S Annual report of the 333 91 Governments of M26prar Canada, United States. 1991 Saskatchewan and Montana. >91 ANNUAL REPORT tofte GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA, UNITED STATES, SASKATCHEWAN AND MONTANA STATE DOCUMENTS COLLECTIOtl Mi 2 - 1993 MONTANA STATE LIBRARY 1515 E. 6th AVE. HELENA, MONTANA 59620 by the POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMTITEE MBSOOBIIVn COVERING CAI£NDQl YEAR 1991 Fetnayl993 «-.w. m ^^^i ^^-'. v^ ii I s\. Montana State Library 3 0864 1004 5764 0 1991 ANNUAL REPORT to the GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA, UNITED STATES, SASKATCHEWAN AND MONTANA by the POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMTTTEE IflSSOUn KIVES COVERING CAIBJDER YEAR 1991 Fehruary 1993 POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE Department of State Washington, D.C., United States Department of External Affairs Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Governor's Office State of Montana Helena, Montana, United States Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada Ladies and Gentleman: During 1991, the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee continued to fulfil the responsibilities assigned by the governments under the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement dated September 23, 1980. Water quantity, water quality, and air quality relevant to the International Boundary were monitored in accordance with the 1991 Technical Monitoring Schedule. The monitoring data were exchanged on a quarterly basis. This annual report is the eleventh of a series covering the period 1981-91. The report summarizes environmental conditions in the basin and discusses Committee activities for 1991. Conditions are compared to guidelines for specific parameter values that were developed by the International Joint Commission under the 1977 Reference from Canada and the United States. References are made to State, Provincial, or Federal standards or objectives where these are relevant. After examination and evaluation of the monitoring information for 1991, the Committee finds that the measured conditions meet the recommended objectives. During 1991, monitoring continued with only minor changes in the schedules from 1990. Ash surcharging was implemented to reduce the need for building new lagoops. In March 1991, the five-year extension of the Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement expired. Steps were taken to extend the arrangement for another five years. Herein is the eleventh annual report of the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee. Yours sincerely. J./R. Knapton / Chair, United States Section R. A. Halliday V Chair, Canadian Section 7/ , / A. Wittich Member, United States Section /. D. D. Nargang Member, Canadian Section TABLE OF CONTENTS Highlights for 1991 vii 1 .0 Introduction 1 2.0 Poplar River Power Station 4 2.1 Operations 4 2.2 Construction 5 2.3 Unusual Events 7 2.4 LIFAC 7 2.5 Scribner Dam 8 3.0 East Poplar River 10 3.1 Streamflow 10 3.2 Apportionment 10 3.3 Minimum Flows 11 3.4 On-Demand Release 12 3.5 Water Quality 13 3.5.1 Total Dissolved Solids 14 3.5.2 Boron 18 3.5.3 Other Water Quality Variables 21 3.6 Quality Control 23 3.6.1 Streamflow 23 3.6.2 Water Quality 23 4.0 Supplementary Water Supply (Old Coal Mine Dewatering) 25 4.1 Operations 25 4.2 Pumpage Volumes 25 4.3 Groundwater Levels 26 4.3.1 Saskatchewan 26 4.3.2 Montana 28 4.4 Groundwater Quality 29 4.4.1 Saskatchewan 29 4.4.2 Montana 32 5.0 Soil Salinity Project Below Morrison Dam 33 5.1 Operations 33 5.2 Pumpage Volumes 33 5.3 Groundwater Levels 35 5.3.1 Saskatchewan 35 5.3.2 Montana 35 - 1 - 5.4 Groundwater Quality 36 5.4.1 Saskatchewan 36 5.4.2 Montana 38 6.0 Cookson Reservoir 39 6.1 Storage 39 6.2 Water Quality 41 6.3 Mercury In Cookson Fish 46 6.4 Morrison Dam Inspection 48 7.0 Ash Lagoons 49 7.1 Operations 49 7.2 Ash Lagoon Inspections 49 7.3 Dyke Stability 50 7.4 Lagoon Water Levels 51 7.5 Lagoon Seepage Estimates 52 7.6 Lagoon Water Quality 54 7.7 Interceptor Trench 64 7.8 Leachate Review 67 7.9 Ash Surcharging 69 8.0 Sewage Holding Pond 73 8.1 Operations 73 8.2 Pond Quality 73 9.0 Air Quality 75 9.1 Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 75 9.2 SaskPower 77 9.3 In-Stack Monitoring 78 10.0 References Cited 79 ANNEXES 1.0 Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement A1-1 Canada-United States 2.0 Technical Monitoring Schedules A2-1 3.0 Reports Reviewed A3-1 4.0 Recommended Flow Apportionment A4-1 5.0 Leachate Review A5-1 6.0 Metric Conversions A6-1 TABLES Table 1.1 Table 2.1 Table 2.2 Table 2.3 Table 3.1 Table 3.2 Table 4.1 Table 4.2 Table 5.1 Table 5.2 Table 5.3 Table 6.1 Table 7.1 Table 7.2 Table 8.1 1991 Membership of the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee 2 1991 Monthly Capacity Factors, Poplar River Power Station 4 1991 Monthly Gross MW/h and Fuel Consumption, Poplar River Power Station 6 Scribner Dam Testing - 1991 , Poplar River Power Station 9 Recommended Water Quality Objectives and Excursions, 1991 Sampling Program, East Poplar River at the International Boundary (units in mg/L except as otherwise noted) 22 Streamflow Measurement Results for May 30, 1991 23 Supplementary Supply Monthly Pumpages 26 Poplar River Power Station, Supplementary Water Supply Project to Cookson Reservoir Discharge Pipe Average Analysis - 1991 ... 30 Salinity Project, Monthly Pumpages 34 Individual Salinity Project Wells, Pumpage Volumes 34 Poplar River Power Station, Salinity Project South of Morrison Dam Water Quality from Discharge Pipe Location - 1991 37 Cookson Reservoir Storage Statistics for 1991 39 Ash Lagoon Seepage Rates and Liner Permeabilities, Poplar River Power Station, October 1991 53 Water Quality for Lagoon Pumpwells DG1 and DG2, at Poplar River Power Station 66 Waste Water Data, November 1991 , Poplar River Power Station . . 