pent Hatta iee ss,
yi lirlenat
Pelt i |

me

rt

YY :

ae
ateitel 474 als
pia a

ae if

tia: ! a ie i : ta
igs i ty Hy it
H

pee

it a
a

ri Neste

3

Je deity
ia

ei mo ”
ne! i
ae i

oe ine pend

reat

3
ai

a

a iv iis
Poiet +

wets ate ae

Fal Padgayay? ita

a an {18 Poi Ns haird

Ny

Hen

iy “ni rane
" siesta fed |

; Hi it

7 nai iy
ah pan tine
ae

ie a i
es
Mel iN

ait i

jNebtitie fh
re it pia

at it ine ie
wy tt dele he
H) Sh yea eh
ihe ene ‘
4 et {9i9
‘ ae
site
ii 4 bs oF
+

man abe bie

He
a ce
Rn ne Hie

hi ee VF

mit

Hip
oh Pata 7 a
ae a

aie es
‘Sethu
" Manta ‘

394

Ib ahate'tey

=

HuSE

ite
au"

=~ =

3
<ss —~
sss eee
—

TS

= =

nt 7
i a
a Rae

<_<

=s>

= >

—

==

Ss SS ee
- — Sele

pe

Srerere

Ait iw Hn Rit
te bate and

i
)

oe

Spe et ee

-
Sg res 2 = ge ei

Wig Ht 8p

Ea

oes
pees

‘
Sie Fy kat

i)
Sr ypse
du)

He
try tj sid > ee
Usp. pe

=

S eo = r

‘Soe y = Sok 5 .
x we = its,
= 3

= © ae

a
Be Sos
4-5

:3

253s:

>

== ss

—
seneie-2
=
FES sie
SSS

222 7

=
aa

- ba
ay
7
. ,
.
* ,
4 ?
.
4 -
” :
a
i
AS
x }
f
i
¥, ma
>

| UGRARY
UUs con ZO0LOCY
MEBIDGE, WAS 4

on P 7 - +

: < ry ‘2 ’ 7 n i yo i r
ihe i

Le 4 oh 9

ALEXANDER AGASSIZ.

ANNUAL REPORT

THE CURATOR.

“OF THE

“MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.

AT HARVARD COLLEGE,

= PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE.

1896-97.

B OF ena U. S. RE
ee UNIVERSITY PRESS: JOHN WILSON AND SON.
1897.

ANNUAL REPORT

OF

THE CURATOR

OF THE

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY

AT HARVARD COLLEGE,

TO THE

PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE,

FOR

1896-97.

CAMBRIDGE, U.S. A.:
UNIVERSITY PRESS: JOHN WILSON AND SON.
1897.

FACULTY OF THE MUSEUM.

Faculty,
CHARLES W. ELIOT, President.
ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, Curator. GEORGE L. GOODALE.
, Secretary. HENEY “P3) WALCOTT:

Officers,

ALEXANDER AGASSIZ .. . . . Dzirector and Curator.

- ee we ew e ee) .) . ©6Sturgis-Hooper Professor of Geology.
NATHANIEL 8S. SHALER. .. . . Professor of Geology.
WILLIAM M. DAVIS... . .. .. Professor of Physical Geography

EDWARD L. MARK... . . . . Hersey Professor of Anatomy.
HENRY L. SMYTH... « «...)+) se Assistant Prosessonio7 Mining:

APPOINTED BY THE FACULTY OF THE MUSEUM. /
WALTER FAXON .\.-.. ..s & hn ~Aesrsianihane Charge,

SAMUEL GARMAN . .. .. . . Assistant in Herpetology and Ichthyology.
WILLIAM BREWSTER... . . . Assistant in Ornithology and Mammalogy.
ALPHEUS HYATT .... . . . Assistant in Paleontology.

SAMUEL HENSHAW .... . . Assistant in Entomology.

W. McM. WOODWORTH . . . . . Assistant in Charge of Vermes.
ALFRED G. MAYER... .. . . Assistant in Charge of Radiates.

C. R. EASTMAN. .... . . . . Assistant in Vertebrate Paleontology.
MISS’ F. °M. SLACK 13." ost Pala) eran

MAGNUS WESTERGREN.. . . Artist.

APPOINTED BY THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS.

R. 'T. JACKSON. 2 a a wee, Unsiructenm Paleontology.

C. B. DAVENPORT (205.0), up xe ee nschore mn eZenlony.

G. H. PARKER? 20.0.) oo 20 eon, aalisiheian ome Zon ogite

W.E. CASTLE... .. .. . . . Instructor in Anatomy and Embryology:
R. DeC. WARD 24. sn Sa eo Dsirneior ama immare ane

T. A. JAGGAR, JR.) 3S) Se laste Geogr:

R. J. FORSYTHE. 2.052029 Ensinnetorn on vetaiurg7.

J. B. WOODWORTH... oS oe. dnstractorim Geology:

F.C. WAITE ©. 6 1.5 3's 2. es “Assisinntan the Zoslogieal Laboratormes:
S. R. WILLIAMS .... .. . . . Assistant in the Zodlogical Laboratories.
R.W. HALL. . .. 2... . 2). Assesiant in the Zoological Laboratarzes.
G.C. CURTIS .... . . . . . Assistant in the Geographical Laboratory.
J; EH. WOODMAN: = 1205 oe aloe) Assistens mGeolony:
J. M. BOUTWELL. ... .. . . Assistant in Physical Geography.

C. H. WHITE. .... . . . . . Assistant in the Geological Laboratories.

REPORT.

To THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOowS oF HARVARD COLLEGE :—

Dorine the past year the usual courses of instruction have been
given at the Museum in the Natural History Laboratories. Those
in Zodlogy were given by Professor Mark, and Doctors Daven-
port, Parker, and W. McM. Woodworth, assisted in the Laboratory
work by Messrs. Henry R. Linville, John J. Hamaker, and J. H.
Hathaway.

Professors Shaler and Davis, together with Instructors Robert
Tracy Jackson, R. DeCourcey Ward, T. A. Jaggar, Jr., and J. B.
Woodworth, gave courses of instruction in Geology, Palzeontol-
ogy, Physical Geography, and Meteorology. The Assistants in
these departments were Messrs. Vernon F. Marsters, J. E. Wood-
man, and George C. Curtis.

The courses in Petrography and in Mining Geology, and allied
subjects, are now given in the Mineralogical Department. These
courses are in charge of Professor Wolff and Professor H. L.
Smyth.

For the details of these courses of instruction, as well as of the
summer courses in Geology, I would refer to the accompanying
special reports of the Professors and Instructors.

I would specially call attention to the report of Professor Davis
on the results of the teaching of Physical Geography during the
summer courses. Gt

The Newport Marine Laboratory has, as usual, been open to
advanced students in Zodlogy. Hleven students spent a part of
their time in the Laboratory collecting material for their special
investigations, which they will continue and prepare for publication
in Professor Mark’s Laboratory at the Museum. I regret that
hereafter it will be impracticable for me to open the Newport

* Laboratory to the students of the Zodlogical Department, as has
been done for the past twenty years. I have during that time

4 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

accumulated a large amount of material relating to the Marine
Fauna of Narragansett Bay, which should be prepared for publi-
cation. The available room of the Laboratory will be required by
the special Assistants who will aid me in this work, so that some
other arrangement must be made to provide the facilities formerly
furnished at Newport.

The Museum will now have at its command, for the use of its
Assistants or other persons, the two tables at the Laboratory of the
United States Fish Commission at Wood’s Hole, to which it is
entitled as one of the subscribers to the fund to establish the Com-
mission Laboratory at Wood’s Hole. One of the Museum Assist-
ants and one student were admitted this year by Commander Brice
to the Laboratory of the United States Fish Commission. The
income of the Virginia Barret Gibbs Scholarship was assigned
according to the terms of the gift.

Professor Faxon reports that he has completed the arrangement
of the collection of recent Mollusca, undertaken in 1893. The
collection of dried shells is now easily accessible, and in a state
of permanent safety. It is contained in over 1,700 large stan-
dard wooden trays, and the bottles of the alcoholic collection,
independently of the larger specimens contained in copper cans,
fill about 100 trays. This of course does not include the Faunal or
Systematic series of mounted specimens in the Exhibition Rooms.

Messrs. Henshaw, Garman, and Brewster report that the col-
lections in their care are in excellent condition. Mr. Henshaw
has devoted his time to the rearrangement of certain parts of our
entomological collection, and to assisting those persons who have
had occasion to consult the collection. He has also prepared for
exhibition a collection of Galls, which has been placed in the
Botanical Section of the Museum. In his report will be found
a list of the additions to the Entomological Department.

The Exhibition Rooms have remained much as they were at the
time of the last Report. A few specimens have here and there been
intercalated to supply deficiencies, and poor specimens have been
eliminated or better mounted.

Dr. Woodworth has been making some experiments with a view
to improving the exhibition of alcoholic specimens. It is hoped
to begin with the Synoptic and Atlantic Rooms, and substitute
more artistically mounted alcoholic specimens for those now on
exhibition.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 5

To Professor Hyatt and to Mr. William Brewster the Museum
is indebted for the care of their respective departments. Dr. R. T.
Jackson has made excellent progress in the selection of the Fossils
intended for the Paleozoic Exhibition Room.

Dr. Eastman has continued in charge of the Vertebrate Paleeon-
tological Collection, which is now in excellent order; he has
devoted his time principally to the study and increase of the
collection of Fossil Fishes, and has made several excursions to
interesting localities on behalf of our collection.

Dr. Mayer has spent the greater part of the last six months in |

collecting material for the new edition of the North American
Acalephs. More than thirty new species of Jellyfishes were col-
lected at the Tortugas. In the early spring he spent some time
at Newport and at Nahant to obtain those species which disappear
with the early summer. He also visited the coast of Maine to
collect the more northern forms. it will require at least two
years to collect the more common species along our Atlantic coast,
and an off-shore expedition from the Tortugas to Eastport will
be needed, in addition to extended visits at other points of the
Atlantic coast, before we can expect to bring together a fair rep-
resentation of the Acalephan Fauna of our Atlantic coast. Dr.
Mayer has also revised the labels of the alcoholic collection of
Deep-Sea Corals, many of which had become faded.

Dr. Woodworth, who has been engaged in the revision of our
collection of Worms, has undertaken to work up the Annelids of
the Atlantic coast of the United States. The Museum is in pos-
session of a large collection of colored drawings of species made
by Professor Agassiz and his assistants, extending from the coast
of Massachusetts to Florida. Of many of the species no specimens
are extant, and it is hoped that some use may now be made of
this valuable systematic material, which has been awaiting pub-
lication for somany years. During the past summer Dr. Wood-
worth has spent his time at the Newport Laboratory collecting
the species of Narragansett Bay.

Collections have been sent in exchange to Professor Orton and
to the Smithsonian Institution.

Specimens have been sent for examination to Mr. P. F. Kendall,
to Mr. Gamble, to Dr. Thiele, and to Dr. Montgomery, who has
prepared a report on the Gordiacea of the Museum Oollection, to-
gether with the results of his preliminary examination on other

6 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

collections of the group accessible to him. His report will appear
in one of the forthcoming Bulletins, and will be illustrated by
15 Plates.

Among the principal collections we have received I may men-
tion a collection of Devonian fish remains from Professor S. Calvin,
State Geologist of Iowa; a collection of Worms, kindly sent
from Sydney by Dr. Collingwood; and a valuable invoice of South
American Fishes and Reptiles, from Dr. Lataste. The large collec-
tion of Corals from the northern part of the Great Barrier Reef
made for me by Professor H. A. Ward has safely arrived at the
Museum. This fine collection was made under considerable diffi-
culties by Professor Ward, but to his perseverance and enthusiasm
we owe one of the best possible representations of the species of reef
builders of the northeast coast of Australia. In due time the collec-
tion will be placed on exhibition in the Systematic Room of Polyps.

