Bntenes S a rs nee oh) ‘1 a bo ev eMntel} Pada . oo 7 i a | tie . : oath iN HAN A . . : Ha a ee ae a Bae | oe A ¢ iy B e i i. : . . } A A es WA ; 5 - oe . o a a b 42 ‘% 3 ays Mise G Site oD - is £15 i oe Ui AS BAY we aN oa 7 Mi ee mi ce a a . i ne aes 3 a Bi \4 1. ‘ Hy} ps i RAN 7 ce ue oo ‘ . os 3 ae ta a i a a ya Pana | -. co ‘ a - _ - . a a . a | : 7 Rees Ry CG seayts Rea Rate ; a aN 2 AGB ‘ ‘ a ae : 4 : i oe - - oe ae . i a Pa y 4 i Y ; te zi ne o eas ne : ‘ Sea Seo R rar nae nog ne pane is = : ances a Sate Seca ners 5 = ReaD tno 2 a ee “ eo . “ x anna anne —_ Ke eee fy mos —_" ae a te oe nS ae ell oo A UR ait eaangaa nana pares e CS eae i oo ea ES See CE ECE KES | COC Ea ~ ak WANA AR, Ae By ALA Nic alala\ernay ann Nl A AAA AA a Na A 7 an (ake ELS PT, ES Cae SS 0 Cg OS as f Ad Ra a A A MM AYN a ny a A (aXe eraaie A A al A ‘ ‘ r ‘ re A BS f\ CE EEG ss HC. by E.G Squier. 5. Memoir on the Reciprocal Action of two Galvanic Currents; by A. Secchi, of Georgetown College. . On the Classification of Insects, from Embryological Data; by Professor Louis Agassiz. 7. Monograph of Mosasaurus and the Allied Genera; by Dr. R. W. Gibbes. CBee: these, several other papers not described in my last report have been printed, anid are ready for separate distribution. The first of these I shall mention, is by Professor Lieber, of the College, of South Caro- lina, on the sata sounds of Laura Bridoman, the line and deaf mute, whose mind, apparently for ever consigned to darkness, has been almost miraculously enlightened, by the sagacity, ingenuity and perseverance of Dr. Howe. There is perhaps at this time, no living human being who offers to the psychologist, so attractive an object of study as this imdividual - and hence every ohsenvation relative to her peculiar habits is of oreat interest. Dr. Lieber has, from year to year during his summer vacations, been in the habit of visiting Laura Bridgman, and on one occasion, spent three months in her immediate neighborhood, for the purpose of city, for the purpose of identification or verlica ition, thus involving a consider loss of time and credit. These specimens becoming widel y scattered, rarely return hither, and when another occasion arise S, i. whole labor has to be repeate. By retaining them here and combining with them such series of specimens from North America, and other parts of the world, as may be specially procured for the purpose, yey little delay in making up reports, need hereafter arise. It will, course, be necessary to call in the aid of the library 1 in procuring iL fe general and special works which may be required in these investigations. Tow ae such help the rich collection of transactions of learned societies, alreac ly in the library of the Institution, and angmenting daily, will greatly tend. Collections illustrating the orene ral Natural History of North America, become then, an object of primary importance. Much valuable material of this kind is now on hand, and much, it is hoped, will be procured in the various ways hereafter specified. An excee linoly i important aid to this is furnished by the act of Consress establishing the S: nithsonian Institution which specifies that all objects of Natural History belonging, or hereafter to belons to the United States, in whosoever custody the same may be, shall be delivered to such persons as are authorized by the Board of Regents to receive them. ‘This entrusts to the Institution the custody of all collec- c1] 46 tions publicly and officially made; but there are many valuable specimens procured in a private way whose acquisition must depend on the co-opera- tion and assistance of officers of the various expeditions, and of heads of de- partments. Officers stationed at the various military posts, have it in their power to do much, by procuring the objects of Natural History in their vicinity, and forwarding them to Washington. It is earnestly hoped that this co-operation may he obtained generally. Next in importance to North American objects of nature, are those of Europe. The ties uniting the two continents are not merely those of moral, civil and_ political relationship, for the connection existing between the Natural History of the two is almost as intimate. A large proportion of the genera found in the ene, eccur in the other, often the same species, or those that are very closely allied. This is true of all orders of animals and of most families of plants. Next to Europe comes ieee a region which, in some respects, is more closely allied to our country, than even Europe. This is especilly the ase with respect to the reptiles, some of which, as species of Plestiodon, and others have been considered by eminent herpetologists absolutely identical with North American. Unfortunately there are at the present time almost insuperable difficulties in the way of procuring Japanese specimens; the Dutch Ne being the only ones who have succeeded in exploring even the shores of this country. Little can be done, there- fore, except by exchange with the museums of Holland. With regard to collections from other countries than those specified, the best rule will be to seek for those series which the other museums of the country do not possess. What these are, I do not, at present, feel prepared to state; but hope to have it in my power in a future re- port, to illustrate more fully this subject, in a general account of the dif- ferent collections in North America. It may, per rhaps, be well to indicate briefly the branches of North American Natural History which have recieved most attention. Mam- malia have been ably investigated by Godman, Harlan, Audubon, Bach- man and others; the present state of our knowledge of the subject being exhibited in the works of the two last named gentlemen. There is, however, no good collection of these animals; that of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, bemg much the best in the countiy. The private collection of Mr, Audubon is more complete than any other. It is a mortifying fact that this gentleman was obliged to have recourse to foreion museums for the purpose of figuring and “describing certain North American species, which should have been accessible in one collection, at least, in this country. The ornithological collections of the country, both public and private are very numerous. Among the former, that of the Academy of Natural Sciences, is by far the best. The Ne ~w York Lyceum, and the Boston Natural History Society have pretty good collections. Of private collec- tions, among the best are those of Messrs. Bell, Giraud and Lawrence, of New York. The ornithology of North America, east of the Mississippi, has been pretty well worked up, but much remains to be done west of this boundary. General collections of North American reptiles are very rare in this country, that of the Philadelphia academy as usual, being the best among public museums. i 47 [en Fishes have been preserved in several museums throughout the country. The Boston Natural History Society has the best series of North American marine species. The New York Lyceum comes next. Neither possesses many fresh water species, being vastly exceeded in this respect by the col- lections of Professor Agassiz and my own. There is more difficulty in pre- serving alcoholic ee (as collections of reptiles and fishes must, for the most part necessarily - be) than those that are dried; it is to this fact that the scanty eater at a of these classes of ver tebrat ta, is owing. Among insects, Coleoptera have been almost exclusively studied. The private collections of Messrs. Leconte, Haldeman, Morris, Harris, Mel- sheimer and many others, are rich in species. ‘The Messrs. Leconte, father and son, have the largest of these, embracing many hundreds and indeed thousands of undescribed species. The public collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia, and others, are of less value. Le- pidoptera, or butterflies and moths, come next. The best collection per- haps of these, is that of Mr. Titian Peale, of Washington; Messrs. Harris, Morris, and Haldeman, and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila- delphia, have also good ‘collections. Comparatively little is known of the other orders of insects. The Neu- roptera and Orthoptera of New England have been collected by Dr. Harris ; Diptera, Hemiptera, and Hymenoptera, have been almost entirely neglected. Say is Re the only American Naturalist who has occ upied the whole field of Entomology. Spiders have been ably investigated and abundantly collected by Hentz, who is still continuing his labors in this department. Much, however, re- mains to be done. The Podophthaimian Crustacea are preserved in various cabinets, although many species yet await discovery. Messrs. Say, Dana, and Gibbes, are the principal workers in this field. The remaining orders, as Amphipoda, Entomostraca, Isopoda, &c., &c., have been almost wholly neglected. The North Pin crican worms have never been collected to any extent. Of all invertebrata, the hard parts of Mollusca, or shells, have received most.attention in this country. ‘There are numerous valua ble cabinets, public and private, including both domestic and foreign species. The best public collection of American species , 18 probably tl iat of the Acaden ny of Natural Sciences. Among private ones, may be named those of Dr. John C. Jay, John S. Phillips, Asanic Lea, Major John Leconte, J. G. Anthony, Professor Haldeman, and others. Most of these gentlemen have had es- pecial reference to cae ee in their collections. Nothing, however, has been done towards preserving a series of the animals of shells. Very little is known of the Radiata of North America. A few s species are preserved in public museums, but by far the most extensive collection is that belonging to Professor Apassiz. Phanerogamic plants have received much attention, and the private col- lections of Drs. Torrey, Gray and others, with numerous public ones of greater or less extent, leave comparatively little to be desired in this respect. Great additions are continually being received from the count ry west of the Mississippi, in collections made by officers of the army and private indi- viduals. Among these should be mentioned Col. Fremont, Col. Emory, Capt. Stansbury, Major Rich, Messrs. Lindheimer, Wright, F ‘eadien , Gregg, Wislizenus, Drummond, and others. Cryptogamic botany has been considerably neglected until within a few . , oa [ag m 45 years past. The best collections are in the hands of private individuals, as Messrs. Sullivant, Tuckerman, Curtis, Bailey, Lesquereux, and others. - - J;295. 47° 8 Botauical specimens, ~ - - - 3L 15 (0 Preparation of specimens, - - - L317 “F 5 —_ —- —- 3,297 2 10 1848. Minerals and Fossils, - - - - J,11) 36 9 Zoological specimens, - - - - 1,085 5 10 Botanical specimens, . . : 40 1QRES Preparation of specimens, : Ss slecoo a Lite, O — 3,496 15 4 1849. Minerals and Fossils, - - - = «0l 1270 Zoological specimens, - - - 1080 6 J Botanical specimens, - - - . 40h) Stei3 Preparation of specimens, - - - 945 14 7 — 2768 00 II Total, SSL 1G vee Total Expenditures of all kinds, Natural History, Specimens, Books, Fine Arts, &c. From 1753 to 1846 inclusive, - - - £ 816,063 11 0 1847, - ° - L 49,854 7 10 1648; : - - 49,345 2 11 1849, - - - A779 63 «4 : 963,555 5 1 Mis—4. ty] 50 and others. In this I am also borne out by my own experience. For se- veral years past, I have been in the habit of visiting different portions of the United States, mainly in search of vertebrate animals. Accompanied on such occasions by zealous volunteers, | have succeeded in accumulating very extensive collections, including very many rare, and even undescribed spe- cies, besides obtaining much valuable information in regard to the general history of animals and plants. It is mainly to the employment of collectors, that the great European museums owe their richness. In most of these a regular corps is employed continually, in travelling through various portions of the world and gath- ering large numbers of duplicates which are ultimately distributed, in ex- change to other institutions. In cases where memoirs, containing descriptions of animals or plants are presented to the Institution for publication, it should, as far as possible, be made a condition of their acceptance, that a series of the objects described be deposited for the purpose of being placed on record, and as authenticating the species. These should be labelled by the author, and the names thus attached, be ever afterward retamed, even though they may have been in- correct, or may have been modified by subsequent discoveries. Individuals too, should be requested to present similar specimens to be kept in the same manner, illustrating descriptions published elsewhere than by the Smithsonian Institution. At some future period, when the number of duplicates is sufficiently large, it may be possible to furnish lyceums, schools, colleges and other institutions with series of specimens properly labelled and arranged, of various branches of Natural History. Individuals too, engaged in special investigations, may hereafter find it practicable to procure objects 3 im such quantities or of such character, as to render material, if not indispensable aid. ‘This feature will, however, require the cordial co-operation of naturalists and collectors, to render it practicable. I may remark that for the assistance of those who may be unskilled in the collecting, preservation and packing of specimens, a pamphlet containing the Hineenons | is now in preparation, and will shortly be issued by the Tnstic tution. ‘This will be of considerable size, and in addition to ‘the merely taxidermical portions, will contain notices of special desiderata, in par ticular portions of the world; a brief indication of the principal divisions of Natu- ral History ; and monies of the most accessible sources to which the be- gimner must apply for information respecting the different branches of the subject ; the whole illustrated by figures. Respectfully submitted, SPENCER F. BAIRD December 31, 1850. 51 Ts No.l: REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. The Executive committee submitted to the Board the following report of the expenditures, state of finances, &c., of the Smithsonian Institution up to the end of the year, 1850: The whole amount of the Smithsonian bequest received into the Treasury of the United States, was- --------------- $515,169 00 The annual interest on the same at six per cent., iS------------------------------- $30,910 04 The interest which had accrued up to July, 1846, when the trust was placed under the care of the Regents, was- ----------------------------------- 242,129 00 Total,----------------------------------- $757,298 00 The Regents were authorized to expend on the building, the $242,129, which had accrued in interest, together with such portions of interest on the original bequest as might remain ‘unexpended i in any year. It was, however thought that the income of the original bequest w ould be small in propor- tion to the demand made upon it, in carrying out the several parts of the extended plan of organization, and in defraying the necessary expenses of a large building. The Regents, therefore détermined to increase the perma- nent fund by saving from the accrued and accruing interest, the sum of $150,000, and for this purpose they resolved to limit the expenditure on the building and grounds to the sum of $250,000. In order to save a part of the accrued interest, it was further resolved that the building should not be completed at once, tae in the course of a number of years, and that the sum intended for its erection, should be put at interest, so that the income from this source, might in pate defray the expense of the edifice. To carry out this ‘lan, the $242 000 of accrued interest with an addition of interest sufficient to make up $2 50, 000, were drawn from the ‘Treasury and invested in United States sec anes and in order that the Institution might not suffer loss by any depreciation of these securities, the contracts of the building were made payable in Treasury notes at par value, or ijn specie, at the option of the Regents. This temporary investment has proved entirely successful. It has yielded a constant interest, and also a premium in alrnost every case of sale, on account of the rise in the value of government securities. Of the original sum thus put at interest, there remains at present, $180,000, whic h, at sixteen per cent., the present premium of government securities is worth $208,800. From this it’ appears, that after “all the ex- penditure on the building and grounds, on researches, publications and lec- tures, on the Library, Museum, and Gallery of Art, not only is the original bequest untouched, but there is now on hand, $208,300, of unexpended income. ' At the last meeting of the Board of Regents, it was resolved to fire-proof ey 52 the interior of the centre building, at an additional expense of $44,000. The whole cost of the building and grounds in round numbers will then be $300,000. The only way in which this additional expenditure can be met without interferig with the plan of finance above described, is that of ex- tending the time of completing the building. The scheme of adding to the original bequest, will be placed beyond the possibility of failure from any further demands on account of the building, if the petition presented to Congress, to take from the Institution, to be ‘placed with the original be- quest, the sum of $150,000 be granted, there will then remain on hand unexpended, a sum sufficient to complete the whole of the exterior, all the interior of the two wings and of the two ranges, and all the rooms of the towers of the building. This space will be sufficient for the wants of the Institution, until the accumulating interest will enable the Regents to finish the remainder in accordance with the fire-proof plan. At the last meeting of the Board, a new system of keeping the accounts, and making the disbursements was adopted. From the beginning of the Institution up to this time, the accounts had been kept and the disburse- ments made by the Chairman of the Executive committee. This method was temporarily adopted, but had been continued until the expiration of the term of service of the Hon. W. W. Seaton, Chairman of the Executive com- mittee, rendered a change necessary. ‘This gentleman had kept the accounts from the beginning, and made the “disbursements without charge to the In- stitution, and since it was not proper to burthen his successor with such onerous duties, it was resolved that the following system be adopted : 1. That an assistant be appointed to take charge of the funds for the current expenses of the Institution, who shall give security for the safe keeping of all moneys belonging to the Institution, which shall come into his possession. 2. That the funds before mentioned, be deposited until otherwise ordered, with Messrs. Corcoran and Riggs, to the credit of the Treasurer of the In- stitution. 3. That all bills presented for payment, shall be audited and certified by the Secretary, on whose order, the assistant acting as ‘Treasurer shall pay them. 4. That the Treasurer report to the Secretary monthly, all payments made by him during the preceding month. 5. That all accounts be examined and certified by the Executive com- mittee. 6. That the account books be kept in the Smithsonian building, so that the Secretary and Executive committee may have ready access to them. The Hon. W. W. Seaton was chosen Treasurer, and signified his accept- ance of the office, but that he would receive no compensation for his services. The new system of accounts went into operation at the beginning of July last, and has been continued up to this time with satisfaction to the com- mittee. At the beginning of the institution it was not possible before knowing the developement of the plans of organization, in practical operation to adopt a classification of accounts showing the expenditure for different objects. The plan of operations is now however so far established, that a system of classification may be adopted. The Secretary has accordingly, with the assistance of the other officers of the Institution, prepared a programme of accounts, which may serve until Bu [1] the building is completed, and afterwards form the basis of a classification for all future operations. This programme which receives the approbation of the committee is as follows: PROGRAMME OF ACCOUNTS. I. BUILDING, FURNITURE AND FIXTURES, GROUNDS. I Hil. 1. Pay on contracts for building. 2. Pay of architects and superintendents, including office and inci- dentals. 3. Expenses of building committee, including clerk hire. Incidental expenses to building, VIZ ( 1.) Experiments on, and tests of, Building Materials. ( 2.) Examination of Quarries. (5. ) Miscellaneous. ( 4. ) Premiums paid Architects. ©. Furniture and Fixtures for uses in common. Do. do. Publications. Do. do. Researches. Do. do. Lectures and Apparatus. Do. do. Library. Do. do. Museum. Do. do. Gallery of Art. 6. Grounds. ENERAL EXPENSES. 1. Expenses of the Board of Regents and Committees. . 2. Lighting and Heating. 3. Postage. 4. Transportation. 5. Stationery. 6. General Printing. 7. Incidentals ceneral, including Messenger, Clerk hire, &c. 8. Salaries. PUBLICATIONS, RESEARCHES AND LECTURES. 1. Publications. (1. ) Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge. +S ) Reports on Progress of Knowledge. 3. ) Other Publications. 2. Researches. ( 1.) Meteorology. 2. ) Computations. 3. ) Investigations. os eon. 1. ) Pay of Lecturers. ( 2.) Illustrations for Lectures. Ca ) Attendance, Lighting, Advertising, &c. . Apparatus. . Salaries. Or r1] 54 IV. LipRARY, MUSEUM, AND GALLERY OF ART. 1. Library. ( 1.) Cost of Books. ( 2.) General Catalogue. . ) Copyrights. . ) Incidentals to Library, Binding, Messengers, Clerk hire, &c. ) Salaries. seum. . ) Explorations. . ) Expenses of Collections. . ) Cost of Transportation. . ) Incidentals to Museum. 5. Salaries. lery of Art. . ) Purchases. ( 2. ) Incidentals. The Secretary has also with the assistance of Professor Jewett, and Col. W. B. Randolph, of the United States Treasury Department, gone over all the accounts from the beginning of the Institution, and re-arranged them in accordance with this programme. In making this re-arrangement, and critical examination of all the accounts, they have found no errors of any magnitude, and the amount of receipts and expenditure i in this new arrange- ment perfectly agree with those presented in the general account of Mr. Seaton. In a few cases payments have been made in accordance with the spirit of the resolutions of the Board, but which fall under no special appropriation, the committee would therefore suggest that a special action of the Board be taken with reference to these. tw Rare S Ore ok eo PEO WNUR Fh OD ees GENERAL EXHIBIT OF ALL THE RECEIPTS ON ACCOUNT OF THE SMITHSONIAN FUND, AND THE DISPOSITION OF THE SAME, FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE INSTITUTION, UNTIL THE PRESENT TIME. hae 56 Dr. FUND ACCOUNT OF RECEIPTS. 1846 July 1, ToJames Smithson, net proceeds of his bequest, $515,169 00 os Interest thereon to date, paid by the United States, 242,129 00 Sept. 10, HW. W. Hilliard, Regent, over payment returned, 90) NSAGe an.! -- Ji Interest on assumed debt, Ist July to 31st Decem- ber 1846, first half year, 15,455 6? July 5, Interest on assumed debt, to Ist July 1847,second haJf year, 15,455 07 Oct. I, Interest on $250,000 Treasury notes,to 17th Au- gust, six months, 7,500 00: Nov. 26, Proceeds of ‘Treasury notes sold, viz > amount of notes, $10,000 00: Interest to day of sale, 121 67 TE) anode $ 805,830 71 1845 Jan. 1, To proceeds of Prof. Henry’s Leetures at Princeton, $8 1,000 00 GG) IBY dnterest on assumed debt, to Ist January, 1043, third half year, 15,455 00 April 1, ee on $240,000 Treasury notes to 17th Feb- ruary, 1348, six months, 7,200 90 eé 4, George M. Dallas, Chancellor. premium paid for , $7,000 ‘Treasury notes. 105 09 es uaa aLofag sjunoavan fo aurunsSord ay) YpUn aaunp.Lo9D UL pasunsLDy “QOGRT “wah ay? fo pua ay) 07 worgngrzsuy ay7 fo Suruursoqg ay? wolf sainprpuadrry ayz zjp f0 quawapn]y pnLouay) v 8d suinoyof ay. [de] 61 >. GI ESI'FreS |OF Los'ssS |e oee'GsB [ps Lep'cos oh 20'S GG LIE 00 O0OT co Il - . i 7 : . ‘op ‘sjpyuapiony O€ ELL 0€ S20 : 2 ° . ° : ; . : Sy jo Adaypey ‘ses 00 OSL 00 OSL eh: Pas © a : . . - ‘op ‘sa 00 0G (00 06 : : . . . : i ‘ oS ‘op ‘s]ejuaplouy 00 €0L (00 €0L ~ 7 ‘ i . Slo : ; . ‘op ‘uonryodsur.y Jo ysog 0G LéL (00 SPS OG Fst i ; : : . ° : ‘anasn fy ‘suonoa]}og Jo sesuadxcy 00 OST 00 OST. . : | : : : ‘ : : . * wnasn py ‘Suonusojd yof 06 GES 6 666° 86 66S 00 OSL : ° : ° . . . ‘KeAquy ‘soueypeg 96 SCGG bs GL 06L (00 O09 . 7 : . (fo2p ‘aaSuassayy ‘any ylalg ‘2 Bupuig) — Iqv] 0} sjeinepiouy 99 GEG 100 99 If : 00 ee : , : : ‘siqauAdog GG 928 |\L6 8S 16S \° s : . & . * ‘ ‘onsopmeg OQ [vieuayy ¥G G08 c FL 818° 98 G9E 66 SPS ‘ : . : : : ‘syoog Jo 1809 ‘LUV JO AYATIVS AGNV ‘WOISAW ‘AUVUAIT “AT 00 OST'T 60 000'L 00 OSL ‘ . : : 2 - ° GC . “aap ‘suoneorqng ‘saineg Gl LEG Of 8 69 SIL v0 08 : . . ° : fsaqujoo'T 10) Sunysy pue aourpusly GG CB : GG CH : i : : . : : S . ‘saunjoa'y a sujeaedde pur saone Osnif GO 9621 c0 169° 00 2% ; : : : : . . . ; ‘s11n}9a"]_ JO keg 00 OF 00 06 00 0S 00 OOT i ° i ‘ ° : ‘suOouRSSeauy OO OGL : i 00 SZg (Oe Sea . : ° . : $ ss : ‘suorRiudwoy fel 3] | 62 From the foregoing exhibit it will be seen that the funds of the Institu- tion have been carefully husbanded, are now in a good condition, and that, though the cost of the building will exceed the first estimate, yet the origi- nal plan of saving a portion of the accrued interest to increase the capitai, will, in due time be carried out. The Committee are of opinion, that an expenditure of twenty-five thou- sand dollars may be allowed from the annual income for defraying the ex- penses of the Institution, and for carrying on the several parts of the pro- gramme, during the present year, and they will hereafter introduce a resolution to that effect. Signed, A. D. BACHE, J. A. PEARCE, JOS“ Gis TOTLEN: Committee. REPORT OF THE TREASURER OF THE INSTITUTION. Up to the 3d of July, 1850, the accounts of the Institution, were kept by the Chairman of the Executive Comunittee, who also acted as Treasurer. At that time a new system of accounts was adopted, according to which they were placed under the charge of the Secretary and the Executive committee, and I was appointed Treasurer. Agreeably to this arrangement, there was deposited to my credit with Corcoran & Riggs, for the current expenditure of the Institution, sums amounting to $49,880 78, of unex- pended income of the preceding half year, as detailed and accounted for in the accompanying statements. Signed W. W. SEATON, Assistant, Jlcting as Treasurer. [The Treasurer’s statement is included in the preceding detailed account. } Now EEE REPORT OF THE BUILDING COMMITTEE. The Building committee, in compliance with their appropriate duty, pre- sent the following report of the operations, expenditures, and progress on the building, during the year 1850. At the last session of the Board, resolutions were adopted, directing a survey of the whole building, and a report on the manner and faithfulness in which the building®contract had been executed, and the best plan for finishing the remainder of the building. It was found by this examination, that the exterior of the building had been well constructed, but that in order to reduce the cost, a plan had been adopted and materials employed for the interior, not proper for a building destined to contain property too valuable to be exposed to even a re- 63. | (5 mote danger of fire, and which, especially so far as it shall consist of donations, will involve the implied condition that it shall be safely preserved. In accordance with this result, a resolution was adopted, directing the interior of the centre building to be constructed in fire- -proof, and that the time of finishing it be extended until the accumulating interest would be sufficient to meet the additional ex ‘pense. According to the decision of the Architect, who, by the terms of the original contract, is the umpire betw een the Re gents andl the contractor, the latter is entitled to the sum of $185,154 for completing the whole exterior of the building and the enue of fie wings, ranges, and towers. When this much is finished, the present contract wall terminate ; though the same contractor has agreed, should the Regents choose to acc ept his proposition, to finish the remainder of the interior in fire-proof, on the terms mentioned in the annexed report of the Architect. Agreeably to the estimates of Mr. Renwick, and the proposition of Mr. Cameron for fire-proofiing, the whole cost of the building when finished, will be $284,000; but as the preliminary expenditure for premiums to architects, and other incidental charges connected with the work are not included in this estimate, the committee think it will be safer to state the whole cost at, say in round numbers, 500,000. Since the commencement of the building, there has been expended on the grounds $3,747 51. The committee, Herat are pleased to be able to inform the oat that but little more expenditure on this account will pro- bably be necessary beyond that which is requisite for the preservation of the trees and shrubs already planted. An appropriation has been made by Congress for the general improve- ment of the public grounds, or, as they are commonly called the Mall. Mr. Downing, the well ‘known writer on Rial Architecture, at the request of the President, is now preparing a plan for converting the whole mall, including the Smithsonian grounds, into an extended landscape garden, to be traversed in different directions by gravelled walks and carriage drives, and planted with specimens, properly labelled, of all the varieties of trees and shrubs which will flourish in this ¢ sHimate. In the opinion of the committee, the adoption of a general plan for the improvement of the public grounds is an object of much importance. A small appropriation, annually expended with reference to a well digested plan, would do more in a few years to produce lasting effects, than many times the same sum, expended in accordance with the peculiar fancy of each succeeding super intendent. If the plan before mentioned be adopted, (and the committee me that it will be,) the Smithsonian lot will form a part of an extended park, of which the Smithsonian building, by its site and picturesque style of architecture, will form a prominent and most attractive feature. For the accommodation of those who attend the lectures, plank walks have been put down from the doors of the building to the east and west extremities of the Smithsonian grounds. Much difficulty is still found, however, 1 in getting access to the building during muddy walking 3 but in the opinion of the committee, it belongs to the corporation of the city of Washington or other authority to construct and keep in good condition the approaches to the building which are beyond the Smithsonian possessions. oD A foot bridge across the canal at Tenth street, would greatly in- eq 64 crease the facility of access to those whe reside in the central portion of the city. The construction of such a bridge has been proposed to the city council, and your committee hope that the objects and operations of this Institution will commend the proposition to their favorable consideration. For a minute statement of the progress made in the building, and other details connected with the subjects noticed in the foregoing remarks, the committee refer to the report of the architect hereto appended. Respectfully submitted, Signed JEEFERSON DAVIS, HENRY W. HILLIARD. WALTER LENOX. Wasuineton, January 7, 1851. To the Honorable the Building Committee of the Smithsonian Institution : GentLeMEN: By a resolution of the Honorable the Board of Regents, passed July 3, 1850, it was determined to change the plan originally adopted for the finish of the interior of the central building, which con- sisted of wooden columns and girders, and to substitute in its place a plan of fire-proofing. In accordance with the above resolution, the undersigned prepared and submitted to the honorable the committee charged with the examination of the building, four different plans for fire-proofing, and the one preferred by him was adopted. This plan may be described as follows: The foundation will consist of a series of stone piers, connected by a system of inverted arches of brick, resting on base courses of long stone and laid in cement mortar; the in- verted arches are arranged in such manner as to insure an equal pressure in -all parts of the foundation, and thus to counteract, as far as possible, any unequal settlement of the earth upon which the building rests. The first story of the building containing the library, &c., will be constructed with piers and groined arches of brick, laid in cement mortar; and the second story containing the museum, will be finished with cast iron columns and girders and a groined ceiling furred with wrought iron. The whole interior will be plastered on the above described brick and iron work, in the same manner as was specified in the original contract, so as to complete the building in harmony with the original design. Though this change in construction will add to the expense of the build- ing, it is believed that the additional cost will be repaid by the permanence of the fire-proofing and the perfeet security it will afford to the valuable collections which may hereafter be placed in this portion of the building. The above determination of the honorable the Board of Regents, also rendered it necessary that only such portions of the work embraced in the original contract for the building as would harmonize and become an inte- gral part of the fire-proofing, should be constructed by the present contractor and that the expense of the portions not necessary to effect this change should be deducted from the original contract price. It therefore became necessary to determine accurately the exact amount ¢o be paid to the contractor under the above alteration in plan, and the un- ‘lersigned, by the direction of the honorable the Building committee, made 65 E my a pro rata estimate of all the work embraced in the original contract, which estimate was based upon the original contract price. From this estimate an exact decision was then made of the amount to be paid to the present contractor for the work, which he would be required to finish in conformity with the plan of fire-proofing, which was found to be $185,154. The following 1s an estimate of the cost of completing the whole building and its accessories, on the amended plan : Amount to be paid G. Cameron, for completing portions of building embraced in original contract, and necessary in amended plan.------------------------------------- $185,154 00 Expense of fire-proofing central building, estimated at -------- 44,000 00 Plastering central building,- ------------------------------- 8,000 00 Galleries to Library and Museum, -------------------------- 2,000 00 Stairways to Oo ene eee eee eee -------- 425 00 Furniture to as 66 eee ne ee eee -- +--+ ------------- 4,700 00 Extra cartage, -----------------+------------------------- 200 00 Materials,---- ------------------------------------------ 1,000 00 Heating Central Building, --------------------------------- 3,900 00 Furnaces already put up, --------------------------------- 1,135 63 Architect, Superintendent and incidental expenses of office,- - - - - 16,500 00 Grounds, ---- ---------------------------------- 2+ ----- 4,000 00 Additional Furniture,- ------------------------------------ 4,000 00 274,614 63 Add for contingencies,- - ------------------+-+--------------- 9,385 37 Making the total amount of---------------------------- $ 284,000 00 It is the belief of the undersigned, that the above amount of $284,000 will, with proper economy, be sufficient to defray the expense of completing the building, and that when thus finished, it will, for cheapness and dura- bility be unsurpassed by any building with which I am acquainted. By a resolution, passed at the same time as the one directing the above alteration in plan, the honorable the Board of Regents also decided at the suggestion of the Hon. Jefferson Davis, ‘that the exterior of the building, ‘‘ and the interior of the towers be completed in accordance with the plan, ‘and within the time specified in the contract.”’ To carry out this decision, the operations on the building, during the last year, have principally been directed to the completion of the exterior of the building and towers. |}; It was the hope of the undersigned, that the towers would have been finished and roofed in before the winter. This expectation, has, however, not been realized, owing to the delay occasioned by the repairs in the Chesapeake and Ohio canal, which was not navigable for a period of nearly four months. The contractor was therefore wuable to convey his stone from the quarry, and very little work was done on the building during the months most favorable for working. The present condition of the building is as follows: The eastern and western wings are completed with the exception of some small items which will be left unfinished until a few weeks before the completion of the pre-- sent contract. Mis.—d. [1] 66 The central is roofed in and slated, and enclosed in such manner as to be perfectly protected from the weather. The principal front tower is carried up to a height of one hundred and twenty-two feet, and covered in temporarily for the winter. The stone and mason work of the lower central front tower is completed, and the roof is on and slated. The campanile and north east corner towers are roofed in. The central south tower is carried up to a height of forty feet. The south east and south west corner towers are carried up to the height of the cornice of the cell of the main building. The contractor states, that all the stones necessary for the completion of the building are quarried. The greater portion of them are delivered at the building, and will be cut during the present winter. During the last year portions of ‘the roads around the building have been graded and many trees and shrubs have been set out on the erounds. It isa source of satisfaction to the undersigned that the walls of the building have not as yet, shown any signs of settlement. When the various heights of the wall and towers, ranging from twenty-six to one hundred and twenty-two feet are considered, ‘this cireumstance affords a satisfactory proof that the principles adopted in the construction of the building are correct, and that the care taken in calculating the weights and pressure of the different walls has not been uselessly expended, and that the construc- tion of these most important parts of the building has been well performed. The following is a statement of the amount expended in the buildmg up to the 31st of December, 1850: Amount expended on building up to December 1, 1847, was as then stated,---------------------------------------- $25,002 67 Amount expended from December 1, 1847, to December 31, 1848, -------- wee eee ene ne eee ee eee eee eo eee eee ee 53,934 74 Amount expended from December 31, 1848, to December 51, 1849, ---------------------------------------------- 56,383 76 The amount expended on the building during the the year 1850, has been as follows: Paid G. Cameron, contractor, ------------------ $ 24,000 00 Paid Architect, Superintendent, and incidental expenses of office, --------------------------- 2,459 42 Miscellaneous, - - ---------------------+--------- i 368 05 Grounds, improvement of,--------+-------------- 1,616 46 29,945 93 Making total amount expended on building up to December BIPC49. «02 en ce eee eee eee eee ad ae $ 165,265 10 I remain, very respectfully, Your obedient servant, JAMES RENWICK, Jr., Architect Smithsonian Institution. 67 [ry NO. IV. FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. Wepnespay, January 1, 1851. The Board of Regents met this day at 12 o’clock, noon, in accordance with notice previously ¢ given. On motion, Mr. Hawley was called to the Chair. The Secretary stated that a few days would be required to make up the accounts for the year just expired, and that a quorum of the Regents was not present Whereupon, on motion, The meeting adjourned to Tuesday, 7th instant, at 10 o’clock A. M. Tuerspay, January 7, 1851. The Board of Regents met this day, at 10 o’clock A. M., according to adjournment. Present: Messrs. Bache, Davis, Fitch, Hawley, Hilliard, Lenox, Mason, Pearce, Rusk, and Totten. Mr. Hawley took the Chair, and the proceedings of the last meeting were read. The Secretary made a statement relative to the election of a Chancellor, the office being vacant by the elevation of Mr. Fillmore to the Presidency of the United States. On motion of Mr. Davis, it was Resolved, That the Board proceed to elect, by ballot, a Chancellor of the Smithsonian Institution, whose term of office shall contimue until the 4th day of March, 1855. Tellers having been appointed, the votes were counted, and the Honorable Roger B. Taney, Chief Justice of the United States, was declared unani- mously elected. The report of the Executive Committee for the year 1850, was then presented, and read by Mr. Bache. On motion, it was laid on the table, until the Treasurer’s statement could be prepared. The reading of the Secretary’s Annual Report, relative to the operations of the Institution, for the past year, was then commenced. An account was given of the several Memoirs presented during the past year, and copies of all that had been printed during the same time, were placed upon the table. The hour of adjournment having arrived, on motion, the Board adjourned to meet on Friday the 10th instant, at 10 o’clock A. M. Frmay, January 10, 1851. The Board of Regents met this day at 10 o’clock. The Honorable Roger B. Taney appeared and took the Chair, as Chan- cellor of the Smithsonian Institution. The following members were present: Messrs. Bache, Davis, Fitch, eo 68 Hawley, Hilliard, Lenox, Mason, Pearce, Rush, Totten, and Mr. Seaton, Treasurer of the Institution. The Chancellor, on taking the Chair, expressed his thanks for ths honor conferred on him by his election ; his regret that on account of the meetings of the Supreme Court, he had not previously been able to attend the ses- sions of the Board, though he hoped in future to be able to do so; also the interest he felt in the Institution, and his gratification with reference to its present condition. The proceedings of the last meeting were then read. The Building Committee presented their Annual Report, including a report from the Architect. It was on motion accepted, and ordered to form a part of the Regents’ report to Congress. In connection with the report of the Building committee, Mr. Lenox made a statement relative to a proposition for the erection of a foot bridge over the canal at Ninth or Tenth street, at the expense of the corpora- tion of the City of Washington, for facilitating the approach to the Insti- tution. He also stated that Mr. Ellet, the Engineer, had offered to superintend, free of charge, the erection of a wire bridge at the place men- tioned, and expressed his belief that a bridge could be constructed during the present year. Mr. Seaton the Treasurer, presented a report of the monies placed to his credit on account of the Institution, and the manner in which they had been expended. At the request of Mr. Seaton, and on motion of Mr. Davis, the report was referred to the Executive Committee for examination. The reading of the Secretary’s report was then proceeded with, including a statement relative to the Foreign distribution of the first volume of Smith- sonian Contributions, and the method of keeping the account of the ex- changes with foreign societies, also an account of the progress made in the operations relative ‘to Meteorology. Specimens of the Barometers, Thermometers, Rain guages and Wind vanes prepared for the Smithsonian observers, were exhibited to the Board. The Board, on motion, then adjourned to meet on Saturday next, 18th instant, at 10 o’clock A. M. SaTurpDay, January 18, 1851. The Board of Regent met this day at 10 o’clock, A. M. Present: Messrs. "Bache, Colcock, Davis, Hilliard, Pearce, and Rush. The Chancellor being absent, Mr. Pearce was called to the Chair. The proceedings of the last meeting were read. Mr. Bache, on behalf of the Executive Committee, preseuted a detailed statement of all the expenditures from the beginning of the Institution to the end of the year 1850, classified according to the programme of accounts before given. The Secretary stated, that in obedience to the instructions contained in the resolutions of the Board adopted June 1, 1850, the following petition relative to funding $150,000 of accrued interest had been drawn up for presentation to Congress ; but owing to the press of business of last session, and by the advice of the members of the Board belonging to the Senate and House of Representatives, it had not been presented up to the present time. Mr. Davis suggested that the petition be amended by inserting the words 69 [Pq ‘making in all a principal fund of $715,000,” at the close of the fourth paragr aph which was agreed to. Amended, the petition reads as follows : To the Honorable, the Senate and House of Representatives, in Congress assembled : GrentLeMEN: The Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution have directed me to transmit to your honorable body, the resolutions appended to this letter, and to solicit the passing of a law, in accordance therewith. It is known to your honorable body, that the original sum received into the United States Treasury from the Smithsonian bequest, was a little more than $515,000, and that at the time of the passage of the act incorporating the Institution, $242,000 had accrued in interest, which sum or so much of it as might be deemed necessary, the Regents were authorized to appro- priate to a building. It is also known to your honorable body, that the act of incorporation directed that provision should be made for the establish- ment of a Library and Museum, together with the erection of a building on a liberal scale to contain them. While the Regents 1 in their plan of organization obeyed these instructions, they also by virtue of the power inv ested j in them, and in conformity ith the terms of the bequest, adopted additional plans for the more immediate promotion of the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men, by means of Researches, Publications, Lectures, &c. In order however, to carry out the several parts of this more extended plan, it was found absolutely necessary that the annual income of the Institution should be increased. To accomplish this, it was resolved, instead of ex- pending at once the $242,000 on a building , carefully to husband the same and to erect the building in the course of several years, in part out of the proceeds of the sum before mentioned, and in part out of such portions of the income of the original fund as could be spared from the ordinary opera- tions of the Institution. This scheme has been effectually carried out, and the Regents now ask to be allowed to place in the Treasury of the United States along side of the original bequest, and upon the same terms, never to be expended, the sum of S150, 000 of accrued interest, and to be allowed to add to this from time to time, such other sums as may come into their possession by donation or otherwise, until it, with the sums thus added shail amount to $200,000, making in all a principal fund of a little more than $715,000. After this deposit of $150,000, the Regents will still have sufficient money on hand to finish the whole exterior of the building, and such portions of the interior in addition to those now completed, as may be wanted for several years to come, they then propose gradually to finish the remainder in such portions as may be wanted out of the annual accruing interest. The sole object of the request is the permanent inv estment and perpetual security of the accumulated fund, and when your honorable body is assured that the organization and operation of the Institution have rec ‘eived the ap- probation of the wise and good, not only in this country, but in every part of the world where literature and science are cultivated, the undersigned trusts that the request will be granted. And your petitioner will ever pray, &c. Signed JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary Of the Smithsonian Institution. [1] 70 RESOLUTIONS OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS Of the Smithsonian Institution, adopted at their meeting of June 1, 1850, and appended to the foregoing petition. Resolved, That it is expedient to enlarge the permanent fund of the Insti- tution, by the investment of such sums not exceeding $200,000 as may have been, or shall be received for accrued interest or otherwise, in addition to the principal sum of the Smithsonian bequest, augmenting the principal sum to that amount, and that application be made to Congress to receive such sums not exceeding $200,000 as may have been or shall be received for accrued interest or otherwise into the United States Treasury upon the same terms on which the original bequest has been received. Resolved, That the Secretary be requested to communicate a copy of this resolution to Congress, and to request that provision be made by law in accordance therewith. The Secretary also brought before the Board, the subject of the remain- der of the Smithsonian bequest, left as the principal of an annuity payable to Madame de la Batut, mother of the nephew of James Smithson. Mr. Rush gave an account of this annuity and stated that he had left the business in the hands of attornies, to whom he had written in 1846. A copy of this correspondence was read, and Mr. Rush was requested to commu- nicate with the above mentioned persons relative to this business. The reading of the Secretary’s report was then continued, including Professor Jewett’s report on the Library, illustrated by specimens of a new plan of stereotyping catalogues of libraries by separate titles. On motion the Board adjourned to meet on Saturday 25th instant at 10 o’clock A. M. SaturDay, January 20, 1851. The Board of Regents met this day at 10 o’clock A. M. Present: Messrs. Davis, Fitch, Lenox, Mason, Pearce, and Taney. The Chancellor occupied the Chair. The proceedings of the last meeting were read. The reading of the Secretary’s report was then continued, including the report of Professor Baird on the Museum. On motion of Mr. Davis, it was Resolved, That the thanks of the Board be presented to Mr. Alexander Culbertson for the liberal aid rendered by him in procuring specimens of Natural History for the Institution; also, to Messrs. Edward T. Denig, Ferdinand Culbertson, and the other gentlemen of the American Fur com- pany mentioned in Professor Baird’s report for similar services. The concluding portion of the Secretary’s report was then read, giving an account of the Lectures which had been delivered, and other miscellane- ous operations. The Secretary then gave an account of some experiments made with the Smithsonian apparatus by Mr. Espy during the past year, and the connection which has existed between this gentleman and the In- stitution. An appropriation has been made for several years past by Con- gress for Meteorology, out of which Mr. Espy has been paid. The appropriation was under the direction of the Secretary of the Navy who, in 1848, directed Mr. Espy to co-operate in his labors with the Smithso- nian Institution. Mr. Lenox presented a communication from Mr. Seaton recommending 71 cay the placing of a bell in one of the towers of the Smithsonian building and stating that a very valuable town clock could probably be obtained from the Treasury Department. On motion of Mr. Fitch, it was Resolved, That Mr. Lenox be appointed a committee to inquire into and report upon this proposition. The Board then adjourned to meet again at the call of the Secretary. Tuurspay, Fesruary 27, 1851. The Board of Regents met this evening at 6 o’clock in the ante-room of the Senate Chamber. Present: Messrs. Bache, Coleock, Davis, Fitch, Lenox, Mason, Pearce and Totten. In the absence of the Chancellor, Mr. Pearce was called to the Chair. The proceedings of the last meeting were read. Mr. Bache, from the Executive Committee, offered the following reso- lution which was adopted : Resolved, That during the year 1851, the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars be and is hereby appropriated to be expended under the direction of the Secretary, and with the advice of the Executive Committee for the expenses of the Institution, and to carry out the several parts of the pro- gramme of organization. On motion of Mr. Mason, it was Resolved, That the report of the Secretary and of the Executive: Com- mittee be adopted and form parts of the report of the Regents to Congress. On motion of Mr. Colecock, it was Resolved, 'That the Chancellor and Secretary be authorized to make the annual report of the Regents to Congress. A bill was presented to the Board from W. Fischer for stationery pur- chased in 1847 and 1848, on account of the Executive and Building com- mittee, prior to the present system of keeping accounts. On motion of Mr. Fitch, it was referred to the Executive Committee for examination and if found correct, for payment. The Secretary called attention to the statement in the report of the Executive Committee, that in the examination and re-arrangement of the accounts of the Institution, there had been found a few cases in which pay- ment had been made in accordance with the spirit of the resolutions of the Board, but which could be referred to no special appropriation. On motion of Mr. Fitch, it was Resolved, That these accounts be referred to the Executive Committee for examination, and if deemed correct, for approval. The Secretary informed the Board that it was necessary to publish a new edition of the programme of organization and suggested the propriety of making a few verbal alterations in the text, and in the sentence begin- ning as follows: ‘“‘ Rewards [consisting of money, medals, &c., offered for original me- moirs.”” | Of striking out the words included in brackets, which was agreed to. On motion of Mr. Mason, it was Resolved, 'That the Secretary be authorized to employ an accountant at an annual salary of two hundred dollars, and to assign his duties, and that (ai 72 there be paid to Wm. B. Randolph, two hundred dollars for the arrange- ment of the accounts to date as reported. On motion of Mr. Bache, it was Resolved, That the Secretary be authorized to appoint an agent abroad to conduct the exchanges of the Institution, with a salary not to exceed one hundred and fifty dollars per annum. Mr. Davis submitted the following resolution, which was adopted : Resolved, That the Executive Committee be requested to inquire into the expediency of providing buildings for the residences of the officers of the Institution on the Smithsonian grounds, or other convenient location, if they deem expedient to report plans and estimates for such buildings to the Board at their next meeting. Mr Lenox, to whom was referred the subject of procuring a clock and bell for the Institution, reported that the use of a clock could be obtained free of expense to the Institution, provided a bell of a large size could be arranged in connection with it, in one of the towers of the Smithsonian building; also, that he thought it probable that the corporation of the city of Washington would defray one half of the cost of such a bell, pro- vided that the Institution would pay the other. Mr. Mason then offered the following resolution, which was agreed to. Resolved, That the Secretary be authorized to purchase a bell, to be placed in one of the towers of the building to be attached to a clock, pro- vided that the purchase be made in association with the authorities of the city of Washington, and that the size and tone of the bell be approved of by the Executive Committee and the said authorities, the sum to be paid on the part of this Institution, not to exceed five hundred dollars. The plan of Mr. Downing for the improvement of the public mall, in- cluding the oo of the Smithsonian Institution was exhibited to the Board. On motion, ‘die Board then adjourned sine die. APPENDIX No. I. —_—_—_ FOREIGN DISTRIBUTION, OF VOL. I., OF SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWLEDGE. SWEDEN. Lunp — The University Library. SrockHotm — *Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien. (Royal Swedish Academy of Science.) *Vitterhets Historie och Antiquitets Akademien. Upsata — *Svenska Akademien. (Swedish Academy.) *The University Library. NORWAY. Brereen — Bergen’s Museum. CurISTIANIA — “Library of the University. 73 [1] DENMARK. Copennacen — Kongelige Nordiske Oldskrift Selskab. (Royal Society of Northern Antiquarians.) Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. (Royal Danish Society of Science.) Royal Library. RUSSIA. Dorpat — The Imperial Observatory. Moscow — Société Impériale des Naturalistes. Sr. Pererspure — *Académie Impériale des Sciences. *Imperial Public Library. Imperial Mining department. Putxowa — *The Imperial Observatory. HOLLAND. AmsterRDAM — *Hollandsche Instituut der Wetenschappen, Letterkunde en schoone Kunsten. (Holland Institute of Sciences, Litera- ture and the Fine Arts. ) Haartem — Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen. ( Holland Society of Sciences. ) Lrypen — Académie des Sciences. Rotrerpam — *Bataafsch Genootschap der praefondervindelyke Wysbe- geerte. ( Batavian Society of Experimental Philosophy. ) Urrecur — * Academia Rheno-Trajectina. Vuissincen — *(Flushing,) Zeeuwsche Genootschap der Wetenschappen. (Zealand Society of Sciences.) AUSTRIA, GERMANY AND PRUSSIA. Beruin — *Kénigliche Akademie der Wissenschaften. (Royal Academy of Sciences.) *Royal Library. Bonn — University Library. Bremen — *City Library. Brestav — *Academia Leopoldina Carolina natural coriosorum. Drespen — *Royal Public Library. Eriancen — University Library. Frankrurt am Main — Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. (Senckenberg Society.) FRemBERG — Royal Mining Academy. FRremurG — *University Library. Giessen — University Library. Harte — University Library. Hampure — Public City Library. HerietserG — University Library. Jena — *University Library. " Karusrune — *Grand Ducal Library. Kanicsperc — *University Library. Leipzig — City Library. University Library. Kénigliche Sichsische Gesellschaft. Fiirstliche Jablonowski ’sche Gesellschaft. ral 74 Marsure — Marburgische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. University Library. Municu — *Kénig]. Baierische Akademie der Wissenschaften. (Royal Ba- varian Academy of Sciences.) Royal Court and City Library. Prague — *University Library. Kénig]. Béhmische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. (Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences.) *Boéhmisches Museum. Presta — *University Library. *“Ungarische Gelehrte Gesellschaft. Sturreart — Royal Public Library. Tiinincen — *University Library. Vienna — *K. K. Akademie der Orientalischen Sprachen. *Imperial Library. “University Library. *Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften. Wiirzsure — *University Library. BELGIUM. BruxeLtites — Académie Royale des Sciences, des Belles Lettres et des Beaux Arts. Royal Observatory. Guent — University Library. Bruces — *Société des Sciences Naturelles. Lirce — Société Royale des Sciences. Louvain — * Academia Lovaniensis. FRANCE. Ancers — *Société d’ Agriculture, Sciences et Arts BorpEeaux — * Académie des Sciences, Belles Lettres et Arts. Carn — * Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres. *Société Linnéenne de Normandie. Dison — * Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres. Litte — *Société des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts. Lyon — *Société d’ Agriculture, Histoire Naturale, et Arts Utiles. MarsrEItLtE — *Académie des Sciences, Lettres et Arts. Monrretiier — *Société Archéologique. Paris — *L’Institut de France. *Société des Antiquaires. “« Asiatique. de Géographie. Géologique. Frang¢aise de Statistique Universelle. Philomatique. *¢ de l’Ecole des Chartes. *National Library. *Library of the Jardin des Plants. *L’ Institut Historique. *L” Ecole des Mines. *Société Ethnologique. *Library of the City of Paris. Srraspoure — *Société des Sciences, Agriculture et Arts. *Académie des Sciences Naturelles. * K Ke K K 15 [1] SWITZERLAND. Baste — Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Antiquarische Gesellschaft. Berne — Schweizerische Gesellschaft fiir die Gesammten Naturwissen- schaften. Geneva — Société de Physique et d’ Histoire Naturelle. NerucHaTeL — Société des sciences Naturelles. Zuricu — *Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Antiquarische Gesellschaft. ITALY. Botocna — *Instituto delle Scienze ed Arti Liberati. Caranta — *Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali. FLorence — * Accademia del Cimento. *Maghiabecchian Library. Lucca — *Reale Accademia Lucchese di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. Miran — *Imperiale Regio Instituto del Regno Lombardo-Veeto. Mopena — *Societa Italiana delle Scienze. Napites — *Reale Accademia delle Scienze, e Belle Lettere. Papua — *Accademia di Scienze, Lettere, ed Arti. Pisa — *University Library. PaLermo — *Royal Academy of Sciences. Rome — *Accademia Romana di Archeologia. *Library of the Vatican. * Accademia dei Lincel. Turin — *Accademia Reale delle Scienze. Venice — *Library of San Marco. PORTUGAL. Lisson — *Academia Real dos Sciencias. SPAIN. Maprip — *Real Academia Espanola. 6 ‘¢ de la Historia. *Academia de los Sciencias Naturales. GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. Breirasr — *Natural History and Philosophical Society. Camsriper — Cambridge Philosophical Society. *University Library. Cornwatt — *Royal Geological Society. Dustin — Dublin University Philosophical Society. Royal Irish Academy. *Library of Trinity College. Epinsure — *Royal Society. Royal Scottish Society of Arts. Royal Observatory. *Library of Faculty of Advocates. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Giascow — *University Library. Greenwicu — Royal Observatory. [aq 76 Lonpon — Royal Society. Royal Astronomical Society. Royal Asiatic Society. Royal Geographical Society. *Royal Institution. *Scciety of Antiquaries. *Society for Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Com- merce. Linnean Society. Geological Society. *Institution of Civil Engineers. *Zoological Society. Etomological Society. Statistical Society. Micrescopical Society. *Ethnological Society. British Archeological Society. *British Museum. “Library of House of Commons. “Horticultural Society. Chemical Society. Archeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. *Board of Admiralty. Lrerps — *Philosophical and Literary Society. MancuesterR — *Literary and Philosophical Society. Oxrorp — *Bodleian Library. Radcliffe Observatory. St Anprews — *Library of the University. GREECE. ATHENS — *University Library. TURKEY. Constantinople — *Library of the Sultan. AFRICA. Granp Carro — *The Egyptian Society. ASIA. ALLAHABAD — *Mission College. Batavia — *Bataviaasche Genootschap van Konsten en Wetenschappen. Bompay — *Literary Society. *Geographical Society. Cryton — * Asiatic Society. Hone Kone — * Asiatic Society of China. Mapras — Literary Society. Manitita — *Royal Economical Society of the Philippine Islands. WEST INDIES AND SOUTH AMERICA. Bocora — *Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais. Caracas — *Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais. Hapana — *Real Sociedad Economica. Rio Janerio — *Imperial Brazilian Historical Society. 77 rt] These Institutions may be summed up, as follows: Sweden,- ---------------+cr rrr rere wen e eee eee eee ---- ---------- 5 Norway,---- 9-7 sorter nn errr rrr err n erence cece ene ere n= a Denmark,------------------------------------ 22 - ee eee ee e- 3 Russia,- --- ----------- we +--+ +--+ ------------------------------ 6 Holland,----------------------------+-------------------------- 6 Austria Germany, and Prussia,-- --- ---------------------+-------- 37 Belgium,----------- wane ene eee eee ee - - -n-- +--+ - 6 France, ---------------------------------- woe eee eee -- ee eee -25 Switzerland, -------------------------------------------------- 7 Italy,---------------------------- +--+ 2-2-2 2-2 ee eee +--+ eee -16 Por tugal, we nn en en nnn en ee nn ee eee eee eee eee if Spain,. ee eee ee eee ee ee ee 3 Great Britain and Ireland,-------------------------------------- 41 Greece,-------------------------------- 2-2 ------- +--+ ee eee 1 Turkey,---------------- ---- eo eer rrr eer eee di Africa, -------- oe een nn nr ee nn ee re ne ee ee eee eee eee 1 Asia, -------- --- 92 -e enn nn ne enn ne nee nee eee ee eee eee 8 West Indies and South America,---------------------------------- 4 Total------------------------------------------ 173 The returns received in exchange from these Institutions, up to the Ist of January 1851, are as follows. Folio and quarto Volumes,----------------------------+--------- 152 Octavo Volumes, ----------- wre rece ne reer eee eee ------ ~-138 Parts of volumes and tracts in quarto and octavo,------------------ 608 Total --------------------------------+--------- 878 From some of the above mentioned Institutions, no returns have yet bi received. These will be found marked with an asterisk. From many s marked, however, an exchange is shortly expected, while from shee such as Libraries, which publish no transactions, nothing can be looked for. Even here, however, duplicate volumes, as has already happened in several instances, will occasionally be transmitted. Many of the Universi- ties on the continent have forwarded the theses of their graduates, and other miscellanea. It must also be observed, that the period at which it was found possible conveniently to transmit volume I. of Smithsonian Contributions to France, Italy, Spain, and Portugal, has been so recent as to render the reception of any returns up to the present date impossible. It may be proper to add, that suitable occasions of forwarding to some of the above mentioned societies, have not yet occurred, although shortly expected. This is the case in regard to some of the Asiatic societies, the Egyptian society of Grand Cairo, and those of the West Indies and South America. py 78 APPENDIX No II. New York, December 2, 1850. My Dear Str: The ship “ Brewster’’ has just arrived from the Pacific, bringing six monuments in addition to those which I shipped via. San Juan de Nicaragua, for the Institution, and which I have directed to be imme- diately forwarded to Washington. I shall avail myself of the opportunity afforded by my proposed visit to the Capital in January next, to number and catalogue both these and the other Central American relics which I have already sent. In the meantime, I am unable to refer to the indi- vidual figures and objects in an intelligible manner. I may nevertheless observe that the finer specimens of Aboriginal Art, which I discovered in Nicaragua, were of too large size to be removed under present circurn- stances. Should the steamers which have been sent out succeed in ascend- ing the San Juan, and entering lake Nicaragua, some of the monuments which exist on the islands in that lake, might be obtained without much difheulty, and would constitute very interesting and important features in the proposed Smithsonian collection of American antiquities. Two of the statues which I have sent to the Institution, one from the island of Zapa- tero, in lake Nicaragua, where once existed one of the most imposing aboriginal temples of the country. Here, amongst the ruins of the teocalda or high places of the former inhabitants, I found fifteen entire statues, be- sides the fragments of many others; several broken sacrificial stones, &c. I was unable to remove but two of the smallest and rudest, but I have ac- curate drawings ofall. The largest statue amongst those which I have sent you, and which is carved in black basalt, was obtained from the island of Momotombita, in lake Managua, where there seems also to have been a temple or sacred place. he figure with the sphynx like head dress is also from the same locality, whence a great number of sculptures have been taken at various times, and planted at the corners of the streets in the towns, or sent abroad. Within the recollection of persons now living, there were some twenty or thirty of these figures existing at one place on the island, arranged in the form of a square, the faces looking inward. One or two of the other statues were dug up for me by the Indians of the Pueblo of Subtiaba near Leon, having been buried for a great number of years, and the locality carefully concealed. They are somewhat mutilated, showing in their broken features, the zeal of the priests who followed in the armies of Gil Gonzalez de Avila and Cordova. A small group of these monuments exists in the depths of the forest midway between Leon and the Pacific, which is still secretly visited by the Indians, for the perform- ance of dances and other rites pertaining to their primitive religion. These monuments, but particularly those which exist in and around lake Nicaragua, and which, as works of art, are superior to those found else- where, are of high value in an archeological point of view, because they furnish conclusive collateral evidence of the truth of the statement of Oviedo, (who visited Nicaragua in 1529,) that a large part of the inhabi- tants of the country were Mexicans, i.e. of the same stock with the Aztecs and the other nations inhabiting the valley of Anahuac. I was 79 [i ey able at the first glance, to recognize in some of these statues, the re- presentations of several of the gods of the Mexican Pantheon. Amon these was Tlalocthe, God of Rain, and the second of the Aztec Triad, corresponding in his essential attributes with Vishun of the Hindu Mythology. The small figure resembling some animal cowchant was, until very recently, preserved on a remarkable rock on the side of the volcano of Omatepec, and regarded with high veneration by the Indians. It was only after many years of search that the priests were able to find and remove it. The granitic vase, distinguished by the ornaments, called grecques by Humboldt, (and which characterize the ruins at Mitla in Mexico,) was dug up near the city of Nicaragua. The spot had been a cemetery of the ancient inhabitants. Another relic of the same material, and with a like style of ornament, accompanies the vase, and was found in the same neighborhood. It seems to have been designed as a pedestal for a small Statue. I have several of the funereal vases of the ancient inhabitants, in which the bones and ashes of the dead were packed after the decomposition of the flesh or after burning. It is a singular fact that all these vases were modelled after the human skull. I will send these as soon as the drawings of them are finished. I may mention that the largest and most elaborate monuments which fell under my notice in Nicaragua, exist in the little island of Pensacola, near the base of the extinct voleano of Momobacho. ‘They weigh a num- ber of tons each, and are distinguished as being wrought from blocks of sand stone, a material which is not found on the island, nor, so far as I could learn, within many miles of it, on the main land. I shall be happy to contribute whatever monuments of the past, or relics of aboriginal art which I possess, or may hereafter collect, towards forming a National Archeological Museum, under the single stipulation that they shall have a specific place assigned them in the Institution, and that my classification when finally made, shall not be disturbed. You know that I have long cherished the plan of forming a grand collection, which should illustrate the arts of the aboriginies of every part of the continent, but more particularly of our own country. Small and detached collections, such as individuals may be able to form, can serve no good purpose in the way of comparison and mutual illustration, and are always lable to be destroyed by accident, or dispersed, and, piece by piece, irretrievably lost, and I am sure, when it comes to be known that a place has been set apart for these things in the Smithsonian Institution, most persons possessing collections would not hesitate to surrender them to augment the central stock. And if our public agents in foreign countries, our army and naval officers in frontier or foreign service, and our traders generally residing abroad, were properly informed that a collection of this kind was going on, and that the necessary cost of procuring and transmitting monuments or relics of interest would be reimbursed them ; if this were done, I feel sure that an American Archeological Museum, worthy of our age and country, would soon grow up. It is a fact not at all creditable to us, that we have no public collection of this kind worthy to be mentioned, in the United States, while some of the museums of Europe are really rich in relics of aboriginal American art. M. de Longperier, conservateur des Antiquites of the Louvre, has recently published a catalogue of American-antiquities, Elan 80 contained in that museum, extending over one hundred and thirty octavo pages, and relating to nearly a thousand specimens, some of them of great interest and value. The fact carries its own application with it. Craving your indulgence for this rambling letter, I am sir, your obedient servant, E. GEO. SQUIER. Professor JosEpH Henry, Secretary Smithsonian Institution, Washington. APPENDIX—No. III. —_———__ REPORT OF COMMISSIONERS TO EXAMINE THE PLAN FOR FORMING A GENERAL STEREOTYPE CATALOGUE OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN THE UNITED STATES: COPY OF A LETTER ADDRESSED SEVERALLY TO Hon. Epwarp Everett, of Cambridge, Cuarves Forsom, Esq., Librarian of the Boston Atheneum, Grorce Livermore, Hsq., of Boston, Josrpu G. Coeswetr, Esq., Superintendent of the Astor Library, N. York, S. F. Haven, Esq., Librarian of the American Antiquarian Society, and Rev. Epwarp E. Hate, of Worcester. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, August 16, 1850. Dear Sir: The Smithsonian Institution desirous of facilitating research in literature and science and of thus aiding in the increase and diffusion of knowledge, has resolved to form a general catalogue of the various libra- ries in the United States, and I submit to you for examination the plans proposed by Professor Jewett, Librarian of the Institution, for accom- plishing this object. First, A plan for stereotyping catalogues of libraries by separate titles in a uniform style. Second, A set of general rules to be recommended for adoption by the different libraries of the United States in the preparation of their cata- logues. Professor Jewett will present to you his plans in person, and I beg leave in behalf of the Executive Committee of the Institution to request that you will give this subject that attention which its importance demands and report : First—The practicability of the plan presented. Second—On the propriety of adopting the rules proposed. You will also confer a favor on the Institution by giving any sugges- tions with regard to the general proposition of forming a catalogue of all the libraries in this country. I remain respectfully, your obedient servant, JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution. 81 [1] REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS UPON THE GENERAL CATALOGUE. The undersigned were requested in the month of August last, by a letter from Professor Henry, written on behalf of the Executive Committee of the Smithsonian Institution, to take into consideration the subject of a Ge- neral Catalogue of the public libraries of the United States, proposed to be formed under the auspices of the said Institution, and more especially the plan proposed by Professor Jewett, Librarian of the Institution, for accom- plishing that object. Having consented to act as Commissioners for the above named purpose, the subscribers had several interviews with Professor Jewett, in the months of September and October, at which he submitted to them 1. A plan for stereotyping catalogues of libraries by separate movable titles of the books contained in them, and 2. A set of general rules to be recommended for adoption by the different public libraries in the United States, in the preparation of their cata- logues. Professor Jewett’s plan for stereotyping titles on separate plates is un- folded at considerable length, in a paper read by him, in the month of August last, at the annual meeting of the American Association for: the Advancement of Science, held at ‘New Haven. This paper was published in the Boston Traveller for the 26th of September. It is herewith sub- joined, and the undersigned request that it may be considered as a part of their report.* For a full view of the advantages, both economical and literary, anti- cipated from the adoption of Professor Jewett’s plan, the undersigned would refer to the valuable and interesting paper just named. They will allude briefly to a portion of these advantages. The most important of them, perhaps, will be the economy of time, labor, and expense, ata for the preparation of a new edition of a cata- Jogue, to include the books added since a former edition was published. On Professor Jewett’s s plan, when the catalogue of a library is published, it will be necessary to strike off only so many copies, as are needed for present use. When the additions to the library have become so conside- rable as to make another edition of the catalogue desirable, or in lieu thereof, a supplementary catalogue, (always an unsatisfactory and embar- rassing appendage,) the new titles only will be stereotyped and inserted in their proper places among the former titles, all the titles being on mo- vable plates. The pages of the new edition will thus be made up with convenience, and every book in the library will stand in its proper place in the catalogue. This process will be repeated as often as the growth of the library may make it necessary. In this way, not only will the plates used in a former edition, be availa- ble for each subsequent edition, but when the plan is fairly and extensively in operation, most of the titles of books added to any given library of * This paper is substantially re-printed in the report of the Librarian for the present year. Mis.