74 - Ill - FIGURES Figure 2.1 Production History 1981 - 1991, Poplar River Power Station 5 Figure 2.2 Fuel Consumption 1981 - 1991, Poplar River Power Station 6 Figure 3.1 Discharge during 1991 Compared with the Median Discharge for 1961-1990 for the Poplar River at the International Boundary 11 Figure 3.2 Flow Hydrograph of the East Poplar River at the International Boundary 12 Figure 3.3 TDS Concentrations for 1991 Grab Samples from East Poplar River at the International Boundary 15 Figure 3.4 Three-Month Moving, Flow-Weighted TDS Concentration for East Poplar River at the International Boundary T5 Figure 3.5 Five-Year Moving, Flow-Weighted TDS Concentration for East Poplar River at the International Boundary 17 Figure 3.6 Sen Slope Estimate for TDS at East Poplar River at the International Boundary 17 Figure 3.7 Boron Concentrations for 1991 Grab Samples from East Poplar River at the International Boundary 19 Figure 3.8 Three-Month Moving, Flow-Weighted Boron Concentration for East Poplar River at the International Boundary 19 Figure 3.9 Five-Year Moving, Flow Weighted Boron Concentration for East Poplar River at the International Boundary 20 Figure 3.10 Sen Slope Estimate for Boron at East Poplar River at the International Boundary 20 Figure 4.1 Cone of Depression in the Hart Coal Seam from Dewatering Activities as of December 1991 27 Figure 4.2 Hydrographs for Selected Wells, 1979 to 1991 29 Figure 4.3 TDS for Selected Discharge Points, 1990 and 1991 31 Figure 4.4 Boron for Selected Discharge Points, 1990 and 1991 31 - iv - Figure 4.5 TDS for Selected Wells in the Hart Seam 32 Figure 5.1 Water Quality Data from Discharge Pipe Location, South of Morrison Dam, 1990 and 1991 36 Figure 6.1 Cookson Reservoir Mean Daily Water Levels for 1991 and Median Monthly Water Levels for 1981-1990 40 Figure 6.2 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for Boron, 1983 to 1991 42 Figure 6.3 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for Sulphate, 1983 to 1991 ... 42 Figure 6.4 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for Sodium, 1983 to 1991 .... 43 Figure 6.5 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for Chloride, 1983 to 1991 ... 43 Figure 6.6 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for TDS, 1983 to 1991 44 Figure 6.7 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for Manganese, 1983 to 1991 . 44 Figure 6.8 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for Strontium and Fluoride, 1983 to 1991 45 Figure 6.9 Box and Whisker Plots of Tissue Mercury Concentration in Fish from Cookson Reservoir from 1979 to 1991 47 Figure 7.1 Ash Lagoon Water Levels and Polishing Pond Level, 1983 to 1991 . . 51 Figure 7.2 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Conductivity and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991 56 Figure 7.3 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Vanadium and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991 56 Figure 7.4 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Chromium and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991 57 Figure 7.5 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Fluoride, Molybdenum and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991 57 Figure 7.6 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Sodium, Sulphate and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991 59 V - Figure 7.7 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Potassium, Strontium and Polisliing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991 59 Figure 7.8 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Uranium and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991 60 Figure 7.9 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Calcium and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991 60 Figure 7.10 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Calcium and Polishing Pond pH, 1983 to 1991 61 Figure 7.1 1 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Magnesium and Polishing Pond pH, 1983 to 1991 61 Figure 7.12 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Boron and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991 63 Figure 7.13 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Boron and Polishing Pond pH, 1983 to 1991 63 Figure 7.14 Boron in Piezometer C712B 70 Figure 7.15 Chloride in Piezometer C712B 70 Figure 7.16 Dykes on Ash Lagoons, December 31, 1991 72 Figure 9.1 Maximum Daily SO2 Air Quality Data, Coronach Water Treatment Plant, 1981 to 1991, (Saskatchewan 24-hour standard) 76 Figure 9.2 Maximum Hourly SOj Air Quality Data, Coronach Water Treatment Plant, 1981 to 1991, (Saskatchewan 1-hour standard) 76 VI HIGHLIGHTS FOR 1991 The Poplar River Power Station completed its eighth full year of operation in 1991. The two 300-megawatt coal-fired units generated 4 534 000 gross megawatt hours of electricity with the average capacity factors for Units No. 1 and 2 recorded at 88.7% and 86.2% respectively. Monitoring information collected in both Canada and the United States was exchanged quarterly. In general, the sampling locations, frequency of collection, and parameters met the requirements identified in the 1991 Technical Monitoring Schedules set forth in the 1990 annual report. Regional drought conditions continued, resulting in below normal streamflow in the Poplar River basin for the fifth consecutive year. The March to October recorded flow at the International Boundary was 3 720 cubic dam^ or 37% of the 1931 to 1990 median seasonal flow. A volume of 459 dam^ was delivered to Montana between May 1 and May 30 to meet the apportionment recommendations of the IJC. On January 1 , 1 991 , Cookson Reservoir storage was only 54% of the full-supply volume. Reservoir contents reached a maximum of 26 700 dam^ in July. 1991 reservoir levels were below ten-year median levels. The net effect of little spring runoff over the last several years has been a decrease in reservoir water quality. VII The concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) and boron in the East Poplar River were below the long-term and short-term objectives recommended to Governments by the International Joint Commission. However, the five-year flow-weighted concentrations (FWCs) for TDS increased to 950 mg/L, only slightly below the long-term objective of 1000 mg/L TDS. The five-year boron FWCs remained well below the long-term objective of 2.5 mg/L boron. The 4.0 mg/L objective for dissolved oxygen was exceeded once. Quality control sample splits showed less than acceptable comparability between Canadian and United States laboratories for some water quality variables. The water quality of the common discharge point from the salinity wells is better than that of the reservoir. Suspended particulate concentrations exceeded Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety's 24-hour standard on two occasions. However, these exceedances are believed to have been caused by field-blown dust. An estimated 487 830 m^ of ash and 224 200 m^ of