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pe o = tele mat el one - ™ whe ~ . he prisp eri tp Seape Be Seeenpees H J oleae ee hi pen Sbena4 , Ohba be palieseg . . . ’ teams 4 29880 Oi OD 1 tele fe! é e « . = be ° . “ , 78 0 et oF esehenth.o: Rei ot elmboteter ¢ . ! nC Lab o-04 ote be lols 'eka pans Oteiahewre = honed wns ob opr ' oP thew 2h) 26s 0 betes epewelol her rtene!. 4 “2 Pier, te : Fe *- “*« . » od . * rd . me the s4-)eptebe|ejobet « - 20/0 @i@ueie " : ‘ ch ay + sqteiwinbele! shy) ; “2 . - + - ’ . 2 NS on *- - 8 whe os re. ‘ ‘ y Phe )oty Pie Chennelonchelotetaferte: Oe veielvis « ° 4 areie «'\ @)2'o) wii ulelete woke) ote tte) gene potehedag od . eee witenreteakill ean eee edbahebdtttdatedecheleshensaa, : . -<- . gt+1®. » ote a © @eO PO! oe keya ete. |2 idee! ane S| eed 's! oho telah Mt ma . ° P Wide i © yee 00s” Gage Oe! eters 4 Ri ig “44 2 : : “ *) (ef at ateA@ O94 60 Cet etre etele alt * - * ot « ; a ‘ bd ’ . * ' * - e ad » “ree a she oe « ’ lotro eehs (ahere ry St ee - yr whose =e heie tote tates abet, = de > © p «ret ot oe ’ e of 2 +28 © wat otolens wos ° 4 ¢ ots Shiwete etorei el -+ e ° wt tere . . wee Oot oO weet -beh-om ts; oo e - *~ + - ty 2 o oo « 2 alt #2) el ets ehore! tum . - aes eine + she): be ly “96 64 tiptoe josgtatehet ht ote wt nto, Toe h. ~« a eae, oe oe ait Pee - oot * on ee oe | . VF ond |. me miot - - ‘ roe - : - ihe eheditedanie ee * oy rf . Oh Po) -F oper 106 rhs > qh pleehete J . . « . a, > a ot ‘ 4 bl . _* > ‘ " « ° . rite ‘a o ate oop 4. ate ind obs . ot o\« .- . + ww lobe ei et ik oe 7. eee y oned wd ° 9-0. ebebadiens pebuad SP eseaess . : ee +e © sh beled a es @; 02 og, +18 2 hgMBoig ; ged ep oo bir yubebs wtehtbonelspebe rent spell 7 * » ‘ . # é ree Hate spe ‘~- - P wet wh Ds [Mbdheibdied OU ee ' ’ - 19S = 09-00 98 boOR. 2 pO “ . . oe a a ae! . . : ‘ 7 a mp 4 plibti>didipaaad eis deat taen heen un ee oe A a4 . akeinhbadrhemh-eteghastanldaien taney nt Mt ? : H $ eee rhs tr 0) © ge Ol Oat Kaha Ss) Hab-fehe iy ’ v . - oh oh Ol oe tale where heteiny bedeitine ade. 4 qo. bitinde oe ote WAH er oie p ern TOO Ppa lense Set wishes heleterepetagpe etal s ere aoe 4 ® ° +o ° + deeb oPesrlapthens ia ¢) pi Ball Phehnsoget af St Btn Gn hetahainhehenGebegnie: see ote J S)Pvbetater op ar I8-08 199 begs briestuere \o hake of rhehepea ger fone be) Or et ng sate ety op oA 8 = a PRNb ora nbd ob04 onenel wf otist «)v0e) agnge-4e ee etre ee Oren ; " - Ret ote ebdhe lamer cr Tey en 1 29 0Jete 2 pe! ming polpe ee, or Oye «epey en gets ° y as ‘ “Vel ey 0e eps sured bepewd! 145 ats fe lot op ape mebete heve. dink et el é wht . +! 1-t ba4 of apehan ‘ Ved |4 bade tee Oe Fotebor er sbeioy ’ o «ts ’ TO Ol ete eipeeed ‘ “+ i” bt edge d= + . ‘ ote s-» . ey ee re -« <1 teen tome , » “ " - 4] + sahnney ob) he ape@mretiren ere, tak een ert ‘ ’ eb she i. wert trader Pas roy rm Helene . mer ere . « ; * irs « +< * a ane hoes tat ng. ay 968 ehahe ate joi oh n i . a4 ° ro Ny itetebebenhe ckebortaeoneed joka tote Seagersietnt $e svesnichwertehayets . > J . +00 hn oHndun a shorstehovestye let. es: ssh of-Lobeis if oReserat esunet rhe' - ie ot bob» yee =o pe) ~ ‘ 64 ved> t28 » fof ob efapebee - ‘ & “ ’ e + . « ae * 3 i ree : ee $e . oe on of 4 te : toes jatoboee eer eeeee sists riete I=tee=h=% tequila ley apetorapeind at Copheee bates weed ohaciiinertratela ine , vat etna a pat ' ‘ Subib.e.| cA 4 3 : ! 9 iy, ; ¥ sx > ‘ 7 - ; rah ay aoe There have been published of the BULLETIN Vols. L te | ; Menorrs, Vols.-I. to XXIV., and also Vols. XXVIIL, 2 to XXXII. original work by the Protoss and | “Kapiti of pre M investigations carried on by students’ and others in the diffe r oratories of Natural History, and of work by specialists bas the Museum Collections and Explorations. | The following publications are in preparation - a Reports on the Results of Dredging Operations from 1877 to 1880, in char Alexander Agassiz, by the U. 8. Coast Survey Steamer “ Blake,” L Commander C. D. Sigsbee, U.S. N.. , and Commander J. R. Bartlett, U.S Commanding. Reports on the Results of the Expedition of 1891 of the U. s. Fish Steamer ‘‘ Albatross,” Lieut. Commander Z. L. Tanner, U. : manding, in charge of Alexander Agassiz. : Reports on the Scientific Results of the Expedition to the Tropical charge of Alexander Agassiz, on the U. S. Fish Commission Stes “ Albatross, ” from August, 1899, to March, 1900, Berea r Jeffe Moser, U.S. N: , Commanding. 9 Reports on the Beaenenn Results of the Expeditiog to the ‘ie om charge of Alexander Agassiz, on the U. S. Fish Comm issi “ Albatross,” from October, 1904, to April, 1905, Lieut. Com Wm Garrett, U. S. N., Commanding. Contributions from the Zodlogical Laboratory, Profesor EK. ts M Contributions from the Geological Laboratory. — These publications are issued in numbers at ae one volume of the Bulletin (8vo) and half a volume of : (4to) usually appear annually. Each number of the I of the Memoirs is sold separately. A price list of the of the Museum will be sent on application to the Lib: Museum of Comparative Zodlogy, Cambridge, Mass. _ b oa - So tes ; .e LS AL REPORT — | ‘THE CURATOR - OF THE ¥ ve JSEUM OF COMPARATIVE Z00LOGY AT HARVARD COLLEGE | . . TO THE ? RESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE | ‘FOR 1908-1909. >. CAMBRIDGE, U. Sas PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM. Ty os a , a U. S. Fisu Ocuhacsid aeikiees “« pe eee ” gan -Ocror To Marcu, 1905, LizruTENANT CoMMANDER Ea M. Gannorr, ; CoMMANDING, PUBLISHED OR IN PREPARATION: ‘te A, AGASSIZ. Vs General 11 Report on the R. VON LENDENFELD. The Expedition. Sponges, A.AGASSIZ. I.) Three Letters to Geo.M, | H. LUDWIG. The Holothurians. — - Bowers, U.S. Fish Com. H. LUDWIG. The Starfishes. A. AGASSIZ and H. L. CLARK, The | H.LUDWIG. The Ophiurans. Echini. G. W. MULLER. The Ostracods. H. B. BIGELOW. XVI. 16 The Medusae. JOHN MURRAY and G. V. LEE. H. B. BIGELOW. The Siphonophores. |. _The Bottom Specimens. — R. P. BIGELOW. The Stomatopods. ' eS X10 The cr O. CARLGREN. The Actinaria. HARRIET RICH ARDSON. ; “a W.R.COE. The Nemerteans, W.E. RITTER. IV The Tunicat L. J. COLE. XIX.19 The Pycnogonida, ALICE ROBERTSON. Th W.H.DALL, XIV.4 The Mollusks. B. L. ROBINSON. The Plants. C. R. EASTMAN. VII? The Sharks’ | S.F. CLARKE. VIII’ The Hydriods. iaapens: | G.O.SARS. The Copepods.. Teeth. . 11 B.W.EVERMANN. TheFishe | ** ee ee XE he ae ' W. G. FARLOW. The Algae. H. R. SIMROTH. The Pteropod S. GARMAN..: XII.2 The Reptiles az. Heteropods. — _H.J.HANSEN. The Cirripeds. H. J. HANSEN. The Schizopods. S. HENSHAW. The Insects. W.E. HOYLE. The Cephalopods. C. A. KOFOID. III.2 I1X.9 XX The Pro- | R. Aeon XVII. rd tozoa. : phipods. ys P. KRUMBACH. The Sagittae. — W. McM. WOODWORTH. ‘The. E.C.STARKS. XIII. oe , 1 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. XLVI., No. 4, April, 1905, 22 pp. 2 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. XLVI., No. 6, July, 1905, 4 pp., 1 pl. PytS ae 3 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. XLVI., No. 9, September, 1905,5 pp.,1 pl = 4 Bull. M.C. Z., Vol. XLVI., No. 13, January, 1906, 22-pp.,3 pls; 5 Mem. M.C. Z., Vol. XXXIII., January, 1906, 90 pp., 96 pls. bac eteneee 6 Bull. M.C. Z., Vol. L., No. 3, August; 1906,14pp.,10 pls. 7 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. L., No. 4. November, 1906, 26 pp.,4 pls. 8 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol: XXXYV., No. 1, February, 1907, 20 pp., 15 pls. | 20 Bull. ® Bull. M.C. Z., Vol. L., No. 6, February, 1907, 48. PP. 18 pls. 10 Mem. M. CG. Z., Vol. XX XV., No. 2, August, 1907, 56 pp., eg 11 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LI., No. 6, November, 1907, 22 pp., 1 pl. 12 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LII., No. 1, June, 1908, 14 pp., 1 9) re ee 8 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LII., No 2, July, 1908, 8 pp. 5 pls; 14 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. XLIII., No. 6, October, 1908, 285 pp., 22 pls. 15 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LII., No. 5, October, 1908, 11 pp., 2 pls. SOFC 1 PaEeS 16 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XX XVII, February, 1909, 243 pp., 48 pls) Sh ee Pere 17 Mem. M, C. Z., Vol. XXXVIIL, No. 1, June, 1909, 172. PP.» 5 pls., eae 8 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LII., No. 9, June, 1909, 26 pp., 8 pls. 19 Bull. M.C. Z., Vol. LII., No. 11, August, 1909, 10 pp., par Ett M. C. Z., Vol. LII., No. 13, September, 1909, cag eee ; ' ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CURATOR OF THE USEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY AT HARVARD COLLEGE TO THE R SIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE FOR 1908-1909. -CAMBRIDGE, U. S. A.: PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM. 1909. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. HENRY P. WALCOTT. SAMUEL HENSHAW, Curator. Committee on the Museum. HENRY P. WALCOTT. SAMUEL HENSHAW WALTER FAXON SAMUEL GARMAN WILLIAM BREWSTER . W. McM. WOODWORTH CHARLES R. EASTMAN OUTRAM BANGS HUBERT L. CLARK HENRY B. BIGELOW ROBERT W. SAYLES FRANCES M. SLACK . MAGNUS WESTERGREN GEORGE NELSON WILLIAM M. DAVIS EDWARD L. MARK . GEORGE H. PARKER WILLIAM E. CASTLE WILLIAM M. WHEELER ROBERT DreC. WARD HERBERT W. RAND JAY B. WOODWORTH . DOUGLAS W. JOHNSON Instructors and Assistants in the Daboratories o Zooslogy and Geology. . C. T. BRUES F. H. LAHEE : SERGIUS MORGULIS JOHN DETLEFSEN E. C. DAY KE A. BOYDEN Ss. I. KORNHAUSER . W. P.. AYN SEDGWICK SMITH B. M. VARNEY W. G. REED, JR. . Faculty. ABBOTT LAWRENCE LOWELL, President. GEORGE L. GOODALE. Officers. ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, Secretary. GEORGE L. GOODALE. Curator. 4 Assistant in Charge of Crustacea and Mollusca. : Assistant in Herpetology and Ichthyology Assistant in Charge of Birds. Assistant in Charge of Worms. Assistant in Vertebrate Palaeontology. Assistant in Charge of Mammals. Assistant in Invertebrate Zoélogy. Assistant in Invertebrate Zoélogy. . Assistant in Charge of the Geological (Exhibition) Collections. Tibrarian Emerita. Artist. Preparator. Sturgis Hooper Professor of Geology. Hersey Professor of Anatomy. Professor of Zodlogy. Professor of Zodlogy. Professor of Economic Entomology. Assistant Professor of Climatology. Assistant Professor of Zodlogy. Assistant Professor of Geology. Assistant Professor of Physiography. Instructor in Economic Entomology. — Instructor in Geology. Austin Teaching Fellow in Zoédlogy. — Austin Teaching Fellow in Zodlogy. Austin Teaching Fellow in Zodélogy. — Assistant in Zodlogy. Assistant in Zoology. Assistant in Geology. Assistant in Geology. Assistant in Meteorology. Assistant in Physiography. REPORT. To THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE :— During the. Academic year 1908-1909 seventeen courses in Zoblogy were given by Professors Mark, Parker, Wheeler, Castle, Jackson, Rand, and Mr. Hayhurst to two hundred and thirty-seven students in Harvard University, and five courses were given to eighteen students of Radcliffe College. The number of courses and of students in 1907-1908 was:— Harvard, thirteen courses, two hundred and twenty-four students; Radcliffe, nine courses, thirty-nine students. Messrs. E. A. Boyden, E. D. Congdon, John Detlefsen, G. T. Hargitt, F. H. _ Lahee, J. W. Mavor, S. C. Palmer, A. P. Romine, and P. H. _ Timberlake assisted in the University courses and Messrs. Cong- _ don and Palmer in the courses given in Radcliffe College. _ The Virginia Barret Gibbs Scholarship was held by Mr. J. W. Mavor. The income of the Humboldt Fund aided six students, two at Woods Hole, three at the Bermuda Station for Research, and one at the Museum in Cambridge. Professors Wolff, Jackson, Rotch, Ward, Palache, Woodworth, _ Johnson, and Dr. Mansfield assisted by Messrs. J. W. Eggleston, » W. P. Haynes, J. E. Hyde, F. H. Lahee, W. G. Reed, Jr., and B. _ M. Varney gave the instruction in the Department of Geology and _ Geography. Nineteen courses were taken by three hundred and nine students in Harvard University and two courses were taken by twelve students of Radcliffe College. In 1907-1908 the number of courses and of students was: — Harvard, nineteen courses, three hundred and sixty-nine students; Radcliffe, three courses, twelve students. The income of the Josiah Dwight Whitney Scholarship Fund was shared by Messrs. C. 