We have also received a valuable collection of North Atlantic
Crustacea from Canon Norman.

The Museum is likewise indebted to Messrs. Dendy, Jameson,
and Hallez, for valuable additions to our collection of Turbellaria,
Planarians, and Nemerteans.

We have also received a valuable collection of Mammals and
Birds from Borneo and the Celebes, presented to the Museum by
Dr. W. H. Furness.

The additions to the Library by purchase, gift, and exchange
have kept up with those of the preceding year.

The Library now numbers, including the Whitney Library, over
31,000 volumes, and about 2,000 pamphlets which are not yet
arranged for binding.

For a complete list of the publications of the Museum during
the past year I refer to Appendix A. A list of the publications of
the Officers and Instructors of the Museum other than those con-
tained in our Memoirs and Bulletins will be found ae con ANS
the special Reports.

Excellent progress is making with several of the Reports on the
‘¢ Albatross’? Expedition of 1891 since the last Report. Mr.
Westergren has been engaged upon the Plates of Mr. Garman’s
Monograph of the Fishes.

Professor Liitken reports that he has completed the examina-
tion of the Ophiurans.

Professor H. B. Ward has also completed his Report on the
Sipunculids, and Dr. Hansen that on the Isopods.

+ |

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 7

The proofs of the Report on the Acalephs have been sent to Dr.
Maas, and it is hoped that his Memoir will be issued shortly.

Of the “ Blake” Reports, we have published the Memoir by Pro-
fessors Milne-Edwards and Bouvier on the Galatheide (Vol. XIX.
No. 12), and a Bulletin (Vol. XXX. No. 3), Supplementary Notes
on Crustacea, by Professor Faxon.

The Monograph on the American Crinoidea Camerata by Wachs-
muth and Springer, by far the most extensive publication we
have yet undertaken, has been issued by the Museum as Volumes
XX. and XXI. of the Memoirs, accompanied by an Atlas of 83 —
Plates. The Heliotype Printing Company of Boston deserves
great credit for the thorough manner in which it fulfilled its con-
tract for the delivery of the Plates, and we are greatly indebted
to Mr. Westergren for his endless care in the supervision of the
presswork of the Plates.

The Corporation has continued the allowance of $400 made in
previous years to aid in the publication of some of the Contributions
from the Zodlogical Laboratory.

Of the Bulletins we published two numbers of the Geological
Series relating to the Florida Reefs, by myself, Mr. L. 8S. Gris-
wold, and Dr. E. O. Hovey (Vol. XXVIII. Nos.2 and 3). Volume
XXX. of the Bulletin has also been issued, containing four num-
bers of Contributions from the Zoological Laboratory, in charge ot
Professor Mark, and one number by Dr. Woodworth and myself
on the Variations in the Genus Eucope.

Among the papers which are ready for the press I may mention
the report of my Visit to the Great Barrier Reef, and short papers
by Dr. Woodworth on the Planarians, and by Dr. Mayer and my-
self on some Acalephs of the Barrier Reef.

A short Memoir on the Genus Dactylometra, by Dr. Mayer and
myself, is also ready for the printer.

This publication will probably be delayed until my return from
the Fiji Islands, where I have planned to pass the greater part of
next winter in studying the coral reefs of that group. I shall be
accompanied by Dr. Woodworth and Dr. Mayer as assistants. The
steamer ‘“Yaralla” has been chartered in Sydney for the expe-
dition, and she is to meet us at Suva late in October. The outfit
for the expedition has been shipped to Sydney to be placed on
board the steamer we have chartered. In addition to the usual
apparatus, for photographic purposes, for sounding and dredging,

8 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

and for pelagic work, we take a diamond drill outfit, and hope to
find a suitable locality for boring on the rim of one of the atolls
of the Fijis. The boring machinery will be in charge of an expert
sent by the Sullivan Machine Company, from whom this machinery
was obtained. The Directors of the Bache Fund have made a
large grant towards the expenses of this boring experiment.

I am also indebted to Professor Brandt of Kiel for superintend-
ing for me the construction of a deep-sea self-closing townet, such
as was used in the “‘ National” Expedition. Dr. Richard, of Paris,
sent me a modified Giesbrecht net, such as is used by the Prince of
Monaco on the “‘ Princess Alice,” and Dr. A. Dohrn kindly deputed
Dr. Giesbrecht to send me one of the Giesbrecht nets from the
Naples Station. These, together with the old and new styles of
Tanner net, which we take with us, as well as a self-closing net
adopted by Mr. Townsend of the “ Albatross,” which he was kind
enough to have made for me, will give us the means of comparing
these different styles of deep-sea townets, and of testing their
comparative efficiency under similar circumstances.

Thanks to the kind offices of the State Department at Washing-
ton, we carry letters to the Governor of the Fijis from the Foreign
Office in London.

I have to thank specially Admiral Wharton, R. N., Hydrographer
of the Admiralty, for his assistance and counsel in regard to our
visit to the islands, and also Captain W. O. Moore, R. N., for his
kindness in placing at my disposal his experience and the infor-
mation he acquired while surveying the Fijis. I must also mention
the late Sir John B. Thurston, Governor General of the Fijis, who
from the first conception of the expedition took the deepest interest
in our success. We shall greatly miss his advice, and the knowl-
edge he had gathered during the long period of his administration
in that part of the South Sea Islands.

Mr. Theodore Lyman, one of the most efficient and devoted
friends of the Museum, died at Nahant on the 9th of September,
1897. Withdrawn since 1885, by reason of failing health, from
any active share in the affairs of the Museum, he nevertheless was
and must ever remain identified with its history. The regret for
his absence, always deeply felt by his colleagues, made a blank in
their ranks which his death only accentuates. Not only did they
value him for his personal acquirements, and for his sympathy
with the general interests of the Museum, but also for his genial

:
|
:

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 9

character, which brought with it a cordial, cheering influence
appreciated by all his co-workers.

From his youth he was a favorite pupil of Professor Agassiz,
and that relation, notwithstanding their difference of age, ripened
into friendship with advancing years. He entered with zeal into
all the plans of Professor Agassiz for the establisment of a Museum
at Cambridge, and the creation of a school of Natural History at
Harvard University. He was one of the original trustees of the
Museum, and served as its Treasurer in addition to his work as .
Assistant in Zoology.

After the Charter of the Museum was transferred to the Cor-
poration of Harvard University, he became a member of the
Museum Faculty, and acted as its Secretary. In all these official
positions his devotion to the founder of the Museum, his business
capacity, his common sense and sound judgment, were of great
value in raising the institution to its present position.

After the death of Professor Agassiz, Mr. Lyman continued his
services to the Museum, until he became incapacitated for work
by the disease which finally ended his life. His letter of resigna-
tion shows what it cost him to give up his: scientific pursuits, and
sever his connection with the institution to which he was so
deeply attached. It signified also his full recognition of the ordeal
he was called upon to face, and which he bore through years of
suffering with invincible fortitude.

Mr. Lyman’s scientific work was devoted to fisheries and to the
study of Brittle Starfishes. As Fish Commissioner of Massachu-
setts he gave the State valuable service, and published a number
of annual reports from 1866 to 1881.

His zodlogical work began with short papers on ornithological
subjects ; he subsequently became interested in corals, and finally
devoted himself specially to Ophiurans. The first Illustrated
Catalogue of the Museum was from his pen, and this important
monograph on Ophiurans was followed by numerous papers on
the same subject, treating of new species of the group. He wrote
the Report on the Ophiurans of the “‘ Hassler” Expedition, of the
‘¢ Challenger,” and of the “ Blake” Reports, which include by far
the larger number of species of Ophiurans dredged by those deep-
sea exploring expeditions.

ALEXANDER AGASSIZ.
CAMBRIDGE, October 1, 1897.

10 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE COURSES OF INSTRUCTION IN
GEOLOGY.

By Proressor SHALER.

Durine the Academic year 1896-97, the following named courses
of instruction were given in the laboratories and in the field by the
instructors of the Department of Geology and Geography. It will
be noted that certain courses formerly enumerated in this list no
longer appear, having been incorporated in the new Department of
Mineralogy and Petrography.

Instruction in General Geology.

(Geol. 4.) A half-course in Elementary Geology: two lectures a
week by N. S. Shaler, with required reading in Dana’s Manual of
Geology. Assisted by J. E. Woodman. Other instructors in the Depart-
ment gave lectures on particular phases of geology. ‘The course was
attended by three hundred and twenty students.

(Geol. 5.) <A half-course in Elementary Field and Laboratory Work,
requiring two-hour exercises twice a week during the laboratory season,
and one half-day a week in the field during the spring months. This
course was given by Mr. J. B. Woodworth, assisted by J. E. Woodman.
It was attended by seventy-seven students.

(Geol. 8.) A course in General Critical Geology, two lectures a
week, by J. B. Woodworth, assisted by J. E. Woodman. Field work in
the spring and autumn; required reading and library work in the winter ;
attended by eighteen students.

(Geol. 22a.) A course in Geological Field and Laboratory Work,
designed to afford special training in methods of investigation, conducted
by T. A. Jaggar, Jr., under the supervision of the instructors of the
Department. Attended by six students.

(Geol. 226.) A course in geological investigation, intended to lead to
results worthy of publication ; under the direction of the instructors of the
Department. Attended by one student.

(Geol. 16.) <A half-course in Glacial Geology, by J. B. Woodworth.
Two hours a week with field work. Attended by seven students.

al a w\

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 1a)

(Geol. 17.) A course in Experimental and Dynamical Geology,
by T. A. Jaggar, Jr. Two lectures a week with laboratory work.
Attended by two students.

Instruction in Physical Geography and Meteorology.

(Geol. 2.) A half-course in Physiography, by W. M. Davis, assisted
by V. F. Marsters. Two or three lectures a week, with laboratory work
and recitations, first half-year. Attended by fifty-three students.

(Geol. 1.) A half-course in Elementary Meteorology, by R. DeC.
Ward. Two or three lectures a week, with laboratory work and recita-
tions, second half-year. Attended by ninety-nine students.

(Geol. 3.) A half-course in Physiography and Meteorology, by
W. M. Davis and R. DeC. Ward. Two lectures a week. Attended by
thirteen students.

(Geol. 6.) A half-course in the Physiography of the United States,
by W. M. Davis. Lectures, library work, and reports, second half-year.
Attended by seventeen students.

(Geol. 19.) A half-course in Climatology, by R. DeC. Ward. Three
lectures a week, first half-year. Attended by twelve students.

(Geol. 20.) A course in advanced Physiography, by W. M. Davis.
Conferences held once a week. Attended by five students.

Instruction in Paleontology.

(Geol. 14.) A half-course in Paleontology, by N. S. Shaler, assisted
by R. T. Jackson. Two lectures a week, with theses. ‘This course was
attended by seventeen students.

(Geol. 18.) A course in Invertebrate Paleontology, by R. T. Jack-
son. ‘Two lectures a week, with laboratory work. Attended by two
students. This course will be discontinued; its place to be filled by a
similar proposed course in the Zoological Department.

(Geol. 15.) A course in Historical Geology, designed to train ad-
vanced students in the use of fossils in determining geological horizons,
by N. S. Shaler and R. T. Jackson. This course was taken by three
students.

Instruction in the Summer Schools.

(Geol. S. 1.) An elementary course in General Geology, given in
Cambridge, by Professor Shaler and Dr. G. E. Ladd. This course
was attended by nineteen students.