supply water were added to the ash lagoons in 1 991 . Regular inspections showed no signs of dyke misalignment or seepage. A more detailed inspection, conducted by an outside consultant, confirmed that the lagoon dykes and liners have good integrity and the ash is contained effectively. Extensive testing of the LIFAC desulphurization process took place in the first half of the VIII year. Operation of the LIFAC unit, built in 1 990 to help reduce sulphur dioxide emissions, is based on a limestone injection system. V-w^-.j -IX- 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee was authorized for an initial period of five years by the Governments of Canada and the United States under the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement dated September 23, 1980. A copy of the Arrangement is attached to this report as Annex 1 . On March 12, 1987, the Arrangement was extended by the Governments for four years to March 1991 . The Arrangement was further extended for another five years to March 1996, following a request from the Committee in 1991. A more detailed account of the historical background of the Monitoring Arrangement is contained in the 1990 Annual Report of the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee. The Committee is composed of representatives of the Government of the United States of America, the State of Montana, and the Government of Canada and the Province of Saskatchewan. In addition to the representatives of Governments, two ex-officio members who are local representatives of the State of Montana and Province of Saskatchewan participate in the activities of the Committee. During 1991. the member and ex-officio members of the Committee were: Table 1.1 1991 Membership of the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee United States Section Canadian Section Mr. J. R. Knapton U.S. Geological Survey Chairman Mr. R. A. Halliday Environment Canada Chairman Mr. A. Wittich Governor's Office Member Mr. D. D. Nargang Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety Member Mr. C. W. Tande Daniels County Commissioner Ex-Officio Member, Montana Mr. J. R. Totton Reeve, R.M. of Hart Butte Ex-Officio Member, Saskatchewan The monitoring programs are in response to potential impacts of a transboundary nature resulting from SaskPower's (formerly Saskatchewan Power Corporation) coal-fired thermal generating station and ancillary operations near Coronach, Saskatchewan. Monitoring is conducted in Canada and the United States at or near the International Boundary for quantity and quality of both surface and ground water and for air quality. Participants from both countries, including Federal, Provincial and State agencies, are involved in monitoring. The Committee submits an annual report to Governments which summarizes the monitoring results, evaluates apparent trends, and compares the data to objectives or standards recommended by the International Joint Commission (IJC) to Governments, or relevant State, Provincial, or Federal standards. The Committee reports to Governments 3 on a calendar year basis, with the report for 1991 being the eleventh in the series. The Committee is also responsible for drawing to the attention of Governments definitive changes in monitored parameters which may require immediate attention. A responsibility of the Committee is to review the adequacy of the monitoring programs In both countries and make recommendations to Government on the Technical Monitoring Schedules. The Schedules are updated annually for new and discontinued programs and for modifications in sampling frequencies, parameter lists, and analytical techniques of ongoing programs. The Technical Monitoring Schedules listed in the annual report (Annex 2) are given for the forthcoming year. The Committee will continue to review and propose changes to the Technical Monitoring Schedules as information requirements change. Another responsibility of the Committee has included an ongoing quarterly exchange of data acquired through the monitoring programs. The exchange of monitoring information was initiated with the first quarter of 1 981 , and was an expansion of the informal quarterly information exchange program initiated between Canada and the United States in 1976. At the request of the Committee, the two governments approved replacement of the quarterly data exchange by an annual exchange effective at the start of the 1 992 calendar year. Special reports dealing with aspects of monitoring and monitoring results requested by the Committee are sometimes published. Reports reviewed by the Committee during 1991 are identified in Annex 3. Exchanged data and reports are available for public viewing at the agencies of the participating governments or from Committee members. 2.0 POPLAR RIVER POWER STATION 2.1 Operations Table 2.1 provides monthly capacity factors for each of the two units at the Poplar River Power Station. In 1991 , the average capacity factors for Units No. 1 and 2 were 88.7% and 86.2%. The capacity is based on the maximum rating of 297.8 MW/h for unit No. 1 and 294 MW/h for Unit No. 2. Figure 2.1 illustrates a historical view of gross MW/h for each unit from 1981. Table 2.1 1991 Monthly Capacity Factors, Poplar River Power Station. CAPACITY FACTOR (%) MONTH UNIT NO. 1 UNIT NO. 2 January 100.5 90.1 February 101.0 99.6 March 95.8 99.4 April 61.1 87.7 May 83.7 34.9 June 91.3. 89.0 July 73.4 75.4 August 86.7 90.7 September 94.2 93.2 October 79.5 99.7 November 97.4 76.5 December 100.7 99.5 1991 Average 88.7 86.2 1 990 Average 88.1 88.4 1989 Average 93.9 93.3 1 988 Average 79.6 96.2 1 987 Average 92.9 75.3 1986 Average 76.8 76.3 1 985 Average 89.0 87.0 1984 Average 79.0 82.0 2.5 2.4 2.5 •2. -42. -4 ..... 2.3Z..J 2.3Z.J Z.J 1 2.12.1 1 2.1 1 1 TETRAWATT HOURS en fsj 2 2 2 1 1 1.1 i.y = i.y 00 1 CO o 0.5 = u.u PR 1 Qro88 TWh Unit 1 in Sarvic* 1983 - July E PR 2 Groea IWh Unit 2 In S«rvic« 1981 - Jun» 0 1 ^^ 1 1 g 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Figure 2.1 Production History 1981 - 1991, Poplar River Power Station. Monthly coal consumption and gross MW/h production is summarized in Table 2.2. Oil consumption is also provided, but monthly values represent both Unit No. 1 and Unit No. 2 consumption. Yearly plant oil and coal usage from 1981 to 1991 are illustrated in Figure 2.2. 