'T. Brodrick and F. H. Lahee. In the establishment of a Seismographic Station, noted last year ~ and upon which Professor Woodworth presents a first annual re- _ port, the Department of Geology acquires adequate equipment for a line of investigation of scientific and practical import. ‘fe 7 : j 4 * 4 4 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE The additions to the collections, both to the research series and to those on exhibition in which there is a more general public inter- est, have been many and important. Of these additions mention should first be made of the E. A. and O. Bangs collection of birds. This large series of nearly twenty-four thousand skins contains about two hundred types, is authentically named, and is in a , ‘ : . beautiful state of preservation. It is given without restrictions by Messrs. John E. Thayer and Outram Bangs. Since 1900, when the Museum acquired the E. A. and O. Bangs collection of mam- — mals, the energies and resources of Messrs. Thayer and Bangs ~ have been bent towards the systematic study of Nearctic and — Neotropical birds, and the result of their efforts now in large part so generously added to the Museum’s stores places the ornitho- — logical department among the most important in America. It is also to be noted that with this acquisition Mr. Bangs’s scientific interests become wholly a Museum asset. The indebtedness of the Museum to Mr. Thayer is expressed in part only by the above acknowledgment concerning the Bangs Collection, for he has this year also given, in addition to a number of mounted birds, some interesting albinos, a considerable series of © mammals, birds, and reptiles from Lower California, a large and — an especially desirable collection of vertebrates and insects from central and western China. In the interests of science Mr. Thayer arranged that Mr. W. R. Zappey should accompany Mr. E. H. Wilson on the expedition sent out by the Arnold Arboretum to — China. Mr. Zappey’s skill and industry are well shown in the ~ series, seven or eight thousand specimens, of mammals, birds, rep- — tiles, amphibians, fishes, and insects now stored in the Museum. Though most of this collection is research material, it contains ~ among others a fine skin of the Bhutan Takin which Mr. Nelson is preparing for exhibition. Shortly before his death, the late Dr. Selah Merrill expressed the — wish that the collection of mammals and birds which he had brought : together during his many years residence in Palestine might be | acquired by the Museum. Dr. Merrill’s terms, which were so | liberal that the collection is in reality a gift, were readily assented — to by Mrs. Merrill, to whom acknowledgment is also due for so | large and valuable an accession from a locality of exceptional interest. : MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 5 To Miss Cornelia Prime the Museum owes the copper plates _and original blocks, together with other conchological memorabila, both published and in manuscript, relating to the Corbiculidae that were utilized in the work of her brother, the late Mr. Temple Prime. Mr. Prime was for many years an authority on this - family of fresh-water shells and gave his valuable collection of the _ same to the Museum in 1875. Two large rail cases have been added to one of the exhibition galleries for the display of a collection of butterflies and moths. _ This attractive series of over five hundred specimens is the generous | gift of Mr. John L. Gardner. It includes many species of great beauty and rarity from tropical America, Africa, India, Australia, _and the East Indies, but comparatively few of the common and _ well-known species of North America and Europe. All the speci- “mens are mounted with the well-recognized skill of the Denton Brothers, and since placed on exhibition, have added largely to the instruction and pleasure of visitors to the Museum. To Mr. Agassiz the Museum is indebted for a series of corals from the elevated reef of Mombassa and the adjacent coast of British East Africa, and for an exceptionally large and fine speci- men of the precious coral of commerce. Mr. Thomas Barbour’s appointment as one of the delegates to represent Harvard University at the Pan-American Scientific Con- gress held in Santiago, Chile, gave him opportunities which were eagerly seized to collect in several parts of South America, in Cuba, and in Jamaica. From the latter, he amassed a large, and in view of the changes now taking place in the fauna of that island, an especially desirable series of reptiles, of amphibians, and of two forms of Peripatus. Among other specimens received from him, three examples of the rare monotreme, Proechidna, from New : Guinea, and six mounted Hedgehogs, Erinaceus europaeus, are noteworthy. To the New York Zodlogical Society, to its Director, Dr. W. T. ‘Hornaday, and to its Curator of Reptiles, Mr. R. L. Ditmars, the Museum can but repeat an annual expression of thanks; the “specimens received from this source as mounted by Mr. Nelson, have made the exhibition collections of reptiles of marked interest and attractiveness. To the U. S. National Museum the Museum is indebted for a 6 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE first series of the duplicates of the Mollusca and Brachiopoda of the Albatross expeditions of 1891, and 1904-1905, and also for a similar set of Pacific sponges identified by Dr. Robert von Len- denfeld. Additional specimens of Icelandic birds and of birds’ eggs, the — generous gift of Messrs. Hastings and de Milhau, have been re- ceived; the specimens on exhibition number sixty-seven, all modern and most effective mounts. Dr. George W. Peckham, Mrs. Elizabeth G. Peckham, and — Mr. James H. Emerton have added to their previous valuable donations the type specimens of the species of spiders recently described by them. Dr. William Lord Smith has been good enough to send the Museum some interesting mammals and birds taken during a recent trip to Mexico, and it is largely to his initiative that the Museum will benefit from a similar expedition to British East — Africa undertaken in company with Dr. G. M. Allen and Mr. Gorham Brooks. 7 | The Museum is indebted to Dr. C. B. Davenport, and to Messrs. E. N. Fischer, J. W. Pierce, and J. D. Sornborger for specimens for its collection of domesticated animals, to Mr. J. F. Schindler for © corals and sponges, to Dr. R. T. Jackson for many desirable speci- mens both fossil and recent, and to Mrs. A. W. Boswick, Messrs. William Dirrett and W. C. Forbes, and to Drs. H. B. Bigelow, Theodore Lyman, and J. C. Phillips for specimens of mammals. | Collections of alcoholic fishes and of easts of fishes have been — long recognized as unsatisfactory for exhibition purposes, and have ~ been withdrawn in favor of mounted specimens as rapidly as pos- — sible. With the aid of a gift received from Mr. D. L. Pickman, — the collection of North American species has been increased and — all the specimens shown here, as well as many of those in other of the faunal collections and in the systematic collection, are recent — mounts by Mr. Sherman F. Denton. ; A few of the additions of especial interest or rarity to the collec- tions on exhibition may be noted :— An adult male and an adult female of the California Elephant Seal, Macrorhinus angustirostris from Guadalupe Island, was pur-— chased of Rowland Ward. This species, if not extinct, is at least on the verge of extermination, and while its fate is regrettable, the — MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. ri Museum is fortunate in securing such admirable specimens of a distinctly American mammal. ‘The male, Plate 1, is mounted alert, with elevated head and inflated trunk, and is so far as _ known the only one in America. The female, Plate 2, which is _ noticeably small in comparison with the male, is shown in a listless attitude with the head low. A portion of the skeleton of one of these specimens was also obtained. A fine adult male, with mounted skeleton, of the Pigmy Hippo- potamus, Hippopotamus liberiensis, from the Mauwa River, Libe- ria, was also purchased of Rowland Ward. The Manchurian Tiger given a few years ago by Mr. Agassiz is so excellent an example of modern taxidermy that a corresponding mount of the Bengal species was especially desirable. A wild male from Kuch Behar, northeastern India, was purchased of Rowland Ward; the skin is of fine color with brilliant markings, the pose and face suggest power and watchfulness rather than ageressiveness. Mr. Nelson has utilized his photographs of Solenodons from Santo Domingo and made two excellent mounts, one of which is in the systematic collection, and the other is for the West Indian faunal exhibit. An adult male of the Blue or Glacial Bear, Ursus emmonsi, from Mt. St. Elias, Alaska, has been added to the North American collection and a cast of the Australian Diprotodon australis purchased of the South Australian Museum has been acquired for exhibition among the specimens selected to illustrate the Tertiary period. The first instalment of an authentically named collection of Rotatoria, purchased of Mr. C. F. Rousselet, has been received, and several small collections of both vertebrates and invertebrates from Bermuda, Guatemala, Jamaica, and Nicaragua have been bought. The Actinaria collected during the explorations of the “Alba- tross” in 1891, and in 1904-1905, have been sent to Dr. O. Carlgren for study and report. The Reports of the Assistants of the Museum give the details of the work accomplished and of the additions received in their several departments during the year. The Museum is indebted to Messrs. Faxon, Brewster, Wood- worth, Bangs, Bigelow, and Sayles for the care they have continued 8 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE to take of the collections in their charge. It is also under obliga- tions to Miss E. B. Bryant for her interest in the collection of © t : : spiders upon which she has spent much time, and to Mr. Thomas : Barbour for his voluntary work upon the collections in Mr. Gar- — man’s charge. Mr. Nelson, in addition to much routine work incidental to his — position as Preparator, has spent considerable time in caring for the — Solenodons both living and dead, has mounted a number of mam- — mals, and of birds and birds’ nests for exhibition, and has con- tinued his successful work upon the Reptiles. His photographic and mechanical skill has been of distinct service. In a short trip to Florida he collected a series of specimens, chiefly snakes and — turtles, which are in preparation for exhibition. Dr. G. M. Allen has been employed for three days weekly for t ten months, and has completed the identification and rearrange- — ment of the osteological collection of mammals. He has made ~ some progress in the rearrangement of the skins of mammals and has begun a card catalogue of the same. He has also completed — an extended report on the Agouta, Solenodon paradoxus. In May he left Cambridge for British East Africa where he will spend sey- eral months collecting in the interests of the Museum. Mr. E. P. Van Duzee’s services were secured for two weeks, during which time he identified, labeled, and arranged a consider- ~ able part of the study series of Hemiptera. In a brief visit to Jamaica, undertaken at the request of Mr. Agassiz, Dr. H. L. Clark obtained in addition to a series of Echino- neus the special object of his search, a number of other echinoderms, as well as some crustaceans and fishes. The Library contains 45,655 volumes, and 41,808 pamphlets; 1,097 volumes, and 1,542 pamphlets have been added during the year. ‘The accessions include several hundred volumes of the Josiah Dwight Whitney books received from Miss Maria Whitney, and a large number of pamphlets, author’s sRpataiess relating to mammals, a gift of Mr. Outram Bangs. ‘The publications for the year include ten numbers of the Bulletin, — one volume and three numbers of the Memoirs, and the Annual — Report, a total of 1,151 (545 quarto and 606 octavo) pages, with 176 (122 quarto and 54 octavo) plates. The volume and two numbers of the Memoirs and four numbers of the Bulletin contain — Pa é hit Gter. > (Pas oe ie es ee eS aye ee. a oe a te MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 8) reports on the scientific results of the “Albatross” and of other expe- ditions maintained by Mr. Agassiz, and their publication as well as the Memoir on the Hawaiian and other Pacific Echini is due to Mr. Agassiz’s liberality. Two numbers of the Bulletin contain contributions from the Zoélogical Laboratory and four numbers of the Bulletin are based upon Museum collections. The Corporation has granted, as in recent years, the sum of $350.00 to assist in the publication of contributions from the Zoé- logical and Geological Labcratories. . SAMUEL HENSHAW. 