-/^T~ /&_ /fa cnn^ LMc-, /"/ue- jf\~rj x CENT^ AS Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 with funding from Getty Research Institute https://archive.org/details/annualreportofdi1922fiel ] 9 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XVII. ARTHUR B. JONES. MEMBER OF THE AUDITING COMMITTEE SINCE JANUARY 1894. MEMBER OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE SINCE JANUARY 1907. Field Museum of Natural History. Publication 213. port Series. Vol. VI, No. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR TO the BOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR 1922. Chicago, U. S. A. January, 1923. BEQUESTS Bequests to Field Museum of Natural History may be made in securities, money, books or collections. For those desirous of making bequests to the Museum, the following form is suggested : FORM OF BEQUEST I do hereby give and bequeath to “Field Museum of Natural History” of the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, CaJh Contributions made within the taxable year to Field Museum of Natural History to an amount not in excess of 15% of the tax payers net income are allowable as deductions in com- puting net income under the Revenue Law. CONTENTS Board of Trustees.... 82 Officers and Committees 83 Staff of Museum 84 Report of the Director 85 Maintenance 91 Publications 91 Library 92 Cataloguing, Inventorying, and Labeling 94 Accessions 97 Expeditions and Field Work.. 106 Installation and Permanent Improvement 115 The N. W. Harris Public School Extension 127 Printing, Photography and Photogravure 129 Attendance 130 Balance Sheet 131 List of Accessions 132 Department of Anthropology 132 Department of Botany 134 Department of Geology 135 Department of Zoology 137 The Library 140 Articles of Incorporation 150 Amended By-Laws 152 List of Honorary Members and Patrons 158 List of Corporate Members • 159 List of Life Members.. 160 List of Annual Members 163 82 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES Edward E. Ayer. Watson F. Blair. John Borden. Harry E. Byram. William J. Chalmers. Richard T. Crane, Jr. D. C. Davies. Marshall Field. Stanley Field. Ernest R. Graham. Albert W. Harris. Arthur B. Jones. Chauncey Keep. Cyrus H. McCormick. George Manierre. Martin A. Ryerson. James Simpson. Solomon A. Smith. Albert A. Sprague. William Wrigley, Jr. HONORARY TRUSTEE Owen F. Alois. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. OFFICERS Stanley Field, President. Martin A. Ryerson, First Vice-President. Watson F. Blair, Second Vice-President. Albert A. Sprague, Third Vice-President. D. C. Davies, Secretary. George Manierre, Assistant Secretary Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer. COMMITTEES Stanley Field. Watson F. Blair. William J. Chalmers. Arthur B. Jones. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Albert A. Sprague. Edward E. Ayer. Marshall Field. John Borden. FINANCE COMMITTEE Watson F. Blair. Arthur B. Jones. Martin A. Ryerson. Chauncey Keep. Albert W. Harris. BUILDING COMMITTEE William J. Chalmers. Cyrus H. McCormick. William Wrigley, Jr. Albert A. Sprague. Ernest R. Graham. Arthur B. Jones. PENSION COMMITTEE Solomon A. Smith. James Simpson. AUDITING COMMITTEE George Manierre. William Wrigley, Jr. Albert A. Sprague. Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ADMINISTRATIVE AND SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE MUSEUM DIRECTOR D. C. Davies DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY Berthold Laufer, Curator Assistant Curators Charles L. Owen — Archaeology Fay-Cooper Cole — Malayan Ethnology Albert B. Lewis — African and Melanesian Ethnology J. Alden Mason — Mexican and South American Archaeology Helen C. Gunsaulus — Japanese Ethnology Ralph Linton — North American Ethnology DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY Charles F. Millspaugh, Curator B. E. Dahlgren, Associate Curator — Economic Botany Assistant Curator J. Francis Macbride — Taxonomy DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY O. C. Farrington, Curator Henry W. Nichols, Associate Curator Elmer S. Riggs, Associate Curator of Paleontology DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY Wilfred H. Osgood, Curator William J. Gerhard, Associate Curator of Insects C. E. Hellmayr, Associate Curator of Birds Assistant Curators Edmond N. Gueret — Osteology R. Magoon Barnes — Oology Alfred C. Weed — Fishes Edmund Heller — Mammals John T. Zimmer — Birds Karl P. Schmidt — Reptiles and Amphibians Division of Taxidermy Julius Friesser, in charge DEPARTMENT OF THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION S. C. Simms, Curator THE LIBRARY Elsie Lippincott, Librarian Emily M. Wilcoxson, Assistant Librarian RECORDER GUIDE LECTURER AUDITOR H. F. Ditzel Dorothy A. Roberts Benj. Bridge SECTION OF PRINTING U. A. Dohmen, in charge SECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION C. H. Carpenter, Photographer Carl F. Gronemaxn, Artist A. A. Miller, Photogravurist- SUPERINTENDENT OF MAINTENANCE John E. Glynn CHIEF ENGINEER W. H. Corning ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1922 To the Trustees of the Field Museum of Natural History: I have the honor to present a report of the operations of the Museum for the year ending December 31, 1922. During the year the construction of the terrace, sixty feet wide, extending around the entire structure, and rising to a height of six feet above the ground, was completed. It is constructed of the same marble as the building proper and is provided with wide and imposing stair- ways leading to the central doors. This marks the completion of the Museum building. The year was characterized not only by normal development but by an unprecedented activity and expansion which extended to practically all departments and sections of the Institution. After the arduous and anxious work of reinstallation and reorganization had been completed in 1921 the staff, with largely increased scope for action and progress, and greatly improved facilities for performing its duties, resumed its normal scientific and departmental activities with renewed zest and vigor. This was particularly evidenced by the activity with which the pre- viously formed plans for scientific exploration and survey of South America were entered into. No fewer than eight expeditions, repre- senting each of the four Departments of the Museum, operated in that continent during the year, detailed accounts of which are given elsewhere. This activity in the field, so vital to the proper growth of an institution of this type, was made possible mainly by the generosity of Captain Marshall Field who, as was announced in last year’s report, provided a contribution of $50,000.00 a year for a period of five years for this purpose. In addition to this President Field contributed $3,000.00 towards the expenses of a botanical expedition to British Guiana, and Mr. Arthur B. Jones provided the sum of $25,000.00 to meet the cost of an important expedition for an ethnological investi- gation of Malaysia. Much of the stimulus given to the staff of the Museum may be attributed to encouragement imparted by these gen- 86 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. erous gifts which permit the accumulation of material of great value from new fields, often situated in remote and little known parts of the world. While the Museum has made phenomenal progress during the few years it has been in existence, the present increase of its scope and opportunities involves new needs and responsibilities. No greater service could be rendered to the Museum at this important period in its history than to make possible the extension of its expeditionary pro- gramme to insure that comprehensiveness and completeness of collec- tions which is expected of an institution of importance and standing. Indeed, in this age of intensive investigation and research in all the sciences, the expansion of activities in this direction becomes almost imperative. A further gift of $50,000.00 towards the deficit in the Building Fund was received from President Field. Furthermore, he continued his annual contribution of approximately $12,000.00 towards the work of plant reproduction in the Department of Botany, and added $2,000.00 to the Harris Public School Extension Fund. Mr. James Simpson paid in to the Treasury of the Museum, during the year, a further sum of $25,000.00 towards the construction of the theatre which bears his name. Mrs. Robert F. Cummings has been good enough to indicate her inten- tion to provide $2,000.00 towards the cost of publishing the manuscript prepared by Assistant Curator Cole on “The Tinguian. Social. Religious and Economic Life of a Philippine Tribe.” It is desired to make special mention of the interest which Mr. Edward E. Ayer has continuously evinced in the welfare of the Insti- tution. It was again demonstrated by his decision to transfer $100,- 000.00 United States of America 4%% Gold Bonds to the Museum, which will eventually be used to establish a permanent lecture founda- tion. The Board of Trustees has decided that the benefaction is to be forever known as “The Edward E. Ayer Lecture Foundation.” Mr. Ayer has also provided a fund for the payment of a preparator in the Science and Art Museum of California, who will provide this Institu- tion with some duplicates of its extensive paleontological collection. Among the noteworthy gifts received by the Museum, during the period under review, were collections and specimens from Mr. Martin A. Ryerson, Mr. Keith Spalding, and Mr. William J. Chalmers. Gen- eral Charles G. Dawes has signified his intention of presenting to the Museum Library Dr. Manasseh Cutler’s botanical manuscripts, notes and correspondence, together with notebooks and field observations. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. THE JAMES SIMPSON THEATRE. Annual Report of the Director. 87 Jan., 1923. These deal principally with economic plants observed by Dr. Cutler and form an interesting series of documents. The Museum is fortunate in the possession of many friends and benefactors, and it is fitting here to renew the expression of thanks to all who have contributed towards it in money and gifts during the year. An excellent bronze bust of the late Dr. Frank W. Gunsaulus, executed by John G. Prasuhn of the Department of Anthropology, was completed during the year and installed in Frank W. Gunsaulus Hall. The continued efforts of President Field to increase the Life Mem- berships of the Institution, resulted in the election of the following dur- ing the year : Mr. William A. Alexander, Mr. Charles Garfield King, Mr. Louis B. Kuppenheimer, Mr. Philip S. Edmunds, Mr. Thomas H. Mclnnerney, Mr. Arthur L. Farwell, Mr. James C. Ames, Mr. James P. Soper, Mr. Lester Armour, Mr. T. J. McNulty, Mr. Milward Adams, Mr. J. Ogden Armour, Mr. Knowlton L. Ames, Mr. Benjamin H. Marshall, Mr. J. M. Hopkins, Mr. Charles B. Pike, Mr. Edgar A. Bancroft, Mr. Harold N. Scott, Mr. Robert F. Carr, Mr. Ralph Van Vechten, Mr. E. W. Cramer, Mr. Joseph R. Noel, Mr. Howard W. Fenton, Mr. W. B. Storey, Mr. Frederick R. Babcock, Mr. Chauncey B. Borland, Mr. Charles I. Pierce, Mr. Louis A. Ferguson, Mr. John J. Glessner, Mr. John P. Wilson, Jr., and Mr. Frank A. Marsh. During the year Mr. D. C. Davies became a Corporate Member of the Museum and was also elected a member of the Board of Trustees to fill a vacancy in the Board. The following gentlemen were elected Honorary Members of the Museum in recognition of the eminent service they have rendered to science : Mr. Martin A. Ryerson, Captain Marshall Field, Mr. Arthur B. Jones, Mr. James Simpson, Mr. Charles R. Crane, Colonel Albert A. Sprague, Mr. Albert W. Harris, and Mr. William J. Chalmers. Mrs. Robert F. Cummings was elected a Patron of the Museum, in recognition of the eminent service she has rendered to the Institution. One of the most important and significant steps taken during the year was the considerable addition made to the scientific staff ; Dr. Charles E. Hellmayr was appointed Associate Curator of Birds ; Ed- mund Heller, Assistant Curator of Mammals ; Karl P. Schmidt, Assist- ant Curator of Reptiles and Batrachians; John T. Zimmer, Assistant Curator of Birds; J. Francis MacBride, Assistant Curator of Taxo- nomy. Assistant Curator Dahlgren was promoted to the post of Asso- 88 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ciate Curator of Economic Botany. The employment of Ashley Hine as Chief Bird Taxidermist; Colin C. Sanborn as Preparator in Birds; George M. Sternberg as Chief Preparator and Collector in Vertebrate Paleontology; John B. Abbott as Preparator in Vertebrate Paleontol- ogy ; Carl E. Gronemann as Artist, and A. W. Miller as Photogravurist, is reported. Miss Dorothy Roberts was appointed Guide-Lecturer early in the year. Several additions have also been made to the force in the Section of Printing, these additions being necessitated by the increased demands made by the production of the Museum publications. A series of leaflets, describing objects and collections in the Museum, was inaugurated during the year. Fourteen of these were published and distributed. A manual of the Museum, containing information con- cerning the foundation, the endowments, and the activities of the Insti- tution was published in November. A third edition of the Guide to the collections was brought up to date and issued late in the year. A Syn- opsis of the collections was also prepared and published, more especially for the use of the public schools. Reference is made elsewhere to the issuance of numbers in the regular publication series. It is interesting to note in view of the facilities provided by the Insti- tution that the Board of Trustees has granted permission to the Central Section of the Anthropological Association to designate Field Museum as the headquarters of the organization. The visit of the American Ornithologists' Union to Chicago, during the month of October, was a notable and interesting event, at which a large number of prominent ornithologists of the United States and Canada were present. An in- structive popular session, illustrated by motion pictures, was given in James Simpson Theatre by the Union. An interesting exhibit of selected paintings, drawings and photographs of birds, by several artists, was displayed during the week in Room 12, on the main floor, and was kept open to the public until the third of December, attracting an un- usual number of visitors. The American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists also convened at the Museum during the same week. The regular monthly meeting of the Superintendents and Principals of the Chicago Public Schools was held in the James Simpson Theatre on November 4th, when ideas and suggestions were exchanged as to a closer cooperation between the Museum and the schools. The results were most satisfactory. The Museum was honored during the year by the visits of a consid- erable number of officers and students of American and foreign Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 89 museums, and it was gratifying* to note their unanimous expression of admiration of the fitness and extent of the building for museum pur- poses, the adequate equipment for the scientific and working staffs, and the arrangement and interest of the exhibits. An important change in the method of recording the Museum departmental accessions was instituted by the Recorder in the month of June. The hand-written records in the accession books were replaced by typewritten cards kept in Rand Visible Files. Each drawer of these files contains 310 cards, showing at a glance the source of the material accessioned, its character, and the accession numbers. The hand-written indexes were substituted by a typewritten loose leaf system. The old manila jackets containing the accession records were also discarded, owing to their decay through chemical reaction, and approximately ten thousand new jackets of a more durable quality were typewritten, pro- viding suitable protection for all records of the accessions. It is with pleasure and satisfaction that record is made of the loyal cooperation and the willing service that all members of the staff have rendered during the past year, which has been especially encouraging in an individual .sense, and proved, collectively, of much benefit to the Institution. The alterations and rearrangements of the ground floor were practi- cally completed during the year and the results have fully justified all anticipations. New exhibition area on this floor has been created to the extent of 125,000 square feet. An addition of importance was the construction of a small lecture hall intended to seat approximately two hundred and fifty persons. The hall has been equipped with stereopti- con, screen and arrangements for controlled light. The James Simpson Theatre was completed during the year, and was also equipped with a stereopticon and motion picture apparatus. The Library, Reading Room and Stack Room are now permanently established on the third floor, where they are conveniently placed in close proximity to the quarters of the scientific staff, which not only tends to increased efficiency, but has resulted in economy both of time and ex- pense. In making these arrangements the fullest consideration was given to the comfort and convenience of those using the Library and the Reading Room, the accommodation at their disposal having been largely increased. The library is now adequately equipped and furnished for the continuance of its widespread usefulness. The installation of a system for supplying the laboratories and lava- tories with hot water was completed during the year. Illuminated signs, 9° Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. indicating stairways, lavatories, restaurant, etc. were also provided. An elaborate system of ventilation for the ground floor was completed be- fore the end of the year. The large room, situated at the southeast corner of the main pavilion, assigned for the use of the President and the Board of Trustees, has been decorated and furnished, President Field assuming the entire expense thereof. Earh' in the year it was decided to establish a Photogravure Section for the production of illustrations for publications, leaflets, and postal cards. Space on the third floor was assigned for this work, in which were placed a large gas-heated oven for drying plates, a gas plate with boiler, work bench, trays and other appurtenances for preparing the coating. A 25" x 38" printing frame and stand, and a solar arc lamp of 3500 candle-power for copying the sensitized photogravure plates were also installed. A large galvanized iron sink, washing and lye tanks, drying racks, two stock tables and a hot water boiler to furnish vapor for the press room were placed in a room between the plate room and the press room. The first illustrations produced were for the Annual Report of the Director for the year 1921. Since then illustrations have been completed for eleven leaflets and for the publication “The Flora of the Santa Catalina Island.” Approximately 20,000 postal cards were produced. To facilitate the manufacture of installation furniture and fixtures in the Department of Anthropology, there were installed in Room 38 on the third floor a Crescent 24" variable speed planer, a Wallace 6" bench jointer, a Wallace 7" universal saw and a Moak single spindle horizontal boring machine ; all of this machinery is driven by individual motors. Four handsome bronze sign posts have been placed on Michigan Avenue at the entrances to Grant Park. These signs indicate the opening and closing hours of the Museum and have undoubtedly attracted the attention of strangers to the Museum. A change in the hours of closing the Museum was authorized by the Board at a meeting held February 20, 1922. The Museum is now open to the public during the following hours: January, November and December 10:00 A.M. to 4:00 P.M.; February, March, April and October 10:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M.; May, June, July, August and September 10 :oo A.M. to 6 :oo P.M. Heretofore the Museum has been closed to the public on Thanksgiving Day and Christmas. The Board, at a meeting held November 6, 1922, determined that the Institution should now be open to the public every day in the year. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 9* Maintenance : The Budget approved by the Board of Trustees authorized the expenditure of the sum of $306, 973 for the maintenance of the Museum during the year 1922. Budget expenditures amounted to *$302,507, leaving" a surplus of $4,466. Other appropriations amounted to $90,924, which were mostly met by special contributions. PUBLICATIONS The following books have been published duiing the yeai . Pub. 2o8-RePort Series, Vol. VI, No. 1. Annual Report of the Director for the Year 1921. 76 pages, 16 photogravures, edition 2,000. Pub. 209 — Anthropological Series, Vol. XIV No 2. The Tinguian. Social, Religious and Economic Life of a Philippine Tr • Bv Fay-Cooper Cole. With a chapter on Music by Albert Gale. November, 1922. 267 pages. 83 halftones, 26 zmc etchings, edition 1,250. p„b 210 — Zoological Series, Vol. XII, No. 3. Game Birds from North- western Venezuela. By W. H. Osgood and B. Conover. August, 1922. 32 pages, 1 colored plate, edition 1,020. Pub 21 1— Anthropological Series, Vol. VI, No. 5- The Mound Group of Ohio. By Warren K. Moorehead. 126 pages, 48 halftones, 68 zinc etchings, edition 1,268. A list of handbooks and leaflets published is given below Manual— 52 pages, edition 5,000. General Guide— 24 pages, edition 15,000. Synopsis of the Collections— 44 pages, edition 11,160. List and Prices of Publications— 16 pages, edition 750. Leaflets — Anthropology No. 1. Chinese Gateway. By B. Laufer. O photogravure, 3,044 copies. Anthropology No. 2. Philippine Forge Group. By F. C. Cole. One photogravure, 2,980 copies. Anthropology No. 3. Japanese Collections. By Helen C. Gunsaulus. 20 pages, 6 photogravures, 2,916 copies. Anthropology No. 4- New Guinea Masks. By A. B. Lewis. 12 pages, 6 photogravures, 3,000 copies. Anthropology No. 5. The Thunder Ceremony of the Pawnee. By Ralph Linton. 20 pages, 4 photogravures, 3.103 copie . , 92 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Anthropology No. 6. The Sacrifice to the Morning Star. By Ralph Linton. 20 pages, 1 photogravure, 3,073 copies. Botany No. 1. Figs. By B. E. Dahlgren. 8 pages, 1 photo- gravure, 3,088 copies. Botany No. 2. Coco Palm. By B. E. Dahlgren. 8 pages, 1 photogravure, 3,088 copies. Botany No. 3. Wheat. By B. E. Dahlgren. 8 pages, 1 photo- gravure, 3,052 copies. Geology No. 1. Arizona Gold Mine. By H. W. Nichols. 12 pages, 1 photogravure, 2,952 copies. Geology No. 2. Models of Blast Furnaces for Smelting Iron. By H. W. Nichols. 12 pages, 3 photogravures, 3,061 copies. Zoology No. 1. White-tailed Deer. By Wilfred H. Osgood. 12 pages, 1 photogravure, 2,940 copies. Zoology No. 2. Chicago Winter Birds. By Colin C. Sanborn. 12 pages, 1 photogravure, 3,099 copies. Zoology No. 3. The American Alligator. By Karl P. Schmidt. 16 pages, 2 photogravures, 3,122 copies. LIBRARY The Library was transferred early in the year to the third floor, thus bringing it into close proximity to the staff, which fully appreciates the greater convenience and accessibilty. Two thousand one hundred and eighty seven books and pamphlets, together with sixty maps have been received during the year, bringing the total number of books etc. in the library to 79,658. A number of valuable volumes, and some of historic importance, were given to the library by friends interested in the work of the Museum. Mr. Edward E. Ayer has, with his customary munif- icence, added two hundred and twelve books to the Ornithological Library which bears his name. Among them are several beautifully bound copies of early editions, including one of Horrebow’s Natural History of Iceland, translated from the Danish original and published in London in 1758. The gift includes the following works: Blaauw Monograph of the cranes Buffer Birds of New Zealand Butler Birds of Great Britain 6v. Dresser Monograph of the coraciidae Fritsch Birds of Europe 1877 SKELETON O. THE EXTINCT COLUMBIAN MAMMOTH (Elephas Columbi) FROM SPOKANE COUNTY, WASHINGTON GIFT OF GEORGE MANIERRE. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 93 Jacquin Meyer Salvin & Broderick Schlegel & Verster Swainson & Richardson Swaysland Tschudi Beitrage zur geschichte der Vogel 1784 Unser Auer,-Rackel-und Birkwold imd seine abarten Falconry in the British Isles 1855 Traite de fauconnerie 1844-1853 Fauna boreali-americana 1831 Familiar wild birds Untersuchungen iiber die Fauna Peruana 1844-1846 Mrs. Elmer S. Riggs presented seventeen volumes of magazines of unusual interest and of early date from the library of her late father, Mr. Frank Smith. Thirty five volumes on miscellaneous subjects in Natural History were received from Mrs. William M. Derby, Jr. The Governor General of Chosen forwarded seven illustrated volumes on the antiquities of Korea. From the Institucio Catalana d’Historia Natural, Barcelona, the Koloniaal Museum of Haarlem, the Cultura Venezolana, Caracas, the Colegio de Senoritas, San Jose, Costa Rica, and the Can- terbury Museum of New Zealand, were received complete sets of their publications. Other gifts of interest are indicated in the list of acces- sions. Among a number of much-needed older works purchased during the year are the following : Ammann Hortus Bosianus Supellex botanica 1675 Colmeiro La botanica y los botanicos de la peninsula hispano-lusitana 1858 Duparc & Tikono witch La platine et les gites platiniferes de l’Oural et du monde Forster History of voyages 1786 Molina Saggio sulla storia naturale del Chili 1810 Neve and Molina Reglas de orthographia, diccionario del idioma Othomi 1767 Petherick Travels in central Africa 1869 Raffenau-Delile Memoire sur les plantes qui croissent spontanement en Lgypte 1824 Ramusio Delle navigationi et viaggi raccolto & con molti vaghi discorsi 1555-1 558 94 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Rochefort Ruiz and Pavon Valentyn Vesling Flistoire naturale et morale des iles An- tilles de l’Amerique 1665. Flora Peruviana et Chilensis 1798 Oud en Nieuw Oost Indien 1724-1726 De plantis Aegyptiis observationes et notae ad prosperum Alpinum 1638 Among books of a later date are : Baker Phisalix Riviere Calico painting and printing in the East Indies in the xvn and xvm centuries Les animaux venimeux et venins Le ceramique dans Tart d'Extreme Orient The system of exchange has, as usual, caused considerable additions to be made to the library. The publications of the Museum are sent to all kindred institutions and societies at home and abroad, and publica- tions were received from six hundred and eighty-three institutions and individuals during the year. Eight new exchanges were effected with institutions having literature of value to the library. Five hundred and thirty-one volumes were bound. Increased accommodation for the vari- ous catalogues was provided by the addition of four sections to the card cabinets. Eleven thousand one hundred and twenty-two cards were written and filed during the year, together with the monthly installment of author cards from the John Crerar Library. The Museum is in- debted each year to libraries in and out of the city for the loan of neces- sary reference books. This year it is especially indebted to the Library of Congress and the Lloyd Library of Cincinnati for the loan of very rare books not obtainable elsewhere in this country. DEPART MENTAL CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING AND LABELING Anthropology. — During the year the work of cataloguing in the Department of Anthropology was completed as soon as possible after the new accessions were received. Some older collections were also cata- logued. The total number of catalogue cards prepared amounts to 1,385, and are distributed geographically as follows: North America 688; Mexico and South America 39; India, Tibet, Burma, Siam and Annam 491; China and Japan 142; Malaysia 11; Polynesia 3; Australia 2; Miscellaneous 9. All these cards have been entered in the Inventory Books of the Department, which number 38. The number of accessions Annual Report of the Director. 95 Jan., 1923. received during the year was 43, of which 37 have been catalogued. Nine accessions of the previous year were also dealt with. The total number of catalogue cards entered from the opening of the first volume amounts t0 1 57>562. Several thousand labels were prepared and installed during the year, the number of labels supplied by the printer to the Depart- ment totaling 6,047. These labels are distributed as follows: Plains Indians 1,917 ; Nootka, Bella Coola, Coast Salish, Kwakiutl, Iroquois, Sauk and Fox 655 ; Egypt 84 ; Roman Frescoes 72 ; Irish Antiquities 47 ; Busts of prehistoric man 30; India 326; Tibet 27; Java 277; China 764; Japan 1,574; Maps 16 and Miscellaneous 258. The printer, further, supplied the Department with 1,000 printed forms for measurements in physical anthropology, 1,000 catalogue cards and 600 cards for the label file. 418 label cards were added to the label file, which was ar- ranged in conformity with the installation or changes in the halls. The labels for each exhibition case are kept together, bearing the same num- ber as the exhibition case, so that any label desired may now be traced at a moment’s notice. 588 prints were placed in the photographic albums, and five new albums were opened. Prints in several albums were provided with typewritten explanations. Botany. — All newly accessioned specimens in the Department of Botany have been catalogued as fast as they could be organized. 16,059 entries were made in the sixty- two catalogue volumes, bringing the total number of catalogued specimens in the Department up to 512,426. Aug- mentation of the various card indexes during the past year is as follows : — No. of Cards Augmented 1922 Total Index to Botanical Species 4,640 166,088 Index to Common Names 2,210 23,499 Index to Collectors 246 10,420 Index to Geographic Localities 51 2,860 Geology. — All accessions were catalogued as received, with the ex- ception of the collections obtained by the Alberta expedition and part of those acquired by the Curator in Brazil, the cataloguing of which is not as yet complete. A total of 2,153 new entries have been made during the year. Of these, 1,045 represent additions to the mineral collection; 550 to paleontology; and 412 to the economic series. Of the specimens collected by the Curator in Brazil 808 have thus far been catalogued. A total of 310 new labels were written during the year, five being large descriptive labels. Of the smaller labels, a series of 106 were prepared for the exhibit of petroleum products presented by the Standard Oil 9 6 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Company (Indiana), and 90 for miscellaneous specimens of minerals and meteorites. Most of these labels have been printed and installed, and the labeling of the Department may be considered as nearly com- plete as that of any actively expanding collection can be expected to be. To the Department photograph albums 167 prints have been added dur- ing the year, making a total of 3,821 prints now in these albums. Zoology. — -The accessions of the Department of Zoology, with the exception of the insects, were catalogued shortly after they were received. Some accessions that were received during the past few years and to which, at that time, the needed attention could not be given, were also properly catalogued. The total number of entries made was 3,589. They were distributed as follows: Birds, 2,704; Mammals, 365; Reptiles and Amphibians, 276; Fishes, 153; Insects, 75; Shells, 1 ; and Skeletons, 15. The making of the above entries, in most cases, also nec- essitated writing a label or tag with full data for each entry. The num- ber of catalogue cards written was small. This was due to the fact that ten or more entries were recorded on each card, a new one being writ- ten for a species new to the various collections. For some groups, also, instead of cards, a loose-leaf ledger index has been adopted, a change that appears to be an improvement on the card system. For the col- lection of fishes 592 of these sheets, containing 1,886 entries, were written. A similar index, comprising 151 entries, was also prepared for the entire collection of salamanders. As a shelf guide to the reference collection of fishes, 358 labels, each one with a different number and family name in large type, were printed and duly installed. Although a number of exhibition labels were prepared, particularly in the case of shells, a limited number only were printed and installed, namely, 17 for a cicada group and 116 for a screen exhibiting fishes. The actual num- ber of fish labels, however, is somewhat misleading, as they were first printed on black stock and later replaced by others that were printed on paper that is more in harmony with the new color adopted for fish screens. The following table shows the work performed on catalogues and in- ventories in the various Departments : Number of Total No. of entries to Dec. Entries during Total No. of cards Record Books 31, 1922 1922 written Department of Anthropology . . . 38 157,562 1,385 157,562 Department of Botany 62 512,426 16,059 7,147 Department of Geology 22 147,671 2,153 8,456 Department of Zoology 40 105,220 3,589 34,909 The Librarv 14 130,894 11,120 306,438 Section of Photography 20 135,998 12,278 Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 97 ACCESSIONS The Museum, during the year, has been the recipient of a large number of important and valuable gifts. These, together with the extensive collections made by expeditions, have added very appreciably to the material and educational value of the exhibits of the institution. Anthropology. — In the Department of Anthropology the unusually large number of 43 accessions is registered, 33 of which are by gift, 3 by exchange, 6 by purchase and 1 as the result of the Captain Marshall Field Colombian Expedition. Mr. Martin Ryerson presented a very remarkable burial figure of green-glazed Han pottery, representing a powerful mastiff in the attitude of guarding his master’s grave. Such figures were interred with sport-loving noblemen in ancient China about the time of the beginning of our era, and are rare types. The figure in question is of so high a quality in modeling and glazing that it was deemed worthy of being placed on exhibition in the case showing selected examples of Chinese Art in Stanley Field Hall. To Mrs. Marshall Field, Sr., are due two lacquered and painted Chinese screens (so-called coromandel screens), each consisting of twelve panels and carved on each side with an elaborate design. One of these screens is shown in Room 23 in the northeast corner of the second floor. Another Chinese screen, composed of sixteen square detachable panels and adorned with well-carved figures of the Eight Immortals, was presented by Mr. Oskar J. Friedman of Chicago. A very fine and interesting old suit of painted hide armor with helmet and sword, from the Lolo of western China, was presented by Mr. William Ayer McKinney, Chicago. This welcome gift was very timely, as it fits in with a collection of 58 Lolo specimens purchased by the Museum from Dr. C. Schneider a botanist who trav- elled and collected in southwestern China. The Lolo form one of the groups of aboriginal tribes which settled in southern and western China prior to the arrival of the Chinese who conquered and colonized their country. While they gradually succumbed to Chinese influence, they still preserve many characteristics of their ancient culture, particularly in weapons and armor. They also retain their peculiar language and script. As they are difficult of access, Lolo specimens are rarely found in museums. The entire collection is now exhibited in Case 37 of Hall 24, and is particularly remarkable for its instructive series of hide armor. Mr. William Wrigley, Jr., and Mr. Arthur B. Jones contributed jointly to acquire a unique collection of stone sculptures from ancient 98 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. India, the importance of which can hardly be exaggerated. Not only are most of these pieces exceedingly rare, but also most difficult to secure, as the exportation of antiquities from India is prohibited. It was solely due to a felicitous combination of circumstances that Mr. Alexan- der Scott, a well-known artist and traveller, who made the collection in the course of a many years’ sojourn in India, was granted the privilege of taking it out of the country. The majority of the sculptures (27) belong to the so-called Gandhara period of the first two or three cen- turies of our era, being essentially Buddhistic in their religious char- acter and under Hellenistic influence in their artistic types and style. There are eight excellent full figures and heads of Buddhas and Bodhi- satvas, and twelve panels of friezes on which elaborate scenes are carved in high relief. Prominent among the latter are representations of Buddha’s temptation by Mara, the spirit of evil, the first sermon preached by Buddha at Benares, and six figures of Greek composition presenting offerings to the Buddha. Seven other sculptures illustrate subjects of the purely Brahmanic religion or Hinduism, including a beau- tiful lava carving of the god Vishnu with his consort Lakshmi, and a frieze with four nautch-girls or bayaderes performing a sacred dance around a censer. The old religion of the Jaina, still flourishing among the merchants of India, is represented by a large marble statue of Parq- vanatha, one of the prophets or teachers of the Jains, who preceded Mahavira, the actual founder of the religion, and by a fine cast image of solid brass, portraying another of their prophets. In addition to this Indian collection, a valuable specimen from Tibet was purchased of Mr. Scott and is likewise due to the generosity of Mr. Arthur B. Jones. This is a ceremonial bone apron, consisting of forty-one plaques exquisitely carved, which was used in the sacred mystic ceremonies of the Tibetan Lamas. Such aprons are carefully guarded as temple treasures, and very few have crossed the borders of Tibet. Mr. Scott himself presented the Museum with a marble pedestal sculptured with a triad in high relief, representing Buddha seated in the center, supported by two Bodhisatvas with lotuses in their hands. This is a product of the third or fourth century a. d. A very interesting old Tibetan painting, depicting scenes from the life of the Buddha, is the gift of Miss Caroline Wicker, who added to it a number of other curious objects acquired during her travels in the Orient. An interest- ing cast image of solid gold, discovered in the jungle on the island of Mindanao, Philippines, was secured by purchase. It is presumably of Javanese workmanship, and was brought over to the Islands by traders. The type and style of the figure point to India. Mr. Edward FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XX. BURIAL FIGURE OF MASTIFF. HAN POTTERY, CHINA. GIFT OF MARTIN A. RYERSON. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of tiie Director. 99 E. Ayer presented breast ornaments, made of silver inlaid with plain and engraved stones, worn by a Dalmatian woman. A pair of Japanese bows was presented by Mr. H. J. Patten of Chicago. They are over seven feet in length, are lacquered black and trimmed with red rattan bands. They are accompanied by a fur-covered quiver containing ten arrows, the quiver and bows fitting into a large black-lacquer brace with handles. Such sets were carried in processions of the former feudal lords or daimyo. The crest of Nabeshima, the powerful daimyo of the Province of Hizen, is impressed in black on the gilded leather bow-tips and quiver decorations. Mr. Junius Wood, the well-known correspondent of the Chicago Daily News, has donated a beautiful fighting sword or katana, with which is a scabbard of black lacquer decorated with designs of golden pine needles. The fittings are of gold, silver, and shakudo etched with a tendril design. Particular interest is attached to the blade which bears upon its tang the signature of Asafune Suyemoto and the date 1392. There were obtained in ex- change with the Logan Museum at Beloit College, Wisconsin, fifty- three potsherds, fragments of prehistoric pottery found in shell-heaps along the bay of Tokyo, Japan. They were originally exhibited at the World’s Columbian Exposition by the Department of Anthropology of the Imperial University of Japan. A man’s coat and a complete woman’s costume, made by the Quiche Indians of Guatemala, have been acquired by purchase from Mr. E. W. Allstrom, who has promised to supplement this collection on his return to Guatemala. The woman’s costume is of a type which has survived almost unchanged from prehistoric times, and is notable for its brilliant colors, its beautiful weaving, and its ornate embroidery. The Quiche are of the same stock as the prehistoric Maya, the most civilized nation of ancient America. In spite of their political conquest and their long con- tact with Europeans, they are still numerous and retain much of their ancient- culture. An excellent collection of Chippewa material was acquired from the Public Museum of Milwaukee by means of exchange. The Chippewa are one of the largest tribes north of Mexico, and for- merly ranged along both shores of Lake Superior and as far west as North Dakota. In their industries and mode of life they closely re- sembled the tribes who occupied the state of Illinois during the early historic period. The collection includes numerous mats, birchbark utensils, and twined bags, together with raw materials and tools for their manufacture. Flag mats, used as thatch for winter dwellings, and a mat of cedar bark, are of especial interest. A birchbark canoe from the same tribe, in a good state of preservation, was received as a gift ioo Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. from Mr. F. W. Morgan of Chicago. Another birchbark canoe was given by Mr. C. H. Benjamin, West .Lafayette, Indiana. A collection of Nambiquara material was received from the Museum Nacional of Rio de Janeiro by exchange. The Nambiquara are a forest tribe of southern Brazil who, at the time this collection was made, were still living under conditions similar to the peoples of the stone age. They are rapidly disappearing on contact with the European, and will probably be extinct in a few years. Among the most interesting ob- jects are arrows, clubs, bracelets made from the tail of the armadillo and a stone axe with its original haft. A number of ethnological specimens from the Kiowa and Hopi, col- lected by the late Dr. James Mooney, for many years a member of the Bureau of American Ethnology, were acquired from his sister, Mother Mary Agnes, F. O. They include numerous examples of beadwork and basketry, as well as ceremonial objects. Of special interest are specimens of peyote. The peyote is a small cactus, growing on the Lower Rio Grande and in northern Mexico, which contains a powerful narcotic drug. When eaten, it produces hallucinations similar to those of hash- eesh. An elaborate religious cult has been built up about its use by the Plains tribes. The collection is accompanied by a series of interesting photographs. A small collection of ethnological material, which was acquired by purchase, consists of examples of Sioux metal work, and a number of miscellaneous specimens from the Eskimo of southern Alaska. A fine beaded saddlebag of buckskin has been presented by Mrs. Willard R. Wiley of Chicago. This bag was obtained many years ago by a relative of the donor, and is an unusually good example of Sioux beadwork. Two Mexican serapes or blankets made in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, have been presented by Mr. P. M. Zulfer of Chicago, who for many years resided in Mexico. They are good examples of the present-day weaving, as practiced in that province, showdng the combination of mod- ern and primitive designs which now prevails. A large rug of white al- paca fur made in La Paz, Bolivia, is due to the interest taken in the Mu- seum by Professor Archibald Gillis Baker. The Shasta Springs Hotel of Shasta Springs, California, presented through Mr. Edward E. Ayer a very interesting Indian mortar carved from lava. Mr. Alfred C. Dod- man, Jr., of New York, manifested his interest in the Institution by offering a valuable pre-Columbian gold figure discovered in Central America and representing a rare mythological image. It has been added to the exhibits of prehistoric American gold in H. N. Higinbotham Hall. The Art Institute of Chicago presented to the Museum a bronze Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. ioi bust of the Sioux Chief Sitting Bull modeled by Edward Kemeys. An interesting series of negatives taken by himself of the Seminoles of Florida, was donated by Mr. L. Winternitz of Grand Rapids. Botany. — Among the notable collections received by the Department of Botany during the past year is the complete private herbarium of Edouard Jeanpert, consisting of about 35,000 sheets. The late M. Jeanpert, at times an assistant in the herbarium Cosson, was particularly interested, from 1887 to 1920, in amassing as full an herbarium as possi- ble of the plants of the environs of Paris, both by extended field-work and by exchange. A search through ten of his 200 fascicles resulted in revealing the probability of his having secured large series of numerous French and Mediterranean Europe and Africa collectors. M. Jean- pert specialized in the Rubiads, Ranuncules, Saxafrages and the Ferns. His herbarium proved to be especially rich in these groups. Of the ferns, he evidently secured duplicates from all those collections repre- sented in the Paris herbarium and those of Cosson, Franqueville and Drake. A glance through a few of the many large fascicles in his herb- arium revealed, at least, plants of a large number of collections, many of which appear to be in complete series. Other collections of importance received during the year were Burchard’s Plantae Canariensis ; Knopf, Santa Catalina Island 500; Buchtien, Bolivia 158; Lloyd, Illinois 355; Clokey, Colorado 634; Peattie, Michigan, Indiana and Illinois 264; Gray Herbarium, New England and Nova Scotia 336 ; Dutton, Vermont, 587 ; Bush, Missouri 295; Blake, California 138; Ruth, Texas 529; Grant, Washington 145 ; and 3,205 South American Plants from the Herbier Museum THistoire Naturelle, Paris. The organized additions to the Herbarium and the total number of sheets of those localities to which additions have been made are as follows : Added Total in Added Total in this Her- this Her- Locality Year barium Locality Year barium NORTH AMERICA: United States: Alaska Agatta Island Atka Island Attu Island Baronoff Island. . . Kodiak Island.... Kyska Island Saint Paul Island. Unalaska Island. . . • 23 5 1 1 10 1 1 5 7 152 5 2 3 25 1 1 216 43 Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Catalina Island Carolina, North Carolina, South Colorado Connecticut 10 28 3 423 1,967 32 58 75i 5 1,58/ 8,252 592 26,783 4,890 4,831 1,173 13,694 749 Canada 1 911 Dakota, North 29 693 Mackenzie 1 8 Dakota, South 4 1,887 Nova Scotia • 95 534 Delaware 9 1,384 Ontario • 73 2,474 District of Columbia. 3i 2,766 102 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Locality Added Total in this Her* Year barium Locality Added Total in this Her- Year barium Florida 55 Big Pine Key 1 Georgia 6 Idaho 13 Illinois 484 Indiana 274 Iowa 42 Kansas 129 Kentucky 14 Louisiana 72 Maine 215 Maryland 87 Massachusetts 380 Michigan 188 Isle Royal 2 Minnesota 7 Mississippi 14 Missouri 586 Montana 25 Nebraska 7 Nevada 174 New Hampshire .... 69 New Jersey 101 New Mexico 102 New York 210 Ohio 64 Oklahoma 19 Oregon 34 Pennsylvania 24 Rhode Island 15 Tennessee 9 Texas 605 Utah 40 Vermont 625 Virginia 294 Washington 185 West Virginia 94 Wisconsin 54 Wyoming 4 Bahama Islands : New Providence 10 Turks Island 1 West Indies 3 Antigua 1 Barbados 1 Cuba 74 Guadaloupe 1 Jamaica 215 Martinique 4 Porto Rico 214 Saba, Little 1 Saint Martin 1 Saint Thomas 2 Santa Lucia 1 Santo Domingo 4 Tobago 11 Tortola 1 20,524 4 4,017 3,703 29,220 7,286 1,984 L435 1,411 1,467 i,59i 1,816 5,846 4,155 12 2,392 2,097 4,802 4,241 1,068 1,488 1.679 3.680 3,961 8,210 2,225 343 9,049 10,294 617 1,387 10,632 4d39 4,304 5,169 7,95i 2,283 5,334 I,7°5 2,459 12 14 346 11,248 1.036 9,247 624 4,953 1 1 622 3 1.327 894 80 Mexico 138 Lower California.... 12 Coronados Islands. 11 Magdalena Island . . 1 San Benito Island. 1 Yucatan 1 CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica 12 Gautemala 19 Nicaragua 1 Panama 63 Canal Zone 20 San Salvador 4 SOUTH AMERICA : Argentina 5 Bolivia 162 Brazil 259 Chili 38 Colombia 32 Ecuador 11 Galapagos Islands.. 3 Albemarle Island . . 1 Indefatigable Island 1 Guiana, British 3 Guiana, Dutch 14 Guiana, French 3 Patagonia 2 Peru 70 Uruguay 5 Venezuela 26 Curacao 1 Trinidad 69 EUROPE : Austria 300 Belgium 52 Denmark 6 England 18 Finland 60 France 71 Germany 1,509 Greece 2 Holland 8 Italy 1 12 Sardinia 14 Montenegro 2 Norway 16 Portugal 160 Russia 2 Scotland 1 Spain 3 Sweden 23 Switzerland 287 Turkey 1 Wales 2 3L938 1,697 3i 35 6,762 641 3,102 240 242 85 - 30 1,378 4,558 981 297 3,003 863 4 62 9 77 18 5 29 232 US 736 102 712 8,255 359 389 2,566 180 8,490 io,779 706 30 3,690 47 1,235 256 1,629 587 638 9,819 4,Ui 101 Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. I03 Locality Added this Year Total in Her- barium AFRICA: 2 162 Abyssinia . 2 228 Algeria I 566 Canary Islands . . . I 47 Palma Island . . . I 1 Teneriffe Island . 2 1 14 Cape Colony • • 73 1,901 Egypt 47 Madeira Island . . . .. 28 135 Mozambique 9 33 Nubia 5 16 Soudan 2 2 ASIA : Arabia 4 24 China 7 2,267 India 4 1,077 Bengal 1 3 Locality Added this Year Total in Her- barium Palestine 3 1,152 Persia 6 56 Siberia 4 476 Syria 466 Turkey 5 30 AUSTRALIA: 2,238 New South Wales.. 26 754 Victoria 2 438 Tasmania 1 31 1 OCEANIA : Java 2 1 19 Samoa 1 69 Timor • 15 19 HORTICULTURAL : 11 3,369 ILLUSTRATIONS: . .5,563 7,315 IGNOTA : 12 1,333 Geology. Judge George Bedford of Morris, Illinois, presented the Department of Geology with 381 specimens of fossil plants from the beds of Mazon Creek, Illinois. These specimens exhibit the fine preservation characteristic of fossils from this locality, and, in con- sequence of lessening production of these beds, as well as the intrinsic value of the specimens, are highly prized additions. Eight specimens of ammonites and saurian remains from the Fort Benton beds of Kan- sas were presented by Mr. F. M. Jewell, and Mr. R. K. Thomas pre- sented 45 specimens of invertebrate fossils from Arizona. To the crystal collection, through the generosity of Mr. William J. Chalmers, 281 crystal models, showing the ideal forms of as many natural crys- tals, were added. Mr. Edward E. Ayer presented a set of nine pho- tographs which illustrate methods of construction of a model of Yellowstone Park. These will be of assistance in preparing similar models here. The Standard Oil Company (Indiana) added, during the year, to the series of petroleum products which they had previously pre- sented, 182 specimens of lubricating oils, greases and candles. The same donors also provided glass containers for the exhibit. These, to- gether with the previous donations from this company form a complete series illustrating the various stages of the distillation of petroleum and the products obtained therefrom. Mr. Austin O. Millar made a gift of 25 specimens of the typical diamond-bearing rocks of Arkansas and the minerals which accompany the diamond there. Mr. George Tollefson presented an unsual spec- imen of botrvoidal malachite which he collected at a copper mine in the Belgian Congo, Africa. A peat from Russia given by Mr. Marcus 104 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Hill is a welcome addition to the peat collection, as it represents a locality where this material has recently come into extensive use. Mr. H. K. Thurber gave five specimens of high-grade radium and vanadium ores from Utah and Colorado. From the United States Gypsum Com- pany there was received a carefully prepared series numbering 48 specimens, illustrating industrial products obtained from gypsum and their uses. This collection combines features of attractiveness and instruction in an unusual degree. The most important accession by purchase was that of an iron meteorite, from Navajo, Arizona. This is a mass weighing 3,306 lbs. and is the largest meteorite specimen now in this collection. In addition to its size, it has other interesting and unusual features. Another entire iron meteorite, a new fall weigh- ing 26 lbs., was obtained from Dungannon, Virginia. Zoology. The accessions in the Department of Zoology, though neither large nor numerous, were, nevertheless, of considerable value. The very extensive collections obtained by the Museum’s expeditions in Peru have not yet been received. Among the mammals, the most noteworthy accessions were two Alaska mountain sheep, presented by Mr. William Rindsfoos of Columbus, Ohio; two mountain sheep obtained by Mr. W. J. Morden of Chicago, in the Yukon and given to the Museum; and two Mexican mountain sheep, a gift from Dr. A. P. Chesterfield of Detroit, Michigan. Mr. Carl Akeley presented four white-tailed deer. Forty-seven mammals were obtained by the Museum’s botanical expedition to British Guiana. The most valuable bird acquisition, by purchase, was a passenger pigeon, which was killed in Indiana about fifty-two years ago. This species, which only a generation ago was exceedingly abundant, is now extinct. The few specimens that are still in the hands of private owners are gradually being acquired by various museums. Another acquisition, also by purchase, was a collection of 132 birds from Illinois, Alaska and New Zealand. A notable gift from Mr. Ashley Hine consisted of fifty well pre- pared birds from western Canada. The greater part of this donation can be used to advantage in replacing some of the rather poorly mounted specimens in the exhibit of birds arranged systematically. Although most of the fishes acquired were obtained by means of expeditions, some very desirable acquisitions were received from other sources. An accession of 1,784 Panama salt-water fishes represents the final division of the results of the Museum’s participation in the ichthyological survey of the Isthmus of Panama. A collection Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 105 consisting of 2,797 specimens was obtained on Museum expeditions working along the Dupage, Kankakee, Illinois and Mississippi Rivers. Important donations were made by the Booth Fisheries Company. One of these was a large “fat bass,” weighing over three hundred pounds and measuring over six feet in length. It was taken at a depth of 1,476 feet in the Pacific Ocean. Other welcome gifts, from the same source, were a large halibut weighing, when dressed, a hundred and ten pounds ; a king salmon caught in Lake Michigan, where this Pacific Coast species has been successfully introduced ; starry floun- ders, one of the most showy of the flounder group; and a rat-fish, a representative of a group probably older than the one containing the sharks. From the Tuna Club, Catalina Island, through the much ap- preciated kindness of Mr. Keith Spalding, some very interesting game fishes have been received, among them being a sheepshead, alba- core, California white bass, California yellow-tail, California barra- cuda and a skipjack. Over 290 specimens of reptiles and amphibians were received from Museum expeditions. Of this number, seventy-nine are to be credited to the botanical expedition to British Guiana; forty-nine to the work done by Mr. Weed and Mr. Pray on the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers, and 165 to local field work by various members of the Department. One of the important gifts, received from the Museum of Comparative Zoology, consisted of fifty lizards from the Fiji Islands. All of the species represented in this acquisition were new to the collection. Other noteworthy acquisitions were a gift of 106 specimens from Florida and Texas, received from the Aquarium of Rothschild’s De- partment Store, through the courtesy of Mr. F. S. Young; and 115 specimens from Indiana, donated by Mr. L. L. Walters. Of the limited number of skeletons accessioned, ten were obtained through various expeditions, while five were gifts from various donors. Among the insects accessioned were several acquisitions worthy of mention. By purchase, there were received 225 specimens, mainly beetles, from South Cameroon, Africa. This lot included four perfect examples of the goliath beetle. The Museum’s collection of hawk- moths was further increased by a donation of thirty specimens by Mr. B. Preston Clark of Boston. From Dr. C. E. Hellmayr sixty butterflies and four moths from the highlands of central Europe were received as a gift. By means of local field trips, some very desirable specimens were also obtained. The total number of accessions is 6,666, distributed as follows: Mammals, 98; Birds, 268; Fishes, 4,850; Reptiles and Amphibians, 641 ; Skeletons, 15 ; Insects, 924. 106 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. EXPEDITIONS The year was notable for an unprecedented activity in the field, the importance of which cannot easily be overestimated. As many as twelve expeditions of major importance, representing all the de- partments of the Museum were sent out, eight of which operated in South America which had been selected as a special field for explora- tion. In addition to the expeditions previously mentioned, an expedition, in which Field Museum is cooperating with the University of Oxford, England, has been dispatched to Mesopotamia to explore and excavate the ancient city of Kish, from which important results are expected. Anthropology. The Department of Anthropology at present has three expeditions in the field. Assistant Curator J. Alden Mason left Chicago on the ioth of April for the purpose of making an archaeologi- cal survey of Colombia. Arriving at his destination at Santa Marta toward the end of April, he has since conducted a very active and suc- cessful campaign, travelling along the coast by canoe and over unbeaten tracks in the interior of the country. Near the Cape of San Juan de Guia he discovered the extensive ruins of an ancient city, which pos- sessed stone-paved roads, where he camped for three months. At the end of August, when the work on the best sites was completed, he proceeded by canoe to the bay of Gairaca, where he explored an old Indian ceme- tery in which he found an enormous number of burial urns of immense size, many of which contained fine objects of stone, shell, bone or metal. From there he proceeded to Nahuange, the next bay to the east, where three or four very large mounds yielded excellent results. He found a dozen pottery vessels of artistic quality, among which were the first jars with painted decorations he had so far discovered. They contained upwards of 8,000 carnelian beads, a number of exceptionally fine gold objects, and remarkable ornaments and figurines of a translucent mottled green stone which outwardly resembles jade. In early Decem- ber the expedition was based on Bonda, a small village, a few miles inland from Santa Marta, formerly the center of a large Indian popu- lation. Dr. Mason expects to remain in the field until the end of next April to continue and complete his work in Colombia, and particularly to undertake excavations in Pocigueca, the old capital of the Indians, which is situated in the mountains near Santa Marta. He has already made several shipments to the Museum amounting to some three thousand specimens, which include pottery, gold ornaments, necklaces of stone and shell beads, very fine stone implements, and carved fig- urines. Several hundred negatives haA^e also been received. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 107 In view of the fact that the Museum possesses extensive collections from the Philippines on the one hand, and from the Melanesian Islands on the other, it was proposed as the next logical step to fill the gap between these two areas by engaging in intensive work in the Malay Archipelago. The culture of the Philippine tribes can be fully com- prehended only in connection with that of the other branches of the Malayan family, and must be correlated with the history of the entire stock. Research was therefore recommended in the Malay Penin- sula, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo for the purpose of shedding more light on the early history of the Philippines, and the movements and migrations of the Malayans in general. At the same time it was proposed to secure representative collections adequately illustrating the life, industries and religions of these peoples. In consideration of his former experiences in the Philippines, Assistant Curator Cole was appointed head of the Malaysian expedi- tion, which will remain in the field for a period of approximately eighteen months. Dr. Cole left Chicago on the 10th of June for a brief visit to England and Holland for the purpose of benefiting by the advice of ethnologists familiar with the Malayan field, and study- ing collections from this quarter in the museums abroad. He reached Singapore on the 7th of September and proceeded from there to Kuala Lumpur, the capital of the Federated Malay States. Accompanied by Dr. Robinson, director of the States Museum, he made an excursion into Pahang, the heart of the country of the Sakai, who live in small scattered groups in the high mountains. He spent ten days there gathering information and accumulating material. Subsequently he paid a visit to the state of Perak for the purpose of studying the Semang and the Malay. At Kuala Kangsar, the home of the Sultan of Perak, he succeeded in obtaining such beautiful material, as rich embroideries, fine sarongs and other cloths, some excellent silver, brass, and iron work, and even a royal sarong from the palace. A shipment of nine boxes has been advised by him. Afterwards, he proceeded to Batavia, and from there to Padang, Sumatra, where he is at present engaged in work among the Menangkabau. The Mesopotamia Expedition was organized to excavate the ancient capital of Sumer and Akkad, eight miles east of the city of Babylon. The ancient name of this locality was Kish ; at present it is known by its Arabic name Tell El-Ohemer. Kish was the seat of the oldest dynasty known in history, and was also the seat of three more powerful later dynasties which ruled all Western Asia from 4500 b.c. to 2800 b.c. After that period, Kish occupied a prominent place in the history of io8 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Babylonia until Babylonian history came to a close in the fifth and fourth centuries b.c. The mounds of ancient Kish probably contain the remnants of one of the earliest periods of mankind and the relics of an ancient civilization extending over a span of more than four thousand years. It is expected that the work of this expedition will yield exceed- ingly interesting and important results, and will shed light on the earliest phase of the cultural life of mankind in Babylonia. It is also a novel departure for the Museum, in that the civilizations of Mesopotamia have not yet been represented in its collections. The expedition is under the supervision of Professor S. H. Langdon, head of the Department of Assyriology, Oxford University and a prominent scholar in Semitic philology. A party of excavators left England for Bagdad at the be- ginning of November, and is expected to remain in the East for a period of three years. Botany. Three expeditions of major importance were undertaken by the Department of Botany during the year. Mr. J. F. Macbride and Mr. William Featherstone were commissioned to collect botanical material in Peru. They sailed from New York, on March 22nd, and arrived at Lima, Peru, on April 3rd, where eight days were spent in making arrangements for work in the interior. During this time, ac- quaintance was made with Doctor A. Weberbauer, a Peruvian collector of many years’ experience in the region, and also with Doctor R. Aspiazu and Mr. Albertio Peri. Much valuable assistance and infor- mation concerning the interior were obtained from these gentlemen. On April 12th the Expedition left for Matucana, six hours from Lima, and at an altitude of 8,000 feet. Five hundred (500) numbers were secured at this point, after which the Expedition joined that of the Department of Zoology in the hills at Chosica, where Mr. Macbride, finding the region very interesting from a botanical standpoint, re- mained, while Mr. Featherstone, with the heavier botanical equipment, went on with the Zoological party to establish a base at Huanuco, sixty miles down the Huallaga River from Cerro de Pasco. Mr. Macbride continued collecting at Viso and at Rio Blanco, 11,000 feet altitude. At these two points about 400 specimens were procured, after which he moved on to Casapalca from whence side trips were made to Morococha and Yauli. At the latter place snow and sleet fell daily. After three days’ collecting, he moved on to La Oroya and later to Tarma and San Jose. Through the kindness of M. Paul Adrien and M. Jullier of the Hua.ron Mining Company, he was enabled to collect at Shelby, five hours distant. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXI. A HUGE FRUIT CLUSTER OF Attalea PALM. THIS IMPRESSIVE SPECIMEN OF OVER 3,000 FRUITS WEIGHED 240 POUNDS, STANLEY FIELD BRITISH GUIANA EXPEDITION. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of ti-ie Director. 109 At San Jose, Sr. Galjuf, a coal mine owner, very hospitably enter- tained Mr. Macbride, and generously made him a loan of four horses and an arriero to take him to Huanaco, 120 miles distant. During the journey, stops were made at Mina Ragra, (altitude 15,700 feet) and at Andachaca, Yanahuanca, Uspachaca, Hacienda Cabello, Hacienda Huertas, Hacienda Ambo and at Hacienda Chinche. A number of side trips were made from each of these stations, several of which necessitated remaining out on the plains over night in very cold weather. Reaching Huanaco, the arriero and horses were sent back to Sr. Galjuf, and work was continued at this point with side trips to Mito, collecting at the latter place until August 16th. A journey was also made from here, on foot, to Llata, sixty miles to the west on the river Maranon, returning September 1st. From Mito the upper Hual- laga river was followed to its source near Cerro de Pasco. The expe- dition returned from there to Huanaco, where preparations were made to proceed to the coast at Casma, instead of returning to Lima by rail. Leaving Mito on September 27th, the expedition proceeded on foot, with three pack mules, over the trail to Huaraz on the western side of the Andes, where it arrived October 5th. Leaving Huaraz on October 7th, with horses, for Casma, the trip over the coastal desert region proved so hot that night travel became compulsory. Collections were secured at twenty-seven different localities between Mito and Casma. From there the expedition shipped on the nth of October on a local steamer for Callao, where it transhipped for New York on the 13th, arriving at the latter place on October 27th. The expedition secured in all 2,576 numbers, including about 7,000 specimens, of which 100 were economic material such as native foods, fibers, sugars, “flours” used as bases for native drinks, as well as crude articles of native manufacture. An expedition, financed by the President of the Museum, was sent to British Guiana, particularly for the purpose of securing botan- ical exhibition material and studies for the plant reproductions in the Department of Botany. Doctor B. E. Dahlgren, with Mr. J. R. Millar as aid, were absent from the Museum for about six months. Grenada, Trinidad and Dutch Guiana were visited, but most of the time was spent in British Guiana. The privileges of the Botanic Garden at George- town were generously extended to the expedition, for which thanks are due, particularly to Mr. W. Francis, Acting Director, Department of Science and Agriculture, British Guiana, and to Mr. H. Ward, Superintendent of the Garden. Mr. Chester N. Davies, American Consul in Georgetown rendered efficient aid in connection with the no Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. customs formalities. A small cottage within a short distance of the Botanic Garden was rented to serve as a laboratory and headquarters. A dark-room was improvised for the photographic work, and the bulk of the collections was assembled there. Large pieces which required more space for storage and facilities for handling, drying and packing were generously accommodated by Messrs. Sproston’s Ltd., at their wood-working mills. Two hundred and thirty-five plaster moulds, 427 economic speci- mens and 52 branches were accumulated, which will serve as a basis for plant reconstructions or reproductions for the botanical exhibits. Among these subjects are such interesting forms as the Cannonball tree (Co nr on pita) ; the large flowered Clusia ; the marantaceous Mucro (I schno siphon) , which furnishes the Guiana Indians with their prin- cipal basket material; the curiously developed fruit of the Cashew with its seed hanging exposed below the fleshy, edible peduncle; Dil- lenia and Lager sir ocmia , both East Indian trees, but found cultivated in the American tropics; a banyan-like Willow Fig (Ficus Benjamina) ; and a small Courida tree with its remarkable aerial roots or pneumato- phores. A chocolate tree was secured from the Fernandes Estate at Coveden. A considerable number of herbarium specimens and economic material were collected in Georgetown and in Surinam, and 975 negatives were made. Arrangements were made in Dutch Guiana for government cooperation in securing a collection of Surinam woods, and an agreement was made with a local collector in British Guiana to continue collecting herbarium and economic specimens for the Museum. Some geological and a number of zoological specimens were obtained, among them an Anaconda, a “labba” (Coelogenys) and an “Agouti” ( Dasyprocta ) which were brought home alive. The two latter were presented by the Museum to the Lincoln Park Zoological Gardens. The bulky collections were most carefully packed and reached Chicago in excellent condition. As palms form a conspicuous feature of the flora of the Guianas, and the Botanic Garden and public grounds of Georgetown are rich in introduced species, advantage was taken of the opportunity to secure an extensive collection of dried flowering and fruiting palm spadices, which, together with leaves and photographs of each of some hundred species, form a most valuable and desirable accession to the exhibition and study collections. Conspicuous among them are an entire dried fruit cluster of the Ita Palm, dried flowering spadices and fruit clusters of two species of Attalea, and a perfect specimen of the rarely seen male flowering spadix of the double or Seychelles coconut. JAN., I923. Annual Report of the Director. hi The reason that such striking objects are seldom seen in museums is no doubt to be found in the difficulties of drying and packing for shipment. Clusters of palm fruits, when drying, have a habit of shedding their fruits. It was found that this could be prevented to a large extent by a preliminary killing of the tissues by means of a brief boiling. A vat in a cooperage was utilized, thus rendering it possible to treat even the largest pieces in this manner. The Curator of the Department of Botany spent seven weeks, in September and October, working on South American plants in the herbaria at Paris and London. While at these institutions he was fortunate in arranging exchanges through which this Museum will receive a large amount of material of the earlier collectors in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil. Of these, over 3,000 specimens have already been received. Geology. Early in the year, the Curator of Geology visited Navajo, Arizona, to examine a meteorite that had been found there. It proved on examination to be a mass of much interest, and negotia- tions were entered into, which resulted in its being acquired by the Museum. The surroundings of the place of fall of the meteorite were carefully examined, and a full series of photographs of the locality was made. During the year the Curator spent several months collecting in Brazil. It was desired to secure as full a series as possible of the important minerals and ores of that country, and this object, so far as the opportunties afforded by a single season would permit, was fully attained. Starting from Rio de Janeiro with a companion, Ouro Preto, the former capital of the State of Minas Geraes, and the center of much of the mining industry was reached by rail. Here collections were made in the topaz district, and about the manganese mines of Burnier and the gold mines of Passagem and Morro Velho. Travel was then continued on mule-back for a distance of about 250 miles to Diamantina, passing through the vast iron ore fields about Itabira do Matto Dentro and Conceicao, visiting the aquamarine and other mines of the pegma- tites of Brejauba and Serro, and several more or less abandoned gold and diamond workings of the Caraca quartzite. Some of the diamond mines in the vicinity of Diamantina were visited and collections made of the typical diamond-bearing rocks and satellites of the diamond. Numerous specimens of optical and other quartzes from various localities in the Serra do Cabral were also collected. Returning to Rio de Janeiro, a journey was made to the basin of eruptive rocks in Caldas 1 12 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. in the northern part of the state of Sao Paulo, where a full series of the remarkable deposits of zirkite and the syenitic rocks of that area were collected. In all, about 1,000 specimens of typical gems, minerals and ores of Brazil were collected. The specimens included large topazes, aquamarines, quartzes and citrines, and full representa- tions of the characteristic gold, iron, manganese and aluminum ores of the region. About one hundred and fifty negatives, illustrating min- eral occurrences or other features of the regions visited, were also made. Active collecting in vertebrate paleontology was also resumed. Two able and experienced collectors, Mr. George M. Sternberg and Mr. j. B. Abbott, were engaged, and under the direction of Associate Curator Riggs, two successive expeditions for collecting vertebrate fossils were made during the year. The first expedition, leaving the Museum in the latter part of May, operated in Canada for about three months. The purpose of this expedition was the acquisition of fossil dinosaurs in the basin of the Red Deer river in the Province of Alberta. Two nearly complete skeletons and some leg bones of several ‘‘duckbill” or Trachodont dinosaurs were secured, also a portion of a skeleton of a carnivorous dinosaur, a good skull of a “crested” dinosaur and an incomplete skull of what appears to be a hitherto unknown species of dinosaur. A fossil trunk of a Sequoia tree, 37 feet long and averaging about 18 inches in diameter, was another valuable specimen obtained, a peculiar feature of this specimen being, that while the heartwood or interior wood was silicified, the sapwood was in part changed to lignite. Carapaces and plastrons of four fossil turtles and about 100 specimens of invertebrate and plant fossils were also obtained in the region. Much of the material obtained was in localities so distant from established highways that considerable time and labor had to be devoted to build- ing temporary roads. The total weight of specimens, which have been received at the Museum as a result of the work of this expedition, is about ten tons. After returning from Alberta, Messrs. Riggs, Sternberg and Abbott sailed for Buenos Aires about the middle of November, for the purpose of collecting in Argentina specimens of the large Pleistocene vertebrates and their ancestors that are to be found in that country. During the southern summer the party proposes to visit southern Patagonia and work northward as the winter advances. As the party did not reach the field until the latter part of December, no results from this expe- dition can be reported as yet. Associate Curator Nichols spent about a week in the vicinity of Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 113 LaSalle, Illinois, making photographs and securing data for construct- ing a model of a cement plant. Advantage was taken of the opportunity to obtain representative specimens of several forms of concretions, shales and limestones characteristic of the region. Zoology. Preparations for zoological expeditions were begun early in the year and it was decided to continue in Central Peru, work which was begun there in 1912. Accordingly, Mr. J. T. Zimmer, Assistant Curator of Birds, sailed from New York on March 22nd, and three weeks later, on April 12th, Mr. Edmund Heller, Assistant Curator of Mammals, and Mrs. Hilda Hempel Heller sailed to join him. This party worked in cooperation with the botanical expedition to the same region conducted by Mr. J. F. Macbride and Mr. William Featherstone. They sailed direct to Callao, Peru, and, after brief preliminary work on the arid western slopes of the Andes, .proceeded by rail to the ele- vated mining town of Cerro de Pasco, and thence down the eastern slopes of the mountains. Having organized for travel, they worked independently, Mr. Heller devoting himself to the collection of mam- mals, Mrs. Pleller assisting him and giving special attention to photog- raphy, while Mr. Zimmer made collections of birds. They arranged to work intensively in the region about the headwaters of the three important tributaries of the Amazon, the Maranon, the Huallaga and the Ucayali. Bases were, therefore, established at the 'small towns of Ambo and Huanuco and successive excursions were made into the valleys of the three rivers mentioned and to the partly isolated high- lands lying between them. It was thus possible to work from as great a height as 15,000 feet down to the hot forests on the Amazonian plain, covering a range of physical conditions of great variety. These plans were successfully carried out, and as this report is being written, the expedition is moving eastward to work in the Upper Amazon Valley above Iquitos, whence it is expected to return early in 1923. Owing to uncertainties of transportation in remote regions, it was deemed advisable to store the collections until they could be escorted to the railroad for shipment. Therefore, nothing has so far been received from the expedition. The importance of the collections can- not be fully judged until they have been studied, but, so far as re- ported, they will surpass, both in extent and importance, any similar collections previously made in Peru. They will, apparently, number 3,000 or more actual specimens, among them being many rare and some unknown animals. In continuation of the Museum's exploration of South America, the 1X4 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Curator of Zoology, accompanied by Mr. C. C. Sanborn, Assistant in the Division of Birds, and Mr. Boardman Conover, sailed on November 16th from New York, via Panama, for Valparaiso, Chile. This expe- dition will give its attention to the fauna of southern and central Chile, including some large, but little worked, islands along the coast. Mr. Sanborn will collect principally in Chile, and will remain in the field throughout the year 1923. The other members of the party, after working in Chile, will visit important points in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil, and return to Chicago late in 1923. In addition to expeditions sent to distant regions, several were also made to neighboring districts. Worthy of special mention were the results of one, made by the Assistant Curator of Fishes and the fish taxidermist, along the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers. On this expe- dition, 1,080 specimens were obtained, as well as plaster casts and color notes needed to reproduce some of the most interesting species. The following list indicates the various expeditions sent out during the year: Colombia J. Alden Mason Archaeological Collections. Mesopotamia S. H. Langdon Archaeological Collections. Malayasia Fay-Cooper Cole Ethnological Collections. Peru J. F. MacBride and Herbarium and Economic Speci- Wm. Featherstone mens. British Guiana B. E. Dahlgren Herbarium and Economic Speci- J. R. Millar mens. Alberta, Canada Elmer S. Riggs Paleontological Specimens. J. B. Abbott and G. M. Sternberg Brazil O. C. Farrington Gems, Ores and Minerals. Patagonia Elmer S. Riggs Paleontological Specimens. J. F. Abbott and G. M. Sternberg Peru J. T. Zimmer Birds and Eggs. Peru Edmund Heller Mammals. Mrs. Hilda Hempel Heller Chile, Argentine, Uruguay and Brazil . . .W. H. Osgood Mammals and Birds. C. C. Sanborn and Boardman Conover Mississippi River A. C. Weed and Fishes and Reptiles. L. L. Pray ANACONDA. WATER BOA. COLLECTED BY STANLEY FIELD BRITISH GUIANA EXPEDITION. CELLULOID REPRODUCTION BY L. L. WALTERS Jan., 1923. . Annual Report of the Director. 