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Sia oo Gd Vek gona emia iad eerie aM eisdelh clash Weal or kh PrasOR eT HE Wi dps CTEM ILN hreate rin a Hiker doe tareh Vad ae ear de ( ek eh ged aoe aa nee Are Vd ate da ded ‘ bey arated Le ‘ edt tad doped a ae ‘ : POW iC eee LE Sede d= poked tbe arse Ww ge te ete ped tte 8 vad Ae Dated dee PePrnrerrr i (clu MUR Oe Aol ee etidwaad ort Vigid: ood ved ged A MEAL e & A oe Bee 7 ks Bed ab a ee od URE nh Vt ot “ OW Le eds ome HF La ere yet atta, * yet ed) feet errr rr ry Me Col ag Wades Gil aie iy 4 eee eee PGi e 4 ayhsade sone Poti 44 etd Pare ate CP 2d eR ase ot Hie any 4 - ‘ aay 4) detieg ead ened y teri ‘ We WW erdidsee eth HG e ; " Steere Sida ak Me wre ay aee ‘ aie ORR Merit ae TN eth a ee de Pe Ea eH Joab era a eed ey ea ae et : 4 AS oN tin ealen het oa vt re heli wa feed aide : ey ie te Oe fey) repeals Arlee a He ER Nel EU ee ne AC ay Maeda “ yyy ae! Per detien telh ois teh ee? Cae ae eer denne cht Ae et PO TT Ht tS ee aah anata ib ’ h O dew ded, ad a hohe oe eevee eee ¥ We ten Mim con ua bpd ebpde dy Wh Oe Odea de bed thle Pr reh ary a ‘ eye @ Pad wea eee beled Wer eMC Wt a Mele Porto (ck X Vad eae joked ae ad Ab ba ares Mae dep ee ‘ WU Led dee we debt Pare We ae th ade Wye ww Wi Str tet Cone shee Dek atk bee eG at bein ree iene al Wank abides ded Ae ee Teter MPC eT tee Pct eee RO Ue Mae beck We Gat AA aah HCO (a PM Ome wee re Me CMTC IR ! ape ee bed ha bed a ii i ney ete a Be br pant ds pa ae ace saath +O SLY dod are ke Weak ae ded & oad ) PTE LCC Pe RTE Ot ESR UA ok, ae Anh A HA hs Le ee AE we chet vee Ae Vest Clab hine) is aerate | ae wi : a) Geko te ak Ua dione he Fired? oe see da aL th op WH Tee owe ta a ayhe ad a tt Ee The tye haagege dhe De ebsh oh ae eae reat Ab de Werte Geel 9A Pare etree WC Reel ate Nie ie le teva at ae be Oth ee y fede perenne irene ct Wie ee Cd ‘ yo yh ar eee ee pete 9 Add dae aE a Na ti gpa ne aah kone ‘ (UA oat oe tbege age dive ae He aed a9 fonts Wren had : pret, waeued aha od tore tk , Via Pe yar ok ee HL 4 4 Aha, ded tte: tary Deed ae PCE co we wnt vey ei de J Pe ee eee Be . Hie wa Oe ee te wb erwdiw ee ae al OUCCNan, a k y re ote) a4 Gti a weed A Oe0 FA ered ee way Ce ae ‘ aed Fh ie eh adie ihr Pxin rT he hady ; Hed ace a wae ihole 2 Hen a Wee ed re dled ah tele fee Legged path Parner ere Wir Wyo u tka A AY we teihe ye eee ei oO entre tm ot i nts Dif ae al et eat poet ve hy eek ee ees Pe et Le Ra b Wir tes nara a he Pk, Wile de ea vere aad a ead MIA. ae wine Ho Oe ee ee ‘ 4 i a ee a HN Cede ned) Baits hs goede be GRC des PRU rC ren ie Cn nae Ma) n 2 iF ue) ae be Wed OF ed ob bh rae ee 4 faut ae ey ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. VOLUME II. re 4 i Digits. + die, te Biotec 506% ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. VOLUME II PRINTED FOR THE TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM BY West Newman & Co., LonpDON 1902, ST Sie TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. The Hon. JoHN XavizR Merriman, M.L.A. Sir Davip Gitt, K.C.B., LL.D., F.R.S., Hon. F.R.S.H., His Majesty’s Astronomer at the Cape of Good Hope. THomas Murr, C.M.G., LL.D. M.A., F.R.S., F.R.S.E., Superintendent- General of Education. SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. Wini1am Luttey Scrater, M.A., Director. Louis ALBERT PHRINGUEY, Assistant-Director. WILLIAM FREDERICK PuRcELL, B.A., Ph.D., First Assistant. JoHN Dow FisHER GitcHrist, M.A., Ph.D., B.Sc., Keeper of Marine Inver- tebrates. Miss Maria Witman. In charge of the Geological Collections. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS. G. A. Bouneneer, F.R.S. oa Description of a New Silurid Fish of the Genus Gephyroglanis from South Africa. Plate XIII. .. Be Aware aiey Sieh Rey ae OT Prof. E. Couen, of Greifswald. The Meteoric Irons from SEaaens Hast, South Africa. Plates ITI., IDWog baal Whe 4c 2 9 The Meteoric Iron ork Bethany, Great Namaqualand. Bees VI, WANK, WADDIS eiaelID. 5 : Watrer EK. Couuines, F.Z.S. On a Collection of Slugs from South Africa, with i ee of some New Species. PlatesI.andII. .. .. 1 On a Further Collection of South African ‘Sings with a Check- list of Known Species. Plate XIV. .. ~ 229 W. L. Distanr, Rhynchotal Miscellanea. Plate XV. .. .. .. .. 1. «. «. «+ 287 Sir G. F. Hampson, Bart., B.A., F.Z.S. Ehe Mothsyot SoutheMtrica (artes): yee wey mee yn eee meen! The Moths of South Africa (Part IT.) L. P#RINGUEY. Description of Seven New Species of the Family Mutillide Oe Hymenoptera) in the South African Museum .. . a6 LAY Description of a New Species of the Genus Ee (Order Thysanura) from the Cape Colony... .. . . 133 W. FE. PURCELL. On the Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes, Purc., with notes on other, principally South African, Onychophora. Plates X., XI., and XII. 67 On Some South African Arachnida belonging to the Grace Socios. ECC OAUOO ENIGMA “Sar Be Sa) BaP 60 oo Go co ac oo Sy ACHILLE RAFFRAY. Description of New Species of South African Pselaphide.. .. .. .. 117 Sie THor, of Christiania. South African Hydrachnids. Plates XVI.-XXI. .. .. .. .. .. 447 LIST OF NEW GENERIC NAMES INTRODUCED IN THIS VOLUME. Tlenodes, n. g., Arctiadz (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Procanthia, n. g., Arctiade (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Chelypus, n. g., Solpugida (Arachnida), Pure. .. Cnemiandrus, n. g., Tingidide (Rhynchota), Dist. Brotheus, n. g., Coreidee (Rhynchota), Dist. Aspidifrontia, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Kcetochela, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Mionides, n. g., Noctuids (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Paratuerta, n. g., Noctuidz (Lepidoptera), Hamp. .. Tumidifrontia, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Diparopsis, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Conicofrontia, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Lophotarsia, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp... Poliothripa, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. .. Neaxestis, n. g., Noctuids (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Paraxestis, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. . Acanthonyx, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Prionofrontia, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Gidebasis, n. g., Noctuides (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Proruacca, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Authadistis, n. g., Noctuidz (Lepidoptera), Hamp. .. Proconis, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Mesogenea, n. g., Noctuidee (Lepidoptera), Hamp. .. Parathermes, n. g., Noctuidee (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Cnodifrontia, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Ciderastria, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. .. Hetolopha, n. g., Noctuids (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Paroruza, n. g., Noctuids (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Enblemmistis, n. g., Noctuidee (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Neochrostis, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. .. Disticta, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Leiorhynx, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Tetracme, n. g., Noctuide (Lepidoptera), Hamp. Capeuldis, n. subg., Hydrachnide (Arachnida), Thor. DATE OF ISSUE OF THE PARTS. Part 1, pp. 1-8, issued March, 1900. Part 2, pp. 9-82, issued June, 1900. Part 3, pp. 33-66, issued September, 1900. Part 4, pp. 67-116, issued December 4, 1900. Part 5, pp. 117-136, issued January 21, 1901. Part 6, pp. 187-226, issued December 18, 1901. Part 7, pp. 227-228, issued December 18, 1901. Part 8, pp. 229-236, issued December 18, 1901. Part 9, pp. 237-254, issued July 8, 1902. Part 10, pp. 255-446, issued August 26, 1902. Part 11, pp. 447-466, issued November 27, 1902. ST OR in AGES: I. | South African Slugs. Matatiela (Kokstad) Meteorite. + Bethany (Great Namaland) Meteorite. XI.} Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. XIII. Gephyroglanis sclateri. XIV. South African Slugs. XV. African Tingidide. South African Hydrachnids. ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. I.—On a Collection of Slugs from South Africa, with Descriptions of some New Species.—By Waurer HE. Couuiner, F.Z.S., Assistant Lecturer in Zoology and Comparative Anatomy, Mason University College, Birmingham. (Plates I. and IT.) THRouGH the kindness of Mr. J. H. Ponsonby, I have recently had the opportunity of examining a small collection of slugs, the property of the Trustees of the South African Museum, and I here wish to express my best thanks to him for placing the same in my hands. The collection is an exceedingly interesting one, for in addition to adding two well-known species to the South African fauna, there are four new species, viz., | Amalia, 1 Apera, and 2 Oopelta. I hope at no distant date to be able to examine the whole of the slug collection in the South African Museum, which Mr. R. M. Lightfoot has very kindly promised to forward to me for investigation. An examination of the published records of the molluscan fauna of this region shows a large number of genera and subgenera, and a remarkable number of species in some particular genera. A very large proportion of these have been described by Messrs. Melvill and Ponsonby in a series of valuable papers published during the past few years. In quite a recent paper * another 14 new species are described, and probably many more await discovery. Dr. Sturany in his valuable catalogue + enumerates 408 species. A recent * Ann, and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1899 (ser. 7), vol. iv., pp. 192-200, pl. iii. + Denk. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 1898, Bd. Ixvii., pp. 537-642, 3 pls. IL 2 Annals of the South African Museum. summary of these has been given by Mr. E. R. Sykes in the ‘ Journal of Malacology,’ and I give the same below :— Testacelliide ...... 2 Bulamimde ...... 24 Melaniid@e ......... 4 Streptaxide ...... 73 IPAGVNEIE coc000000000 34 Hydrobud@ ......... 6 Bhytidid@ ......... 16 Succineid@ ......... 9 Paludinide ......... 2 Vitrimid@ ......4.. 18 Vaginulide@........« 4 Ampullarude ...... 5 LVNACtd@ ...s0e0 1 Onchidiude......... 1 Assunineid@ ...... 4 Urocyclid@ ......... 5 Liumn@ide@ ......... 24 Hydrocemd@ ...... 1 ZONUMAC .....0c0000- 11 Auriculid@ ......... ON Neniiide rnc cneeeeeee 3 Helactd@ .......0005 78 Truncatellide ... 2 Cyremid@ ........060 7 Achatinide......... 49 Cyclophoride ...... 14 Untonid@e We-cser 7 Total 408 species. Of the above 408 species only 16 are slugs. It would be very surprising if in such a region this represented the total number of slug-like forms. From an examination of this collection and others very kindly sent to me by Mr. H. C. Burnup, of Pieter- maritzburg, I am of opinion that many new species yet await discovery, and I think there can be little doubt but that future investigations will bring to light a rich and interesting slug-fauna. Famity LIMACIDA,, Leach. Gren. LIMAX, L. LIMAX VARIEGATUS, Drp. Hab. Capetown. Three specimens. Gren. AMALIA, Mog.-Tand. AMALIA GAGATES, Drp. One specimen. Body almost black, foot-sole sepia-coloured. Hab. Signal Hill. F. Purcell, June, 1896. AMALIA PONSONBYI, 0. Sp., Plate I., figs. 1-2; Plate I1., fig. 13. Animal dorsally a sepia-blue, gradually becoming yellowish laterally and towards the foot-fringe; mantle same as dorsum ; groove on mantle well marked. Keel well developed. Rugz small. Sulci faint, sepia-coloured. Peripodial groove narrow but distinct. Foot-fringe dirty yellow, without lineoles. Foot-sole yellowish, divided into median and lateral planes, the former with transverse markings, the latter with a series of oblique lines running from the centre forwards. Length (in alcohol) 32 mm. Collection of Slugs from South Africa. 3 Shell a smooth, nearly ovoid calcareous nodule, slightly broader posteriorly than anteriorly. Major diam. 5, min. diam. 3°2 mm. Hab. Cape Town. R.M. Lightfoot. Type in collection of South African Museum. Externally this species is not unlike some forms of 4. gagates, Drp.; the general form of the generative organs, however, at once separates it from that species. I have much pleasure in associating with it the name of Mr. J. H. Ponsonby. Generative Organs. There is a single vestibule. The vagina is short. The external form of the sperm-duct is very characteristic ; it may be divided into two parts connected by a fine tube (plate IT., fig. 13). The lower portion consists of two dilated cavities, the upper of which is the smaller, and from the outer (right) side of this a fine tube opens which is connected with the upper portion ; this shows a constriction in the middle, and is connected distally with the vas deferens, a short, narrow tube (plate II., fig. 13, v.d.). The receptacular duct is very short, and opens into the vagina on the dorsal side. The receptaculum seminis is a large globular sac lying in life on the dorsal side of the free-oviduct. This latter organ is rather shorter than in A. gagates, Drp. The remaining portions call for no special mention. Gren. AGRIOLIMAX, Morch. AGRIOLIMAX AGRESTIS, L. Three specimens. Hab. Cape Town. R. M. Lightfoot. Faminy TESTACELLIDA, Gray. Gren. APERA, Heyn. APERA NATALENSIS, 0. Sp. Plate I., figs. 8-4; Plate I1., figs. 14-165. Animal limaciform, subeylindrical, broad posteriorly, tapering anteriorly, dorsally reddish-brown with dark greenish-blue mottling, sides of body orange-red or dark orange with greenish-blue mottling, which becomes scarce towards the peripodial groove. Commencing from the head, the dorsum gradually rises, and at about one-third of the animal’s length from the posterior end it slopes downwards, 4 Annals of the South African Musewm. forming a somewhat spatulate-shaped tail. All the keels are well marked. The radiating lines from the respiratory orifice are very plain, especially those directed posteriorly ; the two mid-dorsal ones are also very prominent. Peripodial groove distinct. Generative orifice below and behind the right lower tentacle. Foot-sole orange- red, not differentiated into median and lateral planes. Tail flattened and slightly overlapping the foot-sole, terminating bluntly. Ruge small. Length (in alcohol) 65 mm.; breadth of foot-sole 9:5 mm. ; breadth of dorsum, mid-length, 10 mm., behind respiratory orifice, 13°5 mm. Shell internal, situated posterior to the respiratory orifice. Hab. Richmond, Natal. Rev. J. R. Ward, 1899. Type in collection of South African Museum. This species differs from both A. gibbonsi, W. G. Binn., and A. burnupi, HE. A. Sm., the only two known species of this genus, in a number of particulars. Binney * mentions that the former is ‘‘rather slender,’ and that ‘‘the foot is dull opaque white, with a tallowy yellow tint, and with an indistinct bluish streak along middle’’; in both of these external features it differs from the species here described. Externally it differs from A. burnwpi in the colour and general form of the body. As this latter species has not been figured, I here give (plate L., figs. 5-6) two views drawn from an alcoholic specimen very kindly sent to me by Mr. Edgar A. Smith, of the British Museum. Binney in his original description of the genus (/. c. p. 331) _ correctly states that there is no caudal mucous pore, but in the same paper (p. 358) he refers to the ‘longitudinal furrows above the margin of the foot, meeting over a caudal mucous pore.” The shell is situated at the most posterior portion of the body behind the pallial organs. In the specimen dissected it was broken up into fragments, but so far as I could judge from these, it is a large solid cap-like structure. In alcoholic-preserved specimens of Apera all the internal parts are exceedingly brittle and contracted, so that probably in fresh material, or if otherwise preserved, they would have a very different appearance. Having only one example of A. natalensis, which I wished to preserve as nearly whole as possible, I have only examined the alimentary canal, pedal gland, and generative organs, for purposes of comparison with those organs in 4. burnwpi, H. A. Sm., of which. I gave a short description in 1897.+ * Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., Camb., 1879, vol. v., pp. 331-32. | Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1897 (ser. 6). vol. xx., pp. 221-25, plate v. Collection of Slugs from South Africa. 5 The alimentary canal is very similar to that of A. burnupi, excepting that the two salivary glands and ducts are perfectly distinct. The pedal gland (plate 1J., fig. 14) is much longer but not quite so large in circumference as in 4. burnwpt, it is densely folded and twisted upon itself, and laterally wraps around the viscera. Respecting the generative organs (plate IL, fig. 15), there is a small vestibule into which the vagina and penis open, this latter organ is much longer than in A. burnwpi, otherwise it shows the same simple characters. The free-oviduct is wider and the common duct not so ereat in length. The most striking difference perhaps is in the form of the receptaculum seminis (plate IIL., fig. 15, 7.s.). In this species it is partly covered by the coil of the common duct, for unlike the condition which obtains in A. burnupi, it is directed backwards and is perfectly straight. The hermaphrodite duct was so brittle that it broke away in dissection. Hamity ARIONIDA, Gray. Gen. OOPELTA, Morch. OopELTA NIGROPUNCTATA, Morch., Plate I., figs. 7-8; Plate IL., fig. 16. Animal yellowish-green, lighter laterally. Body marked by a series of oblique, backwardly directed furrows 2-25 mm. apart. Mantle oval, granulated, spotted with a series of black dots towards the medium line, sometimes very few. Slight trace of keel. Rugze small. Peripodial groove distinct. Foot-fringe and foot-sole almost yellow, no lineoles or divisions into median and lateral planes. Length (in alcohol), 50 mm. ; mantle, 21 mm. Hab. Cape Town. R. M. Lightfoot. I think I am correct in stating that neither the animal or generative organs of this slug have previously been figured. I therefore take this opportunity of giving figures of the same. Generatwe Organs. Both vestibule and vagina are small. The sperm duct is a large, exceedingly thick-walled organ. At its distal end it becomes much smaller, and forms a small rounded head with a smaller dilatation into which the vas deferens opens, and on its dorsal side has a short retractor muscle inserted (plate IL., fig: 16, sp. d.). The vas deferens commences as a very fine tube and lies close to the 6 Annals of the South African Museum. ventral wall of the sperm-duct (plate II., fig. 16, v.d.) at the point where it makes a turn backwards. Immediately beneath the vagina it becomes much larger and convoluted. The receptaculum seminis has a very short duct, the body itself being,somewhat pyriform. The free-oviduct is short and of about equal circumference through- out. The ovidueal portion of the common duct is densely folded and short. There is a large albumen gland. The hermaphrodite gland is a small, somewhat triangular-shaped body with a long fine duct. OOPELTA FLAVESCENS, 0. sp., Plate I., figs. 9-10; Plate II., fig. 17. Animal cream-coloured with a slight bluish-green tint on the posterior portion of mantle. Granulations on mantle prominent, also on ruge. Oblique, backwardly directed furrows as in preceding species. No trace of a keel. Ruge small. Peripodial groove distinct. Foot-fringe and foot-sole almost white, no lineoles or divisions into median and lateral planes. Length (in alcohol) 51 mm.; mantle, 22 mm. Hab. Kalk Bay. F. Purcell, 1896. Four specimens, in collection of South African Museum. Generatwe Organs. This species differs from O. mgropunctata, Morch, in not a few important particulars. The vagina is larger than in this last-mentioned species. The sperm-duct is somewhat sickle-shaped (plate II., fig. 17, sp. d.); distally it much resembles the previous species. The retractor muscle is longer and broader, parti- cularly at its point of origin. The vas deferens is a long fine tube opening into the distal end of the sperm-duct (plate II., fig. 17, v.d.) and lying close to the under side of that organ and on the under side of the vagina ; the portion which hes to the left of the vagina is much wider, the width increasing as it approaches the prostatic portion of the common duct (plate I1., fig. 17). The duct of the receptaculum seminis is about the same length as the body, which is oval in shape. The free-oviduct is much longer than in O. nigropunctata, and it gradually becomes wider as it passes backwards. There is a large albumen gland and a densely convoluted hermaphrodite duct with a bilobed hermaphrodite gland (plate II., fig. 17, h. gi.). OoPELTA GRANULOSA, N. sp., Plate I., figs. 11-12; Plate IT., fig. 18. Animal brownish-yellow, head and sides of the body anteriorly bluish ; granulations on the mantle very pronounced; oblique, Collection of Slugs from South Africa. 7 backwardly directed furrows as in O. mgropunctata. No trace of a keel. Rugz small but prominent, giving the whole body a coarse granulated appearance. Peripodial groove distinct. Foot-fringe and foot-sole yellowish-brown, no lineoles or divisions into median and lateral planes. Length (in alcohol), 42 mm.; mantle, 18°5 mm. Hab. Calvinia Div., Nieuwondtville. C. L. Leipoldt, September, 1898. Three specimens in collection of South African Museum. Generative Organs. This species differs from either of the preceding species in the shortness of the free-oviduct (plate IL., fig. 18, f. ov.), the form of the sperm-duct and the shorter common duct. The duct of the receptaculum seminis is slightly longer than that in O. flavescens, and the body a little larger. The hermaphro- dite duct is densely folded and convoluted, and the gland is very large (plate II., fig. 18, h. gi.). OoPELTA, sp. Hab. Great Winterhoek. Dr. Marloth, December, 1896. Two specimens, in collection of South African Museum. Possibly these may turn out to be young examples of O. granulosa. The body is of a reddish-brown colour and unlike the condition which obtains in O. granulosa, the foot-sole is divided into median and lateral planes. The form of the sperm-duct is somewhat like that in O. granulosa, and there is a long convoluted vas deferens. Length (in alcohol), 46°56 mm.; mantle, 13°5 mm. Grn. ARION, Fer. ARION Fuscus, O. F. Mill. Hab. Cape Town. R. M. Lightfoot. Seven small specimens, two of which I dissected. The generative organs of both agree with those I have elsewhere figured.” Famity ONCHIDIID-. Gen. ONCHIDIUM, Buchan. (Em. Plate). ONCHIDIUM PERONI, Cuy. Hab. Green Point. F. Purcell, June, 1896. Hight specimens. * Proc. Zool. Soc., 1897, p. 448, plate xxx., f. 18, plate xxxi., f. 14. ies] = Q PERSO DADO woe a 18. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. (8) EXPLANATION OF PLATES. Prats I. Amalia ponsonbyt, n. sp., view from the right side. XI. “ By 7 dorsal view. XI. Apera natalensis, n. sp., view from the right side. XI. », dorsal view. XI. Agora bur cane, H, A. Sm., view from the right side. XI. Pe 5 5 dorsal view. XI. ; Oopelta nigropunctata, Mérch., view from the right side. XI. 6 ie es dorsal view. XI. Oopelta flavescens, n. sp., view from the right side. XI. ‘ », dorsal view. XI. Oopelta granulosa, n. sp., view from the right side. XI. dorsal view. XI. Fe) ” ” Prater II. Amalia ponsonbyt, n. sp., generative organs. Apera natalensis, n. sp., the pedal gland, view of from above. 55 a generative organs. Oopelta migreoreatata, Morch., generative organs. Oopelta flavescens, n. sp., generative organs. Oopelta granulosa, n. sp., generative organs. REFERENCE LETTERS. alb. gl. Albumen gland. f. ov. Free-oviduct. h. d. Hermaphrodite duct. h. gl. Hermaphrodite gland. ov. Oviduct. p. Penis. pr. Prostate. r. d. Receptacular duct. r. m. Retractor muscle. r. Ss. Receptaculum seminis. sp. d. Sperm duct. v. Vestibule. y.d. Vas deferens. yg. Wagina. Ed Partridge deivad net. West, Newman chromo West, Newman Ith. South African Slugs. = na II.—The Meteoric Irons from Griqualand Hast, South Africa.— By Pror. HE. Cowen, Greifswald. (Plates III., IV., V.) Tue larger of the two irons here described has been in the South African Museum since December, 1885. It is mentioned in the Report of the Trustees for that year as ‘‘a very large iron meteorite of singular form and weighing 560 lbs.,’”’ presented by Mr. C. P. Watermeyer. The weight so given is, however, inaccurate, as before the piece, on which the following description is mainly based, was cut off, the weight was found to be 687 lbs. (298 kg.) From the records in the Museum and inquiries made by Dr. Corstorphine, it appears that two masses of iron were originally brought to the Museum through the agency of Mr. Watermeyer. From the correspondence they clearly were both brought from Kokstad, but their earlier association is not so evident. The larger - piece, now in Cape Town, was known to the Rey. C. D. Tonkin, a former missionary at Matatiela, in 1878. He mentions it (in a MS. in the South African Museum, dated St. Andrews, Pondoland East, April 7, 1885) as having lain at a Basuto kraal, the headman of which informed him that it had been found on a neighbouring hill. One of the late Mr. Watermeyer’s nephews remembers being told by his uncle that this meteorite was found buried in the soil on a kopje at the junction of the Mabele and Kenegha rivers, about one hour from Matatiela, towards Ongeluk’s Nek in the Drakens- bergen. The history of the smaller iron, now in Vienna, is somewhat more vague. A Mr. H. L. Rudlin, who wrote to the Curator of the South African Museum in April 1885, enclosing the account 2 10 Annals of the South African Museum. of the larger iron written by Mr. Tonkin, mentions ‘two smaller (meteorites) taken in to Kokstad at the same time,’ as the larger one. The one of these, which later came to Cape Town, was, at the written request of Mr. Watermeyer, given to Prof. P. D. Hahn, South African College, who ultimately forwarded it to the Hofmuseum, Vienna. This iron, weighing 43 kg., was recorded first by Brezina in 1887, who gives Kokstad as the locality, 1884 as the date of its discovery, and mentions especially the jaw-bone-like shape. This he regards as representing the final stage in the explosion of a ring-shaped mass, and compares it to the Signet iron ring (Tucson Ainsa ring, Mucha- chos) which might, on bursting, have yielded two pieces, one of which would have had exactly the shape of the Kokstad iron.* In the following year Brezina describes a hemispherical cavity, 7 cm. in diameter, visible on the surface of the iron, as due probably to the falling out of a huge troilite nodule.t Later, in 1894, Brezina published a reproduction of the meteorite, and mentioned the enormous abundance of minute troilite grains. | In 1895 he classed the Kokstad iron among the ‘‘ Octahedral Irons with lamellz of medium width,” and briefly described the Widman- statten figures: ‘‘ Lamellee rarely closely joined together (geschart), with rounded ends (wulstig); kamacite hatched (schraffirt) with orientated sheen; taenite moderately developed; fields numerous and small, filled with dark grey plessite or half-shaded central skeletons.” § ; In 1891 Dr. Weinschenk, of Munich, and I examined portions o the oxidised crust, and found it to contain chlorine and silicate grains, among which, as usual, a colourless quartz-like substance predominated. The material was not suitable for further examina- tion. || The South African Museum specimen, which originally weighed 657 Ibs. (298 kg.), is known to me only from photographs and from _ a piece weighing 3 kg., which Dr. Corstorphine sent me for examina- tion. This piece I have had cut into eight slices. * Neue Meteoriten des k.k. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums. Verh. der kk. geolog. Reichsanstalt 1887, 289. + Annalen des k.k. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, 1888, iii. Not. 42. { Die Gestaltung der Meteoriten. Schriften des Vereins zur Verbreitung natur- wiss. Kenntnisse in Wien, 1894, xxxiv. 269-270. § Die Meteoritensammlung des k.k. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums am 1 Mai, 1895. Ann. des k.k. naturhist. Hofmuseums, 1896, x. 284. || Meteoreisen-Studien. Ib. 1891, vi. 159. The Meteoric Irons from Griqualand East, South Africa. 11 One of the photographs (Plate IV.) shows that this iron also is of a more or less jaw-bone-like shape, with, in this position, a maximum length of 93cm. In another position the iron presents the appear- ance of a highly arched tortoise with head and neck well extended (Plate III.). The general shape is, however, irregular, owing to the presence of numerous indentations, of varying size and depth, and of projections ranging from rounded knobs to sharply angular points. Hemispherical cavities, due probably to the fusion or the falling out of troilite nodules, are present in considerable number, in one place an actual perforation having thus beenformed. From the appearance Fic. 1. The Vienna specimen from Kokstad. (4 Nat. Size.) of the surface it is evident that a good deal of oxidation has taken place, the rusted material having either fallen off or been artificially removed. This supposition is borne out by the fact that the typical finger-like depressions and bowl-like pittings are now represented by mere shallow hollows, while on many places Widmanstatten figures are visible. The latter fact likewise suggests that the iron is easily oxidized. The shape of this mass favours the view that it also is to be regarded as a portion of a large ring-shaped iron, and that it and the Vienna piece are fragments of one meteorite. The fact that the Vienna mass (Fig. 1 *), the shape of which may be compared to that of a compressed ham, is much flatter, and has more even surfaces can hardly be urged as an objection to this view, since the Tucson Ainsa ring (Fig. 2), to which Brezina compared it, would also, on bursting, have yielded pieces of very different shape. Besides, the unlikelihood of such a rare occurrence as the ring form having * The wood-block for Fig. 1 has been kindly lent by Dr. Brezina 12 Ainals of the South African Musewm. appeared in two different meteorites in one locality may be reasonably regarded as additional support for the view that the two pieces had a common origin. In attempting to reproduce the original shape of this hypothetical meteorite, and to explain the mode of bursting, as far as can be inferred from a model of the Vienna specimen and the three photo- graphs of the Cape Town one which are in front of me, I may, for comparison, make use of the Tucson Ainsa ring. From a consideration of the measurements alone, and for this purpose I ignore the weights, the lower left quarter of the Tucson Fic. 2. The Tucson Ainsa Ring. (;1, Nat. Size.) Ainsa ring would give a piece like that in Vienna; the portion to the right—about three-eighths of the rmg—would correspond to the irregular block in Cape Town, while the remaining three-eighths forming the thinnest part of the ring are wanting.* The hypothetical ring thus completed would have a diameter of about 1 metre. The above hypothesis, based, as stated above, on the shape and common locality of the two irons, is, however, contradicted by their structure. Although both belong to the ‘‘ Octahedral Irons with lamellee of medium width,”’ still the description of the appearances presented by the etched surfaces will show that important differences in structure exist, and I shall have, in conclusion, to return to the above question. * Tt is unfortunate that nothing can be learned of the second of the two smaller pieces mentioned by Mr. H. L. Rudlin, for it may be part of the missing portion. The Meteorie Irons from Griqualand East, South Africa. 18 A.—The Iron from “‘ Kokstad”’ in the Vienna Collection. For examination I have had at my disposal two slices weighing 163 and 54 grams, with cut surfaces of 51 and 18 sq. cm. respec- tively, the larger being the property of the Hofmuseum, Vienna, and the smaller of Greifswald University, Especially characteristic is the occurrence of the kamacite in two different types. One portion of this mineral occurs mainly in straight-lined beams, which, frequently joined closely together, and arranged parallel to the octahedral faces, attain a length of 2°5 em.; less frequently it occurs in small round-ended lamellae which seem to be irregularly arranged. This form, when etched, assumes an uneven surface and gives in consequence a dull orientated shimmer. Seen through a hand lens the surface shows a fine- grained structure, but, viewed by higher powers, it is seen that the unevenness is due to numerous fine etching-hollows and etching-lines. The latter are usually gently undulating and sometimes so arranged in parallel lines as to give the beams a striped appearance. The other less abundant type of kamacite occurs in short lamelle with highly rounded ends which are never closely joined together. The lamelle are generally 1-2 mm., exceptionally 1 cm., long; they assume an evenly etched surface with a very strong orientated sheen and show few somewhat indistinct Neumann lines (‘‘schwach schraffirter Kamazit”’). The larger lamelle lie parallel to the octahedral faces, the shorter are as irregularly arranged as the shorter lamellee of the first type of kamacite, and, with these, form apparently irregular groups which cover nearly half of the surface of the slice. Not infrequently all kinds of kamacite— especially the short, stubby types—are intimately intergrown to form what is seemingly one lamella composed of dull, and of glittering grains, Owing to the marked differences in the strength of their lustre, the various beams stand out sharply from one another, and from this, as well as from their varying size and arrangement, produce on the etched surface a peculiar broken appearance such as I know on no other octahedral iron (see Plate V., Fig. 1). Taenite is very poorly developed. The fields are small but numerous, and consist of remarkably dark, finely granular plessite, in the centre of which strongly lustrous flakes are often massed together; ‘‘combs’”’ are always quite isolated. The Greifswald slice, which comes directly from the surface of the block and is covered on one side by a portion of the oxidized crust, differs from the Vienna piece just described, in having the strongly 14 Annals of the South African Museum. lustrous lamellee with evenly etched surface more developed, and only slightly, or not at all, cross-hatched. In consequence of the markedly roundish (wulstig) form of these lamelle their arrangement parallel to the octahedral faces appears less distinct. Both slices are wonderfully poor in accessory constituents, small schreibersite-like granules or scales being alone present, As there is no visible troilite and the analysis gives only a trace of sulphur, while Brezina accentuates ‘‘ the enormous wealth of Troilite grains ”’ the distribution of this iron sulphide must, as often happens, be extremely unequal. The analysis made by Dr. J. Fahrenhorst gave the results * shown in columns I.-I.c. No residue was obtained after solution in aqua regia. I.d gives the total composition. I.e shows the composition after removal of the iron-nickel-phosphide (Fe,NiP) and the. ferrous chloride (FeCl,). Weight in grams of ee 0:8592 | 5-2120 | 5-2769 | 5-2586 IWIS{=%s Wana aeep Reser toecccch scccseaee TOR Vee tama 2 ch Cie geet en aR 91-21 ake ais ahs 91:21 | 91°61 INGE aea cantante Acodeeememeaenaraice staat 8:01 sme aaa aa 8:01 773 CORRE Peni ae te tit eee 0:63 Sct ne SB 0:63 0-61 (ODA RARE tn PNA SER ae Locate eet iW 0-018 oS aim 0:02 0:02 (Ooo Saree Man see re Te Sey meet BoE 0:00 ee La 0:00 0:00 OFA cee eit Jar aeed Oe Ea bo ea Oe a Bas ie 0-031 “ia 0:08 0:03 CINE RGA SOON Man ba iis /AEhotee si ae as 0:053 0:05 Ra BE eae tc yeh Rte, RS ney ny RECT Can? 0:22 oe Ba i 0:22 Peat Gr ae ie REE ARIS As 0:003 eee emit trace 10017 | 100:00 Accordingly, assuming chlorine and iron to be combined as the so-called lawrencite, the mineralogical composition of the piece analysed is :— ENG Cel Siro ra He thesia be ye eerste eke Rie metas nae ak ec SR ee 98°47 SCHREUPErSHbS: | Mota ose ct acon aae teu eacke ce icwlac eRe Rae eae 1°43 Li Uap 2 es ee eee ee en OL inn RUMNPra Teces CENA Oy 0:01 DEE NA ENOCH YM cteatetet ta « Sti elie tease Be ae RAD sel aun h hos A Oe 0:09 100:00 * For the methods employed in the analysis see: O. Sjéstrém, Die chemische Untersuchung der Meteoreisen. Mitth. aus dem naturwiss. Verein fiir Neu- Vorpommern u, Riigen, 1898, xxx. 1-29, The Meteoric. Irons from Griqualand Hast, South Africa. 15 The sp. gr. was determined by Dr. W. Leick as 7:7876 (temp. 142° C.), the weight of the piece being 162°954 grams. From this, and taking the accessory constituents into consideration, the sp. gr. of the nickel-iron is 7:8137.* B.—The Iron from Matatiela im the South African Museum. For investigation of the South African Museum specimen I had at my disposal eight slices, weighing in all 388 grams and having a total cut surface of 153 sq. cm. The beams here reach 4 cm. in length, are only slightly rounded at the ends, and show Neumann lines + very distinctly (‘ schraffirter Kamazit’’), as well as etching-hollows in varying numbers. On slight etching the lines often appear alone, on stronger etching the hollows become more numerous and may finally, to some extent, conceal the lines. Frequently several beams lie close together; they rarely touch directly, being more usually separated by much elon- gated particles of plessite, which are often so narrow as to be easily overlooked. The beams are distinguished by a marked orientated sheen which is common, sometimes to alternate beams, sometimes to each of a continuous group of these. Taenite is poorly developed and is recognisable with certainty only after somewhat strong etching. The fields are numerous, attaining a maximum area of 0-5 sq. cm. and showing great variation in dimen- sions, form, and structure. The smaller are frequently narrow, elongated, and very dark, the larger are fairly isometric and of a light grey colour. ‘‘ Combs”’ proper, that is, continuous growth of the taenite surrounding the beams, are rare, and are limited chiefly to narrow marginal areas. On the other hand, many of the larger fields are regularly interstrewn with slightly bent, strongly lustrous taenite-like scales of about 0:01 mm. in thickness. These scales attain a maximum length of about 0:04 mm., but are usually much shorter; they are arranged parallel to the octahedral planes and follow one another at intervals of from 0:02 mm. to 0°2 mm. Possibly we have here net-shaped, perforated, larger lamelle of taenite with the meshes filled in with kamacite. The lighter or darker colour of the plessite appears entirely, or almost entirely, dependent on the number of the above-mentioned scales. Some of these fields are * The following specific gravities were taken as bases for calculation: Iron- nickel-phosphide 7:1118, Troilite 4:75, Ferrous chloride 2°528 (after Filhol). + The etched surface reproduced in Plate V., Fig. 2 is intended to show the general and not the minute structure, and it shows the Neumann lines distinctly in the bars towards the left edge only. 16 Annals of the South African Musewm. broken up into several divisions, each of which gives a uniform but independently orientated shimmer. The sheen is caused by fine etching-lines which pass continuously across each division, unin- terrupted by the intervening lines of glittering scales described above. Such a field may therefore be regarded as built up of a few larger separate pieces of kamacite. Other fields are composed of bundles of small, apparently granular bands, which seem to be arranged parallel to the octahedral faces. The minute structure reminds one of that of the meteorite as a whole, with the difference, however, that the small beams are not surrounded by taenite, which, so far as can be seen, occurs only in isolated scales. Fine-grained plessite, enclosing strongly lustrous scales of quite microscopic size, forms the majority of the small fields, some of which, however, have in addition a narrow border of delicate combs. Apart from differences in detail the general structure, as is well shown in Fig. 2, Plate V., reminds one greatly of the Toluca iron. The eight slices which I examined are distinguished by great poverty in accessory constituents. Troilite is limited to isolated grains of 1:5 mm. maximum diameter. On these, however, in spite of their minute size, delicate intergrowths with schreibersite and a black mineral can sometimes be recognised even with a hand lens. From the mere appearance one cannot determine whether the black mineral is daubréelite or graphite, and the particles are too small to allow a hardness determination ; but the absence of chromium and the comparatively high carbon percentage shown in the analysis, point to its being graphite. Schreibersite occurs in addition only in very small particles which are especially found squeezed in between the beams. Under the microscope small glittering rods, probably of rhabdite, are occasionally seen in the plessite. No trace of an alteration zone can be seen ; however, as is stated above, a considerable amount of rusting has most probably occurred. Fine veins filled with the so-called ‘‘Hisenglas’’ sometimes pass inward from the exterior, and small rust spots readily form in the vicinity of these, though elsewhere the nickel-iron shows no tendency to rust. The analysis made by Dr. J. Fahrenhorst gave the results shown in columns II.-II.e. On solution in aqua regia a minute residue was obtained (graphite ?). II.f gives the total composition, Il.g the composition of the nickel-iron after deducting the iron-nickel- phosphide (Fe,NiP), the iron-sulphide (FeS), and the ferrous chloride (FeCl,), The Meteoric Irons from Griqualand Hast, South Africa. 17 II. Il.a IL.b 1Oye Wd | Ile ILf JOLG Weight a gramsofma-; | 06886 | 10°4138 | 3-9021 | 5:0768 | 1:9510 | 6:5428 terial used ) Mea rocdnnances 9220 or Sok ve Bat Ass 92:20 | 92°21 IN ass dasaecutenber 7°30 une Se side oe ax 7:30 | 7:03 Com aac eeacee 0°67 ee wee a5 ues ast 0-67 | 0°65 OF) ie Bee emens arte Bae 0-032 aN bbs aa is 0:03 0:03 (Orne s aonaen Ane ne ai 0:00 aap eas ie 0:00 | 0.00 CAN eetct cen eae. ee aa in 0:083* ae was 0:08 0:08 (Ol tek cdaseemnnecn: ne 865 ee aoe oa 0°0253) 0:03 BCE ee cenceeG saunas 0:20 ae ses ne 0:18 ah 0-19 Hea tires teoncs are a 0:027 aa ae: ae 0:03 100°53 | 100-00 Assuming iron and chlorine to be combined as the so-called lawrencite, the mineralogical composition of the piece analysed would thus be :— ING CKelEinore sentence een orr cath eee aoe ame 98°64 fron-nickel-phosphide ...-..1..2.2ccc-0s-sceseseereneesens 1:23 ARS AOHEIG) no oo EOR BRO ADO ROHS ES aOR E RE Rene ani URE PD Tenn 0:08 AW EEMICIL OMe eee ren aae tae e aie ca Meher nace eenare 0:05 100-00 Dr. W. Leick determined the sp. gr. of three different slices as :— 1. 7°7852 temp. 15° C. (wt. of slice 25:300 grams). 2eESlOa jn lox Or( i SSHOSE yy i BFS MOC, ( shea ay The differences may be due either to varying amounts of accessory constituents or to the fact that the kamacite, taenite, and plessite are not necessarily equally, but most probably generally unequally dis- - tributed,| especially when the comparison is between slices of small dimensions. The mean of the above determinations is 7:8084, or for the nickel-iron, after deducting the accessory constituents, 78303. * As the carbon percentage is unusually high, a second control determination was made from a piece weighing 3°3560 grams, and yielded exactly the same result. + Already directly proven by the author in the case of the iron from Glorieta Mountain. Meteoreisen-Studien II. Ann. des. k.k. naturhist. Hofmuseums, 1892 vii, 145, 18 To allow convenient comparison, the analyses of the two specimens Annals of the South African Musewm. are given here together :— VIENNA. Cape Town. Id IL.f NG) seas cee eee eee (GTO he PAS er eta Aan ae ee 92°20 TING: fi fae ee Serna wea ScOURpe eo estate eee 7°30 Couttin eee ea sae OSC Bi a ae 0-67 Gah itera paar are ORO 2 Mie poke Noein ese neuen 0:03 (Ogee os ee ane ar sabe So OROB spent arma tiene hia 0:08 ( OUR TNRRCY Creer ce ecco O50 Dearie es soso ce kena 0:03 Pee ay asec ety cr MORE pO Naren adie a Mek ctr 0:19 SH BR oie SHUN aie i ny GRAC Cle asec oua anc hee 0:03 100°17 100°53 SPO otc eemeerers HERSEK ats can Gea e ata career Oe 78084 Le Il.g SER pme ns s ny d rmi lt OMe Glee rte hee ea cohen. 92-21 INT ad Aaa eran oes tee ke ViSTIGTE Coie as Meee SANE 7:03 (Oo) Ran A tars nates ea Os Gila eeaaeesceecese ease caus 0°65 OUR ie em eae OLO Dees ey aere sasetiasann 0:03 ee sei rete nee tine OLO SRR ee ten ures a1, b. 0:08 100-00 100-00 SPs iesesncasemcee 7°8137 7:8303 Since, as already stated, the relative amounts of kamacite, taenite, and plessite occurring throughout an octahedral iron are not usually constant, the differences in chemical composition shown in the above tables are not so great as to exclude the possibility of the two specimens belonging to one meteorite. On the other hand, as will be learned from the descriptions, and seen at once by a comparison of the reproductions of the etched surfaces given on Plate V.,* the two blocks differ more in structure than has yet been observed in any single octahedral iron. So far as our present experience allows, we can, therefore, scarcely assume, without further proof, that these two irons are of common origin, but must rather wait until similar structural differences have been found coexistent in an undoubted single fall.| This reserve appears the more necessary since the * As the slices were inclined so as to secure better illumination, the vertical and horizontal reductions are not equal—the former being about £, the latter about +2 of the real size. + In the iron from Forsyth Co. I found one part compact and another finely granular, but this after all is but a difference in texture, and not as here a thoroughgoing difference in the actual structure. Das Meteoreisen von Forsyth Co., Georgia, Vereinigte Staaten. Sitz. Ber, der k. preuss. Akad, d. Wissensch, zu Berlin 1897, 386-396, The Meteoric Irons from Griqualand Hast, South Africa. 19 actual records, now available as to the two irons, give no definite history of the Vienna iron previous to its arrival in Kokstad. It is probable that it too came from the kraal at Matatiela, but against this there is the fact that the missionary, Mr. Tonkin, mentions the larger block only as being there on his visit. But even if the two pieces were brought from the kraal, there still remains the possibility that the smaller was not found originally at the same locality as the larger. For the present it may be as well to distinguish the two irons by retaining ‘‘ Kokstad” as the locality for the Vienna specimen, and assigning ‘‘ Matatiela,”’ to that in Cape Town. Those, however, who prefer to give more weight to the similarity in shape, and the proximity of the localities, rather than to what I regard as very serious structural differences, may include both masses under ‘* Matatiela’’ or ‘‘ Kokstad.” EXPLANATION OF PLATES. PuatE III.—View of the most regular surface of the Cape Town specimen. (See p. 11.) Pratt LTVY.—View of the iron resting on the surface shown in Plate III. (See p. 11.) Prats VY, Fig. 1.—Polished and etched slice of the Vienna specimen. (See p. 13.) Fig. 2.—Polished and etched slice of the Cape Town specimen. (See pp. 15 and 16.) +B) Jaa Se Ase, IMS. Vol. ie Pil. JOU. Matatiela (Kokstad) Meteorite. 2/15 nat. size. Asam, S$. Ase; IMIS, Woll. IRt Pil, IW. Matatiela (Kokstad) Meteorite. 2h, nat. size. Hee ee Mas. Vol. Ik Pl. V. Fig. 4. INC jo BA 4. The Iron from Kokstad in the Vienna Museum. 2. The Iron from Matatiela near Kokstad in the South African Museum. II1.—The Meteorie Iron from Bethany, Great Namaqualand.— By Pror. HE. Cowen, Grewfswald. (Plates ve) Wille Vili Xe) THE iron here described was known for a long time to the mis- sionaries settled at Bethany, in Great Namaqualand.* It was brought as far south as the Orange River, and, after a considerable delay, ultimately taken to Cape Town and lodged in the South African Museum by Mr. John Wild in 1860. When the Challenger Expedition was in Cape Town (1873) the Curator of the Museum allowed a piece weighing 1,440 grams to be cut off and taken to the British Museum. This piece is given in Mr. Fletcher’s Catalogue under the number 34. Less this piece, the block weighed 508 English Ibs. (230°4 kgs.), from which must now be deducted the 5 lbs. removed for the present investigation. In the various meteorite catalogues a number of other irons from South-West Africa are mentioned, and much difference of opinion prevails as to what relationship, if any, exists between them. The following list gives the chief ones :— 1. British Museum Catalogue + :— (a) Great Fish River (east bank of). (6) Springbok River, Namaqualand. (c) Lion River, Great Namaqualand. (d) Orange River, South Africa. 2. Tubingen Collection } :— Cabaya, Grosser Fischfluss. 3. Gottingen Collection :— A specimen with Blumenbach’s label ‘‘ Von einer am erossen Fischflusse in Stidafrika gefundenen Hisenmasse.”’ * This name has, according to English usage, been retained throughout the text, but the more correct ‘‘Namaland”’ had been printed on the plates prepared under Prof. Cohen’s directions.—Ep. Ann. 8. A. Mus. + An introduction to the study of meteorites, with a list of the meteorites represented in the Collection, p. 57. London, 1896. { A. Brezina, Die Meteoritensammlung des k.k. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums am 1 Mai 1895. Ann. des k.k. naturhist. Hofmuseums, 1895, x. 329. 21 22 Annals of the South African Museum. Fletcher regards the four first-named and the iron here de- scribed as five independent occurrences ; he adds, however, ‘‘ Some of the above Namaqualand masses may have been transported from the same locality.’”’ Wiilfing takes Great Namaqualand, Great Fish River, and Springbok River as being the same.* Brezina unites those from Great Namaqualand and Great Fish River only, while from the evidence afforded by a specimen in the Siemaschko Collection, he unites those from Springbok River and Orange River.t| Gregory, on the contrary, states that his own specimen from Springbok River is very like that from Lion River, which, however, does not necessarily imply that they are the same. } The iron labelled ‘‘ Cabaya, grosser Fischfluss,” in the Tubingen Collection, which was kindly sent to me for inspection by Professor Koken, turns out to be a pseudo-meteorite, with a structure, how- ever, which does not essentially differ from that of some meteorites. On etching, the cut surface (3 sq. cm.) resolves into angular, sharply defined grains, with a system of deep etching-lines which resemble those of Neumann, and produce a strong orientated sheen on the alternating groups of grains.. This iron therefore resembles those hexahedral irons which consist of an aggregate of hexahedral grains.§ It has already been compared by Brezina with those portions of the Hollands Store iron characterised by a finely granular structure, though he also adds the remark, ‘‘ May it not be pig iron?’ || This query induced me to break off a small piece and test it for nickel. As not even a trace of this metal was found, I am forced to regard the substance as an artificial product. This specimen is interesting as showing that mere examination of the structure does not always suffice to distinguish artificial from meteoric iron. Reichenbach, who had no doubt as to its meteoric origin, laid stress on the orientated sheen of the grains as well as on the absence of needles and ‘‘ combs ”’ in the plessite.”’ 4] The Gottingen specimen, catalogued as from the Great Fish River, was generously placed at my disposal by Professor Liebisch, and proved on etching to be a piece of the Cape of Good Hope iron (1793) * Die Meteoriten in Sammlungen und ihre Literatur nebst einem Versuch den Tauschwert der Meteoriten zu bestimmen, 131-132. Tubingen, 1897. + L.c., 277, 348, and 357. t Catalogue of the Collection of Meteorites of James R. Gregory, of London, p. 17. London, 1889. § Quenstedt gives a somewhat diagrammatic reproduction of the etched sur- face. (Klar und Wahr, 315. Tiibingen, 1872.) || L.c., 329. ‘| Uber die niihern Bestandtheile des Meteoreisens. Pogg. Ann. d. Physik u. Chemie, 1861, cxiv. 273; 1862, cxv. 150 and 155. The Meteoric Iron from Bethany, Great Namaqualand. 23 The Great Fish River was first mentioned by Captain Alexander as a meteorite locality. According to him, great masses of iron were strewn over a considerable area on the east bank.* One piece which he brought home was examined by John Herschel, who described it as being tough, very malleable, with little tendency to rust, and lighter than ordinary iron. Herschel determined the amount of nickel as 4:61 per cent., and was of opinion that the mass ~ had been molten and had exploded in the air.t In a lecture to the Geographical Society, London, Captain Alexander defined his locality more exactly as north-east of Bethany, not far from the Great Fish River.{ It is therefore very probable that the iron brought to Europe by Captain Alexander and the block in the South African Museum, known to have lain on the mountains between Bethany and Berseba, belong to the same fall. This point could be easily decided by comparing the pieces in the British Museum. In this connection it may be interesting to note that Boguslawski considered the Great Fish River and the Cape of Good Hope irons as being probably identical,§ a view which their radical differences renders quite untenable. That the Lion River and the Orange River irons are quite distinct there can be no doubt, as they differ entirely in structure : the former, according to Brezina, showing fine, the latter medium, octahedral lamelle, and neither has resemblance to the South African Museum block from Bethany. As to the Springbok River irons, I have not been able to find any other data, but here also comparison may be able to decide whether they represent independent falls or not. The two specimens in the Siemaschko and Gregory Collections are certainly doubtful. The piece (‘5 gram) in the Museum d’Histoire Naturelle is too small to be taken into consideration. Meunier states that it gives no Widmanstatten figures on etching, and is too minute for further examination.|| There further remains doubt also as to the Spring- * An expedition of discovery into the interior of Africa through the hitherto undescribed countries of the Great Namaquas, Boschmans, and Hill Damaras. Vol. ii. Appendix, 272-275. London, 1838. + Notice of a chemical examination of a specimen of native iron from the east bank of the Great Fish River in South Africa. Phil. Mag., 1839, (3) xiv. 32-34. { Report of an expedition of discovery through the countries of the Great Namaquas, Boschmans, and the Hill Damaras in South Africa. Journ. of the R. Geogr. Soc. of London, 1838, viii. 24. § Zehnter Nachtrag zu Chladnis Verzeichnisse der Feuermeteore und herab- gefallenen Massen. Pogg. Ann. d. Physik. u. Chemie, 1854, Hrg.—Bd. iv. 398. || Revision des fers météoriques de la collection du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle. Bull. de la Soc. d’Hist. Nat. d’Autun, 1898, vi. 74, 24 Annals of the South African Museum. bok River specimens in the British Museum* and Bement’s t Collection. It follows therefore that three only of these localities—Great Namaqualand, Orange River, and Lion River—can be regarded as yielding separate irons.| Cabaya, given for the Tubingen specimen, and Great Fish River for the one in Gottingen, must be abandoned ; Springbok River is doubtful, while Namaqualand as given for the Cape Town specimen and Captain Alexander’s Great Fish River are probably identical. Great Namaqualand being a somewhat extensive region, it is desirable that a less vague local name be attached to the iron here described. It will also avoid confusion with the Great Fish River and Orange River irons which already appear in the literature under ‘‘ Great Namaqualand’’ if, as in the title, the designation ‘Bethany, Great Namaqualand,’ be adopted. Even when, as I conjecture, the identity of Captain Alexander’s iron and that in Cape Town is proven, this name will still remain more correct, since Alexander himself has stated that his specimen was found near Bethany, and ‘“‘ Great Fish River” is nearly as indefinite a designa- tion as ‘‘ Great Namaqualand.” In the two photographs sent by Professor Corstorphine the Bethany iron shows a rounded form. One view presents a surface closely covered with depressions, which, however, appear to have been reduced by the exfoliation caused by rusting (Plate VI.); the other view shows a surface less rounded and with fewer indentations, but these are, at least in part, much deeper, and are confined to a narrow central zone (Plate VII.). Of the meteorite itself I had for examination ten slices, weighing together 1,590 grams, and having a total polished surface of 480 sq. cm., five having each from 60-75 sq. cm. Of the larger slices not one remains uniform after etching, but all * Fletcher in his catalogue simply states that the piece came from the Burkart Collection. + Fourth rough list of meteorites. Philadelphia, 1897. + After the above lines had been printed, I had occasion to compare some pieces from Lion River in Vienna. Those in the Hofmuseum are really rather different from the South African Museum mass from Bethany ; but a slice in the collection of Dr. Brezina shows the same development of Plessite as the latter iron, so that I am now convinced that Lion River described by Shepard (Notice of meteoric iron near Lion River, Great Namaqualand, South Africa, Am. Journ. of Science, 1853, (2) xv. 1-4) belongs to the same fall as Bethany. Accord- ingly there only remain Orange River and Bethany as proved different falls from South-West Africa. The Meteoric Iron from Bethany, Great Namaqualand. 25 divide into two portions, showing a considerable degree of structural difference. One portion shows the normal structure of a finely lamellar octahedral iron. The width of the lamelle rarely exceeds 0:33 mm. ; the beams are only now and then rounded at the ends, and sometimes occur isolated, sometimes congregated together. The kamacite is so finely hatched that the etching-lines and hollows and the fine taenite borders are first distinctly seen on microscopic examination, and it is only where a fourth lamella coincides with the plane of section and has been preserved, that numerous and distinct etching-lines become visible to the unaided eye. Granular structure is wanting, or but slightly indicated. The well-developed fields which form quite half of this portion of the surface are of very varying size and formation. The smaller ones appear, as a rule, almost black, and even when viewed through a hand-lens, uniformly dull, homogeneous, and compact. On stronger magnification, however, numerous delicate, lustrous spangles and a fine-grained structure become apparent. This variety of plessite is most easily affected by etching. Its dimen- sions rarely exceed a few millimetres, and it therefore plays but an unimportant part in the composition of the iron; still, its colour being considerably darker than the rest of the nickel-iron, it shows up very clearly. On Plate VIII. this is not the case, as some of the beams there appear quite as dark as the plessite, but by aid of a lens places showing the differentiation are easily discovered, especially on Fig. 1. On the enlarged reproduction (Plate IX., Fig. 1) the dark plessite stands out clearly at many places on the periphery, where the mottled appearance also indicates the fine-grained structure. Of the larger fields, some are composed of irregular grains 0:03 to 0:2 mm. in size (Plate IX., Fig. 1), and on favourable etching, groups of these show a strong, similarly orientated, sheen. The sheen may be caused by etching-hollows, for stronger magnification in reflected light reveals numerous minute lustrous specks. I think I have also occasionally noticed a few etching-lines, but it is difficult to feel certain of these, and I have similar uncertainty as to the nature of an extremely fine taenite-like sheath. As a rule the grains with their doubtful sheaths lie close together, but occasionally one comes across dark, dull particles of from 0:02 to 0:05 mm. wedged in between them, which closely resemble the first-mentioned plessite. Similar fields were described and figured by Tschermak * as being in the iron from Ilimaé (the same as Juncal according to Brezina). * Hin Meteoreisen aus der Wiiste Atacama. Denkschriftend. Mathem. Natur. wiss. Classe d. Wiener Akad d. Wissensch., 1871, xxxi. i. p. 193. Tf. IV., Fig. 6. 3 26 Annals of the South African Musewm. A third series of fields differs from the last-mentioned in showing, instead of these grains, small rods with rounded ends, which reach 0-2 mm. in width, and are also apparently separated by a border of taenite. As the diameter of the grains coincides with the width of these rods, it may be that we are, in the two cases, dealing merely with variations in the direction of section. On the other hand, how- ever, the frequent occurrence of the granular plessite and the com- parative scarcity of the rod-like variety, as well as the absence of distinct transition forms, tell against this conjecture. Finally, there are other fields which consist half of the one, half of the other kind of plessite. As to the identity of the small grains and rods with the larger bars there can be no doubt. Moreover, it is now generally assumed that plessite is not an independent alloy of nickel and iron, but that it consists sometimes of kamacite only, sometimes of kamacite and taenite in very varying proportions, and it is note- worthy that this Bethany iron affords more conclusive evidence for this view than is usually the case. Other portions of the etched plates on general view assume a banded appearance. The bands attain a maximum width of 5:5 em., and are bounded by lines parallel to the octahedral faces, so that the octahedral structure is preserved. In reflected light alternate bands give a similar and uniform sheen, so that the whole appears homogeneous to the unaided eye. On the boundary of the normally developed portions of the surfaces there is a gradual passage from isolated lamellae, lying parallel to the traces of three different octa- hedral planes, to others which are grouped together until they come to cross one another, and enclose small fields in the usual fashion. | All these phenomena are distinctly shown on Figs. 1 and 2, Plate WAMU, If one examines the homogeneous-looking bands mentioned above with a lens, or, better still, with the microscope, one sees that they include numerous fine taenite-like scales. These vary much in length, and are about 0:02 to 0°03 mm. wide. They divide the bands into anastomosing strips of from 0:07 to 0°25 mm. in width (Plate VIII., Fig. 2). These are not small beams, for they are not completely separated, each portion not being fully surrounded by taenite. The nickel-iron lying between the taenite-like scales shows etching-lines and hollows. On favourable etching one may see that these lines run in three directions, and abut upon the delicate scales, to continue undisturbed, however, on the other side of them. When viewed at such a distance that the finer details are lost, such portions The Meteorie Iron from Bethany, Great Namaqualand. 27 resemble the etched surface of a hexahedral iron. With a lens one may see indications of these lines on Fig. 1, Plate VIII. Further, the nickel-iron after etching has a spotted appearance, which can be distinctly seen in the enlarged reproduction, Fig. 2, Plate 1X. The spots have indistinct boundaries, and do not, in my opinion, indicate a granular structure, which is likewise contradicted by the con- tinuous etching-lines. The main mass of the nickel-iron is undoubtedly kamacite, each broad strip of which may be regarded as forming a simple individual intimately intergrown with taenite. The mode of intergrowth may be best compared with the micro-pegmatitic structure of terrestrial rocks, in which case one may also regard the taenite as forming a simple net-like individual. This cannot be conclusively proved, but it appears to me to be not unlikely. In my opinion the broad strips cannot be compared with the bars in octahedral irons with very wide lamelle, as these never show an intergrowth of kamacite and taenite, but always single kamacite individuals surrounded by taenite. On the other hand, this doubtful portion of the iron resembles in its structure the third variety of plessite, described above as being apparently built up of rods. I conclude, therefore, that the broad strips are best regarded as con- sisting of plessite, which as a rule is composed of intimately inter- grown kamacite and taenite. We may therefore regard this iron as being in certain ways analogous to that from Butler, Bates Co. Both irons agree in having an unusually large proportion of plessite, but they differ in structure and in arrangement of their lamelle. In the Butler iron these are fairly evenly distributed, but in that from Bethany they are sometimes normally distributed, and sometimes entirely wanting over considerable areas. In spite of such analogy, however, the Bethany iron has a structure peculiar to itself, and Professor Berwerth informs me that even in the almost exhaustive collection of the Vienna Museum there is not one iron that can be directly compared with it. The slices examined show few accessory constituents, and those found are of small size. I have observed only fifteen troilite inclu- sions, all of elongated shape, and with boundaries which are rather irregular, and occasionally finely zigzag. Their length varies from 4 to 8 mm., and their breadth from 1 to 1:5 mm. Usually they are surrounded by a zone of kamacite, but in some instances the lamelle are directly in contact with the troilite, a condition which is rather rare. The dark spots on the right in Fig. 2, Plate VIII, are troilite, 28 Annals of the South African Museum. In three places at least I noticed the presence of platy inclusions, 0-1 mm. wide, which have a bluish-black colour and a strong metallic lustre by reflected light. There is no doubt that these are daubréelite. The plates have irregular boundaries, and are orien- tated obliquely to the longest diameter of the troilite. Schreibersite occurs as tiny spangles or little zigzag rods, lying as a rule wedged in between the bars, and in one place it forms a plate- like piece, 7 mm. long. This is perhaps one of the so-called Reichenbach lamelle; that is to say, it lies possibly parallel to a cube face. The small amount of phosphorus in both analyses made, 0:06 per cent., shows that the schreibersite is really only sparingly pre- sent, not that it is merely very indistinct. The accessory constituents are found only in the portions showing numerous lamelle. They are the first to crystallise out, and are followed by the lamella, which group themselves around them. The plessite forms last, and it therefore appears to me that the absence of troilite and schreibersite in those portions that are not lamellar, indicates that they are com- posed of plessite. In order to ascertain if the small glistening scales which lie in these non-lamellar portions are to be regarded as taenite, I had two analyses made by Dr. Fahrenhorst. Table I. gives the composition of one piece, which showed the structure characteristic of a finely lamellar octahedral iron; Table II. that of a piece without lamelle. As these showed no essential © differences, the sparingly occurring accessory constituents were determined only once. Neither piece left any residue in aqua regia. La I.b lke I.d Le I. Il. Amount in grams : ’ , : : : At Waterial asad: | 0:6949 | 6:6202 | 6:2474 | 2°6854 | 6:4652 See 0:6949 91:07 Si ae Loe aoe 91:07 | 92-29 8.18 aa tee aA a 8:18 etal 0°63 Ay ie anit acs 0:63 0°57 Bs 0:028 na Soe Bay 0:03 Be hen 0:010 cae cf 0:01 we bs6 0:018 ee 0:02 0:10 ae aoe ios 0:004 trace ote 0:086 nae 0:04 0:06 ie He 0:06 0:06 100:04 | 100:79 The Meteoric Iron from Bethany, Great Namaqualand. 29 From this we obtain as percentage composition of the nickel- iron :— I. TOL, TRG Fat anna anisnemaen iss sete Oil 2 DPMP sas sctisusassswsiate nes 91°75 INGE watee case ca settee. oi Sea ces seicnsace-iecteseenss 7:65 Cons ete sceusstisswstaensss OsG Ase sscaesesesaecses 0:56 Orb ope peaceaucneraa screen O03 s Heeisseaswatousetoacdeas 0:03 Ore ssuscmen wet -ierestoc sees OlONe see saasennecsneenssnesse 0:01 100-00 100-00 From the amount of nickel and cobalt in the second analysis it follows that the fine scales in the non-lamellar portions are to be regarded as taenite—that is to say, an alloy rich in nickel. Com- parison of the analyses shows that the proportion of this substance present, is in keeping with the appearance of the whole, it being somewhat greater in the parts showing a normal structure than it is elsewhere. Finally, if one calculates from Table I. the mineralogical compo- sition of the piece analysed, the following result is obtained :— ANDKEL AS) Es ohaly. a neue ncaa se sone Cone ROE CEES EReGr Ene AE EA Cor 99°51 SCMveUbersiherieucacwunncsssaiecawn acess setawsiae whee mes 0:39 ID) AUS SLINGS wee ce esecn tance cans sirclesotsineie vere stoine nth seietaelcteinatties 0:05 UMTRROTIEN FS) sats nu Ane BN ae HON BO ROC OCG Hae CRORE DETR oC En ESneon ens 0:04 NB ASWIRGTTC ULC eM ae aCraacisiici ai raare Soke see nec manw ran uisciaaieneines 0:01 100-00 I have here, as formerly, calculated the whole of the chromium obtained in solution as belonging to the daubréelite. Since, how- ever, recent analyses of the Cape of Good Hope and Babbs Mill irons give less sulphur than the formula of daubréelite requires, the correctness of this mode of calculation appears questionable, especially as daubréelite is almost always observed as subsidiary inclusions in troilite, and the latter must always be present in much greater amount than the former. It is possible that the chromium occurs either in another compound also soluble in aqua regia, or that it is alloyed to some extent with the nickel-iron. At the same,time the small amount present makes it of little conse- quence where one includes it. Dr. W. Leick determined the specific gravity from a piece weigh- ing 82:123 grams as 78408 at 185° C. From this the specific gravity of the nickel-iron would be 78502. The chemical composition and specific gravity of this Bethany iron agree well, therefore, with those of other finely lamellar octa- hedral irons.* * Compare Hi. Cohen, Meteoreisen-Studien IV. u. V. Ann. des k.k, naturhist, Hofmuseums, 1895, x. 90-91, und 1897, xii. 44-45, 2 dy tM CSU eee iad fete eel ey se MIT EXPLANATION OF PLATES. Puates Vi. and VII.—Two views of the Bethany iron from opposite sides. The smooth surface in Plate VI. is where the Challenger people removed the piece in London. The piece now cut off was taken parallel to this surface. (See p. 24.) PuatEe VIII., Figs. 1 and 2.—Polished and etched surfaces of the iron. (See pp. 24-27.) Pruate IX., Figs. 1 and 2.—Enlarged views of parts of the polished and etched surfaces. (See pp. 25-26.) RG, “hie er eal 1) Fee es [iat AAIA, S, Aine, Mins, Woll, U0. Pil, Wl Bethany (Great Namaland) Meteorite. 9/30 nat. size. 4 eet Ur are vei Nige eee) 2S alee natty PP Lees? AA, 1 § a ( i " ee, ya! ‘ =F r ee) res . fi] my Dhaest ike WAUL. JAIMIO)s Sie PAGES IIIS, WKOMLS UL, Bethany (Great Namaland) Meteorite. Yis9 nat. size. AAA, Si, Avge, MGCIS.) Waal, JOC, JPL, WALL JT G|. St Bethany (Great Namaland) Meteorite. Fig. 1 nat. size; Fig. 25/4 nal. size, JPM. OX, ATA, SS, Avie, Mrs, Well, JBL Bethany (Great Namaland) Meteorite. 61/5 nat. size. Nf Mit ite! SiGe oie fia a, an IV.—The Moths of South Africa (Part I.)—By Sim G. F. Hampson, Bart., B.A., F.Z.8., &e. Sout Arrica is the oldest British possession of any considerable size of which no list of the Moths, or Lepidoptera Phalene, has ever been published, and as there are now a considerable number of collectors in various parts of the territories, and a large number of species have accumulated in collections, I think it is time that some- thing was done to increase the literature so as to bring our knowledge of the subject to nearer the level of that of the Butterflies, as given in Mr. Roland Trimen’s most excellent work, and the many other papers written on them. Beyond a few scattered descriptions and figures almost our only sources of information are the figures in Felder’s Reise Novare, the descriptions in Zeller’s Microlepidoptera Caffrarum, and Wallengren’s and Aurivillius’ papers, so that the subject may fairly be said to be almost a virgin one. The geographical limits I propose to assign to South Africa for the present purpose are on the north the Zambesi and the southern ‘boundary of Angola. On the west this will form a natural division, being approximately the limits of the arid and humid zones, but on the east the Zambesi forms no zoological boundary, and the fauna is continuous with that of Hast Africa, extending on the west to the great Lakes and the Great Rift Valley, and on the north again continuous with the fauna of Arabia, Persia, and North-West India. The three families dealt with in this first paper are the Syntomide, Arctiade, and Agaristide, forming the upper part of the great branch of the Phalene, with vein 5 of the forewing approximated to the lower angle of the cell, in the Syntomide@ vein 8 of the hindwing being absent, in the Arctvade coincident with the cell to near or to beyond middle, and in the Agaristid@ arising free then anastomosing 4 34 Annals of the South African Musewm. shortly with the cell, this last family being only distinguishable from the first sub-family of Noctwide by the antenne being dilated towards extremity in correlation with day-flying habits. The principal collectors of moths in South Africa whose material will form the basis of these papers have been—in Mashonaland, Mr. Guy A. K. Marshall, who has sent several very fine collections to the British Museum ; in Matabeleland, Mr. F. Oates, whose collec- tion, described in his volume, is now in the Oxford Museum ; in the N’Gamiland country, Dr. Anderson and Colonel F. D. Lugard; in the Transvaal, Mr. W. lL. Distant, whose collection has been described by himself in his ‘Naturalist in the Transvaal’ and various papers, and will be more thoroughly worked out in a volume now in hand, who has kindly lent me any specimens I required for examination; at Delagoa Bay, Mrs. Monteiro; in Natal, at Kark- loof, Mr. G. A. K. Marshall; at Ladysmith, Colonel G. Fawcett, oth Lancers ; at Estcourt, Mr. J. M. Hutchinson; in the coast belt near Durban, Mr. D. Gooch, Colonel Bowker, Mr. C. W. Barker, whose collection, recently presented to the Oxford Museum, has been lent me by Professor Poulton, and Herr Gueinzius, of Leipsic ; in the interior of Cape Colony, Dr., afterwards Sir C. Smith ; in the Transkei and Eastern district, Miss F. Barrett, whose brother, Mr. G. C. Barrett, has most kindly given me anything required from the collections she has been sending him for many years; and at Knysna and Cape Town, Mr. Roland Trimen, F.R.S., till lately Director of the South African Museum, from whose collections came. the species figured by Felder in the Reise Novare, which are now in the collection of the Hon. Walter Rothschild; whilst Mr. W. L. Sclater, the present Director of the Museum, has most kindly sub- mitted to me all the material at his disposal, and Professor Auri- villius, of Stockholm, has been good enough to send me for examina- tion many of the types of species described by Wallengren from South Africa. Further collections from all parts of the country are, however, much wanted, and if sent to me at the British Museum (Natural History), with a number on each species, a list of identifications would be sent in return. The only references given are the original reference, those that refer to forms described from South Africa and to a good figure of the insect. As coloured figures of all the species in this paper which have not been figured before are given in the first three volumes of the Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., no plates are necessary to illustrate this paper, The Moths of South Africa. 39 but it is hoped that-in succeeding papers coloured figures of many species will be given. A (*) before the name of a species indicates that the species is not in the British Museum. Faminy SYNTOMIDZ. Key to the Genera. A. Hindwing with veins 6, 7 coincident. a. Hindwing with vein 4 absent. a@. Hindwing with vein 3 absent. a?. Thorax clothed with long hair below .. .. .. Hutomvs. b?. Thorax smoothly scaled below .. .. .. .. «. Ceryz. bt. Hindwing with vein 3 present. a?. Hindwing with vein 5 from lower angle of cell or stalked with 3. a3, Forewing with vein 9 absent. a+, Forewing with veins 4, 5 stalked .. .. Pseudonacha b+. Forewing with veins 4,5fromcell .. .. Psichotoé. 63, Forewing with vein 9 present. a+, Forewing with vein 3 from close to angle of @allle 4. ® ewallkegl 45 oe! 45 on 50 co YMRIebo@. 64. Forewing with vein 3 from well before angle of cell; 4, 5 usually from cell. : a5. Forewing with vein 11 stalked with 7, 8, 9, 10 Bath tennis oi datas Gorey DOG MVLONLISE 65, Forewing with vein 11 from the cell .. Hpitozis. b?. Hindwing with vein 5 from well above angle of cell Apisa. b, Hindwing with vein 4 present. at. Head, thorax, and abdomen smoothly scaled sa ono LUROIRAIOSs bt. Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with rough hair.. Metarctia. B, Hindwing with veins 6, 7 not coincident .. .. .. .. .. Huchromia. Genus PSICHOTOH. Type. Psichotoé, Boisd. Mon. Zyg. p. 129 (1829)... duvauceli. (1)*PstcHorokr GnatuLA, Boisd. Voy. Delegorgue, ii. p. 596 (1847). Cacosomea naclioides, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 102, f. 13 (1874). Hab, Transvaal; Natal, Malvern; Cape Colony. zp. 16 mill. Genus EUTOMIS. Type. Hutonis, Hubn. Verz. p. 122 (1827) ... ... minceus. (1) Euromis minceEvs, Stoll. Pap. Exot. iv. pl. 347, A (1782). Hab, Cape Colony (Trimen). Hap. 42 mill. 36 Annals of the South African Museum. Genus CHRYX. Type. Ceryx, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vi. pe 4O\(1863) 7 2-. =e ee. ee ee aChnacorormse Sect. I. Antenne dilated from middle to near extremity. (1)*CERYX ANTHRACIFORMIS, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 40 (1860). Naclia fuscicornis, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 40 (1860). » pygmula, Oberth. Et. Ent. iii. p. 33, pl. 3, £. 6 (1878). Hab. Cape Colony. Hap. 24 mill. Sect. II. Antenne not dilated. A. Abdomen with yellow bands on fourth, fifth, and sixth segments resecta. B. Abdomen with white basal and subterminal bands .. .. .. toxotes. C. Abdomen with dorsal white spot at base .. .. .. .. .«. Jlongipes. (2)*CuryYx RESECTA, Herr Schaff. Aussereur. Schmett. f. 269 (1850). Hab. §, Africa. Hap, 34 mill. (3) Ceryx roxotes, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. i. p. 45, pl. 1, ii, 1) (USES) Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 26 mill. (4) Ceryx Lonaipes, Herr Schiff. Aussereur. Schmett. f. 273 (1855). Syntomis caryocatactes, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv, p. 39 (1860). Hab, Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Hap. 30 mill. Genus TRICHATA. Type. Tricheta, Swinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon, O21 (USO2) aa sein ects esis ce ene em CCU OMITIIS Sect. I. Hindwing with veins 3, 5 on a long stalk, forewing of male with a fold above vein 5, the termen deeply indented at its extremity, (1) TricH@TA PreRoPHORINA, Mab. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1892, p. 139. id. Noy. Lep. pl. 21, f. 7. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal (Spiller). Hp, 20 mill. Sect. II. Hindwing with veins 3, 5 from cell or shortly stalked; fore- wing of male normal. (2) TRICHHTA FULVESCENS, WIk. 1. 132 (1854), Butl. I. Het. B.M. Hy TOs LEMS Tally Zhe sic, A The Moths of South Africa. 37 Thyretes caffraria, Herr Schaff. Aussereur. Schmett. i. f. 271 (1855). Nacha thyretiformis, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 40 (1860). Syntonuis molanna, Wllgrn. éfv. Vet. Akad. Forh. xxxii. (1) p. 94 (1876). Hab. Congo; Natal (Gooch, Hutchinson); Cape Colony (Smith). Hzp, 24-26 mill. Genus SYNTOMIS. Type. Syntomis, Ochs. Hur. Schmett. ii. p. 103 (1808) phegea. Sect. I. Antenne of male serrate. (1) Synromis arricornis, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 139 (1863). Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. i. p. 75, pl. 3, f. 2. Syntomis sirius, Dist. A.M.N.H. (6) xx. p. 15 (1897). Hab. Mashonaland (Marshall); Transvaal (Distant); Cape Colony. Hxp. 22 mill. Sect. II. Antenne of male simple. A. Abdomen with the markings scarlet. a. Abdomen with basal scarlet oe and lateral series of three spots .. . 2 s- =. Kuhlwemi: b. Abdomen with peel peanlet patel Pad ‘amas on third, fourth; and fifth segments!) 2. 92. 3.0 -. =o. -- =. cerbera. B. Abdomen with three orange bands .. .. .. .. .. «- Johanna. C. Abdomen with lateral series of orange poe 26 -- ». simplex. D. Abdomen with white bands on first and fifth seraeneatts .. rendallr. (2) Syntomis KuHLWEINI, Lef. Mag. Zool. Ins. pl. 23 (1831). Buitl. JIE Leip, JE IME, fe, AG, yoll, (©, a. ALL Syntomis natalu, Boisd. Delegorgue Voy. Afr. Austr. il. p. 596 (1847). Hab. Natal (Trimen, Gueinzius); Cape Colony. Hap. 30-38 mill. (3) Synromis cERBERA, Linn. Mus. Ulr. p. 363 (1764). Drury Il. Ex. Ent. i. pl. 26, f.2. Cram. Pap. Exot. i. pl. 83 F. Syntomis fantasia, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. xii. p. 349 (1876). Syntomis francisca, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. xii. p. 349 (1876). 38 Annals of the South African Museum. Syntoms curtiplaga, Mab. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6) x. p. 35 (1890). Hab. West Africa; Delagoa Bay (Monteiro); Zululand; Natal (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony. Hzp. g 32, 9 38 mill. (4) Sywromis soHanna, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. xii. p. 348 (1876). Syntonis anna, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soe. Zool. xii. p. 348 (1876). Hab. Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen). Hzp. 32 mill. (5) Synromis stmpiEx, WIk. i. 129 (1854), Butl. Ill. Het. i. p. 15, Tolle @5 ii TLL Syntomis nostalis, Wik. 1. 129 (1854). corvus, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 39 (1860). - monedula, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 39 (1860). Hab. Natal (Gooch, Gueinzius). Hzxp. 30-34 mill. 3? (6)*SYNTOMIS RENDALLI, Dist. A.M.N.H. (6) xx. p. 16 (1897), Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. i. p. 112, pl. 4, f. 23. Hab. Transvaal (Distant). Hap. 20-22 mill. Syntomis polydamon, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii. pl. 237 B (1780), was described from Cape Colony, but the figure almost agrees with a common Australian species, and nothing like it is known from South Africa. Genus EPITOXIS. Type. Eipitocis, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. ome dbpis) (GUS) gaa fos nee; chal sco noe CMGI. Epriroxis aAMAZOULA, Boisd. Voy. Delegorgue, il. p. 597 (1847), Herr Schaff. Aussereur. Schmett. f. 272. Hab. Natal, D’Urban (Trimen), Newcastle, Estcourt (Hutchin- son). Hap. 38 mill. Genus PSEUDONACLIA. Type. Pseudonaclhia, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soe. Zool. xi. [Oe GIL (HUSKIE) 9 Ses Acs Bost! Guo" bed ea ad GRIND. PSEUDONACTIA PUELLA, Boisd. Voy. Delegorgue, ii. p. 596 (1847). Hab, Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro); Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal (Gooch). Hap. 3 22, 2 30 mill, The Moths of South Africa. 39 Genus THYRETES. Type. Thyretes, Boisd. Voy. Tee ilps, O80 (GUSMETO) S cgda SeS eae We ees Pie A I 100) UOTE Sect. 1. Build stout ; frons with large tuft of hair; femora and tibie fringed with long hair. A. Wings with the markings hyaline... .. .. .. .. .. -. /ippotes. Ba Wines with the markimes yellow <2 2... .. .. ww. =. montana. (1) THYRETES nippotss, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii. p. 286 A (1780). Hab. Cape Colony (Trimen). Exp. g 36, 2 50 mill. (2)*THYRETES MONTANA, Boisd. Voy. Delegorgue, ii. p. 597 (1847). Hab. Zululand; Cape Colony. Hap. 34 mill. Sect. II. Build slender; frons nearly smooth ; femora and tibie slightly fringed with hair. (3) THyRETES CAFFRA, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 1388 (1863). Hab. Delagoa Bay (Junot); Cape Colony (Drége). Exp. 3 38, @ 42 mill. Genus APISA. Type. AlimNSGI,,. NNR, tye SHUG (USS) ger) ons Bae ans UONATAS. APISA CANESCENS, WIk. iv. 917 (1855). Psychotée pallota, Plotz. Stett. Ent. Zeit. xli. p. 78 (1880). Apisa cinereo-costata, Holland, Psyche, vi. p. 394 (1893). ,», cand, Holland, Psyche, vi. p. 394 (1893). Hab, Kast and West Africa; Natal (Gueinzius, Hutchinson). Hap. § 32-42, 9 38-64 mill. Genus METARCTIA. Type. Metarctia, Wik. ili. 769 (1855)... sw...) rusfescens. - Coloma orningeatsl Gy 6 65 oo «an oo on on oo wee Vohra . Colour pale reddish and aseare 3D 80 80° 00 90 00 oo PUHOSAZIS: . Colour fulvous and fuscous. a. Wings fulvous yellow, the interspaces of forewing and costal area of hindwing fuscous; head and abdomen mostly Gains oIy A -s s e: “beh Bois! Se! 86! Se SY iss Guan (ois 6. Wings fuscous; forewing with a costal fascia and the cilia fulvous .. . - meteus. c. Wings lore sale. aightly eed vai asco, the VEUASMUSCOUS epee) kis 5G 450 90 on 00,00 60 ~GRUSTA- QW > 40 Annals of the South African Museum. (1) Merarctia taTERITIA, Herr Schiaff. Aussereur. Schmett. f. 274 (1855) Anace rubra, W1k. vii. 1720 (1856). Hebena venosa, Wilk. vii. 1723 (1856). Hexaneura cimnamomea, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 164 (1860). Automolis unicolor, Oberth. Ann. Mus. Genova xv. p. 186 (1880). Automolis helleni, Snell. Notes, Leyd. Mus. viii. p. 1 (1886), id. AbgGl, we Java, SOxibx, TO, ZOE vole Gis 2i, IL Hab. Galla Country; Nyasaland; Natal (Gooch, Gueinzius, Marshall); Bechuanaland (Sir C. Metcalf); Cape Colony. Hap. 44-60 mill. (2) Merarctia RUFESCENS, WIk. iii. 769 (1855), Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. leaky ly ABIES aly oy IIZES)S Tolly toyy nie (oy Hexanewra maculifera, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 164 (1860). Metarctia paremphares, Holland, Psyche, vi. p. 395 (1893). — Hab. West Africa; Natal (Gueinzius) ; Cape Colony (Trimen). Hap. 34-42 mill. ~~ (3) METARCTIA FLAVIVENA, 0. sp. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen crimson; antenne, tegule except edges, patagia, stripes on thorax, and the greater part of legs. black; abdomen with slight segmental black lines, one on terminal segment more prominent, the ventral surface yellow with black bands. Forewing fuscous-black, the veins costa, inner margin and cilia yellow. Hindwing yellow with fuscous fascia on costal area ; some crimson hair at base of inner margin. @. Abdomen with the black bands rather more prominent; hind- wing with the interspaces of costal half suffused with black. Hab. British East Africa, Machakos (Crawshay) ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. g 42, ? 46 mill. (4) MerarctiA METEUS, Stoll. Pap. Exot. iv. p. 347 B (1782). Decinia bicolora, Wik. vii. 1718 (1856). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall); Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Knysna (Trimen). Hap. 44 mill. (5) Merarctia crassa, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 99, f. 16 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony (Drege). Hxp. 42 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 41 Genus HUCHROMIA. Type. Huchromia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 121 (1827)... ... sperchia. A. Tegule and patagiadarkred .. .. .. .. .. .. «. .. amend. PB Seoulerblackeamd pluer ss" Seen ansehen 8 MOS) hoe. , formosa. (1) Huchromia am@ya, Méschl. Stett. Ent. Zeit. xxxiii. p. 350 (1872), Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. p. 295, pl. 11, £. 2. Huchromia africana, Butl. Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. xii. p. 364 (1876). Hab. British East Africa; Delagoa Bay (Monteiro) ; Zululand ; Natal. Hxp. 46-54 mill. (2) Euchrom1a Formosa, Guér, Icon. R. Anim. Ins. p. 501, pl. 84 bro., f. 10 (1829), Boisd. Fauna Madag. p. 82, pl. 11, f. 3. Glaucopis folletu, Gray, Griff. Anim. Kingd. xy. Tole LAO) ai, 10) (1833). Hab. British East Africa; Madagascar; Natal (Burrows, Mar- shall) ; Cape Colony Gemeny Hap. 54-58 mill. Faminty ARCTIADZ, Key to the Sub-Families. A. Ocelli absent. a. Forewing with raised tufts of scales... .. .. .. .. «. Noline. 6. Forewing without raised tufts of scales .. .. .. .. .. Lithosiane. Bm Ocellignresente ese wa) Ge Se wer cua wo ee ee eet eS AR eante. Sus-Faminy NOLINZA. Key to the Genera. A. Forewing with veins 9, 10 absent .. LMCI C.CLOLTILCLS B. Forewing with vein 9 absent, 10 solid wien fits 8 Sepeterh aise Pare. VOLO. Genus CHLAMA. Type. Celama, W1k. xxxii. 500 (1864) ... ... ... difascialis. Aradrapha, Wik. xxxiv. 1182 (1865) .... ... tineoides. ie ee Trans. Ent. Soe. “1889, tO Senet eee eon ne ess eh siete, vail. BMOoUES 49 Annals of the South African Musewm. Sect. I. (Hpizeuctis). Hindwing of male with patch of rough scales on underside at tornus. (1) CrnaMA INTERNELLA, WIk. xxxi. p. 245 (1864). Reselia pascua, Swinh. P.Z.S. 1883, p. 293, pl. 20, f. 6. Hab. Natal (Burrows); Formosa; India; Ceylon; Borneo; New Guinea; New South Wales. Hzp. 16-18 mill. Sect. II. (Aradrapha). Hindwing of male without patch of rough scales on underside at tornus. A. Forewing with the postmedial line strongly excurved from below costa to vein3.. . os os ee ee §=6mMeridionalis. B. Forewing with the sasimaedtall iti ailhams seh Jes in etter EUIEOLGESS (2) CELAMA MERIDIONALIS, Wllgrn. Gifv. Vet. Akad. Forh. xxxii. (1), De BY (Sy). Hab. Transvaal (Distant). Hap. 20 mill. (3) CELAMA TINEOIDES, WIk. xii. 824 (1857). Aradrapha partitalis, Wik. xxxiv. 1182 (1865). Nola caffra, Wllgrn. GAiv. Vet. Akad. Forh. xxxii. (1) p. 100 (1876). Hab. Transvaal; Natal (Gueinzius); Cape Colony (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 16 mill. Genus NOLA. Type. Nola, Leach, Edinb. Ge 1S, Os ISIS) (1815) seu ches Busts j . ... cucullatetla. (1) Nous prarica, Saalm. Lep. Madag. i. p. 174, pl. 5, f. 57 (1884). Hab. Madagascar; Natal, Karkloof (Marshall) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. Sus-Famity LITHOSIAN., Key to the Genera. A. Forewing with vein 5 absent. a. Forewing with vein 4 absent. a. Hindwing with veins 3,4 coincident .. .. .. .. Lepista. bt. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 stalked. a?, Forewing with vein 2 from near angle of cell.. .. Sozusa. b?. Forewing with vein 2 from middle of cell, curved at FRG cated cee uo inal ocblag! oo, Log. 65 =ppoe eUllonyor, The Moths of South Africa. 43 b. Forewing with vein 4 present. a*. Forewing with vein 7 from 8 beyond 9. a’. Forewing with vein 2 curved at base MOMVEGin Ge, ToCRRUSs bes Hoxemine watever 2robliqnel 8 )s.'t42 ..° .. Paeiolar: 6%. Forewing with vein 7 from 8 before 9. aq Horewine withivein Qlabsent) ©... 2) 94 «+ .. Ctenosia: 6, Forewing with vein 9 present. a3, Forewing with vein 2 from towards end of cell, oblique. a+. Hindwing with vein 6 stalked with 7.. .. Phr yganopsis. b4. tinting with vein 6 from the cell .. .. Aypagoptera. 63, Forewing wie vein 2 from middle of cell, curved AAS C Rese ba) | egies tee em LTTE Ts B_ Forewing with vein 5 present. Tati with vein 5 absent, coincident with 4. . Forewing with vein 9 stalked with 5 Bo So esTameeZ@SLCOSTOE = Foneriae with vein 9 from 10 Fastomosine with 8 to form the areole. Gu a’. Forewing with vein 5 stalked with 4. a3. Forewing with vein 8 stalked with 4,5 .. .. Lamprosia. 63. Forewing with vein 3from thecell .. .. .. Lysceia. 6?. Forewing with vein 5 fromthe cell .. .. .. .. Carcinopodia. Forewing with veins 6,7, and 8,9stalked .. .. .. Hugoa. 6 Hindwing with vein 5 present. a*. Forewing with vein 9 stalked with 7, 8 or absent. a. Forewing with vein 7 from 8 after 9. a3. Proboscis aborted; foreleg with tibial claws .. Aglossosia. 63, eaepess present ; foreleg without tibial claws. . Hindwing with vein 5 obsolescent from just below angle of discocellulars.. .. .. .. Chionema. b+. Hindwing with vein 5 fully dessovedl from well below angle of discocellulars. Gz walipinnpiuEned sry wae Wen) | Sale. Seccia: 65. Palpi porrect .. .. == «. HUrosia. b?. Forewing with vein 7 from 8 before 9, or 9 absent. a. Etialvine with veins 3, 4 stalked or coincident Xanthetis. 63. Eine with vein 3 from or from close to angle of cell. a+. Forewing with vein 11 anastomosing with 12 Aswra. b+. Forewing with vein 11 free .. .. .. .. Méiltochrista. 3. Hindwing with vein 3 from well before angle of Cell ya amer. -. .. .. Paurophleps. . Forewing with veins 1, 8, Dal 9, “10 siellged See itlenona. _ Hosectine with vein 9 hom 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. a?, Hindwing with veins 8,4 stalked .. .. .. .. Caripodia. 6?. Hindwing with veins 3,4fromecell .. .. .. .. Diplonyz. Genus LEPISTA. Type. Lepisia, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 146 GUISES) oc ces. Pees -- +. pandiula. Dyphlebia, Feld. Tafsicl Nov, p. ad (1874) .-. pandula, 44 Annals of the South African Museum. A. Forewing orange with terminal black band.. .. .. .. pandula. B. Forewing leaden grey with orange costal fascia... .. .. semuochracea. 1) Lepista PANDULA, Boisd. Delagorgue, Voy. Afr. Austr. ii. p. 597 (1847). Dyphiebia trimenn, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 106, f. 32. . limbata, Butl. P.Z.S. 1888, p. 98. Hab. East Africa; British Central Africa; Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro); Natal, Karkloof, Malvern (Marshall); Cape Colony. Hzp. 26 mill. (2) Lepista semiocHRAckA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 106, f. 31 (1874). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall); Cape Colony. Hap. 22 mill. Genus LEXIS. Type. Lexis, Wllgrn. Vet. Akad. Handl. (2) 5 (4) os 4s SGo) ee ee ee eOU DIC LIge nas LEXIS BIPUNCTIGERA, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 45 (1860). Setina quadrinotata, Wk. xxxi. 237 (1864). Hab. British East Africa; Natal (Gueinzius). Hap. 30 mill. Genus PUSIOLA. Type. Pustola, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 146 (GUSIOS) ES S50 tes nc eed cs ccc ose ann JUOOUGOSUC. PustioLa FLAVICosTA, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 45 (1860). Hab. Cape Colony. Hzp. 20 mill. Genus PHRYGANOPSIS. Type. Phryganopsis, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 120 (1900) 265 400 ope Gon, one, ChAT A. Forewing with postmedial black spot on costa nie) eve emeaspenareune B. Forewing without costal spot .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cinerella. (1) Phryganopsis asperatella, Wik. xxxi. 231 (1864). + sordida, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 106, f. 30 (1874). Hab. River Niger; Cape Colony, Fort Pitt (Dr. Smith), Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24-36 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 45 (2) PHRYGANOPSIS CINERELLA, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iy. p. 45 (1860), Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 120, pl. 21, f. 11. Pusiola zelleri, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 147 (1868). Hab. River Niger ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro) ; Natal (Gueinzius) ; Cape Colony, Ann- shaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 20 mill. Genus SOZUSA. Type. Sozusa, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 146 (USE) ese Getibn. Seb ee bak don ASS an) CONT SOZUSA SCUTELLATA, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 45 (1860). Lithosia aorsoglauca, Wik. xxxi. 225 (1864). - natalica, Moschl. Stett. Ent. Zeit. xxxiii. p. 354 (1872). Hab, Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hap. 32-36 mill. Genus MACROSIA. Type. Macrosia, Hmpsn. Cat. =o Phal. B.M. ii. p. LAG) (SOO) SRS Mes een Misa asses aAeen Came ly Mia 7 01m Macrosia FuMEoLA, WIk. ii. 508 (1854). Hab. Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen), Annshaw (Miss Barrett). Hxp. 42 mill. Genus CTENOSIA. Tyne. Ctenosia, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. ees CHO) wee ose sn een cnsectrimhora: CTENOSIA PsECTRIPHORA, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) iii. p. 462 (1899). Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant). Hap. 36 mill. Genus ILEMA. Type. Fiilema, Hiibn. Vuz. p. 165 (1827)... ... caniola. Manulea, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 40 (1863)... 2... we gracilipennis. Sect. I, Antenne of male bipectinate, with short stiff branches. (1) Inema Brrascrata, Hmpsn, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 131 (1900). Hab, Delagoa Bay (H. Junod); Transvaal, Johannesburg (Ross); Cape Colony. Hzp. 22 mill. 46 Annals of the South African Museum. Sect. II. Antenne of male serrate, with fascicles of long cilia and bristles, (2) Inema PHaoPERA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 131 (1900). Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 30 mill. Sect. III. Antenne of males ciliated. A. Forewing with postmedial black band angled ae the cell goniophora. B. Forewing with postmedial black spot on costa... .. .. tetrasticta. C. Forewing without postmedial black spot on costa. a. Forewing with black band on terminal area Selo teisyy wisi eLEg aus: b. Forewing without terminal black band. a*. Forewing with yellow or orange costal fascia.° a*. Hindwing orange with the costal half blackish .. sarceola. b?. Hindwing orange with black suffusion at base .. arculifera. c?, Hindwing without black suffusion on costal or basal areas. a3, Forewing dark grey 56 00 00 of 00 oo CNODFEGd 63. Forewing very pale grey 55 90 oo on oo WinoKonhynAOs 6%. Forewing without costal fascia. a?, Wings ochreous. a3. Forewing with a dark discoidal point -. .- discifera, 63. Forewing without discoidal point .. .. .. monochroma. (Cre NANOS TORUS WON) AB ne 68 56 60 Go ce so Gunilla, (3) InemMA GonropHorA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 154, pl. 22, £. 4 (1900). Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 32 mill. (4) Inema BipuNncTA, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett. ff. 286, 287 (1818). Lnthosia colon, Moschl. Stett. Ent. Zeit. xxxii. p. 353 (1872). Hab. Spain; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony, Ann- shaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hxp. 36 mill. (5) [nema ELEGANS, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 347, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 158, pl. 22, f. 7. Hab. Abyssinia; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hzp. 26 mill. (6) Inema sarceoLa, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 162, pl. 22, f. 23 (1900). Hab. Cape Colony (Mathew). H#zp. 36 mill. (7) Inema ARCULIFERA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 106, f. 33 (1874). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall) ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 26 mill. (8) Inema vicaria, W1k. ii. 505 (1854). Hab. Old Calabar; Congo; Natal, Durban (Bowker) ; China; India; Ceylon; Borneo; Java. Huxp. 26-34 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 47 (9) InemMa GRAcILLIPENNIS, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 45 (1860) Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 166, pl. 22, f. 20. Manulea planissima, Wligrn. Gifv. Vet. Akad. Forh. xxxii. (1) p. 100 (1876). Hab. Transvaal; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hp. 36 mill. (10) Inema pisciFERA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 171 (1900). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Hp. 30 mill. (11) In=ma mMonocHRoma, Holl. Psyche, vi. p. 411 (1893), Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 171, pl. 23, f. 2. Hab. Sierra Leone; Ogové River ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F, Barrett), Hap. 20 mill. (12) Inema vircinrota, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. i. p. 178, pl. 23, f. 22 (1900). Hab. Cape Colony, Capetown (Kirstenbosch). Hap. 38 mill. Species AUCTORUM. Inthosia heterocera, W1k. xxxi. 226 (1864), OS) WOW cle M BGS ones) hee. obo locos Sone USO MeN HELGE IE Inthosia desperata, Wlk. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3), 1. p. 73 (1862), type lost Pe ee ape: Colony: Genus HYPAGOPTERA. Type. Hypagoptera, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. i. Te LLWIUISIDO)) Skee cote shack AER cer Been WUCOlee HYPAGOPTERA RUFEOLA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 179 (1900). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hap. 32 mill. Genus LAMPROSIA. Type. Lamprosia, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. per et, CLQOO) eee eee nea Piece! suid) cs. visa - CUOTELLO. LAMPROSIA EBORELLA, Boisd. Delagorgue Voy. Afr. Austr. ii. p. 597 (1847). Lamprosia pygmea, Wk. ii. 807 (1854). Hab, Cape Colony, Fort Pitt (Dr. Smith), Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 30-36 mill. 48 Annals of the South African Museum. Genus PASTEOSIA., Type. Pasteosia, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B,M. ii. [Dp CULT? CUO aan mane rea earth se aay Menon ROG. Sect. I. Forewing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked; 10 free. (1) Pastrosta rrporata, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M, ii, p. 218 (1900). Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F, Barrett). Hap. 26 mill. Sect. II. Forewing with vein 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, 7 from beyond 9. (2) Pasreosia PLUMBEA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 218 (1900). Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap, 32 mill, Genus LYSCHIA. Type. - Lysceia, Wik. ii. 541 (1854)... wwe we agua. Lyscria BiguTTA, WIk. ii, 541 (1854). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall) ; Cape Colony, Fort Pitt (Dr. Smith). Hap. 24-26 mill, Genus AGLOSSOSIA. Type. Aglossosia, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 247 (1900) ... ... ... ... ... flavimarginata. AGLOSSOSIA FLAVIMARGINATA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 247 (1900). Hab. Natal, Mooi River, Neweastle. Hap. 34 mill. Genus CARIPODIA. Caripodia, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M, ii. p. 248 (1900). CARIPODIA CHRYSARGYRIA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 248 (1900). . Hab. Tanganika; Nyasa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 24-36 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 4g Genus DIPLONYX. Diplonyx, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 249 (1900). DipLonyx 1nFumATA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 249 (1900). | Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Exp. 34 mill. Genus CARCINOPODIA. Type. Carcinopodia, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. iu. p. 249 900) ... ... ... ... furcifasciata. CARCINOPODIA ARGENTATA, Distant, A.M.N.H. G)iscerpy 1199 (1897), Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 250, pl. 25, f. 18. Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant). Hxp. 42 mill. Genus CHIONAIMA. Type. Chionema, Herr Schaff. Aussereur. Schmett. IDs AO (USI) See cco. che ace sou Mae) Ban acrlen AVPHlorewinewithiscanlep limes 24 co. So) --% aco pretorie. B. Forewing with blackish lines BO 50.596 50 55 56 56 3 MnO a. C. Forewing without lines .. rejecta. (1) Cuiona=ma pretorr#, Distant, A.M.N.H. (6) xx. p. 198 (1897), Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 324, pl. 27, £. 24. Hab. Transvaal (Distant); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hap. 34 mill. (2) CHIONZMA MARSHALLI, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 325, pl. 27, £. 26 (1900). fab. Natal, Malvern (Marshall), Estcourt (Hutchinson). Exp. 26 mill. (3) CHIoN=MA REJECTA, WIk. ii. 521 (1854), Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. JeloE 1s. Mil ih, to, B15, yolk Cini OEY Hab. Sierra Leone; Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Hap. 28 mill. Grenus EUROSIA. Type. Hurosia, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p30 (1900) ee 2s. ee Ged so trimaculata. Hvrosia Lineata, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 331, pl. 27, f. 19 (1900). Hiab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hxp. 2 20 mill. 3) 30 Annals of the South African Museum. Genus SICCIA. Type. Siecia, Wilke i639 (U804) 7s so Se SCOT: Melania, be Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 140 GUSOS) eee. tat: Meee) anal 1 Bae Cesea) aceon meer IG A. Forewing with the postmedial line very strongly angled inwards in submedian fold .. .. COTO B. Forewing with the postmedial line Tenis rela sranpenle AMesuibinediam Ol duieweewe ye) eel a is isk) Sereueielon SDUUILGLIDEIUIISS (1) Srccta carFrra, WIk. ii. 539 (1854). Inthosia nigropunctata, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 46 (1860). Melania punctigera, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 106, f£. 34, 35 (1874). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen). Hap. 20-24 mill. (2) SICCIA PUNCTIPENNIS, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 46 (1860). Autoceras ngropunctana, Saalm. Lep. Madag. i. p. 169, pl. 7, f. 103 (1884). Hab. Madagascar; British East Africa; Cape Colony. Hap 18 mill. Species AUCTORUM. Lithosia pustulata, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mom sive pe 61860) eet ees es TOOL eAIIea: Genus XANTHETIS. Type. Xanthetis, aouer Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. Pi IARWQOO) Tess cee tease pec ee aRUO CE XANTHETIS ICHORINA, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soe. 1877, p. 345, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 415, pl. 30, f. 10. Hab. Natal (Gueinzius). Hap. 20 mill. | Genus ASURA. Type. Asura, Wik. 11. 484 (1854) ... ..° ... ... cervicalis. A. Forewing with the postmedial line highly dentate... .. .. fulvia. B. Forewing with the postmedial line not dentate ss es -. Sagenaria. (1) Asura FuLVIA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M.1i. p. 439, pl. 30, f. 25 (1900). Hab. Natal, Verulam (Spiller). Hap. 20 mill. The Moths of South Africa. dL (2) AsuRA saGENARIA, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 46 (1860) ; Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 445, pl. 30, f. 17. Barsine natalensis, Wk. xxxi. 250 (1864). Hab. Delagoa Bay (H. Jonod), Natal (Heale), Malvern (Marshall). Hap. g 28, 2 34 mill. Species AUCTORUM. Setina atroradiata, Wk. xxxi. 236 Li type HIS betes cotey Cetus ae cereal ch dc ass. ee datne ee. Genus MILTOCHRISTA. Type. Miltochrista, Hiibn. Verz. p. 166 (1827)... ... miniata. MILTOCHRISTA RIVULOSA, WIk. ii. 540 (1854); Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 479, pel. 32,f.4. . Hab. Natal (Gooch). Hap. 26 mill. Genus PHILENORA. Type. Philenora. Rosenst. A.M.N.H. (5) xvi. p. 382 (@SSo)\ eee undulosa. Sceodora, Ney P. Stan Sag N.S.W. (2) ; Ils 1D Wel (ANSI) Ses a4 as .-. omophanes. Ochrota, Kirby, Cat. oes, p. 352 (1893) ... wnicolor. Bettoma, Butl. P.Z.S. 1898, p. 418 ... ... wumnicolor. Sect. I. Forewing long and narrow. (1) PHILENora BipuNcTA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 508, pl. 33, f. 21 (1900). Hab. Madagascar; Cape Colony, Tolini (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 20-24 mill. Sect. II. -Forewing short and broad. (2) PHILENORA unIcoLoR, Hopff. Monatsber. Akad. Berl. 1857, p. 482; Peter’s Reise Moz. Ins. p. 427, pl. 28, f..1 (1862). Setina quadripunctata, W1k. xxxi. 236 (1864). Inthosia rubriceps, Rogenh. Ann. Nat. Hofmus. vi. p. 463,. pleetor ie Halls (tS91): Bettonia ferruginea, Butl. P.Z.S. 1898, p. 418, pl. 32, f. 5. Hab. Somaliland; British East Africa; Mozambique; Mashona- land, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Weenen; Cape Colony, Bedford (Mansell Weale) ; Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 20-24 mill. 52 Annals of the South African Musewm. Genus PAUROPHLEPS. Type. Plaurophleps, Hmpsn. Cat. oe Phal. B.M. ii. PHOs li lGOO) css 0 se ee a een eG ITE LIU UCN PAUROPHLEPS MiINUTA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 531 (1900). Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 14 mill. Genus EUGOA. Type. JH Mao, NNAUS, sail, (GS) (QUSBN) ese% Bon oho sao | GUNES. EUGOA AFRICANA, Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M. ii. p. 545, pl. 34, f. 2 (1900). | Hab. Cape Colony, Grahamstown (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 22 mill. Sus-Famity ARCTIAN ZA, Key to the Genera. A, Forewing with vein 11 stalked with 10 .. .. .. .. .. Ilemodes. B. Forewing with vein 11 from the cell. a. pees with vein 6 from or from close to upper angle of oak . Forewing with vein 10 stalked with 7, 8, 9. a?. Fore tibizw with curved claw at extremity. a3. Hind tibiee with the medial spurs absent .. .. Amsacta. 63. Hind tibize with the medial spurs present.. .. Hstigmene. b?. Fore tibie without curved claw. a3, Hind tibiee with the medial spurs absent. a4. Head and thorax clothed with rough hair.. Meenas. b4. Head and thorax smoothly sealed -- +. Creatonotus. b3. Hind tibie with the medial spurs present .. .. Dutacrisia. a Forewing with vein 10 from the cell 90 09 Dionychopus. nBeorawing with vein 9 from 10 anastomosing Huh 8 to forma the areole. . Proboscis absent. a3. Fore tibizee with curved claw at extremity; hind tibiee with the medial spurs absent .. .. .. TYevracotona. b3, Fore tibie without curved claw; hind tibize with the medial spurs present. a4, Frons with prominence ending in a point and curved plate below .. .. .. .. .. Procanthia. b4. Frons without prominence .. .. .. .. Antarctia. b?. Proboscis present. a3, Palpi upturned. a. Build stout oo 60 99 co oo oo oo Jalonelanaairia. (ok, TByundkel silemeleye == 5 bo 0 CSS INDIA The Moths of South Africa. 53 b3, Palpi porrect. a+. Palpi short; frons with rounded prominence Grammarctia. 64. Palpi long and downturned; frons without prominence ob 66) “dp sen | obs So WEE. NSCECIUO) b. Forewing with vein 6 from middle of discocellulars .. .. Psycharwwm. Genus ILEMODHS, nov. Type I. heterogyna. Proboscis fully developed; palpi porrect to just beyond frons ; antennee of male bipectinate, of female with bristles and cilia; tibie with the spurs moderate. Forewing rather long and narrow: vein 3 from close to angle of cell; 4,5 from angle; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked; 11 free. Hindwing with vein 3 from angle of cell; 4, 5 stalked; 6, 7 stalked; 8 from before middle of cell. ILEMODES HETEROGYNA, 0. sp. 3g. Head and thorax white, frons orange, palpi at tips and antennz brown ; fore tibize and tarsi brown above ; pro- and meta- thorax with pairs of black spots; abdomen orange-yellow. Fore- wing ochreous, thickly irrorated with purplish brown; a black discoidal point; a white fascia on inner margin extending up to vein 1. Hindwing orange-yellow with black discoidal spot. @. Forewing silvery white with black discoidal points and black- brown fascia above vein 1. Hab. Natal (Heale); Cape Colony, East London (Borchards). Hap. 40 mill. Genus AMSACTA. Type. Amsacia, WlIk. iv. 804 (1855) ... ... ... marginalis. Acantharctia, Auriv. Ent. Tidskr. 1899, Ron ale rage Mente Br cree Leo R Mace sc uation « UUUEO: A. Forewing with more or less developed streaks in submedian pias! Ghia iol} G4 bn) oe te 6b Ce Se 6 ae Clan B. Forewing without black streaks .. .. .. .. .. .. .. flavicosta. (1) Amsacta virrata, Auriv. Ent. Tidskr. 1899, p. 242. Hab. Bechuanaland; Natal, Weenen. zp. 40 mill. (2) AMSACTA FLAVICOSTA, 0. sp. 3. Head orange ; palpi black above ; antennz with the branches black ; thorax white, the tegule and patagia edged with yellow; tibiz and tarsi fuscous above; abdomen orange with dorsal black bands and lateral series of points. Forewing white, the costal area and cilia orange. Hindwing white, the cilia orange at apex. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 38 mill. o4 Annals of the South African Museum. Genus ESTIGMENE. Type. Hstigmene, Hiibn. Verz. p. 184 (1827) ... ... acrea. A. Forewing bright lemon yellow. a. Forewing with black streaks on the veins .. .. .. Jlemmniscata. b*. Forewing without black streaks on the veins on dissimilis. B. Forewing bright ochreous ee with fine black streaks onthe veins.. .. tenwistrigata. C. Forewing dull enter om “someniben ineeed Winds SWEBKS 55° oe -- oe linea. D. Forewing white with fees seein ina: St roneat -- «. trivitta. (1) EstigmENE Lemniscata, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) 1, p. 116 (1897). Hab. Transvaal, Johannesburg (Cregoe). Hap. 34 mill. (2) EsticmMENE pisstmiutis, Dist. A.M.N.H. (6) xx. p. 198 (1897). Hab. Transvaal, Johannesburg (Cregoe). Hap. 40 mill. (3) EsTIGMENE TENUISTRIGATA, n. sp. 3. Head and thorax bright ochreous yellow; palpi above, antenne, and tibie and tarsi above, black; abdomen orange with dorsal black bands and lateral series of black points, the ventral surface ochreous. Forewing bright ochreous yellow; the veins with fine black streaks except the costal and base of subcostal nervures. Hindwing ochreous yellow, the veins with very slight black streaks. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hp. 46 mill. (4) EsticmMENE winEA, WIRk. iii. 671 (1855). Spilosoma dorsalis, W1k. iii. 671 (1855), » truncatwm, W1k. vi. 1781 (1856). i strigatum, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 161 (1860). Lacides lineata, Butl. Cist. Ent. ii. p. 27 (1875). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony (Gueinzius, Smith), Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 44 mill. (5) EstTiGMENE TRIviTTA, WIk. iii. 673 (1855). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius). Hap. 3 42, 2 46 mill. Genus MAINAS. Type. Menas, Hibn. Verz. p. 167 (1827) ... ... vocula. Hutena, Wiigrn. Gifv. Svensk. Akad. Forh, 2» SG.uulg(ID) Fa, TOR (CUSIG)) 9 og odd 8h con CIRO. A. Forewing with three patches on costa beyond middle .. .. vocula. B. Forewing with fascia on costa beyond middle .. .. .. .. arborifera. (1) (2) The Moths of South Africa, 50 Manas vocuta, Stoll. Suppl. Cram. pl. 31, f. 5 (1790). Hab. Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen). Hzp. 36-40 mill. M2NAS ARBORIFERA, Butl. Cist. Ent. ii. p. 26 (1875). Eutema scapulosa, Wllgrn. Giiv. Svensk. Akad. Forh. xxxii. (1) p. 102 (1876). Calligula Wallengrenii, Auriv. Gifv. Svensk. Akad. Forh. xxxvi. (1) tee BS (Chs7/))), Lacides gracilis, Butl. P.Z.S. 1891, p. 417, pl. 32, f. 4. Hab. British East Africa, Angola; Delagoa Bay (De Rouge- mont); Transvaal, Pochefstroom ; German South-West Africa, Ovampo Lake (Ericsson). Hap. 38 mill. Genus CREATONOTUS. Type. Creatonotus, Hiibn. Verz. p. 167 (1827) ... interrwptus. CREATONOTUS PUNCTIVITTA, WIk. iii. 673 (1855). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius). Hap. 42 mill. Genus DIACRISIA. Type. Diacrisia, Hibn. Verz. p. 169 (1827) son ONNIO. Spilosoma, Steph. Ill. Brit. Ent. Haust. ii. Ty, TE (CUSPAS)) = 9 con hot) ban | iboor | heen deal Colerenonarzela. Alum, “Ne shh (6812) (USD) eae Too Ness ona COLaanTem Binna, WIk. xxxi. 319 (1864) ... ... lutescens. Senura, Wligrn. Gifv. K. Akad. Barner 2GVe, [Oy Ales (USS) yaa Ge: lineata. Hyralpenus, Butl. Cist. Ent. ii. p. 35. (1875) testaceus. Spilarctia, Butl. Cist. Ent. ii. p. 39 (1875) lubricipeda. Leucaloa, Butl. Cist. Ent. ii. p. 44 (1875)... eugraphica. A. Forewing pure white. a. Forewing with series of black spots. a‘. Forewing with the spots large; frenulum of male black maculosa. bt. Forewing with the spots small; frenulum of male white awricincta. 6. Forewing with fine black streaks on the veins... .. .. .. lineata. c. Forewing with blackish fascia on terminal part of costa.. .. scortilla. d. Forewing uniform white BO 964 08) ob oo de oo, eo \Aeoonaa. B. Forewing ochreous yellow, a. Forewing with waved ante- and post-medial black lines... .. ewgraphica. b. Forewing with antemedial, medial, and postmedial series of points on each side of the veins. Geeclindwine whitisie) ccvwety cas. sol 've ac fo ec ox, festacens 6°. Hindwing orange-yellow .. .. .. .. .. .- «- «. Giplosticta, 56 Annals of the South African Museum. c. Forewing with fuscous streaks in the interspaces. at. Hindwing black with yellow streaks on the veins .. .. scita. 6'. Hindwing yellow. a?. Forewing with the fuscous streaks almost filling the imterspaces |. 4 -- «+ «* © se 22) “odesiana. ’. Forewing with the fuscous streaks narrow except in’ discal and submedian folds .. .. -. .. «. «~. Jutescens. d. Forewing with discoidal spot only .. .. -- -- +. +. lucida. @, Womans imeneyeuleN 596 o9 66 66 oo 6d Sc of on JOU (1) Diacrista macutosa, Stoll. Pap. Exot. iv. pl. 370 B. (1781). Ecpantheria assimilis, Hiibn. Verz. p. 183 (1827). i indeterminata, W1k. iii. 697 (1855). Spilosoma punctulatum, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 161 (1860). Halesidota macularia, Wk. xxxi. 314 (1864). Hab. Sierra Leone; British East Africa, Machakos; Mashona- land, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. g 42, 2 50 mill. Diacrista AURICINGOTA, Butl. P.Z.S. 1896, p. 847, pl. 42, f. 6. Hab. Nyasaland; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 48 mill. (2 — (3) Dracrista LINEATA, WIk. iil. 672 (1855). Aloa simplex, W1k. ili. 699 (1855). Senura alba, Wlilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 162 (1860). Spilarctia puella, Druce, A.M.N.H. (7) 1, p. 210 (1898). Hab. British East Africa; Lake N’gami (Lugard); Delagoa Bay (Junod); ‘Natal (Gueinzius, Gooch); Cape Colony (Trimen). Hxp. 38-48 mill. (4) Diacrista scortinnA, Wllgrn, City. Vet. Akad. Forh. xxxii. (1) p. 101 (1876). Aloa nigricosta, Holl. Psyche, vi. p. 398 (1893). Hab. West Africa, Ogové River; Transvaal; Natal, Mooi River. Hep. 30-36 mill. SS (5) DIAcRISIA CHIONEA, 0. Sp. ?. Head pale yellow; palpi above and antenne black; thorax white, sides of pectus, fore coxee and femora above pale yellow, the fore coxse with brown patches, tibize and tarsi above black ; abdomen orange with dorsal series of black spots, and lateral series of points, the ventral surface whitish. Forewing pure white. Hindwing orange- yellow. Hab. Natal, Weenen. Hap. 44 mill. The Moths of South Africa. oT (6 Dracrista EUGRAPHICA, WIk. xxxi. 292 (1864). Aloa widistriga, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 100, f. 21 (1874). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Hap. 50 mill. (7) Diacrista TESTACEA, WIK. ili. 670 (1855). Spilosoma subflavescens, Wlk. xxxi. 293 (1864). Hab. Zululand; Natal (Gueinzius, Gooch), Karkloof (Marshall). Hzp. 40 mill. (8) DIACRISIA DIPLOSTICTA, Nn. sp. 3. Ochreous yellow; palpi above and antennz black; patagia with black points; fore coxe and femora, mid tibize and the tarsi black above, hind tibiz with a spot on outer side and the spurs black ; abdomen orange with dorsal series of short black bands and two lateral series of points. Forewing with antemedial series of three points angled on median nervure; a medial series of points acutely angled on median nervure, the spots towards costa and inner margin larger; two points just beyond discocellulars and three at lower angle of cell; a postmedial series consisting of pairs of points on each side of the veins, strongly excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved. Hindwing orange-yellow with black discoidal spot. Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Hap. 42 mill. (9) Dracrisia sorta, WIk. xxxi. 298 (1864). Hab. Natal, Malvern (Marshall), Durban (Bowker). Hzp. 44 mill. (10) DiacRIsIA RHODESIANA, N. sp. 3S. Head and thorax pale grey-brown; palpi above and branches of antenne black, vertex of head, and edges of tegule, patagia, and thorax orange-red; pectus orange-yellow; forelegs and mid and hind tibize and tarsi above fuscous; abdomen orange with dorsal series of black bands and lateral series of points, the ventral surface greyish. Eorewing yellow, the interspaces almost filled by pale grey-brown fasciee leaving streaks on the veins and in cell and sub- median fold yellow. Hindwing yellowish white. ? Rather darker; hindwing orange-yellow. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 3 46, 2 56 mill. (11) Dracrisia LuTEScENS, WIK. ii. 672 (1855). Binna penicillata, Wik. xxxi. 319 (1864). Spilosoma screabile, Wilgrn. Gify. Vet. Akad. Férhandl. xxxui. (1) p. 102 (1876). Hab. Sierra Leone; Old Calabar; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal; Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Durban (Bowker). Hap. 3 38-46, 2 58 mill. 58 Annals of the South African Museunv. (12) Dracrista Luctpa, Druce, A.M.N.H. (7) 1, p. 212 (1898). Hab. Kast Africa, Teita; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hxp. 34 mill. 13) Dracrisia FLAVA, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 162 (1860). Hab. Natal (Heale). Hap. 42 mill. Species AUCTORUM. Estigmene strigosa, Méschl. Stett. Ent. Zeit. SOOaunly Noy GOW) (USE) rue mono ean) chor ose) bese Nihil, Genus DIONYCHOPUS. Type. Dionychopus, Herr Schaff. Aussereur. Schmett. Hos WA (USS OV rete, ce | atau seers) Ween RCTS ISS DionycHopus AMASIs, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii. pl. 206 D. (1780). Noctua serict Thunb. Vet. Akad. N. Handl. i. p. 242, pl. 5, vii, JL, 2} (CrAcHb)). Chelonia erythronota, Boisd. Delegorgue Voy. Afr. Austr. ii. p. 598 (1847). Munychia callipyga, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 162 (1860). Dionychopus sinvilis, Moschl. Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien. xxxii. p. 288 (1884). Aloa delineata, Wk. iii. 700 (1855). Aloa thunberqu, Guér. Rév. Zool. (2) xiv. p. 351 (1862). Hab. Transvaal (Ross); Natal, Karkloof, Malvern (Marshall, Gueinzius, Gooch); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F’. Barrett). Exp. 66-74 mill. Genus TERACOTONA. Type. Macronyz, Feld. Reis. Nov. p. 6 (1874), nec: owalns Aves 183/ "22-0 a8 -o5 sen SWOmacwla: Teracotona, Bull. P.Z.S. 1878, p. 382 ... Thodophea. A. Abdomen scarlet above, whitish below. a. Forewing not clouded with fuscous .. .. .. .. .. ewprepia. b. Forewing clouded with fuscous .. .. - «- ». wrhodophea. B. Abdomen orange above and _ below, teed aati scarlet HONRUS WHE) «Go oo do Go) os ca 06 90 00 10 on Sdloqoareuilia. (1) TERACOTONA EUPREPIA, N. sp. 3g. Head and thorax ochreous white; palpi crimson, black at tips; frons with crimson bar above; antenne black, crimson The Moths of South Africa, 59 towards base; edges of tegule and patagia crimson; pectus and femora crimson; tibie black, fringed with ochreous hair; tarsi black ; abdomen orange clothed with crimson hair at base, subdorsal, lateral and sublateral series of black spots, the ventral surface ochreous white. Forewing pale ochreous with a flesh tint, the veins and streaks in cell and submedian fold black; a strongly curved black antemedial line; a discoidal lunule; the postmedial line ex- panding into asmall spot below costa, angled at vein 5 then strongly incurved; a fine black terminal line; cilia orange. Hindwing crimson with slight black discoidal lunule and some points on apical half of termen ; cilia orange. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hp. 54 mill. 2) TERACOTONA RHODOPH#A, WIk. xxxi. 302 (1864). Hab. British East Africa, Sabaki Valley; Lake N’gami (Anderson). Hxp. 48-60 mill. (3) TeRACoTONA suBMACULA, WIk. ii. 472 (1855). Spilosoma obscurum, Wlk. vil. 1696 (1856). Diaphora natalica, Moschl. Stett. Ent. Ziet. xxxiil. p. 356 (1872). Macronyx debilis, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 100, f. 2 (1874). Teracotona roseata, Butl. P.Z.S. 1878, p. 382. Hab. Damaraland; Natal (Gueinzius, Gooch). Hzp. 3 48, 2 68 mill. Genus PROCANTHIA, noy. Type P. argentea. Proboscis absent; palpi porrect clothed with rough hair ; frons with large rounded prominence with sharp corneous spine in centre and curved corneous plate below it; antennz of female bipectinate ; head and thorax clothed with long rough hair some of ,those on thorax spatulate; tibiae with the spurs short; abdomen dorsally clothed with rough hair at base. Forewing with the costa nearly straight, the termen obliquely rounded ; vein 3 from near angle of cell; 4, 5 from angle; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 7, 8 to form the areole. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 from well above angle; 6, 7 shortly stalked; 8 from middle of cell. PROCANTHIA ARGENTEA, I. Sp. ¢. Palpi and frons yellow; vertex of head white at sides, grey at middle, some of the hairs tipped with black; thorax grey, tegule 60 Annals of the South African Museum. edged with yellow, yellow spots on shoulders and metathorax, the spatulate hairs tipped with black; pectus and legs fuscous and grey, the latter with some yellow hair; abdomen orange-yellow, the hair at base and dorsal bands grey, lateral blackish bands, the ventral surface grey. Forewing silvery-white ; two sub-basal black spots below costa and two below cell with some yellow between them; an antemedial yellow band edged on each side by black spots bent inwards in cell and angled inwards in submedian fold ; a V-shaped black mark in cell towards extremity; a black line just beyond discocellulars; a yellow postmedial band edged by black spots, continuous on outer side, broken in places on inner, obliquely curved from costa to join the lower end of the line beyond cell and V-mark in cell, then erect to just above inner margin; a subter- minal series of black spots; cilia pale yellow. Hindwing nearly pure white; cilia pale yellow at base. Hab. Cape Colony. Hap. 46 mill. Genus ANTARCTIA. Type. Antarctia, Hun. Verz. p 191 (1827) ... ... brunnea. Motada, Wik. iv. 924 (1855) ....... ... ... lateralis. Massicyta, Wik. vil. 1712 (1856) ... ... ... fusca. ANTARCTIA ANGUSTIPENNIS, WIk. ili. 767 (1855). Hab. Cape Colony. Hxp. 48 mill. Genus GRAMMARCTIA. Type. Grammarctia, Auriv. Ent. Tidskr. 1899, p. 243. bilinea GRAMMARCTIA BILINBA, WIk. xxxi. 237 (1864). Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Durban (Bowker). Hap. 32 mill. Genus RHODOGASTRIA. Type. Rhodogastria, Hibn. Verz. p. 172 (1827)... astreas. Amerila, W1k. ii. 725 (1855)... astreas. Canopus, Wlk. ii. 747 ee nec Fabr. Jeli WUSIOB) c25 ~ S06 bubo. Phryganeomoi hee Wilken, Roos im ‘Vet Akad. Forhandl. xv. p. 214 (1858)... ..... astreas. Amblythyris, Mab. Bull. Soc. Philom. 0 iii. p. 187 (1879) non descr.... ... ... vitrypennis. The Moths of South Africa. 61 Sect. I. (Canopus) Male with a tuft of hair between antenne rising above vertex of head; forewing with the base of costa dilated into a large vesicle. (1) Ruopoeastria tuPia, Druce, P.Z.S. 1887, p. 669 (1888). Hab. Delagoa Bay; Natal (Gooch). Hzp. 50 mill. Sect. II. (Rhodogastria). Head of male without tuft of hair; forewing with the costa not dilated at base. ‘ (2) RHoDOGASTRIA VITRIPENNIS, Blanch D’Orbigny, Dict. Hist. . Nat. Atlas Zool. ii. Ins: Lep. pl. 13, f. 3. (1849). Amblythyris radama, Mab. Bull. Soc. Philom. (7) i. p. 137 (US). Pelochyta vidua, Saalm. Lep. Mad. i. p. 150, pl. 5, £. 52 (1884), nec. Cram. Hab. Madagascar; Natal. Hap. 3 66, 2 70 mill. ns (3 4 RHODOGASTRIA ASTREAS, Drury. Ill. Exot. Ent. i. p. 28, f. 4 (1773). ; Sphing melanthus, Cram. Pap. Exot. pl. 286 B (1780). Chelonia madagascariensis, Boisd. Delegorgue Voy. Afr. Austy. 11. p. 598 (1847). Amerila rhodopa, W1k. xxxi. 305 (1864). Creatonotus communis, Wk. xxxi. 283 (1864). Amerila vitrea, Plotz. Stett. Ent. Zeit. xli. p. 84 (1880). Rhodogastria fraterna, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc., 1884, p. 356. Amerila bawri, Méschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxill. p. 289, pl. 16, f. 2 (1884). Hab. West Africa; Angola; Natal (Gooch, Marshall); For- mosa; India; Ceylon; Burma; Bali; Bouru; Aru. LHzp. 46-74 mill. Genus UTETHEISA. Type. Utetheisa, Hiibn. Verz. p. 168 (1827) ... ... pulchella. Deiopeia, Steph. Ill. Brit. Ent. Haust. ii. p. 92 (ISSO) mere Roe eer eee ese D a iy pulchella. UTETHEISA PULCHELLA, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 238 (1758). Hab. Almost universally distributed in the Old World; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal (F. Kirby) ; Natal; Colony. Hxp. 34-46 mill. 62 Annals of the South African Museum. Genus SECUSIO. Type. Secusio, WIk. ii. 558 (1854)... ... wo. Stragata Galtara, Wk. xxvi. 1688 (1862) ... ... ... purata. A. Hindwing orange. a. Forewing with the band formed by distinct white spots.. strigata. b. Forewing with the white band continuous and diffused... mania. B. Hindwing brownish white. a. Forewing with series of five postmedial black spots between costa and ven 3 .. .. .. .. .. .- +. pustularia. b. Forewing without postmedial black spots above vein 5 .. pulverata. c. Forewing without postmedial black spots.. .. .. .. purata. (1) Secusio strieata, WIk. 11. 559 (1854). Nyctemera hymenea, Gerst. Arch. f. Nat. xxxvii. p. 360 (1871). Van d. Decken. Reisen. iii. (2) p. 377, pl. 16, f. 1. Secusio parvipuncta, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. B.M. viii. p. 46, pl. 139, HUG (ILS DIL). Hab. South India, Nilgiris; Aden; East Africa, Zanzibar, Machakos, Kilim’njaro; Natal, Malvern (Marshall). Hp. 40 mill. (2) Secusio maniA, Druce, P.Z.S. 1887, p. 672 (1888). Hab. Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro). Hap. 42 mill. (3) Secusio PusTuLARIA, WI. xxvi. 1661 (1862). Authora privata, Wik. xxxii. 335 (1865). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius); Cape Colony, Bushman’s Lake (Alston), Capetown (Trimen). Hxp. 34-40 mill. (4) SECUSIO PULVERATA, N. Sp. g. Head and thorax white, tinged with brown; palpi black at sides; antennz with the branches brown; neck orange; tegule, patagia, pro- and meta-thorax with small black spots; tibe at extremity and tarsi streaked with black; abdomen dull white, tinged with orange towards extremity, dorsal and two lateral series of black spots. Forewing dull white, striated with pale brown ; a sub-basal black mark below costa and three ante-medial points in and above cell, an irregular brownish medial band from costa to submedian fold with a short black streak on it just above median nervure and spot above base of vein 2; a postmedial point above vein 7 with brownish mark above it on costa, two between veins 5 and 3, and one on inner margin; a terminal series of points with larger spot above vein 5. Hindwing white, slightly tinged with The Moths of South Africa. 63 brown, with traces of curved subterminal series of spots, more distinct on underside. ?. Forewing with additional postmedial black point above vein 6. Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Hxp. 3 46, 2 50 mill. (5) Szcusio purATA, WIk. xxvi. 1688 (1862). Hab. Cape Colony (Sir C. Smith). Hp. 44 mill. Genus PSYCHARIUM. Psycharwm, Herr Schaff. Aussereur. Schmett. p. 76 (1850). PsYCHARIUM PELLUCENS, Herr Schaff. Aussereur. Schmett. f. 461 (1850). Hab. Cape Colony, Capetown (Claremont). Hp. 42 mill. Famity AGARISTIDA. Key to the Genera. A. Frons with long pointed corneous spine .. .. .. Paida. B. Frons with rounded prominence. a. Palpi with the third joint porrect, long. a@. Palpi with long pointed tuft at extremity of second joint... .. .. Sct eZELO OCCT: bt. Palpi with “ine second jenn Pronbenten fringed with hair. a. Palpi with the third joint fringed with hair below .. 50 og | LEUNIS. b?. Palpi with the ted sion nocd -. .. Aanthospilopteryx. 6. Palpi with the third joint upturned short .. .. .. Hespagarista. Genus PAIDA. Type. Pada, Jord. Nov. Zool. iii. p. 96 (1896) ye Dilenr ar A. Hindwing red with orange spot beyond the cell and terminal SeLlesi drs ese ee ee OT.C OVI B. Hindwing anes Can Hlege Biceaidail spa and soinnocatianl line connected by streaks with termen .. .. .. .. .. pulchra. (1) Pama corpont, Butl. Ent. M. Mag. xvi. p. 10 (1879). Hab. Natal, Tugela River (Lorimer), Estcourt (Hutchinson). Herp. 48 mill. (2) Pampa putcuRA, Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soe. (3) i. p. 524 (1868). Hab. German South-West Africa, Damaraland; Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant). Harp. 42 mill. 64 Annals of the South African Musewm. Genus AAGOCERA. Type. Aigocera, Latr, Gen. Crust. Ins. iv. p. 211 ((USIOB)) 2 abs 5 8 : oe ene VEnUNIO. Charilina, WIk. il. 560 (1854)... Beat) coo oho! | CHNOONINS. Sect. I. Abdomen of male with lateral tufts of long hair from near base. A. Hind tibie fringed with long hair. (1) Aeocera FERVIDA, WIk. i. 57 (1854). Butl. Il. Het. i. p. 12, Ol, By to dl Atgocera triphenoides, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 38 (1860). Hab. Natal, Malvern (Marshall), Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hap. 52 mill. B. Hind tibie with slight tufts of hair at middle and extremity. a. Forewing strongly irrorated with white; hindwing with some white before the terminal black band.. .. .. .. étrimeni. b. Forewing irrorated with grey; hindwing without white before the terminal band .. .. .. .. .. .- «=. -. &ricolor. (2) AiGocERA TRIMENI, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 107, f£. 15 (1874). Hab. Natal (Trimen); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 3 50, 2 62 mill. (3) Aicocera TRICOLOR,. Druce, Ent. Mo, Mag. xx. p. 155 (1883). Waterh. Aid ii. pl. 55, f. 2. Hab. West Africa, Niger River; British East Africa, Wadelai, Voi, Sabaki Valley; Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant). zp. g 40, 2 50 mill. Sect. II. (Charilina). Abdomen of male without lateral tufts of hair; mid tibie fringed on inner side, hind tibiee on outer side with long hair. (4) AlgoceRa amaBiuis, Drury, M. Exot. Ent. ii. pl. 18, f. 3 (1778). Charilina intercisa, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 107, f. 17 (1874). Hab. West Africa, Accra, Sierra Leone; Abyssinia; British East Africa, Uganda, Machakos, N’gtana; British Central Africa, Zomba; Natal, Mooi River (Marshall). Hap. 34-46 mill. AUCTORUM, Mitrophrys meraca, Karsch. Ent. Nachr. 1898, p. 332 ee ae ee ee. ©6German’ South-West Atriea. The Moths of South Africa. 65 . Genus PAIS. Type. Pais EM MeVEEZa oe ARON (LOAM) esescs) 22 ee WQECOTa. Pais pEcorA, Linn. Mus. Ulr. p. 382 (1764). Cram. Pap. Exot. iii. pl. 219, F.G.° Noctua julia, Cram. Pap. Exot: i. pl. 7, E.F. (1775). Brepha dubia, Hiibn. Samml, Ex. Schmett. i. (1827). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson, Burrows, Trimen). zp. 50 mill. Species AUCTORUM. Pais moldenkui, Dew. Verh. L. C. Acad. xliii. p. 65, pl. 3, f. 15 (1881) ee bss ee ae Cape Colony: Genus XANTHOSPILOPTERYX. Type. Xanthospilopteryx, Wllgrn. Cifv. Vet. Akad. Horlenayapae Olu (SaS)eey ieee) bea.” ee esuperva. A. Abdomen with ventral orange bands. a. Abdomen with the ventral bands on last three segments orange. a. Abdomen with ventral bands on last three segments .. perdiz. bt. Abdomen with ventral spots on last three segments .. pentelia. -- 6. Abdomen with the ventral bands on last three segments white 65 do oO) 06" M00 G6)500; Moo ino 60) So nwa Cyaan, - B. Abdomen with sublateral series of white points. a. Hindwing with the black on costa extending to base .. .. swperba. 6. Hindwing with the black on costa not extending to middle bwztleri. (1) XANTHOSPILOPTERYX PERDIX, Druce, P.Z.S. 1887, p. 668 (1888). Husemia eoa, Mab. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6) x. p. 123 (1890). Hab. British Central Africa; Delagoa Bay. (Exp. 68 mill. (2) XANTHOSPILOPTERYX PENTELIA, Druce, P.Z.S. 1887, p. 668 (1888), Hab. Delagoa Bay. Hp. 50 mill. (3) XANTHOSPILOPTERYX AFRICANA, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xv. p. 142 (1875). Husemia meretriz, Westw. Oates’ Matabeleland, p. 355 (1881). Xanthospilopteryx fatima, Kirby, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 288, ole, Tis tig A Hab. British East Africa; Zululand; Natal (Gooch). LHzxp. 3 64, 2 76 mill. (4) XANTHOSPILOPTERYX SUPERBA, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xv. p. 141, ple tania 3 (L875). 6 66 _ Hab. Victoria Nyanza; British Central Africa; Portuguese (5) Annals of the South African Museum. Xanthospilopteryxz geryon, Wllgrn Vet. Akad. Handl. (2) v. (4) p. 7 (1865). Nec. Fabr. East Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Matabele- land, Tati (Schwesen); Zululand; Natal, Umfuzi River, Malvern (Marshall). Hap. 3 62, ? 66-80 mill, XANTHOSPILOPTERYX BUTLERI, Wlk. Char. Lep. Het. p. 111 (1869). Husemia adulatriz, Westw. Oates’ Matabeleland, p. 355, pl. G. f. i) (188i): Hab. Matabeleland; Natal, Pietermaritzburg (Miss M. Heaton). Exp. 8 50, 2 58 mill. Genus HESPAGARISTA, aoe Type. Hespagarista, Wik. i. 13 (1854)... ... ... ... echtone. HESPAGARISTA ECHIONE, Boisd. Voy. Deleg. ii. p. 595 (1847). Angas, Katfirs Illustrated, pl. 30, f. 10 (1849). taterlecta, Wik. i. 14 (1854). ,, interjecta, Westw. Trans. Ent. Soe. (2) 1. p. 203 (1877). Eusenia novemmaculata, Mab. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6) x. p. 54 (1890). : “i : Hab. Delagoa Bay (Kenrick, Mrs, Monteiro) ; Natal, Malvern (Marshall). Hap. 48 mill. be) V.—On the Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes, Purc., with Notes on other, principally South African, Onychophora.—By W. F. PurceuL, Ph.D., First Assistant. (Plates X., XI., XII:) SINCE my previous paper on the South African species of Onycho- phora was written, the Museum has received several valuable contributions of fresh material, principally through the kindness of the Rev. J. R. Ward, the Rev. J. A. O'Neil, and Mr. W. Clark. The results of an examination of this material, and more especially of several living and preserved specimens of the male of O. cinctzpes, which has not hitherto been described, are embodied in this paper, and appear to me to completely justify the separation of the last- named interesting form as a separate genus, connecting the Cape genus Peripatopsis with the mainly American genus Peripatus. The recent discovery by Bouvier of a West African species of the latter genus (P. tholloni, Bouy.) in the collection of the Paris Museum is, therefore, of particular interest. For convenience of reference I have divided this paper into two portions. I.—ANATOMICAL PART. This part deals mainly with the comparative anatomy of Opistho- patus cinctipes, Purc., in particular that of the genital organs and the legs and the organs connected therewith, such as the coxal organs, the crural glands and the accessory glands of the male. The specimens at my disposal were those mentioned on pp. 106-107. 1. The jaws. The jaws closely resemble those of Peripatopsis and certain species of Peripatoides. In both Opisthopatus and Peripatopsis each jaw is in reality composed of several (as many as four) hollow pieces of similar shape and equal size, encased one within the other (see 7 68 Annals of the South African Musewn. Sedgwick, 1888, fig. 27, in which three such pieces are drawn, while in each of my figures, 6 and 6a, only the outline of one of four pieces has been given). Obviously new jaws are continually being formed within the outer ones, which drop off from time to time, and there are generally two or three such reserve jaws within each outer one. Similar reserve jaws are also known in other forms. 2. The papille. The papille of the skin are best studied in drowned specimens and in sections. Hach large papilla in drowned specimens is seen to be composed of aconical proximal portion and a darker and rather sharply marked-off distal portion. The distal part is either cylin- drical (fig. 8c) or it is inerassated towards the apex (fig. 8b), which is somewhat flattened and bears a spine in its centre. On the legs long slenderer papillee (fig. 8a) are also found. In spirit specimens the conical basal part of these papillee is less evident, while the apex is often much flatter. Fig. 8d represents one of the smaller, club- shaped, flat-topped papille of the upper surface, common in spirit specimens. For comparison outlines of the large papille from the sides of the body in P. balfourz (fig. 9) and P. capensis (fig. 10) are given. The shape, structure, and distribution of the papillae has recently been shown by Bouvier (1900a) to possess considerable systematic value in the American forms. I believe they will be found to afford some valuable characters in the South African species as well, when more carefully examined than has hitherto been done. For this purpose, however, it is necessary that only specimens which have been preserved in a similar manner be compared with one another, as the papilla are liable to alteration in shape. 3. The legs. I counted the legs in about thirty specimens and invariably found only 16 pairs. As in Pertpatopsis, the legs diminish slightly in size towards each end of the body, but the last (genital) pair is sub- equal to the first pair of legs and is always perfectly developed and provided with 3 spinous pads; in this and in several of the pre- ceding pairs, however, the proximal pad shows indications of its origin from a row of large papille (fig. 11). The actual size of the last pair of legs varies considerably in spirit specimens, these legs being sometimes large and long, sometimes much smaller and shorter, but as this is equally the case in both sexes these dif- The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 69 ferences in size cannot be regarded as a sexual character. In this respect these legs differ from the two posterior pairs in Peripatopsts, in which genus both are generally smaller in the male than in the female. In Peripatopsis also the legs of the last (genital) pair are always much smaller than the first pair in both sexes. In O. cinctipes the last pair of legs is used for walking in both the male and female. The arrangement of the three large distal papilla on the feet appears to be fairly constant, the dorsal one being placed exactly, or almost exactly, in the middle between the anterior and the pos- terior papilla, but sometimes nearer the former than the latter. The pair of large papillae at the base of the foot is absent, as in the American forms (figs. 14 and 14a). The proximal spinous pad of the 4th and 5th legs is inter- rupted by the nephridial papilla, which is quite separated from the two portions of the pad and either lies in a line with them or is slightly more proximal, as in fig. 12. The nephridial papilla is at the same time slightly posterior to the middle line of the leg, so that the anterior portion of the proximal spinous pad is larger than the posterior portion, although not so much larger as it appears in the figure, in which the whole of the posterior pad is not visible. The nephridia of these legs are much enlarged as usual, and discharge at the apex of the nephridial papilla. 4. The posterior region of the body. In the general appearance of the posterior part of the body Opisthopatus closely resembles the Australasian genus Peripatoides, especially such forms as P. leuckarta var. orientalis (Fletcher) from New South Wales (cf. figs. 2 and 3). In both these genera not only the postgenital segments, but also the genital segment itself, are considerably more developed than is usually the case in Perr- patopsis. In the latter genus (figs. 4 and 5) these segments are generally much reduced, this reduction evidently going hand in hand with the abortion of the genital pair of legs. It must be remembered, however, that in a large series of specimens a certain amount of individual variation in the development of the posterior region is observable, which tends to bridge over the differences between the two genera in this respect. So, for instance, in P. balfowrt the genital legs are placed much nearer to the hind end of the body than to the penultimate pair of legs in Sedgwick’s figure 24 (1888)), while in several of our specimens they are 70 Annals of the South African Musewmn. midway between the hind end and the penultimate pair. The condition in the latter case scarcely differs from that in Opisthopatus. Similarly in the genus Peripatoides there is a certain amount of variation amongst the different species. In P. nove-zealandia, for instance, the postgenital part of the body is often relatively con- siderably larger than in our specimens of P. leuwckarti var. orientalis (Fletcher). 5. The coxal organs. The curious organs of unknown function to which Bouvier applied this name had been observed hitherto only in Peripatus, and their presence in Opisthopatus, therefore, forms a most interesting feature of the latter genus. . Externally they are best examined in specimens which have been distended by drowning in water,* and a description of their appear- ance and distribution in a large male from Richmond, prepared in this way, may serve as a typical case. _ Fig. 14 is a carefully drawn view of the ventral surface of one of the legs and shows the coxal organ (cx) in its fully expanded con- dition, as it always appears in drowned specimens. It consists of a somewhat four-sided area of smooth ectoderm, occupying a large part of the ventral basal portion of the leg and protruding con- siderably above the level of the surrounding tissue in the form of a convex cushion or bolster.+ There are no ordinary (primary) papille on this area, and even the minute secondary papille, which are so plentiful on the surrounding surfaces, are here entirely absent. * Such specimens may subsequently be advantageously preserved in formaline, but drowned specimens do not yield as good material for sections as do ordinary spirit specimens. + In this male specimen there are normally 4 rows of larger papillee between the proximal pad and the distal edge of the coxal organ, about 4 rows on each side of the organ, and a single row, or at least space for a single row, between its proximal edge and the nephridial aperture (). All of these rows have been care- fully drawn in fig. 14: In most females, and to some extent in some of the males, rows of smaller papille are intercalated between these 8 to 9 rows so as to alternate with them. The total number of rows, therefore, between the proximal pad and the distal edge of the coxal organ varies from 4 (in some males) to about 6 or 7 (in most females). In the male from which fig. 14 was sketched the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th rows, counting from the spinous pad, contained the largest papille and constituted the paler bands, while the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th rows formed the dark bands, when such were present. In the females these 8 rows are easily recognised if this be borne in mind, in spite of the intercalated rows. I have never observed an intercalated row between the distal row of (dark) papille and the second row of larger (pale) papilla in any specimen, although sometimes the row of dark distal papille may be quite obsolete ventrally in the middle. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. by A well-developed coxal organ was present in the specimen men-’' tioned above in each of the legs from the 5th to the 14th pairs. inclusive. On the first 4 pairs the organ was either quite absent or (on the 4th pair) present in a very rudimentary condition. A small coxal organ was present also on the 15th pair, but quite absent from the 16th pair (cf. fig. 11, which was drawn from the same specimen). | In another male from Richmond (also drowned) the coxal organ, was absent from the 1st and 2nd pairs of legs, present on the 3rd right leg but absent from the left, quite absent from the 4th pair, very distinct on the 5th to 15th pairs inclusive, and absent from the 16th pair. | In a large female from Richmond (drowned) the organ was absent: from the first 5 pairs of legs, present and normally developed on the 6th to 14th pairs, rudimentary on the 15th, and absent from we 16th pair. In a large female from Dunbrody (in spirits) a distinct coxal organ was present on each of the first 15 pairs, but absent from the 16th pair of legs, those on the first 2 pairs being small, but those on the other legs very large and well developed. The conclusion I draw from the above and from an examination; of a number of other spirit specimens is that the coxal organ is normally absent from the last and often also from a varying number of the anterior pairs of legs Cu to the first 5), but present on the remaining pairs. In the living animal the coxal organ presents, when fully expanded, a smooth, somewhat translucent, shiny area, and appeared to be quite dry upon the surface. The whole organ can be completely retracted into the interior of the leg and expanded again apparently at the will of the animal, as I have repeatedly observed while handling living specimens. When the organ is retracted it forms a deep cavity with an oval to slit-like opening, which runs parallel to the axis of the leg and may be almost completely closed by the apposition of the adjacent papillose surfaces, bordering its anterior and posterior margins. In this case the organ becomes effectually hidden, and it is then impossible to tell from a mere external inspection whether it is present or not. er In spirit specimens the organ appears in all stages between complete retraction (fig. 23) and nearly complete expansion (fig. 22), although never so fully expanded as in drowned specimens. A very common condition is that shown in fig. 13, in which the peripheral parts are evaginated, but the central part retracted to 72 Annals of the South African Musewm. form a trough. Sections through such organs are shown in figs. 25 and 26. In its histological structure the skin surrounding the basal organ (as well as that of other parts of the body) closely resembles that of P. capensis, as already described by Balfour (1883),—that is to say, each individual epithelial cell, whether it forms part of a primary papilla or belongs to the surface between the papille, is produced distally, so that its free end forms a convex or conical ‘‘ secondary ”’ papilla (or ‘‘ scale,” as Bouvier calls them ; figs. 21-23). Each cell is again thickly covered with minute prickles on its exposed surface, but it does not terminate in a spine, except in the case of some of those on the larger primary papilla. The transition to the epithelium of the basal organs (as at a, figs. 21 and 22) is quite abrupt; the prickles on the surface as well as the scales suddenly disappear, being replaced by a smooth thin cuticula upon the surface of which I could not discover any sculpturing whatever. In sections, however, this cuticula often appears wrinkled (as in fig. 23) or even partially detached from its matrix owing to the contraction of the latter. The cells of the matrix do not show any noticeable difference in the size or in the appearance of their nuclei, but their protoplasm appears striated, often even fibrous (fig. 22), much more distinctly so, in fact, than that of the surrounding echinate epithelium, in which the vacuolar or foam structure is more evident. I failed to notice any peritoneal lining to the coxal organs, whose base, therefore, appears to be in direct contact with the blood in the leg cavity, and blood corpuscles (bc) may generally be seen in the neighbourhood. Isolated muscular strands are attached to the bases of some of the matrix cells in the peripheral parts of the coxal organs and especially’ also to the ectodermal cells immediately adjoining these organs These muscles undoubtedly serve for the purpose of invaginating the whole organ into the cavity of the leg, from whence it may be protruded again by blood pressure. From fig. 23 it will be seen that not only the smooth epithelium of the coxal organ, but also a considerable portion of the surrounding echinate skin is invaginated to form the deep groove at the base of the legs. Peripatus.—Coxal organs in various states of expansion and retraction may be observed in most of the legs in the American species of Peripatus, and the variability of their appearance has already been frequently alluded to by various authors (Gaffron, 1883, Bell, 1883, Sedgwick, 1888), &c.). The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctrpes. 73 A brief but good description is given by Gaffron (1883, p. 51), according to whom the coxal organ forms a furrow with tumid lips, which may be closed or widely gaping. The epithelium lining the furrow is smooth (not tuberculate) and possesses a smooth cuticula but no “ subepidermoidal layer.”’ Good figures have been given by Sedgwick (18880, fig. 12) and quite recently by Wheeler (1898, figs. 5 and 7), which may be compared with my fig. 13. In his recent paper dealing with 11 species and 2 varieties of Peripatus, Bouvier (1900a) states that he found these organs always present, although sometimes rudimentary in the most anterior and posterior pairs of legs. They assume various shapes, some being quite invaginated with the lips almost closed, others half evaginated in the form of a trough, like that in Sedgwick’s figure, and others again quite evaginated and forming a voluminous vesicular appendage. The wall of the organ he describes as thin, and, in the case of one species (P. trinidadensis, p. 437), he further mentions that it is without the scale-like secondary papilla, which cover the other parts of the body. Bouvier does not, however, state whether he examined the other species with regard to this last point. Sclater (1887, p. 132) had previously already observed the protruded vesicular appendage in P. imthurmz, Sclat. Ihave myself examined some sections of a West Indian species, P. dominice, Pollard (unfortunately not very well preserved for histological purposes), which showed that the basal organs very closely resemble those of Opisthopatus. Indeed I was unable to detect any differences worthy of note, excepting that the retractor muscles seemed more strongly developed. The scale-like secondary papillee were entirely absent and the cuticula appeared to be quite without sculpturing, although somewhat detached and crumpled. Coxal organs occur in two other extra-American forms, namely P. thollont, Bouv., from Gabon, West Africa, and P. swmatranus, Sedgw., the locality of which is doubtfully given as Sumatra. Through the kindness of Professor Bouvier I have been able to personally examine a specimen of the former species, while in the case of the latter I conclude from Horst’s figures and description (1886) that the structures called by him the ‘‘ segmental grooves ”’ can be nothing else but coxal organs. From what we know of both these species they must, for the present at any rate, be considered as belonging to the restricted genus Perzpatus, with which they closely agree in all the essential characters that have so far been examined. Other genera.—In the remaining genera no distinct coxal organ 74 Annals of the South African Musewn. occurs, although in its place a groove is often found such as that described by Sedgwick for P. capensis. In some sections cut transversely to the axis of a leg of P. capensis this groove was of considerable depth and resembled that which would be produced if the coxal organ in fig. 23 were removed and only the echinate portion of the invaginated ectoderm were left. It is quite possible that traces of a modified epithelium may sometimes be found at the base of this groove in some forms, representing the rudiments of a coxal organ. JI have not, however, sufficiently investigated this point. The function of the coxal organs is as yet unknown. They do not appear to be of the nature of a gland, nor of use in conjunction with sexual functions, as they are equally well developed in both sexes, 6. The crural glands. The crural glands of Opisthopatus possess some peculiar characters apparently not yet noticed in other forms, although it seems probable that similar structures occur in Peripatus, as will be shown further on. Unlike the ordinary crural glands of Peripatopsis these glands are very large and have, moreover, hitherto not been found in the female. They occur in the male in the 6th to 13th pairs* of legs inclusive, and may be easily seen when the animal is dissected under water. Hach gland forms a long tubular pouch, ending blindly at its inner end, but passing over at the other end intoa short duct, which opens externally at the apex of a large retractile papilla, situated on the ventral surface of the leg (fig. 26). The tubular pouch becomes somewhat attenuated towards its blind end and is thickest nearer the duct. It lies for by far the greater portion of its length within the lateral sinus of the body, and may be directed forwards or backwards more or less parallel to the nerve cord, which runs below it; or it may even be doubled back upon itself after running for a little distance in the one or other direction. The irregular arrangement of these tubes is well shown in fig. 15, in which they are drawn as they appeared in the dissected preparation. Those in the hinder part of the body reach scarcely beyond the bases of an adjoining pair of legs, but in the middle and anterior parts they are much * This was certainly the case in two drowned males from Richmond, one of which was dissected and then sectioned, and in a male from Dunbrody, which was sectioned. In the remaining males, also, the external openings of these glands were never observed on the first 5 or last 3 pairs of legs. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 75 longer and often extend beyond the adjoining pair to the bases of the second nearest pair of legs. Only a small part of the pouch is situated within the cavity of the leg itself. The course within the leg is shown in fig. 26, in which the gland passes first upwards and then inwards until it comes into contact with the dorso-ventral muscular septum (dvs) separating the mesial from the lateral sinuses. Here it bends abruptly forwards or backwards and runs along the upper side of the nerve cord in the lateral sinus. Opposite the cavity of the legs the gland lies in the triangular space situated between the nerve cord and the two dorso-ventral muscular septa, represented in the left side of fig. 25 (dvs and dvs) and also indicated in fig. 26. The duct is distinctly marked off from the tubular pouch, being much thinner than the latter, and it lies wholly within the leg cavity. Its walls are composed of a simple epithelium with small nuclei, and its inner contour is very sharp and distinct, apparently owing to the presence of a fine cuticula (fig. 26). The wall of the tubular pouch, on the other hand, is an epithelium composed of large glandular cells about as high as thick and furnished with much larger nuclei. Within the pouch portions of coagulated secretion may be observed. A thin cellular layer, with small flattened nuclei, envelopes both pouch and duct, representing muscular and perhaps peritoneal cells. ; | The arrangement by which the ducts open exteriorly is peculiar, and may be best seen externally in drowned specimens, such as is represented in fig. 14. Bordering the distal half of the hind margin of the coxal organ (cx) in the 6th to 13th pairs of legs a large, bright brick-red and therefore very conspicuous fold of skin is observed, forming a ring-shaped tumid lip (r.f) round an opening. Owing to transverse constrictions the ring-fold appears as if composed of several separate tubercles, although in reality this is not the case. In the centre of a well-expanded ring-fold a large papilla may be observed, at the apex of which the duct of the crural gland opens. The papilla is only distinctly visible when its apex projects up to or beyond the level of the summit of the ring-fold, but in many cases when it is withdrawn below this level the papilla becomes externally invisible owing to the contraction of the ring-fold. In the living animal the ring-fold and papilla may be readily observed in the conditions just described, and I even saw the central papilla protruded from the opening and again withdrawn on one occasion. Both ring-fold and papilla may, moreover, be completely withdrawn, apparently at the will of the animal, into the 76 Annals of the South African Musewm. leg, so that nothing remains to indicate the spot where it was situated, except a minute brick-red orifice. Such retracted papille are frequently found in spirit specimens, and I have also observed the actual process in the living animal. In its retracted condition the central papilla lies at the bottom of a deep cavity, which opens externally by means of a small brick-red orifice, exactly at the spot previously occupied by the papilla (fig. 21). The wall (7.f) of the cavity is simply the rine-fold invaginated and flattened out. The latter is, therefore, not a permanent structure, but merely produced by the evagination of the sac containing the retracted papilla. The epithelium of the ring-fold and of the basal part of the papilla resembles that of the ordinary papillose skin of the leg, each cell having its convex or conical free end covered with numerous minute prickles. In its distal part, however, the papilla, although provided with scales, is not echinate on the surface, and the cuticula is distincter and thicker (fig. 21). It is interesting to note that the ring-fold and papilla may be completely retracted, while the basal organ remains fully expanded; or both may be retracted together, in which case the ventral surface of the leg presents an appearance scarcely differing from that of the leg of a Peripatopsis. T have never found any external trace of the papilla and ring-fold in any female specimen in the collection, and in two females which were sectioned they, as well as the crural glands, proved completely absent from all the legs examined (viz., the 6th to 16th pairs inclu- sive). I feel fairly certain that these organs are at least never present in the form in which they occur in the male, although from certain facts concerning their occurrence in Peripatopsis, which will be presently discussed, it appears quite possible that they may sometimes occur in a more rudimentary condition. Peripatopsis.—The crural glands in this genus have been described by Balfour (1883), Moseley and Sedgwick (in Balfour, 1883), and Miss L. Sheldon (1889). They are dimorphous in the male, those of the pair of legs which immediately precedes the genital segment in this sex being enormously elongated and reaching forward to the middle of the body, while those of the other legs are small and lie wholly within the cavity of the legs. I have examined sections of both kinds of glands in the males of capensis and balfowrt. They resemble those of Opisthopatus but differ in the length of the glandular pouch, which is intermediate in size in the latter genus between the two kinds found in the former. The duct of the enlarged glands of the pregenital pair of legs is The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 77 clothed throughout its length with a very thick muscular layer, which is indeed much thicker than the internal epithelium and evidently acts as a strong constrictor. The duct itself is compressed, its lumen being slit-like in cross-section, and it opens, as already stated by Moseley and Sedgwick (in Balfour, 1883), by means of a slit-like opening at the apex of a large whitish papilla, situated on the ventral surface. This papilla is relatively larger than the corre- sponding papille of the crural glands in Opisthopatus, and differs also in being non-retractile and not enclosed in a ring-like fold of epidermis. It is always conspicuous, and forms a well-known character for distinguishing the male. A constrictor muscle, similar to that of the enlarged glands, only very much thinner and not more than two cell layers deep, clothes the ducts of the smaller crural glands, which also discharge at the apex of a distinct but smaller papilla, situated between the first and third rows of papillze on the ventral surface of the legs (counting from the proximal pad) but not necessarily in the second row. This papilla may often be easily distinguished in spirit specimens, especially when the adjacent papille are pigmented, owing to its paler colour, or when a piece of coagulated secretion projects from the orifice at its apex. Sometimes the external opening is situated eccentrically at the edge of the broad apex of the papilla, but I have never observed it placed between the papille in either sex in any species (except perhaps in the case of P. clavigera).* Both Balfour and Miss Sheldon state that crural glands are present in P. capensis in all the legs with the exception of the first pair, while the former author implies, and the latter distinctly states, that they occur in both sexes. According to Willey (p. 7), however, no crural glands were present in those legs of the female examined by him, and he suggests that perhaps the fat body in the legs has been confused with the glands. In order to ascertain whether crural glands were present or not, I made sections of legs, mostly chosen at random, from all the species of Peripatopsis with the following results :— In a half-grown ? capensis (19 mm. long in contracted condition), sectioned from end to end, crural glands were quite absent from the first 5 pairs, but present and well developed in the 6th to 17th pairs inclusive. They resembled the corresponding glands of the male, excepting in the case of the 17th pair of legs, the glands of which * The statement made by Willey (1898, p. 7), that only the openings of the enlarged pair of glands in the male of P. capensis are born on white papille is incorrect. 78 Annals of the South African Musewm. were smaller than those of the preceding pairs in the female, although corresponding as regards the position of the external openings in both sexes. I also examined the 12th and 14th legs respectively of two full- grown females of capensis, but found no trace of the crural glands in either. Nor were any found in a specimen of sedgwicki, of which the 9th leg was sectioned. _ In some sections through the hind end of a large ? balfowri a well-developed crural gland was found in the legs of the 17th pair, but none in the legs of the 18th pair, no other legs being sectioned. Well-developed crural glands were also found in a large @ of moseleyt and of leonina, but only the 9th and 10th pairs of legs in the latter, and only the 17th in the former were sectioned. In a large 2 of clavigera a leg of the 11th pair was examined, and a rather small crural gland was found in the usual position. Its orifice was, however, not situated upon but next to a large papilla. Of the male sex I examined only a few posterior legs in capensis, and the 10th to 18th legs inclusive in balfouri. In all these legs, excepting those of the genital segment, crural glands were found. From the above facts it is evident that these glands are by no means constantly present in the females of Peripatopsis, and that they may be even present in a leg in some specimens, but absent from the corresponding leg in other specimens of the same species. These glands are equally well developed in both males and females of the same species (excepting of course those of the pregenital segment), and are evidently functional to an equal degree, as a rod like piece of secretion, evidently protruded and coagulated during the killing of the specimen in spirits, is often seen projecting through the orifice of the glands in both sexes. From this similarity 1t may be inferred also that they are subject to much the same amount of variation as to occurrence in the male as in the female. Whether they are ever entirely absent in the latter sex has not been ascertained. ; Peripatus.—I have had no opportunity of examining the males of this genus. According to Gaffron one or two crural glands were present in each leg of the posterior pairs, which immediately precede the genital segment in the male of the American forms examined by him, but in the females these glands were absent. Hach opens at the apex of a large white papilla placed on the ventral surface of the leg. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 79 In his recent paper on Peripatus, Bouvier (1900) describes the males of three species, in all of which he found these papille. These species are :— (1) P. sedgwicki, Bouv., in which, according to Gaffron (1885), Sedgwick (18885) and Bouvier (1900a), the papille occur on the 7 to 8 pairs of legs immediately preceding the genital segment. There are generally two present on each leg, except on the anterior ones, where they are present singly (see Sedgwick, 18880, pl. 20, fig. 22). (2) P. dominice, Pollard, and its var. antiguensis, Bouv., in which Bouvier found two papille on each leg of the two pairs immediately preceding the genital segment (pp. 422 and 431, pl. 5, figs. 4 and 5). (3) P. trinidadensis Sedg., in which Bouvier found two papille on each leg of the antepenultimate pair and frequently also of the pre- ceding pair (p. 437, pl. 6, fig. 6). In every ease, therefore, these papilla and doubtless also the crural glands are absent from the postgenital and genital pairs of legs, but are present in the legs of the pair immediately preceding the genital segment and generally also in a varying number of the legs preceding these. The papille are very large and conspicuous and are always situated along the posterior border of the coxal organ. The distal one, which is placed next to the distal part of the hind margin of the coxal organ not far from the proximal spinous pad, coincides almost exactly in its position with those of Opisthopatus (compare my fig. 14 with those of Sedgwick and Bouvier mentioned above). It is also interesting to note that when only one papilla is present on a leg it is, according to Sedgwick, always the distal one. Bouvier gives us some interesting information concerning the structure of these papillae. He says they are formed of an annular pad-like elevation, in the middle of which is a projecting tubercle with what appears to be an orifice in its centre. This refers to P. trimdadensis, but his figures of P. dominice var. antiguensis show a similar structure. Now the resemblance of this structure to the evaginated ring-like fold and central papilla of Opisthopatus is so striking that one cannot but suspect that these organs are constructed on the same plan in both genera and that they may prove to be retractile in Peripatus as well. In Sedgwick’s figure of this organ in P. sedgwicki, Bouv., the large outer ring-pad alone is shown, with a depression in the centre, the whole resembling in appearance the ring-fold in Opisthopatus, when the central papilla has been com- pletely retracted. Moreover, in one of Gaffron’s figures (1885, 80 Annals of the South African Musewm. fig. 26) the papillae appear deeply retracted into the cavity of the legs. In P. trinidadensis, according to Bouvier, the whole “ papilla ”’ (z.e., ring-pad and central tubercle) is formed of a thin integument ree from scales, resembling that of the coxal organs. In this latter respect it would appear to differ from the condition in Opisthopatus, where the papilla and fold are both covered with scales. Peripatoides.—Crural glands opening at the apex of pale papille appear to occur in most or at least some of the legs in the Australian and Tasmanian forms of P. leuckarti (Sanger), (occidentalis and orventalis, Fletcher, insignis and oviparus, Dendy, all of which, according to Fletcher, are varieties of lewckarti), and apparently also in the recently discovered New Zealand form P. viridimaculatus (Dendy) (1900). The white papillz are situated on the ventral side of the legs. The glands of the legs of the genital segment will be considered further on. According to Miss Sheldon (1889) crural glands are absent in the male of P. nove-zealandia. Paraperipatus nove-britannie possesses no crural glands (Willey, 1898). 7. The female genital organs. The young ova in the ovaries are contained in follicles (fig. 17) as in all the other genera except Peripatus. The ducts consist of two tubes, which unite at their entrance to the ovaries and again just before the external opening (fig. 20). Receptaculum seminis.*—Near the ovarial end of each duct a small rounded lobe (r.s), less than the diameter of the duct in height, may be observed, caused by a simple loop of the inner epithelial tube, which here becomes somewhat attenuated (as is well shown in fig. 17). At the place where the angles of the loop are in contact the epithelial walls are very thin, and in a series of sections through the original of fig. 17, cut parallel to the plane of the paper, I found a small opening here (at /) allowing the lumina of the portions of the duct on each side of the loop to directly communicate with each other, independently of the longer channel of communication through the lumen of the loop. I found this opening in only one section and did not observe it in the loop of the other oviduct, so I am unable to * This organ had previously escaped notice, owing to the defective preserva- tion of the original specimen I dissected. It was, therefore, erroneously stated in my previous paper that there was no receptaculum in O. cinctipes. The Anatonyy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 81 say whether it is normally present or merely caused by defective sectioning. From appearances the latter seems to be the most probable supposition. There can be no doubt that this loop is a much simplified form of the receptaculum seminis found in Peripatus, Peripatoides and Paraperipatus, in all of which the lobes are very much larger, owing to the considerable dilatation of the convex portion of the loop. In Peripatus (Gaffron, 1885) and Paraperipatus (Willey, 1898) the short direct communication between the portions of the oviduct on each side of the receptaculum is normal. Gaffron has shown that this more complicated receptaculum owes its origin to a folding up of the oviduct, exactly resembling that which is the normal condition in Opisthopatus (see also Willey, 1898, text-fig. on p. 11). In Opisthopatus the portion (a) of the duct which lies between the receptaculum and the ovary has very thick walls and a small lumen, differing in these respects from the part (od) on the other side of the receptaculum, where the walls are much thinner and the lumen much larger. Willey noticed a similar difference in the corresponding portions of the oviduct in Paraperipatus and he proposes the term infundibulum as a special name for the part lying between the receptaculum and the ovary (p. 10). The principal interest in the simplified receptaculum seminis of O. cinctipes lies in the circumstance that it supplies an intermediate form between the more complicated organ of Peripatus, &c., and the condition in Peripatopsis, in which no receptaculum seminis occurs at all. For by slightly decreasing the size of the loop and then straightening out the latter, the receptaculum in Opisthopatus would vanish at once. The embryos.—In the early segmentation stages the ova appear to be finely and densely vacuolated throughout and are provided with large nuclei. They are of comparatively small size, measuring less than -1 mm. in lesser diameter, or apparently only about half that of similar ova in P. balfouwrt. I have, however, only seen the ova in sections, and cannot give the accurate dimensions. I failed to observe any direct connection in any stage between the embryos and the uterine wall similar to that found in Peripatus. On the contrary, the former always appeared to lie free in its uterine chamber, although in contact with the walls of the latter at various places, and, as in Peripatopsis, part of the dorsal ectoderm is much thickened in certain stages. These stages in Peripatopsis have been described by Sedgwick, who considers that the thickened ectoderm 82 Annals of the South African Musewn. probably has the function of supplying the embryo with nutriment from the surrounding fluid (1888a, p. 54, pl. 7, fig. 25). As I have previously pointed out the embryos vary much in size amongst themselves, those nearest the external orifice being evidently much older and much further developed than those nearer the ovarial end of the duct. This is well shown in fig. 20, in which, however, the oldest embryos are still comparatively small. In fig. 19 two embryos taken from the dissected type specimen are shown, and the largest of these, which lay nearest the external opening, is almost ready for birth, while the other is one of the smallest in the uterus. It is evident that the births of the young individuals take place at considerable intervals and in various months of the year, although I have not yet been able to ascertain the exact seasons. In a recent paper Bouvier (19008, p. 68) states that he has con- vinced himself that the females of several Peripatopsis contain embryos of various stages of development, differing in this respect from other forms of the genus, such as P. capensis and balfouri, which are remarkable for the uniformity of their development. Unfortunately Bouvier does not give particulars as to what extent he found these embryos to differ amongst themselves. It may be advisable here to explain more fully the conditions which I have observed in the numerous specimens of Peripatopsis dissected by me (mainly belonging to balfowrt, capensis and leonina). During the earliest period of the development, particularly in cleavage stages, it may be clearly demonstrated that the embryos of the same brood in one uterus form a series in successive stages of develop- ment, each one being slightly, although often scarcely perceptibly, more advanced than the embryo on the side furthest from the external sexual opening. The difference between embryos at opposite ends of the oviduct is, however, very distinct and noticeable in these early stages. In the later stages, when the legs have been formed, it becomes no longer easy to observe any difference, except perhaps a slight one in size, but at the time of birth the differences in develop- ment again become evident, for the young are not all born at the same time, but during a period extending over a number of days or even several weeks, only a small number being born on each day. I have myself observed this in P, moseleyi from Natal, and the Rev. J. R. Ward also informs me by letter that in his experiments on breed- ing this species one young seemed to be born each twenty-four hours, until the litter was complete.* A detailed account has been given by * This observation has, I understand, been published in Journ. Quekett Micr. Club (2) vi., pp. 424-428, 1897. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 83 Oakley (1884) of the birth of the young in two specimens of P. capensis, which may be repeated here :— A 2 found on 29th April, 1883, A @2 found on 3rd May, 1883, gave birth to 19 young, viz. :— gave birth to 23 young, viz. :— 2 on 2nd May, 4 on 6th May, AT paths Jos De ee i lad 7 between 4th and 8th May, 4 ,, night of 7th to Sth, 1 on 21st May, 4 ,, cr Sth to 9th, Sy Ryo alos eis Dh ” 9th to 10th, Qe 26tin bas one Otlae 2.¢., 19 during 27 days. 3 ,, 16th, i lee eeailist. 1.e., 23 during 16 days. In view of Bouvier’s statement I re-examined several other species of Peripatopsis but failed to find any case in which the embryos differed much from one another. For instance, in a female of P. sedgwicki, Pure., there were a considerable number of far-advanced embryos lying all round the intestinal canal over its whole length. All were pigmented and mostly of the same size, but a few were slightly smaller than the rest. One of the smallest and one of the largest embryos is represented in fig. 18, from which it is at once evident that the relative proportions here differ considerably from those of the two embryos of Opisthopatus represented in fig. 19. From the same specimen of P. sedgwicki I removed a piece of uterus containing what I took at first to be an embryo very much larger than the others, but on dissecting away part of the wall of the duct in order to sketch the embryo I discovered that it was really made up of three separate embryos, all extended and overlapping and so closely appressed to each other that they appeared like a single one. As I cannot suppose that Bouvier made a similar mistake, nor that he was alluding to the two broods of successive years during the short period when both are present in the oviduct at the same time, it would be interesting to have some fuller information as to what he really saw. 8. The male genital organs. The genital organs of the male were studied in a dissected drowned specimen from Richmond (fig. 15) and in a series of sections of a well-preserved spirit specimen from Dunbrody (fg. 25). The structure was the same in both, but the relative thickness of the 8 84 Annals of the South African Museum. different parts differed somewhat, doubtless owing to the different methods of preservation. Except as regards the accessory glands the genital organs resemble those of Perzpatopsis in their general appearance. The sausage- shaped testes (te) are relatively stouter and shorter. They are bent: only once in the shape of a hook and not irregularly twisted and curved about as in Peripatopsis, and they lie in the second third of the body. They are connected with the ellipsoid seminal vesicles. (s.v) by a short, fine duct. Between the vesicles and the hind end of the body the very long vasa deferentia (v.d) lie coiled up irre- gularly in a thick mass. The common duct (V.D) of the vasa. deferentia is rather short, but the paired ducts are very long, equal- ling about twice the length of the body in the drowned specimen. The vas deferens passes over abruptly into a very muscular ductus. ejaculatorius (d.e7), which forms a nearly straight, smooth, stout, cylindrical tube of a brownish-yellow colour and about the same thickness throughout. In both specimens this organ lay on the left: side of the body, but its posterior end passed below the left nerve cord to the exterior orifice. The right vas deferens passed near its. posterior end under both nerve cords immediately in front of the genital orifice to the left side of the body to enter the unpaired duct: soon after. The posterior loop thus formed is shown in fig. 15. Three sections passing through different parts of the ductus. ejaculatorius are given in fig. 20, d.ej, and in fig. 27 to explain its structure. The powerful muscular sheath is present throughout its whole length but becomes considerably thinner near the anterior end. It encloses an inner tube with high columnar epithelium, whose lumen is cruciform in transverse section in its posterior part: for some little distance from the external orifice (fig. 27a) but becomes 5- to 6-rayed farther forward (fig. 27b) and finally merely strongly compressed (fig. 25, d.e7). This latter is the condition in the whole of the anterior region of the ductus and its inner epithelial cells present here a granular, highly glandular appearance with small nuclei at their basal ends, but there is no internal cuticular lining. In the posterior region with 4- to 6-rayed lumen (fig. 27) the cells do not present a glandular appearance, and there is a. distinct cuticula liming the inner tube. Fig. 28 represents a section through the loop formed by the unpaired portion (V.D) of the vas deferens, cut along the line denoted in fig. 15. The walls of the tube are thinner and enclose a much larger lumen, The outer muscular sheath is not indicated in the figure, as it is extremely thin. In fig, 25 the right vas deferens is. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctupes. 85 cut twice in the region of the posterior loop just before (r.v.d?) and after (7.v.d') it passes under the nerve cords (indicated by the line Gears y in fig. 15). It resembles the unpaired portion in section, except that its nuclei are larger and less numerous. In my sections through the vas deferens the whole of the unpaired region and a considerable portion of the paired tubes contained a curious, highly stainable structure (sper, fig. 28), which appeared as. if made up of numerous little vesicles densely packed together and surrounding one or several yellowish central bodies. At the place where the unpaired vas deferens branches this structure also branches. into two, each branch being continued into the paired vasa. It was not present in the ductus ejaculatorius. The whole of this structure evidently represents a large elongated spermatophor and is com- posed mainly of a great number of closely packed spermatozoa, each of which apparently consists, as in Perzpatus, of a highly stainable nuclear filament to which a rounded lump of slightly stainable protoplasm adheres, similar to those figured by Gaffron (1885, fig. 58). These adhering masses of protoplasm form the numerous vesicles. referred to above, while the deeply staining meshwork between them is composed of the nuclear filaments of the spermatozoa. The nature. of the yellowish central bodies could not be made out. The portions. of the spermatophor lying nearest the testes are composed merely of closely packed spermatozoa, but more posteriorly, at least in the unpaired portion of the vas deferens, the spermatozoic mass is encased in a thin deeply staining sheath, but there is no external layer of granules corresponding to those found by Gaffron in Peripatus. At one place in the unpaired vas deferens the outer sheath of the spermatophor was suddenly and strongly constricted for a very short distance, and here its walls became very thick and its lumen narrow. There were no spermatozoa in the constricted portion, which thus resembled the narrower parts of the axial tube of the spermatophor of Peripatus, figured by Gaffron (1885, fig. 73). Large elongated spermatophors have hitherto been found only in Peripatus and Peripatoides, in which genera the unpaired part of the vas deferens is enormously elongated, whereas in O. cinctipes this part 1s comparatively short. 9. The accessory glands * of the male. The accessory glands of the male consist of four tubes, unusually complicated in structure and arrangement and opening externally by * By accessory glands I mean only those which occur in the genital and post- genital segments of the male. 86 Annals of the South African Museum. means of four separate pores, which are situated each at the apex of 2 large papilla. These papillz are arranged in two pairs. Those of the anterior pair are placed on each side of the genital papille close to the bases of the genital legs, while the posterior pair lie nearer together but at some distance behind the anterior pair. The exact position of these papille is accurately shown in fig. 11, ac.g', ac.g2. They are all about the same size and are furnished with the usual minutely echinate scales on their surfaces. They are conspicuous in the living animal, especially the posterior pair, having the appearance of rounded pallid tubercles with an opening at the tip of each. Each of the posterior glands consists of a duct (r.ac.g?) nearly equalling the hinder portions of the paired vasa in thickness in the . dissected specimen (fig. 15) and leading from the external pore to a. large, elongate, collapsible, carrot-shaped vesicle (7.v), which con- siderably exceeds the ductus ejaculatorius in diameter. This vesicle tapers root-like at its posterior end, where it passes over into the efferent duct, but at the anterior end it is abruptly constricted and continued into a very fine short dust, which enters another elongate enlarged tube (7.c). At the end of the latter is a tubular appendage (ap), ending blindly and terminating the gland.* In sections the efferent duct of the posterior glands may be easily recognised and distinguished from the numerous other tubes of this region of the body by the curiously jagged and irregular outline of its lumen, into which processes or ledges containing the nuclei project (figs. 30 and 31). A distinct muscular sheath is present. Both large vesicles are shown in section in fig. 25, 7.v being cut through the thickest part of the right vesicle and /.v through the thinner posterior part of the left one. The walls form a simple epithelium of cubical or even somewhat flattened cells with much larger nuclei than those of the duct. In each vesicle is a small quantity of coagulated secretion. It is evident that these vesicles are capable of great distension, as those in the dissected specimen (fig. 15) are about three times the actual thickness of those in the sections (fig. 25). The usual muscular coat is present but is ex- tremely thin. In the middle region of the gland the cells suddenly become elongated and the epithelium is therefore very thick (fig. 25, r.c and l.c). * In the specimen dissected the two carrot-shaped vesicles lay on the left side of the body with their obtuse ends in front, while the middle and terminal sec- tions of the glands varied in arrangement in the manner shown in fig. 15. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 87 The epithelium of the terminal appendage (fig. 29) of the gland is also composed of cylindrical cells, but it is not so thick as the wall of the middle region. The anterior pair of accessory glands (r.ac.g* and l.ac.g') is much simpler in structure and consists of two long, fine, cylindrical tubes of about the same diameter throughout and as thick as, or somewhat thinner than, the efferent ducts of the posterior glands. For a portion of their length, equalling that of the carrot-shaped vesicle and its efferent duct together, the anterior glands lie free, but their terminal portion, which ends blindly, is always irregularly coiled in a single layer round the middle enlargement (7.c and l.c) of the posterior glands. The coil always commences at the con- striction between the middle portion and the carrot-shaped vesicle, while the blind end of the tube may lie anywhere on the outer sur- face of the middle portion. The course of the coiled tube can be followed without any difficulty in dissected glands (see fig. 16) and I have ascertained with certainty from sections that there is no direct. communication whatever between the lumina of the two glands in the region of the coil. A thin peritoneal covering (shown in fig. 25) envelopes the coil, as well as the other portions of the glands. The sections through the right (7.ac.gt) and left anterior gland (J.ac.g*) in fig. 25 will give an idea of the structure of the different parts. The wall of the tube is formed of a simple epithelium of cubical or somewhat flattened cells, and the greater part of the lumen is occupied by coagulated secretion. It will be noticed that the coiled portions of the accessory glands form a mass which is considerably thicker than the carrot-shaped vesicles (7.v and /.v), whereas in the dissected specimen (fig. 15) exactly the opposite is the case. In reality the parts of both glands are about the same size in the two specimens, with the exception of the carrot-shaped vesicles, which are three times as wide in the drowned specimen as in the one preserved in spirits. Peripatoides.—In P. nove-zealandie the accessory glands consist of a pair of slender tubules with fine ducts, which discharge by separate external openings situated at the ventro-lateral angles of the body near the anus and therefore far behind the genital segment (L. Sheldon, 1889). In a specimen which I dissected these tubules extended forwards up to the level of the genital opening, where they are bent backwards or coiled about for a small portion of their length and end blindly. According to Fletcher and Dendy (1895) a corresponding pair of glands with their external openings in a similar position occurs in the 88 Annals of the South African Musewm. males of the Australian and Tasmanian species, P. lewckarti and its varieties. Besides these a second pair of glands, belonging to the genital segment, are said to occur in the various forms of P. leuckarti, but I have failed to find any adequate description of either these or the crural glands in the literature at my disposal. According to Dendy (1895, p. 200) the ‘accessory glands’ of the genital segment in the larger Victorian form (P. oviparus, Dendy) open on a white papilla, which is situated in the angle between the leg and the body on each side of the genital opening. Sedgwick (18885) had already men- tioned the occurrence of a white papilla on the legs of the genital segment in the male of his Queensland specimens, which he referred to P. leuckartt. He states that the position of this papilla is the same as that of ‘‘ the corresponding structure in the Cape males,” but mentions nothing about its connection with a gland. Fletcher (1895) also found the papilla and states that when it occurs it is situated nearer the base of the leg than is the case with the papille of the crural glands on the other legs (p. 189). In his diagnosis of P. leuckarti (Sang.), (in which he includes all the Australian and Tasmanian forms), Fletcher states (p. 183) that a ‘crural gland” opens on the white papilla of the legs of the genital, as well as of the preceding abdominal segments. Quite recently Dendy (1900) found the white papilla at the base of the leg of the genital segment in his new species, P. viridi-muculatus, from New Zealand. It thus appears that a pair of glands, each opening on a white papilla situated at the base of the legs on either side of the male genital orifice, occurs in the various forms of Peripatoides, with the exception of P. nove-zealandie (Hutton), in which, according to Miss Sheldon (1889), these glands are absent. It would be of interest to know whether these glands of the genital segment resemble the crural glands of the other legs, or whether they have become specially modified like the corresponding glands in Opisthopatus and Peripatopsis. If the former be the case, then Peripatoides would be the only form known in which unmodified crural glands are present in the legs of the genital segment; if the latter, the genus would share with Opisthopatus the peculiarity of possessing in the genital and postgenital segments of the male two pairs of accessory glands, different in form from the crural glands of the pregenital pairs of legs. According to Fletcher it would appear that the ‘crural glands ”’ (as he calls them) of the legs of the genital segment, like those of The Anatony of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 89 individual legs in other parts of the body, are not always present. This would indicate that these organs are all similar to one another, and physiologically of minor importance, like the crural glands in the females of Peripatopsis, in which they may be absent or present in corresponding legs of different individuals of the same species. In any case the accessory glands of the genital segment in Peripatordes very closely resemble those of Opisthopatus in the position of their external openings, hence the importance of knowing how far they resemble the crural glands of the other legs in the former genus. Peripatopsis.—In this genus only a single pair of accessory glands occurs, the openings of which are situated in the genital segment. The glands of P. capensis were first drawn by Balfour and described by Moseley and Sedgwick (in Balfour, 1883, p. 36, fig. 43), and subsequently by Miss Sheldon (1889). I have myself examined them in P. capensis and balfowrt. They form a pair of short blind tubes, the walls of which are composed of a high epithelium covered by a very thin layer of flat- nucleated cells, evidently muscular in function. Altogether they closely resemble the enlarged crural glands, when seen in cross- section. They pass over gradually into the ducts, which are very fine—much slenderer, in fact, than the ductus ejaculatorius, the walls of which they pierce, as correctly stated by Willey (1898, p. 17). Hach duct discharges separately into the lateral wings of the ductus ejaculatorius near the posterior extremity of the latter, the lumen of which exhibits here a cruciform transverse section (see below, p. 93). Peripatus.—In this genus, according to Gaffron (1885) and Kennel (1886, p. 71), the accessory glands (or “anal glands,” as they are usually called) of the male form a pair of pear-shaped vesicles with two ducts, which discharge each into a chamber, opening separately on each side of the anus. No accessory glands have, as yet, been found in the genital segment itself. Paraperipatus.—In the male of this curious form, according to the recent investigations of A. Willey, a pair of accessory glands (‘‘pygidial glands’’) occur, which discharge into a common muscular bulbus situated immediately above the rectum, and itself opening externally on the dorsal surface just in front of the anus. In this form the genital segment has lost its pair of limbs, and it is not quite clear whether the accessory glands are postgenital or not. Phylogeny of the accessory glands im Onychophora.—(a) The accessory glands of the genital segment are plainly morphologically equivalent to, and serially homologous with, the crural glands, since the nephridia of this segment have been shown by Kennel and 90 Annals of the South African Museum. Sedgwick to be represented by the ducts of the genital organs. This homology is very evident in Peripatoides and Opisthopatus, in which these glands open on or near the bases of the genital legs. In Peripa- topsis, however, this is not the case, and its single pair of accessory glands have been generally considered homologous with the anal glands of Peripatus, which are modified nephridia. Such, for instance, is the expressed opinion of Korschelt and Heider (1892) and A. Willey (1898, pp. 16 and 17), The objection to this view is, of course, the fact that these glands discharge into the ductus. ejaculatorius and not posterior to it ; but this difficulty is ingeniously surmounted by Korschelt and Heider, who assume (pp. 715 and 716) that the postgenital portion of the body, which must originally have been as much developed as in Peripatus, has been so completely reduced that the anal glands and the genital opening now apparently lie in the same segment. The absence of glands in the genital segment in Peripatws and of postgenital glands in Perzpatopsis also doubtless appeared to justify the view that the accessory glands of both genera must be identical. As we now know that accessory glands may occur in both genital and postgenital segments in at least two genera, there is obviously no necessity for adopting Korschelt and Heider’s theory. (b) The accessory glands of the postgenital segments.—Except in Peripatus the morphological value of the posterior pair of glands is by no means so clear as in the case of the anterior pair. In Peripatus the genital segment is followed by two segments, the first of which is complete and bears a leg and nephridium on each side, while the second or anal segment, although without legs,. possesses in the embryo, acccrding to Kennel’s investigations (1886, pp. 70 and 71), a pair of nephridia, which later on disappear in the female but develop into the accessory or anal glands in the male. Since the postgenital legs may originally have also possessed crural glands, it is evident that the postgenital glands in the other genera may have been derived from— (a) These crural glands, (6) The nephridia of the first postgenital segment, (c) The nephridia of the second postgenital segment, assuming that all the forms originally possessed two postgenital segments. Sedgwick (1888a, p. 98) found rudiments of two pairs of postgenital somites in the embryos of Peripatopsis capensis, but he states that they vanish completely in stage F. With them, of course, would vanish the postgenital glands in this genus. In Peripatoides, or at least in P. nove-zealandie, the posterior The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 91 accessory glands éorrespond best with the anal glands of Peripatus in the posterior position of their external openings, and both glands are generally considered homologous and therefore nephridial in origin (cf. figs. 1 and 2). In Opisthopatus the posterior accessory glands being farther forward (cf. fig. 3 with figs. 1 and 2) would appear to correspond better with the anterior pair of postgenital nephridia in Peripatus, especially as their complicated form (the division into three parts and the vesicular carrot-shape of the basal part, from which the efferent duct leads to the exterior) gives these glands in Opisthopatus a striking resemblance to a nephridium, as depicted by Gaffron (1883, fig. 28) or Balfour (1883, fig. 28). The similarity in the mode of opening in the two pairs of glands in Opisthopatus cannot be used as an argument in favour of their similar origin, since nephridia may also discharge at the apex of a papilla (for instance, in the 4th and oth pairs of legs). 10. The external sexual openings. Male.—The ductus ejaculatorius opens externally by means of a cruciform orifice with four subequal arms, corresponding to the arms of the lumen and situated between four small spinous pads, which are generally closely approximated to each other in the live animal and in spirit specimens (fig. 7 ¢), but are pushed widely apart by the evagination of a portion of the ductus in the drowned specimen drawn in fig. 11. These four pads are very characteristic of the male, as they are not found in the female, and they form a good character for distinguishing the sexes in this species. They closely resemble the spinous pads of the legs in structure, and have the form of four non-retractile and easily distinguishable tubercles, bearing on their surface a number of spines and numerous scales, but no primary papille. Female.—In the female the cruciform nature of the sexual orifice (fig. 7 2) is much less evident, owing to the reduction of the longi- tudinal (median) slit, which being inconspicuous and generally not readily distinguishable, except in sections, quite escaped my notice when the type specimens were first examined and described. The transverse slit, on the other hand, is very large and conspicuous, much larger, in fact, than in the male. The lips of the orifice, as stated above, differ from those of the male in having no spinous pads, but there are a number of ordinary papille in the immediate neighbourhood, each bearing the usual single spine. In the live 92 Annals of the South African Musewm. animal the edges of the orifice are on a level with the ventral surface, but in spirit specimens they are generally more or less raised to form a prominent eminence, bearing the orifice at its summit and papillee on its sides. When Opisthopatus was first described there were no males and only two indifferently preserved female specimens at my disposal, and the apparently purely transverse sexual orifice seemed to be strikingly different from that of the females of Perzypatopsis and other genera, so far as the form of the opening could be ascertained from the literature on the subject. A subsequent careful examina- tion of a number of specimens of various species has convinced me that, after all, these differences are of quite minor importance, as the cruciform orifice is common to several genera. Peripatoides—In a number of females of Peripatoides leuckarti var. orientalis (Fletcher), which were collected in New South Wales and beautifully preserved (evidently by drowning) by Mr. Th. Steel, the genital orifice was very distinctly cruciform, the shape being produced by a longitudinal and a transverse slit cutting one another at right angles. In at least one specimen, however, the anterior arm of the longitudinal slit was quite obsolete, the opening being then T-shaped.* The lips of the slits are, like those of a pre- served Opisthopatus ?, more or less raised to form an eminence, bearing the orifice at its summit and a number of ordinary papillee on its surface, but no spinous pads are present. The orifice, there- fore, differs from that of the male Opisthopatus only in the circum- stance that in the latter the cruciform opening is contained between four spiniferous tubercles instead of four tumid lips bearing primary papille ; while it differs from the opening in the female Opisthopatus only in having the longitudinal slit much more strongly developed, and generally about as large as the transverse one, the tumid lips being similar in both cases. IT also examined four smaller male specimens (one of which I dissected) and two larger female specimens of P. nove-zealandie from near Wellington, N.Z. These specimens had evidently been preserved in spirits without previous drowning. The sexual open- ing, which was situated at the apex of a considerable eminence, had in most cases the form of a longitudinal slit, which in one of the females and in one or two of the males was bisected by a smaller transverse slit, not detected in the remaining specimens. The surface of the genital eminence was covered in the female with a * On opening these specimens they proved to be females like the others. I do not know the male of this species. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 93 number of ordinary papille, bearing each a spine at the apex, but in the male these papillz, although still distinguishable, were very low, giving the eminence under a low magnifying power the appearance of a true spinous pad. This seems to constitute an easy means of distinguishing the sexes in this species, although Sedgwick states that they are externally indistinguishable. The orifice was also more gaping in the female than in the male. Peripatopsis.—In the synopsis of the characters of this genus, given in my previous paper (1899, p. 335), the genital opening is described as longitudinal but never transverse. This statement was based on an examination of the females, and was intended for com- parison with the female of Opisthopatus, but does not apply to the males of two species, viz., P. capensis and P. moseleyt. I have since then examined by means of horizontal sections and otherwise a number of males of P. capensis, and find that the genital opening in this species very closely resembles that of the male of O. cinctipes. The orifice is very distinctly cruciform with four equal arms, situated between four prominent and well-developed spinous pads. The two anterior pads are slightly larger, and are placed between the rudiments of the legs of the genital segment, while the two posterior pads lie behind them in such a manner that the transverse part of the orifice, if produced, would just touch the hind surface of these legs. The cruciform orifice leads into the ductus, the lumen of which, like that of O. cinctipes, also appears cruciform in cross-section in its most posterior part. In P. moseleyi the condition is exactly similar. In the females of Perwpatopsis the sexual orifice is essentially a longitudinal opening, the lips of which bear ordinary papille but no spinous pads. Occasionally, however, the lips are bisected by a shallow groove, but I have never observed a true cruciform opening. Peripatus.—I have not sufficient material of this genus for the purpose of an investigation, but it may be mentioned that according to Horst (1886, p. 39, pl. 2, fig. 4) the genital opening of Peripatus sumatranus, Sedgw., is cruciform and situated between four tubercles in the type specimen. From the above it is evident that the cruciform sexual opening is the normal form in at least one or the other sex of some of the species in each of the three Cape and Australasian genera, and may be looked upon as the primitive condition, from which a transverse or longitudinal opening has been derived in one of the sexes (mostly the female) by the more or less complete reduction of the longi- tudinal or transverse portion respectively of the opening. 94 Annals of the South African Museum. 11. The relation of the external sexual opening to the posterior legs in Onychophora. The differences in the position of the external sexual opening in the various Onychophora (cf. figs. 1-5), especially between such forms as, for instance, Peripatopsis balfowri (fig. 4), with the sexual opening between the last pair of legs and Peripatus edwardsi, &e. (fig. 1), with the opening between the penultimate pair, is very striking, and may have originated in two ways. One possible explanation is to assume a direct transposition of the genital orifice from one position to the other. There is, however, no evidence to support this view, and against it is the circumstance that the position of the genital opening is always perfectly constant in its relation to the posterior legs within the limits of the same species. Thus, in the American Peripatus, the opening always lies between the penultimate pair, no matter how much the total number of legs varies in the species. The second, and, I believe, the only correct explanation, is that given by Korschelt and Heider (1892, p. 716), and quite recently by Bouvier (1900c), who assume that the posterior legs and the post- genital segments of the body have been more or less or even com- pletely reduced, causing the genital opening to acquire thereby an apparently more posterior position. Several strong arguments in favour of this view may be adduced. Thus in Peripatopsis capensis Sedgwick found two pairs of postgenital rudimentary somites, which Korschelt and Heider (p. 716) homologise with the two postgenital segments of the adult Peripatus (also corresponding, according to Kennel, to two pairs of postgenital somites in the embryo). It has further been clearly demonstrated that the posterior (genital) pair of legs in Peripatopsis are subject to great variation as regards their degree of development,* both within the limits of a single species and in the different species taken together, and every intermediate stage may be shown to occur, from the perfectly formed, although small-sized, legs of some specimens of P. sedgwicki, Pure., to the conditions sometimes found in P. capensis and moseleyz, where the two posterior legs may be so reduced that one or both of them are completely aborted and no longer distinguishable. From this last condition to an imaginary one in which the legs of the genital seg- ment no longer appear in any of the specimens is but a step, and we would then have a clear case in which a form with the genital * Bouvier (1900c) makes use of this argument in this connection. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctrpes. 95 opening lying behind the last pair of legs has been evolved from forms which had this opening between the legs of the last pair. Direct evidence of former postgenital legs is afforded by the presence in the males of most of the genera of accessory glands, representing nephridia (or possibly crural glands) of postgenital segments. The question as to whether these glands are derived from nephridia or from crural glands is immaterial, as in either case they would be indicative of the former existence of appendages on the segments in which they oceur. 12. The ancestral form of the Onychophora. If the views set forth in the preceding paragraphs are as correct as I believe them to be, it is evident that the nearest approach amongst living Onychophora to the common ancestral form, as regards the development of the posterior segments of the body, is to be found in the genus Peripatus, as represented by P. edwardsi, trinidadensis, and numerous other, mainly Neotropical, forms (see fig. 1). The condition of these segments in the other genera have, therefore, originated by the successive reduction of posterior legs, glands, and segments, as may be at once seen by comparing the diagrams given in figs. 1-5, bearing in mind, however, that the ances- tral form doubtless also possessed crural glands in the genital segment from which the accessory glands of that segment in certain living forms have been derived. And I am strongly inclined to believe that in respect to various other parts of their organisation the general tendency in the Onychophora has also been towards simplification and reduction. The organisation of Peripatus is certainly the most complicated of all living Onychophora, and we would, I believe, be justified in considering the form of any particular organ as it appears in this genus to-day, as probably (although, of course, not neces- sarily) more nearly like that of the ancestral form than the same organ in another shape in a different genus would be. With regard to some organs, this appears fairly clear; thus the coxal organs, the elongate spermatophors, and the more complicated form of receptaculum seminis, are probably primitive, and have been lost in those forms which do not now possess them. In the case of certain other organs, however, such as the receptaculum ovorum and the non-follicular ovary, which are peculiar to the genus Per- patus, it is impossible at present to form an opinion as to whether they represent primitive or newly-acquired characters. As is well known, remarkable differences also exist in the structure 96 Annals of the South African Museum. of the ova and the contrivances by which the nutrition of the embryo is effected in different Onychophora. Thus four distinct types have been described, which form a series in the following order: Pert- patus, Paraperipatus, Peripatopsis, and Peripatoides. At one end of the series is Peripatus, with very small and yolkless ova, and with its embryos attached to the uterine wall by a dorsal organ, by means of which they receive nourishment, while at the other end is Perv- patoides, with very large-ova provided with abundant food-yolk, and with embryos which have no special ectodermal organ for the purpose of nutrition. Without taking other things into consideration, one would perhaps at first feel inclined to agree with Korschelt and Heider (1892, p. 678) in considering the condition in Peripatoides the most primitive one, from which the more complicated method of embryonal nutrition observed in Peripatus (and Paraperipatus) has been derived. It is, therefore, of the greatest interest that A. Willey, in his recent studies on the development of Paraperipatus nove-britannie, has come to the conclusion that there is nothing whatever to show that the small yolk- less eggs of Peripatus and Paraperipatus ever possessed food-yolk, and in an interesting discussion on this subject (p. 33 ff.) he distinctly favours the view that the yolk-laden eggs of Peripatoides have been secondarily developed within the Onychophora, and do not represent the primitive condition, contrary to the views expressed by Kor- schelt and Heider. II—SYSTEMATIC PART. This part deals more especially with the colour variations, the number of the legs, and the distribution of the various South African Onychophora, and embodies mainly information which I have obtained since the completion of my previous paper, to which it forms a supplement. Of more particular interest are the variations observed in the young of P. moseleyi, bred in the Museum from specimens kindly sent us by the Rev. J. R. Ward. 1. Variation in colowr. The species of both South African genera (with the exception, so far, of only two species) vary as regards the ground colouration of their dorsal and lateral surfaces within almost exactly the same limits, namely, from a deep velvety black, greenish black, or dark green, to a light brick-red (terra-cotta). The latter agrees very closely with the colour termed testaceus in Saccardo’s Chromotaxia The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. on (1894), and with that of the terra-cotta paper covers in which the parts of these ANNALS are bound. This colour varies from a lighter to a darker terra-cotta, according to the amount of black or dark green mixed with it, and I formerly described it as orange-brown, orange-red, or even orange, according to tint, while Sedgwick called it brown, reddish brown, and red-orange. Oakley (1884, p. 35) used the more correct term, ‘‘ dusky brick-red,”’ as well as brown. In living forms many variations of colouration occur, but these may be generally grouped under four principal heads as follows :— (1) Brick-red forms.—Sides and upper surface of the trunk of the body appear of a brick-red (terra-cotta) colour to the naked eye, the lateral band above the legs on each side being of a paler and purer brick-red than the rest of the dorso-lateral surface, in which a certain amount of dark pigment (absent in the light lateral bands) is mixed with the red, without, however, forming conspicuous black lateral stripes (moseleyi, capensis, cinctupes). (2) Brick-red forms with lateral black stripes.—Trunk of boa as in the brick-red form, excepting that there is a larger amount of dark pigment forming a conspicuous black (or dark green) stripe of varying width on each side just above the light lateral band (moseleyi, capensis, sedgwicki, cinctipes). (3) Black or dark green forms with red sides.—Black pigment still more plentiful than in the last form, completely obliterating the red stripes of the dorsal surface proper; only the light lateral bands above the legs pale brick-red, the rest of the dorso-lateral surface of the trunk of body black or dark green but provided with numerous large reddish papille, evenly scattered about amongst the black ones. An excellent figure of this type is given by Sedgwick (18888, pl. 17, fig. 8) (moseleyi, capensis, sedqwicki, cinctipes). (4) Black or dark green forms —Whole dorso-lateral surface dark green or black, the lateral band on each side above the bases of the legs paler and more distinctly green; red pigment of the dorso- lateral surface limited to the larger papillee ; these red papille either distributed over both the dorsal and lateral surfaces, often forming more or less distinct transverse and longitudinal rows (balfowri, leonina, clavigera, capensis juv., cinctipes), or the red is less developed or even entirely absent in the strictly dorsal papille, and principally or entirely confined to those on the sides, especially those in the light suprapedal bands (moseleyi, capensis) ; red pigment rarely entirely absent (moseleyi, capensis, balfouwrt), In these dark pig- mented specimens reddish tinges are sometimes observable in the living animals, due to the presence of much soluble red pigment, 98 Annals of the South African Musewm. which is rapidly and completely extracted by spirits (capensis, balfowrt). In the above no account is taken of the legs, as their colour varies with the species rather than with the colour of the trunk. The dorsal surface of the legs almost always retains much dark green or black, even in the reddest specimens; red papillae may be present or absent according to the species, and sometimes also according to the locality in which it was found. The narrow black medio-dorsal stripe, divided longitudinally by a fine white median line, is always present and well defined, even in ~ the darkest specimens, and there is generally also a dark stripe on each side joining the bases of the legs. : The antennz have always much dark pigment, although often with admixture of red. The skin between the papillae on the head is sometimes pallid (balfouri), and occasionally orange-yellow (cinctipes). White-headed varieties, in which the greater part of the head is devoid of pigment, sometimes occur (noseleyt, balfowrt). The red pigment appears to be present in several modifications. Thus in balfowri and leonina from the Cape Peninsula the red of the papilla soon dissolves in spirits, whereas red specimens of sedgwicki and moseleyz still retain the red of the dorso-lateral surface after an immersion of four years and longer, even when exposed to light. The colour is, however, not so bright as it was originally, and is evidently gradually fading. Readily soluble and insoluble red pigment may even occur in specimens of the same species. Thus a large brick-red and a smaller greenish-red specimen of capensis, found at the same time and place, were put into spirits, with the result that the large species is still brick-red after nearly a year, while the smaller specimen lost almost every trace of its red within a few days and became dark green. The reddish pigment of the ventral surface was always of the soluble kind in the various species in which it was found. With regard to the distribution of the red and the dark varieties of the same species, it appears that some localities produce only black or dark-green specimens; others both black and red ones; others, again, apparently only red specimens. Thus capensis from the mountain-sides at St. James (False Bay) and Platteklip (Cape Town) is black, but specimens from the flatter country on the Peninsula (Diep River, Plumstead, and Wynberg) are frequently, perhaps mostly, red or reddish. No red specimens cf leonina and clavigera have as yet been found. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 99 The former is known, however, only from a single locality (Lions Hill), and of the latter I have seen only four specimens; so it is very probable that, when more specimens become known from other localities, these two species also will be found to vary in colour, like the others of the genus. 2. Peripatopsis capensis (Grube, Sedgw. emend.). I have to record five new localities for this species :— (a) Hottentots Holland Mountains, Caledon Div. I found a couple of specimens under stones alongside a small stream on the south-east slope near the summit. There were no trees of any sort near this locality, the ground being perfectly open. One of the specimens was of a brick-red colour with dark upper lateral stripes, just lke type No. 2 (described on p. 97). The other specimen was reddish green, becoming pure green in spirits. (6) Frenchhoek, in the Paarl Div. I found a single specimen under a log near Mr. Kriel’s Boarding House. (c) Houw Hoek, Caledon Div. I found 4 reddish specimens (belonging to colouration type, No. 2, p. 97) and 1 black one, all with 17 pairs of legs, in the ravines in the middle of August. (d) Caledon. Sixteen g and 5 ? under stones in the Yenster Ravine (collected by Mr. and.Mrs. Ewald Watermeyer, my wife and myself, in the middle of August), all with 17 pairs of legs and mostly darkly coloured. (e) Swellendam. Four ¢ and 4 2 with 17, and 4 g and 2 2 with 18 pairs of claw-bearing legs found by Mr. H. A. Fry and myself in the forest on the mountain-side near the town. They varied in colour from blackish blue to greenish brown. Those with: 18 pairs of legs resembled the normal capensis from the Cape Peninsula in size, width of middle spinous pad, structure of genital segment, and shape of dorsal papillz, and are undoubtedly mere local varieties of this species. es 3. Peripatopsis moseleyu (Wood-M.). _ In my previous paper several specimens from the Katberg Forest and from. Richmond were briefly noticed and doubtfully referred to as possible new species (Nos. 4, 5, and 6 on p. 340) on account of the presence of a distinct although clawless and rudimentary foot on the rudimentary leg on each side of the genital opening. These specimens possessed 20 or 21 pairs of claw-bearing legs, while several 9 100 Annals of the South African Museum. specimens from Estcourt, in which the foot of the rudimentary legs was apparently obsolete, possessed 22 pairs, and were referred by me to P. moseley?. T have since received a number of living specimens from the Rev. J. R. Ward, collected at Richmond, Natal, and from an examination of these I now feel convinced that all the specimens alluded to above as doubtfully new, together with those from Estcourt, are specifically identical with P. moseleyt. In these Richmond specimens I found the rudimentary foot in the following states of development, taking only the large female specimens into account :— (1) Foot very distinct on both legs of the genital sats and provided with a posterior and two anterior papille, as in the normal feet, the left foot without claws, the right one with a single but very distinct claw (one specimen with 22 pairs of pregenital legs). Bouvier (1900c) records an exactly similar case. (2) Foot as above but without claws (several specimens). (3) Foot distinct on one leg but obsolete and indistinguishable on the other leg (several specimens). (4) Foot indistinguishable on both legs of the genital segment (a couple of specimens). On re-examining the specimens from Estcourt described as P. moseleyi on p. 339 of my former paper, I succeeded in finding a rudimentary foot on the genital legs in one of the large females. These specimens were not well preserved, and the rudimentary foot had become pressed into the apex of the leg and so escaped notice until I scratched it free with a needle. From the above it is evident that the presence or absence of a rudimentary foot on the legs of the genital segment cannot be utilised as a specific character. It may be as well to remark, however, that, in spite of the variation to which this foot is lable, I have never yet come across a specimen in which the genital legs possessed perfect two-clawed feet in either P. moseleyz or capensis, although a one- clawed leg may occasionally occur in each of these species. In the beginning of April, 1899, I received from the Rey. J. R. Ward five large pregnant females of P. moseleyz, which he had captured during the previous month at Richmond, Natal. Mr. Ward suggested that these specimens should be kept alive for the purpose of ascertaining the relation of the number of legs and the colouration of the young to that of the mother. I accordingly isolated the specimens in glass jars provided with damp moss, and had the satisfaction of obtaining and examining a large number of young The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctupes. 101 which were born during the month of April. Some of these lived several months in captivity, long enough at any rate to show that the differences in their colouration remained permanent during that time. The number of young to which each female gave birth, while in my possession, is not necessarily the total number of its brood for the year, as some were probably born before I received the. specimens.* The results of the breeding were as follows :— No. I.—Large ? with 22 pregenital claw-bearing legs, the sides and upper surface of the body almost entirely light brick-red, the upper lateral dark stripes not developed on either side (colouration type No. 1, p. 97). Gave birth to 7 young, viz. :— 2 with 22 pregenital pairs of legs | Colour of body brick-red, upper Die see Oil: i ) lateral dark stripes distinct. dea mag $3 : | Colour greenish black above, the: tear ORk Sy A | lateral band above legs reddish. bes 22 “ Colour of body black. No. II.—Large ? with 22 pairs of pregenital legs, the sides and upper surface of body light brick-red, but the superior dark lateral stripes are distinct (colouration type No. 2, p. 97).. Gave birth to. 10 young, viz. :— lour of i rick-r ih cil si a | OM He eb Ws 55,28 Ps 54 well marked. , Colour of body brick-red at the ee sides along the lateral bands, ie ae eo i be | but with much more black on the upper surface. No. IJI.—Large ? with 21 pairs of pregenital legs, the prevailing colour of the upper surface of the body dark green intermixed with some red, the light lateral bands above the legs on each side brick- red (colouration type No. 3, p. 97). Gave birth to 9 young, all with 21 pregenital pairs of legs, viz. :— 7 brick-red in colour with the superior lateral dark stripes distinct. 2 brick-red at the sides along the light lateral bands above the legs, but black intermingled with some red on the upper surface. No. IV.—Large @ with 21 pairs of pregenital legs, colour of sides. * Mr. J. R. Ward has himself made various observations on the breeding, &c., of P. moseleyi, and these have in part been published in Jour. Quekett Micr. Club (2) vi., pp. 424-428, 1897, but I have not been able to see this paper. Mr. Ward informs me by letter that he found that the young followed the mother in the colouration of the body. 102 Annals of the South African Musewm. and upper surface of body black (colouration type No. 4, p. 97). Gave birth to 9 young, viz. :— lour brick-red, the suverior 2 with 21 pregenital pairs of legs | ae danke grtees meee Colour brick-red at the sides along the lateral bands, but with much black intermingled with some red on the dorsal surface. (colour black above, the light Pea EO | es x lateral bands above the legs | pinkish. No. V.—Large ? with 21 pairs of pregenital legs, the sides and upper surface of the body dark brownish olive-green (colouration type No. 4, p. 97). Gave birth to 6 young, viz. :— Colour of body brick-red, the Path 20 pregenital pals 01 Tees ! superior lateral black stripes 1 99 22 99 e present. adil iy limpet mts s Colour reddish at the sides, but ili sD, 3 a with much black above. From the above it appears that females with 21 pairs of pregenital legs may give birth to young with 20 and 21 or with 21 and 22 pairs, and further that the colour of the young may resemble that of the mother or be quite different from it. In each case, however, it will be noticed that the majority of the young had the same number of legs as the mother. In a recent paper Bouvier (1900c) states that he found in the col- lections of the London and Hamburg Museums 9 specimens of P. moseleyt, viz.,1 g with 22,2 (1 ¢,192) with 23,5 23,3 @) with 24, and 1 g with 25 pairs of legs (the rudimentary legs of the genital segment being included by Bouvier in the counting). In the § with 25 and the 3 9 with 24 pairs of legs the last (genital) pair was rudimentary and without claws, except in one 9 in which the left stump was provided with a single claw. These four specimens are doubtless specifically identical with the four Pieter- maritzburg specimens in the South African Museum having the same number of legs and formerly regarded by me as doubtfully new (1899, p. 339). In view of the extraordinary local variations in the number of the legs, which I have observed in other species (see P.leonina, p. 105), I have now no doubt that these forms with 23 to 24 pairs of pregenital legs are merely local varieties of P. moseleyz. In the two males with 24 pairs of legs, mentioned by Bouvier, the legs of the last (genital) pair were very rudimentary and The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 103 reduced to an incomplete foot in one specimen, but consisted of a well-formed foot on a prominent stump with rudiments of a spinous pad in the other specimen. Of these two specimens Bouvier further says, ‘‘ Les pattes posterieures étaient toutes deux armées de deux griffes”’ (p. 120), and from this I conclude that these specimens belong to a species of the balfowi section, in which the genital legs are always provided with normal claws, although the leg itself is frequently greatly reduced in the male, as in Bouvier’s specimens. In any case Bouvier is hardly justified in identifying them with P. moseleyz merely because they appear similar to the latter species in other respects. P. sedgwicki, Purc., for instance, which possesses claw-bearing genital legs, much resembles moseleyi in size, shape of the papille, width of the middle spinous pad, and colouration, and possesses only one pair of pregenital legs less than some males of moseleyz have. The principal specific characters of P. moseleyi may now be restated as follows: Number of pregenital legs 20-24 pairs, each bearing a pair of claws; the rudimentary leg on each side of the genital opening rarely quite obsolete, generally distinguishable and either without foot or with a rudimentary but clawless foot, some- times with a single claw on one of the feet; papille of body not inerassated at apex. Inhabits Natal and the eastern portion of Cape Colony. Size large. The list of specimens examined and their localities, mentioned in my previous paper, may be shortly recapitulated here together with some additional ones. (a) Two specimens from the Katberg Forest with 21 pairs of pregenital legs (Purcell, 1899, p. 340). (6) Three @ and 3 g from Hstcourt, Natal, all with 22 pairs of legs (p. 338). (c) A number of living specimens from Richmond, Natal (Rev. J. &. Ward), from which a large number of young were obtained. Of 5 fairly large males two had 20 pairs, two 21 pairs, and one 22 pairs of legs, while of 7 large females five had 21 and two 22 pairs of legs. If we include all the young with the above, out of a total of 53 specimens from Richmond there were 5 with 20 pairs of legs, 37 with 21 pairs, and 11 with 22 pairs. The specimens from this locality range through all the types of colouration described on p. 97, there being — (1) Brick-red forms, with the smaller papillee of the dorsal surface somewhat darkened with blackish pigment, but the larger ones of this surface and all the papille in the light lateral bands pure pale 104 Annals of the South African Museum. brick-red, with at most a darker ring at the apex; the outer surface of the legs blue-black, redder proximately, the larger papille reddish ; under surface of body and of legs pinkish, becoming pallid in spirits. (2) Brick-red forms with black lateral stripes; colour as above, but with more black, giving rise to a distinct lateral stripe on each side just above the light lateral band. (3) Black (or dark green) forms with red sides ; colour of whole upper surface dark green or black, with numerous large brick-red papille evenly scattered about, giving the whole surface a brownish tinge; the light lateral band above the legs on each side bright brick- red, with scarcely any black pigment; outer surface of legs dark, with perhaps a few reddish papilla; ventral surface of body pinkish when alive. This resembles the specimen figured by Sedgwick, 18880, pl. 17, fig. 8. (4) Black or dark green forms ; colour of dorso-lateral surface a uniform dark brownish olive-green, an olive-greenish black, or an almost uniform black with a faint tinge of greenish in some lights; ventral surface pinkish; the lateral band above the legs on each side lighter in colour but not reddish; scattered reddish papille occur, but they are entirely, or almost entirely, confined to the sides, occurring especially in the light lateral bands and on the outer surface of the legs; or they may be quite absent and replaced by large pallid papille ; these large reddish and pallid papille are often entirely absent from the dorsal surface proper and almost absent from the outer surface of the legs; the black medio-dorsal stripe is always distinct in these, as in all other specimens. The young are born throughout the month of April, and probably also in March. When disturbed this species merely shortens itself like capensis, but does not coil up spirally like balfowri and leonina. (d) Two large ¢ (alive), with 22 pairs of pregenital legs, from Aslockton, Dronkvlei, near the Umzimkulu River, Ixopo District, Natal, collected by Mr. EH. Marriott and kindly forwarded by the Rey. J. R. Ward (Oct., 1899). Colour of upper surface of body greenish black (blacker when contracted, greener when extended), the usual paler lateral bands above the legs on each side more dis- tinctly green or brownish; large reddish or whitish papille present on the sides in the one, almost absent in the other specimen ; under side pinkish, with or without a few dark green papille along the median line ; legs blue-black externally. But the most striking feature of this beautiful variety is the ‘creamy-white colour of the whole of the upper, under, and lateral surfaces of the head between the base of the antennz and the first The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 105 pair of walking legs, excepting where the narrow medio-dorsal stripe traverses the upper surface. The anterior surface of the head from a line joining the ventral margins of the basal part of the blue-black antennz to a line drawn just behind the eyes greenish black ; the slime appendages creamy white, without any dark pigment. A live specimen measured, while extended and in the act of walking, 61 mm. long by 4 mm. broad, and while contracted (but not curved), only 364 mm. by 52 mm. This is one of the most beautiful forms I know of, the contrast between the creamy-white head and the velvety-black surface being very striking. JI have seen only one other white-headed speci- men, viz., one of P. balfowrt from Newlands (described in 1899, p. 343). (e) Three specimens from Pietermaritzburg with 23-24 pregenital legs (Purcell, 1899, p. 339). Sedgwick records a specimen with 22 pairs of legs from here.* (7) A large 2 from Riet Vlei in the west of the Umvoti District, Natal (alt. about 5,000 feet), found by Mr. Harold A. Fry. This specimen has 23 pairs of pregenital legs like the last and is remarkably pale in colour. Specimens of P. moseleyi have also been recorded from “near King William’s Town, Cape Colony ”’ (Sedgwick, 18880). 4. Peripatopsis balfowri (Sedgw.). Amongst a large number of specimens from Simons Town with 18 pairs of claw-bearing legs, two medium-sized males with 19 pairs were found. This is the first instance of such variation recorded for this species. Both were captured by myself at a spot where the normal form was fairly plentiful, and they resembled these in every other respect. Further, amongst 31 specimens (12 g, 19 2?) which I collected at a spot below Platteklip on the side of Table Mountain were 2 g with 19, and 1 9 with 16 pairs of legs, all the rest having 18 pairs. The genital legs were provided with the normal pairs of claws in every case. 0. Perupatopsis leonina, Pure. The specimens of leonina originally described by me were all cap- tured in two small valleys cutting into the south-east slopes of that part of Lions Hill known as the ‘‘ Saddle,” i.c., the lower portion * Proc. Phil. Soc., Cambridge, vii., pp. 250-251. 106 Annals of the South African Museum. lying ‘between Lions Head and Lions Rump. These, as well as a number of specimens captured in subsequent years in the same valleys, all possessed either 21 or 22 pairs of legs. Recently we obtained 42 other specimens of this species from another valley, situated on the same side of the hill, but much nearer Table Bay, and east of the signal station on the highest point on Lions Rump. These specimens comprise 14 g and 2 2 with 22 pairs, 13 g and 11 @ with 23 pairs, and 2 g with 24 pairs of claw-bearing legs, but do not differ otherwise from those from other parts of the hill. This valley is only a little more than half a mile distant from the nearest valley in which the specimens with 21 to 22 pairs of legs occur, and closely resembles it in most respects, facing as it does nearly the same direction; hence the extraordinary variation in the number of the legs in the specimens. found in each is all the more remarkable. Possibly Sedgwick’s specimen with 20 pairs of legs (18880, p. 169) is also a local variety of leonina. It is interesting to note that Peripatopsis in the Cape Peninsula may, therefore, possess any number of pairs of claw-bearing legs from 16 to 24 inclusive. 