THE DIRECTOR TO THE FOR a CAMBRIDGE, U.S. As tk t ae nee estat ae 7 FE 5 ate z MUSEUM oF COMPARA’ i VE AT ‘HARVARD COLLEGE, — ¥ There Have 1a publatied of the Fee Vols, Ls to LXVIII.; of the Memoirs, Vols. Ae to ea and also oes on = students nae others in the different [aborstanes 2 History, and of work by specialists based upon the Museu tions and Be oes as 8 ee to he Director of the Museum of Comparative Cambridge, Mass. rc following onic of the Museum of Comparative Z Soar preparation: — a Reports on the Results of pes Operations in 1877, 1878, 1879, and 1880, _ ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, by the U. S. Coast Survey Steamer on as follo A.E. VERRILL. The Alcyonaria of the “Blake.” Reports on the Results of the Expedition of 1891 of the U. s. Fish Commission 7 - tross,’” Lieutenant Commander Z. L. ie a U: S. N., “comtognd ite ALEXANDER Acassiz, as follqys: = as “ See Me he es Ween Se aM ot ee Pe EM Aa A ee i Hac ye WS. GOR WE RO ¥ ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY AT HARVARD COLLEGE TO THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE FOR LU2Z7-1928. CAMBRIDGE, U. S. A.: © PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM 1928. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. Faculty ABBOTT LAWRENCE LOWELL, President GEORGE R. AGASSIZ JOHN E. THAYER THOMAS BARBOUR . SAMUEL HENSHAW. OUTRAM BANGS . HUBERT L. CLARK . HENRY B. BIGHLOW PERCY E. RAYMOND . JOHN C. PHILLIPS NATHAN BANKS. . GLOVER M. ALLEN . WILLIAM J. CLENCH . JAMES L. PETERS ARTHUR LOVERIDGE . LUDLOW GRISCOM . HENRY C. STETSON ARTHUR C. BENT HENRY B. BIGELOW THOMAS BARBOUR, Director Officers Director Director Emeritus Curator of Birds Curator of Marine Invertebrates Curator of Oceanography Curator of Invertebrate Palaeontology Research Curator of Birds Curator of Insects Curator of Mammals Curator of Mollusks Assistant Curator of Birds Assistant Curator of Herpetology Research Curator of Zoélogy Assistant Curator of Palaeontology Associate in Ornithology FREDERIC H. KENNARD KIRTLEY F. MATHER. Acting Curator of Geological Collections ROBERT T. JACKSON . Curator of Fossil Echinoderms GEORGE NELSON... . .. . Preparator ELEANOR K. SWEET .. . . ILnbrarian HELENE M. ROBINSON . Secretary to the Director VIRGINIA B. WALKER Secretary to the Museum Staff Associate in Ornithology REGINALD A. DALY Sturgis Hooper Professor of Geology REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1927-1928 To THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE: — On November 1, 1927 Mr. Samuel Henshaw resigned as Director of the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy after many years of service marked by unflagging industry and self-sacrificing devotion to the fulfillment of his ideals of what the Museum should be. He has been very properly appointed by the Corporation, Director emeri- tus. Thomas Barbour was appointed Director of the Museum of Comparative Zoodlogy and of the University Museum. | Mr. Samuel Garman died on September 30, 1927; an investigator known and respected throughout the scientific world. He was, dur- ing his life, one of the most distinguished members of the Museum Staff and an internationally known authority on ichthyology. His daughter, carrying out his spoken suggestion, presented to the Mu- seum his splendid library on reptiles and fishes, one of the very finest which has ever been gathered in private hands. Mr. Henshaw’s reports for several years have emphasized the need for many changes and improvements in the Museum and with the aid of voluntary subscriptions on the part of several friends of the Museum it has been possible to make a number of changes and improvements in the Museum building. The building has been electrically lighted throughout, the wires having been run through pipe conduits and almost all the old gas fixtures having been re- moved, the fire risks have thus been materially reduced. A com- bination freight and passenger elevator has been installed and is running. A system of interdepartmental telephones has also filled a long-felt need. By flooring over most of the galleries in the exhi- bition rooms and by rearranging the exhibition collections a number of new and most commodious laboratories and studies for the Staff has been made. This has allowed the expansion and rearrange- ment of most of the collections of invertebrates and has served to make the research collections much more useful and accessible. Perhaps no collections are now more convenient to investigators. Due allowance has been made for expansion for years to come. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE The exhibition rooms have been redecorated and the exhibits in large degree rearranged but, as yet, only in part relabeled, while great quantities of material unfit either for exhibition or study have been discarded. Several rooms previously devoted to the storage of what might be called obsolete material have been cleared out and are now useful and constantly used laboratories. The exhibits now consist of: 1. 2. Core A Hall of Marine Mammals, choosen to show adavikeee to aquatic life of several of the principal mammalian orders. A synoptic collection of most of the well-known North Ameri- can birds, using almost entirely material from the Greene-Smith collection. In this room the portrait of Audubon by Healy has been hung, as well as plates from Audubon’s elephant folio, contributed by Dr. John C. Phillips and others. The collection illustrating avian architecture is also to be found here. A room displaying some of the less well-known domesticated animals and specimens selected to show variation under domestication, Mendelian inheritance, Albinism and Mel- anism, etc. A large room devoted to Marine Faunal Associations, selected types from the deep sea, the Gulf Stream and other oceanic environmental areas. A room devoted to birds aa mammals characteristic of Australia, Madagascar and other Insular faunae. The Indo-Asiatic room is essentially unchanged, except that the material is rearranged and, thanks to Dr. Theodore Lyman, a beautiful case has been built for the two superb tigers. The South American room and . The African room each contain some new material, while The old North American room has been rearranged as a Hol- arctic room, the Holarctic area being more truly a single zoological entity. It has been felt that the characteristics of these geographic areas can best be illustrated by the use of mammals and birds, so that but few invertebrates and no fishes and reptiles have been used in these displays. 10. ras, 12. MUSBUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY i) The great Systematic Mammal Hall has been considerably re- arranged and plate glass has been substituted for the older small panes in many of the cases. In the gallery of this hall an entirely new synoptic collection of birds has been selected to show the principal representative types of the several groups with their skeletons in many cases. Mr. Griscom has prepared excellent descriptive labels for each family. The old hall devoted to Corals has been entirely rearranged as an Alexander Agassiz Memorial Coral Reef room, in which Mr. George Agassiz has placed a tablet with this wording: To Alexander Agassiz 1835-1910 who developed this museum founded by his father and who devoted much of the latter portion of a varied and preéminent scientific career to the study of Coral Reefs and their faunae this room is dedicated Here are to be found the beautiful models of the coral islands, Borabora and Funafuti and a selection of fish and invertebrates characteristic of the coral reefs. 13. 14. In one room, by assembling all the mounted reptiles formerly scattered about in several exhibits, it has been possible to make a reasonably adequate synoptic collection of reptiles and a less adequate synopsis of the amphibia. No alcoholic reptiles re- main on exhibition. The same thing has been done with respect to the fishes. By this means it has been possible to remove all the myriad bottles of shrunken and discolored alcoholic fishes from exhibition. The common species formerly exhibited have been discarded and those which were valuable have gone to the study collection. 