Gay, i 0 esa aad ve { pit Yat ) ] aris ane it ah ih ! Bohne Fly HS a ANG MR J Ne, My, ‘ ihe , Apel t ty) pat } ' 5 hh) Wh be, A) yh! ; eae Eh Sila ERG ey, riety We tHe it Hi } Ly ea ue HH iv jE ded peer = Aoi Se rH 1 Se eat PLN PE Fates Uy ei 16 ¥ Piet ul Ao gts B fi Vey Malan Si, 4 te a ie” ; ; a) a : He ie of artery SSeS ss j 4 : 7 4) ONVAVIS TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NEW YORK LOOLOGICAL SOCIETY CHARTERED IN 1895 OBJECTS OF THE SOCIETY A PUBLIC ZOOLOGICAL PARK THE PRESERVATION OF OUR NATIVE ANIMALS THE PROMOTION OF ZOOLOGY LORG NEW YORK OFFICE OF THE SOCIETY, 111 BROADWAY JANUARY, 1917 COPYRIGHT 1917, BY THE NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 655587 2 eee ee Se Clark & Fritts PRINTERS 229 WEST 28TH STREET NEW YORK CONTENTS BOARD OF MANAGERS OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY . c OFFICERS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL PARK AND AQUARIUM . MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY . SUMMARY OF MEMBERSHIP REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OBITUARY—JAMES J. HILL, H. C. DE RHAM : : REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR . : : W. T. Hornaday TROPICAL RESEARCH STATION . : . William Beebe REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR: AQUARIUM, Charles H. Townsend REPORT OF THE PROSECTOR TREASURER’S REPORT: Income Account Maintenance Fund > Ground Improvement Fund Ground Improvement Fund Account Animal Fund . Stokes’ Bird Fund . Heads and Horns Fund Library Fund . 3 Aquarium Maintenance Fund Endowment Fund Endowment Fund Income econ Cadwalader Animal Fund . Wild Life Fund . : Improvement and Repair Account Carnegie Pension Fund ; Pension Fund Income Account . Tropical Research Fund Art Gallery Fund Publication Fund ; Heads and Horns Palins Fund AUDIT COMPANY’S REPORT AUDITING COMMITTEE’S REPORT LIST OF ACCESSIONS: Zoological Park . Aquarium . DOCUMENTS: Articles of Incorporation . By-Laws INDEX ILLUSTRATIONS SIAMANG . JAPANESE SIKA DEER ISLAND KANGAROOS DRINKING FOUNTAIN WILD RICE AGILE WALLABY GREATER RED KANGAROOS . PLUMAGE FOR FEATHER MILLINERY TYPES OF HOSPITAL CAGES PORTABLE HOSPITAL CAGE . OPERATING ROOM WHITE-NECKED CRANE CARPET PYTHON DEMONSTRATION OF AN ELEPHANT’S STRENGTH IMPROVING WILD-FOWL POND BoAT HOUSE LAUNCH SLIP BLASTING THE BOAT HOUSE DAM BoAT HOUSE LANDING RAINBOW TROUT STAFF OF KALACOON RESEARCH STATION . MARBLED HAMLET OLD EXHIBITION TANKS KNLARGED EXHIBITION TANKS . FRONT ELEVATION OF AQUARIUM GROUND PLAN OF AQUARIUM Frontispiece 36 A2 48 56 60 64 70 76 78 80 85 86 90 96 100 104 106 110 114 120 122 124 128 128 Board of Managers (THE Mayor of the City of New York. aL. ? THE PRESIDENT, Dep’t of Parks, City of New York. CLASS OF 1918 LEVI P. MORTON, FRANK K. STURGIS, ANDREW CARNEGIE, GEORGE J. GOULD, MADISON GRANT, OGDEN MILLS, WILLIAM WHITE NILES, LEWIS RUTHERFORD MORRIS, EDMUND C. CONVERSE, ARCHER M. HUNTINGTON, HENRY A. C. TAYLOR, HENRY M. TILFORD. CLASS OF 1919 PERCY R. PYNE, Wo. AUSTIN WADSWORTH, GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, EMERSON MCMILLIN, GEORGE C. CLARK, ANTHONY R. KUSER, CLEVELAND H. DODGE, WATSON B. DICKERMAN, C. LEDYARD BLAIR, MORTIMER L. SCHIFF, FREDERICK GILBERT BOURNE, FREDERIC C. WALCOTT. CLASS OF 1920 HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, WM. PIERSON HAMILTON, WILLIAM C. CHURCH, ROBERT S. BREWSTER, LISPENARD STEWART, EDWARD S. HARKNESS, CHARLES F. DIETERICH, WILLIAM B. OSGOOD FIELD, GEORGE F.. BAKER, A. BARTON HEPBURN, GRANT B. SCHLEY, WILLIAM WOODWARD. New York Zoological Sorivty General Office, 111 Broadway, New York City President: HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN. First Vice-President: Second Vice-President : MADISON GRANT, FRANK K. STURGIS. Treasurer: PERCY R. PYNE, 20 Exchange Place. Secretary: MADISON GRANT, 111 Broadway. Assistant Treasurer: THE FARMERS’ LOAN & TRUST COMPANY. Executive Committee MADISON GRANT, Chairman. PERCY R. PYNE, LISPENARD STEWART, WILLIAM WHITE NILES, WATSON B. DICKERMAN, WM. PIERSON HAMILTON, ANTHONY R. KUSER, FRANK K. STURGIS, HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, Ex-offcio. Anditing Committee WILLIAM WHITE NILES, Chairman. ANTHONY R. KUSER, LISPENARD STEWART. Pension Board GEORGE C. CLARK, Chairman. CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, PeRcY R. PYNE, Treasurer. H.R. MITCHELL, LEWIS R. Morris, RAYMOND L. DITMARS, WM. B. OSGOOD FIELD, HERMANN W. MERKEL, Secretary. Editorial Committee HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, Chairman. WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, CHARLES H. TOWNSEND. Gencral Officers WILLIAM T. HorNapbay, Director of the Zoological Park. CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Director of the Aquarium. GEORGE S. HUNTINGTON, Prosector. C. GRANT LA FARGE, Architect. H. DE B. PARSONS, Consulting Engineer. R. L. CERERO, Bursar. Officers of the Zoulogical Park WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, Director and General Curator. H. R. MITCHELL, Chief Clerk. RAYMOND L. DITMARS, Curator of Reptiles. WILLIAM BEEBE, Curator of Birds. LEE S. CRANDALL, Assistant Curator of Birds. W. REID BLAIR, Veterinarian. HERMANN W. MERKEL, Chief Forester and Constructor. GEORGE M. BEERBOWER, Civil Engineer. WILLIAM MITCHELL, Cashier. ELWIN R. SANBORN, Photographer and Editor. Officers of the Aquarimn CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Director. IpA M. MELLEN, Secretary. W. I. DE NYSE, Assistant. L. L. MOwsrRay, Assistant. GEORGE A. MACCALLUM, Pathologist. ROBERT SUTCLIFFE, Clerk. Aquarium Gonumitter CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Chairman. CHARLES L. BRISTOL, EDMUND B. WILSON, BASHFORD DEAN, CLEVELAND H. DODGE, ALFRED G. MAYER, CHARLES B. DAVENPORT, THOMAS H. MORGAN, CHARLES R. STOCKARD, RAYMOND C. OSBURN, GRENVILLE KANE. MEMBERS OF THE New York Zoological Sorivty Baxer, Georce F., *CADWALADER, JoHN L., CaRNEGIE, ANDREW, Donce, CLeveLanp H., *BarneEy, Cuares T., Bourne, Frepericx G., Dietericu, Cuartes F., Gouxp, Grorce J., Harkness, Epwarp S., wlehorion dln) des Mackay, CiarENcE H., Mitts, Ocpen, *ARCHBOLD, JoHN D., AveERY, SAMUEL P., *BaRNES, JOHN S,, Berwinp, Epwarp J., Buarr, C. Lepyarp, Brewster, Rosert S., *CuisHotm, Hueu J., January 1, 1917. Benefactors Kuser, ANTHONY R., *Morean, J. P., Rockeretter, WILLIAM, Scnirr, Jacor H., *THORNE, SAMUEL, Founders in Perpetuity Morton, Levi P., Pyne, Percy R., Roginson, NeEtson, RockEFrELLER, JoHN D., Srewart, Lispenarp, Taytor, Henry A. C., Tuomrson, Mrs. Frepericx F., *THorne, Miss PHorse Anna, *Wuirney, Wiiiam C., Founders Payne, Oniver H., PERKINS, Georce W., Rainey, Pau J.., ScHERMERHORN, F. Avcusrvs, Scuirr, Mortimer L., Scuiey, Grant B., Sueparp, Mrs. Finutey J., Criark, GeorGe CRAWFORD, *SLOANE, WiLLiAM D., *Dopnce, Witt1aM E., *GoreLetT, RoBeErt, *Sroxes, Miss CaroLtine PuHeE tps, Sturcis, Franx K., Huntincton, Arcuer M., Trevor, Miss Emity, *Huntincton, C. P., McMinn, Emerson, *OrreNDORFER, OswaALp, *Bascock, SaMvueEL D., *Cartrer, JAMEs C., *CrocKER, GEORGE, *pERuaAM, H. Casimir, *Jesup, Morris K., Trevor, Mrs. Joun B., * VANDERBILT, CORNELIUS, VANDERBILT, Witi1aAM K., Woop, Mrs. ANTOINETTE Eno, Assoriate Founders *RHINELANDER, Miss SERENA, *ScHUYLER, PHILIP, *Scuuy er, Mrs. Puitip, Srurcis, Mrs. Franx K., Tirrany & Company, Osporn, Henry Fatrrierp, VANDERBILT, CORNELIUS, * DECEASED. 14 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY *Arnotp Hicks, Avcurncioss, Mrs. Hucu D., Barney, James W., *Buiss, Cornetius N., *Buiss, Grorce T., Bronson, Encar Berrcuer, Crarx, Mrs. Grorce Crawrorp, *ConsTaBLE, Frepertck A., *Coox, Henry H., pE LuciInce, PRINCEss, Enret, GeEorceE, *Frower, Roswei P., Foro, James B., *Forp, J. Howarp, Goutp, Jr., Enwin, *Harkness, Cuarites W., Harrison, Jr., Grorce L., *Havemeyer, Henry O., *Havemever, WitiiamM F., Hawkes, Mrs. McDoveatt, *Hewirr, Asram S., Hornapay, Wo. T., House, Epwarp J., *HorrMan, EK. A., *IseLrin, ADRIAN, *James, D. WILLIs, James, NorMAn, JAMEs, WatterR B., Jennincs, Miss A. B., *Lewts, Mrs. Grorce, Apams, Epwarp Dray, AGNew, Cornetius R., Acnew, Greorce B., AKELEY, Cart E., Awoprews, Constant A., AnvrEws, J. SHERLOCK, Armour, ALLIsonN V., Arnotp, Epvwarp W. C., *Aucuincioss, Hueu D., *BaLLANTINE, Ropert F., Barsour, THomas, Barzpour, WILLIAM, *“Baruyptr, Mrs. P. Hacxtey, *Barnes, Miss Cora F., Barnes, J. SANFORD, Barucu, Bernarp M., 3EEBE, C. WILLIAM, *BexxL, Mrs. C. M., Bett, Gorpon Knox, Brextmont, AvGustT, Berrs, SamvueEt Rossiter, Binns, WALTER, Patrons Mayer, Arrrep G., Morris, NEwsoxp, *Morris, A. NEwso xp, *Morris, Mrs. A. Newson, Osporn, WiitittaAmM Cuourcii, *Osporn, Mrs. Wirtiiam H., *Poor, Henry W., *Pyne, Mrs. Percy R., Ryan, Tuomas F., *ScHERMERHORN, WILi1AM C., Sacr, Mrs. Russe.tz, SeLicman, Isaac Newron, *Senrr, Cuartes H., Simpson, Miss JEAN WALKER, *STICKNEY, JOSEPH, Taytor, Jr., James B., TuHorneE, Epwin, Tuorne, Francis B., Tuorne, Henry S., Trornr, JoEL W., TuorneE, Lanpon K.,, TrorNE, Jr., SAMUEL, Tuorne, S. BrincKerRHOFF, TuHorNE, Vicror C., *THoRNE, WILLIAM, Tsaver, Mrs. Marcarer T., *Twomsiy, H. McK., *Von Post, Herman C., *Wess, WittiaMm H., Wuirney, Harry, *Wotrr, A., Lite Members Biro, CuarLes SUMNER, Bisuor, Heser Recinatp, *BiacKForD, EuGENE G,, Buiair, W. Rep, Buss, Mrs. Roserr W., Buiopvcerr, Wiii1AmM 'TrLpon, *Boxtptr, Grorce C., *Bonp, Frank S.,, Boorn, WiruiaAmM H., Boury, Louis J., *Bowpo1n, Georce, S., *Bowpoin, TEMPLE, Bravtey, J. R., BrinsmavE, Cuarrtes Lyman, Brown, Grorcr McKessen, *Brucre, Miss Marinrpa W., Bucn, Miss Emity, Burven, 2nv, Henry, Burieicu, Grorce W., Burr, Win THRop, Burrace, Carr. Guy H., BusuHNeE LL, Josern, *DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT ey Butter, Wieutiam Mins, CAMMANN, Georce P., Camp, Hueu N., *CanrieELD, Ricuarp A., CavLywetL, Cuartes Minpank, Crerero, R. L., CiraNter, WINTHROP, Cuarin, Cuarres M., Cuapin, Cuester W., CuHisHOoLM, Jr.,.Huexn J., *Cuurcu, E. Dwicur, Cuurcn, Frepericx E., Cuurcnu, Mrs. Netur E., Cuurcn, Wiiarp, Cuurcu, Wirtiam Conant, Crarx, F. Amprose, Cuark, Grorce C., Jr., Crarkson, Banyer, Crose, Epwarp B., Cor, Wit11am R., Corrin, Cuartes A., Coreate, WriiiaM, Corurer, Ropert J., *Cortorp, Grorce W., *Cotrorp, Mrs. Grorcr W., Corr, Samvuet P., Connon, T. G., ConstaBLe, Mrs. Frepertck A., Converse, E. C., *ConyNGHAM, Wixtiiam L., “(Cooie, (Ch lke Cooper, Mrs. Cuartes W., Corninc, JOHN J., Cory, Dantet W., *Coxe, Davies, Crane, ZENAS, Crane, Z. MarsHatt, Crimmins, Joun D., 'Cuyvrnry ©. C. “Davis; Ei We, Davis, JonN W. A., Davis, Witi1am T., *peCorret, Epwarp J., DerrrING, CHARLES, pEHerrepra, C., Detarietp, ALBERT, pEMitHav, Louis Joun, DeRuam, CuHartes, *DeRuam, CHar_LeEs, DeWirr, Wit11aMm G., Dicx, J. Henry, DickerMAN, Watson B., Dickry, Cuartes D., Dimocx, Mrs. Henry F., Disston, Jr. Henry, Dirmars. R. L., *Dopcer, Grorce Ecreston, Doner, Marcerius Harrtrey, Doexcer, Cuaries P., *Dorxcer, Prrer, Doecer, Perer, Dove tas, Jr., AncuiBap, Draver, Mrs. Henry, DressLer, Oscar, DuBois, Miss Eruen, DuBois, Miss Karrertne, DuBois, Witu1am A., Duemore, A. Rapcryrre, Dunuam, Epwarp K., Dunscompe, Grorce Exisworrn, puPont, Mrs. Wituiam A., Dwyer, THomas, Epear, ‘Newsorp, Evuior, SamMvueEt, Exuis, W. Dixon, Ey, Amprose K., Emmet, C. Tempre, *Eno, Amos F., Farrcuiip, Cuartes S., Fearinc, Grorce R., Fietp, Corrtanpr pEPerysteEr, Firitp, Wm. B. Oscoon, Itetp, Mrs. Wm. B. Oscoop, Fisuer, Mrs. Henry J., FLEITMANN, Wiiii1am Mep.ticort, Frnt, Cnartes R., Foro, Henry, Fraser, Miss S. Grace, *Frencu, S. Barron, Fueuret, Howarp, Garner, R. L., Gerry, Exsrince T., Go.pscumipt, S. A., Gooprince, Mrs. F. G., *Goopwin, James J., Govuxp, Grorce H., Grant, DeForest, Grant, Manison, GRINNELL, Grorce B., GuGcGENHEIM, Daniet, Guccenuem, S. R., GuntuHer, Bernarp G., GunTHER, Franxuin L., GutTurir, Won. D., *HaGENBECK, Cart, Hacensecx, Hernrice, HacGenseck, Lorenz, Hamitton, Prerrpont Morean, Hamirton, Wm. Pirrson, Harpine, J. Horace, Harkness, Mrs. Epwarp S., Harkness, Mrs. S. V., Harran, Cuarties J., Harriman, Mrs. E. H., Harris, Aran C., Hart, Franx, *DECEASED. 16 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Harvey, E11, Havurr, Dr. Lovuts, Havemeyer, F. C., Havemeyer, T. A,, *Haven, Georce G., *Hearn, Georce A., *Henperson, Cuarzes R., Heppurn, A. Barron, *HicgGiInson, JAMES J. Hitt, Hueu, Hircu, Mrs. Frepertck Deano, *Hor, Miss MarGarer, Hor, Ricuarp M., Hor, Mrs. Ricwarp M., Horxins, Mrs. Geo. B., Hoppin, Mrs. Josepi Crark, *Husparp, Tuomas H., Hyper, Mrs. Crarence M., Hyne, James H., IseLin, Jr., ADRIAN, Isexttx, CotumBus O. D., *Jacxson, Tueopore F., Jackson, Victor H., James, ArrHur Curtiss, Jennunos, Oxriver G., *Jesup, Mrs. Morris K., Jones, Mrs. Epwarp H., *Jurturarp, Mrs. A. D., Kaun, Orro H., Kane, GRENVILLE, *KaneE, JOHN INNEs, Kine, Grorce Gorpon, Kinney, Morris, *Kinostanp, Wiii1amM M., *KisseL, Gustav E., Kunuarpr, W. B., LaF arcs, C. Grant, Lanepon, Woopsury G., LANIER, CHARLES, Ler, Cuarites NorrTHamM, Lerps, Mrs. Warner M., Leuman, S. M., *Lounssery, Ben-Atrr H., *LounsBery, Ricuarp P., Low, C. ADOLPHE, *Low, SETH, Lypic, Davin, Lypic, Purr M., McALrenan, Joseru A., McAtprn, CHaries WILLISTON, McComps, J. Scort, McKeever, I. C., *McKim, Cuanrtes F., McKinney, Grenn Forp, McLane, Guy Ricwarps, McMiriu1~x, Marion, *Macxay, Donan, Macy, V. Evenrit, Mapeira, Percy C., *Marrianp, ALEXANDER, Maxiory, Cuaries H., *Marc, Txreopuitus M., *Marxor, Francis H., Maruinc, Autrrep E., Marsuatz, Louts, Maxwe..i, Roserr, Merxet, Hermann W., Mriipank, DuNLEvY, Mixier, Georce N., Mixis, Ocven L., Miron, Mrs. Wo. F., Mircuett, A. M. Post, Mircuert, H. R., Mircuett, Mason, *MircHett, Roranp G., Money, AMBROSE, *Moorre, Mrs. James Amory, Moore, Frepertic P., Moran, DanieEt E., Morean, J. P., Morcan, JR., Mrs. J. P., *Mornis, JAMES, Morris, Lewis Rurwerrurp, Nessirr, A. G., Newsoup, THomas, NEwtanp, V. M., Nicuotrs, Mrs. Winrt1Am GILMAN, Nixes, J. Barron, Nites, Wittiam WHiTte, Nites, Mrs. Witit1am W., Norton, Joun W.,, Nunan, J. J., Nye, Josepu K., Osporn, Mrs. Wini1am CuurcnH, Ospurn, Raymonp C., Painter, Kenyon V.,, ParisH, Henry, Parrisu, James C.,, Peapopy, Cuaries A., Perkins, Witiiam H., PHeEtps, JOHN J., Puitutrs, Joun C., Puiturs, Joun M., Pures, Mrs. M. von R., Puirps, Henry, Putrrs, Henry C., PuoENtx, Luioyn, PHOENIX, PHILLIPS, Pierce, Henry Cray, PrerREPONT, JOHN Jay, Prerreront, Roser L., Prerreront, Serum Low, *Pincnor, J. W., Porter, CLARENCE, *Porrer, Mrs. Henry C., Porter, Witson, *DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Prarr, Daruas B., Prarr, Haroxp I., Procror, A. Puimtiister, Punirzer, Raven, Pyne, M. Taytor, *QurntarD, Georce W., Raymonp, Cuartes H., Riker, Jr., SAMUEL, *Ross, J. Hamppen, *Roxsins, Miritron, Rosinson, ARTHUR, Rocers, ARCHIBALD, Runeius, Cart, *Russ, Epwarp, Ruruerrurpd, WINTHROP, *Sv. JoHN, Frank L., Sampson, Henry, Sartus, J. SANFORD, *Sanps, Wittiam R., Sanrorp, Henry, Sanrorp, Jr., Henry, SaNFoRD, SAMUEL S., Sancer, Farreierp Osporn, *ScHERMERHORN, J. EGmMont, *SCHIEFFELIN, EUGENE, ScCHIEFFELIN, SCHUYLER, Scuiey, Evanper B., Sreron, Ernest THompPson, SHELDON, CITARLES, SHERMAN, GEORGE, *SuHerMAN, Witi1AmM Warts, Suietps, Grorce O., Stoan, Benson B., *SLOAN, JOHN, Stoan, Matcoimm D., *SLOAN, SAMUEL, SLoan, SAMUEL, Soner, LeRoy, Spryrr, JAMES, Sauter, Stuart C., Stetson, Francis LynobeE, Stewart, Wm. R., JR., Stroxes, Miss Onrivia E. Puetrps, SrratcHtr, Mrs. Wrirarp, Srreeter, D. D., Srurces, FREDERICK, Tariron, Leste JEFFERIS, *THALMAN, ERNST, 1 Tuayer, Mrs. Ernen Ranvoipen, Tuomerson, Lewis S., Tuzromeson, Wir11amM P., Titrorp, FrRaNk, Tiztrorp, Henry M., Top, Roxperr E., Topp, Witi1am R., Townsenpb, Cuartes H., Trevor, Henry G., Trevor, JoHN B., Trirron, Craupe H., Tuck, Epwarp, UniMann, Freperick, Vai, TueEopore N., *V aANDERBILT, ALFRED G., Van RENSSELAER, Cuartes A., Varnum, Mrs. James M., WanpswortH, Mas. W. Austin, Wapswortu, Mrs. W. A., Wai, D. Everett, Warnweicur, Ricwarp T., Warxker, Henry FREEMAN, Warpoure, Ferix M., *WarRREN, SAMUEL D., *Watson, Francis A., Watson, James S.,, Wess, W. Sewarp, Wetcuer, Mrs. Fanny Avery, WENDELL, Evert JANSEN, Wermore, Cuarites W., Wetmore, Georce PEasopy, Wuarton, WitiiAM P., Wueatton, Louis N., Wuirte, Jr., JoHN Jay, WuitrEHEAD, Paut, Wuitney, Caspar, Wuitney, CorNeLius VANDERBILT, Wuitney, Harry Payne, WHITNEY, PayNE, Wittets, Exmore A., Wiets, Howarp, Witiiams, Crark, Wine, JoHn Morcan, *Wine. JoHN D., *WintHrop, Ecerton L., Woertsuorrer, Mrs. Anna, Wirnenrs, Grorcr B., Wortutincton, C. C., Gouorary Members *Pror. ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, Pror. J. A. ALLEN, Tue Dvuxe or Beprorp, F. E. Braauw, *Arruur Erwin Brown, Dr. Franx M. Cyuarman, *Pror. DanteL Grraup Extiot, *Srr. Wiitiiam F Lower, *Dr. F. L. Hoest, Sm. Epmunp G. Loner, Dr. C. Harr Merriam, Lionet RoruscHitp, *Dr. Paine Luriey Sciater, Frepertck CourtTNry SELOUvs, * DECEASED. 18 NEW YORK Barsour, THomMas, BEEBE, C. WILLIAM, *BickmoreE, Pror. AtBert S., Buarr, Dr. W. Ret, Bristrot, Pror. Cuarwes L., Brooxs, Dr. Hartow, Catxins, Pror. Gary N., Crampton, Pror. Henry E., CranvatL, Lee S., Davenrort, Dr. Cuartes B., Dean, Dr. Basurorn, Ditrmars, R. L., Doercuer, WILLIAM, Grant, Mapison, Grecory, Dr. Wirttam K., GrINNELL, Grorce Birp, Guncer, Pror. E. W., ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY #Fellomst Hornavay, Dr. Wo. T., Huntineton, Dr. Georce S., Lre, Pror. Frepertc S., Lucas, Dr. Freperic A., MacCatitum, Dr. Georce A.., MatrHew, Dr. W. D., Mayer, Pror. Aurrep G., Merket, Hermann W., Morcan, Pror. THomas H., Ossorn, Pror. Henry Farrrrerp, Ossurn, Dr. Raymonp C., Scuvu tte, Pror. H. von W., Seron, Ernest Tompson, Scorr, Dr. Grorce G., SHELDON, CHARLES, Srocxarp, Dr. Cuartes R., Townsenp, Dr. Cuartes H., Witson, Pror. Epmunp B., Sustaining Members Baker, Georce F., Barpour, WILLIAM, Forp, James B., Hamirron, Wm. Pierson, Havemeyer, F. C., Hor, Ricuarp M., Hor, Mrs. Ricuarp M., Hype, Mrs. Crarence M., Morecan, J. P., Porter, CLARENCE, Scuirr, Jacog H., Scuiey, Grant B., Stewart, LispENARD, Srurcis, Frank K., Anutal Members Axspott, Mrs. Marie M., ABEEL, GEORGE, ABEEL, JoHN H., AxsercromBiz, Davin T., Axss-Hacen, Ernest, Acuetis, Frirz, ACHELIS, JOHN, Apam, Jk., Hueco S., Apams, Cuartes F., Apams, Frepericx B., Apams, Mrs. F. T., Apams, JoHn Dunpar, Apams, Tuatcuer M., Avams, Mrs. Wm. Crirrennen, AvrE, Miss Exren Louise, AGNeEw, Mrs. Cornettus R., * AITKEN, JOHN W., Axpricu, Mrs. James Herman, ALEXANDER, Mrs. Cuartes B., ALEXANDER, Dovucuas, ALEXANDER, Franx D., ALEXANDER, Mrs. Heten B., ALEXANDER, Mrs. Henry Anppison, ALEXANDER, Mrs. WILLIAM, ALEXANDRE, Mrs. JouHn E., ALEXANDRE, Mrs. J. Joseru, ALLAND, Maurice, ALLEN, Rev. Arruur Huntineton, ALLEN, Erman, ALLEN, FrepERIC WINTHROP, ALLIEN, FREDERICK, ALtscHut, C., Amory, CopLey, Ams, Cuaries M., Amy, Ernest J. H., Auvry;, 1G. He Awnperson, ArcuiBpatp J. C., Awnperson, Mrs. J. Scorvr, Anpberson, P. CHAUNCEY, ANDREINI, J. M., Anprews, Gwynne M., ArpLeton, Francis R., * DECEASED. *The class of Fellows of the New York Zoological Society was organized early in 1909, and includes members of the Society who are working and scientific zoologists. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT APPLETON, JAMES W., ArcHBOLD, JouUN F., Arcupotp, Mrs. J. F., AREND, F. J., Armour, Grorce A., Armour, Mrs. Herman O., Arnoxp, Mrs. Grover C., Arr, €. W., ASPINWALL, J. LAWRENCE, Astor, VINCENT, Arwater, Jr., Ricmarp M., AvcHinctoss, Mrs. C. C., Auvcutinctoss, Mrs. Encar S., JRr., Avucuincioss, Mrs. Enear S., Sr., AvcHINnctoss, Huen, AUCHINCLOss, JoHN W., AvERBACH, Mrs. Josepu S., Aycricc, B. Arruur, Aymar, Mrs. Jose, Bacue, Jutes S., Bacon, Grorce W., Bacon, WentTwortu C., Bace, Dr. Crinron L.., Baunsen, C., Baitey, Mrs. James M., Baxer, Cuartes D., Baxer, Cuartes H., Baker, STEPHEN, Batpwin, Arzert H., Batpwin, Frepertcx H., Baipwin, Jarep G., JR., Batiarp, Epwarp L., Bariarp, SuMNER, Banxs, Tureopore H., Banwnarp, Orrto T., Barsey, Henry G., Barciay, Mrs. Reernarp, Bartow, Perer Townsenp, Barnarp, J. AvcGustvs, Barnes, Miss Cuariorre A., Barnes, Epwarp W., Barnes, JAMES, Barney, A. L., Barney Asueew H., Barney, Enecar S., Barney, Mrs. J. Srewart, Barnum, Wiriiam M., Barron, Georce D., Barriert, Puiripe G., Barrot, Henry G., Bates, Dr. W. H., Barrerson, James G., Bavrr, Oswatp A., Bauer, R. M., Baxter, Jr., Georce S., Bayarp, Louis P., Bayures, Epmunp L., Bayuts, WititaM, Bayne, Mrs. L. P., Breapieston, Axrrep N., Bratt, JEREMIAH, Breese, Watrrer H., Beekman, Dr. Fenwick, BeekMan, Gerarp, Beers, Mrs. E. LeGranp, Benr, Roserr, Brett, Ernest L., BeEtL, Lovis V., Breit, Park E., Beier, A., BELLER, WILLIAM F., Bement, Epwanrp, Benepict, James H., * DECEASED. BeENneEpict, LEMUvUEL C., Benxarp, Harry H., Benxarp, Mrs. Harry H., BengamMin, Georce Powe tt, Benson, R. Lawrence, Benson, Miss Mary, Benson, Roserr, Benton, ANDREW A., Berens, Dr. T. Passmore, Bernarp, Prerre ARNOLD, Bernueim, Grorce B., BERNHEIMER, Cuarwes L., Brroizuermmer, E., Bertrron, S. R., Bier, Mrs. Syivan, Bicetow, Wriiiam S., Bigur, ABrawam, lsennaer, (Cs i Ga *BircHatt, W. H., Birp, Georce, BiaGpEN, GEORGE, Buiacpen, Mrs. Georce, Buacpen, Mrs. Juria G., Buam, J. INstey, Brair, Mrs. Lepyarp, Buiss, Ernest C., Buss, Mrs. Warrer Preps, Broopncoop, Roserr F., Bioominepate, Mrs. Joseri B., Buioss, James O., Borse, Quincy Warp, Boertrcer, Turopore, Botssevarn, G. L., Botron, Miss Extra F., Bortron, Witiiam H., Bonp, Atrrep H., Bonn, Jr., Henry R., Bonn, STEPHEN N., Bonner, G. T., Booru, Mrs. Aveusta, Bootn, Enos S., Bopp, Joun, * DECEASED. 19 20 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Borestreve, JoHN G., Bortanp, J. NELson, *Bortanp, Mrs. Jonn, Boritanp, Wiri1aM G., Bovurtron, Wit11aM B., Bowpoin, Miss Eniru G., Bowpo1n, Georce ‘TEMPLE, Bowen, Crarence WINTHROP, Bowen, Mrs. H. S., Bowen, JAMES, Bowers, Joun M., Bowne, Francis Draper, BoypENn, Dwient, F., Braptey, ALtLan B. A., Brapy, James BucHaNnan, Brapy, Nicroxas F., Branp, Oscar J., Breve, JoHN, Breese, JAMES L., Bremer, Avcust F., BrenGLE, LAWERENCE J., Brewster, Mrs. Bensamin, Brewster, Georce S., Brick, Samvuet R., Brivces, Roser, Brices, James E., BrincKeruorr, Arex. G., BristoL, Joun I. D., Bristow, Wii11am B., BropMERKEL, JR., CHARLES, Broxaw, Cuirrorp, V., Broxaw, Mrs. Cutrrorp, V.; Bronson, Dr. Envwarp BENNET, Brooks, Miss Berrua, Brower, Grorce V., Brown, Cuartes F., Brown, Dickson Q., Brown, Epwiyn H., Brown, Con. Frankuiin Q., Brown, J. ApDAms, Brown, JoHn Barker, Brown, Ricwarp E., Brown, STEPHEN P., Brown, Mrs. Tuomas E., Brown, VERNON CaRLETON, *Brown, Wapron P., BrowninG, Wititram H., Brownine, J. A,, Brovucuron, Mrs. U. H., Brunovice, Miss Exssazeru B., Brunnow, Rvuportrn E., *Bryan, Geo. J., Bryce, Miss Epirn, Buckner, Mortimer Norron, Buckner, Tuomas A., Bupp, Henry A., Burcuner, C. Fren, BuLxk1iey, Enywin M., Buixiey, Mrs. Enwin M.., Butxiey, L. Duncan, But, J. Enear, Burpen, Jr., James A., Burpen, Mrs. W. A. M., Burcess, Epwarp G., Buriercu, Mrs. Grorce W., BurnuamM, Mrs. Wiiiram A., *Burnuam, Mrs. Dovucias W., Burritt, Enwarp L., Busk, Frep T., Burier, Artruur W., Bourter, Cuarres D., Burier, CHARLES STEWART, *Burier, Mrs. P. H., Burier, Miss VirGinia, Cazot, F. H., Carsar, Henry A., Canen, Juuius P., Caun, Artuur L., CaLLENDER, Wa ter, R., Cartman, Henry L., CamMMaANN, Epwarp C., CamMMANN, Henry Loricyarr, CamMann, Herman H., CampBELL, DoNnatp, CampBELL, J. W. C., CanrieLp, Greorce Forcer, *CanNoN, JAMEs G., Cawnrosert, A. H., Carey, Frepericx F, Carry, Henry T., Caruarr, Mrs. A. Sisrey, Carnecie, Mrs. ANpREwW, CarreNvDerR, WILLIAM, CarrENnpdeER, C. L., Carr, Mrs. Warrer L., Cantirny PoC: Case, Henry P., Cass, CuarLtes ANDERSON, Cassarp, WILLIAM J., Carucart, Miss JENNIE R., CaTTELL, OWEN, Crapor, Treopore J., Cuatmers, ArrHur A., CuamBertin, Wittt1am B., Cuampers, Franx R., Cuampers, Hirary R., Cuamportion, Mrs Anopre C., Cuanter, Rosert W., Curarin, Miss Marta Bowen, *CrHapMAN, ARTHUR, Cuapman, Miss Fanny, CuarmMan, Henry Orrts, CHAPMAN, JOHN JAY, CuHauncey, Evinu, Cuaves, Jose Epwarp, CuENEY, GeorcE L., * DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Cueney, Jr., Mrs. Knigur Dexter, Cuiip, Mrs. Lewis P., Cutips, Everstey, CuiLps, STarLiINc W., Cuitps, Wit1t1am H., CurisHotm, Mrs. Hueu J., Sr., Cuoate, Josepu K., CuristriANcy, Georce A. C., Cuuss, Percy, Cuurcu, Cuartes T., CuurcH, Jr., BK. D., Cuurcu, Greorce H., Cuourcu, F. S., Cuurcnu, Louis P., CLaFLIN, JOHN, Cirancy, JoHn Evarts, CrarpyeAy bs. Crark, Cuas. Hopxins, Crark, CuHartes Marrrin, Crark, D. Crawrorp, Crark, Epwarp H., Crark, Miss E. Manet, Crark, Herpert L., Crarx, J. Francis Atoystius, Crark, Mrs. Joun C., Crank, JR: Wours C:, Crark, Miss Martan AveERELL, Ciark, W. A., CriarK, Watrter G., CrarK, Wittiam N., CriarkeE, E. A. S., CriarKkeE, Tuomas SHIELDs, C1LAuseN, GEORGE C., Ciemens, Dr. James B., CLevELAND, Miss Maser H., Crews, Mrs. James B., Crypve, Witiiam P., Cocuran, G. D., CocuraneE, A. W. S., CocHrane, F. D., Cocxcrort, Miss E. V. CocKkran, Mrs. W. Bourke, Coppineton, Mrs. JEFFERSON, Cor, Cuartes A., Corrin, Francis A., Corrmx, Witt1am Epwarp, Corsurn, AxrBert E., Cotpy, Howarp A., Core, Epwarp F., Core, Mrs. Rurus, Coxruier, Mrs. R. J., Coriins, CLarENcE Lyman, Corns, Miss Gertrune, Coritns, Dr. Stacy Bupp, Corr, Harris D., Corr, Ricuarp C., Comstock, Mrs. H. G., Cone, Freprricx H., Conueim, Hermann, ConkKLIN, Roxtanp R., Conxuine, Paun B., ConNELL, Herbert STANLEY, ConTENT, Harry, Converse, Miss Mary E., Conway, Mrs. Maupe AL1is, ConynGcuaM, Joun N., Coox, Cuartes S., Coox, Mrs. Cuartes T., Coomse, T. Gorton, Coorrer, H. S. FEentmore, Cooper, ‘TrHropore, Corserr, Mrs. Henry L., Corbin, AUSTIN, CorreLL, Wiitit1am WALLACE, Coruies, Howarp, Cornine, C. R., Coster, Miss Syntvra dEeG., Cowp1n, WINTHROP, Cowtes, Russet A., Crane, Mrs. JonatHan H., CravatH, Mrs. Pau D., Crawrorpb, Rosert L., Crawrorp, WILLIAM, Crimmins, THomas, Crocker, Epwarp, Crocker, Rosert S., Crocker, Wituiam T., CroMwELL, James W., CromMwe.t., Lincoun, Crosspy, MaunseE.t S., Cross, Mrs. C. VANDERBILT, Cross, Greorce D., Cross, W. Repmonp, CrossLey, G. ReGinaxp, CunNINGHAM, W. DEL., Cuniz, CHarLes, CuriE., H., Curren, Rarpex L., Curtine, R. Furton, Currinc, Mrs. W. Bayarp, Curtinc, Heywarp, Cuyzer, Mrs. C. C., Cuvier, Miss ELreanor veG., Dapmun, Geo. E., Dattey, Granvitte F., Datierr, Freperic A., Dana, Cartes A., Dana,. Pav, Davenport, Mrs. Ira, DavincE, Wi1tiiam H., Davies, Mrs. Frepertcx M., Davies, J. CLARENCE, Davirs, JULIEN Tappan, Davis, Davin T., Davis, GHERARDI, Davis, How1anp, 21 22 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Davis, Joseru P., Davis, MorGan, Davis, W. J., Davison, CuHarLes STEWART, Davison, Miss Exxra H., Davison, Miss Anice M., Davison, Georce Howarn, Davison, Mrs. Henry P., *Day, Mrs. Henry Mutts, Deane, W. B., DeForest, Rozerr W., Decrner, J. F., DrGorcourra, A. V., DeKiyn, B. F., Dexarietp, Eywarp C., Dexarietp, FrevericK P., *Dexarietp, Miss Junia Livinesron, DetaFietp, Lewis L., DreLaNno, WARREN, DeLanoy, Witi1aM C., pELAuGIER-VILLARS, CoUNTESS, Denorest, Mrs. Wm. Curtis, Demine, L. C., Depew, Mrs. Cuauncey M., DePuy, Henry F., pERHAM, Mrs. H. Casimir, Dery, D. Grorce, Desparp, Watrer D., Devereux, Water B., Dexter, Stantey W., Deyo, Rozerr E., pEZALDO, FREDERICK, Dicxerson, E. N., Dickey, Mrs. Cuartes D., Dien, Grorce H., Dien, Jr., Georce H., Dienst, A. P., *Dirster., WM., Dixe, Oscar D., Ditton, W. B., Dinsmore, Mrs. W. B., Dixon, TueEopore P., Dopp, Miss Grerrrude, Donce, CLEVELAND E., Donor, Miss Exvizaneru W., Donce, Francis P., Doncr, Mrs. Marsnary J., Doume, Joun D., Dommericnun, Orro L., Dominick, H. BLancHarp, DonaxLp, Miss Anna E., Donaxtpson, Rosert M., Doremus, F. S., DovusiepDay, F. N., Dovucuias, JAMES, Dovcias, Wir11aAm H., Doveuass, ALFRED, Dow, Cuartes M., Down, Joseru, Down, Mrs. Josern, Downe, Evwarp D., Downer, J. Hatsey, Downey, Joun