115 INSTALLATION, RE-ARRANGEMENT, AND PERMANENT IMPROVEMENT Anthropology. In the Department of Anthropology ninety exhi- bition cases were newly installed during the year. The total number of cases at present on exhibition in the halls of the Department, inclu- sive of the new Halls I and J on the ground floor, amounts to 744. Busts of prehistoric races of man, modeled by Professor McGregor of Columbia University, have been installed in Case 3, Stanley Field Hall. The Pithecanthropus erectus of Java, the Neanderthal man of La Chapelle-aux- Saints and the Cro-magnon man of western Europe are shown there, together with a series of casts of skulls. Another addition made to Stanley Field Hall is the green-glazed pottery mastiff presented by Mr. Martin A. Ryerson, which is placed in Case 7- The Roman bath-tub formerly in Case 3 has been removed into Edward E. Ayer Hall. In consequence of the new plan to concentrate all the Egyptian collections in a specially constructed room on the ground floor, Edward E. Ayer Hall was subjected to a thorough revision. Nine standard cases containing Egyptian antiquities and seventeen special cases con- taining Egyptian mummies were conveyed from there to their new quarters. To take their place, five cases were newly installed, two containing reproductions of Irish antiquities, and three displaying Roman lamps and candelabra, and red-figured vases from Italy. While in the previous arrangement the cases were three abreast, they are now arranged in pairs, which has considerably improved the appearance of the hall, which now shelters 42 cases, instead of 62 as formerly. For the Roman frescoes, new labels were prepared and installed, and twenty-two reproductions of antique furniture on wooden bases have been distributed between the pilasters. In Plall 4, six cases containing Nootka, Athapascan and Coast Salish material were re-installed, and the labeling both in this and Mary D. Sturges Hall was completed. During the year the extensive Plains Indian collections of the Museum in Hall 5 have been re-organized, and in large part re-installed by Assistant Curator, Ralph Linton, who assumed his duties on February 1. Twenty-eight newly installed cases have thus far been placed on exhibition. The tribes of this region fall into three divisions. On the eastern edge of the Plains and along some of the rivers were settled tribes which tilled the ground, and whose culture had much in common with that of the tribes of the wooded country farther east. The central region was occupied by n6 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports,. Vol. VI. nomadic tribes devoted to hunting, who practised little or no agriculture, and subsisted principally on the buffalo. Their culture was distinctive, and its affiliations have never been satisfactorily established. On the western edge of the Plains lived still other tribes whose culture was intermediate between that of the central tribes and that of the Indians of the Rocky Mountain plateau. The new arrangement of Hall 5 is designed to emphasize these differences, and to enable the visitor to receive and carry away a clear idea of the mode of life of each of these three divisions. The south section of the Hall is devoted to the hunting tribes of the central region, the Cheyenne and Arapaho being taken as typical representatives of this group. These two tribes were in close alliance for many years; their ordinary artifacts and method of life were identical. Beginning at the west end of the Hall, the visitor is shown, first, the utilitarian side of their culture, with exhibits illustrating their appliances for travel and hunting, their tools a«id utensils, their clothing, ornaments and weapons, as well as their dwell- ings and household furniture. Following these are exhibits which illustrate their religious life. Various objects used in the Sun Dance are displayed, together with a collection of the insignia of the men’s and women’s societies that is nearly complete. These insignia are of special interest, several of the objects being the only specimens of their kind now in existence. The last four cases on this side are devoted to the Crow, a tribe living to the north of the Cheyenne and Arapaho, and differing from them in minor details only. The collec- tion has been so arranged as to emphasize these variations, which are most marked along the line of costume and decorative art. A new group, consisting of a Crow woman in festive dress leading a horse decorated with full trappings, has been installed in the central aisle. The northwest quarter of the Hall contains material from the Black- foot, Assiniboin and Dakota tribes of the Central Plains, which also differed in some respects from the Cheyenne and Arapaho. The ex- hibits are especially designed to illustrate these features which were distinctive in the culture of each tribe. The Dakota form a link between the tribes of the Central Plains and those of the eastern border, their western bands being nomadic hunters, and their eastern settled agriculturists. Because of the pressure of the whites, many of the eastern Dakota joined their nomadic relatives, and objects of eastern origin were thus carried far out into the Plains. A number of such objects is shown, including medicine bags of a form characteristic of the central Algonquins. The central portion of the north side of the Hall is devoted to the various village tribes of the Plains. The Osage Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 117 have been chosen as typical of a number of Sioux tribes living on the eastern edge of the area. Many of their artifacts, notably their woven bags and sashes, bear a strong resemblance to those made by the Woodland tribes still farther east, which are shown in the adjoining- section of Hall 4. The Arikara serve as representatives of a group of three settled tribes, the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara, who for- merly lived on the upper Missouri. They built large permanent houses, manufactured pottery, and also made a peculiar form of carrying basket, similar in its weaving to the basketry of the southeastern forest tribes. Examples of both their pottery and basketry are placed on exhibition. The life of the Pawnee and Wichita, tribes of the same linguistic stock as the Arikara, who lived farther to the south, is illus- trated by representative collections. These tribes were remarkable for the high development of their religious beliefs and ceremonial obser- vances, and the exhibits include sacred bundles and other objects of paramount interest. Material from the Ute, Bannock, and Shoshone has been placed in the northeast section of the Hall, adjoining the collections from the Plateau tribes exhibited in Hall 4. These three tribes seem to have moved out into the Plains in comparatively recent times, and their culture shows a blend of features characteristic of the tribes of the Plains and Plateau area. They differ from the Central Plains tribes principally in their extensive use of basketry and in their retarded social and religious development. The arrangement of the collections attempts to demonstrate these diversities. I11 Hall 6 a case of Apache clothing has been re-installed more effectively. Twenty-one cases have been removed from Joseph N. Field Hall, for the purpose of obtaining more space and of opening up the cen- tral portion. All the old false-back cases will be eliminated and re- placed by screen or shelf cases. In order to retain the representative character of these valuable collections it will be necessary to reinstall most of the cases, but the material will be considerably condensed in the process. Three new cases dealing with New Ireland, the Admiralty and Solomon Islands have already been installed with material taken from six old cases. In this manner room will be made for several cases of new material, not yet exhibited, from New Guinea and some of the surrounding islands. The installation of a special hall of Oriental Theatricals on the ground floor necessitated the removal of twelve cases from Plall 24. A quantity of Chinese material was also released from storage, and nine new cases were installed as fol- lows: Ancient bone carvings, seals and amulets; bronzes of the Sung, Ming and Manchu periods; decorative bronze, chiefly censers and n8 Field Museum of Natural History— Reports, Vol. VI. candlesticks illustrating representations of animals; cloisonne enamel, painted enamel, iron and bronze inlaid with gold and silver wire; household objects of tin, including a set given as dower to a Peking bride; carvings of wood, bamboo, roots, ivory and lacquer; hide armor, weapons and utensils of the Lolo (cf. p. 9 7) ; Buddhist stone sculpture of the Sung, Ming and Manchu periods; and Buddhist votive figures of bronze, gilt bronze and clay of the early periods (Cases iA, 22-24, 26, 3 7, 49, 56). The addition of these cases resulted in a new and improved arrangement of the Hall. Fifteen maps were placed in the twelve cases on the south gallery containing the models of Chi- nese pagodas, the locality of each pagoda being indicated on the map. One of the Chinese screens deposited by Mrs. Marshall Field, Sr., is shown in Room 23. The William Wrigley and Arthur B. Jones collection of Indian sculpture will be assembled in a single standard case and placed in Hall 32 in order to ensure its proper geographical setting. The Tibetan bone apron, presented by Mr. Jones, will be found in Case 74. To this Hall was also added a new case containing the Tibetan stone sculpture obtained by the Blackstone Expedition. These pieces have not been exhibited before and are exceedingly rare. Owing to the removal of Japanese exhibits into Frank W. Gunsaulus Hall, it became necessary to modify the arrangement of the central portion of Hall 32. The gap was filled by two cases installed with shields and weapons, copper, brass and bidri ware from India. Four stone statues from Java, an old acquisition of the Museum, were likewise placed on exhibition, and the gold image, received from the Philippines this year, is shown in H. N. Higinbotham Hall. All cases in this Hall, as well as in Hall 24, were renumbered. The moving of cases in the former Hall for the purpose of recalcimining the walls necessitated rearrangement of specimens in the nine wall-cases. Room 33 in the northwest corner of the second floor, formerly named Frank W. Gunsaulus Hall, proved too small to contain all the Japanese collections of the Museum. After the removal of the Library to the third floor, provision was made for this section to be accommodated in Hall 30 in the southeast corner of the second floor. These two rooms are now known as Frank W. Gunsaulus Hall, and were thrown open to the public on the 5th of August. Both the old and new acquisitions from Japan are here exhibited in thirteen cases, the smaller room being assigned to a display of surimono. The large tapestry representing a procession to the temples of Nikko, which had been withdrawn from exhibition for several years, has been re-instated to its former prom- Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 119 inence. The Gunsaulus collection of Japanese sword mounts has been re-installed in two cases specially built in the Museum. This collection was received in 1916 and was installed by the curator in 1917 in two standard cases which held the entire collection. It was deemed advis- able, however, to adopt a selective method in dealing with them, and 228 guards and 118 smaller mounts with six mounted swords of various forms were picked for exhibition. The sword-guards or tsuba exhibit- ed are arranged as far as possible in chronological order. The develop- ment of decorative design as applied to them may be traced from the sixteenth-century iron specimens, which are either plain or ornamented with open work, chiselling, or brass inlay, down to the eighteenth or nineteenth century, when they were often made of alloys and adorned with precious metals in relief. The specimens, which illustrate the work of almost all the important artists of sword mounts, are grouped according to schools and provinces. The remainder of the collection of sword mounts is classified and deposited in a cabinet in Room 51 (third floor), where it is available for students. In Hall I located in the center of the ground floor, a new plan has been formulated in order to bring together the popular pastimes and theatrical performances as practised in Oriental countries. The object of these exhibits is to illustrate, as far as it is possible with the mate- rial at present in the Museum’s possession, the development of dramatic art in the Orient. The exhibits are grouped in geographical order as follows : stage scene from the greatest religious drama of the Chinese (Case 1, continued in Cases 2-4) ; the dance of the lions, China (Case 5) ; actors’ masks from a play formerly given in honor of an emperor’s birthday, and representing the principal gods and goddesses of the Taoist religion, China (Cases 6-7) ; the shadow-play, China (Cases 8-9) ; masks used in mystery-plays of the Lamas, and costumed figures with masks, Tibet (Cases 10-17) ; puppet play, Java (Cases 18-19) ; orchestral instruments accompanying performances, Java (Cases 20- 21) ; actors’ masks, head-dresses and costumes, Java (Cases 22-25) J Singhalese masks used by actors in pantomimes and comedies, and others used by sorcerers in the healing of disease (Cases 26-28). Of these 28 cases 16 were newly installed and labeled during the year. The Chinese stage scene was shown in the old building in a condensed manner in a case 13 x 7 feet. This case has been doubled in size, making it possible to display the figures and paraphernalia in exactly the same manner as shown on the Chinese stage. The blocks of two Mastaba tombs from Egypt were unpacked and laid out in order in the south hall of the ground floor. All of them were found in a 120 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. surprisingly good condition and will require no treatment. Preparations are well under way to erect the tombs at the earliest opportunity. Four old cases have been remodeled and renovated, nine screens were built, and storage racks for the modeler’s quarters and Room 35 (physical anthropology) were erected. In Room 66 the Chinese paint- ings were systematically arranged in the cabinet specially built for their accommodation last year. The Indian baskets presented by Mr. Homer E. Sargent were tribally grouped and stored in the same room. Indian house models were stored in Room 36. The material shipped by Dr. Mason from Colombia was checked and stored in racks in Room 40, valuables being deposited in the office safe. Storage cases in the clerestories of the fourth floor were re-arranged. In the modeling, section of the Department three Japanese women’s heads, hands, and feet were completed and utilized for the exhibition of Japanese cos- tumes. The small working model of a New Guinea village group was completed in July, and the foundation was built for the actual model to be made on the scale of 8'x8'. Fifty injured specimens required for exhibition were restored, and forty dummies were made for the exhi- bition of Plains Indians’ costumes. Moulds and other accessories were arranged in the newly built storage racks. Material in 116 exhibition and storage cases was poisoned during the year. Botany. The Section of Plant Reproductions (Stanley Field Laboratories), completed and placed on exhibition during the past year the following plant studies: A complete natural size Pineapple Plant in full leaf and flower; a life size plant of the Water Hyacinth in flower; a number of flowers of the Four o’ Clock arranged to illustrate Mendelian inheritance; and a branch of Agathis in fruit and one of Hymenaea were added to the amber-like resin case in Stanley Field Hall. Work was begun, and in some cases is near completion, on the following life size plant reproductions: The “Cajou” ( Anacardium occidcntale) , a branch in full leaf and fruit; Dillenia, a leafing, flower- ing and fruiting branch ; Clusia, a fruiting and flowering leafy branch; edible Passion flower fruits; Borassus Palm, a fruiting spadix; “Cicana” , a cucumber-like gourd similar in taste to a cantaloupe, and which has a delightful fragrance; a complete plant of the Florida “Coontie”, Z\ amia floridana ; an enlarged flower of the “Neem” or “Margosa” tree, Melia Azediracha; a whole plant of the Mistletoe in flower, leaf and fruit; flowers of the Chocolate plant; and a number of enlarged fibers of various economic fiber plants such as cotton, hemp, flax, ramie, jute and others. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXIII. IRON METEORITE FROM NAVAJO, ARIZONA. WEIGHT, 3,006 POUNDS. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 121 Four blocks of new steel cases have been added to the equipment of the Herbarium, which provide 768 additional pigeonholes for the accommodation of the collections. Geology. In the Department of Geology, the Navajo meteorite acquired during the year was installed in a floor case in Hall 34. Space for the installation was obtained by consolidating in one case specimens of the Canyon Diablo meteorites, which had previously occupied two cases. The installation of the entire meteorite collection was also improved during the year by mounting all the specimens on individual blocks. Reconstruction and mounting of the skeleton of Columbian mam- moth presented by Mr. George Manierre in 1914 was completed early in the year, and the mount placed on exhibition in Hall 38. The work of reconstruction, in addition to that mentioned in the report of last year, included modelling and coloring of some leg bones, ribs and foot bones. A new steel framework for supporting the skeleton was also constructed, this work being done in the Museum laboratories. In this construction a very satisfactory combination of lightness and strength was obtained. A new base was also prepared, this being of standard Museum pattern, but with an inset of plaster, modelled and colored to represent ground. The skeleton is posed in the attitude assumed by the animal in walking. A specimen of the head of a Devonian fish, Macropetalichthys, which had been dissected for examination by Dr. Erik Stensio of the University of Upsala, during a stay of ten days at the Museum, was reinstalled in such a manner as to make the dissected parts visible. In preparing this specimen for exhibition all the bony parts were given a thin stain of water-color of a brown tint which was characteristic of the bone of the specimen. The delicate veins and arteries were then picked out in a slightly lighter, and the nervous system in a slightly darker color. The matrix was given a gray stain similar to that of the original matrix. These stains, being approximately the color of the underlying material, do not materially affect the appearance of the specimen, beyond making its minute features more evident. The separate pieces used for study of the specimen were then assembled into a fewer number of larger ones, for which a special type of sup- port was prepared. This was done by covering the backs of the assem- bled specimens with a sheet of tin-foil. Over this foil a plaster sup- port was cast, and after it had hardened this was removed and the tin-foil discarded. The plaster was then trimmed, shellacked and colored. The specimen, thus mounted, makes a good exhibit, and yet 122 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. may be readily dissembled for close study. The results of Dr. Stensio’s study of the specimen, the publication of which is expected shortly, promise to furnish an important contribution to paleontology, since the specimen afforded for the first time an opportunity to obtain an exact and detailed knowledge of the shape of the brain and details of the nervous and circulatory system of the head of a vertebrate animal of this very early period. The preservation of these soft parts was so perfect that they could be studied almost as well as if it were a fresh specimen. Owing to modern advances in petroleum refining and developments in the products obtained, the larger part of the collection in Hall 36 which illustrates pretoleum products and their uses has been reorganized. This reorganization involved not only withdrawing obsolete and sub- stituting it by modern material, but also making a new arrangement and classification. The new material, as well as glass containers and a large exhibition case, was presented by the Standard Oil Company (Indiana). The new case is six feet square and eight feet high and is glazed on all sides. Its interior is fitted with glass shelves mounted upon glass pedestals. It has been placed in the center aisle in the east part of the hall. In it are shown lubricating oils and similar allied products of petroleum, the heavier and darker groups being placed in the lower part of the case and the lighter and lighter-colored groups above. This arrangement helps to bring out the full effect of the colors. From an adjoining case, part of the lubricating oils have been removed and a series of lubricating greases put in their place. Import- ant additions have also been made to the collection of petroleum jellies or vaselines. A collection, which had for many years been on exhibi- tion illustrating successive stages in the manufacture of finished oils according to the methods employed in utilizing Pennsylvania petroleums in 1892, has been completely discarded as obsolete and a new collection showing successive stages according to modern practice as employed by the Standard Oil Company (Indiana) has been substituted. On account of the widespread interest evinced at the present time in oil-shales, a collection of specimens of these from several sources was assembled and placed on exhibition in Hall 35. The collection occupies one half of a floor case. The nucleus of the collection is a series presented last year by exhibitors at the American Mining Congress and by the U. S. Bureau of Mines. With these, specimens presented by Mr. J. A. Ede and others, and specimens formerly exhibited under other groupings have been incorporated. Exhibits illustrating the use of coal-tar pitch as a binder have been added to the coal by-products Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 123 collection, where they demonstrate a group of uses for this material not before shown. The peat collections have been enlarged by the addition of a series of the peats of Minnesota. A collection illustrating various products and uses of gypsum, pre- sented by the United States Gypsum Company, has been installed in a floor case and part of a wall case in Skiff Hall. Several specimens of crude gypsum, representing important sources of supply not hitherto shown, have been added to the exhibited series. In order to provide room for these combined exhibits, the floor cases containing asbestos, which had previously occupied two alcoves, were assembled in one, and the floor case containing gypsum placed in the empty alcove. A collection of gypsum products acquired earlier was also exchanged with one exhibiting lime in order to assemble the gypsum exhibits in one alcove. The model of the Natural Bridge of Virginia has been provided with models to scale of an automobile and eighteen human figures. With these figures present for comparison, the great size of the bridge becomes more apparent. Seven models of human figures, one and one-half inches high, have also been made and placed in the models of the iron-smelting furnaces. These figures, to insure durability, were made of metal. Some of them were cast in Babbitt metal, but those last made have been carved directly from lead, this having been found to give a quicker and easier means of obtaining the desired result. Some progress has been made in the construction of a model of a plant for the manufacture of Portland cement. It is proposed to exhibit this model in connection with the collection of these cements in Hall 36. This model is designed to illustrate all stages of the production of cement from the mining of the raw materials to the final finished product. After some investigation and inquiry, the plant of the Mar- quette Cement Company at Oglesby, Illinois, seemed to be the best adapted for the purpose, and, with the hearty consent and active co- operation of the officials of the company, the modelling of this plant was undertaken. The scale of the model now under construction is twelve and one-half feet to the inch. When completed it will be ten feet long and four feet wide. Details of mining the limestone and clay for the cement will be shown, the methods of transportation, and also the crushers, kilns and other machinery of the mills. Some of the larger elements of the machinery will be shown in section as well as entire, so that all stages of the process may be clearly portrayed. The model is being made in two sections, to be joined later. The first of these sections is now nearly completed. 124 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Two attractive and substantial map filing cases have been made from plans prepared in the Department, which ensure the preserva- tion of the maps and render them readily available for reference. The cases contain drawers of two sizes, one suitable for the topographic maps and atlases of the U. S. Geological Survey, and the others for larger maps. The cases contain 70 drawers. In them there have been carefully filed, grouped alphabetically by states and alphabetically under each state, 2,856 maps of the U. S. Geological Survey. The atlases of the same Survey, numbering 213, have also been placed in the drawers in numerical order, and 27 large miscellaneous maps have been given adequate space. Some additions have been made to the equipment of the chemical laboratory, which will considerably facilitate work there, though much needs yet to be provided. Two permanent laboratory desks with stone tops and piped for gas, water and air were constructed, as well as a portion of a hood. A similar desk and part of a hood have been pro- vided for the Curator’s laboratory. Some new apparatus, including a Parr calorimeter, with all accessories, Stokes still, drying oven of U. S. Bureau of Standards type, hand rock-crusher and bucking-board, has been obtained. During the year several calorimetric determinations of the heating value of the fuels used by the Museum have been made, as well as various analyses of substances used in the Museum or belong- ing to the collections. The patina of a number of Japanese sword guards belonging to the Japanese collection has been restored. To the equipment of the paleontological laboratory a drill-press and engine lathe, each with individual motors, have been added, and the forge was connected with a flue, making it available for operation. Use of this equipment made it possible to construct in the laboratory the steel framework on which the skeleton of the Mammoth was mounted, and to manufacture many tools and other articles needed for field- work. Text for two guide leaflets, one on the model of the Arizona gold mine and one on the models of the blast furnaces for the smelting of iron, were prepared by Associate Curator Nichols and published j during the year. Zoology. The exhibition work in the Department of Zoology con- sisted mainly of the reinstallation of some of the cases, the preparation of specimens for groups, and the mounting of those species needed to fill gaps in the serial exhibit. In Hall 22, four cases containing the higher Primates were re-installed. The paired specimens were removed from their unsightly bases, thoroughly cleaned and otherwise improved. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 125 Instead of installing each pair of animals on a separate base, they were placed on a new ground-work base that covered the entire bottom of the case. This change added much to the attractiveness of the exhibit of these interesting animals. For the contemplated group of American elk, the taxidermist modeled four animals and made plaster casts of them. The serial exhibit, it was believed, could be made more interesting by showing a complete series of some of the well known North American mammals. For this reason work was started on two cases, the one to contain a specimen of each of the large American cats; the other to show the bears of North America. For the case of cats, a jaguar and a mountain lion were modeled and cast, and the work on one specimen for the bear case has been advanced to a similar degree. Eight cases of the fish exhibit have been greatly improved by re- painting the black screens with a light neutral tint, similar to that used on the screens in the bird cases. The specimens were rearranged and augmented, with the result that the exhibit has been made much more attractive. Since black labels are not very satisfactory on light back- grounds, as an experiment, one case has been installed with labels more in harmony with the color of the screen. The taxidermist assigned to the Division of Fishes - completed the mounting of the thirty-five specimens, work on which was started last year. In addition, he has eighty or more specimens under way. These, on being completed, will be installed when there are enough in hand to fill a screen. He has also prepared a series of specimens showing the different stages of the art of mounting fishes by his greatly improved method. The taxidermist engaged in reproducing reptiles and amphibians by means of his cel- luloid process has secured remarkable results, several of his most recent reproductions being wonderfully life-like. The species that he has now reproduced in celluloid include, among the amphibians, two green tree frogs, a pickerel frog, four ’leopard frogs showing variation of color pattern, one toad, a mud puppy, a hell-bender and two western newts. Among the reptiles are a six-lined lizard, a turtle and eight snakes, of which the most notable are a pilot snake and a fourteen foot anaconda. A case containing the two habitat groups of insects, that were mentioned in the report for last year, was completed and placed on exhibition at the beginning of the year. Considerable progress has been made in condensing the shell collection. By eliminating duplicates, four cases have been reinstalled with a representative series of families that formerly filled over eight cases. As a preliminary step toward forming the long delayed exhibit of 126 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. butterflies, a series of North American species have been selected and many of them remounted and relabeled. Whenever an empty case becomes available by condensing the shell exhibit, it will be utilized for the exhibition of butterflies or other insects. During the latter part of the year, there was installed in Hall 19 a panel exhibit, showing the well known periodical or seventeen-year cicada in its various stages. This insect wras exceedingly abundant in northern Illinois during the early part of the summer and will not appear again for another seventeen years. A Leaflet on the same insect has also been prepared, and only awaits the completion of the drawings for a plate before it is submitted for publication. For the rearrangement of the exhibits, the Curator formulated plans and made diagrams showing tentative provisions for the growth and development of each division. In collaboration with Mr. Boardman Conover, he prepared a paper entitled “Game Birds from Northwestern Venezuela.” This was issued by the Museum as Publication 210 of the Zoological Series. He also wrote a Leaflet on the “White-tailed Deer.” As chairman of the local committee of the American Ornithologists’ Union, which held its annual meeting in the Museum, he endeavored to make the meeting as successful as possible. During the absence in the field of the Assistant Curator of Birds, noteworthy progress in arranging the reference collection of birds and in labeling specimens was made. The Assistant in the Division of Birds prepared a Leaflet on the “Chicago Winter Birds.” On assuming his duties in the Museum, Dr. C. E. Hellmayr, the Associate Curator of Birds, examined the entire collection, rearranged many of the families, and in many ways rendered the specimens more accessible and hence more useful. Besides naming several lots sent for determination by other museums, he has identified over 1,200 bird skins. He has, likewise, given considerable attention to desiderata for the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library. The reference collection of fishes was given some needed attention, but there still remain several large collections and some smaller groups that have not yet been dis- tributed. Specimens which could be so treated were placed on the shelves arranged in families and a finding list prepared for them. About one-third of the material so arranged has been relabeled and catalogued in an alphabetic index of genera and species. Shelf labels in large type, giving the name and number of the family or families represented on each shelf, were printed and installed. The work of accessioning and cataloguing the specimens in the Division of Reptiles and Amphibians was given first consideration. The NELU MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY AMERICAN BISON. BUFFALO. GIFT OF MR. ARTHUR B. JONES. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 127 Assistant Curator also prepared a Leaflet on “The American Alligator,” identified a collection of lizards from the Fiji Islands, and gave atten- tion to the preparations for an expedition to British Honduras and Honduras early in 1923. Besides cleaning skulls and skeletons of both mammals and fishes, the Assistant Curator of Osteology dismounted and placed in the reference collection a number of skeletons. The sea elephant has been entirely remounted, and the fingers and toes have been wired so as to preclude the possibility of their being broken, if handled. THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION OF FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY At the end of the year 1922, this Department had 752 cases avail- able for distribution among the schools of Chicago. A scheme, by which three cases were loaned at regular intervals to each of 323 schools for a period of sixteen school-days, was systematically maintained during the year. The adoption of a new method, by which the delivery and collection of the cases are made at or near the principal’s office, has greatly facilitated operations, which must be made during school hours in order that proper receipts may be obtained. In addition to sched- uled loans, many others were made at the requests of principals and teachers. As the demand was almost wholly for cases containing indus- trial and commercial exhibits, it was considered advisable to prepare a larger number than usual of cases of this character. This has been made possible by the temporary employment of a former preparator of this department. The subject of one of the cases is “Useful things ob- tained from Coal,” and sixteen of the best known were selected from among its numerous products. In addition to the usual general and specimen labels, the case is provided with an attractive and unique diagram illustrating the 'products. Permission was obtained, in response to applications, to loan cases to schools other than public schools. These were the Francis W. Parker and the North Central High Schools, the latter being in charge of the Sisters of Charity. A similar request from the Concordia Evangelical Lutheran School was received too late for inclusion in the schedule of deliveries. A special loan of several cases was made to the main Chicago Public Library, and subsequently a request was made and granted, that the Library be placed on the schedule with the schools. At the annual convention of the National Education Associa- tion held in Chicago, February 27th to March 4th, several cases were, 128 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. by request, placed on exhibition to illustrate the aspect of visual in- struction as presented by the Harris Extension, and lantern slides of other cases of the Extension were used in lectures. The Mid-winter Institute for Teachers of MacLean County, Illinois, through Professor F. Dean McClusky, Instructor of Education at the University of Illi- nois, requested the loan of a number of cases for exhibition and dis- cussion during the three days' meeting of the Institute at Bloomington, the eight cases sent being much appreciated. At the request of the Administrative Secretary of the U. S. National Museum at Washington, D. C., a case was sent there for use in a lecture given by Dr. Paul Bartsch, Curator, Division of Marine Inver- tebrates, of that Institution. In a letter Dr. Bartsch said : “Your loan groups are windows, a view through which should create the desire to pass through the door into the larger field." Ten cases were placed on exhibition at the south end of George M. Pullman Hall during the annual meeting of the American Ornithologists' Union. Cases were loaned to the Zoological Museum of the University of Minnesota and the Public Museum of Milwaukee as samples in making cases for a similar purpose. Guide-Lecturer. A Guide-Lecturer was appointed on February the 15th for the purpose of conducting school children, clubs, societies and other visitors through the Museum Halls, and giving information and lectures on the various exhibits. The scheme proved successful and it was decided to develop especially the elementary educational section. After consultation with Mr. Peter A. Mortensen, Superinten- dent of Chicago Public Schools, and Mr. Dudley Grant Hayes, Director of Visual Education, a programme was arranged by which lectures at the Museum were made to correlate with class-room work in all the grades. During the six months in which the schools were in session, lectures were given to 139 classes attended by a total of 4,927 children. The number of clubs and conventions that visited the Museum during the year was not large, but is increasing as wider publicity is given to the lectures. In all, 43 clubs and conventions, numbering 1,682 per- sons, availed themselves of the service. To meet the requirements of casual visitors, a programme of eight weekly tours was announced late in July, which were well attended during the tourist season. The number of tours conducted was 67, representing an attendance of 527. Members of the scientific staff cooperated actively to make this section a success. The total number of lectures given during the year was 249, and the attendance amounted to approximately 10,000. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 129 GENERAL Printing. As all publications, leaflets, and other matter are now printed in the Museum, the work of this section has considerably in- creased. 5,540 publications, 30,173 leaflets, and 11,910 special issues were printed and bound during the year. The number of labels and other impressions printed was as follows : Exhibition Other Labels Impressions Anthropology 6,047 2,000 Botany 133 52,642 Geology 711 2,900 Zoology 636 25,777 Harris Extension . . . 326 500 General 312 19,549 Total 8,165 103,368 Photography. The following is a tabulation of the work done it this section : Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Lantern. Post Cards Nega- Enlarge- Negatives Prints Slides Made tives ments Developed Made Made Made Made Field Exp. General 163 3,352 287 30 746 Anthropology 515 27 I,8lO Botany 109 2,653 Geology 51 340 1,328 Zoology 23 144 86 143 Harris Extension.. 78 175 Sale 35 48 Gift 10 125 Totals 231 3,3 52 1,184 57 426 7,028 Photogravure. The number of photogravures printed during the year for various purposes is given below : Publications 56,000 Leaflets 96,000 Postal Cards 20,000 Total 172,000 Herewith are also submitted financial statements, lists of accessions, names of members, etc., etc. D. C. DAVIES, Director. 130 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ATTENDANCE STATISTICS FROM JANUARY 1, 1922 TO DECEMBER 31, 1922 Total Attendance 386,299 Paid Attendance 74,339 Free Admission on Pay Days : School Children 21,537 Students 8,745 Teachers 1,058 Members — Corporate 25 Life 62 Annual 33 Officers’ Families 20 Press 46 Special 447 Admissions on Free Da3rs: Thursdays 54,158 Saturdays 60,507 Sundays 165,322 Highest Attendance on any day (June 25, 1922) 5,169 Lowest Attendance on any day (December 18, 1922) 42 Highest Paid Attendance (September 4, 1922) 2,140 Average Daily Admissions 1,058 Average Paid Admissions 359 Guides sold 18,526 Articles checked 13,854 Picture Postal Cards sold 202,708 Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. GENERAL FUND STATEMENT OF CASH RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS For the Year Ending December 31, 1922 Balance December 31, 1921 $16,237.20 Receipts Income $187,165.04 South Park Commissioners 100,500.00 Admissions and Check Room 18,926.78 Annual Members — Dues 520.00 Sundry Receipts 11,896.82 Sale of Securities 28,970.00 Loans Repaid 4, 519.33 Contributions 62,962.76 $415,460.73 $431,697.93 Disbursements Departmental Expenses $ 37,781.37 Expeditions 34,182.97 General Operating Expenses 249,214.33 Collections 25,058.18 Furniture and Fixtures 39,919.98 Securities Purchased 31,920.00 Miscellaneous 2,808.54 $420,885.37 Transferred to Sinking Funds 9,000.00 $429,885.37 Cash Balance Dec. 31, 1922 $ 1,812.56 THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION Statement of Income and Expenses for the Year 1922 Income Interest and Dividends on Investments $ 15,312.50 Less Collection Charges 481.38 $ 14,831.12 Interest on Bank Balances 44.65 $ 14,875.77 Expense of Distribution of Cases to Public Schools $ 2,721.13 Expenses General Expense 225.62 Salaries 8,058.57 $ 11,005.32 Deduction from Income (Depreciation of Automobile Delivery Car) 602.24 Net Income for Year 3,268.21 Less: Amount transferred to Reserve Fund February 2, 1922 1,325.00 Balance transferred to Surplus $ 1,943.21 132 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ACCESSIONS DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY ART INSTITUTE of Chicago. 1 bronze bust of Sitting Bull, by Edward Kemeys, with pedestal (gift). AYER, EDWARD E., Chicago. 1 woman’s breast ornament of silver and plated silver, inlaid with plain and engraved stones — Dalmatia (gift). BAKER, PROFESSOR ARCHI- BALD GILLIS, Chicago. 1 large rug of white alpaca fur — La Paz, Bolivia (gift). BANKS, COL. CHAS. E., Chicago. 109 prehistoric stone arrowheads — Island of Martha’s Vine- yard, Massachusetts (gift). BENJAMIN, C. H., West Lafayette, Indiana. 1 birch-bark canoe — Chippewa, Ontario, Canada (gift). CHALMERS, WILLIAM J., Chicago. 1 pottery figurine of woman — Tarascan Culture, Michoacan, Mexico (gift). CROSBY, F. K., Chicago. 4 tobacco-pipes, 2 war clubs, 1 bow, 1 bow-case, 1 quiver, 8 arrows, 1 saddle, 1 kris and 1 knife — Hunkpapa Teton Sioux, Standing Rock Agency, North Dakota ; Moro, Philippine Islands (gift). DODMAN, ALFRED C., JR., New York City. 1 pre-Columbian gold image — Central America (gift). DRAKE, MRS. TRACY, Chicago. 1 feast bowl carved from a burl — Hawaii (gift). FALVEY, Harved P., Chicago. 1 breast ornament carved from banded slate — Port Chesler, Indiana (gift). FIELD, MRS. MARSHALL, SR., Washington, D. C. 2 lacquered and painted screens, each of twelve wooden panels — China (deposit). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by J. Alden Mason. — Capt. Marshall Field Colombian Ex- pedition : 1527 specimens of camelian and agate beads, bracelets, anklets, and necklaces, stone imple- ments, pottery and gold orna- ments — Arhuaco, Colombia, South America. Purchases : 1 gold image of a Hindu deity, probably of Javanese work- manship — Mindanao, Philip- pine Islands. 58 specimens ethnographical ma- terial, chiefly clothing, weap- ons, armor, musical instru- ments and household utensils — Lolo, Sechuan, China, from Dr. Camillo Schneider, Char- lottenburg. 1 bronze bust of Dr. Gunsaulus, from John G. Prasuhn, Chi- cago. 37 specimens of baskets, arrows, belts, moccasins, pipes, and miscellaneous objects — Es- kimo, Sioux, Porno and Mari- copa, Alaska and United States — from Mrs. Fred Schwatka, Rock Island, Illi- nois. 1 woollen coat, 1 woman’s dress, embroidered (5 pieces) Quiche tribe, Guatemala, from E. W. Allstrom, New York City. FIELD MUSEUM OF* NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXVI. HEAD OF BODHISATVA, INDIA. GANDHARA PERIOD (SECOND CENTURY A.D. GIFT OF WILLIAM WRIGLEY, JR. ) Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 133 45 specimens of buckskin, bead- work, basketry, and cere- monial objects — Apache, Che- rokee, Cheyenne, Hopi, Kiowa, Navajo, Paiute, Wichita, Ari- zona, Oklahoma and South- west United States, from Mother Mary Agnes, Chicago. FRIEDMAN, OSKAR J., Chicago. 1 carved wood Chinese screen of fifteen panels — China (gift). GUNSAULUS, MISS HELEN C., Chicago. 1 carved wood miniature Buddhist shrine, for household worship —Japan (gift). 1 woman’s belt of strung seeds — Hawaii (gift). JONES, ARTHUR B., Chicago. 29 ancient stone sculptures of Gandhara and later periods, 1 Jaina cast brass image, 1 Tib- etan ceremonial bone apron — India and Tibet (gift). LAGERQUIST, DR. A. W., China Inland Mission, Shanghai, China. 1 silver enameled wedding ring — Laohokow, Hupeh, China (gift). LOGAN MUSEUM, BELOIT COL- LEGE, Beloit, Wisconsin. 53 fragments of prehistoric pottery from shell mounds — Bay of Tokyo, Japan (exchange). McKinney, william a y e r, Chicago. 1 suit of hide armor with helmet and sword — Lolo, Sechuan, China (gift). MOESSNER, DR. FREDERICK, Chicago. 63 specimens of arrowheads, ham- mers, and other prehistoric stone implements ; also some historical relics (fragments of pottery, glass, and iron) — • Madison, Wisconsin (gift). MORGAN, F. W., Chicago. 1 birchbark canoe — Chippewa, On- tario, Canada (gift). MUSEU NACIONAL DE RIO DE JANEIRO, Brazil. 33 specimens of bows, arrows, bas- kets, bead necklaces, stone axe, fiber aprons, bone bracelets — Nambiquara, Brazil (ex- change). NEWMAN, HENRY J., Chicago. 2 grooved stone axes — Mound Re- gion near Cat Fish Creek, Du- buque, Iowa (gift). NITTA, The MISSES YOKAYAMA KAWAMOTO, Evanston, Illinois. 3 pairs women’s socks (tabi) — Japan (gift). NOZAKI, MRS., Chicago. 3 silk cords for tying sash of woman’s dress — Japan (gift). PATTEN, HENRY J., Chicago. 1 pair of lacquered Daimyo bows on stand, with quiver contain- ing 10 arrows — Japan (gift). PUBLIC MUSEUM OF MILWAU- KEE, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. 56 specimens of woven bags, birch- bark vessels, baskets, mats, canoe paddle, etc. — Chippewa, United States (exchange). RYERSON, MARTIN A., Chicago. 1 figure of mastiff of green-glazed Han pottery — China (gift). SCOTT, ALEXANDER, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1 marble pedestal with high-relief carving of triad, Gupta period — India (gift). SHASTA SPRINGS HOTEL, Shasta Springs, California. 1 mortar carved from lava — Cali- fornia (gift). WICKER, MISS CAROLINE, Chi- cago. 1 painting representing scenes from life of Buddha, 1 Bud- dhistic clay votive tablet, 1 Pali palm-leaf manuscript, flint and steel pouch with brass orna- ments— Tibet, China, Burma (gift). 1 tiger knife, 1 badge in shape of Garuda, 1 pair of slippers em- broidered with beads, 2 frag- ments of glazed pottery, 1 al- bum, 1 snake stick — Annam, Borneo, China, India, Japan, Siam (gift). 134 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. i silver hat, i ivory seal, i brass bell, i cigar case, i lime box, .. 3 textiles — Annam, Japan, Ja- va, Philippines, Siam (gift). WILEY, MRS. WILLARD, R., Chi- cago. i pair beaded buckskin saddle-bags — Sioux, United States (gift). WOOD, JUNIUS, Chicago. I large fighting-sword in black- lacquered sheath and silk bag, i iron sword-guard with de- signs inlaid in silver, i fish- hook of mother-o’-pearl — Japan and Marshall Islands (gift). WRIGLEY, WILLIAM, JR., Chicago. 6 Buddhistic stone sculptures of the Gandhara period — India (gift). ZULFER, P. M., Chicago. 2 woollen blankets with colored designs — Teotitlean, State of Oaxaca, Mexico (gift). DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY ARTHUR, DR. J. C., Lafayette, In- diana. I herbarium specimen (gift). BARTHOLOMEW, ELAM, Stockton, Kansas. 9 herbarium specimens (gift). BUCHTIEN, OTTO, La Paz, Bolivia. 25 herbarium specimens (gift). CHALMERS, WILLIAM J., Chicago. 26 photographs of herbarium speci- mens (gift). CLOKEY, I. W., Denver, Colorado. 214 herbarium specimens (ex- change). CRUMP, DR. J. E., Winter Haven, Florida. 1 economic specimen (gift). DAVIDSON, DR. A., Los Angeles, California. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by B. E. Dahlgren (Stanley Field Guiana Expedition) : 375 economic and exhibition speci- mens. 240 herbarium specimens. 52 plants, branches in formalin and material for reproduction. 235 plaster moulds. 40 plaster casts. 975 negatives. Collected by J. F. Macbride (Capt. Marshall Field Peruvian Ex- pedition) : 121 economic and exhibition speci- mens. 2463 dried plants. 6000 duplicates for exchange. Collected by C. F. Millspaugh : 30 specimens (expedition). 469 specimens (collated). Purchased : 36,429 herbarium specimens (Capt. Marshall Field 1922 Fund). 17 economic specimens. A number of other purchases have not yet been organized. FULLER, G. D., University of Chi- cago. 59 herbarium specimens (gift). GRANT, J. M., Langley, Washington. 145 herbarium specimens (ex- change). GRAY HERBARIUM, Cambridge Massachusetts. 346 herbarium specimens (ex- change). HAZLET, A. E., Sydney, Australia. 26 photographs of plants (gift). HERBIER MUSEUM L’HISTOIRE NATURELLE, Paris, France. 3205 herbarium specimens (ex- change). INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY, Chicago. 11 economic specimens (gift). KING, MISS ANNA, Chicago. 83 herbarium specimens (gift). KNOPF, EZRA C., Avalon, Santa Catalina, California. 4 herbarium specimens (gift). LLOYD, R. N., Chicago. 368 herbarium specimens (gift). McCREA, R. M., Chicago. 1 economic specimen (gift). Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 135 MILLSPAUGH, C. F., Chicago. 25 specimens (gift). NEW YORK BOTANICAL GAR- DEN, New York City. 3 herbarium specimens (gift). 198 herbarium specimens (ex- change). PAYSON, E. B., Laramie, Wyoming. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). PEATTIE, DONALD CULROSS, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 264 herbarium specimens (gift). PIPER, C. V., Washington, D. C. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). ROSE, DR. J. N., Washington, D. C. 12 herbarium specimens (gift). R. M. McCREA ESTATE, Lake Gen- eva, Wisconsin. 1 economic specimen (gift). DEPARTMENT AYER, EDWARD E., Chicago. 9 photographs illustrating making of a model of Yellowstone Park (gift). BEDFORD, GEORGE, Morris, Ill- inois. 381 specimens fossil plants. -Mazon Creek, Illinois (gift). BENTON, O. M., Courtland, Ohio. 1 specimen petroleum — West Mec- ca, Trumbull Co., Ohio (gift). CHALMERS, WILLIAM J., Chicago. 56 models of distorted and pseudo- symmetrical crystals (gift). 225 crystal models (gift). CHRISTOPHERSON, A. E., Clar- ence, Iowa. 1 specimen rock weathering — Clar- ence, Iowa (gift). EDE, J. A., La Salle, Illinois. 1 specimen oil shale — Peru, Illinois (exchange). 1 specimen smithsonite — Los Plumosos, Chihuahua, Mexico (exchange). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by B. E. Dahlgren (Stan- ley Field Guiana Expedition) : SHERFF, EARL E., Chicago. 8 herbarium specimens (gift). STRAUCH, F. E., Riverdale, Illinois. 24 economic specimens (gift). TONDUZ, A., Guatemala. 14 herbarium specimens (gift). TUTTLE, R. H., San Bernardino, Cal- ifornia. 1 economic specimen (gift). UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, Berkeley, California. 1 herbarium specimen (exchange). U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRI- CULTURE, Washington, D. C. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). U. S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Washington, D. C. 1951 herbarium specimens (ex- change). OF GEOLOGY 1 specimen worked soapstone. 5 specimens rocks and fossils — Guiana. Collected by O. C. Farrington (Capt. Marshall Field Brazil Ex- pedition) : 808 specimens gems, minerals and ores — Brazil, S. A. 3 specimens sandstone — Navajo, Arizona. Collected by H. W. Nichols : 1 specimen river sand — Chicago. 6 specimens hard-pan — Chicago. 8 specimens brachiopods — Oglesby, Illinois. 20 specimens gypsum — Oglesby, Illinois. 24 specimens concretions, septaria, shales and limestones — La Salle, Illinois. Purchase : 4 specimens minerals — Lanzada, Italy. 1 iron meteorite — Dungannon, Vir- ginia. 1 iron meteorite — Navajo, Ari- zona. 1 fossil skull. FLEISCHLE, J. H., Springfield, Ill- inois. 1 specimen s e r i c i t e — Arizona (gift). 136 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. GALLAGHER, J. F., Chicago. 1 specimen wattevillite — Texas, (gift). GILMORE, Dr. W. S., Owensboro, Kentucky. 21 specimens limonite geodes — Green River, Kentucky (gift). HILL, MARCUS STOW, Chicago. 1 specimen peat — Prov. of Novgo- rod, Russia (gift). HOLMES, THOMAS J., Chicago. 14 specimens peat with fossil shells — Bremen, Illinois (gift). ILLINOIS CLAY PRODUCTS COM- PANY, Oglesby, Illinois. 4 specimens fire clay — LaSalle Co., Illinois (gift). JEWELL, F. M., Carlinville, Illinois. 8 specimens fossils — Fort Benton Beds, Kansas (gift). KLECKNER, M. E., Tiffin, Ohio. 1 specimen variegated sandstone — Leesville, Ohio (gift). LEAN, F. J., Calumet, Michigan. 24 specimens silver, agates and thomsonite — Calumet, Michi- gan (gift). 29 specimens ores and minerals — Lake Superior Copper Dis- trict, Michigan (gift). MARBLEHEAD LIME CO., Chicago. 1 specimen limestone— Marblehead, Illinois (gift). 10 specimens lime — Marblehead, Illinois (gift). MARQUETTE CEMENT MFG. COMPANY, Chicago. 1 panoramic view of the LaSalle plant (gift). McKEEN, F. A., East Stoneham, Maine. 1 specimen concretio n — East Stoneham, Maine (gift). MILLAR, A. Q., Murfreesboro, Arkansas. 9 specimens rocks of the diamond fields — Pike Co., Arkansas (gift). 1 lot minerals accompanying dia- monds— Pike Co., Arkansas (gift). 29 specimens rough and cut gar- nets and peridots — Pike Co., Arkansas (gift). MOESSNER, DR. FREDERICK, Chicago. 7 specimens septaria, concretions and stalagmite (gift). 1 specimen tufa (gift). 6 specimens fossils (gift). 13 specimens minerals (gift). MORRISON, J. CAMPBELL, Detroit, Michigan. 20 specimens peat — Michigan (gift). MOSCRIP, A. L., Chicago. 1 specimen chalk — Scotia, Nebras- ka (gift). QUICK, ARTHUR C, Austin, Ill- inois. 3 specimens slickensided sand- stone— Somerset Co., New Jer- sey (gift). SCHMITZ, JOSEPH A., Chicago. 1 specimen petrified wood — Arizona (gift). STANDARD OIL COMPANY (In- diana), Chicago. 5 specimens paraffine (gift). 47 specimens paraffine candles (gift). 135 specimens petroleum oils and greases (gift). THOMAS, R. K., Navajo, Arizona. 1 specimen barite — Seven Springs, Colorado (gift). 5 specimens vertebrate fossils — Seven Springs, Colorado (gift). 40 specimens invertebrate fossils — Seven Springs, Colorado (gift). THURBER, H. K., Grand Junction, Colorado. 5 specimens radium, uranium and vanadium ores — Utah and Col- orado (gift). TOLLEFSON, GEO., Chicago. 1 specimen malachite — Kambove Mine, Belgian Congo, Africa (gift). UNITED STATES GYPSUM COM- PANY, Chicago. 47 specimens illustrating the uses of gypsum (gift). WISCONSIN MINING SCHOOL, Platteville, Wisconsin. 30 photographs showing all opera- tions of typical mine property (gift). Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 137 DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY ABBEY, E. S., Chicago. 1 roach — Chicago (gift). ABENDROTH, H., Chicago. 1 cricket — Illinois. 1 salamander — Wisconsin (gift). ADAMS, MRS. J., Wilmette, Illinois. 1 oriolei — South America (gift). AKELEY, CARL E., New York City. 4 white-tailed deer — Michigan (gift). ALLEE, DR. W. C., Chicago. 1 turtle (gift). ARCHIBALD, W., Milwaukee, Wis- consin. 1 snake — Wisconsin (gift). BABCOCK, FREDERICK R., Wheat- on, Illinois. 1 wart hog skull and scalp — Brit- ish East Africa (gift). BEST, SALLIE KEEP, Chicago. 2 horned toads — California (gift). BIVANS, K. R., La Grange, Illinois. 50 specimens of fishes — Michigan (gift). BOOTH FISHERIES COMPANY, Chicago. 1 fat bass, 4 rat fishes, 4 starry flounders — Pacific Ocean (gift). BRADLEY, HERBERT E., Chicago. 1 snake — Wisconsin (gift). BURNS AND COMPANY, F. J., Chicago. 13 frogs (gift). CHESTERFIELD, DR. A. P., Detroit, Michigan. 2 mountain sheep — Mexico (gift). CLARK, B. PRESTON, Boston, Mas- sachusetts. 30 hawk-moths — Various parts of the world (gift). COALE, HENRY K., Highland Park, Illinois. 2 Pacific fulmars — Washington. 3 redpoll finches — Illinois. 1 skunk — Illinois (gift). CONOVER, H. B., Chicago. 1 grizzly bear skull — Yukon Ter- ritory (gift). COUNTRYMAN, MRS. C. E., Chi- cago. 1 sponge — West Coast of Florida. 1 specimen of coral — Florida (gift). CRIMMINS, COL. M. L., San Anto- nio, Texas. 5 snakes, 2 rattle-snakes, 1 lizard, —Texas (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by W. I. Charlesworth : 1 whip-scorpion. 3 centipedes — Miami, Florida. Collected by Dr. B. E. Dahlgren : (Stanley Field Guiana Expe- dition.) 1 crab-eating coon, 1 opossum, 1 monkey skull, 7 bats, 6 Cai- man eggs, 1 anaconda, 1 ana- conda skin, 1 boa skin, 29 marine toads, 3 snakes, 2 liz- ards, 36 frogs, 3 small soles, 13 mammals, 25 bats, 1 bug, 1 scorpion, 1 centipede, 15 louse-flies, 130 insects — man- tis, bugs, butterflies, moths, bees, etc., 6 South American catfishes — British Guiana. Collected by W. J. Gerhard : 70 spiders, bugs, crickets, butter- flies, beetles, flies, bees and parasites — Indiana and Illinois. Collected by E. Liljeblad: 1 beetle, 11 butterflies, 1 moth — ■ Indiana and Illinois. Collected by S. F. Hildebrand and S. E. Meek: 1784 specimens of fishes — Panama. Collected by C. C. Sanborn: 1 roach. 1 beetle — Illinois. Collected by Karl P. Schmidt: 15 frogs, 4 snakes, 2 salamanders, 2 snakes — Indiana. Collected by L. L. Walters : 1 turtle, 2 lizards, 12 snakes — Chicago. 15 bird-lice — Indiana. 5 birds, 7 mammals — Illinois and Indiana. Collected by A. C. Weed and L. L. Pray : 7 birds, 2 toads, 7 frogs, 5 liz- ards, 1 snake — Illinois. 1 38 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. 1080 specimens of fishes — Missis- sippi River, Illinois. Collected by A. C. Weed and K. R. Bivans : 275 fishes, 4 dragonfly nymphs, 7 frogs — Illinois. Collected by A. C. Weed and L. L. Walters : 1 turtle, 2 garter snakes, 2 frogs — Indiana. 2 garter snakes, 1 turtle — Illinois. 2 lizards, 1 spreading adder — Indi- ana. 14 toads, 1 tree toad, 1 garter snake, 2 lizards — Indiana. 3 frogs, s American toads — Ill- inois. Collected by Weed, Walters and Scupham : 837 fishes, 1 frog, 4 toads, 1 tur- tle, 5 snakes — Illinois and In- diana. Collected by Weed, Walters and Young: 2 frogs, 7 turtles — Indiana. 1 frog, 10 snakes — Illinois. Collected by A. C. Weed and F. S. Young: 605 fishes — Illinois. Collected by Alfred C. Weed: 1 water snake, 9 Cumberland ter- rapin, 1 2 map turtles, 1 soft shell turtle, 1 lizard — Illinois and Missouri. 7 turtles. 25 snakes, 12 frogs, 8 toads, 1 turtle — Illinois. Purchases : 16 birds — Argentina and British East Africa. 9 bugs, 10 ants, 206 beetles • — South Cameroon, Africa. 132 birds — Illinois and Alaska. 1 passenger pigeon — Indiana. 54 market fishes. 1 Chinese alligator — Wuhu, China. 4 green tree toads, 3 coachwhip snakes, 2 western chicken snakes — Texas. 2 black snakes, 1 leather snake, 3 Muhlenberg’s turtles, 8 green f rogs — Pennsylvania. FRIESSER, J., Chicago. 3 moths — Chicago (gift). GEILHUFE, F. H., Chicago. 9 fishes — Chicago (gift). GERHARD, W. J., Chicago. 1 snake — Illinois. 2 snakes — Indiana. 184 millipeds, dragonflies, caddice- flies, bugs, butterflies, moths, flies, beetles, bees, wasps and parasites — Indiana and Illinois (gift). GRAHAM, WILLIAM A., Chicago. 1 mallard duck — Illinois (gift). GRONEMANN, C. F., Chicago. 2 beetles — Illinois (gift). GUERET, E. N., Chicago. 1 gray-cheeked thrush skeleton — Chicago (gift). HEEREY, WILLIAM, Chicago. 1 young alligator — Florida (gift). HELLMAYR, DR. C. E., Chicago. 4 moths. 60 butterflies — C entral Europe (gift). HELLMAYR, MRS. C. E„ Chicago. 1 English sparrow — Chicago (gift). HINE, ASHLEY, Chicago. 8 mammals. 50 birds — Western Canada (gift). HOWELL, A. B., Pasadena, Calif. 2 free-tailed bats — 'California (gift). HOYT, N. L., Chicago. 1 case of mounted birds (gift). ILLINOIS STATE DEPARTMENT OF GAME AND FISH, Springfield, Illinois. 3 spoonbill catfish — Illinois. 2 turtles — Illinois (gift). JACOBS, JOHN SHIELDS, Chicago. 1 rattle-snake (gift). JENSEN, MARTIN, Chicago. 1 scorpion — Chicago (gift). KAEMPFER, FRED, Chicago. 1 monkey — South America (gift). KNICKERBOCKER, C. K, Chicago. 1 woodpecker — Minnesota (gift). LEWY, DR. ALFRED, Chicago. 1 red-throated loon — Indiana (gift). Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 139 LILJEBLAD, E., Chicago. 14 grasshoppers, flies, bugs and beetles — Michigan and Illinois (gift). LINDSEY, DR. A. W, Granville, Ohio. 2 beetles — California (gift). MARSHALL, BYRON C., Imboden, Arkansas. 5 insects, spiders and ticks — Ar- kansas (gift). MORDBN, W. J., Chicago. 2 mountain sheep — Yukon, Canada (gift). MOREHEAD, MRS. E., Chicago. 1 Sphinx moth — Georgia (gift). MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, Cambridge, Mas- sachusetts. 50 lizards — Fiji Islands (gift). NARBO, DR. S., Stavanger, Norway. 8 sets of eggs. 2 nests — Norway (gift). NEW YORK STATE CONSERVA- TION COMMISSION, Al- bany, N. Y. 2 Chautauq*ia Lake muskallonge — New York (gift). OSGOOD, DR. WILFRED H., Chicago. 1 beetle — Illinois (gift). PATTERSON, IVAN D., Polo, Illinois. 1 snake — Illinois (gift). PRAY, LEON L., Chicago. 3 bird-lice — Michigan (gift). RINDSFOOS, WILLIAM, Columbus, Ohio. 2 Alaskan white sheep — Alaska (gift). ROTHSCHILD’S DEPT. STORE AQUARIUM, Chicago. 127 specimens of aquarium fishes, 7 snakes — Florida, Texas and Arizona. 4 salamanders, 5 frogs, 9 lizards, 17 turtles, 59 snakes — Various localities. 3 horned toads — Texas. 1 head of gar-pike — Illinois. 1 frog — Louisiana (gift). SAGATAS, PETER, Glencoe, Illinois. 1 hornet’s nest— Illinois (gift). SANBORN, C. C., Chicago. 20 bird-lice, 1 louse-fly, 1 water beetle, 18 mammals, 1 black- bellied plover, 1 toad, 7 frogs, 1 blowing adder — Illinois (gift). SCUPHAM, E., Chicago. 3 bird-lice. 3 millipeds — Illinois (gift). SEELIG, J. C., Chicago. 1 tanned skin of large lizard — West Sumatra. 1 skin of slow lemur — Padang, Sumatra (gift). SOUTHERN BIOLOGICAL SUP- PLY CO., New Orleans, Louisiana. 4 tree frogs— Louisiana (gift). THOMAS, R. K., Navajo, Arizona. 1 beetle. 50 shells — Arizona (gift). THOMPSON, G. C, Chicago. 1 grasshopper, 1 beetle, 11 moths, 15 rat fleas — Illinois (gift). TUNA CLUB, Catalina Island, California. 9 game fish — California (gift). TYRRELL, W. B., Chicago. 3 frogs — Michigan (gift). WALTERS, L. L., Chicago. 3 toads, 1 lizard, in snakes — Indiana (gift). WEED, A. C., Chicago. 9 flies — New York. 6 bugs, 7 centipedes, 7 millipeds, 2 beetle larvae, 1 snake — Illi- inois. 1 water snake skull — New York (gift). WOLCOTT, A. B., Chicago. 1 fly, 1 butterfly, 2 bugs, 2 ear- wigs, 3 moths, 3 beetles, 10 bees, wasps' and parasites — Illinois (gift). YOUNG, F. S., Chicago. 5 snakes — Florida (gift). / 140 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. THE LIBRARY LIST OF DONORS AND EXCHANGES (Accessions are by exchange, unless otherwise designated) AFRICA: Durban Museum. East Africa and Uganda Natural History, Nairobi. Geological Society, Johannesburg. Government of Uganda Protectorate. Institut d’Egypte, Cairo. Ministry of Public Works, Cairo. Rhodesia Scientific Society, Bula- wayo. Royal Society of South Africa, Cape Town. South African Association for Ad- vancement of Science, Cape Town. South African Department of Agri- culture, Pretoria. South African Museum, Cape Town. ARGENTINA: Direccion Edicion Oficial Obras Con- pletas de Ameghino, La Plata. Museo de La Plata. Museo Nacional, Buenos Aires. Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, Buenos Aires. Sociedad Ornithologica del Plata, Buenos Aires. Universidad Nacional, Buenos Aires. AUSTRALIA: Australian Museum, Sydney. Botanic Gardens and Government Domains, Sydney. Commonwealth of Australia, Mel- bourne. Department of Agriculture, Sydney. Department of Agricultuure, Ade- laide. Department of Agriculture, Wel- lington. Department of Mines, Brisbane. Department of Mines, Sydney. Field Naturalists’ Club, Melbourne. Fish Commission of New South Wales, Sydney. Forestry Commission, Sydney (gift). Geological Survey of Western Aus- tralia, Perth. Institute of Science and Industry, Sydney. Linnean Society of New South Wales, Sydney. Melbourne University. National Herbarium, Melbourne. Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery, Adelaide. Public Library, Museum and Na- tional Gallery of Victoria, Mel- bourne. Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Royal Geographical Society of Aus- tralasia, Brisbane. Royal Society of New South Wales, Sydney. Royal Society of Queensland, Bris- bane. Royal Society of South Australia, Adelaide. Royal Society of Tasmania, Hobart. Royal Society of Victoria, Mel- bourne. Royal Society of Western Australia, Perth. Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Sydney. South Australia Ornithological So- ciety, Adelaide. South Australian Museum, Adelaide. Tasmanian Museum, Hobart. Victoria Department of Agriculture, Melbourne. Western Australia Geological Sur- vey, Perth. AUSTRIA : Naturhistorisches Hofmuseum, Vienna. Naturhistorisches Landesmuseum von Karnten, Klagenfurt. Universitat, Vienna. Zoologisch-Botanischei Gesellschaft, Vienna. BRITISH GUIANA: Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society, Georgetown. BELGIUM: Academie Royale de Belgique, Brus- sels. Institut Botanique Leo Errera, Brus- sels. Jardin Botanique de l’Etat, Brussels. Musee Royale d’Histoire Naturelle, Brussels. Nederlandsche Phytopathologische (Plantenziekten) Vereeniging, Gent. Societe Royale d’Archeologie, Brus- sels. Societe de Botanique, Brussels. Vereenigingen Kruidkundig Genoot- schap Dodonaea, Gent. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. STAGE SCENE FROM CHINESE RELIGIOUS DRAMA SHOWING THE TEN PURGATORIES. Case 26x7 feet. Hall I. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of tpie Director. 141 BRAZIL : Biblioteca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medecina, Veterinaria. Rio de Janeiro. Instituto Agronomico, Sao Paulo. Instituto Sorotherapico de Butantun, Sao Paulo. Sociedade Brasileira de Sciencias, Rio de Janeiro. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. Jardin Botanique de Rio de Janeiro. Society, Demerara. BULGARIA : Musee Ethnographique National, Sofia. CANADA : Canadian Arctic Expedition, Ottawa (gift). Chief Game Guardian of Saskatche- wan, Regina. Commission de Geographic de Que- bec (gift). Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. Department of Agriculture, Victoria. Department of Mines, Ottawa. Department of Interior, Geological Survey, Ottawa. Entomological Society of Ontario, Toronto. Horticultural Societies, Toronto. Ontario Minister of Education, Toronto. Provincial Museum, Toronto. Provincial Museum, Victoria. Royal Canadian Institute, Toronto. Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa. Societe de Geographic, Quebec. University of Toronto. CENTRAL AMERICA : Colegio de Sonoritas, San Jose. CEYLON : Colombo Museum. CHINA: Botany and Forestry Department, Hong-Kong. Geological Survey, Pekin. Royal Asiatic Society of North China, Shanghai. Science Society of China, Shanghai (gift). University of Nanking. CZECHO-SLOVAKIA : Deutsche^ Naturwissenschaftlich Medizinischer Verein fiir Bohmen “Lotos” Prag. Gesellschaft fur Physiokratie in Bohmen, Prag. Societas Entomologica Bohemica, Prag. Universita Karlova, Prag. DENMARK: Danske Kunstindustrimuseum, Co- penhagen. Naturhistorisk Forening, Copen- hagen. Societe Botanique, Copenhagen. ECUADOR: Academia Nacional de Historia, Quito. FEDERATED MALAY STATES : Federated Malay States Museum, Kuala Lumpur. FIJI ISLANDS: Fijian Society, Suva. FINLAND : Abo Akademi. Finnish Archaeological Society, Hel- singfors. Finskt Museum, Helsingfors. Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, Helsingfors. FRANCE: Academie des Sciences, Paris. Congres de Monaco, Paris (gift). Rcole d’Anthropologie, Paris. Ministere de ITnstruction Publique, Paris (gift). Musee Guimet, Paris. Museum National d’Histoire Na- turelle, Paris. La Nature, Paris. Societe d’litudes Scientifiques, An- gers% Societe d’Histoire Naturelle, Toul- ouse. Societe d’Horticulture, Paris. Societe de Geographic, Paris. Societe de Geographic, Toulouse. Societe des Americanistes, Paris. Societe Linguistique de Paris. Societe Linneenne, Bordeaux. Societe Nationale d’ Agriculture, Sciences et Arts, Angers. GERMANY: Bayerische Akademie der Wissen- schaften, Munich. Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum, Berlin. Botanischer Verein der Provinz Brandenburg, Berlin. 142 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Deutsche Dendrologische Gesell- schaft, Bonn-Poppelsdorf. Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Anthro- pologie, Ethnologie und Urge- schichte, Berlin. Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesell- schaft, Leipzig. Deutscher Seefischerei Verein, Berlin. Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Berlin. Geographische Gesellschaft, Ham- burg. Gesellschaft fur Erdkunde, Berlin. Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Ges- amten Naturwissenschaften, Mar- burg. Hamburgische Universitat. K. Museum fiir Volkskunde, Berlin. K. Universitats Bibliothek, Marburg. K. Universitats Bibliothek, Munich. K. Zoologisches Museum, Berlin. Museum fur Volkerkunde, Hamburg. Museum fiir Volkerkunde, Leipzig. Nassauischer Verein fiir Natur- kunde, Wiesbaden. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Gor- litz. Naturwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft, Dresden. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein, Karlsruhe. Naturwissenschaftlicher herein fiir Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fiir Steiermark, Graz. Ornithologische Gesellschaft in Bay- ern, Munich. Physikalisch-Medizinische Sozietat, Erlangen. Rheinische Missions-Gesellschaft, Barmen. Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Frankfurt a-M. Stadtisches Museum fiir Volker- kunde, Leipzig. Verein fiir Vaterlandische Natur- kunde in Wiirttemberg. Stuttgart. Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg. GREAT BRITAIN: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. Birmingham Natural History and Philosophical Society. Bristol Museum and Gallery. British Museum, London. British Museum (Natural History), London. Cambridge Antiquarian Society. Cambridge Philosophical Society. Cardiff Naturalists’ Society. Challenger Society, London. Dove Marine Laboratory, Culler- coats. Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society, Dumfries. Fisheries Board, Edinburgh. Geological Society, Edinburgh. Geological Society, Liverpool. Great Britain Geological Survey, London. Horniman Museum and Library, London. Hull Municipal Museum. Imperial Bureau of Entomology, London. Imperial College of Science and Technology, London. Japan Society of London. Lancashire Sea Fisheries Laboratory, Liverpool. Linnean Society of London. Liverpool Biological Society. London Library. Manchester Field Naturalists’ and Archaeologists’ Society. Manchester Geographical Society. Manchester Literary and Philosoph- ical Society. Manchester Museum. Marine Biological Association, Ply- mouth. Museum of Archaeology and Ethn- ology, Cambridge. National Museum of Wales, Cardiff. Natural History and Philosophical Society, Croydon. Natural History Society, Glasgow. Natural History Society of North- umberland, Durham and New- castle-on-Tyne, Newcastle. Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, London. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Royal Colonial Institute, London. Royal Geographical Society, London. Royal Horticultural Society, London. Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh. Royal Society, London. Royal Society of Arts, London. Royal Society of Edinburgh. South London Entomological and Natural History Society, London. Tring Zoological Museum. Victoria and Albert Museum, Lon- don. Wellcome Chemical Research Lab- oratories, London. Zoological Society of London. Zoological Society of Scotland. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 143 HUNGARY: Magyar Termeszettudomanyi Tarsu- lat, Budapest. Museum Nationale Hungaricum, Budapest. INDIA : Anthropological Society, Bombay. Archaeological Survey, Allahabad. Archaeological Survey, Calcutta. Archaeological Survey, Eastern Cir- cle, Patna. Archaeological Survey, Frontier Cir- cle, Peshawar. Archaeological Survey Department, Madras. Archaeological Survey of Burma, Lahore. Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta. Bihar and Orissa Research Society, Patna. Department of Agriculture, Bombay. Department of Agriculture, Madras. Department of Agiculture, Poona. Department of Agriculture, Pusa. Geological .Survey, Calcutta. Government of India, Calcutta. Government Cinchona Plantation, Calcutta. Government Museum, Madras. Indian Museum, Calcutta. Journal of Indian Botany, Madras. National Indian Association, Cal- cutta (gift). Royal Asiatic Society, Straits Branch, Singapore. Superintendent of Archaeology, Kashmir. Superintendent of Archaeology H. E. H. Nizam’s Dominions, Hyder- abad. University of Calcutta. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. IRELAND : Belfast Naturalists’ Field Club. Department of Agriculture, Scienti- fic Investigations, Dublin. Geological Survey, Dublin. National Museum of Science and Art, Dublin. Natural History and Philosophical Society, Belfast. Royal Irish Academy, Dublin. Royal Dublin Society. ITALY : Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matimatiche, Naples. Istituto Botanica, Universita di Pavia. Institute Geografico de Agostini, Novara. Musei Zoologiae Anatomia Com- parata, Turin. R. Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome. R. Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. R. Orto Botanico Giardino Col- oniale, Palermo. R. Scuola Superiore di Agricoltura, Portici. R. Societa Geografica Italiana, Rome. Societa di Scienze Naturali ed Econ- omische, Palermo. Societa Italiana d’Antropologia e Etnologia, Florence. Societa Italiana de Scienze Naturali, Milan. Societa Toscana di Scienze Na- turali, Pisa. JAPAN: Anthropological Society, Tokyo. Educational Museum, Tokyo. Geological Society, Tokyo. Imperial University, Taihoku. Imperial University of Tokyo, Col- lege of Science. Ornithological Society, Tokyo. Tokyo Botanical Society. JAVA: Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kun- sten en Wetenschappen, Batavia. Department of Agriculture, Buiten- zorg. Encyclopaedisch Bureau, Welte- vreden. Jardin Botanique, Weltevreden. Java Instituut, Weltevreden. K. Natuurkundige Vereeniging in N ederlandsch-Indie, Weltevreden. KOREA : Government General of Chosen, Keijo. MEXICO : Institute Geologico de Mexico. Museo Nacional de Arqueologia, Historia y Etnografia, Mexico. Secretaria de Agricultura y Fo- mento. Direccion de Antropologia, Mexico. Sociedad Cientifica “/Antonio Al- zate,” Mexico. NETHERLANDS : Koloniaal Instituut Amsterdam. Kolonial Museum te Haarlem. 144 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. K. Akademie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam. K. Bibliothek, Hague. K. Instituut voor de Taal-Land-en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch Indie, The Hague. K. Nederlandsch Aardijkundig Ge- nootschap, Amsterdam. Museum voor Land-en Volkenkunde en Maritiem Museum “Prinz Hendrik,” Rotterdam. Nederlandsche Dierkunde Vereenig- ing, Leiden. Nederlandsche Phytopathologische Vereeniging, Wageningen. Rijks Ethnographisch Museum, Lei- den. Rijks Hoogere Land-Tuin-en Bosch- bouwschool, Wageningen. Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke His- toric, Leiden. Universiteit van Amsterdam, Biblio- thek. NEW ZEALAND : Acclimatisation Society, Wellington. Auckland Institute and Museum, Wellington. Canterbury Museum, Christchurch. Department of Agriculture, Welling- ton. Department of Mines, Wellington. Dominion Museum, Wellington. New Zealand Board of Science and Art, Wellington. New Zealand Institute, Wellington. NORWAY : Bergen Museum. Physiographiske Forening i Chris- tiania. Tromso Museum. PERU: Biblioteca Nacional, Lima. Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Minas, Lima. Cuzco Universidad. Instituto Historico, Lima. Sociedad Geografica, de Lima. POLAND : Musei Polonici Historiae Naturales, Warsaw. PORTUGAL : Societe Portuguaise des Sciences Naturelles, Lisbon. Universidade. Institute de Anatomia e Anthropologia, Lisbon. RUSSIA: Academie Imperiale des Sciences, Petrograd. Musee d’Anthropologie et d’Ethno- graphie, Petrograd. Universitat Dorpatensis. SPAIN : Collegio de Pasaje, La Guardia. Institucio Catalana d’Historia Na- tural, Barcelona. Instituto General y Tecnico, Val- encia. Junta de Ciencies Naturals, Bar- celona. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Na- turales, Madrid. R. Academia de Ciencias y Artes, Barcelona. R. Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, Madrid. Sociedad Espanola de Historia Na- tural, Madrid. SWEDEN: HumanistikaVetenskapsfundet,Lund. K. Biblioteket, Stockholm. K. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien, Stockholm. K. Vetenskaps-och Vitterhets Sam- halle, Goteborg. K. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvi- tets Akademien, Stockholm. Lunds Universitet. Svenska Sallskapet for Antropologi och Geografi, Stockholm. Sveriges Offentliga Bibliotek, Stock- holm. Universitet. Biblioteket, Upsala. SWITZERLAND : Botanisches Museum, Zurich. Historisches Museum, Bern. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Basel. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Bern. Ostschweizerische Geograph-Com- mercielle Gesellschaft, St. Gallen. Societe de Physique et Historie Na- turelle, Geneva. Societe Entomologique, Bern. Societe Fribouegeoise des Sciences Naturelles, Fribourg. Societe Neuchateloise de Geographie. VENEZUELA: Cultura Venezolana, Caracas. WEST INDIES: Academia Nacional de Artes y Letras, Havana. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 145 Agricultural Experiment Station, Porto Rico. Biblioteca Nacional, Havana. Department of Agriculture of Ja- maica, Kingston. Imperial Department of Agriculture, Barbados. Oficina Nacional del Censo, Havana. Trinidad and Tobago Department of Agriculture, Port of Spain. Universidad de Habana. Ballai, Karl, Budapest (gift). Bertoni, Moises S., Parana. Boman, Eric, Buenos Aires (gift). Brown, A. R., Cape Town (gift). Carpenter, G. H., Dublin. Dunod, H., Paris. Fyson, P. F., Madras. Gamio, Manuel, Mexico (gift). Gleerup, C. W. K., Lund. Hartland, Sidney, Gloucester. Herdman, William, Liverpool. Hill-Tout, Charles, Vancouver, (gift). Huard, A., Quebec. Jenness, D., Ottawa. Levy-Bruhl, L., Paris. Outes, Felix F., Buenos Aires. Preuss, K., Berlin. Rassers, W. H., Leiden (gift). Rinne, F., Leipzig (gift). Rivet, P., Paris. Snethlage, E., Berlin (gift). Tavares, J. S., Braga. ALABAMA : Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn. Anthropological Society, Montgom- ery. ARIZONA : Agricultural Experiment Station, Tucson. CALIFORNIA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Berkeley. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. Cooper Ornithological Club, Holly- wood. Pomona College, Claremont. San Diego Society of Natural History. Scripps Institution of Biological Re- search, La Jolla. Stanford University. State Board of Forestry, Sacra- mento. State Mining Bureau, Sacramento. University of California, Berkeley. World Metric Standardization Coun- cil, San Francisco. COLORADO : Bureau of Mines, Denver. Colorado College, Colorado Springs. Colorado Museum of Natural His- tory, Denver. Colorado Scientific Society, Denver. Colorado University, Boulder. State Historical and Natural History Society, Denver. CONNECTICUT: Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. American Oriental Society, New Haven. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Haven. Hartford Public Library. Peabody Museum, New Haven. Wesleyan University, Middletown. Yale University, New Haven. DELAWARE: Agricultural Experiment Station, Newark. FLORIDA : Florida Geological Survey, Talla- hassee. GEORGIA: Geological Survey, Atlanta. HAWAII : Agricultural Experiment Station, Honolulu. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Board of Commissions of Agricul- ture and Forestry, Honolulu. Hawaiian Entomological Society, Honolulu. Hawaiian Historical Society, Hono- lulu. IDAHO : Mining Industry, Boise. University of Idaho, Moscow. ILLINOIS: Agricultural Experiment Station, Urbana. Art Institute of Chicago. Audubon Society, Chicago. Board of Education, Chicago. Chicago Public Library. Division of Natural History Survey, Urbana. Hardwood Record, Chicago (gift). John Crerar Library, Chicago. 146 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Lake Forest College. Newberry Library, Chicago. Northwestern University, Evanston. Open Court Publishing Company, Chicago. State Academy of Science, Spring- field. State Board of Agriculture, Spring- field. State Geological Survey, Urbana. State Historical Library, Springfield. State Water Survey, Urbana. Sweet, Wallach and Company, Chicago (gift). University of Chicago. University of Illinois, Urbana. West Chicago Park Commissioners. INDIANA: Academy of Science, Indianapolis. Department of Conservation, Indi- anapolis. Indiana University, Bloomington. Legislative Reference Bureau, In- dianapolis. Purdue University, Lafayette. University of Notre Dame. IOWA: Iowa State College, Ames. University of Iowa, Iowa City. KANSAS: Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan. State Board of Agriculture, Topeka. University of Kansas, Lawrence. KENTUCKY: Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisville. Department of Geology and For- estry, Frankfort. LOUISIANA : Agricultural Experiment Station, Baton Rouge. Department of Conservation, New Orleans. Louisiana State Museum, New Or- leans. MAINE : Agricultural Experiment Station, Orono. Bowdoin College, Brunswick. Portland Public Library. MASSACHUSETTS : Agricultural Experiment Station, Amherst. American Antiquarian Society, Worcester. Boston Public Library. Boston Society of Natural History. Department of Agriculture, Division of Ornithology, Boston. Essex Institute, Salem. Harvard College. Museum of Com- parative Zoology, Cambridge. Harvard University. Arnold Arbor- etum, Jamaica Plain. Harvard University. Gray Herbar- ium, Cambridge. Massachusetts Horticultural Society, Boston. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. New Bedford Free Public Library. Peabody Institute, Peabody. Peabody Museum, Cambridge. Phillips Academy, Andover. Salem Public Library. Smith College, Northampton. Springfield City Library Association. Springfield Natural History Mu- seum. Tufts College. Williams College, Williamstown. MICHIGAN : Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College. Detroit Institute of Art. Geological and Natural History Sur- vey, Lansing. Grand Rapids Public Library. Michigan College of Mines, Houghton. Michigan State Library, Lansing. State Board of Agriculture, Lansing. State Board of Library Commis- sions, Lansing. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. MINNESOTA: Agricultural Experiment Station, University Farm. Minneapolis Institute of Arts. Minnesota Historical Society, Saint Paul. Saint Paul Institute. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. MISSISSIPPI: Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College. State Geological Survey, Jackson (gift). MISSOURI: Agricultural Experiment Station, Columbia. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 147 City Art Museum, Saint Louis. Missouri Botanic Garden, Saint Louis. Missouri Historical Society, Columbia. Saint Louis Public Library. Saint Louis University. University of Missouri. School of Mines, Rolla. Washington University, Saint Louis. MONTANA: University of Montana, Missoula. NEBRASKA: University of Nebraska, Lincoln. NEVADA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Car- son City. NEW JERSEY : Agricultural Station, Trenton. Department of Conservation and De- velopment, Trenton. Newark Museums Association. Princeton University. Stevens Institute, Hoboken. NEW MEXICO: New Mexico Museum, Santa Fe. NEW YORK : Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva. Amalgamated Press, New York City. American Geographical Society, New York City. American Institute of Mining En- gineers, New York City. American Museum of Natural His- tory, New York City. Asia Publishing Company, New York City. Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. Carnegie Foundation for the Ad- vancement of Teaching, New York City (gift.) Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York City. Cornell University, Ithaca. Forest and Stream Publishing Com- pany, New York City. Inter- American Magazine, New York City (gift.) Japan Society, New York City. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City. Museum of the American Indian, New York City. New York Academy of Sciences, New York City. New York Botanical Garden, New York City. New York Historical Society, New York City. Pratt Institute Free Library, New York City. Public Library, New York City. Rockefeller Foundation, New York City. State College of Forestry, Syracuse. State Library, Albany. State Museum, Albany. Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences, New York City. Stone Publishing Company, New York City. University of the State of New York, Albany. Zoological Society, New York City. NORTH CAROLINA: Elisha Mitchell Scientific Societv, Chapel Hill. NORTH DAKOTA : University of North Dakota, Uni- versity. OHIO: Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster. Cincinnati Museum Association. Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Public Library. Denison University, Granville. Geological Survey, Columbus. State Archaeological and Historical Societ3r, Columbus. State University, Columbus. University of Cincinnati. Wilson Ornithological Club, Oberlin. OREGON : Agricultural Experiment Station, Corvallis. University of Oregon, Eugene. PENNSYLVANIA : American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia. Aquatic Life (gift.) Association of Engineering Societies, Philadelphia. Bryn Mawr College. Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh. Carnegie Library, Pittsburgh. Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh. Delaware County Institute of Science, Madia. 148 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Dropsie College, Philadelphia. Engineers’ Society of Western Penn- sylvania, Pittsburgh. Franklin Institute, Philadelphia. Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Philadelphia. Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art, Philadelphia. Philadelphia Acadamy of Natural Society, Wilkes-Barre. Wyoming Historical and Geological Sciences. Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. Philadelphia Commercial Museum. Sullivant Moss Society, Pittsburgh. University of Pennsylvania, Phila- delphia. University of Pennsylvania, Museum, Philadelphia. Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. Bureau of Education, Manila. Department of Agriculture, Manila. Department of Agriculture and Na- tural Resources, Manila. Department of Interior, Bureau of Science, Manila. RHODE ISLAND: Park Museum, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA: Charleston Museum. SOUTH DAKOTA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Brookings. Geological and Natural History Sur- vey, Vermilion. TEXAS : Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station. University of Texas, Austin. VERMONT : Agricultural Experiment Station, Burlington. State Forester, Montpelier. VIRGIN ISLANDS: Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Croix. VIRGINIA: State Library, Richmond. University of Virginia, Charlottes- ville. Virginia Geological Survey, Char- lottesville. Virginia State Forester, Charlottes- ville. WASHINGTON : Department of Conservation and De- velopment. Division of Geology, Olympia. Pacific Northwest Bird and Mammal Club, Seattle. Washington Geological Survey, Pull- man. Washington University, Seattle. Washington University, Historical Society, Seattle. WASHINGTON, D. C.: American Mining Congress. Carnegie Institution of Washington (gift.) Library of Congress. National Academy of Sciences. National Education Association (gift.) National Zoological Park. Pan American Union. Smithsonian Institute. United States Government. United States National Museum. WEST VIRGINIA: West Virginia University, Morgan- town. WISCONSIN : Agricultural Experiment Station, Madison. Beloit College. Geological and Natural History Sur- vey, Madison. Public Museum of Milwaukee. State Horticultural Society, Madison. University of Wisconsin, Madison. Ayer, Edward E., Chicago (gift). Arthur, J. C., Lafayette. Baker, Frank Collins, Urbana. Barnes, Claude T., Salt Lake City (gift). Boas, Franz, New York City. Beyer, George E., New Orleans. Casey, Thomas L., Washington (gift). Chalmers, W. J., Chicago (gift). Cockerell, T. D. A., Boulder. Conover. H. B., Chicago, (gift). Cook, Melville T., New Brunswick. Crook, A. R., Springfield. Davies, D. C.. Chicago (gift). Derby, Mrs. William M. Jr., Chicago (gift). Eigenmann, Carl H., Bloomington. Evans, Alexander W., New Haven. Farwell, Oliver A., Detroit (gift). Field, Stanley, Chicago (gift). Garland Manufacturing Company, Saco (gift). Gerhard, William J., Chicago (gift). field museum of natural history. >- X o H c o X _J < c c D F- < 2 Li_ o CO S — ! D O Ul o CO x 3 O 2 0/3 Q O -j 0 UJ S c - u. o ° D z UJ uJ P O llJ X X < X - CQ Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 149 Glessner, John J., Chicago (gift). Harris, G., Ithaca. Harrison, William J., Chicago (gift). Hay, Oliver P., Washington. Hrdlicka, Ales, Washington. Hubbs, Carl L., Ann Arbor. Kihu, W. Langdon, New York City (gift). Laufer, Berthold, Chicago (gift). Le Breton, Thomas L., Ambassador of Argentine, Washington (gift). Lewis, A. B., Chicago (gift). Liljeblad, Emil, Chicago (gift). Millspaugh, C. F., Chicago (gift). Morse, Edward S., Salem. Myer, Albert C., Philadelphia (gift). Osgood, W. H., Chicago (gift). Packard, E. L., Eugene (gift). Parish-Watson, New York City (gift). Penrose, R. A. F., Philadelphia. Richter, Gisela M. A., New York City (gift). Riggs, Mrs. Elmer S., Chicago (gift). Sargent, C. S., Jamaica Plain (gift). Steece, Henry M., Washington (gift). Tompkins-Kiel Marble Company, New York City (gift). Verner, S. P., Weiss, Harry B., New Brunswick. Wicker, Carolyn, Chicago (gift). Wolcott, A. B., Chicago (gift). Zimmer, John T., Chicago (gift). 150 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION. STATE OF ILLINOIS. DEPARTMENT OF STATE William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State. To All to Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting: Whereas, a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, a. d. 1893, for the organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO, under and in ac- cordance with the provisions of “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy of which certificate is hereto attached. Now, therefore, I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized Corporation under the laws of this State. In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the Great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the Independence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth. W. H. HINRICHSEN, [Seal] Secretary of State. TO HON. WILLIAM LI. HINRICHSEN, Secretary of State: Sir: We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a cor- poration under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof ; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby state as follows, to-wit: 1. The name of such corporation is the “COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO.” 2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dis- semination of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illus- trating Art, Archaeology, Science and History. 3. The management of the aforesaid museum shall be vested in a Board of Fifteen (15) Trustees, five of whom are to be elected every year. 4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the first year of its corporate existence : Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. I51 Edward E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davis, Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock, Emil G. Hirsch, James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, O. F. Aldis, Edwin Walker, John C. Black and Frank W. Gunsaulus. 5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook, and State of Illinois. * (Signed), George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert McCurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchinson, Ebenezer Buckingham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H. Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Franklin H. Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers, Thomas B. Bryan, L. Z. Leiter, A. C. Bartlett, A. A. Sprague, A. C. McClurg, James W. Scott, Geo. F. Bissell, John R. Walsh, Chas. Fitzsimmons, John A. Roche, E. B. McCagg, Owen F. Aldis, Ferdinand W. Peck, James IT. Dole, Joseph Stockton, Edward B. Butler, John McConnell, R. A. Waller, H. C. Chatfield-Taylor, A. Crawford, Wm. Sooy Smith, P. S. Peterson, John C. Black, Jno. J. Mitchell, C. F. Gunther, George R. Davis, Stephen A. Forbes, Robert W. Patterson, Jr., M. C. Bullock, Edwin Walker, George M. Pullman, William E. Curtis, James W. Ellsworth, William E. Hale, Wm. T. Baker, Martin A. Ryerson, Huntington W. Jackson, N. B. Ream, Norman Williams, Melville E. Stone, Bryan Lathrop, Eliphalet W. Blatchford, Philip D. Armour. State of Illinois | r SS Cook County J I, G. R. Mitchell, a Notary Public in and for said County, do hereby certify that the foregoing petitioners personally appeared before me and acknowledged severally that they signed the foregoing petition as their free and voluntary act for the uses and purposes therein set forth. Given under my hand and notarial seal this 14th day of September, 1893. G. R. MITCHELL, [Seal] Notary Public, Cook County, III. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held the 25th day of June, 1894, the name of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM. A certificate to this effect was filed June 26, 1894, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. CPIANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held the 8th day of November, 1905, the name of the FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. A certificate to this effect was filed November 10, 1905, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. CHANGE IN ARTICLE 3* Pursuant to a resolution at a meeting of the corporate members held the 10th day of May, 1920, the management of FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY shall be invested in a Board of Twenty-one (21) Trustees, who shall be elected in such manner and for such time and term of office as may be provided for by the By-Laws. A certificate to this effect was filed May 21, 1920, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. Field Museum of Natural History— Reports, Vol. VI. r52 AMENDED BY-LAWS (February 20, 1922.) ARTICLE 1. MEMBERS Section i. Members shall be of seven classes, Corporate Members, Hon- orary Members, Patrons, Life Members, Associate Members, Sustaining Mem- bers, and Annual Members. Section 2. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recom- mendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such person named in the articles of incorporation shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of twenty ($20.00) dollars or more. Corporate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or Honorary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annua! meetings of said Corporate Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual meeting of the Board of Trustees is held. Section 3. Plonorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous nomination of the Executive Committee. They shall be exempt from all dues. Section 4. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent service to the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members. Section 5. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of five hundred ($500.00) dollars, at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that are accorded to mem- bers of the Board of Trustees. Section 6. Any person paying into the treasury of the Museum the sum of one hundred ($100.00) dollars, at any one time, shall upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become an Associate Member. Associate Members shall be entitled to : tickets admitting member and members of family, including non-resident home guests ; all publications of the Museum, if so desired ; reserved seats to all lectures and entertainments under the auspices of the Museum, provided reservation is requested in advance; and admission of holder of membership and accompanying party to all special exhibits and Museum functions day or evening. Section 7. Sustaining Members shall consist of such persons as are selected from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall pay an annual fee of twenty-five ($25.00) dollars, payable within thirty days after notice of election and within thirty days after each recurring annual date. This Sustaining Membership entitles the member to free admission for the member and family to Museum on any day and allows 25 admission coupons, Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 153 which may be used by any one, the Annual Report and such other Museum documents or publications as may be requested in writing. When a Sustaining Member has paid the annual fee of $25.00 for six years, such member shall be entitled to become an Associate Member. Section 8. Annual Members shall consist of such persons as are selected from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall pay an annual fee of ten ($10.00) dollars, payable within thirty days after each recurring annual date. An Annual Membership shall entitle the member to a card of admission for the member and family during all hours when the Museum is open to the public, and free admission for the member and family to all Museum lectures or entertainments. This membership will also entitle the holder to the courtesies of the membership privileges of every Museum of note in the United States and Canada, so long as the existing sys- tem of cooperative interchange of membership tickets shall be maintained, including tickets for any lectures given under the auspices of any of the Museums during a visit to the cities in which the cooperative museums are located. ARTICLE II. BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Section i. The Board of Trustees shall consist of twenty-one members. The respective members of the Board now in office, and those who shall here- after be elected, shall hold office during life. Vacancies occurring in the Board shall be filled at a regular meeting of the Board, upon the nomination of the Executive Committee made at a preceding regular meeting of the Board, by a majority vote of the members of the Board present. Section 2. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held monthly. Special meetings may be called at any time by the President, and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request of three Trustees. Five Trustees shall constitute a quorum, except for the election of officers or the adoption of the Annual Budget, when seven Trustees shall be required, but meetings may be adjourned by any less number from day to day, or to a day fixed, previous to the next regular meeting. Section 3. Reasonable written notice, designating the time and place of holding meetings, shall be given by the Secretary. ARTICLE III. HONORARY TRUSTEES. Section i. As a mark of respect, and in appreciation of services performed for the Institution, those Trustees who by reason of inability, on account of change of residence, or for other cause or from indisposition to serve longer in such capacity shall resign their place upon the Board, may be elected, by a majority of those present at any regular meeting of the Board, an Honorary Trustee for life. Such Honorary Trustee will receive notice of all meetings of the Board of Trustees, whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not have the right to vote. ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS. Section i. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a Second Vice-President, a Third Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secre- tary and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President,, 154 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. the First Vice-President, the Second Vice-President, and the Third Vice-Presi- dent shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the third Monday of January of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting. Section 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their suc- cessors are elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting. Section 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE V. THE TREASURER. Section i. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Cor- poration except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the chair- man of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents. But no warrant shall be issued, except in conformity with a regularly prepared voucher, giving the name of the payee and stating the occasion for the expenditure, and verified and approved as hereinafter prescribed. It shall be no part of the duties of the Treasurer to see that the warrants have been issued in conformity with such vouchers. Section 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the cor- poration shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect the income and principal of said securities as the same become due, and pay same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the joint order of the following officers, namely The President or one of the Vice-Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance Committee of the Museum. Section 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such sureties as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees. Section 4. All vouchers executed for the payment of liabilities incurred in the administration of the Museum, shall be verified by the Auditor, and ap- proved for payment by the Director, and a member of the Executive Commit- tee. All vouchers executed for expenditures for the construction or recon- struction of the Museum building, or buildings, shall be verified by the Auditor and approved for payment by the Chairman of the Building Committee. All vouchers executed in connection with the investments of the Corporation, or, in any way having to do with the endowment funds of the Corporation, shall be verified by the Auditor and approved for payment by the Chairman of the Finance Committee. Section 5. The Harris Trust & Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Cus- todian of “The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum” fund. The bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by the Vice-Presi- dents. But no warrant shall be issued, except in conformity with a regularly prepared voucher, giving the name of the payee and stating the occasion for the expenditure, and verified and approved by the Auditor, the Director, and a Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 155 member of the Executive Committee. It shall be no part of the duties of the said Custodian to see that the warrants have been issued in conformity with such vouchers. ARTICLE VI. THE DIRECTOR Section i. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum, who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have im- mediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations of the Institution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Committees. The Director shall be the official medium of communication be- tween the Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force. Section 2. There shall be four scientific departments of the Museum — Anthropology, Botany, Geology and Zoology; each under the charge of a Curator, subject to the authority of the Director. The Curators shall be ap- pointed by the Board upon the recommendation of the Director, and shall serve during the pleasure of the Board. Subordinate staff officers in the scientific departments shall be appointed and removed by the Director upon the recommendation of the Curators of the respective Departments. The Director shall have authority to employ and remove all other employees of the Museum. Section 3, The Director shall make report to the Board at each regular meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the previous month. At the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual Report, reviewing the work for the previous year, which Annual Report shall be published in pamphlet form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free distribution in such number as the Board may direct. ARTICLE VII. AUDITOR Section i. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his office during the pleasure of the Board. He shall keep proper books of account, setting forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, and of the Museum, and report thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other times as may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all vouchers for the expenditure of the money of the Corporation. ARTICLE VIII. COMMITTEES. Section 1. There shall be five Committees, as follows. Finance, Building, Auditing, Pension and Executive. Section 2. The Finance Committee shall consist of five members, the Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of three members, and. the Building Committee shall consist of five members. All members of these four Committees shall be elected by ballot by the Board at the Annual Meeting, and shall hold office for one year, and until their successors are elected and quali- fied. In electing the members of these Committees, the Board shall designate the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the members are named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be Chair- man, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named, Second Vice- dhairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event of the absence or disability of the Chairman. Section 3. The Executive Committee shall consist of the President of the 156 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Building Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Committee, the Chairman of the Pension Committee, and three other members of the Board to be elected by ballot at the Annual Meeting. Section 4. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Com- mittee, and in all standing Committees two members shall constitute a quorum. In the event that, owing to the absence or inability of members, a quorum of the regularly elected members cannot be present at any meeting of any Com- mittee, then the Chairman thereof, or his successor, as herein provided, may summon any members of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the absentee. Section 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing the endowment and other permanent funds of the Corporation, and the care of such real estate as may become its property. It shall have authority to invest, sell, and reinvest funds, subject to the approval of the Board. Section 6. The Building Committee shall have supervision of the con- struction, reconstruction, and extension of any and all buildings used for Museum purposes. Section 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from time to time as the Chairman may consider necessary, or as he may be requested to do by three members of the Committee, to act upon such matters affecting the administration of the Museum as cannot await consideration at the Regular Monthly Meetings of the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginning of each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make recommendations as to the expenditures which should be made for routine maintenance and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the Board, the expenditures as stated are authorized. Section 8. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all ac- counting and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall cause the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert indi- vidual or firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm J to the Board at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall have taken place. Section 9. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees. Section 10. The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and proceedings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board. Section ii. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees and Chairman of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Com- mittee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board. ARTICLE IX. nominating committee Section i. At the November meeting of the Board, each year a Nomi- nating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make nominations for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Commit- tee, the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and for three mem- bers of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted' at the ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual,* Meeting in January. ELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS. PLATE XXIX. WATER HYACINTH {Piaropus crassipes). REPRODUCTION OF AN ENTIRE PLANT. STANLEY FIELD LABORATORIES, FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 157 ARTICLE X. Section i. Whenever the word “Museum” is employed in the By-Laws of the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books, and all appurtenances of the Institution and the workings, researches, installa- tions, expenditures, field work, laboratories, library, publications, lecture courses, and all scientific and maintenance activities. Section 2. These By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a two-thirds vote of all the members present, provided the amendment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting. 158 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. HONORARY MEMBERS AYER, EDWARD E. AYER, MRS. EDWARD E. BLACKSTONE, MRS. T. B CHALMERS, WILLIAM J. CRANE, CHARLES R. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY GRAHAM, ERNEST R. HARRIS, ALBERT W. JONES, ARTHUR B. McCORMICK, STANLEY RYERSON, MARTIN A. SIMPSON, JAMES SPRAGUE, ALBERT A. PATRONS ANDERSON, PEIRCE ARMOUR, ALLISON V. BUTLER, EDWARD B. COLLINS, ALFRED M. CUMMINGS, MRS. ROBERT F. DAY, LEE GARNETT HUTCHINSON. CHARLES L. KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW KUNZ, GEORGE F. MANIERRE, GEORGE MARKHAM, CHARLES H. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PROBST, EDWARD SARGENT, HOMER E. SMITH, WILLARD A. KELLEY, WILLIAM V. WHITE, HOWARD J. DECEASED 1922 MILLER, JOHN S. WILSON, JOHN P. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 59 CORPORAT ALOIS, OWEN F. ANDERSON, PEIRCE ARMOUR, ALLISON V. AYER, EDWARD E. BLAIR, WATSON F. BORDEN, JOHN BUTLER, EDWARD B. BYRAM, HARRY E. CHALMERS, W. J. CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, H. C. COLLINS, ALFRED M. CRANE, Jr., RICHARD T. CUMMINGS, MRS. ROBERT F. DAVIES, D. C. DAY, LEE GARNETT EASTMAN, SIDNEY C ELLSWORTH, JAMES W. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY GAGE, LYMAN J. GRAHAM, ERNEST R. HARRIS, ALBERT W. HUTCHINSON, CHARLES L. ■ MEMBERS JONES, ARTHUR B. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KELLEY, WILLIAM V. KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW KOHLSAAT, HERMAN H. KUNZ, GEORGE F. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. MANIERRE, GEORGE MARKHAM, CHARLES H. MITCHELL, JOHN J. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PECK, FERDINAND W. PORTER, GEORGE F. PROBST, EDWARD RYERSON, MARTIN A. SARGENT, HOMER E. SIMPSON, JAMES SMITH, SOLOMON A. SMITH, WILLARD A. SPRAGUE, ALBERT A. STONE,, MELVILLE E. WHITE, HOWARD J. WRIGLEY, Jr., WILLIAM DECEASED I 922 BARTLETT, A. C. MILLER, JOHN S. WILSON, JOHN P. 160 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. LIFE MEMBERS ADAMS, MILWARD ALDIS, ARTHUR T. ALDIS, OWEN F. ALEXANDER, WILLIAM A. ALLEN, BENJAMIN ALLERTON, ROBERT H. AMES, JAMES C. AMES, KNOWLTON L. ARMOUR, A. WATSON ARMOUR, J. OGDEN ARMOUR, LESTER BABCOCK, FRED’K. R. BAKER, MISS ISABELLE BANCROFT, EDGAR A. BANKS, ALEXANDER F. BARRELL, FINLEY BARRETT, MRS. A. D. BARRETT, ROBERT L. BASSFORD. LOWELL C. BEALE, WILLIAM G. BECKER, A. G. BILLINGS, C. K. G. BILLINGS, FRANK BLACKSTONE, MRS. T. B. BLAINE, MRS. EMMONS BLAIR, HENRY A. BLAIR, WATSON F. BLOCK, P. D. BOOTH, W. VERNON BORDEN, JOHN BORLAND, CHAUNCEY B. BOYNTON, C. T. BRIDGE, NORMAN BREWSTER, WALTER S. BROWN, WILLIAM L. BUCHANAN, D. W. BUFFINGTON, EUGENE J. BURNHAM, JOHN BUTLER, EDWARD B. BYLLESBY, H. M. CARRY, EDWARD F. CARR, CLYDE M. CARR, ROBERT F. CARTON, L. A. CHALMERS, WILLIAM J. CLARK, EUGENE B. CLAY, JOHN CLOW, WILLIAM E. COBE, IRA M. CRAMER, CORWITH CRAMER, E. W. CRANE, CHARLES RICHARD CRANE, Jr., RICHARD T. CROWELL, H. P. CUDAHY, JOSEPH M. CUMMINGS. D. MARK CUNNINGHAM, FRANK S. DAU, J. J. DAWES, CHARLES G. DAY, ALBERT M. DECKER, ALFRED DEERING, CHARLES DEERING, JAMES DEFREES, JOSEPH H. DELANO. FREDERIC A. DICK, ALBERT BLAKE DONNELLEY, REUBEN H. DONNELLEY, THOMAS E. DRAKE, JOHN B. DRAKE, TRACY C. ECKHART, B. A. EDMUNDS, PHILIP S. FAIR, ROBERT M. FARNUM, HENRY W. FARWEJLL, ARTHUR L. FARWELL, FRANCIS C. FARWELL, JOHN V. FARWELL, WALTER FAY, C. N. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. 161 FELT, DORR E. FENTON, HOWARD W. FERGUSON, LOUIS A. FERNALD, GUSTAVUS S. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY FORGAN, DAVID R. FORGAN, JAMES B. FORSYTFI. ROBERT FYFFE, COLIN C. H. GARTZ, A. F. GARY, JOHN W. GETZ, GEORGE F. GLESSNER, JOHN J. GODDARD, LEROY A. GOODMAN, WILLIAM O. GOODRICH, A. W. GRISCOM, CLEMENT A. HAM ILL, ERNEST A. HASKELL, FREDERICK T. HASTINGS, SAMUEL M. HIBBARD, FRANK HILL, LOUIS W. HINDE, THOMAS W. HOPKINS, J. M. HOPKINS, L. J. HOROWITZ, L. J. HOYT, N. LANDON HUGHITT, MARVIN HULBERT, E. D. HULBURD, CHARLES H. HUTCHINSON, C. L. INSULL, SAMUEL JELKE, JOHN F. JOHNSON, MRS. ELIZABETH AYER JONES, ARTHUR B. JONES, DAVID B. JONES, THOMAS D. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KELLER, THEODORE C. KELLEY, WILLIAM V. KING, CHARLES GARFIELD KING, FRANCIS KING, JAMES G. KIRK, WALTER RADCLIFFE KUPPENHEIMER, LOUIS B. LAMONT, ROBERT P. LAWSON, VICTOR F. LEHMANN, E. J. LEONARD, CLIFFORD M. LOGAN, SPENCER H. LORD, JOHN B. LOWDEN, FRANK O. LYTTON, HENRY C. McCORMICIC, MRS. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. McCORMICIC, HAROLD F. McELWEE, ROBERT H. McINNERNEY, THOS. H. McKINLAY, JOHN McKINLOCK, GEORGE ALEXANDER McLaughlin, frederic McLaughlin, geo, d. Mclennan, d. r. McNULTY, T. J. McWilliams, lafayette MacVEAGH, FRANKLIN MARK, CLAYTON MARSH, FRANK A. MARSHALL, BENJAMIN, H. MARTIN, WILLIAM P. MASON, WILLIAM S. MINER, W. H. MITCHELL, JOHN J. MOORE, EDWARD S. MORSE, Jr., CHARLES H. MORTON, JOY MORTON, MARK MUNROE, CHARLES A. NEWELL, A. B. NOEL, JOSEPH R. ORR, ROBERT M. PALMER, HONORE PALMER, POTTER PAM, MAX PATTEN, HENRY J. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PEABODY, AUGUSTUS S. PEABODY, FRANCIS S. Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. 162 PIERCE, CHARLES I. P1EZ, CHARLES PIKE, CHARLES B. PINKERTON, WILLIAM A. PORTER, FRANK WINSLOW PORTER, GEORGE F. PORTER, GILBERT E. PORTER, H. H. RAWSON, FREDERICK H. REAM, MRS. CAROLINE P. REVELL, ALEXANDER H. REYNOLDS, GEORGE M, ROBINSON, THEODORE W. ROSENWALD, JULIUS RUNNELLS, CLIVE RUNNELLS, JOHN S. RUSSELL, EDMUND A. RUSSELL, EDWARD P. RYERSON, MRS. CARRIE IT. RYERSON, EDWARD L. RYERSON, MARTIN A. SCHWEPPE, CHARLES H. SCOTT, GEORGE E. SCOTT, HAROLD N. SCOTT, JOHN W. SHAFFER, JOHN C. SHEDD, JOHN G. SIMPSON, JAMES SMITH, ALEXANDER SMITH, ORSON SMITH, SOLOMON A. SOPER, JAMES P. SPOOR, JOHN A. SPRAGUE, ALBERT A. STEWART, ROBERT W. STOREY, W. B. STOUT, FRANK D. STRAWN, SILAS H. STUART, ROBERT STURGES, GEORGE SUNNY, B. E. SWIFT, CHARLES H. SWIFT, EDWARD F. SWIFT, Jr., G. F. SWIFT, LOUIS F. THORNE, CHARLES H. THORNE, ROBERT J. UPHAM, FREDERIC W. VAN VECHTEN, RALPH VEATCH, GEORGE L. VOLES, LAWRENCE M. WETMORE, FRANK O. WHEELER, CHARLES P. WILLARD, ALONZO j. WILLITS, WARD W. WILSON. JR., JOHN P. WILSON, OLIVER T. WILSON, THOMAS E. WILSON, WALTER H. WINSTON, GARRARD B. WINTER, WALLACE C. WOOLLEY, CLARENCE M. WRIGLEY, Jr., WILLIAM YATES. DAVID M. DECEASED IQ22 BARTLETT, A. C. GROMMES, JOHN B. HOXIE, MRS. JOHN R. JOHNSON, FRANK S. NATHAN, ADOLPH ASSOCIATE MEMBER POOL. MARVIN B. Jan., 1923. Annual Report of the Director. iC- ANNUAL MEMBERS ADAMS, CYRUS H. ARMOUR, GEORGE A. BAILEY, EDWARD P. BELDEN, JOSEPH G. BOAL, CHARLES T. BURLEY, CLARENCE A. COMSTOCK. WILLIAM C. CURTIS, FRANCES H. EISENDRATH, W. N. FIELD, HENRY FRANK, FIENRY L. FULLER, O. F. GREY, CHARLES F. GURLEY, W. W. HITCHCOCK, R. M. HOLT, GEORGE FI. HYRNEWETSKY, STEPHEN JENKINS, GEORGE H. JONES, J. S. LAMB, FRANK H. LINCOLN, ROBERT T. LINN. W. R. LOGAN, F. G. McCREA, W. S. MAGEE, HENRY W. MANSURE, E. L. MOORE, N. G. MULLIKEN, A. FI. NOLAN, JOHN H. PALMER, PERCIVAL B. PARKER, FRANCIS W. PEARSON, MRS. EUGENE H. RIPLEY, MRS. E. P. ROSENFELD, MRS. MAURICE SCHMIDT, DR. O. L. SCHWARTZ, G. A. SHORTALL, JOFIN L. SKINNER MISS FREDERIKA SPENCE, MRS. ELIZABETH E. STOCKTON, JOHN T. THROOP, GEORGE ENOS WACKER, CHARLES FI. WALKER, JAMES R. WALLER, EDWARD C. WHITEHEAD, W. M. WILSON, MRS. E. CRANE WILSON, M. H. WORCESTER, MRS. CHARLES H. DECEASED IQ22 CUMMINGS, E. A. MAYER, LEVY MEYER, MRS. M. A. SKINNER, MISS FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXX. THE LATE CHARLES F. MILLSPAUGH. CURATOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY FROM NOVEMBER 1, 1893 TO SEPTEMBER 15, 1923, THE DATE OF HIS DEATH. Field Museum of Natural History. Publication 217. Report Series. Vol. VI, No. 3. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR 1923. Chicago, U. S. A. January, 1924. BEQUESTS Bequests to Field Museum of Natural History may be made in securities, money, books or collections. For those desirous of making bequests to the Museum, the following form is suggested : FORM OF BEQUEST I do hereby give and bequeath to “Field Museum of Natural History" of the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, Cash Contributions made within the taxable year to Field Museum of Natural History to an amount not in excess of 15% of the tax payers net income are allowable as deductions in com- puting net income under the Revenue Law. CONTENTS Board of Trustees 170 Officers and Committees 171 Staff of Museum 172 Report of the Director 173 General Lectures 179 Entertainments for Children 180 Publications 182 Library 183 Cataloguing, Inventorying and Labeling 184 Accessions 187 Expeditions and Field Work 194 Installation and Permanent Improvement 21 1 The N. W. Harris Public School Extension 220 Guide-Lecturer 221 Publicity 222 Printing and Photography 223 Photogravures 224 Attendance 22 4 Attendance Statistics 225 Balance Sheet 226 List of Accession 227 Department of Anthropology 227 Department of Botany 229 Department of Geology 231 Department of Zoology 233 Section of Photography 236 The Library 236 Articles of Incorporation 246 Amended By-Laws 248 List of Honorary Members and Patrons 253 List of Corporate Members 254 List of Life Members 255 List of Associate Members 258 List of Sustaining Members 260 List of Annual Members 261 170 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. the board of trustees Edward E. Ayer Watson F. Blair John Borden Harry E. Byram William J. Chalmers Richard T. Crane, Jr. D. C. Davies Marshall Field Stanley Field Ernest R. Graham Albert W. Harris Arthur B. Jones Chauncey Keep Cyrus H. McCormick George Manierre Martin A. Ryerson James Simpson Solomon A. Smith Albert A. Sprague William Wrigley, Jr. HONORARY TRUSTEE Owen F. Aldis Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 171 OFFICERS Stanley Field, President Martin A. Ryerson, First Vice-President Watson F. Blair, Second Vice-President Albert A. Sprague, Third Vice-President D. C. Davies, Secretary George Manierre, Assistant Secretary Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer COMMITTEES Stanley Field Watson F. Blair William J. Chalmers Arthur B. Jones EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Albert A. Sprague Edward E. Ayer Marshall Field John Borden Watson F. Blair Martin A. Ryerson FINANCE COMMITTEE Arthur B. Jones Chauncey Keep Albert W. Harris William J. Chalmers William Wrigley, Jr. BUILDING COMMITTEE Cyrus H. McCormick x^lbert A. Sprague Ernest R. Graham AUDITING COMMITTEE Arthur B. Jones George Manierre William Wrigley, Jr. Albert A. Sprague PENSION COMMITTEE Solomon A. Smith James Simpson 172 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. administrative and scientific staff OF THE museum DIRECTOR D. C. Davies DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY Berthold Laufer, Curator Assistant Curators Charles L. Owen — Archaeology tFAY-CooPER Cole — Malayan Ethnology Albert B. Lewis — African and Melanesian Ethnology J. Alden Mason — Mexican and South American Archaeology Helen C. Gunsaulus — Japanese Ethnology Ralph Linton — North American Ethnology DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY ^Charles F. Millspaugh, Curator B. E. Dahlgren, Associate Curator — Economic Botany Assistant Curator J. Francis Macbride — Taxonomy DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY O. C. Farrington, Curator Henry W. Nichols, Associate Curator Elmer S. Riggs, Associate Curator of Paleontology DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY Wilfred H. Osgood, Curator William J. Gerhard, Associate Curator of Insects C. E. Hellmayr, Associate Curator of Birds Assistant Curators Edmond N. Gueret — Osteology R. Magoon Barnes — Oology Alfred C. Weed — Fishes Edmund Heller — Mammals John T. Zimmer — Birds Karl P. Schmidt — Reptiles and Amphibians Division of Taxidermy Julius Friesser, Mammals Leon L. Walters, Reptiles and Amphibians L. L. Pray, Fishes Ashley Hine, Birds DEPARTMENT OF THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION S. C. Simms, Curator THE LIBRARY Elsie Lippincott, Librarian Emily M. Wilcoxson, Assistant Librarian RECORDER H. F. Ditzel AUDITOR Benj. Bridge GUIDE LECTURER SECTION OF PUBLICITY Dorothy R. Cockrell R. R. More, in charge SECTION OF PRINTING U. A. Dohmen, in charge SECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION C. H. Carpenter, Photographer Carl F. Gronemann, Artist A. A. Miller, Photogravurist SUPERINTENDENT OF MAINTENANCE CHIEF ENGINEER John E. Glynn W. H. Corning f Resigned, October 31, 1923. ^Deceased, September 15, 1923. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1923 To the Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History: I have the honor to present a report of the operations of the Museum for the year ending December 31, 1923. During the past year, the thirtieth anniversary of the foundation of the Institution, the activities of the Museum were effectively maintained in all directions. The accumulation of material of great value from new fields, obtained by expeditions dispatched to various parts of the world under the auspices of the Captain Marshall Field Fund, constituted the most important activity of the Museum for the year. The expeditions to China, to Brazil, to Chile, to British Honduras, the joint expedition of Oxford University and the Museum in Mesopotamia, the Riggs paleontological expedition to Argentina, the archaeological expedition in Colombia, and the collections made by ordinary Museum expeditions, have brought to the stores of the Institution the most valuable material from every point of view that any year has recorded. The expedition to the Malayan Archipelago, conducted with funds contributed by Mr. Arthur B. Jones, returned during the year with a large quantity of excellent material. These expeditions have been conducted without serious interference to the work of labeling, rearranging and recasing previously acquired material and the installation of new specimens. The introduction of new material in the exhibition series in all departments, with the con- sequent extension of the geographic areas covered, has compelled a considerable rearrangement of material to conform to space require- ments and the transfer of many duplicates to the study collections. On account of the scientific discrimination and care with which this work was performed, the study collections have become more complete with- out detracting from the interest of the exhibited collections, at least from a popular standpoint. Increased storage facilities for duplicate and for exchange material have been provided in all the scientific departments, and the spaces for the accommodation of study collections are being enlarged and the system improved. 174 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Although the general subject of accessions is discussed in a subse- quent part of the report, special reference should be made here of the acquisition by gift of the well-known Borden Collection received from Mrs. George W. Robb of Borden, Indiana. This important collection consists of more than twenty thousand specimens of invertebrate paleozoic fossils, accompanied by the working library of the collector. Two important archaeological collections, consisting of 3,800 speci- mens, deposited by Mr. Martin A. Ryerson with the University of Chicago several years ago, were presented by Mr. Ryerson to the Museum. The progress made by the N. W. Harris Public School Extension during the past years and the interest that the public and the Chicago schools have manifested in this foundation, has encouraged the family of the founder of this philanthropy to increase the endowment from $250,000.00 to $375,000.00. Late in the month of November, Captain Marshall Field volunteered to increase his annual contribution to the Museum of $50,000.00 to $100,000.00 until further notice. Captain Field made no restrictions as to the use of this annuity, except the general suggestion that it should be used for the extension of the activities of the Institution. President Field has contributed during the year the sum of $63,630.00 to the deficit existing in the Building Fund. The total contributions from Mr. Field towards this end amount to $263,000.00. A contribution towards this deficit was also received from Messrs. Graham, Anderson, Probst & White, architects of the new building, in the amount of $6,000.00. President Field has also continued his endowment of the work per- formed in the Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratories. His contribution for the year 1923 being $12,000.00. The late Milward Adams, a Life Member of the Museum who had been interested in the Institution for a period of over twenty-five years, bequeathed to the Institution the sum of $5,000.00. Trustee James Simpson completed his payments towards the con- struction of the theatre which bears his name, at a total cost of ap- proximately $150,000.00. In addition to the actual cost of the theatre, Mr. Simpson assumed the expense of a canopy erected outside the entrance doors to the theatre, seven feet wide extending eighty feet to the drive, with a wide T opening along the sidewalk. The monumental work “The Sylva of North America” in fourteen volumes by Charles Sprague Sargent, and a considerable number of Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 175 volumes of the Bulletin of Essex Institute, all constituting an important acquisition to the general library, were presented by Mr. John J. Glessner. President Field has also presented a life size bust in bronze of a large African gorilla, entitled “The Old Man of Mikeno” by Carl E. Akeley. A representative collection of pewter, numbering 326 specimens, was presented by Mr. Edward E. Ayer. This material is installed in Room 23 on the second floor and has attracted much attention from visitors and students. As will be read elsewhere, Mr. Edward E. Ayer has continued his contributions of books to the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library and also to the Ichthyological Library. A catalogue is now in prepara- tion of the first mentioned library. Mr. Alfred M. Collins, a Patron of the Museum, invited the Institu- tion to participate in an expedition to the Belgian Congo for the purpose of collecting natural history specimens in a region not previously sub- jected to careful investigation, with the result that Mr. Edmund Heller, Assistant Curator of Mammals, was assigned to accompany Mr. Collins to Africa. The party sailed from New York late in November, and expected to reach their destination the first of January. The plans of the expedition will keep it in that country for approximately six months. The reports from Professor Stephen Langdon, in charge of the joint expedition in Mesopotamia, at least suggest the acquisition by the Museum of important archaeological examples. In accordance with the arrangement made with the Geographic Society of Chicago some time ago, whereby the Museum agreed to allocate office area for the headquarters of the Society, it was determined to assign Hall 33 for this purpose. The premises thus assigned have been attractively furnished, occupancy commencing early in the month of September. The physical additions to the building during the year included the construction of a Poisoning and Storage Room at the south end of the fourth floor, which provides excellent storage facilities for the Depart- ment of Anthropology. The restaurant on the ground floor was con- verted during the year into a cafeteria, where self-serving facilities are now available. The headquarters of the Guard force have been trans- ferred from the south side to the northwest corner of the building, where more comfortable accommodation is provided. 176 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol, VI. As a means of controlling daylight in the exhibition areas, windows in Halls 22,29 and 38 have been furnished with one hundred and eighty pairs of interlined Mohair curtains. These curtains are hung on brass poles and so arranged that the upper third or lower two-thirds can be drawn independently of each other. They are of a color to harmonize with the wall decoration. The filling in of the terrace and the unfinished marble steps at the east end of the building were completed, as were the approaches and sidewalks of the terrace. The shipping room and boiler room roofs were waterproofed and overlaid with cement. These approaches and roofs required the laying of 3,721 square yards of white cement to match the entrances. The sidewalk along the outer balustrade of the terrace, con- necting with the cement work to make a continuous walk around the building, required the laying of 2,400 feet of crushed limestone fifteen feet wide. Two ornamental grill openings have been fitted in the buttresses of the north entrance steps for fresh air intakes. The terrace steps have been repointed with cement and the entrance steps and buttresses have been caulked and pointed. The window sills have been carefully examined and more than one-third of them caulked and repointed. A fuming hood with exhaust for celluloid work and three fresh air inlets have been installed in the taxidermy shop. The bird taxidermist shop on the third floor and rooms 88 and 90 have been equipped with water, gas, air, work benches, storage cases for specimens and storage cases for working material. Window benches have been built in rooms 81 and 88. On the third floor eleven rooms have been painted. In order to provide suitable space for the departmental library in Botany, Room 2, formerly a skylight, has been floored over and the partitions separating rooms 1 and 2 removed and the three rooms thrown into one large room. Somewhat similar arrangements were made for the Departmental library in Geology, with the exception that the partitions were not removed. In the latter library 1,388 lineal feet of shelving have been placed. The facilities in the Section of Printing have been increased by the addition of a 14 x 22 Universal Printing Press, equipped with a variable speed motor. This press is used chiefly for process color printing. It is adaptable for embossing work and for large labels or any printing too large for the two platen presses. Progress has been made during the year in the classification of the 20,000 lantern slides. These slides were originally divided between the four departments under separate index systems, but have now been Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 1 77 brought together under one central system. Five lantern slides file cabinets were purchased, with a total capacity of approximately 50,000 slides. These cabinets were specially built for the storage of lantern slides, with grooved compartments along the interior of the drawers to secure a perfect division of the slides. A gratifying and increasing appreciation of the lecture courses pre- sented by the Museum is to be recorded, especially by children under sixteen years of age, for whom two courses were specially arranged. The programs for children consist chiefly of moving pictures and are given on Saturday mornings in March and April , October and Novem- ber. At first it was believed that one showing of the picture would be sufficient, but the children attracted to these entertainments on one Saturday morning numbered over seven thousand, with the consequence that the lecture had to be repeated five times. The attendance subse- quently dropped off slightly, due to the disappointment of many who could not even approach the doors of the theatre. The campaign of publicity regarding the Museum and its activities resulted in a marked increase in attendance within a few weeks of its inauguration. The Museum is indebted to the cooperation of the trans- portation companies in placing the placards relating to the Museum in their cars and station platforms. The motor clubs also assisted in dis- tributing folders containing information as to the correct motor roads leading to the Institution. The By-Laws, published elsewhere in this report, explain the differ- ent characters of memberships and discloses the conditions under which they may be secured. Under the direction of the Secretary of the Cor- poration nominations for memberships were and are being made in large numbers and thus far 142 Associate Members, 88 Sustaining Members, and 253 Annual Members have been elected. Besides securing to the Museum an effective constituency, these memberships provide a considerable annual revenue and it is believed that with proper efforts the number may be largely augmented from year to year. In recognition of the eminent service he has rendered to science, Mr. Ernest R. Graham was elected an Honorary Member of the Museum. In recognition of the eminent service they have rendered to the Mu- seum, Mr. Peirce Anderson, Mr. Edward Probst, Mr. Howard J. White, Dr. George F. Kunz, and Mr. William V. Kelley were elected Patrons of the Institution. The following were elected Life Members: Mr. Sewell L. Avery, John F. Jelke, Jr., Miss Shirley Farr, Mrs. Julia L. Whitney, Mr. Harold 178 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol VI. H. Swift, Mr. William H. Finley, Miss Alice Robson, Mr. F. Edson White, Mr. W. R. Linn, Mr. Augustus A. Carpenter, Mr. Charles K. Knickerbocker, Mr. Chas. A. Stevens, Mr. George S. Payson, Mr. Albert Pick, Mr. Benjamin Carpenter, Mr. Charles H. Markham, Mr. C. M. Kittle, and Mr. Kieth Spalding. An amendment to the By-Laws made during the early part of the year, concerned the method of disbursing the funds of the Institution; briefly, the voucher system heretofore in operation was partially aband- oned, a combination voucher and check being substituted. This change has materially reduced the clerical work in this connection. The Board of Trustees, after careful consideration, decided to abandon the suggestion to install in the new building the transportation collection at one time exhibited in the old building in Jackson Park. The founder of the Stanley Field Museum Employes Pension Fund, with the approval of the Pension Committee, authorized a handsome increase in the capital value of the life policies of those individuals who have been in the continuous service of the Museum for a period of twenty-five years or more. This action when put in operation affected twenty-one individuals. The Museum sustained a very serious loss during the year in the death of Dr. Charles F. Millspaugh, Curator of the Department of Botany since the inception of the Institution. The loss of Dr. Millspaugh to the Museum is expressed in the following resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees: The announcement of the death of Doctor Charles Frederick Millspaugh, in Chicago on September 15, 1923, is received by the Board of Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History with feelings of deep regret. Beginning his career as a physician, Doctor Millspaugh early undertook the study of medicinal plants. While thus engaged, botany gradually became his dominant interest and, in the end, his life work and profession, for which his practice of medicine was abandoned. He became in time one of the best known botanists of the day and his standing was unique, being equally notable in two distinct fields of his science, taxonomy and plant economics. He enjoyed the distinction of having been the first appointee on the museum staff and as such was associated with this institution from its very inception. For the first time in the history of Museums Botanical Science was given full recognition and an adequate amount of space for its display. The opportunity thus granted was utilized by Doctor Millspaugh to the fullest extent. The son of an artist, he wrought a knowledge of the principles and practice of art as well as of science into his work, and was thus able to impart rare attractiveness as well as scientific accuracy to his museum displays. It is conceded by those familiar with his museum installations that he initiated a new era for botanical exhibits. No less remarkable than his genius for museum display was his ability as a curator from the administrative and scientific standpoint. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 179 In a relatively short period of time he built up the Herbarium of Field Museum until it ranks as one of the largest in the world, and through a system of cataloguing which he devised and carried into effect, its contents are so well organized that it is available for reference to a degree perhaps unequalled. In his personal relations as a member of the Museum Staff, Doctor Millspaugh was respected and admired by all. Especially noteworthy was his unfailing readiness to place at the service of his colleagues any or all of the treasures of wisdom with which his many years of wide experience had provided him. He traveled extensively both before and during his connection with the museum, visiting many foreign countries in the interests of his department, and in the course of his travels worked for a time in most of the botanical gardens of the world. Doctor Millspaugh was the author of a number of books, notably a West Virginia Flora, and the co-author of others, such as the recent Bahama Flora, in conjunction with his friend Doctor N. L. Britton. The last of his works, the Flora of Santa Catalina, gained universal approval as a model of its kind. His treatises on the plants of Yucatan, his botanical explorations in the Bahamas, and his work on the Spurges in particular, were accorded wide recognition. In botanical literature his name will always endure. His death is felt as a distinct loss by the Board of Trustees, and he is mourned by the staff of the museum, as well as by many who knew him only by name or as National President of the Wild Flower Preservation Society. The Board of Trustees desires to have this expression of their sorrow and appreciation of Doctor Millspaugh ’s work and career spread on the records of the institution and a duly attested copv sent to the members of his family. General Lectures. On October 6th, the Museum resumed its series of free lecture courses discontinued since the Autumn of 1913. The lectures were held in the James Simpson Theatre on Saturday after- noons, at three o’clock. Because of the varied nature of these lectures they were well attended. Since adults showed much interest in the program of moving pictures arranged for children, three programs were added to the regular series. These were the Martin Johnson film, “Trailing African Wild Animals;” “A Trip Through Egypt;” and the film “Nanook of the North.” The total attendance for the course was 8,293 persons. The following is the program of the Fortieth Free Lecture Course, delivered during the months of October and November, 1923 : October 6 — ‘ ‘ Unique Siam. ’ ’ Professor James H. Gore, Founder and Life Trustee of National Geographic Societv, Washington D. C. October 13 — “Australia’s Wild Northwest.” Mr. M. P. Greenwood Adams, New' York City. i8q Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. October 20 — “The Music of the Red Man.” Dr. Henry Purport Fames, Chicago, Illinois. October 27 — “Fishes and Fishing in South America.” Dean Carl H. Eigenmann, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana. November 3 — “The Natives of the Marquesas Islands.” Dr. Ralph H. Linton, Assistant Curator of North American Ethnology, Field Museum of Natural History. November 10 — “Animal Life in the Jungles of South America.” Mr. Edmund Heller, Assistant Curator of Mam- malogy, Field Museum of Natural History. November 17 — “The National Park Service — What It Is Trying To Do for the American People.” Hon. Stephen T. Mather, Director of the National Parks, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. C. November 24 — “On Beaten Paths in Europe; A Travel Talk.” Professor J. Paul Goode, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Entertainments for Children. — Regular courses of lectures to school children have been given during the year in the James Simpson Theatre of the Museum. The main features of the entertainments were the moving pictures which added much to the interest of the children. There were two courses ; the first series of ten entertainments being held in the spring and the second series of eight in the fall. Three of these fall programs were so enthusiastically received that they were repeated during the month of December. Many of the lectures were so popular, that the applications for seats were greatly in excess of the capacity of the Auditorium and it was necessary to extend the original lecture of one hour to a continuous program lasting from 9 :oo o’clock in the morning until 1 :oo o’clock in the afternoon. The total attendance for the two courses was 22,021 children. The programs were as follows: March 24 — Introduction. Moving Pictures: “The Four Seasons" (Animal Life). Museum Tour: Department of Zoology. March 31 — “Chipmunks and Their Relatives." *Moving Pictures: “Chipmunks and Other Animals.” “Br’er Rabbit and His Pals." Museum Tour: Halls 15, 16 and 17. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. FOSSIL CRINOIDS FROM THE BORDEN COLLECTION OF INDIANA. GIFT OF MRS. GEORGE W. ROBB. One ninth actual size. Janv 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 181 April 7 — '‘Birds of Lake Mighigan.” *Moving Pictures: “Water Birds/' Museum Tour: Halls 20 and 21. ' April 14 — “The Folk Lore of Precious Gems.” Moving Pictures: “Magic Gems.” “Neptune’s Neighbors.” Museum Tour: H. N. Higinbotham Hall. April 21 — “How Birds Migrate.” *Moving Pictures: “Familiar Birds.” Museum Tour: Halls 20 and 21. April 28 — “Primitive Fire Makers.” *Moving Pictures: “Fire Making Without Matches.” “Ants.” “Bees.” Museum Tour: Department of Anthropology. May 5 — “Children in Japan.” Moving Pictures: “Nippon. The Boys’ Festival.” “Going to School in Japan.” Museum Tour: F. W. Gunsaulus Hall. May 12 — “Home Life of Common Birds.” *Moving Pictures: “Common Birds.” Museum Tour: Halls 20 and 21. May 19 — “The Habits of the Moose and the White-tailed Deer.” ^Moving Pictures: “Wild Moose and Deer.” “Man’s Four-footed Helpers.” Museum Tour: G. M. Pullman Hall and Hall 16. May 26 — “What Sharp Eyes Can See.” *Moving Pictures: “Wayside Natural History.” Museum Tour: General. * N. B. — Grateful acknowledgement is made to Doctor Thomas W. Roberts, Director of the Zoological Museum of the University of Minnesota, for the loan of moving pictures marked with an asterisk. October 6 — Moving Pictures: “Trailing African Wild Animals.” (The Martin Johnson Film). Museum Tour: African Game Animals. October 13 — Moving Pictures: *“Snowy Heron and Its Extermination.” *“Non-game Bird-life in Louisiana.” *“Game Bird-life.” *“Wild Geese.” Museum Tour: Birds. October 20 — Colored Slides and Moving Pictures: t“The Monarch Butterfly.” t“The Sarnia Cecropia Moth.” f“The Greenbottle Fly.” Museum Tour: Insects. October 27 — Colored Slides and Moving Pictures: t“Pond and Stream.” |“Toads.” Museum Tour: Fishes and Reptiles. November 3 — Colored Slides and Moving Pictures: t“ Field and Wayside.” f/Bees.” t“Wasps.” Museum Tour: Insects. November 10 — Colored Slides and Moving Pictures: f“Mosquitoes.” f“The Black-and-yellow Spider.” “Baby Song-birds at Meal-time.” Museum Tour: Insects and Birds. 182 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. November 17 — Moving Pictures: “A Trip to Egypt.” “Egypt — The Road to the Pyramids.” “Calling on the Sphinx.” Museum Tour: Egyptian Archaeology. November 24 — Moving Pictures: “Nanook of the North.” Museum Tour: Eskimo Collection. N. B. — Grateful acknowledgment is made to Mr. E. A. Mcllhenny of Avery Island, Louisiana, for the gift of moving pictures marked with an (*) and to the Society for Visual Education, Chicago, for the loan of moving pictures marked with a (f). The following books have been published during the year: Pub. 212 — Botanical series, Vol. V, No. 1. The Flora of Santa Catalina Island. By Charles F. Millspaugh and L. W. Nuttall, January, 1923. 413 pages, 1 color plate, 25 halftones, 1 map. Edition 1,031. Pub. 213 — Report Series, Vol. VI, No. 2. Annual Report of the Director for the year 1923. 81 pages, 13 halftones, Edition 2,028. Pub. 214 — Zoological Series Vol. X, No. 16. Contents and Index to Volume X (Nos. 1-15) 22 pages. December, 1923. Edition 1,000. Pub. 215 — Zoological Series, Vol. XV. Marine Fishes of Panama. Part 1. By S. E. Meek and S. F. Hildebrand. December, 1923. 342 pages. 24 halftones. Edition 1,500. A list of handbooks and leaflets published is given below : — Manual — 53 pages, edition 4,953. General Guide — 24 pages, edition 15,055. Guide to Oriential Theatricals, Part 1. By B. Laufer. Edition, 4,997. Leaflets— -Anthropology, No. 7. Purification of the Sacred Bundles. By Ralph Linton. One photogravure, n pages. Edition 3T03- Anthropology, No. 8. Annual Ceremony of the Pawnee Medicine Men. By Ralph Linton. 2 photogravures. 20 pages. Edition 3,064. Anthropology, No. 9. The Use of Sago in New Guinea. By Albert B. Lewis. 4 photogravures. 3 figures. 9 pages. Edition 3,054. PUBLICATIONS 11 halftones. 59 pages. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 183 Anthropology, No. 10. Use of Human Skulls and Bones in Tibet. By B. Laufer. One halftone. 16 pages. Edition 2,970. Anthropology, No. n. The Japanese New Year’s Festival, Games and Pastimes. By Helen C. Gunsaulus. 8 halftones. 18 pages. Geology, No. 3. Amber. By Oliver C. Farrington. 3 colored photogravures. 1 photogravure (monotone) 7 pages. Edition 3,051. Geology, No. 4. Meteorites. By Oliver C. Farrington. 4 photogravures. 11 pages. Edition 3,044. Zoology, No. 4. The Periodical Cicada. By William J. Ger- hard. 4 photogravures. 14 pages. Edition 3,128. Zoology, No. 5. The Alligator Gar. By Alfred C. Weed. 3 photogravures. 16 pages. LIBRARY The location of the Library, on the third floor, to which it was transferred early last year has proved of great benefit to the staff of the Museum. The resources of the library have been constantly taxed, es- pecially by the returning members of the expeditionary forces who need authoritative works to identify, classify and label the material collected. The accessions of the year were 2,375 books and pamphlets and 81 maps, bringing the total number of books and pamphlets in the library to 82,033. As in former years the library is again indebted to the generosity of Mr. Edward E. Ayer for valuable additions to the Ornithological Library bearing his name. This donation includes one hundred and fifty one works in seven hundred and twenty volumes, exceeding in number any of his previous gifts. Included in this collection were books long out of print or unusual in character. A special bookplate designed by the Museum’s artist has been made to mark the books presented by Mr. Ayer. Mr. John J. Glessner presented the monumental work by Charles Sprague Sargent, The Silva of North America, in fourteen volumes, illus- trated by over seven hundred plates. Noteworthy accessions were also received from M. Henri Gadeau de Kerville, Paris — a Zoological Voyage through Syria; Mr. Ramirez Goyena, Nicaragua, the Flora of Nicaragua; Mr: E. A. Strehlneek, Shanghai, Chinese Pictorial Art; Mr. William J. Chalmers, works on China; Mr. J. A. Hammerton, London, Peoples of all Nations and Hon. John Barton Payne, Gamio, La Poblacion del Valle de Teotihuacan, three volumes. 184 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. The fund available for the purchase of books was expended on works necessary to meet the requirements of the staff. Over two hundred and eighty-five books were purchased and orders for one hun- dred and twenty-nine volumes are still outstanding. Five hundred and seventy-nine volumes of books were bound and eleven thousand, four hundred and seventy-nine cards were alphabetically filed, together with the monthly installments of author cards from the John Crerar Library. Among a number of important sets of periodicals purchased are the following : Annals of the Association of American Geographers, eleven vol- umes. Avicultural Magazine, fifteen volumes. Buffon, Histoire naturelle, one hundred and twenty-seven vol- umes. 1798-1808. Chinese repository, twenty volumes, 1832-1857. Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, thirty-six volumes. Engler and Drude’s Vegetation der Erde, fourteen volumes. Gypsy Lore Society Journal, nine volumes. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, twenty- three volumes. K. K. Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft, Verhandlungen, fifty- three volumes. Ornithologisches Jahrbuch, twenty-nine volumes. The principal asset in the growth of the library is the system of exchange, by means of which the publications of other scientific institu- tions are received in exchange for those issued by the museum. Exchanges were received this year from six hundred and seventy indi- viduals and contemporary institutions. Five new exchanges were effected with the following societies: Societe des Sciences Naturelles de 1’Afrique du Nord, Societe Botanique de Pologne, Warsaw, Societe Scientifique de Poznan, Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc and Societe de Geographie d’ Alger. DEPARTMENTAL CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING AND LABELING Anthropology. — The work of cataloguing in the Department of Anthropology has been continued as usual during the current year, the number of catalogue cards prepared totaling 2,429. These cards are dis- tributed geographically as follows : South American and Mexican arche- ology 1553; North American ethnology 88; Australia and Africa 31; FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXXII. PREHISTORIC GOLD ORNAMENTS EXCAVATED FROM GRAVES, SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA. CAPT. MARSHALL FIELD EXPEDITION TO COLOMBIA, 1923. Three fifths actual size. Width of central figure 6SA inches. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 185 China, Korea and Japan 552 ; Chinese pewter 20; European pewter 185. Of these cards 376 have been entered in the inventory books of the department, which number 39. The number of annual accessions amounts to 59, of which 26 have been catalogued. Two accessions of previous years were also tabulated. The total number of catalogue cards entered from the opening of the first volume is 157,938. Several thou- sand labels were prepared and installed during the year, the number of labels supplied by the printer totaling 5,036. These labels are distributed as follows: Plains Indians 2,261; Plateau Indians and Salish tribes 803; Mexico, Paraguay and Brazil 410; Ayer Pewter collection 570; Mela- nesia 96; Stanley Field Hall 48; Gem Room 3; Egypt 76; sculpture of India 120; Japan 638; miscellaneous 11. The printer further supplied the Department with 6,175 catalogue cards and 500 copies of a sketch map of the United States, to be used for exhibition purposes in the cases of Halls 4 and 5. Two hundred and twenty label cards were prepared and added to the label-file. The labels in this file serve as a cross check to the labels in the exhibition cases, so that any label desired may be found without delay. Three hundred and fifty-four photographs were added to the departmental albums, and a new album was begun. Botany. — Over 16,800 new entries were made during the year in the Department Catalogue, bringing the total number of catalogued specimens in the Department up to 529,991. Additions were made to the various Department card files as follows : No. of Cards 1923 Total Index to Botanical Species 4,761 170,849 Index to Common Names 607 24,106 Index to Collectors 164 10,584 Index to Geographical Localities s 47 2 ,907 Index to Euphorbiaceae 852 A card catalogue index was begun of the ‘economic’ material in the Department, i. e., all of the exhibition and reference material other than the herbarium specimens. A total of 8,400 cards were written and indexed. Geology. — All accessions received in the Department of Geology have been carefully catalogued as received with the exception of the collections obtained by the Alberta expedition and part of those acquired by the Curator in Brazil. The cataloguing of these is not yet completed. The Borden collection is being catalogued as fast as it can be organized, but it will be several years before the work on this material is completed. A total of 6,245 new entries has been made during the year. Of these, i86 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. 5,246 represent additions to the Borden collection; 540 to the mineral and 147 to the economic collections. A total of 577 new labels were written during the year. A new process of printing, developed in the section of printing, has made possible the installation of mahogany guide labels over the cases in the halls of mineralogy, paleontology and dynamic and geographic geology. These labels are printed in gold ink on a veneer of mahogany board and thus harmonize completely with the framing of the cases. This system of case labeling, which is a distinct improvement over the old style labels, was originated several years ago and is now nearing completion. A total of 23 1 prints have been added to the Department photograph albums, which now contain 4,052 labeled prints. Special labor was involved in the preparation of a series of large, oval, descriptive labels which have been placed at the ends of ten pyramidal cases in paleontology. They were printed with gold ink on mahogany veneer board. As it was found that a glass cover would interfere with their legibility, the mahogany board upon which they were printed was specially prepared to ensure durability of the printing. The effect of the labels as prepared and mounted in this manner is very pleasing and it is believed that they will be found to be durable. For the systematic mineral collection a series of large labels giving a description of important mineral groups, such as the micas, feldspars and garnets has been prepared and installed. Zoology. — The cataloguing of the accessions in the Department of Zoology has been continued. The total number of entries made was 3,451, distributed as follows: Mammals, 132; Birds, 140; Fishes, 448; Insects, 425; Skeletons, 43; Reptiles and Amphibians, 2,262. The entries made in the last division represent the accumulated uncata- logued material, which has now been reduced to a minimum. The index of salamanders has been maintained and shows an increase of 22 entries and an addition of five species new to the Museum’s collections. In the Division of Fishes 500 additional entries have been made in old record books under numbers “assigned” but not previously used. In the improved index of fish specimens under the new catalogue system, 103 new sheets have been made and new entries on these and other sheets total 337. All specimens have been thoroughly labeled. In the Division of Insects, the cataloguing has been confined mostly to the series of North American butterflies which were selected for future exhibition. New labels for 994 shells have been provided to replace the old style of labeling. In the Division of Osteology 1 2 new labels were FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXXIII. GREAT GRAY OWL. TAXIDERMY BY ASHLEY HINE. One third natural size. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 187 prepared, framed and placed on metal supports in front of the large skeletons which are installed on open stands. A total of 2,016 lantern slides has been classified and labeled under the following headings: Zoology 782, maps and diagrams 108, physiography and scenery 1,136. The following table shows the work performed on catalogues and inventories in the various Departments. Number of Total No. of entries to Dec. Entries during Total No. of cards Record Books 31, 1923 1923 written Department of Anthropology. . . . 39 159,991 2,429 159,991 Department of Botany 63 529,248 16,822 8,400 Department of Geology 153,916 6,245 6,822 Department of Zoology 40 108,671 3,451 34,909 The Library 14 142,393 11,499 317,917 ACCESSIONS Anthropology. — The new accessions received during the past year by the Department of Anthropology have been extraordinarily large, due to the successful field expeditions. These accessions were received from almost all parts of the world and exceed in number and value the acces- sions obtained during the past twelve years. The total number of ac- cessions registered amounts to 59; of these, 45 are by gift, 4 by exchange, 6 by purchase, and 4 as the result of Museum expeditions. Several more shipments were received from the Captain Marshall Field Expedition to Colombia, containing large numbers of fine small objects, such as gold, beads, shell, stone and pottery, as well as ethnologi- cal objects from the Goajiro and Arhuaco Indians, consisting of knitted bags and hammocks, bows and arrows, pots, gourds, and many others illustrative of their culture and mode of life. The collections obtained by the Arthur B. Jones Expedition to Malaysia are particularly noted for the textiles and metal work, comprehensively representing the life of the Sakai, Semang, Yakun and Malay of the Federated Malay States, the Tobak Batak and Menangkabau of Sumatra, as well as the natives of Nias, Java and Borneo. The collections secured by the Captain Mar- shall Field Expedition to China conducted by the curator have been characterized under the heading “Expeditions.” The most valuable accessions to the North American Indian collec- tions consist of a complete Menominee Indian woman’s costume, pur- chased through the assistance of Mr. Alanson Skinner of the Public Museum of Milwaukee. Two Fox medicine bundles, three Fox medicine otters, three Iroquois pipes, and two Central Algonquian robes with silk applique were received through exchange with the Public Museum of Milwaukee. The examples of Indian applique work are especially 188 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. valuable, as this form of decoration was highly developed among the Indians living in the neighborhood of Chicago during the early nine- teenth century and was not previously represented in the Museum col- lections. A small, but excellent collection of objects from the Alaskan Eskimo was presented by Mr. W. H. Roberts of Chicago. Mrs. C. M. Andersen of Chicago presented an Eskimo woman’s suit consisting of an eider-down lined jacket, sealskin trousers and inner and outer sealskin boots, brought from Good Hope, Greenland. Mr. Edward E. Ayer presented a woman’s dance skirt of buckskin decorated with shells and pendant beads of glass, shell, and abalone, from one of the tribes of northwestern California. A head-band of stuffed buckskin and a closely woven head-dress worn in the White Deerskin Dance are the gifts of Mr. Homer E. Sargent and were accompanied by a unique Navaho blanket in red, black, yellow and green colors made from native dyes. The history of the blanket, as far as obtainable, is that it was secured in the Navaho country about 1850 and remained in the possession of the same family until quite recently. The Museum, further, received from Mr. Sargent the fifth installment of his collection of baskets con- sisting of 27 specimens from Alaska, California, and Abyssinia. These, with his previous gifts of the same character, make a total of 665 baskets he has presented to the Museum. Mr. Watson F. Blair and Mr. Chauncey Keep, trustees, presented two very large chipped obsidian blades from the Yurok tribe of Humboldt County, California, similar to those which were carried in the hands of the two leaders of the White Deerskin Dance, performed only in that region. A Salish blanket pur- chased by the Museum presents an unusual texture and technique, being decorated with a group of herringbone patterns. Seven accessions relate to Latin America, two from Mexico being considered the most important. The large Mexican collection formerly deposited in the University of Chicago was presented to the Museum by Mr. Martin A. Ryerson. This collection consists of about 3,000 pieces, among them being some exceptionally fine specimens of pottery, stone carving, and work in obsidian, shell and copper. The Aztec, Toltec, Zapotec, Huaxtec and Tarascan cultures are well repre- sented, and the collection is eminently desirable to round out and im- prove the present Mexican exhibit. It also contains 400 objects relating to the archeology of the Southwest and 70 objects from Peru. Mr. Franklin Hollister presented an excellent small Mexican statue of lava with inset bone teeth of typical, but unusually fine technique. Two small collections were secured by the Museum’s zoological expeditions to South America. One of these, a collection excavated and presented to the Jan.., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 189 Museum by Mr. F. C. McNutt, is especially noteworthy for carved wooden objects and basketry. The arid climate of the Atacama desert, in the north central portion of Chile, has served to preserve these an- tiquities, which have been recovered in excellent condition. Unusual pieces of bronze, stone, textiles and pottery are also contained in the collection, which demonstrates affinities with both Peruvian and Cal- chaquian cultures. Among twelve copper pieces is included an extra- ordinary axe of Diaguite type, skillfully hafted. There are some remarkable wooden bells of oval shape with two holes for suspension, similar to the copper bells of Diaguite origin. The Egyptian collections were increased by the wrappings of a mummy and 18 Ushebti figures, presented by Mr. Edward E. Ayer. These, with the series donated on previous occasions, make a total of 95 Ushebti figures. A lion-mane head-dress with two strips of white monkey-skin attached, from the Masai in British East Africa, was presented by Mr. A. Healy of Chicago. As this tribe is no longer per- mitted to engage in warfare, such head-gears have become quite scarce. Bows and arrows from the Congo region were given by Mr. W. J. Chalmers. Arm rings of ivory and brass wire, daggers, and foot-wear from Upper Nigeria were purchased by the Museum. Three good ex- amples of boomerangs from tribes of Central Australia, two being painted with native red ochre, and one of a rather unusual type, were presented by Mr. F. R. Babcock. While engaged on his expedition to China, the curator received many gifts to the museum, aggregating 206 objects. Fine jade carvings of the Han period, jade bowlders and ancient iron implements presented by Mr. P. J. Bahr of Shanghai, and an imperial jade emblem of the Sung period presented with four bits of Sung, Yuan, and Ming pottery by Mr. T. R. Abbott of Peking, are deserving of particular mention for their artistic value. At the beginning of the year, Mr. Edward E. Ayer presented an extensive collection of pewter objects comprising plates, tankards, jugs, mugs, tureens, guild-cups, teapots, lamps and candlesticks, which ori- ginated in China, England, the United States, Germany and Austria. This collection was immediately placed on exhibition in Hall 23 in 9 cases. Since then, Mr. Ayer has completed his collection of ancient pewter by means of numerous additions. In the course of the year 139 pewter objects of European, Chinese and Japanese origin were received from Mr. Ayer in order to strengthen the collection now on exhibition. With these novel additions, the pewter collection is made thoroughly comprehensive, embracing all countries and periods, and containing all articles ever made in this alloy. 190 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Dr. Ludwig Hektoen presented a very fine old blade from a Japanese fighting sword. This sword is presumably of sixteenth century work- manship, and is encased in a scabbard of unstained wood which is pro- tected by a brocade cover. A series of ten Japanese paintings illustrating the transience of human life are the gift of Mr. Frederick Gookin of Chicago. Three miniature Japanese masks of carved, painted wood, representing a peasant and two young noblemen, were received from Mr. Norman Beck of Chicago, and Mr. Charles Ailing of Chicago added an interesting surimono by Kunisada to the collection of Japanese prints. Botany. — The most important accessions to the Department of Botany were received from the Captain Marshall Field Expeditions. 11,000 specimens, or 4,250 numbers were secured, of which 3,500 are flowering and 750 are non-flowering plants. Other collections of importance received during the year were the Andre Bolivian Collection of 1,000 plants secured from the Kew Gardens; the Robert H. and Rich- ard Schomburgk British Guiana collection of 315 specimens; the II. A. Gleason collection of 1,200 Guiana plants and the LaVarre-Lang collec- tions of 200 numbers; a collection made by A. C. Persaud of 1,300 specimens or 445 numbers also from British Guiana ; 496 Brazilian plants collected by Blanchet and Claussen; a miscellaneous collection of 502 plants from the United States National Herbarium; another of 555 specimens mostly from Pennsylvania, collected by R. R. Driesbach; a collection of 218 Wisconsin plants deposited by John R. Heddle. Geology. — Mrs. George W. Robb of Borden, Indiana, presented the Department of Geology with the most important addition to the original geological collections ever received by gift. This valuable collection forms an unusually complete series, estimated to contain about 30,000 specimens of Devonian, Mississippian and Pennsylvanian fossils, from the well-known collecting grounds of southern Indiana and Kentucky. It contains also numerous specimens from other regions and periods. This collection is the result of many years’ work by the prominent geologist, Prof. William W. Borden. To the result of his own labors Professor Borden added at a cost of thousands of dollars the best speci- mens he could secure from other collectors. He purchased the entire Harrod collection and others of lesser note and secured the most valuable material from such well known collections as the Greene. Although a substantial Museum building had been erected in Borden to house the collection, Mrs. Robb felt that its importance justified placing it in a larger institution where its intrinsic value could be appreciated by greater numbers. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXXIV. CEREMONIAL OBSIDIAN BLADES OF YUROK, CALIFORNIA PRESENTED BY CHAUNCEY KEEP AND WATSON F. BLAIR. Length 20% and 16% inches, respectively. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 191 The collection is especially noteworthy for the beauty and perfection of its crinoids and for the extreme care with which the specimens have been assembled. This acquisition has made it necessary to prepare for an extensive reorganization of the exhibits of invertebrate paleontology. Dr. William Bebb presented twelve specimens of fossil bird skulls from the La Brea asphalt beds. The Stanford University through the courtesy of Dr. David Starr Jordan, presented a slab containing fossils of the herring-like fish, Xyne. Twenty-three fossil shells from the Chilean Andes have been received from the Captain Marshall Field Chilean Expedition. Teeth from two of the great fossil sharks, collected in equatorial Africa, were presented by Mr. Anthony J. Wysche. A large collection of fossil shells from the San Pedro beds, California, was con- tributed by Mr. E. E. Halvorsen of Santa Barbara. Mrs. W. L. Crawford added to her former gifts an excellent plastron of a fossil turtle from Texas. Four fossil fish were gifts from Mrs. Walter C. Ellis. The head of a trilobite found by Mr. Quincy L. Dowd in Lombard, Illinois, and presented to the Museum, represents a larger species than is commonly found in this local area. The meteorite collection has been enlarged by the gift of a specimen of the Waraldi meteorite, presented by Mr. George W. Card of Australia. Professor Liversidge of Surrey, England, presented casts of the Bingera meteorite and Mr. Ralph Buckstaff gave a specimen of the Pitts meteorite. Mr. William J. Chalmers added 49 specimens of gems and choice crystals to the crystal collection bearing his name and also presented a number of Californian nuggets which are now in Higinbotham Hall. Mr. Wayne E. Douglas secured in southern Illinois some unusually attractive fluorites and presented them to the Museum. A group of minerals from well known collecting grounds in New England, was added to the collections by Mr. W. J. Elwell. In addition to his former gifts, Mr. F. J. Lean presented a large specimen of datolite and a number of native coppers of unusual forms. Mrs. Scott Jordan, Miss Fannye M. Neumann, Mrs. M. R. Rood and Mrs. D. N. Eisendrath have each presented collections which contain a variety of minerals. The Standard Oil Company (Indiana) has enlarged the petroleum exhibit by the addition of 86 candles. Mr. W. C. Flower filled a gap in the collection of gold and silver ores by the presentation of nine specimens from Oregon and Idaho, and a collection of ores and minerals from South Dakota was received from the Department of Immigration of that State. Through the good offices of Mr. William J. Chalmers, the Asbestos Corporation of Canada, Ltd., presented six fine specimens of Canadian asbestos. 192 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Specimens of minerals, ores and rocks, numbering 323, collected by the Captain Marshall Field Brazilian expedition of last year, reached the Museum during the year. A single topaz crystal of 90 pounds weight which is believed to be the largest topaz of gem quality in existence, was acquired by the Curator on his recent expedition to Brazil. The Museum acquired by exchange a series of 130 fossil shells col- lected in Mississippi and five minerals of exceptional quality from Nev- ada. Five individuals of the Ness Co., Kansas, meteorite were acquired by purchase. Other purchases were a specimen of troilite of terrestrial origin and a skull of the fossil Hipparion from Greece. Zoology. — A total of 26,298 specimens was added to the collections in the Department of Zoology. This includes the largest number of vertebrates received in one year in the history of the Department. The specimens are divided as follows: Mammals, 2,882; birds, 5,181; eggs and nests, 26; reptiles and amphibians, 3,848; fishes, 12,995; insects, 1,336. The majority of these were received from the Captain Marshall Field Expeditions to Peru, Chile, Honduras, and Texas, all of the expeditions being unusually productive. This is especially true in the Division of Mammals where but few purchases were made, and the gifts, although valuable, were not numerous. Of the 2,882 mammals accessioned, 2,857 were received from Museum expeditions. These were mostly from Peru, Chile, Argentina and Brazil. Two skulls of wild-killed Elephants were contributed by the Arthur B. Jones Malay Archipelago Expedition. The principal gift was that of two well prepared specimens of the Fringe-eared Oryx from East Africa, collected and presented by Mr. F. S. Colburn and Mr. A. M. Lindsay. The accessions of birds amount to a total of 5,181 specimens, of which 2,519 were purchased, 2,498 were received from Museum expeditions, and 384 were obtained by exchange. These birds are from a wide geo- graphic range, coming as they do from Peru, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Uruguay, Colombia, British Honduras, Dominican Republic, Austria, Germany, Norway, Canary Islands, Azores, New Guinea, and the United States. An important accession by purchase was the Fischer collection of German and Bavarian birds, consisting of 1,823 specimens especially well prepared and in adequate series. These formed a welcome addition to the Museum’s collections, in which Old World birds had been inadequately represented. Other purchases included 202 birds from Ecuador, 129 from Argentina, and 263 from various parts of South America which, combined with the expedition material, added man}^ REPORTS, PLATE XXXV. HALL 38. PALEONTOLOGY. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 193 species of considerable rarity and many others not at present represented in the collections. Most noteworthy among the single specimens is a fine example of the Blue Bird of Paradise from New Guinea, one of the rarest and most beautiful of its family. In the Division of Reptiles and Amphibians, the accessions for the year reach a total of 3,848 specimens, by far the most important in the history of the Museum and actually increasing the total number pre- viously possessed by nearly one-half. Of these, 403 specimens were received by gift, 510 by purchase, and 2,935 from Museum expeditions. Important gifts are 103 specimens from St. John’s college, Belize, British Honduras; 173 specimens from Wisconsin, from assistant curator Karl P. Schmidt, and his brother, F. J. W. Schmidt; 38 from Texas from Col. M. L. Crimmins; 42 from Rothschild’s Chicago Aquarium, through the courtesy of Mr. John Bichele; and 7 specimens from northern Peru from Mr. Axel Olssen of Gloversville, New York. Important purchases are 300 exotic species from W. F. H. Rosenberg; 4 specimens of the peculiar African Soft-shelled Tortoise received from Mr. Arthur Loveridge; and 174 specimens collected in South Carolina by Mr. Edward A. Hyer. The Captain Marshall Field Expedition to Honduras obtained 1,275 reptiles and amphibians; the expedition to Chile and Argentina 687 ; the expedition to Peru 97; and the expedition to Louisiana and Texas 758. Accessions of fishes were numerous and important, amounting to a total of 12,995 specimens, of which 10,342 were received from expedi- tions, 2,294 were gifts, 330 were purchased, and 29 were received in exchange. The largest single accessions were of 8,000 fishes from south- ern Texas and 2,000 from southeastern Louisiana, collected by the Captain Marshall Field expedition to those states. Some of these may prove to be new to science and many will serve to clear up disputed points in the classification of North American fishes. Other expeditions to South and Central America, although not primarily seeking fishes, secured considerable material from this territory, including new and un- described species. A collection of fishes from Marion County, Florida, was purchased and, since the locality is not one previously represented in the Museum’s collections, the specimens will have considerable value. A very fine Red Snapper and a beautiful Lake Trout, for exhibition, were purchased from Mr. W. M. Walker. These two were practically gifts, since the specimens were ordered and selected especially for the purpose, and the charge made was nominal. Gifts of fishes include the following : 700 specimens from Louisiana and the Gulf of Mexico from the Southern Biological Supply Company, through its president, Mr. Percy Viosca, Jr.; a large specimen of the Pacific Wolf Eel from the Booth Fisheries 194 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Company; a hybrid pickerel from Mr. George McNeill; and various specimens, mainly sunfishes, from Lincoln Park Aquarium, through the courtesy of Mr. F. S. Young. The management of Rothschild’s Aquar- ium has continued the practice of giving the Museum the more interest- ing of their fishes that die in the tanks. Nearly 140 specimens were received from this source. The New York State Conservation Com- mission and the Wisconsin Conservation Commission have assisted in obtaining material for a special exhibit of pikes, pickerels and muskal- onge. Two very interesting fishes were received in exchange. These were the Australian Lungfish, of which three specimens and a number of eggs were received from the Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Australia; and the Deep Sea Flounder (. Pelecanichthys crumenalis) from the U. S. National Museum. Very few specimens of this flounder ever have been taken. It differs from all other known flounders in having a very long lower jaw, which carries a pouch suggesting that of a pelican. The insects accessioned consisted of 25 lots and include 1,366 specimens. The largest and most noteworthy acquisition was the pur- chase of an authoritatively classified collection of 600 dragonflies, repre- senting 122 species from Brazil, a country from which the Museum had previously obtained but few specimens. Another desirable purchase con- sisted of 100 butterflies and 10 moths from southwestern India. Among the donations, the most valuable were 99 dragonflies from Central and South America, a gift from Mr. Jesse H. Williamson, Bluffton, Indiana; 134 butterflies and moths collected in Colorado and presented by Dr. C. E. Hellmayr ; and 178 insects of various orders from British Guiana, a gift from Dr. B. E. Dahlgren. On the Captain Marshall Field expedi- tions, 198 desirable scorpions, centipedes, spiders and insects were ob- tained from the southern United States, Central America, and South America. Accessions of skeletons include one hippopotamus and 30 other mam- mals, mostly South American, and one iguana and 2 crocodiles. EXPEDITIONS During the past year the Museum has carried on more active and successful expeditions than in any previous year of its existence. The wide geographical range of the exploration parties has meant a cor- responding increase in the number and importance of the additions to the collections. Of the twelve major expeditions in the field, seven operated in South America. The other expeditions carried on their re- search in China, the Malay Peninsula, Central America and the Gulf Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 195 Region of the United States. Important results are being obtained from the joint expedition of Field Museum and Oxford University, England, which is operating at Kish in Mesopotamia. Recent excavations have shown that the workers have actually discovered the seat of the oldest empire known to history. The personnel of nine of the expeditions have returned to take charge of the classification of the material obtained in the field. Three of the exploration parties are still at work in the field, and another was dis- patched to Central Africa late in November. Anthropology. — The Department of Anthropology had four ex- peditions in the field during the year, covering China, Mesopotamia, Malaysia and Colombia. The curator of the department, Dr. Berthold Laufer, left in April for China, the expedition being under the auspices of Captain Marshall Field. Dr. Laufer had exceptional opportunities for studying private collections of prominent Chinese at Shanghai and Peking, and specialized in the study of Chinese civilization during the Sung period, that great age of Chinese renaissance in which the traditions of antiquity were revived and the foundation was laid for a truly national art. Great efforts were made to secure representative collections of Sung pottery and painting. Of the former, 170 specimens from kilns of both southern and northern China were obtained, including all types and glazes, among these 6 Chun yao, 25 Ting yao, 44 Temmoku, and 13 Celadons, many being of great beauty and rarity. Three bits, a Kuan yao, a Ju yao, and a Ko yao, belong to the earliest products of Sung porcelain and are extremely rare. A large portion of this pottery was excavated in recent years on the site of the city Kii-lu in the southern part of the province of Chili, which was sub- merged by a flood in a.d. 1108. All this pottery must have been made prior to that date and therefore can be safely placed as to period. Aside from its artistic value it will serve to illustrate many interesting features of Chinese daily life in a mediaeval community. From the same locality were obtained four carved wooden panels and a number of engraved wooden stamps or blocks for printing designs on textiles, which belong to the oldest printing-blocks in the history of this industry. Twenty-three paintings, half of this number from the Sung period, were obtained, all of superior quality and interest in subject matter. Five remarkable silk-woven tapestries, one of the Ming dynasty and four of the K‘ien- lung period (1736-95), were secured, also silk brocades and cut velvets of this latter period. Extensive collections were made of artistic bas- kets (75) covering all localities of central and southern China where 196 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. basketry is made; 84 pieces of old lacquer ware of the Ming, K‘ang-hi and K‘ien-lung periods, carved or painted with landscapes and designs in colors or gold, or inlaid with scenes in mother-of-pearl. Ancient glass, bone and ivory carvings, bamboo and wood carvings, weapons, fans, musical instruments, tobacco and smoking utensils were also obtained. Specimens were secured of ancient silver together with a remarkable cast figure of a water-buffalo. Many additions were made to the present collection of jade, the new acquisitions amounting to 185 specimens. Ceremonial knives and ornamented disks of enormous size, three unusually large tubes symbolizing the deity Earth, and a comprehensive assortment of jade and other stone imple- ments are deserving of particular mention. A red-lacquered and elabo- rately carved bridal chair or palanquin, in which the bride, on the day of marriage, is escorted into the bridegroom’s house; a large dragon-boat of the same character, which is carried in religious processions, at the annual dragon-boat festival; and an imposing red and gold lac- quered bed, adorned with beautiful wood carvings in relief and open- work, of the K‘ien-lung period, will make striking objects for exhibition. The curator made it a special point to gather relics of the Manchu dynasty and secured five exceedingly fine imperial costumes of the eighteenth century, of silk tapestry or silk embroidery, elaborate head- dresses of princes and princesses, a complete set of the silk girdles with white jade clasps conferred by the emperor on the princes of the imperial house, six bamboo shades with pictures formed by strips of silk wTrapped around the fine bamboo rods and exclusively made for the palace, the dress of a lady of the Manchu aristocracy with the peculiar high coiffure complete with all jewelry, the armor of a Manchu general from the K‘ang-hi period (1662-1722), a complete series of the bows used by the Manchu in military examinations for testing the strength of candidates, and fans used in court ceremonies and other objects. After a thorough study of the stage and drama in Peking, fourteen actors’ costumes were selected, which will be added to the Hall of Oriental Theatricals. These are the five national heroes, Kwan-ti, Chang Fei, Chu-ko Liang, Liu Pei, and Chao Yun, accompanied by four soldiers; Ma-ku, a benign goddess of blessing; Yang Kwei-fei, a famed court-lady of the T‘ang dynasty; an amazon or military heroine; and two very popular figures, an official and his wife from the drama “The Meeting- in the Mulberry Garden.” All these costumes are complete with head- dresses, coiffures and all of the paraphernalia pertaining to them. It is estimated that the new acquisitions, which number over 2,000, not in- cluding the theatrical accessions, will require about 33 exhibition-cases. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 197 As a result of his researches, the curator is planning a publication on China’s civilization in the age of the Sung, which will analyze all de- partments of art which flourished at that time, including novel contri- butions to the history of Sung pottery. Reports received during the year from Professor S. Langdon indicate that the joint expedition of Oxford University and Field Museum in Mesopotamia has made good progress in the work of excavation. Mr. E. Mackay, field director, has unearthed the south-east side of the temenos platform on which stood the temple of the prehistoric war-god, Ilbaba, and the goddess of war, Innini or Ishtar. This temple was known as Emeteursag, and beside it on the platform stood the lofty tower in seven stages known as “House of Admiration, the Far-famed Abode.” It was hitherto a controversial point whether these lofty ruins which rise out of the plains east of Babylon really represent the site of Kish, the seat of the oldest Sumerian and Semitic rulers. The excavator has fortunately found a stamped brick of Samsuiluna, seventh king of the first dynasty of Babylon (2080-43 b.c.), the inscription on which settles the question definitely and proves that the expedition has actually come upon the lofty stage tower of the capital of the oldest kings and seat of the first empire known to history. Now that the temple of the war-god of ancient Sumer and Akkad has been definitely located, the excavators are rapidly advancing toward the inner temple, where they hope to come upon the temple library. In May, just before the in- tense heat compelled the cessation of the work, Mr. Mackay found walls built of plano-convex bricks, a positive indication of the oldest Sumerian period. Down to about 2900 b.c. the masons invariably laid their walls with this type of brick, which is not made in moulds, but is fash- ioned by hand on a flat surface, the top being left convex, and each side bearing two of the mason’s finger prints. Near these older walls was found black incised pottery inlaid with white designs. This method of decorating pottery by incrustation seems to have been a Sumerian in- vention, and provided a substitute for painted designs. A remarkable discovery was made in the tower mentioned above. The original height of the tower cannot have been less than 180 feet, and its four sides measured over 200 feet. The first stage of the tower, which is one of the best preserved of ancient Babylonia, has rows of chambers connected by a corridor. Beneath the pavements of some of these chambers were found inscribed tablets. This is the first known discovery of a series of chambers within a stage tower. Beneath the ruins of a still larger and apparently more ancient mound, Ingharra, two miles east of Oheimer, lie supposedly the palaces of the early kings of Kish, who ruled all of 198 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Sumer and Akkad at various periods from 5000-2872 b.c. Excavations at Ingharra were begun September 15th in connection with those now in progress at Oheimer. The oldest temple ever discovered in Meso- potamia was found on this occasion. Professor S. Langdon left Oxford on December 13th to take personal charge of the expedition. The results of the work of the Arthur B. Jones expedition to Malaysia were reported last year with reference to the Federated Malay States. At the close of 1922, Dr. Cole, in charge of the expedition, transferred his activities to Central Sumatra to study the Menangkabau of the Padang Highlands. These people, the most advanced of all the Malay tribes, usually live in small villages, the members of which are of the same family or clan. Since the maternal family is the unit of government, it owns the land and controls mar- riage. The villages are surrounded by terraced fields in which rice, manihot and tobacco are grown, and extensive gardens maintained, while each settlement raises a considerable number of cinnamon trees. While agriculture is the chief occupation, the men are expert wood carvers, silver and gold smiths, and metal workers; the women weave and embroider in gold and silver thread. Careful studies of the social and economic life were carried on, and a collection of about 800 objects gathered, emphasis being laid on wood carving and textiles woven in gold and silver thread. The complete outfit of a bride and groom was secured, and a miniature village was constructed to scale. The Toba Batak of north central Sumatra were next visited, and a collection of more than 400 articles was obtained to illustrate that unique culture. These people, who are just emerging from cannibalism, have a highly developed ceremonial life, which centers in the rites of the magicians. Around these powerful individuals has been developed a cult distin- guished by the use of elaborately carved magical staffs, carved heads for the house fronts, a series of magical figures, and by many books of secret formulae. The metal work of this tribe is also of high excellence and their weaving is of good quality. The collection contains examples of their industries, together with the complete front of a carved house. The island of Nias was visited, and considerable material gathered, which represents its fast vanishing culture. While in Java, the expedition secured 450 specimens of Javanese work- manship to supplement the collection now on exhibition in the Museum. These specimens consist chiefly of metal work, weapons of former times, jewelry, and batik work. Finally, a scouting trip was made into the center of Borneo. Starting from Bandjermassin in southern Borneo, the expedition proceeded up the Barito river to a point just south of the FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 199 equator and then struck inland on foot into the country of the Siang Dyak. This tribe does not possess the rich culture found in northern Borneo, but nevertheless a very interesting collection of 200 objects was obtained. Of chief interest is a memorial pole, carved to represent a powerful chief who died some years ago. At the time of its erection a number of captives were sacrificed, and each year since then a human or animal sacrifice has been held in its honor. The collections from the Dutch Indies total more than 2,000 objects. Measurements were made on about 200 individuals; while about 500 photographs illustrate the regions visited. The work of the Captain Marshall Field Expedition to Colombia reported last year was continued by Assistant Curator Mason from Janu- ary until July 10th of this year. The investigator’s attention was divided between archeological and ethnological research. He spent some time exploring the Sierra Nevada region, but the ancient city of Pocihueica supposed to be located there could not be discovered. He made also some ethnological and linguistic studies among the Arhuacos and Goajiros. The result of this year’s work is represented by a collec- tion of 822 specimens, which, with the number of 2,851 obtained last year, yield a total of 3,673. The archeological collection differs only in details from that reported in 1922. Stone axe-heads, small pottery ves- sels, fragments of relief from pottery vessels and carnelian beads are prominent. Special mention may be made of some fine black pottery vessels, an extraordinary black pottery whistle, a few small pendants and similar fine small stone objects, a number of objects of banded red- dish stone carved in the shape of spiral shells, several necklaces of un- usually fine beads, and a double ivory axe-head covered with gold mosaic, the two latter groups secured from the Goajiro Indians. The collection of Arhuaco ethnology is a small one and was secured with great difficulty, as the villages were practically inaccessible and mostly deserted, and the few natives disinclined to sell. Nevertheless, most of the native in- dustries, implements and ornaments are represented, except for their woven cloths and garments. The largest group of specimens obtained is the collection of knitted bags or mochilas. Those bags which bear geometric designs in color are the most striking for display pur- poses and art study. The large Goajiro collection was secured in a few days, as the Indian camps are but a short distance from Riohacha and the natives semi-civilized and eager to sell their objects. This col- lection contains practically all objects made and used by these Indians, except the more esoteric religious and ceremonial objects which, as in the case of the Arhuaco, cannot be secured on short acquaintance. The 200 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. largest group of objects is comprised of woven belts or fajas, arrows, necklaces of beads made from black coconut shell, bags of knitted maguey-fiber or cotton, pottery vessels, and small vessels of calabash. Especial mention should be made of the necklaces of fine ancient beads. Wherever traces of ancient occupation were found, notes of everything of importance were taken, but, except for the work at Teran, the first week of the year, little of interest was seen. A total of 383 negatives of archeological sites and other views were taken, also 50 phonographic records of Indian music and songs. Botany. — During the year the Captain Marshall Field botanical expedition to Peru, commenced in 1922, was continued by assistant curator J. F. Macbride and Dr. George S. Bryan of the University of Wisconsin. The latter sailed from New York February 22nd and was joined at Panama by Mr. Macbride, who, having sailed from New Or- leans February 14th, had spent the interim collecting in the Canal Zone. He obtained there 250 species, mostly in triplicate, including various interesting plant products of the Panama Republic. The work performed by the expedition was definitely divided; Dr. Bryan devoted his entire attention to photography and the non- flowering plants, mosses, lichens, liverworts and fungi, while Mr. Mac- bride secured the flowering groups. The collectors co-operated in obtain- ing the ferns. Lima, Peru, was reached March 6th, where the collectors were entertained by the physician-botanist, Dr. A. Aspiazu. Preparations for the work in the interior were completed by the nth, on which date actual collecting began at Chosica in the Andean foothills, an hour’s train ride from Lima. As the heavier camp and botanical equipment had been stored at Huanuco, the base for last year’s operations, the expedition proceeded to this town which lies 60 miles down the Huallaga River from Cerro de Pasco. Huanuco was reached April 5 with about 400 numbers col- lected, stops having been made en route at various altitudes from 8,000 to 15,500 feet. These stops included the railroad stations of Matucana and Rio Blanco, on the coastal slope of the western Andes, and the Inter- Andean railroad terminals, La Oroya and Cerro de Pasco. At these two mining towns many courtesies were received from the officials of the Cerro de Pasco Copper Corporation, notably Mr. Colley, Mr. Miles Morgan and Mr. R. C. Philpott. The journey by pack-train from Cerro de Pasco was broken by short stops for collecting at La Quinua, Huariaca, Ambo and Huanuco. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 201 Mito and Cani, villages about 1 5 miles west of Huanuco, were next visited where some 300 numbers were collected, after which work was resumed at the base, Huanuco, and preparations made for a trip about 100 miles east, by trail, to Pozuzo situated at an altitude of 2,200 feet. This journey took the expedition across the eastern Cordillera moun- tains at an altitude of about 1 2,000 feet. Collections, totaling over 1 , 500 numbers of flowering and 500 non-flowering plants, were secured at twelve localities, the most important camps having been made at Piedra Grande, Muna, Tambo de Vaca and Cushi. These localities are in tropi- cal upper Amazonian country, which, with its mile-deep river canyons, offers much variety in vegetation. At Pozuzo the expedition was greatly indebted to the hospitality of Sr. Ismael Ballisteros. The collectors, accompanied by their three Peruvian helpers with 12 cargo beasts, returned to Huanuco from Pozuzo on foot, reaching the base town July 10. There saddle horses were obtained, the party leaving July 15 for the Japanese hacienda Pampayacu which is located at the mouth of the Rio Chinchao about four days’ trip below Huanuco. Collection en route was especially aided by the hospitality of Sr. E. Mala- testa at his hacienda Villcabamba. Through the courtesy of Mr. M. Sawa- da of Huanuco and his manager at Pampayacu, Mr. S. Kusumara, several days were spent in work at Pampayacu, which resulted in large collections. On August 6 the collectors were again in Huanuco and prepared for the return journey to the coast. At La Oroya, however, a side trip was made to La Merced, 60 miles farther in the interior, for the purpose of comparing the tropical vegetation there with that which had been studied at the more northern regions about Pozuzo and Chinchao. As Dr. Bryan had to resume his University work, he left on August 13, and after some collecting of marine algae near Lima sailed for New York August 29. Mr. Macbride continued the work at La Merced until Sep- tember 7, securing over 500 numbers. He was very hospitably entertained by a local naturalist, Sr. Carlos Schunke, who also aided him greatly in his work. Upon his return to La Oroya September 8, a hurried trip was made by rail to Huancayo where some interesting economic material, such as native foods, fibers and medicines, was obtained at the great fall market. Some days (September 13-25) were spent collecting in the hills about Lima, where he was kindly assisted by Dr. A. Weberbauer, the distinguished botanist. The expedition secured in all 4,250 numbers, or about 11,000 speci- mens, of which about 750 numbers are Cryptogamic. The latter, gathered by Dr. Bryan, probably constitute the largest single collec- tion of non-flowering plants ever made in South America. 20 2 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Geology. — Under the auspices of the Capt. Marshall Field Fund a second expedition to Brazil for the purpose of collecting gem, mineral and ore specimens was made by the Curator. Exploration on this trip was carried on chiefly in the state of Bahia. It was deemed especially desirable to visit a region about the head- waters of the Paraguassu river, where besides ordinary diamonds, prac- tically all the black diamonds or carbonados used in various industries are obtained. This district can ordinarily be reached directly from the city of Bahia by means of a few days travel by rail, steamer and mule, but on arriving at Bahia, it was learned that a serious epidemic of fever in the diamondiferous region made it inadvisable to visit it at that time. Accordingly a much more circuitous course was taken which enabled much of the region to be seen without passing through the infected district. At the city of Bahia, collections of typical rocks and minerals of the region were made, and from the State Exposition in progress at the time specimens of various ores and minerals obtained. Journey was then made by rail to Joazeiro, on the San Francisco river, manganese and chromium ores being collected on the way. The San Francisco was then ascended to Chique-Chique, a city located on the western border of the Chapada Diamantina or diamond- bearing district. By crossing this district in a south-easterly direction it was possible to traverse a large area where minerals are obtained at various points. Travel in this region is confined to walking or mule riding and as the latter method seemed preferable, at Chique-Chique an outfit of nine mules with drivers and supplies was secured. At Chique-Chique a number of good specimens of commercial rock crystal and other minerals were collected. San Ignacio was the next of the important producing districts visited. Here the first of the diamond-bearing conglomerates were seen and a number of specimens collected. At Gentio a well-known auriferous area was crossed and a number of samples taken. Subsequent to this an extensive limestone area was traversed which yielded little in the way of minerals but at the hamlet of Mulungu in this area a hitherto unknown deposit of fossil bones of an extinct giant ground-sloth and of other extinct animals was found. Though the expedition was not equipped for transporting large quantities of this material, a well preserved pelvis, a portion of a skull with teeth and some leg bones were successfully collected and transported. At the eastern edge of the Chapada Diaman- tina two important diamond-bearing localities, Palmeiras and Mucuji, were visited and good specimens of the various kinds of diamonds and Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 203 the accompanying minerals occurring there were obtained. These specimens included ordinary diamonds, carbonados, a Balas diamond and typical, associated minerals. Journey was then made southward through the mining regions of Rio das Contas to Bom Jesus dos Meiras where some recently opened mines of emerald, topaz and other minerals were visited and valuable specimens, many of which were of gem quality, were obtained. The advent of the rainy season making it unadvisable to go farther into the interior, return was made to Bahia. While it is not possible as yet to fully tabulate the results of the trip, several hundred gem and mineral specimens were collected, besides ores and many specimens illustrating other geological features. Some zoological and botanical specimens were also collected. Several hundred photographs were made in the regions visited, some of the localities photographed being little if any known to science. The distance travelled on mule-back was about 700 miles and the time occupied three and a half months. The Curator was accompanied throughout the trip by Mr. E. Jacy Monteiro, an engineer of Rio de Janeiro, who rendered valuable service. Many courtesies and helpful cooperation were received from various residents of the regions visited, special acknowledgements being due to Coronel Manoel Alcantara de Carvalho of Gamaleiras, Coronel Agrario de Magalhaes Avelino of Chique-Chique, Coronel Jose Alvez of Palm- eiras and Mr. Frederick E. Johnson of the Central Brazil Presbyterian Mission. Previous to the Bahian trip the Curator spent some time in Rio de Janeiro in order to obtain information and make needed preparations. During this period he carried on negotiations which resulted in secur- ing for the Museum what is believed to be the largest specimen of gem topaz ever found. This is a single crystal weighing 90 lbs., which is practically all of gem quality. An entire meteorite from a previously unrepresented Brazilian locality was also obtained. This meteorite is a complete iron individual. Valuable specimens of Brazilian gems of un- usually large size and high quality were also obtained. These included an aquamarine of 180 carats, a large amethyst cameo, a bracelet of Bra- zilian tourmalines, a large rubellite and a blue topaz of 35 carats weight. Various Government and other officials as well as private individuals rendered generous assistance during this period, especial mention being due to Dr. Antonio Olyntho dos Santos Pires, Chief of the Brazilian Exposition, Drs. Horace E. Williams and Jorge B. de Araujo Ferraz of the Servico Geologico of Brazil, Dr. John H. Janney of the International Health Board and Mr. Wm. G. Homeyer of Kodak Brasiliera, Ltd. 204 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol, VI. The Captain Marshall Field Expedition for Vertebrate Paleontology, with Associate Curator E. S. Riggs and Preparators G. F. Sternberg and J. B. Abbott, as chief personnel, has remained in Argentina through- out the year. Owing to the fact that Patagonia was probably during Cenozoic time an isolated continent, upon which a system of mammalian life which was quite distinct from that of the Northern Hemisphere flour- ished, and since the Museum has hitherto had only a small and frag- mentary series from a single period of this area, the party devoted itself chiefly to making as complete collections as possible of the fossil mam- mals of Patagonia. Work was begun in the southern extremity of that country, near the Port of Rio Gallegos, since in the Santa Cruzean formation there the extinct fauna was best known and specimens could be most readily obtained. Beginning with the first days of January, active collecting was carried on during the remainder of the southern summer. The shores of bays and inlets and the exposed sea-wall of the Atlantic proved to be the most fertile collecting grounds, and considerable material was obtained until the approach of winter and first falls of snow in May, made it advisable to find winter quarters. In search of more favorable conditions there- fore the party moved northward. In late summer however, a single digression was made in order to investigate a half-authentic report of a fossil “Tertiary man” and to visit an alleged “buried city.” The former was found to be a concretion, and the latter a lava dike. The journey northward was undertaken by motor car, a geological reconnoissance being made en route from Santa Cruz to Commodoro Rivadavia. At the latter port, heavy snows, followed by rains and im- passable roads, arrested the progress of the expedition, at the middle of June. A winter camp was then established. Collectors Sternberg and Abbott carried on such work as weather permitted, while Associate Curator Riggs proceeded to Buenos Aires to arrange certain formalities preparatory to shipping the collections previously made. The latter task required securing permission from an Argentina National Commis- sion of Museum Directors. Repeated conferences were held with the members of the Commission, the collection was transported to the Museo de La Plata, and a large part of it unpacked, unwrapped, displayed, inspected, re-wrapped, re-packed and stored. After two months of such labors, and the seizure of such specimens as were recognized by the Com- mission as new to science, the necessary permit was granted. The collec- tion from the Santa Cruz formation, consisting of 43 boxes of fossils was thus freed, and in December was shipped to the Museum. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. # INDICATES LOCALITIES FRO I'M"1 REPORTS, PLATE XXXVII, Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 20; The second field problem undertaken by the expedition was to find fossil-bearing localities in, and make collections from, the geological formation designated as the Deseado. While stormy weather and impassable roads blocked for a time re- peated efforts of the collectors to move from winter quarters or to resume active work, late in August a region of high, snowy pampa lying to the northwest of Commodoro Rivadavia was successfully traversed and a camp was established on the Rio Chico of Chubut. Fossil-collecting was there resumed. During the period of enforced hibernation, some collections of fossil cetaceans, fossil invertebrates, and of recent birds and mammals, were made. A movement toward Lago Coluhe Huapi was arrested by recurring snows and heavy rains, and the party detained until the end of October. During that period a wide area to the westward of the Rio Chico was explored by means of horse transportation, this method having been heretofore impossible because of a shortage of feed. However, in a wide expanse of Tertiary hills in this area no fossil-bearing localities were discovered. In November the party moved by motor toward the region of Lakes Munsters and Coluhe Huapi. Collections were made from various lo- calities of the Deseado formation about the lakes and along the Rio Senger. The occurrence of dinosaurian fossils was noted, but it was not deemed advisable to collect these ponderous specimens from localities so far from the Museum. The San Bernardo Range (of hills) was recon- noitered in quest of new fossil-bearing localities and the complex geology of the region noted. The year ended with a movement to the north and west from Colonia Sarmiento. The results attained during the year may be enumerated as follows : From the Santa Cruzean and adjacent formations, to westward and northward of the Port of Rio Gallegos, a collection of 262 specimens of fossil mammals, 4 specimens of fossil birds, and 64 specimens of fossil shells, was made. A few lithological and archeological specimens, as well as a limited number of recent mammals, were also collected there. The occurrence of Sauropod Dinosaurs, comparable to those of the Northern Hemisphere, in the vicinity of Lake Cardiel, Territory of Santa Cruz, was determined. In the vicinity of Rio Gallegos and Rio Coyle, fifty negatives of geological and general interest, and nine rolls of cinema film were made. 2q6 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. One fossil cetacean and 65 fossil invertebrates were collected from the Patagonian Beds near Commodoro Rivadavia, and eighteen nega- tives were made showing the geological features and the petroleum fields near the port. From the Deseado formation at various localities, 54 specimens of fossil mammals, one of fossil bird, four of fossil fish, and 37 of fossil invertebrates, and from the Cretaceous formation, one specimen of fossil reptile, were collected. Of recent animals there were collected five mammal skeletons, 7 mammal skulls, 18 mammals in formalin, 9 lizards in formalin, 21 marine invertebrates, 20 prepared bird skins, 2 rhea nests with eggs, and 1 martinet nest of eggs. Of archeological specimens, 64 finished Indian celts, 48 rough celts and scrapers, and 1 1 boladores, martels and axes were collected and of botanical specimens 450 pressed plants and 7 dried shrubs. Zoology. — Five zoological expeditions of major importance were in the field during the year. Two of these were continuing work begun in 1922, two were completed in 1923, and one was organized and started late in December. At the beginning of the year, the Captain Marshall Field Peruvian Expedition was still engaged in collecting specimens native to central Peru. The expedition was divided into two groups, one, consisting of assistant curator Heller and Mrs. Heller, collected mammals, while assis- tant curator Zimmer devoted his time to the collection of birds. Using the towns of Huanuco and Ambo as bases, the expedition worked twenty localities along the Huallaga and Maranon valleys, differing in altitude from 4,000 to 14,000 feet. Shortly after the first of the year, Mr. Zimmer proceeded over the Andean mountains to the valley of the Chanchamayo River where additional material was collected. Leaving this valley, he proceeded by trail to Puerto Bermudez, the final collecting station. Starting on the Pichis River, Mr. Zimmer then worked toward the coast, making a few collections en route, touching also at the towns of Manaos and Par d, on the lower stretches of the Amazon. Meanwhile, Mr. and Mrs. Heller after having worked down the Huallaga to Tingo Maria, returned to Huanuco and crossed by the difficult trail from Huanuco to Pozuzo, where extensive additions were made to the collections. They worked down the Pachitea River to the Ucayali and continued to Iquitos whence they took steamer down the Amazon. At Para, near the mouth Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 207 of the Amazon, another stop was made and a number of important speci- mens were purchased. Here, also, additions were made to a collection of live animals which the expedition brought to Chicago for the Lincoln Park Zoo. The specimens of mammals and birds obtained by the Peruvian ex- pedition amount to a total of 3,500, forming one of the largest collections of vertebrates ever brought out of the Andean region. Careful study of the mammals has not yet been possible, but it is evident the collection contains various new species and others exceedingly rare. Many species of monkeys, usually difficult to secure, were obtained in large numbers. Among them are several specimens of two species of the Ouakaris or Bald-faced Monkeys, and one of the Imperial Marmoset, a very rare species characterized by a long flowing “moustache” of very suggestive appearance. The habitat was discovered of the large spotted rodent called Rucupi, a species of the genus Dinomys , only genus of the family Dinomyidae, and known mainly from a few scattered specimens in European museums. A series of sixteen skulls of this animal was obtained, together with seven skins and one living animal which was successfully transported to Chicago where it is now living in good health in the Lincoln Park Zoo, the first of its kind ever to enter the United States alive. The birds obtained by the expedition number some 400 species and subspecies, mostly new to the Museum’s collections and including some rare forms not previously represented in any American museum, be- sides others quite new to science. Descriptions of ten of the new forms have been made for future publication. The collection is especially rich in humming birds, of which not less than thirty forms were obtained. The Captain Marshall Field Expedition to Chile and Argentina was well under way at the beginning of the year, having started from Chi- cago in November, 1922. As noted in the last annual report, this expedi- tion was in charge of the Curator of Zoology who was accompanied by Mr. C. C. Sanborn of the Division of Birds and Mr. Boardman Conover, volunteer associate. Through the courtesy of Dr. E. Moore, Director of the National Museum of Chile, the taxidermist of this museum, Sr. Luis Moreira, was granted leave of absence to enter the employ of the expedition for a period of three months. Valuable advice and assistance to the expedition were rendered also by Dr. Carlos Porter of the same institution, and by Mr. Alfred Houston of the Braden Copper Company. For many courtesies and privileges, special acknowledgment is due the officers and employees of the Compania Industrial del Ay sen. Work was begun on the island of Chiloe, on the well watered and heavily 208 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. forested coast of south central Chile. Later, the party divided and various points in southern Chile were visited. An important trip was made southward through the Guaiteca Islands to the mouth of the Rio Ay sen and thence inland across the mountains to the edge of the Pata- gonian pampas, near the Chile-Argentina boundary in about S. Lat. 450 50'. Returning northward, various points in central Chile were worked, and in Santiago some days were spent in studying the collections of the National Museum of Chile, especially in making careful notes on the important types of mammals preserved there. Late in May, Dr. Os- good and Mr. Conover passed on to Argentina via the Transandine Rail- road, leaving Mr. Sanborn to continue working northward in Chile. In Argentina, a series of short but very effective trips were made in the provinces of Mendoza, Buenos Aires, Tucuman, Jujuy, and Missiones, after which return to the United States was made in the month of Aug- ust with brief stops in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. At the end of the year, Mr. Sanborn was still working in northern Chile, having passed successively from the province of Valparaiso to Coquimbo, Copiapo and Antofogasta. This took him into the desert region of northern Chile where conditions are unfavorable for collecting specimens in large quantities, but where the few that can be obtained are of very great interest and value. He passed from one isolated oasis to another, in each case making practically complete collections of all the vertebrates, mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians. The results of this expedition are too numerous and varied to be mentioned in detail. The number of specimens collected approximates 3,000, equally divided among mammals, birds and cold-blooded verte- brates. Not only most of the species but most of the genera and not a few of the families represented are new to the Museum’s collections, and they bring to the United States a basis for study and understanding of the whole fauna of the southern half of South America. The continued work in Chile from the deserts of the north to the forests of the south, and from the coast to the crest of the Andes has produced a collection of the animals of this country which is doubtless the most comprehensive in existence. Much desirable material for exhibition also was obtained, including nearly all the larger animals of Chile. Among interesting mammals are the tiny deer known as the Pudu, the large mountain deer called Huemul, the wild llama or Guanaco, the fur-bearing rodent Coypu or Nutria, the rare and beautiful Chinchilla, and the small blind armadillo called Pichiciego. The birds collected include the Black-necked Swan, the Andean Flamingo, the flightless Steamer Duck, the Torrent Duck, the Penguin, and many species of smaller size, among 209 Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. which are a number which preliminary study shows are new to science. The Captain Marshall Field Expedition to British Honduras and Honduras engaged the time of assistant curator Schmidt and taxidermist Walters from January 18th to June 2nd. The expedition sailed from New Orleans, landing at Belize on January 23rd. Five weeks were spent in British Honduras, principally at Belize and at the United Fruit Com- pany plantation at Middlesex. At Belize, a small crocodile was secured which proves to be a “lost” species not collected during the past fifty years. As this crocodile is strikingly different from the common Ameri- can crocodile, the Museum is fortunate in having not only the specimens but a plaster mold from which a celluloid model has been prepared by Mr. Walters. From Belize, the party sailed via schooner to Puerto Cortes, Honduras. In Honduras, the principal base of operations was San Pedro in the valley of Ulua and Chamclecon Rivers. The ranch of Mr. M. S. Miles, at the foot of the Espiritu Santo Mountains offered many facilities for work on plaster molds. The field work of the expedi- tion was further facilitated by the hospitality of Mr. Miles, as well as by the advice of Dr. S. M. Waller of San Pedro. The principal collections in Honduras were made in the tropical lowland at San Pedro and at Lake Ticamaya, east of San Pedro; on the Espiritu Santo Mountains, west of San Pedro at altitudes above 4,500 feet, in a hardwood cloud- forest ; and in the course of a rapid transcontinental survey from Puerto Cortes via Lake Yojoa, Siguatcpequc, and Tegucigalpa to San Lorenzo on the Gulf of Fonseca. Complete data and collections for a habitat group of the American Crocodile were secured at Lake Ticamaya, including plaster molds of crocodiles varying in size from four to eleven feet in length. These molds will be used later for reproduction in celluloid. The transportation of these large plaster molds was solved by con- structing special packing boxes and lashing the molds to an inside frame- work. The fifty-two molds secured by the expedition reached the Museum without breakage. A collection of tree-climbing salamanders, living almost entirely in the air-plants which cover the trees, together with three new species of tree frogs, was made in the mountain cloud- forest. One of the tree frogs is especially noteworthy as it breeds in the water contained in the leaf-whorls of the bromeliaeeous air-plants. The collections secured at Lake Yojoa, Siguatepeque, and Tegucigalpa brought out the strong contrast between the faunas found along the Pacific side of Central America and those established along the Carib- bean sea. The total collections of the expedition number 1,275 speci- mens of amphibians and reptiles, 250 fishes, 50 bird-skins and 50 mammals. 210 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. The Captain Marshall Field Expedition to Louisiana and Texas was conducted by assistant curator Weed during July, August and Septem- ber. The first half of the time was spent in southeastern Louisiana, a region which has been very largely neglected by students of cold-blooded vertebrates. Owing to natural conditions, this region is inhabited by a very large number of species, perhaps the largest number in any region of similar size in North America. Unexpectedly heavy rain through the lower Mississippi valley made fish collecting difficult but helped mate- rially in the collecting of frogs and toads. Much assistance was rendered the expedition by Mr. Percy Viosca, Jr., of New Orleans, who has a very intimate knowledge of the country explored. In Texas, the region north and west of Brownsville was studied and a large number of fishes repre- senting most of the fresh- water species of the region were collected. The work in this region was materially aided by the cooperation of Mr. R. D. Camp of Brownsville. The results furnish a basis for much additional knowledge concerning the distribution and relationship of the fishes of the lower Mississippi valley. The specimens collected number 10,000 fishes and 750 reptiles and amphibians. The final expedition of the year had Central Africa as its field and was despatched late in November. This expedition was organ- ized under the auspices of Captain Marshall Field and Mr. Alfred M. Collins of Philadelphia, a Patron of the Museum. The party con- sisted of Mr. Collins, assistant curator Heller of the Museum, and Mr. T. Alexander Barns of London. They sailed from England December 5th for the port of Dar-es-Salaam on the east coast of Africa. They plan to push inland at once and work in little known parts of eastern Congo, making general zoological collections and passing northward to return via the Nile during the year 1924. The expedition will attempt to secure specimens of some of the rarer mammals of Central Africa, such as the White Rhino, the Okapi, the Bongo, the Giant Eland, and the Gorilla, any one of which would be of great value to the Museum in supplement- ing its present collections which are almost wholly from Somaliland and East Africa. The following list indicates the various expeditions in the field during the year. Locality Collector Material China Berthold Laufer Ethnological Collections Archaeological Collections Mesopotamia S. H. Langdon Archaeological Collections. Colombia J. Alden Mason Archaeological Collections. Malaysia Fay-Cooper Cole Ethnological Collections. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, REPORTS, PLATE XXXVIII, COMMON AND WHITE GYRFALCONS TAXIDERMY BY ASHLEY HINE. One eighth natural size. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 211 Peru J. F. MacBride and Dr. George S. Bryan Brazil O. C. Farrington Patagonia Elmer S. Riggs J. F. Abbott and G. F. Sternberg Chile, Argentine, and Brazil W. H. Osgood Boardman Conover Peru and Brazil . . . Edmund Heller Mrs. Heller Chile C. C. Sanborn Peru and Brazil . . . John T. Zimmer Honduras and British Honduras . . K. P. Schmidt L. L. Walters Louisiana and Texas . A. C. Weed Central Africa .... Edmund Heller A. M. Collins T. A. Barns Herbarium and Economic Speci- mens. Gems, Ores and Minerals. Paleontological Specimens. Mammals and Birds. Mammals. Mammals, Birds and Reptiles. Birds. Reptiles and Batrachians. Fishes and Batrachians. Mammals. INSTALLATION, RE-ARRANGEMENT AND PERMANENT IMPROVEMENT Anthropology. — Seventy-one new cases were installed during the year in the Department of Anthropology. Shortly before Christmas 1922, it was decided to open the Egyptian Hall to the public on January 20th. This left four weeks in which to complete the necessary work, placed in charge of Assistant Curator Owen. The nine standard cases previously brought from Ayer Hall required merely readjustment of the material, as displayed upon the shelves, but the 17 special cases containing mummies, in consequence of the plan to enlarge this exhibit, required a regrouping and expansion of the number of mummies into 22 cases. This necessitated the re-installation of 18 of the cases in the mummy group. Eight frames containing papyri and 39 framed mortuary textiles were placed upon the north wall of the hall, as well as 4 large frames containing complete mummy wrappings. A large case of limestone coffin covers was installed in the center of the hall. In the recesses of six pilasters were displayed 13 Mohammedan balcony gratings and colored-glass windows from old houses in Cairo. Two cases of plaster casts of rare portrait statuary, the originals of which are scattered in a number of museums of the Old World, were placed in the recesses of its two pilasters. The mortuary boat of Sesostris III, found in the sands near his pyramid at Dashur by de Mor- gan in 1 894, was re-assembled and placed in a special case. The figures of 212 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. four Sekhmets or Lion Goddesses were placed in the west end of the hall. This work accomplished, the hall was opened to the public, in conjunc- tion with the Hall of Oriental Theatricals. Later, three standard cases containing amulets, jewelry, and articles for the toilet, Ushebti figures, glazed and glass ware, tools and weapons and one case of ancient Egyp- tian weights and Coptic objects of bronze and iron were installed. A case of mummied birds and small mammals, wooden coffin covers and tomb furniture was likewise placed on exhibition. The cut leather corse- let of an Egyptian priest is shown in a small case especially built for it. Two Roman wine jars have been installed upon marble bases in the northeast and northwest comers of Stanley Field Hall. The two Roman mills from Bosco Reale, exhibited in Edward E. Ayer Hall, were transferred to a smaller case. Case 23, Stanley Field Hall, containing Indian blankets, was re-installed. In its new organization it is entirely given over to Navaho blankets, all of which were presented by Homer E. Sargent. The collection of 190 pewter objects presented by Mr. Ayer last January was labeled and installed by the curator in four square cases and two 6-foot wall cases placed in Ayer Hall, the installation of which is thereby completed. Thirty-seven cases of North American ethnology (Plains, Plateau and Salish tribes) have been installed and placed on exhibition this year by Assistant Curator Linton. This completes the re-installation of Hall 5 and one-half of Hall 4. At the present time Hall 4 contains collections from nearly twenty tribes living in three distinct culture-areas and also the archeological material obtained from the Hopewell group of mounds. In the re-organization planned, the northwest quarter of the hall will be devoted to the Cree, Interior Salish, and other tribes of the Canadian Northwest. The northeastern quarter will be devoted to the Salish tribes of the north Pacific coast, whose culture represents a simple and attenuated form of the Northwest Coast culture illustrated in the eastern end of Hall 3. The southwestern quarter of the hall will be devoted to the eastern woodlands with small exhibits from the southeastern tribes and Iroquois and more extensive exhibits from the Central Algonquian tribes, especially the Sauk and Fox. These collec- tions will illustrate the arts and industries of the semi-sedentary agri- cultural tribes who occupied the state of Illinois at the time of the colonization. Special stress will be laid upon the features in which these tribes differed from the nomadic tribes of the Plains, whose life is represented in Hall 5. The projected exhibitions should be of great value to teachers of local history, as they are designed to give a correct Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 213 picture of the life of the Indians in and about Chicago in the early nineteenth century. The southeastern quarter of the hall will be devoted to the tribes of the Plateau culture area. These tribes had many features in common with those of the Plains area, but differed from them in several details, the most noticeable being their extensive use of basketry. Twenty cases were installed by Assistant Curator Lewis for exhi- bition in Joseph N. Field Hall. Seventeen of this number are re-instal- lations, and three cases contain new material. One of the Chinese screens presented by Mrs. Marshall Field, was removed from Hall 23, which is assigned to contain the Ayer collection of pewter, and was placed on the second floor at the north end of the stairway landing. Sculptures from India and Java were re-installed by the curator, the two cases being placed in Hall 32. Six stands holding a map of China and large labels giving chronologi- cal tables for the classification of Chinese antiquities have been installed in Hall 24. A new base was made for the case containing the model of the Taj Mahal in Hall 32. In Hall 9 five cases were changed in order to make a more suitable grouping according to tribes, as well as to gain more space for the Ifugao bench. The position of ten cases, including the seal-hunt group, was changed in Mary E. Sturges Hall, to make better aisles, grouping, and lighting, as well as additional space for a four-foot case of Tlingit basketry and a case of Athapascan clothing from the Yukon, which geographically fits in between the Eskimo and Tlingit, but which had been placed temporarily in Hall 4. In Hall 6 one four-foot case con- taining 13 Hupa storage baskets was emptied and the case transferred to Hall 3 for additional Tlingit baskets. The positions of eighteen cases were shifted, which results in an improved grouping according to tribes. Three cases were rebuilt for Egyptian mummies. A new case was made for the Egyptian leather corselet. One case was cut down in size for the two Roman mills in Edward E. Ayer Hall. A series of shelves was built at the north end of the fourth floor for storage of archeological material. Store rooms of compressed steel were built at the south end of the fourth floor and are now complete except for the shelving. Additional shelving was built in Room 66 for the storage of collections received from the Captain Marshall Field Expedition to China. The plaster busts of American Indians were unpacked and arranged on racks in Room 35. The numerous shipments received from the 214 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. field made heavy demands on the time of the staff in checking and storing the new acquisitions. The carved and lacquered Chinese bed, the dragon-boat and the bridal palanquin obtained by the curator in China were assembled and the necessary repairs completed. A new type of screen for exhibition cases has been devised. It con- sists of boards of a three-ply veneer, 1% inches thick, while the old screen was 2 inches thick and proportionately heavy and unwieldy. It required the combined effort of four men to set up this screen, while the new one can easily be handled by a single man. It can be made within two or three days, while it required a week or longer to make one of the old type. In the modeling section, 93 damaged specimens were repaired, 11 ancient Chinese iron objects treated, 6 papier-mache forms for the installation of costumes were completed and repair work was finished on the miniature group of the Pawnee sacred bundles ceremony. Work was continued on the New Guinea village group, which was largely confined to the making of coconut palms. Seventeen trunks which had to be modeled by hand are now ready. The modeler designed and constructed a machine for making celluloid coconut leaflets ; and also made a model and moulds of miniature nuts of 33 sizes. Two trees are practically completed, save for the final coloring of the leaflets. The Victor X-Ray Corporation of Chicago volunteered its services in taking radiographs of suitable museum objects, and under the direction of Mr. E. C. Jerman, 30 films 14 x 17 were taken of eight Peruvian and Egyptian mummies of three adult men, birds and small mammals. It is expected that investigations based on these radio- graphs will yield interesting results and that a study of the condition of the skeletons, as revealed by the radiographs, will excite the curiosity of both the physical anthropologist and the pathologist. Botany. — Early in the year the exhibits in the Department of Botany were rearranged. Wherever possible the bulk of economic plant material was separated from the more purely botanical exhibits, which include the reproductions and models of plants. These will eventually fill the large east hall, on the second floor, known as the Hall of Plant Life. By this change the arrangement of the economic plant material is simplified. Fibres and textiles are now placed together. The food products are grouped, beginning with the small grains, followed by starches, sugars, fats of vegetable origin, chocolate, coffee, tea and spices. Resins and gums, lac and lacquer, wood distillation products, FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XXXIX. THE FLOWER- AND FRUIT-BEARING TRUNK OF A CANNON-BALL TREE FROM GUIANA. A NEW EXHIBIT IN THE HALL OF PLANT LIFE. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 21 s paper making materials and paper pulp products, tanning materials and dye woods, etc., are now also grouped, so that the visitor es- pecially interested in any one of these classes of raw materials, or their products, may find them assembled for comparison, rather than dis- tributed among the plant families to which they botanically belong. The new arrangement is at present in far from perfect order, since the installation in most cases was originally made with a view to a botanical sequence. The Palms among the larger plant families, alone have been selected for a comprehensive or monographic display, covering both their botanic and economic features. The Museum’s collection of palms is now especially rich in both respects and the space required for the rather large specimens is now available. All of the palm material secured by the Stanley Field Guiana Expedition of 1922, named and catalogued, is ready for installation. In the Flail of Plant Life a decided change in appearance has been effected by painting the interior of cases with a light color. So much is to be said in favor of black as a background for many and varied classes of exhibits, particularly in point of economy and convenience of installation, that its use will be continued in all other halls of the department. However, it proved unsatisfactory as a setting for the reproductions of plants in which a lifelike appearance is desired. The reinstallation of the exhibits in this hall, required by the new plan of arrangement and by the change in background color, has been carried on as rapidly as possible. The exhibits have been increased by a number of new reproductions and models of plants. The Cycads are now represented by a repro- duction of the Comptie ( Zamia floridana ), one of the few Cycads native in the United States. A complete female plant is shown, bearing a ripe fruiting cone. Some models of the seed-bearing leaves of a Cycas have been added for purposes of comparison. For the representation of the adjoining fossil Cycads, a beginning has been made by the reconstruction, in the form of a model, of a fossil Cycad flower. This work has been carried on with the co-operation of Professor Wieland of Yale, the chief investigator of this extinct group. It is intended to illustrate it further, by the reconstruction of a branch of one of the small-leaved tree-like Cycadeoids and by some of the simpler “flowers” of these plants. The Verbena family has been illustrated by the “Black Mangrove,” Avicennia, one of the principal members of the Mangrove formation of tropical shores, and biologically perhaps the most interesting of the 216 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. plants of its family. An entire young tree with its remarkable clump of breathing roots was dug up, washed free of adhering clay and sent to the Museum by the Stanley Field Guiana Expedition of 1922. The foliage, flowers and fruits have been replaced by reproductions and the tree is now represented as it grew in the Guiana swamp, partly imbedded in mud. Being one of the so-called viviparous plants, its seedlings are of interest and are shown in various stages of growth on the ground below the tree. In the adjoining half of the case may be seen specimens of the peculiar aerial roots of the older trees. A Cacao or Chocolate tree from Guiana forms another noteworthy accession. The foliage, flower and fruits of this tree also have been restored and the result is a life-like representation of the tree as it grew on a Demerara cacao plantation. A new glass model of an enlarged flower of the Cacao has been added to the present exhibit. The Gamboge, or “vegetable tallow” family , has been illustrated by a reproduction of a flowering branch of the large-flowered Clusia, interest- ing on account of its showy magnolia-like flowers, and on account of the curious strangling habit of these trees, which has earned for them the appellation “Matapalo” or tree-killers. The Clusia, with its thick shining leaves and large white flowers, is undoubtedly one of the hand- somest of the flowering branches in the hall. As a further illustration of the fruit-characters in this family of plants, already represented by the Mangosteen, there has been added a fruiting branch of the well- known Mammea. To the Madder family a reproduction of a flowering branch of the East Indian “Silver Leaf” or “Princess Leaf” (Mussaenda) has been added. The interesting feature of this is the expansion of one of the calyx lobes of the small orange-red flower, into a large, white, leaf- like structure. In the Trumpet Vine family a reproduction of a fruiting branch of the Calabash tree adds another type of fruit to those already there. A reproduction, from material obtained from Texas, has also been completed of a clump of the common Mistletoe. The Orchid case has been enriched by a reproduction of a plant of the native Pink Lady Slipper (Cypripedium) . For the exhibit of grasses, an enlarged model has been made of a germinating grain of Wheat. A series of Sweet Pea flowers has been modeled and colored to illustrate latent characters in heredity. A large part of the work required to restore a flowering and fruiting trunk of a Cannon-ball tree has been performed during the year, and progress has been made on several other reproductions of local and tropical plants. Jan-., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 217 Geology. — The Borden collection of Indiana is being installed in Hall 34 as fast as it can be prepared. To make room for this exten- sive collection, material of the same periods and character but of less exhibition value is removed from the cases and transferred to the study collections. The fronts of four pyramidal cases have now been filled with specimens from this collection. Fifteen label stands specially designed to secure stability and yet present a neat and unobtrusive appearance, have been provided for the uncased skeletons and other floor mounts in this hall. These stands bring the labels to the height of the eye of the visitor and admit of adjustment to the angle most favorable for reading. A collection illustrating minerals that can be employed in crystal sets for radio communication was prepared and installed in Skiff Hall. An attractive addition to the exhibit illustrating the uses of petro- leum products is the candle collection. This is installed on a single screen which occupies half of a large case. Placed in the midst of the dull-colored petroleum and coal exhibits it adds a needed touch of color to this part of the hall. To illustrate the ornamental uses of gypsum, a figure of consider- able artistic merit was carved on a small block of alabaster, in such a way as to show both the rough stone and the finished figure. Work on the model of a cement plant was discontinued for the larger part of the year. The modelling was resumed during the late fall and the model is now complete except for some minor details, painting and some work that can be done only after the model is placed in its exhibition case. Four series of glass models illustrating the crystal form and colors of gem minerals have been remounted and relabelled. The replicas of famous diamonds in Higinbotham Hall have also received new labels. A tablet of gold nuggets from California, a gift from Mr. William J. Chalmers, has been prepared and is now exhibited in the same Hall. Further installation was confined to adding new specimens to the present collections and to numerous minor changes in arrangement of material, labels and cases. A modern still for distilling water has replaced one of antiquated type in the chemical laboratory. This not only provides the water required in the laboratory but also that for the stereopticons in Simp- son theatre and for several of the work-rooms. Room no has been converted to a preparation room for the Borden collection. In it racks have been erected for all of the departmental storage trays. 2i8 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Sixty-six additional trays have been provided for the storage of the Borden collection. In the chemical laboratory the principal work has been confined to the transfer from the original packages to exhibition bottles and jars of several hundred petroleums, greases and waxes, a task that would have been difficult but for the excellent laboratory equipment. A num- ber of problems connected with the maintenance of the building have been solved by laboratory research. These include some fuel investiga- tions, and questions concerning the harmful character of a number of marble cleaning compounds. Identification of minerals received from Museum expeditions has also been carried forward during the year. Mr. F. C. Richardson of the Geological department of the Uni- versity of Chicago has made a detailed study of the Museum asbestos collections. Text for two guide leaflets, one on amber and one on meteorites, were prepared by the Curator and published during the year. Zoology. — Preparation of new material for exhibition purposes has steadily advanced and a considerable quantity is on hand, awaiting installation. The animals for the Olympic Elk group, begun some time ago, have been finished to the point of requiring only a few final touches. A case of bears, showing the color variation in the Black Bear group and including specimens of the Black, the Cinnamon, and Glacier Bears is practically ready for exhibition. A similar collection of the larger American cats, as the Cougar, Jaguar, Ocelot, Lynx, Bobcat, etc., is also in an advanced stage. A handsome specimen of the African Leopard was mounted and installed in the hall devoted to the systematic series of mammals ; and two small South American monkeys were also mounted for this series. The skin of a hippopotamus, received during the year, was preserved and carefully prepared for mounting. A collection of American raptorial birds, eagles, hawks and falcons has been prepared, the birds being mounted from fresh material or from thoroughly remodeled specimens and placed on appropriate natural stands instead of the perfunctory T-perches and wooden blocks used heretofore. This collection is designed to occupy an entire case and will be the first of a completely reorganized systematic and geographic exhibit of birds. New descriptive labels have been prepared for each species and a special case label has been devised to fit the case. Progress has been made also in mounting a series of American woodpeckers Jan./ 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 219 and material for other series has been prepared so that it will be available for future work. The exhibit of Birds of Paradise in Stanley Field Flail was improved by the addition of a Blue Bird of Paradise, one of the rarest and most beautiful of its family. The other birds in the case were renovated, and the entire installation modified by the reconstruction of the base. Preparation of material in the section of reptiles and amphibians advanced rapidly, and notable success has attended the application of the celluloid process to the reproduction of such large reptiles as croco- diles. The eight and a half foot specimen, the first of three for a pro- posed habitat group of the American Crocodile, sets a new standard for work of this kind and is so life-like as to be almost beyond criticism. A second model of the very different Belize Crocodile, rediscovered by the Museum’s expedition to Central America, has also been completed. A large amount of work has been done on the two remaining molds of crocodiles, and these, therefore, can be finished at an early date in 1924. In furtherance of the plan to exhibit a case of the poisonous snakes of North America several molds have been made, of which the most noteworthy are a green, a black-tailed, and a cane-brake rattle- snake. In the Division of Fishes, one exhibition case was equipped with new labels, and on one side of the screen in this double case a new exhibition was installed, showing some of the fishes of the deeper parts of the sea. Where actual specimens were not available for reproduction, some of the rarer species have been shown by means of colored drawings in natural size, twelve such drawings having been prepared. Specimens of 37 fishes were completely prepared and colored, and 75 others have passed the preliminary stages. The skeleton of the Sea Elephant was installed in Hall 1 7 during the month of January. New labels were printed and placed in frames, which were attached to special supports in front of the large skeletons exhibited on open stands. Among these were the skeletons of the Right Whale, Bottle-nose Whale, Walrus, Sea Elephant and Bison. In the conchological exhibit, the shells in three A-cases were rein- stalled and, by the elimination of duplicates, it was possible to condense them into one third the space they formerly occupied. In this manner, two cases became available for the insect exhibit. The work of selecting, naming and remounting a series of North American butterflies for ex- hibition was advanced as much as possible, with the result that this preparatory work was nearly completed. 220 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION The activities of the Department during the year have largely been devoted to the improvement of methods of installation, and to the preparation of material for additional cases. At the end of the year 1923, this Department had 770 cases available for loaning to the schools of Chicago. Several instructive cases of wild flowers growing in the Chicago region were prepared and are now ready for use in the schools. Considerable care was given to the methods of reproducing these flowers, as well as to the means of installing them so that they would be capable of withstanding damage from transporting them to the schools. Realism was added to the cases by the use of enlarged and colored photographs as backgrounds. Besides those cases ready for dis- tribution, several cases are still in various stages of completion. A noteworthy and attractive improvement was made in the cases of sev- eral habitat-groups of birds. Instead of placing the enlarged, colored photographs, used as environmental backgrounds, flat against the backs of the cases, they were curved. This curving gives added length to the background and a greater perspective to it. During the year several conferences were held with groups of prin- cipals from the public schools. As a result of these conferences a schedule of deliveries was adopted, which will enable the schools to have uninterrupted, daily use of the cases. The new schedule provides that each school shall receive two cases at the beginning of the school year. These two cases remain in the school for study for three weeks, and are replaced at the end of this period by two other cases. This procedure of distribution and collection, is maintained throughout the school year. This plan has been made possible by the steady in- crease in the number of cases. Under the abandoned system three cases were left at a school for three weeks’ study but it was impossible to substitute others for them when they were collected. In carrying out the new schedule 648 cases are in circulation, an increase of 162 over the previous schedule. There are 326 schools on the schedule to receive cases, 323 of which are public schools. Numerous applications were made for the loan of cases to other than public schools. The Chicago Normal College requested that it be included in the regular schedule. This was done and the student teachers are given special instruction on the educational values of the cases. A similar request was made by the Michael Reese hospital and cases that would be of assistance in certain courses for student nurses were sent. Permission was given the Director of Visual Instruction of the Chicago Public Schools to make lantern slides and stereoscopic A.. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. MODEL OF A PLANT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PORTLAND CEMENT. Size, 11V2 x 3V2 feet. CONSTRUCTED BY H. W. NICHOLS AND VALERIE LEGAULT. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XU. DETAIL (CRUSHER HOUSE), OF MODEL OF A PLANT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PORTLAND CEMENT. DETAIL, (RAW GRINDING MILL), OF MODEL MANUFACTURE OF PORTLAND One fourth actual size. OF A PLANT FOR THE CEMENT. Janv 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 221 pictures of all of the cases of this Department. These slides and pictures will be used in the classrooms in conjunction with the regular study of the cases. Various institutions throughout the country have commended the work of this Department and requested the loan of cases. The Re- sources Museum Commission of Missouri asked for several cases to be shown the state legislature, in connection with school exhibits from various institutions. In a letter to the Museum, the Commission wrote, ‘‘your cases make by far the most attractive natural history exhibits received.” Eight cases were sent on request to the Peoria County School Teachers’ Institute, for exhibition at its regular meeting. Four were sent to Nashville to assist in establishing a children’s museum of Natural History. The Louisville Library requested and was granted the loan of a case. The Progressive Educational Association exhibited a case of this Department at its annual meeting held at the Drake Hotel. Two cases were loaned to the San Antonio Museum. The U. S. Department of Agriculture selected sixteen cases and asked that they be sent there for inspection and discussion with the view of adopting similar types of cases for its extension work. While the cases were in Washington several of them were requested by and loaned to public schools there and other cases were loaned to the University of Maryland. Ten cases were on view at the Art Institute as part of the annual ex- hibition of the Illinois Chapter of the Wild Flowers Preservation Society of America. The Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology requested and received a case for examination. Seventy-five new cases were ordered and received by the Department. Guide-lecturer. — The chief activities of the guide-lecturer during the past year were centered on the plan to bring the Museum into closer touch with school children and teachers. Through consultation with the teachers, these lectures were closely correlated with the work done in the classroom. The increase in the attendance at these lectures has proven that this work is of practical importance. There were given to school classes 149 lectures, with a total attendance of 5,683 school children. Besides these lectures, the Museum has been the host, through the services of the guide-lecturer, to numerous clubs, con- ventions, societies and visitors. Over 80 lectures on the Museum exhibits were given to 519 general visitors and 58 lectures were given to clubs and conventions, with an attendance of 2,280. The total number of lecture tours given during the year was increased to 294 and the attendance approximately 9,000. 222 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Publicity. — It had become increasingly evident to the Museum management that the location, visiting hours, and free days, of the Museum were not sufficiently clear and definite in the minds of the public. There were three major causes that had led to this condition. First, the fact that the change from its old location in Jackson Park to its present site in Grant Park was accomplished immediately following the World War, and the public interest was therefore not centered upon this change. Second, the new Museum was built on newly made land, the existence and location of this new park being practically un- known in the outlying districts. Third, the approaches to the Museum were necessarily delayed, awaiting the completion of this outer park. This delay led to a confusion as to the proper approaches to the institu- tion. To give more thorough information to the public concerning the location and approaches, a campaign of public information was started. The work which was begun in May was confined for the most part to posters indicating the location and approaches to the Museum. These posters are all classed as an indirect type of public notice, since both the name of the Museum and that of the transportation company contri- buting the advertising space, have appeared on the placards. In placing these direction posters the Museum is greatly indebted to the co-oper- ation of the transportation companies, such as the Surface Lines, Elevated and Suburban Railroad Service. During the year a total of 1 1, 880 posters were distributed to the transportation agencies of which 4,350 were printed outside of the Museum at the expense of these companies, while the remaining 7,530 were printed by the Museum. During the spring and summer months the correct name and loca- tion of the Museum was inserted in the records of six road maps and direction folders. Illustrated folders, which contained information as to location, motor roads, visiting hours, etc., were furnished the Chicago Motor Club and the Illinois Motor Club. Taxi cab companies included the location and history of the Museum in their school instructions to new drivers. In order to explain the economic value of the Museum exhibits and bring the Museum into a closer contact with the people connected with these economic activities, 12 articles were edited by prominent trade journals, explaining this phase of Museum work. Articles on the ex- hibits were also published in eight of the house organs of the largest local concerns. Two news reels were made, Pathe on the Stanley Field plant repro- duction process, and International showing the children entering the Museum for one of the fall series of entertainments. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 223 Advance notices were sent to newspapers, public schools, universi- ties, libraries and similar institutions, announcing the fall series of lectures and entertainments. The newspaper clippings for the year totaled 2,225. There were ten major stories on the expeditions and Museum work. This averaged one article a month that received a good national circulation. Printing. — Since all of the printing is done in the Museum, the output of the section of printing has been greatly increased. The varied interests of the departments call for a large amount of printing of a diversified nature, and the work is now being performed with considerable economy to the Institution and a most satisfying saving of time to the departments. The total number of impressions made indicates the unusually heavy demand on this section. Of the regular series of publications 5,559 copies were printed and bound, and 58,771 leaflets, guides and manuals were printed and bound during the year. The number of labels and other impressions printed follows : Anthropology Botany Geology Zoology Harris Extension . . General Geographic Society Exhibition Other Labels Impressions 4,777 12,600 1,041 23,757 1,480 3,015 1,617 7,660 377 908 594 260,237 24,400 Total 9,686 332,577 Several noteworthy additions were made to the printing equipment during the year. To facilitate the making up of type and illustrated pages, a complete assortment of steel furniture was installed. A most desirable acquisition was a 14 x 22 inch Universal Press with electric motor equipment. A combination cabinet table for ink, rollers and chases for the Universal press, and two large tables for the bindery and for storing temporarily type pages were also provided. Photography and Illustration: — Through the generosity of Mr. George D. Pratt of Brooklyn, N. Y., and Mr. E. A. Mcllhenny of Chicago, who contributed a number of interesting moving picture reels to the Museum, a Moving Picture Film Library was inaugurated. While the work of the Section of Photography has been of a routine nature, the large amount of prints furnished by this section is indica- tive of the extent of the researches of the museum. The section is fortunate in having an unusually well equipped photographic plant. 224 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. The 20,000 lantern slides that were formally distributed among the departments of the museum, have now been brought under one central system of classification and placed in the section of Photography ready for cataloguing. The following tabulation sets forth the work performed in this section during the past year: Number Number Number Number of of of of Negatives Lantern Negatives Prints Developed Slides Made Made for Field Made Expeditions General 45 1,893 Anthropology 105 331 1,546 Botany 152 1,873 Geology 66 484 66 Zoology 403 43 2,506 222 - Harris Extension 15 249 36 Sale 18 440 Gift ’28 165 Totals 526 680 9U56 324 Photogravures. — The great number of publications and leaflets printed during the year has meant also a decided advance in the out- put of this section. The number of photogravures printed during the year for various purposes is condensed into the following table : Publications 87 ,000 Leaflets. , . 159,000 Postal Cards 8,000 Membership Certificate Headings 1,500 Total 255,500 Attendance: It is gratifying to note the increase in attendance during the past year, indicating a steady growth of popular interest in the museum. A total of 496,767 persons visited the museum, of which 414,944 were admitted on the free days, while 81,823 attended on the regular pay days. It is also encouraging to note an increase in the num- ber of school children who have attended the museum during the year. Herewith are also submitted financial statements, lists of accessions, names of members, etc., etc. D. C. DAVIES, Director. * Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 225 ATTENDANCE STATISTICS FROM JANUARY 1, 1923 TO DECEMBER 31, 1923. Total Attendance 496,767 Paid Attendance 81,823 Free Admissions on Pay Days: SchoolChildren 23,369 Students 13,860 Teachers 1,240 Special 196 Admissions on Free Days: Thursdays 62,199 Saturdays 101,705 Sundays 212,375 Highest Attendance on any day (October 6, 1923) 8,166 Lowest Attendance on any day (February 14, 1923) 123 Highest Paid Attendance (September 3, 1923) 3,927 Average Daily Admissions 1 ,36 1 Average Paid Admissions 439 Guides sold . 1 7,206 Articles checked 15,919 Picture Postal Cards sold 1 13, 45 7 226 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol, VI. GENERAL FUND STATEMENT OF CASH RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS For the Year Ending December 31, 1923 Balance December 31, 1922 $ 34,673.78 Receipts Income — Endowment, General and Door Receipts $227,897.90 South Park Commissioners 114,918.71 Sundry Receipts 11,905.61 Loans Repaid 29,450.48 Memberships 14,725.00 Contributions 180,038.01 Sale of Securities 139,386.00 $718,321.71 $752,995-49 Disbursements Operating Expenses $352,745-51 Expeditions 63,335.02 Collections Purchased 8,159.42 Furniture and Fixtures 10,884.17 Expenditures on Building and Approaches 64,286.42 Securities Purchased 198,333-75 $697,744-29 Transferred to Sinking Funds 9,600.00 $707,344.29 Cash Balance December 3 1 , 1923 $ 45,651.20 THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION Statement of Income and Expenses for the Year 1923 Interest and Dividends on Investments $ 14,884.18 Operating Expenses 13,380.86 $ 1,503-32 Deduction from Income (Depreciation of Automobile Delivery Car) 602.24 Balance transferred to Surplus $ 901.08 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. FIGURE OF WATER BUFFALO CAST OF SOLID SILVER, CHINA, SIXTH CENTURY A. D. CAPT. MARSHALL FIELD EXPEDITION TO CHINA, 1923. Height 4 inches, length 6 inches. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. ACCESSIONS DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY ABBOTT, THOMAS R., Peking, China. 1 jade imperial emblem of the Sung period, 1 green -glazed dish of the Ming period, 1 fragmentary bowl of the Yuan period, 1 snuff bottle, I Ting bowl of the Sung period, I jade ink slab, samples of incense — China (gift). ALLING, CHARLES, Chicago. 1 color print (surimono) by Kunisada —Japan (gift). ANDERSEN, MRS. C. M., Chicago 1 eider-down lined woman’s jacket, 1 pair of woman’s short sealskin trousers, 1 pair of woman’s inner sealskin boots, 1 pair of woman’s red outer boots — Eskimo, Good Hope, Greenland (gift). ARTHUR, J. J., Topeka, Kansas. 2 prehistoric flint scrapers — Morris County, Kansas (gift). AYER, EDWARD E., Chicago. 190 pewter plates, tankards, jugs, tureens, candlesticks, and other utensils — China, England, Ger- many, Austria (gift). 4 pewter objects: plate, guild cup, flask, and ewer, of the 18th and 19th centuries — Germany (gift). 1 1 pewter plates, 1 pewter jug — England and France (gift). Wrappings of mummy — Egypt (gift). 72 pewter objects — China (gift). 5 pewter objects — Japan (gift). 1 Chinese pewter object, 1 pewter tankard in the shape of round tower with turret — China and Germany (gift). 8 pewter objects: 1 censer, 2 flower vases, 2 candlesticks, 2 teapots, and 1 figure of water buffalo with boy astride — China (gift). 1 Chinese pewter candelabrum, 1 buckskin dance skirt — China and Northwest California (gift). 9 pewter objects: 2 plates, 2 trays, 1 teapot, 4 mugs — Europe (gift). 18 Ushebti figures — Ancient Egypt (gift). 2 pewter bowls and 1 pair of pewter candlesticks — China (gift). New Year’s gift in shape of Twin Genii of Harmony and Union, of pewter — China (gift). 18 pewter objects: teapots, winepots, lamps and figures — China (gift). BABCOCK, F. R., Nice, France. 3 boomerangs, 2 painted with native red ochre — Central Australia (gift). BAHR, PETER J., Shanghai, China. 13 1 objects: 1 brick tea for Mongol market, 1 Ming dynasty paper note, 8 Hien-fung paper notes, 11 bank drafts, 1 chain mail, 5 clay figures, 2 jade bowlders, 5 iron implements, 81 bone, bronze and stone implements and beads, 16 small jades of the Han period — China (gift). BECK, NORMAN, Chicago. 3 painted miniature masks of carved wood — Japan (gift). BLAIR, WATSON F., Chicago. Large chipped obsidian blade — Yurok, Weitspekan, Humboldt County, California (gift). CHALMERS, W. J., Chicago. 18 bows, arrows, walking sticks — Southwest Congo, Africa. CLARK, ALBERT B., La Porte, Indiana. 3 baskets, 10 mats, 1 hat, 1 carved ornament, 2 gorgets, 2 shaman’s rattles, 3 small masks, 1 small box, 1 paint brush — Queen Charlotte Islands and North- west Coast (gift). 228 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. CORONA MUNDI, New York. 50 flint implements of the neolithic period — Lake Piros, Novgorod District, Russia (exchange). CORY, MRS. CHARLES B., Chicago. 1 bamboo quiver containing blow- gun arrow— Borneo (gift). DA YU I HENG TOBACCO COM- PANY, Shanghai, China. 10 samples of tobacco leaves in bundles — Kiangsi and Chekiang Provinces, China (gift). FIELD, MARSHALL, AND COM- PANY, Chicago. 4 painted Tientsin clay figures — China (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by B. Laufer. — Capt. Mar- shall Field Expedition to China: About 2,000 specimens of pottery, jade and other stone carvings, bronze, iron, ivory, paintings, costumes, etc. — China. Collected by W. H. Osgood. — Capt. Marshall Field South American Expedition: 4 prehistoric stone celts and 1 club head, 1 long implement point. Quellon, Chiloe Island, Chile. Collected by J. T. Zimmer. — Capt. Marshall Field South American Expedition: 9 pottery fragments: 6 knob heads, 1 loop handle, and two painted sherds — Huanuco Viejo, Peru. Collected by Fay-Cooper Cole. — Arthur B. Jones Expedition to Malaysia: 2400 objects: clothing, textiles, em- broideries, jewelry, brass, silver and wooden bowls and dishes, combs, baskets, bags, weapons, fish traps, agricultural and musical instruments, shadow- play figures, etc. — Federated Malay States, Sumatra, Nias, Java, Borneo. Purchases: 21 specimens of Greek antiquities: 1 marble hand from child’s statue, 1 copper hand, 1 glass tear bottle, 3 clay lamps, 1 copper ladle, 1 bronze figure, 1 small painted vase, 7 clay fig- urines, etc. — Miletos, southwest coast of Asia Minor, from D. G. Peponis, Cincinnati, Ohio. 60 samples of Indian textiles mount- ed in book, dated 1795 — North- east Bolivia, South America, from Carlos Doggenweiler, San- tiago, Chile. 3 decorated ivory arm rings, 1 arm ring of brass wire, 2 daggers worn on lower left arm, 2 pairs of men’s sandals, 1 pair of wo- man’s slippers — Upper Nigeria, Africa, from Alexander Inglis, Chicago. 1 woman’s silk appliqu6 skirt, 1 woman’s silk applique shawl, 1 woman’s calico waist with silk applique, 1 woven yarn bag, 1 woven basswood fiber bag, 1 tomahawk, 2 pairs of woman’s leggings, 5 pairs of moccasins — Menomini, Keshena, Wisconsin, from A. Skinner, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. 5 masks of Australian aborigines — from E. Eldridge, Adelaide, South Australia. 1 mountain-sheep wool blanket — Puget Sound, Washington (Coast Salish), from D. Francis, Victoria, B. C. GOOKIN, F. W. Chicago. Set of ten paintings: moral illustra- tions of the transience of human life— Japan (gift)., GROSSMAN, E. B., Chicago. 13 pieces of armor and wapons — India (gift). HEALY, AUGUSTINE, Chicago. Lion mane headdress — Masai, Brit- ish East Africa (gift). HEKTOEN, PROFESSOR LUDWIG, Chicago. 1 long sword — katana — of the 16th century — Japan (gift). HOLLISTER, FRANKLIN, Chicago. 1 stone figure of dark lava rock — Probably Aztec, Mexico City, Mexico (gift). HOLMQUIST, GUSTAV, Chicago. 25 objects: boat models, dishes, pipes, rattles, baskets, hooks, hat, and dagger — Tlingit and Yukon Athabascan, Alaska (gift) HORNBAKER, W. R., Lakeland, Florida. 54 prehistoric flint projectile points and knives — Ripley Township, Montgomery County, Indiana Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 229 1 buffalo skull (fragmentary) — from the sands of Saskatchewan River, 12 miles above Edmonton, Canada (gift). KEEP, CHAUNCEY, Chicago. 1 unusually large chipped obsidian blade — Yurok, Weitspekan, Humboldt County, California (gift). KWEN VOK-TSOO, Shanghai, China. 1 album of photographs showing the actor Mei Lan-fang in different roles, 1 painting of a Peking dog by Tsiao Ping-chen — China (gift). MATTESON, RICHARD. 1 silk cap lined with red felt and trimmed with fur — Korea (gift). McNUTT, FRED C., Youngstown, Ohio. About 225 specimens of pre-Colum- bian pottery, gourd vessels, wooden vessels and bells, objects of bone, wood and shell, bows, arrows in quivers, pack straps, sandals, turquois necklace, and 12 copper pieces including an axe, stone-headed club, etc. — Calama, Antofagasta, Chile (gift). MELCHIOR, J. E., Shanghai, China. Prehistoric pottery water - jar- — Hankow, China (gift). MILLER, PAUL, Chicago. Prehistoric steatite vessel — 50 miles south of Bitter Creek Station, southwest Wyoming (exchange). PUBLIC MUSEUM OF MILWAU- KEE, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. 2 Fox medicine bundles, 3 Fox medicine otters, 1 Fox medicine bag . of squirrel skin, 1 Fox applique woman’s skirt — Sauk Indians, Tama Reservation, Iowa (exchange). ROBERTS, W. H., Chicago. 27 Eskimo objects: bow-drill, knife, sinkers, adzes, and ivory carv- ings— Nome, Alaska (gift). SARGENT, HOMER E., Pasadena, California. 1 Navaho blanket, 1 man’s head- band, 1 ceremonial headdress — Navaho and Hupa, United States (gift). 26 baskets and 1 basket mortar — California, Alaska, and Abys- sinia (gift). SKINNER, A., Milwaukee, Wisconsin. 1 Winnebago woman’s robe, 3 Iroquois pipes of a late period — Iroquois and Winnebago, New York and Wisconsin (exchange). STREHLNEEK, E. A., Shanghai, China. 7 pottery jars and vases of Han, T'ang, and Sung periods, 1 Pandean pipe — China (gift). UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, Chicago. 3000 objects Mexican archeology and 400 southwest archeology through M. A. Ryerson, 148 specimens of physical anthropol- ogy, 90 casts and reproduc- tions, 35 objects from Swiss Lakes, 70 pieces of Peruvian archeology and ethnology, 6 objects of African ethnology, 80 miscellaneous stone implements, and a few modern Chinese, Japanese, and Korean articles of clothing — Mexico, Southwest United States, Switzerland, Peru, Africa, China, Japan, and Korea (gift). WANNIECK, L., Paris, France. 13 small bronze fragments of the T‘sin period (3rd century B. C.), 34 _ pottery fragments from buried cities of southern Mon- golia— China (gift). WARD, MRS. D. M. Modern pottery vase — ■ Pueblo, United States (gift). DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AMERICAN BALvSA CO., Long Island City, New York. 1 economic specimen (gift). BARTHOLOMEW, ELAM, Stockton, Kansas. 2 herbarium specimens (gift). BRITISH MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, London, England. 795 herbarium specimens (exchange). BRITTON, N. L., New York City. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). 230 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. DE SELM, A. W., Kankakee, Illinois. 25 herbarium specimens (gift). DREISBACH, ROBERT R., Philadel- phia, Pennsylvania. 555 herbarium specimens (exchange). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by G. S. Bryan — Capt. Marshall Field Peruvian Expe- dition: 750 cryptogamic specimens. 1500 duplicates for exchange. Collected by J. F. Macbride — Capt. Marshall Field Peruvian Expe- dition : 100 economic and exhibition speci- mens. 3500 dried plants. 