£ve }U CTFI^ j/\~n H CEN AS Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 with funding from Getty Research Institute https://archive.org/details/annualreportofdi1916fiel FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XV. THE LATE SETH E. MEEK Assistant Curator of Zoology from July 24, 1897 to July 6, 1914, the date of his death. Field Museum of Natural History. Report Series. Publication 194. Vol. V, No. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR 1916. Chicago, U. S. A. January, 1917. CONTENTS Page Board of Trustees 76 Officers and Committees 77 Staff of the Museum 78 Report of the Director 79 Maintenance 82 Publications 82 Mailing List 83 Library 84 Cataloguing, Inventorying, and Labeling 86 Accessions 87 Expeditions and Field Work 96 Installation and Permanent Improvement 97 The N. W. Harris Public School Extension 105 Photography and Illustration 106 Printing 107 Financial Statement 108 Attendance and Receipts no Accessions Department of Anthropology Ill Department of Botany 112 Department of Geology 114 Department of Zoology 117 Section of Photography 119 The Library 120 Articles of Incorporation 133 Amended By-Laws 135 List of Honorary Members and Patrons 141 List of Corporate Members 142 List of Life Members 143 List of Annual Members 145 75 76 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES. George E. Adams. Edward E. Ayer. Watson F. Blair. William J. Chalmers. Henry Field. Marshall Field. Stanley Field. Harlow N. Higinbotham. Arthur B. Jones. Chauncey Keep. George Manierre. Cyrus H. McCormick. Martin A. Ryerson. Frederick J. V. Skiff. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. HONORARY TRUSTEE, Owen F. Aldis. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 77 OFFICERS. Stanley Field, President. Martin A. Ryerson, First Vice-President. Watson F. Blair, Second Vice-President. Frederick J. V. Skiff, Secretary. D. C. Davies, Assistant Secretary and Auditor. Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer. COMMITTEES. Stanley Field. Edward E. Ayer. Watson F. Blair. William J. Chalmers. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Marshall Field. Arthur B. Jones. George Manierre. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. FINANCE COMMITTEE. Watson F. Blair. Martin A. Ryerson. Arthur B. Jones. BUILDING COMMITTEE. William J. Chalmers. Cyrus H. McCormick. Frederick J. V. Skiff. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. SUB-COMMITTEE OF BUILDING COMMITTEE. Stanley Field. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. Frederick J. V. Skiff. AUDITING COMMITTEE. George Manierre. Arthur B. Jones. George E. Adams. ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE. Edward E. Ayer. Watson F. Blair. George Manierre. Chauncey Keep. Henry Field. PENSION COMMITTEE. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. Frederick J. V. Skiff. Arthur B. Jones. 78 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. STAFF OF THE MUSEUM. DIRECTOR. Frederick J. V. Skiff. DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY. Berthold Laufer, Curator. Charles L. Owen, Assistant Curator Division of Archeology . Albert B. Lewis, Assistant Curator of African and Melanesian Ethnology. Fay Cooper Cole, Assistant Curator Physical Anthropology and Malayan Ethnology. J. Alden Mason, Assistant Curator of Mexican and South American Archeology. DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY. Charles F. Millspaugh, Curator. DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY. Oliver C. Farrington, Curator. H. W. Nichols, Assistant Curator. Elmer S. Riggs, Assistant Curator of Paleontology. DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY. Charles B. Cory, Curator. Wilfred H. Osgood, Assistant Curator of Mammalogy and Ornithology. William J. Gerhard, Assistant Curator Division of Entomology . Edmond N. Gueret, Assistant Curator Division of Osteology. Carl L. Hubbs, Assistant Curator Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology. THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION. S. C. Simms, Curator. RECORDER. ASSISTANT RECORDER. D. C. Davies. Benj. Bridge THE LIBRARY. Elsie Lippincott, Librarian. Emily M. Wilcoxson, Assistant Librarian . January i, 1917. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR. 1916 To the Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History: I have the honor to present a report of the operations of the Museum for the year ending December 31, 1916. The year has been profitable in accessions of material notwith- standing there have been no expeditions or field work except of a local and unimportant character. More or less confusion is observable throughout the Museum by reason of the prosecution of the large work of installing new material and re-installing old material and selecting material from storage for display, all occasioned by the labor constantly going on in preparation for the exhibition halls of the new Museum building. In fact, the justifiable pride taken in the orderly, system- atic and classified arrangement of the public courts and halls of the Museum is rapidly disappearing in the face of the over-crowded condi- tion and shifting about of cases in preparation necessary to the consum- mation of the ambitious plans of the occupation of the new Grant Park structure. Mr. George F. Porter, Trustee, has resigned his place upon the Board because of his intended protracted absence from the city. The vacancy has been filled by the election of Mr. Henry Field, second grandson of Mr. Marshall Field, the founder of the Institution. There have been no retirements from the scientific staff during the year. Dr. J. Alden Mason, of the University of California, has accepted the position of Assistant Curator in Mexican and South American Archaeology, and has entered upon his duties. An appointment to the Assistant Curatorship of the Division of North American Ethnology, authorized by the Board of Trustees, has not been decided upon. Mr. Carl L. Hubbs, of the Leland Stanford Junior University, has accepted the position of Assistant Curator of Ichthyology and Herpetology and will commence his duties early in 1917. Both of these appointments are from the younger school of their respective sciences, but come to the Museum with the very highest endorsement and with the promise of a useful career in the Institution. Mr. Stanley Field having assumed the cost of restoring and main- taining the activity of the Section of Plant Reproduction in the Depart- 79 80 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vql. V. ment of Botany, discontinued three years ago, the Museum has been so fortunate as to again secure the services of Dr. B. E. Dahlgren as an Assistant Curator in charge of this work, which he will resume with competent assistants within the next month. Work on the shops and studios required for this section has already commenced. The death of Mr. Norman Wait Harris, founder of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum, must be announced. The Board of Trustees at a meeting held August 14th unanimously adopted the following: “The death of Norman Wait Harris has closed a life whose success and whose deeds were based upon and actuated by steadfast Christian principles and an unswerving faith in human character. His wealth was amassed by investments in public and private obligations under- taken for the development and betterment of civic conditions and public education. “No man of business in these or other times has been more scrupu- lous in his methods, more honorable in his dealings, or more just in measuring the rights and privileges of individuals or communities. All his manifold transactions, his endowments and gifts to religious, benevolent and educational causes, exemplify a purpose to dedicate these benefactions so as to uplift humanity, and push it forward not alone for its material good but for its spiritual welfare. “He was a philosopher in philanthrophy as he was in finance. The honor and respect so generally shown him in life will be accorded his name by all classes for generations. “In expressing this appreciation of the life and character of Mr. Harris, the Board of Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History, which Institution has been the grateful object of his wise and humane generosity, desire especially to record their conviction that in no direc- tion in which Mr. Harris has selected a means of manifesting his interest in men and their children, will larger, deeper or more lasting good have been done than by the endowment of The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum of Natural History. “The Board of Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History, having unanimously adopted the foregoing, do instruct that the same be spread upon the records of the Board and request the President to cause the same to be properly engrossed and attested and presented to the family of the late Norman Wait Harris. The progress of the Harris Extension to the Public Schools is re- ferred to in another part of this report, but the impressive fact that over 250,000 public school children are now included in the service of this Extension is a matter for special mention. Mr. Stanley Field, President of the Museum, has during the year provided the funds for the establishment of a Pension System in behalf of the employes of the Museum whose compensation is not above a Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 81 certain annual sum. This act, affording such striking" evidence of Mr. Field’s interest in the work of the Museum and sympathy for those who are performing it, has brought to the employes a comforting assurance of the future, which not only spreads contentment and relief throughout the Institution, but must add to the efficiency of the work of its beneficiaries. The assumption by Mr. Edward E. Ayer of the cost of supplying to the Ayer Ornithological Library any desirable publications not now contained in the library, or which may hereafter be published, was announced during the year — a provision for the future of this import- ant section of the Museum Library which can hardly be over-estimated. Another gift from the membership of the Board of Trustees is that of Mr. Arthur B. Jones, who assumes the cost of securing and installing a group of six North American buffalo with landscape painting and accessories. This gift which enables the Museum to present in the best form known to the art of modern taxidermy this familiar but practically extinct and exclusively North American mammal in different ages and sex, is a most highly valued contribution to the exhibition halls of the Department of Zoology. During the year the material procured at the San Francisco Expo- sition has arrived at the Museum and altogether constitutes a very valuable acquisition to all the departments of the Museum. The Chinese pagodas are now installed in eleven cases. The Chinese gateway has been erected in the main dome court, while the minerals and birds and models and other items, all most desirable, have been cared for in the proper departments. At a meeting of the Board of Trustees held December nth, by unanimous vote permission was asked of Mr. Stanley Field to name one of the exhibition halls of the new Museum building in his honor, requesting him to select a hall. Mr. Field has since announced his preference for the Hall of Mammals. A most noteworthy gift to the Museum during the past year has been the private herbarium of the late Elihu Hall, consisting of ap- proximately 35,000 specimens, presented by the heirs of Mr. Hall. This extends the plant collection in the Museum to most gratifying proportions and adds much new material of unusual interest and worth. Dr. Frank W. Gunsaulus has presented the Museum with his re- markable collection of Japanese sword guards, a collection which has attracted much interest and comment while being on exhibition at the Chicago University. Accompanying this most unique and almost price- less collection, were a number of rare and costly volumes of Japanese 82 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Art. The Board of Trustees elected Mr. Gunsaulus a Patron in recog- nition of the eminent services he has rendered the Institution. Mr. Homer E. Sargent was also elected a Patron for similar reasons. Mr. Marshall Field has presented the Board of Trustees of the Museum with an oil portrait of the Founder of the Museum, painted by Bonnat. It is to be placed on the wall in the Trustees’ Room of the new Museum. As a result of the personal efforts of President Stanley Field, the Board of Trustees has had the pleasure of electing fifty-two Life Mem- bers during the past few months. This is a most remarkable manifesta- tion of the growing interest of the citizens of Chicago in the Institution, which far outweighs in importance even the very considerable sum of money thus added to the resources of the Museum. The contract for the filling in of the large area of ground, whose natural elevation was some thirty feet below the floor of the basement of the new Museum building, is practically finished; in fact, would have been accomplished except for weather conditions. This com- pletes what might be called the foundation work of the building and it is expected that the placing of the steel and the setting of the marble will begin as early in the spring as the prevailing temperature will per- mit. The main water line has been finished to the building. The big sewer duct has also been laid to the building line. The marble is cut and three-fourths of it is stored in the city, the balance being at the quarries subject to requisition. The structural steel has all been delivered to the site. maintenance. — The budget authorized by the Board of Trustees provided the sum of $156,796 for the maintenance of the Museum for the year ending December 31, 1916. The amount expended was $136,280, showing a balance in excess of the estimated expenses of $20,516. In addition to this amount approximately $11,000 was expended by authority of the Board of Trustees for collections, expedi- tions, etc., bringing the total expenditure for the year to $147,280. Publications. — During the year five publications and two indexes have been issued. These publications comprise five volumes, details of which follow: Pub. 186. — Report Series. Vol. V, No. 1. Annual report of the Director to the Board of Trustees for the year 1915. 74 pages. 14 half-tones. Edition 2500. Pub. 187. — Botanical Series. Vol. II, No. n. 1. Contributions to North American Euphorbiaceae VI-11. Vegetation of Alacran Reef. By C. F. Millspaugh. 32 pages. 2 half- tones. Edition 1500. 83 Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. Pub. 188. — Geological Series. Vol. Ill, No. 10. Catalogue of the Collection of Meteorites. By O. C. Farrington. 82 pages. 4 half-tones. Edition 1500. Pub. 189. — Zoological Series. Vol. X, No. 14. Mammals of the Collins-Day South American Expedition. By W. H. Osgood. 18 pages. 2 half-tones. Edition 1500. Pub. 190. — Ornithological Series. Vol. I, No. 10. Descriptions of apparently new South American Birds, with notes on some Little Known Species. By C. B. Cory. 10 pages. Edi- tion 1500. These publications have been distributed to all names on the mailing list both in domestic and foreign countries with the exception of those foreign countries where service has been temporarily discontinued by the Bureau of International Exchanges. If a prompt acknowledgment of these publications may be taken as an evidence of appreciation, it has been noted that practically all of the acknowledgment cards have been signed and returned. With the increasing number of publications issued and the increasing demand, especially for the earlier' numbers, it has been found advisable to take an inventory of the stock actually on hand. An inventory of the half-tones has also been taken. Names on mailing List Domestic 599 Foreign 671 1,260 Distribution of Foreign Exchanges Africa 20 Italy 37 Australia 31 Japan 10 Borneo 1 Java 4 Canada 26 Mexico 19 Central America 7 New Zealand 6 China 3 Norway 8 Denmark 8 Portugal 5 France 54 South America 30 Great Britain 107 Spain 7 Greece 1 Sweden 14 Holland 20 Switzerland 23 India . 17 West Indies 8 Distribution of Domestic Exchanges Alabama 2 Delaware 2 Arkansas 1 District of Columbia .... 62 California 27 Florida 4 Colorado ....... 10 Idaho 2 Connecticut 21 Illinois 65 84 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Distribution of Domestic Exchanges Indiana 16 North Dakota 2 Iowa 13 Ohio 20 Kansas 6 Oklahoma 3 Kentucky 3 Oregon 1 Louisiana 5 Pennsylvania 35 Maine 7 Rhode Island 4 Maryland 9 South Carolina 2 Massachusetts 64 South Dakota 2 Michigan 12 Tennessee 2 Minnesota 8 Texas 3 Mississippi 3 Utah 1 Missouri 14 Vermont 4 Montana 2 Virginia 4 Nebraska 6 Washington ...... 7 Nevada 2 West Virginia 5 New Hampshire 2 Wisconsin 16 New Jersey ...... 13 Wyoming 2 New Mexico 3 Cuba 3 New York 80 Hawaii ........ 5 North Carolina 6 Philippine Islands .... 3 Porto Rico 1 the library. — The accessions of the Library for the year are fourteen hundred books and pamphlets, bringing the total number in the library to 69,675, distributed as follows: General Library 44,928 Department of Anthropology 3,436 Department of Botany 7,072 Department of Geology . . . . 9,868 Department of Zodlogy 4,371 The decrease in the number of accessions is largely due to the exist- ing conditions abroad that continue to affect the receipts from con- temporary institutions and societies. It is surprising that so many continue to send their publications as regularly as they have, as will be noted by the list of accessions. A most satisfactory feature of the year’s work is the acknowledgment of the gifts from friends of the Museum, which include rare and out of print works of an unusually helpful and valuable nature. This is particularly true of the collection of Japanese works presented by Dr. Frank W. Gunsaulus that were indispensable in the installation of the Japanese material given to the Museum by Dr. Gunsaulus, and will be for all time valuable to the students of Japanese art. Among these works are: Audsley’s Orna- mental Arts of Japan; Bing’s Artistic Japan; Dresser’s Japan; Gonse’s L’Art Japonais; Joly’s Sword Mounts and Joly’s Sword Fittings; n ' FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XVI. Skeleton of Fossil American Camel (Oxydactyius longipes) . lower Miocene of Wyoming. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 85 Tomkinson’s Japanese Collection; Jacoby’s Japanische Schwertzieraten. Mr. Edward E. Ayer presented copies of Nelson’s Birds of Yorkshire and Dixson’s Game Birds. Mr. Ayer has also caused to be ordered for the Museum a collection of ornithological works, which when secured, will further enrich the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library. The students and artists, as they become acquainted with the resources of the Museum Library, find it the only library in the city containing so many rare and beautifully illustrated ornithological works. Mrs Edward E. Ayer presented a copy of her translation of the Memorial of Fray Alonso Benavidies, 1630. The Cambridge University, England, sent a set of sixteen volumes of its Archaeological and Ethnological publications. From the Instituto Biologico of Mexico was received eight of the earlier volumes of La Naturaleza. The Canadian Institute sent fifteen of its earliest publications. The Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesellschaft, Leipzig, presented twenty-three volumes of its Zeitschrift. The Academy of Arts and Sciences, Boston, completed its file of Pro- ceedings of fifty-one volumes to date, by sending volumes one to twenty-eight inclusive. Through the generosity of various governments represented at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, the library received a hundred books and pamphlets. Among these contributions was that of the Chinese Commission consisting of a work in sixteen volumes, bound in cloth cases, entitled K'in ting shu king t'u shuo, issued by the command of the late Empress Dowager in 1903, and now out of print. The Argentine Commission gave twenty-eight volumes, among which is a set of the Boletin of the Cordoba Academy of Natural Sciences, particularly desirable. The purchases have been confined to a limited number of books required by the staff for immediate use. Of the twelve orders approved, eleven were filled and these added thirty- five works to the Departmental libraries. Through exchanges with foreign book dealers for publications issued by the Museum, thirteen other important volumes desired by the staff were obtained. Year after year the periodical lists are examined by the Curators and those periodicals that were supposed to have permanent value when subscribed to but have become of less use to the staff, have been dropped from the list. At the present time ninety-eight periodicals are received with twenty continuations. The increased cost of materials used in binderies is reflected in the advance in the schedule of prices for binding, leather binding being almost prohibitive. For several years, however, all books except a few sets in continuation have been bound in cloth or library buckram in preference to leather as more durable bindings. During the year six hundred and thirteen books and pamphlets have been bound. 86 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. The activities which have to do with the receiving, checking, record- ing, cataloguing, classifying, labeling, counting, and binding — the process through which a book must pass before it may be properly placed on the shelf — has continued as in past years. The smaller number of accessions has permitted a continuance of the analytical work that further enhances the value of the library. There have been newly written, revised, and rewritten 20,560 cards. DEPARTMENTAL CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING, AND LABELING. The WOrk of cataloguing in the Department of Anthropology has been continued as usual during the current year, the number of catalogue cards written by the various members of the staff totaling 2,036. These cards are distributed among the divisions as follows: North American Ethnology and Archaeology 178; South American and Mexican Ethnology and Archaeology 169; Melanesian Ethnology 199; Philippine and African Ethnology 139; Gunsaulus collection of Japanese sword-guards 926; Tibetan Ethnology 242; Chinese Archaeology and Ethnology 181; Indian Archaeology 2. These cards have been entered in the inventory books of the Department, which now number 38. The annual acces- sions amount to 29, all of which have been entered. The total number of cards entered beginning from the first volume is 141,552. The Section of Printing has supplied 4,533 labels to the Department during the year. These are distributed over the divisions as follows : American Archaeology 235; Chinese Archaeology 277; African Ethnology 2,167; Melanesian Ethnology 1,854. The Section of Photography has pro- vided the Department with 232 negatives, 146 prints and 18 lantern slides. The prints were duly classified and added to the departmental albums. An additional number of 436 cards were prepared for the catalogue of lantern slides, the inauguration of which was reported last year. To the label file were added 875 new label cards. All prepared and organized material received by the Depart- ment of Botany during the year has been catalogued to date. 20,292 entries have been made, making the total number of entries 453,083. Of the Hall herbarium 14,149 specimens have been prepared, mounted, and catalogued for insertion in the general herbarium of the Museum. The cataloguing in the Department of Geology has kept pace with accessions and all specimens in the department are fully recorded. The largest number of entries made was of economic specimens, a total of 1,302 new entries having been made in this division. These with additional entries give a total number for the year of 1,989, and a total number for the department of 134,700. The number of cards written during the year was 78. The labels written number 1,047. About Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 87 200 of these labels were handwritten with white ink on black card- board to serve as temporary labels until printed ones could be secured; the remainder were from the Section of Printing. Most of the labels were for newly installed economic specimens. A total of 722 printed labels has been received during the year, the larger part being for the meteorite collection. These have all been installed with the cor- responding specimens. There remains in the hands of the printer, copy for 1,143 labels. In the Department of Zoology the cataloguing and labeling of the South American birds received from Museum expeditions has been continued during the year. A regional catalogue of South American mammals was prepared in the form of an index of about 650 cards. A total of 1,105 labels were installed as follows: 36 labels for mounted fishes; 2 for the Moose group; 2 for the osteological exhibit; 1 for South American bird group; 55 for mounted birds and 1,009 f°r the shell col- lection. The entries made during the year number 1,817, °f which 1,663 were for ornithology and 154 for mammalogy. The following table shows the work performed on catalogues and the inventorying accomplished: No. of Record Books Total No. of entries to Dec. 31, 1916 Entries During 1916 Total No. of Cards Written Department of Anthropology . 38 H3.338 2,036 I4L552 Department of Botany 57 453.083 20,292 70,750 Department of Geology 22 134,593 1,989 7,783 Department of Zodlogy 40 98,647 1,817 33,968 The Library 14 102,830 2,540 225,527 Section of Photography 20 114,455 1,152 accessions. — In the Department of Anthropology the most remark- able purchase of the year is represented by the acquisition made at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, consisting of a Chinese honorary gateway and eighty-four models of Chinese pagodas. This material was turned out by the Industrial School maintained by the Jesuit Establishment Sikkawei near Shanghai. The gateway is entirely carved of teakwood, and in its monumental character presents a fine example of Chinese architecture, and thus far is the first monument of this art in the Museum that is constructed on the size of an original. The magnitude of the composition, the harmony of proportions, the high technical skill, the numerous artistic and beautiful carvings, the wealth of ingenious decorative designs which embody a fine record of Chinese thought, make this object a most striking and prominent acquisition. The collection of eighty-four models of Chinese pagodas has both a highly scientific and an educational value. The pagodas are 88 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. the most conspicuous religious buildings of China, veritable landmarks with a detailed recorded history. This collection presents the very- first comprehensive attempt to introduce them into a museum and to render their study generally accessible. The models being reproduced according to a rigid scale (about V50 of the originals, on an average), convey an exact idea of the original monuments and allow a minute study, even of details of construction. All provinces of China are represented in the collection; besides, there are two pagodas from Korea and two from Tibet. A prominent accession by purchase is a collection of more than eight hundred Mexican archaeological objects. The majority of antiquities in this collection are from excavations on the outskirts of San Miguel Amantla, Azcapotzalco. Among the hundred pieces of pottery forming a part of this collection are many rare and unique forms. There are also about two hundred small objects of great excellence and artistic quality, comprising Mixtec stone figurines, mirrors of obsidian and pyrate nodules, beads and pendants of various forms carved from jadeite, agate, and other translucent stones. Another acquisition made by purchase consists of seven choice Navaho blankets, in good condition, collected about forty years ago at Forth Wingate, New Mexico, by Lieut. Col. Wilson T. Hartz of the U. S. Army. The most notable gift received during the year is the collection of Japanese sword-guards and sword-furniture brought together by the efforts of Dr. Frank W. Gunsaulus. This important collection consists of over nine hundred specimens, comprising all the manifold designs ever conceived for the decoration of sword-guards, and covering all periods from mediaeval to modem times. These appurtenances of the sword represent a splendid object-lesson in the application of Japanese design, and eloquently reveal the innate spirit of Japanese chivalry and gal- lantry. The gift of Dr. Gunsaulus is accompanied by a valuable collection of books relating to Japanese art and in particular to sword- guards, as well as by a special catalogue in manuscript, prepared by Miss Helen Gunsaulus with great care after many years of earnest study of the subject. Also 1,793 negatives of the sword-guards (the obverse and reverse of each having been taken) were presented by Dr. Gunsaulus. Eight musical instruments made in Peking were presented by the Commission of the Republic of China at the Panama- Pacific International Exposition. To Mr. Luther Parker, a former government official in the Philippines, the Department is indebted for a small, but very interesting collection of ancient pottery fragments and other material, found by him in burial caves on the Islands. This pottery comes from the kilns of Sawankalok in Siam and from those of southern China, and testifies to the mediaeval intercourse of the Islands Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 89 with the mainland of south-eastern Asia. Of special interest is a frag- ment of Celadon pottery of Chinese origin, the body of which exhibits a pure white porcelain mass, while as a rule the early Celadon glaze is wrought over a crude stoneware body. Mr. Arthur B. Jones enabled the Museum to acquire a silver statuette made in Lhasa, Tibet, and inlaid with pearls, turquois, and coral; it represents Amitabha, the Buddha of Light. Two fine old Navaho blankets, one of bayeta, are gifts from Mr. Homer E. Sargent. Mr. Sargent also provided funds for the purchase of a collection of ancient pottery from Casas Grandes, Mexico. It consists of 162 small pieces comprising coiled and indented, smooth, undecorated, polished red and black, as well as the beautiful polychrome ware characteristic of that region. It is equally of scientific and artistic value. Mr. Sargent also presented to the Museum twenty beautiful old head-plumes worn by the Karok Indians of northwestern California in the White Deer-Skin Dance. To Mr. Edward E. Ayer are due six fine old buckskin skirts, two aprons ornamented with pine- nuts, three excellent head-bands of buckskin, worn in the Jumping Dance, and a quiver of basketry carried during the same dance-cere- mony, all from the Hupa, Yurok, and Karok Indians of northwestern California. Mr. Ayer also contributed thirty-eight prehistoric stone implements collected in the vicinity of Phoenix, Arizona. An inter- esting image carved from green quartz, of Mexican origin, was presented by Mrs. S. E. Barrett. The number of accessions received by the Department of Botany during the year numbered 48, of these all the specimens of 44 have been prepared, organized, and catalogued. The accessions comprise 44 economic and 20,248 herbarium specimens. The most important addi- tion to the plant collections is that of the private herbarium of Elihu Hall, presented by the family of the late Mr. Hall. This herbarium is estimated to contain about 35,000 sheets; it also comprises a great mass of duplicates that will be utilized in exchanges. The Hall herbarium embraces Mr. Hall’s personal collections in Illinois, Texas, and Oregon, and Hall and Harbor’s Rocky Mountain Plants; together with a mass of material acquired in exchange with his contemporaries: Curtiss, Bebb, Clinton Patterson, Bolander, Faxon, Gray, M. E. Jones, Mohr, Canby, Hale, Vasey, Blake, Bishop, Fendler, Eaton, Garber, Howell, Parry, Lemmon, Macowan, Oakes, Porter, Ravenel, Wolf, and many others in North America. From his foreign exchanges he secured a complete set of all the numbers of the Relique Mailleanae, and very full series of Bourgeau, Spain; Daenen, Switzerland; Blanche, Syria; Laresche, Switzerland; Gaillardot, Syria; Cosson, France; Heldereich, Greece; Mathonnet, France; Bourgeau, Italy; Timoth^e, France; Pisa 90 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Herbarium, Italy; Bordere, France; Bunge, China; Bourgeau, France; Muller, Australia; McOwan, South Africa; Bolus, Africa, and many others. The Hall herbarium embraces the years 1845 to 1880. Its unique element consists in a large number of specimens gained by growing plants near his home, in the neighborhood of Athens, Illinois, from seeds gathered in the western and southwestern regions of the United States and others secured from fruiting herbarium specimens from all parts of the world; thus enabling investigators to compare original plants with those grown in a widely different environment. The other notable additions for the year are: Ames, Philippine orchids 258; Clements, California plants 371; Gaumer, Yucatan 31 1; Grant, Washington 76; Miss King, Kentucky 397; Lansing and Sherff, Illinois 92; Meyer, China 81; Miss Moodie, Alberta 398; New York Botanical Garden, West Indies 1,447; Miss Standley, Florida 335; U. S. National Herbarium, various regions 324; University of California, California 129; and Wenzel, Philippines 636. The additions to the organized herbarium during the year are regionally shown in the following table. These figures represent only those regions that have been augmented during the past year — not the herbarium as a whole : LOCALITY Arctic Region: Spitzbe.rgen . Alaska Ottka Island Unalaska Canada: Alberta .... Nova Scotia . United States: Alabama .... Arizona .... California Santa Catalina Isl. San Benedicto Isl. Colorado .... Dakota, North . Dakota, South . District of Columbia Florida (Excl. of Keys) Idaho .... Illinois .... Indiana .... Kentucky Maryland Michigan Isle Royal Added to Total Herbarium in in 1916 Herbarium 3 8 3 1,151 1 1 1 36 418 1,151 1 383 1 1,540 59 8,190 505 24,273 1 187 1 10 6 9,258 75 637 4 1,306 14 2,524 342 20,107 2 3.650 948 23,186 36 6,257 397 1,368 23 1,200 78 3.431 1 1 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XVII. Type Case. North American Forestry. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 91 Locality United States: Montana Nebraska Nevada .... New Hampshire New Mexico New York Ohio Oklahoma Oregon .... Pennsylvania Rocky Mountains . Texas .... Utah Virginia .... Washington . Wisconsin Wyoming Yellowstone . Bermuda .... West Indies: Anagada .... Bahamas: Mangrove Cay . New Providence Barbados Cayman Brae Cuba Isle of Pines . Dominica Haiti Jamaica .... Martinique . Porto Rico . Culebra . St. Croix .... Santo Domingo . St. Kitts .... Tortola .... Central America: Costa Rica . Guatemala . Honduras Ruatan . Mexico .... Lower California Guadaloupe Isl, Yucatan .... Panama .... Added to Herbarium in 1916 Total in Herbarium I 4.029 2 493 7 1,270 4 1.554 14 3,502 20 6,457 1 2,045 2 296 1,013 8,401 8 10,130 946 2,322 1,290 9,607 5 2,548 11 2,723 77 7,420 32 4,931 3 1,569 1 528 8 669 7 33 1 7 1 2,444 3 353 3 98 206 10,948 10 658 13 90 22 33i 564 7,218 1 618 613 4,727 1 212 1 1,280 5 1,322 1 13 1 33 2 595 1 3,054 1 272 2 23 29 36,983 2 1,682 1 42 1,088 5,970 21 103 92 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. LOCALITY South America: Argentine Bolivia .... Brazil .... Venezuela: Curacao . Ecuador .... Trinidad .... Europe (in general) Austro-Hungary Belgium .... Denmark France .... Guernsey Germany Great Britain: Angle Isl. England . Ireland Scotland . Wales Greece .... Italy Lapland .... Macedonia . Mediterranean Islands: Corsica . Malta Majorca . Norway .... Portugal .... Russia .... Spain Sweden Swiczerland . Turkey . Africa: Abyssinia . Algeria Egypt Morocco South Africa Canary Islands . Madeira . . . . Mauritius . . . . Nubia Tunis Asia: Arabia Added to Herbarium in 1916 Total in Herbarium 94 1,065 8 3,924 1 596 7 99 1 850 1 487 12 93 504 7,773 89 283 10 381 4A52 8,337 1 1 367 8,655 1 1 117 2,462 8 172 35 544 4 83 172 696 955 3,503 18 158 1 1 13 67 1 6 1 4 63 1,178 11 31 29 1,626 278 632 264 9,599 980 3,632 3 20 1 220 424 564 10 46 1 7 629 1,912 47 47 83 103 9 21 1 10 72 79 1 20 Jan., 1917. Annual Report or the Director. 93 LOCALITY Asia: Asia Minor China: Altai Mountains Mongolia Sungaria India Japan Persia Philippine Islands Siberia Syria Australia (general) ....... New South Wales Queensland South Australia Tasmania Victoria West Australia Oceanica: Marquesas Islands: Muka Hiva Sandwich Islands (general) .... Oahu Horticultural Illustrations mounted as Herbarium sheets . In the Department of Geology a considerable number of valuable accessions were received from exhibitors at the Panama-Pacific Inter- national Exposition. The commissions or firms presenting important material were the Gas Light and Coke Company, London, England, Australian Commission, Bolivian Commission, New Zealand Com- mission, Chinese Commission, and Greek Commission. The Gas Light and Coke Company, London, England, presented 223 specimens illus- trating the by-products of gas manufacture and a mahogany floor case for its exhibition. The series is very complete and well prepared, showing the various products obtained from the distilation of coal. The specimens include coal, coke, pitch, large masses of crystals of prussiate of potash, various dyes, various hydro-carbons, such as benzol, toluol and varieties of creosote, various forms of naphthaline, pyridine, anthracene, alizarin, ammoniacal liquids, sulphates, nitrates, muriates, carbonates, and other compounds of ammonia, sulphur, cop- peras, sodium and potassium cyanides, various blue coloring matters, other coloring matters, cyanogen, fluorescin, and various other products. The whole forms a very nearly complete series illustrating products Added to Total Herbarium in in 1916 Herbarium 45 IO4 29I 29I 4 6 45 45 24 1,062 1 297 28 44 895 8,912 5 468 280 362 181 2,234 12 258 4 25 2 2 I 307 4 430 17 142 4 4 5 489 2 495 65 2,736 09 2,032 94 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. which may be obtained from coal. The Australian Commission pre- sented 6 1 specimens illustrating many important ores of Australia. Many of the specimens are of large size, and the whole accession aggre- gated several hundred pounds in weight. An important feature was a full series of ores and concentrates of lead and zinc from the Broken Hill district. There are also gold ores, tin and copper ores from many localities, and a number of miscellaneous specimens. They are all of excellent quality and will add much to the representation of Australian ores in the Museum. The Bolivian Commission presented 80 specimens consisting chiefly of ores of tin from various mines of Bolivia. A large number of these specimens illustrate ores of remarkable richness. Although Bolivia is one of the world’s most important sources of tin, the Museum had previously no representation of its tin ores, so that the accession is especially welcome. Ores of bismuth, molybdenum and copper were also included in the series received. Among the copper ores, some remarkable arborescent aggregates of native copper are of special interest. The Chinese Commission gave a series of ores number- ing 291 specimens, chiefly from the Province of Honan, China. These include specimens of gold ore, sulphur, silver ore, asbestos, copper ore, stream tin, manganese ore, antimony ore, fluorite, coke, and coal. Specimens of lead, zinc, and iron made from these ores were also, included. There were also a number of specimens of mineralogical interest, such as two specimens of crystallized cinnabar, a large one of calcite and a number of crystallized smoky quartzes. All of this material is entirely new to the collections, no specimens from this part of China having been previously possessed in the Department. The Commission also presented a model of a large lead mining, milling, and dressing works at Shui kao Shan, Province of Hunan, China. This model is about 13 feet square and represents on a scale of 1 to 135 the topog- raphy of the region where the lead mines are located and the various buildings, derricks, pits, and tracks by means of which the activities of the mines are carried on. The model has been prepared with care and accuracy and has geographic as well as economic interest. The Greek Commission presented 315 specimens of ores which represent all the important mineral products of Greece except the marbles. They include specimens of zinc, lead, silver, iron, manganese, nickel, copper and chrome ores together with specimens of emery and magnesite. There are also specimens of lead and base bullion made from the ores, and of emery powders, calcined magnesite, magnesite cement and magnesite fire brick. The specimens are of large size and well adapted for museum display. The large blocks of Greek emery are especially satisfactory, as the Museum has hitherto been unable to secure display FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XVIII. Model of the So-called Porcelain Pagoda of Nanking. Made by the Chinese Orphanage of Sikkawei near Shanghai Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 95 specimens of satisfactory size of this widely used and well-known sub- stance. The zinc ores include a great variety of the brilliantly colored smithsonites for which Laurium is famous. Besides the ores there are two lots of the slags from the silver smelting operations of the ancient Greeks between 600 B.C. and 400 B.C. which are now being resmelted to save the silver that the early smelters could not extract. The New Zealand Commission presented a restoration of the giant, extinct bird known as the Moa. This restoration was prepared with great care at the New Zealand Museum, and shows a bird standing over 12 feet in height with a body measuring 8 feet in length. The probable feather covering is shown, also the form and dimensions of the bird. The great size of this creature makes it an object of special interest. A very valuable accession obtained largely through the efforts of Mr. W. J. Chalmers, consisted of 40 specimens of tin and copper ores presented by the leading tin mining companies of South Africa. These ores had not been previously represented in the collections and they are also of im- portance since they show characters not seen in the tin ores of other regions. Mr. Chalmers also kindly presented two especially fine crystals of gem tourmaline from California and a specimen of crystallized gold from French Guiana. A series of pebbles from Wyoming showing unusual polishing by wind, was presented by Messrs. Geo. F. Porter and A. A. Sprague. From the Chamber of Commerce of Chlo- ride, Arizona, a representative series of the gold, silver, lead, and other ores of that district was received by gift, making a valued addition. An interesting series of 15 specimens illustrating the manufacture of potash and other products from alunite and of nitrogen products manu- factured from the air, was presented by the Armour Fertilizer Works. In this connection also, the gift by Professor S. H. Knight, of the Uni- versity of Wyoming, of specimens of the leucitic rocks of Wyoming, which are considered possible sources of commercial potash, is worthy of mention. The Titanium Alloys Manufacturing Company presented a specimen of metallic titanium, which is a rarely produced substance, together with specimens of two ferro-titanium alloys. The Norton Laboratories gave a large bar of metallic magnesium. A series of pegmatite products used in cement facing and two large masses of peg- matite were donated by the Crown Point Spar Company of Essex, New York. Professor E. L. Moseley of Bowling Green, Ohio, gave some interesting specimens of celestite and invertebrate fossils. By exchange, 13 specimens of stream concretions were obtained from Professor F. Justin Roddy and specimens of the Dalton and Lake Okechobee meteorites were received from the United States National Museum. An iron meteorite from Batavia, New York, weighing 5,930 96 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. grams, and an individual weighing 2,000 grams of the Plain view, Texas, meteorite fall were purchased, as were also specimens of four other me- teorites. Eight specimens of the peculiar glassy forms called austra- lites were also purchased. By collection, about 40 specimens of fossils and economic specimens were added as a result of the Curator’s trip to La Salle County, Illinois, and 75 specimens min- erals, dendrites and rock products, from field work in Maine. The Assistant Curator collected in Arizona 20 specimens of copper ores and fossils. In the Department of Zoology the most important accession of the year is a very fine and practically perfect egg of the extinct bird ^Epyor- nis. It was purchased from Mr. Peter A. Bjelde who obtained it from natives in Madagascar and personally brought it from there to this country. The first installment of the Museum’s share of the birds taken on the Collins-Day expedition consisting of 215 bird skins were received from the American Museum of Natural History. The mam- mals of this expedition were received early in the year but have not yet been accessioned. A collection of 57 mammals and 76 bird skins from Argentina were presented by the Argentine Commissioners to the Panama-Pacific International Exposition and deserve special mention. Among them were a number of species new to the collection. To the collection of fishes and reptiles there were added but six specimens. One of them, however, a Yellow-bellied Sea Snake, was very desirable, as well as new to the Museum collection. By far the largest and most important addition than can be recorded was the Hall collection of shells, which was a donation from the heirs of Elihu Hall, Athens, Illi- nois. This collection consists mainly of American fresh-water shells and contains at least several thousand named specimens. As they have not yet been gone over and sorted by a specialist, the exact number of specimens that will be accessioned eventually cannot be definitely given at this time. Among the insects obtained, the most desirable were 63 Sphinx Moths secured, by an exchange, from Mr. B. Preston Clark of Boston. Of this lot at least thirty species were new to the collection. Another desirable, though smaller acquisition, was an exchange whereby 1 7 rare butterflies from northern India were secured. The accessions may be summarized as follows: Purchase: 138 mam- mals, 175 birds; 4 nests and eggs; By gift: 61 mammals, 306 birds, 14 nests and eggs, and approximately 3,000 shells; By exchange: 39 mammals and 80 insects. expeditions and Field work. — A few days were spent by the Curator of Geology in visiting several localities in La Salle County, Illinois, and as a result specimens of a number of occurrences which had not been Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 97 previously represented in the collections were procured. The material obtained included specimens of cone-in-cone structure, stylolites and concretions, fossil ferns and a series of hydraulic limestones and cements. A collecting trip was also made by the Curator of Geology among the pegmatite regions of western Maine. A large number of valuable specimens of the rare minerals of the region, such as tourmaline, colum- bite, beryl, and herderite were procured, also some showy dendrites and a striking series illustrating zonal weathering. The Assistant Curator of Geology through a brief trip among most of the large porphyry copper mines of New Mexico and Arizona secured a representative though limited suite of the characteristic ores of this important new development of the mining industry. The large mines visited on this trip and from which specimens were secured were the Chino and Empire Zinc mines in New Mexico, and the Copper Queen, Old Dominion, Inspiration, and Miami mines in Arizona. At Grand Canyon, Arizona, also, he obtained a number of specimens of Cretaceous fossils, copper and silver ores and asbestos. Installation, Rearrangement, and Permanent Improvement. — There have been placed on permanent exhibition in the Department of Anthro- pology 90 new cases, most of these being completely labeled. The material installed in these cases is distributed over the various divisions as follows: African ethnology 27 cases; Melanesian ethnology 44 cases; American ethnology 1 case; American Archaeology 7 cases, and Chinese pagodas 11. The interesting Mexican pottery from Casas Grandes presented by Mr. Homer E. Sargent has been installed in two standard cases in the East Court. The recent acquisition of Navaho blankets necessitated the reinstallation of a case of Navaho blanketry in Hall 6. Progress has been made in the installation in standard cases in the East Court, which, since the opening of the Museum, has been shown in the old Peabody cases from the World’s Columbian Exposi- tion. Four cases of the Hopewell material, from Ross County, Ohio, are well along toward completion in Alcove 83. The new arrangement on shelves is very satisfactory, and brings out to advantage the scientific value of this remarkable collection. The prehistoric pottery from Chiriqui Republic of Panama, has been permanently placed on exhibi- tion in two standard cases in Alcove 93 of the East Court. Costa Rican archaeology now in Alcove 84 is being prepared for permanent exhibi- tion. All Peabody cases released, as the work of reinstallation pro- gresses, are used for permanent storage in Halls 68 and 69 of the West Annex in accordance with the plan outlined a year ago. For the purpose of preserving and photographing material, work has been done in 138 exhibition cases. Installed cases of the Joseph N. Field collec- 98 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. tions have been moved from Hall 72 into Hall 80, thus giving needed floor space in the former for working purposes. One-fourth of the floor space in Hall 71 has been cleared with the result that desired additional room for installation work has been gained. The African collection was carefully overhauled, and a large amount of material previously un- identified was studied and placed in its proper grouping. This material is now divided into three groups: the first, intended for exhibition; the second, reserved for the study collection; the third, for exchange. The exhibition collection has been installed in twenty-seven standard cases fully labeled, and illustrated by maps and a considerable number of photographs. The most notable exhibit in this series is presented by the artistic cast bronze and ivory carvings from Benin, many of the specimens being of unusual excellence and rarity. The balance of the Northwest Coast of Africa, the Sudan, and the upper tributaries of the Nile, are represented by five cases. Collections from Somali-land and the Lake Region of Eastern Africa occupy 8 cases, illustrating different types of culture like that of the Arabicised tribes, the war-like Masai, and the nomadic Wandorobo. A very complete collection from the Ovimbundu and Zulu gives an instructive view of the life and industries of these most advanced tribes of southern Africa. Congo material is displayed in 6 cases, showing the life of the Pigmies, as well as of the metal-working Bantu stock. An interesting feature of the last mentioned collection is a large group of fetish objects and other articles relating to the highly developed ceremonial and religious life of those peoples. In their present arrangement, the African collections, though still far from being complete, give a vivid picture of the various cultures of the continent, and likewise illustrate well the interrelations of the different tribes. Further progress has been made in the instal- lation of the Joseph N. Field South Sea Islands collection, 44 cases devoted to Melanesian ethnology having been completed. This mate- rial covers the following regions. The two islands Buka and Bougain- ville, belonging to the group of the Solomon Islands, are fully represented by 8 cases. Especially noteworthy in this exhibit are wood carvings including one large human statue ; the peculiar balloon-shaped hats worn by the Matasese, the young men who are initiated into a secret society; the huge coiled baskets, wooden platters, heavy stone nut-crackers, and a complete series of stone implements, showing the different ways of hafting the axes. The central Solomons are represented by objects inlaid with pearl and by a large wooden bowl. Fourteen cases are devoted to New Ireland, with a display of huge ancestral images of wood and memorial carvings (from central New Ireland and the Gard- ner Islands), ancestral figures of stone, and a great variety of masks, Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 99 some very elaborate. The different types of clubs and spears, including those terminating in worked human bone, are completely represented. Native life on the island of New Hanover is shown in another case. The elaborately decorated clubs and spears of St. Matthias together with large ornamented combs, and woven mats and belts occupy two cases. The same number of cases illustrates the culture of Lihir, Aneri, Tanga, Nissan, small islands east of New Ireland, the manufacture of shell arm rings from Tanga and shell money from Nissan being especially note- worthy. Two further cases are concerned with Lord Howe, Mortlock, Tasman, and Sikaiana, small islands lying north of the Solomons, but showing a culture with Micronesian and Polynesian, rather than Mel- anesian affinities. New Britain is represented by a very complete col- lection, in sixteen cases, from the Gazelle Peninsula. It includes many valuable old specimens obtained and figured by Richard Parkinson, also a number of remarkable Baining and Sulka masks, numerous specimens from central and western New Britain as well as from the neighboring islands, showing a strong New Guinea influence. A representative collection from the southwest coast about Cape Merkus illustrates the life and industries of the people. There is a series of their finely carved wooden bowls, coiled baskets, painted bark-cloth, feather head-dresses used in dances, and personal ornaments. The Philippine material has been revised and partially reinstalled. The models of Chinese pagodas have been installed in three standard four-feet cases and eight special cases arranged in Hall 48 of the East Annex. This Hall was opened to the public at the end of the year. The Chinese gateway has been erected on the east side of the Rotunda. In the Department of Botany the following cases have been in- stalled, labeled and placed on exhibition: in the American Forestry Series: Sweet Buckeye; Fraser’s Fir; Southern Red Cedar; Loblolly Bay; Silver Bell; Pennsylvania Cherry; Ogeche Lime; Water Gum; Black Cherry; and Basswood. Specimens, with their labels, sufficient for the installation of twelve other cases have been fully prepared and are ready to be put in place as soon as the cases for their accommodation are furnished. Installation in the herbarium cases has been sadly interfered with on account of lack of space in the rooms available to this section of the department. It has become necessary to remove from installation all specimens in the lower plant orders, wrap them up in bundles and store them away, in order to give up their place in the cases to families more frequently consulted. This has also been necessary in the case of newly arriving Eurasian plants, until the end of the year reveals over three hundred such bundles rendered unavailable for study or reference. A discouraging amount of time and labor had to be ioo Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. wasted in shifting and reshifting installed specimens in order to make room for the installation of new material and keep the collection as available as possible in the cramped quarters they occupy. Space for the organization and preparation of the Elihu Hall herbarium was gained by shifting a number of exhibition cases into a hollow square on the exhibition gallery and connecting the case with the preparatory room. In the Department of Geology three halls, Nos. 60, 61, and 62, which had been closed to the public for several years were reinstalled and reopened. In two of these halls are now exhibited numerous large, vertebrate fossils of Pleistocene age, including skeletons of the Cave Bear and large birds of New Zealand, the mastodon skull found at Yorkville, Illinois, and restorations of the giant sloth, large turtle, large armadillo or Glyptodon, and fossil shark jaws. Various bones of the mammoth and mastodon, small whales and Tertiary titanotheres are also shown in these halls, and a series of the large, corkscrew-like forms known as Daemonelix. In addition, a model of the above-ground work- ings of the Shui kao Shan lead mine, Hunan, China, has been installed in Hall 60. This model covers an area of about 170 square feet. It is enclosed in a case thirteen feet square and placed on a base three feet high. The case and base were constructed at the Museum, the model itself was the gift of the Chinese Commission to the Panama-Pacific International Exposition. The model illustrates on a scale of 1:135 the plant at the surface of the mine, and the ore dressing works at which the ore is prepared for smelting. The plant was built by European trained men and illustrates the extent and variety of operations carried on in modern mining. A large specimen of the ore obtained at the mine accompanies the exhibit. To the third hall, Hall 62, of the group recently opened, the petroleum collection previously exhibited in Alcove 107 was transferred, with some additions. As now installed, the collection comprises nine wall cases, two pyramidal floor cases and two flat floor cases of specimens. Of these cases, five are devoted to the petroleums produced in different oil fields, one to a quantitative exhibit of the products of one barrel of petroleum, four to various finished products of petroleum, and three to specimens of petroleum- bearing sands and rocks and their characteristic fossils. To the space left vacant in Alcove 107 by the removal of the petroleum exhibit, five cases containing stone and iron meteorites were moved and fully reinstalled. One of these cases was devoted to Canyon Diablo meteor- ites, of which the collection contains a large number of specimens vary- ing in weight from 1013 lbs. to a few ounces. The total weight of this meteorite thus exhibited is over 5,000 lbs. In other cases all the larger FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XIX. Type of Case loaned to Public Schools by the n. w. Harris Public School extension of field Museum. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. IOI stone and iron-stone meteorites were placed, the specimens being grouped so as to bring those of the same class together. At the same time the opportunity was improved to definitely group all the meteor- ites, the grouping being on the basis of a classification founded on structural features. In Hall 31a number of series have been rearranged with or without the addition of new material. One of these is a collec- tion of volcanic products which has been so reorganized as to exhibit the characteristic products of each locality in groups. At present, good series of the products of the volcanoes of Vesuvius, Popocatepetl, Kilauea, Sakurijima, the Auvergne region and many localities in the western United States are shown. A special addition made to the products of Vesuvius was a series of specimens of volcanic ash thrown out during the eruption of April, 1906. These specimens show the changes in the character of the ash during successive days of the erup- tion. Photographs of a recent eruption of Sakurijima were installed among the products of that volcano. Other additions made to the series of dynamical geological products in Hall 31 include six splendid specimens of zonal weathering which were collected by the Curator in Maine, specimens of dendrites similarly collected, a number of speci- mens of cone-in-cone structure, stylolites, etc., collected by the Curator in Illinois, and a number of specimens showing several varieties of weathering. Another change made in the installation of this hall was the removal to storage of the series of New York rocks and the installa- tion in its place of collections illustrating the uses of lime and of borax. In the collection illustrating lime and its uses, a number of varieties of limestone and lime from various localities are shown and following these, illustrations of chemical and agricultural uses of lime and limestone, uses of lime for paints, plasters, and cements, medical uses of lime, etc. In the borax collection are shown various borax minerals, various refined boraxes, and illustrations of the uses of borax in the arts. Another collection prepared and installed in this hall was one illustrating sources and uses of potash. Various rocks and minerals containing potash in appreciable quantities are exhibited in this collection and many of the finished products from these rocks, including not only potash but alumina, sulphuric acid, etc. The collection illustrating magnesia and its uses was considerably enlarged and rearranged, additions of Indian and Grecian magnesite, raw and calcined, being made, also of metallic magnesium, hydraulic cements, magnesia packing, etc. To the sulphur collection were added some interesting specimens of molded sulphur received from China. Some additions were also made to the economic barite and fluorite collections. A magnetic compass was installed in connection with the large specimen of lodestone in Hall 30, the compass io2 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. being supported on a pivoted brass arm in such a manner that it can be moved by the visitor in a semi-circle about the lodestone. The attrac- tion of the lodestone causes a reversal of the ends of the needle and a constant pointing of the needle towards the stone, thus illustrating its permanent magnetic properties. In Skiff Hall, a number of additional collections have been installed, space for introduction of new material having been gained by removal of some previously exhibited. In place of two cases of onyx, the case of products of coal received from the London, England, Gas Light and Coke Company was installed. This case con- tains over 200 large and showy specimens representing the products of coal, such as coke, ammonia compounds, carbolic acid, prussiates and cyanides, creosotes, dyes and pigments. The whole makes a brilliant and instructive exhibit and one of special interest at this time, since the domestic production of many of these compounds has become desirable in view of the difficulty of obtaining them from abroad. The exhibit is installed in a case received from the London Company, some alterations having been made in it to make it harmonize in appearance with the other cases in the hall. To other collections in the hall a large number of additions have been made, chiefly of material received from the Panama-Pacific International Exposition. The greatest of these addi- tions has been made to the tin ore collection. The additions include the splendid series of South African tin ores obtained through the gener- ous efforts of Mr. W. J. Chalmers, about an equal number of Bolivian tin ores, 15 specimens of Australian tin ores and some tin ores from scattering localities. Owing to increased interest in tungsten ores, this collection also was completely rearranged, and a full series from most of the important localities producing such ores at this time was pro- cured and exhibited. The collection of gold and silver ores of Ontario has been reinstalled with the addition of specimens representing several of the newly discovered gold districts. Part of the copper ore collections have been revised, with the addition of specimens representing the “porphyry” ores of the United States, and typical ores of copper mining districts of Bolivia, South Africa and China. A series of Chinese ores has been added to the iron ore collection. Specimens from the Panama-Pacific International Exposition and from the mate- rial received from Mr. W. J. Chalmers have been installed with the ores of gold, silver, lead, tungsten, and mercury, thus materially strengthening these collections. A collection from the potash deposits of Utah illustrating the ores and their aluminum salts which are their by-products, has been installed with the aluminum ores collection. A complete skeleton of the American camel Oxydactylus longipes, of the lower Miocene period, was installed in a floor case in Hall 36. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 103 This camel was remarkable for its size and slender structure, the slenderness being such as to make the skeleton difficult to mount. In order to obtain sufficient rigidity, steel sockets were set in the limb bones at intervals and these served as fastenings for pieces of half-round steel which were placed along the surfaces of the bones. In this way a firm but graceful mount was secured. The base of the mount was made of material imitative of the matrix in which the skeleton was found. In an adjoining case a fore leg of Alticamelus, another American camel remarkable for the size and length of its limb bones has been installed; and in still another case a number of skulls and limb bones of Miocene camels and horses have been placed. All of this material was col- lected by Museum expeditions in the western states. The skeleton of the saber tooth cat in this hall was transferred to a plaster base imitating the matrix from which it was taken. The series of Jurassic mollusks from Patagonia collected by Professor Salisbury has been in- stalled in Hall 36, and a case of Devonian fossils has been brought from Hall 61 and installed in this hall. In the paleontological laboratory the cleaning and mounting of a skeleton of Oxydactylus has been completed; a fore limb of Alticamelus has been prepared and mounted; a skeleton of a small, Miocene, burrowing carnivore found in one of the peculiar corkscrew-lilce forms occurring in Nebraska has been prepared for mounting; two partial skeletons of the Oligocene three-toed horse, Mesohippus bairdii, have been prepared, as have also a large skull of Diceratherium and fore limbs of the smallest Miocene horse, Merychip- pus; the mounting of a skeleton of a fossil wolf from the Los Angeles beds has been nearly completed and the skeleton of the saber tooth cat from the same locality has been transferred to a base imitative of the matrix from which the specimen was obtained. In the Department of Zoology the reinstallation of the shell exhibit has been continued during the year. Seven cases of shells were installed, 10 of the new A-cases now being filled. Of this number 7 have been permanently labeled. Some idea of the amount of work required to install a case may be formed when it is stated that one of those just filled contains 2,829 shells, most of which has to be mounted in a special man- ner and which required 718 tablets and almost the same number of individual shelves for their installation. In the Division of Osteology 337 skulls and 12 skeletons were prepared. Three skeletons were also prepared for the exhibition collection. The usual precautions were taken against the depredations of insect pests and all collections were disinfected. Most of the exhibition cases are now provided with devices which permit disinfection without opening the case. In the serial col- lection of mammals on exhibition, rearrangement and elimination of 104 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. duplicates and imperfect specimens has been commenced. Early in the year material in the taxidermists’ shop was thoroughly overhauled and a few old specimens of no value, were condemned and destroyed. The skin dresser has been occupied most of the time in preparing skins of large mammals recently obtained. The group of Alaska Moose has been finished and installed in an alcove of the west court. It is the largest single group thus far produced in the Museum shops and is undoubtedly the best representation of this splendid game animal in existence. In a case 24 feet in width and 12 feet in depth and provided with a large painted background the scene reproduced is of the interior of Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, with a foreground of poplars, willows, small spruce, and mixed low vegetation a background of lakes and streams and snow-clad mountains. Four animals are shown, an old bull, a young bull, an adult cow and a calf of the year. The skins of these are in the finest possible condition, having been personally collected, preserved, shipped, dressed and mounted by a taxidermist of the Museum force. The antlers of the old bull of this group are the largest of which there is authentic record, the total spread between outermost point being 78 yi inches. These “record” antlers have been in the possession of the Museum for some years and on account of their special interest it was decided to take them from storage and make them available to the public by placing them in this group even though it was necessary to associate them with the skin of an animal not the one which bore them originally. Therefore they were mounted with the skin of another old bull of very large size and the facts stated on the label. During the year work has progressed on other mammal groups notably the capybara and jaguar group which require the preparation of a large amount of artificial tropical vegetation. It is now almost ready for installation. Plans and preliminary models have been made for a new group of American Bison in which entirely fresh specimens of high quality will be used. The group formerly prepared under diffi- culties from relatively poor material has been dismantled. Living animals for the new group have been selected and as soon as they are in proper condition will be prepared for use by the Museum taxidermists, who will thus be able to take all necessary measurements and life studies. A few additions to the systematic exhibition of mammals have been made, the most important being a pair of Saiga antelope, a species from the steppes of western Asia having unusual amber-colored horns and long tubular overhanging nostrils. Other mammals added to this series include South American Cavies, the wild progenitors of Guinea pigs, African wild rats, and fresh specimens of North American hares. The fourth and final unit of the first four-section case of tropical FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS. PLATE XX. Chinese Gateway Carved from Teakwood. Made by the Orphanage of Sikkawei near Shanghai. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 105 bird groups was finished and installed. The group shown consists of birds characteristic of the low tropics of north-central Brazil where one of the Museum’s expeditions worked a few years ago. The most con- spicuous of these are the large tropical American storks known as the Jabiru. Others included with them are ibises, sun bitterns, gallinules, and boat bills. Thirty-six mounted birds from Argentine and twenty from North America, including a Passenger Pigeon, were added to the serial exhibition collection. The N. W. Harris public School Extension of Field Museum of Natural History. — At the close of the year 476 cases were available for circulation among the public schools, 86 cases having been installed during the year. Six cases were permanently withdrawn from the supply and sent to the Museum of History, Art and Science of Los Angeles. There are also many cases on hand in various stages of prep- aration and installation. Not only do the members of the staff of this Department install all of the specimens of birds, mammals, fishes, reptiles, and insects, but they collect and prepare them for installation as well. Nearly all of the butterflies and birds found in and around Chicago are represented either by specimens installed or by specimens that have been partially prepared for installation. In many of the cases in which birds, mammals and reptiles are shown, enlarged colored photographs of the habitat or of characteristic environments of the specimens, form backgrounds. These backgrounds add greatly to the naturalness of the taxidermy and to the realism of the accessories employed, and reduce the use and need of much of the latter. Sufficient time has elapsed since the inauguration of this work to permit competent judgment being passed upon the physical merits of the exhibition cases. It is gratifying to report that the type of case used has met all requirements demanded of it. The claim for the secureness of the installation of all specimens is well supported by the fact that thirty-four installed cases were transported by freight to San Francisco and returned, and not in a single instance was it necessary to repair any damage and in but one instance was it neces- sary to reinstall a specimen — that one being of a friable nature. The number now on hand of empty cases of the four and ten inch types is so small that a requisition for additional new cases will be made within a short time. It is more than likely, owing to space limita- tions, that with additional new cases some method, other than that now in use, for caring for empty and installed cases will have to be adopted. Representatives of the principals of the Chicago public schools expressed a desire to have types of the extension cases placed on permanent exhibition in one of the rooms of the Board of Education. 106 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. The school authorities sanctioned this request and granted permission to make the exhibition and designated for that purpose a room used by the principals and teachers as a committee room. Plans for dis- playing them are being perfected. An exchange of cases will be made. In compliance with the request of the president of the American Association of Museums to have an exhibit of the Museum extension cases made at a meeting of the association held in Washington, D. C., May 15-18, four cases were sent. In conjunction with the exhibition of the cases, there was read a brief paper prepared by the Curator on “The Development of The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum of Natural History.” Several cases containing birds have been loaned for a brief period to the Chicago Art Institute for the purpose of study by classes in nature study. A most pains- taking and thorough investigation of the methods of installing the cases and the system of recording and circulating them among the schools, was made by Professor Yaezo Wado of the Department of Natural Science, First National College, Tokio, Japan, with the view of introducing the same or similar methods in Japan. The Public Museum of Oakland, California has adopted for its extension work, cases and methods similar to those of this Department. As an evidence of the value of the cooperation between The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum of Natural History and the public schools of Chicago, the following letter from John D. Shoop, superintendent of schools, to Director Frederick J. V. Skiff, is offered : “I deem it a duty as well as I esteem it a privilege to write you in testimony of the results that, in the past few years, have attended the closer cooperation that has been established between the public schools and the Museum. “The bequest made by Mr. N. W. Harris has proved of great value to the schools. The exhibits that have been assembled under the direction of Mr. Simms are valuable factors in intensifying and enlarging the interest of the pupils in the spheres of industry and nature. I am cer- tain that you will be pleased to know that the movement made possible through the benevolence of Mr. Harris is eventuating in so much of interest and profit to our public school system.” Photography and Illustration. — The following is a tabulation of the work performed in this section: Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 107 Number of Number of 6^x8 M Posi- Number of Negatives tivesmade. Number of Number of Enlarge- developed Used in Negatives Number of Lantern ments forExpe- making large made Prints made Slides made made ditions Negatives General .... 16 61 Anthropology . . . 232 146 18 Botany .... 10 61 10 Geology 22 68 10 4 Zoology .... . . 6 180 6 Harris Extension . . . 6 7 Distribution 56 Gift 94 Sale 137 2 Totals .... . 292 810 20 10 16 4 Total number of Catalogue entries during year 1916 1,152 Total number of Catalogue entries to December 31, 1916 . ■ 114,455 Total number of Record Books 20 printing. — The number of labels and other impressions made by the Section of Printing is as follows : Anthropology Botany Geology Zoology Library General N. W. Harris Public School Extension . Exhibition Other Labels Impressions 4,509 1,250 234 30,200 1,478 1,000 2,560 150 3,250 17,730 LO36 2,950 Herewith are also submitted financial statements, list of accessions, names of members, etc., etc. Frederick J. V. Skiff, Director. io8 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Financial Statement RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS January 1, 1916, to December 31, 1916 Receipts Cash in Treasurer’s hands, General Fund, December 31, 1915 . Cash in Treasurer’s hands, New Exhibition Cases Fund, December 31, 1915 Cash in Treasurer’s hands, Endowment Sinking Fund, December 31, 1915 Petty Cash on hand, December 31, 1915 Dues of Life Members Dues of Annual Members Admissions and Check Rooms Sale of Guides (Profit) South Park Commissioners Interest on Investments and Bank Balances Field Endowment Income Field Endowment Sinking Fund Field Endowment Sinking Fund Investments retired Field Endowment Sinking Fund Income Life Memberships Fund Income Life Memberships Fund Investments retired New Exhibition Cases Fund Investments retired New Exhibition Cases Fund Income New Building Moving and Furnishing Fund Income Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Fund Stanley Field Ornithology Fund Arthur B. Jones Buffalo Group Fund H. W. Jackson Library Fund Income Donations: W. J. Chalmers $ 20.00 Arthur B. Jones 60.00 Homer E. Sargent 200.00 Sale of Picture Postal Cards Guards’ Uniform Account . Sundry Receipts . $4,126.39 91771 36.00 739-95 23,600.00 990.00 5413.35 220.25 15,000.00 9,652.15 131,500.00 1,199.61 309.26 259-32 327.97 3,907.88 4,850.00 429.39 325.00 100.00 1,000.00 472.72 40.00 280.00 661.92 31150 68.33 $206,738.70 Jan., 1917. Annual Report oe the Director. 109 Disbursements Salaries . $71,161.98 Guard Service 12,006.13 Janitor Service ............ 6,807.34 Fire Protection 3,306.64 Light and Heat ............ 13,132.28 Repairs and Alterations: Wages — Carpenters, Painters, Roofers, etc. . . $7, 799.01 Materials used — lumber, paints, oils, glass, etc. . 554-83 8,353.84 Furniture and Fixtures: Cases and Bases 5,365.00 Office Furniture and Herbarium Cases .... 845.00 6,210.00 The Library: Books and Periodicals 805.60 Binding 552.85 Sundries 136.98 1,495.43 Collections, etc., purchased 14,848.28 Installation expense 2,158.79 Expeditions 18.55 Publications 1,587.21 Picture Postal Cards . 232.65 Sections of Photography and Printing — Supplies . . 323.44 General Expense Account: Freight , Expressage and T earning $3,211.65 Stationery, Postage and Telephone 826.48 Liability Insurance 663.52 Sundries ............. 1,500.09 4,201.74 Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Fund 78.55 Arthur B. Jones Buffalo Group Fund ...... 125.00 Stanley Field Ornithology Fund . 925.00 H. W. Jackson Library Fund — Investments. . . . 20.00 New Building Moving and Furnishing Fund — Invest- ments 23,400.00 Life Memberships Fund — Investments 26,321.25 Picture Postal Cards Fund — Certificate of Deposit . 375-76 Endowment Sinking Fund — Investments .... 1,010.00 General Fund Investments (In Suspense) .... 2,225.00 $200,324.86 In Treasurer’s hands, December 31, 1916: General Fund $2,188.49 New Exhibition Cases Fund 791.60 Life Memberships Fund 1,514.60 Sundry other Funds 1,179.20 5,673.89 Petty Cash on hand, December 31, 1916 739-95 $206,738.70 no Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. ATTENDANCE AND RECEIPTS FROM JANUARY 1 TO DECEMBER 31, 1916 Attendance. Paid Attendance: Adults 18,088 Children 1,827 19,915 Free Admission on Pay Days: School Children 5,933 Students 3,179 Teachers 605 Members: Corporate 29 Annual 31 Life 6 Officers’ Families 41 Special 84 Press 2 9,910 Admissions on Free Days: Saturdays 40,779 Sundays 136,439 177,218 Total Attendance 207,043 Highest Attendance on any one day (July 9, 1916) . . 7,686 Highest Paid Attendance on any one day (July 4, 1916) 640 Average Daily Admissions (364 days) 568 Average Paid Attendance (258 days) 77 Receipts. Guides sold — 881 at 25 cents each ..... $ 220.25 Articles checked — 14,159 at 5 cents each .... 707.95 Admissions 4,705.40 #5,633-60 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXI. Restoration of Jaw of Fossil shark ( Carcharodon ), with Jaw of Modern Shark (within) for Comparison. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. hi Accessions. DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY (Accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated.) AYER, E. E., Chicago. 38 objects of stone comprising milling stones, small mortar, pestles, balls, celts, grooved axes and hammers — near Phoenix, Arizona. 6 buckskin dance skirts, 2 dance aprons, 3 ceremonial feather headbands, 1 basket quiver — California. BARRETT, MRS. S. E., Chicago. 1 large green quartz image — Mexico. CHINESE COMMISSION AT THE PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, SAN FRANCISCO, California. 1 sulphur statuette — Shansi Province, China. 8 musical instruments — China. DURNO, W. F., Chicago. 4 Japanese books on sword-guards — Japan. FIELD, STANLEY, Chicago. 1 chert spear-head — Lake Bluff, Illinois. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Purchases: 1 carved teakwood gateway and 84 models of Chinese pagodas — Sikkawei, near Shanghai, China. 1 Tibetan silver image, inlaid with pearls, turquoises, and corals, made in Lhasa — Tibet. 1056 flint implements and 20 casts — Northern France. 1 banded slate celt — Bradyville, Tennessee. 2 ancient Buddhist stone-relief sculptures — Peshawar, India. 800 specimens archaeological material — Mexico. 7 Navaho blankets — Fort Wingate, New Mexico. FREER, CHARLES L., Detroit, Michigan. Reproduction of famous landscape roll by Ma Yuan, with pamphlet — China. GUNSAULUS, DR. FRANK W., Chicago. 926 Japanese sword-guards and sword furniture. HOLBROOK, MISS FLORENCE, Chicago. 4 specimens Eskimo boots, gloves, and pocket-book, of sealskin — Greenland. MAC DOWELL, C. H., Chicago. 1 stone celt — Malmo, Sweden. MARTIN, HENRI, Paris, France. 100 fragments of bones, human and animal, and 125 specimens of flints — La Quina and St. Croix, France (exchange). 1 cast of prehistoric skull (exchange). 1 12 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. MOORE, CLARENCE B., Philadelphia, Pa. i plaster cast of monolithic hatchet — Moundville, Alabama. NEUBERGER, LOUIS, Chicago. 1 bow and 6 arrows — Philippines. PARKER, LUTHER, San Francisco, Cal. 125 ancient fragments of pottery, skulls, and other material from caves; basketry — Philippine Islands. SARGENT, HOMER E., Chicago. 2 fine old Navaho blankets, one of bayeta. 162 specimens of prehistoric pottery — Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Mexico. 20 feather plumes used in deer-skin dance of the Karok — California. SILVA, DR. SIMOENS DA, Rio Janeiro, Brazil. 1 axe, 1 grooved stone implement, 1 pestle of diabase — Brazil (exchange). SMITH, FRED. M., Chicago. 1 Indian saddle complete with stirrups — Nebraska (exchange). SMITH, MRS. E. S., Chicago. Beaded shoulder bag and beaded belt — O jib way Indians. SPRAGUE, ALBERT A., 2nd, Chicago. 1 grooved stone axe — Chicago. STARKEY, MRS. HORACE M., Chicago. 1 feather cape — Sandwich Islands. DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY (accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated.) AMES, OAKES, North Easton, Mass. 258 herbarium specimens — Philippine Islands (exchange). ARGENTINE REPUBLIC COMMISSION AT PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, San Francisco, Cal. 18 planks of various woods, 3 Quebracho products, 24 herbarium speci- mens — Argentine Republic. BALL, CARLETON R., Washington, D. C. 30 herbarium specimens — various localities, BRENCKLE, J. F., Chicago. 82 herbarium specimens — various localities. COPULOS, MILTON D., Chicago. 4 photographs of plant reproductions. De SELM, JUDGE ARTHUR W., Kankakee, 111. 1 herbarium specimen — Illinois. ELK TANNING COMPANY, Ridgeway, Pa. 7 specimens tan barks — Bahia, Brazil. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collated by C, F. Millspaugh: 102 illustrations and descriptions of plants mounted as herbarium specimens. Collected by O. E. Lansing, Jr., and E. E. Sherff: 92 herbarium specimens — Illinois. Purchases: 398 herbarium specimens — Alberta, Canada. 485 herbarium specimens — Philippine Islands. Jan., 1917. Annual Report op the Director. 113 371 herbarium specimens — California. 151 herbarium specimens — Philippine Islands. 335 herbarium specimens — Florida. FILER, FRANK R., Chicago. 46 herbarium specimens — Illinois. GAUMER, GEORGE F., Izamal, Yucatan, Mexico. 314 herbarium specimens — Yucatan. GRECIAN COMMISSION AT PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, San Francisco, Cal. 4 olive products — Greece. GRANT, J. M., Sequin, Washington. 76 herbarium specimens — Washington (exchange). HALL, ELIHU, FAMILY OF, Athens, 111. The private herbarium of Elihu Hall. HAWLEY, MRS. HELEN D., Cedars, Canada. Her private herbarium — various localities. HANSEN, A. A., State College, Pa. 1 herbarium specimen — Pennsylvania. HYNES, J. A., Chicago. 1 skeletonized leaf ( Magnolia macro phylla) — Germany. JOHNSON, FRANK W., Chicago. 77 herbarium specimens — Michigan. KING, MISS ANNA A., Highland Park, 111. 397 herbarium specimens — Kentucky. MARSH, C. D., Salina, Utah. 3 herbarium specimens — Utah. MILLSPAUGH, C. F., Chicago. 30 herbarium specimens — Wisconsin. 9 specimens seeds — market. 2 specimens seeds — various localities. 1 plant description. 1 drawing — seeds of Salix. MILLSPAUGH, C. F., and LANSING, O. E., JR., Chicago. 22 herbarium specimens — Illinois and Indiana. NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, New York City. 7 photographs of herbarium specimens — Cuba (exchange). 1442 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). PARISH, S. B., San Bernardino, Cal. 1 herbarium specimen — California. PEACOCK, MISS BESS REED, Roswell, New Mexico. 1 1 herbarium specimens — New Mexico. SHERFF, EARL E., Chicago. 25 herbarium specimens — various localities. U. S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Washington, D C. 5 photographs of type species — various localities (exchange). 410 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, Berkeley, Cal. 129 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). 1 14 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY (accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated.) ALABASTER ART CO., Chicago. 2 statuettes, plain and bronze finish. ALEXANDER, W. B., Scales Mound, 111. 20 specimens vanadinite — near Tucson, Arizona. AMERICAN BRONZE CO., Berwyn, Pa. 3 specimens bronze — Berwyn, Pa. AMERICAN COAL PRODUCTS CO., New York City. Chart showing products derived from coal. AMERICAN SHEET AND TIN PLATE CO., Chicago. 3 specimens showing manufacture of tin and terne plate. ARMOUR FERTILIZER WORKS, Chicago. 13 specimens of alunite and products, 2 specimens synthetic nitrogen products — various localities. ART STONE CO., THE, Waynesboro, Pa. 4 specimens scagliola — Waynesboro, Pa. AUSTRALIAN COMMISSION AT PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, San Francisco, Cal. 61 specimens of ores and minerals — New South Wales. BARRETT COMPANY, New York City. 1 coal tar “tree.” BASS, W. W., Grand Canyon, Arizona. 3 specimens copper and silver ores, 1 specimen asbestos — Grand Canyon, Ariz. BOLIVIAN COMMISSION AT PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, San Francisco, Cal. 80 specimens ores and minerals — Bolivia. BRANT, A. J., South Porcupine, Ontario. 1 specimen gold ore — Porcupine District, Ontario. 1 specimen gold ore — Baston Creek, Ontario. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, Chloride, Arizona. 75 specimens ores — Chloride District, Ariz. CHALMERS, W. J., Chicago. 2 tourmaline crystals — Mesa Grande, Cal. 1 specimen crystallized gold — French Guiana. CHINESE COMMISSION AT PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, San Francisco, Cal. 291 specimens ores and minerals and model of Shui Kao Shan lead mining and ere dressing works — China. CORY, C. B., Chicago. 1 specimen marl — Oconto Co., Wis. CROWN POINT SPAR CO., Crown Point, N. Y. 4 specimens pegmatite and 6 specimens crushed pegmatite — Essex Co., N. Y. EMERSON, J. H., Porcupine, Ontario. 1 specimen asbestos — Porcupine District, Ont. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 115 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by O. C. Farrington: 8 specimens fossil ferns, 24 specimens cone-in-cone, stylolites, etc., 5 specimens hydraulic lime, 2 specimens shale — LaSalle Co., 111. 33 specimens red and green tourmaline, beryl, herderite, lepidolite, garnet, etc., 18 specimens dendrite on quartz and beryl, 8 specimens con- centric weathering, 16 miscellaneous — Oxford Co., Maine. Collected by H. W. Nichols: 1 specimen river pebble — Fox River, 111. 4 specimens quartz veins and 3 specimens rocks — Porcupine District, Ont. 19 specimens porphyry copper ores, gypsum, breccia, fossil shells and corals — Arizona and New Mexico. Purchases: 1 meteorite — Plainview, Texas. 4 specimens meteorites — various localities. 1 iron meteorite — Batavia, N. Y. 8 specimens australites — Sydney, Australia. 3 specimens agrite — Germany. 1 section Cookeville meteorite — Cookeville, Tenn. FULLER’S EARTH CO., Somerville, Tex. 1 specimen fuller’s earth — Somerville, Tex. GALLAGHER, J. F., Chicago. 25 specimens mineral abrasives and rocks — various localities. 1 specimen fibrous serpentine — Rudolph, Wis. GARDEN CITY SAND CO., Chicago. 1 specimen hydrated lime, 4 specimens cement facings, 1 specimen arti- ficial Caen stone. GOVERNOR AND COURT OF DIRECTORS, GAS LIGHT AND COKE CO., London, England. Collection illustrating by-products of gas manufacture, with case — London, England. GREEK COMMISSION AT PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, San Francisco, Cal. 315 specimens ores and mineral products — Greece. HEATH, C. L., South Porcupine, Ontario. 4 specimens gold ore — Tashota, Kowkash District and Swastika, Ont. HIGMAN, W. G., South Porcupine, Ontario. 1 specimen scheelite — Porcupine District, Ont. HOTCHKIN, M. W., Kirkland Lake, Ontario. 1 specimen gold ore — Tough-Oakes Mine, Ont. HUGHES, ROBERT W., Miami, Arizona. 4 specimens chalcocite pseudomorph after pyrite — Miami, Ariz. INDIANA QUARRIES CO., Bedford, Indiana. 4 specimens lime and dressed limestone — Bedford, Ind. JACKSON, ALLEN W., Temagami, Ontario. 1 specimen silver ore — Cobalt, Ont. JEWELL, FRED, Osborn, Kansas. 1 section of ammonite — near Harlan, Kas. KNIGHT, S. H., Laramie, Wyoming. 3 specimens orendite and wyomingite — Leucite Hills, Wyo. n6 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. LEEUWPOORT (AFRICAN FARMS) TIN MINES, LTD.— Leeuwpoort, Transvaal, South Africa. 3 specimens tin ores — Leeuwpoort, Transvaal, So. Africa. LONG, TONY, Chicago. Fossil trilobite — Thornton, 111. LOUISVILLE CEMENT CO., Milltown, Indiana. 4 specimens lime and limestone — Milltown, Ind. MAC DOWELL, C. H., Chicago. 2 specimens molybdenite — Peru. MARSH, C. H., Marshfield, Oregon. i specimen melanterite — Beaver Hill, Ore. MARTIN, F. E., Chicago. i specimen barite — Elizabethtown, 111. MCALLISTER, MRS. JOHN, North Waterford, Maine. 1 specimen diatomaceous earth — North Waterford, Me. MESSINA DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, LTD., Messina, Transvaal, South Africa. 3 specimens copper ores — Messina, Transvaal, So. Africa. MOON, MRS. C. P., Chicago. 15 specimens rocks and minerals — various localities. MORONEY, JOHN J., Chicago. 2 specimens paper clay — near Macon, Ga. MOSELEY, E. L., Bowling Green, Ohio. 8 specimens fossil shells, fossil coral, celestite and silver ore — Ohio and Nevada. NEW ZEALAND COMMISSION AT PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNA- TIONAL EXPOSITION, San Francisco, Cal. Restoration of Moa — New Zealand. NICHOLAS, DR. F. C., New York City. 2 specimens iron ores — Nogales, Ariz. NORTON LABORATORIES, INC., Lockport, N. Y. 1 bar metallic magnesium. PATNAUDE, L. N., Platteville, Wisconsin. 1 specimen zinc ore — Klar-Piquette Mine, Platteville, Wis. PATTEE, FRED, Chicago. 1 specimen asbestos — near Casper, Wyoming. PIONEER ASPHALT COMPANY, Lawrenceville, Illinois. 5 specimens asphalt products. PRUDEN, HARRY B., Chicago. 1 specimen powdered coal — Chicago. ROBINSON, C. H., Normal, Illinois. 34 specimens wind-polished pebbles — Musk Rat Canyon, Wyo. RODDY, F. JUSTIN, Millersville, Pa. 13 specimens stream concretions — Little Conestoga Creek, Millersville, Pa* (exchange). ROOIBERG MINERALS DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, LTD., Rooiberg, Transvaal, So. Africa. 8 specimens tin ores — Rooiberg, So. Africa. RUEL, J. G., Chicago. 12 specimens Indiana limestone — Bedford, Ind. 3 specimens soils — near Pensacola, Fla. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXII. Group of Alaskan moose alces americanus gigas '(Miller). Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 117 SALA, C. A., Chicago. 12 specimens crystallized topaz, transparent beryl, crystallized tourmaline — Mesa Grande, Cal. SALISBURY, R. D., Chicago. 47 specimens fossil shells — Piedra del Aquila, Neugnen, Patagonia. SCHROTT, FRED L., Salt Lake City, Utah. 2 specimens gold ore and 1 specimen cinnabar — Stanley, Idaho. SHNABLE AND QUINN, Blue Island, 111. 1 specimen orthoceras annulatum, 1 specimen cyrtoceras — Blue Island, 111. SPRAGUE, ALBERT A., II, AND PORTER, GEORGE F., Chicago. 150 specimens wind-polished pebbles — Musk Rat Canyon, Wyo. STE. GENEVIEVE LIME COMPANY, St. Louis, Mo. 3 specimens lime and limestone — Ste. Genevieve, Mo. THURSTON, DR. FREDUS A., Chicago. 1 specimen stratified clay — Parry Sound, Ont. TITANIUM ALLOY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Niagara Falls, New York. 2 specimens ferro-titanium alloys, 1 specimen metallic titanium. TRANSVAAL CONSOLIDATED LAND AND EXPLORATION COMPANY, LTD., Johannesburg, So. Africa. 9 specimens tin ores — Mbabane, Swaziland, So. Africa. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, Washington, D. C. 1 etched section of Dalton meteorite — Dalton, Ga. (exchange). 71 grams Lake Okechobee meteorite — Lake Okechobee, Fla. (exchange). UNITED STATES TUNGSTEN CORPORATION, Ely, Nevada. 1 specimen rich tungsten ore — Ely, Nev. WESTON, RALPH C., Los Angeles, Cal. 1 specimen gold ore — Oatman District, Ariz. 9 specimens rocks and minerals — Oatman District, Ariz. WHITEHALL, C. C., Silver City, New Mexico. 4 specimens invertebrate fossils — Silver City, New Mexico. WISCONSIN ZINC COMPANY, Platteville, Wis. 2 specimens blende and galena — Empire Mine, Platteville, Wis. WOODVILLE LIME AND CEMENT COMPANY, Toledo, Ohio. 3 specimens limestone and lime — Woodville, Ohio. ZAAIPLAATS TIN MINING COMPANY, LTD., Sterkwater, Potgietersrust, Transvaal, So. Africa. 16 specimens tin ores — Sterkwater, Potgietersrust, Transvaal, So. Africa. DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY (accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated.) ARGENTINE COMMISSION, PANAMA-PACIFIC INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION, San Francisco, Cal. 76 birds, 1 mammal — Argentina, So. Amer. 57 mammal skins — Argentina, So. Amer. AVINOFF, ANDREW, New York City. 17 butterflies — Kashmir, India (exchange). n8 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. BARNES, JUDGE R. M., Lacon, 111. i Blue Goose. BRANDLER, CHARLES, Chicago. I weasel, with skull — North Branch, Lake Co., Minn. CHAVES, DIOCLECIANO, Managua, Nicaragua. 152 butterflies and moths — Managua, Nicaragua. CLARK, B. PRESTON, Boston, Mass. 63 Hawk moths — various localities (exchange). COLLINS-DAY EXPEDITION. 215 bird skins — South America. DERBY, W. M., Chicago. 1 hybrid duck. DOHMEN, U. A., Chicago. 1 scorpion — Chicago. ECKSTROM, FANNIE H., Brewer, Me. 1 Star-nosed Mole. EVANS, CHARLES L., Chetek, Wis. 1 Star-nosed Mole — Wisconsin. FARRINGTON, O. C., Chicago. 8 specimens shells (16- valves) — Lake Keewaydin, Stoneham, Me. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Purchases: 1 Alaska red fox. 1 egg, Aepyornis maximus — Madagascar. 1 13 mammals (skins and skulls), 22 mammals in alcohol — Bolivia. 175 bird skins — various parts of Europe. 3 weaver birds’ nests — Ambala, The Punjab, British India. 3 prairie hares — Kansas. FRIESSER, JULIUS, Chicago. 1 Long-billed Marsh Wren ( Telmatodytes palustris ) — Chicago. GETZ, GEORGE F., Chicago. 1 dromedary — Damascus. GUNDER, J. D., Chicago. 1 homtail — Yellowstone National Park. HARRIS, N. W., PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION OF FIELD MUSEUM, Chicago. 42 flies, beetles, sawflies and gall insects — Northern Indiana and Illinois. HILL, CHARLES A., San Francisco, Cal. 1 beetle and 1 velvet-ant — Los Angeles and Orange Co., Park, Cal. LAUFER, BERTHOLD, Chicago. 2 beetles — China. LEOPOLD, N., JR., Chicago. 1 praying-mantis — Elkins Park, Virginia. LILJEBLAD, E., Chicago. 8 moths and beetles — Northern Illinois and Indiana. LINCOLN PARK ZOO, Chicago. I mandrill. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 119 MAIN, W. W., Maryhill, Washington. 1 nighthawk and cliff swallow’s nest and eggs — Maryhill, Wash. McGRANER, A. C., Ancon, Panama. 1 scorpion and 5 snakes — head waters of Chagres River, Panama. OWEN, CHARLES L., Chicago. 9 beetles — Chicago. OWEN, V. W., Los Angeles, Cal. 14 dragonflies, bugs, grasshopper and katydid — Cochise Co., Ariz. PRAY, L. L., Chicago. 1 raccoon and one black squirrel (exchange). SKINNER, MRS. JANE B., Chicago. 1 mounted peacock. SODERBERG. MISS ELSIE, Chicago, 1 King Rail - — Chicago. STAUFFER, D. L., Chicago. 1 Diamond rattlesnake — near San Antonio, Tex. STODDARD, H. L., Chicago. 1 Long-tailed Jaeger — Dune Park, Porter Co., Ind. 3 cicadas — Miller, Indiana. STUMP, MRS. H. E„ Chicago. 2 mounted California quail. WALKER, ERNEST P., Wrangell, Alaska. 37 Alaskan mammals (exchange). WALTERS, L. L., Chicago. 1 chipmunk — near Jordan, Montana. WEBER, C. M., Balabac, P. I. 1 mouse deer and one civet — Philippine Islands. WILLARD, F. C., Tombstone, Ariz. 1 skin of fawn of white- tailed deer — - near Tombstone, Arizona. 1 assassin bug — Tombstone, Arizona. WILLIAMSON, E. B., Bluffton, Ind. 2 Great-horned Owls and 1 Red-tailed Hawk. WOLCOTT, A. B., Chicago. 1 fly and 1 bug — Chicago. WOODBURY, FRANCES S., Chicago. 1 alligator and 1 fish — Florida. SECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHY (accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated.) FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Made by the Section: 292 negatives of Museum specimens, etc., 860 prints and lantern slides. GUNSAULUS, FRANK W., Chicago. 1796 negatives of sword guards. NICKERSON, MISS G., Pasadena, Calif. 20 photographs of California Indians. 120 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. THE LIBRARY BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, AND SERIALS (accessions are by exchange unless otherwise desginated) ALABAMA Geological Survey, University 2 ARIZONA Agricultural Experiment Station, Tucson 2 CALIFORNIA Agricultural Experiment Station, Berkeley 2 California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco 2 California State Board of Forestry, Sacramento 1 California University, Berkeley 13 Cooper Ornithological Club, Hollywood 2 Leland Stanford Junior University, Stanford University '. 2 Lorquin Natural History Club, Los Angeles 4 Panama Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco (gift) . . . .100 Pioneer Western Lumberman, Sacramento (gift) 1 Pomona College, Claremont 1 San Diego Society of Natural History 1 Southern California Academy of Sciences, Los Angeles 1 State Mining Bureau, Sacramento 6 COLORADO Agricultural Experiment Station, Fort Collins 1 1 Colorado College, Colorado Springs 2 Colorado Geological Survey, Boulder 8 Colorado Museum of Natural History, Denver 2 Colorado School of Mines, Golden 10 Colorado Scientific Society, Denver 2 State Historical and Natural History Society, Denver 5 CONNECTICUT . . Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven 5 American Oriental Society, New Haven 1 Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Haven ..... 2 Hartford Public Library 2 State Forester, Hartford 1 Wadsworth Athenaeum, Hartford I Yale University, New Haven 4 DELAWARE Agricultural Experiment Station, Newark . I FLORIDA Agricultural Experiment Station, Tallahassee 4 State Geological Survey, Tallahassee 1 GEORGIA Geological Survey, Atlanta 1 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS Agricultural Experiment Station, Honolulu 2 Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu 2 Board of Agriculture and Forestry, Honolulu 1 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXIII. Jade antiquities from Mexico. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 121 IDAHO Inspector of Mines, Boise 1 University of Idaho, Moscow 1 ILLINOIS Art Institute of Chicago 2 Cement World Publishing Company, Chicago (gift) 1 Chicago Historical Society 1 Chicago Public Library 2 Dial Publishing Company, Chicago 2 Forest and Stream Publishing Company, Chicago 2 Hardwood Record, Chicago (gift) 2 Illinois Audubon Society, Chicago (gift) 1 Inland Printer Publishing Company, Chicago . 2 John Crerar Library 1 Kenfield-Leach Company, Chicago . 2 Lake Forest College I •Lewis Institute, Chicago 1 Mining World Publishing Company 2 Newberry Library, Chicago 1 Open Court Publishing Company, Chicago 1 Peoria Public Library 1 Special Park Commission, Chicago 1 State Board of Agriculture, Springfield 4 State Entomologist, Springfield 2 State Geological Survey, Urbana 2 State Historical Library, Springfield 3 State Laboratory of Natural History, Urbana 2 University of Chicago 5 University of Illinois, Urbana 10 INDIANA Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Indianapolis .... 1 Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis 1 John Herron Art Institute, Indianapolis 2 Notre Dame University 1 Purdue University, Lafayette 10 State Board of Forestry, Indianapolis (gift) 1 IOWA Iowa State Horticultural Society, Des Moines 1 State College of Agriculture, Ames 1 St£*te Historical Department, Des Moines 1 University of Iowa, Iowa City 2 KANSAS Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan 8 State Board of Agriculture, Topeka 4 State Historical Society, Topeka 1 KENTUCKY Agricultural Experiment Station, Lexington 4 LOUISIANA Agricultural Experiment Station, Baton Rouge 6 Commission Panama-Pacific International Exposition, Baton Rouge . . 1 122 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Commissioner of Agriculture and Immigration, Baton Rouge .... i Louisiana Historical Society, New Orleans (gift) i Louisiana State Museum, New Orleans i MAINE Agricultural Experiment Station, Orono 4 Bowdoin College, Brunswick 1 Portland Public Library 1 MARYLAND Agricultural Experiment Station, College Park 1 Enoch Pratt Free Library, Baltimore 2 Geological Survey, Baltimore 2 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 1 Maryland Physiological Researches, Baltimore 1 State Board of Forestry, Baltimore 1 State Horticultural Society, College Park 2 MASSACHUSETTS Agricultural Experiment Station, Amherst 8 American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Boston 28 American Antiquarian Society, Boston 2 Amherst College 1 Archaeological Institute of America, Boston 1 Boston Museum of Fine Arts 2 Boston Public Library 1 Boston Society of Natural History 1 Cambridge Public Library 1 Clark University, Worcester 1 Essex Institute, Salem 2 Harvard College, Cambridge 2 Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge 2 Horticultural Society, Boston 2 Institute of Technology, Boston 1 New Bedford Free Public Library 2 Peabody Institute, Peabody 1 Peabody Museum, Cambridge 2 Peabody Museum, Salem 1 Phillips Academy, Andover I Salem Public Library 2 Springfield Library Association 1 Springfield Natural History Museum 1 Tufts College, Boston 4 United Shoe Machinery Company, Beverly (gift) 4 Williams College, Williamstown 2 Worcester Free Public Library 1 MICHIGAN Academy of Sciences, Ann Arbor I Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College 6 Department of Parks and Boulevards, Detroit 3 Detroit Museum of Art I Geological and Biological Survey, Lansing 3 Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 123 Grand Rapids Public Library 2 Michigan College of Mines, Houghton 1 National Educational Association of the United States, Ann Arbor . . 1 State Board of Agriculture, Lansing 1 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 3 MINNESOTA Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Paul 6 Minneapolis Historical Society, St. Paul 2 Minnesota Geological Survey, Minneapolis 1 St. Paul Institute (gift) 1 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 3 MISSISSIPPI Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College 1 Mississippi Geological Survey, Jackson 2 MISSOURI Agricultural Experiment Station, Columbia 6 Bureau of Geology and Mines, Jefferson City 2 City Art Museum, St. Louis 2 Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis 1 St. Louis Academy of Sciences 1 St. Louis Mercantile Library Association 1 St. Louis Public Library 2 St. Louis University 1 State Historical Society, Columbia 2 Washington University, St. Louis 1 MONTANA Agricultural Experiment Station, Bozeman 1 Montana State University, Missoula I NEBRASKA Agricultural Experiment Station, Lincoln 2 University of Nebraska, Lincoln 2 NEW HAMPSHIRE College of Agriculture, Durham 4 NEW JERSEY Agricultural Experiment Station, Trenton 8 Craftsman, Eastwood (gift) 2 Department of Conservation and Development, Trenton 1 New Jersey Horticultural Society, Trenton 1 Newark Museum Association (gift) 8 Newark Public Library 1 State Museum, Trenton 2 Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken . 1 NEW MEXICO Agricultural Experiment Station, Mesilla Park 3 Museum of New Mexico, Santa F6 1 State School of Mines, Socorro 1 NEW YORK Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva 6 American Geographical Society, New York City 2 i24 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. American Institute of Mining Engineers, New York City 2 American Museum of Natural History, New York City 23 Brooklyn Botanic Garden 12 Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences .......... 4 Buffalo Historical Society 1 Buffalo Public Library . . 1 Buffalo Society of Natural History 1 Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, New York City . 1 Columbia University, New York City 1 Cornell University, Ithaca 2 Conservation Commission, Albany 1 Forestry Quarterly, Ithaca 1 Japan Society, New York City (gift) 1 Lake Mohonk Conference of International Arbitration 1 Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City 2 Munn and Company, New York City (gift) ......... 2 Museum of the American Indian, New York City . 3 National Association of Audubon Societies, New York City .... 1 New York Academy of Sciences, New York City 1 New York Botanical Garden, New York City 1 Pratt Institute Free Library, Brooklyn 2 Public Library, New York City 1 Rockefeller Foundation, New York City 1 State College of Forestry, Syracuse 3 State Library, Albany 9 Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences, New York City ... 2 Zoological Society, New York City 3 NORTH CAROLINA Agricultural Experiment Station, Raleigh 2 Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, Chapel Hill 1 Geological and Economic Survey, Raleigh 2 NORTH DAKOTA University of North Dakota, University 1 OHIO Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster 14 Cincinnati Museum Association 2 Cleveland Museum of Art 1 Cleveland Public Library 2 Denison University, Granville 1 Geological Survey, Columbus 1 Lloyd Library, Cincinnati 2 Marietta College 1 Oberlin College 1 Ohio State Academy of Science, Columbus 1 State Archaeological and Historical Society, Columbus 1 State University, Columbus 15 University of Cincinnati 2 Wilson Ornithological Club, Oberlin 1 OKLAHOMA Agricultural Experiment Station, Stillwater 3 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXIV. Collection Illustrating By-products of Gas Manufacture. * Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 125 OREGON Agricultural Experiment Station, Corvallis (gift) 5 Fish and Game Commission, Corvallis 3 Timberman, Portland (gift) I PENNSYLVANIA Agricultural Experiment Station, Harrisburg 1 American Entomological Society, Philadelphia 6 American Journal of Pharmacy, Philadelphia . 1 American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia 1 Association of Engineering Societies, Philadelphia 2 Bryn Mawr College 1 Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh 2 Carnegie Library, Pittsburgh .............. 4 Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh 14 Delaware County Institute of Science, Media ......... 1 Engineers’ Society of Western Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh 2 Franklin Institute, Philadelphia 2 Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art, Philadelphia ... 1 Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences . 1 Philadelphia College of Physicians 1 Philadelphia Commercial Museum 1 Philadelphia Numismatics and Antiquarian Society ....... 1 State Department of Agriculture, Harrisburg 3 United States Indian School, Carlyle 2 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 2 Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia 1 Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia 6 Wyoming Historical and Geological Society, Wilkes-Barre 1 PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Bureau of Education, Manila . 5 Department of the Interior, Bureau of Science, Manila ...... 8 Philippine Library, Manila 1 RHODE ISLAND Providence Public Library . 1 Roger Williams Park Museum, Providence 1 SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston Museum 1 TENNESSEE Agricultural Experiment Station, Nashville . 2 State Board of Entomology, Nashville 1 TEXAS International Society of Archaeologists, Hico 2 Scientific Society, San Antonio 1 Texas Folklore Society, Austin 1 University of Texas, Austin 1 VERMONT University of Vermont, Burlington 3 VIRGINIA Agricultural Experiment Society, Blacksburg 1 Geological Survey, Charlottesville 2 126 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. University of Virginia, Charlottesville Virginia State Library, Richmond I WASHINGTON State Library, Seattle 3 WASHINGTON D. C. Biological Society National Academy of Sciences National Geographic Society Pan American Union United States Government 597 WEST VIRGINIA Agricultural Experiment Station, Morgantown 2 University of West Virginia, Morgantown 1 WISCONSIN Archaeological Society, Milwaukee Beloit College Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison 15 Milwaukee Public Museum 1 Natural History Society, Madison 1 State Historical Society, Madison 1 University of Wisconsin, Madison 4 WYOMING Agricultural Experiment Station, Laramie 1 Adams, Charles C., Syracuse, New York 1 Ames, Oakes, North Easton, Massachusetts (gift) 4 Atkinson, George F., Ithaca, New York 1 Atwater, C. G., New York City (gift) 1 A.yer, Mrs. Edward E., Chicago (gift) 1 Ayer, Edward E., Chicago (gift) 2 Bingham, Hiram, New Haven, Connecticut 2 Blatchley, William S., Indianapolis, Indiana 1 Boas, Franz, New York City 4 Casey, Thomas L., Washington, D. C 2 Chalmers, William J., Chicago (gift) 6 Clute, Willard N., Joliet, Illinois 2 Cockerell, T. D. A., Boulder, Colorado 7 Cole, Fay-Cooper, Chicago 1 Conklin, Edwin Grant, Princeton, New Jersey 1 Cook, Melville T., New Brunswick, New Jersey 5 Cumings, E. R., Bloomington, Indiana (gift) 1 Curtiss, Samuel W., Chicago (gift) 1 Dietz, Harry T., Indianapolis, Indiana (gift) . 1 Evans, Alexander W., New Haven, Connecticut 6 Farrington, Oliver C., Chicago 1 Farwell, Oliver A., Detroit, Michigan 4 Femald, Merritt L., Cambridge, Massachusetts 2 Field, Marshall, Chicago (gift) 1 Freer, Charles L., Detroit, Michigan (gift) 1 Gerhard, William J., Chicago 12 Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 127 Gunsaulus, Frank W., Chicago (gift) 34 Hall, Ivan C., Berkeley, California 5 Lamb, D. S., Washington, D. C. (gift) 1 Laufer, Berthold 10 Le Baron, Francis, Austin, Texas (gift) 1 Magee, Charles H., Manila, Philippine Islands (gift) I Mayer, Alfred G., Washington, D. C 1 Meyer, K. F 1 Millspaugh, Charles F., Chicago .....101 Montana, Louis, Havana, Cuba (gift) 2 Moore, Clarence B., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 2 Morse, Edward S., Salem, Massachusetts 1 Muttkowski, Richard, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (gift) I Nichols, Henry W., Chicago 4 Osborn, Henry Fairfield, New York City (gift) 3 Simms, Stephen C., Chicago 10 Smith, John D., Washington, D. C. 1 Stewart, V. B., Ithaca, New York 4 Taubenhaus, J. J., Newark, Delaware 2 Todd, W. E. Clyde, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ......... 4 Trelease, William, Urbana, Illinois 1 Wefd,, Lewis W., Chicago (gift) 3 AFRICA Durban Museum 3 Geological Society, Johannesburg 1 South African Museum, Cape Town 2 Union of South Africa, Department of Agriculture, Pretoria .... 1 ARGENTINA . Museo de Farmacologia, Buenos Aires 4 Museo de La Plata 1 Museo Nacional, Buenos Aires 1 AUSTRALIA Australian Museum, Sydney 3 Australian Ornithologists’ Union, Melbourne 1 Botanic Gardens and Government Domains, Sydney 2 Department of Agriculture, Adelaide 2 Department of Agriculture, Hobart, Tasmania 1 Department of Agriculture, Melbourne 1 Department of Agriculture, Sydney 2 Department of Fisheries, Sydney 1 Department of Mines, Sydney 4 Field Naturalists’ Club, Melbourne 1 Geological Survey, Perth 3 Government of the Commonwealth, Melbourne 2 Linnean Society of New South Wales, Sydney 1 Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery, Adelaide 1 Royal Society of New South Wales, Sydney 1 Royal Society of South Asutralia, Adelaide 1 South Australian Ornithological Association, Adelaide 1 128 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Technical Museum, Sydney 4 Western Australian Museum and Art Gallery, Perth 1 BOHEMIA Naturwissenschaftliche Landesforschung fiir Bdhmen, Prague .... 1 BRAZIL Bibliotheca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 2 Instituto Agronomico de Estado, Sao Paulo I Instituto Archeologico e Geographico Pernambucano, Recife (gift) . . 