L., Dows, Davin, Sr., Dows, Mrs. Davin, Jr., Dows, Tracy, Drarver, Dr. Wiriiam K., DrayTon, J. COLEMAN, Drayton, W. Heywarp, 3rp, Draz, FRANCIs, Drexet, Mrs. Jonn R., Drorscnenr, S. R., Drummonp, I. Wyman, Duane, Ricuarp Bacne, DuBois, Dr. Evcene F., DuBois, Dr. Marruew B., Duet, Dr. Arruur B., Durer, Mrs. JouN Bevertey, Duturs, Jr., WILLIAM, Duncan, Mrs. Jonn P., DuncaAN, STuaRt, Duncan, Mrs. Sruart, Dunpas, Ratpu Worrs, Dunuam, Dr. Carrot, Dunn, Gano, Dorxeg, A. W., Durkee, Ricuanrp P. H., Dourxee, Mrs. R. P. H., Duryea, Mrs. H. B., Durcuer, Joun GeErow, DuVat, Mrs. Horace C., Dwicut, JoHNn E., Dyer, Mrs. E. Tirrany, Eacre, Joun H., MAMES, JOHN C., Eastman, Miss Anne K., Easton, Cuartes Puiie, Eaton, Mrs. Frepertck H., Esti, M. C., Expertarpr, CHar es, EBERMANN, Mrs. Ernest, Ecxart, Epmunp, *Epear, D., Enoar, Herman L. R., Evoar, Mrs. J. Crirron, Epmonps, JoHn W., Epwarps, Case, Epwarps, Wm. Seymour, Ecer, Tueopor G., Ecerton, M., Ennret, Lovis J., Erouitrz, Rosert James, E1zers, Cart, Expripce, Frepertck L., Exprimce, Wittiam T., Exuis, Witi1am D., “DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ExitswortH, J. M., Extsworrnu, Lincoun, Extinc, Dr. Arruur W., EMANUEL, JR., J. H., Empsury, Mrs. James W., Emerson, Mrs. WiILiiam, Emmet, Miss Lypra F., Emmet, Roserr Tempe, Enpicorr, Roserr, Eno, Miss Mary Pincnor, Ersston, R., ErpMANN, Martin, ERDMANN, WILLIAM, Eruancer, Mitrron S., Esserc, Henry, Esrasroox, Arruvur F.,, Erritincer, Louis, Eustis, JoHN E., Evans, S. M., Evarts, A. W., Evartrs, Miss Mary, EVELAND, FRANK, Everett, A. L., Ewine, Josrernu G., Fapsri, ALESSANDRO, Fassri, Ernesto, G., Fassett, Mrs. Ernesto G., Fazer, Eseruanrp, Fauwnestrock, Dr. Ernest, Fauwnestrock, Mrs. Ernest, Fanwnestock, WILLIAM, Farrcuitp, Benzamin L., Farrcuitp, Mrs. C. S., Farrcuitp, Samvuet W., Faris, Mrs. DeWirr Cuiinton, Fariey Conyin, FarnuaM, PavuLpInec, Farquuar, Percrvat, FarreELL, JAMEs C., FarreLty, T. CHartes, Fay, Francis B., Freittows, Wm. Gorpon, Fereuson, Miss Exizanern D., Fereuson, Rey. Henry, Fercuson, Wiiitam C., Frvuss, Capt. ANDREW W., FreustmMan, LrEon P., Fretp, Mrs. Avucusrus B., Fietp, Mr. Wiritam H., Frevpinec, Georce T., Firxcu, Epwarp B., Fincxe, Mrs. ReEGinaxp, Fiscuer, Witiram H., Eisner, ly. G., Firzceratp, Mrs. Louis, Fracrer, Harry Harkness, Fiannery, Mrs. Josery A., FreiscHmMann, Upo M., FLEITMANN, FREDERICK T., Fieminc, Henry S., ANNUAL REPORT Le) wo FiLreminc, Matrruew C., Frint, AUSTIN, FLoyp-Jonrs, Enwarp H,. Four, FRANz, Foor, James D., Foran, GrorcGe J., Foro, Miss Lesra, Forpyce, JoHN A., Foster, Enpwarpv W., Foster, Grraup, Fosrer, Macoms G., Fosrer, Scorr, Fowrer, Mrs. ANpbeERsON, Fowter, CuHares, JR., Fowter, Haron, Fox, Miss Arice BiLeecueEr, Fox, Hucu F., Frank, Louis, Franke, Louis J., Fraser, ALEX J., Fraser, ALEx V., Fraser, Mrs. Gerorce C., Fraser, Miss J. K., Fraser, WiLi1am C., Freeman, Miss Gerrrupe A., Frees, JoHN F., Frencu, Daniet C., Frencu, Mrs. Jonn, Fries, Dr. Haroxp H., FrissELL, A. S., Frost, Aaron V., FrorHINGHAM, JoHN W., Fux, FEewrx, Fourier, Cuartes D., Furier, Mrs. Evcene, Funke, Epmunp A., GaiLttarD, Mrs. Wm. O., GALLATIN, ALBERT, GaxiatIn, Mrs. Arpert, GALLATIN, GOELET, GaLuaTiIn, Mrs. Gor et, Gattaway, Merritt W., GARDINER, Cuartes B., Garrett, Miss Laura B., Garrett, JOHN W., Garrison, Mrs. J. H., Gass, Frank, Gautier, Dupirey G., Gay, Joseru E., Geppes, Donatp G., Geer, Mrs. Watter, Gerrarp, Miss Marcaret H., GerrisH, JOHN Brown, Gerry, Peter G., Gerry, Rosrrt L., Gerstir, Epwarp G., GiiBertT, CLINTON, GituesPie, Rosert McM., Gites, Epwin J., GitsEy, Henry, 24 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Guazier, Henry S., Gityn, W E., GoapbBy, W. H., Gopparp, Morritt, Gopvrrey, Mrs. E. D., GoLpMAN, ALBERT, GoLDMANN, JULIUS, GoLpMANN, NaTHan, Goopnvur, Cnuaries E., GoopuvE, Mrs. S. C., Goopwin, Gerorce B., GoovwiNn, GRENVILLE, Goopwin, H. Sage, Goopwin, Joun B. L., Goopwin, Mrs. J. J., Goopwin, Water L., Goopwin, Jr., Water L., GorrneLr, CHARLES, GorrHetr, Herman, Gorrno.ip, Arruur F., GorrHoLp, FREDERIC, Gouxip, Cuartes A., Goutp, Cuaries W., Goutp, Epwin, Goutp, Dr. Freperic S., Grar, WILLIAM, Granam, Mrs. Grorce S., Granam, Mrs. Rosertr D., Graves, Grorce Cor, Graves, Jr., Henry, Graves, J. P., Gray, Henry G., Greerr, Ernest F., GREENE, JR., G. S., GREENOUGH, JOHN, GreenouGH, Mrs. Jonn, GreEENWoop, Josep R., Greer, CHARLES, Greer, Mrs. Louise Morris, *GrirFin, Mrs. Wi1tziiam P., Grirriru, Miss MAarGarerre Grirrita, Miss Susan D., GRINNELL, E. ‘Morean, Griscom, Jr., Crement A.,, Griswoip, Grorce, Gross, Frank, GrunvNErR, M., GuGGreNHEIM, Mrs. Exiza, GUGGENHEIM, SIMON, Guinzpurc, A. M., Guitreras, Dr. Ramon, GuLutver, Mrs. W. C., Gurnee, Watrer S, Hackett, James K., HaFFen, JoHn M., Hace, Joun D., Hacer, Jr., Roserr. Haicutr, Crarits S., Haines, Cuaries D., Harness, Henry F., ATTA Css Hart, Arruvur H., Harn, Prank I Hate, Jacques S., Haxiocx, Cuartes P., Harts, Jr., WILLIAM, Hatsey, Cuarztes W., Hatsey, Herpert Drake, Hamann,Wm. A,, Hamerstey, Louis Gorvon, *Hamitton, Miss ADELAIDE, Hamintron, Miss Exizanern Srewart, Hamirttron, Mrs. Wirt1am Pierson, Hammonp, Mrs. Jonn Henry, Hammonp, Ocpen H., Hammonp, Witu1Am F., Hance, Joun A., *HANSMANN, Cart A., Harp, Anson W., Harmon, Mrs. Crirrorp, Harper, Harry, Harper, Larnropr C., Harriman, Mrs. Herpert M., Harriman, W. A., Harris, Cuarwes C., Harrison, ARCHIBALD, HarrsHorne, J. M., HassLacHer, JACOB, Hastincs, Mrs. Tuomas, Havemeyer, Henry, Havemeyer, J. C, Haven, Grorce G., Haven, J. Woopwarp, Havens, AuBert G., Hawe, Marrnuew, Hawk, Mrs. Witit1am SaMueEL, Haynes, Wititiam DeForest, Hazen, Georce H., Hecxer, Dr. Anton J,, Hecxscuer, Mrs. Aveust, Hepcss, Jog E., Heine, Jr., Henry, Herman, E., HeintTz, Joun C.,, Hertmurn, Wirriam Topp, Hencxen, Hancke, HeENpvERSON, JoHN B., Henverson, Norman, Hennine, Emit F., Hepgurn, Mrs. A. Barton, Hermann, Bernarp F., Hermann, Mrs. Ferprnanp, Herrick, Harotp, Herter, Mrs. Apert, Herrer, Mrs. Curistran A., Hess, Setmar, * DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Hewrrr, Herserr H., Hexamer, A. P., Hicks, E. Prerront, Hicxs, Joun M. W., Hiceins, Ricuarn H., latrorie, 1a By Hirt, Roserr C., Hirtis, Dr. Atrrep K., Hincuman, Watter, Hincxiey, Mrs. Samvuet Netison, Hirscu, Cruartes S., HirscuHianp, Franz H., Hocuscrinp, Berruop, Hopces, Harrison B., Hor, Mrs. Rosert, Horrman, Craries Frepertcx, Horrman, Miss M. U., Horrman, Mrs. Wiriiam M. V, Hoee, James A, Hoxrsroox, Mrs. Epnwarp, Hoxuster, Grorce C., Hoxuster, Mrs. Grorce C., Hort, Henry, Hotter, Mrs. E. O., Houzmaister, Louis V., Homes, Henry F., Hooxer, Dr. Ransom S., Hootry, Epwin, S., Horxins, Russert, Hoppin, Miss Frances, Hoppin, Hamirron L., Hoppin, Jr., Wittiam W., Hornapay, Mrs. J. C, Horr, L. Wirtiam, Hosxier, H. C., *Horcuxin, W. B., Housman, CrareNce J., Howett, T. A., Howranp, Mrs. Henry E., Hoyt, Arrrep O., Hoyt, Coreate, Hoyt, Mrs. Henry R., Hoyt, Mrs. Jesse, Hoyt, Joun S., Hoyt, Miss Virernia Scorr, Hoyt, Water S., Husparp, Watrer C., Horr, E. S., Humpureys, Mrs. Enwarp Wats, Huncerrorp, Riciarp S., Hunn, Arruovr B., Huntinotron, Mrs. Arcuer M., Huntincron, Forp, Huntincton, Mrs. Roser P., Hunrman, Rey. Gerarp H, Houpret, J. Curistran G., Hussey, Wirtrtram H., Hustep, Miss M. Karrartne, Husrep, Jr., Seymour L., Hurcuins, Avucusrus Scuett, Hurcuins, Jr., R. S., Hurcuinson, Cary T., Hvuytrr, C. D., Huyter, F. D., Hype, Aveusrtus L,. Hype, B. T. Bassrrv, Hype, Dr. Frevericx E., Hype, W. Trustow, Hype, Mrs. Wiri1am H., DAMS) icp ss Incues, Grorce B., Innis, Witt1am R., Irons, Henry C., Irvin, Mrs. Ricuarp, Isexin, C. Oxiver, Isexry, Miss Grorcrne, IseExin, Joun H., IsELIN, Miss Louise M., Isexin, Wituram E., Isrxin, Mrs. Wiiu1am E., Isexin, Witt1am O’Donne tt, IsHam, Cuartes B., IsHam, Wiiuiam B., Jackson, R. Hatnsey, Jacos, LAWRENCE, Jacosi, Dr. A., Jacogs, Samvuet K., Jacogus, Joun S., Jacquetin, Hersert T. B., James, Jr., Henry, James, Dr. Roserr C., James, Mrs. Watter B., James, Mrs. Worrinam, JarmMutowsky, Dr. Harry, JENKINS, A. W., JENKINS, Mrs Heten H., *JenxKINS, Marruew C., JENKINS, Wit1t1am B., JeNxs, Rosert I., JENNINGS, FrepEricK B., JENNINGS, Puianper R., JENNINGS, SIDNEY J., JENNINGS, WALTER, Jesup, Mrs. James R., Jesup, Ricuarp M., JoHNeEs, Witi1aM Foutke, Jounson, F. Corr, JouHnson, Giizert H., Jounson, Guy B., Jounston, J. Herpert, Jounston, WiLitam J., Jones, Mrs. A. Mason, Jones, Mrs. Capwa aber, JoneEs, Cuartes H., Jones, H. Borton, Jones, Dr. Isrart C., * * DECEASED. . = Jones, Lewis Q., Jones, TOWNSEND, Jupson, H. L., Kaun, Ferix E., Kaun, Louis, Kaun, Dr. Roserr J., Kane, Mrs. DeLancey, Kasr, Dr. Lupwic, Kaupre, WILHELM, Kaurz-Evrtenserc, Miss P. R., Kean, Hamirtron Fisny, Kean, Mrs. Hamirron F isu, Keecu, Frank B., Kerexer, Mrs. C. B., Kren, Barton L., Kerz, Henry F., *“Kerrtiocc, Mrs. CHartes, Kexiocc, J. PRENTICE, Kerirty, Horace R., Kennepy, Epwarp G., Kennepy, Mrs. H. VanReEnssELakEr, Kennepy, Mrs. JoHN STEWART, Kent, Epwin C., Kepuart, Rev. Witriiam H., Keprer, Davin, Kernan, Mrs. Watrer N., KEvuFFEL, W. G., Keyes, Mrs. Cuartes W., Keyser, Mrs. SamMvEt, Kipper, James Haruaway, Kimpatt, Axrrrep R., Kinc, Avcustus F., Kine, Miss Even, Kine, Miss Eruet, Kine, James Gore, Kine, Mrs. J. Howarp, Kine, Mrs. Leroy, Kineostanp, Mrs. Witi1am M., Kinesty, W. M., KINNEY, WARREN, Kinney, Mrs. Warren, Kir, W. Rutorr, KisseLt, Mrs. W. Trorn, Kircuinc, Frank W., KirrrenGe, SaMuEL Dana, Kirz, Josery, Kriaw, Marc, Knapp, ARNOLD, Knapp, Jr., Mrs. Harry K., Kwapp, Mrs. Josepu Parmer, Knicut, Craries R., Kwnoepiter, Rorann F., Kornter, H. C., KoHLMAN, CHARLES, Kontsaat, Miss Eniru M., Kors, Freperick, Kors, Jr., Grorce C., Korres, Dr. Henry M., 6 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Konic, Grorce T. H., Konva, ALEXANDER, Kraus, Sam, Krecu, Mrs. Arvin W., Kremer, Witi1aM N., Kremer, Mrs. Wm. N., Krunscuew, C. D., Kuempet, Max, Kuunn, Avcust, Kuun, JULivs, Kunuarpt, Henry R., Kurzman, Cuarues C., Kuser, JoHN Drybden, Kusrr, JouHn L., Kurrrorr, Apo, Kurrrorr, FREDERICK, Lacomspe, Hon. E. Henry, Lacat, Dr. Georce, LaIMBEER, JR., JOHN, Lampert, Dr. ALEXANDER, Lambert, Dr. A. V. S, LamBeErt, Dr. Samuext W., Lameorn, A. H., Lamont, Mrs. Tuomas Wym., Lanpaver, I. N., Lanpon, Francis G., Lane, Miss Annie E., Lane, Epwarp V. Z., Lane, JAMES WARREN, Lane, Wotcortr G., Lance, Miss Carmen, Lancetoru, Mrs. J acos, *LANGMANN, Dr. Gustav, Lanier, Mrs. James F. D., Larnuam, Mrs. JouHn J., Larrinc, Cuarzes P., *TLAaupER, JR., GEORGE, Lauper, Jr., Mrs. Grorce, LAUTERBACH, Mrs., LAWRENCE, Emuen N., LawreNce, JouN Burne, LAWRENCE, JOHN L., Lawrence, Newsorp T., LAWRENCE, R. WARREN, LawreNCE, TOWNSEND, LAWRENCE, W. V., Lawton, Mrs. James Marsianp, Lea, Cuartes M., Leacu, Henry Gopparp, *TEARNED, WALTER, Lepuie, GerorGe, Lepoux, Dr. Apert R., Lepyarp, Mrs. Lewis C., Ler, Mrs. Freperic S., Lee, Georce C., Lerrerts, Marsa C., LEFFINGWELL, Russet C., Lrao, Grorce, * DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT an LreGGcett, WarREN F., Leumaier, James M., LeHMAN, Meyer H., LELAND, Witrrep C., LeRoy, Epwarp A., Lester, Grorcr Bacon, LETKEMANN, H. V., LeEver, ©: EHL., Lewis, Mrs. Avecust, Lewis, Freperic Exxiorr, Lewis, Dr. Wittiam J., Lrewisoun, Aporpn, LEB, Jr., J. W., LirnHart, R. H., LincoLtn, Frepertc W., Lincotn, Lowe tt, LircHFieLp, E. Husert, Lircurretp, Epwarp H., LircHTENSTEIN, Pavt, Livermore, Mrs. Joun R., LoBENSTINE, Witttam C., Lorw:, Hueco V., Lorew1, Dr. Karu J., Locan, Franx J., Lornes, Russerxt H., Loomis, Guy, Lorp, Mrs. Georce DeForest, Lounspery, Mrs. Ricwuarp P., Low, Eruersert Ipe, Low, Jr., Wit1t1am Gi~man, Lowe, Wi111aM, Lowett, Miss Cartotrra Russe, LowE Lut, James B., Lownoes, THe Rey. Arruur, D.D. Lowtuer, Curistopuer M., Luprneron, C. H., Luptow, Mrs. Banyer, *Luptow, Rear-Apmirat Nicox., Lupium, C. A., LvuepErR, A., Luxe, Davin L., *Lummis, Miss Exiza C. B., Lusk, Pror. Granam, Lutrcen, WatrHer, Lyman, Franx, McAtpin, Mrs. Cyartes W., McAtprn, Jr., Mrs. D. Hunter, McAtpin, Georce L., McBrive, Mrs. Herperr, *McBurney, Cuarties I., McBurney, Henry, McCace, Louis B., McCarzi, Ricwarp, McCurntocx, Girsert S., McCoy, Dr. Joun, McCoy, Je C.. McCrea, W. S., McCreery, Rosert S., McCoution, J. S., McGuire, Joserpu H., McKeever, J. LAwreENCE, McKim, Joun A,, McKim, Leroy, McLane, Tuomas S., McLean, JaMEs, McLean, MarsnHatt, *McMorrry, G., MaAcFARLANE, WALLACE, Macx, Arruur C., Macy, Georce H., Macer, Joun, Macer, F. Rosert, Main, Franx H., Mate, Francis S., Maui, Pierre, Matt, Mrs. Pierre, Manecke, Dr. Pui.ip, Mann, WiLiiam pv’ ALTON, Mapes, Jr., DANIEL, Mapes, Ernest S., Marpury, Miss Exizaseru, Marckwaunp, Arsert H., Marcus, Grorce E., Marxor, Harry, Marxoe, Dr. J. W., AN rgheg (6, Jen MarsHatt, A. W. W., MarsHatyi, Mrs. CHAUNCEY, Marxuam, Roserr D., Marston, Epwin S., Martin, Jr., Braprey, Martin, Dr. Warton, Marye, R. V., Mason, Cuarirs N., Masten, Arruur H., Masters, Francis R., Masters, Miss, MatTHer, SAMUEL, Mayer, JEsseE, Mayer, Mrs. Joserpu B., Mayer, Marcus, Maywnarp, Mrs. Watrer E., Meape, Ricuarp W., Meexer, Henry E., Merem, James C., Ment, Henry, Mernuarp, Morton H., Menoy, Anprew D., Menn, Howanp, Messencer, Miss Marra Gerarp, Meyer, Epwin O., MEYER, Jr., EuGENE, Meyer, Dr. Georce W., Meyer, Miss Hetoise, Meyrowirz, Emin B., Mieuinc, Cartes, * DECEASED. 28 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Mixzgurn, JouHn G,, Miniter, Mrs. Cuaries §, Miuter, Mrs. Cyrus C., Mitier, Mrs. Exisazeru C. T., Miniter, Peyron F., Mitier, W. W., Miter, Mrs. F. D., Mizis, AnranamM G., Miris, ANDREW, Mitts, Freperic C., Mitmine, C. E., Mircuerz, Joun R., Monvant, ALPHONSE, Monrcomery, CARLETON, Moore, Castmir vDER., Moore, Jr., Cuartes ARTHUR, Moore, Miss K. T., Moore, Mrs. Russert WELLMAN, Moorneap, Horace R., Morawetz, Vicror, Morean, Miss Anne T., Morean, Miss C. L., Morcan, Epwin D., Morcan, Mrs. J. B., Morean, Mrs. J. Pirrront, Morean, Junius S., Morean, Jr., Junius S., Morcan, Mrs. Junius S., Morcan, Wm. FELLOWEs, Morcan, Jr., Witt1Am Forpes, Morris, Dave H., Morris, GouveRNEUR, Morris, JoHN JACOB, Morris, Lewis SpeNCER, Morsr, Mrs. Grorce H., Mortimer, Ricwarp, Morton, A. L., Morron, Mrs. Paut, Morton, Warron M. D., Mostz, A. Henry, Morttey, Jas, M., Mort, Henry C., Morr, Mrs. Joun Bowne, Mowesray, H. Sippowns, Mvetter, Cuartes F., Mvuuntrep, Franx J., Munn, Mrs. Henry Norcross. Munroe, Henry W., Muwnsey, Franx A., Morcatroyn, JoHNn, Murruy, Mrs. Ferix Tone, Mourrnua, Tomas F., Myers, Wixiziram S, Narcett, Roperr, Neitson, Dr. Howarpn S., NeErItson, WALLACE Puart, NeEtson, JAmMEs W., NeEsMITH, JAMES. NxumorEcEeN, M. L., NEuUMOEGEN, Mrs. M. L., Nevustrapr, Mrs. S., Nicuots, Acosta, Nicuots, Joun W. T., Nickerson, Horrman, Nicott, BENJAMIN, Nixes, Miss Frorixa, Nixes, Roserr L.., Noxrxer, Roserr E., Norman, Mrs. Braprorp, Norman, Miss Maset, Norrie, Miss Mary, Norru, Georce B., Norton, Cuaries D., Norton, G. FrepericK, Norton, W. P., Norman, GeEorGE, OperMaAyeR, CHartes J., O’ConneELL, Dr. J. H., Ocus, AvotpH S., OrrtincEeR, Dr. P. J., OrreRMAN, JOHN, Ocpen, CuHartes W., Oumets, JOHN, Oumets, P. M., Oxcorr, DupLey, Oxcorr, 2nv, Duptey, Otcort, E. E., Ouin, Mrs. StepuHen H., Otney, Exam Warp, OtypHant, Rosert, OtyreuHant, Roserr M., Onativia, JoHN VICTOR, OreNuyYM, GeEorGE J., OprpenuHeEIMER, Dr. Henry S., Orpway, SamMvueEL H., Orru, Cuartes D., Oszporn, Mrs. Henry Farrrierp, Orrincer, Marx, Ovuvrersrincre, Mrs. Apotpeu J., Ovurersripce, Dr. Pavt, Pacxarp, Mrs. E. Winstow, Pace, Wiit1am H., Parnes, Mrs. Avucustus G., Parner, Dr. H. McM., Paum_er, Enear, Pazmer, Dr. T. S., ParisH, WAINWRIGHT, Parker, A. W., Parker, Epwarp Luptow, ParKER, JUNIUS, Parker, WinTHROP, Parparr, WiiiiaMm E., Parsons, Enwin, Parsons, Miss GertrupeE, Parsons, H. DeB., Parsons, Herpert, * DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 29 Parsons, Mrs. Joun E., Parsons, Miss Mary, Parsons, Witit1am Barcuiay, Parrripce, Enwarp L., Patron, Davin, Parrerson, Henry Srvuarr, Patterson, T. H. Hoce, PauL, JOHN J,, Payne, Mrs. Henry W., Pranopy, STEPHEN, Pearson, Mrs. Frepertcx, Peaster, Miss F. Ranvorpn, Peck, Cuarues E., Pecx, Leicester O., Peckuam, Miss Marie Lovise, Precram, Epwarp S., PENDLETON, Francis Key, PENFOoLD, EvmMuNpD, Penrose, Dr. Cuartes B., Percivat, L. A. D., Perkins, Mrs. Epwarp, Perkins, Grorce E., Perkins, Rosert P., Perry, JoHN P. H., Perry, Mrs. Wiriram A.. *Prerry, Witiiam A., Peter, Emin W., Peters, Mrs. Cuartes G., Peters, SAMUEL T., Peters, Wirzt1am Ricumonp, Preirrer, Curt G., Prerrrer, GEORGE, Puewps, Mrs. AnseEt, Puetps, Dr. Governevur M., Puitires, Wittiam W., Piatti, Dr. Viren C., PickHarpT, Cart, Piet, Gorrrrien, Pret, MicHaett, PIERREPONT, Miss Anna Jay, Pierrepont, R. Sruyvesant, Prerson, Gen. J. Frep, Bice Re We, Pittor, P. Sruyvesant, Pixcuort, Grirrorp, Pratt, Cuartes H., Puatr, Franx H., Pratrr, Henry B., Puarr, Livrnesron, PratTen, J. W., Prympton, Grirpert M., Poxrx, Dr. Witiiam M., PotztocK, Grorce E., Pomroy, Mrs. H. K., Poor, Henry V., Port, Freprericx W., Port, G. D., Porter, ALEXANDER J., Porter, Horace, Porter, Louis H., Porrer, Witi1am L., Post, Asram S., Posr, Mrs. Cuaries ALrrep, Post, Grorce B., Porrer, Miss BLaNncHE, Porrer, Epwarp CrLarKson, Porrer, FREDERICK, Porrer, FuLuer, Porrer, Ortanvo B., Porter, R. Burnsive, Porrer, Mrs. R. Burnsine, Ports, JEssE W., Porrs, Witt1aAm Brevoorrt, Pratr, Abert H., Pratt, Georce D., lenvanas lal, JbS Pratt, Joun T., Pratt, Mrs. Joun T., Prentice, JoHN Hitt, Prentiss, Gro. H., Prentiss, Miss HenrIEvvT<, Press, T. CuHannon, PreEsToN, VERYL, Prippy, LAwRENCE, Prime, Miss Cornetta, Prince, Epwarp S., Prince, Pror. J. DyNELEY, Procter, WiL1i1AM, Proctor, Mrs. Cuarues E., Procror, THomas R., Procror, Wm. Ross, *Pryer, CHARLES, Puurrzer, Mrs. Josern, Puusirrer, Mrs. N. T., Putnam, H. Sr. Cramp, Pye, D. H.. McAtrin, Pyne, Mrs. M. Taynuor, Pyne, 2npv, Percy R., Quincy, CuHartes F., QuintTARD, Dr. Epwarp, *RANDALL, Franx E., Ranvotpu, Epmunp D., RanvotpH, Wirtiam W., Ranrr, Ricwarp, RANGER, STANLEY, Rascovar, JAMES, Rasmus, W., Rasmus, W. T., RatuHBorne, Ricuarp C, Ravucu, WI11aM, Raymonp, H. E., *Reap, WILLIAM A., RepmMonp, Miss E., Repmonp, Mrs. Henry S., Reeps, Cuester A., Rem, Joun, * DECEASED. 30 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Reip, Ocpen Mixts, Rei, Mrs. Ocpen Mitts, Rep, WaLLACcE, Rernuarpr, Georce N., Rerstncer, Curt H., Remsen, CHARLES, Rensuaw, Howarp Price, Reyno3ps, E. B., Ruerr, Miss FLorence, RHINELANDER, PHILIP, Ruoapes, Mrs. J. Harsen, Rice, Miss Mixprep G., Ricuarp, Epwin A., Ricuarp, Miss Exvine, Ricuarps, E. O., Ricuarps, Espen, Ricuarpson, Mrs. C. Trrrany, Rices, Gero. C., Riptey, JuLiEN A., Ripere, Mrs. E. J., Rives, Georce L., Rogssins, CHANDLER, Rossins, Mrs. Heten C., Roserts, G. THEODORE, Roxserts, Miss Grace Van Braam, Roserts, Miss M. M., Roserts, Owen F., Ropertson, ALBERT, Ropertson, R. H., Rogrnson, Mrs. Doveé.as, Rosinson, Epwarp, *Rosrnson, Ext K., Roxsrnson, G. H., Roginson, Miss Pavtine, Rosison, WinitaM, Rocne, Mrs. BurKxe, Rockwoop, Wiii1am H., Rovewa xp, F. L., Ror, Cuartes F., Ror, Franx O., Ror, Irvine L., Roenic, Water, Rocrers, E. L., Rocers, Mrs. Francis, Rocers, Huserr E., Rocers, James H., Rocers, Mrs. Witt1am Bevertey, RoKeNBAUGH, Henry S., Rorre, Avcustvus J., Romsovucn, Joun B., Roor, CLareNcE M., Roosevett, Mrs. James, Roosevetr, Mrs. Hitnorne L., Roosevett, W. Emien, Root, Exinv, Rose, Mrs. A. SuMNER, Roru, Freperick G. R., Roru, J. E., Roruxiaur, Rev. ANTHONY J., Roruwe.i, James E., Row1anp, THomas, Rune, Louts, Ruut, Louis, Runyon, Carman R., Runyon, E. W., Rupert, Justus, “Ruppert, J acon, Ruppert, Mrs. Jacos, Russett, Arcuipatp D., Russeizt, Mrs. Horace, RussEtt, Dr. Joun F., Ryan, J Ds Ryan, Joun Barry, Rye, Anruour, Rye, GraHam, Sacus, ARTHUR, Sacxerr, Miss Gertrupe T., Sacer, JoHN H., Sampson, ALDEN, Sampson, Cuarues E., Sanps, Miss ANNE A., Sanps, BENJAMIN AYMAR, Sanps, Mrs. Benzamin AymMar, Sancer, Mrs. Ratpn, Sarcent, Georce Lioyn, SatTreRLEE, Mrs. H. L., SaTTERWHITE, Preston P., SauNnpers, ALFRED W., Saunpers, Mrs. VirGinta, Sauter, FREDERICK, Sauter, Jr., FRep, Scuarrer, AnpreEas F., ScuaEFrer, Enwarp C., Scuarrer, Henry, Scuaar, HERMANN, SCHALL, JiR. Je Wes; Scuanck, Georce E., ScuarmMann, A. C,, Scuaue, C. F., ScuHauFFLeR, Dr. A. F.,, ScHAvuFFLER, Mrs. A. F., Scuerer, Anton H., *ScHEFER, CaRL, , Scuenck, Henry vdeB., ScHIEFFELIN, Mrs. H. M., ScHIEFFELIN, WILLIAM Jay, Scuirmer, Mrs. Marrua B., Scuirmer, Rupvorenw E., ScHMELZEL, JaMEs H., ScHMELZEL, Miss Jang, E., Scumipr, Anoten T., Scumipt, Wiriiam H., ScunaBEL, R. A., Scuorte, A. H., Scurac, Cuarres A., Scurac, Louis, * DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT ol Scureirer, Henry, *“SCHREYVOGEL, CHARLES, ScHUMANN, JR., JoHN J.,, Scuuyter, Miss Louisa Ler, Scuwarz, Henny F., Scuwarzwer, Abert J., Scorietp, Miss Marron, Scorr, Donan, Scorr, Hon. Francis M., Scorr, Mrs. Franx H., Scorr, Tuomas BryrHe, Scorr, WILiLiAM, Scovitte, Herserr, Scovitte, Mrs. Joun H., Scovitte, Roserr, Scripner, Arruur H., Scripner, Mrs. CuHaries, Scrymser, James A,, SEamAN, Dr. Lovis L., Sepvewick, Roserr, Seg, A. B., SELIGMAN, GrEorGE W., SELIGMAN, JEFFERSON, SELIGMAN, Josepu L., Senrr, Mrs. Cuartes H., Seton, ALFRED, Sexton, Lawrence E., SEYBEL, Dani‘. E., Sapiro, D., Suatruck, A. R., SHEEHAN, WILLIAM F., Sueets, Dr. E. A., SHEFFIELD, JAMEs R., SHEFFIELD, Mrs. James R., Sueitpon, Epwarp W., SueLpon, Georce R., SHELDON, Wixi1aM C., Sueparp, Mrs. Exniorr F., SuHeparD, FINtey, Sueparp, Dr. Georce A., SHILLABER, Wo., Suipman, Ricwarp D., SHoEMAKER, Henry W., Suonnarp, Horatio S., Snonts, T. P., Srptey, Mrs H. W., Strepensbure, Jr., Rertnwarp, Siece., Jacop, SIntEckK, Jr., Henry G., Sriutecx, Jr., Mrs. Henry G., Sirzmman, Harper, Simpson, J. T., Smorpson, Jonn W., Stncratr, Mrs. Jonn, Sincer, Artuur J., SKEEL, Dr. Franx D., Sxipmore, Wiritam L.., SKINNER, M. P., Suave, Francis Louts, SraucutTer, R. B., Stocum, Jr., H. J., Stocum, J. J., Stocum, Txos. W., Smipt, Mrs. G. L., Smipt, THos. SmiLey, DANIEL, SMILLIE, JAMEs C., Smituir, Raten, *SmitH, Dr. A. ALEXANDER, SmitH, AUGUSTINE J., Smirn, Mrs. Cuartes S., Smitu, Extas D., SmirH, Pierre J., Smiru, Rozerr K., SmiruHers, CHARLES, Smiruers, F. S., Snow, E. G., Sorcuan, Mrs. Vicror, Spaupinc, Keirn, Sparrow, Mrs. Epwarp W., Spear, JR., JAMEs, SprppEN, Freperic O., Spencer, ALEXANDER H., Spencer, Mrs. Enwarps. Sperry, Wixti1aAmM M., Speyer, Mrs. JAMEs, Spirzner, Grorce W., Sporrorp, Mrs. J. L., Spracur, Mrs. Franx J., Spricc, JupGE Carrol, Sprinc, Miss Anna Riker, Spurr, E. W., Saurps, Dr. Enwarp H., Seuire, Esen H. P., Srarrorp, WILLIAM FREDERICK, Srarrorp, Mrs. WiLtttam FREDERICK, Sranton, Frank McMitian, Sranton, JoHN R.,, Sraptes, Mrs. Joun J., Srarr, Louis Morris, Srearns, Louis, Srepsins, James H., SreeLe, Mrs. CuHartes, Srrrers, J. Ricu, Stern, Mrs. Arexis W., STEINBECK, MDWARD, STEINMETZ, JOHN A,, STEPHENS, O1in J.,, STEPHENS, Roperick, SrEvENS, ALEXANDER H., Srevens, Freperic W., Stevens, Oscar E., Srevens, RicHarp, Stevens, Mrs. Ricuarp, Srewart, Mrs. Percy Hamirton, Srewart, Wiiiiam R., * DECEASED. 32 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Srickets, Enwarp H., TENNEY, C:, Hi, Srittman, Mrs. C. C., Tenney, DanteEt G., STILLMAN, CHAUNCEY, Terry, Mrs. Joun T., STILLMAN, JAMES A., Terry, Jr., Roperick, Siimson, Mrs. Freperic, Terry, WYLLYs, Stimson, Dr. Danirt M., Tuacuer, ARCHIBALD G., SrockMANN, Miss Marr F. C., Tracuer, Mrs. Grorce W., Strokes, JAMES, THacuer, THomas, Sronre, Miss ANNIE, Tuaw, J. C., Stone, Miss ELLen J,, Turayer, Harry Bares, Strout, Joseru S., Tuomas, Mrs. Howarp L., Strout, ANDREW V., Tuomas, JR., SetTH E., Stow, Gerorce G., Tuome, Cuas. STocKToN, Srraicur, WiILiarp, Tuomrson, Frarrineton M., Srrance, A. B., Tuompson, Mrs. J. TopHunter, Strauss, ALBERT, Turomeson, Witit1am Boyce, Srrauss, CHARLES, Tomson, Giraup F., Srrauss, FREDERICK, Tomson, Dr. Witt1am Hanna, Straus, H. Grant, TuorLey, CHARLES, Srraus, Percy S., TuorNneE, Crartes Stock TON, STREAT, JAMES, Tuorne, Mrs. Epwin, Street, W. A., THORNE, JONATHAN, Srrone, Jr., BENJAMIN, Tuorne, Mrs. JoNATHAN, Strone, Ricuarp A., Txoorneé, Mrs. SamvueEt, Strronc, THeron G., TuorneE, Mrs. W..V. S., Srroock, JOSEPH, THORNE, W. Vic iS: Srroocx, Louis S., Tuurser, H. F., Sruart, Roserr, Tierney, Mytes J., Srurces, Mrs. E. C., Tiers, Mrs. ALexanver H., Srurces, Henry C., Tirrany, Louts C., Sucx.iey, Mrs. R. B., Tittr, ALBERT, Suitiivan, Mrs. James, Titton, Joserpu W., Sutro, Lionet, Timken, J. Henry, Suypam, Jr., LAMBERT, TiImMMERMANN, Henry G., Swan, James A., Timpson, JAMES, Swanson, Dr. F. J., Tsaver, Ricuarp, Swenson, S. A., Top, J. Kenneppy, Sworps, Wm. Vooruis, “Topp, Ele Ele, Taper, Miss Mary, Topp, Water B., Tazor, F. H., Toxrer, Mrs. Virernta W., Tart, Henry W., Tomsy, BorGrexpt, Tarr, Witt1am Howarp, Tonneui Mrs. Joun N., Tac, ALBERT, TownsEeND, Miss Amy C., Tater, Enwarp N., TownsenpD, Mrs. E. M., *Tarcorr, JAMES, TownsEND, Epwin S., Tautmace, Mrs. E. T. H., TowNsEeNnD, Howarp, Taztmace, Mrs. THomas Hunt, TowNsEND, Isaac, TANENBAUM, Moses, Trivsie, Mrs. Ricwarp, TaTHAM, CHARLES, TrorscHer, A. F., Taussic, Noau W., TrowpgrivGe, Frepertck K., Taytor, Mrs. Henry Osporn, Tucker, Mrs Aenes J., Tayztor, Henry R., Tucker, Cart, Taytor, James B., TuckERMAN, ALFRED, Taytor, Lioyn, TuckERMAN, Pauvt, Taytor, Mosts, TURNBULL, ARTHUR, Taytor, Roserr C., Turnsutt, Mrs. Ramsay, Taytor, Wiitiiam A., TURNBULL, Wo., Taytor, Wm. R. K., Turnoure, Grorce E., * DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 33 Tuska, BENJAMIN, Twerp, Mrs. Cuartes H., Twinine, KE. S., Unt, Oswatp W., Unpverwoop, Wiriiam Lyman, Upmann, Cart, VALENTINE, Mrs. Patrick A., VALENTINE, Dr. Witu1am A.., Van Bevren, Jr., Frepericx T., Van CortLanpt, AUGUSTUS, Van ver Hooer, Mrs. C. W., VANDERGRIFT, S. H., VANDERLIP, FRANK A., VANDERPOEL, AmproseE E., VanpDeRPOEL, Mrs. JouHn A., VAN DER SmIssEN, Dr. G. J., Van Dyke, R. B., *Van Emporen, D. B., Van Gersic, Barenp, Van Incen, Mrs. Epwarp, Van Incen, Mrs. E. H., Van Norven, Orromar H., Van Nostranp, B. T., Van SINDEREN, Howarp, Van Stycx, Georce W., Van Winkie, Encar B., Varian, Witsur L., Varian, Mrs. Wirsur L., Vernay, Artruur S., Vernon, Mrs. CarHerineE D., Vesper, Kart H., Vietor, Tuomas F., Vitta, ALFonso P., VINCENT, Frank, Vircin, Dr. Freveric O., Vocet, Herman, von Bernoutu, Jr., Frirz, von Dreete, Wm. H., von GontarD, Mrs. ALEXANDER, von LENGERKE, JUSTUS, von Zepritz, Mrs. Anna M., Vuitteumier, Dr. Jutts A., Wacstarr, Mrs. ALrrep, Wacstarr, C. DuBots, Wainwricut, Mrs. J. Howarn, Watcort, Freperic C., Watpo, R., Waters, Epwarp H., Waker, Bryant, Waker, E. B., Watker, Gustavus A., Warxer, Dr. Jonn B., WaALkeR, JRr., JOSEPH, Water, STEWART, WoauiersteIn Dr. Max, WatsH, Samvuet A., Watrer, Enear, Water, Martin, Watnty, A. R., Warsoure, Paut M., Warp, ArTEMAS, Warp, Mrs. Grorce Canor, Warpner, Henry STEELE, WaRDWELL, ALLEN, Warren, Mrs. J. Hosart, Warren, Luoyp, WasuBpurn, Tomas G., WasHBurRN, Wm. Ives, WarverBury, JoHN L., Warersury, Miss, Watson, Cuartes F., Watson, TnHomas J., Wart, THomas L., Wearuersee, Mrs. Enywin H., Wess, Mrs. ALEXANDER S., Wess, F. Ecrrron, Wess, J. Griswo1p, Wess, Mrs. Wittt1am Sewarp, WeeExs, JAMEs, WEeEEKs, JoHN E., Weicte, Cuarurs H., Wein, Ricwarp, Wernic, Bernarp, Were, Mrs. C. Gouverneur, WEITLING, WiLt11am W., WELLs, OLiver J., Wetsu, Mrs. S. Cuarres, Werner, C. H., WEssEL, J. HENRY, WeEssELL, Artruour L., West, Dr. Wm., Westover, M. F., Wermore, Epmunp, Woueeter, Watter S., Wuertock, Mrs. G. G.,, Wuite, A. M., Wuite, Haro T., Wuire, Horace, Wuite, Leonarp D., Wurre, Mrs. Sranrorp, WuitenouseE, J. Henry, W uitenouse, Norman, Wuirenovuse, Wiriiam F., Wuitine, Dr. Cuartes A., Wuitinc, Miss Grertrupe, WHITMAN, CLARENCE, WHitrmMan, JR., WILLIAM, Wurrney, Ricuarp, Wuirrince, F. W., Wreore, F. B., WickersHAM, Grorce W., WiccieswortH, Henry, Wiixins, F. H., Witicox, Wm. G., Witirams, Arex. S., WiiiraMs, ArrHur, * DECEASED. 