6. Opisthopatus cinctipes, Pure. The specimens at my disposal were the following :— (a) 15 2, 3 3, and 4 very young specimens from Dunbrody, Uitenhage Div., Cape Colony, kindly collected for us and preserved in spirits by the Rev. J. A. O'Neill. Some of these which I sectioned were in an excellent state of preservation. In colour these specimens vary much after the manner of the species of Peripatopsis. The dark, almost black, medio-dorsal stripe is always very distinct, and is divided longitudinally by a fine white line, visible only-in places in the preserved specimens. The lower of the two dark green or blackish lateral stripes, described in P. balfow (An. 8. Af. Mus., i., p. 8342), connecting the bases of the legs is also present, at least in the reddish specimens, but the upper dark lateral stripe on each side, although often indicated, is. not distinct. The usual lighter lateral band on each side just above the bases of the legs is always very distinct, and is almost or entirely devoid of dark green pigment in the reddish specimens. The alter- nating bands on the ventral surfaces of the legs are not always. well marked, the papillae being often either all entirely pallid or all green. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 107 All the principal types of colouration described on p. 97 occur amongst these specimens, viz :— (1) Reddish specimens.—The prevailing pleas of the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the body (including most of the papilla) is a light brick-red (terra-cotta), with a small and varying amount of dark green scattered about between the papille, especially towards the posterior part of the body. A varying number of small papille are also dark green and these are mostly distributed about midway between the medio-dorsal line and the legs in the region corre- sponding to the upper dark lateral stripes in P. balfowri, &c., giving rise here to a similar but rather indistinet stripe. The lateral band just above the bases of the legs is pure light brick-red, without any green whatever. On the dorsal surface of the legs transverse bands of large brick-red papille alternate with bands of smaller dark green papille. (2) Dark greenish specomens with red sides.—In these most of the smaller papillee on the upper and on part of the lateral surfaces and a large amount of the surface between the papille are dark green, excepting quite anteriorly, so that the back appears dark greenish with a reddish tinge owing to the presence of numerous large brick-red papille. The lateral bands are light brick-red with a small amount of dark green, and the legs possess alternating bands of dark green and brick-red papille on their outer surfaces. (3) Dark green specimens, like the original types.—Prevailing colour dark green, the reddish pigment of the upper and lateral surfaces being confined to a smaller number of large papille (resem- bling P. balfourt, leonina, and clavigera in this respect); these papillee occur also in the paler green lateral band above the bases of the legs on each side, while on the outer surfaces of the legs they may be fairly plentiful or almost entirely absent and do not form the distinct alternating bands found in the reddish specimens. (6) A ? from Doornnek in the Zuurberg Range, Alexandria Div. (J. L. Drége). (c) Six 2, two g and several newly-born young, all living, besides several dead specimens, from Richmond, Natal,* collected by Mr. * After this paper had gone to the printers, a paper by Bouvier came to hand, entitled ‘‘Quelques observationes sur les Onychophores (Peripatus) de la collection du Musée Britanique”’ (Q.J.M.S. (2) xliii. pt. 2, pp. 367-373, 1900) dealing, amongst others, with O. cimctipes, P. moseleyi and P. sedgwicki. I shall only mention here that Bouvier records specimens of O. cinctipes from Durban, Natal, in which he observed the cruciform sexual opening and the large coxal organs (on the 6th to 16th pairs of legs inclusive). On this account, as 108 Annals of the South African Musewm. W. Clark, a farmer in the district. Mr. J. R. Ward, who forwarded the specimens to us, writes that they were found about four miles east of Richmond ‘‘under stones fallen from the sides of a littie gorge, down which a very small stream trickles in dry weather and runs in wet weather.’’ There was no timber in the gorge, which ‘descends: very rapidly to the small’ river Illovo. It is interesting to note that some young were born in the latter half of September,* and that the specimens were found at a very dry time of the year. Mr. Ward informs me that the rainfall at Richmond during the three previous months (June, July, and August, 1899) was respectively -17, -11, and -29 inches. These specimens were in excellent condition and were the first I had an opportunity of examining alive. They entirely agree in structure with the specimens from Dunbrody, and their unexpected appearance in Natal indicates a wider range for this species than is at present known for any other South African forms. The colouration in the living specimens resembles that of the darker specimens from Dunbrody, except that the ground colour of the under surface is brownish pink, while that of the upper surface is blackish rather than green. In some of the specimens the skin between the papille on the head is conspicuously orange-yellow (not brick-red). The alternating bands on the under side of the legs are indistinct, but the superior lateral dark stripes on the body are present as in P. balfourt. After being some time in spirits, the pink of the under surface disappears, and the black of the dorso-lateral surfaces often become distinctly greenish. Such specimens then resemble the spirit specimens from Dunbrody. When the live animal is disturbed it coils itself up like P. balfowrs and leonina with the ventral surface inwards, and will remain in this position for some time, especially if further molested (one remained thus for over five minutes). When coiled up the dorsal skin is often strongly constricted at regular intervals, which alternate in position with the pairs of legs and give the animals an annulated appearance. This is also the case in P. balfowri and leonina. The males were much smaller and less numerous than the females in both collections. The length and width of a male in spirits and somewhat contracted (from Dunbrody) was 13 mm. x 2:2 mm.; of a male from Richmond, drowned in water and therefore abnormally well as on account of the blackish-grey colour and the more regular arrangement of the rows of papille, he makes a new var. natalensis for these Natal specimens. This variety, as based on Bouvier’s characters, does not, however, hold good. * The young of P. moseleyi from Richmond are born in April. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. 109 enlarged, 22:5 mm. x 2°5 mm. ; and of a large female from Dunbrody {in spirits and moderately extended), 25 mm. x 3:5 mm. 7. Diagnosis of the African Genera. This paper may be concluded with an amended diagnosis of the two South African genera, and a revised synoptic table of the species embodying the foregoing observations. For the sake of completeness, Peripatus tholloni, Bouv., is included. Essential generic characters, as distinguished from those which appear of secondary importance, are printed in italics ; it is not, however, attempted to give a complete list of all the differences between the genera, and we are, moreover, insufficiently acquainted with the ova and the development of O. cinctipes and P. tholloni. I. Peripatopis—Genital opening mostly subterminal, the leg on each side of it more or less rudimentary or at least much reduced in size and much smaller than the legs of the first pair, with or without a foot and occasionally even absent. No legs posterior to the genital segment. No well-developed coxal organs present. Genital organs in 2 simple, without receptacula. Ductus ejaculatorius in the 3 provided with a pair of accessory glands opening into its posterior end; no other accessory glands im the genital or postgenital segments, but in the pre- genital segment the crural glands are enormously enlarged and discharge - externally by an opening situated on a large non-retractile papilla on ihe ventral surface of the leg.* Spermatophors minute, oval. Legs with 3 spinous pads, those of the 4th and 5th pair with the nephridial opening situated in the proximal pad; feet with one posterior and two anterior papille ; legs of the genital segment not used for walking; small crural glands may occur on most of the other legs in both sexes. Genital opening in the ¢ longitudinal; the embryos in the uterus all of nearly the same stage, except at one season of the year (March, April, May), when two broods overlap. Outer jaw with small accessory tooth at base of main tooth ; inner jaw with no interval between the large tooth and the series of smaller ones. South African. II. Opisthopatus.—Genital opening between the posterior pair of legs, which are well-developed and subequal in size to the legs of the jirst pair. No legs posterior to the genital segment. Most of the legs with a well-developed coxal organ. Genital organs in the 2 with simplified receptacula seminis but no receptacula ovorum. Ductus cjaculatorius in the § without accessory glands, but the genital and a * The ¢ of P. clavigera, Purc., is not yet known. 110 Annals of the South African Musewm. postgenital segment are each provided with a pair of accessory glands, which open externally by means of 4 separate openings on the ventral surface of the body. Several pairs of the legs in the middle of the body provided in the male with enlarged crural glands, which open at the apex of a large retractile papilla on the ventral swrface. Spermatophor large, elongate. Feet with a posterior, a superior, and an anterior papilla. Legs of the genital segment used. for walking. Small crural glands not known to occur. Genital opening of ¢ formed mainly of a large transverse orifice ; embryos in the uterus in very different stages of development. Spinous pads of legs and the jaws as in Peripatopsis. South African. Ill. Peripatus.—Genital opening situated between the legs of the penultimate parr, which are well developed. A postgenital pair of legs provided with nephridia is also present. Most of the legs with a well- developed coxal organ. Genital organs of 2 complex, with complicated receptacula semuvis and ovorum.* [In the few males which have been exanuned there are no accessory glands in the genital segment, but a parr is present behind opening on each side of the anus, while crural glands opening on large (retractile ?) papille occur on one or more pars of the legs immediately preceding the genital segment, one or two such papille occurring on each of these legs. The spermatophor is large and elongate.] Legs with 3 to 5 spinous pads, those of the 4th and Oth pair with the nephridial opening in the 3rd, or between the 3rd and the 4th pads (Bouvier). Feet with 1 to 2 posterior and 2 (in P. swmatranus only 1) anterior papille (Bouvier). Embroys in the uterus in very different stages of development. Outer jaw with small accessory tooth or teeth at base of main tooth; inner jaw with the series of smaller teeth separated by an interval from the group formed by the large main tooth and the small tooth or teeth immediately next to it. American, African, and possibly Kast Indian. 8. Synopsis of the known African forms. A. Genital opening between last pair of legs, which are, however, sometimes obsolete. A’. Legs without distinct coxal organs. (Feet with 1 posterior and 2 anterior distalipapillce) cy petal eit Peele cla) ele) ee COD. EN RIPATORSIB. a. Legs of the genital segment without paired claws (occasionally with 1 claw). * Bouvier mentions the occurrence of receptacula seminis in P. thollont, but says nothing of receptacula ovorum. The Anatomy of Opisthopatus cinctipes. iL a. 17-18 pairs of claw-bearing pregenital legs. South-western part of Cape Colony (Cape, Paarl, Caledon, and Swellendam Divs.) P. capensis (Grube, Sedgw.). b'. 20 to 24 pairs of pregenital legs. Natal (Estcourt, Pietermaritzburg, Riet Vlei, Richmond, Dronkvlei and south-eastern part of Cape Colony (K. Will. Town, Katberg.) P. moseleyi (Wood-M.). Legs of the genital segment with normal feet and paired claws. a@. None of the papille of the dorso-lateral surfaces incrassated apically. = a3. Size large; middle pad of legs narrower, 1:5 to 2-2 times as wide as the proximal pad; large papille of body more conical (fig. 10). 20 pairs of claw-bearing legs. Knysna, Albany P. sedgwicki, Pure. 63. Size smaller; middle pad broad, 2 to 3 times as wide as the proximal pad; large papille of body more cylindrical (fig. 9). a. 18 (rarely 19) pairs of claw-bearing legs. Cape and Clan- william Divs... -. .. .. .. WP. balfouri (Sedgw.). b4, 21-24 pairs of claw-bearing legs. Lions Hill (Cape Town) P. leonina, Pure. b?. Many of the papille of the dorso-lateral surfaces of the body incrassated apically. 17 pairs of claw-bearing legs. Knysna P. clavigera, Pure. Br. Legs with large well-developed coxal organs. (Feet with 1 posterior, 1 superior, and 1 anterior distal papilla) -. .- Gen. OPISTHOPATUS. 16 pairs of claw-bearing legs. Natal (Richmond) and south-eastern part of Cape Colony (Uitenhage and Alexandria Divs.) .. 0. cinctipes, Purc. B. Genital opening between the penultimate pair of legs .. Gen. PERIPATUS. 22-25 pairs of legs. Equatorial West Africa (Gabon) .. P. tholloni, Bouv. AS ey AIO recall 1883. F. M. Batrour.—The anatomy and development of Peripatus capensis. Q.J.M.S., xxiii. pp. 213-259, pl. 13-20. 1883, FF. JEFFERY BELL.—Note on a Peripatus from the island of Dominica West Indies, An. Mag. N.H. (5) xi. p. 388, 1900a. EK. lL. Bouvyier.—Contributions a Vhistoire des Péripates Américains. Ann. Soc. Hnt, Fr., \xviii. pp. 385-450, pl. 2-7. 19006. E. Li. Bouvirr.—Nouveau Péripate des environs ‘de Rio de Janeiro. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1900, pp. 66-68. j 1900c. EK. L. Bouvinr.—Observationes sur le Peripatopsis moseleyi. Bwll. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1900, pp. 119-121. 1895. A. Denpy.—Description of Peripatus oviparus. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales (2) x. pp. 195-200. 1900. A. Drenpy.—A new Peripatus from New Zealand. WNatwre, Ixi. p. 444 (March 8). 1895. J. J. FLumTcHER.—On the specific identity of the Australian Peripatus usually supposed to be P. leuckarti, Singer. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales (2) x. pp. 172-194. 1883. Ep. Garrron.—Beitrige zur Anatomie und Histologie von Peripatus. [First part.] Zool. Beitrdge, herausg. v. A. Schneider, i. pp. 33-60, pl. T-12. 1885. Ep. Garrron.—Beitrige zur Anatomie und Histologie von Peripatus. [Second part.] Zool. Beitrdge, i. pp. 145-163, pl. 21-23. 1886. R. Horst.—On a specimen of Peripatus, Guild., from Sumatra. Notes Leyden Mus., viii. pp. 37-41, pl. 2. 1884. J. Kennet.—HEntwicklungsgeschichte von Peripatus edwardsi, Blanch., und Peripatus torquatus, n. sp. i. Theil. Arb. Zool. Inst. Wiirzburg, vil. pp. 95-229, pl. 5-11. 1886. J. Kennev.—Entwicklungsgeschichte von Peripatus edwardsi, Blanch., und Peripatus torquatus, n. sp. ii. Theil. Arb. Zool. Inst. Wiirzburg, vill. pp. 1-938, pl. 1-6. 1892. EH. KorscHrentr und K. Hriprr.—Lehrbuch der vergleichenden Entwick- lungsgeschichte der wirbellosen Thiere. ii. Jena. Interature,. 113 1884, H.W. Oaxiey.—On Peripatus capensis. Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc., iii. pt. i., pp. 35-37. 1899. W. F. Purcenn.—On the South African species of Peripatide in the collection of the South African Museum. Ann. S. Afr. Mus., i. pp. 331-351, 1887. W. lL. ScratEeR.— Notes on the Peripatus of British Guiana. Proc. Z. §. London, pp. 130-137. 1888a. A. SepGwick.—A monograph of the development of Peripatus capensis. Stud. Morph. Lab. Cambridge, iv. pp. 1-146, pl. 1-13. [Reprinted from @.J.M.S. (2) xxv.—xxviil., 1885-1888. ] 18886. A. SepGwick.—A monograph of the species and distribution of the genus Peripatus. Stwd. Morph. Lab. Cambridge, iv. pp. 147-212, pl. 14-20. [Reprinted from Q.J.M.S. (2) xxviii. pp. 431-493, pl. 34-40, 1888.] 1889. Linran SHELDON.—Notes on the anatomy of Peripatus capensis and Peripatus novee-zealandie. Stud. Morph. Lab. Cambridge, iv. pt. iii., vp. 305-309. [Reprinted from Q.J.M.S. (2) xxviii. pp. 495-499, 1888.] 1898. W. M. WuHerrLter.—A new Peripatus from Mexico. Journ. Morph. Boston, xv. pp. 1-8, pl. 1. 1898. A. WiLLEY.—The anatomy and development of Peripatus nove-britannizx. Zool. Results Willey, Cambridge, pt. i., pp. 1-52, pl. 1-4. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. ant, anterior part of figure. post, posterior ,, “i prox, proximal ,, a dist, distal i oo Muscles are coloured yellow. All figures, excepting figs. 8-10, 15, 18-20, and the diagrams (figs. 1-5, 24), were drawn by means of Winkel’s drawing apparatus.) PLATE X. Figs. 1-5. Diagrams of various Onychophora, showing the pregenital, genital, and postgenital segments of the ¢ from the ventral surface. The genital opening is represented as a cruciform opening in all. ac.g, accessory glands of postgenital segments. crt, openings of the crural glands of the pregenital seg- ment. cr?, openings of the crural (accessory) glands of genital segment. ca, coxal organs. 21, nephridial opening on pregenital segment. 17, nephridial opening on postgenital segment. Fig. 6. Inner jaw of O. cinctipes from Richmond. 6a, outer jaw of same specimen. Fig. 7. Genital opening of ? and ¢ of O. cinctipes (spirit specimens from Dunbrody) ; the arrow indicates the median line and the anterior direction. ~ Fig. 8. Papillee of O. cinctipes ; the 3 large papille from legs (a) and from sides of body (b, c) of drowned specimen; the small papilla, d, from a spirit specimen. Fig. 9. Outline of large papilla from sides of body of P. balfowri. Fig. 10. Outline of large papilla from sides of body of P. capensis. Fig. 11. Ventral view of posterior end ofa ¢ of O. cinctipes from Richmond (drowned); the papille are carefully drawn in their natural positions. ac.g', papilla bearing the external opening of anterior accessory gland. ac. g’, papilla bearing the external opening of posterior accessory gland. am, anus. c2, coxal organ. g.p, one of the 4 papille round the genital opening. 7, nephridial opening. Fig. 12. The 3 spinous pads of 5th right leg of O. cinctipes (¢ from Dunbrody, in spirits). 2, opening of the nephridium. Fig. 13. The coxal organ on 8th left leg of large ¢ O. cinctipes from Dunbrody, showing the organ as it often appears in spirit specimens. ca, the evaginated peripheral portion of the epithelium with smooth cuticula; cv’, invaginated central portion of this epithelium ; ep, ordinary, echinate, papilliferous epithelium of the surrounding skin. Fig. 14. 12th right leg of ¢ O. cinctipes from Richmond, ventral view (drowned specimen). cx, fully expanded coxal organ, forming a bulging convexity. r-.f, ring-shaped fold enclosing the papilla at the apex of which the crural gland Hzplanation of the Plates. 115 opens. 14a. End view of the foot, showing the arrangement of the three papille. (Figs. 11 and 14 were drawn from the same specimen.) PLATE XI. Fig. 15. Sketch of the male sexual organs, accessory glands, and posterior erural glands of O. cinctipes (from a dissected, freshly drowned specimen from Richmond, enlarged about twelve times). ix—xvi, ninth to sixteenth segments, showing the bases of the legs (Jeg), and in the 9th to 13th the internal parts of the crural glands (cr) also. mv, the two nerve cords, showing scarcely any segmental thickenings. te, testis. s.v, seminal vesicle. v.d, paired portion of vas deferens. V.D, unpaired portion of vas deferens, forming a loop (cut in section in fig. 28). d.e7, ductus ejaculatorius. 7.ac.g', right anterior accessory gland. 7. ac. g’, efferent duct of right posterior accessory gland; r.v, carrot- shaped vesicle of this gland ; 7.c, central portion of the gland, round which the end of the anterior accessory gland is coiled; ap, terminal appendage of the posterior gland. Fig. 16. Middle portion of a posterior accessory gland of the same specimen, enlarged sixty times to show the course of the anterior gland (ac. g') over its surface ; the latter gland is shaded where visible, but indicated by dotted lines where hidden from view, and ends blindly at x. v, vesicle, and ap, terminal appendage of posterior gland. Fig. 17. Ovary, receptacula seminis (7. s), and the ovarial ends of the oviducts of O. cinctipes (from a freshly drowned ¢ from Richmond), showing the ova (ov) in follicles. «, thick wall of infundibular part of oviduct. od, thinner wall of the oviduct. per, outer coat of oviduct (peritoneum and muscles). Fig. 18. Two embryos from the dissected type specimen of P. sedgwicki, Purc.; a, large embryo nearest the external opening; 6, the smallest embryo of the same brood. Fig. 19. Two embryos from the dissected type specimen of O. cinctipes; a, large embryo nearest the external opening; b, the smallest embryo of the series. ~ Fig. 20. Female genital organs of O. cinctipes (from a freshly drowned dis- sected specimen from Richmond). ov, ovary. rf. s, receptaculum seminis. g, external genital opening. od, oviduct. Prats XII. Fig. 21. Section through the external opening of the crural gland in the 11th right leg of a ¢ O. cinctipes (alcoholic specimen from Dunbrody, cut transversely to body; Zeiss, ;4; Immers. Oc. ii.). ce, part of the duct of the crural gland; nearer the opening the lumen is cut. pp, large papilla, bearing the opening of the crural gland and withdrawn into a cavity, the wall (r. f) of which forms the ring-fold when the papilla is protruded. c#, portion of the coxal organ, passing over at 2 into the echinate ectoderm of the ring-fold. 6.c, blood corpuscles. Fig. 22. Section through an expanded coxal organ of O. cinctipes (9th left leg of a spirit specimen, a ¢ from Dunbrody, cut transversely to axis of leg, Zeiss, zz Immers. Oc. ii.). 2x, %, boundary between smooth and echinate cuticula. 6.c, blood corpuscles. cx, striated epithelium of coxal organ. Fig. 23. Section through an invaginated coxal organ of the same specimen (8th right leg cut transversely to the axis of the leg). cw. 0, slit-like external opening of the cavity formed by the invagination of the coxal organ, which is represented by the epithelium with smooth cuticula (cz). : Fig. 24. Diagram showing approximately the arrangement of the accessory glands in the specimen of which fig. 25 is a section through the region indicated : 10 116 Annals of the South African Museum. by the dotted line. r.ac.g', l.ac.g', right and left anterior accessory glands. r. ac. g*, l. ac. g?, right and left posterior accessory glands. Fig. 25. Transverse section through a ¢ O. cinctipes in the region of the 14th pair of legs (alc. spec. from Dunbrody). A portion of the dorsal surface had been cut off for facilitating the embedding process, but the rest of the .section is accurately drawn in, without diagrammatising. ; b.c, blood corpuscles. cx, coxal organs (the bracketed lines show the exact extent of the smooth cuticula of each organ). d. ej, ductus ejaculatorius, cut through its anterior glandular part. dvs, dorso-ventral muscular septum, dividing the mesial from the lateral sinus. dvs', dorso-ventral muscular septum, separating the leg cavity from the nerve cord. f. 6, fat body. h, heart. 1. ac. g’, left anterior accessory gland, containing coagulated secretion. l. c, central portion of left posterior accessory gland. 1. v, vesicular portion of left posterior accessory gland, containing coagulated secretion. n, parts of the nephridium. n. 0, external opening of the nephridium. nN. V, nerve cord. pg. ep, pigmented epithelium of dorso-lateral surfaces. r, rectum. ‘ r. ac. g', right anterior accessory gland, containing coagulated secretion. +. c, central portion of right posterior accessory gland. r. Vv, vesicular portion of right posterior accessory gland, containing coagu- lated secretion. 7.v. d' and r. v. d?, left and right portions of the posterior loop of the right vas deferens (the line 7...... y in fig. 15 indicates the places where the loop is cut). sp, sp?, sp3, distal, middle, and proximal spinous pads. v.o, ventral organ. Fig. 26. Section through the 13th left leg of the same specimen (combined from several sections to show the portion of the crural gland which is situated in the cavity of the leg. r.f, fully expanded ring-fold, surrounding the papilla, p, at the apex of which the duct, d, of the crural gland, cr, opens. Other letters as in fig. 25. At cr the crural gland bends sharply, and is continued in an anterior direction for a considerable distance. Fig. 27. Cross-sections through posterior part of ductus ejaculatorius (from the same series of sections as fig. 25). @ is more posterior than 6, and 6 more posterior than the section, d. ej, in fig. 25. Fig. 28. Cross-section through the loop of the unpaired part of the vas deferens, cutting the loop along the line indicated in fig. 15. a, the wider, b, the narrower arm of the loop (from same series of sections as fig. 25). sper, spermatophor contained in the vas deferens. Fig. 29. Cross-section through the terminal appendage of the posterior acces- sory gland (from the same series of sections as fig. 25). Fig. 30. Cross-section through the efferent duct of the posterior accessory gland (from same series of‘sections as fig. 25). Fig. 31. Another cross-section through the same duct, but more highly mag- nified to show the peculiar lumen ; m, muscular layer. Ann. 9. Afr. Mus. Vol. II. S = Se a pe Tig. Peripatopsis i OUPL. OG === Gt Pie? Partaciatdas Fig3.0 oe Be Reraess 1g eae Fig.l Peripatas. W.F Purcell del, Anatomy On Oyen Healy ee ~ J Fig. Fig. 6 a. ea (40) “West,Newman lith. aLUS cinetip es. = . fr. Mus. Vol. 11. » | 2 5 “Tae. i ee ee Fig5.Peripatopsis Fig3, Opisthopatus capensis Fig.2. Peripatoides leuckartie Anatomy of Opis atus cinctipes. ie it ira 1 Wiey* SqakeyS, /NaesWikwis., Volk J, ru zal a Ay 4 NA oe s i Sy) 2aupae aS < ge \ 3 = oe ___/7 N 7 , \ 7. aC.g \ LAG Gl = WF.Purcell del. Anatomy of Opist 2) et oa SVG — ap. West,Newman lith. GTS} cinctip es. s Afr Mus. Vol.1I. ‘i a ¥ iG! ee) . 3s ita So Aine Mus. Vol It. Arana eal oe IE WZ any, WZ W.F Purcell del. Anatomy of Opie eel Fig. 23. (* 470) Fig. 29, Fig 30. (x 70) (x70) 77 3 S ~ == [9@ S Fig. 31, Va e® / (x 792) = West Newman lith. +5 ala Wee ee Oe es ar paste scl. Bveie Bie te Ne Nai ih yh : we — = Ann. $. Afr. Mus. Vol ei: | Pl. XII. 4 C&. Pare S | By i ; A . 3, Ss Fig 22 : : RS 2 Fig.2l (x 410) Fig.23. (x 470) West Newman lith ‘ VI.—Deseription of New Species of South African Pselaphide.— By Acuinte RAFFRaAyY. Pree HOR eeEINT: Gen. CHAUTORHOPALUS, Raffr., Rey. d’Ent., 1887, p. 49; ibid., 1890, pp. 102, 104; ibid., 1893,. pp. 208, 229. Oblongo-ovatus, Caput subtriangulare, equale, infra utrinque oris lateribus leviter productis, oculi magni, postice siti, Antenne mediocres, articulis penultimis leviter latioribus, clava attamen articulo ultimo magno tantummodo constanti. Prothorax subovatus, equalis. HElytra magna, antice posticeque attenuata, stria suturali integra, sulco dorsali valde abbreviato. Abdomen elytris brevius, segmento primo dorsali et secundo ventrali majoribus, 7mo ventrali (in mare) operculo magno, oblongo predito. Prosternum haud carinatum, metasternum convexum. Tarsi magni, ungue unico et . seta unguiculiformi. CHMTORHOPALUS MINUTUS, Nov. spec. Totus rufus, nitidus, levigatus. Caput antice valde attenuatum et truncatum, in fronte sulco transverso vix perspicuo. Antennarum articulis 1-2 multo majoribus, 3-8 minutis, moniliformibus, 9-10: paulo majoribus, crescentibus, transversis, 11 maximo, ovato, acuminato. Prothorax capite major, ovato-cordatus. Hlytra pro- thorace longiora et paulo latiora, lateribus leviter rotundata, sulco dorsali multo ante medium abbreviato. Abdomen elytris paulo. brevius et angustius. Metasternum delicatule sulecatum. Long. 0-80 mm. ial 118 Annals of the South African Museum. This species ditfers from wnicolor, Raffr., from Zanzibar, by its larger size, and the tenth joint of the antenne, which is more transverse, the eleventh larger, and the prothorax which is a little shorter. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). Gen. PERIPLECTUS, Raffr., Rey. d’Ent., 1887, p. 85; ibid., 1893, p. 244. Parum elongatus. Caput trapezoidale, supra inequale. Oculi postice siti, magni. Antenne breves, clava biarticulata. Prothorax breviter cordatus, sulco transverso et foveis lateralibus tantummodo insculptus. Hlytra magna, humeris dentata, sulco susepipleuro preedita, basi trifoveata, sulco dorsali brevi. Abdominis segmentis dorsalibus squalibus, ventralibus 2 paulo majori, 7 (in mare) triangulari, operculo orbiculato vel ovali. Coxis intermediis et posticis approximatis. Tarsis brevibus, ungue unico. This genus comes close to the genus Trimodytes, Raffr., but differs by the much shorter shape of the body, and the club of the antennze which is only bi-articulate. PERIPLECTUS BICOLOR, Novy. spec. Castaneus, elytris piceis, antennis pedibusque rufis, breviter, parce, griseo-pubescens. Caput latitudine equilongum, antice leviter attenuatum, lateribus obliquis, fronte longitudinaliter medio- impressum in linea oculorum anteriori foveis duabus magnis, postice juxta collum sulco longitudinali usque ad foveas extenso, infra sulcatum et utrinque gibbosum. Antenne breves, articulis duobus primis majoribus, 3-7 minutis, moniliformibus, 8-9 paulo majoribus, subtransversis, 10 majori, transverso, 11 magno, breviter ovato, acuminato. Prothorax leviter transversus, lateribus rotundatus, postice leviter attenuatus, sulco transverso valido, medio angulato, utrinque fovea laterali magna. Elytra prothorace fere duplo longiora, lateribus leviter rotundata, subeequaliter antice posticeque attenuata, humeris obliquis, dentatis. Abdomen elytris paulo brevius. Metasternum convexum. Segmento ventrali 7 (in mare) rhomboidali, operculo ovato. Long. 0°80 mm. This species differs from sgripennis, Raffr., from Zanzibar, by the seventh, eighth, and ninth joints of the antenne being larger, and by the different sculpture of the head, and also by the longer elytra. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). Description of New Species of South African Pselaphide. 119 Gren. TRIMIODYTES, Raffr., Trans. S. Afrie::\Philos: Soc., vol. x., 1897, p..02. TRIMIODYTES SULCIFRONS, Nov. Spec. Hlongatus, angustatus, rufus, nitidus, setis aliquot longis et -dispersis. Caput postice convexum et rotundatum, antrorsum leviter attenuatum, fronte transversim late et profunde excavato, in medio cavee tuberculato, utrinque supra antennas leviter nodoso, vertice medio inter oculos impressione magna, transversa, geminata medio carinula divisa. Antenne mediocres, articulis duobus primis majori- bus, 3-9 moniliformibus et longitudine decrescentibus, 10 transverso, paulo latiori, 11 magno, ovato, acuminato. Prothorax elongato- -cordatus, postice leviter bisinuatus, sulco transverso medio angulato et utrinque fovea laterali magna. Hlytra latitudine sua multo longiora, lateribus pone humeros obliquos et notatos leviter sinuata, pone medium leyiter rotundata, sulco dorsali basi lato, brevi. Abdomen elytris squilongum et nonnihil angustius, segmentis dorsalibus equalibus, primo basi quadratim impresso. Metasternum simplex. Long. 1:10 mm. This species differs from the others in the peculiar sculpture of the head and in the shape of the body which is more elongate and narrower. Cape Colony (Stellenbosch). Gen. BIBLOPLECTUS, Reitter, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 1881, p. 529; Ratfr., Rev. d’Ent., 1893, p. 257. Plus minusve elongatum, subparallelum et deplanatum. Caput trapezoidale. Oculi ad medium siti. Antenne mediocres, clava plus minusve triarticulata. Prothorax plus minusve orbicularis vel -quadratus cum angulis omnibus rotundatis, foveis tribus sulco transverso junctis. Hlytra basi trifoveata, absque stria dorsali, lateribus recta, humeris quadrata. Segmentis dorsalibus equalibus, ventralibus 2, 3, 4, equalibus, 5 brevissimo, 6 quarto equali, 7 (in mare) magno triangulari, apice acuminato, operculo elongato et angusto preedito, tarsi mediocres, ungue unico. This genus much resembles Asymoplectus, Raffr., from which it differs in the proportions of the dorsal and ventral segments of the -abdomen and the conformation of the seventh in the male. It occurs in nearly every part of the world. 120 Annals of the South African Museum. BIBLOPLECTUS ANGUSTULUS, Nov. spec. Elongatus, angustus, parallelus, brunneus, abdomine obscurior!,. antennis pedibusque pallide testaceis, breviter et parce griseo- pubescens. Caput mediocre, longitudine et latitudine equale, antrorsum valde attenuatum, lateribus obliquis, inter oculos foveis. duabus magnis, juxta collum medio breviter sulcatum. Antennae graciles, articulis 1, 2 multo majoribus, ovatis, 3-8 minutis, monili- formibus, 9 precedenti paulo majori, 11 ovato, acuminato, decimo vix latiori. Prothorax capite haud latior, latitudine sua paulo longior, postice leviter attenuatus. Hlytra latitudine sua multo- longiora. Abdomen elytris longitudine vix equale. Long. 0:90 mm. This species differs from B. variabilis, Raffr., and wicolor, Raftr., from Zanzibar, in the much more elongate and narrower body and the larger size of the tenth joint of the antenne; from B. biformis, Reitter, from the Gold Coast (West Africa) it differs in its much darker colour, smaller size, shorter head and much larger club of the antenne. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). Gen. ASYMOPLECTUS, Rafitr., Teas, S, Auee, owllOs, SOG, WO, Xe WSS), jo, DO: ASYMOPLECTUS SEMIPUNCTATUS, nov. spec. Elongatus, angustulus, subdepressus, nigropiceus, antennis pedi- busque brunneis, pube subtilissima grisea, Vix perspicue (magis in abdomine) punctatus. Caput latitudine sua vix longius, antrorsum valde attenuatum, lateribus obliquis, fronte medio leviter depresso, inter oculos foveis duabus magnis, ovalibus, vertice juxta collum vix perspicue impressum, antennee sat crass, gradatim incrassatee, clava fere inconspicua, articulis 1-2 majoribus, ovatis, 3 subconico, 4-8 moniliformibus, longitudine decrescentibus, 9 transverso, 10 nono multo majori, transverso, 11 breviter ovato, acuminato. Pro- thorax latitudine sua equilongus, antice posticeque equaliter rotundatus, foveis lateralibus validis, sulco transverso profundo, medio angulato et minute foveato, in disco sulco longitudinali obsoletissimo et abbreviato. Elytra latitudine sua dimidio longiora, lateribus recta et parallela. Abdominis segmentis dorsalibus 8 secundo vix dimidio longiori, 4 fere duplo. Metasternum con- yexum, simplex. Tibiis omnibus extus medio incrassatis. Mas. Segmentis ventralibus 4 apice medio minutissime et breviter- Description of New Species of South African Pselaphide. 121 ¢arinato, 5 angusto, medio quadratim tuberculato, 6 medio incon- spicuo, 7 magno, rhomboidali, medio obsolete depresso, latere asymetrico et emarginato. Femina. Segmento ultimo transversim triangulari, brunneo. Long. 1:10 mm. This species comes close to caviventris, Raffr., but differs on account of the discoidal impression of the prothorax which is a very faint one, whilst it is strong in caviventris; it is also smaller, has a shorter head and less conspicuous club to the antenne. Cape Colony (Stellenbosch). ASYMOPLECTUS PISSUS, NOV. spec. Hlongatus, angustus, minus depressus, brunneo-piceus elytris segmentisque ventralibus ultimis brunneis, antennis pedibusque rufis, pube subtilissima grisea. Caput magnum, latitudine sua equilongum, postice valde rotundatum et juxta collum medio pro- funde sinuatum, inter oculos foveis duabus magnis et sulcis duobus obsoletis, rectis, in fronte depresso desinentibus. Antenne sat crass, Clava conspicua, articulis 1-2 majoribus, subquadratis, 3-8 moniliformibus, 9-10 majoribus, crescentibus, transversis, 11 majori, ovato, acuminato. Prothorax capite brevior, longitudine sua paulo latior, fere cordatus, postice attenuatus, lateribus leviter obliquis, foveis lateralibus magnis, sulco valido, medio valde angu- lato et minute foveato. LHlytra latitudine sua multo longiora, lateri- bus parallela, recta. Abdomen elytris longius, segmentis dorsalibus ,® preecedenti vix dimidio longiori, 4 majori. Metasternum simplex. Femoribus, presertim anticis, incrassatis, tibiis medio extus crassi- oribus. Mas. Segmentis ventralibus 4 angusto, transversim valde impresso, 5 maximo, late et profunde emarginato et medio lobato, utrinque profunde impresso, medio longitudinaliter convexo, basi breviter sulcato et bicarinato, 6 lateribus tantummodo conspicuo et bidentato, 7 magno, irregulari, asymetrico, dextra arcuatim longitudinaliter carinato, ad sinistram emarginato, medio impresso. Long. 1:60 mm. This species is to be distinguished by its larger size, the short and sub-cordiform prothorax, and the complicated structure of the last ventral segments of the abdomen. Cape Colony (Stellenbosch). 122 Annals of the South African Museum. Trine BATRISINI. Gen. TRABISUS, Raftr., Rey. d’Entom., 1890, p. 110. TRABISUS JUGULARIS, Nov. spec. Lete ferrugineus, nitidus, levis, parce fulvo-pubescens. Caput transversum, antice attenuatum, temporibus obliquis, rotundatis, inter oculos foveis duabus magnis et sulcis duobus leviter arcuatis. in fronte connexis, vertice medio longitudinaliter minute carinatum, infra confertim rugoso-punctatum, profunde et late sulcatum, isto: sulco fundo levi. Antenne elongate articulis 3-7 latitudine paulo. longioribus, 8 quadrato, 9 subobeonico-truncato, 10 simili sed breviori, 11 fusiformi. Prothorax cordatus, capite fere angustior, sulco trans- verso lato, profundo, medio sinuato et minute foveato, tuberculis quatuor obtusis, utrinque fovea laterali magna, dico fovea media punctiformi, basi ipsa quadrifoveata. Elytra disperse et minute punctata, latitudine sua paulo longiora, lateribus leviter rotundata, humeris notatis sed obtusis, basi trifoveata, stria dorsali ante medium abbreviata. Abdomen elytris subeequale, segmento primo dorsali sequenti duplo longiori, basi transversim impresso, brevissime bi- earinato. Long. 2°70 mm. This species differs from 7. dregei, Aubé, chiefly in the absence of the longitudinal furrow of the prothorax. Natal (Malvern). Gun. RYBAXIS, Saulc., Bullet. Metz., xiv., 1876, p. 96. RYBAXIS AFRICANA, NOV. spec. Oblonga, antrorsum leviter attenuata, rufo-ferruginea, breviter flavo-pubescens. Caput latitudine sua multo longius, lateribus obliquis, inter oculos foveis duabus magnis, fronte medio oblonge impresso. Antenne sat crasse, articulis 3-6 oblongis et longitudine decrescentibus, 7 quadrato, 8 leviter transverso, czeteris in utroque sexu variabilibus. Prothorax breviter cordatus, capite (cum oculis) latior, utrinque fovea laterali magna, sulco .transverso valido et medio minute foveato. Hlytra latitudine sua paulo longiora, basi leviter attenuata, humeris notatis, stria dorsali subrecta, leviter sinuata, ante apicem abbreviata et extus recurva. Segmenti primi ‘ Description of New Species of South African Pselaphide. 123 dorsalis carinulis validis, maxime divergentibus, mediam partem disci attingentibus et vix quartam basi includentibus. Mas. Antennarum articulis 9-10 magnis, quadratis, extus leviter compressis, 11 irregulariter ovato, basi truncato, extus leviter com- presso. Metasternum late depressum. Trochanteribus intermediis basi transversim carinatis. Segmentis ventralibus primo (conspicuo) et 20 secundo medio levissime depressis. Femina. Antennarum articulis ultimis minoribus, 9 obconico- truncato, 10 trapezoidali, 11 regulariter ovato, basi truncato. Metasternum vix impressum. Long. 2:20-2:30 mm. This species is closely allied to circumflexa, Raffr., but the antenna are much thicker and the joints much shorter. The sexual cha- racters are very different. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). Gen. REICHENBACHIA, Leach, Vigors’ Zool. Journ., vol. ii., 1826, p. 451. REICHENBACHIA DIMIDIATA, Noy. Spec. Brevis, convexa, capite, prothorace, antennis basi pedibus rufis, antennis ad apicem infuscatis, elytris et abdomine rubro-castaneis, pube brevi, depressa, grisea. Caput latitudine sua longius, antrorsum attenuatum, lateribus obliquis, inter oculos foveis duabus et in fronte fovea majori. Antenne parum elongatz, articulis primo cylindrico, 2 ovato, ambobus majoribus, 3-6 oblongis et latitudine decrescen- tibus, 7-8 quadratis, 9 preecedenti majori, fere transverso, 10 nono duplo majori, subtransverso, 11 ovato, basi truncato, apice acuminato. Prothorax capite latior, latitudine sua squilongus, antice posticeque attenuatus, latitudine maxima paululum ante medium, foveis later- alibus mediocribus, a latere distantibus, media punctiformi. HElytra latitudine sua longiora, basi attenuata, humeris parum notata, basi bifoveata, stria dorsali subrecta, ante apicem abbreviata. Segmenti primi dorsalis carinulis validis, paululum divergentibus, mediam partem disci attingentibus et circa quartam includentibus. Mas. Antennarum articulis tribus ultimis paulo majoribus. Metasternum late nec profunde, longitudinaliter impressum. Seg- mentis ventralibus 5 apice medio minutissime tuberculato, 6 depresso. Trochanteribus anticis basi minutissime tuberculatis. Femoribus anticis et presertim intermediis incrassatis. Long. 1:40-1:50 mm. 124 Annals of the South African Museum. This species will be easily distinguished by its peculiar colour. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). REICHENBACHIA DISCRETA, Raffray, NMERONS, js laue, delanills SOG, JUSSI, Wolls 3, TOs Se The female alone had been described. Mas. Metasternum late sed obsolete impressum.. Segmento ultimo ventrali magno, late deplanato. Tibiis intermediis apice intus minute calcaratis. I have seen now several specimens and I note that the last joint of the antenne is generally more or less infuscate. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). REICHENBACHIA MARSHALULI, Noy. spec. Brevis, crassa, rubro-ferruginea, pedibus antennisque rufis, istarum articulo ultimo plus minusve infuscato, capite, prothorace elytrisque punctatis, pube brevi subdepressa, grisea. Caput latitudine sua paulo longius, antrorsum vix attenuatum, foveis tribus subeequali-- bus. Antenne valide, breves, crass, articulis 3 breviter obconico, 4-7 subquadratis et longitudine decrescentibus, 8 leviter transverso, 9 paulo majori et magis transverso, 10 preecedenti plus duplo majori, trapezoidali et leviter transverso, 11 magno, irregulariter ovato, basi truncato. Prothorax capite paulo latior et latitudine sua nonnihil longior, lateribus parum rotundatis, foveis a latere distantibus, media vix minori. Elytra subquadrata, leviter ad basin attenuata, humeris notatis, basi bifoveata, stria dorsali integra, in angulo suturali desinenti. Segmenti primi dorsalis carinulis validis, paululum di- vergentibus, mediam partem disci attingentibus et quartam inclu- dentibus. Metasternum convexum. -Pedes breves, sat crassi. Mas. Antenne crassiores, articulis 7-9 magis ac magis trans- versis, nono fere lenticulari, 10 duobus przecedentibus majori, valde transverso, 11 magno, tribus preecedentibus simul sumptis longiori, irregulariter ovato, leviter compresso, basi truncato. Metasternum vix deplanatum. Segmento ultimo ventrali magno, deplanato, punctato. Trochanteribus intermediis medio tuberculo minuto preeditis, tibiis intermediis intus calcare anteapicali munitis. Long. 1:50-1:80 mm. This species much resembles discreta, Raffr., but can be distin- guished at once by its thick antenne. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). Description of New Species of South African Pselaphide. 125 Trine CTENISTINI. Gen. ENOPTOSTOMUS, Schaum, Wollast. Cat. Col. Can., 1864, p. 528. Generi Ctenisti, Reichb. valde affinis, differt corpore breviore et crassiore, antennarum articulis intermediis majoribus et clava in mare quadriarticulata, multo breviore, palporum articulo 2 mutico, articulis 3 et 4 solis appendiculatis. ENOPTOSTOMUS ALTERNANS, Noy. Spec. Rufus, pallide squamosus. Caput triangulare, tuberculo antennario magno, transverso, sulcato, basi foveato, inter oculos foveis duabus validis. Palporum articulo 3 ovato, oblique sito, 4 angusto, fusi- formi, transverso, ambobus longe appendiculatis. Prothorax ovato- truncatus, foveis tribus sulciformibus, magis squamosis. LHlytra latitudine sua multo longiora, basi attenuata, lateribus obliquis vix rotundatis, humeris notatis, subcarinatis, stria dorsali integra, valida, leviter arcuata. Metasternum sulcatum. Mas. Antennarum articulis 1-2 majoribus, 3-7 moniliformibus, quadratis, 8 cylindrico, quatuor preecedentibus simul sumptis zquali, 9 fere quadrato, 10 vix crassiori sed paulo longiori, 11 magno, duobus preecedentibus inzequali, irregulariter ovato. Segmento 2 dorsali primo vix majori. Femina. Antenne breviores, articulis 1-2 majoribus, 3—7 longitu- dine gradatim decrescentibus, 3 triplo, 7 vix dimidio latitudine sua longioribus, 8 transverso, 9 paulo majori, minus transverso, 10 multo majori, subquadrato, 11 magno, tribus peecedentibus simul sumptis longiori, subcylindrico, apice obtuso. Segmento dorsali 2 primo fere dimidio majori. Long. 1:40 mm. This species differs from every other one known in the eighth joint of the antenne being elongate in the male. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). Trine TYRINI. Gen. CENTROPHTHALMUS, Sch., Bestr., Mon.; Psel., 1838, p. 7. CENTROPHTHALMUS GRANDICORNIS, Noy. spec. Ferrugineus, longe pilosus. Caput elongatum, subtriangulare, tuberculo antennario latitudine sua longiori, cordato, basi transversim 126 Annals of the South African Musewm. haud impresso, valde suleato, isto suleo cum fovea frontali postice juncto, foveis duabus validis in linea oculorum anteriori sitis, spina infra-oculari brevi, crassa, acuta. Antenne valida, elongate, clava magna, dimidiam partem antenne sequanti, articulis primo cylin- drico, 2 latitudine sua paulo longiori, 3-6 paulo minoribus, sed magis elongatis, 7 paulo breviori, fere quadrato, 8 cylindrico, septimo plus quam triplo longiori, 9 preecedenti simili sed paululum crassiori, 10 paulo crassiori et breviori, 11 magno ad medium incrassato et apice obtuso. Prothorax breviter cordatus, foveis lateralibus elongatis, media lata sed obsoleta. Hlytra basi parum attenuata, humeris notatis. Segmento 2 dorsali primo paulo majori, carinis apicem attingentibus. Metasternum vix sulcatum. Long. 2°80 mm. This species is very much like marshalli, Raffr., but it is larger, the seventh joint of the antenne is shorter, and the infra-ocular spine is much shorter. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). CENTROPHTHALMUS GRACILIS, hoy. spec. Rufus, breyiter pilosus. Caput minus elongatum et antice minus attenuatum, tuberculo antennario subtriangulari, obsolete breviter suleato, basi transversim obsolete impresso, fovea punctiformi libera, in linea oculorum anteriori foveis duabus mediocribus, spina infra- oculari gracili, acutissima. Antenne valide, crasse, articulis 1 subcylindrico, 2 latitudine sua paulo longiori, 3-6 minoribus, fere transversis, 7 quadrato, 8 oblongo-ovali, preecedenti fere triplo longi- ori, 8-9 subovatis, paululum brevioribus et crassioribus, 11 magno, ovato, basi truneato, apice obtuso. Prothorax latitudine sua paulo longior, subcordatus, foveis lateralibus elongatis, media mediocri sed profunda. Elytra basi parum attenuata, humeris subrotun- datis. Segmento 2 dorsali primo fere duplo majori, carinulis ante medium segmenti secundi abruptis. Metasternum vix sulcatum. Long. 1:60 mm. This species is much smaller and lighter in colour than C. marshall, Raffr., and C. grandicornis, Raffr., it is much more like brevispina, Raffr., but the infra-ocular spine is well developed, thin, rather long, and the antenne are larger. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). The types of all these species are in my collection; those from Salisbury and Natal were captured by Mr. G. A. K. Marshall, those from Stellenbosch by myself and Mr. L. Péringuey. VIL—Description of Seven New Species of the Family Mutillide (Order Hymenoptera) in the South African Musewm.—By L.- PkERINGUEY, Assistant Director. Gen. METHOCA, Latr., Hist. Nat. d. Insect, 1805, xiii., p. 268. METHOCA PROCERA, nN. spec. ?. Black with the legs piceous, and the apical abdominal segment piceous red; antennz briefly pubescent; mandibles with a small inner tooth near the apex, head covered with very closely set round punctures, and clothed with a very short greyish pubescence; the antennal tubercles are very small and set under a rounded, longi- tudinal median frontal elevation divided in two by a fine longitudinal groove; the eyes are large, set forward, and occupy about the anterior median part of the sides, the posterior angles are much rounded, but not attenuate, and the base is distinctly sinuate; the prothorax is a little dilated, but not rounded laterally, the meso- thorax is bi-partite, and the metathorax is a little narrowed in front, dilated laterally behind and strongly declivous but not vertical at apex ; the whole upper part is deeply and irregularly punctured, but not striolate except on the sides and on the posterior part of the mesosternum; abdomen pedunculate, first and second segments smooth and very finely aciculate, third segment clothed with a very short sericeous pubescence disposed transversely in the middle, fourth, fifth, and sixth entirely pubescent, the last segment is closely aciculate on each side; legs very long, slender, densely setulose, spurs slightly brownish, but not dark. Larger and more robust than MW. hemorhoidalis, Westw. ; it differs by the absence of striation on the upper side, except for a small trace of it on the posterior part of the mesothorax ; the prothorax is 128 Annals of the South African Musewm. not so roundly ampliate, and the metathorax is more nodose towards the declivity ; the frontal groove is much more distinct, and the punctuation of the head very different, the punctures being smaller and very closely set, instead of being large and scattered about the striolate background. Length 18 mm. Hab. Transvaal (Johannesburg). A. Ross, Esq. Gen. APTEROGYNA, Latr., Gen. Crust. et Insect, iv., 1809, p. 121. APTEROGYNA CYBELE, Pér., Annals §. Afric. Mus., vol. i1., 1898, p. 35, @. g. Black, not very shining, and clothed with a long, very dense and very fine whitish pubescence, antennz with the exception of the basal joint and legs reddish; head small, closely and broadly punctate, eyes vertical, set in the anterior part, posterior part a little obliquely attenuate with the posterior angle rounded, basal joint of antenne not distinctly impressed in the anterior face; thorax rugose but shaped absolutely like that of A. globularw ; the three first joints of the abdominal segments are a little more elongate than in A. globularia, and more conical; they are covered on the upper side with very closely set foveze on the first and second, and with big punctures on the third, and are alveolate beneath, but the other seg- ments are closely punctulate above and underneath, and the hooked spines of the trochanters are strongly developed; the tegule are small and light brown, the wings are hyaline with the nervules light chestnut brown, the anterior margin of the fore-wings above the stigma is narrowly suffused with the same colour, and there is a large, transverse patch of light brown reaching from the anterior margin to the median part of the wing and situated at a short distance from the apex. Length 12-13 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (Willowmore). Dr. H. Brauns. It is most probable, judging from the difference in the two sexes of this species, that Apterogyna globularia, Fab., is the male of A, clumene, Pér. Gen. MUTILLA, Linn., Syst. Nat. Ed. 10a, 1758, p. 343. Morita (DASYLABRIS) PHRYGIA, n. spec. ?. Head, prothorax, basal joint of abdomen, antenne, and legs pale brick-red, spurs of tibize fuscous, abdominal segments, except Seven New Species of the Family Mutillide. 129 the basal one which is densely fringed at base with flavescent hairs, black, and with the basal lateral part of the second and third, and the whole of the fourth clothed with flavescent hairs ; mandibles sharp at tip, scape and basal joints of the flagellum densely hairy, the hairs silky white, first joint short, conical, second twice as long as the first, and of the same length as the third; head small, densely clothed with silky white pubescence, eyes occupying nearly one-half of the sides, posterior angles very much rounded; it is about as broad as the anterior part of the prothorax, and is roughly and deeply foveolate ; thorax truncate at tip and nearly straight, ampliate obliquely laterally from the anterior angle to near the median part, and more obliquely attenuate from there to the vertical declivity where it is about one-third narrower than at the base; it is some- what convex, deeply foveate, the declivity is gradually sloping, the sides are not much serrulate, and towards the apical slope there is a moderately distinct tubercle; abdomen petiolate, first segment not very long, strongly nodose, punctate, setose, second segment ovate, covered from the base to two-thirds of the length with conspicuously elongate fovez having raised walls, but with the foveze smaller and the intervals sub-striate in the apical part; median part of pygidium strongly striate longitudinally from the base to half the length, ventral carina of first segment somewhat bluntly tri-dentate. Length 8 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (Uitenhage). Rev. J. A. O’Neil. MotTiInua Nais, n. spec. @. Black, with the prothorax ferruginous red, somewhat dark ;. abdomen sessile, and having a white pubescent patch in the centre of the basal margin of the first segment, a supra-lateral round patch on each side of the median part of the second ; the whole of the third segment is covered by a white band, and so is the apical segment ; spurs of tarsi white; mandibles rufescent, compressed, the left one truncate and distinctly trifid, the right one strongly dentate on the upper side, at about the middle of the upper part, obliquely attenuate from there, and with another small tooth between the median and the slightly bifid apical point; antennal tubercles sub-rufescent, scape slightly piceous red, not densely hairy, basal joint of flagellum very short, conical; head very briefly and somewhat sparsely pubescent, broader than the prothorax, a little attenuate laterally behind the eyes which are large and set forward, and with the posterior angles well rounded ; it is covered with elongate, irregular,. 130 Annals of the South African Museune. closely set alveole, the walls of which hardly form a plication even at about the median part; thorax sub-parallel, but a little emarginate laterally in the middle, not broader in the anterior part, which is sloping on each side, than at the apex where it is almost vertically declivous, and covered with deep, elongate fovez, with moderately raised, sinuose walls; the sides are serrulate, and in the median posterior margin there is a sharp, longitudinal carina, ending in an acute, horizontal spine above the declivity, and having three a little more slender ones on each side of it; the outer angles are sharp, but not spinose ; abdomen sessile, basal joint ampliate and fitting against the second one, but not quite as broad, second ampliato-ovate ; all the segments are closely punctate, the punctures in the central dorsal part of the second are deeper and slightly elongate, but have no raised walls, and the whole of the pygidium is striate longitudinally. Length 10 mm. The shape of the mandibles and the spines on the declivous part of the prothorax will easily lead to the identification of this species. Hab. Natal (D’Urban). C. N. Barker, Esq. MuTILLA CAMILDA, n. spec. 3g. Black, with the metathorax ferruginous red; prothorax with a clothing of dense, sub-flavescent hairs, apical part of the petiolate basal abdominal segment and also of the second, narrowly fringed with fulvescent hairs, third segment entirely covered by the same pubescence; head small, with the eyes large, prominent, non- emarginate occupying nearly half the sides, rugose, clothed with black and slightly flavescent hairs, the flavescent hairs situated on the vertex; mandibles with a sharp tubercle underneath, arcuate, sharp at tip, and with two inner small but distinct teeth between the median part and the apex; antennz somewhat massive, basal joint deeply grooved longitudinally in front; thorax sub-hexagonal, truncate in front, deeply foveolate on the whole of the upper side, but with the fovez on the metathorax broader ; the mesothorax is not carinate or grooved, but the posterior angles are produced in a long, slightly curved horizontal spinose tooth; the metathorax is convex, very much rounded laterally and very sloping; the tegulz are partly ferruginous red, the wings smoky, the radial cell is truncate, the stigma is indistinct, and there are three cubital cells ; the abdomen is petiolate, the basal joint is strongly nodose, deeply foveate, and set with long black hairs, the second is globose, densely hairy and covered for two-thirds of the length with sub-foveolate round Seven New Species of the Family Mutillide. 131 punctures with the intervals very little raised, the other segments are very closely and distinctly punctured, and the ventral carina of the first joint is short and almost triangular; spurs of tarsi black. Length 11-114 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (Uitenhage). Rev. J. A. O’Neil. Moutin~ia (DASYLABRIS) MASHUNA. 3g. Black, covered with dense black hairs, dorsal part of the pro- and meso-thorax clothed with an orange-red pubescence, basal part of the first and second abdominal segments having a dense fringe of silvery white hairs, third one entirely clothed with the white hairs; head moderately small, clothed with a black pubescence, deeply and closely punctured, eyes moderately large, not emarginate, jaws simple, joints of antennz moderately thick, basal joint deeply erooved in the internal face, and with the walls of the groove carinate ; pro- and meso-thorax deeply punctured, not very densely pubescent laterally, scutellum simple, not raised, metasternum parallel laterally and with the outer angles moderately rounded, strongly declivous, and deeply foveate ; tegule black, wings smoky, but with a chalybeate tinge from the median to the apical part, radial cell a little obliquely truncate at tip, stigma small, opaque, three eubital cells ; abdomen sub-petiolate, basal segment and the greatest part of the second, deeply and closely foveolate, the other segments and also the apical part of the second closely and deeply punctured ; the black pubescence is very thick, the ventral carina of the first segment is very sharp and truncate, the edges of the second and third segments are edged beneath with white hairs, some of which are also scattered on the pectus, the femora have a fringe of these white hairs, and the spurs of the tibize are black. Length 13 mm. This species resembles a little the g of M. mephitis, Sm. (IM. coryphasia §, Pér.), but the mandibles are not so strongly dentate inwardly before the tip, nor is the sub-vertical tooth beneath as greatly developed, and the basal joint of the antennz is strongly grooved, which is not the case in M. mephitis—the prothorax and mesothorax of which are clothed with black hairs only. Hab. Southern Rhodesia (Salisbury). Rev. J. A. O'Neil. MUTILLA ZOB, nN. spec. $. Black, with the first and second abdominal segments red ; head short, very transverse, densely clothed with greyish white hairs on 132 Annals of the South African Musewm. the vertex and in the frontal part; it is very deeply punctate; the eyes are large, vertical, emarginate, and the posterior angles are not much rounded; mandibles arcuate, sharp at tip and with a small inner tooth near the apex, no median tubercle or vertical projection beneath ; antennes moderately robust, scape strongly punctate but not grooved, first joint of flagellum very short, second and third of nearly equal length; mesothorax much rounded laterally, meso- sternum convex, and with three smooth longitudinal carinz, meta- sternum a little sinuate laterally, but sub-parallel, and with the outer angles moderately rounded; the surface is deeply punctured and that of the metasternum is alveolate and clothed with black hairs intermixed with white; these white hairs are denser on the prono- tum, and especially on the scutellum which is conyex and simple ;. abdomen sub-sessile ; the first joint is not quite as broad at apex as. the second, all are covered with closely set punctures which are larger on the first and second segments, and all of them have a fringe of not quite decumbent not very thick hairs and indistinctly inter- rupted at middle, except on the first and second segments where they are a little denser and shorter; the under side and legs are clothed with similar whitish hairs, and the tibiz are non-spinose outwardly and have white spurs; the ventral carina of the first segment is bi-dentate, and the second segment has a median, smooth, raised line, culminating at apex in a triangular smooth space ; tegulee piceous red, wings smoky except near the base, and having a small hyaline dot in the radial cell, a hyaline transverse line in the second and third cubital, and a dot at the apex of the second discoidal, stigma cellular, radial cell not truncate. Length 11 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (Uitenhage). Rev. J. A. O’Neil. This species is allied to M. speculatrix, Sm., but is different. NOTE. Mutilla autonoé, Pér., is pronounced by Dr. H. Brauns, who has caught it mw copuld, to be the male of M. merope, Sm. Mutilla artemisia, Pér., 3, is identical with M. atropos, Sm., with which M. albistyla, Saus., is probably synonymous. The name of Mutilla clelia, Pér. (Ann. S. A. Mus., vol. i., p. 443), should read M. cecilia, Pér. The name of Mutilla cyllene, used by me for an African species (Ann. S. A. Mus., i., p. 444) haying been already used for an American species, must be changed into M. saga. VITI.— Description of a New Species of the Genus Japyx (Order Thysanura) from the Cape Colony.—By lL. Pirinaury, Assistant Director. Famiry JAPYGIDA. Gren. JAPYX, Halid., Trans. Lin. Soce., vol. xxiv., p. 441, 1864. JAPYX PURCELLI, n. spec. Ivory-white turning to pale straw colour in the adult, but with the three penultimate segments and the forceps pale chestnut brown. 3S. Head ovate, almost white, but having in the centre of the frontal part an orbicular, slightly flavescent patch limited by a trans- verse arcuate impressed line; the posterior part of the head is grooved longitudinally, and the median part of the base is distinctly emargi- nate; it is dotted with numerous rigid sete, apical joint of maxillary palpi longer than the preceding, and projecting beyond the mouth cavity ; the antenne reach as far as the apex of the metathorax and have thirty-six joints, which are moniliform, swollen in the middle where there is a distinct ring of not closely-set sete, and decreasing gradually in size from the four basal joints which are glabrous, of equal length, slightly conical, but not quite as wide as the fifth; the three leg-bearing segments are produced on the upper side in a plate slightly overhanging the connecting membrane, attenuate obliquely backwards and longitudinally grooved in the middle, but not so deeply as in the seven abdominal segments following, which are transverse, twice as wide as long, of nearly equal width and have the edges sharp and horny, but the seventh is sharply toothed in the posterior angle, the eighth segment is horny, like the two following, and a little narrower than the one before, the ninth is of equal width 12 134 Annals of the South African Museum. but much narrower, and the last one is a little longer than the two preceding put together and is bi-carinate laterally ; the forceps are slightly reflexed, equal in length to the last segment and the branches are straight outwardly, but curved at tip; the inner part is serrulate and the left branch has a minute, not very distinct tooth at a short distance from the tip, while the right one, which is also serrate inwardly, has a distinct tooth at about one-third of the length ; on the upper part each segment has on each side a dorsal series of duplicate setae and a similar marginal one, but there is a semicircular series on the three prothoracic segments ; the spiracles are very distinct, except on the three last horny joints, and the ventral side is densely bristly; the three last horny segments bear also numerous fulvous bristles which are still denser on the forceps, and the seven basal abdominal joints have an apical, lateral, tri- articulate claw-like process; the penultimate ventral segment is deeply incised in the middle. 2. Usually a little larger than the male, a little more ampliate laterally and easily recognised by the shorter antenne, the more robust forceps, and the shape and sculpture of the three last segments of the body. The antenne reach barely the base of the mesothorax ; they have forty-two joints, the four basal are glabrous, the second and third are a little longer than the basal one, the fourth is much smaller, the ten joints following are somewhat compressed, transverse, twice as broad as long, set very closely together, briefly and densely setulose, and are gradually decreasing in length; the other twenty-eight are also gradually attenuate, but although being as nearly closely set as the previous ten, they are not quite so trans- verse and are more convex; the fifteenth joint is distinctly smaller than the fourteenth; the three apical segments, which in the male are simply punctate and have only lateral or marginal sete, are very rugose, almost roughly shagreened and are densely setose all over, the forceps are also much more strongly serrate and the inner teeth are much stronger; the seventh dorsal segment is ampliate laterally and the dentate apical angle is stronger ; beneath the pen- ultimate ventral segment is obliterated; the three thoracic dorsal segments are more developed, and being much more deeply impressed longitudinally in the centre, they have more the appearance of wing- cases. This species, and probably the others also, is very pugnacious. It curves its back so as to bring the forceps over its head in fighting, and examples have been known, when kept in a small receptacle, to cut one another in two. They are found under stones in the adult Description of a New Species-of the Genus Japye. 135 stage, but I have met with the young in gardens when the ground is being dug. In spite of their being eyeless these insects are ex- tremely agile, being greatly helped, like most blind insects, by the stiff setee of the body, which are doubtless sensitive to light. I propose to name this interesting insect after my colleague, Dr. W. F. Purcell, who was the first to discover it. Length (adult) 16-22 mm.; width 14-3 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (Cape Town, Stellenbosch, Paarl, Knysna, Mossel Bay). IX.—On some South African Arachiuda belonging to the Orders Scorp- iones, Pedipalpi, and Solifuge.—By W. F. Pourcerny, Ph.D. First Assistant. THE present paper comprises a revision of the South African Scorpions of the genus Parabuthus, descriptions of 7 new species and 3 new varieties of Scorpions, 1 new Pedipalp, 9 new species and 1 new genus of Solzfuge, and a list of new localities for species of Uroplectes, Opisthophthalmus, Solpuga, and Hezxisopus, together with notices of the local variations in structure or coloura- tion so frequently met with in many cases. OrpeER SCORPIONKS. Gen. BUTHUS Leach. BUTHUS ARENACEUS, N. sp. ?. Colowr.—Cephalothorax with its anterior margin, its crests and the ridges above the lateral eyes black; the ocular tubercle also black, except along the mesial groove, which is yellow; tergites of abdomen each greenish-ochraceous anteriorly but pale yellow posteriorly, the crests, especially the lateral ones, blackened ; superior crests of pedipalps and the 4 inferior crests of tal finely blackened. : 5 Cephalothorax wider than long; the upper surface hairless densely and finely granular throughout; the crests, including the superciliary ones, granular; the middle and posterior medial crests united on each side, forming a sharp angle at the junction which is 13 138 Annals of the South African Museum. situated just midway between the median eyes and the hind margin, the area enclosed between these medial crests, therefore, suddenly constricted in its middle and attenuated in its anterior half; middle lateral crests weak, especially posteriorly, not reaching the medial crests. Ocular tubercle finely granular between the crests. Tergites of abdomen all very densely and finely granular through- out, with 3 finely granular crests which are not recurved in the anterior segments. Sternites of abdomen all, including the first, densely and finely granular over the whole surface, the last with 4 very distinct, finely granular keels; segment 4 with 2 distinct lateral and 2 very weak and short, medial, finely granular keels, segments 2-3 with finely granular lateral keels, but no medial keels, segment 1 without keels. Tail moderate, with very few hairs; segments 2-6 of equal width, decidedly narrower than segment 1; segments 1-4 with 10 finely granular, well-developed crests; segment 5 with very finely granular superior and finely granular infero-median crests, the infero - lateral crests finely granular anteriorly but composed of coarser lobe-like teeth posteriorly, the accessory crests of the under surface distinguishable in the anterior half of the segment, the lateral surfaces with rudiments of an accessory crest along the middle and lobate at hind margin. All the caudal surfaces densely and finely granular throughout in segments 1-5; the vesicle weakly granular, only the upper surface, a lateral and 2 inferior longi- tudinal bands smooth. Upper surface grooved along the median line in all the segments, and provided in segments 1-4 with a median area which is more minutely and densely granular than the lateral portion of the upper surface; this median area bordered on either side by a row of larger granules; upper surface in segment 5 strongly convex on each side of the median groove throughout the whole length, the convex portions densely granular and much more elevated than the superior crests. Vesicle very stout, at least as wide as and very much higher than segment 5; the aculeus weak, very short, much shorter than the vesicle. Pedipalps.—Femur finely and densely granular on all sides. Tibia finely and densely granular, the granulation on the almost smooth posterior surface very weak and minute, the anterior and posterior sides almost parallel in the middle third. Hand slenderer than the tibia, very minutely granular, the posterior surface almost smooth ; hand with 2 anterior and 2 posterior weakly crenular or almost smooth crests, and with rudiments of other crests on the upper South African Arachnida 139 surface ; fingers with 11 main rows of teeth, the movable finger with 12 anterior flanking teeth, its length 2} times that of hand- back. Legs—Femora and tibie finely granular, with granular keels. Pectines with 18 teeth, the posterior basal lamella of the scape sharply angular at the posterior inner corner, bearing 2 teeth on its hind margin, the scape itself not reaching apex of trochanter. Locality —1 ¢ (Reg. No. 2206) found by Mr. M. Schlechter between Henkries and Wolftoon in Little Bushmanland, Namaq. Div., Cape Colony, in February. As no genital stylets could be found I conclude the specimen must be a @. Measurements.—Total length 35 mm.; length of cephalothorax 41, of tail 21, of fourth caudal segment 34, of tibia of pedipalp 44, of movable finger 5; width of fourth caudal segment 2, of tibia of pedipalp 1-6. This is, I believe, the second specimen of the genus recorded from South Africa, the only other example being the type of B. conspersus Thor. from “ Caffraria.’”’ The latter, besides being greenish-red, with 5 rows of black spots above, the vesicle banded with infuscate stripes and the legs and pedipalps spotted with black, has almost smooth abdominal sternites but appears to agree in almost every other respect very closely with arenaceus. C. L. Koch (Arach. v. 6, p. 77) has also recorded a specimen of B. thessandrus (Koch) from the Cape, but this locality seems doubtful. Gen. PARABUTHUS Poe. (A revision of the South African species.) A revision based on an examination of a large series of specimens from different localities is still needed for a clear conception of the South African species of this genus, and although several of the described species are still unrepresented in the Collection the latter is nevertheless sufficiently large for this purpose, as the list of specimens given below will show. Specific Characters.—Excellent specific characters showing little or no variation are afforded by (1) the form and size of the shagreened area on the upper surface of the first caudal segment, (2) the degree in which the middle lateral keel is developed in the fourth segment, (3) the granulation of the lower surface and of the 140 Annals of the South African Museum. upper edges of the fifth segment, (4) the relative width of the tibia and hand of the pedipalp in the adults of both sexes, (5) the shape of the tibia of the pedipalp, (6) the form of the posterior upper eage and of the infero-lateral keels of the second and third segments, (7) the size of the vesicle, &. Slightly more variable but not un- important characters are the relative width of the caudal segments, the duplication of the superior crests in segment 4, the form of the basal lamella of the scape of the pectines in the ?, &c. The form of the shagreened area on the second caudal segment, the number of the flanking teeth on the fingers of the pedipalps, the colouration, and a few other characters, may vary considerably in the same species according to the locality of the specimens. Sexual Differences.—The g , even while young, is easily distinguish- able from the ? owing to the presence of a pair of little chitinous stylets, which are situated in the posterior region of the genital orifice and become visible on lifting the halves of the operculum. In the ? the operculum is also divided into two halves, but there are no stylets. Besides this there are other sexual differences, notably in the structure of the pectines. In the @ the basal lamella of the scape bears one or no teeth on its posterior side, which is nearly always produced into a large, broad, obtuse lobe. In the g the scape is generally angular and only slightly, if at all, produced at the base behind and toothed almost throughout its length, the basal lamella mostly bearing 2 or 3, rarely only 1 tooth on its hind margin. The basal lamella is, however, produced in the & of calvus — and not produced in the 2 of granulatus. Sometimes also the proximal tooth of the pectines is reduced in size in the 2. The number of the teeth generally runs higher in the males than in the females. In the adult g also the hand and to a lesser degree the tibia of the pedipalp is generally stouter, the fingers are rela- tively shorter, and the granulation of the tergites and cephalothorax is sometimes more pronounced than in the ?. In all stages pre- ceding the adult form the hand and fingers of the § nearly resemble those of the ? in their proportions. I have been unable to detect any differences in the tail between the g and 2 which may with certainty be regarded as sexual characters. Distribution.—The narrow strip of rainy country along the south coast is inhabited by a single species, capensis, which is, however, very abundant and extends from the Divs. of Tulbagh, Worcester, and Caledon in the west, eastwards at least as far as the Divs. of Port Elizabeth and Albany. Northwards the species extends for a short distance into the lower parts of the Karroo, where it mingles South African Arachnida. 141 with neglectus and granulatus, eg., in the Divs. of Worcester, Robertson, and Uitenhage. To the north-east of this coast strip is an area of unknown extent but comprising the Divs. of Graaff Reinet and Albert, which is inhabited by a variety of capensis which I have called frenchi. To the north of the rainy coast strip is a vast dry and elevated area of karroo-like country with very little rain, inhabited principally by the two species neglectws and granulatus, which are found right up to Bushmanland and German South-West Africa, while to the east granulatus has been found to occur as far as the Divs. of Victoria West and Uitenhage. The actual northern and eastern limits of these species are, however, not yet known. P. calvus has been found in only two localities in the Divs. of Calvinia and Clanwilliam, 7.e., within the distribution area of neglectus and granulatus. It is, however, exceedingly rare. In the north-western part of Cape Colony is an extremely arid tract of country known as Great and Little Bushmanland (forming part of the Divs. of Kenhart and Namaqualand), the fauna of which appears to resemble that of German South-West Africa rather than that of the rest of Cape Colony. In this region no fewer than six species, viz., brevimanus, levifrons, villosus, schlechteri, neglectus, and granulatus, have recently been collected by Mr. Max Schlechter, who found them living side by side. Of these the first four are not known to occur in other parts of the Colony to the south of the Orange River, while at least four, but probably all of them, are found in German South-West Africa. From the latter region another form, P. raudus (Sim.), has been recorded by Simon. The only other species which have been described from Cape Colony are P. flavidus Poc., P. obscurus and pachysoba Penth., all from Bechuanaland, but unfortunately the Museum possesses no material from this part of the country. Only one species, P. transvaalicus Pure., has been recorded from the Transvaal, and one, P. mosambicensis (Pet.), from Rhodesia. The South African species known to me may be determined from the following table :— a. Posterior upper edge of 2nd caudal segment strongly elevated and curved forwards in the middle. Legs yellow. Western Divs. of Cape Colony (from Tulbagh and Worcester Divs. northwards), German South - West PeeAG nS ic A icic\ leis e's; «seis sie Oaks neglectus: Pure, b. Posterior upper edge of 2nd caudal segment perfectly straight. a’. Sides and under surface of 4th caudal segment densely and finely 142 Annals of the South African Museum. granular throughout, but without crests. Bushmanland (Cape Colony), German South-West Africa .. .. .. .. .. 3. P. brevimanus (Thor.). b'. Sides and under surface of 4th caudal segment either with crests or not densely granular throughout. a?, Middle lateral crest on 4th caudal segment strong and well developed, coarsely granular throughout. as. 63, Superior crest in segment 5 more or less obliterated in the middle of the segment by the dense granulation of the sides, which extends here over the superior edges right up to the indistinct row of 4-6 low rounded (rarely conical) granules representing the accessory crests. Cephalothorax finely granular. (Upper surface of 1st caudal segment very flat, as wide as long, with parallel sides, the shagreened area occupying more than half the width of this surface. Hand never thicker than the tibia of pedipalp.) a‘. Upper surface of 2nd caudal segment with large shagreened area extending continuously from anterior to posterior margin. South-coast Divs. of Cape Colony .. la. P. capensis (H. & E.). o4. Upper surface of 2nd caudal segment with an oval shagreened area on its anterior half. North-east Divs. of Cape Colony. 18. P. capensis var. frencht, nov. Superior crest in segment 5 always distinct throughout the whole length and very strong, sometimes slightly weaker in the middle of the segment, flanked here on the inner side by a short acces- sory crest of very coarse, generally sharply pointed or subspini- form, sometimes blunt, tubercles. Cephalothorax rather coarsely granular. a5, Segment 4 of tail always decidedly narrower than segment 1, the tail more or less densely hairy. Congo, Benguela, German South-West Africa, Bushmanland (Cape Colony.) 6. P. villosus (Pet.). bs. Segment 4 of tail wider or at least not narrower than seg- ment 1, tail sparsely hairy. a°, Caudal segments thickly granular at the sides and below, especially in the posterior segments. Legs and pedipalps dark brown to black. Transvaal. 7. P. transvaalicus Pure. b®. Caudal segments sparsely granular, the posterior seg- ments below more thickly granular. Legs and pedipalps yellow. Bushmanland .. .. .. 8. P. schlechteri Pure. b?. Middle lateral crest on 4th caudal segment rudimentary, except perhaps quite posteriorly. a’. b7. Tibia of pedipalps strongly prominent on anterior side, its length along the upper side only about twice its width at base of large anterior tooth. Cephalothorax about as long as wide. Bushman- land (Cape Colony), German South-West Africa. 4. P. levifrons (Sim.). Tibia of pedipalps slender, its length 23-3 timesits width. Cephalo- thorax much wider than long. a’. Upper surface of 1st caudal segment flattened, projecting step-like and then suddenly descending perpendicularly at the anterior margin of the very broad shagreened area; 4th and 5th segments almost smooth or with a few granules below. Calvinia and Clanwilliam Divs. .. .. .. 2. P. calvus Pure. South African Arachuda. 143 b®. Upper surface of 1st caudal segment not flattened but hol- lowed out from side to side, the narrow shagreened area not projecting step-like anteriorly but descending gradually in a median groove; 4th and 5th segments very densely granular below. Western half of Cape Colony (except along south coast), German South-West Africa.. .. 9. P.granulatus (H. & E.). § A.—Species in which the hand of the pedipalp is equally slender in the adults of both sexes, and never exceeds the tibia in width. la. PARABUTHUS CAPENSIS (Typicus) (H. & E.). 1828. Androctonus c., Hemprich and Ehrenberg, Symb. phys., Scorp. No. 10. 18392 Ae ross Cl Koch, Arachs, v2.0, p. 9o, fis. LOL. 1844. A. Kochu, Gervais in: Walckenaer, Ins. Apt., v. 3, p. 45 (Koch’s species renamed). 1889. Buthus planicauda, Pocock, Ann. Mag. N. H. (6), v. 3, p. 344, pl. 15, fig. 5. (The specimens described by Pocock as the g¢ of this form belong to a different species, as they have incrassated hands.) 1899. Parabuthus capensis, Kraepelin, Das: Tierreich, Scorp. and Pedip., p. 31. (Here also the 3, described as having incrassated hands, belongs to a different species.) 1900. P. c., Penther, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien, v. 15, p. 154. $ 2. Colowr.—Trunk (cephalothorax and abdomen) varying from ochre-yellow to dark olive-green ; tail mostly ochraceous, sometimes pale yellow or brownish to greenish-yellow, posterior segments not blackened ; legs and pedipalps pale yellow (sulphur-yellow in fresh specimens, becoming more ochraceous under the action of spirits). Cephalothorax broader than long, its upper surface densely and rather finely granular throughout and almost devoid of hairs; eye- tubercle granular except on the smooth superciliary ridge, moderate in size, the eyes medium-sized, the distance between them twice, rarely as much as 24 times their diameter. Tergites of abdomen densely and finely granular throughout, the granules in the anterior half of each of the first 6 segments very fine ; segment 7 with large, finely shagreened, mesial area, thickly granular over the rest of the surface, and provided with 4 strong lateral keels. Sternites smooth and polished, segments 1-4 granular only at the extreme lateral borders, and, in the 9, in front of the spiracles; seg- 144 Annals of the South African Museum. ment 5 granular laterally in the g, less granular or almost smooth in the 2, its 4 keels smooth or subcrenular. Tail stout, sparsely hairy ; segments 1-4 of equal width, or seg- ments 2-3 slightly wider than segments 1 and 4; segment 4 slightly narrower than, as wide as, or even slightly wider than segment 1; segment 5 high, segment 1 intermediate between segments 4 and 5 in height ; vesicle large, its width 3-? that of the fifth segment in its widest part. Segments 1-4 with 10 well-developed, granular, sub-moniliform keels; the inferior keels of segment 1 smooth anteriorly ; infero- median keels of segment 4 abbreviated or indistinct posteriorly ; middle lateral keel of segment 4 well developed throughout its whole length, not at all or scarcely weaker than the adjacent lateral keels of the same segment; superior keels of segments 2-4 often with a posterior granule enlarged and tooth-like, but not spiniform; superior crests in segment 5 distinct and well developed in the anterior third of the segment, and often again quite posteriorly, but more or less obliterated in the middle, where the dense granulation of the sides of the segment spreads over the upper edges right up to the indistinct row of 4-6 low rounded granules which represent the superior acces- sory crest on either side. Teeth of the inferior lateral keels in segment 5 often only slightly larger and broader posteriorly. Upper surface in anterior segments reticularly granular laterally, but very finely and densely granular (shagreened) mesially, the upper surface in the posterior segments smooth or nearly so. Seg- ment 1 very flat above, not grooved mesially, its upper surface * as wide as long, with parallel crests; the shagreened area very large, flat or only very slightly depressed, occupying in its widest part a little more than half the width of the upper surface, constricted posteriorly and then widened again at the hind margin, its anterior edge slightly projecting forwards in the middle, very broad, equalling half the width of the upper surface, which descends very suddenly and quite perpendicularly along this edge. Segment 2 also flattened above, its upper surface longer than wide, with parallel crests; the shagreened area generally lightly concave anteriorly, shaped as in segment 1, but longer and narrower, about 2-24 times as long as wide, occupying in its widest part half or almost half the width of the upper surface, the anterior edge descending nearly or quite as sharply perpendicularly as in segment 1, and almost straight or curving forwards only slightly in the middle. Segments 3-5 deeply * By upper surface is meant the highest portion of the segment, which is bordered by the superior crests. South African Arachnida. 145 grooved above along the middle, the groove minutely granular in segment 3, but smooth in segment 5d. Lateral and under surfaces thickly and, for the most part, finely granular between the keels, except in segment 1, which is generally more or less smooth below; segment 5 very thickly granular through- out on the sides and below, the under surface with larger blunt granules scattered about between the median and lateral crests, without, however, forming accessory crests, the median crest formed of a raised ridge along which coarse granules are irregularly arranged, often almost biseriately, the anterior part, however, often (more rarely the whole), forming a regular single series. Pedipalps.—Femur finely granular above. Upper surface of tibia finely but often very weakly granular, without distinct anterior crest ; anterior and posterior sides of tibia nearly parallel in the middle, the length along the upper side inthe ? 22-24 times, in the § 24-22 times its width at the base of large anterior tooth. Hand smooth, slender, its width equalling or even slightly less than that of the tibia in both sexes ; length of movable finger in the 2? about 21-21 times, in the adult g slightly less, about 2-21 times the length of hand-back, this finger normally with 13, more rarely 12, anterior (inner) flanking teeth (counting in the inner distal pair at the apex of the most distal of the main rows), the main rows composed of 6-9 teeth (including the enlarged tooth) in the middle third of the finger. Pectines with 28-35 teeth in the ? , and 32-36 teeth in the g, the posterior basal lamella of scape produced into a broad lobe behind in the @, normal in the ¢. Measurements * of a 2 .—Total length 83; length of cephalothorax 84, width 92; distance of eyes from anterior margin 34, from posterior margin 41; length of femur of pedipalp 62, of tibia 62, of hand-back 3, of movable finger 8; width of femur 21, of tibia 22, of hand 24; length of tail 45; length and width of first caudal segment 6, 64, of second 64, 64, of third 62, 64, of fourth 74, 6, of fifth 9, 52, of sixth 83,5; height of fourth segment 54, of fifth 5; length and width of upper surface of first segment 332. * Total length is measured from anterior edge of cephalothorax to tip of sting ; length of femur and tibia of pedipalps is taken along the upper side, that of the caudal segments laterally from the hind margin of the segment to the anterior edge of the large angular prominence which terminates the superior crests in front; width of tibia of pedipalps is taken just distal to the large anterior tooth or spike. In measuring the width of the hand, the latter is pressed against the tibia at right angles to it, so that the anterior finger is only a little higher than the movable finger, the width in this position being also equivalent to the greatest transverse diameter of the hand. In the width of the upper surface of a caudal segment the superior crests are included. 146 Annals of the South African Museum. Of a $.—Total length 65; length of cephalothorax 63, width 73 ; distance of eyes from anterior margin 2+, from posterior margin 33 ; length of femur of pedipalp 6, of tibia 6, of hand-back 3, of movable finger 64; width of femur 13, of tibia 2, of hand 13; length of tail 394; length and width of first caudal segment 43, 5, of second 51, 54, of third 54, 5}, of fourth 63, 5, of fifth 74, 43, of sixth 74, 3¢; height of fourth segment 44, of fifth 4; length and width of upper surface of first segment 3}. Locality.—This description has been taken from 13 sal , 12 ad. ?, and a large number of young of various sizes from ee Worcester Div. | Besides these, however, there are a number of specimens of all sizes from many different localities, making a total of nearly 300 in the Collection. These have been compared with the above descrip- tion and found to agree with it so closely that I have been able to detect scarcely any differences worth mentioning. In some males the number of the pectinal teeth runs up to 38. The largest 9 (from Worcester) measured 97 mm., and the largest gf (from Brakkloof) 66 mm. The species in its typical form appears to be confined to the southern districts of Cape Colony.* It is generally very plentiful, and occurs nearly everywhere within its area of distribution, which, so far as known, extends along the south coast from the Divisions of Tulbagh, Worcester, and Caledon in the west, as far as Port Elizabeth and Albany in the east, This area includes the moister coast-strip as well as the southernmost parts of the more arid karroo. The following is a list of localities from which specimens of the typical form have been obtained :— A. With the movable finger normally with 12-138, or with 13 anterior flanking teeth, in the latter case varying m some specimens to 12 or 14. (Western Districts.) (a) Tulbagh Div.—Piquetberg Road Station (2 examples, Lf. WV. Lightfoot); Waterfall Mountains, near Tulbagh Road Station (2 ex., R. M. Lightfoot, F. Treleaven). (b) Worcester Div.—Slanghoek (49 ex., h. Hrancke, W. F. Purcell) ; village of Worcester (18 ex., &. M. Lightfoot, I. Mewring, W. FP. * Penther records it from Mossel Bay, Port Elizabeth, Robinson Pass (north of Mossel Bay Div.), Grahamstown, and the Div. of Albany. The locality ‘‘West Africa,” given by some authors, is doubtless founded on mistaken identification. South African Arachnida. 147 Purcell); Brandvlei (12 ex., J. Meiring, W. F. Purcell); Hex River Valley (12 ex., Ff. Treleaven); Triangle (1 ex., &. M. Lightfoot) ; Touws River Station (12 ex., Dr. W. P. Le Fewvre, W. F. Purcell) ; Rabiesberg, near Nuy River Station (20 ex., &. Francke, W. F. Purcell). 5 (c) Robertson Div.—Village of Robertson (8 ex., Dr. &. J. M. Melle, W. F. Purcell) ; Ashton (4 ex., H. de Wet, W. F. Purcell). (d) Caledon Div.—Houw Hoek (9 ex., W. L. Sclater, W. F. Purcell, Mrs. W. F. Purcell); village of Caledon (35 ex. from the Venster Ravine, Mr. and Mrs. Ewald Watermeyer, Mrs. W. F. Purcell, C. ZL. Leipoldt, W. F. Purcell); River Zonder Hinde (1 ex., W. F. Purcell). (e) Bredasdorp Div.—Village of Bredasdorp and Mareus Bay (5 ex., (f) Swellendam Div.—Avontuur, near Storms Vlei (Mrs. W. F. Purcell); Bonnie Vale at Bushmans Drift on Breede River (Ch. Groom). (g) Mossel Bay Div.—Town of Mossel Bay (56 ex., J. L. Drége, W. F. Purcell). (h) Prince Albert Div.—Village of Prince Albert (2 ex., W. F. Purcell). One of these, an ad. 9, differs from all other specimens in the Collection in having the granules of the superior accessory crests of fifth caudal segment much higher than usual, distinctly conical and almost pointed, and the posterior tooth of the superior crests in seg- ments 2-4 long and rather pointed. B. With the movable finger normally with 14 anterior flanking teeth, varying in some specimens to 13 or 15. (Hastern Districts.) (<) Uitenhage Div.—Dunbrody, on the Sundays River (10 ex., fev. J. A. O'Neil); Coega (1 ex., J. L. Drége). (y) Port Elizabeth (16 ex., J. L. Drége, H. A. Spencer). (k) Albany Div.—Brakkloof, near Grahamstown, 7 2, 7 3, and 13 juv. from Dr. Schonland of the Albany Museum (coll. by Mrs. George White); number of pect. teeth in 9 28-33, in g 33-36. The principal feature of capenszs is the thinness of the hand in the ad. g. In almost all the other species of the genus the hand is more or less strongly incrassated in the adult of this sex, and the statement that this is also the case in capensis, made by several previous authors, is a mistake, doubtless due to the confusion of several species. I have never observed the upper surface of the tibia of the pedipalps quite smooth, but as the granulation here is often very weak, this may possibly sometimes be the case. 148 Annals of the South African Museum. 1. PARABUTHUS CAPENSIS var. FRENCHI, nov. A number of specimens, apparently differing from capensis solely in the shape of the shagreened area on the second caudal segment, represents a local variety of capensis, inhabiting an area to the north-east of that in which the principal form has hitherto been found. The shagreened area of the second segment forms a short, oval, and often rather deep depression, about 12 times as long as wide, and occupying slightly more than half the upper surface. At the hind edge of the upper surface a tiny shagreened area occurs in some specimens, and in one case this is almost connected with the anterior area by a few isolated granules scattered along the median line. Movable finger with 13-14 anterior flanking teeth, the main rows as in capensis. (a) Types, 1 g and 4 @ (all adult) from Graaff Reinet (Geo. French) (Reg. No. 5207), and 1 juv. from the same locality (C. L. Levpoldt) ; number of pectinal teeth in 2 32-35, in g 40; length of largest ? 70, of 3 70. (o) 1 g and 1 ¢ from Burghersdorp, presented by Dr. Schonland of the Albany Museum, in which are a number of other specimens from the same locality. These agree with the specimens from Graaff Reinet, except that I did not notice the tiny shagreened area near the hind edge of second caudal segment. Length of 9 77, of 3 60; number of pect. teeth in 2 31-33,in 9g 36. This variety was first collected by Mr. French, after whom it has been named. 2. PARABUTHUS CALVUS Pure. WSs), JE; Gay JeubeGelll, ANNO, fy), 4 OOS. OG, Ik, jos AG, Tolls tiivray e's A Besides the typical g we have a 2 specimen from Clanwilliam Diy., which differs in bemg much more granular and in having a narrower tail. This may perhaps be a different species. In the type the upper surface of the first caudal segment is wider than long, but the shagreened area is narrower than in capensis and only slightly widened in its anterior portion, which is only ? as wide as the upper surface of the segment. In the second segment the length of the upper surface is equal to its width and the shagreened area is parallel-sided, except for a slight posterior constriction, and a little more than three times as long as wide. The movable finger has 14 anterior flanking teeth and the main rows in the middle third of the finger are composed of 7-9 teeth. The following are some supplementary measurements, omitted in South African Arachnida. 149 the previous description of the g :—Length and width of first caudal segment 5, 64, of second 52, 64, of third 53, 61, of fourth 64, 5%, of fifth 7, 54, of sixth 62, 44; height of first 41, of fourth 43, of fifth 44 (this height was by mistake given as 32 in the original description) ; length of upper surface of first segment 34, width of this surface in its middle 33. § B.-—Species in which the hand wm the ad. § is more or less incrassated, exceeding the tibia of the pedipalp in width and thicker than in the @ and young. 3. PARABUTHUS BREVIMANUS (Thor.). 1877. Buthus b., Thorell, Atti Soe. ital., v. 19, p. 110. 1891. Heterobuthus 6., Kraepelin, Mitth. Mus. Hamburg, v. 8, p. 69. 1899. Parabuthus b., Kraepelin, Das Tierreich, Scorp. and Pedip., p. 32. 21901. P. cristatus, Pocock, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7), v. 7 pe os 9). ? Both sexes of this species have been minutely described by Thorell. The South African Museum possesses only male specimens, viz., 1 from Zandhoogte, near Ramonds Drift on the Orange River (Little Bushmanland), and 1 from near Naroep (Great Bushman- land), both places in Namaqualand Div. (spirit specimens, Maz Schlechter) ; also, an old dried § specimen, labelled ‘‘ Damaraland ”’ ('. Hodgson). The dried specimen measures 33 mm. in length, the 2 spirit specimens 364 mm. and 41 mm., while Thorell’s 9 measured 42 mm. and his @ 50 mm. Pocock’s 2 of cristatus measured 62 mm. in length. 3. Colour.—The recently killed spirit specimens are pale yellow, the abdomen, excepting along the hind margins of the segments, darkened in one specimen; median eye-tubercle and a curved mark on each side, enclosing the tubercle as in brackets, black. Cephalothoraz somewhat wider than long or as wide as long, finely granular throughout, the granulation coarser on the inter- ocular area in the dry specimen ; median eyes unusually large and near together, the distance between them only slightly exceeding their diameter, the eye-tubercle finely granular. Tergites as in capensis. Sternites.—Segments 1-4 granular only at the extreme lateral borders, segment 5 minutely granular throughout or smooth mesially. Tail moderate, sparsely hairy, the vesicle pilose. Segments 1-5 150 Annals of the South African Museum. of equal width (in the dry specimen), or segment 1 or 1 and 5 slightly wider than the others (in Thorell’s type the tail becomes slightly narrower posteriorly); segment 5 almost as high as segment 4; vesicle about + as wide as the fifth caudal segment. Segments 1-3 with 10 granular crests, the superior and the upper lateral crests rather weak but generally distinct, the middle lateral crest very weak, sometimes indistinct, the infero-lateral and median crests rather weak in segment 1 but strong and well developed in segments 2-3, the infero-lateral crests in these 2 segments strongly converging posteriorly towards the adjacent median crests, which they almost touch at the hind ends of the segments, the 4 enlarged posterior granules of the 4 crests in segment 3 forming together a characteristic, transverse, broadly U-shaped crest with the upright bars of the U much shorter than its width. In segment 4 only the superior crests are developed, all the others being obliterated by the dense granulation which covers the sides and lower surface. In segment 5 the superior crest is distinct in the anterior fourth or fifth of the segment, the rounded superior edges of which are densely and finely granular like the sides, but provided, however, with a couple of larger granules representing the inner accessory crests of the upper surface; infero-lateral crests of segment 5 distinct, with 2-3 of the posterior teeth enlarged and lobe-like. Segments 1-5 densely and finely granular on the sides and below, the granulation weak in the anterior, stronger in the posterior seg- ments; under surface of segment 5 without distinct median or accessory crests. Upper surface of all the caudal segments distinctly grooved along the middle, reticularly granular laterally but shagreened in the middle in segments 1-4, finely and weakly granular in the anterior but smooth in the posterior half of segment 5; from the anterior outer angles of the upper surface a row of granules extends obliquely backwards to meet the outer edge of the shagreened area, giving the latter a broadly cuneate appearance in most of the segments ; posteriorly the shagreened area is constricted and then widened again at the hind edge in segments 1-2; upper surface of segment 1 about one-half longer than wide in the middle, the crests parallel or slightly converging posteriorly, the anterior edge descending rather suddenly but not quite perpendicularly in the middle. Vesicle granular, especially at the base below. Pedipalps in § .—Tibia 22-23 times as long as wide, the anterior and posterior sides parallel in the middle third of the segment ; the upper surface finely granular, its anterior crest obsolete or more South African Arachnida. 151 or less distinct. Hand about 14 times as wide as the tibia; fingers short, shorter even than in the type, the proportion of the length of the hand-back to the movable finger being 3 mm.:32 mm. in the larger, 22 mm.:3} mm. in the smaller spirit specimen, and 3 mm.: 3 mm. in the dry specimen. (In Thorell’s typical 9 24 mm.:44 mm.). Movable finger with 11 (rarely 10) anterior flanking teeth, the main rows in the middle third of this finger composed of 3-5 teeth (including the enlarged basal tooth of each row). Pectines with 26-28 teeth in the g (in Thorell’s 3 specimen 29-30, in his 9 24); the posterior basal lamella of the scape normal, not lobate in the g (but produced into a broad lobe behind in the 2, according to Thorell). ; Measurements of largest § .—Total length 41; length and width of cephalothorax 44; distance of eyes from anterior margin 2, from posterior margin 21; length of femur of pedipalp 4, of tibia 4, of hand-back 3, of movable finger 32; width of femur 1, of tibia 14, of hand 13; length of tail 25, of first caudal segment 34, of second 33, of third 32, of fourth 44, of fifth 44, of sixth 44; width of first and fifth segments 24, of second, third, and fourth 23, of vesicle 21; height of fourth segment 24, of fifth 24; length of upper surface of first segment 2, width of this surface in its middle 14. This remarkable species is well characterised by the converging inferior caudal crests of segments 2-3, the U-shaped transverse crest of segment 3, the absence of crests from the sides and under surface of segment 4, the large eyes and the short fingers. Its area of distribution, as far as known, includes German South-West Africa and Bushmanland, in the north-west corner of Cape Colony. Pocock has recently described a species under the name P. cristatus, in which the second, third, and fourth caudal segments show all the structures characteristic of brevimanus. No structural character whatever is mentioned in Pocock’s diagnosis, which would dis- tinguish this species from brevimanus, but as the locality is stated to be the Congo and the total iength 62 mm. it would perhaps be unwise to assume that the species are necessarily identical. 4, PARABUTHUS LVIFRONS (Sim.). 1887. Buthus 1., HE. Simon, Ann. Soc. ent. France (6), v. 7, Dimato. O. 1899. Parabuthus 1., Kraepelin, Das Tierreich, Scorp. and Pedip., p- 30. The following description has been made from 3 3 with incras- 152 Annals of the South African Museum. sated hands (apparently adults, measuring from 49 mm. to 68 mm. in length) and 2 ? (64 mm. and 84 mm. in length), all from Nama- qualand Div., Cape Colony; also an immature g and 9? , measuring 50 mm. and 44 mm, respectively, from Kenhart Div., Cape Colony. 3 2. Colour.—Pale ochraceous ; the legs paler sulphur-yellow ; the abdomen sometimes slightly darkened; the last 3 caudal seg- ments brown, in places sometimes almost black, the first 3 segments pale ochraceous; ocular tubercle black. Cephalothorax about as long as broad, its length sometimes slightly exceeding, sometimes slightly less than, the breadth ; extending from each side of the median eye-tubercle obliquely forwards and outwards nearly as far as the lateral eyes is a slightly depressed smooth area; the interocular area smooth and polished in the 2, but granular in the § (weakly granular in the young g and ? from Kenhart Div.); rest of the cephalothorax rather finely granular; upper surface almost or quite destitute of hairs; median eye-tubercle quite smooth, broad, the eyes large, the distance between them about 2-21 times their diameter. Tergites smooth or nearly so in the 2 (minutely granular in the 3) in the anterior part, more coarsely granular in the posterior part, of each of the first 6 segments; seventh segment thickly granular laterally, finely shagreened mesially. Sternites 1-4 finely granular only at the extreme lateral borders ; last segment with a few weak lateral granules, the keels often almost obsolete. Tail comparatively long and slender, sparsely pilose, the segments gradually decreasing in width from the first to the sixth (¢) or from the second or third to the sixth, the first 2 or 3 segments being then equally wide (¢), the fourth always decidedly narrower than the first ; segments 4 and 5 long and low, of almost equal height but sensibly lower than segments 1-3; width of vesicle $-¢ that of fifth segment; aculeus very long, longer than the vesicle. Segments 1-3 with 10 mostly coarsely granular keels, but the 4 inferior keels wholly smooth in segment 1 and smooth anteriorly in segment 2, the middle lateral keels also often smooth in the anterior part. Segment 4 with only 8 strongly developed keels, of which the infero-median ones are abbreviated posteriorly ; the middle lateral keel in this segment rudimentary, represented at most by a smooth, barely perceptible ridge anteriorly and a few, mostly weak granules posteriorly. Superior crests in segments 2—4 sometimes with a slightly enlarged but not spiniform posterior tooth ; this crest South African Arachnida. 153 in segment 4 very regular throughout, not interrupted in the middle ; in segment 5 distinct and well developed only in the anterior fourth of the segment (and occasionally again quite posteriorly), the rest of the rounded, superior, outer edge more or less thickly covered with irregularly arranged granules, the superior accessory crests repre- sented, much as in capensis, by an irregular row of low rounded granules, not distinctly demarcated from the rest. Inferior lateral crest in segment 5 with the teeth in the posterior half lobe-like and much enlarged. Upper surface in anterior segments almost smooth or reticularly granular laterally, very finely and densely shagreened mesially, the upper surface in the posterior segments smooth. Segment 1 flattened above, not grooved mesially, its upper surface considerably longer than wide, with parallel crests, its length a little exceeding twice the width of the shagreened area and about equal to the width of the vesicle ; the shagreened area large, narrower than in capensis, almost flat or very slightly concave, occupying in its widest part almost or quite half the width of the upper surface, constricted posteriorly, then widening again ; upper surface descending suddenly (but not quite so perpendicularly as in capensis) along the anterior edge of the shagreened area, which projects slightly forwards at the middie. Segment 2 less flattened above, especially posteriorly, its upper surface one-half longer than wide and about four times as long as the width of the shagreened area, with parallel crests; the shagreened area moderately concave, especially anteriorly, con- stricted posteriorly, then widened again, longer and narrower than in segment 1, occupying in its widest part only about 2 of the width of the upper surface; upper surface descending nearly as abruptly as in segment 1 in its mesial part along the anterior edge of the shagreened area. Segments 3-5 deeply grooved mesially, the groove finely granular in segment 3 and sometimes also in segment 4, but smooth in segment 5. Upper part of lateral surface more or less finely granular in segments 1-3, the rest of the lateral and the inferior surface smooth between the keels in these segments ; segment 4 granular posteriorly, but smooth anteriorly on the sides and below; ventral surface of segment 5 with a number of minute and some coarse conical granules, which do not, however, form defined secondary crests, the median crest strong, formed of a row of coarse conical granules ; sides of segment 5 smooth along the middle, but with some large and small granules along the lower part. Pedipalps.—Tibia thick, its anterior side strongly prominent, its 14 154 Annals of the South African Museum. length along upper side just about double its width at base of large anterior tooth ; the posterior surface and generally also the posterior part of the upper surface quite smooth; the rest of the superior surface finely but often weakly granular, with well-developed anterior crest. Hand stout and strongly convex anteriorly in both sexes, its width slightly exceeding that of the tibia in the @ and young g but considerably exceeding it (by about one-third) in the ad. g ; the length of the tibia, therefore, sub-equal to (or slightly exceeding) twice the width of the hand in the ? and young 3, and a little more than 14 times this width in the ad. g. Length of movable finger in ? about 12, in ad. § about 12 times the length of the hand-back ; this finger normally with 12-13, rarely only 11, anterior flanking teeth, the main rows in the middle third of the finger composed of 4-7 teeth (including the enlarged basal tooth of each row); in the oblique rows of 3 enlarged teeth on both fingers the anterior tooth is distinctly distal to the line joining the middle and posterior one in the 3, but to a lesser extent (sometimes scarcely at all) in the °. Legs.—Femora weakly granular externally, tibize smooth, some- times very weakly granular in 3. Pectines with 33-35 teeth in the 9 and 39-41 teeth in the ¢g, the posterior basal lamella of the scape enlarged and produced into a broad lobe behind in the @, normal in the ¢. Measurements of largest 2 .—Total length 84; length of cephalo- thorax 10, width 10; distance of eyes from anterior edge 4, from posterior edge 54; length of femur of pedipalp 7, of tibia 74, of hand-back 4, of movable finger 8 ; width of femur 24, of tibia 35, of hand 4; length of tail 52; length and width of first caudal segment. 7, 54, of second 732, 5+, of third 8, 53, of fourth 84, 5}, of fifth 93, 51, of sixth 10, 42; height of first segment 44, of third 5, of fourth 44, of fifth 44 ; length of upper surface of first segment 44, width of this. surface in its middle 34. Of largest g .—Total length 68; length and width of cephalo- thorax 74; distance of eyes from anterior edge 24, from posterior edge 4; length of femur of pedipalp 54, of tibia 6, of hand-back nearly 5, of movable finger 64; width of femur 1+, of tibia almost 3, of hand 4; length and width of first caudal segment 54, 43, of second 6, 48, of third 64, 42, of fourth 7, 44, of fifth 73, 4, of sixth 84, 3; height of first 3 segments 3%, of fourth 32, of fifth 34; length of upper surface of first segment 3%, width of this surface in its. middle 2+. Localittes.—Namaqualand Diy., Cape Colony :— South African Arachuda. 155 (a) 1 @ from Henkries and 2 ad. ¢ (including the largest) found between Henkries and Wolftoon in Little Bushmanland (Max Schlechter). (b) Lad. g from Naroep, Great Bushmanland (Max Schlechter). (c) 1 @ (the largest) from Naramoep, Great Bushmanland (Maz Schlechter). Kenhart Div., Cape Colony :— (d) 1 juv. 2 from Beenbreek on the Orange River, Great Bushmanland (Max Schlechter). (e) Ljuv. 9 from Pofadder, Great Bushmanland (H. G. Alston). This species is not known to occur south of Bushmanland in Cape Colony. Simon’s type-specimen, which was obtained by Dr. Hans Schinz in German South-West Africa, is evidently a ?, although described asa g; its colour is much darker, the caudal segments are subequal in width, and the legs are quite smooth. The stout hand and tibia of the pedipalps, the elongated tail with the middle lateral crest obsolete on the fourth segment, the smooth interocular area in the ?, &c., characterise this species very sharply. 5, PARABUTHUS NEGLECTUS Pure. 1899. P.., Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v. 1,*p. 433. 3 ¢.—Colour as in capensis, except that the vesicle is generally slightly darker than the other caudal segments. Cephalothorax as in capensis, except that the anterior half of the upper surface is generally (but not always) provided with a number of hairs; the eye-tubercle sometimes smooth in the groove above. Tergites and sternites as in capensis. Tail rather hairy. Relative width and height of segments 1-6 exactly as given in the description of capensis. Crests of segments 1-4 as in capensis, except that the superior crest in segment 4 is much more strong!y dislocated in its middle, the anterior part being often continued backwards on the outer side of the uppermost portion for a short distance or even along the whole length of the latter. Superior crests of segment 5 as in capensis, except that the accessory crests are more distinct, one or more of the granules which compose it being strongly conical and, especially the posteriormost one, often sharply pointed and tooth-like ; lateral inferior crests of segment 5 with the posterior teeth enlarged and lobe-lke. Upper surface of caudal segments in most respects exactly agree- ing with the description of capensis, the differences being (1) the anterior edge of the shagreened area projects convexly forwards in 156 Annals of the South African Museum. the middle in segment 2 as well as in segment 1, (2) the shagreened area In segment 2 is broadly and somewhat deeply excavated in its anterior two-thirds, (3) the posterior edge of segment 2 is strongly elevated and curved forwards in the middle above, forming a very characteristic tongue-like elevation, also developed although less strongly in segment 3. Lateral and under surfaces densely and in the posterior segments coarsely granular between the keels, except in the anterior part of segments 1-3 where they are more or less smooth; granulation on under side of segment 5 coarser than in capensis, very uneven, the larger granules strong and conical but not forming distinct secondary crests, the median crest as in capensis. Vesicle coarsely granular below and on the sides. Pedipalps.—Tibia stout, its anterior side strongly prominent a little proximal to the middle ; length of tibia along upper side in the ? 21-91 in the ad. g 24-21 times its width at the base of the large anterior tooth; upper surface finely granular, with its anterior crest obsolete or only partially developed; the posterior surface smooth or nearly so. Hand stout, its width somewhat exceeding that of the tibia in the ? and juv. ¢ and considerably exceeding it (by about one- third) in the ad. 9 ; the length of the tibia sub-equalling (or slightly exceeding) twice the width of the hand in the ? and nearly or quite 12 times this width in the ad. g. Length of movable finger in 9 12-12, in the ad. g 14-14 times as long as the hand-back. In not quite adult males the hand is scarcely thicker than in the °. Movable finger with 13 (rarely 12 or 14) anterior flanking teeth, the main rows in the middle third of the finger composed of 4-7 teeth (including the enlarged basal tooth of each row). Legs.—External surface of femora and tibie finely granular, or the tibia nearly smooth. Pectines with 32-36 teeth in the @ and 34-39 in the g, the posterior basal lamella of scape produced into a broad lobe behind in the °, merely angular in the ¢. Measurements of a 2 .—Total length 91; length of cephalothorax 94, width 10; distance of eyes from anterior margin 4, from posterior margin 42; length of femur of pedipalp 64, of tibia 7, of hand-back 41, of movable finger 83; width of femur 24, of tibia 34, of hand 34; length of tail 524; length and width of first caudal segment 63, 63; of second 72, 62, of third 732, 62, of fourth 84, 64, of fifth 10, 53, of sixth 94,5; height of fourth segment 55, of fifth (not including superior teeth) 42; length and width of upper surface of first segment 44. South African Arachuda. 157 Of a 3.—Total length 73; length of cephalothorax 72, width 8 ; distance of eyes from anterior margin 34, from posterior margin 4 ; length of femur of pedipalp 6}, of tibia 64, of hand-back 5, of mov- able finger 7; width of femur 2, of tibia 22, of hand 34; length tail 454; length and width of first caudal segment 53, 52, of second, 64, 54, of third 64, 54, of fourth 74, 52, of fifth 81, 5, of sixth 9, 44; height of fourth segment 43%, of fifth (not including superior teeth) 41; length and width of upper surface of first segment 32. Locality.—The above description has been taken from 18 2 (about 9 ad.) and 14 g (8 ad.) from Clanwilliam and Calvinia Div. (collected by Mr. Max Schlechter on the road between Pakhuis Berg and Oorlogs Kloof). In addition to these the Museum possesses a number of other specimens from the western Divs. of Cape Colony, making a total of 118 specimens in all, which agree with the above description in almost every respect. The largest g and @ (from Concordia, J. H. C. Krapohl) measured 86 mm. and 111mm. respectively. The pectinal teeth vary from 32-37 in the @ and from 34-41 in the ¢. Occasionally the posterior surface of the tibia of the pedipalp is finely granular. The movable finger has normally 13 anterior flanking teeth, varying in some specimens to 12 or 14. The additional localities are :— (6) Tulbagh Div.—1 @ from Waterfall Mountains, near Tulbagh Road Station (J. P. Cregoe); 1 2 and 1 juv. from Piquet- berg Road Station (&. M. Lightfoot). (c) Worcester Division.—1 Juv. from Touws River Station (W. F’. Purcell). (d) Clanwilliam Division.—3 ad. g,1 9 and 9 juv. from Olijven- bosch Kraal and Onder Berg Vlei in the valley of the Berg Vlei River, north of the Piquetberg Range (C. L. Leipoldt) ; 1 ex. from Blikhuis, south of Clanwilliam, 1 ? from Keurbosch Kraal and 1 ad. g from near Pakhuisberg, both in the Cedar Mountains (&. M. Lightfoot); 1 juv. from Rondegat, south of Clanwilliam, and 6 juv. from Boontjes River, near Pakhuis Berg (Max Schlechter). (e) Calvinia Division.