 (No. 9454) from Vilag Kop 5-6 miles north of Hanover (Schreiner, 10/01). On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 95 2. Carapace.—Cephalic portion very much raised, pale brown in colour and with a line of long setae down the centre ; thoracic portion more infuscated, especially posteriorly, to fovea; latter procurved. Length of carapace equal to patella, tibia, and metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg; and to tibia, metatarsus, and about 1 tarsus of 4th lee. Carapace considerably narrower opposite 3rd pair of legs. Hyes.—Seen from above, hind margins of anterior row are in a slightly recurved line, and anterior margins in a distinetly procurved line; anterior medians small, round, and nearer to anterior laterals than to each other. Anterior laterals large, oval, and oblique. Pos- terior row strongly recurved ; medians slightly larger than laterals, and almost circular but unsymmetrical in outline ; laterals slightly removed, and oval. Ocular area at least 21 times as wide as long. Abdomen long, broader posteriorly ; almost uniform dark olive-brown in colour; lung operculae and genital plate lighter brown ; spinners short and stout. Sternum, coxae, ete., light brown in colour ; posterior sternal sigilla oval, oblique, about their long diameter from the margin and opposite ord coxae. Labium about as long as broad and muticous. Coxae of pedipalps with a few scattered denticles at base of anterior border. Chelicerae stout; rastellum composed of very stout spines; the 2 anterior ones blunt and prominent, with a more inner inwardly projecting smaller spine; groove with numerous denticles down centre, and 6—7 teeth down inner border; hairs around mouth parts dull in colour. Legs.—Tarsi I and If scopulate and spineless. Tarsus IIL with long, sparse, scopular-like hairs, and a row of 4 spines on each side of upper surface, and a cluster of 3-4 spines on anterior surface distally. Tarsus IV with long setose hairs, and with about 15 small spines on under and anterior surface. Metatarsus I lightly scopulated, slightly more densely at sides and bearing 3 apical spines, a median, and a basal spine on under surface. Metatarsus IT similarly spined but scarcely scopulated. Metatarsus III with 2 apical spines on under surface, and a band of 10-11 small spines along each side of upper surface ; and 2 apical spines on anterior surface. Metatarsus IV with 2 strong apical spines on basal and 2 on anterior surface ; 10-1] short spines on anterior surface, and 1 apically on posterior surface. 'Tibiae T and II with 4-5 spines in a line down centre. Tibia IIT with 5-6 spines in an irregular band down each side of upper surface. Tibia IV with some setiform hairs on under surface, and a row of setae along posterior side of upper surface. Patella IIT with a dense area 7 J6 Annals of the South African Museum. of short reddish spines on anterior upper surface ; rest of upper surface with strong setae. Femur IV with a dense row of moderately long reddish spines on anterior and upper apical edge. Measurements.—Carapace 4mm. long and 2°8 mm. wide. Chelicerae to end of abdomen 14°5 mm. ANCYLOTRYPA SPINOSA, Sim. 1889. Ancylotrypa spinosa, Simon, Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. vol. 42, p. 407. 1892. Bolostromus spinosa, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2 ed. vol. 1, p. 100. 1897. Ancylotrypa spinosa, Pocock, P.Z.S. 1897, p. 732. Specimens.— 9 (No. 4242) from Pt. Elizabeth (J.J. Drége, 1898). As there is no corresponding ¢ the identification may be doubtful, so the following description is provisional. Carapace.—Light ochraceous brown; darker at sides of cephalic portion; latter not so raised as in A. pusilla; otherwise the same as in the latter. In length subequal to tibia and metatarsus of 4th leg, and probably equal to tibia and metatarsus of Ist leg ; (anterior legs damaged ). Hyes.—Hind margins of anterior row in a straight to slightly procurved line. Anterior medians closer together than in A. pusilla, and equidistant from laterals. Posterior row recurved; laterals larger than medians. Breadth of ocular area only slightly over twice its length. Abdomen.—Dull testaceous below and with uniform infuscation above. Sternum and coxae of legs light brown in colour; sigilla as in pusilla. Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous. Chelicerae.—Much as in pusilla; hairs around mouth parts reddish in colour. Legs.—Varsi I and II very slightly scopulated at sides, and spine- less. Tarsus III with 3 small spines on posterior border of upper surface, and 4-5 distally on under surface; rest of surface clothed with long hairs. Tarsus [IV with long setose hairs and 7-8 small spines on under surface distally. Metatarsus I with 3 apical, 1 mesial, and 1 basal spines on under surface; fairly densely clothed and with a few scopular hairs distally. Metatarsus IT similar but with longer spines. Metatarsus III with 8 small spines on posterior side and 5-6 on anterior side of upper surface, the apical spines being longer and curved; also 2 slender apical, and 1 or 2 other spines on under surface, On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 97 Metatarsus IV with 11-12 spines on under surface, the 2 central apical ones being the strongest ; also 2 spines on posterior upper surface. Tibia I with a weak line of setiform spines below; tibia IT similar but stronger. Tibia ITI with 2 spines on posterior surface and 2-3 on anterior surface. Tibia IV with several setiform spines on under surface. Patella IIT with 20-24 spines on anterior surface, and 2 stouter spines on posterior border of upper surface. Patella TV muticous. Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen 11 mm. Leneth of carapace 3°5 mm. ; breadth 2°7 mm. Gren. HOMOSTOLA, E. Sim. HomostToLa ZEBRINA, Pure.* 1902. H. zebrina, Purcell, Tr. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11, pt. 4, p. 359. 1903. a Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. 3, pt. 4, p. 94. 1915. * Hewitt, Ann. Durban Mus. vol. 1, pt. 2, p. 130. This species has been included by Hewitt as a synonym of Spiroc- tenus (Ann. Durban Mus. vol. 1, pt. 3, pp. 221 and 223); on examining the specimens in the Museum collection, and also two others from localities noted below, it seems fairly clear that Purcell’s zebrina is rightly referred to the genus Homostola; and further, that it is not synonomous with Spiroctenus. Apart from the differences in size and position of the posterior sternal sigilla (an important character), the other characters such as scopulation of anterior metatarsi serve to distinguish it. Additional notes on 2. Specimens.— 2 (No. B 1140) from Clairmont, Natal (H. W. Bell Marley, 3/15); and 9 (No. 150506) from Howick, Natal (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 9/05). Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus of Ist leg (in Pureell’s specimens, No. 8445 ex typis, Pietermaritzburg, carapace slightly exceeds the above in length) ; also equal in length to patella and tibia, and exceeding metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg. Chelicerae.—Dark red-brown, almost black in colour; rastellum composed of a row of about 6 strong, fairly even teeth on the inner side and stout bristles in continuation to the outer edge. Groove armed with 10-11 teeth down the inner side, and a line of 6 teeth diminishing in size to a few denticles down the outer side; a few denticles in the groove between, basally. Legs.—Metatarsus III with a comb of about 4 stout setiform bristles, apically, on both anterior and posterior sides of the under surface. * See p. 136. 98 Annals of the South African Museum. Metatarsus TV has 2 stout apical spines on the under surface, and between them is the Ist of a line of strong setae which runs down the central under surface ; between this setal spine and the outer apical spine is a small comb of 2-3 setae ; on the posterior (or inner) side of the inner apical spine is a broad comb of 5-6 bristles (mentioned by Hewitt in Ann. Durban Mus vol.i, pt. 2, p.130). Arrangement of spines otherwise agrees with that given in Purcell’s description. Anterior tarsi and metatarsi slightly flattened dorsoventrally ; meta- tursi short. Gen. SPIROCTENUS, E. Sim. SPIROCTENUS CAMBIERAE, Pure. (Plate IX, fig. 3). 1902. Hermachastes cambierae, Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soe. vol. 11, pt. 4, p. 369. 1903. Spiroctenus cambierae, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 907. Specimens.—3 gf and 1 ? from Caledon (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 7/10). 2 Colowr.—Carapace and legs dull brown, tinged with olive. Abdo- men dark, almost black, both dorsally and ventrally; and with no outstanding dorsal pattern, but with a narrow band of confluent dull testaceous spots down the centre of the ventral surface ; lung operculae, genital plate, and spinners about the same colour as the sternum, ete. ; i.e. slightly lighter than the carapace. (The ¢@ is of the same colour in general, though slightly browner; the type ¢ of Purcell’s description appears also to have become slightly darker and less ochraceous after years in spirits.) Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and }—} tarsus of Ist leg; slightly exceeding metatarsus and tarsus, and equalling patella and tibia of 4th leg. Fovea broad, deep, straight at the bottom, and slightly procurved at the ends. Eyes.—Anterior row with their centres in a straight line; medians smaller than laterals. Posterior medians long, light, subequal to laterals and almost touching them. Equal in length to about + of sternum ; apical joint Spinners. short and blunt. Labium with 4 teeth along its apical edge; coxae of pedipalps with 25 or more denticles. Chelicerae with 7 large teeth. Pedipalps.—Tarsi with 1-2 spines on under side; tibia with about 10 moderately long spines on under surface. Legs.—Tarsus of Ist leg unspined but scopulated ; metatarsus slightly scopulated anteriorly, and with 5 spines on under surface ; On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 8) 2nd leg the same, save that the metatarsus has only 2 spines below the outer apical one, and 1 weak one mesially below the inner apical spine; neither legs have lateral or dorsal spines. Tarsi III and IV scopulated but unspined. Metatarsi spined on all surfaces. Measurements.—Length 17 mm. Carapace 5mm. long. Ist leg 12 mm., 4th 12°5 mm. For palp of $ specimens, and for the arrangement of spines on tibia avd metatarsus of Ist leg, see Plate IX, fig. 3. SPIROCTENUS COLLINUS, Poc. (Plate IX, fig. 4 a-p). 1900. Hermachastes collinus, Pocock, A. M. N. H. (7), vol. 6, p. 319. 1902. 5 ‘a Pocock, A. M. N. H. (7), vol. 10, p. 15. 1902. . es Purcell; Tr. 8: Atr. Phil Soc. vol, Ul pt. 4, p. 364. 1903. Spiroctenus collinus, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 907. 1903. Bemmeris pardalina, Simon, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 42. 1903. pA i Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 896. Additional Notes. Specimens.—A number of ¢ ¢ and ? 2 from localities on the Cape Peninsula. The colouring of a g (No. B1128), which is probably newly moulted, is as follows: Carapace ochraceous, with deep olive in- fuscations in the cephalic region and posterior carapace, and to a less extent in lateral radiations from the fovea. Legs pale ochraceous below, infuscated above on femora, and browner from patellae onwards. Pedipalps lighter and tinged olivaceous ; abdomen infus- cated above, with testaceous markings posteriorly, bringing out central and oblique dark lines. Abdomen with its sides and under surface pale testaceous with a distinct green tinge; lung operculae and genital plate darker and browner. Carapace.—Fovea deep and slightly recurved. Hyes.—Front row slightly procurved and equidistant; laterals slightly larger than medians. Posterior row well recurved ; medians subrotund and not touching laterals, which are more oblique. Labium with 6-7 teeth; chelicerae with 8-9, and an outer row of minute denticles towards base of groove (2-38 deep basally). Pedipalps.—As in Plate LX, fig.4.a; general position as in B and c, The apparent difference is caused by contortion of the palpal organ (it occurs in other specimens), whereby a different aspect is presented from that usually seen. 100 Annals of the South African Museum. Spines.—Tibia and metatarsus I as in Plate IX, fig. 4p; this type of spine arrangement on the tibia appears to be more common and less distinctive amongst. the Spiroctenidae. A 3 specimen (No. B 796) from Mouille Pt., Cape Town, is coloured much the same, save that the abdomen is less green and more ochra- ceous. Palps as in B and c. The colouring of the above specimens has been noted, since the examples had been but a comparatively short time in spirits before being examined, and so have undergone less alteration. Amended Description of Female. Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and + tarsus of Ist leg ; slightly exceeding patella and tibia, and equal to or slightly exceeding metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg. Fovea straight. Sternum.—Posterior sigilla oval and slightly less than their long diameter from the margin. Labium.—Armed with 2-4 teeth; coxae of pedipalps with about 30 teeth. Chelicerae with 9-10 teeth and a double row of 15-16 denticles towards the base. Spines.——Tarsus of pedipalps with 2 spines on inner side and 2 on outer; tibia with about 9 fine spines below. Metatarsus I with 3 spives down outer and 2 down inner side; tibia I with 2 long, fine spines on outer side. Metatarsus II the same as I, but generally with a line of setae down the centre also; both have only a few scopular hairs distally. Tibia IL with a few fine spines and setae on under surface; or in some cases with a double row of fine spines down the centre. All tarsi scopulated ; posterior ones more coarsely. Tibia of Ist leg equal in length to the metatarsus. Claws of Ist and 4th legs with 5 teeth on outer basal row, and 5 teeth or more on the distal axial row. Seventeen ? 2 (No. B 2583) from Sneeuwgat Valley (4000-5000 ft.), Gt. Winterhoek Mountains, Tulbagh (R W. 'Tucker, 4/16), appear re- ferable to this species also; unfortunately no @ was obtained, so it cannot be determined whether the differences noted below are sufficient to separate them as a different species. In colour and appearance they coincide with collinus, though perhaps slightly darker; and in most other characters they are identical. The anterior legs of the Winterhoek specimens, however, are much longer than in the above species, being equal to, or even greater in length than, the 4th legs, the latter coinciding with Pocock’s measurements. On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 101 In consequence, the length of the carapace equals that of tibia and metatarsus of lst leg alone. The terminal joint of the spinners is almost hemispherical, and shorter than in S. collinus. Also the posterior median eyes are somewhat smaller and the anterior row is slightly more recurved. Dentition and spination correspond throughout, though the latter may be somewhat more robust. Four ? ? specimens, not fully adult, taken by Dr. W. F. Purcell and R. M. Lightfoot (8/03) at Tulbagh Road Station, agree even more closely with S. collinus, since the front legs are normal in length and the terminal joints of the spinners is longer. As this species predominates on the Peninsula it may well have extended to the Tulbagh Valley and environs. SPIROCTENUS BROOMLI, N. sp. Specumens.—Ten 2 2 (No. 15843 Types) from Stellenbosch. (Dr. Broom, 9/10/04.) This distinct species was named by Dr. Purcell, but no description of it published. Colour.—Very dark. Carapace dark infuscated brown; upper abdomen dull purplish black with faint testaceous flecks; under abdomen slightly lighter; genital plate and lung operculae pale brown. Sternum and coxae a lighter, redder brown than the carapace ; legs dark, especially the anterior ones, the posterior ones being slightly lighter. Patellae lighter and slightly redder. Carapace.— Equal in length to the tibia, metatarsus and 4—} tarsus of Ist leg, and exceeding the metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg. Slightly pilose posteriorly. Fovea as wide as or wider than the ocular tubercle ; deep and slightly procuryed: Hyes.—Posterior medians oval, slightly smaller than anterior medians, equal to posterior laterals, and touching the latter. Posterior laterals smaller than the anterior laterals. Spinners stout ; equal in length to about 3 of the sternum; apical segment subconical and about equal in length to } the median segment. Sternwm.—Posterior sternal sigilla oval, opposite anterior side of 3rd coxae, and about 4 their long diameter from the margin. Labium.—With 4-5 stout teeth ; coxae of pedipalps with about 40 denticles. Chelicerae.—With 9-10 teeth on the inner side, and an irregular row of about 15 denticles towards outer side of the base of the groove. Rastellum composed of long stout spines on the inner edge and long stout bristles on the outer edge. 102 Annals of the South African Museum. Legs-—Clothed with longish dark hairs, often bristle-like. 'Tarsi scopulate and spineless. Metatarsus I with very few scopular hairs anteriorly, and bearing 2 apical and 3 other spines on the under surface ; metatarsus II with no scopular hairs, but with many bristly ones ; 3 apical, and 3 other spines on lower surface; metatarsi IIT and IV well spined. Patella IIT with 3 spines anteriorly, and clothed with fairly stiff hairs ; patella [V with no spines or stout bristles. Tarsal claws of 4th leg with 5—6 teeth on outer side towards base (distal 3 large), and 4 in a more distal position on the axial side; Ist leg with the usual S-shaped line of teeth, composed of 5 outer basal ones and 5 inner or axial ones, very much smaller in size. Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen 20°5 mm. ; spinners 26mm. Carapace 7 mm. long and 5 mm. wide; sternum 3°5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide. One specimen, larger than the rest, had measurements as follows: Length 25 mm.; spinners 3°25 mm.; cara- pace 7°5 mm. long and 5°25 mm. wide; sternum 4 mm. long and 3°6 wide. ‘The spination was also slightly stronger. ‘This species is remarkably like in appearance—colour, size, etc.—to a number of Hermacha (see under H. nigra), collected by Dr. Broom at the same place and date. According to the collector, the tubes of these specimens had low turrets round their openings, and interiorly had a looping passage connecting the lower with the upper end. SPIROCTENUS PILOSUS, 0. Sp. Specimens.— One 2 (Type, No. B250), from Smithfield, Orange Free State (Dr. Kannemeyer). This specimen has been named provisionally in the absence of further material, since little is known of the Orange Free State Spiroctenidae ; and the example certainly differs from the Cape ? 9. Colour.—Carapace medium brown; cephalic portion infuscated, especially along median and lateral lines; slight infuscate radiations from fovea ; abdomen of specimen rather crushed ; sternum and coxae of legs ochraceous brown, slightly redder anteriorly; labium dark ; chelicerae red-brown below, darker above; femora of legs ochraceous, tinged olivaceous above, and from patella onwards ochraceous brown, becoming slightly redder distally. Carapace.—Ornamented with fine, rather scattered hairs, which are more numerous posteriorly. Equal in length to tibia and metatarsus of Ist leg, and exceeding metatarsus and tarsus, and also patella and tibia of 4th leg. Metatarsus of Ist leg subequal in length to the tibia. Fovea slightly procurved. On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 103 Eyes.—Anterior row procurved ; laterals much larger than medians, oval, and oblique; posterior row recurved, medians slightly smaller than the laterals and touching them. Chelicerae.—Inner margin of groove with 9 teeth; outer margin with 9-10 denticles towards base, the anterior ones being equal to small teeth in size. Labium.—Convex anteriorly, and bearing a few spine-like hairs. Coxae of pedipalps with about 30 teeth, each set in a small circular cup. Rastellum composed of stout spines. Sternum, coxae, and legs covered with fine, long dark hairs; the abdomen also appears well clothed. Posterior sternal sigilla long, oval, opposite 3rd pair of legs, and less than their long diameter from the margin. Tarsi scopulate ; posterior ones coarsely. Spines.—'Tarsi of palps with 2 small spines anteriorly, and 2 along inner side of under surface; tibiae with 8-9 fine spines on under surface. ‘T'arsi spineless. Metatarsus I with 3 apical spines and 2 others in line below on outer side of under surface. Metatarsus IL the same, with sometimes an extra spine on the outer edge and a mesial spine on the inner edge of the under surface. Tibia I with 0-1 spines about the centre of the under surface; tibia IL with 1 spine mesially on under surface; tibia IIT short and stout, with 3-4 spines on upper anterior surface, and with some setiform spines on under surface. Upper surfaces of patellae IIIT and IV, especially IV, furnished with stout reddish bristles. Anterior side of femur of 4th leg armed apically with spinule-like bristles, which on the upper edge are reddish in colour. Tarsal claws of 4th leg bearing 4 strong teeth at the base on outer side, and | tooth and 2 smaller denticles anteriorly on the axial side ; the claws of the 4th leg armed with 5-6 basal teeth on the outer side, and 4 teeth on the axial side distally. Measurements.—Length (abdomen damaged) probably about, or over, 20 mm. Carapace 7 mm. long, 6'4mm. wide. Ist leg 18°5 mm.. long, 3rd 12°5 mm., and 4th 14 mm. long. SPIROCTENUS VALIDUS, Pure. (Plate IX, fig. 5). 1902. Hermachastes validus, Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11, p. 367. 1903. Spiroctenus validus, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 907. Specimens.—T'wo g and one ?, Caledon (No. 150,408). Dr. W. F. Purcell, 7/10. 104. Annals of the South African Museum. $ Colour less red and more olivaceous than type of S. validus (Pure.); carapace similarly infuscated, legs more ochraceous and femora not so dark; tibiae and metatarsi ochraceous brown; infuscated spots above spinners on ventral surface are large. Palps.—As in Plate IX, fig. 5a, B, and oc. Legs.—Spination of under surface of tibia and metatarsus of Ist leg (right-hand side) as in Plate IX, fig. 5 p. Measurements.—Total length 14 (excludiug spinners). Carapace 64; Ist leg 18 mm., 4th leg 21; the specimens are thus smaller than the types from Ashton. ? Agrees more in colour with the immature specimens of S. validus. Other specimens taken from Caledon by Dr. Purcell at the same time have been referred to S. validus. Of these, one calls for note, since in appearance it resembles Stictogaster reticulatus (Pure.) ; its sternal sigilla correspond to Spiroctenus, but in many respects it varies from that genus. It has 12 teeth on the interior border of cheliceral grooves and 13 small teeth or denticles on outer border towards centre; the labium has 4 strong teeth, and the coxae of the pedipalps about 60; the tarsi of the pedipalps are spined. The length of the carapace exceeds the tarsus and metatarsus of 4th leg and equals the tibia, metatarsus and about } tarsus of Ist leg; in this it agrees with S. flavopunctatus, which it also resembles in abdominal markings, but greatly exceeds in size. A similar specimen, though shorter in carapace, has been identified as S. validus, by Purcell, from Montague Baths, Caledon. It is recorded of one of the Caledon specimens that the nest is Y-shaped and has a turret similar to that constructed by S. collinus. SPIROCTENUS GOOLDI, Pure. 1903. Hermachastes gooldi, Purcell, Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vol. 8, pt. 4, Digo: Specimens.— $ (No. B 2341). St. James. Cape Peninsula. (Cyril French, 7/09). This example differs from either of the Peninsula species, collinus and lightfooti, but agrees in size and proportions, palp and spination (with slight variations), with the type specimen of S. gooldi. In appearance it is darker in colour, and slightly stouter. To the description of gooldi may be added— Carapace equal in length to 4th metatarsus and subequal to patella and tibia and to metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg; in this it coincides with S. collinus, but differs from 8S. tricalearatus (Pure.), to which On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 105 it is closely allied in palpal organ and spination. In ftricalcaratus the carapace equals metatarsus and } tarsus of 4th leg and is less than patella and tibia, and metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg. Spinners equal in length to } of sternum, as in tricalearatus ; in collinus the spinners are the same length as sternum. Labium and coxae of pedipalps are muticous. Chelicerae with 8 teeth and a few minute scattered denticles. SPIROCTENUS PURCELLI, n.sp. Plate IX, fig. 6 a, B, and c). Specimens.— $ (Type No. 150,472), Simonstown. (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 4/10). Colouwr.—Carapace and upper surface of femora dark ochraceous brown. Cephalic portion slightly darker, with a line down centre to fovea; under surface of femora lighter and tinged with olive; legs slightly browner and darker distally; palps lighter distally and tinged with olive. Entire under surface ochraceous; upper surface of abdomen strongly infuscated, especially anteriorly; posteriorly, infuscation takes the form of a central dark line and 3 to 4 distinct oblique dark lines branching from it; sides of abdomen clear ochraceous ; small dark spot on under abdomen below each posterior spinner. Carapace.—Equal in length to patella and * tibia of Ist leg, or to metatarsus and } tarsus of Ist leg, and equals £ metatarsus IV. Fovea deep and very strongly recurved. Hyes.—Front row well procurved and large; medians round, laterals oval, larger, and equidistant. Posterior row recurved; medians oval, shghtly smaller than laterals and touching them. Lubium and coxae of pedipalps muticous; chelicerae with 9 teeth, Posterior spinners equal in leneth to | sternum; posterior joint just less than } subapical joint. Pedipalps.—As in Plate IX, fig. 6 a and B.; ef. S. collinus (Pure.). Legs.—Tarsi muticous (may have small spinules below). Scopulae divided by line of setae in every case; setal band of IV being broad and merging with scopula. The lines of setae down tarsi I and II are continued down the metatarsi, which are scopulated distally over 3 to 4 of their length. Metatarsus I fairly strongly curved ; spined below, as in Plate IX, fig. 6c. Tibia I as in Plate IX, fig. 6c. Metatarsus II with 1 apical spine on inner edge, 1 below it mesially ; 3 spines down inner side and one in centre of outer side; also, one on upper surface below centre. Measurements.—Total length 19°5 mm., excluding spinners; 21°6 including them. Carapace, 6 mm. long, 4°75 wide, Ist leg 20-5; 4th leg 25 mm. 106 Annals of the South African Museum. Gren. HERMACHA, E. Sim. HERMACHA CURVIPES, Pure. 1902. Hermacha curvipes, Purcell, Tr. S. Afr. Phil. Soe. vol. 11, pt. 4, p. 377. Specimens.—Numerous ? 2? from Simonstown; collected by Dr. W. F. Purcell. 2? Colour medium brown; carapace and legs syncolorous, chelicerae slightly darker; abdomen dull testaceous brown on upper surface, with moderately distinct tree pattern; under surface yellowish-brown ; whole of abdomen covered with long yellowish-brown hairs. Carapace covered with appressed, golden silky hairs; fovea straight and about as wide as ocular tubercle. Length of carapace equal to metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg; also equals tibia, metatarsus and > tarsus of Ist leg. Hyes.—Anterior row with hind margins in a straight line, and front margins slightly procurved; anterior medians about % their own diameter apart; laterals elongate and about a median’s diameter from margin. Posterior row recurved; medians small, ovate, and almost touching laterals. Posterior laterals longer and equal in area to anterior laterals. Labium with 0-2 denticles. Chelicerae with 9 teeth (occasionally with 1] on one chelicera) ; and a row of irregular, fairly numerous denticles at base of groove. Coxae of pedipalps with large area of denticles (about 90), distal ones scattered. Spinners.—Posterior spinners long; equal in length to sternum and twice labium and also from fovea to front edge of carapace or over. Distal segment long and slender, as long as basal segment and slightly longer than middle segment ; anterior spinners about their own length apart. Sternum and coxae yellowish-brown and well clad with darker brown hairs, which are stiffer around margin of sternum. Posterior sigilla nearly touching margin; long and oval. Spines.—Pedipalps: tibiae with 4 apical, 2 mesial and 2 basal spines on under surface and | on inner side. ‘Tarsi with no spines. Meta- tarsus | with 2 apical, 1 mesial, and 1 basal spines on under surface. Metatarsus II with 5-7 spmes on under surface, and 1] large median Spine on upper inner surface. Metatarsus III heavily spined, espe- cially on outer and upper surfaces. Metatarsus [V also well spined, On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). LO? but somewhat irregularly ; apical spines large, particularly imner one, which is long and curved. Scopula entire on Ist and 2nd metatarsi; absent on 38rd and 4th save for a few scopular hairs and setae on 8rd. Tarsi are all scopu- late ; that of 2nd leg has a narrow band of very fine setae, and 3rd and 4th have a distinct band of setae down centre. Measurements.—Length of carapace 7 mm., breadth 5. Chelicerae to end of abdomen 17°5 mm.; spinners 5 mm.; tibia I, 3 mm. long (equal to metatarsus and about 4 tarsus), Ist leg 17 mm., 4th leg 19 mm. long. This species occurs elsewhere in the Peninsula, occasionally with sheht differences as noted. | S&S. 2? and jv. (B 2342) from St. James (C. French, 7/09) ; specimens smaller than type and spinners shghtly shorter; ¢ otherwise identical, though tibia of palp is shorter and stouter, and carapace is slightly longer relatively to legs, and relatively broader; spinners also equal sternum and labium only, and do not reach to front of carapace. Pedipalp also with one or two extra spines on inner side of tibia. Also ¢ and jv. ?, Platteklip Ravine. (W. F. Purcell, 6/10 and 1900). Juvenile specimens from Newlands (Skeleton Ravine) and Wynberg Hill appear referable also to H. curvipes. HeERMACHA BICOLOR, Poc. (Text-fig. 5 a and B). 1897. Brachythele bicolor, Pocock, P.Z 8. 1897, pp. 735 and 736. 1898. Brachythele bicolor, Pocock, A.M.N.H. (7) vol..ii, p. 199. 1902. Brachytheliscus bicolor, Pocock, A.M.N.H. (7), vol. x, p. 317. 1915. Hermacha bicolor, Hewitt, Ann. Durban Mus. vol. i. pt. 2, pp. 125-7. Specimens 1 g and 2 2 9 (Nos. B 888 and 889) from Stella Bush (Durban), Natal. (H. Bell-Marley, 1/1915). ¢, 4 99, and 4 jv. 2 (No. 150, 710) trom near Port Shepstone, Natal (Dr. and Mrs. Purcell, 9/05). The females agree with Pocock’s description, except in the propor- tion of the carapace to the legs ; the length of the carapace equals that of the tibia, metatarsus and 2 tarsus of Ist leg, and slightly exceeds the metatarsus and tarsus of 4th leg; there is also the usual row of small denticles in grooves of chelicerae, which may have been overlooked by Pocock. The bicolor markings are also more olive and orange than black and red; this may be due to the relative ages of the specimens. The male differs shghtly from Hewitt’s description in that meta- tarsus I is curved (though distinct from H. curvipes) and metatersus II 108 Annals of the South African Museum. is slender and also slightly curved; the arrangement of spines also differs somewhat (spination is hardly a sure character, since it often varies on the corresponding legs of the same specimen; further the spines are too apt to get rubbed off, and the scar left may be easily overlooked). The fovea is deep and slightly recurved at ends. Posterior sternal sigilla are large, oval, and nearly touching margin. Anterior sigilla practically touching margin. Bulb of pedipalp as in Text-fig. 5 xB. Fig. 5.