1 Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 1 CANADA Department of Agriculture, Ottawa 16 Department of Agriculture, Victoria 2 Department of Marine and Fisheries, Ottawa 2 Department of Mines, Ottawa 2 Department of Mines, Victoria 1 Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Ottawa 17 Entomological Society of Ontario, Toronto 1 Minister of Education, Toronto 1 Natural History Society of New Brunswick, St. John 1 Naturaliste Canadien, Quebec 1 Nova Scotian Institute of Science, Halifax 1 Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Montreal 1 Ottawa Field Naturalists’ Club, Ottawa 1 Provincial Museum, Victoria 2 Royal Canadian Institute, Toronto 15 University of Toronto 3 CENTRAL AMERICA Museo Nacional de Nicaragua, Managua 1 CEYLON Colombo Museum 2 Royal Botanic Garden, Peradeniya 1 CHILE Biblioteca Nacional, Santiago 3 CHINA Botanical and Forestry Department, Hong Kong 1 Royal Asiatic Society, North China Branch, Shanghai 3 DENMARK Acad6mie Royale des Sciences et des Lettres de Danemark, Copenhagen . 1 K. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Copenhagen 1 Naturhistorisk Forening, Copenhagen 2 Soci6t6 Botanique de Copenhagen 2 University, Zoological Museum, Copenhagen 1 EGYPT Institut Egyptien, Cairo 1 Survey Department, Cairo 1 ENGLAND Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, London ... 1 Ashmolean Natural History Society of Oxfordshire, Oxford .... 1 Bristol Museum and Art Gallery 1 British Association for the Advancement of Science, London .... 2 Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 129 British Museum (Natural History), London . 7 Cambridge Antiquarian Society 1 Cambridge Philosophical Society 1 Cambridge University Library 18 Cardiff Naturalists’ Society 2 Dove Marine Laboratory, Cullercoats, Northumberland 1 Free Public Museum, Liverpool 1 Great Britain Geological Survey, London 1 Imperial Bureau of Entomology, London 2 Imperial College of Science and Technology, London 1 Lancashire Sea Fisheries Laboratory, Liverpool 1 Linnean Society, London 3 Liverpool Biological Society ... 1 Liverpool Marine Biological Station 1 Manchester Field Naturalists’ and Archaeologists’ Society 1 Oxford Delegates of University Museum . 1 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2 Royal Geographical Society, London 2 Royal Horticultural Society, London 1 Royal Society, London 2 Royal Society of Arts, London 2 South London Entomological and Natural History Society, London . . 1 Tring Zoological Museum 1 Wellcome Historical Medical Museum, London 2 FRANCE Acaddmie des Sciences, Paris 2 Ecole d’Anthropologie, Paris 1 La Nature, Paris 2 Socidtd de Gdographie, Toulouse 1 Socidtd des Sciences Naturelles, La Rochelle 2 Socidtd Nationale d’ Agriculture, Paris 1 GERMANY Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgs., Berlin . 1 Deutsche Morganlandische Gesellschaft, Halle 23 Geographische Gesellschaft, Munich 1 Gesellschaft fur Erdkunde, Leipzig 1 K. Bibliothek, Berlin 1 K. Museum fur Volkerkunde, Berlin 2 K. Sammlungen fur Kunst und Wissenschaft, Dresden 2 Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fur Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel .... 1 Naturwissenschaftliche Wochenschrift, Jena 1 Stadtisches Museum fur Volkerkunde, Leipzig 1 Universitats Bibliothek, Giessen 5 Verein fur Vaterlandische Naturkunde in Wiirttemberg, Stuttgart ... 1 Verein fur Volkskunde, Berlin 1 INDIA Anthropological Society, Bombay 1 Archaeological Survey, Burma 1 Archaeological Survey, Calcutta 6 Archaeological Survey, Peshawar 1 130 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Colony of Mauritius i Department of Agriculture, Bombay I Department of Agriculture, Madras I Department of Agriculture, Pusa i Geological Survey, Calcutta 3 Government Museum, Madras 4 Indian Museum, Calcutta 8 National Indian Association, Calcutta (gift) 1 Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta 9 Royal Asiatic Society, Straits Branch, Singapore 17 Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta 3 Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta 3 IRELAND Royal Dublin Society 2 Royal Irish Academy, Dublin .2 ITALY American Society, Rome 1 Istituto Zoologico, Naples 1 Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genoa 1 R. Accademia delle Scienze, Turin 2 R. Scuola Superiore d ’Agricoltura, Portici 3 R. Universita Museo Zoologico, Naples 1 Societa dei Naturalisti, Naples 1 Societa Geografica Italiana, Rome 2 Societa Geologia Italiana, Rome 1 Societa Italiana di Antropologia, Florence 1 Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali, Milan 1 Society Romana di Antropologia, Rome 1 Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Pisa 1 University Pavia. Istituto Botanico, Milan 1 JAPAN Anthropological Society of Tokyo 1 Bureau of Productive Industry Formosa Government, Taihoku ... 1 Geological Survey, Tokyo 2 Imperial University of Tokyo, College of Science 3 Tokyo Botanical Society 1 JAVA Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten Wetenschappen, Batavia ... 2 Department of Agriculture, Buitenzorg 8 Jardin Botanique, Buitenzorg I MEXICO Instituto Biologico, Mexico 9 Instituto Geologico, Mexico 4 Sociedad Cientifica “Antonio Alzate,” Mexico I NETHERLANDS Rijks Ethnographsch Museum, Leiden 2 Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden 2 Rijks Geologisch Mineralogisch Museum, Leiden I Stads Bibliotheek, Haarlem 1 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Brass Cannon, So-called lantaka, Captured from the Moro, Philippines. Gift of Edward E. Ayer. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 13 i NEW ZEALAND Auckland Institute and Museum, Wellington 1 Department of Agriculture, Wellington 3 Department of Mines, Wellington 4 Dominion Museum, Wellington I PERU Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Minas, Lima 1 SCOTLAND Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society, Dumfries 1 Fisheries Board, Edinburgh 2 Geological Society, Edinburgh 1 Royal Botanic Society, Edinburgh 1 Royal Society, Edinburgh 2 SPAIN Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Fisico-Naturales, Madrid 3 Junta de Ciencias Naturales, Barcelona 1 Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid 1 R. Academia de Ciencias, Madrid 2 Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, Madrid 2 SWEDEN K. Biblioteket, Stockholm 3 K. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien, Stockholm 1 K. Vitt. Hist, och Antik. Akademien, Stockholm 1 Svenska Sallskapet for Antropologi och Geografi, Stockholm Upsala University 1 SWITZERLAND Geographisch-Ethnographische Gesellschaft, Zurich 1 Musee d’Histoire Naturelle, Lausanne ........... 1 Musee Ethnographique, Neuchatel 1 Mus6e Zoologique, Lausanne 1 Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Basel 1 Ostschweizerische Geograph.-Commerc. Gesellschaft, St. Gallen ... 1 Soci6t6 de Physique et d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva 2 Soci6t£ des Sciences Naturelles, Fribourg 1 Society Neuchateloise de Geographic 2 Universitat, Bern 8 WEST INDIES Agricultural Experiment Station, Porto Rico 1 Biblioteca Nacional., Havana I Department of Agriculture, Kingston 1 Estacion Central Agronomico, Santiago de las Vegas 2 Imperial Department of Agriculture, Barbadoes 2 Jamaica Institute, Kingston 1 Trinidad and Tobago Department of Agriculture, Port of Spain ... 2 Universidad de la Habana, Havana 2 Brazil, Vital, Sao Paulo, Brazil (gift) 1 Codazzi, Ricardo L., Bogota, Colombia 2 Carpenter, G. H., Dublin, Ireland 1 132 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Caziot, E., Paris, France (gift) i Chodat, R., Geneva, Switzerland 17 Dunod, H.f Paris, France 4 Haddon, Alfred C., London, England 1 Heim, Albert, Zurich, Switzerland 3 Lambe, L. M., Ottawa, Ontario 1 Morice, R. L., Paris, France 1 Northcote, Thomas W., London, England (gift) 3 Outes, Felix F., Buenos Aires, Argentina 1 Richter, Rudolf, Frankfurt-a-M., Germany 4 Sapir, Edward, Ottawa, Canada 1 Sergi, G., Rome, Italy 1 Simoens da Silva, Antonio Carlos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3 Wulfing, E. A., Heidelberg, Germany 3 Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. Articles of Incorporation STATE OF ILLINOIS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE. William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State. To All To Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting: Whereas, a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, a. d., 1893, for the organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO, under and in ac- cordance with the provisions of “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy of which certificate is hereto attached. Now , therefore , I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized Corporation under the laws of this State. In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the Great Seal of the State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the Independence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth. W. H. HINRICHSEN, [Seal.] Secretary of State. TO HON. WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN, Secretary of State: Sir: We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a corpora- tion under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby state as follows, to wit: 1. The name of such corporation is the “COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO.” 2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dissemina- tion of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illustrating Art, Archaeology, Science, and History. 3. The management of the aforesaid Museum shall be vested in a Board of Fifteen (15) Trustees, five of whom are to be elected every year. 4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the first year of its corporate existence: 134 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Edward E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davis, Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock, Emil G. Hirsch, James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, O. F. Aldis, Edwin Walker, John C. Black, and Frank W. Gunsaulus. 5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook, and State of Illinois. (Signed), George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert McMurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchinson, Ebenezer Bucking- ham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H. Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Franklin H. Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers, Thomas B. Bryan, L. Z. Leiter, A. C. Bartlett, A. A. Sprague, A. C. McCliurg, James W. Scott, George F. Bissell, John R. Walsh, Chas. Fitzsimons, John A. Roche, E. B. McCagg, Owen F. Aldis, Ferdinand W. Peck, James H. Dole, Joseph Stockton, Edward B. Butler, John McConnell, R. A. Waller, H. C. Chatfield-Taylor, A. Crawford, Wm. Sooy Smith, P. S. Peterson, John C. Black, Jno. J. Mitchell, C. F. Gunther, George R. Davis, Stephen A. Forbes, Robert W. Patterson, Jr., M. C. Bullock, Edwin Walker, George M. Pullman, William E. Curtis, James W. Ellsworth, William E. Hale, Wm. T. Baker, Martin A. Ryerson, Huntington W. Jackson, N. B. Ream, Norman Wil- liams, Melville E. Stone, Bryan Lathrop, Eliphalet W. Blatchford, Philip D. Armour. State of Illinois Cook County I, G. R. Mitchell, a Notary Public in and for said County, do hereby certify that the foregoing petitioners personally appeared before me and acknowledged severally that they signed the foregoing petition as their free and voluntary act for the uses and purposes therein set forth. Given under my hand and notarial seal this 14th day of September, 1893. G. R. MITCHELL, [Seal.] Notary Public, Cook County, III. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the Corporate members held the 25th day of June, 1894, the name of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM. A certificate to this effect was filed June 26, 1894, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the Corporate members held the 8th day of November, 1905, the name of the FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. A certificate to this effect was filed November 10, 1905, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 135 AMENDED BY-LAWS. (June 12, 1916.) ARTICLE I. MEMBERS. Section i. Members shall be of five classes, Annual Members, Corporate Members, Life Members, Patrons, and Honorary Members. Sec. 2. Annual members shall consist of such persons as are selected from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall pay an annual fee of ten dollars ($10.00), payable within thirty days after notice of election, and within thirty days after each recurring annual date. The failure of any person to make such initiatory payment and such annual payments within said time shall, at the option of the Board of Trustees, be sufficient grounds for the forfeiture of an annual membership. This said annual membership shall entitle the member to: First. — Free admittance for the member and family, to the Museum on any day. Second. — Ten tickets every year, admitting the bearer to the Museum on pay days. Third. — A copy of all publications of the Museum when requested. Fourth. — Invitations to all special exhibits, receptions, lectures, or other func- tions which may be given at the Museum. Sec. 3. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recommendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such persons named in the articles of incorpora- tion shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of twenty dollars ($20.00) or more. The failure of any person to make such payment within said time shall, at the option of the Board of Trustees, be ground for forfeiture of his corporate membership. Corporate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or Honorary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annual meetings of said Corporate Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual meeting of the Board of Trustees is held. Sec. 4. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of five hundred dollars ($500.00), at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues. Sec. 5. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent service to the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members. 136 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Sec. 6. Honorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous nomination of the Executive Committee. They shall be exempt from all dues. ARTICLE II. BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Section i. The Board of Trustees shall consist of fifteen members. The respec- tive members of the Board now in office, and those who shall hereafter be elected, shall hold office during life. V acancies occurring in the Board shall be filled at a regular meeting of the Board, upon the nomination of the Executive Committee made at a preceding regular meeting, by a majority vote of the members of the Board present. Sec. 2. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held on the second Monday of each month. Special meetings may be called at any time by the President, and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request of three Trustees. Five Trustees shall constitute a quorum, except for the election of officers or the adoption of the Annual Budget, when seven Trustees shall be required, but meetings may be adjourned by any less number from day to day, or to a day fixed, previous to the next regular meeting. Sec. 3. Reasonable written notice, designating the time and place of holding meetings, shall be given by the Secretary. ARTICLE III. HONORARY TRUSTEES. Section i. As a mark of respect, and in appreciation of services performed for the Institution, those Trustees who by reason of inability, on account of change of residence, or for other cause, or from indisposition to serve longer in such capacity, shall resign their place upon the Board, may be elected, by a majority of those present at any regular meeting of the Board, an Honorary Trustee for life. Such Honorary Trustee will receive notice of all meetings of the Board of Trustees, whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not have the right to vote. ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS. Section 1. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a Second Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secretary, and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President, the First Vice-President, and the Second Vice-President shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the second Monday of Jan- uary of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting. Sec. 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their successors are elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote of two- thirds of all the members of the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting. Sec. 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. i37 ARTICLE V. THE TREASURER. Section i. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corporation, except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents. But no warrants shall be issued, except in conformity with a regularly prepared voucher, giving the name of the payee and stating the occasion for the expenditure, and verified and approved as hereinafter prescribed. It shall be no part of the duties of the Treasurer to see that the warrants have been issued in conformity with such vouchers. Sec. 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the corporation shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect the income and principal of said securities as the same become due, and pay same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the joint order of the following officers, namely: The President or one of the Vice-Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance Committee of the Museum. Sec. 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such sureties, as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees. Sec. 4. All vouchers executed for the payment of liabilities incurred in the administration of the Museum, shall be verified by the Auditor, and approved for payment by the Director, and the Chairman of the Administration Committee. All vouchers executed for expenditures for the construction or reconstruction of the Museum building, or buildings, shall be verified by the Auditor and approved for payment by the Chairman of the Building Committee. All vouchers executed in connection with the investments of the Corporation, or in any way having to do with the endowment funds of the Corporation, shall be verified by the Auditor and approved for payment by the Chairman of the Finance Committee. Sec. 5. The Harris Trust and Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Custodian of “The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum” fund. The Bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and counter- signed by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents. But no warrant shall be issued except in conformity with a regularly prepared voucher, giving the name of the payee and stating the occasion for the expenditure, and veri- fied and approved by the Auditor, the Director and Chairman of the Administration Committee. It shall be no part of the duties of the said Custodian to see that the warrants have been issued in conformity with such vouchers. ARTICLE VI. THE DIRECTOR. Section i. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum, who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have immediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations of the insti- tution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Committees. The 138 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Director shall be the official medium of communication between the Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force. Sec. 2. There shall be four scientific departments of the Museum — Anthropol- ogy, Botany, Geology, and Zoology, each under the charge of a Curator, subject to the authority of the Director. The Curators shall be appointed by the Board upon the recommendation of the Director, and shall serve during the pleasure of the Board. Subordinate staff officers in the scientific departments shall be appointed and removed by the Director upon the recommendation of the Curators of the respective Departments. The Director shall have authority to employ and remove all other employees of the Museum. Sec. 3. The Director shall make report to the Board at each regular meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the previous month. At the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual Report, reviewing the work of the Museum for the previous year, which Annual Report shall be published in pamphlet form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free distribution in such number as the Board may direct. ARTICLE VII. AUDITOR. Section i. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his office during the pleasure of the Board. He shall keep proper books of account, setting forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, and of the Museum, and report thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other times as may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all vouchers for the expenditure of the money of the corporation. ARTICLE VIII. COMMITTEES. Section i. There shall be six Committees as follows: Finance, Building, Audit- ing, Pension, Administration, and Executive. Sec. 2. The Finance, Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of three members, and the Building and Administration Committees shall each consist of five members. All members of these five Committees shall be elected by ballot by theBoard at the Annual Meeting, and shall hold office for one year, and until their successors are elected and qualified. In electing the members of these Committees, the Board shall designate the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the members are named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be Chairman, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named, Second Vice-Chairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event of the absence or disability of the Chairman. Sec. 3. The Executive Committee shall consist of the President of the Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Building Committee, the Chairman of the Administration Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Committee, the Chairman of the Pension Committee, and two other members of the Board to be elected by ballot at the Annual Meeting. Sec 4. Four Members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Committee; three members shall constitute a quorum of the Administration Committee, and in all other standing Committees, two members shall constitute a quorum. In the event that, owing to the absence or inability of members, a quorum of the regularly Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. i39 elected members cannot be present at any meeting of any Committee, then the Chairman thereof, or his successor, as herein provided, may summon any member of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the absentee. Sec. 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing the en- dowment and other permanent funds of the Corporation, and the care of such real estate as may become its property. It shall have authority to invest, sell, and reinvest funds, subject to the approval of the Board. Sec. 6. The Building Committee shall have supervision of the construc- tion, reconstruction, and extension of any and all buildings used for Museum purposes. Sec. 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from time to time as the Chairman may consider necessary, or as he may be requested to do by three members of the Committee, to act upon such matters affecting the administration of the Museum as cannot await consideration at the Regular Monthly Meetings of the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginning of each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make recommendations as to the ex- penditures which should be made for routine maintenance and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the Board, the respective Committees shall be con- sidered as authorized to make the expenditures detailed therein. No increase in the expenditures under any items of the Budget shall be made, except by authority of the Board of Trustees, but the Executive Committee shall have authority, in cases of emergency, to expend a further total sum not exceeding two thousand dollars in any one month. Sec. 8. The Administration Committee shall have general supervision of the affairs of the Museum. The Committee shall hold one meeting each month with the Director at the Museum within a week preceding each Monthly Meeting of the Board of Trustees. Sec. 9. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all accounting and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall cause the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert individual or firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm to the Board at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall have taken place. Sec. 10. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees. Sec. 1 1 . The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and proceed- ings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board. Sec. 12. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees and Chair- man of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Committee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board. ARTICLE IX. NOMINATING COMMITTEE. Section i. At the November meeting of the Board, each year, a Nominating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make nomina- tions for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Committee, the Ad- ministration Committee, the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and 140 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. for two members of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be sub- mitted at the ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual Meeting in January. ARTICLE X. Section i. Whenever the word “Museum” is employed in the By-Laws of the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books, and all appurtenances of the Institution, and the workings, researches, installations, ex- penditures, field work, laboratories, library publications, lecture courses, and all scientific and maintenance activities. Sec. 2. These By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a two- thirds vote of all the members present, provided the amend- ment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXVI. Bird Life in Northern Brazil. JABIRU (LARGE BIRDS IN THE CENTER), SUN BITTERN (WITH WINGS SPREAD), BOAT-BILLED HERON (ON EXTREME RIGHT; IBISES, ETC, Stanley Field Ornithology Fund. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. 141 HONORARY MEMBERS. EDWARD E. AYER CHARLES B. CORY MRS. TIMOTHY B. BLACKSTONE HARLOW N. HIGINBOTHAM STANLEY McCORMICK DECEASED, I916. NORMAN W. HARRIS PATRONS. ALLISON V. ARMOUR EDWARD B. BUTLER ALBERT M. COLLINS LEE GARNET DAY ERNEST R. GRAHAM FRANK W. GUNSAULUS CHARLES L. HUTCHINSON VERNON SHAW KENNEDY GEORGE MANIERRE CHARLES H. MARKHAM JOHN S. MILLER JOHN BARTON PAYNE HOMER E. SARGENT FREDERICK J. V. SKIFF WILLARD A. SMITH DECEASED, 1916. NORMAN W. HARRIS 142 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V, CORPORATE MEMBERS. ADAMS, GEORGE E. ALDIS, OWEN F. ARMOUR, ALLISON V. AYER, EDWARD E BARTLETT, A. C. BLAIR, WATSON F. BUTLER, EDWARD B. CHALMERS. W. J. CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, H. C. CLARK, JOHN M. COLLINS, ALBERT M. CRANE, RICHARD T. DAY, LEE GARNET EASTMAN, SIDNEY C. ELLSWORTH, JAMES W. FIELD, HENRY FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY GAGE, LYMAN J. GETTY, HENRY H. GRAHAM, ERNEST R. GUNSAULUS, FRANK W. GUNTHER, C. F. HIGINBOTHAM, H. N. HUTCHINSON, CHARLES L. JONES, ARTHUR B. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW KOHLSAAT, HERMAN H. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. MARKHAM, CHARLES H. MANIERRE, GEORGE MILLER, JOHN S. MITCHELL, JOHN J. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PECK, FERD. W. PORTER, GEORGE F. RYERSON, MARTIN A. SARGENT, HOMER E, SKIFF, FREDERICK J. V. SMITH, WILLARD A. SPRAGUE, A. A., 2nd STONE, MELVILLE E. DECEASED 1916. HARRIS, NORMAN W. LATHROP, BRYAN Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. i43 LIFE MEMBERS. ADAMS, GEORGE E. ALDIS, OWEN F. ALLEN, BENJAMIN BANKS, ALEXANDER F. BARRELL, FINLEY BARRETT, MRS. A. D. BARRETT, ROBERT L. BARTLETT, A. C. BAvSSFORD, LOWELL C. BEALE, WILLIAM G. BILLINGS, FRANK BLACKSTONE, MRS. TIMOTHY B. BLAINE, MRS. EMMONS BLAIR, HENRY A. BLAIR, WATSON F. BOOTH, VERNON BOYNTON, C. T. BREWSTER, WALTER S. BROWN, WILLIAM L. BUFFINGTON, EUGENE J. BUTLER, EDWARD B. BYLLESBY, H. M. CARR, CLYDE M. CARRY, EDWARD F. CARTON, L. A. CHALMERS, WILLIAM J. CLAY, JOHN COBE, IRA M. CRAMER, CORWITH CRANE, CHARLES RICHARD CRANE, RICHARD T. CUDAHY, JOSEPH M. CUMMINGS, D. MARK CURTIS, MRS. ROBERT DAU, J. J. DAWES, CHARLES G. DAY, ALBERT M. DEERING, CHARLES DEERING, JAMES DELANO, FREDERIC A. DICK, ALBERT BLAKE DONNELLEY, REUBEN H. DONNELLEY, THOMAS E. DRAKE, TRACY C. ECKHART, B. A. FAIR, ROBERT M. FARWELL, WALTER FAY, C. N. FIELD, HENRY FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY FORSYTH, ROBERT FRANTZIUS, FRITZ VON FULLER, WILLIAM A. GARTZ, A. F. GARY, JOHN W. GRISCOM, CLEMENT A. GROMMES, JOHN B. HAMILL, ERNEST A. HILL, LOUIS W. HOROWITZ, L. J. HOXIE, MRS. JOHN R. HUGHITT, MARVIN HULBURD, CHARLES H. HUTCHINSON, C. L. INSULL, SAMUEL ISHAM, MRS. KATHERINE PORTER JOHNSON, MRS. ELIZABETH AYER JOHNSON, FRANK S. JONES, ARTHUR B. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KELLEY, WILLIAM V. KING, FRANCIS KING, JAMES G. KIRK, WALTER RADCLIFFE LAMONT, ROBERT P. LAWSON, VICTOR LOGAN, SPENCER H. McCORMICK, MRS. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. McCORMICK, HAROLD F. McELWEE, ROBERT H. Mclennan, d. r. MacVEAGH, franklin MARK, CLAYTON MASON, WILLIAM S. MITCHELL, J. J. MUNROE, CHARLES A. NEWELL, A. B. ORR, ROBERT M. PAM, MAX PATTEN, HENRY J. 144 Field Museum or Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. PIKE, EUGENE S. PORTER, GEORGE F. PORTER, H. H. RAWSON, FREDERICK H. REAM, MRS. CAROLINE P. REVELL, ALEXANDER H. REYNOLDS, GEORGE M. ROBINSON, THEODORE W. ROSENWALD, JULIUS RUNNELLS, JOHN S. RUSSELL, EDMUND A. RUSSELL, EDWARD P. RYERSON, MRS. CARRIE H. RYERSON, EDWARD L. RYERSON, MARTIN A. SHEDD, JOHN G. SIMPSON, JAMES SMITH, ORSON SPRAGUE, A. A., 2nd STILLWELL, HOMER A. STOUT, FRANK D. STURGES, GEORGE SWIFT, CHARLES H. SWIFT, EDWARD F. SWIFT, LOUIS F. THORNE, CHARLES H. THORNE, GEORGE R. THORNE, ROBERT J. WILLARD, ALONZO J. WILSON, WALTER H. Jan., 1917. Annual Report of the Director. i45 ANNUAL MEMBERS. ADAMS, CYRUS H. ADAMS, MILWARD ALLERTON, ROBERT H. ARMOUR, GEORGE A. BAILEY, EDWARD P. BECKER, A. G. BILLINGS, C. K. G. BILLINGS, DR. FRANK BOAL, CHARLES T. BROWN, WILLIAM L. BURLEY, CLARENCE A. COMSTOCK, WILLIAM C. COONLEY-WARD, MRS. L. A. CUMMINGS, E. A. CURTIS, D. H. DAY, A. M. DEERING, JAMES EISENDRATH, W. N. FAIR, R. M. FORGAN, JAMES B. FORSYTH, ROBERT FRANK, HENRY L. FULLER, O. F. FURST, CONRAD GAYLORD, FREDERIC GLESSNER, J. J. GOODRICH, A. W. GORDON, EDWARD K. GREY, CHARLES F. GURLEY, W. W. HARRIS, GEORGE B. HARRIS, JOHN F. HASKELL, FREDERICK T. HIBBARD, WILLIAM G., Jr. HITCHCOCK, R. M. HOLT, GEORGE H. HOPKINS, JOHN P. INSULL, SAMUEL JENKINS, GEORGE H. JONES, J. S. KEITH, W. SCOTT KIMBALL, EUGENE S. KIMBALL, MRS. MARK LAMB, FRANK H. LAY, A. TRACY LEE, BLEWETT LEIGH, EDWARD B. LINCOLN, ROBERT T. LINN, W. R. LOGAN, F. G. LORD, J. B. LOWDEN, FRANK O. LYTTON, HENRY C. McCREA, W. S. McWILLIAMS, LAFAYETTE M acFARLAN D , HENRY J. MAGEE, HENRY W. MANSURE, E. L. MAYER, LEVY MERRYWEATHER, GEORGE MEYER, MRS. M. A. MOORE, N. G. MULLIKEN, A. H. NATHAN, ADOLPH NOLAN, JOHN H. NORTON, O. W. OSBORN, HENRY A. PALMER, PERCIVAL B. PARKER, FRANCIS W. PEARSON, EUGENE H. PINKERTON, W. A. 146 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. PORTER, WASHINGTON RIPLEY, E. P. ROSENBAUM, JOSEPH ROSENFELD, MRS. MAURICE RUNNELLS, J. S. SCHMIDT, DR. O. L. SCHWARTZ, G. A. SEIPP, MRS. C. SHEDD, JOHN G. SHORTALL, JOHN L. SKINNER, THE MISSES SOPER, JAMES P. SOUTHWELL. H. E. SPENCE, MRS. ELIZABETH E. SPOOR, J. A. STOCKTON, JOHN T. STUART, ROBERT UIHLEIN, EDWARD G. WACKER, CHARLES H. WALKER, JAMES R. WALKER, WILLIAM B. WALLER, EDWARD C. WHITE, A. STAMFORD WHITEHEAD, W. M. WILSON, MRS. E. C. WILSON, M. H. DECEASED. KEEFER, LOUIS WEBSTER, GEORGE H. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY REPORTS, PLATE XXVI. The Late George E. Adams An Incorporator and Trustee of the Museum Field Museum of Natural History. Publication 200. Report Series. Vol. V, No. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR 1917. Chicago, U. S. A. January, 1918. CONTENTS. Page Board of Trustees 148 Officers and Committee 149 Staff of the Museum 150 Report of the Director 151 Maintenance 153 Publications 153 Library 154 Cataloguing, Inventorying, and Labeling 155 Accessions .157 Expeditions and Field Work 165 Installation and Permanent Improvement 167 The N. W. Harris Public School Extension 181 Photography and Illustration 183 Printing 183 Financial Statement 184 Attendance and Receipts 186 Accessions 187 Department of Anthropology 187 Department of Botany 188 Department of Geology 190 Department of Zoblogy ....192 Section of Photography 195 The Library 195 Articles of Incorporation 209 Amended By-Laws 211 List of Honorary Members and Patrons 217 List of Corporate Members 218 List of Life Members 219 List of Annual Members 221 148 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Edward E. Ayer. Watson F. Blair. William J. Chalmers. Marshall Field. Stanley Field. Harlow N. Higinbotham. Chauncey Keep. George Manierre. Cyrus H. McCormick. Martin A. Ryerson. Frederick J. V. Skiff. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. Arthur B. Jones. HONORARY TRUSTEE. Owen F. Aldis. DECEASED, 1917. George E. Adams. Henry Field. Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 149 OFFICERS. Stanley Field, President. Martin A. Ryerson, First Vice-President. Watson F. Blair, Second Vice-President. Frederick J. V. Skiff, Secretary. D. C. Davies, Assistant Secretary and Auditor. Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer. Stanley Field. Edward E. Ayer. COMMITTEES. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Marshall Field. Arthur B. Jones. Watson F. Blair. George Manierre. William J. Chalmers. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. FINANCE COMMITTEE. Watson F. Blair. Arthur B. Jones. Martin A. Ryerson. BUILDING COMMITTEE. William J. Chalmers. Cyrus H. McCormick. Frederick J. V. Skiff. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. SUB-COMMITTEE OF BUILDING COMMITTEE. Stanley Field. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. George Manierre. Frederick J. V. Skiff. AUDITING COMMITTEE. Arthur B. Jones. George E. Adams. Watson F. Blair. Chauncey Keep. ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE. Edward E. Ayer. George Manierre. Henry Field. Arthur B. Jones. PENSION COMMITTEE. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. Frederick J. V. Skiff. 150 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. STAFF OF THE MUSEUM. DIRECTOR. Frederick J. V. Skiff. DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY. Berthold Laufer, Curator. Charles L. Owen, Assistant Curator Division of Archeology. Albert B. Lewis, Assistant Curator of African and Melanesian Ethnology. Fay Cooper Cole, Assistant Curator Physical Anthropology and Malayan Ethnology. J. Alden Mason, Assistant Curator of Mexican and South American Archeology. DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY. Charles F. Millspaugh, Curator. B. E. Dahlgren, Assistant Curator Economic Botany. DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY. Oliver C. Farrington, Curator. H. W. Nichols, Assistant Curator . Elmer S. Riggs, Assistant Curator of Paleontology. DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY. Charles B. Cory, Curator. Wilfred H. Osgood, Assistant Curator of Mammalogy and Ornithology. William J. Gerhard, Assistant Curator Division of Entomology. Edmond N. Gueret, Assistant Curator Division of Osteology. Carl L. Hubbs, Assistant Curator Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology. R. Magoon Barnes, Assistant Curator Division of Oology. THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION. S. C. Simms, Curator. RECORDER. ASSISTANT RECORDER. D. C. Davies. Benj. Bridge. THE LIBRARY. Elsie Lippincott, Librarian. Emily M. Wilcoxson, Assistant Librarian. January 1, 1918. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR. 1917 To the Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History: I have the honor to present a report of the operations of the Museum for the year ending December 31, 1917. The progress during the year just closed in the construction of the new Museum building in Grant Park has been important and perceptible. This would naturally appear to be so to the casual observer, because the work has been, so to speak, above ground, but from the standpoint of the architects and general contractors this is also the fact. During the year the inside and outside fill was completed. The setting of the exterior marble commenced in May, and at the end of the year the east and west wings of the building were practically completed as was also the basement work of the north and south entrances. Sixty per cent of both the marble carving and the sculptor marble are complete. The brick work in all the exterior walls is finished up to the roof line, and the interior court walls have been completed to the second floor. There has been difficulty in obtaining brick for the court walls, which accounts for this work not being finished. All the steel floor beams are in place with the exception of the north and south entrances. It is believed that the steel for the roof of the entire building including the nave, but not the entrances, will be in place before April 1918. It is also anticipated that all the roofing including the tile composition and glass work will be finished not later than August first. Excellent progress has been made in the plumbing work and approximately fifty per cent of this labor has been completed. The steam fitting has progressed with the other work and about twenty-five per cent of this contract is installed, ex- clusive of the boilers, stokers and coal handling machinery. Levels are continually being taken for signs of settlement or movement, but thus far there has been no moving whatever either horizontally or vertically during construction. With no ceremony and in the presence of only a few of the Trustees and executive officers of the Museum, a copper box was placed in a comer stone of the new building on Friday, September 28, 1917, at 2:00 o’clock P. M. The box contained a typewritten history of the Museum from its inception until the date indicated; a photograph of 151 152 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Mr. Marshall Field, the founder of the Institution; a photograph of the present Museum building; a copy of Mr. Field’s will; a copy of the proceedings of the first meeting of the reorganized Board of Trustees of the Museum, held January 22, 1894, etc. The sudden death of Mr. Henry Field, grandson of the founder of the Museum, and also the death of Mr. George Everett Adams, both Trustees of the Institution, occurred during the year. Mr. Field had not completed his first year as a Trustee, but had manifested in various ways an interest in and intention to support the plans for the further development and advance of the Museum. Mr. Adams, an old and highly respected citizen of Chicago, was a member of the first Board of Trustees, as he was of the first preliminary committee which resulted in the organization of the Museum. He took great pride in the Institu- tion and was deeply concerned in its welfare. Special mention should be made of further and large additions by Mr. Edward E. Ayer to the Ornithological Library which bears his name. The Chalmers Crystal Collection, through an annuity of $500.00 provided by Mr. William J. Chalmers, has received important additions. A most generous gift of a large, valuable and rare collection of Navaho blankets, Indian baskets, costumes, etc., has been made to the Institu- tion by Mr. Homer E. Sargent. The installation of the Section of Plant Reproduction under the Stanley Field contribution in its new and commodious quarters, fully equipped with all the conveniences and appliances necessary to the work in this section, has been completed. The endowment of the Stanley Field Museum Employees — Pension Fund has been consummated by final payment to the fund of $75,000.00 by its founder. There have been no demands upon the fund thus far. Judge R. M. Barnes of Lacon, Illinois, has accepted the appoint- ment of Assistant Curator of Oology. His active services will not begin until the period for installation in the new building is reached. In the meantime, however, Mr. Barnes will prosecute more or less work in his science at his home, where he has a most remarkable collection. The engineers of Graham, Anderson, Probst & White, architects, have made a careful inspection of the present Museum building, and, with the exception of a few instances where minor repairs and altera- tions seemed to be necessary, have found the building safe in every way. Their recommendations for alterations and repairs have been carried out. The attendance at the Museum has not been very large. Continued public interest in the Museum, however, is manifested by the addition of a considerable number of Life Members during the year. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY REPORTS, PLATE XXVII. The Late Henry Field A Trustee of the Museum Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 153 The influence of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum is widening by continually increasing the number of schools in which the cabinets are placed. In spite of the best efforts of the Extension, however, it is impossible to meet the demands that are made for this educational service. maintenance. — The Budget authorized by the Board of Trustees provided the sum of $156,911.00 for the maintenance of the Museum for the year ending December 31, 1917. The amount expended was $137,486.00, showing a balance in excess of the estimated expenses of $19,425.00. In addition to this amount $4,626.00 was expended by authority of the Board of Trustees for collections, special building repairs, etc., bringing the total expenditures for the year to $142,112.00. publications. — During the year six Publications were issued, com- prising parts of four volumes, details of which follow: Pub. 191.— Zoological Series, Vol. X, No. 15. The Fishes of the Fresh Waters of Panama. By S. E. Meek and S. F. Hildebrand. December 28, 1916. 159 pages, 16 halftones. Edition 1500. Pub. 192. — Anthropological Series, Vol. XV, No. 2. The Beginnings of Porcelain in China. By B. Laufer. 1917. 106 pages, 7 halftones. Edition 1500. Pub. 193. — Zoological Series, Vol. XII, No. 1. Notes on little known Species of South American Birds with Descriptions of New Sub-Species. By C. B. Cory. January, 1917. 7 pages. Edition 1500. Pub. 194. — Report Series, Vol. V, No. 2. Annual Report of the Director for the year 1916. 71 pages, 11 halftones. Edition 2500. Pub. 195. — Anthropological Series, Vol. VI, No. 4. Three Etruscan Painted Sarcophagi. By F. B. Tarbell. 9 pages, 9 halftones. Edition 1,000. Pub. 196. — Ornithological Series. Vol. 1, No. 11. Contents and In- dex to Vol. I. 16 pages. 1896-1916. Edition 1,000. It will be noted that number 11 concludes Volume I of the Ornitho- logical Series. It also closes this Series. All future Ornithological Pub- lications will appear in the Zoological Series. These publications were distributed to individuals and institutions on the domestic mailing list and to those of foreign countries where exchange service is not suspended by the Bureau of International Exchanges. The nature of some of the Publications, as well as the increasing cost of all of them necessitated the re-classification of the mailing list. This has caused an elimination of some exchanges from which the Museum does not receive returns, and in sending to others previously receiving all the Publications, only such as are of special 154 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. interest to their work. In taking account of the sales of the Publications, it is interesting to note the increasing number sold to individuals and institutions as well as to booksellers. The stock of Publications and halftones was moved during the year from Room 64 to Room 11. Two more cabinets were purchased to accommodate the halftones and zinc etchings that are filed numerically to date. the library. — The books and pamphlets accessioned during the year were 1,641, bringing the total number of books and pamphlets in the Library to 71,316, which are distributed as follows: General Library 45,737 Department of Anthropology 3,553 Department of Botany 7,193 Department of Geology . 10,276 Department of Zoology 4,557 The operations in the Library during the year were largely normal in character and the routine work has gone on without interruption. The resources of the Library continue to be taxed by the members of the scientific staff for material desired in their research work and in the quest for information in working up collections for reference or exhibition that have been received without data. The fourth year of the war brings a great decrease in the literary output of all foreign countries, especially in works on natural sciences. Exchanges have practically ceased with some foreign countries, and from others receipts have been irregular. Notwithstanding these conditions, there has been a gratifying increase of accessions over last year of two hundred and fifty books and pamphlets. The outstanding event of the year is the purchases made and presented by Mr. Edward E. Ayer of many rare and beautifully illustrated works for The Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library. Among these are: Gould, leones Avium, 2 parts, 1837-38; Gray, Genera of Birds, 3 volumes, 1844-49, one of the works that rank in beauty of execution with Gould’s and Audubon’s works already in this library; Edwards, Natural History Birds, 4 volumes, 1802-6; Buffon, Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux, 20 volumes, 1770-86; Booth, Rough Notes on Birds, 3 volumes; Thorburn, British Birds, 4 volumes, 1915-16; Swainson, Birds of Brazil and Mexico, 1841; Thienemann, Die Vogel Europas, 1825; Levaillant, Oiseaux d’Am£rique et des Indes, volume 1, 1801; Oates and Blanford, Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Birds, 4 volumes, 1889-98. Subscription was entered to Mathews’ wonderfully illustrated “ Birds of Australia” of which five complete volumes and five numbers of volume VI have been received. Eighteen orders for books have been filled, adding fifty-four books and pamphlets to the Departmental Libraries. Among those Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. i55 purchased are: Petrus Peregrinus de Magnate, a facsimile, 1900; Gray, China; Sykes, History of Persia; Steele, Translation from the Chinese of the I-li; Joly, Legend in Japanese Art; Audsley, Gems of Japanese Art; Shaw, Zoology; Waterhouse, Mammalia, pt. 2, 1839; Van Wijks, Dictionary of Plant Names, volume II. Subscriptions were also entered for “Mythology of all Races” and Hastings’ “Encyclopedia of Re- ligion.” The periodical list is temporarily disorganized, as no subscrip- tions for a number of the foreign periodicals and serials are accepted at the present time by the agencies. During the year four hundred and thirty-seven books were received from the bindery. For the various catalogues 17,873 cards were written and filed. Two more sections were added to the card catalogue cabinets to accommodate the increase. Another bookcase was placed in the general reading room. The library again acknowledges its indebtedness to the City’s libraries, to the Library of Congress, and the United States Medical Library for loan of books required by the scientific staff in the prosecution of their work. The number of people who visit the general library for the purpose of consulting its books shows an increase over previous years. Departmental Cataloguing, Inventorying, and Labeling. — The work of cataloguing in the Department of Anthropology has been carried on with vigor during the year, the total number of catalogue cards prepared amounting to 6,119. These cards are distributed over the various divisions as follows: Jewelry from India 80; Archaeology of China and Tibet 196; Melanesian Ethnology 4,064; American Archaeology and Ethnology 1,121; Physical Anthropology 658. All these cards have been entered in the inventory books of the Department, which now number 38. The number of annual accessions amounts to 21, thirteen of which have been entered. The total number of cards entered from the opening of the first volume amounts to 147,670. A total number of 6,430 labels was turned out by the printer for use in the exhibition cases of the Department. These are distributed over the divisions as follows: Gunsaulus Collection of Sword-Guards 3,544; Philippine Ethnology 2,207; Melanesian Ethnology 113; Mexican and Central American Archaeology 546; Egyptian Pottery 16; Salish Ethnology 4. The printer supplied the Department with 2,575 catalogue cards. Several new label cards were added to the label file. In the Department of Botany all prepared and organized material received during the year has been specifically catalogued. The entries made number 15,933, bringing the total entries to 469,736. This Department has written 4,145 labels for specimens sent out in exchange with other institutions. Of these 64 were of the economic material and 4,081 herbarium specimens. 156 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. All accessions received by the Department of Geology have been fully catalogued. The largest number of additions in any division was that to the paleontological collections, which show an increase of 3,745 specimens. The total number of entries made during the yeiar was 5,246, bringing the total entries to 139,919. A total of 7,878 cards have been written. The labeling of the meteorite collection has been completed, 578 labels having been made and installed during the year for this purpose. Other series labeled are those of Chilean copper ores and Brazilian gold and iron ores. A total of 361 labels have been written during the year and 775 labels are ready to be printed. To the Departmental series of photographs, 163 prints were added, making a total of 2,911. All of these prints have been labeled, numbered and placed in albums in the order of their receipt. The regular cataloguing of the collection of mammals in the Depart- ment of Zoology has proceeded as usual. The relatively small number of accessions has made it possible to devote considerable time to the revision and completion of early records and to the segregation of material unaccompanied by authentic data. A total of 432 original catalogue entries were made during the year. In the classified card catalogue, 1,500 cards were written in Mammalogy, which included a considerable proportion substituted for temporary cards made some years ago before the collections had been fully classified. Separate indexes are now maintained of (1) the general study or reference collec- tion of mammals; (2) the collection of mammals on exhibition; (3) the mammal skeletons in addition to those of Osteology; (4) the dressed skins of large mammals kept in special storerooms. With the exception of those of the dressed skins, these catalogues are now practically all revised and completed to date. The serial or synoptic collection of mammals on exhibition has been reclassified and new labels have been written throughout. Careful consideration of the matter of tagging and labeling the specimens in the Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology in the most efficient manner, resulted in the pur- chase of a numbering machine for stamping of tin tags, and in printing a uniform series of labels, to be placed against the inner side of the jars. The catalogue in this Division has been rearranged and is being rewritten as the study of the collections proceeds. Over 1,000 labels for the reinstallation of the shell cases were prepared. The entries made in the Department of Zoology numbered 1,024, bring- ing the total to 99,699. The cards written number 1,654, making a total of 34,122. The following table shows the work performed on catalogues and the inventorying accomplished: Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director 157 No. of Record Books Total No. of Entries to Dec. 31, 1917 Entries During 1917 Total No. of Cards Written Department of Anthropology . 38 149,457 6,119 147,670 Department of Botany .... 58 469,736 15,933 75,620 Department of Geology .... 22 139,919 5,246 7,878 Department of Zoology .... 40 100,723 1,024 35,622 The Library ....... 14 105,720 2,890 243,360 Section of Photography .... 20 117,848 3,393 accesssons. — The Department of Anthropology received as a gift from Mr. Edward E. Ayer a rectangular cooking vessel and a large house lamp, both of steatite and both representing types from the Eskimo east of Point Barrow, Alaska, entirely new to the collection in the Museum. Mr. Ayer also presented a metate of Mexican type and a muller dug up some years ago at San Juan Capistrano, southern California. This is a fine specimen of perfect workmanship and superior to similar objects heretofore possessed by the Museum. Mr. Charles F. Rauchfuss of River Forest made an important addition to the Illinois archaeological collections of the Museum by his gift of 250 specimens, chiefly chipped objects, from Pope County. Mr. Homer E. Sargent presented to the Museum a small collection of Salish basketry, which will be of value in the study of technique, materials, and designs of that region. This collection was made in connection with a new research into Indian basketry initiated and patronized by Mr. Sargent. With the exception of the Stanley McCormick gifts resulting in the Hopi collections, no Southwest accession is comparable to the recent gift of Mr. Homer E. Sargent, the most prominent accession of the year. This group of eighty textiles presents the result of judicious and dis- criminative collecting extended with tact and taste over a period of more than ten years, and includes a great deal of material that at this time would not be obtainable. It comprises 37 Hopi and Navaho blankets of old designs, many of them bayetas; 9 Navaho squaw dresses of excellent weave and varying decorative motives; 6 Navaho woman’s mantles; 1 Navaho man’s woven shirt; 2 Chimayo blankets; 1 two-faced Mexican serape; 5 very rare Pueblo woman’s ceremonial robes; 7 mantles or shawls from the same region; 2 fine Zuni dresses; 3 Pueblo woman’s belts; 4 ceremonial kilts for men; 2 ceremonial sashes and other articles of the Southwest weaver’s skill. Aside from their historical and ethno- logical significance, many of these textiles have decidedly artistic merits and qualities both as to design and coloration, and may compete with the best productions in Oriental rugs. The album presented by Mr. Tokumatsu Ito is deserving of especial mention. It contains 92 ancient wood-engravings representing favorite deities of the Japanese pantheon and sold by the temples to devotees and pilgrims, who keep 158 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. these pictures as charms. This is a unique collection made in the course of many years, and its value is enhanced by a complete transliteration and translation of the legends printed on the engravings, which Mr. Ito himself has kindly supplied. A recent purchase comprises about 390 Eskimo objects acquired by Mr. Petersen at Nome, Alaska, during his residence there. The whole collection adds materially to the strength of present exhibits from the Arctic regions. It is especially notable for the great variety of fine mammoth and walrus ivories, and small ivory objects, as carved hair combs, labrets, animal carvings, float plugs, belt fastenings, dart heads, etc., along with many fine larger artifacts. Also some grave material is included m this collection. The collections from the Far East were enriched by the purchase of six exquisite cere- monial ivory tablets secured by Dr. John C. Ferguson, state counsellor of the Chinese Government. These specimens are exceedingly rare, and can be obtained only from high officials who inherited them from their forefathers. They come down from the Ming dynasty (1368-1643), and were used by dignitaries of rank for jotting down memoranda and to be held in their hands at audiences with the emperor. The most notable accession of the year in the field of Latin American archaeology was a collection of artifacts from the region of Casas Grandes, Northern Mexico. These were excavated by Captains J. W. Wright and A. T. Cooper at Colonia Dubldn, head-quarters of the American punitive expedition, and presented to the Museum through General Pershing. The collection consists principally of stone implements, and includes several of the large rectangular trough-shaped metates, characteristic of this region, which are of considerable interest and very rarely seen in museums. The Department of Botany received the following important additions to its herbarium series during the year : The private herbarium of John Murdoch, Jr., presented to the Museum by his widow. It con- tains 3,322 sheets of plants, principally his personal collections in Massachusetts, Colorado, California and South Dakota. Other notable accessions were: Ames’ Orchids 84; Bebb, Illinois 174; Blanchard, Vermont and District of Columbia 235; Britton, Britton & Wilson, Cuba and Isle of Pines 763; Collins, Bermuda 259; Cook, Canary Islands 383; Femald, Newfoundland 292; Furness, Mexico 91; Gates, Illinois 1,447; Gaumer, Yucatan 760; Gronemann, Illinois 125; Heller, California and Oregon 403; Hill, Illinois and Indiana 1,769; King, Massachusetts 181; Lansing, Illinois 293; Leiberg, Oregon 514; Letter- man, Missouri 285; Levine, China 1,046; McDonald, Illinois 111; Ridgeway, Illinois 169; Roosevelt African Expedition 135; Standley, Florida 102; Stewart, Galapagos 154; Vasey, Illinois 238; and Walker, Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. i59 Alaska 385. The additions to the organized herbarium during the year comprised 15,439 sheets. The regional distribution of these is shown in the following tabulation. This represents only the regions to which additions were made and not the herbarium as a whole: Added this Total in LOCALITY Year Herbarium North America (in general) 1 74 Arctic regions Northumberland Island*. 