34 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY WiiiaMms, C. S., Woop, J. Watter, Wixtiiams, Davin, Woop, Witt1am Conepon, WititaMs, Georce L., Woopuovuse Company, J. S., Wirirams, Mrs. Percy H., Wooprurr, Apert C., WitiiaMs, Jr., Ricuarp H., Woopwarp, Kennetu N., Wirtitams, WaLpron, Woopwarp, Mrs. WILi1aM, Witirams, WILLIAM, Woottey, C. M., Wituams, Wittiam H., Worcester, WILFRED J., Wirirsmson, Mrs. Burter, Work, Berrram G., Wius, W. P., Work, J. Henry, Wixurston, James R., *Worralt, P. B., Witson, James Goprrey, Worttey, R. M. Srvarrt, Witson, M. Orme, Wricut, Hat, Wineate, Geo. W., Wricut, J. Dunsar, WINTER, JULIUS, Wycxorr, Dr. Peter Brown, WinterrotH, Mag. E. J., Wycxorr, Mrs. Peter Brown, Winturop, Jr., Ecerron L.., Younec, A. Murray, WIsNER, CHARLES, *7 ABRISKIE, ANDREW C., Wirnerseez, Franx S., Zaspriski£E, Miss Eruen, *Wirrnaus, Dr. Rupoteu A., ZENTGRAF, Rev. GrorcE J., WItTMANN, JOSEPH, ZINN, GEORGE, Wotrr, Artuur D., ZiINsseR, AUGUST, Wotrr, Emin, Zinsser, Mrs. Aveust, Woop, ARNOLD, ZINSSER, JR., AUGUST, Woop, GiLpert Conepon, ZOLLER, CHARLES, Corresponding Members Gitrepper, T. P., LrSover, W. H. Duntiey, GILLESPIE, “I H., Miztwarp, Russert Hastines, Jounston, Sir Harry H., Srurtevant, Lieut. C. G., Tyrwuirr-DrakeE, G., * DECEASED. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 35 Summary of Membership GReTACGLOIS Mies eee AE ptt ee es eee ee aE ae 6 QU CLE Se L aes GX TC LULU xy eee ee eer ne een ae 13 /ENSISCOVRE REY LEROY ECG Vey ee pem tig2 e aP RT ne ete en en CONN 4 LES riya y OAS hs cS Oe Ta a ge Reel oe Sn See tare TS rt eect oS WP Te EID OLS tee. as ae es ees So Dh og eee . VEEL LONG ae a ae ae a Ec oeian, PN he pore iene Et See Peers 34. SORTA UY ci) MeAV LE TERE TS peer cae eh cen ed Ue oa lg ae ee oes ee he a dea POUL Honorary and Corresponding Members... pA ie Bee ie ¥ nea 15 Oualifiations for Regular Membership Annual Members 2S 10 Associate Founders ............ -..p 2.500 Whee AVLeMiperS. -- 200 Hounders Se pret no 5,000 GR OMS sees see 1,000 Founders in Perpetuity....... . 10,000 Form of Beyuest I do hereby give and bequeath to the “NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL MID eu OiMEILCKOLEY (Op RIN ClO LORI CS tose ot fu. ee I Bs UAad VUIS ASUNVdVE REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. THE Executive Committee respectfully submit the following report to the Board of Managers for the year 1916: The Committee regret to announce the death on December 15, 1916, of Mr. H. Casimir deRham, a member of the Board of Managers since 1899 and an Associate Founder. Mr. deRham was one of the early representatives of the Boone and Crockett Club on the Board and was greatly interested in the National Collection of Heads and Horns, to which he contributed very liberally. The Committee also report with regret the death of Mr. James J. Hill, on May 29, 1916. Mr. Hill was a Founder in Per- petuity, and a member of the Board of Managers since 1902. Resolutions passed on the occasion of the deaths of the above Managers appear at the end of this report. Mr. Edmund C. Converse was elected to the Board of Man- agers on April 13, 1916, to fill the vacancy in the Class of 1918, caused by the death of the late Samuel Thorne. Mr. A. Barton Hepburn was elected to the Board of Man- agers on September 26, 1916, to fill the vacancy in the Class of 1917, caused by the death of the late James J. Hill. MEMBERS. During the past year 193 new members have been added to the Society: 176 Annual Members, 13 Life Members, and 4 Fel- lows. Resignations and deaths, however, offset this gain, so that the total membership shows but a slight increase over the pre- vious year. The membership as of January 1, 1917, is as follows: IBENeTACLORS Me mete tek ne ee ee 6 Pounders in Rerpetuity 2 2-2 ok. 13 38 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OUNGOTS: eee ee ee eee 19 Associate Founders ree 4 PAtGROnS> 2. PR Whi s ee es 33 Lite’ Members: 2.3... Te esr) eee 302 HeWOWSier eae PE Ch ewe 34 Annual: Members.) ee ee OL Honorary and Corresponding Members 15 Doel ATTENDANCE. The attendance at the Park and the Aquarium for 1916, as compared with 1915, has been as follows: Park Aquarium NOM Gos ae ee 1,656,820 1,499,667 OS eee ae 1,780,077 1,538,831 The decrease at the Aquarium is primarily due to the con- tinuance of war conditions which has affected all activities along the water front. Special and adverse conditions occurred during the past year, by reason of the car strike on the surface lines, and more particularly, because of the epidemic of infantile par- alysis, which, of course, greatly diminished the attendance of children at the Zoological Park. COLLECTIONS AT THE PARK. A census of the animals in the Zoological Park, compiled January 1, 1917, is as follows: January 1, 1916 January 1, 1917 Species Specimens Species Specimens Mammals ......... iv uel 636 207 617 Birdsgck 22 tet Ole 2Hteo 816 2,788 Reptiles and Am- phibians . a, 791 98 782 1,181 4,200 Tal 4,187 The health of the collections on the whole continues to be TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 39 very satisfactory, and the only serious loss during the year was the unexpected death of the West African giraffe. The Loring Expedition returned from Africa, having estab- lished important connections which will result in our securing many valuable animals in the future from that continent. This expedition enriched the collections at the Park by the addition of the following: Species Specimens aman eee Cee oe 13 26 SIG Ske ae re ae. Pas 58 Repth 2 eo ae eee ee 14 95 52 179 The most important event of the year in this department was the purchase of a collection of marsupials and other animals and birds from Australia, including the following: pr. Sloth Bears. pr. Wombats and young. pr. Parry Kangaroos. pr. Walaroos. pr. Red Kangaroos. pr. Agile Wallabies. Himalayan Bear. pr. Ibis. Wedgetailed Eagles. Frilled Lizards. Laughing Jackasses. Thicknee. Brush Turkeys. Mallee Hen. — SS °° DD DD 0D OO Ot Crimson Wing. pr. Tasmanian Devils. pr. Black Swamp Wallabies. Tree Climbing Kangaroos. pr. Rock Wallabies. pr. Island Kangaroos. pr. Grey Phalangers. Flying Phalangers. Cape Hyrax. Water Dragons. Bar-shouldered Doves. Crested Pigeons. Bronzewing Pigeons. Diamond Doves. King Parrots. Princess Alexandra Parakeet. Rosellas. Pale-headed Rosellas. Plovers. Vasa Parrots. Shrike. Bowerbird. Magpies. Brush Bronzewing Pigeon. Giant Petrel. Black Swans. White-winged Choughs. Long-necked Tortoises. HH OOH HWW SE WHM WURDE WOH WW Wr Wonga-Wonga Pigeons. Peaceful Doves. Fraser’s Lorikeet. pr. “Kea Parrots. These animals were brought by Mr. Ellis Joseph directly from the Antipodes, and arrangements have been made with Mr. Joseph for similar shipments. Never before has so complete a collection of marsupials been placed on exhibition in this country. A large collection of birds, including 216 pheasants, repre- senting 15 species was presented by Col. Anthony R. Kuser. 40 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY The return of the Tropical Research Expedition to British Guiana under Mr. William Beebe increased our collections by the following: Specimens Mammals: (A Set eee eee gh Sort ReDUUCS = eee 2k ae ee ee — 1 Ll RSCG: etn ee, nk en eee Bins 1633 Mr. Raymond L. Ditmars, Curator of Reptiles at the Zoo- logical Park, returned from an expedition to South Carolina, during the latter part of May with 560 specimens, representing 40 species of reptiles and amphibians. COLLECTIONS AT THE AQUARIUM. A census of the exhibits at the Aquarium taken January 1, 1917, shows the following results: January 1, 1916 January 15 1917 Species Specimens Species Specimens Fishes 3c cee en 140 3,186 149 4,196 Reptiles 2a 2B 95 19 123 Amphibians. e-= 2 14 166 8 365 Invertebrates ........... 21 2,238 PALL 1,306 Mammals... 2 3 2 2 200 5,688 199 5,992 The collections have continued in excellent condition and all exhibition space is filled to its utmost capacity. The construc- tion of a large number of new tanks with increased depth has added greatly to the capacity of the building and to the interest of the exhibits. The principal additions during the year were about 1,000 tropical fishes from Florida, five porpoises, an eight-foot shark, and a manatee from the Amazon. The porpoises and shark died during the year, but the manatee is living and is in excellent condition. The collection of tropical fishes is an unusually fine one. The only serious loss during the year was a collection of fishes secured in the Bahama Islands, which was destroyed dur- ing a hurricane in July. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Al Mr. Chapman Grant resigned during the year and re-entered the United States Army. An application for $90,000 for needed alterations to the Aquarium, was made to the Board of Estimate and Apportion- ment, but owing to the financial condition of the City there is no possibility of favorable action within the next few years. The proposed alterations provide for the transfer of the ma- chinery from its present unsanitary quarters to the basement under what is now the front entrance. This would put our engi- neers in dry and safe quarters, instead of their present exposure to high tides which sometimes rise 18 inches in the fire room, requiring our men to stand in water while at work, and threat- ening to extinguish the fires. The space made vacant by the removal of the machinery will be utilized for the installation of new and deep tanks, adding nearly 20% to the exhibition space of the Aquarium building. A new story will be added to the front of the building, which will be devoted to administration and scientific work. The success of the tanks, already deepened, indicate that these comparatively economical alterations (cost- ing less than $100,000), would greatly add to the sanitary con- ditions of the present building and to the great increase in the number and attractiveness of the exhibits. . MAINTENANCE. The sum of $197,074.35 was provided by the City for the maintenance of the Zoological Park for the year 1916, being $3,000 less than the maintenance for the preceding year. This amount was insufficient for the proper upkeep of the Park. Al- though the year closed without a deficit in this fund, it was accomplished only by taking from the Animal Fund nearly $10,- 000, which was absolutely required for repairs to buildings. After strenuous protest by the Society, the appropriation for 1917 was somewhat increased, and the sum of $199,560 was provided. This amount does not and cannot provide an allow- ance for repairs, which are yearly becoming an increasing bur- den. It also makes no provision for the 10% increase in the pay of the low-salaried employees to correspond with the increase granted by the City in their other departments. The Society feels that its employees have been discriminated against by the City in this failure to recognize the increased Pot ukeane e ARERSCLR CE SEGRE FAL e PRIEES LT SER neaaee CHEE! GE SU SIS TEESE LQEKOS HOHE) OY Poa 2 CARR Res (eee as FeTR sie SG eG taneen tae a4 le" aoets Pes ee a wwe tee “tees Bae (eee ee SpebaGed eases Hees) eee ie eG kRe acer Picecancaie x AGH (S00 46 S580! oraee. 60642601 wow eevee evere sores las ee. et me a eae hers aboeaaaze Sears BESnR EM » £ESS2 exsee hake dm Re OF * * anaes ae seen scene ee aEeeee oeeees’ Baneseeraee® cance ene etre yt yr See Shenene ERRLORER EDS Sabah eR ESeese rere tr TT Seeecgare % ~ % ® % a: ce om rs * es * = 98 sreeneeee eneee \ Staseses* | oases tages se: eee ee: “ cseeseean en ee sa coi peaeaneeee te au ‘oe a * : : reser aeeehers pereer ey oa be bere rs) peeerers reece breere tty “ee ieee ste pene mai stusilas leeeaee Fernetecisis> ener erpeeeters ths pbs eS EOFS ETS. eereorss F ce 4 Roe. Taaceer © POBSE CLES ER Few es. 5 SSECesrenere 2 on SOO CHE w ON Oe SOSCEs 660 8T HOR EH « SBEOES OEE LE BOSERE C8G Oe Ae eee SEOSEE F458: 64 One SOERERES toc e ks bee He + eee 6 SEREESSES F982 4s PEK eH! He BES SCRECESE ORORES 86824 OF KORE 5 Ow FES SPEREELE PO SCED HOBIE EERE TEE en 2 PEEPS EDF ORE BE OBES O 4444444244 eee SED IDEDED # OEE POLE DEBE E (AMEE Ee EEG LAREN PLES MOR & LiL ALE SER OOH EH HH POLES AOR ER EREEHR 8 Tt PERE DSRS EES ERPS SERRE ER ERO 8 ar > ~ ie 108 nae BES es hem ees CSE AES owe oaes at <2 6 Real ete Preeer Seed # CAES SS Rew Seeees sone eswe Le So oe CEEOe HERR KEE ratte panes ons edrpeee ak ee aa at ES CL ERSe LO REED He eh Sasa . SESE PES CORT REY SSS IER REESE D LESS LSS tee. ee SERRE COR RR tee ae ae <8 eae Ri A te Bbaee Sane ex 2eeen sense ee Te ee BS Fadictnediesiol ieee wes OER CHT ® elicdindieation ct 2 See Shee swe S2EES COREE ES: EE LES Re Les Cee SOR RE, OSES Eee aaa LEAT PS ao eRe eS PSSERS |S REEH: LS LR he ee C8s PS ESOS heOeHe RISE TEE RRS BML LEER BELGE: ARORE TOBE. SS SSS SOROS £9RSR- Piette tee SORES: SERSEOSewae SFR Ss SEDER: HRTER: SELRSR: SHRER? SOBESH OH © ESS e! CECE SE SOSOM? CFOS . 12 39 Charadriiformes, Plovers and Sandpipers 8 14 Gruiformes, Cranes, Seriemas, etc. 9 24 Ardeiformes, Ibises, Storks and IGrONS(S 6 oe re ee 26 66 Palamedeiformes, Screamers __. Panda hens 2, 3 Phoenicopteriformes, HlamiMe oes 2.4 es 2 3 Anseriformes, Swans, Geese and Ducks 67 637 Pelecaniformes, Cormorants and Pelicans 8 20 Cathartidiformes, New World Vultures _. i LLY Accipitriformes, Hawks and Eagles; Old World Vultunes = 17 32 Strigiformes, Owl Sie es. eee Pe it2, 2, Psittaciformes, Parrots, Macaws and Cockatooss = - 58 145 Coraciiformes, Kingfishers, Hornbills, etea Se et ebeige. Aas 2, 8 Cuculiformes, Touracos and Cuckoos _. 3 8 Scansoriformes, Barbets and Toucans _. 9 it Piciformes, Woodpeckers... 5 17 Passeriformes, Thrushes, Sparrows and other Perching Birds 439 1173 816 2788 Summary: Orders, 27; Species, 816; Specimens, 2,788. CARPET PYTHON TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 87 DEPARTMENT OF REPTILES. Raymond L. Ditmars, Curator; Charles E. Snyder, Head Keeper. An important event, of the past year, in this department, was the Curator’s collecting trip, which very fully filled the gaps in the collections of the Reptile House. We had experienced much difficulty in maintaining the collections at a high standard, owing to war conditions and the consequent lack of Old World specimens. The expedition to South Carolina for reptiles resulted in the capture of over 560 specimens, representing over 40 species, as follows: Crocodilia, 1 species; turtles and tortoises, 7 species; lizards, 7 species; serpents, 19 species; amphibians, 9 species. The collection of snakes was particularly noteworthy. De- ducting the weight of the crates shipped north, the weight in captive serpents was over a quarter of a ton—530 pounds. Fine examples of the cane-brake rattlesnake and many huge speci- mens of the ‘“‘cotton-mouth” snake, or moccasin, were collected. There was a very complete series of the several species and sub- species of the brightly colored, non-venomous water snakes— some of very large size. One large alligator and a number of small ones were shipped to the Park. The time consumed in this trip was from April 23, to May 10. The Curator and his assistant, Keeper George Palmer, of the Reptile House Staff, worked through various kinds of sub-tropical country, embracing large areas of cypress swamp, hammocks, savannahs and pine woods, all in Jasper County, South Carolina. The Zoological Society Bulletin has already published several articles from observations made dur- ing the trip. After fifteen years of caring for snakes of various types, and always with a large and representative series of the poison- ous species, the first accident from a venomous serpent occurred in the Reptile House on the morning of January 27, of the past year. While cleaning one of the easterly cages, Keeper John Toomey was bitten on the right thumb by a large and particu- larly savage Texas diamond-back rattlesnake. Our men are well versed in first-aid treatment for snake- bite, and Senior Keeper Snyder at once sucked the wounds. A ligature was immediately applied and the Society’s physician, Dr. Gilbert Van der Smissen, quickly arrived and injected Dr. 48 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Calmette’s anti-venomous serum. We were fortunate soon after in obtaining tubes of the specific rattlesnake serum, produced by Dr. Vital Brazil, at the Instituto Serum-Therapico, in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Keeper Toomey was removed to the German Hos- pital, where under the skillful treatment of Doctors Semken and Van der Smissen he entirely recovered. He has now completely regained the use of his hand. A detailed account of the treat- ment in this case appears in the May number of the Society’s Bulletin. During the year the department suffered a number of minor losses from an epidemic of parasites that attacked the smaller snakes, causing fatal skin eruptions. Much cleansing, fumigat- ing and disinfecting were necessary in eliminating the pests. A serious loss occurred during the past December, in the death of one of the two large pythons that had been occupying the largest central cage for a period of ten years. By special request, the body of this fine specimen was presented to the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, for exhibition in their Museum at Lafayette Square, Buffalo, New York. The department has contributed much material during the year to the American Museum of Natural History. Living mate- rial was sent to the Museum for study and final casting for a Florida habitat group. All of this material came from our south- ern collecting trip. The year’s scientific and general work of the department, aside from the care of the collections, embraced the preparation of various articles in the Bulletin, lectures to school children, both at public schools and in the Park, and motion picture prep- aration and exhibition before the Children’s Auxiliary of the New York Zoological Society, and other occasions. Parts of the Society’s forthcoming book on the care of captive animals were brought up to date, and much work was done in tabulating and perfecting the system of card indexes relating to the longevity and disposition of specimens. During March, the series of panoramic backgrounds in the large snake cages was completed. This work was done by Mr. E. A. Costain, in charge of the Park nurseries. The most important accession was the series of reptiles col- lected in South Carolina. The year’s purchases included but few costly specimens. The more important were as follows: 48 tor- TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 89 toises; 2 Australian monitors; 5 Turk Islands iguanas; 6 Suri- nam amievas; 1 small African crocodile; a series of Australian poisonous snakes, including 5 purple death adders; 2 brown snakes; 3 tiger snakes, and 7 carpet snakes; 1 South American bushmaster; 1 green boomslange, (South Africa); 5 brown boomslange; 1 Cape cobra; 29 puff adders, and 30 mole snakes. All the South African specimens were brought to America by Mr. J. Alden Loring. Among the more important gifts received during 1916 were the following: A series of the representative poisonous snakes of Brazil, presented by Dr. Vital Brazil, Director of the Insti- tuto Serum-Therapico, at Sao Paulo; a collection of timber rat- tlesnakes, copperhead snakes, also non-venomous snakes, pre- sented by A. L. Gillam and E. L. Bell; and a collection of Florida reptiles, presented by Messrs. Gillam and Bell. From Kalacoon, the Society’s Zoological Station in South America, in charge of Curator Beebe, the department received a series of turtles, lizards, snakes and amphibians. The following is a census of the collection of reptiles and amphibians compiled on December 31, 1916: Species Specimens SROLGU Pia wee eet eT ee 5 69 (Chelona tee te 284) 158 WACCEIiliciee ates oo eee eee 20 55 Opliidhiayye eo Meee As 49 266 PRT OVA See ee ge 35 234 BS QireNly ees bee ers cre 138 782 SUMMARY OF COLLECTIONS. A census of the animals in the Zoological Park, taken Janu- ary 1, 1917, is as follows: Species Specimens ADU carina Fea Seen ce 207 617 IS IROSe ee ee Tone Ae 816 2,788 Reptiles and Amphibians 98 782 DEMONSTRATION OF AN ELEPHANT’S STRENGTH By standing on the lowest rail of the fence, the elephant was able to place his head under the top rail and bend it as shown in the picture. ———————— TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 91 GROUND IMPROVEMENT AND MAINTENANCE WORK OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND CONSTRUCTION. Hermann W. Merkel, Chief Constructor and Forester; Ek. H. Costain, Assistant Forester; Paving Wild-Fowl Pond.—The first work undertaken through the Ground Improvement Fund, was the completion of the grading and paving of the bottom of the Wild-Fowl Pond. After excavating over 200 cubic yards of soft black mud which necessitated much laborious and costly hand work, the bottom of this pond was bedded with 1,000 cubic yards of earth fill and stone, in order to provide a firm and even foundation upon which to lay concrete. Nearly 450 cubic yards of reinforced concrete were then laid upon this bed. Owing to adverse conditions en- countered on this work, and the failure of the City to provide the entire amount asked, the sum of $750 was expended from the Improvement and Repair Fund, making the total cost of this work, $3,750. Even this sum did not permit us to pave the entire pond, but the bottom is now cleanable. The water can be drained off, annually, and the bottom will be thoroughly scrubbed. By this means further epidemics among the wild- fowl] will be avoided. Paving Around New Hospital Building.—Around the new Hospital Building, there have been laid approximately, 3,000 cubic feet of concrete in the form of pavement and retaining walls, and 1,644 square feet of tar-macadam. Of course, all paving has been laid upon a Telford foundation. This makes it possible to keep the surroundings of the Hospital Building perfectly clean and sanitary. In the building itself, the floors of several of the interior cages were re-surfaced in order to provide the proper drainage. Some difficulty was experienced with the steam-heating contractor, but after a long delay the building is now in first class condition. IMPROVEMENT AND REPAIR FUND. (Taken out of the fund for the purchase of animals.) Repairs, Walks and Roads.—As in past years, walk repair- ing was the largest item drawn from this fund. Over 45,000 square feet of walks and roads were re-surfaced. The favored 92 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY areas being a section of the Service Road, the plaza at Boston Road Entrance, the West Farms Block, the Pheasant Aviary Walk, a portion of Baird Court, and the Service Yards. - At the Boat House, where the approach never had been put in really good condition, and had become unsightly by the fact that the railings bordering the roadways were battered and broken by teams and automobiles, a long front of strong con- crete coping was built. It is constructed on the same lines as that surrounding the plot between Boston Road, 180th Street, and the Bronx River. It is about 300 feet long, and contains two pedestals upon which cast-iron lamp posts have been set. It gives the Boat House a finished look, and thoroughly protects the lawn and plantings from any further damage by vehicles. The expenditures for this coping and for the walk repairs amounted to $2,039.97. Tree Pruning.—Owing to the urgent demand for work in the pruning of dead limbs, and the cleaning and treatment of cavities, it was necessary to increase our small force of tree pruners by several additional men. Efforts in this line were concentrated upon certain sections of the Park, where they were most needed, and these sections, as for instance, Bird Valley, the portions adjacent to the Jungle Walk and Beaver Valley, were greatly improved. The cost of this to the Improvement and Repair Fund was $650. Small Mammal House Repairs.—The condition of the inte- rior cages on the west side of this building had become so bad that it was necessary to remove and rebuild the entire series, on improved plans. After the general requirements for these cages had been obtained from the Mammal Department, Mr. De Wellworth, in charge of the ironworkers, made detailed plans for this work, under the direction of Mr. Merkel. The new plans did away with all woodwork, substituting therefor floors of concrete and Tileine and roofs of glass and steel. All cage partitions and ends were supplied with sanitary bases, and were carefully waterproofed. All pockets or recesses in which dirt might accumulate were eliminated. The iron framework was simplified, and the design of the wirework so changed that all surfaces are accessible for cleaning and paint- ing. Reinforced concrete gutters were substituted for the un- sightly and unsanitary lead-lined iron gutters. The many de- mands of the great variety of animals of various sizes and habits TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 93 and degrees of destructiveness were carefully considered, and met as far as possible. The tops of the cages were sloped to facilitate cleaning, and built of sheet iron and heavy corrugated glass, making the entire upper tier much lighter than before. Each cage was supplied with a triangular sleeping box that can be removed for cleaning purposes, and while these of neces- sity were made of wood, they were reinforced on all exposed edges and corners by heavy strips of sheet metal, to prevent their destruction by the teeth and claws of the animals. These rebuilt cages, fifty-eight in number, are a vast im- provement in appearance and comfort, as well as from a sanitary point of view. With proper care, they should last as long as the building itself. It is expected that early in 1917, work will be commenced on the eighteen larger cages on the east side, so as to finish them before the busy season commences. The cost of the work in the Mammal House during 1916 was $1,880.32. Elephant House Wire-Guards.—To prevent visitors from throwing food, etc., into the stalls, and also to prevent possible injuries to visitors by the animals, a high guard of wire netting was erected above the railing in front of the stalls of the rhin- oceros and the African elephants. The cost of the work was $100. West Roof, Reptile House-—The western section of the roof of the Reptile House developed leaks and became somewhat dangerous on account of dry rot in the wooden rafters. This was due in part to faulty construction, and in part to the ex- cessive amount of moisture from the evaporation of the water in the Conservatory and the Alligator Pool. The very large metal skylight, and the decayed rafters, roofing, and interior sheathing were removed and rebuilt in a better manner, and the slate laid upon a foundation of heavy bituminous paper. Snow guards were also installed in order to prevent the breaking of the glass of the Conservatory by the avalanches of heavy snow and ice, which have sometimes occurred after extra heavy snow- falls in previous winters. Concrete Piers and Floor for Large Shelter Pavilion—The large Shelter Pavilion near the Wolf and Fox Dens had been thrown out of line by the forces of the elements, and owing to the decay of the post bases and heavy floor sills had become dangerous. To make the foundation floor of this building more 94 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY permanent in character, all of the outer bearing sills were re- moved, and solid concrete foundations were substituted. The piers were raised above the floor level to prevent the further decay of the posts that support the roof. In the fall, when the building was free from visitors, all of the flooring, floor beams and heavy interior sills were removed, and the soda fountain and other equipment located in the south end of the building were taken down and stored. Under this end of the building, the earth and rock were excavated to allow for a basement for gas, water and sewer pipes. During the winter the foundation was filled in with ashes to support the new concrete floor. Early in the spring the new floor will be laid, and it is expected to have this building ready for occupancy early in the summer. The cost of this improvement during 1916 was $568.44, and it is ex- pected that the remaining balance will be sufficient to finish the work. Concrete Benches.