10 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE ZOOLOGICAL LABORATORY. By E. L. Marx. Since the report for 1907-08 Dr. H. W. Rand has been pro- | moted (April 19, 1909) to be Assistant Professor of Zodlogy, and the — staff of instructors in the Department of Zodlogy has been increased by the appointment (October 12, 1908) of Mr. Paul Hayhurst as Instructor in Economic Entomology for one year from September 1, 1908. The first of the accompanying tables shows the number of students attending each of the courses in Zodlogy during the Academic year 1908-09. ‘The numbers printed in italics refer to students in the Lawrence Scientific School and in the Graduate School of Applied Science. The second table gives corresponding - information in regard to Radcliffe College. : TABLE I. Courses 1908-09 Grad. Sen. Jun. Soph. | Fresh. | Spee. Total Zodlogy 1 1 9 18 35 | 41 10 107 x =107 3 2 1 2 2 15 1 2 2d. 3. >= Den ¥) 3 5) 3 7, 4 i TG Sopa oe - + 5 8) 3 i 9S Se oe * 5a 6+1 1 1 d 9+ f= 19 - 7a 5 2 i == Nien ‘ 7b 5 2 1 Seam : 8 0 0) 1 1 EG - 9a 4+1 ye ee a . 11 4 2 6 7 0 2 21. ee = 14c o+1 3 i 9+1= 10 is 14d o+1 0 if 6+1= 7 ‘ 17 1 a: 2 = : 20a 3+1 3+1=>- 3 20b 1 1 == 4.7E a 20¢ 2 2° = ae ; 20d ) 1 1 2 eee Sums 563+6 | 26 34 63 42 14 ==2oL MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 11 TABLE II. Courses 1908-09 | Grad. Sen. | Jun. | Soph. | Fresh. Spee. Total | | Zodlogy 1 2 5 1 a] Poa “ 3 14 | | 1 Boia 4 LS) ie tes! a. ee) Sa in Fee Rae | am “* 20 2 | | 2 | i Sums | 2 6 Bil oet 1 1 18 | ! / The courses of instruction were considerably modified both by the withdrawal of courses formerly offered and by the addition of new ones. Zodlogy 10a (“Influences of the environment on animal form”) and 10b (“The nature and cause of sex’), which had been bracketed for 1907-08, were withdrawn by Pro- fessor Castle, who also withdrew Zoélogy 11b (“Natural history of the domesticated animals”), formerly given in the second half-year, and transferred Zodlogy lla to the second half-year. Professor Parker substituted for Zodlogy 13 and Zodlogy 14 (“Com- parative histology”), formerly given in alternation with each other, wo half-courses designated as 14a (“Sensory reactions of ani- © nervous tissues”). ‘These are likewise offered to alternate ith each other. The course for 1908-09 was ZoGdlogy 14c. He also changed the numbering of the courses 15 and 16 to 14b and 14d, respectively, and at the same time condensed the titles of the ourses without altering their scope. _ Of four new courses, two were offered by Professor Wheeler and Mr. Hayhurst (Zoélogy 7a, ‘Anatomy, development, and classi- fication of insects,” and Zodélogy 7b, “Habits and distribution of insects’’), one by Mr. Hayhurst (Zoédlogy 7c, “Common economic insects and methods of controlling them”), and one by Dr. Rand (Zodlogy 17. “Morphogenesis. The dynamics of development and growth”). Opportunity for “Research in economic entomel- ogy”? — as Zodlogy 20f — was offered by Professor Wheeler. In Zodlogy 1, given by Professor Parker, weekly tests were. sub- stituted for the November examination; but the results do not warrant the change. The laboratory exercises were considerably altgred, among other things a study in comparing the external 12 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE organs of two remotely related crustaceans being substituted for. one of the histological exercises. ‘The chief assistant in the course was Mr. G. T. Hargitt, and the sub-assistants were Messrs. J. W. Mavor, A. P. Romine, and P. H. Timberlake. The assistant in | charge of the laboratory work of the Radcliffe course was Mr. S. C. Palmer. 5 Zoblogy 2 was given by Professor Castle, who had as chief assis- tant Mr. J. Detlefsen, and as sub-assistant Mr. S. C. Palmer. In Zodlogy 3, conducted by Dr. Rand, the work of the first half-_ year was successfully completed by one student not appearing in ~ the summary of Table I, and the lectures were attended by yet another person. ‘The chief assistant in the course was Mr. E. A. Boyden, the sub-assistant, Mr. J. W. Mavor. ‘There was no assis- — tant in the Radcliffe course. The laboratory exercises in Zodlogy 4 were under the general — supervision of Dr. Rand, but Mr. E. D. Congdon had immediate charge of the work. ‘The lectures, by Professor Mark, and the laboratory work were substantially the same as in former years. Mr. Congdon also had charge of the laboratory work in the Radcliffe course. | The laboratory work in Zodlogy 5a Reh in addition to a — study of the ovary and ovogenesis of a mammal as in former years, a histological study of the testis of the white rat, and of certain stages in spermatogenesis. ‘The lectures were by Professor Mark, and the laboratory work was in charge of Mr. E. D. Congdon under the general supervision of Dr. Rand. Mr. Congdon also had charge of the Radcliffe laboratory. The lectures in Zoélogy 7a and Zoélogy 7b were-given by Pro- — fessor Wheeler at the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy in Cam-_ bridge; the laboratory and field exercises were conducted at the ; Bussey Institution, Jamaica Plain. In the latter work Professor — Wheeler had the assistance of Mr. Hayhurst. : Professor Jackson gave Zoélogy 8 and Zodlogy 9a, the latter — with the aid of an assistant, Mr. F. H. Lahee. The present equip- rt ment for instruction in Palaeontology is described on p. 22. The plan of assigning individual problems as the laboratory : work of Zodlogy 11 was abandoned by Professor Castle on account — of the increased enrollment in the course. For this, demonstrations, problems, and the study of prepared material in common were sub- stituted, written reports being required from time to time. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 13 Zoélogy 14c and 14d were conducted, as usual, by Professor Parker. The lectures in the latter course were attended by three graduates not enrolled in the course. Of the topics assigned for laboratory work in that course, two gave results that will be published. Two students worked upon the same subject in this course and in Zodlogy 20c. The lectures in Zodlogy 17, by Dr. Rand, were attended by one ‘student not enrolled in the course. While the lectures pursued in general the plan of Maas’s book, “Einfithrung in die experi- ‘mentelle entwickelungsgeschichte,” the subjects taken up were treated more broadly than in the text book and were not limited to those of the book. The special topics assigned for laboratory work gave results that will be offered for publication. Eleven graduate students were engaged in research, six under the direction of Professor Mark (Zodlogy 20a), one under Professor Jackson (Zoélogy 20b), two under Professor Parker (Zodlogy 20c), and two under Professor Castle (Zodlogy 20d). Of those enrolled in Zoélogy 20a, two were students in Radcliffe College and will ontinue their work the coming year; two presented theses for the doctor’s degree, and received the degree of Ph.D. ‘The thesis of E. D. Congdon was entitled “Studies of the effects of alpha, beta, and gamma rays of radium upon the growth, structure, and pigment- migration of animals,” that of G. 'T. Hargitt “ Maturation, fertili- zation, and segmentation of Pennaria tiarella (Ayres) and of Tubu- laria crocea (Aqg.).” ‘The thesis of J. A. Cushman, prepared under Professor Jackson in course 20b, was on “The phylogeny of the Miliolidae.” Mr. Cushman also received the degree of Ph.D. Three students received aid from the income of the Humboldt Fund to the amount of $170. while working at the Bermuda Sta- tion, and two received $65. while working at the Laboratory of U.S. Bureau of Fisheries at Woods Hole. Professor Mark has received additional grants from the Carnegie Institution of Washington to aid in his researches. He spent the ‘summer in visiting most of the biological stations of northern ‘Europe; and as delegate of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences attended in June the Darwin celebration in Cambridge, England. As guest of the University of Leipzig, he also attended, at the end of July, the celebration of the five hundredth anni- versary of the founding of that University. He was also received 14 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE as guest at the eighth meeting of the “Conseil permanent inter- national pour |’exploration de la mer” in Copenhagen. Owing ™ to his absence from the country, the Bermuda Biological Station for Research was conducted by Dr. F. W. Garpenter, who we appointed by the Corporation, Director for the summer. ‘The Station was opened on June 17, and closed on August 14. Ther :| were nine students enrolled; of these, two were holders of the © Harvard Ph.D., two were at the time students in this Universitgil and two were prospective students here. Professor Parker spent the last week in March at the University — are being published in Popular Science Monthly. i During the autumn of 1908 Professor Wheeler supervised the collections of economic insects and carried on experiments deal with the effects of heat and cold on the development and color history of plant-lice (Aphididae) and the Hessian fly. In his research work Professor Castle had the coédperation of of Illinois, where he gave a series of lectures on “The origin of the ~ equipment of the entomological laboratory at the Bussey Institu- patterns of moths and butterflies, and Mr. Hayhurst, besides assist- : : 5 Research Fellow, Dr. J. C. Phillips, whose surgical training was | S| q i a 4 e- nervous system and its appropriation of effectors.”’ ‘These lectures tion. His assistant, Mr. Reiff, laid the foundation for the Bussey ing in Zodlogy 7a and 7b, devoted himself to studies on the life- essential in some of the experiments undertaken by them. ‘The Laboratory has acquired two projection lanterns with attach ments which allow them to be used in a variety of ways; to produce 7 “dissolving views” when employed together, to reflect the image of opaque objects, to project animals living in water, and also — microscopic objects. The Zodlogical Club held twenty-three meetings, at which the . | were presented twenty-five original papers, and twenty-seven — reviews of papers. The average attendance was over sixteen... A: usual the subjects presented were announced in the University — Gazette. > 3 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 15 Pusuications. AvueusTt 1, 1908—Juty 31, 1909. Contributions from the Zodlogical Laboratory. Esterty, C. O.— The light recipient organs of the copepod, Eucalanus elongatus. Bull. M.C.Z., October, 1908, vol. 53, p. 1-56, 6 pls. Davis, H. S.— Spermatogenesis in Acrididae and Locustidae. Bull. M.C. Z., December, 1908, vol. 53, p. 57-158, 9 pls. Howarp, A. D.— The visual cells in vertebrates, chiefly in Necturus maculosus. Journ. morph., December, 1908, vol. 19, p. 561-631, 5 pls. CastLE, W. E.— in collaboration with H. E. Walter, R. C. Mullenix, and S. Cobb. Studies of inheritance in rabbits. Publ. 114 Carnegie inst. Washington, June, 1909, p. 1-70, 4 pls. Contributions from the Bermuda Biological Station for Research. 13. Coxe, J. F.— Magnetic declination: and latitude observations | in the Bermudas. Terrestrial magnetism & atmospheric , electricity, J une, [August], 1908, vol. 13, p. 49-56, 1 chart. 14. Moreuuis, S.— The effect of alkaloids on the early develop- ¥ ment of Toxopneustes variegatus. Proc. Amer. acad. arts & scv., November, 1908, vol. 44, p. 131-146. 15. Moreuuis, S.— Regeneration in the brittle-star, Ophiocoma pumla, with reference to the influence of the nervous system. Proc. Amer. acad. arts. & sci., May, 1909, vol. 44, p. 653- 660, 1 pl. Contributions from the Entomological Laboratory of the Bussey Institution. _ 2. WHEELER, W. M.—A decade of North American Formicidae. . Journ. N. Y. eni soc., June, 1909, vol. 17, p- 77-90. 3. Haynurst, P.— Aphid technique. Ent. news, June, 1909, vol. 20, p. 255-260. 4, Haynurst, P.— Quack grass (Agropyron) a host of the Hessian fly. Journ. econ. ent., June, 1909, vol. 2, p. 231-234. _ 5. Haynurst, P.— Observations on a gall aphid (A phis atriplicis L.). Ann. Ent. soc. Amer., 1909, vol. 2, p. 88-99, 1 pl. 16 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Sale Me P Other Publications. CastLr, W. E.— A Mendelian view of sex-heredity. Science, 5 Marchi 1909, new ser., vol. 29, p. 395-400. | The behavior of unit characters in heredity. Fzfty years oft i Darwinism, New York, Henry Holt & Co., 1909, p. 143-159. — Parker, G. H.