(Geol. S. 2.) A course in Geological Field Work, by N.S. Shaler and
J. B. Woodworth. After a week spent in Cambridge, the class went into

2 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

the field in Southern New England, under the guidance of Mr. Woodworth.
Attended by three students.

19. (Geog. 1.) A course in Elementary Physiography, beginning July
3, and lasting six weeks, by W. M. Davis, assisted by W. H. Snyder and
M. H. Wright. Lectures, laboratory work, and excursions. Attended by
seventy-eight students.

20. (Geog. 2.) A course in the Physiography of the United States,
beginning July 3, and lasting six weeks, by W. M. Davis, assisted by
J. M. Boutwell. Lectures, reports, and theses. Attended by eleven
students.

The instruction in Elementary Geology was given in two half-
courses, one a lecture course by Professor Shaler, with occasional
lectures by other members of the department. Mr. J. KE. Wood-
man acted as Assistant during the year. The remainder of the
instruction in elementary geology was given in the form of a
laboratory and field course by Mr. J. B. Woodworth, assisted by
Mr. Woodman.

An advanced course in General Geology was given by Mr. Wood-
worth as in former years. The same instructor repeated his half-
course in glacial geology, having particular relation to the glacial
deposits in the eastern half of the United States. Field work was
maintained in both of these courses. Mr. Woodworth reports a
number of specimens added to the teaching collection for geological
students and the placing of a show case in the Laboratory for the
reception of materials which have been described in publications
by the officers of the Department. It is hoped thus to preserve
the specimens which have been made the basis of important
conclusions. |

During the year, Professor Shaler and Mr. Woodworth continued
the examination of the Richmond coal field in Virginia, the costs
of the investigation being defrayed by the United States Govern-
ment. Professor Shaler has completed a report on the Geology
of Cape Cod for the United States Geological Survey.

During July and August Mr. Woodman visited Central Nova
Scotia, making investigations relating to the suitability of the
region for advanced geological teaching, and to the structure of the
rocks, the origin of the gold-bearing veins and their contents, and
the general mining policy of the Province.

In the Summer Schools of the University, two courses in Geol-
ogy were given under the direction of Professor Shaler. The first

P
aa
a

;

: teed z = —<— _ oe ta te TPS acs e
2 ngs eee i Aare dlp _ Se iF pa ‘ - ee PS Se we <
—— a : _ a : ™ , ae a ee ees ad

SSS sn et be a

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 13

of these was an elementary course given in Cambridge, the imme-
diate supervision of which in the laboratory and in the field was
placed in the hands of Dr. G. E. Ladd, of the Geological Survey of
Georgia, formerly an instructor in this Department. The second
school was given for five weeks in the field, the time being devoted
to an examination of the general geology of Southern New England.
A detailed itinerary of the route taken has been published in the
announcements of the Summer Schools for the year 1897. On |
these journeys materials were collected for the teaching collection
of the Laboratory.

Specimens of fulgurite from the sand beach of Lighthouse Point,
Marquette, Mich., were presented by Mr. H. W. Kidder.

Dr. R. T. Jackson reports that the collections used in teaching
Paleontology are in good condition. Considerable additions have
been made to the series of enlarged photographic diagrams, of
which there are now eighty-five. Some excellent specimens of
Cambrian Trilobites from British Columbia were received from
Mr. F. N. Balch, of the Graduate School. A fine crinoid stem
from the Chemung of Pennsylvania was received from Mr, C. O.
Macfarlane, Superintendent, Long Valley Coal Co., Towanda, Pa.
A number of desirable specimens were received from Mr. J. B.
Woodworth, for all of which the Department records its thanks.

A good representation of the plants of the Dakota Group of
Kansas was purchased of Mr. C. H. Sternberg, of Lawrence,
Kansas. A number of fossils selected to fill gaps in the collection
were purchased of Prof. H. A. Ward, of Rochester.

The collection of Invertebrate Fossils is now a very good one,
embracing representative genera of all the groups which are pre-
served in the geological record. It includes many microscopic
slides and other preparations to elucidate structural detail. The
collection which illustrates Historical Geology is also satisfactory.
While there is need of additional material in many groups, there
is a considerable representation of fossils from every important
geological horizon from the Lower Cambrian to the Quaternary.

Dr. Jackson spent considerable time in working on the Paleon-
tological Collections of the Museum.

Mr. T. A. Jaggar, Jr. reports as follows concerning the advanced
courses in geological field and laboratory work.

14 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

In Geology 22a, Messrs. Buckman and Kendall worked together
on the stratigraphic relations of the sedimentary rocks about
Hoppin Hill, near North Attleborough, Mass.

In Geology 17, Mr. V. F. Marsters, in collaboration with Mr.
Jaggar, completed a preliminary series of experiments on the influ-
ence of rate of compression and initial fracture in deformation of
strata. This half-course in experimental geology was given for the
first time: a series of lectures extending throughout the first half-
year reviewed the work of former experimenters, and systematic
laboratory work covered experiments in deformation, delta deposi-
tion and sedimentation, ice motion, vortical motion of fluids and
its geological work (ripple-mark, etc.), rock and mineral synthesis
(including Moissan’s experiment with the electric furnace). During
the second half-year Mr. Marsters made a series of tests with
various crucibles to determine the most effectual and inexpensive
method of using the blast furnace for rock synthesis, and completed
several syntheses of basalt.

The Gardner Collection of Photographs has been in the hands
of a committee composed of Messrs. J. B. Woodworth, Ward, and
Woodman.

A. case has been provided for the reception of lantern slides, with
a capacity of 8,500 slides. About one hundred slides have been
added during the year, mainly reproduced from photographs already
in the collection.

341 catalogued photographs have been added to the collection
since the last Report, bringing the number up to 3,594. A few faded
photographs have been condemned and thrown aside. The most
notable additions during the year have been a number of views of
the High Sierras taken by Mr. J. S. Solomons, of San Francisco ;
a set of Norwegian views selected by Dr. Hans Reusch, Director
of the Geological Survey of Norway; a set of coastal views from
Maine and Massachusetts, donated by Mr. John L. Gardner, Jr. ;
and a set acquired by purchase from the Iowa Geological Survey.
Gifts were received from Mr. G. W. Griffith of a panorama of the
Muir Glacier in Alaska, and from Mr. J. C. Clark of English views ;
also from Mr. J. H. Ropes, and from Mr. C. I. Wright.

abit tis ise ke

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. bb

REPORT ON COURSES IN PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY.

By Proressor W. M. Davis.

Durine the past year, the courses in Hlementary and Advanced
Physiography given by Professor Davis, and the course in Hlemen-
tary Meteorology given by Mr. Ward, have been conducted on the
plan described in recent reports. The course on Climatology by
Mr. Ward in the first half-year was presented for the first time,
and the course on the Physiography of the United States by Pro-
fessor Davis in the second half-year was given for the second
time after an interval of a year, in which a similar course was
given on Europe. It is believed that the: course on Climatology
will prove to be a valuable addition to the preparation of those
who later take up the study of medicine, as at present this impor-
tant subject seldom finds adequate treatment in medical schools.
The acceptance with which a series of four lectures on Climatology
by Mr. Ward were received by an audience of physicians in Boston
in the spring of 1897 gives further ground for this belief. The
course on the United States was strengthened by a much more
extended exhibition of reports and essays, bearing on the various
divisions of the country than when it was given before: in this
connection, Darton’s Bibliography of American Geology (Bulletin
127, U. S. Geol. Survey) proved very serviceable.

Apart from the duties connected with courses of instruction, Mr.
Ward undertook to inquire, by means of a circular letter addressed
to medical schools, into the amount of attention given to Clima-
tology in their regular course of study, with the result intimated
above. In the latter part of the year, Mr. Ward gave much care
to preparations for his voyage around South America, including
visits to various ports, and a sojourn at the Harvard Observatory
at Arequipa, Peru. He left New York on this voyage early in
June, 1897, and will return to Cambridge in January, 1898.
During the past year, Mr. Ward has prepared an Outline of

16 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

Requirements in Meteorology for the Committee on Admission
Requirements, and has edited a series of ‘“‘ Current Notes on
Meteorology ” in Science. The chief additions to his laboratory
collections are a series of Mercator wall maps of isotherms and
isobars, enlarged from the maps in Buchan’s Challenger Report
for lecture use.

Ten years ago, a series of geographical models designed by
Professor Davis was constructed with the aid of Mr. J. H. Emer-
ton of Boston for use in one of the Lowell free lecture courses in
the Teachers’ School of Science of the Boston Society of Natural
History. Several sets of these models, reproduced in paper by
Mr. Emerton, were sold to colleges and schools. One set has been
in constant use in the Geographical Laboratory of the Museum,
and has been of great service; but it has been increasingly de-
sirable in recent years to make a new series of models of greater
accuracy, and on an improved plan. Hitherto, this has been
impossible on account of the expense involved in securing the
services of a competent modeller; but in the autumn of 1896, a
fund of several hundred dollars was subscribed for this object by
a number of ladies and gentlemen of Boston interested in educa-
tional problems, and a long cherished plan was put into execution.
Among the subscribers to this fund, Miss Marian C. Jackson must
be mentioned, as without her support the undertaking could not
have reached its present measure of success. The services of Mr.
George C. Curtis, recently a student of geology and geography in
the Lawrence Scientific School, were secured in October, 1896, and
in June, 1897, ten sets of three models each — or thirty models in
all—had been constructed after original designs by Professor
Davis: one model representing a deeply dissected mountainous
region, descending to the sea; the second, including a coastal
plain revealed on the border of the mountains in consequence oi
a regional elevation; the third exhibiting an irregular coast of
promontories and bays, produced by a general depression of the
first. An account of the models has been published in the Pro-
ceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, and all the sets
thus far constructed have been engaged by various Normal and
other schools, although not at this date actually sold. It is hoped
that it will be possible to continue this work during the coming
year, with the double object of supplying schools with better
materials for teaching geography, and inducing some enterprising

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. aL7/

publisher to undertake the duplication of such models in larger
numbers and at low price. Eventually, it is desired to establish
a Museum of Systematic Geography, in which an extended series
of typical land forms shall be exhibited.

During the past year, Professor Davis has completed his long
delayed Report on the Triassic Formation of Connecticut for the
United States Geological Survey, and has made good advance in
the preparation of a text book of Elementary Physiography. In
connection with his service on the Committee on Admission
Requirements, he has drawn up an Outline of Requirements in
Physiography for the use of secondary schools. In order to extend
the introduction of topographical maps in elementary teaching, he
has written pamphlets on the use of the State Map in grammar
schools, which have been published by the educational author-
ities in New York and Massachusetts, thus following the ex-
ample set by Connecticut and Rhode Island a year ago. He has
continued the editing of ‘“ Current Notes on Physiography”’ in
Science, and with Mr. Ward has joined the board of associate
editors of the Journal of School Geography, conducted by Pro-
fessor R. E. Dodge, of the Teachers’ College, New York City. In
company with students, or alone, he has visited the Triassic re-
gion of Connecticut, the cuspate forelands of Narragansett Bay
and Nantucket, and the peculiar coastal plain of Southern Maine.
Late in June, he addressed the University Convocation at Albany,
N. Y., on the Present Trend of Geography, and early in July he
conducted a conference on Geography in the summer school con-
nected with the University of Pennsylvania.

In the vacation, two courses on Geography were given by Pro-
fessor Davis in the Harvard Summer School: a first course, on
Elementary Physiography, in which he was assisted by Messrs.
W. H. Snyder, Master in Science, Worcester Academy, and M. W.
Wright, of the College class of 97; and a second course on the
Physiography of the United States, in which he was assisted by
Mr. J. M. Boutwell, ’97. As in 1896, the time and effort given to
summer teaching are fully repaid by the interest thus aroused
among teachers in secondary schools. It is not too much to say
that a greater effect is now produced on educational methods in
geography through six weeks’ work with actual teachers in the
summer school than through the whole college year with under-
graduates and graduates.