2.2 Construction There was only minor construction completed during 1991 . During the summer a pump pad was built in the north west corner of Ash Lagoon No. 3 North. This pump pad allows the pumps that transfer water from Ash Lagoon No. 3 to Ash Lagoon No. 2 to be raised Table 2.2 1991 Monthly Gross MW/h and Fuel Consumption, Poplar River Power Station. UNIT NUMBER 1 UNIT NUMBER 2 Month Gross MW/h Coal Consumption (Mg) Gross MW/h Coal Consumption (Mg) PR1/PR2 Oil (m') January 222 700 184 841 197 000 163 510 140 February 202 100 169 764 196 700 165 228 102 March 212 300 178 332 217 500 182 700 60 April 131 100 110 209 185 600 156 155 155 May 185 400 155 736 76 300 64 092 408 June 195 700 164 388 188 500 158 340 121 July 162 600 137 083 165 000 139 109 148 August 192 000 161 280 198 500 166 740 214 September 202 000 170 917 197 300 166 711 42 October 176 100 147 924 218 000 183 120 29 November 208 900 192 075 161 900 152 595 360 December 223 200 187 488 217 700 182 868 44 1991 2 314 100 1 960 037 2 220 000 1 881 168 1 823 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Figure 2.2 Fuel Consumption 1981 - 1991, Poplar River Power Station. 7 about 3 metres, this in turn allows higher operating levels for Ash Lagoon No. 3 North. The pump pad was constructed by adding material to the dyke, no portion of the dyke was excavated. Historically, surface flow from the switch yard, located north of the Poplar River Power Station, flowed north unobstructed to Cookson Reservoir. In the last quarter of 1991 , the drainage from this area was redirected south to the power station's surface water drainage system which is controlled by Scribner Dam. Advantages of this change include routine testing of water originating from the switch yard before release and more importantly, a means of containment in the case of oil leaks from a transformer. 2.3 Unusual Events There were no reportable spills during 1991. 2.4 LIFAC In 1989, SaskPower entered into a joint venture with Tampella Ltd. of Finland to build a demonstration unit for Tampella's LIFAC desulphurization process. The intent of the project is to allow SaskPower an opportunity to fully evaluate the technology for possible future applications while offering Tampella an opportunity to demonstrate the process to other potential customers. 8 The demonstration unit was added to Unit No. 1 at the Poplar River Power Station. Constnjction occurred during the first eight months of 1990 and the system was commissioned in September 1990. initial testing of the LIFAC process took place from late October 1990 to the first week of December 1990. Extensive testing of the LIFAC process took place in the first half of 1991, more specifically from Februarys, 1991 to April 19, 1991 and then from June 16, 1991 to July 3, 1991. Following these periods there was very little LIFAC testing was done. There is no scheduled testing of LIFAC planned for 1992. 2.5 Scribner Dam In July 1991, the "Release Management Procedure of Scribner Dam" was updated to include oil and grease testing. In addition to the routine testing for conductivity and pH, a visible check for oil and grease will be done and a sample will be taken for oil and grease analysis. Oil and grease analysis was added to make sure no petroleum-based products are added to the reservoir. In 1991, there were twelve releases from Scribner Dam as compared to only three in 1990. This increase can largely be accounted for by the above average rains from April 1991 to July 1991. In the last quarter of 1991 , excess water from a domestic well was directed to Scribner Dam and accounts for the releases during this time. Table 2.3 provides a summary of the testing completed during 1991 for Scribner Dam. On each occasion, the contents were released to the reservoir. Table 2.3 Scribner Dam Testing - 1991, Poplar River Power Station. Date Sampled pH (units) Conductivity (ps/cm) Oil& Grease ^ Visible Oil & Grease ^ (mg/L) Date Released 1. Jan. 29/91 6.8 420 -- -- Jan. 29/91 2. Feb. 05/91 7.2 370 -- -- Feb. 05/91 3. Apr. 03/91 7.7 750 -- -- Apr. 03/91 4. May 13/91 7.3 580 -- -- May 13/91 5. June 05/91 7.7 590 -- -- June 05/91 6. June 23/91 8.3 990 -- -- June 23/91 7. June 24/91 8.1 710 - -- June 24/91 8. June 29/91 7.6 448 N.D. <0.1 June 29/91 9. July 02/91 8.0 725 N.D. 0.2 July 02/91 10. Aug. 09/91 8.3 1230 N.D. <0.1 Aug. 09/91 11. Oct. 16/91 8.6 2480 N.D. 0.2 Oct. 16/91 12. Dec. 11/91 8.7 2100 N.D. 0.2 Dec. 11/91 N.D. No visible sign. 1 II ' -Oil and grease visible, and oil and grease testing; started with) the June 29, 1991 release. [ 10 3.0 EAST POPLAR RIVER 3.1 Streamflow Streamflow in the Poplar River basin was below normal during 1991. The March to October recorded volume of the Poplar River at the International Boundary, an indicator of natural flow in the basin, was 3 720 cubic decameters (dam^) or 37% of the 1931 to 1990 median seasonal flow. For the fifth consecutive year, the flow has been below normal which is indicative of the prolonged drought in the great plains. A comparison of 1991 with the 1961-90 median flow is shown in Figure 3.1. The recorded volume for the East Poplar River at the International Boundary was 2 110 dam^ in 1991. This volume is 61% of the median annual flow since the completion of Morrison Dam in 1975. 3.2 Apportionment In 1976 the International Souris-Red Rivers Engineering Board, through its Poplar River Task Force, completed an investigation and made a recommendation to the governments of Canada and the United States regarding the apportionment of waters in the Poplar River basin. Although Canada and the United States have not officially adopted the Apportionment Recommendation, the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee has adhered to the recommendation in each of its annual reports. Annex 4 contains the apportionment recommendation. 11 1.000 0.000 MAR — MEDIAN OF MONTHLY MEAN DISCHARGE FOR 1 961 -1 990 — MONTHLY MEAN DISCHARGE FOR 1991 -4> APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT Figure 3.1 Discharge During 1991 Compared with the l\/ledian Discharge for 1961-1990 for the Poplar River at the International Boundary. 