— The origin of the lateral eyes of vertebrates. Amer. nat., September, 1908, vol. 42, p. 601-609. A mechanism for organic correlation. Amer. nat., April, 1909, — vol. 43, p. 212-218. 3 The origin of the nervous system and its appropriation of effectors. _ 1. Independent effectors. Pop. scr. month., July 1909, vol. 75, — p. 56-64. [To be continued.] o] Ranp, H. W. (Translator).— The relations of comparative anatomy ¢ to comparative psychology. By L. Edinger. Journ. comp. neur. & psych., November, 1908, vol. 18, p. 437-458. . MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 17 REPORT OF THE STURGIS HOOPER PROFESSOR OF GEOLOGY. By WiuuraMmM M. Davis. Following close upon the geographical excursion in northern Italy and southeastern France, as reported last year, came the service as visiting professor at the University of Berlin for the winter semester (November—March), 1908-09; but between these larger obligations there were several smaller duties, namely, attend- ance at the International Geographical Congress, held at Geneva, where I served as presiding officer in the section on education; participation in the Oxford Summer School of Geography, where several lectures on the eastern United States were given; guidance of an excursion in the Snowdon district of North Wales, in which several members of the Oxford Summer School took part; attend- ance at the meeting of the British Association in Dublin, where I gave an evening lecture on the Colorado canyon, illustrated with lantern slides from our Gardner collection of photographs; and at the meeting of German Naturalists and Physicians in Cologne, where the same lecture was repeated in German. It may be noted that this lecture seemed to be attractive to European audiences as, in addition to its delivery in Dublin and Cologne, it was given in German before the geographical societies of Berlin, Leipzig, and Greifswald, and in English before those of London and Edinburgh; and that on account of the pressure of other work it was necessary to decline invitations that would have resulted in delivering the lecture in Vienna, Stuttgart, Halle, Kiel, Stockholm, Cambridge, Oxford, and Glasgow. The month of October. was spent in Marburg, writing lectures to be delivered in the winter. Berlin was reached at the end of October, and work at the University entered upon as follows:— _ Two courses of lectures were given, one on the Systematic descrip- tion of land forms (in German), two hours a week; one on the Physical features of the United States (in English), two hours a week; the Geographical Colloquium was, in the absence of Geheim- rat Penck, placed in my charge and occupied by reports from students and discussions; and in addition to these regular appoint- ‘ments there were many hours given to informal conferences with 18 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE students. ‘The Christmas holidays were spent on the Italian Riviera, where studies of coast forms were continued from the — beginning made in the previous summer. The last week of the semester was given to an excursion, in which some twenty members — took part, including teachers from the Universities of Berlin, Géttin- gen, Heidelberg, Greifswald, and Utrecht, and during which visits” | were made to the Mesozoic escarpment near Sondershausen, the — valley of the Werra and the neighboring lava-capped table-moun- tain known-as the Meissner, the Géttingerwald, and the synclinal — hill-group near Alfeld. During the homeward journey a short stay was made in London, where I spoke before the research section of the Royal Geographical Society on the Systematic description of land forms, and before _ the Geological Society on Glacial erosion in the Snowdon District. — My arrival in Cambridge, April 15, was too late in the second half year for me to take much part in systematic instruction. Since. then my chief work has been the revision of the Berlin lectures on Land forms, with a view to their publication during the coming — year. In connection with a business trip to Montana in the summer, I took opportunity of making a twelve-day excursion to south- — eastern Alaska; and although observations of the mountainous — coast were made only from the deck of the passing steamer they served well in giving an idea of the prevalent land forms, especially — with regard to the amount of glacial erosion that they have suffered. _ PusuicatTions. August 1, 1908—JuLy 31, 1909. Der grosse canyon des Colorado. Verhandl. gesellsch. deutsch. — naturf. u. Aerzte, 1908, [1909], vol. 80, p. 157-169. Zeitschr. — gesellsch. fiir erdkunde zu Berlin, 1909, p. 164-172. ; The prairies of North America. Intern. wochenschr., 8, 15 August, — 1908, vol. 2, p. 1011-1018; 1045-1050. k Die methoden der Amerikanischen geographischen forschung. Intern. wochenschr., 14 November, 1908, vol. 2, p. 1451-1458. Berliner _ akad. nachrichten, 1908, vol. 3. 3 The Rocky mountains. Intern. wochenschr., 3 April, 1909, vol. 3, p. 425-439. 7 The Colorado canyon — some of its lessons. Geogr. journ., May, — 1909, vol. 33, p. 585-539. Bull. Amer. geogr. soc., June, 1909, vol. 41, p. 345-354. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 19 REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND j GEOGRAPHY. By Rosert DEC. Warp. _ The following table gives a condensed summary of the courses offered during the year 1908-09, and also the numbers and the classification of the students enrolled in each course :— Harvard College L. S. S.| Radcliffe.t Graduate Courses | Reg. Spec. School.¢ 14+1= 0+0= 79+13= 92 eG id= 44 -f on | onoococeo 183 + 830=213 Advanced 62 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Graduate 20a 20c 20e 20f oloocce & | ole BO 9+1=10 236+ 30=266 | +5 (12) 29+ 9=38 309 To these numbers there should be added twelve students who were enrolled in Mining 28 2hf, a course given in the Geological ~ Museum. + Separate classes, not counted in totals. t The first column refers to Arts and Sciences, the second to Applied Science. 20 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Professor Davis was absent during the first half-year and a part of the second, as Exchange Professor at the University of Berlin, and Professor Woodworth was absent during the first half-year, in charge of the Shaler Memorial Expedition. Professor Davis’s _ late return (April, 1909) necessitated the withdrawal of Geology 7 2hf, a course announced for the second half-year, and emphasized the fact that the absence of members of the teaching staff for part — of the year, as Exchange Professors, may seriously handicap the : Departments, however advantageous in other ways. Geology 18 (Economic geology of the non-metalliferous sub= stances), formerly given by Professor H. LL. Smyth, was rearranged _ and given ‘as a half-course during the first half-year by Professors Wolff, Woodworth, and Palache. In Professor Woodworth’s — ‘absence, Geology 4 1hf was given by Professor Wolff, and Geology — 8 1hf by Dr. G. R. Mansfield. Dr. Mansfield resigned his position as Instructor at the end of the first half-year, to accept an Assis- _ tant Professorship of Geology at Northwestern University. ‘The Department has been greatly strengthened by the addition to its” staff of Professor A..Lawrence Rotch. Professor. Rotch’s course of research in meteorology (Geology 20f/) is given at Blue Hill — Observatory, and the resources of this splendidly equipped meteor- — ological observatory have thus become available for the use of — properly qualified students. ‘The instruction in meteorology and climatology is now much more complete and better systematized than ever before. Details regarding the courses of instruction will be found in the q accompanying reports of the Departmental staff. Messrs. J. W. — Eggleston, J. E. Hyde, W. P. Haynes, F. H. Lahee, W. G. Reed, Jr., — and B. M. Varney were assistants during the year. The permanent maintenance of a summer course in reotogicalll field work in the Rocky Mountains is a matter of great importance, and a considerable share of the funds of the Department has lately been devoted to the support of this course. It is, therefore, — with peculiar satisfaction that the Chairman reports that the Uni- _ versity has received an anonymous gift of $5,000. to establish a fund, the annual income of which is to be used for the support of 4 a summer field course in structural or stratigraphical geology, conducted preferably in the mountain region of western North America, for the benefit of students who have an elementary MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. yA mowledge of the subject. Ordinarily, the income of any given ear is to be used for paying the salary and expenses of the instructor n charge of the course. Any unused part of the income is to be available, on the recommendation of the Geological Department, for defraying the travelling expenses of any student or students who may need such help for the taking of the course. If no student is in actual need of money for his expenses in such a course, the unused part of the income is to be given to a meritorious student fo meet the expenses of research work in geology, geomorphology, palaeontology, petrography, or genetic mineralogy, under the supervision of the appropriate department of the University. ‘This gift puts this summer course on a permanent basis, and releases the funds which have lately been devoted to its maintenance. _ The seismograph, the installation of which was noted in last year’s report, has been in operation during the year. A special report upon the seismographic station, prepared by Professor Woodworth, who has charge of it, is printed on p. 28-32. The Shaler Memorial Expedition to South America was brought to a successful conclusion in January, 1909, and a brief report upon it will be found on p. 23-24. The Geological Conference was maintained as in previous years. Papers on a large number of subjects of general interest were pre- sented by instructors and students. Mr. George M. Flint has continued to render extremely satisfactory service as laboratory assistant, and has done a large amount of work upon the Gardner Collection of photographs and lantern slides under the general charge of Mr. R. W. Sayles, who acted as Curator. The card catalogue has been completed. Meteorological slides, to the num- b er of 217, and South American slides to the number of 116, selected for the collection by Professor Ward, have been numbered, labeled, and catalogued. About 100 new slides of European views have been similarly treated. Photographs of meteorological sub- je ts, to the number of 198, have been numbered, labeled, and catalogued. Folders for storing them were purchased, and these photographs are now in standard order. Sets of upwards of 40 each, of Scandinavian and Italian views, were selected by Mr. Sayles for exhibition in the Geological Museum. The state of the Gardner Collection on July 1, 1909, is shown in the subjoined table :— ANNUAL REPORT OF THE bo bo State of Collection, July 1. Photographs. | Slides. | Negatives. Accessions since last report 30 110% 38 | Unidentified views 253 0 0 Duplicates 144 0 0 _ Broken 0 2 0 Condemned 0 2 0 Condemned (as shown by catalogues) since beginning of collection 59 0 | Last accession number 5984 5585 0 | Number now in collection 5902 5579 na | Number card catalogued 0 5579 The sub-committee on the Josiah Dwight Whitney Scholarship — reports that two scholarships were assigned during the summer | of 1909, one of $200. to Mr. C. 'T. Brodrick for field work in the — Canadian Rockies, and one of $100. to Mr. F. H. Lahee, for field — work in Rhode Island. : The following abstracts of reports give details concerning the — courses, and the condition of the laboratories. Professor Rotch reports that Mr. A. H. Palmer, prepared a thesis — on ‘Wind velocity and direction in ‘the upper air,” and has be- — come a regular member of the staff of the Blue Hill Observatory. Professor Jackson reports that three storage cases were built, — that the equipment and collections for teaching Palaeontology are : in excellent condition, and were obtained from the following sources: — Material deposited by the Museum of Comparative Zoology, by — the late N. S. Shaler, by R. T. Jackson and by other officers of the department, also gifts from students and others; there is also a material purchased from the annual allotments of the Geological — and the Zoélogical departments. From the Zoélogical allotments _ two microscopes, 60 photographic diagrams, 55 catalogued lots fl of Cretaceous and Tertiary Foraminifera, 10 Beecher models of — Brachiopoda, 4 models of fossil Crustacea, and 23 specimens of fossil vertebrates have been purchased. ‘There are five Bausch and ~ Lomb microscopes, and 402 diagrams, including a set of Zittel’s — charts and many enlarged photographic diagrams. The collections — include 5,050 catalogued lots of fossils, illustrative recent material, — | and lithological material. In addition there is a considerable amount _ of uncatalogued material available for special study or exchange. | Dr. Jackson devoted his spare time to a monograph on Echini. 