8 8 Alaska 240 1,391 Admiralty Island 13 13 Baranoff Island 14 14 Bell Island 8 8 Chicago!! Island 2 2 Etolin Island 2 2 Heceta Island 13 13 Kuiu Island 17 17 Prince of Wales Island 39 230 Revillagigado Island 11 11 Woewodski Island 1 1 Wrangel Island 4 4 Yakobi Island 21 21 British America: Prince Edward Island 26 38 Queen Charlotte Island . 1 98 British Columbia 5 1,446 Newfoundland 295 766 New Brunswick 16 796 Nova Scotia 32 615 Ontario 7 1,667 United States: Alabama 19 1,559 Arizona 5 8,195 Arkansas 32 465 California 477 24,750 Colorado 548 9,806 Connecticut 20 654 Carolina, North 22 4,543 South 6 1,098 Dakota, South 548 1,854 Delaware 3 1,337 District of Columbia 144 2,668 Florida (exclusive of Keys) 140 20,285 Key West 1 145 Georgia 15 3,986 Idaho 11 3,661 Illinois 3,781 26,967 Indiana 539 6,796 Indian Territory 2 314 160 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V, LOCALITY United States: Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts . Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico . New York Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania . Rhode Island . Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia . Wisconsin Wyoming Yellowstone National Park Bermuda Bahama Islands: Frozen Cay New Providence Cave Cay West Indies: Cuba ....... Grenada Isle of Pines Jamaica Martinique Porto Rico Central America: Costa Rica Guatemala Mexico Added this Year Total in Herbarium IO 1,816 3 540 3 L37I 4 L387 243 1,645 89 1,289 L955 5,345 100 3,53i 8 2,375 9 1,989 288 3,882 9 4,038 2 495 3 1,273 104 1,658 11 3,132 79 3,58i hi 6,568 3 2,048 617 9,018 21 10,151 10 600 10 1,367 159 9,766 18 2,566 267 3,498 45 2,768 74 7,494 26 2,028 70 5,001 11 1,580 6 534 260 929 2 25 1 2,445 2 38 199 11,148 13 814 608 1,266 102 7,320 2 620 3 4,730 13 608 4 3,058 165 37A48 Annual Report of the Director. 161 Jan., 1918. LOCALITY Central America: (continued) Added this Total in Lower California: Year Herbarium Guadeloupe Island 2 44 San Benito Island 2 11 Yucatan 782 6,752 Panama 77 180 South America: Argentina 5 1,070 Chile 1 253 Dutch Guiana 1 4 Peru 2 162 Trinidad 7 494 Tobago 3 41 Venezuela 2 704 Curacao 1 100 Margarita Island 20 353 Europe: Great Britain (in general) 5 1 ,426 England 2 2,464 Scotland: Arran Islaru 1 2 Austria 5 7,778 France 1 8,338 Germany 3 8,658 Greece 1 697 Sweden 9 9,618 Africa: British East Africa 122 123 Canary Islands: Gran Canaria 389 391 Teneriffe 65 112 Congo 6 7 Madagascar 14 25 Nubia 1 11 Uganda 23 27 Asia: Asia Minor 1 105 China, South 921 1,583 Songaria 1 46 India 4 1,063 Syria 1 363 Philippines 37 8,949 Oceania: Australia, South 2 4 Hawaiian Islands, (in general) 1 49° Horticultural 94 2,830 Illustrations mounted as Herbarium specimens .... 159 2,191 The Department of Geology received a number of valuable acces- sions during the year by gift, some of which may be specially mentioned 162 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. as follows: Through a fund generously donated by Mr. William J. Chalmers, about sixty specimens of crystals have been added to the Chalmers collection. Up to this time this collection, which was first exhibited at the Paris Exposition of 1900, had received only a few additions, but the increase made this year and the announced inten- tion of Mr. Chalmers to continue its active enlargement, will result in forming a very superior collection. Among the specimens added to the collection this year was a well-formed octahedron of diamond from South Africa nearly an inch in length and weighing 20^/16 carats. Through the kind offices of Mr. Chalmers also, a donation of 108 speci- mens of the copper ores and minerals of the Chuquicamata district in Chile was received from the Chile Exploration Company of Chuqui- camata, Chile. The series presented includes specimens of oxide ores from the veins, sulphide ores from the veins, and oxide, sulphide and mixed ores from the steam-shovel workings. Chalcocite, enargite, chalcopy- rite, bornite, malachite, cuprite, brochantite, krohnkite and atacainite are among the minerals represented. By thus affording a representation of the ores of one of the most notable copper districts of the world, this series forms an important addition to the collection. Mr. W. J. Chalmers was also instrumental in securing from the St. John del Rey Mining Company, Ltd., of Morro Velho, Brazil, through Mr. George Chalmers, Superintendent, a series numbering about forty specimens, of the ores and rocks of some of the chief gold mines in Brazil. The series received included typical ores and rocks of the Morro Velho mine, well known as the deepest gold mine in the world; a full repre- sentation of the gold and iron ores of the Gongo Secco and Serro do Curral mines showing especially the peculiar itabirite and jacutinga ores; and specimens of gold ores and country rocks from the Cuyaba and Raposos mines. Full descriptions and a map accompanied the specimens. These series add much of value to the Museum ore collec- tions. A large collection containing many attractive specimens, con- sisting chiefly of copper minerals from mines in the Lake Superior district, but including also important specimens of Arizona copper minerals, Cripple Creek gold ores, etc., was presented by Nathan F. and Alfred F. Leopold. A specimen of sheet copper partly removed from the matrix, a sickle-shaped mass of copper over two feet in length showing many crystal planes, and an unusual specimen of malachite, are perhaps the most remarkable things in the collection. There are also included specimens of many kinds of occurrences of native copper, many of them crystallized, of calcite and copper, tellurides of gold, arsenides of copper, amethyst, etc. As many of the specimens were obtained from mines or localities no longer accessible, they have an REPORTS, PLATE XXVIII. model Illustrating Conversion of a glacial Lake to a peat bog Scale, 30 feet equals one inch Jan., 1918. Annual Report op the Director. 163 added value and importance on this account. This collection numbered 450 specimens. Through the kindness of Mr. Alpheus F. Williams, General Manager of the De Beers Consolidated Mines Company of Kimberley, South Africa, there was received from that Company an interesting collection showing the rocks and minerals which accompany the diamond in its occurrence at Kimberley. Some of the minerals, such as zircon, olivine and garnet, received in this collection were of gem quality. Specimens of the concentrates from which the diamond is obtained were also included. The rocks received included melaphyre, eclogite, shale, diabase, “blue ground,” and others indicating the char- acter of the formation from which the diamonds are obtained. Another valuable gift received was a collection of about 3,600 specimens of invertebrate fossils and minerals from Charles F, Rauchfuss. The fos- sils were principally from formations of Chester age in southern Illinois, a region which before had been little represented in the collections. The series of Pentremites and Archimedes in this collection was espe- cially large and comprehensive, the Pentremites numbering nearly a thousand specimens representing five determined and several un- determined species, and the Archimedes numbering about one hundred specimens representing at least ten species. A large series numbering about one thousand specimens representing more than seventy-five species of fossil brachiopods from the Chester and other formations was also included, and there were about four hundred specimens represent- ing seventy-five species of fossil corals chiefly from the Falls of the Ohio. A number of producers of bog marl and similar substances used in the manufacture of Portland cement in neighboring states, kindly donated specimens of this material in order to increase the representa- tion of these products in the Museum. The courtesy of the following firms is gratefully acknowledged in this connection: Peerless Portland Cement Company, New Egyptian Portland Cement Company, Neway- go Portland Cement Company, New Aetna Portland Cement Company Peninsular Portland Cement Company, and Wolverine Portland Cement Company. Small collections of ores and minerals were presented by Mrs. J. B. Ludlow and C. W. Pomeroy. Mr. Fred Patee presented a number of specimens of highly modified hematite crystals from a new locality in New Mexico. Several valuable accessions were received through exchange. From Yale University there were thus received a beautifully preserved skull with jaws and a partial skeleton of the short- legged, aquatic rhinoceros, Teleoceras. This was from the well-known locality at Long Island, Kansas. Besides its excellent state of preserva- tion the form is of interest as being that of the last representative of the rhinoceros family in America. From Amherst College there was received 164 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. by exchange a partial skeleton of the fossil camel Stenomylus from Nebraska, and a pair of jaws and pelvis of Leontina, a large South American ungulate. A well-preserved skull of the Permian reptile, Diplocaulus, was obtained from the University of Chicago by exchange. From W. T. Watkin-Brown of Sydney, Australia, twenty-two specimens of Australian minerals were received by exchange. These included rare examples of native bismuth, bismuthinite, molybdenite and feldspars such as ordinarily cannot be readily obtained. Eleven specimens of an interesting occurrence of pyrite from Rolla, Missouri, were obtained from R. S. Dean by exchange, and a brilliant specimen of artificial bismuth crystals from William Thum by the same means. Twenty specimens of minerals were purchased, the most important being two showy specimens of violet apatite crystals from Maine and two large specimens of the newly discovered vanadium minerals hewettite and meta-hewettite. Among specimens acquired by collection may be mentioned 432 specimens of the Colby meteorite and twenty-four speci- mens of sand-carved boulders from Maine. A noteworthy acquisition in the Department of Zoology during the year was the donation, from Mrs. Anna Sala Makovickyi of Oak Park, Illinois, of a collection containing approximately 2,700 domestic and exotic butterflies, moths and beetles gathered by her former husband, Mr. August Sala. Mr. Hugh T. Birch of Chicago presented to the Museum a cabinet of drawers containing 258 specimens of butterflies moths and beetles, mainly from Colombia, S. A. To Mr. B. Preston Clark of Boston, the Museum is again indebted for some very desirable additions to its series of sphinx moths. The specimens of mammals received from the Collins-Day South American Expedition were acces- sioned during the year. The synoptic collection of mammals received a number of additions, mostly of species of small size. These include the Cape Jumping Hare, Parry’s Ground Squirrel, Zulia Squirrel, Redwood Chipmunk, Prairie Hare, Roof Rat, White-footed Mouse, Red-backed Mouse, and Lemming Mouse. A few specimens of mam- mals, from French Guiana, were purchased. An important accession of birds was secured by purchase from W. H. Rosenberg of London, England, consisting of 404 skins, representing many rare species from South America, nearly all of which were new to the Museum collection. Mr. T. L. Hankinson donated an interesting series of fresh- water fishes from Cuba and Florida, and Mr. Paul D. Ruthling presented some salamanders and lizards from southern California. An important accession consists of specimens of fishes, amphibians, and reptiles from California collected by the Assistant Curator. In this consignment were included the most complete single collection of tide Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 165 pool fishes ever made in that state, and a series of desirable fishes, mostly from Japan, presented by Stanford University. The accessions may be summarized as follows: Purchases: 41 mammals and 404 birds; By gift: 169 mammals, 5 birds, 1 nest and eggs, 213 fishes, 3,000 insects and 223 shells; By exchange: 6 fishes; By expeditions: 379 fishes and 180 insects. Expeditions and field work. — Several short trips were made by the various members of the staff of the Department of Botany to Indiana and northern Illinois, for the purpose of obtaining living plant material for the Section of Reproduction. The Curator accompanied by an assistant made a day’s trip to the interesting lake shore region between Waukegan and Beach, Illinois, on which they collected 56 plants for the herbarium. Preparator Lansing visited the Galena region, in Jo Daviess County, Illinois, collecting 205 plants for the herbarium and 414 for exchange purposes. A trip was made by the Curator of Geology to Colby, Wisconsin, in order to secure specimens of the meteorite which fell there on July 4th. By excavating the soil at the point of fall the Curator succeeded in collecting about 20 pounds of the meteorite in the form of fragments which had been naturally formed by its shattering in striking the earth. There were 432 fragments so obtained, some of them being over 100 grams in weight. A large piece of a second individual, which fell about half a mile distant, was also secured. In addition photographs were made at the point of fall and descriptions of the phenomena of the fall obtained from a number of eye-witnesses. A remarkable deposit of wind-carved boulders in Maine was visited by the Curator and twenty-four speci- mens illustrating typical results of wind-action collected from the deposits. Some specimens illustrating glacial river phenomena were also collected in the same vicinity and about thirty photographs illustrating glacial phenomena made. The Assistant Curator of Geology spent ten days at Natural Bridge, Virginia, securing material and data for a model of the Natural Bridge. Besides taking more than one hundred photo- graphs, he made a stadia survey of the region and plane-table surveys of portions of special importance. It is expected that with this data it will be possible to make a model which will be an accurate and faithful replica of Nature. The survey made by the Assistant Curator is, so far as known, the first detailed survey of the Bridge that has been accom- plished since that conducted by Thomas Jefferson shortly after the close of his term as President. The courtesy and cooperation of Mr. T. H. Gurney of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad contributed materially to the success of the undertaking, as did also that of Mr. J. A. Mundy, President of the Bridge Company, who arranged for free admission to 166 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. the Bridge grounds, and provided the services of one of his employees as rodman. The Assistant Curator also spent two days in the northern Illinois lake region making detailed studies of the floating bogs of these lakes and their peat and marl deposits, in order to obtain data for making a model of a glacial lake. Besides the study material brought in, some additions to the permanent collections were thus procured. In October the Assistant Curator of Ichthyology and Herpetology, accompanied by Taxidermist Pray, spent nearly two weeks in Wis- consin collecting material for exhibition purposes, the work being carried on along the Mississippi River, chiefly on Lake Pepin. 60 specimens for mounting were obtained, representing twenty-seven of the important food fishes of the Mississippi Valley. This material will cover the larger part of at least one side of a panel case, and will serve as the basis of three or four groups, for which the accessory material was also gathered. The success of this expedition depended to a considerable degree upon the cooperation of certain members of the Association of Commercial Fishermen and Clammers. Upon the request of the Association, the Museum sent as a loan a collection of twenty-two mounted food fishes, with labels, to the annual meeting of this organiza- tion held in La Crosse on November 30th. The fishes were also exhibited in the High School of that city. On three different occasions the lagoon in Jackson Park, adjacent to the Museum, was seined and numerous specimens were obtained, some of which have been mounted for exhibi- tion. The Assistant Curator has collected a considerable number of local fishes, amphibians, and reptiles in the vicinity of Chicago while engaged in his work for the exhibition series. Frequent one-day trips were made and one week in August was spent in the sand dunes of Indiana collecting material for this Division. As soon as the summer had advanced sufficiently to make collecting profitable, a number of field trips were made for insect group material by the Assistant Curator of Entomeology and his assistant. For this purpose Palos Park, Illinois, was visited at intervals in order to obtain specimens, particularly dragonflies, and accessories for a group illustrating the insect life of ponds. To represent the most conspicuous insects found in the vicinity of small, running streams, the region between New Lenox and Joliet was likewise visited at intervals. Toward the end of summer several trips were made to Edgebrook and other nearby places for material suitable for a group of tomato worm moths. Several days were also spent at Miller, Indiana, in order to secure the insects and accessories typical of sand areas, but, as the collecting season had already well advanced, it was not possible to secure a series of some of the early stages of the most characteristic forms. As a result of these trips enough Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 167 material, including accessories and photographs suitable for back- grounds, has been obtained for two, probably three, habitat groups and one of an economic nature. In addition to the group material, a number of duplicate specimens were gathered for the serial collection. INSTALLATION, REARRANGEMENT, AND PERMANENT IMPROVEMENT. All instal- lation of cases in the Department of Anthropology during the year was carried on systematically with strict regard to conditions in the new building and in accordance with the newly adopted and approved plan of arrangement in the new quarters. The principle of avoiding duplication as far as possible and setting quality above quantity has been applied consistently. Duplicate material is now divided into two groups, designated as study and exchange collections. The study collections are treated on the same basis as the public exhibits, receiving the same care and attention, and will be made accessible to specialists and students. Detailed lists have been prepared of all collections available for exchange. A total of 55 cases has been installed, six of these being four-foot cases, and nearly all of them being completely labeled. The material installed in these cases is distributed over the various divisions as follows: Melanesian Ethnology 1 case; Philippine Ethnology 37 cases; American Ethnology 3 cases; Mexican Archaeology 5 cases; Jewelry of India 1 case; Japanese Sword-Guards 2 cases; and Egyptian Archaeology 6 cases. The case added to the Joseph N. Field Hall illustrates hunting, fishing and miscellaneous industries of New Britain. As soon as the cataloguing of the collections from New Guinea, now under way, is completed, the installation of this Hall will be rounded out. In accordance with the new policy laid down for instal- lation and following the definite assignment of space in the new building, the Philippine collections were carefully overhauled so as to bring out to greatest advantage the characteristic traits of the various tribes without needless duplication of material. This necessitated the re- organization and relabeling of a large part of the cases on exhibition. However, the results are gratifying; the number of exhibition cases having been reduced from 127 to 79 without any characteristic culture being omitted, and without any essential features being sacrificed. Many labels have been rewritten, and much new information added, while the exhibits in their general appearance have been greatly im- proved, and, owing to the process of condensation, have gained in clear and direct representation. Various re-arrangements were further made in eight cases, and labels were added to about ten others. All cases of the Philippine collection were placed in new order according to the geographical distribution of tribes. The duplicate material withdrawn from exhibition has been divided into two groups; one for study pur- 168 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. poses and the other for exchange. A life-size group of six figures has been completed and is ready for exhibition in the new building. This group illustrates the production of cloth by the Bagobo of Mindanao in the various stages of manufacture, from the stripping of the so-called Manila hemp ( Musa textilis), through the overtying and dyeing of the threads, to the weaving and polishing of the cloth. It will be an inter- esting addition to the Philippine Hall. The labeling of the African col- lection installed last year was completed during the summer. One case of Hopi head-dresses for ceremonial occasions has been installed in the East Court. Additional accessions of Hupa, Yurok and Karok festival dress and head plumes have necessitated the expansion of the old case containing varied ceremonial paraphernalia into two cases, one of woman’s festival attire, and the other of costumes grouped according to the dances in which they were used. The entire Mexican collection is now being overhauled, grouped according to culture areas and tribes, and permanently installed. Specimens not selected for exhibition are reserved as study collections, and duplicates are listed for possible future exchange. The receipt of the Pershing Collection has neces- sitated a reinstallation of the two cases of Casas Grandes pottery pre- sented last year by Mr. Homer E. Sargent, in order to permit a com- bination of the two as an integral unit. In addition have been installed a case of archaeological material from the Totonac and Huaxtec region of Vera Cruz, containing the well-sculptured stone yokes typical of this region, a four-foot case containing the best large stone sculptures from the Valley of Mexico from various collections, and two cases illustrating the ethnology of the Tarahumare, Tepehuane, and Tarascan, principally from the Lumholtz Collection. All cases are completely labeled as installed. Jewelry collected by G. A. Dorsey in British India has been installed in a wall-case of the Gem Room. The Gunsaulus collection of Japanese sword-guards and sword-fittings, described in the last annual report, has been installed in two standard cases, temporarily placed in Alcove 122 of the North Court. One of the cases contains 468 objects, the other 373, arranged on narrow shelves in such a way that each piece can be plainly viewed and studied from both sides. This is important, as the majority of sword-guards are decorated or inscribed both on the obverse and reverse. For this reason, each sword-guard had to be supplied with two labels, one explaining the obverse, the other the reverse. There is reason to believe that this is the first attempt in any museum to display sword-guards in a rational and intelligent manner. In general, a chronological principle of arrangement has been adopted, but within the various periods groups of art-schools and subjects are singled out, so that this material becomes a fit object-lesson for the Jan., 1918. Annual Report oe the Director. 169 study of the development of Japanese design and art-motives. Plans have been laid out for the re-organization of the Egyptian collection and its adaptation to the new surroundings, for which the old-style cases proved unfit. Six standard cases are now completed, and comprise stone tomb tablets, portrait statuary, and statuettes, vases carved from alabaster and other stone, and pottery, the latter filling two cases. One of these contains vessels of the Prehistoric Empire, of Ptolemaic and Roman times, along with amphorae and ostraca col- lected by Mr. Ayer. The other case comprises Greek, Cypriote and Coptic pottery, Roman vessels and lamps of clay, Menas flasks and other amphorae. All this material is now displayed to greater advantage and in conformity with modern methods. On January 11, Hall 11 adjoining the South Court was vacated to make room for the storage of publications, which required a re-arrangement and adjustment of the cases illustrating the ethnology of the Kwakiutl and Tlingit. The house- posts and 3 cases were placed in Hall 12. One case of Athapascan ethnology from Alcove 109, South Court, was placed in Hall 4. Two cases from Hall 11 were transferred to Alcove 109, South Court. One case from Hall 11 was removed to Alcove hi, South Court, along with a Tlingit case from Alcove 109. The case showing house-models was placed in Hall 10. Material from Costa Rica, Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia was placed in storage in Hall 69. After the new arrangement of the Philippine section, the East Annex was cleared of all new or vacant cases, scattered around in the various halls, and those are now con- centrated in Hall 37. Four old Geology cases containing pottery and Gilbert Island armor of the Joseph N. Field Collections were stripped of their contents which were placed in permanent storage cases in Hall 68. The requisitioned cases were transferred to other departments of the Museum. The two Peabody wall-cases in Alcove 122, North Court, containing collections from India, were stored in Halls 68 and 69. Other material from India, including the wooden carvings long stored in the East Annex, has been placed in permanent storage in Hall 69. The contents of six standard cases of the oldest type in Hall 4, con- taining Eskimo ethnology, was transferred to standard cases of more recent make. The former cases will be used in the display of Mexican archaeology now being installed. As fast as the Peabody cases in the East Court have been vacated for re-installation, they have been used for storage in the West Annex of all study and exchange material, thus housing the specimens in less space and more safely than here- tofore. Re-arrangements were made in 9 cases, and 61 cases were poisoned. Over 600 specimens, chiefly from the South Sea Islands, Philippine Islands, Egypt and Mexico, were repaired or treated dur- 170 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. ing the year. More than 11,000 new numbers have been marked on specimens. In the Department of Botany the following 14 cases have been installed, labeled in full, and placed on exhibition: Of the American Forestry Series: Pride-of-China tree, Oregon Yew; Garry’s Oak, Buck- wheat tree; Hercules’ club, Oregon Elder; Service tree, Southern Cherry; Oregon Crab-apple, Bitter Cherry; Sitka Willow, Wild Crab-apple; Myrtle Oak, Wild Plum; Devil-wood, Georgia Bark; Striped Maple, Mountain Laurel; Vine Maple, Yaupon. Of the Systematic Series: Two cases displaying the characteristic products and utilization of Sea- weeds; one case illustrating the economic products of the Soapwort family; and one case devoted to the botany and economics of the Spikenard family. A number of cases have been reinstalled to accom- modate plant reproductions or new and specially interesting specimens. In many instances installed cases have been rearranged to better display their contents. Through the interest and munificence of Mr. Stanley Field, the Section of Plant Reproduction was reestablished, in con- nection with the Department of Botany. Five well-lighted connecting laboratories were constructed in the West Annex of the Museum building designed to accommodate a Biologist, a Glass-worker, an Artist, an Assembler, and a Caster in wax and plaster. The rooms were finished and equipped with apparatus in February. Dr. Dahlgren, the former Biologist in charge, accepted the Assistant Curatorship of Economic Botany in March, and the Museum succeeded in selecting and organizing the working staff on the lines previously employed in this unique and representative work. The training of the staff, each in his special craft, began about the middle of March and actual opera- tions began the first of April. The end of the year finds the following reproductions completed and installed: The Pine Family: a specially preserved natural branch of Georgia Pine, accompanied by an enlarged male ament, a highly magnified anther, an enlarged female “cone” and magnified pistillate scale. The Pitcher-Plant Family: a complete, natural-size plant of Sarracenia in situ in bog-moss, a separate flower opened to show the arrangement of the reproductive organs, and two enlarged sections of the ovary. The Grass Family: a panicle and enlarged spikelet of Oats, accompanied by an enlarged flower at anthesis and a highly enlarged developing grain. The Cactus Family: a com- plete, natural-size plant of the Dune Cactus in flower, young bud and fruit, accompanied by a somewhat enlarged sectional flower and a transverse section of the ovary. The Spikenard Family: a complete, natural-size plant of Ginseng in full ripe fruit and retaining its char- acteristic root. The Spurge Family: the complete upper portion of a Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 171 large Castor-bean plant in full leaf, flower and ripe fruit; associated with enlarged models of a male cluster and female flower in section and a transverse section of the ovary. The Waterlily Family: a strikingly natural portion of a “ Lotus bed” comprising life-size leaves in all stages of expansion, developing flower-buds, fruits and fully expanded flowers. The Mahogany Family : a natural-size branch of the Mahogany tree in full leaf and ripe fruit. The Dog’s-Bane Family: a complete natural-size top of an Oleander bush with three branches in full flower and one in ripening fruit; associated with this is an enlarged flower of the Dog’s bane sectioned to reveal the peculiar arrangement of the essential organs, and a transverse section of the ovary. The Blue- Green Algae: a model, in glass, of Nostoc (highly magnified) and a sim- ilarly produced model of Rivularia. The Green Algae: a complete natural-size reproduction, in glass, of a species of Caulerpa. During the period of production of the above the following reproductions and models were in process and are now nearing completion: A natural-size plant of Poison Ivy, in full leaf and flower, and an autumnal branch in full ripe fruit and color ate leaf; a large portion of a Trumpet-creeper vine in full leaf, flower and fruit; the terminal portion of a Bittersweet vine in full autumnal foliage and ripe fruit and a small branch in flower; a large branch of Witch-hazel in autumnal foliage, ripe fruit and flower; a large branch of the Sassafras tree in full leaf and fruit ; and a complete male plant of Nepenthes in leaf, pitcher and flower. Accessory repro- ductions of specialized fruits, with a leaf or two attached to the stems, are produced as opportunity offers. Of these the Cocoon Fruit ( Fevillea ) , of the Melon family, has been finished and installed; and the peculiar fruits of the Sausage Tree and the Wax Candle tree are in process. All the reproductions and models are made from living plants only and are fabricated from such materials as are permanent and will best simulate the transparency, freshness and texture of each special organ. In order that the full character of this work may be comprehended in this connection a recapitulation of the work accomplished previous to Mr. Field’s contribution for the maintenance of the Section, may not be out of place in this report. The other plant families now represented, aside from the above, are: The Orchid Family: a complete, natural- size Vanilla vine, in full leaf, flower and mature fruit, accompanied by a large Cattleya flower and enlarged essential organs; The Milkweed Family: a complete, natural-size plant of the common Milk-weed in full leaf, fruit and flower-heads, accompanied by an enlarged flower, stamen, and a leg of a fly carrying a pollen sac; The Gingko Family: a large, natural-size branch of the Maidenhair tree in full leaf and ripe fruit. The Horsechestnut Family: a large branch of the Buckeye in 172 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. full leaf and fruit, accompanied by a smaller branch in leaf and flower, and a number of ripe fruits open to reveal their distinctive character; The Soapberry Family: a natural-size limb of the Akee tree in full leaf, flower and ripe fruit, plainly exemplifying the close relationship that exists between this family and that of the Horsechestnuts. This is accompanied by a portion of the flower cluster, enlarged, detailing a male and a female flower; The Pea and Bean Family: a branch of the Tamarind tree, in full leaf, flower and ripe fruit, and an enlarged, dis- sected flower of the common Pea; The Joint-Fir Family: a large portion of a Gnetum vine in full leaf, flower and fruit together with an enlarged “cone” and still greater enlargements of the male and the female flowers; The Snake-Root Family: the upper portion of a large Swan- flower vine, with its peculiar blossoms and buds, accompanied by a flower, in section, revealing the intricate structures developed to prevent self-fertilization; The Morning Glory Family: a complete Sweet Potato vine, including the root system, in full leaf and flower, an enlarged flower of the Morning Glory sectioned to reveal the essential organs, also a longitudinal and a transverse section of an ovary; The Bread Fruit Family: a natural-size branch of the Bread-fruit tree in full leaf and bearing a cluster of male and of female flowers together with a ripe fruit. This is accompanied by a half section of the ripe fruit, a large Jack Fruit with leaves, a quarter section of the fruit, and models of highly magnified male and female flowers; The Citrus Family: a natural-size branch of the Grape Fruit in full leaf and flower including a cluster of ripe fruits; an Orange flower, in section, revealing the essential organs; reproductions, with leaves, of the King Mandarin, Citron, Kumquat, Lemon, Sweet Lemon, Lime, Sweet Lime, Navel Orange, Pumelo, Tangerine, Finger Citron and sections of several fruits to show the character of the pulp; The Ebony Family: a large, natural-size branch of the Persimmon tree in full ripe fruit after the leaves have fallen; The Pigeon Plum Family: a natural-size branch of the Sapote in full leaf, flower and fruit, two enlarged flowers, three ripe Star-apples in transverse section; The Mangrove Family: a full case representing a Mangrove colony with the trees in full leaf, flower, fruit and aerial root, with a number of fruits floating and others taking root in the muddy shore; an enlarged flower sectioned and a series of fruits showing the development of the radicle; The Sorrel Family: a natural- size branch of the Bilimbi tree in full leaf, flower and fruit, a sectioned flower of the Sheep Sorrel, enlarged, and a cluster of Carambola fruits with leaves; The Magnolia Family: a large branch of the Great Magno- lia in full leaf and floral cycle and with developing fruits; The Pawpaw Family: the upper portion of a Sour-sop tree in full leaf, flower and FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY REPORTS, PLATE XXIX. Portion of a Lotus Bed ( Nelu mbo lutea ) Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. i73 ripe fruit, an enlarged flower in section, a cluster of Ylang-ylang fruits with leaves, a cluster of Pawpaw’s with leaves and a Pawpaw fruit in section, a ripe Custard-apple with leaves; The Smartweed Family: a large branch of the Sea Grape tree in full leaf, flower and fruit, with an enlarged section of the flowering rhachis with three fully developed flowers; The Lily Family: a complete natural-size plant of Aloes in full flower, associated with this is a model of the summit of a lily plant in flower and a sectioned ovary; The Pomegranate Family: a natural-size branch of a Pomegranate tree in full leaf and flower, an enlarged flower, in section, with two sections of the ovary, and a ripe pomegranate sectioned to show the peculiar arrangement of the seeds; ThePapaw Family: a complete summit of a Papaw tree in full leaf, female flower and all stages of developing fruits, a complete male inflorescence, an enlarged male and female flower, in section, and a full-ripe fruit cut to reveal the disposition of the seeds; The Arum Family: a complete, natural-size Anthurium in full leaf, flower and fruit, growing from the crotch of a tree and showing the aerial root system; with this are two flower spathes of the Indian Turnip cut to show the bases of the male and female spadices, a complete ripe fruit cluster, an enlarged stamen and the section of an ovary; The Nutmeg Family: a branch of a Nutmeg tree in full leaf, flower and fruit, enlarged male and female flowers, in section, a sectioned ovary and a ripe fruit opened to reveal the mace and nutmeg within; The Madder Family: a large branch of a coffee tree in full leaf, flower and developing fruit, an enlarged flower, in section, two sections of a ripe fruit showing the position of the twin coffee “berries” and a full plant of Myrmecodium — the “Living Ant’s-nest”; The Chocolate Family: the summit of a Chocolate tree in full flower and developing fruit, with a branch in full leaf, an enlarged flower and a ripe fruit opened to reveal the disposition of the “beans”; The Lignum-Vitae Family: a natural-size branch of Lignum- vitae in full leaf, flower and fruit, an enlarged flower, in section, two sections of the ovary and mature fruits of another species; The Clove Family: a natural-size branch of the Guava tree in full leaf, flower and mature fruit, with this an enlarged flower, in section, and a sectional ovary; The Mushrooms: the following species have been reproduced toward illustrating the edible and poisonous mushrooms: clusters of two Tricholomas , Grifola, Peziza , Armillaria , Marasmius, Amanita , Russula , Coprinus, and Agaricus campestris , also a large specimen of Clavatia gigantea and another broken open to reveal the texture of the interior; The Bacteria: a monographic series of reproductions, in glass, micro- detailing a number of well-known species of disease germs, ferments, etc., tribal types, reproduction, nucleation and methods of cultivation; 174 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. The Diatoms: a monograph reproducting nine typical species and illustrating the method of conjugation, colonization, and the production of resting-spores ; The Conjugatae : a monographic display reproducing ten unicellular and multicellular species also illustration of conjugation in the unicellular type and the formation and ejection of zoospores in the multicellular forms; The Liverworts: a natural-size colony of Marchantia, with enlarged male and female reproductive organs and a series of highly magnified reproductions illustrating both forms of generation; The Horsetails: natural-size reproductions of a whole sterile vegetative shoot, a complete male shoot and a magnified section of a sterile ‘‘cone,” also a cluster of sporophores. A number of other pieces were produced and installed awaiting further reproductions in the families to which they pertain. They are: The Pepper Family: a reproduction of a bundle of fresh leaves of the Betel Pepper such as are sold in Malayan markets; The Arrow-Root Family: five natural- size flowers of Thalia so disposed as to reveal the peculiar development for fertilization; The Pineapple Family: a natural-size branch of a Calabash tree, in full leaf, acting as host for a colony of Tillandsias; The Ginger Family: reproduction of a full size, fresh, ripe fruit of the Cardamom as sold in Malayan markets as a vegetable; The Gamboge Family: a leafy tip of a branch of the Mangosteen bearing a full-ripe fruit, three sections of the fruit showing the disposition of the pulp and seeds; The Fig Family: the tip of a leafing Osage Orange branch bear- ing two mature fruits; The Caper Family: an enlarged Spider-flower, a section of the ovary and a fully matured fruit; The Connarad Family: a leafy branch of Connarus bearing a cluster of mature fruits, two fruits opened to reveal the peculiar seed and its aril; The Birch Family: an enlarged portion of a male and a female catkin displaying the essen- tial organs and a still greater enlargement of a stamen; The Screw-Pine Family: reproduction of a mature Pandanus fruit. A number of objects and collections in the Department of Geology have been installed in various halls, but as heretofore, owing to lack of space, this has been accomplished in most cases only by removal of other series which had previously been on exhibition. By some readjust- ments in Skiff Hall, a floor case containing about fifty of the largest specimens of copper from Lake Superior presented by Nathan F. and Alfred F. Leopold was installed. Before installation of these specimens they were thoroughly cleaned by immersion in sodium cyanide and then carefully coated with shellac by means of an air brush so that they could not again tarnish. At the same time the opportunity was improved to give a similar treatment to a number of other speci- mens of native copper and silver. The valuable collection of Lake Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 175 Superior minerals which for a number of years had been loaned to the Museum by the late Frank McM. Stanton was, owing to the decease of Mr. Stanton, returned to Mrs. Stanton at her request. In the space thus vacated, the collection of Chuquicamata, Chile, copper ores, received during the year, and a series of Bolivia copper ores were installed. By removal of less important specimens there were also installed in this hall the series of gold and iron ores and accompanying rocks from Brazil presented by Mr. George Chalmers, and a series of specimens representing the ores of the Chloride, Arizona, district. In order to provide greater security, the more valuable part of the platinum collections was transferred from this hall to Higinbotham Hall. This has relieved the previously overcrowded condition of the case which contained these specimens, and permitted better display of those of less intrinsic value. In order to provide space for the exhibition of two models which had recently been constructed, part of the synoptic fossil collection was removed from Hall 35 and the models installed in the space thus left. The models were constructed by the Assistant Curator. One illustrates the processes of extinction of a glacial lake, the other represents the relation of soil to rock in a glaciated region. The model illustrating the extinction of a glacial lake was constructed to explain the operation of those agents which are causing the gradual obliteration of numerous small lakes of glacial origin which are scattered through the moraine belt of the country and are especially numerous in parts of Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin. Incidentally the nature and origin of the lake marl deposits are shown, as well as the mode of formation of the peat beds of the Upper Mississippi Valley. These beds are some- what different in origin from those commonly described in text books. As it was found that no single lake was adapted to show these features properly in a model of suitable size, the model was made as a composite of a number of small Illinois and Wisconsin lakes with which the Curators were familiar. The model is made of Portland cement rein- forced with expanded metal. It is five feet long, nineteen inches wide and two feet high. It was designed for installation on the floor of a deep wall case. The scale is 30 feet to the inch, which is small enough so that a considerable area can be represented and yet large enough to show vegetation in some detail. On the upper surface, the model shows half of a disappearing lake lying in a gravel and rock basin. The original shores of the lake appear where the hills meet the swamp which forms the present shore. From this original shore a swamp extends for a considerable distance towards the center. The two ordinary characters of shore marshes are shown in an open marsh of rushes and sedges on one side, and on the other side a cedar and tamarack swamp. Beyond 176 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. these there extends over the lake a fringe of floating bog, composed of a mat of rushes and sedges floating on the lake surface and attached to the shore. Beyond the floating bog, water is shown and on its surface appear representations of aquatic vegetation, such as lilies, bulrushes, etc., which grow in orderly, but sometimes broken sequence from the shore outward. On the bottom of the lake appear masses of water weeds also in zones, each kind of weed contributing its detritus to the masses of calcareous and organic material which slowly fill the lake. The front of the model shows a section of the lake and its adjoining ground. The lake bottom has also been modeled and may be seen through the representation of the lake water. This section shows at the sides and bottom the original gravel and rock basin of the lake. The peat and muck formed from the remains of aquatic vegetation extend towards the center from the sides. The floating bog also appears in section, and the underlying peat formed from the vegetable remains dropped from the rush mat is represented. Masses of bladderwort and similar water plants and the peat derived from them are shown in their proper position, as well as the lime- secreting algae and charas growing over the grayish-white marl which they are supposed to have formed on the lake bottom. The model illustrating the relation of soil and rock in glaciated regions is intended to show that in a glacial region the contour of the surface of the soil has no relation to the form of the rock surface below. The model is made of Portland cement laid on expanded metal. It is three feet long, one foot wide, and thirty-two inches high. The scale is 30 feet to the inch. It represents a region such as exists in the agricultural districts south- west of Chicago. The upper surface of the model represents a slightly rolling country with cultivated fields, pastures, farm buildings and a road. The front of the model shows a section through the soil and the rock below. The surface soil is represented lying on a mass of till, which in turn rests upon horizontally bedded limestone. The upper surface of the limestone is represented as having been carved in pre-glacial times to a very rugged topography, but the peaks and valleys of this rock topography are seen to have no bearing whatever on the contour of the gently rolling surface above. In order to bring the peat collections opposite the model illustrating the mode of formation of peat, the table cases in Hall 35 were rearranged, and in the case illustrating the occur- rence of diamond, a new series of minerals and rocks associated with the occurrence of the South African diamonds was installed. In making this installation there was placed in the center of the collection a large label with a cut representing a cross-section of the Kimberley deposit. From appropriate places on this label white silk threads were extended to specimens of the corresponding rocks. Beyond these, specimens of Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 177 the minerals which are associated with the diamonds of the deposit were placed in a series of trays. In addition, the exhibit as at present displayed includes large samples of the Kimberley “blue ground” and a specimen of diamond in the matrix. The installation of the meteorite collection has been somewhat rearranged during the year and a number of improvements made. The pyramids of three of the cases containing stone meteorites were remodeled, in order to better display the speci- mens. For this purpose the specimens were first removed and then reinstalled. A border left by etching on a large number of specimens of the iron meteorites as they were received was found to be misleading to visitors, as it appeared to represent a natural feature. Accordingly fifty-two of these specimens have been repolished and reetched. Exhibition labels have been provided for the entire meteorite collec- tion, and about six hundred were installed during the year. Adjacent to the meteorite collection, a series of terrestrial irons has been put on exhibition, the series including a number of specimens of the Santa Catharina and Greenland irons and awaruite from several localities. Two terrestrial globes prepared by the Assistant Curator to show special features, were added to the exhibition series of maps. One of these globes is colored to show the geological age of the different portions of the earth’s surface about which the data are known, and upon the other are indicated the areas of the earth which are subject to earthquakes. The data for the geological globe were based largely on the well-known map by Jules Marcou with some corrections and additions. The colors chosen to represent the different periods were selected to give a pleasing effect and provide contrast without harshness. On the earthquake globe the land and water are shown in light colors and the earthquake regions are represented in a strongly contrasting dark shade. The zonal dis- tribution of regions subject to earthquakes is thus well brought out. As the large skull of Triceratops in Hall 36 was found to be undergoing injury on account of vibration caused by the passing of heavy objects, it was removed to a less exposed location in Hall 33. Two floor cases of Jurassic fossils were moved from Hall 33 to Hall 36 in order to occupy the vacated space and some other adjustments of cases in this hall were made so as to give better lighting. The skeleton of the fossil wolf from the Los Angeles asphalt beds, which was mounted during the year, was installed in a case in Hall 36 with other specimens from these beds. The skeleton as mounted represents the animal stepping from an apparently firm mixture of asphalt and soil into a soft asphalt from which it was unable to escape. In a floor case in Hall 59 a skeleton of a saber- tooth tiger from the same deposit was placed on exhibition in a dis- articulated form, so that its osteological characters may be readily 178 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. studied. A full series of labels was provided with which white silk threads extending from each element to its label indicate definitely the several parts. The contents of several cases in Hall 59, containing chiefly vertebrate Miocene fossils, were rearranged, largely in order to admit new specimens which had been worked out in the laboratory. The most important of these was a mount of the posterior half of a skeleton of the rare Oligocene aquatic rhinoceros, Metamynodon. This was mounted in relief on a slab three and one-half by five feet in size, the texture and color of the slab being made to imitate as far as possible the matrix from which the bones were taken. Each bone was also mounted so as to be easily removed from the slab whenever this may be desired for purposes of study, or otherwise. Other newly prepared specimens installed in these cases were, skulls and lower jaws of the rare Oligocene ungulate, Protoceras celer, and the same of the Oligocene suilline, Perchoerus. The large model of jaws of the fossil shark ex- hibited in Hall 60, was found to be undergoing injury on account of too much handling by visitors. It was accordingly removed to an alcove and a railing placed in front of it. The position of others of the large mounts in this hall was also changed in order to give wider passageways and better protection. In this connection the opportunity was improved to repair injuries which had been caused to many of the large mounts in this or adjoining halls by too great inquisitiveness of visitors. Mounts so repaired included those of the Glyptodon, Hadrosaurus, Colossochelys, Uintatherium, Carcharodon and Mastodon. The large case of Miocene fossils formerly in Hall 60 was moved to Hall 61 and the skull and partial skeleton of Teleoceras received during the year as well as some smaller specimens were installed in wall cases in the same hall. Work in the paleontological laboratory was hindered by the absence of the preparator during a large part of the year, but nevertheless a number of valuable specimens were either worked out or mounted, or both. Among the specimens thus prepared in the laboratory during the year were the Metamynodon, Protoceras and Perchoerus mounts already mentioned, a skull and jaws of Parahippus, portions of a skeleton of Megacerops, a number of canine teeth of the saber-tooth tiger and bones of the Mammoth. Some specimens received in exchange also were given treatment necessary to insure their better preservation. In reclassifying the serial or synoptic collection of mammals in the Department of Zoology, many duplicates were eliminated and various other specimens, which it is now evident will not meet the standards or needs of the installations planned for the new Museum building, have been transferred to the reference collection or disposed of otherwise. Among these are a considerable number of mounted mammals prepared Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 179 a good many years ago, before the greatly improved methods of taxi- dermy now in use had been perfected. In many instances these speci- mens have been replaced by others of the same species of better quality. Following this a reinstallation was made of part of the synoptic collec- tion including especially the smaller ungulates as the wild sheep, goats, and antelopes. These have been placed in twelve new cases of special design adopted as a standard to be followed for the remainder of the synoptic collection of mammals. The new cases have the general dimensions and appearance of the cases used throughout the Department of Zoology but are modified for the especial display of large and medium- size mammals by having slightly higher bases and by the use of single plates of glass in the sides without interrupting mouldings. The length of these cases is approximately 1 2 feet, the width 4 feet, and the height 8 feet. For smaller mammals a case of the same length and width but much reduced height was necessary and two such cases were satis- factorily installed; one with pigmy deer and antelopes and the other with wolves and foxes. Although work has progressed on several groups of mammals, none have been installed during the year. The most im- portant mammal group under preparation is that of the American Bison, made possible through the generosity of Mr. Arthur B. Jones. Marked progress has been made with this group. Late in the winter of 1916 arrangements were made to obtain especially fine selected specimens from the living bison in the well known Corbin herd maintained by the Blue Mountain Forest Association of New Hampshire. At the proper time, therefore, the Museum Taxidermist selected the animals and prepared the skins and necessary parts of their skeletons together with measurements and the data required in this connection. These excep- tionally fine skins have been prepared by the skin dresser and are now ready for use when needed. Meanwhile, a background was painted for this group by Mr. C. A. Corwin, representing a scene near the last stronghold of the bison in eastern Montana. This background is of semi-elliptical design and of very large size to conform to a generously proportioned case which, as planned, will be 28 feet wide, 14 feet deep, and 15 feet high. After preliminary models in wax had been made, full size manikins for the seven bison to be included in the group were prepared. During the year the work on the artificial vegetation acces- sory to the jaguar and capybara group was finally completed and this group is therefore ready for installation. Under the Stanley Field Ornithology Fund, three additional habitat groups of birds have been completed and installed for exhibition, and a fourth is well advanced. The completed groups are as follows: Group 1 — Winter birds in northern Illinois, showing a number of winter species, including Hairy 180 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Woodpecker, White-breasted Nuthatch, Chickadee, Snow Bunting, Blue Jay, some excited Crows have discovered a Screech Owl in a hollow tree, and a Northern Shrike is shown surrounded by several small birds (Redpolls, Siskins, etc.), which he has killed and placed on thorns for future consumption. Group 2 — A winter scene on shore of Lake Michigan, showing ice and open water. The group includes Her- ring Gulls, Surf Scoter, Long-tailed Duck or Old Squaw, and Red- breasted Mergansers; all familiar birds in this locality at that season. Group 3 — Bird Life at Fox Lake, Illinois. A summer scene, illustrating the nesting habits of a number of the smaller marsh birds and includes the Red- winged Blackbird, Yellow-headed Blackbird, Bank Swallow, Black Tern, Gallinule, Virginia Rail, Sora Rail, Coot, and Least Bit- tern. Many nests, eggs and young birds are shown. Thirty specimens of local fishes were mounted. There was also prepared, from a skin in liquid, an excellent mount of the monkey-fish, a strange eel-like creature inhabiting the California reefs. The large mounted sword-fish, which was literally falling to pieces, was remounted and put into such shape as to make a suitable display. Some time was devoted to the formula- tion of the best possible scheme for the display of fishes, amphibians, and reptiles in the new Museum building, in order that the exhibition aspect of the work in the Division might be most efficiently directed to that end. The Division of Entomology primarily directed its efforts toward the preparation of insects and insect groups for exhibition. A life- history exhibit of the mulberry silk-worm, containing fifty specimens, illustrating the various stages of the silk-worm, including the eggs, larvae, cocoon, and moths, was mounted on a wax mulberry branch. This life-history together with recently acquired photographs of the silk-worm industry in Japan, and a selection of the enlarged models of the same insect, are to be installed in one of the new A-cases. The Assistant Curator assembled and determined all of the alcoholic repre- sentatives of the scorpion, centipede and tarantula contained in the Museum collection. This material was prepared for exhibition and there are now ready for installation fifty-five mounts of these insects. Some of the material collected during the year by this Division has been prepared for exhibition and considerable progress has been made in making the casts of leaves, larvae, etc., for the tomato worm case. Satisfactory progress with the reinstallation of the shell collection was made only during the first five months of the year, during which time one case was filled and completed, while all of the shells still to be in- stalled were remounted on new tablets, thus completing at least one important phase of this work. A portion of the systematic exhibition collection in osteology was reinstalled in cases released from the Division FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY REPORTS, PLATE XXX. Bird-Life in winter in Illinois Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 181 of Mammalogy. 