3.3 Minimum Flows The recorded volume of the Poplar River at the International Boundary from March 1 to May 31 , 1991 was 2 740 dam^ Based on the IJC recommendations and the assumption that the recorded flow is the natural flow, the United States entitlement is a minimum discharge on the East Poplar River of 0.028 m^/s for the period June 1 , 1 991 to May 31 , 1992. The minimum flow for the period January 1 to May 31 , 1991 had previously been determined on the basis of the Poplar River flow volume for March 1 to May 31 , 1990. A hydrograph of the East Poplar River at the International Boundary and the minimum flow as recommended by the IJC are shown in Figure 3.2. All dally flows during 1991 12 T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 r JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1991 Figure 3.2 Flow Hydrograph of the East Poplar River at the International Boundary. were above the recommended minimum with the exception of January 1 . Icing as a result of extremely cold weather reduced the flow to 0.026 mVs on this day. 3.4 On-Demand Release In addition to the minimum flow, the IJC apportionment recommendation entitles Montana to an on-demand release to be delivered during the 12 month period commencing June 1 , 1991. Based on the runoff volume of the Middle Fork Poplar River during the March 1 to May 31 , 1990 period, Montana was entitled to a release of 370 dam^ from Cookson Reservoir. Montana requested this release be delivered between May 1 and May 30, 1991. A volume of 459 dam^ was delivered during this period. 13 3.5 Water Quality The 1981 report by the IJC to Governments recommended: For the March to October period, the maximum flow-weighted concentrations should not exceed 3.5 milligrams per litre (mg/L) for boron and 1500 mg/L for TDS for any three consecutive months in the East Poplar River at the International Boundary. For the fi/farch to October period, the long- term average of flow-weighted concentrations should be 2.5 mg/L or less for boron, and 1000 mg/L or less for TDS in the East Poplar River at the International Boundary. For the perfod prior to 1982, three-month moving flow-weighted concentrations (FWC) for boron and TDS were calculated solely from monthly monitoring results. Since the beginning of 1982, the USGS has monitored conductivity daily in the East Poplar River at the International Boundary, allowing estimates of daily boron and TDS concentration to be derived from regression relationships with conductivity. Thus, three-month FWCs for the period 1 982 to 1 988 have been calculated from both the results of monthly monitoring and the daily concentration estimates. The Bilateral Monitoring Committee adopted the approach that for the purpose of comparison with the proposed IJC long-term objectives, the boron and TDS data are best plotted as five-year moving FWCs which were advanced one month at a time. Beginning in 1988, FWCs were calculated from the five year period preceding each plotted point. Prior to 1988, long-term averages were calculated from a five year period in which 2.5 years preceded and 2.5 years followed each plotted point. For 14 example, the FWC for December 1 991 refers to the FWC of the period December 1 986 to December 1991. It should be emphasized that the calculations have been based on the results of all samples collected for the three-month and five-year periods, and not restricted to samples collected during March to October. 3.5.1 Total Dissolved Solids There is an inverse relationship between IDS and stream flow at the International Boundary station. During periods of high runoff, such as spring freshet, IDS drops as the proportion of stream flow derived ultimately from groundwater decreases. Conversely, during times of low stream flow (late summer, winter) the contribution of groundwater to stream flow is proportionally greater. Because the natural groundwater has a higher ionic strength than the surface water entering the river, the TDS of the stream increases mari■ J (0 o r^ S: 8 to o / 55i t — 8 " • ./ - nr e /^ ^ 1 ^ pi. V !: ■ % ! r T^ • (0 o> 8 s 8 ^ / . J 5- ^ fy A 8 5 2 ► •i 1 X o> s 8 = V f» . • \\'^ ss j ^ / ¥ ]' W 2 2 -3 "3 \ ^ / • ?- \ S : = S s S s / M - SN ^ 'i Y 8 j !: 8 2 O " 8 8 s (= = " s i a j .2 © i2 Q <*>_ <^ " =\ r^ A ^ 8 s 5 • - a C 8 h O - £ o 8 8 S L * . /= ' o p- s • N • o !: • ' ^ (0 s 8 8 rri . -/ = i, : = y • ;; , 8 . 2 - • 0.2 s 8 / f i( 8 8 -i- _j^ - 8 s * 2 = - a ,9 " ^ 8 8 2 = - s : = - 8 8 '^ f / 8 8 o< ;; & 8 2 e 8 & 8 e 2 " 8 8 8 / ^' "^ "T" '^ o - 8 8 = 5 - * 8 8 = s • ' s 3 /^ • 8 ^ tf 8 ' 8 8 :: - 0 SSk 8 < 3 !>:■ ^ 8 8 E ^ ;; 8 tt = • ? 8 2 2 ► • V Oi ^ »» • 28 approximately one kilometre from the boundary. However, the majority of the expansion of the cone of depression has been to the northwest in the area of Fife Lake. Typically water levels have dropped 0.1 m to 0.3 m. Given the dry conditions in the area and the small magnitude of drawdowns, it is difficult to isolate man induced changes from natural changes. The groundwater investigation and modelling undertaken by SaskPower have been completed. As the results of the report are being reviewed by Sask Water (formerly Saskatchewan Water Corporation), it would be premature to discuss the findings of the report. 4.3.2 Montana Hydrographs reflecting water level measurements for selected wells in the Hart coal seam are presented in Figure 4.2. These wells continue to show trends of decline in water levels although these trends have levelled-off in 1991. Water levels for wells 2, 8, 9, 11, and 21 continue to show no trends in water level change. 29 2455 2454 E 2453 <3 2452 5 2451 -1 1- -79 Jan-81 Jan-83 Jan-85 Jan-87 Jan-89 Jan-91 Jon- Figure 4.2 Hydrographs for Selected Wells, 1979 to 1991. 4.4 Groundwater Quality 4.4.1 Saskatchewan The water quality from the discharge points has been consistent with no trends indicated. A summary of the more frequently tested parameters during 1991 is provided in Table 4.2. Included in this table are the average and standard deviation of the results from January 1 990 to December 1 991 . TDS and boron results for several discharge points are illustrated in Figures 4.2 and 4.3 for 1990 and 1991 to show the consistent results of the pumpwell analysis. 30 Table 4.2 Poplar River Power Station, Supplementary Water Supply Project to Cookson Reservoir Discharge Pipe Average Analysis - 1991. Summary of 1990 and 1991 Data 1991 Average Average Standard Deviation Girard Creel( Location "03" 1991 Average pH (units) 7.4 7.6 0.4 7.8 Conductivity (us/cm) 1 385 1 384 202 1220 Total Dissolved Solids 905 894 132 804 Total Suspended Solids 2.4 4.2 7.0 17.2 Boron 1.21 1.22 0.27 1.17 Sodium 177 178 34 158 Cyanide <2 <2 0 <2 Iron 1.3 1.2 0.7 0.7 Manganese 0.22 0.23 0.11 0.15 Mercury <0.1 <0.10 0 751 CO 749 UJ aC 748 ^ 747 Z 746 -£ 74S Q 744 ^ 743 3 742 ^ 741 y Full Supply Level "VMi nimum Desired Operating Level ''Unusable Storage Level MEAN DAILY WATER LEVEL FOR 1 991 — MEDIAN OF MONTHLY MEAN ELEVATION FOR 1 981 -1 990 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 1991 71500 56500 (n 51900 UJ a: 42400 t— LiJ 3S900 2 6 20400 UJ 23800 Q f •> 19100 m 14900 Z3 <_> 11400 Z 8340 (/i 5860 ^ 1 1 1 3780 1— 7^ 2000 O f •> 550 0 Figure 6.1 Cookson Reservoir l\/lean Daily Water Levels for 1991 and Median IVIonthly Water Levels for 1981-1990. 