—6. [1] 82 ; whose catalogue a new edition is required, will, in the meantime, have been cast for some other catalogue, and thus occasion no new charge for any subsequent use, as far as ‘the expense of casting the plates is concerned. The infant state and the prospective rapid increase of the public libraries in the United States, as well as the frequent founding of new hbraries, give reat interest to this feature of the plan. Another advantage of the proposed plan would be of the following na- ture: The libraries in any country, (to some extent, indeed in all coun- tries,) consist partly of the same books, Professor Hewett states, that in the catalogues of the public libraries of the United States, possessed by the Smithsonian Institution, there are embraced at least toe hundred and fifty thousand titles. He estimates, however, after a laborious comparison, that among these there will not be found more than one hundred and fifty thousand different titles. It follows, that, if the plan proposed had been applied to the publication of these catalogues, two thirds of the expense of printing them, as far as the cost of plates is concerned, would have been saved by incurring the extra expense of stereotyping the remaining third according to this plan. The economy to each particular library, in the expense of plates for its catalogue, wi Il be in proportion to the number of books which it may contain in common with any other library, whose catalogue has been already stereotyped on this plan. The title of the same book, in the same edition, will of course be cast but once, and will thenceforward serve for the catalogue of every library possessing that book, which may enter into the arrangement. A third advantage resulting from “this plan will be the facility with which a classed ¢ catalogue, either of a whole library or any department of it, might be furnished at short notice, without the expense of writing out the titles or of casting new plates, but by the simple indication of the se- lected titles, in’ the margin of a printed alphabetical catalogue. Finally, the plan of necessity, requires, that the titles of ‘the books i in the libraries, included in the arrangement, should be given on uniform princi- ples and ‘according to fixed rules } an object of no small importance to those who consult them. These and other incidental advantages, which would result from the adoption of his plan of separate stereotype plates for the titles of books in public libraries, are pointed out by Professor Jewett in the memoir above referred to, and the undersigned are of opinion that he has not overrated their importance. In propor tion as the plan is concurred in by the public institutions and individuals possessmg valuable collections of books, the preparation of a general catalogue of all the hbraries in the country be- comes practicable, accompanied by references from which it would appear in what library or libraries any particular book is contained. The undersigned became satisfied, in the course of their conferences” with Professor Jewett, that the plan in all its parts is practicable. In con- nection with the explanation of its mechanical execution, specimens of stereotype plates of separate titles, made up into pages, were submitted to them in common type metal, in electroty pe, and in a newly invented com- position, the use of which, it is thought by its inventor, wauld be at- tended with great economy in the cost of plates. The undersigned ex- amined these specimens with much gratification and interest, but they did not feel themselves competent from their limited opportunities of enquiry, nor did they regard it as falling within their province, to form an opinon 83 [1] on the comparative merits of these processes. They feel satisfied that no important mechanical difficulty is to be apprehended in carrying the plan into full effect. A majority of the undersigned devoted themselves for several successive meetings to the careful consideration of the set of rules submitted to them by Professor Jewett, for the uniform preparation of the titles of books. This is a subject which has of late received much attention from biblio- graphers, and is of great importance in the formation of the catalogues of public libraries. Professor Jewett’s rules combine the results of the ex- perience of those who have given their attention to the subject in the prin- cipal libraries of Europe, especially of the British Museum, together with the fruits of his own experience and study. These rules appeared to the undersigned to be drawn up with judgment and care. A few amendments were recommended by the undersigned, and a few additions proposed, but they are prepared to signify their approval of the system substantially as submitted to them. It is contained, as amended by the undersigned, in conference with Professor Jewett, in the paper marked B,* which they beg leave also to make a part of their report. In order that a beginning may be made in the execution of the plan, under circumstances highly favorable to its success, the undersigned take the liberty of suggesting, that it would be advisable for the Regents of the Smithsonian Institution to obtain the requisite authority to prepare a catalogue of the library of Congress on the above described plan. A cata- logue of this library is now very much wanted. Originally constructed on a defective plan, and continued by the publication of a large number of supplements, it is now almost useless; and as the library increases, it be- comes daily more so. The preparation of an alphabetieal catalogue has in this way become a matter of absolute necessity for the library itself; while it affords the best opportunity for commencing an arrangement by which the various libraries of the country will be brought into a mutually beneficial connexion with each other, on the plan proposed by Professor Jewett. The undersigned consider the permanent superintendence of this plan to be an object entirely within the province of the Smithsonian Institution. They are satisfied that it will tend both to the increase and the diffusion of knowledge, and they therefore hope that the sanction of the Regents and of Congress will be given to the undertaking. (Signed,) EDWARD EVERETT, JOSEPH G. COGSWELL. CHARLES FOLSOM, SAMUEL F. HAVEN, EDWARD E. HALE, GEORGE LIVERMORE. Boston, 26th October, 1850. * These rules, with copious explanations and examples, will soon be published in a pam- phiet form. It was found impossible to prepare them to be printed with the present report. fay 84 APPENDIX — No. IV. JOURN. “AL OF AN EXPEDITION TO THE MAUVAISES TERRES AND THE UPPER MISSOUBI IN 1850: BY THADDEUS A. CULEERTSON. [As already mentioned, Mr. Culbertson went from St. Louis to St. Josephs in a steamboat. He there, with his brother, Alexander Culbertson, Esq., took a carriage, and aceompanied by some attendants proceeded to Fort Pierre, along the eastern bank of the Missouri. His narrative, as herewith presented, commences at a point some miles below Fort Pierre. With reference to the style of the narrative it should be recollected that the facts were noted down on the spot, without any intention of publication. ] Saturday, April 27, 11 2. M.—Yesterday was an exceedingly unplea- sant day; we founda violent north wind blowing in the morning, nevertheless, as soon as breakfast was over, we were off on the cheerless prairie. We saw but little wood; the road was hilly and ponds frequent. About ten o’clock, we crossed a small stream that gave us some trouble on account of the deep mud; but cold as the day was, the Indians waded through without hesitation. About twelve o’clock we came to a place where the land was cut up into steep hills and deep ravines, the latter containing a little scrubby timber. At one o’clock we reached the spot where the In- dians had confidently expected to meet their chief, Old Eagle, who had been there hunting buffalo, but he was not to be found. The Indians ap- peared much disappointed and looked very sad. They had left a good place for hunting buffalo, and had come here where there were apparently none. There was every appearance of a violent snow-storm, but bad as our situation was, we were thankful that it was no worse; had these indica- tions overtaken us the night before, when there was not a stick of wood within miles, we might well have been filled with apprehension, but here we had wood, w ater and grass, and w ere encamped in a ravine, well shel- tered from the storm. About eight o’clock we retired to our beds i in the waggon, anticipating a cheerless day of inactivity on the morrow. We were, however, agreeably disappointed, and at about four o’clock, I was awakened by the bustle of preparation for departure. We started at half-past five o’clock, and soon crossed Choutain creek, the small stream on which we had encamped. Our course during the day, after we left the creek, was over level prairie, with no timber in sight or water to be found, though buffalo were abundant. I forgot to mention that just as we were leaving athe river A’Jacques, a very large wolf, of pure white color, a beautiful animal, came walking leisurely towards us. A. shot at it, but missed, when it scampsred off. 85 [ry Sundiy, April 28.—Yesterday, after dinner, we traveled about five hours, and then encamped on the shore of Lake Andy, a long and wide sheet of water about ten miles from the Missouri, and about sixty from the A’ Jacques. Our road was over a fine prairie land, exhibiting more grass than we had previously seen. During the day [ procured two specimens of a small plant which I had not observed before ; also three specimens of animals, viz., a prarie squirrel, a prairie dog, wat a dried salamander, which was found on the shore of the lake. The prairie dog was shot by Alexander at the first dog village that we met with. Two “others were also fired at, but they escaped. Their motions are so quick, that even when wounded, they can scarcely be caught. In the morning we started before five o clock, and had a beautiful and pleasant day, with the exception of a strong head wind. The road at first was very hilly, but became less so as we advane ed. No timber was seen except where we encamped there were some thorn bushes and a few small trees. Even this scanty vegitation supplied us with better fuel than the buffalo dung which we were obliged to use for our fire yesterday. In the morning we found the ravines filled and the distant ‘hills covered with snow. | Tuesday, April 30.—This morning we were at our camp on the Ameri- can Fork. On Sunday about sunset, we reached a good encamping ground on a small stream called Cow creek. The approach to this is over steep, irregular hills, covered with stones. Its margins are better timbered than those of any stream we have seen for several days. During the mght we were awakened by the noise of the wind and the beating of the snow against the carriage. We expected to see the ground coy ered with snow in the morning, but were agreeably surprised to find this was not the case, and that the sun was shining in an almost cloudless sky. We started at halt-past four, and traveled over a gentle rolling prairie without wood, but abounding in depressions filled with water, hin which were probably dry in summer, At about half-past nine o’clock we reached the Bute Bijoux, which we had previously seen from far off covered with snow. It isa clump of hills rising very irregularly out of the prairie, and consisting of rocks, which have the appearance at a distance, of light-colored lime- stone. At this place where we found wood, water and grass, we rested two hours, and then started for the American Fork. It was not without consi- derable hesitation that we determined to go on. The distance was eighteen miles ; our horses had no provender except dry prairie grass, and were much weakened by cold and the long journey; we were, however, so anxious to get through, that we resolved to press on. Our route lay across a wide prairie, covered with burnt grass, without wood for many miles. Though the weather was warm w then we started, it soon come. menced blowing violently from the north, and in a few hours beeame intensely cold. About four o’clock, we discovered at a distance a company of Indians, and we were soon observed by them, though they at first mistook us for a herd of buffalo. Two scouts soon reached us in full gallop, and we ac- companied them to their encampment, which consisted of several lodges. At our arrival, men, women, children, dogs and horses, all came out to Jook at us. se 86 We still continued our march; but at length night came on, and we found it would be too fatiguing to attempt to reach the Forks, and we therefore encamped under the shelter of a small hill, near a pond. No wood was to be procured, and the men were obliged to scour the country for buffalo dung, which, when it was found, w ould not burn, and we were obliged to break up two boxes for cooking our supper. Our camp was uncomfortable ; and much fatigued, I retired early to the waggon, where I slept warmly and soundly until about half- -past four, when we were up and off. We were still about twelve miles from the trading-post belongiag to Fort Pierre. Wednesday, May 1.—When I made my entry yesterday, it was with the pleasing anticipation of spending the mght at the Yanktown Trading House ; but travellers must not calculate too certainly on everything turning out as they desire. The previous part of our journey might have taught us this, and if it did not, the present lesson has impressed it on my mind. We had a fine day, a beautiful road over rolling prairie, and everything seemed to favor us. Though we were fatigued by our previous journey, we rejoiced in the prospect ‘of comfortable “quarters. We soon reached the stream, called I believe, Crow creek, but to our great disappointment, instead of a small rivulet easily crossed, we found a large volume of water far over its banks, rolling along with great velocity. We were here obliged to encamp and wait for the construction of a skin-boat with which to cross over. As we approached Crow creek, the position of the stream was indicated by steep hills, some of which indicated volcanic action, I picked up a stone which appeared as if it had been melted, and the hills were covered with such. After passing these hills, our eyes were delighted with a most pic- turesque scene. At the foot of the hill, on the opposite side of the river, were pitched about two hundred Indian lodges, exhibiting all the irregu- larity and rude appurtenances which belong to a scene in the wilderness. All that was wanting to render the picture complete, was the green dress of summer for the ground and the trees. While we were waiting for the completion of the boat, a number of Indians swam across the river, cold as it was, and something had to be cooked for them. Fortunately they were content with plain fare, which was eaten in as plain a style. It was very amusing to see the strange mixture of civilized and savage costume exhibited in the dress of some of them; one fellow particularly struck my attention—he had met us on the hill with a friendly shake of the hand and “ how do,”’ “how do.” All his garments consisted of a short shirt and a waistcoat with the usual Indian clout ; his nether limbs wore the clothes that nature had made for them—he was full of talk, and very officious, and when the mush was given out, he always assisted the helper by eating out of the pot between times. During the afternoon many more young “Indians swam across the cold rapid stream, and re- mained all day with scarcely any clothing on them. They were all anxious for horses, and two of them had the traders’ receipt for thirty robes. They of course must be supplied, and soon one of them was capering around us ona fine bay horse, which he had selected. The horse dealing was carried much after the same fashion as in the States ; all by-standers had a great deal to say and there appeared to be much good humor on all sides. During the afternoon the men from the post had been at work on ‘the 87 [1] boat — and we expected to get to the houses that night, but when the boat was completed it was a proof of the old adage — the more haste, the less speed — the boat would not answer the purpose. We therefore contented ourselves to again spend another night in our sleeping room, the wagon. Many of the Indians stayed all night ; and as I watched their counte- nances around the fire, I was struck with the fact, that the circle of faces presented the same variety as to oes intelligence, &c., as would be exhibited by an equal number of civilized men—in none did I notice the expression of ferocity. One young man in particular , attracted my notice ; he had a very intellectual expression and stood by himself with the marks of deep thought on his countenance—his appearance interested me greatly and at once suggested to me my friend C. W. H. of Princeton, but at the same moment my eye rested on a common feather, picked up probably on the prairie, stuc k in his hair for ornament, and I could not refrain from smiling at the ridiculous contrast between my intelligent young friend and the thoughtful Indian. Poor fellow! perhaps if he had an opportunity for study he would ornament his head with something more honorable than that which then pleased his fancy. Monday, May 6.—Every thing was crossed safely over the river, and by evening we were all snugly fixed | at Randell’s. The Indians had bought all our horses that were for s ale; and as they came to the houses with us, a feast was prepared for them, with which they all appeared well satisfied. A feast tor the Indians is a very simple affair—a little coffee and gammon, or mush served in the simplest style is sufficient. There were “sixty or seventy gathered on this occasion; before the food was ready they came in and went out, and sat talking , joking and passing around the pipe, just as a company of whites would spend their time while waiting for the announce- ment of dinner. When ail was prepared, two kettles were placed in the middle of the floor, and each individual was furnished with a pan of some kind to eat from, but they had no spoons or anything to answer the same purpose. A. then made quite a long speech, not however, standing up, but sitting on a bench with his hat on his head and a pipe in his mouth. One of the old men then arose, shook hands with him, resumed his seat on the floor and made quite a long and animated speech. I could not understand a word of it, but was much interested by his earnest manner. Both of the speeches were frequently interrupted by cries of ‘* how, how,” corresponding, I suppose to our “‘ hear, hear,”’ indicating approbation. One of their number then volunteered to serve the dinner. He first gave out the coffee to each his portion which was received with a ‘how,’ thank you. Then the gammon was served in the same way, and eaten forte the dishes to the great risk, as I thought, of the conewe and throat. When this was going on Randell spoke, and with great animation. [ was surprised—he is a Canadian Frenchman, and a common man but he “talked like a lawyer,’’ with great earnestness and animation. Afterwards the Indians gradually dis- persed, and we sat down to a supper of coffee, bangs (corn cakes,) and honey ; for the whites do not generally eat when they give a feast to the Budians. T could not but think how amusing it would be to my friends at home to see us enjoying this feast. We had no forks and had to use the knives we carried in out belts. In the morning we were off about half-past six o’clock, and hoped te fu] 88 reach Fort Pierre on Friday evening, but it was beyond our power. Our men had been furnished with Indian horses and we had put some other mules into the cart, giving our mules their old place in the buggy. The road was good and well marked as it is much traveled passing over rolling prairie. Timber and water were scarce. The wind blew quite violently which increased the fatigue of traveling. About two o’clock we stopped for dinner on a high hill where we found plenty of wood left by some Indi- ans. After dinner the wind made the traveling so unpleasant that we encamped early in a ravine, through which ran a small stream called the Chain of Rocks, from the fact of a ridge of rocks extending across the Missouri at its mouth. The sides of this ravine were covered with banks of snow six and ten feet deep. In the morning we made an early start with a clear sky and bright sun; the wind did not seem to be unusu- ally violent, but 1 in less than an hour it became so. About ten o’clock we reached La Chapelle creek, almost worn out with fatigue. We all agreed that of all our bad days, this had been the worst. But we found good restoratives in plenty of hot coffee and meat, and a rest of a few hours made us all again in a condition for traveling. The afternoon proved pleasant and we soon reached Medicine creek which was fordable; we passed on and about seven o’clock found a good camping ground at the foot of an island some miles below the fort. We were off before sunrise, and at seven o’clock on the, morning of Saturday, May 4, we I had the pleasure of halting opposite F ort Pierre. The boat could not come over for us at once, and so we had something to eat by way of variety, and waited, not very patiently, for it. About twelve o'clock it reached us, and as the wind was blowing, we were cordelled up about a mile, na then crossed and landed at the fort gate. The cannon and guns were fired in honor of the ‘‘ Boss,”’ and we were re- ceived with great kindness. I was glad to stop; we had been forty-five days coming from St. Louis, and our trip had been a tedious one. *yud-o} v yy 142 *pYs-RU'eYd-UIN}-O J, “IGS Ypreq“ue AA “YRys ey “yes ap BU OUIUL BAY Yeyx Eup RSs BOS) LAA 1ared vubiyp un oye yy "YRY-B-IM-15-U09 | *39M-lO-YRYL-9 AA yer-ny-yeya-yQ) “YeY OI —_— ‘soupy UeIpay sayy, “siveg? ino,y ayy, | a[sey MOAR OL SUH Pas “Og Faiparyg oy p'jJo iaAqq pue so “IDRAQ PAY OWL |All one Jo Sy1OJ t ‘purmpily AA oy, Ylucs pue yoy | Uv] AUIpayy avy, “AVA. AZT OU ‘aqua MOAD oy pasar sparg ase T, SIP orp pure ‘sSulaeg aeyirag oyy,|iaats uadeyg aq “UIA Pay 9U,T, JO sy1oy pure peayy | Jatya5oy *PALAG, OWT OQ uaz jedioung | “AUNOY [1] *SUOISTAT() ON ‘parq eq io0Ys oy, “purq anpo] pad aug, *puvq poops Wystu aug, *purqg vorjyooU Uys plo at y, *purq 1alRM pat at, “purq YeyeaO ayy, ‘wey ay) We IY] esouy, pueg Jayem pat aut, “sory saRg aq], yea yp ef vfey *purg Surva [ays au J, *sHOp OU {va Jey) DSO]. "SAlgy VY] AAALL ay |, ssparg jedioung saspo[ 09 | ‘purg apey — sotpoy 0OV | f yelLezZO [‘aaoqy 90g] | [-asoqy aeg] | *xnolg sas pol Oct \ dy surg | HO eyss-Wod-1UI saSpol OL% ‘saquyy, qua soquyy, “UONRNT ee eee eee ere ees ‘dd ANILNO) — ? NOLLYN XOOIS CHL tO MATA a = | 143 - % “5 ‘yrjooyra IO XNOIg at} 0} poipury aoensuey *MOIN aq} 0} peipury osensur'y] ‘yoUNSsIP osensur’y *J9UML ITI} 0} peipury asensue'y *youT|sIP osenoue’y ‘ISDNGUD'T oy} jo Jsva pue *LINOSSTI ayy Jo YON ‘ppoyog Woy ye “yAryD }IO Wf AAOGR SaTIU VAY A}uaAos “LINOSST AT oy} JO YuRq seo sy} UO IHRT[LA JUIULULIO “LIMOSST], OY} WO AT[RULSIIG, “STITUTE yorpg, oug jo ysom Aypedtoutrg ‘QORITIA 99}zT oY} VAOqL SO[TUL DAY “LANOSSTIAY 9T{} UO a ‘LINOSSTJA, BY} JO YUL 4S9 AA ‘aray Masa Jaquta Lot} —! apnyyry YOU svatoep Uards AYL0F yhoqe “Ylr[Q WO’ 7 ose][LA JUouVUllog *haqunoy AIWUNOD OOF, BU] TA JUGURULLIT | | anys ae ee S—=E OOD — LOD OS eee eee | spueq qay}O Jo soweu oy} wwat you prnog] | ay} Uo ape.z “TANOSSTTy pueq purry yrTemL ¢009 Cue ut) pueq vsoury oy, | Sespoy SloIqd, [IVY OCT Sli sso] PIO sso] sso0(y Ystjoo 7 SOXOW oY} fo pue SsJUvsevoY 9 SMOIG SOXO J SSo(y Suno X SSo(] Ystfoo 7 syynouLyoryg_ ad L STU oy} jo pure purq post J[PH ILL pueq JTOM MOTTE A ILL pueg LoITP[OS SOT OLE “SPU IT ——Son"—- ss 8 0( 0 i O — — Oe 00¢T ‘ouloqIUISsS¥ s]nos QOZ SaSPO] GR ‘adjua A SOLD synos OGT Sa5poT OE ‘urpuryy snog 90e‘T SISpOT 00G ‘oI BOTY "s[NOS 000°E ‘saopo'T OOS ‘guuasoy “SUOUIDAL ‘OGST ‘A ‘V ‘IMNOSSIN WHiddA AHL NO ‘SNOILLVN NVIGNI TVUGAGS JO MATA UVTNAVL “a sooyuedeasy at} 0} porpury + PIULDILIISD JOAP 4 IAIG NP 24}UI A BOL) | purg sung Moy oly, | goulstp asensuery : ArjuN09 suespatg Apoorg ayy, (suvseg poounou QUTOIUISSY JO JSoA Bue OAL your 1uop yey} ajdoog ayy, 4 -noad) ‘suespotg ayy, LMOsst]y ay} JO YZLou AyuNOD soqow Of} SUL, suvspotg y}L0 ; apisjno ay} Uo UeFT YIM saqoy aa { | | | (jnoqe) stnos 999%6 ( r pure standaqy oy | sueipuy pool, ILL | i | | ‘seBpor 008'T oog yor younSIp osensury] 200 ee iek " a ™ Slo YS oT, yoo}yoryg YNo joopULEL (HON OF) IY URoLowy a, Of) seq Ss seep Uy M IPRLT, pOOPpoeylg FLL *SyMDUWary “SspUung “Saque, J, | ( suvtpuy PIES 20.PUed. B AT[VULSIIO ) s10831(] yoo" — | x SOSIOF] JOYIIM saspo] oy, — a ATP_ ey ut xory — ar | vs-joq-diyg — wry ‘ ral D — . eth udig as, bi ae ie OL = inapes ( qnoqe ) sqnos 90e‘P J. at} fo (sueipuy 39,7 ory Ayyeutstio ) . dnog peg — ‘saBpoy 00P Mo poy — asensueyuiseq oy y, ‘MOID J9Y}950} BSO[I aSpoT yey} esoyy, — SULSSaT peg — SaSpoy SCP SHOES soi | 5 pueq 7e9 sog — :SMOT[OF Sv ‘sauo ][VUIS ZT OZUT (‘stayons-deg) ‘t1ad-yas-aurpy poplarp ate spueq OM} VAOGL dT, aged MOI) — aspnsuny| ‘hajunog _ ‘spung "SUOUID NS Bes eeecr NS! ee 7 ‘CAANILNO) —? MATA UVINGVL — “a , 145 9 | ’ SUMMARY. » * SioUX,- --- +--+ ee errr eee erence e ee ere eee ce rere eee ee eee eee 30,000 Cheyene, -- ----------- 2-22 e rrr rrr ent tern eee ener errr eee 3,000 Ariccaree,-------- +--+ cr rrr errr cere errr cere rere eee eee -- -- 1,500 Mandan,------------------------+ 7-27-02 eee errr e eee ee 150 Gros Ventres,-----------++--- +22 ere rence ere ree reer eee e eee 700 Assiniboine, -------------------+---------------------------- 4,800 0 4,800 Blackfoot,-------------------------------------- +--+ 2 eee ee 9,600 Probable number of Indians on the Upper Missouri, and tts tributaries---++-+----+--------- 2202222 294,550 Mis.—10. [1] gre 146 APPENDIX O LIBR ARYANS TR EPO Rae. —_—_—_ Copy-right Publications deposited prior to 1850. LIST of Books, Maps, Charts, Musical Compositions, §&c. delivered to the Librarian of the Smithsonian Institution, from August 10, 1846, to December 31, 1849; in compliance with the following requirement of the Act of Congress, approved August 10, 1846, establishing the Smithsonian Institution. *¢ Section 10. And be it further enacted, That the author or proprietor of any Book, Map, Chart, Musical Composition, Print, Cut or Engraving, for which a copy right shall be secured under the existing acts of Congress, or those which shall hereafter be enacted respecting copy rights, shall, within three months from the publication of said Book, Map, Chart, Musical Composition, Print, Cut, or Engraving, deliver, or cause to be delivered, one copy of the same to the Librarian of the Smithsonian Institution, and one copy to the Librarian of Congress Library, for the use of the said Libraries.” Part i= BOOKS: < JI.— MUSICAL COMPOS;TIONS. ‘ TII.— MAPS, PRINTS, &c. &c. PART I.— BOOKS. Assott (Jacob,) History of Alexander the Great, with engravings: 12mo 278p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1848 : deposited by Harper & Brothers. History of Hannibal the Carthagenian, with engravings : 12mo 295p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849 : deposited by Harper & Brothers. History of Julius Cesar, with engravings: 12mo 278p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849: depo- sited by Harper & Brothers. History of King Alfred of England, with engravings: 12mo 2705 — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849: deposited by Harver & Brothers. History of Mary Queen of Scots, with engravings: 12mo 286p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1848: deposited by Harper & Brothers. 147 | C1] Axssorr (Jacob) History of Queen Elizabeth, with engravings: 12mo 281p; New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1848: depo- sited by Harper & Brothers. ee of King Charles the First, of England, with engra- vings: 12mo 285p — New York, published by Harper & Bro- thers, 1848 : deposited by Harper & Brothers. History of Charles the Second of England, with engravings: 12mo 3804p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849 : deposited by Harper & Brothers. A Summer in Scotland, with engravings: 8vo 331p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1848: deposited by Harper & Brothers. Aspott (John S. C, ) Kings and Queens ; or Life in the Palace ; consisting of historical sketches of Josephine, Maria Louisa, Louis Phil- lippe, Ferdinand of Austria, Nicholas, Isabella Tie Leopold and Victoria: 12mo 312p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1848: deposited by Harper & Brothers. History of Maria Antoinette, with engravings: 12mo 322p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849: deposited by Harper & Brothers. Apams (Daniel, M. D.) Book Keeping; containing a lucid explanation of the common method of book keeping by single entry ; a new, Concise and common sense method of book keeping, for farmers, me- chanics, retailers and professional men, &c. &c., designed for schools and academies : Svo large, 141p — Keene, published by J. W. Prentiss & Co., 1849 : deposited by J. Homer French. Primary Arithmetic ; or Mental Operations in Num- bers; being an introduction to the revised edition of Adams’ new arithmetic, designed for schools and academies: 12mo0 180p — Keene, published by J. W. Prentiss & Co. 1848: deposited by J. Homer French. Key to Adams’s New Arithmetic, revised edition, for the use of teachers: 12mo 88p — Keene, published by J. W. Prentiss & Co., 1848: deposited by Daniel Adams. Adams’s New Arithmetic, in which the principles ot operating by numbers are analy tically explained, and synthe ti- cally applied, illustrated by copious examples; revised edit:on, designed for the use of schools and academies: 12mo 306p — Keene, published by J. W. Prentiss & Co. 1848: deposited by Daniel Adams. Apams (Mrs.) Letters of Mrs. Adams, the wife of John Adams, with an introductory memoir, by her grandson Charles Francis Adan s ; fourth edition, revised and enlarged, with an appendix, conta n- ing the letters addressed by John Adams, to his son Jchn Quincy Adams, on the study of the bible: 12mo 472p — Boston, published by Wilkins, Carter & Co., 1848: ceposi‘et by Charles Francis Adams. Avams (Rev. W., M. A) The King’s Messengers, an allegorical tale ; from the London edition, with engravings, executed by Ww. rh} 148° Howland, from original designs by Weir: 12mo 141p — New York, published by the General Protestant Episcopal Sabbath School Union, 1848: deposited by J. W. Mitchell. Apams (Rey. W., M. A.) The Old Man’s Home; with engravings, from origi- nal designs by Weir: 12mo 108p— New York, published by the General Protestant Episcopal Sabbath School Union, 1848 : deposited by J. W. Mitchell. Agassiz (Louis) and Goutp (Augustus A.) Principles of Zoélogy : touching the structure, development, distribution and natural arrange- ment of the races of animals, living and extinct, with numerous illustrations, for the use of schools and colleges ; Part I, Com- parative Physiology: 12mo 216p — Boston, published by Gould, Kendall & Lincoln, 1848: deposited by Gould, Kendal! & Lincoln. Acnes Morris, or the Herione of domestic life: 12mo 1453p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849: deposited by Harper & Brothers. ALAMANCE 3 or the great and final experiment: 8vo pamphlet 15p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers: deposited by Harper & Brothers. Aupen (Joseph, D. D.) The Dying Robin and other tales: 12mo 212p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers: deposited by Harper & Brothers. The Lawyer’s Daughter, illustrated by H. W. Hewet: 12mo 186p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1848; deposited by Harper & Brothers. _ Alice Gordon, or the uses of Orphanage ; with ten illustrations : 16mo 198p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. The Young Schoolmistress: 16mo 157p— N. Y., pub- lished by Harper & Brothers: deposited by Harper & Brothers. Auriert (Vittorio,) The Tragic Poet. The autobiography of Alfieri, born at Asti,1749, died at Florence, 1803, translated, with an original essay on the genius and times of Alfieri, by C. Edwards Lester: 12mo 269p — New York, published by Paine & Bur- gess: deposited by Paine & Burgess. Ausop (Samuel,) First lessons m Algebra, in which the elements of the science are familiarly explained: 12mo 116p — Philadelphia, published by E. C. & J. Biddle, 1849: deposited by Samuel Alsop. An elementary treatise on Algebra, in which the principles of the science are familiarly explained, and illustrated by numerous examples, designed for the use of schools: 12mo 288p — Philadelphia, published by E. C. & J. Biddle, 1846 : deposited by E. C. & J. Biddle. AMERICAN QuartERLY RecisterR [The] and Magazine, conducted by James Stryker: May, 1848, Vol 1, No 1; September, 1848, Vol 1, No 2; March, 1849, Vol2, No1; June, 1849, Vol 2, No 2; September, 1849, Vol 3, No 1; Vol 1, 8vo 608p: Vol 2, 8vo 149 [1] 607p — Philadelphia, Vol1, published by E. C. & J. Biddle, Vols 2, and 3, published by the Proprietor, 1849: depo- sited by James Stryker. AMERICAN JOURNAL [The] of the Medical Sciences, edited by Isaac Hays, M. D. published quarterly, No 24, October, 1846; No 29, pono se No 30, April, 1848: No 31, July, 1848; No 32 » October, 1548 ; No 33, January, 1849 : No 34, April, 1849; No 35, July, 1849; "No 36, October, 1849 — Philadel- phia, " published by Lea & & Blanchard : deposited by Lea & Blanchard. American’s Orrerine [ An], A Recitative Poem, on events of revolutionary times, dedicated to the American people, with historical notes and memoranda, illustrative of the truth of the poem, in five cantos: Svo 40p — Philadelphia, 1849: deposited by John M. Crosland. American Atmanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge for the year 1850: 12mo 5348p — Boston, Published by C. °C. Little & J. Brown, 1849; deposited by G. P. Sanger & F. E. Parker. Anprews (S. P.) and Boyie, (Augustus F.)) The Primary Phonotypic Reader for the use of schools and families; intended as intro- ductory exercises in analyzing spelling and reading for children and educated adults: 12mo 385p— New York, published by Andrews & Boyle, 1847; deposited by Andrews & Boyle. The Phonographic Word-book, No 1, containing all the monosyllables of the English language, inductively “arranged and classified according to the words in which they should be written in Phonography, together with rules and explanations ; designed immediately to succeed the Phonographic Class Book and the Phonographic Reader: 16mo 52p—N. York, published by Andrews & Boyle, 1849; deposited by Andrews & Boyle. The Phonographic Reader ; a complete course of inductive reading lessons in Phonography, eleventh edition; 12mo 6Up — New York, published by Andrews & Boyle, 1848 ; deposited by Andrews & Boyle. The Phonographic Reporter’s First Book; containing a complete list of words — signs used in the most contracted style of Phonographic reporting; illustrated by exercises for the use of those only who have thoroughly mastered the corres- ponding style of Phonography, as taught in the complete Pho- nographic Class Book and the Phonographic Reader: 12mo 287p: New York, published by Andrews & Boyle, 1848; de- posited by Andrews & Boyle. The complete Phonographic Class Book, containing a strictly inductive exposition of Pitman’s Phonography, adapted as a system of Phonetic short hand to the English language, especially intended as a school book and to afford the fullest instruction to those who have not the assistance of the living teacher; eleventh edition: 12mo 131p— New York, pub- lished by Andrews & Boyle, 1848; deposited by Andrews & Boyle. Lag 150 AnGELL (Joseph K.) A treatise on the law of Carriers of goods and _pas- sengers by land and by water: 8vo 791p — Boston, published by Little & Brown, 1849; deposited by J. K. Angell. Treatise on the right of property in tide waters, and in the soil and shores thereof; second edition, revised, corrected and much enlarged: 8vo 475p — Boston, published by Little & Brown, 1847; deposited by J. K. Angell. Ancett (Oliver, A. M.) Angell’s Reader, No. 1, The Child’s First book, complete in six numbers, new edition: 12mo72p—Phila., pub. by E. H. Butler & Co., 1850; deposited by E. H. Butler. Angell’s Reader, No. 2, The Child’s Second book, new edition: 12mo 1836p — Philadelphia, published by E. H. Butler & Co., 1849; deposited by E. H. Butler. Angell’s Reader, No. 3, The Child’s Third book, new edition: 12mo 206p — Philadelphia, published by E. H. Butler & Co., 1849; deposited by E. H. Butler & Co. Angell’s Reader, No. 4, The Child’s Fourth book, new edition: 12mo 252p— Philadelphia, published by E. H. Butler & Co., 1850; deposited by E. H. Butler & Co. Angell’s Fifth Reader, new edition: 12mo 296p — Philadelphia, published by E. H. Butler & Co., 1849; depo- sited by E. H. Butler. Angell’s Reader, No.6; The Select Reader, new edition: 12mo 504p — Philadelphia, published by E. H. But- ler & Co., 1849; depositedby E. H. Butler. Anrtuon (Charles, LL. D.) A system of Ancient and Medieval Geography ; 8vo (large ) 765p — New York, published by Harper & Bro- thers, 1850; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Key to Anthon’s Latin Prose Composition: 12mo 94p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849; depo- sited by Harper & Brothers. Arirumetic, Multum in Parvo: S8vo 4p. Arruur (T.S.) The Beautiful Widow: 8vo (pamphlet ), 103p — Phila- delphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1847; deposited by Carey & Hart. Debtor and Creditor, a Tale of the Times: 12mo 180p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1848; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Making Haste to be Rich, or, The Temptation and Fall: 16mo 170p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1848 ; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Retiring from Business, or, The Rich Man’s Error: 16vo 166p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1848; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Wreaths of Friendship, a gift for the young, by T. S. Ar- thur and F. C. Woodworth: 12mo 240p— New York, pub- lished by Baker & Scribner, 1849; deposited by Baker & Scribner. 151 (iq Artuur (T. 8S.) Riches have Wings, or, a Tale for the Rich and the Poor: 16mo 192p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1847 ; deposited by Baker & Scribner. AsuMEAD (Catharine Forrester) Fallings from a Lady’s Pen: 8vo 85p — Philadelphia, published by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1849; depo- sited by C. F. Ashmead. Baker (A. R.) The Catechism tested by the Bible, in two parts: part I, Doctrinal; part 2, Practical: part 1, 16mo 116p, part 2, 141p; — Boston, published by John P. Jewett, 1849; deposited by As RS ‘Baker. BaLtpwin (Rey. P. C.) The Redemption of sinners by the Free Grace of God, or, the Doctrines of unconditioned Election, Perseverance of the Saints, Assurance, Hope, Sanctification and Glorification freely discussed: 12mo 298p— published by Henry Perkins, Philadelphia, 1849. Baptist Almanac [The] and Annual Register for the year of our Lord 1850 — Thomas S. Malcom, Editor: 8vo 36p — Philadelphia American Baptist Publication Society. Barer (J. W.) Incidents in American History, compiled from the most approved authorities: 12mo 404p — New York, published by George F. Cooledge & Brother, 1847; deposited by Cooledge & Brother. Barzour (Oliver L.) Reports of cases in Law and Equity in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Vols. 1, 2,3: S8vo large, Vol. 1, 720p; Vol. 2, 723p; Vol. 3, 696p — Albany, publish- ed by Gould, Banks & Gould, 1848; deposited by Gould, Banks & Gould. Reports of cases argued and determined in the court of Chancery of the State of New York, Vols. 1 and 3: S8vo Vol. 1, 707p; Vol. 3, 702p — New York, published by Banks, Gould & Co. 1847; deposited by Banks, Gould & Co. Barnarp (Daniel D.) Discourse on the life and character of Stephen Van Rensselear: 8vo 144p — Albany. Barnes (Albert) Questions on the First Epistle to the Corinthians, de- signed for Bible classes and Sunday schools, adapted to the author’s notes on that Epistle: 16mo 163p — New York, pub- lished by Harper & Brothers, 1846; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Barr (Robert T.) Pennsylvania State Reports; Vol. 5, containing cases adjudged in the Supreme Court, during part of December term 1846, March term, and part of June term 1847, and some pre- vious cases, Vol. 6, containing cases adjudged during part of May term, July term, and part of September term 1847. Vol. 7, containing cases adjudged during part of September term and December term 1847, and: March term 1848. Vol. 8, con- taining cases adjudged during May term and part of July term 1848. Vol. 9, containing cases adjudged during part of July term, September term and part of December term 1848: S8vo [large] Vol. 5, 566p; Vol. 6, 572p; Vol. 7, 576p; Vol. 8, ful 152 5595p; Vol. 9, 553p — Philadelphia, published by T. & J. W. Johnson ; deposited by T. & J. W. Johnson. Barrett (Solomon, Jr.,) The Principles of Grammar, being a compen- dious treatise on the languages, English, Latin and Greek, founded on the immutable principle of the relation which one word sustains to another; revised edition: 12mo 204p — Al- bany, published by Joel Munsell, 1848; deposited by S. Bar- rett, Jr. Bartett (Elisha, M. D.) The History, Diagnosis and Treatment of the fevers of the United States; 8vo large, 547p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1847; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Barton (Charles) History of a suit in equity from its commencement to its termination; revised and enlarged, with forms of bills, plans, demurers and decrees, by James P. Holcombe, with an appendix containing the ordinances of Lord Bacon, Rules of practice m Equity in the Circuit court of the United States and the English Orders in Chancery: 8vo large, 279p — Cincinnati, published by Derby, Bradley & Co., 1847; deposited by Derby, Brad- ley & Co. | Bates (David) The Eolian: 12mo 210p— Philadelphia, published by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1849; deposited by Lindsay & Bla- kiston. Beck (Lewis C., M. D.) Botany of the United States north of Virginia, comprising descriptions of the flowering and fern-like plants, hitherto found in those states; second edition, revised and en- larged: 12mo 471p — New York, published by Harper & Bro- thers ;. deposited by Harper & Brothers. Adulterations of various substances used in medi- cine and the arts, with the means of detecting them: 12mo 333p — New York, published by Samuel S. & William Wood, 1846 ; deposited by Lewis C. Beck, M. D. Beecuer (Charles) The Incarnation, or, Pictures of the Virgin and her Son, with an introductory essay, by Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe; 16mo 227p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Bercurr (Edward, D. D.) Baptism, with reference to its import and modes ; 12mo 342p — New York, published by John Wiley, 1849; de- posited by Edward Beecher, D. D. Beixnap (Jeremy, D. D.) Life of Jeremy Belknap, Historian of New Hampshire, with selections from his correspondence and other writings, collected and arranged by his grand-daughter: 12mo 253p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Bex (John, M. D.) and Sroxes (William, M. D.) Lectures on the theory and practice of Physic, fourth edition, revised and enlarged, two volumes: 8vo large, Vol. 1, 784p; Vol. 2, 976p — Phi- ladelphia, published by Edward Barrington & George D. Has well, 1848; deposited by Barrington & Haswell. 153 [iy Benepicr (David) A general history of the Baptist denomination in America and other parts of the world; third thousand: 8vo [large] 970p — New York, published by Lewis, Colby & Co., 1848; deposited by Lewis, Colby & Co. BENNER (Enos) Das neue Buchstabir und Lesebuch zum Gebrauch Deutscher Volksschulen in Pennsy Ivanien und anderen Staaten : 16mo 144p — Sumneytown, printed by Samuel Diehl for Enos Benner, 1848; deposited by E. Benner. Bennett (James Arlington) The American system of Practical Book-keep- ing, twenty-eighth edition: Svo large, 160p— published by M. H. Newman, N. York, 1848 ; deposited by Sophia Bennett. Bent ey (Rensselaer) The Pictorial Reader: 12mo 239p— New York, published by G. T. Cooledge & Brother; deposited by R. Bentley. Bentz (L) Elements of Agriculture, for the use of primary and secondary schools, by L. Bentz of France and A. J. Chretien de Roville: approved and recommended by the Governmental Council of the department of the Meurthe. Translated and adapted to the use of the rural primary schools of the United States of America, by F. G. Skinner; 16mo 91p— Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1849; deposited by F. G. Skinner. Beruune (George W., D. D.) The History of a Penitent, a guide for the enquiring : 12mo 264p — Philadelphia, published by Henry Perkins, 1848; deposited by G. W. Bethune, D. D. , The British Female Poets, with biographical] and critical notices: 8vo (large) 490p — Philadelphia, pub- lished by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1848; deposited by Lindsay & Blakiston. Biety (Cantell A.) Aurifodina, or, Adventures in the Gold Region: 12mo 103p — New York: published by Baker & Scribner, , 1849; de- posited by Baker & Scribner. Biscnorr (T. L. G., D. M.) 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Currer (William) The life of Israel Putnam, Major General in the army 163 [ay of the American Revolution, compiled from the best author- ities: 12mo 385p — New York, published by G. F. Cooledge & Brother, 1847; deposited by G. F. Cooledge, 1847. The life of General Lafayette: 12mo 408p — New York, published by G. F. Cooledge & Brother, 1849; deposi- ted by George F. Cooledge & Brother. Curts (James Madison) The conquest of California and New Mexico, by the forces of the United States, in the years 1846 and 1847: with engravings, &c.: 12mo 26. 4p -— Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1847; deposited by Carey & Hart. Daruineton (William, M. D., LL. D.) Memorials of John Bartram and Humphrey Marshall, with notices of their botanical contempo- raries, with ‘instratiania. Svo large, 585p — Philadelphia, pub- hehe) by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1849; deposited by Lindsay & Blakiston. Davies (Charles, LL. D.) The Arithmetical table-book, or, the method of teaching the combinations of figures by sight ; (Gr 72p— New York, published by eas. Barnes & Co. ., 1848; deposited by C. ia: les. First lessons in Arithmetic, designed for beginners : 16mo 168p— New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 1849; deposited by C. Davies. Arithmetic, designed for academies and schools, with full illustrations of the method of canc ellation, revised edition; 12mo 360p — New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 1848; deposited by Charles Davies. Davis (Andrew feraoa) The principle of nature, her divine revelations, and a voice to mankind, by and through A. J. Davi is in three parts, third edition: Svo large ished by S.S. Lyons & William Fishbough, iS? : feaeiel by S. S. Lyons & William Fishbough. Davis (N.S., M. D.) A text book on agriculture: Svo 187p — N. York, published by Samuel S. & William Wood, 1848; deposited by N.S. Davis. Day (Thomas,) Reports of cases argued and determined in the Supreme court of errors of the State of Connecticut, in five volumes, second edition, with notes and references: Svo large, Vol. 1, 608p; Vol. 2, 737p; Vol. 3, 656p; Vol. 4, 627p; Vol. 5, 639p — New York, published by Banks, Gould & Co., 1848 : deposited by Banks, Gould & Co. Dentro (Hiram,) Re ‘ports of cases argued and determined in the Supreme Court and in the court for the correction of e rors, in the State of New York: 8vo [large] Vol. 2, 679p; Vol. 3, 644p; Vol. 4, 631p — Albany, Pahened by Gould, Bauks:é & Gould: de- posited by Gould, Banks & Gould, Vol. 2, 1847; Vol. 3, 1848; Vol. 4, 1849. Denman. — The Obstetrical Remembrancer, augmented by Michael Ryan, M. D., first American from the ninth London edition, with ad- ditions by Thomas F. Cock, M. D.: 16mo 258p— New York, f a 164 published by Samuel S. & William M. Wood, 1848 ; deposited by Samuel S. & William M. Wood. Description of Oregon and California, embracing an account of the gold regions, to which is added an appendix, containing descriptions of various kinds of gold and methods of testing its genuine- ness, with a large and accurate map of Oregon and California, compiled from the latest authorities : 18mo 76p —Philadelphia, published by Thomas Cowperthwait & Co., 1849; deposited by Thomas Cowperthwait & Co. Drvitte (F.) Theoretical and practical exposition of the diseases of the hair, by F. Deville: [pamphlet] 8vo 70p— Baltimore, pub- lished by Joseph Robinson, 1849; deposited by F. Deville. Dewey (D. M.) Rail road Hand book from Albany to Buffalo, corrected and revised by gentlemen of the rail road : 16mo 32p—Roches- ter, published by D. M. Dewey, 1849; deposited by D. M. Dewey. Dickson (Samuel M,. M. D.) The principles of the Chronothermal system of medicine, with the fallacies of the faculty, in a series of lec- tures; first American from the third London, People’s edition, with an introduction and notes, by William Turner, M. D.: 8vo 228p — New York, published by J. S. Redfield, 1845. DisturNELL (J.) A guide between Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York andBoston; tables of dist travel between Boston and Buffalo, and from New York to Montreal, two copies: 18mo 62p— 1846. Also one copy for June 1846, 79p— one for September 1846, 79p— one for January 1847, 79p — New York, published by J. Disturnell : deposited by J. Disturnell. United States Almanac and National Register for the year 1850; 16mo 100p — New York, published by J. Disturnell : deposited by J. Disturnell. The Eastern Tourist, being a guide through the States of Connecticut, Rhode Toland Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine — also, a dash into Canada: 16mo— New York, published by J. Disturnell, 1848; deposited by J. Disturnell. The Emigrant’s Guide to New Mexico, California and Oregon: 16mo 45 5p — New York, published by J. Disturnell ; deposited by J. Disturnell. Guide through the middle, northern and eastern States, with a map, for July 1847: 80p—also, one copy for June 1848, 16mo 79p— New York, published by J. Disturnell ; de- posited by J. Disturnell. Railroad, Steamboat and Telegraph book, being a guide through the middle, northern and eastern States and ‘Canada— also, giving the great lines of travel south and west, and the ocean steam packet arrangements, &c., telegraph lines and charges, &c., with a map, January 1849: 16mo 80p — New York, published by J. Disturnell; deposited by J. Disturnell. Also extra No. for May 1849 — 16mo S8p. 165 ria Dopp (James B., A. M.) An elementary and practical arithmetic: 12mo 244p — New York, published by Pratt, Woodford & Co., 1849 ; de- posited by James B. Dodd. Doccerrr (John, Jr.,) New York City Partnership Directory for 1849 and 1850: Svo 50p'— New York, published by J. Doggett ; depos- ited by J. Doggett. New York City Directory for 1849 and 1850, eighth publication : 8vo AG8p — New Yori, published by J. Doggett Jr., & Co.; deposited by J. Doggett, Jr. Donouo (Thomas, S.) Moena, and other poems : 12mo 144p — Washing- ton, published by Wilham M. Morrison, 1847; deposited by Thomas 8. Donoho. Draper (John William, M. D.) A Text Book of Natural Philosophy for the use of schools and colleges, containing the most recent dis- coveries and facts, compiled from the best authorities, by John Wilham Draper, M. D. &c., with nearly four haaered illustra- tions: 12mo 38ip— New York, Harper & Brothers publishers, 1847 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. A text book on Chemistry, with nearly three hun- dred illustrations, third edition: Svo 403; »— New York, pub- lished by Harper & Brothers, 1847 ; ee by Harper & Brothers. Davitt (Robert,) The Principles and Practice of Modern Surgery, a new American from the last and improved London edition, edited by F. W. Sargent, M. D., illustrated by one-hundred and nine- ty-three wood engravings, two copies: Svo 576p — Philadel- phia, published by Lea & Blanc hard, 1848 ; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Duane, (William, Kisq. ») A View of the Law of roads, highways, bridges and ferries in Fennsy! lvania: 8vo 1: 5G6p— Phil adelphia, published by James Kay, Jr. & Brother, 1548; deposited by James Kay, Jr. & Brother. Durr (P.) North American Accountant, embracing single and double entry book-keeping, in two parts: Svo large, 192) » — New York, published by the author, 1848; dep sosited by p. Duff. DUNGLISON (Robley, M. D.) I Medical Lexicon ; a Dictionary of Medical science, containing a concise explanation of the various sub- jects and terms, with the French and other synonyms, notices of climates and “ele brated mineral waters ; formule for various officinal and empirical preparations, &c., seventh en, care- fully revised and greatly enlarged: Svo large, 912p — Phila- delphia, published by Lea & Blanchard; deposited m9 Lea & Blanchard. Dountap (John A.) Reports of cases decided in the high court of chancery, with notes and references, to both English and American de- cisions. Vol. 18, containing Mylne & Craig’s chancery re- ports, Vol. 4 — Craig & Phillip’s Vol. Y, IN: 38, 1839, 1840, 1841 — second, third ‘and re Victoria. Vol. 29, containing Bevan’s Rolls. Reports, Vol. 7, 1843, 1844, seven and eight Victoria. Vol. 30, containing ‘Bare’ chancery repor* iy 166 4, 1844, 1845, 1846, seven, eight and nine Victoria. Vol. 20, containing Young & Collyer? s reports, Vol. 1; 8vo large — New York, published by Banks, Gould & Co., 1947 ; Wink 20 in 1849; deposited by Banks, Gould & Co. Duntop (James) The general laws of Pennsylvania from the year 1700 to April 1849, chronologically arranged, with notes and refer- ences to all the decisions of the Supreme courts of Pennsy]- vania, gly ine construction to said laws, with a copious and ate index, second edition: S8vo large — Philadlphia, published by 'T. & J. W. Johnson, 1849: deposited by T. & J. W. Johnson. Dunnine (A. G., A. M.) An ancient, classical and scriptural Geography, with a map of the countrios mentioned in the ancient, classics and sacred scriptures: 4to 36p — New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 1850; deposited by F. H. Brooks, DurivaGE (Francis A.) and inet eae (George P.) Stray subjects arrested and bound over, being the fugitive offspring of the “Old ’un” and the “ Young un,” that have been lying round loose, and are now tied up for fast keeping, illustrated by Darley 12mo 199p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1848: ; deposited by Carey & Hart. Dwicur (M. A.) Grecian and Roman Mythology, with an introductory notice by Professor ‘Taylor Lewis, and a series of illustrations in outlme : 12mo 437p— New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by George P. Putnam. Dyrme anp Carico Printine — A practical treatise on dyeing and calico printing, including the earliest inventions and improvements, by an experienced dyer, assisted by several scientific gentlemen, with engravings on steel and wood: 8vo large, 704p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1846 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Dyer (Sidney,) Voices of Nature and Thoughts in Rhyme: 8vo 156p — Louisville, published by J. V. Cowlings & G. C. Davis, 1849 ; deposited by S. Dyer. Earve (Thomas) The Systematic Speller, part first: 16mo 72p — Phila- delphia, published by T. C. Chapman, 1848; deposited by T. Earle. Eastman (Mrs. Mary) Dahcotah, or life and legends of the Sioux around Fort Snelling, with preface, prepared by Mrs. C. M. Kirkland, illustrated swith drawings by Captain Eastman: 8vo 268p — New York, published by John Wiley, 1849; deposited by J. Wiley. EpELMAN (George W.) Rules for converting sterling into currency, and currency into sterling, from par to twelve and one-half per cent., increasing by one-fourth of one per cent: 12mo 40p — Philadelphia, published by H. L. Lipman, 1849; deposited by George W. Edelman. Epmonps (Hon. J. W.) An address on the constitution and code of proce- dure: 8vo 47p — New York, 1848. * 167 [fq Epwarps (Frank S.) A campaign in New Mexico, with Colonel Doniphan, with a map of the route and table of the distances traversed : 12mo 184p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1849: deposited by Carey & Hart. Exper (W alter) The cottage gardens of America, containing practical di- rections for the culture of flowers, fruits and vegetables, the nature and improvement of soils, manures and their application, &e.: 12mo 233p — Philadelphia, published by Moss & Bro- ther, 1849; deposited by Moss & Brother. Exsor (Samuel A.) A sketch of the history of Harvard college and of its present state: 12mo 190p — Boston, oublished- by Little & Brown, 1848; deposited by S. A. Ehot. Exverr (Mrs.) Evenings at Woodlawn: 12mo 348p— New York, pub- lished by “Baker & | Scribner, 1849; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Enver (Elizabeth F.) The Women of the American ey olution, in two volumes, second edition: 12mo Vol. 1, 348p; Vol. 2, 512p— New York, published by Baker & Rate, ISIS; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Exuiorr (C. M.) Cottages and Cottage Life, containing plans for country houses, adapted to the means and wants of the people of the United States, &e. &c., with some sketches of life in this coun- try: 8vo large, 226p — Cincinnati, published by H. M- Der- by & Co., 1848; deposited by C. M. Elliott. Exuis (Benjamin, M. D.) The Medical Formulary, much improved anid extended, being a collection of prescriptions derived from the writings and practice of many of the most eminent ply siclans in Americ a and Europe, with an ap spendix containing the usual dietetic preparations and antidotes for poison, &c., eighth edi- tion, with numerous additions by S. G. Morton, M. “D.: 8vo large 272p — Philadelphia, publ ished by Lea & Blanchard, 1846 ; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. EverGreen for 1847 — A present for all seasons, embellished with ten ele- gant engravings, from designs by eminent artists: Svo large, 300p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1849; de- posited by Carey & Hart. Eyivences of natural and revealed religion; also, the doctrines and insti- tutions of Christianity, with questions for Bible classes, by the author of “ Reasons why I am a Churchman’’: 16imo 2: 24) — New York, published by the General Protestant Episcopal Sunday Sahbdl Union, 18485 deposited by James W. Mitchell. Eweut (James) The Medical Companion, or, Family Physician, treating of the diseases of the United States, with their symptoms, causes, cure and means of prevention ; Common Cases In surgery, as fractures, dislocations, &e.; the management and dice sex of women and children; a dispensatory for preparing family medicines, and a olossary explaining technical terms, to whic h are added a brief anatomy and physiology of the fan body, showing on rational principles, the cause and cure. of diseases, An essay on the art of preserving health without the aid of [uJ 168 medicine; an American Materia Medica, pomting out the vir- tues and doses of medicinal plants. Also, the nurse’s guide — the tenth edition, revised, enlarged and very considerably im- proved, embracing a treatise on hydropathy, the chronother- mal system and homeopathy — Philadelphia, published by 'Tho- mas Cowperthwait & Co., 1847; deposited by E. Kingman. Same, tenth edition — Philadelphia, published by Crissy & Markley, 1848; deposited by E. Kingman. Ewine (James) A treatise on the office and duty of a justice of the peace, sheriff, coroner, constable, executors, administrators and guar- dians, &c., with new and approved forms; fourth edition, re- vised and corrected, with additional notes, &c.: Svo large, 598p — New York, published by Banks, Gould & Co., 1848 ; deposited by Banks, Gould & Co. Faminrar DiatoGues, and other pieces in prose and poetry, calculated for Sunday school exhibitions, without denominational distinc- tion: 16mo 124p — Pottsville, published for the editor, 1848 ; deposited by the Editor. Fercuson (William, F. R. 8. E.) A system of practical surgery, third American from the last English edition, with two-hundred and seventy-four illustrations by Bagge, engraved by Gilbert : 8vo 630p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1848; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Fietp, (Rev. Chester,) Scripture illustrated by interesting facts, incidents and anecdotes, with an introduction by Rey. John Todd, D. D.: 12mo 2045p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Firip, (J. M. Esq.,) The Drama in Pokerville, the bench and bar of Jury town, and other stories, with eight illustrations, from original designs, engraved expressly for this work by F. O. C. Darley: 12mo 200p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1849; deposited by Carey & Hart. Fire (William,) System of trainmg and teaching in Penmanship, by exer- cises whose errors are extravagant, and the reverse of those into which all pupils naturally fall, &c.: Philadelphia, 1847 ; deposited by Wilham Fife. Fisuer (Richard 8., M. D.) The Book of the World, being an account of all republics, empires, kingdoms and nations, in reference to their geography, statistics, commerce, &c., in two volumes, illustrated by charts and maps: 8vo large, Vol. 1, 614p; Vol. 2, 705p — New York, published by J. H. Colton, 1849 ; deposited by J. H. Colton. Fircu (George W.) The Youth’s Mapping Book, being an introduction to Fitch’s Chronography, containing maps of New York, New Hampshire, Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Pennsylvania and New Jersey — Brooklyn, published by A. M. Wilder, & Co., 1849; deposited by A. M. Wilder & George W. Fitch, 1849. Chorography, designed for learners in geography, being a collection of plates prepared for delineating maps: 4to 169 [ wy 20p— Brooklyn, published by A. M. Wilder & Co., 1848 ; deposited by A. M. Wilder. Five months in the New York State Lunatic Asylum: 16mo 63p — Buf- falo, 184 Y), FLoaerne in the Navy, an essay on, containing strictures upon existing naval laws, and suggesting substitutes for the discipline of the lash: 8vo iarge, 33p — New York, published by Pudney & Russel], 1849 ; deposited by Kettell & Moore. Forcer, (Robert M.) Exchange tables of British steriing, showing the value in the United States currenc y, of one fenny to ten ‘thou- sand pounds, from par to twelve ‘and seven-eighths per cent premium, by eighths per cent progressively: Svo large, 5Ip— New York, publ eee by Edward O. Jenkins, 1848 ; “deposited by Robert M. Folger. Exchange tables of British Sterling, showing the value in United States currenc y, of one penny to ten thousand pounds, and in English currency, of one cent to twelve thou- sand dollars, from par to twelve and seven-eights per cent, premium by eights per cent, progressively : Svo [large } New York, published by the author, 1849 ; deposited by R. M. Folger. oorEe (Rev. William Henry) Sketches of North Carolina, historical and biographical, illustrative of the principles of a portion of her early settlers: Svo large, 557p—- New ee published by Robert Carter, 1846; deposited by Robert Caner Forp (Captain Edward) The Dich of Baden, a tale of the French re- volution, with a history of the fall of the marquis Louis de Beauharnais and the flight and perils of his family in France, Spam, St. Domingo and Philadelphia: Svo 110p— Philadel- phia, published by Carey & Hart, 1549; fesse by Carey & Hart. Fowxe (William B.) An elementary geography, being also a key to the new series of outline maps; 240 79p — ‘Boston, published by William B. Fowle, 1849 ; deposited by W. B. Fowle. Franxuin (A. W.) American cottage library, or, useful facts, figures and hints for everybody, containing a general view of the world, statistics of the United States, “Ke. 12mo 190p — New York, published by Burgess, Stringer & Co.; deposited by Burgess, Stringer & Co. FRANKLIN (Benjamin) Poor Richard’s Almanac for 1850, as written by B. Franklin for the years 1733, 1734, 1785; the astronomical calculations by Professor Benjamin "Peirce, of Harvard Uni- versity, and adapted to Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Bal- timore, Washington, Charleston and New Orleans, to which is added the commencement of the life of the great philosopher written by himself, annual illustrated edition: 12mo 60p -— New York, published by John Doggett, Jr., 1849; deposited by J. Doggett, Jr. Franky (Benjamin,) His autobiography, with a narrative of his public life and services, by Rey. H. Hastings Weld, with numerous iy 170 designs, by J. G. Chapman: 8vo 549p — New York, published by Harper r & Brothers, 1848 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. French GENDERS, In six mnemonic tables, by which the genders of all ihe French nouns, upwards of 15, 540, may be fixed in the memory with certainty in a few days: lene 79p — New York, published by J. S. Redfield, 1848 ; deposited by James Corley. Frencu (B. F.) Historical collections of Louisiana, embracing many rare and and valuable documents relating to “He national, civil and political history of that State, compiled with historical and biographical notes, and an introduction; Part 1, historical documents from 1678 to 1691: S8vo large, 229n — New York, published by Wiley & Putnam, 1846; Peppsited by B. ie. Bronce Frienpsuip’s Orrerine, a Christmas, New Year’s, and Birth-day pres- ent, for 1850: 12mo 3380p — Boston, published by Phillips Sampson & Co., 1850; deposited by E. H. Butler. ; A Ghicinay New Year and Birth-day present for 1849 : 520p — Boston, published by Phillips & Sampson, 1849; deposited by E. H. Butler. Frost (John, LL. D.) Beauties of French History, compiled from the best authors : 16mo 252p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1846; deposited by Harper & Brothers. The American Generals, from the founding of the ce to the present time, and embracing a complete mili- tary history of the country, cillfueena ted with six hundred and forty engravings: 8vo large, 912p — Philadelphia, published by J. Ww. Bradley, 1848 ; deposited by J. Frost. Beauties of English history: 16mo 2452p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1846; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Pictorial Ancient History of the World, from the earliest ages to the death of Constantine the Girdats Svo large, 368p — Philadelphia, published by Walker & Gillis, 18d6; deposited by J. Frost. Pictorial history of the middle ages, from the death of Constantine the Great, to the discovery Ter Wimeric a by Co- lumbus: 8vo large, 366p — Philadelphia, published by Charles J. Gillis, 1846; deposited by J. Frost. Pictorial history of Mexico and the Mexican war, embellished by five hundred engravings: 8vo large, 6420p — Philadelphia, published by Thomas “Cowperthwait &: ‘Co., 1849; deposited by Thomas Cowperthwait & Co. Pictorial life of George Washington, embracing a complete history of the seven years war: the formation of the Federal Constitution, and the administration of Washington, embellished by more than one-hundred engravings: 8vo large, 58p — Philadelphia, published by Charles J. Gillis, 1847 ; de- posited by L. Johnson. Pictorial Life of Andrew Jackson, embellished by 171 Fwy numerous engravings: Svo large, 512p— Hartford, published by Belknap & Hamersly, 1847: deposited by J. Frost. Frost (John, LL. D.) Thrillmg adventures among the Indians, comprising the most remarkable personal narratives of events in the early Indian wars, &c., as well as of incidents in the recent Indian hostilities in Mexico and Texas, illustrated with numerous en- gravings : Svo 848p — Philadelphia, published by J. W. Brad- ley, 1819 : deposited by J. Frost. Thrilling incidents of the wars of the United States, with three-hundred engravings ; Svo large, 600p — Phila delphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1848; de ‘posited by Caer & Hart. Fry (J. Reese,) A life of General Zachary Taylor, comprising a narrative of events connected with his professional career, derived from public documents and private correspondence, with an original and accurate portrait and eleven elegant illustrations of the battles of Fort Harrison, Okee-cho- bee, Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey, Buena Vista, &c.: 12mo 3382p — Phila- delphia, published by Grige, Elliott & Co., 1847; deposited by Grigg, Ellott & Co. Fuiton (Levi S.) and Eastman (George W.) A practical system of book- keeping by single entry, containing three different forms of books ; desioned respectively for the fa irmer, mechanic and merchant , to which is added a variety of useful forms, viz : — neue ills, drafts, receipts, etc., etc., etc., second edition : 12mo 232p— New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co, 1848 ; deposited by A. S. Barnes & Co. Furser (George C.) Camp stories, or incidents in the life of a soldier, designed to give eontect ideas of a soldier’s life: 8vo S6p — Cinci innati, published by J. A. & U. P. James, 1849; deposited by J.A. & U. P. James. History of Mexico, continued from the capture of Vera Cruz to the termination of the war with the United States, containmg the full treaty of peace, &c., &c., being a continuation of Young’ s History of Mexico: 8vo — Cinc innati, published by J. A. & "U. P. James, 1848; deposited by J. A. & U. P. James. The twelve months volunteer, or, journal of a pri- vate in the Tennessee regiment of cavalry in the ¢ campaign in Mexico, 1846-47, including a complete history of the war with Mexico, embellished by correct engravings fe drawings by the author: 8yvo large, 624p — Cincinnati, published by Th, A. & U. P. James, 1848 ; Ha osited by George C. Furber. Gatiavuper (T. H.) and Hooker (Horace) The School and Family Dic- tionary and Illustrative Definer; 16mo 221p— New oe published by Pratt, Woodford & Co., 1847; deposited by T. H. Gallaudet and Horace Hooker. Gatr (John M., M. D.) The treatment of insanity : 8vo large, 578p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1816; deposited by Harper & Brothers. r1] 172. GARDNER (D. Pereira, M. D.) A new Medical Dictionary, contaming an explanation of the terms in anatomy, human and comparative, physiolog y> practice of medicine, obstetrics, surgery, thera- bee materia medica, pharmacy, chemistry, botany, natural philosophy, with the formulas of the principal pharmacopeias and valuable practical articles on the treatment of diseases ; on the basis of Hooper & Grant, adapted to the present state of science, and for the use of medical students and the profession : Svo large, 685p — New York, published by Harper & Bro- thers, 1847: deposited by Harper & Brothers. Medical chemistry for the use of students and the profession ; being a manual of the science, with its ap- plication to toxicology, phy siology, therapeutics, hyg giene, &c., by D. P. Gardner, M. D.: 12mo 396p — Philadelphia, pub- lished by Lea & Blanchard, 1848; deposited by Lea & Blan- chard. Guost Stories — Collected with a particular view to counteract the vul- gar beliefin ghosts and apparitions, with ten engravings: 16mo 192 2p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1846 ; de- posited by Carey & Hart. Gugson (William M. D.) Institutes and practice of surgery, being outlines of a course of lectures, eighth edition, improved and “enlarged, two volumes: 8vo, Nol: = d03p; Vol. 2, 478p — Philadel- phia, published by James Kay, Jr., & Brother, 1850: deposi- ted by William Gibson. GILMAN (Char! es,) Reports of cases argued and determined in the Supreme Court of the State of Illinois: 8vo large, [ three volumes—2, 3 and-4 only received,| Vol. 2, 179p; Vol. 3, ZED) Vol. 4, 637p — Quincy, published by Newton Flagg, Vol. 2, in 1847, and Vols. 3 and 4, in 1848; deposited by Ghaules Gilman. Gitpin (Thomas) Exiles m Virginia, with observations on the conduct of the society of Friends during the revolutionary war, compri- sing the official papers of the : government relating to that peri- od, 1777-1778: 8vo large, "302 p— Philadelphia, published in 1848; deposited by Thomas Gilpin. Girarp (J. P. L.) An elementary practical book for learning to speak and write the Spanish language, from the method of Dr. J. H. P. Seidenstuecker, dedicated to the use of his pupils and others : Svo 128p — New York, published by Collins & Brother, 1848; deposited by Collins & Brother. GirarD (Stephen) Will of Stephen Girard, and a short biography: 8vo o2p — Philadelphia, 1548. Girautt (A. N.) The French student’s manual, or, colloquial and gram- matical exercises, intended to impart to the student both a theoretical and practical knowledge of the French language, fourth edition, carefully revised and much enlarged: 12mo 480p — Philadelphia, published by Henry Perkins, 1848; de- posited by Henry Perkins. Goupsgury (John) The Black-board — Exercises and illustrations on .the black-board, designed for the use of common schools; 12mo 173 [ ua 144p — Keene, published by George Tilden, 1847; deposited by J. Goldsbury. Gotpsmitu (Oliver) Pinnock’s improved edition of Dr. Goldsmith’s history of Rome, illustrated with numerous engravings, by William ce, Taylor, LL. D., thirty-fifth American from “the twenty-third English edition: 8vo 399p — Philadelphia, published by Tho- mas Cowperthwait & Co., 1848; deposited by Thomas Cow- perthwait & Co. Pinnock’s improved edition of Dr. Goldsmith’s his- tory of Greece, for the use of schools, illustrated with nume- rous engravings, by William C. Taylor, LL. D., thirty-fifth American from the nineteenth English edition : 12 mo 380p — Philadelphia, published by Thomas Cowperthwait Co.; depo- sited by Thomas Cowperthwait & Co. Pinnock’s improved edition of Dr. Goldsmith’s his- tory of England, from the invasion of Julius Caesar, to the death of George III, with a continuation to the year 1845, illustrated sa numerous engravings, by Wilham C. Taylor, LL. D., fifty-fifth American from the thirty-fifth English edi- tion ; 8vo 476p — Philadelphia, published by Thomas Cow- perthwait & Co., 1848; deposited by Thomas Cowperthwait & Co. Goopricu (Samuel G.) Peter Parley’s common school history, illustrated by engravings, new edition. revised and brought down to the present time: 12mo 3809p — Philadelphia, published by Ei Butler & Co., 1849; deposited by E. H. Butler & Co Parley’s third book of history, containing ancient history in connection with ancient geography, improved eci- tion: 12mo 189p— Boston, published by wane , Palmer & Co.., 1850; deposited by Charles Hendee. Common school history, illustrated by engravings, new edition, revised and brought down to the present time, bs Peter Parley : 12mo 309p — Philadelphia, published by E. H. Butler & Co, ., 1849; deposited by E. H. Butler & Co. Bereys first book of history, with sixty-eight en- ravings and sixteen maps, fourth revised edition, enlarged and improved: 12mo 240p — Boston, published by Jerks. “Palmer : & Co., 1849; deposited by Charles J. Hendee. Gove (Mary S.) Lectures to women on anatomy and physiology, with an appendix on water cure: 12mo 5061p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1846 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. GrauaM (David) A treatise on the practice of the Supreme Court of the State of New York, third edition, revised, corrected and en- Jarged, in two volumes: 8vo large, 7835p — New York, pub- lished by Banks, Gould EC. ie 1847 : deposited by Banks, Gould, & Co. Granam (George R,) Graham’s American Monthly Magazine, for Novem- ber, 1846: Svo large, Philadelphia, published by George R. Graham ; deposited by J. Fennimore Cooper. {aj 174 Grattan (Peachy R.) Reports of cases decided in the Supreme Court of Appeals and in the general court of Virgima: Vol. 2, from April 1, 1845, to April 1, 1846: 8vo large, Vol. 2, 664p — Richmond, published by Shepherd & Colin, 1846 ; deposited by State of Virginia, [| Vol 2, only, received. | Graves (Robert James, M. D.) A system of clinical medicine, with notes and a series of lectures, by W. W. Gerhard, M. D., third American edition: S8vo large, 751p— Philadelphia, published by Edward Barrington & George D. Haswell, 1848 ; deposited by Barrmgton & Haswell. Gray (James, D. D.) A dissertation on the coincidence between the priest- hoods of Jesus Christ and Melchisedec, in three parts, in which the passages of scripture relating to that subject im the XIV Chapter of Genesis, the XC Psalm, theV, VI, VII Chapters of the Epistle to the Hebrews, are explained, together with a sketch of the life of Jesus Christ : 12mo 158p — Hagerstown, published by William Stewart, 1845; deposited by William Stewart. Green, (Horace, A. M., M. D.) Observations on the pathology of the croup, with remarks on its treatment by topical medications: 12mo 115p — New York, published by John Wiley, 1849; deposi- ted by Horace Green. Greene (Samuel S., A. M.) First Lessons in grammar, based upon the con- struction and analysis of sentences, designed as an introduction to the “‘ Analysis of Sentences’: 16mo 171p — Philadelphia, published by Thomas Cowperthwait & Co, 1848; deposited by Samuel S. Greene. Analysis, a treatise on the structure of the English language, or the analysis and classification of sen- tences and their component parts, with illustrations and exer- cises adapted to the use of schools: 12mo 258p— Philadel- phia, published by Thomas Cowperthwait & Co, 1848; de- posited by Samuel S. Green. Gairritn (R. Eglesfield,) Medical botany, or descriptions of the more im- portant plants used in medicine, with their history, properties and modes of administration, with upwards of three-hundred illustrations; S8vo large — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1847: deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Grime (Frederick) Considerations upon the nature and tendency of free institutions: 8vo large, 544p — Cincinnati, published by H. W. Derby & Co.: deposited by F. Grimké Gaimsiaw (William,) An etymological dictionary of the English language, containing the radicals and definitions of words derived from the Greek, Latin and French languages, and al] the generally used technical and polite phrases adopted from the French and Latin, &c., &c., third edition, carefully revised and enlarged : 12mo 280p— Philadelphia, published by Grigg, Elhott & Co., 1848; deposited by W. Grimshaw. ; Incidents recalled: 8vo 84p — Philadelphia, 1848. 7 175 faq Grimsuaw (William) Questions on the History of England: 12mo Sip — Philadelphia, 1841. History of the United States, from their first set~ tlement as colonies to the period of the sixth census in 1840: 12mo 3836p — Philadelphia, published by Grigg, Elliot & Co., 1847 ; deposited by William Grimshaw. Questions on the History of the United States: 12mo 91p — Philadelphia, 1847. History of the United States from their first settle- ment as colonies to the peace with Mexico in 1848: 12mo 37 1p — Philadelphia, published by Grigg, Elliot & Co., 1849 ; deposited by William Grimshaw. GriswoLp (Rufus Wilmot,) The prose writers of America, with a survey of the history, condition and prospects of American literature, illustrated with portraits from original pictures: 8vo large, 0592p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 18473; de- posited by Carey & Hart. The female poets of America: Svo 400p — Phila- delphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1849; deposited by Carey & Hart. Grover (Thomas D.,) Will of, with a short sketch of his life: Svo 2383p — Southwark, 1849. GuENon (Francis M.) A treatise on milch cows, whereby the quality and quantity of milk which any cow will give may be accurately determined by observing natural marks or external indications alone, the length of time she will continue to give milk, &c. Fransiated for the Farmer’s Library, from the ”Frenc th, by N P. Trist, Esq., with introductory remarks on the cow and the dairy, by John S. Skinner, illustrated by numerous engravings: Svo 32p — New York, published by Greely & M’ Elrath ; de» posited by Greely & M’Elrath, Hackiey (Charles W., S. T. D.,) Elementary course of Geometry, for the use of schools and_ colleges: 12mo 103p — New York, pub- lished by Harper & Brothers » 1849; deposited by Harper & Brothers. A treatise on Algebra, containing the latest improvements, adapted to the use of schools and. col- leges: S8vo large, 503p — New York, published by Harper & “Brothers, 1846 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. School Algebra, containing the latest improvements; 8vo large, 226p — New V On “published by Harper & Brothers, 1849; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Hare (David,) Memoirs of, with selections from his miscellaneous writings, by Joseph P. Thompson : 12mo 520p — New York, published by John Wiley, 1850; deposited by J. P. Thompson. Hare (Salma,) Premium history, of the United States, from their first settlement as colonies to the close of Mr. "Tyler? Ss adminis- tration in 1845, to which are added Bue uene adapted to the use of schools, new edition, with maps: 12mo 3826p — Coopers- [ & Fj 176 . town, published by H. & E. Phinny, 1846; deposited by Salma Hale. Hate (Sarah Josepha) Three Hours, or, The Vigil of Love, and other poems: 12mo 216p—Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1848; deposited by S. J. Hale. The Poet’s offering for 1850: Svo large, 576p — Philadelphia, published by Grigg, Elliot & Co., 1850; depo- sited by Grigg, Elliot & Co. Haut (Arethusa) Manual of morals for common schools, adapted also to the use of families: 12mo 212p— Boston, published by J. P. Jewett, 1849; deposited by Wiliam H. Wardwell. WIatu (Rev. Baynard R., A.M.) Teaching, a science — the teacher an artist: Svo 3805p — New York, published by Baker & Scrib- ner 1848; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Hau (James) The West; its soil, surface and productions: 12mo 260p — Cincinnati, published by Derby, Bradley & Co., 1848; depo- sited by James Hall. Hatt (Mrs. James) Phantasia, and other Poems: 8vo 144p— New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by George P. Putnam. Hamirton (G.) Elements of vegetable and animal physiology, in two parts, edited by D. M. Reese, M. D,. LL. D., [See Chamber’s educa- tional course.