—Hermacha bicolor, Poe. Right hand palp from outer side. In the Port Shepstone specimens the ¢ has longer and more nume- rously spined front legs, but is not apparently distinct from bicolor. Metatarsi I and II are not so much curved as in the Stella Bush specimens, nor are the tarsi so nearly white underneath. The bulb of pedipalp (see Text-fig. 5a) appears distinct from the Stella Bush specimen (fig. B); the difference, however, is due to torsion ; viewed differently, they are the same. Of the females 2 have much lighter legs, but do not differ in struc- tural characters from the darker ones, and are presumably the same species ; in all, however, the bicolor markings are not very pronounced ; the measurements also are not fully in accord with those given by Pocock. There seem, however, no adequate grounds for separating the Port Shepstone specimens from the species. A small g and a young ? (No. 150,504 and 150,627) from On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 109 Howick, Natal (W. F. Purcell, 9/05), also appear to belong to H. bicolor ; although very small (total length 8°5 mm., spinners 2 mm., carapace 4 mm. long and 3 wide) the ¢ agrees with the Port Shepstone specimen. The ? has no bicolor markings and is fairly indeterminable. Asarule 2 Hermacha have so much in common that the separa- tion or identification of specimens, in the absence of a @, is a matter of great uncertainty. The fact that the ¢ ¢ have much clearer specific characters may be due to their free and active life, whereas the ? 9, which live a sedentary life in similarly constructed tubes, generally in a uniform tpye of soil, are naturally more level in character and generally blended together. No doubt the @ differentiations in character are also transmitted in degree to the 2 2, which, with individual and distributional variation, may account for the distinctions which can be made specific in the 2 whenthe ¢ is known. HERMACHA FULVUS, n. sp. (Text-fig. 6). Specimens—One ¢ (No. 150,406) from Caledon (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 7/10). Carapace.—Light mahogany-brown in colour, covered with appressed yellow hairs, longer at border of carapace, which is dark-edged ; fovea shallow and sub-rotund; cephale portion scarcely raised, grooves shallow. Equal in length to metatarsus and 7 to ¢ of tarsus of 4th leg; also equal or subequal to metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg, and equal to tibia and patella of 2nd leg. Hyes.—F ront row with their centres in a straight line; posterior laterals smaller than anterior laterals; medians oval and touching laterals. Abdomen dark brown, covered with short golden brown hairs above and below and with longer, stiffer dark ones above; spots or pattern practically invisible. Under surface ochraceous. Spinners pale ochraceous, equal in length to the sternum; mode- rately stout; penultimate joint shorter than apical or basal joint ; inferior spinners short and about their own diameter apart. Sternum pale orange-brown, slightly darker at border; posterior sternal sigilla small, less than long diameter from margin. Coxae same general colour as sternum; both covered with moderately long dark hairs; the coxae have in addition a slight yellow pubescence. Coxae of pedipalps with a strip of 80-35 denticles. Labium muticous. Chelicerae armed with stiff black hairs at apices; rastellum of moderately short bristles. Inner side of groove with 6-7 teeth, some- what scattered, and 1 or 2 denticles lower down in groove. 110 Annals of the South African Museum. Legs.—Clothed with yellow pubescence and longer fine dark hairs ; under sides paler with olivaceous tinge, especially on femora. Meta- tarsus of Ist leg similar to H. curvipes; considerably curved and much narrower at base. Pedipalps.—Tibia with 2 spines on outer side anteriorly ; 2 under- neath on outer side towards middle, 2 inside underneath by bulb, and 3 on the inner side towards apex. Bulb somewhat pear-shaped, tapering toa hard dark style which curves slightly out and up, and reaches about ? way down the tibia (Text-fig. 6). Spines.—Tarsus and metatarsus of Ist leg spineless, or with at most one spine on under side of metatarsus; tibia has a very stout x curved spine on outer side at apex, and 2 others towards the centre ; 0-1 basal spines on outer under surface, 1-2 spines on inner under Fia. 6.—Hermacha fulvus, n.sp. Right hand pedipalp, outer side. surface and 2 on inner side. Metatarsus IT with 0-1 spines at apex and 1-2 on outer side of under surface. Metatarsi III and IV heavily and somewhat irregularly spined. Scopula on tarsus and metatarsus of both Ist and 2nd legs fairly dense and undivided; scopula on tarsus of 5rd leg undivided ; meta- tarsus scopulated over nearly } its length; scopula on tarsus of 4th leg divided by a band of setae; metatarsus with setose, but with no scopular hairs. Measurements.—Total length 13 mm.; spinners 2°9 mm. ; carapace 6 mm. long and 4-2 mm. wide. HERMACHA NIGRA, 0. sp. Specimens.—Two 9? 3 (Types, No. 13,899), Bergvleit Flats, Cape Peninsula (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 9/04); 15 ? 9 and jv. (No. 12,166). Beregvleit Flats, Cape Peninsula (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 10/02). Carapace-—Dark mahogany brown with sparse short yellowish hairs, somewhat denser towards the hinder portion. Equal in length On Some South African Aviculuriidae (Arachnida). | to tibia, metatarsus, and !—! tarsus of the Ist leg, and equal to or exceeding the metatarsus and tarsus of the 4th leg. Fovea straight. Eyes.—F ront row slightly procurved; anterior medians small and about their own diameter apart; anterior laterals more than this diameter from the anterior margin of the carapace. Posterior medians oval and touching laterals, which are subequal to the anterior laterals. Abdomen.-—Dull olive black-brown, with longer fawn-coloured hairs ; no difference between the upper and under abdomen, save in some cases a faint tree pattern on the upper surface. Spinners.—Just exceeding sternum in length; distal segment lighter brown and slightly longer than the preceding one ; anterior spinners lighter and about their own length apart. Sternum and coxae very dark mahogany colour (coxae slightly the lighter), and clothed with almost black pubescence ; posterior sternal sigilla large; less than their own long diameter from the margin. Labium with 0-2 denticles. Coxae of pedipalps with extensive patch of fine denticles at base. Hair fringing mouth parts rufous in colour. Chelicerae.—Under surface almost red; inner groove bearing 9 teeth. Legs.—Slightly lighter in colour, particularly on upper surface from patella onwards; the latter being lighter and redder than the rest, thus giving a slight bicolour appearance. \ Tibia I equal in length to metatarsus and about 1 of tarsus. Tarsi I and IL with no setal bands; tarsus III with a line of setae down centre, and tarsus IV with a broad band of setae. Metatarsus I with scopula entire, and with 2 apical, | mesial, and 1 basal spines on under surface. Metatarsus II with the scopula very thin to absent on the lower half; 2 apical and 5 other spines on the under surface ; 1 small spine on the inner side and sometimes 1] above. Metatarsi III and IV with a few scopular hairs and setae - distally on under surface. Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen 17 mm.; carapace 6 mm. long and 4 mm. wide; spinners 3 mm. long; length of Ist leg 14 mm. ; of 4th, 16 mm. A ? specimen (No. 150,433) from Caledon agrees with H. nigra in all details save size, and in carapace being considerably longer than tarsus and metatarsus of 4th leg. Measurements.—Leneth 26 mm. ; carapace 8°5 mm. long and 6 mm. wide ; spinners 4.5 mm. and tibia I, 5mm. long. It might possibly bea 2 from a previous season. 8 112 Annals of the South African Museum. A number of 2 specimens (No. 3890) from Knysna are also remarkably close to H. nigra, but vary in a few details. In the absence of ¢ ¢ in any of the cases it is impossible to definitely name the species from Caledon or Knysna as H. nigra, but it is possible that they may be. A number of 2 specimens (No. 13842) from Stellenbosch strongly resemble H. nigra, and are also apparently closely allied to it ; it is no doubt a young example of this species which was described by Simon as Damarchodes purcelli (Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1908, No. 3, p. 43) ; the description, however, is of a juvenile, and is based mainly on colour and lacks specific details. Damarchodes is considered by Purcell to be synonymous with Hermacha ; Hewitt, however, thinks it allied to Pelmatorycter (Aun. Durban Mus. vol. 1, pt. 3, p. 224). HERMACHA NIGRISPINOSUS, Nn. sp. (Text-fig. 7). Specimens.— 8 (Type, No. B 2593) and 20 9 @ from around Sneeuweat Valley (4000-4800 ft.). Gt. Winterhoek Mountains, Tulbagh (R. W. Tucker, April, 1916). 3. Colowr.—Carapace very dark mahogany-brown, darker towards margin, clothed with fairly dense yellow pubescence save in centre from around fovea to ocular tubercle; legs and pedipalps very dark ; posterior pair shghtly lighter, especially distally ; tarsi heht on under surface. Abdomen almost black ; upper surface with yellow pubescence and sparse longer black hairs; under surface shehtly lighter ; genital plate and lung operculae on under side lighter brown. In spirits abdomen is seen to be spotted, especially on sides. Coxae ‘of legs brown with olivaceous tinge ; sternum and coxae of pedipalps reddish- brown. Carapace.—Equal in length to metatarsus and } tarsus of 4th leg; equal to metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg and slightly shorter than tibia and patella. Fovea straight. Hyes.—Anterior medians about $ of their own diameter apart ; laterals larger, broadly oval, oblique, and less than } a median’s diameter from them. Posterior laterals narrowly ovate, subequal in length to anterior laterals ; posterior medians oval, slightly less than ! laterals and nearly touching them. Labium.—Muticous. Coxae of pedipalps with about 34 teeth. Chelicerae with 7 teeth (2 in outer row). Posterior spinners about % length of sternum; distal segment conical, equal to or slightly exceeding middle sezment; sternal sigilla indistinct, On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 1138 Pedipalps—Femur and patella well clad in black hairs; former with a spine on outer and inner sides apically ; latter with spine-like hairs and 1 weak spine on upper apical surface. Tibia with 2 spines anteriorly above and 2 posteriorly below on outer side; on inner side, 2 spines anteriorly above and 5 anteriorly below ; 1 spine posteriorly below; on upper and under surfaces, no spines (1 apparently on anterior under surface included in side spines). Spines black and stout. Palpal organ.—Process of bulb black, stout, compressed laterally, slightly spatulate at end, and curving out and up (Text-fig. 7). Legs.—Metatarsus I bent as in H. curvipes. Metatarsi IT, IL, and IV straight. Tarsislightly curved upwards in centre except on Ist Fia. 7.—Hermacha nigrispinosus, n. sp. Rieht pedipalp, outer side. leg. Tarsi entirely scopulate. Metatarsus 1 scopulate on anterior half. Metatarsus IT scopulate on anterior %; remaiming + with sparse scopular hairs. Metatarsus IIT scopulate on distal 3. Metatarsus TV with a few scopular hairs distally. Spines.—TVibiae and metatarsi fairly heavily armed with strong black spines and clothed in stout black hair, often setiform. Metatarsus I spineless. Metatarsus IT with 1 median and 1 pos- terior spine on inner surface and with 2 spines posteriorly on outer side of under surface. Tibia I with no spines above, 2 on inner side posteriorly, none on outer side; 1 stout apical spur-like spine, 2 median and 2 posterior spines on outer under surface and 2 spines on inner under surface posteriorly. Patella I with 1 anterior and | posterior spine on inner surface, Patella IL with 8 anterior spines on inner surface, 114 Annals of the South African Museum. Patella IIT with 2 small spines on anterior surface and 1 on posterior surface. Patella TV with 1 median spine on posterior surface. Measurements.—Votal length (chelicerae to end of abdomen) 20 mm. ; spinners 2°5 mm.; carapace 7 mm. long, 5°75 mm. broad. 2. Colour asin g; abdomen distinctly marked above and at sides with testaceous flecks, and also to a lesser degree on ventral surface. Sternum and coxae slightly redder in colour ; tarsi not paler below. Carapace.—Equal in length to tibia, metatarsus and 2 to + tarsus of Ist leg ; equal to tarsus and metatarsus of 4th leg. Eyes.—Asin Q. Labium.—Generally muticous ; occasionally with 1 or 2 denticles. Cozxae of pedipalps with 50-54 teeth (variable). Chelicerae.—Usually with 8 teeth on inner side of groove, and 2 to 3 denticles in groove opposite last 3 teeth; one or two specimens have 9 to 10 teeth on one chelicera. Posterior spinners + to + length of sternum ; terminal joint bluntly conical and slightly longer than subterminal joint. Legs.—Tibia I equal to or slightly exceeding metatarsus 1 ; slightly less than tibia of 4th leg. Tarsi I and IT densely scopulate. Tarsus III with faint central line of setae. Tarsus IV with broad dividing line of setae. Metatarsus I scopulate entirely ; 1 spine on lower surface. Meta- tarsus IT scopulate entirely, 1 apical, 0-1 median, and 1-3 basal spines on lower surface. Metatarsus IV with a few scopular hairs distally and with 14 spines. Patella IIT with 1 to 2 small spines on anterior surface; rest of the patellae are spineless. Patella IV occasionally has a spine on posterior surface. Measurements.—Total length 22°5 mm.; spinners 3-4 mm.; leneth of carapace 9 mm., width 7 mm. ; tibia of Ist leg 4 mm. long, HERMACHA PURCELLI, n. sp. (Text-fig. 8). Specimens.—Two g (B 2670, Types) from Ashton, Robertson Div. (Walter and Dr. W. F. Purcell), 7/14 anda ? (No. 12395) from same locality (Dr. Purcell, 11/02). S Colowr.—Carapace and legs dark brown; abdomen testaceous brown above, spotted and flecked with black ; under surface testaceous. Sternum light orange-brown ; coxae slightly lighter. Carapace.—Equal in length to metatarsus and } tarsus IV; also equals tibia and metatarsus I, and considerably exceeds metatarsus and tarsus I, Fovea straight to slightly procurved, On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 115 Eyes.—Anterior row procurved ; medians large and about a radius apart ; laterals oval, only slightly larger and less than a medians radius from latter. Posterior medians smaller than posterior laterals and touching them. Spinners.— About * of the sternum in length ; apical jomt longer than sub-apical. Labium about 3 times as wide as long, and muticous. Coxae of pedipalps with a basal patch of about 30 teeth. Chelicerae with 7 teeth on inner side, and one large denticle in groove. Posterior sternal sigilla long, oval, fairly deeply impressed, and about their own long diameter from margin, Pedipalps.—Femur with a spine anteriorly on each side of upper Fig. 8 —Hermacha purcelli, n. sp. Left pedipalp, inner side. surface. Patella with one spine anteriorly on inner surface. ‘Tibia with 4 strong spines on inner surface and 5 on outer, and with a few stout setose hairs on under surface ; tarsus unspined. Tibia hollowed on under side anteriorly ; bulb large and swollen; process slightly curved down and out, flattened dorso-ventrally and tending to be spatulate at its extremity (Text-fig. 8). Legs.—Metatarsus I with distal } stouter, and curved downwards and slightly outwards. Metatarsus IL slightly curved, IIT and IV straight ; I and II paler distally. Scopulation—Tarsi I and II with scopulae undivided ; IIT with narrow dividing line of long setae; IV with a very broad dividing line of strong setae. Metatarsus I scopulate over distal 3, Hl over distal 2; III with scopular hairs on distal }, IV with setose hairs. Spines.—Tarsi I, II, and IIIT unspimed; IV with 0-1 spines on anterior side distally. Metatarsus I with 1 small apical and 1-2 116 Annals of the South African Museum. stouter spmes on under surface. Metatarsus II with 1-2 apical, 3 stout spines on under surface basally and 3 on inner upper surface ; IIT and LV heavily spined. All femora spined on upper surface. Measurements.— Length of carapace just over 7 mm., width 5°3 mm., chelicerae to end of abdomen 16mm. ; tibia I 3°6mm., slightly exceeding metatarsus I in length; tibia IT slightly less than metatarsus IT. 2 Colour.—Carapace and legs dark to medium. brown; under surface as in ¢ but shghtly browner. Carapace.—Slightly shorter than tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus ‘of Ist leg, and subequal to tibia and metatarsus of 4th leg. Fovea shehtly procurved. Hyes.—Anterior medians less than a diameter apart, but a diameter or more from the anterior laterals which are a long oval and larger in area; posterior row with medians smaller than laterals, and touching them. Spinners.—Equal in leneth to * of sternum; apical joint slightly shorter than subapical. Labium muticous; coxae of pedipalps with 25-30 teeth at base anteriorly. Chelicerae with 8 teeth on inner side and | large derticle in groove towards base. Posterior sternal sigilla oval, about their long diameter from margin, and fairly deeply impressed; median sigilla in form of a semicircular impression on margin of carapace opposite 2nd coxae, Pedipalps.—Yarsi scopulate and with 2-3 spines basally on under surface. ‘Tibia with 4 apical and 4 other spines on under surface and 1 median spine on inner surface ; femur and patella unspined. Legs.—Varsi I and I with scopulae undivided ; III with band of dividing setae; IV with broader band of stronger setae down centre. Metatarsi I and If scopulate to base; IIT with scopular hairs on distal 3; IV with no scopular hairs but with numerous setae. Tibia I longer than metatarsus I. Spines.—Tarsi unspined. Metatarsus I with 2 apical, and 5 spines basally on under surface; metatarsus IIT similar but with an extra apical spine, and a median spine on inner surface; metatarsus III with 6-7 apical and 11 other spines; metatarsus IV heavily spined, especially at apex. Patella HII with 3 spines on anterior surface, set ina patch of short stout bristles. Femora unspined, but with 1 or 2 long bristles proximally on upper surface. Measurements.—Total length 19°4 mm.; carapace 7 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide; spinners 3°3 mm., and sternum about 3:9 mm. long ; tibia I, 2:8 mm. long. to] On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). IULe, Gren. PIONOTHELE, Pure. PIONOTHELE STRAMINEA, Pure. 1902. P. straminea, Purcell, Tr. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. 11, pt. 4, p. 381. 1903. 2) Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 2, p. 907. Specimens.— § and 2 (No. 11,707) Stompneus, St. Helena Bay, Malmesbury Division (J. Gould, 5/02). 2? Carapace.—Light mahogany-brown in colour, with slightly darker radiating stripes; cephalic portion lighter in colour and raised. Equal in length to, or slightly exceeding, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg; longer than metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg, and equal to tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of 2nd leg (on the other side, however, it only equals the tibia and { of the metatarsus; the same side of the specimen is also less heavily spined, as noted below). Fovea very slightly pro- curved and wider than the ocular tubercle. Hyes.—Anterior row slightly procurved (seen from above) ; medians large, sulequal to laterals, and quite their own diameter apart ; laterals subrotind. Posterior row straight to shehtly recurved ; laterals much smaller than anterior laterals and about their own long diameter from them: medians exceedingly small and nearly touching laterals. Abdomen.—Dull testaceous brown in colour, spotted above, very shehtly lighter underneath and with sparse long brown hairs. Spinners.—Equal in length to ~ of the sternum; stout and sub- conical; terminal joint very short and with stiff bristly hairs at apex. Sternum.—Broad posteriorly, narrowing anteriorly. Labium muticous ; coxae of pedipalps with a narrow strip of about 20 teeth. Chelicerae with a row of 6 teeth, and 2 or 5 inner denticles. Legs.—Slightly lighter than carapace in colour. Tibia of Ist leg equal in length to the metatarsus. ‘Tarsus and metatarsus of Ist and 2nd legs scopulated and with no setal bands; tarsus of 3rd leg clothed with long and somewhat setiform scopular hairs; setose hairs also down metatarsus, which tapers distally; tarsus of 4th leg with scopular hairs also long and setiform, and with somewhat similar hairs on the metatarsus. Spines.—Metatarsus I with 2 weak apical spines, and 1-2 basal spines on under surface; metatarsus IT with 2 stronger apical spines, and 2 basal spines on under surface. Tarsus IV has 0-1 spines ; metatarsus IV has 3-4 apical spines underneath ; the two central ones being very long (1—! the length of the tarsus); about 3 other spines on the under surface, and very numerous ones on the upper and lateral 118 Annals of the South African Museum. surfaces, particularly on the outer surface (the right-hand metatarsus had over 20 spines and the left had under 10; the left leg was also shorter). Pedipalps.—Armed with 1 spine on outer side of base of tarsus ; 4 apical spines on under surface of tibia, 1 median and 1 basal spine on outer side of under surface, and 4—5 on inner surface of tibia. Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen, 13°5 mm. Carapace 5mm. long and 3°2 mm. wide; spinners 2min. long. Tibia of Ist leg 2mm. long. Though the material is scanty and only in moderate preservation, the genus Pionothele seems sufficiently distinct from Hermacha to remain separate from it. Famiry DIPLOTHELEAE. Gen. DIPLOTHELE, Cambr. Of the three genera of the group, Acropholius and Cestrotrema (Sun. ) are both confined to Madagascar, and Diplothele to India and Ceylon. The following species from Rhodesia does not agree with the Mada- gascan genera, but comcides rather with the Indian genus ; it differs therefrom in certain respects, but the differences are not generic. DIPLOTHELE ARCTURUS, ND. sp. Specimens.—A 9 (No. B2189, Type) from Arcturus, Salisbury (Dr. Melle, 12/15). Colour. —Carapace and legs light reddish brown; upper surface of abdomen dull blackish brown, flecked with numerous testaceous spots ; under abdomen testaceous with a black spot directly below the vulva. Sternum, coxae, and under side of legs slightly lighter than the carapace. The latter is marked with numerous infuscated lines radiating from the fovea; sides of cephalic region lightly infuscated ; ocular tubercle almost entirely black. Carapace.—Equal in length to the tibia, metatarsus and } tarsus of Ist leg, and to the metatarsus and ?# tarsus of the 4th leg. Orna- mented with appressed yellow hairs and scattered black bristles, which are most numerous on the cephalic portion. Fovea small and straight, cephalic edge longer and slightly procurved. Ocular area wider than long. Hyes.—Anterior laterals oval, oblique, and nearly their long diameter apart anteriorly ; anterior medians round and _ slightly smaller than the anterior laterals; at ieast their own diameter behind the latter and from each other. The anterior eve area is thus slightly On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 119 narrower posteriorly. Posterior medians very small, and touching laterals, which are long oval and oblique, and situated in a recurved line with the anterior medians, and a procurved line with posterior medians. Spinners.—Two only. (As in Fig. 110, p. 117, Simon, Hist. Nat. des Araign. vol. 1, 1892.) Sternum.—As broad as long; bearing stiff black hairs, especially on posterior borders. Three pairs of sternal sigilla; small, marginal, equal in size and opposite Ist, 2nd and 8rd coxae respectively. Labium quite twice as wide as long, and bearing 4 apical teeth. Coxae of pedipalps with a small basal patch of 15-20 teeth. Chelicerae.— Clothed with moderately long hairs; rastellum not prominent, composed of a row of very slender spines which are longer on internal border. A single row of 9 strong teeth on inner border of groove. and a patch of denticles in the basal portion of the groove, itself. Hairs around mouth parts long and copper-red in colour. Legs.—Tarsi with no clavate hairs on upper surface; scopulae entire on under surfaces, and each divided by a band of setae which is faint in the Ist leg, and progressively stronger and wider to the 4th leg. Metatarsi I and II scopulate and with a faint trace of setae down centre; metatarsus IIT faintly scopulate over distal }—3 of its length ; metatarsus ITV over distal } only; each with a line of long strong setae extending beyond the scopulated portion. farsi Land IL = length of their metatarsi, IIT and IV $ or slightly less. Spines.—Tarsi spineless. Metatarsus I spineless ; metatarsus IT with 1 or 2 spines basally on under surface; metatarsi ITT and IV armed with long strong spines. Patella ILI with 5 spines on anterior surface and 1 on posterior; rest of surface covered with strong bristly hairs ; other patellae spineless. Tarsal claws with a single tooth situated anteriorly in the bend of the claw ; claws longer than the fascicles. Pedipalps.—Tarsus scopulated and divided by a line of setae; tibia weakly spined below. Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen, 15 mm. Carapace 6-2 mm. long, 5 mm. wide. Legs, in order from 1-4, approximately 14, 18, 18, and 17 mm. in leneth. Pancny. DIPLUREDA RK: Gen. THELECHORIS, Karsch. This genus has been made synonymous with [schnothele (see Simon Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2nd ed. vol. 11, pt. 4, 1903, p. 968); from material now to hand it would appear that the synonymy is not valid, and Thelechoris is perfectly distinct from Ischnothele. It seems that 120 Annals of the South African Museum. hitherto certain 9 Thelechoris have been described as Ischnothele, whilst before the genera were merged, ¢ Ischnothele were referred to Thelechoris; thus the @ palp figured in Sim. Hist. Nat. des Araign. 2nd ed. vol. i, 1892, p. 70, as of Thelechoris, is characteristic of Ischnothele. Hence as up till now only Ischnothele & & were known, and the 9 2? of both genera were much alike, the synonymy was probably established on ‘account of the cross descriptions referred to above. The ¢ Uhelechoris described below makes it clear that the genera are distinct, and the ? characters set out by Simon in Hist. Nat. des Araign. 1892, p. 187, should be sufficient to separate Thelechoris from Ischnothele as instituted by Ausserer in Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien. 1875, pp. 162 and 163. THELECHORIS AUSTRALIS, Pure. (Text-fig. 9 a, B and c). 1903. T. australis, Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. vol. iii, pt. 4, p. 106. Specimens.— 6 and 2 (No. B 1948), Durban, Natal (H. W. Bell-Marley, 10/1915), and 1 ¢ and 2 ? ? (No. B 2401), Grahams- town (Dr. W. F. Purcell, 7/10/05); also 7 9 2? (No. B 2402), from Cookhouse, Somerset E. g Colour as in female; perhaps slightly lighter and less infuscated ; spinners pale and posterior ones less darkly ringed at apices of segments. Under abdomen paler than dorsal surface; genital plate and lung operculae brown; legs faintly banded by olive infuscations. Carapace as long as metatarsus IV, and equal to metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg. Fovea slightly recurved. Hyes.— Anterior row equidistant, strongly recurved. Medians large, round, and almost equalling in size the broadly oval, oblique, lateral eyes. Posterior -row straight; medians small, oval, touching laterals, which are smaller than anterior laterals. Labium and coxae of pedipalps muticous ; white inner border of the latter is raised above the rest and separated by a fine groove. Chelicerae with 10-11 teeth on inner border, alternately large and small, especially anteriorly. Spinners.— Posterior ones 75 mm. long; about equal to patella, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus of Ist leg; apical joint equal to basal and median joints in length. Legs in order 4, 3, 2, 1. Metatarsi much longer than tarsi, especially in legs 5 and 4; metatarsus I straight and moderately spined, especially at apex below; metatarsus II slightly curved inwards towards base, where it is also stouter; provided on lower surface, towards base of inner side, with a small tubercle bearing an On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 121 ordinary spine; more numerous spines than on metatarsus [; tibia I subequal to metatarsus I and stouter. Tibia IL shorter than meta- Fig. 9.—Thelechoris australis, Pure. A. Right palp, outer side. B. Left palp, under side. C. Right-hand second leg, inner side. tarsus IT, much stouter and bearing on under side of inner surface, over one-third-way down, a stout process which has 5 teeth on its inner and under edge (see Text-fig. 9c); imner side with 3 slender 122 Annals of the South African Museum. spines in a row behind each other; other scattered spines also. Metatarsi and tibiae of 3rd and 4th legs with long, fairly numerous spines. ‘Tarsus I reddish in colour, infuscated terminally ; scanty scopula anteriorly and 1 or so weak spines. Tarsus II lighter and with 2 or 3 spines and more scopular hairs. Tarsi III and IV still lighter, more numerously spined, and with more plentiful scopulation distally ; in all cases the scopular hairs are long and setose. Claws of 4th leg with uniseriate row of 5 teeth; anterior teeth longest ; claws of 1st leg with row of 6 or 7 long fine teeth. Pedipalps.—Tarsus short and oblong; tibia swollen medially and posteriorly ; neither are spined, but tibia carries long setose hairs, particularly on under surface. Basal part of bulb pear-shaped tapering gradually to a long, fine, inwardly curved style, the apex of which curves slightly downwards and reaches to base of tibia (Text-fig. 9 a and B). Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen, 9 mm.; spinners 75 mm.; length of carapace 4 mm., width 3°6 mm.; length of Ist leg 10°75 mm.; 2nd leg 12°25 mm. ; 3rd leg 13°5 mm.; 4th leg 15 mm. It may be mentioned that in the 9 the Ist and 2nd legs are always practically equal in length, the Ist being longer only by a mere fraction of a millimetre. The Grahamstown specimens are much smaller, and the male is newly moulted, and maimed in one palp, but the characters are identical. In the females shght variations from the type occur in the eyes; the Natal specimen having the median anteriors lghter and apparently slightly larger than the type, whilst in the Grahams- town specimen the posterior medians appear slightly longer, oval, and nearer to the anterior medians. Thelechoris and Ischnothele being now separated, T'helechoris australis, Pure. loc. cit., retains its name. Thelechoris karschi, Bos. & Lens., Hamburg Anstalt. vol. 12, p. 27, pl. LU, fig. 31 and 31 a and b, appears to be Ischnothele karschi; the description is of a 2, based mainly on colour and markings, and is lacking in detail. Thelechoris rutenbergi, Karsch, Abhl. d. Naturw. v. Bremen, vol. x1, 1881, p. 196, retains its name, and is not Ischnothele rutenbergi as noted by Simon in Bull. Mus. d’ Hist. Nat. 1902, No. 7, p. 514. Ischnothele mashonica, Poc., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (7), vol. 7, p. 337, though most vaguely described, appears a true Ischnothele , likewise Ischnothele catamita, Sim., in Ann. del Mus. Civ. Genov. Volar, ap.p9: On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 123 “tt Gen. ISCHNOTHELE, Ausserer. Entomothele, Simon, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1889, pp. 235-6. ? Schismatothele, Karsch, Zeitsch. f. ¢. Naturw. lu, 1879, p. 544. Mygale quianaise (M. quianensis), Walckenaer, Hist. Nat. des Ins. Apt. 1837, vol. i, p. 231, from South America, appears from description to be an Ischnothele. ISCHNOTHELE GRACILIS, n. sp. (Text-fig. 10). Specimen.— & (No. 8500) from East Africa, probably Mocambique (Dr. J.D: EF: Gilchrist). Carapace. Reddish-brown in centre and cephalic region, shading to a pale golden-brown; margin slightly black-edged posteriorly ; Fra. 10.—Ischnothele gracilis, n. sp. Right hand pedipalp, outer side. cephalic grooves moderately deep; fovea deep and transverse at bottom. Carapace ornamented with dark radiating lines and some- what sparse appressed yellow hairs. In length it equals the 4th meta- tarsus, the lst metatarsus and tarsus, and Ist tibia and metatarsus ; its breadth equals its length, namely, 6°5 mm. Hyes.—Ocular tubercle quite 53 times as wide as long; front row of eyes procurved; medians large and round, nearly their own diameter apart; anterior laterals slightly less in area than medians, less than a median’s diameter from them and from anterior margin of carapace. Posterior row practically straight along hind margins ; median posteriors very small, subtriangular, oblique, hind margins touching laterals, which are elongate and equal to or greater than anterior laterals. Abdomen.