—During the cold months at the begin- ning of 1916, thirty-four concrete benches were made. Nearly all of these were used on the new Boat House platform. As many of the older series of iron and wood benches have been broken up, and as many more are rapidly becoming useless, it will be necessary to make about fifty concrete benches every year in order to supply sufficient seating capacity. East Side Improvements.—On account of the changes in the state of labor market, the arrangement made with the N. Y. Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor did not work out as well as was expected. Instead of obtaining from them the usual number of unemployed men that have come to us during the previous year, the men sent to us chiefly were convalescents, and unable to do the hard, laborious work neces- sary in the making of permanent improvements. These men were employed in the nursery, in lawn-mowing, raking, cutting brush, and in general cleaning. In thus distributing this labor, we were enabled to maintain the portion of the Park east of the Boston Road in a more perfect state than ever before. Guard Wires.—As in former years, the many miles of wire guards and railings required a large amount of repair and re- placement work; and this was paid for out of the Improvement and Repair Fund. Musk-Ox Fences.—The condition of the fences at the Musk- Ox Corrals, and the increasing strength and destructiveness of TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 95 the musk-ox bulls made it necessary to rebuild three of the parti- tions and a portion of the front. These fences were made in accordance with our heavy partition fence design, with three- inch tee posts and three-inch heavy horizontal tee bars, sur- mounted by the ordinary wire fence. A heavy concrete retain- ing wall and coping was built along the westerly side of these corrals, and new gates of extra strong construction were furnished. Pipe Line to the Boat House.—A new three-inch lead water- main was installed at the Boat House, to take the place of the iron main that was very much corroded and liable to fail at any time. This necessitated extensive excavation work across the Boston Road pavement, the sidewalk, and the main Park walk west of the Boat House. New Garage.—In order to provide a long-needed storage place for automobiles, a very simple garage was built in the second portion of the Service Yard, just north of the Workshop building. Unfortunately, the funds that were available did not permit the erection of a building sufficiently large to take care of future developments in the Park’s motor service. The build- ing that was erected has proven to be a great relief from very bad conditions. The garage is 21’ 4” x 58’ in size, of brick and concrete construction, and conforms with the rigid demands of the Fire and Building Departments. Storage Shed.—Utterly insufficient storage facilities com- pelled the erection of a brick storage shed 26’ 6” x 75’ 7%” in size, north of and parallel with the Workshop building. In construction this is similar to the Garage that adjoins that build- ing on the east. Only the concrete foundations were put up before the ending of the year, but with fairly good weather the building should be completed by April 1, 1917. Through this effort, dry storage for lumber, steel, iron, cement, plaster, paints and oils will be provided. MAINTENANCE WORK. The usual work in the general maintenance of buildings and other Park installations, and in the care of lawns, gardens, trees and shrubs, walks and roads, was carried on as usual throughout the year; at times taxing the resources of this De- IMPROVING WILD-FOWL POND d off. ine n mud was left after the water was dra A sea of thi IMPROVING WILD-FOWL POND e were dug outand e arted away. The bottom was then paved, 1 mud and refus iquic Thel TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Sif partment to its utmost, as for instance during the heavy snow- falls that occurred last winter. Of special importance may be mentioned the connecting of our two largest water-mains with the high pressure main on Southern Boulevard. This was demanded by a change made by the Water Department, which at once produced extremely low pressure in the large main from which we were taking the water. For some time this not only caused an actual water famine throughout the Park, but compelled us to close some of the com- fort stations. Another important task performed by our plumbing force was the replacement of all of the water pipes in the Primate House. The most important tasks of the iron workers were, the replacement of the netting of the Lion House cages, repairs to the outside Primate House cages, to the Buffalo, Asiatic Deer, Elk, and Hangul Deer fences, and a great deal of work around the Small Deer and Antelope House yards. A hot-water supply system was installed at the Service Building. Owing to the breakdown of the old boiler at the Small Mam- mal House, a new boiler of the improved type produced in recent years was set up and connected with the system. This work was carried on day and night until completed. A number of ozonators were placed in various animal build- ings with excellent results. Extensive carpenter work was done at the Boat House dock in setting forms for concrete, rebuilding the flight of steps from the Boat House to the landing, and the setting of concrete benches. At the Nursery, plant benches were installed in the old greenhouse, nearly doubling our capacity for raising bedding plants. During the year, the policing of the Park was unusually effi- cient. With the help of a force of detectives and extra men fur- nished by Captain Ivers of the 68th Precinct, the Park has been kept in a very orderly and clean condition. The summons system 98 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY and a Special Court day for violations of park ordinances, has worked out exceedingly well. The number of arrests and con- victions by our own force of special officers was about one hun- dred twenty-five. Among the items of work that must be done in the near future, one of the most important is the overhauling of the Lion House comfort station. The fixtures here are in a deplorable condition, and should be replaced with improved and more sani- tary ones. A great number of complaints have been received about this station. The railing between the Boston Road and the Buffalo Range must be replaced with a new one of much stronger design. New planting is necessary at the rear of the Service Yard, where the new Storage Shed and Garage now stand, as well as between the Hospital and the Elephant House Walk. The planting in the Italian Garden and portions of the Concourse should be very thoroughly overhauled. The storage house for bay trees and similar plants must be enlarged by at least fifty per cent., as these plants have suf- fered from overcrowding during the last few years. DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION. H. R. Mitchell, Chief Clerk and Manager of Privileges; Wm. Mitchell, Cashier. Since the opening of the Zoological Park to the public in 1899, there never has been a period in its history of such con- stant and extreme advance of prices of practically all food and other supplies required in the maintenance of the Park, equal to that of 1916. If we add to this situation the fact that the appropriation for the year was reduced by about $3,000 from the allowance for 1915, any one can readily appreciate the diffi- culty of getting through the year without a deficit. The Curator of Birds, Mr. Beebe, was detailed in research work at the Zoological Society’s Tropical Research Station for the year, and Mr. Merkel, our Chief Constructor, was tempo- rarily put on part time work for the last half of the year, which effected a considerable saving in the salary account. Our appropriation from the City, fortunately, was given to us again in a lump sum, which enabled us to utilize any sav- ing that we were able to make in the salary account, for the TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 99 purchase of supplies. Without this provision, a deficit could not have been avoided. Audit of Accounts.——The usual audit of accounts was ex- tended to include the petty cash accounts of the Director and the Secretary. Arrangements were made by which the auditors carried on their work at convenient periods throughout the year, both in the privilege account and the Society’s funds, permitting the completion of the audit very promptly after the first of the year. The Audit Company’s certificate appears elsewhere in the ANNUAL REPORT, in connection with the Treasurer’s statements. New accounts were created during the year for the Gallery of Oil Paintings, Publication fund and Heads and Horns building fund. For convenience in bookkeeping, authorization was granted for the carrying of a number of funds in one column in the cash book, under the heading, Special Funds, and a number of trust funds in a column headed, Special Trust Funds. The changes made on the first of January, 1916, in the methods of approval and payment of bills have proved very satisfactory. Privileges.—We are sorry to have to report a rather unsat- isfactory year in privileges in point of profits. While the result was due to some extent to general business conditions prevailing throughout the year, it was largely due to reduced attendance in the best months of the season from the following causes: Unfav- orable weather in May and June, infantile paralysis in July and August, and trolley strikes in August and September. From July 1, to the end of the season, the attendance of children was almost entirely cut off because of the paralysis epidemic. There was a total net decrease in Privilege Department re- ceipts for the year of 41% per cent. as compared with a decreased attendance of 7% per cent., showing that the gross receipts did not suffer from adverse conditions as greatly as the attendance. Although the greatest possible economy was practiced in fixed charges and operating costs, it was impossible to overcome the conditions referred to above. Net profits in all privilege accounts increased 5 per cent. IEEE LA) A RTE Oe gE | CO dITS HONNVT HSNOH Lvogd TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 101 over 1915 in the face of a 4% per cent. decrease in gross re- ceipts, denoting rigid economy in operation, as further evidenced in a decrease of 12 per cent. in Salaries account in 1916, follow- ing a reduction of 11 per cent. in the same account in the pre- vious year. Rocking Stone Restauwrant.—The falling off in gross receipts was not out of proportion to the reduction in attendance for the year. The exact figures were 5 per cent. for the receipts, and 714 per cent. for the attendance. But for the unusually high prices of supplies, a more satisfactory showing would have been made. As it was, all that we were able to do was to make a slight gain, and maintain the standard of service. Boating.—Late in the year 1915, the work of tearing away the old wooden dock at the Boat House was commenced, and the site filled in with stone from a near-by apartment house excava- tion, delivered and dumped without cost to us. It was our plan to have the wall forming the face of the dock built before winter so that the concrete surface and finish could be put on after the frost had disappeared in the spring, and before the boating sea- son opened. This could not be done, however, as the contractor who was to build the wall failed to carry out his contract at the time the work should have been done, and high water followed, prevent- ing the completion of the work before winter. No further prog- ress could be made until spring, and then high water again de- layed the work until it seriously interfered with the boating season, and reduced considerably the early receipts. Fortunate- ly, the boating season was fully thirty days later than usual, which helped the situation to some extent. For several weeks boating operations were carried on as efficiently as they could be by utilizing one end of the dock that had been completed. The work of concreting the entire surface of the dock was fin- ished in June. The wisdom of this improvement, as well as the reduction in boating rates from 35 and 50 cents to 25 and 35 cents per hour, respectively, was immediately demonstrated by an increase in the business. The four months, July to October inclusive, cover- ing the period in which full use could be made of the new dock, showed the following increases in gross boating receipts over the same months in 1915: July, 37 per cent.; August, 134 per cent.; September, 131 per cent., and October, 110 per cent. 102 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY The completed dock is a most substantial and satisfactory improvement; of the kind that all permanent improvements should be. The slip or inlet provided for the launches is a great success, adding a large amount of dock room for the handling of row boats, which was very badly needed. The further improvements required at the dock in the near future are, the replacing of the old, narrow plank extension on the north end with concrete, and the erection of a suitable can- opy or awning, for shade, over the central portion of the dock. Boat House Restaurant.—While the gross receipts for the year at the Boat House Restaurant increased somewhat over last year, it was impossible to make an improved showing in the net results. All restaurant supplies advanced materially during the year. Although our prices for food are very much below those charged elsewhere for a similar class of service, it seemed best to maintain our prices unchanged throughout the year. If prices for supplies continue to advance, changes will have to be made. in the menu. Soda Water.—This branch of the privileges was more seri- ously affected than any other by the unfavorable conditions that prevailed throughout the entire season, particularly through the absence of visitors in the months of July and August. The gross receipts showed a reduction for the season of 16% per cent. While the unsatisfactory showing in this division can be, in a great measure, accounted for by the conditions referred to previously, it is also a fact, that many improvements have been made in soda fountain equipment during the last five years. Nevertheless, it is true that all of our fountains now are nearly ten years old and they have become almost obsolete because of the recent improvements that have been made by manufacturers in construction and in designs. To-day our equipment is not up to the standard that will be found in the ordinary confec- tionery store. It gradually must be replaced and brought up toa standard equal to the best to be found elsewhere. Refreshment service in public parks, to be successful, must now conform in all respects to the best standards. With this fact in mind, we have been making an unsuccessful effort for several years to secure an appropriation for the construction of anew concrete building for refreshment purposes to replace the present rapidly decaying wooden shelter near the Reptile House. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 103 This improvement is a necessity that must be provided in the very near future. No one can give the service that should be given at this location without new equipment. Guide Book.—Although the attendance for the year 1916 fell considerably behind that of 1915, it was rather surprising to find that there was a slight gain in guide book sales. The “Gorilla Edition,” of 20,000 copies, printed in September, 1915, was so far reduced that the stock cannot run through 1917, and arrangements have been made for a new edition, to be ready about the first of next June. There will be a material advance in the cost, and a consequent reduction in profits on the new issue, because of the very great advance in the price of paper. To protect ourselves against further advances before going to press, the paper stock already has been purchased. Souvenir Books, Postal Cards, and Miscellaneous Publica- tions.—The most successful article in this group of privileges is the series of “Animals in Art Stamps,” which were first pub- lished in 1915. Before the end of the year, it was found that the original edition was getting low. A demand for these stamps and the albums had developed outside the Park, and arrange- ments were made for a new printing from the same plates. De- livery was made late in the year, and they are now being folded and put into envelopes. The stock of souvenir postal cards was almost exhausted by the end of the summer season, and plans have been made for a new issue, to be ready in the spring. It is proposed to add a number of new subjects and discard an equal number of the least attractive of the old plates. On account of the paper market, an order for the stock was placed as soon as the new issue was decided upon. The only new feature attempted during the year in the na- ture of a publication to be sold in the Park, was the “Wild Ani- mal Stamp Primer,” a 96-page, cloth-bound book of animal stor- ies for children, illustrated by 50 colored stamp pictures of ani- mals made from photographs taken in the park. The illustra- tions are in the form of stamps which the child is required to paste in the spaces provided in connection with the stories. On account of an unavoidable delay, the book was delivered rather late in the season, otherwise the entire edition would have been sold, as it proved to be very popular with children. DEST TE OLE THe hee we VA et EIT; ONILSV 14 ) (fe \ i a : TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 105 Gate Reccipts.—All the receipts at the entrances on pay days were again used in meeting the cost of improvement and repair work that could not be financed from the funds provided for maintenance. As the collections were somewhat less than our estimate for the year, a part of the work that was planned had to be deferred. Riding Animals.—As this division of the privilege depends entirely on the attendance of children, it was, of course, greatly affected by the new conditions, and the gross receipts fell below the normal of other years. We continued the use of the riding elephant, Alice, with very satisfactory results. More than 5,000 persons were given rides, without the slightest accident of any kind. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING. George M. Beerbower, Civil Engineer. The most important piece of work accomplished in this de- partment during the year 1916 was the construction of the new wharf at the Boat House. The original wharf, of wood supported on piles, was built ten years ago. Being immediately over the water, it decayed very rapidly. It had been patched with boards and sheets of iron until it was most dangerous and unsightly, and finally the beams decayed to such an extent that it had gone down in places, and could not be used. The first part of the work to be done was the removal of this old decayed wharf, consisting of 72,000 square feet of lum- ber. This was torn up and floated down the river to a conven- ient landing place, piled, dried and burned. The next operation was that of filling the site, for which 2,000 cubic yards of earth were required, as well as 150 cubic yards of stone for the sea-wall. All of these materials were obtained and delivered on the site without cost. It was necessary to lower the water in the river, and as the sluice-way in the dam was not large enough to carry off the spring flow of water, it became necessary to blast away a portion of the dam. A photograph of this blast is reproduced THE BOAT HOUSE LANDING The upper picture shows the condition of the platform as it existed; the lower picture, the completed work. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 107 herewith. Even though the blast was covered by large logs chained together, and these in turn covered with a mat made of large ropes, water and stones were thrown to a height far above the elevated railroad structure. The soft mud was then removed, in some places, to a depth of six feet, to the clay bottom, to provide suitable foundations for the sea-wall. The sea-wall was built of large stones without mortar to within one foot of the water-level, and the remainder was built of rubble masonry. The wall, in plan, is a compound reversed curve, to conform to the old water line at the edge of the dock. : A slip was built within the wharf area to admit the launches, whereby they may discharge passengers on one side and receive them on the other, and thus greatly expedite the handling of the launch traffic. Drains from the Boat House were laid, the fill leveled off, and a floor of six inches of concrete was laid over the entire wharf area. A platform was constructed two steps above this level along the rear edge, and concrete benches placed there for the accommodation of the public. A row of electric-light posts was erected, each post having a cross arm carrying a large light at each end, and a socket in the center for a flagstaff. An enclosure was made at one side of the launch slip and provided with a canopy and concrete benches for the reception of a sufficient number of persons to load a launch. This serves to prevent confusion, and the struggling of crowds to get on the launches during rush hours. Formerly the water had been too deep in some places along the wharf, and in other places the river bottom was composed of sticky mud. These constituted most dangerous conditions for persons entering and leaving the rowboats. Accordingly, the mud was removed and fill put in, making shallow water and a solid bottom for a distance of forty feet from the wharf. We now have a most attractive and satisfactory boating pavilion which will be good for all time, and require few repairs. Numerous surveys were made and maps drawn with refer- 108 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY ence to the exchange with the Public Service Commission of small parcels of land on the easterly boundary line. Also maps and plans were prepared, showing proposed added areas to the Zoological Park on the easterly side. Maps and plans were prepared to be used in the hearings on the City zoning plans. Lines and grades were staked out for the paving of the Wild Fowl! Pond, and Plans were prepared and filed for a Garage and a Material Storage House, and The Garage was built, and the foundations were completed for the Storehouse, under the direction of Mr. Beerbower. Numerous surveys were made and plotted for the proposed Heads and Horns Museum. The various record maps of the Park have been brought up to date, embodying all the work done during the past year. DEPARTMENT OF PHOTOGRAPHY AND PUBLICATION. Elwin R. Sanborn, Editor and Photographer; Anna Newman, Assistant. Photography.—The most important subjects photographed during 1916 were the following: siamang, Celtic horse, Scandi- navian horse, Pekin sika deer, axis deer, Nubian giraffe, wombat and young, wallaroo, Parry kangaroo, brush-tailed wallaby, is- land kangaroo, agile wallaby, cock-of-the-rock, white-necked crane, hooded vulture, northern tiger bittern, mussurana, jara- raca, lancehead viper, carpet python, regal python, South Amer- ican rattlesnake. And the progress of Construction work at the Wild Fowl! Pond. A series of views were made of the Animal Hospital, exte- rior and interior, details of cage work, operating room and opera- tions. A series of pictures was made to show serums for snake bite, fangs and crystalized venom and the process of treating a snake-bitten patient. Photographs were made of the new concrete pier at the Boat House, a cat trap, a sparrow trap, panels of bird plumage, Heads and Horns tablet, arrival of a giraffe; and various negatives EOE TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 109 of buildings along the Southern Boulevard were made for the Park engineer, Mr. Beerbower. The complete elimination of certain coal-tar derivatives brought from Germany has caused a great advance in the prices of the essential photographic chemicals. Figures compiled by the Motion Picture World, the organ of the motion picture pro- ducers, are almost beyond belief. Metol, one of the most neces- sary chemicals used in developers for the production of nega- tives leaped from $4.50 per pound to $75.00 and $100.00; hydro- quinone from 90 cents to $9.00 per pound; oxalic acid from 10 cents to $5.00. Some of the potashes have advanced 300 per cent., and aniline dyes 500 per cent. Printing papers have increased from 15 to 20 per cent.; and dry plates, because of the scarcity of Belgian glass, which is used almost exclusively, have advanced 25 per cent. American manufacturers are now producing, in limited quantities, substitutes for many of the German products. The radical changes that have become necessary in the manufac- ture of photographic products have produced correspondingly bad effects, and salesmen of one of the large manufactures stated that in all the years of their business career there were never so many difficulties with plates and paper as have been apparent in the last two years. It is to be expected, however, that within a few months all these difficulties will be smoothed away, and the production of photographic supplies will firmly settle down upon an all-American basis. Bulletin.—Six numbers of the Zoological Society Bulletin were issued in 1916. Several numbers contained very valuable and interesting material, furnished by Mr. Beebe from the Trop- ical Research Station, and Mr. Ditmars from his expedition to the low-lands of the Savannah River. Continued progress in the development of photography of the exhibition tanks at the Aquarium have furnished the Director with interesting numbers for that department of the Society’s work. The rapid increase in the prices of printing papers forced the Society to secure a stock of paper for the Bulletin sufficient to last until 1918. Annual Report.—The ANNUAL REPORT for 1915 was issued in its regular form, and at the usual time. Zoologica.—Numbers 3 and 4 of Volume II. were devoted kTWATAYIDAN AS MDOATTT TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT tata to scientific research at the Tropical Station in British Guiana by Mr. Beebe, and were illustrated by Mr. Paul G. Howes. Num- ber 5, contributed by Prof. E. W. Gudger, was an interesting paper on the Gaff-Topsail Catfish. Zoopathologica.—Because of the wealth of material in the Society’s possession on the diseases of animals, a new publication was created to better place this matter at the disposal of scien- tific men interested in this branch of our work. Dr. George A. MacCallum contributed the first paper, “Parasitic Trematodes of Marine Fishes.”’ Other papers are in course of preparation. Annual Meeting.