1 Of these 59 have been assigned new numbers and 51 are the numbers of condemned slides. The difference between the ‘‘number now in collection” and ‘‘last accession | number” is balanced by six unused numbers of condemned slides. ‘ MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 92 Professor Ward gave courses B, 1, 2, 19, and 20e, as in the previ- ous year. Much time was spent in extending, reclassifying, and _ labeling the collection of meteorological lantern slides and photo- graphs. ‘These are in excellent condition. Somewhat over 100 slides were purchased, to form part of the teaching materials in _ Geology 2 (Geography of South America). ‘Two large charts of the pressures and generalized winds of the world, and a number of photographic enlargements, have been added. In the advanced course (Geology 20e) the subjects investigated by students included a reduction of the temperature data of Boston for the period 1871- 1908; a revision of the rainfall types of South America; the prac- tical application of the cyclonic unit in climatological tabulations; _ the conditions of occurrence of cold waves; the meteorological controls of the seismograph tracings. In connection with his work on the temperature data of Boston, Mr. Andrew H. Palmer, a graduate student of meteorology and climatology, laid out the plan for, and supervised the construction of, a plaster of Paris model showing the mean hourly temperatures for each month for Boston, on the basis of 38 years’ observations. ‘This model is - unique of its kind, and will be placed in the Geological Museum. _ It was constructed with the aid of a grant from the income of the Sayles (Geological Museum) Fund. Professor Ward gave a public lecture at Columbia University, March 2, 1909, on “Climate in some of itsrelations to man.” During the year the laboratory was critically inspected by Mr. A. B. Wiggin, Assistant Director of the _ Argentine Meteorological Office. Professor Woodworth reports that he was in charge of the Shaler Memorial Expedition in South America during the first half-year. He spent the time from the 8th of July to the latter part of No- vember in the states of Sao Paulo, Parand, and Santa Catharina, in the examination of the boulder-bearing beds occurring just below the Permian plant horizons. From Rio de Janeiro he pro- ceeded via the Straits of Magellan to Taleahuano on the west coast of Chile, making a study of changes of shore-line, particularly about Concepcion and Corral. While in Chile he attended the Pan-American Congress as a delegate from the University, and served on the board of the Association of American Universities. In Brazil Professor Woodworth was very substantially aided by the government through the Director of the Geological and Minera- 24 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE logical Service, Dr. Orville A. Derby, without whose numerous kind attentions it would have been impossible to find, in so short a time, the most profitable localities for the prosecution of his work. Thanks are also due to Dr. Eusebio Paulo Oliveiro, a geologist — attached to the service, whose personal information and skillful guidance in the field contributed to the success of the work in hand. To Mr. Frank Egan, General Superintendent of the Sorocabana — Railway, the Expedition was under great obligations and was also indebted to Dr. Pacheco of the “Commissao geographica e geolo- gica do Estado de Sao Paulo” who by permission of the Director, — Dr. Ioa0 Pedro Cardoso, aided in making a geological section from - Itaicy to Piracicaba. ‘Thanks are especially due to the Chilean Minister of Railways, who granted transportation facilities, and to Colonel Gorgas for courtesies shown in the Canal Zone. Some study of earthquake effects was made in Valparaiso and at King- ston, Jamaica. Professor Woodworth in the second half-year gave Course 5 as usual, with the aid of Mr. Lahee and others in the field work; courses 16 and 12, and also supervised the work of five students in Course 20c, viz., Mr. H. C. Durrell, who worked on the geological structure of the Cretaceous section at Mekoniky, Martha’s Vine- yard; Mr. W. P. Haynes, who prepared a report on the geology of South Brazil, including observations made while a member of the Shaler Memorial Expedition; Mr. W. G. Reed, Jr., who prepared, partly under the direction of Professor Davis, a paper on the physi- ography of the Sao Paulo region in Brazil; Mr. Edward Wiggles- worth, who prepared a brief paper on the present knowledge of the occurrence of earthquakes in New England. in relation to the geo- logical structure, with especial reference to the postglacially faulted slate belts; Mr. G. C. Curtis wrote a detailed description of the coral island of Bora Bora based on personal observations. ‘The greater part of this work consisted in conferences designed to ascer- tain that the students brought to use the materials which they had gathered, and that they expressed themselves clearly with regard to their observations and conclusions. ‘The courses ordinarily offered in geology to Radcliffe students were withdrawn for the year, | There have been added to the teaching collections some rocks and fossils collected in Montana in 1908 by Dr. Mansfield; and i a 4 ~*~ specimens, gifts of Mr. H. C. Durrell, of Cambridge, and of | MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 25 Mr. Sayles; also a small collection of rocks from southern Brazil collected by J. B. Woodworth. Professor Woodworth gave illustrated lectures on certain general aspects of his South American voyage before the Unitarian Club of Watertown and the Boston Society of Natural History. He remained in Cambridge during the vacation in order to devote himself to the working up of his materials and the writing of reports. At the same time he conducted by personal conference and field inspections where conveniently near Cambridge a course of research in glacial geology and shore-line phenomena. Mr. John H. Cook of Albany, as a member of this course (S20c), made a detailed map of the drift deposits in the Charles river valley on the western border of the Boston quadrangle, definitely determin- ing the glacial stream channel now followed in part by Cheese Cake Creek. Mr. W. P. Haynes mapped deposits on the southern border of the same quadrangle, while Mr. H. C. Durrell searched the coast of Maine for the upper marine postglacial limit. While in Santiago, Chile, Professor Woodworth, through the courtesy of Count Montessus de Ballore, inspected the observatory at that time in process of construction and installation near that city. _ Professor Johnson reports that he gave courses A, C, 6, and 9 and, in the absence of Professor Davis, conducted course 20a. In the latter course four students prepared papers on the following topics :— The development of Winthrop Beach and its vicinity; the physiography of the Plum Island district; an experimental study of the physical conditions producing folded cross-bedding in rocks; the physical and economic geography of Canada. Geology 9 (Geographic influences in North America) was given for the first time. The equipment of the geographical laboratory has been augmented by the purchase of a rack for displaying mounted photo- graphs used in laboratory exercises; two atlases; a number of large wall maps and charts; numerous topographic sheets, geo- logic folios, lantern slides, and photographs. Messrs. Basil Gavin _and Johnson presented a series of photographs of European land forms. | On August 25-28 Professor Johnson gave four lectures on the “Geography of the western United States” before the Vacation School of Geography at Oxford. During the winter he com- pleted editorial work on a volume of Davis’s Geographical essays; 26 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE continued a revision of certain physiographic articles for the En-_ cyclopaedia Britannica, and devoted some time to the preparation of a laboratory guide to map drawing, for use in elementary schools. Professor Johnson lectured on “The Physical history of the Grand Cafion District”? before the Appalachian Mountain Club; con- ducted a course of fifteen lectures and laboratory exercises on Economic Geography under the auspices of the Teachers’ School. of Science, Boston, before a class of about 150 teachers, and gave three other public lectures. He studied the folds and the drainage history of the Allegheny Mountains of West Virginia. Dr. Mansfield reports that he gave courses 12 and Mining 28, and in the absence of Professor Woodworth conducted course 8. In course 12 the students made studies of the sedimentary and igneous rocks between Walpole and Sharon, and of the structural relations of the sediments and melaphyres northwest of Hingham. In Mining 28 the students were assigned areas in portions of the sedi- mentary district near Boston. From June, 1908, until February, 1909, Dr. Mansfield had charge of the seismograph. During six weeks of the summer he conducted the field course in geology in Montana. Eight students representing six different institutions, and including the following universities: Chicago, Wisconsin, North Carolina, Northwestern, and Colgate, were enrolled in the course. | The party travelled on foot, and had two wagons to carry the outfit. A circuit of about 400 miles was completed, including portions of the Gallatin, Madison, and Jefferson ranges, with inter- vening valleys. Geological studies were made en route, and of . five localities special reports with maps and sections were required. In the evenings there were frequent lectures on historical geology, — and at the end of the course a written examination was given. Representatives of nearly all the great geological periods were studied, together with a considerable variety of igneous and meta- morphic rocks. Interesting structural and physiographic features were also noted. . al gah bite it. te ethan tele NOE EAL PALAIS TE aa hc shensaicaen } Vintaienn badniieeasiinat ites tn tein anne —_ a Pusuications. AucGust 1, 1908—Juty 31, 1909. JoHnson, D. W.— Harvard map projections. Mercator, conic, orthographic, and globular projections of meridians and parallels, for use in map drawing in the schools. Boston, | J. L. Hammett & Co., 1909. . | Memory map drawing. Pop. educator, 1909, vol. 26, p. 27. Se Te te a er MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 27 Mansrie.p, G. R.— Glaciation in the Crazy Mountains of Montana. Bull. geol. soc. Amer., January, 1909, vol. 19, p. 558-567, pl. 35-37... Rorcu, A. L.— The warm stratum in the atmosphere at heights exceeding eight miles in the United States. Rept. Brit. assoc. adv. sci., 1908, (1909), p. 594. Meteorol. zeitschr., 1908, vol. 26, p- 22-23. Rain with low temperature. U.S. dept. agric., Weather bur., Month. weather rev., January, 1909, vol. 37, p. 21-22. General results of the meteorological cruises of the “Otaria” on the Atlantic in 1905, 1906, and 1907. Nature, 22 April, 1909, vol. 80, p. 219-221. (With L. Teisserenc de Bort.) The conquest of the air, or the advent of aerial navigation. (Present-day primers). New York, Moffatt, Yard & Co., 1909. Edited Blue Hill observations and investigations in Annals Harvard college observatory, vol. 58, vol. 68. Warp, R. DeC.