—Dark brown with shght purplish tinge; narrow oblique 124 | Annals of the South African Museum. testaceous lines on upper surface, with a round pale yellow spot on either side anteriorly. Under surface testaceous in colour, ornamented as in I. (Thelechoris) karschi, but region between marks on inner margin of lower lung pockets and down to spinners is speckled black, the flecks assuming the form of 3 horizontal lines, the lower one touching the base of the anterior spinners. Abdomen clothed with long foxy-brown hairs, long dorsally, shorter ventrally. Spinners also clothed with long hairs. Superior spinners unfor- tunately have the last joint missing; length of remainder is about 5 mm.; basal joint equals # length of sternum and is slightly longer than the penultimate segment of superior spinners. Sternwm.—Rich orange-red in colour, clothed with long dark hairs; as broad as long and with 3 small sigilla on each side, level with hind margins of Ist, 2nd, and 3rd coxae, and about their own lengths from margin. Coxae light yellowish-brown and clothed with longish dark hairs. Labium muticous, very much broader than long, and with light- coloured apex. Coxae of pedipalps slightly darker than leg coxae and with area of numerous denticles. Chelicerae same colour as central carapace, clothed with long fairly stiff hairs, curving over apex ; no rastellum; both margins of groove with teeth ; 5-6 on inner, anterior ones being the larger, and 8-9 on outer margin, with 2 two smaller inner teeth between 7th and 8th teeth. Legs pale yellowish-brown, with faint olivaceous tinge towards tarsi; long and clothed with long and fairly stiff hairs (often some- what spine-hke), and faintly banded in appearance. No scopulae on the metatarsi; tarsi scopulate to base and with dividing lines of setae, which are most distinct on 3rd and 4th tarsi; 3rd and 4th metatarsi fairly heavily spimed. Tibia of Ist leg with, small outward and upwardly curving spur on outer apex. Pedipalps.—'Tarsus long, tapering to tip, and with 5-6 spines down each under side towards apex; swelling at base for attachment of palpal organ; latter somewhat heart-shaped, indented and tapering suddenly to a fine style which grows almost hair-like towards apex, and is slightly curved inwards and upwards, as in Text-fig. 10. Tarsus with 5-6 spines down each under side at apex. Measurements.—Chelicerae to end of abdomen 17 mm. ; carapace length and breadth, 65 mm.; sternum, length and breadth, 3-5 mm. ; 4th leg 23 mm., 3rd, 21:8 mm., 2nd, 21 mm., Ist, 19 mm. long. The order 4, 8, 2, 1 is also in agreement with Ausserer’s character for Ischnothele. On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 125 Famity. CTENIZIDAR. SEGREGARA, gen. nov. (Text-fig. 1] a.) This name is proposed for the inclusion of such forms as have the characters of eyes, legs, chelicerae, etc., of the sub-family Idiopeae, but d d, Kia. ll.—a. Segregara. b. Gorgyrella. c. Clenolophus = Idiops. d. Idiops (fryt) 2. d,. Idiops (pullus) go. e. Heligomerus (caffer). are distinct in the possession of 3 pairs of small marginal sigilla. Hitherto these have been placed in the genus Acanthodon (Guérin, 1838), which apparently applied originally to forms with 2 pairs of sigilla only, and was made synonymous with Idiops (Perty, 1853) by O. P. Cambridge in 1870, and again by Simon in 1905. 126 Annals of the South African Museum. The name Acanthodon, therefore, should have lapsed. Segregara takes its place for forms with sternum (a) (Text-fig. 11); Idiops form (d) should include form (e); and form (b) would retain the name Gorgyrella (Purcell, 1902). For the above and later reasons Hewitt’s inclusion of (a), (6), and (c) under Acanthodon is not considered valid. THE NamrE ACANTHODON. In 1885, Delictus Anim. &c., pp. 197-8 (pl. 39, fig. 5), Perty founds the genus Idiops on a ¢ specimen, I. fuscus, from Brazil. In 1837 Walckenaer, in Ins. Apt. vol. i, p. 379, misquotes the type as I. aculeatus, and makes it synonymous with Es hiceius (now a synonym of Oxyopes : Fam. Oxyopidae). In 1838-9 Guérin in ‘ Arachnides du Voyage de la Favorite,’ and ‘ Rev. Zoologique’ founds the genus Acan- thodon on a 9 specimen from Brazil, and this name is used by Walckenaer in “ Supplement a ? Ordre des Arancides,” Ins. Apt. vol. 11 p. 434. In P.Z.S, 1870, p. 101,O0. P. Cambridge gives a short resumé of the history of Idiops (Perty), in which he states that ‘“ M. Guérin- Meneville (without any reference to the genus established by M. Perty) founded the genus Acanthodon upon another spider undoubtedly congeneric with that upon which the genus Idiops had been previously established”; and that Walckenaer appears to have overlooked its identity with Idiops when including it in Ins. Apt. tom. xi, p. 434 (not 254, as quoted in P.Z.8.). In 1871 Ausserer separates I. sigillatus, described by Cambridge in 1870, as a new genus Idiosoma (Verh. z. b. g. Wien, 1871, p. 150). In 1892, Hist. Nat. des Ar., both Acanthodon and Idiops are included by Simon under Idiopeae, the main separating characters being given on pp. 89 and 92 as the eyes; the name Idiops is here applied to the American species only. In P.Z.S. 1897, p. 731, Pocock divides the species referred to Idiops by Cambridge in 1870, and places the two African forms (meadii and thorelli) in the genus Acanthodon; probably according to Simon, although no reasons are given for the separation. A new species, Acanthodon lacustris, is also described from 2 Q specimens (Lake Tanganyika), and the diagram of the sternum coincides with that for Idiops and Ctenolophus (Text-fig. 11 (¢) and (d) ), which is accounted for as below. (Simon later puts A. lacustrisin his genus Titanidiops, Hist. Nat. des Ar. 1903, p. 890). In 1898, A.M.N.H. (7), vol.i, p. 320, Pocock describes a new species, Acanthodon pretoriae, from South Africa, and tabulates it with the other African species. On Some South African Aviculartidae (Arachnida). 127 In 1902, Purcell in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. xi, pt. 4, and Ann. 8. Afr, Mus. vol. i, pt. 4, describes several new species of Acanthodon, also from South Africa, and in the former proposes the genus Gorgy- rella for form (b). In 1908, loc. cit. p. 888, Simon having received a 2? Idiops unites Acanthodon and Idiops as having rested previously on a sexual character only ; adding further that the latter genus should be con- fined to American species, and proposing Titanidiops tor the African species. The name Acanthodon should therefore disappear. In 1903, P.Z.S. p. 350, Pocock apparently accepts Acanthodon as a synonym of Idiops. In 1904, Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc., vol. xv, pt. 38, Purcell removes all his species from Acanthodon, 2 of which, both 2 2, namely, A. fryi and A. versicolor, he transfers to the genus Idiops; and for the other species, both ¢ g and 2 92, he makes a new genus, Ctenolophus. Sub- sequently new species are described by Purcell under Idiops, but none are added by him to Ctenolophus. Hewitt, however (Rec. Albany Mus. vol. ii, 1913), adds several new species to both genera. But previously, in Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 1, p. 74, 1910, Hewitt describes the supposed 2 of A. pretoriae (Poc. 1898), although the genus disappeared finally in 1903. In Rec. Albany Mus. vol. ii, p. 418, he refers the species to Idiops, giving no reasons ; and in the same volume, p. 471, describes a new species, Acanthodon microps. In Ann. 'Transv. Mus. vol. 5, pt. 6, p. 97, footnote, having examined the type, Hewitt speaks of J. thorelli (Cambr.) as being a true Acanthodon. However, in Rec. Albany Mus. vol. ii, pt. 5, p. 412, he describes a new species, Ctenolophus transvaglensis; then later (Rec. Alb. Mus. vol. ii, p. 473, footnote) places it under Gorgyrella, as it possesses 3 pairs of sternal sigilla, the 3rd pair very small (hence it cannot be a Gorgyrella at all (Text-fig. 11 B)); later still he settles it as Acanthodon, and considers the two latter genera inseparable (Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. v, pt. 3, p. 183). Hence apparently Acanthodon as used by Hewitt should have the sternum as in fig. (A), 7.e., with 8 pairs of small sternal sigilla, of which he regards (B) as a variation. Further, in Rec. Alb. Mus. vol. xi, p. 473, Hewitt adds a footnote that, according to Hirst, Ctenolophus is a synonym of Acanthodon ; and later states, in lit., that he has examined Guérin’s type A. petiti, and considers that 9 Ctenolophus is congeneric with it. But Guérin’s A. petiti is an Idiops according to Cambridge, and according to Simon also it should be referred to that genus. Hence, when Hewitt says that Otenolophus and A. petiti are congeneric, it may be taken as 9 128 Annals of the South African Museum. equivalent to saying that Ctenolophus is congeneric with Idiops, which is borne out by the diagrams (c) and (D). But in Ann. Durban Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 225, Hewitt considers the ‘South African species now referred to this genus (Acanthodon) con- generic with the genotype of Acanthodon (Guérin) from Brazil,’ and gives a short diagnosis of Acanthodon, in which he states that there are “either 2 or 3 pairs of sternal sigilla, the Ist pair marginal or sometimes (= Gorgyrella, Pure.) a little separate from the margin.” He thus includes all 3 forms a. B, and c,as one genus under the name Acanthodon ; which, if Guérin’s type is identical with Purcell’s Cteno- lophus as he maintains, has but 2 sternal sigilla as in (c), and does not apply to forms (a) and (8), but did and still does apply to forms (D) now known as Idiops. Thus, as the following will tend to show, the name Acanthodon disappeared once in 1870 (Cambr.) and once again in 1903 (Sim.), and was accepted as synonymous with Idiops by Pocock in 1903. Hewitt, however, still uses the name, and further includes under it the 3 forms as above; whereas it would seem more fitting to keep Gorgyrella separate, unite Ctenolophus with Idiops, and substitute Segregara for the form (a) hitherto described under the lapsed name Acanthodon. The creation of a new name seems neces- sary, since Simon’s Titanidiops does not appear to be the same as form (A), but rather should agree with form (p). It may be mentioned that Ctenolophus and Idiops differ in one respect, namely, the latter has two rows of teeth on the cheliceral groove, whilst the outer row is represented in Ctenolophus by minute denticles only ; this by itself is perhaps hardly sufficient for separation, though fairly constant, but would no doubt serve to divide the group into two main classes. From the above résumé, it would seem that M. Perty founded the genus Idiops. Guérin, not having referred to this, subsequently founded the genus Acanthodon on a specimen, A. petiti, which was con- generic with Perty’s Idiops. Walckenaer subsequently not only adopted Guérin’s Acanthodon, but erroneously concluded that Perty’s Idiops was really a Sphasus. This mistake was rectified later, but Acanthodon was left standing. Cambridge then (P.Z.S. 1870) states definitely that Acanthodon is identical with Perty’s Idiops, and describes a series of species for this genus,from South America, Syria, Africa, and Australia; unfortunately he thus describes species which were generically different from Idiops. Hence Ausserer puts the Australian species I. sigillata into a new genus Idiosoma, and Simon subsequently reduces Idiops to the South American species and places the rest under Acanthodon, in which genus he includes as a synonym Ausserer’s On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 129 Idiosoma. In 1897 Pocock records the two African species of Idiops (thorelli and meadii) described by Cambridge in 1870 as Acanthodon, and describes a new species of the genus from ? specimens. Sub- sequently Simon makes Acanthodon a synonym of Idiops, and con- stitutes the synonymy of the latter genus as on p. 889, Hist. Nat. des Ar. 1903; apparently re-establishing Ausserer’s Idiosoma. The generic type for [diops thus reverts to Perty’s I. fuscus, and Acanthodon disappears; A. petiti becoming J. petiti. For species other than American, Simon makes new genera, Pachyidiops and Titanidiops ; which Hewitt, however, does not think valid (Ann. Durb. Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 225, note). Purcell in 1904 removes all his species from Acanthodon, placing some in a new genus, Ctenolophus, and the rest in Idiops. About 1910 Hewitt describes the supposed 2 of Acanthodon pretoriae, of which the ¢ was described by Pocock in 1898, and subsequently describes other species under the genus Acanthodon, although the name had lapsed. Amongst species which finally come to rest under Acanthodon are forms with 3 pairs of small marginal sternal sigilla, which Hewitt considers generically the same as Purcell’s Gorgyrella; further, having examined Guérin’s type on which Acanthodon was originally based, he finds that Ctenolophus is congeneric with the original Acanthodon (which, however, is Idiops) ; hence Ctenolophus, Gorgyrella, and an apparently new form are all included by him under the lapsed Acanthodon. If sternal sigilla are thus considered valueless for generic separation, Idiops itself has little support; hence it is not surprising that Hewitt considers it probable that ‘‘ Acanthodon and Idiops will eventually be united” (Ann. Durb. Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 225, footnote) ; in fact the subfamily Idiopeae would practically become one big genus. A possible solution is suggested in the previous and following pages in which the name Segregara shall be applied to forms with 3 pairs of small marginal to [submarginal sigilla, from which fresh genera, Gorgyrella and Idiops (including Ctenolophus), have branched off. Sytematic VALUE OF STERNAL SiciLua (Text-figs. 12 and 13). In connection with the genus Pelimatorycter, Hewitt states (Ann. Durb Mus. vol. i, pt. 3, p. 223) that ‘‘ the character of the position of the posterior sternal sigilla is only of specific importance, for in the genus Pelmatorycter these sigilla may be small and submarginal, or very large and submedian.”’ This may perhaps be because specimens of the genus Ancylotrypa have been included as Pelmatorycter. In specimens of both genera available for examination great similarity exists, and the posterior sternal sigilla show less divergence than in 130 Annals of the South African Museum. other genera discussed ; yet, taking sigilla as the criterion, two distinct classes can be distinguished, to each of which a generic name had previously been given on other and less reliable characters. Ancylotrypa.—Posterior sternal sigilla oval, marginal to submedian ; and their distance apart always exceeds the width of the labium, and is also much greater than their long diameter. The distance between their inner anterior margins greatly exceeds the distance from the latter to the margin of the sternum. Pelmatorycter.— Posterior sternal sigilla large, oval or pear-shaped, Fig. 12.—A. Ancylotrypa cornuta g. B. Pelmatorycter namaquensis g. C, A. pusilla g. D. P. pallidipes g. and median to submedian in position; the distance apart usually less than, and rarely equal to, the width of the labium, and also seldom exceeding the long diameter of the sigilla. The distance between the inner anterior margins is considerably less than from the latter to the margin of the sternum. In both genera the 2 anterior pairs of sigilla are small, less distinct, and marginal; in Pelmatorycter the 2nd pair are submarginal. The characters given in the original generic descriptions are not of primary importance, the dentition of the tarsal claws being especially variable ; the eyes, however, are of some importance, since in Ancylo- On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida) 131 trypa the ocular area is scarcely wider posteriorly than anteriorly, is shorter in comparison with the width, and has the posterior row of eyes smaller and more subequal in size than Pelmatorycter ; the latter also has the posterior tarsi of the 2 @ more heavily spined on the under surface. Further, Ancylotrypa are considerably smaller and slenderer in build, and the ¢ ¢ have shorter palps, and the 9 2 more oblong (or cylindrical) abdomens than in Pelmatorycter. Thus among Hewitt’s recent additions (Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. v, No. 3, p. 192, etc.) to the genus Pelmatorycter, are forms such as P. parvus and P. brevipalpis, etc., which from the descriptions appear to belong to Ancylotrypa ; further, a 2 specimen depicted in fig. 10, pl. XXVI, and referred to as a species near brevipalpis, possesses the characteristic size and shape of Ancylotrypa, and would no doubt possess the sternal characters also. Not only in Pelmatorycter and Ancylotrypa, but m the preceding and other genera, sternal sigilla appear to be a sufficient generic distinction. When one considers that these sigilla are the marks formed by attachments of the powerful internal thoracic muscles which actuate the legs, their significance is not inconsiderable. A difference in position and size of the posterior sternal sigilla, as shown by Gorgyrella and Segregara (Text-fig. 11), can only mean a difference in arrangement and action of the thoracic musculature which makes the two forms entirely separate. In the above case both are ground- trapdoor-tube builders, and are also alike im external appearance. It is generally admitted that genera arise in evolution by branching off from a common stock, and therefore intermediate forms are at times only to be expected. Although the posterior sternal sigilla of Gorgyrella are equivalent to the corresponding ones of Segregara, and have probably been formed by the enlargement and forward migration of the posterior sternal muscles of a Segregara-like stock, it seems quite legitimate to consider that branch generically distinct. The supposition of the development of Gorgyrella from a Segregara-like form seems borne out by the young examples of Gorgyrella, in which the posterior sigilla bear more resemblance in conformation and size to those of some adult forms of Segregara, whilst the adult forms do not. Inall specimens of Gorgyrella examined the muscle attachments are as in Text-fig. 118, and though some may perhaps be smaller and shghtly further apart posteriorly or vice versii, the arrangement is invariably characteristic and distinct. A parallel case to this is furnished by Homostola and Spiroctenus ; Hewitt considers that Homostola zebrina is “an aberrant Spiroctenus standing somewhat isolated in the genus owing to the large size and close approximation 132 Annals of the South African Museum. of the posterior sternal sigilla’’ (Ann. Durb. Mus. vol. 1, pt. 3, p. 233). Fig. 13 shows the characters under consideration, and though no doubt the one form can be considered as arising from the other by a muscular alteration and migration as in Gorgyrella, the difference thus brought about is surely generic. No doubt, as Hewitt says, the characters by which Simon separates the Cyrtaucheniex from the Nemesieae are not very clear and definite ; and further knowledge will perhaps bring about rearrangements there and elsewhere. Never- Fra. 138.—Homostola zebrina. B. Spiroctenus validus. C. Spiroctenus schreineri. D. Stictogaster reticulatus. theless, though Homostola should preferably be in the same group as Spiroctenus, the two seem generically separate. Stictogaster (Text- fiz. 13D), contains but the one species on which the genus was founded, and is allied to, but distinct from, Spiroctenus; further material and the discovery of the ¢ ¢ of the specimens is necessary to decide whether the generic characters are constant and valid; in the meantime, there is no advantage in calling it Spiroctenus. Hewitt apparently considers that as extreme members of one genus may resemble the opposite extreme members of another genus, that On Some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). 133 the whole form one series with the sigilla as a specific character only ; but the difficulty of placing a form such as Gorgyrella in the same genus as one such as Segregara seems greater than that of separting such forms as constitute the so-called intermediate forms. Both Simon and Purcell considered the character, when strongly shown as above, to be more than specific, and so far as I am able to see, that view is correct. The Ctenizidae are not alone in having muscle-scars or sigilla as a generic character ; in the Hresidx, for example, the two genera Hresus and Dresserus, of which the 2 2 greatly resemble each other, can be separated at a glance owing to the dorsal abdominal sigilla. The two anterior pairs of muscle attachments are close together in Dresserus and separate in Hresus; in addition Dresserus is distinct in having 4 small cribellal plates instead of 2 large ones. The point, however, is that the character, though scarcely so important as the differences which exist in the Ctenizidae, is nevertheless of generic significance ; so that it seems justifiable to consider that, although the genera of 4- lunged terricolous spiders of South Africa will perhaps have to be re-crouped and in some cases merged, the relegation of sternal sigilla to a merely specific character in order to simplify matters, is not sound. It is quite possible that sternal sigilla will afford a means of tracing the generic development of such groups as the Idiopeae. As far as can be seen, from out of the cross identification and synonymy of the past, the fact emerges that Idiops exists in Africa and South America (as well as in Central Asia, Syria, Arabia, India, and Burma) and includes as synonyms the majority of species described under Acanthodon. Further in this group occurs the genus Gorgyrella, found only in South Africa; Heligomerus, found in Tropical Africa, India, and Ceylon, and finally Segregara, proposed for forms as pre- viously defined. Now Pocock, writing on the geographical distribution of the Ctenizidae (P.Z.S. 1903, pp. 351 and 357), considers that Idiops reached South America, not from North America, but from Africa. This and the general geographical distribution of the Idiopeae indicate that Tropical Africa was the seat of origin of the group. The pro- bability is that the original stock was akin to Segregara, and that the latter genus is a direct but numerically feeble continuation of it. From this a branch occurred, in which muscular alteration and migration took place, giving forms (c) and (p) Text-fig. 11; this form, now known as Idiops, spread far and wide, and eventually reached South America, where it still exists, and has given rise to a specialised offshoot, Pseudidiops; in view of its success in establishing itself and its 134 Annals of the South African Museum. consequent numerical preponderance, a fair range of variation is only to be expected ; hence the name Ctenolophus was applied to what is most probably only a section (confined perhaps to South Africa) of the genus, whilst the original erroneous formation of the genus Acanthodon was responsible for much confusion and cross identifica- tion. Finally Gorgyrella can also be regarded as an offshoot from form (A), and is important in that it lends support to the theory of the South African origin of the Idiopeae in that it is found in South Africa alone; whilst in the resemblance of its young to the adult forms of Segregara, it indicates a former connection therewith. Heligomerus, the other representative of the group, diverged on the same lines as Idiops, and is found in Tropical Africa, Ceylon, and India, but evidently did not succeed in establishing itself as did Idiops. The occurrence also of the genus Diplothele (p. 118) in Africa, as well as Madagascar and India, is interesting, since the group is akin to the Idiopeae in eye formation, and to Segregara in sternal sigilla, and may eventually prove to be connected with the group in origin, in Tropical Africa. It follows then that the species placed under Acanthodon in Hewitt’s table (Ann. Transv. Mus. vol. 5, No. 3, p. 87) will have to be sepa- rated as follows : A. spiricola, kolbei, and kentanicus come under Idiops, sect:on one row of teeth on inner side only of cheliceral groove, and formerly known as Ctenolophus. A. namaquensis and yd ed NeW Bi. it 4 i o ine ged hte ee hen io i ia ae a hae ry ere ' Pad 15 ie A atra (Rhipidia) : albovittatus (Ctenacroscelis) antennata (Nephrotoma) anthracogramma (Podoneura) Antochini Atarba. : aurantiaca (Elephantomyia) B barnardi (Platylimnobia) bicauda (Megistocera) bonae spei (Hrioptera) bonae spei (Longurio) brevifurca (Gonomyella) C cattra (Tipula) capensis (Atarba) capensis ( Libnotes) capensis (Ptychoptera) capensis (Rhamphidia) chionoides (Tipula) Conosia : coronata (Tipula) Ctenacroscelis Dicranomyia Dolichopeza Dolichopezini dubiosa ( Limnophila) E edwardsi (Nephrotoma) elegans (Gnophomyia) Elephantomyia Empeda Erioptera Eriopterini . exornata (Mongoma) . ( 183 ) INDEX. PAGE F 143 | frugi (Limnophila) 163 lyfe a 151 q - | Gnophomyia ; 145 147 Gonomyella (Gonomyia) 146 | Gonomyia H ‘ hirsuta (Megistocera) . 150 | hirtipennis (Tr ichodolichopeza) . 158 148 I 1638 153 inconspicua (‘Trimicra) irrorata (Conosia) 1 fala es : J 147 | jocosa (Tipula) 143 139 L 145 | Leptotipula Cee Dolicho- 164 pezini) . 154 | Libnotes 169 | lightfooti (Dicer anomyia) 163 | LIMNOBIINAE. Limnobiini . Limnophila . 149 | Limnophilini f 157 limnophiloides (Leptotipula) 157 Longurio 156 2 M marleyi (Dicranomyia) 173 Megistocera l - 1 minusculus (Longurio) 146 Mongoma : 148 148 I 148 | natalensis (Gonomyella) 154 | Nephrotoma : 160 143 140 140 140 155 155 160 162 142 158 162 154 152 172 184 12 Pachyr rhina peringueyi (Dicr anomyia) . peringueyi (Erioptera) petiolata (Nephrotoma) Platylimnobia Ce Erio- pterini) , Podoneura pomposa (Tipula) Ptychoptera Ptychopteridae R Rhamphidia Rhipidia Ss soror (Tipula) spuria (Gonomyia) strenua (Nephrotoma) Styringomyia : a tigrina (Nephrotoma) tincta (Nephrotoma) PAGE 172 142 | 149 7/9) 149 151 168 139 139 Annals of the South African Museum. Tipula . TIPULIDAE Tipulinae Tipulini tipulipes (Dicranomyia) transvaalica (Limnophila) . Trichodolichopeza ag Trimicra : U umbripennis (Nephrotoma) unicingulata (Nephrotoma) V vittata (Styringomyia) W wahlbergi (Elephantomyia) Z zambeziensis (‘Tipula) 147 146 166 aN — CO Or 6.—Description of an apparently Undescribed Moth of the Family LYMANTRIADAE (Lepidoptera).—By A. J. T. JANSE. Gun. OLAPA, Wlk. 1764. List Lep. Br. Mus., vii, p. 1856. OLAPA NIGRIBASIS, 0. sp. S$. Head, shaft of antennae, abdomen above and on underside, and legs maize-yellow (iv); hairs on tegulae and patagia maize- yellow mixed with orange-buff hairs (i); hairs on frons, femora and tibiae of forelegs, and on tibiae of midlegs orange-butf ; hairs of palpi and those round the eyes black ; fore-femora outerside of tibiae, and nearly the whole of the tarsi black; mid-femora with a few black hairs on tibiae, spurs and tarsi black on the outerside ; hind-tibiae with a few black hairs at end, spurs streaked with black, tarsi black on the outer-, orange-buff on the inner-side; branches of antennae ochra- ceous-buff (xv), each ending in two bristles. Upperside of forewing whitish, costal and inner marginal area broadly tinted with sulphur-yellow (v); base of costa narrowly edged with black for about one-fourth ; black scales just beyond discocellula between veins 4 and 5, 6 and 7; cilia ivory-yellow (xxx); hindwing and its cilia quite white. Underside of both wings white, with the costal area thinly covered with sulphur-yellow hairs. Habitat.—One specimen from Salisbury (Dr. G. M. Mellé). In the collection of the South African Museum. Exp.—46 mm. This species is very closely allied to O. flabellaris, from which it can easily be distinguished by the black scales on the forewing and also its black costa. 7.—Two Species of Bittacidae (Newroptera) from South Africa.— By P. Espen-Petersen. With 4 Text-figs. Amonest a few specimens of bittacidae belonging to the South African Museum and forwarded to me for determination by the Director, Dr. Péringuey, I found a new and undescribed species, together with a single specimen of a species hitherto only known from the type-specimen in the British Museum. I give here a description of both species. BITTACUS SELYSI, 0. sp. Head yellowish-brown. Rostrum yellowish-brown with a_ black longitudinal streak at each side and below the eye; at the base of rostrum a narrow and slightly indicated dark median streak. Labial and maxillary palpi yellowish-brown, the apical jomt of the former with a broad dark band. Above the antennae a black spot, enclosing the dark and shining ocelli. Antennae yellowish-brown and slender. Thorax yellowish-brown. Abdomen yellowish-brown with a short, fine and yellowish pubescence, and with a few blackish bristles along the margins at base ; the two apical joints dark brown with paler hind margins. In the male the upper anal appendages rather long and sharply pointed; the apex itself provided with two or three strong spines; the lower margin (seen from side) with a triangular projec- tion. Legs yellowish-brown. Femur, tibia and tarsal joints with a blackish band at the tip. Third and fourth tarsal joints of the hind feet together with the claw of the same almost black. Wings broadened towards the apex, which is rounded. Membrane shining and with a rather deep yellowish-brown tinge. The nervature brown and the apical cross-veins faintly brownish shaded; the apical border rather strongly brownish shaded. The pterostigma pentagonal, 13 times as long as broad, brownish coloured. In the wings is found a cross-vein between Sc and #; in the forewing nearer to the fork of Rs than to the origin of the sector itself ; in the hindwing nearer to the origin of the sector. A cross-vein is found between Cu! and Cu? almost below the forks of Rs and M. No cross-vein between Ou? and 1A. Ks forks a little before M, the difference greatest in the hindwing. At the 188 Annals of the South African Museum. origin and at the fork of Rs a faint brownish spot. At the fork of Ma hyaline, whitish spot. Blackish bristles on the margins of the wings at their base. Length of forewing 19-21 mm. ; that of hindwing 17-19 mm. Fic. 1.—Bittacus selysi, 6. Fore- and hindwing. I have seen only two specimens (males) of this very rare species. In the Selysian Collection, Bruxelles, is found one specimen (type- specimen), labelled Port Natal in the handwriting of H. A. Hagen. Fic. 2.—Bittacus selysi, 6. Anal appendages (seen from side). The other specimen belongs to the South African Museum and was collected at Durban, July, 19138 (W. Haygarth, leg.). The latter specimen is the smaller. It is a very distinct species, easily recognisable by the colour, the shape and the nervature of the wings, but especially by the peculiar shape of the anal appendages of the male. Two Species of Bittacidaz (Neuroptera). 189 Birracus WALKERI, Esben-Petersen. 1915. Bittacus walkeri, Esben-Petersen, Ent. Meddelelser, Kébenhavn, Bad. 10, p. 236. Head, rostrum and palpi yellowish-brown; rostrum with blackish lateral margins. Above the insertion of the antennae is found Fig. 3.—Bittacus walkeri, @. Fore- and hindwing. British Museum. Fic. 4.—Bittacus walkeri, @. Anal appendages (seen from side). South African Museum. blackish spot enclosing the ocelli. Antennae dark brown, yellowish- brown at their base. Thorax brown and provided with a few black bristles; mesothorax with four black spots in its front half; meta- thorax with two black spots on its front margin. Abdomen dark brown at base, becoming pale brown towards the apex. The hind margin of sixth and seventh segments dark brown. 190 Annals of the South African Museum. Anal appendages of the male yellowish-brown ; lower margin of appendages (seen from side) with a triangular projection near base. Femora and tibiae pale brown ; tips of femora with a black band, and tips of middle and hind tibiae with a narrow black band. Joints of fore and middle tarsi brown, becoming blackish-brown towards the tip; joints of hind tarsi blackish-brown. First joint of hind tarsus as long as second and third united, which are equal ; fourth joint two- thirds of first; fifth jomt almost as long as fourth. Hind femora rather incrassate in the middle. Wings very long and slender with elliptical apex. Membrane hyaline with hardly any yellowish tinge , nervures dark brown, narrowly margined with brown, especially in the apical part. Pterostigma subrectangular, five or six times longer than broad, strongly brownish coloured (purple-brown in the specimen in British Museum). Between Sc and # a cross-vein, in the forewing placed about in the middle between the origin of Rs and the fork of #s, in the hindwing nearer to the origin of Rs. Fork of Rs a little nearer to the base of the wing than the fork of M. The cross-vein between Cu and Ou? much before fork of M, but further out than the cross- vein between Cu? and 1A. Bristles on the margins of the wings near their base. Length of forewing 22-24 mm, ; that of hindwing 20-22 mm. British Museum: One ¢ (type specimen) labelled: [388] [Dr. Smith 8. Afr. 44-6] [one of Walker’s series of so named B. capensis |. South African Museum: One ¢ labelled: Krantzkloof, Natal, Marley, 10:5: 15. The specimen in the British Museum was somewhat larger than that in the South African Museum. I have only seen these two specimens of the species, and it seems to be a very rare one. The species much resembles the species of the Australian genus Harpobittacus, but it is easily separated by the longer first tarsal joint of the hind tarsus and the especially long and narrow wings. INDEX. ; PAGE PAGE BITTACIDAE . . 