|_ 12mo 144p — New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 1849; deposited by A.S. Barnes & Co. Hammonp (Jabez D.) Life and times of Silas Wright, late Governor of New York: 8vo large, 749p — Syracuse, published by Hall & Dickson, 1848; New York, A. S. Barnes & Co., 1848; de- posited by Hall & Dickson. Hare (J. J. Clark) and Watuace (H. B.) Select decisions of American courts in several departments of law, with special reference to mercantile law, with notes by J. J. Clark Hare & H. B. Wal- lace, two volumes: 8vo large, Vol. 1, 569p; Vol. 2, 579p — Philadelphia, published by T. & J. W. Johnson, Vol. 1, in 1847; Vol. 2, in 1848; deposited by T. & J. W. Johnson. Hare (Thomas,) Reports of cases adjudged in the higher courts of chan- cery, before the Right Honorable Sir James Wigram, Kt. Vice Chancellor, [See Dunlap]: S8vo large, 666p— New York, published by Banks, Gould, & Co., 1847; deposited by Banks, Gould & Co. Harrison (W. B.) Museum comic songster, being a choice collection of rare and original songs: 16mo 70p — Philadelphia, published by W. B, Harrison, 1849; deposited by William B. Harrison. Harris (Chapin A., M. D. DD. 8.) A dictionary of dental science, biogra- phy and medical terminology: Svo 7830p — Philadelphia, pub- lished by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1849; deposited by Lindsay & Blakiston. Harrison (Robert, M. D.) A text book of practical anatomy, with addi- : tions by an American physician, with numerous illustrations : Svo large, 720p — New York, published by 8S. S. & W. Wood, 1848; deposited by S. S. & W. Wood. 177 [vq Hart, (Joseph C.) The romance of Yachting, voyage the first : 12mo 332} —— New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1848 ; dees ited by Harper & Brothers. Hastines (John, M. D.) The practice of Surgery, embracing minor surgery and the application of dressings, &c., with numerous illustra- trations : Svo 479p — Philadelphia, published by Lindsay & Blakiston ; deposited by Lindsay & Blakiston. Lectures on Yellow Fever, its causes, pathology and treatment, by John Hastings, M. D.: Svo 69p — Philadel- phia, published by Lindsay & “Blakiston ; deposited by John Hastings. Haswett (Charles H.) Engineer’s and Mechanic’s pocket book, containing United States and foreign weights and measures, Ke. , &ce., fifth edition: 16mo 296p — ‘New York, published by Harper & Bro- thers, 1848; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Hawker (Lieutenant Colonel P.) Instructions to young sportsmen, in all that relates to guns and shooting; first American from the ninth London edition ; to which is added the hunting and shooting of America, with descriptions of the animals and birds, by Wm. fl Porter, Esq., with illustrations; 8vo 459p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1846; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Haypren (Chester) A practical analytical digest of the Code of Proeedure of the state of New York, embracing entire every section of the code in an alphabetic al arrangement of its contents as ap- plicable to actual practice ; with ‘suggestions and remarks, and an appendix, containing the act supplementary to the code, &c., together with a collection. of practical forms adapted to the new practice: 8vo large, 428p— Albany, published by W. C. Little & Co.; ; deposited by Chester Hayden. Herapiry (J. T.) The ae ‘k, or, Life in the Woods: 8vo 288p New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1849; deposited by J. T. Headley. Absalom: published in the New York Observer, May 12, 1849; deposited by J. T. Headley. The Chariot of Fire: published in the New York Ob- server, April 14, 1849; deposited by J. T. Headley. Letters from Italy, new and revised edition: 12mo 2245p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1848 ; deposi- ted by Baker & Scribner. The Alps and the Rhine, a series of sketches; new and revised edition: 12mo 138p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1848 ; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Life of Oliver Cromwell: 12mo 446p— New York, pub- lished by Baker &. Scribner, 1848; deposited by Baker & Scribner. The Sacred Mountains, illustrated: 12mo 175p— New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1847; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Mis—12. rity 178 Washington and his Generals: 12mo Vol. 1, 8348p; Vol. 2, 3872p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner ; depos- ited by Baker & Scribner. Heim (Rey. James, A. M.) Memoir of Martha Thompson Sharp: 16mo 198p — Philadelphia, published by Daniels & Smith, 1849 ; deposited by Rev. James Helm, A. M. Henry (Capt. W.S., U.S. A.) Campaign sketches of the war with Mex- ico, with engravings: 12mo 331p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Hensuaw (J. Sidney) A manual for United States Consuls, embracing their rights, duties, liabilities and emoluments, the laws and judicial decisions governing them, &c., &c., &c.: 16mo 252p — New York, published by J. C. Riker, 1849; deposited by J. S. Henshaw. Hrrgert, Ellen, or Family Changes, with six illustrations: 16mo 206p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Hicxry (W.) Constitution of the United States of America, the proximate causes of its adoption and ratification, the Declaration of Inde- pendence, the prominent political acts of George Washington ; with an alphabetical analysis of the Constitution, by a citizen: 12mo 225p-- Washington, printed by G. S. Gideon, 1846; deposited by the author. Same, Second edition, Philadelphia, published by T. K. & P. G. Collins, 1847, two copies ; deposited by W. Hickey. Hitpreru (Richard,) The history of the United States of America, from the discovery of the continent to the organization of the goy- ernment under the federal constitution, in three volumes, Vol. 1, 570p; Vol. 2, 579; Vol. 3, 592p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Hin (Nicholas, Jr.) Reports of cases argued and determined in the Su- preme court, and in the court for the correction of errors of the State of New York: Vol. 7, 8vo large, 632p — Albany, published by Gould, Banks & Gould, 1847 ; deposited by Gould, Banks & Gould. Hinns (John) Farriery and Stud book, new edition; farriery taught on a new and easy plan, being a treatise on the diseases and acci- dents of the horse, with instructions to the shoeing-smith, farrier and groom; with considerable additions and improve- ments, particularly adapted to this country, by Thomas M. Smith, with a supplement comprismg an essay on domestic — animals, especially the horse, together with trotting and racing tables, &c., &e., by J. S. Skinner: 12mo 124p — Philadelphia, published by Grigg, Elhot & Co., 1848; deposited by John Grigg. Iirrst (Henry B.) The Penance of Roland, a romance of the Peine Forte et Dure, and other poems; 12mo 128p— Boston, published by Ticknor, Reed & Fields, 1849; deposited by W. D. Ticknor, & Co. 179 (rq Horrman (Charles Fenno) Greyslaer, a romance of the Mohawk, fourth edition: Syo 5140p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1849 ; deposited - C. F. Hoffman. JToLcoMBE Game P.) A digest of the decisions, of the Supreme court of the United States from its organization to the present time: 8vo large, 6830p — New York, published by D. Appleton & Co., 184 18: deposited by D. Appleton & Co. Hotty (O: 5.) The | ife of Benjamin Franklin: 12mo 468p — New York. published by George F. Cooledge & Brother, 1848; deposited by George kr. Cooledge and Brother. The New York State Register for 1845, containing an al- manac for 1845-6, with political, statistical and other informa- tion relating to ihe state of New York and the United States : also, a complete list of county officers, attorneys, &c. The agora Register contains a full list of United States govern- ment officers, &e.: 12mo 516p — New York, published by J. Disturnell, 1845; deposited by J. Disturnell. Same for 1847-8, being a supplement to the Register for 1845-6; 12mo ¢ 24p — New York, published by J. Disturnell : deposited by J. Disturnell. -Hontick (Frederick, M. D.) Neuropathy, or the true principles of the art of healing the sick, being an examination of the action of gal- vanism, electricity, and magnetism in the cure of disease, and a comparison between their powers and those of drugs or medi- cines of all kinds, with a view to determine their value and proper uses ; ae 193p — Philadelphia, published by Na- tional publishing company, 1849; deposited by F. Hollick. The Diseases of Woman, their causes and cure familiarly explained, with practical hints for their prevention, and for the preservation of female health, illustrated by numer- ous engravings: 16mo 291p — New York. published, by Bur- 2eSs & Stringe r, 1849; deposited by F. Hollick. Outlines of Anatomy and Physiology, illustra- ted by a new dissected plate of the human organization and by separate views, &c., with a portrait of the author : 4to 40p — Philadelphia, published by King & Baird, 1847 ; deposited by Fs Hollick, M.D. Houmes VJohn,) The Art of Rhetoric, or the elements of oratory, adapted to the practice of the students of Great Britain and Ireland, methodically arranged from the ancient and modern rhetorical writers, to which is added Quintilian’s course of an ancient Rowan. education ; new and carefully corrected edition in two books, entirely remodeled, by John A. Getty, A. M.: 12mo 307p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 18- 19; ; de- posited by J. A. Getty. Horitiouse (Henry James, Esq.) A new Law Dictionary, containing ex- planations of such technical terms and phrases as occur in the works of legal authors, in the practice of the courts and in the parliamentary proceedings of the House of Lords and Com- mons, to which is added an outline of an action at law, and of [ ta 180 a suit in equity; edited from the second and enlarged London edition, with numerous additions, by Henry Pennington: 12mo 495p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1549 ; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Homer — The first six books of Homer’s Iliad, with English notes, a me- trical index and homeric glossary, by Charles Anthon, LL. D.: 8vo 897p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Hoop (John W., M. D.) The principles and practice of medicine in a series of essays; Svo large, 263p— Philadelphia, published by Thomas, Cowperthwait & Co, 1848; deposited by J. W. Hood. Hoop (Samuel,) Practical Treatise on the Law relating to registers, re- gister’s courts, orphans’ courts, auditors, executors, adminis- trators, guardians and trustees in Pennsy iy ania, with appendices of acts of assembly, forms, &c., and an Meee Svo large, O80p — Philadelphia, published by James Kay, Jr. & Brother ; deposited by James Kay, Jr. & Brother. Hooker (Worthington, M.D.) Physician and Patient, or a practical view of the mutual duties, relations and interests of the medical profession and the community: 8vo 453p— New York, pub- lished by Baker & Scribner, 1849; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Hoorer (Dr.) Physician’s Vade-Mecum, or a manual of the principles and practice of physic, considerably enlarged and improved, with an outline of general pathology and therapeutics, by William Augustus Grey, M. D., with additions by James Stewart, A. M. M. D.: 12mo 541p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1846 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Horace — The works of Horace, with English notes, critical and expla- natory, by Charles Anthon, LL. D., new edition, corrected and enlarged, with an excursus relative to the wines and vine- yards of the ancients, and a life of Horace by Milman: 12mo 131p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers ; deposi- ted by Harper & Brothers. Hoven (Lewis L.) The Wanderer, a poem: 16mo 64p — Cleveland, pub- lished by Smead & Cowles, 1547; deposited by L. 8. Hough. Howarp (Benjamin C.) Reports of cases argued and adjudged in the Su- preme court of the United States, January term, 1849, vol. 7: Svo large, IL1p — Boston, published by Little & Brown, 1849 ; deposited by Little & Brown. Reports of cases argued and adjudged in the Su- preme court of the United States, January term, 1847, Vol. 5; Svo large, 651p — Boston, published by Little & Brown; deposited by Little & Brown. xiowk (Henry) Historical collections of Ohio, containing a collection of the ; most interesting facts, fegitions, biographical, sketches, anec- dotes, &c., relating to its general and local history, with de- scriptions of its c ounties »Pl incipal towns and y illages, illustrated by 177 engravings, &c.: 8vo large, O8lp— Cincinnati, pub- 181 i led lished by Derby, Bradley & Co., for the author, 1847; depo- sited by J. W. Barber & H. Howe. Hower (Henr y) Memoirs of the most eminent American mechanics ; also lives of distinguished European mechanics, together with a collec- tion of anecdotes, descriptions, &c., relating to the mechanic arts, illustrated by fifty engravings; 12mo 4381p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Howison (Robert R.) A history of Virginia, from its discovery and settle- ment by Europeans to the present time; Vol. 2, containing the history of the colony and of the State, from 1763 to the retro- cession of Alexandria in 1847, with a review of the present condition of Virginia: 8vo large, 528p— Richmond, published by Drinker & Morris, 1848 ; deposited by Drinker & Morris. Howzanp (Henry J.) The Worcester Almanac, directory and business ad- vertiser, for 1850, including the ordinances of the city of Wor- cester: 16mo 172p— Worcester, published by H. J. Howland ; deposited by H. J. Howland. Hiupson (H. N.) Lectures on Shakspeare, two volumes 12mo: Vol. 1, 3836p; Vol. 2, 3482p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1848; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Mucus (John 'T.) California; its history, population, climate, soil, produc- tions and harbors, from Sir George Simpson’s oy erland j journey round the w ae a account of the revolution in California, and conquest of the country by the United States: 16mo 1045p — Cincinnati, published by J. A. & U. P. James; “deposited by J. A. & U. P. James. Doniphan’s expedition, containing an account of the con- quest of New Mexico; General Kearney’s overland expedition to California; Doniphan’s campaign against the Navajos, his unparalleled march upon Chihuahua and Durango, and the ope- rations of General Price at Santa Fe, &c., a map and five en- gravings: 12mo 407p— Cincinnati, published J. A. & U. P. James, 1848; deposited by J. A. & U. P. James. Hueus (Mrs.) The Ivy Wreath, with beautiful illustrations: 12mo 175p — Philadelphia, published by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1849; depos- ited by Lindsay & Blakiston. Birds and Blossoms for the Young, with numerous illustra- tions: 18mo 2045p — Philadelphia, published by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1848 ; deposited by Lindsay & Blakiston. HunrTeER (John, ) Analytic History for Schools, founded on the late Es- quisses historiques of M. D. Levi, [ Alvares] adapted to the state of instruction in the United States, and brought down to the year 1848: 12mo 312 p — New York, published by D. Fanshaw; deposited by John H. Hunter and D. Fanshaw. Huston (Charles ») An essay on the history and nature of original titles to land in the province and state of Pennsylvania: 8vo large, 484) — Philadelphia, published by T. & J. W. Johnson, 1849 ; deposited by 'T. & J. W. Johnson. fi] 182 Hurron’s Book of Nature laid open, revised and improved, by Rey. J. L. Blake, D. D.: 16mo 250p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1846 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Hyarr (James,) Lime and marl, their agricultural uses: Svo 32p — Phila- delphia, 1848. Imray (Keith) A popular Cyclopedia of modern domestic medicine, compri- sing every recent improvement in medical knowledge, with a plain account of the medicines in common use ; first Avmerrean edition, to which are prefixed by the editor, popular treatises upon anatomy, physiology, surgery, dietectics, and the man- agement of the sick, compiled from the works of eminent phy- sicians and surgeons, designed for general use; S8vo large, 855p—New York, published by Gates, Stedman & Co., Isd9: deposited by Gates, Stedman & Co. [xcersouu (Charles J.) Historical sketch of the second war between the United States of America and Great Britain, declared by act of Congress, the 18th of June 1812, and concluded by peace the 15th of February 1815, embracing the events of 1814: 8vo 317p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1849; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Irvine (Washington) The Crayon Miscellany, author’s revised edition, complete in one volume: 12mo 379p — New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by W. Irving. Astoria, or, Anecdotes of an enterprise beyond the Rocky mountains, author’s revised edition, complete in one volume: 12mo 519p— New York, published by George P. Putnam; deposited by W. Irving. The adventures of Captain Bonneville, United States Army, in the Rocky mountains and the far west, digested from his journal, and illustrated from various other sources, author’s revised edition, complete in one volume: 12mo 428p — New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by W. Irvi ing. The life and voyages of Christopher Columbus, to which are added those of his companions, in three volumes, author’s revised edition, 12mo; Vol. 1, 457p; Vol. 2, 493p; Vol. 3, 492p — New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by W. Irving. Tales of a Traveller, by Geoffrey Crayon, author’s re- vised edition, complete in one volume: 12mo 456p — New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by W. Irving: A history of New York from the beginning of the world to the end of the Dutch dynasty, by Diedrie h Knicker- bocker, the author’s revised edition, complete in one volume : {2mo 452p— New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by W. Irving. The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, gent., author’s revised edition, complete in one volume: 12mo “465p 183 [1] — New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; depo- sited by W. Irving. Irvine (W ashington) Bracebridge Hall, or the Humorist, a medley, by Geotlrey Crayon, vent, athor s revised edition, complete in one volume; 12mo AS7p — New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by W. Irving. A book of the Hudson, collected from the various works of Diedrich Knickerbocker, edited by Geoffrey Crayon : 16mo 115p— New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by George P. Putnam. JackMan (Alonzo,) A treatise on the doctrine of numerical series; 8vo dop — 1846. Jacosus (Melancthon W.) Notes on the Gospels, critical and explanatory, so prepared as to accompany ate questions of the American Sunday School Union, and incorporating with the notes on a new plan the most approv ed harmony of the four gospels, with illustrations; from Kitto’s Biblical Encyclopedia, &c. Matthew: 12mo 3135p — New York, published by Robert Carter, 1848 : deposited by M. W. Jacoubs. Jenks (Rev. William, D. D.) The explanatory Bible Atlas and Scripture (Bap eticer, geographical, topographical and historical, containing maps of all the countries and places mentioned in the old and new testaments, drawn from the latest and best authorities, and engraved expressly for the work, with illustrative essays for each map, and accurate local descriptions in the gazetteer, a colored missionary map of the world, a dictionary of the na- tural history of the Bible, with engravings, tables of time, weights, measures, Coins, fabular views , &e., Se. : 4to 157p — Boston published by Charles Hickling, 1849: ; deposited by Wil- ham Jenks. Jennincs (Samuel K., M.D.) A compendium of Medical Science, or fifty years experience in the art of healing, being a plain iad prac- tical treatise on the prevention and cure of diseases: &vo large, 3592p — Tuscaloosa, published by Marmaduke J. Slade, 1847: deposited by S. Kk. Jennings. Jounson (George William, Esq.) A Dictionary of Modern Gardening, with one-hundred andl eighty wood cuts, edited with numerous addi- tions by David Landreth : 8vo 635p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1847; aecuetea by Lea & Blanchard. Jounson, (Samuel, LL. D.) Pocket Dictionary of the English Language, greatly improved by an augmentation of some ‘thousand words and technical terms, &c., &e.- 16m 2! 3p — Philadelphia, pub- lished by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1849 ; deposited by Lindsay & Blakiston. Jounson (Theodore 'T.) Sights in the Gold Region, and scenes by the way: Svo 2783p — New York, published by Baker & Sc ribner, 1849: deposited by Baker & Scribner. Jounson (William,) Reports of cases adjudged in the Supreme court of Judicature of the State of New York, from January term, 1799, to January term 1803, both inclusive, together with cases i; tl 184 determined in the court for the correction of errors during that period; second edition, with many additional cases not included in the former edition, from the original notes of the late Hon. Jacob Radcliff, with copious references to the American and English decisions, by Lorenzo B. Shepard, second volume — containing the cases from October term 1800, to October term 1801, inclusive: 8vo large, 595p— New York, pub- lished by Banks, Gould & Co., 1848; deposited by Banks, Gould & Co. Jounson (William, Architect,) The Carpenters’ new Guide, being a com- plete book of lines for carpentry and joinery; treating fully on practical geometry, soffits, brick and plaster groins, niches of every description, sky lights, lines for roofs and domes, with a great variety of designs for roofs, trussed girders, floors, domes, bridges, &c.; angle bars for shop fronts, &c., raking mould- ings, &c., &c. ‘The whole founded on true geometrical princi- ples, the theory and practice well explained and fully exempli- fied on eighty-three copper plates, including some observations and calculations on the strength of timber, by Peter Nicholson, thirteenth edition: 4dto 117p — Philadelphia, published by Grigg, Elhot & Co., 1848; deposited by Grigg, Elliot & Co. Jones (Major) Sketches of travel, comprising the scenes, incidents and ad- ventures in his tour from Georgia to Canada, with eight origi- nal engravings: 12mo 192p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1848; deposited by Carey & Hart. Jones (Thomas) Book-keeping and accountantship, elementary and practi- cal, in two parts, with a key for teachers: Svo large, — New York, published by John Wiley, 1849; deposited by Thomas Jones. Jones (‘T. Wharton, F. A. S.) The principles and practice of Ophthalmic medicine and surgery, with one hundred and two illustrations, edited by Isaac Hays, M. D.: 8vo 509p — Philadelphia, pub- lished by Lea & Blanchard, 1847; deposited by Lea & Blan- chard. Keioe (Edward) Labor and other capital; the rights of each secured and the wrongs of both eradicated, or an exposition of the cause why few are wealthy and many poor, and the delineation of a system, which, without infringing the rights of property will give to labor its just reward: S8vo 298p— New York, pub- lished by the author, 1849; deposited by E. Kellog. Kerrey (Jame M., counsellor at law and State reporter) Reports of cases in law and equity argued and determined in the Supreme court of the state of Georgia, three volumes; volume 1, including the year 1846; volume 2, commencing January 1847; volume 3, commencing July 1847: 8vo large, vol. 1, 679p; vol. 2, 5924p; vol. 3, 6387p: vol. 1, published by Edward O. Jenkins, New York, 1847; vols. 2 and 3, at Savannah by W. T. Willi- ams; vol. 2, in 1847 and vol. 3, in 1848; deposited by James M. Kelley. Kexsey (William R.) The Apiarians guide, being a practical treatise on 185 [ 14] the culture and management of bees, by Wilham R. Kelsey: pamphlet 12mo 45p — Syracuse, printed by Kinney, Marsh & Barnes, L847. Kennepy (John P.) Memoirs of the life of Wilham Wirt, Attorney General of the United States, in two volumes: S8vo large, vol. 1, 417p ; vol. 2, 450p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1849: deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Kenr (James) Commentaries on American Law, four volumes sixth edition ; 8vo large, vol. 1, 560p; vol. 2, 646p; vol. 3, 514p; vol. 4, 5386p — New York, published by William Kent, 1848; depo- sited by W. Kent. Kent (Edward N.) Instructions for collecting, testing, melting and assay- ing gold: 8vo 3839p — New York, 1848. Kipyey (John Steinfort) Catawba river, and other poems: 12mo 119p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1847; deposited by J. S. Kidney. Kinespury (Harmon) The Immigrant’s Good Samaritan: 16mo 117p — New York, published by D. Fanshaw ; deposited by E. Vernon, Kirkianp (Mrs.) Holidays abroad, or Europe from the West, two volumes i2mo; vol. 1,303p; vol. 2, 3832p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1849; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Kurestetn (Louis F.) Analecta Anglo Saxonica; selections in prose and verse, from the Anglo Saxon literature, with an introductory Ethnological essay and notes, critical and explanatory, two volumes 12mo: vol. 1, 4830p; vol. 2, 444p — New York, pub- lished by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by George P. Putnam. Knapp (Dr. F.) Chemical Technology, or Chemistry applied to the arts and to manufacturers, translated and edited with numerous notes and additions, by Dr. Edmund Ronalds and Dr. Thomas Rich- ardson; first American edition, with notes and additions by Professor Walter R. Johnson, Vol. 1., illustrated with two-hun- dred and fourteen engravings on wood: Svo large, 504p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1848. Lamson (David R.) Two years experience among the Shakers, being a de- scription of the manners and customs of that people, the nature and policy of their government, &c., &c.: 12mo 212p — West Boyleston, published by the author, 1848; deposited by D. R. Lampson. Lanpis (Robert W.) Liberty’s Triumph, a poem: Svo 544p— New York, published by John Wiley, 1849; deposited by R. W. Landis. Lapnam (I. A.) Wisconsin, its geography and topography, history, geol- ogy and mineralogy, together with brief sketches of its anti- quities, natural history, soil, productions and government ; second edition, greatly improved: 12mo 208p — Milwaukie, published by J. H. Hopkins, 1846; deposited by Increase A. Lapham. Larra (Rey. S. A., A. M. M. D.) Chain of Sacred Wonders: 16mo 211p —published by the author at Cincinnati, 1849 ; deposited by the author. [ wa 186 Lawrence (Robert I.) Lectures to Youth, containing instructions prepa- ratory to their entrance upon the active duties of life: 16mo 193p — Boston, published by James French, 1548; deposited by R. F. Lawrenee. Lawrence (W. F. R.S.) A Treatise on the Diseases of the Eye, a new edition, edited with numerous additions, and one-hundred and seventy-six illustrations, by Isaac Hays, M. D.: 8vo large, 859p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1847 ; de- posited by Lea & Blanchard. Leerser (Isaac,) The book of daily Prayers for every day in the year, ac- cording to the custom of the German and Polish Jews [He- brew and English]: 8vo 243p — Philadelphia, published by C. Sherman, 5608; deposited by Isaac Leeser.. Lronarp (L. W.) Analy sis of the elementary sounds of the English Lan- guage, designed to accompany a chart of the same, with Wor- cester’s notation, by George Tilden: 16mo 36p — Keene, N. H., published by George Tilden, 1848; deposited by George Tilden. The North American Spelling Book, conformed to Wor- cester’s dictionary, with a progressive series of easy reading lessons, new edition, revised and enlarged: 12mo 18( Opi Keene, published by George ‘Tilden, ‘1847 ; deposited by George Tilden. Lesrur (Francis) A new system of Christian Philosophy: 8vo 40p— Hartford, 1848. Leste (Miss Eliza) Amelia, or a young lady’s vicissitudes, a novel com- plete in one volume: 8vo pamphlet S6p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1848; deposited by Carey & Hart. Leonilla Ly nmore, and Mr. and Mrs. Woodbridge, or a lesson for young wives, also, Dudley Villers: 8vo pamphlet 118p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 18475; de- posited by Carey & Hart. The Indian meal book, cee the best receipts for the preparation of that article: 12mo 7 1p -— Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1847; deposited by Carey & Hart. The Lady’s receipt book, a useful companion for large and small families, being a sequel to her former work on domestic cooking, comprising new and improved directions for preparing soups, shy meats, vegetables, poultry, game, hee puddings, cakes, confectionery, ‘Sweet- meats, jellies, &c.; also, a list of dishes for breakfast, dinner and supper table: 12mo 405p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1847. Liwpetu (Henry George, M. D., and Scorr (Robert, M. D.,) A Greek En- lish lexicon, based on the German work of Francis Passow, with corrections and additions, and the insertion in alphabetical order of the proper names occurring in the principal Greek authors, by Henry Drisler, M. A.; lexicon 8yo 1705 Sp: New 187 fq York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1846; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Locxe (J. De C linton) The Swiss family Robinson, second series, being the continuation of the work already published under that title, translated from the French, by J. De Clinton Locke, two vols. l6mo; vol. 1, 258p; vol. 2, 237p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1848 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Locxwoop (Ralph) An analytical and practical synopsis of all the cases argued and reversed in law and equity in the court for the cor- rection of errors of the State of New York, from 1799 to 1847, with the names of the cases and a table of the titles, &c.: Svo large, 605p — New York, published by Banks, Gould & Co., 184s: deposited by Banks, Gould & Co. LonereLtow (Henry W adsworth) Evangeline, a tale of Acadia, sixth edi- tion: 12mo 1653p — Boston, published by William D. Ticknor & Co., 1848; deposited by H. W. Longfellow. Loomis (Elias, A. ML ) E] Eitan of geometry and conic sections: 8vo 222p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; depo- sited by Harper & Brothers. Tables of Logarithms of numbers and sines, and tan- gents for every ten seconds of the quadrant, with other useful tables: Svo large, 150p — New York, published by Harper & Brother rs, 1848; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Elements of plain and spherical trigonometry, with their applications to mensuration, surveying and navigation : 8vo large, 1483p — New York, published by Harper & Bro- thers, 1848; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Lorratne (Carl) Gems for boys and girls: 18mo 112p— Hartford, published by Brown & Parsons, 1849; deposited by Brown & Parsons. Lossine (B. J.) Biographical Sketches of the Signers of the Declaration of American Independence, the declaration historically consi- dered, and a sketch of the leading events connected with the adoption of the articles of confederation and the federal consti- batons illustrated by fifty portraits and other engravings: 12mo 384p — New York, published by George I’. Cooledge & Brother, 1545 ; deposited by George F. Cooledge & Brother. A Pictorial description of Obie. comprising a sketch of its physical geography, history, politic al divisions, resources, gOov- ernment and constitution, antiquities, public lands, &c., com- piled from the best authorities, ‘Jlusteated by maps tid forty engravings: 8vo 13lp— New York, published by Ensign & Thayer, 1849; deposited by Ensign & Thayer. o, containing a compendium of the practice of the high court of chancery and the foundation of its rules, ete with an illustration of the analogy between pleadings at common law and equity, s cond Arne ‘rican from the last London edition, with notes Saal references to the American cases, by J. D. Wheeler: Svo large, 415p— New York, published by Banks, Gould & Co., 1546; deposited by Banks, Gould & Co. Lupe (D. G.) An Analysig of the principles _ Equity pleading ri] 188 Lyncu (Anne C.) Poems with illustrations: 8vo 189p — New York, pub- lished by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by George P. Putnam. Lyncu (W. F., U.S. N.) Narratives of the United States Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea, with maps and numerous illustrations: Svo large, 508p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard 1849; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Lynxp (James,) The Class Book of Etymology, designed to promote preci- sion in the use, and facilitate the acquisition of a knowledge of the English language: 12mo 277p, with ake to both Greek, Latin and other roots, in 58p — Philadelphia, published by E. C. & J. Biddle, 1847; deposited by E. C. & J. Biddle. The First Book of Etymology, designed to promote pre- cision in the use, and facilitate the ac quisition of a knowledge of the English language for begimers: 12mo 215p — Phila- delphia, published by E..C..& J. ’ Biddle, 1847. M’CLELiLaAnp (George, M. D.) Principles and Practice of Sur gery, edited by his son, John H. B. M’Clelland, M. D.: 8vo large, 452p — Philadelphia, published by Grige, Elliott & Co., 1848; de- posited by John H. B. M’Clelland. M’Curytock (John,) and Croox (G. R.) A First Book in Latin, containing Grammar exercises and vocabulas, on the method of constant imitation and repetition, second edition: Svo 409p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. A First Book in Greek, containing a full view of the form of words, with vocabularies and copious exercises on the method of constant imitation and repetition : S8vo 3815p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers 1848 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. M’Ciore (Samuel) The Psalms of David, and song of Solomon, in metre : 16mo 304p — Lewistown, Pennsylvania, published ‘by Samuel M’Clure, 1849 ; deposited by Samuel M’Clure. M’Corp (Louisa 8S.) My Dreams: 12mo 211p— Philadelphia, published by Carey & ‘Hart, 1848; deposited by Carey & Hart. Macerecor, (James Jr.) Mechanics’ Guide for constructing belting, pul- leys, cone pulleys and water wheels, &c., also, for computing the power of water wheels and high pressure steam engines, by James Macgregor, Jr., pamphlet : : 12mo 36p — Washing- ton, printed by John T. Tee 1846. M‘Gurrey (William H., D. D.,) Newly revised Eclectic Primer, with pic- torial illustrations: 16mo 60p— New York, published by Clark, Austin & Smith, 1849 ; deposited by Winthrop B. Smith. Eclectic First Reader, permanent stereotype edition: 12mo 108p — Cincinnati, published by W. B. Smith, 1848; deposited by W. B. Sinith. Newly revised Eclectic Second Reader, per- manent stereotype edition: 12mo 192p — Cincinnati, published by W. B. Smith, 1848; deposited by Winthrop B. Smith. 189 { 14 M‘Gurrey (William H., D. D.) Newly revised Eclectic Third Reader, per- manent stereotype edition: Svo 216p— Cincinnati, published by W. B. Smith, 1848; deposited by W. B. Smith. Newly revised Fourth Reader, permanent stereotype edition: 12mo 3836p — Cincinnati, published by W. B. Smith, 1848; deposited by W. B. Smith. Macke.iar (Thomas) Tai’s fortnight ramble, and other poems; 12mo 216p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1817; de- posited by 'T. Mackellar. M‘MurtTRIE (Henry, M. D.) Lexicon scientiarum; a dictionary of terms used in the various branches of anatomy, botany, ceology, oe- ometry, hygiene, mineralogy, natural philosophy, phy siology, zoology, &c: 12mo 246p — Philadelphia, published by E, ae. & J. Biddle, 1847; deposited by E. C. & J. Biddle. Magcoon (E. L.) Living orators in America: 12mo 462p— New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1849; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Orators of the American revolution: 12mo 456p — New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1848; deposited by Baker & Seribner. Manan (Rev. Asa) The True Believer, his character, any and privileges, elucidated in a series of discourses ; 12mo 280p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. : Matsrre (M. Le Conte Joseph dé) Essay on the generative principle of po- litical constitutitions, translated from the French; 16mo 173p — Boston, published by Little & Brown, 1847; deposited by Little & Brown. Mattory (R. P.) A panoramic view from Bunker Hill monument — Boston, published by Redding & Co., 1848; deposited by J. C. Cross- man and R. P. Mallory. Manvevitie (f., D. D.) An introduction to the author’s ‘Course of Sy and elements of Reading and Oratory,” part. first : 12mo 212p — New York, published by D. Appleton & Co.,; [848 ; deposited by D. Appleton & Co. Mansrietp (Edward D., Esq.,) The Mexican war; a history of its origin, and a detailed account of the victories which terminated in the surrender of the Capital, with the official dispatches of the Generals, illustrated with maps and engravings: 12mo 323p — New York, published by H. S. Barnes & Co., 1845; deposited by H. S. Barnes & Co. MarxuAm (Mrs.) A History of France from the conquest of Gaul by Juli- us Cesar, to the reign of Louis Phillippe, with conversations at the end of each e¢ chapte r, prepared for the use of schools ; the addition of a map, notes and questions, and a supplemen- tary chapter brmging down the history to the present time, by Jacob Abbott : 12mo 629p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers 1848; deposited by Harper & Brothers. [ag 190 Marquart (John, Jr.) and Scuremer (Henry,) Gaging Simplified, or every merchant his own gager: 12mo 44p — Philadelphia, published by William S. Young, 1849; deposited by John Mar- quart and Henry Schreiner. Marryatt (Captain,) Valerie, a tale, one volume, 8vo pamphlet 98p— Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1849. Marsu (C. C.) La Ciencia de Teneduria de Libros, simplificada por la apli- cacion de una regla infalible para acertar el deudor y el acredor, bien calculada para ens ensenar completamente la teoria y practica de la partida doble, sienda una serie de operaciones mercantiles bien escojidas, y arriglidas para former un curso completo de instruccion practicas designado paro el uso de escu- elas y Casas de Comercio de las Americas. Acompanando numerosos ejamplos de calcalos mercantiles. Traducido de la . Vigisima Edicion inglesa por A. G. Beck, Bajo la immediata Aon del Autor: 8vo 195p— New York, published by J. . Riker, 1849: deposited by C. C. Marsh. Marvin (J. G. ) Legal Bibliography, or a thesaurus of American, English, Trish and Scoteh law books, together with some continental treatises, interspersed with critical observations upon their vari- ous editions and authority, to which is prefixed a copious list of abbreviations, by J. G. Marvin, counsellor at law: 8vo 800p — Philadelphia, T. & J. W. Johnson, 1847; deposited by J. G. Marvin. ‘Lason (John M., D D) The complete works of John M. Mason, D D, in four volumes, edited by his son, Ebenezer Mason: Bro large, vol. 1, 557p; vol. 2 , 59Bp 3 Pah 3, O98p; vol. 4 , 579p — New York, published by Baker & Schibrier 1849; deposited by Baker & Scribner. Mason (Richard, M. D.,) Mason’s Farrier and stud book, new edition, to which is added a prize essay on mules, and an appendix con- taining recipes for diseases of horses, oxen cows, calves, sheep, dogs, swine, &c., with a supplement, comprising an essay on domestic animals, especially the horse, &c., by J. S. Skinner : 12mo 415p — Philadelphia, published by Grigg, Elhot & Co., 1848; deposited by John Grige. Maxwett (John L.) The Czar, his court and people, ineluding a tour in Norway and Sweden: 12mo 5368p — New York, published by « Baker & Scribner, 1848; deposited by Baker & Senbaen May (Caroline) The American Female Poets, with biographical and critical notices: 8vo large, 532p — Philadelphia, pubhshed by Lind- say & Blakiston, 1848; deposited by Lindsay & Blakiston. Mayye (John, M. D.,) A Dispensa tory and Therapeutical Remembrancer : comprising the entire lists of materia medica, preparations and compounds, with a full and distinct version of every practical formula, as authorized by the London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Royal college of physicians, &c., revised, with the addition of the formula of the United States Pharmacopeia, &e., by R. Eglefield Grifhth, M D: 8yo 3829p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1848 ; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. 191 [ag Mayo (W.S., M. D.) Kaloolah, or journeyings to the Djebel Kumri, an autobiography of Jonathan Romer: 12mo 514p— New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by W. S. Mayo, M. D. Meics (Charles D., M. D.) Females and their Diseases, a series of letters to his class: Svo large, 670p— Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1848; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Obstetrics, the science and the art, with illus- trations: Svo 685p— Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blan- chard, 1849 ; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Meies (J. Forsyth, M. D.) A Practical Treatise on the Diseases of Chil- dren: 8vo 575p — Philadelphia, published by Lindsay & Bla- kiston, 1848 ; deposited by J. F. Meigs, M. D. Metvit_e (Herman,) Redburn, his first voyage, being the sailor boy con- fession and reminiscence of the son of a gentleman in the mer- chant service: 12mo 390p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849 ; deposited by H. Melville. Mardi, and a voyage thither, two volumes, 12mo Vol. 1,365p; Vol. 2, 387p — New York, published by Har- per & Brothers; deposited by H. Melville. Omoo, a narrative of adventures in the South Seas: 12mo 3889p — New York, published by Harper. & Brother, 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Typee, a peep at Polynesian life, during a four months’ residence in the valley of the Marquesas, the revised edition, with a sequel, by Herman Melville: 12mo 3807p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1849 ; deposited by Henry Melville. Meteatr (Theron) Reports of cases argued and determined in the Supreme judicial court of Massachusetts, volumes 10, 11 and 12: 8vo large — vol. 10, 640p; vol. 11, 629p; vol. 12, 615p — Bos- ton, published by Little & Brown, 1349; deposited by Little & Brown. Mires (Pliny) American Mnemotechny, or Art of Memory, theoretical and practical, on the basis of the most recent discoveries and im- provements in Europe and America, &c., with a mnemotechnic dictionary, second edition: 12mo 40%p— New York, published by Wiley & Putnam, 1848; deposited by P. Miles. Same, fifth edition: 12mo 4350p — Published by M. H. New- man & Co., 1848; deposited by P. Miles. The Statistical Register and book of general reference and quotations, a compilation of remarkable events from Ancient and Modern history ; great discoveries and inventions ; literary and biographical chronology, remarkable battles, lists of so- vereigns, &c.; also, poetical and prose selections, geographical statistics, value of coins, specific gravities, astronomical statis- tics, sentiments of flowers, mythological tables, names, &c., second edition: 12mo 200p— New York, published by Mark H. Newman & Co., 1849; deposited by Pliny Miles. La] 192 Miter (H., M. D.) A theoretical and practical treatise on human parturi- tion: 8vo large, 463p— Louisville, published by John V. Cowling and George C. Davis, 1849; deposited by Henry Miller. Minter (Linus W. ) Notes of an exile to Van Dieman’s Land, comprising incidents of the Canadian rebellion in 1838, trial of the author in Canada and subsequent appearance before her Majesty’s court of queen’s Bench in London, imprisonment in England, and transportation to Van Dieman’s Land, also an account of the horrible suffermgs endured by ninety political prisoners, during a residence of six years in that land of British slavery, together with sketches of the island, its history, productions, inhabitants, &c., &c.: 12mo — Fredonia, New York, 1846 ; deposited by Linus W. Miller. Minirie (William,) A text book of Geometrical Drawings, abridged from the octavo edition for the use of schools, with an introduction to isometrical drawing, and an essay on linear perspective and shadows, the whole illustrated with forty-eight steel plates : 12mo 156p — Baltimore, published by William Minifie & Co., 1849 ; deposited by William Minifie. The Architect, a text book of geometrical drawings for the use of mechanics’ and schools, with an introduction to isometrical drawing, and an essay on linear perspective and shadows, the whole illustrated with fifty-six steel Pe con- taining over two-hundred diagrams: 8vo large, 127 pe sBal- timore, published by William Minifie & Co., 1849 ; donated by William Minifie. Minot (George) Public Laws of the United States of America, passed at the second session of the thirtieth Congress, 1848 — 1849, carefully collated with the originals at W ashington, to be con- tinued annually : 8vo large, 151p— Boston, published by Little & Brown, 1849 ; deposited by Little & Brown. Mitcuet (O. M., A. M.) The Plinetary and Stellar World, a popular ex- position of the great discoveries and theories of modern astron- omy, ina series of ten lectures: 12mo 356p— New York, published by Baker and Scribner, 1848; deposited by O. M. Mitchel. Mircue.t (S. Augustus) Intermediate or Secondary Geography, a system of modern geography comprising a description of the present state of the world, and its five great divisions — America, &c: illustrated by forty maps and numerous wood cut engravings : Ato 8 {0p : — Philadelphia, published by Thomas, Cowperthwaite & Co 18. 19; deposited by S. Augustus Mitchel i. MitcHe.t (Donald G.) Giesh Gleanings, or a new sheaf from the old fields of Continental Europe, by He Marvel: 12mo 366p—New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Mour (Francis Philip D.) and Repwoop (Theophilus) Practical Pharmacy, the arrangements, apparatus and manipulations of the pharma- ceutical shop and laboratory, edited with extensive additions, 193 [ 14] edited with extensive additions by William Proctor, Jr.; illus- trated by five hundred engravings on wood: Svo large, 576p —— Philadelphia, published by he 2a & Blanchard, S49; depo- sited by Lea & Blanchard. Mone tz (Claudius L.) A treatise on the practice of the courts of the State of New York, adapted to the code of procedure as amend- ed by the act of April 4, 1849, and the rules of the Supreme court, to which is added ‘Nie practice in courts of justices of the peace, with an appendix of practical forms: 8vo large,’ d7dp —— Albany, published by Gould, Banks & Gould, 1849; depo- sited by Gould, Banks & Gould. Monette (John W., M. D.) History of the discovery and settlement of the valley of the Mississippi, by the three great European powers, Spain, France and Great Britain, and “the subsequent occupa- tion, settlement and extension of ‘the civil government of the Unite d States, until we year 1846, in two volumes : Svo large, vol. 1, 561p; vol. 2, 595p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1846 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Mowro (Rev. Edward) The Combatants; an allegory. From the London edition; with a ranes executed by B. I. Childs from original designs by Darley : 12mo 182p— New York, published by the General Protestant Episcopal Sunday School Union, 1848; de- posited by John W. Mitchell. MonracuE (Edward P.) Narrative of the late expedition to the Dead Sea, from a diary by one of the party; with incidents and adventures from the time of the sailing of the expedition in November 1847, till the return of the same in December 1848. Illustrated with a map of the Holy Land, handsomely colored. 16mo 336p— Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1849, deposited by Carey & Hart. Moore (Jacob Bailey) Memoirs of American governors, vol. 1: S8vo large, 4359p — New York published by Gates & Stedman, 1846 ; deposited by Jacob Bailey Moore. MoreneaD (Hon. J. M.) The Siamese Twins: 8vyo 24p—published at Raleigh, 1848. Morrir (Campbell) Chemical and Pharmaceutic Manipulations; a manual of the mechanical and chemic-mechanical operations of the labo- ratory, containing a complete description of the most approved apparatus, with instructions as to their application and manage- ment, both in manufacturing processes and in the more exact details of analysis and accurate research, by C. Morfit, assisted by Alexander Muckle; with four hundred and twenty-three illustrations: Svo large, 482p— Philadelphia, published by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1s. 19, Chemistry applied to the manufacture of soap and can- dles; illustrated with one hundred and seventy engravings on wood: 8vo 544p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1847; deposited by Carey & Hart. Manures; their composition, preparation and action upon Mis.—13. ial 194 soils, with the quantities to be applied; being a field companion for the farmer; from the French of standard authorities: 16mo LOOp -— Philadelphia, published by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1848 ; deposited by Lindsay & Blakiston. Perfumery, its manufacture and use, with instructions m every branch of the art and recipes for all the fashionable pre- parations, illustrated by numerous woodcuts. From the French of Celnart and other late authorities, with additions and im- provements. 12mo 285p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1547; deposited by Carey & Hart. Mortey (C.) The Power of Kindness: 12mo 108p— New York, published by J. R. Wellman, 1846; deposited by C. Morley. Morais (Pemberton P.) A Practical Treatise on the Law of Replevin in the United States ; with an appendix of forms and a digest of sta- tutes: Svo large, 8316p — Philadelphia, published by James Kay, Jn: (ec Brother, 1849; deposited by James Kay, Jr & Brother. Moses Thomas P.) Leisure Thoughts in prose and verse: 12mo 192p —~ Portsmouth, published by Samuel A. Badger, 1849; deposited : by Samuel A Badger. Muucenserec (Henry A.) The Life of Major General Peter Muhlenberg of the revolutionary army, by Henry A. Muhlenberg: 12mo 456p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1849 ; deposited by Carey & Hart. Mutter (J.) Principles of Physics and Meteorology; first American edition, revised and illustrated with five-hundred and thirty-eight en- gravings on wood and two colored plates : 8vo 635p — Phila- delphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1848; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Murr (John) The American Formulary, comprising oath, verdict, deed, will, indenture, contract, lease, bond, notice, petition and other useful forms, pertaining to judicial and social affairs; with re~ marks concerning witnesses, jurors, verdicts, lawyers, instruc~ tions, wills, contracts, &c., 18mo — Alexandria, 1849; de- posited by John Muir. The American Reference Book, comprising in sundry divi- sions, divers useful tables, abbreviations, forms, rules, remarks, &e., &c., pamphlet: 18mo— Baltimore, 1847; deposited by John Muir. Mourrny (John M’Leod,) and Jerrers (W. N. Jr.) Nautical routine and stowage; with short rules in Navigation: 8vo 174p— New York, “published by Henry Spear 1s. 19; deposited by Henry Spear. Myers (Hamilton P.) The First of the Knickerbockers, a tale of 1673, second edition: 12mo 222p — New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849 ; deposited by George P. Putnam. My Moruer: or recollections of maternal influence: 12mo 240p — New York, published by William H. Hyde, 1849; deposited by William H. Hyde. 195 C1] Mytye (J. W.) and Craia (R. D.,) Reports of cases argued and deter- mined in the high court of chancery, during ahe time of Lord Chancellor Cottenham ; with notes and references to both English and American aS by John A. Dunlap, counsellor at law, vol. 4, 1838-39-40; 2, 3, and 4 Vic toria— [See Dun- lap]: Bio large, 719 —— New York, published by Banks, Gould & Co., and at Albany by Gould, Banks & Gould, 1846; depo- sited by Banks, Gould & Co. Napotron and the Marshals of the Empire, complete in two volumes, with sixteen steel portraits in military costume: Svo, vol. 1, 348p; vol. 2, 3872p: Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1848 ; deposited by Carey & Hart. NEANDER (Augustus) The Life of Jesus Christ in its historical connexion and historical development; translated from the fourth German edi- tion, by John M‘Clintock and Charles E. Blumenthal: 8yvo large, 450p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, ISIS: deposited by Harper & Brothers. Neti (John, M. D. ,) and Smrrn (Francis Gurney, M. D.,) An analytical compendium of the various branches of medical science, for the use and os caimimation of students ; anes: anatomy, 12mo, 180p; 2, Physiology,133p; 3, Surgery, 122p; 4, Obstetrics, 115p; 5, Materia Medica and Therapeutics, 115 5p; 6, Chem- istry, 93p; 7 Practice of Medicine, 152p, 12mo — Phila- delphia, published by Lea & Blanchard, 1845; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Newton (Sir Isaac,) Principia. The mathematical principles of Natural Phi- losophy translated into English by Andrew Mott; to which is added Newton’s system of the world; with a portrait taken from the bust in the Royal observatory at Greenwich; first American edition, carefully revised and corrected, with a life of the author, by N. W. Chittenden: S8vo large, O8lp— New York, published by Daniel Adee, 1848; deposited by Daniel Adee. New Testament (The) in Comstock’s perfect alphabet : Svo 597p — Phi- ladelphia, published by A. Comstock, M. D., 1848; deposited by Andrew Comstock, M. D. Nicuotson (A.) Ireland’s welcome to the stranger, or, an excursion through Treland in 1844-45, for the purpose of personally investigating the condition of the poor: 12mo 456p -— New York, published by Baker & Scribner, 1847; deposited by A. Nicholson. Norris (William Henry,) Brown (George William,) and Brune (Frede- rick William, Jr.,) Digest of the | Maryland reports, Comprising Harris & M‘Henry, four volumes; Harris & Johnson, seven volumes; Harris & Gill, two volumes: Gill & Johnson, twelve volumes; Bland’s chancery reports, three volumes : 8vo large, 922p — Baltimore, published by Cushing & Bro- ther; deposited by the authors. Nortuenp (Charles, ) School dialogues; being a collection of exer- cises particularly designed for the use of schools; 12mo 352p Fath] 196 ue — Syracuse, published by L. W. Hall, 1849; deposited by Charles Northend. Norton (Rev. Herman,) Record of Facts, concerning the persecutions at Madeira, in 1843 and 1846; the flight of a thousand converts to the West India Islands; and also the sufferings of those who arrived in the United States: 16mo 228p— New York, pub- lished by the American Protestant Society, 1849; deposited by Edward Vernon. Nores on the structure and philosophy of the English language, designed for mutual or self instruction; also a text book for review in high schools, academies, and colleges: with a lecture on elocu- tion, by the author of *‘ Lectures on the English Language ”’ : 18mo 43p — New York, published by Redfield & Savage, 1846; deposited by J. H. Hull. Nuttine (B. F.) Initiatory drawing cards, in four parts, eighteen cards in each, presenting carefully drawn examples, and accompanied by directions illustrating the first principles of drawing, tor the use of schools and families: 16mo — Boston, published by M. J. Whipple, 1849; deposited by M. J. Whipple. OxsseRVATIons and exhortations based upon the catechism of the Protes- tant Episcopal Church; intended chiefly for the use of teachers in instructing classes of servants or other uneducated persons, designed to accompany the church catechism, simplified by a member of the diocese of South Carolina: 16mo 84p — New York, published by Daniel Dana, Jr., 1847; deposited by Dan- iel Dana, Jr. Otpncook, (Dr.) Receipt Book; with notes for the preservation of health: 12mo 144p — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Ouyey (J., A. M.) A Practical Introduction to the Study of Geography; embellished with maps from steel plates, and engravings on wood: 16mo 108p— New York, published by Pratt, Wood- ford & Co., 1847; deposited by Canfield & Robins. School Atlas containing twenty-four maps: 4to — New York, published by Pratt, Woodford & Co.; deposited by D. F. Robinson. An Elementary Geography, adapted to Olney’s outline maps, for common schools and general use : 16mo 90p— New York, published by Pratt, Woodford & Co., 1847; deposited by Pratt, Woodford & Co. A practical system of modern geography simplified and adapted to the capacity of youth; containing numerous tables, and embellished with numerous engravings of manners, cus- toms, &c., revised and illustrated by a new and enlarged atlas, fifty-fifth edition : 12mo 3800p — New York, published by Pratt, Woodford & Co., 1847; deposited by D. F’. Robinson. Onperponk (Henry, Jr.) Documents and letters intended to illustrate the revolutionary incidents of Queens county; with connecting nar- ratives, explanatory notes and additions: 12mo 264p— New 197 [fe York, published by Leavitt, Trow & Co., 1846; deposited by H. Onderdonk, Jr. Revolutionary incidents of Suffolk and Kings coun- ties; with an account of the battle of Long Island, and the British prisons and prison ships of New York: 12mo 268p — New York, published by Leavitt & Co. 1849. Orpnan Twrys (The); or the adventures of a brother and sister; a poem= 12mo 100p— New York, published by Stanford & Swords, 1849; deposited by David Bigler. Orton (J. W.) The miner’s guide and metallurgist’s directory: 16mo 86p — New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 1849, depo- sited by A. S. Barnes & Co. Oscoop (Frances Sargent) Poems; illustrated by Huntingdon, Darly, Ros- siter, Cushman and Osgood: Svo 466p— Philadelphia, pub- lished by Carey & Hart, 1850; deposited by Carey & Hart. Oswatp (John,) An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language; revised and improved, and especially adapted to the purpose of teaching English composition in schools and academies, by J. M. Keazy; to which is appended a key to the Latin, Greek, and other roots: 12mo— Philadelphia, 1847; deposited by E. C. & J. Biddle. Our.ines of the History of France, from the earliest times to the Revo- Jution of 1848; for schools and families, with numerous: engra- vines and questions for the examination of pupils: 16mo 240p — Philadelphia, published by Thomas, Cowperthwait & Co., 1848 ; deposited by Thomas, Cowperthwait & Co. Paine (Martyn, A. M., M. D.) The Institutes of Medicine: Svo large, 826p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Materia Medica and Therapeutics: 12mo 41 1p — New York, published by Samuel S. & William Wood, 1848; deposited by Samuel S. & William Wood. Pace (David P., A. M.) Theory and practice of teaching, or the motives and methods of good school-keeping: 12mo 3849p — Syracuse, published by Hall & Dickson, 1847; deposited by D. P. Page. Patry (William,) A Treatise on the Law of Principal and Agent, chiefly with reference to mercantile transactions; thifd edition, with considerable additions, by J, H. Lloyd, third American edition, with further extensive additions, by J. A. Dunlap: 8vo large, A61p— New York, published by Banks, Gould & Co., 1847 ; deposited by Banks, Gould & Co. Parenrat Instruction, or Guide to Wisdom and Virtue; designed for young persons of both sexes; selected chiefly from the writings of an eminent physician: 12mo 252p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1846 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. ParRKER (Richard Green, A. M.) Geographical Questions. Questions in Ge- ography, adapted for the use of Morse’s, Woodbridge’s, Wor- cester’s, Mitchel’s, Field’s, Malte Brun’s, Smith’s, Olney’s, Goodrich’s, or any other respectacle collection of maps; to git. 198 which is added a concise description of the terrestrial globe : 12mo 60p— New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847 ; deposited by Harper & Brothers. Parker (Richard Green) First Lessons in Natural Philosophy ; abridged a from the compendium of school philosophy : 16mo 150p — New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 1848; deposited by A.S. Barnes & Co. A school compendium of natural and experi- mental Philosophy, embracing the elementary principles of mec hanics, hy drostatics, hydraulics, pneumatics, acoustics, py- ronomies, optics, astronomy, electricity, g galvanism, magnetism, electro magnetism, and magneto electricity, with a description of the steam and locomotive engines, a new edition with addi- tions and improvements: S8yo 382p — New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 1848; deposited by A. S. Barnes & Co. Rhetorical Reader, exercises in rhetorical reading, with a series of introductory lessons: 12mo 432p — New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 1349; deposited by A. S. Barnes. Parke (Uriah) Stewart’s new edition, farmers’ mechanics’ and merchant’s practical Arithmetic, revised and improved, with additions; twentieth edition: 12mo 179p — Hagerstown, published by W. Stewart, 1848; deposited by W. Stewart. Parxman (Francis, Jr.,) The California and Oregon trail; being sketches of Prairie and Rocky mountain life: 12mo 448p —— New York, published by George P. Putnam, 1849; deposited by George P. Putnam. Patterns for ornamenting the covers of books, patterns of rolls, stamps, scrolls and connecting lines : 4to 24p — Philadelphia, published by Gaskill & Copper, 1847; deposited by Gaskill & Copper. Parrerson (Robert) The Reporter’s Assistant ; being an exposition of the reporting style of phonography: 12mo 452p — Philadelphia, published by E. Webster; deposited by R. Patterson. Pauupine (J. K.) The Hertan and his Daughter, two volumes: 8vo vol. 1, 216p; vol. 2, 270p; New York, published by Baker & Sarihe ner, 1849: deposited by Baker & Scribner. he Old Continental; or, the price of liberty, two volumes, [ first volume only receiv ede | 16mo vol. 1, 191p — New York, published by Paine & Burgess, 1846; deposited by Paine & Burgess. And Pauxtpine (William Irv ing) American Comedies: con- tents, the Bucktails, or Americans in England ; the Noble Exile ; Madmen all, or the Gure of love; Antipathies, or the Enthusiasts by the ears: 12mo 295p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1847; deposited by Carey & Hart. Perce (Oliver B.) Natural series of Reading books, second reader: 12mo 2652p —— New York, published by Gates, Stedman & Co., 1849 ; deposited by O. B. Peirce. 199 [ Aa Penn (William) The life of William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania; with numerous illustrative anecdotes and embellishments: 16mo — Philadelphia, published by Lindsay & Blakiston, 1849; de- posited by Lindsay & Blakiston. Preortr’s VapE Mecum (The) Comprising a colaenen of valuable receipts in the useful and interesting arts, &c., ; by a practical che- mist: 16mo 46p — Buffalo, published i Jewett, Thomas & Co., 1849; deposited by George W. Merchant. PreRKINS ce. R.,, A.M.) Perkins’ site an elementary arithmetic. Stereotype edition, revised and improved: 8vo 347p — Hart- ford, published by H. H. Hawley & Co., 1849; deposited by George R. Perkins. Higher Arithmetic, oe an appendix, stere- otype edition; revised and improved: 12mo 3542p — Utica, published by H. H. Hawley & Co., 1818: deposited by Geo. R. Perkins. A Treatise on Algebra, embracing besides the elementary principles, all the higher parts usually taught in colleges, &c., &c. Second edition ; revised, enlarged and im- proved : 8v0 - 420p — Utica, published by Tete. Hawley &- Co, 1847; deposited by George R. Perkins. Elements of Geometry, with practical ap- plications; designed for beginners: 12:0 30Sp — Utica, pub- lished by H. H. Hawley & Co., 1847; deposited by George R. Perkins. Peter Schlemihl in America,: 8vo 494p— Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1848; deposited by Carey & Hart. PETERS (Richard) A full and Sl Digest of the decisions in com- mon law, equity and adiniralt y “of the courts of the United States, from the organization of the government in 1789 to 1847, in the Supreme, Circuit, District and Admiralty court ; reported in Dallas, Cranch, Whedton, Peters and Howard’s Supreme court reports; in Gallison, Mason, Paine, Peters, Washington, Wallace, Sumner, Story, Baldwin, Brocken- brough, “andl M’ Iudahi’s Circuit ‘éourt reports, and in Bees, Ware, Peters and Gilpin’s District and Admiralty reports; with an appendix, &e., &c.; two volumes: Svo large, Vol. 1, 8319p; Vol. 2, 770p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart ; de- posited by Richard Peters. Peter (Wilham, A. M.) Spec imens of the poets and poetry of Greece and Rou by various translators: 8vo large, 530p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1847; deposited by Carey & Hart. Peterson (Charles J.) The military Heroes of the Revolution, with a narra- tive of the war of Independence : 8vo large, 487p — Philadel- phia, published by William A. Leary, 1848; deposited by James L. Gihon. The military Heroes of the War of 1812; with a nar- rative of the war: 8vo large, 208p— Philadelphia, published by Wilham A. Leary, 1848; deposited by James L. Gihon, fi] 200 a (Charles J.) The military Heroes of the War with Mexico, with anarrative of the war: 8vo large, 282p — Philadelphia, pub- lished by Wilham A. Leary, 1848; deposited by James L. Gihon. Puetres (Mrs. Lincoln,) Ida Norman; or, trials and their uses: 12mo 272p — Baltimore, published by Cushing & Brother, 1848 ; deposi- ted by Cushing & Brother. Picxerine (John, LL. D.) A Comprehensive Lexicon of the Greek Lan- guage, adapted to the use of schools and colleges, in the Uni- ted States. Third edition, greatly enlarged and improved: 8Svo 1456p — Boston, published by Wilkins, Carter & Co.; deposited by Wilkins, Carter & Co., and Sarah Pickering, Ex- ecutrix. Pickerine (John) The working man’s Political Economy, founded upon the principle of immutable justice, and the inalienable nights of man; designed for the promotion of national reform : 8vo 206p —— Cincinnati, published by Thomas Varney, 1847; deposited by John Pickering. Pinneo (T.S., M. D.,) The Heman’s young ladies Reader, for female schools; containing extracts mm prose and poetry, selected from the writings of more than one hundred and thirty different authors; Eclectic series: Svo 480p— New York, published by Pratt, Woodford & Co.; deposited by Winthrop B. Smith. Electic educational series; primary Grammar of the English language for beginners; 16mo 110p — Cincinnati, published by Winthrop B. Smith, 1849 ; deposited by W. B. Smith. Pontiac; or the siege of Detroit; a drama, in three acts: 12mo 60p —Bos- ton, published by Samuel Colman, 1835; deposited by Samuel Colman. Porter (William) A quarter race in Kentucky, and other sketches, il- lustrative of scenes, characters and incidents, throughout the universal Yankee nation; with illustrations by Darley : 12mo 203p — Philadelphia, published by Carey & Hart, 1847; depo- sited by Carey & Hart. Porter (J. Hamilton, M. D.,) The Consumptive’s Guide to health; or the invalid’s five questions and the doctor’s five answers; being a comprehensive and practical treatise on pulmonary consumption, &c., &c.: 12mo 78p — Philadelphia, published by the author, 1849; deposited by J. Hamilton Potter, M. D. Prescorr (William H.) History of the conquest of Peru, with a preliminary view of the civilization of the Incas; two volumes Svo large, — New York, published by Harper & Brothers, 1847; depo- sited by William H. Prescott. Primer — The illustrated Primer, or child’s first book; embellished with nu- merous engravings : Sy o — New York, published by George F. Cooledge & Brother, 1847; deposited by George F. Cooledge & Brother. Pure (Dr. J. H.,) Organon der Weltgeschichte : Svo 125p — Cincinnati, 201 [a 1848; printed by C. F. Schmidt, and for sale at New York by W. Radde; deposited by J. H. Pulte. Purvon (John, Esq.,) and Stroup (George M.) A digest of the laws of Pennsylvania, from the year 1700 to the 22d day of April 1546; seventh edition; the first four editions by the late John Purdon, sq, the last three, by George M. Stroud: Svo large — Phila- delphia, published by Thomas Davis, 1847. Supplement to the digest of the laws of Pennsylvania, from 22d April 1846, to 11th April 1848, with some older laws not included in the last edition of Purdon’s digest; by F. C. Brightly : 8vo — Philadelphia, published by J. Kay & Bro- ther, 1848; deposited by F. C. Brightly. Purnam (John Phelps) United States digest; being a digest of decisions of the courts of the common law, equity and seal in the United States: vol. 1, annual digest for 1847; vol. 2, annual digest for L848: Svo large — Boston, published by ‘Lite & Brown; vol. 1 in 1848, 498p; vol. 2 in 1849, 502p; deposited by Little & Brown. Quary (Jones, M. D.,) Human anatomy; edited by, Richard Quain, F. R. 8S. and William Sharpey, M. D., F. R.S., First American, ae the fifth London edition, edited by Joseph Leidy, M. D.: two ee with over five hundred illustrations: 8vo + ol L. 638p; vol. 2, 6389p — Philadelphia, published by Lea & Blan- chard, 1849 ; deposited by Lea & Blanchard. Rapapan (Don Carlos) Manescas oral system of teaching living languages, illustrated by a practical course of lessons in the Spanish lan- guage, through the medium of the English; in one volume : Svo 1029p — New York, printed at the Spanish printing office No. 88 William street, 1846; deposited by Don Carlos Ra- badan. Ranpauu (Henry S.) Sheep Husbandry in the South ; comprising a treatise on the acclimation of sheep i in the emuthern states, an account of the different breeds ; also, a complete manual of breeding, summer and winter management, and of the treatment of diseases; with portraits and other illustrations, in series of letters to R. Fk. W. Allston, Esq.: Svo large, 320p — Philadelphia, pub- lished by J. S. Skinner & Son, 1848 ; deposited by J. S. Skin- ner & Son. Raw e (William, Jr.) Reports of cases adjuged in the Supreme court of Pennsylvania. Volumes one and two. Se ong edition, revised and corrected ; 8vo; vol. 1, 480p; vol. 2, 476p — Philadel. phia, published by. Thomas Davis, 1849 ; deposited by Thomas Davis. Ray (Joseph) Eclectic educational series—Algebra, part first, on the ana- lytic and inductive method of instruc tion with numerous prac- tical exercises } designed for common schools and academies. Stereotype edition: 12mo 240p— Cincinnati, published by Winthrop B. Smith & Co., 1848; deposited by Winthrop 3B. Smith. [1] , 208 Ray (Joseph) Arithmetic: part second —A thorough course of mental arithmetic, by induction and analysis. Revised edition: 16mo 128p — Cincinnati, published by Winthrop B. Smith, 1849; de- posited by Winthrop B. Smith. Arithmetic, part third —on the inductive and analytic me- thods of instruction, embracing cancellation and factoring. New and thoroughly revised edition. Designed for schools and academies: 16mo 3820p — Cincinnati, published by Winthrop B. Smith & Co.; deposited by W. B. Smith. Reap (Thomas Buchanan) Lays and ballads: 12mo 140p — Philadelphia, published by George S. Appleton, and at New York by D. Ap- pleton & Co., 1849; deposited by George S. Appleton. The female poets of America; with portraits, bi- ographical notices, and specimens of their writings: Svo large, 420p — Philadelphia, published by E. H. Butler & Co., 1849; deposited by E. H. Butler & Co. Reysaup (Madame Charles) The Cadet de Colobrires. ) Stevens ee Step. Composed for the piano forte, by J.D. Anguera:4to 3p— Boston, published by A.& J. P. Ordway, 1850; deposited by A & J. P. Ordway, 19 October, 1850. Astorta Waltz, Arranged for the piano forte or harp, by J. Adams Smith: 4to 5p — Published by H. J. Peters & Co, Louisville, 1850; deposited by H. J. Peters, 25 May 1850. Bacuetor’s Song (The). By one of the Squad: Music by a Spinster, copy- right secured to the single. Entered at Spinster Hall: 4to 5p — New York, published by Frith, Pond & Co., 1850; depo- sited by Frith, Pond & Co., 9 February 1850. BapvEN Baden. The real Schottish, arranged for the piano forte, by Fred. Wiese: 4to 2p — New York, published by William Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 3 May 1850. Baker (E. L.) Massa sound is sleeping; composed by E. L. Baker: 4to Op — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; de- posited by Firth, Pond & Co. ,7 June, 1850. Batre — Hither we come; or, the Pirates? Chorus, as sung at Christy,s Opera Comique, arranged from Balfe’s Opera, The Enchan- tress, by Max Zorer: 4to 5p — New York, published at Van- derbeek’s : Firth, Pond & Co., New York ; deposited by Wm. Vanderbeek, 23 December 1850. Batuarp (James) Favorite Russian Melody, with introduction and varias tions, by James Ballard: 4to 3p — New York, published at Vanderbeek’s, 479 Broadway, 1850; deposited by William Vanderbeek, 8 November, 1850. Battimore Olio Waltz from the “ Ballet la Gizelle.’’ Arranged for the piano forte, by H. D. Sofye: 4to 5p — Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850 ; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 20 May 1850. Batcueitper (W. K.) La Bostonienne; Valse brillante. Composed and arranged for the piano forte, by W. Kk. Batchelder: 4to 5p-+ Boston, published by A. & J. P. Ordway, 1850; deposited by A. & J. P. Ordway, 19 October, 1850. Beautirut Isle ; Song, addressed to Dauphin Island, Mobile Point, Fort Boyer, Alabama. Adapted to a favorite Polish air, by James G. Drake: 4to 5p— Louisville, Ky., published by Peters, Webb & Co. ; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 5 October 1850. BrEcHER (Rev. Charles,) and Zunpex (John.) The Metronome, or Music Teacher’s Assistant ; a new Manual of Sacred Song. By Rev. Charles Beecher and John Zundel: Svo 59p — New York, 1851; deposited by Charles Beecher, 21 December, 1850. Bewerman (A. J.) Western Star Waltz. Composed for the piano forte, by A. J. Beiderman: 4to 5p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 11 Octe- ber, 1850, Beituak (James.) Ben Bolt, Waltz, in which is introduced the “ Chant favori de Kneass.”” Composed by James Bellak: 4to 5p — Balti- 289 Ci more, published by W. C, Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 6 August, 1850. Betiax (James) “ Bertucca Polka.” By James Bellak: 4to 2p — New York, published by William Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 19 August, 1850. Virginia Polka. Composed for the piano forte by James Bellak : 4to 2p — Baltimore, published by W. C. Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 16 October, 1850. “ Bette of Winyaw Bay (The.)”’? Written by Howard H. Caldwell, Esq. Music adapted and arranged by N. W. Gould, of Christy’s Minstrels: 4to 5p — New York, published by William Hall & Son, 1850 ; deposited by William Hall & Son, 19 August, 1850. Ben Bolt Polka, in which is introduced the chant favori de Kneass. Ar- ranged by W. C. Peters: 4to 5p — Baltimore, published by W. C. Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 16 October 1850. ; Benepictr (Jules) By the sad sea waves, as sung by Mad’le Jenny Lind at her concerts in America. Composed by Jules Benedict : 4to 5p --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co, 1850; de- posited by S. C. Jollie, 11 October 1850. Take this Lute. Ballad sung by Mad’lle Jenny Lind, at her concerts in America. Composed by Jules Benedict: dto 7p -— New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850 ; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 11 October 1850. Jenny Lind’s Greeting to America. Written by Bayard Taylor, Esq. Music composed by Julius Benedict: 4to 7p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 11 October, 1850. Beyxert (George Felix) Gentle Kate. Sung by Miss Julia L. Northall. Poetry by Charles O. C. Music by George Felix Benkert : dito 7p--- New York, published by William Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 21 June, 1850. What hath snared thee, heart? Ballad, as sung by Miss Rosa Jaques. Poetry written by Henry H. Paul. Music by Benkert: 4to 5p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co. ; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 7 June, 1850. Whisper one gentle word. Poetry by Henry H. Paul. Music by George Felix Benkert : 4to 5p— New York, published by William Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by Wilham Hall & Son, 7 March 1850. Bonnie Bess. Ballad. Poetry by H. H. Paul. Music by George Felix Benkert: 4to 7p-—New York; pub- lished by William Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 1 March 1850. Bere (Albert W.) Mignonette Polka. Composed by Albert W. Berg : 4to dp — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; de- posited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 February 1850. Bernrevter (H) Columbus Guards’ Quick Step. Composed by H. Bern- Mis.—19. phady 290 “ yeuter. Arranged for the piano forte by Charles Reps: 4to op New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 February 1850. BernwrevTer (H) Bombardment of Vera Cruz. Grand Heroic March- Composed by H. Bernreuter. Arranged for the piano by Chas. Reps: 4to 5p—— New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co.; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 7 June 1850. BiancueE and Liserre. Composed by the author of Jeannette and Jeannet. Arranged for the guitar by Thomas Crouch: 4to 3p— New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 April 1850. Biessner (Gustave) “I Keane got the blues to-day!’ A comic ballad written by Miss Sarah M. Graham. The Music composed and dedicated to Miss Mary E. Thompson by Gustave Blessner; 4to 5p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; de- posited by Firth, Pond & Co., 11 October 1850. Empire State Quick Step, composed by Gustave Blessner: 4to 5p — New York, published by Wilham Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 3 May 1850. BroomriEtp (E. L.) Euretta Polka, composed by E. L. Bloomfield: 4to 4p — New York, published by Jaques & Brother, 1850: deposited by Jaques & Brother, 6 June 1850. Boquet Waltz (Le.) Arranged for the piano forte by J. Kirschenheuter : Ato 2p — Louisville, Ky., published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co. 25 May 1850. Bowv’p Sojer Bby. Arranged by J. E. Miller, [being No. 10, second series of cottage Duetts :| 4to 3p — Baltimore, published by George W illig, Jr., 1850; deposited by G. Willig, Jr., 21 February 1850, BRANDEIS (Fred.) The Standard Bearer. Grand March, by Fred. Brandeis: 4to 5p— New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 April, 1850. Bristow (Geo. F.) La Belle Amerique ; WA ine pour le Piano. Com- posée et dedié a M’lle Fanny Miller, par Geo. F. Bristow ; Op. 4: 4to 9p— New York, published by S. Pearson, 1850; de- posited by Geo. F. Bristow, 11 October, 1850. La Sérenade nocturne pour le Piano, par Geo. F. Bris- tow; Op. 8: 4to Ip — New York, published by S. Pearson, for the Author; deposited by Geo. F. Bristow, avtine, 1850. I would I were a favorite Flower. Written by Emerald - T. Wilson. Sung by Mr. Griswold. Music by G. F. Bristow: 4to 5p — deposited by G. F. Bristow, 7 June, 1850. Tripler Schottisch. Composed by Geo. F. Bristow: 4to 5p — New York, published by S. Pearson; Firth, Pond & Co. ; Dubois & Warriner; William Vanderbeek ; deposited by Sidney Pearson, 30 December, 1850. Brown (Geo. S.) The Dying Meine A Song, written by J. 8. Wilson. Composed by Geo. S. Brown: 4to ‘Sp — Baltimore, published }o9 291 [14 by W. C. Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 16 Octo- ber, 1850. Brown. Le Chant Americaine. Variations on Brown’s popular melody, Will you come to my Mountain Home. For the piano forte, by Samuel Owen: 4to 8p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 February, 1850. Brunns (J.J. W.) Jenny Lind’s Diamond Waltz. Composed for the piano, by J. J. W. Bruhns 4to 7p — Boston, A. & J. P. Ordway, 1850; deposited by A. & J. P. Ordway, 19 October, 1850. Bryant (Mad’lle. S.) Fantaisie Brillante sur une Valse de Mad’lle. S. Bry- ant. Arrangée et variée pour le piano par C. Baldwin: Ato 11p — Baltimore, published by G. Willig, Jr., 1850; deposited by G. Willig, Jr., 21 February, 1850. Bucktey (R. Bishop, Esq.) Jenny Lane. Words and music by R. Bishop Buckiey, Esq. Arranged for the piano, by J. P. Ordway: 4to 5Sp— Boston, published by A. & J. P. Ordway, 1850; depo- sited by A. & J. P. Ordway, 19 October; 1550. Burrowes’ Piano Forte Primer; containing the rudiments of Music, calcu- lated either for private tuition or teaching in classes. Revised and enlarged, with additions and alterations, by W. C. Peters : 12mo 58p— Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1849; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May, 1850. Campo del Gloria, being No. 1, of “ Flowers of Andalusia.’’ A selection of Spanish melodies. Arranged for the guitar by Mad. Knoop: Ato 5p --- Baltimore, published by W. C. Peters, 1850; depo- sited by W. C. Peters, 6 August, 1850. Camp of Glory, being No. 4, of W. C. Peters & Co.’s selection of admired duetts, for two performers on the piano forte. Arranged by W.C. Peters: 4to 5p --- Baltimore, published by W. C. Pe- ters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 6 August 1850. “Can I e’er forget the Valley.”’ Song or Duett. Arranged as a duett for the piano forte by A. Phillips; 4to 2p — New York, published by Win. Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by Wim. Hall & Son, 3 May 1850. , Canpy (John) “ Farewell! Farewell is often heard.’ Words from the ‘“¢ London Despatch.’? Composed and arranged for the piano forte by John Candy: 4to 5p — Louisville, published by Pe- ters, Webb & Co, 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May 1850. The Peasant Wife. Words by the Hon. Mrs. Norton. Mu- sic by John Candy: 4to 5p -- Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May 1850. Carvey (Allen D.) New Edition. The Missouri Harmony; or, a collection of psalm and hymn tunes, and anthems, from eminent authors ; with an introduction to the grounds and rudiments of music. In four parts. By Allen D. Carden. Containing a number of admired tunes of the various meters, and several choice pieces, selected from some of the most approved collections of sacred music. ei] 292 Revised, enlarged, and corrected. By Charles Warren: 8yo long, 268p — Cincinnati, published by Wilham Phillips & Ae 1850; deposited by Morgan & Sanxay, 2 December, 1850. Carntvat de Venise. Being No. 5 of Gems from the Operas, arranged for the Harp, by T. H. Williams: 4to 8p— New York, pub- lished by J. F. Browne, 1850; deposited by J. F. Browne, 21 February 1850. CarPENTER (Samuel) ‘ Ever be joyous.” Words by J. B. Murphy. Music composed by Samuel Carpenter. Arranged by Miss Mary Cox- head: 4to 5p — Philadelphia, Couenhoven & Duffy ; deposited by Couenhoven & Duffy, 21 December 1850. Carstensen (Henry) “If I had thought thou couldst have died. Words by Wolffe. Music by Henry Carstensen: 4to 2p— Louisville, Ky., published by Peters, Webb & Co.; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 5 October 1850. Cuapwick (Henry) Mountain Hunter’s Waltz. Arranged from the Opera of Amelie, by Henry Chadwick: 4to 5p — New York, pub- lished by William Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by Wilham Hall & Son, 1 March 1850. Ninstrel Waltz. Composed and arranged for the piano forte by Henry Chadwick : 4to 3p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 February 1850. Curist1an Melodies: a Selection of Eymns and Tunes designed for Social and Private Worship in the Lecture Room and the Family. Edited by George B. Cheever, D. D., and J. E. Sweetser: 12mo. 252p— New York, published by A. S. Barnes & Co., 1851; deposited by A. S. Barnes & Co., 5 December 1850. Curisty’s Jane Monroe. A celebrated Ethiopian Melody, as sung by the Christy Minstrels. Words by G. W. Donelson, Esq. Arranged by E. P. Christy : 4to 5p — New York, published by William Hall & Son 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 21 June 1859. Katy Dean. A celebrated thiovian Melody, as sung by the Christy Minstrels. Words by '. Vaughn. Arranged by E. P. Christy: 4to Sp--New York, published by Wilham Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Wall & Son, 3 May 1850. Coir (Geo. I.) Governor Seabrook’s Quickstep, composed at the request of the Washington Light Infantry. 8y George F. Cole: Charles- . ton, published by George I’. Cole, 1550: deposited by Wil- liam Hall & Son, 3 May 1850, Cows (Solomon) The Harmonia; A new collection of easy songs, composed and arranged for one, two, three, and four voices, with a new set of rules and practical exercises, upon an original and scien- tific plan, for the use of schools, singing classes, and social cir- cles. By Solomon Cone: 12mo long, is4p — Albany, Erastus H. Pease & Co., 1850: deposited by E. H. Pease & Co., 10 October 1850. 293 [ig Coox (John C.) “ Lexington Polka,’? composed and arranged for the piano By John C. Cook: 4to 3p— Louisville, published by H. J. Peters & Co., 1850; deposited by H. J. Peters, 25 May 1850. Good Night Mamma! Good Night! or, the Dying Child: words by Dr. William T. Knight, music by J.C. Cook: 4to 5p — Louisville, Kentucky, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 5 October 1850. ‘“Mammoth Cave Waltz,”’ composed and arranged for the piano forte by J. C. Cook: 4to Sp— Louisville, published by Peters & Webb, 1850; deposited by Peters & Webb, 5 Octo- ber 1850. Cedar Hill Waltz, composed and arranged for the piano. By J.C. Cook: 4to 2p— Louisville, published by H. J. Peters & Co., 1850; deposited by H. J. Peters, 25 May 1850. Kentucky Polka. Composed for the piano forte by J. C. Cook: 4to 5p — Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850 ; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May 1850. “Summer Season,” being No. 2 of ‘'The Season Waltzes,”’ by John C. Cook: 4to 5p— Louisville, published by Peters & Webb, 1850; deposited by Peters & Webb, 25 May 1850. Fall-Season Waltz. Composed and arranged for the piano forte by John C. Cook: 4to 3p — Louisville, published by Peters & Webb, 1850; deposited by Peters & Webb, 25 May 1850. ‘«< Winter-Season,”’ being No. 4 of “The Season- Waltzes,” by John C. Cook: 4to Sp — Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co.; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May 1850. Lexington Quick Step. Composed and arranged for the piano forte, by John C. Cook: 4to 5p — Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May 1850. Cooper (Adeline Maxwell, of London) Grand National Waltzes, dedicated to Gen. Z. Taylor, President United States. Composed by Adeline Maxwell Cooper (of London): 4to 11p — New York, published by William Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 3 May 1850. | Coprocx (W. R.) Eglantine Divertimento for the Piano Forte. Composed by W. R. Coppock: 4to 7p— New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 April, 1850. Coquette Schottisch Polka, as played by Munck’s Soirée Band. Arranged by Johann Munck: 4to 5p — New York, published at Vander- beek’s ; deposited by Wm. Vanderbeek, 4 October, 1850. Coquette Schottisch (The.) Being No. 1 of Guitarist’s Gleanings ; a col- lection of operatic Gems, polkas, waltzes, &c. Arranged for the guitar, by J. Ballard: 4to 5p— New York, published at Vanderbeek’s, 1850; deposited by Wm. Vanderbeek, 4 Octo- ber, 1850. Covennover (James.) Philadelphia Mazurka Quadrilles, Nos. 1, 2,3, 4 and 5; for the piano forte, Composed and arranged by James Tit 294 Couenhover: 4to 7p— New York, published by Wm. Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by Win. Hall & Son, 1 March, 1850. Covert (Bernard.) ‘‘ Brother, speak in whispers light ;’’ or, “ The Bride’s Departure.”’ Words by Capt. Patten, U.S. A. Music composed by Bernard Covert: 4to 5p — Boston, ap shed DYZA. 65 Jue. Ordway, 1850; deposited by A. & J. P. Ordway, 19 October, 1850. Crovcn (Thomas.) Then blame not time. Words by J. H. Macmichael. Composed and arsanged for the guitar, by Thomas Crouch : Ato 2p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 Febr uary, 1850. Cummine (Wm.) Irmaéa Maria! Duetto for two equal voices. Words by W.H. Donoho. Composed and arranged for the piano forte, by Wm. Cumming: 4to 5p— Baltimore, published by W. C. Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 6 August, 1850. Curtiss (N. P. B.) The Hindoo Slave Girl. Words by M.S. Pike, Esq. Music by N.P. B. Curtiss: 4to 5p — Boston, published by A. & J. P. Ordway ; deposited by A. & J. P. Ordway, 19 Oet. 1850. When Slumber Sweet. Poetry by Marshall S. Pike, Esq. Music composed for the piano by N. P. B. Curtiss: 4to Op -— Boston, published by A. & J. P. Ordway, 1850; depo- sited by A. & J. P. Ordway, 19 October 1850. Deems (James M.) Vocal music Simplified: an elementary and progressive method of teaching vocal music in classes. With original ex- ercises in solfegei ‘and vocalization. By James M. Deems. [In two numbers. No. 1, treble, &c. No.2 bass: ] 8vo bass, 112p; tenor, 112p _ Baltimore, published by George Willig, Jr., 1849 ; deposited by James M. Deems, 21 May, 1850. Deu Con Te. (Norma) Arranged for the Harp by T. H. Williams. Being No. 4 of Gems from the Operas: 4to 11p — New York, pube lished by J. F. Brown, 1850; deposited by J. F. Brown, 21 February 1850. Dr Luce (George) City Guard Quick Step. Composed and arranged for the piano forte by George De Luce: 4to 4p -—- New York, pub- lished by Jaques & Brother, 1850; deposited by Jaques & Brother, 28 January 1850. De Meyer. When Twilight is Closing. Ballad. Words by F. Cosby. Melody from De Meyer’s celebrated ‘‘ Chant Bohemienne.”’ Arranged for the guitar by W. C. Peters: 4to 5p—— New York published by Willam Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 3 May 1850. Densari (P. Y.) ‘Softly the Moon, my love.” A Serenade, written by C. W. Everest, Esq. Music composed by P. Y. Densari: 4to op— New York, published by Sidney Pearson, 1850; deposited by Sidney Pearson, 7 June 1850. Dopwortu (Allen) Dark Sett Quadrilles, Nos. 1, 2, 38, 4 and 5. Arranged by Allen Dodworth: 4to 7p—N. York, published by W. Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by W. Hall & Son, 1 March, 1850. Donizetti. Spirito Gentil. Spirit of Light; Cavatina; La Fayorita. Doni- 295 Live zetti. Being No. 1 of Boquet of Operatic Songs: 4to 5p — New York, published at Vanderbeek’s Music Warerooms, 1850; deposited by William Vanderbeek, 7 November 1850. Donizetti. Change not Thou. Song written by F. Cosby, Esq. Melody by Donizetti. Arranged for the guitar by W.C. Peters: 4to 3p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; depo- sited by Firth, Pond & Co., 7 June 18: D0. Ah! tender Floweret. A favorite Song. Words and ar- rangement by Henri. Music by Donizetti: 4to — New York, published By Jaques & Brother, 1850; deposited by Jaques & Brother, 22 March 1550. Change not Thou. Song written by F. Cosby, Esq. Melody by Donizetti. Arranged by William C. Peters: 4to dp — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 February 1850. Ecxarpt (Charles.) Baton Rouge GrandMarch and Quick Step. Composed and arranged for the piano forte by Charles Eckardt: 4to dp — Baltimore, published by G. Willig, Jr., 1850; deposited by G. Willig, Jr., 21 February 1850. Ecuo Song (The), - Arranged by J. C. Scherpf. [Being] Op. 56, 1st Series, Op. 57, 2d Series, of **The National Airs of Sweden,” ar- ranged as Quadrilles, by John C. Scherpf: 4to dp--- New York, published at the Music Wareroom 479 Broadway, William Vanderbeek; deposited by W. Vanderbeek, 20 December, 1850, ’ Emeracp Polka. Arranged for the piano, by Henry Chadwick: 4to 2p --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 7 June, 1850. Eruior1an Popular Melodies ; arranged in an easy style for the harp, by 'T. H. Williams. No. 1. Carry me back; Dearest Mae; Happy are we, darkies so gay: 4to Ip — New York, published by J. F. Brown, 1850; deposited by a F. Brown, < 21 February, 1850. Fittmore (Augustus D.) The Song of Steam. Words by Capt. C. W. Cutter. Music composed by Augustus D. Fillmore: 4to 5p — Cincinnati, published by D. Anderson, 1850; deposited by D. Anderson, 9 November, 1850. The wandering boy ; a duett. Words by Henry Kirk White. Music composed by Augustus D. Fillmore: 4to 3p — Cincinnati, published by D, A nderson, 1850; deposited by D. Anderson, 9 November, 1850. Our old Homestead. Words by Miss Phebe Carey. Music composed by A. D. Fillmore : 4to 3p — Cincin- nati, published by D. Anderson, 1850; deposited by D. Ander- son, 9 November, 1850. The Universal Musician; a new collection of secular and sacred music, designed for musical associations, and social music parties ; with a new and comprehensive plan of instruction, embracing the various systems of notation. By A. D: Filltiore : Svo oblong — Cincinnati, published by D. An- derson, 1850; deposited by A. D. Fillmore, 9 May, 1850. ray 296 Fircn (Rev. E. T., D. D.) “Thou art gone home;”’ or, the two voices. Words by Mrs. Hemans. Music by Rev. Eleazer T. Fitch. Ato 5p --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850: deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 7 June 1850. Foster (Stephen C.) The voice of by-gone days. Ballad. Written and composed by Stephen C. Foster: 4to 5p --- New York, pub- lished by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 11 October 1850. Way down in Ca-i-ro. Written and composed by Stephen C. Foster: 4to 5p --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 7 June 1850. Nelly Bly. Words and music by 8S. C. Foster. Be- ing one of Foster’s Ethiopean melodies: 4to 5p--- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 April 1850. Mary loves the Flowers; Song. Poetry and music by S. C. Foster: 4to --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co.,9 February 1850. Nelly was a Lady. Written and composed by S. C. Foster. Being No. 1, of Foster’s Ethiopean melodies: 4to Ap --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; de- posited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 February 1850. Nelly was a Lady. Written and composed by Ste- phen C. Foster. Arranged for the Spanish guitar by Max Zorer: 4to 2p --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850 ; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co.,9 February 1850. Soirée Polka, composed by Stephen C. Foster : 4to 2p — Baltimore, published by W. C. Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 12 February 1850. Another copy deposited 8 March 1850. Soirée Polka. By S. C. Foster, arranged for four hands. Being No. 23 of W. C. Peters & Co’s., selection of ad- mired duetts, &c., for two performers on the piano forte: 4to 5p — Baltimore, published by W. C. Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 16 October 1850. Dolcy Jones, written and composed by S. C. Foster. Being No. 3, of Foster’s Ethiopian Melodies: 4to 4p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 February 1850. Fowrrr (J. A.) Sharon Polka, composed for the piano forte, by J. A: Fowler: 4to 5p— New York, published by William Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 21 June 1850. Fire Fly Polka, composed for the piano forte by J. A. Fowler: 4to 5p — New York, published by William Hall & Son 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 3 May 1850. 297 [ae] Fry (Theo.) Sylphide Waltz, in five steps. Composed by Theo. Fry: 4to 5p — Baltimore, published by G. Willig, Jr., 1850; deposited by G. Willig, Jr., 21 Febrnary 1850. FuLterarr (Otto) “ Sweet thoughts of him around me gather’’; or, ‘ the Soldier’s Bride.”” Written by L. M. Montague, composed by Otto Fiillgraff: 4to 7p—New York, published at Vander- beek’s, 1850 ; deposited William Vanderbeek, 4 October 1850. Gace (Le) d’Amour, Valse, arranged for the piano forte, by C. Schaub: Ato 2p Poaisville, Ky. * publahes by Peters. & Webb, 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May, 1850. GANSBACHER (J.) “ Regina Coeli.”” To be sung from Easter until Trinity Eve. From J. Ginsbacher: 4to 2p— Baltimore, published by W.C. Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 6 August, 1850. Gerxin (Charles H.) The Flora Waltz. Composed and arranged for the piano forte, by Charles H. Gerkin: 4to 3p — Baltimore, pub- lished by Geo. Willig, Jr., 1850; deposited by G. Willig, Jr., 24 February, 1850. Gimper (Henry.) ‘I watch’d the dew upon the grass ;”’ as sung by Jenny Lind. Written and composed by Henry Gimber: 4to 5p — New York, published by Wm. Vanderbeek ; deposited by Wm. Vanderbeek, 4 October, 1850. Guimpse (A) of love song. Words taken from the Hazel dell Poems. Arranged with symphonies and accompaniments, for the piano forte: 4to 5p — Albany, Boardman & Gray — New York, Firth, Pond & Co.; deposited by Boardman & Gray, 11 October, 1850. Grover (Charles W.) Gentle Voices; for the Spanish guitar. Composed by Chas. W. Glover. Arranged by Henry Chadwick: 4to 3p— New York, published by Wm. Hall & Son, 1850 ; deposited by W. Hall & Son, 3 May, 1850. Susette and Beau Joe ; as sung by Geo. Kunkel, of the Night- ingales. Words by 'T. Martin. Music arranged from Glover, for the piano forte, from ‘‘ Songs of the Sable Harmonists :’’ 4to 5p — Baltimore, published by W. C. Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 16 October, 1850. Gooxp (Henry) Memory’s Jewels. A song to my wife. Words from the Albany Evening Journal. Music composed by Henry Goold: Ato 3p--- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth & C o., 9 February 1850. GraFruLza (C.S.) “ Captain Clark’s Qiiic k Step.’? Composed by C. 8S. Gra- fulla: 4to 7p --- New York, published by William Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by William Hall & Son, 19 August 1850. Friendship Quick Step... Composed by C. 8S. Grafulla for Phoenix Hook and Ladder co., No. 3: 4to 6p--- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co.,.7 June 1850. Friendship Quickstep. Composed for the Phoenix Hook and Ladder co., No. 3, (of New York) by C. 8S. Grafulla, 4to 99 ce 298 6p --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; depo- sited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 April 1850. Grimmer (J) ‘Les belles de la cote joyeuse,”’ No. 1 of ‘Les belles de la Riviere Rouge.”? Valses en deux suites. Composées par J. Grimmer: 4to 9p --- Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May 1850. “‘ Les belles des Natchitoches,’’? No. 2 of ‘* Les belles de la Riviere Rouge,’ Valses en deux suites. Composées par J. Grimmer: 4to 9p --- Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May 1850. Grose (Charles) E. Pluribus Unum ; with brilliant variations for the piano forte. Composed by Charles Grobe: 4to 8p --- Baltimore, published by William C. Peters, 1850; deposited by William C. Peters, 22 April 1850. Gage d’Amitié; Variations brillantes, sur le theme favori, The Elfin Waltz, composées pour le piano par Charles Grobe : Ato 9p — Baltimore, published by G. Willig, Jr., 1850: depo- sited by G. Willig, Jr., 21 February 1850. ‘ Gruse (Charles.) Georgia Waltz. Composed by Charles Grube: 4to 5p --- New York, published by William Hall & Son, 1850; de- posited by William Hall & Son., 5 May 1850. Guentz (A. Ch.) Impromptu Capricieux. Composé pour le piano par A. Ch. Guentz: 4to 7p--- Louisvilie, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May 1850. Guisert (Benjamin J.) Le lac d’amour valse, composée pour le piano. Par Benjamin J. Guibert: 4to 3p --- Louisville, published by Peters & Webb, 1850 ; deposited by Peters & Webb, 25 May, 1850. ° La belle Lucie. Favorite Waltz for the Piano. Composed by Benjamin J. Guibert : 4to 5p — Louisville, pub- lished by H. J. Peters & Co., 1850., deposited by H. J. Peters 25 May 1850. Gune’t (Josef) ‘ Narragansett Waltz ;’’ No. 3 of Musical compositions of Josef Gung’! 4to 9p --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 7 June 1850. Wandering Melodies Waltzes. Being No. 2 of the mu- sical compositions of Josef Gung’]: 4to Llp --- New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 9 April 1850. Gunn (Isaac.) Mary Machree. Written by Miss Fanny Malone Raymond. Composed by Isaac Gunn: 4to 5p — New York, published by Firth, Pond & Co., 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 7 June, 1850. Gunter (E. W.) There’s a nook in the greenwood; ballad, written by F. Cosby, Esq. Composed and arranged for thé piano forte, by E. W. Gunter: 4to 5p— Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 5 Oc- tober, 1850. 299 [ 1 Guyter (E. W.) The School Queen; a coronation Song. Words by Rev. B. B. Smith. Music composed and arranged for the piano forte, by E. W. Gunter: 4to 3p— Louisville, published py Hida Peters & Co., 1850 ; deposited by H. J. Peters & Co. .» 20 May, 1850. “ Hap I never, never known thee; ”’ ballad. Arranged for the piano, by William Cumming: 4to 5p — Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May, 1850. «Had I never, never known Thee ;”’ Ballad. Arranged for the guitar, by Wim. Cumming: Ato Op — Louisville, “published by Peters, Webb & Co., “1850 ; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May, 1850. Hance (J. F.) Presentation Quick Step. Composed by J. F. Hance: 4to Op — Baltimore, published by W. C. Peters, 1850; deposited by W. C. Peters, 22 April, 1850. TTarapen (D. T.) The Enchanted Polka. Composed for the piano forte, by D. T. Haraden: 4to 5p — Boston, published by A. & J. P. Ordway, 1850; deposited by A. & J. P. Ordway, 19 October, 1850. Harrineron (G. A.) Oh Phebe. An Ethiopian Ballad. Written by a gentlemen of Baltimore. Composed by G. A. Harrington ; 4to 5p--- Baltimore, published by G. Willig, Jr., 1850; deposited by G. Willig, Jr., 21 February 1850. Harry and Lucy. ‘“* What shall ne Darkey do.’’ An Ethiopian Melody. Written and composed by Harry and Lucy: 4to 5p --- New York, published by W. Hall & Son, 1850; deposited by W. Hall & Son, 3 March 1850. Harton (J. L.) Unkindness. Ballad, composed for, and sung by Eliza Biscaccianti ; to whom it is dedicated by J. L. Hatton: dto 6p --- Louisville, published by Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; depo- sited by Peters, Webb & Co..0 Octoher 1850. Hennines (John B.) The War Steed. Grand Military March. Composed by John B. Hennings: 4to 5p --- New York, published by Firth Pond & Co. , 1850; deposited by Firth, Pond & Co., 7 June 1850. Henri Quadrille impromptu, sur les Chansons populaires, Jeannette and Jeannot, Love’s Seranade, Bowl’d Soger Boy, &c., pour le piano par Henri: 4to 6p --- New York, published by Jaques & Bro- ther, 1550; gested by Jaques & Brother, 22 March 1850. “ Henrrerra Gallopade.” Arranged for the piano by H. J. Peters: 4to Dp --- Louisville, published by: Peters, Webb & Co., 1850; deposited by Peters, Webb & Co., 25 May 1850. Henssxer (I. R.) Chamois Polka. Composed for the piano forte by F. R. Henssler: 4to 6p --- Boston, published by A. & J. P. Ord- way ; deposited by A. & J. P. Ordway, 19 October 1850. “ Here’s a health to thee, Tom Moore.” : a te ; , ie nage a is a esl Me = foe i . m 1 r Py! ' A obit an Ms xe at i ee panic ing i Raw ee es i: haat 3 giaeny Saige 2. Sanne PRT, PT eT Ree 4: Ra le 4 fe fie ag og eho, A Toei ae . ‘ ee Oe ee vie rigid by Shee “eae @. eae ae A ge “Oe lubed, YE Der iy Te kd , mw rd ny J | Rew eenig dict are set ze oe ee a oa Se pegs MOTI a * | _ | $+ yy A A ' ann ow @eF » - a WF ° = - « a6 . ?e ' wf | ~~ / / Poe : i guint ss 2 i = i see eas b we Nem a : i ~~ » al Th ee ee Oe ee 2 ee ae SpecraL Session, [SENATE. ] MiscCELLANT: March, 1351. PO, 2: LETTER FROM THE HON. DL YULEE, Stating the reasons which will induce him to contest the seat of the Hon. SrepHen R. Maunory, who was declared to be elected the Senator from Florida for the ensuing terin. Marcu 8, L851]; Read and ordered to be printed. a a Wasuineton, March 8, 1851. To the Senate of the United States: I beg leave to present an extract from the daily Journal of the Ge- neral Assembly of Florida, printed by authority and for the use of that body, showing the proceedings and vote which took place on the 13th day of January last, in the choice of a Senator of the United States,’for the term commencing the 4th of March current. It will be seen the President of the joint meeting announced there was no choice. In consequence whereof the legislature proceeded in several successive votings, untilon a subsequent day, it was announced that the Hon. Stephen R. Mallory was chosen. After a careful examination of the subject, I have a strong conviction, that the first voting completed an election, that in fact and right, I was then duly and constitutionally chosen, and that all the subsequent proceed- inos were therefore void. It appears that I was the only person put in nomination—that no votes were given for any other eligible person—and that more than a majority of a quorum of the elective body declared me to be their choice. It is understood that the legislature acted under an impression that the concurring voices of a major part of all the members elected to the two branches (the aggregate being fifty-nine) was necessary to a choice; and that number (to wit, thirty) not having declared for au eligible person no choice was thought to have been made. If I was legally elected, as I believe to be the case, it is my duty to as- sert a right to the office; and asa failure to do so now, when the Senate is convened, and I am present in the city, might be interpreted into an abandonment of claim, or at the least into negligence in its assertion—I have thought it incumbent upon me to bring the subject to the notice of the body. But as my friend Mr. Mallory, who will doubtless regard it his duty to present himself with his credentials, is not now here, it is not my purpose or wish to press the question, nor to ask a decision until he can be present. With respect and consideration, your fellow citizen, D. L. YULEE. [2] , : Extract from the Journal of the General Assembly of Florida, for the 13th day of January, 1851. On motion of Mr. Milton, A committee of three, consisting of Messrs. Milton, Baker and Ward- law, was appointed to wait upon the Senate, and inform that body of the readiness of the House to proceed to the election of United States Senator and other officers, according to resolution previously adopted by the two Houses. A committee from the Senate, announced that the Senate would be ready in a few minutes to proceed to said elections. The Senate entered the Hall, and the President, upon invitation of the Speaker, took the chair. The President having announced the object of the joint meeting and that the election for Senator was now in order; Mr. Milton nominated David L. Yulee for that office. The first vote resulted as follows: For Yutere:—Senate—Mr. President, Messrs, Brown, of Columbia, Brown of Hillsborough, Forward, Jiotason, Maxwell, Mosely, Perry and Taylor—9. House—Mr. Speaker, Messrs. Anderson, Bennett, Bradley, Burnham, Dilworth, Finlayson, Hawes, James S. Jones, John W. Jones, Kenan, Kilcresse, Lott, Magbee, Milton, Smith, Standley, Steele, Taylor and Wardlaw—20. ‘Total, 29. Buanx :—Senate—Messrs. Austin, Avery, Baldwin, Buddington, Craw- ford, Finley, McMillan, Smith and Stewart—9. Houwse—Messrs. Allen, Baker, Battle, Brett, Brownell, Brown, Bryant, Ferguson, Geiger, Hop~ kins, Langford, Long, Mathers, Maxwell, McCall, Plummer, Scott, Shine, Turner and Wilkinson—20. Total, 29. The President announced that there was no election. HAMILTON, PUBLI€ PRINTER. SprcIAL SEssIon, [SENATE. ] Rep. Com. March, 1851. No. 1. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY, Relative to the construction to be given to the act of September 20, 1850, so far as tt relates to the Mileage of Senators from California. Marcu 10, 1851. Submitted and ordered to be printed. Mr. Cooper made the following Report : The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the resolution of the Senate directing the said committee to inquire and report whether the act of Congress of the 20th of September, 1850, so far as the same relates to the mileage of the Senators from California, is permanent or temporary in its provisions, REPORT : That they have carefully considered the provisions of the aforesaid act, and are of opinion that so much of the same as provides “ that the mileage of the Senators and Representatives from California, and the Delegate from Oregon, be computed and paid, according to the most usual travelling route within the limits of the United States,”’ is permanent; and that the mileage of the Senators from the State of California, should be ascertained and paid in pursuance of this provision. In Senate oF THE UNITED STATEs, March 8, 1851. On motion of Mr. Hunter, Resolved, That the President of the Senate, having stated to the Senate a question as to the true construction of the act of the 20th September, 1850, in relation to the mileage of the Senators from California : Ordered, That it be referred to the Judiciary Committee, to inquire and report whether the said act so far as relates to the mileage of the Senators of California is permanent or temporary in its provisions. (Attest,) ASBURY DICKENS, Secretary. [lq 2 FROM THE HON. WILLIAM M. GWIN, IN RELATION TO HIS MILEAGE. Submitted to the President of the Senate pro tempore. ASBURY DICKENS, Secretary of the Senate. SenaTE CuamBer, March —— 1851. Assury Dickens, Esq., Secretary of the Senate. Sra i—In my letter to you of the 30th September last, in relation to my mileage as a Senator, I stated the distance, in conformity with the provi- sion of the act of 20th September, 1850, to be five thousand and ten miles coming, and the same returning. That act, however, being only a tem- porary one, and operative only upon the then session, no longer applies to the subject ; and I now request you to state my mileage at six thousand eight hundred and fifty-three miles from my place of residence in Califor- nia, to Washington, and the same returning, in conformity with the act of 22d January, 1818. This is strictly in accordance with the unanimous decision of the committee on mileage of the House of Representatives, in fixing the mileage of the Representative from my State, at the session just expired. A copy of that decision is appended. ; WM. M. GWIN. Wasuineron, D. C., February 27, 1851. To the Members and Senators from California. GENTLEMEN :—I have received your letter of yesterday, requesting my opinion as regards the mileage to which you are entitled by existing laws, for the last and present session of Congress. As to the last session, I think mileage is regulated by the proviso to the first section of the act of 20th September, 1850, page seventy-two, entitled “‘ An act to supply a deficiency in the appropriation for pay and mileage of members of Congress for the present session.”’ The appropriating clause as well as the title, apply only during “ the present session,” (1849-50.) To that clause, providing for your mileage at that session, is appended a proviso, limiting the charge under that ap- propriation, to a computation according to ‘the most usual travelling route within the limits of the United States.”’ I feel, therefore, constrained to say, that your mileage, in my judgment, at the last session, must be governed by that proviso. ; As to your mileage at this session, until otherwise provided by law, I thinkit is governed by the act of January 22,1818, (8 Stat. at Large, 404.) That act fixes the mileage and per diem of members of Congress by a per- manent law applying in all time to come, until repealed or modified here- after, in relation to old as well as new members, and so universally con- strued. It is entitled “ An act allowing compensation to the members of the Senate, members of the House of Representatives of the United States, and to the delegates of the Territories, and repealing all other laws on that subject.” 3 [1] It is provided in the first section of this act, ‘‘ That at every session of Congress, and every meeting of the Senate in the recess of Congress, after the third “day of March, one thousand eight hundred and seventeen, each Senator shall be entitled to receive eight dollars for every day he has at- tended or shall attend the Senate, and shall also be allowed eight dollars for every twenty miles of estimated distance, by the most usual road from his place of residence to the seat of Congress, at the commencement and end of every such session and meeting; and that all sums for travel already performed, to be due and payable at the time of passing this act.” It must be conceded that your mileage at this session, is governed by this act, unless the proviso before quoted should be ruled to apply. In my judgment that proviso has no application beyond the session of 1849-50, for the following reasons : The proviso is attached to ‘‘ the act to supply a deficiency in the appro- priation for pay and mileage of members of Congress for the present ses- sion.” The first section of that act are in these words: **That the sum of one hundred and sixty thousand dollars be, and the same is hereby appropriated out of any money in the Treasury not other- wise appropriated, for the payment of mileage and per diem of Senators, members of the House of Representatives and delegates in Congress at the present session; two thousand three hundred and “thirty dollars for addi- tional expense for stationary for members of the House of Representatives during the present session; Provided, That the mileage of the Senators and Representatives from California and the delegate from Oregon, be computed according to the most usual travelling route within the limits ot the United States; and the per diem of said Senators and Represen- tatives for this session, shall commence for the day on which the Consti- tution of California was first communicated to the two houses of Congress respectively.” It will be perceived, that the operation of the law is limited in the body of the act as well as in the title to “the present session.’? The act then being confined in its very terms to the dast session, the proviso to that act can only have an operation in point of time co-extensive with that of the law itself. This is the general and well established rule in the construc- tion of statutes, that if the operation of an act is limited therein to a spe- cified period, a proviso to that act must have a similar limitation, unless it is otherwise expressly declared in the proviso. This general rule of construction apples still more strongly to the an- nual appropriation laws of Congress, and with irresistible force to all an- nual appropriations for deficiencies. If, however, any doubt could remain as regards this question, it must be removed, on reference to the decision of the Supreme court of the United States, in the case of Minis versus the United States, (15 Peters, 423.) In that case, the question was, whether a proviso to an annual appro- priation bill of Congress was permanent in its operation, or expired with the termination of the year for which the appropriation was made. It was the unanimous opinion of the court that the effect of the proviso was tem- porary, and commensurate only as to time with the operation of the law. The views of the court on this point are given at pages 445-6-7, and would seem to be conclusive. The court say ‘ the argument on behalf “‘of the United States is, that this proviso although found in a mere appro- *priation law of a limited nature, is to be construed by reason of the words Enel 4 “<¢ or for any other service or duty whatsoever unless authorized by law,’ ”” to be permanent in its operation, and applicable to all future appropria- tions, where officers of the army are employed in such service or duty ; and that it appears from the record, that this was the very ground on which the Treasury Department rejected the claim of Doctor Minis for commissions. The same question has been made and fully argued in the case of Gratiot vs. the United States, at the present term, and we have given it our deliberate consideration. We are of opinion that such is not the true interpretation of the terms of the proviso; and that it is limited exclusively to appropriations made at the session of eighteen hundred and thirty-five. “Tt would be somewhat unusual to find engrafted upon an act making ‘special and temporary appropriations, any provision which was to have ‘a general and permanent application to all future appropriations. Nor ‘ought such an intention on the part of the legislature to be presumed, ‘unless it is expressed in the most clear and positive terms, and where “the language admits of no other reasonable interpretation. The office ‘‘ of a proviso generally, is either to except something from the enacting “‘clausé or to qualify or restrain its generality, or to exclude some pos- ‘sible ground of misinterpretation of it, as to extending to cases not in- ‘“‘tended by the legislature to be brought within its purview. A ‘general rule, applicable to all future cases, would most naturally be ‘expected to find its proper place in some distinct and independent en- “actment.”’ Indeed, that was a much stronger case than this, for in that case, the words used in the proviso might have been construed to give it a perma- nent operation. There are no such words in this proviso. On the con- trary, the words “during the present session,” immediately precede the proviso, and are directly connected with it, and to construe this proviso as permanent, is to violate the express language and manifest intention of the law and the settled rules of construction. In conclusion, I entertain no doubt, that if the question were beforethe Supreme court of the United States, it would be decided unanimously by that tribunal, upon the principles adopted by them in the case of Minis before quoted, that the effect of this proviso was temporary and limited by the operation of the act to which it was appended, and that as regards all future sessions of Congress, the mileage of the Members and Senators from California must be governed by the act of 22d January, 1818, until otherwise provided by law. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, (Signed) R. J. WALKER. OrricE oF THE SERGEANT-AT-ARMS, House of Representatives, March 3, 1851. I certify that the Committee on Mileage of the House of Representa- tives have unanimously reported as follows, in reference to the mileage of the members from the State of California : ‘“There having been no special provision regulating the mileage of the [1] “representatives from California, for this (second session thirty-first Con- ‘‘oress,) the committee are constrained to allow their mileage in con- ‘‘formity with the law of January 22, 1818. I accordingly so direct. ‘““The ‘most usually travelled road,’ appearing to be by Panama, their “mileage will be computed by that route. ** (Signed) GRAHAM N. FITCH, Marcu 3, 1851. “ Chairman Committee on Mileage.” In conformity with the above report, the following amounts have been allowed and paid : To Hon. G. W. Wright, (Stockton,) 7,013 miles. To Hon. Edward Gilbert, (San Francisco,) 6,853 miles. A. J. GLOSSBRENNER, Sergeant-at-Arms House of Representatives, U. S. alin siete 4 Or wryai Vyas jag v4 ie ee p mG / aad ih ih geht a ebay iy" Ding Ball oper: eUlicoaeliag yo ‘ef ate 35) era teal re tenon ow ‘tee \ . a P Lye hs ve WAIAY) ft ang ttt “oe Ty, vag’. «nosy am pO rai) as WY wpe ra 2 on A tea ¥ P ie ap ey aguet Grad AGHed Gut AE at Si ola td grunts mir Ae Oe et hile . ofr vy on bes ta Pee 608 ate Mew & ) eta Ae ame iy hs alceRa ian Ie Pakten eee oc uAliTh Rue bias “= ¥ i Pe { / vn Ff rs ef z 1 ie | 7, | e isi ayes we , : ‘lig Hil aS tar SpecIAL SEssIoN, [SENATE. ] EXEcurivE, March, 1851. No. &. REPORT THE SECRETARY OF WAR, In compliance with a resolution of the Senate, copies of the orders by which Brevet Colonel Plympton was assigned to duty according to his brevet rank, together with the correspondence in relation thereto. Marcu 1, 1851. Ordered to lie on the table. Marcu 7, 1851. Ordered to be printed. War DEPARTMENT, Vashington, February 28, 1851. Sra: In compliance with a resolution of the Senate of the 26th instant, { have the honor to submit herewith ‘‘a copy of General Order No. 47, ‘dated,27th December, 1850, issued from the War Department, by which ‘ Brevet Colonel J. Plympton, Lieutenant Colonel of the 7th Infantry, was ‘assigned to duty according to his brevet rank, whilst stationed at Jeffer- ‘son Barracks, and under which he was assigned to the command at that ‘post; together with all correspondence and other documents connected ‘with said order.” By virtue of this order, Colonel Fauntleroy, of the Ist Regiment of Dra- goons, was superceded in the command of that post. Both these officers are ‘in the line of the army ;’? Colonel Fauntleroy is senior by ordinary rank to Lieutenant Colonel Plympton, but the latter is superior by brevet rank, and consequently, in the view of the Department, when assigned to duty according to that rank, became the superior of Colonel Fauntleroy. The laws under which the abov e order was issued, were the 61st and 62d Articles of War. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, C. M. CONRAD, Secretary of War. Hon. Wn. R. Kine, President of the Senate. Pay 2 LIST OF ACCOMPANYING PAPERS. General Order, No. 47, December 27, 1850. Letter of Colonel Fauntleroy to the President, February 6, 1851, enclosing copy of Memorial addressed to the Senate by Army Officers at Corpus Christi, in December, 1845, on the subject of General Scott’s letter of November, 1845: and report of Senate Committee on the said Memorial, in March, 1846. Letter of C. M. Fauntleroy to the Secretary of War, January 19, 1851, en- closing letter of J. K. Barnes. Xemarks of Major General Scott on Colonel Fauntleroy’s letter, February 11-1858. Decision of the President and Secretary of War, upon Colonel Fauntleroy’s case, February 16, 1851. War DEPARTMENT, Adjutant General’s Office, Washington, December 27, 1850. GENERAL Orpers—No. 47. Brevet Colonel J. Plympton, Lieutenant Colonel 7th infantry, is as~ signed to duty according to his brevet rank while stationed at Jefferson Barracks, and will assume command of the post. By order, L. THOMAS, Assistant Adj. General. Wasuineton, D. C., February 6, 1851. To the Hon. C. M. Conran, Secretary of War. Sir:—I have the honor to enclose a letter to the President of the United States, on the subject of General Orders No. 47, dated ‘War De- partment, Adjutant General’s Office, Washington, December 27, 1850,”’ which I desire to forward through you, together with the copy of the me- morial from the officers of the army from Corpus Christi, in 1845. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, THOS. T. FAUNTLEROY, Colonel First Regiment Dragoons. 3 [1] Wasuineton, D. C., February 6, 1851. 7'0 his Excellency the President of the United States: Sin: I have the honor to state that, on the Sth ultimo, an order was received at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, in the following words and firures, to wit : War DEPARTMENT, Adjutant General’s Office. GENERAL Orpers—No. 47. Brevet Col. J. Plympton, Lieutenant Colonel 7th Infantry, is assigned to duty according to his brevet rank while stationed at Jefferson Barracks, and will assume the command of the post. By Order L, THOMAS. JAlssistant Ad}. General. At the time of its reception by Brevet Colonel Plympton, Lieutenant Colonel, 7th infantry, the undersigned was in command, and had been so, from the 21st day of November 18: 50, being the Colonel of the Ist Regi- ment of Dragoons, and senior to the above mentioned officer in the line 3 ot the army. By this order it will be perceived that I was superceded in command of the post, and compelled to be commanded in turn by my ju- mor. This the undersigned begs leave most respectfully to say, m his opinion, is illegal and unjust, and against it he desires to be allowed to re- monstrate. Deeming the order, as I am bound to do, as coming from the President of the United States, | am brought face to face as it were with this high functionary, in an attitude of complaint against “an act of his own. This cannot but subject me to much diffic ulty. Although I shall not be able however to divest myself of the embarrassment nec cessarily arising from that high respect which is due from an inferior officer of the gov einmient, and in the present instance most certainly entertained tow ards. the Chief Magis- trate and Constitutional Commander in Chief of the Army: I shall pro- ceed, trusting that the degree of my consideration will be estimated in ex- act proportion to the confide nce with which I present my Case. j object to. the order first, on the ground that it is irregular, as will ap- pear on its face, in omitting the name of the commander by whom it was given, (see par. ‘908 General Ree. of the Army, 1847.) By this Sauer in the case of the most ‘ordinary order that can come from the Adjutant General’s Office in the common routine of every day bu- siness, this fact must be made to appear on the face of the order, but when we know that this order should and could come alone from the President, the rule will not be rendered Jess important, as a regulation, but of infi- uitely greater moment to the officer affected, (see 62d Article of War.) This article i is law and not regulation, and eas the senior officer of the line, on duty in garrison, with rights that can only be divested by the Pre- sident himself. "The power here given is evidently out of the usual course of orders, and when exercised, it becomes of infinitely greater importance that the officer whose interests are involved should be fully advised of the source from which it proceeds. The words are used in the article applica- [1] 4 ble to this power, ‘‘ according to the nature of the case.’’ ‘The irresistible inference from this is, that circumstances are here alluded to, which may or may not exist, to make it necessary for the Executive interposition; and it requires no great force of imagination to discover, that when they do so ex- ist, that the dearest rights and interests of an officer may be implicated in the most serious manner, from the unavoidable and inevitable deduction, that it has been resorted to from real or supposed defects in the officer in command, and a higher degree of merit, on the part of the one advanced over him. Surely then, it can be but a small boon for an officer to be in- formed when thus dealt with, by whose hand he has been degraded, and it cannot on any plan of reasoning be thought that this rule should be adhered to in unimportant cases, and wholly disregarded when they assume a cha- racter of high importance. It is not one of the least difficulties which I have to contend in the present instance, in exercising the acknowledged right of an officer, that of respectfully remonstrating, when injuriously affected by the act of his superiors, that | am in truth, “inost paintully ignorant of the source from whence it ‘proceeded. I have said, I believed it came frore the President; this is merely technical. If by possibility it came from any other person, and that fact had been fully known to me, I should have regarded it as much as my commission was worth, to have yielded it obedi- ence. I should have considered myself as justly censurable, for yielding up my command under circumstances of manifest irregularity, and most assured- ly amenable to the 15th par. General Reg. of the Army, 1847. This is not a common case of brevet rank taking effect ipso facto, by the meeting of mixed corps on detachment or courts martial, I was in garrison and the law expressly gave to me the right to command unless otherwise directed by the President. He alone then can make the assignment and none other and by no possibility am I able to know this fact, so necessary to direct my duties, when the words “‘ by order’’ only are appended. The importance of this question cannot be placed i in a clearer point of view, than by calling to mind the contingent alternative, to which an officer may readily | be reduced in the most conscientious discharge of his duty, that of hazarding his com- mission and even his life, in maintaining his supposed rights under circum- stances rendered obscure, by the neglect to comply with rules made for the eovernment of the Army, i in the very quarter from whence they emanated ; wn actual step perhaps I have been only saved from by accidental prudence, or an habitual respect I have always taught inyself to cultivate towards or- ders generally coming from high sources. I might ask argumentatively who is meant by the “words by order ?”? There are several persons at Washington who can give orders. Do they mean the President? I know not by what rule of interpretation the necessary degree of certainty may be arrived at on this point. ‘They are not more definite with regard to the Secretary at War. We cannot say that the General Commanding i in Chief is aetidedly indicated thereby. And if perchance [I should guess the Ad- jutant General, there would be two to one against my being right. It was not antandied that an officer should be thus embarassed in any service, and much less, where an easy and convenient rule had been provided al- ready, and for that reason should be rigidly adhered to. That the President of the United States can alone make the assignment to duty on brevet rank, under the 62d Article of War, is as clear as the foregoing proposition. To prove this, it will only be necessary to advert to the invariable practice under laws similar in their provisions. When a 5 [i] law is passed by Congress, the President is required to sign it to make it valid; this can be done by no other and make the law valid. He has the power to veto a law—no other functionary can do this and invalidate a law. The power of appointment of officers to the army is given to the President; no other appointment would be effectual. The President can strike an officer from the rolls of the army ; it cannot be supposed that any one could be substituted for him in the exercise of this highly delicate au- thority. It is not unworthy of remark, precisely at this point, that no where is brevet rank made subservie ' to any officer connected with the army or under the government, save » President of the United States over and above them, the necessity for the President to exercise this power himself and none other, arising from the fact that the law s: ays so, (see 62d Article of War, par. 13 and 15, General Reg. of the Army 1847,) an argu- ment by no means insignificant may also be derived from the words used j in the Article of War itself, “ace ordine to the nature of the case.” An allu- sion is here evidently made to the existence of circumstances which may vary in their character, and call for the special pemeny and discretion of the Pre- sident ; and it may well be supposed that an officer whose rights were thus to be disposed of, would feel himself entitled to this special judgement and discretion. It is no disparagement to any one to say that an officer would feel his rights and interests more secure, under the a ision of the President than under any other officer of inferior grade. It is an irresistible inference that the law so intended and so construed it, when this pas was thus personally and speci ifically delegated. It is not improbable t oo, that pre- judices take root in the army and erow rank; and it is by no means’ won- derful that an officer who has secured to him by existing laws, the free and impartial judgment of the Chief Magistrate of the nation, upon points touch- ing his character, rank and honor, should be unwilling to trust his fortunes to the decision of a fatal bias, that perchance may have had its origin in the hot bed of controversial ec eneni , and be at least unfavorable to dis- passionate decision. It may well be imagined that the law was made _ to cuard against evils of this kind, and sure ly if there were none other to fear, this alone would be sufficient to vindicate its wisdom and foresight. As the dictum has been put out by an officer high in rank, that brevets are equal to commissions in the line, from which if true, it might be argued that assignment would be unnecessary by any one; I would beg leave to remark that if this proposition be me ‘ontrovertible, there would ‘be an end to all law on the subject and the 62d Article of War be waste paper. If brevets convey full, positive, potential rank, how is it that officers daily sit on courts martial in their own corps, and ieucis are wholly impotent, not contended for, not even discussed, as if by iy they could take effect there? This could by no means be the case brevet commissions were full and complete commissions, competent to ull purposes of military com- mand, and in this respect standing on precisely the same footing as in the British service. It has been also said and written by an officer high in rank, ‘ with respect to staff officers in the presence of seniors assionment by the common senior was necessary, (see Major General Scott’s letter to Ge- nera! Taylor, November 17, 1815.) This same officer has written, it is perfectly obvious from the whole structure of the article, (61st article,) that regimental officers’ brevets only are restricted, and that too only within the regiment or other established corps; (see letter to Secretary at War, February, 1827.) In the same letter, page 41, the following case is put: [1] 6 I will suppose General G. to be the Lieutenant Colonel of the corps of En- gineers, with his present rank of Major General by brevet, August 15, 1814, General Macomb is the actual Colonel of that corps, with the brevet rank of Major General, September 11, 1814. His name would therefore be printed above that of General G., the older Major General in the army by nearly a month. Let us further suppose that these officers are serving to- gether in that corps, and without admixture or junction of other regiments or corps; and that General G. should claim the command as being appoint- ed over or set over General Macomb in the army. The latter would im- mediately refer to the 61st Article, in which the case is expressly excepted and provided for, and reduce General G. to obedience within the corps.’ How, I respectfully ask, can this be law, and it certainly is law, and yet brevet rank be considered full, complete and unlimited, and effectual for all military purposes in the army at large ? I have, I humbly conceive thus far shown that this andes was irregular in form in not giving the name of the commander; and that the assignment should be by the President himself. If it was made b vy the President him- self, then my objections as far as I have gone, go only to matters of form ; and if not by that high functionary, ten® to neh substance of the order sad it was wholly illegal. Taking it for granted however, “that that was done which ought to have been done: 2 anid therefore the order was made by the President | himself, there yet remains a stronger and quite as palpable an ob- jection to it, in either point of view, going “to its entire substance, on the score of its illegal and oppressive character. It may be said f should not argue matters of form—matters of form are often as important to the erossest offender, as matters of substance. A man may justly deserve to be hanged, but no one will deny that he is enti- tled to be hung properly and according to law. It is just here that the line runs between well regulated and well administered law, and what js vulgarly called lynch law ; > and thus it is not very difficult to account why very many well disposed persons are betrayed into a resort to this violent remedy in extreme cases, from a too litle regard paid to form. But to the last and most important objection mentioned, and to which ]} most respectfully and most earnestly claim the Executive consideration. This order divests me of ny legitimate command illegally and oppressively, and in a manner [ feel per fectly confident was not intended by the Presi- dent. Did I for a moment feel otherwise, the last thing I would think of would be to present myself before him as I now do. This high and exalt- ed functionary I am fully persuaded, in time of profound peace, without any public exigency and where troops were stationed at a post not even on a hostile frontier, et iberately do an act not called for by any considera- tions of the public inte rest, and not justified under any, a single instance of military precedence, which voluntarily and eratuitousl y degrades an officer of the army, whatever might be the general low estimate he might be in- duced to make of him, by any evidence whatever short of the imputation of possible guilt. Thus when this order first reached my post, I hastened with all possible despatch to the seat of government, not doubting for one moment that definite charges had been filed against me at the War Depart- ment, or through some unknown channel, a mass of accusative information had been collected there, which had thrown upon me the blight of unques- tionable crime and atrocity; I was in some degree saved in my private character and feelings, when I found no such information had preceded me 7 [1] or the order, for had my suspicions been justified and the facts garnered against me, sustained by any just evidence, | was the rather prepared to tender my commission than elicit a more general exposure by fruitless ex- postulation or remonstrance. The military and official injury however re- mains in full force against me, so long as the order in question remains un- rescinded. I was in command of the post of Jefferson barracks by virtue ‘of my senior line rank, under the 62d Article of War, which directly in- yests me with that right, unless the President should specially direct other- wise according to the nature of the case. Is it mere imagination for me to suppose that the words ‘according to the nature of the case’? mean nothing? that thereby circumstances are not alluded to, which varying in their charac ter, may sometimes attach to a case making it necessary for the Executive interposition but without which his right to do would be incomplete. Can it be supposed for one moment that this clause was intended to give ‘unconditional power to the President to degrade an officer without cause and without consideration? It will not be so contended by any one. The converse of the proposition is then equally true and clear, that if the cir- cumstances should not be of a character to warrant his interposition he could not do so legally: without this construction of the article the power would un at once into the full power to strike an officer from the rolls without cause and without responsibility. Whatever may however, be the con- struction placed upon it, even if it should be deemed to cony ey the unhim- ited power to strike from the rolls of the army, my argument remains un- unpaired. The President cannot justly strike an officer from the armry rolls from mere caprice. I deny not the power but the right, no one will con- tend that he could do this act without cause and justify himself to himself ‘or his country. The act in my case is but one oe short of striking from the rolls. The difference is, in the one case the Commission is actu- ally taken away; and in the other the Commission is retained, but the sting is left to rankle in the feelings of the officer degraded. ‘The arrow is withdrawn in the latter case but the poison remains. Will it not be seen that all officers of the army, and every one who might know and contem- plate the case, will at once ask, ‘what was the nature of the case??? What caused this strong remedy? What has this officer done to warrant this high and ultimate power of interposition by the President given to him to meet extraordinary events arising in the public service and must be ap- plied only “according to the nature of the case? If nan it is admitted that he could not, and I am sure he would not do this act wantonly and c¢a- pric iously, will the President suffer me to remain under the stigma which unavoil: ibly attaches from an order that implies so much? It it should be argued, that the President would derive a general justifi- cation for the act in “the laudable motive of rewarding a gallant and meri- torious officer for services in the field, [ should reply, that whilst the bre- vet was introduced and applied for the high purposes of distinction to those who might deserve them, the law never intended, that by their application they should equally degrade those who were not fortunate enough to get them. I respect brevets greatly, and am willing to do them just honor whenever and wherever I ‘find them; but I cannot conceive that whilst I award to a deserving officer the high ‘merits which this distinction implies, { must acknowledge at the same moment, that I am in an equal degree hu- riliated and depressed. The law did not intend it so. The. practice has [1] 8 not been so. But the effect of this order is inevitably of such a nature, as to humiliate and degrade not actually from command alone, but im the gen- eral inferential estimate of my companions in service. ‘This order was given whilst I was in command: can there be a doubt but that its effect would be just as I state when it was not preceded by one of removal from the post? This would have been one of the easiest things in the world, and : 5 my character in some degree saved. It would even afterwards have been remediable, by a rescission of the order in question, before ordermg me from my post; but this has not been done, another injury has however still fur- ther been done me. I have been ordered to another post, to make room for my junior in rank whom I had commanded. The first order still re- mains and the imputation remains with all its consequences. I ask the Pre- sident confidently, to interpose his just power and authority in his high ca-~ pacity of constitutional commander-in-chief of the army -of the United States to relieve an officer from an odium which has been imposed without cause, and which if permitted to continue must render his commission com- paratively valueless. With sentiments of the highest respect, I have the honor to be your obedient servant, THOS. T. FAUNTLEROY, Col. First Regiment U.S. Dragoons. N. B. The attention of the President is respectfully called to a copy of the memorial of the officers at Corpus Christi sent to Congress in 1545, which is herewith sent. MEMORIAL FOR THE THE CONSIDERATION OF THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES.- To the President of the Senate : . Sir :—The undersigned, officers of the United States, feel themselves: imperatively called upon to present their opinions upon the subject of brevet rank, and respectfully ask that the same may be laid before the Senate of the United States, in order that the subject may be properly brought be- fore Congress, to the end that a question which has more or less agitated the army ever since the war of 1812, may be legally and finally put to rest. The immediate occasion we now have for presenting this to your attention may be seen in a letter from the Head Quarters of the army, under the di- rection of the Major General commanding the army, dated ‘¢ Adjutant Ge- neral’s office, Washington, November 17, 1845,” addressed to brevet Bri- cadier General Taylor, and which was printed ‘as a circular for the infor- mation of the army,” by order of the Major General commanding, on the 19th of November, 1845. Copies of this letter, it is presumed, may be had at the office of the Adjutant General of the army. ‘The letter appears to have been written in reply to certain questions on the subject of brevet rank, submitted by brevet Brigadier General Taylor, which seem to have been proposed with a view of obtaining the decision of His Excellency the President of the United States. The General-in-chief proceeds to say, that 9 eS the letter of General Taylor was “ promptly laid before the Secretary of War, for the consideration of the highest in authority; but that by desire of the Secretary of War, (he not having leisure at this time fully to exam- ine the question himself, ) the General-in-chief gives the following as his own general answers to the queries proposed by General Taylor; and then follows the answers of the General-in-chief, (see Appendix A.) We cannot avoid expressing our regret that the questions submitted by General Taylor, did not reach the “ highest i in authority,”’ for we are per- suaded that the unprejudiced and uncommitted mind of that hieh functionary, would have found ample reason to re-afhrm the decisions of his predeces- sors in office, and which have been, as we believe, invariably adverse to the opinions of Major General Scott. We know that the opinions of the late President Adams were of this character, and that a comprehensive and remarkably “lucid report upon this subject was made by General Porter, whilst Secretary of War, under the administration of Mr. Adams, adverse = the views of General Scott, which report was printed by order of the Se- nate or House of Representatives, and eh be found among the printed documents of Congress about the year 1828. We further know that Pre- sident Jackson in a formal order published to the army in the year 1829, decided the question of brevet rank, also adverse to the views of General] Scott; the principles of which decision contined for a time to govern the army, but they have been gradually, step by step, undermined and must now be regarded as abrogated, if the principles expressed in the letter of the 17th of November, 1845, are to be considered valid. We repeat that we deeply regret that the peculiar position of Major General Scott, with re- spect to the brevet question, did not restraim him from acceding to the ‘ de- sire of the Secretary of War,” and prevail with him to withhold from the army the expression of his “indivieual opinion, sustained as it is, by the weight of his authority and high character, upon this much controverted subject, in which he had been through a great part of his life an interested controversialist, which makes it impossib! e to suppose that his opinions can be unbiased, without regarding him as possessing a nature elevated above that of humanity. We believe that in common with the rest of the army, he might well have been willing to trust the decision of the question to the constitutional Commander-in- -chief of the army, and that it would have sustained his character for magnanimity, had he carefully and stu- diously abstained from forestalling and anticipating the decision of the Ex- ecutive. It is not our wish, however, to occupy your time by general reflections upon matters, which, however pertinent in themselves, may be regarded as collateral and aside from what we hope to exhibit as a clear argumentative view of the brevet question, and will therefore proceed at once to the merits of the question itself. In all the questions of controversy, where men are divided in opinion, there must be some point where men separate from a common ground of argument; and on a close examination this will always appear to be among conscientious men, either the misunderstanding of some fact or the misap~ prehension or misapplication of some principle. We expect to show with the utmost clearness, that the real ground of what we regard as the erro- neous views of Major General Scott, so far as those views assume the ap- pearance of argument founded on law, i is the assumption of a wrong princi- ple, one of the most erroneous and dangerous that has ever been discussed [1] 10 ‘among men; a principle which has been warred against ‘by the intelligence and liberty ‘of nations since the dawn of modem history ; a principle by which King John was brought into conflict with -his nobles, which «com- pelled him so far to relinquish it as to-sign the great charter regarded as the foundation of English liberty ; a principle in the struggle to support which, Charles I, was brought to the block; a principle the partial de- struction of en deluged ¥ rance with the blood of her people, and that is the principle of the despot, claiming to rule by Divine right, and regard~ ing itself as possessed of all power, except so far as in early ages it was restrained by the blind law of sii but which has been in more recent times, put under some pe by laws, emanating from the wisdom and Jove of liberty of the people. We find this principle stated in the letter of Major General Scott in the following few words, to wit: ‘All military rank, derived from law, must be equally valid, except so far only, as it may be restricted by law.” In these few words we see, indeed, that it is implied that military rank must be derived from law, which in this country is certainly true, but we see also that it claims for military rank, validity for all purposes, except se far as it may be restricted by law; and this is the despotic principle upon which. General Scott’s argument rests; thus placing in the foreground a false principle instead of that true one, congenial to the genius of pe gO- vernment, that all military rank is valid so “far, only, as made so by law, and not in so far as it is not restricted by law. To see the force of this, we appeal to the Constitution of ‘the United States, an instrument by which the people or the States have created, by a grant of powers, what we call the general government, the power of which is not valid where not restricted, but valid only so far as granted; all pow~- ers not granted being expressly reserved to the people or the States: and this principle appertains to every officer, both civil and military, created under the government, not one of whom has or can have, one particle of power which is not granted by law. General Scott infers upon his- principle, that brevet rank is valid to the full extent of lineal rank, except so far as it is restricted by the 61st, 63d and 98th Articles of War; but why he has confined the: extension of it to lineal rank he has not explained, which he should have done, since upon his principle, brevet rank must be equally valid in all the stalf corps of the Bray for in the Articles of War there is found ne restriction upon brevet rank forbidding those who hold it from claiming rank and consideration in these staff corps. If this be so, and General Scott’s principle be correct, there is no reason why not only brevet officers but line officers also, should not claim rank and consideration in all or any of the staff corps respec- sively ; 3 for even the 63d Article of War does not restrict line officers from assuming rank and consideration in the corps of engineers, but restricts the engineers from being subject to be ordered on any “duty bey ond the line of their immediate profession, except by special order of the President of the United States. What answer can be made to this other than by setting up the true principle in opposition to that of General Scott, to wit: that the officers of the various corps and departments of the army have such power and privileges of rank as are granted to them by law, and not such as those wherein they are not restricted by law; and how can it be pretended that brevet rank is exempt from the operation of this principle, or how can the assumption be defended that brevet rank is valid for all purposes except i [ay wherein it is restricted by law, instead of regarding it as a creation of statute law, and thus looking to the law itself to ascertain its rights and privileges? So far then from regarding the 61st Article of War (as General Scott does) in a negative light, as restrictive in its principle, it can only be considered as positive, and as containing within itself a grant of power and rights to brevet rank, and what is not therein, or in some other law, granted to brevet rank, it neither has, nor can have, under our free institutions. In order to show that the design of Congress, in the creation of brevet rank in our service was entirely in accordance with these, to us, clear prin- ciples, we have only to look at the history of the service. We shall see that Congress reserved to the Senate of the United States the power, and made it the duty also of the Senate, to advise and consent to the commis- sions of officers of the army, and this too where officers attained to rank even by regular succession upon the occurrence of vacancies. But they did not require during a period of many years this advice and consent of the Senate in the case of brevet commissions. This peculiarity cannot have originated in a disposition to clothe the President with powers to grant bre- vet commissions at pleasure, with the intention that brevet rank should be valid, as General Scott supposes, for all purposes except where restricted by law; and it can only be understood as implying the behef that brevet rank is chiefly an honorable distinction, the ite nce of gallantry, ability, or good conduct, and not possessing powers by which it would come into conflict with the advised and consented to commissions of other officers ex- cept under the direct sanction of law, as under the 6lst Article of War. When, however in course of time it appeared, as we suppose, that the distinguishing characteristic of brevet rank was somewhat obscured by the ‘too frequent ‘and indiscriminate grant of it by the President, the Congress of the United States saw fit to require that brevet Commissions, In common with all others in the army, should be submitted to the Senate of the United States, and this is now the law of the land. It cannot escape observation, that President Jackson and Secretary Por- ter, whose opinions have been referred to, had both been distinguished sol- diers, and that the former continued for several years a Major General in the army after the close of the war of 1812. President Jackson was inti- mately acquainted with the question of brevet rank, and no less acquainted with the feelings of the army upon the whole subject; neither had he ever been brought into collision with brevet rank in his own person, and must thus be supposed to have been in the most desirable condition to form an accurate and unbiased opinion in relation to that rank. ‘That opinion was, as already observed, the very opposite to that now published to the army by the Major General commandir ie, (see Appendix B,) which is a copy of the order i President Jackson, on the subject of brevet rank. It will be seen at a glance, that the principal portion of it has been almost literally transcribed intone General Regulations of 1841 for the army, as may be seen by a comparison of it with the 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th and 16th paragraphs of those regulations, and of which the 11th, 14th, 15th and 16th paragraphs are now designated for the information of the army by the Ge- neral-in-chief, as “more or less repugnant to law, and therefore so far null and void. The possible contingent. alternatives to which officers of the army may feel themselves reduced by these conflicting opinions and authorities of the highest officers of the government, compelling officers on both sides of the fa}. 12 question to assert their supposed rights at the hazard of their commissions, and if need be their lives, cannot fail to be of the most dangerous character, “prejudicial to good order and military discipline,’ if not threatening their entire destruction; and to this allusion, the undersigned would with all so- lemnity desire to call the serious attention of Congr ess, as a point of suffi- eient importance in itself to show the necessity for legislation upon this subject. It is not our design to enter into a minute criticism of the-details of the letter of the 17th of November, believing it to have been sufficient to have shown, as we think we have shown, that its main feature and leading prin- ciple, is a false one, wholly alien to the genius of all free gov ernments | that it is a despotic principle with which the reason and intellience of man has been in conflict for ages; but nevertheles we cannot help advert- ing to a remarkable Soateaghened on the face of the letter, which shows how completely the General-in-chief was blinded by his prec onceptions anil determinations. He sets forth that “paragraphs 11, 14, 15 and 16, in the General Regulations for the army, (1841,) are all more or less repugnant to the law of the land, and Piereione to that extent nu!l and void ;’’ and he undertakes to show ‘this, | vy claiming for officers holding staff sd brevet rank by virtue of their commissions, positive rights under ‘the Gist and 62d Rules and Articles of War. These rights, as he supposes, they are re- stricted in the exercise of, by those paragraphs of the Regulations for the army. And yet towards the close of his letter, he says, that “in respect to staff officers in the presence of seniors, assignment by the common se- nior is necessary, because to him it belongs to. say whether such officers may, without prejudice to staff duties and the rights of others, be assigned to the command of troops.’’ In other words, the President bs the United States cannot in General Scott’s view, restrict staff officers in the exercise of the rights they hold under the law, but a subordinate commander on a distant station, separated from all immediate appeal to the commander-in- chief, may peathiat those officers in the exercise of those same rights, and may det camame when they shall or shall not be assigned to the command of troops. We cannot close this communication, without remarking, that we fully appreciate and believe, we understand the real intention and importance of brevet rank, and that the noble emulation it may give rise.to mm the army, when properly regulated, is of mcalculable value. But when not properly, reculated, when rights and privileges are unlawfully added to the honors of that rank, making an unholy conjunction, the rank itself will be sought for under the influence of lowered, not to say degraded unpulses. ‘Those have little knowledge of human nature, who do not perceive, that just so far as an unworthy object can be sought for under the cloak of a noble one, the means employed in its pursuit, will by a necessary contagion, become adapted to the inferior object and take their character from it; and it is from this cause, as we believe, that some few have resorted to means and shifts to obtain the advantages of brevet rank, which men of unperverted feeling would not deign to use. By these remarks, we trust you will per- ceive ‘that we do not aim to destroy brevet rank, but to purify it, by elevating it to an honor possessing only lawful privileges, and divesting it of those xtrinsic advantages that have gathered around it by an unlawful war upon the proper rights and privileges of the line of the army. We believe this object would “be fully attained by a declaratory act of Congress, affirming 13 [1] that the rights of brevet rank shall be deemed to be valid, so fur only as they exist by positive grants of law, and no farther; adding that a de- tachment is a body of troops sent from the main body to perform a par- ticular service and to be absent for a limited time. We therefore submit for your consideration, and through you, for the consideration of the Con- gress of the United States, the propriety and necessity of passing such a declaratory act. It will be perceived that this communication has thus far a special refer- ence to the unlawful extension of the rights of brevet rank; but we desire to add that, in regard to the principles of the letter of the 17th of No- vember, on the subject of the staff, we feel called upon to express our dis- sent from the correctness of those principles. We have been accustomed for many years to regard what is called rank, in the organization of the Quarter Master’s department, as rank in that department, and so also the rank of officers in the Commissary and other departments of the army, has heen regarded as rank in those dep partments respectiv ely; and we are per- suanied ‘it was not designed by Congress to authoriae 4 the officers of those departments to exercise command in the line. The first encroachment by which the officers of the Quartermaster’s depart tment, since its establish- ment under present laws, began to consider themselves possessed of the night of command in the line, was in 1836, when an officer of that depart- inent was assigned to the command in the Creek country and subsequently in Florida. it was not until several weeks after the arrival of troops at this place, that an order was iS from the Major General command- ng the army (see general order No. 44, 1845,) assigning several officers of he Quartermaster’s department to duty with the army of occupation, con- ieetee a significant paragraph in the followi ing words: “they will be obey- ed and respected according to their rank in the army.” ‘This order on the face of it implies the promulgation of anew principle in regard to staff officers, as il their rank in the army had not hitherto been properly re- spected. The princip! es of the letter of the 17th November can leave no doubt as to the origin and purpose of that clause in the order referred to. The order that the officers of the Quarterm ister’s departinent are to be ‘“‘respected according to their rank in the army,” is now by the letter of the 17th of November, to be understood as a command that they are to be respected according to their rank in | the line of | the army. ‘The senior officer of that department now with us, a Colonel in the staff, micht de- clare that if his seniors in rank were to leave the army of occupation, he would assume the command, and this position we have a right to Suppose would be sustained by the General- ine hief, notwithstanding the 62d Arti- cle of War, which requires that the commanding officer shall have a com- mission ‘‘of the line.’’ What then has become of the distinction between the line and the staff recognized in all our laws, those passed during the war and subsequently ? (see ‘Cross’ laws, 1838.) Tt will be seen that where the legislation is for the “army of the nite d States,’ the act of Congress is so “ae fined as the act June 26, 1812,* in the 5th section of which the lines of artillery, light artillery, dragoons, riflemen and infantry are distinctly named. Sometimes the legislation is for ‘an additional military force,”’ as the act of January 0: 1813. Again, the legislation is for the “better organization of the * Vide, also sec. 12, act Marc? 29, 1814, gay 14 general staff of the army’’—as the act March 3, 1813, in which there ts no legislation for the line, the line not being mientieneae except where au- thority is given to transfer officers from the line to flee: staff, as in section. 4, &c. Occasionally we find acts of Congress for particular branches of the staff, as that of the 2d August, 1812, and that of February 8, 1815.. ‘The act of April 14, 1818, like that of March oe HOES ns fons regulating the staff of the army ;”’ and this act is iimmediately followed i in Cross’ laws. by the act of April 16, 1818, for ‘regulating the pay and emoluments of brevet officers,’’? which act is exclusively contined to that distinct class. of officers. A few years ago, and down to about the 17th of November last, the ex- pressions lineal rank; staff rank and brevet rank, had each a cane if not: a definite meaning, and it would have been as caraiieriall to undertake to. prove that a man is a man, or a horse a horse, as to attempt to. prove that lineal rank was one thing, staff rank another, and brevet rank still another ; but by the new principles just now communicated by the General-in- -chief, ‘for the information of the army,”’ those old distinctions are all broken up.. Brevet rank now means lineal rank, and staff rank is par excellence lineal rank, while lineal rank is neither staff rank nor brevet rank.. Whether it is wise to regard the line of the army (we use the expression in its old and familiar sense,) as a mere convenience for the staff corps or not, must be decided by the government of the country. Officers of the staff, by the late order and by the letter of the 17th November, may exercise command in the line, but in their own departments can elevate themselves, and say to the line, ‘“‘stand aside, we are better than thou; we-.can exercise com- mand in your branch of the service, but you must not presume to give an order in ours.” How many years it will require under the operation of these principles, A break down the line of the army, will be estimated differently according to meri’s sensibility to honor ; but the most dull and stupid must see that “the usual order of military organization is now to be reversed and the line of the army converted into an appendage to the staff. The wis- dom of Congress micht well consider the probable effect of this state of things upon the efficiency and character of the army, and by timely legis- lation prov ide against a consummation of evil in store for the country, un- der existing pretensions, orders and the letter of the 17th of November. The | Major General commanding, has in that letter, but just now announced the discovery, that the 11th, (4th, 15th and 16th paragraphs of the Gene- ral Reculations for the army, published by authority of the President of the U nated States, are more or less in conflict with law, and so far “ null and void.” If the General-in-chief is thus forward to declare to the army that the reculations of the President, the constitutional Commander-in-chief of the army, are null and void, he ought not to be surprised if he should find among his subordinates in the army, not a few who might be both able and willing to emulate his example and improve under his instructions, until his own orders and letters may be pronounced @Jlegal, null and void. To guard against this extremity we would respectfully suggest that the provisions of the 63d Article of War, omitting the first paragraph, might be extended beyond the Engineers so. as to include the other staff corps and departments of the army; as the undersigned cannot entertain a doubt was the intention of Congress in the organization of those corps and de- partments. We would in conclusion declare, one and all there has been no “ meeting 15 an for discussion’’ on the subject embraced in this communication, and neces sarily no opportunity for arranging the details or the manner of presenting it, so as to guard against the possibility of passages that might seem to be. exceptionable; and we therefore desire it to be distinctly understood, that we disclaim all intention of personality in affixing our signatures to this communication; and we emphatically declare that our only object is to present the subject in such form, as to awaken attention in the great de- liberative and legislative body of the nation, who have the power and we trust will see the necessity of legislating out of existence the causes of the present discontent in the army, which we are assured is on the increase and rapidly tending to disorganization. All of which is respectfully submitted. Corpus Curisti, December 12th, 1845. D. E. Twiaes, Colonel 2d dragoons. J. B. Toornton, Captain 2d dragoons. C. A..May, Captain 2d dragoons. Weed: Maer, Captain 2d ‘dragoons. H. Be Steet Adjutant 2d dragoons. A. Lowry, Ist Lieutenant 2d. dragoons Lewis Nerz, 2d Lieutenant 2d dragoons: Grorce T. Mason, 2d Lieutenant 2d ‘dragoons. Crocuan Ker, Captain 2d dragoons. Dexos B. a brevet 2d. lieutenant 2d dragoons O. F. Winsuip, Ist Lieutenant 2d dragoons. F. Hamitton, Ist Lieutenant 2d dragoons. JaMEs S. Woops, brevet 2d Lieutenant 2d dragoons.. RANDOLPH RiGee y. Ist Lieutenant 3d artillery. J.P. M’Cown, Ist Lieutenant 4th Artillery.. C.F. Smiru, Captain 2d Artillery. R. C. Smeap, Captain 4th Artillery. R. A. even Ist Lieutenant 2d: A rtillery. J. S. Hatueway, Ist Lieutenant Ist artillery. . B. Dantezs, Ist Lieutenant 2d artillery. rk Warns sonts, 2d Lieutenant Ist artillery. J. BANKHEAD Macrupver, Ist Lieutenant Ist artillery. R. B. Scutven, Captain 8th infantry. R.S. Gannet, 2d Lieutenant 4th infantry. M. Know ton, Ist Lieutenant Ist artillery. W. Sypyey Smirn, 2d Lieutenant Ist artillery. ‘Tomas J. Curn, brevet 2d Lieutenant Ist artillery. H. F. Crarx, Breyer : 2d Lieutenant 2d artillery. A. A. Gisson, 2d Lieutenant 2d artillery Cuarues G. Mercuant, brevet 2d Lieutenant 8th infantry. Epwarp Deas, Ist Lieutenant 4th artillery. A. B. Lansine, 2d Lieutenant 2d artillery. W. H. Fowter, Ist Lieutenant Ist artillery. WILLIAM Ginna, Ist Lieutenant 3d artillery. J. J. Reynoups, brevet 2d Lieutenant artillery. S. Mackenzie, Captain 2d artillery. Joun B. Scorr, Captain 4th artillery. bay 16 Henry M. Wurrine, 2d Lieutenant 4th artillery. D. H. Hirt, 2d Lieutenant 4th artillery. Tuomas W. WE LD, brevet 2d Lieutenant 1st artillery. Witiram Wuistter, Colonel 4th infantry. Joun Garuann, Lieutenant Colonel 4th infantry. Grorcr W. Auten, Captain and brevet Major 4th infantry. Joun Pace, Captain 4th infantry. Pircarrn Morrison, Captain 4th infantry. T. H. Porter, 2d Lieutenant 4th infantry. C. Hoskins, Ist Lieutenant and Adjutant 4th infantry. R. E. Cocurane, ist Lieutenant 4th infantry. Jenks Beaman, 2d Lieutenant 4th infantry. R. H. Granam, Ist Lieutenant 4th infantry. Sipney Smiru, 2d Lieutenant 4th infantry. Rozgert C. BucHanan, pea 4th infantry. P. A. Farratty, brevet 2d leutenant 4th infantry. Joun A. Ricuey, brevet 2d Lieutenant 4th infantry. Georce N. M’Catx, Captain 4th infantry. G. O. Hatier, 2d Lieutenant 4th infantry. C. H. Larnarp, Captain 4th infantry. S. D. Dossins, Ist Lieutenant 3d infantry. Grorce Sykes, 2d Lieutenant 3d infantry. BE. B. Hatroway, 2d Lieutenant 8th infantry. Avexanper Hays, Brevet 2d Lieutenant 4th infantry. H Carer: 2d Lieutenant 4th infantry. James M. Smiru, Ist Lieutenant 3d infantry. Henry Baiserrpes, Captain 3d infantry. WiiiaM 8. Henry, Ist Lieutanant 3d infantry. L. S. Crare, Ist Lieutenant 5d infantry. J. Van Horne, Ist Lieutenant 3d infantry. P. N Barsour, brevet Captain 3d infantry. D. S. Irwiy, hee et Ist Lieutenant and Adj. General 5d infantry. A. J. Winuiamson, 2d Lieutenant 5d infantry. W. T. H. Brooxs, 2d Lieutenant 3d infantry. J. J. C. Brss, Brevet 2d Lieutenant 5d infantry. Rosert Hazuirr, 2d Lieutenant 3d infantry. Georer C. M’Cietuan, Brevet 2d Lieutenant 3d infantry. D. CY Buet,-2d Tintern od infantry. Barnarp E. Ber, Brevet 2d Lieutenant 3d infantry. Grorce P. Fieip, Captain 3d infantry. D. T. Caanpuer, Ist Licntenaie 3d infantry. Joun Munrokg, Captain and Brevet Major 4th artillery. Joun F. Reynoups, 2d Lieutenant 3d artillery. James Duncan, Ist Lieutenant 2d artillery. J. F. Rotanp, Ist Lieutenant 2d artillery. J. P. Jounstone, Brevet 2d Lieutenant artillery. Braxton Brace, Ist Lieutenant 5d artillery. J. F. Irons, 2d Lieutenant Ist artillery. Joun J. Peck, Brevet 2d Lieutenant 2d artillery. W. Hays, 2d Lieutenant 2d Artillery. J.C. Pemserton, Ist Lieutenant 4th artillery. 1? re mt ied Grorcr H. Tomas, Ist Lieutenant 3d artillery. Arnoup Exxzy, Ist Tieatenant.” 2d artillery.. J.S. M’Inrosn, Lieutenant Colone! 5th infantry. F. SrannirorD, Major 6th infantry. Martin Scorr, Captain 5th infantry. M. E. Merrit, Captain 5th infantry. Ei. K. Smiru, Captain Sth infantry. A. 8S. Hoor, Captain 5th infantry. J. Lynpr, Captain 5th infantry. J. L. Tuompson, Captain 5th infantry. C. C. Ststey, Captain 5th infantry. Win. Cuarman, Captain “th infantry. A. Drane, Captain. Oth infantry. DANIEL Rugeles, Ast Lieutenant 5th infantry. J. H. Wurprte, ‘Ist Lieutenant 5th infantry. Wm. Roor, Ist Lieutenant 5th infantry. Crs. ST RPRENSON, Ist Lieutenant 5th infantry. N. B. Rosset, ie Lieutenant 5th infantry. J. A. Wirruaty, Ist Lieutenant 5th infantry. Gerorce Deas, Adjutant 5th infantry. S. H. Fowxrsr, 2d Lieutenat 5th infantry. Roserr L. Brooxr; 2d Lieutenant 5th infantry. Spencer Norvent,.2d Lieutenant, 5th infantry. Joun C. Ronrnson, 2d Lieutenant oth infantry. H. Wurtine, 2d Lieutenant 5th infantry. Pinkney Sucencut, 2d Lieutenant 5th infantry. M.-Rosecratyts, 2d Lieutenant 6th infantry. J. Smirn, Brevet 2d Lieutenant 5th infantry. I. G. Pircner, Brevet 2d Lieutenant Sth infantry. Jacon Brown, Major 7th infantry. EK. S. Hawks, Captain 7th infantry. Francis Ler, Captain 7th infantry. D. S. Mines “Canin 7th infantry.- S.-W. Moore, Captain 7th infantry. R. C. Garury, Captain 7th infantry. 'T. H. Hotmes, Captain 7th infantry. R. H. Ross, Captain 7th infantry. Hopson, Ist Lieutenant 7th innfantry.- .R. Scorr, {st Lieutenant 7th infantry. e N. Pace, Adjutant 7th infantry. I’. Garpiner, 2d Lieutenant 7th infantry. W. H. Woop, Brevet 2d Lieutenant 7th it ifantry. Owl iGreen, 2d Lieutenant 5d artillery. S. Kk. Dawson, 21] Lieutenant Ist artillery. D. P. Warrine, Captain 7th infantry. A. Crozer, Brevet 2d Licutenant 7th infantry. a H. Porrer 2d Lieutenant’ 7th infantry. . H. Hunmperr, Ist Lieutenant 7th infantry. Gantt, 2d Lie os nant 7th infant try. Tuomas Jorpan, 2d Lieutenant 3d infantry. EpmuNp epee Ist Licutenant 4th artillery. S. G.-Frevcn; Brevet’2d Licutenant artillery. — Ew 18 W. IH. Snorer, Ist Lieutenant, 5d artillery. A. Dounrepay, 2d Lieutenant Ist ar tillery. LL. N. Morris, Captain 3d infantry. di: C. M’Ferran, Brevet 2d Lieuterant 3d infantry. 1. A. Histonener, Lieutenant Colonel 3d infantry. M, M. Payne, Lieutenant Colonel, 4th artillery. a M’Kav ERT, Captain Sth infantry. si Bastconn, Captain 8th infantry. - P. Macray, 2d Lieutenant 8th infantry. 'T. L. Cuanzourn, 2d Lieutenant 8th infantry. Henry M. Jupau, eres et 2d Lieutenant Sth infantry. George Lincotn, Ist Lieutenant 8th infantry. J. Senpen, Ist Lieutenant 8th infantry. A. L. Suerparp, Ist Lieutenant Sth infantry. ADDENDUM. In order to put the question of the complete separation of the quarter- master’s department from the dine, beyond a doubt, so far as their commis- sions in that departinent are valid, reference must be had to the 9th section of the act of July 5, 1858, which is in the following words: ‘* And be tt fur- “* ther enacted, That the President of the United ies be, and he is hereby “ authorized by and with tlie advice and consent of the Senate, to add to ¥ the quartermasters department, not exceeding two assistant quartermas- veer s general, with the rank of Colonel; two deputy quartermaster’ S “ general with ihe ie of Lieutenant Colonel, and eight assistant quarter- ‘masters with the rank of Captain; that the assistant quartermasters now ‘in service, shall have the same rank as is-provided by this act for those Nesey authorized; and that the pay and emoluments of the officers of és ‘the quartermaster’s department, shall be the same as are allowed to ofh- ‘cers of similar rank in the 1 egiments of dragoons; Provided, That all ap- “pointments in the quartermaster’s department shall be made from the “army, and when officers taken for such appointments hold rank in the ‘line, they shall thereupon relinquish said rank and be separated from the ss “line of the army ; and that promotion in said department shall take place ‘as in regiments and corps.’ This section was qualified, so far as relates to Captains, by the third clause of the ey eee act of July 7, 1838, in the following words : “That so much of said act as requires assistant quartermasters sto. be sepa- ‘rated from the line, shall be, and the same is hereby repealed.” By this clause in the supplementary act, Captains who may be appointed in the « quartermaster’s department, under the authority of the 9th section of the act of July 5, 1838, are permitted to retain their previous commis- sions in the line, but the supplementary act does not extend the same privi- lege to the other officers (the Colonels and Lieutenant Colonels,) appointed under the same section of the act of July 5, and therefore, this being in full force with respect to them, they are required to be taken from the army, and if taken from the dine of the army, (thus distinguishing the line from the stalP corps and departments, ) they are required to “relinquish” the “rank”? in, and be “ separated frem the line of the army. Be the line, 19 can therefore what it may, the Colonels and Lieutenant Colonels of the quar- termaster’s department are absolutely, and without qualification, separated Jrom it, for this is the very language of the law itself. And further, with respect to their rank, as if to guard. against the possibility of misconstruc- tion, the Colonels of the department are declared by the 9th section above quoted to have, not the rank, pay and emoluments of Colonels of dragoons, but to have the rank of Colonel, (in the quartermaster’s department ot course,) and in another part of the section it is provided that they shall have the pay and emoluments of officers of s¢mz/ar rank in the regiments of dragoons; thus with the most pointed care, separating the rank from the pay of the dragoons, and it is the same with the Lieutenant Colonels of the department. On no pretence whatever, therefore, can these officers of the quarter- inaster’s department be assigned to command in the line by a ‘*common senior,’’ as General Scott supposes, and still less in the absence of a senior, can these officers decide themselves whether they may or may not, aes out prejudice to staff duties and the rights of others,’? assume the ‘ com- mand of troops” for this question is decided absolutely, by the 62d Article of War, against them. Corvus Curisti, December 12, 1845, APPENDIX As MAJOR GENERAL SCOTT’S LETTER ON BREVET AND STAFF RANK. Heap QuARTERS oF THE ARMY, JAldjutant General’s Office, Washington, November 17, 1845, Brever Bricaprer GENERAL TAYEOR, Srr:—In reference to your letter of the 10th October, 1845, on the subject of brevet rank, I am directed by the General-in-Chief to say, that he promptly laid it before the Secretary of War for the consideration of the highest in authority. In the meantime, and by the desire of the Sec- retary of War, (he not having leisure at this time fully to examine the question himself ,) the General- in-Chief gives the following as his own gen- eral answers to the queries you have presente “ds— «Paragraphs 11, 14, 15 and 16, in the “General Regulations for the Army,” are all, more or less, repugnant to the law of the land, and there- fore to that extent, null and void. See the Gist and 62d of the Rules and Articles of War, and also, ‘the custom of war in like cases’—a rule of construction given by Congress i in the 69th of the same articles. “¢ But it is fancehes held, that the repugnant paragraphs in question, were subsequently rescinded by the heading to the General List in each annual official Army Register since [S41. See that of the present year, page 28. That heading first inserted in the Register of 1842, was the well consi- dered act of the Executive.. By it, and the General List, the rank, pre- cedence and command of every commissioned officer in the army down to captains inclusive, ‘whether by brevet, former commissions, or otherwise,’ will be found to have been settled, annually, since [S41. “Any military rank (giving the command of troops) which enables an faq 29 officer to join in mixed duty with an officer or officers of any other perma- nently established corps (as a regiment, a corp of engineers, or the marine corps) is for that precise reason, ‘rank of the line of the army,” i in the lan- gauge of the 62d Article of War, as well as in accordance with the ex- press terms of the Olst (first part) and the Aeading of the General List in the Army Register. Hence brevet and former commissions, as well as mr litia commissions (on mixed duty,)gives rank in the line of the army. ** All military rank, derived from law, must be equally valid except so far only as it may be restricted by law, the only legal restrictions on mili- tary rank, known in the United States, are to be founda in the 61st, 63d and 98th Articles of War. In the 6lst, brevet and former ee are re- stricted in an officer’s own unmixed corps, and but for the 98th, any se- nior militia officer would, on mixed service, command all Junior regular ofh- cers of the same grade, ‘whether by brevet, former cominissions, or other- wise.’ No farther restrictions can be imposed except by the same autho- rity—the Congress of the United States. ‘The exception at the end- says Judge McLean, in delivering the opinion of the Supreme Court in the case of Wheaton vs. Peters, “instead of sanctioning an existing right, created it.” He says, further, with respect to the right of the government to demand copies, “No one can deny that when the legislature are about to vest an exclusive right -in the author or inventor, they have the power to prescribe the con- dition on which such right should be enjoyed.”’ [ 108 | 32 Tt is manifest, however, that inasmuch ag the law is intended to encour- age the production of books, no conditions should be annexed to it which would be onerous to publishers ; for such conditions would tend to defeat the very end proposed to be answered by the statute. ‘Too many copies should not therefore be required. In England at one time eleven copies were demanded. It was made to appear that the law, with such condi- tions, operated as a discouragement to the publication of expensive works ; it was, In Consequence, changed. Five copies are now required, and a sum of money amounting to £2,800 a year is paid by the government to the other six libraries, in compensation for the loss of the privilege which they previously enjoyed. The benefit of the deposit to the public is very great. It is universally allowed to be important for the interests of learning that in every country there should be at least one library where every book, pamphlet, or literary production of any kind, issued in the country should be carefully preserved. Now, it is utterly impossible to collect the whole in any other way than by making the deposit a condition to the vesting of the right of copy.* The advantage of the deposit to learning seems to have been the sole motive for its first introduction, and not, as is sometimes supposed, the censorship. Francis the first, of France, in 1537, gives as the ground for requiring a copy for the royal library at Blois, that these books ‘ will be veritable proofs of that praiseworthy restoration of letters occurring in our time through our diligence, care and labor, if - * and that recourse may be had to themif perchance the books should perish from the memory of man, or be varied from the true and original publication.” (See Renouard, Traité des Droits d’ Auteurs, T. i, p. 42.) No mention is made of their use for the purposes of the censorship, which, indeed, must be exer- cised before the printing of the book, and not afterw ards. In another ordi- nance of the same year, explanatory to the one above cited, the king expressly declares, that it was not intended to affect the censorship i in any way ; and again, in an ordinance of 1538, appointing Nicobar, Greek printer, it is ordered that “a copy of every book printed shall be deposited i in the royal library, to the end that should any calamities befall literature, pos- terity might there find a resource for repairing, in part, the loss of books.” (Renouard ut sup.) ‘The legal deposit, it is manifest, had its origin in an enlightened regard for learning, and not in any odious restrictions upon the liberty of the press. * This eee is eect W ith great at ability by Peomece: Libri in a letter to the chairman of the committee of the House of Commons on public libraries, dated May, 1849. The following extracts deserve particular attention. They occur ina work but rarely to be found - in this country, and are strikingly appropriate and convincing. I hope, therefore, that I shall be excused for inserting them, notwithstanding their great length. (See report of the House of Commons on public libraries, for 1849, page 118 ‘to 120. ) «« AsT have already stated in my evidence, in my opinion, and as all educated men agree, it is necessary that in a great country there should be at least one library in which one may expect to find, as far as it is possible, all books which learned men, men who occupy themselves upon any subject whatever, and who cultivate one of the branches of human knowledge, may require to con- sult. Of these there is nothing useless, nothing ought to be neglected ; the most insignificant in appearance, those which on their publication have attracted the least attention, sometimes become the source of valuable and unexpected information. «You know better than me, sir, that itis in the fragments, now so rare and precious, of some alphabets, of some small grammars published for the use of schools about the middle of the fifteenth century, or in the letters distributed in Germany by the religious bodies commissioned to collect alms, that bibliographers now seek to discover the first process em- ployed by the inventors of xylography and of typography. It is in a forgotten collection 33 t 108 J It follows, then, from the facts and considerations which have been pre- sented, that one copy of every book should be demanded of its author to be reserved in some public national library, both for his own sake and for that of the public. The legislature have the undoubted right to demand several copies as a condition to the granting of an exclusive right to the publioa- tion and sale of the book, provided that they do not demand so many as to impose a burden upon the publisher, and thus discourage instead of encour- age the publication of books. The interest of the author and of the public (whieh when rightly understood can never be at variance) may alike require that more than one copy should be thus deposited; for if but one be deposi- ted, and that be destroyed by fire or other casualty, the benefit of the deposit would be lost. It ought to be remarked further, that the exacting of copies by the gov- ernment implies an obligation to preserve them carefully, and to make them subservient to the purposes, both public and private, for which the deposit is made. In this respect our own copyright law is defective. It requires the book to be deposited within three months after its publication, in the office of the clerk of the district in which the author resides. It also directs the clerk to transmit the copy to the State Department at Washington. It makes, however, no provision for the transmission, and it establishes no supervision. The consequence is, that not more than one half of the books for which copyrights are secured in the country ever reach the State’ De- partment, and no record is transmitted when the books are not sent. Those books which are received are now kept in a room by themselves. They are, however,lent out to persons connected with the department; they are not properly recorded ; no stamp is placed upon them for their identifi- cation ; no catalogue is kept of them; they are not accessible for general use. Thus the benefit to the public is almost entirely lost. The supreme court has decided that the deposit of the copy in the State Department is essential to a valid title ; but in case of the loss of the cer- tificate, the author has no certain means of establishing his claims. The benefit to the author is therefore lost (as in the case of Wheaton) or liable to be lost, though he may have fulfilled all the conditions of the law. The requirement of a copy of every book and other article for which a copyright is secured, for the Smithsonian Institution, and also for the library of Congress, is made in the tenth section of the act of Congress establish- of indifferent plates published at Venice, by Fausto Verantio, towards the end of the six- teenth century, that an engineer who interests himselfin the history of the mechanical arts, might find the first diagram of iron suspension bridges. «Nothing should be neglected; nothing is useless to whoever wishes thoroughly to study a subject. An astronomer who desires to study the motions pecculiar to certain stars, requires to consult all the old books of astronomy, and even of astrology which appear the most replete with error. A chemist, a man who is engaged in the industrial arts, may still con- sult with profit certain works on alchemy, and even on magic. s'ei0.0 0306's, <,al8 sqacerore|| LITER LOOSE cvalesvsherere'ssny0'<) cued ele wale arcrnre ore gtarerciarene aveveisiole Louisiana .: <<.6. cc es ves eke BLOfscH OLSHEY «i estas o16, sa.) onesrelsieiel ciataiel erases atelejechdiclers aie PG OUUUGH Vict ates. crag bce sid) siakis-o'a ors Prof. Mather (reconnaissance only)......+, aise efevepeiciale Ohio iis 38 « Sia! sioleiereietere:< seeiee ee LOLs Wat NCTE Mr stests ese le stavete selcier caterer cis shee levee cielelohersiars ERGIANS 3 oe a6c wie 'si0.0 +0 erect ~s»| Dr. D. D. Owen (reconnaissance)... .ccesccecscvesiveaie Missouri...... Btafclelefenersieia: set cicla ce lio(a sieve) siuerelsrs) wisse.ete'sic.e 6 sieeveyers ai afaletatetefesets senicieie toate sisie'aiale MICHIGAN fe cfo's ain'si0.6\ oalsieie vieie ....| Drs. Houghton and Jackson; Messrs. Fosterand Whitney. IWMOISIN ES sis oe.0 sisieie e sie srerarers eels Drs NOrWOOdi...c ci sisiesiencic were cle ws sceleteiaicvne efete a eiseta ofepete SWVAIRGOMSINI 1. «cr tice. sieleic.e's o'sieiere’s Drs Ds D. Owen's, see sis osis cote eierelesie sh afel ei ouaeatel Sforereicle MEU ESOLEsi 60 viclels o'c cxe's «sis ae ite Ts Ds OWeNue a ocmeces Sidi slol ef stele) 6 oeysie orelaieletanstate re ROWS ccssces sid selaieietate Sreferecek erates Day D) sul)? OW OMe staieiere arcisiaie sions o sree aiereiee a sielaielelelslsierate ° ORAS teisiciersreretsisiers! sraia'e.)s sieicceidavs Dr. Ws ROCMer acs w an scice « « areertete aolelesels slates erste vetaterernis Explorations by individuals.—At the request of the superintendent of the coast survey, Professor Agassiz last winter visited the reefs of Florida, for the purpose of making such examinations of the coral formations as might furnish information of use to the survey. In this. he was highly successful, as well as in the secondary object of making collections of natural history. Many new species of animals were added to the Ameri- can fauna, especially of invertebrata, as annelida, &c. Numerous fishes were also obtained, including several undescribed, and in a species of Sperodactylus the presence of the reptilian family of geckotyd# was for the first time determined in the United States. The geological results will be published as an appendix to the report of the superintendent of the coast survey for 1861. Mr. L. F. Pourtales, while engaged on coast survey duty in Florida, paid especial attention to the radiata, and procured many species, some of which he has kindly presented to the Institution. Among them are Holo- thuria, Synapta, &c. Mr. W. Stimpson, of Boston, last summer visited the coast of Maine, and made important collections in zoology. Many new species of mol- lusea, radiata and annelida were obtained, and the existence of Myzine substantiated for the first time in North America, by the acquisition of sey- [ 108 J 56 eral species of this remarkable genus of fishes. Mr. Stimpson has since published some of his results in a special work. ‘This gentleman is now with Professor Agassiz in Charleston, actively engaged in developing the natural history of the southern coast. Lieutenant J. D. Kurtz, of the engineer corps, has also been active in procuring specimens of the recent and fossil shells of the coast of South Carolina. ‘To him the institution is indebted for a fine collection, embrac- ing most of the recent species, one hundred and ninety-four in number. Dr. T. M. Brewer and Horace Storer, esq., of Boston, spent some weeks in New Brunswick last spring, engaged in collecting the birds with their eggs, as well as other animals of that region. The geographical distribu- tion and habits of many of the former were finally settled by these gen- tlemen. Colonel McCall, inspector general United States army, while on duty in New Mexico and ‘Texas, made important additions to our knowledge of North American birds. He has since published a valuable report on the subject, in the Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences. Captain McCown also procured many species of birds additional to our fauna, which have been described by Mr. Lawrence. Mr. J. A. Lapham, of Milwaukee, Dr. De Haas, of Wheeling, and Wm. Pidgeon, of Iowa, have all been successfully engaged in exploring the mounds of the west. I do not, of course, pretend here to give a complete record of all explo- rations, either by individuals or governments. Many others, no doubt, have been made, which have not come to the knowledge of the Institution. Still, if future reports of this kind be desired, pains will be taken to render them much fuller and more accurate than the present. APPENDIX B. LIST OF FOREIGN INSTITUTIONS TO WHICH VOLUME TWO OF SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWLEDGE HAS BEEN SENT. ' SWEDEN. Lund—University Library. Stockiolm—Kongliga Sy enska Vetenskaps Akademien. Vitierhets Historie och Antiquitets Akademien. Upsala—niversity Library. Société Royale des Sciences a U Ipsal. NORWAY. Bergen—Bergen’s Museum. Christiania—The University Library. ICELAND. Reykjvik—islands Stiftisbokasafn. 51 r 108 | DENMARK. Ged een eeonvelive Nordiske Oldskrift Selskab. Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Kongelige Bibliothek. RUSSIA. Dorpat—Observatoire Impérial. Moscow—Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou. St. Petersburg—Académie Impériale des Sciences. Imperial Public Library. Administration Impériale des Mines. Pulkowa—Observyatoire Impérial. HOLLAND, /Almsterdam—Académie des Sciences. Haarlem—Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen. Leyden—University Library. Musée d’Histoire Naturelle. Middleburg—Zeeuwsche Genootscap der Wetenschappen. Rotterdam—Bataafsch Genootschap der proefondervindelijke Wijsbegeerte. Utrecht—Utregtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. GERMANY. Berlin—Koniglich-Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Kénigliche Bibliothek. Kénigliches Museum. Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde. Bonn—University Library. Bremen—Stadt- Bibliothek. Bonn—K. L. C. Akademie der Naturforscher. _ Dresden—Konigliche Bibliothek. Erlangan—Univ ersity Library. Frankfurt am Main—Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Freiberg—Knigliche-Sachsische Bergakademie. Freiburg—Unive ersity Library. Giessen—University Library. Greifswald—University Library. Goettingen—Knigliche Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. University Library. Halle—University Library. Hamburg—Stadt-Bibliothek. University Library. Hanover—Royal Library. Heidelberg—University Library. Jena—University Library. Karlsruhe—Gr ossherzoglic he Hofbibliothek. Koenigsberg—University Library. Leipzig—Stadt- Bibliothek. University Library. Kénigliche Sachsische Gesellschaft. Fiirstliche Jablonowski ’sche Gesellschaft. [ 108 7 58 Marburg—Gesellschaft zur Beférderung der Gesammten Naturwissen- schaften. University Library. Munich—Koniglich Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Kénigliche Hof-und Staatsbibliothek. Prague—University Library. K6nigliche Bohmische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. Béhmisches Museum. Pesth—University Library. ~ Ungarische Gelehrte Gesellschaft. Stuttgart—Konigliche Oeffentliche Bibliothek. Verein fiir Vaterlandische Naturkunde. Tiibingen—University Library. Vienna—K. K. Akademie der Orientalischen Sprachen. Kaiserliche Hofbibliothek. University Library. Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften. K. K. Naturalien Kabinet. Wiirzburg—University Library. BELGIUM. Bruges—Société des Sciences Naturelles. Bruzxelles—Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts. Observatoire Royal. Gand—University Library. Liege—Société Royale des Sciences. Louvain—Université Catholique. FRANCE. Jngers—Societé d’ Agriculture, Sciences et Arts. Bordeaux—Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts. Société Linnéenne. Caen—Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres. Société Linnéenne de Normandie. Dijon—Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres. Lille—Société des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts. Mende—Société d’ Agriculture, Commerce, Sciences et Arts. Lyon—Société d’ Agriculture, d’ Histoire Naturelle et des Arts Utiles. Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts. Société Linnéenne. Marseilles—Académie des Sciences, Lettres et Arts. Metz—Académie Nationale. Montpellier—Société Archéologique. Orleans—Société des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts. ‘ Paris—L’ Institut de France. Societe des Antiquaires. Asiatique. «« de Géographie. sé Géologique de France. © Francaise de Statistique Universelle, 59 [ 108 J Société Philomatique. «© de I’Ecole des Chartes. Bibliotheque Nationale. Bibliothéque du Jardin des Plantes. L’ Institut Historique. L’Ecole des Mines. Société Ethnologique. Bibliothéque de la Ville de Paris. Société Nationale et Centrale d’ Agriculture. Ministére de la Marine. Strasbourg—Société des Sciences, Agriculture et Arts, du Bas Rhin. Académie des Sciences Naturelles. Toulouse—Académie des Sciences, Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. SWITZERLAND. Basel—Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Antiquarische Gesellschaft. Bern—Schweizerische Gesellschaft fiir die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften. Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Geneve—Société de Physique et d’ Histoire Naturelle. Neuchatel—Société des Sciences Naturelles. Zurich—Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Gesellschaft fiir Vaterlindische Alterthiimer in Zurich. ITALY. Bologna—Istituto delle Scienze ed Arti Liberali. Catania—Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali. Florence—Accademia del Cimento. Biblioteca Magliabecchiana. Lucca—Reale Accademia Lucchese di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. Milan—Biblioteca Brera, Imperiale Regio Instituto Lombardo di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. Modene—Societa Italiana delle Scienze. Naples—Reale Accademia delle Scienze, e Belle Lettere. Padua—Imperiale Regia Academia di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. Pisa—University Library. Palermo—Royal Academy of Sciences. Rome—Accademia Romana di Archeologia. Biblioteca Vaticana. Accademia Pontifica dei Nuovi Lincei. Turin-—Accademia Reale delle Scienze. Venice.—Biblioteca Marciana. PORTUGAL. Lishbon—Academia Real dos Sciencias. SPAIN. Madrid—Real Academia Espanola. a eS de la Historia. Academia Real de Ciencias. [ 108 | 60 GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. Belfast—Natural History and Philosophical Society. Cambridge—Cambridge Philosophical Society. University Library. Observatory. Penzance—Royal Geological Society of Cornwall. Dublin—Dublhn University Philosophical Society. Royal Irish Academy. Library of Trinity College. Edinburg—Royal Society. Royal Scottish Society of Arts. Reyal Observatory. Library of Faculty of Advocates. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. University Library. Wernerian Society of Natural History. Glasgow—University Library. Greenwich—Royal Observatory. London—Royal Society. ‘* Astronomical Society. ‘« Asiatic Society. *< Geographical Society. ‘¢ Institution. Society of Antiquaries. Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Com- merce. Linnean Society. Geological Society. Institution of Civil Engineers. Zoological Society. Entomological Society. Statistical Society. Microscopical Society. Ethnological Society. British Archeological Association. British Museum. Library of the House of Commons. Horticultural Society. Chemical Society. Archeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Board of Admiralty. Library of the Hon. the East India Company. College of Physicians and Surgeons. British Association. Leeds—Philosophical and Literary Society. Manchester—Literary and Philosophical Society. Oxford—Bodleian Library. Radcliffe Observatory. St. Andrews—University Library. 61 [ 108 | GREECE. Athens—University Library. TURKEY. Constantinople—Library of the Sultan. AFRICA. Grand Cairo—The Egyptian Society. Liberia—Government Library. ASIA. Allahabad—Mission College. Batavia—Bataviaasche Genootschap yan Konsten en Wetenschappen. Bombay—Royal Asiatic Society. Geographical Society. Calcutta—Asiatic Society. Ceylon—Asiatic Society. Hong Kong—Asiatic Society of China. Madra s—Literary Society. Manilla—Royal Economical Society of the Phillipine Islands. WEST INDIES AND SOUTH AMERICA. Bogota—Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais. Caracas—Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais. Habana—Real Sociedad Economica. Rio Janeiro—Imperial Brazilian Historical Society. Chili—Government Library. APPENDIX C. LIST OF ADDITIONS TO THE MUSEUM OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DURING THE YEAR 18951. 1. Box of Coals from the Island of Formosa. From the State Department. 2. Slab of Itacolumite or flexible sandstone, from the province of Minas Geraes, Brazil. From Charles De Selding, Esq. 8. Two boxes containing specimens of European birds, reptiles, fishes, &c. From I’. Sturm, Esq. 4. Skull and horns of Elk (Elaphus canadensis) from Bear river, Utah. Saddle used by Columbia river Indian women. From Major O. Cross, U.S. A. 5. Keg of fishes from Constantinople. From Hon. Geo. P. Marsh. 6. Fossil wood from great falls of the Columbia. Sedimentary deposits from Mineral Springs in Utah. From Major O. Cross, U.S. A. 7. Reptiles from California and Oregon. From Dr. A. J. Shilton, 8. Tooth of Fossil horse, from Ohio. Fossil Cyathophyllum, Dover, Tenn. From Leo Lesquereaux, Esq. 9, Cast of Palzotherium Prouti. From Dr. H. A. Prout. 10. Skull of Chamois, (Capel/a rupicapra) and of Roebuck, (Cervus capreola-) From Wilhelm Heine, Esq. [ 108 | 62 | 11. Dress and equipment of an OQorang Kayah or Bornese Warrior. From Hon. J. B. Balestier. 12. Specimens of Otsego Bass, (Coregonus Otsego.) From Daniel B. Boden, Esq. 18. Collection of plants from Hungary. Specimens of Oecsirus Columbacsensis. From Arthur Schott, Esq. 14. Five skulls and horns of deer, (Cervus virginianus.) From J. S. Bowman, Esq. 15. Gold and cinnabar ores from California. From 16, 17. Two kegs of fishes from the Ohio river at Cincinnati, Ohio. From S. F. Baird, Esq. 18,19. Two kegs of fishes, reptiles, &c., from Racine, Ohio. From Dr. P. R. Hoy. 20. Fossil bones from cave near Danville, Ky. From Prof. G. C. Schaeffer. 21. Fossil wood, from Lebanon, Ky. From Prof. G. C. Schaeffer. 22. Skeletons of elk (Cervus canadensis) and of fallow deer (Cervus dama) from Colonel Tuley’s park, Clark Co., Va. From Dr. C. B. R. Kennerly. 23. Collection of fish, reptiles, invertebrata, &c., from near Charleston, S. C. From Chas. Girard, Esq. 24. Fishes and reptiles from French Creek, Pa. From Prof. L. D. Williams. 25. Fishes and reptiles from Jamaica. From Prof. C. B. Adams. 26. Reptiles collected in California. From Dr. J. L. Le Conte. 27. Skeleton of California vulture (Cathartes Californianus.) From Dr. J. L. Le Conte. 28. Fishes from river St. Lawrence. From Dr. F. B. Hough. 29. Eggs of guillemot. From W. B. Blaney, Esq. 30. Specimens of Menobranchus, &c., from Lake Erie. From R. K. Winslow, Esq. 31. Skin of bighorn (Ovis montana) male, and skull of female, from the Upper Missouri. From the Hon. J. Butterfield. 32. Fishes, &c., collected at Cooperstown, N. Y., Coxsackie, &c. From S. F. Baird, Esq. 33. Fossil vertebrata from the Mauvaises Terres; skulls of wolves; skin of bighorn, (Ovzs montana.) From Capt. S. Von Vicet, U. S. A. 34. Fossil infusoria from Bermuda, &c. From Professor J. W. Batley. 35. Jaws of Searus. From Fletcher Stayman, Esq. 36. Cast of bones of fossil seal, from Riehmond, Va. From Dr. J. Wyman. 37. Antlers of reindeer, (Tarandus hastalis,) from Isle Royal. From Col. J, W. Foster. ° 38. Fishes from the vicinity of Reading, Pa. FromS. F. Baird, Esy. 39. Specimen of “ fish with legs,’’ (Stredon lichenoides,) from near SantaFé. From Dr. J. Leidy. 40. Reptiles collected in Florida. From Prof. J. W. Bailey. 41. Fossil specimen of capelin, (Mallotws,) in clay nodule, from the Ottawa river. From W. E. Guest, Esq. 42. Fishes from Ogdensburg, N.Y. From W. E. Guest, Esg. 43. Specimens of reptiles. From Prof. E. Emmons. 44. Keg of fishes from Florida. From Prof. L. Agassiz. 45. Specimen of Spanish mackarel, (Cybivm maculatum,) from the Potomac river. 46. Horns of Elk, (Cervus canadensis,) trom Clearfield co., Pa. From Prof. S. S. Halde- Mans 47. Keg of reptiles, fishes, &c., collected along the Nile, From the Hon. Geo. P Marsh. 48, Specimen of Indian cloth from a mound in Ohio. From Col. J. Ws Fosters ' 63 [ 108 J 49. Specimen of horned frog, (Phrynosoma cornuium) from Arkansas. From Colonel Swords, U. S. A. 50. Four cases of reptiles, fishes, mammals, &c., from Greenland and Denmark. From Schach Steenberg, Esq. 51. Two kegs of fishes from Racine, Wisconsin. From Dr. P. R. Hoy. 52. Indian pottery from near Ogdensburg, N. Y. From Wm. E. Guest, Esq. 58. Remains of Mastadon, frora Gloucester, Va. From Rev. Chas. Mann. 54. Remains of Mastodon, from Gloucester, Va. From Capt. Marchant. 55. Specimen of Pelamzis from Siam. From Hon. J. B. Balestier. 56. Specimens of fishes from Moosehead Lake, Me. From Chas. Girard, Esq. 57. Duplicates of the Bonaparte collection of European reptiles and fishes. From the Academy of Natural Sciences. 58. Reptiles and fishes from Madrid, N. Y. From E. O. Dayton, Esq. 59. Minerals from New Brunswick. From Prof. Chipman. 60. Specimens of “ Lewetscus pygmaeus?’ Dekay, from Rockland co., N. Y. From Jno. G. Bell, Esq. 61. Specimens of Hippocampus from Norfolk, Va. From Charles Lanman, Esq. 62. Keg of fishes and invertebrata from Key West, Florida. From L. F. Pourtales, Esq. 63. Three boxes Geological specimens, collected by Dr. D. D. Owen. From the Hon. J. Butterfield. ; APPENDIX E. REPORT UPON SOME FOSSIL MAMMALIA AND CHELONIA, FROM NEBRASKA. By Joseru Lerpy, M. D. Professor Henry, Secretary Smithsonian Institution : Dear Sir: At your request I have prepared the following brief report upon the fossil remains of remarkable Mammalia and Chelonia of Nebraska Territory, a collection of which was transmitted to me by the Smithsonian Institution for investigation and the preparation of a special memoir. -The fossils were obtained in that portion of country known to the hunters and trappers under the name of ‘Manvaises Terres,” or “ Bad Lands.”’ They were collected principally by Mr. Thaddeus Culbertson and Captain Stewart Van Vliet, U. S. A., and were procured for the cabinet of the Smithsonian Institution through the untiring zeal of Prof. Baird. The characters of the remains indicate the locality from which they were derived to be an extensive lacustrine deposit of the eocene period. The Mammalian remains consist of one existing genus, Rhinoceros ; one genus known only as extinct, Paleotherium ; and seven genera, Archeo- therium, Paleotherium, Oreodon, Merycoidodon, Eucrotaphus, Agrio- cherus and .Arctodon, which are new to Paleontology. The Chelonian remains consist of the two existing genera Testudo and Emys. Of Rhinoceros there are two species: : 1. Rutnoceros Nepraskensis, Leidy: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences of Philadelphia, vol. v. p. 121. A species about the size of the R. minutus, [ 108 ] G4 Cuvier. Established upon the greater portion of a face and lower jaw containing all the molares. There were also in the collection several frag- ments of jaws with teeth, and an entire ‘tibia, of several other individuals of the same species. 2. Ruiwoceros occipentTauis, Leidy: ib. 119, 276. A species little more than half the size of R. indicus. Founded upon a fragment of the lower jaw with the posterior molar tooth, fragments of nine superior mo- lares, two entire inferior molares, and fragments of several others. Of Paleotherium three species are indicated : 1. Pataxotuertum Prouti, Owen, WVorwood and Evans: ib. 66; Leidy: ib. 122. This is an enormous species of Palwotherium far sur- passing any previously described, and approaching the elephant or mastodon m size. It was first discovered and described* by Dr. Hiram A. Prout of St. Louis. The specific name was incidentally given as above referred. 2. PaLmorHEeRIuM Barrpu, Leidy: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. v. p. 122. A species about two-thirds the size of Paleotherium crassum, Cuvier, established upon a cranium with a portion of the face containing the true molares; and all the superior and inferior molares with portions of the jaws of a second individual; and several fragments of a lower jaw of a younger individual. The species is named in honor of Prof. S. F. Baird, of the Smithsonian Institution. ARCHOTHERIUM is a remarkable genus of Pachydermata, which, as since ascertained by the inspection of a fragment of a face containing several true molares, in the possession of Dr. David D. Owen, of Indiana, is Closely allied to Hyracotherium, Owen. Arcu®oTHERIUM Mortont, Leidy: ib. 92. This species was founded on a fragment of a face containing the third and fourth premolar and the alveolus for the first true molar of the left side. It is named in honor of Dr. 8S. G. Morton, late President of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Pa@LUOTHERIUM, is a genus of Ruininantia allied to Dorcatherium, Kaup. Pa:LuorHERiumM Witson1, Leidy : ib. iii, 322. Established upon nearly the whole anterior portion of a cranium with the lower jaw, containing all the molares. The species is named in honor of Dr. T. B. Wilson, of Philadelphia. The genera Oreodon, Merycoidodon, Eucrotaphus, and probably Agrio- cherus, form members of a family of Ruminant Pachyderms, characterized by the teeth forming a closed arch in both jaws with the following formula: inc. } can. | pre mol. 4 mol. 3. _1. Orropon priscum, Leidy: ib. v, 238; ib. 276. A species about the _ size of a common sheep, founded upon the greater portions of six crania, one of which upon one side contains all the teeth of both jaws in a perfectly entire condition. There are also in the collection fifteen fragments of jaws with teeth of several other individuals. ; 2. OrEopon GRaciLE, Leidy: ib. 239. A much smaller species than the preceding, founded upon the greater part of the superior and inferior max- illee, containing the molares. 4 * Fragments of both sides of a lower jaw containing the posterior three molares, an en- tire superior molare and several fragments of others of one individual, and the posterior in- ferior molare (mutilated) of a second, have been kindly loaned by Dr. Prout for further description. . | 65 [ 108 J Merycomopon Cunsertrson:s, Leidy: ib. iv, 47. Closely allied to Oreodon priscum and about the sarne size, ba a upon a fragment of the lower jaw containing the true molares, and a fragment of the upper jaw with the posterior two molares. Evcrotapnus Jackson, Leidy: ib. 92. Founded upon the posterior portion of a cranium about ie size of that of Oreodon priscum, but differ- ing from it in a remarkable degree in the very large size of the squamous portion of the temporal bones. The species is named in honor of Dr. Samuel Jackson, Professor of the Institute of Medicine in the University of Pennsylvania. Acriocuarus antiquus, Leidy: ib. 121. Established upon a large portion of the face and inferior maxilla ; containing nearly all the molares, and four superior and two inferior molares of a second individual. The remaining new genus is a carnivorous animal, closely allied to the existing genus Ursus. It is characterized from fragments of three teeth, under the name of Auropon. Pro. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. v., p- 278. The species may be named Auropon vETusTUM, Leidy. The Chelonian remains consist of three species of the genera Testudo and Emys. 1. TEestupo tata, Letay: Pro. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. v.,p. 173. A large species, founded upon a specime en consistlig of a great portion of the carapace and sternum, broken into two pieces. Th its perfect condition, its length has been about two feet, and its breadth about twenty inches. 1. Emys nemisperica, Letdy: Pro. Acad. Nat. Sciences, vol. v., p. 173. Established upon a specimen consisting of about one-third of the carapace and four-fifths of the sternum. When perfect, it has been about nine anda half inches in length, and seven and a ha .alf in breadth. 2. Emys neprascensis, Leidy: id. 172. STYLEMYS NEBRASCENSIS, 2D. 172. Ou]! PAPKANSAS x Gis caveccietetaterauhe er etete hel siete TICE Connecticutiiieeis aise ccs ch cave Sie 10'| Missouri..... SAE RIC ohe wie aiare Ban ge A pra ING WARGO Kerri wi cidion aes slamsicmeeReteate >. H6slebennessee vakken. Atala atk Meroe ad INIGW SICTECY 35 =z biv-oicleialc seis ss ae lees 's 12h Menticky 295 oNcnt piace Shea esate a tsi es Pennsylvania......., SAS a SL ee eters BD NW ONTO Rs eraerwioe ete le oetarsionie eee ate slalcleroe 0) SIA WATE: «eters asia BNifela'a a) boas oes op BOM MALISSISSID DLs. Aasere wie e oivtersevsreeeine ceriee a4 New Elamipshire res «citer os cis see's a 43s sos BP PSOUISIADG .4.-<,< here cic ce ireiiede ve eHes Sas gue Wenmonte®..~ cldstrde neta. 4. ius Fem cet I PPUGAS 22 SRV NE sae lomners ai cia Sar oha ralehei ene 3 Massachusetts. cece ocelecs se. tws aictncsrepen § CUMMIE ERTERONSOS) Servs ed aiele ard c'eavats¢ ere Rhode Island .....00.6% «« BS ob oR Ac encae ¢ Joi Mossouni...s. eet A nc Mike ook sisverade ~ + Connecticut...... Beto a cheicl diels. {cians ote Selere SOIT LGHMIGSSOE sos cisiayecc?e, 0.0014 Hae) sapeeteroeneae, mee Nie wy -¥ OLS e remeneere to tie)s cielsen-ssleudislele « o BUC RISE MULCH” 5. --=- Richmond. Prof. -E. S. Snell--'------. | Amherst. AmasHikolcomb-=-.55<< = Southwick. | John G. Metcalf----------| Mendon. Thomas Bailey----------- _ New Bedford. _ Henry Rice-------------- | N. Attleboro. | Marim™N: Rootes. <2 22s | Byfield. _C. M. Freeman---------- | Williamstown. | | Ruope Isnanp----- Prof. A. Caswell---------) Providence. ! CoNNECTICUT -------| Rev. iL. Edwards=-2--. | New London. Prof. Aug. W. Smith------) Middletown. | Prof. “Be Cutler ---- <5 - =... | New Haven. Me Gobb=--=-se/se- ume North Colebrook. Dr. Ovid Plumb----------+) Salisbury. RE Pitelps- ---\-'- =. 22-4 Windsor. _ Chas. H. Hoadley-------- | Hartford. | New York------ -- LL. F. Munger------------ | Albion. CO. eo Manirice-- == - eee _ Sing Sing. | KE. A. Dayton---------- --| Madrid. State. New Yorxr—Cont’d. ' Cornelius Chase New JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA * | J. L. Miller | Rev. J. G. Ralston | John Wise John Jackson _ Andrew Roulston David Peelor | Dr. R. P. Stevens ' Dr. Paul Swift | Ebenezer Hance--- - - - ---- | | E. T. Kluger ' Prof. L. D. Williams | Walter D. Yale | Moses Lane 71 List— Continued. Name: Dr. F. B. Hough John Bowman weer cesses! J. E. Breed-------------- E. N. Byram John Lefferts-->+--------- James M. Tower--------- | Prof. O. W. Morris- ------ | John P. Fairchild John F. Jenkins Albert Hosmer----------- ase 2s ee = Mandren Linus-- --- ------ James N. Ball James B. Trevor L. A. Beardsley William E. Guest Henry L. Dinmore Thomas B. Arden re ee ere er wee wewseemen ewe eee eee ow vee we we weeee eee ew Lorin Blodget Prof. J. H. Coffin--------- Edward Fenderich--- - ---- Prof. M. Jacobs Joseph Edwards } j ee =eee eee eee == eee wee eee —-~Gee se ee Corydon Marks Dr. J. Heiseley----------- Ce Orrin T. Hobbs E, L, Dodder ane ee ae Ste AF een eA} Residence, Somerville. Van Buren. Honesville. Smithville. Sag Harbor. Lodi. Waterville. New York. Seneca Falls. Salem Centre. Buffalo. Springville. Oswego. Sackett’s Harbor. North Nassau. | Lockport. South Edmeston. Ogdensburg. Syracuse. Phillipstown. Chatham. Burlington. Bloomfield. Newark. Sugar Grove. Easton. Pittsburg. Gettysburg. Lima. | Norristown. } Lancaster. | Darby. Freeport. Indiana. Manchester. Ceres. Philadelphia. Morrisville. Nazareth. Meadville. Harrisburg. Randolph. Easton. [ 108 ] . 7 ee Lyst—C ontinued. State. Name. | Residence. ee ; abinedy Sab MARYLAND-*+---+--- Prof. W. F. Hopkins------ _ Annapolis. Dr. Lewis I". Steiner------ _ Frederick. Dr. William Baer -------- | Sykesville. Josiah Jones------- 2o---- | Walkersville. VIRGINIA -»+--<-==- Dr.:F. J. Mettaner-- ------ Prince Edward C. H. Wm. Skeen ------------- ' Huntersville. Lieut, R. F. Astrop------- | Diamond Grove. Charles Meriwether------- | Charlottesville. Dr. Wm. IN. Patton------- | Lewisburg. David Turner- --------=== Richmond. William C. Hagan-------- Christiansburg. Dr, A. M. Grinnan-------- _ Madison. Prof. G. R. Rosseter------ | Buffalo. Nortu Carouina---| D, Morrell-------------- _ Lake Scuppernong. Prof. Jas. Phillips-------- | Chapel Hill. Soutu Caro.ina----| Dr. John P. Barratt------- Barrattsville. | Prof. Lewis R. Gibbes-----) Charleston. Dr. J. A. Young---------- Camden. H. W. Ravenel --------=-. St. Johns, Berkeley. T. Carpenter------------, Camden. Col) W. Wallace==---:= =< | Columbia. GEORGIA-----==--=- Richard T. Gibson-------- | Whitemarsh Island. Dr. George I. Cooper-----| Perry. Fiori -------»---| John Newton-----------« | Chesnut Hill. John Pearson------------ | Pensacola. ALABAMA MissIssIPPi LovIsIANA Daxaguesaes ane coer Judge Augustus Steele----) Cedar Keys. ue S. J. Cumming-- --------- | Monroeville. Benj. F. Holby---------- | Weokaville. Dr. Charles F. Percival----| Benton. A. Winchell--------.---.- | Eutaw. Dr. T. C. Osb orne-------- | Erie. Geo! Un. Davis-2-ce= er | Natches. Thomas Oakley---------- _ Jackson. Drs Peeks Bartons-=2-becr | New Orleans. ; Col. Hesvoakums-¢* ae, | Huntsville. Prof. T. C. Ervendberg-* - i] New Wied. State. Texas (continued)-- - 'TENNESSEE===++---- KENTUCKY-----«6-5! MiGHIGAN-+-= 0-0 0=6 INDIANAq<«< == = sterelale wise IBTiescarduienars Ue Carin eton eee cinaweiess/e | Saltilake, Utah ...%°..'Ba: Br. Tr. Re. Wv. VOR. Hammond 2 ose wiere 2 | Booneville; MoO. sc. cis ciecieesiere'e Tr. (Returned broken. ) Rev. Jos. Holt, missionary.) Travers des Sioux............0. Dr JisWi HOPKINS Hees eel ce's Stations in Sandy Lake........ Neti Dr. J. Vaughan ..........| Minnesota, Fort Des- Moines, | Towa jand Lowa veo oxicie\< Ais Tis G. Pe Marsh, oes. c se ».. ¢o }CONStAMEIMODPIE'. .se.+ laiterelo.e oi eiereleley PLT. Tr. Ds BlOA PEs, . access oe saleougar Grove, Penge. «svi a. Wo BuO: 6 ceisiseieis.o vis Ontonagon, Lake Superior. ....) Br. Tr. Vid Wi eC ONIRCY),).)\5ers. sie efevole SyracnsesuNe. Y.. 26-54 eyfalbtaleatelens Ps: J. Bell uence RIN Maye a eee s eta Detroit, Michigan. Ges sc.\0seinee Ps. Doaksville Academy... ..; Choctaw Nation ..... orbs atnierereas | Bren. Dr. Edw. Hitchcock ..... Als Ammbherste Wass: 2). teenie dee | Br. Rev. John Gridley........ Kienosha, sWiis indicia nets aie beaters | Ta ents Ue S EVAIVAM nisin cae © am «min mae Oe eee eee _757,298 00 Out of this sum the Regents were authorized to ex xpend on the building $242,129, which had acer ued i in interest, together with such portions of in- terest on the original bequest as might-remain unexpended in any year. The Regents, ‘howev er, thought it advisable to increase the principal, and in order to do this, resolved that the erection of the building should be spread ever a number of years, and that the sum authorized to be used for this purpose should be put at interest, so that thé income from this source might in part defray the expense of the edifice. To carry out this plan, $250,000 of accrued interest were drawn from the treasury and invested in 1 gi [ 108 ] United States securities. ‘This plan of finance has been rigidly adhered to, and it now appears from the account books of the Institution that after all the expenditures on the building and grounds, on researches, publications and lectures, on the library, museum and gallery of art, thiere is on hand government security valued, at the present rate of premium, at %209,700, so that the original amount ‘and interest which had acerued previous to the time at which the Institution came into the charge of the Regents, has only been diminished by about 33,000. In accordance with a part of this plan, Congress has been requested to take from the Institution $150,000, to be placed with the original bequest as a part of the principal, the interest of which alone can be expended, and it is hoped that an act to this effect will be passed during the present session. The committee have also examined the various and multiplied operations of the institution as set forth in the report of the secretary, and they are happy to assure the board and the public that, in their opinion, the beneyo- lent designs of the donor are faithfully end efficiently executed in accord- ance with his injunction, to “* increase and diffuse knowledge among men.’ The following is an abstract of the expenditures during the past year, ranged according to the programme of accounts, which was submitted by the executive committee at the last meeting of the board : f 108 J 82 Expenditures of the Smithsonian Institution during the year 1851. Pay/On CORtTACES.: o:0\0\5) a! ejsi0/0.0 alte wie siete, ales seis wise sie e chen sien} SU, 000100 Pay of architects, SC. .).)cj0/«.cleleldastersieres Bis; sisteie seh ogeks cio deleiehs sonst, yey SLeeao Expenses of building committee, Ke NR aRee sive s ese Slatolovaieiovsintstecctois 43 53 Miscellaneous to building..... ats le cchcuscatahe sale shlong tare 62 07 Furniture; &C., im COMMON. . <)4sile «ci oe oe o lauenbleuapobalsteraitetnvenets : 657 06 DOr verns for publications...... SANs: 0s ojo seuaye calaielskote SG cTalaia se 21 00 Doma: eos ee LECLUTCS! 5 vieve oe sValoneiele's cveie oa alelareioved: eee alieele 149 99 DOs site ois SHIGLATY 1.0 oes RVUUN Tes oles, c,0'c 0 saleloreitnre niece . 255 22 Does csviseacie museum..... Risisia cholic ste oes eratetarate ete Sisveleveite 52 68 Grounds 2) 00 10 B06 0. 6. SP eee er et OFF eee e nese eeesesetSevesoenesesoe 615 54 == ——| 25,971 64 Kxpenses of Board of Regents..... Slalaiefarevere © eleveccvetetoteve ister siete 291 20 Lighting and heating........ Riefelatevereetel ctatatere. aco elclorelsewloreinvete/ocete 486 35 Postagemae soins eile iieleiaieever slo trate tea clereensic' eee Sines ah aay Eats 370 78 Transportation ...... se /ehereversiaie wleievetarer sVetwics cvs sielel sicvatoleterscetevele lors 851 43 Stationery ......... mtofeveisieisterstct Brel TeLeleiteieie« #/eralereyste sierenetsielai ; 419 96 General printing. ..,......... Sate eee e elalclcie emt owaets A 1,159 06 Apparatus ee ere eee recesses Coe eeese sete essence see er eeeesest 148 69 Incidentals general...... Mile fale alien Te aie s:eneiaiertie Melis meets Oud Salaries general ........00c00s 5 te eee astolerelavels sierarelereteietass A 8,099) 92 Je 9,405 82 Smithsonian contributions. aaaes sates c Paice a een 8,211 76 Reports on progress of knowledge........cccecececccccceces! 473 82 Other'pulblications’...\. sess. coc. 3 heelehetnre e's was heteeeine aslews | 100 00 Meteorology ..........., Naha ies ie Sean Ne Rene | - 894 50 Compubablons: 25 ic Wasuineton, Saturday, March 22, 1852. The Board met this day, at 11 o’clock a. m. Present—Messrs. Bache, Fitch, Lenox, Meacham, Pearce, Totten, of the Board; and Mr. Seaton, treasurer. In the absence of the chancellor, en motion, Mr. Pearce took the chair. Mr. Lenox, from the Building Committee, informed the Board that the work on the building by the present contractor was not quite completed, but might be expected to be so in about ten days. He also remarked upon 95 [ 108 the condition of a suit pending between Cameron and Sniffin, and its bear- ing upon the action of the Board. A bill of extra work by G. Cameron for flagging, &c., was presented and referred to the Building Committee, to be audited and settled. The secretary stated that Mr. Stanley, the artist, had deposited a gallery of Indian portraits in the west wing of the building, which had attracted many Visitors. The Board then adjourned to Saturday, June 5. 97 [ 168 ] APPENDIX. PROFESSOR TURNER’S LETTER ON INDIAN PHILOLOGY. New York, December 16, 1851. Dear Sir: In reply to my letter stating that I had examined the Dakota Dictionary and Grammar prepared by members of the mission to that tribe, and recommending the publication of the same, you say: “Give me your reasons for thinking it an interesting addition to knowledge and worthy of publication in the Smithsonian Contributions; also any remarks you may think of importance with reference to the compilation and publication of works of this kind.”’ My reasons for recommending the publication in the terms alluded to, have reference partly to the character and merits of the works under con- sideration, and partly to the value of such works in general, as furnishing materials for the study of the philology and ethnology of this continent, and thus “promoting the increase of knowledge among men.” The Grammar and Dictionary of the Dakota language, now presented in manuscript for publication by your Institution, are the result of the joint labors of the members of the Dakota mission, assisted by the most inteili- gent natives, for the last eighteen years, brought together and placed in their present form by the Rev. S. R. Riggs, and are designed to méet the requirements both of the practical linguist and the comparative philologist. An examination of the MSS. show that they are drawn up with ability and conscientious care. The Grammar is simple and brief. The Dictionary con- sists of two parts, Dakota-English and English-Dakota. The Dakota-Eng- lish part contains upwards of 15,000 words. Their division into syllables is marked, and also the place of the accent. Besides the definition or Ex o- lish rendering of each word, the part of speech to which it belongs is noted, its etymology explained, and the changes of form exhibited which are produced by the introduction of pronouns and particles. The Hnglish- Dakota part is briefer and has more of the character of a simple vocabu- lary. There are some changes and additions which it would be desirable to make, particularly in the Grammar. I have had the pleasure of seeing and censulting with Mr. Riggs, who has expressed his readiness to intro- duce any practicable improvements that may be suggested. The languages of the aborigines of North America are worthy of atten- tion in a scientific pomt of view on two accounts; and first, for their owa sake, as constituting an important branch of philological investigation. These languages display many interesting analogies to those of other parts of the globe, and many equally interesting peculiarities of their own. Most of those we are acquainted with are of a highly complicated and ingenious construction; and the study of them enlarges the views of the comparative philologist by disclosing to him new and curious phases of the human mind as manifested in these new modes of communicating ideas. For to the scientific philologist—who regierds each language, not as something elabo- rated by art or design, but. as a true organism, the spontaneous growth, as it were, of the mind of the nation that uses it, and as more or less inti- mately connected by virtue of its origin with other organisms ‘of the same nature—the study of a language simply, irrespective of the literature it may or may not contain, affords the same species of instruction and delight Mis.—4 a aol [ 108 ] 98 which the examination of a new production of the animal, vegetable, or mineral kingdom does to the student of natural history. The phenomena exhibited by the rudest form of speech furnish matter for admiring the wis- dom of the Great Fashioner of man and all his faculties. Secondly, a knowledge of these languages is desirable in view of their bearings on the great ethnological question of the origin, affiliations, and migration of the tribes that inhabited this continent prior to its discovery by Columbus. The Smithsonian Institution early gave evidence that it appre- ciated the importance of these questions, by announcing among the depart- menis of knowledge to which it proposed to lend its aid, ‘‘ ethnological researches, particularly with reference to the different races of men in North America.” This purpose has already begun to be carried into effect by the publication of the ‘* Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley’’ and the * Aboriginal Monuments of the State of New York,’ works which have received the meed of the heartiest approbation of ethnologists, both in this country and in Hurope. if asked in what manner do philological studies bear upon the ethnology of North America, we reply: It is true, none of the numerous peoples of this continent ever arrived at the grand and fruitful idea of an alphabet in which to record their deeds for the instruction of posterity. The traditions which we find among them are of a vague and trivial character, and con- tain in general no information that can lay claim to any thing like antiquity, excepting the bare fact that a given tribe at a period more or less remote micrated from a certain direction north, south, east, or west. Hence it is neither by perusing ancient records nor by conversing with individuals now living, that a knowledge of the language of our aborigines can be made to furnish us with true and reliable information on the topies alluded to; this can be done only by comparing together and analyzing the structure of these languages themselves. There are various means for determining the character and relationship of tribes of men who are without a history, such as their physical conformation, character, habits, and manners, their imple- ments for procuring and preparing food, their clothing, weapons, dwellings, their arts of various kinds, their marriage, funeral, and other rites, &c.; but of all means the structure of their languages is one of the most certain and satisfactory. When the testimony of language can be adduced in cor- roboration of that obtained from these other sources, the proof is considered to be as perfect as the nature of the case admits; but so long as that is wanting, the argument 1s felt to be msecure and incomplete. We are already in possession of many printed vocabularies of Indian languages of greater or less extent and accuracy, and of a very few gram- mars, mostly meagre and imperfect. These have been studied and com- pared by scholars with eager assiduity, and the interesting discoveries to which they have led have created a demand for a body of materials more copious and exact than has hitherto existed. In order that the philology and ethnology of this continent may receive thorough elucidation, it is ne- cessary that there should be given to the learned world a complete diction- ary of each language containing, as far as is practicable, ail the words of the language accurately analyzed and defined, and also a grammar in which all its forms, inflexions, and constructions are fully exhibited. The publication of works of this nature is too expensive an undertaking for in- dividuals, pecuniary profit being altogether out of the question; nor is there any public institution to which the duty 2{ nitiating: and carrying out a 99 [ 108} comprehensive scheme for effectng this great object could be assigned so appropriately as to your own. The source to which we must mainly look for contributions to our stores of American philology are the, members of the various missions to the In- dians. ‘These are the only large class of men, qualified by education and sustained by motives of benevolence, whom we can expect to spend long years in studying the mental idiosyncrasies of our rude red brethren, and in mastering the formidable dithculties of their complicated unwritten languages. There is also another class of men whose position would enable them to do much in aid of the cause, if they could be induced to interest themselves in it, | mean the superintendents and agents of Indian affairs. I would respectfully suggest, then, that, in the first place, the Institution adaress the Board of Missions and the Indian Office, requesting that means be taken to ascertain from the gentlemen under their contro! what grammers and diction- aries already exist in manuscript, the extent and nature of the same, by whom compiled, what steps if any have been taken towards their publica- tion, &. When this preliminary information shall haye been obtained, it will be time to set about fillmg up the lacune. If the bureaus above men- tioned enter heartily into the project, which they may be well expected to do, much can soon be effected in this behalf by pressing the subject upon the attention of those most competent to undertake the work in each particular instance, assuring them that their labors will be duly appreciated and that measures will be taken for laying them in a proper manner before the world. ‘There are many persons, missionaries and others, Who have the requisite knowledge and ability to produce works of this kind, but who do not undertake the labor, for the simple reason that they have never had any inducement to do so. The means by which these works are to be published, and the mode in which it should be effected, are matters worthy of consideration. First, as to the means. Although this subject of Indian philology ts one of exceeding interest, the funds of the Smithsonian Institution have their limit, and there are many other important departments of knowledge which claim attention at its fostering hands. The publication of anything like a complete series of works for the elucidation of the languages of the whole continent of North America will demand a very great outlay of labor and money—far more indeed than the Smithsonian can be justly expected to furnish alone. Its exertions therefore should be chiefly directed to collect- ing, suggesting to be written, and superintending the uniform and accurate publication of such works; and it should furnish only such part of the pe. cuniary means as cannot be obtained from other sources. ‘Phe quarters to which the Institution, as it would seem, may confidently look for aid, in addition to that furnished by liberal and public spirited individuals, are the Board of Missions and the Office of Indian Affairs, both of which are di- rectly interested in the matter, as the proper discharge of the duties of the individuals under their supervision would be greately facilitated by a com- petent knowledge of the Indian languages. The government of the State or Territory in which a tribe is situated may likewise be confidently ap- pealed to for aid. Lastly, assistance, pecuniary or literary, will no doubt be gladly furnished by our ethnological, historical, and antiquarian socities, according to the nature of each case and to their respective abilities. As to the proper mode of compiling and printing these works, a little practice will be necessary for settling all the details. Of course both the [ 108 ] 100 grammars and dictionaries should be made as perfect as the opportunities and abilities of the authors will allow. These should be 1eminded that ac- curacy, perspicuity, and fullness of illustration by means of examples, are the great desiderata; and that as these books are designed for the use of educated persons, it is unnecessary to occupy space with ordinary defini- tions of the terms, article, noun, &c. Let the writer take it for granted that the reader is already acquainted with the common terms and rules of grammar, and proceed at once to describe the particular language under con- sideration; let all fanciful comparisons with Hebrew, Greek, &c., beexcluded. Each erammar should note the dialectical peculiarities of the language of which it treats, and also the changes that may be taking place in it, that is to say, such as have been observed by the whites since they have been familiar with it, and especially such as are indicated by differences in the speech of old and young persons. ‘l’o each grammar should be appended one or more specimens of composition in the Tanguage, with an interlinear English translation. For the purpose of comparison, the ‘parable of the Prodigal Son is superior on many accounts to the Lord’s Prayer, although it would be well to give both. ‘But it is very desirable, that to these should be added some original production of the native mind—some speech, fable, legend, or song, that may afford samples of aboriginal modes of thought as well as of expression. It seems strange, that so apparently obvious and easy a means of obtaining an insight into the workings of the mind of rude nations, which would prove of the highest interest to the philosophical in- guirer, should have been hitherto almost entirely overlooked. There should also be prefixed to each work of the kind, an introduction giving the name of the tribe and its subdivisions, the territory it occupies, its numbers, a sketch of its past history as far as known, and present condi- tion, and any peculiarities of its language, for which a proper place cannot elsewhere be found. In the dictionary it is necessary that, besides the defi- nitions of the meaning of words, their etymology, 7. e. the elements of which they are composed, should be exhibited in all cases where it can be ascer- tained. The want of this has been a serious defect in all the vocabularies of Indian languages hitherto compiled. In the proposed series of works some uniform and comprehensive system of noting sounds should be adopied, based on the principle of representing each artic ulation by a single character; and in all cases the accented syllable should be marked. A full set of rules and hints, together with a copy of a grammar and dictionary published on the plan of the Institution, might be sent to each person or body of persons who engage to prepare a similar work to be published under its auspices. Although ‘the Institution cannot be expected to defray the whole expense of publishing these works, it should offer to include in its ‘‘Contributions”’ all such as are properly prepared. The size of the page is well adapted to exhibit the inflexion of verbs, &c., in tabular forms, by studying which a general view of a subject can be gained much more easily than “when the several parts are scattered over a number of small pages. The types, too, which are cut to represent certain sounds in one language, can be used for the same sounds in other languages. It would immensely facilitate the comparative study of these languages, if the works describing them were all compiled on the same principle, written according to the same system of notation, and embraced in the same collection. What has been said relates only to the Indians within the United States, to which, of course, the operations of the Institutign should, for a consider- 101 [ 108 | able time at least, be principally directed. Still something might soon be done towards extending the good work over the rest of the continent. As soon as the first grammar and dictionary have been published, I would sug- gest that a copy be sent to the university of Toronto, together with a letter explaining the object and plan of the Institution, and asking its co-opera- tion. It could doubtless accomplish much, if so inclined, by. the aid of the missionaries scattered through the British possessions and of the gentlemen in the employ of the Hudson’s Bay Company, some of whom have paid a good deal of attention to the Indian languages. A similar communication might be opened with the University “of Mexico, which would probably prove very advantageous, as in Mexico many valuable MS. grammars and dictionaries, prepared by the Jesuit and Franciscan missionaries, are believed to exist. A descriptive catalogue of these works, and also of rare printed works of the kind, noting their place of deposit, would be of great interest and utility. now conclude, sir, these remarks and suggestions, which it would have been presumptuous in me to offer except in obedience to your own request— with the expression of my sincere satisfaction at the broad and enlightened ‘views which have yrompted your Institution to engage in this noble under- taking. It is one whose results will interest literary, scientific, and philan- thropic men in all parts of the world, and which it is incumbent on Ameri- cans to perform. It has long been expected and demanded at our hands, and it is time it were spec begun. With great respect, I am your very obedient servant, WM. W. TURNER. JosepH Henry, Esq., Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. [ 108 J 102 REPORT ON METEOROLOGY. Report of the Comiitiee on Meteorology of the American Association for the Promotion of Science, on the arrangement of a System of Combined Meteorological Observations for North America. Adopted August, 1851. The Committee on Metesrolocy , to whom was referred by the Associa- tion the ‘Proposition for extending the system of meteorological observa- tions now in operation under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution,” respectfully present their report, and ask of the Standing Committee their consideration of it, and of the resolutions appended to it, so that they may be presented, if approved, to the Association at the present meeting. It is not necessary, at the present day, to go into any argument. on the. importance of such observations. Wherever civilization extends, their value is recognized, and they are sustained by private and public exertions. \ At different times systems of observations have been organized by different — governments and societies of the Old World, for determining the general and particular questions which occur; and in our country, the general government, and several of the State governments, as New York, Pennsy l- vyania, Massachusetts, have kept up, for a limited time, several series of meteorological observations, from which results of high importance have been derived. Recently the British government have determined to maintain the Mag- netical and Meteorological Observatory at Toronto, where full observations are made with instruments registering by photogr aphic methods. Our own government still keeps up the observations at the military posts, under tHe enlightened supervision of the surgeon-genera! of the army. The Treasury Department has, not long since, expressed the opinion that the keepers of heht-houses should be sufficiently well instructed to make such observa- tions. ‘The Navy Department fosters the meteorological observations under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution. ‘The Hudson’s Bay Company have recently consented, on application of the Association, to establish observations at such of their posts as might seem desirable to the Associa- tion. The States of New York and o: Massachusetts have renewed their action in the matter. ‘There is a great desire to profit by these very favora- ble circumstances of our country, and of the present day, to organize a system which shall connect all these efforts, otherwise isolated, and to derive from these and from similar ones the means of advancing the knowledge of the meteorology of North America. We expect to derive from systematic observations, extended over as much of our continent as is accessible to us, at stations selected in reference to the problems to be made out, a thorough knowledge of our climate 1m all its relations, and of its variations in the same and in different localities. The mean temperature of points is to be determined with carefully verified instruments, similar to each other, similarly placed, and observed under the same rules and conditions; the lines of equa! mean temperature will result, and the variations at different seasons will be shown. The limits of vege- tation wil] be found, and the areas of climate adapted to the cereals. The CO ———————— es ~~ 103 [ 108 ] parallels within which wheat, Indian corn, etc., may be profitably culti- vated, and which present results so different from those found to exist in the eastern continent in Asia, will be determimed accurately. The degree of dryness and moisture will be ascertained; the amount of rain, and the amount of evaporation; questions not only bearing upon tre health and comfort of man, but upon his attempts to facilitate communication by canals andthe improvements of rivers, and upon the means of avoiding or controlling floods and freshets. The number of days of rain, the number of ciear and cloudy days, and the amount of loss of the sun’s effect by cloudiness, will be determined; the direction and force of the wind, and the systems of winds prevailing in different parts of the continent, and in the different seasons of the year. The mean pressure of the air and its variations will be seen, as shown by the barometer; from which important data in regard to relative heights of points may be obtained, giving the general topographical features of our extended country, and serving as a reconnoissance in more distant parts of it for railroads or common roads which may be proposed. The progress of waves of pressure, either con- nected with storms or with the ordinary fluctuations of the atmosphere, will be ascertained. All periodica} phenomena will be studied in connexion with these observations ; the flowering of plants and trees, the ripening of grains and of fruits, the migrations of animals. The frequence and inten- sity of the aurora borealis will be determined; and its singular variations in passing from north to south and east to west, on our continent, will be studied. The direction of the motion, the frequency, the intensity, and other circumstances actuating our thunder storms, will be ascertained. From the observations will result the law of storms in its full development ; and its application to all parts of the continent, or limitation to particular portions will be entirely ascertained ; an application so important to the farmer and navigator, so interesting to the man of science, and so desirable to be known by every one who travels on any of our lakes or rivers, or along our extensive and somewhat stormy coasts. The lines of our tele- graphs will be rendered available for observations on this subject, more complete than any which have been hitherto practicable; aad while they enable us to determine the laws of storms, will also furnish means of giving notice of their progress, and then of anticipating their approach. ‘The diseases incident to different climates, the phenomena of malaria, the progress and laws of epidemics, may be studied in connection with the periodical phenomena from carefully collected statistics. A contribution to ethnology may be the statistics of the numerical decrease of the Indian races; to the interest of which many minds in this country are fully alive. : These are only a portion of the results which may be expected from a wide-spread and well organized system of meteorological observations. We would propose, therefore, to establish at once, in addition to those which now exist, fifty meteorological stations in the positions named below ; to supply the primary stations with a full set of instruments, carefully com- pared and of uniform construction, namely, a thermometer, barometer, hygrometer, rain and snow gauge, and wind vane ; to cause hourly obser- vations to be made at six or eight stations, and observations three times day at all others, according to the same system. Te fee! NORE LONE URRRMESERS 1 eon nti cate ge ae ainkeL eo ee er [ 108 ] 104 The following list includes stations already occupied, which are, however, | marked to distinguish them from those which it is proposed to establish: List of the meteorological stations to be established. Sub-tropicol Zone.