—2 ad. 3,2 2 and 3 juv. from Nieuwoudt- ville and elsewhere in the Onder Bokkeveld (Max Schlechter, C. L. Leipoldt). (f) Namaqualand Division. —7 ad. g, 9 @, and 24 juv. from Garies, Concordia, Ookiep, Steinkopf, and MHartebeest Fontein (L. Péringuey, W. H. Turle, M. Schlechter, L. Mally, Dr. &. H. Howard, J. H. C. Krapohl). These include much the largest speci- mens in the Collection. In some the lateral surface of the fifth 158 Annals of the South African Musewm. caudal segment is less thickly granular than usual, being sparsely granular, or even occasionally almost smooth, along the middle. (g) 1 ad. from Agennys, Great Bushmanland, Namaqualand Division (MW. Schlechter), differing from all the other specimens in having the first 3 caudal segments pale ochraceous and the last 3 segments brown. The movable finger is rather short, being only 1; times the length of hand-back. (h) 1 2 (half-grown) from Great Namaqualand, German South- West Africa (Dr. R&. Marloth), with the superior surface of tibia of pedipalp almost smooth, except along anterior margin. The head-quarters of this species in Cape Colony appear to be in Clanwilliam Division, the western part of Calvinia Division, and the higher mountainous parts of Namaqualand Division, all of which tracts are very dry but have winter rains. Southwards the species extends into the territory of P. capensis in.the Divisions of Tulbagh and Worcester, where, however, only a few isolated specimens have as yet been found. Northwards it extends into Great Bushmanland, where it is very rare indeed, being here replaced by villosus, schlechteri, &ec. P. neglectus is a very distinct species, and is easily recognisable by the tongue-like elevation on the second and third caudal segments, the very large shagreened area on the first and second segments, and the stout tibia of the pedipalp. The Museum also possesses two apparently immature specimens, which are almost entirely black or brownish black in colour, only the tarsi and fingers being pale. These were found by Mr. C. L. Leipoldt at Onder Berg Vlei, together with a number of typical yellow speci- mens of neglectus (see above under d). Except that the tail is slightly narrower than is the case in yellow specimens of the same size, these black specimens do not appear to differ structurally from neglectus. 6. PARABUTHUS VILLOSUS (Peters). 1863. Prionwrus v., Peters, Monatsber. Ak. Berlin, 1862, p. 26. 1877. Buthus v., Thorell, Atti Soc. ital., v. 19, p. 103. 1889. Buthws v., Pocock, Ann. Mag. N. H. (6) v. 3, p. 348. 1895. Parabuthus v., Pocock, J. Linn. Soe., v. 25, p. 316, pl. 9, figs. 6a, 6b. 1899. Parabuthus v., Kraepelin, Das Tierr., Scorp. & Pedip., p. 31. The following description was made from 15 specimens from South African Arachnida. 159 Naroep, but it applies equally well to the other examples from Bushmanland enumerated below. S 2. Colowr, including that of under surface, varying from arich dark brown to black or greenish black, the fingers and also often the manus of pedipalps and the distal parts of the legs lighter brown; third sternite of abdomen generally with. a wide, triangular, pallid mark. Pubescence generally dense on the limbs, the sides and under ‘surface of tail, the hind margins of the abdominal tergites, and the ‘surface of the last abdominal sternite; the hairs reddish yellow, particularly long on the tail but short and velvety on the fingers of the pedipalps. Cephalothorax more depressed and relatively wider than in the other species of the genus; the granulation of the upper surface dense, especially coarse in the large specimens, the oblique depressed area on each side of the median eye-tubercle well marked, with much finer and, especially in the ?, sparser granulation; median eye- tubercle broad, granular before and behind and generally also in the groove above, the eyes small, their distance apart at least 3 and often nearly 4 times their diameter. Tergites 1-6 finely granular in their anterior, more coarsely granular in their posterior part ; segment 7 coarsely granular laterally but broadly shagreened mesially. Sternites.—Segment 1 finely granular laterally but smooth mesially in ? and juv. g, finely granular throughout or more or less smooth behind in the middle in the ad. 3 ; segments 2-5 granular at lateral and especially at lateral anterior borders in the ¢, more extensively granular laterally and sometimes also very minutely granular mesially in the ad. g ; lastsegment granular laterally and, in the g, sometimes also mesially. Tail stout, the segments successively and regularly decreasing in width from the first to the fifth, the first always considerably wider than the fourth; fifth segment high, the first intermediate in height between the fourth and the fifth (not including the superior teeth) or equal to the fourth ; vesicle very large, its width from + to almost equal that of the fifth segment at the widest part of the latter, the posterior part of this segment being generally equal to, but some- times slightly greater or less than the vesicle in width. Segments 1-4 with 10 strong granular keels, those on the under side of segment 1 generally more or less smooth anteriorly, the infero- median keels of segment 4 abbreviated posteriorly and often irregular and searcely distinguishable in the coarse granulation of the under 160 Annals of the South African Museum. surface. The superior crests mostly with an enlarged and often sharply pointed posterior tooth ; superior crests of segment 4 some- times single and continuous throughout, but generally more or less distinctly duplicated in its posterior half, the double crests very close together; superior crests in segment 5 strong and continuous throughout the whole length of the segment, sometimes slightly weaker in the middle, the accessory superior crest very distinct, composed of 2-4 large, sharp, conical teeth. Teeth of infero-lateral crests in segment 5 often scarcely or not at all enlarged posteriorly. Upper surface in all the segments reticularly raised, but otherwise smooth laterally (except for a couple of isolated granules in segment 1) but finely shagreened mesially in the anterior and smooth in the posterior segments. Upper surface of segment | flattened, or very slightly hollowed out from side to side posteriorly, not grooved mesially, a little longer than wide in the middle, the crests sub- parallel or slightly converging posteriorly ; the shagreened area very large, almost flat or only slightly concave, occupying at its widest part slightly more than half the width of the upper surface, constricted posteriorly and then widening again, its length almost exactly equal to twice its greatest width ; anterior edge of shagreened area projecting a little forwards in the middle, not so broad as in capensis, being somewhat less than half the width of the upper surface, which descends suddenly and perpendicularly along this edge. Segment 2 with the upper surface flattened laterally but provided in its anterior two-thirds with a deep, oval, shagreened depression ; the shagreened area occupying only about + of the width of the upper surface, 2-3 times as long as wide, quite absent from the posterior third of the upper surface, which is slightly depressed but not mesially grooved posteriorly ; anterior edge descending suddenly and perpendicularly or nearly so in the middle. Segments 3-5 mesially grooved, the groove finely granular anteriorly in segment 3, smooth in segment 5. Sides and under surface sparsely granular in the anterior and more densely and coarsely granular in the posterior caudal segments ; under surface of segment 5 densely and very coarsely granular throughout, the median and accessory crests being mostly entirely indistinguishable ; the sides of segment 5 granular throughout or more or less smooth in the upper part; vesicle coarsely granular below. Pedipalps.—Upper surface of tibia almost smooth, with the anterior crest indistinct or absent; the anterior side of tibia rather prominent, especially in the ad. g, the length along the upper side in the @ 22-22, in the ad. g 24-21 times its width. South African Arachmda. 161 Hand in the @ and juv. $ rather slender, its width less than that of the tibia in the @ and equalling it in the juv. g¢, but stout and about 14-14 times the width of the tibia in the ad. g. Length of movable finger in the ? about 21, in the nearly mature d nearly twice, and in thead. 3 only about 14 times as long as the hand-back ; the movable finger with generally 15 but often only 14 anterior flanking teeth ; the main rows in the middle third of the fingers composed of 5-7 teeth (including the enlarged tooth at the base of each row). Legs finely granular externally, or the tibiz almost smooth. Pectines.—No. of pect. teeth in ? 36-41, in § 38-42; posterior basal lamella of scape produced into a broad lobe behind in the ? , normiul in the 9. Measurements of largest ¢ .—Total length 128; length of cephalo- thorax 15, width 18; distance of eyes from anterior margin 62, from © posterior margin 8; length of femur of pedipalp 11%, of tibia 12, of hand-back 64, of movable finger 144; width of femur 4, of tibia 5, of hand 42; length of tail 79; length and width of first caudal segment 104, 10, of second 114, 93, of third 114, 94, of fourth 124, 9, of fifth 141, 82, of sixth 15, 84; height of fourth segment 74, of fifth (not including superior teeth) 74; length of upper surface in first segment 64, width of this surface in its middle 6. Of largest 3 .—Total length 108; length of cephalothorax 13, width 142; distance of eyes from anterior margin 52, from posterior margin 62; length of femur of pedipalp 104, of tibia 103, of hand- back 7, of movable finger 112; width of femur 34, of tibia 44, of hand 6; length of tail 68; length and width of first caudal segment 9, 94, of second 10, 9, of third 10, 8+, of fourth 11, 83, of fifth 12, 8, of sixth 123, 7; height of fourth segment 74, of fifth (not including superior teeth) 7; length of upper surface of first segment 6, width of this surface in its middle 54. Localities in Cape Colony.—(a) 10 3 (8 ad.) and 5 @ (varying from 92-128mm. in length) from Naroep, Great Bushmanland, Namaqualand Div. (Max Schlechter). The ad. § (with incrassated hands) measured from 92-108mm. in length, while the largest immature g¢ (with slender hands) was 94mm. long. (b) 1 juv. g from Ramonds Drift on the Orange River, Little Bushmanhland, Namaqualand Div. (Max Schlechter). (c) 1 large immature g (100mm. long) from Beenbreek on the Orange River, Great Bushmanland, Kenhart Div. (Mf. Schlechter). (d) An ad. § and ? from Pella, Great Bushmanland, Kenhart Diy. (Max Schlechter). 162 Annals of the South African Museum. (e) A very young specimen from Namies, Great Bushmanland, Kenhart Div. (JZ. Schlechter); fingers and base of aculeus pale yellow. In the Museum are also the following specimens from German South-West Africa :— (f) 2 large 2 stated to have come from Great Namaqualand (Dr. R. Marloth). Differ from the Bushmanland specimens in having the sides and under surface of the cauda more thickly granular (the distribution of the granulation closely resembling that of neglectus), the infero-median crest of segment 5 more or less distinct, the second caudal segment grooved mesially above, its shagreened area reaching to near hind margin, the movable finger with 16 anterior flanking teeth. (g) 1 ad. g (old dried specimen) labelled “ Walfish Bay,” Damara- land (Carrington Wilmer). Median crest of fifth caudal segment more or less distinct, shagreened area of second segment as in the Bushmanland specimens, hand very stout, 14 times as wide as the tibia, movable finger with 16 anterior flanking teeth. P. villosus is distributed along the west coast of Africa between the Congo and Benguela in the north (teste Pocock) and Bushman- land in Cape Colony in the south. In all specimens from this wide area the first caudal segment has been found to considerably exceed the fourth in width, this being the case in all our specimens, in Thorell’s, and in Pocock’s from the Congo and Benguela. This character may, therefore, be regarded as a constant one for the species, and to it may be added the uniformly dark colouration, the dense pubescence, and the very wide vesicle. 7. PARABUTHUS TRANSVAALICUS Pure. 1899. P.t., Purcell, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., v. 1, p. 434. @. Colour dark olive-green to nearly black, the tail for the most part dark brown between the keels, the legs and pedipalps dark brown to nearly black, the fingers and the distal portions of the legs yellowish; ventral surface of abdomen much paler, yellowish or yellowish brown, the pectines pale yellow. Cephalothorax much broader than long, densely and, in the large ?, rather coarsely granular throughout, the anterior half of upper surface often with a number of hairs as in neglectus, the eye-tubercle of moderate size, granular, the superciliary ridges smooth, the eyes rather small, the distance between them 2-24 times their diameter. South African Arachnida. 163 Tergites 1-6 densely and finely granular in the anterior, more coarsely granular in the posterior parts of the segments, segment 7 finely shagreened mesially between the inner keels, coarsely granular laterally. Sternites as in the ? of capensis, the last segment granular laterally. Tail stout, sparsely pilose; segments 1-4 subequal, or segments 1-3 increasing successively but very slightly in width, segment 4 slightly wider than segment 1; segment 5 high, segment 1 nearly as high as segment 4 but higher than segment 5; vesicle large, its width + that of fifth segment. Segments 1-4 with 10 very strong, coarsely granular crests, the infero-median crests smooth anteriorly in segment 1 but abbreviated or irregular posteriorly in segment 4, the middle lateral crest in segment 4 strong. Superior crests in segments 2-3 with an enlarged, sharply pointed, subspiniform, posterior tooth; these crests in segment 4 dislocated or more or less distinctly doubled in the middle, 2 or 3 of the posterior teeth much enlarged and subspiniform ; superior crests in segment 5 as in villosus, distinct and strongly developed throughout, the accessory superior crest very conspicuous, composed of 2-3 very large, subspiniform, posterior teeth and 1-2 smaller anterior ones. Infero-lateral crests of segment 5 with 1 or 2 of the posterior teeth somewhat enlarged and lobe-like. Upper surface in anterior segments somewhat reticularly granular laterally, densely shagreened mesially. Segment 1 less flat above than in villosus, lightly hollowed out from side to side, especially posteriorly, shallowly grooved mesiaily almost as deeply as in segments 2-4; the upper surface longer than wide in the middle ; the superior crests distinctly converging posteriorly ; the shagreened area moderately large, lightly concave throughout its length, which is about 24-23 times its greatest width, the latter occupying about 2 of the width of the upper surface; posteriorly the shagreened area is slightly constricted, then widened again, its anterior edge is narrow, and the upper surface descends less abruptly than in capensis and not quite perpendicularly. Segment 2 grooved mesially above throughout its length as deeply as in segments 3 and 4; the upper surface as long as or slightly longer than wide in its middle; the superior crests almost parallel; the shagreened area occupying the groove, almost as large as in segment 1 and similar in outline, reach- ing hind edge of the segment, its length 24-22 times its width, which at the widest part occupies about 2 of that of the upper surface ; anterior edge as in segment 1. The superior groove finely granular 164 Annals of the South African Musewm. in segment 3, bordered on each side by a patch of rather coarse granulation in segment 4, smooth in segment 5. Lateral and under surfaces of all the segments thickly and for the most part coarsely granular, especially in the posterior segments, segment 5 being thickly covered throughout at the sides and below with finer and coarser granules, the infero-median crest very distinct and regular in this segment, but the accessory crests not distinct vesicle coarsely granular below. Pedipalps.—Kemur finely granular above. Tibia moderate, its upper surface finely granular and with the anterior crest rudimentary but traceable, the posterior surface smooth, the length of tibia along upper side 24 times its width. Hand slender, its width slightly less than that of the tibia ; length of movable finger about 24 times that of hand-back; movable finger with 16 anterior flanking teeth, the main rows in the middle third of the finger with 6-7 teeth (including the enlarged basal tooth of each row). Pectines with 32-35 teeth, the posterior basal lamella of scape pro- duced behind into a broad lobe in the ¢ . Legs.—Femora finely granular externally, tibiz weakly granular or almost smooth. Locality—1 large and 4 smaller ° from the Transvaal, kindly lent to me for description by Dr. J. W. B. Gunning, of the Pretoria Museum. Two of these specimens are in the South African Museum. Measurements of largest 2 .—Total length 92; length of cephalo- thorax 92, width 11; distance of eyes from anterior margin 41, from posterior margin 5; length of femur of pedipalp 74, of tibia 8, of hand-back 42, of movable finger 10; width of femur 23, of tibia 34, of hand 3}; length of tail 53; length and width of first caudal segment 7, 74, of second 72, 72, of third 73, 7%, of fourth 83, 72, of fifth 94, 7, of sixth 94, 53; height of first caudal segment 6, of fourth (not including superior teeth) 64, of fifth (mot including superior teeth) 54; length of upper surface of first segment 4, width of this surface in its middle 4. This species closely resembles vzllosws in general appearance and in the granulation of the tail, but it is much less densely hairy, and the posterior caudal segments are relatively much broader and shorter. It is evidently closely related to the following form. 8. PARABUTHUS SCHLECHTERI Pure. S99) Pes), Purcell) Ann. Ss Aur viuss, ssl po. fan The following description was made from 5 ad. gf and 3 ad. ?, besides 1 juv. 2 and 8 juv. 3g of various sizes, all from Little and South African Arachnida. 165 Great Bushmanland, Cape Colony. Most of these were collected by Mr. Max Schlechter, after whom they have been named in recogni- tion of his valuable services in collecting the rich scorpion-fauna of Bushmanland. 3 2 .—Cephalothorax broader than long, rather coarsely granular above, the granulation in the depressions which extend obliquely forwards and outwards from each side of the eye-tubercle much finer and generally sparser or even almost absent, especially in the 2, the median groove also often sparsely granular or almost smooth in front of the eye-tubercle; the anterior half of the upper surface with or without a few conspicuous hairs ; eye-tubercle wide, situated only a little before the middle of the cephalothorax, the anterior surface and the groove on the summit sparsely granular in the g but generally smooth or almost smooth in the ?, the eyes medium-sized, the distance between them from 2+ to nearly 3 (in typical ¢ 34) times their diameter. Tergites and sternites as in capensis, excepting that the granula- tion on the tergites is coarser. Tail stout, sparsely pilose, the hairs long, most numerous on the vesicle ; anterior segments successively increasing in width from the first to the third, the fourth segment stout, as wide as the third, and always decidedly wider than the first; segment 5 high, segment 1 intermediate between segments 4 and 5 in height; vesicle large, its width 3—§ that of the widest part of segment 5. Caudal keels very closely agreeing with the description of those of transvaalicus ; the enlarged posterior teeth of the superior crests generally very strong, long and sharp, occasionally, however, all of them, including those of the fourth and fifth segments, obtuse and stunted ; the superior crests in segment 4 generally merely dis- located and more or less indistinctly doubled for a short distance in its middle but not distinctly doubled. throughout the whole posterior part ; the superior crests in segment 5 sometimes weaker and slightly irregular, although always distinct, in the middle. Inferior lateral crests in segment 0 with the posterior teeth somewhat enlarged. Upper caudal surfaces smooth laterally, finely shagreened mesially in the anterior segments. Segment 1 with the upper surface much as in villosus, being generally flat (or slightly hollowed out from side to side posteriorly) but not grooved mesially, this surface as long as or slightly longer than wide in its middle; the superior crests parallel or slightly converging posteriorly; the shagreened area moderately large, almost flat, only very slightly depressed, its length about 2-24 times its greatest width, the latter occupying 166 Annals of the South African Museum. about 4 the width of the upper surface; posteriorly the shagreened area is constricted, and then slightly widened again at the hind margin ; at its anterior edge the surface descends, as in transvaalicus, less abruptly than in capensis and not quite perpendicularly. Segment 2 with a moderately large oval excavation occupying only the anterior half of the upper surface, the posterior half of which is shallowly grooved along the middle and quite smooth; the shagreened area small, confined to the anterior concavity, about twice as long as wide, its length only half, its width +4 times, that of the upper surface. Segment 3 grooved mesially above, the anterior half of the groove deeper and finely granular. Segments 4 and 5 grooved mesially, the groove smooth in segment 5, weakly and very finely granular or almost smooth in segment 4 and not bordered on each side by coarser granules. Lateral surface in segment 1 granular in its upper part, the inferior surface of this segment smooth or nearly so between the keels ; segments 2-3 almost smooth on the sides between the keels or provided with a few coarse granules (occasionally with some very minute and weak reticular granulation in addition), the inferior surface, however, generally more thickly granular between the median keels ; segment 4 coarsely and rather thickly granular below, more sparsely granular, sometimes almost smooth, on the sides: segment 5 thickly covered below with fine and coarse granules, the median crest distinct, regularly uniseriate or irregularly granular, the accessory crests indistinct or partially developed ; sides of the fifth segment sparsely and coarsely granular in the lower part but generally nearly smooth in the upper part, the surface sometimes with a very minute granulation in addition to the coarse granules. Vesicle coarsely and seriately granular below. Pedipalps.—Femur finely granular above. Tibia finely granular above, the anterior crest of upper surface mostly distinct and well developed, sometimes weak and irregular, the length of tibia along upper side in the @ 22, in the ad. # 24 times its width. Hand slender in the and juv. ¢,its width slightly less than that of the tibia, but stout and exceeding the tibia in width (by about 4-1) in the ad. ¢ ; length of movable finger in @ 23-22, in ad. g 13-13 times that of hand-back; movable finger with generally 14 but often with 15 anterior flanking teeth, the main rows in the middle third of the fingers with 5-8 teeth (including the enlarged basal tooth of each row). Legs with the femora thickly and the tibise weakly granular externally. South African Arachnida. 167 Pectines with 39-45 teeth in the ? and 46-51 in the g ; the posterior basal lamella of the scape produced into a broad lobe behind in the 2, normal in the ¢. Measurements of 2 (type).—Total length 108; length of cephalo- thorax 113, width 122; distance of eyes from anterior margin 5, from posterior margin 54; length of femur of pedipalp 9, of tibia 94, of hand-back 43, of movable finger 11; width of femur 3, of tibia 33, of hand 32; length of tail 62; length and width of first caudal segment 74, 8, of second 83, 84, of third 91, 84, of fourth 104, 84, of fifth 12, 7}, of sixth 112, 62; height of fourth segment 62, of fifth (not including superior teeth) 64; length of upper surface of first segment 5, width of this surface in its middle 44. 3 (from same locality).—Total length 95; length of cephalothorax 101, width 12; distance of eyes from anterior margin 42, from posterior margin 5; length of femur of pedipalp 9, of tibia 94, of hand-back 52, of movable finger 10; width of femur 23, of tibia 34, of hand 4; length of tail 60; length and width of first caudal segment 71, 72, of second 83, 8, of third 82, 84, of fourth 101, 84, of fifth 114, 7, of sixth 114, 52; height of fourth segment 64, of fifth (not including superior teeth) 6; length of upper surface of first segment 43, width of this surface in its middle 44. Distance of median eyes from anterior margin in another specimen 42, from posterior margin 42. Localities. —(a) Little Bushmanland: 1 ad. 2 (type) and lad. ¢ from between Henkries and Wolftoon, Namaqualand Div. (Max Schlechter). Legs and pedipalps pale yellow ; trunk brownish yellow ; tail pale ochraceous, the terminal segments brownish yellow; chelicerze not blackened. (6) Great Bushmanland: 1 ad. ? and 2 juv. from Naroep, Nama- qualand Div. (Max Schlechter); 1 ad. 2,3 ad. g and several juv. from Namies, Zwart Modder, Beenbreek, and Bladgrond, all in Kenhart Div. ((Max Schlechter); and 2 juv. from Pofadder, Kenhart Diy. (H. G. Alston). These specimens differ considerably from the types in their darker colouration. The trunk is dark brown to greenish black, the tail yellowish brown to brown, the posterior segments and the vesicle darker brown to olive-green below (in young specimens the whole tail often dark olive-green), legs and pedipalps pale yellow, chelicerz dark olive-green distally. This species is closely allied to transvaalicus, from which it differs principally in having ithe surfaces of the tail much less thickly granular and the posterior caudal segments more incrassated. It is evidently also closely related to rawdus (Simon) from German 168 Annals of the South African Museum. South-West Africa, from which it appears to differ in having the first caudal segment not deeply grooved above along the middle. 9, PARABUTHUS GRANULATUS (H. & E.) 1828. Androctonus g., Hemprich & Ehrenberg, Symb. phys., Scorp., No. 10. 1887. Buthus fulvipes, Simon, Ann. Soc. ent. France (6), v. 7, p. 378. 1899. Parabuthus granulatus, Kraepelin, Das Tierreich, Scorp. and Pedip., p. 30. - The following description was made from 7 g (5 ad. with in- crassated hands) and 6 2 (2 or 3 ad.) from Port Nolloth, Steinkopf, and other places in the Div. of Namaqualand (exclusive of Bush- manland), Cape Colony (L. Péringuey, Dr. R. H. Howard, W. H. Turle). 3 2. Colowr.—Trunk and ‘tail pale ochraceous to ochraceous brown, the posterior caudal segments scarcely, if at all, darker than the anterior ones; legs pale yellow; pedipalps pale yellow to ochraceous, finger sometimes darkened at base; cheliceree not reticulated with black. Cephalothorax much wider than long, densely and rather coarsely granular throughout, and devoid of conspicuous hairs on the upper surface ; eye-tubercle situated before the middle, moderate in size, granular in the groove, the superciliary ridges smooth or weakly erenular, the eyes rather small, the distance between them about 2-91 times their diameter. Tergites 1-6 each finely granular anteriorly, coarsely granular posteriorly ; segment 7 finely shagreened mesially, coarsely granular laterally. Sternites.—Segment 1 broadly granular laterally under the pectines, especially in the ad. ¢, in which the mesial part is smooth, or very minutely granular also; segments 2-4 granular at extreme lateral borders, and often also behind the spiracles, especially in the ¢, granular also before the spiracles in the ad. g ; segment 5 more or less coarsely granular laterally in g, less granular in ?, the 4 keels smooth or crenular. Tail stout, almost hairless; segments 1-3 of equal width and wider than segment 4, or segments 2 and 3 equally wide and slightly wider than segments 1 and 4, segment 4 as wide as or slightly narrower than segment 1; segment 4 high, segment 5 rather low, segment 1 intermediate in height between segments 4 and 5; South African Arachnida. 169 vesicle small, its width only about 2 that of the widest part of ‘segment 5. Segments 1-3 with 10, segment 4 with only 8, strong, coarsely granular keels; the infero-medial keels smooth or weakly crenular in segment 1, more or less abbreviated posteriorly in segment 4; the middle lateral crest in segment 4 rudimentary, except quite posteriorly, very much weaker than the adjacent lateral crests of the same segment; fifth segment often slightly dilated inferiorly, the infero-lateral crests with the teeth much enlarged and lobe-like in the posterior half of the segment; superior crests in segments 2—4 or 3-4 often with an enlarged but not sharply spiniform posterior tooth, these crests in segment 4 perfectly regularly uniseriate throughout, without trace of dislocation or duplication in the middle; the superior crests in segment 5 strong and distinct only in the anterior third or half of the segment, the rounded, superior, lateral edges being smooth or almost smooth posteriorly, but covered in the middle of the segment with low blunt granules, which are continuous with and resemble those on the lateral surfaces; there are no distinct inner accessory crests on the upper ‘surface. Upper surface of segment 1 not flat but hollowed out from side to side and deeply grooved mesially, not sharply demarcated anteriorly, where it slopes downwards evenly and gradually in the middle, the lateral parts of this surface with some coarse or fine granulation or nearly smooth, the crests slightly converging posteriorly; the shagreened area confined to the deep groove, narrow, occupying less than 4 of the width of the upper surface, its length about 4 times its width. Upper surface in segments 2-5 smooth or sparsely granular laterally, deeply grooved mesially, the groove finely granular anteriorly but smooth posteriorly in segments 2—4, smooth in segment 9. Anterior segments rather weakly and for the most part sparsely granular between the keels on the lateral and inferior surfaces, segment 1 being almost smooth below; segments 4-5 very densely covered with low, coarse, rounded granules on the whole of the lateral and inferior surfaces, the granulation even, especially on lower surface of segment 5, where there are no traces of accessory crests, the infero-median crest of this segment well developed, uniseriate or indistinctly biseriate. Pedipalps.—Femur finely granular above. Tibia slender, its length in the ? 22 to nearly 3 times, in the ad. g 24-22 times its width; the upper surface finely granular or nearly smooth (the latter 15 ° 170 Annals of the South African Musewne. being the case especially in the @), its anterior crest distinct, with a second, generally less distinct, parallel crest behind it. Hand smooth, but often with traces of a few weak granules anteriorly, slender, its width about equal to that of the tibia in the ? and immature g¢, but stout and about 12 times the width of tibia in the ad. g ; the length of movable finger in the ? about 2}, in the ad. g 4_12 times the length of the hand-back; movable finger with 16-17 anterior flanking teeth, the main rows in the middle third of the fingers composed of 6-9 teeth (including the enlarged basal one), the anterior flanking granule often situated considerably distal to the line joining the middle and posterior granule of the obliquely transverse rows of 3. Pectines with 26-31 teeth in the ? and with 29-34 in the 9 ; the posterior basal lamella of the scape very similar an both sexes, the posterior inner angle in the 9, although rounded, generally more prominent and the posterior edge somewhat longer than in the ?, the latter edge bearing 1 or at most 2 teeth, which are always. elongate and occupy less than half of the posterior side; this lamella in the ¢ bearing 1 or no teeth, the basal pectinal tooth in this sex always strongly abbreviated and generally represented by a short conical or even spherical stump, scarcely distinct from the small fulera at the bases of the teeth. Measurements of 2 .—-Total length 91; length of cephalothorax 102, width 12; distance of eyes from anterior margin 44, from pos- terior margin 43; length of femur of pedipalp 83, of tibia 9, of hand- back 5, of movable finger 104 ; width of femur 21, of tibia 34, of hand 34; length of tail 59; length and width of first caudal segment 73, 72, of second 84, 7+, of third 84, 74, of fourth 10, 74, of fifth 11%, 63, of sixth 101, 44; height of fourth segment 6}, of fifth 54. g .—Total length 99; length of cephalothorax 104, width 114; distance of eyes from anterior margin 4, from posterior margin 54 ; length of femur of pedipalp 9, of tibia 94, of hand-back 64, of movable finger 104; width of femur 24, of tibia 34, of hand 4%; length of tail 62; length and width of first caudal segment 8, 8, of second 82, 83, of third 82, 81, of fourth 104, 8, of fifth 121, 7, of sixth 11,44; height of fourth segment 7, of fifth 6. A darker variety, apparently identical in colouration with P. ful- vipes (Sim.) and not differing in structure, except in some unimportant points, from the specimens just described, inhabits Great Bushman- land and adjacent districts to the east. In these the trunk is nearly always dark brown to almost black and generally with a greenish tinge, the posterior caudal segments often darker than the anterior South African Arachnida. 171 ones below, the pedipalps ochraceous-brown to blackish brown, the base of the fingers darker, the chelicere finely reticulated, the legs pale yellow as usual, but the femora at their apex and the tibie at their base often somewhat infuscated. The difference between the sexes is well marked by the structure of the pectines, as the posterior basal lamella of the scape is more angular at its inner hind corner in the g$ and bears at least 2, often 3 teeth, which occupy at least half of the hind margin (in one juvenile ¢ from Naroep the basal tooth is also reduced to half its normal length). In the ¢ the lamella resembles that of the specimens already described above. Number of pectinal teeth in @ 27-31, in gf 31-36. Movable finger with 14-15 anterior flanking teeth. These specimens are the following :— (b) 4 ad. g and 2 juv. g from Naroep, Great Bushmanland,. Namaqualand Div. (Max Schlechter). (c) 1 ad. g from Namies, Great Bushmanland, Kenhart Div. (Max Schlechter). (d) 1 ad. 9 and 1 juv. ? from Bladgrond, Great Bushmanland,,. Kenhart Div. (Max Schlechter). (ec) lad. ° from Upington on the Orange River, in Gordonia ; the hand in this specimen reticularly and weakly granular anteriorly. (f) 1 ad. g and 1 juv. ¢ from Van Wyks Vlei, Carnarvon Div. (H. G. and D. C. Alston); the upper surface of the tail more or less minutely and reticularly granular laterally in all the segments. The Museum also possesses specimens of granulatus from the following localities :— (g) lad. g from Dunbrody, Uitenhage Div. (Rev. J. A. O'Neil) ; small specimen, 73 mm. long, the movable finger with 15 anterior flanking teeth. (h) lad. g from the village of Clanwilliam (C. L. Leipoldt). This. is much the largest specimen in the Collection, its measurements being: Total length 112; length of cephalothorax 12, of tail 70; length and width of first caudal segment 94, 92, of second 101, 101, of third 104, 104, of fourth 112, 10, of fifth 134, 9, of sixth 114, 53; height of fourth segment 9, of fifth 8. The fourth caudal segment is wider than the first, and the upper surface of segments four and five are more coarsely and densely granular in the lateral parts than is usually the case. Movable finger with 15 anterior flanking teeth. (7) 2ad. 2? from Robertson Div. (Dr. R. J. M. Melle). Movable finger with 15-16 anterior flanking teeth. (yj) lad. g, the locality of which is stated to be Wagenaars Kraal, Victoria West Diy. (Dr. C.S. Piers). Movable finger with 14 anterior flanking teeth. 172 Annals of the South African Museum. “(k) 1 juv. ? from Great Namaqualand, German South-West Africa (Dr. f. Marloth). Movable finger with 14 anterior flanking teeth. Distribution.—This species is not known to be common anywhere in Cape Colony, where its principal locality appears to be the whole of Namaqualand Division and Great Bushmanland. South of Nama- qualand it is very rare indeed, but it appears to extend not only over the same area as neglectus, but considerably to the east of this as well. P. granulatus is a very well defined species, its principal characters being the small vesicle, the rudimentary middle lateral crests on fourth caudal segment, the deep groove on first segment, the granu- lation of the surfaces and superior crests of fourth and fifth segments, the slender brachium, and the absence in the 9 of a prominent posterior lobe on the basal lamella of the scape of the pectines. The sex of a specimen can often be determined with certainty only by means of the genital stylets. P. fulvipes (Sim.), from German South-West Africa, is undoubtedly identical with this species, and closely agrees in colouration with specimens from Bushmanland, as does also Pocock’s recently described subsp. fuscus from the Kalahari, in which, however, the patellze as well as the femora of the legs are uniformly infuscated (Ann. Mag. N. H. (7), v. 7, p. 285, 1900). P. pallidus Poc. from Mombassa is apparently a very closely allied form. I have been unable to identify with certainty the following South African forms from the specimens in the Museum :— P. dilutus, Thorell (Atti Soe. ital., v. 19, p. 103, 1887). Described as a variety of vallosws and differing from it in the yellow colouration and finer granulation. The exact locality of the type, which was preserved in the Museum at Stockholm, is unknown. P. segnis, Thorell (loc. cit., p. 110). Described as a doubtful variety of brevemanus and doubtfully referred by later authors to capensis (H. and H.), but the identity of the two forms is very improbable, as the type of segnis in the Gothenburg Museum was obtained by C. J. Andersson, who collected in Damaraland and Ovampoland. P. mosambicensis, Peters (Monatsb. Berlin. Ak., 1861, p. 516). It is highly improbable that this species, which was found by Peters at Tette on the Zambesi, can be identical with capensis (H. and E.). P. raudus, Simon (Ann. Soe. Ent. Fr. (6), v. 7, p. 377, 1887). Found by Dr. H. Schinz in German South-West Africa, and closely allied to South African Arachnida. 173 schlechteri Purc., but the upper surface of the tail (and presumably of the first segment also) is said to be deeply grooved longitudinally. P. flavidus, Pocock (Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) v. 3, p. 419, 1899). From Tangs (Taungs ?), Bechuanaland, and apparently closely related to raudus and schlechterc. P. obscurus and pachysoba, Penther (Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien., v. 15, pp. 154 and 155, 1900). These two forms do not apparently differ from transvaalicus Pure., as far as can be ascertained from Penther’s descriptions, except in having a relatively shorter and stouter tail. Gen. LYCHAS* C. L. Koch. LYCHAS PEGLERI, n. sp. 3 2. Colour—tTrunk blackish-brown to dark olive-green, varie- gated with yellow markings, the under surface, except posteriorly, pale ; the first 6 abdominal tergites either almost entirely darkened or with the following principal yellow markings :—A median stripe, a longitudinal stripe near each lateral margin, an anterior transverse stripe joining these, a pair of >< marks, a pair of anterior oval spots (one on each side of the median line), a pair of short, transverse, lunate lines just behind the oval spots, besides a few other tiny dots scattered about; cephalothorax with the yellow markings very similar to those in L. bwrdot (Sim.), the principal being a large spot behind each group of lateral eyes, a pair of curved lines closely embracing the dark olive-green median tubercle as in brackets, alongside these a pair of more lateral longitudinal lines converging posteriorly, 3 pairs of short obliquely transverse lines following in succession behind the median tubercle, the anteriormost running from the hind ends of the bracket-shaped marks outwards and forwards, the middle pair parallel to the anterior, but the posterior pair more transverse or even directed slightly backwards ; on each side are also 2 large oblique stripes, and near the posterior margin is a broad two-horned area; near each lateral margin and often along the middle line is a narrow longitudinal stripe and at each anterior outer corner is a small Y. Tail with an equal extent of yellow and infuscate markings or the latter predominating ; segment 5 very slightly darker posteriorly than the other segments; vesicle infuscate, with yellow dots and stripes. Femur and tibia of pedipalps for the most part infuscate above, with yellow markings ; the hand yellow, with infuscate longitudinal stripes and some veins, * According to Pocock (P.Z.S., 1899, p. 834), this name should be substituted for Archisometrus Krpln. 174 Annals of the South African Musewm. the fingers deeply infuscate or black proximally, paler distally. Chelicerze with a net-work of black. Legs infuscate, striped longi- tudinally with yellow. Cephalothorax thickly granular. Tergites thickly granular, the yellow markings mostly smooth, except the median ones; the segments with 3 distinct keels, the lateral keels granular, short, occupying about 4 or + of the length of the segment. Sternites.—Segments 1-3 of abdomen smooth and polished, seg- ment 3 in g weakly granular at anterior corners, segment 4 smooth in middle, weakly granular laterally in ? , more extensively granular laterally in g, segment 5 weakly granular throughout, with 4 feebly granular keels. ‘ Tail.—Segments 1-2 with 10, segment 3 with 8-10 and segment 4 | with 8 well defined granular keels, the middle lateral keel strong in segments 1 and 2, distinct or rudimentary in segment 3 and absent in segment 4, the superior keels with the terminal denticle only slightly enlarged ; segment 5 with distinct superior, infero-lateral, and median crests. The caudal surfaces minutely granular between the keels, especially in segment 5; the upper surface in segments 1-4 with a cuneate, granular, median area bordered by 2 rows of larger granules, which converge posteriorly. Vesicle about } as wide and 2-2 as high as segment 5, weakly granular below and on the sides, the aculeus short, the tubercle below it small, cylindrical, blunt. Pedipalps.—Femur stamulae above. ‘Tibia granular anteriorly, smooth posteriorly, with a couple of irregular rows of granules on upper side. Hand stout, somewhat wider than the tibia in the ? and considerably wider in the ¢g, rounded, not angular, finely granular anteriorly and at the base of the finger, weakly granular or nearly smooth on upper surface, smooth posteriorly; fingers short, about 14 times the length of the hand-back in the @, still shorter, about 11 times this length in the g; movable finger with 6-7 main rows and 7 anterior flanking granules, the enlarged proxi- mal tooth in each main row flanked externally by 2 similar teeth. Chelicere with only one inferior tooth on the immovable finger. Legs granular externally on femur and tibia, the tarsal spur between the first and second joints on the third leg small, about 3 of the length of the second tarsal segment. Pectines with 11-12 teeth in both sexes, the basal tooth in the ¢@ very much enlarged, both longer and much wider than the others, normal in the ¢g. South African Arachuda. 175 Measurements of a ? .—Total length 304, length of tail 17, length of cephalothorax 3, length and width of fourth caudal segment 2:9, 1G, Locality.—Several 9 and 2 specimens from near Umtata, Cape Colony, collected by Miss Pegler and kindly sent to us by the Rev. Dr. F. Kolbe. These are the first specimens of the genus recorded from South Africa. They differ apparently from all the other species of the genus in having two, instead of only one, external flanking teeth alongside of the enlarged basal tooth of each of the main rows on the fingers. Gren. UROPLECTES Pirs. UROPLECTES CARINATUS (Poc.).* 1890. Lepreus c., Pocock, P. Zool. Soc. London, Mar., 1900, pp. 129-130, pl. 14, figs. 3, 3a. 1896. Uroplectes c., Pocock, Ann. Mag. N. H. (6), v. 17, p. 380. Distribution.—The area inhabited by this species, as the list of * This and the three following species form a group of closely allied forms with the following common characters:—Abdominal tergites 3—-keeled, fingers of pedipalps with 9 main rows of teeth, the enlarged basal tooth in the rows flanked on each side by a single large tooth, the inner flanking tooth always situated at the end of the next proximal row, vesicle with no tooth below aculeus, all the inferior caudal keels well developed in segments 1-4, hand rounded, not angular or flattened. The adults of these 4 species may be distinguished as follows :— a. With a pair of minute stylets situated one on each side of the genital opening behind just under the posterior inner angles of the halves of the operculum when the latter is closed. Males. a. Fourth caudal segment 13-2 times as long as wide .. U. carinatus (Poc.) b'. Fourth caudal segment 24 times as long as wide.. .. Uz. alstoni, n. sp. ce’. Fourth caudal segment 23 to nearly 22 times as long as wide U. karrooicus, n. sp. 4. Genital opening without stylets. Females, a. Fourth caudal segment 13-12 times as long as wide; hand distinctly IGE tb OaMmGiDiaEl wenn Gynec = Ue cammatus (Roc) b?. Fourth caudal segment 15-2 times as long as wide; hand distinctly wider CAMEO DIAM eee Wes al ee, Gs wet os Sa 2 as, (Unvalstont, nysp» c?. Fourth caudal segment from slightly more than twice to 21 times as long as wide; hand slightly narrower than tibia .. .. U. karrooicus, n. sp. dd’, Fourth caudal segment 2% times as long as wide; hand as wide as or very shiehtly wider tham tibia .. .. .. -. =.» «. «.. U schlechteri, n. sp; 176 Annals of the South African Museum. localities given further on shows, comprises the western half of Cape Colony with the exception of the strip along the south coast, which is occupied principally by U. lineatus. It extends from the Divs. of Malmesbury, Tulbagh, Worcester and Prince Albert in the south to Bushmanland in the north, and it is more than probable that a form with such a distribution would extend some distance north of the Orange River as well. The locality of the type-specimen is given as ‘South Africa, near the tropic of Capricorn.” The South African Museum possesses 84 specimens of this: species, of which the principal characters may be enumerated here, as Pocock’s original description, although very detailed, was. founded upon a single # example. 3 2. Colowy.—Trunk and tail pale yellow to ochre-yellow, the trunk sometimes olivaceo-ochraceous; the legs pale yellow, gene- rally blackened along upper and under edges ; tail with at least the oth segment (except quite posteriorly) and the inferior keels and generally also the other keels more or less infuscated ; trunk with only the three groups of eyes blackened, or much more extensively infuscated, especially along the anterior edge and the middle line of cephalothorax and along 3-5 longitudinal stripes on abdomen ; hand often striped with infuscate marks; vesicle pale yellow, with the aculeus dark reddish-brown distally. Cephalothorax finely to somewhat coarsely granular throughout, sometimes with an oblique smooth area on each side between the median eye-tubercle and the lateral eyes in the ?; often with a pair of distinct posterior keels composed of 2-4 granules, corresponding in position to the lateral keels on the tergites ; eye-tubercle mostly entirely smooth along the groove but the crests often crenular before and behind (rarely also above), especially in the 3. Tergites 1-6 coarsely granular posteriorly in both sexes, but anteriorly each segment is very densely and minutely granular in the g but smooth or almost so (rarely finely granular mesially) in the 2; median and lateral crests very distinct, the latter short, represented by several granules in the posterior but by only 1 or 2. in the anterior segments and often absent in segment 1 or segments 1 and 2. Stermtes 1-4 smooth; segment 5 smooth, or granular laterally, provided with 4 more or less distinct, smooth or crenular keels. Tal stout, 4th segment in the ad. g 12-2, in the ad. @ 14-12 times as long as wide;* the crests mostly denticulate but the 4 * All the measurements in this genus are taken in the same manner as those of Parabuthus as explained in foot-note on p. 145. South African Arachnida. JLT inferior ones often partially or wholly smooth in segment 1 and in the anterior part of segment 2 in both sexes; the terminal tooth of the superior crests in segments 1-3 and often also in segment 4, and of the superior lateral crests in segments 1-2 and sometimes also in segment 3, enlarged, stout and conical in the ? , slenderer and often subspiniform in the ¢; the middle lateral crest strong and well developed in segments 1-3, complete in segment 1, slightly ab- breviated anteriorly in segment 2, still more so in segment 3, in which it varies considerably in length, occupying from + to over 2 of the length of the segment, while in segment 4 it may be completely absent or more or less distinct and weak, represented by a row of larger granules, in a series of specimens from one and the same locality. Anterior caudal segments finely granular above but smooth below ; the sides of segments 1-4 and the under surface of segments 3-4 generally finely granular (rarely almost smooth) in the 2, but often quite smooth in the g¢ between the keels; upper surface of segment 5 in the ? entirely smooth or granular laterally, rarely also minutely granular mesially, in the ad. g finely and densely granular throughout, except along the median line in the anterior half; the superior keels in segment 5 developed only in the anterior {4 of the segment, the lateral surfaces densely and often coarsely granular or the inferior part smooth or nearly so, the inferior surface with coarse and fine granulation or the fine granulation absent, the coarse granules generally forming irregular accessory crests in the anterior half, the median crest generally distinct, rarely obsolete. Vesicle granular throughout, or smooth below and granular only on the sides and posteriorly below the aculeus, moderate or large in the 2, smaller, rarely large, in the 3. Pedipalps.—Upper surface of tibia generally smooth (sometimes. granular in the g'), the anterior edge of this surface generally well defined and provided with a row or strip of granules; the anterior surface of tibia granular above. Hand smooth, except distally below, where it is frequently finely granular; its greatest width exceeding that of the tibia, especially in the g¢, the length of the tibia 2-24 times the width of the hand in ad. ¢; movable finger in the g short, provided at the base with a distinct or indistinct lobe, the immovable finger sinuate at the base; fingers with 9 main rows of teeth. Pectines with 19-26 (according to Pocock up to 27) teeth, the basal tooth in the ? always similar to the rest of the teeth in all our specimens, the scape longer in the g than in the ? but varying in length according to locality. 178 Annals of the South African Museunr. Size.—The length varies from 27-41mm. in the ad. $ and reaches 44mm: in the ¢@. Localities in Cape Colony.—In the following list the local variations in colour, thickness of tail, &c., are generally mentioned. A. Abdomen with at most 3 dorsal stripes ; fifth caudal segment infuscated laterally only in the anterior 3 (rarely 3) of its length ; cephalothorax without median longitudinal stripe. Beaufort West Div.—(a) 2 g% from round the village of Beau- fort West (W. F’. Purcell); cephalothorax infuscated along anterior border ; abdomen with a fine black median line and a row of infuscate marks on each side above (a pair in the posterior part of each tergite) ; hand and tibia of pedipalp and the legs with infuscate stripes ; fourth caudal segment 12 times as long as wide; vesicle almost smooth below, excepting behind below the aculeus. Total length of a g 984; length of cephalothorax 3, of tail 174; length and width of first caudal segment 2:1, 1:7, of second 2:4, 1-6, of third 2-6, 1-6, of fourth 3, 1:6, of fifth 3:5, 1:6, of sixth 3, 1:3; length of tibia of pedipalp 3-2, of hand-back 1°8, of movable finger 3:2; width of tibia 1:1, of hand 1:4. Fraserburg Div.—(b) 1 g (dry) from the village of Fraserburg (EZ. G. Alston) ; fourth caudal segment twice as long as wide ; other- wise resembling the specimens from Beaufort West. Prince Albert Div.—(c) 1 g and several juv. from near the village of Prince Albert (W. F'. Purcell); anterior margin of cephalothorax and also the keels and coarser granules of the tergites blackened in the adult, but the lateral rows of infuscate marks on the tergites and the stripes on the hands absent or obsolete; fourth caudal segment twice as long as wide; vesicle as in (a). Worcester Div.—(d) 1 @ and several juv. from Triangle (R. M. Lightfoot); colour as described under (¢); fourth caudal segment 12 times as long as wide. Namaqualand Div.—(e) 1 g from near Naroep (between Naroep and Naap), Great Bushmanland (Max Schlechter); colour almost entirely pale yellow, only the 3 groups of eyes blackened and the inferior keels of tail and part of the fifth segment infuscated ; crests of eye-tubercle entirely granular ; fourth caudal segment and vesicle as in (Cc). (f) 1 2 and juv. from Concordia (J. H. C. Krapohl); colour as described under (a). Clanwilliam Div.—(g) 2 ¢ and a number of ? and juv. from Pak- huis (R. and M. Schlechter, L. Mally); colour as described under (a), South African Arachnida. Ig) except that the legs and pedipalps are generally without infuscate marks; tail stouter than usual, the fourth segment in the g 1%, in the ¢ 14-12 times as long as wide, the fifth segment more coarsely eranular than usual, particularly on the sides and upper surface in the ¢; hands thicker than usual, the width in the $ equalling half the length of the tibia, the lobe on the movable finger strongly developed; vesicle distinctly granular below in both sexes. Measurements of a g and ?: Total length g¢ 30:5, 2 40; length of cephalothorax § 3:2, ? 4:6, of tail 9 19, 9 25; length and width of first caudal segment gf 2:4, 1:8, 2 3, 2:9, of second 3g 2:6, 1:8, 2 3°5, 2:8, of third § 2°8, 1:8, 2 3:6, 2°7, of fourth g 3:3, 1:8, 2 4:3, Ai, iot fitth gf 3385" 1:8, 9 4-95 2-7, of sixth G 3:2, 14,99 4:5, 2°5:; length of tibia of pedipalp gf 3:2, ? 4:2, of hand-back g 2:1, ? 2:5, of movable finger g 3:2, 2 4:5; width of tibia g 1:2, 9 1:6, of hand G IS, @ Hr. (h) 1 2 and 1 juy. from Betjesfontein (Miss WM. Bergh); resembling those from Pakhuis. (i) 1 $ from the village of Clanwilliam (R. M. Lightfoot and C.L. Letpoldt); resembling those from Pakhuis but more blackened, especially on the legs and pedipalps. B. Much more strongly blackened; the abdomen with 5 dorsal longitudinal stripes, viz., a median stripe (continued over cephalo- thorax to the anterior margin), a strupe on each side along lateral margin and another stripe on each side at a little distance from lateral margin; fifth caudal segment more extensively blackened, generally with only 4-1, rarely as nwch as 4, of the length on the sides yellow posteriorly ; legs generally blackened along the edges ; vesicle always distinctly granular below. Clanwilliam Div.—(j) 4 ¢ and a number of 2 and juv. from Sneeuwkop in the Cedar Mountains (5,000-6,000 feet, . Pattison) ; pedipalps not infuscated; tail and hands slenderer than in the specimens from Pakhuis; fourth caudal segment twice as long as wide in g and 12 times in 9; length of tibia 24-24 times the width of hand in ¢g. (k) 2 § from Kakadouw Pass, Cedar Mountains (1,000-3,000 feet, R. Pattison, C. L. Leipoldt); pedipalps not infuscated; fourth caudal segment 13-17 times as long as wide; length of tibia 1-21 times the width of hand. (lt) 1 @ from Boschkloof, Cedar Mountains (f. Pattison); pedi- palps not infuscated; fourth caudal segment 13 times as long as wide. (m) Several 2 and juy. from SBoontjes River, near Pakhuis 180 Annals of the South African Museum. (R. and M. Schlechter, L. Mally) ; pedipalps somewhat infuscated ; fourth caudal segment 12 times as long as wide. (x) 1 2 and 1 juv. from Onder Berg Vlei in the valley of the Berg Vlei River, north of the Piquetberg Range (C. L. Lezpoldt) ; pedi- palps, tergites, tail and legs ferruginous-yellow and mostly with ferruginous markings in addition to the infuscate markings. Malmesbury Div.—(o) A very young specimen from near the village (R. M. Lightfoot), apparently belonging to this species. Piquetberg Div.—(p) 1 ¢ and 1 juv. from Gutverwacht Mission Station ; pedipalps with infuscate stripes ; fourth caudal segment 13 times as long as wide. Tulbagh Div.—(q) 1 2 and 1 juv. from Tulbagh Road Station (W. F. Purcell) ; fourth caudal segment 14 times as long as wide ; large, length of 9 44 mm. Worcester Div.—(r) 1 ¢, 1 2, and 1 juv. irom near the village (R. M. Lightfoot, W. F. Purcell); pedipalps with black stripes ; fourth caudal segment in g twice, in 9 12 times as long as wide ; large, length of g 41 mm. (s) 1 ¢, 4 2 and several juv. from Rabiesberg near Nuy River Station (W. F’. Purcell); pedipalps with infuscate marks; fourth caudal segment 12 times as long as wide in @. (t) 1 juv. from Touws River Station (W. F’. Purcell); pedipalps with very distinct black stripes. UROPLECTES ALSTONI, 0. Sp. 3 2. Colour pale ochraceous; the legs paler yellow, with the upper and lower edges blackened ; the 3 groups of eyes black; the cephalothorax along the anterior and lateral margins, the abdominal tergites on the keels, coarser granules and lateral margins, and the tail on the keels, finely blackened ; the fifth caudal segment with its surfaces infuscated in the anterior 2 only ; pedipalps and chelicere not infuseated. Cephalothorax thickly granular, the posterior pair of crests dis- tinct in the g, the superciliary ridges of the tubercle smooth above in the @ but granular throughout in the 3. Tergites and sternites as in carinatus, the last sternite smooth laterally. Tail slenderer than in carinatus, the fourth segment in the g 24, in the 2 18-1% times as long as wide; all the crests denticulate, the terminal tooth of the superior crests in segments 1-3 and of the upper lateral crests in segments 1-2 enlarged, slender and spiniform South African Arachnida. 181 in the 3, stouter and conical in the 2; the middle lateral crest as in carimatus, occupying in segment 3 about 2-2 of the length of the segment, almost absent in segment 4. Segments 1-4 minutely granular above and on the sides but almost smooth below in the ¢, mostly smooth in the 2; segment 5 with the upper surface smooth along the middle but weakly granular towards the sides in the ¢g, quite smooth in the ? ; the sides of this segment finely and thickly granular in the g, more sparsely granular in the 2; under surface of segment 5 with distinct median and accessory crests and a number of scattered fine and coarse granules. Vesicle weakly granular below. Pedipalps.—Femur finely granular above. Tibia finely granular above in g, smooth in @?, the anterior edge of upper surface sharply marked and granular. Handin g considerably, in ? slightly wider than tibia, the length of the tibia in g 24, in 2 24 times the width of the hand; movable finger distinctly lobed at base in 3. Legs finely granular externally on the femora and, in the 3, on the tibiz also. Pectines with 25-26 teeth in § and 21-22 in 2; the basal tooth in the 2 resembling the rest. Measurements.—Total length g 35, ¢? 438; length of cephalo- thorax g 3°3, 2 3°8, of tail fg 22, 2 23; length and width of first caudal segment g 2°8, 2, 2 2°8, 2°4, of second g 3:1,.1°8, 2 3-2, 2-2, of third g 3°3,1°7, ° 3:4, 2:2, of fourth g 4,1-7, ¢ 4:1, 2°2, of fifth g 44, 1:7, 2 4:7, 2:2, of sixth g 3°6, 1:5, 9 4:5, 2; length of tibia of pedipalp ¢ 3°6, 2 4:1, of hand-back g 2°6, ? 2:4, of movable finger g 3:4, 2 46; width of tibia g 1:3, 2 1:6, of Inenayel 2 S17, Ibs}, Localities —(a) 1 3 (type, reg. no. 477) and 1 @ from Touws River Station, Worcester Div. (W. Ff. Purcell). A 5-striped young individual, evidently belonging to U. carinatus, was found along with these specimens (see under (¢) p. 180). (6) 1 g from Matjesfontein, Worcester Div. (W. F. Purcell) ; resembling the types, except that the fourth caudal segment below and the fifth segment above and below are much more thickly granular, and the enlarged terminal teeth of the superior crests of the anterior segments are stout and conical; posterior crests on the cephalothorax not distinct ; number of pectinal teeth 24; pedipalps somewhat infuscated in places. (c) 1 g and 1 ? collected in Barkly Div., Cape Colony, along the west side of the Harts River between this river and the Kaap Plateau by Mr. Garwood Alston, in whose honour the species has 182 Annals of the South African Museum. been named. With more black; tergites with broader median and marginal stripes and with a lateral infuscate mark on each side in addition; cephalothorax with black marks also along the median line; hands with infuscate stripes; chelicerae slightly blackened ; fifth caudal segment more extensively blackened than in types. Cephalothorax in both sexes with the pair of posterior keels blackened and as strong as or even stronger than the lateral keels on sixth tergite; the crests on the eye-tubercle smooth in the middle above. Cauda very slightly slenderer, the fourth segment in g 24 times, in 2 twice as long as wide; the granulation in 3 as in the 3 from Matjesfontein, in 2 the sides of the tail and the under surface of fourth segment also granular; the spiniform terminal teeth of superior crests in § long and slender. Tibia of pedipalps smooth above, its length in the ¢ about 14 times, in the ? twice the width of the hand. Pectines with 22-23 teeth, the basal tooth in the ¢? widened and slightly elongated, falciform. Total length g 40, ° 53; length and width of fourth caudal segment g 4°3, 1:8, 9 5:3, 2-6, of tibia of pedipalp g 3°8, 13, 9 4:8, 1:8; width of hand 3 1:7, Q 24. : (d) 3 @ from Namies, Great Bushmanland, Kenhart Div. (Max Schlechter), apparently belonging here ; slightly less blackened than in the types from Touws River, except on the hands, which have infuscate stripes and reticulation; the fourth caudal segment about twice as long as wide; the middle lateral crest in segments 2-3 only slightly abbreviated anteriorly, distinctly developed in segment 4 throughout the greater part of its length ; segments 1-4 almost smooth below and on the sides or segment 4 granular ; tibia of pedipalps some- times granular above, its length about 24-23 times the width of hand; hand finely granular in front, slightly wider than the tibia ; pectines with 23-27 teeth, the basal tooth 14-1? times as wide as, and generally a little shorter than, the adjacent teeth. Length of largest specimen 44; length and width of fourth caudal segment 4-7, 2:3, of tibia of pedipalp 4°7, 1:6; width of hand 1:7. UROPLECTES KARROOICUS, Nl. Sp. 3%. Colour pale yellow or pale ochre-yellow; cephalothorax blackened along anterior margin, on eye-tubercle and on some of the coarser granules; tergites blackened on the keels and on the lateral margins, and often with an infuscate mark on each side ; tail with the crests finely blackened, the fifth segment infuscated to near hind margin; legs blackened along upper and lower edges ; South African Arachnida. . 183 chelicerae finely reticulated with black; pedipalps only very slightly infuscated, the hands not distinctly striped with black. Cephalothorax finely granular, with few coarse granules and with- out distinct crests ; ocular tubercle smooth in ? but granular before and behind in the g. Tergites and sternites as in carinatus. Tail rather long and slender, especially in the g; the fourth seg- ment in the ¢ 22 times, in the @ very slightly more than twice as long as wide; crests as in carinatus, the anterior infero-median ones denticulate to nearly smooth in the g, mostly smooth in the ?; the enlarged terminal teeth of superior crests conical; the middle lateral crest developed in the posterior 4-2 in segment 3, absent in segment 4; intercarinal spaces in segments 1-4 mostly smooth, or the sides sparsely granular ; segment 5 smooth above in ?, thickly granular in g; the sides and under surface of segment 5 rather thickly granular, the under surface with coarse granules which form accessory crests in the anterior part; vesicle distinctly granular below. Pedipalps slender. ‘Tibia finely granular above in ¢g, almost smooth in @ , the anterior edge of upper surface sharply marked and granular ; length of tibia in § 24, in 9 3-34 times the width of the hand. Hand slender, minutely granular anteriorly in the 3, nearly smooth in the @ ; its width slightly exceeding that of tibia in g and slightly less than this width in ¢; the movable finger in ¢ long, twice as long as hand-back, the lobe at base very weak. Legs granular exteriorly. Pectines with 23-25 teeth, the basal tooth in the ? either normal or slightly wider and longer than the-rest, falciform. Measurements of largest 3 and ¢.—Total length g 40, @ 42; length of cephalothorax g 3°8, ? 3°8, of tail ¢ 26, ¢ 23; length and width of first caudal segment 9 3-2, 2:1, 2 2°8, 2:3, of second ¢ 3°8, 1-8, 9 3:2, 2-1, of third g 4:2,1°8, ¢ 3-4, 2, of fourth g 4:8, 1:8, OAAS A or Git go 2) 1:8, 9 4:6, 2) of sixth g 4, 1:6, 2 4:1, 1-7, of tibia of pedipalps g 4:2,1:4, @ 4:3, 1:5; width of hand ¢ 1:5, @ 14; length of hand-back g 24, ¢ 2:2; of movable finger AsO; 25. Localities mm Cape Colony.—(a) 2 ad. 3 (types, reg. no. 475), 3 ad. @ and a number of juv. from round the village of Beaufort West (W.F. Purcell). I also collected two 3 of U. carinatus in the same locality, but these were easily distinguishable by their colour (see under (a), p. 178). (6) lad. g and 1 ? from Laingsburg, Prince Albert Div. (W. F. 184 Annals of the South African Musewm. Purcell) ; colour and structure as in the types, except that the fifth caudal segment is smooth above in the ¢ ; length of fourth segment in g nearly 23, in 9 2} times as long as wide. Length g 38, ¢ 38°5 ; length and width of fourth caudal segment 9 4:8, 1:7, @ 4:4, 2. (c) Three young specimens from round the village of Prince Albert (W. F. Purcell). Lalso found several specimens of U. carinatus inhabiting the same locality (see under (c), p. 178). There is very little difference between the females of alstoni and karrooicus, although the males are easily separable. UROPLECTES SCHLECHTERI, N. sp. ?. Colour pale yellow, the abdomen sometimes olivaceo- ochraceous; the three groups of eyes black; the anterior, lateral and often also the posterior margins of the cephalothorax and of most of the tergites very finely blackened, but the tergal keels of first 6 segments not blackened; the inferior keels of posterior caudal segments and the anterior 2 of fifth segment infuscated; the legs blackened along lower edges; chelicere with fine infuscate reticulation. Cephalothorax finely granular, the posterior pair of crests distinct or indistinct, the eye-tubercle smooth. Tergites and sternites as in carinatus. Tail long, the fourth segment 24 times as long as wide; the crests in segments 1-4 for the most part feebly denticulate, the infero- medial, and for the most part also the infero-lateral keels smooth in segment 1; middle lateral crest strongly abbreviated in segments 2-3, being present only in the posterior $ or + in segment 2 and in the posterior + or } in segment 3, wholly absent in segment 4; upper surface of tail somewhat granular in anterior, smooth in posterior segments ; the intercarinal surfaces on the sides and below almost entirely smooth in segments 1-4, except between the superior and upper lateral crests in segment 1; segment 5 almost smooth, or with a few weak granules on the sides, the under surface with the usual 3 finely denticulate keels, the surfaces between these keels with an irregular series of coarser remote granules along the middle on each side ; vesicle weakly and sparsely granular below. Legs sparsely granular or nearly smooth externally. Pedipalps—Femur mooth above. Tibia smooth above, its upper surface with the anterior border sharply marked and granular, its length 22-3 times the width of the hand. Hand slightly exceeding or almost equalling tibia in width. South African Arachnida. 185 Pectines with 23-24 teeth, the basal tooth broad but very short, triangular. Measurements of type-—Total length 46; length of cephalothorax 4-6, of tail 27-5; length and width of first caudal segment 3:4, 2°5, of second 4, 2-1, of third, 4:4, 2:1, of fourth 5, 2, of fifth 5°3, 2, of sixth 4-5, 2, of tibia of pedipalp 4:8, 1:7; width of hand 1:8; length _ of hand-back 2:7, of movable finger 5:2. Localities in Cape Colony.—(a) Type: 1 @ (reg. no. 2,976) from Naroep, Great Bushmanland, Namaqualand Div. (Max Schlechter). U. carinatus also occurs near this place (see under (e), p. 178). (6) 1 ¢ from Namies, Gt. Bushmanland, Kenhart Div. (Max Schlechter). Another species, which I believe to be identical with U. alstoni, n. sp., occurs in this locality also (see under (d), p. 182). (c) 1 2 from Nous, Gt. Bushmanland, in the northern part of Kenhart Div. (Max Schlechter). UROPLECTES TRIANGULIFER (Thor.). 1877. Tityus t., Thorell, Atti Soc. ital., v. 19, p. 123, 5 2. 1890. Uvroplectes t., Pocock, P.Z.S., 1890, pl. 13, figs. 5-50. 1896. U. t., Pocock, Ann. Mag. N.H. (6), v. 17, p. 384; also, 1898, ibid. (7), v. 1, p. 310 (locality). 1899. U. t., Kraepelin, Das Tierr., Scorp. & Pedip., p. 59. 1900. U.,t., Penther, Ann. Naturh. Hofm. Wien, v. 15, p. 157 (locality). Localities.**“— a. U. triangulifer (typicus). Tergites of abdomen fuscous, black or greenish-black, with three rather wide, longitudinal, yellow stripes (a median and two marginal) and a large >-shaped yellow mark on each side of the median stripe; cephalothorax with much yellow ; caudal segments with infuscate stripes below and generally also on the sides, the fifth segment generally more or less infuscate; the femora of legs, when partially infuscated, with the infuscate marks present in the distal part of the outer surface at least. (Pedipalps with the tibia, except at base, and the hands, except on the fingers, more or less infuscate or black, the hands provided with stripes and reticulation.) The specimens in the collection with this typical colouration fall into two groups :— * U. triangulifer has been recorded by Pocock from Pretoria and Pietersburg (Transvaal), Basutoland, and Port Elizabeth, and by Penther from the Albany Div. (C. Col.). 16 186 Annals of the South African Museum. A. With the basal pectinal tooth not enlarged im the 3, the fourth caudal segment mm the g not more than 24 times as long as wide. (a) Kroonstad. 2 g and 2 ° (W. Watermeyer): Sides of the fifth caudal segment in 2 coarsely granular in lower but very weakly granular in upper part, the superior margins smooth or almost so, except on the short anterior crest; the sides in the g¢ much pitted and with only a few very weak granules or nearly smooth; upper surface of femur of pedipalp also infuscate; cephalothorax with the prevailing colour black, but with numerous yellow markings. Length of largest g and ? 51, 47; length and width of fourth caudal segment: in § 6:2, 2:8, in 2 4-7, 3. In Thorell’s types, which agree very closely with these specimens, the superior margins of the fourth caudal seg- ment were also smooth, and the basal pectinal tooth of ? is not: mentioned as being enlarged; the type-specimens measured 3 47, ? 42, length and width of fourth caudal segment in g 5:5, 2°5, in 9 4:5, 3. (6) Kimberley. 292 (G. A. Quenet): Tail resembling that of the specimens from Kroonstad, but the sides of the fifth segment. almost smooth, with some granulation in the lower part, while the body and limbs are much less infuscate. Length 47, length and width of fourth caudal segment 5:1, 3:2. (c) Brakkloof, near Grahamstown. 2 3,5 2, and a number of juv. (collected by Mrs. G. White and presented by Dr. Schonland, of the Albany Museum): Sides of the fifth caudal segment as well as the upper margins densely and coarsely granular throughout in the ?; the sides of this segment in the g more sparsely granular and the superior edges almost smooth, except anteriorly. Prevailing colour of cephalothorax yellow, the principal infuscate mark being a large V enclosing the yellow interocular area. Length of largest 9 and 2 50, 43, length and width of fourth caudal segment in g 5'8,. 2:6, in @ 4:5, 2°9. (d) Grahamstown, Albany Div. 2 g and 1 juv. (Rev. J. A. O' Nel): Resembling the specimens from Brakkloof, but the superior margin of 5th caudal segment sparsely granular in g and the cephalothorax more black than yellow, on the interocular area only the anterior part being yellow. Length of largest fg 48, length and width of fourth caudal segment 5-6, 2°6. (e) Port Elizabeth. 2 2 (J. L. Drége): Colour of cephalothorax and granulation of tail as in the specimens from Brakkloof. Length 43, length and width of fourth caudal segment 4:1, 2:8. | (f) Dunbrody, on the Sundays River, Uitenhage Div. 13,2 ?, and several juv. (Rev. J. A. O'Neil): Colour of cephalothorax and. South African Arachnida. 187 granulation of tail as in the examples from Brakkloof. Length of 3 and ? 42-5, 45, length and width of fourth caudal segment in $ 5:2, 2:4, in 2 4:5, 2-7. (g) Kingwilliamstown. 1 ? (F. A. Pym): Colour of cephalothorax and granulation of tail as in the examples from Brakkloof. B. With the basal pectinal tooth enlarged in the ¢, the tail relatively slightly longer and narrower in the 2 and especially in the 3, the fourth segment as much as 24 times as long as wide in the larger males. (x) Johannesburg. A large number of 3, ?, and juv. (J. P. Cregoe, H. A. Fry): With the tibia of pedipalp (except at base) and the hands strongly infuscated, but the femur yellow; the cephalo- thorax with much black, the interocular area almost quite black with only a small, anterior, median, yellow spot. Granulation of tail as in the examples from Blakkloof, etc., the superior margins of fourth caudal segment in g nearly smooth, except anteriorly, or sparsely granular. Length of a large f and ? 52, 454, length and width of fourth caudal segment in g 6:1, 2-4, in 2 4:7, 2°8. In small males the tail is relatively shorter, as in group A, but these are probably immature specimens, although otherwise resembling the largest ones. B. U. triangulifer var. tristis, Thorell, Atti Soc. ital., v. 19, p. 123, 1877. Trunk black or olivaceous-black, without yellow markings or with a yellow stripe along the median line of the tergites only; tail fuscous brown to black, with or without a pair of yellow lines below ; pedipalps black or brown, the distal part of the femur and often also the base of tibia and the fingers yellow; the femora of legs black or brown proximally but yellow distally. Eastern part of Transvaal. (a) Barberton. 29, 4 9, and 2 juv. (J. P. Cregoe): Black or olivaceous-black, the median yellow line on tergites absent or confined to the posterior half of the segment; cauda with yellow lines below; pedipalps with distal two-thirds of femur, the base of the tibia, and the fingers yellow; femora of legs yellow distally for more than half their length, the tibiz broadly yellow at both base and apex; fifth caudal segment granular on sides in ? but almost smooth (with some weak granulation in lower part) in 3, the superior crests more or less granular in 2 but quite smooth, except on the anterior crest, in g; basal pectinal tooth more or less enlarged in ?. Length of largest § and 9 41, 41, length and width of fourth caudal segment in g 4°8, 2°3, in ? 3°7, 2-4. (o) Lydenburg, Transvaal. 1 ¢ and ? (Dr. J. W. B. Gunmng, of the Pretoria Museum): Yellow median line on tergites broader and continuous throughout whole segment; tail dark brown, the under 188 Annals of the South African Museum. side with two yellow stripes anteriorly but fuscous posteriorly ; pedipalps dark brown, the femur at apex (and the fingers in 9?) yellow; femora of legs yellow distally for less than half their length, tibiae dark brown, yellow only quite at the base; the sides and superior margins of fifth caudal segment thickly granular in 2 , more sparsely and finely granular in g, the basal pectinal tooth much enlarged in @. Length of § and 9° 47, 47, length and width of fourth caudal segment in g§ 5:3, 2°6, in 2 4:5, 2:9. UROPLECTES LINEATUs (C. L. Koch). 1845. Tityus l., C. L. Koch, Die Arachn., v. 11, p. 7, fig. 854. 1891. T. ., Kraepelin, Jhb. Hamb. wiss. Anstalten, v. 8, p. 89. 1896. Uroplectes l., Pocock, Ann. Mag. N.H. (6), v. 17, p. 382. 1899. U. 1., Kraepelin, Das Tierreich, Scorp. & Pedip., p. 60. 1900. U. 1., Penther, Ann. Naturh. Hofm. Wien, v. 15, p. 157 (localities). This very common species occurs only in the southern portion of Cape Colony, where it inhabits an area extending from Cape Town along the south coast eastwards at least as far as Mossel Bay and northwards into the Divs. of Tulbagh and Worcester. Outside this area lineatus * is not known to occur, being replaced to the north by carimatus and its allies, and to the east by triangulifer and formosus. The species is subject, as usual, to a certain amount of local variation, chiefly as regards the proportions of the caudal segments, the size of the enlarged terminal tooth of the superior caudal crests, and the colouration. The boundary between the lateral and inferior surfaces in the fifth caudal segment is generally marked by a more. or less distinct edge or by a row of granules, but sometimes it is almost obliterated. The enlarged terminal tooth of the superior crests in segments 2 and 3 in the g is larger than in the @, and is rather slender, at least in the apical part, in one or both segments. The tubercle below the aculeus is normally strong and toothlike, laterally compressed and generally more or less pointed, occasionally, however, low and blunt. In young individuals this tubercle is rela- tively longer and slenderer than in the adult. The basal pectinal tooth is never elongated in the ¢, and in the @ it is only moderately enlarged and does not project beyond the apices of the adjacent teeth. The vesicle is yellow, often with several narrow, lightly (rarely darkly) infuscate stripes. * Penther states that the species occurs at Mossel Bay and at Grahamstown. South African Arachiuda. 189 The following is a list of the localities from which the Museum has obtained specimens :— Cape Diy. (a) Cape Peninsula. U. lineatus is very common under stones, etc., on the hills and mountain sides throughout the Peninsula, but on the sandy Flats it is much more rarely met with. It is often found also in gardens, and sometimes even in houses, in Cape Town itself. The abdomen has five longitudinal yellow stripes or rows of yellow marks, viz., one median, one on each lateral margin, and one between these on each side. The three middle yellow stripes are generally divided into an anterior and posterior part by a patch of black in each of the posterior or in all the tergites, or the inner lateral stripes * are represented in the posterior segments by a pair of >< marks. The median keel is also generally infuscated. Cephalothorax strongly blackened, with a number of yellow stripes and marks. Vesicle ochre-yellow, with or without faint infuscate marks. Enlarged terminal tooth of superior caudal crests in segments 2 and 3 in the g conical and very strong at base, slenderer towards the apex, where it is sharply pointed and curved in one or both segments. In the ? the terminal tooth is smaller, conical and mostly pointed but generally not curved at the apex. The boundary line between the lateral and inferior surfaces in segment 5 is more or less distinct and marked, at least posteriorly, by a row of granules. The pectinal teeth vary from 17-20 in the 9° and from 18-21 in the g. Large; length of largest g 45, 9 45; length and width of fourth caudal segment in g 5, 2°6, in 9 4, 2:7. In the largest males this segment is less than twice (generally about 1,°,) as long as wide, but in smaller (immature ?) males it is stouter, often only 12 times as long as wide. Paarl Div. (0) French Hoek: 4 9 and juv. (W. fF’. Purcell), re- sembling those from the Cape Peninsula. Stellenbosch Div. (c) Jonkershoek: 1 g,3 9, and 3 juv. (W. F. Purcell), resembling the specimens from the Cape Peninsula. Tulbagh Div. (d) North end of the Roode Zands Mountains: 1 @ (W. F. Purcell), resembling the specimens from the Cape Peninsula. Worcester Div. (e) Slanghoek: 2 3,19 92, and 4 juv. (£. Francke, W. F. Purcell), resembling the specimens from the Cape Peninsula, but the fourth caudal segment about 2,4, as long as wide in ¢. Length of largest g 38, length and width of fourth caudal segment 4°4, 2-1. * Tn specimens from the Cape Town slope of Signal Hill these lateral stripes (but not the median stripe) are frequently continuous throughout the segments, and not at all or scarcely interrupted by black bars. 190 Annals of the South African Musewm. (f) Village of Worcester, at the railway station: 1 g,19 (C.L. Leipoldt), resembling the specimens from the Cape Peninsula. (g) Touws River Station: 1 dried 9 (W. F. Purcell). Ceres Div. (h) Ceres Village: 12 9 and several juv. (A. M. Light- . foot, W. F’. Purcell). In these specimens the three middle yellow stripes on the abdomen are continuous, 7.e., not interrupted by trans- verse bars of black in the middle of each tergite, the median keel also generally not blackened; otherwise as in the specimens from the Cape Peninsula. Caledon Div. (7) Hottentots Holland Mountains, on the summit near Sir Lowry’s Pass: 9 ¢,7 29,4 juv.(W. F. Purcell), closely resembling the specimens from the Cape Peninsula but slightly ‘smaller in size; length of largest ¢ 374, length and width of fourth caudal segment 4:1, 2; fourth caudal segment in the 6 largest ¢ specimens (32-374 mm. long) twice, in the 3 smaller (immature ?) 3 specimens (293-313 mm. long) 13-1¢ times as long as wide. (yj) Venster Ravine at the village of Caledon: 5 9, 1 juv. (W. F. Purcell), resembling the specimens from the Cape Peninsula. Swellendam Div. (4) The Pass at Avontuur near Stormsvlei, on the River Zonder Hinde: 1 juv. (W. F’. Purcell). (1) Swellendam Village: 1 ¢ (H. A. Fry); the three middle yellow stripes on abdomen continuous; the vesicle ochre-yellow, with five dark infuscate stripes on the sides and below, darkly infuscate also on the superior lateral margins anteriorly. Closely resembling Koch’s figure of U. striatus (C. lu. Koch) in colouration. Bredasdorp Div. (m) Marcus Bay: 2 ¢ (4. A. Fry). The three middle yellow stripes on abdomen broad and continuous, the cephalo- thorax with much black. The edge between the lateral and inferior surfaces of fifth caudal segment almost obliterated; the terminal tooth of the superior crests in segments 2-3 strong and sharp but scarcely curved; the fourth caudal segment 2-21 times as long as wide. Length of largest g 33, length and width of fourth caudal segment 3°8, 1:8; length of the other g¢ 32, length and width of fourth segment 3-6, 1°8. Robertson Div. (x) Ashton, on the mountain side at entrance to Kogmans Kloof: 1 g,1 9,1 juv. (Ms. W. F. Purcell and W. F. Purcell). The three middle yellow stripes on abdomen broad and continuous, not interrupted by cross bars of black ; the cephalothorax yellow, blackened only along the median line and at the edges; the terminal tooth of superior caudal crests not much enlarged in seg- ments 2 and 3, small and rather slender in both sexes; sides of fifth segment distinctly bordered below by a row of granules; fourth South African Arachnida. inl caudal segment in ¢ about 2! times as long as wide; length of 3 41, length and width of fourth caudal segment in g 4:3, 2. Mossel Bay Diy. (0) 2 ¢ from near the town (W. F. Purcell). The three middle yellow stripes on abdomen broad and continuous, but the cephalothorax with much black ; the superior terminal teeth in segments 2-3 of tail conical, strong; proportions of tail much as in the specimens from the Cape Peninsula ; infero-lateral edges of the fourth caudal segment more or less distinct. UROPLECTES INSIGNIS Poc. 1890. U. insignis, Pocock, P.Z.S., 1890, p. 132, pl. 13, fig. 4, 2. 1896. U. lineatus subsp. insignis, Pocock, Ann. Mag. N.H. (6), v. 17, p. 382. 1899. U. lineatus var. insignis, Kraepelin, Das Tierr., Scorp. and Pedip., p. 60. The Museum possesses 6 9, 3 @, and 4 juy. from the Cape Peninsula. U. insignis was originally described by Pocock as a distinct species but was subsequently regarded by him as a melanistic subspecies of lineatus. U. insignis is not, however, more blackened than the darkest specimens of limeatus from the Cape Peninsula, except on the vesicle and inferior surface of the cauda, and it differs in colour from such specimens principally in the following points: (1) The yellow ><-shaped marks are as distinct on the anterior as on the pos- terior abdominal tergites, whereas in lineatus these marks are always more or less resolved into a pair of irregular yellow blotches in the anteriormost tergites at least; (2) the anterior caudal segments are provided with a pair of longitudinal black stripes below divided by a fine median yellow line (in lineatus the under side of the anterior segments is yellow with a fine median black line, which generally extends over the last abdominal sternite as well) ; (3) the vesicle is deeply blackened on the sides and below, and provided below with two narrow, and on each side with a broader, lateral, yellow, longi- tudinal stripe, the upper surface more lightly infuscate in the middle part (in lineatus the vesicle is always ochraceous, with a narrow inferior median line and the anterior lateral angles darker or lightly infuscate, the sides also often with faintly infuscate stripes, two such stripes when distinctly marked corresponding on each side to the single broad infero-lateral black area of insignis). In insignis the tubercle below the aculeus, although always dis- tinct, is, as already noticed by Pocock, smaller and weaker than in 192 Annals of the South African Museum. lineatus, being merely conical and blunted in the adult and not sharply toothlike or distinctly laterally compressed, as is the case with lineatus from the Cape Peninsula. In young individuals, how- ever, the tubercle is relatively longer and slenderer than in the adult. The enlarged terminal superior tooth in second and third caudal segments is thick and blunt at the apex in the 3, and not slender and curved at the apex as in the ¢ of lineatus. In the @ of insignis this tooth is also thick and very blunt at the apex, although slightly smaller than in the g, whereas in the 9 of lineatus from the Cape Peninsula it is slenderer apically than in wmsigiais and much more pointed in at least one of the segments. The basal tooth of the pectines in the ? is much more enlarged than in lineatus and, moreover, projects slightly but distinctly beyond the line of the rest. In the g the pectinal teeth are broader, and with the exception of the basal one, more imbricating than in lineatus, so that the basal tooth when viewed from below appears distinctly broader than the exposed part of the adjacent teeth. This is not the case in lineatus. In the 3 of imsignis this basal tooth is further actually enlarged and distinctly exceeds the adjacent tooth in width and length. The number of the teeth varies in the @ from 16-18 (15-17 in Pocock’s specimens) and in the g¢ from 17-20. U. wnsignis is much rarer than lineatus, and has hitherto been found only at certain places in the Cape Peninsula. Most of our specimens were obtained on the Newlands and Constantia slopes of Table Mountain by Mr. W. L. Sclater, while a single example was found by Mr. R. M. Lightfoot on the Kalk Bay Mountain. According to Pocock Dr. H. A. Spencer obtained ansigivis only on Table Mountain and lineatus only on the lower ground. As a matter of fact, however, lineatus is common on the mountain sides as well, and I have myself found both forms living side by side at the foot of the mountain at Newlands. I think, therefore, that insignis is something more than merely a melanistic mountain form of lineatus, and prefer to regard it as a distinct species for the present at any rate, although the struc- tural differences between the two forms cannot be regarded as of any considerable specific importance. The boundary between the lateral and inferior surfaces of the fifth caudal segment is generally just distinguishable as a weak edge with or without a row of granules. UROPLECTES MARLOTHI, nN. sp. ?. Colowr.—Trunk olive-greenish to brownish black, the abdo- — men with a broad, continuous and very conspicuous pale yellow South African Arachmda. 193 median band above; tergites 1-6 also, as in inszgnis, with the usual >< mark and with a narrow longitudinal stripe on each side near the lateral border inconspicuously yellow; cephalothorax much paler and more yellowish anteriorly, with a large posterior median mark, an oblique mark on each side of the median tubercle and various other marks inconspicuously yellow. ‘Tail olive-greenish black on the sides and below, with some obscure brownish or yellowish markings, the upper surface obscurely brownish or brownish yellow, infuscate along the middle; vesicle as in msig- mis. Under side of trunk pale yellowish, but the last abdominal sternite black. Legs pale yellow, with a few infuscate markings. Pedipalps pale yellow, with large infuscate patches, the hands striped and reticulated. Cephalothoraz rather sparsely and finely granular, almost smooth on the interocular area and around the median tubercle. Tergites almost entirely smooth, or sparsely granular laterally in the posterior part of the segments ; median keel smooth. Sternites smooth, without trace of keels. Cauda relatively longer than in insignis and lineatus, the fourth segment 12 times as long as wide; second, third, and fourth seg- ments when seen from above almost parallel-sided, scarcely at all bulging convexly from before to behind; no well-developed granular crests; the superior edges weakly subcrenular, terminating behind in segments 2-3 in a low stout blunt tubercle ; the two upper lateral keels also indicated in segment 1 and smooth or subcrenular ; all other keels absent ; sides and under surface of segments 1-3 smooth or nearly so, or the sides with a few granules; segment 4 rather weakly but thickly granular; segment 5 more coarsely and thickly granular, especially below, without trace of an edge or keel between the lateral and inferior surfaces; upper caudal surface granular mesially in segment 1, smooth in the other segments ; vesicle thickly granular, the tubercle below the aculeus very low, convex or almost quite obsolete, never pointed or toothlike. Pedipalps.—¥Yemur finely granular above ; upper surface of tibia smooth, with a strip of granules along its anterior edge; hand smooth, stouter than the tibia, the dentition much as in lineatus. Legs.—Femora and generally also the posterior tibiz granular ex- ternally. Pectines with 18-22 teeth, the basal one enlarged. Locality—6 ad. 2 collected on the summit of the Great Winter- hoek (altitude above 6,800 feet), Tulbagh Div., by Dr. R. Marloth, Messrs. Gother Mann and Bolus. 194 Annals of the South African Museum. Measwrements.—Total length 43 ; length of cephalothorax 4:7, of tail 24:5; length and width of first caudal segment 2°8, 2:9, of second segment 3°4, 2.7, of third segment 3°5, 2:6, of fourth segment 4°4, 2°6, of fifth segment 4°8, 2°6, of sixth segment 4:9, 2:3; length of tibia of pedipalp 4.5, 1.9; width of hand 2:2; length of hand-back 3°3, of movable finger 4:6. Besides being relatively shorter, the second, third, and fourth caudal segments in the ? of lineatus and insignis appear more convex at the sides from before to behind when seen from above; in marlotht these sides are almost parallel. The granulation on the under surface of the fifth caudal segment in marlothi is about as coarse as, although much denser than, that in a @ lineatus from the Cape Peninsula. U. marlotht is closely related to U. insignis, from which it may be distinguished by the total absence of the infero-lateral crest or edge in the fifth caudal segment. Gen. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS C. L. Koch. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS WAHLBERGI (Thor.) Three local races of this species, differing in the colouration of the tail, may be distinguished :— a. O. wahlbergr (typicus) with at most the fifth caudal segment blackened towards the apex, the rest of the tail being yellow. This agrees with the description Thorell gives of his spirit specimen from the Stockholm Museum, which is said to have been found by Wahlberg in ‘‘ Caffraria’”’ and may be taken as the type. The South African Museum possesses three specimens from German South- West Africa (Dr. &. Marloth), in one of which (a young @ ) the fifth caudal segment is lightly infuscated on the sides and below in the posterior half, while in the other two specimens (described in Ann. S. A. Mus., v. 1, p. 140) none of the caudal segments are blackened. This form is not known to occur south of the Orange River, and Wahlberg’s specimen doubtless also came from German South-West Africa, probably from Damaraland, whence the species has been recorded by Kraepelin and Pocock.* B. O. wahlbergi var. gariepensis, n., with the fourth caudal seg- ment more or less blackened on the sides and below, the fifth * O. wahlbergi has also been recorded from British Bechuanaland by Penther (Ann. Naturh. Hofm. Wien, v. 15, p. 158, 1900), but no mention is made of the colouration. South African Arachnida. 195 segment being blackened all round except at the posterior end, which is pale yellow like the vesicle; chelicerae and fingers of pedipalps not darkened. This form was discovered by Mr. M. Schlechter and described by me as the “ Yellow-stinged race” of wahlbergi in Ann. §. A. Mus., v. 1, p. 139. It is only known from the narrow strip of country lying between Vuurdood and Naroep* in the north of Little Bush- manland, Namaq. Div., immediately south of the Orange (Gariep) River. The Museum has many specimens from Naroep (which may be taken as the types of the variety) and a few from Vuurdood and Hunitsamas, both near Ramonds Drift, and from Zandhoogte between Hunitsamas and Naroep, all of which have been already mentioned in my previous paper. y. O. wahlbergr var. nigrovesicalis, n., with the vesicle, the whole of the fifth caudal segment, a great part of the fourth and often a few patches at the end of the third, blackened or dark olive-green, as are also the fingers of the chelicere. This form is identical in colouration with the dried specimen from the Gothenburg Museum mentioned by Thorell, and a very large number of specimens (over 650) has recently been collected by Mr. M. Schlechter and described by me as the « Black-stinged race ” of wahlbergi in Ann. §. A. Mus., v. 1, p. 139. It appears to occur, generally in abundance, throughout Little and Great Bushmanland (in the N.H. part of Namaq. Div. and the N. part of Kenhart Div. in Cape Colony), and throughout the whole of this area the same type of colouration is preserved. To the numerous localities given in my former paper (p. 140) may be added (a) Beeststert (near Coboop at the Orange River), and (0) 4wartmodder, both in Kenhart Div. (M. Schlechter). The specimens from Naroep may be regarded as the types of this variety, and it is noticeable that at this locality both the varieties occur side by side without showing any transitional forms of colour- ation. It is evident that they do not interbreed. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS LONGICAUDA Pure. This species appears to be common in the north of Kenhart Diy. in Great Bushmanland, where Mr. M. Schlechter collected the following specimens :— * I.e., between long. 18° 15’ and 18° 40’ E. of Greenwich. + This area of distribution extends from about long. 18° (J ackalswater) to about long. 193° (Zwartmodder), a distance of over 100 miles. 196 Annals of the South African Musewm. (a) 28 ¢ (15 ad.) and 19 g (2ad.) from Zwartmodder: Number of pectinal teeth in @ 15-18,in g 19-23; length of cephalothorax in @ 164-19 mm., in g 164-174 mm. These specimens are of a much larger size than the types from Naroep, as they measure up to 135 mm. (?) and 130 mm. (3) in length. In the ad. g the tail is 42 times as long as the cephalothorax, which is equal to, or slightly less than the femur of the pedipalp in length; moreover, the upper surface of the hand is less smooth than in the types, being more or less granular near the denticulate inner margin. In the ad. @ the tail is more than 33 and often nearly four times as long as the cephalothorax. (0) 2.ad. @, 3 ad. g anda number of juv. from Beeststert near Coboop in the north-west corner of Kenhart Div: Large specimens, nearly equalling gigas in size and measuring up to 147 mm. (?) and 132 mm. (3) in length. (c) 2 juv. from Beenbreek on the Orange River. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS KARROOENSIS Pure. Additional localities.*—(a) lad. § and several juv. from Kogmans Kloof near Ashton and (0) 1 ad. ¢ and several juv. from Hot Baths near Montagu, Robertson Div. (W. F. Purcell and Mrs. W.F’. Purcell) : Resembling those from Ashton, but larger; length of cephalothorax imvade) Q) G/ mmat (c) 9 ?'(5 ad.) and a number of g (5 ad.) from Jansenville (in the collection of the Albany Museum, and kindly lent by Dr. Schonland): Number of pectinal teeth in ¢ 16-20, in g 21-29; length of cephalothorax in ad. @ 114-13 mm., in ad. g 11-123 mm. In the ad. ? the fifth abdominal sternite is very weakly granular posteriorly or almost entirely smooth, the length of the hand-back generally very distinctly exceeds the width of the hand, and the first caudal segment is generally almost smooth below in the anterior part: and sometimes only very weakly granular in the middle posteriorly. In the ad. 3 the first abdominal sternite and often also the second (except laterally) are frequently smooth. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS AUSTERUS Karsch. Additional localities —(a) 1 ad. ¢ from Middelburg, Cape Colony (Dir, Ge So ZUG). * Penther (Ann. Naturh. Hofm. Wien, v. 15, p. 159, 1900) has recently recorded this species from the Outeniqua Mountains (George and Knysna Divs.). South African Arachnida. 197 (6) lad. g,2ad. 9 and a number of juv. from Colesberg (C. L. Lewpoldt). There can no longer be any doubt that O. colesbergensis Simon (Soe. ent. Fr. ser., 5, v. 10, p. 388, 1880) from the same locality is identical with awsterus Karsch, as suggested by Kraepelin. The species is evidently nearly related to karrooensis Pure. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS CARINATUS (Pet.). Additional localities.*—(a) 1 juv. g from Beenbreek on the Orange River in north-west of Kenhart Div., Great Bushmanland {M. Schlechter): Number of pectinal teeth 32. (o) 1 juv. @ from Kakamas on the Orange River in north of Kenhart Div. (M. Schlechter): Number of pectinal teeth 16-17. (c) lad. 9 from the neighbourhood of Upington on the Orange River in south of Gordonia, Bechuanaland: Number of pectinal teeth 30 ; length of cephalothorax 164 mm.; colour as in the ¢ from Great Bushmanland previously described ; under surface of abdominal and anterior caudal segments almost smooth, only faintly transversely striated in places; Jength of hand-back exceeding width of hand. (d) 9 Q@ (8 ad.) and 7 g (2 ad.) collected along the western side of the Harts River (between that river and the Kaap Plateau) in the Barkly Div., Cape Colony (Garwood Alston): Number of pectinal teeth in 2? 16-20, in 3 24-28; length of cephalothorax in ad. 2 13-143 mm., in ad. g 13:3 mm.; hind margin of abdominal tergites generally broadly ochraceous; anterior surface of tibize and of distal part of femora of legs generally more or less strongly infuseated ; under surface of abdominal and of anterior caudal segments as in the d from Upington (see c above) ; length of hand-back in ad. 3 equal to the width of hand; width of hand in largest ¢ 10-8, in g os length of hand-back in 9 9°6, in $ 9-2, length of movable finger in ? 14°5,in g 14:7. These specimens are smaller in size, lighter in colour, and have much narrower hands than the specimens from Bushmanland and Upington. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS ATER Pure. A @ of this very rare scorpion was recently found by Dr. R. H. Howard on a hillock about nine miles from Port Nolloth, Namaq. Div. It differs from the g in the following points :— * Penther (Ann. Naturh. Hofm. Wien, v. 15, p. 158) has recently recorded the species from the Cango Valley near Oudtshoorn. This locality is very far south of any place from which we have specimens. 198 Annals of the South African Museum. ?. Colour of the whole animal very dark blackish-brown, the pectines pale yellowish. Cephalothorax as long as the first and second caudal segments. and 2 of the third, its anterior edge emarginate in the middle. Tergites 2-6 smooth in the middle, but finely granular towards the sides, the median keel smooth in all the segments. Sterntes all smooth ; the spiracles narrow, with parallel edges. Tail_—Upper surface finely and sparsely granular in the anterior, but smooth in the posterior segments, the terminal tooth of the superior crests enlarged in segments 1-4; sides of the tail smooth or with a few fine granules between the keels; ventral surface of segments 1-2 smooth, polished and minutely punctate, that of seg- ment 3 more uneven, especially laterally, but not granular, that of segment 4 weakly and thickly granular; the infero-lateral keels. smooth and almost obsolete in segment 1, smooth and very weak in segment 2, weak but granular posteriorly in segment 3, quite distinct and weakly granular in segment 4; vesicle smooth on the basal half below. Pedipalps.—Upper crest of tibia coarsely granular, the posterior surface less granular than in g; hands less hairy, broad, moderately convex, and thickly covered above with low tubercles, which are more isolated but anastomose somewhat near the inner basal angle; - inner edge of hand with blunt granules ; width of hand considerably exceeding length of hand-back ; the granules of the finger-keel par- tially fused in the distal part to a short smooth keel, which does not. exceed, however, + or } of the whole length. Legs.—Terminal tarsal segment of third leg with one, of fourth leg with no external spines below, the outer terminal lobe with four spines in both pairs of legs ; the penultimate tarsal segment of third and fourth legs with an external spine below, proximal to the large intersegmental spur (this being also the case in the 3). Pectines with 11 teeth, the scape free of teeth at the base for ? of its length. Measurements.—Total length 80; greatest length of cephalothorax 114; width 101; distance of eyes from anterior median edge 72; width of hand 82; length of hand-back 64, of movable finger 94, of tail 37. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS GRANICAUDA Purc. Additional locality—1 ad. 3 from Klipfontein (near Steinkopf),. Namaq. Div., Cape Colony (Dr. R. H. Howard): Interocular area of South African Arachnida. I, cephalothorax densely and coarsely granular almost throughout, smooth only on a small area at the summit of each lateral convexity. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS GRANIFRONS Poc. Additional specimens of the principal form.—1 ad. ? and 4 ad. 3 from Concordia (J. H. C. Krapohl): Number of pectinal teeth in 9 12,in g 15-16 (rarely 17) ; length of cephalothoraxin @ 14mm., in § 114-154 mm.; tarsus of third leg always with an external inferior spine *; granulation of last abdominal sternite in 3 as in the specimens from Steinkopf. These specimens agree very closely with those from Steinkopf. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS pictus Krpln. The Museum possesses specimens from the following localities :— (a) Lad. ? from Port Elizabeth (J. P. Cregoe). (6) 9ad. 2 from Red House Station (about 9-10 miles from Port Elizabeth), Uitenhage Div. (J. L. Drége) : Number of pectinal teeth 11-14; length of cephalothorax 11-124 mm. (c) 12 9 (Qad.) and 3 g (2 ad.) from Dunbrody on the Sundays. River, Uitenhage Div. (Rev. J. A. O’ Neil): Number of pectinal teeth in 9 10-14,in ¢ 14-16; length of cephalothorax in ad. 9 112-15 mm... in ad. g 124-123 mm. The colour in all these specimens is much as described by Kraepelin, but the fingers are blackish green and the sides of the cephalothorax are often more or less deeply tinged with olive- greenish. The 9 has been described in detail by Kraepelin (Jahrb. Hamb. Anst. v. 11, p. 102, 1894) but not the g, the principal characters of which are the following :— 3. Cephalothorax equalling or very slightly exceeding the first and second caudal segments in length (equalling the first and second and half of the third in the ¢); surface of interocular area smooth or very weakly granular (as is also the case in the ¢ ). Tergites 1-6 finely shagreened, the posterior ones more coarsely granular laterally behind (in the ¢ these segments are smooth, or more or less granular laterally). Sternites of abdomen thickly covered with large coarse tubercles (smooth only along the anterior border of segment 1 and on the lung-books of the anterior segments), which are strongly transverse * Pocock (Ann. Mag. N.H., ser. 6, v.17, p. 242) records a young specimen from Concordia, in which this spine was absent. 200 Annals of the South African Museum. in the mesial portion of the segment in the last 3 or 4 segments, particularly in segment 5, in the mesial part of which are some 10-15 extremely strong ridges. (In the 9 these tubercles are very weak in the anterior segments and sometimes quite absent in segment 1, while in segment 5 the mesial transverse ridges are lower, although very distinct.) Tail.—Medial and lateral inferior keels replaced in segment 1 by transverse ridges and rounded tubercles respectively, resembling those of the fifth abdominal sternite in size and appearance; these keels in segments 2-3 distinct, coarsely granular. (In the @ seg- ment 1 resembles the fifth abdominal sternite below, while in segments 2 and 3 the inferior keels are weakly or coarsely granular.) Pectines with the scape somewhat elongated at the base and free of teeth for about a quarter of its length (in the ? for about one-third of its length). Hands lightly convex above, much narrower, the granules on the upper surface smaller, sharper, and more conical and isolated than in the @ ; width of hand exceeding the length of hand-back ; the inner edge denticulate ; length of hand 194, width 9, length of hand- back 72, length of movable finger 124. In both sexes of this species the finger-keel of the hands is smooth or nearly so for the greater part of its length, or more or less broken up into coarse granules proximally, the granular portion occupying at most half of the whole length. The secondary keels of the hand are denoted principally by 2 black stripes. The superior crest of the tibia of the pedipalp is granular and the posterior surface is pro- vided with the usual series of ridges (sometimes almost obsolete) and generally also with a few coarse granules, at least distally, along the middle. Terminal tarsus of the fourth leg usually with 3 (but often with 4) spines on the outer lobe (4 is the number given by Kraepelin). OPISTHOPHTHALMUS CRASSIMANUS Pure. Additional specimens of variety (3 :— (a) 2 ad. @ from Bladgrond, Great Bushmanland, Kenhart Div. (M. Schlechter). (b) 1 juv. from Beenbreek and (c) 1 juv. from Kakamas, both near the Orange River in the north of Kenhart Div. (AZ. Schlechter). Variety y.—A third variety of crassimanus occurs in Carnarvon Div., Cape Colony, which is distinguished by the presence on the penultimate tarsal segment of the third and fourth legs (at least on one side of the body) of an external inferior spine, situated a little South African Arachnida. : 201 proximal to the large intersegmental spur. This spine was absent from all our specimens of the typical form and of variety 6. 2- lamelliform hairs are always present on the inner surface of the basal segment of the cheliceree. This variety is represented by the following specimens :— (d) 9 ad. 2, 2 ad. f, and 22 juv. from Van Wyks Vlei (D. C. Alston): Length of cephalothorax in largest ¢ 164 mm., in ¢g 14-154 mm.; tarsus of fourth leg normally with three but not in- frequently four spines on the outer terminal lobe; abdominal sternites in @ much more strongly granular than in the types, all the segments (rarely segment 1 quite smooth) granular in the middle and, in the posterior segments, also laterally (except on the lung- books), the mesial granules of the posterior segments coarse and strongly transverse,“ especially in segment 5; untoothed basal portion of the scape of the pectines shorter than in the types or variety (3, forming only ? of the whole length in the @; anterior fork on cephalothorax generally quite absent or indistinct, sometimes quite distinct. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS NITIDICEPS Poc. The Museum contains the following specimens :— (a) 1 juv. from Port Elizabeth (J. L. Drége). (6) 21 2 (11 ad.) and 12 juv. g¢ from Dunbrody on the Sundays River, Uitenhage Div. (Rev. J. A. O'Neil): Number of pectinal teeth in @ 12-16, in g¢ 13-20; length of cephalothorax in ad. 9 114-13 mm. The 2 of nztidiceps closely resembles that of crassimanus in having the hands very convex above and very broad (their breadth almost equalling the length of the cephalothorax), the vesicle granular anteriorly below for a considerable extent, the scape of the pectines free of teeth at the base for some distance (4 of its length) and the cephalothorax very smooth, being finely granular only at the sides. Tt differs principally in having the infero-median keels of first and second caudal segments distinct, weakly crenular, replaced by low granules only in the anterior part of segment 1, which is weakly granular below, the last abdominal sternite mostly weakly granular, the finger-keel of pedipalps smooth or nearly so for a more or less -considerable portion of its length (but generally more or less granular, or at least crenular, proximally), and the terminal tarsus of the third * Similar granules often o2cur in the ¢ of variety 3 from Great Bushminland, .g., in som? of the spesim2ns from Houmo2d. Ie 202 Annals of the South African Museum. and fourth legs with two (very rarely three) external spines below in addition to the four (very rarely three) spines on the terminal outer lobe. The ad. 9 is unfortunately not known, but in the juv. ¢ the last abdominal sternite is coarsely granular, and most of the other sternites are weakly granular in the middle, while the scape of the pectines is rounded at the base behind and free of teeth for a short. distance (about + of its length, more or less). The superior process of the tarsi is shorter than the terminal lobes, and the terminal tooth of the superior caudal crests is sharply conical and sometimes enlarged, sometimes not. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS CHAPERI Sim. Additional locality —a1 ad. 3, 4 ad. @ and several juv. from Brandvlei, Worcester Div. (I. Mewing, W. F'. Purcell). This locality somewhat extends the known range of the species. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS FOSSOR Pure. Additional localities.*—(a) 1 ad. g from the Boschjesveld Range,. overlooking Villiersdorp, Caledon Diy. (Gother Mann). (6) 1 ad. 3 from the western end of the mountain at Caledon (G. French). OPISTHOPHTHALMUS MACER Thor. Additional localities.t—(a) 1 ad. g from Hex River Valley (collected by Mr. F. Treleaven to the north of Hex River East Station) : Number of pectinal teeth 21-22; colour of legs ochraceous, the tibiz infuscated at both ends and along the upper edge; cepha- lothorax granular throughout. (0) 5 @ (3ad.) from the Venster Ravine at Caledon (E. Watermeyer, W. F. Purcell): Number of pectinal teeth 11-12; interocular area. granular throughout or smooth behind; legs dark reddish brown. (c) 1 @ from Houwhoek, Caledon Div. (Mrs. W. F. Purcell): Legs. dark reddish brown. (d) 8 2 (7 ad.) and 3 g (2 ad.) from River Zonder Hinde, Caledon Div. (W. #. Purcell): Number of pectinal teeth in 9 11-13, in o 14-16; interocular area granular throughout (rarely somewhat. smooth behind in the @); legs reddish brown. * Penther (Ann. Naturh. Hofm. Wien, v. 15, p. 158) has recently recorded the species from the Outeniqua Mountains (George and Knysna Divs.) and Robinsons. Pass (between Oudtshoorn and Mosselbay Divs.). + Penther records this species from British Bechuanaland, which is very north of any locality from which macer had previously been recorded. South African Arachuda. 203 (ec) lad. ? from Elim, Bredasdorp Div. (#. Lemmerz): As above. (f) 2 3 and 1 ¢ from the mountain-side at Swellendam (H. A. Fry, W. F. Purcell): Number of pectinal teeth in ¢ 17-18; legs reddish brown ; interocular area granular (3) or smooth behind (? ). (g) 1 ad. g from Witteklip near Van Stadens River, Uitenhage Div. (J. L. Drége): Interocular area nearly smooth behind. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS LATIMANUS C. L. Koch. Additional localities.*—(a) 8 ad. 2? from the vicinity of King- williamstown (J. Wood, H. M. Chute): Number of pectinal teeth 11-14. (6) An ad. 9 and ¢ from Graaff Reinet (G. French). (c) 3 ad. 9 and 1 ad. ¢ from Blue Cliff, Uitenhage Div. (J. LZ. Drége): Number of pectinal teeth 12-14. (dq) 1 2 from Hell’s Gate Kloof at Uitenhage (kindly lent by Mr. F. West, of Port Elizabeth). All the above specimens resemble those previously described fronx Brakkloof, the legs being dark reddish brown. (e) An ad. 2 and g from Jansenville (in the Albany Museum, kindly lent by:Dr. Schonland): Number of pectinal teeth in 9 14-16, in g 19; colour as in the specimens from Brakkloof, except that of the legs, which is pale ochraceous. OPISTHOPHTHALMUS GLABRIFRONS Pet. Additional localities.—(a) 2 ad. g and several ? , collected about twenty miles east of Pietersburg, Zoutpansberg District, Transvaal (Rev. J. W. Daneel): Large; closely resembling the specimens described under (a) in my previous paper (p. 161). (6) 1 ad. and 1 juv. 3, collected along the Harts River, Barkly Div., Cape Colony (Garwood Alston): Large; closely resembling those described under (a) in my previous paper (p. 161), except that the finger-keel is partially smooth distally. (c) Lad. § from the Matopo District, Matabeleland (A. Pillans) : Size and characters of the g from Bechuanaland, described under (c) in my previous paper (p. 162). (d) 2 ad. § and 2 ad. 9 from Salisbury, Mashonaland (G. 4. KX. Marshall): Rather small specimens, the g resembling those from Mazoe, but the @ with the finger-keel more granular and the intero- cular area nearly smooth. (ec) 6 ad. g from Waterberg in the north of the Transvaal * Penther records the species from the Outeniqua Mountains (George and Knysna Diys.), as well as from various places in Albany Div. 204 Annals of the South African Museum. (fh. v. Jutrsencka), kindly lent by Dr. Gunning, of the Pretoria _ Museum: Number of pectinal teeth 14-19; length of cephalothorax 123-14 mm. ; distance of eyes from anterior margin 2,),—-21 times their distance from hind margin ; finger-keel granular in the proximal half, smooth in the distal half or third, rarely granular almost throughout its length; secondary keel of hand granular, strong distally but very weak or obsolete proximally; interocular area almost entirely smooth, or the anterior and medial part more or less roughened with very minute granulation ; tarsus of fourth leg often with only three spines on the outer terminal lobe; total length 85-99 mm. ‘These specimens closely resemble those described under (e) in my previous paper (p. 162), but they are larger and the colour is not reddish, the tail, legs, and pedipalps being pale yellowish to yellowish brown. (S. A. Mus. reg. no. 5076.) | Gren. HADOGENES Krpln. HADOGENES GRANULATUS, 0. sp. Adult § (dry).—Colour reddish brown, the legs paler, the cephalo- thorax somewhat blackened laterally on each side of the interocular area ; pedipalps with black crests and fingers ; vesicle yellowish. Cephalothorax broader than long, the frontal margin nearly straight, not emarginate in the middle; the upper surface very densely granular throughout, the granulation fine, except that on the sides of the cephalothorax and in the depressed area in front of the median tubercle, where it is much coarser than elsewhere and plainly visible to the unaided eye; lateral eyes small, equal, the middle eye distant about 1 of its diameter from the anterior and almost its own diameter from the posterior eye; superciliary ridges of median eyes weakly crenular above, granular behind. Tergites 1-6 very finely shagreened, except on the broad anterior raised borders, which are mostly nearly smooth; seventh segment as long as broad, narrowed behind but not semicircularly rounded, the upper surface finely shagreened, with coarser granulation towards the sides behind; the broad anterior raised border of the seventh segment very minutely granular, emarginate behind and provided with the usual pair of small pits at hind margin. Sternites smooth and polished, the last segment with a pair of yery large and deep apical depressions. Tail very long, six times the length of the cephalothorax, which is equal to the first caudal segment together with slightly less than + of South African Arachnida. 205 the second. Segment 1 depressed, wider than high, highest and widest near hind end, becoming narrower and considerably lower towards the front; the sides straight throughout the greater part of the segment but not parallel, diverging gradually from the anterior end backwards as far as the widest part near hind end, behind which the sides converge again for a very short distance; length of the segment 3} times the width and nearly 32 times the height behind ; the superior keels far apart, forming a pair of low, broad, rounded, finely granular ridges but without any seriate granulation, and ending behind in a pair of low convexities; the upper surface broadly grooved medially throughout the whole length and finely granular. Surface of tail, especially on the sides, very finely granular, more coarsely so in the fifth segment. Superior keels sharply denticulate in segments 2-5, the denticles very small in the anterior part of segments 2-3, and strongest in the posterior segments, the terminal tooth slightly enlarged in segments 3-4 but not spiniform. Lateral keels strong in segment 1, nearly smooth, or weakly granular in places, abbreviated at posterior and anterior end, the sides of segments 2-5 raised convexly along the middle longitudinally but scarcely carinate. Inferior lateral and medial keels almost smooth in segment 1, very finely (but not serially) granular and irregularly roughened with pits in segments 2-3, coarsely denticulate in segment 5d (with about 12-15 large teeth in each keel). Vesicle somewhat compressed, broader than the hind end of segment 5, the surface, especially below, very irregular, densely and rather coarsely granular (like the sides of fifth segment); upper side almost straight, being only very slightly convex in the middle, but slightly concave posteriorly before the base of aculeus. Pectines with 22-23 teeth, the scape angular at the base behind. Pedipalps with the fingers lobed at base; the hand slightly convex along the middle above, with the upper surface more or less reticu- larly granular, the granulation coarse towards the sides. Locality.—-An old specimen labelled ‘‘ Rustenburg District, Trans- vaal”’ (reg. no. 420, 7. Ayres). Measurements.