3

18 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

EXCURSIONS AND CONFERENCES.

The following excursions were offered in 1896-97, — several of
them in co-operation with geologists from other New England
colleges : —

Nahant, Mass. ; Professor Shaler.

New Haven, Conn.; Professor Davis.

Hoosac Mountain, Mass.; Professor Wolff.

Coastal Plain of Southern Maine; Professor Davis.

Barrington Sandplain, R. I.; Mr. J. B. Woodworth.

Ipswich Dunes, Mass. ; Mr. J. H. Sears, of Salem.

Meriden, Conn. ; Professor Davis.

Franklin Furnace, N. J.; Professor Wolff.

Northampton, Mass.; Professor B. K. Emerson, of Amherst College.
The Narragansett Basin, R. I.; Mr. J. B. Woodworth.

The following subjects were discussed at the Geological Con-
ference : —

The Eruptive Rocks of Sussex County, N. J.; Professor Wolff.

The excursion to the Coastal Plain of Southwestern Maine; Professor
Davis.

The excursion to Hoosac Mountain (illustrated by stereopticon) ; Pro-
fessor Wolff.

Some features of the Cornwallis Valley, N. S.; Mr. V. F. Marsters.

Exhibition of a new Goniometer ; Dr. Charles Palache.

Note on the Hurricane of October 10-14; Mr. R. DeC. Ward.

An Instrument for inclining a Preparation in the Microscope; Mr. T. A.
Jaggar.

The Geology of Nahant; Professor Shaler.

The Tourmalines of Mt. Mica, Maine; Dr. Charles Palache.

A remarkable Joint Specimen from Somerville, Mass.; Mr. J. B.
Woodworth.

Material illustrating the Appendages of Trilobites; Dr. R. T. Jackson.

Magnetic Observations in Geological Mapping; Professor Smyth.

The Structure and Formation of Agates (illustrated by projection
apparatus); Dr. W. S. Bigelow.

Geological History of the Cape Cod District; Professor Shaler.

The Deflective Force of the Earth’s Rotation; Professor Davis.

Some Phenomena of Steel; Mr. R. J: Forsythe.

The Elzolite Syenite of the Serra Monchique in Portugal; Dr. F. L.

Ransome.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 19

The Influence of Initial Fracture and Rate of Compression in Mountain-
building (illustrated by models); Mr. T. A. Jaggar.

The Elevated Reef of Florida; Mr. J. E. Woodman.

The Grain of Rocks; Dr. A. C. Lane.

A Proposed Classification in Anthropo-climatology ; Mr. R. DeC. Ward.

The Wamsutta Group in the Narragansett Basin ; Messrs. H. F. Ken-
dall and G. Buckman.

The Dikes of the Richmond Basin; Mr. J. B. Woodworth.

The Anticlinal and Synclinal Ridges of Pennsylvania; Mr. A. P.
Chittenden.

The Gold District of Clay County, Ala.; Professor Shaler.

Notes on the Origin of Petroleum; Mr. G. B. Richardson.

A Geographical Model; Mr. G. C. Curtis.

The Critical Temperatures of Steel; Mr. R. J. Forsythe.

Sandplain Growth in relation to Water Level; Mr. T. A. Jaggar.

The Turkey Branch Section of the Newark Rocks in the Richmond
Basin; Mr. J. B. Woodworth.

Post-glacial History of the Connecticut River at Turner’s Falls; Mr.
M. S. W. Jefferson.

The Geological Aspects of the Narrative of Nansen’s last Voyage;
Professor Shaler.

Model of a Fjorded Coast ; Mr. G. C. Curtis.

Glacial Phenomena, Past and Present, in Greenland, Baffin Land, and
Labrador; Professor G. H. Barton.

Dr. Archibald Bruce, Pioneer in American Mineralogy; Professor
Wolff. eek

Natural Coke from the Richmond Basin; Mr. G. B. Richardson.

Recent Studies on the Glacial Great Lakes; Professor Davis.

Greenland, the Arctic Island Continent (illustrated by stereopticon) ;
Civil Engineer R. E. Peary, U. S. Navy.

A Proposed Scientific Trip to South America; Mr. R. DeC. Ward.

The Crystallization of Calcite; Dr. Charles Palache.

The Inclusion-bearing Basalts of the Boston Basin; Mr. T. A.‘ Jaggar.

The Lewis and Clarke Expedition ; Professor Wolff.

20 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON COURSES IN MINING GEOLOGY.

By Assistant Proressor H. L. Smyru.

DurineG the past year the course in Mining Geology (Geology 10)
was given in the Mineralogical Section of the University Museum,
continuing the arrangement of the preceding two years. It is ex-
pected that this course will eventually find permanent quarters
in the Cary Building.

The lamented death of Professor Whitney in the summer of
1896 made necessary a rearrangement of the courses in Economic
Geology. Geology 18 became a half-course in the first half-year,
instead of a full course, and was devoted to the consideration of
the non-metalliferous minerals. Professor Shaler undertook the
greater part of the work of this course, Mr. Smyth dealing only
with sulphur and the salts. Itis proposed to continue this arrange-
ment for the coming year. Professor Whitney’s course in the
Metals and Metalliferous Ores is represented by the parallel course
Geology 10.

The collections in Economic Geology have received important
accessions during the year from Butte, Cripple Creek, Mercur,
Leadville, etc. Mr. Henning Jennings of Johannisberg has con-
tributed an interesting and valuable collection of ores from the
Witwaters Rand district in South Africa.

During the year much time was spent in preparing for publica-
tion the results of geological field work done in the Upper Penin-
sula of Michigan in 1891 and 1892. While the work itself was
a private enterprise, an arrangement has been made whereby the
results are to be published under the auspices of the Lake Superior
Division of the United States Geological Survey. One instal-
ment of the final paper is mentioned in the list of publications

which follows.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 21

PUBLICATIONS BY OFFICERS AND STUDENTS OF THE
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY
SINCE THE LAST REPORT.

By N. S. Shaler : —

1. The Glacial Brick Clays of Rhode Island and Southeastern Massa-
chusetts. (With J. B. Woodworth and C. F. Marbut.) 17th Annual
Report of the Director, U. S. Geological Survey, Part I., 1896, pp.
957-974, 999-1004.

2. Abstract of Administrative Report, for year 1895-96. 17th Annual
Report of the Director, U. S. Geological Survey, Part I., 1896, p. 18.

3. Fourth Annual Report Massachusetts Highway Commission. (With
Thos. C. Mendenhall and W. E. McClintock.)

4. Nansen’s Heroic Journey. Atlantic Monthly, May, 1897, Vol.
LXXIX. pp. 610-617.

By W. M. Davis: —

1. The State Map of New York as an Aid to the Study of Geography.
University State of New York, Examination Bulletin No. 11, Nov.,
1896, pp. 503-526.

2. The State Map of Massachusetts as an Aid to the Study of Geog-
raphy in Grammar and High Schools. Boston, 1897.

3. The Harvard Geographical Models, with a Note on the Construction
of the Models by G. C. Curtis. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Voll.
XXVIII, 1897, pp. 85-110.

4, The Present Trend of Geography. Bull. University of the State of
New York, 1897.

5. Current Notes on Physiography. Science (through the year).

6. Outline of Requirements in Physiography, 1897. Harvard University.

7. Outline of Requirements in Meteorology (with R. DeC. Ward),
1897. Harvard University, pp. 16.

8. Home Geography. Jour. School Geography, I., 1897, pp. 2-7.
Translated in Zeitschr. f. Schulgeogr., X VIII., 1897, pp. 225-229.

9. The Use of Periodicals. Ibid., I., 1897, pp. 81-85.

10. The Temperate Zones. Ibid., I., 1897, pp. 139-143.

11. Topographic Maps of the United States. Ibid., I., 1807, pp. 200-204.

12. Notices of Geographical Publications relating to the United States
(with J. M. Boutwell). Annales de Géogr., Bibliogr. de Géogr., Paris, 1897.

De ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

By H. L. Smyth : —

Magnetic Observations in Geological Mapping. Trans. Amer. Inst.
M. E., XXVI., 1897.

By R. DeC. Ward: —

1. Outline of Requirements in Meteorology. (With W. M. Davis.)
1897, Harvard University, pp. 16.

2. Meteorological Observations in Schools. Jour. School Geography,
Feb., 1897.

3. Current Notes on Meteorology. Science (through the year).

By J. B. Woodworth : —

1. The Retreat of the Ice-sheet in the Narragansett Bay Region. The
Amer. Geol., Vol. XVIII., 1896, pp. 150-168, Map, Pl. VI.

2. The Ice-sheet in Glacial Narragansett Bay. Ibid., pp. 391, 392.

3. Charles Thomas Jackson. Ibid., Vol. XX., 1897, pp. 69-110. Por-
trait, Pl. IV, Bibliography, pp. 87-110.

4. On the Fracture System of Joints, with Remarks on certain great
Fractures. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. XX VII., 1896, pp. 169-183.
5 plates.

5. The Queen’s River Moraine in Rhode Island. The Journ. Geol.
(Chicago), Vol. IV., 1896, pp. 691-703. 7 figs. (With C. F. Marbut.)

6. Gibbers. Science, N. S., Vol. V., 1897, pp. 476, 477.

7. Unconformities of Martha’s Vineyard and Block Island. Bull. Geol.
Soc. Am., Vol. VIII., 1897, pp. 197-212. 1 map and 4 figs.

Abstract in the Journ. Geol. (Chicago), Vol. V., 1897, pp. 96,97. Also
Science, Vol. V., 1897, pp. 86, 87.

8. The (acial Brick-clays of Rhode Island and Bontkedaeet Massa-
chusetts, by N. S. Shaler, J. B. Woodworth, and C. F. Marbut. Chap. II.
Geology and Geography of the Clays. 17th Annual Report of the
Director of the U. S. Geol. Survey, Pt. L., 1896, pp. 975-988. 1 map and
figures.

9. The Clays about Boston (with C. F. Marbut). Ibid., Chap. IIT.
pp. 989-998.

10. [Itinerary of a course of field work in Southeastern New England. |
The Summer School. Harvard University, 1897. Pamphlet, pp. 38—44.
Bibliography, pp. 40-44.

11. Homology of Joints and artificial Fractures. Abstract in the Journ.
Geol. (Chicago), Vol. V., 1897, pp. 97, 98. Also in Science, Vol. V., 1897,
p. 84.

12. Review of Rocks, Rock-weathering, and Soils, by George Pp. Merrill.
Science, Vol. V., 1897, pp. 995-997.

bo
jew)

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.

By T. A. Jaggar : —

1. A Simple Instrument for inclining a Preparation in the Microscope.
Am. Journ. of Sci., Vol. ILI. p. 129.

2. Kin Mikrosklerometer zur Hiartebestimmung. Groth’s Zeitschrift
fiir Krystallographie, Munich. (In press.)

3. Edited Proceedings of Geological Conference of Harvard University,
in Science, Vol. [V. No. 101.

By R. A. Daly (omitted from previous Report) : —

The Quartz-porphyry and associated Rocks of Pequawket Mountain,
No Be Science Volz UU. 15965 p. 72.

By J. E. Woodman : —

[Review of the Elevated Reef of Florida. By Alexander Agassiz.
With Notes on the Geology of Southern Florida. By Leon S. Griswold.]
The Jour. of Geol., Vol. V., 1897, pp. 312, 318.

By A. P. Chittenden : — ; ;

Mountain Structure of Pennsylvania. Bull. Amer. Geogr. Soc.,
Vol. X XIX, No. 2, 1897, pp. 175-180.