—A series of motion pictures, showing the development of antlers of the Wapiti, the work of the beaver, the life of a gray squirrel, the temperament of a savage zebra, and pictures of emeu, Alaskan bears, sea-lions, gorilla, and various other mammals taken in the Park by the Department, were ex- hibited at the Annual Meeting of the Society. Appended is a statement of the photographic work in 1916: iganterne SliGe@S SOlGs 2. then ee oe 69 onilame emmemis iSO Gun ee At Seka ok el 8 Brinson Albums CAquarium): 222.22....i22 43 Rrinticetorealpumss CPark): 2.220 c.c0 2. eee 210 PapinicsehOr SeONCAGION )2- = tare olet tl cane 502 Prints sold and used for miscellaneous purposes 642 TEXTE TRESS SEO B11 CEI So eet oe en a eee 600 ARIS) ba en eae eit 2 ee ec ev eee 2,074 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS. The most important need of the future is an increase by the Board of Estimate and Apportionment of 10 per cent. to the salaries of all the employees of the Zoological Park who receive less than $1,300 per year. It is hoped that this end can be ac- complished in the making up of the financial budget of expendi- tures for 1918, and every effort will be made to bring about that result. An additional appropriation of $11,480 will be required for this purpose. We also must have a fund for necessary re- pairs to buildings, at least $10,000 a year, such as is provided for the American Museum of Natural History. 112 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY The Park is very greatly in need of a new entrance at the Pelham Avenue-Southern Boulevard corner, known as the Ford- ham entrance. The present old and cheap pavilion is most un- representative of the Park, the City and the Society. As an irreducible minimum the sum required is $25,000. The area between the Boston Road and the Bronx Lake is in a terrible condition. The feet of the multitude are wearing the banks away to an extent that is most serious, and something must be done about it, forthwith. It is our intention to rob other funds ( if it be possible) in order to make a beginning this year, between the Boat House and the Buffalo Entrance. A stone wall is needed all along the eastern side of the Boston Road to stop the destruction of the bank above. The southern end of the area east of the Bronx River needs about $3,000 worth of development work, for the general good; but the money is not in sight. The enormous cost of food for animals is causing us great anxiety. Although studies and efforts in all directions are being made to economize in food quantities and kinds, even the best economy will not reduce potatoes from $12.00 per barrel to $6.00. We are reducing the quantity of our animal rations, and experi- menting to find the cheapest food that will be acceptible. We also intend to plant every acre of our land available for cultiva- tion with potatoes, corn and other vegetables that will produce the most on the smallest space. Just how we are going to feed our carnivorous animals with- out enormously increased expenditures, going far beyond our available funds, we can not imagine. Respectfully submitted, WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, Director. THE TROPICAL RESEARCH STATION Bartica District, British Guiana. William Beebe, Directing Curator; G. Innes Hartley, Research Associate; Paul G. Howes, Research Assistant; Donald Carter, Collector; Anna Taylor and Rachel Hartley, Artists. This undertaking is a direct outcome of the dynamic inter- est in scientific research in the Department of Birds. Inaugu- rated as a suggestion of the Curator, the idea was favorably received by the Executive Committee and Director Hornaday, and the plan has now crystalized into achievement. Even the first year’s work may be regarded as thoroughly successful. Mr. Beebe, with a party of five assistants, left New York on the Mayaro on January 24, 1916, and returned on the Guiana on August 28, 1916. After a short stay at Georgetown,* the Society accepted the offer of a house near Bartica, forty miles up the Essequibo River, at the very edge of the jungle. This was on the Hills Rubber Estate, and the manager, Mr. G. B. Withers, kindly al- lowed the use of “Kalacoon” for a period of six months. This house proved to be satisfactory in all respects, and within a week after acceptance we furnished it from the Georgetown stores in time to receive our first visitors, Colonel and Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt. Colonel Roosevelt had been interested in this idea from its inception, and the extension of his trip to British Guiana was with the idea of seeing the work started. His experiences at the Station and his opinions of the under- taking have been incorporated in an article in the January, (1917), issue of Scribner’s Magazine, entitled “A Naturalist’s Tropical Laboratory.” During the course of the next few months, we entertained a number of visitors from New York, and also many of the offi- cials of the British Guiana Government, including the Governor, Sir Walter, and Lady Egerton, the Hon. Cecil and Mrs. Clementi, and the Hon. J. J. Nunan. It is impossible even to mention all those who placed us under obligation, and whose hospitality and * Many of the less important details of the establishment of the Research Station may be found in an article in the Zoological Society Bulletin for July, 1916. ee ches Godt teed +S SOAMVETL AW vee t3PL CUFT 49 AGIF40F “WY 4#eeted ou, “i St P4PPa AW AUOLVUOAVT NOOOWIVH ‘NOILVLS HOUVASHY AO FAVS TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 115 whole-souled friendship encouraged us in our new work in a foreign country. In addition to the above we cannot omit the names of Mr. Frére and Mr. Beckett, Mr. and Mrs. Hayes, Mr. and Mrs. Enis, Prof. Harrison and Mr. Rodway, Mr. Goring and Mr. Cunningham. The Trinidad Steamship Company left noth- ing undone to facilitate our work and make comfortable our transportation and that of our specimens. With Indian assistants, we mapped out a zone of jungle equal to that of Central Park, and confined almost all our efforts to this area. We found it an ideal place for our work. Mosquitoes were absent, as were all noxious insects except béte rouge. The heat of the day was not oppressive, especially in the jungle, and the nights were always cool. Poisonous serpents were very rare, and none of the wild animals, even the jaguars, ever gave uS a moment’s thought of danger. Vampire bats were abundant, but never molested us. Bathing in the river was perfectly safe, although perai were everywhere. On the whole, out-door work was as safe and comfortable as corresponding research in the vicinity of New York City in summer. Seven years ago, the writer published a volume on the natu- ral history of British Guiana. “Our Search for a Wilderness,” which may be considered as adumbrating the present under- taking. A few months ago Mr. Charles Chubb published in Lon- don a work on “The Birds of British Guiana,’ which, by the paucity of notes on the life histories of birds, emphasizes the un- touched character of this field of scientific work. Up to January, 1917, the following articles had appeared in connection with the Research Station: The Establishment of the Tropical Research Station, William Beebe. Zoological Society Bulletin, July, 1916. Noosing a Bushmaster. William Beebe. Zoological Society Bulletin, July, 1916. The Cock-of-the-Rock. L. S. Crandall. Zoological Society Bulletin, July, 1916. Nestling Hoatzins at Home. William Beebe. Zoological Society Bulletin, Sep- tember, 1916. Folio of Photographs from the Research Station. P. G. Howes. Zoological So- ciety Bulletin, September, 1916. Tropical Specimens. R. L. Ditmars. Zoological Society Bulletin, September, 1916. Wasps at the Tropical Research Station. P. G. Howes, Zoological Society Bul- letin, September, 1916. Notes on the Perai. G. I. Hartley. Zoological Society Bulletin, November, 1916. The New Jungle-bound Research Station. Howes and Beebe. New York Trib- une, December, 1916. 116 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY The Alligators of Guiana. William Beebe. Zoological Society Bulletin, January, 1916. A Naturalist’s Tropical Laboratory. Theodore Roosevelt. Secribner’s Magazine. The Pomeroon Trail. William Beebe. Atlantic Monthly, January. The latter essay is the first of a series of six relating to general aspects of life in British Guiana. Perhaps three-quar- ters of the scientific notes and an equal amount of the field work and laboratory investigation are too unconnected and incomplete for publication at the present time. But a number of subjects were finished and these have been combined in a volume which il] appear before March 1. At the suggestion of Prof. Osborn this has been called ‘‘Tropical Wild Life in British Guiana,” and is considered as the joint production of Beebe, Hartley and Howes, with an introduction by Colonel Roosevelt. My own share in it has been of the nature of general ecological studies and of young birds. Mr. Hartley worked more particularly on the development of embryos, and Mr. Howes confined his atten- tion to the life histories of social wasps and bees. As a resumé of the work of the year, I offer the table of contents of this volume: PART I, BY WILLIAM BEEBE. I—KEstablishment of the Station. IJ]—Historical Bartica. I]I]—Early Naturalists at Bartica. IV—The Geneal Field of Work. V—tThe Open Clearing. VI—tThe Jungle. VII—The Bird Life of Bartica District. VIII—List of the Birds of Bartica District. IX—Akawai Indian and Colonial Names of Birds and Mammals. X—Methods of Research. XI—Ornithological Discoveries. XII—Notes on Hoatzin Nestlings. XIII—The Homes of Toucans. XIV—Notes on the Grey-backed Trumpeter. XV—The Tinamou of Bartica District. XVI—A Day in Kalacoon Compound. X VII—Nesting Seasons and Broods of Tropical Birds. XVIII—The Alligators of Guiana. ~] TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 11 PART II, BY G. INNESS HARTLEY. XI X—Notes on the Development of the Jacana. X X—Notes on the Development of the Ani. X XI—Notes on a Few Embryos. XXII—Nesting Habits of the Grey-breasted Martin. X XIII—Development of the Wing in Birds. XXIV—Notes on the Perai. PART III, BY PAUL G. HOWES. XX V—The Bees and Wasps of Bartica. XXVI—Two Potter Wasps. XX VII—Larval Sacrifice. XX VIII—The Black Reed Wasp. XXIX—The White-footed Wasp. XX X—The Forest Shell Wasp. XX XI—The One-banded Dauber. XXXJI—The Blue Huntress. XX XJJJ—Paralyzed Provender. XX XI V—Controlled Pupation. The richness of the small area of jungle in which we worked in the vicinity of Bartica is attested by the fact that there occur within its limits at least three hundred and fifty-one species of birds; quite 45 per cent. of the whole number recorded from the entire Colony. We made notes on more than fifty species of mammals, including all the more representative groups of South America. These will be elaborated, added to and published at the end of the ensuing year. A single Akawai Indian hunter kept us supplied with excellent meat for many months from the jungle immediately about the Station. Yet, at the end of our stay, there seemed no diminution in the number of game birds and animals, even a short distance away. Attention is particularly called to the many discoveries, such as the eggs and young of toucans, the nestlings of various birds such as the trumpeters, the photographing for the first time of the quadrumanal habits of the hoatzin, and the no in- considerable number of nests and eggs new to science. This was all incidental, as the collecting of specimens is in no way a primary object of the Station’s work. Subjects of special study were the tropical seasons and their effects on the broods of birds; 118 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY the study of certain problems by the potash method of rendering cartilage visible in the complete embryo; and the photographing of new or undescribed life stages in mammals and birds, and of pupae and nests of social wasps. Over four hundred negatives of various scientific subjects were made, mostly the work of Paul Howes. Many will be used as illustrations in the volume of researches. A number of an- thropological photographs were made of the various tribes of Indians and as complete as possible a list of Akawai names for mammals and birds. Miss Taylor made many careful water- color studies of tropical flowering plants, a wholly new field of botanical endeavor in this part of the world, which will be car- ried much farther next year. The only co-operative work for which time could be found, was undertaken for the American Museum of Natural History. A collection of several hundred preserved amphibians and rep- tiles was made, in addition to which it was arranged that all specimens which died at the Zoological Park should be added to the Museum’s collection. Besides this, specimens, materials, photographs, and paintings were assembled and brought north for two large groups, one of red howler monkeys and one of hoatzins. The most searching and the fairest test of the success of any live animal collecting is the record of the creatures which arrive safely and become adapted to life in their new surround- ings. So, I present the lists, only of those that reached New York and the Zoological Park in health. Although this phase of the work was wholly subordinate to the scientific investigation which was the main object of the Station, we were able to add over three hundred mammals, birds and reptiles to the collections of the Zoological Park. These represent a total value of well over one thousand dollars. They are as follows: , 31 Mammals. 16 Snakes. 154 Birds. 8 Tortoises and Turtles. 3 Alligators. 80 Frogs and Toads. 10 Lizards. op Lushe Without going into too great detail, a few of the more inter- esting specimens may be continued. Three species of opossums TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 119 were obtained, several pacas, a yaguarundi cub, agoutis, ocelot, a very interesting wild dog, and some jungle rats which have not yet been identified. Among the birds were dusky parrots, white-necked rails, yellow-headed vultures, anis, moriche orioles, curassows, motmots, jays, cotingas and toucans. The two most unusual birds were cock-of-the-rock and an imThurn’s blackbird. Many unusual frogs and toads were secured, one of which was a huge specimen of the marine toad. The grotesque sharp- nosed toad is as brightly colored as it is rare. The coppery-red five-fingered frog resembles our bullfrog, but the nursing frogs which carry their tadpoles on their back are quite unlike any of our northern forms. Others, of whose habits we know noth- ing, are the moustached, the long-snouted and the white-headed frogs. A five-foot electric eel was caught in the Mazaruni, al- most in front of Kalacoon, and successfully shipped north in a metal lined case. When received full force, the shock from its batteries was almost sufficient to knock a man off his feet. For the coming year, anticipating that it will be possible to continue the work of the Station, an option at an exceedingly reasonable price has been obtained for the season’s use of an old river steamer, out of commission. This is one hundred feet long, has three decks and is admirably adapted for use as a float- ing laboratory and houseboat. It will facilitate the research work, and afford accommodations for the scientists from Har- vard, Princeton and elsewhere who have repeatedly expressed a desire to make use of the facilities of the Station for carrying on certain specific lines of research. WILLIAM BEEBE. se ETMOTTATA TTARITOM (NOEPVWATOT. PTI MARMORATUS) REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE AQUARIUM TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. THE Aquarium, as one of the public museums of New York, continues, despite its unfailing attraction for the people, to represent a neglected opportunity. Possessing a greater interest for the public than any other institution, and forced to carry on the office work of a great museum without the proper facilities for doing so, the fund for its maintenance at present is less than that provided ten years ago. It remains, through lack of space and lack of considera- tion by the authorities, in a condition of arrested development. Its unique possibilities for usefulness and greater attractive- ness have long been apparent. They have, indeed, been set forth persistently by its officers, yet its prospects for early improve- ment are not encouraging. We have been repeatedly assured that the enlargement of the building by the City on the comprehensive plans prepared in 1911, is altogether impossible. We are now informed that the much needed alterations in the present structure, according to the very modest plans prepared during the past year, cannot be considered at all. The only hope for the moderate improvements desired would appear to depend on the faint prospect of securing funds from private sources. The alterations proposed include the removal of the mechan- ical department of the Aquarium from the rear of the building to the unused basement at the front, and the construction of a third story above the present office section. The first would per- mit of greater efficiency in operating the mechanical department and allow the reclaiming of valuable space for exhibits. The second would provide space for office work that has always been earried on under serious drawbacks. Included with them were OLD EXHIBITION TANKS uph showing a section of the old tanks at the Aquarium before they were enlarged. ‘e Photoegr: TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 123 several other improvements that would eliminate disadvantages of long standing, particularly the invasion of the basement by the sea at high tides. In the meantime the Aquarium is cumbersome to operate and cramped for space. After many years of effort directed toward the elimination of various defects, we find ourselves at a standstill. There is little more that can be done without a fund sufficiently large to enable us to deal with the really serious hindrances that have always confronted us. The cost of the above described improve- ments was estimated at $90,000. IMPROVEMENTS FROM THE MAINTENANCE FUND. Larger Exhibition Tanks.—The most important improve- ment made in the Aquarium during the year or in fact during the past six years was the enlargement of several glass-fronted exhibition tanks on the ground floor. By combining the original small-sized tanks in pairs, removing the partitions and extending the back walls to the outer wall of the building, it has been possi- ble to construct tanks of large size, similar to those in the larger aquariums of Europe. Some of these enlarged tanks have a length of about fifteen feet and all of them, a depth, back from the glass, of twelve feet. The increased water space has made it possible to greatly enlarge the exhibits in each tank. The contents of the old re- serve tanks, formerly located behind the exhibition tanks, have been transferred to the newly enlarged tanks and thus added to the collection on exhibition. The reserve tanks will be located elsewhere and restocked. With the return of the next summer’s collecting season, it will be possible to stock these tanks to their full capacity, and also to place behind the glass many large specimens that have hitherto been kept only in the large open floor pools. Four tanks of large size were constructed during the sum- mer by the employes of the Aquarium, at a cost per tank of not more than $50 for materials. The extra labor thrown on our own force was, however, too great to be continued. By enforc- ing special economies it was possible to accumulate funds suffi- cient for the construction of seven more tanks of large size, for which a contract was awarded on December 7. N TANKS nded back to the outer wall of the yet been installed. ED EXHIBITIO been exte m has not ENLARG h the tanks have rin whic ge over the the manne The iron footbrid building. Showing TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 125 The splendid exhibition tanks created in this way—eleven in number—have entailed no expense aside from the regular maintenance fund. They have quadrupled the swimming space of the tanks and afforded much better conditions of life for their living occupants. An equally important point is the increased attractiveness of the display in each tank, the greater depth of water (back from the glass) giving an “under water” effect that is not pos- sible in tanks of small size. The increased tank space also has made it possible to increase the number of species that may be confined together in each tank. During the fourteen years that the Aquarium has been under the management of the Zoological Society, it has been improved in many ways, chiefly in its mechanical department; but these improvements are not such as are apparent to the visi- tor, the machinery of operation being largely out of sight. The enlarged exhibition tanks represent an improvement in the exhi- bition of specimens, so marked that it cannot fail to meet with the approval of the public. Having been assured by the City Fire Department that the operation of the refrigerating plant in the Aquarium would no longer be permitted until it could be separately and tightly housed against all possible danger to visitors, its removal to a new position became imperative. This work will be undertaken at once, as the cold water system must be ready for operation sometime in May. Being a part of the permanent and necessary equipment of the building, its removal and housing should not be chargeable to the main- tenance fund already heavily taxed on account of the increased cost of coal and other supplies. In order to make available for salt water exhibits two of the enlarged exhibition tanks of the fresh-water series, an ex- tension of piping was made. When cold weather came, an un- used wooden storage tank was converted into a water heater, which made it possible to exhibit in this water system many local sea fishes not to be found along our shores in winter. This improvement will be of great value, as marine species of fishes and invertebrates are much more numerous than fresh water species and should have a larger representation in our col- lection than has hitherto been possible. 126 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY On the evening of December 27, the various Zoological So- cieties attending the New York meeting of the American Asso- ciation for the Advancement of Science were entertained at the Aquarium, 520 men being present. The entertainment took the form of a smoker, which was very emphatically pronounced the most satisfactory feature of the whole week as it gave the delegates an unusual opportunity for an evening of informal talk. The Director and the Aqua- rium Committee acted as a reception committee. The annual reception at the Aquarium to members of the Zoological Society was held on the evening of May 1, when 355 guests were present. On July 30, an explosion occurred on the New Jersey side of the Bay, which resulted in the breaking of 64 roof skylights and a large number of the ceiling skylights in the Aquarium. The roof skylights were repaired without delay, and the bill presented to the Commissioner of Parks, to be paid from Park Department funds. An estimate was made for the repair of the ceiling skylights and submitted to the Commissioner of Parks, who applied for special revenue bonds. The latter re- pairs have not yet been made, and if longer delayed there will result a considerable loss of heat during the winter. THE EXHIBITS. The living exhibits of the Aquarium are at the present time in excellent condition, and all available exhibition space is fully occupied. The total number of specimens in the building is 5,992, and the number of species 199. Of fishes there are 4,196 specimens; invertebrates, 1,306; amphibians, 365; reptiles, 123, and mammals, only 2—a sea lion and a manatee. The manatee, (Manatus inunguis), is the first specimen of the Amazon River species to be exhibited in this country. It was secured through the help of Captain Torrible of the Booth Line Steamer Stephen. This manatee, which is five feet long, was received on July 3, and is apparently in the best of health at the close of the year. During the summer there was much public interest in sharks as the result of accidents on the coast of New Jersey, where three bathers lost their lives. The Aquarium secured sev- TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 127 eral specimens, but only one was received alive. It measured nearly eight feet in length and weighed 181 pounds. This shark lived in one of the large floor pools for five weeks and attracted a great deal of attention. Large sharks usually do not live longer than a week or two in captivity. The sharks which did not reach the Aquarium alive were each exhibited for a few days on ice, which gave visitors the opportunity of examining them closely. These included the following species: Milbert’s Shark, (Car- charhinus milberti), Sand Shark, (Carcharias littoralis), Blue Shark, (Prionace glauca), and Short-nosed Shark, (Hypoprion brevirostrus). Early in June, Mr. Mowbray, of the Aquarium Staff, made a large collection of tropical fishes at Turk’s Island, Bahamas, but all of these specimens were lost during a hurricane which struck that island a few days before the arrival of the steamer on which they were to be shipped. In November, Mr. Mowbray secured 347 tropical fishes, representing 42 species, at Key West, Florida. Numerous local sea fishes were collected from the shores of Long Island and New Jersey, and a great many fresh water species from the various lakes in the City parks. The fish hatchery in the Aquarium was kept in operation as usual through shipments of fish eggs from Government hatch- eries. Eggs of the smelt, 2,000,000 in number, were also supplied by the State Conservation Commission. The species hatched included brook, rainbow and black-spotted trout, yellow perch, pike-perch, and smelt. The young fry were distributed as fol- lows: In the lake at Scarsdale, an enlargement of Bronx River, 7,500,000 yellow perch; in the Hudson River at New York City, 1,950,000 smelt; to the State Conservation Commission, 3,500,- 000 pike-perch; to the Interstate Park Commission, 1,450,000 pike-perch; to the New Jersey Fish Commission, 300 black-spot- ted trout; to waters in Orange County, New York, 1,500 rainbow trout and 500 brook trout. EMPLOYES. The only changes among the officers of the Aquarium were the resignation of Mr. Chapman Grant, who re-entered the U. S. Army, and the appointment of Miss Ida Mellen as Secretary, Tia eae ee © Setpneticafterahrrevn: Ferrmervinsy FRONT ELEVATION OF THE AQUARIUM SHOWING PROPOSED THIRD STORY SCALE Peer ieee eae bir) GROUND PLAN OF THE AQUARIUM The shaded portions show the location of the enlarged exhibition tanks. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 129 The working force rendered excellent service. As previously stated, four of the large exhibition tanks were built during the summer by our own men. Advantage was taken of the resigna- tion of one attendant and of Mr. Chapman Grant, to increase the compensation of all persons in the Aquarium receiving less than $1,000 per annum, these raises being deemed urgent on account of the increased cost of living. The vacant attendant’s position was not refilled, the other vacancy being refilled at a lower rate of compensation. The Director takes pleasure in calling attention to the cheerfulness and efficiency with which the employes have per- formed the duties assigned to them. Miss Mellen has lettered, numbered and card-catalogued the collection of Aquarium pamphlets and monographs, about 900 in all, and has in preparation an index of the entire library, con- sisting of some 850 works, with special, separate indices for works in sets, such as the American Naturalist, 41 volumes; Reports of the Massachusetts Fish Commission, 1868-1910, ete. She has also indexed the collection of Aquarium photographs taken by Mr. Sanborn and others from time to time and con- sisting of about 950 prints arranged in 10 large, loose-leaf vol- umes. Each volume now bears a label and a special index, and there is, besides, a separate, general index, by means of which any picture desired in any one of the 10 volumes may be turned to immediately. AID TO SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS. During the year, small forms of marine life for stocking school aquaria were supplied to 36 schools and colleges in Great- er New York. Many teachers in the city schools bring their classes to the Aquarium once a year. In 1916, there were 235 such classes accompanied by teachers, a total of 9,546. LABORATORY WORK. Dr. G. A. MacCallum continued his studies of the parasites of fishes and prepared a second paper on the subject which was published by the Zoological Society during the summer. Dr. Sergius Morgulis continued his investigations on nutri- tion in fishes, under the auspices of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. 