6 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 15. The last hall of this floor is devoted to a carefully selected synoptic series of all the invertebrate groups. Since Dr. Daw- son and nearly every member of the Staff joined in selecting types for this collection it is probably unrivaled for complete- ness and is especially adapted to the use of undergraduates taking the introductory courses. Removing the old synoptic collection on the ground floor, and flooring over the gallery there and in the entry, has made possible a much-needed expansion of the library and has provided for the removal of the entomological books from the curator’s office. New library stacks have been installed in several places and there is now room for growth for many years to come. The palaeontological collections are still in process of rearrange- ment and much new vertebrate material, useful for teaching, will be installed during the next few months. In the meantime these collections are as yet only in part open to the public. Mr. Nelson is devoting himself to the preparation of these specimens with notable success. : In addition it may be said that the exhibit of deep sea collecting apparatus has been removed from the entry and 1s shown in connec- tion with the material which the apparatus is used to obtain, in the Marine Faunal room. In the hallway of the third floor a number of cases have been installed for temporary exhibits showing recent accessions. Since the Museum has been reopened, for it was closed from December to June, the attendance has increased greatly. During the year there have been a number of changes in per- sonnel. Dr. Henry P. Walcott resigned from the Museum Faculty _ after many years of deep interest in the affairs of the Museum and his place has been taken by Dr. H. B. Bigelow. Mr. R. W. Sayles has also resigned as Curator of the Geological Exhibition collec- tions, a resignation unfortunately forced by ill health and increas- ing outside demands upon his time. Dr. Kirtley F. Mather has agreed to serve as Acting Curator until another incumbent is ap- pointed. Mr. Ludlow Griscom joined the Museum as Research Curator, his time this year having been devoted to a wide range of activity, particularly in connection with the rearrangement of the exhibits. Dr. Bigelow’s title has been changed to Curator of Ocean- ography and Dr. Clark’s to Curator of Marine Invertebrates. Mr. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 7 Peters and Mr. Loveridge have been advanced to assistant cura- torships. Mr. Henry C. Stetson has been appointed Assistant Cu- rator of Palaeontology, while Dr. Robert T. Jackson has very kindly consented to take charge of the collection of Fossil Echinoderms. Messrs. Bent and Kennard, whose personal collections are both now on deposit in the Museum, have become Associates in Orni- thology. Mr. W. S. Brooks has volunteered to rearrange the col- lection of birds’ eggs and nests and has already made good progress with what has proved an extremely difficult task. Miss Virginia B. Walker has joined the Museum as Secretary to the Staff and Miss Robinson continues as Secretary to the Director. Miss Thurston resigned as Secretary of the Museum at the,time of Mr. Henshaw’s leaving and Miss Hannah Clark has been retired after many years of service in the library. Her place has been taken by Miss Hamil- ton and Miss Howes. Since it is obviously desirable and directly in line with the pur- poses for which this Museum was founded, a few selected students of advanced standing will be received each year for work under members of the Museum Staff and to facilitate the conducting of examinations and recommending for degrees, five members of the Staff have received appointments on the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Thomas Barbour becoming Professor of Zodlogy and Messrs. Clark, Bigelow, Banks and Allen having been appointed Associate Professors of Zodlogy. It is understood that these men will accept no students except those who are capable of profiting by access to the Museum collections and who know how to use these to their improvement and not to their detriment. Mr. George Agassiz has endowed a Fellowship in Oceanography in memory of his father, which will be very useful in the develop- ment of Dr. Bigelow’s department, one which is in process of active expansion. The subject itself is one in which there is an increasing number of requests for advanced instruction. Mr. James L. Peters visited the Corn Islands and Honduras; Mr. W. J. Clench, Cuba and some of our southern fresh water sys- tems. Messrs. Raymond and Stetson are still investigating some of the fossiliferous strata of north Britain, while this year ] made two visits to the several tropical stations in which the University is interested. : 8 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Dr. N. Borodin’s services were secured for some months of last year and have been secured for the coming year to reorganize the research collection of fishes. Several members of the Staff of the Zodlogical Museum, Uni- versity of Michigan, have aided greatly in the reorganization of several of the Museum collections, and happily it has been possible to make an adequate return for these services in the form of dupli- cate material useful in Ann Arbor. Special efforts have been made to determine the status not only of the collections themselves but of the various reports on the several ALBATROSS collections still in the hands of investigators to whom these were originally entrusted for examination. Unfortu- nately, during the war, some of these collections have completely disappeared. Others, however, have been returned or are in transit. Miss Elizabeth Deichman has been appointed to a Fellowship for next year to make an attempt to collate the manuscript, plates and type specimens upon which Dr. Verrill based his report on the Blake Aleyonaria. No one untrained in methods of marine zoélogi- cal taxonomy would be competent toundertake this herculean task, for both the manuscript and collection are at present in sad con- fusion. Whether it will ever be worth while to publish this report remains to be seen. The fact that a new biological laboratory building is now defi- nitely assured will mean that before long additional space will become available for research in the Museum. Of this it will be entirely impossible to make use unless additional endowment is se- cured. The Museum is now in a better condition than it has been for many years, since this complete reorganization made by the united efforts of a devoted Staff, but it is discouraging to realize how many of our colleagues are working for a pittance, how many important manuscripts still await the means to publish them, and how a small sum regularly available each year would assure field work and technical assistance. Now a great part of the time of the Staff is spent on routine drudgery and in the clerical work of enter- ing and cataloging material. This is horribly time consuming, it requires no skill but is work which is absolutely essential to the preservation of our collections and to making them available to the many scientific workers who visit the Museum every year. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 9 The reports of the several Curators cover the special activities and important accessions in each department. It will be observed that the Museum has many generous friends and that our collec- tions are growing with extraordinary rapidity. Tuomas Barsour, Director. 10 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE BIRDS By Outram BAnGcs During the year, 5,955 specimens have been received. This in- cludes several hundred species and twenty-four genera new to the Museum. We now lack but 116 of the genera recognized in Sharpe’s Hand List. Of the 18,939 species of birds listed by Sharpe we have 10,839. There are in the collection, including species and subspecies named since the appearance of the List, just over 13,000 named forms. | - Two expeditions have been in the field. Mr. James L. Peters, accompanied by my nephew, Edward Bangs, left Boston in De- cember, and made first a trip to the Corn Islands off Nicaragua and then spent the rest of the winter collecting in the lowlands of north- ern Honduras. Accounts of both collections, which total 582 speci- mens, are now being prepared by Mr. Peters. Through the kind efforts of Mr. Ludlow Griscom, Mr. Oliver L. Austin was enabled to accompany, as our agent, the Mason-Blodgett Expedition to Central America. Mr. Austin will publish an account of the birds that he collected, 302 skins. ; The more important collections received are as follows: from a friend of the Museum, 602 birds from Abyssinia; 20 from Mada- gascar; 105 from the Azores; 125 from the Elburz range in northern Persia; 25 from Tunis; 24 from South Brazil; 170 from the Jackson collection of African birds; 18 from Java and 2041 from Ecuador (a set of duplicates most kindly sold by Dr. Frank M. Chapman, which contained no less than 214 species and subspecies new to the Mu- seum). From Col. John E. Thayer, came a splendid collection of 472 skins, made by W. W. Brown in Oaxaca, Mexico, including a series of the very rare Deliarhynchus flammulatus (Lawrence); a report on this collection is now in course of publication. From Mr. F. R. Wulsin, 43 skins from the Belgian Congo, and 145 from Kansu, collected by Robert B. Ekvall. The last installment of the Rock collection from Kansu and Kokonor, 70 skins, arrived safely. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY Ii From Mr. Oliver L. Austin, 154 skins from Labrador, collected by himself last summer, and 5 from British Guiana. From Frederic H. Kennard, 610 from western Panama. From T. Otis Fuller, 191 North American birds. From Capt. Donald B. MacMillan, 15 from Baffin Land. From Mr. Arthur Loveridge, 13 British birds. From the Whitney South Sea Expedition, through the kindness of Dr. L. C. Sanford, 4 skins. From Mr. and Mrs. Frank C. Paine, two Ostriches which they especially got for us in Tanganyika Territory. We have made many exchanges with various museums and with private collectors, 172 specimens resulting in this way. Single specimens and small lots of skins have been received from: O. Bangs, T. Burrell, A. C. Butler, L. Griscom, 8S. Henshaw, F. H. Kennard, Arthur Loveridge, Edward Manimon, and J. L. Peters. Many birds have been lent to the following: Clinton G. Abbott, J. B. Abbott, H. B. Conover, F. M. Chapman, G. H. Forbush, J. Grinnell, E. C. Hellmayr, A. H. Howell, A. Jorgensen, W. Meise, N. B. Kinnear, R. C. Murphy, H. C. Robinson, G. F. Simmons, H.S. Swarth, W. E. C. Todd, C. W. Townsend, H. C. Oberholser, J. Van Tyne, and the United States National Museum. Mr. Frederic H. Kennard’s private collection of about 7,000 North American birds, all beautifully prepared specimens, and among them many rare species, has been deposited in the Museum. It is kept in the west room, in new cases provided by Mr. Kennard, but is available to any ornithologist for study. | Mr. Peter’s card catalogue progresses steadily. 43,000 skins have been carded, and following the order of Sharpe’s Hand List he is now nearing the end of the Trochilidae. The cards have proved of such value to all who work in the Museum that a clerical assistant has been assigned to the work and will relieve Mr. Peters of much drudgery, and the carding will go much faster. Mr. A. C. Bent and Mr. F. H. Kennard continue to do much work in the bird rooms. Dr. Herbert Friedmann spent all his week-ends during the winter and spring and the whole summer with us. He is working up the extensive Childs Frick Abyssinian collection, belonging to the United States National Museum, and the Loveridge collection of Kast African birds. Two long papers will result, besides many short articles that he publishes from time to time. 12 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE ECHINODERMS, CRUSTACEA AND WORMS By Husert Lyman CLARK The work of the past year has been almost wholly curatorial as the expansion of my responsibilities has necessitated considerable attention being given to the care of the collections of crustaceans and worms. T’hese have been gone over superficially to see that they are in proper condition and accessible for study. The collec- tions of Echinoderms have been extensively rearranged, owing to the very gratifying change in the curator’s room, and they are now more than ever easily accessible, though much recataloguing has still to be done. © | A large proportion of the time has gone into the selection, mount- ing and exhibiting of crustacea and echinoderms for the Synoptic, Coral Reef and Oceanic rooms, and the results amply justify the time and labor expended. The accessions of the year are neither numerous nor noteworthy and are chiefly due to the kindness of Mr. W. J. Clench, who brought back some material from Cuba, valuable for the localities repre- sented, and who also secured some specimens from Panama and Peru, in exchange with Mr. J. F. Morton. Mr. W. C. Schroeder has brought in some desirable material from his excursions to the fishing grounds of the Atlantic seaboard. Dr. R. T. Jackson has given us many sea urchins, including the aberrant Arbacias figured in his recent memoir. Mr. B. W. Arnold has presented some sea stars from Mt. Desert, beautifully preserved for exhibition. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY high REPORT FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF OCEANOGRAPHY By Henry B. BicELow Close co6peration with the U. 8S. Bureau of Fisheries and the International Ice Patrol has long characterized the Oceanographic program of the Museum, as described in previous reports. This enables us to participate in broader and more productive fields of exploration, chiefly on the North Atlantic, than the Museum’s own resources alone would allow. During the past year the final report on the Gulf of Maine has been published, and exploration of the oceanic sector off the Middle Atlantic States has been continued. In February, the Fisheries steamer ALBATROSS II ran profiles across the continental shelf off Cape May, with Mr. W. C. Schroeder of the Bureau of Fisheries in charge of the scientific observations. In May, in charge of Mr. QO. E. Sette, of the Bureau, she carried out a general oceanographic survey of the area between Nantucket and Delaware Bay. And in July, towings and physical observations were again taken at 24 stations from Cape Ann to the offing of Martha’s Vineyard. It is hoped that synthesis of this material, and of earlier data from the region, may be commenced during the coming year. Mr. Schroeder has continued in the Museum his studies of the biology and migrations of the Cod. The routine work of the Ice Patrol now includes dynamic ex- amination and mapping of the currents around the Grand Banks. And this summer the study of the currents responsible for the southerly drift of ice bergs has been extended to Davis Strait, by the U. S. Coast Guard Cutter Marion, Lieut. Commander E. H. Smith commanding. Mr. C. O. Iselin, representing the ee is now at sea on a traverse of the Atlantic, on his schooner ATLANTIS, his program in- 14 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE cluding deep tow nettings, dynamic profiles, and studies of the stratification of deep sea sediments by a newly devised apparatus. My own field work has been limited to an oceanographic recon- naissance of Monterey Bay and its offing, in July. This was carried out by codperation with the Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, the California Fish and Game Commission, who offered their patrol boat ALBACORE for the purpose, and the Seripps Insti- tution for Oceanography, who detailed Miss Maurine Leslie for the chemical analyses. With her assistance, a general study was made of the phosphates, silicates, nitrates and oxygen of the waters of the bay, as well as of its salinity, temperature and plankton. With the Iselin expedition to be fitted out, it was necessary to borrow most of the apparatus for the Monterey survey from the Bureau of Fisheries, emphasizing the Museum’s need of a more complete oceanographic equipment. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 15 REPORT ON INVERTEBRATE PALAEONTOLOGY By Percy E. RaymMonp The curator spent July and August of 1928 in studying the stratigraphy and collecting from the Ordovician and Devonian strata of Scotland and western England, the expenses of the trip being paid by grants from the William and Adelaide Barbour fund and the Shaler Memorial fund. Very good collections, including many complete trilobites, were obtained from the Ordovician of the Gervan district, Ayrshire, and western Shropshire. We are greatly indebted to Mr. James Begg of Glasgow, for guidance in the former region, and to Dr. W. F. Whitland for introduction to many productive localities in Shropshire. Mr. Stetson has reported on the results of the work in the Devonian. The addition of another room to the suite used for the storage and study of invertebrate fossils has paved the way for a rearrange- ment of the collections which, when completed, will make them much more readily accessible than formerly. The greater part of the winter was devoted to a preliminary sorting of the material. In the first week in April the curator spoke to the Geological Section of the New York Academy of Science on the “Structure of the Canadian Rockies,” and gave a series of three lectures before the Geological Department at Columbia University. During the year, two drawers of Arthropods other than insects, from the Permian at Elmo, Kansas, have been received from Mr. F. M. Carpenter, two trilobites were donated by Dr. E. Wiggles- worth, and four specimens of trilobites by A. J. Oslheimer, III. Ten drawers of Australian fossils were purchased from Mr. 8. W. Denton. 16 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE ENTOMOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT By NatHan Banks During the past year, ten years’ activities have been compressed into one. For the first time the vision of the curator to create an ideal research collection seems possible of realization. Activities may be classified under four headings: changing equipment, assist- ance, new exhibitions, as well as the usual routine work. Although collections have been acquired during the past ten years, no new drawers nor cases have been available. Now 200 new drawers and cases for 500 have been added. The new boxes have a celotex bottom, need no lining, and have a top, readily removable. These new boxes have been filled with exotic Orthoptera. Mr. B. Preston Clark presented two twenty-drawer cases of exquisite make and in fine condition. One is now filled with the Loveridge East African butterflies. Two hundred new double trays for alcoholic insects have been purchased and are partly in use. They area great improvement over those previously supplied. New vials have enabled the curator to transfer part of the alcoholic material to up- right containers, a much improved method of preservation. The flooring of the entry, and the transfer to it of the entomo- logical library has given a much-needed increase in storage space. A rearrangement of cases in the first room adds space for about 500 additional drawers. The Geometridae and Micro-Lepidoptera, long in the back room, have been moved forward, thus bringing all the Lepidoptera together. The Orthoptera, formerly in the Scudder cases, have been put in the back room, and the Scudder cases used for European insects. | In the back room the removal of a private office gave space for the building of cabinets for three tiers of storage trays, one for fossil insects, one for myriopods, and one for alcoholic insects. The long- desired electric lights have been installed. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 17 Miss E. B. Bryant has been employed for three days a week on | the Arachnida and Myriopoda. For the first time all the Arachnida that could be found in the various parts of the Museum have been brought together, rearranged, the bottles filled, the European col- lection catalogued, and a paper nearly completed on the New Zealand spiders. Miss Bryant also filled the bottles of the Myrio- pods. Mr. Graham Fairchild has arranged the American butterflies, eliminating useless material, and also finished part of the moths. Mr. F. Carpenter was employed for part time mounting the Mann Fiji and Solomon Islands insects. Later he began a new arrange- ment of the fossil insects, a much-needed step. He has identified the fossil ants of the collection. Mr. P. C. Darlington went over much of the miscellaneous American Coleoptera, sorting them into genera and discarding numbers of worthless specimens. For the first time a preparator, Waldo Banks, has been employed. The general part of the Bowditch collection, about 100,000 speci- mens, has been labeled, nearly 500 boxes cork lined, several thou- sand Lepidoptera spread, about five thousand other insects pinned, the American Homoptera, European Geometridae and other in- sects transferred. , With the general rearrangement of the Museum exhibits the old insect cases were taken down, many of the insects being so faded as to be worthless. A new synoptic exhibit was prepared containing representatives of several hundred families, certainly one of the most complete ever made. The most important accession has been the private collection of Diptera made by Mr. C. W. Johnson, one of the foremost collec- tions of flies in the country. There are over 30,000 specimens and about 6,000 species, of which 543 are represented by types. The Arthur Loveridge collection of British insects was purchased and adds considerably to our European series. By exchange, over 400 Chilean Hymenoptera were received from E. Varas. Mr. W. S. Brooks made a very large collection of small insects in Bermuda. Mr. F. R. Wulsin sent in two thousand insects (mostly Hemiptera) from the Belgian Congo. Other insects were received from Messrs. eta irues, A. C. Burrill, W.Clench, P. C. Darlington, J. H. Emerton, G. Fairchild, L. G. Gentner, G. Salt, H. Smith, G. 18 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Wheeler, and the Boston Society of Natural History. A few hun- dred local insects were added by the curator. The curator finished transferring the Odonata, and began an arrangement of the North American Orthoptera, doing about one- third. The Aphid and Coccid collections and European Diptera were also transferred to cork-lined boxes, the bees arranged in Schmitt boxes, and many other insects transferred to make the boxes ready for lining. About 10,000 specimens have been mounted, largely from Borneo, Bermuda, and the Congo. Many alcoholic insects, principally Collembola, Termites, Psocidae, and mites were transferred to upright vials. The valuable collection of cave insects used by Packard and found in a storeroom has received the necessary at- tention. The types of about 130 species have been verified and marked. ; The report on spiders from Panama (240 species, thirty new) was completed, and progress made on the classification of the Myrmeleonidae. Shorter studies were made on the Psammocharid wasps of several countries. Material named and returned includes the Cuban Mutillidae by Mr. Mickel, the Micropezidae of Panama by Mr. Cresson, the Dolichopodidae of Panama with twenty-four types by Mr. Van Duzee, the Locustidae of Panama by Mr. Hebard, the Cuban Homoptera by Mr. Meyers, the American Aphodius by Mr. Brown, and the American Rhipiphoridae by Mr. Rivnay, and several smaller lots. Part of the African Orthoptera was loaned to J. A. G. Rehn, and the West Indian Dolichopodidae to M. C. Van Duzee. Visitors to study the collection were H. G. Barber, M. W. Black- man, D. Blake, S. Bromley, T. Hubbell, A. L. Melander, J. A. G. Rehn, E. Rivnay, K. A. Salman, and V. M. Tanner. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 19 REPORT ON THE MAMMALS By Guiover M. ALLEN During the year past many important changes have been made. The department has spread into an additional room which offers excellent office accommodation as well as additional storage space, now sorely needed for skins. Fourteen ranks of cases adapted for trays have thus become available for small skins and these have been overhauled to make the trays fit the runners better. Already a part of the series of small skins has been rearranged in the new quarters. A number of tight cupboards in the same new room will afford accommodation for large tanned hides while two other stor- age cases have been fitted with runners and shelves, respectively, for holding skeletal material, the space for which has long been overcrowded. The collection of skins was poisoned against insects during the summer as usual. Progress has also been made with tanning the study skins of larger species, many of which have lain packed away as they came from the field for nearly twenty years; nearly fifty have been thus made available. The accumulation of alcoholic material stored in the basement, much of it dating from two generations ago before the days of study skins, has been wholly gone over, and while a large part has been discarded as now of no practical value, a certain number of the more desirable species has been retained in case they may prove useful for skeletons. A great gain in available storage space for more modern material of