— Summering in the cool tropics. Boston evening transcript, 15 August, 1908. Government meteorological work in Brazil. U.S. dept. agric., Weather bur., Month. weather rev., August, September, 1908, vol. 36, p. 254-256; 290-292, chart 9. Notes on weather and climate made during a summer trip to Brazil, 1908. U.S. dept. agric., Weather bur., Month. weather rev., October, 1908, vol. 36, p. 333-339. The Southern Campos of Brazil. Bull. Amer. geogr. soc., Novem- ber, 1908, vol. 40, p. 652-662. Kassner’s meteorological globes. U. S. dept. agric., Weather bur., Month. weather rev., November, 1908, vol. 36, p. 371. Geography at Harvard University. Journ. geogr., January, 1909, vol. 7, p. 105-108. The National exposition at Rio de Janeiro. Pop. sci. month., February, 1909, vol. 74, p. 105-123. An outline of the economic climatology of Brazil. Bull. geogr. soc. Phila., April, July, 1909, vol. 7, p. 53-66; 135-144. Hann’s Handbuch der klimatologie. Review. Science, 14 May, : 1909, new ser., vol. 29, p. 791-792. | Annals of the Astronomical Observatory of Harvard College. f Review. Science, 28 May, 1909, new ser., vol. 29, p. 861-862. Notes on Climatology, and Reviews in Bull. Amer. geogr. soc., throughout the year. _ Woopwortn, J. B.— “The Gulf” at Covey Hill, Quebec. Bull. 121 N. Y. state mus., 1908, p. 65-66. 28 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE The Shaler Memorial Expedition to Brazil and Patagonia, 1908— _ '09. Amer. journ. sct., October, 1908, ser. 4, vol. 26, p. 404. Reports on geology and related subjects. Reports of Delegates to the Pan-American Scientific Congress, 1908-1909. Wash- ington, 1909, Appendix 1, p. 34-35. APPENDIX. REPORT ON THE HARVARD SEISMOGRAPHIC STATION. By J. B. Woopworrtru. The Seismographic Station, described in last year’s Report (p. 17-19) was during the first half of the year in charge of Dr. — G. R. Mansfield, who gave much time and careful attention to a | voluntary task. Particular pains were taken to arrest the rusting of the exposed steel rods and parts of the pendulums, the oxidation — of which has very largely been checked. It was necessary in this — work for a time to dismantle the seismograph. At the beginning, — the Station clock was regulated by comparison with a watch set after a chronometer at Harvard Square which time in turn was compared with the Western Union noon signal sent out from — Washington. ‘This unsatisfactory and indirect method was later ; replaced by direct comparison with the Harvard Astronomical — Observatory time received at the Station by telephone. In this manner it is usually possible to ascertain the error of the Station clock within a second. Dampers especially devised to be con- — nected with the pendulums of the 100 kilogram Bosch-Omori type — were received in January. After a period of trial in the spring — which lasted several weeks, it seemed best to detach the dampers, as — it was not possible to adjust them so as to permit of the excitation — of the pendulums by distant earthquakes, satisfactory records of — which were during this interval obtained at Albany and Washington — on 25 kilogram seismographs of the same general type. The use — of the damping device is made necessary for the determination — of the motion of an earth particle during an earthquake by the — fact brought out by Wiechert that unless the oscillations of the — horizontal pendulum be reduced in the ratio of 8:1 the magnifi- — cation is not uniform at all phases of the movement of the seis- _ 1 % | '. : MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 29 -mograph. In the accompanying tabulated results of records ac- count is taken, in consequence of this lack of damping, of the maximum displacement of the stylus on the drum rather than an attempt to present an inaccurate estimate of the intensity of the shock at this Station. At certain times almost as soon as the plant was installed, long period wanderings of the pendulums were observed, frequently resulting in the too rapid spreading out of the lines or in their crowding on the chronographic drum, in the latter case in such a manner as to utterly confuse the record of an earthquake. The duration and character of these long period wanderings have been carefully gone over by Mr. B. M. Varney under the direction of _ Professor Ward, on the basis of the record kept during the first _ half-year, with the view of comparing them with known barometric changes. ‘These movements of the pendulums are quite distinct from the shorter swayings due to the shift of weights about the build- ing, as when persons approach or enter the instrument room. There is also a readily recognized diurnal tilting of the ground on which the Station stands, producing a corresponding crowding and spread- ing of the record lines, a feature which Mr. Varney finds very defi- nitely associated with sunny and cloudy days, pointing to local solar influences. It is to be hoped that further studies will be made of the indications furnished by the instrument regarded as a tiltometer. When the pendulums are adjusted to a period of 50 seconds or greater it is very sensitive to these tilts. As a seismo- _ graph it gives best results when adjusted to a period of 25 seconds. Mr.. W. G. Reed, Jr. voluntarily acted in charge of the Station in _ the latter part of August, 1909, and during the year Mr. Flint 4 has performed the ordinary daily routine of the Station. In order to facilitate the ready computation of the distance from this Station to the probable point of origin of a shock, Laska’s rules for computing the distance with Benndorf’s corrections have been made the basis of a graphic table for all possible earthquakes _and distances. At the same time a mercator map has been pre- _ pared on which great circles passing through Cambridge and the = 4 4 : antipodes of the Station have been drawn after the plan of Lambert’s meridian mercator projection, and on the same map have been placed circles showing equal distances from Cambridge, for the purpose of readily locating areas of frequent seismicity at appro- 30 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE priate distances from the Station, as well as indicating the paths of 4 surface waves reaching the Station. During the summer a common z alarm clock wired with an hourly electric contact of about 10 seconds was placed in the circuit with the timing device so as to” designate the even hours on the chronographic drums. During the summer of 1909 brief notices of registered earth= quakes were reported to the Boston evening transcript. An in- quiry from the Press as to the probability of a telegraphic message just received to the effect that Charleston had been again destroyed _ by an earthquake was answered, after a brief inspection of the seis- mograph, with assurance that that city had not been damaged. — At present the records of important earthquakes are being placed _ back to back between glass covers bound in the manner of he ticon views with strong tape and filed for reference. 3 Records of the Station — Begin’g | Begin’g | Begin’g Max. End End Duration First Second | of Long | Ampli- | of Long jof Earth-jof Earth- | a P.. 3; Waves tude _ Waves quake quake Date vi y2 wi Mi h.m s.{h.m. gs. | h. m5. |b. ms.) bo ms Dams San 1908 May 15/A| 339438] 35401 355 45 | 3 56 40 41815 38 32 Aug. 13| P| 852 21| 85654|] 90436| 90457] 91004] 950 29 58 08 “417 A) 856 16 6 0247) Git Gs 612 27| 70015/1 0404 tS) 200) 45 11450} 11932) 1:22 34) 1°25 49) 2 26-54... 49°00 34 10 Sept. 21|A} 15639) 20503; 21154) 21211) 21519) 3 4305) 1 46 26 Nov. 30|P| 44346| 45052| 45752); 45840) 50352| 611 39/1 2802 Dec. 27} Aj.11 39 23 | 11 46 43 | 11 54 29 | 12 02 25 | 12 07 50} 12 5219 | 1 12 56 1909 Jan. 23 T May 17|;A]/} 34+ 3 3 a aa 5 June 4/P; 20310/} 24100} 25350| 30630| 31640] 401 40/1 08 30 July, PPPsls oh s4 Ve at erg 5 02 48 | 50440); 50448] 600 45/1 09 51 * -30|A} 55859| 60300/] 614 — , 745 ? |}146 + S. OSES any 25 42| 231 42|-2 4109) 242 28) .2 50 45+) 3:27 06.1001 24 Aug. 14;A 2 27 50 2 40 00 12 60 vi 16;A} 205 46| 21148] 21848; 22000| 22448; 31400/1 0814 30 | ASS Or 8 20 30| 8 22 ‘“* 31.) A) 70615.) 70 “6)~ Tae a7 eee 7 51°27 45 11 T Sle N. B. 75th Meridian time. P. T.=preliminary tremors. V!, V2 W! are symbols — in common use for times of vibrations named in respective Columns. t+ Record interlaced. A=N-S Component; B=E-W Component. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 31 From January, 1909, to about June Ist, no satisfactory records were obtained of several earthquakes other than those indicated in the remarks. ‘The tangled and interlaced records indicated were caused by the crowding of lines in the slow wanderings above described or during diurnals. It will be noted that in the T'acna, Chile, earthquake of May 17, 1909, no preliminary tremors were recorded on the east-west component, that standing N-S. in the direction of wave path, a feature before noted at Washington by Marvin in regard to shocks on the south as in the case of the Jamaica earthquake of Jan. 14, 1907. The data given in, the column “Duration of earthquake” should be understood as approximate, probably under rather than in excess of the time during which the ground at the Station is in ‘tremulous motion. The records serve to show that the sands and since April 8, 1908. DURATION DISTANCE 4 go ae Max.| £8 Of first Of all Range < S ee P.T. |1+A=|3A=| on at Remarks. ; drum.} oc = V2-Vi | B-Vi | mm. He) Ae) h. m. s.|h. m.s.| Miles | Miles 6 57 16 02 3197 | 2920; 45 25 A Not located. 4 33 12 15 2511 iL 24B 6 32 14 48 3063 B 4 42 7 44 1603 2 |24B no P. T. on A. 8 14 15 05 3125 100 11 B 7 06 1416 3800 12 |28A wL0 15 08 3831 | 3112; 13 28 Messina earthquake. Tangled record; Persia. 42B No P. T. on B. Tacna, Chile. Undecipherable. Beloit, Wis. etc. 17 50 50 10 | *10457 | 9189} 20 50 A Sumatra; Padang, etc. ee dea g 11 54 ie 2646 A 5 55 13 56 3055 | *2920 | 150B | 28 B Acapulco, Mexico. 458 Fa 28. |e e2 738 SLS7 | oe 25 A. Mexico. ? 4 mga ? 1 25 Quivers with 15 to 20s. period. Ho 12 28 2640 | 2585] 68 | 25A Mexico. | 25 A,B | Shocks in the Canal Zone. 3 50 6 44 1500 3B Not located. Quake in Rome, Italy: no trace. * Corrected by Benndorf’s formula. ? Not definitely determinable. 32 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE clays on which the seismograph stands are not incompatible with — its use as a recording station. In only one instance, that of the earthquake of July 30, 1909, has the agitation of the indicator chronographic drum (150 mm.). In the table the times have been — taken usually from one component only, either that which showed — the earliest picking up of the seismic waves or that which gave the best record, if one of the records was at all undecipherable. The statistics bearing on distance to the point of origin are calculated from Laska’s rules to which in the later cases Benndorf’s corre tion for the first rule has been applied. . Of many unexplained and not wholly understood jars recorded at the Station no accountis taken. Approximate observations con- cerning certain disturbances lasting from 3.25 min. to 3.75 mins. have shown that a wagon heavily laden with bricks passing do Oxford St. from which the Station is 250 ft. distant, begins to se up tremblings and rapid jars at the Station when the wagon is within 600 ft. of it. None of these minor disturbances have, how- ever, interfered in any way so far with the recording of earthquake shocks. | | Pe wee Xi: : Plate 3 is reproduced from the significant portion of the record giving the earthquake of July 30, 1909, whose epicentre was near Acapulco, Mexico. haat 9 ee, ee oo 3h SEINE ei indneetelre pe MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 33 REPORT ON THE MAMMATS. By OvutrramM BANGs. The most important accessions to the collections of this De- partment have been received as the gift of Mr. John E. Thayer. These accessions include well-prepared skins with skulls collected in Lower California by Mr. W. W. Brown, Jr., and another and final series of skins and skulls from western China collected by Mr. W. R. Zappey. Other specimens have been presented by Mrs. A. W. Bosworth, Drs. G. M. Allen, H. B. Bigelow, Theodore Lyman, and W. L. Smith and by Messrs. ‘Thomas Barbour, R. W. Bazin, William Dirrett, W. C. Forbes, and R. W. Sayles. Three skins with skulls of the Musk ox of Ellesmere Land were obtained by purchase. PusuicaTions. Avueust 1, 1908—JuLy 31, 1909. Joun E. Toayer anp Ourram Banas. ; Description of a new subspecies of the Snowy Heron. Proc. N. E. zool. club, 29 April, 1909. vol. 4, p. 839-41. Descriptions of new birds from Central China. Bull. M. C. Z., May, 1909, vol. 52, p. 1387-142. : OuTRAM Banas. Notes on some rare or not well-known Costa Rican birds. Proc. hol. soc. Washington, 10 March, 1909, vol. 22, p. 29-38. 