187] selysi (Bittacus) . : 5 5 aliciz/ BITTACUS : ; . 187} walkeri (Bittacus) . : s | alist?) NEUROPTERA.. 1) | ola) de7 (191 ) 8.—On some South African Ichneumonidae in the Collection of the South African Musewm.—By Ciaupe Moruny, F.E.S., F.Z.8., Memb. Soc. Entom. de France, ete. Part II. I wave much pleasure in presenting a further account of the parasitic Hymenoptera of Africa, comprising a consignment sent for determina- tion by Dr. L. Péringuey of the Cape Town Museum and including a few additional species from other sources. It is issued im continuation of the former paper by me upon the same subject, which appeared in these Annals late in 1916. All the types of the species herein described as new are, unless otherwise stated, in the South African Museum at Cape Town. The number of new descriptions is by no means surprising, when the size of the area be considered, along with the paucity of collectors. The outstanding feature of the present contribution to our knowledge of these very beneficial insects is the discovery of a new and most extraordinary Tribe allied to the Banchides. Also, be it noted, the more we investigate these parasites in all parts of the globe the wider is discovered to be the range of individual species. For at least one kind, recorded herein, no part of the equator seems too hot, though it is also of frequent occurrence so far north as Sweden; another occurs with equal frequency in both Queensland and Assam; and now we find Bengalese insects of this group occurring in Natal. All these are doubtless imported in or along with their Lepidopterous and other hosts’ food-plants, shipped in the ordinary course of commerce. CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE. ICHNEUMONIDAE. XANTHOJOPPA, Cam. ICHNEUMONINAE. lutea, Cam. inermis, sp. Nn. Joppides. Eprsoppa, Morl. LupropHatnus, Cam. variabilis, Morl. ruficeps, Cam. nigricoxata, Morl. bucephalus, sp. n. : AGLAosoPPA, Cam. Iscunosoppa, Kriech. rubrithorax, sp. n. uteator, Fab. CorLIcHNEuMON, Thoms. visibilis, sp. n. petiolaris, sp. n. 15 192 Annals of the South African Museum. Listrodromides. Nerorypus, Forst. conflatus, Morl. Ichneumonides. Oxypyginr. EvupaLtamus, Wesm. cariniscrobes, sp. n. Amblypygim. CHARITOJOPPA, Cam. thoracica, sp. n. Platyurwm. Puatyitasus, Wesm. croceocephalus, 'l'osq. nigripalpis, Cam. bicinctorius, Roman. Phorcys, sp. n. hemerythraeus, sp. n. albidornatus, Cam. Ceta, sp. n. Lucifer, sp. n. rufidornatus, Cam. maculiscutis, Cam. erythrocephalus, Cam. pulchellus, Morl. rufescens, Morl. vallatus, Morl. testaceus, sp. D. miniatulus, Mort. spilonotus, Cam. CRYPTINAE. Phygadeuonrdes. Hemitelint. HEMITELES, Grav. pulchellus, Grav. Cryptides. Mesostenini. GorypuHus, Hlmer. corniger, sp. n. trisulcatus, Morl. lobatus, sp. n. cinctitibia, sp. n. evanescens, Morl. bisuleatus, Morl. testaceus, Morl. Celoeno, sp. n. Atllo, sp. n. MesostTEnus, Grav. Rhodesiae, Cam. denticlypeus, sp. n. octans, sp. n. CRYPTAULAX, Cam. ruficeps, Cam. EARRANA, Cam. rectinervis, sp. 0. Cryptini. AGLAOCRYPTUS, Cam. glabratus, sp. n. Cryptus, Fab. Leighi, Cam. PIMPLINAE. Xoridides. Moansa, Tosq. maculiceps, Cam. GABUNIA, Kriech. ruficoxis, Kriech. Togensis, Krieg. Echthromorphides. Ecururomorrua, Hlgr. variegata, Brullé. Pimplides. Exeristss, Horst. nigricornis, Cam. Tueronta, Hlmer. melanocera, Hlmer. XANTHOPIMPLA, Sauss. renovata, nom. nov. Natalensis, Cam. Pimpeta, Fab. crocata, 'Tosq. pubens, sp. n. Epiurus, Thoms. semidilutus, sp. n. HeEMIPIMPLA, Sauss. divisa, 'losq. terebrata, sp. n. Lissonotides. SyzEuctus, Forst. spilocephalus, Cam. fuscicornis, Cam. interstitialis, Cam. ASPHRAGIS, Férst. _ flavidorbitalis, Cam. rubvicosa, sp. n. On some South Banchrdes. Traona, Morley. discreta, sp. n. Skiapodes, trib. nov. SKIAPUS, gen. nov. coalescens, sp. n. TRY PHONINAE. Bassides. Bassus, Fall. laetatorius, Fab. OPHIONINAE. Ophionides. AuLocamptus, Thoms. senescens, Tosq. erassellus, sp. n. nugalis, Schulz. Henicospitus, Steph. vecors, 'Tosq. rufus, Kriech. longescutellatus, Kr. leionotus, Tosq. African Ichneumonidae. Notrotracuys, Marshall. flavomaculatus, Cam. Panscides. Paniscus, Grav. AKthiopicus, Szépl. ocellaris, Szépl. Pristomerides. PristomeripiA, Ashm. albescens, sp. n. PristomMERvs, Curtis. luteolus, Tosq. Cremastides. CREMASTUS, Grav. annulicornis, T'osq. noxiosus, Morl. Cypete, sp. n. Campoplegides. XANTHOCAMPOPLEX, Morl. flavescens, sp. n. OmorGa, Thoms. longiceps, Cam. Famity ICHNEUMONIDAE. SupramMity ICHNKHUMONINAE. Tribe JOPPIDES. LEPTOPHATNUS, Cam. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p, 165. This genus certainly belongs to the Joppides, though not so placed by its author. In my Table of Genera of the Joppides (Revis. Ichn. iv,lOlo, ps9), sosshould be inserted next before the neotropical Camarota,* Kriech., from which it differs in its regular areolet and buccate, though not cubical, head. The discovery of its male renders a slight modification of the generic characters essential. LEPTOPHATNUS RUFICEPS, Cam. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 166, 9. dg. The male differs slightly from Cameron’s female description in the following respects: The antennae are setaceous and serrate with * Oamarota, Kriechbaumer, Entom. Nachr. xxiv, 1898, p. 4, e¢ Berl. Entom. Zeit. xliii, 1898, p. 23, nec Meigen in Diptera, 1830 (¢f. Ent. Mo. Mag. 1911, p. 148, ete.), for which I here propose the new name Camarotella. 194. Annuls of the South African Museum. the 21-26 flagellar joints white; the metanotal areola is glabrous and elevated throughout (as in the Indian genus Cratojoppa); the seutellum is laterally carinate to near its apex; the postpetiole is but obsoletely aciculate, with apex distinctly punctate; the seventh abdominal seg- ment alone is white and the venter plicate throughout; front tibiae internally white-lined—tarsi postici deswunt. Taken at Mfongosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones during May, 1916. LEPTOPHATNUS BUCEPHALUS, Sp. Nov. 3 only. A large and somewhat dull black species with the wings nigrescent throughout, the head red and both flagellar band and four apical hind tarsal joints, as well as inner side of front tibiae, white. Length 16 mm.—So like the above ¢ as to need no detailed descrip- tion. Therefrom it differs in no more than a few, though pertinent, characters: Head clear red; cheeks slightly, and the temples very strongly, more buccate; pronotum also red; mesopleurae punctate to immediately below speculum ; postpetiole shagreened throughout and not apically punctate ; abdomen narrower, with the apical segments immaculate; hind tarsi pure white, with only metatarsus and ungues black; wings somewhat narrower, with radius less curved both above areolet and at its apex. I should have hesitated to regard these details as sufficient to warrant specific rank were it not that the metanotal areola, though equally elongate and narrow, is rugulose throughout and not at all elevated. The type occurred to R. M. Lightfoot at East London during 1915. ISCHNOJOPPA, Kriech. Ent. Nachr. xxiv, 1898, p. 32. IscCHNOJOPPA VISIBILIS, Sp. NOV. gd 9. An elongate, testaceous and somewhat dull species with only the white-banded flagellum, mandibular apices, ocellar region, posterior tarsi and disc of hind tibiae black. Head posteriorly and cheeks very strongly buccate; face glabrous, nitidulous and impunctate ; frontal orbits not elevated, frons centrally bicarinate. Antennae slender, as long as body; of ¢ serrate, of 9 compresso-dilated, beyond their centre. Thorax discally dull; mesonotum basally depressed, apically and laterally elevated, with strong and subcarinate notauli; mesopleurae glabrous and nitidulous; metathorax laterally finely, and discally rugosely punctate, black-pilose between the distinct basal and obsolete apical transcarinae. Scutellum ephippiform, discally deplanate and punctate, with its sides and apex strongly and conspicuously carinate On some South African Ichneumonidae. ~ 195 or, rather, vallate; postscutellum |small, transverse and, at least in 9, basally margined. Abdomen elongate-fusiform and much longer than head and thorax ; basal segment indistinctly punctate, slender and fully thrice as long as apically broad, with the @ spiracles prominent ; second segment basally constricted to the small gastrocoeli at its basal third ; terebra nigrescent only at extreme apex. Legs very slender and strongly elongate. Wings fulvescent-hyaline with stigma and the subcosta testaceous, nervures infuscate ; areolet somewhat large, nearly coalescent above, emitting the broadly bifenestrate recurrent nervure from distinctly before its centre; nervellus sinuate, emitting spurious nervure from its lower fourth. Length, ¢ 9,15 mm. In 1915 I restricted this genus to a single species, ranging through Africa, India and Australia. A second was brought forward in 1916 (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. p.558). Iam glad to recognise another, so distinct as to render a glance sufficient to differentiate it, by its longer antennae and legs, irregular mesonotum, circumvallate scutellum and the antecentral emission of the recurrent from areolet. Marley took the female type at Kranzkloof in Natal during May, 1915; and the androtype occurred to W. E. Jones at Mfongosi in Zululand. XANTHOJOPPA, Cam. Ann. Nat. Hist. vi, 1901, p. 378 = Anisojoppa, Cam: Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 168. The distinctions between the descriptions of these two genera con- sist solely in the size of the gastrocoeli and the sculpture of the meta- notum, though not of its carinae; and an examination of the type of the former and a co-type of the latter genus proves them to he synonymous. The main feature of distinction, I think, was overlooked by their author: I find the anterior claws of the former to be simple and those of the type species of the latter stoutly pectinate ; but this character is inconstant, and doubtless (as in Neotypus) at most sexual. XANTHOJOPPA LUTEA, Cam. Anisojoppa lutea, Cam. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. v. 1906, p. 168, ¢ 9. Cameron dismisses the ¢ of this species in a dozen words; but it differs from his 2 description in having the head and thorax 7 mm. in length, the abdomen no more than 11 mm.; the metanotum rugulose throughout; the gastrocoeli very broad and deeply impressed, with the intervening space not at all striate; the flagellar joints 14-21 alone are white ; the stigma fulvous ; the face sparsely punctate throughout, 196 Annals of the South African Museum. postpetiole shagreened and not at all punctate; the anterior onyches are stoutly pectinate. The metanotal areola is hexagonal and not longer than broad, with its apex truncate and base both semicircular and elevated. The species has been further found at Stella Bush near Durban in Natal during February, 1915, by H. W. Bell Marley and at Mfongosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones. XANTHOJOPPA INERMIS, Sp. Nov. g 2. A large testaceous species, with the pleurae and coxae paler, the face but not frontal orbits flavous, and band of the black flagellum white ; legs with tarsal claws and hind tarsi alone black, 9 with hind knees and lateral mesonotal vittae also black. Onyches not at all pectinate. Length 14-15 mm.—It is extremely like the last species but differs, besides the conclusive simple claws, in having the sides of the areolet nearly coalescent above and the ramellus obsolete, the secutellum more convex and apically as well as laterally carinate; all trace of metanotal areola wanting in ¢, which has the postpetiole much narrower and abdomen less parallel-sided ; the ? is distinct in its nigrescent mesonotal streaks and hind knees. Mfongosi in Zululand (W. E. Jones) and East London during 1915 (R. M. Lightfoot). EPIJOPPA, Morley. Revis. Ichn. iv, 1915, p. 49. EPIJOPPA VARIABILIS, Morl. hb. cit. p. 52, 8 9. Described from Nyassaland and the Uganda Protectorate. Mr. W. E. Jones has extended its known southern range by the capture of a male at Mfongosi in Zululand during April, 1916. EpimsOpPpA NIGRICOXATA, Morl. lib. cit. p. 58, SO. Also deseribed from Central Africa and one male found with the last by W. E. Jones. AGLAOJOPPA, Cam. Ann. Nat. Hist. vii, 1901, p. 381. AGLAOJOPPA RUBRITHORAX, Sp. Nov. & only. A dull black species with white pubescence and the thorax, except below, rosy ; white-marked. Head buccate and closely On some South African Ichneumonidae 17, punctate; orbits, except at cheeks and temples, and the clypeus laterally white. Antennae immaculate black, with the joints sub- serrate. Thorax closely punctate, only black below and at the apex ; pronotum discally, callosities below radices and basal lateral scutellar dots, white; metathorax convex with areola peculiarly elongate, twice as long as broad and emitting costulae from its centre; petiolar area short and vertical. Scutellum rosy, punctate and laterally margined to near its apex; postscutellum white. Abdomen black with apices of the four basal and of the seventh segments white, those of the second and third centrally interrupted; basal segment smooth and shining with a few scattered punctures; venter plicate on second to fourth segments, with the second and third white-margined. Legs normal and black with inner side of front tibiae and apices of their femora white. Wines subhyaline, with stigma and nervures black ; areolet pentagonal, not coalescent’ above and emitting recurrent nervure slightly beyond its centre; discoidal cell with its lower external angle obtuse and nervelet short. Length, 14 mm.—It is the only known species of this genus with red thorax. The type was captured at Mfongosi in Zululand by W. E. Jones during May, 1916. COELICHNEUMON, Thoms. Opuse. Entom. xviii, 1893, p. 1901. CoELICHNEUMON PETIOLARIS, Sp. NOV. 2 only. A stout and dull brick-red species with a central flagellar band white and a mesonotal line, the frenum, areola and_petiolar area, base of petiole and the hind tarsi, indefinitely black; apex of postpetiole clearly and deeply punctate both discally and laterally. Length, 13 mm.—Quite unlike the species from the palaearctic, Indian or New World regions (tabulated in my Revis. Ichn. iv, 1915, p. 120) in its immaculate face, tibiae and intermediate femora ; in the distinctly punctate postpetiole; and immaculate rufescent abdomen. It is most closely allied to C. rudis, Fonse.; therefrom it differs in its coloration, smaller size, much less buccate cheeks, deeper clypeal foveae, closely punctate mesonotum and scutellum, more evenly punctate metanotum, not at all rugose postpetiole, centrally punctate base of the second segment, lack of ramellus and the lower emission of the spurious nervure from nervellus. The type was taken at “Guillets, Natal,’ during September, 1915 by H. W. A. Bell-Marley. 198 Annals of the South African Museum. Tring LISTRODROMIDES. NEOTYPUS, Forst, Ver. pr. Rheinl. 1868, p. 194. Neotypus conriatus, Morl. Ann. (8. -Adr, xy, 1Ol6m pasa: 2. g. A very robust, and somewhat small, dark red male with black and several white markings. Head stramineous with the frons, vertex and part of occiput, mandibular apices, a line down the buccate cheeks and another down centre of face, black; vertical marks, cheeks externally and more or less of occiput rufescent; face finely and sparsely punctate, frons glabrous and excarinate, and vertex not broad. Antennae very short and stout; scape black with its under side and apex white; flagellum immaculate brunneous, filiform, of 25 transverse joints, only the three basal being longer than broad and of these the first is shorter than the second. Thorax nitidulous, short and hardly longer than high, with sternum and frenum and basal metanotal suleus black, callosities before and below radices and whole of the transverse postscutellum white; mesonotum deeply and sparsely punctate, with no notauli; mesopleurae glabrous, with similar puncturation and the sternauli half their length; metathorax very short and subreticulate with petiolar area deeply impressed, parallel-sided and rising nearly to base, where is a small and strongly transverse areola; costulae strong, spiracles large and linear. Scutellum not small, simply convex, shining and sparsely punctate, laterally carinate to near apex. Abdomen subelongate- ovate, shining with the transverse second and third segments dull, very dark red with apices of all segments but the third broadly flavous; petiole long and slender, postpetiole abruptly explanate, elabrous with a few central punctures; second and third segments closely punctate, with gastrocoeli of the former deeply impressed and not small; valvulae white. Legs black, stout and not short; all the coxae, inner side of anterior tibiae and apices of their femora below, white; anterior tarsi and remainder of their tibiae rufescent ; hind coxae evenly punctate; tarsi not pectinate. Wings hyaline; radix and tegulae stramineous; stigma nigrescent and not narrow; basal nervure subvertical, and the lower basal distinctly a little antefureal ; discoidal cell short and broad, emitting short ramellus and another slight nervure from centre of second recurrent, which rises from centre of the somewhat large and subquadrate areolet ; On some South African Ichneumonidae 199 radius apically straight and not elongate; nervellus subopposite and hardly angled at its lower fourth. Length, 9 mm. This androtype is labelled “Congella,’ where W. A. Bell-Marley captured it in March, 1915. Trine ICHNEUMONIDES. Suprrins OXYPYGINI. EUPALAMUS, Wesm. Nouv. Mém. Ac. Brux. 1844, p. 13; Morl. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. xv, 1916, p. 362. EvuPpALAMUS CARINISCROBES, Sp. NOV. 36 2. A large and stout, shining and dark red species, with only the white-banded flagellum and apical half of abdomen black ; frontal orbits broadly, and in ¢ face ete., white; juxta-scrobal orbits carinate. Head of ¢ with face, clypeus, external orbits and under side of the black scape, white. Thorax very finely and closely punctate with pronotum almost glabrous and metanotum to the infra-spiracular carinae rugose, its areola double as long as broad, remote from base, emitting distinct costulae from its centre; petiolar area short and discreted; ¢ with pronotum and callosity beneath radices flavous. Scutellum deplanate and glabrous with a few fine punctures, laterally carinate to near its apex which in the ¢ is, like the postscutellum, flavous. Abdomen stout with the third to fifth and sides of sixth segments black, the remainder and in @ apices of second and third narrowly, white; basal segment broad and very finely shagreened; second closely punctate with small gastrocoeli, third far more finely sculptured and remainder nearly smooth. Legs stout and elongate, with claws large and simple; hind coxal scopulae of 2 large; ¢ with inner side of front tibiae, and three apical joints including claws of its otherwise black hind tarsi, white. Wings ample and distinctly fulvescent with costa and nervures black, stigma and tegulae fulvous; nervures exactly as in H. Wesmaeli, excepting the areolet which is slightly less produced internally, and a little curved externally, with its sides coalescent above. Length, ¢ °, 17 mm.—This species is a true Hupalamus, bearing all the characters ascribed to that genus by Thomson (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1886, p- 11); the colour, but especially the coxal scopulae, differentiate it from EH. convexius (Ann. S. Afr. Mus. xv, 1916, p. 362). Both sexes were discovered by W. E. Jones at Mfongosi in Zululand during April and May, 1916. 200 Annals of the South African Museum. SuptrinE AMBLYPYGINI. CHARITOJOPPA, Cam. Ann. Nat. Hist. vu, 1901, p. 383. Head with neither clypeus discreted nor labrum exserted; man- dibles stout, with the upper tooth slightly the longer; cheeks elongate and strongly bueeate. Antennae stout and, beyond their centre, compresso-dilated. Meso- and meta-notum strongly reticulate ; areola smooth, apically incomplete, with its lateral carinae extending to petiole and widely divergent. Scutellum more or less pyramidal, with at least its base laterally margined. Abdomen with second and third segments closely aciculate-punctate and ventrally plicate throughout, gastrocoeli of the former somewhat large and deeply impressed ; petiole basally constricted, and apically abruptly explanate ; terebra basally covered by hypopygium. Legs stout, with the penultimate hind tarsal joints spinose. Areolet triangular, laterally nearly coales- cent above and straight below, above junction of recurrent nervure ; radius apically subreflexed ; basal nervure not continuous through the median. Colour brillant metallic. The above is the original description emended from the type specimen in the British Museum. TI find our African representative a very typical species of this Hast Indian genus, which its author considered closely related to Magrettia (= Xenojoppa, Cam.), from which it differs in having the scutellum usually subpyramidal and not apically incised, the coxae mutic, and the central abdominal segments longitudinally aciculate. The scutellar structure allies the genus to the Joppides, from which it is excluded by its total lack of basal metanotal sulcus. CHARITOJOPPA THORACICA, Sp. Nov. d only. A stout, metallic species with white pilosity; the head black, antennae and thorax red, metathorax green, abdomen and legs steel-blue. Head very strongly buccate behind the prominent eyes ; vertex broad and subglabrous; face and clypeus evenly punctate, the former broadly stramineous on either side, the latter a little reflexed along its rounded apex; mandibles subglabrous and stout, with a basal stramineous mark. Antennae of forty-one joints, setaceous, serrate throughout, stout and hardly extending to the metathoracic apex, brick-red and apically darker, with the two basal flagellar joints (which alone are longer than broad) and scape, black. Thorax metallic On some South African Tehneumonidae. 201 ereen with the dull and reticulate mesonotum, the mesopleurae, base of pronotum on either side and its extreme apical margin, sanguineous- red; notauli and sternauli wanting, mesopleurae transversely im- pressed centrally ; metanotum nitidulous and rugulose, its areola large and hexagonal, extending to base and emitting costulae from its centre. Scutellum, postscutellum and frenum red ; the first elevated, but hardly pyramidal, very coarsely rugose and laterally carinate to its flavidous apex ; postscutellar region metallic blue, with its apical margin stramineous. Abdomen cyaneous with apices of all the segments, but fourth, stramineous; basal segment glabrous and obsoletely aciculate apically ; second and third very closely punctate and dull. Legs somewhat short and not slender, with anterior tarsi and their tibiae laterally white. Wings normal; tegulae fulvous, radix and stigma nigrescent ; recurrent emitted shghtly beyond centre of areolet. Length, 11 mm. The type was found by W. E. Jones at Mfongosi in Zululand during May, 1916. SusprrinE PLATYURINLI.* PLATYLABUS, Wesm. Nouv. Mém. Ac. Brux. 1844, p. 150; Morl. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. xv, 1916, p. 368. Some of the southern African species of this genus are so closely allied that a superficial tabular guide appears desirable. (2). 1. Flagellum dilated before apex; notauli deep. — croceocephalus, 'Tosq. (1). 2. Flagellum not dilated; notauli obsolete or wanting. (20). 3. Head, at least discally, black. (7). 4. Palpi infuscate or black, never pale. (6). 5. Gastrocoeli of second segment deeply impressed. —nigripalpis, Cam (5). 6. Gastrocoeli of second segment small, triangular. bicinctorivs, Roman. (4). 7. Palpi always pale; gastrocoeli superficial. (17). 8. Dise of thorax entirely red; stigma black. (10). 9. Second segment red; hind coxae discally white. Phoreys, sp. nov. (9). 10. Second segment not red-marked ; hind coxae black. (16). 11. Metanotal areola subcircular; nesonotum dull; punctate. ) (18). 12. Apopbyses acute; central segments white-banded. hemerythraeus, sp. n. (12). 18. Apophyses wanting ; central segments not white-marked. 3D? (15). 14. Flagellum immaculate ; hind calearia white. albidornatus, Cam. * Cameron places his new genus Phaisura (Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. v, 1906, p. 170) in the Joppides. An examination of two co-typical males, the only sex known, in the British Museum, has convinced me that the genus belongs to the Platyurini. 202 Annals of the South African Museum. (14). 15. Flagellum white-banded ; hind ealearia black. : Ceta, sp nov. (11). 16. Metanotal areola elongate ; mesonotum subglabrous. Lucifer, sp. nov. (8). 17. Dise of thorax mainly black; stigma testaceous. (19). 18. Postpetiole aciculate; nervelet distinct. | . rufidornatus, Cam. (18). 19. Postpetiole punctate; nervelet wanting. : maculiseutis, Cam, (3). 20. Head nearly entirely testaceous or red. (30). 21. Metathorax punctate, with distinct areae. (25). 22. Abdomen centrally distinctly black. (24). 23. Postpetiole punctate-aciculate; hind lees red. erythrocephalus, Cam. (23). 24. Postpetiole glabrous ; hind tibiae and tarsi black. pu!chellws, Morl. (22). 25. Abdomen not black-marked. (29). 26. Thorax black-marked. (28). 27. Dark red, black-marked ; cheeks long and narrow. — rufescens, Morl. (27). 28. Testaceous ; flavous-marked ; cheeks short, buecate. vallatus, Morl. (26). 29. Thorax pale, not black-marked. . : ‘ testaceus, sp. Nov. (21). 80. Metathorax scabrous, with no definite areae. . miniatulus, Morl. P : : : R : spilonotus, Cam. _PLATYLABUS PHOROCYS, sp. nov. 6 only. A black species with white markings, and the thorax except beneath, with two basal segments, brick-red. Extremely like © the next species (P. hemerythraeus), but smaller and much more slender with the second segment basally fulvidous and apically white, not black-marked. The scutellum is equally convex and laterally earinate, but the areola is half as long again as centrally broad, the face white with its base and an irregular central band black, the clypeus white with its apex narrowly black; the third segment is laterally fulvescent-white; the anterior coxae entirely, and a large discal mark on the hind ones, white. Length, 9 mm. Mfongosi in Zululand during May, 1916 (W. E. Jones). PLATYLABUS HEMERYTHRAEUS, Sp. nov. 6 @. Beh iat Crustacea Plat Awan oto Was, Vol. XVIL. Adlard & Son & West Newman lith Del. TRA Stebbing. Ea ELA Deal BASEN ALOUD reas sie bat - « | ° etnies, Crustacea Plate CII. Ann.S “Afr. Mus.Vol. XVIL. Plate XXII. Del. TR.R.Stebbing. Adlard & Son & West Newman lith. Gry P TODROMEA MICRON YA yn sp. Crustacea Plate CII. Plate 2111. Adlard & Son & West Newman Lith. BUDROMIA BITUBERCULATUS, a. sp: wien ee rd) Del. TRR.Stebbing. Ann.S.Afr Mus. Vol. XVIL. Crustacea Plate CIV. Ann.S.Afr Mus.Vol. XVI. Plate XXIV. ; ae oe Del. T. RR Stebbing. Adlard & Son & West Newman lith. PAE te iLOP StS Anic@ Cia Sp: : —_ eee ae Crustacea Plate CV. Ann.S.Afr.Mus.Vol. XVII. Plate XXV. . mx.2). Del. TR.R.Stebbing. Adlard & Son & West Newman lith. BAPALOPT Ye Dibra Crh i Sen.cve sp: Crustacea Plate CVI. Ann.S.AfrMus.Vol. XVII. Plate XXVI A. T DeLTRR. Stebbing. Adlard & Son & West Newman litl. a NMURSTA SCANDENSnsp. BA S LONGISPINA,n sp. Plate XXVII. Crustacea Plate CVII. Ann.S.Afr.Mus.Vol, XVIL urp. Adlard & Son & West Newman lith. Del TB.AR.Stebbing. APIS © Ne ES PUN AY msp: ( 273 ) 10,-— Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera.—By E. Mryrick BAS) ERS Vis THE types of the following species, sent me by Dr. L. Péringuey, are in the South African Museum. PTHROPHORIDAE. Gun. TRICHOPTILUS Wals. TRICHOPTILUS FESTUS, ND. sp. S. 16mm. Head and thorax reddish-ochreous, posterior margin of thorax snow-white. Palpi ochreous, towards base whitish. Abdo- men grey, with a white subdorsal stripe on each segment, more or less blackish¢edged beneath, two basal segments wholly snow-white. Fore- wings slightly broader than in congrualis; reddish-ochreous, costal half suffused with reddish-fuscous except towards apex ; small groups of whitish scales towards dorsum at 3, and in disc before cleft ; a bar of white irroration crossing both segments at 1 of their length, and another more defined at {: cilia dark grey, with white patches on segmental bars and some scattered white hair-scales, on lower margin of first segment and upper margin of second with several scattered black scales on median third, several small blackish patches separated by narrow white bars round apex of both segments, and four sub- quadrate blackish patches on lower margin of second between base and second white bar. Hindwings dark grey; cilia grey, without black scales on dorsum. Cape Conony, Capetown, in January (Barnard); one specimen. The example is in fine condition, and the absence of black scales on dorsum of hindwings is natural. * The previous papers of this series have appeared in vol. v, p. 849 (1909), vol. v, p. 411 (1910), vol. x, p. 53 (1912), vol. x, p. 243 (1914), and vol. xvii, p. 1 (1917). [Throughout this paper, for “* Winthoek” read “ Winterhoek.” The Great Winterhoek is the culminating peak of the Witzenberg Range in the Tulbagh District of the Cape, and one of several localities which have been visited for the purpose inter alia of determining the character of the Microlepidopterous fauna at high altitudes. The specimens should be credited to Mr. R. M. Lightfoot.—Ep. ] 20 Annals of the South African Museum. i) “J TS Gen. OXYPTILUS Zell. OXYPTILUS VARIEGATUS, Nl. sp. 3 2. 17mm. Head whitish or whitish-ochreous. Palpi whitish, partially lined with fuscous. Thorax pale ochreous, apical half of patagia white. Abdomen whitish, marked laterally with fuscous. Forewings cleft nearly to middle, segments slender, first acutely pointed, second subfaleate, termen concave, very oblique; pale ochreous, slightly sprinkled with fuscous; first segment suffused with fuscous, more or less extended along costa towards base; a spot of fuscous irroration on dorsum at +; a blackish dot in dise at 2, followed by a small cloudy white spot; a blackish dot on base of cleft, followed by a small cloudy white spot on base of lower margin of first segment; suffused white bars on first segment at 1 and 2, inwardly oblique from costa, first moderate, second narrower and more oblique, these continued on second segment by less distinct whitish bars; terminal edge of second segment blackish on lower half: cilia pale ochreous, on costa with white patches edged with dark fuscous on segmental bars, on margins of cleft white on seg- mental bars and mixed with black scales between these, and before and beyond them on first segment, on dorsum with white spots at base and + of second segment and at tornus, and some scattered black scales between these. Hindwings dark grey, third segment whitish towards tip; cilia grey, on dorsum with a small patch of black scales at ? of third segment, and scattered black and white scales between this and hase. TransvaaL, Louis Trichardt, one specimen (R. Tucker); also one in ny collection from Pretoria. Gen. PTEROPHORUS Geoftr. PTEROPHORUS ACUMINATUS, N. sp. 3S. 16-17 mm. Head light brownish, with a whitish line between antennae. Palpil, ight brownish, edge whitish. Thorax ochreous- whitish, patagia sometimes tinged with brownish. Abdomen ochreous- whitish, more or less mixed with brownish. Forewings cleft to near middle, segments narrow, acute; whitish, more or less wholly suffused with pale brownish-ochreous ; costa and basal third of dorsum more or less irrorated with blackish ; an elongate blackish dot in disc at 1; a cloudy transverse blackish mark on base of cleft; an elongate Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 275 cloudy blackish mark on costa beyond base of cleft, and black dots on extremities of veins 2, 3, 7 and 10: cilia ochreous-whitish, on costa with two dark grey patches, within cleft and on dorsum mostly suffused with dark grey, especially beneath segments towards apex. Hindwings dark grey ; cilia ight ochreous-grey. Cape Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; three specimens. The narrower second segment of forewings and dark grey dorsal cilia distinguish this species from Jienigianus. TORTRICIDAE. Gen. TORTRIX L. TORTRIX SPORADIAS, ll. Sp. gd. 15mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish-ochreous. Abdomen whitish. Forewings elongate, shehtly dilated, costa shghtly arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, oblique ; whitish- ochreous, thinly strewn with small scattered groups of dark fuscous specks: cilia whitish-ochreous. Hindwings and cilia whitish. Cape Cotony, Vryburg (J. Brown) ; one specimen. TORTRIX BIFORMIS, 0. sp. S. 15-17 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish-grey-ochreous more or less wholly irrorated and suffused with grey. Antennal cilations 1. Abdomen grey, anal tuft yellow-whitish. Forewings suboblong, costa shghtly arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen almost straight, oblique: greyish-ochreous: cilia whitish. Hindwings with 5 and 4 sometimes coincident ; grey; cilia whitish. 