other kinds has thus been made. Moreover a large number of mounted skeletons, both of mammals and of birds, including those in storage as well as many taken off exhibition, has been unmounted and stored in the standard trays with a consequent economy in the space occupied and a greater availability of the specimens them- selves for comparative study. A constant problem in the care of the collection comes in the proper cleaning, labeling, and distributing of the skulls and skele- 20 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE tons accompanying the skins. A good beginning has been made this year in reducing the accumulations of the past. Several skeletons of large anthropoids were beautifully prepared by Ward’s Natural Science Establishment of Rochester, while, thanks to the generous interest of Mr. Harold J. Coolidge, Esq., the skeleton of the newly acquired Mountain Gorilla was similarly cared for by the Clark Studios, to the great improvement of our collection of these im- portant species. In addition, Mr. David H. Leavitt has been em- ployed part of the time in the preparation of smaller skulls, several hundred of which are now ready for permanent storage. In the exhibition collection a certain amount of attention was given to weeding out poor specimens of mammals and in rearrang- ing and relabeling the collection. A series of skins suitable for mounting was selected and sent to Yale University in exchange for printed general labels for some of the mounted mammals. The Mountain Gorilla presented by Mr. Harold J. Coolidge, Jr., has been handsomely mounted for the exhibition through the gener- osity of Mr. Coolidge, Sr. The year has been notable for the cael and value of new accessions. In all 836 specimens of recent species have been entered in the catalogue (including many received in previous years), while about 300 more received during the year await cataloguing. A large part of these is identified but the work of listing them in the card catalogue has of necessity lagged far behind. Noteworthy are: about 150 skins and skulls from the American Museum of Natural History, representing selections from the Asiatic Expedition’s collections; eighty specimens of small mammals secured and presented by Mr. Oliver L. Austin, Jr., on the coast of Labrador and about as many more prepared by the same collector while accompanying the Mason-Blodgett Expedi- tion to British Honduras; a friend, two valuable lots from Kansu, China (among them a new genus of cricetine rodent); the British mammals of the A. Loveridge collection, over thirty Malaysian skins chiefly from Siam, as well as other desirable specimens; from the Harvard African Expedition through Mr. H. J. Coolidge, Jr., Dr. Joseph Bequaert, and Dr. D. H. Linder, a collection from the Belgian Congo, which, supplemented by a smaller number from the northern part of the same region presented by Mr. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 2M F. R. Wulsin, adds a number of rarer species to our African repre- sentation. From the Corn Islands off Honduras, the Museum Expedition under Mr. J. L. Peters secured twenty-one specimens, while Col. J. E. Thayer has continued his long series of gifts by presenting twenty-seven excellent skins from Oaxaca, Mexico, pre- pared by W. W. Brown, Jr. To these and the other donors in the list following grateful thanks are due: — O. L. Austin, Jr., Joseph Bequaert, A. L. Butler, H. J. Coolidge, Jr., C. W. Fowle, Mrs. Wm. H. Goodwin, W. J. Hamilton, Jr., Frederick Ives, D. H. Linder, W. kK. Moorehead, A. J. Ostheimer, Peabody Museum (Cambridge), J. L. Peters, P. H. Pope, P. T. L. Putnam, P. E. Raymond, Donald Smith, Wendell P. Smith, Col. J. E. Thayer, Oldfield Thomas, Carlos de la Torre, F. R. Wulsin. In addition, some unusual material has been secured by exchange from the Boston Society of Natural History, the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Zoélogical Museum of the University of Moscow. An encouraging sign of the usefulness of the collection is seen in the number of persons consulting it and in the amount of material loaned for study. Among other visitors Mr. Childs Frick has been studying the fossil Equidae, while Dr. Morgulis of the Harvard Medical School has been engaged in research on the comparative structureof mammalian teeth. Specimens have been loaned for out- side use to six persons, representing four institutions. For the first time in the history of the department a certain amount of assistance has been given the curator in caring for the growing accumulations. Grateful thanks are due to: Miss Ruth Whitman (now Mrs. John G. Pennypacker), who devoted several weeks to voluntary aid in many ways; also to Messrs. Oliver L. Austin, Jr., and H. B. Seton for volunteer help in routine cata- loguing; to Mr. Sherwood Washburn for careful help in taking down bird skeletons; to Mr. Frederick Ives for several weeks’ work given to dismounting and numbering mammal skeletons; and to Mr. Edward Bangs for help in other ways. The services of Mr. D. H. Leavitt were also secured on a part-time basis in cataloguing acces- sions and in cleaning skeletal material. Through the devoted efforts of these persons a large amount of work has been accomplished that could not have been done by the curator in the time available. 22 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE In addition to other duties, the editorial work on the volume of Memoirs of the Museum now in press has fallen to the curator’s share and at the close of the official year it is practically all in type and largely in page proof, a monograph by Professor Kofoid on the flagellates of the group Dinophysoidae collected by the ALBATROSS Expedition of 1904-05. A certain amount of time has been expended in identifying speci- mens given or sent for examination. As an aid in the naming of specimens the gift of additional cards giving diagnoses of newly de- scribed species (as prepared at the U.S. National Museum) is grate- fully acknowledged. By arrangement with the American Museum of Natural History, as in previous years, a certain part of outside time has been regu- larly devoted to the study and description of the mammals col- lected by the Asiatic Expeditions of that institution, with resulting benefit to our own collections from specimens given in partial return by the American Museum. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 23 REPORT ON THE MOLLUSKS By W. J. CLENCcH The mollusk collection of the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy now contains approximately 60,000 catalogued entries., About 15,000 to 18,000 uncatalogued entries are also incorporated in the collection. These are being catalogued as fast as revision of groups allows. There are probably some 20,000 lots not in the collection that still await entry. A rough but conservative estimate would place our collection at about 95,000 lots when fully catalogued. This places it fourth in size in this country. The National Museum (300,000 lots), A.N.S.P. (150,000 lots) and the University of Michigan-Walker collection (140,000 lots). Asa balanced collection we are in second place, the A.N.S.P. taking first in that regard. Though no figures are avail- able, we probably stand third in number of holotypes. The past year has been quite noteworthy in the addition of ac- cessions. Through purchase, exchange and gifts, 7,263 lots have been added which include ten genera, and eighty-nine species as new to the collection. The curator, with Dr. Okkelberg of the University of Michigan, spent the month of August collecting on the lower Green River of Kentucky. This work was in the nature of a survey to determine the relationship of the Green River fauna with other rivers of the Ohio drainage. During the months of December and January, the curator was at the Harvard Tropical Station, at Soledad, Cuba. A survey of this region was planned and the area in the vicinity of the station was carefully covered, including a portion of the Sierra de San Juan some twenty miles northeast of Soledad. The above two trips added over 1,000 lots to the collection, a large portion of which has been determined. From February until the middle of June the curator’s time was 24 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE entirely devoted to exhibition work, mounting and arranging ma- terial for the Synoptic invertebrate series and in the Marine Faunal Association room. The last of June and during the first part of July a trip was made to Michigan to pack two collections of shells, one a gift of some 500 lots containing mostly Michigan species and the second, a col- lection of Kentucky Unionidae, obtained as a joint purchase with the University of Michigan. The last two weeks of July was devoted to moving the entire shell collection to its new quarters on the fourth floor of the east wing. Ample room is now had for expansion over a period of many years and plenty of space is available for visiting students and specialists. Exchanges have been made with twenty-two museum and private collectors and twenty-four individuals have presented gifts of mollusks to the collection; the most notable was a collection of western land shells, of the genus Areoheliz, from Mr. Johnson. This is one of the sets made by H. Hemphill which contains cotypes of his own species. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE. ZOOLOGY ah REPORT OF THE RESEARCH CURATOR OF ZOOLOGY By LupLow GRIscomM Since my arrival on November 8, work has consisted mainly in assisting the Director in the organization of the Museum and in its general operation. The routine work connected with supplies, equipment and accounts takes a certain amount of time daily. A thorough study of the Museum finances has been made and has been aided by the invaluable and always cheerful co6dperation of the Comptroller, Auditor and Bursar of Harvard University and their assistants. As a result many changes have been recom- mended. During the absence of the Director, the budget for 1928- 29 was prepared in collaboration with Dr. Bigelow. From November to May some time was devoted to assisting in the extensive alterations of the Museum and the elimination of the antiquated methods of exhibition in the public halls and galleries. The reorganization of the bird exhibits, the preparation of a new and adequately labeled synoptic exhibit of the birds of the world, and the installation of a new North American bird room, were among the interesting problems which presented themselves. Dur- ing the year two Bulletin articles were edited and published, and others are in press or in course of preparation for printing as funds permit. New contracts have been made with the printers. I have also taken charge of sales and exchanges of publications. During the year I have determined a collection of Ecuadorian birds sent me by Dr. Alfred O. Gross. I have been actively engaged in field work in conjunction with the State Ornithologist and vari- ous local clubs and societies, and during the past summer have done much botanical exploration in Plymouth County with other members of the New England Botanical Club. A three weeks’ field trip in northwestern Wisconsin was particularly successful, and will result in a paper on the birds and another on the flora. 26 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS By A. LovERIDGE The past year has exceeded all its predecessors in the addition of species unrepresented in the collection, the total number of such species added is 382 as against a gain of 110 species in 1926-27. The explanation of this is found in several fine collections which were purchased and presented to the museum. Chief of these was the Taylor Philippine collection numbering over 5,000 reptiles and amphibians and rich in paratypes or types of no fewer than thirty- eight species. A miscellaneous selection from the Werner collection provided sixty species unrepresented in the Museum. Other notable additions from the same source were part of the Malcolm Smith Celebes-Timor collection, Eyerdam Haitian ma- terial which provided several new species described by Miss Coch- ran; and collections from Annam made by J. T. Wright, the Cam- eroons by G. Schwab and Mexico by W. W. Brown, Jr. Dr. Herbert Clark presented a number of snakes from the Chiri- qui Province of the Panama Republic, while a fine number of un- common Congolese species collected by Dr. Joseph Bequaert were received from the Harvard Medical School Expedition. Twenty-eight other donors made contributions, and exchanges were made with nine institutions. Nearly four thousand specimens have been catalogued, card- indexed and incorporated in the collection. The addition of so many new species involved respacing three-quarters of the collec- tion. When the room occupied by the late Mr. Samuel Garman became available, the collections of Chelonia, Crocodylia and Cau- data were moved in and installed in new cases provided. This addi- tional space made it possible to bring together all the crocodilians and turtles, hitherto scattered about the building as there was no suitable place for them. The rearrangement made it possible to go over the chor collec- tion of salientia which were provided with fresh alcohol and the MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY Diff species arranged alphabetically, the families and genera still follow- ing taxonomic order. The tanks of amphibia and lizards were emp- tied, the specimens being transferred to jars and placed in their respective positions. A vast number of alcoholic specimens were withdrawn from ex- hibition, entered on the card indices and put away. Others which were well represented were presented to the University of Michigan Museum. The remaining mounted reptiles from the various galleries were rearranged systematically in a new reptile exhibition room. A number of herpetological visitors have used the collection, among whom may be mentioned Mr. S. C. Bishop, Miss D. Coch- ran, Dr. E. R. Dunn, and Dr. G. K. Noble. Many specimens have been loaned to other workers abroad as well as in this country. A census of the collection is appended : — : Gain Gain Genera Species Genera Species Rhynchocephalia ii 1 0 0 Crocodylia 6 19 0 0 Chelonia 56 174 1 2 Lacertilia 240 1 /o5 9 97 Ophidia 294 1,266 6 97 Amphibia 209 1,240 ta TASG6 Totals 843 4,455 23 382 28 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON VERTEBRATE PALAEONTOLOGY By H. C. Stetson The collection of fossil vertebrates has received many valuable additions during the past year both by gift and by exchange. From the University of California we received a complete skeleton of Smilodon, the largest of the sabre-tooth tigers, and also one of Aenocyon, the giant Pleistocene wolf, both from Rancho La Brea. From Amherst College a good specimen of Mesoreodon was ob- tained by exchange. A friend has presented the museum with the material collected by the Schlaikjers from the Oligocene of South Dakota. The more outstanding specimens, suitable for exhibition and most skillfully mounted by Mr. Nelson, include the complete skeleton of Dinictis, one of the smaller sabre-tooth tigers, together with three skulls of other genera, the skulls of several Titanotheres, good skulls of Caenopus, and Hyaenodon, and lastly two perfect skulls of a rare Oligocene alligator, the first reaso met complete examples of that species known. E. Schlaikjer is again in the West collecting and reports good progress. In addition, a friend of the Museum has given a very rare Plesiosaur Trinacromerum collected by Sternberg from the Cretaceous of Kansas, and also models of restorations of the early horses, an Irish Elk group, and an armored dinosaur. Several specimens formerly in storage are being mounted for exhibition. The two most striking are the large head of a Dinich- thys, one of the huge armored Devonian fishes, and Pteranodon, largest of the flying reptiles. This specimen, with a wing spread of thirteen feet, is being beautifully restored by Mr. George Nelson, and when completed will be placed in the entrance hall. Mr. Nelson is now devoting his whole time to palaeontological preparation. His new mounts are excellently done, and are splendid additions to the exhibition halls. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 29 A very considerable portion of last winter was spent in assisting in the rearrangement of the exhibition rooms of fossils, and later in distributing the museum publicity. In this latter connection Mr. George Merrill of the Alumni Bulletin and the photographic and news editors of the Harvard Crimson have always given the most helpful codperation. Investigation of the Anaspids and related Ostracoderms has been continued, and for this purpose two months are being spent in the British Isles this summer, both collecting in the field and studying in the museums in Edinburgh and London. 