130 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Dr. W. H. Bates experimented for several months on the eyes of fishes, in continuation of his studies of the previous year. Specimens of fishes and invertebrates were supplied from time to time to investigators connected with institutions in New York and elsewhere, whenever they could be spared from the collections in the Aquarium. A laboratory for the accommoda- tion of zoological workers is still one of the needs of the Aquarium. ATTENDANCE. The number of persons annually visiting the Aquarium has been considerably reduced since the commencement of the war in Europe. In 1915 the annual attendance, which for many years had exceeded 2,000,000, fell to 1,538,831. The attendance in 1916 was 1,499,667—a further decrease of 39,164. As stated in last year’s report, immigration from Europe and tourist travel from the United States have nearly ceased. The number of persons passing through New York has, in con- sequence, been sufficiently reduced to account for the decreased attendance at the Aquarium. A comparison of the totals, for 1915 and 1916, show that the attendance is becoming stationary and that a further de- crease in visitors is improbable. TABLE OF ATTENDANCE, 1916. January VISItOrS... = | W22a8 Daily average.......... 2,330 February St TR oils 56,882 - i (er 1,961 March Ti ae oes eee 84,681 rs | ee Delo April Se fhans ale 130,888 s | Cee 4,362 May I ae eT 149,484 5 2) he 4,822 June i xe 148,091 oe eee 4,936 July ie eee 23-306 ns ‘toy eae 7,654 August ot Gol ee. . 194,602 = tO peeeiedes 6,148 September Pie ¢ eeeeee bone Gok a a Gaestien: 4,595 October SS eee. Si SOGT * See Sic November s ee eoo.240 we ee 2,874 December I | 86,330 2 A) eee 2,784 Total ese . 1,499,667 Es = 4,108 TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 131 For many years daily observations have been made at the Aquarium on the temperature and salinity of the water of the Harbor as pumped into the large floor pools of the building. These are the only records of the kind kept in the City, and have been frequently consulted by City officials. Their publication in the ANNUAL REPORT keeps them in convenient form for refer- ence at the Aquarium and more available for general use. Record of monthly mean temperatures and specific gravi- ties of the water of New York Harbor at the Battery, during the year 1916. (From daily observations made by Mr. W. I. DeNyse*.) Temperature Specific Months of water Gravity cJISER AUD LEW Ye ele eee Re re sae Ue 41 1,012 BEDRUAEY? ase eS 42 1,012 VATE teas engi = a ee 5 38 1,013 BANGED Vall eee eee ke eee 41 1,009 Vay meee oe ee ne 50 1 Oat 3TH GY OS aR oe ee mr af 1,012 “J ie ere iar spe re 64 1013 AUISUSG) eno A ies Sahn hi 69 1,014 September ....................... pee 69 ONS O CROC iret 9 os sont 63 1,016 INOVWemlber = 250. ss es 56 1,016 December. 22 49 Ons Respectfully submitted, CHAS. HASKINS TOWNSEND, Director. *Density observations were made with samples of water brought to a tempera- ture of 60 degrees Fahr. REPORT OF THE PROSECTOR TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. BEG to submit the following report of the operations of the Prosector’s Department for the calendar year 1916: Material received.—A total of 186 specimens divided as follows: PVM, ee eee ee 60 Marsupials. ese ae 9 CarniVOres- 28 42 Cetaceanis: 53 — = ee 2 Wnewlatese soe ees 14 Birds; 22s 2 = eee 24 RROGENLS es ae ee ee 2M Reptiles a sree a eee 13 Wdentatesi2 a. ee ee 3 = Atel cee ee 186 This material has, as in the past, been utilized for three purposes: 1. Investigation.—The receipt of some much desired forms, especially among Primates and Marsupials, has enabled the De- partment to practically complete the detailed work on the mor- phology and phylogeny of the mammalian respiratory tract, which has been prosecuted for a number of years. As soon as the question of adequate illustration can be met satisfactorily, the Memoir will be published through the Wistar Institute of Philadelphia. A number of forms of great value and importance to the continued investigation of the salivary structures were obtained and prepared during the year. It is hoped that the Department will be able to issue in the near future a publication supplemen- tary to the volume which has already appeared on this subject. The brains of all specimens received in sufficiently fresh con- dition have been intrusted to Professor Tilney for neurological investigation. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 133 2. The Research Collection has, as usual, received large and valuable additions in the form of finished preparation, nota- bly of the respiratory, alimentary and uro-genital tracts. » 3. Instruction.—Portions of the primate, carnivore, mar- supial and rodent material were used during the year for a course in comparative myology. Respectfully submitted, GEO. S. HUNTINGTON, Prosector. Creasurer’s Report For tHe Year Enpinc Decemper 31, 1916. RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES OF THE Sucome Account Schedule 1. Unexpended Balance as of December 31, 1915: Available for expenditure during AGG poe 2st eee $19,489.57 Received from Sustaining Memberships in advance for 1917, 1918 Received on account of subscriptions to Oil Paintings of American Wild Game, for 1916, 1917, 1918, D1 9 ee ee ee ah Bite WL A Nees, Nazir en Sto ea Oe 3,770.65 Investments: 5,000 New York, Lackawanna & Western Terminal 80.00 $28,290.22 33,785.49 A TS AES ONG S ge eee ora ee ae ee eat ie ec Ce eee . 4,950.00 RECEIPTS AMIN Wal WES a8 ee ce ee ee ee sone. ae $17,070.00 Sustaining wMembershipss =<. te ee e 600.00 Special Subscriptions: William Colgate sess ne nee ee een eee OT OO Wadies* oe ee ee 1,518.94 BITE Ctl CSOT Vel Cue at tee as eee ee i 1,190.25 amitse and \OuS soe 1,100.20 Miscellaneous materials 927.54 Stationery and printing 903.11 WINS Cell an eGOU Sirs CD PLIES eee ee ee ee ee 855.27 Telephone service 789.75 Steelljand iron) == 787.68 Office supplies i es Me eee 765.68 Miscellaneous equipment — 746.88 ITE CL ON TOUT ae aaa a eee $189,402.54 156 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY TEST. OMG UU G tas ONPLL CL; Cl ae ee eee ee $189,402.54 Tools and machinery. .......... eer Oe sadder ae ten ate SR eee 737.52 Sandsscenjen ty ame Wiel Che) ee ee eee eee 725.55 Bolts, nails and hardware 0000... 678.47 PAMICOLS SUP PlLGSheeeee eee eee 642.82 Furnace repairs and replacements 561.37 Gm Cio an Sara e ta ae eee ees eet eee ee ee ee aces 465.48 DISin fee tanicpes sa 44.225 Medical attendance (employees) .. 2 368.00 Bixpressage gancdindelivie ries gree. eee ocean ae treo ere 328.21 eSATA GO SSR OY UEP TI Tn eget ee eee ee 319.10 Fuel oil and gasoline .... 271.78 Drugs and medicines ........... = 198.52 IMIS Cell AME OU'S! eI pp AUT Si ee ees acre ee eee ee ee 194.35 Se QL ENC) oy Nh re er es ae 180.00 Sanitary service = 168.00 Rubberwhose geass eens ce 140.01 Omcesurniturezand Biischur egies ee een es ee ee 124.12 d Efe aWO aN ea OY 2) UY greene ee eee are are ee ree 124.00 Nursery stock and seeds 120.98 Glazier’s; supplies! 222... es 103.29 La eee er Pa er Seer Rn lI ee ree 100.70 Mai) o rescore eb a ket oN KS y ae etree eee eae ee areca ea eee eee 99.20 Painters equipment 92.37 Electrical materials = 91.20 INSU: V: SUN po Cfo ole a ee 68.83 Surgical. instruments and appliances: — = ee 67.03 Apparatus and machinery repairs 61.17 Gas & SERVICE We eee nse eee eee = 51.68 PASTY B'S 1 ES aC CS ee rare ee 33.75 Matseand siloore Coverings ee ee ee 31.00 Telegraph, cable and messenger service 30.46 Medical and surgical supplies ......0000. = 23.25 iarness:and: vehicleyrepairs 2-5-2. ee ee 15.75 MOINES LING SSUES ites ne ee eee 10.60 Miscellaneous (expenses) 222s oe een eee 1.00 $197,074.35 H. R. MircwHetnt, Percy R. Pyne, Chief Clerk. Treasurer. January 12, 1917. Growd Improvement Hund Schedule 3. Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915: Erection and Equipment of Power Plant and Work OPS yee ee a rec cee eee $ 91.19 Construction of Fences and Other Permanent Im- NOR ONC) OO) 01 yee eee peracetic saeco ttre 3.90 rection oteNewsLebrawh louse see 10.00 $ 105.09 Balance available for expenditure, December 31, 1916: Erection and Equipment of Power Plant and Work SHOWS) eaten et ee oe tec eee $ 91.19 Construction of Fences and Other Permanent Im- provements Erection of New Zebra House 10.00 $ 105.09 TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 13 1915 GROUND IMPROVEMENT ACCOUNTS Construction of Hospital Building: Balance available, December 31, 1915 ou... $ 3,702.90 EXPENDITURES. By the Zoological SO CLG cae sere Sn oe _$ 887.62 sf se through Park ene ae 297.60 1,185.22 Balance available, December 31, 1916 . ee 2,517.68 $ 3,702.90 Construction of Sliding Door and Reinforcing Elephant House Fence: Balance available, December 31, 1915 cece ; $ 111.14 EXPENDITURES. ESC RGmAOOLOGLCGLaS OCCU) eee ee $ 111.00 Balancesavallable; December Sis (916s. eee 14 $ 111.14 New Paint and Oil Storage Shed: Balance available; December 31, 195.2 22 $ 143.75 EXPENDITURES. ESUPHUNG = ODIOGICAL SOCICLY meer nee eee ete 141.47 Balance available, December 31, 1916) we ...... ; 2.28 $ 143.75 Poultry Breeding House: Balance available, December 31, 1915 ......00000............. ae $ 63 Balancesavallables December 31, 1916) 2 =e $ 63 Paving Bottom of Duck Pond: Balance: available; December Sly, 1905) ene $ 2,059.66 EXPENDITURES. IB) AOD PAO OKOGRGLU, SOCIAL caresses eG $ 942.89 seein: os a through Park Department. .... 1,082.73 2,025.62 Balanceravallaplessecemberr olen 191 Gia aes 34.04 S$ 2,059.66 H. R. Mircne tt, Percy R. Pyne, Chief Clerk. Treasurer. January 1, 1917. 138 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Auimal #imd Schedule 4. Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915: Cash in’ Bank: 22.22. ; De ee DRO O OSES Cash on hand... 100.00 $ 5,198.31 RECEIPTS, Special Subscriptions: Co ETE IGN Serre ere eee ee ae ee $1,000.00 Watson B. Dickerman a. 900.00 Ivispemard Stewarts ete ee eens 500.00 JaMeSae By Om: Clee erence ee en ee 500.00 Henry M. Tilford 500.00 In Memoriam. ............... 500.00 Georcven@2 Clark. . 250.00 Je ves eMoreant 250.00 Jacob’ Hi: ‘Schitt ..... 250.00 Frank K. Sturgis 250.00 TSO ,U1T S Sp 0 U1 yan eect eee ee eee 150.00 IVinses sWinnt Gee NACHO] s meee nn eure nme ene 100.00 iS: ‘Thompson —22..~ ee eee EE 100.00 A pray GeedNiES bit paper ee ieee eee 100.00 MissBleanordeG. Cuyle rene ees 100.00 JohnD> Archbold) 2.2. . 100.00 Dla S PID OU SAS eee rere eee ee 100.00 Mis Rinle yx dis shep an Giessen ee ees 100.00 Mrs. H. P. Davison ~ 100.00 Willramy hiss Coekee es. . 100.00 Winn COS bonnie ae 100.00 IMiscell ames ae ee ee 2,085.00 $ 7,735.00 Loological ‘Society,of Philadelphia) 2.. a 25000100 Cadwalader Animal Fund (tramsfer) 200.-cccccccmccrccnens 1,988.89 Receipts from Park: Sales Ofesanimial sae eee ee ene eee $1,352.00 (Clee kei a ee eee eee 29.55 Miscellaneous _ ...... Se Pe Ae RT er 85.17 Privilege Account, on account of 1916 re- COUPES.) Matern cena ere ee eee ees 2. O00S 00 3,466.72 14,490.61 3 19,688.92 EXPENDITURES. Mammals Chae oe eats ae A ol mua ee Oe eee PEO “OO GtOS | 01 0 Oar rR ade peo 2,950.80 Reptiles Se ert ae ee re 1,184.27 Insect Collection . 169.47 9,371.42 South African Expedition ... meee : 6,000.00 Express and other charges, 2... = LAG Travelling and other expenses . 1,364.70 24.6.24 TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 13 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916: SG Faerie es ac ee Rn eee cae $ 2,852.80 Cash on hand Pe SEES en Se 100.00 2,952.80 S 19,688.92 H. R. Mircsett, Percy R. Pyne, Chief Clerk. Treasurer. January 1, 1917. Stokes’ Bird Fund Schedule. 5. Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915: (CAGIN Orin: 71 BEAT Fe =, Ree ete as eee ONS cies SOM, rete eee eee $ 2277.29 Investment: $5,000 Illinois Central Railway 4% Gold SOT G Sameera: ee ED Mel Sow Rd SORE 5,056.46 A GSB RYT is RECEIPTS. MMECTES GON INVES UMENG? 2. ...2- ne een ee ee a 200.00 $ 5,533.75 EXPEQSDITURES IPIREGEAEOMM. Ge Jovings Fl lh ee ee ene ens ee teen 418.75 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916: (CEI ane Fite yl Bz Ti fear Pa Se AD nee oe ei een Seat en ek $s 58.54 Investment: $5,000 Illinois Central Railway 4% Gold BONG Seem ee ee ee a etl ee Pa Mee 5,056.46 5,115.00 $ 5,533.75 H. R. MircH ett, Percy R. Pyne, Chief Clerk. Treasurer. January 1, 1917. National Collection of Geads and Borns Schedule 6. Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915.00. $ 320.36 RECEIPTS. Special Subscriptions: \WWensoimt [Bo IDNO RINE: xn eee reer ew eee, on IU OO, AON away: As BU oe eee 15.00 190.00 HOC OTE ANC CO TEN eg (EL eUINS LC 1) eee 600.00 $ 1,110.36 EXPENDITURES. eadssand sElorns) 2 Ae ae Bie eee et eae entre i $ 1,017.90 EFSOLESSMeCLIO Cle LEN Tee CELDT; OOS ese eee ere 13.57 1,031.47 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916.00. ee 78.89 $ 1,110.36 H. R. Mirrcwett, Percy R. Pyne, Chief Clerk. Treasurer. January 1, 1917. 140 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Library Fund Schedule 7. Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915 ...ccccccccccssccsccseue $ 94.68 RECEIPTS. Income: A ceounty (UGAMSLET)), yee eae eer eee 500.00 $ 594.68 EXPENDITURES. Subscriptionstoperiod cals ieee cess oe ome eee ee $ 118.56 Books, Pamphlets, ete. ............. : 178.82 Baxpresssandsother (Char cess a. ee ee eee ee 2.01 299.39 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916.00.00. 295.29 $ 594.68 H. R. Mircue tn, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, Treasurer. January 1, 1917. Maintenance Fund AQUARIUM Schedule 8. RECEIPTS. Received from the City on Account of Aquarium Mainte- nance Appropriation of $47,000.00 for the yeav.............. $40,266.32 Due from the City on account of Aquarium Mainte- nance Appropriation Wnexpended! balance tases 1 ee ee $47,000.00 EXPENDITURES. Salaries: 2... Ee eee eter ea el aR I ERM $32,666.97 uel ee 4,614.26 Bishtood ee 1,647.25 Office supplies 209.23 Laundry, cleaning and disinfecting supplies... 108.40 Refrigeratinieecup plies ee ee ee a 100.13 Generaleplant (supplicsit en ee = 362.71 Officesec Ula Cnt ee eee ee 85.33 General plant equipment. ..... ee ee 1,675.72 General -plant-materials| = > ee eee 682.67 Repairs. ........ Ee kine eee ene es sae see ate a *2,736.97 |= TF Ot a Sree eae eee perience See | AAO Expressage Se a ae a ot ree 280.82 Telephone. .......... ee Fe ee En ae eee ere Eee 148.51 Contingencies 2... SOLE ee cot Zahm ad ee we Se ON Re 141.06 Wearing apparel), .cxa ea ckestce tee caer een ene ee eee 91.50 Unexpended® balance” 2 ees ee ees 3.57 $47,000.00 Rogert Surcirre, Clerk. Prrcy R. Pyne, January 29, 1917. Treasurer. * Includes $1,800.00 contract for alteration of tanks, but not actually dis- bursed at December 31, 1916. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 141 Endowment Fund Schedule 9. Funds as of December 31, 1915: Os RPTTIN ES IM ae rec re cere na Sg Soca Pr ON eOO Investments at cost .............. Rarer ei _... 338,340.00 $340,312.80 RECEIPTS. Endowment Fund: Bistatem one Vis me VLOTTISe Ke tol @SSUIp see ree entrees eee ers 8,750.00 Wer bes Wiensbens Mus) 22 eae Se eat 2,700.00 $351,762.80 Investments as of December 31, 1916, at cost: $20,000 Westchester Racing Association 5% First Mort- ID Aas OC Sn a eo eae $ 20,000.00 3,000 Second Mortgage, Clara N. Gibert and others, 6% over land and buildings, Broadway and TCA Ss SSN Ce 2) Ra here a sete todo ae etreypcaen i ie 3,000.00 5,000 Colorado & Southerm 49% Bovis... ceccecccce cence 4,750.00 5,000 Michigan Central R. R. Co. 4%. Bonds.............. 4,950.00 10,000 New York City 1957 4% Corporate Stock... 9,925.00 10,000 New York City 1957 4% Corporate Stock : 962.50 20,000 New York City 1958 4% Corporate Stock 75.00 10,000 New York City 1958 4% Corporate Stock 2.50 13,400 New York City 1965 4% % Corporate Stock............. 13,651.25 10,000 St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba 4% Bonds.......... 9,800.00 50,000 U. S. Steel Sinking Fund 5% Bonds... 51,812.50 50,000 American Telephone & Telegraph 4% Bonds... 45,000.00 25,000 Rhode Island Suburban Ry. Co. 4% Bonds............ 21,250.00 20,000 Chicago & Northwestern Ry. Co. General Mort- gages, Dongs y.S 19,750.00 20,000 Vandalia Railroad Co. Consolidated Mortgage GES SV BYOSING (Sie pre ee a ee ree eee Bee oe aes 19,400.00 5,000 Missouri & Illinois Bridge & Belt R. R. Co. Ist INVonbo:al Se AC Fai O1N CS een tee nee eee 5,000.00 10,000 Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Ist Mort- el oer Al oy OS ONG ert a eee 9,525.00 12,000 Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Ist Mort- FEM) NYE, SN BYONING Sscerectcerereeecee 11,250.00 6,000 New York, Lackawanna & Western 4% Terminal UTP O RONSON, BOON ae ee 5,940.00 20,000 Milwaukee, Sparta & Northwestern Ist Mortgage AN C7 eames OT) CLS petra sees eo ee eee aro 18,900.00 25,000 New York & Westchester Lighting Company Gen- eral Mortgage 4% Gold Coupon Bonds... 19,750.00 1,000 Morris & Essex R. R. 334% Bond... 876.25 5,000 Illinois Central and Chicago, St. Louis & New OnleanswoobOndsy = 5,000.00 9,000 Baltimore and Ohio (Pittsburgh, Lake Erie & West Virginia) Ry. 4% Refunding Bonds......... 7,920.00 $347,250.00 Uninvested balance, December BS, V9 VG oi... cecccccceccccccceeseeseeececeeee 4,512.80 $351,762.80 H. R. MrrcHe1t1, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, January 1, 1917. Treasurer. Aa NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Endowment Fund Jucome Account Schedule 10. RECEIPTS. Interest collected from Endowment Fund Investment......... $15,228.00 $15,228.00 EXPENDITURES. Accrued interest on bonds at time of purchase... a 17.00 Transferred, to) Income “ACCouite eee evapora semesters 15,211.00 $15,228.00 H. R. MircHe rt, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, January 1, 1917. Treasurer. Cadwalader Animal Fund Schedule 11. Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915: @ash ints an keen ence mere Bae ne Se OR Oe ee ee $ 788.89 Investment: $20,000 (at par) Illinois Central and Chicago, St. Louis & New Orleans joint 5% DS Or Se ea ee ee ee 20,000.00 $20,788.89 RECEIPTS. Interest vom wives Ene Di ieee a ee ee eee 1,000.00 $21,788.89 Transferred to Animal Fund.................... Ss NY OO RN $ 1,288.89 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916: Investment: $20,000 (at par) Illinois Central and Chicago, St. Louis & New Orleans joint 5% Bond Sie ce eee ak tte $20,000.00 Cais pe Bn eee eee ee ree See Pe aerate 500.00 20,500.00 $21,788.89 H. R. MircHeit1, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne; January 1, 1917. Treasurer. Wild Life Fund Schedule 12. Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915... $ 648.64 RECEIPTS. Salevot, (Our Vanishing, Wild life;e= = aaa a $ 180.75 TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 143 EXPENDITURES. Melepraphe and Express) so. nee $ 17.59 Miscellaneous expenses 82.50 100.09 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916... 729.30 $ 829.39 H. R. MircHett, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, January 1, 1917. Treasurer. Improvement and Repair Account Schedule 13. Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915.00. $ 1,762.36 RECEIPTS. Gra MIN ECON i Speen ere a eran ee $ 8,455.10 New York Association for Improving the Condition of emt OO Lage se ee ee ek ee 959.00 9,414.10 $ 11,176.46 EXPENDITURES. Guandecence al, elephantehouse.-. 2-2 105.18 LES IST URES Ba) OPE Ss ae en a ene ce 28.87 Woncretespenches =a. = ae ROEM, 322.93 Cran; Came rea Sap rere tetra re eel es ca eh ae 128.52 Tree pruning . ee 578.67 RAVING Cela O US tyes esa oe Ly ee i 207.02 VERT Keer OL CT COS ress eke a ae a enter e 709.77 East side improvements... .. 1,403.55 PEZT Tee cA ea abo LV DS Vgc oer eee et eee eee 296.00 UV fet lice Yo ULI) ae ea eae a Sacra eeaeeeta aoe 1,756.41 SSI LEC Te yp A vINOMD aes tne ee See Pe cai ened 568.44 Mammal house repairs ee lls rts: Primates house =.= == i 2.61 GVA GG Les 97a 05 08 Ue eer Se ee 749.83 Rie pilem NOUSes Rs ee eee 201.70 Automobile garage . 701.91 New storage shed 118.62 9,599.81 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916... 1,576.65 $ 11,176.46 H. R. MircuHett, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 144 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Carnegie Peusion Find Schedule 14. Funds as of December 31, 1915: Investments malts CO Sys eerre ree eee $100,066.25 Funds as of December 31, 1916: Investments at cost: $25,000 Philadelphia & Baltimore First Monteaee ie GoldeBonds as wp 23,250.00 25,000 Lehigh Coal & Navigation 4 Vy % “Bonds eniennee G4 37500 25,000 Tlinois Central 4% Bonds... ee om enn ae ORY) 5,000 Morris & Essex 3144 % Bonds... DO en ee ARO MID 25,000 Chicago & Northwestern fete Bonds... Bet ee .. 23,687.50 1,000 Michigan Central 34% % Bond. cccccccnnnnnennnnnenne 817.50 $100,066.25 H. R. Mrrcwe tz, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, January 1, 1917. Treasurer. RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES OF THE Peusion Fund Income Account Schedule 15. Uninvested balance as of December 31, 1915: Deposited with Farmers’ Loan & Trust Cou... $4,595.77 Deposited with Corn Exchange, Bank (Bronx)... 372.68 $ 4,968.45 UN vies tients, at COS bee erect ee 10,075.00 RECEIPTS. Interest on bamk balances... cecccccccccesesceeeee 75.12 Interest on;bond anvestments 2. = 538.00 Dues collected from Zoological Society Kmployees.... 3,144.39 Contributed by New York Zoological Society: Interest on Carnegie Pension Fund Investments . $4,335.00 Cash apayments,. years OMG a oe ee ee 3,915.00 *8,250.00 $27,050.96 EXPENDITURES. Refund of dues with accrued interest to resigning mem- PRET Se cetera A IRIs Rae Se elec ence cere ee Q17.12 Clerical services 250.00 Physical examinations (made by Dr. G. J. Van der Smis- SES OU) Yee age ere ee sete eee eee 9.00 Death benefits paid during year 1916... epee 369.23 845.35 Investments at cost: $5:000 New York City 446% Bonds ee $ 5,093.75 5,000 Illinois Central and Chicago, St. Louis & New Or- leans) Ry. joint’ 5%) Bonds eo ae 4,981.25 Carried forward ccc 1 ec Re MO 8 ne tea ec $ 10,075.00 *Balance of $250.00 due from the Zoological Society on 1915 account included. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 145 ES OU GILG II ON TOOT, 1) Ce see eta ti neg ts as $ 10,075.00 75,000 Milwaukee, Sault Ste. Marie & Atlantic Ry. first LINES. Al BY oy 0 V0 [pee ee Sami eR i, Pan re rr . 4,868.75 74,000 Baltimore and Ohio (Pittsburgh, Lake Erie & West Virginia) Ry. 4% Refunding Bonds... 3,520.00 +5,000 ‘Twenty-third Street Improvement & Refunding DIC Sams ONS eee cee re en ok eee ene A ese et 4,825.00 23,288.75 Uninvested balance as of December 31, 1916: Deposited with Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co... $ 2,416.91 Deposited with Corn Exchange Bank (Bronx)............ 499.95 2,916.86 $27,050.96 y+ Purchased during 1916. H. R. MircwHet1, Asst. to Treas. Percy R. Pyne,. January 1, 1917. Treasurer. Cropical Research Fund Schedule 16. Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915.00.00... $ 5,000.00 RECEIPTS. Special Subscription: PANTRY Hae gee CHE AVE tT ene eo Oe fe cen ec ee ED 1,000.00 $ 6,000.00 EXPENDITURES. rpbettve fe CineChinn ge CUT AUT cence sccec rere seer $ 2,303.96 Travelling expenses 1,125.00 MVitis Cell ae O US exp) CT SCS) eee asec ee Oo au 5,982.43 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916.00.00... 17.57 $ 6,000.00 H. R. MircHet., Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 146 Art Gallery Fund Schedule 17. NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY RECEIPTS. Transferreditromy Income Alccount2... ees $ 3,770.65 Special Subscriptions: @pdeny vVTillis pes een toe eee ae eee er $ 250.00 CASE Die teri Cheer ese ee 2 ee 250.00 Fllenrey) Mis ilo hig eas eee eee ee eee eee 250.00 Cleveland) 4H “Dod sei ese ae ne eee eee eee 250.00 Taspenard “Stewarts eee ae eee 250.00 George: Js \Gouldye en oat ee ee 250.00 Watson B. Dickerman 250.00 Montinien sb S chit: ss ae ee ee 250.00 Josephs McA een ang =o sa eae oe ee 250.00 Brake (Ke SS Ue esr ie ee eee ee 250.00 Percy. Re (Pyne. 22 8 ee es ee eee 250.00 Gre Org EE TB aie roe ie ere rien ee 250.00 BS) (Gray BRO Ur IG ois eae ee ee 250.00 Pie hook sie Peal co 0 eee ee nn eee eee UE eS ee al 250.00 Grant (Bs ‘Schley ge 2.2.2 eee 250.00 Edw. S. Harkness 250.00 Andrew Carnegie 250.00 4,250.00 $ 8,020.65 EXPENDITURES. Oil= paintings, 4. 1,250.00 MES cellameous ex PeMSes xtc eee ee 5.73 1,255.73 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916: Available for expenditure during 19V 7 ..ccc.cccc-ccccconctecned $ 6,264.92 Received on account of subscriptions paid in advance for 1918, 1919 Ns mee Conse Ba ee pene ARC Org EN ES! 500.00 6,764.92 $ 8,020.65 H. R. MircHett1, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, January 1, 1917. Treasurer. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 147 Publication Fund Schedule 18. RECEIPTS. Special Subscriptions: Robert S. Brewster ...... Re ee eee OOO!00 eee SCHETIMELENONM ice 1,000.00 IRChie, (Se laleidlenensy Se 1,000.00 @levelandeiih Dod cere meee eee. 1,000.00 Emerson MeMillin 1,000.00 Anthony R. Kuser 1,000.00 $ 6,000.00 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916.00 $ 6,000.00 H. R. MircHerz, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, January 1, 1917. Treasurer. Geads and Horns Building Hind Schedule 19. RECEIPTS. Special Subscription: MirsekinedenickHerris le homipSOnh ae see $ 5,000.00 Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916............................ $ 5,000.00 H. R. MircH ett, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, January 1, 1917. Treasurer. MARWICK, MITCHELL, PEAT & CO. CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS Zia WAC SiRE ET NEW YORK Auditors’ Certificate We have audited the books and accounts of the New York Zoological Society, and of the “Carnegie Pension Fund” for the year ending December 31, 1916, and certify that the foregoing Schedules, “1” to “17,” of cash receipts and expendi- tures are in accordance with the books, and correctly record the transactions re- lating to the Funds of the Society and the “Carnegie Pension Fund” for the year 1916, and the condition of the various Funds as of December 31, 1916. The sub- scriptions, donations and dues reported as received and the income from invest- ments, have been properly accounted for, and the securities and cash in bank and on hand at December 31, 1916, as shown in the accounts of the Funds presented herewith, have been duly checked and found in order. Schedule “3” includes expenditures amounting to $1,380.33 made through the Park Department of the City of New York which have not been verified by us, but we have incorporated them in the statements submitted, so that these may be com- lete. y Marwick, MircHert, Peat & Co., Chartered Accountants. 