24 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE INSTRUCTION IN ZOOLOGY.
By Proressor BF. L. Marr.

ACCORDING to the proposal announced in my last Report, the
courses in Zoology, till then designated as Zodlogy 6 and Zovlogy
71, were so expanded as to constitute the equivalent of three full
courses, one course and a half being given in alternate years. The
courses for the Academic year 1896-97 are designated as Courses
11 and 16!; those for the coming year will be 10 and 15!. Other-
wise there was no considerable change in the work of the
Department.

The number of students from the various schools and classes in
each of the courses in Zoélogy for the past year is given, as usual,
in the accompanying table.

Courses, 1896-97. Grad. | Sen. Jun. | Soph. | Fresh.
Zoology 1 12 20 28 26
2 3 5 6 9 2
7 5) 5 8 10 2
a 4 2 4 2
me 5 2 4 2
: 11 6 2
: 16 7 8 2 1
oa 20a 10
Totals 35 43 42 40 28

Two large rooms on the second floor of the Museum, vacated by
Dr. Wolff at the beginning of the Academic year, were assigned by
the Curator to the Department of Zodlogy. One of these, the east
room (No. 5), was converted into a lecture room and a laboratory
for students engaged in research, being fitted up with tables and
the necessary appliances. This furnished accommodations for the
overflow from room No. 4, which had been temporarily provided for
in the previous year by the liberality of the late Professor Whit-
ney, who had surrendered for the year 1895-96 his lecture room
on the first floor to the Department of Zoology for this purpose.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 25

The other room, the west one (No. 6), was assigned as a private
laboratory to Doctors Davenport, Parker, Woodworth, and Mayer.
ZLodlogy 1 was conducted by Dr. Davenport, substantially as last
year. The Chief Assistant was Mr. H. R. Linville, the same as in
the preceding year. Messrs. F. C. Lucas, W. J. Moenkhaus, 8. R.
Williams, and A. S. Hanna were Sub-Assistants.

In Zoology 2 the Department was also fortunate enough to have
the services as Chief Assistant of the same person who had been
Chief Assistant in the preceding year, Mr, J. I. Hamaker. The
Sub-Assistant was Mr. R. W. Hall. The course was conducted
by Dr. Parker without essential change from the plan of previous
years.

A considerable increase in the number of students taking Zool-
ogy 8 caused the laboratory facilities to be taxed to their utmost.
Any further increase in numbers would have to be met by increas-
ing the number of days on which laboratory work might be done,
and probably also by restricting the special topic work to those best
qualified to profit by it. The course was conducted by Dr. Parker,
who had as Assistants Messrs. J. H. Hathaway and R. W. Hall.
The paper by Mr. Waite prepared in this course last year is now
in press.

The lectures in Zoology 4 and 5 were given in the new room on
the second floor; the laboratory work was done as usual in room
No. 2 on the fourth floor. Dr. Woodworth conducted the laboratory
work in both these courses, and gave a portion of the lectures in
Course 4. The ground covered in the lectures and the material
used in the laboratory work were substantially the same as in
previous years. The courses were given as in previous years by
Drs. Mark and Woodworth.

In Zodlogy 11, by Dr. Davenport, there were lectures through-
out the year on phylogenetic problems. A separate topic was
assigned to each of the ten students for special study. The results
of some of these studies, though not yet in final shape, will be
ready for publication before long. The laboratory work was mostly
done in Room 5, Floor 2, the room assigned to students in Zodl-
ogy 20a. This arrangement, so far as concerns the supervision
of the work in this course, was an improvement on that of the
previous year; but it is always undesirable to have the same table
used for two kinds of work under the supervision of different

instructors. But besides this, there is urgent need of rooms prop-
t

26 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

erly equipped for chemical, electrical, thermic, and photic work,
which cannot be attempted under present conditions with any
likelihood of success. Since my last Report the following ‘ Con-
tributions ”’ embodying work done in connection with this course
have been published: Nos. LX XII, LXXIV., and LX XIX. of the
list embraced in this Report.

ZLoblogy 16, by Dr. Parker, was given this year in accordance
with the plan announced last year. After a short introduction to
the study of the nervous system, the remaining lectures in the
course were devoted to an extended. consideration of the anatomy
and physiology of the central nervous organs, and the terminal
organs of efferent nerves. The experiment was tried of requiring
each student to prepare a short paper on some topic connected
with the subject matter of the lectures. This exercise, though
stimulating to the student, can, of course, never form a satisfactory
substitute for laboratory work. There were in regular attendance
on the lectures four students who were not enrolled.

The number of students in Zoédlogy 20a was not quite as large
as in the previous year, but with the research students in Radcliffe
College absorbed the most of the time of the instructor left from
the work of Zoology 4 and 5. The “ Contributions” written in
this course, which have been completed and published since my
last Report, are: Nos. LXX., LXXI., LXXVII., and LXXXI.;
those which are “in press”’ are two by Porter, and one each by
Neal, Lewis, Hamaker, and Linville.

At the last Commencement, the degree of Doctor at Science
in Zodlogy was conferred upon Mr. Alfred Goldsborough Mayer,
whose thesis was completed and published in the spring of 1896,
and who was allowed, for reasons stated in my last Report, to come
up for his examination in the autumn of 1896; also the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy upon two candidates in Zoology, Mr. John
Irvin Hamaker and Mr. Henry Richardson Linville. The titles
of their theses appear in the Contributions now “ in press.”’

Dr. H. 8. Jennings has resigned the travelling Parker Fellow-
ship, and returned to America. He expects to give his time
in future to teaching and research. As the result of his studies
in Jena during the winter, he has published in the Journal of
Physiology a paper entitled, “Studies on Reactions to Stimuli in
Unicellular Organisms. I. Reactions to Chemical, Osmotic, and
Mechanical Stimuli in the Ciliate Infusoria.”’

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 27

The degree of A. M. was conferred on three students whose
work was wholly or almost wholly in Zoology.

The continued generosity of the Curator of the Museum and
the Corporation has permitted the publication in the Museum
Bulletin of the greater number of the following Contributions
from the Zodlogical Laboratory, all of which have appeared since
my last Report : —

LXX. Jennines, H. S. — The Early Development of Asplanchna
Herrickii de Guerne. A Contribution to Developmental Mechanics.
Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., Vol. XXX. No. 1, pp. 1-118. 10 Pls. Octo-
ber, 1896.

LXXI. Neat, H. V.— A Summary of Studies on the Segmentation of
the Nervous System in Squalus acanthias. A Preliminary Notice.
Anat. Anzeiger, Bd. XII. No. 17, pp. 377-891. 6 Figs. October 20,
1896.

LXXII. Davenport, C. B., anp Cannon, W. B. — On the Determina-
tion of the Direction and Rate of Movement of Organisms by Light.
Jour. of Physiol., Vol. XX XI. No. 1, pp. 27-82. 1 Fig. February 5,
1897. ,

LXXIII. Davenport, C. B., anp BuLuarp, C.— Studies in Mor-
phogenesis, VI. A Contribution to the Quantitative Study of
Correlated Variation and the Comparative Variability of the
Sexes. Proc. Amer. Acad., Vol. XXXII. No. 4, pp. 87-97.' De-
cember, 1896. ; ;

LXXIV. Mayer, A. G. — On the Color and Color-Patterns of Moths and
Butterflies. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Vol. XXX. No. 4, pp. 167-256.
10 Pls. Feb. | Mar.], 1897. Also Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol.
XXVII. No. 14, pp. 243-330. 10 Pls. March, 1897.

LXXV. Parxer, G. H.— The Mesenteries and Siphonoglyphs in Me-
tridium marginatum Milne-Edwards. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., Vol.
XXX. No. 5, pp. 257-272. 1 Pl. March, 1897.

LXXVI. Parker, G. H.— Photomechanical Changes in the Retinal
Pigment Cells of Paleemonetes, and their Relation to the Central
Nervous System. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., Vol. XXX. No. 6, pp.
273-300. 1 Pl. April, 1897.

LXXVII. Bunker, F. S. — On the Structure of the Sensory Organs of
the Lateral Line of Ameiurus nebulosus Le Sueur. Anat. Anzeiger,
Bd. XIII. No. 8 u. 9, pp. 256-260. March 3, 1897.

LXXVIII. Woopwortu, W. McM. — Ona Method of Graphic Recon-
struction from Serial Sections. Zeitschr. f. wiss. Mikr., Bd. XIV.
No. 1, pp. 15-18, July, 1897.

28 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

LXXIX. Brewster, E. T.— A Measure of Variability, and the Rela-
tion of Individual Variations to Specific Differences. Proc. Amer.
Acad., Vol. XXXII. No. 15, pp. 269-279. May, 1897.

LXXX. Davenport, C. B. — The Role of Water in Growth. Proc.
Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. XXVIII. No. 3, pp. 73-84. June, 1897.

LXXXI. Lewis, Marearet. — Clymene producta, sp. p. Proc, Bost.
Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. XXVIII. No. 5, pp. 111-117. 2 Pls. August,
1897.

In Press.

Porter, J. F. — Two new Gregarinida. Jour. of Morphol., Vol. XIV.
No. 1, pp. 1-20. 3 Pls. 1897.

WoopwortH, W. McM.— Contributions to the Morphology of the
Turbellaria. II. On some Turbellaria from Illinois. Bull. Mus.
Comp. Zodl., Vol. XX XI. No. 1, pp. 1-16. 1 Pl. October, 1897.

Porter, J. F. — Trichonympha, and other Parasites of Termes flavipes.
Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., Vol. XXXI. No. 3, pp. 45-68. 6 Pls.
October, 1897.

Waite, F. C. — Variations in the Brachial and Lumbo-Sacral Plexi of
Necturus maculosus Rafinesque. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., Vol. XX XI.
No. 4, pp. 69-92. 2 Pls. November, 1897.

Lewis, MARGARET. — Studies on the Central and Peripheral Nervous
System of Two Polychete Annelids. Proc. Amer. Acad. 8 Pls.

Davenport, C. B., anp Perkins, HELEN. — A Contribution to the Study
of Geotaxis in the Higher Animals. Jour. of Physiol., Vol. XXII.
Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 99-110. Sept. 1, 1897.

Neat, H. V.— The Segmentation of the Nervous System in Squalus
acanthias. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Vol. XXXI. No. 5. 9 Pls.
Hamaker, J. I.— The Nervous System of Nereis virens Sars. A Study
in Comparative Neurology. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., Vol. XXXI.

No.6. 5 Pls.

Linvitte, H. R.— Maturation and Fertilization in Pulmonate Gas-

teropods.

During the Academic year 1896-97 the Division of Natural His-
tory under the Faculty of Arts and Sciences was split into two
divisions, one of which, Biology, embraces the two Departments
of Botany and Zoology. Dr. Farlow of the Botanical Department
has been made Chairman, and Dr. Davenport has been chosen
Secretary of this Division. |

Hereafter Dr. R. T. Jackson is to give in the Zodlogical Depart-
ment a course in Paleozodlogy under the title, ‘“‘ Fossil Inverte-
brates, — Lectures and Laboratory Work.” This course is to run

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 29

through the whole year, and is to be designated Zoology 9; it will
be somewhat similar to the course Geology 15 of previous years,
this course being discontinued.

It is with regret that I record the resignation of Dr. W. McM.
Woodworth from the teaching force of the Department, to take
effect at the beginning of the next Academic year. I wish to
express the feeling of loss which we as a Department experi-
ence in the transference of Dr. Woodworth’s energies from the
College to the Museum, which is hereafter to receive all his atten-
tion, and further, to express the hope that at some time in the
future a portion of his time may be again given to the work of
instruction.