30 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REPORT ON THE LIBRARY By Eveanor K. Sweet Besides the general routine of the Library, several gifts and im- provements should be noted in the year’s report. In the course of the alterations throughout the Museum, the gallery of the old Synoptic-room was floored over, thereby affording a new stack room for the Library. New “art metal”’ stacks were installed there, so that the capacity of the Library has been increased by about one-fifth. Several large groups of books have been moved to this new room, relieving crowded sections of the other rooms. The Entomological Library has been moved from Mr. Banks’ room to the adjoining hall. New stacks were also installed in the Whitney room. Lighting facilities have been improved with the installation of new lights, both in the stacks and over the reading tables. Through the generosity of his daughter, Mr. Samuel Garman’s valuable library was given to us last fall. His library, which in- cludes many rare works on ichthyology and many Linnaean items, has been arranged in order and is being gradually catalogued. From Mr. George Agassiz we have received a generous sum of money for the purchase of a complete set of the Martini and Chem- nitz “ Conchylien-Cabinet.”’ The resignation of Miss Gertrude A. Thurston in November meant a distinct loss to the Library. Although officially the Secre- tary of the Museum, she had formerly spent full time, and more recently part time, in the Library. To her remarkable accuracy, and to her tact and patience, those who have worked with her can bear witness. : On her retirement in December, Miss Hannah S. Clark had com- pleted nearly forty-five years of faithful and devoted service for the Museum, formerly working for Mr. Alexander Agassiz and for Pro- fessor Whitney, and of late years connected with the Library. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY jl The statistics for the year are as follows: From August 1, 1927 to July 31, 1928 inclusive, 1,081 volumes, 2,013 parts of volumes, and 1,272 pamphlets have been added to the Library. The total number of volumes in the Library is 66,453; the total number of pamphlets is 75,597. Two hundred and ninety-eight volumes have been bound, and 517 pamphlets have been put into covers. From the Harvard College Library we have received 184 titles. Other contributors were Nathan Banks (241 titles), Thomas Bar- bour (138 titles), Wiliam M. Davis (72 titles), Henry B. Bigelow (67 titles), Samuel Henshaw (31 titles), John C. Phillips (24 titles), Outram Bangs (23 titles), and William J. Clench (238 titles). O2 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PUBLICATIONS FOR THE YEAR 1927-1928 (1 Auaust, 1927 — 30 June, 1928) MusEvuM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY BULLETIN: — Vol. LX VIII No. 4. Notes on some Argentine birds. By Herbert Friedmann. 102 pp. September, 1927. No. 5. Notes on northwest Atlantic sharks and skates. By Henry B. Bigelow and William C. Schroeder. 16 pp. September, 1927. No. 6a. Brachiopods of the Ottosee and Holston formations of Tennessee and Virginia. By Bradford Willard. b. The Brachiopods of the Lenoir and Athens formations of Tennes- see and Virginia. By Percy E. Raymond. 65 pp., 3 plates. June, 1928. Memorrs: — Vol. LX No. 1. Jamaican fossil echini. By B. W. Arnold and Hubert Lyman Clark. Pp. 1-84, 22 plates. October, 1927. REPORT: — 1926-1927. 29 pp. October, 1927. Publications.— The following articles have been printed during the year: — ALLEN, G. M. Dichromatism in a litter of red-backed mice. Journ. mammalogy, 8, p. 248. August, 1927. Lagomorphs collected by the Asiatic expeditions. Amer. mus. novi- tates, no. 284, 11 pp. September 13, 1927. Porcupines from China. Amer. mus. novitates, no. 290, 4 pp. Octo- ber 24, 1927. Mammals from the Uluguru and Usambara Mountains, Tanganyika Territory. Proc. Boston soc. nat. hist., 38, p. 413-441. December, 1927. With Arthur Loveridge. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 33 The walrus in New England. Bull. Boston soc. nat. hist., no. 47, p. 10-12. April, 1928. New Asiatic mammals. Amer. mus. novitates, no. 317, 5 pp. May 19, 1928. A mountain gorilla for the University Museum. Harv. alumni bull., p. 978-980. May 24, 1928. The American bats of the genera Myotis and Pizonyx. Bull. U.S. nat. mus., no: 144, vii and 218 pp., 1 pl., figs. With G. S. Miller, Jr. Notes on the skeleton [of Tympanuchus]. In A. O. Gross, “The Heath Hen,” Mem. Boston soc. nat. hist., 6, p. 575-578. A new need in natural history. Bull. Northeastern Bird-banding Assn., 4, p. 89-93. Barsour, T. Two new Bornean snakes. Proc. biol. soc. Wash., 40, p. 127, 128. September 26, 1927. A new lizard from China. Copeia, 165, p. 95. December 23, 1927. Cauphias rediscovered. Copeia, 165, p. 96-98. December 23, 1927. Notes on three Cuban birds. Auk, 45, p. 28-32, pl. 2-4, fig. 1-3. January, 1928. : , Some undescribed frogs and a new gecko from Liberia. Proc. N. E. zo0l. club, 10, p. 13-18. December 30, 1927. With A. Loveridge. New Central American frogs. Proc. N. E. zoél. club, 10, p. 25-31, pl. 1-4, figs. March 2, 1928. Samual Garman, 1843-1927. Science, 67, no. 1731, p. 232, 233, March 2, 1928. With David Starr Jordan. Buildings for biology. Harv. alumni bull., 30, no. 35, p. 1038. June 7, 1928. Cane breeding at the Harvard Cuban station. Harv. alumni bull., 30, no. 31, p. 925, 926. May 10, 1928. Reptiles from the Bay Islands. Proc. N. E. zool. club, 10, p. 55-61. July 26, 1928. Newskinks of the genus Scelotes from Mozambique and Madagascar, Proc. N. E. zoél club, 10, p. 63-65. July 30, 1928. Banks, N. Notes on Cuban and other West Indian Psammocharidae. Harv. biol. lab. bot. garden, Cuba, p. 3-10. July, 1928. 34 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BEN, verC} Life histories of North American shore birds, pt. 1. Bull. U.S. nat. mus., 142, 1927. Bicetow, H. B. Physical oceanography of the Gulf of Maine. Bull. U. S. bur. fish., 40, pt. 2, p. 511-1027. 1927. Exploration of the waters of the Gulf of Maine. Geog. rev., 18, p. 232-360. 1928. BicELow, H. B. and ScHROEDER, W. C. Notes on northwest Atlantic sharks and skates. Bull. M. C. Z., 68, 289-851. 1927. CuarK, H. L. Handbook of the echinederms of the British Isles. By Th. Morten- sen. (Review.) Science, 56, p. 625, 626. December 23, 1927. The elements of general zodlogy. By William J. Dakin. (Review.) Science, 57, p. 105, 106. January 27, 1928. The sea lilies, sea stars, brittle stars and sea urchins of the South Australian Museum. fec. S. Austral. Mus., 3, no. 4, p. 361-482, text figs. 108-142. May 9, 1928. ARNOLD, B. W. and Ciark, H.°L.: Jamaican fossil echini. Mem. M. C. Z., 50, no. 1, p. 1-84 (errata - sheet), pls. 1-22. October, 1927. CLENCH, W. J. Venus mercenaria var. notata Say. Nautilus, 41, p. 120-122. April, 1928. Jo fluvialis turrita Anthony. Nautilus, 42, p. 36. July, 1928. Daty, REGINALD A. The outer shells of the earth. Amer. jour. sci., 15, p. 108-135, 1928. The effective moduli of elasticity in the outer earth-shells. Gerlands Beitraege zur Geophysik, 19, p. 194-209. 1928. GrRiscom, L. Undescribed or little-known birds from Panama. Amer. mus. now- tates, no. 280. September 10, 1927. MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 30 An ornithological reconnaissance in eastern Panama in 1927. Amer. mus. novitates, no. 282. September 12, 1927. Christmas census (Lynn, Nahant, Marblehead). Bird Lore, p. 30. January, 1928. Rare Alcidae in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. Auk, p. 555. October, 1927. The white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons gambeli) in South Carolina. Auk, p. 559. October, 1927. The white-fronted goose in New Jersey. Auk, p. 560. October, 1927. New birds from Mexico and Panama. Amer. mus. novitates, no. 293, January 12, 1928. JACKSON, R. T. [Bibliography of George Lincoln Goodale, p. 9-19 in] Biographical Memoir, George Lincoln Goodale, 1839-1923. By B. L. Robinson. ~ Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci., 21, no. 6, p. [2] 1-19, portrait. 