—Key West, Florida; Point Isabel, Rio del Norte, New Orleans, Louisiana. Warm Temperate Zone.—A. St. Augustine, Florida; Tuscaloosa, Alabama; Vicksburgh, _ 7 Mississippi; Fredricksburg, Texas; EL Paso, New Mexico; San Diego, California. © B. Chapel Hill, Carolina; Knoxville, East Tennessee; Nashy ille, West Tennessee ; Fort Atkinson, Indian Territory ; Fort Washita, Indian Territory; Santa Fe, New y Mexico. a Middle Temperate Zone.—A. X. Washington, D. C.; Lexington, Virginia; Fort Leaven-, worth, Indian Territory; Bent’s Fort,do. B. X. New York city, “New York; a cen- | tral point, Pennsylvania ; Steubenville, Ohio ; Columbus, Ohio; Indianapolis, Indiana; © Springfield, Illinois; Bloomington, lowa. 4 Middle Temperate Zone (continued.)—Fort Kearney, M. T.; Fort Laramie, M. T.; Salt Lake, Utah; Fort Hall, Oregon; Nueva Helvetia, California; San Francisco, do. Cold Temperate Zone.—Bowdoin College, Maine; Dartmouth College, New Haiapshire; — Burlington, Vermont; Kingston, Canada; Manitoulin Island, or Bruce Mines, Canada; _ Lansing, Michigan; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Fort Gaines, Minnesota; Fort St. Pierre, Minnesota Ter -ritory ; Fort McKenzie, do.; Fort Kootanie, Oregon; Fort Walla Walla,. do.; Fort Vancouver, do.; three new light-houses along the coast from Oregon to Point Conce sption, California. Resolutions. Resolved, That the committee on meteorology recommend to the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the appointment of a committee to memorialize Congress. in regard to the immediate extension of the system of meteorological observations now making in the United States, under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution. Resolved, That this committee be authorized and directed to request the Secretary of the Treasury to provide for the making of meteorological observations, according to the direc- tions of the Smithsonian Institution, by the keepers of the light-houses which are to be established at points on the western coast of the United States, named in the reports of the committee on meteorology. Resolved, That the same committee be requested to address the Surgeon General of the United States i in reference to the co-operation of this department in the same system, and to suggest the locations named in the report of the committee on meteorology as those where the observation should be made. Resolved, That the same committee be requested to memorialize the Canadian govern- ment, and the several legislatures of the States of our Union, asking their co- -operation in the foregoing system of “observations. Rosolti ed, "That the same committee be requested to inform the Hudson Bay Company of the steps which have been taken to carry into effect the system referred to in the memo- rial addressed to them by this association, at the last annual meeting. SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT or THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION TO THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, THE OPERATIONS, EXPENDITURES, AND CONDITION OF THE INSTITUTION DURING THE YEAR 1852, AND THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS UP TO DATE, WASHINGTON: ROBERT ARMSTRONG, PRINTER. 1853. ‘i " Mi 7 yt? CORE ie 382d ConGREss, [SENATE.] MISCELLANEOUS, 2d Session. No. 53. LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, COMMUNICATING The Annual Report of the Board of Regents. ; Marcg 1, 1853.—Ordered to lie on the table and be printed. Smirusonian Institution, August 20, 1852. Sir: I have the honor herewith to transmit to you the Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, and beg leave to request that you will present it to the Senate of the United States. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary Smithsonian Institution. Hon. Davin R. Atcuison, ‘ President of the Senate of the U. 8S. a. a OFFICERS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, MILLARD FILLMORE, Er-offcio Presiding Officer of the Institution. ROGER B. TANEY, Chancellor of the Institution. JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary of the Institution. CHARLES C. JEWETT, Assistant Secretary, in charge of the Library. SPENCER F. BAIRD, Assistant Secretary, in charge of the Museum. EDWARD FOREMAN, General Assistant. : ALEXANDER D. BACHE, JAMES A. PEARCE, ioe ae Committee. JOSEPH G. TOTTEN, GRAHAM N. FITCH, ] RICHARD RUSH, JOHN W. MAURY, JOSEPH HENRY, W. W. SEATON, Treasurer. | Building Committee. REGENTS OF THE INSTITUTION. >————_ —_—, Vice President of the United States. ROGER B. TANEY, Chief Justice of the United States. JOHN W. MAURY, Mayor of the City of Washington. JAMES A. PEARCE, Member of the Senate of the United States. JAMES M. MASON, Member of the Senate of the United States. ROBERT M. CHARLTON, Member of the Senate of the United States. GRAHAM N. FITCH, Member of the House of Representatives of the United States. WILLIAM F. COLCOCK, Member of the House of Representatives of the United States. JAMES MEACHAM, Member of the House of Representatives of the United States RUFUS CHOATE, Citizen of Massachusetts. GIDEON HAWLEY, Citizen of New York. J. MACPHERSON BERRIEN, Citizen of Georgia. RICHARD RUSH, Citizen of Pennsylvania. ALEXANDER D. BACHE, Citizen of Washington. JOSEPH G. TOTTEN, Citizen of Washington. MEMBERS EX-OFFICIO OF THE INSTITUTION. MILLARD FILLMORE, President of the United States. —_—— ——__—__,, Vice President of the United States. © EDWARD EVERETT, Secretary of State. THOMAS CORWIN, Secretary of the Treasury. CHARLES M. CONRAD, Secretary of War. JOHN P. KENNEDY, Secretary of the Navy. SAMUEL D. HUBBARD, Postmaster General. JOHN J. CRITTENDEN, Attorney General. ROGER B. TANEY, Chief Justice of the United States SILAS HODGES, Commissioner of Patents. JOHN W. MAURY, Mayor of the City of Washington. HONORARY MEMBERS, ROBERT HARE, BENJAMIN SILLIMAN, WASHINGTON IRVING, | | | ’ SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT QF THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, Showing the operations, expenditures, and condition of the Institution, up to January 1, 1853. To the Senate and House of Representatives : In obedience to the act of Congress of August 10, 1846, establishing the Smithsonian Institution, the undersigned, in behalf of the Regents, submit to Congress, as a report of the operations, expenditures, and condition of the Institution, the following documents: 1. The annual report of the Secretary, giving an account of the operations of the Institution during the year 1852, including reports from the Assistant Secretaries, relative to the library, museum, &c. 2. Report of the Executive Committee, giving a general statement of the proceeds and disposition of the Smithsonian fund, and also an account of the expenditures fcr the year 1852. 3. Report of the Building Committee, relative to the progress made in 1852 in the erection of the Smithsonian edifice. 4. Proceedings of the Board of Regents. 5. Appendix relative to meteorology, &c. Respectfully submitted : ROGER B. TANEY, Chancellor. JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. To the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution : GENTLEMEN: The object of the Annual Report of the Secretary is not only to present to the Regents an account of the transactions of the period which elapses Hetreen their successive sessions, but also to make such suggestions as may be important to the future m: unagement of the affiirs of the Institution, and state such facts in reference to it as may be interesting to the public, or which may furnish a connected history of its transactions. Since the beginning of the Institution no change has taken place 1 in the policy originally adopted with reference to “the system of active operations. The details of this plan were well considered, and its im- portance as the only means of properly carrying out the intention of ithe donor fully understood at the first. The theory of the plan was expressed in a few propositions, which have been constantly kept in view, and acted upon as far as the law of Congress and other restric- tions would permit. This plan, although prosecuted under very unfavorable circumstan- ces, has produced results such as to render the name of the Institution favorably known wherever science and literature are cultivated, and to connect it indissolubly with the history of the progress of knowledge in our times. Asa proof of this we need only state the following facts: The Institution has promoted astronomy, by the aid furnished the researches which led to the discovery of the true orbit of the new lanet Neptune, and the determination of the perturbations of this planet and the other bodies of the solar system, on account of their mutual attraction, It has also aided the same branch of science by farnishing instruments and other facilities to the Chilian expedition, under Lieut. Gilliss; and by preparing and publishing an ephemeris of Neptune, which has been adopted by all the astronomers of the world. It has advanced geography, by providing the scientific traveller with annual lists of the occultations of the principal stars, by the moon, for the determination of longitude; by the preparation of tables for ascertaining heights with the barometer; and by the collection and publication of important facts relative ig the topography of different parts of the country, particularly of the valley of the Mississippi. It has establishe dan extended system of meteorology, consisting ot a corps of several hundred intelligent observers, who are daily noting the phases of the weather mm every part of ihe continent of North America. It has imported standard instruments, constructed hundreds of compared thermometers, barometers, and psychrometers, and has furnished improved tables and directions for observing with these instruments the various changes of the atmosphere, as to “temperature, pressure, moisture, &c. It has collected, and is collecting, from its 10 S. Mis. 53. observers, an extended series of facts which are yielding deductions of great interest in regard to the climate of this country and the meteo- rology of the elobe. The Institution has advanced the science of geology, by its researches and original publications. It has made a preliminary exploration of the remarkable region on the upper Missouri river called “the Bad Lands,” and is now printing a descriptive memoir on the extraordinary remains which abound in that locality. It has assisted in explorations relative to the distribution in this country of the remains of microscopic animals found in immense quantities in different parts of the United States. It has made important contributions to botany, by means of the published results of explorations in Texas, New Mexico, and Califor- nia; and by the preparation and publication of an extended memoir, illustrated with colored engravings, on the sea-plants of the coast of North America. It has published several important original papers on physiology, | comparative anatomy, zoology, and different branches of descriptive natural history ; and has prepared and printed, for distribution to tray- ellers, a series of directions for collecting and preserving specimens. It has advanced terrestrial magnetism, by furnishing instruments for determining the elements of the magnetic force, to various explormg expeditions ; and by publishing the results of observations made under its direction, at the expense of the government. It has collected and published ‘the statistics of the libraries of the United States; and perfected a plan of stereotyping catalogues, which will render effective, as a combined whole, all the scattered libraries of the country. The Institution has also been instrumental in directing attention to American antiquities, and has awakened such an interest in the subject as will tend to the collection and study of all the facts which can be gathered relative to the ancient inhabitants of this continent. It has also rendered available for the purposes of the ethnologist and philan- thropist the labors of our missionaries among the Dakotas, by publish- ing a volume on the language of this tribe of Indians, and has done good service to comparative philology by the distribution of directions for collecting Indian vocabularies. It has established an extended system of literary and scientific ex- changes, both foreign and domestic, and annually transmits between the most distant societies and individuals, hundreds of packages of valua- ble works. It has presented its own publications, free of expense, to all the first-class libraries of the world, and thus rendered them acces- sible, as far as possible, to all persons who are interested in their study. No restriction of copyright has been placed on their re-publication 5 and the truths which they contain are daily finding their way to the general public, through the labors of popular writers and teachers. The distribution of its publications and its system of exchanges has served not only to advance and diffuse knowledge, but also to increase the reputation, and, consequently, the influence of our country ; to pro- mote a kindly and sympathetic feeling between the New World and the Old—alike grateful to the philosopher and the philanthropist. ~*~ ee S. Mis. 53. 11 These are the fruits of what is called the system of active operations of the Institution, and its power to produce other and continuous results is ouly limited by the amount of the income which can be appropriated to it, since each succeeding year has presente ‘d new and important fields for its cultivation. All the anticipations indulged with regard to it have been fully realized; and after an experience of six years, there can now be no doubt of the true policy of the Regents in regard to it. I am well aware, however, that the idea is entertained by some that the system of active operations, though at present in a flourishing condi- tion, cannot continue to be the prominent object of attention ; and that under another set of directors, other counsels will prevail and other mea- sures be adopted, and that wid has been done in establishing this sys- tem will ultimately be undone. It is true, there is cause of fear that the policy in this respect may be changed, for the system we are here con- sidering requires constant exertion, rand is little suited to the tastes and habits of those who seek place and position from mere personal con- siderations. There is cause to fear, also, from the experience of the past, that the general expenses of a large building, the support of the establishment necessarily connected with it, and the cost of collec ting preserving, and exhibiting specimens of nature and art, will so increase as to paralyze the spirit of activity. Furthermore, the proposition is a ntly urged upon the Regents, “by persons who hs ave not duly con- sidered the will of Smithson, « or who fail to appreciate the importance of the present plan, that a large portion of the income should be de- voted to the diffusion of a knowlec lge of some popular branch of prac- tical art; and there may be some fear that a timid policy on the part of the friends of the Institution will lead them to favor such a plan. To obviate these tendencies, it is the duty of the present Regents, it they are convinced that the policy of active operations is the true one, to endeavor to correct, as far as possible, the errors which may have been committed in the beginning, and to give the Institution such an impulse in the proper direction, that it cannot deviate from it without immediately arresting the attention of the enlightened public, both at home and abroad, who will not fail to demand, authoritatively, sufficient reason for the change. A promise has been m: ide to all persons in this country engaged in original researches, and who are capable of furnishing additions to the sum of human knowledge, that the results of their labors shall continue to be presented to the world through the Smithsonian publications. The honor of the Institution is also ple »:dged to the scientific and literary societies from which it has received exchanges, in this and other coun- tries, that it will continue to send to them at least an annual volume of contributions, of a character similar to those with which they have al- ready been presented. It is on this condition that the library has been so richly favored, not only with the current volumes of transactions, but also, 1 in many cases, from the oldest societies, with full sets of all the previous volumes of their series of publications. Beside this, the libraries of all the colleges and literary and philosophical societies of this country are supplied “with full sets of the Smithsonian Transactions 5 and in this way a foretaste has been given of the fruit of the operations which will tend, in some degree, t to insure their continuance. 12 S. Mis. 53. But if, notwithstanding all this, the Institution is destined to a change of policy, what has been well done in the line we are advo- cating can never be undone. The new truths developed by the researches originated by the Institution, and recorded in its publica- tions; the effect of its exchanges with foreign countries, and the results of the cataloguing system, can never be obliterated: they will endure through all coming time. Should the government of the United States be dissolved, and the Smithsonian fund dissipated to the winds, the ‘Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge” will still be found in the principal libraries of the world, a perpetual monument of the wisdom and liberality of the founder of the Institution, and of the faithfulness of those who first directed its affairs. Whatever, therefore, may be the future condition of the Institution, the true policy, for the present, is to devote its energies to the system of active operations. All other objects should be subordinate to this, and in no wise suffered to diminish the good which it is capable of pro- ducing. It should be prosecuted with discretion, but with vigor; the results will be its vindication. It was stated in the last report that the Institution had been the contingent legatee of a considerable amount of property. During the past year the facts with reference to this bequest have been inves- tigated, and it appears that Mr. Wynn, of Brooklyn, N. Y., deceased, left a legacy to his wife, and the bulk of his property, valued at $75,000, to his daughter, a child six years old, on condition that at the death of this daughter without issue, the property should come to the Smithsonian Institution. In making this bequest Mr. Wynn says, in his will: “I know no benevolent institution more useful and appro- priate than the Smithsonian Institution at Washington.” This circumstance is highly gratifying to the friends of the Institu- tion, not because it offers a remote possibility of an increase of the funds, but on account of the evidence it affords of the liberal views of the deceased, and of his confidence in the proper management and im- portance of the Smithsonian bequest. The will of Mr. Wynn induces us to believe that the right administration of the Smithsonian fund will cause similar examples of liberality on the part of wealthy mdividuals of our country; and in this point of view the responsibility which rests on those who have the direction of the affairs of this Institution is greater than that with reference to the good which the income itself may immediately accomplish. Though it is scarcely to be expected that many unconditional bequests will be made, yet the example of Smithson may induce the founding of other institutions which may serve to perpetuate other names, and increase the blessings which may flow from such judicious liberality. Man is a sympathetic being; and it is not impossible that Smithson himself may have caught the first idea of his benevolent design from the example of our countryman, Count Rumford, the principal founder of the Royal Institution of London. Bequests for special purposes, bearing the names of the testators, are not incongruous with the plan of this Institution. Lectureships on particular subjects, annual reports on special branches of knowledge, S. Mis. 53. 13 provision for certain lines of research, and libraries for general use or special reference, may be founded under the names of those who be- stow the funds, and be placed under the direction of, and incorporated with, the Smithsonian Institution. The charge, however, of such be- quests ought not to be accepted unless they are sufficient in themselves to meet the expenses of the object contemplated by them, and would not encumber or impede the legitimate operations of the Institution. For example: were a library of a hundred thousand volumes offered, it would be unwise to accept it were it not accompanied by the funds necessary to the erection of a building and to the proper support of the collection. In July, 1850, a new system of accounts was introduced, which has been continued to the present time. According to this system, every payment is made by an order of the Secretary on the treasurer, who, in turn, gives his check on Corcoran & Riggs, with whom the semi-an- nual interest and the other income of the Institution are deposited. As often as once a quarter all the bills are examined and referred to their appropriate classes, in presence of all the officers of the Institution Atter the accounts are posted, they are referred to the Executive Com- mittee tor final examination. By a reference to the report of the Executive Committee, it will be seen that the funds are in a good condition, and that though during the past year $14,047 have been paid on the building, there is still on hand, after all the expenditures for publications and other purposes, besides the original bequest, upwards of $200,000 of accrued interest. It is to be regretted that Congress has not yet acted on the petition requesting the perpetual funding of $150,000 of the last-mentioned sum. It is highly important that this money should be permanently invested as a part of the principal, so that it can neither be lost nor expended. There are no other means of effectually accomplishing this result ex- cept by funding it in the treasury of the United States. The proposition should be pressed upon Congress, though there may be, at present, no very certain prospect of success; for, if the petition be refused, and the money be afterwards lost by improper investment or injudicious expenditure, the responsibility would, in part, rest with the govern- ment. _ The charge of this fund, and of all the disbursements, is attended with much solicitude. It involves a degree of responsibility which, to a person unaccustomed to large financial transactions, is very oner- ous. I beg leave, however, in this place, to mention the obligation which the Institution is under to W. W. Corcoran, esq., for the aid which he has, in all cases, afforded in the management of the funds, and the judicious advice which he has always given relative to their investment. From the report of the Building Committee it appears that the con- tract for finishing the interior of the wings and ranges, and the rooms of the towers, has been completed. The whole interior of the main building, comprising a rectangular space of two hundred feet long, fifty wide, and about sixty high, remains to be finished with fire- proof materials. It is proposed to divide this space into two stories 14 S. Mis. 53. and a basement. These stories will be devoted to the library, the museum, and a large and convenient lecture-room. The business of the Institution would be much facilitated were this part of the building completed. Since Congress has authorized the establishment of a library and museum, it will be well to place all the objects of interest to the public in the main building, and make this exclusively the show part of the establishment, devoting the wings and ranges, and rooms of the towers, to the business operations and other purposes of the Institution. In the present condition of affairs there is no part of the edifice to which the public has not access, and, conse- quently, business has to be transacted amidst constant interruptions. The loss of time and effective life to which all are exposed who occupy a position of notoriety in the city of Washington, is truly lamentable ; and where this is enhanced by facility of access to gratify mere curi- osity, the evil becomes scarcely endurable. Progress in business, under such circumstances, can only be made by an encroachment on the hours usually allotted to rest, and that, too, at the expense of wasted energies and shortened days. Publications.—During the past year the following memoirs, described in the previous reports, have been collected into volumes and distrib- uted to public institutions in this country and abroad : 1. Observations on Terrestrial Magnetism. 2. Researches on Electrical Rheometry. 3. Contributions to the Natural History of the fresh-water fishes of North America. 4. First part of the Marine Algze of the coast of the United States. 5. Plantze Wrightianz ‘Texano, Neo Mexicana, Part I. 6. Law of Deposit of the Flood Tide, its dynamical action and office. 7. Description of ancient works in Ohio. 8. Occultations visible in the United States during the year 1852. 9. A Grammar and Dictionary of the Dakota language. The memoir last mentioned occupies an entire volume, the fourth of the Smithsonian series of contributions. The other memoirs are con- tained in the third volume of the same series. The remaining memoirs, described in the last report, are still in the press, the printing of them having been delayed by the exhaustion of the appropriation for the year, and by several necessary corrections. A sufficient number of papers will, however, be printed in the course of a few months, with the new appropriation, to complete the fifth volume of Contributions; and if the means prove sufficient, we can readily issue the sixth volume during the present year. The result of the plan of publication has fully realized the anticipa- tions which were entertained regarding its usefulness. It supplies the food it feeds upon. ‘The appearance in the Contributions of a memoir on any subject immediately directs attention to that subject, and induces other laborers to engage in the same field of exploration. This is particularly manifest in the interest awakened with regard to the S. Mis. 53. 15 antiquities of our country, and to the languages of the Indian tribes, mE the publications of the Institution on these subjects. The following is an account of the memoirs received since the dau: of the last report: Contributions to the History of the Marine Algw of North America: By Dr. W. H. Harvey: Part 2. In the report for 1850 an account was given of the acceptance for publication of an extended and expensive memoir on the Marine Algz of the eastern and southern coasts of the United States, by Prof. Harvey, of the University of Dublin. The first part of fie memoir was published last spring, and has found much favor with the botanical world, as well as with the inhabitants and visitors of our seaboard. The second part of the same memoir is now printed, and will be ready for distribution in the course of a few weeks. It is illustrated by twenty-four plates, and comprises 240 pages of printed matter. The common name of the class of plants which forms the subject of this memoir, viz: seaweeds, has subjected the Institution to the charge of expending its funds on trifling and unworthy objects; and as the same objection may be made to many of the papers forming the series of Smithsonian Gontributions, a few words in vindication of researches of this character may not be inappropriate. Nothing in the whole system of nature is isolated or unimportant. The fall of a leaf and the motion of a planet are governed by the same laws. ‘The structure of a lichen and the formation of an oak are equally the resuit of definite plans. It is in the study of objects considered trivial and unworthy of notice by the casual observer that genius finds the most important and interesting phenomena. It was in the investigation of the varying colors of ~ the soap-bubble that Newton detected the remarkable fact of the fits of easy reflection and easy refraction presented by a ray of light in its passage through space, and. upon which he established the fundamental principle of the present generalization of the undulatory theory of light. Smithson himself, the founder of this Institution, considered the analysis of a tear as nowise unworthy of his peculiar chemical skill; and well might he so consider it; for the knowledge of the composition of every secretion of the body is of importance, in a physiological point of view, as well as in the preservation of health and the cure of disease. ~The study of the cause of the spasmodic muscular contraction of a frog, when brought into contact with two pieces of metal, revealed to Grice the first facts of the branch of science which now bears his name. The microscopic organization of animals and plants 1s replete with the highest instruction ; ; and; surely, in the language of one of the fathers of modern physical science, ‘nothing can be unworthy of being investigated by man which was thought worthy of being created by Gop.” These remarks are particularly applicable to the study of the lower classes of the organic creation. Nature everywhere exhibits economy of means in attaining the most complex and diversified ends. Ever result is produced in the simplest manner when viewed in relation to the whole design. All parts of organized beings, whether plants or animals, are formed of a few elementary structures, variously trans- 16 S. Mis. 53. formed and combined. To obtain a knowledge of the plan and_pro- cess of organization, we must begin with the most simple combina- tions, precisely as we would do in the study of mathematical analyses, in which the student commences with the least complicated formula, and gradually proceeds to those of a more involved character. It is for this reason that the study of the alge, or seaweeds, is of special interest to the physiologist. The framework of every vegetable is built up of cells or little membranous sacks. All vegetable structures, whether wood, bark, or leaves, are formed of aggregations of these cells, differently moulded and united. As we pass along the series of organized forms, we may descend from those of a higher to those of a lower complexity, until, in the class of alge, we arrive at plants of which the whole body is composed of a few cells strung together; and finally at others, the simplest of organized bodies, whose entire framework is a single cell. Now, it is only by a critical study of these rudimentary forms, and by tracing them into their complex combinations, that man can ever hope to arrive at a knowledge of the laws of organization. We might speak of the importance of a know- ledge of the algze in their application to agriculture and the chemical arts. But what we have here stated will be a sufficient reason for their study, independent of all minor considerations. The next memoir consists of an account of a series of researches in the comparative anatomy of the frog, by Dr. Jeffries Wyman, of Cam- bridge, Massachusetts. The whole animal kingdom may in one sense be considered as the different development of four separate plans of organization, giving rise to four different classes of animals, viz: the Radiata, the Articulata, Mollusca, and Vertebrata. Whatever discovery is made with regard to the organization of any of the species belonging to any one of these classes, tends to throw light on the organization of the whole class, and it is only by the careful study of all the different animals of a class, and a comparison of their analogous parts, that we can arrive at a knowledge of the general laws which pervade the development of the whole. Thus the study of human anatomy is the basis of the investigation of the anatomy of all animals with a back-bone; and conversely, the anatomy of any animal of this class tends to throw light on that of man. Dr. Wyman’s paper gives an account of a series of elaborate inves- tigations of the nervous system of a very common, but, in a physio- logical point of view, highly interesting animal. The following are the several points of the memoir: 1. An anatomical description of the more important part of the ner- vous system. 2. Comparisons between them and the corresponding organs ot other animals, both higher and lower in the scale. 3. The metamorphoses which they undergo, especially the spinal chord and some of the cranial nerves, showing the existence of a more complete analogy between the immature condition of Batrachian rep- tiles and the class of fishes, than has hitherto been noticed. 4, An application of the facts observed in connexion with the cranial nerves to the philosophical anatomy of the nervous system, showing S. Mis. 53. 17 what is believed to be the true nature of the special sense nerves, as contrasted with other cranial or the true spinal nerves, ” the con- formity of the other cranial nerves to the common spinal t The next communication has the following title: Plante Wrighti- ane T’exano, Neo Mexicano, Bart 2. By Oe Asa Gray, Professor of Botany in Harvard University.” It has been stated in two of the preceding reports that a small ap- propriation was made for botanical explorations in Texas and New Mexico, and that the results had been placed 1 in the hands of Dr. Gray for scientific investigation. The first memoir on this subject was de- scribed in the last report. It has been printed, and copies distributed to all the working botanists in this country and Europe. It also forms a part of the third volume of the ‘* Smithsonian Contributions.” The object of the present memoir is to give a scientific account of the collections made by Mr. Wright, under the direction of Col. J. D. Graham, U. 8. Top: ygraphic al Engineers, and Major W. H. Emory, of the Boundary Commission, in New Mexico and in Eastern Texas, during the summer and autumn of 1851, and the spring and early part of the summer of 1852 The description of the pli ie from this region was previously carried as far as the order composite. In the present paper, Dr. Gray g elves a similar account of the recent collections up to the same point, fa re- serves the other portions of these collections made by Mr. Wright, with the remainder of the undescribed plants of Fendler and Lindheimer, to be described ina general memoir. One portion of the collection was made from July to November, from El Paso to the Copper Mines of Santa Rita del Cobre, in the southwestern part of New Mexico; and thence into the northern part of the Mexican State of Sonora, as far as Santa Cruz, returning to the Copper Mines by way of Guadalupe Pass, and thence bac Kk to El Paso. The plants obtained during this tour are of exceeding inte GESis and comprise a larger portion of new species than any other collection that has fallen into Dr. Gray’s hands. Another portion was obtained in the vicinity of Kl Paso and the rancho of Frontera, and down the Rio Grande for sixty or sevent miles; also, up the valley of the river as far as Camp Fillmore, and thence into ae Orange mountains, which bound the valley on the east. _ Another collection was made in a hasty excursion to Lake St. Marieand Lake Gustman, in Chibuahua. These several collections afford many novelties; no botanist having previously explored this region at the - same season of the year. It is expected that a full account of the topography and productions of this country will be given in the reports of Colonel Graham and Major Emory. The interest which attaches to the results of explorations of this kind is not confined to the botanist, but extends to the physical geogra- pher and the political economist. An accurate description of the botany of a region is a sure guide to a knowledge of its power of pro- ducing and sustaining vegetable and animal lite, and consequently of its value in a commercial and political point of view. Dr. Leidy, of Philadelphia, has presented a memoir on. the extinct ~ 18 S. Mis. 53. species of the ox of America. Jn this paper he indicates the former existence of four species of the ox which were probably cotempora- neous with the Mastodon and the Megalonyx. Fossil remains of these animals have been frequently found in the United States, and descrip- tions of them are scattered through various works; but no approach has before been made to a correct view of the number and character of the species. The present existing species of ox are found indige- nous in every part of the world except South America and Australia, and this is the more remarkable because the domestic ox mtroduced into the former country by Europeans exists in immense herds on the pampas in a wild state. There is a similar fact with regard to the horse. America at the period of its discovery possessed no indigenous quadruped of this kind, though the climate is highly favorable to its existence, and the remains of two extinct species are frequently found. Two of the species of ox described by Dr. Leidy belong to the genus Bison, and one of these is of gigantic size. 'The other two species belong to a new genus called Bootherium. Another memoir presented by the same author forms an interesting addition to our knowledge of the extinct gigantic sloth tribe of North America. It comprises a description of remains of the Megalonya, ’ ~ Mylodon, Megatherium, and of a new genus called Eriptodon. y g g hE The scientific world is indebted for the first account of the remains of a large extinct quadruped of the sloth tribe to President Jefferson. Fragments of the bones of this animal were found in a saltpetre cave in Greenbrier county, Virginia. They were regarded with little or no interest by the persons who first observed them; and as they encum- bered the saltpetre bed, would probably have been thrown out and suffered to decay, had not the news of their existence reached the ears of the distinguished individual before mentioned. Though de-» voted to politics, he was too much of a philosopher not to see in these mouldering fragments of a skeleton, objects of high interest connected with the past history of our globe. He described them in a memoir ublished in the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society at Philadelphia’ in 1797, and gave to the animal to which they belong the name of Megalonyx, or the great claw. The materials, however, in his possession were too scanty to allow of his determining the true character of the quadruped. Dr. Wistar, of Philadelphia, suspected the animal to have been a gigantic sloth; and this was confirmed by Cuvier, from the ample materials for comparison at his command. The original bones described by Jefferson were preserved in the collection of the Philosophical Society; but besides these, Dr. Leidy had access to specimens of the remains of the same animal, found in different parts of the United States. From the study of these he has been enabled to throw much additional light upon the characters of the Megalonyx. He considers that the only remains yet known are confined to those found in the United States, and satisfactorily proves that the lower jaw of an extinct quadruped discovered by Dr. Darwin in South America, and referred by naturalists to the Megalonyx of Jef erson, does not belong to an animal of the same genus. The remains of the Mylodon, or gigantic sloth, were first discovered by Darwin in his researches in the southern part of South America. | S. Mis. 53. 19 Remains of another species found in North America were described by Dr: Harlan, but were erroneously referred to the Megalonyz. Dr. Leidy, i in his memoir, describes the collection of the remains of this animal belonging to the New York eae The Megatherium, which is the largest of all the extinct sloth tribe, when full grown, was more than fourtee on feet long, mceluding the tail, and eight feet high. It was first discovered in South America, but has since been found i in Georgia; and it was from this locality, the only one in the United States yet known, that the remains described by Dr. Leidy were obtained. The fourth and new genus of American sloths, called the Eriptodon by the author, is es ali shed upon a peculi ur form of teeth which be- longed to an animal of about the size of the Megalonyx, the bones of which were also found in Georgia. Dr. Hays, one of the commission to which this memoir was sub- mitted, remarks in his report, that “the author has not only made valuable additions to our knowledge of an interesting tribe of animals, but has also collected and arranged the facts prev iously known so as to throw new light on the su bject, and to render his memoir an im- portant starting point for future investigators.” Grammar of the Choctaw language-—The publication of the volume — on the Dakota language, described in the last report, has called forth another important memoir on comparative philology, namely, a gram- mar of the Choctaw language, by the Rev. Harvey Byington, for ‘thirty years a missionary among the Indians. It was referred for ecammoton to Professor Felton, of Cambridge, and to Professor Gibbs, of Yale College, both of whom pronounc sal it an important addition to ethnology, and warmly recommended its publication. 'The work was afterwards placed in the hands of Pro- fessor W. W. Turner, formerly Professor of Hebrew in the New York Theological Seminary, now librarian of the United States Patent Office. Previous to sending it to the press, the author, after numerous inter- views with Professor Turner, concluded that his memoir was suscep- tible of so much improvement by a further study of the language, that he asked leave to withdraw it for a time. ‘This request was of course granted, and Mr. Byington has returned to his missionary labors, and will again present the work atter it has received the desired i improvements ~ Reports and other minor publications—Since the date of the last re- port to the Regents, the following articles have been printed and partially disttibute di: 1. Directions for making collections in natural history. This is a pamphlet of twenty-four pages, by Professor Baird, and is much called tor by the correspondents of the Institution. 2. A work by Professor Jewett, containing an exposition of the sys- tem adopted by the Smithsonian Institution for constructing catalogues of libraries, by means of separate stereotype titles, with rules for the guidance of librarians, and examples for illustration. This work is comprised in seventy-eight pages, and though not large, it has been produced at the expense of much time and labor. ° 3. A second emission of the report on the recent improvements in the chemical arts has been printed, and in part distributed. This work 1a 207 S. Mis. 53. is stereotyped, and therefore copies can be supplied at any time, at a comparatively small cost. 4, A description of the portraits of the North American Indians in the gallery of the Smithsonian Institution, by the painter of the portraits, J. M. Stanley, esq. This is a pamphlet of seventy-six pages, and con- tains brief sketches of the characters and incidents in the history of forty-three different tribes of Indians. 5. The first part of the collection of tables to facilitate meteorological and other calculations, by Professor Guyot: this was mentioned in the last report, and has een stereotyped and distributed. It is a very acceptable present to the meteorological observers of the Institution, and other persons engaged in scientific investigations. Several reports on different subjects are in progress of preparation; but the appropriation for this part of the programme of operations is at present so small, that the completion of them has not been urged upon the authors. The first part of the report on forest trees, by Dr. Gray, of Cambridge, will be ready for the press the latter part of the present or beginning of the next year. Distribution of publications and exchanges.—Copies of the Smithsonian Contributions to knowledge are sent to all the first-class libraries and literary and scientific societies of the world, and in return the Insti- tution receives an equivalent in Transactions and other publications. After the printing of the first volume of Contributions was completed, a copy of it and of the programme of organization were sent to the principal foreign literary and scientific institutions, with the request that they would exchange publications, on the condition that a volume of equal importance should be presented to them annually. At first the number of responses to this proposition was small; but since the character of the Institution has become known and appreciated, the works received in exchange have rapidly increased in number and importance. The whole number of articles received durmg 1852 is four thousand seven hundred and forty-four, which is more than three times that of all the previous years. ‘The publications received in many cases consist of entire sets of Transactions, the earlier volumes of which are out of print, and cannot be purchased. They are of use in carrying on the various investigations of the Institution, and of value to the country as works of reference. They ought not to be considered donations to the library, but the products of the active opera- tions, which the Institution is at liberty to dispose of in the manner best suited to further its designs. The principal object, however, of the distribution of the Smithsonian volumes, is not to procure a large library in exchange, but to diffuse among men a knowiedge of the new truths discovered by the agency of the Smithsonian fund. The worth and importance of the Institution is not to be estimated by what it accu- mulates within the walls of its building, but by what it sends forth to the world. Its great mission is to facilitate the use of implements of research, and to diffuse the knowledge which this use may develop. The Smithsonian publications are sent to some institutions abroad, and to the greater majority of those at home, without, any return except, in some cases, that of co-operation in meteorological and other obser- vations. Applications for these publications have now become so nv- S. Mis. 53. 21 merous that the edition printed will supply but a part of the demand, and it becomes a difficult matter to select the places which will Beet subserve the object of rendering them accessible to the greatest number of persons who would be be nefited by their perusal. In connexion with the distribution of its own publications, the Insti- tution has adopted an arrangement to promote and es tablish a more general exchange of literary and _ scientific productions between this and other countries. For this purpose it receives packages from soci- eties and individuals in the different parts of the United States, and transmits them to England or the continent, and through its agents dis- tributes them to the parties for whom they are intended. It also receives the articles sent in return, and forwards them to those to whom they are addressed. To facilitate this operation, the packages to the Institution are addressed to the collector’ of customs in New York, and by him, on the certificate of the Secretary, admitted free of duty, and without the del: iy of an examination. Tn carrying out this plan, the Institution is much indebted to the liberal course adopted by the government of Great Britain, and to the ready co-operation of the Royal Society of London. All packages intended for Great Britain, for some parts of the continent, and the East Indies, are directed to the care of the Royal Society, and on the certificate of its president are, by a special order of the government, admitted duty free, and without the delay and risk of inspection. The packages are afterwards distributed by the agent of the Institution, or by those of the society. This system of exchange does not stop here. The Royal Society has adopted the same plan with reference to Great Britain, and all other parts of the world; and the Smithsonian Institution, in turn, becomes an agent in receiving and distributing all packages the society desires to send to this country. A general system of interna- tional communication, first started by the Institution for the distribution of its own publications, has thus been established, which will tend to render the results of the labors of each country in the line of literature and science common to all, and to produce a community of interest and of relations of the highest importanc e to the advance of-know- ledge, and of kindly feeling “ among me mn? The results of the operations of the system of foreign exchanges during the year 1852, are exceedingly | gratifying. The whole number of packages sent out, including the Smilisonien publications, is 572 containing 9,195 articles, and w -eighing 9, 855 pounds. There have bee received, i in addition to the 4 745 artic ‘les for this Institution, 637 pack- ages, containing an Gila number of volumes, for other institutions in this country. The details of the business of the exchanges are intrusted to Professor Baird, and I would refer, for a particular state- ment of all the facts connected with it, to his report, herewith sub- mitted. The planet Neptune.-—It has been mentioned in the last annual reports that Mr. S. C. Walker, of the U. 8. Coast Survey, prepared, at the expense of the Smithsonian Institution, a memoir containing an exposi- tion of the elements of the true orvit of the planet ee and that from this orbit and the mathematical investigation of Professor Pierce 22 S. Mis. 53. of Cambridge, an ephemeris of Neptune had been deduced, which has been accepted by all the astronomers of the world, as the only certain guide to the position of the planet. ‘This ephemeris was prepared for 1848 and 1849, at the expense of the Institution; but since the last mentioned date it has been calculated at the expense of the appropria- tion for the Nautical Almanac, while the cost of printing and distribu- tion has been defrayed by the Institution. The same arrangement will continue tor the ephemeris of 1853 and 1854, after which the whole will be turned over to the Nautical Almanac. Occultations—The moon in her passage eastward around the earth continually passes between us and the fixed stars or planets which le in her path, and obscures them from our view. ‘The mstant of the disappearance of a star behind the moon, or the occultation of a star, as the phenomenon is called, can be noted by observers widely separ- ated from each other, and hence this phenomenon becomes a ready means of determining the difference of longitude between two places. The employment of occultations for fixing geographical positions is easy, and leads to accuracy in the results. The telescope may be of moderate size, and requires no accurate adjustment; the position assigned it may be such as to suit the convenience of the observer. The frequent occurrence of occultations renders the use of them of great importance to the travelling observer, and the publication of lists of these, and of tables for their reduction, is essential to the improvement of geography. They are of particular value in this country on account of the frequent exploring and surveying expeditions now carried on by our government and our people, and to be continued for an indefinite time in the extensive territory of the West and the newly acquired pos- sessions of the Southwest. Tables of occultations were prepared and published at the expense of this Institution for 1849 and 1850, but for subsequent years the expense of their preparation has been defrayed by the appropriation for the Nautical Almanac, under the direction of Lieut. Davis, while the composition and press-work is still at the ex- pense of the Institution. As soon as the Nautical Almanac is fully commenced, the publication of these tables will be entirely relinquished to this enterprise of the government. Up to 1850 the tables published were of occultations visible in the United States. Since, however, the preparation of the tables has been in charge of the director of the Nautical Almanac, the list has been so extended as to make it useful to geographers in general as well as to those of the United States. This extension was rendered important on account of the surveys undertaken by our government in other parts of the globe. Also, a table has been added, giving the correction of the latitude due to the oblate spheroidal figure of the earth. When we consider the character and condition of the vast continent of North America, which it belongs to us chiefly to reduce to a habit- able and civilized state, we shall perceive that the practical scientific explorer has no higher duty than to settle the geography, the magnet- ism, the natural history, and the climate of these regions. Researches.—At the session of the Regents in 1849, an appropriation was made to supply Lieutenant Gilliss with a telescope for his expe- dition to Chili, to aid him in his observations, for a new determination S. Mis. 53. 23 of the distance of the inferior planets, and, consequently, of the actual distances of the several members of the solar system. A subsequent appropriation was made for the purchase of an astronomical clock for the same purpose. The first appropriation was repaid to the Insti- tution by a grant from ees to cover the expenses of the expedi- tion, and the second will alse be reimbursed by the purchase of the clock and all the other instruments by the C hilian government, for the permanent establishment of an observatory in that country. By these operations, the Institution has been the means of render- ing essential aid to science, without, in the end, diminishing the amount oii its income. Lieutenant Gilliss, after volunt: irily exiling himself from his family and his country for four years, has returned with a rich har- vest of materials in astronomy, met teorology, magnetism, and natural history, in the reduction, generalization, and description of which the Institution may also furnish important aid. The sum of one hundred and fifty dollars has been advanced to Prof. C. B. Adams, of Amherst College, to defray in part the expense of an exploration of the molluscs of the West Indies. This subject is intimately connected with the geological changes which have taken place on the surface of our globe ; s and it was particularly with refer- ence to this point that Prof. Adams has undertaken these researches. This is his second expedition to the same regions; and in both instances the Smithsonian Institution has seconded his proposition, and warmly recommended it to the favorable consideration of the trustees of Am- herst College. A small sum appropriated in this way, though not enough in eel to produce much effect, is still sufficient to complete the amount to be raised, and thus serve to determine the commencement of the enterprise. Meteorology.—The general system of observations relative to the meteorology of the continent of North America, described in the pre- vious reports, has been continued and extended. It consists at present of the following classes, viz: , 1. The Smithsonian system proper, made up of voluntary observers in different parts of the United States, who report immediately to the Institution. 2. The system of observations of the University of the State of New York, re-established under the direction of this Institution, and ‘supported by the State of New York. 3. The system of observations instituted under the direction of this Institution, by the State of Massachusetts. 4. The extended system of observations made at the several military posts of the United States, under the direction of the Surgeon General of the army. 5. Separate series of observations by exploring and sur veying parties, in some cases directed, and in part furnished with instruments, by this Institution. 6. Meteorological records from British America, consisting of obser- vations made at the various posts of the Hudson’s Bay Company , and at the residence of private individuals in Canada. In the first three of these classes there are about two, hundred ob- servers distributed over the entire continent. In the older States they 24 S. Mis. 53. are very thickly distributed, and they are entirely wanting in none. Texas, Arkansas, Indian Territory, Missouri, lowa, and Minnesota, have each competent and reliable observers reporting directly to the Smithsonian Institution, in addition to those at the military posts, which are in the same regions. Farther westward, and more widely separated, the observers at the military posts, and those of surveying and exploring parties, continue the connexion of the system to the Pacific coast, where the number of military posts is greater, and private observers are again found. The New York system embraces twenty-five academies as stations, furnished with new and reliable instruments at the expense of the State. In Massachusetts twelve sattions are furnished in like manner, of which eight have reported. In 1852 ninety-seven military posts reported meteorological observa- tions, and for 1853 the number will be greater rather than less. The whole number of stations and observers available in making the deductions for 1852 was three hundred and fifty; and this number, either reporting directly to the Institution or furnishing their observa- tions for its use, may be relied upon for the current year. Besides the observations derived from this general system, a large collection has been procured from individuals in different parts of the country, who have kept records of the weather, in some cases for many years. ‘T'his collection was obtained by issuing a circular from the Institution, requesting copies of any records which might have been kept relative to the climate of this country. The amount of information received in answer to this circular was far greater than was expected, and much more valuable matter was thus called forth than was previ- ously known to exist. In order that the materials procured from the aforementioned sources may be rendered available for scientific or practical purposes, it is necessary that they should be reduced, discussed, and arranged for publication. This work was commenced at the close of 1851, and has been prosecuted with considerable vigor during the past year. It was given by me in charge to Mr. Lorin Blodget, of western New York, who has engaged in the work with much ardor, has devoted to it his whole time and attention, and evinced an unusual degree of talents for investigations of this character. The results which have thus far been obtained are of interest to the science of meteorology, and valuable to the practical arts of life. The following is a descriptive list of the deductions presented in a tabular form: Temperature Tables. 1. Tables of general mean temperature for a series of years, em- bracing a summary of the annual means for the years 1849, 1850, 1851, and 1852, with a general summary of reliable obser- vations of mean temperature on the North American continent. 2. Tables of mean temperature for each month, season, and year, for 1849, 1850, 1851, and 1852, embracing 273 stations in 1849; 284 in 1850; 300 in 1851; and 396 in 1852. S. Mis. 53. 25 3. Tables of mean temperature at each observed hour for the same periods and the same stations. 4. ‘Tables of the monthly extremes of temperature, with the range above and below the monthly mean, for the same periods and the same stations. 5. Collection of tables of temperature at different stations, observed for a series of years. 6. Miscellaneous tables of temperature, not conforming entirely to either of the above divisions. The first class of tables embraces six hundred and seventy stations, distributed over the entire continent, from the West’ Indies and Mexico to the Polar seas. The second class has a more limited range, and is generally confined to the United States and its territories, as observed by the military system, and that of the Smithsonian Institution, with a few stations in Canada and the British possessions on this continent. The third class of tables is nearly the same in extent with the pre- ceding, and for three complete years—1850, 1851, and 1852. The fourth class is of the same extent and time. The fifth is a climatic arrangement of tables from various stations, extending in continuous series over periods varying from five to sixty years. Tables of Precipitation. 1. Tables of distribution of precipitation in rain and melted snow for each month, season, and year, for 1849, 1850, 1851, and 1852. 2. General tables of precipitation for a series of years, containing the results of the preceding tables, with a general summary of all reliable and accessible observations of fall of rain on the North American continent. These tables give results from about four hundred stations, principally in the United States, its Territories, and the West Indies. 3. Irregular tables and single series, extending over long periods, and where reliable observations have been made. A series of charts has been constructed to exhibit the distribution of temperature on the North American continent, by isothermal lines ; and also another series, illustrative of the distribution of precipitation for each month, season, and year of 1850, 1851, and 1852, and. for the periods given in the general tables. It is proposed to present these results to Congress as a part of the annual report of the Regents, and as the first fruit of the labors of the Smithsonian Institution on the subject of meteorology. Catalogue of Libraries —In addition to the preparation of the work previously mentioned, Professor Jewett has continued his experiments on the new process of stereotyping, to be used in his system of cata- loguing. Much difficulty and delay have been experienced in the prose- cution of these experiments, on account of the want ot workmen to construct the pecuhar apparatus required. ‘The services of an iIngeni- ous and skilful artisan have, however, been secured, and the process 1s now brought to such a state of completeness that it can be applied 26 «S Mis. 58. with certainty, and abridgment of labor, to produce the best specimens of typography. The system of catalogues described in previous reports, though future experience may suggest other improvements, is now apparently perfect in all its details. A stereotyping office has been established in the basement of the west wing of the Smithsonian building, and the Insti- tution is ready to commence the formation of a general catalogue of the principal libraries of the United States. The commission to which the catalogue system was referred, recommended that meas- ures be taken to procure the preparation and printing of the cata- logue of the Library of Congress. ‘The cost of the first collection of stereotype titles can be best borne by this library, and it will be the first to reap the benefit of this invention. The stereotype blocks of the titles can be preserved in the Institution, and a new catalogue annually furnished at a small expense, with all the additions inserted in their proper places. The same titles will be employed in printing the catalogues of other libraries, and the new titles which may be pre- pared for these will, in turn, be used for the Library of Congress. I beg leave to commend this subject to the immediate consideration of the Board of Regents. The whole plan is in perfect harmony with the active operations, and has always received my cordial commenda- tion. The Institution has incurred the expense of reducing it to prae- tice so far as it depends on mechanical arrangements, and it now only requires to be applied, to realize all the benefits which have been anticipated in regard to it, to do honor to the Institution and to confer deserved reputation on its author.* Laibrary.—During the last year the library has received important additions from the books presented in exchange for the volumes of the Smithsonian Contributions and other publications. The whole value of the works thus received during the year, according to the estimate of Professor Baird, is not less than from four to five thousand dollars. From this source alone a highly interesting and valuable collection of books, pertaining to all branches of positive knowledge, will, in time, be obtained. The reputation which the publications of the Institution have given it abroad, has induced individuals to present quite a number of valuable works to the library. For an account of the whole, I must refer to the report of Prof. Jewett, herewith submitted. The library has also been increased by the purchase of such books as were required in the operations of the Institution, and with a series of scientific and other periodicals. The copyright law is still in existence, and the library has received, during the past year, the usual number of articles from this source. The remark, however, may again be made with truth, that the action of this law, as it now exists, imposes a burden on the Institution from which it should be relieved. The whole number of articles, according to the report of Professor Jewett, now in the library, is twenty-one thousand seven hundred. *Nore.—Since this report was presented to the Board of Regents, Congress has appro- priated three thousand dollars to commence the catalogue of its library on the stereotype plan, under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution. S. Mis. 53. 27 © Museum of Natural Histury.