79 Wall Street, New York, February 23, 1917. Report of the Auditing Committee OF THE NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY To The President and Board of Managers Of The New York Zoological Society: Dear Sirs:— We beg to report we have examined the annual audit of the books and ac- counts of the New York Zoological Society for the year ending December 31, 1916, as made by Messrs. Marwick, Mitchell, Peat & Company, Chartered Ac- countants, and herewith submit the same to you as a complete and satisfactory audit of said books and accounts, including the Carnegie Pension Fund and the Pension Fund Income Account, all expenditures and receipts of the various ac- counts being clearly set forth, and it appearing that the cash on hand and at the various depositories has been verified and found correct, and all securities in which the funds of the Society are invested have been examined and found as reported. Expenditures made through the Park Department of the City of New York have not been verified by this audit as such moneys have not passed through the hands of this Society, but are in due course checked and verified by the Comp- troller of the City. Respectfully submitted, WiniaM Wuite Nites, Chairman. LisPENARD STEWART. Antuony R. Kuser. Hist of Accessions, 1916 BY THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY AT THE ZOOLOGICAL PARK. BY GIFT Apvams, B. F., Jacksonville, Fla.: 1 Searlet King Snake, 1 Florida Garter Snake, 1 Chicken Snake, 1 Pygmy Snake. ‘Total, 4 specimens. Apamson, Cuarzes, Ch. Engr. S. S. Muncaster Castle, Tompkinsville, S. I.: Pig-Tailed Monkeys (2 specimens). ALLEN, Mrs. Georcr, New York City: Cotton-headed Marmoset. Auten, Capt. G. A., Nyack, N. Y.: Alligators (2 specimens). Austin, E. H., Gaylordsville, Conn.: 1 Holbell’s Grebe, 3 Wood Tortoises. BALKELAND, G. W., Yonkers, N. Y.: Red Fox. Banxs, Mrs. Anetia, New York City: Tovi Parakeet. Barnes, Dana A., Boston, Mass.: 1 Black Hog-Nosed Snake, 4 Garter Snakes, 2 Water Snakes, 1 Milk Snake. Total, 8 specimens. Beprorp, H. M., United Fruit Co., New York City: 1 Costa Rica Boa, 3 Central American Boas, 1 Central American Tree Snake. Total, 5 specimens. BrEuHANn, James J., Otisville, N. Y.: 1 Bull Frog, 1 Horned Owl. Beypen, H., Brooklyn, N. Y.: Virginia Cardinal. Betz, E. Layton, Flushing, L. I.: 12 Banded Rattlesnakes, 13 Copperhead Snakes. Bett, E. Layton, Jr., Flushing, L. I.: Alligators (2 specimens). Bicetow, W. C., New Rochelle, N. Y.: Hooded Sapajou Monkey. Birper, Craries, New York City: Barred Owl. Brake, Cuaries H., Glenburnie-on-Lake-George, N. Y.: Pilot Blacksnake. Buressinc, Anotpu, Bolton Landing, N. Y.: Spotted Salamander. Boys’ Crus, THe, New York City: Alligator. Bourne, Frepertck G., Oakdale, L. I.: Peafowl (2 specimens). Brosz, Joun F., New York City: Screech Owl. Brown, Miss Sytvia E., Dobbs Ferry, N. Y.: Opossum. Brucceman, Miss ANNa, New York City: Canary. Bucxiey, Morvimer, Patrolman 68th Precinct, New York City: Opossum. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 151 Buist, Master ALeExanper, New York City: Snapping Turtles (2 specimens ). Caruart, LinpeEN SreEveNs, Brooklyn, N. Y.: American Crow. Cuaree, J. G., Langley, S. C.: 2 Corn Snakes, 1 Hog-Nosed Snake, 1 King Snake, 1 DeKay Snake, 1 Rib- bon Snake. Total, 6 specimens. Cuarin, Mrs. C. N., New York City: Mute Swans (3 specimens). Cuurcn, A., Newark, N. J.: Alligator. Crakk, E., Jr., Albany, N. Y.: , Opossum. Cuirrorp, J. J., Brooklyn, N. Y.: Alligators (2 specimens). Cor, Miss M. S., New York City: 1 Blue Solitaire, 1 Shassa ‘Thrush, 1 Blacksap, 1 Skylark, 1 Yellow-headed Amazon Parrot. Total, 5 specimens. Core, Master Watson C., New York City: Chameleon. Connotiy, Mrs. Cuaries E., New York City: Wood Thrush. Cranpati, Dr. F. A., Zoological Gardens, Buffalo, N. Y.: Hudsonian Curlew. Cross, Wasuineron M., East Orange, N. J.: White-faced Sapajou Monkey. CruiksHANK, Dr. Omar T., Pittsburgh, Pa.: Bunch of Salamander Spawn. Cutter, Vicror M., Limon, Costa Rica: Giant Caciques (2 specimens). DarDINGKILLER, F. M., Sergeant 2nd Brigade, N. G. N. Y., Brooklyn, N. Y.: Alligators (2 specimens). Davis, Miss Exste, New York City: White-faced Sapajou Monkey. Davis, Mrs. J. M., Tarrytown, N. Y.: Squirrel Monkeys (3 specimens). Day, Lee Garnett, New York City: 1 Ocelot, 1 Bay Lynx. Day, Carr. WitiraM F., 40th Precinct, New York City: Opossum. Dersy, G. H., New York City: Scarlet Tanager. Drrmars, R. L., Scarsdale, N. Y.: 1 Red Coati Mundi, 1 Hog-nosed Snake. Dorn, Ricnarp, Upper Montclair, N. J.: Blue Jays (5 specimens). DreNNAN, Dr. JENNIE G., Quarantine Station, S. I.: Java Monkey. Drew SEMINARY FOR YOUNG WomeEN, Carmel, N. Y.: Alligator. Epwin, Watrer, New York City: Alligator. Eecretinc, Orro, New York City: W oodchuck. Emmerson, Warrer R., New Rochelle, N. Y.: Herring Gull. Empire Crry Rrere anp Revotver Crus, New York City: English Ring-neck Pheasant. 152 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Encertnarpt, Grorce P., Brooklyn, N. Y.: 8 Arizona Tree Toads, I Desert Swift. Evans, Miss M. C., New York City: Canary. Fenno, H. Brapier, Boston, Mass.: King Snake. Fereuson, Master Ropert, New York City: Horned Lizard. Forrencer, A. E., Grantwood, N. J.: Green-cheeked Amazon Parrot. Frepericks, Greorce, Astoria, L. I.: American Robin. Freeman, H., New York City: Skunk. Frost, Miss L., New York City: Marmosets (2 specimens). Gittam, Artuour L., Flushing, L. I.: 12 Banded Rattlesnakes, 18 Copperhead Snakes, 15 Timber Rattlesnakes, 2 Southern Green Snakes, 1 Gopher Snake, 1 Chicken Snake, 1 Box Turtle. Total, 50 specimens. Gitmore, Witiiam, Brooklyn, N. Y.: Black-crowned Night Heron. Greene, P. E. N., Shrewsbury, N. J.: Coyote. Grirritu,’ Dr. F., Belmar, N. J.: Hog-nosed Snake. Gross, Evcenr, New York City: Saw-Whet Owl. Grossman, Master Frank, New York City: Alligator. Harr, THomas G., New Rochelle, N. Y.: Black Squirrel. Harroip, Exmer, Leetonia, Ohio: Barn Owl. Harreick, Master Vincent, New York City: Marmoset. Haupt, H., Jr., South Haven, Mich.: Hog-nosed Snakes (2 specimens). Hecur, A., Larchmont, N. Y.: Screech Owl. Hep, J., Bronxville, N. Y.: Pigeons (18 specimens). Hiticrest, Oswatp, New York City: Barbary Turtle Dove. Hirttarp, J. D., Fort Ann, N. Y.: Great Horned Owl. Hocuperrrer, Mrs. Mary J., Harbor Haven, L. I.: Herring Gull. HortzmMan, Wiiu1am, New York City: Alligators (2 specimens). Horssrucnu, Cor. Born R., Oxted, Surrey, England: Ring-necked Ducks (2 specimens). Howarp, O. F., New York City: Bahama Tree Toads (3 specimens). Huser, Master Grorcr, New York City: 8 Garter Snakes, 49 DeKay Snakes. Huu, Hersert, New York City: Tarantula. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Liss! Humpnureys, M. V., New York City: Gray Squirrel. , Huntiey, Franx C., New York City: Flying Squirrel. : Is—EHorRN, Gustav, New York City: Alligator. ; Joseru, Exxis S., Sydney, N.S.W., Australia: Great Grey Kangaroo. Kawnst, Grorce O., New York City: Virginia Rail. 2 KetcHam, Irvine M., Glen Head, L. I.: 14 Two-lined Salamanders, 3 Marbled Salamanders, 1 Tiger Salamander, 1 Batch Salamander Eggs, 18 Water Newts, 1 Gray Tree Toad, 2 Com- mon Toads, 4 Cricket Frogs, 2 Wood Frogs, 8 Pickerel Frogs, 1 Painted Turtle, 1 Canada Porcupine. Total, 55 specimens. KInsEL, Greorce J., West Orange, N. J.: Water Snake and 45 young. Kix, Epwarp B., Manaos, Brazil: 1 Festive Amazon Parrot, 1 Blue and Yellow Macaw, 1 White-throated Seed- eater, 1 Woolly Monkey, 1 Spider Monkey, 1 Golden Agouti, 1 Boa Constrictor. Total, 7 specimens. Kuepsterx, Lester, New York City: Saw-Whet Owl. Kuresert, J.. New York City: Toyi Parakeets (2 specimens). Kwoxsie, W., New York City: American Sparrow Hawk. Kworr, Miss Emma, New York City: Blue-Fronted Amazon Parrot. Kocn, Miss E., New York City: Canary. Kuser, Cot. AntHony R., Bernardsville, N. J.: 68 Golden Pheasants, 60 Silver Pheasants, 13 Lady Amherst Pheasants, 10 Rink-neck Pheasants, 4 Black-Breasted Pheasants, 4 Lineated Pheas- ants, 2 Black-crested Pheasants, 6 Black-throated Pheasants, 1 Cheer Pheasant, 1 Swinhoe Pheasant, 1 Eared Pheasant, 2 Elliot Pheasants, 2 Horsfield Pheasants, 1 Mongolian Pheasant, 1 Impeyan-Silver Pheas- ant Hybrid, 4 Swinhoe-Silver Pheasant Hybrids, 1 Pheasant-Fowl Hy- brid, 1 Ceylon Jungle Fowl-Domestic Fowl Hybrid, 36 Hybrid Ring- neck Pheasants, 2 Victoria Crowned Pigeons, 1 Nicobar Pigeon, 1 Blue and Yellow Macaw, 20 Mallard Ducks, 1 Paradise Sheldrake, 2 Ruddy Sheldrakes, 1 Pintail Duck, 1 Whistling Swan, 1 Whooping Swan, 2 European Brant, 1 Lesser Snow Goose, 1 Ross Goose, 1 Wood-Mallard Hybrid. Total, 253 specimens. Lapensure, Miss E. M., Westbury, L. I.: Grizzly Bear Cub. Larson, Miss Estuer, Hoboken, N. J.: South American Parakeets (2 specimens). Lewis, Henry W., Nashville, Tenn.: Red-shouldered Hawk. Liyprotu, Master Grorce, New York City: Alligators (2 specimens). Livrrotr, R. P., Brooklyn, N. Y.: White-faced Sapajou Monkey. Liscuxe, Masters G. and H., New York City: 8 Garter Snakes, 49 DeKay Snakes. McGrut, Dr. W. H., New York City: Alligators (2 specimens). 154 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY McKean, M., New York City: Marmoset. ; McPuaiz, G. A., New York City: Yellow-Fronted Amazon. Marcersu, Jor, New York City: 3 Central American Boas, 1 Flat-Headed Tree Snake. Marckres, Grorce M., Sharon, Conn.: Horned Grebe. MeNCHEN, '‘THeopoRE, Woodhaven, L. I.: Black Snakes (3 specimens). Miter, Master Jacos, New York City: Alligator. j Mitiwarp, Russert Hastines, New York City: 1 Jaguar, 1 White-nosed Coati Mundi. Miner, Dr. F. C., New York City: Green-cheeked Amazon Parrot. Monracve, E., Hyndsville, N. Y.: Swainson Hawk. Monrose, Master Exiswortn, New York City: Opossum. Moore, Mrs. JonarHan, Bronxville, N. Y.: Alligator. Mosire, C. A., Lemon City, La.: 2 Diamond-back Rattlesnakes, 1 Water Moccasin. Myer, J. W., New York City: Tovi Parakeets (3 specimens). Myers, Mrs. F'., New York City: Yellow-shouldered Amazon Parrot. Nevitz, P. J., Somerville, N. J.: Red-shouldered Hawk. N. Y. Aquarium, New York City: 1 Iguana, 1 Alligator. N. Y. Srare Conservation Commission, Albany, N. Y.: English Ring-neck Pheasants (6 specimens). Norris, Mrs. Lewis R., New York City: Scarlet Tanager. Nycaarp, I. O., New York City: Green Monkey. Orrter, Dr. Turopore EKucenr, Augusta, Ga.: Coral Snake. Ousen, L., New York City: Sew-Whet Owl. Oxrsen, O. L.., Boonsboro, Md.: Ring-neck Snake. Oxsex, Frep, New York City: Snapping Turtle. Pace, Mrs. Epwarp A., New York City: 12 Undulated Grass Parakeets, 5 Yellow Parakeets. Parner, Kenyon V., Cleveland, Ohio: Spot-billed Toucanel. Parker, Foster, Cayuga, N. Y.: Blue-Wing Teal. Parker, Watrter E., Chicago, IIL: Texas Rattlesnake. Paut, J. J.. Watertown, Fla.: 1 Pair Skunks, 1 Northern Fox Squirrel, 1 Southern Fox Squirrel. 4. specimens. Pavuut, J. F., Jr., Wheeling, W. Va.: 1 Great Horned Owl, 1 Cooper’s Hawk. Total, TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Pavutsen, N. F., New York City: Kinkajou. Prenpieton, C. V., Norwich, Conn.: E55) 2 Hog-nosed Snakes, 1 Alligator, 2 Spotted Turtles. Total, 5 specimens. Peters, Wittiam, New York City: Olive-backed ‘Thrush. Puitaverpnia Zootocicay Garpens, through R. D. Carson, Supt., Philadelphia, Pa.: Coypu Rats (3 specimens). Porice Precincr No. 63, New York City: Raccoon. Poxtiock, G. Freeman, Skyland, Va.: 5 Timber Rattlesnakes, 6 Copperhead Snakes. Puxirzer, Ratpu, New York City: Canada Lynx. Purce.zt, Mrs. F. M., New York City: Gray Java Sparrow. Pyrorer, Wittiam, New York City: White-faced Sapajou Monkey. Quanpt, Paur, New York City: Bull Snake. Quick, Cuester G., Spuyten Duyvil, N. Y.: Opossum. Raptey, Witt1am P., New York City: Alligator. Reep, S. K., New York City: Red-shouldered Hawks (2 specimens). Recan, Emmerr, New York City: Roseate Cockatoo. Renexker, C. P., New York City: Flying Squirrels (3 specimens). Reynotps, Mrs. H. L., New York City: Mute Swans (2 specimens). Rozert, Mavame Berrur, New York City: Rhesus Monkey. Rogrnson Bros., San Francisco, Calif.: Red Entellus Monkey. Romanorr, Prerer, New York City: Red-shouldered Hawks (2 specimens). Rosr, Mrs., New York City: Alligator. RoseNnBERG Bros., New York City: Pair Red Foxes. Rossperc, Kurt, New York City: Fish Crow. Rowixanp, G. T., Mt. Vernon, N. Y.: Opossum. Saceman, Mrs. Joun, Brooklyn, N. Y.: Virginia Rail. SanpgBacu, C., New York City: 1 Java Sparrow, 1 Cut-throat Finch, 2 Troupials, 2 Moriche Orioles. 6 specimens. Scnacut, F. H., Jersey City, N. J.: 2 Colonies of Bees, Beehives and fittings for same. Scuapt, Master Henry, New York City: Flying Squirrel. ScHarrer, L.. J., Corona, L. I.: Central American Boa. Total, 156 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Scutecuta, J. J., Patchogue, L. L: Woolly Monkey. Scuneiver, H. G., New York City: American Sparrow Hawk. Scnutman, Master Max, New York City: Wood Tortoise. Serrorp, Mrs. L., Grantwood, N. J.: Alligator. SueLpon, Cuarites, New York City: Horned Lizards (3 specimens). Suiexp, F. K., Kamp Kiametha, N. J.: American Sparrow Hawks (4 specimens), SHOEMAKER, Henry W., McElhattan, Pa.: 1 Bald Eagle, 2 Bay Lynxes. Stocum, J. J.. New York City: Amazon Parrot. Smitu, Howarp C., Jr., New York City: 1 Gray Squirrel, 1 Alligator. Snake Kine, W. A., Brownsville, Texas: 1 Mexican Boa, 1 Mexican Rattlesnake, 1 Mexican Skink. Total, 3 speci- mens. Speck, Dr. F. G., Philadelphia, Pa.: 1 Desert Tortoise, 1 Red Salamander, 2 Pickering Tree Toads, 2 Slimy Salamanders, 2 Spotted Salamanders, 1 Southern Tree Frog, 1 Jumping Mouse. Total, 10 specimens. Spence’s Scroot, Miss, New York City: 2 European Bullfinches, 1 European Goldfinch, 1 European Siskin, 1 White- headed Manniken, 2 Long-tailed Grassfinches, 3 Melodious Grassquits, 1 Saffron Finch. Total, 11 specimens. Sreiz, Grorce H., New York City: Alligator. Srreeter, Corporat D. D., McAllen, Texas: Berlandier’s Tortoise. SrutsMan, Franx V., Twin Lakes, Pa.: 1 Timber Rattlesnake, 1 Storer’s Snake. Sumner, Mrs. Graname, Englewood, N. J.: Roseate Cockatoo. Surcrirre, Rosert, Douglas, Ariz.: Horned Lizards (9 specimens). Switzer, J. E., Ardsley-on-the-Hudson, N. Y.: Green-Winged Macaw. Tampervitte, Mr., New York City: Raccoon. Tarspox, Miss Cora I., Essex, Vt.: American Robins (2 speciemns). Taytor, W. Betz; Lima, Peru: Woolly Monkey. Trexttrorp, A. W., Wassaic, N. Y.: American Sparrow Hawk. Teremra, Mrs. L. J.. New York City: Troupial. Ter Marscu, Carr. K. J., S. S. Medan, Brooklyn, N. Y.: 1 Siamang, 1 Chevrotain. Trromas, Miss Crrmistrne, Brooklyn, N. Y.: 1 South American Boa, 1 Alligator. Ttrompson, Master Harry, New York City: Milk Snake. Trernan, Jomn, New York City: Alligators (9 specimens). TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 157 Van BeEnscuoren, B. L., White Plains, N. Y.: 1. English Rink-neck Pheasant, 1 Golden Pheasant. Von Buenren, Georce, New York City: Ribbon Snakes (2 specimens). : Von Dersten, Miss Fitorence, Hoboken, N. J.: Horned Toad. Wascstarr, Mrs. Davin, Tuxedo Park, N. Y.: Kinkajou. Watson, R. C., New York City: Alligator. Warter, Jutes A., New York City: 1 Corn Snake, 1 King Snake. Wartet, Louis, New York City: Sun Bittern. Went, A., New York City: Sapajou Monkey. Wernerre, F., Los Angeles, Calif.: 4 Greater Jerboas, 1 Pair Ring-tailed Cats, 2 Western Cotton-tail Rabbits, 4 German Dormice, 6 Kangaroo Mice, 3 Cyclodes. Total, 21 specimens. Weitrzer, Cuaries, New York City: Alligators (2 specimens): WENzEL, Epwarp, New York City: 1 Milk Snake, 1 Box Turtle. Westman, Grorce E., Bishop’s Crossing, Quebec, Canada: Great Horned Owl. Wuarton, THeopore W., Ithaca, N. Y.: Marmoset. Wuirtr, Mrs. A. C., New York City: Zebra Finch. Wuirre, Mrs. Sranrorp, St. James, L. I.: Snapping Turtle. Wituiams, J. Warner, Tampa, Fla.: Alligator. Winiramson, W. R., Tuckahoe, N. Y.: Alligator. Wutson, F. M., New Rochelle, N. Y.: Screech Owl. Witson, Mrs. M., New York City: Chameleon. WincHERMAN, W. S., New York City: Sphinx Baboon. Wo tverton, SAMvEL, Scarsdale, N. Y.: White Runt Pigeon. Woest, Henry, New York City: Horned Toad. Plants BY GIFT. Baxtcom, Mrs. I., New York City: Rubber Plant. National Collection of Geads and Horns BY GIFT AsBercroMBIE, Davin T., New York City: Panama White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus rothschildi). Antlers. Appireron, Cor. H., Victoria, British Columbia: Tian Shan Wapiti (Cervus canadensis asiaticus). Antlers. 158 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Brower, Crarves D., Barrow, Alaska: Musk-Ox Skull and Horns. Mammoth Molar ‘Tooth. Mastodon Molar Tooth. Grant, Mavison, New York City: Columbian Mountain Goat (Oreamnos montanus columbianus). Mounted Head. Harrison, Hon. Francis Burron, Manila, P. L.: Luzon Sambar Deer (Cervus philippinus). ‘Two pairs of Antlers. Philip- pine Carabao (Bos bubalis). Pair of Mounted Heads. MacDovear, Dr. Daniret T., Tucson, Ariz.: California Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus californicus). Antlers. BY PURCHASE. Irish Elk (Megaceros hibernicus). Antlers. Library AmeriCAN Game Protective AND Propacation Association, New York City: American Pheasant Breeding and Shooting, by E. A. Quarles. Brivis Museum or Natura History, The Trustees of the, London, England: Fresh Water Fishes of Africa. Vol. IIT. Ungulate Mammals in the British Museum of Natural History. Guide to the Fossil Remains of Man. Forsusu, E. H., Boston, Mass.: Report of Mass. State Board of Agriculture on the Gypsy Moth. 8 Annual Reports of the State Ornithologist. 13 Separate Papers on Bird Pro- tection. Grant, Mapison, New York City: The Country of the Dwarfs, by Paul du Chaillu. My Apingi Kingdom, by Paul du Chaillu. Lost in the Jungle, by Paul du Chaillu. Wild Life Under the Equator, by Paul du Chaillu. Stories of the Gorilla Country, by Paul du Chaillu. The Man Among the Monkeys, by Poly- dorus Marasquin. Martin’s Natural History. Merry’s Museum. Curi- osities of Entomology. Orrice Nationat Des Untversires er Ecores Francatses, Paris, France: La Science Francaise. Vols. I and II. AT THE AQUARIUM BY PURCHASE. During the year 2,652 specimens were purchased by the New York Zoological Society, as follows: Fourteen Muttonfishes, 1 Sandfish, 8 Sea Catfishes, 19 Grass Porgies, 4 Graysby, 35 Blue-striped Grunts, 28 Gray Snappers, 6 Red Groupers, 9 Nassau Groupers, 1 Brown Moray, 5 Spotted Morays, 1 Green Moray, 15 Spadefishes, 11 Salema, 81 Blue Heads, 81 Iridios, 9 Dog Snappers, 4 Yellow Tails, 1 Ocean Triggerfish, 3 Nurse Sharks, 1 Squirrelfish, 1 Batfish, 8 Margates, 1 Barracuda, 4 Silver Gars, 4 Silver Moonfishes, 1 Neverbite, 176 Beau Gregories, 92 Blue Angelfishes, 1 Queen Angelfish, 81 Black Angelfishes, 2 French Angelfishes, 69 Slippery Dicks, 2 Red Parrotfishes, 62 Rainbow Parrotfishes, 15 Blue Parrot- fishes, 3 Mud Parrotfishes, 2 Grunts, 62 White Grunts, 4 Gray Grunts, 75 Yel- low Grunts, 9 Bronze Grunts, 10 Leatherfishes, 42 Black-tailed Grunts, 67 Tom Tates, 114 Porkfishes, 36 Spot Snappers, 13 Schoolmasters, 1 Sand Grouper, 2 Anglers, 3 Flounders, 1 Rockfish, 7 Littlehead Porgies, 6 Jewfishes, 4 Scamp, 144 Spiny Boxfishes, 1 Mackerel, 24 Sergeant Majors, 15 Rock Hinds, 1 Marbled TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 159 Hamlet, 2 Four Eyes, 6 Southern Puffers, 1 Queen Triggerfish, 2 Pilotfishes, 9 Red Hogfishes, 15 Cowfishes, 5 Surgeonfishes, 1 Blue Tang, 12 Common Trig- gerfishes, 2 Amberfishes, 2 Octopi, 7 Pinfishes, 7 Black Groupers, 1 Brown Gregory, 4 Butterflyfishes, 6 Scorpionfishes, 6 Buffalo Trunkfishes, 1 Trunkfish, 5 Chubbs, 2 Red Hinds, 9 Jolthead Porgies, 1 Sharp-nosed Puffer, 15 Codfishes, 2 Pompano, 1 Broad Shad, 9 Pike Perch, 2 Sunfishes, 10 Catfishes, 8 Suckers, 6 Small-mouthed Black Bass, 14 Yellow Perch, 6 Sharp-nosed Sturgeon, I Lump- fish, 1 Blue Shark, 1 Blunt-nosed Shark, 1 Brown Shark, 13 Sea Horses, 2 Sand Sharks, 10 Yellow Mackerel, 9 Crevalle, 4 Blackfishes, 1 Sting Ray, 1 Eagle Ray, 4 Orange Filefishes, 63 Smooth Dogfishes, 2 Spined Dogfishes, 23 Shark Suckers, 52 Eels, 46 Croakers, 4 Striped Bass, 123 Red-winged Sea Robins, 68 Weakfishes, 2 Puffers, 23 Bluefishes, 41 Menhaden, 30 Prickly Skates, 9 Barn- door Skates, 8 Flukes, 33 Spots, 1 Rabbitfish, 26 Hakes, 7 Slimy Toadfishes, 3 Hammerhead Sharks, 7 Lebias, 1 Killyfish, | Manatee, 12 Hellbenders, 25 Mud- puppies, 5 Conchs, 4 Painted Turtles, 1 Troost’s Terrapin, 12 Yellow-bellied Slider Terrapin, 10 Cumberland Terrapin, 14 Side-necked Turtles, 1 Mata Mata Turtle, 2 Hawksbill Turtles, 1 Wood Turtle, 1 Cubbyu, 1 Riddlings Turtle, 9 Soft Shelled Turtles, 2 Loggerhead Turtles, 1 Green Turtle, 21 Stone Crabs, 9 Hermit Crabs, 30 Blue Crabs, 9 Spider Crabs, 75 Land Crabs, 38 Land Hermit Crabs, 3 Red Hermit Crabs, 3 Box Crabs, 44 Spiny Lobsters, 12 Lobsters, 1 Giant Lobster, 2 Locust Lobsters, 1 Pelican. BY GIFT. In the same period 369 specimens were donated to the New York Zoological Society, as follows: One Rabbitfish, 2 Sea Horses, 2 Muttonfishes, 1 Dogfish, 24 Rainbow ‘Trout, 31 Brook Trout, 1 Lamprey Eel, 1 Goldfish, 1 Deepsea Shark, 1 Peristedion minniatum, 20 Scallops, 79 Mussels, 44 Alligators, 5 Green Turtles, 21 Painted Turtles, 1 Yellow-bellied Slider Terrapin, 5 Box Turtles, 1 Diamond-backed Terrapin, 1 Florida Terrapin, | Muhlenberg Turtle, 1 Gopher, 1 Cumberland Terrapin, 2 Lobsters, 20 Crayfishes, 3 Mantis Shrimp, 12 Side-necked Tur- tles, 1 Centipede, 4 Leopard Frogs, 7 Bull Frogs, 15 Snapping Turtles, 8 Spotted Turtles, 4 Land Hermit Crabs, 31 Orchid Crabs, 1 Chameleon, 1 Water Snake, 10 Newts, 5 Porpoises. The total of 3,021 specimens were received during the year by purchase and donation. BY EXCHANGE. Detrorr Aquarium, Belle Isle, Detroit, Michigan: 10 Common Suckers, 5 Red-horse Suckers, 5 Pike Perch, 25 Sheepshead, 26 Rock Bass, 25 Bullheads, 5 Burbot, 5 Pike, 11 Gar Pike, 19 Pickerel, 3 Spotted Catfishes, 3 Stone Catfishes, 1 Chubb Sucker, 1 Mud Fish, J Muskalunge. Simpson, Mr. D. A., New York City: 2 sea horses and 6 Soft-shelled Turtles. Unity Hatcuery, Copake, N. Y. (Through Mr. E. C. Brown). 10 Pickerel. Che Aquarium Library BY GIFT. American Museum or Narurat History, New York City: Annual Report and Journal. 160 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Brooktyn Institute or Arts AND Sciences, Brooklyn, N. Y.: Annual Report, Museum News and Quarterly. Carnecie Instirurion or Wasuinoton, Washington, D. C.: Special Papers. Cuitpren’s Museum, Bedford Bark, Brooklyn, N. Y.: Bulletin for 1916. JENNINGS, Mr. G. E., New York City: “Fishing Gazette.” Nationat Museum, Washington, D. C.: Bulletin for 1916. SmirHsONIAN Institution, Washington, D. C.: Special Papers for 1916. U. S. Bureau or Fisuertes, Washington, D. C.: Report and Bulletins for 1916. Wineate, Mr. Haroxtp, New York City: Proceedings of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. CHARTER OF THE NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY CHAPTER 435, LAWS OF 1895. AN ACT to incorporate the New York Zoological Society and to provide for the establishment of a zoological garden in the city of New York. As amended by Chapter 146 of the Laws of 1902; and by Chapter 240 of the Laws of 1910. See Chapter 432 of the Laws of 1900, See Chapter of the city of New York, Section 626 of the Laws of 1901. The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows: Secrion 1. Charles A. Dana, Oswald Ottendorfer, Andrew H. Green, William H. Webb, Henry H. Cook, Samuel D. Babcock, Charles R. Miller, George G. Haven, J. Hampden Robb, Frederick W. DeVoe, J. Seaver Page, Rush C. Haw- kins, David James King, Wager Swayne, Charles A. Peabody, Jr., Charles E. Whitehead, Charles R. Flint, Samuel Parsons, Jr., Mornay Williams, Henry E. Gregory, Isaac W. Maclay, Isaac Rosenwald, Hugh N. Camp, Andrew D. Parker, Cornelius Van Cott, William F. Havemeyer, Frederick Shonnard, William W. Thompson, Alexander Hadden, Edward L. Owen, John H. Starin, Rush S. Huide- koper, William W. Goodrich, Albert H. Gallatin, Frederick S. Church, Edward C. Spitzka, Robert L. Niles, Madison Grant, C. Grant La Farge, William Van Valkenburg, and such other persons as may, under the provisions of its by-laws, become members of the corporation hereby created, are hereby created a body corporate and politic, by and under the name of the New York Zoological Society. Sec. 2. Said corporation shall have power to establish, maintain and control zoological parks, gardens, or other collections for the promotion of zoology and kindred subjects, and for the instruction and recreation of the people. Said cor- poration may collect, hold, and expend funds for zoological research and publica- tion, for the protection of wild animal life, and for kindred purposes, and may promote, form, and co-operate with other associations with similar purposes, and may purchase, sell, or exchange animals, plants, and specimens appropriate to the objects for which it was created. Sec. 3. The managers of said corporation shall have power to make and adopt by-laws for the management and government of its affairs and business, for the admission, suspension, and expulsion of its members, and for the terms and conditions of membership; to prescribe the number and mode of election of its officers; to define their duties; to provide for the safe-keeping of its property, and from time to time to alter and modify its By-laws. Sec. 4. The affairs and business of said corporation shall be managed and controlled by a board of managers, the number of whom shall be prescribed by the by-laws. The first board of managers shall be divided by lot into three classes, equal in number, one of which classes shall hold office for one year, an- other for two years, and the other for three years; and all persons elected to be managers at any subsequent election shall hold office for three years, and until others are elected in their stead. There shall be a president, two vice-presidents, treasurer and secretary, to be elected by the board of managers annually, who shall hold office until others are elected in their stead. The first meeting under 162 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY this act may be held at any time upon a notice of five days, signed by any five of the incorporators named in the first section of this act, fixing a time and place for such meeting, a copy whereof shall be mailed to each of said incorporators at his usual post-office address, and twelve of such incorporators shall be a quorum for the purpose of organization, adoption of by-laws, and election of officers. No manager of said corporation shall be interested, directly or indirectly, in any con- tract concerning its property or affairs. Sec. 5. Said corporation may raise money by the issue of bonds, secured by a mortgage on any or all of its property not acquired from said city or state. Sec. 6. Said corporation may take, purchase, and hold real and personal estate necessary for the purpose of its incorporation, and shall possess the general powers and be subject to the restrictions and liabilities prescribed in Article II of Chapter 23 of the Consolidated Laws, entitled “General Corporaton Law,” being chapter 28 of the Laws of 1909. Sec. 7. The commissioners of the sinking fund of the said city are authorized in their discretion to allot, set apart, and appropriate for the use of said corpora- tion, any of the lands belonging to said city north of One Hundred and Fifty- fifth street, but not in the Central Park, and such appropriation may be revoked if, after the expiration of five years from the passage of the act, a zoological garden is not established thereon; said grounds thus set apart and appropriated shall be used for no purpose whatsoever except those aforesaid. As soon as any lands are set apart the Mayor of the said city of New York, and the President of the Department of Parks of said city, shall become and be ex-officio members of the board of managers of said corporation. If at any time the animals now composing the menagerie at Central Park shall be removed therefrom by the authorities having charge thereof, said