1927. Irises in the little garden. (Review.) Horticulture, 5, no. 21, p. 424, 425. November, 1927. Studies of Arbacia punctulata and allies, and of nonpentamerous echini. Mem. Boston soc. nat. hist., 8, no. 4, p. 483-565, 76 text figs. December, 1927. KENNARD, FREDERIC H. New birds from Panama. Proc. of the N. E. zo6l. club, 10, p. 1, 2. August 25, 1927. A collection of birds from the Almirante Bay region of Panama. Proc. of the Bost. soc. nat. hist., 38, No. 10, p. 448-465. January, 1928. (With J. L. Peters.) LovERIDGE, ARTHUR On the seasonal incidence of three common species of snakes. Bull. antivenin inst. Amer., 1, p. 54-58. July, 1927. Some undescribed frogs and a new gecko from Liberia. Proc. N. E. zo0l club, 10, p. 13-18. December 30, 1927. (With T. Barbour.) Mammals from the Uluguru and Usambara Mountains, Tanganyika Territory. Proc. Boston soc. nat. hist., 38, p. 413-441. December, 1927. (With G. M. Allen.) | Notes on East African birds (chiefly nesting habits and stomach 36 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE contents) collected in 1926. Proc. zoél. soc. London, p. 71-79. April 11, 1928. Notes on some East African invertebrates collected in 1926. Proc. zool. soc. London, p. 121-127. April 16, 1928. Description of a new species of gecko from Tanganyika Territory, Africa. Proc. U.S. nat: mus., 72, art. 24, p. 1, 2, pl. ieee Field notes on vertebrates collected by the Smithsonian-Chrysler East African expedition of 1926. Proc. U.S. nat. mus., 73, art. 17, p. 1-69, pl. 1-4. 1928. Snakes and snake bites in East Africa. I. The Elapine snakes. Bull. antwenin inst. Amer., 1, p. 106-117. January, 1928. Snakes and snake bites in East Africa. II. The Viperine snakes. Bull. antwwenin inst. Amer., 2, p. 32-41. June, 1928. The Nilotic crocodile. Copeia, no. 168, p. 74-76. July 25, 1928. New skinks of the genus Scelotes from Mozambique and Madagas- ear. Proc. N. E. zoél. club, 10, p. 63-65. July 30, 1928. Twenty radio talks on animal life in East Africa given under the auspices of the Boston Society of Natural History (Station WBET) were subsequently printed in the Boston Evening Transcript. Prters, J. L. A new manakin from Panama. Proc. N. E. zo6l. club, 10, p. 9, 10. September 22, 1927. Birds of the island of Anguilla, West Indies. Awk, 44, p. 532-538. October, 1927. The races of Amazona leucocephala (Linn.). Auk, 45, p. 342-344. July, 1928. Bird life in Honduras. Unifruitco, 3, p. 586-588. May, 1928. Peters, J. L. anp F. H. KEnnarpD New birds from Panama. Proc. N. E. zoél. club, 10, p. 1,2. August DD 92,7. A collection of birds from the Almirante Bay region of Panama. Proc. Boston soc. nat. hist., 38, no. 10, p. 443-465. January, 1928. PHiniips, J. C. Catbirds and robins as fish eaters. Burd Lore, 39, p. 342. October, 1927. MUSEUM. OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY at Merrymeeting Bay, its ducks and duckers. Outdoor America. No- vember, 1927. Letter to America field, 109, no. 1. January, 1928. Another “‘swoose”’ or swan goose hybrid. Auk, p. 39-40, 1 pl. Jan- uary, 1928. | In defence of game hogs. The Sportsman, 3,no. 2, p. 54. February, 1928. The Essex County shooting season of 1927. Bull. Essea Co. ornith. ¢lub, no. 9, p. 24. 1928. A census of breeding birds at Windyknob, Wenham. Bull. Essex Co. ornith. club, no. 9, p. 32-35. 1928. The passing of the Maine wilderness. American forests. April, 1928. Wild birds introduced or transplanted in North America. Technical bull. no. 61, Bureau of Biological Survey. April, 1928. Roving. Field and stream. June, 1928. Little talks with Geo. Effendi. Harv. grad. mag. May-June, 1928. RayYMonpD, Percy E. Significance of red color in sediments. Am. jour. sct., 14, sec. 5, p. 157, 158. 1927. Ontogenies of trilobites. Am. jour. sct., 15, sec. 5, p. 168-170. 1928. Two new Cambrian trilobites. Am. jour. sct., 15, sec. 5, p. 309-317. 1928. The brachiopods of the Lenoir and Athens formations of Tennessee and Virginia: Bull. M. C. Z., 68, no. 6b, p. 2938-309. 1928. STETSON, Henry C. | Lasanius and the problem of vertebrate origin. Journ. gels 35, p. 247-263. 1927. A restoration of the anaspid Birkenia elengas Traquair. Journ. geol., 36, p. 458-470. 1928. 38 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE INVESTED FUNDS OF THE MUSEUM InN THE HANDS oF THE TREASURER OF HARVARD COLLEGE Gray Fund (1859) $50,000.00 Permanent Fund (1859) 117,469.34 Sturgis Hooper Fund (1865) 108,731.91 Humboldt Fund (1869) 10,017.11 Agassiz Memorial Fund (1875) 297,933.10 Teachers and Pupils Fund (1875) 7,594.01 Virginia Barret Gibbs Fund (1892) 8,841.67 Willard Peele Hunnewell Memorial Fund (1901) 5,670.45 Maria Whitney Fund (1907) ; . 8,564.90 Alexander Agassiz Fund (1910) bis 3 99,500.00 Alexander Agassiz Expedition Fund (1910) 114,702.17 George Russell Agassiz Fund (1911) : 50,000.00 George Russell Agassiz Fund. Special (1912) . ; 50,000.00 Maria Whitney and James Lyman beard Fund Bree 1,412.78 Louis Cabot Fund (1917) ; 6,398.18 Harvard Endowment Fund (1917) : 1,000.00 William and Adelaide Barbour Fund (1923) 25,246.20 William Brewster Fund (1924) . 62,138.82 Anonymous No. 7 Fund (1925) 51,869.79 Alexander Agassiz Fellowship in Oceanceranie Haat 25,022.64 $1,102, 113.03 The payments on account of the Museum are made by the Bursar of Harvard University, on vouchers approved by the Director. The accounts are annually examined by a committee of the Overseers. The income of funds which are restricted is annually charged in an analysis of the accounts, with vouchers, to the payment of which the incomes are applicable. The income of the Gray Fund can be applied to the purchase and mainte- nance of collections, but not for salaries. The income of the Humboldt Fund (about $500.) can be applied for the benefit of one or more students of Natural History, either at the Museum, the United States Fish Commission Station at Woods Hole, the Stations at Ber- muda, or the Tortugas. The income of the Virginia Barret Gibbs Scholarship Fund, of the value of $400., is assigned annually with the approval of the Faculty of the Museum, on the recommendation of the Professors of Zoédlogy and of Comparative Anatomy in Harvard University, ‘‘in supporting or assisting to support one or more students who may have shown decided talents in Zodlogy, and prefer- ably in the direction of Marine Zoology.” MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 39 Applications for the tables reserved for advanced students at the Woods Hole Station should be made to the Faculty of the Museum before the Ist of May. Applicants should state their qualifications, and indicate the course of study they intend to pursue. The income of the Whitney Funds can be applied for the care (binding) and. increase of the Whitney Library. The Alexander Agassiz Expedition Fund was bequeathed by Alexander Agassiz for the publication of reports on collections brought together by the expeditions with which he was connected. The income of the Louis Cabot Fund can be applied to the purchase of books on travel, sport, and natural history. The income of the William and Adelaide Barbour Fund is ‘‘expended wholly at the discretion of the Director of the Museum of Comparative Zoology * * * to increase the collections of the Museum either by exploration or the purchase of desirable material.’ Three quarters of the income of the William Brewster Fund can be used for the salary of a competent ornithologist and one quarter ‘‘at the discretion of the Director of the Museum for the increase of the collection by purchase, or for the renewal or repair of the cases, or for the publication of matter contained in my manuscripts.” The income of Anonymous No. 7 Fund is devoted to increasing the salaries of such of the curators as the Faculty of the Museum may select. e eee tt | bin! fi ouster pune oft ty (ioe ot wi peo WAS RBA S ELE ho Seg npn 1 ln es da hi LAE whet Ny - ere es a J : ‘ eis AN / _— 7 af iN baal % if j i Todi ph 80S LMS th dal pibepbievbh beeen hyde re haw whee: mle wit end t ist fing ith, a 1h Mei bs By dad : Sonmaot f t ‘ State , uta ae, Ub Pye 1 ee Hae °. aateti ge te Fat. ah “ te ef: hei vestlre (ree Oh v pre iusto ei SEA oe ya) tat Pay ee held ds iw ibe a ieee: Beha eee Sraitleall ef: | Piet Bey > yrukane (eth a fecicra eh ae ciaeT ta | aids hess Liha seat . ryan RY nee 4 i py ; eee | Sp ey eh ahs r 4 hae TA I ORE Sh OS eerie Wate? te ‘ddl tty Wl leeks ter ant reas 1 OED alate I IR AE 15 AN B clas rig e 4 Le W] ‘ ) 1 1) PUL) CRORP OR URI AD a PEST E ATE Se kag HO (oO TAR aS eee ay rae, * nae td : ’ é- sf wea Cot bowvals dk Luk Tae assiaencg ) x i Ab eioe Wie ene (Thiet I way é ATs 0 sais tee « > i \ ji t ‘ = ~~ fi , > h \ PAG ) 4% oe st * Py ; hae | ti ei ' se ML my vy yh i ~ * Bi = ii 1 eat > ’ '