34 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE BIRDS. By WILLIAM BREWSTER. Not since the date of its foundation has the Museum received, within an equal space of time, so many valuable birds as have come into its possession during the past year. Most important of these — acquisitions is the E. A. & O. Bangs collection, a princely gift. It contains, approximately, twenty-four thousand skins, chiefly — from North and Middle America and from the West Indies. Most of those from Central America were taken by Mr. Wilmot W. Brown and Mr. C. F. Underwood, both intelligent and energetic — collectors, the former noted for his skill in preparing admirable bird and mammal skins under difficult conditions. The determinations of species and subspecies were made by Mr. Outram Bangs, with the assistance of Mr. Ridgway and Dr. Richmond. Hence the specimens represent a combination of au- — thority which gives them exceptional value. They include, more-— over, the types of the new forms which Mr. Bangs has described within recent years. As faras their quality is concerned it is quite safe to say that no one, at least on this side of the Atlantic, has” ever before formed a collection containing so many beautiful and perfectly prepared bird skins. The Thayer collection, from the interior of central and western _ China, constitutes another gift of no ordinary value and importance. The specimens, all of which are skins, number several thousands ~ and their quality is very satisfactory. In addition to the specimens above mentioned there have beenil acquired by gift:—from Mr. John E. Thayer, twenty-six mounted birds and forty-four skins; from Messrs. J. W. Hastings and L. J. de G. de Milhau, forty mounted birds and ten skins from Iceland. For other desirable specimens thanks are due to Messrs. Thomas : MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 35 Barbour, C. M. Caverley, R. T. Jackson, Matthew Luce, H. K. Oliver, and S. W. Smith. The following specimens have been acquired by purchase: — from _ Mrs. Selah Merrill, a collection of over three thousand skins from Palestine; from Mr. John Thaxter, a considerable number _ of skins, collected chiefly in New England and Florida; from Mr. _ F. B. Webster, a mounted specimen of a young Rhea. Pusiications. Avueust 1, 1908—JuLy 31, 1909. Occurrence of the skunk cabbage in an unusual place. Rhodora, | March, 1909, vol. 11, p. 63-64. _ Eggs of the flicker (Colaptes auratus luteus) found in an odd _ place. | Bird-Lore, March-April, 1909, vol. 11, p. 73-74. _ Barrow’s golden-eye in Massachusetts. Auk, April, 1909, vol. 26, é p- 153-164. _ Something more about black ducks. Auk, April, 1909, vol. 26, 4 p- 175-179. A recent instance of the occurrence of the white pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) in Massachusetts. Auk, April, 1909, vol. 26, | p. 185-186. The European widgeon in Rhode Island. Awk, April, 1909, vol. 26, oy p. 186-188. | _ Snow geese in Massachusetts. Auk, April, 1909, vol. 26, p. 188-189. Occurrence of the whimbrel (Nwmenius phaopus) off the coast of Nova Scotia. Auk, April, 1909, vol. 26, p. 190-191. Evening grosbeaks again in Massachusetts. Auk, April, 1909, vol. 26, p. 194. The otter in eastern Massachusetts. Science, 2 April, 1909, new ser., vol. 29, p. 551-555. _ Viola brittoniana at Concord, Massachusetts. Rhodora, May, 1909, # vol. 11, p. 107-108. f Fifteenth supplement to the American Ornithologists’ Union Check- List of North American Birds. Auk, July, 1909, Vol. 26, p. 294-303. (With J. A. Allen, C. W. Richmond, Jonathan Dwight, Jr., C. H. Merriam, Robert Ridgway, and Witmer Stone). _ Prothonotary warbler taken on the coast of Maine. Auk, July, 1909, 2 vol. 26, p. 309. _ Breeding of the Louisiana water-thrush (Sezwrus motacilla) in Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Auk, July, 1909, vol. 26, p. 310-111. 36 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE REPTILES, BATRACHIANS, AND FISHES. By SAMUEL GARMAN. Additions to these collections have been received from Messrs. Alexander Agassiz, Thomas Barbour, H. B. Bigelow, J. H. Blake, — G. and H. R. Carey, Henry W. Clark, H. L. Clark, L. J. Cole, © A. Henry Higginson, L. C. Jones, E. L. Moseley, J. D. Sornborger, — R. Thaxter, John E. Thayer, and the N. Y. Zodlogical Society. — Much the larger portion of the additions were of the Reptilia. — Mr. Agassiz supplied material important in connection with studies of the embryology of pelagic fishes. Mr. Barbour’s contributions were very extensive, several thousand specimens, from collections made in the East Indies and South America, or later secured by — purchase. Many of his specimens are of genera and species new to the Museum, part of them identified by the authorities who — originally discovered the species. Much of this material has been worked over and catalogued by Mr. Barbour. Mr. Thayer’s collections, as in previous years, call for particular notice because — of their amount, and also because his collectors were sent to locali- 3 ties from which representatives of the fauna were especially desired. A series of Central American reptiles and fishes was purchased from Mr. Wm. B. Richardson. New cases have afforded to some extent relief from an overcrowded condition. A large portion of the characines, from South America, studied by Professor Eigen- mann, has been returned with many identifications, among them types of new species. Other students have availed themselves of opportunities to study the collections. : MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 37 ' REPORT ON THE ENTOMOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. The collections of the Department have been increased by the gift of desirable specimens received from Mrs. C. G. Loring, Mrs. Elizabeth D. Peckham, Miss Elizabeth B. Bryant, Messrs. Thomas Barbour, William Barnes, William Beutenmuller, J. H. Blake, Frederick Blanchard, Graham Carey, Henry R. Carey, T. D. A. Cockerell, Walter Deane, J. H. Emerton, W. G. Farlow, Walter Faxon, E. P. Felt, A. Fenyes, R. H. Johnson, C. S. Minot, A. P. Morse, G. H. Parker, G. W. Peckham, F. W. Putnam, A. M. Sussman, Roland Thaxter, and W. R. Zappey. The material received from Dr. and Mrs. Peckham was in con- tinuation of their gift of last year, namely types and determined specimens of Attidae (Jumping spiders); that of Mr. Emerton included the types of his recently described New England spiders (Trans. Conn. acad. arts and sci., 1909, vol. 14, p. 171-236); Dr. Thaxter’s gifts include some desirable owlet moths (Gortyna spp.) and many Microcoleoptera from various localities. An advantageous exchange of tiger beetles has been effected with Dr. Wilhelm Horn, and cotypes of several species of Orthop- _ tera have been received in exchange with the U. S. National Museum. | A series of ants has been purchased of Mr. G. B. King. Some work has been done in the identification and arrange- - ment of portions of the Myriopoda and the Arachnida, and in the _ Acrididae parts of the S. H. Scudder collection have been merged with the general collection. Mr. C. 'T. Brues has studied and returned, with his report for publication, the S. H. Scudder collection of parasitic Hymenoptera from Florissant, Colorado. 38 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE CRUSTACEA AND MOLLUSCA. By WALTER Faxon. Mr. Thomas Barbour has generously given to the Museum the Mollusca and Crustacea that he secured during his explorations in New Guinea, Java,'the Celebes, India, Jamaica, and Brazil. For other gifts the Museum is indebted to Messrs. G. M. Allen, J. H. Blake, Miss E. B. Bryant, Messrs. O. Bryant, D. A. Nairn, G. H. Parker, R. Thaxter, and the Rev. H. W. Winkley. A Report on the Mollusca collected during the voyages of the U.S.S. “Albatross,” by W. H. Dall, has been published as the sixth number of the forty-third volume of the Museum Bulletin, and the — first series of the duplicates of this material has been received — from the U. S. National Museum. ? MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 39 REPORT OF THE WORMS. By W. McM. Woopworrtru. The Arenicolidae were sent to Dr. J. H. Ashworth of the Uni- versity of Edinburgh for study. Some specimens of Echinorhyn- -chus from a Chilian blackbird were received from Mr. Thomas Barbour, and a small collection of Jamaican Oligochaeta was acquired from Mr. A. E. Wight. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORTS ON THE LOWER INVERTEBRATES. ECHINODERMS. By Huspert LYMAN CLARK. During the past year, the greater part of the time has been given to the completion of the work on the large collection of ophiurans, made by the “Albatross” in the North Pacific Ocean. Similar ; work has also been done for the Australian Museum, on the echino- | derms collected by the “Thetis” in 1898. Exchanges have been — effected with several museums and individuals, the most important of which were with M. Thiéry, Chaumont, France, fossil Echini; with Dr. R. T. Jackson, Cambridge, selected series of Echini; — with Vassar Brothers’ Institute Museum, Poughkeepsie, through a Mr. H. V. Pelton, a valuable cotype of Astrophyton australe Verrill; and with the Royal Zoological Museum, Berlin, through Dr. Robert Hartmeyer, some much-desired starfishes and Echini. In March, I visited Jamaica in search of certain Echini for Mr. Agassiz, and a very satisfactory series of Echinoneus was secured; also a considerable number of other echinoderms and of crustaceans. The remainder of the year has been devoted chiefly to the : labeling and cataloguing of the collections of ophiurans and Echini. — The principal additions to the collections have been as follows :— From the United States National Museum, 2,644 ophiurans, of 149 species (104 new to the collection), and 135 Echini, of 18 species; from the Australian Museum, 206 specimens of 39 species; from the assistant’s trip to Jamaica, 516 specimens of starfishes, ophiu- rans, Echini, and holothurians; from the exchanges about 150 speci- mens of 75 species of Echini and starfishes; from the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, a small collection of echino- derms from Miami, Florida, (purchase); a few ophiurans were given by Messrs. A. S. Pearse and C. R. Stockhard. | PRB IND Se ARES PED EATEN SN MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 4] The collection of crinoids now contains 1,524 specimens, of 112 species; that of starfishes, 10,962 specimens of 417 species; of ophi- urans, there are catalogued 7,200 specimens of 202 species, and of chini, 2,783 specimens of 90 species. PusuicatTions. Aucust 1, 1908—Jury 31, 1909. | ALEXANDER AGassiz AND Husert Lyman CLARK. Hawaiian and other Pacific Echini. ‘The Salenidae, Arbaciadae, Aspidodiadematidae, and Diadematidae. Mem. M. C. Z., Sep- tember, 1908, vol. 34, p. 43-132, 17 pls. Huspert LyMan Cuark. Les Cidaridae. Bull. soc. sci. nat. Haute-Marne, Septembre- Octobre, 1908, 5° Ann., p. 165-231. Traduit de |’Anglais par P. Thiéry. The type of Cidaris. Ann. mag. nat. hist., January, 1909, ser. 8, vol. 3, p. 88. Notes on some Australian and Indo-Pacific echinoderms. Bull. M.C. Z., March, 1909, vol. 52, p. 107-135, 1 pl. The naming of new species. Science, 12 March, 1909, new ser., vol. 29, p. 420-421. ACALEPHS. By Henry B. BIGELow. _ The most important accession is the series, from the U. S. Bu- reau of Fisheries, of the Medusae (Craspedotae and Acraspedae) collected during the expedition of the “Albatross” to the Eastern ‘Tropical Pacific, 1904-1905. Of the sixty-four species, many rep- resented by excellent series, forty-four were previously unrepre- sented in the collections. ‘This accession is of value not only from the large number of novelties, but especially because it contains well-preserved representatives of several Intermediate genera. In addition there have been received a collection of Medusae, siphonophores, and ctenophores from Newfoundland and Labra- dor containing ten species not previously represented in the Mu- seum; the duplicate series, from the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 42 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE of the Medusae collected by the ‘‘Grampus” in 1908, and a small _ series of hydroids from various localities on the New England — coast. ‘The Medusae collected by the “Albatress” in the Philip- | pines have been received for study and report. : During the year the Medusae have been rearranged and reidenti- 3 | fied and a card catalogue of 177 species, 3,313 specimens prepared. _ I have completed the report on the “ Albatross” Eastern Tropical — Pacific Medusae, and reports on the siphonophores of the same — expedition, on the cruise of the “Grampus”’ in 1908, and on some ‘ Medusae from Newfoundland and Labrador are in progress. PusiicaTion. Avueust 1, 1908—Juty 31, 1909. ceadnete