41 6.2 Water Quality Inflow to the reservoir originates from two sources, GIrard Creek and the East Poplar River North. The Girard Creek sampling point is located at the Coronach Reservoir overflow (PFRA dam). This inflow location shows strong seasonal fluctuations with no trends evident in water quality. Normally, water flows by this sample point year round as the majority of the water originates from the supplementary pumpwells described in Chapter 4.0 of this report. The reservoir monitoring sites include the Highway No. 36 location and the Cookson Reservoir at Morrison Dam location. Strong seasonal fluctuations are evident for the upstream Highway No. 36 location. Less seasonal variation was observed for the reservoir at the Morrison Dam location due to the large volume of water involved. The net effect of little spring runoff over the last several years has been a decrease in reservoir water quality. Figures 6.2 to 6.8 show the decreasing water volume of the reservoir and the increasing concentration of boron, sulphate, sodium, chloride, TDS, manganese, and strontium. The deterioration in water quality will continue unless there is an above average runoff in the spring of 1992. 42 50 ^ 40 ^ 30 CD LU ?20 Q 10 FULL SUPPLY VOLUME 3.0 2.5 2.0 RESERVOIR-B •a- ^'. ' / i' E 1.5 1 .0 o o CO 0.5 0.0 MMMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 6.2 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for Boron, 1983 to 1991. MMMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 6.3 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for Sulphate, 1983 to 1991. 43 — ,400 300 200 Q o 100 MMMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 6.4 Cookson Reservoir Water Quality Data for Sodium, 1983 to 1991. MMMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 6.5 Cool• ^ 3 u 0.5 • S 0.0 Walleye 25-35 cm 1 35-50 cm 1 o C=3 White Sucker 25-40 cm o * * $^^ T 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 \ \ 1 1 1 1 Sampling Year Figure 6.9 Box and Whisker Plots of Tissue Mercury Concentrations in Fish from Cookson Reservoir from 1979 to 1991. Data from Water Quality Branch (1980), Waite et ai- (1980), Munro (1985) and Shaw (1991, in prep). Dashed horizontal indicates current Health and Welfare Canada consumption guideline of 0.5 mg/Kg Hg. Munro (1985) also reported on several species of 'forage fish' from the Cookson Reservoir, such as brassy minnow (Hybognathus hankinsoni), Year-0 carp (Cvprinus carpio) and Year-0 white suckers. Mercury burden in these three fish species ranged from 0.03 to 0.25 mg/Kg. There have been no new measurements of mercury concentrations in these fish species since that study. 48 6.4 Morrison Dam Inspection On September 25, 1 991 a field inspection of Morrison Dam was conducted by SaskPower personnel. The entire exposed surface of the embankment and those uncovered parts of the stmcture were examined as well as the channel area immediately downstream of the dam. The pore pressure for the three instrumentation sections were also plotted and reviewed. The dam and spillways were found to be working satisfactorily and generally to be in good condition. A complete check of the spillway gates is recommended in the report and this wori< is scheduled to be completed in 1992. 49 7.0 ASH LAGOONS 7.1 Operations Operations during 1991 were similar to the last several years. Ash Lagoon No. 1 was used during winter months and Ash Lagoon No. 3 North was utilized in the summer. Ash Lagoon No. 2 continues to be used as backup when the other two lagoons are not available. The total amount of ash that was deposited into the lagoons during 1991 is estimated at 487 830 m^ An estimated 224 200 m^ of supply water was added during 1991. At the start of October 1991 , all ash was directed to Ash Lagoon No. 3 North. With the colder weather experienced in the last half of October 1991 , ash was redirected to Ash Lagoon No. 2, but pumping from No. 3 North continued to return as much water to the remaining lagoons as possible before freeze up. In the last week of November 1 991 , Ash Lagoon No. 1 was put into service and remained in service to the end of the year. 7.2 Ash Lagoon Inspections Daily and monthly ash lagoon inspections were conducted. There was no sign of dyke misalignment or seepage. 50 An annual inspection to assess the condition of the ash lagoon dykes was conducted on October 03, 1991. The Inspection was conducted by Edward A. Wilson, P. Eng. representing Clifton Associates Ltd., of Regina, Saskatchewan. Mr. Wilson has been responsible for several annual inspections in the past and is familiar with the site. The conclusion of his report is that the lagoon dykes and liners have good integrity and the ash Is contained effectively. The lagoon system is performing as designed. The report restates the recommendations that were made in 1990 but had not yet been complied with: (i) the installation of additional monitoring piezometers, and (ii) the dredging of ash by the No. 2 outlet structure. SaskPower plans to complete the installation of the additional monitoring piezometers in the summer of 1992. Dredging by the No. 2 discharge structure is at this time not viewed as a critical issue and has not yet been scheduled. 7.3 Dyke Stability There are three inclinometers located along the toe of Dyke "G" designated SI 101 , 102, and 103, respectively. On an annual basis, these inclinometers are measured and the results are compared to previous readings to determine possible movement over time. The measurements for this reporting period were completed June 19, 1991 . There was no indication of movement in any of the inclinometers. The 1982 Ash Lagoon Dyke Slope Stability Study, which was prepared by Clifton 51 Associates Limited and illustrated cross sections of the dykes, indicated a reduction in dyke stability. The water level is not exceeding the critical failure surface. A review of the hydrographs for October 1991 , on piezometers associated with these cross sections does not indicate an increasing trend that would suggest the critical failure surface line will be reached. 