—The additions to the collection in natural history, under the persevering efforts of Professor Baird, have increased in a compound ratio over those of previous years. Large additions will also be made by the exploring expeditions which are about to leave for the different parts of this continent and distant seas, but the expense of preparing and transporting these, it 1s hoped will be defrayed by the general government. For 2 detailed account of the number and variety of the specimens collected, I must refer to Professor Baird’s report accompanying this communication. Gallery of Art—bBesides a library, a museum, and lectures, the act of Congress establishing the Smithsonian Institution directed the forma- tion of a gallery of art. The only articles belonging to the Institution which have been yet collected, in accordance with the last-mentioned regulation of Congress, are the valuable series of engravings by the old masters, described in a previous report. One of the original propo- sitions of the programme is that of encouraging art, by providing a suitable room for the exhibition of pictures free of expense to the artist. In accordance with this, the large room in the west wing will be devoted to this purpose. It now contains a very interesting series of portraits, mostly full-size, of one hundred and fifty-two North Ameri- can Indians, with sketches of the scenery of the country they inhabit, deposited by the artist who painted them, Mr. J. M. Stanley. These portraits were all taken from life, and are accurate representations of the peculiar features of prominent individuals of forty-three different tribes, inhabiting the southwestern prairies, New Mexico, California, and Oregon. The faithfulness of the likenesses has been attested by a number of intelligent persons who have visited the gallery, and have immediately recognised among the portraits those of the individuals with whom they have been personally acquainted. The author devoted to the work of obtaining these pictures ten years of his life, and per- severingly devoted himself to his task in the face of difficulties and dangers which enthusiasm in the pursuit could alone enable him to encounter. he Institution has published a descriptive catalogue of these portraits, which are of interest to the ethnologist as representa- tives of the peculiar physiognomy, as well as of many of the customs, of the natives of this continent. Lectures of the Institution —Public lectures have become one of the characteristics of the day, and next to the press, perhaps, tend more than any other means of diffusing knowledge, to impress the public mind. The liberal price paid by the Lowell Institute, and some of the asso- ciations in our large cities, induces men of reputation to devote them- selves to the preparation of popular lectures. In some parts of the country a number of adjacent cities or villages enter into an arrangement by which the same lecture may be repeated, in succession, at each place; and in this way the amount paid becomes suflicient to call forth the best talent. A plan of this kind has been adopted by the Athense- um of Richmond, Virginia, with reference to the lectures before the Smithsonian Institution,-the effect of which has been mutually benefi- cial. Popular lectures appear better adapted to present literary and historical facts, and to give information relative to subjects of art and of morals, than to impart knowledge of scientific principles. These 28 S. Mis. 53. require more attention and continuous thought than can be generally expected from a promiscuous audience. Hence the scientific lecturer frequently aims at a brilliant display of experiments, rather than to impress the mind with general principles. Local lectures are too limited in their influence to meet a liberal interpretation of the will of Smithson; yet they were ordered by Congress, and are calculated to do more good in this city than in any other part of the Union. Tn selecting lecturers the consideration of mere popular effect has not been regarded. The persons chosen have been such as to give weight to the lecture, and to reflect credit on the Institution. The object has been to give instruction rather than amusement—to improve the public taste, rather than to elicit popular applause. The Institution, to be respected, must maintain a dignified character, and seek rather to direct public opinion than to obtain popularity by an opposite course. The moral effect which the lectures have on the city of Washington cannot be otherwise than beneficial. When the weather will permit, the room is every evening crowded before the hour of commencement with an intelligent audience. The lecturers have generally been per- sons from a distance, who have expressed surprise to find such a large and respectful attendance in a city which is commonly thought to be exclusively devoted to politics and amusement. ‘The plan of inviting gentlemen of reputation and influence from a distance renders the Smithsonian operations familiar to those best qualified to appreciate their value, and best able to give a correct account of the character of the Institution in their own districts of country, as well as to vindicate its claims to the confidence and friendly regard of the public. The results of this course, and the distribution of the volumes of Contributions to colleges and other institutions, it is hoped, will so establish the Institution in the good opinion of the intelligent and influ- ential part of the community, that it may bid defiance to the assaults of those who are ignorant of its true character, or are disappointed. in not sharing its honors without the talents or the industry to win them. The following is a list of the titles of lectures given during the last session of Congress, with the names of the gentlemen by whom they were delivered : A course of three lectures by Dr. E. K. Kane, U. 8. N., on Arctic exploration. A course of three lectures by President Mark Hopkins, of Williams College, on method applied to investigation. A course of four lectures by Prot. W. B. Rogers, of the University of Virginia, on the phases of the atmosphere. A course of twelve lectures by Dr. Benjamin Silliman, sr., of Yale College, on geology. A course of two lectures by Prof. C. C. Felton, of Harvard Univer- sity, on Greek literature. One lecture by Job R. Tyson, esq., of Philadelphia: Queen Eliza- beth and Oliver Cromwell, their characters and times, contrasted and compared, . S. Mis. 53. oe A course of six lectures by Dr. B. A. Gould, jr., of Cambridge, on the recent progress of astronomy. A course of six lectures by Prof. Louis Agassiz, of Cambridge, on the foundation of symmetry in the animal kingdom. A course of six lectures by Prof. B. Silliman, j jr-, on the four ancient elements—earth, air, fire, and water. Omitted from previous report: A course of twelve lectures by Dr. Henry Goadby, on the structure and functions of insects. In the last report to the Regents, some general remarks were made relative to the library and museum, and n¢ othing has since occurred to change the opinions then expressed; on the contrary, the experience of another year has tended to confirm these opinions, and to clearly exhibit the fact that it will be impossible to continue with the present income some of the most important operations, and rigidly adhere to ° the resolution of the Regents of 1847, to devote one half of the whole income to the library and museum, besides all the expenditures still required on thebuilding for the accommodation of these objects. By a reference to the annual re ports of the Executive Committee, it will be seen that the general incidental expenses have continually increased from year to year, and it is evident that they must continue to increase in a geometrical ratio, on account of the greater repairs which, in time, will be required on the building. After deducting from the income the cost of repairs, lighting, and heating ; of messenger, attendants, and watchmen; of stationery, transportation, and postage; after dividing the remainder by two, and deducting from the quotient the expense of the public lectures, the final sum to be devoted to the most important, and, indeed, the only legitimate object of the bequest, is exceedingly small. The attempt has, however, been made in good faith to carry out the resolution of February, 1847; and if items “which may properly be charged to the library and collections were added to this side of the account, the balance up to the present date would be in favor of the active operations. But the plan has not been found to work well in practice. The income is too sm all to properly support more than one system of operations, and therefore the attempt to establish and sustain three departments, with separate ends and separate interests, must lead to inharmonious action, and conseque ntly to diminished usefulness. However proper such a division of the income might have been in the beginning, in order to harmonize conflicting opinions, and to submit with proper caution the several proposed sc hemes to a judicious trial, the same considerations do not now exist for its continuance ; changes have since occurred which materially alter the conditions on which the resolution was founded. The plan of active operations was not at first fully understood even by the literary men of the country. It was considered chimerical, and ine apable of: being continued for any length of time; and hence it was thought import: ant to provide for the means of falling back upon a library and collections. ‘The experie nce of six years has, however, established its practic ability and importance, and it is now considered by the great majority of intelligent persons who have studied the subject the only direct means of realizing the ied 30 S. Mis. 53. intention of the donor. Again: the building was to have been finished in five years, and the income after this was to be increased by the interest on the remaining surplus fund; but the Regents have found it necessary for the better security of the library and museum to add fifty thousand dollars to the cost of the edifice; and ten years will have elapsed from the beginning, instead of five, before any income from the surplus fund will be available. This additional expense is not incurred for the active operations, and the question may be asked whether they ought to bear any part of this additional burden. Further- more, at the time the division was made, it was thought obligatory on the part of the Institution to support the great museum of the exploring expedition ; but the Regents have since concluded that it is not advisa- ble to take charge of this collection; and Congress, by its appropriation for the enlargement of the Patent Office, concurred in the opinion ex- pressed in the Senate by the Hon. Jefferson Davis, that it was a gift which ought not to be pressed upon the Institution. The inquiry may also, in this case, be made whether it is advisable in the present state of the funds, and the wants of the active operations, to expend any considerable portion of the income in the reproduction of a collection of objects of nature and art. Again: the active operations are procur- ing annually for the library, by exchange, a large number of valuable books, which, in time, of themselves will form a rare and valuable collection, and even if the division of the income is to be continued, a sum equal in amount to the price of these books ought to be charged to the library, and an equal amount credited to the active operations. Though a large library connected with the Institution would be valuable in itself; and convenient to those who are in the immediate vicinity of the Smithsonian building, yet, as has been said before, it is not essentially necessary to the active operations. It would be of comparatively little importance to the greater number of the co-labor- ers of the Institution, who are found in every part of the United States, and are not confinedeven to these limits. The author of the great work on the American Algee, now publishing in the Smithsonian Con- tributions, is a resident member of Trinity College, Dublin; and but few of the authors of the Smithsonian memoirs reside in Washington. The libraries, therefore, of the whole country, and in some cases of other countries, are at the service of the Institution, and employed for its purposes. Similar remarks apply to the museum. It is not the intention of the Institution to attempt to examine and describe within the walls of its own building all the objects which may be referred to it. To accomplish this, a corps of naturalists, each learned in his own branch, would be required, at an expense which the whole income would be inadequate to meet. In the present state of knowledge, that profound attainment necessary to advance science can only be made by an individual, however gifted, but in one or two narrow lines ; and hence a number of members are required to complete a single class in any of the learned academies of Europe; and therefore the plan which was once proposed, of establishing on the Smithsonian fund an academy of associated members, was entirely incompatible with the limited income of the Institution. 'The more feasible and far less — : S. Mis. 53. al expensive organization was adopted, of referring all scientific questions of importance, as well as objects of natural history, for investigation to persons of reputation and Weetaae in different parts of the United States, and perhaps, in some cases, in foreign countries. By the operation of this plan, which has been found eminently practicable, the collections, as well as the libraries of the whole country, are ren- dered subservient to the use of the Institution. There can be but little doubt that, in due time, ample provision will be made for a library and museum at the capital of this Union worthy of a government whose perpetuity depends upon the virtue and intelli- gence of the people. It is, therefore, unwise to hamper the more im- portant objects of this Institution, by attempting to anticipate results which will be eventually produced without the expenditure of its means. The prominent idea embraced in the Smithsonian organization, is that of codperation and concerted action with all institutions and indi- viduals engaged in the ee of knowledge. Its design is not to monopolize any part of the wide fields of nature or of art, but to invite all to partake in the pleasure and honor of their cultivation. It seeks not to encroach upon ground occupied by other institutions, but to ex- pend the funds in doing that which cannot be as well done by other means. It gives to ihe words of Smithson their most liberal inter- pretation, and “increases and diffuse knowledge among men” by pro- moting the discovery of new truths, and by disseminating these in — every “part of the civilized world. Respectfully submitted, JOSEPH HENRY, Secretary Smithsonian Tisiiuiian: a> 32 S. Mis. 53. REPORT OF THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY, IN CHARGE OF THE LIBRARY. PRESENTED JANUARY, 1853. To the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution: Sir: The following table exhibits the number of books and other articles added to the library during the year 1852, with the sources from which they have been received : g 2 Sp cae seals 2 co | & | Totals 47a a | & jee | eae ° g fs op a z S Ee| 5 Ss a a S 2 ~ FO UA 1 FAY cetieia lh se tl aN) | By purchase..-..------ 641) 908) M568 ese 305 al eer =| eee eee | 3,127 By exchanges and dona- | DONE ER ae veo 1,481 |} 1,935] 171 107) 12698) Saeeee eee 41 5,336 Byacopycight. ci s.ce< 476 96 26 15 10} 692 9 19 1,343 Motal ses ic 33 2,598 | 2,949 | 1,765 25 | 1,708} 692 9 60 9,806 The present extent of the various collections in the library is shown by the following table : é ; = 2 ; op = | Totals. a a wo = a I — a 3 Bil aes Bb ag eta |e eS 5 Ss x a = q re) = 4 x = a a A o Byapurchase. 22 -)4-- 3,873 | 957/11,568 | 1,335 2) gaa sepa Gers cin eee W5600 By exchanges and dona- HOM = wel os cetera 2,657 | 3,872) 171 5S Wl 25)| Peat 30 A} 8,554 By copyright. ./.--..... 2,304 | 213 26 24 51 | 1,826 9 86 4,539 WpqGeporit....- 22. c0.. (3) casera eles "= ==> = creel eee he sec e Reeeeel eee ee 873 : WMobalseoelei<,-= -\- 9,707 | 5,042 | 1,765 | 1,417 | 1,778 | 1,826 39} 127) 21,701 From these statements it will be seen that the library has nearly doubled in size during the year. Its greatest increase has been by exchange. ‘The accessions from this source are nearly five times in number those of the preceding year. They may be considered but the first fruits of the system of scientific and literary exchange estab- lished and sustained by this Institution. They show, also, that the S. Mis. 53. 33 benefits derivable by the library from its connexion with the system of active operations had not been over-estimated. A considerable portion of the money expended in publications returns in the shape of books for the library. These, again, are constantly increasing the efficiency and interest of the publications. The value of the books received by exchange cannot be estimated by their numbers, or even their nominal price. They are works of the first importance to the scientific student, and which it is very difficult to procure by purchase, even with large funds at command. The most important of the works procured by exchange are the memoirs and proceedings of learned societies. A more particular ac- count of these is given in the report of Professor Baird. It is seldom the case that a society which has been in operation many years, is in possession of the earlier volumes of its memoirs. On this account many of our sets are incomplete. The deficiencies can only be supplied by purchase, as opportunities may occur. Our collection of the later publications of learned societies throughout the world is by far the Inost extensive in this country, and we hope it will, before many years, be made complete. Among other costly and important works which have been presented to the Libr: ary during the year, the following deserve to be particularly mentioned: Vayage autour du Monde sur la corvette la Favorite, 1830—31—32, in 5 yols. Svo., with 84-maps, charts, and engravings, in folio. Voyage autour du Monde sur la frigate la Venus, 1836-9, in 9 vols. Svo., with four atlases, in folio, of maps and illustrations. ‘oyage au Pole sud sur les corvettes L’ Astrolabe et la Zélée, 1837-40, in 17 vols. 8vo., with illustrations of scenery and natural history in 85 livraisons folio, il a hydrographical atlas of 57 sheets. Voyage autour du Globe de ta frégate la Thétis et de la corvette DP? Espérance, 1824-26, in 2 vols. 4to., with an atlas in folio. These works published by the French government are superbly printed and illustrated, and are of great seine value. They were presented by the ‘“ Ministére de la Marine,” in exchange for our own ublications sent to the hbrary of that department. Gay’s Historia fisica y politica de Chile, in 14 vols. 8vo. and 1 vol. folio of plates, an elegant work of great value, has been presented by the government of “Chili, t through Tientenant J. M. Gilliss. A donation from the Honorable East India Company, in 29 volumes, mostly in quarto, comprises grammars and dictionaries of the Mah- ratta, “Malaya ilim, Burmese, Murailiee, Teloogoo, Carnataca, Bengale, Sanskrit, and Hindustani languages, besides “other works of great in- terest to the philological student. The Board of Admiralty of the British government have presented to the Institution 1,574 of the charts, plans, ‘and views published by order of the Lords Commissioners. This is believed to be the largest collec- tion of them in America, and may truly be considered a munificent gift. From several of the States of the Union we have received series of public documents, particularly from New York and Massachusetts. Nor have we been forgotten by the most distant members of the Confed- eracy—California, Florida, and Minnesota—to which the publications 3 34 S. Mis. 58. of the Institution were previously sent. Besides donations from goy- ernments and from public societies, we have received from individuals many costly and valuable gifts. To Mr. Henry Stevens and Dr. J. G. Fligel, our agents in London and Leipsic, we are indebted for a large number of books and pam- phlets, presented by themselves, or by others at their instance. Among Mr. Stevens’s donations are nearly one thousand pamphlets, most of them formerly belonging to Mr. Petty Vaughn, of London. Many of these relate to American affairs, and are curious, rare, and Jmportant. Messrs. Meissner & Richter have presented, through Dr. Fligel, a copy of Gailhabaud’s Denkmiiler der Baukunst, in 4 volumes 4to., a costly and copiously illustrated work. The publishers of Pierer’s Universal Lexicon have, at the suggestion of Dr. Fligel, sent to us a copy of the new edition, in 20 volumes 8vo. It is a sufficient evidence of the merit of this work, that within six years from the completion of the first edition it has passed through three editions in Germany. It meets, better than any other work, the idea of a Universal Lexicon, to which one may resort for concise and accurate accounts of every subject in which he may be interested. Encyclopedias have been mostly devoted to elaborate treatises, rather than to brief explanations, furnishing ready answers to the thousand questions which arise in daily reading and study. The largest and most important of the gifts which we have received from individuals is that from James Orchard Halliwell, esq., the distinguished archeologist. This gentleman has presented to the Insti- tution an extremely curious, interesting, and instructive collection of MS. bills, accounts, inventories, legal instruments, and other business papers, extending from 1632 to 1792, neatly arranged and handsomely bound in 54 volumes, mostly of folio size. his collection may justly be said to be unique of its kind. It is of interest not only to the antiquary and the collector of curious relics of olden times, but as an authentic record of prices for more than 160 years it is of great value. Asa picture of the mode of life and domestic habits and expenses of English families of former generations it 1s a most instructive record. Its character cannot be better described than in the elegant letter of presentation : AvenvE Lopes, Brixton Hints, near Lonvon, 28th October, 1852. Sir: I have the pleasure of offerimg for your acceptance, for the use of the Smithsonian Institution, a collection of documents formed for the purpose of illustrating the history of prices between the years 1650 and 1750. The collection, regarded as a collection, is, I believe, unique in its kind, although many manuscripts of the same deseription are to be found dispersed amongst the vast stores of the British Museum and other libraries in this country. It consists of about seven thousand original papers, bound in fifty-four volumes, including bills, accounts, and inventories, respecting commercial and domestic articles of nearly every description. It will afford me very great pleasure if the allocation of these papers at Washington prove of use at any time to the literary inquirers of S. Mis. 53. 30, your great nation. Without incurring the imputation of falling into the ordinary error made by cofactors, 1 in attaching a fictitious vé ie to relics which have necessarily required the expenditure of considerable time and exertion to bring together, it may, perhaps, be allowed me to entertain a hope that facse fragments of an earlier age, now coafided to your care, may be hereafter regarded of importance in the list of materials which will some day Beet in producing a history of social progress. Mr. Henry Stevens, F. 8. A., the agent to the Smithsonian Institution in England, has kindly undertaken to forward the collection to you on an early opportunity. I feel sure you will excuse the liberty I am taking in addressing you on this subject ; and I have the honor to be, sir, Your obedient, faithful servant, J. O. HALLIWELL.* Prof. JosepH Henry, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington. *Since the above account was written, we have received from the munificent donor of this collection a quarto volume of one hundred and twenty pages, beautifully printed on drawing paper, with the following title: “Some account of a collection of several thousand bills, accounts, and inventories, illus- trating the history of prices between the years 1650 and 1750. Presented to the Smithso- nian Institution, prion, by James Orchard Halliwell, esq., F. R.S., Hon. M. R. 1. A, Hon. M. R. 8. L., F.S. A., ete., Brixton Hill; printed for private circulation only : 1852.” This work } was ae at Mr. Halliwell’s expense, and is of itself a volume of great ,value and interest. Forever honored be such liberality ! The preface to this volume we quote entire: PREFACE. The unique collection of commercial and domestic statistical documents—a very brief notice of which, accompanied by a few extracts to exhibit their general character, will be found in the following pages—was formed years ago with the view of assisting in the compila- tion of a projected work on the history of prices. That design has now been | abandoned; but the anxiety of the collector that the records thus brought together should be preserved in a permanent library for the use of future inquirers, has resulted in the presentation of them to the people of the United States, who, beyond all others, are most likely to produce a writer on the history of commerce willing to make use of materials which will strikingly illustrate the immense commercial progress the world has achieved during two centuries. The collection includes about seven thousand separate documents, bound in fifty-four vol- umes, in the following order: Vols. I to XXIX.—A collection of several thousand bills, accounts, and inventories, com- mencing with the year 1632, but chiefly relating to the period between the years 1660 and 1750. There are included amongst them, a considerable number of the autograph private account-books, written on small leaves in a minute hand, of Sir John Newton, Bart., of Barr's Court, Co. Gloucester. In the twenty-ninth volume are a few documents of a later date. 4to. Vols. XXX to XXXII.—Three volumes containing undated documents, including a large proportion of early and curious tradesmen’s bills. 4to. Vol. XXXIII.—Account-book of J. Heywood, commencing December 24, 1694. Narrow folio. Vol. XXXTV.—“ The accounts of the Honorable John Archer, esq., from the laste ajusting of the Essex book for Coopersale, being June the 30th, 1703.” Some of these accounts are very copious. Fol. Vol. XXX V.—A household account-book of the Archer family, 1709 to 1711. Small 4to. Vol. XXXVI.—Account-book of a person of the name of Pelham, commencing in 1707 and extending to 1716. 4to. Vol. XXX VIT.—< Robert Garlicke’s account in Benham farme,” commencing September 9, 1738. Fol. Vol. XXXVIII.—A volume lettered “Estates of the Bacon family,” but pueinding various inventories. Jol. 86 S. Mis. 53. The number of articles received under the copyright law is some- what larger for the last, than for the preceding year. It has increased from year to year since the organization of the Institution, although no special efforts have been made to induce publishers to comply with the law. Every book which has been received has been immediately and carefully recorded, and a certificate of deposit sent (generally by return of mail) to the depositor. The same care has been exer- cised for the most insignificant as for the most important; and has been dictated by a sense of justice to the publishers, inasmuch as the deposit was supposed to be essential to the perfection of their title. Had the articles thus sent been regarded merely as donations to the library, many of them might have been differently treated. Loose sheets of music, school-books, and many ‘‘ cheap publications,” might merely have been placed together in some spot where they would long have remained undisturbed. For themselves, and as parts of an imperfect collection, they were hardly worth recording. It should be particularly observed that any article, however apparently worthless, acquires value and importance as an integral part of a complete col- lection. A collection of all the productions of the American press would, if perfect and entire, teach lessons which could not be gleaned rom its parts. It would show the evtent of the literary labors of the time. — a Vol. XXXIX.—Accounts for laboring work done for Sir John Webb at Adstocke, 1686. Fol. Vol. XL.—“A cash booke for moneys received and paid ffor my master, William Archer, esq., per George Burton, 1707.” Fol. Vol. XLI.—An account-book of the Archer family, commencing in the year 1691. Narrow fol. Vol. XLII.—The account-book of Thomas Brook of Cold Hall, Co. Suffolk, 1718. Fol. Vol. XLIII.—“ The accounts of my charge and all receipts for rents and other concerns for my master, the Hon. Sir John Newton, Bart., from and since the 11th of June, 1716, by me, John Richardson.” Fol. Vol. XLIV.—“ The accounts of the Honoured Squire Archer, from my furst goeing downe into Suftolke, June the 13th, 1692, to looke after these consarns for your worship.” Fol. Vol. XLV.—Household account-book, 1715. Ato. Vol. XLVI.—A small account-book of Sir John Newton, commencing October, 1699. 4to. Vol. XLVIT.—Account-book of the Rev. H. Arlington. 4to. Vol. XLVIII.—Account-book of John French, 1653. Vol. XLIX.—Wright’s account-book, 1676. ‘Thin 4to. Vol. L.—Mr. Poole’s account-book from 1675 to 1679. Fol. This volume contains some eurious entries. Vol. LI.—Private account-book of Sir John Newton, commencing in March, 1719-20. 12mo. Vol. LIT.—Memorandum-book of expenses of Antony Fowle, esq., of Goudhurst, Co. Kent, a justice of the peace, 1671, written in a copy of Lilly’s Ephemeris for that year. 12 mo. Vol. LIII.—A book of the accounts of the Hon. Lady Archer, from 1683 to 1689. Fol. Vol. LIV.—The Easter-book of Campsall, Co. York, commencing in the year 1576. Small fol. This is of an earlier period than it was proposed to illustrate by this collection, but it is admitted as a specimen of more ancient accounts. There is scarcely a branch of trade, an article of manufacture, or a produce of agriculture, the history of which is not illustrated by these papers. They are often brief; but a close examination can scarcely fail of discovering minute traces of past times in particulars for which it would be vain to search elsewhere. To say more might exaggerate the importance of the collection; to say less would be to conceal its value, which, to some extent, may be said to consist chiefly in the circumstance that the information it contains could not be yielded by the treasures of any library in the world, with the exception of those im the British Museum. Avenue Loner, Brixton Hit, near Lonpon, 28th October, 1852. S. Mis. 53. 37 it would show the proportionate attention to the various departments of learning. It would show, from year to year, the increase or decrease of interest in particular pursuits. It would show the comparative literary fertility and wealth of differ- ent portions of the country. It would show tke progressive improvements in the subsidiary arts of paper-making, binding, engraving, and so forth. Al! these points possess interest to different classes of inquirers. The wants of all literary investigators should be respected, and, as far ag possible, supplied. The historian is not less to be provided for than the philosopher, the artist than the statesman. If we had the means, therefore, of forming a complete collection of copyright works, we would reject nothing, not even that which might to ourselves appear utterly trivial and unworthy of preservation ; ; for the article which one would reject, might, in coming times, for some reason which could not possi- bly have “been foreseen, possess more interest than any other in the collection. li is impossible for any man. to Judge competently of the wants of future generations. It is unsafe to intrust to any one the power of re- jecting works as worthless. Many enlightened contemporaries of Milton and Newton would have rejected, as worthless, the Paradise Lost and the Pes Sir Thomas Bodley, the founder of the great library which bears his name—a contemporary of Sh akspeare—insisted; con- trary to ce advice of his librarian, Dr. James, in excluding plays and almanacs, and most pamphlets, which he was accustomed to call “riff fan and “‘baggage- -books.” The Bodleian Library is now paying very high prices for those books which then might have been procured almost without cost. It is stated that one of the libraries in England, to which books were sent by copyright, and which was allowed to select such as were worthy to be retained, rejected, in a single year, The Antiquary ; Mrs. Opie’s novels ; one of Wordsworth’s odes, and his letter to a friend of Burns; Cobbett’s publications; Jameson on Minerals, (second edition,) and the Edinburg Medical and Surgical Journal; The Siege of Co- rinth, and Shelley’ s Alastor; Lord Brough: im’s s Spee ch on Agricultural Distress, and McCulloch’s Esse on the N: tional Debt ; Comparative Tables of Commercial Weights ; Beethoven’s Musical Compositions, and many other similar works. (See ‘“¢ Copy of a Representation from the Trustees of the British Museum to the Treasury,” March 27, 1846, page 35.) ‘There ought, therefore, to be in every country one complete collec- tion of everything published—one library, where everything printed should be garnered up, and treated as of some importance; for, although in the multitude of libraries everything may be preserved somewhere, yet, from being scattered about, and from there being no one place where the student would be swre of finding all that he might seek, many books would be practically lost. The investigator of the last half century of American history is now obliged to travel the country through to collect books and: papers for his work. Suppose that everything published in the country for the 38 S. Mis. 53. last hundred years had been preserved in one library, had that library been in town or country, in the remote east or farthest south, it would have been the great place of resort for students of American history. How many would already have gained among its alcoves the means of presenting to the world, in new and fresh pictures, the eventful his- tory of our country. How many disputed and doubtful pomts would have been settled. How many errors would have been avoided. How much injustice to private character would have been silenced. How many bright examples of patriotism and devotion, now lost, would have been held up to the emulation of youth and the admiration of all. Although these remarks go to show the importance of a complete collection somewhere, they do not show that the same rule of accepting or rejecting should be followed where it is known that the collection can never be made complete. Every partial collection is supposed to be a selection made for some specific purpose ; and although many works, apparently very remote in their character from those chosen, may be desirable, yet, when means of procuring and preserving are limited, it may be best, it may be necessary, to confine the selection to such as are most intimately connected with the main purpose of the library. Tt might further be a question whether, admitting the importance of a complete collection of copyright books, it should be made here. I endeavored to show, in my last report, that it would not be prac- ticable to collect these books im any other way than by a condition of the copyright law, enforcing the deposit somewhere. It seems appropriate, if not necessary, that the place of deposit designated by government should be at Washington. Experience has shown that the selection of the Department of State for this purpose is inconvenient. The President of the United States, im his last message to Congress, has expressed the opinion that it would be a benefit to the public service to transfer the execution of the copyright law from the State Department. The other places of deposit would be the library of Congress, and the Smithsonian Institution. Whether the deposit be made here, or in the library of Congress, it certainly is the duty of the government to defray all expenses connected with it. It pertains to the government, is a necessary condition of the protection which the government promises to authors, and is precisely analogous to the case of the deposit of models in the Patent Office. This Institution cannot afford, at its own cost, to receive and take care of everything that is deposited. At the same time it is bound, by its position, to urge the necessity of the deposit, to show how it shou!d be regulated, and to do all that it can, without prejudice to its other interests, to secure to authors and to publishers, as well as to students and literary men, the full advantages which the law contemplates. I accordingly proposed last year a plan which seemed to me to meet all the necessities of the case. The general features of this plan were: 1. To dispense with the registration of title, rendering the publication of the claim of copyright the only preliminary to the vesting of the right, previous to the depositing of a copy. S. Mis. 53. 39 2. To reduce the number of copies required for deposit from three to one. 3. To require the deposit of one copy, at the risk and expense of the proprietor of the copyright, within a reasonable time after publication. 4. To require a small fee from the proprietor, sufficient to defray the expense of furnishing certificates, keeping records, and preserving the books. This fee might be made considerably ieee than that now required of publishers, and still meet all these purposes. Thus the trouble and expense to publishers would be greatly dimin- ished, without devolving any burden either upon government, or the Institution receiving the deposits. The deposit in the library of this Institution might be made of great incidental benefit to publishers and authors. It has been proposed to issue a monthly bulletin, to contain the list of all books deposited during the preceding month. ‘This work might, under the operation of such a law a s proposed, be commenced immedi- ately. It would be widely ed 3 in this country, and among read- ing “and studious men in all parts of the world. Publishers would generally be willing to pay a large price for such a medium of adver- tising. “But, in the case supposed, the advertisement would be inci- dental to the deposit, and would cost them nothing. By our system of stereotyping the titles separately, they would not only fill their place in the bulletin, but would serve for the catalogue of our own library, and of every other possessing the books and receiving from us its printed catalogue. Various attempts have been made to make complete lists of American publications; but although some have been quite full, none have ever been complete. The best i is that of Mr. Norton, in the Literary Gazette. It would be matter of surprise to many, and of patriotic pride to all, to know the interest with which this list is received in Europe. Buta few years have elapsed since an English review arrogantly asked, ‘ In the four quarters of the world, who reads an American book?” It would not now be more arrogant in us to demand, What citizen of the great republic of letters does not read American books ? On the presentation of my last report, I hoped that it would be printed and distributed early in the year among publishers and authors, that we might be able ere this time to ascertain fully their views on the subject. T hey are more immediately interested in the matter, and nothing should be done which would be unsatisfactory to them. There is in this connexion another idea, which long ago occurred to me, but which I have not ventured to suggest openly, lest it should seem extravagant, and because I could see no immediate means for accomplishing the object; I mean an international copyright exchange. If, for example, a duplicate collection of all works for which copy- rights are secured in this country could be made, it might be offered to England in exchange for a like collection of its own publications ; and fig exchange, if prosperous between two countries, might be extended to all the principal nations of the book-making world. T do not propose any plan for effecting this end, nor do I know that it could ever be realized; but in view of what has been done by this Institution during the last year in the way of literary exchanges, such an idea is not AO S. Mis. 53. altogether chimerical. The advantages which would result from such an interchange would be immense. The literary and scientific labors of each country would be known in their full extent, and almost simul- taneously in all other countries. Would not science advance more rapidly? Would not better justice be done to American genius? Nothing, it seems to me, could more effectually conduce to the rapid progress of science and humanity, than a system which should make the literary and scientific labors in each country known immediately in all others. The books gathered would, it is true, be in but one library; but books in a large public library, though chained to the shelves, are not to be shut out fromthe world. ‘They contain ideas, which entering the minds of those who have access to them, there fructify, and the fruit is scattered far and wide. Books, it is true, are silent and motionless : they seem to produce no results. But within them is the spring of all progress, the spirit which stimulates and sustains all the activity that the world of letters, of science, of politics, and of religion, manifests. The number of books purchased during the last year is very small. The money was especially desired for the successful completion of enterprises undertaken by the department of active operations. Besides this, the rooms temporarily occupied as a place of deposit for books were, even at the beginning of the year, filled nearly to the capacity of the shelves erected, and it was thought best not to incur further ex- pense for arrangements which could not be of permanent utility. The selection of books for purchase has been uniformly of such as were immediately needed, not of such as might be more remotely useful. It would have been preposterous to attempt with our means the immediate formation of a universal library; though we have not ceased to cherish the hope and belief that a great library of reference and research will ultimately be gathered here. Our expectations for the library are not limited by our immediate means of purchasing books. The history of other libraries in this country shows that any permanent and well located institution of the kind may reasonably expect accessions by donation and bequest, in proportion to the importance of its position. ‘The more conspicuous, central, and permanent the establishment, the more likely it is to attract the liberal notice of those who have valuable collections to bestow. The location of the Smithsonian Institution at Washington, its permanent endowment, its independence of partisan and sectarian influences, the high position in the scientific world which it has already achieved by its active operations, the results of the system of ex- changes of which we are now enjoying but the first fruits, together with the various means which have been adopted or suggested for aiding other libraries and advancing bibliographical objects, conspire to give prominence to the library of this Institution; and they will, before many years, render it, if not the largest and most important in the country, at least a very valuable auxiliary to our national literary pro- gress. We expect, however, that it will increase mostly by exchanges and gifts. We may justly hope that many valuable private collections of books in particular departments of learning will be placed here, to S. Mis. 53. Al remain as the best monument that can be reared to commemorate the Jearning and taste as well as the liberality of their collectors. It is not the love of acquisition or pride of possession which leads us to desire such gifts. It certamly is not the wish to withdraw them from other institutions. It is the belief that a large library of reference is likely to be formed here, and to be more generally useful here than if placed in any other city. There is no city in the Union more attract- ive to men of science and letters than Washington. This is principally owing to the fact that so many of the most intellectual men of the nation are gathered here, occupying its high places of trust and honor, and that here are discussed, by efaieemen and orators, questions of deepest interest to liberty and aenizatieen The attractiveness of Washington is enhanced by its genial climate, which will undoubtedly render it more and more a favorite resort. This Institution, from its location, its connexion with the government, and its own organization and ope- Jations, possesses opportunities for collecting certain classes of books, which 1 are of great importance in a library of reference, superior to those of any other library except that of Congress. I refer to memoirs and transactions of learned societies, publications of educational estab- lishments, documents of the general and State governments, and of foreign governments, besides many pamphlets and books, principally of local rahe iracter, published in all parts of the land. We do not suppose that here, or anywhere, for many years to come, will be formed that complete treasury of the materials for literary pursuits which is the beau-ideal of the bibhographer; but we may, nevertheless, do all that we can (without prejudice to other interests) in the direction of this desirable end. It is proper to remar k, in this connexion, that the chief expense of a library 1s not in the permanent custody of it when once rightly ordered. It is in the care of accessions, and the establishment of them as parts of the collection. Every book which comes into a library must be subjected to the following processes : It must be collated, to see that it is Rare ct; stamped, so that it can be identified; recorded in the book which constitutes the inventory of property; located upon the shelf, and have its location marked upon it; entered in the local catalogue, which shows the books upon each shelf, and enables the librarian to "dis- cover the title of any one that may have occupied a spot now vacant. It must also be catalogued and indexed: perhaps its receipt must be acknowledged to the donor; ; and it may require to be marked for bind- ing. - It-is “this work upon all accessions, which is repeated for every pamphlet and every article—the work of organizing a library, to- gether with that of selecting books and directing purchases—which Coneciutes the appropriate work of the librarian. This work once well done, the library, if it is to remain stationary, may puss from the hands of the librarian or collector and organizer, to those of the mere custodian or guard, who protects the books from depredation and injury, and answers the calls of those who consult them. These are inexpensive labors. One man of common intelligence a library thus perfectly organized, and receiving no accessions, would be sufficient to take charge of a hundred thousand yolumes or more, and serve a large number of readers. 42 S. Mis. 53. I dwell upon this point, because I think it is not generally under- stood that the chief expense of a library is in its organization, rather than in its permanent custody. The two things should always be kept distinct. A system for rightly ordering a library should be early formed and steadily adhered to. Sufficient aid of the right kind should be furnished to the hbrarian, to enable him to incorporate acces- sions at once among the other portions of the collection; to catalogue them, and render them in the highest degree useful. A collection of books is not all that constitutes a library, any more than a collection of men is of necessity an army. The men must be organized for war- like operations to compose an army; so books, to form a library, must be arranged for purposes of study and reference. The necessity of the proper management of a library is, however, better appreciated than the labor which it requires. In nearly all the large libraries of Europe (that of the University of Gottingen is perhaps the only exception) the librarians have not been furnished with the necessary aid to properly dispose of accessions as they were received. The consequence is, that the work of organizing has remained unaccomplished, and that the librarians have been turned into mere custodians, from the impossibility of committing to servants what would otherwise be their work. The books were not so placed that they could be found and kept by mere servitors. The memory and learning of the librarian is in incessant demand from the want of printed guides, which ought to have been provided. Thus arrears have gone on accumulating, and the expenses of the collections have con- stantly increased. ‘The view which we take of the necessity of large collections of books leads us to express the gratification which we feel at the large appropriations made this year by Congress for replenishing the deso- lated shelves of its library. Should this liberality be continued, it will be providing with great rapidity for many of the wants which it has been our purpose to signalize. We doubt whether any appropriation made by Congress has been hailed with more intelligent pleasure. It revived the hopes of the studious throughout the country, and led to the belief that the hands which had begun this good work would carry it on to perfection. With an overflowing treasury, the possession of an enlightened and appreciative nation, we may well hope that money will not be wanting to establish the independence of American learning, to render it no longer provincial, no longer relying for its support upon the libraries of Europe. Another movement in the same direction, suddenly assuming a posi- tion of commanding importance, is the establishment of the Astor Library of New York. It was endowed by a business man, who had the sagacity to place it under the management of one who had made the selection, purchase, and care of libraries a professional study for many years. In the history of similar collections there is nothing to compare or compete with the gathering of the Astor Library in New York. It was established in 1849. The appropriations for the purchase ot books have been placed entirely at the disposal of Dr. Joseph G. Cogs- well, the librarian. He has collected, duging two visits to Europe; S. Mis. 53. 43 nearly 60,000 volumes, with about $63,000 dollars. But this is not all: these volumes were not taken at Paridont' ; they were bought from a list previously prepared, without regard to cost. The Callection may, for practical utility and adaptation to its purposes, for just distribution among all the departments of learning, for choice of editions, and material perfection of copy and binding, challenge comparison with any of its size in the world. During the year, I have prepared a work containing an exposition of the system for constructing catalogues of libraries, and a general cata- logue, by means of separate stereoty pe titles, with rules for the guidance of librarians, and examples illustrating the rules. This work, although 5 ? 5 not large, cost me considerable time and labor. It was stereotyped in our own office, by the new process, which we have done so much to perfect and adapt to our own peculiar purposes. The typographical appearance of the book is very satisfactory, although the work was executed by unskilful hands, and under many unfavora- ble circumstances. In our operations of stereotyping we have experi- enced many delays and difficulties, from the fact that there was no stereotype office or type foundry at hand, and no persons accustomed to the processes of stereotyping, or the manufacture of the delicate apparatus required. We have lately, however, secured the services of an accomplished mechanic, who has already made great improve- ments in our processes.and apparatus, and has acquired much skill in the new art. A series of bibliographical works has been projected and commenced by the Institution, intended gradually to form a library of valuable aids to research in particular departments of knowledge. The facilities afforded for the prosecution of this plan by the stereotyping of the titles separately, so that each part may first be printed by itself, and afterwards, without loss of the previous labor and cost of printing, be continued to form the complete work, would alone justify the labo and expense of establishing an oflice for stereotyping. The work al- ready executed, or in progress, will furnish a ready test of the practi- cability and efficiency of the mode of stereotyping which we have employed. Other works of a similar character are now in preparation ; among them the bibliography of education, which we hope may be fnighed during the year 1853. The record of periodical publications i is now nearly finished. The catalogue of bibliographical works in the library will shortly be put to press. These works may be prepared and printed without interfering with the per of other work upon the catalogue of our own or of other libraries Our. stereotype office is now in oper: ation, and we can execute work with a good degree of rapidity. The plan is now offered to the public. Tt has already been fully stated that the expense of publishing the first large catalogue will be greater than of those that follow, although this expense will subsequently be repaid to the first library in the diminution of the expense of reprinting its catalogue. The commission upon the catalogue system recommended to the Board of Regents to take meas- ures to procure the printing of the catalogue of the library of Congress. The reasons for this recommendation were, that this lbrary would 44 S. Mis. 53. sooner reap the benefits of the plan than any other, and that the first outlay could be better borne. Another reason is, that it is desirable to have the first catalogue prepared near to the Institution, where the whole work can be more conveniently supervised and rendered accurate. It is much to be hoped, for the success of the plan, that this recommendation may be soon followed. The Institution has borne alone the expense of developing the system, and it can reap no greater benefits than any other library of equal size. 'The expense of furnish- ing the first stock of titles to be used for all other libraries can ill be borne. If the work be stopped when our own means of continuing it are exhausted, much that has been done will be lost. It will be ie possible to resume operations after an interval of cessation, without great loss. It should be remarked that it is not necessary to finish the preparation of a catalogue before beginning to print it. The stereo- typmg may commence with the cataloguing, and the catalogue may begin with any part of the library. The catalogue may thus be published in parts, each containing the books on a particular subject. These parts may afterwards be combined to form the complete cata- logue, which may be either alphabetical or classed. ‘I close by most earnestly asking for this matter the immediate consideration of the Board of Regents, confident that but a small sum of money, compared with the great result to be gained, is now needed to secure the general adoption “of this system, and the full realization of all the benefits which it is calculated to bestow upon the cause of knowledge. Respectfully submitted : C. C. JEWETT. a a ere ea i al — NS S. Mis. 53. 45 REPORT OF THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY, IN CHARGE OF THE MUSEUM, &c. To JoserH Henry, LL. D., Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution : Str: In obedience to your requirement, [ have the honor herewith to present a report upon the following branches of operations given, into my charge. I.—PUBLICATIONS. In no previous year have the publications of the Institution been so numerous and varied as in the one just passed. In addition to two quarto volumes of Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, a consid- erable number of octavo works and miscellaneous matter have been issued. The following list contains an enumeration of the separate articles in volume ILI, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, the whole making a volume of 564 quarto pages, and 35 plates. With the exception of Nos. 3, 8, and 9, all were issued during 1852. List of Memoirs in volume ILI, Smithsonian Contributions. 1. Observations on Terrestrial Magnetism. By John Locke, M. D., Mo Aver nS. 5 pps 0% 2. Researches on Electrical Rheometry. By A. Secchi; pp. 60, and three plates. ’ 3. Contributions to the Natural History of the Fresh Water Fishes of North America. By Charles Girard—I. A Monograph of the Cottoids; pp. 80, and three plates. 4, Nereis Boreali-Americana, or Contributions to a History of the Ma- rine Algee of North America. By William Henry Harvey, M. D., M.R. I. A.; Part I, Melanosperme; pp. 152, and twelve plates. 5. Plantae Wrightianze Texano-Neo-Mexicane. By Dr. Asa Gray, M. D.; Part I; pp. 146, and ten plates. 6. The Law of Deposit of the Flood Tide; its Dynamical Action and Office. By Charles Henry Davis, Lieut. U.S. Navy; pp. 14. 7. Description of Ancient Works in Ohio. By Charles Whittlesey ; p- 20, and seven plates. 8. Occultations visible in the United States during the year 1852. Computed by John Downes, esq.; pp. 34. 9. Ephemeris of Neptune for the year 1852. By Sears C. Walker, esq.; pp. 10. a 46 S. Mis. 55. The fourth volume, also issued and distributed in 1852, consists of a single work, viz: Grammar and Dictionary of the Dacota Language. Edited by the Rev. 8. R. Riggs; pp. 416. Several Memoirs, intended for the 5th and 6th volumes, are in press, as follows: Memoir on the Fossil American Ox. By Dr. Joseph Leidy. Plantes Wrightiane, Part Il. By Dr. Asa Gray. North American Algze, Part II. By Dr. Harvey. Plantes Fremontiane. By Dr. John Torrey. In addition to these, the following are ready to go to press: Nervous Anatomy of Rana Pipiens. By Dr. J. Wyman. Winds of the Northern Hemisphere. By Prof. J. H. Coffin. A Fauna and Flora of Animals. By Dr. J. Leidy. Fossil Vertebrata of Nebraska. By Dr. Leidy. Nearly all the illustrations of these have been completed, and are ready for binding with the text, whenever ready. Of octavo works, the following have appeared: 1. The Sixth Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smith- sonian Institution; pp. 100. 2. Directions for Making Collections in Natural History ; pp. 24. 3. On the Construction of Catalogues of Libraries and of a General Catalogue. By Prof. C. C. Jewett; pp. 78. 4, Meteorological and other Tables. By Prof. A. Guyot; pp. 176. 5. Catalogue of Paintings in the Stanley Gallery ; pp. 76. Making a total of 980 pages quarto and 514 octavo. There are now in press— 1. Catalogue of Serpents in the Museum of the Smithsonian Insti- tution. 2. Bibliography of American Natural History for 1852. A second edition ef the Report on Recent Improvements in the Chemical Arts, has been called for by the public and distributed. In addition to the above, a large number of circulars, calling for or communicating information on a great variety of subjects, has been issued. I1.—DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLICATIONS AND EXCHANGES. (a.)—FOREIGN DISTRIBUTION. The experience of the year 1852 has given gratifying evidence of the efficiency of the system of foreign exchanges now followed by the Smithsonian Institution, The receipts for the year will be found to have increased nearly eight-fold over those of 1851. The undertaking on the part of the Smithsonian Institution to receive parcels from the various societies in the United States, and distribute them to its agents in Europe, and to receive their foreign exchanges in return, has been found productive of the happiest results. The scientific relations be- tween the two worlds have been very much strengthened in this way, and a correspondence established of the greatest importance to all parties. It may safely be estimated that at least three-fourths of the S. Mis. 53, AT scientific exchanges of this country and of Europe now pass through the Smithsonian Institution. The expense, which is borne by the Institu- tion, though considerable, is trifling in proportion to the good accom- plished in the diffusion of knowledge. The more minute statistics of this branch of exchanges will be given in the tables below. In addition to the publications of societies, numerous copies of several valuable works have been given by individuals to the Institution for distribution. In many cases it has been left to the Institution to select the foreign recipients of presents both from societies and individuals. The amount of matter to be sent to Europe was very large. The publications of the Institution, consisting of two quarto volumes and a number of octavos, were double, in number, those of the last year. The Senate ordered three hundred copies of Foster and Whitney’s re- ort on Lake Superior, one hundred of Captain Stansbury’s report of the Exploration of Utah, and one hundred of Dr. Owen’s report of the geology of lowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. The kindness of Mr. R. P. Anderson, superintendent of the document-room, and of Mr. Dooley, superintendent of the folding-room of the Senate, put the Institution in possession of a large number of public documents of scientific interest. The Indian Bureau sent one hundred and seventy-eight volumes of the History of the Indian ‘Tribes ; and the institutions of the country gen- erally forwarded large numbers of their Transactions. The labor of arranging the details of the transmission was of course very great, the titles being first entered in the order of reception, then posted up in a ledger, in which a debit and credit account is kept with each corre- spondent, and a minute invoice of the entries made out and a copy sent by mail. Precisely the same system is adopted in regard to the parcels received from Europe, being first entered in a day-book, then posted up in a ledger, and finally transcribed a third time in the letter of acknowledgment. Parcels for other institutions are likewise entered in a special book, and a memorandum kept of the date and mode of transmission. In the present case the number of letters with invoices, prepared and sent, amounted nearly to six hundred, many of them containing upwards of fifty titles. The making up of the parcels occupied about a week, and the en- tire foreign transmission left the Smithsonian Institution by the 21st of June. ‘I'he cases, as before, were sent to Dr. J. G. Fliigel, of Leip- sic, to H. Bossange, Paris, and to Henry Stevens, ‘of London, all of whom evinced the greatest energy and promptness in their distribu- tion. This distribution has been nearly completed, so that every for- eign mail brings warm acknowledgments of the liberality ot the Insti- tution. Notices of this transmission have appeared in many of the foreign journals, and much admiration expressed of the extent and completeness with which the institution is fulfilling its great mission. The following table presents the statistics of the sending of June, 1852. The names of the institutions themselves will be found in the list given in the appendix. ‘To some of these the full series of publi- cations are not sent, but- only works on special subjects. The total number, as will be seen, is 300, of which 207 receive the Smithsonian Contributions in full. ; 48 S. Mis. 55. A.—TaBLE EXHIBITING THE AMOUNT OF PRINTED MATTER SENT ABROAD IN 1852 BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 1. Distributed by Dr. J. G. Fliigel, Leipsic. Countries. Institutions. Individuals. Total of addresses. | Packages to institutions. Packages to individuals. Total of packages. Swredente recta sctek cote ale see ACTA SO Ee geld = eters eee nese HD GH AG Reta mete ae loc cn eee cies RSE Ease eieact Moe cham ta ae PCT secre ae casts cree Bee aloe. Carney ees ae ws see te —_ OHS 6 1 4 cL ee enpeeeae eerie LO) Sees: sates | aes Gis soe ae ssa aes TBSM |e rere soil eee PB GUO as eee aie ckne oc oe ale Sit] 2 Sees aaae See cee Dee rcten. ce | cclasieeies Swltzenl and) (et ye tee eee Te whe AO), Sees LO este Wed in| EP per BES UVES 2s keh Ra meee iY Salemi Li coe 8 ORL Seay 2 Soy ge 123 24 1A7 234 37 271 Total Se ooo ee Rc 2. Distributed by Hector Bossange, Paris. Countries. Institutions. Individuals. Packages to institutions. Packages to individuals. Total of packages. | addresses. A DYES AN HS - o> OMGR Oe EeRE He AM sea aes ed aperreeee [Pees he Reel lee teres Ttaly:-'.<<../- Seeeeepeet- = = << -/Sees IM Sears oe ere gree OO meters all arabia otal. <=... vee -\o% =< 104 Scio 79 10 89 99 10 109 3. Distributed through the Royal ee and the agency of Henry Stevens, ondon. Countries. addresses. institutions. Packages to individuals. Total of packages. Institutions Individuals. Total of Packages to Povigival ae oats.) =~-% Da ire creer Be i pemebeeral|--23468- Spanier. t= sees AA ees = = -|seniteeee 5 Grea TIAN: ie arte e's minnie GON Beers, + n< |e aay ores US aes « dee maliee cere re —— | | |} | ES ee ie No) S. Mis. 53. 4. Miscellaneous Distribution. a ; si | gs = 3 33 2 od 32 3 a = 2 S'S ees = & Countries. s = € 4 a a a “i DR 3 & 3 = 2 es As 4 5 ae aA - Greece, Turkey, Asia, and PING Noe sts secs cee Md: | Sette | |'o bce, coos 9! Noscerd nae oleae eee Mexico and South America. . NO) Bereterete se =| | seme.cre ccc 1D haces cence Sa cee Totalbet conse escee Soe |e erie - 3B SB seen. ce oe = | 38 5. General Summary. ¢ | 4 | 4¢| ¢ |e | ¢ 2 3 = &p i 5 | rs i os a o S ae n 5 re Se = 45 ma Sy tO as S 5, 2 a Agents. % o © 5p wm Ps = = — A op 7 oOo oat x oS | g s ob 5 S oe 5S = = a a 4 4 O E DrJiaG- Bltiseloo = 22-2: 147 271 214 25 io 4, 250 Hi Bossange..- 22. < el sce aarinnmainccens eae yaaae 9,195 ‘Many of the above-mentioned parcels contained packages for insti- tutions or individuals not in direct correspondence with the Smithsonian Institution. As a letter of advice was sent to each of these, the differ- ence between the number of addresses in the above tables, and the number of letters sent, expresses the number of such packages, viz: Number ot letters sentsc {See ao. - - wo ec Sec en cent -. 456 Number of Smithsonian addresses........-..-- Ben a Se 362 Difference expressing the included parcels.............--.--. 94 NWhichvweded: (0.232 2's. ore Be eee SS drat ce EE 573 Gives as the total of packages made up, and sent to 456 addresses, 666 4 : 50 S. Mis. 53. B.—TABLE EXHIBITING THE AMOUNT OF MATTER RECEIVED FROM THE DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1852 For DIs- TRIBUTION ABROAD. Obtained by the Smithsonian Institution from various sources, but exclusive of its own publications ......... 3,958 vols. Received from other sources, as follows: iBeston Societyiot Natural Mastery . 002). 2 2204225 34 Dr. Jonni Gi Warren. . yee se aiala Secee terete) alae 100 American Oriental (Societyemee 2 22 oan bee see 33 Academy. ot Natural Sciencesge. - .. 202 idee = es 492 American! PhilosophicalsSociety.'. - . 520.56 = -\<, aes aoe ws oe eine 50 Ohio {Boardiof Apmenlinre Ate wee 2. ols Soe Sat Presbyterian, Board of Kducation.:.....-2.-.-2... 50 Miscellaneous, including individuals............... 745 4,188 vols. Total received. waciecaec eee ck wok oem 8,146 * The actual number of volumes and titles is considerably greater than the above, as of the 4,188 quoted as from other sources, 351 con- sisted of packages, each containing several volumes. ‘This would make the sum total amount nearly to 9,000 volumes. Such volumes as were received subsequent to the 21st of June are still on hand, amounting to about 1,650. These would have been sent off early in the past autumn but for the desire to include with them the sixth Report of the Smithsonian Institution, the Report of the Superin- tendent of the Coast Survey, and of the Commissioner of Patents for 1851, the final Report on the Geology of lowa, Minnesota, and Wiscon- sin, and some others. It is confidently expected that all will be des- patched early in January, to prepare the way for the large transmission in June. In table C will be found an exhibit of the receipts of the Smithsonian Institution from abroad in 1852. For convenience of comparison, I have added the returns for 1851, and prior dates. S. Mis. 53. 51 C.—TABLE EXHIBITING THE RECEIPTS BY EXCHANGE IN 1852, anpD INCLUDING THOSE OF PREVIOUS YEARS. Volumes. Parts of vols. and pamphlets. Years, | | Mapsand| Total. Folio and) Octavo. | Total. |Folioand Octavo. |} Total. jengrav’s. quarto. quarto. | Wp .ccss. 235 — 449 689 | 1,138 495 | 1,414 | 1,999 | 1,698 4,745 MSO 35 .5.0see 96 171 267 118 224 SAD le oa Sees 609 1850 and prior..{| 132 138 UMM as ac.2 ce | aeceease G08) Wace c- oc 878 ek Ls) Bee Sees 9 aoe | ‘Eoiale doce. 677 | 998 | 1,675 613 | 1,638 | 2,859 | 1,698 6, 232 It will be seen from the above table that the total receipts for 1852 have been three times as great as during all previous years. ‘The number of extended series bf Transactions, and other desirable works, has been in unusual proportion. Among these I can only mention a few: as 30 volumes, Svo., of Transactions and Reports from the Acad- my of Sciences, Stockholm; 21 volumes, 4to., of Transactions of the Danish Society of Sciences, Copenhagen; 23 volumes, Svo., of Memoirs of the Academie Nationale of Metz; 26 volumes, Svo., of the ‘Trans- actions of the Society of Agriculture, &c., of Lyons; 17 volumes 8vo., and 1 folio, of Gay’s History of Chili, from the Chihan government ; 25 volumes, 4to., of Philological works, published by the East India Company ; 29 volumes, 4to., of Transactions of the Batavian Society of Experimental pea? 20 volumes, 4to., of Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburg ; 1,574 charts from the London Admiralty ; 22 quarto and 25 octavo wolves of Transactions of the Utrecht Society of Arts and Sciences; 31 volumes 8vo., and many folio, be- longing to the Voyages of the Astrolabe et Zélée, Venus, Thetis et Esperance, CC presented by the Ministere de la Marve of France; 16 volumes, Ato: ., from the Royal College of Surgeons, of London; 54 volumes, 4to., of Manuscripts from J. O. Halliwell, of London; 14 volumes, 4to., from the Academy of Sciences, Bologna ; with very many others. Almost every parcel from a foreign society contains donations from prominent members, of works, many of them often very costly. In fact, the books received in 1852 could sc carcely have been purchased for less than four or five thousand dollars. The following table exhibits the number of parcels, many of them including sever: al volumes, which have been received in 1852 for other institutions in the United States. D.—TaBuei OF PACKAGES RECEIVED IN 1852 FOR OTHER INSTITUTIONS. Boston.—American Academy of Arts and Sciences.....-. i ao Sse Naturals EMstory SOGICUy Ze). occ sins an dt os sect os os ame 52 S. Mis. 53. Cambridge-—Observatory...---..-----------------+----+---- 14 Astronomical) Joummales 2c 2 eased we... bene 29 Newhaven Journal.of SClenGese: . -:.'. .v mame calle oes see 20 American Oriertall Society. J phactea es 24 oe) eer 5 New York.—New York Lyceum of Natural History........-.-- 10 ‘EthnoloprealtSocteme:. << -se seyret ee ore loss ve itt Alfany.—New York State Vibramy... -.. 2042202. 2) ea ee. at ge Philadelphia—American Philosophical SOCLOLY: Serc(s teen. eh 39 Academy of Natural Sciencestess— 3-2 2c ees 13 Mranklniilinstitntes. 2's saci ec cece 7 Washington.—National Observatory .....-.----------- fot eee 41 @oast’ Surveyierew. . sah Seem a eee 32 National Institmtes?.: .. 2) See eeice cece cee 19 Congress: libramyen: . . os .hegtes ae py el 6 State Departmeonven .. - <2 ae tae ose oor eerie 4 Astronomical Expedition to Chil.........-..--. 14 Gieorx coun. ——C Olle ge = 22 nara anes se nop nrs aysiu ele ace alae: = 7 Cinempati.—Observatonyi.: aseue. 2. Hause eee a) eee 10 Miscellancouscinstitations:.|-7yo20e. - jaa e ey. Se ee ee ee 123 Tieigtalvad se 2 hoe aes AUS eae sedate = SUR) ne uN ea eee, eee 195 Totalof packages. 3252. <3 637 It is much to be hoped that Congress may make some systematic and permanent arrangement for distributing a complete series of its works to European libraries, to at least thirty of which they might be judiciously supplied. It would also be desirable that of particular works of scientific interest, as reports of Patents, Coast Survey, ex- plorations in geography and geology, and others of a similar character, a larger number might be assigned, of from one hundred to three hundred, as has already been done in some instances by the Senate. These might be distributed by the Smithsonian Institution at moderate cost to government, and direct returns or exchanges obtained for the library of Congréss if desired. The distribution of Congressional documents in the United States also might be considerably modified. At present the copies given to the State Department for domestic distribution can only be sent to colleges or lyceums, not to regular public libraries, even of the largest class. The rules in force with the Smithsonian Institution might well be applied in the present case, of making as equable a distribution as possible throughout the country, supplying all large. public libraries, and giving to smaller ones where a large district would otherwise be destimute. It is also a matter of complaint with men having special objects of research that public documents relating to their investigations are not assigned to them. This might be remedied by directing some department to keep full lists of persons in the various walks of science, and to supply the names on such lists regularly with extra copies of documents to be furnished by Congress. How far it would be conve- nient or proper for the Smithsonian Institution to undertake this labor, and under what conditions, is for you to say. ——— en “Ce. S. Mis. 53. 53 ().)—DOMESTIC DISTRIBUTION AND EXCHANGES. Owing to various unforeseen and vexatious delays, the copies of the Smithsonian volumes for domestic distribution could not be sent off be- fore October. They have, however, all been distributed, and acknow- ledgments for nearly the entire number received. The Institution is much indebted to the following gentlernen for receiving the boxes con- taining the parcels and forwarding them, without any charge, to their respective destinations: Messrs. J. P. Jewett & Co., booksellers, Bos- ton; George P. Putnam & Co., booksellers, New York; Messrs. Lip- pincott, Grambo, & Co., booksellers, Philadelphia; John Russell, book- seller, Charleston; B. M. Norman, bookseller, New Orleans; Dr. Geo. Engelmann, St. Louis, assisted by John Halsall, bookseller, St. Louis ; H. W. Derby & Co., booksellers, Cincinnati; and Jewett, Proctor, & Worthington, Cleveland. As in the transmission of last year, most of the parcels sent included copies of the second volume of the great work on the Indian tribes, presented by Mr. Luke Lea, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, to recipients mostly nominated by the Smithsonian Institution. A number of copies of the valuable quarto volume on the North American mastodon, by Dr. John C. Warren, was sent by the author to the Smithsonian Institution, for such distribution as it might consider suitable. III.—NATURAL HISTORY DEPARTMENT. (a.)—COLLECTIONS. During the year 1852, the collections of specimens illustrating the natural history of North America, and received by the Institution, have been very numerous, embracing a large number of species, either quite rare or absolutely new to science. A list of these additions will be found in the Appendix—the number of distinct donations exceeding 100. These embrace a very large number of specimens, as many of the collections indicated consist of several filled kegs, barrels, or boxes. Tio enumerate the individual components of each would occupy too much space in this report, although such a list is always made out as soon as possible after reception, and entered in books kept for the pur- pose. A copy is also sent to the donor, if desired. ‘The specimens are assorted as fast as possible, and arranged as well as can be done in the temporary want of room or rooms for their proper preservation. A gratifying feature in relation to the additions to the museum in the past year, consists in the number and value of those derived from offi- cers of the army and navy. Such persons must always be the chief contributors of new matter, and it is a subject of much congratulation to find that they are becoming more and more alive to the importance of depositing their collections in a place where they can be readily visited, and, by combination with others procured under similar cir- cumstances, serve to facilitate the preparation of the reports of expedi- tions, which are usually, to a considerable extent, made out in this city. I need only refer to the valuable collections of Lieut. Col. Graham, Major Emory, Captains Marcy and McClellan, Lieutenant Wright, Dr. Edwards, Dr. Jarvis, Lieutenant Gilliss, and others. ; The collections of specimens officially deposited with the Institution 54 S. Mis. 53. during the year 1852, for safe-keeping and the preparation of reports, have been quite numerous. The zoological and paleontological series gathered by Mr. John H. Clark, under Lieutenant Colonel Graham, while on duty with the United States and Mexican boundary survey, far exceed any before made, under similar circumstances, in North America, considered in reference either to their extent or perfection of preservation. Major Emory has also sent in valuable specimens from the boundary, likewise collected by Mr. Clark. ‘The Commissioner of the General Land Office deposited the extensive series of minerals and fossils collected by Dr. D. D. Owen, while engaged in the geolo- gical survey of Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. The very extensive and valuable collections made during a three years’ residence in Chil by Lieut. J. M. Gilliss, U. 8. Navy, have also been deposited by him, under authority from the Secretary of the Navy. They consist of nu- merous and well preserved skins of birds and mammals, reptiles, fishes, and invertebrates, in alcohol or dried, and plants, fossils, and minerals. Many valuable collections have been received from meteorological and other regular correspondents of the Institution. ‘These, scattered over the entire North American continent, constitute a corps always active in accumulating facts and materials of the highest importance in the promotion of science. Some interesting specimens have been received by the Smithsonian Institution, under an engagement made with several societies and sur- veys to name collections which may be sent for that purpose. Such specimens, if necessary, are sent to naturalists residing out of the city, who make their examinations and report the results to the Institution. The American Fur Company, ever ready to recognise the claims of science, has authorized the Institution to supply their posts on the upper Missouri with the materials for preserving specimens of natural history. For this purpose, through the kind agency of Dr. George Engelmann, of St. Louis, a quantity of alcohol and of arsenic was distributed at various points along that remete region, which will, no doubt, in time yield good fruit. The report for 1850 shows how much has already been done by gentlemen connected with the company, and it is hoped that the results for 1853 will in no degree fall behind what is there recorded. I shall now proceed to give a brief systematic account of the speci- mens received, referring to the alphabetical list of donors for fuller information on the subject. Mammals.—The collection of mammals from Northern Europe, an- nounced last year as having been transmitted by the Academy of Sci- ences, Stockholm, has since arrived, and fully realized the anticipations of its value. It consists of well-preserved skins and skeletons of nearly all the larger species, as reindeer, elk, stag, bears, wolves, foxes, glut- ton, &c. All of them are indispensable to the proper determination of the allied American species—a task which could never before be accomplished for want of just such material. At the present time the Smithsonian Institution is in possession of the best collection of the larger North American and European mammalia, both skins and skele- tons, to be found in the United States. A skin of Bassaris astuta, brought by Captain Marcy from Red river, S. Mis. 53. 55 supplies the most northern locality yet known of this species. Some valuable mammals, from Western America, have been presented by the Academy of Natural Sciences. Skulls and horns of the common deer have been received from Mr. Stanley, Mr. Guest, and others. Mr. Stanley has also presented skins of the Jaguar, Felis pardalis, and tke peccary, Dicotyles torquatus, from esas. Mr. Charles Wright, so well known for his botanical researches, has given a skin of the Lynx tex- ensis, or Texas wild-cat. From Lieut. M. F. Maury has been received a skin of a young manatee, brought from the Amazon river by Lieut. Herndon. Among skeletons of American mammals, the principal donation is that of the gray wolf of the Yellowstone river, presented by Mr. Ed- ward I’. Denig, to whom the Institution has been betore indebted for similar favors. Dr. Edwards presented skulls of buffalo, bighorn, &c., with those of Indians of several tribes. Birds.—Several interesting collections of birds have been received from various sources. Mr. James Fairie has presented some rare species from Louisiana; Mr. Chas. Wright, a series from the vicinity of Frontera, including several species “recently described from the valley of the Rio Gr: ande ; and Dr. P. R. Hoy, some from the vicinity of Racine, Wisconsin, one of the most interesting ornithological districts in North America. Mr. Wallington has sent an interesting collection of the eggs of birds inhabiting the ‘Tortugas. Reptiles—As usual, the most marked additions to the collections of the Institution are to be found in the department of reptiles and fishes. These have been received from all portions of the United States, inclu- ding California, New Mexico, and Texas. Mr. J. 8S. Bowman, during a recent journey to California across the plains, collected specimens of Phynosoma platyrhinos, and forwarded them living, with some others of much interest. Dr. Boyle has deposited a valuable collection from Eldorado county, California. A small number of specimens procured by Dr. Gambel, in the same country, has also come into posses- sion of the Institution. Mr. Lindheimer sends numerous specimens from Western Texas; Captains Marcy and McClellan, from Red river ; Mr. James F Fairie, in Western Louisiana; Colonel B. L. C. Wailes and Dr. Shumard, in Mississippi; Dr. P. R. Hoy, of Racine, Wisconsin ; and Rev. Charles Fox, of W: ayne county, Michigan, have also greatly enriched the collection with western species. Species from Western eee lvania have been received from Professor eee and from South Carolina, from Dr. Barker, of Charleston, and Dr. Barratt, of Abbeville. Fishes.