1 1 000 duplicates for exchange. Purchases: 444 herbarium specimens — Capt. Marshall Field 1923 Fund. 2593 herbarium specimens. 1 economic specimen. Stanley Field Laboratory: 42 models and reproductions of plants. Stanley Field Guiana Expedition, 1922 : 18 economic specimens. Transfer: 3 economic specimens from Harris Extension. FULLER, GEORGE D., University of Chicago. 153 herbarium specimens (gift). HEDDLE, JOHN R., Madison, Wis- consin. 218 herbarium specimens (gift). HIRSCHY, N. C., Berea, Kentucky. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). KAWAGOE, S., Kogoshima, Japan. 1 economic specimen (gift). KAWAMURA, S., Tokyo, Japan. 1 economic specimen (gift). KING, MISS ANNA,. Chicago. 5 herbarium specimens (gift). KNOPF, EZRA C., Avalon, Santa Catalina, California. . 4 herbarium specimens (gift). LA VARRE, W. J. AND LANG, H., New York City. 200 herbarium specimens (gift). MERRILL, E. D., Manila, Philippine Islands. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). MINER LABORATORIES, Chicago. 1 economic specimen (gift). MULFORD AMAZONIAN EXPEDI- TION, H. H. Rusby, New York City. 135 herbarium specimens (gift). 10 economic specimens (gift). NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, New York City. 62 herbarium specimens (exchange). PATTEN, MISS CORA M., Chicago. 84 herbarium specimens (gift). PAYSON, E. B., Laramie, Wyoming. 10 herbarium specimens (gift). PERRY, GEORGE ELLIOT, Chicago. 1 economic specimen (gift). PRAY, LEON L., Chicago. 1 economic specimen (gift). REES, NAT. S., Chicago. 1 economic specimen (gift). ROOD, MRS. M. R. 12 economic specimens (gift). ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Kew, England. 405 herbarium specimens (exchange). SCHALLERT, P. O., Winston-Salem, North Carolina. 162 herbarium specimens (exchange). SHAFFEE, LOLA M., Chicago. 20 herbarium specimens (gift). SHERFF, EARL E., Chicago. 49 herbarium specimens (gift). U. S. NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Washington, D. C. 690 herbarium specimens (exchange) . VISCOSE COMPANY, THE, Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania. 3 economic specimens (gift). WEED, ALFRED C., Chicago. 1 economic specimen (gift). WILSON, PERCY, New York City. 2 herbarium specimens (gift). ZIMMER, JOHN T., Chicago. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). ZOBEY, JOSEPH, Chicago. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 231 DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY ARMSTRONG, H. M., Grand Junction, Colorado. 3 specimens carnotite — Polar Butte, Utah (gift). ASBESTOS CORPORATION OF CANADA, LTD., Quebec, Can- ada. 6 specimens asbestos and asbestos product — Quebec, Canada (gift). BEBB, DR. WILLIAM, Chicago. 12 specimens fossil bird skulls — La Brea Beds, Hollywood, Cali- fornia (gift). BUCKSTAFF, RALPH N., Oshkosh, Wisconsin. 1 specimen iron meteorite — Pitts, Georgia (gift). BULF, VALENTINE, Chicago. 1 specimen fossil crinoid (gift). CARD, GEORGE W, Sydney, New South Wales. 1 specimen meteorite — Warialda, New South Wales (gift). CHALMERS, WILLIAM J., Chicago. 1 specimen quartz crystal with chlorite inclusion (gift). 2 specimens silver buttons — Califor- nia (gift). 4 specimens minerals — California (gift). 29 specimens gold nuggets and grains — California (gift). 48 specimens gems and choice min- erals— South America (gift). CLARK, WALTER C., Vicksburg, Mississippi. 130 specimens fossils — Mississippi (exchange). COLLINS, W. H., Chicago. 5 specimens minerals and rocks — ■ Loughbro, Ontario (gift). CRAWFORD, MRS. W. L., Dallas, Texas. 1 plastron of fossil turtle — Dallas, Texas (gift). DEPARTMENT OF IMMIGRATION, Pierre, South Dakota. 39 specimens minerals and ores — South Dakota (gift). DOUGLAS, WAYNE E., Chicago AND E. F. WALL, JR., Elizabethtown, Illinois. 16 specimens fluorite — Hardin County, Illinois (gift). DOWD, QUINCY L., Lombard, Illinois. 1 specimen trilobite head — Lombard, Illinois (gift). EDE, J. A., La Salle, Illinois. 1 specimen tschermigite — Wamsutter, Wyoming (gift). EISENDRATH, MRS. D. N., Chicago. 82 specimens minerals (gift). ELLIS, MRS. WALTER C., Sulphur Rock, Arkansas. 4 specimens fossil fish — Sulphur Rock, Arkansas (gift). ELWELL, W. J., Danbury, Connecticut. 8 specimens minerals — Connecticut (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by O. C. Farrington — Capt. Marshall Field Brazilian Expe- dition : 323 specimens gems, minerals and ores — Brazil, South America. Collected by H. W. Nichols: 1 specimen tourmaline and quartz vein — Deloro, Porcupine Dis- trict, Ontario, Canada. Collected by C. C. Sanborn — Capt. Marshall Field Chilean Expe- dition 1922-23: 26 specimens fossils and 4 specimens conglomerate and sandstone — Paiguano, Province of Coquim- ba, Chile, South America. Purchases: 1 specimen troilite — Del Monte County, California. 1 skull of Hipparion gracile — Isle of Samos, Greece. 5 individual stone meteorites — Ness County, Kansas. FLOWER, W. A., Halfway, Oregon. 9 specimens gold and silver ores — Seven Devils District, Idaho (gift). GOURLEY, W. J., Chicago. 1 specimen rock weathering — Near Wauconda, Lake County, Illi- nois (gift). 232 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. GUNSAULUS, MRS, F. W.. Chicago. 1 sepcimen fossil shell — Gonzales, California (gift). HALVORSEN, E. E., Santa Barbara, California. Collection of invertebrate fossils — San Pedro, California (gift). HEIKES, VICTOR C., U. S. Geological Survey, Salt Lake City, Utah. 2 specimens minerals — Manhattan, Nevada (exchange). 2 specimens tillite — Manhattan, Nevada (exchange). 1 specimen microlite — Amelia Court House, Virginia (exchange). HORNBAKER, W. R., Lakeland, Flor- da. 2 1 specimens fossils — Illinois and Indiana (gift). JORDAN, MRS. SCOTT, Chicago. 16 specimens minerals (gift). 32 specimens fossils (gift). LEAN, F. J., Calumet, Michigan. 5 specimens minerals — Michigan (gilt). LINKEY, HARRY, Chicago. 16 specimens minerals — Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming (gift). LIVERSIDGE, PROF. A., Surrey, England. 2 casts of Bingera meteorite — Aus- tralia (gift). MORONEY, JOHN J., Chicago. 1 specimen diaspore (gift). MUMMS, CHESTER, Arkadelphia, Arkansas. i specimen manganese ore — Arkadel- phia, Arkansas (gift). MURRAY, HUGH, Chicago. 1 specimen septarium — Kibbie, Michigan (gift). NEUMANN, MISS FANNYE M., Chicago. 50 specimens minerals — Lake Super- ior Region and Blue Ridge, North Carolina (gift). OFFER, W. C., South Porcupine, Ontario. 1 specimen silver ore — Carmen, near Porcupine, Ontario (gift). RICHARDSON, S. A., Bonne Terre, Missouri. 1 limestone drill core — Jefferson County, Illinois (gift). ROBB, MRS. GEORGE S., Borden, Indiana. The Borden Collection of inverte- brate paleozoic fossils, approxi- mately 30,000 specimens — Ken- tucky and Indiana (gift). ROOD, MRS. M. R., Milwaukee, Wisconsin. 262 specimens fossils, minerals and ores — mostly north Michigan (gift). ROTHSTEIN, H., Denver, Colorado. 1 specimen washegyite — Manhattan, Nevada (gift). RUHLING, F. E., Chicago. 1 fossil cephalopod — Omena, Grand Traverse Bay, Michigan (gift). SCHEILER, H. W., Lincoln, Illinois. 1 specimen concretion, — Lincoln, Illinois (gift). 15 specimens fossil shells — Lincoln, Illinois (gift). SCHMANKE, EMIL C., Chicago. 5 specimens concretion — Cotter, Ar- kansas (gift). SCOTT, G. S., New York City, New York. 1 specimen orpiment and realgar — Manhattan, Nevada (exchange). STADLER, RAYMOND, Roberts, Illinois. 1 specimen marcasite concretion — Roberts, Illinois (gift). STANDARD OIL COMPANY (INDI- ANA), Chicago. 86 specimens fancy paraffine candles (gift). 8 specimens fancy paraffine candle holders (gift). STANFORD UNIVERSITY, California 1 slab fossil herring — Lompoc, Cali- fornia (gift). STUART, JAMES, San Francisco, California. 1 specimen cinnabar on pyrite (gift). THOMAS, R. K., Navajo, Arizona. Collection of chromium minerals — Apache County, Arizona (gift). WOOD, F. E., Sioux City, Iowa. 6 microscopic slides of rocks and minerals (gift). WYSCH, ANTHONY J., Chicago. 2 fossil sharks’ teeth — District _ of Arawina, Equatorial Africa (gift). A CYCAD PLANT WITH ITS LARGE SEED-BEARING CONE. One tenth actual size. Jan./ 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 233 DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NAT- URAL HISTORY, New York City. 378 birds — mainly South American (exchange). 2 birds — San Domingo (exchange). BOOTH FISHERIES COMPANY, Chicago. 1 pickerel — (gift). 1 wall-eyed pike — (gift). BRIGHT, J. C., Dubuque, Iowa. 1 fresh-water mussel — Specks Ferry, Iowa (gift). CAHN, ALVIN R., Urbana, Illinois. 3 grass pike — Fox River, Wisconsin (gift). CINCINNATI ZOOLOGICAL PARK ASSOCIATION, Cincinnati, Ohio. 1 hippopotamus skin and skeleton — Africa (gift). COALE, HENRY K., Highland Park, Illinois. 3 birds — New South Wales, Australia (exchange). COLBURN, FREDERICK S., Chicago. 1 fringe-eared oryx — Tanganyika Colony, Africa (gift). CONOVER, H. B., Chicago. 1 crested grebe — Krugliner Sea, Germany (gift). CRIMMINS, COL. M. L., Fort Bliss, Texas. 2 turtles, 5 snakes, 31 lizards — Fort Bliss (gift). DAHLGREN, DR, B. E., Chicago. 178 dragonflies, ant-lions, mantis, grasshoppers, bugs, flies, beetles, moths, butterflies, bees, wasps — British Guiana (gift). DOHMEN, U. A., Chicago. 2 butterflies— Chicago (gift). EDE, GEORGE H., Austin, Illinois. 1 rough-legged hawk — Illinois (gift). ENGELHARDT, GEORGE P., New York City. 3 tree frogs — Florida (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by F. C. Cole (Arthur B. Jones Malay- Archipelago Ex- pedition) : 2 Indian elephant skulls. Collected by B. E. Dahlgren (Stanley Field Guiana Expedition) : 1 agouti — British Guiana. Collected by W. J. Gerhard: 21 grasshoppers, butterflies, moths, beetles, flies, bees, wasps and parasites — Northern Illinois and Indiana. Collected by Edmund Heller (Capt. Marshall Field Peruvian Ex- pedition) : 58 birds — Brazil. 1741 mammals — Peru and Brazil. 2 beetles, 10 frogs and toads, 21 liz- ards, 16 snakes, 14 birds — Peru. Collected by Ashley Hine: 1 moth — Momence, Illinois. 57 birds — Indiana and Illinois. Collected by S. E. Meek and S. F. Hildebrand : 290 crustaceans — Panama Canal Zone. Collected by W. H. Osgood (Capt, Marshall Field Chilean Expedi- tion) : 7 insects, 4 shells — Chile and Ar- gentina. 2 snakes, 1 lizard, 10 frogs, 42 birds, 195 mammals — Argentina. Collected by W. H. Osgood and C. C. Sanborn (Capt. Marshall Field Chilean Expedition) : 1 lizard, 11 frogs, 6 bird’s eggs and nests, 377 birds, 1047 mammal skins, skulls and skeletons — Chile. 73 fishes — Chile and Argentina. Collected by W. H. Osgood, C. C. Sanborn, and H. B. Conover (Capt. Marshall Field Chilean Expedition) : 23 snakes, 32 lizards, 332 frogs and toads — Chile. Collected by C. C. Sanborn (Capt, Marshall Field Chilean Expedi- tion) : 23 bugs and beetles, 3 snakes, 12 1 lizards, 15 1 frogs and toads, 7 bird’s eggs and nest, 583 birds, 87 mammals — Chile. Collected by K. P. Schmidt and W. J. Gerhard: 6 frogs, 7 toads, 3 lizards — Mineral Springs, Indiana. 234 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Collected by K. P. Schmidt and L. L. Walters (Capt. Marshall Field Honduras Expedition) : 250 fishes, 1275 amphibians and reptiles, 47 birds — Honduras and British Honduras. 369 leaches, snails, scorpions, centi- pedes, millipeds, ticks, spiders, dragonflies, roaches, bugs and beetles — Honduras and British Honduras. Collected by K. P. Schmidt and L. L. Walters: 14 frogs, 72 salamanders — Chicago. 1 lizard, 7 toads, 8 salamanders — Northern Illinois and Northern Indiana. Collected by Alfred C. Weed (Capt. Marshall Field Louisiana and Texas Expedition): 2000 fishes, 18 salamanders, 290 frogs and toads, 1 turtle, 61 snakes, 83 lizards — Louisiana. 8000 fishes, 302 amphibians and rep- tiles— Cameron County, Texas. 183 scorpions, centipedes, millipeds, spiders, dragonflies, bugs, bee- tles, moths and flies — Louisiana and Texas. Collected by John T. Zimmer (Capt. Marshall Field Peruvian Ex- pedition) : 1492 birds, 140 mammal skins and skulls, 16 frogs and toads, 33 lizards, 19 climbing catfish, 2 insects — Peru. Purchases: 129 birds — Argentina. 1 woodchuck — Arkansas. 44 birds — Austria, Norway, Canary Islands. 14 mammal skins and skulls, 600 dragonflies — Brazil. 4 turtles — Tanganyika Territory, East Africa. 7 birds — Dominican Republic. 202 birds — -S. W. Ecuador. 1823 birds— Germany. 1 10 butterflies and moths— India. 1 lake trout — Michigan. 2 golden eagles — Nebraska. 321 fishes — Marion County, Florida. 2 butterflies, 2 moths — New Guinea. 1 red lynx — 25 birds — Shetland Islands, Cape Verde Islands, Azores. 14 birds — South America. 263 birds — South America and New Guinea. 32 salamanders, 26 frogs, 29 toads, 6 lizards, 48 snakes, 2 turtles — Mt. Pleasant, S. C. 6 salamanders, 31 toads, 1 lizard, 2 turtles — South Carolina. 30 turtles — Tennessee, Missouri. 10 birds — Uruguay. 300 snakes, lizards, frogs, 2 fishes — various localities. 1 black bear — 1 Pacific wolf fish — 1 red snapper — 1 flounder, 4 mackerels — 1 rattlesnake — Louisiana. FIELD, STANLEY, Chicago. 1 bronze bust of gorilla by Akeley — (gift). FREAR, A. EDWARD, Chicago. 6 bear skulls — Alaska (gift). GUERET, E. N., Chicago. 1 roach — Chicago (gift). GUILHUFE, F., Chicago. 1 bat — Chicago (gift). HEALY, AUGUSTINE, Chicago. 1 rhinoceros skull and scalp — British East Africa (gift). HELLMAYR, DR. C. E., Chicago. 134 butterflies and moths — Colorado (gift). 12 birds — Sao Paulo, Brazil (gift). 1 wood pewee — Tremont, Indiana (gift). HEPP, FRANK, Berwick, Ohio. 3 beetles — Berwick, Ohio (gift). HINE, ASHLEY, Chicago. 1 moth — Chicago (gift). 1 gerfalcon (gift). HUDSON, DR. J. W., Ukiah, California. 1 photograph of California wood- pecker storehouse (gift). JONES, SARAH V. H., Sydney, Australia. 1 scorpion, 5 centipedes, 6 lizards — Honolulu (gift). JORDAN, MRS. SCOTT, Chicago. 1 emu egg, 535 star-fish, sea-urchins, corals, shells (gift). KEISTER, HENRY A., Meredosia, Illinois. 45 sunfishes — Meredosia, Illinois (gift). KEITH, ELLSWORTH, Hinsdale, Illinois. 1 white-throated sparrow — Hinsdale, Illinois (gift). Jan.; 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 235 KNICKERBOCKER, C. K., Chicago. 1 hybrid duck — Lake St. Croix, Wisconsin (gift). 2 everglade kites with nest — Palm Beach, Florida (gift). KRANENBURG, H. J., Ardmore, Illinois. 1 spider — North Ardmore, Illinois (gift). LEOPOLD, N. F., JR., Chicago. 1 Cooper’s hawk (exchange). LINCOLN PARK AQUARIUM, Chicago. 1 turtle — Havana, Illinois (gift). 1 brown trout (gift). 5 sunfishes — Lincoln Park Lagoon (gift). 2 minnows, 215 sunfishes — Fairport, Iowa (gift). 1 axolotle (gift). LILJEBLAD, E., Chicago. 1 butterfly — Canclos, Equador (gift). LINDSAY, ALEXANDER M., JR., Rochester, New York. 1 fringe-eared oryx — Tanganyika Colony, Africa (gift). LINKEY, H., Chicago. 1 worm shell — coast of California (gift). McCORMICK, COL. ROBERT R., Chicago. 1 mounted ruffed bustard — Sahara Desert, Algeria (gift). McCREA, W. S., Chicago. 7 gizzard shad, Illinois (gift). 3 photographs of whale (gift). MOSS, REV. A. MILES, Para, Brazil. 1 dragonfly — Para, Brazil (gift). NEW YORK CONSERVATION COMMISSION, Albany, New York. 1 Chautauqua Lake muskallonge — New York (gift). OLSSON, AXEL, Gloversville, New York. 5 lizards, 2 snakes — Piura, Peru (gift) OTTOFY, DR. LOUIS, Chicago. 1 Korean spaniel (gift). PERRY, MRS. C. N., Chicago. 2 shells — off coast of Florida (gift). PRAY, LEON L., Chicago. 1 mud turtle — Homewood, Illinois (gift). 1 hybrid pickerel — Ithaca, New York (gift). QUEENSLAND MUSEUM, Australia. 3 Australian lung-fishes (exchange). ROTHSCHILD’S DEPT. STORE AQUARIUM, Chicago. 1 17 fishes, 5 amphibians, 2 snakes, 1 lizard, 7 insects (gift). 1 small-mouth bass — Sandusky, Ohio (gift). 31 salamanders, lizards, turtles, snakes — Florida, Texas, Arizona (gift). 1 soft-shelled turtle — Phoenix, Arizona (gift). 2 snakes — Florida (gift). RUDHMAN, MRS. E., Delhi, Cal- ifornia. 5 sand crickets — Delhi, California (gift). ST. JOHN’S COLLEGE, Belize, British Honduras. 2 centipedes, 4 scorpions, 8 crusta- ceans, 30 fishes, 103 amphibians and reptiles, 5 mammals, 5 mammal skulls, 6 bird’s eggs — British Honduras (gift). SCHMIDT, F. J. W., Stanley, Wis- consin. 1 ring-necked snake — Stanley, Wis- consin (gift). 7 snakes, 27 frogs — Clark County, Wisconsin (gift). SCHMIDT, KARL P., Chicago. 1 tree frog — Lakehurst, New Jersey, (gift). 1 snake, 137 frogs, 475 fishes — Clark County, Wisconsin (gift). 1 toad — Monte Cristi, Santo Do- mingo (gift). 3 centepedes — Creston, Louisiana (gift). SHOLAR, WENCEL, Peru, Illinois. 2 red-tailed hawks, Peru, Illinois (gift). SLAGG, PROF. W. E., Eau Clair, Wisconsin. 1 Northern skink — Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin (gift). SOMMERMEYER, CLIFTON, River Forest, Illinois. i hornet's nest — River Forest, Illi- nois (gift). 236 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. SOUTHERN BIOLOGICAL SUPPLY COMPANY, New Orleans, Louisiana. 80 fishes — Tammany Parish, Louisi- ana (gift). 650 fishes — Louisiana and Gulf of Mexico (gift). TYRRELL, W. B., Chicago. 1 bat — Chicago (gift). U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, Wash- ington, D. C. 1 flounder — Oahu Island, Hawaii (exchange) WALLER, DR. S. M., San Pedro Sula, Honduras. 3 birds — San Pedro Sula (gift). WEED, ALFRED C., Chicago. 42 fishes, 15 cricket frogs, 6 tadpoles — New Lenox, Illinois (gift). 367 fishes — Marley, Illinois (gift). 9 mosquitoes, 3 frogs, 1 salamander larva — Chicago, Illinois (gift). WEED, A. C., SUM, G., AND BICHELE, J., Chicago. 255 fishes — Marley, Illinois (gift). WICKS, L. A., Chicago. 1 beetle — Waverly Beach, Indiana (gift). WILLIAMSON, JESSE, H., Bluffton, Indiana. 99 dragonflies — Central and South America (gift). WISCONSIN CONSERVATION COMMISSION, Madison, Wis- consin. 1 muskallonge — Vilas County, Wisr consin (gift). WOLCOTT, A. B., Chicago. 1 fly, 3 moths — Chicago (gift). WYATT, ALEX K., Chicago. 1 fly, Elizabeth, New Jersey (gift). SECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Made by Section: 9,156 prints, 1,004 negatives, 526 lantern slides. Made by F. C. Cole: 99 negatives of Malaysian natives, villages, landscapes. Made by J. A. Mason: 60 films, negatives of Columbian natives, villages, landscapes. DE VRY CORPORATION. 4 negatives of Egyptian subjects. ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO. 18 photographs of types of natives of Australia. 18 photographs of types of natives of India. McILHENNY, E. A., Chicago. 1 moving picture reel. MILLSPAUGH, DR. C. F. 2 negatives of beetles imbedded in Amber. PRATT, GEORGE D., Brooklyn, N. Y. 14 moving picture reels. THE LIBRARY LIST OF DONORS AND EXCHANGES (Accessions are by exchange, unless otherwise designated) AFRICA: East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society, Nairobi. Geological Society, Johannesburg. Institut d’ Egypte, Cairo. Ministry of Public Works, Cairo. Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg. Rhodesia Scientific Society, Bulawayo. Royal Society of South Africa, Cape Town. Societe de Geographie d’Alger. Societe d’Histoire Naturelle de l’Afri- que du Nord, Algeria. Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc. South African Association for the Advancement of Science, Cape Town. South African Department of Agricul- ture, Pretoria. South African Museum, Cape Town. Transvaal Museum, Pretoria. Jan./ 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 237 ARGENTINA: Museo de La Plata. Museo National, Buenos Aires. Sociedad Ornitoldgica del Plata, Buenos Aires. Universidad Nacional, Buenos Aires. AUSTRALIA: Australian Museum, Sydney. Botanic Gardens and Government Domains, Sydney. Commonwealth of Australia, Mel- bourne. Department of Agriculture, Adelaide. Department of Agriculture, Sydney. Department of Agriculture, W ellington . Department of Mines, Brisbane. Department of Mines, Sydney. Field Naturalists’ Club, Melbourne. Fish Commission of New South Wales, Sydney. Forestry Commission, Sydney (gift). Geological Survey of Western Aus- tralia, Perth. Institute of Science and Industry, Sydney. Linnean Society of New South Wales, Sydney. Melbourne University. National Herbarium, Melbourne. Ornithological Society of South Aus- tralia, Adelaide. Public Library, Museum and Art Gallery, Adelaide. Public Library, Museum and National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne. Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Royal Geographical Society of Aus- tralasia, Brisbane. Royal Society of New South Wales, Sydney. Royal Society of Queensland, Brisbane. Royal Society of South Australia, Adelaide. Royal Society of Tasmania, Hobart. Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne. Royal Society of Western Australia, Perth. . South Australian Museum, Adelaide. Victoria Department of Agriculture, Melbourne. Western Australia Geological Survey, Perth. AUSTRIA: Naturhistorisches Hofmuseum, Vienna. Naturhistorisches Landesmuseum von Karnten, Klagenfurt. Universitat, Vienna. Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft, Vienna. Zoologisches Institut, Graz. BELGIUM: Academie Royale de Belgique, Brus- sels. Institut Botanique Leo Errera, Brus- sels. Jardin Botanique de l’Etat, Brussels. Ministere des Colonies, Brussels. Musee Royale d’Histoire Naturelle, Brussels. N ederlandsche Phy topathologische (Plantenziekten) V ereeniging, Ghent. Societe de Botanique, Brussels. Society Royale d’Archeologie, Brus- sels. Vereenigingen Kruidkundig Genoot- schap Dodonaea, Ghent. BRAZIL: Academia Brasileira de Sciencias, Rio de Janeiro. Biblioteca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medicina, Veterinaria, Rio de Janeiro. Exposigao do Centenario, Rio de Janeiro. Jardim Botanico, Rio de Janeiro. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. Museu Paulista, Sao Paulo. Sociedade Brasileira de Sciencias, Rio de Janeiro. BRITISH GUIANA: Board of Agriculture, Georgetown. Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society, Demerara. CANADA: Canadian Arctic Expedition, Ottawa (gift). Chief Game Guardian of Saskatche- wan, Regina. Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. Department of Agriculture, Victoria. Department of Mines, Ontario, Tor- onto. Department of Mines, Ottawa. Department of the Interior, Geolog- ical Survey, Ottawa. Entomological Society of Ontario, Toronto. Hamilton Association. Horticultural Societies, Toronto. Minister of Education, Ontario, Toronto. Provincial Museum, Toronto. Provincial Museum, Victoria. Royal Canadian Institute, Toronto. Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa. Societe de Geographic, Quebec. University of Toronto. CEYLON: Colombo Museum. 238 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. CHILE: Museo de Etnologia y Antropologia, Santiago. Museo Nacional de Chile, Santiago. CHINA: Botany and Forestry Department, Hong-Kong. Geological Survey, Pekin. Royal Asiatic Society of North China, Shanghai. Science Society of China, Shanghai (gift). University of Nanking. CZECHO-SLO VAKIA : National Museum Library, Prag. Societas Entomologica Bohemica, Prag. Universita Karlova, Prag. DENMARK: Danske Kunstindustrimuseum, Co- penhagen. Naturhistorisk Forening, Copenhagen. Royal Society of Northern Anti- quaries, Copenhagen. Societe Botanique, Copenhagen. ECUADOR: Academia Nacional de Historia, Quito. FEDERATED MALAY STATES: Federated Malay States Museum, Kuala Lumpur. FIJI ISLANDS: Fijian Society, Suva. FINLAND: Abo Akademi. Finnish Archaeological Society, Helsingfors. Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, Helsingfors. FRANCE: Academie des Sciences, Paris. Ecole d’Anthropologie, Paris. Ministere de 1’ Instruction Publique, Paris (gift). Musee Guimet, Paris. Museum National d’Histoire Na- turelle, Paris. La Nature, Paris. Societe d’Etude des Sciences Na- turelles, Reims. Societe d’Etudes Scientifiques, Angers. Societe d’Histoire Naturelle, Toulouse. Society d’Horticulture, Paris. Societe de Geographie, Paris. Societe de Geographie, Toulouse. Societe des Americanistes, Paris. Societe des Sciences Naturelles de Sa6ne-et-Loire, Chalon-sur Saone. Societe G6ologique du Nord, Lille. Societe Linguistique de Paris. Societe Linneenne, Bordeaux. Societe Nationale d’Agriculture, Sciences et Arts, Angers. Societe Nationale d’Horticulture de France, Paris. Societe Royale des Sciences, Liege. Societe Zoologique, Paris. Universite de Montpellier. Institut de Zoologie, Cette. Universite de Rennes. GERMANY: Bayerische Akademie der Wissen- schaften, Munich. Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum, Berlin. Botanischer Verein der Provinz Brandenburg, Berlin. Deutsche Dendrologische Gesellschaft, Bonn-Poppelsdorf. Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Anthro- pologie, Ethnologie und Urge- schichte, Berlin. Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesell- schaft, Leipzig. Deutscher Seefischerei Verein, Berlin. Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Berlin. Geographische Gesellschaft, Hamburg. Gesellschaft fur Erdkunde, Berlin. Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Ges- amten Naturwissenschaften, Mar- burg. Hamburgische Universitat. K. Museum fur Volkskunde, Berlin. K. Preussische Akademie der Wiss- enschaften, Berlin. K. Universitats Bibliothek, Marburg. K. Universitats Bibliothek, Munich. K. Zoologisches Anthropologisch- Ethnographisches Museum, Dres- den. K. Zoologisches Museum, Berlin. Museum fur Volkerkunde, Hamburg. Museum fur Volkerkunde, Leipzig. Nassauischer Verein fur Naturkunde, Wiesbaden. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Frei- burg. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Gorlitz. Naturhistorische Gesellschaft, Num- berg. N aturwissenschaf tliche Gesellschaft , Dresden. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein, Bre- men. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein, Karls- ruhe. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fur Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fur Steiermark, Graz. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein zu Osnabriick,. Ornithologische Gesellschaft in Bay- ern, Munich. Rheinische Mission-Gessellschaft, Bar- men. Schlesische Gesellschaft fiir Vater- landische Cultur, Breslau. Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Frankfurt a-M. Wurttembergische Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften, Tubingen. Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg. GREAT BRITAIN: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. Birmingham Natural History and Philosophical Society. Bristol Museum and Gallery. British Museum, London. British Museum (Natural History), London. Cambridge Antiquarian Society. Cambridge Philosophical Society. Cambridge University. Cardiff Naturalists’ Society. Challenger Society, London. Dove Marine Laboratory, Cullercoats. Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society, Dumfries. Fisheries Board, Edinburgh. Geological Society, Edinburgh. Geological Society, Liverpool. Great Britain Geological Survey, London. Horniman Museum and Library, London. Hull Municipal Museum. Imperial Bureau of Entomology, London. Imperial College of Science and Tech- nology, London. Japan Society of London. Lancashire' Sea Fisheries Laboratory, Liverpool. Linnean Society, London. Liverpool Biological Society. London Library. Manchester Field Naturalists’ and Archaeologists’ Society. Manchester Geographical Society. Manchester Literary and Philosophi- cal Society. Manchester Museum. Marine Biological Association, Ply- mouth. National Library of Wales, Aberyst- wyth. National Museum of Wales, Cardiff. 239 Natural History and Philosophical Society, Brighton and Hove. Natural History and Philosophical Society, Croydon. Natural History Society, Glasgow. Natural History Society of North- umberland, Durham and Newcastle- on-Tyne, Newcastle. Oriental Ceramic Society, London. Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, London. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Royal Colonial Institute, London. Royal Geographical Society, London. Royal Horticultural Society, London. Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh. Royal Society, London. Royal Society of Arts, London. Royal Society of Edinburgh. South London Entomological and Natural History Society, London. Tring Zoological Museum. Victoria and Albert Museum, London. Wellcome Chemical Research Labor- atories, London. Zoological Society of London. Zoological Society of Scotland. HUNGARY: Hungarian Institute of Ornithology, Budapest. Magyar Termeszettudomanyi Tdrsu- lat, Budapest. Museum Nationale Hungaricum, Budapest. INDIA: Anthropological Society, Bombay. Archaeological Department, Madras. Archaeological Survey, Allahabad. Archaeological Survey, Burma, Ran- goon. Archaeological Survey, Calcutta. Archaeological Survey, Eastern Cir- cle, Patna. Archaeological Survey, Frontier Cir- cle, Peshawar. Archaeological Survey of Burma, Lahore. Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta. Bihar and Orissa Research Society, Patna. Department of Agriculture, Bombay. Department of Agriculture, Madras. Department of Agriculture, Poona. Department of Agriculture, Pusa. Geological Survey, Calcutta. Government of India, Calcutta. Government, Cinchona Plantation, Calcutta. Government Museum, Madras. Indian Museum, Calcutta. 240 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Journal of Indian Botany, Madras. National Indian Association, Cal- cutta (gift). Royal Asiatic Society, North China Branch, Shanghai. Royal Asiatic Society, Straits Branch, Singapore. Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta. University of Calcutta. Victoria and Albert Museum, Bombay. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. IRELAND: Belfast Naturalists’ Field Club. Department of Agriculture, Scientific Investigations, Dublin. Geological Survey, Dublin. National Museum of Science and Art, Dublin. Natural History and Philosophical Society, Belfast. Royal Irish Academy, Dublin. Royal Dublin Society. ITALY: Accademia _ delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche, Naples. Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali, Catania. Istituto Botanica, Universita di Pavia. Istituto Geografico de Agostini, Novara. Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria, Portici. Musei Zoologiae ed Anatomia Com- parata, Turin. Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genoa. R. Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. R. Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome. R. Orto Botanico Giardino Coloniale, Palermo. R. Scuola Superiore di Agricoltura, Portici. R. Societa Geografica Italiana, Rome. Society di Scienze Naturali ed Econo- miche, Palermo. Society Geologica Italiana, Rome. Society Italiana d’Antropologia e Etnologia, Florence. Society Italiana de Scienze Naturali, Milan. Society Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Pisa. JAPAN: Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Natur-und Volkerkunde Ostasiens, Tokyo. Educational Museum, Tokyo. Geological Society, Tokyo. Imperial University, Taihoku. Imperial University of Tokyo, College of Science. Ornithological Society, Tokyo. Tokyo Botanical Society. JAVA: Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kun- sten en Wetenschappen, Batavia. Department of Agriculture, Buiten- zorg. Encyclopaedisch Bureau, Weltevre- den. Jardin Botanique, Weltevreden. Java Instituut, Weltevreden. K. Natuurkundige Vereeniging in Nederlandsch-Indie, Weltevreden. MEXICO: Instituto Geologico de Mexico. Museo Nacional de Arqueologia, His- toria y Etnografia, Mexico. Secretaria de Agricultura y Fomento. Direccion de Antropologia, Mexico. Sociedad Cientifica “Antonio Alzate,” Mexico. Sociedad Geologica Mexicana, Mexico. NETHERLANDS: Directie van den Landbouw, Hague. Koloniaal Instituut, Amsterdam,. K. Akademie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam. K. Instituut voor de Taal-Land-en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch Indie, Hague. K. Nederlandsch Aardijkundig Ge- nootschap, Amsterdam. Museum voor Land-en Volkenkunde en Maritiem Museum “Prinz Hen- drik,” Rotterdam. Nederlandsche Dierkunde Vereenig- ing, Leiden. N ederlandsche Phy topathologische Vereeniging, Wageningen. Rijks Ethnographisch Museum, Lei- den. Rijks Hoogere Land-Tuin-en Bosch- bouwschool, Wageningen. Rijks Musuem van Natuurlijke His- toric, Leiden. Universiteit van Amsterdam, Biblio- thek. NEW ZEALAND: Acclimatisation Society, Wellington. Auckland Institute and Museum, Wellington. Canterbury Museum, Christchurch. Department of Agriculture, Welling- ton. Department of Mines, Wellington. Dominion Museum, Wellington. Geological Survey, Wellington. New Zealand Board of Science and Art, Wellington. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLIV. TYPE OF CASE LOANED TO SCHOOLS BY THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION OF FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. One sixth actual size. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 241 NORWAY: Bergen Museum. Norges Geologiske Underskoelse, Christiania. Physiographiske Forening i Christi- ania. Tromso Museum. PERU: Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Minas, Lima. Sociedad Geografica, Lima. POLAND: Musei Polonici Historiae Naturales, Warsaw. Societe Botanique de Pologne, War- saw. Societe Scientifique de Poznan. PORTUGAL: Biblioteca Nacional, Lisbon. Collegio de San Fiel, Braga. Societe Portugaise des Sciences Na- tu relies, Lisbon. RUSSIA: Academie Imperiale des Sciences, Petrograd. Universitat Dorpatensis. SPAIN: Collegio de Pasaje, La Guardia. Institucio Catalana d’Historia Na- tural, Barcelona. Instituto General y Tecnico, Valencia. Junta de Ciencies Naturals, Barcelona. Junta para Ampliacion de Estudios e Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid. R. Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, Madrid. R. Academia de Ciencias y Artes, Barcelona. Sociedad Espanola de Historia Na- tural, Madrid. SWEDEN: K. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien, Stockholm. K. Vetenskaps-och Vitterhets Sam- halle, Goteborg. K. Vitterhets Historic och Antikvitets Akademien, Stockholm. Lunds Universitet. Regia Societas Scientiarum Upsal- iensis. Svenska Sallskapet for Antropologi och Geografi, Stockholm. Universitet Biblioteket, Upsala. SWITZERLAND: Botanisches Museum, Zurich. Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques, Geneva. Geographisch-Ethnographische Gesell- schaft, Zurich. Historisches Museum, Bern. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Basel. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Bern. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Zurich. Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel. Ostschweizerische Geograph-Commer- cielle Gesellschaft, St. Gallen. Societe Helvetique des Sciences Na- turelles, Bern. Societe de Physique et d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva. Societe Entomologique, Bern. Societe Fribourgeoise des Sciences Naturelles, Fribourg. Societe Neuchateloise de Geographic. Universitat, Bern. VENEZUELA: Cultura Venezolana, Caracas. WEST INDIES: Academia Nacional de Artes y Letras, Havana. Agricultural Experiment Station, Porto Rico. Biblioteca Nacional, Havana. Department of Agriculture of Jamaica, Kingston. Imperial Department of Agriculture, Barbados. Trinidad and Tobago Department of Agriculture, Port of Spain. Universidad de Habana. Ahl, Ernst, Berlin. Amalgamated Press, London (gift). Berg, Bengt, Stockholm (gift). Beyer, Hermann, Mexico (gift). Boman, Eric, Buenos Aires (gift). Camus, A., Paris (gift). Carpenter, G. H., Dublin. Charlesworth and Company, Hay- wards Heath (gift). Dunod, H., Paris. Faura y Sans, M., Barcelona (gift). Fritsch, Karl, Graz. Gadeau de Kerville, Henri, Paris (gift). Gaumer, George F., Mexico (gift). Gleerup, C. W. K., Lund. Herrera, Alfonso L., Mexico. Huard, A., Quebec. Janet, Charles, Paris. Joyce, T. A., London. Koch-Griinberg, Theodor, Stuttgart (gift). Laubmann, A., Munich (gift). Loesener, T., (gift). Loubat, Due de, Paris. MacRitchie, David, Edinburgh. Maiden, J. H., Sydney. Martelli, Ugolini, Pisa. Outes, Felix F., Buenos Aires. 24 2 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Pittier, Henri, Caracas. Ramirez Goyena, Miguel, Managua (gift). Reyes, Cesar, Buenos Aires (gift). Richter, Rudolph, Frankfurt a. M. (gift). Rivas Vicuna, Francisco, Bern (gift). Rivet, P., Paris. Roth, Walter E., Georgetown. Sapir, Edward, Ottawa. Schinz, Hans, Zurich (gift). Strehlneek, E. A., Shanghai. Stresemann, E., Berlin. Weber, Friedrich, Leipzig (gift). Widder, Felix J., Graz (gift). Wiilfing, E. A., Heidelberg. Zimanyi, Karoly, Budapest. Zulueta, Francis de, Oxford (gift). ALABAMA: Anthropological Society, Montgomery. Department of Conservation, Mont- gomery. Geological Survey, University. CALIFORNIA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Berkeley. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. Citrus Experiment Station, Riverside. Cooper Ornithological Club, Holly- wood. Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery, San Gabriel (gift). Pomona College, Claremont. Scripps Institution of Biological Re- search, La Jolla. Southern California Academy of Sci- ences, Los Angeles. Southwest Museum, Los Angeles. Stanford University. State Board of Forestry, Sacramento. State Mining Bureau, Sacramento. University of California, Berkeley. COLORADO: Bureau of Mines, Denver. Colorado College, Colorado Springs. Colorado Museum of Natural History, Denver. Colorado Scientific Society, Denver. Colorado University, Boulder. State Historical and Natural History Society, Denver. CONNECTICUT: Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. American Oriental Society, New Haven. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Haven. Hartford Public Library. Peabody Museum, New Haven. State Geological and Natural History Survey, Hartford. Wesleyan University, Middletown. Yale University, New Haven. GEORGIA: Central of Georgia Railway, Savannah (gift). Geological Survey, Atlanta. HAWAII: Agricultural Experiment Station, Hon- olulu. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry, Honolulu. Hawaiian Entomological Society, Honolulu. Hawaiian Historical Society, Honolulu. IDAHO: Mining Industry, Boise. State Historical Society of Idaho, Boise. University of Idaho, Moscow. ILLINOIS: Agricultural Experiment Station, Ur- bana. Art Institute of Chicago. Audubon Society, Chicago. Augustana College and Theological Seminary, Rock Island. Board of Education, Chicago. Chicago Historical Society. Chicago Public Library. Division of Natural History Survey, Urbana. Hardwood Record, Chicago (gift). John Crerar Library, Chicago. Lake Forest College. Newberry Library, Chicago. Northwestern University, Evanston. Open Court Publishing Company, Chicago. State Academy of Science, Springfield. State Board of Agriculture, Spring- field. State Geological Survey, Urbana. State Historical Library, Springfield. State Water Survey, Urbana. Superintendent of Public Instruction, Springfield. Sweet, Wallach and Company, Chi- cago (gift). University of Chicago. University of Illinois, Urbana. West Chicago Park Commissioners. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 243 INDIANA: Academy of Science, Indianapolis. Department of Conservation, Indian- apolis. Indiana University, Bloomington. Legislative Reference Bureau, Indian- apolis. Purdue University, Lafayette. University of Notre Dame. IOWA: Academy of Science, Des Moines. Ames Forestry Club. Horticultural Society, Des Moines. Iowa Geological Survey, Des Moines. Iowa State College, Ames. University of Iowa, Iowa City. KANSAS: Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan. State Board of Agriculture, Topeka. State Geological Survey, Lawrence. University of Kansas, Lawrence. KENTUCKY: Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisville. LOUISIANA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Baton Rouge. Department of Conservation, New Orleans. MAINE: Agricultural Experiment Station, Orono. Bowdoin College, Brunswick. Portland Public Library. MARYLAND: Agricultural Experiment Station, College Park. Maryland Geological Survey, Balti- more. MASSACHUSETTS: Agricultural Experiment Station, Am- herst. American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Boston. American Antiquarian Society, Worcester. Bermuda Biological Station, Cam- bridge. Boston Public Library. Boston Society of Natural History. Harvard College, Museum of Com- parative Zoology, Cambridge. Harvard University. Arnold Arbore- tum, Jamaica Plain. Harvard University. Gray Herba- rium, Cambridge. Massachusetts Horticultural Society, Boston. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. New Bedford Free Public Library. Peabody Institute. Peabody Museum, Cambridge. Peabody Museum, Salem. Phillips Academy, Andover. Salem Public Library. Smith College, Northampton. Springfield City Library Association. Springfield Natural History Museum. Tufts College. Williams College, Williamstown. MICHIGAN: Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College. Chamberlain Memorial Museum, Three Oaks. Detroit Institute of Art. Geological and Natural History Sur- vey, Lansing. Grand Rapids Public Library. Michigan Academy of Science, Ann Arbor. Michigan College of Mines, Houghton. Michigan State Library, Lansing. State Board of Agriculture, Lansing. State Board of Library Commissions, Lansing. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. MINNESOTA: Agricultural Experiment Station, University Farm. Minneapolis Institute of Arts. Minnesota Geological Survey, Min- neapolis. Minnesota Historical Society, Saint Paul. Saint Paul Institute. State Entomologist, University Farm. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. MISSISSIPPI: Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College. MISSOURI: Agricultural Experiment Station, Columbia. City Art Museum, Saint Louis. Missouri Botanic Garden, Saint Louis. Missouri Historical Society, Columbia. Saint Louis Academy of Science. Saint Louis Public Library. Saint Louis University. University of Missouri. School of Mines, Rolla. Washington University, Saint Louis. MONTANA: University of Montana, Missoula. 244 Field Museum of Natural NEBRASKA: University of Nebraska, Lincoln. NEVADA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Reno. NEW JERSEY: Agricultural Experiment Station, Trenton. Department of Conservation and De- velopment, Trenton. Newark Museums Association. Princeton University. NEW MEXICO: New Mexico Museum, Santa Fe. NEW YORK: Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva. American Geographical Society, New York City. American Museum of Natural History, New York City. Asia Publishing Company, New York City. Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. Carnegie Foundation for the Ad- vancement of Teaching, New York City (gift). Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York City. Cornell University, Ithaca. Forest and Stream Publishing Com- pany, New York City. Inter- American Magazine, New York City (gift). Japan Society, New York City. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City. Museum of the American Indian, New York City. New York Academy of Sciences, New York City. New York Botanical Garden, New York City. New York Historical Society, New York City. Pratt Institute Free Library, New York City. Public Library, New York City. Rochester Academy of Science. Rockefeller Foundation, New York City. State College of Forestry, Syracuse. State Library, Albany. State Museum, Albany. Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences, New York City. History — Reports, Vol. VI. Stone Publishing Company, New York City. University of the State of New York, Albany. Zoological Society, New York City. NORTH CAROLINA: Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, Chapel Hill. NORTH DAKOTA: University of North Dakota, Univer- sity. OHIO: Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster. Cincinnati Museum Association. Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Public Library. Denison University, Granville. Geological Survey, Columbus. State Archaeological and Historical Society, Columbus. State University, Columbus. University of Cincinnati. Wilson Ornithological Club, Oberlin. OREGON: Agricultural Experiment Station, Cor- vallis. University of Oregon, Eugene. PENNSYLVANIA: American Philosophical Society, Phila- delphia. Association of Engineering Societies, Philadelphia. Bryn Mawr College. Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh. Carnegie Library, Pittsburgh. Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh. Delaware County Institute of Science, Media. Dropsie College, Philadelphia. Engineers’ Society of Western Penn- sylvania, Pittsburgh. Franklin Institute, Philadelphia. Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Philadelphia. Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art, Philadelphia. Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. Philadelphia Commercial Museum. Sullivant Moss Society, Pittsburgh. University of Pennsylvania, Phila- delphia. University of Pennsylvania, Museum, Philadelphia. Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia. Wyoming Historical and Geological Society, Wilkes-Barre. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 245 PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Bureau of Education, Manila. Department of Agriculture, Manila. Department of Agriculture and Nat- ural Resources, Manila. Department of Interior, Bureau of Science, Manila. RHODE ISLAND: Park Museum, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA: Charleston Museum. SOUTH DAKOTA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Brookings. Geological and Natural History Sur- vey, Vermilion. TENNESSEE: Department of Education. Division of Geology, Nashville. TEXAS: Agricultural Experiment Station, Col- lege Station. Scientific Society of San Antonio. University of Texas, Austin. VERMONT: Agricultural Experiment Station, Bur- lington. State Forester, Montpelier. VIRGINIA: State Library, Richmond. University of Virginia, Charlottesville. Virginia Geological Survey, Char- lottesville. Virginia State Forester, Charlottesville. WASHINGTON: Department of Conservation and Development. Division of Geology, Olympia. Washington Geological Survey, Pull- man. Washington University, Seattle. Washington University, Historical Society, Seattle. WASHINGTON, D. C: American Association for the Advance- ment of Science (gift). American Mining Congress. Association for the Study of Negro Life and History. Carnegie Institution of Washington .(gift). Library of Congress. National Academy of Sciences. National Education Association (gift). National Zoological Park. Pan American Union. Smithsonian Institution. United States Government. United States National Museum. WEST VIRGINIA: State Department of Agriculture, Charleston. West Virginia University, Morgan- town. WISCONSIN: Agricultural Experiment Station, Madison. Beloit College. Geological and Natural History Sur- vey, Madison. Public Museum of Milwaukee. State Horticultural Society, Madison. University of Wisconsin, Madison. Allen, Thomas G., Chicago (gift). Ames, Oakes, Boston. Ayer, Edward E., Chicago (gift). Bailey, L. H., Ithaca. Baker, Frank C., Urbana. Blatchley, W. S., Indianapolis. Brennan, George A., Chicago (gift). Britton, Elizabeth G., New York City (gift). Chalmers, W. J., Chicago (gift). Cockerell, T. D. A., Boulder. Cook, Melville T., Rio Piedras. Davies, D. C., Chicago (gift). Davis, William T., New Brighton (gift). Dixon, Roland B., Cambridge. Edgerton, William F., Chicago (gift). Engelmann, W. F., Chicago (gift). Evans, Alexander W., New Haven. Farwell, Oliver A., Detroit (gift). Field, Stanley, Chicago (gift). Gault, B. T., Glen Ellyn. Gerhard, W. J., Chicago (gift). Goldnamer, William E., Chicago (gift). Greenman, Jesse M., Saint Louis (gift). Gunsaulus, Helen C., Chicago (gift). Holzinger, J. M., Winona (gift). Lewis, A. B., Chicago. McCormick, L. Hamilton, Chicago (gift). MacCurdy, George Grant, New Haven. Macfarlane, J. M., Philadelphia (gift). Meyers, George S., Jersey City (gift). Millspaugh, C. F., Chicago. Millspaugh, Mrs. C. F., Chicago (gift). Osborn, Henry T., New York City. Payne, John Barton, Chicago (gift). Penrose, R. A. F., Philadelphia (gift). Ramey, Fred, East Saint Louis. Robb, Mrs. George W., Borden (gift). Schaffner, John F., Columbus (gift). Springer, Frank, Las Vegas. Strong, R. M., Chicago. Todd, W. E. C., Pittsburgh. Trelease, William, Urbana. Weed, Alfred C., Chicago (gift). Weiss, Harry B., New Jersey. Weld, Lewis H., Washington (gift). Wolcott, A. B., Chicago (gift). 246 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION STATE OF ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF STATE William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State. To All to Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting: Whereas, a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, a. d. 1893, for the organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO, under and in ac- cordance with the provisions of “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy of which certificate is hereto attached. Now, therefore, I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized Corporation under the laws of this State. In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the Great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the Independence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth. W. H. HINRICHSEN, [Seal] Secretary of State. TO HON. WILLIAM FI. HINRICHSEN, Secretary of State: Sir: We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a cor- poration under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof ; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby state as follows, to wit: 1. The name of such corporation is the “COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO.” 2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dis- semination of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illus- trating Art, Archaeology, Science and Flistory. 3. The management of the aforesaid museum shall be vested in a Board of Fifteen (15) Trustees, five of whom are to be elected every year. 4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the first year of its corporate existence : Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 247 Edward E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davis, Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock, Emil G. Hirsch, James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, O. F. Aldis, Edwin Walker, John C. Black and Frank W. Gunsaulus. 5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook, and State of Illinois. {Signed), George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert McCurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchinson, Ebenezer Buckingham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H. Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Franklin H. Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers, Thomas B. Bryan, L. Z. Leiter, A. C. Bartlett, A. A. Sprague, A. C. McClurg, James W. Scott, Geo. F. Bissell, John R. Walsh, Chas. Fitzsimmons, John A. Roche, E. B. McCagg, Owen F. Aldis, Ferdinand W. Peck, James H. Dole, Joseph Stockton, Edward B. Butler, John McConnell, R. A. Waller, H. C. Chatfield-Taylor, A. Crawford, Wm. Sooy Smith, P. S. Peterson, John C. Black, Jno. J. Mitchell, C. F. Gunther, George R. Davis, Stephen A. Forbes, Robert W. Patterson, Jr., M. C. Bullock, Edwin Walker, George M. Pullman, William E. Curtis, James W. Ellsworth, William E. Hale, Wm. T. Baker, Martin A. Ryerson, Huntington W. Jackson, N. B. Ream, Norman Williams, Melville E. Stone, Bryan Lathrop, Eliphalet W. Blatchford, Philip D. Armour. State of Illinois 1 J- gg Cook County J I, G. R. Mitchell, a Notary Public in and for said County, do hereby certify that the foregoing petitioners personally appeared before me and acknowledged severally that they signed the foregoing petition as their free and voluntary act for the uses and purposes therein set forth. Given under my hand and notarial seal this 14th day of September, 1893. G. R. MITCHELL, [Seal] Notary Public, Cook County, III. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held the 25th day of June, 1894, the name of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM. A certificate to this effect was filed June 26, 1894, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held the 8th day of November, 1905, the name of the FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. A certificate to this effect was filed November 10, 1905, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. CHANGE IN ARTICLE 3. Pursuant to a resolution at a meeting of the corporate members held the 10th day of May, 1920, the management of FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY shall be invested in a Board of Twenty-one (21) Trustees, who shall be elected in such manner and for such time and term of office as may be provided for by the By-Laws. A certificate to this effect was filed May 21, 1920, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. 248 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. AMENDED BY-LAWS April 16, 1923 ARTICLE 1. MEMBERS Section i. Members shall be of seven classes, Corporate Members, Hon- orary Members, Patrons, Life Members, Associate Members, Sustaining Mem- bers, and Annual Members. Section 2. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recom- mendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such person named in the articles of incorporation shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of twenty ($20.00) dollars or more. Corporate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or Honorary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annual meetings of said Corporate Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual meeting of the Board of Trustees is held. Section 3. Honorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous nomination of the Executive Committee. They shall be exempt from all dues. Section 4. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent service to the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members. Section 5. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of five hundred ($500.00) dollars, at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that are accorded to mem- bers of the Board of Trustees. Section 6. Any person paying into the treasury of the Museum the sum of one hundred ($100.00) dollars, at any one time, shall upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become an Associate Member. Associate Members shall be entitled to : tickets admitting member and members of family, including non-resident home guests ; all publications of the Museum, if so desired ; reserved seats to all lectures and entertainments under the auspices of the Museum, provided reservation is requested in advance; and admission of holder of membership and accompanying party to all special exhibits and Museum functions day or evening. Section 7. Sustaining Members shall consist of such persons as are selected from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall pay an annual fee of twenty-five ($25.00) dollars, payable within thirty days after notice of election and within thirty days after each recurring annual date. This Sustaining Membership entitles the member to free admission for the member and family to Museum on any day and allows 25 admission coupons, FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, REPORTS, PLATE XLV, Zjri Iv-rl/iTi ROYAL SARONG OR SKIRT WOVEN IN GOLD THREADS, PERAK MALAY ARTHUR B. JONES EXPEDITION TO MALAYSIA 1922-23. 78 x 36 inches. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 249 which may be used by any one, the Annual Report and such other Museum documents or publications as may be requested in writing. When a Sustaining Member has paid the annual fee of $25.00 for six years, such member shall be entitled to become an Associate Member. Section 8. Annual Members shall consist of such persons as are selected from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall pay an annual fee of ten ($10.00) dollars, payable within thirty days after each recurring annual date. An Annual Membership shall entitle the member to a card of admission for the member and family during all hours when the Museum is open to the public, and free admission for the member and family to all Museum lectures or entertainments. This membership will also entitle the holder to the courtesies of the membership privileges of every Museum of note in the United States and Canada, so long as the existing sys- tem of cooperative interchange of membership tickets shall be maintained, including tickets for any lectures given under the auspices of any of the Museums during a visit to the cities in which the cooperative museums are located. ARTICLE II. BOARD OF TRUSTEES Section i. The Board of Trustees shall consist of twenty-one members. The respective members of the Board now in office, and those who shall here- after be elected, shall hold office during life. Vacancies occurring in the Board shall be filled at a regular meeting of the Board, upon the nomination of the Executive Committee made at a preceding regular meeting of the Board, by a majority vote of the members of the Board present. Section 2. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held monthly. Special meetings may be called at any time by the President, and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request of three Trustees. Five Trustees shall constitute a quorum, except for the election of officers or the adoption of the Annual Budget, when seven Trustees shall be required, but meetings may be adjourned by any less number from day to day, or to a day fixed, previous to the next regular meeting. Section 3. Reasonable written notice- ^oignating the time and place of holding meetings, shall be given by the Secretary. ARTICLE III. HONORARY TRUSTEES Section i. As a mark of respect, and in appreciation of services performed for the Institution, those Trustees who by reason of inability, on account of change of residence, or for other cause or from indisposition to serve longer in such capacity shall resign their place upon the Board, may be elected, by a majority of those present at any regular meeting of the Board, an Honorary Trustee for life. Such Honorary Trustee will receive notice of all meetings of the Board of Trustees, whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not have the right to vote. ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS Section 1. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a Second Vice-President, a Third Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secre- tary and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President, 250 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. the First Vice-President, the Second Vice-President, and the Third Vice-Presi- dent shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the third Monday of January of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting. Section 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their suc- cessors are elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting. Section 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE V. THE treasurer Section i. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corpor- aton except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents, or any member of the Finance Committee. Section 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the cor- poration shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect the income and principal of said securities as the same become due, and pay same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the joint order of the following officers, namely The President or one of the Vice-Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance Committee of the Museum. Section 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such sureties as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees. Section 4. The Harris Trust & Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Cus- todian of “The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum” fund. The bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice- Presidents, or any member of the Finance Committee. ARTICLE VI. THE DIRECTOR Section i. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum, who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have im- mediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations of the Institution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Committees. The Director shall be the official medium of communication be- tween the Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force. Section 2. There shall be four scientific departments of the Museum — Anthropology, Botany, Geology and Zoology; each under the charge of a Curator, subject to the authority of the Director. The Curators shall be ap- pointed by the Board upon the recommendation of the Director, and shall serve during the pleasure of the Board. Subordinate staff officers in the Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 251 scientific departments shall be appointed and removed by the Director upon the recommendation of the Curators of the respective Departments. The Director shall have authority to employ and remove all other employees of the Museum. Section 3. The Director shall make report to the Board at each regular meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the previous month. At the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual Report, reviewing the work for the previous year, which Annual Report shall be published in pamphlet form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free distribution in such number as the Board may direct. ARTICLE VII. AUDITOR Section i. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his office during the pleasure of the Board. He shall keep proper books of account, set- ting forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, and of the Museum, and report thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other times as may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all bills rendered for the expenditure of the money of the Corporation. ARTICLE VI IL COMMITTEES Section i. There shall be five Committees, as follows : Finance, Building, Auditing, Pension and Executive. Section 2. The Finance Committee shall consist of five members, the Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of three members, and the Building Committee shall consist of five members. All members of these four Committees shall be elected by ballot by the Board at the Annual Meeting, and shall hold office for one year, and until their successors are elected and quali- fied. In electing the members of these Committees, the Board shall designate the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the members are named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be Chair- man, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named, Second Vice- dhairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event of the absence or disability of the Chairman. Section 3. The Executive Committee shall consist of the President of the Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Building Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Committee, the Chairman of the Pension Committee, and three other members of the Board to be elected by ballot at the Annual Meeting. Section 4. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Com- mittee, and in all standing Committees two members shall constitute a quorum. In the event that, owing to the absence or inability of members, a quorum of the regularly elected members cannot be present at any meeting of any Com- mittee, then the Chairman thereof, or his successor, as herein provided, may summon any members of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the absentee. Section 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing the endowment and other permanent funds of the Corporation, and the care of such real estate as may become its property. It shall have authority to invest, sell, and reinvest funds, subject to the approval of the Board. Section 6. The Building Committee shall have supervision of the con- struction, reconstruction, and extension of any and all buildings used for Museum purposes. 252 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Section 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from time to time as the Chairman may consider necessary, or as he may be requested to do by three members of the Committee, to act upon such matters affecting the administration of the Museum as cannot await consideration at the Regular Monthly Meetings of the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginning of each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make recommendations as to the expenditures which should be made for routine maintenance and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the Board, the expenditures as stated are authorized. Section 8. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all ac- counting and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall cause the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert indi- vidual or firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm to the Board at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall have taken place. Section 9. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees. Section 10. The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and proceedings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board. Section ii. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees and Chairman of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Com- mittee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board. ARTICLE IX. NOMINATING COMMITTEE Section i. At the November meeting of the Board each year, a Nomi- nating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make nominations for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Commit- tee, the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and for three mem- bers of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted at the ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual Meeting in January. ARTICLE X. Section i. Whenever the word “Museum” is employed in the By-Laws of the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books, and all appurtenances of the Institution and the workings, researches, installations, expenditures, field work, laboratories, library, publications, lecture courses, and all scientific and maintenance activities. Section 2. These By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a two-thirds vote of all the members present, provided the amendment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 253 HONORARY MEMBERS AYER, EDWARD E. AYER, MRS. EDWARD E. BLACKSTONE, MRS. T. B. CHALMERS, WILLIAM J. CRANE, CHARLES R. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY GRAHAM, ERNEST R. HARRIS, ALBERT W. JONES, ARTHUR B. McCORMICK, STANLEY RYERSON, MARTIN A. SIMPSON, JAMES SPRAGUE, ALBERT A. PATRONS ANDERSON, PEIRCE ARMOUR, ALLISON V. BUTLER, EDWARD B. COLLINS, ALFRED M. CUMMINGS, MRS. ROBERT F. DAY, LEE GARNETT HUTCHINSON, CHARLES L. KELLEY, WILLIAM V. WHITE, KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW KUNZ, GEORGE F. MANIERRE, GEORGE MARKHAM, CHARLES H. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PROBST, EDWARD SARGENT, HOMER E. SMITH, WILLARD A. HOWARD J. 254 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. CORPORATE MEMBERS ALDIS, OWEN F. ANDERSON, PEIRCE ARMOUR, ALLISON V. AYER, EDWARD E. BLAIR, WATSON F. BORDEN, JOHN BUTLER, EDWARD B. BYRAM, HARRY E. CHALMERS, W. J. CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, H. C. COLLINS, ALFRED M. CRANE, Jr., RICHARD T. CUMMINGS, MRS. ROBERT F. DAVIES, D. C. DAY, LEE GARNETT EASTMAN, SIDNEY C ELLSWORTH, JAMES W. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY GAGE, LYMAN J. GRAHAM, ERNEST R. HARRIS, ALBERT W. HUTCHINSON, CHARLES L. JONES, ARTHUR B. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KELLEY, WILLIAM V. KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW KOHLSAAT, HERMAN H. KUNZ, GEORGE F. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. MANIERRE, GEORGE MARKHAM, CHARLES H. MITCHELL, JOHN J. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PECK, FERDINAND W. PORTER, GEORGE F. PROBST, EDWARD RYERSON, MARTIN A. SARGENT, HOMER E. SIMPSON, JAMES SMITH, SOLOMON A. SMITH, WILLARD A. SPRAGUE, ALBERT A. STONE, MELVILLE E. WHITE, HOWARD J. WRIGLEY, Jr., WILLIAM Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 255 LIFE MEMBERS ALDIS, ARTHUR T. ALDIS, OWEN F. ALEXANDER, WILLIAM A. ALLEN, BENJAMIN ALLERTON, ROBERT H. AMES, JAMES C. AMES, KNOWLTON L. ARMOUR, ALLISON V. ARMOUR, A. WATSON ARMOUR, J. OGDEN ARMOUR, LESTER AVERY, SEWELL L. AYER, EDWARD E. BABCOCK, FRED’K. R. BAKER, MISS ISABELLE BANCROFT, EDGAR A. BANKS, ALEXANDER F. BARRELL, FINLEY BARRETT, MRS. A. D. BARRETT, ROBERT L. BASSFORD, LOWELL C. BECKER, A. G. BILLINGS, C. K. G. BILLINGS, FRANK BLACKSTONE, MRS. T. B. BLAINE, MRS. EMMONS BLAIR, HENRY A. BLAIR, WATSON F. BLOCK, P. D. BOOTH, W. VERNON BORDEN, JOHN BORLAND, CHAUNCEY B. BREWSTER, WALTER S. BRIDGE, NORMAN BROWN, WILLIAM L. BUCHANAN, D. W. BUFFINGTON, EUGENE J. BURNHAM, JOHN BUTLER, EDWARD B. BYLLESBY, H. M. CARPENTER, A. A. CARPENTER, BENJ. CARR, ROBERT F. CARRY, EDWARD F. CARTON, L. A. CHALMERS, WILLIAM J. CLARK, EUGENE B. CLAY, JOHN CLOW, WILLIAM E. COBE, IRA M. CRAMER, CORWITH CRAMER, E. W. CRANE, CHARLES RICHARD CRANE, Jr., RICHARD T. CROWELL, H. P. CUDAHY, JOSEPH M. CUMMINGS, D. MARK CUNNINGHAM, FRANK S. DAU, J. J. DAWES, CHARLES G. DAY, ALBERT M. DECKER, ALFRED DEERING, CHARLES DEERING, JAMES DEFREES, JOSEPH H. DELANO, FREDERIC A. DICK, ALBERT BLAKE DONNELLEY, REUBEN H. DONNELLEY, THOMAS E. DOUGLAS, JAMES H. DRAKE, JOHN B. DRAKE, TRACY C. ECKHART, B. A. EDMUNDS, PHILIP S. FAIR, ROBERT M. FARNUM, PIENRY W. FARR, MISS SHIRLEY FARWELL, ARTHUR L. FARWELL, FRANCIS C. FARWELL, JOHN V. FARWELL, WALTER FAY, C. N. FELT, DORR E. FENTON, HOWARD W. FERGUSON, LOUIS A. 256 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. FERNALD, GUSTAVUS S. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY FINLEY, WM. H. FORGAN, DAVID R. FORGAN, JAMES B. FORSYTH, ROBERT FYFFE, COLIN C. H. GARTZ, A. F. GARY, JOHN W. GETZ, GEORGE F. GLESSNER, JOHN J. GODDARD, LEROY A. GOODMAN, WILLIAM O. GOODRICH, A. W. GRAHAM, ERNEST R. GRISCOM, CLEMENT A. HAMILL, ERNEST A. HARRIS, ALBERT W. HASKELL, FREDERICK T. HASTINGS, SAMUEL M. HIBBARD, FRANK HILL, LOUIS W. HINDE, THOMAS W. HOPKINS, J. M. HOPKINS, L. J. HOROWITZ, L. J. HOYT, N. LANDON HUGHITT, MARVIN HULBURD, CHARLES H. HUTCHINSON, C. L. INSULL, SAMUEL JELKE, JOHN F. JELKE, JR., JOHN F. JOHNSON, MRS. ELIZABETH AYER JONES, ARTHUR B. JONES, THOMAS D. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KELLER, THEODORE C. KELLEY, WILLIAM V. KING, CHARLES GARFIELD KING, FRANCIS KING, JAMES G. KIRK, WALTER RADCLIFFE KITTLE, C. M. KNICKERBOCKER, C. K. KUPPENHEIMER, LOUIS B. LAMONT, ROBERT P. LAWSON, VICTOR F. LEHMANN, E. J. LEONARD, CLIFFORD M. LINN, W. R. LOGAN, SPENCER H. LORD, JOHN B. LOWDEN, FRANK O. LYTTON, HENRY C. MacVEAGH, FRANKLIN MANIERRE, GEO. MARK, CLAYTON MARKHAM, CHARLES H. MARSHALL, BENJAMIN H. MARTIN, WILLIAM P. MASON, WILLIAM S. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. McCORMICK, HAROLD F. McCORMICK, STANLEY McELWEE, ROBERT H. McINNERNEY, THOS. H. McICINLAY, JOHN McKINLOCK, GEORGE ALEXANDER McLaughlin, Frederic McLaughlin, geo. d. Mclennan, d. r. McNULTY, T. J. McWilliams, lafayette MINER, W. H. MITCHELL, JOHN J. MOORE, EDWARD S. MORSE, Jr., CHARLES H. MORTON, JOY MORTON, MARK MUNROE, CHARLES A. NEWELL, A. B. NOEL, JOSEPH R. ORR, ROBERT M. REPORTS, PLATE XLVI MODEL OF A FOSSIL CYCAD FLOWER. Two thirds actual size. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 257 PALMER, HONORE PALMER, POTTER PAM, MAX PATTEN, HENRY J. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PAYSON, GEO. S. PEABODY, AUGUSTUS S. PICK, ALBERT PIERCE, CHARLES I. PIEZ, CHARLES PIKE, CHARLES B. PORTER, FRANK WINSLOW PORTER, GEORGE F. PORTER, GILBERT E. PORTER, H. H. RAWSON, FREDERICK H. REVELL, ALEXANDER H. REYNOLDS, GEORGE M. ROBINSON, THEODORE W. ROBSON, MISS ALICE ROSENWALD, JULIUS RUNNELLS, CLIVE RUNNELLS, JOHN S. RUSSELL, EDMUND A. RUSSELL, EDWARD P. RYERSON, MRS. CARRIE IT RYERSON, EDWARD L. RYERSON, MARTIN A. SCHWEPPE, CHARLES H. SCOTT, FRANK H. SCOTT, GEORGE E. SCOTT, HAROLD N. SCOTT, JOHN W. SHAFFER, JOHN C. SHEDD, JOHN G. SIMPSON, JAMES SMITH, ALEXANDER SMITH, SOLOMON A. SOPER, JAMES P. SPALDING, KEITH decease: ADAMS, MILWARD BEALE, WILLIAM G. BOYNTON, C. T. SPOOR, JOHN A. SPRAGUE, ALBERT A. STEVENS, CHARLES A. STEWART, ROBERT W. STOREY, W. B. STOUT, FRANK D. STRAWN, SILAS H. STUART, ROBERT STURGES, GEORGE SUNNY, B. E. SWIFT, CHARLES H. SWIFT, EDWARD F. SWIFT, Jr, G. F. SWIFT, HAROLD H. SWIFT, LOUIS F. THORNE, CHARLES H. THORNE, ROBERT J. UPHAM, FREDERIC W. VAN VECHTEN, RALPH VEATCH, GEORGE L. VILES, LAWRENCE M. WETMORE, FRANK O. WHEELER, CHARLES P. WHITE, F. EDSON WHITNEY, MRS. JULIA L. WICKWIRE, MRS. EDWARD L. WILLARD, ALONZO J. WILLITS, WARD W. WILSON, JR, JOHN P. WILSON, OLIVER T. WILSON, THOMAS E WILSON, WALTER H. WINSTON, GARRARD B. WINTER, WALLACE C. WOOLLEY, CLARENCE M. WRIGLEY, Jr, WILLIAM YATES. DAVID M. 1923 CARR, CLYDE M. HOXIE, MRS. JOHN R. HULBERT, E. D. 258 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. JONES, DAVID B. MARSH, FRANK A. McCORMICK, MRS. NATHAN, ADOLPH PEABODY, FRANCIS S. PINKERTON, WILLIAM A. REAM, MRS. CAROLINE P. SMITH, ORSON ASSOCIATE MEMBERS ABBOTT, W. RUFUS ABRAMS, DUFF A. ALSCHULER, ALFRED S. ANDREWS, ALFRED B. ARMBRUSTER, CHARLES A. ASHER, LOUIS E. ATWATER, WALTER HULL BARNES, CECIL BARTHOLOMAY, HENRY BATTEY, PAUL L. BECKER, BENJAMIN F. BECKER, HERMAN T. BEIL, CARL BELL, LIONEL A. BELL, ROBERT W. BENDER, CHARLES J. BENSINGER, BENJAMIN E. BLOCK, EMANUEL J. BLOCK, L. E. BOTH, WILLIAM C. BOWEN, MRS. LOUISE de KOVEN BOYNTON, FREDERICK P. BRIGHAM, MISS FLORENCE M. BROCK, A. J. BROSS, MRS. MASON BROWN, CHARLES EDWARD BUDLONG, JOSEPH J. BURT, W. G. BUTLER, RUSH C. CARON, O. J. CARPENTER, FREDERIC IVES CARR, WALTER S. CARRY, JOSEPH C. CARTON, ALFRED T. CHEEVER, MRS. ARLINE V. CLARK, MISS DOROTHY S. COLVIN, SR., MRS. W. H. CONNER, FRANK H. COOLIDGE, E. CHANNING COONLEY, JOHN STUART COOPER, SAMUEL CUDAHY, JR., E. A. CUDAHY, EDWARD I. CUNNINGHAM JOHN T. DAVIS, FRED M. DEAHL, URIAH S. DENNEHY, THOMAS C. DEUTSCH, JOSEPH DE VRIES, DAVID DE VRIES, PETER DIXON, GEORGE W. DOBSON, GEORGE DOERING, OTTO C. DONAHUE, WILLIAM .J DONOHUE, EDGAR T. DULANY, GEORGE W. JR. DURAND, SCOTT S. EGAN, WILLIAM B. EISENDRATH, W. N. ENGWALL, JOHN F. ERICSSON, HENRY EUSTICE, ALFRED L. FABRY, HERMAN FAHRNEY, E. C. FAY, MISS AGNES M. FELLOWS, WILLIAM K. FENTRESS, CALVIN FOREMAN, EDWIN G. JR. FOSTER, VOLNEY FREER, ARCHIBALD E. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. GABRIEL, CHARLES GALVIN, WILLIAM A. GARDNER, PAUL E. GARDNER, ROBERT A. GATELY, RALPH M. GATZERT, AUGUST GILBERT, MISS CLARA GILES, CARL C. GRANGER ALFRED GUNTHORP, WALTER J. HAMILL, ALFRED E. HAMLIN, PAUL D. HARDING, GEORGE F. HARTWELL, FRED G. HECHT, JR., FRANK A. HELLER, ALBERT HELLYER, WALTER HELMER, FRANK A. HERRICK, WALTER D. HERWIG, GEORGE HERWIG, JR., WILLIAM D. HOLLIS, WILLIAM D. HUTCHINS, JAMES C. HYNES, REV. JAMES A. JACKSON, W. J. JONES, G. HERBERT KEENEY, ALBERT F. KEITH, STANLEY LANE, WALLACE R. LAUREN, NEWTON B. LAWSON, ARTHUR J. LEGGE, ALEXANDER LLOYD, WILLIAM BROSS LONG, WILLIAM E. LUCEY, PATRICK J. LYON, MRS. THOMAS R. MAGEE, HENRY W. MAGWIRE, MRS. MARY F. MANSURE, EDMUND L. McBRIDE, MRS. WALTER J. 259 NEELY, MISS CARRIE BLAIR OFFIELD, JAMES R. OLIVER, FRED S. OPPENHEIMER, JULIUS PARDRIDGE, MRS. E. W. PEACOCK, ROBERT E. POOL, MARVIN B. POP,E, HERBERT REYNOLDS, ARTHUR REYNOLDS, EARLE H. ROBERTSON, WILLIAM ROBINSON, MRS. MILTON E. SR. RUSSELL, DR. JOSEPH W. RYERSON, JR., ED. L. SEAMAN, GEORGE M. SHAMBAUGH, DR. GEORGE E. SHAPIRO, MEYER SHEEHY, EDWARD SHERIDAN, ALBERT D. SMULSKI, JOHN F. SNOW, EDGAR M. SULLIVAN, MRS. ROGER C. THOMPSON, DAVID P. THORNE, GEORGE A. THORNE, JAMES W. TOBIAS, CLAYTON H. TRAYLOR, MELVIN A. TREDWELL, JOHN TYSON, RUSSELL WALLER, EDWARD C. WARE, MRS. LYMAN WEISSENBACH, MRS. MINNA K. WENDELL, JR., BARRETT WILLIAMS, MISS ANNA P. WINDSOR, H. H. WORCESTER, MRS. CHARLES H. WORK, ROBERT YONDORF, MILTON S. 260 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. SUSTAINING MEMBERS ALSIP, CHARLES H. ANDERSON, MRS. MARY ARMBRUST, JOHN T. AYRES, HARRY M. BAIRD, HARRY K. BARNETT, OTTO R. BEREND, GEORGE F. BERTSCHINGER, DR. C. F. BOTSCHEN, ARTHUR SR. BROWN, CHARLES A. BULLOCK, MRS. JAMES E. BURGWEGER, MRS. META DEWES BUTLER, JOHN M. BYFIELD, JOSEPH CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, WAYNE CLARK, DR. J. WENDELL CONDIT, J. SIDNEY COOKE, MISS FLORA J. COOKE, GEORGE ANDERSON COOMBS, JAMES F. COWLES, THOMAS H. CREEDON, MRS. CLARA W. CRILLY, EDGAR DANIELS, H. L. DARDEL, CARL O. DAVIS, DR. CARL B. DENNIS, CHARLES H. DUGAN, ALPHONSO G. DUNCAN, JOSEPH S. FADER, A. L. FARR, NEWTON CAMP FAULKNER, MISS ELIZABETH FISHER, JUDGE HARRY M. FREUND, I. H. FRISBIE, CHAUNCEY O. FULLER, JUDSON M. FURRY, WILLIAM S. GALHOUSE, LEONARD GALL, CHARLES H. GALLISTEL, ALBERT J. GALLUP, ROCKWELL GALVIN, JOSEPH X. GARDEN, HUGH GARDNER, ADDISON L., SR. GARDNER, JAMES P. GARY, FRED ELBERT GAW, GEORGE T. GORMAN, GEORGE E. GOTTFRIED, CARL M. GRADLE, DR. HARRY S. GRANT, E. RAY GRANT, FRANCIS B. GRANT, JOHN G. GRAVER, JAMES P. GRAVES, HOWARD B. GRAY, JOHN D. GREENEBAUM, JAMES E. GREENLEE, JAMES A. GREENSFELDER, LOUIS A. HANSON, JAMES L. HATMAKER, CHARLES F. HAUGAN, OSCAR H. HE.ERMANS, THADDEUS W. HENDERSON, THOMAS B. G. HINSBERG, STANLEY K. HOGAN, G. FRANK HOLMES, WILLIAM N. HUNTER, SAMUEL M. JOHNSON, WILLIAM H. JOHNSTONE, DR. A. RALPH LA FORGE, DR. ALVIN W. LANSKI, JACOB LATHROP, GARDINER LAURITZEN, C. M. LAWTON, FRANK W. LOGAN, JOHN I. MARTIN, SAMUEL H. MITCHELL, WILLIAM H. PEART, WILLIAM PECK, MRS. CHARLES G. PETERSON, AXEL A. PITCHER, MRS. HENRY L. PLUNKETT, WILLIAM H. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 261 RANDALL, IRVING REEVE, FREDERICK E. RICKCORDS, FRANCIS RITTER, MISS PAULA J. SAWYER, DR. ALVAH L. SMITH, CLAYTON F. SPALDING, MRS. CHARLES F. SPROGLE, MRS. HOWARD C. STANLEY, W. EDWIN THORP, HARRY W. WATSON, OLIVER L., SR. WINTERBOTHAM, JOHN H. WRENN, MRS. EVERTS ANNUAL MEMBERS ADLER, DR. HERMAN M. AFFLECK, BENJAMIN F. AHNFELT, JOHN AMES, ARTHUR R. AMES, EDWARD E. ANDREWS, DR. BENJAMIN F. ARMOUR, GEORGE A. ARTINGSTALL, JR., SAMUEL G. ASCHER, NATHAN ASHCRAFT, R. M. BACON, DR. CHARLES S. BAGGE, CHRISTIAN U. BAILEY, EDWARD P. BARKER, MRS, FRANK W. BARTHOLOMAY, JR., WILLIAM BASS, JOHN F. BASS, MRS. PERKINS BATEMAN, FLOYD L. BEACH, E. CHANDLER BELDEN, JOSEPH C. BLACK, HERMAN BOAL, AYRES BRASSERT, HERMAN A. BREEN, JAMES W. BRIGGS, MRS. ARTHUR A. BRODRIBB, LAWRENCE C. BRODSKY, JACOB J. BURLEY, CLARENCE A. BURNHAM, DANIEL H. BUTZ, ROBERT T. CAMERON, JOHN M. CAMP, CURTIS B. CAPPS, DR. JOSEPH A. CASTENHOLZ, W. B. CHURCHILL, RICHARD S. COBURN, ALONZO J. COLEMAN, WILLIAM OGDEN COMSTOCK, WILLIAM C. CREGO, FRANK A. CROSBY, MRS. FREDERICK W. CUMMINGS, THOMAS A. JR. CURTIS, MISS FRANCES H. DARROW, CLARENCE S. DAUGHADAY, HAMILTON DUNNING, N. MAX EISENDRATH, ROBERT ELLBOGEN, MRS. MAX ESTES, CLARENCE E. EUSTIS, PERCY S. EVANS, MORGAN R. FALKNER, MILTON E. FANI, REV. CHARLES FANNING, CHARLES G. FARNHAM, MRS. HARRY J. FARNSWORTH, GEORGE J. FETZER, WADE FIELD, HENRY FISH, MRS. JOSEPH FOIN, CHIN F. FORTUNE, JOHN L. FRANK, HENRY L. FRIDSTEIN, MEYER FRIEDER, EDWARD N. GABER, BENJAMIN GABRIEL, HARRY F. GAITHER, OTHO S. GALE, ABRAM GALL, HARRY T. GALLANIS, JOHN A. 262 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. GARBERS, CHRIST H. GARDNER, ADDISON L. GARDNER, DR. EDGAR W. GARNER, HARRY J. GARRISON, DR. LESTER E. GARRITY, EDMUND C. GARY, SIMON P. GASKILL, CHARLES H. GATES, ERRETT GEDDES, WILLIAM H. GERAGHTY, GERALD G. GIESSEL, HENRY GOLDFINE, DR. ASCHER H. C. GOLDSMITH, MOSES GORMLEY, WILLIAM J. GOSHERT, J. FRED GOSLEE, DR. HART J. GOSNEY, MARVIN L. GOSSELIN, FRANK X. GOTTLICH, OSCAR GOULD, GEORGE W. GRABER, HYMAN M. GRADY, MRS. DAVID E. GRAF, ROBERT J. GRAFF, OSCAR C. GRAMM, DR. CARL T. GRAVER, PHILIP S. GRAVES, ERNEST H. GRAY, ARTHUR L. GRAYDON, CHARLES E. GREEN, JOHN H. GREENE, BENJAMIN GREENLEAF, GARDNER GREER, EDWIN GREGG, THOMAS A. GREGOR, PETER A. GREGORY, CHARLES E. GREGORY, CLIFFORD V. GREY, CHARLES F. GRIFFIN, BENNETT GRIGNON, GEORGE F. GRIMBLOT, SAMUEL A. GRIMM, WALTER H. GROAK, IRWIN D. GROEBE, LOUIS G. GROENWALD, FLORIAN A. GROSBERG, CHARLES GROSS, ERNEST W. GROSS, DR. HENRY R. GROSS, MISS MIRIAM GUNN, WALTER C. HARDING, S. LAWRENCE HARGRAFT, STUART A. HARKNESS, LAUNCELOT A. HARLEV, ARTHUR G. HARMON, HUBERT R. HARMON, JOHN H. HARNER, GEORGE W. HARRIMAN, FRANK B. HARRIMAN, KARL £. HARRINGTON, GAY R. HARRINGTON, JAMES H. HARRIS, EWART HARRIS, FRANK F. HARRIS, GORDON L. HARRIS, J. MAX HARRIS, WILLIAM L. HARRIS, WILLIAM P. HARRISON, HARRY P. HARRISON, JAMES D. HARRISON, MARTIN L. HARRISON, THOMAS F. HART, ALVIN C. HART, HARRY HART, HENRY D. HART, JAMES M. HART, LOUIS E. HART, THOMAS W. HART, WILLIAM N. HARTER, GUSTAV A. HARTMANN, HENRY, SR. HARTWICK, JESSE A. HARTWIG, OTTO J. HARWOOD, FREDERICK HARWOOD, THOMAS W. HASSETT, FRANK L. HASTERLIK, VICTOR C. HASTINGS, EDMUND A. HASTINGS, LOUIS M. HATCH, F. M. HAUGHY, JAMES M. HAUSMANN, FRANK W. HAVRANAK, ALBERT HAWKINS, FRANK P. HAWKINS, L. S. HAWKINS, THEODORE HAWLEY, ALBERT P. Jan., 1924 Annual Report of the Director. 263 HAWTHORNE, VAUGHN R. HAYES, CHARLES A. HEALY, JOHN J. HEATON, HARRY E. HECK, JOHN HECKAMAN, SAMUEL D. HECKENDORF, R. A. HECKMANN, PHILIP W. HEDBERG, REV. VICTOR E. HEDIQER, ADOLPH M. HEDMAN, CARL M. HEDMARK, JOHN HEDRICK, TUBMAN K. HEERWAGEN, DR. OSCAR W. HEFFERN, WILLIAM H. HEFFERNAN, THOMAS F. HEFTER, MRS. ETHEL HEG, SR., ERNEST HEICK, HARRY E. HEIDBRINK, GEORGE F. HEIDEL, CARL HEIDEL, DR. CECIL T. HEIDKE, OTTO G. HEIDLER, FRANK J. HEIFETZ, SAMUEL HEIN, GEORGE HEIN, SYLVESTER J. HEINEKAMP, LILLIAN HEINEMANN, EARL HEINEMANN, GEORGE G. HEINEMANN, JOHN B. HEINFELDEN, CURT H. G. HEINZ, L. HERMAN HELLER, DR. CHARLES HEMPSTEAD, JOSEPH L. HEMPSTED, JAMES G. HEMWALL, JOHN HENRY, C. DUFF HENRY, HUNTINGTON B. HENSCHIEN, H. PETER HIBBARD, FREDERICK C. HILTON, HENRY H. HIMAN, CHARLES HIMMELSBACH, JOHN W. HINDS, JOSEPH B. HINES, JOHN W. HINNERS, WILLIAM A. HISCOX, MORTON HITCHCOCK, R. M. HOCH, JAMES J. HOCKERT, ERNEST L. HODGES, LOUIS A. HOEFER, ERNEST HOFFMAN, EDWARD W. HOGG, HARRY H. HOLABIRD, JOHN A. HOLDEN, MRS. CHARLES R. HOLLAND, DR. WILLIAM E. HOLLINGSWORTH, GEORGE K. HOLLOWAY, OWEN B. HOLMAN, ALFRED L. HOLT, GEORGE H. HOOPER, HENRY HOWE, MRS. FANNY J. JAMES, RAYMOND H. JAMES, WILLIAM A. JENKINS, GEORGE H. JOHNSON, NELS J. JOHNSTON, BERNARD F. JOHNSTONE, GEORGE A. JONES, CHARLES J. JONES, J. S'. JONES, DR. MARGARET M. JOSEPH, LOUIS L. KAPSA, LADISLAV A. KARAMANOS, DR. ANGELOS K. KATZ, JACOB KELLOGG, JAMES G. LAMB, FRANK H. LANSINGER, MRS. JOHN M. LA PIERRE, DR. FELIX J. LASSAGNE, VICTOR F. LINCOLN, ROBERT T. LIVINGSTON, MILTON L. LOGAN, F. G. MARRIOTT, ABRAHAM R. MATLIS, L. McCREA, W. S. McNERNY, MATHEW F. MEEKER, ARTHUR MOORE, N. G. MULLIKEN, A. H. 264 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. PALMER, PROF. CLAUDE IR- WIN PALMER, PERCIVAL B. RAPAPORT, MORRIS W. RICHARDS, H. A. RIDDLE, HERBERT H. RIGALI, JOHN E. RIPLEY, MRS. E. P. RITTENHOUSE, MRS. MOSES F. ROSENFELD, MRS. MAURICE RYAN, THOMAS C. RYERSON, EDWIN D. SAUTER, LEONARD J. SCHMIDT, DR. O. L. SCHWARTZ, G. A. SCUDDER, J. ARNOLD SEABURY, CHARLES W. SHORTALL, JOHN L. SKINNER MISS FREDERIKA SPENCE, MRS. ELIZABETH E. THROOP, GEORGE ENOS TOWLER, KENNETH F. VOLTZ, DANIEL W. VON KLEINWACHTER, DR. LUDWIG. WACKER, CHARLES H. WAITE, MISS MURIEL W. WALKER, BERTRAND WALKER, JAMES R. WHEELER, SEYMOUR WHINERY, CHARLES C. WHITEHEAD, W. M. WILD, RICHARD WILSON, MRS. E. CRANE WILSON, M. H. DECEASED I923 ADAMS, CYRUS H. PARKER, FRANCIS W. FULLER, O. F. PEARSON, MRS. E. H. STOCKTON, JOHN T. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLVII. WILLIAM J. CHALMERS. A TRUSTEE OF THE MUSEUM SINCE ITS ORGANIZATION, AND CHAIRMAN OF THE BUILDING COMMITTEE. Field Museum of Natural History. Publication 227. Report Series. Vol. VI, No. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR THE YEAR 1924. Chicago, U. S. A. January, 1925. BEQUESTS Bequests to Field Museum of Natural History may be made in securities, money, books or collections. For those desirous of making bequests to the Museum, the following form is suggested : FORM OF BEQUEST I do hereby give and bequeath to “Field Museum of Natural History" of the City of Chicago, State of Illinois. Cash Contributions made within the taxable year to Field Museum of Natural History to an amount not in excess of ij% of the tax payers net income are allowable as deductions in com- puting net income under the Revenue Law. CONTENTS Board of Trustees 270 Officers and Committees 271 Staff of Museum 272 Report of the Director 273 General Lectures 277 Entertainments for Children 279 Publications 281 Library 283 Cataloguing, Inventorying and Labeling 286 Accessions 288 Expeditions and Field Work 297 Installation and Permanent Improvement 303 The N. W. Harris Public School Extension 322 Guide-Lecturer... 324 Publicity 325 Printing and Photography 328 Photogravures 328 Artist 329 Attendance 329 Attendance Statistics 330 Financial Statements 331 List of Accessions 333 Department of Anthropology 333 Department of Botany 336 Department of Geology 336 Department of Zoology 338 Section of Photography 342 The Library 342 Articles of Incorporation 353 Amended By-Laws 355 List of Honorary Members and Patrons 361 List of Corporate Members 362 List of Life Members 363 List of Associate Members 366 List of Sustaining Members 372 List of Annual Members 376 70 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES Edward E. Ayer Watson F. Blair John Borden Harry E. Byram William J. Chalmers Richard T. Crane, Jr. D. C. Davies Marshall Field Stanley Field Ernest R. Graham Albert W. Harris Arthur B. Jones Chauncey Keep Charles H. Markham Cyrus H. McCormick Martin A. Ryerson James Simpson Solomon A. Smith Albert A. Sprague Silas H. Strawn William Wrigley, Jr. HONORARY TRUSTEE Owen F. Aldis FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE XLVIII. THE LATE GEORGE MANIERRE secretary of committee! T° Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director. 