207 skulls were prepared and 4 skeletons were mounted for the systematic collection. 9 skeletons were prepared for the un- mounted collection of comparative osteology and 4 for the Division of Mammalogy. 2 study specimens of skeletons of birds, a Saw-whet Owl and Purple Martin, and two skulls of young Rabbits, were also prepared. The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum of Natural History. — In this Department of the Museum there are now available 534 cases for circulation among the public schools, while several groups and a quantity of material are prepared and arranged ready for imme- diate installation in cases. In order to provide storage facilities for additional empty cases and for those already installed and for the purpose of improving former methods of delivering cases to and re- ceiving them from the car, it was necessary to rearrange and enlarge the plan that was originally adopted for these purposes. The room devoted to storage has been divided into four parts, each part being furnished with racks and hooks for hanging the cases. Upon one group of racks are hung cases containing botanical subjects; upon another group of racks are hung cases containing geological material, and so on. At the ends of the aisles of racks numbers are displayed, designating what numbered cases are to be found in the aisles when selecting them for delivery to the schools and where they are to be replaced when returned from the schools. This arrangement will permit the storage of approxi- mately 800 cases, and when the 250 cases, which have been ordered, have been received, the limit of the storage capacity of this room will have been reached. The ends of each case and the two general labels which accompany it are lettered and numbered alike. This idea was adopted as a simpler, quicker and a more dependable one for assigning, recording and identifying cases, than by means of case titles or subjects, which, of course, appear on the labels. By having greatly needed repairs and improvements made upon the delivery car during the last school vacation period, a stricter adherence of the daily schedule for the de- livery and collection of cases is found possible than the condition of the car last year permitted. This Department has received many letters from principals and teachers similar to the one from the Principal of the J. A. Sexton School, which is herewith submitted: “I wish to express the thanks and appreciation of the pupils and teachers of this school for the loan of the beautiful natural history cases which are sent from the Museum. In a congested district like this they are especially helpful, and they are a never failing source of pleasure and instruction for us all.” As an indication of the desire on the part of the Museum to increase the usefulness of its Extension System, the Curator frequently has i82 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. requested principals and teachers to express their views and opinions as to ways by which the desire would be accomplished. Cases are being loaned to 278 elementary schools and to their branches having a daily enrollment of a hundred or more students. It has been found advisable to increase the length of time allowed for cases to remain at one time in a school from two to three weeks. This extension in the duration of the loan period, not only gives the pupils an additional week for observation and study of the cases, but enables the Department to arrange and maintain a reliable schedule for the delivery and collection of cases. To accomplish this it was necessary to divide the schools in four sections and to form groups of schools in each section. At the beginning of the scholastic year the circulation of cases starts with the delivery of three cases from the Museum to each of the first group of schools located in what is designated as the first section. After each school in each group of the first section has been loaned three cases, deliveries are made in a similar way to schools of the third section. Three school weeks are required for the delivery of cases to the first school of the first group located in the first section to the last school in the last group of the third section. When these deliveries have been made, the cases are collected from these sections in the order in which they were delivered and distributed to groups of schools located in the second and fourth sections respectively. This system is maintained throughout the school period. By means of receipt cards the circulation record of each case is kept. Each card besides bearing the same letter and number as shown on the case and the labels which accompany it, has spaces for recording the name of the school to which the case has been assigned, the signature of the principal or teacher receiving it, the date it was received, the number of pupils studying it and the length of time it was retained. Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. Photography and Illustration. — The following is work performed in this Section during the year: 183 a tabulation of the Number of Number Negatives of Prints Number of Number of Lantern Enlarge- made made Slides made ments made Number of Negatives Developed for Expe- dition Number of Positives made Used in making large Negatives General ...... 9 67 Anthropology .... 118 476 Botany 39 1,193 22 32 Geology 46 587 7 177 7 Zoology 21 57 2 Harris Extension . 8 41 1 8 1 Distribution .... 76 Gift 45 3 Sale 325 25 Totals ..... 241 2,867 50 8 219 8 Total number of Catalogue entries during 1917 3,393 Total number of Catalogue entries to December 31, 1917 . 117,848 Total number of Record Books printing. — The number of labels and other impressions made by the Section of Printing is as follows during the year: Exhibition Other Labels. Impressions. Anthropology 6,430 2,575 Botany 723 16,780 Geology 1,251 700 Zoology 2,051 4,950 General 64,764 Library Harris Extension . 344 7,200 Herewith are also submitted financial statements, list of accessions, names of members, etc., etc. Frederick J. V. Skiff, Director. 184 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Financial Statement. RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS. January 1, 1917, to December 31, 1917. Receipts Cash in Treasurer’s hands December 31, 1916: General Fund $2 , 1 88 . 49 New Exhibition Cases Fund 791.60 Life Memberships Fund 1,514.60 Sundry Funds 1,179.20 Petty Cash on hand December 31, 1916. Dues of Life Members . Dues of Annual Members Admissions and Check Rooms Sale of Guides — Profit South Park Commissioners . Interest on Investments and Bank Balances . Field Endowment Income Field Endowment Sinking Fund Field Endowment Sinking Fund Income Life Memberships Fund Income New Exhibition Cases Fund Investments retired New Exhibition Cases Fund Income ...... New Building Moving and Furnishing Fund Income Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Fund Stanley Field Ornithology Fund R. F. Cummings Philippine Fund Arthur B. Jones Buffalo Group Fund H. W. Jackson Library Fund Income W. J. Chalmers Crystal Collection Fund Donations — Special Picture Postal Cards — Sales ........ $685.28 Picture Postal Cards — Sundry Receipts 97 . 48 Sundry Receipts $5,673-89 739-95 3,000.00 860.00 5,375-50 156.00 15,000.00 24,498.01 131,500.00 8,337-27 552.37 1,674.81 2.895.00 94-52 1,444.9° 7.995.00 700 . 00 97.92 1,776.02 75-i6 500 . 00 37065 782.76 177.27 $214,277.00 Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 185 Disbursements Salaries I75.B14.30 Guard Service . 11,557.49 J anitor Service 7 , 1 06 . 39 Fire Protection 3,114.56 Heat and Light 17,249.28 Repairs and Alterations: Wages — Carpenters, Painters and Roofers . . $8,558.01 Materials used — lumber, paint, oils, glass, etc. . 1 ,078 . 54 9,636 . 55 Furniture and Fixtures: Cases and Bases $4,863 . 35 Office Furniture and Herbarium Cases .... 764.50 5,627.85 The Library: Books and Periodicals $799 . 80 Binding 523 • H Sundries 261.32 1,584.96 Collections Purchased 856 . 93 Installation Expenses 2, 2 17. 22 Publications 2,237.82 Picture Postal Cards — Renewals 561.02 Sections of Photography and Printing — Supplies . . 756.09 General Expense Account: Freight, Expressage and Teaming $1,191. 03 Stationery, Postage and Telephone 970 . 58 Liability Insurance 659.12 Sundries 970.21 3,790.94 Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Fund 7,511 .72 Arthur B. Jones Buffalo Group Fund 2,158.80 Stanley Field Ornithology Fund . 600 . 00 W. J. Chalmers Crystal Fund 326.35 New Building Moving and Furnishing Fund — Invest- ments 1 ,400 . 00 Life Memberships Fund — Investments 7.300.00 Endowment Sinking Fund — Investments .... 24,810.64 General Fund — Suspense — Investments . . . . 23,885.00 Stanley Field Ornithology Fund — Investments . . 100.00 H. W. Jackson Library Fund — Investments ... 85.51 In Treasurer’s hands December 31, 1917: General Fund $2,417.05 Picture Post Card Fund 275.25 Endowment Sinking Fund 243.83 2,936.13 Guards’ Uniform Account 311.50 Petty Cash on hand, December 31, 1917 739 -95 $214,277.00 186 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. ATTENDANCE AND RECEIPTS FROM JANUARY 1, DECEMBER 31, 1917. Attendance Paid Attendance: Adults . 18,821 Children 1,134 Free Admission on Pay Days: School Children 7,927 Students 3,703 Teachers 618 Members 54 Officers’ Families 54 Special 198 Admissions on Free Days: Saturdays 35,697 Sundays 122,991 Total Attendance Highest Attendance on any one day (July 8, 1917) . Highest Paid Attendance on any one day (September 3, 1917) Average Daily Admissions (363 days) Average Paid Attendance (259 days) Receipts Guides Sold — 624 at 25 cents each Articles checked — 11,133 at 5 cents each Admissions 1917 TO 19,955 12,554 158,688 191,197 5,845 710 526 77 $156.00 556.65 4,818.65 $5,531-30 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY REPORTS, PLATE XXXI. Old Navaho Blanket of Bayeta with Geometric Designs in White, Red and Blue Gift of Homer E. Sargent Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 187 Accessions. DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY. (accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated.) ALLIS, CHARLES, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. 3 sword-guards — Japan. AYER, EDWARD E., Chicago. Eskimo steatite cooking vessel and lamp — Alaska. Metate with muller — San Juan Capistrano, California. BROSS, MRS. MASON, Chicago. 5 pieces of pottery — Southwest and Mexico. COOPER, A. T. and WRIGHT, JOHN W„ Fort Bayard, New Mexico. 325 prehistoric stone implements and pottery — Chihuahua, Mexico. DRUMMOND, DR. I. W., New York City. 1 ancient jade chisel — China. EMMONS, LIEUT. G. T., Princeton, New Jersey. 2 Shaman’s head-dresses of bear claws, Tsimshian — Upper Nass River, B. C. (exchange). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Purchases: Prehistoric flint arrowheads — Edgewater, Illinois. General collection from Eskimo, Alaska, about 390 specimens — Nome, Alaska. 6 ancient ceremonial ivory tablets — Peking, China. FRIESSER, JULIUS, Chicago. 2 flint projectile points — Holland, Michigan. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY, Ottawa, Canada. 1 birchbark canoe — Montagnais, St. Lawrence River, Canada (exchange). HARVEY, CHARLES A., Chicago. 1 burned clay pot, 2 skeletons — Marblehead, Illinois. HOLBROOK, MISS FLORENCE, Chicago. 1 pair embroidered mittens — Upemivik, Greenland. ITO, TOKUMATSU, Chicago. Album containing 92 old Japanese charms printed on paper, accompanied by a transliteration and translation of the legends — Tokyo, Japan. MASON, J. A., Chicago. 2 stone celts, 5 clay figures, 5 groups of potsherds — Tampico, City of Mexico, Campeche. PIER, GARRETT C., Greenwich, Connecticut. 19 ancient beads of jasper, agate and rock-crystal, 1 necklace of lacquered clay beads, 6 ancient gilded bronze rings — Japan. 188 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. RAUCHFUSS, CHARLES F., River Forest, Illinois. 2 grooved axes, 3 fine chipped spades, 1 chipped flint disc, 1 rude blade, chipped, 2 fragments pottery, and 235 chipped implements comprising knives and projectile points, scrapers, perforators and rejects, chiefly from Pope County, Illinois. SARGENT, HOMER E., Chicago. 35 specimens Indian basketry — British Columbia; 39 Navaho, Hopi, Chimayo, and Mexican blankets, 41 pieces of Navaho, Hopi, Pueblo, and Acoma costumes; I moose-skin gun-case, 1 caribou hunting shirt, 2 game bags, Tahltan, 2 pairs moccasins — Yukon Territory. WEAVER, D. W., Culver, Indiana. 1 arrowhead — Culver, Indiana. DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY. (accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated.) AMES BOTANICAL LABORATORY, North Easton, Massachusetts. 30 herbarium specimens — Philippine Islands (exchange) ; 54 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). BUREAU OF SCIENCE, Manila, P. I. 3 herbarium specimens — Prov. Ilocos, P. I. CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, San Francisco, California. 158 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). CLAYBERG, HAROLD D., Urbana, Illinois. 1 herbarium specimen — Michigan. CLOKEY, IRA W., Denver, Colorado. 71 herbarium specimens — Colorado (exchange). CROSBY, MISS GRACE, Montclair, New Jersey. 1 herbarium specimen — New Jersey. DEAM, CHARLES C., Bluff ton, Indiana. 10 herbarium specimens — 17 herbarium specimens — Indiana and Illinois. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, Washington, D. C. 6 specimens seeds — various localities. EVANS, PROF. A. W., New Haven, Connecticut. 20 herbarium specimens — Mexico. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATIONAL HISTORY. Collated by C. F. Millspaugh: 22 herbarium specimens — Yucatan; 12 herbarium specimens — various localities; 4 photographic portraits of plants — Bahamas; 102 illustrations of species; 4 herbarium specimens, 1 illustration — various localities. Collected by B. E. Dahlgren: Living plants of Nelumbium lutea and 1 herbarium specimen — Grass Lake, Illinois. Collected by O. E. Lansing, Jr.: 205 herbarium specimens — Jo Daviess County, Illinois. Collected by C. F. Millspaugh and O. E. Lansing, Jr. : 52 herbarium specimens — Illinois; 4 herbarium specimens — Indiana. Transfer from Department of Anthropology: 1 alga and shell necklace — Loyalty Islands. Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 189 Transfer from Department of Zoology: 20 specimens of lower algae and chara — Guatemala — Mexico. Purchases: 982 herbarium specimens — Illinois and Wisconsin. 28 herbarium specimens — Maryland. 385 herbarium specimens — Alaska. 919 herbarium specimens — China. 530 herbarium specimens — Illinois. 452 herbarium specimens — California and Oregon. Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratory: Enlarged flowers of oats, whole plant of ginseng. Reproductions in glass and wax of — pitcher plant (whole plant), the sand-dune cactus (whole plant), the mahogany tree (branch and fruits), the antidote coccoon (fruits), the pitcher plant (flowers), castor bean (flowers), the pine (flowers). Reproductions and models of: Castor bean, plant, oleander, branch, dogsbane, flower, cactus, flower, lotus, root system. FLORA, E. E., Chicago. Specimen of bog oak — England. FURNESS, D. R., Evanston, Illinois. 91 herbarium specimens — Mexico. GAUMER, GEORGE F., Izamal, Yucatan. 760 herbarium specimens — Yucatan. GRAY HERBARIUM, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 13 1 herbarium specimens — New Mexico and Texas (exchange). 292 herbarium specimens — Newfoundland (exchange). 694 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). GRONEMANN, C. F., Chicago. 51 herbarium specimens — Elgin, Illinois. 75 herbarium specimens — Illinois. HALL, ELIHU, THE FAMILY OF, Athens, Illinois. 468 specimens catalogued and installed of the private herbarium of Elihu Hall, accession still unfinished — various localities. HARTMAN, WILLIAM A., Chicago. 1 fungus — Chicago. HIGGINS, JOHN, Chicago. 6 specimens hybrid Solomon’s seal — Garden, Lincoln Park, Chicago. KING, MISS ANNA, Highland Park, Illinois. 1 81 herbarium specimens — South Dartmouth, Massachusetts. LANSING, O. E., Jr., Chicago. 93 herbarium specimens — Indiana and Illinois. McDONALD, F. E., Peoria, Illinois. 12 1 herbarium specimens — Illinois and Iowa. MILLSPAUGH, C. F., Chicago. 13 herbarium specimens — Wisconsin. MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, St. Louis, Missouri. 664 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). MITCHELL, A. J., Biloxi, Mississippi. 1 herbarium specimen — Biloxi, Mississippi. 1 herbarium specimen — Louisiana. 190 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. MURDOCH, MRS. ALICE L., Boston, Massachusetts. 3322 specimens — Private herbarium of John Murdoch, Jr. — various localities. MURRILL, PROF. W. W., New York City. 47 plates of fungi. NEWCOMBE, DR. C. F., Alberta, British Columbia. 1 photograph type plant — Queen Charlotte Islands. NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, New York City. 142 herbarium specimens — Jamaica (exchange). 1 photograph of type species — Cuba (exchange). 6 photographs of plants — Cuba (exchange). O’BRIEN, WILLIAM, Chicago. 1 fungus — Chicago. RIDGEWAY, DR. ROBERT, Olney, Illinois. 169 herbarium specimens — Illinois. SAFFORD, WILLIAM E., Washington, D. C. 17 photographs of type species — various localities. 2 photographs of type sheets — Field Museum herbarium. SARGENT, PROF. C. S., Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts. 1 herbarium specimen — Waukegan, Illinois. SHERFF, EARL E., Chicago. 1 herbarium specimen — Dutch Guiana. 1 herbarium specimen — Berkeley, California. TOLMAN, L. M. Chicago. 1 wild nutmeg — South America. U. S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Washington, D. C. 1477 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, Washington, D. C. 248 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, Urbana, Illinois. 1769 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). WILSON & COMPANY, Chicago. Fruits of the Mexican nutmeg — Mexico. DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY. (accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated) ALLARD, JOEL T., Center Lovell, Maine. 1 specimen weathered basalt — Lovell, Maine. AMHERST COLLEGE, Amherst, Massachusetts. Partial skeleton of Stenomylus and bones of Leontina — Nebraska and Patagonia (exchange). BROWN, W. T. WATKIN, Kogara, Sydney, New South Wales. 22 specimens minerals — Australia (exchange). CHALMERS, GEORGE, Morro Velho, Minas, Brazil. 34 specimens gold ores and associated rocks — Morro Velho, Minas, Brazil. 5 specimens gold and iron ores — Minas Geraes, Brazil. CHALMERS, WILLIAM J., Chicago. 1 specimen copper ore — Globe, Arizona. 55 specimens crystals — various localities. Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 191 CHILE EXPLORATION COMPANY, Chuquicamata, Chile. 108 specimens copper ores and minerals — Chuquicamata, Chile. DEAN, R. S., Chicago. 11 specimens pyrite crystals — Rolla, Missouri (exchange). 3 specimens chert nodules, 1 specimen chert nodules, 1 specimen’chert — Rolla, Missouri. DE BEERS CONSOLIDATED MINES, Ltd., Kimberley, South Africa. Series of rocks and minerals accompanying diamonds — Kimberley, South Africa. DOHMEN, U. A., Chicago. 2 specimens invertebrate fossils — Yorkville, Illinois. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by O. C. Farrington: 432 specimens Colby meteorite — Colby, Wisconsin. 24 specimens wind-carved boulders, 4 specimens moraine boulders, 1 specimen water-worn surface, 4 specimens feldspar, 2 specimens mica schist — Maine and New Hampshire. Collected by J. F. Ferry: 1 specimen arborescent calcite — Aruba, Dutch West Indies. Collected by H. W. Nichols: 2 specimens peat — Antioch, Illinois. 4 specimens limestone, 1 specimen cave earth — Natural Bridge, Virginia. Purchases: 43 specimens clay concretions — Nome, Alaska. 11 specimens hewettite and metahewettite — San Miguel Co., Colorado. 7 specimens Colby meteorite — Colby, Wisconsin. 7 specimens minerals — various localities. 1 meteorite — Kofa, Arizona. FRIESSER, J., Chicago. 2 mammal skulls, 1 specimen “coal brass.” GREENE, NEWTON A., New Albany, Indiana. 2 specimens crinoids — New Albany, Indiana. HARDY, THOMAS, Chicago. I marcasite concretion — Cutler, Illinois. KURTZ, S. A., Bucyrus, Ohio. 1 specimen Syringopora — Genoa, Ohio. LEOPOLD, NATHAN F. AND ALFRED F., Chicago. 450 specimens ores and minerals — Lake Superior, Arizona, Colorado and Montana mining districts. LUDLOW, MRS. J. B., Chicago. 29 specimens minerals, fossils and geological specimens — various localities. MORRISON, J. B., Cedar, Colorado. 4 specimens patronite, 4 specimens calciovolborthite — San Miguel County, Colorado. NEW AETNA PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY, Fenton, Michigan. 1 specimen marl — Squaw Lake, Michigan. 192 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. NEWAYGO PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY, Newaygo, Michigan. 2 specimens limestone, 1 specimen shale used for making Portland cement — Newaygo, Michigan. NEW EGYPTIAN PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY, Fenton, Michigan. 1 specimen marl — Fenton, Michigan. NOELLE, MR., Chicago. 1 quartz geode. NORCROSS BROS. COMPANY, Chicago. 1 slab polished marble — Tate, Georgia. PATEE, FRED, Casper, Wyoming. 1 specimen soapstone, 10 specimens crystallized hematite — New Mexico. PEERLESS PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY, Union City, Michigan. 1 specimen marl — Union City, Michigan. PENINSULAR PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY, Cement City, Michigan. 1 specimen marl — Cement City, Michigan. POMEROY, C. W., Chicago. 17 specimens minerals and ores — various localities. RAUCHFUSS, CHARLES F., River Forest, Illinois. Collection of invertebrate fossils and minerals numbering ,3,600 specimens — various localities. SELLERS, F. H., Chicago. 1 specimen fossil Lepidodendron — Southwest United States. THUM, WILLIAM, East Chicago, Indiana. 1 specimen crystallized bismuth (exchange). UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, Chicago. 1 specimen Permian amphibian, Diplocaulus — Texas (exchange). WOLVERINE PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY, Coldwater, Michigan. 1 specimen marl — Coldwater, Michigan. YALE UNIVERSITY, New Haven, Connecticut. Skull, jaws and partial skeleton of Teleoceras — Long Island, Kansas (exchange). DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY. (accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated.) BIRCH, HUGH T., Chicago. 2 dragonflies — United States of Colombia, S. A. 3 cockroaches — United States of Colombia, S. A. 55 butterflies — United States of Colombia, S. A. 180 beetles — United States of Colombia, S. A. 1 butterfly — East Indies. _ 1 butterfly — India. 1 moth — Florida. 8 moths — Northern Illinois. 7 butterflies — Northern Illinois. BLOMQUIST, H. L., Chicago. 1 beetle — Chicago. BOA, JOHN S., Chicago. 3 white Canadian partridges — * Canada. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY REPORTS, PLATE XXXII. j ~ waisnw' *iooHas-briftEii*sSiYi^^ » ia « niuvm » . Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. i93 CLARK, B. PRESTON, Boston, Massachusetts. 6 sphinx moths — South America, Africa, and Australia. DICKINSON COMPANY, THE ALBERT, Chicago. 5 web-spinning mites — Chicago. FERSON, E. B., Dunedin, Florida. I beetle — Dunedin, Florida. 1 grasshopper — Dunedin, Florida. FIELD, MARSHALL AND SPRAGUE, II, A. A., Chicago. 46 bird skins — various localities in South America. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by William J. Gerhard: 2 water snakes — Illinois. 2 garter snakes — New Lenox, Illinois. 104 millipeds, dragonflies, bugs, butterflies, moths, flies, beetles, bees, wasps, saw-flies, ichneumon-flies, etc. — Illinois and northern Indiana. 1 water snake — New Lenox, Illinois. Collected by Carl L. Hubbs: 180 bugs, flies, beetles, bees and parasites — Mineral Springs, Indiana. 1 snake and 1 salamander — Palos Park, Illinois. 108 (5 species) amphibians and fishes — near Mineral Springs, Indiana. 4 species of fishes — Hickory Creek, Illinois. 20 batrachians — near Millers, Indiana. Collected by Carl L. Hubbs and Leon L. Pray: 60 fish skins, 2 turtles, 125 preserved fishes and accessory material — Lake Pepin, Mississippi River. Collected by Carl L. Hubbs and H. Neumann: 75 lagoon fishes — Jackson Park, Chicago. Purchases: 1 Spanish mountain goat (skin and skull) — Sierra de Alhama. 4 Pelecanoides georgica — So. Cumberland Bay, South Georgia. 1 bird of paradise — Sulonik Bay, north coast of Dutch New Guinea. 4 ruffed grouse — Diana, Michigan. 172 land shells — on or near Palawan Island, P. I. 31 South American mammals — Cayenne, French Guiana. 349 bird skins - — various localities, specimens of Wisconsin fishes. 1 golden eagle — Illinois. 1 skull of walrus. 4 cougars — Cone, Arizona. 5 wolves — Senorito, New Mexico. FRIESSER, JULIUS, Chicago. 1 beetle — Chicago. 1 ichneumon-fly — Chicago. GRONEMANN, CARL F., Elgin, Illinois. 5 odd mammal skulls — Germany. GUERET, E. N., Chicago. 10 bird-lice from a purple martin — Jackson Park, Chicago. 1 beetle — Jackson Park, Chicago. 1 skeleton of saw- whet owl — Jackson Park, Chicago. 1 skeleton purple martin — Jackson Park, Chicago. 194 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. HANKINSON, T. L., Charleston, Illinois. 158 fishes — Florida and Cuba. HUBBS, CARL L., Chicago. 2 beetles — Japan. 1 15 (7 species) amphibians and reptiles — northern Indiana. 2 log perches — Lake Michigan. 2 lake herring — Winnetka, Illinois. JONES, ARTHUR B., Chicago. 6 buffalo — Corbin Park, Newport, New Hampshire. KWIAT, A. and BEER, E., Chicago. 11 moths — New York, Illinois and Indiana. LILJEBLAD, E„ Chicago. 4 water snakes — New Lenox, Illinois. 2 trap-door spiders and 1 nest — southern California. LUDLOW, MRS. T. A., Chicago. 1 1 small shells — Sea of Gallilee. MAKOVICKYI, MRS. ANNA SALA, South Oak Park, Illinois. 2084 butterflies, moths and beetles — North and South America, Europe and Asia. NARBO, DR. S., Chicago. 72 shells — Stavanger, Norway. 2 shells (with hermit crabs) — - San Diego, California. NEUMANN, HERBERT, Chicago. 1 darter — Lagoon, Jackson Park, Chicago. PAXSON, I., Bluffton, Indiana. 1 common coot — Indiana. PSOTA, FRANK, Chicago. 1 tarantula wasp — Kingfisher, Oklahoma. RAUCHFUSS, C. F., River Forest, Illinois. 28 shells — California and Florida. ROMANO, JOE, Chicago. 2 young rabbit skulls. RUTHLING, PAUL D. R., Los Angeles, California. 11 salamanders — San Gabriel Mts., So. California. 7 alligator lizards — vicinity of Los Angeles, California. STEVENS, MRS. E. A., San Martin, California. 1 sphinx moth — San Martin, California. STEVENS, MRS. K., San Diego, California. 1 tarantula — San Diego, California. STODDARD, H. L., Chicago. 1 box turtle — near Mineral Springs, Indiana. SWARTZ, MISS E. PAULINE, Chicago. no shells — various localities. TESSIATORE, JOHN, Chicago. 1 beetle — Chicago. TRIGGS, CHARLES W., AND COMPANY, Chicago. 1 lake trout — Lake Huron, off Alpena. Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director i95 TUNELL, G. G., Evanston, Illinois. 5 lizards — El Paso, Texas. 18 moths, butterflies, tarantulas, jointed spiders, whip-scorpions and centipedes — El Paso, Texas, and California. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 38 fishes — Hueyapam River, Mexico (exchange). WILLIAMSON, E. B., Bluffton, Indiana. 1 coot — Indiana. WOLCOTT, A. B., Chicago. 1 butterfly — Chicago. 1 garter snake — Worth, Illinois. SECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHY. (accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated.) FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Made by O. C. Farrington: 36 negatives, views of gorges, etc. — Maine. 6 negatives, views showing place of fall of Colby meteorite. Made by Charles B. Cory: 2 negatives, portraits of Buffalo. Made by Charles F. Millspaugh: 30 negatives, wild flower studies — Ephraim, Wisconsin. Made by H. W. Nichols: 132 negatives, landscapes, etc.— Natural Bridge, Virginia. Made by Section: 241 negatives of Museum specimens, 2,867 prints from same. PINKNEY, THOMAS, Chicago. 12 photographs, views, etc., New Zealand. THE LIBRARY. BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, AND SERIALS (accessions are by exchange unless otherwise designated.) AFRICA Botanic Society, Pietermaritzburg 1 Durban Museum 1 East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society, Nairobi 1 Geological Society, Johannesburg 1 Natal Government Museum, Pietermaritzburg 1 Rhodesia Scientific Association, Bulawayo 1 Royal Society, Cape Town 1 South African Association for Advancement of Science, Cape Town . . 2 South African Museum, Cape Town 2 Union of South Africa, Department of Agriculture, Pretoria 1 ARGENTINA Facultad de Filosoffa y Letras, Buenos Aires 2 Museo de Farmacologia, Buenos Aires 2 Museo Nacional, Buenos Aires 1 196 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. AUSTRALIA Australian Museum, Sydney 3 Australian Ornithologists’ Union, Melbourne 1 Botanic Gardens and Government Domains, Sydney 2 Department of Agriculture, Adelaide 1 Department of Agriculture, Sydney 1 Department of Mines, Sydney 4 Field Naturalists’ Club, Melbourne 1 Government of the Commonwealth, Melbourne 2 Linnean Society of New South Wales, Sydney 1 Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery, Adelaide 1 Public Library, Museums and National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne . 1 Queensland Department of Mines, Brisbane 3 Royal Society of New South Wales, Sydney 1 Royal Society of South Australia, Adelaide 1 Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne 2 Royal Society of Western Australia, Perth 1 Technical Museum, Sydney 1 University of Melbourne 1 Western Australia Geological Survey, Perth 1 BRAZIL Bibliotheca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro . 2 Instituto Agronomico de Estado, Sao Paulo 1 Institute Archeologico e Geographico Pernambucano, Recife (gift) . . . 1 Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 2 BRITISH GUIANA Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society, Demerara I CANADA British Columbia Bureau of Mines, Victoria 1 Department of Agriculture, Ottawa 10 Department of Agriculture, Victoria 2 Department of Indian Affairs, Ottawa . Department of Marine and Fisheries, Ottawa Department of Mines, Ottawa 7 Department of Mines, Victoria 1 Department of Naval Service, Ottawa (gift) 3 Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Ottawa 14 Entomological Society of Nova Scotia, Halifax 1 Entomological Society of Ontario, Toronto 1 Minister of Education, Toronto 1 Natural History Society, Montreal . . . 1 Naturaliste Canadien, Quebec 1 Numismatics and Antiquarian Society, Montreal 1 Ottawa Field Naturalists’ Club, Ottawa 1 Provincial Museum, Victoria . 2 Royal Canadian Institute, Toronto 2 Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa 1 University of Toronto 2 to 00 Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 197 CEYLON Colombo Museum ...... Royal Botanic Garden, Peradeniya . CHILE Biblioteca Nacional, Santiago de Chile 2 Chilean Government, Santiago de Chile (gift) 1 CHINA Botanical and Forestry Department, Hong-Kong 1 Royal Asiatic Society, North China Branch, Shanghai 3 DENMARK Naturhistorisk Forening, Copenhagen 1 Society Botanique de Copenhagen 2 University, Zoological Museum, Copenhagen 2 FIJI ISLANDS Fijian Society, Suva, Fiji Islands (gift) 1 FRANCE Acad6mie des Sciences, Paris 2 Ecole d’Anthropologie, Paris 1 Minist&re de 1* Instruction Publique, Paris (gift) 19 Mus6e d’Histoire Naturelle, Marseille 2 Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris 1 La Nature, Paris 2 Soci6t6 de G6ographie, Paris 1 Soci6t6 de G<§ographie, Toulouse 1 Soci6t6 Nationale d’ Agriculture, Paris 1 Soci6t6 Nationale d’ Agriculture, Sciences and Arts, Angers 1 Sociyty Zoologique, Paris 1 University de Montpellier, Cette 1 GREAT BRITAIN Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, London 1 Ashmolean Natural History Society of Oxfordshire, Oxford 1 Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society 3 Belfast Naturalists’ Field Club 1 Brighton and Hove Natural History and Philosophical Society, Brighton . 1 Bristol Museum and Art Gallery 1 British Association for the Advancement of Science, London 1 British Museum (Natural History), London 6 Cambridge Antiquarian Society 2 Cambridge Philosophical Society 1 Cambridge University Library 1 Cardiff Naturalists’ Society 1 Croydon Natural History and Scientific Society 1 Department of Agriculture and Technical Institute, Fisheries Branch, Dublin 1 Dove Marine Laboratory, Cullercoats, Northumberland 1 Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society, Dumfries 1 Fisheries Board, Edinburgh 2 Geological Society, Liverpool 1 Great Britain Geological Survey, London 1 ^ to 198 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Imperial Bureau of Entomology, London 2 Imperial College of Science and Technology, London 1 Linnean Society, London 3 Liverpool Biological Society 1 Liverpool Marine Biological Society 1 Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 1 Manchester Museum 1 Marine Biological Station, Fort Erin 1 National Museum, Cardiff 1 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2 Royal Dublin Society . . . . 1 Royal Geographical Society, London 2 Royal Irish Academy, Dublin 2 Royal Society, London -1 Royal Society of Arts, London 1 South London Entomological and Natural History Society, London . . 1 Tring Zoological Museum 1 Trinity College, Dublin 1 Zoological Society, London 1 INDIA Anthropological Society, Bombay 1 Archaeological Survey, Burma 1 Archaeological Survey, Calcutta 4 Archaeological Survey, Lahore . . . 1 Archaeological Survey, Peshawar 4 Department of Agriculture, Bombay 1 Department of Agriculture, Calcutta 4 Department of Agriculture, Madras 1 Department of Agriculture, Pusa 3 Geological Survey, Calcutta 3 Government Museum, Madras 6 Government of Allahabad 1 National Indian Association, Calcutta (gift) 1 Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta 1 Royal Asiatic Society, Straits Branch, Singapore 2 Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta 2 Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta 2 ITALY Accademia Giornia di Scienze Naturali, Catania ........ 1 American Society, Rome 1 Instituto Geografico de Agostini, Novara 2 Institute Zoologico, Naples 1 Musei di Zoologica ed Anatomia Comparata, Torino ....... 1 R. Accademia delle Scienze, Turin 2 Societa Geografica Italiana, Rome 2 Societa Geologica Italiana, Rome 2 Societa Italiana di Antropologia, Florence 1 Societh Italiana di Scienze Naturali, Milan 1 Societh Romana di Antropologia, Rome 1 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY REPORTS, PLATE XXXIII. Flowers of the Oat ( Avena sativa ) A. natural sized panicle and an enlarged spikelet showing the floral characters; together with a still greater enlargement of the essential organs and developing grain. Done in glass and wax to illustrate the flowering characteristics of the grasses. Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 199 JAPAN Bureau of Productive Industry Formosa Government, Taihoku 1 Geological Survey, Tokyo 1 Imperial University of Tokyo, College of Agriculture 1 Imperial University of Tokyo, College of Science 3 Tohuko Imperial University, Sendai 1 Tokyo Botanical Society 1 JAVA Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten Wetenschappen, Batavia ... 2 Department of Agriculture, Buitenzorg 3 Jardin Botanique, Buitenzorg 2 KOREA Government-General Chosen, Seoul 1 MEXICO Direccion General de Estadistica, Mexico 3 Institute Geologico, Mexico 2 Sociedad Cientifica “Antonio Alzate,” Mexico 1 Sociedad Mexicana de Geograna y Estadistica, Mexico 1 NETHERLANDS K. Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Amsterdam 1 Nederlandsche Dierkundige Vereeniging, Helder 2 Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke Histone, Leiden 1 Soci6te Botanique N£erlandaise, Nimeguen 2 NEW ZEALAND Auckland Institute and Museum, Wellington 1 Department of Agriculture, Wellington 2 Department of Mines, Wellington 2 Dominion Museum, Wellington 2 Geological Survey, Wellington 2 Wellington Acclimatization Society 2 PERU Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Minas, Lima 1 Instituto Historico del Peru, Lima 1 Sociedad Geografica, Lima 2 PORTUGAL Academia das Sciencias, Lisbon 2 RUSSIA Society Imp£riale des Naturalistes, Moscow 1 SPAIN Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid (gift) 2 Junta de Ciencias Naturales, Barcelona 2 Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid 8 R. Academia de Ciencias, Madrid 2 Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, Madrid 2 SWEDEN K. Vitt. Hist, och Antik. Akademien, Stockholm 1 Svenska Sallskapet f6r Antropologi och Geografi, Stockholm 1 SWITZERLAND Botanic Garden, Zurich 1 Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques, Geneva 2 200 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Mus6e d’Histoire Naturelle, Lausanne i Mus6e Ethnographique, Neuchatel i Naturforschende Gesellechaft, Bern i Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Zurich 2 Soci6t6 H41v6tique des Sciences Naturelles, Bern 1 Soci6t6 Neuchateloise de G6ographie 2 WEST INDIES Agricultural Experiment Station, Porto Rico 1 Biblioteca Nacional, Havana 1 Department of Agriculture, Kingston 1 Estacion Central Agronomic© , Santiago de las Vegas 1 Imperial Department of Agriculture, Barbadoes 1 Jamaica Institute, Kingston 1 Trinidad and Tobago Department of Agriculture, Port of Spain , 2 Universidad de la Habana, Havana 2 Bolton, Herbert, Manchester, England 2 Bonaparte, Le Prince, Paris, France 5 Cabrera, A., Madrid, Spain (gift) 9 Candolle, C. De, Geneva, Switzerland 1 Carpenter, G. H., Dublin, Ireland 1 Chodat, R., Geneva, Switzerland 1 Codazzi, Ricardo, Bogota, Colombia 1 Gamio, Manuel, Mexico (gift) 1 Gleerup, C. W. K., Lund, Sweden 1 Guppy, H. B., Salcombe, South Devon, England 1 Hartland, S., Bristol, England 1 Heim, Albert, Zurich, Switzerland 5 Janet, Charles, Paris, France 3 Menegaux, A., Paris, France (gift) 4 Moss, E. G. B., Auckland, New Zealand (gift) 1 ALABAMA Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn 2 Geological Survey, University . 3 CALIFORNIA Agricultural Experiment Station, Berkeley 1 California Academy of Science, San Francisco 2 California State Board of Forestry, Sacramento 1 Cooper Ornithological Club, Hollywood 2 Fish and Game Commission, San Francisco 2 Leland Stanford Junior University, Stanford University 3 Lorquin Natural History Club, Los Angeles 1 Oakland Free Library . 1 Pioneer Western Lumberman, Sacramento 1 Pomona College, Claremont 2 San Diego Society of Natural History 1 Scripps Institution of Biological Research, La Jolla 1 State Forester, Sacramento (gift) 1 State Mining Bureau, Sacramento 8 University of California, Berkeley 12 Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 201 COLORADO Agricultural Experiment Station, Port Collins 1 Colorado College, Colorado Springs 2 Colorado Scientific Society, Denver 1 University of Colorado, Boulder 1 CONNECTICUT Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven 1 American Oriental Society, New Haven 1 Commissioners of Fisheries and Game, Hartford (gift) 1 Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Haven 2 Hartford Public Library 2 State Geological and Natural History Survey, Hartford 1 Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station (gift) 3 Wesleyan University, Middletown 2 Yale University, New Haven 8 FLORIDA Agricultural Experiment Station, Tallahassee 2 GEORGIA Geological Survey, Atlanta 1 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS Agricultural Experiment Station, Honolulu 2 Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu 1 Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry, Honolulu .... 2 College of Hawaii, Honolulu 1 Hawaiian Historical Society, Honolulu 4 IDAHO Mining Industry, Boise 1 University of Idaho, Moscow 1 ILLINOIS Agricultural Experiment Station, Urbana 6 Art Institute of Chicago 1 Bureau of Statistics and Municipal Library, Chicago (gift) 1 Cement World Publishing Company, Chicago (gift) 1 Chicago Historical Society 1 Chicago Public Library 2 Dial Publishing Company, Chicago 2 Game and Fish Commission, Springfield (gift) 2 Hardwood Record, Chicago (gift) 1 Illinois Audubon Society, Chicago (gift) 1 Inland Printer Publishing Company, Chicago 2 John Crerar Library 3 Kenfield-Leach Company, Chicago 2 Lake Forest College 1 Lewis Institute, Chicago 1 Newberry Library, Chicago 2 Northwestern University, Evanston 1 Open Court Publishing Company, Chicago 1 Peoria Public Library 1 State Academy of Science, Springfield 1 202 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. State Board of Agriculture, Springfield 2 State Geological Survey, Urbana 3 State Historical Library, Springfield 2 State Laboratory of Natural History, Urbana 1 State Museum, Springfield 2 Sweet, Wallach and Company, Chicago (gift) 1 University of Chicago 34 University of Illinois, Urbana 15 INDIANA Commissioner of Fisheries and Game, Indianapolis (gift) 1 Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis 1 Purdue University, Lafayette 2 State Board of Forestry, Indianapolis (gift) 1 University of Notre Dame 1 IOWA Academy of Science, Des Moines 1 Coe College, Cedar Rapids 1 Geological Survey, Des Moines 2 Iowa State Horticultural Society, Des Moines 1 State Fish and Game Commission, Des Moines 1 University of Iowa, Iowa City 2 KANSAS Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan 5 State Board of Agriculture, Topeka 2 State Historical Society, Topeka 1 University of Kansas, Geological Survey, Lawrence 2 KENTUCKY Agricultural Experiment Station, Lexington 2 LOUISIANA Agricultural Experiment Station, Baton Rouge 3 MAINE Agricultural Experiment Station, Orono 3 Bowdoin College, Brunswick 1 Portland Public Library .1 Portland Society of Natural History 1 MARYLAND Academy of Sciences, Baltimore 1 Agricultural Experiment Station, College Park 1 Enoch Pratt Free Library, Baltimore 2 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 2 State Board of Forestry, Baltimore 2 State Horticultural Society, College Park 2 MASSACHUSETTS Agricultural Experiment Station, Amherst 4 American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Boston 1 American Antiquarian Society, Boston 1 Amherst College 1 Archaeological Institute of America, Boston 1 Arnold Arboretum, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts 1 Boston Museum of Fine Arts 2 Jan., 1918. Annual Report op the Director. 203 Boston Public Library 1 Boston Society of Natural History 2 Essex Institute, Salem 1 Harvard College, Cambridge 2 Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology. Cambridge 3 Harvard University, Gray Herbarium, Cambridge 2 Horticultural Society, Boston 2 Institute of Technology, Boston 1 New Bedford Free Public Library 2 Peabody Institute 1 Peabody Museum, Cambridge 1 Peabody Museum, Salem 1 Phillips Academy, Andover 1 Salem Public Library 2 Springfield City Library Association 2 Springfield Natural History Museum 1 State Board of Agriculture, Boston (gift) 2 State Forester, Boston (gift) 3 State Ornithologist, Boston 3 Tufts College, Boston 1 Williams College, Williamstown 3 Worcester Free Public Library 1 MICHIGAN Academy of Sciences, Ann Arbor 2 Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College 7 Department of Parks and Boulevards, Detroit 1 Detroit Museum of Art 2 Game, Fish and Forest Commission, Lansing (gift) 1 Geological and Biological Survey, Lansing 2 Grand Rapids Public Library 2 Michigan College of Mines, Houghton 1 National Educational Association of the United States, Ann Arbor 1 Parke Davis and Company, Detroit (gift) 1 State Board of Agriculture, Lansing 1 State Board of Library Commissions, Lansing 1 State Library, Lansing 1 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 3 MINNESOTA Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Paul 5 Minneapolis Society of Fine Arts 1 Minnesota Geological and Natural History Survey, Minneapolis 1 Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul 2 St. Paul Institute (gift) 3 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 4 MISSISSIPPI Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College 4 Mississippi Geological Survey, Jackson 1 MISSOURI Agricultural Experiment Station, Columbia 6 Bureau of Geology and Mines, Jefferson City 1 204 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. City Art Museum, St. Louis Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis St. Louis Academy of Sciences St. Louis Mercantile Library Association 1 St. Louis Public Library St. Louis University State Game and Fish Commission, Jefferson City 1 State Geologist, Rolla 2 State Historical Society, Columbia 1 University of Missouri, Columbia 1 Washington University, St. Louis 3 MONTANA Agricultural Experiment Station, Bozeman 12 NEBRASKA Academy of Sciences, Lincoln 1 Agricultural Experiment Station, Lincoln 2 Public Library, Omaha 1 University of Nebraska, Lincoln 7 NEW HAMPSHIRE College of Agriculture, Durham 4 Forestry Commission, Concord (gift) 2 NEW JERSEY Agricultural Experiment Station, Trenton 8 Department of Conservation and Development, Trenton ...... 2 Newark Museum Association 4 Princeton University 3 NEW MEXICO Agricultural Experiment Station, Mesilla Park 1 Historical Society, Santa Fe .............. 3 Museum of New Mexico, Santa F£ 1 NEW YORK Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva 4 American Geographical Society, New York City 2 American Institute of Mining Engineers, New York City 2 American Museum of Natural History, New York City 25 Art World, New York City (gift) 2 Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences 5 Forest and Stream Publishing Company, New York City 2 Columbia University, New York City 2 Cornell University, Ithaca 2 Lake Mohonk Conference of International Arbitration, Lake Mohonk . . 1 Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City 5 New York Academy of Sciences, New York City ........ 1 New York Botanical Garden, New York City 1 Pratt Institute Free Library, Brooklyn 2 Public Library, New York City 15 Rochester Academy of Sciences .1 State Library, Albany 1 State Museum, Albany 8 Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences, New York City ... 2 Jan., 1918. Annual Report oe the Director. 205 Syracuse University 1 Zodlogical Society, New York City 4 NORTH CAROLINA Agricultural Experiment Station, Raleigh 1 Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, Chapel Hill 1 NORTH DAKOTA State Geological Survey, Grand Forks 2 University of North Dakota, University 2 OHIO Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster 3 Cincinnati Museum Association 2 Cincinnati Society of Natural History 1 Cleveland Museum of Art 2 Cleveland Public Library 2 Denison University, Granville 1 Geological Survey, Columbus 1 Lloyd Library, Cincinnati 2 Marietta College 2 Oberlin College 1 Ohio State Academy of Science, Columbus 2 Pharmaceutical Review Publishing Company 1 State Archaeological and Historical Society, Columbus 1 State University, Columbus 14 University of Cincinnati 10 Wilson Ornithological Club, Oberlin 1 OKLAHOMA Game and Fish Department, Oklahoma City (gift) ....... 1 OREGON Agricultural Experiment Station, Corvallis (gift) 2 Game and Fish Commission, Corvallis 3 Timberman, Portland (gift) 1 University of Oregon, Eugene 1 PENNSYLVANIA Agricultural Experiment Station, Harrisburg 2 American Entomological Society, Philadelphia 4 American Journal of Pharmacy, Philadelphia 1 American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia 2 Association of Engineering Societies, Philadelphia 1 Bryn Mawr College 1 Carlisle Indian School 1 Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh 2 Carnegie Library, Pittsburgh 2 Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh 2 Delaware County Institute of Science, Media 1 Department of Forestry, Harrisburg (gift) 1 Engineers’ Society of Western Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh 1 Franklin Institute, Philadelphia 2 Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art, Philadelphia ... 2 Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences 1 Philadelphia College of Physicians * 2o6 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Philadelphia Commercial Museum I State Department of Agriculture, Harrisburg i University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 5 Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia 1 Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia 7 Wyoming Historical and Geological Society, Wilkes-Barre 1 PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Bureau of Science, Manila 6 Department of Agriculture, Manila 1 Department of Interior, Bureau of Forestry, Manila 1 Department of Interior, Bureau of Science, Manila 8 Department of Public Instruction, Manila 2 Philippine Library, Manila 1 RHODE ISLAND Roger Williams Park Museum, Providence 1 SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston Museum 1 Thomwell Museum, Charleston 1 Winthrop Normal and Industrial College, Rock Hill 1 SOUTH DAKOTA Agricultural Experiment Station, Brookings 1 School of Mines, Rapid City (gift) 1 TENNESSEE Agricultural Experiment Station, Nashville 3 State Geological Survey, Nashville 4 TEXAS International Society of Archaeologists, Hico . 1 Scientific Society, San Antonio 2 UTAH Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan 1 State Horticultural Commission, Salt Lake 1 VERMONT State Geologist, Burlington 1 University of Vermont, Burlington 4 VIRGINIA State Library, Richmond 1 WASHINGTON State Geological Survey, Olympia . 1 State Library, Seattle 1 WASHINGTON, D. C. American Mining Congress 1 Biological Society 1 International Congress of Americanists (gift) 1 National Academy of Sciences 1 National Geographic Society 2 United States Government 628 WEST VIRGINIA Agricultural Experiment Station, Morgantown 2 Forest, Game and Fish Warden, Belington (gift) 3 Universty of West Virginia, Morgantown 1 Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 207 WISCONSIN Agricultural Experiment Station, Madison 2 Archaeological Society, Milwaukee 1 Beloit College 2 Milwaukee Public Museum 1 State Conservation Commission, Madison 2 State Horticultural Society, Madison 2 University of Wisconsin 8 WYOMING Agricultural Experiment Station, Laramie 1 Adams, Charles C., Syracuse, New York 1 Arthur, J. C., LaFayette, Indiana 13 Alliot, Hector, Los Angeles 1 Atkinson, George E., Ithaca, New York , 6 Ayer, Edward E., Chicago (gift) 70 Baker, Frank Collins, Rochester, New York 1 Barnes, William, Decatur, Illinois (gift) 3 Bascom, Florence, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania 1 Benedict, Laura Watson, New York City 1 Bent, A. C., Washington, D. C 9 Beyer, H. Otley, Manila, Philippine Islands 1 Bingham, Hiram, New Haven, Connecticut 2 Boas, Franz, New York City (gift) 1 Brandegee, T. S., Berkeley, California 1 Clark, B. Preston, Cambridge, Massachusetts (gift) 1 Clark, Harold T., Cleveland, Ohio 2 Cockerell, T. D. A., Boulder, Colorado 18 Cole, Fay Cooper, Chicago 1 Eigenmann, Carl H., Bloomington, Indiana 1 Farrington, O. C., Chicago 1 Farwell, Oliver A., Detroit, Michigan 3 Ford, W. E., New Haven, Connecticut 8 Gage, Simon H., Ithaca, New York 3 Garman, Samuel, Cambridge, Massachusetts (gift) 1 Gay, Frederick P., Berkeley, California (gift) 1 Gerhard, W. J., Chicago 5 Goldman, E. A., Washington, D. C 1 Hall, Julian H., Athens, Illinois (gift) 60 Harris, Gilbert D., Ithaca, New York 1 Heller, A. A., Chico, California 1 Hodge, Frederick Webb, Washington, D. C. 1 Holland, W. J., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1 Hubbs, Carl L., Chicago 3 Jillson, Willard R., Prestonberg, Kentucky (gift) 2 Kroeber, A. L., San Francisco, California 1 Laufer, Berthold, Chicago 9 Liljeblad, Emil, Chicago (gift) 1 Maccurdy, George Grant, New Haven, Connecticut 65 Mason, J. Alden, Chicago 8 208 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Means, Philip Ainsworth, Boston, Massachusetts (gift) i Meek, Mrs. Seth E., Chicago (gift) 49 Millspaugh, C. F., Chicago 55 Moorehead, Warren H., Andover, Massachusetts 1 Norton, Arthur H., Portland, Maine 5 Osborn, Henry Fairfield, New York City 21 Osgood, W. H., Chicago 1 Potts, Rufus M., Springfield, Massachusetts (gift) 2 Randall and Company, T. A., Indianapolis, Indiana (gift) 2 Smith, Harlan I., Canada 1 Springer, Frank, Washington, D. C. (gift) 1 Strong, R. M., Nashville, Tennessee (gift) .... 3 Taubenhaus, J. J., College Station, Texas (gift) 3 Washington, Henry S., Locust, New Jersey .1 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY REPORTS, PLATE XXXIV Restoration of broken Pottery in the Repair Section of Department of Anthropology Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 209 Articles of Incorporation. STATE OF ILLINOIS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE. William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State. To All to Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting: Whereas , a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, A. d. 1893, for the organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OP CHICAGO, under and in ac- cordance with the provisions of “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy of which certificate is hereto attached. Now, therefore, I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized Corporation under the laws of this State. In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the Great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the Inde- pendence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth. W. H. HINRICHSEN, [Seal.] Secretary of State. TO HON. WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN, Secretary of State: Sir: We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a corporation under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled “An Act Con- cerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby state as follows, to- wit : 1. The name of such corporation is the “COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO.” 2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dissemination of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illustrating Art, Archae- ology, Science and History. 