—The collections in this department grow with great rapidity. Mr. Girard brought many specimens from Maine last autumn. A few weeks spent in Massachusetts and New Hampshire gave to myself the opportunity of completing the collections of fresh-water fishes of these States. Very full collections of the fishes of Lake Erie have been re- ceived from Rev. Charles Fox; of Lake Michigan, from Dr. Hoy ; of the Wabash river, from Dr. Nea wood; of the coast of Carolina, from Dr. Barker; of the Tortugas, from Lieut. Wright; of Cayuga lake, from Mr. Hopkins; as well as interesting series from Col. Waile es, of Mississippi; Prof. Porter, of Mercersburg, Pennsylvania ; Mr. White, 56 S. Mis. 53. of Georgia; Dr. Bibb, of Russellville, Kentucky; Dr. Barratt, of Abbe- ville, South Carolina; Dr. Wormley, of Columbus, Ohio; Dr. Stevens, of Olean, New York, and many others. One of the most important additions consists of a series of nineteen species of Cyprinodonts, labelled by Prof. Agassiz, and serving as types of the paper on this family which he proposes to present to the Institution. Numerous species of North European fishes were presented by the Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm. Invertebrates—Very important additions have been made to the aquatic species of invertebrates from various sources. Among the most valuable are those sent from the Tortugas by Lieut. Wright, em- bracing a large number of new and rare forms. A collection of similar extent, from the coast of Carolina, was forwarded by Lieut. Kurtz. Unionide have been received from Col. Wailes, of Mississippi, and Prof. Safford, of Tennessee, in large numbers. A small collection of land shells, from Oregon, was presented by Dr. Shumard: out of four- teen species furnished, six are new to science. A very important addi- tion to the collection consists of a series of eighty species of shells from Greenland, presented by Mr. Christian Drewsen, of Copenhagen. The insects received have been few in number, and these principally from Mr. Fairie, who sent quite a large collection of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. Many species of Orthoptera were procured on Red river by Captain Marcy, and in Texas by Mr. Lindheimer. Plants.—A collection of plants of Delaware county, Pennsylvania, was presented by the Delaware County Institute. A suite of plants, collected by Lindheimer in Texas, was obtained through Dr. Engel- mann. Dr. Shumard sent a small collection from Oregon. Valuable donations of algze were made to the Institution by Miss Brewer, Lieut. Kurtz, &c. A small series belonging to Lieut. Lynch’s col- lections on the shores of the Dead Sea was presented by Hon. J. P. Kennedy. Fossils and minerals——The Commissioner of the Land Office has deposited with the Institution additional specimens of fossils from the Minnesota survey, collected by Dr. Owen, including some of the vertebrate remains from Nebraska. Infusorial earths from Virginia have been received from Prof. William B. Rogers and Dr. Beck. A suite of coal plants was sent from the mines above Harrisburg, Penn- sylvania, and a series of silurian fossils from Dr. Stevens, of Olean. Remains of fossil elephant, from near Wheeling, were presented by Mr. Alfred Sears, and of mastodon, from Fort Gibson, by Mr. B. Marshall. Lieut. Gilliss forwarded a very interesting collection of fossils from Chili. The principal minerals received consisted of gold and silver ores from Mexico, presented by Dr. Jarvis, together with copper ores from Chili, by Lieut. Gilliss. Ethnology.—Various remains of the North American Indians have been received by the Institution during the year; but much the most important addition in this department is to be found in a large number of axes, arrow-heads, and other stone instruments, from Denmark, presented by Prof. C. C. Rafn, of Copenhagen; thus affording an interesting opportunity of comparing the closely allied implements used by the aborigines of Europe and of North America. S. Mis. 53. o7 (b.)—PRESENT CONDITION OF THE COLLECTIONS. During the year as much progress | has been made in the final deter- mination rand arrangement of the specimens as the press of other occupa- tions would allow. ‘Those in alcohol have been kept in proper condi- tion, and such dried skins have been baked as needed this process as a preservative against the attacks of insects. A number of mammals, preserved in alcohol, have been dried for the purpose of ascertaining accurately their specific character. The unfinished state of the mu- seum apartment renders it necessary to confine the collections in as small space as possible, none but basement rooms being available. The labor of labelling the specimens is greatly incre: ised “by the fact that many of the species are undescribed. In illustration of this I may state, that in the single department of the serpents, the Institution possesses more than ‘twice as many North American species as are given in the great work of Dr. Holbrook. 'To render this mass ot Seats immediately available to science, the preparation of catalogues has been commenced, similar to these of the British Museum and? the Museum of Natural History in Paris. In these, full descriptions of the genera and species will be given, and such known species as may not fenc been received by the Institution will be inserted in an appendix. Each volume will thus constitute a complete manual of a portion of the natural history of North America. ‘The first of these catalogues— that of the serpents—is in press, and will very shortly be finished. (c. SCIENTIFIC EXCHANGES. A great many applications have been made to the Institution, by parties at home and abroad, for information or assistance in making exchanges of specimens of ni atural history. Such help is always cheer- fully rendered, and some important relationships have been thus estab- lished. Some of the gentlemen who have made these applications are as follows: Curist1An DrewseEn, Copenhagen, desires to exchange North Euro- ean and Algerian Coleoptera for Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and Hemi: pteray of North America. F riepricu Sturm, Niirnberg, and ApotpH Senoner, Vienna, wish American ferns in exchange for European. Dr. G. Von prem Buscu, Bremen, wants North American shells, especially Melanie, in exchange for European. Prof. H. R. Géprert, Bree. director of the botanic garden, wants seeds of all plants common to Europe and America, as an auxiliary to certain investigations upon the influence of climatological conditions upon vege tation. B. OuzENiRVETTE; Rue Pelegrin, and Dumovtin, ainé, 8 Place de la Bourse, Bordeaux, desire North American fresh-water and land shells in exchange for European. Dir FRANCESCO Lanza, of Spalato, in Dalmatia, desires to exchange fossils, minerals, reptiles, shells, plants, &c., of Dalmatia, and the Adriatic, for crystallized minerals and shells from North America. 08 S. Mis. 53. (d.)—REGISTRY OF PERIODICAL PHENOMENA. The blanks for the registry of the periodical phenomena of animal and vegetable life in 1852, were distributed early in the last spring. Most of these have been returned filled, and imbody information of the high- est interest. Many were accompanied by carefully-prepared lists of the animals and plants of their respective stations ; constituting material towards an accurate determination of the geographical distribution of species. The results thus obtained will be carefully tabulated and published at the earliest practicable moment. Respectfully submitted : SPENCER F. BAIRD, Assistant Secretary. APPENDIX A. Account of sctentific explorations, and reports on explorations, made in Ame- rica, during the 4 yas 1852: By Spencer F. Batrp. Tn the present article I propose to give a brief account of the pro- egress of scientific explorations in Narerien during the year 1852. It rill be seen that the record is much more eee than that of the last year, affording gratifying proof of the increasing interest felt by government and individuals in the development of the geography, geology, ethnology, and physical and natural science of this country. I propose to take up the history of discovery in the following order : 1. Smithsonian Institution. War Department. Topographical Bureau. Department of the Interior. Land Office. Navy Department. Coast Survey. Domestic States, Societies, and Individuals. . European States, Societies, and Individuals. As the account of the operations of the Smithsonian Institution, m the way of exploration, has already been given in your report, I shall proceed directly to the second head. ; : . ep 2. War DEPARTMENT. Exploration of Red River—In June of last year an expedition was sent out by the War Department for the purpose of exploring the country along the Red river of Arkansas and its tributaries, under command of Captain R. B. Marcy, so well known as an energetic explorer, and accompanied by Captain Geo. B. McClellan. The party started from Cache creek, a stream rising.in the Wichita mount- ains and emptying into Rted river. Fom this ‘point they passed along the ridge separating Cache creek from Red river, to Otter creek. The meat of this stream, in lat. 34° 30’ and long. 100° 10’, was found to constitute the southwestern terminus of the Wichita mount- ains, a range about seventy miles long and twenty-five wide. In S. Mis. 53. 59 these mountains, and beyond, many interesting discoveries of granite, basalt, great beds of gypsum, &e., were made. Passing along the north fork of Red river to its head, they crossed over to the Canadian. From this stream they struck and explored the middle and south forks of Red river; along the latter of which they returned. Astronomical and other observations were diligently made throughout the journey, and many important facts ascertained in regard to the geology, agri- cultural capabilities, and geography of this region, hitherto nearly a blank in our maps. A very extensive collection of plants, reptiles, fishes, insects, fossil remains, &c., was made, which, besides embracing much that is new, will tend to throw great light upon the geographical distribution of species. 3. ToPpoGRAPHICAL BUREAU. Exploration of the Zuii and Colorado rivers—The expedition for the exploration of the Zuni river, organized under Captain L. Sitgre aves, returned last winter, after having accomplished all its objects in a re markably short space of time. ‘Accompanied by Lieut. J. G. Parke, Dr. 8. W. Woodhouse as surgeon and naturalist, Mr. R. H. Kern as artist, and Mr. A. Leroux as ouide, t the party left the pueblo of Zuni on the 24th of September with an escort of thirty men, commanded by Major H. L. Kendrick, of the 3d artillery. Passing down the Zuni (which proved to be an inconsiderable stream) to its junction with the Little Colorado, sixty miles below, they continued down to the Cascades, some eighty-six miles further, where the stream falls into a deep canon. From this point they were compelled to strike across to the Colorado, and descended this stream about two hundred and fifty miles to its mouth. Crossing over to San Diego, they arrived at the termination of that part of their journey in the end of December. A great part of the route never having been before explored, much was done by the expedition in rectifying and improving the geography of the region, while Dr. Woodhouse made use of the scanty opportu- mities after ded by the barren soil, to collect specimens of natural history, many of which have proved new to science. These will be pubiished in the report of the expedition, shortly to be submitted to Congress. Survey of the Lakes—The survey of the Northern lakes has been carried on with great energy during the past year. Besides extending and verifying the triangulations in the vicinity of Green Bay and Mackinac, a base line was measured at the latter place under the immediate direction of Captain T. J. Lee. The apparatus with which this important work was conducted was made by Mr. Wm. Wurdemann of this city, and is considered to be fully equal, if not to surpass any ever used before for similar purposes. Exploration of Utah.—The report of Captain Stansbury of his aT. ration of the valley of the Great Salt Lake appeared in June, 1852. As in most of the recent explorations undertaken by the Topographical Bureau, many important discoveries in natural science were made during this exploration, the results of which are here given. Many new species of mammals, birds, reptiles, insects, plants, and_ fossil remains, are first published in this report. The additions to our geo- graphical information have also been very extensive, tending greatly 60 S. Mis. 58. to clear up the obscurity which prevails in regard to the geography of the great Central Basin. The discovery of a new route and pass through the Rocky mountains is also one of very great importance. 4. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR. United States and Mexican Boundary Survey.—During the past year the operations on the boundary line between the United States and Mexico, under John R. Bartlett, esq., and Major William H. Emory, have been prosecuted with great vigor. The survey of the river Gila has been completed from its confluence with the Colorado to the point where it is struck by the western boundary of New Mexico. 'The Rio Grande has also been surveyed from the initial point agreed upon, to the Laredo, with the exception of a strip between San Vicente and the mouth of the Pecos. ‘The connecting link between the two lines has also been surveyed provisionally. It 1s probable that, should Congress make suitable appropriations, the whole field work will be completed in 1853. In addition to the exceedingly numerous and accurate obser- vations in astronomy, geography, meteorology, and terrestrial magnetism, the collections in geology, mineralogy, zoology, and botany, Tie by Messrs. Parry, Wright, Clark, Bigelow, Thurber, and Webb, have been of great extent and value, supplying us with almost as thorough a knowledge of many forms of organic life in this country as of the long-settled portions of the United States. The perseverance of the gentlemen of the commission has been rewarded by the acquisition to science of a large number of undescribed and rare species. 5. Lanp OFFICE. Geological Survey of Oregon, by Drs. Evans and Shumard.—Dr. Evans left St. iia in the aaa of June, and aseended the Missouri to the mouth of the Yellowstone. From this point he crossed over to the Pacific coast, pursuing an entirely different route from that traversed by other explorers. His route passed through the very centre of the Black Feet country, and over the Rocky, Blue Range, and Cascade mountains, terminating at Oregon City; which he reached about the middle of October. In this journey, though accompanied a great por- tion of the way by only a single man, he explored the main chain of the Rocky mountains for a distance of nearly two hundred miles, without a guide, or even a trail, and discovered a pass several degrees farther north than that usually travelled. The observations made along the line of his route will enable him to construct a geological section aiona the Mississippi river to the Pacific ocean. Many geographical facts were collected of the highest value, which will constitute a very important addition to our stock of knowledge in relation to a portion of country hitherto almost entirely unknown. The assistant geologist, Dr. Shumard, embarked from New York in the latter part of June of the same year, and proceeded, by way of the isthmus of Panama, to San Francisco, and thence to Oregon, where he arrived early i in August, and shortly after began his explorations, following the main lines of survey, and locating he observations, as far as practicable, by townships and sections. In addition to the materials for accurate geographical determinations, _. etl S. Mis. 53. 61 the results of the observations of Drs. Evans and Shumard have been of the greatest practical importance. Valuable and extensive deposits of limestone, porcelain earth, tertiary coal, &c., were ascertained to exist. Geological Survey of Lake Superior —In obedience to instructions from the Land Office, Messrs. Foster and Whitney revisited the scene of their previous explorations on Lake Superior, with the view of collecting the most recent information respecting the mining region. They will probably submit the result to Congress in the torm of a final report upon the entire subject of the mineral lands of this interesting region. The final report of Dr. D. D. Owen on the Geology of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota, was published towards the end of the year 1852. This constitutes the most elaborate work of the kind ever issued by govern- ment, consisting of two quarto volumes, with numerous illustrations on wood and steel. The paleontological portion is of much importance, containing, in addition to the invertebrata described by Dr. Owen, a paper by Dr. Joseph Leidy on the fossil Rhinoceros, Paleotherium, Archeotherium, Testudo, &c., of the Mauvaises ‘Terres. The second part of the Report of Messrs. Foster and Whitney on the Geology of Lake Superior also appeared during the past year. With the able assistance of Professor James Hall, they have been enabled to present some very important comparisons between the fossils and fossiliferous rocks of Europe aud America, besides describing many new species. 6. Navy DEPARTMENT. The year 1852 will ever be memorable in the annals of the Ameri- can navy for the extent of the explorations either completed or com- menced within its limits. Under the liberal administration and en- lightened policy of the Hon. J. P. Kennedy, Secretary of the Navy, all the disposable force of the department has been brought to bear upon the advancement of geographical knowledge. Astronomical Expedition to Chili.Lieut. Gilliss returned in Novem- ber last from a three years’ residence at Santiago, in Chil, to which place he had gone for the purpose of observing the parallax of Venus. During the time of his absence he made more than forty thousand observations on this planet, besides gathering a very large number of facts in regard to other departments of astronomy, magnetism, meteor- ology, earthquakes, geography, &c. He also made very valuable collections in natural history, especially in ornithology, in many re- spects superior to those collected and published by Claude Gay, in his History of Chili. Lieut. McRae, who, with Lieut. Phelps, had been the companion of Lieut. Gilliss, was detached by him to carry a magnetical and meteor- ological profile across the continent over the Andes. ‘This route will be, for the most part, through an unexplored region, and the result will no doubt be of very great interest. Exploration of the Amazon.—Lieut. Herndon, U.S. N., returned in the summer from his exploration, in connexion with Lieut. Gibbon, of the Amazon and its tributaries. As the most feasible way of pene- trating this region, they crossed the Cordilleras, in Peru and Bolivia, 62 S. Mis. 55. and passing through an almost unknown geographical region, descended the Amazon to its mouth. Lieut. Gibbon took a somewhat different route, and has not yet returned. Both gentlemen have, in addition to their physical investigations, made copious notes on the natural history of the countries traversed, which will, in time, be presented to Con- ress. Although not properly coming within the history of the past year, it may not be in: appropriate to inention some of the enterprises in con- templation for 1853, which are in an active state of forwardness, and which bid fair to render this year conspicuous above all others in the annals of American discovery. The most important of these is the proposed survey of the seas of the North Pacific and Behring’s straits, under Captain Cadwallader Ringgold. This officer will leave early in the spring with four vessels, all constructed and fitted for the purpose. He will take with him a complete outfit of instruments and apparatus for the successful prosecution of all branches of physical science, in addition to the hydrographical details, upon which he will, of course, bestow especial attention. By the liberal construction of the law of Congress ordering this survey, on the part of Mr. Kennedy, he will be accompanied by a corps of naturalists well skilled in their respective duties, and provided with all the material necessary to a successful prosecution of their investigations and explorations. The next exploration in contemplation is that of the river Parana and its tributaries. Captain Page has been assigned to this duty, and, in command of a small steamer, will start ina few weeks. The limited accommodations on board prevented the addition of a naturalist to the corps, but this want will be made up by the zeal of the officers them- selves, who go fully provided with the means for making collections. Much of interest will doubtless be furnished by the plants of this un- explored region. The expedition will be accompanied by an “ues enced Roicthurelen who will collect roots, seeds, and living plants, a well as dried specimens. Dr. Kane, U.S. N., so well known as an enterprising traveller, will roceed next April on a second voyage in search of Sir John Franklin. Supplied with the requisite funds by the munificence of Mr. Henry Grinnell and Mr. George Peabody, in connexion with the Geographical Society of New York, atl of the Smithsonian Institution, and accom- panied by a picked crew, Dr. Kane will undoubtedly add much to our previous knowledge of the meteorology, magnetism, geography, and natural history of the remote regions of the north. The expedition will be accompanied by a skilful collector, who will bestow especial attention upon the minute invertebrata of the Arctic ocean. Captain Lynch, to whom we are indebted for so much information respecting the Dead Sea, has again started upon a similar enterprise. Under the direction of the Secretary of the Navy, he will proceed to the coast of western Africa, touching at various points as far as the river Gaboon, for the purpose of ascertaining the most suitable point for penetrating this little known continent. ‘As soon as his reconnois- sance has been completed, he will be supplied from home with an organization of vessels, men, apparatus, &e., necessary to continue his researches. Much is anticipated for science in this expedition, in S. Mis. 53. 63 addition to the more immediate object of obtaining reliable information in respect to a future extension of colonization on the coast. 7. Coast SuRVEY. This highly important work, under the able superintendence of Prof. A. D. Bache, has progressed rapidly during the past year. The division into sections, adopted some years ago, seconded by liberal appropriations from Congress, has en: ibled the Superintendent to bring out results of the greatest value. The sections at present established are as follows Section I. F rom Passamaquoddy bay to Point Judith, including coasts of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island. Section I. From Point Judith to Cape Henlopen, including coasts of Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delawane . Section IM. From Cape Henlopen to Cape ‘Henry, including coasts of Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. Section IV. From Cape Henry to Cape Fear, including coasts of Virginia and North Carolina. Section V. From Cape Fear to the St. Mary’s river, including coasts of South Carolina and Geor gia. . Section VI. From St. Mary’sriver to St. Joseph’s bay, under Anclote keys, including the Florida reefs and keys. Section VIL. From St. Joseph’s bay to Mobile Point, including the remainder of the coast of Florida. Section VIII. From Mobile Point to Vermillion bay, including coasts of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. Section IX. From Vermillion bay to Mexico, including part of coast of Louisiana and Texas. Sections X and XI. Coast of California and Oregon. Our limits will not allow us to go into the particulars of operations on this great national work further than to state that, in every Section, triangulations, surveys, and soundings, in great number, have been made. The charts and sketches published or in progress amount to upwards of eighty, and in point of mechanical execution and accuracy are unsurpasse d. In addition to the strictly hydrogri iphical and geo- detical operations, observations have been made i in magnetism, meteor- ology, astronomy, tidal phenomena, &c., of the highest importance. Great interest, too, is felt by many officers of the survey, in different branches of natural history, which will yield practical results of great moment. 8. Domestic STATES, SocIETIES, AND INDIVIDUALS. State Surveys.--The geological surveys of the different States, as referred to in my last report, are progressing with considerable rapidity. New York has published three additional volumes of her series of mag- nificent quartos—one of paleontology, by Prof. James Hall; the others on agriculture and on fruits, by Prof. E. Emmons. The feldev ork of the Pennsylvania survey, under Prof. H. D. Rogers, is nearly com- pleted, and the final report in active state of forwardness. North Car- olina, Illinois, Mississippi, and the other States, are actively engaged in the development of their geological and paleontological history, under 64 S. Mis. 53. the supervision of the able gentlemen to whom these trusts have been committed. Antiquities of Wisconsin.—Mr. J. A. Lapham, of Milwaukie, has com- pleted the elaborate survey of the antiquities of Wisconsin, upon which he has been so long engaged, under the patronage of the American Antiquarian Society at Worcester. The manuscript record of his ope- rations is illustrated by a large number of quarto illustrations and many wood-cut figures—the whole constituting the most important contribu- tion to American ethnology made, since the publication of the work by Messrs. Squier and Davis, on the ancient monuments of the Mississippi valley. Dr. Adolphus L. Heermann, of Philadelphia, returned last spring from several years’ residence in California. During his stay he devoted especial attention to the subject of ornithology, and with such success that his collections far exceed in number and value all others previ- ously made in that region. He also procured many specimens of mam- mals, reptiles, insects, &c.—the whole furnishing a large amount of materials new to science. Colonel George A. McCall, of the United States army, during a recent tour through Oregon and California, in pursuance of his duties as inspector general, embraced the occasion, as in previous instances, to secure such zoological specimens as fell in his way. The most inter- esting acquisition thus made was that of a new genus of Saurians, somewhat resembling Phrynosoma in the presence of spines on the head, since characterized by Dr. Hallowell under the name of Anota. Reference has already been made to the very great additions to our knowledge of the geographical range and association of species fur- nished by the collections and reports of the numerous correspondents of the Smithsonian Institution, scattered, as they are, over the entire area of the United States. The particular record of their operations will be found in the list of additions to the museum of the Smithsonian Insti- tution. Mr. William Stimpson, whose labors have been referred to in a pre- vious report, during last summer again visited the rocky shores of Grand Manan, where he found a rich harvest. Many new species of marine invertebrates were procured, and others added to the American fauna, which were previously known only on the coast of Europe or of Greenland. The results of his investigations he proposes to present to the Smithsonian Institution, in the form of a memoir on the marine in- vertebrata of Grand Manan. This gentleman has been selected to accompany the expedition of Captain Ringgold, as zoologist, and will, doubtless, in connexion with his associate, Mr. Wright, as botanist, be the means of greatly extending the domain of natural science. Marine Alge.—The publication, by the Smithsonian Institution, of Harvey’s Marine Algee of North America, has been the means of exciting great interest in the study of this attractive department of botany. Nu- merous collections have been made during the past summer, by differ- ent individuals, embracing many species additional to those described by Dr. Harvey. Professor C. B. Adams, of Amherst College, having just completed his work on the shells of Panama, and desirous of procuring additional S. Mis. 53. 65 facts in regard to the distribution of marine animals, visited the island of St. Thomas in December last; whence, after spending some time there, he proposes to proceed to th ve other islands of th e same group. An appropri: aun has been made by the Institution to defray a portion of his expenses.* Exploration of Garden Key, Florida.—A very thorough exploration of Garden Key, by Lieut. Wright, resulted in the addition of m: any new and rare species of marine animals. The collections thus made were forwarded by him to the Smithsonian Institution, where they arrived in perfect order during the past summer. 9. Forriaen States, SocieTIES, AND INDIVIDUALS. During the past year several foreign savans of eminence have visited this country for the purpose of commencing explorations or continuing those previously begun. Sir Charles Ly ell made his third visit to the United States, and, as on previous occasions, endeavored to clear up certain doubtful points in the geology of this country. Dr. Charles Scherzer, of Vienna, and Dr. Moritz W agner, of Munich, were sent out, under the patronage of the Academy of Sciences of Vienna, for the purpose of instituting inquiries into the social and civil condition, the physical geography, and the natural history of North America. In pursuance of this object they have already visited the region of the lakes and of the Mississippi, “and are now in New Ofleane. preparing their reports upon what they have seen. It is their intention, some time in 1853, to penetrate into South America, and to pass several years in explor ations in various unknown parts of the continent. Prince Paul, of Wurtemberg, well known as an enterprising trav-_ eller and naturalist, has, for ie present, completed his collections and investigations in the lane States, and is about starting for Chili, where he proposes to continue his labors. His specimens hae e all been trans- mitted to Europe, where they will be elaborated as soon as possible. A valuable report has re cently been published in Germany upon the ctetaceous formation of Texas, ‘and its included fossils. The author, Dr. Ferdinand Reemer, visited this country some years ago with special reference to this geological formation, and has prese sted in the above work, in an borate for m, what was given in less detail in a smaller volume issued in 1849. The determinations of Dr. Roemer are of much interest, as constituting nearly all that is known of the geology of Texas. Very important contributions to our knowledge of the Northwest have been made by the reports of the voyage of H. B. M. ship the Herald. This vessel, during several years’ absence in the region of Behring’s straits, made numerous collections in natural history, the accounts of which are now in course of publics ition. One of the parts already issued consists of a minute account of the remarkable ice cliffs of Kotzbue’s sound, and the remains of various species of the elephant, ox, deer, musk-ox, &c., imbedded therein. Another is occupied by the botany of Western Esquimaux land. * As this Report is passing through the press, the Institution has heard, with deep r¢ regret, of the death, at St. Thomas, of Professor Adams. 5 65 S. Mis. 53. APPENDIX B. Alphabetical list of donors to the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Academy of Natural Sciences—Skins of mammalia from Oregon, (in exchange.) Academy of Sciences, Stockholm.—C ollection of skins and skeletons of mammals, with reptiles and fishes preserved m alcohol, from Northern Europe. Agassiz, Prof. L_—Nineteen species of North American Cyprinodonts. Ames, James T., and H. K. Brown.—Statuettes of male and female ttawas and of male Chippewas, modelled by H. K. Brown, and cast in bronze by James T. Ames, at Springfield, Massachusetts. Baird, S. F.—Fishes and reptiles from Massachusetts and New Hampshire. Baird, W. M.—Specimens of Pimelodus from Reading, Pennsylvania. Barker, Dr. S. B.—Fishes and reptiles from Charleston, South Carolina. Barratt, Dr. J. B.—Reptiles, fishes, &c., from Abbeville, South Carolina. Bartlett, Joshua.—Shells, &c., from Whitehead, Maine; skin of lump fish; various fishes and crustaceans, in alcohol. — Beck, Dr. Wm. B., U. S. N.—Fossil wood from near Fredericksburg, Virginia. Infusorial earth from Rappahannock clifts. Bibb, George R.—¥Fishes and reptiles from Russelville, Kentucky. Blunt, Lieut., U. S. N—Minerals from California. Boden, Dan. B.—Specimen of Lota from Otsego Lake. Bowman, J. Soule-—Reptiles from California, and fishes from the Sweetwater branch of the Platte. Boyle, Dr. C. C.—Reptiles from California, (dep.) Brewer, Miss.—Prepared Algze from the coast of Massachusetts. Butterfield, Hon. J—Three boxes of geological specimens collected by Dr. D. Owen in his U. S. surveys. Delaware County Institute, through George Smith.—Collection of the plants of Delaware county, Pennsylvania. Demg, E. T.—Skeleton of female gray wolf, from the Yellowstone river. Dyer, G. H.—Skin of albatros—Cape Horn. Drewsen, Christian.—Eighty species of Greenland shells. Eakins, D. W.—Stone pipe dug up from a depth of thirty-two feet, im the Cherokee nation. Edwards, Dr., U. 8. A.—Skulls of Indians, buffalo, bighorn, &c. Emory, Major W. H.—Skms and skeletons of mammalia, from Texas. Engelmann, Dr. George.—Suite of plants collected by F. Lindheimer in Texas, and by himself about St. Louis. Fairie, James.—Reptiles, insects, stalactites, and a specimen of maguey plant, from Orizaba. Collection of reptiles, birds, &c., from Morehouse parish, Louisiana. For, Rev. Charles.—Several very full collections of fishes, reptiles, &c., from Grosse Isle, Michigan. S. Mis. 53. ; 67 Gilliss, Lieut. J. M., U. S. N.—¥ossils trom Caldera, Chili. Girard, C.—Fishes from Maine. ; Guest, W. E.—Two heads of common deer, (Cervus Virginianus,) skins of cross fox and otter. Hopkins, | —Collection of fishes from Cayuga lake. Hoy, Dr. P. R.—¥ishes and reptiles from Racine, Wisconsin; skins of ids ee Wisconsin. Jarvis, Dr., U. S. A.—Gold and silver ores from Mexico. Keller, J. S—Geological specimens from Schuylkill county, Penn sy lvania. Kelsey, W.—Crystallized copper from Cliff mine, Lake Superior. Kennedy, Hon. J. P., Secretary of the Navy.—Plants collected around the Dead Sea by Captain Lynch, U. 8. N. Kurtz, Lieut. J. D.—Large collection of recent and fossil shells from the coast of South Carolina; shells and crustaceans, in alcohol and dried, from Charleston harbor ; alg from the same locality. Lindheimer, F’.—Fishes, repules, crustaceans, &c., from New Braun- fels, Texas. Lewis, K.—Stone used by the Indians in dressing skins, from the fork of the Arkansas and Verdigris rivers. Marsh, Hon. George P.—Collection of shells, seeds, crocodiles’ eggs, &c., from Egypt. Marshall, B.—Tooth of mastodon, found thirty-five miles above the mouth of Grand river, near Fort Gibson. Maury, Lieut. M. F.—Skin of young manatus, from the Amazon. Marcy, Captain R. B., and Captain McClellan.—F¥ shes, reptiles, and insects, from Red river, Arkansas. Norwood, Dr. J. G.—Fishes from the Wabash river. Porter, Professor T. C.—Fishes, &c., from near Mercersburg, Pa. Prescott, Dr. Wnm—Typical specimen of Coregonus novanglia. Lake Winnipisiogee. Prince, George—Specimen of Chironectes, crustacea, and gulf-weed, from the Gulf Stream. Rafn, Profissor C. C., through J. F. Jillson.—Stone axes, arrow-heads, &e., from Denmark. Rodgers, Lieut. John, U. S. N.—Fish caught in sounding-line off Cape Florida ; ; soundings from same locality. . Rogers, Professor W. B.—Infusorial earth from near Richmond, Vir- ginia, “and from Barbadoes. Ruhl, F.—Skeletons of bat, Vespertilio pruinosus; of a fish, Tautoga Americana; skeleton of Coluber and skin of Harelda glacialis, from New York. Safford, Professor J. M.—F ifty species of Unionidae, from Tennessee. Sears, Alfred.—Tusk and tooth of fossil elephant, from diluvium near Wheelin? ; Indian remains from a mound near the same locality. Shumard, Dr. B. F'.—Plants and shells collected in Oregon; collec- tion of reptiles from Mississipp1. Stanley, J. M.—Porcupine quills, as colored for manufacturing pur- poses, by the Indians of Arkansas; skin of Ielis onca, or jaguar, and of Dicotyles torquatus, or peccary, from ‘Texas ; steitoe ‘ked horns of two deer, Cervus Virginianus ; horns of ditto in the velvet. 68 S. Mis. 53. Stevens, Dr. R. P.—Fossil remains, shells, fishes, reptiles, &c., from Olean, New York. Thompson, Rev. Zadock.—Specimens of Leuciscus atromaculatus, and cornutus, from Vermont ; Menobranchus, and various species of fishes, from Lake Champlain. Totten, Lieut. James, U. S. A—Leaf of Sisal hemp, from Florida. Varden, John.—Specimens of coal, from the great London exhibition. Wailes, Col. B. L. C.—Recent and fossil shells, from Mississippi ; marine fishes, from the coast of Mississippi; Unzonide and Chelonia, from Mississippi. Wallington, F.—Nests and eggs of birds, from Garden Key, Florida. Wheatland, Dr. H.—Uiving specimens of Testudo tabulata, trom Para, and ‘ Scaphiopus solitarius,” trom Danvers, Massachusetts. Wheeler, Dr. S. J.—Amber, from near Murfreesborough, N. Carolina. White, B. A.—Fishes trom Oconee river, Georgia. Whitney, Samuel.—Native copper and silver, from Lake Superior. Williams, Professor L. D.—Specimens of Menopoma and Meno- branchus. Wormley, Dr. T. G.—Fishes and shells, from the vicinity of Colum- bus, Ohio. Wright, Lieut. H. G.—Fishes, corals, crustacea, and shells, from Tortugas. Wright, Charles—Skins of birds and lynx, with skull of wolf; fossil shells, &c., from near Frontera, ‘Texas. Donor unknown.—F ossils from Middlesex county, Virginia. $s - Fossil coal plants from near Harrisburg, Pa. ‘i ‘6 Minerals from Washington county, Maryland. « sé Specimens of Ama, Catostomus, Clupea, and Coluber Alleghaniensis. APPENDIX C. List of Foreign Institutions to which Volumes II] and IV, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, were sent, June, 1852. SWEDEN. Lund.—University Library. Stockholm.—Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien. Vitterhets Historie och Antiquitets Akademien. Riksbiblioteket. Upsala.—University Library. Société Royale des Sciences a Upsal. ‘ NORWAY. Bergen.—Bergen’s Museum. Christiania——The University Library. S. Mis. 53. 69 ICELAND. Reykjavk.—tIslands Stiftisbokasafn. . ; DENMARK. Copenhagen.—Kongelige Nordiske Oldskrift Selskab. Konge lige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. Kongelige Bibhothek. ¢ RUSSIA. PDorpat.— Observatoire Impérial. Kusan.— University Library. Moscow.—Société fmpériale des Naturalistes de Moscou. St. Petersburg —Académie Impériale des Sciences. Imperial Public Library. Administration Impé sriale des Mines. HOLLAND. Amsterdam.—Académie des Sciences. Ffaarlem.—Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen. flague—Royal Library. Leyden.—Univer sity Library. Middelburg. —Zecuwsche Genootschap der Wetenschappen. Rotterdam.—Bataafsch Genootschap der proctondervindelikke Wijsbe- geerte. Uireckt—Utregtsch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. GERMANY. Berlin. —Koniglich-Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Koénigliche Bibliothek. Konigliches Museum. Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde. Bonn.—University Library. - Bremen.—Stadt-Bibliothek. Breslau and Bonn.—K. L. C. Akademie der Naturforscher Dresden. —Konigliche Bibliothek. Erlangen —University Library. Frenkfurt am Main.—Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Pretherg.—WKoniglich-Sichsische Bergakademie. Freiburg. —University Library. Giessen.—Unive rsity ‘Library. Greifswald.— University Library. Goettingen.—Konigliche Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, University Library. Halle.—University Libr: ary. Hamburg. —Stadt-Bibliothek. University Library. ° 70 S. Mis. 53. Hannover.—Royal Library. Heidelberg.—University Library. Innspruck.—University Library. Jena.— University Library. Karlsruhe.-—Grossherzogliche Hof bibliothek. Koenigsberg.—University Library. Leipsic.—Stadt-Bibliothek. Konigliche Siaichsische Gesellschaft. Marburg.—Gesellschaft zur Beférderung der Gesammten Naturwissen- schaften. University Library. Munich.—Koniglich Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Konigliche Hof-und Staatsbibliothek. Prag.—University Library. Kénigliche Béhmische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. Boéhmisches Museum. Pesth.—University Library. Ungarische Gelehrte Gesellschaft. Stuttgart.—Konieliche Oeftentliche Bibliothek. Verein fiir Vaterlandische Naturkunde. Tiibingen.— University Library. Vienna.—K. K. Akademie der Orientalischen Sprachen. Kaiserliche Hofbibliothek. University Library. Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften. Wiirzburg.—University Library. BELGIUM. Bruczelles—Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux- Arts. Observatoire Royal. City Library. Gand.—University Library. Liege.—Société Royale des Sciences. Louvain.— Université Catholique. FRANCE. Bordeaux.—Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts. : Société Linnéenne. Caen.—Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres. Société Linnéenne de Normandie. Société des Antiquaires de Normandie. Dion.—Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres. Lille.—Société des Sciences, de PAgriculture et des Arts. Mende.—Société d’ Agriculture, Commerce, Sciences, et Arts. Lyon.—Société d’Agriculture, d’Histoire Naturelle, et des Arts Utiles. Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts. Société Linnéenne. Metz.— Académie Nationale. * Montpellier —Société Archéologique. S. Mis. 53. 71 Orleans.—Société des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts. Paris.—L Institut de France. Société des Antiquaires. “© Asiatique. “de Géographie. “ Géologique de France. *¢ — Philomatique. Bibliotheque Nationale. Bibliotheque du Jardin des Plantes. L’ Ecole des Mines. Société Ethnologique. Bibliotheque de la Ville de Paris. Société Nationale et Centrale d’ Agriculture. Ministére de la Marine. Strasbourg.—Société des Sciences, Agriculture, et Arts, du bas Rhian. Académie des Sciences N aturelles. Toulouse—Académie des Sciences, Inscriptions, et Belles-Lettres. SWITZERLAND. Basel.—Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Antiquarische Gesellschaft. Bern.—Schweizerische Gesellschaft fiir die Gesammten Naturwissen- schaften. Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Geneve.—Société de Physique et d’Histoire Naturelle. City Library. Neuchatel. Société des Sciences Naturelles. Zurich.—Naturforschende Gesellschaft. Gesellschaft fiir Vaterlandische Alterthiimer in Zurich. ITALY. Bologna.—Istituto delle Scienze ed Arti Liberali. i Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali. Florence.—Biblioteca Magliabecchiana. Lucca.—Reale Accademia Lucchese di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. -Milan.—Biblioteca Brera. Imperiale Regio Istituto Lombardo di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. Modena.—Societa Italiana delle Scienze. Naples.—Reale Accademia delle Scienze, e Belle Lettere. Padua.—tImperiale Regia Academia di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. Pisa.—University Library. Palermo.—Royal Academy of Sciences. Rome.—Accademia Romana di Arche ologia. Biblioteca Vaticana. Accademia Pontifica dei Nuovi Lincei. Turin —Accademia Reale delle Scienze. Venice.—Biblioteca Marciana. ¢ 72 S. Mis. 53. PORTUGAL. Lishbon.—Academia Real dos Sciencias. SPAIN. Madrid.—Real Academia Espanola. 6 sé de la Historia. Academia Real de Ciencias. Biblioteca Real. GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. Belfast—Natural History and Philosophic al Society. Cambridge —Cambr idge Ee ioaa al Society. University Library. Observatory. Penzance-—Royal Geological Society of Cornwail. Dublin.—Royal Irish Academy. Library of Trinity College. Edinburg.—Royal Society. Royal Scottish Society of Arts. Royal Observatory. Advocates’ Library. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. University Library. Wernerian Society of Natural History. Glasgow.—University Library. Greenwich Royal Observator y- London.—Royal Society. “ Astronomical Society. “¢ Asiatic Society. *¢ Geographical Society. ‘Institution. Society of Antiquaries. Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce. Linnean Society. Geological Society. Institution of Civil Engineers. Zoological Society. Entomological Society. Statistical Society. Microscopical Society. Ethnological Society. British Archiological Association. British Museum. Library of the House of Commons. Horticultural Society. e Chemical Society. Archeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. : oat S. Mis. 53. 73 Board of Admiralty. Library of the Hon. the East India Company. Royal College of Surgeons. British Association. Athenzeum Club. Philological Society. Museum of Practical Geology. London Library. Leeds.—Philosophical and Literary Society. Liverpool—F ree Public Library. Janchester.—Literary and Philosophic al Society. Free Library and Museum. Ozjord.—Bodleian Library. Radcliffe Observatory. St. Andrews—University Library. GREECE. Athens.—University Library. TURKEY. Constantinople—Library of the Sultan. AFRICA. Grand Cairo.—The Egyptian Society. Lilberia.x—Government Library. ASIA. Batavia.—Bataviaasche Ge nootschap van Konsten en Wetenschappen Bombay.—Royal Asiatic Society. Geogr: iplite al Society. Calcutta.—Asiatic Society. Ceylon. —Asiatic Society. Hong Kong. —Asiatic Society of China. Madras. —Liter: ary Society. Manilla.—loyal Economical § Society of the Philippine Islands. WEST INDIES AND SOUTH AMERICA. Bogota.—Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais. Cie as.—Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais. Habana.—Real Sociedad Economica: Rio Janeiro—Imperial Brazilian Historical Society. Chilii—Government Library. University Library. Mexico.—Sociedad Mexicana de Geografia y Estadistica. . 74 S. Mis. 63. REPORT OF THE GENERAL ASSISTANT, IN CHARGE OF THE METEOROLOGICAL CORRESPONDENCE. To Josepu Henry, LL. D., Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution : Srr: I herewith submit to you a report, showing the condition of the meteorological correspondence of the Institution during the year 1852. With but few exceptions, there have been received regular monthly returns of observations from all the stations previously reported, and it 1s gratifying to find that the system has been extended by the addition of several stations. The new observers reside chiefly in the western and southern States—districts of country from which meteorological inform- ation was much needed. ‘The spirit manifested by the corps of observ- ers has also improved; as is manifest from the registers being care- fully kept, and the desire of all who have but few instruments to supply themselves in this respect, and at their own cost. It is to be regretted that the limited means at the disposal of the Institution for this object, and the many demands upon it for other purposes, render it inexpe- dient, at present, to aid observers in the purchase of instruments. Soon after the occurrence of an earthquake in the central part of the United States, on the 29th of April, 1852, a circular was issued by the Secretary, requesting a report of any observations which had been made or could be gathered relative to that event. Numerous replies have been received, embodying facts sufficient to enable the Institution to mark the point of chief intensity, and trace out the diverging lines along which the earth-wave passed. Another circular has been sent out during the year, requesting persons having in their possession any meteorological registers for series of years previous to the files of the Institution, which com- menced early in 1849, to transmit them for reduction. A large amount of valuable information from various parts of this country has by this means been obtained. As this collection is still in progress, a report of its results is at this time withheld. The instruments belonging to the Institution, and deposited with observers, remain as before reported. In addition to the necessary blank forms and directions for registra- tion of the weather, the aurora, periodical phenomena of plants, and the circulars for special observations just referred to, there have been distributed to observers a copy of the following works, viz: Sixth “ An- nual Report of the Smithsonian Institution ;” Espy’s “ eport on Meteor- ology ;” “ Meteorological Report of the Surgeon General of the U. 8. A.,” a sufficient number of copies having been kindly placed at the disposal of the Institution by the Surgeon General for this purpose; ‘* Directions for making collections in Natural History ;” ‘Patent Office Report, 1850 ;”’ part 2d of ‘ Guyot’s Meteorological Tables ;” and other smaller publications, not necessary to be enumerated. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, E. FOREMAN, General Assistant Smithsonian Institution. S. Mis. 53. 79 List of persons from whom Meteorological Observations have been received at the Smithsonian Institution during the year 1852. State. WEAR este eine no ces New HampsuHire... VERMONT.....-..-- MASSACHUSETTS. ... RuopE IsuanpD..... CoNNECTICUT ......- New York 29:35: Name. Rev. Samuel H. Merrill. - George B. Barrows... ..- James G. Garland....-.. Rufus Buck -~s-e ee eee wwe Dr. William Prescott. ..- tobert C. Mack.......- Rey. Levi W. Leonard. - Samuel Nobel! 22.0 s.c6 2 Rev. Zadock Thompson. . Prof. W. Hi Parker... ... Lewis M. Dayton ...... D. Underwood... 2.. David Buckland .......- Jacob Batchelder .-.-..- Samuel F. Haven...-... William Bacon. .<2..4... Amasa Holcomb Henry Rice C. M. Freeman Benjamin R. Gifford... .. Oe ee <2 ee we ewe wee Prof. A. Caswell....... Rev. T. L. Edwards. ..-. Prof. Aug. W. Smith. ... P. A. Chadbourne. .-...- bet. Munger. <_- 222 Phillipstown. Liiearchild Sate fees Constableville. Dr-Re@ewilliamse 028 Gouverneur. New Jersey... 92:. Prot A. 0): Brosh soe Burlington. ie Cooke. seen ae. Bloomfield. W. A. Whitehead ......| Newark. PENNSYLVANIA....- Weir Blodgere.. vce: Sugar Grove. . Prot. Wn acOus we ns Gettysburg. Joseph Edwards 2 Li J. L. Miller SEI ns Revi I. Gs Ralstons. ca. Norristown. John Jackson? 22-0 ag Darby. Andrew foulston- 22.2). Freeport. David Peclor = She Indiana. Corydon Marks ........ Manchester. Dro RoBestevens a. Ceres. | Dr. Paul Swift....-...- Philadelphia. Ebenezer Hance ..-....- Morrisville. 4 a Kunger ; Pe Nazareth. “. Kummer | Dri aitieisely 245 ooo: Harrisburg. | ‘Orrin eel ObbSe 2 et Randolph. Me int). eee ane ee Honesdale. Dr: Hieagy Smyser.-'-* Pittsburg. W:Weaivalson . eee Pittsburg. Jolg @omaly 2 23k 2 Byberry. Francis Schriener ...-.. Kingsley’s P. O. Prof. J. A. Kirkpatrick. .| Philadelphia. tev. David J. Eyler . ..-| Somerset. J. Fisherae oorlies s4— Philadelphia. M. Avhbome . "See Summit Hill. Thomas Seabrook... ..- Summitville. SamuelMorown ous. Bedford. Barnet McElroy........| Clarksburg. State. DELAWARE ........- MARYLAND ........- Dist. or CoLuMBIA. ViIRGINTA 422.202. NortH CAROLINA... SoutH CAROLINA... GHORGTA os aside se ALABAMA ...-.- = aunie S. Mis. 58. LIST—Continued. Name. Prot: 2a? orter = .n2.. Dr. William Baer ...... Dr. Lewis F. Steiner. . . -| Henry E. Hanshew....-. | Lewis Spell... 2 224. | Rev. John P. Carter. .-.| Proidek Nelson. <=. Smithsonian Institution. - Dr. F. J. Mettauer...-- | William Skeen......... | Diecuieh a0. Astop...,.. - | Charles Meriwether. ....| Dr. William N. Patton... David Turners. 2. ..... JW bar ville oo 2 N. B. Webster. .....-.- Marshall McDonald..... Prof. James Phillips .... Rev. J. A. Shepherd. ... Rev. Fred. Fitzgerald :. .| H. W. Ravenel ......-- Thornton Carpenter - -. - Richard T. Gibson... ..- Dr. George F. Cooper. .. Dr. E. M. Pendleton... ..- Disdono Fl. Posey. o.° 3° P. C. Pendleton... .. <...- Prof. J. E. Willet....... John, Warby -- - <1 4a-4.- S.J. Cumming......--- Alexander Winchell... -| Drive. Osborne's. << 77 Residence. Newark. Sykesville. Baltimore. Frederick, Leitersburg. Hagerstown. New Windsor. Washin gton. Prince Edward C.H. Huntersville. Crichton’s Store. Cobham. Lewisburg. Richmond. Madison. Buffalo. Middlesex. Bridgewater. Winchester. Portsmouth. Romney. Chapel Hill. L. Seu ppernong. Jackson. St. John’s, Berkely. Camden. Whitemarsh Island. Perry. Sparta. Savannah. Powellton. Penfield. Culloden. Monroeville. Eutaw. Erie. ——_—« 78 State. FLoripa TENNESSEE Micuican S. Mis. 58. LIST—Continued. Name. John#Newton 222.225 John ‘Rearson, U.S. N..... Judgetug. Steeles...) IW eSeeposarte yeas che |. Ac duiwikatch. 22:2hees 2. ThomasOakley. 2... - Dr. E.ab Barton. ~ 2. -): Jab Browne’ <. Set Pres’t T.C. Ervendberg. - Dr. Samuel K. Jennings. ProfA 2PoStewart...< -|. Prof. 'W. M. Stewart -. Reuben Harris, U. S. N. Prof.'O2W Morris 2. )- Thomas L. Sawyer..... John-E. Younglove......- Lawrence Young.....-. Fi, C.. Hemicke 222.2 Sei. L. -Berthoud-22 200222 .. Prof.:@.ge), Allen. :5 43 2 Drsk..€.:Bidwell...... George L. Crookham. ... SS. N.asamiord <2. iaes 3 Edwardiviiade? 2882. Rev. J.D. McMatthews. - Theo. G.”W ormiey .- . ~- FA Beaton. en es Prof. J. Wi. Andrews. . - - Thomas F. Withrow. .-.- Li. Gromemwer ... 3-0 Prof. J.R. W. Sloane. --. Rev. George Duffield. - - - Dr. W.M. Campbell... . Thomas Whelpley..... - Dr. H. R. Schetterley - - - Charles*Hetts. 5.025%... Elmore Wainright...... Lo Wood... . wae Muynesota TER. ... InprIan TERRITORIES. OREGON kc d-< ccc - = a'c Bruitisu Possessions S. Mis. 53. 79 LIST—Continued. Name. Residence. W..W. Alistim.-2: : cece. Richmond. John Chappellsmith..... New Harmony. Prot.d. Bingley... - Greencastle. Prot, -Pors row... 3... Upper Alton. Dr. 8. Beeitead « 2 - eck Hancock. Prof. Joel ital. =... Athens. Dre JOO aaah. oh = oe Ottowa. Dr. J..B.N. Khogers....; Plymouth. ADs et da. cco hake nea! Muscatine. ida ale 2.2 ce Keokuk. Daniel McCready ......| Fort Madison. Dr sae Pe or, eer 6 Dubuque. J.A.Lapham.... ....| Milwaukee. Tey. Salty Grae y.a.<5-—2. Kenosha. Orrin Densmore......-- Emerald Grove. Prot ss ke iaathrop =... .| Belort. Dre-bs Peis... id Baraboo. James C. Brayton...... Aztalan. TPhottias Gaye steer 3 - = ea Fontaine. OF; Pomengy ss 02.4 4. | Green Lake. Prof. J. Li. Pickard. «.:-2. | Platteville. Williaiigyres.. < 21g o,f « | Watertown. Edward Spencer....... | Summit. Samuel Spates....-...-. | Sandy Lake. Charles Cavileer ....... Pembina. Alonzo Barnard........- Cass Lake. Rev. Stephen R. Riggs. . Prof. A. G. Moffatt...... George A. Atkinson .... Capt.J. Hi. Lefroy. ..«. « - Dr. Chas. Smallwood. - . Henry Poole Bermupa, W.I....-.| Capt. Alexander, Bi Bees: z Lac-qui-Parle. Armstrong Acad’y. Oregon City. Toronto, Canada W. St. Martin’s, ‘* Pictou, Nova Scotia. Bermuda. 80 S. Mis. 53. List of persons from whom have been received registers of periodical phe- nomena observed during the year 1852. State. New HampsHIRE... MASSACHUSETTS. .-- ConNECTICUT New York New JERSEY. PENNSYLVANIA MarvyvLAND VIRGINIA «4... Name. SDP ark er Pe ee at Dr. Joseph L. Stevens. - Sciam. oR ous Godan 8 Roberis@:.Mack 22.8632 WoalliameBacone) 35.2 Henry Rice Prof. Jehn Johnston: << -.: W. EsGuest.22 tetas. Dr. Joseph Bates 292 2. John E. Jenkins: 3... 52: Cornélius (@hase —:22... John, Braye oes ieee thas aE aac lands eee. © John (Bowanan® ee 6: 4 Hs ING @bytatit a) nrec cee oe W Cy: Belcher - 22222" Rev. Prof. A. Frost W.A. Whitehead... -.- iw tagha@nn TG sy eases estes, es Davitt Peelore. os cc6 =.) John: Jackkeons oS cake: 2 Dr. R. P. Stevens Prot. Jae. C ofits) Prot: Memiacobsic. sie 22 Johnitigams 3. oe Dr."Georse Smith... =. -- J.Si eller <2 ce: Prof. 1.2 Williams. . .’. John Caley ser_--= = 2 Miss Harriet M. Baer... Jedediah Hotchkiss. ... - N. Be Wester. 2222s. ex Re PS Agipp".2 2s teae ed Dr. John RK: Purdie... Residence. Steuben. Castine. Manchester. Londonderry. Richmond. N. Attleboro’. Middletown. Ogdensburg. Lebanon Springs. North Salem. Chatham, Colum. co. West Point. Constableville. Baldwinsville. Sag Harbor. Plattsburg. Burlington. Newark. Hollidaysburg. Indiana. Mercersburg. Darby. Ceres. Easton. Gettysburg. Radnor. Upper Darby. Orwigsburg. Meadville. Hagerstown. Sykesville. Mossy Creek. Portsmouth. Genito. Smithfield. Dr. A. G. Grinnan..eexe| Madison C. H. S. Mis. 53. 81 LIST—Continued. State. Name. Residence. Sourn Carorina ...| Dr. J. A. Young......-. Camden. INDABANMA 2. wes onc Alexander Winchell. ...) Eutaw. Benjamin F. Holly ..... Weokaville. MB SAS ete aes oe VG. Mevendbero. 2.4 New Wied. OB 43% sc xiewettee Vom Weitess s.ccwos oe Cincinnati. Robert Shields. ........ Belle Centre. Ty. Gtomewee. . .ac.025.00 Germantown. Miss P. D. Childs...... Keene. MICHIGAN .......-. Li Woodnilt . 222s. as Ann Arbor. Dr. Dennis Cooley...-... Washington, Ma- comb co. NPSSOGRT. 225. a Prof. John M. Ordway..|} Trenton, Grundy co. Wo Wikeasa eco s ee caae Daniel McCready ..-....- Fort Madison. | List of persons, and stations, furnishing meteorological observations to the Regents of the University of the State of New York. Names. Stations. eG Cet ec tiered aa eee aie Deaf and Dumb Institute, N. Y. Dr. Horace Webster..o...25508 Free Academy, New York. eV. 9. OW ONE saccades oo -a See Erasmus Hall, Flatbush, L. I. PORER. WANESP cc 0 scie wis se ee East Hampton, Long Island. Provessor © Cook... coc. 2008e3 Albany. Joann DW sikiis./. 2.22 4s,< see ae Liberty, Sullivan county. WM ‘Go McKOOn so:sias 25.65 sc oer Delhi, Delaware county. Charles'G. Hazeltine. <.....= ») oe Bufialo. Rev. Dr. C. Dewey . 2.5. Rochester. Rey. b sblialens 9620... See Geneva College, Ontario county. liyiman W iGonkey <2... |. ae Syracuse. W EL.Gillespiee ses. 2. 0c eee Mexico, Oswego county. Joseph) Wie Veydor-2 <2 S20. aren Plattsburg. JeoRY. PeniginS ease ee ee occa cee Salem Centre. Wa Girest): 6a oo Ogdensburg. Hon. NathanreleJiones)... 2 2\:,.,.5 2%): Newburg. List of the persons and stations of the meteorological system of the State of Massachusetts. Names. Stations. erotik. So Snell ree or hoe cee Amherst College. iProt.vAlbert, Hopkins i. ae cee een ogee ARTA DOLLA CIOM actoeet ae .clee civics icin lala Sli ceteeinc. < w+ waco Sees eles ROMRUHOUY cecarSe acinniniv dna wiaein a sees sok neeees 6H 'Seisb aace Goes General printing = oo 21s. e Seenis pe eeeines tims ane Sere iee SEU TA TRUE A UU Stns rale set ay ee ee ooo. c, Sree ayers dncidentale, general 222) 28 -2)o21- anaes etn aciecacese cmc ae PAIGE; LONOMM ass oian sie desea nn cacu awl ampasae os ae walsaeeeee Publications, Researches, and Lectures. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge. ..-.-......--.------- Reports on progress of knowledge... .-.-.-.-.--. --o02- tec coe Miherjppublicawonsss «25 2/22 < onsie<-5 5 stecewce osesceies 35 Besos BR OC Salant nle 30s sha aeticte nin Sneha ens keene ee MIVES AO AMUIOMS 221 ops s aac nnyee cic su lode acmetawie geese cae ce WOR VIOL LEGUULOEN «=: oi he would report as to the state of the account between the Board and the contractor previous to the discontinuance of his services. Mr. Renwick agreed to this proposition, and in ac- cordance with it has prese nted his final report to the Regents. After Mr. Renwick left the charge of the building the committee employed Captain B. 8. Alexander, of the U. 8. corps of Engineers, to prepare detailed drawings and plans for rendering the remainder of 88 S. Mis. 53. the building entirely fire-proof. This gentleman is now engaged as superintendent in the erection of the military and naval asylum for the District of Columbia, and is highly recommended to the committee by the officers of the army and navy, as well as by the fact that so im- portant a work has been intrusted to his superintendence. Should the plans which are herewith submitted to the Board be adopted, the committee would recommend that Captain Alexander be appointed, with the consent of the superior of his corps, to superintend the completion of the building. As he is an officer of the army, on duty in this city, he will be enabled to give daily attention to the work at a comparatively small expense. GRAHAM N. FITCH, RICHARD RUSH, JOHN W. MAURY, JOSEPH HENRY, lene Committee. S. Mis. 53. 89 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS. SIXTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE BOARD OP REGENTS. [Continued from last Report. ] . WasHINGTON, June 5, 1852. The Board of Regents was notified to meet this day at 11 o'clock. A quorum not being present, the Board adjourned to August 7, 1852. Wasuine ton, August 7, 1852. The Board of Regents met this evening at 7$0’clock. Present: Messrs. Colcock, Fitch, Pearce, and Totten. Mr. Maury, elected Mayor of Washington, and therefore ex officio Regent of the Smithsonian Institution, appeared and took his seat. In the absence of the Chancellor, Mr. Pearce took the chair. Mr. Fitch, from the Building Committee, presented to the Board a letter from James Renwick, jr., architect, informing the committee that the building, so far as it was embraced in the contract of Mr. Cam- eron, was completed, and recommending that six thousand dollars be advanced to the contractor from the fifteen per cent. kept back, in advance of Mr. Renwick’s final certificate ; also stating that it would take several days for him to make up his final award. _ Mr. Fitch stated to the Board that there was now a suit pending between Mr. Cameron and his sub-contractor ; and that though the Institution had no interest in this suit, the Regents had been informed that they were a party to the same. The Building Committee, there- fore, thought it advisable to refer this subject to the Board. In order to obtain further information on this point, it was, on mo- tion, resolved to postpone the consideration until next meeting. Mr. Fitch, from the Building Committee, also presented an account from Mr. Renwick for services from March 1 to June 1, 1852; which the committee did not feel themselves authorized to pay without an order from the Board. —, Mr. Fitch also presented, from the same committee, a communica- tion from Mr. Renwick to the Board, relative to his compensation, in- cluding another account for services to August 1, 1852. 90 S Mis. 53. Mr. Fitch presented a resolution relative to the payment of the ac- counts of Mr. Renwick, the consideration of which was postponed to the next meeting. The Board then adjourned to Monday evening, August 9, at 74 o’clock. WasuineTon, August 9, 1852. The Board of Regents met this evening at 73 o’clock. Present: Messrs. Colcock, Mason, Maury, Pearce, and Totten, of the Board, and Mr. Seaton, treasurer; and, by invitation, Mr. Lenox, late Mayor of Washington. In the absence of the Chancellor, Mr. Pearce took the chair. The proposition to advance Mr. Cameron six thousand dollars from the fifteen per cent. retained by the Board was brought up for consid- eration, and after a full discussion of the same, the following resolution, offered by Mr. Mason, was adopted : Resolved, That the Building Committee be requested to settle the accounts of Mr. Cameron, pursuant to his contract, and that any bal- ance that may be found due be paid him, unless, in the discretion of the committee, under advice of counsel, it may be deemed prudent by them to pay the money into court, in the pending suit to which the Institution is a party, or to withhold it until further order of the Board. The resolution offered by Mr. Fitch at the last meeting, relative to the accounts of Mr. Renwick, was taken up; and after being modified by General Totten, was adopted, as follows: Resolved, That Mr. Renwick, having reported by letter to the Building Committee that the Smithsonian building is completed, be notified that his services as architect are no longer required by the Regents of this Institution, and that the bills he has presented for his services up to the first of August, 1852, will be paid as soon as he shall have rendered to the Regents his final certificate of the completion of the building, ac- cording to the terms of the contract with Dixon and Cameron, as mod- ified on the 3d July, 1850; and if the building be not completed, the said bills shall be paid upon the rendition of his certificate showing the extent to which it is completed, and the particulars in which it is unfin- ished; together with any plans of the building, or papers, belonging to the Institution, which may be in his possession. Resolved, That the Secretary be authorized to pay said bills, in ac- cordance with the foregoing resolution. The Secretary stated that the expiration of the term of service of Mr. Lenox as a Regent, has caused a vacancy in the Building Com- mittee. The Chair nominated Mr. Maury to fill the vacancy ; and, on mo- tion, the nomination was confirmed. The following resolution, offered by Mr. Totten, was adcpted : Resolved, That the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution have heard with deep regret the death of Mr. Andrew J. Downing, late superintendent of the grounds of the Institution. Resolved, That we entertain a grateful sense of the value of Mr. Downing’s services in the department to which he devoted his life; and S. Mis. 53. 91 while we bow with submission to this mysterious dispensation of Provi- dence, we feel that his decease is an irreparable loss to this Institution, to the city of Washington, and in general a public calamity. Resolved. That we tender to the family of the deceased the expres- sion of our sincere sympathy in this time of their affliction. Resolved, That the Secretary be requested to send a copy of these resolutions to the family of the deceased. The Board then adjourned sine die. SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. Wasuineton, January 5, 1853. In accordance with a resolution of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, fixing the time of the beginning of their annual meeting on the first Wednesday of January of | “each year, the Board met this day in the Regents’ room, over the south entrance of the main building. Present: Messrs. Mason, Maury, Meacham, Rush, and Totten, of the Board; and Mr. Seaton, treasurer of the Institution. Mr. Charlton, the new member appointed from the Senate U.S., was present and took his seat at the Board. In the absence of the Chancellor, Mr. Rush was called to the chair. The Secretary informed the Board that there were two vacancies in the list of Regents, and that the Senate had passed a resolution to fil these, which was now before the House of Representatives for con- currence. Also, that there was a vacancy in the Executive Commit- tee, which prevents the drawing of the semi-annual interest from the treasury and the settlement of the accounts of the past year. ‘On motion of Mr. Mason, Resolved, That the vacancy in the Executive Committee be filled by nomination of the Chair. Whereupon, Mr. Mason was appointed. The Secretary informed the Board that the accounts and reports relative to the operations of the last year would be ready for presenta- tion at the next meeting. Whereupon, the Board adjourned to Saturday the 15th inst., at 10 o’clock a. m. WasHINGTON, Junuary 15, 1853. The Board of Regents met this day at 10 o’clock in the Regents’ room. A quorum not being present, “the meeting adjourned to 22d inst., at 11 ’o’clock’a. m. —— 92 S. Mis. 53. Wasuineton January 22, 1853. The Board of Regents met this day at 11 o’clock a.m. Present: Messrs. Charlton, Colcock, Maury, Meacham, Pearce, Rush, Totten ; Mr. Seaton, treasurer; and Washington Irving, honorary member. In the absence of the Chancellor, and on motion of Mr. Rush, Mr. Pearce took the chair. The proceedings of the previous meeting were read and approved. The Building Committee submitted their report, which was read and adopted. The Secretary presented the report and final decision of James Renwick, Jr., which was read, and, on motion of General Totten, referred to the Building Committee. The plans for finishing the central building, by Captain B. 8. Alex- ander, corps of Engineers U. 8., were presented and examined. On motion of General Totten, the following resolutions were adopted : Resolved, That the plans for finishing the interior of the centre building presented by Captain B. S. Alexander, corps Engineers U. S., be adopted by the Board of Regents, reserving the right, in behalf of the Building Committee, of altering the details thereof to such an extent as may seem to them proper as the work proceeds. Resolved, That Captain Alexander be requested to give to the gene- ral supervision of the execution of his plan such time as his public duties will permit, and that he be compensated therefor to such amount as to the Building Committee shall seem just and proper. The treasurer presented the details of the expenditures; which was, on motion, referred to the Executive Committee. The Secretary presented his report of the operations of the Insti- tution for the past year; which was, in part, read. The Board then adjourned to Friday evening next, 28th instant, at 7% o'clock. WASHINGTON, January 28, 1853. The Board of Regents met this evening at 8 o’clock in the Regents’ room. Present: Messrs. Bache, Charlton, Coleock, Mason, Meacham, and ‘Totten, of the Board, and Washington Irving, honorary member. In the absence of the Chancellor, and on motion of Mr. Rush, Mr. Mason took the chair. The Secretary announced to the Board that Professor A. D. Bache, of Washington, had been re-elected, by a joint resolution of the two houses of Congress, a Regent for six years; and also that the Hon. John Macpherson Berrien, of Georgia, had been elected a Regent for the same term. Mr. Bache being present, took his seat in the Board. The proceedings of the last meeting were read and approved. The Secretary made a statement relative to the expedition under the direction of Dr. E. K. Kane, U. 8. Navy, and his want of instruments for magnetic observations in the Arctic seas, referring at the same time to the expedition to Chili, of Lieut. Gilliss, U. S. Navy, to whom a timely and highly useful grant had been made by the Board, under similar circumstances, and which had been reimbursed to the Institution. S. Mis. 53. 93 Mr. Rush offered the following resolution, which was adopted : Resolved, That a sum not exceeding five hundred dollars be, and the same is hereby, appropriated for the purchase of philosophical instruments to be used in the new expedition in search of Sir John Franklin in the Arctic seas, and which are to be committed to the charge of Dr. E. K. Kane, of that expedition. The Secretary presented the application of the Rev. Mr. Dennison for the use of the lecture-room for holding religious service therein, which was referred to the Secretary. The Secretary presented the case of Stanley’s gallery of Indian portraits, for which, if they should be purchased by the government, the use of the gallery of art was considered necessary as a temporary place of deposit : also referred to the Secretary. The reading of the annual report was then continued, including the report of Prof. Baird, Assistant Secretary, relative to exchanges. Mr. Mason expressed a desire to resign his place as member of the Executive Committee, which he had accepted with a view to the re- appointment of Mr. Bache as Regent, and his subsequent re-election as a member of the Executive Committee. The resignation of Mr. Mason was accepted, and Mr. Bache re- elected. A letter was presented from Gilbert Cameron, requesting, on ac- count of his reputation, to be allowed to finish the centre building, and claiming this privilege as a right under his general contract: referred to the Building Committee. The Board then adjourned to Thursday evening, February 3, at 64 o’clock. Wasuineton, February 3, 1853. The Board of Regents met this evening at 8 o’clock. Present: Messrs. Bache, Charlton, Colcock, Mason, Maury, Meacham, and Totten, of the Board, and Washington Irving, honorary member. Mr. Mason took the chair. The proceedings of the previous meeting were read and approved. The Building Committee, to which was referred | the letter of Mr. Cameron relative to his right to the contract for finishing the centre building, reported progress, and presented a communication from Mr. Carlisle upon this subject, which was then referred back to the com- mittee. er The Secretary presented a plan of a building for a magnetic ob- servatory near the Institution; stating, also, that instruments of the best construction, now in the possession of the Superintendent of the U. S. Coast Survey, would be furnished. Mr. Colcock offered the following resolution, which was adopted : Resolved, That a magnetic observatory be erected, under the super- vision of the Building Committee, at such place on the grounds of the Institution as they may select, and according to a plan to be approved by them, and that the sum of eleven hundred dollars is hereby appro- priated therefor. 94 S. Mis. 53. A communication from Captain Lefroy, R. A., was presented and read, relative to the discontinuance of the magnetic observatory of Toronto, Canada West: referred to the Executive Committee and the Secretary, who were requested to memorialize the British government on the subject. The correspondence between the Secretary and Mrs. A. J. Downing, upon the transmission of the resolutions of the Board upon receiving information of the death of Mr. Downing, was read. The Secretary also informed the Board of the recent death of Sears C. Walker, esq., and of Prof. C. B. Adams, of Amherst College, Mas- sachusetts ; whereupon the following resolutions, offered by Mr. Bache, were adopted: Resolved, 'That the Regents of the Smithsonian Institution have heard with deep regret the announcement of the death of Sears C. Walker, esq., whose communications in the Smithsonian Transactions on the planet Neptune have attracted the notice and won the approval and admiration of astronomers throughout the world. Resolved, That the Regents offer to the family of Mr. Walker their condolence on the loss which they have sustained. Resolved, That the Regents of the Smithsonian Institution have heard with regret the decease of their valued correspondent, Prof. C. B. Adams, which occurred at St. Thomas, while he was engaged in making collections in natural history, to which science he was devoted ; and offer to his family their condolence on the loss which they have sustained. ’'The Board then adjourned, to meet on Saturday, the 12th imst., at 10 o'clock a. m. Wasuineton, February 12, 1853. The Board of Regents met this day at 10 o’clock a.m. Present : Messrs. Bache, Fitch, Maury, Meacham, and Pearce, of the Board, and Washington Irving, honorary member. On motion, Mr. Pearce took the chair. The proceedings of the previous meeting were read and approved. Mr. Bache, in behalf of the Executive Committee, presented a letter to be forwarded to the British Home and Colonial governments, to urge the continuance of the Toronto observatory. The Secretary presented to the consideration of the Board the ne- cessity of making provision for the investment of the surplus fund in the event of the petition now before Congress relative to it not being acted on. ‘The Chair stated it to be the opinion of Mr. Corcoran, who had been present, that the State stocks of North Carolina would be a suitable and safe means of investment: referred to the Executive Committee. The Secretary presented for the examination of the Board a manu- script memoir, by J. A. Lapham, relative to the mounds of Wisconsin, received from the American Antiquarian Society of Worcester, and mentioned in the sixth Annual Report. The Secretary presented the case of the late Prof. C. B. Adams, whose draft for one hundred and fifty dollars had been honored by the S. Mis. 53. 95 Institution. A letter from Thomas Bland, esq., on the part of the family of Prof. A., was read, offering to ehind the money or send to the Institution a portion of the collections in natural history made by Prof. Adams in his last expedition. The subject was referred to the Secretary, with the understanding that the collections be accepted, and that the repayment of the money be not required from the executors of Prof. Adams. The Secret ary pre eseuted the ae ct of the compensation of Dr..J. G. Fliigel, of Leipsic, the agent for Smithsonian exchanges in Central Europe. The following resolution, offered by Mr. Bache, was adopted: Resolved, 'T hat the compensation of Dr. J. G. Fliigel, agent at Leipsic for the reception and distribution of publications on the part of the Smithsonian Institution for Central America, be thrée hundred dollars per annum until otherwise ordered by the Board. The reading of the Secretary’s report was continued, including an account of the operations in meteorology SHOE the past year; “also including the operations relative to the library >, under the care of Prof. Jewett. An extensive collection of MS. bills, inventories, and other accounts of business in private English families, from 1632 to 1750, in fifty-four volumes, presented by Mr. J. O. Hall well was laid on the table for examination ; and, on motion, the following resolution was adopted: Resoleed, That the Secretary be requested to transmit to Mr. J. O. Halliwell, of London, an expression of the grateful sense entertained by the Board of Regents of the munificent eft received from him, and of the honor done ihe Institution by selecting it as a place of deposit for these interesting documents. ‘The operations of the stereotyping department were presented by the Secretary, and a statement made of its c: ipability of preparing and printing catalogues of all the libraries in the United States. On motion, the following preamble and resolution were adopted : Whereas a plan for stere otyping catalogues by separate titles, and for preparing and printing the catalogues of the various libraries in the United States in uniform style, and at greatly diminished cost, as well as for forming a general catalogue of all these libraries, was presented to the Smithsonian Institution and _ ref ferred to two commissions—one to report upon the literary advantages of f the plan, and the other upon the practicability of the means proj nosed for its execution: And whereas, on the recommendation of these commissions, the Smithsonian Institution has incurred the expense of procuring type and apparatus, of educating wor kmen, and of deve ‘loping and pertfect- ing processes to be employe ed, so that all arrangements are now made for the successful prosecution of the work : And whereas the first commission appointed to examine the plan, in their re port, rec ommended that, ‘In order that a beginning might be made in the execution of the plan under circumstances highly favorable to its success, the undersigned take the liberty of suggesting that it would be advisable for the Regents of the Smithsonian Tnstitu- tion to obtain the requisite authority to prepare a catalogue of the library of Congress on the above described plan :” Therefore, 96 S. Mis. 53. Resolved, That the Secretary of the Institution be requested to call the attention of the Library Committee of Congress to the above described plan, to inform them that the Institution is now ready 1o execute the proposed work, and to invite their co-operation in aid of an enterprise so important to the library of Congress, to all the libraries in the country, and to the great object of this Institution, ‘‘the increase and diffusion of knowledge.” Mr. Pearce, as chairman, presented from the Executive Committee their annual report in relation to the finances and expenditures of the Institution during the year 1852. The Board then adjourned, to meet at the call of the Secretary. ERRATUM. For the date of Professor Henry’s letter transmitting Report, read “March 1, 1853,” instead of “ August 20, 1852.” a ’ j i ) a a J F i ' ; ' ' ; j - - 7) = ' it - ' ¥ > : : i ' 7 . ' i ) “ e t ~ i i : ei ch ‘ 7 o oS re t 7 : ar Our i - “i é : ‘ = j Ey j 1 : S 7 vio i ; ry . et } . iat 4 > = . — i. 4 ! 4 i f i i i e . & : iq i i rf ; * es ) . ) * y > hati & i , - if *. a ie " : i. ie fa i s ' 7 \ Way ry! ‘| % a - | ne i i 17 ‘a it ar oe ne be AIA A lA iN a Nala as pA ‘ inal aaa an ix ADA Wp if ea fal AU ATA ay A utaNt/- AAV EM A IEMINVA TV) VAM, can ; oe re : I A A \ ans \ Br Ny aA aa MA A A 4 AN A Al a " a pA ES, EK LS ae. aC CS rake ae Oe Se OLS CG CE ECE EEC a ME EE BEC EEG CeCe — a < ee a a XS : 6 ae < ae rece ee '< et pr ae ce ws cece aka ae Ses Ca << aoe ci ot oes SEE. oS CEE KC SSS ae aC XK RS, ES ACC EC ST a. << BL, SS ee OE CE EE EEE... Si GE ES ECL. ae ae << Ce Ce EEC. ae SIRE < ER <=, Se a ES P< ecs nr eC < OS Cae ae