authorities may make an arrangement with the incorporators named in this act or the corporation formed by them for leasing or sale of such animals to such incorporators or corporation, and said incorporators or corporation shall have a preference over any other person or corporation in respect thereto upon the same terms which said authorities could make with any such other person or corporation, or upon such other terms as to such authorities may seem proper, but nothing herein provided shall be construed as giving the commissioners of the Department of Public Parks authority to sell, lease, transfer, or in any other wise dispose of said animals or other property connected with or belonging to said menagerie. Sec. 8. Admission to the said gardens shall be free to the public for at least four days, one of which shall be Sunday, in each week, subject to such rules and regulations as shall be prescribed by said corporation. Sec. 9. This act shall take effect immediately. NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE NEW YORK AQUARIUM CHAPTER 441, LAWS OF 1902. AN ACT to authorize a Yurther appropriation to the New York Zoological Society for the support of the New York Aquarium. As amended by Chapter 239 of the Laws of 1910. The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows: TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 163 Chapter four hundred and forty-one of the laws of nineteen hundred and two, entitled “An act to authorize a further appropriation to the New York Zoological Society for the support of the New York Aquarium,” is hereby amended to read as follows: Section 1. The Board of Estimate and Apportionment of the City of New York may annually, in its discretion, include in the budget for the then next en- suing financial year, in addition to any sum or sums which may be appropriated for the adequate support and maintenance of the New York Zoological Park or gardens, situated in the borough of the Bronx, and administered and controlled by the New York Zoological Society, a further sum or sums, in its discretion, for the use of the said New York Zoological Society, provided, however, that the addi- tional appropriation hereby authorized shall be made only in case an agreement is entered into between the said New York Zoological Society and the City of New York, acting by its Board of Estimate and Apportionment for the adequate keep- ing, maintenance, extension, preservation and exhibition of the building and ap- proaches thereto and collection of aquatic animals and plants contained therein, known as the New York Aquarium, situated in the Battery park in the Borough of Manhattan in said city, and also for furnishing opportunities for study, re- search and publication in connection with said collections, which contract the said Board of Estimate and Apportionment is hereby expressly authorized, in its discretion, to make upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed upon with the said New York Zoological Society, and which contract shall also provide how the duty of the commissioner of parks for the borough of Manhattan and Rich- mond in respect to maintaining the said aquarium now imposed upon him by law shall be performed. Sec. 2. This act shall take effect immediately. BY-LAWS OF THE NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMENDED TO JANUARY 21, 1914. ARTICLE I. MEETINGS OF THE SOCIETY. Section 1. The office and place of business of the New York Zoological Society shall be in the City of New York, unless otherwise ordered. Sec. 2. The Society shall hold its annual meeting for the election of Man- agers, and other business, on the second ‘Tuesday of January, or such day there- after during the month of January to which said annual meeting shall adjourn. Sec. 3. Special meetings of the Society shall be called by the Secretary, upon the request of the President or the Chairman of the Executive Committee, or at the written request of ten members. Sec. 4. Notices of all meetings shall be mailed to each member of the Society at least three days before such meeting. Sec. 5. At meetings of the Society twenty members shall constitute a quorum. Sec. 6. ~The order of business shall be as follows: Roll Call. Reading of minutes not previously read. 3. Report of Executive Committee. 4, Report of Secretary. woe 5. Report of Treasurer. 6. Report of the Director of the Zoological Park. Report of Director of the Aquarium. 8. Election of Managers. 9. Communications. 10. Miscellaneous business. 11. Reports and resolutions. ARTICLE II. BOARD OF MANAGERS. Sec. 1. The Board of Managers shall consist of thirty-six members, together with the Mayor of New York and President of the Park Board, or Commissioner for the Bronx, who shall be members ew-officio of the Board. Sec. 2. Nineteen Managers shall constitute a quorum, but ten Managers may transact current business, and adjourn, subject to the subsequent approval of a meeting at which a quorum shall be present. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 165 Sec. 3. The Board of Managers shall hold an annual meeting on the third Tuesday of January, or on such day thereafter to which said annual meeting shall adjourn. Regular meetings of the Board may also be called by the Secretary on the third Tuesdays of October and April upon the request of the President or Chairman of the Executive Committee. Special meetings of the Board shall be called at any time by the Secretary upon the request of the President or Chair- man of the Executive Committee, or at the written request of five Managers. Sec. 4. Notices of meetings of the board shall be mailed to each Manager at least three days before such meetings. Sec. 5. The successors to the outgoing class of Managers shall be elected by the Society at its annual meeting, but vacancies in the board may be filled for the unexpired term by the Board of Managers, or by the Executive Committee. Sec. 6. A Nominating Committee shall be annually appointed by the Execu- tive Committee, and shall consist of three members of the Society at large, who shall nominate and post ten days before the annual election the names of twelve persons to succeed the outgoing class of Managers in a conspicuous place in the office of the Society. Sec. 7. No person shall be eligible for the election of the Board of Managers, except to fill vacancies, unless his name shall have been posted as a candidate by such committee, or by not less than ten members, in writing, in a conspicuous place in the office of the Society ten days before the annual election, All candi- dates for election as Managers must be Life Members, Patrons, .\ssociate Found- ers, or Founders of the Society. Sec. 8. Any Manager who shall fail to attend three consecutive meetings of the Board, unless excused by a vote of the Board, shall cease to be a Manager. Sec. 9. The Board of Managers shall at its annual meeting elect a President, two Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, and Treasurer, who shall hold office for one year, or until their successors are elected. The President, Vice-Presidents, and Treasurer shall be members of the Board. Sec. 10. The Director of the Zoological Park, the Director of the Aquarium, and all other persons employed by the Society, shall be appointed by the Board or by the Executive Committee, and shall hold office during the pleasure of the Board. Sec. 11. The Board shall, at its annual meeting, elect an Executive Com- mittee and Auditing Committee, which shall hold office for one year, or until their successors are elected. The Board of Managers and the Executive Com- mittee shall also have authority to appoint such other Committees or officers as they may at any time deem desirable, and to delegate to them such powers as may be necessary. Sec. 12. The order of business of the meetings of the Board shall be as follows: - 1. Roll Call. 2. Reading of minutes not previously read. 3. Report of Executive Committee. 4. Report of Secretary. 5. Report of Treasurer, 6. Report of Auditing Committee. 7. Report of Director of Zoological Park. 8. Report of the Director of the Aquarium. 9. Election of Officers. 166 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 10. Election of Committees. 11. Election of new members. 12. Communications. 13. Miscellaneous business. Sec. 13. All reports and resolutions shall be in writing, and the ayes and nays may be called on any resolution at the request of one Manager. Sec. 14. Whenever the funds of the Society shall permit, the Board of Man- agers or the Executive Committee may award medals or other prizes for merito- rious work connected with the objects of the Society. ARTICLE III. OFFICERS. Sec. 1. The officers of the Society shall consist of a President, two Vice- Presidents, a Treasurer, a Secretary, and a Director of the Zoological Park. These officers, with the exception of the Director, shall be elected at the annual meeting of the Board of Managers, but any vacancy may be filled for an unex- pired term by the Board of Managers, or by the Executive Committee, until the next annual election. Sec. 2. The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board and of the Society, and shall be ex-officio a member of the Executive and Auditing Com- mittees. Sec. 3. The Vice-Presidents shall, in the absence of the President, perforns his duties and possess his powers, acting in the order of their election. Src. 4. The Treasurer shall receive, collect and hold, subject to the order of the Board of Managers, or the Executive Committee, all dues, subscriptions, warrants from the City, fees and securities. He shall pay all bills as ordered by the Board of Managers or the Executive Committee, and shall report to the Society at its annual meeting, and to the Board of Managers at all regular meet- ings, and to the Executive Committee at each meeting. He shall keep all moneys and securities in some bank or trust company to be approved by the Board of Managers or Executive Committee. The books of the Society shall at all times be open to the inspection of the Managers. Sec. 5. The Secretary shall be a salaried officer of the Society. He shall be present, unless otherwise relieved by the Board or Executive Committee, at all meetings of the Society, of the Board and of the Standing Committees. He shall keep a careful record of all proceedings, shall have the custody of the seal, archives and books, other than books of account, and shall conduct the corre- spondence of the Society. He shall issue all notices and tickets, and shall per- form such other duties as the Board may direct. He shall be a member ex-officio of the Executive, Aquarium, and Auditing Committees, and of the Scientific Council. Sec. 6. The Director of the Zoological Park shall be elected annually by the Executive Committee at a salary to be determined by said Committee, and shall hold office until removed or his successor chosen by said Committee. He shall be the responsible administrative officer of the Park, and shall recommend to the Executive Committee candidates for the various positions in the Park. He shall also perform all such other duties in connection with the business, scientific, and literary administration of the Society as may be assigned to him by the Executive Committee. TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 167 vy Sec. 7. The Director of the Aquarium shall be elected annually by the Executive Committee and shall hold office until removed or his successor is chosen by said Committee. He shall be the responsible administrative officer of the Aquarium, and shall recommend to the Executive Committee all candidates for positions in the Aquarium, The director of the Aquarium shall be ex-officio a member and Chairman of the Aquarium Committee. He shall perform such other duties in connection with the Aquarium as may be assigned to him by the Executive Committee. ARTICLE IV. COMMITTEES. Sec. 1. There shall be two standing committees, the Executive Committee and the Auditing Committee, which shall hold office for one year or until their successors are elected. Sec. 2. The Executive Committee shall consist of seven Managers, together with the President and Secretary of the Society ex-officio. Four members shall constitute a quorum, and all meetings shall be called by the Chairman. The Executive Committee shall fill all vacancies in its own number and shall have the full powers of the Board of Managers, except so far as such delegation of power may be contrary to law. Sec. 3. The Executive Committee shall have the control and regulation of the collections, library, and all other property of the Society, and shall have power to purchase, sell, and exchange specimens and books, to employ and control all officials and employees of the Society, Park, and Aquarium, and generally to carry out in detail the directions of the Board of Managers and the terms of any contract between the City, or Park Board, and the Society. Sec. 4. All the rules and regulations for the examination of applicants tor the various positions in the Park and Aquarium shall be made or approved by the Executive Committee. Sec. 5. The Executive Committee may regulate the auditing and payment for all current accounts. Sec. 6. The Executive Committee shall annually appoint an Aquarium Com- mittee, whose duties and powers are set forth in Section II of Article IV of these By-Laws. Src. 7. The Executive Committee shall annually appoint a Nominating Com- mittee, whose duties and powers are set forth in Sections 6 and 7, Article II, of these By-Laws. Sec. 8. It shall also appoint a Scientific Council, whose powers and duties are set forth in Section 2 of Article V of these By-Laws. Sec. 9. The Committee shall make a written report at each regular meeting of the Board of Managers. Sec. 10. The Auditing Committee shall consist of three regular members of the Society, in addition to the President and Secretary, members ex-officio, and vacancies shall be filled by the Executive Committee. It shall be the duty of the Auditing Committee to audit, annually, the accounts of the Treasurer, of the Director of the Zoological Park, and of the Director of the Aquarium, and any other accounts of the Society, and shall report to the Board of Managers at its annual meeting. Sec. 11. The Executive Committee shall annually appoint an Aquarium Committee, not to exceed eight members of this Society, who shall hold office until 168 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY their successors are chosen. All vacancies shall be filled by the Executive Com- mittee. The Director of the Aquarium shall be ea-officio a member and the Chairman of the Aquarium Committee, and such Committee may vest in him any or all of its powers. The Chairman of the Executive Committee and the Secretary of the Society shall also be ev-officio members of the Aquarium Com- mittee. Three members shall constitute a quorum. The Executive Committee may delegate to the Aquarium Committee such powers as it may deem proper. ARTICLE V. SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL. Sec. 1. The Executive Committee shall annually appoint a Scientific Council of not more than ten members, and shall fill all vacancies. Members of the Council shall hold office until their successors are appointed. Sec. 2. The duties of the Council shall be to act as an advisory board in all matters pertaining to the scientific administration of the Society, and especially as to the scientific features of the Park, the promotion of zoology by publications and otherwise, and the preservation of the native fauna of America. Sec. 3. Four members, including the Chairman, shall constitute a quorum. The Chairman shall be elected annually by the Council. The Chairman of the Executive Committee and the Secretary of the Society shall be members ew-officio of the Council. ARTICLE VI. MEMBERS. Src. 1. The present members and such others as shall become associated with them, under the conditions prescribed by the By-Laws, shall be members of this Society as long as they shall comply with the By-Laws. Src. 2. Members failing to comply with these By-Laws, or for other good and sufficient cause, may be expelled from the Society by the Executive Com- mittee. Sec. 3. Candidates for membership shall be proposed and seconded by mem- bers of the Society. The name, occupation, and place of residence of every member as proposed shall be submitted for election to the Board of Managers or the Executive Committee, and such person, when elected, shall become a member upon payment of the annual dues, or of the fees as prescribed below. Src. 4. There shall be a class known as Fellows, which shall consist of members of the Society who have rendered marked services to science, and shall be chosen by the Executive Committee. The privileges of Fellows shall be in all respects the same as those of regular members of the Society, but they shall be exempt from the payment of annual dues. Src. 5. The annual dues shall be ten dollars, payable in advance, on the first day of May of each year, but the Executive Committee may remit the dues for the current year in the case of members elected between January Ist and May Ist of each year. The classes of membership shall be as follows: Sec. 6. The payment of $200 at one time shall constitute any member a Life Member. A member who has paid annual dues for a period of five years may there- after, at any time, upon the payment of the difference between the amount of TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 169 dues already paid and $200, become a Life Member, but such payment shall not less than $100. Sec. 7. The payment of $1,000 at one time, or in the case of a Life Member, of $800, shall constitute any member a Patron. Sec. 8. The payment of $2,500 at one time, or in the case of a Patron of $1,500, or of a Life Member of $2,300, shall constitute any member an Associate Founder. Src. 9. Any member who shall donate to the Society $5,000, or property of equal value, or any Associate Founder who shall donate $2,500, or any Patron who shall donate $4,000, may be elected by the Board of Managers or Executive Committee a Founder. Sec. 10. Any member who shall have donated to the Society ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or its equivalent, may be elected by the Board of Managers or the Executive Committee a Founder in Perpetuity. Such Founder in Per- petuity shall have the power to designate by a last will and testament his suc- cessor, who shall thereupon be entitled to all the rights and privileges of the original Founder in Perpetuity, including the right of designating in turn his successor, Sec. 11, Any member who shall have donated to the Society $25,000, or its equivalent, may be elected by the Board of Managers, or the Executive Committee, a Benefactor. Benefactors shall have the rights and privileges of a Founder in Perpetuity. Sec. 12. Persons who have rendered marked service in the science of zoology or natural history may be elected Honorary Members, but not more than three such Honorary Members shall be elected in any one calendar year. Sec. 13. A resident member who shall have rendered marked scientific or professional services to the Society in any branch of its work may be elected by the Executive Committee a Life Metnber, Patron, Associate Founder, or Founder. A resident of New York who shall have rendered marked service in zoology or natural history may be elected by the Executive Committee a Permanent Rellow Sec. 14. Non-residents who communicate valuable information to the Society, or who have rendered marked service in the science of zoology or natural history, may be elected Corresponding Members. Sec. 15. Benefactors, Founders in Perpetuity, Founders, Associate Found- ers, Patrons, Life Members, Honorary Members, Permanent Fellows, Fellows, and Corresponding Members shall be exempt from annual dues. ARTICLE VII. PRIVILEGES OF MEMBERS. Sec. 1. A member’s ticket admits the member and his immediate family to the Park on reserve days, and to all lectures and special exhibitions, and may be used by the member’s immediate family, and shall be good for the current year. Sec. 2. Admission tickets to the Park and Aquarium on reserve days are issued to members for distribution, and are good for the current year. Src. 3. Each member of the Society is entitled annually to a member's ticket and to ten admission tickets. Sec. 4. Each member shall also receive one copy of the catalogue or hand- book, the report and official publication of the Society, and shall have all the privileges of the Library and Members’ Building. 170 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY Sec. 5. No member shall be entitled to the privileges enumerated in this Article unless his annual dues shall have been paid. Sec. 6. The Life Members shall have all the privileges of members and ten additional admission tickets. Sec. 7. Benefactors, Founders in Perpetuity, Founders, Associate Founders and Patrons shall have all the privileges of Life Members, and shall in addition receive copies of all scientific works published by the Society. Src. 8. Any member who shall fail to pay his annual dues within three months after the same shall have become due, and after notice of thirty days, by mail, shall cease to be a member of the Society; subject, however, to reinstatement by the Board of Managers or Executive Committee for good cause shown. Sec. 9. Any person elected to membership who shall fail to qualify within three months after notice of his election shall be considered te have declined his election; but such term may be extended by the Board of Managers, or Executive Committee. ARTICLE VIII. FINANCES. Sec. 1. The fiscal year of the corporation shall be the calendar year com- mencing January Ist and ending December 31st. Sec. 2. Neither the Society nor any of its Managers or Officers shall con- tract any debt which, with existing debts, shall exceed in amount the funds then in the Treasury, except to meet expenditures for which the City is liable, and for which the Society will be reimbursed by warrants from the Comptroller’s office. ARTICLE IX. AMENDMENTS. Sec. 1. Amendments to these By-Laws may be proposed, in writing, at any meeting of the Board of Managers, and adopted by unanimous consent of the Managers present, or if such proposed amendment shall fail to receive unanimous consent, the Secretary shall, with the notices of the next meeting, send a copy of it to each Manager and state that it will be brought up for action at such meeting, when it may be passed by a majority vote. Iudex (Figures in parentheses refer to illustrations. ) ACCESSIONS, Capwaxaper, John L., 46 Aquarium, 158 Carnegie, Andrew, 47, 50, 51, 68, 71 library, 159 Louise, 50, 71 Park, 150 Catarrhal fever, infections, Sl heads and horns, 157 Cerero, R. L., 44 library, 158 Charter, 161 Actinomycosis, $1 Clark, Geo. C., 45, 55 Administration, dept. of, 98 Coe, Wm. R., 45 Agriculture, U. S. dept., 63 Collections, American Museum, 74, 88, 118 Aquarium, 40 Animal market, 62 Park, 38 Appleton, Col. H., 49 summary of, 89 Aquarium, Converse, Edmund C., 37, 50, 68, 71 exhibition tanks, (122) (124) Costain, KE. A., 88 exhibits, 126 Costain; i) Els 91 front elevation, (128) Crandall, Lee S., 82 ground plan, (128) Crane, white-necked, (83) improvements, 123 Cutter, Victor M., 83 laboratory work, 129 Cuyler, Eleanor de G., 45 report of director of, 121 Archbold, John D., 45, 50, 71 Art gallery, 47 Davison, Mrs. H. P., 45 Attendance, De Nyse, W. I., 131 Aquarium, 38, 130 de Rham, H. C., 59 Park, 38, 61 DeWellworth, Wm., 92 Auditing, 57, 99 Dickerman, Watson B., 45, 47, 49, 55 committee, 149 Dieterich, C. F., 47 Auditor, 148 Distemper, 79 Ditmars, R. L., 40, 57, 73, 87 Baker, George F., 47, 50, 71 Dodge, C. H., 47, 50, 55, 68 Bates, Dr. W. H., 130 Douglas, James, 45 Beebe, William, 40, 53, 61, 82, 89, 98, Drinking fountain, (48) 113 Bell, E. L., 89 Beerbower, George M., 105 Exernant, strength of, (90) Birds, dept. of, 82 Engineering, dept. of, 105 census of, 85 Estimate, board of, 67 Births, list of, 74, 75 Executive commitee, report of, 37, 50, Blair, C. Ledyard, 55 il Blair, Dr. W: R., 72; 717 Expedition, Loring, 39, 63 Boat House, (100) tropical research, 40 dam, blasting, (104) landing, (106) Boating, 101 Farmers’ Loan and Trust Co., 44 Bourne, F. G., 47, 55 Finances, 43 Boury, Louis, 45 Ford, James B., 45 Brazil, Dr. Vital, 53, 88, 89 Fund, Brewster, Robert S., 50 animal, 41, 45, 46, 138 Bronx Parkway Com., 57 Cadawalader, 142 Brewer, Charles D., 49 art gallery, 146 Bulletin, 109 endowment, 43, 46, 141 By-laws, 164 income account, 142 172 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY ground improvement, 136 Maintenance, heads and horns, 139 Aquarium, 43 building, 147 Park, 41, 95 improvement and repair, park, 51, Mammal Department, 73 143 census of, 75 income account, 44, 51, 134 deaths, 81 library, 47, 140 Managers, board of, 9, 43, 68 maintenance, 135 Marbled hamlet, (120) Aquarium, 140 Medical department, 53, 72 pension, 44, 51, 144 Meetings, 55, 57 income account, 144 Mellen, Ida, 127 publication, 50, 147 Members, list of, 13, 37 Stokes’ bird, 46, 139 Membership, summary of, 35 tropical research, 47, 145 Merkel, Hermann W., 91, 98 wild life protection, 50, 142 Mills, Ogden, 45, 47, 68 Mitchell, H. R., 98 William I., 98 Morgan, J. P., 45 Mowbray, L. L., 127 Gamer Protection, 54, 71 Gillam; ACE, *89. Gould, George J., 47 Grant, Madison, 57 Grinnell, George B., 55 Nicnots, Mrs. William G., 45 Ground improvement, 91 Nesbit, Abram G., 45 Guide book, 103 Newman, Anna, 108 Osiruary, 37, 59 Osborn, Henry Fairfield, 57 William Church, 45 Hamirroxn, Wm. Pierson, 68 Hardy, Lamar, 65 Harkness, Edward S., 47, 50, 68 Harrison, Hon. F. B., 49 Hartley, G. Inness, 53, 113 | Pueasanr Monograph, 52 Rachel, 113 Photography, 108 Harvey, Eli, 47 Prosector, report of, 132 Heads and Horns, 49 Publication, 51, 103 museum, 49, 69 department of, 108 Hepburn, A. Barton, 37 Pyne, Percy R., 47, 55 Hill, James, Jr., 59 Python, carpet, (86) Hornaday, W. T., 49, 54, 73 Hospital, animal, 52, 72, 77, 91 eaeee (76) (78) Rainsow trout, (110) operating room, (80) Receptions, 54 Howes, Paul G., 53, 113 Bi hte peer Huntington, Dr. George S., 53, 133 director park, 61 Reptiles, department of, 87 census of, 89 ImproveMENT and repair, 91 Restaurant, Rocking Stone, 101 | Boat House, 102 Joseru, Ellis S., 73, 77, 83 Roosevelt, Col. Theo., 113 Rubbish war, 65 : : Rungius, Carl, 47 KanGaroo, island, (42) greater red, (64) Kuser, Col. Anthony R., 39, 50, 55, Sacre, Mrs. Russell, 50, 71 84. Salaries, 67 Sanborn, Elwin R., 108 Schermerhorn, F. A., 50, 55, 5 Schiff, Jacob H., 45, 50, 71 Mortimer L., 47, 55, 68 Lorine, J. Alden, 63, 77, 89 McA Leenan, Joseph, 47 Schley, Grant B., 47, 68 MeMillin, Emerson, 50, 55, 68 Semken, Dr., 88 MacCallum, Dr. George A., 51, 129 Serum, rattlesnake, 53 TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Shepard, Mrs. Finley J., 45 Snyder, Chas. E., 87 Soda Water, 102 Souvenir book, 103 Stacey, Samuel, 82 Stewart, Lispenard, 45, 47 Store, co-operative, 43 Sturgis, Frank K., 45, 47 Taytor, Anna, 113 Thompson, L. S., 45 Mrs. Frederick Ferris, 50, 71 Thorne, Samuel, 50, 71 Tilford, Henry M., 45, 47 Townsend, Chas. H., 121 Treasurer’s report, 134 Tropical research station, 53, 61, 74, 82, 84, 89, 113 Tuberculosis, 79 Van der Smissen, Dr. G., 87 Veterinarian, report of, 77 Wapswortn, Austin, 55 Wallaby, Agile, (60) Ward, Cabot, 65 Whitfield, Henry D., 71 Wild-fowl pond, (96) Wild Life Protection, 71 Wild rice, (56) Withers, G. B., 113 YersBy, W. J., 73 Zootoaica, dl, 109 Zoological park, officers of, 12 Zoological Society, members of, 13 officers of, 11 Zoopathologica, 51, 111 173 ruGs sce oe, ise a fay otk!) 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