2. 18 mm. Forewings pointed, termen slightly sinuate, very oblique ; pale greyish-ochreous. Hindwings pale grey; cilia whitish. Cape Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 feet; eight specimens. Closely allied and very similar to the European rusticana, but distinguished by the more oblique termen of forewings and whitish cilia. Of the six male specimens sent three have veins 3 and 4 of hindwings connate, as 1s normal in the genus, and the other three have them coincident, the wings in each specimen being alike on both sides; this is a very singular and remarkable case of variation, but the specimens are unquestionably all the same species. One female has veins 3 and 4 of hindwings coincident; the other specimen has lost its hindwings. 276 Annals of the South African Museum. Gen. EPICHORISTA Mevr. EPICHORISTA CINERATA, 0. sp. 3d. 20-22 mm. Head and palpi whitish irrorated with dark grey. Thorax whitish-ochreous, anteriorly irrorated with dark grey. Abdomen whitish-yellowish. Forewings elongate, rather dilated posteriorly, costa gently arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, somewhat oblique; whitish-ochreous, in one specimen veins faintly tinged with grey: cilia whitish-ochreous. Hindwings and cilia ochreous-whitish. Cape Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft. ; two specimens. EPICHORISTA EXANIMATA, Nl. Sp. g. 25 mm. Head and thorax whitish-ochreous, face and palpi pale greyish-ochreous. Abdomen ochreous - whitish. | Forewings elongate, rather dilated posteriorly, costa gently arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, rather oblique ; whitish-ochreous, posteriorly with a few scattered light ferruginous specks ; costa pale ochreous towards base: cilia whitish-ochreous. Hindwings and cilia ochreous-whitish. Caper Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft. ; one specimen. EPICHORISTA PHALARAEA, N. Sp. S$. 16 mm., 9.18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax brown, in ¢ mixed with dark grey, apex of patagia white. Abdomen grey, in ¢ segmental margins suffused with white and anal tuft snow-white. Forewings elongate, moderate, posteriorly slghtly dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, rather oblique ; brown ; markings shining white; a basal patch of irregular markings occupying about + of wing, edge obtusely angulated above middle ; an irregular somewhat curved median fascia, in both females tending to be interrupted above middle and with a short irregular posterior branch to dorsum; a spot enclosing a small dot of ground colour on costa at #, and a transverse irregular and variable streak beneath it almost reaching tornus; several slight irregular dots towards apex: cilia in ¢ white with a brownish basal shade, in Q whity-brownish with dark grey basal shade. Hindwings in ¢ white, with a grey apical patch and some grey irroration on termen, cilia white; in 2 rather dark grey, cilia whitish-grey with grey basal shade. Carr Cotony, Table Mountain, 1500 ft., in November and December (Barnard); three specimens (1 ¢, 2 2). The white markings probably vary not inconsiderably. NI “I Descriptions of South African Micro- Lepidoptera. 2 1 ) . 4 Gen. CNEPHASIA Curt. CNEPHASIA MACROSTOMA, HN. sp. 6. 17-18 mm. 2. 14-16 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark grey sprinkled with whitish, palpi 5. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen slightly sinuate, oblique; grey sprinkled with whitish; a slender undefined irregular ochreous subcostal streak from base to 1; irregular ill-defined light brownish-ochreous transverse fasciae sprinkled with blackish before and beyond middle and from ? of costa to tornus, in ¢ paler and hardly defined: cilia grey irrorated with whitish. Hind- wings light grey, obscurely darker-marbled ; cilia pale greyish. CapgE Contony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft., and Hottentot-Holland Mts. (Barnard); four specimens. The markings are obscure and ill-defined, but the species is recognisable by the very long palpi. HUCOSMIDAE. DOLIOCHASTIS, n. g. Palpi moderate, porrected, second joint densely rough-scaled above and beneath, terminal joint very short. Antennae in ¢ serrulate, minutely ciliated. Thorax without crest. Forewings with 3 from angle, 7 to termen. Hindwings with 3 and 4 separate, nearly approxi- mated and parallel towards base, 5 rather approximated, 6 and 7 closely approximated towards base. A derivative of Eucosma. DoLIocHASTIS HOMOGRAPTA, Nl. Sp. ¢. 18-15 mm. Head, palpi, thorax and abdomen grey. Fore- wings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa slightly arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, somewhat oblique ; grey; costa dark fuscous, marked with pairs of obscure whitish strigulae; dorsum with some dark fuscous strigulae; basal patch more or less mixed with darker, edged by an obscure dark fuscous irregular streak obtusely angulated in middle; central fascia narrow, very irregular-edged, suffused, oblique, dark fuscous ; several oblique leaden strigae from posterior costal strigulae; ocellus laterally edged by dull leaden marks reaching half across wing, anterior adjacent to central fascia, posterior almost terminal, preceded by three adjacent black dots: cilia grey. Hindwings and cilia grey. 21 278 Annals of the South African Museum. TRANSVAAL, junction of Crocodile and Marico rivers, in February (R. Tucker); six specimens. Also seen from Ruopssta, Salisbury (Janse). Gen. EUCOSMA Hib. EucosMa QUERULA, Meyr. Care Cotony, Capetown, in May and June (Lightfoot); Nara, Pinetown, in February (Leigh). Described from New Zealand specimens ; it is, however, a discordant species in the New Zealand fauna, and may therefore not improbably have been introduced into that country from South Africa. EucosMA LOCHMAEA, Ni. Sp. Gg. 20-22 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark purplish-ashy-fuscous. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa gently arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen straight, rather oblique; dark fuscous, almost wholly covered with suffused confluent dark purplish-leaden transverse striation from base to a narrow irregular somewhat curved rather oblique central fascia of ground- colour; four pairs of oblique dark purplish-leaden strigulae from posterior half of costa, running into a fasciate blotch hmiting ocellus anteriorly ; a dark purplish-leaden streak along termen, preceded on lower half by four elongate black dots: cila dark purple-grey, sprinkled with dark fuscous. Hindwings with 5 and 4 stalked; grey; cilia grey. Navan, Durban (Marley); four specimens, bred in June from larvae feeding in pods of “ sugar-bush,” presumably a Leguminous shrub. EucosMA TENAX, 0. sp. go @. 19-20 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax in ¢ mixed with ochreous, grey, and- dark fuscous, in 92 ferruginous. Antennal ciliations in ¢ nearly 2. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa slightly arched, in 9 more strongly anteriorly, in @ with moderate fold from base to 2, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, somewhat oblique; ochreous-whitish ; markings deep ferruginous, in ¢ much mixed with grey and strigulated with blackish, in 9 with only a few grey and black scales; basal patch moderate, edge in ¢ nearly straight, little oblique, in 2 more oblique, obtusely Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 279 angulated in middle; central fascia rather broad, evenly wide, oblique, straight, posterior edge with a projection below middle, less marked in 9 ; an irregular fascia from about * of costa to lower part of termen and tornus, dilated towards costa, especially in 9, and more narrowed downwards, enclosing one or two whitish dots on costa ; two or three costal dots between these markings ; a small mark on costa before apex, whence a more or less expressed stria runs along upper part of termen: cilia in @ grey mixed with ochreous and blackish, in 2 ferruginous-ochreous, becoming paler towards tips. Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate; grey, rather darker posteriorly (in Q specimen missing) ; cilia light grey, with darker subbasal shade. CaprE Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; three specimens. Gren. ARGYROPLOCE Hib. ARGYROPLOCE ORICHLORA, 0. Sp. 6&6 2. 18-19 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax green irregularly mixed with black. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly sinuate, little oblique ; green, with more or less expressed irregular transverse striae of whitish or pale bluish irroration rising from pairs of white costal strigulae separated by small blackish spots; basal patch of more or less developed blackish marking, edge rather oblique, with rounded median prominence; central fascia blackish, irregular, not oblique, discal area before and beyond this more or less variably suffused irregularly with dark green or blackish ; an outwards-oblique streak of blackish suffusion from dorsum before tornus reaching half across Wing ; an irregular upwards-oblique blackish streak from middle of termen not reaching costa, sometimes surrounded with dark grey suffusion and some reddish sprinkling; three black strigulae on lower part of termen; one specimen is largely suffused generally with dark grey: cilia green with rows of whitish points, somewhat reddish- tinged towards tips. Hindwings grey, veins dark grey, apex and termen suffused with dark grey ; cilia hght grey, with dark grey basal shade, tips whitish. CarE Conony, Oudebosch (1500 ft.) and Table Mountain, in January and February (Barnard); three specimens. Belongs to the bryana group, rather numerous in India, of which it is the first African representative. 29 280 Annals of the South African Museum. GELECHIADAKE. Gren. PYCNOSTOLA Meyr. PycnostToLa PERLUSTRATA, Nl. Sp. dg. 14-16mm. Head pale grey, sidetufts whitish. Palpi ochreous- grey, terminal joint whitish, grey anteriorly. Thorax light grey. Abdomen grey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings narrowly elongate- lanceolate ; fulvous-ochreous, veins and margins streaked with light grey sprinkled with dark fuscous; an indistinct dark fuscous dot beneath costa towards base; stigmata indistinct, dark fuscous, plical very obliquely before first discal: cilia light grey, towards base somewhat mixed with white and sprinkled with dark fuscous. Hind- wings and cilia light grey. Cape Conony, Fransch Hoek, in June (Barnard); two specimens. Resembles iluminata, but smaller, and immediately distinguished by grey cilia of hindwings. PYCNOSTOLA OECONOMICA, 0D. Sp. 6 2. 18-19 mm. Head and thorax white, more or less speckled with fuscous. Palpi pale brownish sprinkled with dark fuscous, tuft long, edge white, terminal joint white speckled with dark fuscous. Abdomen whitish irrorated with fuscous. Forewings elongate, very narrow, costa slightly arched, apex acute, termen faintly sinuate, extremely oblique; fuscous, suffused and irregularly mixed with whitish irroration, and more or less streaked with pale yellow- ochreous in disc; stigmata blackish, discal approximated, plical very obliquely before first discal : cilia ochreous-whitish mixed with fuscous. Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish-ochreous-grey. Cape Conony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ; two specimens. PYCNOSTOLA CELERIS, N. Sp. 6. 20-22 mm. Head and thorax white, shoulders sprinkled with grey. Palpi ochreous-whitish sprinkled with dark fuscous, tuft long, edge white, terminal joint white, with anterior edge dark fuscous. Abdomen white, more or less suffused with grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex pointed, termen slightly sinuate, extremely oblique ; whitish (¢) or pale yellow-ochreous ( 2 ), more or less speckled irregularly with fuscous, especially along margins ; stig- mata small, indistinct, ferruginous-brownish, discal approximated, Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 281 plical very obliquely before first discal: cilia whitish, base with a few fuscous specks. Hindwings pale whitish-grey ; cilia whitish-ochreous. Care Conony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ; three specimens. Gren. MEGACRASPEDUS Zell. MEGACRASPEDUS PERACUTA, ND. Sp. 62. 11-13 mm. Head white, with a dark grey mark on each side of forehead. Palpi white, second joint blackish except apex, tuft very short, terminal joint blackish towards tip. Thorax yellow- whitish, shoulders dark grey. Abdomen blackish-grey. Forewings lanceolate, apex produced, acute; yellow-ochreous, sometimes tinged with grey posteriorly; costal edge white on basal third: cilia light greyish-ochreous, becoming whitish on costa towards middle. Huind- wings grey; cilia pale greyish-ochreous. Carr Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; four specimens. MEGACRASPEDUS PHOTINOPA, Nl. Sp. d. 138mm. Headand thorax white. Palpi white, second joint with a median band of fuscous irroration. Abdomen grey-whitish. Fore- wings elongate-lanceolate ; white; a rather broad whitish-ochreous streak sprinkled with grey and dark fuscous running from base beneath costa to1, thence obliquely deflected to a small round yellow-whitish spot edged with a few dark scales representing second discal stigma, and a similar streak from middle of base to a more obscure similar spot representing plical stigma; some grey irroration towards costa at 2, and two or three scales on tornus ; an apical spot of grey;suffusion : cilia whitish, at apex with sharp median and apical grey lines. Hind- wings light grey ; cilia grey-whitish. Care Cotony, Table Mountain, in February (Barnard); one specimen. Gen. EPITHECTIS Meyr. EPItHecTIS ExSTINCTA, Meyr. In the original example veins 6 and 7 of forewings are stated to rise out of 8, but in two specimens since examined 7 and 8 rise out 6, which must therefore be held to be the normal structure, and on this. difference the species should be referred to H'pithectis. 282 Annals of the South African Museum. Gen. TELPHUSA Chamb. TELPHUSA LIMENABEA, 0. Sp. gd. 12mm. Head white. Palpi white, second joint mixed with black on basal half, terminal joint with two black bands. Thorax white, shoulders irrorated with dark grey, dorsum with two small black spots anteriorly. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; dark grey, tips of scales very finely whitish; extreme base mixed with black; a broad white antemedian fascia edged with blackish ante- riorly and preceded by a brown subcostal mark, its posterior half not reaching costa and marked with a black subcostal dot in an indenta- tion, its posterior margin followed by a brown transverse spot in disc ; opposite white costal and tornal spots at 3, their anterior angles connected by a black mark, above and beneath which is some brownish suffusion: cilia whitish (imperfect). Hindwings pale grey; cilia ochreous-whitish. Cape Conony, Capetown, in December (Lightfoot) ; one specinen. TELPHUSA IRIDITIS, h. sp. ¢d. 12 mm. Head iridescent grey-whitish irregularly speckled with blackish. Palpi grey, second and terminal joints each with two bands of blackish irroration, terminal joint thickened with scales. Thorax violet-grey suffusedly irrorated and marked with blackish. Abdomen greyish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, faintly sinuate towards middle, apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded ; purplish-grey speckled with black, with iridescent ereen reflections ; three small spots of black irroration on costa at 4, 4, and middle, each with a small brownish-ochreous spot adjacent beneath, some whitish irroration between these extending obliquely towards disc ; a black oblique mark in disc beneath first of these, and a black longitudinal spot beneath second; three small brownish- ochreous tufts towards dorsum from } to before tornus; a small brownish-ochreous spot in middle of disc and another at 3; a trans- verse black spot in disc towards apex, preceded by two brownish- ochreous dots transversely placed; three brownish-ochreous dots on costa and two on termen towards apex, separated with black and with a more distinct small black spot at apex: cilia pale grey with some black specks towards base, round apex with basal area purple-whitish speckled with black. Hindwings light grey thinly scaled towards base, margins and veins suffused with darker grey ; cilia light grey. Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 283. S.W. Prorecroratr, Narugas, in January (Lightfoot); one specimen. Gren. GELECHIA Hib. GELECHIA ALBIFLORA, 0. Sp. 6 @. 19-20 mm. Head ochreous-white. Palpi ochreous-white, base blackish, terminal joint more or less irrorated with blackish. Thorax ochreous-white, patagia dark fuscous, a spot on each side adjacent to these or (in ¢) whole anterior dorsa! half blackish. Abdomen in ¢ ochreous-whitish, apparently becoming dark fuscous posteriorly, in 2 whitish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex tolerably pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; dark ashy-fuscous ; an irregular ochreous-white transverse strigula from base of costa; an irregular ochreous-white spot beneath costa at 1; a thick black streak extending along fold from + to near middle of wing, interrupted by two ochreous-white spots; an ochreous-white spot in dise slightly beyond second of these, and a larger spot in disc at %, these more or less surrounded with black and united by a black blotch ; opposite small cloudy whitish spots at # of costa and tornus tending to unite into a straight line touching this; some irregular whitish scales in disc beyond this: cilia ochreous-white, at base with a few blackish scales. Hindwings ochreous-whitish, with a slight bluish tinge: cilia ochreous-whitish. Care Conony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ; two specimens. Allied to triplacopis; the colour of ¢ abdomen might be due to decay. GFELECHIA LEUCODOXA, 0. sp. $ @. 14-15 mm. Head white. Palpi white, base of second joint black, terminal joint more or less closely irrorated with black. Thorax white, shoulders narrowly black. Abdomen whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; light grey, more or less wholly overlaid with ochreous-white ; markings blackish ; a rather broad basal fascia, outer edge obtusely angulated below middle; a moderate irregular-edged slightly oblique fascia at 2, not reaching dorsum; a rather broad transverse fascia at 2. with anterior projection above middle, and containing an irregular white spot in disc sometimes extending to posterior edge ; an irregular apical spot: cilia whitish. Hindwings whitish-grey ; cilia whitish. CargE Conony, Capetown, in February and March (Péringuey, Lightfoot) ; three specimens. Allied to preceding. 284. Annals of the South African Museum. GELECHIA CATHARODES, 0. sp. 3. 22 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-white with a few black scales. Palpi white irrorated with black. Antennal ciliations nearly 1. Abdomen whitish, apical half except anal tuft suffused with grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex tolerably pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; ochreous-white, irregularly sprinkled with black, mostly towards margins; an irregular blackish transverse subbasal streak, shortly extended along dorsum; stigmata represented by small irregular spots of dense black irroration, plical beneath first discal and touching it, second discal larger and transverse, reaching to near dorsum: cilia ochreous-white with a few black specks. Hindwings whitish-grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish. Caps Coxtony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft ; one specimen. Gren. COMPSOLECHIA Meyr. CoOMPSOLECHIA PERMAGNA, HN. Sp. 2. 30mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish-ochreous, with a few light brownish specks. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; whitish- ochreous, with scattered light brownish scales; discal stigmata irregular, light ferruginous-brown, with two or three blackish scales; a cloudy light ferruginous-brown line along termen, with a few blackish scales : cilia light ochreous-grey, on costa whitish-ochreous. Hindwings considerably over 1, termen slightly sinuate; pale grey; cilia whitish- erey-ochreous. TRANSVAAL, junction of Limpopo and Marico rivers (Eriksson) ; one specimen. GEN. DICHOMERIS Hib. DICHOMERIS FLUITANS, 0. sp. S$. 16 mm. Head grey, sidetufts tinged with whitish-ochreous. Palpi dark grey slightly speckled with whitish, second joint with scales rather expanded above towards apex and long projecting apical tuft beneath, terminal joint longer than second, whitish, anterior edge dark fuscous. Thorax pale ochreous-yellowish dorsally tinged with grey, shoulders dark fuscous. Abdomen grey, anal tuft whitish- ochreous. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen faintly sinuate, extremely oblique; light ochreous- yellowish, dorsal half suffused with brownish-ochreous ; a very small Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 285 dark fuscous spot on base of costa; discal stigmata small, blackish, an additional dot halfway between first discal and base; an apical spot of dark fuscous suffusion: cilia pale brownish-ochreous, on costa pale yellowish. Hindwings iridescent-grey ; cilia light grey. Narat, Howick (Symons); one specimen. Gren. ERIDACHTHA Meyr. ERIDACHTHA COSYMBOTA, Nh. Sp. 6. 15mm. Head ochreous-vellow, crown centrally tinged with violet-fuscous. Palpi ochreous-yellow, second joint externally tinged with fuscous except towards apex. Antennae light ochreous-yellowish, becoming greyish-tinged towards apex. Thorax dark violet-grey. Abdomen grey, anal tuft pale ochreous. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen nearly straight, oblique; 7 and 8 stalked; dark violet-grey, suffusedly irrorated with dark fuscous ; an obscure cloudy darker spot representing second discal stigma, edged anteriorly by a small roundish ochreous- whitish spot: cilia dark fuscous, tips whitish on termen, an ochreous- whitish costal patch before apex. Hindwings grey, darker towards apex; cilia pale grey, towards base and tips ochreous-whitish. Cape Conony, Oudebosch (1500 ft.) and Table Mountain, in January and February (Barnard) ; three specimens. Gen. BRACHMIA Hib. BRACHMIA OCHYROTA, N. Sp. ¢. 13 mm. Head, palpi, antennae and thorax pale ochreous, second joint of palpi slightly infuscated at base, or sometimes sprinkled with fuscous. Abdomen whitish-ochreous suffused with pale grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen rather obliquely rounded ; 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to apex; pale ochreous, sometimes sprinkled with fuscous; a blackish dot on base of costa; stigmata black, plical beneath first discal; a black dot on dorsum beneath second discal, tending to be connected with it by a faint variable fuscous shade; an almost marginal series of black dots round posterior part of costa and termen: cilia pale ochreous. Hindwings whitish-ochreous tinged with grey ; cilia whitish-ochreous. Narat, Howick (Fuller); one specimen; also two in my collection from Pinetown, in September and January (Leigh). Intermediate between serialis and sterictis. 286 Annals of the South African Museum. OECOPHORIDAE. Gey. TANYZANCLA Meyr. TANYZANCLA DIORYCTA, N. Sp. gS. 16-17mm. Head, palpi, and thorax greyish-fulvous. Antennal ciliations 3. Abdomendark grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen nearly straight, oblique ; deep brownish-fulvous, sometimes variably and suffusedly mixed with grey; a triangular dark grey blotch on dorsum beyond middle, reaching more than half across wing, anteriorly edged by a fine white line; a cloudy irregular dark grey streak from costa at } to apex of this blotch, preceded on costa by a slight whitish mark; an oval blotch of ground-colour or light yellow-ochreous in disc above tornus outlined except above with whitish suffusion or a white line and then with dark grey; sometimes an apical blotch of hght yellowish suffusion: cilia rather dark grey, base somewhat mixed with brownish- fulvous. Hindwings rather dark grey; cilia grey. Carre Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; four specimens. Alhed to chalinitis. TANYZANCLA SEMISTRICTA, Nn. sp. dg. 21 mm. Head and thorax pale greyish-ochreous. Palpi ochreous-whitish sprinkled with fuscous. Abdomen grey-whitish, segments with basal ochreous bands. Forewing elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; pale greyish-ochreous with scattered dark fuscous specks ; a shcrt slender dark fuscous longitudinal streak from base of costa; a broad irregular dark fuscous longitudinal submedian streak from base to apex, finely attenuated towards base, irregularly narrowed on apical portion, upper edge with slight prominences indicating discal stigmata and finely edged with white between these, beneath with slender irre- eular branches above and below fold to tornus ; slender irregwar dorsal and subdorsal dark fuscous streaks from base, meeting just before tornus: cilia ochreous-grey-whitish. Hindwings pale greyish ; cilia orey-whitish. Caps Cotony, Capetown, in May (Barnard) ; one specimen. Gen. PROTOMACHA Meyr. PROTOMACHA SOSIGONA, Nl. Sp. gS. 2lmm. Head white, sidetufts and back of crown tinged with pale ochreous. Palpi fuscous, terminal joint whitish posteriorly. Thorax Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 287 pale ochreous-bronzy. Abdomen whitish-ochreous. Forewings elon- gate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen nearly straight, oblique; pale ochreous-bronzy; a white attenuated streak along costa from base to *, costal edge dark fuscous towards base ; stigmata minute, dark fuscous, plical beneath first discal; a curved subterminal series of indistinct minute dark fuscous dots : cilia whitish- ochreous. Hindwings pale greyish; cilia grey-whitish, with faint greyish subbasal shade. Carr Conony, Zonder End Peak, 3600 ft., in January (Barnard) ; one specimen. Gen. DEPRESSARIA Haw. DEPRESSARIA GRAMMATOPA, Nl. Sp. 2. 18 mm. Head and palpi lght greyish-ochreous (partially defaced). Thorax light brownish. Abdomen whitish-ochreous slightly sprinkled with grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded ; 2 and 3 stalked ; hight brownish sprinkled with fuscous ; first discal stigma represented by an extremely oblique black dash, second by a cloudy blackish dot : cilia pale brownish. Hindwings pale greyish, veins suffusedly darker ; cilia pale greyish-ochreous. Care Cotony, Table Mountain, 2500 ft., in November (Barnard) ; one specimen. DEPRESSARIA CRYPSICOSMA, N. Sp. Q@. 20 mm. Head dark fuscous irrorated with white. Palpi whitish, irregularly sprinkled with grey and blackish, terminal joint with two bands of blackish irroration. Thorax whitish-ochreous, anterior half dark fuscous irrorated with white. Abdomen grey- whitish. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen rounded, rather strongly oblique; 2 and 3 stalked; pale yellow- ochreous ; costal edge fuscous, irrorated with whitish, slightly thickened posteriorly, united with a broad marginal band of fuscous suffusion irrorated with whitish extending round apex and termen and continued more narrowly along dorsum to before middle; first discal stigma black, distinct, a minute black dot obliquely before and above it, second represented by an undefined rather dark fuscous dot on edge of terminal band: cilia light grey sprinkled with whitish. Hindwings whitish-grey ; cilia grey-whitish. Cape Coxony, Table Mountain, 2500 ft., in November (Barnard) : one specimen. 288 Annals of the South African Museum. DEPRESSARIA COMMUNIS, 0. Sp. gd. 14-15 mm. Head and thorax whitish-fuscous. Palpi whitish, slightly sprinkled with fuscous. Abdomen grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex rounded-obtuse, termen obliquely rounded; 2 and 5 stalked ; light fuscous, with very faint pinkish tinge; a black dot towards costa near base ; discal stigmata small, blackish, a very small additional dot before and above first, and a few scattered blackish scales towards costa between them, second stigma sometimes edged anteriorly by a faint whitish dot ; a marginal series of blackish dots round posterior part of costa and termen: cilia pale grey. Hindwings grey, lighter towards base ; cila whitish-grey. Capt Conony, Table Mountain, in March (Barnard) ; two specimens. DEPRESSARIA RHODOSCELIS, Ni. Sp. ?. 22mm. Head pale ochreous, crown suffused with hight brownish, tuft of cilia beneath eye light crimson. Palpi whitish-ochreous sprinkled with dark grey, second joint suffused externally with rosy-pink. Thorax pale ochreous, with a blackish longitudinal mark on each side of back on posterior half. Tibiae partially suffused with rosy-pink. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex rounded-obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded ; 2 and 3 stalked; pale ochreous with a few scattered black scales; a small blackish subdorsal mark near base: a faint fuscous median streak from base to end of cell, and cloudy light fuscous lines along veins 4-8, other veins faintly tinged with fuscous ; first discal stigma minute, black, second represented by a white dot surrounded by a few black scales; a series of small indistinct blackish marginal dots round posterior part of costa and termen: cilia whitish-ochreous mixed with pale grey, faintly rosy- tinged round apex. Hindwings light grey, whitish-tinged towards base, apex darker ; cilia ochreous-whitish, with light grey basal line, round apex suffused with pale grey. Carre Contony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; one specimen. DEPRESSARIA HOMOGENES, ll. Sp. 2. 18mm. Head whitish-ochreous sprinkled with fuscous, face whitish. Palpi whitish-grey-ochreous, second joint mixed with black anteriorly, terminal joint with base and a supramedian band irrorated with blackish. Thorax greyish-ochreous, posterior extremity grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded; 2 and 3 stalked; greyish-ochreous ; Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 289 costa irregularly strigulated with blackish irroration ; a small blackish mark above dorsum near base, posteriorly suffused with erey ; first discal stigma represented by a black dot, and another obliquely before and above it, second by a white dot surrounded by fuscous suffusion, which forms a cloudy spot before it and a more diffuse patch beyond it; some small indistinct blackish marginal dots round apex and termen : cilia pale grey sprinkled with ochreous-whitish. Hindwings light grey, darker posteriorly ; cilia whitish-ochreous-grey. Cape Corony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; one specimen. DEPRESSARIA PANURGA, 0. Sp. ?. 