hea] hts ile ghee =~ Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer “‘Albatross” from October, 1904, to ~ March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., com- — manding. XVI. The Medusae. Mem. M. C. Z., February, 3] 1909, vol. 37, 243 pp., 48 pls. | F bp iin the oro acted Aided Ce a anid MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 43 REPORT ON THE DEPARTMENT OF VERTEBRATE PALAEONTOLOGY. By Cuaries R. Eastman. Several small collections of fossil vertebrate material have been received during the year through either donation or exchange. Among the accessions are additional specimens of ganoid fishes from the base of the Waverly in Boyle county, Kentucky, unique for their admirable display of the brain structure. Other additions include an instructive series of casts and large-sized photographs illustrating fossil fish material belonging to the American Museum of Natural History in New York, a gift of Dr. Bashford Dean. A small lot of mammalian remains from the White River Oligo- cene near Dickinson, N. D., was presented by Mr. Otis Tye, and another lot from the same general locality, containing both mam- mals and chelonians, was given by Mr. George F. Will. Through ~ Prof. R. S. Breed of Allegheny College a gift was received of Waverly fishes from the vicinity of Meadville, Penn., including -Helodus comptus (type) and related forms. The type specimens of certain Lower Carboniferous fishes from New Brunswick, mentioned in the last Report, have been under investigation by Dr. Lawrence M. Lambe, of the Canadian Geo- logical Survey, and were subsequently returned in good condition. The same is true of a number of Leidy’s and Marsh’s types of Triassic Ichthyosauria, which have been re-studied by Dr. John C. Merriam in connection with his memoir on that group recently pub- lished by the University of California. PusuicaTions. AvueustT 1, 1908—Juty 31, 1909. Devonian fishes of lowa. Ann. rept. Iowa geol. survey, 1907 (1908), vol. 18, p. 29-360, 16 pls. Jean Albert Gaudry. Science, 22 Jan., 1909, new ser, vol. 29, p. 138-140. Mylostomid dental plates. Science, 25 June, 1909, new ser., vol. 29, p- 997-998. 44 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE GEOLOGICAL COLLECTION. By Rospert W. SAYLEs. During the year there have been added 245 specimens of rock, of which 116 have been purchased. For the others acknowledg- — ments are due to Professors J. B. Woodworth, J. E. Wolff, R. T. E Jackson, Messrs. F. H. Lahee, G. R. Mansfield, J. W. Eggleston, A. R. Cunningham, and C. E. Chandler. The Standard Oil Company of N. Y. gave thirteen specimens of petroleum, crude and refined. ‘There was also an anonymous gift of 100 specimens — of igneous rocks. The specimens purchased show the different colors of the more common rocks. ‘There are thirty-five samples of marble, twenty- five each of granite, limestone, and sandstone, and six of slate.’ These are arranged to aid in determining accurately the colors of - rocks in the field. A polished slab of Quincy granite showing contact pheromenm | discovered by Dr. Charles Palache, has been purchased and is ready for exhibition. Prof. J. B. Woodworth has kindly loaned his collection of por traits of many of the founders of geology. #3 Mr. C. E. Chandler, of Norwich, Connecticut, gave a stalactite j six inches long found under the arch of an old stone dam near Nor- wich. The dam was built in 1829, and the arch had remained undisturbed. : Printed descriptions, seventeen in number, of geological proc- esses have been placed in the cases. ‘The white plaster mount de- vised by Dr. Henry F. Libby, has been adopted for displaying _ specimens; about 300 are in use. : ; The Assistant has equipped the exhibition rooms and part of i the hallway with Nernst electric lights. Three new wall cases are under construction. ie I spent the summer of 1908 in the Canadian Rockies and on | Vancouver Island. At Banff, Alberta, fossils from the Carboni- ferous limestone were collected, and many photographs taken. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 45 At Victoria, B. C., Pleistocene fossils from fifteen to twenty feet above sea level were collected. ‘These fossils were in a clay, and in the attitude of growth. ‘The clay was sprinkled with glaciated rock fragments and pebbles, and lay on rock deeply grooved by the Pleistocene glaciers. ‘The following species were collected :— Leda fossa, Macoma lata, Saxicava rugosa, Puncturella galeata, Cardium islandicum, Buccinum plectrum. About half a mile inland from this locality, washed ledges with dragged beach pebbles fifty feet above sea level were found. The summer of 1909 was spent at Rockland, Maine. About two miles west of the Harbor of Rockland, at an altitude ranging from 95 to 115 feet above sea level, Pleistocene marine fossils in clay containing a few striated pebbles were found. ‘The most important fossils were two species of ophiuroids, Ophiura sarsit and O. nodosa, as kindly identified by Dr. H. L. Clark. The other fossils were mostly species of Mya, Saxicava, and Leda. The clay was stratified and between it and the bed-rock ten feet _ of-sand and gravel occurred in alternating layers. ‘The sand and a gravel were deeply oxidized and lay on well-striated limestone. The directions of the striae averaged south 1° west (corrected). Good evidences of wave action at 235 feet above sea level were obtained in various places, but the most convincing evidence was the cross section of a beach at that elevation. Some wood partly changed to lignite was found in sandy clay near Rockland, but its age is uncertain. 46 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE LIBRARY. During the year from August 1, 1908, to July 31, 1909, inclusive, — 1,097 volumes, 2,007 parts of volumes, and 1,542 pamphlets have been added to the Library. : The total number of volumes in the Library i is 45,655, the total — number of pamphlets is 41,808. : Four hundred and eighty-one volumes have been bound; three hundred and ninety-nine pamphlets have been separately bound. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 47 [A] PUBLICATIONS OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY FOR THE YEAR 1908-1909. BULLETIN: ' Vol. XLITI. No. 6. Reports on the dredging operations off the west coast of Central America.to the Galapagos, to the west coasts of Mexico, and in the Gulf of California, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, carried on by the U.S. Fish . Commission Steamer “ Albatross,’ during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. L. Tanner, U.S. N., commanding. XXXVII. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer “ Albatross,”’ from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. XIV. The Mollusca and the Brachiopoda. By William Healey Dall. pp. 285. 22 Plates. October, 1908. Vol. LII. No. 4. The fossil cetacean, Dorudon serratus Gibbes. By Frederick W. True. pp. 16. 3 Plates. September, 1908. No. 5. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Com- mission Steamer “Albatross,” from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. XV. Ueber die anatomie und systematische stellung von Bathysciadium, Lepetella, und Addisonia. Von Johann Thiele. pp.12. 2 Plates. October, 1908. No. 6. Zodlogical results of the Thayer Brazilian expedition. Preliminary descriptions of new genera and species of tetragonopterid characins. By Carl H. Eigenmann. pp. 16. December, 1908. No. 7. Notes on some Australian and Indo-Pacific echinoderms. By Hubert Lyman Clark. pp. 30. 1 Plate. March, 1909. No. 8. Descriptions of new birds from Central China. By John E. Thayer and Outram Bangs. pp. 6. May, 1909. No. 9. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. 8. Fish Com- mission Steamer ‘Albatross,’ from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. XVIII. Amphipoda. Von R. Woltereck. pp. 26. 8 Plates. June, 1909. 4S ANNUAL REPORT OF THE No. 10. Notes on the phytoplankton of Victoria Nyanza, East Africa. By C. H. Ostenfeld. pp.14. 2 Plates. July, 1909. ; Vol. LITII. No. 1. The light recipient organ of the copepod, Eucalanus elongatus. | By Calvin Olin Esterly. pp. 56. 6 Plates. October, 1908. No. 2. Spermatogenesis in Acrididae and Locustidae. By Herbert — Spencer Davis. pp. 102. 9 Plates. December, 1908. MEMOIRS: — Vol. XXXIV. No. 2. Hawaiian and other Pacific Echini. The Salenidae, Arbaciadae, Aspidodiadematidae, and Diadematidae. By Alexander Agassiz and — Hubert Lyman Clark, pp. 90. 17 Plates. September, 1908. Vol. XX XVII. Reports on the scientifie results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission — Steamer ‘ Albatross,’ from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Com- — mander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. XVI. The Medusae. By Henry B. Bigelow. pp. 243. 48 Plates. February, 1909. Vol. XX XVIII. No. 1. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, on the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer “Albatross,” from August, 1899, to March, 1900, Commander Jefferson F. Moser, U. 8S. N., commanding. XII. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. 8. Fish Commission Steamer “Albatross,” from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L.’M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. XVII. The depth and marine deposits of the Pacific. By John Murray and G. V. Lee. pp. 170. 5 Plates and 3 Maps. June, 1909. . ; Vol. XXXTX. No. 1. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer ‘ Albatross,” from August, 1899, to March, 1900, Commander Jefferson F. Moser, U. 8S. N., commanding. XI. Echini The genus Colobocentrotus. By Alexander Agassiz. pp. 42. 49 Plates. Novem- ber, 1908. REPORT: — 1907-1908. pp. 43. 1 Plate. December, 1908. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 49 [B] INVESTED FUNDS OF THE MUSEUM. In THE HANDS OF THE TREASURER OF HARVARD COLLEGE. eee geeks ae st. lw. 6. Ct) . $108,087.41 ei Gas o,f.) Ce «680,000.00 om UR se ee es ek S.C. 297,933.10 TS 7,594.01 I Se a a BW | Humboldt Fund Le CS ES ee 7,740.66 ercmeeetet eel Pi J. ke. 5,841.28 Willard Peele Hunnewell Memorial Fund ....... .. 5,000.00 Maria Whitney Fund .... . Se eas Uae 5,000.00 $604,665.80 The payments on account of the Museum are made by the Bursar of Harvard _ College, on vouchers approved by the Curator. The accounts are annually examined by a committee of the Overseers. The only funds the income of which is restricted, the Gray, the Humboldt, and the Maria Whitney Funds, are annually charged in an analysis of the accounts, with vouchers to the pay- ment of which the income is applicable. The income of the Gray Fund can be applied to the purchase and mainte- nance of collections, but not for salaries. The income of the Humboldt Fund (about $300) can be applied for the _ benefit of one or more students of Natural History, either at the Museum, the United States Fish Commission Station at Woods Hole, the Stations at Ber- muda, or the Tortugas. The income of the Maria Whitney Fund can be applied for the care (binding) and increase of the Whitney Library. The income of the Virginia Barret Gibbs Scholarship Fund, of the value of $250., is assigned annually with the approval of the Faculty of the Museum, on the recommendation of the Professors of Zodlogy and of Comparative Anatomy in Harvard University, “in supporting or assisting to support one or more students who may have shown decided talents in Zodlogy, and prefer- ably in the direction of Marine Zodlogy.” Applications for the tables reserved for advanced students at the Woods Hole Station should be made to the Faculty of the Museum before the Ist of May. Applicants should state their qualifications, and indicate the course _ of study they intend to pursue. as 4 oF a +, 7 ae Ee Report M. C. Z. 1908-1909. Plate 1. ELEPHANT SEAL. MALE. HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON mar « i): re Baty A) ube) +) 1 r § i sy iy a chy i ¥ avid "NOLSOS “OO AdALOINSH ‘“JIVW3S “WSS LNVHd313 ‘6061-061 ‘ZO W Hodey _—s ¥ . 7 = . | 4 i. \ pm 7 4} ea at cog ie id tly | out Ns _ ees r ' “ ? ® rs ‘ F Plate 3 ff the drum / 59B= East-West ComponenT | pia fe ; : HO a fe sane AMT 3 70 a Wea “i Urea 4 ; : 7 III NSTI eA ETE VOR Fo CEEOL TY co a Se ee Taleo Bears erg eget einen = ‘ , , ni | , ' ' . n T tt oes 4 ia e See gale (i) by ; 55 a Qnd Poplin. (nem nd pa, Gihgro tecm MSTA ines Cyd cu Uceane) OLA : Z : ; Biloraernn StatienlGlack lus = me © i yer eG x ( a ee Hace Wrves (4, ) ee iy, Wee eee) (3 secs. 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