To provide for the work in teaching hitherto carried on te Dr:
Woodworth, and at the same time to relieve Dr. Parker of a
portion of his duties in instruction, Dr. William EH. Castle has
been appointed Instructor in Anatomy and Embryology. Besides
assisting in the courses in Microscopical Anatomy and Embry-
ology of Vertebrates (Zodlogy 4 and ae he will have charge of
Zoology 2.

Dr. Davenport, in addition to the work which he has done in
connection with the courses under his charge and the papers pro-
duced in connection with them, has published Part I. of his work
on ‘‘ Experimental Morphology.” This part deals with “ Effect
of Chemical and Physical Agents on Protoplasm,” and is a book
of nearly 300 pages, issued by the Macmillan Company, New York,
1897. Part Il. of this work is also nearly completed. He has
also published an article ‘‘On the Role of Water in Growth,” as
Contribution No. LXXX., and, in collaboration with Mr. C. Bul-
lard, Contribution No. LXXIII. He has besides written for
“‘ Science ” a review of the works of O. Hertwig and H. B. Wilson
on “The Cell,’ and several reviews for “ L’Année biologique,”
Tom. I., as well as an article on “College Admission Require-
ments”’ for the ‘‘ Harvard Graduates’ Magazine,” December, 1896.

Dr. Parker has published two interesting illustrated papers: one
on ‘‘ The Mesenteries and Siphonoglyphs in Metridium,” the other
on “ Photomechanical Changes in the Retinal Pigment Cells of
Paleemonetes,” etc., as Contributions LX XV. and LX XVI.

The paper on “Some Variations in the Genus Eucope,” by the
Curator and Dr. Woodworth, has been published since my last
Report, and Dr. Woodworth has also published an article “ On a

30 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

Method of Graphic Reconstruction from Serial Sections,” Contri-
bution No. LX XVIII. Another article by him on the Turbellaria
of Illinois is now in the hands of the printer.

Early in the year the Department collections were enriched by a
valuable and expensive series of Thiersch’s transparent injection
preparations, presented by Mr. B. 8S. Oppenheimer.

Near the middle of the College year the Zodlogical Club changed
the time of its meetings from the evening to half-past four in the
afternoon. From that time forward the meetings were held every
week, instead of every two weeks as in previous years. Soon
afterwards the advanced students in Zodlogy in Radcliffe College
were invited to attend and participate in the discussions of the
Club. The invitation was generally accepted. The meetings
were well attended and the discussions profitable.

The number of students enrolled in the Zoological Courses in
Radcliffe College was as follows: —

DOOlor yes, hs hs Se eee 1 2 3 4 5 15 20a
No. of Students Y 2-0 Vs. 9 4. 2 2 dD 6

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 31

REPORT ON THE MAMMALS AND BIRDS.

By WILuIAM BREWSTER.

THE past year has been singularly uneventful as far as the pre-
sent department is concerned. Practically no changes have been
made in the arrangements of the collections, and the only acquire-
ments are the following

By gift. From William Brewster, a Mole (Parascalops brewert)
from Lake Umbagog, Maine; two skins of Xantus’s Jay (Aphelo-
coma ec. hypoleuca), taken at La Paz, Lower California, by M. A.
Frazer, and four skins of the Florida Crow (Corvus a. floridanus),
taken at Fort Myers, Florida, by W. HE. D. Scott. From Mrs.
J. J. Glesner, a double nest of a Vireo (apparently V. olwaceus).
Twenty-three skins of Mammals from Borneo and Great Natuna
Island, and nineteen skins of birds from Borneo and Celebes,
collected by EK. and C. Hose, were presented by Dr. W. H. Fur-
ness through Professor Jayne.

During the past winter Mr. G. 8. Miller, Jr., has made extensive
use of the Museum material in connection with the study and deter-
mination of a collection of Mammals and Birds obtained by him in
the region north of Lake Superior in the summer of 1896. Lieut.
W. Robinson has also consulted the collections on several occasions,
and Mr. Freeze of the Washington Grammar School has been sup-
plied with bird skins which he has used for purposes of instruction
in the school. These specimens have been duly returned. It is to
be regretted that assistance of this kind cannot be more freely and
generally given, but for the reason explained by Mr. Agassiz in his
Report for 1890 and 1891 (pp. 8 and 9), it is impracticable to do
this to any considerable extent.

The general condition of the collections is most satisfactory.
Insect pests appear to have been wholly exterminated. At
least, during the past year no signs of their presence have been
detected.

ae ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

The Assistant in this department has published the following
papers and notes in “‘ The Auk.”

Occurrence of the Wood Ibis (Zantalus loculator) in Bristol County,
Massachusetts.

On the Nomenclature of certain Forms of the Downy Woodpecker
(Dryobates pubescens).

The Lesser Snow Goose in New England.

The Bahaman Swallow in Florida.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 33

REPORT ON THE REPTILES AND FISHES.

By SAMUEL GARMAN.

Muc# the largest addition to these collections was obtained in
exchange from Dr. Fernand Lataste. It was composed of desira-
ble representatives of the faunas of Chili and of Algeria, Reptiles,
Batrachians, and Fishes. Mr. W. H. Phelps donated the fine
collection of Reptiles and Batrachians secured by him in Vene-
zuela to these departments, after making a thorough study of it
in connection with the Museum’s material. The ‘“‘ Great Barrier
Reef Expedition ” of 1896 supplied an excellent series of Austra-
lian desiderata, collected by Messrs. Woodworth, Mayer, and Olive.
Outram Bangs, Esq., added quite a number of species to his
contributions from Florida. Accessions from various localities
have also been received from Professor G. H. Parker, Dr. L. C.
Jones, and Messrs. I. -T’. Jones, Roswell H. Johnson, Herbert W.
Taylor, C. M. F. Flagg, and Lawrence Brooks. All receipts were
in good condition.

Few shipments have been made. Besides what was furnished
to the students in Zodlogy, a small lot of fishes went to the Labo-
ratory of Indiana University. The material collected by Professor
C. C. Nutting on his Expedition to the Bahamas, Cuba, and Florida
Keys, for the University of Iowa, was made the basis of a report,
and was returned to the University. The report as published is
entitled ‘‘ Report on the Fishes collected by the Bahama Expedi-
tion of the State University of lowa, under Professor C. C. Nut-
ting, in 1898,” and appeared in the Bulletin of the Laboratory of
Natural Sciences of the Iowa University, in 1896, and separately
as a reprint.

Aside from the routine demands of the Exhibition series, and of
the storage collections, the greater portion of the labor has been

devoted to a continuation of the studies in deep-sea ichthyology,
5)

34 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

identification, dissection, drawing, all being more or less directly
connected with that work, now approaching completion.

Of the general condition in the rooms occupied by the Fishes
and Reptiles it may be said that the amount of loss, on account of
decay, insect ravages, discoloration, evaporation, or breakage, is
the smallest yet reported.

(Sw)
Ot

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.

REPORT ON THE ENTOMOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT.

By SamuEL HENSHAW.

For acceptable additions to the collections, the Department is
indebted to Miss Isabel Johnson, Messrs. A. L. Babcock, Outram
Bangs, ©. F. Batchelder, Frederick Blanchard, Charles Bullard,
ne ke Burson. be. Calvert. J. akmerton, W. G. Farlow,
Walter Faxon, W. F. Fiske, J. W. Folsom, H. G. Gallagher, G. L.
Goodale, Roland Hayward, Ralph Hoffmann, G. H. Horn, J. G.
Jack, R. T. Jackson, A. G. Mayer, G. 8. Miller, Jr., A.-P. Morse,
A. S. Packard, Wirt Robinson, §. H. Scudder, F. A. Sherriff,
Roland Thaxter, C. M. Weed, W. L. Wilder, J. B. Woodworth,
W. McM. Woodworth, and ©. E. Worthington.

The Assistant has added several hundred specimens collected in
Massachusetts and Southern New Hampshire. Many students and
specialists have worked upon the collections during the past year.

The condition of the collections is highly satisfactory; at the
last thorough examination, just completed, not a single case of
injury from Anthreni or other destructive insects was discovered.

A revisional rearrangement of the Euchromiide, Notodontide,
Saturniid, and Thyatiride of the Lepidoptera Heterocera, and of
the Scutelleridz of the Hemiptera Heteroptera, has been completed.
Several genera of the Lepidoptera Rhopalocera have also been
rearranged, and some additional progress made with portions of
the Carabide, Scarabeide, and Tenebrionide of the Coleoptera.
The rearrangement of the large series of Cynipidous galls has
been begun, but is not completed.

In the Leconte collection of Coleoptera the final rearrangement
of the Dascyllide, Rhipiceride, Elateridz, Throscide, Buprestide,
Lampyride, Malachide, Cleride, Ptinide, Cupeside, Lymexylide,
Lucanide, Scarabeide, Spondylide, and Cerambycide has been
completed.

Nine large boxes of galls have been prepared for exhibition in
the Botanical Section of the Museum. This series includes some
of the more important and commoner North American and Euro-
pean galls made by insects and mites; brief labels describe these
galls, and in a few cases the architects of the galls are shown.

36 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE CRUSTACEA AND MOLLUSCA.

By Wa trterR Faxon.

Girts of Crustacea and Mollusca have been received during the
past year from Messrs. A. Agassiz, H. Ayers, O. Bangs, J. H.
Blake, H. Garman, W. A. Hickman, R. T. Jackson, A. M. Nor-
man, A. Ortmann, and W. MeM. Woodworth. Of these the most
valuable is a lot of Crustacea, comprising twenty-two species from
Greenland and Davis Straits, — the gift of the Rev. A. M.
Norman.

In the winter of 1898-94, I undertook, with Miss Parker’s
assistance, the systematic arrangement of the large collection of
Molluscan shells stored in two rooms on the fifth floor of the
Museum. A brief statement of the then condition of the collec-
tion, together with the system to be observed in its revision, was
made in my Report for 1895-94. This work was brought to a
finish during the spring of the present year. ‘The shells are now
not only easily accessible, but also (as I hope) in a state of perma-
nent safety. The collection as now arranged is contained in
1,780 wooden drawers or trays (264 * 17 in., inside measure-
ment). Of these (to specify some of the larger divisions) the
Muricide occupy 39 trays, the Volutide 44, the Conidz 39, the
Strombide 389, the Cypraide 48, the Melaniide 54, the Trochide
50, the Helicide 314, the Tellinide 385, the Veneride 47; the
Unionide 271. In this collection are included the types of the
shells described by J. G. Anthony and by Temple Prime; in
many groups, moreover, the identifications were made by Mr.
Anthony through a direct collation with the original types, so that
the specimens have come to have a value second only to types.

The alcoholic collection of Mollusks, stored in the basement of
the building, fills 95 trays. Here is found most of the deep-sea
material from the “ Blake ” and “ Albatross”’ dredgings, — mate-
rial elaborated by Messrs. W. H. Dall and A. E. Verrill. .

These collections, together with the extensive suites of mounted
specimens in the Exhibition Rooms, make up the Molluscan wealth
of the Museum.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. om

REPORT ON THE VERMES.

By W. McM. WoopwortTu.

Durine the past year the entire collection of Annelids has been
catalogued and arranged systematically, and considerable progress
has been made in cataloguing and arranging the other groups.

The chief additions to the collections are a fine series of New
Zealand and Australian Land Planarians received from Mr. Arthur
Dendy, a collection of British Turbellaria from Mr. A. Lyster
Jameson, a collection of fresh-water Planarians from Professor
Paul Hallez, and one of Nemerteans from Dr. T. H. Montgomery.
Thanks are also due to Professor J. 5S. Kingsley for contributions
to the collections.