27 OFFICERS Stanley Field, President Martin A. Ryerson, First Vice-President Watson F. Blair, Second Vice-President Albert A. Sprague, Third Vice-President D. C. Davies, Secretary Arthur B. Jones, Assistant Secretary Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer COMMITTEES Stanley Field • Watson F. Blair William J. Chalmers Arthur B. Jones EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Albert A. Sprague Edward E. Ayer Marshall Field John Borden Watson F. Blair Martin A. Ryerson FINANCE COMMITTEE Arthur B. Jones Chauncey Keep Albert W. Harris William J. Chalmers Cyrus H. McCormick BUILDING COMMITTEE Albert A. Sprague Ernest R. Graham Harry E. Byram Arthur B. Jones AUDITING COMMITTEE Charles H. Markham Silas H. Strawn Albert A. Sprague PENSION COMMITTEE Solomon A. Smith James Simpson 272 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ADMINISTRATIVE AND SCIENTIFIC STAFF DIRECTOR D. C. Davies DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY Berth old Laufer, Curator Assistant Curators Charles L. Owen — Archaeology Albert B. Lewis — African and Melanesian Ethnology Helen C. Gunsaulus — Japanese Ethnology Ralph Linton — North American Ethnology DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY B. E. Dahlgren, Acting Curator Assistant Curator J. Francis Macbride — Taxonomy DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY O. C. Farrington, Curator Henry W. Nichols, Associate Curator Elmer S. Riggs, Associate Curator of Paleontology DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY Wilfred H. Osgood, Curator William J. Gerhard, Associate Curator of Insects C. E. Hellmayr, Associate Curator of Birds H. B. Conover, Associate in Ornithology Assistant Curators Edmond N. Gueret — Osteology R. Magoon Barnes — Oology Alfred C. Weed — Fishes Edmund Heller — Mammals John T, Zimmer — Birds Karl P. Schmidt — Reptiles and A mphibians Division of Taxidermy Julius Friesser, Mammals Leon L. Walters, Reptiles and Amphibians L. L. Pray, Fishes Ashley Hine, Birds DEPARTMENT OF THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION S. C. Simms, Curator THE LIBRARY Elsie Lippincott, Librarian Emily M. Wilcoxson, Assistant Librarian REGISTRAR AUDITOR H. F. Ditzel Benj. Bridge RECORDER Robert H. Thompson Elsie H. Thomas, Assistant Recorder MEMBERSHIP SECTION R. R. More, in charge GUIDE LECTURERS Dorothy Roberts Cockrell Margaret L. Fisher H. E. Wheeler SECTION OF PRINTING U. A. Dohmen, in charge SECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION C. H. Carpenter, Photographer Carl F. Gronemann, Artist A. A. Miller, Photogravurist SUPERINTENDENT OF MAINTENANCE John E. Glynn CHIEF ENGINEER W. H. Corning ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1924 To the Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History. I have the honor to present a report of the operations of the Museum for the year ending December 31, 1924. A marked increase of interest in the activities of the Institution is distinctly the outstanding feature of the year under review. The innu- merable advantages offered to the public by the Museum are being daily more appreciated. The tremendous impetus and inspiration which this appreciation gives to the scientific and maintenance forces of the Mu- seum augurs well for its future and signifies gratifying approval of its methods of disseminating knowledge and entertainment. Details which are given in the report indicate that the affairs of the Museum are in a healthy condition and give evidence of its wide influ- ence and extensive investigations in many fields. While the year has been a busy one and the results satisfactory, yet considering the increas- ing requirements and the constantly growing importance of the Museum, the fifth year of occupancy of the new building seems to demonstrate, as have each of the four previous years, the necessity for still greater effort. The expenses of the Museum under the head of maintenance have been in excess of the budget this year. However, the large amount that was expended for fittings for the work rooms, storage areas and the laboratories, and the refinishing of all exhibition cases in the Depart- ment of Botany, are not in a sense a proper charge against maintenance. If this is taken into consideration, the expenditures have been below the budget allowance. It may seem from the evidence of this work that the building is being refurnished. This, as a matter of fact, is true in so far as the working areas on the third floor are concerned. These growing needs of the Museum and the extensive improvements and additions necessary to maintain the increasing demands of its departments, are an indication of the development of the entire Institution. More and more each year the Museum is becoming better equipped to perform all of its necessary labor, not only for technical and scientific purposes, but 274 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. for the ordinary maintenance work as well. It is now only under un- usual circumstances that outside agencies need to be engaged. The excess of expenditures over the revenue shows a deficit of $33,000.00 for the year, which amount was voluntarily assumed by President Field. In addition to this Mr. Field has contributed during the year the sum of $78,576.00. A part of this was directed towards the deficit existing in the Building Fund and the remainder was the stated annuity provided for the work in the Plant Reproduction laboratory. Captain Marshall Field has increased his annuity to $100,000.00 which enables the Museum to extend its expeditionary program and to increase the issue and enlarge the scope of its scientific publications.. Of especial interest was the inauguration of two new series of publications, the first being the “Design’ ’ Series, of which two numbers were issued, and the other a publication designated as the “Memoirs” Series. The first number of the latter series was in press shortly before the end of the year. The benefactions of Mr. Edward E. Ayer to the library which has been named in his honor, have continued, reference to which is made elsewhere. Mr. Ayer has also made notable additions to the pewter col- lection which also bears his name, several very important examples of this alloy having been added to the original collection. A commodious room on the second floor has been alloted to this splendid exhibit. Mr. Arthur B. Jones has provided the funds for the purchase of an important Maori collection, which came from Captain T. E. Donne, a well-known citizen of New Zealand. An invitation to cooperate with the American Museum of Natural History in its important survey in Mongolia, has been heartily welcomed. Under the arrangements already perfected, the Museum is to share in the results of the expedition. It is earnestly hoped that this undertaking marks a beginning of a consolidation of the interests of American museums, and that it will result not only in valuable cooperation, but in the elimination of wasteful duplication of efforts. An additional contribution of $100,000.00 to the Harris Extension Fund, made by the family of the late Norman W. Harris, was one of the most important gifts of the year, enabling this department to in- crease the distribution of exhibition cases to the public schools and to provide a new distributing car. This car was placed in operation at the beginning of the fall school term. This benefaction adds to the income of the Harris Extension Fund a sum slightly over $6,000.00 per annum. Mr. Charles R. Crane has continued his contributions towards the publication of the work on the “Birds of the Americas.” The third part of this series was issued during the year. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. CEREMONIAL COSTUMES OF THE PAWNEE, SHOWING NEW METHOD OF INSTALLATION ON FORMS. HALL 5. About one-twentieth actual size. Jan., 1925 Annual Report op the Director 275 The family of the late Mr. George Manierre presented to the Mu- seum a collection of specimens from North America, Mexico, Panama, Australia, Japan, Egypt, and Russia, consisting of prehistoric pottery, tobacco pipes, stone implements, baskets, etc., which is a most acceptable addition to the collections in the Department of Anthropology. In appreciation of Mr. Edward E. Ayer’s life-long devotion to the work of the Museum and his great liberality in adding to its collections, Mr. and Mrs. Julius Rosenwald contributed to the Museum the sum of $25,000.00. The income from this contribution is to be used for the next ten years in filling gaps in the North American Indian collections in the Museum. At the end of this term, the income is to be devoted to the purchase of scientific books for the departmental libraries. The progress of the Museum is further encouraged by the support received from the tax levied by the South Park Commissioners. This income is used solely for maintenance, but is not sufficient by any means to meet the present and increasing needs of the Institutibn. Grateful acknowledgment is made of the courtesies extended by the Chicago Rapid Transit Company, the Illinois Central Railroad Com- pany, the Chicago Surface Lines, the Rock Island Railroad Company, the Aurora and Elgin Electric Lines, and the department stores of Chi- cago, in exhibiting posters and placards directing the attention of the public to the Museum and its work. The membership campaign inaugurated during the previous year has been highly successful. The activities in this direction have re- sulted in the following additions to the different classes of memberships : Life Members 28 Associate Members 472 Sustaining Members 283 Annual Members 557 The By-Laws have been amended for the purpose of adding three new classes of members, viz: Benefactors, Fellows, and Non-Resident Life. Reference to the memberships newly created will be found in the amended By-Laws included in this report. The gratifying increase in the attendance of visitors to the Museum may be accounted for in part by the canvass for memberships, but doubtless in greater measure by the publicity given to the Institution and its activities by the press and the transportation companies. The organization of a Live Wild Flower exhibit during the summer and autumn months attracted many people to the Museum and may be spoken of as successful beyond expectation. This exhibit was suggested by the Department of Botany and has been promoted under its direction. 276 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. During the year the vacancies existing in the membership of the Board of Trustees were filled by the election of Mr. Charles H. Mark- ham and Mr. Silas H. Strawn. The Trustees have named the hall in which the ichthyological collections are exhibited the Albert W. Harris Hall, in honor of Mr. Albert W. Harris. The additions to the staff during the year were as follows; H. F. Ditzel, Registrar, R. H. Thompson, Recorder, and H. Boardman Conover, Associate in Ornithology. E. S. Abbey was appointed Sergeant of the Guard to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Sergeant Brophy, who had been in the employ of the Museum since its inception, and who left behind him an unimpeachable record for faithfulness and devotion to duty. Other activities initiated during the year were the inauguration of a series of summer classes for the children of members; the introduction of a series of Fellowships for research work; and the installation of a new system of lighting for habitat groups. The trouble and annoyance experienced by the constant leaking of the sky-lighted halls demanded prompt treatment, and made necessary the decision to roof over these areas. These skylights, covering an area of 38,500 square feet, have been insulated with a double thickness of Celotex overlaid with Ruberoid roofing. This work was begun August 17, 1924 and was finished November 22nd, at a cost of $20,250.00. This expenditure was charged to the Building Fund and necessarily increased the deficit of that account, but this, as previously reported, was assumed by President Field. The roofing over of the skylights changed the method of lighting the halls from that of daylight to artificial lighting, but there is every indication that the artificial lighting is more suitable than daylight for the material exhibited in these areas. Not only is the illumination more uniform, but the fading effects of sunlight are avoided. All the windows in the exhibition areas have been curtained, and this has not only improved the interior appearance of the openings, but has added to their attractiveness from the outside. A surface drainage system has been laid in the terrace around the Museum building, and furnished with catch basins along the edge of the grass plot. The entire sidewalk surrounding the Museum has been overlaid with a top dressing of crushed limestone. The outside steps and the flag pole steps at the north entrance have been caulked with oakum and lead wool. The outside walls of the northeast central pavilion have been caulked with elastic cement, and Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 277 the terrace balustrade and outside window sills have been repointed with Portland cement. The death of Mr. George Manierre, a member of the Board of Trus- tees for thirty years, closed a career of activity and usefulness in which the Museum very largely shared His loss is mourned by his fellow- trustees and is sorely felt by the members of the administrative and scientific staff of the Museum. As Chairman of the Auditing Committee for several years, Mr. Manierre made frequent visits to the Museum, and always manifested the greatest interest in the work of its departments. Through his frequent and intimate contact with the staff, its members learned to understand and appreciate him highly. General Lectures. — Two courses of lectures and three special lectures were given in the James Simpson Theatre during the year, bringing the total number of courses presented by the Museum to forty- two. The interest of the public was fully manifested by large and attentive audiences. The ready cooperation of well-known scientific men and lecturers in this work is gratifying, and occasion is here taken to thank them for their participation in these courses. Following is the Forty-first Free Illustrated Lecture Course, with the subjects and lecturers, delivered during the months of March and April, 1924. March 1— ‘ ‘'Glimpses of Canada— Forest, Field and Mountains.” Mr. Frank Yeigh, Lecturer and Author, Toronto, Canada. March 8 — “Explorations in the Malay Peninsula” (Arthur B. Jones Expedition, 1923). Dr. Fay-Cooper Cole, University of Chicago. March 15 — “The Royal Mummies.” Dr. T. Wingate Todd, Western Reserve Univer- sity, Cleveland, Ohio. March 22 — “On the Track of an Unknown Sheep.” Mr. John B. Burnham, American Game Protective and Propagation Association, New York City. March 29 — “The Grand Canyon of the Colorado River.” Mr. E. C. Larue, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. April 5— “On Darwin’s Trail in South America” (Captain Marshall Field Expedition) . Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood, Curator of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History. 278 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. April 12 — “Peruvian Trails.” Dr. George S. Bryan, Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin. April 19 — “Joumeyings in Brazil.” Dr. Oliver C. Farrington, Curator of Geology, Field Museum of Natural History. April 26 — “The Passing of the Old West.” Lieut. Col. Charles Wellington Furlong, F. R. G. S., Boston, Mass. Following is the Forty-second Free Illustrated Lecture Course, with subjects and lecturers, delivered during the months of October, November and December, 1924: October 4 — “Wild Animals I Have Known.” Mr. Ernest Thompson Seton, Greenwich, Con- necticut. October 11 — “The People of Japan.” Dr. William Elliot Griffis, New York City. October 18 — “Six Thousand and One Minutes in Galapagos.” Dr. William Beebe, Department of Tropical Re- search, New York Zoological Society. October 25 — “Tribes of Sumatra” (Arthur B. Jones Expedition, 1923). Dr. Fay-Cooper Cole, leader of the expedition. November 1 — “The Gateway of the Sahara.” Lieut. Col. Charles Wellington Furlong, F. R. G. S., Boston, Mass. November 8 — “The Wonders of Wood.” Professor Samuel J. Record, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. November 15 — “Spain and the Alhambra.” Mr. B. R. Baumgardt, Los Angeles, California. November 22 — “Babylon as a Center of Civilization, with Special Reference to the Excavations at Kish, under- taken by the Field Museum-Oxford University Joint Expedition under the auspices of Capt. Marshall Field.” Professor Ira M. Price, University of Chicago. November 29 — “The Man-Eaters of Tsavo.” Lieut. Col. J. H. Patterson, D. S. O., London. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 279 December 6 — “Among the Blackfeet Indians.” Mr. Walter McClintock, M. A., Pittsburgh, Penn- sylvania. The following are the three special lectures delivered during the year : March 30 — “Hunting Gorillas and Volcanoes in Kivu.” Mr. Carl E. Akeley, American Museum of Natural History, New York. June 1 — “Where the Dinosaur Hid its Eggs.” Mr. Roy Chapman Andrews, leader of the Third Asiatic Expedition, American Museum of Natural History, New York. December 20 — “The Tomb of Tut-ankh-Amen.” M. Jean Capart, Director, Royal Cinquantenaire Museums, Brussels, Belgium. Entertainments for Children. — Moving picture entertainments for children were given in the James Simpson Theatre on Saturday morn- ings during the Spring and Autumn months. The interest manifested in these pictures is indicated by the total attendance of 34,327 children. Beginning at 9:30 o’clock in the morning, the pictures were shown con- tinuously until 12:30 P.M. In connection with the Autumn course, twelve “Museum Stories for Children” were prepared and issued by the Museum. These stories were distributed to the children, one at each entertainment. Their three-fold purpose was, to supplement the films in the matter of information, to direct the children to Museum exhibits related to the subject of the films, and to provide the children with a souvenir of their visit to the Institution. The programs for the courses, including one special lecture, were as follows : March 1 — “Hunting Big Game in Africa.” First five reels. March 8 — “Hunting Big Game in Africa.” Last four reels. “Time— What It Really Is.” March 15 — “The Ant.” “Birds of Prey.” “Animal Camouflage.” “Wild Animals and Their Young.” “Earth and Moon.” Part I. March 22 — “Wonders of the Sea.” “Earth and Moon.” Part II. 280 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. March 29 — “First Families of America’ ’ (Hopi Indians). “Wild Life Studies: North America.” “Forest Giants.” “Nature’s Craftsmen.” April 5— “The Bee.” “Our Four-footed Pals.” “From Cocoon to Kimono” (The Silk Worm). “The American Fishhawk.” “The Story of the Seasons — Why They Change.” April 12 — “The Great White North.” “Aquatic Life.” April 19 — “Our Animals — How They Help Us.” “The Spider.” “The Microscope and Beyond.” April 26 — “The Cruise of the Spee jacks Around the World.” May 3 — Special Lecture: “Maoriland.” Leila M. Blomfield, New Zealand. October 4 — A Lecture: “Wild Animals I Have Known.” Mr. Ernest Thompson Seton. * “Animal and Bird Life.” “Bre’r Rabbit and His Pals.” “White-tailed Deer.” October 11 — “Captain Kleinschmidt’s Polar Adventure.” October 18 — “Children Here, There and Everywhere.” “All Sorts of Jellyfish.” “Some Well-known Snakes.” “Hawks and Buzzards.” “Sloths and Marmots.” October 25 — “Baby Songbirds at Mealtime.” “Why Elephants Leave Home.” “Pond Life.” “Insects that Mimic.” November 1 — “Trailing African Wild Animals.” November 8 — “Along the Moonbeam Trail” (Prehistoric Animals). “Ant Lion.” “Navaho Indians.” “In a Drop of Water.” November 15 — “Birds of Passage.” “Yosemite, the Valley of Enchantment.” FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. THE WILD FLOWER EXHIBIT IN STANLEY FIELD HALL. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 281 November 22 — “Lady Bird.” “Lizards from Everywhere.” “Hummingbirds and Eagles.” “Butterfly.” “How Plants are Born, Live and Die.” November 29 — “The First Americans” (Plains and Hopi Indians). “Our Four-footed Helpers.” “Odd Members of the Crab Family.” “Parrots and Cuckoos.” “Plants with Nerves and Stomachs.” December 6 — “Columbus.” December 13 — “Sea Worms and Sea Urchins.” “Toad Traits.” “All About Carrier Pigeons.” “A Visit to the New York Zoo.” “Finest on Four Feet” (Dogs). December 20 — “Nanook of the North.” * Grateful acknowledgement is made to Doctor Thomas W. Roberts, Director of the Zoologi- cal Museum of the University of Minnesota, for the loan of moving pictures marked with an asterisk. PUBLICATIONS A new series of publications was inaugurated during the year, which is designated as the Design Series. It is intended to render accessible in convenient form the artistic designs of primitive and oriental peoples from the rich stores in the Museum collections. The series is especially planned for the needs of teachers and pupils of public, high, technical and art schools, but should also appeal to professional designers, crafts- men, manufacturers, and students of art. The series demonstrates also that the Museum is able to render service to the industrial arts. In the regular publication series eight numbers were issued, most of the num- bers being of the Zoological Series. In the new Design Series two num- bers were issued and seventeen numbers were added to the general leaflet series. Following is a list of the publications and leaflets issued during the year: Pub. 216 — Anthropological Series, Vol. XVI. Japanese Sword-Mounts. By Helen C. Gunsaulus. December, 1923. 196 pages. 61 photogravures. Edition 1,065. 282 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Pub. 217 — Report Series, Vol. VI, No. 3. Annual Report of the Director for the year 1923. January, 1924. 99 pages. 16 photo- gravures, 1 zinc etching. Edition 3,000. Pub. 218 — Zoological Series, Vol. XII, No. 4. New Birds from Central Peru. By John T. Zimmer. April, 1924. 20 pages. Edition 993- Pub. 219 — Zoological Series, Vol. XII, No. 5. New Birds from Chile. By C. E. Hellmayr. April, 1924. 8 pages. Edition 1,109. Pub. 220 — Zoological Series, Vol. XII, No. 6. Notes on Central American Crocodile. By Karl P. Schmidt. May, 1924. 16 pages. 5 halftones. Edition 1,050. Pub. 221 — Zoological Series, Vol. XII, No. 7. New Salamanders of the Genus CEdipus with a Synoptical Key. By E. R. Dunn. May, 1924. 8 pages. Edition 1,000. Pub. 222 — Zoological Series, Vol. XIV, No. 2. Revision of Living Caenolestids with Description of a New Genus from Chile. By W. H. Osgood. October 20, 1925. 10 pages. 1 zinc etching. Edition 1,100. Pub. 223 — Zoological Series, Vol. XIII, Part III. Catalogue of Birds of the Americas. By C. B. Cory. Revised and continued by C. E. Hellmayr. November 20, 1924. 372 pages. 1 colored plate. Edition 1,547. DESIGN SERIES Anthropolog}^ Design Series, No. 1 . Block Prints from India for Textiles. By A. B. Lewis. 24 plates, 2 of which are in colors, and 2 text- figures. Edition 3,076. Anthropology Design Series, No. 2. Javanese Batik Design from Metal Stamps. By A. B. Lewis. 24 plates, 2 of which are in colors, and 2 text-figures. Edition 3,050. LEAFLETS Anthropology, No. 12. Japanese Costume. By Helen C. Gunsaulus. 4 photogravures. 26 pages. Edition 3,014. Anthropology, No. 13. Gods and Heroes of Japan. By Helen C. Gun- saulus. 4 photogravures. 24 pages. Edition 3,010. Anthropology, No. 14. Japanese Temples and Houses. By Helen C. Gunsaulus. 4 photogravures. 20 pages. Edition 3,010. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 283 Anthropology, No. 15. Use of Tobacco among North American Indians. By Ralph Linton. 6 photogravures. 27 pages. Edition 3060. Anthropology, No. 16. Use of Tobacco in Mexico and South America. By J. Alden Mason. 6 photogravures. 15 pages. Edition 3035. Anthropology, No. 17. Use of Tobacco in New Guinea and Neighboring Regions. By Albert B. Lewis. 2 photogravures. 10 pages. Edition 3030- Anthropology, No. 18. Tobacco and Its Use in Asia. By Berthold Laufer. 10 photogravures. 39 pages. Edition 2984. Anthropology, No. 19. Introduction of Tobacco into Europe. By Berthold Laufer. 66 pages. Edition 3031. Anthropology, No. 20. The Japanese Sword and Its Decoration. By Helen C. Gunsaulus. 4 photogravures. 21 pages. Edition 3037. Botany, No. 4. Cacao. By B. E. Dahlgren. 2 photogravures. 3 text- figures. 14 pages. Edition 3037. Botany, No. 5. A Fossil Flower. By B. E. Dahlgren. 6 halftones. 4 zinc etchings. 16 pages. Edition 3078. Botany, No. 6. The Cannon-Ball Tree. By B.E. Dahlgren. 6 photo- gravures. 8 pages. Edition 3050. Botany, No. 7. Spring Wild Flowers. By J. Francis Macbride. 2 photo- gravures. 28 halftones. 32 pages. Edition 6033. Botany No. 8. Spring and Early Summer Wild Flowers. By J. Francis Macbride. 2 photogravures. 28 halftones. 30 pages. Edition 6050. Botany, No. 9. Summer Wild Flowers. By J. Francis Macbride. 1 color plate. 2 photogravures. 28 halftones. 30 pages. Edition 6050. Botany, No. 10. Autumn Flowers and Fruits. By J. Francis Macbride. 1 color plate. 2 photogravures. 28 halftones. Edition 6025. Zoology, l5o. 6. The Wild Turkey. By John T. Zimmer. 1 photo- gravure. 15 pages. Edition 3055. LIBRARY There have been accessioned during the year 2,852 books and pam- phlets. The aggregate number at the close of the year was 84,555. Many valuable and important books have been added to the Library by gift, purchase and exchange. Especially noteworthy has been the acquisition of various sets, for a long time among the desiderata of the Library, as follows: Report of H. M. S. Challenger Voyage 50 volumes; Transac- tions of the Zoological Society of London, 20 volumes ; Der Naturforscher, 10 volumes, 1774-1804; Dansk Ornithologisk Tidsskrift, 17 volumes; 284 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Mitteilungen des Ornithologischen Vereins in Wien, 20 volumes, 1877- 1901 ; Larousse, Grand dictionnaire universelle, 20 volumes; and Encyclo- paedia Americana, 30 volumes. The number of books purchased has exceeded that of recent years, and these very essential aids in their work have been greatly appreciated by the members of the staff. Among the important books purchased are the following : Hamilton, Maori Art. Ceramique Ancienne du Perou. Hobson, Art of the Chinese Potter. Biny on-Sexton, Japanese Color Prints. Durante, Herbario Nuovo, Rome, 1585. Knuth, Handbook of Plant Pollination. Gloger, Vogel Europas, 1834. Temminck, Plistoire Naturelle des Pigeons, 1813-15. Brunnich, Ornithologica Borealis, 1764. Through the continued generosity and interest of Mr. Edward E. Ayer, a number of rare and classic books in ornithology have been secured. A total of 473 volumes were added to the Edward E. Ayer Ornithological Library. Among those received are finely illustrated copies of the following : Mme. Knip, Les Pigeons, 2 volumes, 1838, 1843. Bonaparte, Iconographie des Pigeons, 1857. Thorburn, Game Birds and Wild Fowl of Great Britain, 1923. Edwards, Natural History of Birds, 1 743-1 751. Hahn, Deutschlands Vogel, 1835. Naumann, Naturgeschichte der Vogel Deutschlands, 14 vol- umes, 1822-1860. Reichenbach, Naturgeschichte der Vogel, 13 volumes, 1834-1863. Pennant, British Ornithology, 4th edition, 1776-1777. , Vieillot, Histoire Naturelle des Plus Beaux Oiseaux Chanteurs, 1805. Dawson, Birds of California, 4 volumes, 1924. Audubon, Ornithological Biography, 1831. Ruppell, Neue Wirbelthiere, 2 volumes, 1835-1840. Mikan, Delectus Florae et Faunae Brasiliensis, 1820. Phillips, Natural History of the Ducks, 1922-1923. Mr. Ayer has also enlarged and enriched the ichthyological collection by the purchase of 147 volumes, among which are the following rare sets in complete volumes : Agassiz, Recherches sur les Poissons Fossiles, 10 volumes in 6. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LI. PRESENTED BY MARTIN A. RYERSON. EGYPTIAN HALL ON GROUND FLOOR. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 285 Bleeker, Atlas icthyologique des Indes Orientales Neerlandaises, 9 volumes, 1862-1872. Bloch, Ichthyologie ou Histoire Naturelle Generale et Parti- culiere, 1785-1797. Cuvier and Valenciennes, Histoire Naturelle des Poissons, 1828- 1849. Boulenger, Zoology of Egypt: The Fishes of the Nile, 1907. Donovan, Natural History of the British Fishes, 1802-1808. Goode and Kilbourne, Game Fishes of the United States, 1879. Kroyer, Danmark’s Fiske, 3 volumes in 4, 1826-1853. North, History of Esculent Fishes, 1794. Richardson, Zoology of the Voyage of H. M. S. Samarang. Fishes. 1848. Russell, Descriptions and Figures of Two Hundred Fishes, 1803. Semon, Zoologische Forschungsreisen in Australien und dem Malayischen Archipel, 5 volumes in 7, 1893-1903. Volta, Ittiolitologia Veronese del Museo Bozziano, 3 pts. in 2 volumes, 1706-1809. These accumulating gifts, especially of the out of print works, are most useful to the present day scientist and they will undoubtedly prove of great value to the student and scholar in the years to come. In addi- tion to these important gifts, other valuable contributions have been received that, aside from their intrinsic value, are especially appreciated because of the interest thus evidenced in the welfare of the Museum Library. Exchange relations have been reestablished with practically all of the institutions on the publication mailing list, and publications have been received during the year from seven hundred and twenty-three governments, societies and individuals. There were written and inserted in the different catalogues 11,710 cards. The growth of the departmental libraries necessitates the writing in duplicate of author cards for all the books sent to these libraries. Monthly installments of from four to six hundred cards have been re- ceived and filed from the John Crerar Library. Early in the year all of the books in the General Library were removed from the shelves and thoroughly cleaned. A general rearrangement of the books was necessary in order to accommodate current accessions. To further insure the preservation of the books in leather bindings ap- proximately fourteen thousand volumes were furbished and oiled. This work was done by expert bookbinders from the Monastery Bindery. There were sent to and returned from the bindery during the year 924 volumes. 286 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. The departmental libraries now present an appearance of order and system that, because of the exigencies of moving, has taken some time to attain. These libraries have been more conveniently located by moving them into rooms adjoining the offices of the Curators of the various departments. These rooms have all been freshly decorated and furnished with new stacks and cases which greatly add to their usefulness and appearance. DEPARTMENTAL CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING AND LABELING Anthropology. — In the Department of Anthropology the work of cataloguing has been continued as usual, the number of catalogue cards prepared during the year totaling 4,306. These cards are distributed geographically as follows: North American ethnology 65; South American archaeology and ethnology 1,455 ; Polynesian ethnology 1,282 ; Tasmania and Africa 10; Federated Malay States 408; Ancient Egypt 17; Greece and Miletos, Asia Minor 19; Kish, Mesopotamia 120; China, Japan, and Korea 747 ; Burma 1 ; and Edward E. Ayer pewter collection 18 1. Of these cards 3,898 have been entered in the inventory books of the Department, which number 42. The 2,053 catalogue cards for ac- cessions received in 1923 were also entered, bringing the total of cat- alogue cards entered to 5 ,95 1 . The number of accessions received during the year amounts to 60, of which 30 have been entered. There were also 20 accessions from previous years tabulated. The total number of catalogue cards entered from the opening of the first volume is 163,889. Several thousand labels for exhibition material were prepared and in- stalled in the cases, the number of labels supplied by the printer totaling 3,226. These labels are distributed as follows: China 1,123; Edward E. Ayer pewter collection 739; American Indians 679; Kish, Mesopotamia 397; Classical archaeology 218; Egypt 109; Malaysia 36; Japan 9 and miscellaneous 6. The printer supplied the department with 7,000 cat- alogue cards, 300 accession envelopes, 423 case numbers, and 526 cards for the study collections. There were prepared 450 label cards, which were added to the label-file. To the Departmental albums 182 photo- graphs were added and three new albums started; one for photographs from the Federated Malay States; one for postal cards, and one for the prints of lantern-slides. Botany. — In the Department of Botany catalogue, 16,761 entries were made during the year, and 4,067 carried over from the previous year, bringing the total number of catalogued specimens in the depart- Jan;, 1925 Annual Report of the Director 287 ment to 550,076. The entries added to the department index to col- lectors number 217, and to the index of geographic localities 53. Many labels were prepared during the year and placed in the exhi- bition halls. In the herbarium thousands of labels and genus covers were provided, particularly for algae, lichens and fungi, in con- nection with the Cryptogamic Herbarium, and likewise for economic specimens. Of printed labels, 1,608 were received from the Section of Printing. Geology. — The catalogue entries in the Department of Geology during the year number 9,668. The majority of these were of inverte- brate fossils of the Borden collection, the cataloguing of this collection having been continued. Other series catalogued were a part of the specimens collected by the Curator in Brazil and all current accessions. Some previously unrecorded specimens found in revising the study col- lection were also entered. A total number of 649 labels were written, 27 of these being descriptive. The descriptive labels related to exhibited minerals, phases of physical geology, fossils and some other newly placed exhibits, the smaller labels were for minerals, fossils, ores, etc. Sixty labels were provided for the maps and atlases filed in cases. Typewritten labels numbering several thousand were also prepared and placed with the corresponding specimens in the study collection. To the Department photograph albums 364 prints were added, making a total of 4,416. The additions were chiefly of photographs made by the Curator in Brazil. Zoology. — Considerable progress has been made during the year by the Department of Zoology in the cataloguing of specimens. The total number of regular entries made were 3,782 distributed as follows: Mam- mals, 1479; Birds, 154; Reptiles and Amphibians, 1,141; Fishes, 994; Insects, 14. In addition to these entries in the serial catalogues, there were made 2,390 entries in the index catalogue of reptiles and amphibians which is now complete for all the identified frogs, salamanders, turtles, crocodiles and lizards. A large number of cards were also written for the index catalogue of mammals, the number of entries in the different catalogues for the year thus reaching a total well over six thousand. Labeling specimens was to a large extent coincident with cataloguing and nearly all specimens recorded were also labeled, as well as many others, especially in the divisions of mammals and of reptiles. Besides the skins of mammals labeled, all cleaned skulls were carefully numbered and labeled. Photographs and lantern slides to the number of 675 were labeled and filed in the Department. 288 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. The following table shows the work performed on catalogues and inventories in the various Departments : Number of Total No. of entries to Dec. Entries during Total No. of cards Record Books 31, 1924 1924 written Department of Anthropology . . . 42 163,889 5,951 164,297 Department of Botany 63 550,076 20,828 8,400 Department of Geology 26 163,588 9,672 6,822 Department of Zoology 40 H2,453 3,782 37,359 The Library 14 145,245 II,6oi 329,627 ACCESSIONS Anthropology. — The accessions received during the year by the Department of Anthropology amount to 60; of these, 50 are by gift, 3 by exchange, 2 by purchase, 4 as the result of Museum expeditions, and 1 representing loan material returned from Hull House. The most im- portant collection coming from an expedition represents the first results of the Field Museum-Oxford University Joint Expedition engaged in the excavation of Kish, Mesopotamia. The material received this year il- lustrates very vividly the life and earliest culture of the ancient Sumer- ians who preceded the Semites in the Euphrates Valley. It is particularly rich in pottery vessels, consisting of 82 complete jars and 166 sherds with stamped and incised designs, which promise to be of great significance for the study of primitive decorative art. Flint and other stone imple- ments, a stone door-post, a stone mortar with pestle, numerous copper tools, weapons, and dishes, bone and iron implements, a silver cup, silver bracelets and bosses worn as jewelry, 27 cylinder seals with en- graved designs, 14 necklaces of lapis lazuli, rock-crystal, agate and carnelian beads, 40 clay figures representing mythological subjects and animals, four large stamped bricks, and nine tablets and cones covered with cuneiform inscriptions are other prominent features of the collec- tion. One of the stamped bricks comes down from the twenty-first century b.c. and contains an inscription of Samsu-iluna, “king of Babylon and Kish, king of the four regions,” who records his restoration of the stage-tower of Kish for the god Ilbaba and the goddess Ishtar. Reproductions of a stylus for writing, said to be the only writing instru- ment ever discovered in Babylonia, and of a pictographic stone tablet, both believed to date ca. 4,600 b.c., were sent by Prof. S. Langdon of Oxford. The total number of specimens received to date from this expedition amounts to 634. The last installment of the collections made in Colombia by former Assistant Curator Mason, under the auspices of Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 289 Captain Marshall Field, and accessioned last year was received in March in 32 cases. The material includes a great number of large pottery vases and stone implements. A stone axe, a slate celt, and a projectile point coming from Chile were received from the Captain Marshall Field Zoological Expedition to Chile and Argentina. A human skull and five flint implements associated with it were found in the Territory of Santa Cruz, Argentina, by the Captain Marshall Field Palaeontological Ex- pedition to Argentina. A very important acquisition of the year is represented by the well- known New Zealand collection of Captain T. E. Donne, presented by Mr. Arthur B. Jones. It includes prominent examples of Maori feather and flax robes, wood carvings, ornaments and weapons, and an unusually complete series of stone implements. Many of the objects are of types no longer obtainable in New Zealand. The collection is especially rich in jade, there being no less than 563 ornaments and implements of this stone. These include practically all the known forms of Maori jade work, together with unfinished artifacts and the tools used in their manufac- ture. This accession, together with the collections formerly acquired by the Museum, places the institution in the foremost rank as to Maori collections in the United States. A large Maori adze of unusually fine green jade was purchased from Mrs. J. F. Hoffman. A carved gable ornament from a Maori house was received through exchange with Mr. W. C. Chandler. It is a rare old piece carved with stone tools. A fine old Hawaiian food bowl is the gift of Mrs. E. D. Hulbert. It is of the type used for eating poi, a gruel made from pounded taro. It was highly valued by its native owners, and has been skillfully repaired in several places with wooden patches, inset and polished down smoothly in the interior and exterior. Mr. Edward E. Ayer continued his efforts to make his collection of pewter as representative as possible, with the result that 115 objects were added to his already substantial gift of 324 specimens of pewters during the preceding year. These 115 objects were received in sixteen separate lots, covering a period from January 18th to December 10th. This indication of Mr. Ayer’s unremitting enthusiasm in assembling such numerous and excellent examples from many parts of the world is gratefully acknowledged. England and Germany are represented with 42 specimens in these new accessions, China with 66, Japan with 7. To these a pitcher from Strasbourg, Alsace, was added by Mrs. Edward E. Ayer. From an archaeological viewpoint the most interesting acquisition is a Chinese pewter tablet of rectangular shape found in a grave of Ho nan Province and covered with a lengthy inscription in incised char- 290 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. acters, which yields the date a.d. 85 in the Han dynasty. An analysis made by Mr. H. W. Nichols reveals the fact that the alloy is composed of tin 19.2 per cent, lead 78.5 per cent, and zinc 1.5 per cent, and thus represents a real pewter. It was heretofore not known that pewter was manufactured in China at so early a date. This tablet may therefore claim the honor of being the oldest pewter object extant. The inscrip- tion engraved in the surface represents a deed or grant of land for the burial-place of the Governor of Tung-kun, a great scholar, wrho was highly esteemed by his contemporaries and who died in a.d. 84. The new acquisitions comprise fine tea-caddies made by Yazaemon of Kyoto in the eighteenth century and a number of Chinese boxes, trays, and jars inlaid with designs, scenes, and figures in brass. These are all of a high degree of workmanship and of great artistic merit, and date in the Ming period (fifteenth and sixteenth centuries). The Edward E. Ayer collec- tion of Pewter has now grown to such proportions, that the development of Chinese pewter productions through five centuries can be clearly traced and studied to great advantage. A very interesting collection of Chinese gourds, pottery vessels and accessories for keeping singing and fighting insects was received from Mr. Robert E. Stevenson of Peking, China. Through an arrangement made by Mr. Edward E. Ayer, who acquired the collection of Chinese pewter made by the Blackstone Expedition in 1910 for his pewter room, this new accession has been credited to the Blackstone Collections. A similar collection, relating to insects, was obtained by the Curator in China in 1923 ; it is now appropriately supplemented by this new acquisi- tion, which includes many ancient pieces of the eighteenth century and many carved gourds with elaborate covers of ivory and jade, all coming from the possession of old families. These two lots combined present a perfectly unique collection, such as does not exist elsewhere. They il- lustrate the sentimental qualities of the Chinese, their fondness of the insect musicians with studied methods of rearing and keeping them, and their keen interest in this harmless sport. A cricket-fight, especially one in which renowned champions take part, arouses great excitement and wagering, and stirs up as strong emotions among Chinese as a prize-fight in America. Mr. Stevenson presented to the Museum an ivory insect- cage, a gourd with ivory cover, an ivory box, and a glazed jar. A large embroidered cover of white silk made at Canton, China, in the beginning of the nineteenth century, was presented by Mrs. Fred- erick F. Bullen of Chicago. The embroidery, of white silk also, presents an elaborate composition of floral, animal, and bird designs, lions playing ball, kiosks, pavilions, and pagodas. A miscellaneous collection of small Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 291 objects presented by Mrs. L. M. Kneeland, Chicago, includes two in- teresting Chinese fans of carved and painted ivory brought to this country by a sea-captain in 1800. A fine old brass image of a standing Buddha in the attitude of preaching, from Mandalay, Burma, is the gift of Mr. F. A. Hardy of Evanston, Illinois. It is a solid cast and a statue of unusually good quality. A notable addition was made to the Frank W. Gunsaulus Hall by Mrs. Koshichi TsukamOto of this city, who presented the Institution with two completely dressed figures of Japanese women. They were made at Kyoto, Japan, under the direction of Mr. N. Sudzuka, whose conception of the figures is that of two unmarried sisters; society girls, dressed for the occasion of a garden-party or ready to accompany friends on an outing. The figures are skillfully carved from the wood of the kiri tree ( Paulownia imperialis ) , and the faces show the aristocratic type of the best Japanese society. The color of the complexion is well reproduced by many coatings with gofun, a preparation of chalk mixed with pow- dered sea-shells, which yields a fine lustre effect. This is a laborious process that requires over a half year’s time. The silk material for the dresses, of first quality, was especially woven for the occasion. The elder sister is clad with an outer garment of Kinsha-crepe decorated with colored designs partially woven in and partially embroidered. The designs represent a garden with pine and maples in an aristocratic residence, as it was popular a century ago in the Tokugawa period. The sash, the most prominent feature in a Japanese dress, is made of brocade decorated with designs of a white phoenix, chrysanthemums, and fan. The younger sister wears a dress of green Kinsha-crepe adorned with printed designs of cherry and wistaria, which were popular in the Fujiwara period. She carries a parasol of silk gauze painted with floral designs, while the elder sister is equipped with a fan and a crepe bag in lavender color. Miss Adele Barrett of Chicago presented a valuable Japanese suit of armor, which is by far the best example of this class now in the Museum collections. It evidently belonged to a high officer of the Samurai class. The suit is made of separate laminae of lacquered leather laced in green and red braid, and tied in place at the back and shoulders by heavy cords of red silk. Breastplate, helmet, and shoulder-pieces are decorated with painted leather and ornaments of silver and copper gilt. The front of the helmet is surmounted by the full figure of a falcon carved from silver. The sleeves are of chain-mail, and are provided with gauntlets of solid iron pieces fastened together by hinges of butterfly form. The face is covered by a mask of iron with a removable nose-piece. A signaling fan, 292 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. a sword, and a spear complete the outfit. The left tace is inscribed with a date (“sixth year of the period Shohei”) corresponding to our year A.D. 1351. A valuable collection of twenty-two old Japanese tobacco-pipes was presented by Mr. Homer E. Sargent of Pasadena. As the Museum had no pipes from Japan, this collection is especially appreciated. The pipes are of bamboo, brass, iron inlaid in silver and gold, and enamel; they are of excellent workmanship and exhibit a great variety of forms and de- signs. Mr. Sargent likewise presented a moose shoulder-blade used for the moose-call, a bow with seven arrows, and a pair of .snow-shoes from the Yukon Territory, Canada. A collection of eighty very interesting small ivory carvings made by the Eskimo of Labrador, Canada, was purchased by the Museum. Mrs. Joseph Adams presented several valuable miscellaneous objects consisting of a Navaho saddle blanket and silver necklace, a pair of silver ear-rings and a silver fillet of a Negro woman from Barbados, Trinidad, and baskets from China, Samoa, the Sudan, Chile, and Northwest Coast. A red obsidian spear-head from the Yurok tribe of Humboldt County, presented by Mr. Chauncey Keep, is a welcome addition to the obsidian blades contributed last year by Mr. Chauncey Keep and Mr. Watson F. Blair jointly, and illustrated in the Annual Report for the year 1923. Mr. L. Winternitz presented a garment of the Seminole Indians of Florida and four dolls showing the modes of dressing of the same tribe. A small American Indian collection was obtained through exchange with Mr. M. C. Chandler. It includes Iroquois garments and implements of types not previously represented in the Museum, and a number of objects from the Fox of Iowa. There are some fine examples of old bead and ribbon work, woven bags, and a feather necklace worn only by famous warriors. The complete paraphernalia of a Tlingit shaman, consisting of a bear-skin cloak, rattles, head-dresses, necklaces, and charms, was received through exchange with Lieutenant G. T. Emmons. The Museum has few ceremonial objects from this tribe, and the sha- man’s outfit forms an important addition. A large Chilkat blanket, in perfect condition and differing in design from those in the possession of the Museum, was presented by Mrs. James W. Scott. A Comanche woman’s costume of white-beaded buckskin was secured through exchange with A. Skinner. It is a novel type hitherto unrepresented in the collections. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. NORTH AMERICAN CATS. installed for systematic exhibit of mammals. TAXIDERMY BY JULIUS FRIESSER. Length of case 12 feet. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 293 Botany. — The largest accessions in the Department of Botany dur- ing the year were the Zenker, Kamerun, collection by purchase from Museum d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, containing, approximately, 5,000 specimens, and a collection of 4,000 Philippine plants from A. D. E. Elmer, Manila. Other collections acquired by purchase were 839 Peru- vian plants from Dr. A. Weberbauer of Lima; a collection of 539 specimens from Santa Cruz, Bolivia, from Jose Steinbach; 548 plants of British Guiana from Dr. H. A. Gleason of New York Botanical Garden; 302 specimens from Santa Cruz, collected by Dr. E. Werdermann of Santiago de Chile; 375 numbers from W. E. Broadway of Port of Spain, Trinidad; 206 Mexican plants from T. S. Brandegee, University of California; 360 of various European collectors from Theo. Weigel, and 100 specimens from the Canaries from O. Burchard, Teneriffe. A gift of 150 herbarium specimens was received from Prof. E. B. Payson, Laramie, Wyoming; 58 from Prof. S. J. Record of the Yale School of Forestry; 30 from Dr. C. R. Ball, Washington; 4 from Dr. J. N. Rose, Washington, and 12 from Dr. E. E. Sherff, Chicago. By exchange there were received during the year from the Gray Herbarium 587; the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England, 335; and from the United States Department of Agriculture 1,634, making a total of 2,556 numbers. There were received 500 herbarium specimens from the Captain Marshall Field Paleontological Expedition in Patagonia collected by E. S. Riggs. The collections made by A. C. Persaud in British Guiana are also credited to a Captain Marshall Field Museum Expedition. Of the 772 specimens 87 are pieces of tropical woods of great value, being accompanied in each case by abundant herbarium material collected at the same time and from the identical tree yielding the wood. From Brazil 16 economic specimens, collected by Dr. O. C. Farrington on the Captain Marshall Field 1924 Brazilian Expedition, were received. The department sent out in exchange 2,266 herbarium specimens during the past year. Loans made to other herbaria number 42, involving 4,349 specimens, while 1,202 herbarium sheaths were borrowed from 13 other institutions for study in the Museum. Geology. — The Department of Geology is indebted to Hon. Stephen T. Mather and Messrs. Ford and Byron Harvey for the gift of two valuable stone slabs showing fossil tracks. These slabs, having a total area of ten square feet, show well-preserved tracks of some amphibians of the Carboniferous period. They were collected on the Hermit Trail at Grand Canyon, Arizona. They are of interest, not only for their degree of preservation, but for their record of early amphibian life. It is a 294 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. pleasure to acknowledge the kind offices of Mr. Edward E. Ayer in connection with this gift. By gift from Mr. William J. Chalmers twenty-eight specimens of crystallized minerals were added to his previous generous contributions to the collection of crystals. Especially worthy of mention are two fine specimens of the rare and beautiful mineral, dioptase. A cut Persian turquois of remarkable size, weighing 234.7 carats, was presented by Mr. H. H. Topakyan. Two teeth of especially large size of the fossil mammoth found in Snake River, Idaho, were presented by Mr. H. S. Burroughs. The Indiana Limestone Quarrymen’s Association presented a full series, numbering twenty-one specimens, of the varieties of Indiana limestone used in building. Before presenting the specimens the Association obtained full infor- mation from the Museum as to the size and finish desired, and prepared the exhibit in accordance with these specifications. Three specimens showing the interesting phenomena of stylolites were also presented by this Association. Several new varieties of candles and of oils presented by the Standard Oil Company (Indiana) make a desirable addition to the representation of petroleum products. A number of specimens of a new occurrence of axinite and some other minerals were collected by Associate Curator Nichols while on a trip to the Porcupine gold mining region, Canada, and a total number of nine specimens of telluride gold ores from the same region were presented by the Lake Shore Mines, Ltd. and the Wright-Hargreaves Mines, Ltd. By exchange with the U. S. National Museum a full-sized section of the Four Corners meteorite, and a cast of the same, were acquired, and by exchange with Henry E. Lee, 20 specimens of fossil plants of Lower Cretaceous age from South Dakota. The most important accession by purchase was that of three skeletons of duck-billed dinosaurs. These are forms which have not hitherto been represented in the Museum and come from a new faunal horizon, that of the Kirtland shales of Upper Cretaceous age in New Mexico. The skeletons are nearly complete and will provide good mounts. One skull is remarkable for its size, being four feet in length. A series of six casts representing restorations of fossil horses, obtained by purchase, aids in interpreting the relations of the incomplete specimens of these horses now on exhibition. To the meteorite collection an entire stone meteorite of a recent fall from Kansas weighing eleven pounds, was added by purchase, as well as an individual of the Ness City, Kansas, fall weighing three pounds. From the Capt. Marshall Field Paleontological Expedition to Argen- tina there were received during the year 82 boxes and 12 barrels of Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 295 specimens collected by the Expedition. The shipments included archeo- logical, botanical and zoological specimens which were unpacked and distributed to the corresponding departments of the Museum. The remaining specimens for the most part have been retained in their original packages, and are being unpacked only as they are needed for preparation for exhibition. Zoology. — The total accessions in the Department of Zoology num- ber 10,414, the larger part being the result of gifts and purchases rather than expeditions, since no shipments arrived from the principal expedi- tion in the field during the year. The specimens accessioned comprise the following: Mammals, 571; birds, 3,155; eggs and nests, 165; reptiles and amphibians, 1,682 ; fishes, 955 ; insects, 3,876. Of the 218 mammals purchased, 104 were from central Europe, 62 from West Africa, and the remainder from South America. The most extensive gift received by the Division of Birds consisted of 880 birdskins, 43 sets of eggs and 30 nests, presented by Mr. J. Grafton Parker of Chicago. The collection was assembled from 1885 to 1895 or j897, mostly in Illinois, Indiana and Wisconsin, with some material from Texas, California, and scattered localities elsewhere. Many of the Illinois birds were taken in localities that now form solidly built sections of the city of Chicago. Besides those which thus have a historical interest, there are a number of local rarities and other desirable specimens, including two examples of the extinct Passenger Pigeon. Another gift of local interest is that of a nest and egg of the Passenger Pigeon, presented by Judge R. Magoon Barnes, one of the very few nests of this bird that are known to be preserved. Important purchases of birds include a collection of 390 specimens from northeastern Brazil, in which there is much material new to the Museum and some forms probably undescribed in ornithological litera- ture. Among the especially desirable species are Avocettula recurvirostris, Todirostrum illigeri, T. schulzi and P achy sylvia rubrifrons. A further purchase of 297 European birds was made, supplementing the larger collection obtained from the same region in 1923. Small lots of birds were received from various sources and, taken all together, the new bird material for the year represents a wide range of territory including the following countries: Australia, New Guinea, Japan, Korea, India, Ceylon, Formosa, Turkestan, Loo Choo Islands, Germany, Portuguese Guinea, Uganda, Cape Colony, West Indies, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, British Guiana, Venezuela, Canada, and various parts of the United States. 296 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. In the Division of Reptiles, important gifts were 115 living reptiles, together with vivaria and aquaria, from the Davis Dry Goods Company of Chicago; 150 specimens from Panama, presented by Dr. W. C. Allee of the University of Chicago; 3 salamanders from Robert B. Ekvall of Kansu, China; 78 salamanders from E. B. Steen and B. B. Crane of Wabash College; and two paratypes of a Santo Domingan tree frog from the American Museum of Natural History. Although no expeditions especially seeking reptiles were in the field, considerable accessions of this group of animals were received from ex- peditions having other things as their primary object. The Captain Marshall Field Expedition to Chile contributed 491 specimens, the Captain Marshall Field Geological Expedition to Brazil and Argentina 44 specimens, and the Captain Marshall Field Expedition to Texas 55 specimens. Chinese reptiles to the number of 158 were accessioned, being the first installment of a division of the collections of the Third Asiatic Expedition of the American Museum of Natural History. These specimens are from collections already made by the Expedition, and are being received in partial exchange for the work of Assistant Curator Schmidt in preparing a scientific report on them. Therefore, they are not necessarily concerned in any division of subsequent collections of the Third Asiatic Expedition under the cooperative agreement. Accessions of fishes were 955 specimens, not a large number for this group of animals, but the proportion that is especially preserved for exhibition purposes is unusually large. The Captain Marshall Field Expedition to Texas obtained no less than 12 1 skins and casts from fresh examples, including several species of sharks, rays and other fishes of large size. These will make it possible to place in the exhibition series excellent examples of several groups of fishes which are not now avail- able for exhibition, or are only poorly represented. Many of the casts have a high scientific value because the method of casting retains struc- tural details in perfect condition for study. Through the courtesy of the Booth Fisheries Company, a cast was made of an exceptionally large Lake Sturgeon. This will make it possible to compare specimens of about equal size of the Lake Sturgeon, which practically loses its bony armor with age, and the Atlantic Sturgeon, in which this armor is fully devel- oped at all ages. Specimens of fishes were presented by the Davis Dry Goods Company, by the Lincoln Park Aquarium and by Dr. W. M. McCarty of Des Moines, Iowa. Small but important lots of fishes were ob- tained by purchase and exchange from New Jersey, Maryland and Florida. Of the 3,876 insects accessioned, two-thirds consisted of exotic spe- cies. The largest and most noteworthy acquisition was a purchase of Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 297 2,160 insects of various orders from British New Guinea, the majority of them belonging to species new to the collections. Of special interest were several specimens of the largest known katydid, an insect five inches in length and having a wing expanse of nine inches. A welcome gift of 226 butterflies from Belgian Congo was received from Maj. A. M. Collins of Philadelphia. From the United States and Canada, gifts of insects included 135 butterflies and moths from Dr. C. E. Hellmayr, 175 miscellaneous insects from Mr. A. B. Wolcott, and 45 especially desirable and rather rare butterflies and moths from Dr. William Barnes of Decatur, Illinois. EXPEDITIONS Anthropology. — The operations of the Field Museum-Oxford Uni- versity Joint Expedition to Kish, Mesopotamia, have been continued this year, apparently with good results. The expedition has been at work this season since October 8th, and has made progress with the fine Sumerian palace and the tablet hill. The discovery of more frag- ments of the fine inlay work found last year is reported by Ernest Mackay, field director and excavator, and some tablets have been re- covered from Mound “W.” Botany. — While in Florida during the year, Dr. B. E. Dahlgren visited the Ten Thousand Islands region on the lower west coast of the peninsula. Through the generosity of the Florida West Coast Railway and Navigation Company, which placed a tug at his disposal, he was able to visit Cape Sable and the Big Mangrove at the mouth of Shark River. Some subsequent collecting in the Florida Keys yielded a number of interesting items for the Hall of Plant Life. During five months of the year the Museum’s collector in Guiana continued the collection of woody plants, particularly forest trees. His wood-specimens associated with accompanying herbarium material will make it possible to study and to assign a definite botanical status to many species of tropical woods hitherto known only by vernacular names. Geology. — Field work of the Department of Geology has been con- fined during the year to that carried on by the Captain Marshall Field Expedition for Vertebrate Paleontology. The work of this Expedition has been throughout the year in Argentina and Bolivia. In the early part of the year, studies of and collections in the geo- logical formation known as the Deseado were carried on by the Expe- dition. Having finished with the locality of Coluhe Huapi, mentioned in last year’s report, scouting parties were pushed northward to Rio 298 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Chubut and northwestward through the San Bernardo range to the River Senguer, in quest of new collecting grounds. Various small and isolated deposits of fossil mammals were discov- ered. Some weeks were spent in exploring the San Bernardo Hills, where dinosaurs of Cretaceous age were found in three localities. Out of deference to the Museo de La Plata, which was carrying on research in the dinosaurs of Argentina, no collections of these fossils had hitherto been made. To preserve a record of this new field, a few representa- tive specimens of Cretaceous dinosaurs were here collected. A repre- sentative of the Museo de La Plata visited the Expedition and was allowed to make studies of these specimens and of the formation in which they were found. The collections were brought together at Colonia Sarmiento and then packed and forwarded to the Port of Commodoro Rivadavia. The heavier equipment was also forwarded to that port and preparations made to move southward to better known collecting grounds. Some reconnoissance was made in the vicinity of Los Heras, Santa Cruz, after which the party proceeded to the coastwise exposures south of the Gulf of St. George. At Punt a Casamayor some collections were made of the earliest known fossil mammals of South America. The classic locality of Punta Nava was also visited, after which the party proceeded to the richer fossil beds at La Fleche, an inland basin south of the Rio Deseado. The months of March and April were spent in making col- lections from these localities. New fossil-bearing localities of the Deseado formation were discov- ered near Pico Truncado and near Cerro Madre y Higa. A fossil pine forest with tree trunks standing and prone, and with fossil pine cones and branches associated, was discovered in the Patagonian Beds near Cerro Madre y Higa. A valuable collection consisting of more than one hundred fossil pine cones and an equal number of specimens of associated fossil pine twigs, roots and branches was here made. The collections from the widely separated localities in the Territory of Santa Cruz were then forwarded to the Port of Deseado and made ready for shipment. Owing to the approach of the southern winter, it then became neces- sary to move northward. Snow and difficult roads were encountered on the high pampas of Chubut, but Collectors Sternberg and Abbott reached Buenos Aires in time to make connections for their return to the Museum. After the arrival of Associate Curator Riggs at Buenos Aires, the formality of inspecting the collections according to Argentine law, was Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 299 carried out before a committee of museum directors and curators at the National Museum of Buenos Aires. The entire collection was taken to the museum, unpacked and the greater part of it unwrapped and displayed. Certain specimens were held on the grounds of being new to the local collections ; others were detained to be studied and dupli- cated in plaster, with a promise of being later restored to Field Museum. The entire collection was then repacked in 51 shipping cases and freed for exportation. It was then shipped to the Museum, as were also 6 packing cases containing Indian skeletons and artifacts, skins and skeletons of birds and mammals, bird’s eggs, specimens in formalin, pressed plants and photographic negatives, all collected or made by the Expedition. The third and fourth field problems undertaken by the Expedition were to find profitable collecting grounds in, and to make collections of fossil mammals from, the Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits of Argen- tina and Bolivia. In pursuit of this purpose and while awaiting inspec- tion of the collections, a trip was made to the city of Parana in company with Sr. Alberto Lelong, and a reconnoissance of some thirty miles along the banks of the Parana River carried on in quest of profitable collecting grounds. Because of rising waters in the river, how- ever, it was found that the locality could not be profitably worked at that time. In order to carry on the work of collecting, it was then found neces- sary to move northward to a more favorable climate. Accordingly, the Expedition proceeded to Tarija, Bolivia, which was reached near the end of July. A promising collecting ground was soon discovered, and a party of native laborers under the direction of Sr. Jose Strocco was employed. Work was continued until the end of November, when the approach of the season of torrential rains made further collecting impracticable, but during the period when work could be done a large and valuable amount of material was secured. This was packed in 34 cases, most of which were too heavy to be transported by pack ani- mals. The rains having made roads impassable for vehicles, transporta- tion of this collection to the railway was deferred until the close of the rainy season. Preparations for resuming collecting in the vicinity of Bahia Blanca, Argentina, were then made. The equipment was shipped to that point, the motor cars were made ready for service and all was placed in stor- age to await resumption of the work of the Expedition. The results attained by the Expedition during the year may be summarized as follows: From the Cretaceous formations, 3 specimens 300 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. of dinosaurs; from the Deseado formations, 229 specimens of fos- sil mammals, 4 of fossil birds, 3 of fossil fish, and 3 of fossil plant impressions ; from the Patagonian Beds, 430 specimens of fossil shells, and 246 of fossil pine cones, branches and roots; from the Pliocene formations, 114 specimens of fossil shells, and from the Pleistocene for- mations, 12 1 specimens of fossil mammals and one of fossil birds. The majority of all these specimens are entirely new to the Museum col- lections. Twenty lithological and mineral specimens were collected, as were also 19 archeological specimens, including celts, potsherds and other artifacts, 50 pressed plants, 14 lizards in formalin and 3 skulls of modern mammals. One hundred and eighty photographic negatives and 1 1 five-meter cinema films were made. Other results attained consist of field notes, geological sections and maps, and many data bearing on fossil-bearing localities, which will be of value in guiding future work. Zoology. — The zoological expedition to Central Africa, which was despatched late in 1923, remained in the field throughout 1924 and, with some changes in the personnel, is continuing into 1925. This expedi- tion, which was organized under the joint auspices of Captain Marshall Field and Major A. M. Collins, was conducted at first by Maj. Collins and Assistant Curator Heller of the Museum staff, with the assistance of Mr. T. A. Barns. On July 10, Mr. Barns severed his connection with the expedition and, about two months later, Maj. Collins started on his return to the United States, leaving Mr. Heller still in the field where he was joined late in the year by his wife, Hilda Hempl Heller, who will assist him in continued work in 1925. During 1924, the party worked, principally, in the eastern part of Belgian Congo in or near the great rain forest of central Africa. They arrived at the port of Dar es Salaam January 3, and went inland by rail to Kigoma on Lake Tanganika and thence to Usumburu. Here they employed a short time in a trip to the edge of the forest to the north- east and obtained a small number of interesting animals, including sev- eral species of monkeys, a white forest hog and a yellow-backed duiker- buck. Thence they went to Lake Kivu and in mountains northeast of Kissenyi obtained their first specimen of the Chimpanzee. From Kissenyi, they organized a safari and traveled westward down into the heart of the Congo forest in quest of great apes, especially Gorillas. Three days’ march beyond the village of Walikali and a very long dis- tance from the preserve established by the Belgian government, they found Gorillas and obtained two specimens, this being the limit per- FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LIU. A QUEEN CRAPEMYRTLE ( Lagerstroemia speciosa). reproduction of a flowering and fruiting branch IN THE HALL OF PLANT LIFE. (STANLEY FIELD LABORATORY). Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 301 mitted by the Belgian authorities. One of the specimens was a very large old male weighing 350 pounds and having an arm spread of over 90 inches, one of the largest Gorillas ever recorded. In the same region a number of Chimpanzees, various species of smaller monkeys and other rare animals were obtained. Returning from Walikali to the mission of Katana on Lake Kivu, the expedition passed through country inhab- ited by hostile tribes and suffered the loss of three of its native bearers who were murdered in cold blood. After some weeks spent in Kissenyi, the party proceeded via x\ma- kona and Beni to Irumu in the district of Ituri. Here Maj. Collins had some successful elephant hunting, and Mr. Heller devoted himself to general collecting until the arrival of Mrs. Heller late in the year. Among interesting specimens obtained in this region were several of the small red forest buffalo. At the end of the year a large consignment of specimens had been despatched to America but at this writing have not reached the Museum. The Captain Marshall Field Chilean Expedition continued to have one representative, Mr. C. C. Sanborn, in the field until August, 1924. After working in the north under favorable climatic conditions, he returned to south central Chile in order to make trips into the Andes which had previously been impractical on account of heavy snow in the passes. Two and a half months were spent in crossing the Andes via the Longimani Valley and over the border into Argentina. Much valuable material was secured here, and Mr. Sanborn then returned to the northern provinces, visiting Caldera and Gatico on the coast and then going inland to high altitudes east of Antofogasta. Further work was done at Pica in the Province of Tarapaca and at Arica, the northernmost port of Chile. Work was then concluded with several weeks spent in high mountains on the Bolivian border inland from Arica. The total Chilean collections of this expedition, all of which have now been received at the Museum, amount to 1,105 mammals, 1,437 birds, 1,300 reptiles and amphibians and, in addition, various insects, fossils and anthropological material. Since very little well-organized work had been done previously in Chile, this is doubtless the best collection of Chilean vertebrates in existence. It has not yet been carefully studied, but among outstanding novelties four new species of birds and a new genus of mammals have been described in the publications of the Museum. An expedition of two months duration was made during the summer to the Gulf of Mexico on the coast of southern Texas, the particular object being subtropical fishes, especially sharks and rays, for exhibi- 302 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. tion purposes* This was conducted by Assistant Curator Weed and Taxidermist Pray who cooperated in selecting suitable material, in taking color notes, measurements, and miscellaneous data for subse- quent use in the preparation of the specimens for exhibition. The larger fishes were mostly cast in plaster from freshly caught examples, thus preserving the most minute details of their form and structure. No less than 12 1 plaster casts and dried skins of fishes, mostly of large size, were secured. Included were twenty casts of sharks of various sizes and representing at least six species. There were also casts of 10 rays belonging to the species known as Cow-nosed Rays, Leopard Rays and Butterfly Rays. In addition to the fishes, the expedition brought back 20 mammals, 93 birds, 55 reptiles and about 850 insects. Besides the foregoing regular expeditions under the auspices of Captain Marshall Field, a semi-official zoological expedition of con- siderable importance was conducted by Mr. H. B. Conover, Associate in Ornithology. In cooperation with Mr. Herbert Brandt of Cleve- land, Ohio, and a party from the U. S. Biological Survey, Mr. Conover went to central Alaska and, after a winter trip of 800 miles with dog sleds, reached the Bering Sea coast in the vicinity of Hooper Bay near the delta of the Yukon River. Here the early spring and summer months were spent in collecting specimens of the many rare species of waterfowl which have this remote region as their breeding ground. Certain parts of the collection made have been presented to the Museum, and the remainder, including many rare species and an especially valuable series of nestling and immature-plumaged birds, are deposited in Mr. Conover’s collection where they are available for reference by the Museum staff. The following list indicates the various expeditions in the field during the year, all of which are partly or entirely under the auspices of Captain Marshall Field: Locality Collector Material Mesopotamia S. H. Langdon and Archaeological Collections E. Makay Argentina Elmer S. Riggs, Paleontological Collections Bolivia J. B. Abbott, and G. F. Sternberg Chile C. C. Sanborn Mammals, Birds and Reptiles Central Africa A. M. Collins Mammals Edmund Heller, and Hilda H. Heller Texas A. C. Weed, and Fishes L. L. Pray British Guiana A. C. Persaud Tropical Woods Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 303 INSTALLATION, REARRANGEMENT AND PERMANENT IMPROVEMENT Anthropology — The activities of the Department of Anthro- pology were equally divided during the year between the instal- lation of new exhibition material and the arrangement of study, exchange and storage collections on the third and fourth floors and in the storage-room on the ground floor. A total of sixty newly installed cases were placed on exhibition during the year. Prompted by the desire to render accessible to the public the results of recent expeditions, several notable additions and changes have been made in Stanley Field Hall. At the south end of this hall were placed two standard cases (23 and 24) of brown mahogany. The exhibits illustrate state robes and other court paraphernalia of the extinct Manchu dynasty of China. These articles were secured by the Curator during the Captain Marshall Field Expedition to China in 1923. One of the cases contains an imperial costume of yellow silk tapestry, as worn by the emperors of the Manchu dynasty on cere- monial occasions; a sacrificial robe embroidered on yellow silk and worn by the emperor during worship or at the performance of sacrifices ; the state robe of an empress, of yellow silk embroidered with eight five-clawed dragons in gold; and the state robe of a Manchu prince, of blue satin likewise embroidered with dragons. These four costumes come down from the K‘ien-lung period (1736-95). In the case on the opposite side are displayed the ceremonial robe of an empress, of mid- night-blue silk with buttons carved from amber, the dress of a lady of the Manchu aristocracy, head-dresses of Manchu princesses formed by a combination of jade, coral, rose-quartz, pearls, and blue kingfisher feathers inlaid in silver, the velvet hat of an empress, satin hats and caps of princes, a yellow silk belt with white jade carving worn by the emperor, and five silk belts of different colors with jade buckles worn by the princes, as well as fans used by palace ladies on ceremonial occasions. One of these is a marvel of technical skill, being plaited from ivory threads held by a tortoise-shell rim and overlaid with colored ivory carvings of lilies, peonies, asters, and butterfly. Another court fan is of red silk tapestry in which fungus and orchids are woven in colors; it has an ivory handle on which the eight figures of the Im- mortals are engraved. String bags from New Guinea were removed from Case 16 of Stanley Field Hall and replaced with fabrics and ex- amples of metal ware selected from the collections of the Arthur B. Jones Expedition to Malaysia, 1923. A royal sarong of red silk bro- cade with geometric design in gold threads, worn by the late Sultan 304 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Idris of Perak on the occasion of his last marriage (illustrated in last year’s Report), and a bridal mat embroidered with floral designs in gold threads, on which the bride and groom sit in state during the wedding ceremony to receive the congratulations of their friends, testify to the accomplishments and skill of the Malayan artisans. No less interesting is the process of inlaid silver wire in the belt buckles as well as the fine filigree work in the women’s ear-studs and breast-orna- ments. Jewelry, silver pillow-ends with gold mountings, a fine kris, and a betel-nut set are also shown in this case. Case 20 in Stanley Field Hall was stripped of American basketry and utilized for the dis- play of a selection of antiquities secured by the Field Museum-Oxford University Joint Expedition, representing the first results of the excavations carried on on the site of Kish, the oldest capital of Meso~ potamia. The principal exhibits in this case are a series of fine neck- laces consisting of lapis-lazuli, rock-crystal, agate, and carnelian beads, jewelry in the shape of copper, silver and shell rings as well as silver bosses, stone and bone implements, flint saws, copper and iron weapons and tools, copper and silver dishes, cylinder seals of shell, hematite, and calcite engraved with interesting designs, clay figures and plaques, a large inscribed brick recording the restoration of the temple of Ilbaba, god of Kish, of the eleventh century B.c., inscribed clay cones and tablets, the reproduction of the only stylus for writing ever discovered, a series of pottery vessels glazed and unglazed, and pottery sherds with stamped and incised designs. A Persian embroidered tent made for the Sultan Aga Mohammed Shah (1785-97) was loaned by H. H. Topakyan, Vizir of Persia, and temporarily exhibited in Stanley Field Hall. A feat of technical engineering is represented by the reconstruc- tion of the two Mastaba tombs from Egypt in Hall J, which were com- pleted and opened to the public in October. They were excavated at Sakkara, the necropolis of ancient Memphis. One, the tomb of Unis- ankh, of the sixth dynasty (2600 b.c.), was presented by Mr. Martin A. Ryerson. The other, the tomb of User-neter, of the fifth dynasty (about 2700 b.c.), is a Museum purchase. The blocks of these two tombs reached Chicago in May, 1909, in 206 large cases weighing 96 tons. The work of building up the tombs was placed in charge of the Superintendent of Maintenance, who acquitted himself of this difficult task with great ingenuity, after patient and careful study of the technical problems involved. The more prominent features of the work may briefly be placed on record, in the hope that the information may prove useful to other institutions confronted with a similar task. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 3°5 The lower courses of the stone slabs, to an average height of one meter, were not shipped to Chicago, as they were devoid of carvings, and were replaced with pre-cast cement blocks and channel steel frame- work. Wherever stones were missing in the upper courses, these were also replaced with pre-cast cement blocks. In order to prevent mois- ture coming into contact with the original stones, the replacements were dried and seasoned before the walls were laid up. In lieu of mortar the stones were bedded in lead strips a quarter inch thick, each stone being connected with the adjoining stone by dowels both on the horizontal and vertical joints and with additional metal clamps on the upper side of each course. As it is desirable to have the backs of the stones visible and accessible, each block is secured to a bracketed up- right steel channel. As there is little uniformity in the sizes of the blocks or regularity in the courses, each stone is bracketed and anchored with especially devised connections. This was a difficult task, for it was essential to avoid cutting away the backs of the stones or changing in any way their appearance. The illumination of the interior was effected by raising the ceiling 18 inches above the walls and placing the lights in a trough back from the face of the wall, so that they are not visible from the ground. Large view glasses are provided in such a way that visitors can walk into one chamber of each tomb. For a more intimate observation on the part of students, doors are provided so that it is possible to walk through the chambers. In the rear, the two tombs are sealed with a wall set 18 inches away from the stones and providing a passage-way completely around both tombs and furnishing access to the backs of the stones. The room back of the tombs is mechanically ventilated, and the arrangement of the lighting overcomes any possible tendency to humidity on either side of the stones. The following data may also be of interest. The height of both tombs to the top of the walls averages 1 1 feet. The main chamber in the tomb of User-neter is 12 feet long and 5 feet, 9 inches wide; the ante-chamber is 12 feet in length by 5 feet in width. The main cham- ber in the tomb of Unis-ankh is 17 feet long and 6 feet wide, while the ante-chamber is 8 feet, 8 inches by 5 feet. The stele in the same tomb is a monolith and weighs a little less than 7 tons. The stele in the tomb of User-neter is in seven pieces and weighs about 4F2 tons. Fifty of the miscellaneous Egyptian tomb-sculptures from Gizeh and Memphis, extending from the late third to the twentieth dynasty, were framed under glass and placed on the pilasters of the Egyptian Hall (J). Most of the sculptures have been provided with labels re- 306 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. vised in the light of recent research. A reproduction of the famous Rosetta stone was likewise added to the exhibits. Six cases were installed in Ayer Hall by Assistant Curator Owen: one of Etruscan wine- jars, one of Etruscan bronzes, two cases of Etrus- can cinerary urns; one case of vases from southern Italy, and one of Greek bronzes. Re-installations were made in several other exhibi- tion cases, and a general rearrangement of the cases in the Hall was made. Repeated additions made by Mr. Edward E. Ayer to his collection of pewter housed in Hall 23 at the north end of the second floor en- tailed a complete re-installation of the Ayer Pewter Collection last June. It is now arranged in eleven cases as follows: Cases 1-2 contain trays, communion and other plates from England, Germany, Holland, Austria, and Bohemia. In Cases 3-4 are exhibited lamps, candlesticks, flagons, flasks, tea-pots, milk-containers, plates, tureens, mugs, tank- ards, and guild-cups of Germany. In Case 5 are displayed examples of candlesticks, lamps, jugs, flasks, ewers, tea-pots, milk-pitchers, dishes, cups, and plates of England and France. Case 6 is devoted to tea-pots, trays, boxes from China, with a few tea-pots from Japan. It comprises a remarkable series of tea-pots of all imaginable forms with handle, spout and cover-knob of jade; those with body mounted on carved coconut-shell and fine bamboo plaiting are also rare pieces. Case 7 contains Chinese chafing-dishes, fruit-dishes, finger-bowls, wine-cups, and a set of 62 objects constituting the dower of a well-to-do Peking bride. Case 8 illustrates Chinese devices of illumination in the shape of four candelabra, an excellent series of figures representing the Eight Immortals combined with candlesticks, three different forms of the Twin Genii of Harmony and Union treated in the same manner, and other candlesticks with representations of dragons, stags, cranes, and lions. Case 9 is likewise given over to China with a notable sacrificial lamp inlaid with designs and figures in brass, of the Ming period (about sixteenth century), two figures of a water-buffalo with a boy playing a flute astride, several other cast figures, tall ewers and tea-pots, and three sets of altar-pieces used in ancestral worship. Case 10 contains a baptismal basin made in Germany in 1717 and decorated with an etched design of John the Baptist baptizing Christ in the Jordan. In Case 11 are on view exceptionally fine tea-canisters from Japan (eighteenth century), two from China of the K‘ang-hi period (1662-1722), and the Han dynasty pewter tablet described on p. 289. The installation is now complete, save 18 pieces acquired during the last few months. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 307 Five cases of new exhibits were added to the Hall of Oriental The- atricals (Cases 29-33, Hall I, ground floor). They contain the actors’ costumes obtained last year by the Curator in Peking. At that time Peking actors and actresses posed for him in these costumes before the camera, a characteristic scene or posture being selected for each, as prompted by the play in question. On the basis of the photographs thus secured Chinese students at the University of Chicago were picked and, as far as possible, matched for the characters they were to impersonate. Casts of their faces and hands were taken by the modeler in the department’s modeling section. From these casts the heads, faces, and hands were modelled, and special attention was devoted to a life-like reproduction of the skin color. The figures were posed exactly as shown in the photographs, resulting in an accurate representation of the original stage-picture. In the previous theatrical exhibits it was mainly the religious and mythological drama of the Chinese that was emphasized. With the new additions all the prin- cipal varieties of stage-plays are shown: civilian, military or historical, and dance performances. The new exhibits are also instructive in presenting a contribution to the history of costume and permitting one to study the styles of the T‘ang and Ming dynasties. Thus Yang Kwei-fei (Case 33, Hall I) , a celebrated court-lady of the eighth century appears in a dress peculiar to the T'ang dynasty; and T‘siu Hu, the hero of the play, “The Meeting in the Mulberry-Garden,” is garbed in the characteristic apparel of the old-time scholar and official, which prevailed under the Ming. Of the numerous historical plays, the story of the Three Kingdoms is still the most popular, and in view of the fact that the best there is in Chinese character is typified in the great figures of the national heroes who form the backbone of that historical romance, it seemed appropriate to include them in this series of favorite casts. The three brothers-in-arms, Kwan Yii, Liu Pei, and Chang Fei, who were bound by a solemn compact to fight and die together, are grouped in Case 29, while in the adjoining Case 30 appear the powerful hero Chu-ko Liang and the knight-errant Chao Yun. In the same case is placed on exhibit the figure of a mili- tant heroine in martial dress, carrying four flags on her back as a symbol of military rank. Large pheasant feathers adorn her head- dress. In striking contrast with these exponents of warlike activity stands on the opposite side the mild goddess Ma Ku, engaged in the performance of a sacred dance which will initiate her into the mysteries of immortal life among the gods of the Taoist paradise. The flowers (made of silk) which she carries in a basket over her shoulder are emblematic of the blessings she has in store for mankind. 