—Total length 191 (abdomen stretched, natural length probably about 185); length of cephalothorax 182, width 191; length of last abdominal tergite 123, width 13; length of tail 113; length of first segment 14, greatest width (behind) 44, height behind 4; length of second segment 21, of third segment 214, of fourth segment 24, of fifth segment 22, of sixth segment 113; width behind of fifth segment 3; width of vesicle 31, height 44; length of femur of pedipalp 18, width of upper surface (including bordering granules) 206 Annals of the South African Museum. 64, length of anterior surface (measured along the middle from proximal side of large basal tooth to distal end of segment) 114, width of anterior surface (including bordering crests) 54; length of hand 324, width 10; length of hand-back 19, of movable finger 17. This species appears to be near H. teniurus (Thor.), which was described from a 2 specimen obtained by C. J. Andersson, who collected in Damaraland. Orper PHDIPALPI. PHRYNICHUS SCULLYI, Nn. sp. -Colowr of the cephalothorax and pedipalps blackish brown to nearly black, the hands reddish; abdomen dark brown above, the lateral borders of the tergites, the sides and the ventral surface ochraceous ; legs light brown to yellowish brown, the proximal part of the femora blackish brown. (The two small specimens altogether lighter, with brown cephalothorax and pedipalps, and brownish yellow abdomen and legs.) Whole animal thickly granular. Cephalothoraz 12 times as wide as long (in the two small ex. about 12 times), the subspina in front of the oc. tubercle prominently projecting. Pedipalps very stout ; the anterior face of the femur and tibia broad and flat, granular, each bordered along both the upper and the lower edges by a row of sharply conical teeth and 5-7 longer spines, the 3 distal spines of the upper edge of the tibia subequal and very long; hand with a strong, curved, conical spine (in the young ex. a large conical tubercle) at the base above, as in Damon ; length of the femur somewhat exceeding the width of the cephalothorax in the largest specimen (less than this width in the other examples). Localities.—(a) Nieuwoudtville, Calvinia Div., Cape Colony. Typical ex. (reg. no. 6,307, H. B. Watermeyer); length of trunk 154, width of cephalothorax 94, length of femur of pedipalp 84. (b) Pakhuisberg, Clanwilliam Div. (young ex., A. Schlechter). (c) Namaqualand, Cape Colony (young ex., W. C. Scully). (d) A large dried ex. without a history ; length of trunk 19; length of femur of pedipalp 134, width in middle 2+, height in middle 21; width of cephalothorax 12}. This genus has not previously been recorded from South Africa, where the first specimen was found by Mr. Seully. South African Arachnida. 207 OrveR SOLIFUG AL. The known South African genera may be determined from the ollowing. table :— a. Fourth leg with a pair of terminal claws wv. First leg without claws. a. Second and third legs with 4, fourth leg with 7 tarsal segments. a3. Ocular tubercle with a number of bristles on anterior side; the metatarsus of the pedipalps without true spines, generally with a number of stout truncated cylinder-bristles below. . Solpuga Licht. 63. Ocular tubercle with only 2 large bristles in front, behind them 2 smaller ones, all forming part of the semicircular series round the medial side of each eye; metatarsus of pedipalps with true spines below in the ¢ .. .. Zeriassa Poe. . Second and third legs sith 1-2 —2, fourth ee ile ie 4 tarsal segments. a+. Second and third legs with 2, fourth leg with 4 distinct tarsal segments .. a0 20 30 b+. Second and third legs with unsegmented tarsus. a3. Tarsus of fourth leg distinctly 2-jointed, the distal segment shorter than the Lael one and movably articulated to it : oe ae .. Blossia Sim. 65. Tarsus of fourth foe 1-2- jointed, but the distal joint not movably articulated. a°. Metatarsus and tibia of pedipalp without true spines below, the metatarsus thickly studded all round with brownish- black, truncated, cylindrical bristles .. Henviblossia Krpln. 6°. Metatarsus and tibia of pedipalp with distinct spines below ats : Gluviopsis Krpln. b'. First leg with a pair of small teen claws; tarsus of second to fourth legs 2-jointed Ceroma Karsch. 4. Fourth leg without claws .. Ham. HExXIsOPpoDID2. a’, Pedipalps without spines 67. Pedipalps with strong spines ate .. Ham. SOLPUGID. . Daezsia Karsch. .- Hexisopus Karsch. 56 are 06 .. Chelypus, n. g. Gen. SOLPUGA Licht.* * T have previously called attention to the fact that in some species of this genus, ¢.g., S. cervina Pure. (Ann. S. A. Mus., v. 1, p. 415) and S. vincta C, L. Koch (ibid., p. 420), the flagellum occupies different positions in dried and in spirit specimens, the distal part of the shaft being bent much further backwards (or downwards) in the former than in the latter case. From an examination of some living males of S. vincta it appears that the natural position of the recurrent portion of the flagellum when at rest is a nearly horizontal one, parallel to the upper side of the chelicerze. On being placed in spirits the recurrent shaft immediately rises to an angle of about 45°, as drawn in fig. 23 (loc. cit., p. 421). I should also mention that the specimens doubtfully referred to on p. 401 of the paper quoted above as young of Solpuga have since proved to belong to the genera Blossia or Hemiblossia. 208 Annals of the South African Musewn. SoLPUGA LETHALIS C. L. Koch.* Additional localities.—(a) Concordia, Namaqualand Div. (2; J. H. C. Krapohl). (0) Ashton, Robertson Div. (g, H. de Wet); also Bonnie Vale Farm near Bushmans Drift on the Breede River (near Ashton), Swellendam Div. (?, Ch. Groom). SOLPUGA VENATOR Poe. Additional locality.—Dunbrody, on the Sundays River, Uitenhage Diy. (3:3, 5 9, and 7 juy., Hev. J. A. O New; alsol- 9) H: Hee Schwarz and A. W. Rogers). Apex of flagellum reaching to between the anterior and posterior margins of the eye-tubercle; the ? and juv. occasionally with a very minute additional tooth just in front of the third or intermediate tooth of the upper finger of one of the chelicere. According to Kraepelin (Das Tierr., Palp. and Sol., p. 57), the ? of this species is distinguishable from that of lethalis by the posses- sion of a number of short truncated cylinder-bristles on the ventral surface of the tibia of the pedipalp, similar to those on the metatarsus. Although this is the case in the ? of venator from Namaqualand, it is not so in the specimens from Dunbrody,} in which the truncated cylinder-bristles, although plentiful on the metatarsus, are very scarce or almost entirely absent from the under surface of the tibia in the ¢ , all or almost all the short bristles on this surface being slender and notched at the apex. I know of no reliable character for distinguish- ing the ? of these two species. The best character so far appears to be the number of intermediate teeth in the single series of the upper finger of the chelicere. SOLPUGA CERVINA Pure. 8 3g of this species were recently obtained at Steinkopf, Nama- qualand Div., by Mr. M. Schlechter. The anterior of the two inter- mediate teeth of the upper Jaw may be quite absent (as was also the case in the ? previously recorded by me from this place, loc. cit., p. 417), or present and minute, as in the type. * The literature of the species of Solpuga is given in Kraepelin, Das Tierr,, Palp. and Sol., 1901. + Asno ¢ of lethalis has as yet been found anywhere near this locality, these ¢ cannot well be considered as belonging to the latter species. South African Arachiuda. 209 SOLPUGA ALSTONI, 0. sp. (Fig. 1.) 3. Colowr brown, the under surface of the trunk and of the bases of the legs pale yellowish; fingers of chelicerze pale yellow, reddish to black at the apex; cephalothorax along the middle and at the sides also pale yellowish ; fourth leg with the apex of femur, the tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus brownish-black; malleoli infuscated at the edges; abdominal tergites brownish-black, the anterior ones broadly brown on each side, the bristles on the tergites brownish- black at base, white distally ; sides of the abdomen with a narrow black stripe above but broadly dark brown below, thickly covered with soft white hairs; under surface pallid, with pallid hairs, the posteriormost segments dark brown with light brown hairs. Fourth leg with numerous, extremely long, soft, white hairs on the femur (on all sides) and on the sides and upper surface of the tibia and meta- tarsus ; second and third legs with a small number of similar hairs. on the femora and tibize. Pedipalps long, the tibia and metatarsus with numerous truncated bristles below, the femur with 4-5 very strong spiniform bristles below, the proximal one being shortest and extremely stout. Fig. 1.—S. alstont, n. sp. Chelicere.—Upper finger straight, curved downwards but not outwards at the apex of the terminal fang, and provided below with 5 teeth in the single series, the two intermediate ones (third and fourth) very distinct ; basal half of terminal fang with the upper medial edge not carinate but rounded for some distance in front of the flagellum, the middle of the fang with a short oblique keel com- mencing on the upper surface and ending anteriorly on the median side in a small angle. Lower finger with 2 strong curved teeth and a small intermediate one. Flagellum.—Basal enlargement high and almost rotundate in out- line when seen from the medial side, the superior edge sharp and strongly laterally compressed ; procurrent portion of shaft extremely short; the anterior bend extremely short and sudden, far back, 210 Annals of the South African Museum. situated over the intermediate teeth, the recurrent portion of shaft, when seen from the side, ascending directly from the upper surface of the terminal fang almost straight upwards (directed slightly backwards), and then strongly curving backwards slightly beyond its middle ; seen from above and in front the recurrent portion appears doubly sinuate, being concave externally in the basal half and internally in the distal half, the basal part stout, angular, and somewhat triquetrous, the distal part slender, terete, and subulate. Total length 244, width of cephalothorax 42, length of pedipalp 25%, of tibia 84, of metatarsus + tarsus 84. Locality.—1 3 (reg. no. 4,661) from Hities, in Gt. Bushmanland, Kenhart Div., Cape Colony, captured by Mr. E. G. Alston. According to Mr. Alston, this species is diurnal. In general appearance, particularly as regards the colour, the hairiness of the legs, and the size, it much resembles spectralis Pure. It is, how- ever, nearest related to sericea Poc., and belongs to the small group of diurnal species which have no wide interval between the teeth of the single series, but have the hairs of the abdominal tergites darker than those on the sides of the abdomen (sericea, fusca, &c.). SOLPUGA DERBIANA Poe. Locality Grahamstown (3, ¢, Rev. J. A. O'Neil). SoLPUGA LATERALIS C. L. Koch. Additional locality—Dunbrody, on the Sundays River, Uitenhage Div. (3, Rev. J. A. O'Neil). SOLPUGA CHELICORNIS Licht. Localities.—(a) Axrabis (about 30 miles north of Concordia), Little Bushmanland, Namaqualand Div., Cape Colony (g, J. H. C. Krapohl). (>) ities, near Pella, Gt. Bushmanland, Kenhart Div. (3, H. G. Alston). (c) Styrkraal, on the Orange River, Gt. Bushmanland, Kenhart Div. (3, Max Schlechter). I have also seen a male from Willowmore, collected by Dr. Brauns. S. villosa Pure. (Ann. 8. A. Mus., v. 1, p. 428, fig. 24, 3), the locality of which is unknown, is not a distinct species, as it differs South African Arachnida. 211 from the ordinary chelicornis principally in having the flagellum shorter in length and higher at the anterior bend. SOLPUGA HOSTILIS (White). This species has been recorded by Pocock from Pretoria and Barberton (Transvaal) and from Hstcourt (Natal), and by Simon from Basutoland. Additional localities.—(a) Johannesburg, Transvaal (3, ?, H. A. Fry, Alex. Ross), where the species appears to be common. (6) Rietvlei, Umvoti District, Natal (g¢, 9, H. A. Fry). S. cultrata, Pure. (Ann. 8. A. Mus., v. 1, p. 427, figs. 27-27b), is merely a dark-coloured variety of hostilis (White). SoLPUGA LINEATA C. L. Koch. Additional localities—(a) Dunbrody on the Sundays River, Uitenhage Div. (gf and juy., Rev. J. A. O'Neil): Pedipalps and first leg with black stripes. (6) Between Montagu (Robertson Div.) and Barrydale (Swellendam Div.), (go, Isaac Mewing) : Pedipalps and first leg with black stripes. This species is diurnal, the g', ? and juv. having been observed running about in the sunshine, often, especially in the case of the 3, with great rapidity (L. Péringuey, Rev. J. A. O'Neil, I. Metring). Some very interesting observations concerning its habits were made by the Rev. J. A. O’Neil, who discovered examples of the ad. 3, ? and juy. on a number of occasions in the nests of Termes unidentatus Wasm., sometimes as much as three feet underground. A couple of females kept in captivity for a few days by Mr. O’Neil devoured in that period some hundreds of workers and soldiers of 7’. wnidentatus.* Gen. BLOSSIA Sim. BLOSsIA NAMAQUENSIS, 0. sp. (Fig. 2.) 3. Colour pale yellowish; the tibia, apex of femur and base of metatarsus of fourth leg tinged with reddish brown: pedipalps pale yellow; chelicerze, cephalothorax, dorsal surface of abdomen, the legs in part and the proximal portions of the pedipalps thickly covered with very short, erect, apically notched or truncated cylinder- * Kraepelin mentions that Solifwg@ in general feed principally on termites (Das Tierr., Palp. and Solif., p. 9). % 212 Annals of the South African Musewm. bristles, the distal portion of the pedipalp and of the legs and the under side of the abdomen thickly covered with longer, slender, apically notched, cylindrical bristles. Chelicere with a number of apically notched or blunted spines on the upper and outer surfaces, the long posterior ones of the upper surface arranged in an oblique row; distal part provided with long slender bristles on each side, the dorsal surface with a long horizontal distal bristle, which, rising close behind the insertion of the flagellum, becomes gradually thinner towards the apex and is covered with very minute spinules in its distal part. Upper finger strong, evenly curved, with two large, pointed, distal teeth placed as far from the apex as the distal tooth of the lower finger, and followed by a rudimentary intermediate tooth, a large fourth tooth, and several smaller teeth. Lower finger with two large pointed teeth and a very minute intermediate one between them. Fic. 2.—B. namaquensis, n. sp. Flagellum lanceolate (seen from the side), the apex long and slen- der, the opening on the inner side large, the basal part hollow, gradually narrowing anteriorly, but not petiolate, rotatably attached at the anterior end to the inner side of the upper finger behind the level of the third large tooth of the single series; the flagellum is membranous and transparent, its surface is thickly studded with minute prickles right up to the apex, and the lateral wallis furnished along its middle with a thick, pale yellowish, longitudinal rib extend- ing throughout the whole length. Cephalothorax with a few, very short, brown spines scattered amongst the very numerous, short, cylindrical bristles; the hind margin, like that of the thoracic segments, with a row of longer notched spines. South African Arachnuda. 213 Tergites of abdomen with some short scattered spines, which are replaced in the posteriormost segments by longer cylindrical bristles. Second abdominal segment provided below with two clusters, each consisting of a pair of long, slender, filiform, contiguous, reddish hair- structures, and curved backwards and towards the median plane, but not meeting the adjacent cluster. Pedipalps with several stout spines below, hidden amongst the eylinder-bristles on the tibia and metatarsus ; the cylindrical bristles on the dorsal surface of the tibia very short in the basal two-fifths, but much longer in the distal three-fifths of the segment. Total length 114, length of pedipalp 124. Locality.—1 3 from Steinkopf, Namaqualand Div. (I. Schlechter). BLOSSIA UNQUICORNIS, 0. sp. (Fig. 3.) 3. Colowr pale yellow to reddish, the cephalothorax at the sides, the abdominal tergites and in one specimen, also, the metatarsus of the pedipalps and the fourth leg in places, more or less marked with dark brown or reddish brown, the anterior margin of the cephalo- thorax also more or less darkened; the very short cylindrical bristles - on the limbs and body reddish, giving the whole animal a reddish tinge. Cephalothorax and abdonuinal tergites as in namaquensis; the second abdominal segment provided below with two clusters of acute, sickle-shaped, rather thick and fleshy, reddish hair-structures, each cluster composed of two such hairs and meeting the adjoining cluster distally in the median plane. Pedipalps with several short spines below among the long cylinder- bristles of the tibia and metatarsus, the dorsal surface of the tibia with very short cylindrical bristles throughout. Chelicere thickly covered with strong spines; the distal dorsal bristle strongly curved, thick at the base but becoming rapidly thinner and filiform, the slender portion covered with minute fine spinules. Upper finger strong, directed upwards and straight at first, but. curving downwards towards the apex; the 5 distal teeth large, especially the first and the fourth, followed on the outer side by a row of other large teeth belonging to the double series; the distal tooth nearer the apex of the fang in the upper than in the lower finger; lower finger with 2 large teeth, and a small but not very minute one between them. Flagellum membranous, broadly spathulate ; the distal part broad, 214 Annals of the South African Museum. densely covered with shaggy hairs, very obtuse at the apex; the proximal part narrowed and hollow, rotatably attached at its anterior 1G. 3.—B. unguicornis, n. sp. end to the inner surface of the upper finger behind the level of the large fourth tooth; outer wall of flagellum furnished with a strong yellowish axis, which terminates distally in a short and sharp claw. Total length 94-123. Locality—2 § from Dunbrody on the Sundays River, Uitenhage Div., Cape Colony (fev. J. A. O’ Neil). A nocturnal species, closely allied to namaquensis. BLOSSIA CREPIDULIFERA, N. Sp. (Fig. 4.) g. Colour pale yellow; the cephalothorax minutely, but in places only very faintly reticulated with dark brown over its surface ; the tarsus, metatarsus, and the apex of tibia and of femur of the pedipalps (in § from Touws River the apex of the pedipalps only) faintly tinged with brown or reddish brown. Chelicera with numerous, rather slender spines; the distal dorsal bristle straight, its distal half minutely echinated on its surface but not slenderer than the proximal half, pointed at the apex. Dorsal finger conical in the basal half, then slightly bent downwards and continued into the slender, straight, distal half; the latter curved downwards at the tip, with the lower edge somewhat dilated and provided with 3 subequal, saw-edge-like teeth, the posterior edge of the second being longer than that of the first, and that of the second much longer still; conical basal half of finger with 2 distal teeth, of South African Arachnida. 215: which the posterior one is largest and terminates the single series, being followed posteriorly by a double row of about 3 outer and 3 inner teeth. Ventral finger only slightly curved, except at the apex, with 3 sharp teeth, the middle tooth small; the upper edge of the finger slightly convexly elevated for some distance in front of the distal tooth. ws Fic. 4.—B. crepidulifera, n. sp. Flagellwm membranous, transparent and colourless, without longi- tudinal rib, the large opening directed inwards, the superior edge more convex than the lower edge, the distal end pointed ; the free edges of the opening lacerated distally, only a little involuted above and below; anteriorly the flagellum is hollow and rotatably attached. by a narrow stalk to the inner side of the upper finger just behind the level of the large posterior tooth of the single series. Cephalothorax provided with a few medium-sized spines near the sides and in front scattered amongst the very short and numerous cylindrical bristles, the row at the hind margin composed of longer and slenderer spines than in namaquensis. Abdomen.—The 2 clusters of hairs on under surface of second segment meeting distally in the median plane to form an arch, each cluster composed of 3 long, contiguous, filiform, curved hair- structures. Pedipalps with the spines on the under surface of the tibia slender, those on the metatarsus not distinctly distinguishable from the long cylinder-bristles of the under surface. Total length 81-108. —¢. A few @ or young from the Worcester District, probably belonging to this species, differ from the g in having much shorter limbs, while the longer spines of the upper surface of the body are replaced by slenderer cylindrical bristles. The dentition is normal, the single series being composed of 2 large teeth, followed by a small one, and another large one. The spines on the ventral side of the pedipalps are shorter and distinct, even on the metatarsus, which is. 216 Annals of the South African Museum. tinged with reddish brown throughout. No fleshy hairs on second abdominal segment. Localities.—(a) 1 g (type) from Robertson, Cape Colony (W. ie Purcell). (0) 1 g from Touws River Station, Worcester Div. (W. F. Purcell). (c) 1 2 from Worcester (f. M. Lightfoot). (d) 2 2 or juv. from Brandvlei, Worcester Div. (I. Mewring). Found hiding under stones in the daytime. BLOssIA KARROOICA, 0. Sp. (Fig. 5.) 3. Colowr pale yellowish ; the cephalothorax towards the sides, the distal segments of the pedipalps and a considerable portion of the fourth leg more or less faintly tinged or marked with dark brown ; the cheliceree with 1 lateral and 2 dorsal darkish lines. Cephalothorax with some long, notched, cylindrical bristles instead of spines near the sides and in front, and a row of still longer ones at the hind margin. Abdominal tergites with some stout notched bristles or slender spines on anterior segments; second abdominal segment below with 2 clusters of 3 fleshy hairs each, almost meeting distally in the median plane, the hairs long, filiform and curved. Pedipalps with the cylindrical bristles on the dorsal surface of the tibia as long as those on the metatarsus ; the ventral surface of each of these segments with 3 long, strong, very distinct, equidistant spines in their middle part. Chelicerw with numerous shorter and longer, mostly apically notched bristles instead of spines; the distal dorsal bristle curved, its proximal half stout and minutely granular (except at the base), the distal half slenderer, subulate and smooth. Dorsal finger with the superior edge slightly convex and the lower edge almost straight, the tip of the finger curved sharply downwards and tooth-like; the 3 distal teeth largest, the first laterally compressed, obtuse and very near the apex of the finger, followed closely by the second tooth, the second and third teeth pointed, with long posterior edges, the fourth and sixth teeth small with the larger fifth tooth between them, followed by several other teeth of the double series; on the outer surface of the finger just at the base of the distal tooth is a sharp external tooth, distinctly visible from above. Ventral finger with 3 pointed teeth in its middle part, the intermediate tooth small; in front of these is a large outer tooth with long, straight, poste rior South African Arachnida. 217 edge, and an inner lamina with rounded edge rising from the inner edge of the upper surface of the finger. Fie. 5.— B. karrooica, n. sp. Flagellum slender, transparent, with slight sigmoid flexure (seen from the side), the basal half narrow and only slightly inflated, the anterior end obtuse and rotatably attached to the inner surface of the dorsal finger on a level with the small fourth tooth; the flagellum narrowing gradually posteriorly, the distal half slender, suddenly accuminate at the apex (seen from the side). Total length 9. @. Limbs much shorter, but with less dark brown than in the 3 ; the bristles on the chelicere (except the distal dorsal one) and on the cephalothorax and the spines on the tibia and metatarsus of the pedipalps similar to those of the g, but somewhat shorter, the spines strong; upper finger of chelicerae normal, with 4 teeth in the single series, of which the third is small and the first, second, and fourth large, followed by a double series of 3 outer and 3 inner teeth. Lower finger with 2 large teeth and a small one between them. Locality.x—1 $ and 1 ?, found under stones on karroo-kopjes at Prince Albert, Cape Colony (W. F'. Purcell). This species appears to be closely allied to B. setifera Poc. Gren. HEMIBLOSSIA KrplIn. HEMIBLOSSIA O’NEILI, 0. sp. (Figs. 6, 7.) @. Cephalothorax blackish-brown, mostly paler and more yellowish in the central area, the surface thickly studded with numerous, very short, pale yellowish to blackish brown, pointed and truncated bristles, amongst which are scattered a number of longer blackish brown ones. Thorax above and the abdominal tergites pale yellowish or 18 218 Annals of the South African Museum. whitish, with numerous, colourless, apically notched, cylindrical bristles and a small number of longer blackish brown ones ; the soft skin on the sides blackish brown, sharply marked off from the pale yellowish or whitish under surface, which is thickly covered with pale notched bristles. Pedipalps blackish brown, the tip of the tarsus sometimes yellowish, the trochanter pale and more or less tinged with dark brown, the metatarsus thickly clothed on all sides with erect, trun- cated, almost black cylinder-bristles, with some longer dark brown bristles scattered amongst them, but without pointed spines; the rest of the limb, including the coxa, with mostly dark brown bristles, the outer and dorsal surface of the tibia with a coat of short truncated or notched cylindrical bristles. i oad ae ai Fig. 6.—Hemiblossia o’neili, n. sp.; Fic. 7.—Henviblossia o'neili, n. sp. tarsus of fourth leg of ad. ¢ and 2, chelicera of ¢ from medial side. seen from the side (the segmentation is much too distinctly marked in the figure). Legs entirely pale yellowish or more or less tinged with blackish brown, with numerous colourless shorter bristles and a smaller number of longer dark brown ones; tarsus of fourth leg short, the thick part a little more than three times as long as high, often indistinctly divided by a transverse dorsal groove and by fine oblique lateral lines into 2 equal but not movably articulated segments, the dorsal groove sometimes obsolete and the tarsus then apparently unsegmented ; femur of fourth leg thick, about 2} times as long as high. Malleoli broadly black-edged. Chelicere blackish-brown, with a lateral and 2 dorsal darker stripes; the upper finger strong, curving downwards distally, the South African Arachiuda. 219 2 distal teeth strong, the third smaller but not minute, the fourth larger than the third and followed by 3 smaller outer teeth and 3 inner teeth of the double series; lower finger with 2 large teeth and a small one between them. 3. Pedipalps.—The truncated cylinder-bristles on the metatarsus extremely dense and numerous, blackish brown, the shorter bristles on the rest of the limb (tibia to coxa) mostly whitish. _ Legs.—Tarsus of fourth leg longer, 4—5 times as long as high and mostly more distinctly bisegmented. Femur of fourth leg about three times as long as high. Chelicere with the dentition very similar to that of the @, except that the lower finger is provided with a low elevation on the inner side near the apex. Flagellum strongly laterally compressed, almost semicircular in outline, the upper part laminate, with sharp and convex upper edge, the lower part slightly inflated and hollow in the middle, with a narrow opening on the inner side below; anteriorly the flagellum becomes narrower and is rotatably attached at the obtuse anterior end to the inner side of the upper finger slightly behind the level of the large second tooth; the apex produced into 2 large horns forming a crescent, the superior horn hairy. Total length of ad. 3 64-93, of largest ¢ 134. Locality.—Several g and ¢ specimens found running about in the sunshine by the Rev. J. A. O’Neil at Dunbrody, on the Sundays River, Uitenhage Div., Cape Colony (Nov., Dec.). In the @ specimen of H. bowviert, Krpln. (Upper Zambesi), upon which the genus was founded, the fourth tarsus, according to Kraepelin, is unsegmented and at most three times as long as high, but the g is not known. The characteristic colouration of bowviers, however, very closely resembles that of o’nezli, which is of the diurnal type, while the Blossie are nocturnal. Gun. GLUVIOPSIS Krpln. GLUVIOPSIS AUSTRALIS, n. sp. (Fig. 8.) 3. Colowr.—Chelicere pale yellow, with some dark brown lines and reticulation; cephalothorax dark brown, the central area reticulated, the median line pale yellow, the eyes black ; abdominal segments pale yellow, bordered with dark brown along the hind margins above, the posterior segments finely reticulated with brown 220 Amnals of the South African Musewn. over the surface ; pedipalps purplish brown, but the basal segments, the proximal half of the femur and the proximal two-thirds of the metatarsus, pallid; legs pallid, but the fourth pair with the femur in its distal part and the tibia and metatarsus towards the middle more or less darkened with purplish brown : under surface quite pale. Chelicere spined on upper and lateral surfaces. Upper finger straight, horizontal, curving downwards at the apex ; its lower edge almost straight, with 4 large teeth in the single row, the third being only slightly smaller than the rest, the double series composed of 3 minute teeth in the outer row and one small posterior and 2 large anterior teeth in the inner row, the latter separated from the single series by a small interspace. Lower finger slightly curved, more curved at the apex, with 3 teeth, of which the anterior is the largest and the middle one minute. Fic. 8.—G. australis, n. sp. Flagelluni inflated in the middle, with a small oval opening on the inner surface, attenuated anteriorly and rotatably attached at its anterior end to the medial side of the dorsal finger above the space between the fourth and fifth teeth, the distal part strongly com- pressed and bent outwards, colourless, membranous, very broadly subtruncated and lacerated at the apex. Pedipalps long and strong, with some truncated cylinder-bristles below; the femur spindle-shaped, with a row of 3 spines below, of which the 2 proximal ones are small and the distal one larger; the tibia nearly straight above but dilated below, the lower surface with 2 rows of very stout spines, viz., 2 inner and 3%* outer ones, in the distal half, the outer row supplemented proximally by a weak fourth spine ; the metatarsus attenuated at the base, with 2 rows of short spines below, the inner row of 4 with the proximal spine in the middle of the segment, the outer row of 5 with the proximal spine situated proximally to the middle, the distal spine of both rows placed at the apex of the metatarsus. * The proximal one is broken off, but marked by a scar in the only pedipalp present. South African Arachmuda. 221 Cephalothorax strongly produced in front, the apex slightly trun- cated in front of the large eyes and bearing 2 spines; the upper surface covered with a number of short obtuse spinules, with some longer spines at the sides and along the hind margin. Abdomen with some short spines on the dorsal surface and a row along the hind margin of the tergites ; ventral surface with numerous apically notched, cylindrical bristles, the second and third segments each with 2 clusters of obovate, apiculate, fleshy hair-structures, 2 in each cluster, near the hind margin, the fourth and fifth segments with a long transverse row of longer and much narrower oblanceolate, pointed bristles. Total length 73, length of pedipalps 82, of fourth leg 10. Locality.—1 3 from Styrkraal, near the Orange River, in the northern part of Kenhart Div., Cape Colony (Max Schlechter). No species of this genus has been previously recorded from South Africa. Gren. HEXISOPUS Karsch. HeExisopus nanatus (C. L. Koch). Additional Locality.—3 3 from Bladgrond, Great Bushmanland, in N.W. of Kenhart Div., Cape Colony (Max Schlechter). In these specimens the rim of the cup which forms the base of the flagellum is straight or nearly so, the procurrent portion of the shaft is not distinctly keeled below, and the ocular tubercle is shorter and less conical in front. In the ¢ from Grasmond, described in a previous paper (Ann. S. A. Mus., v. 1, pp. 385-386, fig. 6), the upper rim of the cup is slightly bent downwards, so as to partially cover the opening, as shown in the figure, while the procurrent portion of the shaft is distinctly keeled below. The recurrent portion of the flagellum appears to be evenly rounded above in all the specimens (not feebly suleate above, as previously stated on p. 386). The dorsal finger of the chelicerz of the g, also, is provided on its inner surface from above the base of the flagellum to the base of the red terminal fang with a number of very short, mostly blunted, pale or reddish spines, the distal ones longer and very dense, forming a tooth-like tuft which is situated on a level with the distal edge of the granulated oval area. The length of the segments of the claws is very variable, the basal segment being sometimes much longer (¢ from Bladgrond), some- 222 Annals of the South African Musewm. times subequal to or even much shorter than the apical segment (specimens from Little Bushmanland). HEXISOPUS RETICULATUS, N. sp. (Fig. 9.) 3g. Colowr.—Chelicere yellow, with fine infuscate reticulation on the sides and above, the terminal fang reddish at the base, black at the apex (one of the chelicerz with a lateral and two dorsal, longi- tudinal, infuscate stripes uniting distally, these stripes partly obsolete on the other chelicera). Cephalothorax blackish brown, with a narrow, sharply marked, yellow border at the lateral and anterior margins, and a large, three-leaved, yellowish, reticulated mark in the centre ; the surface covered with long, soft, white hairs and sparsely distributed, short, dark brown bristles. Thoraco-abdomen infuscate above at least in the anterior segments, covered with long, soft, white hairs, the anterior edge with some short, dark brown ones in addition. Legs and pedipalps pale yellow. Chelicere.—Upper finger evenly curving downwards towards fhe apex, the terminal fang rather pointed, scarcely curved outwards, flattened externally, dilated internally at the base in the same manner as in lanatus ; teeth of the upper finger as in the description of lanatus (Ann. 8. A. Mus., v. 1, p. 385). Lower finger long, slender, strongly curved, with a small tooth behind the middle. Inner side of upper finger provided with a distal tooth-like tuft of reddish spines, similar to those in lanatus (p. 221 above). Fic. 9.—H. reticulatus, n. sp.; a, left chelicera from medial side ; b, apex of flagellum more magnified. Flagellum.—Basal cup large, equalling the procurrent portion in length ; the shaft cylindrical, curved semicircularly at the anterior bend, then straight for some distance and strongly curved down- wards again at the apex, the apical portion strongly compressed, blade-like, slightly dilated and sharp-edged below and ending in a point at some distance behind the basal cup. South African Arachnida. 223 Pedipalps.—Metatarsus with numerous long hairs and short truncated cylindrical ones along its whole length. Locality.—One 3 found by Mr. M. Schlechter near the Orange River, between Bysteek and the Great Falls at Aughrabies, Kenhart Diy., Cape Colony. Total length 114 mm. Resembling H. ngrolunatus Krpln. in the dark colouration, but the structure of the lower finger of the chelicere is quite different. Gren. CHELYPUS, nov. The ¢ differs from that of Hexisopus * principally as follows :— Fourth leg with the 3 distal segments extremely broad (the 2 distal ones broader than long), bluntly angular along the outer edges; the metatarsus broader than the tibia, subequalling the latter in length along the outer inferior edge and longer than the tarsus, its distal part strongly compressed from below; the tarsus very strongly flattened from below and above, almost discoid in shape, with a very narrow outer side bearing a row of 5-6 short, broad, blunt spines ;. inferior surface of the 5 distal segments, as well as the external surface of the tibia and metatarsus, hairless but densely covered with extremely abbreviated, dentiform or granuliform spinules, the hind margin of the 2 femoral segments with longer spines. Third leg with the tibia and the distal segment of femur triquetrous, their posterior surface flattened, hairless and densely covered with strongly abbreviated spinules similar to those on the fourth leg, those along the upper and lower edges longer, particularly on the tibia, the tibia strongly dilated below, its thickness (measured dorso-ventrally) much greater than that of the distal femoral segment. Claws of second and third legs composed almost entirely of the distal segment, the proximal segment extremely short and indistinctly marked off. Distal segments of pedipalps strongly spined. Chelicere without stridulating ribs on the inner surface, which is furnished instead with a large smooth area marked with some fine and quite * Kraepelin’s nomenclature for the segments of the legs (Das Tierr., Palp. & Sol., p. 7, fig. 8) is preferable to that previously used by me (Ann. S. A. Mus., vol. i. p. 382, fig. 1), and will be adopted here. All the legs in Hevisopus, there- fore, are considered as having only one tarsal joint (not counting the minute apical piece bearing the claws), which is preceded by the metatarsus, the tibia, and the distal and proximal femoral segments. The 4 distal segments are directed forwards in the second and third legs, but backwards in the fourth leg, and the spinous outer surface of these segments correspond, therefore, to the posterior surface in the former legs but to the anterior surface in the latter leg. 224 Annals of the South African Musewn. irregular furrows. Ocular tubercle and anterior half of cephalothorax densely covered with reddish granules (abbreviated spinules). Upper lobe of rostrum as long as the lower lobes. In Hexisopus the 3 distal segments of the fourth leg are terete or - only slightly compressed and without angular edges, the tibia is much longer than wide and subequal in length to the 2 distal segments together, the metatarsus is narrower than the tibia and the tarsus narrower than the metatarsus, each of them being also longer than wide. The tibia of the third leg is terete and much slenderer than the femur. The pedipalps are not spined, the inner surface of the cheliceree is provided with a number of parallel stridulating ribs, and the upper lobe of the rostrum is much shorter than the lower lobe. CHELYPUS BARBERI, Nn. sp. (Fig. 10.) g$. Colour reddish yellow to pale yellow, the cheliceree with a pair of darker marks at the base above, terminal fang and lower finger reddish black at the apex, the cephalothorax with a large, faintly infuscated, oval ring on each side of the tubercle, the latter blackened round the eyes; all the spines and spinules, including the granuliform ones, reddish, the soft silky hairs pale yellowish. -|---Troch.2. Sen Fia. 10.—C. barberi, n. sp.; a, left fourth leg from below; 6, left chelicera from medial side. Pedipalps—Tarsus with a superior, distal, transverse row of 4 stout spines; the metatarsus with several short oblique rows of 2, 3, and 4 stout spines above, below, and on the sides, the inferior South African Arachnida. 225 surface with stout seta in addition ; the tibia with some stout distal spines on the sides and below; the upper surface of the tibia and of the proximal part of the metatarsus densely covered with abbreviated granuliform spinules, Chelicere hairy, the upper surface densely covered with minute pointed spinules. Upper finger furnished internally with several, short, stout spines, the dorsal surface with a small, distal, oval area containing 2 very large, black tubercles; the terminal fang curving downwards, laterally compressed, furnished with a large basal tubercle on the inner side above; inferior surface of finger with a large inner tooth behind the middle and an outer row of 5 small teeth, the distal tooth very remote from the apex. Lower finger strongly upcurved distally, with a moderate-sized tooth in the middle, another similar one behind the middle, and a very minute tooth between these two, the upper edge provided further with a low outer keel and a row of minute inner teeth in front of the other teeth. Flagellum, as in Hexisopus, rotatably attached by a cup-like basal enlargement just above the large inner tooth of the dorsal finger, the shaft at first procurrent, then curving upwards, then backwards, and finally downwards, terminating a little behind the basal cup, the apex bifid, the medial branch short and tooth-like, the lateral branch longer and subulate. Total length 30 mm. Locality.—One g found by Mr. Barber under a bush in British Bechuanaland about 100 miles south of the junction of the Moshowing with the Molopo Rivers. ILS) X.— Description of a new Silwrid Fish of the genus Gephyroglanis, from South Africa.—By G. A. Bounencsr, F.B.S. (Plate XIII.) THE collection of South African fresh-water fishes in the Cape Town Museum, which has been entrusted to me for naming by Mr. Sclater, contains two examples of a Cat-fish from the Vaal River, which pertain to a new species referable to the remarkable genus Gephyroglanis recently established by me for a fish from the Congo, G. congicus,* and to which two species have since been added, viz., G. longipinnis,t likewise from the Congo, and G. ogoensis,{ from the Ogowe. This addition to the family Silwrde, so poorly represented in the fresh waters of South Africa, is of particular interest from the close relationship of the new species, which I propose to name in honour of Mr. W. L. Sclater, to those of the Congo and Ogowe basins. In the following synopsis I have contrasted the characters by which the four species may best be distinguished, and it will be observed that these characters are comparatively slight. I. Maxillary barbel not more than 4 length of head; nasal barbel extremely short; folded dorsal fin not extending to the adipose. Anal with 8 branched rays; adipose fin a little shorter than rayed dorsal; caudal with acutely pointed lobes; occiput feebly granulate .. .. 1. G. congicws, Blgr. Anal with 10 branched rays; adipose fin a little longer than rayed dorsal; caudal with acutely pointed lobes; four longitudinal ridges on the vertex; occiput strongly rugose .. .. .. .. 2. G. ogoensis, Pellegr. * Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. L., p. 42, pl. xx., fig. 2 (1899). + Op. cit., p. 109, pl. xli., fig. 4. t Pellegrin, Bull. Mus., Paris, 1900, p. 179. 20 228 Annals of the South African Museum. Anal with 11 branched rays ; adipose fin longer than rayed dorsal; caudal with obtuse lobes; head smooth Ho ae tap) cot bo. fan ooo So Gh Gh Solara, IB. II. Maxillary barbel 2? length of head; nasal barbel 4 to 4 diameter of eye; folded dorsal reaching adipose, which is shorter; anal with 8 or 9 branched rays; caudal with acutely pointed lobes; vertex and occiput strongly striated and females GS oS a te Cn onan uerets, Ieilkern. GEPHYROGLANIS SCLATERI, Sp. n. Depth of body 52 times in total length, length of head 4 times. Head 14 to 1} as broad as deep, 14 to } as long as broad, perfectly ‘smooth ; snout obtusely conical, 2? length of head; eye, 5 to 54 times in length of head, 1 to 14 in interocular width; occipital process much longer than broad, in contact with the interneural shield, which is triangular and shorter. Nasal barbel very short, barely + diameter of eye; maxillary barbel 2 to $ length of head, outer mandibular 1, inner 1. Mouth, } to 2 width of head; premaxillary band of teeth concentric, nearly 4 times as long as broad. Dorsal 17, 13 to twice as deep as long, not reaching adipose fin when folded; spine strong, smooth, 2 to + length of head; longest soft ray a little shorter than héad. Adipose fin about 3 times as long as deep, shorter than its distance from the dorsal. Anal 16 (11 rays branched). Pectoral spine a little shorter than the dorsal, with 9 to 15 strong teeth on its inner border. Ventral not reaching origin of anal. Caudal bifid, with obtuse lobes, shorter than the head. Caudal peduncle 1+ as long as deep. Muciparous canals expanding into rosettes on the head and produced into raised tubules on the anterior part of the lateral line. Uniform brownish. Two specimens from the Vaal River, the larger measuring 190 millimetres, the smaller 98; of these the larger (Reg. No. 4708) is preserved in the collections of the South African Museum, the smaller has been presented to the British Museum. g doar TIETIM aT 48 9) “L089 4e[Os stueTsoaAydan UME IeU pe yA "PL BPA SHIN GY STUNT (229 ) XI.—On a Further Collection of South African Slugs, with a Check- list of Known Species.—By Watter EH. Conuincs, Lecturer on Zoology and Comparative Anatomy in the University of Bur- ming ham. (Plate XIV.) For the facilities to examine the present interesting collection of South African Slugs, I am indebted to the kindness of Mr. R. M. Lightfoot, of the South African Museum. In a previous paper * I pointed out that probably many new species awaited discovery, and the present collection made by Dr. F. Purcell adds a further species to that interesting genus Apera, Heyn., and also a new species of Oopelta. Mr. Lightfoot has very kindly sent me some notes relating to the natural colours and variation of the different species, which are of much value ; these I have incorporated in the present paper. Famity LIMACID-, Leach. Gen. LIMAX, L. Limax maximus, L. All the specimens are immature, the largest measures 63 mm. and the smallest 44 mm. in length. There are five specimens, and the colouring and markings seem to be subject to very little variation. Externally they remind one very much of some of the Italian forms. I have little doubt but that this is subspecifically distinct from the L. maxinvus, L. Hab. Table Mt., Newlands, F. Purcell and R. Lightfoot, 6982. ‘Found under rocks some distance up Table Mt.” (R. M. L. in litt.). * Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., 1900, vol. ii., pp. 1-8, pls. 1-11. + These figures refer to the registered numbers of the specimens in the South African Museum Collection. mule 230 Annals of the South African Museum. Gren. AMALIA, Mogq.-Tand. AMALIA GAGATES, Drp. Although exhibiting some slight anatomical differences from the European gagates, these are not of sufficient importance to warrant. separation from that species. Like the specimen previously recorded (op. cit. p. 2), these are all dark coloured. ‘‘The common slug on all the mountains round Cape Town” (R. M. L. in litt.). Hab. Cape Town, R. M. Lightfoot, 6983, 6984; Ashton, Robertson Div., I’. Purcell, 6990; Storms Vley, Swellendam Div., F, Purcell, 6991. Faminy TESTACELLIDA,, Gray. Gen. APERA, Heyn. APERA PURCELLI, 0. sp., Plate XIV., figs. 1, 2. Animal limaciform, broader anteriorly than posteriorly, dorsally bluish-black, slightly lighter at the sides. No trace of keels. Radi- ating lines from respiratory orifice plainly marked, the two mid-dorsal ones prominent. Peripodial groove faint. Foot-fringe and foot-sole (in alcohol) whitish-yellow [‘ ferrugineus,” R. M. L. an litt.], not differentiated into median and lateral plains. Ruge large. Length (in alcohol) 25 mm.; breadth of foot-sole, 4 mm. Hab. Table Mt., Cape Town, R. M. Lightfoot, 5642. This is probably an immature specimen, but there can be little doubt of its distinctiveness from A. gibbonsi, W. G. Binn., A. burnupi, K. A. Sm., or A. natalensis, Cllge. I hope further specimens may be obtained in order that the anatomy may be figured and described. Famiry ARIONIDA, Gray. Gen. OOPELTA, Morch. OoPELTA ATERRIMA, Gray. The type of this species is in the British Museum, and through the kindness of Mr. Edgar A. Smith I have recently had an opportunity of examining it. The original label has written on it “ Limax (Arion) allerian, S. Africa.” Later some one has written ‘‘ Girasia”’ (!) and Prof. Cockerell ‘‘ Oopelta ??”’ and “ Arion”’ aterrimus, Gray. A Further Collection of South African Slugs. 231 In the Collection of Slugs in the Zoological Museum of the University of Copenhagen there are exactly similar specimens, excepting in size, from Guinea, labelled O. nigropunctata, Morch. With regard to the specific name, I cannot find that Gray ever published the name allerian ; aterrima must therefore stand. The following description of the type may possibly lead to its rediscovery in South Africa. Arion aterrimus, Gray, Cat. Pulm., 1885, p. 55. “Arion” aterrimus, Gray, Cockerell, Ann. Mag. N.H., 1890, p. 387. Animal entirely black. Body marked by a series of oblique, back- wardly directed furrows 2-2-5 mm. apart. Mantle oval, granulated, particularly so anteriorly, posteriorly produced and bluntly angled. No trace of keel or caudal mucous pore. Peripodial groove distinct. Foot-fringe and foot-sole black, no lineoles or divisions into median and lateral planes. Length (in alcohol), 40 mm.; mantle, 23 mm. ; breadth of foot-sole, 12°5 mm. It is only fair to state that Prof. Cockerell (op. cit., p. 388 *) was the first to suggest that this might possibly belong to Mérch’s genus Oopeilta. OOPELTA FLAVESCENS, Cllge. This is a much more variable species than I originally thought. “The head in some specimens is a bright orange ; these have a narrow yellow line from the dorsal part of the mantle to the tip of the tail. Foot-fringe and foot-sole light yellow, semi-transparent. I notice in these specimens that some of them change in the dark to a dark olive colour” (R. M. L. wm litt.). Hab. Caledon, F. Purcell, 6986; Swellendam, F. Purcell, 6987; Kogman’s Kloof, mountainside, near Ashton, F. Purcell, 6988. OOPELTA GRANULOSA, Cllee. A very fine example measuring in alcohol, 64 mm. long; mantle, 31:5 mm. Hab. Hot Springs, Montague, F. Purcell, 6989. OoPELTA NIGROPUNCTATA, Morch, Plate XIV., figs. 6, 11-12. Judging from the specimens I have examined of this species, the form of the sperm-duct seems subject to much variation. I give a * See also Check-list of the Slugs, 1893, p. 15. 232 Annals of the South African Musewm. further drawing of that in a specimen from Cape Town (plate XIV., figs. 11, lla) and for comparison with O. polypwnctata an internal view, and a figure of the alimentary canal (plate XIV., figs. 6, 12). OOPELTA POLYPUNCTATA, N. SPp., Plate XIV., figs. 3, 4, 7-10. Animal greyish-yellow. Body marked by a series of oblique back- wardly directed furrows 2-2°5 mm. apart. Mantle ovoid, slightly produced anteriorly and posteriorly, spotted with numerous (43-71) black dots, and has a decided greenish tinge. Dorsum flattish, no trace of a keel. Tail flattened and produced backward. Ruge small. Peripodial groove distinct. Foot-fringe and foot-sole yellowish, no lineoles or division into median and lateral planes. Generative orifice a large crescentic-shaped opening. Length (in alcohol) o2 mm.; mantle 19 mm. Hab. Caledon Div., Zonder End, R. EF. Purcell, 6985. After a careful study of a large series of specimens of O. nigro- punctata, Morch, I have been forced to recognise this as a distinct species. Externally it is very like light-coloured specimens of O. mgropunctata, only there are more black dots on the mantle. Internally, however, the form of the generative organs, particularly the sperm-duct, leaves little doubt as to its distinctness. There are also some minor differences in the form of the alimentary canal. Alumentary Canal (plate XIV., fig. 5). The buccal cavity is short and is followed by a short cesophagus, and wide, thin-walled crop, which opens into the somewhat small, almost spherical sac, the stomach, on the left side of which the intestine passes off lying dorsal to the crop. Anteriorly a backward bend throws the intestine to the region of the stomach again ; it then passes forward again as the rectum. Lying over the region of the cesophagus are the salivary glands, which are fused in the mid-dorsal line. Compared with the intestinal tract in O. negropunctata (gate Vs fig. 6) it will be noticed that there are slight differences in the various. regions, and particularly in the shape of the stomach. Generative Organs.—These differ considerably from those in O. nigropunctata. The generative orifice is conspicuous as a wide, crescent-shaped opening leading into a small vestibule, from the right side of which a short, wide tube is given off which leads into the sperm-duct (plate XIV., fig. 7). Viewed externally it is seen to con- sist of two portions, which for purposes of description may be termed the anterior and posterior divisions ; the latter appears asa wide sac, A Further Collection of South African Slugs. 233 with a short, finger-like process, while the former makes a bend ventrally and terminates in a sac-like extremity. To the side of this the large retractor muscle is inserted, and just above the point of insertion of the muscle the vas deferens is given off (plate XIV., figs. 8,3). Internally (plate XIV., fig. 10) the posterior division contains a large, pointed, muscular organ attached to a broad, muscular base, quite unlike anything I have hitherto seen in any species of this genus. The anterior division is partially divided by a prominent muscular ridge (plate XIV., fig. 10, ™m.7.), beyond which the wall has a plicated appearance, due to a series of thick, muscular ridges with intervening thin portions. The retractor muscle is very long, measuring 9mm. The vagina is a long, tubular cavity, considerably longer than in O. mgropwnctata ; on the left side of this the recepta- culum seminis opens, while beyond is a very short free-oviduct (plate XIV., fig. 7, fov.). Apart from the great length of the duct of the hermaphrodite gland, the remaining organs call for no special mention. A dissection of the sperm-duct of O. nigropunctata (plate XIV., fig. 12) shows that there is nothing corresponding to the posterior division of O. polypunctata. There is a thick, muscular ridge, larger than in O. polypunctata, with a smaller one anterior to it (plate XIV., fig. 12). ( 234 ) A CHECK-LIST OF THE SLUGS OF SOUTH AFRICA. LIMACIDAS, Leach, 1820. Limacinz, W. G. Binn., 1864. Limax, L., 1758. 1. L. maximus, L.: Syst. Nat., 12th-ed.,p.108. Hab. Cape Town. 2. L. variegatus, Drp.: Tab. Moll., 1801, p. 103. 3 Hab. Cape Colony, Natal. Amaia, Mogq.-Tand., 1855. 3. A. gagates, Drp.: Hist. Moll. France, 1801, p. 122, pl. ix., fig. 1. | Hab. Cape Colony, Naial. 4, A. capensis, Krauss: Stidafrik. Moll., 1848, p. 73. Hab. Cape Colony. 5. A. ponsonbyt, Clige.: Ann. §. Afr. Mus., 1900, vol. ii., p. 2, pl. ii, figs. 1, 2. Hab. Cape Town. AGriotimax, Morch, 1868. . A. agrestis, L.: Syst. Nat., 12th ed., p. 652. Hab. Cape Town. . A. levis, O. F. Mill.: Verm. Hist., 1774, vol. ii., p. 1. Hab. Cape Town. ID UROCYCLIDA, Simr., 1895. Urocycuus, Gray, 1864. 8. U. kraussianus, Heyn.: (Limax ? sp. Krauss, Siidafrik. Moll., 1848, p. 73); Heyn.: Malak. Blatt., 1862, Bd. ix., p. 217; Jahrb. Deutsch. Malak. Gesell., 1885, p. 293. Hab. Cape Colony. 9. U. kirkw, Gray: Proc. Zool. Soc., 1864, p. 251. Hab. Natal. 10. U. flavescens, Kfst.: Malak. Blatt., 1866, p. 70, T. ii., figs. 1-8. Hab. Natal. 11. U. pallescens, Ckll.: Ann. Mag. N.H., 1891 (6 ser:), vol. viii., p- LOL. Hab. Natal. 12. U. fasciatus, v. Marts. : TESTACELLIDA, Gray, 1833. TESTACELLA, Cuv., 1800. 13. 7. aurigaster, Layard. APERA, Heyn. 14. A. gibbonst, W. G. Binn.: Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl. Harvard, 1879, vol. v., p. 331; Heyn.: Jahrb. Deutsch. Malak. Gesell., Iketsis), 18h, Salil; JO LE, AN. wh, WIS, DV Hab. Natal. A Check-List of the Slugs of South Africa. 235 15. A. burnupi, HE. A.Sm.: Ann. Mag. N. H., 1892 (Ser.16) i violex., p34 OO Clice Ss ibid 89" (Ser. 6) vOlkexx, qo. 2215 pl. v. : Journ. of Malac., 1901, vol. viii., p. 71, fig. 1. Hab. Natal. 16. A. natalensis, Clige.: Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., 1900, vol. ii., p. 3, pl.i., figs. 3-4. Hab. Natal. 17. A. purcelli, Clige.: Ante p. 230. Hab. Cape Town. ARIONIDA, Gray, 1840. OoPELTIN”, Ckll., 1891. OorettTa, Morch. 18. O. aterrima, Gray: Catal. Pulm., 1855, p. 55; Ckll.: Ann. Mag. N. H., 1890 (ser. 6), vol. vi., p. 387. Hab. South Afriea. 19. O. migropunctata, Morch: Heyn.: Malak. Blatt., 1867, Bd. xiv., p. 191, T. 2, figs. 1-2; Clige.: Ann. S. Afr. Mus., 1900, vol. ii., p. 5, pl. i., figs. 7-8, pl. ii., fig. 16. Hab. Cape Colony. 20. O. flavescens, Clige.: Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., 1900, vol. ii., p. 6, pl. i., figs. 9-10. Hab. Cape Colony. 21. O. granulosa, Clige.: Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., 1900, vol. ii., p. 6, pl.i., figs. 11-12. Hab. Cape Colony. 22. O. polypunctata, Clige. Ante p. 232. ARIONINE, W. G. Binn., 1864. Arion, Fér., 1819. 23. A. fuscus, O. F. Mill.: Verm. Hist., 1774, vol. ii., p. 11. Hab. Cape Town. VERONICELLIDA, Gray, 1840. VERONICELLA, Blainv., 24. V. maura, Heyn.: Jahrb. Deutsch. Malak. Gesell., 1885, iDde eat.) pa 6) els 1, est 6=7. Hab. Delagoa Bay. 25. V. natalensis, Rapp.: Krauss: Siidafrik. Moll., 1848, p. 73. Hab. Natal. 26. U. petersi, v. Marts.: Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wissensch., 1880, p. 736. Hab. Inhambane. 27. U. saxicola, Ckll.: Conchologist, 1893, vol. ii., p. 216. Hab. Port Elizabeth. ONCHIDIIDA, Gray, 1824. Oncuipium, Buchan., (Em. Plate, 1893). 28. O. perom, Cuv.: Ann. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1804, vol. v., p. 38, pl. vi. Hab. Cape Colony. Oopelta polypunctata, n. sp., view from the right side. X1. 99 99 9 (236 ) EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIV. Apera purcelli, n. sp., view from the right side. X2. dorsal view. X2. ,, dorsal view. XI. ,, alimentary canal. 6. Oopelta ignopinctatar Mérch, alimentary canal. 7. Oopelta polypunctata, n. sp., generative organs. © © 10. 11-lla. 12. 99 ” 99 be) 99 dorsal view of sperm-duct, enlarged. 99 Hh ventral view of same, enlarged. ,, sperm-duct dissected to show internal structure. X4. Oopelta cnfigmapoemnctiatial, i Mérch, sperm-duct. 99 29 = sperm-duct dissected to show internal structure. X38. REFERENCE LETTERS. alb. gl. Albumen gland. b. c. Buccal cavity. cr. Crop. f. ov. Free-oviduct. h. d. Hermaphrodite duct. h. gl. Hermaphrodite gland. ce. CHsophagus. int. Intestine. m.r. Muscular ridge. ov. Oviduct. pr. Prostate. ry. m. Retractor muscle. s. d. Salivary duct. s. gl. Salivary gland. st. Stomach. v. Vestibule. vg. Vagina. SUN, Ann. GS Atr Mus. Vol. ite PL SG P-sp.d. Toe * ganmest ey Figs 54,1012 FUP del. ad nat. West,Newmar. chromo Figs 5-9,TL WE.C, delad nat. South African Slugs. ( 237 ) XII.—Bhynchotal Miscellanea—By W. L. Distant. PLATE XY. Part I.—AFRICAN FINGIDIDA. In recently studying the African Tingidide, I was under the greatest obligation to Dr. Yngve Sjostedt, of the Stockholm Museum, for lending me typical specimens of Stal’s African species. Nearly all of these are here figured, and with one exception, so far as I am aware, they, with the new species and genus here described, constitute the first illustrations of Ethiopian Tingidide. However carefully these small insects may be described, it is almost impossible to recognise them specifically—if not generically—without the aid of a good figure. I have also enumerated all the species known to me which have been described from Africa. I have not included Madagascar, nor the other African islands. It is greatly to be desired that entomologists in all parts of Africa would pay some attention to these interesting insects. Lethierry and Séverin in their Catalogue published in 1896 enume- rated 335 species for the whole world. Since then Mr. Champion, who collected in Central America, has for that region alone enume- rated seventy-eight species, of which sixty-six were previously undescribed, and required the proposal of seven new genera. This will give some idea of what may be done in Africa, where at present I can now only refer to twenty-six species distributed in twelve genera. Faminy TINGIDIDA. Sus-Fammny PIESMINZ. PIESMA DiLuTA (Pl. XV., fig. 1). Zosmerus dilutus, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh., 1855, loos dae deleran. Afr, ili. p. 26. 1 (1865). Piesma diluta, Stal, En. Hem. ii. p. 115 (1878). Hab. “ Caffraria’”’ (Stockholm Mus.). 22 238 Annals of the South African Musewm. Sus-Famiry TINGIDIN ZZ. CANTACADER TENUIPES (Pl. XV., fig. 2). Cantacader tenwipes, Stal, Hem. Afr. ili. p. 26 (1865); En. Hem. il. p. 116 (1873). Hab. Sierra Leone (Stockholm Mus.). CANTACADER AFZELII (Pl. XV., fig. 3). Cantacader Afzelu, Stal, En. Hem. i. p. 116 (1878). Hab. Sierra Leone (Stockholm Mus.). CANTACADER ATTENUATUS, Sp. n. Pale brownish ochraceous ; apical joint of the antenne and apices of the tarsi fuscous; eyes, and a small lateral marginal spot at about middle of hemelytra, black; head very obsoletely punctate ; pronotum coarsely punctate, strongly tricarinate, the lateral margins carinately elevated, the arcuate transverse carina also equally well developed ; hemelytra thickly reticulate, discoidal area about as wide as the subcostal area, well defined by marginal carination. Long. 4 mm. ; max. lat. abdom. 2 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (Coll. Dist.). PHATNOMA ZTHIOPS, sp. n. (Pl. XV., fig. 12). Pale brownish ochraceous ; head, central disk of pronotum and some small lateral marginal spots, a spot at base of scutellum, a very irregular transverse fascia to hemelytra crossing the discoidal area before centre, and some minute subapical spots to same, some transverse spots to costal area, and small spots to sutural area, dark fuscous ; femora fuscous above; antennz mutilated in type. Pro- notum moderately amplated and reflexed, rounded posteriorly, the anterior angles minutely spinous, the disk punctate and tricarinate ; hemelytra broad, ovate, their lateral margins regularly convex, discoidal area much wider than subcostal, separated by a sharply raised carina. Long. 3 mm. ; max. lat., about 1$ mm. Hab. Cape Colony (8. Afr. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). PHATNOMA TESTACEA, sp. n (Pl. XV., fig 13). Very pale ochraceous; head, different carine, and the femora brownish ochraceous; pronotum with the lateral margins less dilated and much more oblique than in P. @thiops, the disk punctate Lthynchotal Miscellanea. 239 and tricarinate: hemelytra with the discoidal area narrower and the costal area broader than in that species, discoidal area crossed by two very distinct transverse carine. Long. 24-3 mm.; max. lat. 14-12 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (S. Afr. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). PHATNOMA HUMERALIS, sp. n. (Pl. XV., fig. 14.). Ochraceous with a strong purplish tinge ; head and central disk of pronotum fuscous ; costal and subcostal membranes, subhyaline, with fuscous cellular markings ; pronotum with the lateral areas and angles pale ochraceous, the last strongly and angularly produced, their apices terminating in three acute spines, disk punctate and tricarinate ; hemelytra broadly rounded, the discoidal area being much broader than the subcostal, and irregularly transversely and longitudinally carinate. Long. 34 mm. ; max. lat. 24 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (8. Afr. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). PHATNOMA OBESA, sp. n. (PI. XV., fig. 16). Pale brownish-ochraceous, lateral discal areas of pronotum, and subcostal areas of hemelytra pale hyaline minutely speckled with pale fuscous; a distinct transverse black fascia on anterior area of pronotum, the lateral margins of which are very strongly re- curved upward, convexly rounded, their edges broadly recurved, disk strongly punctate and tricarinate, anterior margin truncate, lateral margins of the hemelytra upwardly recurved, moderately convex, discoidal area about as broad as the costal and subcostal areas together, irregularly transversely and longitudinally carinate. Long. 3 mm.; max. lat. 14 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (Coll. Dist.). CNEMIANDRUS, gen. nov. Rostrum reaching or slightly passing the posterior cox ; rostral groove parallel and reaching the posterior coxe ; antennz short, moderately slender, fourth joint a little longest and incrassated ; head subtriangular, convex above, apex with two very obscure short obtuse spines, and a short spinous tubercle on each lateral margin near apex; pronotum with the posterior disk and the anterior marginal area gibbous, between which the surface is distinctly foveate, the base truncate, the lateral margins concavely sinuate, the 240 Annals of the South African Musewm. lateral angles broadly rounded, the disk distinctly tricarinate, with a. fainter and much more obscure carination on each lateral area; hemelytra opaque, closely and finely reticulate, with a well-defined clavus, and sutural, discoidal, subcostal and costal areas, the discoidal area well defined by a raised carina, the discoidal and subcostal areas with a few raised transverse lines, much more dis- tinct on the subcostal area; legs somewhat short, femora slightly thickened. CNEMIANDRUS TYPICUS, sp. n. (Pl. XV., fig. 18). Dull pale ochraceous, opaque, the sutural area paler; apical joint of antenne and the tarsi subpiceous; head and pronotum coarsely punctate, antennee with the second and third joints sub- equal in length, fourth slightly longest, thickened and fusiform ;. other structural characters as detailed in generic diagnosis. Long. 24-3 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (S. Afr. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). CERATINODERMA FORNICATA (PI. XV., fig. 4). Ceratinoderma fornicata, Stal, En. Hem. in. p. 117 (1878). Hab. Caffraria (Stockholm Mus.). Genus LEPTOSTYLA. Leptostyla, Stal, En. Hem. ii. pp. 120, 125 (1873); Champ. Biol. Centr. Amer. Rhynch. ii. p. 11. (1897). Although this somewhat extensive genus has hitherto been con- sidered an exclusively American one, I have little hesitation in including this African species, taking Mr. Champion’s amplified generic characters (swpra), especially as regards the size of the pronotal hood, which in the species described below exhibits the maximum of development, LEPTOSTYLA NATALICOLA, sp. n. (Pl. XV., fig. 15). Moderately elongate, broad, pale hyaline; head, disk, posterior area and lateral margins of pronotum, sutural area and an oblique subapical fascia to the hemelytra umber-brown ; antennze ochraceous, slightly fuscous at apices ; venation of the hemelytra pale brownish, sutural area with an elongate excavate blackish spot. Head with three long and acutely pointed spines—one median and two lateral ; antennee with the first joint about twice as long as second ; pronotal Ehynchotal Miscellanea. 241 margins very broadly produced upwardly and forwardly, their apices convexly rounded; hemelytra gradually widening from the base where their margins are obliquely convex, their apices broad and angularly rounded. Long. 44 mm.; max. lat. 25 mm. Hab. Pt. Natal (Gueinzius—Brit. Mus.). CoPIUM GLABRICORNE. Copium glabricorne, Montand. Revue d’Entom. xi. p. 267 (1892). Hab. Mozambique. PHYLLONTOCHILA ALATICOLLIS (Pl. XV., fig. 5). Phyllontocheila alaticollis, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh., 1885, p. 37, 2. Monanthia (Phyllontochila) alaticollis, Stal, Hem. Afr. ili. p. 27 (1865). Phyllontochila alaticollis, Stal, En. Hem. ii. p. 128 (1873). Hab. Catfraria (Stockholm Mus.). PHYLLONTOCHILA WAHLBERG. Phyllontocheila wahlbergi, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Foérh., 1855, p. 37, 1. Monanthia (Phyllontochila) wahlbergi, Stal, Hem. Afr. iti. p. 27 (1865). Phyllontochila wahlbergu, Stal, En. Hem. iii. p. 128 (1873). Hab. Caffraria (Stockholm Mus.). PHYLLONTOCHILA DILATATA. Tingis dilatata, Guér, Mag. Zool., 1831. Hab. West Africa; Rhodesia. PHYLLONTOCHILA MAYRI. Phyllontochila mayri, Hagl., Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh., 1895, p. 471. Hab. W. Africa; Cameroons. PHYLLONTOCHILA CAFER, sp. n. (Pl. XV., fig. 17). Somewhat greyishly fuscous, lateral margins of pronotum and hemelytra pale hyaline, more or less spotted and marked with fuscous; antennze pale ochraceous, moderately pilose, first and second joints brownish, apical jot dark fuscous ; pronotum with the disk dark fuscous, the tricarination and the hood pale ochraceous, the lateral margins laminately dilated and convex, broadest 242 Annals of the South African Museum. anteriorly ; hemelytra closely reticulate, discoidal area much broader than the subcostal area; body beneath fuscous ; legs ochraceous. Long. 3 mm.; max. lat. 2 mm. Hab. Cape Colony (8S. Afr. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). LASIACANTHA ODONTOSOMA (PI. XV., fig. 6). Tingis (Lasiacantha) odontosoma, Stal, Hn. Hem. i. p. 130 (1873). Hab. Sierra Leone (Stockholm Mus.). ELASMOGNATHUS FIEBERI (Pl. XV., fig. 7). Elasmognathus fiebert, Stal, Ofy. Vet.-Ak. Férh., 1855, [de Bo, Is En. Hem. iii. p. 129 (1873). Monanthia (Elasmognathus) fieberi, Stal, Hem. Afr. iil. p. 29, 7 (1865). Hab. Caffraria (Stockholm Mus.). CYsTEOCHILA CAFFRA (Pl. XV., fig. 8). Cysteochila caffra, Stal, En. Hem. iii. p. 129 (1873). Hab. Caffraria (Stockholm Mus.). CYSTEOCHILA SORDIDA. Monanthia (Physatocheila) sordida, Stal, Freg. Eug. resa, Ins. Hem. p. 259, 109 (1859). Monanthia (Physatochila) sordida, Stal, Hem. Afr. i. p. 29, 6 (1865). Cysteochila sordida, Stal, En. Hem. ii. p. 129 (1873). Hab. Cape Good Hope (Stockholm Mus.). MoNANTHIA ORNATELLA (Pl. XV., fig. 9). Tropidocheila ornatella, Stal, Ofy. Vet.-Ak. Férh., 1855, [Os By Ik Monanthia (Physatochila) ornatella, Stal, Hem. Afr. ii. p. 28, 3 (1865). Monanthia (Compseuta) ornatella, Stal, En. Hem. ili. p. 133 (1873). Hab. Caffraria (Stockholm Mus.). MonANTHIA NATALENSIS (Pl. XV., fig. 10). Physatocheila natalensis, Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh., 1855, p. 38, 1. Monanthia (Physatochila) natalensis, Stal, Hem. Afr. ii. p. 28, 4 (1865). Ehynchotal Miscellanea. 243 Monanthia (Compseuta) natalensis, Stal, En. Hem. iii. p. 133 (1873). Hab. Caftraria (Stockholm Mus.). MOoNANTHIA FEMORALIS. Monanthia (Compseuta) femoralis, Stal, Kn. Hem. iii. p. 133 (1873). Hab. Caffraria (Stockholm Mus.). MoNANTHIA CAPENSIS. Piesma capensis, Walk. Cat. Het. vii. p. 6, 12 (1878). MOoNANTHIA PICTURATA, sp. n. (Pl. XV., fig. 11). Greyish; mottled with fuscous; antennz and legs ochraceous, apical joints of the antenne and the tarsi black; hemelytra with a black basal line and a lineate black subapical spot at outer margin of discoidal area, the inner margin of this area also defined by the same colour; costal area pellucid marked with transverse black lines; margins of the sutural area narrowly black. Antenne a little shorter than the body; first and second joints subequal in length ; pronotum posteriorly dilated; hemelytra distinctly ampliated from base to beyond middle, and then moderately narrowed to apex which is rounded. Long. 34 mm. Hab. Cape Colony; Stellenbosch. (Peringuey—Coll. S. Afr. Mus.) 244 Annals of the South African Museum. JPN JUL SestVONClslOMIe, TaevOWE WMETe, GMeveUN(S Weel, MASHONALAND, AND BRITISH NYASALAND. In the ‘Annals and Magazine of Natural History’ (Ser. 7, vol. i. pp. 294-815 (1898), I gave an enumeration of the species belonging to the Family Penratomipm, which I had collected and acquired in the Transvaal; of those collected by Mr. Guy A. K. Marshall, near Salisbury, Mashonaland; and others received from Dr. Percy Rendall in Nyasaland. I now continue the enumeration of similar material belonging to the Family CornIpm. HETEROPTERA FROM THE TRANSVAAL. | Famity COREID-A. Sup-Faminry COREINA. Division MICTARIA. Holopterna alata, Westw. Pretoria (W. L. D.); Barberton (Rendall); Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). Anoplocnemis curvipes, Fabr. Pretoria (W. L. D.); Barberton (Rendall) ; Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). 53 montandom, Dist. Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). As annulicormis, Germ. Waterberg District, Warm Baths (W. L. D.); Pretoria (W. L. D.). 5 caffra, Stal. Lydenburg Distr. (Coll. Dist. and Pret. Mus.). PA apiwalis, Germ. Pretoria (W. L. D.); Barberton (Rendall). ¥ dallasianus, Leth. and Sey. Krugersdorp. (Brit. Mus.). F pagana, Dall. Krugersdorp (Coll. Dist.). Division PETASCELARIA. Petillia mormo, Stal. Barberton. Petascelis remipes, Sign. Pretoria (W. L. D.); Barberton (Rendall). Carlisis wahlbergi, Stal. Lydenburg Distr. Rhynchotal Miscellanea. 245 Division’ DALADERARIA. Elasmogaster africanus, Dall. Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). Division HOMOEOCERARIA. Homoeocerus magnicornis, Burm. Pretoria (W. L. D.); Barberton (Rendall) ; Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.) .; auriculatus, Stil. Pretoria (W. L. D.) ; Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). a annulatus, Thunb. Pretoria (W. L. D.); Barberton (Rendall) ; Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). 33 nigricornis, Germ. Transvaal (no exact local_—Coll. Dist.). - plagiatus, Germ. Barberton (Rendall); Pretoria (W. L. D.); Johannesburg (A. Ross) ; Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). : wealet, Dist. Barberton (Rendall). 3 perpolitus, sp.n. Barberton (Rendall). B scutellatus, sp.n. Lydenburg Distr. (Coll. Dist. and Pret. Mus.). 3 discolor, Stal. Lydenburg Distr. (Coll. Dist. and Pret. Mus.). Division LATIMBARIA. Latimbus punctatus, Dall. Pretoria (W. L. D.). Division ANISOSCELARIA. Leptoglossus membranaceus, Fabr. Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). Division PHYSOMERARIA. Rhyticoris terminalis, Burm. Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). Acanthocoris fasciculatus, Fabr. Barberton (Rendall). 3) lugens, Stal. Pretoria (W. L. D.). 9) scrofa, Germ. Pretoria (Pret. Mus.); Zoutpansberg (Kaesner). Petalocnemis apicalis, Dall. Pretoria (Pret. Mus.). Choerommatus indutus, Stal. Tuydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). 246 Annals of the South African Museum. Division PENDULINARIA. Pendulinus hasticornis, Thunb. Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus.). 5 fimbriatus, sp. n. Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). Division GONOCERARIA. Plinacthus pungens, Thunb. Pretoria (W. L. D.). 5 falcatus, Dist. Pretoria (W. L. D.). Cletus varius, Dall. Pretoria (W. L. D.). », pusillus, Dall. Pretoria (W. L. D.). , ochraceus, H. 8. Pretoria (W. L. D.); Barberton (Rendall) ; Zoutpansberg (Kaesner). Sup-Faminry PSEUDOPHLOEINZ. Acanthonua natalensis, Stal. Klerksdorp (Coll. Dist.) ; Lydenburg Distr. (Coll. Dist. and Pret. Mus.). Brotheus viridis, gen. and sp. n. Pretoria (W. L. D.). Sus-Faminy ALYDIN/A. Division STENOCEPHALARIA. Stenocephalus testaceus, Stal. Pretoria (Coll. Dist. and Pret. Mus.). Division ALYDARIA. Euthetus leucopecilus, Stal. Barberton (Rendall). HoMOEOCERUS PERPOLITUS, Sp. 0. Head, antenne, pronotum, rostrum, body beneath and legs pale ochraceous ; basal margin of pronotum, scutellum, and corium, pur- plish brown; anterior lateral margins of the corium, and the connexivum pale ochraceous; anterior lateral margins of the pronotum black; lateral margins of the head blackly punctate ; eyes castaneous; membrane bronzy. Antenne incrassate, basal joint thickest and a little shorter than second, and about equal in length to third joint, fourth joint shortest and attenuated at each end; pronotum with an indistinct fascia of dark punctures at anterior margin, and with the basal dark margin thickly and dis- Ethynchotal Miscellanea. 247 tinctly punctate; scutellum and corium thickly and distinctly punctate, the lateral margins of the corium levigate; rostrum extending to between the anterior and intermediate coxe, its apex black. Lateral pronotal angles prominent, apices broadly subacute. Long. 15 mm.; exp. pronot. angl. 5 mm. Hab. Transvaal ; Barberton (Rendall). HoMoEOCERUS SCUTELLATUS, Sp. n. Body above and beneath and legs, ochraceous ; antennez, base of pronotum, corium—excluding lateral and apical margins, the last broad—and the tarsi purplish brown; fourth joint of antenne, apex of third joint, and anterior lateral margins of pronotum piceous ; scutellum very pale ochraceous; membrane bronzy ; abdomen beneath with an obscure lateral fascia on each side, furrowed on the fourth, fifth, and sixth segments, and outwardly margined by two small black spots on the second and third segments. Antenne incrassated, basal joint thickest and shorter than either second or third joints, second longer than third, fourth shortest ; head, pro- notum, and corium thickly and finely punctate; scutellum trans- versely wrinkled and punctate; lateral and apical margins of the corium impunctate ; rostrum almost reaching the intermediate coxe. Lateral pronotal angles prominent, broadly subacute, and distinctly upwardly reflexed. Long. 17 mm. ; exp. pronot. angl. 6 mm. Hab. Transvaal; Lydenburg Dist. (Pret. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). PENDULINUS FIMBRIATUS, sp. 0. Above dark brownish ochraceous; corium with about two-thirds of the lateral margin from base and lateral margins of pronotum—very narrowly—dark olivaceous green; membrane bronzy black; con- nexivum castaneous ; antennz castaneous, the apical joint brownish ochraceous; body beneath and rostrum very pale ochraceous ; rostrum with a central piceous line; legs brownish ochraceous. Antenne with the first, second, and third joints almost subequal in length, third slightly longest, fourth shortest and palest at base ; pronotum and scutellum thickly and distinctly punctate, corium and head more finely punctate; rostrum passing the intermediate coxee ; sternum very distinctly, and abdomen very obscurely punc- tate ; lateral angles of the pronotum rounded, subprominent. Long. 20 mm.; exp. pronot. angl. 6 mm. Hab. Transvaal; Lydenburg Distr. (Pret. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). 248 Annals of the South African Museum. BROTHEUS, gen. nov. Body moderately elongate; head robust, broad, a little swollen between the eyes, ocelli placed a little behind eyes and about ds far apart from them as from each other; a distinct, slender, somewhat outwardly directed spine on each side before base of antenne ; antenne robust, basal joint stoutly incrassate throughout, prominently and coarsely hirsute on both sides, about as long as the head, remaining joints more slender, second slightly longer than the third, fourth short and cylindrical; eyes less remote from base than from apex, nonprominent and somewhat adpressed ; pronotum with the anterior area deflected, the later margins concayely sinuate, the lateral angles prominent or prominently spinous; scutellum moderately small and triangular, corium a little longer than the membrane which has mostly longitudinal veins; rostrum inserted below the apex of the head and just passing the intermediate cox ; third joint longest ; mesosternum with a central sulcation ; legs normal, femora moderately thickened. BROTHEUS VIRIDIS, sp. n. Pale greenish; head, anterior area of pronotum, and suffusions to body beneath, sometimes the whole of mesonotum—and legs, greenish ochraceous ; apical joint of the antenne and lateral angles of the pronotum, pale sanguineous; corium with a pale spot on the apical margin; membrane pale hyaline. Above thickly punctate ; pronotum with a subobsolete central levigate line, lateral angles variable, generally moderately prominent and obtusely angulated, slightly directed upwardly—in one specimen the apices are distinctly acutely spinous ; body beneath thickly but more obscurely punctate than above. Long. 9-10 mm. Hab. Transvaal: Pretoria (W. L. D.). HETEROPTERA FROM MASHONALAND. Faminy COREIDA. Susp-Famity COREIN A. Division MICTARIA. Anoplocnenis curvipes, Fabr. Salisbury. f montandont, Dist. Salisbury. Ehynchotal Miscellanea. 249 Anoplocnemis tomento-virgata, Stal. Salisbury. m apicalis, Germ. Salisbury. Division PETASCELARIA. Petascelis renupes, Sign. Salisbury. Carlisis wahlbergi, Stal. Salisbury. Division HOMOEOCERARIA. Homoeocerus auriculatus, Stal. Umftuli River. % bicolor, Germ. Salisbury. Divison PHYSOMERARIA. Acanthocoris fasciculatus, Fabr. Salisbury. Division GONOCERARIA. Cletus, varws, Dall. Salisbury. » decoratus, sp.n. Salisbury. Susp-Faminy ALYDIN ZA. Huthetus iumbatus, sp.n. Umfuli River. ‘3 stigmosus, sp.n. Salisbury. CLETUS DECORATUS, sp. n. Brownish ochraceous, thickly and darkly punctate; a central line continued through head and pronotum to a central slightly curved fascia between the lateral angles, lateral margins of head and pronotum, posterior pronotal lateral margins, lateral margins, apex, and a central fascia to scutellum, lateral margins—excluding apex, apical margins, and veins to corium, ochraceous ; membrane pale fuliginous; body beneath and legs brownish ochraceous, disk of abdomen and the femora minutely spotted with black; two obscure dark fasciz traversing the lateral areas of sternum and abdomen ; antenne brownish ochraceous, second joint longest, third and fourth joints almost subequal in length. Long. 10-12 mm.; exp. pronot. angl. 44-5 mm. Hab. Mashonaland: Salisbury (G. A. K. Marshall). 250 Annals of the South African Museum. HUTHETUS LIMBATUS, sp. n. Black; lateral margins of corium broadly ochraceous; body beneath black; a spot on lateral margins of head behind eyes, a spot near intermediate coxee, some spots at base of lateral margins of abdomen and a large oblique spot on third abdominal segment reddish ochraceous; anterior margin of prosternum, coxe, and posterior angles and margin of metasternum, ochraceous; legs brownish ochraceous, apices of femora black preceded by a reddish- ochraceous annulation ; antennze ochraceous, apices of the first and second joints, and the whole of the third and fourth joints—ex- cluding bases—piceous. Body above distinctly punctate, the lateral margins of the corium obscurely punctate ; second joint of antennz short, apical joint longest. Long. 10 mm. Hab. Mashonaland: Umfuli River (G. A. K. Marshall). EUTHETUS STIGMOSUS, sp. n. Head, anterior margin of pronotum, rostrum, body beneath, and legs, black ; pronotum brownish ochraceous, its posterior-lateral and posterior margins luteous, and with a dark central longitudinal fascia ; scutellum black, its apex luteous; corium ochraceous with a distinct cell near inner angle; membrane pale bronzy; a broad fascia commencing at apex of head and continued through lateral areas of head and sternum, posterior angles and posterior margin of metasternum, angulated lateral margins of abdomen—not extending to apex—an oblique spot to third abdominal segment, and the posterior cox luteous; antenne piceous, the bases of second and fourth joints pale brownish; femora with a pale narrow subapical annulation. Long. 11 mm. Hab. Mashonaland: Salisbury (G. A. K. Marshall). HETEROPTERA FROM BRITISH NYASALAND. Faminty COREIDA. Sus-Faminy COREINA. Division MICTARIA. Phyllogoma limosa, Walk. Fort Johnston. Cossutia flaveola, Dru. Zomba. Rhynchotal Miscellanea. 251 Cossutia stali, Sign. Zomba. Anoplocnemis curvipes, Fabr. Fort Johnston and Zomba. Division PETASCELARIA. Petascelis remipes, Sign. Zomba. Division DALADERARIA. Dalader africanus, Dall. Fort Johnston. Division PHYSOMERARIA. Acanthocoris granosus, Stal. Fort Johnston and Zomba. Division GONOCERARIA. Cletus capensis, Westw. Fort Johnston. , ochraceous, H. 8. Fort Johnston. 252 Annals of the South African Musewn. Part III.—DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW SPECIES FROM VARIOUS LOCALITIES. Famity PENTATOMIDA. SEVERINIELLA CAMERONI, sp. N. Luteous, irregularly darkly punctate, the punctures black on head and pronotum, castaneous on scutellum; lateral marginal areas of the pronotum luteous, sparingly punctate; scutellum very indis- tinctly rugulose, the surface interspersed with levigate, luteous rugulosities ; sternum piceous, opaque, lateral areas of prosternum, lateral margins of meso- and metasterna, coxe, and legs, luteous; apices of femora and bases of tibie narrowly piceous; abdomen brownish ochraceous, the lateral areas a little paler beyond the stigmata; ocelli black. 3. Head from base to apex of anterior process very slightly longer than scutellum, the prolonged cephalic process biangulate at apex, the angles subacute, their margins almost obliquely straight. 2. Head broad, shorter than pronotum, prominently cleft between the apices of the central lobes, obliquely straight for about half the length from eyes, and then obliquely truncate to apex. Ibo, @ lis, 2 IM; waren, 5 maepx, lei, g IO, 2 S) iavaa, Hab. British Nyasaland; Zomba (K. I. Cameron). Allied to the West African S. haasi, Montand., from which it differs by the shorter cephalic process in the 3g, with its apex not concave, but angulate; lateral margins of pronotum less angulately produced, &e. DipLoxys WATERBERGENSIS, Sp. 0. Head ochraceous, central area brownish and punctate, lateral margins impunctate, extreme edge fuscous; antenne reddish ochraceous, fourth and fifth jomts black, base of fourth joint reddish ochraceous; pronotum ochraceous, very coarsely punctate, anterior marginal area more finely punctate, lateral angles acutely and laterally produced somewhat reddish, their apices black; scutellum ochraceous, basal area and central margins coarsely blackly punctate, Ehynchotal Miscellanea. 253 an elongate ochraceous levigate spot in each basal angle, a very small black spot at apex; corium ochraceous blackly punctate, basal lateral margins levigate ochraceous ; connexivum ochraceous, apical angles black; membrane fuliginous; body beneath and _ legs ochraceous, body darkly punctate, a fasciate series of dark punctures on each lateral area of the abdomen, stigmata black. Long. 10 mm.; exp. pronot. angl. 6 mm. Hab. Transvaal; Waterberg Distr. (Pret. Mus. and Coll. Dist.). Allied to D. thoracica, Dist., but differing by the straight, not forwardly directed pronotal angles, the impunctate apical area of the scutellum, &c. Famity COREIDA. HOMOEOCERUS DELAGOA, sp. n. Ochraceous ; antennee brownish ochraceous ; base of pronotum, the scutellum and corium obscurely greenish ; membrane bronzy ; tarsi brown; antennz moderately thickened, first joint stoutest and almost as long as the second, third a little longer than the fourth ; head and pronotum obscurely punctate, the last with its basal area more distinctly punctate, the lateral angles prominently and somewhat acutely produced ; scutellum punctate with a distinct fovea near each basal angle; corium thickly punctate, its lateral margin impunctate and a little paler in hue; sternum very coarsely punctate, abdomen finely punctate; stigmata piceous; rostrum not reaching the intermediate coxe. Long. @ 20 mm.; exp. pronot. angl. 7 mm. Hab. Delagoa Bay (Junod). HUTHETUS PALLESCENS, sp. n. Body above pale brownish ochraceous ; pronotum with a distinct central darker longitudinal line; apex of scutellum ochraceous ; corium with a distinct cell near inner angle ; body beneath black ; _ lateral margins of head beneath reddish ochraceous; posterior angles of prosternum brownish ; intermediate and posterior cox, posterior margins of metasternum, lateral abdominal spots, and an oblique spot on third abdominal segment, luteous ; antenne piceous, bases of second, third, and fourth joints ochraceous ; legs brownish ; femora with a pale subapical annulation. Long. 10 mm. Hab. Mozambique: Rikatla (Junod). 23 254 Annals of the South African Museum. Faminy REDUVIID-E. CALLILESTES BICOLOR, sp. N. Black ; base of head, pronotum, scutellum, basal and apical angles of corium, body beneath and legs sanguineous ; tarsi, and apices of intermediate and posterior tibiz, black; membrane with the margins pale fuliginous. Var. Central suleation to pronotum, black. Femora strongly nodulose ; corium thickly, finely, but obsoletely punctate; scutellum carinately elevated, distinctly foveate near base. Long. inel. membr. 14 mm. Hab, Transvaal; Pienaars River (W. ui. D.); Mashonaland ; Umfuli River (G. A. K. Marshall). TL ORV Amn. S.Afr Mus. Vol. 2. st Newman ‘imp ‘We: Horace Knight ad nat.dith African Tingidide. ( 255 ) wae XI.—The Moths of South Africa (Part II.).—By Sir G. F. Hampson, IB Weng Bothon 1a inston SG. Tue first part of the classification of the Moths of South Africa appeared in the Annals of the South African Museum, Vol. IL., pp. 3853-66, and contained a classification of the familiar Syntomide, Arctiade, and Agaristide, whilst the present part deals with the whole of the large family Noctuide. An (*) indicates that the species is not in the British Museum. NOCTUID-. Key to the Sub-Families. A. Maxillary palpi absent. a. Hindwing with vein 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars. © a’. Mid and hind tibiz spined oo 08 bo oo” 60 ca Alamo: bl. Mid and hind tibiew not spined. GA, Ways Nga, = 66 og ek oe a 68 oo ao 00g) Wimax b2, Eyes not hairy. a®. Kyes with long overhanging cilia of ‘ad oo Jeoliand o3> Hiyesmotietiiatediear 2. 0 2. 44 es ae Caradrinine: b. Hindwing with vein 5 well developed. a, Hindwing with vein 5 more or less approximated to 4 at base. a. Frenulum of female simple. a, Abdomen with lateral anal pencils ofhair.. .. Huteliane. b3. Abdomen without anal pencils of hair; forewing with tufts of raised scalesincell.. .. .. .. Stictopterine. b2, Frenulum of female multiple. a®. Retinaculum of male bar-shaped. at, Forewing with tufts of raised scales in cell Sarrothripine. bt. Forewing without tufts of raised scales in cell 0, 0b om Soe mo boo 1a6, Shot aan Aucoin 63. Retinaculum of male not bar-shaped. a‘. Mid tibize spined ta) sen) es eeeomopterunic: 24 256 Annals of the South African Museum. b4. Mid tibie not spined. Ges les Inewiay 40 60 10 60 09 oo Jlomme. b®. Hyes not hairy. aS. Hyes with long overhanging cilia .. Plusiane. b&. Hyes not ciliated. a’, Hindwing with vein 5 from close to lower angle of cell, strong .. Noctuwine. b7. Hindwing with vein 5 from well above angle of cell, rather weak Hrastriane. b1,. Hindwing with vein 5 parallelto4 .. .. .. .. .. Hypenine. 1B, Wewetllyazjollion jcetims 55 50 oe 06 66 da 00 00 oa Jellicoe, Sus-Famity AGROTIN AE. A. Frons with rounded prominence. a. Fore tibiee with stout apical claws. a. Forewing rather long and narrow Sor Boe per oc, | vo dAOna. bl. Forewing rather short and broad jo 65 Joo oo oo 9 JROGIUOG. b. Fore tibie with slender apical claws oa | an oe eee Michiclen titan & idora thle GaooMinG WS 46 co oo ca oo 50 05 oo AlASDI B. Frons without rounded prominence fe esta gh RY eaten enatemecs ROL OTOLISN Genus TIMORA. Type. Timora, W1k. 1x. 182 (1856) eee che) seen senegalensis. A. Forewing with oblique interrupted postmedial pink band with white points on it is Se eewcostictar B. Forewing with pink fascie below costa and above inner margin Janceolata. (1) Timora LEvCOSTICTA, Nn. sp. 3g. Ochreous; thorax with some pink hair behind tegule; fore coxe and femora and tibie pink above. Forewing with diffused pink fascie below costa and in base of cell; an antemedial pink patch with white point on it on vein 1; an oblique pink bank with white points on it from apex to inner margin beyond middle interrupted in discal and submedian folds; cilia pink. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Hap. 26 mill. Type in B.M. (2) Trmora Lancronata, WIk. xxxill. 767 (1865). Curubasa depicta, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 146, pl. 8, f. 4, Hab. West Africa, Niger R.; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Mar- shall); Natal, Malvern (Marshall). Hap. g 24-80, 2 30- 40 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 257 Genus RAGHUVA. Type. Raghuva, Moore, P.Z.S. 1881, p. 362... confertissima. RaGHUVA MULTIRADIATA, 0. sp. Head and thorax grey-brown tinged with fulvous. Forewing pale olive-brown; the subbasal line indistinct; the antemedial line sinuous, dentate above inner margin and with some rufous on its inner side; claviform large and elongate with whitish streak in centre and defined by brown; a whitish streak in cell with the small orbicular below it with dark centre and defined by brown; reniform large with black centre and defined by black; postmedial line minutely dentate with series of white points on it, bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 38 with some rufous or dark suffusion beyond it; the veins of terminal area with black streaks on dentate whitish marks extending to termen; a series of small terminal black spots in the interspaces; cilia pale with a dark line at base. Hindwing yellowish brown; cilia pale with a dark line at base; the under side ochreous with dark discoidal lunules, slightly sinuous postmedial line, and terminal series of small black lunules. Hab. British East Africa, Eb Urru, Athi R. (Betton); Mashona- land, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal. Hap. 30 mill. Type in B.M. Genus MELICLEPTRIA. Type. Melicleptria, Hibn. Verz. p. 262 (1327) ... ... scwtosa. A. Forewing yellow, the inner area tinged with rufous and fuscous sxanthiata. B. Forewing ochreous or brownish. a. Forewing without terminal black spot above tornus. a, Forewing with series of white points on the dark post- medial band ca) ida scutiligera. bl. Forewing without series of ahite a inte on “ike eaten Inala Oe oo 60 00 60} 6CURRNUG CR b. Forewing with feria pinck oat afore fone eee DCULUG C1: Gre (1) Mexicueprria xanrarata, WIk. xxxiil. 770 (1865). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Hap. 36 mill. (2) Meuicuspreia scutiniemra, Guen. Noct. 1. p. 180 (1852). Heliothis errans, Wlk. xxxili. 769 (1865). Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen), Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett); O’okiep (Lightfoot). xp. 80 mill. 258 Annals of the South African Museum. (3) Meticteprria armicera, Hutbn. Sammi. Eur. Schmett. Noct. ii. pl. 79, f. 3 (1827). Heliothis pulverosa, Wlk. xi. 688 (1857). a uniformis, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 171 (1860). Hab. Almost universally distributed: N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Transvaal (Ross); Natal, Malvern (Marshall), Durban (G. F. Leigh); Cape Colony, Knysna, Capetown (Trimen). Hap. 31-41 mill. (4) Muuicterrria petticrRA, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 82 (1778). Phalena charmione, Stoll, Cram. Pap. Exot. v. p. 162, pl. 36, fis UO (US), Hab. Southern Europe; North Africa; Canaries; Cape Colony ; Armenia; Syria; Persia; Northern India. Hap. 34-40 mill. Genus ADISURA. Type. Adisura, Moore, P.Z.S. 1881, p. 867... ... atkinsoni. A. Forewing yellowish white .. .. .. .. .. «.. «. «. «~. Sstraminea. B. Forewing pale green Bae Bates Meh Geral Gy ay/Gl aca Caystehy, eves uemcen IWereenMnCe TUL Os (1) ApisuRA STRAMINEA, 0. sp. &. Yellowish white, palpi above and lower part of frons brownish ; abdomen dorsally tinged with ochreous. Forewing irrorated with a very few black scales; the inner and terminal areas tinged with ochreous; slight traces of a brownish streak from lower angle of cell to termen and of an obliquely curved postmedial series of dark points. Hindwing semihyaline, the terminal area tinged with ochreous. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Hap. 26 mill. Type in B.M. (2) Apisura RuaGo, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 45 (1874). Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Cape Colony, Ann- shaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 26 mill. Genus AGROTIS. Type. Agrotis, Ochs. Schmett. Hur. iv. p. 66 (1816), MONGWESCH., ei-ncasen Eeonk. 42+) Pte mee mneclanonlar Agrotis, Treit. Schmett. Hur. v. 1, p. 125 (1825) : Bee ersten) Tce ds lcs. a oct SRE CCE ILO REL CN Chera, Hiibn. Verz. p. 211 (1827)... ... ... serratilinea. Peridroma, Hiibn. Verz. p. 227 (1827)... ... saucta. The Moths of South Africa. 259 Sect. I. Antenne of male with moderate branches, the apical part serrate. A. Forewing with the ground colour grey-brown to fuscous .. .. -. segetis. B. Forewing with the ground colour grey-white.. .. .. .. +. +. subalba (1) Acrotts secetis, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 252, id. Wien. Verz. 81, 12 f. 8, a. b. (1776). Larva Fawcett. Trans. Z. So Ve Vie p. 817, pl. 49, f. 16 (1901). Agrotis marginalis, Wik. x. 339 (1856). ,, obliviosa, W1k. x. 889 (1856). ,, denticulosa, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 168 (1860). Hab. Hurope; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson, Kraus); Cape Colony (Drege, A. Smith) ; India; Ceylon. Hap. 42-48 mill. (2) Acroris suzauea, Wlk. x. 339 (1856). a nivalis, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 11 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony (Drége). Hap. 44 mill. Sect. 11. Antenne of male with very short branches, the apical part serrate. (3) Acroris sprinirera, Hibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett. Noct. f. 389 (1827). Ayrotis spiculifera, Guen. Noct. 1, p. 266 (1852). » Jerina, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 12 (1874). Hab. Southern Europe; Eritrea; British Bast Africa; Mashona- land, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal (Ross); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony (Drége, A. Smith); Persia; India, Ceylon, and Burma. zp. 38 mill. Sect. III. Antenne of male ciliated. A. Forewing without very highly dentate antemedial line emitting teeth to the base. a. Forewing with well-defined blackish or deep black ante- medial, medial, and postmedial patches on costa; colour grey-white, usually tinged with green; thorax purplish red onblack a3 fac) , Forewing without pale line before the blackish terminal band. a’. Forewing with the costal half of post- medial line not dentate .. .. consanguis. b&. Forewing with the costal half of ost medial line dentate .. .. definiens. . Forewing with the subterminal line ah seminic MUNGO 55 go. oe furvilinea. b3, Forewing Sieh tinged ae alias brown and irrorated with black .. .. . natalensis. b. a with the ground colour white Gmeed iil gia GARI elon SED Mees BACs Moone nears SARE ght eect ol Wis WARS, . (1) Mamesrra VITTIGERA, nN. sp. g. Head and thorax dark red-brown and purplish fuscous ; abdomen reddish brown. Forewing purplish grey; a pale subbasal line defined by black between median nervure and vein 1; the antemedial line brownish defined by black lines, slightly curved and with the large black claviform stigma on its outer edge ; the medial area pinkish; the orbicular and reniform whitish, the former minute, the latter large attenuate, its centre defined by brownish Jines and with some black in the cell before it; a whitish fascia on middle of inner area and a paler streak on basal part of vein 2; the postmedial line formed of minute pale and black lunules, strongly bent outwards below costa; a subterminal series of black and ochreous dentate spots; the termen brown with whitish apical patch. Hindwing white, the costal area tinged with brown ; a fine brown terminal line. @. Hindwing fuscous. The specimen from British East Africa has a prominent white fascia on terminal part of median nervure and base of vein 2. Hab. British East Africa, Athi-ya-Mawe (Betton); Natal, Victoria District (Gooch), Northdene. Hap. 30-34 mill. Type in B.M. (2) Mamxsrra spryERtI, Feld. Reis. Noy. pl. 110, f. 15 (1874). Hab. Natal, Hstcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Queenstown. Hp. 40 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 267 (8) Mamestra suncert, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 18 (1874). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Queenstown. Exp. 38 mill. (4) Mamestra MEsoGLAUCA, Nn. sp. 9. Head and thorax dark purplish brown mixed with black and white scales; tarsi with whitish bands; abdomen greyish, red-brown on terminal half and ventral surface. Forewing dark purplish brown mixed with grey and black scales; some black points on basal part of costa and a black streak below base of cell; the medial area whitish irrorated with black, defined in inner side by the sinuous interrupted black antemedial line and on outer side by the waved postmedial line which is excurved from costa to vein 8, then incurved, the orbicular, reniform and claviform white defined by black lines, the two former with the area between them purplish brown; some pale points on costa towards apex; an irregular ochreous white subterminal line with ochreous patch at apex and <-mark at middle; a crenulate black terminal line; cilia fuscous with two ochreous white lines through them. Hindwing fuscous with the basal area whitish; cilia whitish. Hab. Natal, Durban (Innes); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 86 mill. Type in B.M. (5) MamestRa DIPTERIGIDIA, 0. sp. Head and thorax dark red-brown mixed with black; abdomen fuscous, the anal tuft rufous and ochreous. Forewing dark red- brown suffused with black; traces of some black points on costa and of a sinuous antemedial line, the orbicular and reniform rather small, black-edged and indistinct; the claviform represented by an obscure blackish streak; the postmedial black line crenulate, excurved from costa to vein 3 and with a reddish ochreous patch beyond it on inner area extending to tornus; some pale points on costa towards apex and a series of indistinct dentate subterminal black marks; a pale waved line at base of cilia. Hindwing fuscous, paler towards base ; cilia pale with a fuscous line through them. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 42 mill. Type in B.M. (6) Mamesrra REnisiena, WI1k. x. 267 (1856). Dianthecia pretermissa, Wik. xi. 506 (1857). Hadena depulsa, W1k. xi. 590 (1857). », tmeulta, Wk. xxxiii. 727 (1865). 268 Annals of the South African Museum. Hadena ficita, Wik. xxxiii. 734 (1865). » contracta, Wik. xxxiil. 735 (1865). » servilis, W1k. xxxili. 736 (1865). Hab. British Hast Africa, Machakos; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Delagoa Bay (H. Junod); Natal, Estcourt (Hutch- inson), Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony (A. Smith, Drége, Trimen). Hap. 34 mill. (7) MameEstRa CONSANGUIS, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 97 (1852). Hadena languida, W1k. xv. 728 (1858.) Hab. West Africa, Congo; British Hast Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Hstcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett); India; Ceylon. Hap. 32 mill. (8) Mamesrra perintens, WIk. xi. 689 (1857). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith); O’okiep. Hap. 36 mill. (9) MamEstRA FURVILINEA, 0. Sp. 2. Head and thorax purplish red, the scales tipped with grey ; abdomen grey-brown. Forewing clothed with blackish, purplish red, brown and grey scales; an indistinct pale antemedial line incurved to costa; the orbicular and reniform with grey outlines and brown patches beyond them; traces of a postmedial line curved from costa to vein 4, then slightly bent inwards; the subterminal line whitish with rufous on its inner edge, somewhat bent outwards at vein 7. Hindwing white, the veins and terminal area tinged with fuscous; a fuscous line at base of cilia except towards tornus. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hp. 88 mill. Type in B.M. (10) Mamusrra navacensts, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 408 (1875). Hab. Natal (Burrows), Durban (Leigh). Hap. 32 mill. (11) Mamesrra pPoniastis, n. sp. Head and thorax white tinged with green and irrorated with black ; antenne ringed with black; abdomen tinged with black above, leaving white segmental lines. Forewing white tinged in part with grey- green and irrorated with black scales; a short bisinuate subbasal black line; a waved medial line dentate inwards on median nervure and vein 1; a discoidal lunule; a dentate postmedial line excurved The Moths of South Africa. 269 between veins 5 and 2 and strongly incurved between veins 2 and 1, the area between it and medial line often suffused with black from vein 2 to inner margin; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing white with fuscous suffusion on terminal area. Hab. British East Africa, Machakos (Crawshay), Nairobi (Betton); Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Hap. 28 mill. Type in B.M. AvctToruM. Dianthecia submesta, Moéschl. Verh. z. b. Ges. Wien. xxxiii. p. 294, pl.xvi., f.8... Natal, Cape Colony. Mamestra ordinaria, Wlk. xxxil. 664 (USGS) itypel@stte sce? Cy ee OOUbAVATTICE. Mamestra catephioides, Wik. xxxu. 665 (S65) Saiype lost me ateenntees ieee ee COUT MCAEICE. Genus ASPIDIFRONTIA, nov. Type A. semipallida. Proboscis rather weak; palpi porrect to just beyond frons and fringed with hair below; frons with large disk-shaped corneous prominence with truncate conical centre; eyes hairy; antenne of male ciliated; legs hairy. Forewing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle. A. Forewing blackish with the costal half pale .. .. .. .. .. semipallida. B. Forewing pale, thickly irrorated with rufous so 66 60 00 PONCHO. (1) AsPIDIFRONTIA SEMIPALLIDA, N. Sp. Head and thorax black; antennze ochreous white; tarsi ringed with ochreous; abdomen ochreous white, the ventral surface black. Forewing black suffused with leaden grey especially towards inner margin; the costal area ochreous white, suffused with purplish pink towards costa and with black patch with three pale points on it on costa before apex, on basal area the pale colour extends to just below the cell, on medial area to median nervure, and on postmedial area to vein 5, and includes a black point in lower end of cell; an oblique crenulate postmedial line obsolete on costal area, with a rufous band 270 Annals of the South African Museum. on its outer edge extending to the waved black subterminal line which is bent outwards to apex and excurved at middle; a terminal series of black and white points. Hindwing yellowish white, the apex slightly tinged with fuscous. Hab. Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall). Hap. 34 mill. (2) ASPIDIFRONTIA RUFESCENS, 0. Sp. @. Head and thorax whitish mixed with brown; frontal promi- nence blackish and long; abdomen ochreous white. Forewing ochreous-white thickly irrorated with purplish red; the veins irrorated with black; traces of an antemedial line; a point in end of cell; an obscure double postmedial series of white points on the veins excurved below costa, then oblique; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing yellowish white, the terminal area suffused with brown. Hab. Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall). Hap. 34 mill. Type in B.M. Genus DIAPHONHE. Type. Diaphone, Htitbn. Verz. p. 188 (1827) ... ... ewmeda. A. Forewing with the discoidal spot crimson . .. .. .. .. .. ewmela. B. Forewing with the discoidal spot not crimson .. .. .. .. .. dominica. (1) DrapHone sumera, Stoll. Pap. Exot. iv. pl. 347, g (1781). Larva Faweett, Trans. Z.S. xv. vi. p. 318, pl. 49, ff. 20, 21 (1901). Bombyx elegans, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii. p. 116 (1787). Noctua sylviana, Stoll. Suppl. Cram. pl. 40, f. 4 (1790). Chelonia evidens, Guér. Icon. R. Anim. Ins. p. 513, pl. 88, f. 1 (1829). Hab. Senegal; British East Africa, Wadelai; Portuguese East Africa, Chiperoni; Natal (Gooch), Newcastle, Karkloof (Mar- shall); Basutoland, Masitz (Weigall); Cape Colony. up. 38-46 mill. (2) Drarnone pomrnica, Cram. Pap. Hxot. iv. pl. 399, H. (1783). Larva Faweett, Trans. Z.S. xv. v. p. 317, pl. 49, ff. 17, 18 (1901). Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal, Pre- toria (Distant); Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Grahamstown ; Mauritius; India; Ceylon; Burma; Java. Kap. 36-88 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 271 Genus LEUCANIA. Type. Leucania, Ochs. Wiur. Schmett. iv. p. 81 (1816) comma. A. Forewing with fine dark streaks in the interspaces of terminal area. a. Forewing with white streak on terminal part of median nervure. a1. Forewing with the streak emitting a short hook on discocellulars. a?. Forewing with the streak short and confined to ex- tremity of median nervure So -. .. “tnterciliata. v2. Forewing with the streak long sadl odin towards base. a®. Forewing with the ground colour pinkish 50 oe, © BOMRGM b8. Forewing with the ground colour ochreous .. .. amens. b1. Forewing with the streak not hooked. a. Forewing with the streak short and dilated at ex- tremity os -- +. YVhabdophora. b+. Forewing with the ahieate Tiere rail suntliiing cinenlee on veins 8, 4. a’. Forewing with the ground colour pinkish grey .. albicosta. b%. Forewing with the ground colour reddish ochreous. a‘. Forewing with black streak in end of sub- mageliann tole = 55 54 « oo oa jalan. b4. Forewing without black danke in end of submedian fold. a’, Forewing with prominent white terminal nee SONS MRC LIL CCU . Forewing manors igor mite ines a®. Forewing with reddish streak in end of cell and discal fold so 60 90 oo CMytina. b®. Forewing without reddish streak in celland discalfold .. .. .. .. .. torrentiwm. b. Forewing with white point at lower angle of cell .. .. .. loreyt. B. Forewing without fine dark streaks in interspaces of terminal area. a. Forewing with more or less prominent white streak on extremity of median neryure. al, Forewing with the streak emitting a short hook on discocellulars. a. Forewing without two black points above middle of median nervure .. - - +. apparata. 62, Forewing with two black satiate akove “gle of median neryure .. .. 905° OS) 06 60 50 ROR ob. Forewing with the streak not mnaalterl a*. Forewing without black fascia below median nervure. a’. Forewing reddish brown with more or less pro- minent oblique reddish streak from apex 54, co CSU. b®. Forewing ochreous without reddish streak from apex. at, ponewing without black spot beyond lower angle of cell. . Forewing not clouded with pale fuscous marks in the interspaces.. .. - »- nigrisparsa. . Forewing clouded with pale ‘astiatn soon in the interspaces .. . -- «. Mnebulosa. b’. Forewing with black spot beyond loner angle of cell stem ¢ ous +. +. .. atrimacula, b?. Forewing with black ane pele anette nervure .. tacuna. b. Forewing with white point at lower angle of cell. 25 272 Annals of the South African Museu. a1, Forewing with crenulate postmedial line .. .. .. .. phea. bl. Forewing with postmedial series of points .. .. .. .. wnipuncta. ¢. Forewing with black fascize on median nervure and vein 1 interlata (1) Levcanta INTERCILIATA, N. sp. 3g. Head and thorax ochreous white slightly tinged with brown ; palpi and legs mixed with black; prothoracic crest black and white at tips; abdomen strongly tinged with brown. Forewing pale brownish ochreous, the costal area irrorated with black; a purplish- brown fascia on median nervure and in cell, then diffused over the whole terminal area, the median nervure itself grey with a white streak at extremity emitting a short hook on discocellulars; a purplish brown and greyish fascia on vein 1 from near base and with an oblique black streak below it from near base to middle; the terminal area with fine red-brown streaks in the interspaces, a grey fascia, with a black streak below it, on vein 5, and a blackish streak in end of submedian fold; fine white streak on the ends of the veins and intersecting the cilia which are black. Hindwing white tinged with ochreous ; the terminal area and veins tinged with brown; the cilia brown and white except towards tornus. Hab. Natal, Kistcourt (Hutchinson). Hap. 40 mill. Type in B.M. (2) Lvcanta saRca, 0. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen white, tinged with pink and brown and irrorated with black. Forewing white strongly tinged with pink and irrorated with black; the costal edge and a fascia on median nervure brownish pink, the median nervure with white streak from before middle to extremity where it emits a slight hook, a black fascia above it continued above vein 5 to termen; a black point in lower angle of cell; a short black streak in base of submedian fold ; the interspaces of terminal area with fine dark streaks ending in black points. Hindwing white, the apical area suffused with fuscous to submedian fold ; traces of some terminal points. Hab. British East Africa, Machakos (Crawshay); Natal, Kar- kloof (Marshall); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 28 mill, Type in B.M. (8) Leucanta amens, Guen. Noct. i. p. 88 (1852). Hab. British East Africa, Machakos; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchin- son); Cape Colony, Transkei, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Kap. 34-36 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 273 (4) LucantA RHABDOPHORA, D. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous strongly mixed with black-brown. Forewing pale ochreous; the veins defined by black streaks ; brownish streaks in the interspaces; a white streak some- what dilated at extremity on end of median nervure; a curved post- medial series of black points; the interspaces of terminal area with fine dark streaks; an oblique shade below apex. Hindwing whitish, the terminal half and veins strongly tinged with fuscous. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 32 mill. Type in B.M. (5) Lucania ausicosta, Moore, P.Z.S., 1881, p. 388, pl. 37, f. 10. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); India; Ceylon; Burma; Singapore. Hap. 28-89 mill. (6) Lucanta puana, W1k. ix. 102 (1856). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony (Dr. A. Smith). Hxp. 84-38 mill. (7) Levcanta tincra, W1k. xv. 1660 (1858). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius), Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hap. 88 mill. (8) Leucanra neta, Wligrn. Gify. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1875, p. 106. Hab. British East Africa, Sabaki Valley, Machakos; Transvaal; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Gueinzius, Leigh) ; Cape Colony (Dr. A. Smith). Hap, 82-86 mill. (9) Lucania TorRENTIUM, Guen. Noct. i. p. 88 (1852). 5 substituta, Wllern. Gifv. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1875, p. 105. Hab. West Africa, Niger River; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Mar- shall); Natal (Gooch); Cape Colony, Capetown (Trimen) ; Madagascar; Bourbon. Hap. 34 mill. (10) Leveanta torEyi, Dup. Lép. Fr. iv. p. 81, pl. 105, f. 7 (1821). afi curvula, Wlk. 1x. 102 (1856). Hab. Burope; Ascension Island; West Africa, Congo; Natal, HKsteourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Leigh); Persia; Japan; Formosa; India; Ceylon; Australia; U.S.A.; Neotropical region. Map. 384-42 mill. (11) Levcanta apparata, Wligrn. Cifv. Vet. Akad. Férh. 1875, p. 105. Hab. Transvaal; Natal, Weenen; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 80-384 mill. 274. Annals of the South African Museum. (12) Lmucanta trrorata, Moore, P.Z.S. 1881, p. 341. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); India, North-west Himalayas, Punjab; Ceylon. Hap. 380 mill. (18) Leucania usta, n. sp. Head and thorax grey strongly irrorated with dark brown; abdomen whitish or fuscous irrorated with black. Forewing brown tinged with purplish grey and strongly irrorated with black; an indistinct medial series of black points or dentate line; a white streak on terminal part of median nervure emitting a streak on vein 5 and with a black point in lower angle of cell and reddish mark above it ; a minutely crenulate postmedial line bent outwards below costa, sometimes reduced to a series of points; a more or less pro- minent oblique reddish mark from apex; a fine white terminal line. Hindwing white, the veins and termen tinged with brown; a terminal series of points. Hab. Natal, Weenen, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 82-40 mill. Type in B.M. (14) Lucania NIGRISPARSA, N. sp. ?. Pale brownish ochreous; palpi and legs irrorated with black ; abdomen white slightly tinged with brown and irrorated with fus- cous. Forewing sparsely irrorated with brown scales; a white streak on median nervure; a black point in lower angle of cell; the veins of terminal area pale; traces of a curved postmedial series of black points and of a terminal series. Hindwing pure white. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Hap. 42 mill. Type in B.M. (15) Lucania NEBULOSA, 0. sp. °. Brownish ochreous; head, thorax, and abdomen irrorated with black. Forewing irrorated with black; a whitish streak on median nervure and sometimes a black point in lower angle of cell; traces of an antemedial series of fuscous points; two more distinct curved postmedial series; an oblique fuscous shade below apex; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing yellowish white; the terminal area between veins 5 and 2 irrorated with fuscous with more or less distinct postmedial series of points on those veins and a terminal series. Hab. British East Africa, Machakos (Crawshay); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 36 mill. Type im B.M. The Moths of South Africa. 275 (16) Lucania ATRIMACULA, 0. sp. ?.. Brownish ochreous; head, thorax, and abdomen sparsely irrorated with black. Forewing irrorated with black, a slight white streak on extremity of median nervure; a black point in lower angle of cell and spot beyond the angle with ferruginous tinge above it; an oblique black shade from below apex; postmedial and terminal series of black points. Hindwing white; the terminal area suffused with fuscous from costa to submedian fold; a terminal series of black points. Hab. Natal (Gooch). Hap. 30 mill. Type in B.M. (17) Leucania tacuna, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 90, f. 22 (1874). F. substituta, Wllern. (ifv. Vet. Akad. Férh. 1875, p- 105. Hab. Transvaal; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Weenen ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 84-88 mill. (18) Leucania PHmA, n. Sp. 3S. Head and thorax grey-brown mixed with fuscous; abdomen paler. Forewing grey-brown strongly irrorated with fuscous; a white point at lower angle of cell; a curved crenulate postmedial blackish line strongly bent outwards below costa; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing semihyaline whitish, the veins, costa, and termen tinged with brown; some dark points on termen. 2. Abdomen and hindwing fuscous brown; the cilia pale brown with a fuscous line through them. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss I’. Barrett). Hep. 86 mill. Type in B.M. (19) Leucania unipuncra, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 174 (1808). Hab. Nearly universally distributed; Natal, coast-belt. Hyp. 44-50 mill. (20) Leucanta intertata, Wlik. xi. 713 (1857). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Map. 36 mill. AvucTORUM. Leucania internata, Moschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxili. p. 291, pl. xvi. fen (RGSS MMe acre), ie oom) Pantheon Cape: Colony, 276 Annals of the South African Museum. Leucania melianoides, Méschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxiii. p. 291, pl. xvi. for (US8o)) mergers 2 ey ae Cape sColonye Leucania baziye, Moschl. Ver Fook bot. Ges. Wien. xxxill. p. 292, a fle tig) (W883) ae Zc oe), een CapenColouye Sus-Famiry POLIANZAE. A. Collar forming a raised hood; abdomen with dorsal crests of GATOR Wocke cut. fosiiol ole, GREE ey ace eae ee CCU B. Collar normal. a. Abdomen with dorsal crests of scales scceelent a, Chee Wott cceeumeMleOULae b. Abdomen without dorsal crests. al, Fore tibie with claw on outer side ae RE CLOGILELCE bl. Fore tibie without claw iy Sina ae Se tee ie | een ee Liopieobuss Genus CUCULLIA. OCucullia, Schrank Faun. Boica, Il. 2, p. 157 (1802) Uae Saas ch Palen, ae Ulan Rename ROU SELe Type. A. Forewing with silvery fascia from middle of cell to termen .. hutchinsont. B. Forewing with golden-yellow fascia in and beyond cell and above basal half ofvein1 .. .. chrysota. C. Forewing with whitish fascia in and tharondl cell syn ore Dasal half of vein 1 a bo 00 oo oo jaallgalisirig. D. patie: without deem aia or pyeolien Soectica . Forewing wholly brownish .. .. Sol gol Bo! 66 eo. CpUmmaa. h Forewing with the costal area prownreh Aap) ie eae seit reer ACD UNUCHLOs c. Forewing with the costal area grey. al, Forewing without orbicular and reniform stigmata .. .. africana. b1. Forewing with the orbicular stigma represented ae four black points, the reniform fairly distinct .. .. terrensis. cl. Forewing with the orbicular stigma annulate, fhe! reni- Oman GSI oc co oo oo 06 980 “06 06 oo oo G@omsiilds. (1) CuctuLLIa HUTCHINSONI, 0. sp. Head and thorax grey with darker irroration and a slight brown tinge; palpi with some black at base; abdomen whiter with slight dark irroration, the extremity browner, the ventral surface white. Forewing with the costal and inner areas grey-brown with dark irroration; the rest of wing bright rufous with ochreous yellow streaks below base of costa, below the cell, above vein 1, and above vein 6 towards termen; a brilliant silver fascia from middle of cell to near termen attenuate at each end; traces of an oblique waved The Moths of South Africa. 277 postmedial line from vein 5 to 2; a terminal series of points. Hind- wing pure white, the veins tinged with brown towards termen. Ab. 1. Forewing without any rufous tinge ... ... Cape Colony. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Mooi River; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 42-48 mill. Type in B.M. (2) CucuLLia cHRysora, n. sp. &. Head and thorax grey with darker irroration and slight brown tinge; palpi with some black at base; abdomen brownish with dark irroration, the ventral surface white. Forewing with the base of costal area grey, the rest brownish with dark irroration; a golden- yellow fascia in and above middle of cell to beyond its extremity with a black point in middle of cell and two towards extremity; rufous fasciz below basal half of median nervure and in lower end of cell with a golden-yellow streak below the former; the rest of wing grey with dark irroration and fine dark streaks on the veins and in inter- Spaces of terminal area; a terminal series of points. Hindwing white, the veins and termen tinged with brown. Hab. Natal, Hstcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Innes). Lap. 36 mill. Type in B.M. (3)*Cucuni1a patuipistria, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 54 (1874). Hab. South Africa. Hap. 44 mill. (4) CucuLLIa BRUNNEA, 0. Sp. 3. Head and thorax brown; abdomen pale ochreous brown. Forewing grey-brown slightly suffused with fuscous towards base and costa; a very indistinct antemedial line angled outwards in and below cell and inwards on vein 1; orbicular rounded with ochreous ring and dark outline; reniform with dark outline and discoidal bar; some pale points on costa towards apex; an indistinct minutely dentate subterminal line bent outwards at vein 4 and with more pro- minent double lunule on it above tornus; a terminal series of blackish points. Hindwing pale tiged with reddish brown and with broad dark terminal band; cilia whitish. Under side of forewing pale brownish. Hab. Cape Colony, Bedford (M. Weale). Hap. 30 mill. Type in Coll. Druce. (5) Cucunnia exrricata, W1k. xi. 630 (1857). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett), Knysna. Hap. 44-48 mill. 278 Annals of the South African Museum. (6) Cucuniia arricana, Auriv. ify. Ak. Forh. xxxvi. (7) p. 59 (1879). Cucullia minuta, Moschl. Verh. z. b. Wien. xxxiii. p. 295, pl. xvi. f. 9 (1884). Hab. German South-west Africa, Damaraland; Cape Colony, Annshaw, Buntingville, Grahamstown (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 42 mill. (7) Cucuniia TERRENSIS, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 53 (1874). Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Capetown (Light- foot). Hap. 46 mill. (8) Cucunt1a consmiiis, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 52 (1874). A pusilla, Méschl. Verh. z. b. Wien. xxxii. p. 296, pl. xvi. f. 10 (1884). Hab. Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen), Annshaw (Miss F. Bar- rett), Concordia (Alston). Hp. 80-88 mill. Genus POLIA. Type. Polia, Ochs. Schmett. Hur. iv. p. 78 (1816) jflavicincta. A. Forewing without short black streak on terminal part of vein 2 scotomista. B. Forewing with short black streak on terminal part of ven 2 .. mnigridentata. (1) Potia scoromisra, n. sp. g. Head and thorax grey strongly mixed with black; abdomen brownish with dark irroration above. Forewing grey very strongly irrorated with black-brown; an indistinct waved white subbasal line from costa to vein 1; an indistinct interrupted waved white ante- medial line; the orbicular annulate, white; the reniform somewhat indistinct ; a dentate whitish postmedial line excurved from below costa to vein 8, then incurved; traces of an irregular dark subter- minal line; cilia chequered brown and white. Hindwing pale ochreous suffused with brown ; the cilia whitish; under side whitish with fuscous discoidal spot and sinuous postmedial line. Hab. Natal, coast-belt; Cape Colony, Capetown. Hap. 42- 48 mill. Type in B.M. (2) Poxta NIGRIDENTATA, N. Sp. 3. Head and thorax grey-white largely mixed with fuscous and black ; tarsi banded with black; abdomen tinged with ochreous and largely suffused with fuscous on dorsum. Forewing white strongly The Moths of South Africa. 279 irrorated with black; a blackish spot below base of cell; an indis- tinet waved black antemedial line very oblique from costa to vein 2 below end of cell where it is strongly angled, then inwardly oblique ; the orbicular and reniform rounded, very indistinct with blackish outlines, the postmedial line indistinct, strongly dentate, excurved from costa to vein 3, then incurved and bent outwards again above inner “margin; the subterminal line strongly dentate with three prominent black teeth on a whitish patch below middle; the terminal part of vein 2 streaked with black; a fine crenulate black terminal line. Hindwing fuscous. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hep. 44 mill. Type in B.M. Genus ECTOCHELA, nov. Proboscis fully developed; palpi with the second joint upturned and fringed with long hair in front, the third porrect, moderate ; head and thorax clothed with long rough hair mixed with scales ; antenne of male minutely serrate and ciliated; tibiz fringed with long hair, the fore tibia with moderate curved claw on outer side ; veins 8 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hindwing with ves 8, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 from upper angle. Herocuena canina, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 100, f. 10 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Calvinia District (Alston). Exp. 3 88, @ 44 mill. Genus HE LIOPHOBUS. Type. Heliophobus, Boisd. Ind. Meth. p. 111 (1840)... hispida. Sect. I. Antenne of male bipectinate. SGEOUNdcolourapriaiiueredi emilee es yn an eh -» perrubra. BauGroundseloumolive-browni cee) eee a. es 1 -. mformis. (1) Hextopnosus prrrusra, n. sp. ?. Antenne serrate, whitish; head, thorax, and abdomen chest- nut-red mixed with whitish scales. Forewing bright chestnut-red ; a subbasal black line from costa to submedian fold with pink band on its outer side connected on subcostal and median nervures with 280 Annals of the South African Museum. the antemedial pink band, leaving a black pcint in cell, the ante- medial band edged by a black line excurved below costa, then oblique and sinuous; the reniform and orbicular pink edged with white and black lines and connected by a fascia on median nervure; the post- medial line black edged by pink, oblique from costa, strongly excurved beyond cell, then incurved and touching lower edge of reniform; the subterminal line black edged with white, excurved at veins 6 and 3, then incurved, with a pink band on its outer edge with strongly dentate outer edge. Hindwing yellow-brown; the cilia pinkish; the under side with discal spot and curved postmedial line. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 34 mill. Type in B.M. (2) HeniopHosus inrormis, WIk. x. 402 (1856). Hab. “Interior of South Africa.” Hap. 40 mill. Sect. IT. Antenne of male serrate and fasciculate. (83) HeniopHosus FUMEA, D. sp. Fuscous black; pectus, lees, and ventral surface of abdomen nie some grey hair. Forewing narrow, irrorated with darker scales; a black antemedial line not quite reaching costa and slightly sinuous and angled in submedian fold; a discoidal point; a minutely waved postmedial line strongly excurved from below costa to vein 8, then strongly incurved; a fine black terminal line. Hindwing fuscous ervey. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 28 mill. Type in B.M. Sus-Famiry CARADRININZA. A. Abdomen with dorsal crests of scales. a. Prothorax with crest of scales. a. Frons with rounded prominence. a*. Hindwing with veins 6, 7 stalked Ren) tones | ace lonides: v2. Hindwing with veins 6, 7 from cell. a’. Palpi upturned, the third joint long porrect .. Paratuerta. GF, IPEloN TOONEC, 65 60 56 05 06 oo oo oa Momniddaymomiia. bl. Frons without prominence. a» Patagia with upturned spatulate hairs at extremity Diphthera. b?. Patagia normal. a®. Forewing of normal breadth... .. .. .. .. Huplemia. O% IMO MINE MANION a5 of 66 on 00 oo oo JaGniEG. b. Prothorax without crest. a, Metathorax with distinct crest of scales. a*. Fore tibie broadly fringed with hair .. .. .. .. Spodoptera. The Moths of South Africa. 281 b2. Fore tibize normal. a. Forewing with the cilia crenulate.. Prodenia. b3. Forewing with the cilia non-crenulate. a‘. Forewing without tufts of raised scales Acronycta. bt. Forewing with tufts of raised scales on stigmata Bryophila. bl. Metathorax without crest Amyna. B. Abdomen without dorsal crests. a. Prothorax with crest of scales. a. Frons with rounded prominence and quadrangular plate below it Matopo. bl. Frons without prominence Charidea. b. Prothorax without crest. a. Metathorax with crest of scales. a*, Frons with two corneous plates .. Diparopsis. b2. Frons without plates Conservula. bl. Metathorax without crest. a*. Frons with conical prominence. a, Palpi upturned. at. Palpi with the third joint long Svinhea. bt. Palpi with the third joint short Ovios. b3. Palpi porrect eerie Blane Conicofrontia. b2. Frons without prominence. a. Frons with tuft of hair Sesamia. b3. Frons without tuft. a*. Forewing with the apex obtuse. a°. Palpi smoothly scaled, flattened against frons Rl to on san ee Leocyma. b>. Palpi fringed with scales in front. a’. Tarsi with tuft of scales on first joint .. ee ea AON LOLOnSta. b&. Tarsi without tuft of scales on first joint . ee ee eee eke Canina: b4. Forewing with the apex produced and acute Acrapex. Genus MIONIDES, nov. Proboscis absent; palpi slight, extending to just beyond the frons and somewhat upturned; frons with rounded prominence ; antenne with fasciculate cilia; pro- and meta-thorax slightly crested ; abdomen with dorsal crests. Forewing rather narrow, the apex produced, the termen obliquely rounded; veins 3 and 5 from ciose to angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 obsolescent; 6, 7, stalked. MIoNIDES LICHENEA, N. sp. 3g. Head and thorax white strongly irrorated with black ; abdomen whitish mixed with fuscous, the dorsal tufts darker. 282 Annals of the South African Museum. Forewing white strongly irrorated with black leaving a clearer discal patch; a waved black antemedial line defined by white on inner side ; the orbicular a small ocellus, the reniform hardly trace- able; a waved black postmedial line strongly excurved from below costa to vein 8, then incurved; some white points on costa towards apex and at base of cilia. Hindwing whitish tinged with fuscous especially on apical area; a bar-shaped blackish discoidal spot show- ing through from under side; cilia white with dark line at base. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hap. 28 mill. Genus PARATUERTA, nov. Proboscis fully developed; palpi obliquely upturned, the second joint clothed with rough hair, the third long porrect, roughly scaled ; frons with large truncate conical prominence with small raised rim at extremeity; antenne of female minutely serrate; tibie clothed with long hair; abdomen with dorsal crests. Forewing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 6 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent from middle of discocellulars; 6, 7 from upper angle. PaRATUERTA MARSHALLI, 0. sp. @. Head and thorax chocolate and biack-brown irrorated with srey-white; pectus orange; abdomen orange dorsally tinged with black and with the dorsal crests chocolate. Forewing fuscous grey strongly irrorated with white, the area above the white markings and curved line suffused with olive-green; a pure white fascia below the cell, constricted at middle where its lower edge is indented by a black-edged sinus, ending in a point followed by two white spots met by a curved line from costa; an indistinct curved subterminal line angled inwards in submedian fold and outwards on vein 1. Hind- wing orange with black terminal band with shghtly dentate inner edge. Under side of forewing orange with blackish point in cell, discoidal lunule and terminal band. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 50 mill. Type in B.M. Genus TUMIDIFRONTIA, nov. Proboscis absent; palpi short porrect; frons with large rounded prominence somewhat hollowed out at apex; antenne with short The Moths of South Africa. 283 uniseriate laminate branches; pro- and meta-thorax with large crests; tibie fringed with long hair ; abdomen with large dorsal crest on first segment. Forewing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 free; cilia non-crenulate. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent; 6, 7 from upper angle. TUMIDIFRONTIA CASTANEOTINCTA, Nl. Sp. gf. Head and thorax grey and ferruginous red; abdomen silky ferruginous. Forewing with the basal area pale ferruginous red, its outer edge oblique with the fine oblique antemedial line just beyond it ; the medial area grey, the orbicular and reniform rather small and indistinct with ferruginous outlines and some ferruginous suffusion above them on costa; the postmedial line indistinct, nearly straight from costa to vein 8, then strongly incurved and bent outwards again to inner margin, with black suffusion beyond it between vein 2 and inner margin; the terminal area grey-brown with fine dark terminal line. Hindwing whitish with slight pinkish discoidal spot and some brown irroration on termen. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 30 mill. Type in B.M. Genus DIPHTHERA. Type. Diphthera, Ochs. Kur. Schmett. iv. p. 68 (1816) orion. *DIPHTHERA VERBENATA, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) 1, p. 222 (1898). Hab. Transvaal, Barberton (Kendall). Hap. 32 mill. Genus HUPLEXIA. Type. Euplexia, Steph. Ill. Brit. Knt. Haust. iii. p. 3 (USZO) Me metre Meneses) eure ounce el og. 0), LUOUD ONG . Forewing with black streaks from base below the cell and vein 1 intermedia. . Forewing with black streak from base below the cell .. .. melanoleuca. . Forewing without black streaks below the cell or vein 1. a. Forewing with large black basal patch defined by white on medial area, and black patch at tornus defined by white on inner side 50° (Go) pps, Semse Sa, So) ia Vie prmeeMn Bim PLA CH Lolate ny RSs b. Forewing without black patches defined by white. a1. Forewing with narrow bluish white band from beyond the reniform to inner margin Repu licieRttstse Mash ietes rates 1SQLAGMNGs QW 284 Annals of the South African Museum. bl, Forewing with broad ochreous white band from beyond the reniform to inner margin O10 LUG CIUSE cl, Forewing without whitish band om, bevontl ‘the reniform to inner margin. a*, Forewing with pale patch from the reniform to apex amaranta. b2. Forewing without pale patch beyond the reniform. a’. Forewing with the lines and stigmata defined by greenish orange scales a0 BS se ae, ca UGE. b3. Forewing without greenish orange srapilea on the lines. a!. Forewing with pinkish suffusion beyond the © postmedial line .. .. 50 co GIG bt, Forewing without pinkish sniinsion ‘tharoundl the postmedial line. a. Forewing with the veins not streaked with white. a’. Forewing without series of pale points beyond the postmedial line. a’, Forewing without white spots on the reniform and points round it. a8. Forewing with subterminal series of dentate spots .. .. consummata. b8. Forewing without subterminal series of den- tate spots. a. Forewing with the post- medial line angled beyond Ha@ @alll co 50 oc 00 00} CRBUORTUG b°. Forewing with the post- medial line curved oa thecellnc:* een tee ambigua. b? Forewing with nite spots on the reniform and points round it >. africana. b&. Forewing with series of pale points beyond the postmedial line .. .. capensis. b®. Forewing with all the veins streaked wala white 50 00 05 60. 00 a6 oo Poyninlimad. (1) Eupnex1a inrermepi, Brem. Lep. Ost. Sib. p. 58 (1864). Auchmis sikkimensis, Moore, P.Z.S. 1867, p. 169, pl. 6, f. 15. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Amurland; Japan; India; Ceylon. Hp. 34-88 mill. (2)*HUPLEXIA MELANOLEUCA, N. sp. @. Head and thorax white slightly tinged with brown; palpi black at sides, the extremities of second and third joints white; frons at sides, antenne, tips of tegule and two patches on each patagium black; tarsi ringed with black; abdomen white, the dorsal crests black, lateral patches and dorsal and ventral patches on anal seoment black. Forewing white, the basal, costal, and postmedial areas suffused with smoky brown; a short black streak below base The Moths of South Africa. 285 of cell; a striga from costa close to base and a waved subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; an antemedial black line incurved and obsolescent in cell and angled inwards on vein 1; orbicular pale brown, elliptical, erect ; the medial shade black, oblique from costa to median nervure, then incurved and ending in a spot above vein 1; reniform smoky brown defined by black, very large and round; the postmedial line minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 8, then incurved, with some white on its outer edge towards inner margin and two black lunules before it above veins 5 and 6; three white points on postmedial part of costa; a curved minutely dentate indistinct subterminal line; a subapical black patch with a white spot on its inner edge; a K-like terminal mark on vein 5 and a lunule and patch on cilia below vein 2; a series of small terminal lunules. Hindwing white suffused with fuscous except towards termen; a fuscous postmedial line angled inwards in discal and sub- median folds; the tornus white with a black spot and patch on cilia below vein 2 and a lunule at tornus; a terminal waved line defined by white on inner. side; cilia white; the under side with black dis- coidal spot, curved postmedial line and black patches on cilia at apex and below vein 2. Hab. Natal. Hap. 50 mill. Type in Coll. Druce. (3) HupLexIA MELANOBASIS, 0. sp. 2. Head white; palpi except third jomt and antenne black ; tesule ferruginous brown; thorax and patagia white with black spots at base of patagia and patches on metathorax; pectus and legs black and white; abdomen white irrorated with black and with dorsal black bands. Forewing with the basal area black extending to near one-half of wing down to submedian fold, below that to one- third, a white and olive-brown mark at base of costa; medial area broadly suffused with white; the reniform black with a white mark on it and rather quadrate in shape, some blackish marks on costa above it; terminal area fuscous with a quadrate black patch on costa before apex; a spot on vein 5 and a large patch at tornus defined by white on inner side. Hindwing fuscous black; cilia of both wings chequered black and white. Hab. Natal, Mooi River. Hap. 384 mill. Type in B.M. (4) Hupnexia satpanua, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 6 (1874). Hab. Transvaal, Johannesburg (Distant); Natal, Hstcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Knysna. Hap. 36 mill. 286 (5) (6) (7) (10) (11) (12) (18) Annals of the South African Museum. Kuptexia auGens, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 5 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Knysna, Capetown. Hap. 34 mill. Hupbexia amaranta, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 8 (1874). Hab. Natal, Durban (Burrows). Hap. 36 mill. HKupiexta tucra, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 109, f. 16 (1874). Hab. British Hast Africa, Uganda Railway ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen), Trans- kei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 44-46 mill. Hupiexta ateoa, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 102, f. 21 (1874). Hab. Natal, Durban (Bowker); Cape Colony, Knysna. Hap. 30 mill. HurpLexta consummata, WIk. x1. 591 (1857). Hadena confundens, Wik. xi. 757 (1857). Mamestra thoracica, Wk. xv. 1684 (1858). Xylina breviuscula, W1k. xv. 1735 (1858). Apamea connivens, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 109, f. 27 (1874). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius), Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett); India. Hap. 36 mill. Kupnexia Exsiccata, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 169 (1860). Hadena instructa, W1k. xxxiii. 733 (1865). nA rubrescens, Wlk. xxxiil. 783 (1865). Hab. Cape Colony (Trimen), Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 34 mill. HurLexia ampicua, Wlk. xv. 1727 (1858). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius). Hap. 26 mill. HupLexia AFricana, Schaus and Clem. Lep. Sierra Leone, p. 33, pl. 2, f. 10 (1898). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 36 mill. Kuenexia capensis, Guen. Noct. 1, p. 218 (1852). Perigea sutor, Guen. Noct. 1, p. 231 (1852). Caradrina conducta, Wlk. x. 296 (1856). Hadena pauperata, Wk. xv. 1727 (1858). Perigea inewacta, Wk. xxxii. 682 (1865). The Moths of South Africa. 287 Hab. Neotropical region; West Africa; Aden; Sokotra; British Kast Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Hst- court (Hutchinson); China; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans; Java; Fiji. Hap. 86-38 mill. (14) Hupiexia ruprininga, WIk. xi. 507 (1857). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius). Hap. 34 mill. AvctroruM. Amphia subunita, Guen. Noct. 1, p. 224 (1852) Se woe Way Pree Cape Colony. Hadena_ fusifasciata, Wlk. xxxil. 731 (ISG) iby peel Ocie eaten ees ere OU MeAuEIGar Hadena mamestroides, Wlk. xxxili. 732 (GISGS) ay perl stnieess eens ess neee een OULIapATrICa: Genus MAGUSA. Type. Miag usa Nicaea O2N(S 5) mes enon tee eee Sentguyicna. Maeusa tENEBROSA, Moore, P.Z.S. 1867, p. 59. Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 226. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett); Madagascar; India; Ceylon. Hap. 36-42 mill. Genus SPODOPTERA. Type. Spodoptera, Guen. Noct. i. p. 153 (1852)... ... mauritia. Sect. I. Palpi with the third joint long and porrect. (1) SpopopTERA ADELA, 0. sp. g. Head and thorax pale reddish brown mixed with grey and black ; palpi blackish at sides, tegule with black medial line; pectus and legs white, the latter irrorated with pink and black, the tarsi ringed with black; abdomen whitish tinged with brown and irrorated with black. Forewing grey suffused with brown; subbasal and ante- medial lines double, black filled in with grey, the former interrupted and angled in cell, the latter waved, angled outwards below costa and more strongly in submedian fold and above inner margin and inwards on vein1; claviform large, conjoined to the orbicular and 26 288 Annals of the South African Museum. defined by black; orbicular and reniform with grey annulus defined by black; the postmedial line black defined by grey on outer side, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa and oblique below vein 8; an indistinct sinuous subterminal line and ereyish apical patch. Hindwing semihyaline white, the veins and apical area to vein 2 fuscous brown. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Hap. 80 mill. Type in B.M. Sect. II. Palpi with the third joint short and upturned. (2) Spopoptrra mauritia, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Madag. Lep. p. 92 (1833). Hab. West Africa; Aden; Sokotra; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal (Gooch, Wilkinson); Durban (Leigh) ; Cape Colony, Grahamstown, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett) ; Mauritius ; throughout the Oriental and Australian regions. Hap. 34- 44 mill. Genus PRODENIA. Type. Prodenia, Guen. Noct. i. p. 159 (1852) ... ... littoralis. A. Forewing with the lines pale .. .. Becht Wark seat mL ELEONGLUSS B. Forewing with the linesdark .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Jeucophlebia. (1) Propenta urrroratis, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Madag. Lep. p. 91, ple tote on @lSao) Moore) WepeuCey lenin pl ela Gretanlenarmoe (larva). Hab. Mediterranean subregion and throughout the tropical and subtropical zones of the Old World; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Malvern (Marshall), Durban (Leigh). Hap. 30-45 mill. (2) PRoDENIA LEUCOPHLEBIA, 0. Sp. 3S. Head and thorax dark brown and black; abdomen whitish slightly tinged with fuscous, the ventral surface fuscous, the anal tuft ochreous. Forewing black suffused with leaden grey; an indis- tinct antemedial leaden-grey line bent outwards below costa and excurved below cell; the orbicular ochreous white, oblique; the reniform leaden grey with ochreous white edge; the claviform black ; the median nervure beyond the antemedial line, vein 2 to the post- medial line streaked with ochreous white and the bases of veins 3-4 with pure white ; the postmedial line black, minutely waved, sinuous, The Moths of South Africa. 289 and incurved below vein 3; a subterminal series of dentate black spots with ochreous points on their inner edge; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing pure white, the costal area and a fine terminal line or series of points on apical half fuscous. Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Hap. 84 mill. Type in B.M. Gunus ACRONYCTA. Type. Acronicta, Ochs. Kur. Schmett. iv. p. 62 (1816) leporina. A. Forewing with the subterminal line strongly angled inwards in submedian fold .. .. . co 60} ARBIOPNA. B. Forewing with the -jastianadbel fae pet pacled ‘amen in sub- mnoilionn WO! “Se "65 ac Poa > Be pe) 6d da Gd) ob. joa) ao. WIOROGI ANG. (1) Acronycra exTERNA, W1k. xi. 756 (1857). Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 84 mill. (2) Acronycta paraGrapna, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 100, f. 8 (1874). Hab. Madagascar; Cape Colony, Knysna. Hap. 44 mill. Genus BRYOPHILA. : Type. Bryophila, Treitschke, Kur. Schmett. v. pl. 1, ERO CLO AO) Mater: eee tse eet ey ve Uelis, Tambia, Wik. xxvii. 109 (1863) ... ... ... ... ‘imferalis. A. Forewing with the ground colour green.. .. I NToNNTIZCLCTLOG ONG B. Forewing with the ground colour pale grey- oe oo on so CMeconrit, C. Forewing with the ground colour blackish .. .. .. .. .. inferalis. D. Forewing with the ground colour white... .. .. .. .. .. melanoleucua. (1) BryopHina MELANOCHLORA, N. sp. g. Head and thorax sap-green; palpi banded black and white; antenne brown; tegule at sides and patagia with black stripes; pectus and legs white irrorated with brown, the tibie and tarsi banded with red and black; abdomen brown, the ventral surface white irrorated with brown. Forewing sap-green irrorated with black scales ; a black fascia from base of costa to the postmedial line interrupted in places; some black strigee from costa; an obscure strongly waved double antemedial line; the orbicular and reniform hardly traceable; the postmedial line double, strongly bent outwards below costa, curved to vein 4, then incurved and its inner line deep 290 Annals of the South African Museum. black and minutely dentate; an oblique black shade from apex and a fascia above vein 4 from postmedial line to termen; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing black-brown; cilia pale at base and below middle. Under side of both wings with some dark red on costal area; hindwing with discoidal spot and highly dentate post- medial line. Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Durban (G. F. Leigh). Hap. 34 mill. Type in B.M. . (2)*Bryopuita inpEcorA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 1 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Cape Town. Hap. 30 mill. (3) Bryopuina inFERaLIS, W1k. xxvii. 109 (1868). Hab. Natal, Durban (Gueinzius, Gooch). Hap. 32 mill. (4) BryopHILA MELANOLEUGA, 0. Sp. ?. Head and thorax white; palpi except at extremity, sides of frons, and the tips of patagia and metathoracic crest black; legs black and white; abdomen irrorated with brown scales, the ventral surface with black patch before extremity. Forewing white, the base of costa and inner margin black with fulvous spots below costa and cell; an antemedial black band, its inner edge angled outwards in cell, its outer slightly in cell and strongly below the cell; three black spots on medial part of costa, the middle one larger, quadrate; a black annulus in end of cell with discoidal bar beyond it; a diffused — band of fulvous scales from lower angle of cell to inner margin; an oblique black band from costa before apex to vein 6 with a large diffused fuscous patch between it and an oblique black band from vein 2 to tornus; some fuscous marks on termen and a terminal series of black striz ; cilia intersected with black. Hindwing white suffused with black except towards base; the cilia white; the under side white irrorated with black with sinuous postmedial line and traces of subterminal line. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 26 mill. Type in B.M. Genus AMYNA. Type. Amyna, Guen. Noct. i. p. 406 (1852) ... ... selenampha. Jennie, NNIcs seyyils AOS. (UUGIIS))) Goa sea aun con | OUT Sect. I. (Ilattia). Forewing of male with a fovea in cell covered on under side by a scale fan, The Moths of South Africa. 291 (1) Amyna ocro, Guen. Noct. i. p. 233 (1852). Perigea vewxabilis, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 148 (1863). Erastria bavia, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 37 (1874). Amyna undulifera, Bull. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 408 (1875). Hab. Neotropical region; West Africa; British East Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal (Burrows); Cape Colony; Aden; Japan; China; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans; Borneo; Christmas Island; Pacific groups. Hap. 20-30 mill. Sect. II. (Amyna). Forewing without fovea and scale-fan in cell. (2) Amyna seLENAMPHA, Guen. Noct. i. p. 406 (1852). Hama latipennis, Wigrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 169 (1860). Perigea trivenifica, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 148 (1868). urba, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 148 (18638). ., natalensis, Wllgrn. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl. v. 4, p. 55 (1866). Hab. Sokotra; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Damaraland; Transvaal (Ross); Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Durban (Leigh) ; Cape Colony, Caffraria; Madagascar; China; India; Ceylon; Andamans; Borneo; Java; Christmas Island. Hap. 380- 36 mill. Genus MATOPO. Type. Matopo, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 227 (1898)... ... typtca. A. Forewing with elongate, black-edged claviform stigma MCL Duca B. Forewing without claviform stigma .. .. .. .. «. «. «. nigrivittata. (1) Maropo rypica, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 227 (1898). Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant); Cape Colony, Annshaw, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Map. 88 mill. (2) Maropro niGRIVITTATA, N. sp. $. Head and thorax grey, brown, and black; abdomen grey and brown above, black below. Forewing pale brown, the costal area fuscous irrorated with grey scales; the veins black irrorated with white; orbicular small, whitish, defined by black with a white point beyond it on median nervure; a whitish streak in discal fold from orbicular to termen dividing in two the white reniform, and with a wedge-shaped black patch below it between veins 5 and 2 from the 292 Annals of the South African Museum. orbicular to termen; some white marks on termen; cilie black intersected with white. Hindwing fuscous, the inner area paler. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 30 mill. Type in B.M. Genus CHARIDEA. Type. Charidea, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 60 (1852) ... elegantissima. Sect. I. Antenne of male bipectinate with branches of moderate length. (1) Cuaripea ELEGANTISsIMA, Guen. Noct. 1. p. 61 (1852). Dianthacia botonga, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 109, f. 28 (1874). Hab. Portuguese East Africa; Cape Colony, Cape Town. /ap. 38 mill. Sect. II. Antenne of male with very short branches. A. Forewing purplish red .. ..°.. . .- vinosa. B. Forewing with the inner half easels, fing Conta half oohne eous.. .. divisa. (2) CHarIDEA VINOSA, N. sp. $. Head and thorax purple-red; tarsi brown with pale rings; abdomen yellowish white, the ventral surface tinged with purple-red. Forewing purplish red, irrorated with white scales; the orbicular and reniform ochreous surrounded by white points; a double curved postmedial series of white points and a series just before termen. Hindwing yellowish white; the cilia at apex tinged with pink. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 26 mill. Type in B.M. (3) CHaRIDEA DIVISA, 0. sp. Head and thorax fuscous black; abdomen whitish tinged with fuscous. Forewing with the inner half fuscous black, the costal half ochreous tinged with rufous towards costa and with fuscous towards apex; the veins of costal area dark; the claviform very elongate defined by a fine black line; fine white and black streaks in the cell ; the orbicular obsolete; the reniform small, hardly visible on the ochreous area, brownish with white outline on the black area; the interspaces of terminal area with white and black streaks. Hindwing pale brownish tinged with fuscous. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F’. Barrett). Hap. 86 mill. Type in B.M. The Moths of South Africa. 293 Sect. III. Antenne of male minutely serrate and fasciculate. A. Forewing ochreous, the area towards tornus bluish grey een OULUE CE B. Forewing bluish grey suffused with brown. a. Forewing with oblique reniform conjoined to the grey costal area Mice nctsr steel ats) | Seri hr | eee irae) Warecaen ler) wlan CEUCOSOMA. b. Forewing with white discoidal point on an elongate black patch Jleuwcopis. (4) CHarRIDEA cCAUTA, Nn. Sp. Head and tegule reddish, palpi, frons, and legs tinged with fus- cous; thorax pale ochreous, the tufts mixed with black; abdomen ochreous white, the ventral surface tinged with rufous. Forewing pale ochreous; the costal area tinged with white, pinkish, and brown ; the veins irrorated with dark scales; the reniform represented by a white spot at lower angle of cell; the area towards tornus bluish grey, its upper edge running obliquely from below apex to lower angle of cell; vein 4 defined by white streaks and with bright rufous streaks above it on the grey area. Hindwing yellowish white, tinged with brown towards termen and costa; in female largely tinged with fuscous. Hab. West Africa, Nigeria; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Malvern (Marshall), Durban (Bowker); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F’. Barrett). Hap. 30 mill. Type in B.M. (5) CuaripEa teucosoma, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 109, f. 81 (1874). Dargida graminicolens, Bull. A.M.N.H (5) il. p. 295 (1878) Hab. Madagascar; Natal, Mooi River. Hap. 34 mill. (6) CuarIpEA LEUCOPIS, 0. sp. ?. Head and thorax grey-brown; abdomen grey strongly irro- rated with brown. Forewing bluish grey strongly tinged with brown; some black points on costa and some pale points towards apex; a black streak from base in submedian fold to the indistinct pale sinuous antemedial line; the claviform black with a fine streak from its outer edge; a slight black streak in middle of cell; an elongate black mark in and beyond end of cell with a pure white discoidal spot on it; the postmedial line very indistinct, dark, minutely dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 38, then incurved; an indistinct irregularly waved subterminal line; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing brownish with whitish streaks in and below cell; the under side with discoidal black point. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 34 mill. Type in B.M. 294 Annals of the South African Museum. AUCTORUM. Gortyna trinota, Herr Schaff. Lep. Exot. f. 126 ee ee ey) tes Rose SOU UA A VAIO, Genus DIPAROPSIS, nov. Proboscis moderately developed; palpi upturned, slender, the second joint reaching vertex of head and slightly fringed with hair in front, the third long; frons with corneous plate with rounded outer edge below it, and another with rather pointed outer edge at middle ; antenne of female bipectinate to apex with short branches; patagia very roughly scaled; metathorax with crest; tibiz some- what hairy; abdomen without crests. Forewing with the apex rectangular, the termen evenly rounded; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. *DIPAROPSIS CASTANEA, Nl. Sp. 2. Head and thorax pale reddish chestnut, the rough scales of patagia and metathoracic crest dark brown; abdomen ochreous white. Forewing pale reddish chestnut, with a wedge-shaped dark brown patch between the cell and vein 1 before the indistinct ante- medial line which is oblique from costa to below ceil; indistinct fine medial and postmedial lines excurved from costa to middle, then incurved, the latter greyish and with reddish brown suffusion between it and the similar subterminal line; cilia red-brown whitish at tips. Hindwing white tinged with ochreous especially towards termen. Under side whitish, forewing suffused with pale rufous especially towards termen. Hab. Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro). Hap. 30 mill. Type in Coll. Druce. Genus CONSERVULA. Type. Conservula, Grote Bull. Buff. Soc. 1. p. 17 (SUA eee st ovement ese.’ inal eemnanadantan A. Forewing with the ground colour pinkish Vevey iy iicroe le enctaect TILTON: B. Forewing with the ground colour bluish grey 50. 60 oo oc Janlleloorraimae (1) Conservuta minor, Holl. P.U.S. Mus. xviii. p. 258, pl. viii., f. 1 (1896). Hab. East Africa; Cape Colony. Hap. 40 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 295 (2) ConsERVULA PULCHERRIMA, Ni. sp. 3. Head and thorax bright rufous pencilled with ochreous; palpi white below; outer part of patagia and part of metathorax blue- grey; pectus and legs mostly white; abdomen fuscous above, white beneath, the anal tuft brownish. Forewing blue-grey; the area from base to reniform and down to vein 1 ochreous strongly irrorated with ferruginous; some whitish spots near base; a double waved ferrugi- nous antemedial line bent outwards and single below vein 1; orbicular and reniform with whitish spots on their edges; a curved ferruginous medial line; traces of a sinuous fuscous postmedial line; a small ochreous and ferruginous patch on costa beyond the medial line and a large patch towards apex traversed by a ferruginous line and with white spots on its outer edge; the subterminal line represented by some dark red points. Hindwing semihyaline white tinged with fuscous at apex. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 40 mill. Type in B.M. Genus SVINHGA. Type. Swinhea, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. 1. p. 324 (1894) vegeta. SvinHOEA VEGETA, Swinh. P.Z.8., 1885, p. 475, pl. 28, f. 14. Hab. Abyssinia; N’Gamiland (Lugard); Mashonaland, Salis- bury (Marshall); India, Ceylon, and Burma; New Guinea. Exp. 22-80 mill. Genus OVIOS. Type. Ovios, Wik. 111. 758 (1855)... ... ... ... ... capensis. Sect. I. Antennz of male bipectinate with short branches; the frontal pro- minence short. (1) Ovios capensis, Herr Schiff. Aussereur Schmett. ff. 115-116 (18538). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall); Cape Colony, Grahamstown. Exp. 82 mill. Sect. II. Antenne of male minutely serrate and ciliated ; the frontal prominence long. (2) Ovros auga, Roths. Nov. Zool. iv. p. 183 (1897). Hab. British Central Africa, Fort Johnson; Tropical South Africa (Eriksson). Hap. 48 mill. 296 Annals of the South African Musewmn. | Genus CONICOFRONTIA, nov. Proboscis aborted, minute; palpi porrect to just beyond the frons and fringed with long hair below; frons with conical prominence ; antennee of female ciliated; thorax and abdomen without crests. Forewing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from just below upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 obsolescent ; 6, 7 from upper angle. CoNICOFRONTIA SESAMOIDES, 2. Sp. ?. Head and thorax ochreous grey mixed with brown ; abdomen whitish with obscure fuscous bands. Forewing ochreous grey strongly irrorated with black; short subterminal black striz above veins 4, 5 with traces of others above and below them. Hindwing whitish suffused with fuscous. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 88 mill. Type in B.M. Genus SESAMIA. Type. Sesamia, Guen. Noct. 1. p. 95 (1852) eet ices ueetentan Sect. I. Antenne of male bipectinate with short branches. A. Forewing fuscous. a. Forewing with ante- and post-medial lines .. .. .. .. .. fused. b. Forewing without transverse lines... .. .. .. «.. .. «.. albipuncta. B. Forewing ochreous, without lines. a. Forewing tinged with rufous, the veins pale a6 46 00 oo Nira b. Forewing ochreous white irrorated with black .. .. .. .. coniota. (1) Sesamia Fusca, 0. sp. Head and thorax black-brown ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with black; tarsi with pale rings. Forewing brown strongly tinged with black; traces of a black antemedial line angled outwards below cell; orbicular and reniform indistinct with black outlines; a minutely crenulate postmedial line excurved from costa to vein 3, then oblique ; an oblique subterminal series of dentate black spots with more or less prominent ochreous line on their outer edge; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing ochreous more or less completely suffused with fuscous; a slight discoidal lunule and traces of a curved post- medial series of dark points. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss I’. Barrett). Hap. 3 36, 2 40 mill. Type in B.M. The Moths of South Africa. 297 (2) SESaMIA ALBIPUNOCTA, N. sp. dé. Fuscous brown; vertex of head rather pale; palpi black at sides; pectus, streaks on legs and ventral surface of abdomen blackish. Forewing with white discoidal point. Hindwing some- what paler brown. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 80 mill. Type in B.M. (3) Susamra vurerta, Stoll. Suppl. Cram. Pap. Exot. (De BG, iB (1783). Cossus nonayriotdes, Lef. Ann. 8. Linn. Paris, 1827, p. 98, pl. 5. Leucania incerta, WIk. ix. 103 (1856). a mferens, W1k. ix. 105 (1856). - proscripta, Wlk. ix. 106 (1856). Nonayria intestata, W1k. ix. 130 (1856). Sesamia fraterna, Moore, Lep. Alk. p. 108 (1879). Hab. Southern Europe; Japan; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Borneo; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal (Gooch); Cape Colony (Dr. A. Smith). Hap. 82-88 mill. (4) SEsamia contora, n. sp. Ochreous white. Forewing irrorated with black scales aggregated to form points below middle of cell, base of vein 2 and beyond the cell in discal fold. flab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 20-22 will. Type in B.M. Sect. II. Antenne of male ciliated. A. Forewing with the ground colour pink or pinkish. a. Forewing without black point in lower angle of cell... .. .. tenioleuca. b. Forewing with black point in lower angle of cell -- -- «. albivena. B. Forewing with the ground colour ochreous. a. Forewing with terminal series of black points .. .. .. .. epunctifera. b. Forewing without terminal series of points.. .. .. .. .. Jlavescens. (5) Susamra ranronuuca, Wllgrn. Svensk. Akad. Handl. vy. 4, p. 58 (1866). Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Damaraland, Kuisip. Hap. 34 mill. (6) SESAMIA ALBIVENA, Nn. sp. Head and thorax ochreous white, the thorax tinged with pink ; palpi and forelegs fuscous; abdomen white. Forewing pale flesh pink; the veins whitish; a fuscous streak along median nervure from 298 Annals of the South African Museum. near base to near termen; a black point in lower angle of cell; some specimens with traces of a black point below the cell before middle, and of a curved subterminal series; cilia with pale line at base, then pinkish with three brown lines through them. Hindwing white tinged with brownish, ochreous towards costa and termen. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hap. 80-34 mill. (7) SESAMIA EPUNCTIFERA, N. Sp. g. Ochreous; palpi blackish; head and thorax mixed with brown; abdomen whitish tinged with fuscous. Forewing thickly irrorated with black and tinged with brown especially on terminal area; the veins whitish; a black point beyond the cell above vein 5 ; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing white tinged with ochreous towards termen. @. Abdomen whiter; forewing slightly irrorated with black; an antemedial black point below the cell and traces of a curved post- medial series of points from vein 5 to submedian fold. Hab. British East Africa, Athi-ya-Mawe (Betton); Cape Colne Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (S) SESAMIA FLAVESCENS, 0. Sp. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous white; palpi and legs brownish. Forewing pale yellow, slightly tinged with pink towards costa; the median nervure, the veins rising from it and vein 1 white with some fuscous scales, the former with slight fuscous suffusion towards and beyond end of cell. pn ne ochreous white tinged with fuscous. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 26 mill. Type in B.M. AvcToRUM. Simyra capillata, Wligrn. Gifv. Vet. Akad. [ptr WETS, js WO aco coo ano 098 don Manning. Genus LEOCYMA. Type. Leocyma, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 212 (1852) ... ... tibialis. Leocyma tipraLis, Fabr. Syst. Hint. p. 578 (1775). Hab. Mashonaland, Umcheke Road (Marshall) ; Natal, Durban (Leigh); India; Formosa; New Ireland; Tahiti; Tonga. Hap. 36-44 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 299 Genus LOPHOTARSIA, nov. Proboscis fully developed; palpi obliquely upturned to just beyond the frons which is rounded; antenne of male nearly simple; thorax and abdomen without crests ; tibiee and first joint of tarsi with tufts of rough scales on upper side; anal segment of abdomen long. Fore- wing very narrow, the termen short, rounded; vein 8 from well before angle of cell; 4, 5 from angle; 6 from below upper angle; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked; 11 free. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 stalked; 5 obsolescent from just below angle of discocellulars; 6, 7 stalked ; 8 arising free, then anastomosing with cell to middle. LopHOTARSIA OCHROPROCTA, N. sp. 3. Head ochreous and red-brown; tegule ochreous and red- brown at base, then with deep brown band and the tips grey ; thorax grey with ochreous scales on metathorax; pectus ochreous; fore cox rufous, the legs grey with the first joint of tarsi black; abdomen ochreous, dorsally blackish except anal segment, which has lateral blackish streaks, the first two segments with ventral rufous stripe. Forewing grey, the costal area tinged with ochreous; a cupreous reddish tinge along vein 1 and as an ill-defined postmedial band; some black on inner margin near base and a subbasal black line: some black marks on costa and a few scales below middle of cell ; the reniform defined by black; some black scales forming traces of a postmedial line with slight streaks on the veins beyond it. Hind- wing semihyaline white, the costal area irrorated with black; some black points on termen towards apex. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hap. 84 mill. Type in B.M. Genus CARADRINA. Type. Caradrina, Ochs. Schmett. Eur. iv. p. 80 (GUSHIG) erties Ve Le ey mai a eck Sect. I. Antenne of male bipectinate. A. Forewing cupreous red-brown, the orbicular and reniform white Rumnound comb yawiibe;pomtst san oy. har ek alee eee ee cupricolor. B. Forewing obscure brown, the reniform with white point .. .. micra. (1) CarapRINA CUPRICOLOR, N. sp. 3. Head and thorax cupreous red-brown; antenns, hind legs, and abdomen ochreous, Forewing cupreous red-brown; faint traces 300 Annals of the South African Musewm. of a sinuous antemedial dark line; a more distinct postmedial line excurved beyond cell; the orbicular and reniform white surrounded by white points. Hindwing white slightly tinged with ochreous towards termen. Hab. Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro). Hap. 22 mill. Type in B.M. (2) CARADRINA MICRA, N. Sp. Dull brown. Forewing with faint traces of a sinuous antemedial line; a rather more distinct waved postmedial line strongly excurved beyond the cell; the reniform represented by a white point: a ter- minal series of dark points. Hindwing white; the costal area suffused with brown. Ab. 1. The whole hindwing suffused with brown. Hab. Natal, Durban (Bowker). Hap. 9 22, 2 26 mill. Type in B.M. Sect. II. Antenne of male serrate and fasciculate. A. Forewing grey-brown. a. Forewing with ane orbicular stigma whitish and well de- veloped 50 6 abyssinia. b. Forewing with the onlRontlen oni weenitionsin wibhierh its etone centres, the former minute .. .. - ee ee §=6Ufipuncta. c. Forewing with the orbicular stigma feeconet saints -. «- microtera. 18; IMonenuam Clava, mewllroia oo oo 66 5a 60 60 00 90 00 «wANeioneKe. (8) CarapRina apyssinia, Guen. Noct. 1. p. 154 (1852). . insignata, Wik. x. 295 (1856). Laphygma obliterans, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soe. (8) i. p. 87 (1862). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Niger River; Abyssinia; Natal (Gooch); Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen); Rodrigues; Persia. Hap. 30 mill. (4) CaRaDRINA RUFIPUNCTA, 0. sp. 3g. Head and thorax grey; palpi black at sides, white towards tips; abdomen white tinged and irrorated with brown. Forewing pale brownish grey, irrorated with a few black scales; the orbicular and reniform small whitish with rufous centres; faint traces of curved antemedial and medial lines; the postmedial line rather more distinct, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 3, then incurved and with a series of minute dentate black marks beyond it; a more distinct sinuous subterminal line. Hindwing pale fuscous brown. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 26 mill. Type in B.M, The Moths of South Africa. 301 (5) CaRADRINA MICROTERA, 0. Sp. 3. Grey-brown; palpi with the second joint black at sides. Forewing with highly waved fine black antemedial line; the orbicular and reniform small, dark; the postmedial line strongly bent outwards below costa, then dentate, incurved below vein 3; traces of an irregular subterminal line; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing white, the terminal area tinged with fuscous, broadly towards costa. 2. Hindwing with the apical area only suffused with fuscous. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 24 mill. Type in-B.M. (6) CaRaDRINA TENEBRATA, Nl. Sp. Dark red-brown. Forewing with short subbasal line; two waved antemedial lines; the reniform small, indistinct, chestnut; two post- medial lines bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 8; an indistinct sinuous subterminal line. Hindwing paler towards base; an indistinct discoidal lunule; a fine ochreous line at base of cilia; under side with black discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Hap. 28 mill. Type in B.M. Sect. III. Antenne of male ciliated. A. Abdomen of male with lateral tufts of long hair from base. (7) Caraprina arrosienata, Wlk. xxxiii. 747 (1865). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius), Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Trans- kei (Miss F’. Barrett). Hap. 88 mill. B. Abdomen of male without lateral tufts of hair. a. Forewing with the reniform white. a, Forewing with the reniform surrounded by white WOMANS S56 Aoioe Habs fon BOG.) OG) FONMcso Fturan pen memes mnSTeH Hier b1. Forewing without white points round the reniform.. «lbirena. b. Forewing with the reniform not white. a. Forewing with the orbicular pale. a*, Forewing with the orbicular rounded .. .. .. ewigua. b?. Forewing with the orbicular oblique elliptical .. orbicularis. bl. Forewing with the orbicular dark. a*. Forewing pale grey-brown. a’. Forewing with the reniform not black. a‘, Forewing with black points on costa .. quadripunctata. b1, Forewing without black points on costa .. partita, 302 Annals of the South African Museum. b8. Forewing with the reniform black. a+. Hindwing brown. a. Forewing with black spots on inner side of subterminal line; the reniform Obsolescemun aun -. .. Mmelanosticta. b>. Forewing Port piece SOE on inner side of subter- minal line; the reniform large, prominent. a’. Forewing with black orbicular SHENAE, Go oc Senn eCLUSORUCTIS. v8. Forewing spina or ‘bowie stigma atrirena. (i lating Wine so co 60 Go so oo MleMedhitin b2. Forewing dark fuscous grey. a. Forewing with the reniform black or deep rufous with pale outline .. .. «- «- Capicola. b3. Forewing with the reniform without eile outline. as. Fonemine with terminal series of black points. . Forewing without dark suffusion before the postmedial line .. .. so. co GUAGE b°. Forewing with dark snilinston before the postmedial line, ee! on immer area... .. -- e- transversa. b+. Forewing without fennel series of black points. a. Hindwing with curved dark postmedial WM oo ¢ .. .- pallicornis. Eanes ion postiadiel Tine! . Hindwing white, the apical area tinged with fuscous .. .. .. .. xantholopha. a®’ Hindwing tinged with fuscous brown especially on terminal area smintha. (8) CaRADRINA SATELLITIA, N. sp. ?. Greyish brown; head whitish; palpi black above; tarsi black ringed with white. Forewing with white points on costa at the lines; white points in cell before and at middle; the reniform white surrounded by white points; a short dark subbasal line; a waved antemedial line; the postmedial line crenulate, strongly bent outwards below costa and incurved below vein 8; a sinuous subter- minal line; a terminal series of pale and dark points. Hindwing pale strongly suffused with brown, the inner area paler; the cilia ochreous at tips except towards apex. Hab. Delagoa Bay (H. Junod); Natal, Victoria District (Gooch), Durban (Leigh). Hap. 82 mill. Type in B.M. (9) CaRADRINA ALBIRENA, Nl. Sp. g. Fuscous black slightly mixed with ochreous. Forewing with indistinct waved whitish antemedial line; the reniform white with yellowish mark on it, outlined with black and with white mark above it on costa; faint traces of a pale sinuous postmedial line excurved The Moths of South Africa. 303 beyond the cell; a white point on costa before apex and another above tornus. Hindwing pale, suffused with fuscous especially on terminal area; a slight dark discoidal spot. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; N’Gamiland (Lugard). Lixp. 20 mill. Type in B.M. (10) Caraprina Exicua, Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett. Noct. fig. 362 (1827). Laphygma cycloides, Guen. Noct. i. p. 157 (1852). a caradrinoides, W1k. ix. 190 (1856). Hab. Almost universally distributed; N’Gamiland (Lugard) Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Durban. Hp. 26-32 mill. (11) CaRADRINA ORBICULARIS, WIk. x. 294 (1856). A preterita, Wik. x. 294 (1856). Laphygma imperviata, Wik. xxxii. 651 (1865). Hab. Socotra; British East Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Cape Colony (Dr. A. Smith), Knysna (Trimen). Hp. 32 mill. (12) CaRADRINA QUADRIPUNCTATA, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 594 (1775). _ excisa, Herr.-Schaff. Lep. Exot. fig. 129 (1850), var. > pulverosa, Wik. x. 295 (1856). ” huegeli, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 109, f. 13 (1874). Ke pervicax, Wllgrn. Ofv. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1875, p- 107 Hab. Europe; British East Africa, Machakos ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal; Natal, Estcourt (Hutch- inson); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett) ; India ; Ceylon. Hzp. 30 mill. (13) CarapRiIna PARTITA, WIk. x. 294 (1856). 9 obtusa, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. viii. p. 79, pl. 145, f. 6 (1891). Hab. West Africa, Congo; Sokotra; N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Natal (Gooch); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F’. Barrett) ; Southern India; Burma. Hzp. g 28, ? 30 mill. (14) CaraADRINA MELANOsTIcTA, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. B.M. viii. p. 79, pl. 145, f. 13 (1891). Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh); Southern India. Hap. 28 mill. (15) CARADRINA ABSORBENS, WIk. x. 403 (1856). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Hap. 36 mill. 27 304 Annals of the South African Museum. (16) CaARADRINA ATRIRENA, 0. Sp. $. Grey-brown; palpi blackish at sides; tibize and tarsi blackish with pale bands. Forewing irrorated with black ; a subbasal black point on costa with traces of a short line from it; a sinuous ante- medial line arising from a black point on costa; a black discoidal lunule on the medial line which is oblique towards costa and angled inwards in submedian fold ; a crenulate postmedial line bent outwards below costa and incurved to near the medial line below vein 3; an obscure irregularly sinuous subterminal line with darker patch on costa; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing sutfused with fuscous towards termen ; base of cilia ochreous; the under side with discoidal lunule and curved postmedial line. Hab. Cape Colony, Worcester District. Hap. 32 mill. Type in B.M. (17) Caraprina InpicaTa, WIk. x. 299 (1856). Hab. St. Helena; British East Africa, Machakos ; Matabele- land, Gwelo River (Oates). Hap. 26 mill. (18) CarapRina capicona, Herr.-Schaff. Lep. Exot. f. 131 (1850). Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F’. Barrett). Hap. 26 mill. (19) CARADRINA GLAUCA, 0. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with dark fuscous brown ; palpi black at sides. Forewing grey irrorated with black; a short subbasal line; a strongly waved black antemedial line; the orbicular and reniform distinct, black ; a crenulate black postmedial line bent outwards below costa and somewhat incurved below vein 3, the lines with some whitish scales on each side of them; a sinuous grey sub- terminal line; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing white, the costal area and a terminal line fuscous brown; female with the hindwing largely suffused with fuscous. Hab. British East Africa, Machakos (Crawshay) ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Mooi River. Hap. 30 mill. (20) CARADRINA TRANSVERSA, Moore, IbGyoy ties Joy Gy, joll, 44 i, S (1879). Hab. Nigeria, Yelwa Lake; Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall) ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett); India; Ceylon. Hap. 32 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 305 (21) CARADRINA PALLICORNIS, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 109, f. 20 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Knysna (Trimen). Hzp. 36 mill. (22) CARADRINA XANTHOLOPHA, ND. Sp. Head and thorax clothed with fuscous, reddish brown, and grey scales; palpi black, whitish at tips; tibiae of male fringed with ochreous hair; abdomen pale irrorated with fuscous, the genital tufts of male pale yellow. Forewing reddish brown irrorated with fuscous, the costal and terminal areas suffused with greyish fuscous ; an indistinct waved antemedial line bent inwards to costa ; orbicular a black point; reniform indistinctly defined by black; postmedial line indistinct, waved, bent outwards beyond the cell; traces of a waved subterminal line; a terminal series of black points. Hind- wing yellowish semihyaline white, the costal area tinged with fuscous. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 28-32 mill. Type in B.M. (23) CARADRINA SMINTHA, 0. sp. Head and thorax obscure grey-brown; palpi blackish at sides ; abdomen ochreous irrorated with brown\in male, grey-brown in female. Forewing dull grey-brown; traces of a waved subbasal line; an indistinct waved antemedial line; orbicular and reniform outlined by a few black scales, the latter placed on an obscure waved medial shade ; an indistinct crenulate postmedial line, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 3, then oblique; traces of a sinuous subterminal line. Hindwing yellowish white suffused with brown especially on the veins and costal area, more completely suffused in female. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hzxp. 30-36 mill. Type in B.M. AUCTORUM. Caradrina singula, Moschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxil. p. 292, pl. xvi., tte, (SUSIE) 7 eos eee eae ees Caradrina orbata, Moschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxili. p. 293, pl. xvi. f. 7 (1883) ESSE BESE SON Fo Caradrina murcida, Wligrn. Ofv. Vet. Mkadekiorn L870} py lO 1s. ein Pix) “lransvaale Cape Colony. Cape Colony. 306 Annals of the South African Museum. Genus ACRAPEX. Type. Acrapex, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 286 (1894) .... prisca. A. Forewing with the ground colour fuscous .. .. .. .. «.. Jeucophlebia. Forewing with the ground colour pinkish. a. Forewing with straight white fascia in discalfold .. .. .. «nigma. b. Forewing with the white fascia curved upwards beyond the cell fee Ueledn ove ab eleaees Gey eecane gchos 1 ave ie taet Uc alee Moy omen CLUUCLLCLS (1) AcRAPEX LEUCOPHLEBIA, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 287 (1894). Hab, Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Estcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Gooch, Bowker) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 22-31 mill. (2) AcrapEx mnicMA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 47 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 26- 28 mill. (3) ACRAPEX CURVATA, 0. sp. Head and thorax white tinged with pale brown; abdomen white. Forewing white tinged with pink; the veins white; a white fascia above median nervure curved up towards apex beyond the cell and defined by fuscous suffusion below it; a fine dark terminal line. Hindwing yellowish white with fine brownish terminal line. Hab. British East Africa, Muani (Betton); Matabeleland, Gwelo River (Oates). Hap. 36 mill. Sus-Faminry EUTELIANZ. Genus HUTELIA. Type. Ewtelia, Htbn. Verz. p. 259 (1827)... ... adulatrix. Phlegetonia, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 801 (1852) catephiordes. Pacidara, Wik. xxxili. 831 (1865) ... ... venustessima. Colpocheilopteryx, Wllgrn. Svensk. Akad. } and vad ips on (S66). ae. 25.) ee Openaunca Sect. I. Antenne of male bipectinate with the apical half simple. A. Fore tibia of male tufted with hair, mid tibie and tarsi with immense tufts, hind tibiz with slight tufts; abdomen with lateral tufts of long spatulate hairs, the anal tufts very long; forewing with the termen angled at vein 3. The Moths of South Africa. 307 (1) Hurenia venustissima, W1k. xxxiii. 831 (1865). Hab. West Africa, Niger; Natal (Gueinzius, Gooch). Huxp. 56-64 mill. B. Tibis and tarsi without large tufts of hair. (2) Hurenia nistRio, Saalm. Lep. Mad. p. 386 (1891). Hab. Natal (Gooch); Madagascar. Hap. 30 mill. Sect. II. Antenne of male bipectinate with very short fasciculate branches to apex. (3) HurELIA RIVATA, nN. sp. Grey-brown ; palpi with black spot at base; abdomen with fine pale subdorsal streaks and segmental lines on basal segments. Fore- wing with highly curved grey antemedial line defined by dark brown oneach side and intersected in cell bya pale wedge-shaped fascia which extends to the reniform which is pale-edged and lunulate ; the median nervure, bases of veins 2, 3, 4, and medial part of vein 1 pale-streaked ; the postmedial line pale defined by dark brown on inner side, outwardy oblique from costa to vein 6 where it is sharply angled, then inwardly oblique and sinuous ; a whitish subterminal line angled outwards to termen on vein 6 then inwards on vein 5, then excurved and straight towards tornus. Hindwing with the basal half whitish; a pale sinuous subterminal line ; a ferruginous mark at tornus ; both wings with fine pale line at base of cilia; under side with prominent black discoidal spot and postmedial line angled outwards at vein 6. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch), Durban (Bowker). Exp. 38 mill. Type in B.M. Sect. III. (Hutelia). Antenne of male serrate and fasciculate. A. Forewing with the antemedial line oblique .._ .. OGIO NTS: B. Forewing with the antemedial line excurved at aati. a. Forewing with the ground colour ochreous .. .. .. .. callichroma. b. Forewing with the ground colour olive-grey .. .. .. .. amatrix. c. Forewing with the ground colour dark brown -. «. «. catephioides. (4) Hurenia ocunanris, Saalm. Lep. Mad. p. 388, f. 202 (1891). Hab. West Africa, Old Calabar, Nigeria ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F’. Barrett); Madagascar. Hap. 36 mill. (5)*KUTELIA CALLICHROMA, Dist. Entom. 1901, p. 284. Hab. Delagoa Bay; Transvaal. Hp. 28 mill. 308 Annals of the South African Museunr. (6) Hurenia amatrix, W1k. xy. 1778 (1858). Hurhima bowkert, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 119, f. 29 (1874). Hutelia exquisita, Saalm. Lep. Madag. p. 379, f. 175 (1891). Hab. Sokotra; British East Africa, Kilima’njaro; Natal (Bow- ker, Gooch); Madagascar. Hxp. 38 mill. (7) Hurevia CATEPHIOIDES, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 301 (1852). Hab. Natal, Durban (Bowker) ; Cape Colony. Hap. 40 mill. Sect. IV. (Targalla). Antenne of male almost simple. A. Forewing pale yellow with the base and a ae on costa before apex purple .. .. . . operatrix. B. Forewing with the pone gale erey- “north ¢ or dhestint ou a, Forewing with two dark discoidal points .. .. . polychorda. b. Forewing with the reniform dark with whitish petore sal beyondit .. .. .. ssl Ge cess cine cote cle NCUSLELLOLTOGs c, Forewing with the seniltosin soiniislh ein werctmaee’s .. .. symphonica. d. Forewing with small tuft of red scales on the ronitonn .. favillatria. (8)*HUTELIA OPERATRIx, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 170 (1860). Hab. Cape Colony, Caffraria. Hap. 40 mill. (9) HurELiIa POLYCHORDA, 2. sp. 3. Pale chestnut-brown sometimes tinged with grey ; the scales of head and thorax pencilled with grey ; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen whitish. Forewing with fine double slightly waved sub- basal, two antemedial and two postmedial lines slightly angled out- wards below costa and the first postmedial line excurved beyond cell; two minute black discoidal points; a minutely dentate sub- terminal line with some white points on it towards costa; a minutely dentate terminal line. Hindwing with the interspaces semihyaline except on terminal third; traces of a waved ochreous subterminal line towards tornus; a waved ochreous terminal line; under side with discoidal black point and a terminal series. ?. Grey-brown. Hab. Mashonaland, Umtali, Salisbury (Marshall); Damaraland ; N’Gamiland (Lugard); Cape Colony (Trimen). Hap. 30-34 mill. Type in B.M. (10) Huretia cIsTeLLaTRIx, Wllern. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 170 (1860). Aglossa ocularis, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 412 (1875). Hab. Natal (Burrows); Cape Colony, Caffraria. Hap. 34 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 309 (11) Hutrnia syMPHONICA, n. sp. @. Grey-brown tinged with olive and irrorated with black. Forewing with the basal area sometimes suffused with black ; double black minutely waved subbasal and antemedial lines filled in with grey ; reniform whitish with a dark lunule on it; a double waved ' postmedial line excurved from below costa to vein 3 with black patches before and beyond it beyond the cell; a minutely dentate white subterminal line with black spot beyond it below apex; a crenulate black line just before termen. Hindwing with the inter- spaces semihyaline except on terminal half; a slight white line with blackish marks on each side of it above tornus; traces of a pale waved subterminal line. Hab. German East Africa, Tanga; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hzp. 30 mill. Type in B.M: (12) Hurenia Favinatrix, Wlk. xv. 1778 (1858). Hmpsn. Ill. Het. IBY IE, toe, yall IGS}, ae, ING); Hab. British East Africa, Athi-ya-Mawe; Mashonaland, Um- tali (Marshall) ; India; Ceylon. Hap. 28 mill. Sus-Famiry STICTOPTERINA. Genus STICTOPTERA. z Type. Stictoptera, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 51 (1852)... cwewllrordes. A. Hindwing with the basal semihyaline area largely suffused with black, the veins traversing it black .. .. ye alutacea. B. Hindwing with the basal semihyaline area ath selling Hi black. a. Hindwing with the median veins on hyaline area white -. methyalea. b. Hindwing with the median veins dark So) a6 oo 65 oe Gnieuiiinonctas. (1) SrictopreRA aLuTAcEA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 112, f. 4 (1874). Hab. British East Africa; Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Murraysberg (Trimen). Hxp. 28- 30 mill. (2) STICTOPTERA METHYALEA, 0. sp. $. Black-brown; pectus and abdomen below white irrorated with brown. Forewing with the basal area suffused with black; a double very highly dentate antemedial line followed by a line which is oblique from costa to submedian fold where it is obtusely angled ; 310 Annals of the South African Museum. medial and postmedial waved lines excurved from below costa to vein 3, the latter then incurved and approximated to former; a sinuous subterminal line with some blackish suffusion between it and the postmedial line ; two obliquely placed subapical black striae. Hindwing hyaline white to beyond middle; the costal and inner areas black; the terminal third black with sinuous inner edge; cilia white. Hab, Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hxzp. 30 mill. Type in B.M. (3) STICTOPTERA CUCULLIOIDES, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 52 (1852). . Hab. West Africa, Niger, Congo; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett); India, Ceylon, and Burma; Singapore; Java. Hap. 36-46 mill. Susp-Famiry SARROTHRIPINZA. A. Forewing with an areole. a. Palpi upturned RE er Sia NAM NS ean Wh ements “STF an, b. Palpi porrect ;:. .. al woae6o oo oo. Jala. B. Forewing with veins 7, 8, 10 ialiceds 9 avis 60 00 00 co JO MOUNTO DG. Genus BLENINA. Type. Blenmna, W1k. xiii..1214 (1857)... ... ... .... donans. A. Hindwing with the ground colour white yet EES OUCLCUTIUO CONC B. Hindwing with the ground colour yellow .. .. ... .. .. quadripuncta. (1) Burnina squamirera, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iy. p. 171 (1860). Acronycta lichenosa, Feld. Reis. Noy. pl. 100, f. 9 (1874). Diphihera autumnalis, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 222 (1898). Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard); Transvaal; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hxp. 30 mill. (2)* BLENINA QUADRIPUNCTA, 0. Sp. ?. Head and thorax white tinged with green and rorntcdl with brown; mid femora and hind legs pale yellow; abdomen yellow dorsally tinged with brown. Forewing white, the costal and basal areas irrorated with green and black, the antemedial area with brown scales ; a waved black subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; an interrupted waved antemedial line strongly bent outwards to The Moths of South Africa. 311 inner margin; a small black tuft in middle of cell and three on disco- cellulars ; four blackish striae on medial part of costa; the terminal area dark brown and with some brown irroration before it and traces of a waved white subterminal line ; a terminal series of dark points; cilia with some white below middle. Hindwing yellow; the costal area tinged with brown ; a brown terminal band with sinuous inner edge; cilia yellow except at apex. Under side yellow; forewing suffused with brown except basal, costal, and inner areas; hindwing with brown terminal band. Hab. Delagoa Bay. Exp. 38 mill. Type in Coll. Druce. GENus PLOTHEIA. Type. Plotheia, Wk. xiii. 1108 (1857) ... ... ... decrescens. A Eindwingsemihyaline) whites.) 24 sas 24 es se 44.2 celts. PB BELin dyin ee bKOwiliy een octy Sunes Gumi uk? eNotes poluhymnia. (1) PuornEra ceuris, Moore, Lep. E.1.C. (Os 203}, Tol, WG, a 8 Cen (larva) (1859) id. Lep. Ceyl. iii. pl. 158, f. 5. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett) ; India; Ceylon ; Java, Hap. 24-30 mill. (2) PLOTHEIA POLYHYMNIA, n. sp. ?. Grey-brown ; fore tibia and tarsi with slight black bands ; abdomen with the dorsal tufts black. Forewing with diffused black fascia on median nervure ; a black fascia on vein 5 not reaching termen but met by an oblique streak from termen below apex; the orbicular and reniform small, pale, indistinct; indistinct highly waved antemedial, medial, and postmedial lines, the last oblique from costa to vein 5, then inwardly oblique; an irregular subterminal line ; the veins with short black streaks at termen. Hindwing pale reddish brown. Ab. 1. Forewing with the black fasciz almost obsolete. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Exp. 36 mill. Genus POLIOTHRIPA, nov. Proboscis aborted, minute ; palpi porrect, downcurved, extending about twice the length of head, the second joint roughly scaled ; antennz of female ciliated ; tibie with the spurs long. Forewing with vein 3 from well before angle of cell, 5 from just above angle ; 312 Annals of the South African Museum. 6 from below upper angle ; 7,8, 10 stalked, 9 absent, 10 from beyond 7; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 coincident ; 5 from above angle of cell; 6, 7 shortly stalked; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base. POLIOTHRIPA NIPHOSTENA, N. Sp. ?. Head and thorax pure white; palpi blackish except at tips ; antenne brownish except at base; pectus, legs, and abdomen fuscous brown. Forewing fuscous brown with confluent white bands and patches occupying the greater part of wing; a basal patch, a broad antemedial band, a medial band from cell to inner margin, a sinuous band just beyond the cell from costa to vein 2 and a sinuous post- medial band bent outwards to apex with two white points on costa before it. Hindwing fuscous brown. Hab. Natal. Hzp. 26 mill. Sus-Famity ACONTIAN ZA. A. Forewing with an areole. a. Forewing with the termen angled at vein 4 06 Oo on | AlGRNG) b. Forewing with the termen not angled at vein 4. a’. Forewing with scale-tooth and lobe on middle of inner margin .: .. 6 65 (00 10 AlRenOMINORE- OF, pee with ‘ihe 3 inner margin 1 onal, °. Palpi with the third joint very long and somewhat dilated at extremity .. . .. .. Maurilia. ?. Palpi with the third joint moderate! eionden .. .. Westermannia. B. deren with veins 7, 8 and 9, 10 stalked 55 op pa 06 AGO, C. Forewing with veins 8, 9 absent in ¢, 9 absent in ? Sn eeVicacestisy D. Forewing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. a. Forewing with lobe and scale-tooth on inner margin .. Paraxestis. b. Forewing without lobe and scale-tooth on inner margin .. Rhyncodes. HK. Forewing with veins 8,9,10 stalked .. .. .. .. .. .. Evizada. Genus ACRIPIA. Type. Acrypia, Wik. xxvu. 9 (1863) ... ... ... subolivacea. A. Forewing with the apical area not tinged with green. . Thorax, base, and medial area of forewing dark red-brown with pale mottlings.. .. -. scapularis. b. Thorax, base, and sgh area ie! fenenning Ibsowmiialh ay .. subolivacea. B. Forewing with the apical area tinged with green. > Westies mohyous Welly 50 56 oo 46 06 36 00 06 co UGvROR b Tegule fuscous edged with sabia. ao) 80| da "Sal 66 oo Gelonnyiere. The Moths of South Africa. 313 (1)*Acripia SCAPULARIS, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 111, f. 9 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Knysna. Hap. 34 mill. (2) AcRIPIA sUBOLIVACEA, WIk. xxvii. 9 (1863). Plastenis marginea, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 111, f. 8 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Hp. 32 mill. (3)*ACRIPIA LEPROSA, Held. Reis. Nov. pl. 111, f. 10 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Capetown. Han. 34 mill. (4) AcRIPIA CHLOROPERA, 0. Sp. 9. Head and tegule white mixed with dark brown ; patagia and thorax chocolate-brown ; pectus and legs white, the latter irrorated with fuscous and the tarsi banded with black; abdomen dark brown with ochreous segmental lines, the ventral surface white irrorated with brown. Forewing chocolate-brown with numerous fine strie ; an inverted V-shaped mark from middle of costa to inner margin near base and at tornus; a black point in middle of cell and a dis- coidal spot with pale centre; an apical green patch; some black subterminal points on costal half. Hindwing brown with blackish discoidal spot; the cilia ochreous. Under side with the costal area of forewing and the hindwing grey-white with fine black striae. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 34 mill. Type in B.M. Gunus ARCYOPHORA. Type. Arcyophora, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 878 (1852) .... longwvalvis. Setoctena, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. pelass (S63) agers ese meen cecyiheo 2205 ledenent. EHucxestis, Led. Hor. See Tat, Ross, vi. p. 88 (1869) Sh tee . ... mesogona. eee a, Hmpsn. Moths Tae. li. p. 566 (SOA eee Ne ee Vee tl ecto een angulirena: A. Forewing with the medial line oblique .. .. .. .. «. «. Jlongivalvis. B. Forewing with the medial line curved. a. Forewing with the postmedial line angled outwards at veins 6and4 .. .. a ets) eSbLt. b. Forewing with the nostmediall ine locenmved at mridule Se TeLedencn?. (1) ARCYOPHORA LONGIVALVIS, Guen. INGen. ts jo, SIS), joe We a) (1852). 314 Annals of the South African Museum. Calpe apicalis, Wlk. xxxili. 848 (1865). Hab. Aden; N’Gamiland (Lugard); Natal (Gueinzius). Hap. 34-60 mill. (2) ArcyopHora sTaut, Wllegrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 144 (1860). Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Haxzp. 26 mill. (3)*ARCYOPHORA LEDERERI, Wllern. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 144 (1863). Hab. Cape Colony. Hp. 26 mill. Genus MAURILIA. Type. Maurilia, Moschl. Verh. z. b. Wien. xxxiii. Jo als) GUS) as ee5 cae “ase Meee ooo aoe | CHROUIONT. A. Forewing produced at apex, the lines very oblique .. .. .. .. patricula. B. Forewing with the apex rectangular, the line not oblique .. .. arcuata. (1) MauRinia PATRICULA, n. sp. Head and thorax yellow-brown or grey pencilled with pale and dark brown scales ; abdomen ochreous dorsally tinged with brown. Forewing brown or yellow-brown, the basal half of costal area red- brown ; very numerous fine grey strie; a very obliquely curved medial pale line defined by fuscous on outer side; a similar post- medial line very acutely angled at vein 6 where it is met by an oblique dark streak from apex. Hindwing semihyaline white, the termen and cilia tinged with yellow or the termen with fuscous. Hab. Abyssinia; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Haxp. 40- 46 mill. Almost exactly like Arcyophora longivalvis, Guen., except that the inner margin of forewing is evenly curved. (2) Maurinia arncuata, WIk. xii. 779 (1857). BP lwbina, Méschl. Verh. z. b. Wien. xxxili. p. 298, pl. xvi. f. 13 (1884). Hab. West Africa; Abyssinia; British East Africa; Mashona- land, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Durban (Bowker); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F’. Barrett), Grahamstown. Hap. 38- 42 mill. AUCTORUM. Xanthia basalis, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soe. (8) ik 19s (She) CUSIO*), tmiqae OSS sas baa poe OLN JaieTaTeR, The Moths of South Africa. 315 Genus WESTERMANNIA. Type. Westermanmia, Hiibn. Ziitr. 1. 25 (1827) ... superba. A. Forewing white with faint lines.. .. 5 co WUOAM. B. Forewing brown with the ante- and post- medial lines mech on TAUNEETAMABSAIN 46 G6" So GG de) bal 6b do. G6 50 So. oo GOROATCIE (1) WESTERMANNIA NIVEA, 0. sp. Pure white; palpi, antenne, legs, and abdomen. tinged with ochreous. Forewing with the costa ochreous; an indistinct medial series of yellowish grey spots excurved from costa to median ner- vure; obscure spots on discocellulars and beyond the cell; an oblique minutely waved postmedial line angled inwards below vein 2; a minutely waved subterminal line; three small spots just before termen below apex; a terminal series of striz ; ciliz irrorated with brown. Hindwing with slight brownish suffusion towards termen ; the veins, termen, and cilia yellowish. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 32 mill. Type in B.M. (2) WESTERMANNIA CONVERGENS, 0. Sp. 3. Head and thorax pale rufous brown; palpi tinged with fus- cous ; abdomen whitish tinged with brown. Forewing pale chocolate- brown slightly irrorated with black; the basal area tinged with grey ; an oblique pale antemedial line met on inner margin by the post- medial line which is strongly excurved beyond cell, then very oblique and with a yellowish patch beyond it on costa. Hindwing yellowish white. ?. Forewing without the yellowish patch beyond the postmedial line; hindwing fuscous. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hzxp. 3 28, 2 30 mill. Genus ACONTIA. Type. Acontia, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. iv. p. 91 (1816) malve. Thiganusa, WIk. xxxiit. 979 (1865)... ... ... apollinis. A. Forewing with black spot in end of cell .. .. .. .. «- «- apollinis. B. Forewing without black spot in end of cell. a. Forewing without transverse lines .. .. .. «- +. «+ «+ gre@list. b. Forewing with ante- and post-medial lines .. .. .. .. «. malve. 316 Annals of the South African Museum. (1) Acontra aponuinis, Guen. Noct. ii. 212 (1852). Thiganusa euproctoides, Wk. xxxiii. 979 (1865). Hab. Natal (Burrows, Gooch). Exp. 42 mill. (2) AconT1a GRaHuusI, Feisth. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. vi. p. 300, pl. 12, f. 3 (1837). Hab. Southern Europe; West Africa, Sierra Leone; Abyssinia ; British Central Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal (Gooch), Estcourt (Hutchinson); Mauritius; Aden ; India; Burma. Hyxp. 36-43 mill. (3) AconTia matvm, Esp. Schmett. iv. 2, p. 63, pl. 195, f. 4 (1777). Hab. §. Europe; Transvaal; Natal; Formosa; India; Ceylon. Exp. 30-36 mill. Genus NEAXKESTIS, noy. Proboscis fully developed; palpi upturned, slender, reaching vertex of head; frons rounded; antennz with fasciculate cilia; tibize with the spurs long ; hind tibiz with tuft of hair at extremity. Forewing with vein 3 from before angle of cell; 4,5 from angle; 6, 7 from upper angle, 8, 9 absent in male, female with 8 shortly stalked with 7, 9 absent; 10, 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 4, 5 from angle of cell; 6, 7 from upper angle. A. Forewing with the antemedial line acutely angled o) «. 6. Aciiangula. B. Forewing with the antemedial line obliquely curved ... .. .. griseata. (1) NEAXESTIS ACTUANGULA, N. sp. Head and thorax yellow-brown, the head pale ; abdomen whitish, dorsally tinged with brown. Forewing yellow-brown irrorated with fuscous ; the costal edge whitish; the lines pale yellow; the ante- medial line acutely angled on median nervure and very oblique towards costa and inner margin; the postmedial line very acutely angled at vein 6, its point curved upwards towards apex, then ex- tremely oblique. Hindwing ochreous white, the termen and cilia tinged with red-brown. : Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 3g 26, @ 30 mill. (2) NEAXESTIS GRISEATA, N. sp. 3. Head and thorax white; tegule tinged with pink, vertex of thorax brown; abdomen white dorsally tinged with brown. Fore- The Moths of South Africa. 317 wing ferruginous irrorated with brown ; the costa white with some grey on edge; an obliquely curved antemedial grey band; a post- medial grey band angled outwards to termen below apex, then oblique to middle of inner margin towards which it has some grey beyond it. Hindwing white, the termen yellowish. Hab. Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall). Hap. 30 mill. Type in B.M. Genus PARAXESTIS, nov. Proboscis fully developed; palpi upturned flattened against frons, smoothly scaled and reaching vertex of head ; antenne of male with fasciculate cilia; tibize with the spurs long, the hind tibiz with tuft of hair at extremity. Forewing with the retinaculum bar-shaped in male; a lobe and tuft of scales on inner margin; vein 3 from before angle of cell; 4, 5 from angle; 6 from below upper angle; 7, 8, 9 stalked ; 10, 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 4, 5 from angle of cell; 6, 7 from upper angle. PARAXESTIS RUFESCENS, 0. Sp. 3. Brownish ochreous; head and thorax tinged with pink; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen white. Forewing tinged with rufous; a fine dark antemedial line acutely angled on median nervure, then obliquely incurved ; the postmedial line acutely angled on vein 5 then incurved and oblique, below vein 2 giving off a curved line to inner margin before tornus. Hindwing yellowish white. Hab. Natal, Durban (Bowker). Hp. 26 mill. Type in B.M. Genus RHYNCODES. Type. Rhyncodes, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 394 (1852) phalenifornus. RAYNCODES PHALHNIFORMIS, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 394 (1852). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith); Namaqualand. Hp. 32 mill. Genus ERIZADA. Type. Erizada, Wk. xxxii. 506 (1865)... ... ... semifervens. Sect. I. Forewing with the apex produced, the termen angled at vein 3; metathorax with sharp crest. 318 Annals of the South African Musewm. (1) ERizaDA SERICEALIS, n. sp. ?. Head and thorax greyish rufous irrorated with black ; pectus and legs whitish; abdomen whitish dorsally tinged with rufous. Forewing with a silky gloss, ochreous suffused with red-brown and sparsely irrorated with black ; a very oblique waved grey antemedial line; reniform with blackish outline, oblique, elliptical; postmedial line grey excurved from costa to vein 2 below which it is angled inwards ; a subterminal series of black spots, angled inwards below costa and at vein 2 and outwards above vein 3. Hindwing pale yellow. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 28 mill. Sect. II. Forewing with the termen evenly curved; metathorax without crest. (2) ERIZADA VERNA, Nn. Sp. g. Antenne ciliated; palpi with the third joint very long; wings with the termen rounded. Head white; the palpi and rings on antenne rufous; thorax green ; pectus and legs white, the fore tibiz and tarsi rufous; abdomen ochreous dorsally banded with fuscous. Forewing very pale green, the costal edge rufous with a few black scales near it; ante- and post-medial white lines, the former oblique and slightly curved and edged with black on outer side, the latter slightly sinuous oblique from costa to vein 6 and edged with black on inner side; a black discoidal point ; a subterminal series of black points ending at tornus; cilia rufous. Hindwing yellowish tinged with brown, the terminal area brown. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 20 mill. Type in B.M. Susp-Famity HOMOPTERIN&. A. Fore tibise spined at sides. a. Hindwing with the cell one-fourth length of wing .. .. Nyctipao. b. Hindwing with the cell one-third ae of wing. a, Frons with tuft of hair.. .. 50 00 oo co 00 Oaillmadles. bt. Frons without tuft of hair. a?. Hindwing ample, extending to well beyond end of abdomen .. .. Cyligramna. 2, Hindwing aawileante, na axciandling boron! Andoment a3, Palpi with the second joint reaching above vertex of head b3. Palpi with the sauondl jamal nat eeching cee Of head’ sy.) ee sol eee Ue becl l ome Mantodes. B. Fore tibiew not spined at sides a. Fore tibiee with curved claw at extremity.. .. .. .. .. 00 oo Galhala. b*. Forewing with two large triangular black patches... .. .. hyppasia. (4) CHanctopz supicans, WIk. xv. 1831 (1858). Grammodes insulsa, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 173 (1860). Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu; British Central Africa, Zomba; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Victoria District (Gooch). Exp. 40-46 mill. (5) CHanciope mutuartia, WI1k. xiv. 1506 (1857). Remagia torpida, W1k. xxxiii. 1013 (1865). Hab. British East Africa, Machakos, Kikuyu; British Central Africa, Zomba; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Karkloof (Marshall), Victoria District (Gooch) ; Cape Colony (Dr. A. Smith). Hap. 40-42 mill. (6) CHaLciope unpata, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 600 (1775). Noctua archesia, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii. pl. 273, F.G. (1779). Ltemagia pellita, Guen. Noet. iii. p. 319 (1852). i gugalis, Wlk. xiv. 1505 (1857). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Ashanti, Cameroons, Congo ; British East Africa, Wadelai, Munisu; British Central Africa, Chinde, Zomba; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Durban (Leigh); Mauritius; Siberia; Japan; China; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans; Nicobars; J ava; North Guinea; Pacific Groups. Hzp. 42-54 mill. (7) CHALCIOPE CALIDA, n. sp. $+ Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown mixed with grey ; anal tuft ochreous. Forewing reddish brown with a purplish tinge and irrorated with black; an indistinct subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; the antemedial dark line angled outwards on sub- costal and median nervures and vein 1; reniform dark brown, small, 332 Annals of the South African Museum. constricted at middle; the postmedial line with a less distinct line before it and a dark spot at costa, bent outwards below costa, then crenulate, excurved to vein 4, then incurved; the subterminal line with pale points at the veins, some rufous and fuscous suffusion before it, incurved below vein 5 and with a dark spot between it and middle of termen; acrenulate dark terminal line. Hindwing fuscous brown with indistinct dark medial line and pale subterminal line towards tornus. Under side greyish with curved postmedial line with ochreous patch beyond it at costa ; the terminal area fuscous. Hab. Abyssinia; British East Africa, Wadelai (Hmin Pasha) ; Natal, Durban (Barker). Hap. 32 mill. (8) CHALCIOPE HyPpasiA, Cram. Pap. Exot. i. pl. 250 H. (1779). Trigonodes acutata, Guen. Noct. i. p. 283 (1852). Chalciope mahura, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 117, f. 13 (1874). Hab. West Africa; Soudan; Abyssinia; British East Africa ; British Central Africa; Delagoa Bay (Junot); Cape Colony (Dr. Smith) ; Madagascar; Mauritius; Aden; China; Formosa ; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Australasia. Hap. 46 mill. B. Mid and hind tibie of male not fringed with long hair. a. Forewing with large triangular black patch defined by white lines delta. b. Forewing Simon white: defined tr opie. at. Forewing with pale erect antemedial band. a2. Forewing with the postmedial line acutely angled erecta. outwards below apex .. .. b?. Forewing with the veshenciSel Thine aeanly meuived below costa. a3, Hindwing with the ground colour orange .. +. euclidvoides. b3. erect: with the ground colour dark. . Forewing with the postmedial line angled inwards at middle .. b4. Forewing with the postmedial iia aot angled IMWwardsratmiddle: eee ess luce eileen er GeOmuecunicas . Forewing without pale antemedial heal, a2. Forewing with wedge-shaped black patch on inner obstans. stolida. area b?. Forewing witout medae! dnaned black eta ¢ on inner area. a3. Forewing with the postmedial band produced to near termen at middle b3. Forewing with the postmedial ha nat Produced to near termen at middle. a‘. Forewing with the postmedial line angled outwards at middle. a’. Hindwing with the ground colour orange metarantha. bs, Hindwing with the ground colour greyish. a®, Forewing with the medial area rufous balneari«. rivulata. The Moths of South Africa. 333 b°. Forewing with the medial area grey, fuscous on inner side of postmedial Le eae we Ane I cs harmonica: b+. Forewing with the postmedial line excurved below costa and not angled at middle... .. .. moderata. (9) CHauciorg peura, Boisd. Faun. Ent, Mad. Képeep. Os; pl 13; f. 1 (1833). Hab. German East Africa, Tanga; N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Cape Colony, Plettenburg Bay; Madagascar; Mauritius. Exp. 38 mill. (10) CHaLctorE ERECTA, n. sp. 2. Head and thorax dark brown; antennez with the shaft white above; abdomen fuscous brown. Forewing black-brown to the postmedial line, the costa rather paler; a narrow erect white ante- medial band not reaching costa; the postmedial line whitish, very oblique from costa to an acute angle at vein 6, where it is nearly met by a curved dark mark from apex diffused on upper side, the line oliquely incurved below vein 6; the terminal area greyer brown ; a crenulate dark terminal line. Hindwing fuscous brown; the under side greyer with slight discoidal point and minutely waved post- medial line. flab. Natal, Northdene. Exp. 38 mill. Type in B.M. (11) Cuatctorn nucurpromwsEs, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 276 (1852). Herr.- Schaff. Aussereur Schmett. ff. 137-138. Huclidia dubitans, W1k. xiv. 1463 (1857). Hab. Transvaal (Ross) ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony, Caffraria, Albany. Hzxp. 36 mill. (12) CHanctopE sronrpa, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 599 (1775). Hab. Europe; Syria; West Africa, Sierra Leone, Congo ; Soudan, White Nile; Abyssinia; British East Africa, Port Ogowe, Machakos, Kilima’njaro; British Central Africa, Chiromo ; Damaraland, Ovampo Lakes (Erichsson) ; N’Gami- land (Lugard); Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony (Dr. Smith); Aden; India. Hzxp. 30-40 mill. (13) CHatciopr cromeTrica, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 599 (1775). Grammodes conyenita, Wk. xiv. 1443 (1857). Hab. Europe; West Africa, Ashanti, Old Calabar, Congo ; British East Africa, Wadelai, Kikuyu ; British Central Africa, 334 Annals of the South African Musewm. Zomba; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); N’Gamiland (Lugard); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony, Plettenberg Bay (Trimen); China; Formosa; India; Ceylon; Java; Australia. Hzxp. 26- 45 mill. (14) CHauciorg opstans, WIE. xiv. 1450 (18957). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Victoria District (Gooch) ; Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Capetown. Hp. 36-42 mill. (15) CHALCIOPE RIVULATA, Nn. sp. Head and thorax grey, the head, tegule, and crest on prothorax with brown lines; abdomen whitish. Forewing whitish irrorated with pale purplish brown ; the costa irrorated with black, the area below it and the cell finely streaked with brown, the streak on median nervure expanding beyond angle of cell and edged with black ; a black point in middle of cell; an oblique brown mark from below end of cell to inner margin before middle, its lower side edged with black and angled, the area below it brown, then ochreous towards inner margin; the outer edge of the grey area has four brown lines before it between vein 6 and 1 and runs from apex very obliquely and sinuously to vein 5, at vein 4 is produced to a long tooth towards termen, then is strongly incurved and excurved above inner margin; the area beyond it grey-brown, ochreous towards termen with two fine brown lines following the outline of grey area but dentate at veins 4 and 3 and with a series of dentate black marks beyond them ; a subapical black point, three fine lines on termen and one through the cilia. Hindwing with the basal half whitish, the terminal half fuscous brown; cilia white; the under side with double discoidal black point ; two indistinct waved post- medial lines and a series of black points just before termen. Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu (Crawshay) ; Natal, Weenen ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hp. 36 mill. (16) CHALCIOPE METAXANTHA, N. sp. 3g. Head and thorax ochreous white irrorated with dark brown; tarsi black ringed with white; abdomen ochreous. Forewing ochreous white irrorated with black; the basal area suffused with brown; a waved black subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a waved black antemedial line obtusely angled below the cell; the medial area tinged with brown towards costa and inner margin and The Moths of South Africa. 339 with an indistinct minutely waved medial line strongly excurved in cell; a waved black postmedial line strongly angled inwards in submedian fold, a diffused sinuous brown line beyond it followed by a grey band before the indistinct waved subterminal line ; the ter- minal area brown with a crenulate terminal line. Hindwing orange with postmedial dark line towards tornus; the termen tinged with brown and with a waved dark line. Under side orange with some fuscous suffusion at apex of each wing. Hab. Damaraland: Cape Colony. Hzp. 38 mill. Type in B.M. (17) CHALCIOPE BALNEARIA, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) 1. p. 228 (1898). Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal. Hzp. 40 mill. (18) CHALCIOPE HARMONICA, n. sp. $. Head and thorax grey tinged with pale yellow-brown ; abdomen pale yellow-brown. Forewing grey; a double waved subbasal black line from costa to submedian fold; the basal area suffused with yellow brown deepening towards the minutely dentate black antemedial line ; the medial area purple-grey becoming black- brown towards the waved black postmedial line which is acutely angled outwards at vein 4, the area beyond it tinged with ochreous to the dentate grey subterminal line which has a brown patch beyond it at apex; aseries of black points before termen. Hindwing whitish, the basal area tinged with pale brown; an oblique slightly sinuous medial blackish line defined by white on outer side; the terminal area suffused with black; an indistinct pale postmedial line; the termen whitish between vein 5 and tornus; a crenulate black ter- minal line becoming a thicker straight line towards tornus; the under side grey irrorated with brown; a discoidal point, minutely dentate postmedial line, diffused subterminal line, and series of points before termen. Hab. NGamiland (Lugard). Hzp.38 mill. Type in B.M. (19) CuanciopE mopERATA, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 174 (1860). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Nigeria; Soudan, White Nile; East Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; N’Gamiland - (Lugard); Damaraland; Ovampoland; Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro) ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss IF’. Barrett), Dord- recht (Graham). Hxp. 34—40 mill. 29 336 Annals of the South African Museum. AUCTORUM. Fodina hypercompoides, Wik. xxxiii. 971 (@S65) ive lost! cis ae aes eee os ee ome cie Fodina arctioides, Wik. xxxii. 971 (1865). dive VOSbia Werce ae oo ae Natale Granvmodes tedia, Feld. Te Nee pl: 115, ibs I (TUSS(As\a ILS IO SiRene deal ade -co5) eso!) Nawal, Genus OPHIUSA. Type. Opliusa, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. iv. p. 93 (USIUG OR Te een algunas Epistona, Moschl. euth: ico) hor Ges. MWientexxxan jos 302118383) iney samen NCOnetilan Dermaleipa, Saalm. Lep. Madag. p. 460 (GuSGI)S Mea set eed ad Seca) es” ce, Suleollon nada. Sect. I. Mid tibize of male dilated with a fold and fringe of large scales. A. Hind tarsi of male with the first joint fringed with hair above. Gq. Ibo yWIOAe OHNE >a oo ao 00 60 Go 00 60 oo co GhOCOHOCRMS: b. Hindwing not orange. a’. Hindwing with white spots on termen. a?. Hindwing with more or less developed white medial band or spots. a3. Forewing with the antemedial line oblique, waved. at. Forewing greyish with vee black ante- and post-medial lines .. .. .. .. catella. . Forewing reddish brown with the “ines in- GUIRNGs5 oo ov 50 200 MMARAAKOFOC- b3. Forewing with the cenigonedliel ‘tine starounevidl not waved. a+. Hindwing with prominent white spots at and below apex and on cilia below middle lienardi. b+. Hindwing with white spot at apex and some erey on middle of termen.. -. .. .. .. echo. b?. Hindwing without medial band or spots .. .. .. illustrata. bt. Hindwing without white spots on termen. a’. Forewing with the antemedial line incurved .. .. indeterminata. b?. Forewing with the antemedial line outwardly oblique. a3. Forewing with the postmedial line not dentate.. faber. b3. Forewing with the postmedial line dentate. a+, Hindwing with series of black points before termen. a5, Forewing with the medial line bent in- RHC 1) COME oo oo vedio roc? COIS bs. Forewing with the medial’ ae not bent inwards to costa. ee oss SES ONNULGLCUR v4. Hindwing without black atta perore termen. The Moths of South Africa. 337 a5. Forewing without large reniform stigma open and extending to costa .. .. .. Jimbata. b5. Forewing with large reniform stigma open and extend- ing to costa. a°. Forewing erey irrorated with dark DOWIE CSRs pion sie curettage cian Hee neni LEnUULas b°. Forewing reddish brown .. .. .. nocturnia. a°. Forewing with the antemedial line inwardly obligue proxima. (1) OpHiusa CROCEIPENNIS, WIk. xiii. 1377 (1857). Hab. British East Africa, Kilima’njaro ; British Central Africa ; Zomba; Natal, Durban (Gueinzius, Bowker). Exp. 56- 66 mill. (2) Oparusa CaTELLA, Guen. Noct. iti. p. 247 (1852). Hab. West Africa, Congo; Senegal; Upper Egypt, White Nile; Erithrea, Massowah ; Abyssinia; Sokotra; British East Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Natal, Gadzima (Marshall); Rodriguez; Aden. Hixp. 52- 62 mill. (3) OPHIUSA MERCATORIA, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 11. p. 62 (1775). Hab. Portuguese East Africa, Pungwe River (Marshall); India; Ceylon; Java. Hp. 60 mill. (4) OPHIUSA LIENARDI, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Mad. Lép. p. 102, pl. 15, f. 5 (1833). Achea chameleon, Guen. Nocet. ill. p. 249 (1852). » spectatura, Wlk. xiv. 1393 (1858). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Ashanti, Nigeria, Congo ; Upper Egypt, White Nile; British East Africa; Natal (Guein- zius), Verulam (Trimen), Hstcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Grahamstown. LHuxp. 50-64 mill. (5) Oputusa EcHo, WI1k. xiv. 1374 (1858). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone ; Mashonaland, Umtali (Mar- shall) ; Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 66-72 mill. (6) OpHiusa InLusTRATA, WIk. xiv. 1392 (1857). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hp. 68 mill. 338 Annals of the South African Musewm. (7) OPHIUSA INDETERMINATA, WIk. xxxili. 955 (1865). Ophisma demta, Méschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxiii. p- 305, pl. xvi. f. 20 (1883). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Gooch, Leigh) ; Cape Colony, Caffraria. Hap. 56-58 mill. (8) Opuiusa FABER, Holl. Psyche, vii. p. 69 (1894). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Old Calabar; Natal, Durban (Leigh, Barker); Madagascar. Hap. 62-66 mill. (9) OprHtiusa BorRIS, Geyer. Ziitr. Ex. Schmett. ff. 973-4 (1827). Ophisma oblita, Wlk. xiv. 1375 (1858). Ap senor, Wk. xiv. 1376 (1858). es mundissima, Wlk. xiv. 13876 (1858). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, Old Calabar, Nigeria; Natal (Gueinzius). Hzxp. 50-60 mill. (10) Opxiusa sorpipa, WIk. xxxiil. 955 (1865). Ophisma pretorié, Dist. Naturalist in Transvaal, p. 239, pl. il. f. 7 (1892). Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria (Ayres, Rose) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 60 mill. (11) Opurusa uimpBaTa, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 116, f. 6 (1874). Hab. West Africa, Congo; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Delagoa Bay (Junod); Natal (Gueinzius); Madagascar. Hp. 60-66 mill. | (12) Opxrusa timuna, Moschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxiii. p. 303, pl. xvi. f. 17 (1883). Hab. Cape Colony, Plettenberg Bay (Newdigate). Hzp. 56 mill. (13) OPHIUSA NOCTURNIA, 0. sp. Head and thorax dark red-brown; pectus, legs, and abdomen greyish fuscous. Forewing dark red-brown or greyish brown with the markings more distinct; a waved blackish subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; an oblique waved antemedial line angled outwards below costa; the orbicular represented by a black point; the reniform very large with indistinct ochreous and blackish lunule at centre and defined by a waved black line, open towards costa and extending up to it, its outer edge angled, and extending down to vein The Moths of South Africa. 339 2; the postmedial line dentate, oblique from costa to vein 6 where it is angled, then inwardly oblique; the subterminal line indistinct waved, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle and with a darker patch before it on costa extending down to vein 6; a series of black points. just before termen. Hindwing fuscous brown, paler towards base. Ab. 1. Forewing with some reddish ochreous on each side of antemedial line and beyond the postmedial line where it is developed into a large patch on costa before the subterminal line. Hab. Transvaal (Marshall); Cape Colony, Annshaw, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 56 mill. Type in B.M. (14) OPHIUSA PROXIMA, N. sp. @. Head and thorax dark red-brown slightly irrorated with white; abdomen fuscous brown. Forewing purplish grey; the basal area suffused with cupreous red-brown ; an indistinct subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; the antemedial line straight, inwardly oblique; the area before the postmedial line suffused with cupreous red-brown leaving a purple-grey band beyond the ante- medial line; two indistinct discoidal points ; a dentate medial line excurved beyond cell; the postmedial line oblique from costa to vein 6 where it is acutely angled outwards, then minutely waved and inwardly oblique, its angle met by an oblique streak from apex; some brown suffusion beyond it before the indistinct double dentate subterminal line ; a series of black points just before termen. Hind- wing dark brown with indistinct medial line ; a greyish subterminal line near tornus and some grey on termen between vein 5 and tornus; the under side greyer with two minutely waved curved medial lines. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 50 mill. Type in B.M. B. Hind tarsi with the first joint not fringed with hair above. a. Hindwing with the apical area orange 55055 90 40 650 «Moma. b. Hindwing with apical white patch .. .. .. .. .. = .. mormoides. c. Hindwing without yellow or white at apex. a, Hindwing with medial white band... .. .. .. .. .. algira. bt. Hindwing without medial white band. a*. Forewing with the antemedial line curved. a3. Forewing with the postmedial line incurved to near angle of cellat middle .. .. angularis. b3, Forewing with the postmedial line aieopailly in- curved at middle... .. .. .. derogans. b?. Forewing with the antemedial line nlmnaet EateHE -. erectata, c*. Forewing with the antemedial line waved .. .. .. palumbiodes. 340 Annals of the South African Museum. (15) OPHIUSA BRYOXANTHA, N. sp. @. Head and thorax red-brown mixed with white; abdomen reddish brown. Forewing red-brown suffused with sap-green ; five waved dark lines before the medial almost straight line; black points at angles of cell; two waved lines just beyond the cell excurved from below costa to vein 4, then incurved; the postmedial line oblique from costa to vein 7 where it is acutely angled, then incurved and highly dentate; a rufous patch on apical part of costa with a white line between it and postmedial line and silvery blue suffusion on its outer edge; an indistinct crenulate brown subterminal line defined by fuscous suffusion; a series of black points just before termen. Hindwing black-brown with large orange patch on apical half of costa, on termen extending to vein 5, the rest of terminal area . reddish brown with waved line before termen. Under side of fore- wing with broad orange band from below middle of costa to tornus; the costa and apex irrorated with white ; hindwing yellowish with a purplish tinge and thickly irrorated with black and white, two dark medial lines, the inner curved, the outer sinuous and waved, a yellowish waved subterminal line incurved below costa, a series of black points before termen. Ab. 1. Forewing red-brown; the markings very indistinct; a somewhat oblique white medial band expanding towards costa and with the narrow dark reniform centred with white on it. Hab. Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro); Natal. Hxp.70 mill. Type in B.M. (16) OpHrusa MormorpEs, WIk. xiv. 1393 (1858). Achea mama, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 116, f. 16 (1874). Hab. West Africa, Old Calabar; Natal, Durban (Gooch, . Leigh). Hap. 64-74 mill. (17) Oputusa auerra, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 836 (1766). 5 properans, Wk. xiv. 1426 (1858). Hab. Europe; West Africa, Sierra Leone, Niger, Congo; British East Africa; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch), Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Grahamstown (Tuck) ; Mauritius; Aden; Japan; China; India; Ceylon; Burma. Hap. 42-46 mill. (18) OpHiusa ANGULARIS, Boisd. Faune. Ent. Madag. Lép. p. 103, pl. 13, f. 2 (1833). Hab. British East Africa, Wadelai, Voi; Natal (Gooch) ; Madagascar; Mauritius. Hzp. 40 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 341 (19) OpHiusa DEROGANS, WIk. xv. 1832 (1858). Hab. British Central Africa, Zomba; Natal (Gooch); Cape Colony (Drége). Hap. 38 mill. (20) OpHIUSA ERECTATA, 0. sp. Head and thorax purplish brown; abdomen fuscous brown. Forewing brownish strongly suffused with purple; a dark subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; some dark brown suffusion before the antemedial line which is nearly straight and erect; a slight discoidal lunule ; an indistinct waved medial line excurved beyond the cell, then incurved and with dark suffusion between it and the postmedial line which is produced to an acute angle on vein 7, then strongly imcurved and slightly waved; an indistinct pale waved subterminal line, angled inwards below costa and out- wards at vein 7 and then strongly defined by dark suffusion on inner side ; a series of points just before termen and crenulate terminal line. Hindwing fuscous brown with indistinct pale curved subter- minal line bent outwards to tornus; the under side pale with dis- coidal point; two indistinct waved medial lines and a diffused subterminal line. Hab. British East Africa, M’gana (Betton), Muthambi (Craw- shay); Transvaal, Lydenberg, Hxp. 36 mill. (21) OpHIUSA PALUMBIODES, N. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown irrorated with a few black scales. Forewing grey-brown suffused with purple-grey to the post- medial line and irrorated with black scales; a waved brownish sub- basal line from costa to submedian fold ; a waved antemedial line ; a slight dark discoidal lunule; the postmedial line indistinct, minutely waved, very oblique, arising from a black spot on costa, with some black points on the veins and with a nearly straight line beyond it arising from near apex; faint traces of a waved subter- minal line ; a series of black points before termen. Hindwing grey- brown with a slight purplish gloss; a slightly sinuous dark medial line; an indistinct waved postmedial line with some small white lunules on it towards inner margin with a yellowish ferruginous suffused patch beyond them; a series of black points before termen. Under side of both wings grey irrorated with black; a greyish- centred discoidal spot; a waved postmedial line with a straight line beyond it on forewing, a dentate line on hindwing. Hab. Natal, Durban (Gooch, Leigh). Hap. 40-46 mill. Type in B.M. 342 Annals of the South African Musewm. Sect. II. Mid tibize of male not dilated. A. Fore femora of male dilated with fringe of long hair and large scales. a. (Dermaleipa) Hindwing of male with fringes of long hair on inner margin on upper side. (22) OPHIUSA IGNICANS, N. sp. gS. Head and thorax red-brown irrorated with white ; pectus and mid and hind femora and tibie with scarlet hair; abdomen fuscous brown, the anal tuft and ventral surface fiery red. Forewing red- brown with a purplish tinge and irrorated with black and with fine pale striz ; a pale oblique subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; a pale rufous-edged very oblique line from costa before middle to middle of inner margin; reniform defined by black; incurved postmedial and subterminal lines, the latter with black points on its outer edge. Hindwing fiery red; the inner area brown extending into the cell and as a subterminal band to vein 5. Under side fiery red, forewing with a dark discoidal lunule, the apical area irrorated with black ; hindwing irrorated with black. @. Hindwing yellow tinged with scarlet towards termen. Hab. West Africa, Accra (Sir G. Carter), Gaboon (Dobree) ; Natal (Miller). Hap. 58-64 mill. Type in B.M. b. Under side of hindwing of male with the basal and inner areas clothed with rough androconia, the upper side with rough hair. at, Forewing pale yellow-green with brown terminal band. . .._ tirrhaca. Gahlorewineablue-rey ii eal ce ic eens icmp isin ilect tales ecmmOLUCTUOUT TS. ct. Forewing pale brownish .. -. .. .. «. «. -. «- wmbrilinea. (23) OpHiusa TIRRHACA, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii. pl. 172 H. (1779). Ophiodes hottentota, Guen. Noct. ili. p. 229 (1852). Hab. Europe; Sokotra; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Cape Colony; China; India. Hp. 64-80 mill. (24) OpHiusa piANaRis, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 232 (1852). Pandesma tempica, Moschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxiii. p. 300, pl. xvi. f. 16 (1883). Hab. Abyssinia; Sokotra; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; ave Colony, Knysna. Hap. 60 mill. (25) OPHIUS UMBRILINEA, 0. sp. $. Head and thorax pale red-brown; the hair on pectus and legs pale yellow; abdomen pale yellow. Forewing pale brownish The Moths of South Africa. 343 tinged and irrorated with dark brown; the antemedial line oblique black, bent inwards to costa and excurved above inner margin ; obicular represented by a brownish point ; reniform small figure-of- eight-shaped defined by brown and with brown points at centres ; the postmedial line arising from a black spot on costa then waved, excurved from below costa to vein 4, then slightly incurved ; a pale subterminal line angled outwards above veins 6 and 4 and bent out- wards to tornus, with black suffusion on its inner side towards costa, in the angles and on inner margin ; a dark waved terminal line. Hindwing with the basal half pale yellowish extending on inner area to tornus ; the terminal half fuscous brown with series of small whitish spots on termen and larger spot towards tornus. Under side yellowish white with fuscous brown terminal band, narrowing to tornus of each wing and with terminal series of dentate marks on forewing, lunulate marks on hindwing. Hab. Damaraland. Exp. 52 will. Type in B.M. c. Hindwing of male normal. a‘. Forewing with the postmedial line angled inwards in discal and submedian folds. .. .. .. .. .. -. .. fimifascia. b*. Forewing with the postmedial line angled inwards in Subbrmediaaetold aaceaimerg eel ee “ey le re mESCLLUCOs c*. Forewing with the postmedial line oblique throughout -. a«ylina(¢). H (26) Opxiusa FrniFrascra, WIk. xv. 1676 (1858). Anua amplia, Wik. xv. 1789 (1858). Ophiusa dilecta, Wk. xxxiii. 976 (1865). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Old Calabar; Natal (Guein- zius). Hap. § 46, 2 52 mill. (27) OpHtusa satita, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 228 (1898). Hab. Transvaal, Johannesburg (Ross). Hap. 50 mill. (28) Opnius xynina, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) 1. p. 229 (1898). Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 64 mill. B. Fore femora of male not dilated. (29) OpHiusa sELENARIS, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 232 (1852). F obherens, Wlk. xv. 1830 (1858). Pseudophia welwitschi, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 115, f. 2 (1874). Hab. West Africa, Old Calabar ; Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Knysna, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 48 mill. 344 Annals of the South African Musewm. AUCTORUM. Ophisma lunulrfera, Wik. xv. 956 ee IVDO WOSiidoo “G08 o ee.) SOub Amica Ophisma een Méschl. Vouk, Van bot. Ges. Wien. xxxili. p. 306, pl. xvi. i ZEM(LSSS)n kes Moar sticly ee eee amy (Ones @ Olona Sus-Faminy MOMIN A. Genus TRISULOIDES. Type. Trosuloides, Butl. A.M.N.H. (5) vii. p. 36 (1881) sericea. TRISULOIDES LUTESCENS, Herr.-Schaff. Aussereur. Schmett. f. 127 (1850). Hab. Cape Colony. Hp. 50 mill. Sus-Faminy PLUSIANZ. A. Forewing with tufts of raised scales on edges of stigmata .. .. Abrostola. B. Forewing without tufts of raised scales Sis TRS oe Sag = Pee Mea ME LUSLOS Genus ABROSTOLA. Type. Abrostola, Ochs. Schmett. Eur. iv. p. 88 (1816) trzplasia. A. Forewing ochreous brown, the medial costal area suffused with black ogame os =e Oneuupennis: B. Forewing grey- prone ine adil area sitio leek suffusion triopis. (1) ABROSTOLA BREVIPENNIS, W1k. xv. 1734 (1858). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius), Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 36 mill. (2) ABROSTOLA TRIOPIS, nN sp. @. Grey-brown. Forewing slightly suffused with fuscous; a fine waved black antemedial line with rufous line on its inner side ; the orbicular, reniform, and claviform, large, rounded with fine black outline and fuscous centre; a slightly simuous fine black postmedial line with rufous line beyond it; a subterminal dentate fuscous line The Moths of South Africa. 345 with diffused fuscous line before it; a crenulate black terminal line. Hindwing fuscous brown; the interspaces of basal half whitish. Hab. Natal, Durban (Bowker, Innes); Cape Colony. Hzp. 36 mill. Type in B.M. Genus PLUSIA. aly ype. Plusia, Ochs. Schmett. Hur. iv. p. 89 (1816)... chrysitis. A. Forewing with a stigma below end of cell, generally Y or U-shaped. Gig Jatin hyaline? CHER a5 66 “Ga oc ca’ 'on oo Go oa 40 CHOU b. Hindwing not orange. a. Forewing with the U-shaped stigma more or less separate from the spot at its lower extremity. a?. Forewing with cupreous suffusion on medial and terminal areas. a3. Forewing with the postmedial line angled out- wards at vein 4 . ee .