3. The management of the aforesaid museum shall be vested in a Board of Fifteen (15) Trustees, five of whom are to be elected every year. 4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the first year of its corporate existence: Ed. E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davi$, Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock, Emil G. Hirsch, 210 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, 0. F. Aldis, Edwin Walker, John C. Black and Frank W. Gunsaulus. 5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook, and State of Illinois. {Signed), George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert McMurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchinson, Ebenezer Bucking- ham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H. Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Franklin H. Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers, Thomas B. Bryan, L. Z. Leiter, A. C. Bartlett, A. A. Sprague, A. C. McClurg, James W. Scott, Geo. F. Bissell, John R. Walsh, Chas. Fitzsimmons, John A. Roche, E. B. McCagg, Owen F. Aldis, Ferdinand W. Peck, James H. Dole, Joseph Stockton, Edward B. Butler, John McConnell, R. A. Waller, H. C. C-hatfield-Taylor, A. Crawford, Wm. Sooy Smith, P. S. Peterson, John C. Black, Jno. J. Mitchell, C. F. Gunther, George R. Davis, Stephen A. Forbes, Robert W. Patterson, Jr., M. C. Bullock, Edwin Walker, George M. Pullman, William E. Curtis, James W. Ellsworth, William E. Hale, Wm. T. Baker, Martin A. Ryerson, Huntington W. Jackson, N. B. Ream, Norman Williams, Melville E. Stone, Bryan Lathrop, Eliphalet W. Blatchford, Philip D. Armour. State of Illinois ] I ss. Cook County j I, G. R. Mitchell, a Notary Public in and for said County, do hereby certify that the foregoing petitioners personally appeared before me and acknowledged severally that they signed the foregoing petition as their free and voluntary act for the uses and purposes therein set forth. Given under my hand and notarial seal this 14th day of September, 1893. G. R. MITCHELL, [Seal.] Notary Public, Cook County, III. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held the 25th day of June, 1894, the name of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM. A certificate to this effect was filed June 26, 1894, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held the 8th day of November, 1905, the name of the FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. A certificate to this effect was filed November 10, 1905, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. Jan., 1918. Annual Report op the Director 21 1 AMENDED BY-LAWS. (June 12, 1916.) ARTICLE I. MEMBERS. Section i. Members shall be of five classes, Annual Members, Corporate Members, Life Members, Patrons and Honorary Members. Sec. 2. Annual Members shall consist of such persons as are selected from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall pay an annual fee of ten dollars ($10.00), payable within thirty days after notice of election, and within thirty days after each recurring annual date. The failure of any person to make such initiatory payment and such annual payments within said time shall, at the option of the Board of Trustees, be sufficient grounds for the forfeiture of an annual membership. This said annual membership shall entitle the member to: First. — Free admittance for the member and family, to the Museum on any day. Second.— Ten tickets every year, admitting the bearer to the Museum on pay days. Third. — A copy of all publications of the Museum when requested. Fourth. — Invitations to all special exhibits, receptions, lectures, or other functions which may be given at the Museum. Sec. 3. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recommendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such persons named in the articles of incorporation shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of twenty dollars ($20.00) or more. The failure of any person to make such payment within said time, shall, at the option of the Board of Trustees, be ground for forfeiture of his corporate membership. Cor- porate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or Honorary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annual meetings of said Corporate Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual meeting of the Board of Trustees is held. Sec. 4. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of five hundred dollars ($500.00), at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues. Sec. 5. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent service to 2i2 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members. Sec. 6. Honorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous nomination of the Executive Committee. They shall be exempt from all dues. ARTICLE II. BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Section i. The Board of Trustees shall consist of fifteen members. The respective members of the Board now in office, and those who shall hereafter be elected, shall hold office during life. Vacancies occurring in the Board shall be filled at a regular meeting of the Board, upon the nomination of the Executive Committee made at a preceding regular meeting, by a majority vote of the members of the Board present. Sec. 2. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held on the second Monday of each month. Special meetings may be called at any time by the President, and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request of three Trustees. Five Trustees shall constitute a quorum, except for the election of officers or the adoption of the Annual Budget, when seven Trustees shall be required, but meetings may be ad- journed by any less number from day to day, or to a day fixed, previous to the next regular meeting. Sec. 3. Reasonable written notice, designating the time and place of holding meetings, shall be given by the Secretary. ARTICLE III. HONORARY TRUSTEES Section i. As a mark of respect, and in appreciation of services performed for the Institution, those Trustees who by reason of inability, on account of change of residence, or for other cause or from indisposition to serve longer in such capacity shall resign their place upon the Board, may be elected, by a majority of those present at any regular meeting of the Board, an Honorary Trustee for life. Such Honorary Trustee will receive notice of all meetings of the Board of Trustees, whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not have the right to vote. ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS. Section i. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a Second Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secretary and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President, the First Vice-President, and the Second Vice-President shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the second Monday of January of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting. Sec. 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their successors are elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular meeting of the Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 213 Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting. Sec. 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE V. THE TREASURER. Section i. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corporation, except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents. But no warrants shall be issued, except in conformity with, a regularly prepared voucher, giving the name of the payee and stating the occasion for the expenditure, and verified and approved as hereinafter prescribed. It shall be no part of the duties of the Treasurer to see that the warrants have been issued in conformity with such vouchers. Sec. 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the corporation shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect the income and prin- cipal of said securities as the same become due, and pay same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the joint order of the following officers, namely: The President or one of the Vice-Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance Committee of the Museum. Sec. 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such sureties, as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees. Sec. 4. All vouchers executed for the payment of liabilities incurred in the administration of the Museum, shall be verified by the Auditor, and approved for payment by the Director, and the Chairman of the Administration Committee. All vouchers executed for expenditures for the construction or reconstruction of the Museum building, or buildings, shall be verified by the Auditor and approved for payment by the Chairman of the Building Committee. All vouchers executed in connection with the investments of the Corporation, or, in any way having to do with the endowment funds of the Corporation, shall be verified by the Auditor and approved for payment by the Chairman of the Finance Committee. Sec. 5. The Harris Trust and Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Custodian of “The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum” fund. The Bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and counter- signed by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents. But no war- rant shall be issued, except in conformity with a regularly prepared voucher, giving the name of the payee and stating the occasion for the expenditure, and verified and approved by the Auditor, the Director and Chairman of the Administration Com- mittee. It shall be no part of the duties of the said Custodian to see that the war- rants have been issued in conformity with such vouchers. 214 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. ARTICLE VI. THE DIRECTOR. Section i. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum, who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have immediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations of the institution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Committees. The Director shall be the official medium of communication between the Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force. Sec. 2. There shall be four scientific departments of the Museum — Anthro- pology, Botany, Geology and Zoology, each under the charge of a Curator, subject to the authority of the Director. The Curators shall be appointed by the Board upon the recommendation of the Director, and shall serve during the pleasure of the Board. Subordinate staff officers in the scientific departments shall be appointed and removed by the Director upon the recommendation of the Curators of the respective Departments. The Director shall have authority to employ and remove all other employees of the Museum. Sec. 3. The Director shall make report to the Board at each regular meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the previous month. At the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual Report, reviewing the work of the Museum for the previous year, which Annual Report shall be published in pamphlet form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free distribution in such number as the board may direct. ARTICLE VII. AUDITOR. Section i. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his office during the pleasure of the Board. He shall keep proper books of account, setting forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, and of the Museum, and report thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other times as may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all vouchers for the expenditure of the money of the corporation. ARTICLE VIII. COMMITTEES. Section i. There shall be six Committees as follows: Finance, Building, Auditing, Pension, Administration and Executive. Sec. 2. The Finance, Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of three members, and the Building and Administration Committees shall each consist of five members. All members of these five Committees shall be elected by ballot by the Board at the Annual Meeting, and shall hold office for one year, and until their successors are elected and qualified. In electing the members of these Com- mittees, the Board shall designate the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the members are named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be Chairman, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named, Second Vice-Chairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event of the absence or disability of the Chairman. Sec. 3. The Executive Committee shall consist of the President of the Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Building Committee ( Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 21S the Chairman of the Administration Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Com- mittee, the Chairman of the Pension Committee, and two other members of the Board to be elected by ballot at the Annual Meeting. Sec. 4. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Committee; three members shall constitute a quorum of the Administration Committee, and in all other standing Committees, two members shall constitute a quorum. In the event that, owing to the absence or inability of members, a quorum of the regularly elected members cannot be present at any meeting of any Committee, then the Chairman thereof, or his successor, as herein provided, may summon any member of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the absentee. Sec. 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing the endow- ment and other permanent funds of the Corporation, and the care of such real estate as may become its property. It shall have authority to invest, sell, and re- invest funds, subject to the approval of the Board. Sec. 6. The Building Committee shall have supervision of the construc- tion, reconstruction, and extension of any and all buildings used for Museum purposes. Sec. 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from time to time as the Chairman may consider necessary, or as he may be requested to do by three members of the Committee, to act upon such matters affecting the administration of the Museum as cannot await consideration at the Regular Monthly Meetings of the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginning of each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make recommendations as to the expenditures which should be made for routine maintenance and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the Board, the respective Committees shall be considered as authorized to make the expenditures detailed therein. No increase in the expendi- tures under any items of the Budget shall be made, except by authority of the Board of Trustees, but the Executive Committee shall have authority, in cases of emer- gency, to expend a further total sum not exceeding two thousand dollars in any one month. Sec. 8. The Administration Committee shall have general supervision of the affairs of the Museum. The Committee shall hold one meeting each month with the Director at the Museum within a week preceding each Monthly Meeting of the Board of Trustees. Sec. 9. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all ac- counting and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall cause the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert indi- vidual or firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm to the Board at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall have taken place. Sec. 10. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees. Sec. 11. The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and proceed- ings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board. Sec. 12. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees and Chairman of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Committee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board. 2 16 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. ARTICLE IX. NOMINATING COMMITTEE. Section i. At the November meeting of the Board, each year a Nominating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make nominations for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Committee, the Administra- tion Committee, the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and for two members of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted at the ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual Meeting in January. ARTICLE X. Section i. Whenever the word “Museum” is employed in the By-Laws of the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books, and all appurtenances of the Institution, and the workings, researches, installations, ex- penditures, field work, laboratories, library, publications, lecture courses, and all scientific and maintenance activities. Sec. 2. These By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a two- thirds vote of all the members present, provided the amend- ment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY REPORTS, PLATE XXXV. Bird-Life on Lake Michigan in Winter Jan., 1918. Annual Report oe the Director. 217 HONORARY MEMBERS. EDWARD E. AYER CHARLES B. CORY MRS. TIMOTHY B. BLACKSTONE HARLOW N. HIGINBOTHAM STANLEY McCORMICK PATRONS. ALLISON V. ARMOUR EDWARD B. BUTLER ALBERT M. COLLINS LEE GARNETT DAY ERNEST R. GRAHAM FRANK W. GUNSAULUS CHARLES L. HUTCHINSON VERNON SHAW KENNEDY GEORGE MANIERRE CHARLES H. MARKHAM JOHN S. MILLER JOHN BARTON PAYNE HOMER E. SARGENT FREDERICK J. V. SKIFF WILLARD A. SMITH 2 18 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. CORPORATE MEMBERS. HIGINBOTHAM, H. N. HUTCHINSON, CHARLES L. JONES, ARTHUR B. ALOIS, OWEN F. ARMOUR, ALLISON AYER, EDWARD E. BARTLETT, A. C. BLAIR, WATSON F. BUTLER, EDWARD B. CHALMERS, W. J. CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, H. C. CLARK, JOHN M. COLLINS, ALBERT M. CRANE, RICHARD T. DAY, LEE GARNETT EASTMAN, SIDNEY C. ELLSWORTH, JAMES W. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY GAGE, LYMAN J. GETTY, HENRY H. GRAHAM, ERNEST R. GUNSAULUS, FRANK W. GUNTHER, C. F. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW KOHLSAAT, HERMAN H. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. MARKHAM, CHARLES H. MANIERRE, GEORGE MILLER, JOHN S. MITCHELL, JOHN J. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PECK, FRED. W. PORTER, GEORGE F. RYERSON, MARTIN A. SARGENT, HOMER E. SKIFF, FREDERICK J. V. SMITH, WILLARD A. SPRAGUE, A. A., 2nd STONE, MELVILLE E. DECEASED, 1917. ADAMS, GEORGE E. FIELD, HENRY Jan., 1918. Annual Report of the Director. 219 LIFE MEMBERS. ALDIS, OWEN F. ALLEN, BENJAMIN BAKER, MISS ISABELLE BANKS, ALEXANDER F. BARRELL, FINLEY BARRETT, MRS. A. D. BARRETT, ROBERT L. BARTLETT, A. C. BASSFORD, LOWELL C. BEALE, WILLIAM G. BILLINGS, FRANK BLACKSTONE, MRS. TIMOTHY B. BLAINE, MRS. EMMONS BLAIR, HENRY A. BLAIR, WATSON F. BOOTH, VERNON BOYNTON, C. T. BREWSTER, WALTER S. BROWN, WILLIAM L. BUFFINGTON, EUGENE J. BUTLER, EDWARD B. BYLLESBY, H. M. CARR, CLYDE M. CARRY, EDWARD F. CARTON, L. A. CHALMERS, WILLIAM J. CLAY, JOHN COBE, IRA M. CRAMER, CORWITH CRANE, CHARLES RICHARD CRANE, RICHARD T. CUDAHY, JOSEPH M. CUMMINGS, D. MARK DAU, J. J. DAWES, CHARLES G. DAY, ALBERT M. DEERING, CHARLES DEERING, JAMES DELANO, FREDERIC A. DICK, ALBERT BLAKE DONNELLEY, REUBEN H. DONNELLEY, THOMAS E. DRAKE, TRACY C. ECKHART, B. A. FAIR, ROBERT M. FARWELL, WALTER FAY, C. N. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY FORSYTH, ROBERT FULLER, WILLIAM A. GARTZ, A. F. GARY, JOHN W. GRISCOM, CLEMENT A. GROMMES, JOHN B. HAMILL, ERNEST A. HILL, LOUIS W. HOROWITZ, L. J. HOXIE, MRS. JOHN R. HUGHITT, MARVIN HULBURD, CHARLES H HUTCHINSON, C. L. INSULL, SAMUEL JOHNSON, MRS. ELIZABETH AYER JOHNSON, FRANK S. JONES, ARTHUR B. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KELLEY, WILLIAM V. KING, FRANCIS KING, JAMES G. KIRK, WALTER RADCLIFFE LAMONT, ROBERT P. LAWSON, VICTOR LOGAN, SPENCER H. 220 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. McCORMICK, MRS. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. McCORMICK, HAROLD F. McELWEE, ROBERT H. Mclennan, d. r. MacVEAGH, franklin MARK, CLAYTON MASON, WILLIAM S. MITCHELL, J. J. MUNROE, CHARLES A. NEWELL, A. B. ORR, ROBERT M. PAM, MAX PATTEN, HENRY J. PIKE, EUGENE S. PORTER, GEORGE F. PORTER, H. H. RAWSON, FREDERICK H. REAM, MRS. CAROLINE P. REVELL, ALEXANDER H. REYNOLDS, GEORGE M. ROBINSON, THEODORE W. ROSENWALD, JULIUS RUNNELLS, JOHN S. RUSSELL, EDMUND A. RUSSELL, EDWARD P. RYERSON, MRS. CARRIE H. RYERSON, EDWARD L. RYERSON, MARTIN A. SHEDD, JOHN G. SIMPSON, JAMES SMITH, ORSON SPOOR, JOHN A. SPRAGUE, A. A., 2nd STILLWELL, HOMER A. STOUT, FRANK D. STURGES, GEORGE SWIFT, CHARLES H. SWIFT, EDWARD F. SWIFT, LOUIS F. THORNE, CHARLES H. THORNE, GEORGE R. THORNE, ROBERT J. WILLARD, ALONZO J. WILSON, WALTER H. DECEASED, 1917. ADAMS, GEORGE E. FIELD, HENRY FRANTZIUS, FRITZ VON ISHAM, MRS. KATHERINE PORTER Jan., 1918. Annual Report op the Director. 221 ANNUAL MEMBERS. ADAMS, CYRUS H. ADAMS, MILWARD ALLBRTON, ROBERT H. ARMOUR, GEORGE A. BAILEY, EDWARD P. BECKER, A. G. BILLINGS, C. K. G. BOAL, CHARLES T. BURLEY, CLARENCE A. COMSTOCK, WILLIAM C. COONLEY-WARD, MRS. L. A. CUMMINGS, E. A. CURTIS, D. H. EISENDRATH, W. N. FORGAN, JAMES B. FRANK, HENRY L. FULLER, O. F. FURST, CONRAD GAYLORD, FREDERIC GLESSNER, J. J. GOODRICH, A. W. GORDON, EDWARD K. GREY, CHARLES F. GURLEY, W. W. HARRIS, GEORGE B. HARRIS, JOHN F. HASKELL, FREDERICK T. HIBBARD, WILLIAM G., Jr. HITCHCOCK, R. M. HOLT, GEORGE H. HOPKINS, JOHN P. JENKINS, GEORGE H. JONES, J. S. KEITH, W. SCOTT KIMBALL, EUGENE S. KIMBALL, MRS. MARK LAMB, FRANK H. LAY, A. TRACY LEE, BLEWETT LEIGH, EDWARD B. LINCOLN, ROBERT T. LINN, W. R. LOGAN, F. G. LORD, J. B. LOWDEN, FRANK O. LYTTON, HENRY C. McCREA, W. S. McWilliams, lafayette MacF ARLAN D , HENRY J. MAGEE, HENRY W. MANSURE, E. L. MAYER, LEVY MEYER, MRS. M. A. MOORE, N. G. MULLIKEN, A. H. NATHAN, ADOLPH NOLAN, JOHN H. NORTON, O. W. OSBORN, HENRY A. PALMER, PERCIVAL B. PARKER, FRANCIS W. PEARSON, EUGENE H. PINKERTON, W. A. PORTER, WASHINGTON RIPLEY, E. P. ROSENBAUM, JOSEPH ROSENFELD MRS. MAURICE SCHMIDT, DR. O. L. SCHWARTZ, G. A. SEIPP, MRS. C. SHORTALL, JOHN L. 222 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. SKINNER, THE MISSES SOPER, JAMES P. SOUTHWELL, H. E. SPENCE, MRS. ELIZABETH E. STOCKTON, JOHN T. STUART, ROBERT UIHLEIN, EDWARD G. WACKER, CHARLES H. WALKER, JAMES R. WALKER, WILLIAM B. WALLER, EDWARD C. WHITE, A. STAMFORD WHITEHEAD, W. M. WILSON, MRS. E. C. WILSON, M. H. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXXVII Photo, by Baker Art Gallery, Columbus, Ohio. Theodore Roosevelt. NATURALIST, Field Museum of Natural History. Publication 202. Report Series. Vol. V, No. 4. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR 1918. Chicago, U. S. A. January, 1919. CONTENTS. Page Board of Trustees 226 Officers and Committees 227 Staff of the Museum 228 Report of the Director 229 Maintenance 231 Publications 231 Library 231 Cataloguing, Inventorying, and Labeling 233 Accessions 235 Installation and Permanent Improvement 241 The N. W. Harris Public School Extension ......... 252 Photography and Illustration 253 Printing 254 Financial Statement 255 Attendance and Receipts 257 Accessions 258 Department of Anthropology 258 Department of Botany 259 Department of Geology 261 Department of Zoblogy 264 Section of Photography 264 The Library 264 Articles of Incorporation 277 Amended By-Laws 279 List of Honorary Members and Patrons 285 List of Corporate Members 286 List of Life Members 287 List of Annual Members 289 The Sculpture of the new Museum building . . . . ... . . .291 226 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Edward E. Ayer. Watson F. Blair. William J. Chalmers. Marshall Field. Stanley Field. Frank W. Gunsaulus Harlow N. Higinbotham. Arthur B. Jones. Chauncey Keep. George Manierre. Cyrus H. McCormick. Martin A. Ryerson. Frederick J. V. Skief. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. William Wrigley, Jr. HONORARY TRUSTEE. Owen F. Aldis. Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 227 OFFICERS. Stanley Field, President. Martin A. Ryerson, First Vice-President. Watson F. Blair, Second Vice-President. Frederick J. V. Skiff, Secretary. D. C. Davies, Assistant Secretary and Auditor. Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer. Stanley Field. Edward E. Ayer. Watson F. Blair. COMMITTEES. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Marshall Field. Arthur B. Jones. George Manierre. William J. Chalmers. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. FINANCE COMMITTEE. Watson F. Blair. Arthur B. Jones. Martin A. Ryerson. BUILDING COMMITTEE. William J. Chalmers. Cyrus H. McCormick. Frederick J. V. Skiff. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. SUB-COMMITTEE OF BUILDING COMMITTEE. Stanley Field. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. Frederick J. V. Skiff. George Manierre. AUDITING COMMITTEE. Arthur B. Jones. Edward E. Ayer. Watson F. Blair. ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE. Frank W. Gunsaulus. George Manierre. Chauncey Keep. Arthur B. Jones. PENSION COMMITTEE. A. A. Sprague, 2nd. Frederick J. V. Skiff. 228 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. STAFF OF THE MUSEUM. DIRECTOR. Frederick J. V. Skiff. DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY. Berthold Laufer, Curator. Charles L. Owen, Assistant Curator Division of Archaeology. Fay Cooper Cole, Assistant Curator Physical Anthropology and Malayan Ethnology. Albert B. Lewis, Assistant Curator of African and Melanesian Ethnology. J. Alden Mason, Assistant Curator of Mexican and South American Archaeology. Helen C. Gunsaulus, Assistant Curator of Japanese Ethnology. DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY. Charles F. Millspaugh, Curator. B. E. Dahlgren, Assistant Curator Economic Botany. DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY. Oliver C. Farrington, Curator. H. W. Nichols, Assistant Curator. Elmer S. Riggs, Assistant Curator of Paleontology . DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY. Charles B. Cory, Curator. Wilfred H. Osgood, Assistant Curator of Mammalogy and Ornithology. William J. Gerhard, Assistant Curator Division of Entomology. Edmond N. Gueret, Assistant Curator Division of Osteology. Carl L. Hubbs, Assistant Curator Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology. R. Magoon Barnes, Assistant Curator Division of Oology. THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION. S. C. Simms, Curator. RECORDER. ASSISTANT RECORDER. D. C. Davies. Benj. Bridge. THE LIBRARY. Elsie Lippincott, Librarian. Emily M. Wilcoxson, Assistant Librarian. January I, 1919. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR, 1918 To the Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History: I have the honor to present a report of the operations of the Museum for the year ending December 31, 1918. The negotiations of the National Government to secure the new Museum structure for hospital purposes, the contract to this end which was entered into, the resulting increase in building operations in accord- ance with the terms of the contract and the subsequent sudden cancella- tion by the Government of the contract following the European armistice had naturally a confusing and disturbing effect upon the affairs of the Museum during the later part of the year. The preparations for the transfer to the new building had been underway for sometime, but work of this character was more actively prosecuted after the contract with the Government had been entered into and the methods of packing were altered in view of the expectation to store the material for several years, or during the operation of the contract or lease. The probability as now appears, that the transfer to the new building may take place next year and possibly in the autumn, will require continued and assiduous efforts in preparation for this event that will leave little else to be done in the old building. The progress so far made and the methods employed may be said to be satisfactory but not remarkable. The Museum has felt the common influence of the war upon its economic affairs and, operating upon a fixed income, has reduced its expenditures as far as possible to the necessities of maintenance. The high prices of fuel and of materials of every variety entering into the every day affairs of the Institution have, except for reserves, practically exhausted the annual receipts and left little to be recorded in the way of new or progressive activities. To what may be ascribed the large decrease in attendance is doubtful. The public in some way appears to have gained the impression, which it has not been easy to correct, that the present building has been closed or was in a state of some confusion, because of preparations for immediate removal to and storage of its contents in the new building, which was to be used for three years as a Government hospital. This may be regarded as one reason. Probably, however, the falling off in attendance has been due very largely to the consuming interest of the public in the war and 229 230 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. in the circumstances reaching into every home immediately or indirectly associated with it. People generally have not felt at sufficient ease and unconcern to visit places of the character of the Museum for pleasure, pastime or study. At the same time the extent of the decrease in attend- ance, even with these allowances fully made, is still unaccountable. President Field returned from his duties in France in September after a year’s service. Trustee Sprague, Major of Infantry, has received his discharge from the Army and has returned to Chicago. Trustee Marshall Field, Captain of Artillery, is still on duty in France. Dr. Frank W. Gunsaulus, Pastor of the Central Church and President of Armour Institute, accepted election as a member of the Board of Trustees of the Museum, filling the vacancy caused by the death of Honorable George E. Adams. Mr. William Wrigley, Jr., prominent manufacturer, has been elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. Henry Field. The general staff of the Museum saw fit to recognize the Twenty- fifth Anniversary of the Director’s appointment by presenting him with an engrossed Appreciation signed by the entire personnel; an act which was sincerely appreciated by its recipient. The Assistant Curator of Economic Botany with several laboratory assistants transferred the activities of the Mrs. Stanley Field Plant Repro- duction section to Miami, Florida, in October, where accommodations were secured from the United States Agricultural Department in its laboratory there, to carry on the work of reproducing the plants of that section; the expedition expecting to be absent six months or more. Re- ports from Assistant Curator Dahlgren reflect a gratifying outcome of this enterprise. Acknowledgment is made of the contributions of funds from Mrs. T. B. Blackstone and from Mr. Charles R. Crane, to defray the cost of a publication in the Museum series by Curator Laufer of the Department of Anthropology, entitled: “Sino-Iranica; Chinese Contributions to the History of the Civilization of Ancient Iran. ” Somewhat extensive reference is made elsewhere in this report to the Japanese painting presented to the Museum by Trustee Gunsaulus; a most valuable gift from both an ethnologic and artistic standpoint. The Finance Committee of the Museum authorized an arrangement to finance the subscriptions of the employes of the Institution to the Third and Fourth Liberty Loan bond issues, under which arrangement a most gratifying subscription resulted, both as to individuals and the amounts taken. The Museum sustained a signal loss in the death of Mr. Odell Edward Lansing, Jr., Keeper-of-the-Herbarium, Department of Botany. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXXVI An Enlarged “Float” or “Bladder” of the bladder-weed Reproduced in Glass and Natural Color. It illustrates the carnivorus character of the plant. Jan., 1919. Annual Report oe the Director. 231 Mr. Lansing had been in the service of the Museum twenty-three years during which his conscientious, untiring devotion to his work, and cheerful presence, had endeared him to all his associates. He was a diligent and discriminating collector, making his special field of labor the Plant Life of the Chicago Basin, in Illinois and Indiana. To this he devoted all his spare time and often his periods of vacation. He also collected in various parts of Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin, and in the Ozark region of Missouri. In 1903, on a commission from the Museum, he made a thorough and comprehensive botanical exploration of all the sand keys of Florida from Key West westward. His original collections (4,563 specimens) are preserved in the herbarium of the Museum, and duplicates in various herbaria of America and Europe. maintenance. — The annual Budget Authorized by the Board of Trustees provided the sum of $158,496.00 for the maintenance of the Museum for the fiscal year. The actual amount expended was $137,- 740.00, leaving a balance within the anticipated expenses for the year of $20,756.00. In addition to the cost of maintenance the sum of approximately $5,000.00 was expended for collections and packing sup- plies, that brought the total to $142,740.00. publications. — During the year four publications were issued, com- prising parts of four volumes, details of which follow : Pub. 197. — Zoological Series, Vol. XIII, Part II, No. 1. The Birds of the Americas. By C. B. Cory. March 1918. 315 pages, 1 colored plate. Edition 1,150. Pub. 198. — Zoological Series, Vol. XII, No. 2. Notes on Fishes from the Athi River in British East Africa. By Carl L. Hubbs. January 1918. 4 pages, 3 halftones. Edition 1,000. Pub. 199. — Botanical Series, Vol. IV, No. 1. New Species of Xan- thium and Solidago. By C. F. Millspaugh and E. F. Sherff. April 1918. 7 pages, 6 halftones. Edition 1,000. Pub. 200. — Report Series, Vol. V, No. 3. Annual Report of the Direc- tor for the year 1917. J anuary 1918. 74 pages, 1 1 halftones. Edition, 2,000. These publications were distributed to individuals and institutions whose names appear on the Domestic mailing list. On account of the enhanced sea risk a few copies of the Annual Report only were sent abroad. the library. — The books and pamphlets accessioned during the year were 1,484, a decrease from preceding years, but this is amply explained by war conditions. In the interest of general economy and the desire to cooperate with the War Industries Board in the saving of paper, publishers have issued limited editions. Periodicals and serials that 232 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. had been previously received as gifts or exchanges were discontinued. Foreign exchanges were scant and irregular. The total number of books and pamphlets in the Library is 71,020, which are distributed as follows : General Library 44,750 Department of Anthropology 3, 61 6 Department of Botany 7,476 Department of Geology 10,460 Department of Zoology 4,718 Purchases were made of forty-six books necessary for work in hand in the departmental libraries. Among those received are: Crawford’s History of the Indian Archipelago, 1820; Im Thurm’s Among the In- dians of Guiana, 1884; Rickard’s Ruins of Mexico; Robelo’s Diccionario de Aztequismos; Walters’ Ancient Pottery; Tutton’s Crystallography; Pennant’s Synopsis of Quadrupeds, 1771. Through the continued generosity of Mr. Edward E. Ayer, a handsomely bound and illustrated copy of Lord Rothschild’s Extinct Birds, and continuations of Mat- thews’ Birds of Australia were purchased for the Ayer Ornithological Library. Mr. William S. McCrea donated a copy of Herrick’s Audubon the Naturalist. Interesting additions were also received from Mr. Wil- liam J. Chalmers, Mr. Charles L. Freer, Detroit, Mr. J. Nilsen Laurvik, San Francisco, Mr. Elmer D. Merrill, Manila, Mr. Edward S. Morse, Salem, Mr. James Weir, Missoula. The general activities of the Library have continued in as earnest and energetic a manner as existing con- ditions permitted. New work has not been undertaken during the year, but the development of resources at hand has progressed. The steadily rising cost of binding materials made it impractical to bind the usual number of books, and only 227 periodicals and serials were bound during the year. There were written and filed in the catalogues 15,612 cards. Twelve monthly installments of approximately a thousand cards each of the John Crerar Library were received and filed. Preparatory to moving to the new building a general weeding out has been made of literature no longer of use in the work of the Museum. Much of this material had been accessioned before it was definitely determined that the scope of the Museum would be confined to natural history. For lack of shelf-room these books have been packed in boxes for some years. What is of exchange value was checked off the records and repacked; all duplicate material was carefully examined and what was of im- portance for exchange purposes was also packed. All of these forty- eight boxes were properly labeled and stored ready for shipment. What was fit only for waste paper was sold. In all 1,780 numbers were checked off the records, which reduces to 71,020 the total number of books and pamphlets in the Library. Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 233 DEPARTMENTAL CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING, AND LABELING. During the CUT- reilt year the work of cataloguing in the Department of Anthropology has been carried on as usual, and the total number of catalogue cards prepared amounts to 5,441. These cards are distributed over the various divisions as follows: China, India and Philippines 47; Melanesian Ethnology 984; North American Ethnology 594; Mexican and South American Archaeology 598; and Physical Anthropology 3,218. All these cards have been entered in the inventory books of the Department, which now number 38. The number of annual accessions amounts to 16, of these 11 have been entered. The total number of catalogue cards entered from the opening of the first volume amounts to 153,111. The photographer made 63 negatives and supplied 503 prints to the De- partment. There were added to the label file 224 new label cards. A total number of 2,309 labels was turned out by the printer for use in the exhibition cases of the Department. These labels are distributed as follows: China and Philippines 20; Melanesian Ethnology 129; and Mexican and South American Archaeology 2,160. The printer further supplied the Department with 2,050 catalogue cards and 5,600 shipping labels. The cataloguing of the collections secured under the auspices of the Joseph N. Field Expedition is now completed. All together 11,390 cards are written on this collection. General case-labels have been installed in all cases of Halls 2 and 3 and those in the East Court. The condensation and reinstallation of the Philippine collections, carried on during 1917, made necessary the relabeling of a large portion of the exhibits. This was completed early in the spring by the labeling of sixteen cases covering the Bukidnon tribes of Northern Mindanao and the Bagobo of Davao Gulf. Labels have been written for thirty-five specimens in the case of Egyptian bronzes. The general case labels for six cases of Egyptian archseology installed last year have been properly placed. The Ushebti figures have been classified, and the translations of their inscriptions made by Dr. Allen will be utilized for the prepara- tion of the labels. The Canopic jars have also been carefully studied, classified, and inscriptions read. Under an agreement with the Depart- ment of Egyptology at the University of Chicago the Museum received for some time the services of Dr. Allen for the translation of Egyptian inscriptions in exchange for Egyptian material of the University to be treated or repaired by the Department’s preparator. Dr. Allen’s notes will form a useful foundation for the labels to be prepared for this section. Since the first of June, the Assistant Curator of Mexican and South American Archaeology has concerned himself almost entirely with the Zavaleta collection of Calchaqui archaeology. This collection consisted of 4,565 numbers; two hundred and 234 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. seventy-one of these had already been catalogued in the Peruvian collection, the remaining 4,294 have been numbered in 2,120 cata- logue numbers; about four hundred of these have been catalogued to date. In the Department of Botany the entries made number 7,754, bring- ing the total entries to 477,490. The permanent card reference-indexes maintained in the Department of Botany, and their composition, are as follows: Number of Cards Augmented 1918 Total Index of Botanical Species 2,500 147,650 Index to Common names of plants 1,200 19,950 Index to Yucatan plants 160 6,362 Index to Euphorbicse 85 4,225 Department Labels 262 3, 100 Index to Collectors and Collections 95 9,850 Index to Geographic collections . 16 2,750 Index to Botanical Titles (articles) 178 1,500 Index to Department Library 137 8,800 Index to Illinois Flora 900 900 Index to Hand Specimens of Woods 800 800 Index to Cases Installed 595 Index to Photographs 600 6,333 207,082 All accessions in the Department of Geology have been duly cata- logued as received. The total record of catalogue entries to date is as follows: Number of Record Books 22; Entries during 1918, 510; Total number of entries to December 31, 1918, 140,429; Total number of cards written 8,018. The Chalmers Crystal collection has been labeled throughout, 166 additional labels having been provided for this purpose. Other series for which new labels have been made are those of Quater- nary vertebrates and about 500 miscellaneous specimens of ores and minerals. The whole comprises a total of 745 labels which have been printed and for the most part installed during the year. In addition 168 labels have been prepared and are ready for printing. Owing to the small number of new accessions in the Department of Zoology the total number of new entries in the catalogues was the small- est in the history of the Department. The total number of regular entries was only 185, of which 155 were in Ornithology and 30 in Mam- malogy. In the classified card catalogues, the number of entries also has been limited. In Ornithology about 150 new entries were made and in Mammalogy correction and revision of about 100 cards were made. New exhibition labels to complete the relabeling of the synoptic collection of mammals were received from the printer and in part have been installed, the remainder being held until after removal. The work of re-identifying, re-cataloguing and re-tagging the study collections Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 235 of the Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology has proceeded through- out the year. Most of the new material entered and some of the old material has been supplied with tin tags, stamped in the machine pur- chased for that purpose last year. In the Division of Osteology fifteen skeletons were catalogued and index cards were written for the same. Including the duplicates, 1,700 shell labels were received from the printer. Of this number 1,381 have been installed. There were also installed 133 labels for scorpions, tarantulas, centipedes and silkworms. The following table shows the work performed on catalogues and the inventorying accomplished: Number of Total Number Total Number Department of Anthropology . Record Books 38 of Entries to December 31, i 153,111 Entries 918 During 1918 5,441 of Cards Written I53,m Department of Botany 58 477,490 7,754 83,374 Department of Geology ... 22 140,429 5io 8,018 Department of Zoology 40 101,249 789 35,713 The Library 14 108,360 2,640 258,972 Section of Photography 20 119,138 1,299 accessions. — The Curator of Anthropology makes the following observations on the painted Japanese screen of the Tosa school presented to the Museum by Dr. Frank W. Gunsaulus in commemoration of the Director’s twenty-fifth anniversary of service: The Tosa school, so named for the painter Tsunetaka, a governor of Tosa Province, flour- ished in the thirteenth century, and in its artistic aspirations was anti- Chinese, cultivating a vigorous nationalism and representing the taste of Japanese aristocracy as developed at the court of Kyoto. The char- acteristics of the Tosa masters were a magnificent combination of harmonious color and remarkable skill of composition. In conformity with their national tendencies they turned their attention toward his- torical subjects, and as illustrators of historical incidents or court romances and ceremonies on a grand scale they are peerless in the pictorial annals of Japan. In the epic style of their painted narratives they became for Japan what the rhapsodists of the Homeric poems were for Greece. Their best work is accordingly found on screens and sliding doors which offered the most suitable background for the expression of their inspiring conceptions. Distinguished forms, a delicate finesse of the brush exhibiting a decided affinity with the best miniatures of Persia, and the illustrated missals of our middle ages, a delicate severity of outlines, a certain conventionality of aristocratic sentiment, an incomparable talent for minutest detail in depicting trees, flowers, and birds, vivid, opaque and plastic coloration — these are the predominant traits of Tosa art all of which are reflected in this screen. Art was en- 236 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. riched by these masters with a striking innovation which omitted the roofs of the buildings, representing the interiors from a bird’s-eye view and blending the surrounding scenery with the domestic events. This principle is felicitously embodied in this painting which depicts three scenes from the famous classical romance Genji Monogatari written in a.d. 1004. The scene on the right-hand side shows the hero, Prince Genji, engaged with his friends in a discussion of the character of women. The scene in the upper portion of the centre illustrates Prince Genji gazing through a hedge at a group of ladies in the building. The scene on the left-hand side of the screen represents Genji and his friend To-no- chujo performing a war dance before the emperor in the palace Suzaku-in, accompanied by the orchestra below, of two reed-organs, two flutes, and two drums. The audience is formed by the members of the court seated in a hall on the left-hand side; the women spectators being confined to a special box on a lower level than the men. The characterization of the figures is exquisite, and the technical means employed to this end are of highest quality. In the costumes of four figures the designs are em- bossed or raised in relief in the paper, while a rich scale of pigments is set off from a gold-speckled brown background. The whole composition is as monumental and artistic as the treatment of details is refined, accurate, and instructive. This painting personifies a live source of inspiration for the study of ancient Japanese life, customs, and decorative forms, and it is no exaggeration to say that this screen is one of the greatest Oriental works of art which ever came to the Museum. Dr. Gunsaulus’ ingenuity and perspicacity in the discovery of this treasure cannot be praised enough, and he is deserving of our heart-felt gratitude for his generous presenta- tion, as well as for the thoughtfulness and spirit in which it is made. In the Department of Anthropology there were received as a gift from Mr. H. W. Narjal five pieces of tapa cloth and three war clubs from Samoa, a pair of Eskimo skin boots, and an ancient suit of chain mail coming from Sweden, but probably manufactured in Persia. A very interesting lot of Chinese pottery fragments was presented by Mr. E. B. Christie who at a time was connected with the Philippine Museum of the Bureau of Science, Manila, and discovered these bits in 1915 in ancient burial caves of Bohol, Philippine Islands. Some of these shards have artistic and archaeological value, being as early as the time of the Sung dynasty (tenth and eleventh centuries). There are several good ex- amples of celadons which show that the sea-green glaze of this ware was wrought over a porcelain body at that period, and a large series of other glazes, particularly blue and whites. It is hoped that this material will give occasion to a renewed and more profound study of the problem of Chinese pottery in the Philippines, which was taken up in a pub- Jan., 1919. Annual Report oe the Director. 237 lication of the Museum some years ago. A valuable museum purchase is represented by the grave material secured from a cave on the Pecos River, Val Verde Co., West Texas, by Mr. J. H. Hudson. The principal object was dug up four feet underground, being the skeleton of an Indian child in excellent state of preservation, wrapped in an antelope skin and adorned with a necklace of shell beads of intrinsic value. In the same cave were found a finely woven mat with very interesting painted designs, two plain undecorated mats, several deer or antelope skins, two smaller mats, a rabbit fur robe, and a bone awl. Besides there is the skull of an Indian woman and some detached bones discovered in another cave. Prominent among the year’s accessions is a rare robe, the gift of Mr. Homer E. Sargent, which is a welcome addition to the choice collection of blankets given by him last year. It is a blanket made at Spuzzum, B. C., about 1863; it soon passed into the possession of a Hudson Bay Company’s factor, in whose family it remained for more than fifty years until it was purchased for Mr. Sargent. While this type of blanket was formerly produced by Lower Thompson and some of the neighboring Lower Frazer Indians of Yale, not more than six are known to be now in existence. Through Mr. Edward E. Ayer, the Museum purchased several articles from the rapidly vanishing Tolowa tribe in the extreme northwestern part of California; among these being two fine buckskin festival dresses, also a beautiful head-band worn in the Jumping or Fall dance. A metate with muller from Mexico was turned over to the Department as a gift from Mr. Ayer. The most im- portant addition of this year is represented by the material received in exchange from Mr. George G. Heye, director of the Museum of the American Indian, New York, and making a total of seven hundred objects. The collection covers two regions: Ecuador and the West Indies. The majority of the material comes from the West Indies (412 specimens): Trinidad, Carriacou, St. Kitts, St. Vincent, Santa Lucia, Grenada, the Virgin Islands, and Cuba. It contains a large quantity of stone axes of different shapes and of shell celts which are available for exhibition. The balance of the West Indian material consists tif pottery fragments and sherds, entire vessels being excessively rare from this region. A large number of the fragments contain relief figures suitable for exhibition, but, on the whole, the collection has greater scientific value because of its rarity. The Ecuador collection is excellent, consisting of 288 specimens, principally entire pottery vessels of high exhibition quality and of types not heretofore possessed by the museum. There are also a few stone and a very few metal pieces from this region. On the whole it is an excellent collection of almost perfect exhibition value. Two sacred bundles from the Sauk and Fox were 238 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. purchased through Dr. T. Michelson of the Bureau of American Ethnology; they form a valuable addition to the sacred bundles from other Indian tribes in the collections. The Department of Botany received the following important addi- tions to its herbarium during the year: The highly valuable “Centuriae Species Blancoanae,” distributed specially by the Philippine Bureau of Sciences, to illustrate, by topotypic plants, the species treated by Blanco in his Flora of the Philippines, and in addition to these 374 further Philippine species; “Plantae Wilsonianae,” 753 plants of China and Japan; 457 Philippine plants from a series specially collected for the Arnold Arboretum; the herbarium of Professor Hall, formerly State Geologist of New York, 1,311 plants representing the Flora of Troy, N. Y.; Earl E. Sherff, 446 plants of Illinois; Dr. Robert Ridgway, 267 plants of Illinois; C. F. Millspaugh, 117 plants of Wisconsin, and 182 North Carolina; F. C. Gates, 390 plants of Michigan; Florence Beck- with, 85 plants of Illinois; Walter Fischer, 299 plants of Argentina; New York Botanical Garden, 363 plants of Jamaica (Harris); A. A. Heller, 306 plants of California and Oregon; and Ira W. Clokey, 170 plants of Colorado. On account of lack of preparatorial assistance for poisoning and mounting specimens the additions to the herbarium fall far below the usual annual quota. The regional distribution of fully organized material added to the herbarium in 1918, is shown in the following tabulation: Locality Added this Total in North America: Year Herbarium Assiniboia 21 Manitoba ... 3 262 Ontario ••• 3 1,670 United States: Alabama . . . 8 1,468 Arizona ... 9 8,221 California . . . 288 25.583 Magdalena Islands ... 17 33 Colorado ........ 12,585 Connecticut ... 38 692 Carolina, North 211 4.754 Delaware 1 1.338 District of Columbia ... 44 2,712 Florida ••• 5 20,331 Georgia 3.995 Idaho 3.655 Illinois ... 833 27,968 Indiana 102 6,943 Kansas ... 6 546 Kentucky 1.373 Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 239 LOCALITY United States: (continued) Maryland Massachusetts . Michigan Missouri .... Nevada .... New Jersey . New Mexico New York Ohio .... Oklahoma Oregon .... Pennsylvania Rhode Island Rocky Mountains . Tennessee Texas .... Utah .... Vermont .... Virginia .... Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Bahama Islands: Inagua .... Long Cay New Providence West Indies: Barbados Cuba .... Dominica Grand Cayman . Jamaica .... Porto Rico . Santo Domingo . Central America: Costa Rica Guatemala .... Mexico Lower California Yucatan .... Cozumel Island South America: Columbia Argentina .... Uruguay .... Venezuela .... Europe: England Added this Total in Year Herbarium 86 1,366 7 5,350 397 3,912 4 3,886 1 1,295 30 3,037 36 3,722 911 7,471 7 2,070 1 296 48 8,986 22 10,158 2 602 2 59 3 1,370 10 9,888 3 3,301 6 3,604 107 4,843 11 7,5H 14 2,042 122 5,007 I 444 I 12 3 2,428 3 346 44 10,957 7 98 2 146 365 7,694 1 4,731 I 1,323 4 612 2 3,083 70 3L3I4 I 1,685 6 6,759 2 200 1 2,431 299 1,368 2 168 1 707 I 2,459 240 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. LOCALITY Africa: Congo (French) Asia: Amboinia China Japan Philippines Horticultural Illustrations, mounted as Herbarium specimens The Department of Geology received its most important accession during the year from Mr. William J. Chalmers, who provided ninety additional specimens for the collection of mineral crystals. These specimens are of high quality and interest and greatly enhance the value of this already unique and remarkable collection. A valuable series of minerals and gems, some of them cut, associated with the dia- monds of the Jagersfontein, South Africa, mines, was presented by Mr. Alexander Fay Brigham. The Great Northern Railway presented a large painting of the Rome glacier of Glacier National Park, Montana. Several valuable accessions were received by exchange, among which a series of Permian reptiles from the University of Chicago was of first importance. The series contains skulls, vertebrae and other bones of the rare, primitive forms, Eryops, Labidosaurus, Pariotichus and Dimetro- don. The great scarcity of remains known from the Permian and the primitive characters of these forms, make the addition of these speci- mens to the collections a valued accession. From the Australian School of Mines, Sydney, Australia, a number of rare Australian minerals were secured by exchange. These specimens included chiefly opal, chromite and different forms of tetrahedrite. By exchange with Joseph N. Prokes, fourteen large specimens of an interesting form of calcareous tufa pro- duced by spring deposition were obtained. By purchase, the type speci- ment of Paolia superba, an insect of the Carboniferous period allied to the modem locust was obtained. The specimen shows chiefly the wings of the insect, which are about three inches in length and are preserved with complete venation in a fossil concretion. Several large specimens of minerals were also secured by purchase, of special importance among them being some unusually brilliant and well-formed pyrite crystals. In the Department of Zoology the accessions of mammals and birds during the year have been few, 12 mammals and 66 birds having been donated, while only 18 mammals and 4 birds were purchased. Five British fishes, representing new groups for synoptic series, were pur- chased from the well known fish taxidermist Mr. Sherman F. Denton. Mr. L. L. Pray presented to the Museum several small Michigan fishes Added this Year Total in Herbarium I 2 I24 I24 679 2,260 74 339 7i5 h,653 127 3,i8i 45 2,236 Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 241 and two large fishes, a sheepshead and a muskallunge, mounted by himself. Some additional fishes and reptiles from California, including paratypes of two new species, were presented by Assistant Curator Hubbs, who also collected some local cold-blooded vertebrates. By exchange the study collection of fishes was enriched in several direc- tions, the following list of material having been secured: 375 fishes, amphibians and reptiles from British Honduras, comprising the collec- tions of the late Dr. B. G. Bailey, Coe College, Cedar Rapids, Iowa; 38 fluviatile fishes from Eastern Mexico, from the Museum of Zoology of the University of Michigan; 33 fishes, mostly of the family Atherinidse, including the paratype of Ischnomembras gabunensis , from the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and four desirable fishes and salamanders of Southern California, from the San Diego Society of Natural History. The acquisitions in the Division of Entomology during the year consisted mainly of small gifts from various donors. The large number of insects accessioned is wholly due to the fact that it in- cludes the collection received from Dr. William Barnes several years ago. A brief description of Dr. Barnes’ donation was given in a former report. The insects received by donation number 3,148 and by exchange 4. Installation, Rearrangement, and Permanent Improvement, Packing for Removal to new building. — In the Department of Anthropology installa- tion was carried on only during the first five months of the year, fifteen cases being installed during this period. Thirteen of these belong to the section of Mexican and South American archaeology, and comprise two cases devoted to Central American archaeology, two to Mexican archaeology, four to Mexican ethnology, and five to South American ethnology. Labels have been printed for all of these and installed in all but four cases. As five cases of Mexican archaeology and ethnology were installed in 1917, a total of eighteen, out of the number of seventy- eight cases planned for Hall F in the new building, have been completed to date. One four-foot case housing New Guinea material was installed. In it are exhibited some fine examples of the carved wooden drums known as garamuts and found on the north coast of the island. These illustrate the principal variations which occur in this region. A case containing more than eighty-five bronze vessels collected in Egypt largely through Mr. Edward E. Ayer’s efforts, and comprising ladles, basins, ewers, bowls, cauldrons, jugs, amphorae, vases, plates, libation pourers, pails and strainers, has been carefully installed in conformity with the plan previously formulated. In accord- ance with instructions issued on May 20 installation was discontinued, and preparations were at once initiated to mobilize collections for their future reception in the new building. Methods of packing and 242 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. material required for this purpose were discussed at meetings with the staff, and the suggestions brought out during these discussions proved most helpful. This Department has adopted the principle of packing, wherever feasible, in the cases and disturbing the material as little as possible. Following is a summary of the material packed dim- ing 1918 in the Department of Anthropology: 150 exhibition cases, 209 crates, 13 1 boxes, 1 burlap, and 1,194 carton-boxes. For the packing of pottery and bronze the exhibition-case is regarded as the safest receptacle: the method followed is to use two boards of the dimensions of a shelf and to place one along the front and the other along the back of a case against the glass and above the floor, whereby a box-like container is insured. The objects are then removed from the shelves, wrapped with corrugated paper, and tightly placed on the bottom of the case ; the boards prevent them from coming in contact with the glass. Delicate pottery pieces or fragile clay figures are first packed in carton-boxes stuffed with paper shavings. Halls 50, 51 and 56 of the East Annex were closed during the summer, and the material displayed in the exhibition cases and a great amount of storage material were made ready for transportation. In June orders were somewhat modified, and instruction was given to spare exhibition- cases and to proceed with the packing of storage-material. Efforts then turned toward clearing up the West Annex which for a number of years has been the repository of several ten thousands of objects not yet pre- pared for exhibition. These were brought to light, assembled, sorted, and classified to be finally boxed or crated. This material embraces collections from the Philippines, Java, India, Turkey, Egypt, New Guinea, Mexico, and South America. Throughout this work has been done intelligently: exchange and study collections are grouped and packed separately, while all exhibition material is selected and so cut out and arranged that it is in readiness for installation in the new build- ing without delay. Exact records were kept of all cases packed and all crates, boxes, and other packages made. As far as possible, labeling was also continued, the labels being placed with the material to which they belong. In the autumn the embargo on closing exhibition-halls was raised, and accordingly Hall 17, sheltering the Hopi altars and the Hopi home-scene, was broken up. Fifteen large cases were dismantled and their contents packed in nine crates, nine boxes, and four standard cases, while seven altar cases were packed in situ. The Eskimo Hall is now undergoing the same operation, but simultaneously it is planned to raise this interesting collection to a higher standard of exhibition. First installed some twenty years ago, it has long since outgrown its present system of arrangement. Collections have been secured from new FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Hopi Masks of the Stanley McCormick Collections. Showing method of installation Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 243 localities, while notable additions have been made to districts already- represented. It is now possible to present an adequate picture of Eskimo life and to illustrate minor variations in the culture of the tribes, due to contact with other peoples, environment, and similar factors. Of the Zavaleta collection, five cases have been arranged for future exhibition. Labels have been written for three of these and are now being printed. One case has been completely catalogued and packed for shipment. The archaeological collection from La Plata Island was examined, ar- ranged for installation in one case, labels written, and the material packed. The balance of this collection, as far as it has not been sent to the Museum of the American Indian for exchange, is likewise packed and labeled as study material. Two cases of the Mexican section have been packed for transportation, and the study material from the South Ameri- can collections is packed in forty-three boxes. During the past year the entire collection of skeletal material has been thoroughly over- hauled, sorted, cleaned, arranged geographically, and numbered by the assistant curator of physical anthropology. The cataloguing of it is now complete, so that data relating to any part of the collection are readily available. In addition to the descriptive catalogue cards, a considerable amount of laboratory work was done on the Peruvian material. Carton-boxes of two sizes have been provided, and the entire collection, including the portion displayed in the exhibition-cases on the east gallery, has been carefully packed in cartons which are num- bered and labeled. A list of this material has been prepared in duplicate for future reference in the moving operations. The collections of facial masks and plaster busts of racial types are included in this lot. As this material has been accumulating through twenty years, and an account of its scientific value has not yet been offered, a short summary may be of interest. The total number of crania and skeletons is approx- imately three thousand six hundred, while casts number about two hundred. There are four hundred and fifty specimens from South Ameri- ca, chiefly from Peru, Bolivia, and Argentine. Among these are many interesting examples which show deformation and trepanning. A large collection of busts has been obtained from Mexico; also a very interesting series of crania excavated in the vicinity of an old temple site at Tezon- tepec. All these skulls are broken in the occipital region, and it is supposed that they were once displayed on a pole in sacrificial cere- monies. Artificial deformation is found in nearly all these specimens. Prehistoric American burials are well represented by collections from the neighborhood of Trenton, New Jersey; the Hopewell, Oregonia, and the Warren County mounds of Ohio; as well as from various sites in Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana. Cliff Dweller crania and skeletons 244 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. amount to two hundred, while prehistoric Hopi is adequately illustrated by more than three hundred objects. Representative collections have been obtained from the Huron, Blackfoot, Iroquois, Pawnee, and Sioux, while collections in smaller numbers come from Central and Southern groups. The most complete collections from North America relate to the Northwest Coast, those from the Haida numbering one hundred and twenty, Kwakiutl one hundred, Nootka forty-five, Chi- nook sixty. Other groups are also represented. The California material, while small in number, contains many interesting specimens, two of which gathered by Dr. Hudson are of an exceedingly primitive type. Oceanica (South Seas) is particularly well illustrated by six hundred and forty skulls, many of which exhibit instructive examples of carving and face moulding; while small types of skull deformation, trepanning, etc., are found; the collection also contains mortuary figures provided with human heads and other parts of the skeleton. Malaysia and China yield one hundred and twenty-five objects gathered in connection with the Museum’s ethnological expeditions. Owing to the scarcity of skeletal material from these regions in our museums the specimens are of especial interest. The bulk of the material relative to Negroes and Whites consists of complete skeletons, secured in the Middle West and macer- ated at the Museum. Some one hundred and seventy-five individuals are represented in this section. Many minor collections covering Egypt, ancient Sardinia, and parts of Africa and Europe, are also in- cluded in the lists. Since the organization of the section of Physical Anthropology, considerable attention has been paid to measurements on the living, and charts representing more than four thousand in- dividuals are now on file. Of this number the greater part refers to the pagan tribes of the Philippines. Various rearrangements were made in the course of the year. In the Egyptian Hall three hanging wall cases were emptied of their contents consisting of mummies of hawks, cats, alligators, and other small animals; Ushebti figures, basketry and writ- ing materials, for future re-installation in standard cases. Two cases of small working groups and wooden burial figures were also vacated, studied with reference to labels, and packed for transportation in a standard case. One case of vases and mortuary jars, one of boxes and biers, and another of canopies or viscera jars, were dismantled, the contents studied and packed in a standard case. In the East Court, three cases of Mexican, Venezuela and British Guiana ethnology were stripped for immediate installation, following the elimination of study and duplicate material. One Peabody case containing archaeological collections from Nicaragua, Bahama and Santo Domingo was released for storage, the material being properly divided for re-installation. The Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 245 Shastan collection was removed from a standard case to storage and will be re-installed at a later date. This change was made necessary by the arrival of new material. Six Peabody cases formerly used for storage purposes in Halls 68, 69 and 72, emptied of their contents in the process of packing, were removed and stored in the basement to give floor space for the cartons containing skeletal material in Hall 69 and the crated Melanesian material in Hall 72. In the repair section of the Department four hundred and forty-nine objects were restored, and more than two hundred and fifty received treatment. There were 50,591 new numbers marked on specimens, chiefly those relating to physical anthropology and archaeological collections from Columbia, Peru and Argentine. In lieu of installation in the Department of Botany this year, all effort of the staff, with the exception of herbarium installations and the work of plant reproduction, was expended in preparation for moving the collections to the new building. All those exhibition-cases designed to be moved without disinstallation, and intended to be kept on exhibi- tion until moved, have been opened, their contents and labels securely anchored in place, and the storage locker contents packed in containers therein. In the east and west court galleries two hollow rectangular spaces were enclosed by these cases and within them 60 cases, secluded from public view, were completely disinstalled and their contents packed for shipment in the lockers beneath. In this manner more than half of the Department cases are now ready for shipment without seri- ously impairing the public attractiveness of the botanical display as long as the present building may be open. The activities of the Mrs. Stanley Field Plant Reproduction section have resulted in the production of the following life-like studies that have either been installed in the families to which they pertain or cased on view temporarily, awaiting true installation: A complete Pitcher-leaf plant (Nepenthes) in full leaf, flower and ‘ ‘ pitcher, ’ ’ enlarged male and female flowers, and a ‘ ‘ pitcher ’ ’ in section showing its contents of partly digested insects; a large Trumpet Creeper vine (Bignonia) in full leaf, flower and fruit, a Catalpa flower in section, revealing its essential organs, a long rachis of Saussage fruits (Kigelia) with leaf above and two clusters of Candle-tree fruits (Parmentiera) suspended from the trunk of the tree; a complete plant of Poison Ivy ( Toxicodendron ) in full vernal leaf and flower, another in autumnal maturity with colorate leaves and ripe fruit, a section of a floral cluster enlarged to reveal the tree distinctive floral characters of the family, a leafy twig of the Mango (Mangifera) in ripe fruit and another of Kemanga in like condition; a large branch of Gonocaryum in full leaf, flower and fruit, produced from material and studies secured, 246 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. by the Curator, in the Botanical Gardens of Buitenzorg, Java, also an enlargement of the peculiar fleshy flower of the species; a complete, leafy, fruiting branch of the Sassafras, with an enlarged flower of the Alligator-pear (. Persea ) also a twig of the latter in leaf and ripe fruit and a fruit in section; summit of a Bitter-sweet vine ( Celastrus ) in full leaf and ripe fruit, a small twig in full flower, and a single flower enlarged; a large branch of Witch Hazel ( Hamamelis ) in full autumn leaf, flower and fruit and a single flower enlarged; a series of enlarged flowers of Grevillea showing the peculiar character of anthesis in the Proteacese; cluster of three plants of Galax, growing in situ , in full leaf and flower and a portion of a floral cluster, enlarged, showing buds and two flowers in different stages of anthesis; a Passion-flower vine ( Passiflora ) in full leaf, flower and fruit; a complete plant of the Fox-glove ( Digitalis ) in full leaf and flower; a large flower of the Corn Poppy ( Papaver ) sec- tioned to reveal its essential organs; a complete Arrow-head plant (Sagittaria), in situ , in full leaf and flower; a frond of the Tuna cactus (Opuntia) in full ripe fruit illustrating one of the cultivated varieties now becoming prominent in the fancy fruit shops of our cities; a leafy, flowering and fruiting branch of the Indian Mulberry ( Morinda ), another peculiar fruit now and then reaching our northern markets; an enlarged flower of the Bladder- wort ( Utricularia ) sectioned to reveal its peculiar structure, an enlarged leaf of the plant with its interesting bodies commonly known as “floats,” a single float, or bladder, highly enlarged and opened to reveal its contents (partly digested larvae and minute water animals) proving these “bladders” to be, in reality, stomachs, and the plant to be carnivorous; the smaller Algae, the Flagellatae, Dinoflagellatae and Peridinae, groups of micro-plants, have been completed through the production of single individuals or several forms in the following genera: Spirogyra , Spirulina , Nostoc} Rivulariay Trichodesmium, Lingyba, Oscillatoria , Clathrocystis , Coccolithophora , Discosphcera , Syncrypta , Euglena, Conocladium, Rhabdosphceria, Ornitho- ceras, Ceratium , Peridenium , Gymnodenium, Spirodenium and Cochlo- denium. In October it was decided to transfer the laboratories and staff to Miami, Florida, where, through the courtesy of the Bureau of Plant Introduction of the United States Department of Agriculture, quarters were granted this Museum in the Department Laboratory Building at that place. All necessary appliances and apparatus were shipped forward and the staff left in a specially equipped automobile on the 19th of that month. On the way south studies and casts of the cotton plant were secured. Arriving at Miami, without special incident, immediate prep- arations were begun for the re-establishment of the work which is now progressing as before removal. The opportunity to thus secure needed Jan., 1919. Annual Report oe the Director. 247 semi-tropical representative plants is an excellent one. The Section of Plant Reproduction will remain in Florida until April or early May. In the Department of Geology about one hundred and twenty-five specimens were added to the Chalmers Crystal collection and the whole series re-installed, the additions making it necessary to move part of the collection to another case. The specimens are all mounted in correct crystallographic positions on individual mahogany stands and have separate individual labels. In the arrangement of the collection as exhibited, specimens illustrating the six crystallographic groups are first shown in order and subsequent to these, specimens of twin crystals, crystal groupings, crystal inclusions, crystal distortions, etc. The work begun last year of repolishing and re-etching the sections of iron mete- orites, has been continued, thirty-six specimens having been thus treated during the year. These specimens have been re-installed as fast as the work upon them has been completed. Several relief maps that had been exhibited in the Court were removed and packed, while others were re-installed. The large painting of a Montana glacier presented by the Great Northern Railway was installed in this court in connection with large specimens showing glaciated surfaces. A model of the Natural Bridge of Virginia, based on the accurate survey and studies in the field made by the Assistant Curator last year, has been executed by the Assistant Curator and also placed on exhibition in the West Court. The model is five feet six inches long, three feet three inches wide, and two feet ten inches high, thus being of a size which is as large as will fit into the ordinary type of case. The scale is ten feet to the inch. This scale, without producing a model of unwieldy size, is large enough to show minor details distinctly. In this model an attempt has been made to simulate nature as closely as possible and to avoid the conventionalized and generalized systems of representation frequently employed in geological modeling. Also the vertical and horizontal scales are the same, thus avoiding the distortion which is also frequently employed in geological models. The model represents a length of 660 feet of the gorge of Cedar Creek in Rockbridge County, Virginia, with the well- known Natural Bridge of limestone spanning it at an elevation of 215 feet above the water. The stream bed and the vertical cliffs are of lime- stone, with coatings of bright-colored clays. The higher levels and the more sloping portions of the canon walls are densely wooded. The basis of the model is reinforced concrete. The limestone surfaces and cliffs are modeled, the concrete mixtures at the surface being varied to meet the changing requirements of the rock texture. The strongly colored surfaces of the limestone have been reproduced in the model by perma- nent pigments which have been introduced into the pores of the con- 248 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Crete, thus avoiding a painted effect. Some carved pebbles were em- ployed to represent individual rock features. The wooded portions of the model contain over 1000 miniature trees. The most prominent geological feature illustrated by this model is the formation of a natural bridge by the collapse of the roof of a cave, leaving only a fragment in the form of a bridge. The canon of Cedar Creek marks the position of the former cave and traces of the latest falling of the roof appear as large limestone boulders in the creek immediately above and below the bridge. The geological reason for the location of the bridge in its present position is indicated by the appearance of the rock on the west wall of the gorge, which shows distinctly at the bridge the axis of a syncline where the beds of limestone lie level and also tend to be less broken than elsewhere. Other characteristic cave features illustrated by the model are light-colored stagmalitic deposits on the wall under the bridge and two vertical pits, one above and one below the bridge. The skeleton of the Irish Deer in Hall 36, having been found to be undergoing injury on account of imperfect mounting, was in part disarticulated and the supporting framework reconstructed. The up- right rods were lengthened, reinforced and attached to the base in such a manner as to give a rigid support. Some fractures in the skeleton were repaired and a few missing parts restored. In remounting, also, the posture of the body was improved. Considerable progress has been made also towards mounting a skeleton of Megacerops. This is an Oligocene titanothere collected in South Dakota by the Museum ex- pedition of 1898. While the greater part of the skeleton was obtained, restoration of some components was found necessary. Most of these it was possible to model from corresponding parts of the same individual, but in some cases comparative studies of related animals were used as a basis for modeling. It is intended to display the skeleton in three-quarters relief on a combined base and background, these reproducing so far as possible the [matrix from which the specimen was taken. In addition to the attention given to preparation and installation of new material, a large amount of time has been occupied in packing in preparation for removal to the new building. For the most part the collections packed have not been of exhibited material, it being deemed desirable to allow this to remain exhibited as long as possible. The study and stored collections have therefore been those which have been chiefly boxed. This work has so far progressed as now to include the vertebrate paleontological collections -which have been stored in the basement of the taxidermy building, and the entire study collections of vertebrate and invertebrate fossils, ores and other economic specimens, lithological Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 249 specimens and some apparatus. Careful records of the contents of each box have been made and each box has been marked in such a way as to secure its identification for unpacking and delivery at its appropriate destination in the new building. The record of the material packed during the year is as follows: Invertebrate fossils, 87 boxes; large field specimens of vertebrate fossils, 58 boxes; smaller vertebrate fossils, 48 boxes; lithology specimens, 27 boxes; ores, 67 boxes; apparatus and miscellaneous, 22 boxes and 22 barrels; relief maps, 10 boxes, making a total of 331 barrels and boxes. In the Department of Zoology the work of the year has been largely directed to matters looking toward removal to new quarters. This has involved some rearrangement of specimens, some elimination of un- desirable material, considerable planning and estimating and actual packing. The usual care in preventing damage to specimens from insects has been exercised. The skin dresser has been occupied chiefly in preparing skins of large mammals which have been in the possession of the Museum for a number of years but which, owing to pressure of other work, have remained in the raw state. These were found in good condition. Recently obtained skins, principally from South America, also were dressed for permanent preservation or for mounting. Plans for moving specimens of mammals and birds have been made by which the majority of such specimens will be packed in the storage cases where they are now kept and thus they may remain accessible until shortly before the actual time of moving. Considerable progress has been made in packing other material. In Taxidermy, a large number of casts and material for preparing bird and mammal groups has been boxed or crated and similar material not required for immediate use, including field equipment, etc., has also been packed. The collection of leg bones of large mammals reserved for mounting has been reassorted, relabeled, and packed after the elimination of duplicate or unnecessary specimens. Revision of the synoptic exhibit of mammals has continued and a number of specimens have been provided with new bases, while a few others have been set aside for remounting. A large mounted elephant seal was discarded. A group of the common Ruffed Grouse or “part- ridge” of the Northeastern United States was installed, completing a four-section case of local bird groups. It shows a pair of old birds and their nest under a log, the old female just leaving her eggs in fright at a raccoon which is approaching. A painted background shows a scene from the Forest of Arden near Joliet, Illinois, and the foreground shows an attractive reproduction of characteristic shrubs and smaller plants. The following four groups are now included in this, the latest of the four-section bird cases: Winter Bird of Lake Michigan; Bird Life of 250 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Fox Lake; Winter Bird Life of Northern Illinois, and Ruffed Grouse in its Summer Home. The several animals for the group of American Bison provided through the generosity of Mr. Arthur B. Jones and mentioned in a former report, were mounted during the year; but owing to the large size of the group and the difficulty of obtaining a proper case for it, the final installation was postponed until after removal to the new building. Therefore the animals, mounted on movable bases, have been temporarily placed on exhibition without background or accessories in a large case in the Rotunda of the Museum. Additions to the synoptic exhibition of mammals have been few, the most important being a large male specimen of the extraordinary baboon known as the Mandrill. Work has progressed on accessory material for projected groups of large mammals, especially that of the Olympic Elk, for which the painted background and the specimens of the animals have been in hand for some time. The exhibition work of the Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology was almost wholly of a preparatory character, it being considered unwise to install new material prior to the time of moving. Three snakes (two rattle-snakes and one fox snake), mounted on sanded bases, were the only specimens placed on exhibition during the year. A few fishes already on exhibition were remounted for more effective dis- play. All of the sixty food and game fishes of the Mississippi River, obtained by a Museum Expedition in 1917, were mounted. After con- siderable planning and experimenting, a type of habitat group for small fishes was developed which promises gratifying results. A sample group which has been prepared shows an excellent sub-aquatic effect, an improvement on groups previously prepared. This group is installed in one of the rectangular glass jars originally designed for the display of fishes in fluid, a practice which has proved by experience in both this Museum and elsewhere to be unsuccessful. By using the type of habitat group mentioned above, seventy-two of the more important of the smaller local fishes can attractively be displayed in their proper en- vironmental setting, in the two twelve-foot cases now utilized for the unsatisfactory exhibition of fishes in fluid. In addition to the actual work outlined above, the whole fish exhibit plans for the new Museum have received further consideration. The number of cases to be used, and to a large degree the detailed contents of each case, have been de- cided upon. The replacing of the old bottles of varied sorts now used in the collection of the Division with a more uniform and more economical type of specimen jar has been continued. The supply of such jars pur- chased in 1917 having been largely absorbed in the collection, a new order for 97 dozen jars of appropriate sizes was placed and filled. The most noteworthy work to which the Division of Entomology was de- Jan., 1919. Annual Report op the Director. 251 voted during the first five months of the year was the completing of an exhibit of scorpions and centipedes and the making of a sample habitat group of insects. Some time also was spent on a group that will represent, the well-known and injurious tomato worm in its usual surroundings. The scorpion and centipede exhibit consists of a series of special tablet mounts, of which 29 contain different species of scorpions; 2 show harm- less but much feared whip-tailed scorpions, 3 the agile solpugids, the nature of which has been the subject of much controversy, 1 1 illustrate some of the giant spiders including the tarantulas and trap-door spiders, and 14 tablets contain examples of the larger and hence more poisonous centipedes. This series of specimens with their labels occupies seven of the twelve panels in one of the new A-cases. As an experiment as to what might be done in the way of making groups of insects with accessor- ies to represent natural surroundings, there was prepared a sample case containing the most conspicuous and characteristic insects found in the sand dune region. The group was regarded as a step in the right direc- tion and a case was ordered capable of accommodating two groups and a space for illustrated labels. In addition to the above mentioned groups, the silkworm exhibit was also completed by supplementing photographs illustrating the industry in Japan and by the installation of suitable descriptive labels. The Barnes-Poling collection of moths was taken from the unsafe boxes in which it was received several years ago and transferred to insect-proof drawers. As a result of this work these insects are now arranged systematically in safe, glass-topped drawers and the storage or shipping boxes have been returned to the donors of the col- lection. Considerable preliminary work was essential before the insects in the laboratory could be actually packed for moving. This was espec- ially true of the large number of specimens that were simply lying loose in shallow trays. As they could not be safely moved in this condition, they were relaxed and then placed between layers of .cotton in small boxes. Every specimen in the Strecker collection were next examined in order to ascertain whether its pin was held securely, and, as a precau- tionary measure, all of the large butterflies and moths were secured by pins so as to prevent them from turning. The other pinned material was treated in a similar manner, but for the insects packed in papers and in small boxes different protective measures were adopted. A limited number of the loose specimens were pinned and labeled, because they could be more safely shipped in that condition. In order that the cases containing insects could be put in proper place in the new building, it was quite evident that they should be numbered before any attempt was made to pack the exhibits. This work was promptly given attention and all of the cases are now numbered so as to correspond with the 252 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. numbered space assigned to them on the floor plans of the exhibition- halls. Little was done toward completing the re-installation of the shell exhibit. Fifteen skeletons that were stored in Taxidermy were turned over to the Division of Osteology. These were prepared, catalogued and index cards written for the same. Eighty-seven skulls were cleaned for the Division of Mammalogy. Three skeletons were cleaned for the collection of Comparative Osteology. Since the middle of May the entire time of the Assistant Curator has been devoted to packing skulls and skeletons for moving. During that time fifty-three boxes and crates of large skulls and skeletons were packed. Six drawers of the storage cabinet were packed with small ligamentary skeletons. The N. w. Harris Public School Extension of Field museum of Natural history. — At the close of the year there were 588 cases available for circulation among the public schools of Chicago. It is very gratifying to be able to report that despite a reduction in the number of the staff, owing to the enlistment of two of its members in the United States Army and the resignation of another, fifty-four cases were installed during the year. It was necessary to alter hanging and increase storage facilities for cases in order to accommodate 250 new cases. It may be said, and with some pride, that the type of case originally adopted by this Department continues to meet the many demands made upon it. The schedule prepared at the beginning of the year for the delivery of cases to public schools during the scholastic year was maintained, except for a period of several days during the early part of January, when deep snow pre- vented delivery of cases to schools. In connection with civic activities held on the Municipal Pier during the summer, a loan of cases from this Department was requested. During the first part of July twelve cases were sent to the pier in compliance with this request. After these cases had been on exhibition but a few days, the Superintendent of the pier, in a communication, expressed his and the public’s appreciation of 4 ‘the very interesting and highly educational exhibits” and adding “ these exhibits are studied with great interest by young and old, and many enthusiastic statements are made concerning them. They are a real attraction to the pier and I am writing you for the purpose of asking you to supplement the present exhibit.” In compliance with this later request, twelve cases were sent. The twenty-four cases were on exhibition in a large, well-lighted hall, in which were also exhibited paintings and sculptures. A request was granted to the Twenty-sixth Ward Woman’s Civic League for several cases to be exhibited in the field house in Welles Park for the purpose of illustrating a lecture on the extension work of the Museum. The Curator of the Children’s Museum of Brooklyn stated in a communication received early in the FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XL Posterior half of a Skeleton of the rare Oligocene Aquatic rhinoceros, Metamynodon. Collected in South Dakota by Museum Expedition of 1905, Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 253 year, that their Museum was raising by popular subscription a sum of money to be expended in extending the Museum in the public schools of that city, and requested the loan of a typical case of this Department together with the motion picture film showing methods of storing, de- livering cases, etc., which was shown at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition as a part of this Department’s exhibit there. In making this request the Curator stated: “The N. W. Harris Public School Exten- sion has set a glorious example for the whole land and an example which I hope we will be able to follow with success. It would help us out immensely and be of great assistance in educating the people up to the meaning of loan collections, and it would have much to do with the success of our campaign.” A case and the motion picture film were sent as requested. After using them for several weeks for the purpose desired, an extension of the time of the loan of the case was asked. In support of this request it was stated, “ The case and motion picture film were being used quite effectively, and that people here seem to be delighted with the conception of such a loan, and the comments are uniformly enthusiastic.” Requests for information concerning con- struction of cases, methods of installing, distributing and loaning them have been received from various institutions. Photography and illustration. — The following is a tabulation of the work performed in this Section during the year: Number of Negatives made Number of Prints made Number of Lantern Slides made Number of Negatives Developed for Expe- dition Number of 6Kx8K Positives made. Used in making large Negatives General 213 Anthropology 63 503 Botany 41 98 4 Geology 49 Zoology 10 29 Harris Extension .... 24 25 10 Gift 70 I Sale 95 32 Totals l6l 1,082 33 10 4 Total number of Catalogue entries during 1918 . 1,290 Total number of Catalogue entries to December 31, 1918 . . 119.138 Total number of Record Books 20 254 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. printing. — The number of labels and other impressions made by the Section of Printing during the year is as follows: Anthropology Botany Geology Zoology General Library Harris Extension Exhibition Other Labels Impressions 2,341 8,210 2,167 10,140 2,529 7,000 1,902 6,700 22,400 1,900 551 150 Herewith are also submitted financial statements, list of accessions, names of members, etc. Frederick J. V. Skiee, Director. Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 255 Financial Statement. RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS. January 1, 1918, to December 31, 1918. Receipts Cash in Treasurer’s hands December 31, 1917: General Fund $2,417.05 Picture Post Card Fund 275 . 25 Endowment Sinking Fund 243 . 83 Petty Cash on hand December 31, 1917 Dues of Annual Members Admissions and Check Rooms South Park Commissioners Interest on Investments and Bank Balances .... Field Endowment Income Field Endowment Sinking Fund Field Endowment Sinking Fund Income New Building Moving and Furnishing Fund . Picture Post Cards — Sales Mrs. Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Fund . Arthur B. Jones Buffalo Group Fund Joseph N. Field South Pacific Islands Fund . Sundry Funds — Investments Interest Sundry Receipts Donations — special Homer E. Sargent $ 250 . 00 Charles R. Crane 500 . 00 Edward E. Ayer 50.00 $ 2,936.13 739-95 810.00 3.721.05 15,000.00 9.505. 17 131,500.00 4,676.26 1,477.87 23,885.00 595 42 8,490.00 138.59 648 . 00 5,198.91 357.18 800 . 00 $210,479.53 256 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Disbursements Salaries $74,945 . 04 Guard Service 11,347.66 Janitor Service 6,528.80 Fire Protection 4,177.96 Heat and Light 22,487.19 Repairs and Alterations: Wages — Carpenters, Painters and Roofers . . . . $8,784.08 Material used — Lumber, Paint, Oils and Glass . . 335.62 9,119.70 Packing Supplies 2,000.27 Furniture and Fixtures 512.00 The Library: Books and Periodicals $554 . 53 Binding 320.67 Sundries 57-90 933-10 Collections Purchased 1,243.82 Installation Supplies 2,229.94 Publications 2,449.55 Picture Post Cards 9.00 Sections of Photography and Printing — Supplies . . . 300 . 56 General Expense Account: Freight, Expressage and Teaming $1,288.49 Stationery, Postage and Telephone 551-33 Liability Insurance 670 . 8 1 Sundries 1,020.20 3,530.83 Mrs. Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Fund .... 7,781.80 Stanley Field Ornithology Fund 15.00 William J. Chalmers Crystal Fund 165.30 Arthur B. Jones Buffalo Group Fund 28.59 Life Memberships Fund — Investments 1,800.00 Endowment Sinking Fund — Investments 6,050 . 00 New Building Moving and Furnishing Fund — Investments 27,995.00 Sundry Funds — Investments 17,560. 00 ! Employers Liberty Loan Bonds 3,035.00 In Treasurer’s hands, December 31, 1918: General Fund $3,103.19 Picture Post Cards Fund 42.32 Endowment Sinking Fund 347*96 3,493-47 Petty Cash on hand, December 31, 1918 739 -9f $210,479.5. Jan., 1919. Annual Report oe the Director. 257 ATTENDANCE AND RECEIPTS FROM JANUARY 1, DECEMBER 31, 1918. Attendance Paid Attendance: Adults 12,530 Children 1,240 Free Admission on Pay Days: School Children 7, 790 Students 3,154 Teachers 545 Members 37 Officers’ Families 44 Press 2 Special 643 Admissions on Free Days: Saturdays 28,035 Sundays 103,021 *Total Attendance Highest Attendance on any one day (August 18, 1918) . Highest Paid Attendance on any one day (July 4, 1918) Average Daily Admissions (350 days) Average Paid Attendance (259 days) . Receipts Articles checked — 9,291 at 5 cents each Admissions 1918, TO 13,770 12,215 131,056 157,041 5,692 372 448 53 $ 464 -55 3,256.50 *Museum closed fifteen days during the year. #3,721.05 258 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Accessions. DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY. AYER, EDWARD E., Chicago. 1 Mexican metate with muller — Monterey, California (gift). CHRISTIE, EMERSON B., Washington, D. C. Pottery and porcelain fragments from caves — Bohol, Philippine Islands (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Purchases: 1 bone awl, 2 coarse mats, 1 decorated mat, 5 detached bones, 2 dressed antelope hides, 1 rabbit-fur blanket, 1 skeleton of child with shell necklace, 1 skull of woman, 5 wooden implements — Cave in Val Verde County, Texas. 2 Tolowa buckskin dresses, 1 Tolowa feather head-dress, 1 Tolowa stone dish, 1 Yurok feather head-dress — California. 2 sacred bundles of the Sauk and Fox — Tama, Iowa. JOSEPH N. FIELD SOUTH PACIFIC ISLANDS FUND. 4 trophy skulls — British New Guinea (gift). GUNSAULUS, FRANK W., Chicago. Painted screen of the Tosa School, 13th century — Japan (gift). HAMILTON, THEODORE, Cleveland, Ohio. Necklace of boar’s tusks — Impur, Naga Hills, Assam, India (exchange). HARVEY, CHARLES A., Chicago. Archaeological material — Marblehead, Adams County, Illinois (gift). HOEFELD, NORMAN A., Chicago. Collection of ethnological objects, chiefly from the Ute — Colorado (gift). MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN, New York City. 342 pottery fragments, 29 shell implements, no stone implements — West Indies (exchange). 91 clay figures, 13 specimens bronze, carved stone and bead necklace, 123 pottery vessels, 41 spindle- whorls, 20 stone implements — Ecuador (exchange) . NARJAL, H. W., Chicago. 1 pair Eskimo skin boots, 1 suit chain mail — Alaska and Sweden (gift). 5 pieces tapa cloth, 3 war clubs, shell and seed ornaments, miscellaneous objects — Samoa, South Sea (gift). PARSONS, ELSIE CLEWS, New York City. 8 prayer sticks — Zuni, New Mexico (gift). SARGENT, HOMER E., Pasadena, California. 1 blanket with colored designs of Lower Thompson Indians, B. C. — Spuz- zum, British Columbia (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLI Type of Case Loaned to Public Schools by The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum. Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 259 WATSON, J. A., Chicago. Miscellaneous textiles from northern Mexico, Liberia, and Canary Islands (gift). DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY. AMERICAN CUTLERY COMPANY, Chicago. 8 specimens woods used for handles for cutlery — various localities (gift). AMES BOTANICAL LABORATORY, North Easton, Massachusetts. 8 herbarium specimens — Philippine Islands (exchange). BUREAU OF SCIENCES, Manila, Philippine Islands. 374 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). Centuria 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, “Species Blancoanae” — Philippine Islands (exchange). BECKWITH, MISS FLORENCE, Rochester, New York. 89 herbarium specimens — Illinois, Indiana and Kansas (gift). BRAINERD, EZRA, Middlebury, Vermont. 2 herbarium specimens — Vermont (gift). BROADWAY, W. E., Tobago, British West Indies. 3 herbarium specimens — Barbadoes (gift). BUSH, BENJAMIN F., Courtney, Missouri. 4 herbarium specimens — Missouri (gift). CLOKEY, IRA W., Denver, Colorado. 177 herbarium specimens — Colorado and Wyoming (exchange). COLTON, MRS. THERON, Chicago. 13 herbarium specimens — Illinois and Indiana (gift). DEAM, CHARLES C., Bluff ton, Indiana. 20 herbarium specimens — Indiana (gift). EVANS, ALEXANDER W., New Haven, Connecticut. 35 herbarium specimens — Mexico (gift). FARRINGTON, O. C., Chicago. 2 specimens sphagnum moss — Maine (gift). FLYNN, MRS. NELLIE F., Burlington, Vermont. 12 herbarium specimens — Vermont (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collated by C. F. Millspaugh: 7 herbarium specimens — Chicago. Transfer from Department of Anthropology: 1 specimen lace bark — Jamaica. Transfer from Department of Geology: 1 fossil cryptozoo n — Saratoga, New York. Transfer from Section of Photography: 7 photographs of types — herbarium. Purchases: 753 herbarium specimens — China and Japan. 457 herbarium specimens — Philippine Islands. 299 herbarium specimens — Argentina. 306 herbarium specimens — California and Oregon. Mrs. Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratory: Reproduction in glass and wax of pitcher-leaf plant, sectioned leaf, enlarged flowers; Sausage-tree fruits; Candle- tree fruits. 260 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Reproductions of Poison Ivy plant in leaf, flower and fruit; poison ivy enlarged flowers; Mango fruits and leaves; Kemang fruit and leaves. 12 reproductions in glass of species of Flagellatae and Peridineae. Models in glass of Nostoc, Rivularia, Trichodesmium, Spirulina, Sporogyra. Reproductions of Gonocaryum pyriforme, branch flower and fruit, and enlarged flowers. Reproductions of Branch of Sassafras; enlarged flower and fruit of alligator pear and its fruit in section; Micro, plants of Lingbya, Oscillatoria, and ■ Ciathrocystis. Reproductions of plant, flowers and enlarged flowers of Bitter-sweet. Living plants of Calycanthus, Galax; fruits and seeds of Calycanthus; flowers in formalin, of Calycanthus, Galax, Diospyros. Reproductions in glass and wax of Galax plant and flowers; Grevillea flowers; Witch-hazel branch and flower; Catalpa flower. Reproductions of Trumpet-creeper vine; Catalpa flower; Indian Mulberry Fruit; Passion-flower vine; Fox-glove plant; Poppy flower; Arrow-head plant; Tuna Cactus fruits; Bladder- wort enlarged leaf and enlarged float. GATES, FRANK C., Carthage, Illinois. 390 herbarium specimens — Michigan (exchange). GRAY HERBARIUM, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 1 photograph of Vellozo’s plate 25, Xanthium brasilicum (exchange). JEPSON, WILLIS L., Berkeley, California. 1 herbarium specimen — California (gift). JOHNSON, ARTHUR E., Chicago. 68 herbarium specimens — Illinois (gift). LANSING, O. E., Jr., Chicago. 2 fruits and seeds of Staphylea — Jackson Park, Chicago (gift). LAUFER, BERTHOLD, Chicago. 1 specimen dried opium — Hankow, China (gift). LEWIS, A. B., Chicago. 1 specimen of fungus — Jackson Park, Chicago (gift). MATRACIA, A., San Jose, California. 1 ripe fruiting frond of Tuna cactus — his cultivation (gift). MILLSPAUGH, CHARLES F., Chicago. 183 herbarium specimens — North Carolina and Illinois (gift). 1 18 herbarium specimens — Wisconsin and Illinois (gift). 1 photograph of type of Xanthium canadense — London (gift). 1 photograph of type of Xanthium echinatum Mur. in herbarium de Candolle, Geneva — Italy (gift). I photograph of co-type of Xanthium oviforme in herbarium British Museum, London — Washington (gift). MILLSPAUGH, CLARA MITCHELL, Chicago. II herbarium specimens — North Carolina (gift). NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, New York City. 217 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). 44 herbarium specimens — Jamaica (exchange). 148 herbarium specimens — Jamaica and Inagua Island (exchange). NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM, Albany, New York. 1 photograph of “Cryptozoon Ledge” — Lester Park, Saratoga, New York (gift). Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 26l POPE, MRS. FREDERIQUE EUGENIA, Racine, Wisconsin. 1 photograph of Linnaea boralis in situ — Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin (gift). 1 herbarium specimen — Beach, Illinois (gift). RIDGWAY, ROBERT, Olney, Illinois. 1 photograph of Tacoma radicans — ■ Richmond County, Illinois (gift). 267 herbarium specimens — Illinois and Indiana (gift). SEELEY, MR., Asheville, North Carolina. 2 specimens wool, dyed with walnut bark and hickory bark — Asheville, North Carolina (gift). SHERFF, EARL E., Chicago. 188 herbarium specimens — various localities (gift). 1 herbarium specimen — Nukahiva Island (gift). 2 descriptions of species — Library (gift). 281 herbarium specimens — various localities (gift). 10 herbarium specimens — Illinois (gift). SHULL, CHARLES A., Lawrence, Kansas. 4 type specimens of Xanthium — Kansas (gift). STONE, FRANK B.f Chicago. 1 specimen fungus — Chicago (gift). TUNDUZ, ADOLF, San Josd, Costa Rica. 3 herbarium specimens— -Costa Rica (gift). U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, Washington, D. C. Division of Plants: 246 herbarium specimens — various localities (exchange). 19 photographs of types — Herbarium (exchange). UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, Chicago. Department of Botany: 2 herbarium specimens, type — China (gift). Department of Geology: 13 1 1 specimens, Herbarium of William Hall (gift). WHERRY, EDGAR T., Washington, D. C. 3 herbarium specimens — West Virginia (gift). WILSON & COMPANY, LABORATORIES, Chicago. 15 palm products — Brazil (gift). DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY. AMERICAN MANGANESE COMPANY, Chicago. 1 specimen manganese ore — Laramie, Wyoming (gift). AUSTRALIAN MINING MUSEUM, Sydney, New South Wales. 11 specimens minerals — Australia (exchange). AXEL, CHARLES O., Chicago. 1 specimen gold-silver ore — Platoro, Colorado (gift). BAILEY, E. S., Chicago. 2 specimens radium ore — Wyoming (gift). BRIGHAM, ALEXANDER FAY, New York City. 33 specimens gem and other minerals associated with the diamond — Jagers- fontein, South Africa (gift). 262 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. CHALMERS, W. J., Chicago. 42 specimens crystals — various localities (gift). 26 specimens crystals — various localities (gift). 21 specimens crystals — various localities (gift). COOPER, E. R., Rochester, New York. 1 specimen volcanic ash — Yukon Crossing, Alaska (gift). FARGO, L. W., Chicago. 1 specimen titaniferous iron ore — Cook County, Minnesota (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by B. E. Dahlgren: 83 specimens fossils and ores — Huntsville, Alabama. Collected by H. W. Nichols: 1 specimen Niagara Limestone — Clarendon Avenue, Chicago. Purchases: 3 mineral specimens — Utah. Type specimen of Paolia superba — Mazon Creek, Illinois. FISHER, MRS. H. S., Chicago. 15 specimens minerals and fossils — various localities (gift). GALLAGHER, J. F., Chicago. 1 specimen chalk, Scotia, Nebraska (gift). GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY, Chicago. 1 painting of Rome Glacier — Montana (gift). HAM, FLOYD, Twin Falls, Idaho. 1 specimen soda niter — Malheur County, Oregon (gift). HARRIS, B. E., Chicago. 1 specimen quartzite breccia — Arkansas (gift). HUBBS, CARL L., San Diego, California. 9 specimens ores and minerals — California (gift). KANST, EDWIN A., Chicago. 1 specimen black earth, Chicago, (gift). NICHOLS, CARRIE R., Waltham, Massachusetts. 7 specimens fossil shells — Canal near West Palm Beach, Florida (gift). OSGOOD, S. W., Chicago, 2 specimens synthetic graphite — South Chicago (gift). PATENT VULCANITE ROOFING COMPANY, Chicago. 5 specimens crushed rock for roofing — various localities (gift). PAYSON, C. H., Watseka, Illinois. I specimen volcanic tuff — Pocatello, Idaho (gift). FROKES, JOSEPH N., Jackson, Minnesota. 14 specimens calcareous tufa — Jackson, Minnesota (exchange). SCHOLZ, CARL, Chicago. Photograph of fossil tree — Alderson, Oklahoma (gift). TUNNELL, G. G., Jr., Evanson, Illinois. I I specimens minerals and rocks — California, Arizona and Mew Mexico (gift). UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, Chicago. Skull of Permian reptile — Brush Creek, Texas (exchange). 24 specimens of Permian reptiles — Texas (exchange). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLI Figure of Woman from Central Tibet, in Festive Attire. Complete with Jewelry. Jan., 1919. 263 Annual Report of the Director. DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY. ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA 33 Atherine and Cyprinoid fishes — various localities (exchange). ALLEN, MRS. HARRY, Rockford, Illinois. 2 sponges — Florida (gift). AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, New York City. 2 bees — New Jersey and Long Island (exchange). BARNES, WILLIAM, Decatur, Illinois. 2950 moths — Canada, United States and Mexico (gift). BLATCHLEY, W. S., Indianapolis, Indiana. 1 beetle — Dunedin, Florida (gift). COALE, HENRY K., Highland Park, Illinois. 2 jays — Amami Oshima, Loo Choo Islands (gift). COE COLLEGE, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 375 fishes, amphibians and reptiles — British Honduras (exchange). COVERT, A. B., Hannibal, Missouri. 1 silver-haired bat — South Haven, Michigan (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Purchases: 2 odd skulls, 1 1 South American mammals with skulls — French Guiana, South America. 5 glacier bears — skins and skulls — Yakutat, Alaska. 5 mounted fishes — England. 5 small mammals — South America. 3 thick-billed parrots — Paradise, Arizona. 2 waterbugs — Rio Blanco at Orizaba, Mexico. Transfer from Department of Anthropology: 1 crocodile skull — New Guinea. STANLEY FIELD ORNITHOLOGY FUND. 1 passenger pigeon (gift). FRIESSER, JULIUS, Chicago. 2 beetles — Chicago (gift). GERHARD, WILLIAM J., Chicago. 1 tree frog — Illinois (gift). GUERET, MRS. E. N., Chicago. 1 bug — Dawson County, Montana (gift). GUNTHER, F. E., La Crosse, Wisconsin. 1 extra large sheepshead — Lake Pepin (gift). HUBBS, CARL L., Chicago. 7 Atherinoid fishes — southern and lower California (gift). 133 dragonflies, grasshoppers, moths, flies, bees, wasps and parasites — Cali- fornia (gift). 7 reptiles and amphibians — California (gift). 2 snakes — Pacific Beach, California (gift). 1 1 toads — Indiana (gift). 4 turtles — northern Indiana (gift). 15 water bugs — California (gift). KEEDY, H. W., Chicago. 2 fresh- water fishes — Florida (gift). 264 Field Museum oe Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. KWIAT, ALEXANDER, Chicago. 1 cicada — Palos Park, Illinois (gift). LILJEBLAD, E., Chicago. 13 ant-lions, bugs, beetles, and velvet-ants — northern Indiana and northern Illinois (gift). 3 salamanders and lizards — Illinois (gift). NARJAL, H. W., Chicago. 1 snake skin — San Josd, Costa Rica (gift). NOLAN, MRS. M. C., Chicago. 54 mounted birds, 10 mounted mammals — Pennsylvania and Kansas (gift). ODELL, C. L., Chicago. 1 dobson (male) — Geneva, Illinois (gift). PRAY, LEON L., Chicago. 8 bird-lice — Illinois (gift). 10 fishes — Michigan (gift). 8 frogs and toads — Michigan (gift). RAMSDEN, CHARLES T., Guantanamo, Cuba. 12 birds — Cuba (gift). SAN DIEGO SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY, San Diego, California. 4 fishes and salamanders — southern California (exchange). WALTERS, LEON L., Chicago. 6 catfishes — Chicago Ridge, Illinois (gift). WEISS, HARRY B., New Brunswick, New Jersey. 3 beetles — Summit and Riverton, New Jersey (gift). WILLIAMSON, E. B., Bluffton, Indiana. 1 albino red squirrel — Bluffton, Indiana (gift). WOLCOTT, A. B.( Chicago. 20 sawflies — Chicago (gift). SECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHY. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Made by Section: 1290 negatives and prints of Museum specimens. THE LIBRARY. BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, AND SERIALS (accessions are by exchange unless otherwise designated.) AFRICA Durban Museum 2 East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society, Nairobi 1 Geological Society, Johannesburg 2 Rhodesia Scientific Association, Bulawayo 1 Royal Society, Cape Town 1 South African Association for Advancement of Science, Cape Town . . 1 South African Museum, Cape Town 2 ARGENTINA Academia de Ciencias, Cordoba 1 Facultad de Filosofia y Letras, Buenos Aires 1 Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 265 AUSTRALIA Austalian Museum, Sydney . 1 Australian Ornithologists’ Union, Melbourne 1 Botanic Gardens and Government Domains, Sydney 1 Department of Agriculture, Adelaide 1 Department of Agriculture, Sydney 1 Department of Fisheries, Sydney . 2 Department of Mines, Sydney . . 4 Field Naturalists’ Club, Melbourne 1 Forestry Commission, Sydney (gift) 2 Geological Survey, Perth 3 Government of the Commonwealth, Melbourne 3 Linnean Society of New South Wales, Sydney 1 National Herbarium, Melbourne 1 Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery, Adelaide 1 Public Library, Museums and National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne . 2 Queensland Department of Mines, Brisbane 4 Royal Society of New South Wales, Sydney 1 Royal Society of Queensland, Brisbane 2 Royal Society of Tasmania, Hobart . 