308 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Three cases were added to the Chinese collections in Hall 24 (east gallery), one of feather and gauze fans, one of writing-materials, and one illustrating the use of tobacco and smoking utensils. The exhibit of writing-materials includes all the manifold varieties of brushes for writing, drawing, and painting, artist’s pigments, ink-cakes (ancient and modern) adorned with fine engravings, palettes, ink- stones and all implements used on the desk with specimens of letter-paper and enve- lopes. The imperial letter-paper used by the emperors of the Manchu dynasty is a special feature of the exhibit. The contents of the case illustrating the use of tobacco in China is fully explained in Leaflet 18: it contains good series of long-stemmed pipes for dry tobacco, water-pipes of all descriptions from Shanghai, Suchow, Hangchow, and Canton, opium-pipe and opium-smoker’s outfit, a fine series of old snuff -bottles, and samples of tobacco-leaves and snuffs. Three cases were installed with Chinese baskets and lacquer ware, and another with ivory carvings. These will be placed on exhibition shortly. The fact that China has also produced artistic basketry and that old baskets going back to the eighteenth century are still obtain- able, was hitherto unknown. The exhibits include baskets of high quality from almost every locality of central and southern China where this industry still flourishes. Among the lacquers will be found many rare and fine examples of early carved lacquer of the Ming period as well as lacquers painted with landscapes or inlaid in mother- of-pearl of the K‘ang-hi and K‘ien-lung periods. The two dressed figures of Japanese women presented by Mrs. Koshichi Tsukamoto are exhibited in Frank W. Gunsaulus Hall (Case 10). The remarkable Japanese suit of armor presented by Miss Adele Barrett, on account of its dimensions, could not be accommodated in a standard case, but it is accessible to students interested in the sub- ject. The exhibitions of Surimono were changed four times during the year according to plan. Thirty-one cases were installed during the year by Assistant Curator Linton. Eleven of these, illustrating the ethnology of the Northwest Coast and Plateau tribes, have been placed on exhibition in Halls 3 and 4. Of the remaining twenty cases, fourteen represent the eth- nology of Polynesia and six that of Micronesia. They have been placed in Hall F on the ground floor, which it is planned will be opened dur- ing the coming year as a Hall of Polynesian and Micronesian Eth- nology. Most of this material will be exhibited for the first time. It is proposed that the western end of the new hall will be occupied by a remarkable Maori council-house, the only one of its kind in America. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LIV. TYPE OF CASE LOANED TO THE SCHOOLS OF CHICAGO BY THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION OF FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. One-sixth actual size. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 309 It is a large, finely carved structure fourteen feet high and nearly sixty feet in length. This part of the hall will also contain a number of cases picturing the life and culture of the Maori of New Zealand. The southeastern quarter of the hall will be devoted to other parts of Polynesia and to Fiji. The northeastern quarter is to contain ex- hibits from the various Micronesian groups and from certain small islands on the eastern edge of Melanesia which are essentially Micro- nesian in culture. Two cases were installed by Assistant Curator Lewis, and have been added to Joseph N. Field Hall: one illustrates the ethnology of the Admiralty Islands, the other shows clothing and ornaments from Huon Gulf, New Guinea. A series of colored photographs made and loaned by Mr. L. Win- ternitz was temporarily exhibited this summer until August 8. They illustrated scenery, plant-life, and types of the Seminole Indians of Florida. A poisoning and storage room for the preservation of perishable material was constructed of compressed steel at the south end of the fourth floor, and in its essential features was completed toward the end of 1923. In the beginning of 1924 it was equipped with storage bins, cedar wood being the only lumber employed. The distribution of the five rooms from east to west is as follows: Room 1 serves for the laying-out and cleaning of specimens. Room 2 contains fabrics, costumes, and other perishable material from India, Tibet, China, and Korea. Room 3 is set aside for material from California, South- west, Mexico, and South America. Room 4 shelters material from the Plains Indians and Northwest Coast, and Room 5 collections from the South Sea Islands. Formaldehyde candles have been used for pur- poses of poisoning with good success, and the entire arrangement and equipment of the poisoning room may be characterized as eminently satisfactory. It insures with absolute safety the permanent preser- vation of destructible material. Storage racks were constructed during the year for Rooms 28, 30, 34, and 36 on the third floor. The distribution of study collections is now as follows: Room 28 serves for the accommodation of material suitable for exchange, so that those interested in examining what the department has to offer in the line of duplicate specimens may have ready access to them. Polynesian and Micronesian collections not required for exhibition are stored in Room 30, which also contains overflow material from Africa and Australia. Room 31 harbors col- lections from India. In Rooms 33 and 34 are stored collections from 3io Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. the Northwest Coast. The Philippine collections in Room 36 were entirely rearranged by Assistant Curator Linton. Material from Sumatra, Borneo and Java formerly in Room 34 was transferred to Room 36, where now all Malayan collections are grouped together. Rooms 65 and 66 contain collections from China, Tibet, and Korea. All this material is properly grouped and classified, and is arranged in such a way that it can easily be located and taken out upon demand. A large room on the ground floor has been assigned to the department for storage purposes. It will ultimately absorb all American archaeologi- cal material, as far as not required for exhibition. In view of the fact that a hall of North American archaeology is planned on the ground floor, it is thought that in this manner the entire archaeological collec- tions of this continent will be kept conveniently together. A special label-card has been devised for the identification of study and storage collections. Each card indicates country, stock and tribe with a brief enumeration of the material in question, the room where it is located with the number of rack or shelf being given in the upper left corner. The size and form of the catalogue-cards (about 3x6 inches) has been chosen for these labels, and several copies of each card are printed. One is attached to the shelf in the storage-rooms, the others are kept on file in the Curator’s office, and when completed will serve as an index and finding list of the study-collections. This card-index will be arranged in triple form, according to localities, tribes, and material, and will be of assistance in locating any collection on which a demand may be made for study. The work performed on the storage of collections made heavy demands on the time of the staff and the preparators, as numerous exhibition-cases in which they were piled up heretofore had to be opened and emptied, and all material cleaned, sorted, and identified. The storage of Northwest Coast and American archaeological collections was begun, but not -completed. In the Modeling Section the large house and two coconut palms for the model of the New Guinea village were completed. Ten casts of faces and as many pairs of hands were taken by the modeler from Chinese students, modeled and colored for the costumed actors’ figures from Peking, and now on exhibition in Hall I. The presence of a Sioux Indian in the city afforded an opportunity of having casts taken of his face and hands. There were 174 specimens repaired. Ma- terial in fifty exhibition-cases was poisoned during the year. Twenty papier-mache forms for the exhibition of costumes were made and 12,528 numbers were marked on specimens. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 31 i Botany.- — In the Department of Botany all of the exhibition cases were refmished during the year in a dark walnut color, greatly improv- ing the appearance of the halls. New installations and reinstallations were confined to the Hall of Plant Life, where the backgrounds are being changed as fast as possible from black to a light color. Rein- stallations are being made by the removal from this hall of a large part of the strictly economic material to provide space for the reproductions of plants and other exhibits of more distinctly botanical significance. Many additions were made to the latter exhibits during the year. Of native plants there were added reproductions of Blue Phlox, Trillium and the Shooting Star. For the remainder, the various new exhibits grew mostly out of the collections of the Stanley Field Guiana Expedi- tion of 1922. Among these, the Cannon-Ball Tree was completed early enough in the year to be illustrated in the last annual report. The other most important additions are a large specimen of a Banyan-like fig tree, Ficus Benjamina, and a group of Victoria regia. The former, althoug an Indian species, is more or less widely grown in warm countries and is plentifully represented in the Georgetown Botanic Gardens, where a trunk was secured through the kindness of the Superintendent and of the Director of Agriculture of British Guiana. This trunk in its fresh condition weighed approximately a ton, but is now dry and light enough to be moved easily by two men. Like the banyan and other figs on the rubber-plant order, it is remarkable for its masses of pendent aerial roots. With leaves and fruits replaced, it should prove to be an object of great interest in the hall. The Victoria regia group also furnishes a new exhibit of a striking character. This famous South American Water-lily forms one of the chief attractions of the Georgetown Botanic Gardens, where abundant opportunities are afforded for its study. A mould of one of the huge leaves in a canal was made by covering the floating leaf with thin coat- ings of plaster until it was sufficiently reinforced to allow the entire leaf to be lifted from the water without deformation, after which the mould was completed on land. It was broken into four pieces for convenience of packing and transportation. Reassembled two years later in the Museum, it has served for the production of the large leaves in the group. Moulds of the flowers were also made where they grew. The final work on this group has just been completed. With its large leaves, spiny buds and large showy flowers in the various stages of expansion characteristic of them on successive days, this gigantic aquatic makes a conspicious addition to the collection of plant fonns represented in the hall. 312 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. A reproduction of a flowering branch of a Barringtonia, an East Indian tree, also from the Georgetown Botanic Gardens, has been made and installed with the other exhibits of the Monkey-pot family. To represent the flowering structure and other botanical features of the Lace-bark Family, a flowering branch of the splendid Lager stroemia flos regina “the queen of flowers,” has been reproduced. This also was prepared from material secured by the Stanley Field Guiana Expedition. The Cactus exhibit has been increased by the addition of a flowering and fruiting branch of a Pereskia the Barbados Gooseberry, a leafy rep- resentative of the Cactus Family, particularly curious on account of its leafy fruits. A flowering and fruiting branch of the Cashew, Anacardium , adds another type of edible fruit to the collection in the Sumach Family which includes such diverse plants as poison-ivy and mangoes. The Cashew is often described as a fruit with its seed hanging on the out- side, its fleshy portion being formed by the enlargement of the flower- stem and not extending to envelop the seed, the well-known Cashew nut. The exhibit of Spurges, already illustrated by a Castor Bean plant, has received an addition in a flowering branch of a cactus-like Euphor- bia, the so-called Sweet Aloe. A flowering branch of an African Combretum with its red flower cluster faithfully reproduced in glass, together with a single enlarged flower, has been added to the exhibit of the Combretum Family and serves to illustrate its floral characters. The room vacated by the transfer of the departmental library has been made the Cryptogamic Herbarium and the collections of lower plants have all been put in order and installed there. One of the most notable single accessions among these is the E. T. & S. A. Harper Col- lection of Fungi, which is now completely labeled, ordered into genera and catalogued. This work on the Harper Collection was done by Miss Grace McCrone who was attached to the staff for several years for this special purpose. The collection comprises about 23,500 specimens, and 5,500 photographs, among them many stereoscopic, some of which are direct enlargements, the whole now for the first time entirely available for reference. The collection includes 10,248 numbers, particularly of fleshy fungi collected by E. T. Harper and, in addition, many standard series, e. g. Fungi Columbiana 5,324 numbers ; Rabenhorst-Winter Fungi Europaei 1,849; Otto Jaap, 1,254; Phycotheca Boreali- Americana 2,713 ; Ellis & Everhart 420; C. L. Shear N. Y. Fungi 302 ; Torrend 302 ; Central American Fungi by C. L. Smith 224; E. Ule Mycotheca brasiliensis 143. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 313 In response to the general interest in the native wild flowers an ex- periment was made early in the spring with an exhibit of living plants. These were planted in a case built on the order of a large-scale flower- box, installed in the Stanley Field Hall. The plan proved to be prac- ticable and was successful from the beginning. The plants survived transplanting and most of them appeared to thrive fairly well under the overhead light in the large central hall . A few, however, such as the Spring Beauty, refused to open their flowers in the absence of direct sunlight. With the advance of the season, the case constructed was found to be inadequate for the display of the increasing number of plants coming into bloom. A larger case four times the size of the first one was there- fore built, which was large enough to permit of an approximate ecological arrangement of the plants. One comer of the case, with a somewhat elevated sandy ground, was made to serve for the sand-dune plants, an adjoining quarter, with better soil, was assigned to plants of dry woods, a lower quarter, surrounding a pool, served to accommodate moisture- loving vegetation, and the pool itself being devoted to aquatics. One end of the box, with heavier soil, provided suitable space for prairie plants. By bringing in fresh plants several times each week this indoor ex- hibit was maintained constantly in fresh condition, and kept pace with the progress of vegetation in the country surrounding Chicago. About five hundred species were shown during the season. No labels in the Museum were more thoroughly inspected than those giving the names of the plants in the Wild Flower bed. In connection with the Wild Flower exhibit, a series of illustrated leaflets were prepared, dealing in a non-technical manner with the com- mon plants of this region. Four of these have appeared to date, Spring Wild Flowers, Spring and Early Summer Wild Flowers, Summer Wild Flowers, and Autumn Wild Flowers and Fruits. The study of the Peruvian Collections, secured on the Captain Mar- shall Field Botanical Expeditions of 1922 and 1923, has been carried on with the generous cooperation of specialists on various plant families or groups. The results of this work are appearing in botanical maga- zines and institutional publications, and will be brought together under one cover upon the completion of the Peruvian exploration work by this Museum. Although only about one-half of the collections have been studied, a large number of undescribed species have been disclosed, some specialists reporting forty per cent of the material examined by them as representing undescribed plants. The type, that is, the original speci- men of each of the novelties, has been placed in the Museum herbarium, the specialist naming the species retaining for his institution the dupli- 314 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. cate material when such exists. As a consequence, the herbarium of Peruvian plants is unusually rich in type specimens, making it one of the most valuable of its kind in the world. It is equalled only by the Peruvian collections at Berlin, which include those made by Dr. A. Weberbauer, the distinguished German phytogeographer. Eight hun- dred and thirty-nine duplicate specimens of Dr. Weberbauer’s collec- tions have recently been acquired. The large number of new species reported by specialists is an indi- cation of the richness of the Peruvian flora and the great opportunity it presents for further exploration and botanical research. Evidently little relatively is as yet known regarding the herbs and trees of Peru. The present collections from there have been organized to the extent of placing them in families (and to some extent assigning them to genera), and were thus made available for study by the following specialists on particular groups: O. Ames, Ames Botanical Laboratory, Orchidaceae; S. F. Blake, U. S. Bureau of Plant Industry, Compositae (exclusive of groups listed else- where) Polygalaceae; G. S. Bryan, University of Wisconsin, and A. W. Evans, Yale University, Liverworts; Carl Epling, University of California, Southern Branch, Labiatae; H. A. Gleason, N. Y. Botani- cal Garden, Lobeliaceae, Vernonieae; J. M. Greenman, Missouri Botan- ical Garden, Senecio; A. S. Hitchcock, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Gramineae ; M. A. Hcwe, N. Y. Botanical Garden, Marine Algae; I. M. Johnston, Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, Boraginaceae (excluding Cordia and Tournefortia) , Violaceae , Onagraceae, Euphor- biaceae, Araliaceae, Caricaceae, Hydrophylyaceae, Polemoniaceae , Mal- vaceae; E. P. Killip, U. S. National Museum, Bomarea, Cordia , Tourn- efortia, Escalloniaceae, Passifloraceae , Urticaceae , Valerianaceae; K. K. Mackenzie, Maplewood, N. J., Cyperaceae; W. R. Maxon, U. S. National Museum, Filices; G. K. Merrill, Rockland, Me., Lichens; E. B. Payson, University of Wyoming, Cruciferae , Ranunculaceae; F. W. Pen- nell, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Scrophulariaceae; C. V. Piper, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Phaseolus , Canavalia; B. L. Rob- inson, Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, Eupatorieae; J. N. Rose, U. S. National Museum, Cassia , Crotalaria , Lupinus , Cactaceae , Crassulaceae, Umbelliferae; J. H. Schaffner, Ohio State University, Equisetaceae; E. E. Sherff, University of Chicago, Bidens, Taraxacum; P. C. Standley, U. S. National Museum, Amaranthaceae , Chenopod- iaceae, Nyctaginaceae , Rubiaceae; W. Trelease, University of Illinois, Piperaceae; R. S. Williams, N. Y. Botanical Garden, Musci; T. G. Yuncker, DePauw University, Cuscuta. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 3i5 Some of the material not represented in the above list is being studied in the Museum. The Museum has been unable to contribute very materially to the study of these collections, as the large amount of routine and other work devolving on the small scientific staff in the department of Botany leaves little time for research. Geology. — The contents of the case of fossils in Stanley Field Hall were changed in part, the mounted skeleton of Dinictis being replaced by a series of models illustrating the evolution of the horse. Supple- menting this series, skulls and feet of early horses were installed. A res- toration of a fossil cycad flower prepared in the Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratory, together with specimens of fossil cycad leaves, was also placed in this case. In the collection of systematic minerals in Hall 34, the installation of the specimens previously exhibited on shelves in four large cases was changed by placing them on sloping screens to which individual blocks were fastened. By this means the specimens are brought nearer to the eye of the observer and individual mounts are provided. The speci- mens of phosphates, arsenates, sulphates, hydrocarbons and pseudo- morphs, were mounted in this manner. After renovation of the interior, the contents of one case of the Chalmers crystal collection were rearranged, and additional labels provided so that they can be read from either side of the case. The case of amber was also cleaned, its contents rearranged and a collection of jet added. The exhibit of imitation gems, numbering 208 specimens, was reinstalled in trays newly lined with silk and new labels were provided. Rearrangements were also made of the contents of three cases of concretions and septaria in this hall, and a number of new specimens were added. A special installation was made of a specimen of quartz crystal containing water. This was installed in such a manner that by turning a button, movement of the water can be seen. The case containing the large fulgurite was moved from the west end of Hall 35 to a position adjoining the other fulgurites. One of the latter was mounted in a matrix of sand in order to aid in the interpre- tation of these bodies. The stalactites in the case of cave material were suspended from the top of the case in order that their natural positions might be represented. Several specimens were added to this series. The arrangement of the specimens of the systematic rock collection was improved by changing the position of three of the cases and rein- stalling one case. 316 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. The large model of the Moon which was presented to the Museum in 1898, by the late Lewis Reese of Chicago, was installed at the west end of Hall 35. This model is without doubt the largest and most elab- orate representation of the moon ever made and affords an unparalleled opportunity for the study of the surface features of our satellite. Al- though the model was constructed a number of years ago, the details of the moon’s surface large enough to be shown on it were at that time so fully known that later studies have not added materially to them. The model was constructed by Th. Dickert of Bonn under the immediate direction of Dr. J. F. Julius Schmidt, Director of the Observatory of Athens, Greece, and one of the most eminent of selenographers. The accuracy and completeness of the model can therefore be fully relied upon. The model is 19.2 feet in diameter and has a horizontal scale of 1 : 600,000 and a vertical scale of 1 1200,000. For its present installation it was carefully reassembled and its surface fully restored and refinished. The model of a cement plant which has been in preparation for some time was completed and placed on exhibition in Hall 36. This model, 11^2 by 3 >2 feet in dimension, is a reproduction of the plant of the Marquette Cement Company at Oglesby, Illinois, and illustrates all stages of the manufacture of portland cement from the mining of the raw materials to the finished product. Crushers, kilns and other machinery, storage houses, methods of transportation and details of mining limestone and clay for the cement are shown in full detail. The model has been mounted in a case of the standard Museum pattern, six feet high, and placed adjoining the general cement exhibit. The model was constructed in the Museum laboratories by Associate Curator Nichols and Valerie Legault. To officials of the Marquette Cement Company the Museum is under obligation for information freely given and many courtesies extended during the construction of the model. The installation of the exhibit of candles in this hall in one of the cases devoted to petroleum products was enlarged and modified to add the candles presented during the year by the Standard Oil Company (Indiana) . Scenic backgrounds were provided in Skiff Hall for the series of three models illustrating the development of iron furnaces. These backgrounds were designed to show typical surroundings of successive types of iron furnaces and thus aid in visualizing the development of these furnaces. By the use of blocks giving more elevation to individual specimens, an improved installation was obtained for a large number of specimens in this hall. Exhibits to which this revision has been applied include those of asbestos, mica, phosphates, lime, gypsum, borax, abra- sives, salt, and part of the iron ores, comprising in all about 600 specimens. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. MODEL OF THE MOON. GIFT OF THE LATE LEWIS REESE. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 3D The positions of several cases in this Hall were changed in order to give a better distribution of certain exhibits, but the contents of the cases were not materially changed. The series of twenty-one specimens of Indiana limestone, presented by the Indiana Limestone Quarrymen’s Association, was installed in one of the cases containing building stones. Space was obtained by withdrawing specimens which were of lesser importance or out of date. A number of specimens of Canadian gold ores were added to the exhibit of these ores in the hall and the accompanying series rearranged. In order to replace the temporary base formerly used, a new and permanent base was constructed and placed in position for the restora- tion of the Moa on exhibition in Hall 38. The contents of two large cases of invertebrate fossils were transferred to other cases in order to make room for selected series of the Borden collection, and one of these cases was filled with the Borden fossils. The case containing the collec- tion of Paleozoic sponges, presented by Mr. William J. Chalmers and the late Byron L. Smith, was moved to the end of the hall, and an unoc- cupied case was then partly filled with fossils of the Borden collection. In order to improve their installation sloping screens with individual blocks were provided for a large number of Tertiary invertebrate fossils. Specimens of vertebrate fossils collected by the Capt. Marshall Field Expedition to Patagonia were installed in this hall during the year as fast as they were prepared for exhibition The specimens so installed included a series of four skulls of Nesodon, an animal resembling the rhinoceros in size. Two of the skulls were complete, the others are exhibited with the matrix only partially removed, in order to show the mode of occur- rence of these fossils. A complete skeleton of Interatherium, a small toxodont, a skull of a carnivore, Borhyasnodon, and of a sloth, Hapolops, and a carapace with partial skeleton of an extinct armadillo, Proeutatus, were other fossils from the Patagonian Expedition which were prepared and placed on exhibition in this hall. A skull and fore and hind limbs of the fossil horse, Equus scotti, from Texas, and specimens of Toxodon and Megatherium, collected by the Curator in Brazil, were also added to the series on exhibition. A number of the gem specimens collected by the Curator in Brazil were installed in Higinbotham Hall. These additions included five spe- cimens of crystallized emerald, a number of cut and uncut Brazilian diamonds, a cut blue aquamarine weighing 189^ carats, several speci- mens of cut and uncut topaz, including one large crystal of gem quality weighing 89^4 pounds, a carved specimen of amethyst and some uncut specimens of the same mineral, several varieties of cut tourmaline mounted in a bracelet, and a large, cut rubellite or red tourmaline. The 318 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. large, cut Persian turquoise, presented by H. H. Topakyan, was also installed in the hall. The Departmental library has been installed in three rooms adjacent to the Curator’s office. Substantial and well-finished stacks, fully sup- plied with shelving, have been built in these rooms, the style, design and finish of the stacks conforming to the space and lighting of the rooms. In these stacks the Departmental library, numbering about 10,000 volumes, has been installed. Groupings of the volumes have been made to facilitate reference. In Room 124 have been placed bound serials and works on gems, meteor- ites, etc.; in Room 12 1, publications of the United States Geological Survey and other United States government publications, and in Room 1 19, publications of state and foreign geological surveys. One thousand, three hundred and eighty-eight feet of shelving in all were provided and two of the rooms were furnished with tables and chairs. In addition, a room adjoining the library was fitted with shelving and other facilities for Departmental cataloguing, 102 feet of shelving having been provided for this purpose. Considerable progress was made in furnishing adequate installation for the study collections. Of the two large rooms and one small one on the third floor set aside for these collections, one is devoted to the study collection of fossil vertebrates, another to a part of the inverte- brate fossils, and the other to the remaining collections. In these rooms fourteen substantial stacks containing 2 ,074 trays were installed during the year. The stacks are arranged facing aisles leading to windows, thus affording good light. The stacks are 7 feet high and either 15 or 1 8 feet long. The trays are of wood and of the uniform lateral dimen- sions of 18 by 27 inches, but have a variation in depth of 3, 6^* and 10 inches. The study collections illustrating systematic minerals, lith- ology, physical geology and economic geology have all been placed in these trays. For the most part the specimens are placed in smaller individual trays and labelled. The work of installation also included unpacking, cleaning and checking the record of each specimen as placed. The arrangement and distribution of these collections not only insures better preservation of the specimens and facilitates their study, but also enables more rapid and adequate selections to be made when speci- mens are desired for exhibition. Eight, well-finished oak tables 3 by 9 feet each have been provided in these rooms in order to facili- tate the sorting and handling of the study collections, and in two of the rooms, sinks with drain boards and running water have been installed. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 319 After the return of Preparators Sternberg and Abbott from the field, preparation of the vertebrate fossils collected by the Captain Marshall Field Expedition in Patagonia was actively carried on by them in the paleontological laboratory. An electrically operated lathe with chucks, motor and flexible shaft was added to the equipment of this laboratory. Zoology. — In the Department of Zoology a case of North American Bears, prepared in 1923, including the Black, the Cinnamon and the Glacier Bear, was installed early in January in the systematic exhibit of mammals. This is the first of a new style of installation which it is proposed to introduce into this exhibit and to be developed gradually until the entire hall is reorganized. Although several species are included in a single case, those which are related are grouped together, and all are placed on a continuous natural groundwork instead of on separate wooden bases. Vegetation is introduced in a limited amount, and the realism of the groundwork is carried only to the point of the reproduction of general types of natural land formations. The feature of the installation is not only in the appearance of life given to the ani- mals when placed on natural rough surfaces instead of smooth polished ones, but in the opportunity it gives for attractive groupings and for varied poses and attitudes of individual animals. A second case (see PI. LI I) of this series was installed late in the year, containing six species of North American cats, Jaguar, Cougar, Lynx, Bobcat, Ocelot and Yaguarundi. A small case containing a temporary installation of an American Red Fox was removed from Stanley Field Hall and in its place was substituted a Chilean Pudu, one of the very tiny deer recently obtained by the Captain Marshall Field Chilean expedition. Owing to lack of cases and pending rearrangement of space, no further installa- tions of mammals were made, but a considerable number of specimens were mounted for use in the near future. Among these are White Mountain Sheep, Chilean Huemul, Brazilian Maned Wolf, Ouakari Monkey, Chinchilla, Peruvian Tayra, Argentine Viscacha, American Badger, and a series of small mammals from the vicinity of Chicago. A case of American birds of prey, including the better known hawks and owls, was installed for temporary display in Stanley Field Hall. In this hall, late in the year, a group of the extinct Passenger Pigeon was placed on exhibition. Eight birds and a nest and egg are shown in the upper branches of an oak stub, representing a scene in northern Illinois. The birds are the finest of a considerable series which has been accumu- lated over a period of years and presented to the Museum by President Stanley Field. Some of the specimens had been preserved for more than fifty years and their preparation in life-like positions was a matter 320 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. of patient and skillful manipulation which was carried out very suc- cessfully by Taxidermist Hine. A feature of the group is the nest, which is a genuine one presented by R. M. Barnes, and one of the very few Passenger Pigeon’s nests which are known to be preserved. Many other birds were mounted during the year to meet needs which will arise in the proposed revision of the systematic exhibit of birds. These are necessarily withheld from installation for a time until others properly belonging with them can be obtained. Models of a South American Anaconda and a Belize Crocodile were temporarily exhibited in the hall of reptiles, but were later removed for rearrangement since the Anaconda showed striking qualities which seemed to warrant the devotion of an entire case to it. Further models of reptiles have been made but not installed. These include a Florida King Snake, a Com Snake, a Chicken Snake, a Glass Snake and a Gila Monster. The two American Crocodiles, begun in 1923, were completed, and only await delivery of a case for installation in a large group for which accessions are practically all prepared. A special case of recently mounted fishes was shown in Stanley Field Hall. One side of this was devoted to game fishes of our northern lakes and streams, especially pike, pickerel and muskellunge, showing the dis- tinctions between the scientifically recognizable varieties which are so often confused in the popular mind. On the other side of the case was displayed a collection of Pacific Coast food fishes, mostly from the vicin- ity of Catalina Island, and presented to the Museum by Mr. Keith Spaulding. Various other fish specimens were finished but not installed, and at the close of the year nearly 200 were on hand in partly prepared condition. Considerable progress, despite pressure of other work, was made on the determining and respreading of the North American butterflies and moths selected for exhibition, with the result that the installation of some of this material may be confidently expected in 1925. Two special exhibits of zoological pictures were carried out during the year. The first of these consisted of 72 oil paintings of fishes and angling scenes by Mr. Louis Rhead, which were on view in Room 1 2 for several months. Later, an exhibition was given of hand colored photo- graphs of birds by Mr. E. H. Matem of Detroit. In December, fourteen new exhibition cases of improved design were delivered, and arrangements were begun for their utilization at once in the systematic halls of birds and mammals. Old style cases, as released from the hall of mammals, were transferred to the hall of osteology to be used for the skeletons of large mammals heretofore shown on open Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 321 stands. At the close of the year, these transfers and rearrangements were under way. Much needed equipment in the offices and work rooms of the De- partment was provided, especially in the divisions of Reptiles and Oste- ology, where built-in storage cases of good design were constructed. These have made possible the unpacking and transfer of collections from temporary to permanent quarters where permanent systems of arrangement and labeling may be put into effect. In the Division of Reptiles, especially, the arrangement of cases, trays, work tables, cata- logues, files and books is all that could be desired. Incoming material can be cared for promptly and without waste of time, while among the thousands of specimens stored, any one needed may be found at a moment’s notice. The removal of the principal taxidermists’ quarters from the ground floor to the fourth floor has proved highly successful. The conditions of accessibility, space, light and air in the new quarters are practically ideal, and fulfill to an unusual degree the rather exacting requirements of artist, sculptor and skin dresser. In the exhibition halls, the installation of a new system of artificial lighting by which all the large groups receive top light, has resulted in very great improvement. All the cases containing bird groups and others having painted backgrounds have been opened, and the speci- mens and accessories cleaned and renovated. Meanwhile, the back- grounds have been cleaned of stains, and considerable repainting has been done to overcome defects incurred through unavoidable exposure during and since moving them from the old Museum building. The African Elephants in Stanley Field Hall also were cleaned and their skins given such external treatment as seemed advisable to insure their further preservation in good condition. The continued generous contributions of Mr. Edward E. Ayer to the zoological library, especially in the subjects of ornithology and ich- thyology, made it necessary to provide more shelf room for the rapidly growing collection of books. The crowded condition was relieved by the addition of three new cases which involved a complete rearrange- ment of all the books. This was carried out under the supervision of Associate Curator Gerhard with the assistance of several other members of the staff. The library is now well arranged under a uniform system of classification in which provision is made for considerable future expansion. Good progress was made during the year in the preparation of rough specimens received from recent expeditions. The taxidermists, when 322 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. time could be spared from exhibition work, have prepared a consider- able number of mammal skins for the reference collection, and the skin dresser has been kept busy with the large amount of material needing his attention. The osteologist has cleaned some 800 skulls and a small number of skeletons in addition to the work of unpacking, classifying, and arranging the general osteological collections in the new storage cases. THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION At the close of the year, 830 cases were available for loaning to the schools of Chicago. This total is an increase of sixty cases over the preceding year. Several more cases would have been added to the series had there not been a delay on the part of the cabinet makers in delivering cases to the Department. Work on most of the new cases was started since the first of the year 1924, although preparation on a few of the cases that were finished began late in the year 1923. In addition to the cases completed a number are in various stages of preparation. The several hundred cases that have been in constant use in the schools during the 1923-1924 school year, were carefully inspected for such repairs to the cases and their contents as might be necessary. The number of cases requiring repairs was exceedingly small in comparison with the large number in circulation. The cooperation of Swift & Company enabled the Department to prepare six duplicated cases of “Beef and By-products.” Under this heading are exhibited miniatures of a Hereford steer, and a side of beef outlined to show the various obtainable cuts, and specimens of thirty or more well-known by-products of cattle. It has been possible for this Department, through the aid of Sprague, Warner and Company, to prepare four interesting and attractive cases of Spanish Paprika. In preparing cases of natural history subjects it has been the purpose of this Department to use specimens that are to be found in and around Chicago. As a result of this endeavor there have been prepared cases of 290 such subjects. Of this number 173 are of differ- ent species of birds, 34 are of various insects, 17 of different fishes, 16 of mammals, 14 of reptiles, and 16 of plants. Many of these specimens are shown in habitat groups. A schedule which provides that two cases shall be continually in each school became effective at the beginning of the present school year. In accordance with this arrangement two cases are now delivered to each school and left there for ten school days. At the end of that period they Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 323 are collected for delivery elsewhere and two other cases are substituted for them. By this procedure, 656 cases are kept in continuous circulation among the schools. During the school year the 328 schools on the schedule are loaned two cases on each of the seventeen deliveries that are made to each of the schools. This will insure to each school the use of thirty-four cases during the school year. An additional truck was placed in operation at the beginning of the present school year. With the two trucks now in use not only a depend- able schedule is assured, but also the loaning of cases with greater fre- quency and promptness than heretofore, when requested by schools for specific purposes. The body of the new truck is similar in appearance and detail of construction to the one originally planned for this Depart- ment, which is still in use. During the year a requisition was made for one hundred new cases similar to those in use since the creation of this Department, which have met the many requirements demanded of them. Gads Hill Center, a community settlement at 1919 West Cullerton Street, made application for the loan of cases, and this service has been extended by the Department. The Head Resident of the Gads Hill Center in reporting the aid the cases had been to that institution, stated: “We keep the cases in our lobby. Last year we ran an attendance of 90,000 and I think we are holding that average this year. Every one does not stop to look at the cases, but great numbers do, and because they do not come in crowds they have time to pause, pull out the slides and read. I know it all counts.” During the past year, as in previous years, requests were received from sources other than schools of Chicago for the loan of cases. In response to these requests eight cases of natural history subjects were loaned to the Chicago Art Institute from June 30th to August 22nd, for use in its juvenile section; and ten cases were loaned for one month to the Chicago Chapter of the Wild Flowers Preservation Society of Amer- ica, for its annual exhibition held at the Art Institute. Again, the Secre- tary of Bureau of Parks, Playgrounds and Beaches requested a number of cases for exhibition on the Municipal Pier during the summer vacation period. In compliance with this request twenty-four cases were loaned. The Promotional Manager of the Central Y. M. C. A. school asked for, and was loaned, twelve cases for educational purposes. The Harris Trust and Savings Bank was loaned two cases of bird subjects. These cases were exhibited for a period of two weeks in a street window of the bank. To illustrate a lecture given at the New First Church to the Gnosis Club, two cases were loaned. The Rochester (Minnesota) Art 324 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Association was loaned four cases, and two cases were loaned to the Nashville (Tennessee) Art Gallery. Guide Lecturers. — As in former years, the guide-lecture service was extended to classes from public, parochial and private schools, to clubs, conventions, and other groups of visitors to the Museum. Dur- ing the year an assistant guide-lecturer was added to the staff and the service was expanded into several new fields. One of the first innova- tions was a Vacation Course of Instruction given during the Summer months for children recommended by members of the Museum. This course was composed of a series of ten lessons based on Museum exhib- its, supplemented by sets of lantern slides. It was attended by 26 classes with an enrollment of 222 children. A further addition to the work was made by providing illustrated lectures in connection with the tours for women’s clubs. These lectures served either as an introduc- tion to the Museum collections as a whole, or to the particular collec- tion to be studied by the club. The lecture on “Activities Behind the Scenes,” in which the history of the Museum, its methods of making collections and the preparation of exhibits were described, was of par- ticular interest to the club members. There were 41 of these lectures given with an attendance of 900 individuals. School classes, numbering 128, enjoyed the privilege of conducted tours through the collections correlating with their course of study. Towards the close of the year reprints of the “Outline' of the Elementary Public School Curriculum and Museum Exhibits Showing the Correlation in Geography, His- tory, Science and Manual Arts” were distributed to all school princi- pals in the city, for the purpose of stimulating their interest in the Mu- seum guide lecture service. The clubs and conventions receiving guide- lecture service during the year numbered 98, with an attendance of 2,410. There were 135 lectures on Museum exhibits given to general visitors, in accordance with the printed schedule. A total of 428 lectures were given by the guide-lecturers to 9,091 individuals. Art Research Classes. — During the year the classes in research from the Art Institute of Chicago visited the Museum daily. There were approximately 400 students enrolled in these classes under the direction of five instructors. The subjects studied included primitive design, Indian basketry, pottery, textiles and beadwork, Egyptian, Greek and Roman pottery, Chinese vase forms and designs, Javanese batik and Melanesian design and miscellaneous design. The nature studies con- sisted of leaves, flowers and seeds, birds, insects, reptiles, fish, shells, rock coloration and precious stones, large and small. Other subjects are FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. > 0. D O DC CD to LU 2 cr. < CO 2 or LLl til CD i- TAXIDERMY BY ASHLEY HINE. About one-eighth natural size. Jan,, 1925 Annual Report of the Director 325 being introduced as the instructors become more acquainted with the exhibits and the vast wealth of material contained in the Institution. A portfolio on research “Design in Nature,” compiled from the work of students, containing approximately 220 plates, showing about 3,000 designs, is now being produced by the Museum Press. The work in this portfolio is highly illustrative of the educational advantages of such organized classes in the Museum. PUBLICITY General. — During the past year the scope of the Publicity work was enlarged to include the aims and purposes of the Museum organiza- tion, in order that they might be more clearly understood by the public. A larger geographic territory was covered, both by press notices and advertising, and as a result a correspondingly larger public was informed of the work accomplished by the Museum staff. The publicity during the early period of its work was largely confined to acquainting the public with the location, approaches and free days of the Museum. While this was continued throughout the year, a larger number of press notices were sent out with a view to creating an interest in the personnel of the Institution, and in the results of their research and laboratory work. In the press notices the primary consideration was whether the story would interest the public sufficiently to attract it to the Museum for further investigation of the exhibits on display. This necessarily led to the curtailment of articles of a more technical character. The advertising, with one exception, was changed from directional placards to posters of the exhibits on display at the Museum. The Institution is grateful to the transportation companies for their con- tribution of advertising space, and greatly indebted to them. Press Publicity. — An average of two newspaper notices were pub- lished each week in the local papers. Of the one hundred and twenty articles printed, thirty-eight were selected by the Associated Press or other news syndicates, and received a national circulation. Descriptive articles of the Museum expeditions to South America were sent to the South American press by the Associated and United Press Syndicate. The foreign language press of the city, which reaches over eight hun- dred thousand persons, was included this year for newspaper notices. These newspapers gave the Museum an unusual amount of space for general articles describing the departmental exhibits. Photographs from the expeditions being conducted by the Museum, and photographs of new exhibits, were printed by the Sunday Tribune, 326 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Daily News, N. E. A. Service, Underwood and Underwood, Atlantic- Pacific, International News Service, and Popular Science Monthly, the news services of these syndicates covering the entire country. Reviews of the leaflet and design series of publications -were published by the literary supplements of the local papers, New York Times and World, and popular scientific magazines. Notices of the lecture series were printed in the convention column of the daily press through the cour- tesy of the Chicago Association of Commerce. Advertising. — A total of 22,600 posters were distributed during the. year to the transportation agencies, of which 8,300 were printed outside of the Museum at the expense of these companies. The others were printed by the Museum. A series of six color posters, representing Museum exhibits, were dis- played for one year in the Elevated Line Stations. Two larger posters of Museum exhibits were printed by the Chicago Rapid Transit Com- pany, at their expense, and displayed on the elevated platforms for four months. Placards announcing the lecture courses were also displayed by the Rapid Transit Company in the spring and fall. An additional general placard was placed on the station platforms in December. The Surface Lines printed, at their own expense, a number of overhead pos- ters advertising the Museum, which were placed on the cars in March and August. They also displayed lecture placards in the bulkheads of the cars during the spring and fall. This represented a total dis- play of 6,200 posters printed by the Museum. The Illinois Central, through the courtesy of the Inland Advertising Company, granted space for a year in their suburban service. Two posters were displayed for a period of six months each, and lecture programs were placed on the station platforms during the spring and autumn courses. The Rock Island Suburban Service, and the Aurora and Elgin Electric Lines also placed the Museum lecture programs on their station platforms during 'the spring and fall. Three-color posters of the Museum building, giving the hours, loca- tion and other information concerning the Institution were prominently placed during January and. February by the following stores: Marshall Field & Co., Carson, Pirie, Scott & Co., Charles A. Stevens & Bros., Davis Dry Goods Co., Mandel Bros., The Hub, and Hillman’s Department Store. For this purpose three hundred posters were used. Museum posters and direction folders, giving the correct motor routes to the Museum, were sent to all of the motor clubs in the central western states. These posters and cards were placed in their tourists’ bureau for free distribution to motorists. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 327 General and directional advertisements were placed in six of the largest foreign language papers on Saturdays and Sundays for the month of August, and a similar advertisement for the Saturday and Sunday preceding Labor Day. Marshall Field and Company placed an editorial concerning the Museum in their advertising columns, which was shown for two days in all local newspapers. This gave the editorial a circula- tion of approximately 1,500,000. The Automobile Blue Book, Associated Tours Guide and TIB Auto Route Books published directions for reaching the Museum by motor. The Motor News in its September issue printed a special cover showing the Museum building. The Chicago Sunday Schools were added to the list of institutions displaying the lecture courses of the Museum on their bulletin boards. Radio. — Eleven radio talks were given on Friday nights during April, May and June by members of the scientific staff. Reports re- ceived from the WMAQ, Daily News Radio Station, show that these talks were enthusiastically received throughout the country. Newsreels. — Newsreels were made of the following subjects: Pathe: Cement Plant, Construction of Fulgurite, Presentation of Turquoise to Museum, Comparative sizes of Topaz, Turquoise and other stones, Construction of plaster cast models of face and hands of Chinese students and process of dressing manikin for exhibits of Chinese theatri- cal costumes, Film showing steps in new celluloid process. Interna- tional Newsreel: Film showing Topaz and Turquoise. Fox Film Corporation: Film of fossil eggs. Trade Papers. — Articles on economic exhibits in the Museum were published by the following trade and class journals: Paint, Oil and Chemical Review, Jeweler’s Circular, Power Boating, Central Fur- rier, Furniture Journal, American Lumberman, Women’s World, Drake- a-Day, Yellow Cab Taxigrams. Special articles on the Museum were printed by the following publications: Daily News Almanac, World’s Almanac, Encyclopedia Americana and the Architectural Record. Direction Folders. — There were distributed to the information booths, hotels and railroad stations in Chicago 10,600 folders on “How to Reach Field Museum.” A form letter has been sent each month to the chairman of all large conventions, offering them a supply of these direction folders. Eighteen conventions replied, and requested 10,000 folders, which were supplied. 328 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Printing. — The total number of impressions made in the Section of Printing during the year amounted to approximately 1,000,000. The following publications were printed and bound during the year by this section: Regular publication series 9,807 Design Series 6,126 Leaflet Series 66,649 General Guide 25,025 Publication and leaflet price lists 447 Geographic Society Year Book 1,829 Total 109,883 The number of labels and other impressions printed follows: Anthropology Botany Geology Zoology Harris Extension General Geographic Society of Chicago . Total Exhibition Other Labels Impressions 3,226 8,226 1,608 14,904 434 1,950 358 5,750 45i 3,no 291,857 58,225 6,077 384,022 The press work on two botanical leaflets, the two Art Design num- bers for Anthropology, and the catalogue of the Birds of the Americas was unusual in that an illustration of from two to four colors was used in each, these illustrations alone requiring 142,175 impressions. Section of Photography and Illustration. — The following tabu- lation sets forth the work performed in this section during the year : Number of Lantern Number of Number of Number of Negatives Developed Movie Slides Negatives Prints for Field Films Made Made Made Expeditions Made General 512 1,778 24 Anthropology 73 535 2,879 Botany 180 2,596 72 32 Geology 386 107 1,141 360 Zoology 161 104 828 15 Harris Extension . 80 273 Sale 38 Gift 69 Totals I,5i8 9,602 456 47 Photogravures. — A photogravure power press has been added to the Section during the year. A room for the installation of this press Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 329 was provided on the ground floor, adjoining the press room. The num- ber of photogravures printed during the year is indicated below: Publication illustrations 48,000 Leaflet illustrations 187,000 Picture Post Card Albums 99,600 Post Cards of Building 15,000 Special 12,000 Total 361,600 Artist. — The following statement shows the work performed by this section during the year: ANTHROPOLOGY i drawing of Japanese pagoda. 1 drawing of a spear. 14 Japanese and Chinese photographs retouched. 3 rubbings retouched. 24 photographs retouched and figures attached. GEOLOGY 3 large backgrounds painted for the blast furnace models. Retouching and coloring of cement model. Retouching and placing figures on fossil horse and plants. Alterations and retouching for paleontological publication illus- trations. BOTANY 2 enlarged photographs colored. 2 photographs retouched. 1 line drawing of cover design for Wild Flower leaflets. 154 ink tracings; 17 figures. 1 pen drawing of poison ivy seeds. 28 petals of Victoria regia colored. 1 seal redrawn. ZOOLOGY 6 drawings of fish teeth. Lettering on 4 fish drawings. 9 drawings of mammal skulls. Assisting in the hanging of picture exhibits in Hall 12. HARRIS EXTENSION 8 enlarged photographs colored back- grounds. Colored guide lines on 11 charts for cases. PUBLICITY Cover design drawing for Motor News. Drawing of teepee for Surface Lines placard. Drawing of Museum building. Border design for direction cards. Line drawing of Egyptian hiero- glyphics. 20 photographs retouched. GENERAL 2 drawings of Membership certificate Color sketch for Trustees room. 10 lantern slides colored. 2 photographs retouched. Drawing and lettering for guide- lecture notices. Cuts repaired for Section of Print- ing. Letters renewed on books in Library. PHOTOGRAPHY 28 photographs retouched and lantern slides blocked. Attendance: The total attendance for the year is 643,285, which is an increase of 157,518 over the previous year. An analysis of the admissions is made elsewhere in this report. Herewith are also submitted financial statement, list of accessions, names of members, etc. D. C. DAVIES, Director. 330 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ATTENDANCE STATISTICS FROM JANUARY i, 1924 TO DECEMBER 31, 1924. Total Attendance 643,459 Paid Attendance 100,582 Free Admissions on Pay Days: Students 11,411 School Children 25,537 Teachers 1,188 Members 631 Special 1,412 Admissions on Free Days: Thursdays (52) 74,5 48 Saturdays (52) 161,752 Sundays (52) 266,398 Highest Attendance on any day (August 17, 1924) 11,501 Lowest Attendance on any day (February 4, 192 4) 89 Highest Paid Attendance (September 1, 1924) 4,557 Average Daily Admissions (366 days) 1,758 Average Paid Admissions (210 days) 479 Number of Guides sold 13,240 Number of Articles checked 18,844 Number of Picture Post Cards sold 109,255 Publications — Receipts $1 ,349.48 Photographs and Sculpture Sets — Receipts 194-75 Handbooks, Leaflets, etc. — Receipts 1,077.86 Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 33 1 GENERAL FUND STATEMENT OF CASH RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS For the Year Ending December 31, 1924 Balance December 31, 1924, 45,651.20 Receipts Income — Endowment, General and Door Receipts, . . .$ 249,285.40 South Park Commissioners 119,924.87 Sundry Receipts 23,247.78 M emberships 64 , 490. 00 Contributions 242,504.84 Sales of Securities 574,919.94 $1,274,372.83 $1,320,024.03 Disbursements Operating Expenses $ 427,431.95 Expeditions 25,633.32 Collections Purchased 10,312.16 Furniture and Fixtures 12,156.1 1 Expenditures on Building and Approaches 87,805.42 Securities Purchased 703,524.54 Transferred to Sinking Funds $1,266,863.50 9,600.00 $1,276,463.50 Cash Balance December 31, 1924, $ 43,560.53 332 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION Statement of Income and Expenses for the Year 1924 Interest and Dividends on Investments $ 21,577.84 Operating Expenses 19,057.-29 $ 2,520.55 Deduction from Income (Depreciation of Automobile Delivery Car) . . 602.24 B alance transferred to Surplus $ 1,918.31 STANLEY FIELD PLANT REPRODUCTION FUND Statement of Income and Expenses for the Year 1924 Balance December 31, 1923 $ 880.39 Contributions by Stanley Field during 1924 12,600,00 $13,480.39 Operating Expenses 1924 13,413.47 Balance December 31, 1924 . .$ 66.92 STANLEY FIELD MUSEUM EMPLOYES PENSION FUND Statement of Income and Expenses for the Year 1924 Interest and Dividends on Investments $11,825.57 Pensions and Group Insurance for 1924 8,545.14 Balance added to Pension Fund $ 3,280.43 Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 333 ACCESSIONS DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY ADAMS, MRS, JOSEPH, Chicago. i Navaho double size saddle-blanket — Arizona, New Mexico (gift). 19 objects: 1 basket, China; silver ear-rings and fillet of Negro woman, Trinidad; 1 silver neck- lace, Navaho; 1 Attu basket; 1 Haida basket; 1 nest miniature baskets, 1 miniature covered basket, 1 small basket, minia- ture colored vessels, Chile; 1 basket, Samoa; 1 metal brace- let, Africa; 1 brooch, N. W. Africa; 2 baskets and 1 dress ornament, Sudan; 3 necklaces of faience and stone beads, Egypt ; — China; Trinidad; Navaho, Attu, Haida, United States ; Chile; Samoa; Africa; Egypt (gift). AYER, EDWARD E., Chicago. 22 pewter objects: plates, trays, bowls, coffee-pots, milk-pitchers, sugar-bowls, water-heater, candlesticks, etc. — England and Germany (gift). 10 pewter objects: 4 tea-pots, 1 tankard, 5 plates — England and Germany (gift). 7 pewter objects: 1 baptismal basin, 4 church utensils, 1 coffee-pot, 1 bucket — England, Germany and France (gift). 30 pewter objects: 18 candlesticks, 1 pair figures, 10 tea-pots, 1 tureen — China (gift). 9 pewter objects: 1 pair of lamps, 1 round box containing rosary, 2 sets of three altar-pieces, 1 buffalo figure, etc. — China (gift). 3 pewter tea-pots and 1 soup-bowl — Canton, China (gift). 1 pair of pewter candlesticks, 1 pewter soup-bowl — Swatow, China (gift). 3 pewter objects: 1 inscribed tablet of the Han period, 2 tea-can- isters— China (gift). 4 pewter tea-canisters — Japan; 1 pewter tray with inlaid brass designs — China (gift). 3 pewter tea-pots and 2 pewter plates — China and England (gift). 12 pewter objects: 3 trays, 5 tea- pots, 1 small pitcher, 3 tea-can- isters— China and Japan (gift). 1 pewter plate — Germany (gift). 1 pewter dish inlaid with brass — China (gift). 1 rectangular pewter box inlaid with brass — China (gift). 2 pewter tea-canisters, 1 pewter chafing-dish — China (gift). 1 small necklace of carnelian, glass and other beads — Ancient Egypt (gift). 1 Babylonian clay tablet of Nergal, Governor of Kish, containing list of animals presented for sacrifices, ca. 2350 b.c. — ■ Drehem, Mesopotamia (gift). AYER, MRS. EDWARD E., Chicago. 1 pewter pitcher — Strasbourg, Al- sace, France (gift). BARRETT, MISS ADELE, Chicago. Suit of armor of Samurai complete with mask, sword, spear and 2 fans (14th century)— Japan (gift). BENNETT, MISS HELEN B., Chicago. About 34 specimens from prehistoric Indian grave: 2 pieces of braided bark, 1 bark fiber cord, 1 coil of unbaked clay, corn cobs, corn stalks, and other plant remains, plum stone and pieces of wood, 15 animal bones, 3 land snails, 4 clam shells, accompanied by 16 photographs showing grave and its location — Salts Bluff Rockshelter, Benton County, Arkansas (gift). BLACKSTONE, MRS. T. B., Chicago. About 200 gourds, pottery vessels and accessories for keeping sing- ing and fighting insects — Peking, China (gift). 334 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. BULLEN, MRS. FREDERICK F., Chicago. Large embroidered cover of white silk. Beginning of 19th century — Canton, China (gift). CHANDLER, M. G., Chicago. 19 objects: 3 women’s appliqud robes, 1 woman’s waist, 1 man’s beaded shirt, 4 woven bags, 1 rawhide bag, 5 pair leggings, 1 woven burden strap, 1 knife, 1 feather necklace, 1 pair moc- casins— Fox, Winnebago, Ara- aho, Iroquois, Maori, United tates and New Zealand (ex- change). DUNLAP, MRS. EVA W., Peking, China. 62 popular woodcuts and color prints — Peking, China (gift). EMMONS, LIEUT. G. T.,!Princeton, New Jersey. Outfit of Tsimshian shaman, Kwa- kiutl copper rattle, Tlingit trinket basket, 2 jade implements from Tlingit, roll of cherry bark from Salish — Tsimshian, Kwakiutl, Tlingit and Salish, British Co- lumbia and Alaska (exchange). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by J. B. Abbott and G. F. Sternberg — Capt. Marshall Field Palaeontological Expedition to Argentina: 1 human skull and 5 flint implements associated with it — Lago Colhue Huapi, Territory of Santa Cruz, Argentina. ■ Collected by C. C. Sanborn. — Capt. Marshall Field Expedition to Chile and Argentina: 1 prehistoric slate celt and 1 pre- historic slate projectile point — - Chiloe Island, Chile. 1 stone axe with polished blade — Chile. Purchases : 1 ancient jade adze — New Zealand, from Mrs. J. F. Hoffman, Whar- ton, New Jersey. 80 ivory carvings — Eskimo, Lab- rador, Canada, from Howard J. Smith, Grand Rapids, Mich. FIELD MUSEUM-OXFORD UNI- VERSITY JOINT EXPEDI- TION (Capt. Marshall Field Fund). About 634 objects: Pottery vessels and sherds, clay figures, bricks, inscribed tablets, copper vessels, tools, weapons, and bracelets, silver cup and bracelets, iron, stone, bone and shell objects, necklaces, beads, and glass bottle — Kish , M esopotamia. GRIMM, MRS. EMMA, Chicago. 1 triangular axe of limestone, grooved on three sides — Sugar River near Brodhead, Rock County, Wisconsin (gift). HARDY, F. A., EVANSTON, ILL. 1 large old brass image, solid cast, of standing Buddha on wooden base — Mandalay, Burma (gift). HELLMAYR, DR. C. E., Chicago. 2 stone axe-heads — Jaru (Parintintin) Tufian Indians, Rio Machados, affluent of Rio Madeira, Brazil, South America (gift). HULBERT, MRS. E. D., Chicago. 1 ancient poi bowl, 1 tray of cola wood — Hawaii (gift). HULL HOUSE, Chicago. 1 Persian rug presented by H. H. Topakyan; 1 pair Chinese scales for weighing silk, presented by B. F. Schlessinger; 1 woolen embroidered Turkish saddle- bags; and 77 tassels purchased by Dr. U. Jahn — Persia, China, Turkey, and Europe (loan ma- terial returned). JONES, ARTHUR B., Chicago. 1284 objects of nephrite, stone, feather and flax robes, kilts and girdles, carved clubs, carved wooden boxes and Maori uten- sils— Maori and Moriori, New Zealand, Tasmania and Solomon Islands (gift). JUTZI, JOHN, and TOM LADD, Chi- cago. 1 clay pot and 2 skeletons in frag- mentary condition — Town of Lake Hunting and Fishing Club, 7 miles east of Momence, Illinois (gift). KEEP, CHAUNCEY, Chicago. 1 red obsidian spear-head — Yurok, California (gift). FIELD MUSEUM! OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LVII. LARGE MALE GORILLA FROM BELGIAN CONGO. FIELD STUDY FROM CENTRAL AFRICAN EXPEDITION UNDER THE AUSPICES OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL FIELD AND MAJOR A. M. About one-sixth natural size. COLLINS. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 335 KNEELAND, MRS. L. M., Chicago. 10 objects: 1 fan and comb from Samoa; 2 Chinese ivory fans; 1 Korean fan; 1 Egyptian fan; 1 native hat, Kandy, Ceylon; 2 beaded balls from Sioux; 1 carved bowl and 1 carved cup from South America — Samoa, China, Korea, Ceylon, Egypt, North and South America, (gift). LO, D. H., W. Lafayette, Indiana. Rubbing from Chinese inscription on stone tablet, being hand- writing of Lo Yuan-hang — China (gift). LOO, CHING-TSAI, New York. 1 foot-measure of the Chou dynasty (1 122-247 b.c.) — Cheng-chou, Honan, China (gift). PLANTZ, HENRY F., Oconomowoc, Wisconsin. 1 prehistoric bone needle from grave — Oconomowoc, Waukesha County, Wisconsin (gift). PLANTZ, H. W., Chicago. 5 objects: 1 Eskimo coiled basket and 1 carved billiken, 1 Nootka trinket basket and 1 circular mat, 1 Middle Mesa coiled plaque — Nootka, Hopi, Eskimo, - Vancouver Island, Arizona and Alaska (gift). ROCK, DR. JOSEPH F., Washington, D. C. Mo-so manuscript of five folios with colored pictographs — Li-kiang, Yun-nan, China (gift). SARGENT, HOMER E., Pasadena, California. 1 shoulder blade of moose used for moose call, birch bow with 7 arrows, pair of snowshoes — Aishihik tribe and Aborigines, Kluane Lake and Lake Teslin, Yukon Territory, Canada (gift). 22 old tobacco-pipes — Japan (gift). SCOTT, MRS. JAMES W., Chicago. 26 objects: 3 baskets, 1 cigarette case, 1 brass bell, 6 hats, 3 fans, 1 lacquered tray, 1 pipe stem and 6 miscellaneous objects, 1 painted Greek vase, 1 pair saddlebags, 1 pair of moccasins, etc. — Alaska, Korea, Greece, and Palestine (gift). 17 objects: 1 Chilkat blanket, 1 bamboo cane, 1 silk bag, 1 belt cord, 1 pair straw sandals, 1 wooden doll, 2 strings of miniature dolls, 1 silk tassel, 1 card game, 1 tobacco-pipe, 1 thimble, 1 porcelain spoon, etc. — Alaska, Japan, Korea, China, Hawaii, Greece, North Africa (gift). SELLECK, E. R., Sterling, Illinois. 1 pre-Columbian Indian skull dug up from an abandoned sand-pit — Sterling, Illinois (gift). SKINNER, A., Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Woman’s buckskin dress, with pair of boot moccasins— Comanche, Oklahoma (exchange). STEVENSON, ROBERT E., Peking, China. 4 objects: 1 ivory insect cage, 1 ivory box, 1 glazed jar, 1 gourd with ivory cover — Peking, China (gift). THOMAS, ESTATE OF ELEANOR M. H., Chicago. 1 large decorated brass tray— Morocco, Africa (gift). TSUKAMOTO, MRS. KOSHICHI, Chicago. 2 completely dressed carved wooden figures of Japanese women. Silk dresses in style of Tokugawa and Fujiwara periods — Kyoto, Japan (gift). WILLIAMS, MRS. C. HOWARD, Chicago. Birchbark model of canoe decorated with porcupine quill designs — North Dakota (gift). WINSLOW, MISS SOPHY, Chicago. 2 oil portraits representing chief of Blackfeet ajid his wife, by Carl Wimar — United States (gift). WINTERNITZ, L., Grand Rapids, Michigan. Male’s cotton garment and 1 doll dressed as woman — Seminole, Florida (gift). 3 dolls representing Seminole man, woman and girl — Florida (gift). 336 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY ALLEN, F. S., Honolulu, i economic specimen (gift). BALL, C. R., Washington, D. C. 30 herbarium specimens (gift). BLAKE, S. F., Washington, D. C. 3 herbarium specimens (gift). DAHLGREN, B. E., Chicago, Illinois. 13 economic specimens (gift). DUGGERT, MISS F., Chicago, Illinois. 11 herbarium specimens (gift). EVANS, MISS P. A. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by A. C. Persaud (Capt. Mar- shall Field British Guiana Ex- pedition) : 184 herbarium specimens. 87 wood specimens. 501 duplicate specimens. Collected b}r J. F. Macbride: 5 herbarium specimens — Illinois and Indiana. Stanley Field Laboratory: 20 models and reproductions of plants. Transfer from Department of Geology: 500 herbarium specimens. 16 economic specimens. Transfer from Department of Geology: 5 herbarium specimens. 1 economic specimen. Purchases : 12,341 herbarium specimens — various localities. DEPARTMENT ADAMSON, GEO. H., Chicago. 1 specimen synthetic alexandrite (gift). AKERS, VIVIAN, W., Norway, Maine. 2 photographs of Bennett Mine — Buckfield, Maine (gift). ARGETSINGER, MRS. E. H., Pipe- stone, Minnesota. 1 specimen bleached quartzite — Pipestone, Minnesota (gift). 61 economic specimens — various lo- calities. GRAY HERBARIUM, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 587 herbarium specimens (exchange). HYNES, J. A., Chicago, Illinois. 1 economic specimen (gift). MURRAY, M. K., Chicago, Illinois. 1 economic specimen (gift). PAYSON, PROF. E. B., Laramie, Wyo- ming. 150 herbarium specimens (gift). RECORD, PROF. S. J., New Haven, Connecticut. 58 herbarium specimens (gift). 1 economic specimen (gift). ROSE, DR. J. N., Washington, D. C. 4 herbarium specimens (gift). ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Kew, England. 335 herbarium specimens (exchange). SHERFF, E. E., Chicago, Illinois. 12 herbarium specimens (gift). THORLAKSON, MISS G., Wheaton, Illinois. 1 herbarium specimen (gift). U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICUL- TURE, Washington, D. C. 80 herbarium specimens (exchange). 4 herbarium specimens (gift). U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, Wash- ington, D. C. 1554 herbarium specimens (exchange) . WELLS, W. H. 1 economic specimen (gift). OF GEOLOGY BLOCHER, ARTHUR, Amboy, Illinois. 9 specimens invertebrate fossils — Amboy, Illinois (gift). BURROUGHS, H. S., Chicago. 2 teeth of fossil elephant — Snake River, Southern Idaho (gift). CHALMERS, WILLIAM J., Chicago' 25 specimens crystallized minerals — Various localities (gift). 3 specimens crystallized minerals — Prince of Wales Island, Alaska (gift). Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 337 COLLINS, FLOYD, Cave City, Ken- tucky. 32 specimens stalactites and gypsum rosettes — Great Crystal Cave, Cave City, Kentucky (gift). DENNIS, BROSE, Joplin, Missouri. 1 specimen blende with quarts — Jop- lin, Missouri (gift). ELWELL, WILBUR J., Danbury, Con necticut. 2 specimens beryl — Branchville, Connecticut (gift). I specimen lithiophilite — Branch- ville, Connecticut (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by O. C. Farrington — Capt. Marshall Field Second Brazilian Expedition 1923: 381 specimens minerals — Bahia, Bra- zil. Collected by H. W. Nichols: I I specimens axinite — Moneta Mine, Timmins, Ontario. Collected by C. C. Sanborn — Capt. Marshall Field Chilean Expedi- tion 1922-1923: 1 specimen fossil brachiopod — Cal- dera, Chile. 1 specimen halotrichite — Putre, Pro- vince of Tacna, Chile. Purchases : 1 specimen bi-colored cut sapphire — Australia. 6 specimens minerals — Arizona. 6 specimens minerals — Buckfield and Greenwood, Maine. 6 casts showing evolution of the horse. 1 stone meteorite — Coldwater, Kan- sas. 1 section of meteorite — Coldwater, Kansas. 1 stone meteorite — Ness County, Kansas. 57 microscopic slides of fossil fora- minifera — Chicago. FREDERICKS, F. G., Bessie, North Dakota. 18 specimens minerals and septaria — North Dakota (gift). GREEN, U. D., Peebles, Ohio. i specimen peridotite — Kentucky (gift). GREENLAND, C. W., Timmins, On- tario. 3 specimens fouqueite — Rochester Mine, Timmins, Ontario (gift). HALL, LEO. G., Downer’s Grove, Illi- nois. 1 photograph of electric furnace (gift). 6 specimens high temperature alloys and products (gift). HEDIN, STANLEY, Chicago. 1 specimen fossil leaf in concretion — Mazon Creek, Illinois (gift). HOTFIO, ALBERT, Chicago. 21 specimens dendrites — Lake Gen- eva, Wisconsin (gift). 4 specimens fossil coral — Lake Gen- eva, Wisconsin (gift). INDIANA LIMESTONE QUARRY- MEN’S ASSOCIATION, THE, Bedford, Indiana. 2 1 finished specimens illustrating col- ors and textures of Indiana lime- stone— Lawrence and Monroe Counties, Indiana (gift). 3 specimens stylolites — Bedford, Lawrence County, Indiana (gift). KLIER, L., Chicago. 1 specimen septarium — Evansville, Arkansas (gift). LAKE SHORE MINES, Ltd., Kirk- land Lake, Ontario. 2 specimens telluride gold ores — - Kirkland Lake, Ontario (gift). LAUDOLF, MATH J., Peebles, Wis- consin. 3 specimens fossil brachiopods — Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin (gift). LAW, D. H., Dixon, Illinois. 1 specimen fossil “honeycomb” coral — Dixon, Illinois (gift). LEE, HENRY E., Rapid City, South Dakota. 20 specimens fossil plants — Lakota Formation, Blackhawk, South Dakota (exchange). MARTIN, THOS., Hoopeston, Illinois. 1 specimen septarium — Starved Rock, Illinois (gift). MATHER, HON. STEPHEN T., Washington, D. C. and HAR- VEY, MESSRS. BYRON and FORD, Kansas City, Missouri. 2 sandstone slabs showing fossil tracks — Flermit Trail, Grand Canyon, Arizona (gift). 338 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. McCREA, W. S., Chicago. 3 photographs of concretions — Mo- bridge, North Dakota (gift). MILLARD, F. L., Georgetown, British Guiana. i specimen melanterite — Venez- uela (gift). MORRISON, J. CAMPBELL, Detroit, Michigan. 1 6 specimens peat briquettes (gift). NORTON, C. E., Chicago. i specimen fossil trilobite — Kanka- kee, Illinois (gift). OEFFINGER, ALBERT F., Whiting, Indiana. 82 specimens agate and chalcedony — Pacific Ocean Beach, between Coos Bay and Coquille River, Oregon (gift). OHIO HYDRATE & SUPPLY CO., THE, Woodville, Ohio. 12 specimens fossil clams — Near Woodville, Ohio (gift). PORCUPINE PAYMASTER MINES, Ltd., South Porcupine, Ontario. 1 specimen free gold in quartz — South Porcupine, Ontario (gift). RICH, MATT, Chicago. 2 specimens fossil fish — Fossil, Wyo- ming (gift). ROYSE, R. L., Ogden, Utah. 1 specimen silicified shells — Red Des- ert near Wamsutter, Wyoming (gift). RUGGLES, DR. W. L., Oak Park, Illi- nois. 1 specimen baculite showing separate septa — Near Crawford, Nebra- ska (gift). DEPARTMENT ALLEE, DR. W. C., Chicago. 4 fishes, 67 frogs, 29 tadpoles, 37 liz- ards, 10 snakes, 2 turtles, 1 cai- man head, 4 crocodile eggs — Ca- nal Zone, Panama (gift). ALLEN, C. A., San Geronimo, Cali- fornia. 1 Gibbs’ shrew — San Geronimo, Cali- fornia (gift). STANDARD OIL CO. (INDIANA), Chicago. 12 specimens “Travertine” candles, grease and oils (gift). STORTER, G. W., Everglades, Florida. 5 specimens limestone — Everglades, Florida (gift). 5 specimens sandstone — Everglades, Florida (gift). STROHRIGL, MICHAEL, Chicago. 1 specimen lava — Kilauea, Hawaiian Islands (gift). SWANK, R. S., Chicago. 1 specimen bleached sandstone con- taining native copper — Paola, Oklahoma (gift). TOPAKYAN, H. H., New York City, New York. 1 large gem turquoise — Persia (gift). U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, Wash- ington, D. C. 1 polished section of Four Corners meteorite — Four Corners, New Mexico (exchange). 1 cast of Four Corners meteorite (ex- change). WALZ, C. D., Hermosa, Black Hills, South Dakota. 2 specimens leached volcanic ash — Hermosa, Black Hills, South Dakota (gift). WIRICK, V. P., Chicago. 1 mastodon vertebra — Dixon, Illi- nois (gift). WRIGHT-HARGREAVES MINES, Ltd., Kirkland Lake, Ontario. 7 specimens tellurides of gold — Kirk- land Lake, Ontario (gift). OF ZOOLOGY AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATUR- AL HISTORY, New York City. 5 fishes — Various localities (ex- change). 15 reptiles — China (exchange). 2 frogs — San Domingo (gift). AYER, EDWARD E., Chicago. 1 acorn store-house of California woodpecker — California (gift). rici.U MuStOM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LVIII CRYSTAL OF OEM TOPAZ, MARAMBAIA, BRAZIL. CAPTAIN MARSHALL FIELD SECOND BRAZILIAN EXPEDITION, 1923. Weight 90 pounds. One-half actual size. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 339 BARNES, JUDGE R. M., Lacon, Illi- nois. 1 passenger pigeon nest — Iowa (gift). BARNES, DR. WILLIAM, Decatur, Illinois. 45 butterflies and moths — United States (gift). BERTOLET, A. S., Thayer, Indiana. 2 beetles — Thayer, Indiana (gift). BEZETT, HOWARD J., Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 18 fishes — Louisiana (exchange). BOOSTER’S CLUB, Edgemont, South Dakota. 1 badger, 4 ticks — Edgemont, South Dakota (gift). BOOTH FISHERIES COMPANY, Chi- cago. 1 lake sturgeon — Grand Haven, Michigan (gift). BUTLER, A. L., Horsham, England. 2 hummingbirds — Succha, Peru (ex- change) . COALE, HENRY K., Highland Park, Illinois. 1 skunk, 2 cottontail rabbits — High- land Park, Illinois (gift). 1 chickadee — Lake County, Illinois (gift). 12 1 birds — Various countries (ex- change), COLLINS, MAJOR A. M., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 226 butterflies — Belgian Congo, Africa (gift). CONOVER, H. B., Chicago. 10 mallard eggs — Canada (gift). 9 oystercatcher eggs — Chiloe Island, Chile (gift). DAVIS DRY GOODS COMPANY, Chicago. 1 15 fishes, 8 lizards, 19 turtles, 88 snakes, 2 aquaria, 6 snake vi- varia, 1 leaf insect — Various local- ities (gift). DAWSON, CHARLES W., Muskogee, Oklahoma. 6 turtles — Muskogee, Oklahoma (gift). DICKEY, DONALD R., Pasadena, Cal- ifornia. 1 California spotted owl — Humboldt County, California (exchange). DITZEL, H. F., Chicago. 1 crane-fly — Chicago (gift). DOE, JOHN, Watervliet, Michigan. 1 Baltimore oriole (gift). DOHMEN, U. A., Chicago. 1 moth — Chicago (gift). DONNELLEY, MRS. R. R., Chicago. 1 immature bald eagle — Chicago (gift). EKVALL, ROBERT B., Titao, Kansu, China. 3 salamanders — Kansu, China (gift). FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Collected by O. C. Farrington (Capt. Marshall Field Brazilian Expe- dition) : 1 crab, 2 land shells, 69 insects, 16 toads — Brazil. Collected by H. C. Holling: 14 mammals — Eldridge, Montana. Collected by E. S. Riggs, G. F. Stern- berg, and J. B. Abbott (Capt. Marshall Field Patagonian Ex- pedition) : 2 starfish, 46 shells, 1 beetle, 1 scor- pion, 2 frogs, 26 lizards, 17 birds, 80 birds’ eggs, 1 rhea nest, 23 mammals — Patagonia. Collected by C. C. Sanborn (Capt. Mar- shall Field Chilean Expedition) : 266 mammals, 574 birds, 3 fishes, 84 lizards, 9 snakes, 320 frogs and toads, 14 beetles, 3 bugs, 2 spi- ders, 1 crayfish — Bolivia and Chile. Collected by C. C. Sanborn and F. J. W. Schmidt: 12 mammals, 15 frogs, 1 salamander, 1 turtle, 1 spider, 1 centipede — Highland Park, Illinois. Collected by A. C. Weed and L. L. Pray (Capt. Marshall Field Ex- pedition to Texas): 18 mammals, 32 birds, 1 bird’s egg, 162 fishes, 1 17 fish casts, 4 fish skins, 1 turtle, 1 snake, 40 liz- ards, 13 frogs and toads, 850 in- sects of various orders — South- ern Texas. Collected by K. P. Schmidt and others: 2 salamanders, 27 frogs and toads, 3 snakes — Chicago. Purchases: 5 birds — Alberta, Canada. 2 owls — Arizona. 32 mammals — Bolivia. 30 mammals — British Guiana. 340 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. 2160 insects — British New Guinea. 21 frogs and toads, 11 salamanders, 5 turtles, 25 snakes, 15 lizards — Brownsville, Texas. 63 birds — Central and South Amer- ica and New Guinea. 25 frogs, hi salamanders, 12 lizards, 1 snake, 5 turtles — Charleston, South Carolina. 1 least weasel — Edmonton, Canada. 297 birds — Europe. 104 mammals, 49 birds — Europe and Asia. 1 Rocky Mountain sheep — Fremont County, Wyoming. 95 fishes — Gainesville, Florida. 123 fishes — Laurel, Maryland. 12 newts — Louisiana. 390 birds — Brazil. 12 frogs, 25 snakes, 65 lizards, 3 tur- tles— Santo Domingo. 482 birds — South America. 9 frogs, 2 salamanders, 6 lizards — South Carolina. 77 frogs — Santa Catharina, Brazil. 2 passenger pigeons — United States. 15 antelopes, 5 mice, 3 bats, 20 mon- keys, 7 baboons, 2 chimpanzees — West Africa. FONSECA, JOSE PINTO DA, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 16 birds — Sao Paulo, Brazil (ex- change). GERHARD, W. J., Chicago. 23 insects, 1 snake — Illinois and In- diana. GIRVIN, JOHN, Manistique, Michigan. 1 eel pout — Manistique, Michigan (gift). GLYNN, JOHN, Chicago. 1 red-tailed hawk — Lake County, Illinois (gift). GUERET, E. N., Chicago. 8 fishes, 4 salamanders, 8 insects — Sawyer County, Wisconsin (gift). HALPIN, P., Chicago. 1 tiger salamander — Riverdale, Illi- nois (gift). HARE, F. E., Manchester, Iowa. 7 snakes — Manchester, Iowa (gift). HELLMAYR, MRS. C. E., Chicago. 1 red headed woodpecker — Chicago (gift). HELLMAYR, DR. C. E., Chicago. 134 insects — Canada (gift). HIGINBOTHAM, BRUCE, Evan- ston, Illinois. 1 pilot black snake — Culver, Indi- ana (gift). HILL, MRS. FREDERICK, Westmont, Illinois. 1 spider — Westmont, Illinois (gift). HINE, ASHLEY, Chicago. 6 mammals, 2 owls — Alberta, Can- ada (gift). HOFERER, M. J., St. Stephen**, Wyo- ming. 1 magpie — St. Stephens, Wyoming (gift). HOLLING, H. C., Chicago. 1 box turtle — Indiana (gift). JOHNSEN, CHARLES H., Harvey, Illinois. 1 Baltimore oriole nest — Harvey, Illinois (gift). KAEMPFER, EMIL, Sanchez, Domini- can Republic. 2 turtle eggs — Dominican Republic (gift). LILJEBLAD, E., Chicago. 6 moths — Illinois (gift). LINCOLN PARK COMMISSION, Chicago. 1 tayra, 2 squirrel monkeys — Pozuzo, Peru (gift). 1 Montana grayling — Bozeman, Montana (gift). 53 fishes — Illinois (gift). 2 gars — Bellevue, Iowa (gift). 229 aquarium fishes (gift). 1 turtle — Kankakee River, Illinois (gift). LITTLE, LUTHER, Pasadena, Cali- fornia. 2 bats (gift). LYON, W. I., Waukegan, Illinois. 1 louse-fly — Waukegan, Illinois (gift). MACKINTOSH, L. J., Darjeeling, India. 1 mammal, 7 birds, 1 grasshopper, 4 bugs, 42 butterflies, 41 moths — India (gift). MADDREN, A. G., North Chevy Chase. Maryland. 1 rabbit — Bolivia (gift). McCARTY, DR. WILLIAM H., Des Moines, Iowa. 1 porcupine fish — California (gift). Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 34i McCORMICK, CYRUS, Lake Forest, Illinois. 2 moths — Lake Forest, Illinois (gift). MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOO- OLOGY, Cambridge, Massachu- setts. 2 caimans — South America (ex- change). 30 birds — West Indies and South America (exchange). MYERS, GEORGE S., Jersey City, New Jersey. 11 fishes — Various localities (ex- change). NARBO, DR. S., Sandnes, Norway. 7 birds’ eggs — Rot Island, Norway (gift). NASH, GUY, Wisconsin Rapids, Wis- consin. 1 bug, 1 beetle — Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin (gift). NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF AU- DUBON SOCIETIES, New York City. 105 bird plumes (gift). NATIONAL SOUTHEASTERN UNI- VERSITY, Nanking, China. 1 salamander, 5 frogs — Nanking, China (gift). NORTON, MRS. G. B., Chicago. 1 ruby-throated hummingbird — Chicago (gift). ORTENBURGER, PROF. A. I., Nor- man, Oklahoma. 4 frogs — Norman, Oklahoma (gift). PARKER, J. GRAFTON, Chicago. 880 birds, 43 birds’ nests and eggs — Chicago and other localities (gift). PERRY, ARMSTRONG, Chicago. 1 photograph of blue racer (gift). PINNEO, GEORGE N., Gary, Indiana. 1 prairie rattlesnake — Mineral Springs, Indiana (gift). PRAY, L. L., Homewood, Illinois. 1 red bat, 1 screech owl — Chicago (gift). 35 bird lice — Wauconda, Illinois (gift). PRINCE, S. FRED, Manhattan, Kan- sas. 1 ground skink, 1 wasp — Stone County, Missouri (gift). PSOTA, DR. F. J., Chicago. 1 fly — Caracas Valley, Venezuela (gift). RHEAD, LOUIS, Brooklyn, New York. 2 eastern brook pickerel — Long Is- land, New York (gift). RUDHMANN, Delhi, California. 2 sand crickets — Delhi, California (gift). RUECKERT, ARTHUR G., Chicago. 1 great-horned owl — Ringwood, Illi- nois (exchange). 2 brown bats — Waukegan, Illinois (gift). 1 water snake — Henry, Illinois (gift), SANBORN, COLIN C., Evanston, Illi- nois. 1 pine mouse, 1 tree frog — Highland Park, Illinois (gift). 5 birds— Lake County, Illinois (gift). SAN DIEGO SOCIETY OF NAT- URAL HISTORY, San Diego, California. 2 lizards, 2 Pacific rattlesnakes, 3 red rattlesnakes — San Diego Coun- ty, California (exchange). SCHMIDT, KARL P., Homewood, Illi- nois. 1 swamp tree frog— Homewood, Illi- nois (gift). STEEN, E. B. and GRAVE, B. H., Crawfordsville, Indiana. 78 salamanders — Crawfordsville, In- diana (gift). STERN, LEON, Chicago. 4 turtles — Whitehall, Michigan (gift) . TERRILL, W. A., Norway, Michigan. 1 hognose snake — Faithorn, Michi- gan (gift). TIMBERS, WILLIAM, Chicago. 3 cave crickets — Barren County, Kentucky (gift). TYLER, C. C., Eureka, Florida. 1 beetle — Marion County, Florida (gift). 8 tadpoles, 1 salamander, 1 lizard, 1 snake — Marion County, Flor- ida (Gift). TYRRELL, W. B., Maywood, Illinois. 5 ticks, 2 beetles — Wisconsin and Ill- inois (gift). 342 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM, Wash- ington, D. C. i marsupial — Matchu Picchu, Peru (exchange). WADDINGTON, MRS. A. H., West- mount, Illinois. io hair worms — Westmount, Illinois (gift). WALSH, PATRICK, Chicago. i red bat — Chicago (gift). WALTERS, L. L., Chicago. 17 frogs — Salamonia, Indiana (gift). WEED, A. C., Chicago. 