17mm. Head brownish. Palpi greyish sprinkled with dark fuscous, terminal joint whitish with basal and median bands of blackish irroration. Thorax brownish, anterior and posterior margins marked with blackish. Abdomen light greyish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded ; 2 and 3 stalked; brown suffused with fuscous except beneath costa on anterior half, and with rather dark purplish-fuscous on dorsal 2, darkest towards base; costa marked with small obscure dark fuscous spots or strigulae from base to * ; discal stigmata rather large, whitish, first irregularly edged anteriorly with blackish suffusion or irroration, second preceded by an irregular whitish dot or group of scales almost connected with it: cilia light fuscous, slightly whitish-sprinkled. Hindwings light grey ; cilia pale greyish. Cape Contony, Knysna, in October (Péringuey) ; one specimen. MELOTELES, n. g. Head smooth, side-tufts slightly raised; ocelli small, posterior ; tongue developed. Antennae #, in @ serrate, minutely ciliated, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi long, recurved, second joint thickened with appressed scales, slightly roughened beneath, terminal joint 2 of second, thickened with scales, acute. Maxillary palpi very short, filiform, appressed to tongue. Posterior tibiae clothed with hairs above. Forewings with 16 furcate, 2 and 3 stalked from angle, 7 absent, 11 from middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia +; 3 and 4 connate, 5—7 nearly parallel. MELOTELES XANTHODOXA, 0. Sp. &o. 14mm. Head, palpi, and thorax yellow-ochreous tinged with ferruginous. Abdomen pale ochreous. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; yellow-ochreous 290 Annals of the South African Museum. tinged with ferruginous: cilia concolorous. Hindwings and cilia pale yellow-ochreous. BECHUANALAND, Gaberones (Miss Marshall) ; one specimen. Gen. CRYPTOLECHIA Zell. CRYPTOLECHIA AMMOPLEURA, 0. Sp. 2. 33-34 mm. Head and thorax brownish, pale-speckled, side- tufts of crown raised and connivent. Palpi pale rosy-pink speckled with fuscous. Abdomen brown-whitish. Forewings suboblong, pos- teriorly rather dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, little oblique; light grey-brownish, with very obscure irregular transverse striation of purple-fuscous speckling; discal stigmata represented by small faint cloudy spots of similar speckling ; costal edge sometimes tinged with pale rosy-pink: cilia pale brownish- erey, basal half speckled with purplish-fuscous. Hindwings and cilia ochreous-whitish, cilia with very faint rosy tinge. Carr Cotony, Capetown, two specimens, bred from larvae feeding in base of receptacle of Protea mellifera (Proteaceae), pupa stated to be like that of Lycaena in shape and attachment. Pupa-case sent, but broken in transit ; apparently pupa sat erect on truncate abdomen (as in several other genera of the Depressariad group) ; surface of pupa- skin curiously freckled with very numerous small groups of minute papillae. BRIAROSTOMA, n. g. Head with appressed scales ; ocelli posterior; tongue developed. Antennae “, basal joint moderate, with pecten. Labial palpi extremely long, straight, porrected, second joint very long, expanded with long rough projecting scales above and beneath, terminal joint short, slender, pointed. Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Posterior tibiae clothed with hairs above. Forewings with 1b furcate, 2 from towards angle, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from somewhat before middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, pointed, cilia {; 3 and 4 connate, 5—7 parallel. Perhaps near Diocosma. BRIAROSTOMA PYRRHOPSAMMA, Ni. Sp. Q. 19 mm. Head and thorax whitish-ochreous faintly rosy- tinged. Palpi ochreous-whitish tinged with rosy, irrorated with dark fuscous. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex tolerably Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 291 pointed, termen very oblique, hardly rounded; ferruginous: cilia hight ferruginous, on costa rosy-tinged. _Hindwings and cilia ochreous- whitish, cilia faintly rosy-tinged. Carr Conony, Zonder End Peak, 3600 ft., in January (Barnard). Not in good condition, but a distinct form. Gren. ISOCRITA Meyr. TsocriIta ITHYDOXA, Nl. Sp. g. 12mm. Head ochreous-whitish. Palpi whitish, second joint infuscated towards apex, terminal joint suffused with dark fuscous anteriorly. Thorax fuscous mixed with whitish, shoulders dark fuscous. Abdomen light greyish. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex produced, acute, termen extremely obliquely rounded ; light brownish, irregularly suffused with whitish and sprinkled with fuscous ; a rather broad dark fuscous streak from base of costa to termen beneath apex, posterior half suffused with ground-colour beneath: cilia pale grey mixed with whitish towards base (imperfect). Hindwings pale grey ; cilia whitish-grey. CapE Cotony, Upington, in January (Fath. R. Sollier) ; one specimen. XYLOR YC RIDA Gen. EPORYCTA Meyr. EPORYCTA CHIONAULA, Ni. Sp. 6. 29 mm. Head white, crown partially suffused with pale ochreous. Palpi white, suffused with ochreous-grey anteriorly. Antennal pectinations 1, ciated. Thorax light ochreous mixed with grey, with a white streak on inner side of patagia. Abdomen whitish, segments with coppery bands. Forewings elongate, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, rather strongly oblique ; light ochreous suffusedly mixed with grey, especially on veins ; markings shining snow-white ; a streak along costa from base almost to apex, cut by lines of ground-colour on veins 9-11; a moderate streak from base above middle to termen beneath apex, on posterior fourth bisected by a line of ground-colour; streaks between veins 2-5, uppermost very slender and short; streaks above and beneath vein 1b, lower one not extended quite to its apex: cilia white, barred with grey on apex, 292 Annals of the South African Museum. suffused with light grey on lower part of termen, becoming darker towards tornus. Hindwings light greyish-ochreous ; cilia white. ORANGE FREE State, Smithfield (Kannemeyer) ; one specimen. ASAPHARCHA, n. g >: Head with appressed scales, sidetufts loosely raised ; ocelli small, posterior; tongue developed. Antennae $, in ¢ serrulate, shortly ciliated, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi long, curved, ascending, second joint reaching base of antennae, much thickened with dense appressed scales, terminal joint as long as second, moderate, acute. Maxillary palpi very short, filiform, appressed to tongue. Anterior tarsi moderate, rather longer than tibiae ; posterior tibiae clothed with dense rough scales above. Forewings with 1b long- furcate, 2 from angle, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from middle. Hindwings 1, trapezoidal-ovate, termen faintly sinuate, cilia }; 3 and 4 connate, 5 rather approximated, 6 and 7 approximated towards base. Perhaps related to Thalamarchis. ASAPHARCHA STRIGIFERA, Nl. Sp. g 9. 17-18 mm. Head and palpi ochreous-yellow, base of palpi with a few dark fuscous scales. Thorax ochreous-whitish, anterior margin irregularly marked with dark fuscous suffusion. Abdomen fuscous. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, somewhat oblique; ochreous-whitish, costal edge ochreous-yellow ; irregularly strewn dark fuscous transverse strigulae arranged along costa from base to about 3, and forming a sparse irregular group towards median third of dorsum, and a denser patch suffused in centre between cell and termen; stigmata dark fuscous, plical somewhat elongate, beneath first discal: cilia whitish-yellowish barred with dark fuscous irroration. Hindwings rather dark grey ; cilia whitish-yellowish, with faint greyish subbasal shade. TRANSVAAL, junction of Crocodile and Marico rivers, in February (R. Tucker) ; two specimens. ORNEODIDAE. I have set forth elsewhere (Exotic Micro-lepidoptera, vol. i, p. 555) the evidence on which I now assign this family to the Tineina, as a development from the Copromorphidae. Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 293: GEN. ORNEODES Latr. ORNEODES HABROPHILA, Ni. Sp. 36. 14mm. Head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen whitish; palpi 23, porrected, second joint with rough projecting hairscales above and beneath, terminal joint half second. Forewings whitish; faint indications of ochreous-yellowish fasciae before and beyond middle, principally on cilia; a narrow grey fascia sprinkled with blackish crossing segments 38-6 at 4 of wing, principally marked on cilia, slenderest on 3: cilia otherwise whitish. Hindwings whitish; an ochreous-yellowish fascia crossing segments 2—6 at 1, narrowest on 2, slightly fuscous-edged posteriorly ; cilia whitish, on fascia yellowish. ZuLuLAND, Eshowe (Marley); one specimen. Also Navan, Pine- town, in January (Leigh), one specimen in my collection; expanse 16 mm., forewings with distinct but undefined median fascia of ochreous-yellow suffusion, fascia of hindwings more strongly edged with fuscous. ORNEODES BRACHYZONA, H. Sp. ¢. 18 mm. Head white. Palpi 23, subascending, white, second jomt thickened with scales projecting beneath towards apex, suffused with pale ochreous with a lateral streak of dark fuscous irroration except towards apex, terminal joint half second. Thorax grey, anterior third ochreous-white. Abdomen ochreous-whitish, two basal segments grey, third dark fuscous preceded by some white irroration. Forewings white; a blackish-grey basal patch extending on costa to + and on dorsum to 1; a blackish dot on costa at 1; a blackish- grey fascia crossing segments 2—5 before middle, connected on fifth with basal patch; a narrow curved yellow-ochreous median fascia crossing wing just beyond this, slightly sprinkled with blackish-grey ; a narrow irregular rather curved blackish-grey fascia mixed with whitish crossing segments 2-6 at 2, completed on first segment by a yellow-ochreous spot sprinkled with grey; an ochreous-yellowish grey-sprinkled dot on costa at 3; a blackish dot on each segment before tip: cila white, on antemedian and postmedian fasciae blackish-grey. Hindwings white; base suffused with blackish-grey ; transverse series of small yellowish spots sprinkled with blackish at 1 and 2, a series of blackish dots before these, two between them, and one beyond them towards tip; cilia white. Care Cotony, Abraham’s Kraal, in April (Mrs. v. d. Bijl); one specimen. 294. Annals of the South African Museum. GLY PHIPTERYGIDAE. Gen. PHYCODES Guen. PHYCODES PSELIOTA, ll. Sp. Q. 16 mm. Head grey. Palpi white, terminal joint grey. Thorax dark grey sprinkled with whitish. Abdomen grey. Fore- wings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa nearly straight, rather arched towards apex, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, somewhat oblique; blackish-grey, with close fine transverse striation of whitish points; direct transverse blackish fasciae bordered with violet-silvery-metallic streaks at + and 2; blackish spots margined with violet-silvery-metallic streaks at apex and tornus: cilia violet- erey, above tornus with a patch of blue suffusion. Hindwings dark fuscous; an undefined patch of ochreous-yellow suffusion occupying central portion of disc and extending to near base and dorsum; cilia ochreous-whitish, with dark fuscous basal line. Nara, Durban (Marley); one specimen. Allied to adjectella, but distinct by yellow hindwings. Gren. ATYCHIA Latr. ATYCHIA INFANDA, 0. Sp. 3. 17-18 mm. 9. 22 mm. Head and thorax blue-blackish, hairs of collar mixed with pale ochreous. Palpi blackish, white at base and beneath. Antennae blackish, in ¢ unipectinated with short stout lamellae (14). Abdomen blackish, segmental margins in ¢ mixed with grey-whitish, in 9 dark grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa slightly arched, apex rounded-obtuse. termen rounded, somewhat oblique; dark bronzy-fuscous, with a faint purplish tinge: cilia dark fuscous, extreme tips whitish round apex. Hindwings dark fuscous; a small irregular suffused ochreous-whitish spot in dise slightly before middle, and a smaller one midway between this and tornus ; cilia fuscous, with dark fuscous subbasal line, tips whitish. Care Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; three specimens. Allied to guiris, but seems constant. ATYCHIA NYCTEROPIS, Nl. Sp. ¢g. 183mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen blackish. Palpi blackish, white towards base and beneath. Antennae blackish, much thickened Descriptions of South African Micro- Lepidoptera. 295 with scales, not pectinated. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa slightly arched, apex rounded, termen rounded, somewhat oblique ; 2 and 3 stalked; blackish, with a faint purple tinge: cilia dark fuscous, extreme tips whitish. Hindwings blackish-fuscous ; cilia dark fuscous, extreme tips whitish. Carr Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft. ; one specimen. GEN. SIMAETHIS Leach. SIMAETHIS ENTECHNA, ND. Sp. 2. 10mm. Head and thorax blackish speckled with whitish, face and palpi white sprinkled with dark fuscous. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings somewhat elongate-triangular, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, somewhat oblique ; blackish ; a very irregular cloudy pale ochreous-yellowish transverse line at 2, costal extremity white, preceded and followed by fasciae of white irroration ; two cloudy ochreous-whitish dots transversely placed in disc beyond middle; a transverse white mark from costa at 2,and an inwardly oblique white mark from dorsum at 2, with some irregular ochreous- whitish and chestnut-brown suffusion indicating a connecting line; an elongate patch of chestnut-brown suffusion beneath costa from before middle to near apex, terminated by an irregular pale ochreous apical blotch, slenderly connected on margin with a small spot on middle of termen ; an undefined fascia of scanty white irroration from 3 of costa to tornus: cilia greyish with two blackish shades, with small whitish patches above and below middle of termen. Hindwings dark fuscous ; an irregular yellow-ochreous blotch in disc beyond middle ; a yellow- ochreous marginal line round apex ; cilia whitish, with dark fuscous subbasal line, tinged with reddish basally towards middle of termen. Narat, Durban (Marley) ; one specimen. Gen. GLYPHIPTERYX Hib. GLYPHIPTERYX AMPHIPEDA, N. Sp. 2. 12mm. Head and thorax dark bronzy (defaced). Palpi with whorls of dark fuscous white-tipped scales (defaced). Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen somewhat sinuate, very oblique; golden-bronze; markings violet-silvery-whitish irregularly edged with blackish scales ; a rather narrow fascia from 9 costa near base to before middle of dorsum, and another from 2 of costa to % of dorsum; an oblique streak from middle of costa reaching ‘half across wing; a narrow slightly sinuate fascia from 3 of costa to * of dorsum, and one nearly staight from 2 of costa to tornus ; a small 23 N 296 Annals of the South African Museum. wedge-shaped mark on costa before apex; an elongate blackish mark along upper part of termen, containing two silvery dots: cilia white, with a grey patch round apex, on lower part of termen with a blackish basal line. Hindwings and cilia pale grey. Carr Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4000 ft., in April; one specimen, not in good condition, but the species is very distinct and easy of recognition. GLYPHIPTERYX DIPLOTOXA, h. Sp- gd. 11 mm. Head and thorax dark bronzy-fuscous, with a fine white line on side of crown. Palpi with whorls of black white-tipped scales, roughly projecting at apex of second joint beneath. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly sinuate, oblique ; dark bronzy-fuscous, posterior half largely suffused with pale bronzy-ochreous ; markings shining white; a rather oblique fasciate streak from dorsum at + reaching } across wing, apex truncate; a narrow slightly curved fascia from before middle of costa to beyond middle of dorsum, rather widened downwards ; a narrow slightly curved or bent pale silvery-grey fascia, white on costa, from 2 of costa to dorsum before tornus, edged with dark fuscous anteriorly ; three small spots on costa between this and apex ; two silvery spots along upper and lower parts of termen, upper edged above by a small black apical spot: cilia white, base within a black median line pale bronzy, indented with white beneath apex, on costa above apex deeper bronze with a blackish projecting apical hook. Hindwings grey ; cilia grey, round apex with outer half whitish-grey. Carpet Conony, Table Mountain, in February (Barnard) ; one specimen. GLYPHIPTERYX CLIMACASPIS, nN. Sp. go @. 10-16 mm. Head dark bronzy-fuscous. Palpi with four whorls of black white-tipped scales, anterior edge of terminal joint black. Thorax dark bronze. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen sinuate, very oblique; ¢ and 8 stalked in g, separate in @; pale shining golden-bronze ; costal edge more or less suffused with grey; markings shining silvery- metallic-whitish edged with dark grey; a longitudinal streak from base above middle to 2; a streak along fold from base, beyond apex of preceding bent obliquely down and continued to dorsum at }; five streaks from costa, first three oblique, first from somewhat before middle, reaching * across wing, sometimes touching praetornal streak, second reaching } across wing, approaching apex of praetornal streak, Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 297 third longer, more or less incurved, touching apex of post-tornal streak, fourth short, direct, fifth running to termen above middle; erect praetornal and post-tornal streaks tinged with violet-golden joimed by three black bars usually interrupted to form six spots; a short slender streak on apical edge: cilia whitish-grey, .basal half ‘within a bronzy line silvery-metallic. Hindwings grey; cilia whitish- erey. Cape Conony, Table Mountain (2500 ft.), Zonder End Peak (3600 ft.), Hottentot-Holland Mts. (4000 ft.), from November to March (Barnard) ; ten specimens. GEN. CHRYSOCENTRIS Meyr. CHRYSOCENTRIS URANIA, D. Sp. $2. 13-14 mm. Head light yellow-ochreous (rubbed). Palpi whitish-ochreous, second joint with three blackish rings, with long roughly projecting whitish-ochreous hair-scales beneath, anterior end of terminal joint blackish. Thorax pale bronzy-ochreous transversely barred with blackish (rubbed). Abdomen blackish, segmental margins in 2 whitish. Forewings elongate, posteriorly rather dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; ochreous-bronze ; numerous small blue or violet-metallic spots partly edged with blackish, viz. a series of about eight transverse marks from costa, posteriorly becoming pale ochreous on costa, about eighteen variable spots arranged in three irregular longitudinal series in disc, and a terminal series of dots: cilia pale ochreous, on basal half ochreous-bronze, suffusedly barred with blackish. Hindwings black; in ? several quadrate white spots in dise, very obscurely indicated in g ; several small white spots towards apex, and a series along termen, in 9 distinct, in ¢ more suffused ; cilia grey, with blackish subbasal shade, obscurely barred with whitish suffusion. Nartat, Inchanga and Krantzkop, in November (Barnard) ; three specimens. ELACHISTIDAE. Gen. ELACHISTA Treitsch. ELACHISTA MERIMNAEA, 0. Sp. gd. 11mm. Head, palpi, and thorax white. Abdomen light grey. Forewings lanceolate; white, with scattered fuscous specks, denser 298 Annals of the South African Museum. towards posterior part of dorsum, and forming a small spot of irrora- tion on costa before apex: cilia white, with a few fuscous specks, above apex with a spot of fuscous suffusion. Hindwings grey-whitish ; cilia yellow-whitish. Carge Cotony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ; one specimen. SCYTHRIDAE. Gren. SCYTHRIS Hib. ScyTHRIS MELIGASTRA, Nl. Sp. 2. 17 mm. Head yellow-ochreous. Palpi ochreous - whitish, terminal joint and upper part of second anteriorly dark fuscous. Thorax ochreous - grey. Abdomen yellow - ochreous. Forewings elongate-lanceolate ; ochreous-grey ; plical and second discal stigmata blackish: cilia ochreous-grey. Hindwings with 4 and 5. stalked ; fuscous ; cilia ochreous-grey, paler towards tips. S. W. Prorecrorate, Narugas, in January (Lightfoot); one specimen. ScYTHRIS EXSOLUTA, 0. sp. 6. 20mm. Head, palpi, and thorax light grey. Antennal cilia- tions 13. Abdomen light greyish-ochreous. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex acute, termen slightly sinuate, extremely oblique; grey, with an elongate patch of whitish suffusion in disc before middle, and obscurely mixed with whitish posteriorly ; second discal stigma obscurely darker: cilia light grey mixed with whitish. Hindwings with 4 and 5 stalked; pale grey; cilia pale ereyish-ochreous. Cape Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4000 ft., in April; one specimen. ScCYTHRIS DIMENSA, 0. sp. 6. 10mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark purple-grey. Antennal ciliations 3. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate-lanceolate ; dark iridescent-purple-grey ; a sharply defined rather narrow whitish median longitudinal streak from base to 2: cilia grey, towards base suffused with purplish. Hindwings with 4 and 5 separate; dark grey ; cilia grey. Narat, Durban, in March (Marley) ; one specimen. Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 299 PTEROLONCHIDAE. ANATHYRSA, n. g. Head loosely rough-haired above, sidetufts raised, spreading, face with appressed scales; ocelli small, posterior; tongue absent. Antennae nearly 1, basal joimt moderate, with pecten. Labial palpi very long, nearly straight, ascending, second joint very long, thickened with dense scales, with long rough hair-scales above on posterior half to apex, terminal joint less than half second, projecting from apical hairs, slender, filiform, hardly pointed. Maxillary palpi absent, Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs above. Forewings with 1b furcate, 2 from +, 3 from angle, 7 to costa, 8 absent, 9 and 10 from near 7, 11 from before middle. Hindwings under 1, ovate-lanceolate, cilia over 1 ; 2-7 separate, nearly parallel, transverse vein from 3 to 4 outwards-oblique. A remarkable and interesting form. In one forewing of one specimen veins 5 and 6 are stalked—doubtless only a chance abnormality. ANATHYRSA MACROXYLA, DN. sp. Q. 30-34 mm. Head white, crown tinged with pale brownish- ochreous posteriorly. Palpi fuscous, terminal joint and long hairs of second white. Thorax white, anterior half tinged with pale brownish- ochreous. Abdomen whitish. Forewings very elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen faintly sinuate, extremely oblique ; shining white ; a thick brown supramedian longitudinal stripe from base to apex: cilia white. Hindwings ochreous-whitish ; cilia ochreous-whitish, more yellowish-tinged towards base. Cargk Conony, Capetown, in December and February; three specimens. COLEOPHORIDAE. Gen. COLEOPHORA Hib. COLEOPHORA NIPHOCROSSA, N. sp. Q. 12mm. Head and palpi white, centre of crown pale yellowish. Antennae white ringed with fuscous, basal jomt roughly tufted anteriorly, base of stalk thickened with loose scales. Thorax white, patagia and a central stripe pale yellowish. Abdomen grey, segmental margins suffused with white. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate ; rather dark bronzy-brown, dorsal area suffused with bronzy-ochreous ; 300 Annals of the South African Museum. a narrow white costal streak from base to +; a slender white dorsal streak from base to near tornus: cilia light grey, on costa white except towards apex. Hindwings pale grey; cilia whitish-grey. Carre Conony, Capetown, in January (Barnard); one specimen. SANDALOECA, n. g. Head smooth; tongue short. Antennae ®, basa] joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi very long, straight, porrected, second jomt thickened with appressed scales, rather roughly projecting beneath towards apex, terminal joint short, loosely scaled, tolerably obtuse. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs above. Forewings with 2 from angle, 2-4 approximated, 5 and 6 absent, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 9 approximated, 11 from rather before middle. Hindwings 2, narrow-lanceolate, cilia 3; cell open between 3 and 5, 4 absent, 5 and 7 approximated towards base. SANDALOECA LATHRAEA, Nl. Sp. ?. 89mm. Head and thorax pale glossy grey. Palpi whitish, dark fuscous on basal half and beneath throughout. Abdomen light grey. Forewings lanceolate; light glossy grey; a broad suffused glossy white costal streak from base to 4, pointed posteriorly: cilia whitish-grey. Hindwings very pale bluish-grey ; cilia whitish-ochreous. Carr Cotony, Steenbrass, Caledon district (Barnard). Bred from portable cases attached to grass-stems (apparently); case elongate, 6 mm. x 2°5 mm., widest about middle and narrowed towards ex- tremities, convex dorsally and with lateral downward-curved flaps so as to be concave ventrally (thus partially stem-clasping), surface even, pale greyish-ochreous, papery, formed of minute filamentous fragments of dubious nature. ENSCEPASTRA, n. g. Head smooth ; ocelli posterior ; tongue developed. Antennae nearly 1, in ¢ simple, basal joint moderately elongate, without pecten. Labial palpi long, straight, porrected, second joint thickened with loose rough scales above and beneath, terminal joint about } of second, in ¢ slender, porrected, in Q concealed in loose rough scales. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Posterior tibiae clothed with hairs above. Forewings with 2 from angle, 2-4 approximated, 5 absent, 6 and 7 stalked, 7 to costa, 8 absent, 11 from middle. Hindwings 3}, narrow- lanceolate, cilia 5; 5 and 4 absent, cell open between 2 and 5, 5 and 6 stalked, 7 closely approximated at base. Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 301 ENSCEPASTRA PLAGIOPA, D. Sp. fo @. 1-15 mm. Head and thorax grey, suffusedly mixed with white. Palpi grey sprinkled with white. Abdomen whitish-grey. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate, apex rather produced ; grey, closely and suffusedly irrorated with white, in ¢ sometimes almost wholly whitish; plical and first discal stigmata distinct, blackish, plical obliquely anterior: cilia ochreous-whitish, in 9 greyish-tinged. Hindwings pale grey; cilia ochreous-whitish. Capg Cotony, Table Mountain, in February (Barnard); four specimens. PLUTELLIDAE. GEN. PISINIDEA Butl. PISINIDEA EXSUPERANS, 0. Sp. ¢. 18mm. Head, palpi, and thorax fuscous suffusedly irrorated with whitish, forehead without projecting tuft, palpi 6. Abdomen fuscous, segmental margins whitish. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen nearly straight, rather strongly oblique; fuscous finely and suffusedly irrorated with whitish, with a few scattered dark fuscous scales ; an obscure streak of pale ochreous suffusion along fold; a small dark fuscous spot beneath costa near base, and two others representing discal stigmata, these three connected by white suffusion ; a series of dark fuscous linear dots round posterior part of costa and termen: cilia whitish speckled with fuscous. Hind- wings grey; cilia as in forewings. Cape CouLony, Capetown, in April (Haughton); one specimen. Except in the absence of frontal tuft, this species agrees in all respects with the structure of the South American genus Pisinidea. LYONETIADAH. Guy. BUCCULATRIX Zell. BuccuLaTRIxX AGILIS, 0. sp. 3g 2. 7mm. Head whitish-grey, more or less mixed with dark fuscous. Thorax grey-whitish irrorated with black. Abdomen light 302 Annals of the South African Museum. grey. Forewings lanceolate; whitish irrorated with black; the white eround-colour forms a more or less developed oblique streak from middle of dorsum; an oblique blackish streak from 2 of costa to near tornus, obscured by the dark irroration : cilia whitish-grey, round apex white with lines of black irroration. Hindwings grey ; cilia pale grey. Carr Contony, Kimberley, bred in July from larvae feeding on Acacia horrida (Lightfoot) ; five specimens. TINEIDAE. Gen. TINEA Linn. TINEA TRILINGUIS, Nl. Sp. g 2. 11-18 mm. Head fulvous. Antennae ochreous-whitish. Thorax dark purple-fuscous, with a whitish-ochreous median stripe. Abdomen whitish-grey. Forewings elongate-lanceolate ; 4 and 5, or 5 and 6 sometimes short-stalked (inconstant), 7 and 8 stalked; pale ochreous; a broad dark purplish-fuscous median longitudinal streak from base to apex and upper part of termen, extending at base to costa and dorsum: cilia whitish-ochreous, at apex with a dark fuscous bar. Hindwings with 5 and 6 stalked; light grey; cilia whitish. Carr Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; two specimens. TINEA SPILOCOMA, Ni. Sp. gd. 8mm. Head whitish, lower part of face blackish, two blackish spots between antennae. Palpi blackish. Thorax ochreous-whitish, anterior half blackish. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex tolerably pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; light ochreous-brown, irregularly mixed with blackish; costal 2 blackish, crossed by an oblique whitish streak at 4, a broader oblique rhomboidal white spot before middle, two parallel oblique white lines at 2, and an inwardly oblique white mark before apex; about six irregular black marks or short rather oblique spots from dorsum, separated by white suffusion; a slender irregular black terminal streak, edged with white anteriorly: cilia whitish-ochreous, basal third suffusedly mixed with blackish, at apex forming a black spot edged above and below by white spots. Hindwings rather dark purplish-grey ; cilia grey. Carre Conony, Hottentot-Holland Mountains, 3000 ft., in March (Barnard). A notable species, more like cloacella than any other African form. Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 303 TINEA CRAUROTA, 0. Sp. 6. 10mm. Head ochreous-whitish (partly rubbed). Palpi dark fuscous, apex of joints whitish. Antennae almost 1, grey. Thorax greyish-ochreous, shoulders mixed with dark fuscous. Abdomen whitish-grey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded ; 5 and 6 stalked, 7 and 8 stalked; greyish-ochreous, coarsely sprinkled with fuscous; costa suffused with fuscous anteriorly; stigmata represented by rather large roundish fuscous spots mixed with darker, plical obliquely before first discal; margins posteriorly suffusedly mixed with fuscous; cilia pale greyish-ochreous, basal half obscurely barred with fuscous. Hindwings with 5 and 6 stalked; light slaty-grey ; cilia whitish-grey. CarE Cotony, Capetown, in January (Barnard) ; one specimen. TINEA FORTUITA, N. Sp. 6. 13mm. Head pale ochreous, face and sides of crown suffused with ferruginous. Palpi and antennae dark fuscous. Thorax pale ochreous tinged with ferruginous anteriorly, shoulders dark fuscous. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa moderately arched, apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded; shining pale bronzy-ochreous, with several minute scattered blackish dots, variable in position except one on end of cell; costal edge dark fuscous towards base: cilia whitish-grey. Hindwinegs and _ cilia light grey. Carr Cotony, Hottentot-Holland Mountains (Barnard); one specimen. TINEA CHALCOXESTA, ND. Sp. Sd. 14 mm. Head yellow-whitish. Antennae light greyish. Thorax light bronzy. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; light shining brassy-bronze: cilia pale grey. Hindwings light prismatic grey; cilia pale grey. Carré Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; two specimens. Gen. MYRMECOZELA Staint. MyrMECOZELA TERRITA, Ni. Sp. S$. 22 mm. Head ochreous-whitish with a few fuscous hairs Palpi whitish, second joint mixed with dark fuscous except apex. 304 Annals of the South African Museum. Thorax pale violet-grey mixed with dark fuscous, apex of patagia pale reddish-grey. Abdomen pale greyish-ochreous. Forewings elon- gate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded ; light violet-grey irrorated with dark fuscous ; a subcostal series of small blackish spots from near base to beyond middle, and costa spotted with dark posteriorly ; a cloudy spot of blackish suffusion in dise at 2, preceded by some pale suffusion: cilia pale grey sprinkled with dark fuscous. Hindwings grey, with slight brassy tinge; cilia pale grey. Cape Cotony, Capetown, in March (Keytel); one specimen. The venus Myrmecozela absorbs and supersedes Amydria. HOMALOPSYCHA, n. g. Head densely rough-haired ; ocelli small, posterior ; tongue obsolete. Antennae 8, in ¢ serrulate, simple, basal joint moderate, with pecten. Labial palpi moderate, porrected, second joint tufted with dense rough scales beneath, with several projecting lateral bristles, terminal joint much shorter than second, subascending, loosely scaled, tolerably obtuse. Maxillary palpi rather long, several-jointed, folded, filiform. Forewings with 1b fureate, 2 from angle, 7 to costa, 11 from +. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, cilia !; 2-7 separate, 5 and 6 somewhat approximated at base. Difters from Prothinodes by short terminal joint of palpi, and from Lipomering by presence of lateral bristles, but probably allied to both. HOMALOPSYCHA AESTUARIA, 0. Sp. ¢. 20-21 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax pale ochreous-yellowish. Antennae whitish-grey. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded; pale ochreous-yellowish or whitish-ochreous, dorsal area beneath fold somewhat deeper; four or five scattered blackish specks along fold; costal edge dark grey towards base; a cloudy longitudinal streak of grey suffusion from base beneath costa, sometimes blackish towards base, becoming lighter posteriorly and at middle, separating into two arms composed of faint cloudy neural lines, upper running to posterior portion of costa, lower to lower portion of termen, included area more whitish-tinged, especially towards apex: cilia whitish- ochreous, with whitish apical bar and patches of obscure grey speckling above and below this. Hindwings rather dark grey; cilia pale grey. Carr Coxony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; four specimens. Descriptions of South African Micro- Lepidoptera. 305 OCHETOXENA, n. g. Head shortly rough-haired on crown, face with appressed hairs ; ocelli small, posterior; tongue short, slender. Antennae } (?), in ¢ very shortly ciated, basal joint slender, without pecten. Labial palpi moderately long, obliquely ascending, slender, second joint shortly rough-scaled beneath, terminal joint shorter than second, tolerably pointed. Maxillary palpi very short, filiform, porrected. Posterior tibiae rough-scaled above. Forewings with 1b furcate, 2 from angle, 3—5 slightly approximated, 7 to termen, 8-10 from near end of cell, 11 from middle, secondary cell defined. Hindwings 1, trapezoidal-ovate, cilia }; 2 remote, 3 and 4 parallel, 3 from angle, 5 and 6 somewhat approximated towards base, 7 parallel. Apparently allied to Mesopherna. OCHETOXENA PHANERAULA, Nl. Sp. SQ. 23-24 mm. Head and palpi grey. Thorax brown, anteriorly suffused. with grey. Abdomen whitish-grey. Forewings elongate, moderate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, more pointed in ®, termen faintly sinuate, oblique; brown; costal edge fuscous, darker towards base; a moderately broad shining white median longitudinal streak from base to apex, narrowed at extremities: cilia whitish-grey. Hindwings pale grey; cilia whitish. Carre Conony, Zonder End Peak, 3600 ft., in January (Barnard) ; two specimens. IDIOTECHNA, n. g. Head with short loose rough hairs; ocelli posterior; tongue developed. Antennae 3, in ¢ minutely pubescent, basal joint moderately elongate, with pecten. Labial palpi moderate, porrected, slender, loosely sealed, terminal joint as long as second, tolerably pointed. Maxillary palpi several-jointed, folded, filiform. Posterior tibiae smooth. Forewings with 1b furcate, 2 from angle, 7 to termen, 8-10 rather approximated, 11 from before middle. Hindwings 1, trapezoidal-ovate, cilia 5; 2-7 separate, tolerably parallel, 2 widely remote, 3 from angle. Allied to preceding. IDIOTECHNA FURCIFERA, 0. Sp. ¢. 20mm. Head white. Palpi white, with a grey lateral line. Thorax white, outer edge of patagia light bronze. Abdomen dark 306 Annals of the South African Museum. erey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen slightly rounded, rather strongly oblique; shining bronze; markings snow-white; a costal streak from near base to #, attenuated posteriorly, costal edge dark fuscous anteriorly ; a slender dorsal streak from base to near tornus ; a moderately broad streak from middle of base above fold to tornus ; a moderately broad streak from middle of disc to apex, with a slender branch from middle of its upper edge running to costa near apex : cilia grey, basal half white. Hindwings and cilia grey. Cape Conony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot) ; one specimen. Gren. LATYPICA Meyr. LATYPICA CRISPA, 0. Sp. gd. 14 mm. Head and palpi white. Thorax white, with a few fuscous scales towards anterior margin. Abdomen whitish. Fore- wings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse- pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; white, with scattered brownish- ochreous scales, especially posteriorly, margins sometimes strigulated with brown and black scales; markings ochreous or brownish, edged laterally with black strigulae; a small spot on costa near base ; subquadrate spots on costa at 4, middle, and 3; more or less developed spots towards + and middle of dorsum; first discal stigma blackish edged anteriorly with brownish or ochreous suffusion, second repre- sented by a blackish transverse mark followed by brownish or ochreous suffusion; three small spots on costa posteriorly; a submarginal streak along termen: cilia whitish, with two dark fuscous lines. Hindwings pale grey or whitish-grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish. Natat, Durban (Marley); Care Conony, Gt. Winthoek, 4000 ft. ; two specimens. Gen. ZELOMORA Meyr. ZELOMORA PHLYCTIDOTA, h. Sp. Q. 12 mm. Head and thorax white, shoulders fuscous. Palpi white, terminal joint longer than second. Abdomen whitish-grey, with large anal tuft of long hairs. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded ; 7 to termen; white; markings pale violet-fuscous, their margins suffusedly irrorated with black ; blotches on costa and dorsum near base; a blotch on costa somewhat Descriptions of South African Micro-Lepidoptera. 307 before middle, reaching half across wing, and on dorsum beyond middle opposite to it; an irregular transverse spot from tornus; a blotch suffusedly irrorated with black on costa towards apex; some fuscous black-tipped scales on costa before apex and on termen towards middle: cilia white, somewhat mixed with fuscous on termen. Hind- wings whitish-grey ; cilia white. Carre Cotony, Steenbrass (Barnard); one specimen. Gen. PICROSPORA Meyr. PICROSPORA LITHACOPA, 0. Sp. ¢. 13 mm. Head white. Palpi fuscous, white above. Thorax whitish-fuscous. Abdomen grey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings elon- gate, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen faintly sinuate, rather strongly oblique ; fuscous, with some scattered whitish scales, towards termen with some whitish suffusion ; plical and second discal stigmata very small, blackish: cilia whitish. Hindwings grey; cilia whitish- erey. Care Cotony, Somerset West Mts., 4000 ft. (Barnard); two specimens. Very similar to the allied Acorostoma medicata, but easily separated by the quite different palpi. Gren. MALLOBATHRA Meyr. MALLOBATHRA ZOPHAULA, 0. Sp. 6. 8mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen dark grey. Palpi whitish. Antennae 3, joints closely set, pubescent. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded; dark purplish suffusedly mixed with grey and dark grey: cilia grey. Hindwings grey ; cilia light grey. Cape Cotony, Table Mountain, 2500 ft., in January (Barnard) ; two specimens. ENCELIDOTIS, n. g. Head loosely rough-haired ; ocelli small, posterior; tongue well developed. Antennae 4, in ¢ shortly ciliated, basal joint moderate, with tuft or pecten of scales anteriorly. Labial palpi moderately long, slender, porrected, loosely scaled throughout, second joint with two or three apical bristles, terminal joint as long as second, hardly pointed. Maxillary palpi absent. Posterior tibiae thinly haired above. Fore- 308 Annals of the South African Museum. wings with 2 from angle, 7 to costa, 11 from before middle. Hindwings 1, elongate-ovate, thinly clothed with long scales, cilia 1; 2-7 tolerably parallel. ENCELIDOTIS OCHROPHRAGMA, Nl. Sp. $2. 13-14mm. Head white, centre of crown mixed with fuscous, lower part of face dark fuscous. Palpi dark grey, more or less mixed with white. Thorax white, shoulders fuscous. Abdomen pale grey. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex tolerably pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; white, irregularly strewn with small brownish-ochreous dots or irregularly mixed with scales ; an irregular brownish-ochreous spot in dise before middle; a rather narrow brownish-ochreous transverse fascia at about 2: cilia white. Hindwings pale grey ; cilia whitish. CarE Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; four specimens. Gren. BARBAROSCARDIA Wals. BARBAROSCARDIA METACLINA, D. sp. S$. 11 mm. Head whitish. Palpi dark fuscous, hair-scales and apex whitish. Thorax whitish mixed with light ochreous, shoulders suffused with dark fuscous. Abdomen dark grey, scales of segmental margins whitish-grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex tolerably pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ; whitish irregu- larly mixed with pale ochreous; markings grey mixed with black; a spot on costa almost at base; a narrow irregular transverse fascia at 2; a narrow rather oblique fascia beyond middle, tending to be interrupted above and below middle; a triangular blotch on costa at +, and sometimes a small spot on middle of termen beneath it : cilia whitish, obscurely spotted with pale ochreous sprinkled with erey. Hindwings light grey ; cilia ochreous-whitish. Carr Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; two specimens. Gen. NARYCIA Steph. NARYCIA ISOXANTHA, N. sp. S$. 13 mm. Head, palpi, antennae, and thorax light ochreous- yellow. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded; lght ochreous-yellow : cilia concolorous. Hindwings grey ; cilia whitish-grey. 8.W. Protectorate, Grootfontein, in December (Lightfoot) ; four specimens. Descriptions of South African Micro- Lepidoptera. 309 Gen. CTENOCOMPA Meyr. CTENOCOMPA ZASCIA, 0. Sp. d. 16-17 mm. Head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen dark grey. Antennal pectinations 5. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen rounded, oblique; 8 and 9 stalked or usually coincident ; dark grey, basal area slightly sprinkled with blackish and whitish; a shehtly incurved median fascia of dark fuscous irroration, preceded by a narrower fascia of whitish irroration ; area beyond this suffusedly irrorated with whitish towards margins and slightly in disc, with a dark fuscous transverse spot on costa at 2, and a smaller one beyond it: cilia grey, base mixed with whitish. Hindwings dark grey; cilia grey or grey-whitish. CapE Cotony, Gt. Winthoek, 4500 ft.; three specimens. The genus Ctenocompa includes and supersedes Struthisca. Gen. MELASINA Htb. MELASINA CYLINDRAULA, 0. Sp. go. 2425 mm. Head and thorax grey-whitish. Palpi short,. slender, grey. Antennae slender, pectinations 4. Abdomen whitish- erey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly rather dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, rather strongly oblique ; 7 to termen; fuscous-grey, more or less suffusedly irrorated with whitish; veins posteriorly more or less marked with fine indistinct darker fuscous lines: cilia light fuscous suffused with whitish. Huind- wings light grey; cilia grey-whitish. Care Contony, Matroosberg, 3500 ft., in November (Lightfoot); two specimens, bred from cylindrical cases about 20 mm. x 5 mm., formed of a single series of longitudinally placed segments, in one case of hollow grass-stems, in the other (I think) stems of Juncus, with irregular ends. MELASINA MARMARODES, 0. sp. Q. 17-18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax white, slightly sprinkled with grey, palpi short. Abdomen pale grey, anal tuft grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen faintly sinuate, oblique; light grey irregularly mixed and suffused with white, with irregularly scattered blackish scales; the white suffusion indicates an irregular longitudinal median streak on posterior half of wing, partly edged with black scales: cilia white, with obscurely indicated greyish median shade. Hindwings pale grey ; cilia whitish-grey or whitish. 310 Annals of the South African Museum. Cape Cotony, Knysna, bred in October (Péringuey); two specimens. Larva in stout cylindrical cases, one of these composed of twigs as long as the case, arranged longitudinally, the other of miscellaneous fragments arranged promiscuously. Pupa with two basal segments of abdomen fixed, each segment with a transverse dorsal series of very short numerous spines near basal margin. eh ty Wa 4 ; Ve Ve 5 youLt pins . : , ta he d ry ‘ PF ts he 1 i : i, 1 ‘ bh zs ‘ | iy j : i 1S i vp ihe : 150 i i #* , MER Flies ay | eee beet ees bes - ay VY ‘ : 7 , | = f eae - 7 aN ‘ £ i ae ATUL | c eae a nos _ ‘ ar b : ( ‘» ‘e t p- oF] i ‘ - : oe tou) ea! | amen Ar ye hae 1 ii is ee y ( 499 ) 14.—New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa (Ephemerida, Megaloptera and Embiidina).—By T. Espen- PETERSEN. KPHEMERIDA. Gren. ATALOPHLEBIA, Fat. ATALOPHLEBIA PELLUCIDULA n. sp. (Figs. 1 and 2.) 3. Imago. Head and eyes blackish. Thorax castaneous with a longitudinal median streak behind and with yellowish streaks on the Fie. 1—Atalophlebia pellucidula, g. Forewing. sides. Abdomen whitish, pellucid; the segments with narrow blackish hind borders ; sixth segment also with some small dark brown spots near the front margin; seventh segment with two larger brown spots near the front margin, each enclosing a whitish spot; in the eighth segment the front half is dark brown with two very small whitish spots close to the front margin; ninth segment almost com- plete dark brown above. Venter whitish; the terminal segment somewhat brownish and reddish yellow at apex. Forceps greyish white. Setae pale yellowish brown and brownish annulated. Legs pale yellowish brown. . Femora with a narrow and indistinct brownish band at base, a broad blackish one in the middle and at the tip. Length of tarsal joint of intermediate and hind tibiae as in Af. tabularis (Eaton, Monogr. Rec. Eph., pl. x, fig. 16h). 39 500 Annals of the South African Museum. Wings hyaline with a faint yellowish tinge, especially in the ptero- stigmatical area. Nervature blackish brown. In the forewing 6-8 cross-veins from base to the bulla ; between the bulla and the ptero- stigma 4-5 cross-veins. The penis of the male is not cleft at the tip (as far as I can see). 2. Subimago. Body almost coloured as in the imaginal stage, but of a more dull appearance. Femora also dark-banded. Wings with blackish-brown nervures. ¢. Length of forewing 18 mm., that of setae 29mm.; ? Length of forewing 14 mm. Fig. 2.—Atalophlebia pellucidula, 3. Forceps and penis, seen from below. Three male specimens (imagines) and one female specimen (sub- imago) at Gt. Winterhoek (Tulbagh leg.), 4800 ft., 1916. Six well- defined cross-veins and in the pterostigmatic area about thirteen strongly curved and anastomosed. Length of body and forceps 13 mm.; forewing 12 mm.; setae 17 mm. Three male specimens, Ceres, Cape, April, 1913 (Lightfoot leg.). ATALOPHLEBIA TABULARIS, Eat. (Figs. 3 and 4.) Atalophlebia tabularis, Eaton, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., p. 91, pl. x, 16 h, 1888, With some hesitation I refer three specimens to this species, the description of which was made from a single specimen (¢), kept in aleohol. The specimens before me are much darker, probably due to New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa. 501 the fact that they are in a dried condition. I give below a description of the specimens. Head and upper part of eyes black, lower part of eyes black brown. Thorax above shining, jet black, below and on the sides black. Abdo- men dorsally dark pitchy brown with paler irregular spots; the three terminal segments above darker and without pale spots. The venter pale brown, darker at the apex. Forceps pitchy brown. Setae pale brown. Legs dark brown; femora black at the knees. Wings hyaline with a faint yellowish tinge, which is very strong in the pterostigmatic area and at the base of costa, subcosta and radius in the forewing. The nervature dark brown. In the costal area of forewing are present ten weak cross-veins before the bulla, between the bulla and the pterostigma. aA Frias. 3 and 4.—Atalophlebia tabularis, g. a, Analappendages of male, seen from below; b, anal part of forewing. Gen. TRICHORYTHUS, Eat. TRICHORYTHUS, Sp. One female—specimen (subimago) collected at Smithfield, Orange Free State, 1909 (Kannemeyer leg.). The specimen cannot be referred to discolor, Burm., and hardly to varicauda, Koll., from Upper Egypt. I give a short description of the specimen. Head and eyes black; head pale behind the eyes. Thorax greyish brown with black spot along the front and the lateral margins. Abdomen above blackish grey with pale annulations. Thorax and abdomen below yellowish white. Setae white. Middle and hind- legs yellowish white (fore legs lost). Wings lacteus. Costa and especially subcosta and radius dark grey. Length of body 5°5 mm.; of wing 10 mm. Egg mass yellowish brown. 502 Annals of the South African Museum. Gen. CLOEON, Leach. CLOEON AFRICANUM, Hsb.-Peters. Esben-Petersen, Ann. South Afr. Mus., vol. x, p. 184, 1913. One male, Kimberley, 1912 (Power leg.), and one female, Ceres, April, 1913 (Lightfoot leg.). I refer the female to this species. It is smaller than the male; the thorax is brown with a paler longitudinal median streak. The dark annulations at the setal joints are broader than in the male. MEGALOPTERA. SIULIDAE. LEPTOSIALIS, n. gen. No ocelli (three very small tubercles are visible in front of the head). Antennae rather pilose. Labrum four times broader than long, with rounded lateral margins and with slightly emarginated front margin. Prothorax twice as broad as long. Wings long and rather narrow. The neuration is not so distinct as in Sialis. The costal area of fore- wing is slightly broadened and only in the basal third part. The cross-veins in the costal area are obliquely directed towards the sub- costa. The subcostal area without cross-veins. The radial area with four cross-veins in the forewing, three in the hindwing. The first branch from Rs not forked. In the forewing M fuses with Cw’ for a short distance, and it forks one third out from base of wing; in the hindwing it forks two thirds out from base. Cu and 2A fork im both pair of wings near base. Fourth tarsal joint bilobed. Genotype: Leptosialis africana, n. sp. (Fig. 5.) This interesting genus, only known from South Africa, is nearer allied to the American genus Protosialis than to the palaearctic-nearctic genus Stalis, but its broad labrum and its elongated wings offer good and distinct generic characters. It is the first genus of the Sialinae found in Africa. LEPTOSIALIS AFRICANA, 0. Sp. Head, thorax and abdomen black. Lateral margins of labrum greyish yellow. Head with small tubercles and several longitudinal striae, but without smooth spots or markings as in the species of Stalis. Legs yellowish brown; hind femora a little darker in their middle. Third, fourth and fifth tarsal joint almost dark brown. Membrane of wings sooty brown; the proximal half part darker than New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa. 503 the distal part. Nervature darker than the membrane. The basal cross-vein in the costal area vertical, directed towards the subcosta ; all the other cross-veins more or less obliquely directed. The four cross- veins in the radial very dark and conspicuous; the other cross-veins mostly darker than the longitudinal nervures. Length of body 8 mm., of forewing 12 mm., of hindwing 10°5 mm. One male specimen, Gt. Winterhoek Mountain at an altitude of 4300 ft., November, 1916, Tulbagh, Cape. Fie. 5.—Fore- and hindwing of Leptosialis africana. EMBIIDINA. Gun. HAPLOEMBIA. HAPLOEMBIA CAPENSIS n. sp. (Figs. 6 and 7.) ¢. Wingless. Head brownish black, somewhat narrowed behind, with almost straight lateral margins and rounded hind angles; it is about 1+ times as long as broad. Eyes rather small and inconspicuous. Clypeus and labrum yellowish brown in some specimens, dark brown with pale margins in others. Mandibles, except their tip, palpi and antennae, yellowish brown. Antennae 12—19-jointed ; the basal joint brownish black, robust, about twice as long as broad; the second joint much smaller than the first and as long as broad; the third joint as broad as the second, but as long as the first; the following joints longer than broad and increasing in length towards the apex of the antennae. The antennae with yellowish pilosity. Prothorax about half as broad as the head, brownish black, almost quadrangular, 504 Annals of the South African Museum. with slightly rounded front angles and emarginate lateral margins. A somewhat curved transverse furrow one fourth from the front. margin. An inconspicuous longitudinal median furrow from the Fie. 6.—Haploembia capensis, . Anal appendages, dorsal view. transverse furrow to the hind margin. Meso- and metathorax and abdomen blackish brown; abdomen in some specimens a little paler. Cerci yellowish brown. Legs brown; intermediate and hind tarsi Fie. 7.—Haploembia capensis, 6. Hind tarsus. yellowish. Basal joint of hind tarsi with two cupules on the under- side. Body and legs with short yellowish pilosity. 2. Wingless, robust. Head only a little longer than broad, with strongly rounded lateral margins and hind angles. Eyes inconspic- uous. Clypeus dark brown with narrow blackish front margin. New Species of Neuropterous Insects from South Africa. 505 Labrum pale. Antennae pale yellowish brown, 28 (?)-jointed. The first antennal joint robust, twice as long as broad ; second joint much smaller, and as long as broad; third joint about twice as long as broad ; fourth as long as broad; the following joints longer than broad, increasing in length towards the tip of the antennae. Pro- thorax about as long as broad, narrowed in front ; one third from the front margin a transverse furrow and on the dise a fine impressed longitudinal median line. Head, thorax and abdomen dark brown; prothorax a little paler. Cerci yellowish brown. Legs brown; joints and tarsi paler. Hind tarsi with two cupules on the underside. Body and legs with short yellowish pilosity. Length of body: g 10-11 mm.; 9? 17 mm. 63 5,19, Dunbrody, Cape (Rev. J. O'Neil leg.).; 1 ¢, Dunbrody (Rev. J. Vogt leg.). All the material kept in alcohol. INDEX. PAGE PAGE africana (Leptosialis) . : . 502 | HapLlorMBia : : ; . 508 africanum (Cloéon) — . : . 502 | LEprosIALis . : ; : . 502 ATALOPHLEBIA . : : . 499 | MrGsLopTERA : : . 502 capensis (Haploembia). : . 508 | pellucidula (Atalophlebia) . . 499 CLOEON : : ‘ ; . 502 | tabularis (Atalophlebia) : . 500 EMBIIDINA . : F . 503 | TRICHORYTHUS : . 501 EPHEM ERIDA : : : . 499 (507 ) 15.—South African Neuroptera. I.—By P. Espen-Petersen, Silke- borg, Denmark. Tue following descriptions and notes are based on material belonging to the South African Museum, Cape Town, and I take herewith the liberty to express to the Director, Dr. L. Péringuey, my best thanks for his kind permission to work out the material belonging to that institution. Unfortunately descriptions and notes concerning the Neuropterous fauna of South Africa are scattered in a large number of periodicals and treatises, but I hope to succeed in giving complete lists of the fauna. Many of the species described from South Africa are certainly synonymous with species described previously. Unfortunately I have also made mistakes, but when such mistakes too often take place I think it is mostly due to the fact that many species are described on one specimen only differing from the typical form. In the Chrysopidae it is quite inadmissible to describe a new species on a single specimen, unless the specimen possesses characters so distinct as to enable one to separate the species from already known ones. Brownish, reddish or greyish markings on head, thorax and abdomen of the Chrysopidae are not at all characters to rely upon. Such markings are often produced by the drying of the insect. Likewise the colour of the nervures in the wings is very often dependent on the more or less complete maturity of the insect. The number of cross-veins in the graduated series is also, as a rule, a very poor and unreliable character. OSMYLIDAE. Gen. RHIPIDOSMYLUS. RHIPIDOSMYLUS INTERLINEATUS. Osmylus interlineatus, MacLachlan, Ent. Monthly Mag. vol. vi, p. 199, 1869 (Natal ?). Rhipidosmylus interlineatus, Kriiger, Stett. entom. Zeit. p. 25, 1913; ibid. p. 74, 1914. One fine specimen (?) of this interesting species from M’fongosi, Zululand, May, 1891 (W. E. Jones leg.). The specimen agrees very 40 508 Annals of the South African Museum. well with the description given by MacLachlan except with regard to the five pairs of dark streaks on the Sc and R in the hindwing ; these streaks are very inconspicuous. The fuscous, rounded and raised spot on the hind margin of the forewing very distinct. It seems to be a very scarce insect. Another ? example from Durban, Natal (G. Leigh). HEMEROBIIDAE. Gey. HEMEROBIUS, Lin. HEMEROBIUS ERRANS. Navas, Voyage Alluaud et Jeannel en Afrique Orientale, Insectes Neévroptéres, p. 31, 1914 (Brit. East Afr.). One specimen, Cape Town; two specimens, Smithfield, Orange Free State (Kannemeyer leg.) ; one specimen (without label). The specimens agree very well with the description given by Navas. Gren. MICROMUS, Ramb. Micromvus TIMIDUS. Hagen, Peters Reise nach Mossambique, Insecten, p. 91, taf. v, fig. 1, 1862 (Mozambique). One specimen, Cape Town; one specimen, Stellenbosch, 1887 (Dr. L. Péringuey leg. ). Micromus CAPENSIS, n. sp. (Fig. 1.) Head yellowish to brownish yellow. Vertex with four large irregular brown spots. Palpi brownish yellow. Antennae brownish yellow. Thorax brownish yellow with large irregular brownish spots laterally. Abdomen brownish yellow with irregular dark markings. Legs yellowish; front and intermediate tibiae with a brownish spot a little above the middle externally and another brown spot near tip externally ; tip of tarsi pale brown. Wings with obtuse apex. Ptero- stigma brownish yellow in the forewing, somewhat darker in the hindwing. Longitudinal veins yellowish with short inconspicuous dark streaks. Costal area in the forewing rather narrow; the first 6—8 cross-veins simple and unforked ; the rest forked. A row of small brown spots along C. Four radial sectors; their origin blackish. Four cross-veins in inner gradate series and eight in outer series; one or two in the inner series sometimes blackish, and three or four in the outer series nearest tip of the wing, also blackish and narrowly South African Neuroptera. 509 shaded with brownish ; these shaded cross-veins form together with a dark spot at the apical end of the pterostigma a short, dark, irregular, abrupt streak. On the hind margin of the forewing small dark streaks. The membrane hyaline with inconspicuous greyish- brown shadows, but at the hind angle there is sometimes present a quite blackish-brown oblong spot, with all the veins enclosed in it blackish. This conspicuous spot is often broken up in smaller spots or is sometimes quite absent. The second cross-vein between M and Cu blackish and dark-shaded, From this dark spot a faintly brownish oblique streak is sometimes produced, following the three basal cross- veins in the inner gradate series and ending at the basal end of the pterostigma. Hindwing hyaline; all the veins yellowish except three Fia. 1.—Fore- and hindwing of Micromus capensis. or four of the cross-veins in the outer gradate series ; these cross-veins together with a streak at their junction with the longitudinal veins blackish brown. Length of forewing 7°5-8°5 mm.; of hindwing 6-7 mm. Two specimens, M’fongosi, Zululand, April, 1911 (W. E. Jones leg.) ; one specimen, Cape Col., S.W. Distr.; one specimen, Cape Town, March, 1891 ; one specimen, Cape Town, April, 1885 (Dr. L. Péringuey leg.); one specimen, Cape Town; one specimen, 1887 (Dr. L. Péringuey leg.). CHRYSOPIDAE. With regard to the terms here used concerning the nervation in the wings of the Chrysopidae I refer to my work, “ Results of Dr. E. 510 Annals of the South African Museum. Mjoberg’s Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia, 1910-1913: Neuroptera and Mecoptera,’ Arkiv for Zoologi, Bd. xi, 1918, Stockholm. Gen. NOTHOCHRYSA, MacLachl. NorHOCHRYSA NEURODES. Rambur, Hist. natur. Ins. Névropteres, p. 428, 1842 (Cape). Nothochrysa finoti, Navas, Memorias Real Academia, Barcelona, p- 405, 1908 (Natal). Four specimens, Kentani, Transkei, Cape, 1899 (Rey. Kolbe leg.) ; one specimen, Umzinkulu, Natal (Miss Stracham leg.) ; one specimen, Hex River, Cape (L. Peringuey leg.); one specimen, Transvaal ; one specimen, Ceres, Cape, December, 1912 (Lightfoot leg.). This species is easily recognised. Prothorax twice as broad as long, front angles truncate, a broad black streak at each side; this blackish streak encloses often one or two pale small spots. Meso- and meta- thorax also yellowish with blackish lateral margins. Abdomen in matured specimens orange-coloured with blackish pleurae. Wings rather broad and unmarked. Besides the specimens here mentioned I have seen two specimens from Cape Good Hope, December, 1817, in the Copenhagen Museum (ex Coll. Westermann), and one specimen in the Stockholm Museum (ex Coll. Paykull). NoTHOCHRYSA VARIEGATA. Chrysopa variegata Burmeister, Handbuch, p. 981, 1839 (Comoro Islands) ; Schneider, Symbolae, etc. p. 147, tab. 54, 1851. Chrysopa mozambica, Walker, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p- 199, 1860 (Mozambique). Chrysopa rufostigma, MacLachlan, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. p. 253, 1868 (Natal). Nothochrysa sordidata, Navas, Memorias Real Academia, Barcelona, p. 404, 1908 (Madagascar). Nothochrysa impar, Navas, Broteria, Serie Zoologia, p. 99, 1912 (Afr. merid.). Nothochrysa maculata, Esben-Petersen, Entom. Mitteil., Berlin, p. 270, 1912 (Bonnefoi, Transvaal). Nothochrysa zonata, Navas, Ann. Soc. scient. Brux. p. 324, 1914 (Abyssinia). One specimen, Salisbury, 8. Rhodesia (G. A. K. Marshall) ; one specimen, Burghersdorp, Cape, 1881 (Dr. Kannemeyer leg.). Schneider has seen Burmeister’s type-specimen and has redescribed South African Neuroptera. 511 and figured it in his Symbolae, ete. In Ent. Monthly Mag. p. 26, vol. vi, 1869, MacLachlan states that mozambica and rufostigma stand in svnonymy with variegata. In my own collection I possess two specimens from Eritrea (Gunnar Kristensen leg.), one specimen from Transvaal (cotype of maculata), and one specimen from Lorenzo Marques. My two specimens from Eritrea agree in every respect with the description of zonata. I have also seen one specimen in the Stockholm Museum from Caffraria (J. Wahlberg leg.). The species is liable to vary. Frons and vertex shining, smooth and sparsely punctate. The broad, yellowish prothorax has as a rule an irregular, purple-coloured spot towards each angle. The forewings have sometimes small brownish black spots in the basal and hind part. Pterostigma long and reddish, but very often much paler (I think this is due to the lesser degree of maturity). The wings are long and slender and with rather acute tip. In the forewing 21-25 costal cross-veins ; 12—15 cross-veins between R and Rs; 6—7 cross-veins between Rs and Psm ; 6-7 cross-veins between Psm and Pseu, and 12-14 branches from Psew to the hind margin, the 1-3 apical ones forked. The species is closely allied to N. aequalis, Walker, from India. NorHOCHRYSA PERINGUEYI, n. sp. (Fig. 2.) Face yellowish red. Vertex and thorax red. Palpi reddish. Frons and vertex rugose and coarsely punctate. | Antennae brownish black; the two basal joints yellowish red. Prothorax more than twice as broad as long, with rounded front angles, and with a deep curved transverse furrow one-third from base. The border of the hind margin narrowly yellow, and on the front part of the dise two triangular more or less distinct yellowish spots. Mesothorax red, with two yellowish spots near the front margin and sometimes with a yellowish transversely placed spot above the base of each wing. Metathorax red. Abdomen reddish above with yellowish spots apically, paler ventrally. Legs yellowish; femora with a broad dark band in the middle ; claws brown, rather broad basally. Wings with somewhat acute tip. Longitudinal veins yellowish. Base of Sc, of Cu, of Rs and of 1A in the forewing often darker. In the forewing all the cross-veims except a few ones in the apical part of the costal area blackish. The longitudinal veins with a black spot at the junction with the cross-veins. The following cross-veins are strongly blackish and narrowly shaded: cross-vein between the stem of Mand the fureation of Cu, cross-vein between M, 4 512 Annals of the South African Museum. and Cu,, apical cross-vein between Cu, and Cu,, cross-vein between 2A and 3A. The apical part of 24 and 384 is also blackish. At the hind margin of the wing between the apex of 14 and the tip of first branch from Pscw a blackish spot. In the hindwing all the cross-veins except a few ones in the basal part of the costal area and sometimes also a few ones in the outer gradate series yellowish. At the junction of the cross-veins with the longitudinal veins often a minute blackish spot. Pterostigma long, greyish yellow. In the forewing 19-24 costal cross-veins; 12-15 cross-veins between R and Rs; 5-6 cross-veins between Rs and Psm ; 5—6 cross-veins between Psm and Pseu ; 10-12 branches from Psecu to the hind margin, | or 2 of the apical ones forked. In the hindwing 19-20 cross-veins in the costal area ; 12-15 cross-veins between Rand Rs; 4-5 cross-veins between Rs and Psm ; ‘7-8 cross- CH 6 Hic. 2.