2 Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne . 1 South Australia Ornithological Society, Adelaide 1 Tasmania Department of Agriculture, Hobart 2 Technical Museum, Sydney 1 Victoria Department of Agriculture, Melbourne 2 Western Australia Geological Survey, Perth 2 BRAZIL Bibliotheca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro . 1 Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medicina Veterinaria, Pinheiro 1 Instituto Agronomico de Estado, Sao Paulo 1 Instituto Archeologico e Geographico Pemambucano, Recife . . . . 1 BRITISH GUIANA Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society, Demerara 1 CANADA British Columbia Bureau of Mines 1 Department of Agriculture, Ottawa 7 Department of Agriculture, Victoria 2 Department of Marine and Fisheries, Ottawa 1 Department of Mines, Ottawa 2 Department of Mines, Victoria 1 Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Ottawa 8 Horticultural Societies of Ontario, Toronto 1 McGill University, Montreal 3 Minister of Education, Toronto 1 Naturaliste Canadien, Quebec 1 Numismatics and Antiquarian Society, Montreal 1 Ottawa Field Naturalists’ Club, Ottawa 1 Provincial Museum, Victoria 1 Royal Canadian Institute, Toronto 1 Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa 1 266 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. CEYLON Royal Botanic Garden, Peradeniya 2 CHILE Biblioteca Nacional, Santiago de Chile I CHINA Botanical and Forestry Department, Hong-Kong I Royal Asiatic Society, North China Branch, Shanghai i DENMARK Naturhistorisk Forening, Copenhagen 2 Socidt6 Royale des Antiquit6s du Nord, Copenhagen 3 FIJI ISLANDS Fijian Society, Suva, Fiji Islands (gift) .1 FRANCE Acad€mie des Sciences, Paris 2 L’Ecole Langues Orientales Vivantes, Paris 3 Mus6um National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris 1 La Nature, Paris 1 Society de Gdographie, Paris 1 Socidtd de G6ographie, Toulouse 1 Soctetd Nationale d’Agriculture, Sciences et Arts, Angers 1 Socidtd Zoologique, Paris 1 GREAT BRITAIN Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, London . . . . 1 Ashmolean Natural History Society of Oxfordshire, Oxford 1 Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society 1 Brighton and Hove Natural History and Philosophical Society, Brighton . 1 Bristol Museum and Art Gallery 1 British Association for the Advancement of Science, London . . . . 1 British Museum (Natural History), London ......... 5 Cambridge Philosophical Society 1 Cambridge University Library 1 Cardiff Naturalists’ Society 1 Dove Marine Laboratory, Cullercoats, Northumberland 1 Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society, Dumfries I Fisheries Board, Edinburgh 1 Geographical Society, London 1 Great Britain Geological Survey, London 1 Imperial Bureau of Entomology, London 2 Imperial College of Science and Technology, London ....... 1 Japan Society of London 2 Lancashire Sea Fisheries Laboratories, Liverpool 1 Linnean Society, London Liverpool Biological Society Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society 1 Manchester Museum 1 Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth ... 2 National Museum of Wales, Cardiff 1 Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh 2 K) OJ Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 267 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2 Royal Colonial Institute, London 1 Royal Geographical Society, London 2 Royal Society, London I Royal Society of Arts, London I Royal Society of Edinburgh 2 Tring Zoological Museum I INDIA Anthropological Society, Bombay 2 Archaeological Survey, Calcutta 4 Archaeological Survey, Lahore 1 Botanical Survey, Calcutta 1 Department of Agriculture, Madras 1 Department of Agriculture, Pusa 2 Geological Survey, Calcutta I Government Museum, Madras 1 Hyderabad Archaeological Society (gift) 3 National Indian Association, Calcutta (gift) 1 Royal Asiatic Society, Straits Branch, Singapore . 3 Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta 1 Superintendent of Government Printing 2 ITALY Accademia Giornia di Scienze Naturali, Catania 1 Instituto Botanico DeH’Universita de Pavia 1 Instituto Geografico de Agostini, Novara 1 Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali, Milan I Societa Romana di Antropologia, Rome 1 JAPAN Bureau of Productive Industry Formosa Government, Taihoku 1 Geological Survey, Tokyo 1 Imperial University of Tokyo, College of Agriculture 1 Imperial University of Tokyo, College of Science 2 Tohoku Imperial University, Sendai 1 Tokyo Botanical Society 1 JAVA Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Batavia . . 2 Department of Agriculture, Buitenzorg 5 Department van Landbouw, Buitenzorg 3 Jardin Botanique, Buitenzorg 1 KOREA Government-General Chosen, Seoul 1 MEXICO Director General de Estadistica, Mexico 2 Instituto Geologico, Mexico 2 Sociedad Cientifica “Antonio Alzate,” Mexico 1 Sociedad Mexicana de Geografia y Estadistica, Mexico 2 NETHERLANDS Bataafsch Genootschap der Proefonde r-vindelijke Wijsbegeerte, Rotterdam 1 K. Bibliotheek, Hague 1 268 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. K. Instituut voor de Taal, Land-en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch Indie, ’s Gravenhage K. Nederlandsch Aardijkskundig Genootschap, Amsterdam 1 Rijks Ethnographisch Museum, Leiden 1 Rijks Museum van Natuurlijks Histoire, Leiden 2 NEW ZEALAND Auckland Institute and Museum, Wellington 2 Department of Agriculture, Wellington 1 Department of Mines, Wellington 2 Geological Survey, Wellington .... New Zealand Institute, Wellington . NORWAY Bergens Museum Physiografishe Forening, Christiania . Tromso Museum PERU Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Minas, Lima Sociedad Geografica, Lima ...... PORTUGAL Academia das Sciencias, Lisbon . . . . Institute D’Anatomie, Lisbon Soci6t6 Portugaise de Science Naturelle, Lisbon SPAIN Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid . 8 Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, Madrid . 2 SWEDEN K. Biblioteket, Stockholm 2 Svenska Sallskapet for Antropologi och Geografi, Stockholm . . .. . 1 SWITZERLAND Botanic Garden, Zurich 1 Mus6e d’Histoire Naturelle, Lausanne 1 Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Basel 1 Ostschweizerische Geograph. — Commerc. Gesellschaft, St. Gallen . . . 1 Soci6t6 Botanique de Geneve, Geneva 1 Soci£t6 de Physique et d’ Histoire Naturelle, Geneva .2 Soci6t6 des Sciences Naturelles, Fribourg 1 Soci6t6 Neuchateloise de G6ographie 2 Soci£t6 Zoologique de Geneve, Geneva 1 WEST INDIES Agricultural Experiment Station, Porto Rico I Biblioteca Nacional, Havana I Department of Agriculture, Kingston 1 Imperial Department of Agriculture, Barbadoes I Jamaica Institute, Kingston 1 Trinidad and Tobago Department of Agriculture, Port of Spain ... 2 Universidad de la Habana, Havana 2 Baker, R. T., Sydney, N. S. W 2 Best, Elsdon, Wellington, New Zealand (gift) 1 M W W M WWW Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 269 Carpenter, G. H., Dublin, Ireland 1 Chodat, R., Geneva, Switzerland (gift) 1 Costantin, M. J., Paris, France (gift) . . 1 Debenedetti, Salvador, Buenos Aires, Brazil (gift) 1 Despoil, Giuseppe, Malta 8 Dunod, H., Paris, France 3 Gleerup, C. W. K., Lund, Sweden 1 Lambe, Lawrence, Ottawa, Canada (gift) 1 Larrea, C. M., Quito, Ecuador (gift) 1 Lehmann, Netsche R., Buenos Aires, Brazil 1 Maiden, J. H., Sydney, N. S. W 1 Marshall, Sir John, Calcutta, India (gift) 1 Rosenburg, G. A., Copenhagen, Denmark (gift) 1 Steensby, H. P., Copenhagen, Denmark (gift) 1 ALABAMA Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn 1 ARIZONA Agricultural Experiment Station, Tucson 2 CALIFORNIA Agricultural Experiment Station, Berkeley 1 California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco 2 Cooper Ornithological Club, Hollywood . . . 1 Fish and Game Commission, San Francisco 1 Leland Stanford Junior University, Stanford University 2 Los Angeles County Museum of History, Science and Art 1 Pioneer Western Lumberman, Sacramento 1 Pomona College, Claremont 2 State Board of Forestry, Sacramento 1 State Mining Bureau, Sacramento 4 University of California, Berkeley 18 COLORADO Agricultural Experiment Station, Fort Collins I Bureau of Mines, Denver 1 Colorado College, Colorado Springs 1 Colorado Museum of Natural History, Denver 1 State Geological Survey, Boulder 3 CONNECTICUT Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven 2 American Oriental Society, New Haven 1 Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Haven 2 Hartford Public Library 2 Hartford Public Museum 1 Meriden Bird Club (gift) 2 Wesleyan University, New Haven 1 Yale University, New Haven 2 FLORIDA Florida Geological Survey, Tallahassee 2 GEORGIA Geological Survey, Atlanta 1 270 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. HAWAIIAN ISLANDS Agricultural Experiment Station, Honolulu 2 Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu 1 Board of Commissions of Agriculture and Forestry, Honolulu 1 Hawaiian Entomological Society, Honolulu 3 Honolulu Historical Society, 2 IDAHO Mining Industry, Boise 1 University of Idaho, Moscow 1 ILLINOIS Agricultural Experiment Station, Urbana 1 Art Institute of Chicago -.1 Chicago Academy of Sciences 3 Chicago Historical Society 1 Chicago Library Club (gift) Chicago Public Library 2 Engineering and Cement World, Chicago (gift) .1 Hardwood Record, Chicago (gift) 1 John Crerar Library, Chicago 3 Lake Forest College ... 1 Lewis Institute, Chicago 1 Newberry Library, Chicago I Northwestern University, Evanston 1 Open Court Publishing Company, Chicago 1 State Academy of Science, Springfield 1 State Board of Agriculture, Springfield 1 State Historical Library, Springfield 2 State Laboratory of Natural History, Urbana 1 Sweet, Wallach and Company, Chicago (gift) 1 University of Chicago 26 University of Illinois, Urbana 10 INDIANA Department of Geology and Natural History, Indianapolis 1 Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis 1 Purdue University, Lafayette 12 State Entomologist, Indianapolis (gift) 2 Studebaker Corporation, South Bend (gift) 1 University of Notre Dame 1 IOWA Academy of Sciences, Des Moines 1 Geological Survey, Des Moines 1 Iowa State College, Ames 6 Iowa State Horticultural Society, Des Moines 1 State Highway Commission, Des Moines 1 University of Iowa, Iowa City 2 KANSAS Academy of Science, Topeka 2 Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan 2 State Board of Agriculture, Topeka 1 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLI HABITAT GROUP Ruffed Grouse (“Partridge”) Bonasa umbellus (Linn.) A nesting pair disturbed by a Raccoon. Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 271 State Geological Survey, Lawrence 3 University of Kansas, Geological Survey, Lawrence 2 KENTUCKY Agricultural Experiment Station, Lexington 2 Kentucky Geological Survey, Lexington (gift) 2 LOUISIANA Agricultural Experiment Station, Baton Rouge 2 Department of Conservation, New Orleans (gift) 2 State Museum, New Orleans 1 MAINE Bowdoin College, Brunswick 2 State Horticulturalist, Waterville 1 State Library, Augusta 4 MARYLAND Agricultural Experiment Station, College Park 2 Enoch Pratt Free Library, Baltimore 2 Geological Survey, Baltimore 3 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 2 Maryland Institute, Baltimore 1 State Board of Forestry, Baltimore 2 MASSACHUSETTS Agricultural Experiment Station, Amherst 1 American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Boston 1 American Antiquarian Society, Boston 1 Amherst College 1 Archaeological Institute of America, Boston 1 Boston Museum of Fine Arts 2 Boston Public Library 2 Clark University, Worcester 1 Essex Institute, Salem 2 Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge 2 Harvard University, Gray Herbarium, Cambridge 2 Horticultural Society, Boston 2 New Bedford Free Public Library 2 Peabody Institute 1 Peabody Museum, Cambridge I Peabody Museum, Salem 2 Salem Public Library 2 Springfield City Library Association 1 Springfield Natural History Museum 1 Tufts College, Boston 1 Williams College, Williamstown 2 Worcester County Horticultural Society, Worcester 2 Worcester Free Public Library 1 MICHIGAN Academy of Sciences, Ann Arbor 1 Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College 3 Art and Museum Commissioners, Grand Rapids 1 Department of Parks and Boulevards, Detroit 1 272 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Detroit Museum of Art i Game, Fish and Forest Commission, Lansing (gift) i Geological and Biological Survey, Lansing 2 Grand Rapids Public Library 2 Michigan College of Mines, Houghton 1 National Educational Association of the United States, Ann Arbor 1 Parke Davis and Company, Detroit (gift) 1 State Board of Agriculture, Lansing 1 State Board of Library Commissions, Lansing 1 State Library, Lansing 1 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 2 MINNESOTA Academy of Sciences, Minneapolis 1 Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Paul 2 Minneapolis Society of Fine Arts 1 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 4 MISSISSIPPI Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College MISSOURI Agricultural Experiment Station, Columbia 1 Bureau of Geology and Mines, Jefferson City 2 City Art Museum, St. Louis 1 Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis 1 St. Louis Academy of Sciences 1 St. Louis Natural History Museum Association (gift) 1 St. Louis Public Library 2 St. Louis University 1 University of Missouri, Columbia .2 Washington University, St. Louis 2 NEBRASKA Agricultural Experiment Station, Lincoln I Game and Fish Commission, Lincoln (gift) 1 Public Library, Omaha 1 University of Nebraska, Lincoln .2 NEVADA Agricultural Experiment Station, Carson City 2 State University, Reno 2 NEW HAMPSHIRE Meriden Bird Club (gift) 1 NEW JERSEY Department of Conservation and Development, Trenton 2 Geological Survey, Trenton 1 Horticultural Society, Trenton 1 New Jersey Mosquito Extermination Association, Trenton (gift) ... 2 Newark Museum Association 2 Princeton University 1 Rutgers College, New Brunswick 1 State Agricultural Experiment Station, Trenton 1 State Museum, Trenton 2 Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 273 NEW YORK Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva 3 American Geographical Society, New York City 3 American Hellenic Society, New York City (gift) 1 American Institute of Mining Engineers, New York City 2 American Museum of Natural History, New York City .20 Brooklyn Botanic Garden 3 Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences 5 Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (gift) . 1 Columbia University, New York City 1 Conservation Commission, Albany (gift) 3 Cornell University, Ithaca 29 Forest and Stream Publishing Company, New York City 2 Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City 3 New York Academy of Sciences, New York City 1 New York Botanical Garden, New York City 1 New York Historical Society, New York City 2 Pratt Institute Free Library, Brooklyn 2 Public Library, New York City 1 Rochester Academy of Sciences 1 State College of Forestry, Syracuse 1 State Library, Albany 1 State Museum, Albany 8 Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences, New York City .... 2 Stone Publishing Company, New York City 2 Syracuse University 1 Zoological Society, New York City 2 NORTH CAROLINA Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, Chapel Hill 3 Geological and Economic Survey, Raleigh 1 OHIO Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster 2 Cincinnati Museum Association I Cleveland Art Museum 1 Cleveland Public Libraiy 2 Geological Survey, Columbus 3 Lloyd Library, Cincinnati 1 Marietta College 1 Oberlin College 1 State Archaeological and Historical Society, Columbus 1 State University, Columbus 8 University of Cincinnati 2 Wilson Ornithological Club, Oberlin 1 OKLAHOMA Geological Survey, Norman 5 OREGON State Forester, Salem 2 PENNSYLVANIA American Entomological Society, Philadelphia 4 274 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. American Journal of Pharmacy, Philadelphia I American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia I Association of Engineering Societies, Philadelphia I Bryn Mawr College I Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh 2 Carnegie Library, Pittsburgh 2 Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh 2 Engineers’ Society of Western Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh 1 Franklin Institute, Philadelphia 2 Pennsylvania Museum, Philadelphia 1 Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art, Philadelphia 1 Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences ; 1 Philadelphia Commercial Museum 1 State Department of Agriculture, Harrisburg 1 Sullivant Moss Society, Pittsburgh 1 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 2 Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia 1 PHILIPPINE ISLANDS Bureau of Education, Marftla 2 Department of Agriculture, Manila 1 Department of Interior, Bureau of Forestry, Manila 1 Department of Interior, Bureau of Science, Manila 8 Department of Public Instruction, Manila 2 RHODE ISLAND Roger Williams Park Museum, Providence 1 SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston Museum 1 SOUTH DAKOTA Agricultural Experiment Station, Brookings 2 Geological Survey, Vermillion 2 TENNESSEE Department of Game and Fish, Nashville (gift) 1 State Geological Survey, Nashville 2 TEXAS Scientific Society, San Antonio .1 UTAH Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan 1 VERMONT State Forester, Burlington 1 VIRGINIA State Library, Richmond 1 WASHINGTON State Geological Survey, Olympia 1 State Library, Seattle 1 State University, Seattle 4 WASHINGTON, D. C. American Academy in Rome 1 American Mining Congress 1 Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 275 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (gift) National Academy of Sciences 9 National Education Association (gift) 2* National Geographic Society 2* National Zoological Park 1 Pan-American Union 7 United States Government 541 WEST VIRGINIA Agricultural Experiment Station, Morgantown 2 WISCONSIN Academy of Sciences, Madison 1 Agricultural Experiment Station, Madison 2 Archaeological Society, Milwaukee 1 Beloit College 2 Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison 13 Natural History Society, Madison 1 State Historical Society, Madison I State Horticultural Society, Madison 2 University of Wisconsin, Madison 7 WYOMING Agricultural Experiment Station, Laramie 1 Ayer, Edward E., (gift) 3 Barnes, William, Decatur, Illinois 1 Beckwith, Florence, Rochester, New York (gift) 3 Burkholder, Walter H., Ithaca, New York (gift) 4 Casey, Thomas L., Washington, D. C. (gift) 2 Chalmers, William J., Chicago (gift) .1 Cockerell, T. D. A., Boulder, Colorado 14 Cole, Fay-Cooper, Chicago 1 Cook, Melville T., New Brunswick, New Jersey 3 Evans, Herbert H., Norfolk, Virginia (gift) 1 Farwell, Oliver A., Detroit, Michigan 2 Fernald, M. L., Cambridge, Massachusetts 2 Ford, W. E., New Haven, Connecticut (gift) 4 Freer, Charles L ., Detroit, Michigan (gift) 1 Gerhard, W. J., Chicago 16 Hall, Ivan C., Berkeley, California (gift) 6 Holland, W. J., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (gift) 1 Hubbs, Carl L., Chicago 94 Kendall, W. C., Washington, D. C 1 Knotts, A. F., Gary, Indiana (gift) 1 Laufer, Berthold, Chicago 9 Laurvik, J. Nilsen, San Francisco, California (gift) 1 Liljeblad, Emil, Chicago 1 McCrea, William S., Chicago (gift) 2 Mason, J. Alden, Chicago 2 Massey, L. M., Ithaca, New York 6 Merrill, Elmer D., Manila, Philippine Islands 58 Millspaugh, C. F., Chicago 30 276 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. Moore, Clarence S., Philadelphia 1 Morse, Edward S., Salem, Massachusetts 1 Osgood, W. H., Chicago 42 Owen, C. L., Chicago 2 Payser, W. A., Philadelphia 1 Penrose, R. A. F., Jr., Philadelphia 1 Randall, T. A. and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana ........ 1 Redfield, Casper L., Chicago (gift) 2 Sargent, C. S., Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts 1 Sawyer, W. H., Jr., Lewiston, Maine (gift) 1 Schaff, Wilfred H., Philadelphia (gift) 1 Starr, Frederick, Chicago . 2 Weir, James R., Missoula, Montana (gift) .33 Whitehouse, F. C., Red Deer, Alta, Canada (gift) 1 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLIV A TRUMPET-VINE REPRODUCED IN GLASS AND WAX. haracteristic plant of the Bignonia Family. 1 his reproduction natural size and five feet high. Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 277 Articles of Incorporation. STATE OF ILLINOIS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE. William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State. To All to Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting: Whereas, a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, a. d. 1893, for the organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO, under and in ac- cordance with the provisions of “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy of which certificate is hereto attached. Now, therefore , I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized Corporation under the laws of this State. In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the Great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the Inde- pendence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth. W. H. HINRICHSEN, [Seal.] Secretary of State. TO HON. WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN, Secretary of State: Sir: We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a corporation under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled “An Act Con- cerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby state as follows, to- wit: 1. The name of such corporation is the “COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO.” 2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dissemination of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illustrating Art, Archae- ology, Science and History. 3. The management of the aforesaid museum shall be vested in a Board of Fifteen (15) Trustees, five of whom are to be elected every year. 4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the first year of its corporate existence: Ed. E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davis, Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock, Emil G. Hirsch, 278 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, O. F. Aldis, Edwin Walker, John C. Black and Frank W. Gunsaulus. 5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook, and State of Illinois. {Signed), George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert McMurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchinson, Ebenezer Bucking- ham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H. Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Franklin H. Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers, Thomas B. Bryan, L. Z. Leiter, A. C. Bartlett, A. A. Sprague, A. C. McClurg, James W. Scott, Geo. F. Bissell, John R. Walsh, Chas. Fitzsimmons, John A. Roche, E. B. McCagg, Owen F. Aldis, Ferdinand W. Peck, James H. Dole, Joseph Stockton, Edward B. Butler, John McConnell, R. A. Waller, H. C. Chatfield-Taylor, A. Crawford, Wm. Sooy Smith, P. S. Peterson, John C. Black, Jno. J. Mitchell, C. F. Gunther, George R. Davis, Stephen A. Forbes, Robert W. Patterson, Jr., M. C. Bullock, Edwin Walker, George M. Pullman, William E. Curtis, James W. Ellsworth, William E. Hale, Wm. T. Baker, Martin A. Ryerson, Huntington W. Jackson, N. B. Ream, Norman Williams, Melville E. Stone, Bryan Lathrop, Eliphalet W. Blatchford, Philip D. Armour. State of Illinois ss. Cook County I, G. R. Mitchell, a Notary Public in and for said County, do hereby certify that the foregoing petitioners personally appeared before me and acknowledged severally that they signed the foregoing petition as their free and voluntary act for the uses and purposes therein set forth. Given under my hand and notarial seal this 14th day of September, 1893. G. R. MITCHELL, [Seal.] Notary Public, Cook County, III. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held the 25th day of June, 1894, the name of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM. A certificate to this effect was filed June 26, 1894, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held the 8th day of November, 1905, the name of the FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. A certificate to this effect was filed November 10, 1905, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 279 AMENDED BY-LAWS. (June 12, 1916.) ARTICLE I. MEMBERS. Section i. Members shall be of five classes, Annual Members, Corporate Members, Life Members, Patrons and Honorary Members. Sec. 2. Annual Members shall consist of such persons as are selected from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall pay an annual fee of ten dollars ($10.00), payable within thirty days after notice of election, and within thirty days after each recurring annual date. The failure of any person to make such initiatory payment and such annual payments within said time shall, at the option of the Board of Trustees, be sufficient grounds for the forfeiture of an annual membership. This said annual membership shall entitle the member to: First. — Free admittance for the member and family, to the Museum on any day. Second. — Ten tickets every year, admitting the bearer to the Museum on pay days. Third.— A copy of all publications of the Museum when requested. Fourth. — Invitations to all special exhibits, receptions, lectures, or other functions which may be given at the Museum. Sec. 3. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recommendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such persons named in the articles of incorporation shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of twenty dollars ($20.00) or more. The failure of any person to make such payment within said time, shall, at the option of the Board of Trustees, be ground for forfeiture of his corporate membership. Cor- porate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or Honorary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annual meetings of said Corporate Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual meeting of the Board of Trustees is held. Sec. 4. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of five hundred dollars ($500.00), at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues. Sec. 5. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent service to 280 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members. Sec. 6. Honorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous nomination of the Executive Committee. They shall be exempt from all dues. ARTICLE II. BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Section i. The Board of Trustees shall consist of fifteen members. The respective members of the Board now in office, and those who shall hereafter be elected, shall hold office during life. Vacancies occurring in the Board shall be filled at a regular meeting of the Board, upon the nomination of the Executive Committee made at a preceding regular meeting, by a majority vote of the members of the Board present. Sec. 2. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held on the second Monday of each month. Special meetings may be called at any time by the President, and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request of three Trustees. Five Trustees shall constitute a quorum, except for the election of officers or the adoption of the Annual Budget, when seven Trustees shall be required, but meetings may be ad- journed by any less number from day to day, or to a day fixed, previous to the next regular meeting. Sec. 3. Reasonable written notice, designating the time and place of holding meetings, shall be given by the Secretary. ARTICLE III. HONORARY TRUSTEES Section i. As a mark of respect, and in appreciation of services performed for the Institution, those Trustees who by reason of inability, on account of change of residence, or for other cause or from indisposition to serve longer in such capacity shall resign their place upon the Board, may be elected, by a majority of those present at any regular meeting of the Board, an Honorary Trustee for life. Such Honorary Trustee will receive notice of all meetings of the Board of Trustees, whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not have the right to vote. ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS. Section i. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a Second Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secretary and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President, the First Vice-President, and the Second Vice-President shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the second Monday of January of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting. Sec. 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their successors are elecied and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular meeting of the Jan., 1919. Annual Report op the Director. 281 Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting. Sec. 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE V. THE TREASURER. Section i. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corporation, except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents. But no warrants shall be issued, except in conformity with a regularly prepared voucher, giving the name of the payee and stating the occasion for the expenditure, and verified and approved as hereinafter prescribed. It shall be no part of the duties of the Treasurer to see that the warrants have been issued in conformity with such vouchers. Sec. 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the corporation shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect the income and prin- cipal of said securities as the same become due, and pay same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the joint order of the following officers, namely: The President or one of the Vice-Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance Committee of the Museum. Sec. 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such sureties, as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees. Sec. 4. All vouchers executed for the payment of liabilities incurred in the administration of the Museum, shall be verified by the Auditor, and approved for payment by the Director, and the Chairman of the Administration Committee. All vouchers executed for expenditures for the construction or reconstruction of the Museum building, or buildings, shall be verified by the Auditor and approved for payment by the Chairman of the Building Committee. All vouchers executed in connection with the investments of the Corporation, or, in any way having to do with the endowment funds of the Corporation, shall be verified by the Auditor and approved for payment by the Chairman of the Finance Committee. Sec. 5. The Harris Trust and Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Custodian of "The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum” fund. The Bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and counter- signed by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents. But no war- rant shall be issued, except in conformity with a regularly prepared voucher, giving the name of the payee and stating the occasion for the expenditure, and verified and approved by the Auditor, the Director and Chairman of the Administration Com- mittee. It shall be no part of the duties of the said Custodian to see that the war- rants have been issued in conformity with such vouchers. 282 Field Museum or Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. ARTICLE VI. THE DIRECTOR. Section i. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum, who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have immediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations of the institution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Committees. The Director shall be the official medium of communication between the Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force. Sec. 2. There shall be four scientific departments of the Museum — Anthro- pology, Botany, Geology and Zoology, each under the charge of a Curator, subject to the authority of the Director. The Curators shall be appointed by the Board upon the recommendation of the Director, and shall serve during the pleasure of the Board. Subordinate staff officers in the scientific departments shall be appointed and removed by the Director upon the recommendation of the Curators of the respective Departments. The Director shall have authority to employ and remove all other employees of the Museum. Sec. 3. The Director shall make report to the Board at each regular meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the previous month. At the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual Report, reviewing the work of the Museum for the previous year, which Annual Report shall be published in pamphlet form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free distribution in such number as the board may direct. ARTICLE VII. AUDITOR. Section 1. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his office during the pleasure of the Board. He shall keep proper books of account, setting forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, and of the Museum, and report thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other times as may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all vouchers for the expenditure of the money of the corporation. ARTICLE VIII. COMMITTEES. Section i. There shall be six Committees as follows: Finance, Building, Auditing, Pension, Administration and Executive. Sec. 2. The Finance, Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of three members, and the Building and Administration Committees shall each consist of five members. All members of these five Committees shall be elected by ballot by the Board at the Annual Meeting, and shall hold office for one year, and until their successors are elected and qualified. In electing the members of these Com- mittees, the Board shall designate the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the members are named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be Chairman, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named, Second Vice-Chairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event of the absence or disability of the Chairman. Sec. 3. The Executive Committee shall consist of the President of the Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Building Committee, Jan., 1919. Annual Report op the Director. 283 the Chairman of the Administration Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Com- mittee, the Chairman of the Pension Committee, and two other members of the Board to be elected by ballot at the Annual Meeting. Sec. 4. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Committee; three members shall constitute a quorum of the Administration Committee, and in all other standing Committees, two members shall constitute a quorum. In the event that, owing to the absence or inability of members, a quorum of the regularly elected members cannot be present at any meeting of any Committee, then the Chairman thereof, or his successor, as herein provided, may summon any member of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the absentee. Sec. 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing the endow- ment and other permanent funds of the Corporation, and the care of such real estate as may become its property. It shall have authority to invest, sell, and re- invest funds, subject to the approval of the Board. Sec. 6. The Building Committee shall have supervision of the construc- tion, reconstruction, and extension of any and all buildings used for Museum purposes. Sec. 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from time to time as the Chairman may consider necessary, or as he may be requested to do by three members of the Committee, to act upon such matters affecting the administration of the Museum as cannot await consideration at the Regular Monthly Meetings of the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginning of each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make recommendations as to the expenditures which should be made for routine maintenance and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the Board, the respective Committees shall be considered as authorized to make the expenditures detailed therein. No increase in the expendi- tures under any items of the Budget shall be made, except by authority of the Board of Trustees, but the Executive Committee shall have authority, in cases of emer- gency, to expend a further total sum not exceeding two thousand dollars in any one month. Sec. 8. The Administration Committee shall have general supervision of the affairs of the Museum. The Committee shall hold one meeting each month with the Director at the Museum within a week preceding each Monthly Meeting of the Board of Trustees. Sec. 9. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all ac- counting and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall cause the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert indi- vidual or firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm to the Board at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall have taken place. Sec. 10. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees. Sec. 11. The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and proceed- ings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board. Sec. 12. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees and Chairman of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Committee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board. 284 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. ARTICLE IX. NOMINATING COMMITTEE. Section i. At the November meeting of the Board, each year a Nominating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make nominations for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Committee, the Administra- tion Committee, the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and for two members of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted at the ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual Meeting in January. ARTICLE X. Section i. Whenever the word “Museum” is employed in the By-Laws of the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books, and all appurtenances of the Institution, and the workings, researches, installations, ex- penditures, field work, laboratories, library, publications, lecture courses, and all scientific and maintenance activities. Sec. 2. These By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a two-thirds vote of all the members present, provided the amend- ment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting. Jan., 1919 Annual Report of the Director, 285 HONORARY MEMBERS. EDWARD E. AYER CHARLES B. CORY MRS. TIMOTHY B. BLACKSTONE HARLOW N. HIGINBOTHAM STANLEY McCORMICK PATRONS. GEORGE MANIERRE CHARLES H. MARKHAM JOHN S. MILLER JOHN BARTON PAYNE HOMER E. SARGENT FREDERICK J. V. SKIFF WILLARD A. SMITH ALLISON V. ARMOUR EDWARD B. BUTLER ALBERT M. COLLINS LEE GARNETT DAY ERNEST R. GRAHAM FRANK W. GUNSAULUS CHARLES L. HUTCHINSON VERNON SHAW KENNEDY 286 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. CORPORATE MEMBERS. ALDIS, OWEN F. ARMOUR, ALLISON V. AYER, EDWARD E. BARTLETT, A C. BLAIR, WATSON F. BUTLER, EDWARD B. CHALMERS, W. J. CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, H. C. COLLINS, ALBERT M. CRANE, RICHARD T. DAY, LEE GARNETT EASTMAN, SIDNEY C. ELLSWORTH, JAMES W. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY GAGE, LYMAN J. GETTY, HENRY H. GRAHAM, ERNEST R. GUNSAULUS, FRANK W. GUNTHER, C. F. HIGINBOTHAM, H. N. HUTCHINSON, CHARLES L. JONES, ARTHUR B. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW KOHLSAAT, HERMAN H, McCORMICK, CYRUS H. MARKHAM, CHARLES H. MANIERRE, GEORGE MILLER, JOHN S. MITCHELL, JOHN J. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PECK, FERD W. PORTER, GEORGE F. RYERSON, MARTIN A. SARGENT, HOMER E. SKIFF, FREDERICK J. V. SMITH, WILLARD A. SPRAGUE, A. A., 2nd STONE, MELVILLE E. WRIGLEY, WILLIAM, JR. DECEASED, 1918. CLARK, JOHN M. Jan., 1919. Annual Report op the Director, 287 LIFE MEMBERS. ALDIS, OWEN F. ALLEN, BENJAMIN BAKER, MISS ISABELLE BANKS, ALEXANDER F. BARRELL, FINLEY BARRETT, MRS. A. D. BARRETT, ROBERT L. BARTLETT, A. C. BASSFORD, LOWELL C. BEALE, WILLIAM G. BILLINGS, FRANK BLACKSTONE, MRS. TIMOTHY B. BLAINE, MRS. EMMONS BLAIR, HENRY A. BLAIR, WATSON F. BOOTH, W. VERNON BOYNTON, C. T. BREWSTER, WALTER S. BROWN, WILLIAM L. BUFFINGTON, EUGENE J. BUTLER, EDWARD B. BYLLESBY, H. M. CARR, CLYDE M. CARRY, EDWARD F. CARTON, L. A. CHALMERS, WILLIAM J. CLAY, JOHN COBE, IRA M. CRAMER, CORWITH CRANE, CHARLES RICHARD CRANE, RICHARD T. CUDAHY, JOSEPH M. CUMMINGS, D. MARK DAU, J. J. DAWES, CHARLES G. DAY, ALBERT M. DEERING, CHARLES DEERING, JAMES DELANO, FREDERIC A. DICK, ALBERT BLAKE DONNELLEY, REUBEN H. DONNELLEY, THOMAS E. DRAKE, TRACY C. ECKHART, B. A. FAIR, ROBERT M. FARWELL, WALTER FAY, C. N. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY FORSYTH, ROBERT FULLER, WILLIAM A. GARTZ, A. F. GARY, JOHN W. GRISCOM, CLEMENT A. GROMMES, JOHN B. HAMILL, ERNEST A. HILL, LOUIS W. HOROWITZ, L. J. HOXIE, MRS. JOHN R. HUGHITT, MARVIN HULBURD, CHARLES H. HUTCHINSON, C. L. INSULL, SAMUEL JOHNSON, MRS. ELIZABETH AYER JOHNSON, FRANK S. JONES, ARTHUR B. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KELLEY, WILLIAM V. KING, FRANCIS KING, JAMES G. KIRK, WALTER RADCLIFFE LAMONT, ROBERT P. LAWSON, VICTOR LOGAN, SPENCER H. 288 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. McCORMICK, MRS. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. McCORMICK, HAROLD F. McELWEE, ROBERT H. Mclennan, d. r. MacVEAGH, franklin MARK, CLAYTON MASON, WILLIAM S. MITCHELL, J. J. MUNROE, CHARLES A. NEWELL, A. B. ORR, ROBERT M. PAM, MAX PATTEN, HENRY J. PIKE, EUGENE S. PORTER, GEORGE F. PORTER, H. H. RAWSON, FREDERICK H. REAM, MRS. CAROLINE P. REVELL, ALEXANDER H. REYNOLDS, GEORGE M. ROBINSON, THEODORE W. ROSENWALD, JULIUS RUNNELLS, JOHN S. RUSSELL, EDMUND A. RUSSELL, EDWARD P. RYERSON, MRS. CARRIE H. RYERSON, EDWARD L. RYERSON, MARTIN A. SHEDD, JOHN G. SIMPSON, JAMES SMITH, ORSON SPOOR, JOHN A. SPRAGUE, A. A., 2ND STOUT, FRANK D. STURGES, GEORGE SWIFT, CHARLES H. SWIFT, EDWARD F. SWIFT, LOUIS F, THORNE, CHARLES H. THORNE, ROBERT J. WILLARD, ALONZO J. WILSON, WALTER H. DECEASED, 1918. STILLWELL, HOMER A. THORNE, GEORGE R. Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 289 ANNUAL MEMBERS. ADAMS, CYRUS H. ADAMS, MILWARD ALLERTON, ROBERT H. ARMOUR, GEORGE A. BAILEY, EDWARD P. BECKER, A. G. BILLINGS, C. K. G. BOAL, CHARLES T. BURLEY, CLARENCE A. COMSTOCK, WILLIAM C. COONLEY-WARD, MRS. L. A. CUMMINGS, E. A. CURTIS, D. H. EISENDRATH, W. N. FORGAN, JAMES B. FRANK, HENRY L. FULLER, O. F. FURST, CONRAD GLESSNER, J. J. GOODRICH, A. W. GORDON, EDWARD K. GREY, CHARLES F. GURLEY, W. W. HARRIS, JOHN F. HASKELL, FREDERICK T. HIBBARD, WILLIAM G., Jr. HITCHCOCK, R. M. HOLT, GEORGE H. JENKINS, GEORGE H. JONES, J. S. KEITH, W. SCOTT KIMBALL, EUGENE S. LAMB, FRANK H. LINCOLN, ROBERT T. LINN, W. R. LOGAN, F. G. LORD, J. B. LOWDEN, FRANK O. LYTTON, HENRY C. McCREA, W. S. McWILLIAMS, LAFAYETTE MacFARLAND, HENRY J. MAGEE, HENRY W. MANSURE, E. L. MAYER, LEVY MEYER, MRS. M. A. MOORE, N. G. MULLIKEN, A. H. NATHAN, ADOLPH NOLAN, JOHN H. NORTON, O. W. PALMER, PERCIVAL B. PARKER, FRANCIS W. PEARSON, EUGENE H. PINKERTON, W. A. RIPLEY, E. P. ROSENBAUM, JOSEPH ROSENFELD MRS. MAURICE SCHMIDT, DR. O. L. SCHWARTZ, G. A. SEIPP, MRS. C. SHORTALL, JOHN L. SKINNER, THE MISSES SOPER, JAMES P. SOUTHWELL, H. E. SPENCE, MRS. ELIZABETH E. STOCKTON, JOHN T. STUART, ROBERT 290 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. UIHLEIN, EDWARD G. WALLER, EDWARD C. WHITEHEAD, W. M. WACKER, CHARLES H. WILSON, MRS. E. C. WALKER, JAMES R. WILSON, M. H. WALKER, WILLIAM B. DECEASED. HARRIS, GEORGE B. HOPKINS, JOHN P. KIMBALL, MRS. MARK LAY, A. TRACY WHITE, A. STAMFORD Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 291 Reproduced by permission of the “ Architectural Record ” HENRY HERING’S SCULPTURE FOR FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY IN CHICAGO By CHARLES OVER CORNELIVS Conceived in the mind of a public-spirited citizen, and made possible of realization by his generosity, the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago stands as a memorial to Marshall Field, its founder, and constitutes one of the chief architectural glories of the city. This great museum is destined to house extensive collections associated with the natural sciences and will function as an immense educational concord- ance. Easy of access from all parts of the city, overlooking the great open space of Grant Park to the north, and visible in its white majesty from far out upon the nearby lake, its site is unrivaled as a dignified and appropriate setting. The design has called forth a sustained architectural study with all that this implies, and the architects, Graham, Anderson, Probst and White, have given to the country a masterpiece in monu- mental building of a distinction and dignity commensurate with its purpose and origin. The monumental sculptures created in conjunction with such a building form an essential element in its design. Their position, while not necessarily structural, is in a vital spot of the organism, esthetically considered, and the individual works themselves thus assume a responsi- bility for the success of the whole work altogether out of proportion to their size, since in them is the final focusing of the attention of the spectator. The larger part of the exterior sculptural decoration of the building has been concentrated about the central motif of the north facade — the great Ionic portico with its flanking bays. In these two bays caryatid porches rest upon the basement course and above are horizontal panels of low relief. Against the attic of the portico are eight figures of colossal size, which complete the sculptural decoration here. On the south facade the caryatid porches are repeated and above the mare horizontal panels similar to those facing the north. The interior sculpture consists of four figures surmounting engaged columns at either end of the central hall. This, then, summarizes the decorative sculpture — the caryatids and the four relief panels, the eight attic and the four interior figures. For the sculptural embellishment the architects commissioned one 292 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. sculptor to execute the whole of this decoration — perhaps the second time on record that so extensive a task has been entrusted to the hands of one American sculptor. Henry Hering has utilized the opportunity presented him to create a group of architectural sculptures which is unsurpassed in America today. Throughout the work he has kept con- sciously before him the purposes for which each piece was designed, both as regards its subject and its placing upon the building, with the result that he has achieved a superlative consistency in the whole work, at the same time infusing into each figure the utmost individuality and dis- tinction. In the treatment of the caryatid figures there is observable a greater conventionality and a less definite expression of personality than in any others of the group. Here an actual structural problem had to be met and a nice transition from the strong foundation course was desirable. There are two types of caryatids which are to be duplicated, and while they are very similar in mass and movement, in detail they are absolutely individual. The inspiration is frankly Ionian and their dignity is as unquestionable as is their structural quality. Above each caryatid porch the horizontal panel in relief represents one of the four main departments of the Museum • — Anthropology, Zoology, Botany and Geology. The treatment here is very decorative, and by the use of one flying figure in each panel the same scale as that adopted in the other figures has been preserved while admitting the introduction of a definitely horizontal sense into the whole panel, con- trasting effectively with the repeated verticals of the other figures and of the surrounding architecture. Interesting color is given by the wings, the drapery treatment and the floating ribbon which bears the name of the department symbolized in the figure. The length of the panel has also allowed of the introduction of vertical bands of exquisite decoration, each different in detail, though similar in general tone. The iconography of the four panels is exceptionally pleasing and the choice of symbols for each has brought into play the originality and discrimination of the sculptor. The choice of subject for the attic figures exemplifies the generalization appropriate to the decoration of such a building. The four central figures above the columns represent the elements: Fire, Earth, Air and Water; the four flanking figures typify the four points of the compass: North, South, East and West. With this choice of subject comes the necessity of giving to the figures, each so general in its conception, definite and essential qualities and certain attributes which will differ- entiate each from the other and at the same time preserve the unity of the scheme. Of the attributes given to the figures their selection has Jan., 1919. Annual Report of the Director. 293 been so apt and their display so nice that no discussion need be entered into to add to their clarity. The subtlety of so large a group fairly escapes expression in words. A broad balance has been obtained for the whole by reversing the poses of the two end figures and the similarity in the poses of the four centre- most figures. The light and shade have been studied for their effect in diffused light, and calculation had to be made for the position sixty-five feet above the spectator. In the placing of the figures in relation to the surrounding space, as in fact throughout most of the architecture of the building, the Greek rhythm of 1 12 has been observed. While in the sculptor’s treatment of the group there is this rhythm, this subtle balance and calculation of light and shade, there is withal a very correct uniformity. The decoration about the heads has a certain general similarity in its suggestion of a nimbus, but how infinitely varied in its detail and individual in its application! In all the figures the law of frontality is strictly observed; a knee may be bent or the head inclined, but the frontal line remains straight. The dress, although partaking more of the quality of costume than of drapery, shows in its treatment a reasoned use of the latter tendency with the Dorian chiton as a point of departure. The architectonic quality is also observable here in the insistent verticals of the folds with their suggested evolution from a columnar form. The details of costume are infinitely varied, and |ipon repeated examination the figures reveal great fertility of invention and richness of detail. Much of the finest characterization has been reserved for the heads, in which the varied treatment of the eyes and mouth, the most expressive parts of the face, epitomizes the calmness or passion, the mysticism or nobility associated with each generality which the marble strives to present. The sculpturesque form in which the hair is cast in the figures of the “Four Points of the Compass” is particularly fine, and this interest- ing conventionality serves to give strength to the neck, a point which may also be remarked with reference to the caryatid figures. The four interior figures are placed in the great central hall of the museum. This immense room, three hundred feet long and lighted from above, is entered from either end through a large arch. Each of the arches is flanked by tall engaged columns, with entablature decoratively used, and upon each stands a symbolic figure. The symbolism of these figures makes a subjective application of the building’s use and suggests the various activities whose inspiration will lie within its walls; Natural Science and the Dissemination of Knowledge flanking one archway, Record and Research the other. These figures appear first at a great distance and are placed where 294 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. V. they will be seen under a comparatively steady light from above. Their position is of no structural importance and their purpose is a purely decorative one. All of which facts contribute to the difference in treat- ment from the strictly architectural figures of the attic. The composition here is more varied and the feeling more personal. The whole group is characterized by the eminent dignity and restraint which run throughout all of Mr. Herings’ work — a dignity unfettered by academic formulae nor yet disturbed by a factitious realism. In the sane mind of the trained sculptor these two extremes of classicism and realism have been fused into an expressive whole under the spell of his own individual approach. In this particular problem there was opportu- nity for a variety of treatment into which has been breathed much of the spirit of ancient Greece. There are many who will concur in the opinion that the art of sculp- ture has reached and always will reach the broadest expression of its purpose when conceived and carried out with relation to architecture which it may be designed to enhance. Of the greatest sculpture which has come down to us from the past, by far the larger part is permeated by qualities suggested, if not imposed, by the architectural design of which it formed an essential part. When the art began to be employed upon works not destined as absolute units in an architectural scheme, it is yet the presence of definite architectonic qualities which contribute largely to the high essence of the creation. The presence of such qualities may not in itself be of predominant importance, but with their removal comes an immediate tendency toward a less dignified conception, a realism, natural perchance, and by reason of its very naturalness a thing to be controlled and disciplined. The time is not yet ripe when we may judge the relative position of the architectural sculpture of today, and particularly that of America, where traditions in art are most conspicuous by their absence, and where such various traditions as have been carried over into the new world from the old are being simultaneously followed in the works of various individuals. American sculpture has sprung from the heads and hands of a few scattered individuals almost in its present growth, for what is a century and a half in the development of an art from the first dawn of its heralding in a new land? The largest opportunity for the development of such American sculpture must lie in the category of monumental work for public or semi-public possession. In such work there must be a greater generalization, since its im- pression is made upon a myriad different minds and must in each call forth some answering response, and it is just such an opportunity as this which is presented in the Field Museum. Jan., 1919. Annual Report or the Director. 29S In his appreciation of this opportunity, Mr. Hering has created a distinguished group of sculptures of an inspiration sustained not only in the broad, general conception of the work, but throughout the infinite variety of the detail, a group which can only be recognized as one of the most important contributions to American sculpture. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLV Caryatid— Field Museum of Natural history, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLVI Caryatid— Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLVII ANTHROPOLOGY— LOW RELIEF PANEL FOR FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, CHICAGO. Henry Hering, Sculptor. ■ FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLVIII Botany-Low Relief Panel for Field Museum of Natural history, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLIX Geology— Low relief Panel for Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE L Zoology— Low Relief Panel for Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LI Fire-Attic Figure for Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE Lll Earth attic Figure for Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. ; FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE Llll Air Attic Figure for Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LIV WATER— ATTIC FIGURE FOR FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LV North — attic Figure for Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LVI South— Attic Figure for Field museum of natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LVII East attic Figure for Field museum of Natural history, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LVIII West— Attic Figure for Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LIX Science Figure in Central hall of Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LX Dissemination of Knowledge- Figure in Central Hall of Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LXI Research— Figure in Central Hall of Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LXII Record Figure in Central Hall of Field museum of Natural History, Chicago. Henry Hering, Sculptor. ‘ IF I 1 GETTY CENTER LIBRARY 3 3125 00621 0393 s