25 insects — Northern Illinois (gift). WOLCOTT, A. B., Chicago. 1 louse-fly — Niles, Illinois (gift). 9 frogs, 6 snakes, 1 lizard, 175 in- sects— Stone County, Missouri (gift). SECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHY BENNETT, MISS HELEN B., Chicago. 16 prints of Indian grave. CHALMERS, W. J., Chicago. 30 photographs — Egypt, Algeria and Tunesia. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Made by Section: 9,602 prints, 1,518 negatives, 651 lantern slides. Developed for Field Expeditions: 456 negatives. 47 moving picture films. FIELD, CAPTAIN MARSHALL, EX- PEDITIONS. To China: 25 negatives of actors’ costumes. To British Honduras: _ 325 negatives of natives, landscapes and general views. To Brazil: 525 negatives of natives, landscapes and general views. HEPPERLEY, J. F., Omaha, Nebraska. 18 prints of Indian pictographs. HUNTINGTON LIBRARY AND ART GALLERY. 2 photostat reproductions. JONES, ARTHUR B., MALAYAN EXPEDITION. 1 moving picture reel. McCREA, W. S., Chicago. 7 negatives of rock formations. PATHE REVIEW, New York City. 1 moving picture reel. RYERSON, MARTIN A., Chicago. 58 photographs of racial types of Mexico. 27 photographs of racial types of Korea. 49 photographs of racial types of Melanesia. 10 photographs. WINTERNITZ, L., Fort Myers, Flor- ida. 30 photographs of Seminole Indians. 17 prints of Seminole Indians. THE LIBRARY LIST OF DONORS AND EXCHANGES (Accessions are made by exchange, unless otherwise designated) AFRICA: East Africa and Uganda Natural History, Nairobi. Geological Society, Johannesburg. Institut d’Egypte, Cairo. Ministry of Public Works, Cairo. Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg. Natal Technical College, Durban. Rhodesia Scientific Society, Bulawayo. Royal Society of South Africa, Cape Town. Societe de G6ographie d’ Alger. Societe d’Histoire Naturelle de l’Af- rique du Nord, Algeria. Societd des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc, Rabat. South African Association for the Advancement of Science, Cape Town. South African Department of Agri- culture, Pretoria. South African Museum, Cape Town. Transvaal Museum, Pretoria. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 343 ARGENTINA: Ministerio de Agricultura, Buenos Aires. Museo de La Plata. Museo National, Buenos Aires. Sociedad Cientifica Argentina, Buenos Aires. Sociedad Omitologica del Plata, Buenos Aires. Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires. AUSTRALIA: Australian Museum, Sydney. Botanic Gardens and Government Domains, Sydney. Commonwealth of Australia, Mel- bourne. Department of Agriculture, Adelaide. Department of Agriculture, Sydney. Department of Agriculture, Well- ington. Department of Mines, Brisbane. Department of Mines, Sydney. Field Naturalists' Club, Melbourne. Fish Commission of New South Wales, Sydney. Forestry Commission, Sydney (gift). Geological Survey of Western Austra- lia, Perth. Linnean Society of New South Wales, Sydney. Melbourne University. National Herbarium, Melbourne. Ornithological Society of South Aus- tralia, Adelaide. Public Library, Museum and Art Gal- lery, Adelaide. Public Library, Museum and National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne. Queensland Geological Survey, Bris- bane. Queensland Museum, Brisbane. Royal Geographical Society of Aus- tralasia, Brisbane. Royal Society of New South Wales, Sydney. Royal Society of Queensland, Bris- bane. Royal Society of South Australia, Ade- laide. Royal Society of Tasmania, Hobart. Royal Society of Western Australia, Perth. Royal Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria, Melbourne. South Australian Museum, Adelaide. Technological Museum, Sydney. AUSTRIA: Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft, Vienna. Zoologisches Institut, Graz. BELGIUM: Academie Royale de Belgique, Brus- sels. Jardin Botanique de l’Etat, Brussels. Kruidkundig Genootschap Dodonea, Ghent. Nederlaudsche Phytopathologische (Plantenziekten) Vereeniging, Ghent. Societe de Botanique, Brussels. Sotiete Royale d’Archeologie, Brus- sels. Universite de Louvain. BORNEO: Sarawak Museum. BRAZIL: Academia Brasileira de Sciencias, Rio de Janeiro. Biblioteca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medi- cina, Veterinaria, Rio de Janeiro. Minister of Foreign Affairs of Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. Secretaria da Agricultura, Commercio e Obras Publicas, Sao Paulo. Servico Geologico e Mineralogica, Rio de Janeiro. BRITISH GUIANA: Board of Agriculture, Georgetown. Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society, Demerara. CANADA: Canadian Arctic Expedition, Ottawa (gift). Chief Game Guardian of Saskatche- wan, Regina. Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. Department of Agriculture, Victoria. Department of Indian Affairs, Ottawa. Department of Mines, Ontario, Toronto. Department of Mines, Ottawa. Department of the Interior, Geologi- cal Survey, Ottawa. Entomological Society of Ontario, Toronto. Hamilton Association. Horticultural Societies, Toronto. McGill University, Montreal. Minister of Education, Ontario, To- ronto. Nova Scotian Institute of Science, Hali- fax. Provincial Museum, Toronto. Provincial Museum, Victoria. Royal Canadian Institute, Toronto. Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa. Soci6te de Geographie, Quebec. University of Toronto. 344 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. CEYLON: Colombo Museum. CHILE: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Valpar- aiso. Museo de Etnologia y Antropologia, Santiago. Museo Nacional de Chile, Santiago. CHINA: Botany and Forestry Department, Hong-Kong. Geological Survey, Pekin. Royal Asiatic Society of North China, Shanghai. Science Society of China, Shanghai (gift). University of Nanking. CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Deutscher Naturwissenschaftlich- Medizinischer Verein fur Bohmen “Lotos", Prague. Plant Physiological Laboratory, Prague (gift). Societas Entomologica Bohemica, Prague. DENMARK: K. Bibliotek, Copenhagen. K. Nordiske Oldskriftselskab, Copen- hagen. Naturhistorisk Forening, Copenhagen. Royal Society of Northern Antiquar- ies, Copenhagen. Societe Botanique, Copenhagen. ECUADOR: Academia Nacional de Historia, Quito. FEDERATED MALAY STATES: Federated Malay States Museum, Kuala Lumpur. Royal Asiatic Society, Malayan Branch, Singapore. FIJI ISLANDS: Fijian Society, Suva. FINLAND: Abo Akademi. Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, Helsingfors. Suomen Museo, Helsingfors. FRANCE: Academie des Sciences, Paris. Ecole d’Anthropologie, Paris. Faculte des Sciences, Marseille. Ministere de l’lnstruction Publique, Paris (gift). Musee Guimet, Paris. Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris. LaNature, Paris. Societe d’Etudes Scientifiques, Angers. Societe d’Histoire Naturelle, Tou- louse. Societe d' Horticulture, Paris. Societe de Geographic, Paris. Societe des Americanistes, Paris. Societe Linguistique, Paris. Societe Nationale d’ Horticulture de France, Paris. Universite de Rennes. GERMANY: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaf- ten, Munich. Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum, Berlin. Botanischer Verein der Provinz Bran- denburg, Berlin. Deutsche Dendrologische Gesellschaft, Bonn-Poppelsdorf. Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Anthropo- logie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte, Berlin. Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesell- schaft, Leipzig. Deutscher Seefischerei Verein, Berlin. Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Berlin. Geographische Gesellschaft, Hamburg. Gesellschaft fur Erdkunde, Berlin. Hamburgische Universitat. Hessische Ludwigs-Universitat Gies- sen. K. Museum fur Volkskunde, Berlin. K. Preussische Akademie der Wissen- schaften, Berlin. K. Universitats Bibliothek, Marburg. K. Universitats Bibliothek, Munich. K. Zoologisches Anthropologisch- Ethnographgisches Museum, Dres- den. K. Zoologisches Museum, Berlin. Museum fur Lander-und Volkerkunde, Stuttgart. Museum fur Volkerkunde, Hamburg. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Frei- burg. Naturhistorische Gesellschaft, Nurem- berg. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein, Karls- ruhe. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fur Schwaben und Neuburg, Augsburg. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fur Steiermark, Graz. Ornithologische Gesellschaft in Bay- ern, Munich. Rheinische Missions-Gesellschaft, Bre- men. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 345 Schlesische Gesellschaft fur Vater- landische Cultur, Breslau. Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Frankfurt a. M. Thuringischer Botanischer Verein, Weimar. Wurttembergische Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften, Tu- bingen. Zoologisches Museum, Berlin. Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg. GREAT BRITAIN: Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. Ashmolean Natural History Society, Oxford. Birmingham Natural History and Phi- losophical Society. Bristol Museum and Gallery. British Museum, London. British Museum (Natural History), London. Cambridge Antiquarian Society. Cambridge Philosophical Society. Cambridge University. Cardiff Naturalists’ Society. Dove Marine Laboratory, Cullercoats. Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society, Dumfries. Fisheries Board, Edinburgh. Geological Society, Edinburgh. Geological Society, Liverpool. Great Britain Geological Society, London. Homiman Museum and Library, London. Hull Municipal Museum. Imperial Bureau of Entomology, Lon- don. Japan Society of London. Imperial College of Science and Tech- nology, London. Lancashire Sea Fisheries Laboratory, Liverpool. Linnean Society, London. Liverpool Biological Society. Manchester Field Naturalists’ and Archaeologists’ Society. Manchester Geographical Society. Manchester Literary and Philosophi- cal Society. Manchester Museum. Marine Biological Association, Ply- mouth. Museum of Practical Geology, London. National Library of Wales, Aberyst- wyth. National Museum of Wales, Cardiff. Natural History and Philosophical Society, Brighton. Natural History Society, Glasgow. Natural History Society of Northum- berland, Durham and Newcastle-on - Tyne, Newcastle. Oriental Ceramic Society, London. Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, London. Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Royal Colonial Institute, London. Royal Geographical Society, London. Royal Horticultural Society, London . Royal Society, London. Royal Society of Arts, London. Ro}^al Society of Edinburgh. South London Entomological and Na- tural History Society, London. Tring Zoological Museum. Zoological Society of London. HUNGARY: Hungarian Institute of Ornithology, Budapest. Magyar Termeszettudomanyi Tarsu- lat, Budapest. INDIA: Anthropological Society, Bombay. Archaeological Survey, Allahabad. Archaeological Survey, Burma, Ran- goon. Archaeological Survey, Calcutta. Archaeological Survey, Eastern Circle, Patna. Archaeological Survey, Frontier Circle, Peshawar. Archaeological Department, Madras. Archaeological Survey of Burma, La- hore. MEXICO: Instituto Geologico de Mexico. Museo Nacional de Arqueologia, His- toria y Etnografia, Mexico. Secretaria de Agricultura y Fomento, Direccion de Antropologia, Mexico. Sociedad Cientifica “Antonio Alzate,” Mexico. Sociedad Geol6gica Mexicana, Mexico. Universidad Nacional, Mexico. NETHERLANDS: Bataafsch Genootschap der Proefon- dervindelijke Wijsbegeerte, Rotter- dam. Directie van den Landbouw, Hague. K. Academie van Wetenschappen, Amsterdam. K. Instituut voor de Taal-Land-en Vol- kenkunde van Nederlandsch Indie, Hague. K. Nederlandsch Aardijkundig Geno- otschap, Amsterdam. Nederlandsche Dierkunde Vereeniging, Leiden. 346 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. N ederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij , Amsterdam. Nederlandsche Phytopathologische Vereeniging, Wageningen. Rijks Ethnographisch Museum, Lei- den. Rijks Hoogere Land-Tuin-en Bosch- bouwschool, Wageningen. Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke His- toric, Leiden. Universiteit van Amsterdam, Biblio- thek. NEW ZEALAND: Acclimatisation Society, Wellington. Auckland Institute and Museum, Wel- lington. Canterbury Museum, Christchurch. Department of Agriculture, Welling- ton. Department of Mines, Wellington. Dominion Museum, Wellington. Geological Survey, Wellington. New Zealand Board of Science and Art, Wellington. NORWAY: Bergen Museum. Geologisk Museums Bibliothek, Kris- tiania. Norges Geologiske Undersokolse, Kris- tiania. Physiographiske Forening, Kristiania. Tromso Museum. Zoologiske Museum, Kristiania* PERU: Cuerpo de Ingenieros de Minas, Lima. Sociedad Geografica, Lima. Universidad Mayor de San Marcos, Lima. POLAND: Academy of Commerce, Warsaw. Bibliotheque de l’Ecole Superieure de Commerce, Warsaw. Musei Polonici Historiae Naturales, Warsaw. Societe Botanique de Pologne, War- saw. PORTUGAL: Biblioteca Nacional, Lisbon. Collegio de San Fiel, Braga. Instituto de Anatomia, Lisbon. Societe Portugaise des Sciences Nat- urelles, Lisbon. Universidade de Lisboa. Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta. Bihar and Orissa Research Society, Patna. Department of Agriculture, Bombay. Department of Agriculture, Madras. Department of Agriculture, Poona. Department of Agriculture, Pusa. Geological Survey, Calcutta. Government, Cinchona Plantation, Calcutta. Government of India, Calcutta. Government Museum, Madras. Indian Museum, Calcutta. Journal of Indian Botany, Madras. National Indian Association, Calcutta (gift). Nazim College, Archaeological Depart- ment, Hyderabad. Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta. University of Calcutta. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. IRELAND: Belfast Naturalists’ Field Club. Department of Agriculture, Scientific Investigations, Dublin. Geological Survey, Dublin. Royal Irish Academy, Dublin. Royal Dublin Society. ITALY: Istituto Botanica, Universita di Pavia. Istituto Geografico de Agostini, Novara. Musei Zoologiae ed Anatomia Com- parata, Turin. Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genoa. R. Accademia delle Sceinze di Torino. R. Accademia Nazionale del Lincei, Rome. R. Orto Botanico Giardino Coloniale, Palermo. R. Scuola Superiore di Agricoltura, Portici. R. Societa Geografica Italiana, Rome. Societa dei Naturalisti, Naples. Society di Scienze Naturali ed Econo- miche, Florence. Societa Italiana de Scienze Naturali, Milan. Societa Romana di Antropologia, Rome. Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Pisa. JAPAN: Anthropological Society of Tokyo. Geological Society, Tokyo. Government Research Institute, Tai- hoku, Formosa. Imperial University, Taihoku, For- mosa. Imperial University of Tokyo, Col- lege of Science. Ornithological Society, Tokyo. Tokyo Botanical Society. JAVA: Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kun- sten en Wetenschappen, Batavia. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 347 Department of Agriculture, Buiten- zorg. Encyclopaedisch Bureau, Weltevre- den. Jardin Botanique, Weltevreden. Java Instituut, Weltevreden. K. Natuurkundige Vereeniging in Nederlandsch-Indie, Weltevreden. RUSSIA: Academie Imperiale des Sciences, Len- ingrad. Botanical Garden, Leningrad. Societe des Naturalistes de Petrograd. Universitat Dorpatensis. SPAIN: Collegio de Pasaje, La Guardia. Institucid Catalana d’Historia Natural, Barcelona. Instituto General y Tecnico, Valencia. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias, Madrid. Junta de Ciencias Naturals, Barcelona. Junta para Amplication de Estudious e Investigations Cientlficas, Mad- rid. R. Academia de Ciencias y Arte, Bar- celona. R. Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Fisi- cas y Naturales, Madrid. Sociedad Espanola de Historia Nat- ural, Madrid. SWEDEN: K. Biblioteket, Stockholm. K. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien, Stockholm. K. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Stockholm. Lunds Universitet. Svenska Sallskapet for Antropologi och Geografi, Stockholm. Universitet Biblioteket, Upsala. SWITZERLAND: Botanischer Garten, Bern. Botanisches Museum, Zurich. Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques, Geneva. Geographisch-Ethnographische Gesell- schaft, Zurich. Historisches Museum, Bern. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Basel. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Bern. Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Zurich. Musses d’Histoire Naturelle, Lau- sanne. Ostschweizerische Geograph-Commer- cielle Gesellschaft, St. Gallen. Soci6t6 de Physique et d’Histoire Nat- urelle, Geneva. Society Entomologique, Bern. Societe Fribourgeoise des Sciences Nat- urelles, Fribourg. Societe Helvetique des Sciences Nat- urelles, Bern. Societe Neuchateloise de Geographie, Neuchatel. Universitat, Bern. Universitat, Botanisches Museum, Zurich. VENEZUELA: Cultura Venezolana, Caracas. WEST INDIES: Academia Nacional de Artes y Letras, Havana. Agricultural Experiment Station, Porto Rico. Biblioteca Nacional, Havana. Department of Agriculture of Jamaica, Kingston. Imperial Department of Agriculture, Barbados. Insular Experiment Station, Rio Pie- dras. Liceo de Costa Rica, San Jose. Trinidad and Tobago Department of Agriculture, Port of Spain. Universidad de Habana. Ahl, Ernst, Berlin. Altobelle, G., (gift). Benson, Rex, London (gift). Brandstetter, Renward, Lucerne (gift). Carpenter, G. H., Dublin. Cook, Melville T., Pio Piedras. Dearness, John, London. Dunod, H., Paris. Faura y Sans, M., Tortosa. Forberg, Elof, Stockholm. Gamble, J. S., Madras. Gennep, Arnold van, Paris. Gleerup, C. W. K., Lund. Greslebin, Hector, Buenos Aires (gift). Hammerton, J. A., London (gift). Helbin, Hugo, Frankfurt a. M. (gift) . Herrera, Moises, Mexico. Herter, W., Berlin (gift). Huard, V. A., Quebec. Kindle, E. M., Ottawa (gift). Kishenouye, K., Tokyo (gift). Lavanden, L., Paris (gift). Lehmann, Walter., Berlin (gift). Loo, C. T., Paris (gift). MacKenzie, William C., Melbourne. MacRitchie, David., Edinburgh. Marelli, Carlos A., Buenos Aires (gift). Mertens, Robert, Frankfurt a. M. Miller, David, Wellington (gift). Nordenskiold, Erland, Goteborg (gift). Porter, Carlos E., Santiago de Chile. 348 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Richter, Rudolf, Frankfurt a. M. Rinne, Friedrich, Leipzig (gift). Rivet, P., Paris. Roig, Mario Sanchez, Havana (gift). Roule, Louis, Paris (gift). Sapir, E., Ottawa. Schinz, Hans, Zurich. Schlaginhaufen, Otto, Zurich. Schmidt, W., Wien. ShirogorofF, S. M., Leningrad (gift). Tobler, Leipzig. Watson, J. Henry, Manchester (gift). Welch, M. B., Sydney. ALABAMA: Anthropological Society, Montgomery. CALIFORNIA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Berkeley. Board of Fish and Game Commission- ers, Sacramento. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. Citrus Experiment Station, Riverside. Cooper Ornithological Club, Holly- wood. Natural History Museum, San Diego (gift). Pomona College, Clarement. San Diego Society of Natural History. Scripps Institution of Biological Re- search, La Jolla. Southern Academy of Sciences, Los Angeles. Southwest Museum, Los Angeles. Stanford University. State Mining Bureau, Sacramento. University of California, Berkeley. COLORADO: Bureau of Mines, Denver. Colorado College, Colorado Springs. Colorado Museum of Natural History, Denver. Colorado Scientific Society, Denver. Colorado University, Boulder. State Historical and Natural History Society, Denver. CONNECTICUT: Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. American Oriental Society, New Haven. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, New Haven. Hartford Public Library. Marsh Botanical Garden, New Haven. Osborn Botanical Laboratory, New Haven. Peabody Museum, New Haven. State Geological and Natural History Survey, Hartford. Storrs Agricultural Experiment Sta- tion. Wesleyan University, Middletown. Yale University, New Haven. FLORIDA: State Geological Survey, Tallahassee. HAWAII: Agricultural Experiment Station, Honolulu. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Hono- lulu. Board of Commissioners of Agricul- ture and Forestry, Honolulu. Hawaiian Entomological Society, Honolulu. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association, Honolulu. IDAHO: Mining Industry, Boise. State Historical Society of Idaho, Boise. University of Idaho, Moscow. ILLINOIS: Agricultural Experiment Station, Ur- bana. Art Institute of Chicago. Audubon Society, Chicago. Board of Education, Chicago. Chicago Historical Society. Chicago Public Library. Division of Natural History Survey, Urbana. Hardwood Record, Chicago (gift). John Crerar Library, Chicago. Lake Forest College. Newberry Library, Chicago. Northwestern University, Evanston. Open Court Publishing Company, Chi- cago. State Academy of Science, Springfield. State Board of Agriculture, Springfield. State Geological Survey, Springfield. State Historical Library, Springfield. State Water Survey, Springfield. Sweet, Wallach and Company, Chi- cago (gift). University of Chicago. University of Illinois, Urbana. INDIANA: Academy of Science, Indianapolis. Department of Conservation, Indian- apolis. Indiana University, Bloomington. John Herron Art Institute, Indian- apolis. Legislative Reference Bureau, Indian- apolis. Purdue University, Lafayette. University of Notre Dame. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LIX. IMPERIAL STATE ROBE OF THE MANCHU DYNASTY, OF YELLOW SILK WITH DESIGNS WOVEN IN. CHINA, K‘IEN-LUNG PERIOD (1736-95). CAPTAIN MARSHALL FIELD EXPEDITION TO CHINA, 1923. About one-twelfth actual size. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 349 IOWA: Academy of Science, Des Moines. Horticultural Society, Des Moines. Iowa Geological Survey, Des Moines. Iowa State College, Ames. University of Iowa, Iowa City. KANSAS: Academy of Science, Topeka. Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan. State Board of Agriculture, Topeka. State Geological Survey, Lawrence. State Historical Society, Topeka. University of Kansas, Lawrence. KENTUCKY: Academy of Science, Frankfort. Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisville. Kentucky Geological Survey, Frank- fort. LOUISIANA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Bat- on Rouge. Department of Conservation, New Orleans. State Museum, New Orleans. MAINE: Agricultural Experiment Station, Orono. Bowdoin College, Brunswick. MARYLAND: Agricultural Experiment Station, College Park. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. MASSACHUSETTS: Agricultural Experiment Station, Amherst. American Academy of Arts and Sci- ences, Boston. American Antiquarian Society, Wor- cester. Boston Public Library. Boston Society of Natural History. Children’s Museum of Boston, Jama- ica Plain. Harvard College, Museum of Compar- ative Zoology, Cambridge. Harvard University. Arnold Arbor- etum, Jamaica Plain. Harvard University. Gray Herbarium, Cambridge. Massachusetts Horticultural Society, Boston. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. New Bedford Free Public Library. Peabody Institute. Peabody Museum, Cambridge. Peabody Museum, Salem. Phillips Academy, Andover. Salem Public Library. Smith College, Northampton. Springfield City Library Association. Springfield Natural History Museum. Tufts College. Williams College, Williamstown. MICHIGAN: Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College. Chamberlain Memorial Museum, Three Oaks. Department of Conservation. Geo- logical Survey Division, Lansing. Detroit Institute of Art. Geological and Natural History Sur- vey, Lansing. Grand Rapids Public Library. Michigan Academy of Science, Ann Arbor. Michigan College of Mines, Houghton. Michigan State Library, Lansing. State Board of Agriculture, Lansing. State Board of Library Commissions, Lansing. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. MINNESOTA: Agricultural Experiment Station, University Farm. Minneapolis Institute of Arts. Minnesota Historical Society, Saint Paul. Saint Paul Institute. State Entomologist, University Farm. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. MISSISSIPPI: Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural College. Mississippi State Geological Survey, Jackson. MISSOURI: Agricultural Experiment Station, Columbia. Bureau of Geology and Mines, Rolla. City Art Museum, Saint Louis. Missouri Botanic Garden, Saint Louis. Missouri Historical Society, Columbia. Saint Louis Academy of Science. Saint Louis Public Library. Saint Louis University. University of Missouri. School of Mines, Rolla. Washington University, Saint Louis. MONTANA: State Board of Horticulture, Missoula. University of Montana, Missoula. NEBRASKA: University of Nebraska, Lincoln. 35o Field Museum of Natural History— Reports, Vol. VI. NEVADA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Reno. NEW JERSEY: Agricultural Experiment Station, Trenton. Department of Conservation and De- velopment, Trenton. Newark Museums Association. Princeton University. NEW MEXICO: Historical Society, Santa Fe. New Mexico Museum, Santa Fe. NEW YORK: Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva. American Geographical Society, New York. American Museum of Natural History, New York. Asia Publishing Company, New York. Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sci- ences. Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. Carnegie Foundation for the Advance- ment of Teaching, New York (gift). Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York. Cornell University, Ithaca. Forest and Stream Publishing Com- pany, New York. Inter- American Magazine, New York (gift). Japan Society, New York. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Museum of the American Indian, New York. New York Academy of Sciences, New York. New York Botanical Garden, New York. , New York Historical Society, New York. Pratt Institute Free Library, New York. Public Library, New York. Rochester Academy of Science. Rockefeller Foundation, New York. State College of Forestry, Syracuse. State Library, Albany. State Museum, Albany. Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences, New York. Stone Publishing Company, New York. Syracuse University. University of the State of New York, Albany. Vassar College, Poughkeepsie. Zoological Society, New York. NORTH CAROLINA: Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, Chapel Hill. NORTH DAKOTA: Historical Society, Grand Forks. University of North Dakota, Univer- sity. OHIO: Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster. Cincinnati Museum Association. Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland Museum of Natural His- tory. Cleveland Public Library. Denison University, Granville. Geological Survey, Columbus. Ohio Academy of Science, Columbus. State Archaeological and Historical So- ciety, Columbus. State University, Columbus. University of Cincinnati. Wilson Ornithological Club, Oberlin. OKLAHOMA: University of Oklahoma, Norman. OREGON: Agricultural Experiment Station, Corvallis. University of Oregon, Eugene. PENNSYLVANIA: American Philosophical Society, Phil- adelphia. Association of Engineering Societies, Philadelphia. Bryn Mawr College. Bureau of Topographic and Geological Survey, Harrisburg. Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh. Carnegie Library, Pittsburgh. Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh. Dropsie College, Philadelphia. Engineers’ Society of Western Penn- sylvania, Pittsburgh. Franklin Institute, Philadelphia. Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Philadelphia. Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art, Philadelphia. Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sci- ences. Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. Philadelphia Commercial Museum. Sullivant Moss Society, Pittsburgh. University of Pennsylvania, Philadel- phia. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 35i University of Pennsylvania, Museum, Philadelphia. Wagner Free Institute of Science, Phil- adelphia. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Bureau of Education, Manila. Department of Agriculture, Manila. Department of Agriculture and Nat- ural Resources, Manila. Department of Interior, Bureau of Sci- ence, Manila. RHODE ISLAND: Park Museum, Providence. SOUTH CAROLINA: Charleston Museum. SOUTH DAKOTA: Agricultural Experiment Station, Brookings. Geological and Natural History Sur- vey, Vermilion. TENNESSEE: Department of Education, Division of Geology, Nashville. TEXAS: Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station. Scientific Society of San Antonio. University of Texas, Austin. VERMONT: Agricultural Experiment Station, Burlington. State Forester, Montpelier. State Geological Survey, Burlington. VIRGINIA: State Library, Richmond. University of Virginia, Charlottesville. Virginia Geological Survey, Charlottes- ville. WASHINGTON: Department of Conservation and De- velopment, Division of Geology, Olympia. Washington Geological Survey, Pull- man. Washington University, Seattle. Washington University, Historical So- ciety, Seattle. WASHINGTON, D. C.: American Association for the Advance- ment of vScience (gift). American Mining Congress. Carnegie Institution of Washington (gift). Daily Science News Bulletin. Library of Congress. Nationl Academy of Sciences. National Education Association (gift). National Research Council. National Zoological Park. Pan American Union. Peruvian Arbitration Commission. Smithsonian Institution. United States Government. United States National Museum. WEST VIRGINIA: State Department of Agriculture, Charleston. West Virginia University Morgan- town. WISCONSIN: Agricultural Experiment Station, Madison. Beloit College. Geological and Natural History Sur- vey, Madison. Public Museum of Milwaukee. State Horticultural Society, Madison. University of Wisconsin, Madison. Arthur, J. C., Lafayette. Ayer, Edward E., Chicago (gift). Baker, Frank C., Urbana. Ballard, James F., Saint Louis (gift). Bishop, Sherman C., Albany (gift). Blatchley, W. S., Indianapolis. Brandegee, Townshend S., Berkeley. Canfield, Frederick A., Dover (gift). Casey, Thomas L., Washington (gift). Cassius, S. E., Salem (gift). Cattell, J. McKeen, New York (gift). Cockerell, T. D. A., Boulder. Cook, Melville T., Porto Rico. Davies, D. C., Chicago (gift). Davis, William T., New Brighton (gift). DeLong, Dwight M., Columbus (gift). Dengler, Hermann, New York. Evans, Alexander W., New Haven. Farwell, Oliver A., Detroit. Fassett, Norman C., New Haven (gift). Field, Stanley, Chicago (gift). Gates, Frank C., Manhattan (gift). Gerhard, W. J., Chicago (gift). Glessner, J. J., Chicago (gift). Hall, Harvey M., Berkeley (gift). Harshberger, John W., Philadelphia. Haynes, Caroline C., Highland (gift). Hellmayr, C. E., Chicago (gift). Holland, W. J., Pittsburgh. Jillson, Willard A., Frankfort (gift). Keyes, Charles R., Mt. Vernon (gift). Laufer, Berthold, Chicago (gift). Lewis, A. B., Chicago (gift). Love, Charles A., Aurora (gift). McClintock, Walter, Pittsburgh (gift). MacGowan, Kenneth, New York. 352 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. McNair, James B., Chicago (gift). Mansfield, Howard, New York. Mason, J. Alden, New York (gift). Mills, William C., Columbus. Noe, A. C., Chicago. Osborn, Henry F., New York. Osborn, Herbert, Columbus. Osgood, Wilfred H., Chicago (gift). Pittier, H., Washington. Psota, Frank J., Chicago (gift). Record, Samuel J., New Haven (gift). Reed, Carlos S., Santiago de Chile (gift). Robb, Mrs. G. W., Borden (gift). Safford, W. E., Washington (gift). Saunders, Charles F., Pasadena. Schmidt, Karl P., Chicago (gift). Smith, Huron H., Milwaukee (gift). Sternberg, Charles M., Oakley (gift). Treadwell, A. L., Poughkeepsie (gift). Tuthill, Frank H., Chicago (gift). Tyrrell, W. B., Milwaukee (gift). Viosca, Percy, Jr., New Orleans (gift). Wilbour, Victor and Theodora, Brook- lyn (gift). Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 353 ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION STATE OF ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF STATE William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State. To All to Whom These Presents Shall Come, Greeting: Whereas , a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, a. d. 1893, for the organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO, under and in ac- cordance with the provisions of “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy of which certificate is hereto attached. Now, therefore, I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized Corporation under the laws of this State. In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the Great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the Independence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth. W. H. HINRICHSEN, [Seal] Secretary of State. TO HON. WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN, Secretary of State : Sir : We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a cor- poration under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled “An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof ; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby state as follows, to-wit : 1. The name of such corporation is the “COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO.” 2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dis- semination of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illus- trating Art, Archaeology, Science and History. 3. The management of the aforesaid museum shall be vested in a Board of Fifteen (15) Trustees, five of whom are to be elected every year. 4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the first year of its corporate existence : 354 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. Edward E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davis, Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock, Emil G. Hirsch, James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, O. F. Aldis, Edwin Walker, John C. Black and Frank W. Gunsaulus. 5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook, and State of Illinois. (Signed), George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert McCurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchinson, Ebenezer Buckingham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H. Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Franklin H. Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers, Thomas B. Bryan, L. Z. Leiter, A. C. Bartlett, A. A. Sprague, A. C. McClurg, James W. Scott, Geo. F. Bissell, John R. Walsh, Chas. Fitzsimmons, John A. Roche, E. B. McCagg, Owen F. Aldis, Ferdinand W. Peck, James H. Dole, Joseph Stockton, Edward B. Butler, John McConnell, R. A. Waller, H. C. Chatfield-Taylor, A. Crawford, Wm. Sooy Smith, P. S. Peterson, John C. Black, Jno. J. Mitchell, C. F. Gunther, George R. Davis, Stephen A. Forbes, Robert W. Patterson, Jr., M. C. Bullock, Edwin Walker, George M. Pullman, William E. Curtis, James W. Ellsworth, William E. Hale, Wm. T. Baker, Martin A. Ryerson, Huntington W. Jackson, N. B. Ream, Norman Williams, Melville E. Stone, Bryan Lathrop, Eliphalet W. Blatchford, Philip D. Armour. State of Illinois ] r SS Cook County J I, G. R. Mitchell, a Notary Public in and for said County, do hereby certify that the foregoing petitioners personally appeared before me and acknowledged severally that they signed the foregoing petition as their free and voluntary act for the uses and purposes therein set forth. Given under my hand and notarial seal this 14th day of September, 1893. G. R. MITCHELL, [Seal] Notary Public, Cook County, III. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held the 25th day of June, 1894, the name of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM. A certificate to this effect was filed June 26, 1894, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. CHANGE OF NAME. Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members hel \ the 8th day of November, 1905, the name of the FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was changed to FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. A certificate to this effect was filed November 10, 1905, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. CHANGE IN ARTICLE 3. Pursuant to a resolution at a meeting of the corporate members held the 10th day of May, 1920, the management of FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY shall be invested in a Board of Twenty-one (21) Trustees, who shall be elected in such manner and for such time and term of office as may be provided for by the By-Laws. A certificate to this effect was filed May 21, 1920, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 355 AMENDED BY-LAWS January 1925 ARTICLE I. MEMBERS Section i. Members shall be of ten classes, Corporate Members, Honorary Members, Patrons, Benefactors, Fellows, Life Members, Non-Resident Life Mem- bers, Associate Members, Sustaining Members, and Annual Members. Section 2. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recom- mendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such person named in the articles of incorporation shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of twenty ($20.00) dollars or more. Corporate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or Hon- orary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annual meetings of said Corporate Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual meeting of the Board of Trustees is held. Section 3. Honorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous nomination of the Executive Commitee. They shall be exempt from all dues. Section 4. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent service to the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members. Section 5. Any person contributing or devising the sum of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00) in cash, or securities, or property to the funds of the Museum, may be elected a Benefactor of the Museum. Section 6. Any person contributing the sum of Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000.00) in cash or securities to the funds of the Museum, may be elected a Fellow of the Museum, who after being so elected shall have the right in perpetuity to appoint the successor in said Fellowship. Section 7. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00), at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that are accorded to mem- bers of the Board of Trustees. Any person residing fifty miles or more from the city of Chicago, paying into the treasury the sum of One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become a Non-Resident Life Member. Non-Resident Life Members shall be exempt from all dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that are accorded to members of the Board of Trustees. Section 8. Any person paying into the treasury of the Museum the sum of one hundred ($100.00) dollars, at any one time, shall upon the unanimous 356 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. vote of the Board, become an Associate Member. Associate Members shall be entitled to : tickets admitting member and members of family, including non- resident home guests; all publications of the Museum, if so desired; reserved seats for all lectures and entertainments under the auspices of the Museum, pro- vided reservation is requested in advance; and admission of holder of membership and accompanying party to all special exhibits and Museum functions day or evening. Section 9. Sustaining Member shall consist of such persons as are selected from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall pay an annual fee of twenty-five ($25.00) dollars, payable within thirty days after notice of election and within thirty days after each recurring annual date. This Sustaining Membership entitles the member to free admission for the member and family to Museum on any day and allows 25 admission coupons, which may be used by any one, the Annual Report and such other Museum documents or publications as may be requested in writing. When a Sustaining Member has paid the annual fee of $25.00 for six years, such member shall be entitled to become an Associate Member. Section 10. Annual Members shall consist of such persons as are selected from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who shall pay an annual fee of ten ($10.00) dollars, payable within thirty days after each recurring annual date. An Annual Membership shall entitle the member to a card of admission for the member and family during all hours when the Museum is open to the public, and free admission for the member and family to all Museum lectures or entertainments. This membership will also entitle the holder to the courtesies of the membership privileges of every Museum of note in the United States and Canada, so long as the existing system of co- operative interchange of membership tickets shall be maintained, including tickets for any lectures given under the auspices of any of the Museums during a visit to the cities in which the cooperative museums are located. Section ii. All membership fees, excepting Sustaining and Annual, shall hereafter be applied to a permanent Membership Endowment Fund, the interest only of which shall be applied for the use of the Museum as the Board of Trustees may order. ARTICLE II. BOARD OF TRUSTEES Section i. The Board of Trustees shall consist of twenty-one members. The respective members of the Board now in office, and those who shall here- after be elected, shall hold office during life. Vacancies occurring in the Board shall be filled at a regular meeting of the Board, upon the nomination of the Executive Committee made at a preceding regular meeting of the Board, by a majority vote of the members of the Board present. Section 2. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held on the third Mon- day of each month. Special meetings may be called at any time by the President, and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request of three Trustees. Five Trustees shall constitute a quorum, except for the election of officers or the adoption of the Annual Budget, when seven Trustees shall be required, but meet- ings may be adjourned by any less number from day to day, or to a day fixed, previous to the next regular meeting. Section 3. Reasonable written notice, designating the time and place of holding meetings, shall be given by the Secretary. ARTICLE III. HONORARY TRUSTEES Section i. As a mark of respect, and in appreciation of services performed for the Institution, those Trustees who by reason of inability, on account of FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY COMPLETE SKELETON OF FOSSIL MAMMAL ( Interatherium ). SANTA CRUZ BEDS, PATAGONIA. CAPTAIN MARSHALL FIELD PALEONTOLOGICAL EXPEDITION TO ARGENTINA, 1923. Two-fifths actual size. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 357 change of residence, or for other cause or from indisposition to serve longer in such capacity shall resign their place upon the Board, may be elected, by a majority of those present at any regular meeting of the Board, an Honorary Trustee for life. Such Honorary Trustee will receive notice of all meetings of the Board of Trustees, whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not have the right to vote. ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS Section i. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a Second Vice-President, a Third Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secre- tary and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President, the First Vice-President, the Second Vice-President, and the Third Vice-Presi- dent shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the third Monday of January of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting. Section 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their suc- cessors are elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting. Section 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE V. THE treasurer Section i. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corpor- aton except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents, or any member of the Finance Committee. Section 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the cor- poration shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect the income and principal of said securities as the same become due, and pay same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the joint order of the following officers, namely The President or one of the Vice-Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance Committee of the Museum. Section 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such sureties as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees. Section 4. The Harris Trust & Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Cus- todian of “The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum” fund. The bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice- Presidents, or any member of the Finance Committee. 358 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ARTICLE VI. THE DIRECTOR Section i. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum, who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have im- mediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations of the Institution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Committees. The Director shall be the official medium of communication be- tween the Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force. Section 2. There shall be four scientific departments of the Museum — Anthropology, Botany, Geology and Zoology; each under the charge of a Curator, subject to the authority of the Director. The Curators shall be ap- pointed by the Board upon the recommendation of the Director, and shall serve during the pleasure of the Board. Subordinate staff officers in the scientific departments shall be appointed and removed by the Director upon the recommendation of the Curators of the respective Departments. The Director shall have authority to employ and remove all other employees of the Museum. Section 3. The Director shall make report to the Board at each regular meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the previous month. At the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual Report, reviewing the work for the previous year, which Annual Report shall be published in pamphlet form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free distribution in such number as the Board may direct. ARTICLE VII. AUDITOR Section i. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his office during the pleasure of the Board. He shall keep proper books of account, set- ting forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, and of the Museum, and report thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other times as may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all bills rendered for the expenditure of the money of the Corporation. ARTICLE VIII. committees Section i. There shall be five Committees, as follows : Finance, Building, Auditing, Pension and Executive. Section 2. The Finance Committee shall consist of five members, the Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of three members, and the Building Committee shall consist of five members. All members of these four Committees shall be elected by ballot by the Board at the Annual Meeting, and shall hold office for one year, and until their successors are elected and quali- fied. In electing the members of these Committees, the Board shall designate the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the members are named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be Chair- man, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named, Second Vice- dhairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event of the absence or disability of the Chairman. Section 3. The Executive Committee shall consist of the President of the Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Building Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Committee, the Chairman of the Pension Committee, and three other members of the Board to be elected by ballot at the Annual Meeting. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 359 Section 4. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Com- mittee, and in all standing Committees two members shall constitute a quorum. In the event that, owing to the absence or inability of members, a quorum of the regularly elected members cannot be present at any meeting of any Com- mittee, then the Chairman thereof, or his successor, as herein provided, may summon any members of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the absentee. Section 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing the endowment and other permanent funds of the Corporation, and the care of such real estate as may become its property. It shall have authority to invest, sell, and reinvest funds, subject to the approval of the Board. Section 6. The Building Committee shall have supervision of the con- struction, reconstruction, and extension of any and all buildings used for Museum purposes. Section 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from time to time as the Chairman may consider necessary, or as he may be requested to do by three members of the Committee, to act upon such matters affecting the administration of the Museum as cannot await consideration at the Regular Monthly Meetings of the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginning of each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make recommendations as to the expenditures which should be made for routine maintenance and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the Board, the expenditures as stated are authorized. Section 8. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all ac- counting and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall cause the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert indi- vidual or firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm to the Board at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall have taken place. Section 9. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees. Section 10. The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and proceedings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board. Section ii. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees and Chairman of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Com- mittee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board. ARTICLE IX. NOMINATING COMMITTEE Section i. At the November meeting of the Board each year, a Nomi- nating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make nominations for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Commit- tee, the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and for three mem- bers of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted at the ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual Meeting in January. ARTICLE X. Section i. Whenever the word “Museum” is employed in the By-Laws of the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum 360 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books, and all appurtenances of the Institution and the workings, researches, installations, expenditures, field work, laboratories, library, publications, lecture courses, and all scientific and maintenance activities. Section 2. These By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting of the Board of Trustees by a two-thirds vote of all the members present, provided the amendment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 361 HONORARY MEMBERS AYER, EDWARD E. AYER, MRS. EDWARD E. BLACKSTONE, MRS. T. B. CHALMERS, WILLIAM J. CRANE, CHARLES R. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY GRAHAM, ERNEST R. HARRIS, ALBERT W. JONES, ARTHUR B. McCORMICK, STANLEY RYERSON, MARTIN A, SIMPSON, JAMES SPRAGUE, ALBERT A. ARMOUR, ALLISON V. BUTLER, EDWARD B. COLLINS, ALFRED M. PATRONS KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW KUNZ, GEORGE F. MARKHAM, CPIARLES H. CUMMINGS, MRS. ROBERT F. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON DAY, LEE GARNETT PROBST, EDWARD KELLEY, WILLIAM V. SARGENT, HOMER E. WHITE, LIOWARD J. ANDERSON, PEIRCE DECEASED I924 MANIERRE, GEORGE HUTCHINSON, CHARLES L. SMITH, WILLARD A. 362 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. CORPORATE MEMBERS ALDIS, OWEN F. ARMOUR, ALLISON V. AYER, EDWARD E. BLAIR, WATSON F. BORDEN, JOHN BUTLER, EDWARD B. BYRAM, HARRY E. CHALMERS, W. J. CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, H. C. COLLINS, ALFRED M. CRANE, JR., RICHARD T. CUMMINGS, MRS. ROBERT F. DAVIES, D. C. DAY, LEE GARNETT EASTMAN, SIDNEY C. ELLSWORTH, JAMES W. FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, STANLEY HARRIS, ALBERT W. JONES, ARTHUR B. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KELLEY, WILLIAM V. KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW KUNZ, GEORGE F. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. MARKHAM, CHARLES H. MITCHELL, JOHN J. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PORTER, GEORGE F. PROBST, EDWARD RYERSON, MARTIN A. SARGENT, HOMER E. SIMPSON, JAMES SMITH, SOLOMON A. SPRAGUE, ALBERT A. STONE, MELVILLE E. STRAWN, SILAS H. WHITE, HOWARD J. WILLIAM GAGE, LYMAN J. GRAHAM, ERNEST R. WRIGLEY, JR., DECEASED I924 ANDERSON, PEIRCE HUTCHINSON, CHARLES L. KOHLSAAT, HERMAN H. MANIERRE, GEORGE PECK, FERDINAND W. SMITH, WILLARD A. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 363 LIFE MEMBERS ABBOTT, ROBERT S. ALDIS, ARTHUR T. ALDIS, OWEN F. ALEXANDER, WILLIAM A. ALLERTON, ROBERT H. AMES, JAMES C. AMES, KNOWLTON L. ARMOUR, ALLISON V. ARMOUR, A. WATSON ARMOUR, J. OGDEN ARMOUR, LESTER AVERY, SEWELL L. AYER, EDWARD E. BABCOCK, FRED’K. R. BAKER, MISS ISABELLE BANCROFT, EDGAR A. BANKS, ALEXANDER F. BARRELL, FINLEY BARRETT, MRS. A. D. BARRETT, ROBERT L. BASSFORD, LOWELL C. BECKER, A. G. BILLINGS, C. K. G. BILLINGS, FRANK BLACKSTONE, MRS. T. B. BLAINE, MRS. EMMONS BLAIR, HENRY A. BLAIR, WATSON F. BLOCK, P. D. BOOTH, W. VERNON BORDEN, JOHN BORLAND, CHAUNCEY B. BREWSTER, WALTER S. BRIDGE, NORMAN BROWN, WILLIAM L. BUCHANAN, D. W. BUFFINGTON, EUGENE J. BURNHAM, JOHN BUTLER, EDWARD B. BYRAM, HARRY E. CARPENTER, A. A. CARPENTER, BENJ. CARR, ROBERT F. CARRY, EDWARD F. CARTON, L. A. CHALMERS, WILLIAM J. CLARK, EUGENE B. CLAY, JOHN CLOW, WILLIAM E. COBE, IRA M. CONOVER, H. BOARDMAN COPLEY, COL. IRA CLIFF (N.R.) CRAMER, CORWITH CRAMER, E. W. CRAMER, MRS. KATHARINE S. CRANE, CHARLES RICHARD CRANE, JR., RICHARD T. CROSSETT, EDWARD C. CROWELL, H. P. CUDAHY, JOSEPH M. CUMMINGS, D. MARK CUNNINGHAM, FRANK S. CUTTEN, ARTHUR W. DAU, J. J. DAWES, CHARLES G. DAY, ALBERT M. DECKER, ALFRED DEERING, CHARLES DEERING, JAMES DEFREES, JOSEPH H. DELANO, FREDERIC A. DICK, ALBERT BLAKE DIERSSEN, FERDINAND W. DONNELLEY, REUBEN H. DONNELLEY, THOMAS E. DOUGLAS, JAMLES H. DRAKE, JOHN B. DRAKE, TRACY C. ECKHART, B. A. EDMUNDS, PHILIP S. FAIR, ROBERT M. FARNUM, HENRY W. FARR, MISS SHIRLEY FARWELL, ARTHUR L. FARWELL, FRANCIS C FARWELL, JOHN V. 364 Field Museum of Natural History— Reports, Vol. VI. FARWELL, WALTER FAY, C. N. FELT, DORR E. FENTON, HOWARD W. FERGUSON, LOUIS A. FERNALD, GUSTAVUS S. FERRY, MRS. ABBY FARWELL FIELD, II, JOSEPH NASH FIELD, MARSHALL FIELD, MRS. SARA CARROLL FIELD, STANLEY FINLEY, WILLIAM H. FLEMING, JOHN C. FORGAN, DAVID R. FORSYTH, ROBERT FYFFE, COLIN C. H. GARTZ, A. F. GETZ, GEORGE F. GLESSNER, JOHN J. GODDARD, LEROY A. GOODMAN, WILLIAM O. GOODRICH, A. W. GRAHAM, ERNEST R. GRISCOM, CLEMENT A. HAM ILL, ERNEST A. HARRIS, ALBERT W. HASKELL, FREDERICK T. HASTINGS, SAMUEL M. HIBBARD, FRANK HILL, LOUIS W. HINDE, THOMAS W. HIPPACH, LOUIS A. HOPKINS, J. M. HOPKINS, L. J. HOROWITZ, L. J. HOYT, N. LANDON HUGHITT, MARVIN HULBURD, CHARLES H. INSULL, SAMUEL JELKE, JOHN F. JELKE, JR., JOHN F. JOHNSON, MRS. ELIZABETH AYER JONES, ARTHUR B. JONES, THOMAS D. KEEP, CHAUNCEY KELLER, THEODORE C. KELLEY, MRS. DAPHNE FIELD KELLEY, RUSSELL P. KELLEY, WILLIAM V. KING, CHARLES GARFIELD KING, FRANCIS KING, JAMES G. KIRK, WALTER RADCLIFFE KITTLE, C. M. KNICKERBOCKER, C. K. KUPPENHEIMER, LOUIS B. LAMONT, ROBERT P. LAWSON, VICTOR F. LANDON. MRS. JESSIE SPALDING (N.R.) LEHMANN, E. J. LEONARD, CLIFFORD M. LINN, W. R. LOGAN, SPENCER H. LORD, JOHN B. LOWDEN, FRANK O. LYTTON, HENRY C. MacDOWELL, CHARLES H. MacVEAGH, franklin MARK, CLAYTON MARKHAM, CHARLES H. MARSHALL, BENJAMIN H. MARTIN, WILLIAM P. MASON, WILLIAM S. McCORMICK, CYRUS H. McCORMICK, HAROLD F. McCORMICK, STANLEY McELWEE, ROBERT H. McINNERNEY, THOS. H. McKINLAY, JOHN McKINLOCK, GEORGE ALEXANDER McLaughlin, frederic McLaughlin, geo. d. Mclennan, d. r. McNULTY, T. J. McWilliams, lafayette MEYNE, GERHARDT F. MINER, W. H. MITCHELL, JOHN J. MOORE, EDWARD S. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 365 MORSE, JR, CHARLES H. MORTON, JOY MORTON, MARK MUNROE, CHARLES A. NEWELL, A. B. NIKOLAS, G. J. NOEL, JOSEPH R. O’BRIEN, JOHN J. ORR, ROBERT M. PALMER, HONORE PALMER, POTTER PAM, MAX PATTEN, HENRY J. PATTEN, MRS. JAMES A. PATTERSON, JOSEPH M. PAYNE, JOHN BARTON PAYSON, GEORGE S. PEABODY, AUGUSTUS S. PICK, ALBERT PIERCE, CHARLES I. PIEZ, CHARLES PIKE, CHARLES B. PIKE, EUGENE R. PORTER, FRANK WINSLOW PORTER, GEORGE F. PORTER, GILBERT E. PORTER, H. H. RAWSON, FREDERICK H. REA, MRS. ROBERT L. REVELL, ALEXANDER H. REYNOLDS, GEORGE M. ROBINSON, THEODORE W. ROBSON, MISS ALICE RODMAN, MRS. KATHERINE FIELD RODMAN, THOMAS CLIFFORD ROSENWALD, JULIUS RUNNELLS, CLIVE RUNNELLS, JOHN S. RUSSELL, EDMUND A. RUSSELL. EDWARD P. RYERSON, MRS. CARRIE H. RYERSON, EDWARD L. RYERSON, MARTIN A. SCHWEPPE, CHARLES H. SCOTT, FRANK H. SCOTT, GEORGE E. SCOTT, HAROLD N. SCOTT, JOHN W. SHAFFER, JOHN C. SHEDD, JOHN G. SIMPSON, JAMES SMITH, ALEXANDER SMITH, SOLOMON A. SOPER, JAMES P. SPAULDING, JR., MRS. HOWARD H. SPALDING, KEITH SPOOR, JOHN A. SPRAGUE, ALBERT A. STEVENS, CHARLES A. STEWART, ROBERT W. STIRTON, ROBERT C. STOREY, W. B. STOUT, FRANK D. STRAWN, SILAS H. STUART, ROBERT STURGES, GEORGE SUNNY, B. E. SWIFT, CHARLES H. SWIFT, EDWARD F. SWIFT, JR., G. F. SWIFT, HAROLD H. SWIFT, LOUIS F. THORNE, CHARLES H. THORNE, ROBERT J. TRINZ, JOSEPH UPHAM, FREDERIC W. VAN VECHTEN, RALPH VEATCH, GEORGE L. VILES, LAWRENCE M. WEBER, DAVID WELLING, JOHN P. WETMORE, FRANK O. WHEELER, CHARLES P. WHITE, F. EDSON WHITNEY, MRS. JULIA L. WICK WIRE, MRS. EDWARD L. 366 Field Museum of Natural History— Reports, Vol. VI. WILLARD, ALONZO J. WILLITS, WARD W. WILSON, JR., JOHN P. WILSON, OLIVER T. WILSON, THOMAS E WILSON, WALTER H. WINSTON, GARRARD B. WINTER, WALLACE C. WOOLLEY, CLARENCE M, WRIGLEY, JR., WILLIAM YATES, DAVID M. ALLEN, BENJAMIN BYLLESBY, H. M. FORGAN, JAMES B. DECEASED I924 GARY, JOHN W. HUTCHINSON, C. L. MANIERRE, GEORGE ASSOCIATE MEMBERS ABBOTT, W. RUFUS ABRAMS, DUFF A. ACOMB, JESSE P. ADCOCK, MRS. BESSIE ADDLEMAN, SAMUEL W. AHLSCHLAGER, WALTER W. ALSCHULER, ALFRED S. ALSIP, CHARLES H. ANDREWS, ALFRED B. ARMBRUSTER, CHARLES A. ARMOUR, PHILIP D. ARMOUR, MRS. P. D. ARMSTRONG, MRS. FRANK H. ASHER, LOUIS E. ATWATER, WALTER HULL AUSTIN, HENRY W. BABSON, HENRY B. BACON, JR, EDWARD R. BAIRD, HARRY K. BAIRD, WYLLYS W. BAKER, L. K. BARNES, CECIL BARNES, JAMES M. BARTHOLOMAY, HENRY BARTLETT, MISS FLORENCE D. BATEMAN, FLOYD L. BATTEY, PAUL L. BECKER, BENJAMIN F. BECKER, BENJAMIN V. BECKER, HERMAN T. BECKER, LOUIS BEIDLER, II, FRANCIS BEIL, CARL BELL, LIONEL A. BELL, ROBERT W. BENDER, CHARLES J. BENSINGER, BENJAMIN E. BIDWELL, CHAS. W. BIGLER, MRS. ALBERT J. BLACKMAN, NATHAN L. BLAIR, EDWARD T. BLAKE, TIFFANY BLATCHFORD, SR, N. H. BLOCK, EMANUEL J. BLOCK, L. E. BLOME, RUDOLPH S. BLUM, HARRY H. BOAL, AYRES BODMAN, MRS. LUTHER BOLTER, JOSEPH C. BOOMER, DR. PAUL BOOTH, ALFRED V. BORN, MOSES BOTH, WILLIAM C. BOWEN, MRS. LOUISE de KOVEN Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 367 BOYNTON, MRS. C. T. BOYNTON, FREDERICK P. BRASSERT, HERMAN A. BRENNAN, BERNARD G. BRIGHAM, MISS FLORENCE M. BROCK, A. J. BROSS, MRS. MASON BROWN, A. W. BROWN, CHARLES EDWARD BROOME, THORNHILL BRUCKNER, WILLIAM T. BUCK, NELSON LEROY BUDLONG, JOSEPH J. BUFFINGTON, MRS. MARGARET A. BULLOCK, CARL C. BURLEY, CLARENCE A. BURNHAM, MRS. E. BURT, W. G. BUSBY, LEONARD A. BUSHNELL, CHARLES E. BUTLER, PAUL BUTLER, RUSH C. BUZZELL, EDGAR A. CAPPS, DR. JOSEPH A. CARON, O. J. CARPENTER, FREDERIC IVES CARPENTER, HUBBARD CARR, GEORGE R. CARR, WALTER S. CARRY, JOSEPH C. CARTON, ALFRED T. CHAPIN, MRS. CHARLES A. CHAPIN, HENRY KENT CHAPIN, HOMER C. CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, WAYNE CHEEVER, MRS. ARLINE V. CHISHOLM, GEORGE D. CLARK, MISS DOROTHY S. CLARK, EDWIN H. CLOUGH, WILLIAM H. CLOW, JR., WILLIAM E. CODY, ARTHUR B. COHEN, GEORGE B. COLEMAN, ADELBERT E. COLEMAN, DR. GEORGE H. COLEMAN, WM. OGDEN COLIANNI, PAUL V. COLVIN, SR., MRS. W. H. COMBES, MRS. DORA F. CONNOR, FRANK H. COOK, MISS ALICE B. COOLIDGE, E. C PLANNING COONLEY, JOHN STUART COONLEY, PRENTISS L. COOPER, SAMUEL COX, JAMES A. COX, JAMES C. CUDAHY, JR, E. A. CUDAHY, EDWARD I. CUNNINGHAM JOHN T. CURTIS, AUGUSTUS D. DALHBERG, MRS. B. G. DAVIS, DR. CARL B. DAVIS, FRED M. DAVIS, JAMES DAVIS, J. C. DAVIS, III, DR. NATHAN DAY, MRS. MARK L. DEAHL, URIAH S. DENNEHY, THOMAS C. DENNIS, CHARLES H. DEUTSCH, JOSEPH DE VRIES, DAVID DE VRIES, PETER DIXON, GEORGE W. DIXON, WILLIAM WARREN DOBSON, GEORGE DOERING, OTTO C. DOLE, SR, ARTHUR DONAHUE, WILLIAM .J DONNELLEY, MRS. R. R. DONOHUE, EDGAR T. DOUD, MRS. LEVI B. DUDLEY, LAURENCE H. DULANY, JR, GEORGE W. DULSKY, MRS. SAMUEL DUNHAM, MISS LUCY BELLE DUNHAM, MISS M. V. DURAND, SCOTT S. EASTMAN, R. M. ECKSTEIN, H. G. ECKSTEIN, LOUIS EDDY, MRS. ARTHUR J 368 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. EDDY, THOMAS H. EDWARDS, MISS EDITH E. EGAN, WILLIAM B. EHRMAN, EDWIN H. EISENDRATH, W. N. ELCOCK, EDWARD G. ELLBOGEN, ALBERT L. ELLSWORTH, MRS. E. O. ELTING, PHILIP L. F. ENGWALL, JOHN F. ERICSSON, HENRY EUSTICE, ALFRED L. EVANS, HON. EVAN A. FABRY, HERMAN . FAHRNEY, E. C. FAFIRNEY, E. H. FARNHAM, MRS. HARRY J. FAY, MISS AGNES M. FELLOWS, WILLIAM K. FENTRESS, CALVIN FERGUSON, CHARLES W. FINN, JOSEPH M. FOLEY, REV. WILLIAM M. FOREMAN, JR., EDWIN G. FORGAN, ROBERT D. FOSTER, VOLNEY FREEDMAN, DR. I. VAL. FREER, ARCHIBALD E. FREUND, CHARLES E. FRIEDMAN, OSCAR J. FRY, HENRY T. FULLER, LEROY W. FURST EDUARD A. GABRIEL, CHARLES GALLAGHER, VINCENT G. GALLUP, ROCKWELL GALVIN, WILLIAM A. GARDNER, PAUL E. GARDNER, ROBERT A. GARNER, HARRY J. GARY, FRED ELBERT GATELY, RALPH M. GATZERT, AUGUST GETZOFF, E. B. GILBERT, MISS CLARA GILES, CARL C. GILLSON, LOUIS K. GLORE, CHARLES F. GOEDKE, CHAS. F. GOLDEN, DR. ISAAC J. K. GOLDENBERG, SIDNEY D. GOODMAN, MRS. HERBERT E. GOODMAN, MRS. KENNETH S. GOODROW, WILLIAM GOODSPEED, CHARLES B. GOSS, CHARLES O. GRADLE, DR. HARRY S. GRAF, ROBERT J. GRANGER, ALFRED GRIFFITH, ENOCH L. GUNTHORP, WALTER J. HAGGARD, JOHN D. HAIGHT, GEORGE I. HALDEMAN, WALTER S. HALE, MRS. SAMUEL HALE, WILLIAM B. HAMILL, ALFRED E. HAMLIN, PAUL D. HARDIN, JOHN H. HARDING, GEORGE F. HARDING, RICHARD T. HARDINGE, FRANKLIN HARPER, ALFRED C. HARTWELL, FRED G. HARVEY, RICHARD M. HASKELL, MRS. GEORGE E. HECHT, JR., FRANK A. HEINEMAN, OSCAR HELLER, ALBERT HELLER, EUGENE H. HELLYER, WALTER HELMER, FRANK A. HENRY, OTTO HERRICK, WALTER D. HERRON, JAMES C. HERWIG, GEORGE HERWIG, JR., WILLIAM D. HISTED, J. ROLAND HOLDEN, EDWARD A. HOLLIS, WILLIAM D. HOOVER, FRANK K. HOOVER, RAY P. HOPKINS, FARLEY HORAN, DENNIS A. 6g Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director HORCHER, WILL I Ail W. HOWARD, HAROLD A. HOWELL. WILLLA.il HUNTER, SAMUEL M. HURLEY, SR. EDWARD X. HUTCHINS, JAMES C HUTCHINSON. SAMUEL S. HYNES, REV. JAMES A. ICKES, RAYMOXD ILG, ROBERT A. JACKSOX, AY. J. JOHXSOX. ALVIX O. JONES, FRANCIS W. JOXES, MISS GAAETHALYX JOXES. G. HERBERT JOSEPH. LOUIS L. JOYCE, DAVID GAGE JOYCE. JOSEPH JUERGEXS, H. PAUL JUERGEXS, AAAI. F. KAHN, LOUIS KEEXEY, ALBERT F. KEITH. ST AXLE Y KLIXETOP, MRS. CHARLES AY. KOAA'ALEAA'SKI, BRUXO F. KROEHL. HOAA'ARD KROHMER, AATLLIAM F. LANE, AA* ALLACE R LAUREN. NEWTON B. LAURITZEX. C M. LAAYSOX. ARTHUR J. LEFENS, MISS KATHERINE J. LEGGE, ALEXANDER LEHMANN. MISS AUGUSTA E. LEVERONE, LOUIS E. LEAATS. DAATD R LIXGLE. BO AAAI AX C. LLOYD. AATLLIAM BROSS LOGAN. JOHN I. LONG. WILLIAM E. LUCEY, PATRICK J. LUEDER, ARTHUR C. LUFKIN, AYALLACE AY. LYDOX. MRS. AA'M. A. LYON, MRS. THOMAS R LYTTOX. GEORGE MAASS, J. EDAA'ARD MACKIXSOX, DR JOHN C. MacLEISH, JOHN E. MAGEE. HENRY AY. c 1 MAGAVTRE MRS MARY MAIN, WALTER D. MALONE, WILLIAM H. XDEL, EDAATX F. r MANX, JOHN P. MANSURE, EDMUND L. MARINER A \. F MARK ANSON ARKS, LOOS RIDE, MRS. WALTE T r \r - ■» r \ if • McCarthy, edmoxd j. McCarthy, Joseph w. McDOUGAU MRS. ROBER' McDOAAELL. DR WILLIAM McILYAIXE, AATLLIAM B. McLennan, mrs johx MEYER ABRAHAM MEYER E. F. MEYERCORD, G. R MILLARD. FRANK H _>j.i LLER DR U^-fcJr-fcL I G. WAJ mills, alle: MINER H. J. MODERAAELL, G M. MOELLER REAL HERMAN EL MOFFATT, MRS. ELIZ. M. MOHR DR ALBERT MOHR AA'M. J. MOLLOY, DAYID J. MONROE. AATLLIAM S. MOODY. MRS. AATLLIAM VAUGHN MOORE. PHILIP WYATT MOOS. JOSEPH B. 370 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. MORAND, SIMON J. MORGAN, ALDEN K. MORGAN, MRS. KENDRICK E. MORRISON, MRS. CHARLES E. MORTON, STERLING MOWRY, LOUIS C. MUDGE, JOHN B. MUELLER, A. M. MUELLER, PAUL H. MURPHY, ROBERT E. MURPHY, WALTER P. NASON, ALBERT J. NEELY, MISS CARRIE BLAIR NELSON, FRANK G. NELSON, NILS A. NICHOLS, GEORGE P. NOONAN, EDWARD J. NOVAK, CHARLES J. OBERFELDER, HERBERT M. OBERFELDER, WALTER S. O’BRIEN, FRANK J. OCHSNER, DR. A. J. O’DONNELL, SIMON OFFIELD, JAMES R. O’KEEFE, MRS. DENNIS D. OLIVER, FRED S. OLIVER, MRS. PAUL OPPENHEIMER, MRS. HARRY D. OPPENHEIMER, JULIUS O’ROURKE, ALBERT ORTMAYER, DR. MARIE OTIS, MISS EMILY H. OTIS, JOSEPH E. OTIS, JR, JOSEPH E. OTIS, RAYMOND OTIS, STUART H. PAASCHE, JENS A. PAEPCKE, MRS. ELIZABETH J. PAEPCKE, WALTER P. PARDRIDGE, ALBERT J. PARDRIDGE, MRS. E. W. PEABODY, MISS SUSAN W. PEACOCK, ROBERT E. PEACOCK, WALTER C. PEARSE, LANGDON PEART, WILLIAM PETERKIN, DANIEL PETERS, HARRY A. PETERSON, ALEXANDER B. PHEMISTER, DR. D. B. PLATT, HENRY RUSSELL POOL, MARVIN B. POOLE, GEORGE A. POPE, HERBERT POPPENHAGEN, HENRY POST, GORDON W. POST, MRS. PHILIP SIDNEY PRAHL, FREDERICK A. PUSEY, DR. WILLIAM ALLEN - QUINLAN, CHARLES SHEPARD RANDLE, HANSON F. RASMUSSEN, GEORGE REDINGTON, F. B. REGNERY, WILLIAM FI. REHM, FRANK A. RENWICK, EDWARD A. REYNOLDS, ARTHUR REYNOLDS, EARLE FI. RICE, GEO. L. RIDGWAY, WILLIAM RIGNEY, WILLIAM T. RIPLEY, ROBERT H. RITTENHOUSE, CHARLES J. ROBERTS, CLARK T. ROBERTSON, WILLIAM ROBINSON, SR, MRS. MILTON E. ROBSON, MISS SARAH C. ROEHLING, C. E. ROEHLING, MRS. OTTO G. ROGERS, JR, BERNARD F. ROGERS, DR. CASSIUS C. ROMER, MISS DAGMAR E. ROTH, AARON ROTHSCHILD, MELVILLE N. ROWE, EDGAR C. RUBOVITS, TOBY RUSSELL, DR. JOSEPH W. RYERSON, JR, ED. L. SARGENT, JOHN R. W. SAUTER, FRED J. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 37i SCHAFFNER, ROBERT C. SCHERMERHORN, W. I. SCHMUTZ, MRS. ANNA SCHOELLKOPF, HENRY SCHULZE, WILLIAM SCHUYLER, JR, MRS. D. j. SEAMAN, GEORGE M. SEAVER, A. E. SEIP, EMIL G. SEIPP, EDWIN A. SEIPP, WILLIAM C. SENCENBAUGH, MRS. G. W. SENG, FRANK J. SENG, J. T. SHAMBAUGH, DR. GEORGE E. SHAPIRO, MEYER SHARP, WILLIAM N. SHEEHY, EDWARD SHELTON, DR. W. EUGENE SHEPERD, MRS. EDITH P. SHERIDAN, ALBERT D. SHOUP, A. D. SILVERTHORNE, GEO. M. SIMONEK, DR. B. K. SMITH, DOUGLAS SMITH, FRANKLIN P. SMITH, JESSE E. SMULSKI, JOHN F. SNOW, EDGAR M. SONNENSCHEIN, EDWARD STEARNS, CHARLES B. STEFFEY, DAVID R. STEIN, BENJAMIN F. STEIN, L. MONTEFIORE STEIN, SAMUEL M. STERN, DAVID B. STEVENS, HAROLD L. STEWART, MISS EGLANTINE DAISY STEWART, MISS M. GRAEME STIRLING, MISS DOROTHY STRAUS, DAVID STRICKFADEN, MISS ALMA E. STROTZ, HAROLD C. STUART, R. DOUGLAS SULLIVAN, MRS. ROGER C. SULZBERGER, FRANK L. SUTCLIFFE, MRS. GARY SUTHERLAND, WM. SWAN, OSCAR H. SWANSON, JOSEPH E. TARRANT, ROBERT THOMAS, FRANK W. THOMPSON, DAVID P. THORNE, GEORGE A. THORNE, JAMES W. THORNTON, DR. FRANCIS E. TOBIAS, CLAYTON H. TRAINER, J. MILTON TRAYLOR, MELVIN A. TREDWELL, JOHN TRIPP, CHESTER D. TUTTLE, HENRY EMERSON TYLER, ALBERT S. TYLER, ORSON K. TYSON, RUSSELL UHLMANN, FRED VEEDER, MISS JESSIE VEHON, MORRIS VIERLING, LOUTS VOORHEES, CONDIT VOPICKA, CHARLES J. WAGNER, DR. G. W. WALLER, EDWARD C. WALLER, JR., JAMES B. WANNER, MRS. HENRY J. WARD, EDWARD J. E. WARE, MRS. LYMAN WARFIELD, EDWIN A. WARREN, J. LATHAM WATERMAN, DR. A. H. WEAVER, CHARLES A. WEBB, GEORGE D. WEBER, BERNARD F. WEBER, FRANK C. WEBSTER, ARTHUR L. WEISSENBACH, MRS. M. K. WELLS, THOMAS E. WENDELL, JR., BARRETT WHEALAN, EMMETT WIBORG, FRANK B. WILLEY, MRS. CHARLES B. WILLIAMS, MISS ANNA P. WILLIAMS, LUCIAN M. 372 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. WILSON, MRS. JOHN R. WILSON, MISS LILLIAN M. WOJTALEWICZ, REV. F. M. WOLF, HENRY M. WOODWARD, CHARLES H. WORCESTER, MRS. CHAS. H. WORK, ROBERT WRENN, MRS. EVERTS YONDORF, MILTON S. ZORK, DAVID DECEASED I924 WINDSOR, H. H. SUSTAINING MEMBERS ABBOTT, WILLIAM L. ADAMICK, GUSTAV H. ADAMS, WILLIAM C. ALDRICH, PAUL I. ALEXANDER, WALTER ALFORD, WILLIAM H. ALLING, MRS. VAN WAGENEN ALMES, DR. HERMAN E. AMIDON, ALFRED T. ANDERSON, MRS. MARY ANDREWS, DR. ALBERT H. ARMBRUST, JOHN T. ARTINGSTALL, JR., SAM G. ARVEY, JACOB M. AUGUST, CHARLES AYER, MRS. BENJAMIN F. AYER, FORREST L. AYRES, HARRY M. BACH, JULIUS H. BAKER, FRANCIS S. BARNETT, OTTO R. BARNHART, MISS G. M. F. BARRY, THOMAS F. BASS, JOHN F. BECKLEY, WALTER L. BEEBE, MARVIN H. BELL, WILLIAM W. BENJAMIN, JACK A. BEREND, GEORGE F. BERRYMAN, JOHN B. BERTSCHINGER, DR. C. F. BLAIR, SAMUEL BLAKE, WILLIAM J. BOEDEKER, GEORGE A. BOERICKE, MRS. ANNA BOLM, MRS. ADOLPH BONDY, BERTHOLD BOHN, MRS. BERTHA BOWLBY BORLAND, MRS. JOHN J. BRONS, WILLIAM S. BROWN, CHARLES A. BROWN, IRA A. BUDD, BRITTON I. BUEHLER, CARL BULLOCK, MRS. JAMES E. BUNN, BENJAMIN H. BURGWEGER, MRS. META DEWES BURNETT, MISS MARION S. BURTCH, ALMON BUSCH, ALBERT BUTLER, EDWARD D. BUTLER, JOHN M. BYFIELD, JOSEPH BYMEL, ARTHUR CAHN, BERTRAM J. CAMPBELL, DELWIN M. CANODE, CHAS. H. CAPERTON, HUGH A. CAPES, LAWRENCE R. CARBERY, NORMAN A. CARMODY, WILLIAM F. CARNEY, WILLIAM ROY CARR, MRS. CLYDE M. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. REPORTS, PLATE LXII. PEWTER JAR FOR TEA-LEAVES DECORATED WITH SCENES INLAID IN BRASS. CHINA, MING PERIOD (1368-1643). EDWARD E. AYER PEWTER COLLECTION. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 373 CARR, EDMUND S. CHADWICK, CHARLES H. CHANCELLOR, JUSTUS CHATTIN, WILLIAM CHESNEY, JOHN W. CLARK, DR. J. WENDELL CLOW, MRS. JAMES C. COMPTON, FRANK E. CONDIT, J. SIDNEY CONNELL, PHILLIP G. COOKE, MISS FLORA J. COOKE, GEORGE ANDERSON COOMBS, JAMES F. COVERDALE, JOHN W. COWLES, THOMAS H. CREEDON, MRS. CLARA W. CRILLY, EDGAR CROMWELL, GEORGE O. CUNLIFF, HAROLD S. CURTIS, KENNETH DANIELS, H. L. DARDEL, CARL O. DASHIELL, C. R. DAVID, DR. VERNON C. DAVIES, WARREN T. DEICHES, SIGMUND DENT, GEORGE C. DICKSON, JOHN A. DICKINSON, JR, J. M. DIXON, ALAN C. DOUGLASS, WILLIAM A. DUGAN, ALPHONSO G. DUNCAN, JOSEPH S. DUNCAN, ROBERT CLARK DUX, JOSEPH G. DYCHE, WILLIAM A. EDMONDS, HARRY C. EIGER, OSCAR S. EITEL, MAX ELLIOTT, FRANK R. EMERSON, GUY L. V. ENGLISH, JOHN J. ENNIS, CALLISTUS S. EVANS, MORGAN R. FADER, A. L. FARR, NEWTON CAMP FAULKNER, MISS ELIZABETH FERGUS, ROBERT C. FISHER, HON. HARRY M. FLESCH, EUGENE W. P. FLOING, WILFRED O. FOREST, GEORGE D. FREUND, I. H. FRISBIE, CHAUNCEY O. FULLER, BENJAMIN C. FULLER, JUDSON M. FULTON, FRANK D. FULTON, JAMES L. FURRY, WILLIAM S. GABRIEL, HARRY F. GALHOUSE, LEONARD GALL, CHARLES H. GALLIE, SR., DR. DONALD M. GALLISTEL, ALBERT J. GALVIN, JOSEPH X. GARDEN, HUGH GARDNER, SR., ADDISON L., GARDNER, JAMES P. GARIBALDI, GIUSEPPE GAW, GEORGE T. GAY, DR. ROBERT J. GIBBONS, JOHN W. GILBERT, CHARLES E. GILLMAN, MORRIS GILMER, JAMES C. GILMER, DR. THOMAS L. GINTHER, MISS MINNIE C. GLASER, EDWARD L. GLASNER, RUDOLPH W. GLENDON, GEORGE L. GOODWIN, GEORGE S. GORMAN, GEORGE E. GOSHERT, J. FRED GOTTFRIED, CARL M. GRANT, E. RAY GRANT, FRANCIS B. GRANT, JOHN G. GRAVER, JAMES P. GRAVES, HOWARD B. GRAY, REV. JAMES N. GRAY, JOHN D. GREEN, SAMUEL GREENEBAUM, JAMES E. GREENLEE, JAMES A. GREENSFELDER, DR. LOUIS A. GROTENHUIS, MRS. WILLIAM J. 374 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. YI. HAAS, DR. RAOUL R. HAGEN, FRED J. HAJICEK, RUDOLPH F. HALL, WILLIAM L. HAMILTON, THOS. B. HAMM, EDWARD F. HAMMITT, MISS FRANCES M. HANSON, JAMES L. HARDIE, GEORGE F. HARRINGTON, BURTON HATMAKER, CHARLES F. HATTSTAEDT, WILLIAM O. J. HAUGAN, OSCAR H. HEDBERG, HENRY E. HEERMANS, THADDEUS W. HEIDKE, H. L. HEINE, MRS. ALBERT HENDERSON, DR. ELMER E. HENDERSON, THOMAS B. G. HENDRICKSON, MAGNUS HENEAGE, THOMAS H. HENKEL, FREDERICK W. HENNING, DR. ALBERT F. HENRI, WILLIAM B. HESS, JOHN L. HEWITT, MRS. CHARLES M. HILL, MRS. LYSANDER HIMROD, MRS. FRANK W. HINSBERG, STANLEY K. HOGAN, G. FRANK HOLLINGSHEAD, L. CARROLL HOLMES, WILLIAM N. HORNER, DR. DAVID A. HORNUNG, JOHN C. HORSTMAN, EDWARD F. HOSBEIN, LOUIS H. HOSMER, PHILIP B. HOTTINGER, ADOLPH HUGHES, JOHN W. HUNCKE, O. W. HURLEY, FRANK J. JONES, J. FIARRY JONES, W. CLYDE JOHNSTONE, DR. A. RALPH KELLER, DANIEL F. KRUTCKOFF, CHARLES LA FORGE, DR. ALVIN W. LANSKI, JACOB LATHROP, GARDINER LAWTON, FRANK W. LINDQUIST, J. E. LOEB, LEO A. MacRAE, THADDEUS B. MAGILL, ROBERT M. MARTIN, SAMUEL H. MAYER, OSCAR A. McAULEY, JOHN E. McCAUGHEY, FRANK J. McCracken, miss willietta McConnell, g. malcolm McCORMACK, PROF. HARRY McDIVITT, HERBERT J. McIVER, DANA T. McNEAL, MISS HELEN F. MEERHOFF, DR. CHARLES E. MEYER, JOSEPH S. MILHENING, JOSEPH MILLER, JOHN J. MILLER, JR., JOHN S. MILLER, RICHARD O. MITCHELL, JR., MRS. JOHN J. MITCHELL, WILLIAM H. MOHR, MISS HARRIET MOREY, CHARLES W. MORSE, MRS. CHARLES J. MOUAT, ANDREW MURPHY, J. H. MUNROE, MRS. DONALD G. NADLER, DR. WALTER H. NATHAN, CLAUDE NELSON, CHARLES G. NEUFFER, PAUL A. NICHOLS, S. F. OPPENHEIMER, ALFRED OVERTON, GEORGE W. PARKER, RALPH W. PARKER, WOODRUFF J. PECK, MRS. CHARLES G. PETERSON, AXEL A. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 375 PIERCE, J. NORMAN PIOTROWSKI, NICHOLAS L. PITCHER, MRS. HENRY L. PLUNKETT, WILLIAM H. PORTER, JAMES F. POST, JR., FREDERICK POTTER, EDGAR A. PRESS, JACOB H. PROTHERO, DR. JAMES H. PRUSSING, MRS. GEORGE C. PURCELL, J. D. PUTNAM, MISS MABEL C. RANDALL, IRVING REA, DR. ALBERTINE L. REDINGTON, MRS. W. H. REEVE, FREDERICK E. REGEN STEINER, THEODORE RENSHAW, CHARLES C. RICKCORDS, FRANCIS RIES, DR. EMIL RITTER, MISS PAULA J. RIVKIN, MRS. E. A. ROACH, CHARLES H. ROBERTS, JOHN M. RUTHERFORD, JOHN J. SAWYER, DR. ALVAH L. SCHLITT, HERMAN J. SCHEUNEMANN, ROBT. G. SCHULENBURG, MRS. ADELAIDE SCHULZE, MRS. MATHILDE SILLS, CLARENCE W. SIMONDS, DR. JAMES P. SINCERE, CHARLES SLADER, THOMAS SMITH, CLAYTON F. SONNEVELD, JACOB SPALDING, MRS. CHARLES F. SPROGLE, MRS. HOWARD O. STEVENS, EDWARD J. STEVENS, EUGENE M. SWARTCHILD, EDWARD G. TAYLOR, CHARLES CORTLAND THORP, HARRY W. TILT, CHARLES A. TIMROTH, CHARLES E. TURNER, DR. B. S. TUTTLE, F. B. ULRICH, PERRY VAN DEVENTER, CHRIST. VAN SCHAICK, GERARD WALLERICH, G. W. WATSON, SR., OLIVER L. WEARY, ALLEN M. WEBSTER, DR. RALPH W. WEISSKOPF, MAURICE J. WEISSKOPF, DR. MAX A. WELLS, HARRY L. WESTRICH, MISS THERESA C. WILDER, JOHN E. WILLIAMS, J. M. WILLIS, THOMAS H. WINDSOR, JR., H. H. WINTERBOTHAM, JOHN H. WOLF, MRS. ALBERT H. WOLF, WALTER B. WOOD, JOHN G. YONKERS, EDWARD H. YOSHIDA, TANICHIRO ZERLER, CHARLES F. ZIELINSKI, THEODORE J. DECEASED I924 BOTSCHEN, SR., ARTHUR JOHNSON, WILLIAM H. 376 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. ANNUAL MEMBERS AARON, ELY M. ABBOTT, EDWIN H. ABBOTT, GUY H. ABERMAN, HARRY S. ABT, HUGO A. F. ACKERMAN, CHARLES N. ADAMS, ALBERT S. ADAMS, CHARLES B. ADLER, DR. HERMAN M. AFFLECK, BENJAMIN F. AHNFELT, JOHN ALDEN, W. T. ALEXANDER, WM. ALSCHULER, HON. SAMUEL AMES, ARTHUR R. AMES, EDWARD E. ANDREWS, DR. BENJAMIN F. ANTONOW, SAMUEL L. ARNEY, AURA J. ARNOLD, FRANCES M. ASCHER, NATHAN ASHCRAFT, R. M. AURELIUS, MRS. S. J. AYERS, BURLEY B. BACON, DR. CHARLES S. BAER, MRS. MERWIN K. BAGGE, CHRISTIAN U. BAILEY, EDWARD P. * BAKER, ARTHUR R. BAKER, CHARLES J. BALLARD, MRS. E. S. BANGS, WILLIAM D. BARKER, MRS. FRANK W. BARTHOLOMAE, MRS. EMMA BARTHOLOMAY, JR., WILLIAM BASS, MRS. PERKINS BEACH, E. CHANDLER BEATON, JR., MATTHEW BEATTY, CLARENCE J. BECK, DR. E. G. BECK, H. FREDERIC BELDEN, JOSEPH C. BELLOWS, MRS. L. E. H. BENNETT, E. H. BENSLER, ERNEST BENSON, JOHN BENT, CHARLES M. BETTMAN, DR. RALPH BIDWELL, JOSEPH E. BLACK, HERMAN BLACK, W. J. BLISS, CHARLES F. BLITZSTEN, HARRY BLODGETT, EDGAR E. BLOMGREN, DR. WALTER L. BOLLENS, WALTER BOLTEN, PAUL H. BONK, JOSEPH P. BOORN, WILLIAM C. BORN, EDGAR A. BOTTS, GRAEME G. BOYD, MRS. WILLIAM J. BRAND, JR., EDWIN L. BREEN, JAMES W. BRENZA, MISS MARY BREWERTON, WILLIAM A. BRIGGS, MRS. ARTHUR A. BRODRIBB, LAWRENCE C. BRODSKY, JACOB J. BROOME, JOHN SPOOR BROWER, JULE F. BROWN, A. WILDER BROWN, CHARLES D. BROWN, CHARLES E. BROWN, J. RICE BROWN, STEWART R. BROWN, WALTER B. BROWN, W. GRAY BRUNDAGE, AVERY BUHMANN, GILBERT G. BURICHARDT, CHAS. E. BURMEISTER, EDWIN C. BURNHAM, DANIEL H. BURNHAM, HUBERT BURNS, JOHN J. BUSH, DAVID D. BUTTON, W. RUSSELL BUTZ, ROBERT T. BUTZ, THEO. C. BYRNE, THOMAS H. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 377 CALDWELL, DR. CHARLES P. CALDWELL, LOUIS G. CALLNER, JOSEPH M. CAMERON, JOHN M. CAMP, CURTIS B. CAMPHAUSEN, FRED’K H. CAREY, FRANK L. CARPENTER, JOHN A. CARRUTHERS, ARTHUR S. CASE, JR., CHARLES C. CASTENHOLZ, W. B. CHAMBLESS, E. F. CHANDLER, CHARLES H. CHAPMAN, ARTHUR E. CHAPMAN, DR. EDWARD D. CHASE, SAMUEL T. CHRISTIE, DR. ROY E. CHRITTON, GEORGE A. CHURAN, CHAS. A. CHURCHILL, RICHARD S. CLARK, CHARLES CLARKE, BROADUS J. CLAUSSEN, EDMUND J. CLEVELAND, PAUL W. CLONEY, T. W. COBURN, ALONZO J. COHEN, LEOPOLD COLLINS, ARTHUR W. COLLINS, WILLIAM M. CONNOR, DR. CHARLES H. COOK, MISS EDITH S. COOKE, JR., MRS. DAVID S. CORDELL, ARTHUR N. CORSANT, MRS. CHARLES K. COULTER, PROF. J. M. COWING, JOHN P. COWLEY, FREDERICK CREED, DANIEL A. CREGO, FRANK A. CROSBY, MRS. FREDERICK W. GUMMING, MISS EFFA H. CUMMINGS, JR., THOMAS A. CUNNINGHAM, THOMAS A. CURRAN, JR., O. P. CURRAN, PETER A. CURTIS, CHARLES E. CURTIS, MISS FRANCES H. DALLAS, CHARLES D. DANKOWSKI, I. F. DARROW, CLARENCE S. DAUGHADAY, HAMILTON DAVIES, WILLIAM B. DAVIS, CHARLES H. DAVIS, ROSS W. DAY, MRS. LEWIS J. DEGEN, DAVID DE LEE, DR. JOSEPH B. DICK, JR., ALBERT B. DICKINSON, PHIL S. DILKES, HOWARD B. DUCKGEISCHEL, HENRY J. DUNER, JOSEPH A. DUNLAP, GEORGE G. DUNNING, N. MAX DYER, JR., GEORGE T. EISENDRATH, ROBERT ELLBOGEN, MRS. MAX ELLINGSON, GIRARD A. EMIG, HOWARD A. ENGLAND, EDWARD L. ENGELHARD, BENJAMIN M. ERD, ARTHUR A. ERICKSON, ELMER ESTES, CLARENCE E. EUSTIS, PERCY S. EVANS, DR. JOS. K. FALKER, MILTON E. FANI, REV. CHARLES FANNING, CHARLES G. FARNSWORTH, GEORGE J. FERRIS, LESLIE C. FETZER, JUDGE WM. R. FETZER, WADE FIELD, HENRY FINK, GEORGE H. FORGAN, JR., JAMES B. FORTUNE, JOHN L. FOSTER, CHAUNCEY C. FOSTER, STEPHEN A. FOWLER, GORDON F. FRANK, HENRY L. FRANKENSTEIN, RUDOLPH 378 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. FRIDSTEIN, MEYER FRIEDER, EDWARD N. FRIEDMAN, MRS. I. K. FURSE, DAVID S. GABEL, WALTER H. GABER, BENJAMIN GABRIEL, FRANK J. GADDIS, CYRUS J. GAITHER, OTHO S. GALE, ABRAM GALL, HARRY T. GALL, JAMES N. GALLANIS, JOHN A. GARBERS, CHRIST H. GARDNER, JR., ADDISON L. GARDNER, DR. EDGAR W. GARRISON, DR. LESTER E. GARRITY, EDMUND C. GARY, SIMON P. GASKILL, CHARLES H. GATES, ERRETT GEDDES, WILLIAM H. GERAGHTY, GERALD G. GERINGER, CHARLES M. GERTZ, RUDOLPH V. GIESSEL, HENRY GILES, MISS A. H. GILL, ADOLPH GILL, WALLACE GILLEN, CHRISTIAN J. GILLEN, JOSEPH F. GILLESPIE, ROBERT H. GILLILAND, FRANK GINSBURG, MRS. I. S. GINSBURG, SAMUEL GLADER, FRANK J. GLASSER, EDWARD GLASER, MORRIS R. GOLDFINE, DR. ASCHER H. C. GOLDSMITH, MOSES GOODNOW, E. H. GOODRICH, MRS. MARY A. GORDON, MRS. FRANK T. GORMLEY, WILLIAM J. GOSLEE, DR. HART J. GOSNEY, MARVIN L. GOSSELIN, FRANK X. GOTTLICH, OSCAR GOULD, GEORGE W. GOULD, MARC D. GRABER, HYMAN M. GRACE, PAUL GRADY, MRS. DAVID E. GRAFF, OSCAR C. GRAHAM, HARRY D. GRAMM, DR. CARL T. GRAVER, PHILIP S. GRAVES, ERNEST H. GRAY, ARTHUR L. GRAYDON, CHARLES E. GREEN, JOHN H. GREEN, ROBERT D. GREENE, BENJAMIN GREER, MRS. ERWIN GREGG, THOMAS A. GREGOR, PETER A. GREGORY, CHARLES E. GREGORY, CLIFFORD V. GREY, CHARLES F. GRIFFIN, BENNETT GRIFFIN, REED A. GRIGNON, GEORGE F. GRIMBLOT, SAMUEL A. GRIMM, WALTER H. GROAK, IRWIN D. GROEBE, LOUIS G. GROENWALD, FLORIAN A. GROMMES, JOHN B. GROOME, RICHARD L. GROSBERG, CHARLES GROSS, ERNEST W. GROSS, DR. HENRY R. GROSS, MISS MIRIAM GUNN, WALTER C. HACHTEL, FRED C. HALL, ARTHUR B. HALL, CHARLES R. HALL, EDWARD B. HAMILTON, HUGO A. HAMMOND, HENRY W. HANLEY, MRS. H. L. HARDING, S. LAWRENCE HARGRAFT, STUART A. HARKNESS, LAUNCELOT A. HARLEV, ARTHUR G. HARMON, HUBERT R. HARMON, JOHN H. HARNER, GEORGE W. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 379 HARRIMAN, FRANK B. HARRIMAN, MRS. KARL E. HARRINGTON, GAY R. HARRINGTON, JAMES H. HARRIS, DAVID J. HARRIS, EWART HARRIS, FRANK F. HARRIS, GORDON L. HARRIS, J. MAX HARRIS, WALLACE HARRIS, WILLIAM L. HARRIS, WILLIAM P. HARRISON, HARRY P. HARRISON, JAMES D. HARRISON, MARTIN L. HARRISON, THOMAS F. HARROLD, JAMES P. HART, ALVIN C. HART, GILBERT HART, HARRY HART, MRS. HELENA HART, HENRY D. HART, JAMES M. HART, LOUIS E. HART, THOMAS W. HART, WILLIAM N. HARTIGAN, CLAIRE HARTMANN, SR., HENRY HARTWICK, JESSE A. HARTWIG, OTTO J. HARWOOD, FREDERICK HARWOOD, THOMAS W. HASSETT, FRANK L. HASTERLIK, VICTOR C. HASTINGS, EDMUND A. HASTINGS, LOUIS M. HATCH, F. M. HAUSER, J. C. HAUSSE, RICHARD H. HAUGHY, JAMES M. HAUSMANN, FRANK W. HAVRANAK, ALBERT HAWKINS, FRANK P. HAWKINS, L. S. HAWKINS, THEODORE HAWLEY, ALBERT P. HAWTHORNE, VAUGHN R. HAYES, CHARLES A. HEALY, JOHN J. HEATH, MRS. MAY C. HEATON, HARRY E. HEBEL, HON. OSCAR HECHLER, VALENTINE HECK, JOHN HECKAMAN, SAMUEL D. HECKENDORF, R. A. HECKINGER, WM. J. HECKMANN, PHILIP W. HECTOR, WILLIAM S. HEDBERG, REV. VICTOR E. HEDGES, FLEMING D. HEDGES, DR. ROBT. N. HEDIG,ER, ADOLPH M. HEDMARK, JOHN HEDRICK, TUBMAN K. HEEREMA, GERRIT HEFFERN, WILLIAM H. HEFFERNAN, THOMAS F. HEFTER, MRS. ETHEL HEG, SR., ERNEST HEICK, HARRY E. HEIDBRINK, GEORGE F. HEIDEL, CARL HEIDEL, DR. CECIL T. HEIDKE, OTTO G. HEIDLER, FRANK J. HEIFETZ, SAMUEL HEILMAN, ADOLPH HEIN, GEORGE HEIN, SYLVESTER J. HEINEKE, CARL HEINEKAMP, MISS LILLIAN HEINEMANN, EARL HEINEMANN, GEORGE G. HEINEMANN, JOHN B. HEINFELDEN, CURT H. G. HEINZ, L. HERMAN HEISE, WILLIAM F. HELLER, BRUNO F. HELLER, DR. CHARLES HEMPSTEAD, JOSEPH L. HEMPSTED, JAMES G. HEMWALL, JOHN HENNEBERGER, JACOB G. HENNESSEY, WILLIAM S. HENRICKSON, OLOF B. HENRY, CHARLES W. HENRY, CLAUDE D. HENRY, C. DUFF HENRY, HUNTINGTON B. 380 Field Museum of Natural History— Reports, Vol. VI. HENSCHIEN, H. PETER HENSEL, HERMAN E. HEPBURN, DAVID D. HERMANN, WILLIAM C. HERSHEY, J. CLARENCE HERTEL, HUGO S. HERTHEL, E. C. HERTZBERG, EDWARD HERZMAN, DR. MORRIS H. HESS, ARMIN E. HESS, EDWARD J. HESS, GEORGE F. HESS, JULIUS HESS, SOL H. HESSERT, GUSTAV HESSERT, DR. WM. HETMAN, WENCEAL F. HEUMOS, ALOIS HEWICKER, WILHELM HEWITT, OSCAR E. HIBBARD, FREDERICK C. HILDEBRAND, EUGENE HILLIS, DR. DAVID HILLYER, DWIGHT E. HILTON, HENRY H. HIMAN, CHARLES HIMMELSBACH, JOHN W. HINCKLEY, WILLIAM O. HINDMAN, ARTHUR S. HINDS, JOSEPH B. HINES, JOHN W. HINNERS, WILLIAM A. HIRD, FREDERIC H. HIRSCH, HENRY H. H IRS CPI, JACKSON H. HIRSCH, MRS. MATILDA HISCOX, MORTON HITCHCOCK, R. M. HITE, HARRY A. HOCKADAY, MRS. B. B. HOCKERT, ERNEST L. HODGE, ALFRED R. HODGE, THOMAS P. HODGES, LOUIS A. HODGDON, WILLIAM HODSON, WILLIAM HOEFER, ERNEST HOELSCHER, HERMAN M. HOFFMAN, EDWARD W. HOFFMAN, JACOB HOFFMAN, MISS KATHARINE HOGG, HARRY H. PIOJKA, ANTHONY J. HOLABIRD, JOHN A. PIOLDEN, C. R. HOLLAND, DR. WILLIAM E. HOLLINGSWORTH, GEORGE K. HOLLMEYER, JOHN G. HOLLOWAY, OWEN B. HOLLOWELL, R. D. T. HOLM, GOTTFRIED HOLMAN, ALFRED L. HOLMAN, EDWARD HONNOLD, FRED C. HONOROFF, DR. HENRY A. HOODWIN, ROBERT HOOGE, DR. LUDWIG F. HOOPER, JR., HENRY HOOT, MISS EMILY M. HOPKINS, WALTER D. HORN, ALBIN O. HORN, DR. ALBERT T. HORNER, HON. HENRY HORNKOHL, A. C. HORSFALL, OLIN L. HORST, CURT A. HORSTING, WILLIAM F. HOSELY, MATT E. HOSFORD, WILLIAM R. HOTTEL, WILLIAM S. HOUGHTELING, MISS H. P. HOUK, WILLIAM D. HOWE, MRS. FANNY J. HURD, HARRY B. HURLEY, JR, EDWARD N. HURLEY, R. J. IGLEWSKI, JOHN IMBER, MISS STELLA INGRAM, HAROLD S. INGRAM, MISS LOTTIE INLANDER, SAMUEL IRISH, DR. H. E. IRWIN, A. C. ISMOND, THOMAS A. IVENER, JOHN IVERSON, RALPH H. Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 381 JAMES, RAYMOND H. JAMES, DR. T. FRANKLIN JAMES, WILLIAM A. JENKINS, GEORGE H. JOHNSON, NELS J. JOHNSTON, BERNARD F. JOHNSTONE, GEORGE A. JONES, CHARLES J. JONES, J. S. JONES, DR. MARGARET M. KAHMANN, KARL W. KAHN, JOSEPH KAHN, MARCUS KANN, MAX KANNALLY, M. V. KAPSA, LADISLAV A. KARAMANOS, DR. ANGELOS K. KATZ, JACOB KELLOGG, JAMES G. KOTIN, GEORGE N. KOZICZYNSKI, DR. LUCIAN KUH, DR. SIDNEY LAMB, FRANK H. LANSDON, CHARLES H. LANSINGER, MRS. JOHN M. LA PIANA, VICTOR LA PIERRE, DR. FELIX J. LARSON, FRANK A. LASSAGNE, VICTOR F. LAWRENCE, B. E. LEVAN, REV. THOMAS F. LEVEY, C. J. LEVY, HARRY H. LINCOLN, ROBERT T. LINDHEIMER, JACOB LINDHEIMER, S. W. LIVINGSTON, MILTON L. LOGAN, F. G. LOVE, CHASE W. LUND, HJALMAR C. R. LUTTER, ALFRED W. LUTZOW, FRED H. LYNCH, BENJAMIN L. LYNDE, CORNELIUS MacRAE, ALBERT MAGILL, HENRY P. MANNING, MISS EMMA MANSON, WILLIAM MARRIOTT, ABRAHAM R. MARSH, EVERETT C. MARSHALL, RAPHAEL H. MARTIN, Z. E. MASSMANN, FRED H. MATLIS, L. MATTHEWS, FRANCIS E. MAYNARD, MRS. ADA E. McAllister, m. hall McArthur, dr. lewis l. McCarthy, rev. father GEO. T. McConnell, john l. McCORD, DOWNER McCREA, w. s. McGARRY, JOHN A. McGOORTY, HON. J. P. McMillan, david e. McMillan, Walter j. McNERNY, MATHEW F. MEAD, HENRY C. A. MEDSKER, DR. ORA L. MEEKER, ARTHUR MILLER, MRS. CHARLES P. MOENG, EDWARD D. MONTGOMERY, MRS. FRANK HUGH MONTGOMERY, FREDERICK D. MOORE, N. G. MORRIS, EUGENE C. MULLIKEN, A. H. NASH, PATRICK A. NICHOLS, EDWIN G. NICHOLS, WARREN NONNENBRUCH, MAX NORCROSS, FREDERIC F. PALMER, PROF. CLAUDE IRWIN PALMER, PERCIVAL B. PARKER, GEORGE S. PAULDING, JOHN PAULEY, CLARENCE O. PAULING, EDWARD G. PEACOCK, CHARLES A. PERLSTEIN, BENJAMIN 382 Field Museum of Natural History — Reports, Vol. VI. PICKARD, MRS. W. A. PICKELL, J. RALPH PICKRELL, HARVEY PINCOFFS, MAURICE POLAKOFF, MICHAEL R. POWELL, MISS NELLIE PRICE, MRS. JEAN C. PROTHEROE, DANIEL PRUYN, JR., WILLIAM HENRY RAFF, SR., WILLIAM J. RANDALL, REV. EDWIN J. RANSON, J. OTIS RAPAPORT, MORRIS W. REED, MRS. MARY L. REED, RUFUS M. RENICH, WILLIAM E. RICHARDS, H. A. RICHARDS, MARCUS RIDDLE, HERBERT H. RIGALI, JOHN E. RIPLEY, MRS. E. P. RITTENHOUSE, MRS. MOSES F. ROBERTS, JESSE E. RODEN, CARL B. ROLFES, GERALD A. ROSENFELD, MRS. MAURICE ROSENFELD, M. J. ROSENTHAL, JAMES RUDOLPH, MISS BERTHA RUSSELL, MILDRED A. RYAN, JOHN M. RYAN, THOMAS C. RYERSON, EDWIN D. SAMPSON, H. J. SAUTER, LEONARD J. SCHMIDT, DR. O. L. SCHNERING, JULIUS SCHNERING, OTTO Y. SCHWARTZ, G. A. SCHWEIZER, ALBERT H. SCOTT, DR. JAMES McDonald SCUDDER, J. ARNOLD SEABURY, CHARLES W. SEIP, FRED SENEAR, DR. F. E. SHERMAN, MRS. FRANCIS C. SHOCKEY, MRS. WILLIS G. SHORTALL, JOHN L. SIMMONS, PARKE E. SIMPSON, DR. ELMER E. SKINNER, MISS FREDERIKA SMITH, DR. EDWIN M. SMITH, GILBERT M. SMITH, JENS SMITH, MISS MARY ROZET SNEDICOR, MARSHALL D. SOPER, HENRY M. STEARNS, FRED STERN, FELIX STERNBERG, MORRIS STOCKTON, MISS JOSEPHINE STODDART, CHARLES H. SWIFT, ALDEN B. TEICH, MAX L. TENNEY, HORACE KENT THROOP, GEORGE ENOS TIDD, FRED L. TIEKEN, DR. THEODORE TIPPETT, W. M. TOWLER, KENNETH F. TRENCH, MRS. DANIEL G. TUFTS, PROF. JAS. H. TURNER, ALFRED M. TUTHILL, RICHARD S. TUTTLE, CHARLES S. TUTTLE, W. F. VAN DELLEN, DR. ROBT. L. VOEGELI, MRS. JOHN J. VOLTZ, DANIEL W. VON KLEINWACHTER, DR. LUDWIG WACKER, CPIARLES H. WAITE, MISS MURIEL W. WALKER, BERTRAND WALKER, JAMES R. WALLER, MISS KATHERINE WARREN, W. G. WECKER, WALTER A. WEGG, DONALD R. WEISS, SAMUEL H. WENTWORTH, JOHN WHEELER, LESLIE WHEELER, SEYMOUR Jan., 1925 Annual Report of the Director 383 WHINERY, CHARLES C. WHITE, CHARLES B. WHITEHEAD, W. M. WHITLOCK, MRS. ELIZABETH C. WILD, RICHARD WILLIAMS, GAAR WILSON, MRS. E. CRANE WILSON, M. H. WITKOWSKY, MISS ESTHER WOLFF, CHRIS J. WOLFF, GEORGE F. WORTHY, MRS. S. W. WRIGHT, DR. JAMES A. YOUNG, GEORGE H. ZENOS, REV. ANDREW C. ZEUCH, DR. LUCIUS P. ZIMMERMANN, HERBERT P. ZINDER, BENJAMIN L. ARMOUR, GEORGE A. COMSTOCK, WILLIAM C. FOIN, CHIN F. GREENLEAF, GARDNER HARTER, GUSTAV A. DECEASED I923 HEDMAN, CARL M. HEERWAGEN, DR. OSCAR W. HOCH, JAMES J. HOLT, GEORGE H. SPENCE, MRS. ELIZABETH E. WOLTERSDORF, ERNEST / i 1