—Claw of foretarsus. «a. Nothochrysa variegata. b. Nothochrysa péringueyi. veins between Psm and Pscu ; 11-12 branches from Pseu to the hind margin, the 2-3 apical ones forked. Series of gradate cross-veins in 10 9 the forewing = in the hindwing =. Length of forewing 19-21 mm., of hindwing 17-19 mm. One specimen, Dunbrody (J. O'Neil); one specimen, Springbok- fontein, 1873; one specimen, Calvinia Dist., 1892—all three localities in the Cape Province. The species has much likeness to variegata, but the rugose frons and vertex, the markings of the prothorax, the difference in the nervature of the wings and the shape of claws separate it easily from that species. I name the species after Dr. L. Péringuey, who has done so much in investigating the insect fauna of South Africa. One species is still known from South Africa, viz. Nothochrysa gigantea, MacLachlan, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond., p. 252, 1867 (Natal). I do not know the species; but its prothorax is scarcely as long as South African Neuroptera. 5138 broad, pale olivaceous grey, the anterior angles slightly reddish, and it has two short black lines on each side. I suppose that gigantea is more closely allied to neurodes than to the two other species. Gren. ANKYLOPTERYX. ANKYLOPTERYX VENUSTA. Chrysopa venusta, Hagen, Peters Reise nach Mossambique, Insecta, p. 90, 1862 (Mozambique). One specimen, Durban, Natal (T. Innes), and one specimen, Durban, April, 1915 (Bell Marley leg.). The last-mentioned specimen is some- what immature. ANKYLOPTERYX POLYSTICTA. Navas, Broteria, Serie Zoologica, p. 48, fig. 6, 1910 (Zambéze). One specimen, Barberton, Transvaal (Miss Edwards leg.). Gen. CHRYSOPA, Leach. CHRYSOPA VULGARIS. Schneider, Symbolae, etc., p. 68, pl. vi, 1851. Of this species a somewhat large number was sent me. Seven specimens, Kimberley, Cape, 1912 (Bro. Power leg.); five specimens, Smithfield, Orange Free State (Kannemeyer leg.) , three specimens, Clanwilliam, Cape ; two specimens, Salisbury, 8. Rhodesia; one specimen, Dunbrody, Cape; one specimen, Maseru, Basutoland ; nine specimens, George, Cape; one specimen, Durban, Natal; one specimen, Bushmanland, Cape (Lightfoot leg.) ; one specimen, Prieska, Cape (Purcell leg.) ; ten specimens without locality. The South African specimens differ in some points from the European ones. The reddish or brownish-red streak on each cheek and on each side of the clypeus are often wanting, and when they are present they are not so distinct. The veins and the body are not so closely haired. The European specimens form a rather homogeneous unity, and they vary only in a small degree. Some specimens are more or less reddish suffused on the face, some others possess faintly brown lateral margins on the prothorax, or possess a dark indication on the costal cross-veins at their junction with Sc; but in the African specimens we meet - with two rather different forms—the usual broad-winged European form with the rounded apex of the wings, and the narrow-winged form with the rather acute tip of the wings and as a rule with more lanceolate basal median cell in the forewing. Navas has described 514 Annals of the South African Museum. this narrow-winged African form under the names bequaerti (Revue Zoologique Africaine, p. 409, 1912) from Belgian Congo, and pudica (Ann. Soe. scient. Brux., p. 82, 1914) from Transvaal. In my collec- tion are twenty-four specimens (4) of the narrow-winged form from Abyssinia and one ¢ from Madagascar, and amongst the materials here dealt with several specimens (¢) are also present. At present I am not able to arrive at any definite conclusion, whether we have to do with a distinct species or only a geographical form. I have prepared for the microscope preparations of the appendages of the male of both forms, but it seems to me that the differences, if any, are very small. Probably a close examination of the female (which is not present amongst the narrow-winged specimens before me) may decide the question. There is another African species, Chrysopa congrua, Walker (Cat. Neur. Ins. Brit. Mus., p.238, 1853— West Africa, Congo, Central Sahara), belonging to the group in which the first cross-vein from Rs in the forewing joins M outside the basal median cell; but this species is easily distinguished by its dark brown antennae. CHRYSOPA JEANNELI. Navas, Vovage de Ch. Alluaud et R. Jeanne! en Afrique Orientale, Insectes Névropteres, p. 36, 1914 (Brit. East Africa). Chrysopa andresi, Navas, Memorias Real Academia, Barcelona, p. 394, 1915 (Egypt). Two specimens, Cape Town (L. Péringuey leg.) ; one specimen, Smith- field, Orange Free State (Kannemeyer leg.) ; one specimen, Klerksdorp, Transvaal (E. G. Alston leg.). The four specimens differ in some degree, but it is easy to see that they all belong to the same species. Face more or less suffused with reddish or pale reddish brown. A black spot on each gena. Palpi dark brown to blackish. No spot between the antennae. Vertex raised, reddish brown ; along the front border of the elevation a blackish A-formed streak in the two specimens. Antennae pale brown and dark banded ; second joint almost totally black. Prothorax reddish brown (with irregular blackish markings), broader than long, and with truncate front angles. Meso- and metathorax with broad pale greyish longitudinal median band and a broad blackish lateral streak. Abdomen reddish brown with pale pleurae. The body dark brown haired. Legs greyish yellow; intermediate and hind femora with a broad brown band before the apex; tip of tibiae brown. Longitudinal veins mostly pale in the basal half part of the wings; but the basal South African Neuroptera. ; 515 fourth part of Sc in the forewing strongly blackish, and all the other longitudinal veins with a long dark brown streak at the Junction with the cross-veins. All the cross-veins and the most of the longitudinal veins in the apical half part dark brown. Pterostigma pale greyish brown, somewhat darker at its basal end. The hexagonal cell in the forewing, touching the hind margin and lying just at the tip of Cus, often totally brownish suffused; sometimes there are present only a brownish spot at the tip of Cv, and a smaller one, where the second cross- vein between Cu, and Cu, touches C,. In one specimen there are also traces of small spots where the first branch from Cyv,, tip of 1A, 24 and 3A join the hind border. In the forewing 17-18 cross-veins in the costal area; 9 cross-veins in the radial area; 4 cross-veins between Rs and Psm; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pseu. The basal median cell lanceolate, and the first cross-vein from Rs joins M, within the cell. In the hindwing 14-16 cross-veins in the costal area ; 8-9 cross-veins in the radial area; 3 cross-veins between Rs and Psm. Gradate veins ay ae . . hal Pe . . . a—9 ro . in the forewing 4g the hindwing 3 5° Veins scarcely blackish haired. Length of forewing 10°5 mm; of hindwing 8-9 mm. The species is easily separated from all other African species known to me by the blackish basal part of Se and by the brownish spot or spots at the hind margin of the forewing. CHRYSOPA CHLORIS. Schneider, Symbolae, ete., p. 95, pl. 26, 1851. One specimen, Stellenbosh, 1888, Cape (L. Péringuey leg.) ; two specimens, M’fongosi, Zululand, October, 1911 (W. E. Jones leg.) ; one specimen, Carnarvon, Cape, 1896 (E.G. Alston); one specimen, Potchef- stroom, Transvaal (T. Ayres leg.) ; one specimen, Smithfield, Orange Free State (Kannemeyer leg.). I refer these six specimens to the species of Schneider, although only one specimen exactly agrees with the description. The four specimens have a bloody streak on each gena, on each side of the clypeus, on the vertex close to the margin of the eyes and along the exterior side of the basal antennal joint. These four specimens seem to be somewhat immature. The sixth species is a rather old one, and the head seems to be immaculate. With regard to the shape and to the nervature of the wings they agree in every respect with the species of Schneider. Chrysopa sansibarica, Kolbe, Neuropteren Deutsch Ost Afrika, p. 35, 516 ; Annals of the South African Museum. 1897 (Sansibar), Chrysopa inopina, Navas, Ann. Soc. scient. Brux., p. 83, 1914 (Natal), Chrysopa marchionissa, Navas, Memorie Pontif. Accad. Romana, p. 29, 1915 (Lorenzo Marquesa) are closely allied to C. chloris and probably the same, but I do not know them. CHRYSOPA KANNEMEYERI, 0. Sp. Head, thorax and abdomen yellowish green. A distinct black spot on each gena just below the antennae; another oblong black spot between the antennae. Palpi blackish brown with paler annulations at the joints. Antennae hardly as long as the forewing, pale brown, darker towards the tip; basal joint stout and yellowish green. Pro- thorax somewhat broader than long, with rounded front angles and with short blackish brown hairs towards and along the lateral margins. Legs yellowish green; tarsi faintly brownish; claws brown, only slightly widened basally and with a weak tooth internally. Wings with rounded tip. Pterostigma green, rather conspicuous. All the nervures greenish and blackish-haired. The cross-veins in the middle part of the costal area in the forewing seem to be faintly brownish in the three specimens present. In the forewing 20 costal cross-veins ; 10-12 cross-veins between Rand Rs; 5 cross-veins between Rs and Psm ; the first of those join M, within the basal median cell; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pscz. From Psew 9 or 10 branches to the hind margin, the 2 or 3 apical ones forked. In the hindwing 16-18 cross-veins in the costal area ; 9 cross-veins between R and Rs; 4 cross-veins between Rs and Psm; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pscu ; 9 branches from Pseu to the hind margin, the 2 or 3 apical ones forked. Series of gradate = in the hindwing a Length of forewing 12 mm.; that of hindwing 10 mm. Four specimens from Smithfield, Orange Free State (Kannemeyer hem. veins in the forewing I take the liberty to name the species after the collector. CHRYSOPA VENOSELLA, n. sp. (Fig. 3.) Head yellowish. A broad transverse brownish red a-shaped band below the antennae; a blackish streak on each gena and at each side of the clypeus. Vertex with a cordiform brownish red elevation, the front border of which is deeply blood-coloured ; the dise of the eleva- tion in front with a yellowish median longitudinal streak. Vertex at each side with a bloody narrow streak between the elevation and the eyes. Palpibrownish. Antennae as long as the forewing, dark brown South African Neuroptera. 517 with pale annulations at the joints. Basal joint brownish red above, yellowish below. Prothorax broader than long, front angles rounded, dise yellowish with irregular brownish red markings and dark hairs. Meso- and metathorax with blackish brown spots. Abdomen reddish brown dorsally, yellowish ventrally. Legs yellowish ; femora with a reddish brown streak near their apex dorsally ; tibiae with a reddish brown band near base and another close to their apex; tarsi pale brownish ; claws brown and slightly widened basally. Wings broad and with rounded apex. A brown spot close to the base of C in both pairs of the wings. Nervature yellowish. Pterostigma yellowish green and rather conspicuous. The longitudinal veins with brownish black streaks at the junction with the cross-veins. Rs blackish at its origin. Fig. 3.—Fore- and hindwing of Chrysopa venosella. All the cross-veins and all the veins along the hind and apical margin brownish black at their ends. In the forewing the cross-veins and the marginal veins are mostly blackish brown, and only a narrow band in their middle part is yellowish. The following cross-veins in the fore- wing are totally blackish: the three basal cross-veins between Rs and Psm ; the cross-vein from the fureation of M to Cu ; the two cross-veins between Cu, and Cu, (the apical one is also strongly brownish shaded at its lower end), and all the cross-veins in the gradate series ; in the inner series they are also narrowly brownish shaded. In the forewing 18-21 costal cross-veins ; 9 cross-veins between FR and Rs ; 3 cross-veins between Rs and Psm; the basal cross-vein joins M within the basal median cell; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pscu; 10 branches from Pscu to the hind margin (the two apical ones are forked). In the 518 Annals of the South African Museum. hindwing 17-18 costal cross-veins ; 8-9 cross-veins between Rand Rs ; 3 cross-veins between Rs and Psm; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pseu; 9 branches from Psew to the hind margin of the wings; the two apical ones forked. Series of gradate veins in the forewing 4-5 hse ate 2d “sin the hindwing ares Length of forewing 12-13 mm., that of hindwing 10-11 mm. Two specimens from Johannesburg, Transvaal, January, 1912 (H. Feltham leg.). It is a very interesting species, which is nearly allied to the European species venosa, Rbr. GLENOCHRYSA, n. g. Most of discal cells and several cells along the hind margin of the forewing with hyaline metallic shining pustules, which are easily observed when the wings are held in a certain direction against the light. Pterostigmatical area, especially in the forewing, as a rule with rather conspicuous cross-veins. Wings marked with spots. Several veins and cross-veins strongly shaded. The basal median cell in the forewing triangular. Genotype: Glenochrysa typica. This genus is a very interesting one with regard to the metallic shining eye-shaped pustules in the cells of the forewing ; in this respect its position is rather exceptional. The nervature of the wings is the same as in the genus Chrysopa, with the exception that the new genus possesses cross-veins in the pterostigmatical area. In this respect it is allied to the genus Cintameva Navas (Revue Russe d’Entom., p. 214, 1914). The strongly-marked wings also give a peculiar appearance to the genus. GLENOCHRYSA TYPICA, n. sp. (Fig. 4.) Face dark brown or blackish with a transverse pale band. Vertex greenish with a semilunar elevation, the dise of which bears traces of a longitudinal median dark streak posteriorly. Palpiblackish. Antennae as long as the forewing, yellowish, becoming a little darker towards apex ; basal joint with a broad black longitudinal streak exteriorly and interiorly ; second joint blackish. Prothorax broader than long and with truncate front angles. Pro- and mesothorax greenish with irregular blackish markings. Metathorax blackish. Abdomen greenish with blackish markings above, paler ventrally (colours of abdomen probably changed in drying). Legs yellowish white; front and intermediate tibiae with a blackish spot near base exteriorly and a blackish band South African Neuroptera. 519 about in the middle. Wings rather broad, somewhat pointed at apex (especially in the hindwings). Pterostigma yellowish brown in the forewing, somewhat darker and more conspicuous in the hindwing. The nervures greenish. The basal costal cross-vein in the forewing blackish and narrowly brownish shaded; 2nd to 4th or 5th costal cross-vein blackish at both ends; 5th to 8th or 6th to 10th totally blackish and broadly brownish shaded (the shadows form a longitudinal band); the rest of costal cross-veins in the forewing mostly totally blackish brown. Three branches at the tip of the wing strongly blackish and with a narrow brownish shade; the branches of the next eight forks alternately pale brown and shaded with pale brown. Origin of Rs blackish and surrounded by a large brownish black spot just Fia. 4.—Fore- and hindwing of Glenochrysa typica. below the brownish streak in the costal area. First and second cross- veins from Rs to M blackish. The two cross-veins between Cu, and Cu, blackish, and the second also broadly shaded with brownish. The tip of Cu,, 1A, 2A and 34 blackish and brownish-shaded. All the other cross-veins in the forewing greenish, and in the apical half part of the wing they are also broadly shaded with yellowish brown. In the hind- wing the basal costal cross-vein is green ; the other cross-veins coloured like those in the forewing. At the tip of the wing three or four branches blackish. All the cross-veins except two or three near the base of the wing are greenish. Below & two spots; the first touches the spot in the costal area and is very distinct and conspicuous; the second touches the pterostigma and is more suffused. Along the hind margin four spots, the first at the apex of Cu, and Cu,; the second spot 520 Annals of the South African Museum. between the second and the third branch from Psew ; the third between sixth to eighth branch from Pscew; and the fourth spot, which does not touch the hind margin, is laying opposite to the pterostigma. In the forewing 25-25 costal cross-veins ; 8 cross-veins between #& and Rs ; 4. cross-veins between Rs and Psm, the first of which joins M, within the basal median cell; 6 cross-veins between Psi and Pscw; 10 branches from Psew to the hind margin, the two or three apical ones forked. In the hindwing 14-17 costal cross-veins from base of the wing to the pterostigma ; 8 cross-veins between F and Rs; 4 cross-veims between Rs and Psm; 6 cross-veins between Psm and Pscu; 8 or 9 branches from Pscu to the hind margin, the apical ones forked. Series of gradate ee Uo =. . 1-2 cross-veins in the forewing 5 in the hindwing 45 Length of forewing 10-11 mm., of hindwing 9-9°5 mm. One specimen, Olekemeji, Ibadan, Nigeria (South African Museum), and one specimen, Dubangui-Chara-Tead, Bangui (my collection, ea Coll. le Moult, Paris). GLENOCHRYSA PRINCIPISSA. Cintameva principissa, Navas, Memorie Pontif. Accad. Romana, p- 27, fig. 22, 1915 (Lorenzo Marquesa). One specimen, Durban, January, 1915 (Marleiy leg.). Of this beautiful species Navas has given a good description and very good figures of the head and wings. The species is not so strongly marked on the wings as G. typica. Besides these two species, I know one more, Chrysopa splendida, Weele, Notes Leyden Museum, vol. xxxi, p. 72, 1909 (Insulinde), which shall be placed in the new genus. The last-named species is also described by Navas (Broteria, Serie Zoologica, p. 103, fig. 4, 1912) under the name Chrysopa faceta. His specimen is from Nicobar. South African Neuroptera. INDEX. PAGE andresi (Chrysopa) 514 mozambica (Nothochrysa) ANKYLOPTERYX 513 neurodes (Nothochrysa) capensis (Micromus) 508 | NoTHOCHRYSA chloris (Chrysopa) 515 | CHRYSOPA 513 | OSMYLIDAE CHRYSOPIDAE . 509 | | péringueyi (Nothochrysa) errans (Hemerobius) 508 polysticta (Ankylopteryx) principissa (Glenochrysa) finoti (Nothochrysa) 510 RHIPIDOSMYLUS GLENOCHRYSA 518 rufostigma (Nothochrysa) Pimnon ae ss | sordidata (Nothochrysa) HEMEROBIUS. 508 | impar (Nothochrysa) 510 SHARON (iene ma) interlineatus (Rhipidosmylus) . 507 | typica (Glenochrysa)) jeanneli (Chrysopa) 514 | variegata (Nothochrysa) venosella (Chrysopa) kannemeyeri (Chrysopa) —. . 516 | venusta (Ankylopteryx) vulgaris (Chrysopa) maculata (Nothochrysa) 510 Micromus 508 ' zonata (Notochrysa) 521 feo F Hm i ro ‘ ‘ * 4 ; i ft * , 16.—A New Genus of Chironomid (Diptera) from the Cape.—By J. J. Krerrer, D.Sc. HE two insects from the Cape which I described under the names of Paraclunio fuscipennis and P. minor, n. spp.,* must form a new senus—Trissoclunio. It will be placed among those in which the 5th tarsal joint is trilobate and without pulvilli, and the palpi bi-jointed as in the following table. 1. Wing rudimentary, without nervure; em- podium filiform and bearing on the ex- ternal side simple or bifurcate hairs ; no hair on the medial side ; claws simple in the ?, bifid in the ¢, the two rami equal ; antennae 6-articulate, scape obconical, not thickened ; joints 38-5 transverse (g 2?) . Psamathyomya, Deby. Wines normally developed, glabrous, with the neuration of Chironomus; empodium filiform, much ramified, i.e. emitting on both sides branches that are themselves divided into ramiseveral times bifurcate, 2. 2. Abdomen very strongly compressed, equal in height everywhere ; anal segment ver- tically truncate as far as the middle, thence obliquely as far as the base, where there are two cerei. Head with two carinae extending from the hind border to near the antennae, hardly convergent in front and nearing almost the edge of the eyes ; Ist palpal joint obliquely truncate at the distal end and nearly at right angle with the 2nd; antennal joints 2-5 transverse. 6th long, conical, bearing at the base a verticillate bunch of 5 or 6 hairs shorter than the thickness of the bunch, which is also the case for 2-5; tarsal joints 2-4 obeonieal, cordiform at the distal end which bears short and simple hairs inter- * «Ann. S. Afr. Mus.,’ x, 1914, p. 259. 41 524 Annals of the South African Museum. mixed with longer filaments, the third distal part of which is widened and ramose ; femora, except the anterior tibiae and metatarsi, with three longitudinal rows of spatulate, striate and almost de- pressed scales. T'arsal and hooks of the Q simple; g unknown . : 2 . Paraclunio, Kieff., 1911. 1. Abdomen depressed, head without longitu- dinal carinae; palpal joint not obliquely truncate, not at angle with 2; antennae (¢) 7-jointed, joint 2 long, 3-5 trans- verse; tarsal joints without filaments, ramose, 2 cylindrical, 38-4 sometimes weakly cordiform at end; legs without seales, 3. 3. Tarsal claws of ¢ bifid, the two rami equal in length, the medial pointed, the lateral obtuse with the apex widened and finely pectinate. Claws of the ? simple; in ¢ and 9 is visible at the base of the claws a hyaline, glabrous Jamina longer and wider than the claw, narrowed at base and then widened, triangular and sharp. Cape . : ; 5 : : c . Trissoclunio, n. g. Tarsal claws simple, ¢ 9, or simple in the 2 and bifid and unequal in the ¢; in the first case the medial ramus is very short, and in both the lateral ramus is widened and pectinate at apex, without hyaline triangular lamina, Hawai : : . Charadromya, Terry, 1913. In the genus T'elmatogeton, Schin., founded on T. sancti-Pauli, Schin., the antenne are 7-jointed (¢ 2), joint 2 obconical, 5-5 transverse, but there is no mention of the 5th tarsal joint being trilobate; besides, the palpi are 4-jointed, the forehead grooved, the alar neuration differs from that of Chironomus, the tarsal claws are simple, the pulvilli small but very distinct, the empodium large, fillmg the whole interval between the claws, and is ciliate in front. The insect described by Coquillet under the name of T'elmatogeton alaskensis differs from all those mentioned above by the antennal joints 2-6 sub-cylindrical, the 7th only a little longer than the others. It is not said that the 5th joint is trilobate; the pulvilli and the empodium must be as in Zelmatogeton. Claws of 3 bifid, of the 9 unknown. A New Genus of Chironomid (Diptera) from the Cape. The type of the genus T'rissoclunio is T. fuscipennis. 525 The tarsal claws are yellow in the proximal and black in the distal part ; each bears, in addition to the proximal half, three thick ramose setae disposed lengthways. The three tarsal lobes are finely and very briefly pubescent ; dorsally they bear also thick brown setae. Wing lobate, almost at right angle, and having also a small rounded lobe at the end of the base; cubital nervure at least twice as long as the radial ; transverse nervure large and oblique. Mesonotum sometimes black with the scapular spot reddish, sometimes pruinose grey, with a trace of three nearly confluent black bands. INDEX. PAGE CHARADROMYA . : F . o24 PSAMATHYOMYA PARACLUNIO ; : : . 524 | TRISSOCLUNIO PAGE 52¢ 524 (527 ) 17.—New NSwyecies of S. African Tabanidae (Dintera).—By GERTRUDE 1 ) . } Ricarpo. METOPONAPLOS, gen. nov. ? Supplementa Entomologica, 1914. THis genus and a species were included by me in a paper on species of Tabanidae sent me by Herr Schlenkling from the German Entomo- logical Museum in Berlin. The proofs were sent to me for correction and returned, but the outbreak of war put an end to further communications. The remarks on this genus are copied and inserted as follows : Formed for a species named by Walker Pangonia parva, with which Pangonia directa appears to be identical. It differs from the species of Pangoma in the antennae, which have only five divisions on the third joint ; it therefore belongs to the second division of Pangoninae, comprising Silvius, Chrysops, ete. Ocelli and spines on hind tibiae are present. Antennae with the first two joints short, the third broad at base, the last four divisions very small. Face convex, furrowed in the middle. Palpi broad at base, ending in a lone point. | Proboscis about a third the leneth of the whole insect. Forehead shining with no calli. Wings clear, with the usual neuration; all posterior cells widely open, the anal cell closed at border. METOPONAPLOS PARVA (PanaontA), Walker. Metoponaplos parva (Pangonia), Walker, List Dipt., pt. 1, p. 145, 1848. (Pangonia directa, Walker, Dipt. Saund., p. 21, 1850.) Both the Walker types are from the Cape of Good Hope, in the Brit. Mus. Coll., and are females. There is also a female in the same collection from Saldanha Bay, Cape Colony, October, 1892 (Pele la Garde), 96, 2, two females from Namaqualand, 1917, and one female in the South African Museum. Forehead broad, shining. Antennae, palpi and legs blackish. Wings grey, length 9-10 mm. Face black, convex, but furrowed in the. middle, clothed sparsely with long yellowish hairs, cheeks 528 Annals of the South African Museum. covered with grey tomentum and with yellow pubescence. Palpi black, broad at base, ending in a long tapering point, more than a third of the length of proboscis, which is about as long as the head and thorax combined. Antennae black, situated on a shght tubercle covered with ashy-grey tomentum; the first two joints with some long black hairs, the first joint cylindrical, the second small and round, half the length of the first joint ; the third joint with five divisions, the first one broad and large, no tooth, but with rounded borders, the last divisions very small. Forehead almost parallel, wide, barely one and a half times longer than it is wide, black and shining, with grey tomentose borders and a few scattered white hairs; ocelligerous tubercle distinct. Hyes bare. Thorax black and shining, clothed with greyish-white pubescence and with longer hairs at sides. Seutellwm black and shining, with yellowish hairs on its posterior border. Abdomen shining black, reddish yellow on sides of the first and second segments, the posterior borders from the second segment onwards clothed with fringes of white hairs on their posterior borders ; sides with white hairs. Legs blackish, tibiae reddish yellow on basal two-thirds, pubescence pale yellowish on femora, elsewhere blackish. Wings grey, tinged yellow at base, veins reddish yellow. A male in the Brit. Mus. Coll., from Saldanha Bay, 5: ix : 1912 (k. H. Barnard), 1915, is presumably the male of this species, but the abdomen is largely reddish yellow, the black colour appearing as a broad black stripe on the first three segments, the apex black, with short yellowish hairs on posterior borders of the segments, sides with long, black and yellow hairs ; underside reddish yellow, black on the last three segments. Legs blackish with long black hairs on the femora and tibiae. Wings and veins darker in colouring. Forehead is less wide but slightly narrower at vertex, shining black. Antennae with longer and more numerous black hairs on the first two segments. Palpi with the first joint short, the second conical, clothed with long hairs. Length 9 mm. MrtroponaPiLos NIGRICANS, Ni. Sp. Type (female) from Hott-Holl Mts., 6000 ft., Caledon, Cape Colony (Barnard), 1916. From Cape Mus. Coll. A small black species, with no markings on the abdomen. Forehead shining, broad. Legs blackish brown. Wings clear. Length 7 mm. Face blackish, with grey tomentum and white hairs. Palpi brownish with black hairs. Antennae reddish brown. Forehead black, shining, with no lighter borders, not quite parallel, and about one and a half times longer than its anterior width, Thorax and scutellum black, New Species of S. African Tabanidae (Diptera). 529 Abdomen black with very narrow lighter posterior borders. Wings with brown veins. Gen. SILVIUS, Meig. The two new species of Silvins described below were sent me for identification by Dr. L. Péringuey, Director of the South African Museum, Cape Town. NILVIUS CALLOSUS, ¢, 2, 1: Sp. Type (male) from Durban, Natal (Bell Marley). Type (female) from Kar-Kloof (Bell Marley), and another female from Durban, in Cape Museum Coll. A robust species of dull brown colour with some obscure yellow markings, distinguished by the lineal frontal callus. Length 12 mm. male, 12-15 mm. female. Male.—Face dull brown with some grey tomentum. Palpi brown with black hairs. Antennae light reddish-yellow, the first two joints brown with black hairs. Hyes bare, the upper facets larger than the lower ones. Thorax brownish, with no distinct stripes ; pubescence on dorsum scanty, light in colour. Sevfellum same colour, Abdomen with rather a mottled appearance, the yellowish colour predominating on the basal half, of an isabella colour ; on the underside this colour extends over the whole abdomen ; the segmentations above and below are very narrowly white-haired. Legs dull reddish brown. Wings clear, with yellow veins. ‘This male is not in good condition. Female has dusky brown rather large palpi as long as the proboscis with dark pubescence. Antennae as in male. Forehead about one- fourth in width of the length, not narrowed at either end; the callus is almost lineal, dark brown extending to the ocelli. Thorax mahogany brown with short white pubescence. Scutellum rather paler in colour. Abdomen raw umber, with paler markings, the segmentations with narrow fringes of short white hairs ; underside much the same colour; the first segment on dorsum with a pale band on its posterior border. SILVIUS HIRSUTUS, G, @, 0. Sp. Type (male) from Matroosberg, Ceres Division, Cape, 3500 ft. Type (female) and another male in Cape Museum Coll. A dark blackish brown species with hairy eyes and thorax, and abdomen with hairs, rather near Silvius decipiens, Loew, but at once 530 Annals of the South African Museum. distinguished in the female by the frontal callus, which does not reach the eyes. Length 15 mm. males, 12 mm. female. Male.— Face with grey tomentum and thick yellow hairs. Beard same colour. Palpi dark brown with brown hairs. Proboscis long, nearly a third of the length of insect. Antennae dark brown, the first two joints with dark hairs. yes hairy, the upper facets only a little larger than the lower ones. Thorax black, rather shining, with two distinct narrow grey stripes, one on each side; dorsum with some scattered white hairs, sides with thick yellow hairs, a few brown ones intermixed. Scutellum black, with some white hairs. Abdomen blackish with three very distinct grey tomentose spots on each segment, except the first and the last one; pubescence on dorsum slight, consisting of some white and dark hairs ; sides with thick yellow and brown hairs. The extreme side borders of segments are fulvous; underside black with grey tomentum; in the other male the grey spots are almost effaced. Legs dull reddish, the femora darker, the legs with rather thick black pubescence. Wings clear, with dark brown stigma and veins, the transverse veins clouded. Female.—Palpi small, yellowish, with long black hairs, the hairs on face not so thick and brown in colour. Iorehead very wide, narrower at vertex ; the width in front is nearly equal to the length. Frontal callus is very large, blackish brown, shining, but it does not reach the eyes and does not extend much beyond the middle of forehead. The hairs at sides of thorax are largely brown. 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