The Museum Gordiide were sent to Dr. T. H. Montgomery, and
have been returned by him with a report based upon the collection.
The Arenicolide have been forwarded to Mr. F. W. Gamble, of
Queen’s College, Manchester.

The United States National Museum collection of Nemerteans
has been lent to the Assistant. This supplemented by the Museum
material forms a superb collection for the study of the representa-
tives of this group from the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.

The Assistant has published the following papers during the past
year : —

Notes on Turbellaria. Am. Naturalist, Vol. XX X., 1896.

On the Occurrence of Filaroides mustelarum in American Skunks. Am.
Naturalist, Vol. XX XI., 1897.

The Cambridge Natural History (a review). Science, N. S., Vol. V.
No. 129, 1897.

On a Method of Graphic Reconstruction from Serial Sections. Zeitschr.
f. wiss. Mikroskopie, Bd. XIV., 1897.

Contributions to the Morphology of the Turbellaria. II. On some
Turbellaria from Illinois. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., Vol. XX XI. No. 1.
1897.

A report on the Planarians collected by the Barrier Reef Expe-
dition is nearly ready for the printer, and good progress has been
made with the “ Albatross’? Nemerteans.

38 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE ECHINODERMS, POLYPS, ETC.

By ALFRED G. MAYER.

THE time of the Assistant has been mainly devoted to a general
inspection and revision of the collection.

Many of the wh written labels of the alcoholic specimens had
faded to such an extent as to be almost illegible. This was espe-
cially true of the Pourtalés types of Deep-Sea Corals. Several
hundred labels were copied and replaced. In only two cases was
it found impossible to decipher the original label.

The Assistant has added to the collection about thirty species of
Meduse, preserved in 0% formalin.

These were for the most part obtained at the Newport Laboratory.
In addition to the above, about twenty-five species of Hydromedusz
from the Dry Tortugas, most of which are new to science, have
been placed in the collection.

It is found that excellent Museum specimens of Medusz may
be made by killing and preserving them in 5% formalin. In many
cases the animal is preserved in a perfectly natural attitude, and
the gelatinous substance of the bell, etc. remains transparent.
The colors of the proboscis, etc., however, usually fade, and the
specimens are not suitable for histological work.

The Assistant has published ‘“*‘ A New Hypothesis of Seasonal-
Dimorphism in Lepidoptera,’ in Psyche, a Journal of Entomology,
May —June, 1897. ,

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 39

REPORT ON THE DEPARTMENT OF VERTEBRATE
PALHONTOLOGY.

By CHarues R. EASTMAN.

THE most important additions to the collection since the date of
the last Report consist of a unique series of Devonian Fishes from
Iowa, and a number of choice specimens from the Cleveland Shale
of Ohio.. Several boxes of material from a newly discovered fish-
bed in Johnson County, Iowa, were very generously presented by
the State Geologist, Professor Samuel Calvin, and arrangements
have since been made by which the Museum is enabled to partici-
pate in the further exploitation of this interesting deposit. A
second instalment of Ohio material, purchased of Dr. William
Clark, secured to the Department a valuable lot of specimens ; and
the representation of fossil Vertebrates from this State has been
still further increased by exchanges, as noted below. It is fortu-
nate that the faunal series should have become thus enriched in a
direction wherein there formerly existed a deficiency.

The time of the Assistant has been devoted principally to the
care and study of the collections under his charge. The display of
Specimens in the Systematic Exhibition Rooms has been rearranged,
and the selection of fossils for the Paleozoic Room brought to a
completion. During the present summer a field trip of a month’s
duration is contemplated. The success that has attended the
operations of professional collectors in working up small but
productive fields systematically, instead of skimming over a large
area superficially, is sufficient demonstration of the economy
and advantage of this method as applied to institutions. Con-
centration of effort in localities where there is a natural concen-
tration of material, well known examples of which occur in this
country, insures much better results than desultory gatherings
over a wide district. |

Additions to the Collection during the Year.

1896. Specimens of Macropetalichthys, Gonatodus, and other remains
from the Corniferous Limestone, near Columbus, Ohio. Exchange with
Dr. Edward Orton, State Geologist. Received December 23.

40 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

1896. Calvin Collection. A large assortment of fossil fish remains,
chiefly Dipnoan and Chimeroid, from the so-called State Quarry Bed
(presumably Upper Devonian) of Johnson County, Iowa. Presented by
Professor Samuel Calvin. Received December 24.

1896. Clark Collection. Second instalment of fossil Fishes from the
Cleveland Shale of Northern Ohio, including a figured cranium of Dinich-
thys intermedius and good examples of Oladodus fylert. Purchased of Dr.
William Clark, Berea, Ohio. Received December 26.

1897. Several well preserved specimens of Semtonotus and Catopterus
from the Trias of the Connecticut Valley; also a small collection of Green
River Fishes. Exchange with Boston Society of Natural History.
Received January 1.

1897. Aset of plaster models from the Oxford Museum, presented
through E. R. Lankester, Linacre Professor of Zodlogy. Received
January 13.

1897. Casts of Paleozoic Fishes and Amphibians, presented by Pro-
fessor EK. D. Cope. Received January 18.

1897. Cavern bones from New South Wales, collected on the Austra-
lian Expedition of 1896. Received January 26.

1897. Vertebrze and portions of jaw belonging to type-specimen of
Laptanodon natans Marsh. Exchange with Professor A. S. Packard.
Received February 1.

1897. Specimen of Macropetalichthys sullivanti, showing interior of
cranium, etc., from the Corniferous Limestone of Ohio. Exchange with
Professor C. H. Hitchcock. Received March 22.

Papers Published during the Year.

Daniel Denison Slade [ Biographical Sketch of]. New Eng. Hist. and
Gen. Register, Vol. LI. pp. 3-14, January.

On the Characters of Macropetalichthys. Amer. Naturalist, Vol.
XXXI. pp. 498-499, June.

On Ctenacanthus Spines from the Keokuk Limestone of Iowa. Amer.
Journ. Sci. [4], Vol. IV. pp. 10-138, July.

Tamiobatis vetustus, a new Form of Fossil Skate. Amer. Journ. Sci.,
[4], Vol. IV. pp. 85-90, August. .

On the Occurrence of Fossil Fishes in the Devonian of Iowa. Ann.
Rep. Iowa Geological Survey, Vol. VII. pp. 108-116.

On the Relations of certain Plates in the Dinichthyids, with Descriptions
of new Species. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., Vol. XX XI. pp. 19-44. |

ee "? tg Bs

eter: satal

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. Al

REPORT ON FOSSIL INVERTEBRATES.

By ALpHeus Hyatt.

THe Ammonitine of the Cretaceous have been studied and
rearranged through the groups of Pseudoceratites and their im-
mediate allies, including also the Phylloceratide and part of
Lytoceratide. During the summer a number of species of Pala-
ozoic Cephalopods have been selected for exhibition.

The Department is indebted to Dr. R. T. Jackson for revising
the collections of Pteropods, Lamellibranchs, Worms, and Bryo-
zoa, rearranging parts, and placing the whole in better condition,
and also selecting material suitable for exhibition.

Part of the time of two Assistants has been expended in label-
ling and piecing together specimens of the Schary and other col-
lections, and also in mounting some fossils for exhibition in the
Stratigraphic Collection.

Hon. C. D. Waleott and Hon. Frank Springer have looked over
parts of the collections, and selected materials to be sent them for
investigation, and the latter has donated a choice collection of
Paleozoic Crinoids.

Professor C. EK. Beecher has given the Department some rare
Devonian Phyllopods, and a specimen of Triarthrus beckii show-
ing the appendages on the ventral side, and also his two beautiful
restorations of that species illustrating the final results of his suc-
cessful researches upon the external anatomy.

A lot of fine Trilobites from the Middle Cambrian of Mt. Stephen,
British Columbia, has been presented by Messrs. F. N. Balch and
G. L. Paine.

The superb work of Wachsmuth and Springer on “ North Ameri-
can Crinoidea Camerata,’ in three large volumes, with eighty-
three plates, noticed elsewhere in the list of the Memoirs of this
Museum, has been partly based upon the materials accumulated
in this department, and shows the exceptionally rich character of

the collection of Crinoids.
6

42 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE LIBRARY.

By Miss F. M. Snack.

Durine the year ending September 1, 1897, the Library has
received 548 volumes, 2,535 parts, and 150 pamphlets.

VOLUMES. PARTS. PAMPHLETS.
Galt: Gag. ar) aches ae OCR 5 60 56
Exchange ,) soe +, St, av pet ee 765 53
Purchase.) jc 6 <i) Skee ee eee ee 270 0
A Bas siz eh kh ee Rp ie ee 1,240 41
Binding. Parts: <:) 4) G) (aa Be ee ee 0 0
548 2,335 150

The number of volumes now in the Library (exclusive of pam-
phlets and the Whitney Library) is 23,292. There are 17,251
pamphlets bound in 2,908 volumes, making the total number of
volumes 26,200.

To this should be added the Whitney Library, containing about
5,000 volumes and 1,500 pamphlets, making the total volumes
31,200, and about 1,800 pamphlets not yet arranged by subjects for
binding.

ate ae a
o i

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 43

[A]
PUBLICATIONS

OF THE

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY

FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1896-97.

Of the Bulletin : —
Vol. XXVIII. (Geological Series, Vol. IIL.)

No.

No.

[ Vol.

2. The EvevatTep Reer of Froripa. By A. Acassiz. With Notes on the
Grotoey of SouTHERN Froripa. By L. 8. Griswoxip. pp. 36. 26 Plates.
October, 1896.

3. Notes on the ARTESIAN WELL sunk at Kry West, Fuoripa, in 1895.
Based on a Collection made for ALEXANDER AGassi1z. By E. O. Hovey.
pp. 30. December, 1896.

XXVIII. will be continued.]

Vol. XXX. (October, 1896-April, 1897.)

No.

No.

[ Vol.

1. The Early DeveLorment of ASPLANCHNA HerrRicKi1 de Guerne; a
Contribution to Developmental Mechanics. By H.S. Jennines. pp. 118.
10 Plates. October, 1896.

. 2. Studies from the Newport Marine Laboratory. XL. Some Varta-

TIONS in the Genus Evcorn. By A. Acassiz and W. McM. Woopwortu.
pp. 82. 9 Plates. November, 1896.

38. Reports on the Results of DrepGine in the “Buaken.” XXXVII.
Supplementary Notes on the Crustacea. By W. Faxon. pp. 16. 2 Plates.
November, 1896.

.4. Contributions from the Zoological Laboratory. LXXIV. On the Cotor

and Cotor-PAtrerns of Morus and Burterrirs. By A. G. Mayer.
pp. 90. 10 Plates. February, 1897.

. 5. Contributions from the Zoological Laboratory. LXXV. The Mrsen-

TERIES and SIPHONOGLYPHS in METRIDIUM MARGINATUM Milne-Edwards.
By G. H. Parker. pp.16. 1 Plate. March, 1897.

. 6. Contributions from the Zoological Laboratory. LXXVI. Photome-

chanical CHaneGxs in the RetinaL PigmMeNnT CELLS of PAL/MONETES, and
their Relation to the Central Nervous System. By G. H. Parxer. pp. 27.
1 Plate. April, 1897.

XXX. zs complete. |

‘

44 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.

Of the Memoirs: —

Vol. XIX. (July, 1893-May, 1897.)

No. 2. Reports on the Results of Drepeine in the “BiaxKe,” 1877-1880.
XXXV. Description des Crustacts de la Famille des GaLatHéipss
recueillis pendant l’Expédition. Par A. Mitnn-Epwarps et E. L. Bouvier.
pp. 142. 12 Plates. May, 1897.

[ Vol. XIX. as complete.]