- .. chalcites. b3. Forewing with the sasimnedlall ene raat angled outwardsatvein4 .. .. . .. .. Chalcedona. She without cupreous sufusion on paearal and terminal areas. . Forewing with brilliant silvery suffusion on medial inner and terminal areas .. .. .. .. sestertia. b3. Forewing without silvery suffusion on medial and terminal areas. a+. Forewing with bifid subterminal black spot between veins3,4 .. .. - .. geminipwncta. b4. Forewing with pale pinkish ot on anildills oftermen .. . 5 00 oo UmanRaGe cA, ae without not on Paes of termen. . Forewing without black streaks on inner side of sub- terminal line. a°. Forewing with subbasal black points loslowy Waa Gelllss so co ca 06 co Sigua b°. Forewing without subbasal black points below the cell .. .. . angulum. b5. Forewing with black streaks on inner side of subterminal line .. .. Nt. b'. Forewing with the U-mark and spot completely goidinen a’. Forewing with the marks forming an elongate V with bent ex- tremity. a3, Forewing with the extremity of V short. a+, Forewing with the subterminal line strongly angled inwards at middle... .. .. lavendula. b4. Forewing with the silNommaell ifioe nai angled inwards but with black streaks on its inner side .. .. .. circumfplexa. 63. Forewing with the ssahiemnl of ive lone and reaching or almost reaching postmedial line .. dawbet. b?, Forewing with the marks forming an elongate oblique vitta. a3. Forewing with white-edged subapical iunulate TATRM Ey We Meck oe sie ucliw rash, eer ee, ONACIMOldes: b3, Forewing without white-edged lunulate sub- apical mark Seer) set ia ee Soh ea See JOLY gramuna: 346 Annals of the South African Musewm. B. Forewing without stigma below end of cell. a. Forewing with brilliant brassy patch on terminal area ex- tending inwards below cell... .. .. .. .. .. «. .. Oopichalcea. b. Forewing without brassy patch. a*. Forewing olive-grey with dark patch on inner medial EECA oso aise acess 4 sah! PSG EE IMSS? gic Race Peay Weer Mame RCE br. Forewing chestnut-brown without dark patch on inner MLO CLA ana Ll seen uses kin viet eis ee INL pein ULSCe (1) Puusia exguisita, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 30 (1874). Hab. Natal, Northdene; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Bar- rett), Wynberg (Trimen), Hxp. 40 mill. (2) Puusta cHatcrtEs, Esp. Schmett. 141, 3 (1789). », ertosoma, Doubl. Dieffenbach’s N. Zealand, ii. p. 285 (1843). » verticillata, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 344 (1852). Hab. North and South America ; Europe; West Africa ; Sokotra ; British East Africa; British Central Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Durban (Leigh); Aden; Japan; China; India; Ceylon; Burma; Malayan and Australian regions ; Hawaii. Exp. 42 mill. (3) PLUSIA CHALCEDONA, n. sp. Head and thorax brown and grey ; tegule with a fiery red band ; metathorax with chestnut tuft; abdomen grey-brown; male with lateral tufts of long ochreous hair at base and towards extremity. Forewing purplish grey irrorated with black and largely suffused with red-brown; some brilliant metallic copper suffusion on inner half of medial area and on terminal area and a spot below base of cell; an antemedial silvery point below costa and oblique line from cell to inner margin, its upper extremity confluent with the silvery U-mark which is separate from the small elliptical spot beyond its lower extremity; the postmedial line silvery, oblique, minutely den- tate, angled outwards at vein 1 and with oblique straight silvery line beyond it from below costa to vein 3; the subterminal line indis- tinct, sinuous, bent outwards to apex and with silvery mark on it in submedian interspace; some silvery striae on termen from below apex to vein 3. Hindwing dark brown, the interspaces whitish towards base ; an indistinct discoidal lunule and postmedial line. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hzp. 30 mill. Type in B.M. The Moths of South Africa. 347 , (4) Puusia sestERTIA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 31 (1874). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall); Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen). Hap. 32 mill. (5) PLUSIA GEMINIPUNCTA, N. sp. 3. Head and thorax dark brown mixed with grey; abdomen fuscous brown. Forewing purplish grey irrorated with black and largely suffused with red-brown ; an antemedial silvery point below costa and oblique line from cell to inner margin; the U-mark small silvery and separate from the silvery ring-spot beyond its lower extremity ; the postmedial and subterminal lines dark olive-brown with silvery tinge on their outer edge, the former bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 3, then slightly incurved and oblique, the latter excurved below costa, then oblique and with geminate black spot beyond its middle before termen. Hindwing dark brown, the interspaces of basal half whitish. Hab. Natal, Mooi River. Hzp. 30 mill. Type in B.M. (6) PLusIA LIMBIRENA, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 350 (1852). Hab. St. Helena; British East Africa, Machakos ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Delagoa Bay (Junod) ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony (Dr. Smith) ; Aden; India; Ceylon. Exp. 42 will. (7) Puusta sienata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii. 2, p. 81 (1792). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Natal, Durban (Leigh) ; China; India; Ceylon; Java; Fiji. Hzp. 32 mill. (8) Pnusra ANGULUM, Guen. Noct. il. p. 350 (1852). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony (Trimen). Hap. 42 mill. (9) Puusta nr, Hiibn. Noct. pl. 58, f. 284 (1827). Hab. West Indies; Cape Verd Islands; Cape Colony, Capetown (Lightfoot) ; Persia; Japan; China; India. Hp. 38 mill. (10) PLUSIA LAVENDULA, 0. sp. 3. Iuilacine grey; palpi brownish at sides: tegulee with brownish band and black lateral points ; thorax tinged with brown ; abdomen pale grey with the dorsal crests mostly brown. Forewing with brown suffusion on costa before the antemedial line, on medial area except 348 Annals of the South African Museum. towards inner margin and on inner side of subterminal line; a sinuous silvery white subbasal line from costa to submedian fold ; the antemedial line silvery defined by blackish, sinuous and excurved in submedian interspace; the stigma below end of cell silvery, Y-shaped with its tail bent outwards; the postmedial line grey defined by blackish, minutely dentate and angled inwards in discal and submedian folds; the subterminal line excurved below costa, strongly angled inwards in discal fold and incurved in submedian fold with indistinct dentate brown line beyond it from costa to vein 3: cilia white intersected with brown. Hindwing whitish, the veins and broad terminal band brown; the under side with indistinct medial and postmedial lines. Hab. Cape Colony. Hxp. 44 mill. Type in B.M. (11) Pruszra crrcumruexa, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 2, p. 844 (1758). 7 patefacta, Wk. xii. 924 (1856). Hab. Europe; Madeira; Canaries; Transvaal (Ross) ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony, Grahamstown (Tuck), Capetown (Trimen); Persia; India; Ceylon. Hzp. 40 mill. (12) Puusia pauBE!, Boisd. Ind. Méth. p. 159 (1840). . dorfmeisteri, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 33 (1874). Hab. Europe; West Africa, Congo; Senegal; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen) ; India. Hp. 34 mill. (13)*Prusta aracunoipes, Dist. Entom. 1901, p. 280. Hab. Transvaal. Hap. 34 mill. (14) Puusta oxyeramma, Hiibn. Ziitr. p. 37, ff. 769-770 (1827). Abrostola transfina, Wlk. xii. 884 (1856). Hab. British East Africa, Machakos; Natal (Gueinzius), Mal- vern (Marshall); Western Asia; Japan, China; India; Ceylon; Java; Australia; Fiji. Hxp. 42 mill. (15) Puusia ontcHancra, abr. Spec. Ins. 11. p. 227 (1781). Hab. Azores; Madeira; Canaries; St. Helena; Ascension ; West Africa; British East Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal (Ross); Natal (Burrows), Malvern (Marshall), Durban (Bowker) ; Cape Colony, Grahamstown ; Mauritius ; Arabia; Japan; China; Formosa; India; Ceylon; Hap, 44 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 349 (16) Prusia Fracta, Wlk. xii. 920 (1856). Hab. West Africa, Congo; Abyssinia; Natal, Durban (Barker) ; India; Ceylon. Hxp. 38-42 mill. (17) Puusta aBnusa, Feld. Reis. Novy. pl. 110, f. 34 (1874). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Dordrecht, Knysna (Trimen). Hxp. 36 mill. AUCTORUM. Plusia melanocephala, Moschl. Verh. z. b. Ges. Wien. xxxiii. p. 297, ee: av, Hi, TLL (1884) Cape Colony. Sus-FamiIty NOCTUIN ZA. A. Forewing with vein 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. a. Abdomen with dorsal crests. a. Frons with upright saw-like corneous process bt. Frons without corneous process. a?. Thorax with paired dorsal ridge-like crests Prionofrontia. Antiophlebia. b?. Pro- and meta-thorax with spreading crests. a3. Palpi with the third joint long and naked. a+, Hindwing with the costa lobed at base .. CUidebasis. b+. Hindwing with the costa not lobed at base.. Labanda. b3. Palpi with the third joint short .. .. .. .. Risoba. e?. Thorax without crests. a3. Abdomen dorsally clothed with rough hair. a+. Palpi with the second joint fringed with hair in front. a5. Wings with the cilia crenulate. a°. Wings with the termen angled at middle . Lacera. b°. Wings aii the fevinen not angled at middle. a. Palpi with the second joint reaching above vertex of head .. Tavia. b7. Palpi with the second joint not reaching vertex of head .. .. Serrodes. bs. Wings with the cilia non-crenulate .. Facidia. b4. Palpi with the second joint smoothly scaled in front. a5. Palpi with the third joint long and dilated at extremity .. .. é bs. Palpi with the third sonath, siagilen ate, not dilated at extremity .. .. .. .. Catephia. b3. Abdomen smoothly scaled eaceul the dorsal crests . Abdomen without dorsal ai6'e a. Frons with truncate conical prominence with raised rim at extremity interrupted below .. bt. Frons with pointed conical prominence. Sphingomorpha. Polydesma. Proruaca. 300 Annals of the South African Museum. a’. Hindwing with veins 3,4 stalked .. .. .. .. Authadistis. b?. Hindwing with veins 3,4fromcell .. .. .. .. Proconis. ct, Frons without prominence. a?. Forewing without antemedial lobe and scale-tooth on inner margin. a3. Palpi with the second and third joints upturned ; frons without tuft of hair. a+. Palpi with tufts of hair on inner side of second joint at ane and on inner side of third joint .. .. . . .. .. Meliaba. b4. Palpi without tufts of hair on inner side of second and third 1, 5, Palpi with the second joint broadly scaled infront .. .. . - .- -- Calesia. bs. Palpi with the second “ita Serncthiy scaled in front. a®. Palpi with the third joint very long. a7, Palpi with the second joint b7, reaching above vertex of head .._ Mecodina. Palpi with the second joint not reaching vertex of head. a’, Hindwing with veins 3, 4 stalked or coincident .. .. Mesogenea. b®. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 AEN Gls, 56 Go a6 oo ROHN. b®. Palpi with the third joint minute .. Bareia. b3. Palpi with the second joint upturned, the third porrect; frons with tuft of hair. a4, Palpi with the third joint prominent .. .. Thermesia. b4, Palpi with the third joint minute, hidden in scales ; Acantholipes. c3. Palpi with the second on sone, ine third upturned; frons with tuft of hair.. .. .. Parathermes. d3, Palpi porrect . Rhanidophora. e3. Palpi CS rt the ona and third joint triangularly scaled .. .. .. Hypocala. b?. Forewing with antemedial lobe and calle: tooth on inner margin. a3, Palpi upturned. at. Palpi with the second joint broadly scaled in front 5 Plusiodonta. ‘. Palpi with the Fecond ‘tint simooihy sealed in front Menas. Calpe. b3. Palpi porrect .. B. Forewing with veins 7, 8, 9 Melieea 10 Fon cell So 06 oo = daaUGS, bristle ; dorsal crests. Genus PRIONOFRONTIA, nov. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the second joint reach- ing vertex of head and fringed with scales in front, the third long; frons with large prominence with vertical saw-like corneous edge in front; antenne of male bipectinate with short branches ending in a tibiee fringed with spinous hair above; abdomen with large Forewing with slight scale tooth at tornus; veins 3 The Moths of South Africa. 301 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 from just above angle ; 6, 7 from upper angle. PRIONOFRONTIA ERYGIDIA, 0. sp. 3. Head and thorax grey mottled with brown and black; pectus and legs ochreous, the tarsi banded with black; abdomen ochreous dorsally suffused with fuscous. Forewing grey variegated with brown and irrorated with black ; numerous indistinct strongly waved black lines; a subbasal ochreous white spot above vein 1 followed by a larger rufous spot with its outer edge produced to a tooth; three short subterminal streaks below apex. Hindwing ochreous; the terminal area suffused with brown, the veins of terminal area streaked with brown; a dark crenulate terminal line. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hzxp. 40 mill. Type in ivi, * Genus ANTIOPHLEBIA. Antiophlebia, Feld. Reis. Nov. p. 2 Cee AOTC ESCR Mase ee &. " Diesen Oracrcate. Proboscis aborted, minute ; ee ee her reaching vertex of head and moderately scaled; frons with pointed tuft of hair; antenne in both sexes bipectinate with moderate branches, the apical part simple; thorax with very large paired subdorsal ridges of scales arching over dorsum; tibiz fringed with long hair ; abdomen with dorsal crests on basal segments. Forewing with the inner margin excised towards tornus which is hooked ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, 6 from the areole; 11 from cell. Hindwing with vein 2 from towards angle of cell; 3, 4 shortly stalked ; 5 from above angle ; 6, 7 from upper angle. ANTIOPHLEBIA BRACTEATA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 99, f. 18 (1874). Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard); Natal, coast-belt (Barker) ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 3 46, 9 52 mill. Genus MELIABA. Type. Mehaba, Wik. xvi. 212 (1858). ... ... ... pelopsalis. MELIABA PELOPSALIS, WIk. xvi. 212 (1858). Hab. Natal, Durban (Gueinzius, Leigh). Hap. 40 mill. 30 302 Annals of the South African Museum. Genus CHDEBASIS, nov. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi with the second joint obliquely upturned, moderately scaled, the third joint long, naked, porrect; frons with tuft of scales; antenne of male almost simple; pro- and meta-thorax with tufts of scales; tibie rather hairy, the inner spurs very long ; abdomen with dorsal crests. Forewing narrow, the apex produced and termen oblique, the inner margin lobed at base; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, 7 from beyond the areole ; 11 from cell. Hindwing narrow, the basal half of costa highly lobed; veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 fully developed from well above angle of cell; 6, 7 from upper angle; 8 anastomosing with the cell near base, then running along it for some distance. *CHIDEBASIS OVIPENNIS, Nn. sp. 3S. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale reddish brown mixed with black; palpi blackish at sides; tegule with black medial line. Forewing pale red-brown irrorated with black; the costa spotted with black ; a curved black streak above base of inner margin; a waved subbasal line from costa to vein 1 with a blackish spot in the cell between it and the indistinct waved antemedial line ; claviform large defined by black and filled in with blackish ; orbicular and reniform large, elliptical, defined by black, the former somewhat oblique ; the postmedial line highly dentate, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved ; some pale points on apical part of costa ; traces of a waved whitish subterminal line; diffused blackish streaks on terminal area above veins 2, 3, 4,5; cilia blackish intersected with pale rufous. Hindwing pale fuscous brown; cilia white with brown line at base on apical half; the under side pale brownish, the costal area whitish irrorated with brown. ?. Vertex of thorax white ; abdomen whitish at base; forewing with the inner margin white expanding at middle up to submedian fold ; a white patch from outer edge of claviform and inner edge of reniform to costa and apical part of termen, a sinuous. white subter- minal line; the wings broader, the costa of hindwing slightly lobed. Hab. Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro). Hzp. 30 mill, Type in Coll. Druce. Genus LABANDA. Type. Labanda, Wik. xvii. 284 (1859) ... ... ... herbealis. LABANDA BRYOCHLORA, 0. sp. @. Head, thorax, and abdomen bright green mixed with black ; The Moths of South Africa. 353 pectus, legs, and abdomen ochreous, fore and mid tibize green above, the tarsi banded with black ; abdomen with subdorsal black points. Forewing bright green irrorated with black and slightly suffused on medial and apical areas with leaden fuscous ; a waved subbasal black line; a double waved antemedial line angled inwards in cell and submedian fold; a more prominent double waved medial line angled at vein 2, then incurved ; the reniform with black outline and pale green annulus ; a double waved postmedial line bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 3, then oblique, with white points at veins 3, 2, and 1, and another waved line just beyond it; an irregularly dentate subterminal line with a prominent angle at middle defined by black on inner side; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hindwing black-brown with some green and black on terminal part of vein 2; cilia ochreous and black. Under side of forewing fuscous brown, the costa purplish red with some white points ; hindwing white irrorated and the terminal area suffused with brown the apical area with red ; a prominent discoidal spot, a curved medial line, and two dentate and a curved line on terminal area. Hab. Natal, Karkloot (Marshall). Hzp. 38 mill. Type in B.M. Genus RISOBA. Type. Liisoba, Moore, P.Z.S. ISISHL, 0a BUS ye, ons Tepugnans. RISOBA OBSTRUCTA, Moore, P.Z.S., 1881, p. 328; id. Lep. Ceyl. lil. pl. 144, ff. 2, Qab. (larva). Hab. British East Africa, Tana River, Sambaru ; N’Gamiland (Lugard); North China; Loochoo Islands ; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Malacca; Java. Hap. 28-36 mill. Genus LACERA. Type. Lacera, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 836 (1852)... ... ... alope. LAcCERA ALopg, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii. pl. 286, E.F. (1779). Hab. British Centra] Africa, Zomba, Blantyre ; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch) ; Madagascar; Japan; China: India, Ceylon, and Burma; Malacca; New Guinea. Exp. 48-64 mill. Genus TAVIA. Type. Tavia, W1k. xiv. 1275 (1858).-. 0. 0... nycterina. Tavia nycrErRIna, Boisd. Fauna Ent. Mad. p. 109, ods}, 7 6 (1833). 354 Annals of the South African Musewnr. Tavia mstruens, Wik. xiv. 1275 (1858). Hab. West Africa, Congo; Natal, Mooi River, Durban (Innes) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett); Madagascar. Hzap. 56-60 mill. Genus SHRRODES. Type. Serrodes, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 251 (1852) ... ... mara. SERRODES INARA, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii. p. 239 EH. (1779). Phoberia korana, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 116, f. 3 (1874). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Congo; British East Africa, Neugia ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett); India, Ceylon, and Burma; Borneo; Java; Australia, Hap. 52-74 mill. Genus FACIDIA. Type. Facidia, Wk. xxxiii. 951 (1865)... ... ... mgrofusca. Facipia nigRoFuscA, W1k. xxxili. 952 (1865). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius). Hxp. 52 mill. Genus SPHINGOMORPHA. Type. Sphingomorpha, Guen. Noct. ili. p. 220 (1852) chlorea. A. Abdomen with dorsal seriesof white patches .. .. .. .. .. chlorea. B. Abdomen without dorsal series of white patches .. .. .. .. marshalli. (1) SPHINGOMORPHA CHLOREA, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii. pl. 104, C. (177$). ‘5 montetronis, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 406 (1875). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, North-west Nigeria, Congo, Angola; Soudan, White Nile; Erithrea, Massowah ; Abyssinia; British East Africa, Wadelai, Masailand, Neugia, Machakos; British Central Africa, Blantyre; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal (Gooch); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett); Aden; India, Ceylon, and Burma. Hzxp. 60-84 mill. (2) SPHINGOMORPHA MARSHALLI, N. sp. 9. Head and thorax clothed with black, brown, and ochreous scales ; tegulae with some white scales towards extremity; abdomen The Moths of South Africa. 300 ochreous irrorated with brown. Forewing variegated with ochreous and purple-brown and irrorated with black; the subbasal line repre- sented by obscure black spots with white scales on them below costa and cell; the antemedial line blackish defined by white on costal half, angled outwards below costa and on median nervure and ex- curved to inner margin; the orbicular a small black spot with white annulus, the reniform a black bar outlined with white and with reniform black-brown patch beyond it before the postmedial line which is minutely dentate and oblique from costa to vein 6, thence incurved to near origin of vein 2, then oblique to inner margin and with a white-edged triangular black patch beyond it on costa; an obscure dentate subterminal line; a terminal series of white points. Hindwing yellowish white, the terminal third suffused with fuscous brown; the under side with discoidal point and postmedial line angled in discal fold, the area beyond it irrorated with brown. Hab. Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall). Hap. 52 mill. Type in B.M. Genus CATEPHIA. Type. Catephia, Ochs. Schmett. Hur. iv. p. 94 (GUSH) Aan Ores eae eee are came alchemusta. Afdia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 260 (1827) ... ... leucamelas. Sect. I. Antenne of male bipectinate with short branches. (1) CarEpHIA NIGRESCENS, Wllgrn. Anteckn. i. Zool. i. p. 64 (1856). Agrotis inquieta, W1k. x. 340 (1856). Hadena teretiplaga, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iy. p. 170 (1860). Aiidia sofala, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 2 (1874). Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu; Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 28-36 mill. Sect. IT. Antenne of male ciliated. A. Forelegs of male fringed with very long thick hair; hindwing with fold and rough hair at tornus on under side. (2) CATEPHIA NATALENSIS, Nn. sp. $. Black-brown. Forewing with the apical area paler; the lines black, indistinct; the antemedial and medial lines waved; the orbicular a black point ; the reniform indistinct with a black annulus below it below base of vein 3; the postmedial line more prominent, sinuous, oblique from costa to vein 4 then retracted to an angle on 306 Annals of the South African Musewm. vein 1 near medial line and bent outwards again to inner margin ; traces of a pale waved subterminal line. Hindwing fuscous black with rather broad oblique white medial band from vein 7 to sub- median fold where it narrows to a point; a small subterminal white spot at vein 2 and a small spot at apex. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 52 mill. Type in IBEME B. Mid and hind femora of male very thickly fringed with long black scales ; hindwing suffused with black scales below. (3) CATEPHIA AMPLIFICANS, WIk. xv. 1810 (1858). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius, Gooch). Hap. 3 50, 9 54 mill. C. Mid tibiee of male very thickly fringed with long hair; hindwing with the base and inner area clothed with yellowish hair on under side. (4) Catepuia squamosa, Wligrn. Anteckn. i. Zool. 1. p. 64 (1856). Plusia mnconclusa, W1k. xii. 925 (1857). Anaphia discistriga, Wik. xiii. 1128 (1857). Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu, Tanga; N’Gamiland (Lugard); Natal, Durban (Gueinzius, Leigh). Hap. 34 mill. D. Legs of male normal. a. Hindwing with.the basal area white .. .. .. .. .. .. striata. b. Hindwing with white antemedial patch. a. Forewing without black subapical spots. a2. Forewing tinged with olive-green .. .. .. .. .. vurescens. b?. Forewing not tinged with olive-green .. .. .. .. duilcistriga. bt. Forewing with two black subapical spots .. .. .. .. bipuneta. (5) CATEPHIA STRIATA, N. sp. ?. Head whitish mixed with black; palpi marked with black at sides ; tegulee pale olive-green with a black medial line ; patagia and thorax black and brown; pectus, legs, and abdomen pale brownish irrorated with black, the pectus with purplish and white hair in front. Forewing pale brownish tinged with olive-green; the basal half suffused with black except the inner margin also the terminal half between veins 4 and 1; black streaks below the cell and on inner area before middle and on the veins of terminal area also some strie in the interspaces ; orbicular small black-edged ; reniform and transverse lines absent; some pale points on costa towards apex and some black points on termen; cilia black between veins 4 and 1. Hindwing white tinged with ochreous ; the terminal area black; the inner margin tinged with black; cilia ochreous black between veins The Moths of South Africa. 307 2, 3. Under side ochreous white; forewing with black discoidal lunule ; both wings with broad black subterminal band. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hxp. 30 mill. Type in B.M. (6) CATEPHIA VIRESCENS, Nn. sp. 2. Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-green mixed with black ; pectus with some purplish hair in front. Forewing pale brown tinged with olive-green and suffused with black especially on basal area, inner medial area and subapical area; an indistinct black streak in submedian fold; the antemedial line black defined by pale brown on inner side, minutely waved, oblique and bent inwards between submedian fold and vein 1; orbicular small, indistinct; reniform, large pale with blackish outline and somewhat constricted at middle; postmedial line black, minutely waved, very oblique from costa to vein 4, then inwardly oblique and with whitish point in submedian fold; traces of a dentate subterminal line; a black spot in submedian fold; cilia brownish intersected with black. Hind- wing black with antemedial white patch from subcostal nervure to submedian fold; cilia white, blackish at apex, below middle and at tornus. Under side brownish at base, with ill-defined white medial band, the terminal half black with a terminal series of brownish points. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hzp. 30 mill. Type in B.M. (7) CarEPHia DULCISTRIGA, WIk. xv. 1811 (1858). Hab. West Africa, Niger River ; British Central Africa, Zomba ; Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony; India; Burma. Lap. 28 mill. (8) CATEPHIA BIPUNCTA, 0. sp. 2. Dark reddish brown; head, thorax, and abdomen irrorated with white; tarsal joints ringed with white. Forewing with sub- basal black line from costa to submedian fold edged by pale brown on outer side; a subbasal black point in submedian fold; a black antemedial line from costa to vein 1 defined by brownish on inner side and slightly angled inwards on median nervure ; the postmedial line sinuous, bent inwards to costa and excurved at middle; a ter- minal series of small black lunules of which two below apex are more prominent and subterminal, the series crossed at middle by an oblique black shade from below costa. Hindwing black with ante- medial white patch between subcostal nervure and vein 1; the cilia and termen white below apex. Under side of forewing with medial 358 Annals of the South African Museum. white patch in and below cell; both wings with white points on the cilia. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 36 mill. Type in B.M. AUCTORUM. Anophia illegitima, Wilgrn. Catv. K. Vet. AikadeebiorhaliS75,ap:| 82) issues lesa webkanisveale Catephia personata, Wk. xxxii. 916 (1667): ) Mypellostts 25° :. a. tea) DOUth inca: Genus POLYDESMA. Type. Polydesma, Boisd. Faun. Ent. artis Lep. jo LOOKGIS33) i we ee ae Ban deep Collet ram: Hricera, Wik. xii. 1089 (1857) wee bee wee = MONGulata. Pandesma, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 438 (1833) ... quenavadt. Sect. I. (Polydesma). Pectus of male clothed with long hair; fore tibiz fringed with very long hair; under side of forewing with some long hair in cell, of hindwing with the basal area clothed with long silky hair. A. Under side of hindwing of male with diffused fuscous postmedial andien, Se fs. 50 0o oo. 6H ChiOUCOIG B. Under idle of ihfiadbne oi ae holy adineoms Rie | sealers IOLLOSES (1) PontypEsMA co~LuTRIx, Geyer. Zutr. 22. 443, ff. 885, 886 (1827). re umbricola, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Madag. Lep. p. 108 (1833). s sagulata, Wligrn. Gifv. Vet. Akad. Forh., 1875, p. 117. Hab. West Africa, Old Calabar, Niger; Upper Egypt, White Nile; British East Africa, Wadelai, Machakos; British Central Africa, Zomba; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Madagascar; Formosa; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans; Singapore. Hap. 50 mill. (2) PouypEsma otiosa, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 442 (1852). AF determinata, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 149 (1863). Hab. Damaraland, Kuisip River; India. Hap. 44 mill. Sect. II. (Ericeia). Pectus, femora, and tibie of male clothed with long hair, mid tibie with tuft of hair and large scales contained in a fold, hind tarsi fringed with long hair above. The Moths of South Africa. 309 (3) PonypEsmaA tnaNne@uLaTA, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 210 (1852); Moore, Lep. Ceyl. in. pl. 156, f. 6, 6a. Remigia congressa, W1k. xiv. 1510 (1858). Ophisma statina, Méschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxiil. p. 305, pl. xvi., f. 19 (1883). Hab. West Africa, Niger River; Ashanti; Natal (Gueinzius, Gooch, Burrows) ; China; Formosa; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans; Australia. Hap. 48-54 mill. Sect. III. Fore tibie of male greatly dilated and with ridges of scales enclosing a large hollow above. (4) PonypESMA GLOBULIPES, WIK. xxxili. 885 (1865). Brujas incwilis, Wik. xxxiii. 937 (1865). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Upper Egypt, White Nile; Abyssinia; German Central Africa, Tanganyika; Ovampo Land (Eriksson). Hap. 44 mill. Sect. ITI. (Pandesma). Pectus and fore tibize of male with shorter hair; under side of wings without long hair. A. Forewing with waved black streak below the cell .. .. .. basilinea. B. Forewing without black streak below the cell. a. Forewing tinged with green .. .. .. «2. «2 «. «. marmorifera. b. Forewing not tinged with green. a*. Hindwing with diffused brownish terminal band .. .. quenavadt. bt. Hindwing with broad black terminal band from costa to vein 2 MOS Sever btrsly tases hae Pbee mbes tli oe aia semester OPM DIE. (5) PoLyDESMA BASILINEA, Nn. sp. Head and thorax reddish brown slightly mixed with black; pectus and legs pale, the latter banded with black; abdomen brown, the ventral surface pale. Forewing pale suffused with red-brown and with a slight olive tinge; a waved black streak below the cell becoming straight and oblique below vein 2; a series of brown striz on costa; indistinct double waved subbasal and antemedial lines ; ovbicular and reniform with fine black outlines, large rounded and extending to below cell; the veins beyond the cell streaked with black; an indistinet double minutely dentate postmedial line, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique; an indis- tinct waved subterminal line; a terminal series of small black lunules. Hindwing ochreous white, irrorated and tinged with brown and the veins towards termen streaked with brown. Under side whitish ; both wings with slight discoidal spot and indistinct 360 Annals of the South African Museum. curved postmedial line, bent inwards and more prominent at costa of forewing. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. g 36, 2 40 mill. Type in B.M. (6) PotypESMA MARMORIFERA, W1k. xv. 1718 (1858). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius), Durban (Leigh). Hap. 9 44, 2 50 mill. (7) PotyDESMA QUENAVADI, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 488 (1852); Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii. pl. 156, f. 1. Thria robusta, Wik. xii. 1112 (1857). Pandesma opposita, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 149 (1863). Hab. Upper Egypt, White Nile; Red Sea, Suakim; British East Africa, Lari, Machakos ; Damaraland, Kuisip; Transvaal (Ross); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Basutoland, Maseru (Crawshay) ; Aden; Persia; India, Ceylon, and Burma. Hp. 40-56 mill. (8) PotypEsMA ampuHtx, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii. pl. 134, c (1779). Hab. Damaraland, Kuisip; India; West Australia. Huxp. 32-38 mill. GENus PRORUACA, nov. Type P. recurrens. Proboscis fully developed; palpi short, porrect; frons with large conical prominence with raised rim at extremity broken down below; antennee of female ciliated; thorax with slight crests behind collar and on metathorax; abdomen smoothly sealed. Forewing with veins 8 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. Hindwing with veins 3,4 from angle of cell; 5 from just above angle; 6, 7 from upper angle. Sect. I. Frons without ridges across the hollow of the frontal prominence. (1) PRoRUACA RECURRENS, 0. sp. @. Head and thorax grey mixed with black; tegule sie with black, patagia at extremities and metathorax plackisht pectus whitish ; abdomen grey tinged with brown, the ventral siatngs whitish. ens. wing grey suffused with fuscous especially on inner and terminal areas; a black point at base of cell; the subbasal line angled outwards to the antemedial line below costa, then oblique to its The Moths of Sowth Africa. 361 termination at submedian fold; the antemedial line very slightly angled inwards below costa to meet the subbasal line, then oblique to submedian fold, then incurved, with an indistinct line parallel to its inner edge; an indistinct medial line double towards costa, oblique from costa to middle of cell, angled inwards on median nervure and vein 1 and outwards in submedian fold; a white discoidal spot with a dark-edged lunule on it; the postmedial line bent outwards below costa, angled inwards at vein 5, at vein 3 recurved up to lower angle of cell, then sinuous to inner margin; a nearly straight subterminal line slightly bent outwards to costa and with some pale rufous on its outer edge; a fine sinuous terminal line. Hindwing white tinged with fuscous towards termen ; cilia white. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Hap. 36 mill. Type in B.M. Sect. II. Frons with ridges across the hollow of the frontal prominence. (2)*PrRoruAcA HARMONICA, Dist. Entom., 1901, p. 284. Hab, Transvaal. Hap. 46 mill. Genus AUTHADISTIS, nov. Proboscis fully developed; palpi porrect extending to just beyond frons, the second joint broadly fringed with scales below, the third short downturned ; frons with conical prominence; antenne of male bipectinate with long branches, the apical part serrate; metathorax with large tuft of scales; abdomen smoothly scaled. Forewing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 stalked; 5 from just above angle of cell; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell to near middle. AUTHADISTIS METALEUCA, 0. sp. Head and thorax purplish fuscous, the scales pencilled with grey, the metathoracic tuft black; abdomen white, often tinged with fuscous. Forewing purplish fuscous, slightly suffused with grey ; traces of a short double subbasal line ; the antemedial line black, oblique from costa to submedian fold, where it is obtusely angled and with traces of a line on its inner side; traces of a double sinuous medial line; the orbicular small, grey, defined by blackish; the postmedial line black, bisinuate from costa to submedian fold, then excurved to lower angle of cell, then strongly excurved again; the 362 Annals of the South African Museum. subterminal line indistinct, connected with apex by short streaks and slightly angled inwards in submedian fold; a fine waved black terminal line. Hindwing white, the costal area and termen more or less strongly tinged with fuscous; in female nearly the whole wing sometimes suffused with fuscous. . Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. GENUS PROCONIS, nov. Proboscis fully developed; palpi obliquely upturned, the second joint moderately scaled, the third long, naked; frons with pointed conical prominence ; antenne of male ciliated; tibize with the spurs moderate and with tufts of spinous hair on outer side; abdomen smoothly scaled with scale-crest on basal segment. Forewing with vein 3 from before angle of cell, 5 from just above angle; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 from near amet 6, 7 from upper ae PROCONIS ABROSTOLOIDES, Nn. sp. g- Head and thorax fuscous, the scales pencilled with grey; pectus and legs whitish, the tarsi banded with fuscous; abdomen white, dorsally tinged with fuscous leaving whitish segmental lines. Forewing grey, suffused and irrorated with fuscous brown; a fine curved black subbasal line from costa to vein 1 connected by a streak in submedian fold with the nearly straight antemedial line ; reniform large round and indistinctly outlined with black; the postmedial line indistinct, excurved from costa to vein 3, then retracted to below end of cell; an indistinct irregularly waved grey subterminal line; a series of black striz just before termen and a crenulate terminal line. Hindwing semihyaline, white, with some fuscous at apex and a crenulate terminal line with a series of points just before it. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hazp. 32 mill. Type in B.M. ‘Genus CALESIA. Type. Calesia, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 257 (1852) .... dasyptera. Asymbata, Gerst. von der Decken’s Reisen in Ost. Africa ui. p. 377 (1873) ... .:. rosewentris: A. Abdomen crimson; forewing with white spots .. .. .. .. vrosewentris. B. Abdomen dark; forewing without white spots .. .. .. .. pheosoma. The Moths of South Africa. 363 (1) Cauesia samBusiva, WIk. xxxiii. 962 (1865). As rosewentris, Gerst. von der Decken’s Reisen in Ost. Africa iii. p. 378 (1873). ; Hab. British East Africa, Arthi River, Machakos, Voi, Msokani, Kilima’njaro; British Central Africa, Chiromo, Chinde; Mashonaland, Zambesi, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Gadzima (Marshall). Hap. 44 mill. (2) CanEsIA PHHosoma, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. B.M. viii. py GO pole 47. 16 (AUSIS)1)). Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Southern India. Hap. 42-46 mill. GENus MECODINA. Type. Mecodina, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 372 (1852)... ... lanceola. A. Forewing without white bands formmmeaitorke.J) val We ne. subjecta. B. Forewing with white bands forming a fork PS 60 ac ac he SURO CTI. (1) Mecoprna supsecta, WIk. xxxiii. 1012 (1865). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Exp. 42 mill. (2)*MECODINA FURCIFERA, n. sp. 3&. Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown ; pectus and legs with rufous hair. Forewing black-brown, the costal area greyish irrorated with brown; a narrow very oblique white band from median nervure near base to middle of inner margin; a similar slightly incurved band from subcostal nervure before end of cell to vein 1, where it is met by a slightly excurved band from vein 7 towards apex, then with short stalk to inner margin, a diffused whitish mark above the outer edge of the Y. Hindwing black- brown. Hab. Natal. Exp. 42. mill. Type in Coll. Druce. Genus MESOGENBA, nov. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, the second joint smoothly scaled and extending to vertex of head, the third long and naked; antennez of male ciliated, a tuft of scales on vertex of head ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled; tibise with the spurs very long. Forewing rather narrow; veins 3 and 5 from close to angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form a long and very narrow areole parallel to the cell. Hindwing with 364 Annals of the South African Museum. veins 3 and 5 stalked, 4 absent, or 3, 4 stalked, and 5 from angle of cell; 6, 7 from upper angle; 8 running close along the subcostal nervure to near end of cell, the male having an elongate pouch con- taining a brush of long hair between the two veins on upper side. Sect. I. Hindwing with veins 3, 5 stalked, 4 absent. (1) MESOGENEA VARIANS, 0. sp. Head and thorax brown, often suffused with black, sometimes with white ; pectus, legs, and abdomen white, the tarsi banded with black, the abdomen dorsally tinged with brown. Forewing brown, finely striated with black, sometimes suffused with black on costal area or wholly except on terminal area, the basal area and the costal half to beyond middle sometimes white and the terminal area grey ; an antemedial black line sometimes present, angled outwards below costa and on median nervure and inwards in cell, below the cell oblique ; a postmedial line sometimes present, very oblique from costa to vein 3, retracted on median nervure to the antemedial line, then very oblique to inner margin, sometimes an indistinct subter- minal line present, angled outwards at middle. Hindwing semi- hyaline white, the veins and termen towards apex tinged with brown. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 24-28 mill. Type in B.M. Sect. II. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 stalked, 5 from angle of cell. (2) MESOGENEA VINACEA 0. Sp. Head and thorax purplish red; pectus, legs, and abdomen brownish white. Forewing pale purplish red, irrorated with a few black scales ; an indistinct antemedial line angled on median ner- vure ; a black point in middle of cell; an indistinct postmedial line very obliquely curved from costa to vein 4, then retracted to origin of vein 2, then excurved again. Hindwing yellowish white, suffused with brown. Hab. Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. Genus FODINA. Type. Fodina Guen. Noct. ii. p. 274 (1852) —...—... ortolus. FoDINA EMBOLOPHORA 0. sp. °. Head and thorax dark brown; the base of shaft of antenne and a bar across vertex of head white; palpi, pectus, and legs pale; The Moths of South Africa. 365 abdomen pale, dorsally suffused with fuscous brown. Forewing pale brown ; a white-edged black-brown patch running obliquely from upper angle of cell to inner margin near base and to a sharp point in submedian fold, then retracted with a curve to middle of inner margin ; a white-edged dark brown triangular apical patch ending in a point on submedian fold. Hindwing brown with oblique whitish postmedial line from costa to vein 2. Under side pale with the patch of forewing and a broad terminal band to both wings brown. Hab. Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro). Hzp.40 mill. Type in B.M. Genus BAREIA. Type. Bancia, Nils xve ISAO) (S58) pe eea es asa) CIUCLACIUSe BAREIA INCIDENS WIk. xv. 1840 (1858). Hab. West Africa, Lagos, Congo; British East Africa, Mu- thambi; Natal, Durban (Gueinzius, Bowker, Leigh); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 40-50 mill. Genus THERMESIA. Type. Thermesia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 270 (1827) ... genvmatalis. Tatormia, Butl. A.M.N.H. i Xvi. p. 408 (CUSTOM ete eee hes ea 8" sees) sen OUTTOWSE Sect. I. Antenne of male bipectinate. A. Fore coxe and femora and mid femora and tibiz of male clothed with long hair, the hind tibiz and first joint of tarsi fringed on both sides with long hair, and the next two joints on outer side. (1) THERMESIA aTRIPLAGA, WIk. xv. 1795 (1858). Toxocampa remota, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 174 (1860). Athyrma anguliplaga, Wik. xxxiti. 965 (1865). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Durban (Barker, Leigh). Hap. 42-46 mill. B. (Tatorinia). Legs of male normal; palpi of female with the second joint long and fringed with long hair above. (2) THERMESIA BURROWSI, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 408 (1875). Hab. Natal, Durban (Burrows, Leigh). Hp. 46 mill. Sect. II. Antenne of male ciliated. A. Fore and mid femora of male with thick fringes of flocculent hair. 366 Annals of the South African Musewm. (3) THERMESIA ANDERSON], Held. Reis. Nov. pl. 115, f. 13 (1874). Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett), Knysna (Trimen). Hap. 42 mill. B. Fore and mid femora of male without fringes of flocculent hair. a. Forewing with the postmedial line arising from apex... .. Jloxogramma. b. Forewing with the postmedial line arising from before apex. @. Forewing with the postmedial line acutely angled out- wards below apex .. .. .. ... .. .wrorata. b!. Forewing with the sontnanedial line sthnetielnt sine. a?. Forewing with curved antemedial line .. . zonaria. 67. Forewing double waved antemedial and dlaxtote ToOVSEh VL WHOS: | Sou) Gar oo cou ae Go So on on WaHIMalen (4) THERMESIA LOXOGRAMMA N. Sp. ?. Brownish grey with a slight purple tinge and irrorated with black; palpi black at sides; fore and mid tibiw and tarsi black. Forewing with waved fuscous antemedial line followed by a black point in the cell; a white discoidal point; a medial fuscous line oblique from costa to discocellulars, then almost obsolete and incurved; an obliquely sinuous fuscous line from costa beyond middle to the straight oblique rufous postmedial line arising from apex ; an irregular fuscous subterminal line, angled slightly outwards at vein 7, inwards in discal fold, outwards almost to termen at vein 4, inwards to postmedial line in submedian fold, then outwards to termen ; a series of black points just before termen. Hindwing with oblique rufous medial line; an indistinct fuscous highly sinuous sub- terminal line and series of black points before termen; the under side yellowish white except towards costa and termen and with dark irroration. Hab. Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall); Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 38 mill. Type in B.M. (5) THERMESIA IRRORATA, Fabr. Spec. Ins. ii. p. 506 (1781). Noctua sordida, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. 2, p. 50 (1794). Thermesia rubricans, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Madag. Lep. p. 106, pC sie Gs33). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Congo; Soudan, White Nile ; Abyssinia; British Central Africa, Zomba; Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony (Sir A. Smith); Madagascar; Japan ; India; Ceylon and Burma; Borneo; Java; North Guinea; Pacific groups. Hxp. 40-46 mill. (6) THERMEsrA zonaRiA, Dist. A.M.N-H. (7) 1. p. 229 (1898). Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant). Hap. 36 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 367 (7) THERMESIA HANSALI, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 117, f. 5 (1874). Hab. Upper Egypt; British East Africa, Neugia; Natal, Dur- ban (Gooch, Leigh) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Exp. 40 mill. AUCTORUM. Gracullodes amaponda, Feld. Reis. Noy. pl. 119, te 28S (4). Slvipe lost) 6. eee sey he eae Natal. Genus ACANTHOLIPHS. Type. Acantholipes, Led. Noct. Eur. p. 198 (1857)... regularis. A. Forewing with the postmedial line arising from close to apex and slightly incurved. a. Both wings with silvery line before the postmedial line .. trimeni. b. Neither wing with silvery line before the postmedial line .. ctrcwmdata. B. Forewing with the postmedial line arising from long before apex, then excurved. a. Forewing with the subterminal line oe curved and with bidentate line beyondit.. .. . -. annexa. 6. Forewing with the saivienainall Pane, sinuous ‘nad fithowt bidentate line beyond it. a. Forewing with the medial shade bent outwards round end OGelll ss os « 56 60 66 on | PUNT or. Flowemiians with the anadtell shail siiiftenne SA RCUUILOLO LO. (1) ACANTHOLIPES TRIMENI, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 7 (1874). Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hzp. 30 mill. (2) ACANTHOLIPES crrcUMDATA, WIk. xv. 1763 (1858). Hab. West Africa, Nigeria, Congo; Sokotra; British East Africa, Sabaki Valley, Kinsembo; British Central Africa, Nyasa ; Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro) ; Arabia; Western India. Hep. 24-28 mill. (3)*ACANTHOLIPES ANNEXA, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 230 (1898). Hab. Transvaal, Johannesburg (Cregoe). Hap. 34 mill. (4) ACANTHOLIPES RUFIRENA, N. sp. Brownish grey; palpi black, pure white at base; fore and mid tibie and tarsi black above. Forewing irrorated with black; the subbasal line represented by dark points below costa and cell; the antemedial line indistinct, waved; the reniform small with ochreous centre and rufous and black outline, rarely filled in with black ; the 31 368 Annals of the South African Museum. medial and postmedial lines indistinct, waved, angled outwards beyond upper and lower angles of cell and inwards in discal and submedian folds; the subterminal line ochreous defined by rufous on inner side, sinuous and with slight dentate marks on its outer edge at middle and towards costa; a terminal series of dark points or small lunules. Hindwing irrorated with black with indistinet waved medial, two postmedial and subterminal lines ; a fine waved terminal line. Under side of both wings with indistinct curved postmedial line and black suffusion on terminal area. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal. Huxp. 36 mill. Type in B.M. | (5) ACANTHOLIPES ARCTINOTATA, WIk. xxxiii. 989 (1865). Poaphila biguttata, Wik. xxxiii. 990 (1865). Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 26 mill. Genus PARATHERMHBS, nov. Type P. nigriceps. Proboscis fully developed;'palpi with the second joint porrect, reaching well beyond the frons and fringed with scales above and below, the third upturned, naked, long; frons with tuft of hair ; antennee of male ciliated; mid and hind tibie slightly fringed with hair above; abdomen smoothly scaled. Forewing with the apex slightly produced and acute, the termen crenulate; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anasto- mosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hindwing with the termen crenulate ; veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5 fully developed from a little above angle; 6, 7 from upper angle, A. Forewing with the postmedial line waved.. .. .. .. .. .. Migriceps. B. Forewing with the postmedial line not waved. a. Forewing with the postmedial line angled outwards at veins Gand4.. 2. . : .. digonmata. b. Forewing with the postmedial line excurved beyond the cell.. zygia. (1) PARATHERMES NIGRICEPS, Wlk. xy. 1595 (1858). Herminia mgrifrontalis, Wik. xvi. 238 (1858). as kerima, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 120, f. 38 (1874). Renodes pallidula, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 409 (1875). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Nigeria; Abyssinia; British Central Africa, Zomba, Likoma ; N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony (Sir A. Smith) ; Aden. Hap. 30-40 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 369 (2) PARATHERMES DIGONIATA, N. sp. 3. Reddish brown; palpi black, the third joint whitish at base and extremity; legs and abdomen irrorated with fuscous ; wings irrorated with black. Forewing with indistinct dark waved ante- medial line; a slight dark discoidal lunule; the medial line fuscous, dentate, bent outwards round end of cell, then incurved ; the postmedial line brown, defined on outer side by a pale line, angled outwards below costa and obtusely at middle, then oblique ; a subterminal series of small black spots, angled outwards at vein 7 and middle; a semicircular patch of dark shading on terminal area from apex to vein 3, at the spots developed into a grey line defined by black ; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing with slight dark discoidal mark; an indistinct waved medial line with the slightly sinuous brown postmedial line with a pale line on its outer edge just beyond it; a subterminal series of black points on an indistinct dentate grey line; a fine brown terminal line. Under side of both wings with dark discoidal spot, sinuous postmedial line, maculate subterminal line with dark suffusion beyond it on forewing and at apex of hindwing. Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Hap. 36 mill. Type in B.M. (3) PARATHERMES ZyGIA, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vu. p. 149 (1863). Thermesia vestispica, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 149 (1863). 3 Juscescens, Wik. xxxiii. 1054 (1865). Mi obumbrata, Wik. xxxiil. 1054 (1865). 53 morosa, Wlk. xxxiil. 1055 (1865). Sambina larvata, Wk. xxxiii. 1119 (1865). Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch), Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hxp. 32-38 mill. Genus RHANIDOPHORA. Type. Rhamdophora, Wllgrn. Gifv. Vet. Akad. Hovaapxyapaycilgn(L858)) ts 5-5. Phedonia. Enydra, Wik. Trans. Ent. She Ue ik Oe 0 (1862) .. Bah, bate -. .. cimctigutta. Sect. I. (Hnydra). Palpi with the third joint long. A. Forewing with the spots edged with black .. .. .. .. .. cinctigutta. B. Forewing with the spots not black-edged. Gi, OREN MiNE EME AOHON A (do do do 55 6a 66.00 00) ao 4G: o, Mloveenwyitiovss loenslons) OVW Gy bo 94 oo > 6n 60 006 on do CHIbRaninoKca, 370 Annals of the South African Museum. (1) RaanipopHoRA cincTIGuTTA, Wlk. Trans. Ent. Soe. (8) 1. p. 77 (1862). Tsochroa eburneigutta, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 100, f. 26. Hab. British East Africa, Machakos; British Central Africa, Zomba ; Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Hap. 36-42 mill. (2) RHANIDOPHORA RIDENS, h. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen orange fulvous ; palpi except at base, antenne, fore and mid tibie and the tarsi fuscous. Forewing pale grey-brown with round white spots at middle and at each angle of cell. Hindwing orange-yellow, with grey-brown terminal band from apex to vein 1, some specimens with the termen towards apex only slightly grey. Hab. British East Africa, Tana River, Machakos (Crawshay) ; Delagoa Bay (H. Junod, de Rougemont). Hxp. 40-46 mill. (3) RHANIDOPHORA AURANTIACA, N. Sp. @. Bright fulvous orange; palpi with the extremity of second joint and the third joint black; antennz, marks on fore tibiz and the tarsi black. Forewing with round white spots in middle of cell and at each angle, each defined by a slightly darker shade; a sub- terminal series of white spots in the interspaces. Hindwing clearer orange. Hab. Natal, Durban (Bowker). Hap. 46 mill. Type in B.M. Sect, II. (Rhanidophora). Palpi with the third joint short. (4) RHANIDOPHORA PHEDONIA, Stoll. Pap. Exot. iv. pl. 347, C (1782). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony. Hzp. 3 38, 9 44 mill. Genus HYPOCALA. Type. Hypocala, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 73 (1852)... ... deflorata. ' HyYpocaLA DEFLORATA, Fabr. Ent. Syst. il. p. 472 (1792). 5} plumicorms, Guen. Noct. ili. p. 75 (1852). Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu, Neugia, Kilima’njaro ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Bowker, Gooch, Leigh) ; India. Hap. 30-42 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 371 Genus PLUSIODONTA. Plusiodonta, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 359 (HSI) bos Sook hse Sed eens) och) ton COMMUTE NON TIE: Type. A. Forewing with the basal and terminal areas largely suffused with brassy gold. a. Hindwing with the interspaces semihyaline .. .. .. .. commoda. b. Hindwing with the interspaces brown. a@. Forewing without oblique pale diffused band from vein 5 to inner margin before the subterminal line Se en en LaLQlensis: b%. Forewing with oblique pale diffused band from vein 5 to inner margin before the subterminal line .. .. .. .. walhbergi. B. Forewing with the basal and terminal areas dark, slightly tinged WLW Ol er uarere cc soe! fycer wee. veccep ce Go 00 60 a6 “GUCHUIS. (1) Pnrustoponta commopa, WIK. xxxili. 844 (1865). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; British Central Africa, Zomba ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 40 mill. (2) PuustoponTA NATALENSIS, WIk. xxxiii. 843 (1865). a detracta, W1k. xxxiii. 844 (1865). 5 iripartita, Wk. xxxili. 845 (1865). m nummaria, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 111, f. 6 (1874). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius, Gooch), Malvern (Marshall). Hap. 40 mill. (3) PLUSIODONTA WALHBERGI, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110, f. 27 (1874). Deva africana, Holl. Psyche, vii. p. 10 (1894). Hab. West Africa, Ogové River; Natal, Durban. Hap. 30- 36 mill. (4) PLUSIODONTA NICTITES, n. sp. $. Head and thorax dark brown, slightly mixed with grey ; abdomen dark brown. Forewing dark olive-brown ; a silvery streak from base of costa to vein 1 at the oblique antemedial line, the area below it purplish; some brassy gold scales on costal area near base ; the medial area purplish with an indistinct oblique waved redial line; reniform with dark outline, its inner edge angled inwards at middle; the postmedial line double, bent outwards below costa, oblique to vein 3, then incurved, with golden spots on its outer edge above yeins 2 and 3; a dark-edged sinuous subterminal band expanding on inner area and suffused in parts with gold; traces of the two striz below apex, forming an open V. Hindwing fuscous brown. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hp. 38 mill. 872 Annals of the South African Musewm. Genus MAINAS. Type. Menas, Hiibn. Verz. p. 264 (1827) ... ... salaminia. Ophideres, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Madag. Lep. 18S OS QUCHIS)) enn heen webu Gecuecdniny on l-c5o8 . //UOINUGD. Sect. I. (Ophideres). Palpi with the third joint long and spatulate at extremity. A. Hindwing with black discoidal spot .. .. .. .. .. «.. «. maternd. B. Hindwing without black discoidal spot .. .. .. .. «-. «. dwittosa. (1) Manas materna, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 2, p. 840 (1766). Ophideres chalcogranmma, Wk. xxxii. 937 (1865). Hab. West Africa, Niger; Abyssinia; British East Africa, Wadelai, Athi-ya-Mawe; British Central Africa; Zambesi ; Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall) ; Natal, Claremont (Marshall), Durban ; Aden; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Christmas Island. Hap. 96 mill. (2) Manas pivitiosa, Wlk. Tr. N. H. Glasg. i. p. 356, pl. vii. f. 11 (1873). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Accra, Old Calabar, Niger ; British East Africa, Taro; British Central Africa, Zomba ; Natal, Durban. Hp. 100 mill. Sect. Il. (Menas). Palpi with the third joint very short and non- spatulate. (3) Manas sataminia, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. 2, p. 17 (1792). Hab. Cape Colony, Grahamstown; Madagascar; Japan; For- mosa; India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Fem: Australia; Fiji. Hap. 80-104 mill. Genus CALPH. ; Type. Calpe, Treitsche, Schmett. Hur. v. pl. ii. p. 168 (1825) fee ENGR: | tt ts See dllzs ena O) DULG 700m Sect. I. Antenne of male unipectinate, simple towards apex ; forewing with the inner margin excised towards tornus. * 1) CALPE PRovocans, WIk. xii. 943 (1857). Oresia hartmannt, Moschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxiii. p. 299, pl. xvi. f. 14 (1883). The Moths of South Africa. 373 Oresia cuprea, Saalm. Lep. Madag. p. 401, f. 238 (1891). Hab. West Africa, Old Calabar; Delagoa Bay; Natal (Guein- zius, Gooch, Millar) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F’. Barrett) ; India; Ceylon. Hap. 48 mill. Sect. II. Antenne of male bipectinate, simple towards apex; forewing with the inner margin not excised towards tornus. (2) CALPE HIEROGLYHICA, Saalm. Lep. Madag. p. 405, f. 208 (1891). Hab. West Africa, Niger River; Natal Victoria District (Gooch) ; Madagascar. Hap. 50-60 mill. Genus HARIAS. Type. Harias, Hibn. Verz. p. 395 (1827)... ... ... chlorana. A. Forewing with medial and postmedial transverse lines.. .. .. “insulana. B. Forewing with a terminal band and no transverse lines .. .. fulvidana. (1) Hartas rnsunana, Boisd. Faun. Madag. p. 121, pl. 16, f. 9 (1833). » plaga, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 118, f. 20 (1874). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Egypt; Sokotra; British East Africa; British Central Africa; Delagoa Bay (Kenrick) ; Natal (Gooch); Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen) ; Mauritius ; India; Ceylon; Burma; Marquesas. Hap. 22 mill. (2) Hartas FuLVIDANA, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. 1863, p. 143. » chromataria, Wlk. xxvii. 204 (1864). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Natal (Gooch); Japan; India; Ceylon; Andamans; Java. Hzp. 20 mill. Susp-Faminty ERASTRIAN 4. A. Forewing with vein 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. - qa. Abdomen with dorsal crests. a. Frons with rounded prominence with ridge across its caval 2.5 186s $an doe Ge (hOGiOn Suucrninis amon mcm CA(L0lei i x07 (i078 bt. Frons with rounded prominence .. .. .. .. +. Céderastria. ct. Frons without prominence. a2. Thorax with dorsal ridge-like crest .. .. .. .. Perciana. b?. Thorax without dorsal crest. a3, Hindwing with veins 3,4 stalked .. .. .. Maliattha. 63, Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from cell. 374 Annals of the South African Museum. a‘. Horewing with scale-tooth at tornus .. .. 64, Forewing without scale-tooth at tornus. a5. Palpi with the third joint very long and somewhat spatulate .. .. bs. Palpi with the third joint TnONlsme. a°. Forewing with the apex somewhat producedandacute .. .. .. .. 6°. Forewing with the apex no pro- duced 6. Abdomen without dorsal crests. a. Frons with rounded or truncate prominence. a’. Frons with long lobed plate below the prominence b?. Frons without lobed plate. a3. Forewing with scale-tooth at tornus .. 63, Forewing without scale-tooth at tornus b*. Frons without prominence. a*. Palpi with the third joint upturned. a3. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 stalked 63, Hindwing with veins 8, 4 from cell. a. Palpi with pointed tuft of hair at end of second joint Callopistria. Sarmatia. Zurobata. Hrastria. Megalodes. FHictalopha. Tarache. Hyela. Tathorynchus. ' b4. Palpi with the second sarin Bova scaled in front. a5. Prothorax with spreading crest bs. Prothorax without crest. a®. Palpi with the third joint long and acuminate b®. Palpi with the third sata Show and blunt Toxocampa. Raparna. Xanthoptera. c4, Palpi with the second aint smash scaled in front. a>. Forewing with the termen angled at middle . 65. Forewing with the seamen aomiadled 6. Palpi with the third joint porrect. a3. Palpi with the second joint fringed spit rough scales in front . Cosmophila. Callyna. Banana. 63. Palpi with the soreiall joint sanoaslslky scaled in front. a4. Palpi with the second joint smooth above, upturned ‘ b+. Palpi with the soeonnd ‘Gouun rierd “wel hair above, porrect . as B. Forewing with veins 9, 10 sansiomnesimne with 8 40 fom the areole .. C. Forewing fib eneallo, a. Forewing with veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked .. : b. Forewing with veins 8, 9, 10 stalked, 7 from cell. @. Frons with beak-shaped prominence bt. Frons without prominence. a?. Forewing with the apex not produced : b?. Forewing with the apex somewhat produced sind acute. . c. Forewing with veins 7, 8, 9 frellzad), 10 ot gill Brevupecten. Corgatha. Paroruza. Eublemmistis. Neochrostis. Metachrostis. Hublemma. Troctoptera. The Moths of South Africa. 375 Genus CNODIFRONTIA. Type C. dissemilis. Proboscis fully developed; palpi porrect to just beyond frons, which has a large rounded prominence with raised ridge across it; antenne of female ciliated; thorax without crests; abdomen with dorsal crest on first segment only. Forewing with the apex rather rounded, the termen obliquely curved, the inner margin strongly curved ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle ; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, 7 from beyond the areole. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 curved from below angle of discocellulars; 6, 7 shortly stalked; 8 anasto- mosing with the cell to near middle. *CNODIFRONTIA DISSIMILIS, Dist. A.M.N.H. (vii.) i. p. 228 (1898). Hab. Transvaal. Hap. 36 mill. Genus GADERASTRIA, noy. Proboscis fully developed; palpi obliquely upturned, thickly scaled, not reaching vertex of head ; frons with rounded prominence; antenne of male bipectinate with short branches ; thorax with crests behind the tegule and on metathorax; tibie roughly scaled ; abdomen with dorsal crests on basal segments, the crest on third segment large. Forewing with veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 from well above angle; 6, 7 from upper angle. CHDERASTRIA ECTORHODA, 0. sp. $. Head and thorax black-brown slightly mixed with rufous ; abdomen black-brown with the dorsal crests and anal tuft rufous. Forewing silky black-brown to the postmedial line, the terminal area pink-madder; the basal area variegated with madder; an oblique black striga on inner margin before the highly sinuous antemedial black line defined by madder on inner side ; the orbicular and reni- form with black outer line with madder ring inside it; an obscure madder patch below the cell; the postmedial black line strongly bent outwards below costa, dentate to vein 3 then strongly incurved, a fine line parallel to its outer edge with an olive-fulvous dentate line beyond it; a highly crenulate subterminal black line and a blackish spot on costa before apex. Hindwing pure white with a fine brownish terminal line and the cilia brown at apex. 376 Annals of the South African Museum. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 30 mill. Type in B.M. Genus PHRCIANA. Type. Perciana, Wik. xxxiii. 812 (1856)... .... .... marmorea. Sect. I. Forewing of male with veins 3, 4,5 approximated for some distance, then 5 curved upwards, and towards termen approxi- mated to 6, which is curved downwards, the termen distinctly excised below apex. (1) PERCIANA TORSIVENA, 0. sp. $. Purplish grey-brown. Forewing with indistinct waved brown subbasal and antemedial lines ; an oblique wedge-shaped dark brown pale-edged mark from middle of costa to lower angle of cell, where it ends in a black spot; a minutely waved postmedial line excurved from below costa to vein 3, then incurved; an oblique truncate triangular dark brown pale-edged patch on costa before apex, with two pale points on costa and an indistinct dentate line from it to inner margin ; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing brown. 2. Forewing with the wedge-shaped medial patch shorter, darker, and ending in a larger black spot. Hab. West Africa, Gold Coast, Akrapong Mountains (Carter) ; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Hap. 30 mill. Type in B.M. This species is closely allied to P. emarginata, Hmpsn., from India, which, however, is without the peculiar male neuration of forewing; they differ from the other species of the genus in the palpi being rather shorter, the antennz nearly simple, the dorsal crests of abdomen slightly developed ; the inner margin of forewing lobed near base and the termen of hindwing sinuous below apex. Sect. II. Forewing of male with the neuration normal, the termen hardly excised below apex. (2) PERCIANA LICHENOSA, N. Sp. @. Head whitish, black and green between antenne; palpi irrorated with black and green, the extremity of second joint pinkish ; forelegs marked with green and black, the coxze with red ; the tibie black with white rings; abdomen white irrorated with black, the dorsal tufts black, small lateral tufts on terminal seg- ments. Forewing sap-green mixed with greyish fuscous and pink ; the medial area grey and pale pink; an indistinct double waved The Moths of South Africa. 377 subbasal line ; a double black antemedial line excurved at middle, © then oblique; an indistinct waved medial line bent outwards in cell ; the postmedial line sharply angled outwards beyond upper angle of cell, incurved below vein 3, then sinuous and with a black bracket- shaped mark on it from below costa running obliquely towards middle of termen ; two indistinct waved lines beyond the postmedial line; the subterminal line minutely dentate, excurved at middle and white towards costa; cilia green chequered with black. Hindwing with the basal half white, the terminal half black, greyish towards tornus and with traces of waved medial, two postmedial, and a sub- terminal line ; cilia chequered white and black; the under side with discoidal spot and more distinct dentate lines. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hxp. 28 mill. Type in B.M. Genus MALIATTHA. Type. Malatiha, Wik. xxvii. 86 (1863) ... ... ... separata. A. Forewing with the basal area whitish. a. Forewing with brown medial band with dentate edges... signifera. b. Forewing without medial band, the terminal area brown with obliqueymmenecd Sep uns Be petra fs Ne Yc ne ce ee oe Vaatage B. Forewing with the basal area blackish .. .. .. .. .. .. varicolora. (1) Matrarrua stenirera, WIk. xii. 793 (1857). Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii. pl. 150, f. 4. Tarache perta, Schaus, Lep. 8. Leone, p. 36, pl. iii. f. 10 (1893). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Abyssinia; British East Africa, Teita ; Natal (Gooch), Malvern (Marshall); Japan; China; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans; Christmas Island; Australia. Hp. 18 mill. (2) Matrarrua viauis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 135 (1879). Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett); India. Hap. S 20, 2 22 mill. (3) MaLIATTHA VARICOLORA, n. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen greyish ochreous strongly irrorated and suffused with black; anal tuft of male ochreous. Forewing with the basal area black, slightly mixed with grey ; the medial area grey, irrorated and suffused with black, or in the Natal specimen flesh pink irrorated with olive and a few black scales from costa to submedian fold ; the orbicular and reniform large, indistinct, greyish 378 Annals of the South African Museum. with dark outline and centre, suffused with pink in the Natal speci- men; the postmedial line fine indistinct double, minutely waved, strongly bent outwards below costa, slightly angled inwards at vein 9, strongly incurved and whitish below vein 3; the area beyond it blackish to the irregularly dentate subterminal line which is strongly dentate inwards and white in submedian fold; the termen olive- green ; a fine terminal black line; the cilia grey and fuscous with a black patch at middle. Hindwing greyish suffused with fuscous black, very strongly so in female; traces of a discoidal point and of a postmedial line which is curved from costa to vein 3, then incurved, on under side more distinct and crenulate ; cilia greyish and fuscous. flab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. Genus CALLOPISTRIA. Type. Callopistria, Hiibn. Verz..p. 216 (1827; purpureofascia. A. Forewing with white patch on apical part of termen .. .. .. «sularis. B. Forewing with short oblique white streaks from apex and satdlflle oftermen .. .. 50 6a 00 oo RAACMKF OOK C. Forewing with fone inmeaellesis soliton Hing Sa ee een ecatmeniles (1) CaLLoPIsTRIA INSULARIS, Butl. A.M.N.H. (5) x. p. 230 (1882). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall); Burma; Borneo; New Hebrides; Solomons. Hxp. 26-30 mill. (2) CaLLopisTRIA RECURVATA, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 144 (1879); id Lep. Ceyl. i. pl. 151, £. 1. Hab. Sokotra; Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Tole River (Miss F. Barrett); China, India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; New Guinea; New Hebrides. Hap. 40 mill. (3) CALLOPISTRIA LATREILLI, Dup. Lep. Fr. Noct. iv. pt. 1, p. 327, pl. 120, f. 2 (1823). Hab. Southern Europe; West Africa, Congo; British East Africa, Neugia, Eb. Urru; Natal, Durban (Leigh) ; India. Hap. 26 mill. Genus SARMATIA. T ype- Sarmatia, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 25 (1854) ateritalas. SARMATIA INTERITALIS, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 25, pl. 5,1. 1 (1854). The Moths of South Africa. 379 Suma incongrualis, Wik. xxxiv. 1197 (1865). Hiab. British East Africa, Eb.Urru; Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett), Uitenhage (Banistow). Hzxp. 34 mill. Genus ZUROBATA. Type. Zurobata, Wik. xxxiv. 1276 (1865) ... ... ... rorata. A. Forewing with curved white subapical line .. .. .. .. .. .. Uithina. B. Forewing without curved white subapicalline .. .. .. .. .. latifera (1) ZuRopata wirnina, Holl. Psyche, vii. p. 113 (1894). Hab. West Africa, Aburi, Beinto; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 26 mill. (2) ZuROBATA LATIFERA, W1lk. Proc. N.H. Soc. Glasg. i. p. 375 (1869). Selems costalis, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 408 (1875). Hab. West Africa, Congo; Natal (Burrows). Hap. 22 mill. Genus HRASTRIA. Type. Erastria, Ochs. Hur. Schmett. iv. p. 92 (1816) fasciana. A. Forewing with round whitish discoidal spot. a. Forewing with ochreous brown antemedial band .. .. Jewcoglene. b. Forewing without ochreous antemedial band .. .. .. binorbis. B. Forewing with the reniform fuscous brown defined by black and connected by a streak with the postmedial line .. .. qwadrimaculata. (1) ErastRIA LEUCOGLENE, Mab. Bull. Soc. Ent. Belge, 1880, p. xvii. Hab. British East Africa, Tangani; Natal, Malvern (Marshall), Durban (Bowker, Leigh) ; Madagascar. Hzp. 18 mill. (2) ERasrRIA BINOBBIS, Nn. sp. @. Head and thorax ochreous; palpi mostly black at sides ; tegule in front and patagia and metathorax behind with some black and brown scales; tarsi banded with black; abdomen ochreous mixed with fuscous brown. Forewing ochreous tinged with rufous and irrorated with black; a curved black subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; a double antemedial line angled outwards below costa and excurved from cell to inner margin; claviform defined by black; orbicular and reniform brownish white defined by black, the former oblique elliptical, a diffused black medial shade passing 380 Annals of the South African Museum. between them; the postmedial line double, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, angled outwards in discal fold and inwards in submedian fold; the subterminal line indistinct, pale, defined on each side by diffused fuscous, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle; a fine terminal line ; cilia intersected with black. Hind- wing fuscous; the under side whitish irrorated with brown, an indistinct sinuous postmedial line and diffused subterminal line. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 26 mill. Type in B.M. (3) ERASTRIA QUADRIMACULATA, Mab. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 10s. 028). Hab. East Africa; Natal coast belt (Barker). Hap. 34 mill. AUCTORUM. Hrastria var ee W1k. xxxi. 792 ee ALANS MOSGoos 59002 Bog 050 oon KOWNIA) SURAICE), Genus MEGALODES. Type. Megalodes, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 261 (1852)... ... exima. Metaplioplasta, Wligrn. Kongl. Svensk. Vet. iNexcl, Islenadlll, Wwe 8, 30> 10) (QUSIS)= Sts as5 cen CHISOCUE!.. Sect. I. Frons with the process trilobate at extremity; antennee of male nearly simple. A. Wings with the ground-colour ochreous. a. Forewing with large rounded patches on basal and apical areas shaded with brown .. 2.) 2. achatina. b. Forewing without soumdledl maicheel on “Thowell smn orice areas shaded with brown .. se tres tumaed walica ence e Anis ieee OOSULOS B. Wings with the ground- oleae ine SG Gn bo) og 86. 60 | ba | CSOEI, (1) MaGaLopEs ACHATINA, Weymer. Berl. Ent. Zeit. 1896, p. 90. Hab. Central Africa; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Huzp. 34 mill. (2) Mueatopes ossirA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 39 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Capetown (Trimen). Hp. 26 mill. (3) Meaanopes insocra, WIk. xii. 788 (1857). Acontia concinnula, Wk. xii. 789 (1858). pyralina, W1k. xii. 789 (1857). 9? The Moths of South Africa. 381 Metaplioplasta sumo, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 17 (1860). Acontia cornifrons, Auriv. Gifv. Ak. Forh. xxxvi. (7) p. 66 (1879). Tarache porphyria (¢ ), Butl. P.Z.S. 1898, p. 420. Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Sokotra; British East Africa, Athi-y-Mawe; Damaraland; N’Gamiland (Lugard); Cape Colony; Ceylon. Hap. 34 mill. Sect. IJ. Frons with the process bilobed at extremity. A. Antenne of male bipectinate. (4) MEGALODES PIENAARI, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 223 (1898). Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal, Pienaar River. Hap. 30 mill. B. Antenne of male uniserrate. a. Forewing with the pale apical patch extending to vein 2 .. bwcephalidia. b. Forewing with the pale apical patch not extending to vein3 galactiplaga. (5) MEGALODES BUCEPHALIDIA, Nn. sp. 3. Head and thorax pale purplish grey; antenne brown ; abdomen yellowish white. Forewing pale purplish grey ; two indis- tinct lines from costa beyond middle, very oblique to upper edge of cell, then less oblique, angled outwards below the cell, then again oblique ; a large buff-coloured terminal patch extending from apex to submedian fold, its inner edge rounded and including the large reniform stigma, which is defined by a curved dark brown mark on inner side and by rufous suffusion on outer; the submedian fold streaked with brown towards termen; a brown terminal line; the cilia chequered brown and grey. Hindwing whitish strongly tinged with brown ; a fine brown terminal line. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard); Natal coast belt (Barker). Hap. 26 mill. (6) MEGALODES GALACTIPLAGA, 0. Sp. 2. Head and thorax red-brown; tegule ochreous; abdomen ochreous and brown. Forewing pale brownish ochreous mottled with purplish brown; a subbasal dark line from costa to submedian fold; the antemedial line oblique from costa to submedian fold, dentate inwards on vein 1 and outwards above inner margin; the orbicular greyish with pale annulus partially defined at sides by black and with an obliquely curved black line from it to submedian fold; the reniform a large cream-coloured lunule with rufous centre, 382 Annals of the South African Museum. the area between it and the dentate postmedial line blackish, the line being incurved to costa and below vein 3; a large elliptical cream- coloured apical patch extending to above vein 3, traversed by the diffused dentate brown subterminal line bent inwards to a blackish patch on costa and the pale patch defined below by a curved black streak. Hindwing ochreous suffused with fuscous brown ; the under side whitish irrorated with dark brown, a discoidal spot and post- medial line incurved below vein 3. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hzxp. 40 mill. Type in B.M. C. Antenne of male ciliated. (7) MEGALODES SIMILIS, Nn. sp. 3. Head and thorax purplish grey; pectus and legs black-brown and whitish ; abdomen yellowish white irrorated with dark brown. Forewing purplish grey suffused at base and on costal and inner areas with brown; the orbicular an elongate lunule with brown and ochreous centre, an oblique black line on an ochreous band from it to inner margin emitting black streaks on vein 2 and in submedian fold; a large ochreous patch on terminal area from apex to sub- median fold, its inner edge rounded and including the large reniform stigma which is defined by a curved dark brown mark on its inner side, by rufous suffusion on outer, with some rufous on it and with two short blackish streaks from its upper extremity ; the patch has the area below it brown and a curved subterminal line on it from costa to vein 4; a fine terminal line; cilia grey with a blackish line through them. Hindwing yellowish white irrorated with brown scales and with a fine brown terminal line. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. AUCTORUM. Metoplioplasta silus, Wllgrn. Cifv. af. k. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1875, p. 111 =... ~.... Transvaal. Genus ECTOLOPHA, nov. Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned, rather slender, reach- ing vertex of head; frons with rounded prominence; antenne of male laminate and minutely serrate ; thorax with crest behind collar and sharp dorsal crest ; mid and hind tibiz fringed with long hair ; abdomen smoothly scaled. Forewing with scale tooth at tornus ; The Moths of South Africa. 383 veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hind- Wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 from well above angle ; 6, 7 from upper angle. ECTOLOPHA VIRIDESCENS, Nn. sp. ?. Head and tegule whitish, the palpi, frons, and a streak on vertex fuscous; antenne brown; thorax yellow-green; abdomen whitish with dorsal segmental orange lines or dorsally suffused with orange. Forewing yellow-green, the costa streaked with fuscous; a fuscous patch on middle of costa usually present; a yellowish white patch on middle of inner margin edged with rufous; the postmedial line fuscous, oblique from costa to vein 6, curved and dentate to vein 2, then strongly incurved and rufous where it traverses the yellowish patch, a fuscous patch beyond lower angle of cell on inner side of the line; traces of a minutely dentate subterminal line often with some small whitish spots on it towards apex; cilia fuscous. Hindwing fuscous, yellowish white at base and on inner area. Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu (Crawshay) ; Mashonaland. Salisbury (Marshall). Hap.40 mill. Type in B.M. Genus TARACHE. Type. Tarache, Wubn. Verz. p. 261 (1827) ... ... ... lucida. Sect. I. Antenne of male bipectinate with short branches. (1) TARACHE ANNULELLA, 0. sp. White; palpi, lower part of frons, antenne, and abdomen tinged with red-brown ; tibiz and tarsi brown. Forewing irrorated with a few large brown scales; the basal half of costa streaked with brown ; an antemedial brown patch on inner margin ; the orbicular lunulate, indistinct, its centre tinged with yellow; a red-brown lunule before and below the inverted-comma-shaped reniform ; the terminal area tinged with ochreous ; three minute black annuli on costa towards apex ; an oblique rufous patch from apex with an indistinct dentate line arising from it and a blackish mark beyond it on inner area; the termen rufous with irregularly sinuous pale subterminal line. Hind- wing yellowish white suffused with brown and with indistinct waved brown postmedial line. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Cape Colony, Heald Town (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24-30 mill. 32 384 Annals of the South African Museum. Sect. II. Antenne of male ciliated. A. Frons with truncate conical prominence with raised rim at extremity. a. Frontal prominence long, its lower edge produced to a point. (2) TARACHE SPHENDONISTIS, N. sp. @. Head black ; palpi white below; thorax pure white ; tibize and tarsi banded with black; abdomen white with fuscous dorsal lines, the anal tuft ochreous. Forewing white; the basal area with numerous blue-grey splotches; triangular black medial and post- medial spots on costa; a black hoop open below just beyond the cell; the terminal area olive- and grey-brown, its inner edge angled inwards at vein 6 nearly to the hoop and at vein 2 to before middle of wing; the postmedial line indistinct and dentate beyond the cell, below the cell bent inwards to middle of wing and black with some cupreous scales on its outer edge; the subterminal line indistinct dentate, bent inwards and cupreous below vein 2, with a white point at costa, some white irroration below apex and below middle a dis- integrated white patch on termen and cilia; a terminal series of black lunules with two spots at apex and one above tornus. Hind- wing brownish black with white postmedial spot on costa; cilia white, fuscous at apex; under side white with obsolescent fuscous antemedial band, discoidal spot, maculate postmedial band excurved beyond cell and the terminal area black. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Basutoland, Maseru (Craw- shay). Hap. 40 mill. Type in B.M. b. Frontal prominence short, its lower edge not produced. a. Frontal prominence large. (3)*TARACHE ACCOLA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 22 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Capetown. Hzxp. 30 mill. bt. Frontal prominence minute. (4)*TARACHE SEMIPLUMBEA, 0. sp. ?. Head, tegule, and outer part of patagia white; antenne brown except towards base; thorax fuscous brown; abdomen dor- sally brown, ventrally white. Forewing white, the inner half dark leaden grey to the broad oblique subterminal band with irregularly sinuous edges, the inner area expanding into a small spot in middle of cell; three points on costa ; a terminal series of black points and a black patch on cilia above middle. Hindwing white tinged with brown, especially towards termen ; cilia white; the under side white The Moths of South Africa. 385 with black discoidal spot, curved brown subterminal line obsolete towards inner margin and fuscous terminal band from costa to vein 3 towards which it becomes obsolescent and maculate. Hab. Cape Colony, Bedford (M. Weale). Hzp. 50 mill. Type in Coll. Druce. B. Frons with rounded prominence. a. Hindwing of male with the ground colour pure white. . Forewing with oblique white band from costa before apex to base of inner margin .. . SEC MNCCILEIUC b'. Forewing without oblique white bern Season ean before apex. a?. Forewing with oblique dark band from base of costa wmbrigera. b?. Forewing without oblique dark band from base of costa. a3. Forewing with the postmedial white patch produced on costa to a point. a+, Forewing with oblique dark medial band from costa... .. . . .. margaritata.” 64. Forewing without Sistine: diane qnattel band ROW COM oo oo -. .. Wwahibergt. 63, Forewing with the nostarnedttel white patch truncate towards apex. a4, Head wholly black. as. Analtuftorange.. .. .. .. .. .. chrysoproctis. by Analeiuttaw Mite sae ee a se ae Caprarta. 64. Head with some white on athe na 00 90 WUC 6. Hindwing of male orange or yellow. a. Forewing white and black-brown. a?, Forewing with quadrate white postmedial spot with dark band before it ne pte . .. «. tripheenoides. b?. Forewing with the postmedial whe saerisings on costa conjoined to the basal markings. a3. Metathorax with large tuft of black scales -. hyperlophia. 63. Metathorax without tuft of black scales. a+. Head wholly black. . Forewing with the terminal band angled inwards above veind5.. .. .. .. .. gradata. b5. Forewing with the senna band not angled inwards above vein5 .. .. .. spangbergi. 64. Head with the lower part of frons and vertex in male whitish. a>. Forewing with small black discoidal bar dispar. 65. Forewing with rounded grey orbicular and reniform stigmata .. .. .. .. natalis. c5, Forewing with the orbicular almost obsolete, the reni- form greyish. a°. Hindwing with the terminal band narrowing on tornal area in female.. wallengreni. a°. Hindwing with the terminal band expanding on tornal area in female crocata. bt, Forewing yellowish and black-brown. a’. Forewing with the costal fascia not expanding to iaqavere wankeyAeaia AWE IRIS’ 56 55 5a 8H oo ne aa (delopiunten 386 Annals of the South African Museum. b?. Forewing with the costal fascia expanding to inner marginatbaseinmale.. .. .. .. .. .. .. guttifera. c. Hindwing of male brownish white. a‘. Forewing with the basal half white, the stigmata with black outlines. a. Forewing with grey discoidal patch, the stigmata obsolescent .. .. Se ee een elepideds b?. Forewing without grey discotel ween «. «. «- ascoidea. b'. Forewing with the basal half yellowish white, the stig- mata grey .. . .. tropica. c'. Forewing with the Those half clouded sail lite: -grey, the stigmata large ye .. .. nubilata. @. Forewing with the basal half Blonded sh brown. a’. Forewing with the stigmata large .. .. .. .. Jewcostigmata. b?. Forewing with the stigmata small. a3. Forewing with the veins of costal area streaked with brown .. ee LONNCTACTOR 63, Forewing with ie veins oi costed area ee streaked with brown. a4, Forewing with distinct seats band arising from apex .. .. . .. flavitermina. 64. Forewing with peer Treo Trend from before apex, with ochreous line on its outer edge .. we aig Uae) Meee esha IQTUSCOl ass et, Forewing with the ‘pagel half ay. a’. Forewing with white stripe in submedian interspace vrectiradiata. 6?. Forewing with black streak in medial part of sub- TECK NOL 55 oo 56 66 46 06 00 ve 00 CORMARZHE. (5) TARACHE CATENA, Sowerby Brit. Mise. p. 29, pl. 14 (1806). Hab. Abyssinia; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); India ; Burma. Hzxp. 40 mill. (6) TARACHE UMBRIGERA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 34 (1874). Acontia trimaculata, Auriv. Cifvy. Ak. Forh. xxxvi. (7) p. 60 (1879). Hab. British East Africa, Tsaro; Angola, Kisembo; Damara- land; N’Gamiland (Lugard); Cape Colony, Murraysberg (Trimen). Hap. 34 mill. (7) TaRaAcHE maRGARITATA, Drury Ill. Exot. Ins. iii. pl. 21, f. 6 (1782). Acontia bohemanni, Wllgrn. Auteckn. i. Zool. i. p. 58 (1856). sh monilifera, W1k. xii. 798 (1857). x unio, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 32 (1874). Hab. Natal (Gooch, Trimen). Hzp. 40 mill. (8) TARACHE WAHLBERGI, Wllern. Auteckn. i. Zool. 1. p. 58 (1856). Acontia urbani, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 35 (1874). The Moths of South Africa. 387 Hab. West Africa, Accra; British East Africa, Sabaki Valley ; Natal, Isilpingo (Marshall), Durban (Gooch, Leigh, Trimen). Hp. 32 mill. (9) TARACHE CHRYSOPROCTIS, Nn. sp. 3. Head black; palpi white below; thorax pure white, tibiz and tarsi banded with black; abdomen white with fuscous dorsal bands, the anal tuft orange. Forewing white; two short blue-grey subbasal lines ; two waved pale green antemedial lines followed by a green patch on costa and short streak above median nervure ; a black discoidal point; a small triangular green postmedial spot on costa ; the terminal area purple-grey shading to sap-green on its inner edge, which is slightly angled inwards at vein 5 where it is joined by a short green striga, at vein 3 angled inwards to middle; a medial black spot below vein 2; an indistinct waved black subterminal line with some blue-grey irroration beyond it and a black spot on inner margin ; a white patch on termen below middle and cilia from middle to just above tornus. Hindwing pure white with terminal black band narrowing from costa to a point at vein 1; the under side with postmedial spot on costa. _Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hzp. 36 mill. Type in B.M. (10) TaRACHE CAFFRARIA, Cram. Pap. Exot. i. p. 82, pl. 174 F. (1779). Acontua komaga, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 33 (1874). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Bowker, Leigh) ; Cape Colony, Knysna, Capetown (Trimen). Hzp. 36 mill. (11) Taracue antica, WIk. Trans. Ent. Soe. (3) i. p. 90 (1862). Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 24 mill. (12) TaRACHE TRIPHZNOIDES, Wligrn. Auteckn. i. Zool. i. p. 59 (1856). Acontia liturifera, Wik. xxxili. 784 (1865). 2h tromenw, Wilgrn. Gify. Ak. Forh. 1875, p. 110. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Transvaal (Mar- shall); Natal, Newcastle, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 34-38 mill. (13) TARACHE HYPERLOPHIA, 0. sp. ¢. Head and thorax white; palpi at extremity, a band across frons and antenne black; metathorax with a tuft of glossy black scales ; abdomen yellow with short dorsal black bands and laterai 388 Annals of the South African Museum. points, the ventral surface white. Forewing white, a subbasal grey striga from costa; two waved antemedial lines arising from costal spots, the inner obsolescent towards costa and with a spot on inner margin; medial and postmedial grey spots on costa; the orbicular and reniform grey-edged ; the postmedial line grey, dentate, angled outwards on veins 6 and 4, then strongly incurved, with a large olive-brown and grey patch beyond it on apical area, a smaller patch before and beyond it at middle with two dentate black marks before the line and a large quadrate patch before and beyond it from vein 3 to inner margin, these patches partly confluent with terminal patches at middle and tornus ; a terminal series of black points; cilia grey with some white above and below middle. Hindwing bright yellow ; a more or less developed blackish discoidal point and an obsolescent terminal band from apex to vein 2. ?. Forewing with dark markings beyond the antemedial line conjoined on inner area to the dark patch on postmedial line. Huind- wing with the terminal band more developed. Hab. Transvaal (Ross) ; Natal, Weenen, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 28-30 mill. (14) TaracHE Grapata, WIk. xii. 788 (1857). Hab. Natal coast belt (Barker); Cape Colony, Grahamstown (Drége). Hap. 38 mill. (15)*TARACHE SPANGBERGI, Auriv. Gifv. Ak. Férh. xxxvi. (7) p. 62 (1879). Hab. Damaraland. Hzp. 30 mill. (16) TaracHE pispaR, WIk. xii. 790 (1857). Hab. Natal, Newcastle, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Basutoland, Maseru (Crawshay); Cape Colony, Grahamstown (Trimen). Hap. 32 mill. (17) TaracHE NaTALIs, Guen. Noct. il. p. 217 (1852). Acontia parilis, Wllgrn. Auteckn. i. Zool. i. p. 60 (1856). » adulterina, Wilgrn. Auteckn. i. Zool. i. p. 60 (1856). » guttistrigata, Wlk. xxxui. 784 (1865). » formosa, Butl A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 404 (1875). rectangularis, Auriv. Gifv. Ak. Forh. xxxvi. (7) p. 64 (1879). Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu, Eb. Urru; Damaraland; Transvaal, Johannesburg (Rose); Natal, Weenen, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Basutoland, Maseru (Crawshay) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Grahamstown. Hap. 28 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 389 (18)*TARACHE WALLENGRENI, Auriv. Gify. Ak. Férh. xxxvi. (7) p. 61 (1879). Hab. Damaraland. Hzp. 32 mill. (19) TaracHE crocara, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 218 (1852). Hab. British East Africa, Machakos ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Formosa; India; Burma. Hzp. 22 mill. (20) TARACHE BIDENTATA, N. sp. Head and tegule grey-brown ; patagia and thorax chocolate-brown ; pectus and legs orange-yellow and dark brown; abdomen orange- yellow dorsally suffused with fuscous. Forewing deep chocolate- brown ; an ochreous costal fascia whitish towards lower edge which is dentate at middle and end of cell and tapering to a point just before apex ; an indistinct black postmedial line, minutely dentate, oblique from costa to vein 3 then bent inwards to below end of cell. Hindwing orange-yellow with rather broad diffused fuscous terminal band. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hzxp. 30 mill. Type in B.M. (21) TaracHE GuTTIFERA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 26 (1874). Hab. Angola, Ambriz; Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro) ; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch), Durban (Bowker). Hap. 24 mill. (22) TARACHE EULEPIDEA, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. iv. p. 514 (1896) Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard); Ceylon. Hap. 22 mill. (23) TaRAcHE DiscoipEA, Hoffn. Peter’s Reise Moz. p. 433, pl. 28, f. 9 (1862). Catophasia upsilon, Wk. xxxiii. 763 (1865). Hab. West Africa, Congo; Angola, Ambriz; British East Africa, Sabaki Valley, Kilima’njaro, Samburu; N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Natal, Durban (Leigh) ; India. Hap. 30 mill. (24) TaracHE TRoPiIca, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 217 (1852). Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. pl. 150, f. 2. Acontia transfigurata, Wllgrn. Auteckn. i. Zool. i. p. 59 (1856). zellert, Wllgrn. Auteckn. i. Zool. i. p. 59 (1856). » gratiosa, Wlilgrn. Auteckn. i. Zool. i. p. 59 (1856). » wmutatriz, Wligrn. Auteckn. i. Zool. i. p. 59 (1856). tinctilis, Wilgrn. ify. Ak. Foérh. 1875, p. 109. 390 Annals of the South African Museum. Hab. British East Africa, Teita; Transvaal; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony, Caffraria; China; Formosa ; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Borneo; Java; Celebes. Exp. 23 mill. - (25) TARACHE NUBILATA, Nn. sp. ¢. Head and thorax white; palpi at tips, sides of frons, and vertex of thorax tinged with fuscous ; forelegs banded with brown ; _ abdomen pale yellowish brown above, white below. Forewing white very largely clouded with grey-brown; the base of inner area white ; the costal area white except at base and apex, its medial part clouded with brown; the orbicular and reniform round grey, partly defined by white and with short white streaks before the former and below the latter ; the antemedial line indistinct, very oblique from costa to orbicular, then inwardly oblique; the postmedial line strongly ex- curved beyond the reniform, then incurved and blackish ; the termen white with a series of black points; traces of an irregularly sinuous subterminal line incurved and dentate below vein 2 and with a blackish spot with yellowish patch beyond it at tornus; cilia with brown patches at apex and above and below middle. Hindwing yellowish white with some brown suffusion on terminal area. Hab. Natal, Durban (Gooch). Exp. 30 mill. Type in B.M. (26) TARACHE LEUCOSTIGMATA, n. sp. @. Head and thorax grey irrorated and clouded with fuscous; pectus, legs, and abdomen pale ochreous irrorated with dark brown. Forewing grey slightly irrorated with black and strongly clouded with dark brown, especially on medial area; the antemedial line black with a brown line on its inner edge, angled outwards on median nervure, inwards in submedian fold and excurved to inner margin; the orbicular moderate in size, white and pointed; the reniform large whitish ; the postmedial line black with grey line on its outer edge, oblique from costa to vein 6, then minutely waved, angled outwards on vein 4, then incurved; a diffused whitish sub- terminal line, slightly angled outwards at vein 6 and with the area beyond it rufous; a terminal series of blackish points; cilia mixed grey and black. Hindwing ochreous whitish, heavily or almost completely suffused with brown and with indistinct curved fuscous postmedial and diffused subterminal lines ; a terminal series of black points. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Capetown (Trimen). Exp. 38 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 391 (27) TaracHE ToRREFACTA, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 223 (1898). Hab. British East Africa, Eb. Urru; Transvaal (Ross). Hzp. 28 mill. (28) TARACHE FLAVITERMINA, 0. sp. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-white irrorated with brown;. forelegs brown above. Forewing with the base of inner area and the costal area to the postmedial line brownish grey irrorated with brown ; the rest of wing brown to the postmedial line with a black point representing the orbicular and a small dark-edged reniform ; the postmedial line strongly excurved below costa, then becoming very oblique and forming the inner edge of the oblique purplish brown band from apex which expands at inner margin ; the subter- minal line excurved below costa then forming a dentate yellow outer edge to the brown band; the terminal area yellow with some red- brown suffusion and a terminal series of black points; cilia purplish grey, yellowish above tornus. Hindwing yellowish white suffused with brown; a discoidal point, the veins, and a diffused termina! line brown. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss IF. Barrett), Hap. 28 mill. Type in B.M. (29) TARACHE GRISEOLA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 10 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Plettenberg Bay, Knysna (Trimen). ap. 28-30 mill. (30) TARACHE RECTIRADIATA, 0. sp. 2. Head, tegule, patagia, and metathorax pale brown mixed with black, vertex of thorax grey; pectus, legs, and abdomen ochreous white, streaks on tibiz and the tarsi blackish, the abdomen dorsally irrorated with brown. Forewing bluish grey; a yellowish white fascia below the cell and vein 2 from base to near termen with blackish streaks on its edges; two somewhat oblique black streaks on inner area ; the orbicular and reniform small, black-edged, whitish and with dark scales at centre; the veins of terminal area streaked with black; yellowish white streaks above and below basal part of vein 5 and an apical spot; a bluish white fascia on each side of vein 6; a crenulate black line just before termen with dentate whitish marks on it; cilia chequered yellowish white and black. Hindwing ochreous tinged with fuscous, the veins streaked with fuscous and the terminal area fuscous ; cilia whitish. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Hap. 30 mill. Type in B.M. 392 Annals of the South African Museum. (31) TARACHE CONNECTENS, N. sp. ?. Head and thorax grey mixed with brown and fuscous ; pectus and legs whitish, fore tibize and the tarsi banded with black ; abdo- men brown, whitish below. Forewing clothed with white, grey, and brown scales; a slight black streak in base of submedian fold; the antemedial line represented by an oblique striga from costa and slight streaks in cell and above and below vein 1; a prominent streak in medial part of submedian fold connecting the ante- and post-medial lines; orbicular defined above by black and connected with the black inner edge of the reniform, which is otherwise obso- lete, by a black streak; the postmedial line excurved from costa to vein 3, then strongly incurved and at vein 4 traversed by a black streak. Hindwing white, the marginal areas strongly tinged with brown. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Hzxp. 28 mill. Type in B.M. AUCTORUM. Acontia guttistrigata, Wlk. xxxii. 784 @8Ga)re Ey pelosti tess ieee ease eee SOUL eure Genus HYELA. Type. Hyela, Steph. Cat. Lep. Brit. B.M. p. 149 (1850) wncwla. A. Forewing without white streak on median nervure.. .. .. tristigmatias. B. Forewing with white streak on median nervure. a. Forewing with the basalareadark.. .. .. .. .. .. albifissa. b. Forewing with the basal area ochreous white .. .. .. albibasis. (1) HyBLA TRISTIGMATIAS, N. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown mixed with fuscous. Forewing pale yellowish brown, the basal area irrorated with fuscous; the medial area wholly suffused with fuscous except inner area ; a highly sinuous double antemedial black line; the orbicular rounded with pale brownish centre and black edges; the reniform rounded, slightly constricted at middle with pinkish centre and black outline, an indistinct line oblique from costa to its inner side, incurved below it and slightly angled outwards on vein 1; the postmedial line dentate, strongly bent outwards below costa, and incurved below vein 3; a dentate subterminal line with a dentate band of fuscous suffusion beyond it. Hindwing brown, suffused with fuscous with a discoidal spot and curved postmedial line more distinct on under side ; cilia pale brown. The Moths of South Africa. 393 Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu (Crawshay), Arthi River (Betton) ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hxp. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (2) Hyrna aLBIFISsA, n. sp. ¢. Head and thorax bright ferruginous and whitish: abdomen ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Forewing bright ferruginous ; a whitish fascia from base of inner margin to origin of vein 2 then as a streak on median nervure and at end of cell forking on veins 4, 5 and ending at the postmedial line ; the veins of costal area streaked with fuscous and grey scales; an ochreous fascia in and beyond cell; the inner area ochreous with a bright rufous streak below base of vein 2; two blackish discoidal points; the postmedial line white, bent outwards below costa to near termen and joined by a blackish streak fron» apex, then oblique, the area beyond it pink suffused with white and irrorated with black on each side of the indistinct whitish subterminal line ; cilia ferruginous at base, whitish at tips. Hind- wing pale yellowish, the costal and terminal areas slightly irrorated with brown; the under side with indistinct discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall). Exp. 26 mill. Type in B.M. (3) HyELA ALBIBasiIs, n. sp. 2. Head and thorax ochreous white; palpi, antennz, and base of patagia brownish ; abdomen ochreous white irrorated with brown. Forewing with the basal third ochreous white bounded by a fine obliquely curved black line ; the rest of wing pale olive-brown irro- rated with black ; an indistinct sinuous black medial line angled at lower angle of cell; a postmedial triangular white patch on costa extending down to vein 5 and embracing a small olive spot on costa; the postmedial line indistinct, slightly defined by white on outer side, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved, a whitish patch beyond it above tornus ; an indistinct sinuous subterminal line with black spots on its inner side in discal and submedian folds ; a ter- minal series of black points. Hindwing fuscous; the under side white irrorated with brown with slight discoidal spot and curved postmedial line and traces of subterminal line. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 18 mill. Type in B.M. Genus TATHORYNCHUS. Tathorynchus, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 268 (CUCM VED) ati Carin se Ser nat am OCS Type. vinctals. 394 Agnaails of the South African Musewm. A. Wings of male blackish ; female with black point in lower angle of cell of forewing .. . .. -plumbea. B. Wings in both sexes pile, anitresd ond eee” ih peonee a. Forewing with round discoidal spot .. .. .. .. .. «.. homogyna- b. Forewing with black streak in end ofcell .. .. .. .. .. vinetalis. (1) TarHoryNncuus PLUMBEA, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 221 (1898). Hab. British East Africa, Machakos; Transvaal; Basutoland, Maseru (Crawshay) ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hzp. 3 30, @ 34 mill. (2) TaTHORYNCHUS HOMOGYNA, 0. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown mixed with dark brown and black scales ; vertex of head and tegule black. Forewing pale suffused and irrorated with dark brown and striated with black leaving the disk paler; traces of a subbasal black point below the cell and one in middle of cell; a round discoidal spot; the terminal area darker. Hindwing pale tinged with fuscous, the terminal area and the veins in male deep fuscous. Hab. British East Africa, Machakos; Mashonaland, cai (Marshall) ; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. § 30, 2 36 mill. Type in B.M. (3) TarHoryNcHus vincTALIS, WIk. xxxiv. 1476 (1865). Hab. Matabeleland, Gwelo River (Oates); Aden; India; Aus- tralia; USA. Hap. 34 mill. GEeNus TOXOCAMPA. Type. Toxocampa, Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1841, DO: Ree aS” bees he pits oat neti, On Ree RECT OLCOIIR ToxocaMpa SALAX, Guen. Noct. il. p. 428 (1852). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Cape Colony. LHzp. 36 mill. Genus RAPARNA. Type. ERaparna, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 177 (1882) ochrewpennis. A. Forewing with the terminal area darker than the ground colour. a. Forewing clear ochreous with slight dark markings .. .. africana. b. Forewing clouded with brown or greenish and _ strongly mottled: a2 -wae Seah) ik hee set Ge 2 Reet cep Pian w cum nagelise The Moths of South Africa. 395 &. Forewing with the terminal area not darker than the ground colour. a. Forewing with the postmedial line very oblique, almost meet- ing the subterminal line at costa Sees eee ee halesusalis: b. Forewing with the postmedial and soiyienecinel. Titnes more parallel and well separated at costa. at. Forewing with the ee line not angled inwards to GOH oo oo - a. .. helwriusalis: b'. Forewing with cine aoa nang fae eneited “ampere to COStAMR UE Res Naat ist te eae | ete ee aed OLOMLAS: (1) Raparna arricana, Snell, Tijd. v. Ent. xv. p. 56, pl. 5, f. 1 (1872). Hab. West Africa, Nigeria, Lower Guinea; British East Africa, Machakos, Kikuyu, Eb. Urru; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Mar- shall); Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 20-26 mill. (2) Raparna FRAGILIS, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 413 (1875). Hab. West Africa, Nigeria; British East Africa, Nairobi, Eb. Urru; N’Gamiland (Lugard); Natal (Burrows). Hap. 24- 26 mill. (3) RaAPARNA HELESUSALIS, WIk. xvi. 238 (1858). Xanthoptera murenula, Wiigrn. Gifv. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1875, paula: Hab. Transvaal; Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 30 mill. (4) RaPARNA HELIRIUSALIS, W1k. xvi. 112 (1858). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Hp. 30 mill. (5) RaPARNA TRITONIAS, n. sp. Head and thorax reddish orange with darker irroration; palpi dark at sides ; tegule dark at tips; abdomen ochreous tinged with red and with dark irroration especially on dorsum. Forewing orange thickly blotched with red and with some dark irroration; an indis- tinct subbasal line from costa to below cell, angled below costa; the antemedial line waved ; orbicular and reniform large outlined with brown, the former open below, the latter with black points at angles of cell; the postmedial line obtusely angled outwards below costa and at vein 4 where there is a dark spot and inwards in discal and submedian folds; a subterminal maculate line angled outwards at veins 7 and 4; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing pale yellowish suffused with red on inner and terminal areas ; indistinct waved medial and postmedial lines obsolete towards costa; a ter- minal series of black points. Under side of both wings with sinuous 396 Annals of the South African Museum. postmedial line ; forewing with black spot below costa towards apex ; hindwing with black discoidal spot. Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu (Crawshay) ; Natal, Durban (Barker). Hxp. 36 mill. Genus XANTHOPTERA. Type. Xanthoptera, Guen. Noet. ii. p. 240 (1852) ... botyordes. INS Forewing with the terminal area darker than the ground colour. a. Forewing yellow with the terminal area pink.. .. .. .. sacraria. b. Forewing ochreous with the terminal area purplish grey .. griseocincta. c. Forewing whitish with the terminal area blackish -. 9... porphyrea. B. Forewing with the terminal area not darker than the ground colour. a. Hindwing with the ground colour not orange. a. Forewing olive-green with white ante- and post-medial TRACI 66 00 ce olwula. 6. Forewing blackish ath. more or lass Sapellwpadl sahitie ante- and post-medialbands.. .. .. .. .. .. .. excisa. ct. Forewing blackish with Tandlerne grey honadla te ee ee) §=6AMACENSIS. d'. Forewing blackish with leaden-grey dentate lines .. .. carcaroda. et. Forewing without white or leaden bands. a’. Forewing with white streak above median nervure andveinS .. .. . .. .. abunda. b?, Forewing without ahi einveole ore sangition, nervure and vein 5. a3. Forewing with the ground colour greyish white.. grandirena. 63. Forewing with the ground colour yellowish. at. Forewing with distinct black spot at lower angle of cell. a>. Forewing with black spot in middle of cell tripwncta. 65, Forewing without black spot in middle of Cell gas ect aes . unipuncta. b+. Forewing without Ssitiowt Week sao a Tone avorae OiGall G5 aq “cay ga oc) Sa 168 oa JPRUSOR b. eee with the ground colour orange. . Forewing with the line bounding the brown area highly angled at lower angle of cell and with dark suffusion beforeit .. .. . genuflexa. 6%. Forewing with the Thine omadiian, the roan area 9 sliehily angled at lower angle of cell and without dark suffusion ISEWOP RS INT! Vniote tein, bow) ees Isigek Soe ed. age Hogemede nace Moyea (1) XaNTHOPTERA SACRARIA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 17 (1874). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony, Transkei, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 30 mill. (2) XANTHOPTERA GRISEOCINCTA, N. sp. ?. Ochreous tinged with rufous; tegule and thorax with dorsal grey and fuscous stripe. Forewing with indistinct sinuous almost The Moths of South Africa. 397 medial line, very strongly excurved below vein % and ending in a tuft of rufous and black scales on inner margin ; the orbicular and reniform small, indistinct with pale outlines, the latter strongly constricted at middle; the postmedial line dark, minutely waved, very strongly excurved below costa, then obliquely curved to middle of inner margin, with two pale waved lines on its inner side; the terminal area purplish grey irrorated with fuscous; an indistinct minutely waved curved fuscous subterminal line and a fine crenulate black terminal line. Hindwing ochreous suffused with brown, espe- cially on terminal half, and with darker terminal band with traces of a curved pale line on it. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Exp. 26 mill. Type in B.M. (3) XANTHOPTERA PORPHYREA, Butl. P.Z.S. 1898, p. 420, Hab. West Africa, Accra: British East Africa, Neugia, Voi; N’Gamiland (Lugard). Hxp. 20-24 mill. The types of this species are both females, the so-called male belonging to this species, the female to Megalodes insocia, W1k. (4) XantHOPTERA onrvuna, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 231 (1852). Hab. Natal coast belt (Barker); Cape Colony. Hap. 26 mill. (5) XANTHOPTERA Excisa, Swinh. P.Z.S. 1885, p. 455. Tarache ethiops, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 223 (1898). Hab. Gambia, Bathurst; British East Africa, Machakos, Kili- makiu; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Transvaal, Pre- toria (Distant); India. Hap. 18-22 mill. (6) XANTHOPTERA NAMACENSIS, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 258 (1852). Hab. Abyssinia; Angola, Ambriz; N amaqualand; Natal, Mal- vern (Marshall), Durban (Bowker); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. (7)*XANTHOPTERA CARCARODA, Dist. Entom. 1901, p. 284. Hab. Transvaal. Exp. 34 mill. (8)*XANTHOPTERA aBuNDA, Feld. Reis Nov. pl. 108, f. 46 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony. Hzxp. 28 mill. (9) XANTHOPTERA GRANDIRENA, 0. sp. dé. Ochreous whitish; fore- and mid-legs tinged with fuscous above; abdomen dorsally tinged with fuscous. Forewing with a 398 Annals of the South African Museum. greyish tinge; a large triangular blackish patch on costa from near base to middle, its apex on submedian fold and enclosing the large pale oblique orbicular stigma; reniform very large, pale, indistinct ; the postmedial line very indistinct, bent outwards below costa, then oblique and dentate, a brown band beyond it, bent outwards to termen below apex, its outer edge excurved below middle and at inner margin ; some brownish suffusion on termen above tornus; a terminal series of black points ; the cilia chequered pale and black. Hindwing suffused with fuscous except towards base. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch), Durban (Leigh). Hap. 30) wall, LAOS wha JB (10) XANTHOPTERA TRIPUNCTA, N. sp. ?. Head and thorax orange-yellow; pectus, fore- and mid-legs, and abdomen fuscous, the last yellowish at base. Forewing pale yellow, more orange towards margins; a black point in base of cell, and spots in middle of cell and at lower angle. Hindwing fuscous, the cilia yellowish. Under side of forewing fuscous, the margins yellow. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 20 mill. Type in B.M. (11) XANTHOPTERA UNIPUNCTA, 0. sp. ?. Palpi long, orange with the third joint black; head black, the lower part of frons and vertex orange; thorax and abdomen fuscous ; tegulee in front, hind legs towards extremity, and extremity of abdomen yellow; wings ochreous suffused with fuscous grey. Forewing with the costa and cilia yellow; a black discoidal spot and slight subterminal points above veins 6 and 3. Hindwing with the cilia yellowish. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hxp. 20 mill. Type in B.M. (12) XANTHOPTERA FRAUSA, Swinh. P.Z.S. 1886, p. 446. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Victoria Dis- trict (Gooch); India; Ceylon. Hp. 18 mill. (13) XANTHOPTERA GENUFLEXA, 0. sp. Head and thorax reddish or grey-brown ; abdomen yellowish, dor- sally suffused with brown. Forewing with the basal half grey or reddish brown with an indistinct waved antemedial line ; the brown area bounded by a grey line very oblique from costa to lower angle of cell where it is strongly angled and with a prominent blackish The Moths of South Africa. 399 shade before it; the terminal half pale olive-brown with some black scales on discocellulars and a darker shade before the grey subter- minal line which is excurved at middle; the termen with brown patch above middle and at tornus and with terminal series of black points; cilia dark brown. Hindwing orange, the basal and costal areas tinged with brown; some slight brown streaks on the veins at termen ; cilia brownish. Hab. Damaraland; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Exp. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (14) XANTHOPTERA ALBIFASscIa, WIk. xxxili. 771 (1865). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Hap. 22 mill. Genus COSMOPHILA. Cosmophila, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Mad. p. 94 (USBIS}) ces | one ecm CVOSG. Lineopalpa, Guen. Nea bls job “290 (1852) ... horsfieldt. Type. A. Forewing with the postmedial line angled outwards in sub- median interspace. a. Forewing with the subterminal line dentate. a. Forewing with the termen slightly angled at vein 4 .. erosa. bt. Forewing with the termen curved .. 5 00 00 MORE. b. Forewing with the subterminal line not deaiote - 72 «- -- swbrosealis. B. Forewing with the postmedial line slightly sinuous in lb: median interspace .. .. fulvida. C. Forewing with the wostnacttel itiae ‘raconvedl: in anfbeaediiom WOUSONES 20 “os! bo 0b oo co 6 ‘ono do 40 bq oo AMloUUiiGReL (1) CosmopHina EROSA, Hiibn. Zutr. Samml. Exot. Schmett. ii. 19, ff. 287-288 (1827). Cosmophila indica, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 396 (1852). 5 auragoides, Guen. Noct. il. p. 397 (1852). Hab. US.A.; West Indies; South America; West Africa; Soko- tra; British East Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; N’Gamiland (Lugard); Natal (Gooch, Burrows), Durban (Leigh); Madagascar; Mauritius; Japan; China; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Australia. Hp. 38 mill. (2) CosmMopHina LuPERCA, Moschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. xxxiii. p. 300, pl. xvi. f. 15 (1883). Hab. Gazaland, Chirinda Forest (Marshall); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 42 mill. 33 400 Annals of the South African Musewm. (3) CosMOPHILA SUBROSHALIS, WIk. xxxiv. 1158 (1865). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius). Hap. 32 mill. (4) CosmopnHina FuLVIDA, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 397 (1852). Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh); Japan; China; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Australia; Pacific groups. Hzxp. 54 mill. (5) COSMOPHILA SABULIFERA, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 404 (1852). Hab. West Africa; Abyssinia; British East Africa; Mashona- land, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Cape Colony, Grahamstown; Aden; India, Ceylon, and Burma. Hp. 32-38 mill. AUCTORUM. Gomitis pusilla, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 405 (1875)s “Typelost 3: ee aes 2 eee SINeee GENus CALLYNA. Type. CallignasGuen- Noctais pally eee eensidencar A. Forewing black. a. Forewing with flesh-coloured apical patch .. .. .. .. decora. b. Forewing without flesh-coloured apical patch .. .. ... méigerrima. B. Forewing cupreous red suffused with purple. a. Forewing with white apicalspot .. .. .. .. .. .. jigurans. b. Forewing without white apical spot.. .. .. .. .. .. cupricolor. (1) Catuyna DEcoRA, WIk. xii. 1119 (1857). Hab. Natal (Burrows, Gooch), Durban (Leigh). Hap. 50 mill. (2) CALLYNA NIGERRIMA, N. sp. Deep black; tibize and tarsal joints with small orange spots. Forewing with small dull orange spot on middle of costa and three or four points towards apex. Hindwing silky fuscous. Under side of both wings with indistinct medial line, on hindwing angled at vein 3. Hab. British Central Africa, Stevenson Road (Dewar); Mashona- land, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 40-44 mill. Type in B.M. (3) CauLyNna FIGuRANS, WIk. xv. 1667 (1858). Hab. Natal, Durban (Gueinzius, Leigh). Hap. 40 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 401 (4) CaLLYNA CUPRICOLOR, N. sp. 3. Head and thorax fuscous black; pectus white mixed with grey; legs blackish with pale rings on the tarsal joints; abdomen white suffused with blackish. Forewing cupreous red suffused with purple except on inner margin and terminal area, the costal area blackish; a very elongate claviform stigma with blackish outline ; the orbicular and reniform indistinct with greyish annuli defined by black, the latter with some short dark streaks in the interspaces beyond it. Hindwing white, the veins, costal and terminal areas tinged with fuscous; the under side with discoidal point. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 34 mill. Type in B.M. Genus BANIANA. Type. Banana, Wik. xv. 1843 (1858) ... ... ... significans. Tephrias, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 170 (USTED) cos Ss ee ea ee plumipes. Baxagha, Wik. xxxiii. 1002 (1865)... —... plumapes. Sect. I. Antenne of male bipectinate. A. (Tephrias) Mid tibie of male and first joint of tarsi fringed with long hair on inner side; hind tibie tufted with long hair. (1) Banrana PLuUMIPES, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 170 (1860). Baxagha serpentina, W1k. xxxiii. 1002 (1865). Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony, Caffraria. Hep. 36 mill. B. Mid tibiz of male, but not the tarsal joints, fringed with very long hair (hind legs wanting). (2) BANIANA HAMIFERA, N. sp. $. Head and thorax brown mixed with grey, the scales tipped with grey; the fringe of hair on mid tibiz black and brown; abdo- men grey-brown. Forewing grey thickly irrorated with brown; an antemedial white-edged black band from cell to inner margin with its outer edge hooked ; a small white-edged black spot in cell; the terminal area suffused with black most deeply towards the white line on its inner edge which is slightly sinuous from costa to vein 4, then retracted to upper angle of cell, then nearly erect; a terminal lunulate line. Hindwing fuscous brown. 9. Rather darker. 402 Annals of the South African Museum. Hab. British Central Africa, Chiromo (de Jersey); Mashonaland, Salisbury, Umtali (Marshall). Hap. 26-30 mill. Type in B.M. C. Legs not tufted with hair. a. Forewing with conical black patch on inner aoe extend- ing into cell 2.9) 9 = .. ee ee) 6SjUNCta. b. Forewing without contieal pees oil oninner margin .. poderis. (3) Bantana pissunctTa, WIk. xxxiii. 999 (1865). Hab. Natal (Gueinzius). Hap. 30 mill. (4) Baniana PopERIS, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 149 (1863). Hab. British East Africa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Victoria District (Gooch), Durban (Leigh). Hap. 30-34 mill. Sect. II. Antenne of male ciliated. A. Forewing with hamate antemedial black Dai a. Head and tegule ferruginous .. .. .. ..°.. .. .. atripuncta. b. Vertex of head and tegule black .. .. -s ee ee) §=6UNpUNcta. B. Forewing without hamate antemedial black seen. a. Forewing with the postmedial line retracted from vein 3 to below end ofcell .. .. os arvorum. b. Forewing with the postmedial ‘hin th Pereerad to incl end of cell. at, Forewing without pale oblique ante- and post-medial lines. a?. Head and edges of tegule yellow SC LQULCe DS. b2. Head and edges of tegule not yellow.. .. .. .. pallidicosta. b'. Forewing with pale oblique ante- and post-medial lines parallella. (5) BANIANA ATRIPUNCTA, N. sp. Head and tegule fulvous yellow ; palpi ieee pale at extremity ; thorax and abdomen pale ochreous tinged with brown. Forewing ochreous white irrorated with brown, more thickly on costal area; a black point at base of cell ; an antemedial white-edged black patch extending just into the cell and with hamate outer edge; a black spot at upper angle of cell; the terminal area black, grey towards termen and with a whitish line on its inner edge, erect from costa to vein 4, then retracted to middle of discocellulars, then straight to imner margin; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing fuscous brown. Hab. West Africa, Accra (Sir G. Carter); Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 28 mill. Type in B.M. (6) BANIANA UNIPUNCTA, n. sp. $. Head and thorax brownish grey ; vertex of head and tegule The Moths of South Africa. 403 black; abdomen pale brown. Forewing grey-brown, with white- edged antemedial black patch on inner margin extending into the cell and with strongly hamate outer edge ; a white-edged black point in middle of cell; the terminal area suffused with black becoming greyish towards termen and with whitish line on its inner edge which is obliquely curved from costa to vein 5, then retracted to upper angle of cell, then obliquely curved to outer margin; an in- distinct postmedial line bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 5 where it crosses the sinus of dark area, then incurved ; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing fuscous brown with fine dark terminal line; cilia whitish; the under side whitish irrorated with brown. @. Darker; the thorax and forewing suffused with purple. Hab. British Central Africa, Likoma (de Jersey); Natal, Victoria District (Gooch), Durban (Leigh). Hap. 26-30 mill. Type in B.M. (7) Bontana arvorum, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 258 (1852). ve recussd, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 230 (1898). Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant); Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 30 mill. (8) BaNIANA FLAVICEPS, n. sp. ?. Head and palpi rufous, the vertex yellow; antenne blackish ; tegule fuscous pencilled with grey and edged with yellow; thorax purplish fuscous pencilled with grey ; abdomen blackish irrorated with grey. Forewing purplish fuscous irrorated with a few black scales; an indistinct waved dark antemedial line with some grey scales on it; a small black discoidal spot with some grey scales on it; a sinuous postmedial dark line with some grey scales on it, strongly bent outwards below costa, erect to vein 4, then incurved ; an indistinct dentate subterminal line; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing fuscous brown; the under side ochreous thickly irrorated with dark brown; a dark discoidal point and diffused medial line. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hzp. 32 mill. Type in B.M. (9) BANIANA PALLIDICOSTA, Nn. sp. ?. Head and thorax black mixed with ochreous; abdomen ochreous brown irrerated with black especially on ventral surface. Forewing ochreous brown suffused with black except on costal area 404 Annals of the South African Museum. where it is irrorated with black; traces of an antemedial series of pale points; orbicular small round, ochreous with fuscous centre, and with a black streak between it and the reniform which is ochreous, defined by black and with some fuscous in centre; base of vein 5 streaked with black; traces of a curved postmedial series of pale points; the veins streaked with black towards termen. Hindwing ochreous wholly suffused with fuscous ; the cilia ochreous with a fuscous line through them. Under side ochreous white irrorated with fuscous, the disk of forewing suffused with fuscous. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 40 mill. Type in B.M. (10) BaNIANA PARALLELLA, 0. sp. 3. Ochreous irrorated with pale rufous brown; palpi darker brown at sides. Forewing with clear ochreous antemedial line acutely angled outwards below costa then straight and oblique; black points at the angles of cell; the postmedial line very strongly bent outwards below costa, and acutely angled below apex, then very oblique and almost straight; a sinuous subterminal line; some ochreous points on apical part of costa and a small black streak at apex; a fine ochreous line at base of cilia. Hindwing with the cilia ochreous. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 22 mill. Type in B.M. Genus BREVIPECTEN. Type. Brevipecten, Hmpsn. Moths, Ind. ii. p. 361... captatus. BREVIPECTEN CORNUTA, 0. sp. ?. Head and thorax grey irrorated with brown; palpi blackish at sides; legs marked with brown; abdomen ochreous slightly irrorated with brown. Forewing grey-white irrorated with brown; the basal half of costal area suffused with brown; a fine brown antemedial obliquely incurved line ending at middle of inner margin; an obliquely incurved line from origin of vein 2 to inner margin at postmedial line; an obliquely curved chocolate mark from costa to just below lower angle of cell with a sinuous white discoidal line on its outer edge; an oblique line beyond the cell between veins 7 and 3; the postmedial line oblique from costa to vein 4 where it is obliquely angled, then inwardly oblique and slightly sinuous to inner margin; a triangular chocolate patch on costa before apex to above vein 6 with a slight curved mark below its extremity; a The Moths of South Africa. 405 crenulate line just before termen. Hindwing yellowish tinged with brown ; pale towards base; cilia whitish with a brown line at base. The N’Gamiland specimen is small, has the lines of forewing much less distinct, and the patch on costa before apex more truncate: it may be a distinct species. Hab. NGamiland (Lugard); Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro). zp. 26-38 mill. GENUS CORGATHA. Type. Corgatha, Wk. xvi. 215 (1858)... ... ... zonalis. Phanaspa, W1k. xxxiv. 1211 (1865)... ... thermesialis. Sect. I. (Phanaspa). Fore femora and tibize of male thickly tufted with hair; patagia with tufts of scales reaching beyond meta- thorax; the base of inner area of both wings with tufts of rough hair. i (1) CorGATHA THERMESIALIS, W1k. xxxiv. 1211 (1865). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; British East Africa, Nairobi, Machakos, Eb. Urru; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Malvern (Gueinzius, Marshall) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24-26 mill. Sect. II. (Corgatha). Legs, patagia, and wings of male normal. (2) CoRGATHA PRODUCTA, n. sp. g. Rather pale rufous; palpi and frons deep rufous; a white bar between antenne; abdomen slightly irrorated with black on dorsum. Forewing with oblique antemedial series of five black points; a medial line strongly angled outwards below costa and black from costa to angle, then brown and oblique; a postmedial series of black points incurved to costa, then oblique, the point on vein 2 displaced inwards; an indistinct, pale, subterminal line slightly defined on each side by fuscous, oblique from costa to vein 5, then excurved at medial nervules; the apex whitish; a terminal series of black points with larger spot above tornus. Hindwing with oblique brown antemedial line; an indistinct post- medial series of white and black points excurved at median nervules; some slight subterminal and terminal black points; cilia of both wings brown, whitish at tips. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 18 mill. Type in B.M. 406 Annals of the South African Musewm. Genus PARORUZA, nov. Palpi slender, upturned, not reaching vertex of head; antenna of male with short branches ending in a bristle. Forewing with the apex produced and acute; vein 3 from before angle of cell; 5 from above angle; 6 from upper angle; 9, 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole, 11 curved downwards and nearly touching them. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 from well above angle; 6, 7 from upper angle. Paroruza suppucTata, WIk. xxxiii. 790 (1861). Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony. Hap. 32 mill. Genus HUBLEMMISTIS, nov. Proboscis rather slight; palpi obliquely porrect, reaching well beyond frons, which is rounded; antennz of female with slight tufts of scales at the joints; tibie with the spurs long; abdomen with slight dorsal crests towards base. Forewing with the apex produced and acute, the termen strongly excurved at middle; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from below upper angle; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 5 from angle of cell; 5 from well above angle, rather slender; 6, 7 from upper angle. HUBLEMMISTIS CHLOROZONEA, 0. Sp. @. Dull white; palpi, frons, and legs tinged with brown ; thorax irrorated with a few olive scales; abdomen irrorated with brown. Forewing irrorated with olive-green and a few black scales; a waved olive-green antemedial line; two black discoidal points; a dentate postmedial line strongly excurved beyond cell, then incurved, nar- rowly defined with white on outer side, then with broad olive-green band with dentate outer edge strongly angled inwards in discal fold, angled outwards at vein 4, then incurved ; a terminal series of black points ; cilia olive-green. Hindwing irrorated with olive-green and a few black scales ; two black discoidal points ; a minutely dentate olive-green medial line defined narrowly by white on outer side fol- lowed by an olive-green band with dentate outer edge; traces of a subterminal line; a terminal series of black points ; cilia olive-green. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hxp. 26 mill. Type in B.M. Genus NEOCHROSTIS, nov. Palpi upturned, the second joint thickly scaled, the third moderate ; frons with beak-shaped corneous process, the sides of frons pro- The Moths of South Africa. 407 duced below it; antennz of male almost simple; tibiae with the spurs moderate; abdomen smoothly scaled. Forewing with vein 3 from before angle of cell; 5 from above angle; 6 from below upper angle; 7 from angle; 8, 9, 10 stalked; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3,4 from angle of cell; 5 from below middle of disco- cellulars; 6, 7 from upper angle. NHOCHROSTIS DIPLOGRAMMA, Ni. sp. 3. Head and thorax red-brown mixed with fuscous ; palpi pale ochreous below; pectus and legs ochreous and orange, the legs with some brown; abdomen orange dorsally suffused witk brown. Forewing red-brown suffused with fuscous; a double-curved black antemedial line; the reniform pale rufous with brown centre and black outline emitting a spur towards base on median nervure, and situated on a diffused medial black line angled at lower angle of cell; a double sinuous black postmedial line strongly angled out- wards below costa and inwards below vein 2, traces of a line beyond it angled outwards at veins 6 and 4; a pale minutely waved subter- minal line; a fine black terminal line. Hindwing orange with slight diffused streaks of black scales and discal point; a diffused curved fuscous subterminal line; a fine black terminal line; cilia fuscous. Under side of forewing with the basal half, a curved postmedial line and subterminal series of spots orange. Hab. Transvaal (Ross). Hap. 32 mill. Type in B.M. Genus METACHROSTIS. Type. Metachrostis, Hiibn. Verz. p. 204 (1818) _...._-_-velo. Zalaca, Wik. xxxiv. 1202 (1865) ... ... ... anticalis. A. Hindwing orange or with orange markings. a. Forewing with nearly straight pale brownish postmedial DAT Ma a nam ere vee aE wil Shard! Uke ast aa tei!) OTEROZONG) b. Forewing without nearly straight pale postmedial band. a’. Forewing with pale postmedial area se 0a co cq Mareen. bt. Forewing without pale postmedial area. a. Forewing with nearly straight medial line, the area beyond it darker. a3. Forewing with the postmedial line angled below costa then imcurved .. .. .. .. «: .«. accimeta. 63. Forewing with the postmedial line excurved from costa to vein 4, then erect .. .. .. cryptochrysea. c3, Forewing with the postmedial linesinuous.. contempta. b?. Forewing with the medial line waved, the area beyond it not darker. 408 Annals of the South African Musewm. a3. Forewing with the postmedial line not bent inwards to costa cinerea. 63, Forewing with the sauiinedial Tae. aioe bent inwards to costa, a+. Hindwing orange or with orange subterminal band. a5. Forewing with the postmedial line not dentate on vein 1 65. Forewing with the postmedial line den- tate outwards on vein 1 64, Hindwing black with small orange pore near tornus B. Hindwing pale yellow C. Hindwing brown with whitish Tppeadlen. a. Forewing with the postmedial line excurved below costa, then incurved b. Forewing with the aostmmedti timers sinuous monehe 3c D. Hindwing uniform brown or fuscous a. Forewing green and blackish .. 6. Forewing without green. . Forewing with oblique postmedial whitish and brown band : b'. Forewing fino aia ils nostinadlicl ynal heliastis. varia. hypoxantha. flavimia. hypotena. bolania. migroviridis. abscissa. a?, Forewing with the basal half blackish, the terminal half paler. a3, Forewing with the edge of blackish area irregu- larly waved decissima. 63, Forewing with the flee af bleed area oblique to median nervure where it is angled. a. Forewing with the edge of blackish area angled at lower angle of cell b4, Forewing with the edge of blackish area angled before lower angle of cell 6?. Forewing with the basal half not blackish. a3. Forewing with the basal half pale, the terminal half dark grey .. 63. Forewing brown. senupurpurea. consanguis. bipartita. a4, Forewing with the postmedial line angled below costa, then nearly straight. a5. Forewing with the antemedial line straight. . 65. Forewing with the " patemadtel line waved punctigera. corniculans. b4. Forewing with the sostiingitiel ifs excurved at middle. a>. Forewing with blackish patch on costa before apex .. fusca. 65. Forewing without ead ania @ on costa before apex. a®. Forewing with the postmedial line angled outwards below costa .. b®. Forewing with the postmedial line oblique from costa to vein 6.. c3, Forewing with ground colour grey. a‘. Forewing narrow, the lines whitish b4. Forewing broad, the lines black awmobtrusa. phea. negrita. tritonia. The Moths of South Africa. 409 . Hindwing greyish with dark lines and suffusion. a. Forewing greyish without apical blackish patch.. .. .. snellent. b. Forewing whitish with blackish apical patch. a. Forewing with ante- and post-medial triangular black spots on costa PALA UGG, ISON) otic we anticalts. bt. Forewing without distinct black spots on costa .. .. rubripuncta. (1) METACHROSTIS ORTHOZONA, N. sp. 3g. Head and thorax fuscous brown; pectus and legs orange irrorated with fuscous and the forelegs streaked with fuscous ; abdomen orange dorsally irrorated with fuscous. Forewing dark greyish brown with nearly straight pale brownish postmedial band with indistinct line on it; a brownish spot on costa before apex with traces of two irregular lines arising from it, the inner angled inwards on discal and submedian folds; a terminal series of blackish points. Hindwing orange; some brown suffusion at base ; a terminal brown band expanding widely on costa and not reaching tornus. Under side of forewing with the band and a costal fascia from base to near apex orange. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (2) MaTacHROSTIS MADANDA Fld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 28 (1874). Acontia dignata, Moschl. z. b. Wien. xxxiil. p. 297, pl. xvi. f. 12 (1883). Hab. Cape Colony, Uitenhage (Bairstow, Dr.Smith). Hap. 24 mill. (3)*Mzrtacurostis accincta, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 224 (1898). Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant). Hap. 22 mill. (4)*METACHROSTIS CRYPTOCHRYSEA, N. Sp. ?. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale reddish brown slightly mixed with fuscous; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen whitish ; tarsi black ringed with white. Forewing with the basal area pale reddish brown with some black costal points and traces of a subbasal line; the antemedial line black, nearly straight, shading off to red-brown towards the postmedial line; an indis- tinct waved medial line with black striga on it below costa, then excurved ; reniform elliptical defined by black; the postmedial line double, obliquely curved from costa to vein 4, then erect and with a black lunule beyond it between veins 4 and 7; an indistinct sinuous subterminal line with black mark beyond it below apex; a black ter- minal line except towards tornus; a white spot on cilia at apex. 410 Annals of the South African Museum. Hindwing bright orange, with black streak below base of cell and black apical spot followed by short streaks to vein 2; cilia black, white at tips at apex and middle. Hab. Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro). Hxp. 22 mill. Type in Coll. Druce. (5)*METACHROSTIS CONTEMPTA, WIk. xv. 1762 (1858). Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett, Dr. Smith). Hap. 24 mill. (6)*METACHROSTIS CINEREA, Auriv. Cify. af. k. Vetensk. Akad. Forh. JUSTE), 19» (Sh Hab. Damaraland (De Vylder). Hap. 26 mill. (7) MeTACHROSTIS HELIASTIS, n. sp. Head and thorax grey-brown mixed with dark brown; palpi below, pectus and legs whitish, the last marked with black and brown ; abdomen orange suffused with brown, the ventral surface whitish. Horewing grey-brown suffused with purplish brown on terminal half; a fine straight antemedial line on a grey band; the reniform greyish 8-shaped; the postmedial line oblique from costa to beyond the reniform, incurved below it and slightly excurved towards inner margin; an indistinct irregularly sinuous pale sub- terminal line; cilia blackish, pale below apex. Hindwing orange ; a diffused black costal fascia extending into the cell; black streaks in submedian fold and on inner margin not reaching termen; an apical black patch and fine terminal line; cilia blackish. Under side of forewing orange with black discoidal point and apical patch. Hab. British East Africa, Machakos (Crawshay), Teita (Jackson) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 18-22 mill. Type mia) 18) WUE. (3) Mmracurostis vania, W1k. xxxili. 772 (1865). Panemeria densa, W1k. xxxili. 773 (1865). Acontia acclivis, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 24 (1874). Microphysa perssoni, Wligrn. Cify. af. k. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1875 p. 114. Microphysa mustelina, Wllgrn. Cify. af. k. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1875, p. 115. Hab. Aden; British East Africa, Machakos; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); N’Gamiland (Lugard); Transvaal (Ross) ; Bechuanaland (Alston); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Durban The Moths of South Africa. 411 (Bowker, Gooch); Basutoland, Maseru (Crawshay) ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett, Dr. Smith), Hap. 20- 30 mill. (9) MreracHRrosTIs HYPoxANTHA, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. 1860, pedis: Metachrostis vultuosa, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 224 (1898). Hab. Transvaal; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Verulam (Gooch); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. oS) 2228 mill (10)*METACHROSTIS FLAVINIA, 0. Sp. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow. Forewing yel- lowish suffused with grey and with numerous ill-defined waved rufous lines; a diffused brown discoidal patch; the postmedial line more distinct, minutely waved, bent outwards below costa, angled inwards in discal fold and incurved below vein 4; a ter- minal series of rufous points; cilia yellow. Hindwing yellow with slight brown postmedial marks on vein 2 and inner margin. Hab. Transvaal, Potchefstroom (Ayres). Hap. 26 mill. Type in Coll. Druce. (11) Meracnrostis HypoTmnia, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. 1860, ps ia: Hab. British East Africa, Naitolia, Machakos, Eb. Urru; Natal, Mooi River, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 18-22 mill. (12) METACHROSTIS BOLINIA, 0. sp. 3. Grey-brown; forelegs banded with fuscous; abdomen with dorsal fuscous bands. Forewing with the basal half tinged with rufous and bounded by a nearly straight dark line; waved antemedial and postmedial lines; a diffused irregularly sinuous subterminal line; the termen tinged with rufous. Hindwing sometimes blackish; an obliquely curved antemedial line, defined by whitish on outer side; a nearly straight medial line; a diffused subterminal line expanding into a large black spot below vein 4 with two whitish spots beyond it or whitish subterminal band. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; Basutoland, Maseru (Craw- shay); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 20-22 mill. Type in B.M. (13) MeracHROsTIS NIGROVIRIDIS, n. sp. Head and fore half of thorax black, the hinder half apple-green ; 412 Annals of the South African Musewm. pectus, legs, and abdomen ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Fore- wing apple-green; the costa black at base; an oblique sinuous antemedial line arising from a black point on costa; reniform small, blackish ; the postmedial line arising from a black point on costa, bent outwards from below costa to vein 4, then incurved; the terminal area blackish except the costal area extending on inner side of the postmedial line to the reniform. Hindwing fuscous black. Under side of forewing with the costal area irrorated with rufous, its apical part ochreous; hindwing ochreous irrorated with rufous and with discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hab. British Central Africa, Chinde, M’pondas (de Jersey) ; Natal, Northdene; Cape Colony, Transkei, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett), Hap. g 20, 9 22 mill. (14) Meracurostis apscissa, WIk. xv. 1764 (1858). Hrastria fasciata, Wilgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 173 (1860). Hab. Natal, Durban (Gooch, Leigh); Cape Colony. Hzxp. a) 2, 2 AS roaulll (15) Meracurostis pecissima, WIk. xxxiii. 805 (1869). Erastria africana, Feld. Reis. Noy. pl. 108, f. 6 (1874). Hab. British East Africa, Hb. Urru; Natal (Burrows, Trimen), Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 24 mill. (16) MmTACHROSTIS SEMIPURPUBREA, N. Sp. 3g. Head and thorax deep purple brown; palpi whitish below at base; pectus and legs ochreous white thickly irrorated with fuscous; abdomen dorsally fuscous with pale segmental lines, the ventral surface whitish with fuscous irroration, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore- wing with the basal half deep purple brown, with traces of several waved lines, its outer edge oblique from costa to lower angle of cell where it is obtusely angled; the outer half grey with a black point just beyond the cell ; the postmedial line excurved from below costa to vein 4, then incurved and with a similar line beyond it not so bent inwards towards costa; a slightly smuous subterminal line ; a terminal punctiform black line expanding into a diffused mark below apex. Hindwing dark brown with fine pale line at base of cilia. Under side with the costal area and the hindwing pale ochreous thickly irrorated with brown, the latter with discoidal point and curved postmedial line. ?. Head, thorax, and basal half of forewing black-brown, the last with the ground colour of terminal half ochreous brown. The Moths of South Africa. 413 Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (17) MmTACHROSTIS CONSANGUIS, N. sp. ?. Head and thorax black slightly mixed with ochreous scales ; pectus and legs ochreous irrorated with black; abdomen ochreous dorsally suffused with fuscous and ventrally irrorated with fuscous. Forewing with the basal area to near middle black edged by a whitish line which is angled outwards on median nervure well before end of cell and inwards in submedian fold and with a waved antemedial line on it; a small black discoidal lunule; the terminal half pinkish to the very indistinct postmedial line which is bent out- wards from below costa to vein 4, then ferruginous brown to the indistinct dentate subterminal line, the termen pinkish with fuscous patches above middle and tornus; a crenulate black terminal line. Hindwing fuscous brown; the cilia mixed with ochreous. Under side with the costal area of forewing and the hindwing ochreous thickly irrorated with brown, the latter with discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Hp. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (18) MrracHRostTIs BIPARTITA, N. sp. @. Head and thorax pale olive-brown, in one specimen tinged with pink; pectus, legs, and abdomen pale, strongly irrorated with dark brown. Forewing with the basal half pale olive, in one speci- men tinged with pink with two antemedial black points on costa giving rise to two very indistinct waved lines and bounded by a line which is angled outwards to lower angle of cell, then incurved and with a blackish shade on its inner side; the terminal half dark brown, strongly irrorated and suffused with silvery grey; a black discoidal point; an indistinct waved subterminal line expanding into a small triangular spot on costa. Hindwing fuscous brown with fine pale line at base of cilia. Under side with the costal area of forewing and the hindwing pale ochreous thickly irrorated with brown, the latter with dark discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hab. British East Africa, Neugia (Crawshay); Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss EF. Barrett). Exp. 26 mill. Type in B.M. (19) Meracurostis puncticuRA, Wlk. xxi. 6895 (1865). Hmpsn. ets Mes vane ple 435 i 6: 414 Annals of the South African Musewm. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Japan; China; India; Australia. Hap. 26-32 mill. (20) METACHROSTIS CORNICULANS, Wligrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. iv. p. 173 (1860). Erastria figurata, Wik. xxxiii. 793 (1865). 58 nyanza, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 120, f. 6 (1874). Hab. British East Africa, Machakos, Kikuyu, Eb. Urru; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Malvern (Mar- shall), Hstcourt (Hutchinson), Victoria District (Gooch) ; Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen). Hzp. 24-28 mill. (21) Meracnrostis Fusca, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. B.M. ix. p. 97, pl. 162, f. 9 (1893). ; Hab. Natal (Gooch), Karkloof (Marshall), Durban (Leigh) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Grahamstown ; Ceylon. Hzp. 28 mill. (22) METACHROSTIS INOBTRUSA, N. Sp. Dark chocolate brown; abdomen fuscous brown; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen pale ochreous strongly irrorated with brown. Forewing with indistinct waved antemedial and medial lines; a discoidal point; the double postmedial line bent outwards from below costa to vein 3 and slightly angled inwards in discal and submedian folds; an irregularly waved greyish sub- terminal line; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing fuscous brown. Under side with the costal area of forewing and the hindwing pale ochreous strongly irrorated with brown and with discoidal point and curved postmedial line. One specimen has the thorax and forewing to the medial line much greyer. Hab. Abyssinia; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss I. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (23) METACHROSTIS PHA, 0. Sp. ?. Dark chocolate-brown; abdomen fuscous brown; palpi below, pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen ochreous irrorated with brown. Forewing with indistinct waved antemedial and medial lines; a slight ochreous and black discoidal lunule; the postmedial line on a greyish ground, oblique from costa to vein 6 and angled inwards in submedian fold; an irregularly dentate grey subterminal line. Hindwing fuscous brown. Under side with the costal area of The Moths of South Africa. 415 forewing and the hindwing ochreous strongly irrorated with brown, the latter with discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 20 mill. Type in B.M. (24) Meracnrostis NeaRita, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 142 (1894). Hab. British East Africa, Teita; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett); India; Ceylon. Hxp. 14-16 mill. (25) METACHROSTIS TRITONIA, n. sp. ?. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey irrorated with fuscous. Forewing grey irrorated with black and purplish red scales, the outer half of costal area tinged with purplish red; the lines blackish; the antemedial line angled inwards in cell and on vein 1, outwards below the cell and above inner margin; a black discoidal spot placed on the medial line which is excurved from costa to median nervure, then incurved; the postmedial line minutely dentate, excurved below costa and at median nervules, angled inwards in discal and submedian folds; an indistinct irregular subterminal line. Hindwing grey suffused with fuscous brown. Hab. Mashonaland, Umtali (Marshall). Hap. 38 mill. Type in B.M. (26) Meracnrostis sNELLENI, Wllgrn. ify. ak. k. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1875, p. 113. Epizeuxis aethiops, Dist. Nat. in Transvaal, p. 239, pl. u. f. 2 (1892). Hab. British East Africa, Machakos; Transvaal; Natal, Karkloof (Marshall); Basutoland, Maseru (Crawshay) ; Cape Colony, Transkei, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 22- 30 mill. (27) Meracurostis anticatis, WIk. xxxiv. 1202 (1865). Hab. Natal (Plant). Hap. 22 mill. (28) METACHROSTIS RUBRIPUNCTA, N. SP. g. Head and thorax black more or less strongly mixed with whitish; legs whitish banded with black; abdomen whitish dorsally tinged with fuscous brown. Forewing ochreous white more or less completely suffused with leaden fuscous and black, but leaving some whitish at base, beyond the antemedial 34 416 Annals of the South African Museum. line and on terminal area; waved black subbasal, antemedial, medial, postmedial, and subterminal lines, the postmedial angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at median nervules, then incurved, the subterminal dentate inwards above veins 6, 5, and 2; a red spot on inner side of medial line below the cell and a red discoidal spot on an irregular ochreous white patch extending to costa; a crenulate black terminal line; cilia ochreous white tinged with black above and below middle. Hindwing ochreous white suf- fused with fuscous below and beyond lower end of cell and on apical part of termen; a blackish streak on inner margin; minutely waved medial, postmedial, and subterminal lines almost obsolete except at median nervules and inner margin; a terminal series of small black lunules. ! Hab. British Central Africa, Stevenson Road (Dewar); Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 20-24 mill. Type in B.M. Genus EUBLEMMA. Type. Hublemma, Hubn. Verz. p. 256 (1827) ... ... respersa. Sect. I. Forewing of male with a postmedial glandular swelling on costa. A. Wings with the cilia grey irrorated with black .. .. .. .. fedosa. B. Wings with the cilia grey tinged with fuscous .. .. .. .. punctilinea. (1) EuBLEMMA Fa@posa, Guen. Noct. 11. p. 254 (1852). Hab. British East Africa, Masailand ; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Durban (Leigh). Hap. 22 mill. (2) HUBLEMMA PUNCTILINEA, N. Sp. Pale purplish grey irrorated with fuscous ; head, tegulz, and legs tinged with rufous. Forewing with blackish spot in cell before the indistinct waved antemedial line; a diffused somewhat annulate black discoidal spot; a punctiform medial line very oblique from costa to beyond upper angle of cell, then inwardly oblique ; a dentate postmedial line strongly excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved; a sinuous subterminal series of points and a terminal series. Hind- wing with indistinct medial line from lower angle of cell to inner margin, ill-defined postmedial and subterminal series of points and a terminal series ; cilia of both wings grey tinged with fuscous. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap.18 mill. Type in B.M. The Moths of South Africa. 417 Sect. II. Forewing of male without costal swelling. A. Forewing with oblique antemedial line.. .. .. .. . - .. btrifasciata. B. Forewing without oblique antemedial line. a. Forewing with oblique medial line or band not angled below costa. a bt. Go Forewing with the basal area chestnut-brown wee) SPeETONS. Forewing with the basal area bright yellow .. .. .. amnachoresis. Forewing with the basal area ochreous or yellowish white. a*, Forewing with the postmedial line slightly excurved below costa. a. Forewing with the postmedial line dentate out- wards at middle 69 §6 9 65 190) bs an) ao Granln, 63. Forewing with the postmedial line not dentate ACMI CPM ase ea nat is NL eA Ga A sabia. o°. Forewing with the postmedial line strongly excurved below costa. a3. Forewing with the area beyond the postmedial line strongly tinged with pink .. .. .. .. rosita. 63. Forewing with the area beyond the postmedial limejtmeed ayia brownie) ns erie ale: rwula. c3. Forewing with the area beyond the postmedial line pale ochreous .. .. flavida. b. Forewing with oblique medial line very strongly angled batclaviards:toxcostap een ann en nee une ++ «. versicolor. c. Forewing without oblique medial line. a. Des Forewing with the basal area pure white. a*, Forewing with the termen white.. .. .. .. .. ecthemata. b?, Forewing with the termen grey, whitish towards EY NERS OGM NBO Ho NLS On) on a enna anes scitula. c*. Forewing with the terminal half blackish. a3. Forewing with short white streaks on the veins Cilerment nes sen clea e eM. wee bipartita. a3. Forewing without white streaks on the veins of De PINOT eae Negie se en Amer aM oi leucomelena. Forewing with the basal area tinged with brown or grey. a. Forewing with more or less distinct transverse lines. a3. Forewing without green patch on terminal area. a4. Forewing with the basal area white irro- HNL WANG TAOS Sg ae un) ne delicata. b+. Forewing with the basal area white suffused WAL OreveEweeten coh teat awh OSS pennula. c4, Forewing with the basal area dark or suffused with dark brown. a>. Forewing with reticulate white subapical Nie See era vs - +. plagiopera. 55. Forewing without reticulate subapical lines. a°. Forewing with irregular whitish sub- Lernotnalslinele sore ee seek as se staudingeri. 6°. Forewing with white apical patch and subterminal pomts |. .) .. .. apicata. c°. Forewing without white markings on terminal area OO Oe CCN NEC ON NCNM Ne fabri) 63. Forewing with wedge-shaped green patch on ter- minalarea.. .. 90 80 00 oa Ghporia &?. Forewing without transverse lines. 418 Annals of the South African Museum. a3, Forewing leaden-grey with yellow costal fascia.. plambosa. 63, Forewing ochreous or grey-white. a4, Forewing with white streak on median ner- VALEG Spiers Ae” Rean SALaN CS ae aS tee, eieieon Rais aer LCUUCE MSc b+, Forewing without white streak on median nervure. a’, Wings strongly irrorated with fuscous ; forewing with terminal dark points .. penicillata. b5. Wings with hardly a trace of fuscous irroration; forewing without terminal — OUNS G6 Go o6 G6 on 50 co 65 WRNMONII. (3) Eustemma rrirascrata, Moore, P.Z.S., 1881, p. 370, pl. 38, f. 21. Hab. British East Africa, Machakos; British Central Africa ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett); Persia; India; Ceylon; New Hebrides. Hxp. 22 mill. (4) EuptemMa spErans, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 9 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony (Trimen), Annshaw (Miss F’. Barrett). Hap. 18 mill. (5) EUBLEMMA ANACHORESIS, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vu. p. 198 (1863). Thalpochares divisa, Moore, P.Z.S. 1881, p. 871, id. Lep. Ceyl. Wl, FOL, MEO), ai, SO; | Hab. West Africa, Accra; British East Africa; British Central Africa; Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro); Natal, Hstcourt (Hutchinson); Basutoland, Masite, Maseru, - Letloenyas (Crawshay) ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett) ; India ; Ceylon. Hzxp. 18 mill. (6) EKUBLEMMA ORNATULA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 18, f. 19 (1874). Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson); Basutoland, Maseru, Machacha (Crawshay) ; Cape Colony (Trimen). Hzp. 16 mill. (7) KupLemMaA sabia, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 16 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hxp. 16- 18 mill. (8) HupLemMA rosiTa, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 245 (1852). Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pl. 150, f. 18. Hab. West Africa, Accra; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) Arabia; India; Ceylon; Formosa; Australia. Hp. 14 mill. (9) EKusuemma rivuxA, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 140 (1879). Micra chalybea, Swinh. P.Z.S. 1884, p. 518, pl. 47, f. 10. The Moths of South Africa. 419 Hab. British East Africa, Machakos; British Central Africa ; N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson) ; India ; Sambawa; Australia; Fiji. Hap. 14 mill. (10) EuBLEMMA FLAVIDA, 0. Sp. 3. Head and thorax white, the latter tinged with pale lemon- yellow ; abdomen ochreous white slightly tinged with fuscous on dorsum. Forewing pale ochreous tinged with lemon-yellow on basal area; an oblique pale rufous medial line ; a postmedial line strongly angled outwards below costa where it is joined by an oblique streak from apex, curved to vein 4, then oblique to inner margin near the medial line ; a curved sinuous subterminal line ; a fine terminal line ; cilia tinged with rufous at tips. Hindwing white tinged with fuscous, especially on terminal area ; cilia ochreous white. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 20 mill. Type in B.M. (i1) Euptemma versricotor, Wilk. Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. vii. p. 58 (1863). Mestleta angulifera, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 179 (1882). id. Lep. Ceyl. iii. pl. 175, f. 2, 2a. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); India; Ceylon; Borneo. Hp. 24 mill. (12) HustemMa ectH=Mata, Hmpsn. P.Z.S. 1896, p. 262, pl. x. 1. 6. Hab. Aden; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hzp. 18 mill. (13) Evstemma scrtuta, Ramb. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1833, p. 26, ole Oa 6, Hublemma futilis, Swinh. P.Z.S. 1884, p. 517, pl. 47, f. 8. 3 cretacea, Hmpsn. Ill. Het. B.M. ix. p. 96, pl. 162, f. 17, (1898). Hab. Southern Europe; North Africa; Gold Coast, Accra; British Central Africa, Likoma; Basutoland, Maseru (Craw- shay); India; Ceylon. Hp. 16-18 mill. (14) EKuBLEMMA BIPARTITA, 0. sp. g. Head, thorax, and abdomen creamy white; palpi at sides, antennz and abdomen tinged with fuscous. Forewing with the basal half creamy white, its outer edge oblique from costa to median nervure where it is acutely angled, then retracted; some fuscous marks on base of costal area and an indistinct waved subbasal line 420 Annals of the South African Museum. with a black point in cell beyond it; the terminal half black-brown suffused with bluish white scales; the postmedial line whitish, angled inwards below costa, then excurved to vein 5 where it is again angled inwards, excurved to vein 3, then strongly incurved ; an irregularly dentate white subterminal line with three black points beyond it below apex and one above tornus; a series of short white streaks on the terminal part of veins; cilia white. Hindwing white, tinged with fuscous towards termen ; a fine terminal black line ; ciha white. Hab. Transvaal (Ross). Hp. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (15) HuUBLEMMA LEUCOMELANA, N. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen pure white; fore tibie tinged with brown ; tarsi brown with white rings. Forewing with the basal half white, its outer edge dentate outwards on median nervure; some slight fuscous marks on basal part of costal area and an indistinct subbasal line with a black point beyond it in cell; the terminal half black-brown tinged with blue-grey and with traces of a dentate line near its inner edge; a black discoidal striga; the postmedial line dark with a white mark on costa, excurved to vein 5 where it is angled inwards, excurved to vein 3, then strongly incurved; an irregular brownish subterminal line with a series of black points on it; two white points on costa towards apex; cilia white and pale rufous. Hindwing white, the terminal area tinged with fuscous; a fine terminal black line. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 18 mill. Type in B.M. (16) Eusuemma peticata, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 13 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony (Trimen), Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hep. 16 mill. (17)*Husnemma prwnvna, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 12 (1874). Hab. Cape Colony. Hzp. 22 mill. (18) HUBLEMMA PLAGIOPERA, 0. sp. $. Head and tegule white; palpi and antenne tinged with brown; thorax white, purplish brown and pale red; abdomen white suffused with brown leaving white dorsal segmental lines. Forewing white strongly irrorated with brown; a white antemedial line bent inwards to inner margin; a ferruginous tinge on medial area; the postmedial line oblique from costa to vein 3 near termen, then bent strongly inwards to submedian fold and erect to inner margin; a The Moths of South Africa. 421 blackish patch edged with white on costa before apex; the subter- minal white line oblique from costa to the postmedial line below the white-edged black patch, then excurved to near termen to which it is parallel to inner margin ; cilia very pale rufous. Hindwing white tinged with pale brown, especially towards termen; a black spot on white area beyond middle and a white point at tornus. @. The greater part of thorax, abdomen, and forewing strongly suffused with ferruginous ; hindwing suffused with dark brown. Cocoon formed of the exuvize of Coccids. Hab. Natal; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hp. 3 18, 9 24 mill. Type in B.M. (19) HusLemMa stTaupINGERI, Wllgrn. Cify. af. k. Vet. Akad. Forh. ISO; ps 113: Thalpochares squamilinea, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 14 (1874). Hublemma pretorie, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 225 (1898). Hab. Transvaal; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hyp. 26 mill. (20) Eupnummma aprcata, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 225 (1898). Hab. British Central Africa, Likoma; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Transvaal; Natal, Weenen; Cape Colony, Ann- shaw, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Hap. 18-24 mill. (21) HUBLEMMA NIGRIVITTA, n. sp. Pale reddish brown ; palpi blackish at sides; abdomen dorsally banded with fuscous. Forewing usually suffused with black to the medial line, sometimes entirely suffused ; waved antemedial, medial, and postmedial lines, the first angled outwards in submedian fold, the second and third inwards and the third outwards on veins 6 and 4; an obscure orbicular point and small reniform stigma; a sinuous subterminal line with three or four short black streaks beyond it on apical half; a fine black terminal line; cilia chequered pale brown and fuscous. Hindwing ochreous with fine blackish medial, post- inedial, and subterminal black lines, the two latter with diffused fuscous band between them and all obsolescent on costal area ah fine black terminal line. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M (22) HuptemMa apMora, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 108, f. 31 (1874). Hab. Abyssinia; Sokotra; British East Africa, Machakos, Sambaru; N’Gamiland (Lugard); Transvaal (Marshall) Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hxp. 3 26, 2? 34 mill. > 422 Annals of the South African Museum. (23) HusLEMMA pLuMBosa, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) iii. p. 462 (1899). Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Transvaal (Distant). Hap. 22 mill. (24) EUBLEMMA FLAVICEPS, n. sp. ?. Head, thorax, and abdomen white tinged with grey ; palpi pale rufous at sides; back of head and tegule pale sulphur-yellow. Forewing grey-white irrorated with brown; the base of costal area white ; the median nervure and vein 1 streaked with pale sulphur- yellow ; an oblique streak from apex with some yellowish before it ; a subterminal series of black points formed each by a few scales ; a brown terminal line. Hindwing white very slightly tinged with brown. ea Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall). Hap. 18 mill. Type in B.M. (25) HUBLEMMA PENICILLATA, Nn. sp. 3. Grey-white irrorated with brown; palpi, head, tegule, and shoulders tinged with rufous. Forewing with diffused dark discoidal spot; the costa towards apex brown ; a diffused brown streak from apex toward lower angle of cell; some rufous on termen and a series of dark points; cilia fuscous. Hindwing strongly irrorated and suffused with brown towards termen. ?. Almost entirely irrorated and suffused with fuscous brown. Hab. Natal, Malvern (Marshall). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (26) EUBLEMMA UNINOTATA, 0. sp. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen white; palpi tinged with pale rufous. Forewing yellowish white; a dark discoidal point; the subterminal line represented by a few dark scales. Hindwing yellowish white. Hab. Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson). Hxp. 38 mill. Type in B.M. Genus TROCTOPTERA. ee Hmpsn. Ill. Het. B.M. ix. p. 99 (SOS) eee cin Sel eM tt a 8 Sena REL OCSCERISS Type. TRACTOPTERA EROSIDES, 0. sp. , &. White. Forewing with minute fuscous points on base of costa ; subbasal fuscous spot on inner margin; an antemedial line angled outwards below costa and cell; a black point in cell near The Moths of South Africa. 423 lower extremity; a diffused maculate postmedial fuscous band, angled outwards at veins 6 and 4, then bent inwards to middle of inner margin; two obscure sinuous punctiform subterminal lines with larger spots at costa and inner margin ; cilia brown at middle. Hindwing with medial band formed by two lines with some brown on their edges, angled outwards below costa, and approximated towards inner margin and with a black point between them at lower angle of cell; a diffused fuscous and brown subterminal band from costa to vein 2; a spot on inner margin near tornus. Hab. Natal, Victoria District. Hap. 16 mill. Type in B.M. Sus-Faminy HYPENINZA. A. Forewing with vein 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole. a. Palpi with the second joint not fringed with hair above, upturned. a. Palpi with the second joint broadly scaled in front. a. Palpi with the third joint moderate, blunt. a3. Hindwing with the termen strongly angled at middle fone oS eps pans: 63. Hindwing with ‘ie. oanion exounred at sean Disticta. b?. Palpi with the third joint long, acute .. .. .. Pseudaglossa. 6. Palpi with the second joint smoothly scaled in front. a3. Palpi with tuft of hair on inner side of third joint Hgnasia. 63. Palpi with the third joint naked... .. .. .. Zethes. b. Palpi with the second joint porrect or oblique and fringed with hair above, the third more or less upturned and naked at ua a. Palpi with the third joint naked .. . .- «- Magalaba. bt. oat with the third joint tufted with eclew, . Abdomen with dorsal crests.. .. .. .. .. .. Hypena. a Abdomen without dorsal enawis: a3. Palpi with the second joint porrect .. .. .. Rhynchina. 63. Palpi with the second joint oblique; abdomen of male with lateral tufts of hair towards extremity .. .. Rhesena. c. Palpi rostriform, the third joint downturned and clothed with hair to extremity. a@. Palpi with the second joint fringed with long hair above Naarda. bt. Palpi smoothly clothed with hair .. .. .. .. .. Leworhyne. B. Forewing without an areole. a. Forewing with veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. a'. Forewing with veins 4, 5 stalked, the cell short .. .. Hydrillodes. 6. Forewing with veins 4,5fromecell .. .. .. .. .. Nodaria. b. Forewing with veins 8, 9, 10 stalked, 7 from cell.. .. .. Alelumma. c. Forewing with veins 8, 9 stalked, 7 and 10 fromcell.. .. Tetracme. Genus HPISPARIS. Type. Eipisparis, Wik. x. 475 (1856) ... ... ... ... latwrata. 424 Annals of the South African Museum. EPIsPARIS LEUCOTESSELLIS, n. sp. 3. Head and thorax pale red-brown ; edges of tegule and patagia with a few white scales; pectus and legs white and pale brown; abdomen pale brown. Forewing pale reddish brown ; a somewhat diffused dark brown antemedial line acutely angled outwards below costa and slightly in submedian fold; an indistinct waved media line; the medial area irrorated with dark brown below the cell; the postmedial line formed by indistinct small dark brown lunules with white on their outer edges, bent outwards from below costa to vein 3; a series of somewhat lunulate white spots curved from just below apex to termen at vein 2 and with others beyond them on veins 8 and 4; the terminal area greyish brown with some rufous suffusion with dark brown suffusion below it on apical area; cilia white from vein 4 to above tornus; the termen slightly angled at vein 5. Hindwing rufous and purplish brown thickly striated with white except on apical area, and with white patch on termen between veins 4 and 1; small white spots above and below vein 2 before the indistinct waved postmedial line; cilia with white lunules in the excavations between vein 4 and tornus. Under side white slightly irrorated with brown and the apical area of forewing tinged with brown; both wings with discoidal points and irregularly waved medial and postmedial lines, the former bent outwards round cell of forewing. Hab. Delagoa Bay (Junod). Hxp. 34 mill. Type in B.M. Genus DISTICTA, nov. Proboscis fully developed; palpi obliquely upturned, extending about the length of head, the second joint roughly scaled, the third short with some rough scales at base; frons without tuft; antenne bipectinate in both sexes; fore tibie thickly fringed with long hair. Forewing with the apex produced and acute, the termen strongly excurved at middle; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole; 11 from cell. Hindwing with the termen excurved at middle; veins 8, 4 from angle of cell; 5 fully developed from well above angle; 6, 7 from upper angle. Disticra arava, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 119, f. 4 (1874). Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch), Durban (Bowker) ; Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen). Hap. 32-38 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 495 Genus PSEUDAGLOSSA. Pseudaglossa, Grote, Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. WN AL OTA) txt hese nce eae ay LUD TCGLES: Type. A. Forewing with the small orbicular and reniform stigmata pro- minent, whitish op Reey ul ei faye on ten Severs ea ee GRO CILECULS, B. Forewing with the orbicular absent, the discoidal lunule blackish. a. Wings with an ochreous tinge suffused with fuscous .. .. auge. b. Wings greyish thickly irrorated with fuscous .. .. .. .. pulverea. C. Forewing without discoidallunule .. .. .. .. .. .. .. mubtfera. (1) PsEUDAGLOSSA GIGANTALIS, 0. Sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown ; wings silky fuscous brown. Forewing with rather indistinct whitish highly waved ante- medial line; the orbicular and reniform small whitish with dark outline; the former round and placed in a sinus of antemedial line, the latter upright elliptical; a dentate whitish postmedial line, ex- curved from below costa to vein 4, then incurved and bent outwards at vein 1; a dentate whitish subterminal line bent outwards at vein 7, angled inwards in discal fold and incurved below vein 3. Hind- wing with rather indistinct whitish dentate medial and subterminal lines, the former excurved at middle. Under side with slight dis- coidal lunules and more regular postmedial and subterminal lines. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 48-54 mill. Type in B.M. Subsp. 1. g. Forewing with the medial area more or less strongly suffused with white; hindwing white with dark dentate medial and subter- minal lines and some dark suffusion on termen. @. As in the typical form. Hab. British East Africa, Nairowa, Eb. Urru, Kambi (Betton), Kikuyu (Crawshay). (2) PSEUDAGLOSSA AUGE, 0. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown. Forewing yellowish brown suffused with fuscous; an indistinct obliquely smuous ante- medial line; a blackish discoidal lunule with some ochreous on its outer edge ; a minutely dentate postmedial line angled inwards in discal fold, incurved below vein 3 and bent outwards at vein 1; an irregularly dentate ochreous subterminal line with prominent dark suffusion before it, angled outwards at vein 7 and 4 and inwards in discal and submedian folds ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind- 426 Annals of the South African Museum. wing fuscous brown, yellowish towards costa; indistinct diffused medial and postmedial dark lines; the termen darker with a series of dark points ; the under side with small discoidal spot. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 3 34, ? 40 mill. Type in B.M. (3) PskUDOGLOSSA PULVEREA, N. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey thickly irrorated with fuseous brown ; palpi and frontal tuft deep black. Forewing greyish brown strongly irrorated with fuscous brown; an indistinct dentate ante- medial line with oblique black striga at costa; a small black discoidal lunule; the postmedial line minutely dentate, excurved from below costa to vein 4, then incurved and bent outwards at vein 18 aKa obscure ochreous subterminal line with dark suffusion before it, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; a terminal series of dark points. Hindwing greyish thickly irrorated with fuscous; a slight discoidal spot and curved minutely dentate medial line; an indistinct pale dentate subterminal line with black suffusion on each side of it; a terminal series of black points. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh) ; Basutoland, Maseru, Morija (Craw- shay) ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 30 mill. (4) PskUDAGLOSSA NUBIFERA, 0. sp. ?. Head and thorax brown mixed with black ; abdomen fuscous black. Forewing brown suffused and irrorated with black; indis- tinct waved ante- and post-medial lines; a diffused medial shade ; an indistinct waved subterminal line excurved above vein 6 and at middle and with black spot on its inner side above vein 6 ; a terminal series of small black spots. Hindwing deep fuscous; the under side grey thickly irrorated with black, a black discoidal spot and diffused postmedial line and terminal band. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 28 mill. Type in B.M. Genus HGNASIA. Type. Egnasia, Wik. xvi. 216 (1858) ... ... ... ephyrodalis. HenasiA vicaRIA, Wlk. xxxv. 1972 (1866). Hab. West Africa, Congo ; British East Africa, Kikuyu, Tanga ; British Central Africa, Chiromo; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 32 mill. The Moths of South Africa. 42:7 AUCTORUM. Gracillodes fumipennis, Feld. Reis. Nov. jolls JUS) i. 29 (1874). Type lost ... Natal. Genus ZETHES. Type. Zethes, Ramb. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1833, p. 29 insuluris. A. Hindwing with white mark near tornus .._ .. SOE 80 (Gq od. Gaye B. Hindwing without white mark near tornus .. 99 00 06 aa oo Ghielo, (1) Zerues carrra, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 370 (1852). Hab. Kast Africa, Dar-es-salem; British Central Africa, Chi- romo ; Natal, Claremont, Malvern (Marshall), Durban (Gooch, Leigh) ; Mauritius. Hzp. 36-48 mill. (2) ZETHES ARIDA, n. sp. &. Brownish ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Forewing with curved brown antemedial line strongly incurvyed in cell; a dark point in middle of cell and slight discoidal lunule ; the medial line bent outwards round end of cell, then oblique; the postmedial line minutely waved, angled outwards at veins 7 and 4, then incurved ; an indistinct sinuous subterminal line with traces of a dentate line beyond it ; a fine dark terminal line. Hindwing with oblique ante- medial line slightly angled below costa: traces of a waved medial line and of a curved postmedial line with dentate line beyond it; a fine dark terminal line. Under side of forewing with medial line angled outwards below costa, postmedial line incurved in discal fold and below vein 4, and slightly sinuous subterminal line ; hindwing with antemedial line slightly angled outwards below costa and minutely waved medial and subterminal lines, the former incurved in discal fold. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Exp. 30 mill. Type in B.M. AUCTORUM. Bleptina intractalis, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soc. (3) i. p. 114 (1862). Typelost ... ... Cape Colony. Bleptina frontalis, Wik. Trans. Ent. Soc. (nip iA (1862)0 2 ype lost! 2. 1. Cape Colony. 428 Annals of the South African Museum. Genus MAGULABA. Type. Magulaba, Wik. xxxiv. 1126 (1865) .... .... wmparata. A. Forewing with apical black spot .. .. .. .. .. .. «. «=. ‘Wmparata. B. Forewing without apical black spot .. .. .. .. .. «.. «- goleta. (1) Maeunapa imparata, WIk. xv. 1777 (1858). , mestalis, Wik. xxxiv. 1126 (1865). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone, Nigeria; British East Africa, Kikuyu, Eb. Urru, Kitwi, Neugia, Teita; Mashonaland, Salis- bury (Marshall); Damaraland, Ovampo Land (Erikson) ; Natal, Durban (Bowker, Leigh); Aden; Japan ; Corea; India; Ceylon; Andamans; Singapore; Bali; New Guinea. Hap. 18—- 24 mill. (2) MagunaBa GOLETA, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 120, f. 5 (1874). Hab. Natal, Northdene. Hap. 28 mill. Genus HYPENA. Type. Hypena, Schrank, Fauna Boica, uu. 2, p. 163 (CUSOP) rca eon e Scateledo icste hes) dan cas SROSWULS. A. Forewing with the postmedial line nearly straight, erect, and slightly angled at veins6and4 .. .. .. -. erastialis. B. Forewing with the postmedial line sade animes at veins 6 and 4, then waved. a. Forewing with the postmedial line very oblique and highly waved below vein4 .. .. .. .. polycyma. b. Forewing with the postmedial tine slelbtisy signe om waved below vein 4. at. Forewing with the oblique mark from apex ochreous .. derasalis. bt. Forewing with the oblique mark from apex bluish grey strigata. c. Forewing with the postmedial line incurved below vein 4... megaproctis. C. Forewing with the postmedial line excurved beyond the cell and at vein 2. a. Forewing with the medial area below the cell deep black .. mesomelena. b. Forewing with the medial inner area brown. a. Forewing with pale fascia from base of costa to vein 1 hal ulevneebiesn woll Ge 65 Go. 56 3G 00 00 06 00 WaNaINIS: bt. Forewing without male fascla .. holophea. D. Forewing with the postmedial line axounied frana cost 40 vein 4, then incurved.. .. .. inconspicua. E. Forewing with the sastamelll ifn ‘shetty anal fom atin to vein 4, then very oblique .. . namaqualis. F, ene with the postmedial line opikernely curved frown Onin to vein 1, then retracted to base .. .. .. .. potanustis. G. Forewing with the postmedial line straight nail ona. a. Forewing with the postmedial line moderately oblique. a. Forewing with the ground colour black-brown .. .. melamstis. The Moths of South Africa. 429 b'. Forewing pale reddish brown striated with fuscous .. rectivittalis. c’. Forewing chestnut-brown, the terminal area suffused Witla MVEA os ag “60 66 66 06 do. 90 6 Forewing with the postmedial line very oblique. a‘'. Forewing chestnut-brown the terminal area suffused with blie=eneyee votes satya ew (sh) salu tram retenscy § cyeuLeOLA alist bt. Forewing grey-brown irrorated with black .. .. .. maswrialis. ectoglauca. (1) HypEna ERASTIALIS, WIE. xxxiv. 1135 (1865). 59 velatipennis, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 410 (1875). Hab. Natal, Durban (Burrows, Leigh). Hap. 26-30 mill. (2) HypENA POLYCYMA, n. sp. ?. Dark brown. Forewing striated with black; the Natal speci- men with pale olive fascia in submedian fold and suffusion on ter- minal area; an indistinct brown antemedial line very oblique from costa to vein 1 where it is acutely angled outwards to join the post- medial line, and slightly angled on median nervure; the tufts of scales in and below middle of cell and on discocellulars black; the postmedial line angled outwards on veins 6 and 4 then dentate and very oblique; a pale curved mark from apex with black spot on its inner edge; a subterminal series of obscure black and grey spots conjoined to termen by slight streaks; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing uniform dark brown. Under side of forewing with black subapical point on pale patch; hindwing with discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hab. British East Africa, Munisu (Lord Delamere) ; Natal (Bur- rows). Haxp. 34 mill. Type in B.M. (3) HypENA DERASALIs, Guen. Delt. and Pyyr. p. 27, pl. 4, f. 2 (1854). % senalis, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 30 (1854). i vulgatalis, W1k. xvi. 82 (1858). 5S palprtralis, Wlk. xvi. 82 (1858). * disclusalis, W1k. xxxiv. 1136 (1865). Hab. Sokotra; British East Africa, Munisu, Kikuyu, Machakos, Eb.Urru, Athi-ya-Mawe; Namaqualand; Natal, Karkloof (Marshall), Victoria District (Gooch) ; Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen). Hp. 30-84 mill. (4) Hypena stricata, Fabr. Suppl. Ent. Syst. p. 467 (1798). : abyssimialis, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 39 (1854). _ fumidalis, Zell. Vet. Akad. Handl. 1852, p. 7 (1854). ‘i commixtalis, Zell. Vet. Akad. Handl. 1852, p. 8 (1854). » jussalis, Wik. xvi. 52 (1858) 430 Annals of the South African Musewm. Hab. West Africa, Congo ; Soudan; Abyssinia; Sokotra ; British East Africa, Kikuyu, Machakos, Eb. Urru, Muthambi; British Central Africa, Zomba, Chiromo; Mashonaland, Salisbury, Umtali (Marshall); N’Gamiland (Lugard); Natal, Durban (Gooch, Leigh); Aden ; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Singapore ; Australia, Hap. 32 mill. (5) HypENA MEGAPROCTIS, n. sp. Antenne of g broken, (?) pectinate; abdomen of 9 with very large anal tuft. Head and thorax purplish grey more or less mixed with brown; tarsi banded with ochreous ; abdomen fuscous, the dorsal crest at base black, the anal tuft greyish ochreous. Forewing purple fuscous ; a curved blackish antemedial line with a broad band of blackish suffusion beyond it below the cell; a waved medial line bent outwards in cell; a discoidal lunule defined by whitish scales ; the postmedial line rather indistinct, waved, angled outwards at veins 6 and 4, then incurved; a dentate whitish subterminal line angled outwards at veins 6 and 4 and with four black spots beyond it between vein 4 and apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hind- wing fuscous brown with waved ochreous subterminal line and terminal series of black points ; the under side greyish irrorated and suffused with brown, an indistinct discoidal point and waved medial, postmedial, and subterminal lines. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hup. g 32, 2 36 mill. Type in B.M. (5) HypENA MESOMELANA, N. sp. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen brown mixed with black; palpi blackish. Forewing grey-brown irrorated with black; the medial area below the cell black defined on inner side by the white ante- medial line and on outer by the white postmedial line which is slightly excurved just beyond the discocellulars and more strongly at vein 2; a black point in middle of cell, some black suffusion before the postmedial line and some deep black in the sinus beyond the cell; a subterminal series of white points with black marks on their inner edges increasing in size towards costa and with a diffused mark in discal fold, the series excurved from vein 7 to 4, then incurved ; a slight oblique blackish mark from apex and a terminal series of black points. Hindwing dark brown. Under side of fore- wing with two white subapical points ; hindwing with dark discoidal point and curved postmedial line. The Moths of South Africa. 431 Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hxzp. 38 mill. Type in B.M. (6) Hypena VARIALIS, WIk. xxxiv. 1132 (1865). Hmpsn, Ill. Het. B.M. ix. pl. 166, f. 13. Hab. British East Africa, Samburu; Natal (Gueinzius, Gooch, Burrows) ; Madagascar; Ceylon. Hxp. 26-32 mill. (7) HypPENA HOLOPHA, Nn. sp. $. Head and thorax dark brown irrorated with grey; abdomen fuscous. Forewing red-brown finely irrorated with blue-grey; a waved antemedial brown line slightly defined by blue-grey; dark points in middle of cell and on discocellulars; the postmedial line excurved byond the cell and at vein 2 with another curved minutely waved line beyond it; traces of a subterminal series of dark spots ; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing dark brown. Under side uniform dark brown. Hab. Natal, Durban (Hutchinson). Hxzp. 36 mill. Type in B.M. (8) Hypena inconspicua, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvi. p. 413 (1875). Hab. Natal, Northdene. Huxp. 30 mill. (9) Hypena NAMAQuALIS, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 28 (1854). 59 egonalis, Wik. xvi. 230 (1858). Hab. Namaqualand; Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Heald Town, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 32-36 mill. (10) HypENA POTAMISTIS, n. sp. Head and thorax pale or dark grey, sides of palpi and vertex and sides of thorax streaked with black ; abdomen grey-brown or fuscous brown. Forewing pale grey-brown irrorated with black or dark grey suffused with black, the interspaces with indistinct dark streaks, the submedian interspace, the area before and beyond the postmedial line and the area below the apical mark darker, a black point in middle of cell with two streaks from it to the black defined white discoidal spot ; the postmedial line white with a black line on its inner side and a faint or prominent white line on its outer side, obliquely curved from costa to vein 1 above which it is retracted to base ; a subterminal series of small black spots, the two towards costa placed on an oblique white mark from apex ; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing fuscous. Under side of forewing with two white subapical points ; hindwing with indistinct discoidal point and curved postmedial line. 39 432 Annals of the South African Museum. Hab. British East Africa, Kikuyu, Eb.Urru; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F’. Barrett). Fixp. 30-34 mill. Type in B.M. (11) HypPENA MELANISTIS, N. Sp. $. Fuscous black sparsely irrorated with grey, abdomen with greyish segmental lines. Forewing with diffused grey antemedial line, excurved below costa, then oblique; a tuft of black scales in middle of cell; an oblique almost straight grey postmedial line with a brown line on its inner edge; traces of an oblique greyish mark from apex. Under side of hindwing pale irrorated with brown, a black discoidal point and curved postmedial line. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 40 mill. Type in B.M. (12) Hypena reotivitrauis, Moore, P.Z.S. 1867, p. 84. FY beatalis, Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 120, f. 19 (1874). Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh); Japan; India. Hzp. 30- 32 mill. (13) HypPENA ECTOGLAUCA, N. sp. Head blackish irrorated with grey, the antennze with white spots on upper side of joints towards base; thorax rufous; abdomen grey- brown, the ventral surface paler. Forewing rufous with a cupreous tinge irrorated with darker scales ; an indistinct waved antemedial line with a black point beyond it in cell; an oblique almost straight postmedial brown line with a white line on its outer edge; the ter- minal area suffused with bluish grey less prominently towards termen ; a subterminal series of black and white points excurved at middle ; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing fuscous brown. Under side uniform greyish brown. Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury, Umtali (Marshall) ; Natal, Malvern (Marshall), Durban (Gooch). Hap. 32 mill. Type in B.M. (14) Hypena Livipauis, Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett. Pyr. ff. 11, 186 (1827). Hab. West Indies; South America; Europe; Syria; Canaries ; Sokotra; British East Africa, Eb.Urru; Namaqualand, Ovampo Land (Hrikson); Natal, Durban (Gooch, Leigh) ; Cape Colony, Grahamstown; Aden; India; Burma. zp. 24 mill (15) Hypena masuriAuis, Guen. Delt, and Pyr. p. 38 (1854). 53 simplicalis, Zell. Vet. Akad. Handl. 1852, p. 10 (1854). The Moths of South Africa. 433: Hab. Canaries; West Africa, Sierra Leone, Congo ; Abyssinia ; Sokotra; British East Africa, Eb.Urru, Samburu ; Mashona- land, Salisbury, Umtali (Marshall) ; Natal, Durban (Innes, Gooch); Aden; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Australia; Fiji. Exp. 24-30 mill. AUCTORUM. Hyanuia subterninalis, Wik. xxxiv. 1145 (1856). Type lost Sie . ... Cape Colony... Hypena emusalis, W1k. ania ‘Ent. Soe. (3) i. p. 109 (1862). Type lost ...... Cape Colony. Genus RHYNCHINA. Type. Ehynchina, Guen. Delt. and ee p. .20 (S54) eras. ... ptonealis. Ceraptila, (one Delt. ana Dye p. Py (1854) reniferalis.. Zekelita, Wik. xxvii. 199 (1863)... ... ... equalisella Sect. I. (Ceraptila). Antenne of male bipectinate. A. Forewing with oblique antemedial black band from cell to inner margin .. Spa et Meee ern RUC IULT EN LOSS B. Forewing sito snlieraedill black ‘hod, : a. Forewing with the postmedial line erect between vein 2 and inner margin .. -. .. egualisella. 6. Forewing with the postmedia ‘ine silisrres hates vein 2 and inner margin . Wels, | eae | eer edeve say | Wie Use egal st “poleopera. (1) RHYNCHINA RENIFERALIS, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 24 (1854). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Hzp. 34 mill. (2) RHYNCHINA EQUALISELLA, WIk. xxvii. 199 (1868). % cesa, Dist. A.M.N.H. (7) i. p. 231 (1898). Hab. Transvaal, Pretoria (Distant) ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchin- son); Cape Colony, Knysna (Trimen). Hxp. 28 mill. (3) RHYNCHINA POLIOPERA, N. sp. Head and thorax fuscous brown mixed with grey; abdomen grey irrorated with brown. Forewing pale brown suffused with grey and irrorated with a few raised black scales ; an indistinct waved brown antemedial line; a small black spot in middle of cell; a diffused grey fascia from apex to lower angle of cell with short black streak on it above vein 7 and longer streaks beyond it above veins 6 and 5 ; 434 Annals of the South African Musewm. the postmedial line very indistinct on costal half, strongly bent out- wards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then obliquely incurved to inner margin and with some black points on its outer edge; the veins streaked with black towards termen; the cilia intersected with white; a small black mark above tornus. Under side fuscous brown. Hab. Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett), Hap, 32 mill. Type in B.M. Sect. II. (Rhynchina). Antenne of male ciliated. A. Forewing cupreous brown, the base and inner area grey .. .. ltinctalis. B. Forewing grey suffused in places with cupreous .. .. .. .. revolutalis, (4) Ruyneutna TrncTa.is, Zell. Vet. Akad. Handl. 1852, p. 9 (1854). Hypena echionalis, Wik. xvi. 230 (1858). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Estcourt (Hutchinson), Zap. 24-28 mill. (5) RuyNcHINA REvoLUTALIS, Zell. Vet. Akad. Handl. 1852, p. 10 (1854). Hab. West Africa, Accra; British East Africa, Tanga, Gwellil, Nairowa, Kikuyu; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 22 mill. Genus RHAISENA. Type. Rhesena, Wik. xxxv. 1973 (1866) ... ... subcwpralis. Symplusia, Holl. Psyche, vii. p. 28 (1894) swbewpralis. A. Forewing with the fovea on under side and ridges of scales round it elongate. a. Forewing rufous, the subterminal line irregular and dis- tinctly angled at vein 5.. .. -. «. swubewpralis. b. Forewing darker, the suibvesmienl Ring slaaas's smi. .. pramnescens. B. Forewing with the fovea on under side and ridges of scales OWURUTHEINGIy 55 NGO! yao oe we) oe Sa vod comact au CHICRNS, (1) Ruzsena suBcupRALIS, W1k. xxxiv. 1167 (1869). 7" transcissa, Wlk. xxxv. 1974 (1866). 3 obliquifasciata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 183 (1888). Symplusia frequens, Holl. Psyche, vii. p. 28 (1894). Hab. West Africa, Ogové River; Sokotra; British Central Africa, Lake Nyasa; Mashonaland, Salisbury (Marshall) ; Natal, Durban (Gueinzius, Innes) ; India; Western Australia. Exp. 24-30 mill. The Moths of South Africa 435 (2) RH#&SENA PRUNESCENS, 0. sp. 3. Head, tegule, and forelegs yellow mixed with rufous ; thorax and abdomen purplish fuscous. Forewing purplish grey irrorated with brown; the antemedial line white defined by cupreous brown on inner side and slightly angled on median nervure ; a very oblique medial whitish line with cupreous suffusion before 1t ; a whitish dis- coidal line with cupreous on its inner side; an almost straight white subterminal line with cupreous suffusion before it; the costa cupreous towards apex and with four white points; the termen tinged with cupreous ; the fovea on under side elongate. Hindwing fuscous brown. Hab. Natal. Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (3) Ra#sENA capensis, WIk. Trans. Ent. Soe. (8) i. p. 110 (1862). Sarmatia divisalis, Wik. xxxiy. 1131 (1865). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Hap. 28 mill. Genus NAARDA. Type. Naarda, Wik. xxxv. 1694 (1866)... ... ... imeffectalis. A. Forewing with the discoidal spot white.. .. .. leucopis. B. Forewing with the discoidal point black with yellow 2 sing .. xanthopis. C. Forewing with the discoidal spot black.. .. .. . - .- melanomma. (1) NAARDA LEUCOPIS, nN. sp. 3. Head and thorax deep black; abdomen fuscous black. Fore- wing silky black; a whitish spot in middle of cell and a discoidal spot; very indistinct waved black antemedial, medial, and post- medial lines. Hindwing fuscous black ; the under side with discoidal spot and curved postmedial and subterminal lines. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett), Hap. 26 mill. Type in B.M. (2) NAARDA XANTHOPIS, 0. sp. $. Fuscous black; antennz whitish. Forewing with traces of waved antemedial and medial lines; a yellow discoidal spot with black centre ; the postmedial line oblique from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; an indistinct waved subterminal line; a terminal series of black points. Under side of hindwing with discoidal point and indistinct curved postmedial and subterminal lines. @. Antenne black; hindwing paler with indistinct discoidal spot and curved postmedial and subterminal lines on upper side. 436 Annals of the South African Musewm. Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall); Cape Colony, Heald Town {Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 18-22 mill. (3) NAARDA MELANOMMA, N. sp. 3. Grey-brown; palpi blackish at sides; legs and abdomen irrorated with black, the fore tibie black above. Forewing irrorated with black; rather ill-defined waved black subbasal, antemedial, postmedial, and subterminal lines, the postmedial angled outwards below costa, incurved in discal fold and below vein 4 retracted to below end of cell; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing suffused with fuscous; an indistinct discoidal spot and waved post- medial and subterminal lines ; a terminal series of black points. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 28 mill. Type in B.M. : Genus LEIORHYNX, nov. Proboscis aborted, minute; palpi downcurved extending about twice the length of head and rather smoothly scaled; frons with tuft of hair; antennz of male bipectinate with short branches ; thorax and abdomen without crests: Forewing with the apex slightly produced ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 9 from 10 anastomosing with 8 to form the areole ; 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 fully developed parallel to 4; 6, 7 from upper angle ; 8 anastomosing with the cell to middle. LEIORHYNX ARGENTIFASCIA, 0. sp. 3g. Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Forewing with the costal half pale yellow-brown, the inner half pale ochreous irrorated with purplish fuscous, the two areas separated by a silvery white line curved up to termen below apex; a silvery white fascia through the cell then curved up to termen below apex and narrowing at base and extremity ; cilia pale ochreous irrorated with fuscous. Hindwing yellowish white. Hab. N’Gamiland (Lugard). Hap. 32 mill. Type in B.M. Genus NODARIA. Type. Nodaria, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 63 (1854) ewternalis. Sect. I. Antennee of male strongly dilated at middle. A. Forewing with the subterminal line incurved .. .. .. .. perarcuata. B. Forewing with the subterminal line waved .. .. .. .. .. externalis. The Moths of South Africa. 437 (1) NopaRia PERARCUATA, n. sp. : Pale ochreous thickly irrorated with fuscous. Forewing with indistinct antemedial line obtusely angled on median nervure; a diffused discoidal lunule; an indistinct minutely waved postmedial line bent outwards between veins 7 and 4, then incurved; a white subterminal line slightly angled at vein 7 then incurved and with fuscous suffusion on its inner side bent outwards across it to apex. Hindwing with whitish subterminal line with fuscous suffusion on its inner side, oblique from costa to vein 1 near termen where it is angled ; the under side with discoidal point and waved postmedial and subterminal lines. Hab. British East Africa, Muthambi (Crawshay) ; Natal, Victoria District (Gooch); Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 28 mill. Type in B.M. (2) NopaRiIA EXTERNALIS, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 64 (1852). | Hlernuma brachialis, Zell. Vet. Akad, Handl. 1852, p. 14 (1854). Bocana esopusalis, Wik. xvi. 185 (1858). Diomea bryophiloides, Butl. A.M.N.H. (4) xvii. p. 408 (1867). Hab. British East Africa, Teita; Nyasaland, Chiromo; Natal, Durban (Gooch, Bowker, Leigh); Cape Colony, (Dr. Smith) ; Rodriguez; Japan; Formosa; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Borneo ; Australia; Solomons. Hzp. 26-30 mill. Sect. II. Antenne of male minutely serrate and with long bristles. A. Forewing with the subterminal line waved. Gelinas Atos VATE oo 36 Be Go! al BAe GA eee uae Ean. Ome Lin dwin Csi seou SMe sce) ust) marten ues ae) a se luctuosa. B. Forewing with the subterminal line incurved 59 05 60! 65 GREATS. (3) NopaRIA MELALEUCA, n. sp. Head and thorax silky black-brown; abdomen greyish fuscous. Forewing black-brown suffused with glossy purplish grey; a dark waved antemedial line slightly bent outwards in cell; a diffused medial line with the blackish discoidal spot on it; a waved post- medial line angled inwards in discal fold, incurved below vein 4, then angled outwards on yein 1; a diffused sinuous subterminal line. Hindwing white with fuscous subterminal line angled out- wards at vein 2; a tine terminal line; cilia fuscous; under side suffused with fuscous, a dark discoidal point and curved postmedial and subterminal lines. Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall) ; Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. 438 Annals of the South African Museum. (4) NopaRiA LUCTUOSA, n. sp. Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown, the last with greyish segmental lines. Forewing grey-brown irrorated and suffused with fuscous ; the antemedial line angled outwards below costa and cell and inwards in cell; a diffused medial line with the dark discoidal spot on it; a waved postmedial line angled outwards below costa, inwards in discal fold, incurved below vein 4 then bent outwards at vein 1; a sinuous whitish subterminal line with diffused fuscous on its inner side. Hindwing fuscous brown with whitish subterminal line with diffused fuscous on its inner side and angled at vein 2; the under side paler with dark discoidal lunule and curved postmedial and subterminal lines. Hab. Natal, Pietermaritzburg (Bowker) ; Cape Colony, Annshaw (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (5) Noparia Extinctatis, Zell. Vet. Akad. Handl. 1852, p. 13 (1854). » - capalis, Wik. xvi. 95 (1858). Inbisosa telamusalis, Wk. xvi. 248 (1858). Ganclognatha caffraria, Méschl. Verh. Zool. bot. Ges. Wien. XXxill. p. 307, pl. xvi. f. 22 (1883). Hab. West Africa, Sierra Leone; Sokotra; British East Africa, Tana River, Machakos; Natal, Durban (Leigh); Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Hap. 24-28 mill. Genus HYDRILLODES. Type. Hydrillodes, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 65 (USSH)o5a G05 be Poe Met ca OLUAOUCILOS Olybama, W1k. xvi. au (1858 edo cae 000 Cilognimnoallis- Antenne of male with long cilia and bristles; fore tibia with sheath containing tufts of hair not covering the tarsus. HYDRILLODES ULIGINOSALIS, Guen. Delt. and Pyr. p. 66 (1854). Olybama thelphusalis, Wik. xvi. 211 (1858). Gizama cleobisalis, Wik. xvi. 249 (1858). Hab. Cape Colony (Dr. Smith). Hap. 22-30 mill. Genus ALELIMMA. Type. Alelinuna, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. iu. p. 47 (1895) sap dee | Aobed pets acne Seen son SDOUICM I USCan The Moths of South Africa. 439 ALELIMMA PALLICOSTALIS, n. sp. g. Antenne of male with bristles and cilia, the shaft dilated at middle and with tuft of long hair above; fore cox with tuft of long hair in a fold, the tibia with sheath covering half the tarsus and enclosing a tuft of long hair. Dull reddish brown. Forewing with the costal area greyish; a black point at base; a much-interrupted black antemedial line bent outwards below costa and in and below cell, then oblique; a black discoidal spot ; a punctiform postmedial line excurved at middle; a pale subterminal line incurved from apex to tornus ; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing with indistinct dark subterminal line angled outwards to termen at vein 2; a terminal series of black points ; the under side with discoidal lunule and curved postmedial and subterminal lines. Hab. Natal, Victoria District (Gooch). Hap. 36 mill. Type in B.M. Genus TETRACME, nov. Proboscis fully developed; palpi porrect extending about three times length of head, the second joint fringed with hair above, the third upturned naked; antenne of female ciliated. Forewing with the apex produced and acute, the termen strongly angled at middle ; veins 3 and 5 from near angle of cell; 6 from below angle; 7 from angle; 8, 9 stalked; 10, 11 from cell. Hindwing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 from above angle parallel to 4; 6, 7 from upper angle; the termen slightly produced at apex and sharply angled at vein 4, then waved. TETRACME TRUNCATARIA, WIk. xxii. 847 (1861). Hab. Natal, Karkloof (Marshall); Cape Colony (Dr. Smith), Annshaw (Miss F’. Barrett). Hap. 18-22 mill., HYBLAINZA. Genus HYBLAAA. Type. Hyblea, Fabr. Ent. Syst. i. 2, p. 127 (1794) ... pwera. HYBL&A PUERA, Cram. Pap. Exot. pl. 103 D, E. Hab. British East Africa; N’Gamiland (Lugard) ; Delagoa Bay (Mrs. Monteiro) ; Cape Colony (Dr. Smith) ; Madagascar; Aden; Japan; China; India, Ceylon, and Burma; Loochoo; Java; North Guinea; Queensland; West Indies; South America. Hxp. 32-40 mill 440 Annals of the South African Musewm. GENERA AUCTORUM. Bithra spilosomoides, Wlk. xxxil. 621 (1865). Type lost ss Chalestra podaresalis, WIk. xix. 853 2808) Type lost.. : aes Galapha cagiiniaa: Wik. XV. 1851 (1858). Type lost.. Se Senet Phanaspa dilatalis, Wik. >0.0:¢h aan Wass, (1865). Type lost... Dae ch South Africa. Cape Colony. Natal. South Africa. (441) SUPPLEMENT. (1a) TimoRA DISTICTA, n. sp. &. Head and front part of thorax bright pink; palpi, frons, and hinder half of thorax ochreous; pectus and legs whitish, the latter striped with pink above; abdomen ochreous. Forewing pale ochreous ; the costal area, extending to middle of cell, bright pink, leaving the costa ochreous; a diffused orange-yellow fascia below the cell from base to middle of wings, the inner margin orange- yellow ; a pink fascia on vein 1 from before middle to termen, the area above it and the cell slightly suffused with fuscous; white points at middle of cell and on discocellulars; the veins beyond the cell slightly streaked with white ; cilia bright pink. Hindwing white. Hab. Basutoland, Masite (Weigall). Hzxp. 34 mill. Type in B.M. (3) ASPIDIFRONTIA ATAVISTIS, N. Sp. Proboscis fully developed; frons with roughened prominence. 3. Head and thorax clothed with pale and dark brown, black and white scales ; tegule with black medial line ; abdomen brownish ochreous, whitish at base. Forewing pale and dark brown; the costal area ochreous irrorated with some dark scales to beyond middle, the subcostal veins streaked with white ; the inner area to submedian fold ochreous leaving vein 1 dark and defined by pinkish and white scales and a dark streak on inner margin except at base; claviform a narrow elongate black-defined streak from base ; orbicular small diamond-shaped, ochreous defined by black ; reniform with its upper part ochreous, its lower whitish and angled inwards on median neryure to origin of vein 2; the interspaces beyond the cell slightly streaked with black; an ochreous subterminal mark above and below vein 6 and a V-shaped mark between veins 3, 4; the extremity of veins streaked with white ; a terminal series of black points. Hind- wing ochreous white, the veins tinged with brown, diffused towards termen ; a terminal series of small blackish lunules. Hab. Cape Colony, Transkei (Miss F. Barrett). Hap. 34 mill. Type in B.M. 442 Annals of the South African Museum. (2a) HELIOPHOBUS FERROGRISEA, 0. Sp. 3. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey mixed with fuscous black. Forewing grey irrorated with black and tinged with ferruginous red ; very indistinct waved grey antemedial, postmedial, and subterminal lines ; a small dark discoidal annulus. Hindwing grey irrorated and suffused with fuscous ; the under side paler, the costal and terminal areas strongly irrorated with fuscous, a dark discoidal point. Hab. Basutoland, Masite (Weigall). Hap. 28 mill. Type in B.M. (3a) CHARIDEA CHCA, 0. sp. g$. Head and thorax grey-brown mixed with black; tegule darker, some of the scales tipped with white ; abdomen grey-brown irrorated with dark brown. Forewing grey, thickly irrorated with dark brown; a black subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; the antemedial line with small triangular spot on costa, bent inwards from below costa to vein 1; claviform large, deep black; orbicular and reniform deep black, the former produced to a slight point on inner side; the postmedial line minutely waved, with small triangular spot at costa bent outwards below costa, exeurved to vein 4, then incurved and angled outwards at vein 1, the area from just beyond it to sub- terminal line suffused with fuscous, the line indistinct greyish, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle ; some pale points on costa towards apex; a black terminal line. Hindwing pale brown with an ochreous tinge; the under side ochreous white, the costal and terminal areas suffused with brown and irrorated with grey, a slight discoidal spot and curved postmedial line. Hab. Natal, Charleston. Hzp. 34 mill. Type in B.M. Allied to C. lewcopis, the male of which will probably be found to have similar antennee. (2a) SESAMIA RUBRITINCTA, N. sp. &. Head and thorax ochreous suffused with purple-red, the vertex of head and tegule, except at base, without red; antenne, tibiz, and tarsi fulvous; abdomen ochreous suffused with purple- red. Forewing ochreous whitish ; the veins and interspaces with diffused red streaks except on basal two-thirds of costal area and the inner area, the red becoming purplish pink on medial part of terminal area and the veins of that part dark brown; a highly curved minutely dentate antemedial red line; a whitish discoidal point; a dentate postmedial line excurved below costa, then oblique; a diffused blackish subterminal band from below apex to above vein 2; an interrupted dark terminal line. Hindwing ochreous white, the inner The Moths of South Africa. 443 margin and cilia slightly tinged with purple-red ; the under side with traces of a curved postmedial line on costal area. Hab. Basutoland, Maseru (Wroughton). Hzp, 46 mill, Type in B.M. (2a) CARADRINA LEUCOPIS, N. Sp. Head and thorax black-brown; abdomen fuscous. Forewing black-brown slightly irrorated with grey; an indistinct short sub- basal line from costa defined by pale brownish on inner side; a waved antemedial line interrupted at cell and vein 1 and defined by pale brownish on inner side ; orbicular small, black, elliptical ; reni- form a small black lunule with prominent white spot on its outer edge ; a faint waved oblique line from lower angle of cell to inner margin; a somewhat dentate postmedial line slightly defined by brownish on outer side, bent outwards below costa, excurved to vein 4, then incurved and angled outwards again at vein 1; a pale brownish subterminal line defined by diffused black on inner side, angled outwards at vein 7, excurved at middle and again towards tornus; a terminal series of small black spots. Hindwing pale fuscous ; the under side white except towards costa and termen, a small discoidal spot. Hab. Basutoland, Machacha, 10,000 (Crawshay). Hap. 30-34 mill, Type in B.M, (17a) CARADRINA GLAUCISTIS, 0. sp. 3. White; palpi black at sides except at tips; thorax with a few black scales ; legs with some black, the tarsi banded with black; abdomen with slight fuscous bands. Forewing slightly irrorated with fuscous, the basal and terminal areas suffused with fuscous; an oblique black antemedial line angled outwards below costa and in submedian fold and excurved above inner margin ; a diffused oblique medial line strongly angled outwards to lower angle of cell; a slight black discoidal lunule; the postmedial line dentate, bent outwards below costa, angled inwards in discal fold, strongly incurved in sub- median fold, then angled outwards on vein 1; the subterminal line defined by diffused fuscous on its inner side, angled outwards at vein 7 and excurved at middle; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing semihyaline white, the terminal area tinged with fuscous ; the under side with discoidal point and postmedial and terminal series. Hab. Basutoland, Maseru (Crawshay). Hxp. 28 mill. Type in B.M. 444 Annals of the South African Museum. (2a) Hurenia inexrricata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 147 (1882). Hab. Basutoland, Maseru (Crawshay) ; China; India; Ceylon. Hap. 32-40 mill. (13) HUrELIA ALBIAPICATA, n. SD. ?. Head and thorax olive-green mixed with black; abdomen greyish mixed with red, the dorsal crests black with pale oblique marks on each side of them. Forewing with olive-green and brown shades, the basal area suffused with leaden scales extending on costal area to middle of wing; a double black antemedial line excurved from costa to median neryure, then incurved; a brownish white discoidal patch extending to costa and including the reniform which is slightly outlined with fuscous and with a blackish line from it to inner margin angled outwards above vein 1; a double post- medial line, oblique from costa to vein 6, then incurved to vein 2 and excurved above vein 1, and with two less distinct lines beyond it, an oblique black streak on the inner line from vein 8 continued to middle of termen; apical area greenish, with white patch at apex, the veins streaked with black and a small black subterminal spot: above vein 6; a crenulate black subterminal line. Hindwing fus- cous brown with slight pale marks on inner margin and termen towards tornus; a crenulate black terminal line; cilia rufous; the under side whitish irrorated with brown and the terminal area suffused with purple-red, a small black discoidal spot, a waved post- medial line and three on terminal area. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). zp. 26 mill. Type in B.M. Genus PARDASENA. Type ype. Pardasena, Wik. xxxv. 1730 (1866) ... ... reseliordes. Differs from Blenina in the hindwing having vein 4 absent. Sect. I. Hindwing with veins 3, 5 shortly stalked. (1) PARDASENA PUNCTATA, N. sp. @. Grey-white; palpi marked with black above; vertex of head and patagia with black points ; legs irrorated with black. Forewing with black point at base of costa and curved subbasal punctiform black line from costa to subcostal nervure; obliquely placed black antemedial points on vein 1 and above inner margin, a point on middle of inner margin; a discoidal point; the postmedial line represented by a series of black points strongly bent outwards below The Moths of South Africa. 445 costa, excurved to vein 4, then oblique; the subterminal line some- what diffused, fuscous, excurved below costa and at middle and angled inwards in discal fold; a terminal series of black points. Hindwing white tinged with fuscous. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 20 mill. Type in B.M. Sect. II. Hindwing with veins 3, 5 from cell. (2) PARDASENA VIRGULANA, Mab. Bull. Soc. Ent. Belge, 1880, p. xvii- Hab. British East Africa, Sabaki River, Nzoai, Eb. Urru; Natal, Durban (Leigh); Madagascar. Hap. 18-22 mill. (5) ACRIPIA SEMIVIRIDIS, N. sp. 9. Head and thorax olive-green ; pectus and legs white irrorated with brown; tarsi banded black and white ; abdomen purplish fus- cous, pale brownish below. Forewing olive-green with numerous fine pale striz ; some slight black points on costa towards apex and some subterminal points; cilia purplish brown at tips. Hindwing purplish brown; the under side pale brown striated with black and with black discoidal spot. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hzp. 26 mill. Type in B.M. (6) ACRIPIA POLIOTIS, n. sp. $. Head and thorax yellow-brown suffused with grey and irro- rated with a few black scales; abdomen brownish ochreous. Fore- wing yellow-brown suffused with white especially on basal and costal area and irrorated with a few black scales; the apex slightly pro- duced and the termen slightly excurved at middle ; a slight subbasal line from costa to submedian fold; an oblique waved brown ante- medial line ; a white discoidal lunule with two black points on it; a minutely dentate postmedial line, excurved below costa and at median nervules, then incurved ; an indistinct somewhat dentate subterminal line slightly excurved below costa and at middle; a terminal series of black points on white spots. Hindwing ochreous brown; the under side grey-brown irrorated with black on costal area and from lower angle of cell to termen, a black discoidal point and oblique postmedial line, a terminal series of small black lunules. @. Abdomen and hindwing suffused with fuscous. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh) ; Cape Colony, Grahamstown (Schén- land). Hap. 36-38 mill. Type in B.M. (3) WESTERMANNIA LuMINosA, WIk. xy. (1859). Thalpochares parectata, Wllgrn. Wien. Ent. Mon. vii. p. 148 (1863). 446 Annals of the South African Museum. Hab. Congo; Abyssinia; British East Africa, Tana River; N’Gamiland ; Matabeleland (Oates). Hxp. 24 mill. (4) WESTERMANNIA RUFICEPS, N. sp. $. Head rufous; thorax pure white; legs tinged with yellow ; abdomen brownish white, the anal tuft and extremity tinged with ochreous. Forewing white ; the costal area suffused with pale olive- green ; an olive-green band from discal fold in end of cell to inner margin, and a patch beyond the cell before the indistinct postmedial line formed of dark points, excurved below costa, oblique to vein 4, then incurved ; the terminal area thickly irrorated with rufous and with diffused rufous patches at middle and above inner margin; the extreme apex yellowish. Hindwing yellowish white tinged with brown towards termen. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hxp. 24 mill. Type in B.M. (27a) OPHIUSA VIOLASCENS, N. sp. 9. Head, tegule, and patagia lilacine grey irrorated with a few brown scales; abdomen pale brownish, the ventral surface white irrorated with dark brown. Forewing lilacine grey irrorated with black and suffused with rufous towards the subterminal line; an oblique waved pale rufous antemedial line defined by white on outer side; orbicular and reniform defined by rufous, the former a minute annulus, the latter constricted at middle; the postmedial line rufous defined by white on inner side, excurved below costa and at middle, angled inwards in discal and submedian folds; subterminal line whitish defined by diffused dark rufous on inner side and brownish on outer, incurved below costa, angled outwards at vein 7, then incurved and ending at tornus; the terminal area greyer with highly crenulate rufous terminal line ; cilia blackish except at apex and tornus. Hindwing ochreous brown the terminal half suffused with fuscous ; cilia white, brown at middle; the under side white irrorated with brown, the terminal half suffused with brown. Hab. Natal, Durban (Leigh). Hap. 46 mill. Type in B.M. (447) XIV.—South African Hydrachnids (First Paper).—By Sic Tor, Christiama, Norway. (Plates XVI.-XXTI.) THE study of the Water-mites (Hzdrachnide) of South Africa had been completely neglected until Dr. W. F. Purcell, six years ago, collected some specimens, which Professor G. O. Sars handed over to me for determination, viz.: 1. Diplodontus despiciens (Miller, 1776), 2. Liumnesia undulata ? (Miller, 1776), and 3. a new genus and species, Capobates sarsi Sig Thor, 1898 (26, 27).* During the last few years Mr. Purcell and Mr. R. M. Lightfoot collected a large number of Hydrachnids, especially from the brack and fresh-water ponds of the Cape Peninsula, and they have sent me the specimens for examination, the first results of which are embodied in this paper. I have in all determined 16 species. Of these 10 are new to science, 3 are well-known cosmopolitan species, while 1 was previously described by me (27) from the Cape Flats, and 2 by Dr. F. Koenike (20, 21, 22, 23) from Hast Africa and Madagascar. Some nymphs could not be identified with certainty, and are, therefore, not recorded in this paper. I. Famrny EULAIDZ Kramer, 1877 (13). I. Gen. EULAIS Latreille, 1796 (3). 1. HuLAis PURCELLI nh. sp. Plates XVI., XVIL., figs. 1-4. Length of body about 3-4 mm. Width if >». 2o-3°O mm. * The numbers in brackets after authors’ names refer to the List of Literature at the end of the paper. 36 448 Annals of the South African Museum. Length of maxillary palps about 1-4 mm. » leg I about 2mm, * wp JUL ng 2 ONG taarem, ” m9 IDOL ” 2-8 mm. 99 BIEN Pater anes as adiiaals This mite is one of the largest species of the genus, and is closely related to Hulais megalostoma Koenike, 1897 (22, 23), and Hulais georges Soar, 1901 (34), from which it differs especially in the shape of the eye-plate, the maxillary palps, and the air-sacks. The real colowr is unknown to me, being probably red, like that of most Hulais-species, but decolorised by the alcohol. . The shape does not differ from the usual Hulais-form, being flat and broadly ovoid. The legs are rather short; the fourth pair is nearly as long as the body and without swimming hairs ; the first pair is much thickened, and possesses only a few swimming hairs. The claws exhibit the usual appearance and are bifid, the ventral tip being short and stout. Hyes.—The shape of the eye-plates places this mite in the group of H. megalostoma Koen., and H. george: Soar. EH. purcella n. sp., however, differs very distinctly from both these species. The eye- plate of each side (containing each two eyes) is short (0°2 mm.), but the whole expanse of the eye-plates, measured from side to side, is 0-5 mm., for the length of the eye-bridge connecting the plates alone amounts to 0:18 mm. This long eye-bridge is curved backwards (fig. 1). The large haw-pores (fig. 1, h) are situated nearer to the ends of the bridge than in H. georget Soar—much as in EH. megalostoma Koen.; but H. purcelli n. sp., does not possess the four lens-like tubercles (cf., H. megalostoma Koenike (23), Plate XX., fig. 1, 71, 7?). The eye-lenses have the usual form. Maxillary Organs.—The maxillary plate (fig. 2) is very like that of LH. megalostoma Koen., with extremely large mouth-opening and large oral fringe (‘‘Mundsaum’’) (fig. 2, &). The large, anterior, lateral process (fig. 2, pf) is still larger than in H. megalostoma Koen., and directed more backwards. The pharynx is very thick, while the az-sacks are thinner and shorter, with their hind ends but little curved (fig. 2, /s). The mandibles (fig. 3) show no very remarkable differences from those of the two species mentioned above; the posterior inner process (fig. 3, st), however, is thicker and the inner side more irregular. The maxillary palps (figured from the outer side in fig. 4) furnish South African Hydrachnids. 449 the best characters for distinguishing this species from EZ. mega- lostoma Koen., and H. georgei Soar. The palps of E. purcellt are long and thin, whereas those of ZH. megalostoma Koen., are short and thick, this difference being most pronounced in the fourth and fifth segments. The fifth (last) segment is very long and almost cylindrical, and is narrow in the middle; its distal end is not so pointed, but is furnished with a greater number of small spines or bristles, the segment possessing altogether about 24-30 spines. The comparative lengths of the five segments may be seen from the following measurements (in order from the first to the fifth segment) : about 0-17 +0:23+0:26+0-50+0:32 mm. The third segment has only a small, inner, distal dilatation with 7 small spines. The fourth segment possesses on the outer side (fig. 4) 8 spines and 2 feathered ones at the distal end, while on the inner side are about 20 spines, viz. 10 in a row and 10 others, partly feathered. The epimera and the genital area (opening and hairs) are like those of most of the species of the genus. Locality —Mr. Purcell and Mr. Lightfoot collected 5 ex. (Sa Ae Mus. Reg. No. 9033) in fresh-water ponds near Retreat Vlei, Cape Flats, together with four other species (Oct., 1900). 2. HULAIS LIGHTFOOTI n. sp. Plates XVI., XVIL., figs. 5-8. Length of body about 3-4 mm. Width ad a» Daas Tena, Length of maxillary palps 1:1 mm. This mite may be referred to the group of Hulais miilleri Koenike, 1897 (22), but it is very different from all the species known to me. It is as large as H. purcelli n. sp. The colowr, shape, epimera and legs do not differ much from EH. purcella n. sp. Eyes.—The eye-plates (fig. 5) are very regular, the eye-bridge being almost uniformly semicircular, emarginated in the anterior and in the posterior border and provided in the former with a small process directed forwards (fig. 5, p). The hair-pores (fig. 5, h) are small and situated far towards the sides in the punctuated capsules. Mazillary Organs.—The mazillary plate (fig. 6) is short, with the ends of the posterior lateral processes (fig. 6, pp) much broadened. The mouth-opening is as large as in H. megalostoma Koen., and Hi. purcelli n. sp., and has a large oral fringe. The pharyna is short but capacious. 450 Amnals of the South African Museum. The mandibles (fig. 7) are relatively narrow, with obtuse, inner, basal process (fig. 7, st). The maxilary palps furnish us here also with a good character for distinguishing the species. The structure is, on the whole, quite normal, The lengths of the five segments (reckoning from the first to the fifth) are: 0:15+0-24+0:2+04+0-2 mm. The third segment has only a small, inner, distal dilatation with 4 very short spines. The fourth segment possesses on the outer side only 3 long dagger spines in a row and | at the distal end near the dorsal side; on the inner side are 10 spines, viz., 3 thick dagger spines, 5 short feathered ones, and 2 long ones near the dorsal side. The other organs do not show remarkable differences. Locality.—Mr. Lightfoot and Mr. Purcell collected about 20 ex. in fresh-water ponds near Retreat Vlei (Oct., 1900) (Reg. No. 9034), and in brack ponds at Zeekoe Vlei, Cape Flats (March, 1900) (Reg. No. 9035). 3. HuLAis VARIABILIS 0. sp. Plates XVI., XVII., figs. 9-15. Length of body about 2-3 mm. Width a ny =) Teo, Length of maxillary palps about 0-9-1 mm. Length of leg I about 1:6 mm. 2 5 Ju... BO waza, a sq JUL gg) BIL iaationy, 99 5) JW, Bee) ianyan, I have found many variations in this mite, and have, therefore, delineated several eye-plates. It is possible that later on one will have to distinguish two or more species, but at present I can only look upon them as varieties of one form. Several transitional forms are also met with. The general appearance of the mite is the ordinary one, the characteristic differences lying in the form of the eye-plates and the maxillary organs. Some of its characters place it in the neighbour- hood of H. lightfoott n. sp., and H. degenerata Koenike, 1897 (22, 23). Hyes.—The typical eye-plates (fig. 9) resemble in shape those of H. miillert Koenike, 1897 (22), and H. dividuws Soar, 1901 (84). The eye-bridge is broad, with the hind margin in almost a straight line and at right angles to the eye-capsules. The muscle-peg is broad, rounded, and directed forwards towards the rounded incision South African Hydrachnids. 451 of the anterior margin. On both sides are the large hair-pores, placed relatively near together. In the one variety, H. variabilis vay. magna nov. var. (fig. 10) the eye-bridge is still larger, with the hind margin curved, the in- cision of the front margin wider and the muscle-peg larger and divided. In another variety, EH. variabilis var. intermedia nov. vay. (fig. 11), the eye-plates and bridge are smaller, with the muscle-peg also smaller, directed backwards and extending beyond the hind margin The hair-pores are situated more towards the sides, nearer to the eye-capsules. Mazillary Organs.—The mazillary plate (fig. 12) is very peculiar, the inferior part being coalesced with the pharyna (fig. 12, ph), so that it is impossible to distinguish the hinder part of the maxillary plate from the pharynx. The long, posterior, maxillary processes (fig. 12, pp) apparently arise from the pharynx. A similar formation probably exists in H. degenerata Koenike, 1897 (22, 23), but the pharynx in #. variabilis n. sp., is thin and long. The azr-sacks (fig. 12, Js) and the anterior maxillary processes (fig. 12, pf) are also long and robust. The mouth-opening is large, with a large oral fringe (fig. 12, &). The maxillary palps (figs. 13 and 14) are very like those of H. degenerata Koen., with the fifth segment pointed. The spines on the small distal process of the third segment are very long, but only a few are feathered ; they are 9 in number, and in addition there are 3 or 4 in the middle of the segment. The fourth segment possesses on the outer side (fig. 13) about 4 or 5 long ensiform spines besides 6 smaller ones, and on the inner side (fig. 14) about 6 ensiform spines in a row and 11-12 others, about 8 of the latter being feathered. The lengths of the 5 segments (reckoning from the first to the fifth) are: 0:10+0:16+0-18 +0:28+0-18 mm. The epimera, the “anus,” and the genital area with the genital hairs are shown in fig. 15. Locality.—Mr. Purcell and Mr. Lightfoot collected about 40 ex, in fresh-water ponds near Retreat Vlei, Cape Flats (Oct., 1900) (Reg. No. 9036). 4. Huuais voELTzKow! Koenike, 1897 (22, 23). Locality.—Mr. Purcell collected 1 ex. in a fresh-water pond on the Maitland Flats, near Cape Town (Sept., 1899) (Reg. No. 4624), and 2 ex. near Retreat Vlei (Oct., 1900) (Reg. No. 9037). ~ 452 Annals of the South African Musewm. II. Suscen. CAPEULAIS nov. subgen. The hinder portion of the body is thickened or vesicularly en- larged in the ventral part, the thickened part being provided with a longish depression below along the middle. Seen from the dorsal side the body appears obovate (different from Hulais Latreille [3]), becoming narrower posteriorly, the posterior surface of the narrower part sloping downwards until it forms part of the ventral enlargement. Very characteristic for this subgenus is the shape of the palps and of the fourth pair of legs. Both the palps and the fourth pair of legs are greatly thickened in a different manner to those in Huwlais Latr. The palps are very short and thick and possess but few of the ordinary spines; but, on the other hand, there are two exceedingly thick and strong spines near the distal end on the outer side (on the fourth and fifth segments). It is doubtful whether Capeulais (C. crassipalpis n. sp.) is best regarded as a genus or as a subgenus of Hulais Latr. I consider at present the latter interpretation best, as Capeulais agrees with Fulais Latr., in regard to the skin, the eye-plates, the epimera, the genital area, and the 3 anterior pairs of legs. The fourth pair of legs agrees also in being without swimming hairs and without genital processes. 5. CAPEULAIS CRASSIPALPIS 0. sp. Plate XVIII, figs. 16-22. Length of body about 1:6—2:1 mm. Width 7. Hind end of petiolus, highly magnified, with the apparent perpendicular but not chitinised process. . Left maxillary palp, highly magnified and seen from the outer side, but with the prehensile spine, sp, visible; cl, fifth segment (claw). . Contours of the right maxillary palp (inner side) ; sp, prehensile spine; cl, fifth segment (claw). Arrenurus meridionalis n. sp.?. Figs. 40-42. Pl. XXI. . Dorsal surface of body. . Hind margin and genital area with the pore-plates (ventral surface). - Maxillary palp, highly magnified. Arrenurus converus n. sp.?. Figs. 43-45. Pl. XXI. 3. Dorsal surface of body. . Ventral surface of body. 5. Right maxillary palp (less magnified than in figs. 34, 38, and 42). re Hie ite alkcaey fay. RAST eC L 1 i f EW, Ann.S. Afr.Mus. Vol II. bo-lith. = ewinenh poo ae ms 7) co) ae Ss PIXVI. Ann. .S. Afr. Mus.VolL Il. West,Newman photo-lith. Soul Airicans mycdreachaids, 20.1: 1g Thor: = PLXAVITL. Ann .S. Afr Mus. VolLII. st, Newman photo-ith. We Hydrachnids. nol. ican ‘South Atri Sig lWavere aoe So Ate Wins. Voll. LiKe West,Newman photo-th. Sig Thor: South African Hydrachnids. no.l. Ann.S. Afr. Mus.Vol.II. Oe West,Newman photolith. Sig Thor: South African Hydrachnids. no.1. LOGE Ann .S. Afr.Mus. VoL.IL. 29 see 9. ae Ses FO ON, Soe eg Ae West.Newman photo-lith. Ne O at African Hydrachnids. Souk C si lave’ Sig T ( 467 ) INDEX PAGE PNEOSLOL AN craterel ais cies ate stsyeisereretae 344 Acanthocoris .......... 945, 249-251 ANGAMINOMIHISS ago0000ccs0000000 367 AGAMA, cqgqaugudnaaenoaod 246 AGRNETOIMNS soooodadaaoaccogee 323 INCOM Tai ciera/ s/o ieiei sisia-a 43, 48 Paurophleps .......... wooed 43, 52 eer lalla. 5 ogancaoco0eNGC 246, 247 ABOU CLAM A se iets) o-cevrre aecetelspeiecs iors 376 IASAMUDISIS Good aneuecsouees OY, Wil IPSRUS oo goooeooocoodOnoOnL 110 eriplectus) fesse ci. seve ee seis) «10 118 Pe taloeme mis vrei ile lerellec sie 245 PetiaSCeliSir cs sare. cei ie 244, 249, 251 APS bia Wes. 8 ec asaeyaele steteietensyaer ea 244 hrartin OWN! <\sistsis/s\ereicistssiclersicie ele 238 FETE MOLE) | ye dis eevetsvspaneiever sislensie 43, 51 IP ane RNC OSIS «0 cc0oeb00000000 43, 44 PINAL ooc¢encoasccnconuce 206 Piawyllogormle, o5ocn06c000adan00c 250 Phy llombtochilayyerterrltererree cele 241 HV OSTIN A Ooesvetevevetevsiaih sereverer ows ese cs 237 IDI ee adcee ER OOoC OO Ue 246 IPL OUM CI alcve ereya.ctecedaseccievevenersie ese eve 311 HPUSB eters ysiets oi. sicie cel sizne sueisi ete 345 JETS) GooascaocadocauKNS 371 TOT amgeycearevsscvassierenevevsis ctouctesciee sine 278 Roliothripamee eee eee 311 IMO alesis ob econnoaccnounecec 358 IZ OMNONAROMNTIE) Bocaococcanaduoec 350 IProcaimbhiay eel. eins) se ole: 52, 59 HELOCOMIS repevcteyeterewerscrescielelelslo cha 362 I OM ena, Meyarevs creiieraaus crs ecerewis es 288 PYPOLUWACA) Geyaicie cievsiers or ereis(@ tieverecers 360 se udaslossaiyncsiciera- slelsiec 16-16 425 Rseudonachamrereeeerere core 35, 38 IP STCMOLOE! vasa. Siarstsyoreusiees ons, Staveley 35 IE SEMeNANIN, GoooodoobJoDMDOS 53, 63 IZSO by Ws sean bone cas aaneres 43, 44 R IRENE gadocacooauncoso0KeG 257 BI VAUOATEND Be eee) ay shew elovere e/ols/ele «:c,ere's 394 uei@henaciaitercesereicieieicteisierels 123 IRINA SOTA atc ccrelisy sis ave sualethe cvarcie.cte 434 Whanidoplworai ees eee ee 369 Uno OP ASEAN ayer tele eloisielsr elects 52, 60 PAGE JenATE MIN CogouogocooD Do o0Kn 433 IMAGES gooaoanooocascHbes 317 IMAWAMEOMS coasococondaseooocede 245 TRUISOWEs vara oicressrs tev ssarele, 5) tysleie ees 353 Dyas) oyejcsers: es cnreisrs fseicsctaleiels 122 S) SIRI, codcoccnco0HaobanOuE 378 SCCUSIO! sc Societe ce sess esses 53, 62 WOLLOMCS sc e2e) 5:0: eiarepel siersyeverevsre esate 354 SESANT Ais eeicre\erc'eis\s cierslersssces 296, 442 Severiniellaieciyeyicte svelte cleo elereys 252 SHGGIEY. oshoogoane do de ogocs .. 438, 50 SOM OUED cooccecascaqugcco0ands 207 DOZMSA s;sferelovsieleueis see eyaieietererevevers 42, 45 Sphingomorpha .............. 354 Spodopteray easy eie ee rear 287 Stenocephalus ...............- 246 SOKO OIE So0c00000000000000 309 P\AnalVee Bo duncoondeopdooanb UT 295 SyaVbOwMashs crereyarciais) svere cys srererersvexs 35, 37 a Ma tac he tra aerctersverersetorretverereietnets 383 WIE VETO ANCES occascccocdco00 393 Ta WA ane o's tstaicisicie s¥eveveverecsiersigaceahe 353 MevACOGOMA) cots 520) siars/cyee seelerel os ste 52, 58 Mestacell a icc). /chacisiersaverereroveuste’ = 234 MELLACIME /.f. fielelere cusye ete sie cracls 439 Mier sia cio ec tye. vcizs sie eteretels seeres 365 ANDVWARBWIS asogodboocanoscKeDCC 35, 39 STUN OV Aiterencte eters a cvereuaraiel ea. lertes 956, 441 ANODORNATIIBG §=ooaone0n00G00000KC 394. IP ra USUS He oietsrs wie Saree cescrele Heleai ers 122 Myiclasetayy seats sonia oeteee ree « 35, 36 UbeireTOGAKS sooocecbo0e00c0Cac 119 Mrismlordes.” ey ejhe weve cyst oes stele 344 AUR OKO OUI, Goaoscsscoacoodanc 422 Minmni ditronblameerreeeeee scree rer 282, U Wroplectestmererrieriite errr 175 WROGWEIES ceoancvcbspou0abc008 234 Wtetiverseieryerrer-loryeieversversrercrers 52, 61 V Weroruegilis sooscccco0agns0000 235 W Westermannia ............ 315, 445 x Dab ebiSy ace peroievensc cers aja ceuais 43, 50 Namibhopteraieacil\s cry else 396 Xanthospilopteryx .......... 63, 65 Z ZIG bW OS are rere te eects) snore ote) mle ores) si: este 497 ZEAL O WaUb ain vefsreyeleisiersskers ahavslcatevers ale 379 + PRINTERS & 34 {6 PUBLISHERS ® | ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. VOLUME IT. PART I. containing :-— A ConuEction or Sniucs. rRom Sour AFRICA, WITH DkSCRIPTIONS OF some NEW Species. By Warrer E, Cotrinen, F.Z.8., Assistant Lecturer in. 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