7.4 Lagoon Water Levels Figure 7.1 illustrates operating levels for Ash Lagoon No. 1, Ash Lagoon No. 2, Ash Lagoon No. 3 North and the polishing pond for the period 1 983 to 1 991 . Freeboard limits were not exceeded during this reporting period for Ash Lagoon No. 2, Ash Lagoon No. 3 North and the polishing pond. 767 753 MMMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 7.1 Ash Lagoon Water Levels and Polishing Pond Level, 1983 to 1991. 52 7.5 Lagoon Seepage Estimates In 1990, SaskPower submitted tlie report entitled "Hydrogeological Evaluation - Ash Storage Lagoon" prepared by Clifton Associates Ltd., of Regina. A purpose of the report was to review the existing seepage calculations and recommend changes, if required, to the existing method or propose a new method that would increase the accuracy of the calculation. The existing method for estimating seepage was confirmed to be acceptable but adopting an updated method was recommended. Before an updated method can be adopted, it will be necessary to obtain additional piezometer level information from within the lagoon area. Installations of new piezometers are planned for the summer of 1992. The existing calculations will be used until newer methods of completing the seepage calculations are approved. In the last quarter of 1991 , comments of the report were received supporting the findings and recommendations of the report. Results of these 1991 seepage calculations are summarized in Table 7.1 along with the results of previous calculations from 1984. The total calculated seepage was determined to be 1 .267 L/s and is a large increase over the 1990 calculated value of 0.991 Us. This increase can mostly be attributed to the growth in calculated seepage rates for Ash Lagoon No. 3 North from 0.144 L/s in 1990 to 0.332 L/s in 1991. This was expected because of the elevated operating levels for Ash Lagoon No. 3 during 1991. This was the first year that ash was directed from both units to this lagoon for the entire summer. Table 7.1 Ash Lagoon Seepage Rates and Liner Permeabilities, Poplar River Power Station, October 1991. 53 Seepage Rate Liner Permeability (cm/s) Vertical (L/s) Horizontal (Us) Total (L/s) Polishing Pond | 1984 Oct. 8.13 X 10' 0.055 0.128 0.183 1985 Oct. 8.70 X 10» 0.064 0.175 0.239 1986 Oct. 10.8 X lO" 0.062 0.188 0.250 1987 Oct. 14.4 X 10' 0.078 0.200 0.278 1988 Oct. 28.7 X 10» 0.087 0.226 0.313 1989 Oct. 20.6 X 10'» 0.066 0.214 0.280 1990 Oct. 18.6 X 10' 0.072 0.206 0.278 1991 Oct. 27.1 X 10' 0.079 0.222 0.301 Ash Lagoon No. 1 ' || 1984 Oct. 2.20 X 10' 0.075 0.068 0.143 1 985 Oct. 3.66 X 10' 0.085 0.087 0.172 1986 Oct. 1.95 X 10' 0.083 0.070 0.153 1987 Oct. 2.36 X 10' 0.092 0.080 0.172 1988 Oct. 4.00x10' 0.121 0.125 0.246 1989 Oct. 2.88 X 10» 0.135 0.079 0.214 1990 Oct. 3.00 X 10' 0.160 0.076 0.236 1991 Oct. 2.16 X 10' 0.165 0.080 0.245 Ash Lagoon No. 2 | 1984 Oct. 3.8 X 10' 0.116 0.114 0.230 1985 Oct. 9.22 X 1 0' 0.189 0.15 0.339 1986 Oct. 10.5x10' 0.199 0.144 0.343 1987 Oct. 11.0 X 10' 0.219 0.080 0.299 1988 Oct. 16.0 X 10' 0.236 0.081 0.317 1 989 Oct. 7.8 X 10' 0.250 0.073 0.323 1990 Oct. 6.6 X 10' 0.260 0.073 0.333 1991 Oct. 9.9 X 10' 0.304 0.085 0.389 Ash Lagoon No. 3 | 1987 Oct. 0.17 X 10' 0.002 0.0 0.002 1988 Oct. • 0.022 0.0 0.022 1989 Oct. 11.8 X 10' 0.030 0.059 0.089 1990 Oct. 23.6 X 10' 0.042 0.102 0.144 1991 Oct. 18.5 X 10° 0.095 0.237 0.332 Total Seepage 1984-0.556 (LVs) 1985 -0.750 (L7s) 1986 -0.746 (L/s) 1987-0.751 (L/s) 1988 -0.898 1989 -0.906 1990 -0.991 1991 - 1.267 (Us) (Us) (Us) (Us) ' Permeability (xjuld not be calcul aXed (due to negative gratiients. 54 Total seepage rates and permeabilities of the liners are in the same order of magnitude as originally calculated by T.A. Prickitt. 7.6 Lagoon Water Quality During the last two years, test results for many parameters have changed significantly with most sharing a common pattern of declining and then increasing. An investigation has not revealed a specific factor as to the cause of the changes but rather has indicated a series of events that may have influenced the changes. By the end of 1991, tests results were moving towards pre-1990 levels. The graphs contained in this section illustrate the results of thirteen parameters for the polishing pond from 1983 to 1991. On many of the graphs, polishing pond volume and pH have been added for reference. Figure 7.2 illustrates polishing pond conductivity and displays the overall general condition of the polishing pond from 1983 to 1991. Historically, there has been an inverse relationship between polishing pond conductivity and polishing pond volume. An increase in polishing pond levels resulting from the addition of supply or melt-water normally results in an improvement in water quality. From 1985 to 1988, conductivity was consistent at about the 3000 ^is/cm level. In mid- 1988, conductivity increased as volumes within the lagoons decreased due to very high evaporation rates that year. Over the winter of 1990 and 1991, conductivity reached historic levels of 6000 |is/cm before decreasing sharply in early 1991 in response to supply water being added to the lagoon system. At the end of 1991, polishing pond 55 conductivity was around 3000 |is/cm. The levels of both vanadium and chromium have been in the 0.1 to 0.4 mg/L range. During the winter of 1990/91 , test results for both parameters decreased sharply below 0.1 mg/L but have since increased to near previous levels. From 1 984 to 1 988, a modest increasing trend was noted for molybdenum with steady values of between 3.0 and 4.0 mg/L for 1988 to 1990. From late 1990 to mid-1991 , values were declining but by the end of 1991 molybdenum results had returned to pre-1990 levels. Fluoride and sodium appear to have followed the same pattern as the other parameters during 1990 and 1991. From 1983 to 1989, fluoride results moved between the 5 and 15 mg/L levels with the occasional spike to 25 mg/L. In early 1990, results dropped sharply and remained low to late 1991 when fluoride results started to move up. From 1988, sodium results have remained stable at about 600 mg/L. In the second quarter of 1991, sodium results dropped to 446 mg/L, but like fluoride, sodium results were increasing by the end of the year. The results for chromium, sodium, vanadium, fluoride and molybdenum do not appear to be strongly influenced by polishing pond water volumes. Sulphate results have historically moved between a wide range of 500 to 1500 mg/L. Contrary to what was observed for other parameters, there is a good relationship between sulphate results and polishing pond volumes. 