Vols. XX., XXI. The Norra AMERICAN CRINOIDEA CamERATA. By CHARLES
WacusmutH and Frank SprinGER. 2 Vols. pp. 887, and Atlas of 83
Plates. May, 1897.

[B]
INVESTED FUNDS OF THE MUSEUM.

In THE HAnps or THE TREASURER OF HARVARD COLLEGE, Sept. 1, 1895.

Sturgis-Hooper Fund’... 0.0 she a) 2 Re ee teen) SUL
Gray Fund: 0h) a gel ei Su el sy ek ie eo
Agassiz Memorial Fund. - 5 6.5) 0.0. [)2 ka ye Ve A ae Om
Teachers and Pupils Bund) 5... .° 20 nS aie ceo ee 7,994.01
Permanent: Fund: . Ost. ayers wl ae whieh ie) Nghe ike Rae Intern tel Leen eo eed
Humboldt Fund... °.0.. a eh 2 OBER ign SOL | Save ae 7,740.66
Virginia Barret Gibbs F met MEUM TTR Morel atl hiner eel ket 5,000.00

$585,737.11

The payments on account of the Museum are made by the Bursar of Harvard
College, on vouchers approved by the Curator. The accounts are annually exam-
ined by a committee of the Overseers. The only funds the income of which is
restricted, the Gray and the Humboldt Funds, are annually charged in an analysis
of the accounts, with vouchers to the payment of which the income is applicable.

The income of the Gray Fund can be applied to the purchase and maintenance of
collections, but not for salaries.

The income of the Virginia Barret Gibbs Scholarship Fund, of the value of $250,
is assigned annually with the approval of the Faculty of the Museum, at the recom-
mendation of the Professors of Zoology and of Comparative Anatomy in Harvard
University, “in supporting or assisting to support one or more students who have
shown decided talents in Zoology, and preferably in the direction of Marine
Zoology.”

The income of the Humboldt Fund (about $300) can be applied for the benefit of
one or more students of Natural History, either at the Museum, the United States
Fish Commission Station at Wood’s Hole, or elsewhere.

Applications for the tables reserved for advanced students at the Wood’ s Hole
Station should be made to the Director of the Museum before the Ist of May. Ap-
plicants should state their qualifications, and indicate the course of study they
intend to pursue.

The following Publications of the Museum of Comparative Zoology
are in preparation : —

Reports on the Results of Dredging Operations in 1877, 1878, 1879, and 1880, in charge of ALEX-
ANDER AGASSIZ, by the U. S. Coast Survey picaner “Blake,” as follows: —

E. EHLERS. The Annelids of the “ Blake.”
C. HARTLAUB.. The Comatule of the ‘ Blake,” with 15 Plates.
H. LUDWIG. The Genus Pentacrinus.

A. E. VERRILL. ‘The Alcyonaria of the “ Blake.”

Illustrations of North American MARINE INVERTEBRATES, from Drawings by BuRK-
HARDYT, ees and A. AGASSIZ, prepared under the Direction of L. AGASsrz.

A. AGASSIZ. A Visit to the Great Barrier Reef of ‘Australia:
LOUIS CABO. Immature State of the Odonata, Part IV.
E, L. MARK. Studies on Lepidosteus, continued.

= Qn Arachnactis.
R. T. HILL. On the Geology of the Isthmus of Panama,
ae On the Geology of Jamaica.
“ _ Qn the Geology of the Windward Islands. ‘

Contributions from the ZOOLOGICAL LABORATORY, in charge of Professor E, L, MARK.
Contributions from the GEOLOGICAL LABORATORY, in charge of Professor N. S. Sine

Studies from the NEWPORT. MARINE LABORATORY, communicated by ALEXANDER:

AGASSIZ, as follows: =

A. AGASSIZ and A. G, MAYER. The Acalephs of the East Coast of the United States,

oe “sé 6é

AGASSIZ and WHITMAN, Pelagic Fishes.

On Dactylometra quinquecirra Agass.
Part II., with 14 Plates.

Reports on the Results of the Expedition of 1891 of the U. S. Fish Lannniaion Steamer
“* Albatross,” Lieutenant Commander Z. L. TANNER, U.S. N., Commanding, in charge of

ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, as follows: —

'A.AGASSIZ. ‘The Pelagic Fauna.

Ses “The Echini.

«The Panamic Deep-Sea Fauna.

J. E, BENEDICT. ‘The Annelids.
K, BRAND'L.. The Sagitte.
$4 biter The Thalassicole.

ae CHUN. The Siphonophores. ©
_ & ~~ The Eyes of Deep-Sea Crustacea.

W. H. DALL. The Mollusks.

_S. GARMAN. The Fishes.
H. J. HANSEN. The Cirripeds and Isopods.

W. A. HERDMAN. The Ascidians..
S. J. HICKSON, The Antipathids.
W. E. HOYLE. The Cephalopods.

-G. VON KOCH. The Deep-Sea Corals. |

C. A. KOFOID. Solenogaster.

R. VON LENDENFELD. ‘The Phospho-

‘rescent Organs of Fishes.

C. F. LUTKEN and TH. MORTENSEN.

- The Ophiuride.

O. MAAS. The Acalephs.

E. L. MARK. The Actinarians.

JOHN MURRAY. The Bottom Specimens.

ROBERT RIDGWAY. ‘The Alcoholic Birds.

P. SCHIEMENZ. The Pteropods and Hete-
ropods

W. PERCY SLADEN. Thé Starfishes.

L. STEJNEGER. The Reptiles.

THEO. STUDER. The Alcyonarians.

M. P. A. TRAUTSTEDT. The Salpide and
Doliolidze.

E. P. VAN DUZEE. The Halobatide.

H. B. WARD. The Sipunculids.

-H. V. WILSON. The Sponges.

W. McM. WOODWORTH. The Planarians,

Studies from the Newport Marine Laboratory, communicated by Alexander

bsp aS

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY i
- AT HARVARD COLLEGE. 8 aS ee 7%

There have been published es the Botierins Vols. L to SER ae
of the Memoirs, Vols. I. to XVIII. pares

Vols. XXVIII. and XXXI. of the Bau eae and Vol. XX. Boe
of the Memoirs, are now in course of publication. .

The Butierin and Memoirs are devoted to the publication of a
original work by the Professors and Assistants of the Museum, of es Bs! we F
investigations carried on by students and others in the different — meee
Laboratories of Natural History, and of work by Beate 2p based -
upon the Museum Collections.

The following publications are in preparation : — SF yee ae
Reports on the Results of Dredging Operations from 1877 to 1880, in diaien efit
Alexander Agassiz, by the U. 8. Coast Survey Steamer “ Blake,” Lieut. .
Commander C. D. Sigsbee, U.S. N., and Commander J. 4 Bartlett, U.S. Ne
Commanding.
Reports on the Results of the acpedilton. of 1891 of the U. S. Fish Commission
Steamer “ Albatross,” Lieut. Commander Z. L. Tanner, U. S..N,, Com-

manding, in charge of Alexander Agassiz. . ae

Contributions from the Zodlogical Laboratory, in charge of Professor E. i 73a

Mark. oy a
Contributions from the Geological Laboratory, i in charge of Professor N. Ss. e
Shaler. : ak

Agassiz.

i > 2 Acs a, 5 hy
rc ss

Subscriptions for the publications of Aly Museum will be received
on the following terms : — eae 58 SOLES res & anon ae a: se
For the Buiietin, $4.00 per Sowa pay able i in advance. - ete? ey

For the Memoirs, $8.00 <<‘ Beas ae Ss eicett ts aes
These publications are issued in anehees ‘at ir regular inter es
vals; one volume of the Bulletin (8vo) and half a volume of. the x
Memoirs (4to) usually appear annually. Each number of the Bul- | See
letin and of the Memoirs is also sold separately. oe price list ors
the publications of the. Museum will be sent on application to the
Director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. 2

x 4 fel.

ALEXANDER. “AGASSIZ, Bin SE 4

—
LF
=

3 2044 106 267 073

his He asda eM Pies Deri q rk e4y’ Nibe sh. ’
Rete ettipanbsiuear milcug tats sync hin gait ia tip baa
i sie / 8 vant fh fy rh Hae sie be babi BS 8 » ay weaye Y ey itt af 9 he me

ute si

pa ene ce { a

Ht ie haiti si wee

is fa fnty
cee M tie

i a

tas .
Ni Ua rai Peiertael
cnr nee

+ 4 leis +h es

Hen inert

he uae Ira ee
et

i dail et

w ibe
Wh thet rh

y oS ‘it ( aaa ihe
ate HO ¥ Sib hth Heft

tr ene 11 Qsle ty fe} hy $

donate au

aie
aise

oie = ah i iy ;
iat ik
Pan ae i ana seit ieiatttaa Rie ane
eden ca : it Gish ria re 7
i seh abi fe ih Te
mire ted Satie vf
% eis
thee
3 :
ts ‘
Flaeta id iT :
SAU tate
a ci r%
igh tf, hh) Pee : Tf
oo we a
ie Med Te. gt
shen pebetemie yes .

ilo theese egrets
rules Shey th hd elt Ah
fii fs eine soe
hid roid

ee
‘ .
®
Ad tobe ;
Bits hin ane ick
ie Le ae ie este + NE ara
ray (b os e
pie reer a ’
ri i] rth bag ,
Hoyos tayai ihe “ita
Seep by be Cp
oii Neneh ie ' ,
xt Ht ithatel tate } '
a aN Hf + et ii i
teats itis iy this
is Coe M
iret Titett ve! iain ,
aa bet ae a
itn: vr Veale He
hale rey Topege) tele if hs ae iV :
i aa mie oie ey sdtiduralttese |
i +h pate ine .
; mt oi re
Botap (
+i Henbyt
fey aT ia
ar yh re yet ne tit
ae sare bre h ieee fet ee skgdy Heit i Foren :
Tock rier sia statis ‘ rt A r a ut i * My .
lie each : ‘
Fen Genny, viacersest " 4 "
ead rsa eeu tas 7, >t pte pefely f DSi
a iba fe Pg eb Cie dnlan baa tye, i hy, - bed 7 4 yn : tig
ob are OF Oa ar pe ees Ms beth + | ‘ t } ' ohio “a
se Cover Pepege hdc pesyeieett Ly u '
ot Alee es ‘
piewb-tepere i
. trie fn teat te by ra rte n- 4. be , ‘
i Ee } ij
! cSeade ts robes a
-f sihiy UDeistaig teresa he POT v4 v -
WP ae oye tah ‘
@ oie tia a ae iat han)
ae ii te cacy by
eres a ‘ et are ti, if tyne ay ree ita ot a ray. '
Ee Pantie Hf ivi oe ah ata veh eye ar ene a
v4 edu! ‘ uit mt Mb A f ‘ th j +b pts on
fy snd eaten Bitilde fos a hs ahha ead he Eee he ’ vars istigaess
pear tsa ona NeReRATED Dr peices nag a secten ney tf ET Nes rhea ght Povanbe ti be rare Na poe
Pegiiaitvecbp nt ehrsen iin warms miata y 8.
ae eet Viator ;
lars Ay be Phi ¥ {
: Ri bs Li ’
345 4" globes 7” |
sna ile hi va Lan
. é t
3 ed at iret ; yeh - j
ay igen) if, + th we 4) <4; Lp Feel ae in
ee rs
hohe ce 0g} Hirwet > bs M Vie att ters r ‘
as jt pin ase tet | hi petit wets Yief rte, i!
ane ha ana Fist Ln ead 5 pre & fy:
* ts porkeus Af biti » ms 7 ‘ t i ;
Aa sai twee seer ee i Ema bot vil '
“ vbeye ho ae peje je bp Brees bea, Bis
Relititchs imei ic Ake ees shh ‘ ee h an t