56 1,000 800 600 -^ -- 400 200 M M M M 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 M M 87 I 88 M M 89 I 90 M 91 O > Figure 7.2 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Conductivity and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991. 0.5 0.1 ^ POLISHING POND-V 1,000 800 600 -sr ■ 400 200 M 89 M M 1 90 1 91 M M M M M M 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 Figure 7.3 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Vanadium and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991. 57 0.4 0.3 1 ,000 C3) E 0.2 O o 0.1 600 -^ M M M M 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 M M M 87 I 88 I 89 M 90 M 91 J o Figure 7.4 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Chromium and Polishing Pond Volume, 198310 1991. 35 30 1 y 2E 25 ■Z3 ■P-. LLI m 20 >- _l O ^ 15 oS LU rr 10 O ■POLISHING POND-F — POLISHING POND-VOLUME *<- POLISHING POND-Mo Q4^K^c»>»<-»»»>^-»r^ 1,000 800 600 -ST 400 200 MMMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 1 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 7.5 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Fluoride, Molybdenum and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991. 58 As shown in Figure 7.7, potassium results were increasing from 1983 to 1988. A large spike of 135 mg/L was observed in August 1988, followed by steady results of about 60 mg/L to 1990. Like other test results, potassium levels dropped in early 1991 and by the end of the year had increased to previous levels. Strontium and uranium values have shown little change from 1988 levels. Uranium levels in the lagoons have rarely exceeded detection limits (less than 0.1 ng/L). Strontium values have been decreasing from 1988 and are now consistently below 0.5 mg/L. Figure 7.9 to Figure 7.1 1 illustrate calcium and magnesium results compared to changing polishing pond volume and pH results. There is an apparent softening trend of the lagoons from 1988. From 1989, magnesium levels have consistently been below 1 mg/L compared to 5 to 25 mg/L from 1983 to 1988. Calcium levels are also lower after 1988 and exhibit a much wider range of fluctuations than previously seen. In February 1991 , calcium concentration was 236 mg/L but in May had dropped to 2.7 mg/L. Polishing pond volumes have likely influenced results for both calcium and magnesium. Solubilities of magnesium may be linked to elevated pH (over 10). However, high pH levels poorly explain calcium results. One of the most interesting trends has been the sudden decrease in boron results from 1990. Historically, boron results were increasing from 1983 to 1985. This was expected as boron concentration reached solubility limits. From 1985 to 1990, boron concentrations moved within an established range of between 70 and 90 mg/L. 59 < Q- co e8 Q O CO 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 POLISHING POND - S04 POLISHING POND - Na 1 ,000 800 600 -sr 400 200 MMMMMMMMM 83| 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 7.6 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Sodium, Sulphate and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991. 140 _ 120 E :r 100 80 o CO oa 60 CO CO 40 20 POLISHING POND-K POLISHING POND-Sr 1,000 800 600 -^ 400 200 M M M M 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 M M M M M 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 7.7 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Potassium, Strontium and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991. 60 1,000 800 600 -^ 400 200 MMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 M 91 O Figure 7.8 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Uranium and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991. 400 300 t 200 100 POLISHING POND-Ca 1,000 M M M 83 I 84 I 85 M M M 86 I 87 I 88 M M M 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 7.9 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Calcium and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991. 61 MMMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 7.10 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Calcium and Polishing Pond pH, 1983 to 1991. 35 >^iK'Mllf^.'^7 14 MMMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 7.11 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Magnesium and Polishing Pond pH, 1983 to 1991. 62 Boron results moved opposite to polishing pond water levels (Figure 7.12) and by the end of 1990, boron had decreased dramatically to 20 mg/L. Discussion presented in 1990, suggested the sudden decrease in boron during 1990 could be explained by the pH of the lagoons. With a pH greater than 10.0, boron solubility drops rapidly as shown in Figure 7.13. Information collected in 1991 still supports this suggestion. In May 1 991 , the polishing pond pH was over 1 1 .8, while at the same time the boron level was near a historic low of 3.61 mg/L. By mid-1991 , pH levels in the lagoon had dropped and boron levels were increasing. At the end of 1991 , the pH in the polishing pond had decreased to 10.1 while the boron level was 18.1 mg/L. One possible influence of the unusual trends seen during 1990 and 1991 , is the different operating conditions seen at this time compared to other years. SaskPower has been experimenting with a limestone (CaCOa) injection system called "LIFAC" to help reduce sulphur dioxide emissions. Testing of the system started in the last quarter of 1990 and lasted to the end of June 1991. It was during this time that a lot of the unusual results were seen. The chemistry of the polishing pond was known to be changing. The scaling potential of the ash water had suddenly increased and this was confirmed as the ash recirculating pumps had to be cleaned of scale regularly. Another factor influencing lagoon water quality in 1991 was the addition in March and April of approximately 224 200 m' of supply water. This had a positive influence on water quality. 63 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 POLISHING POND-B ji i J POLISHING POND-VOLUME ^^'\ ii- 1 ,000 800 600 -sr 400 200 MMMMMMMMM 83 I 84 I 85 I 86 I 87 I 88 I 89 I 90 I 91 Figure 7.12 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Boron and Polishing Pond Volume, 1983 to 1991. 120 100 E O o CD POLISHING POND ■% \!^.A:!}l.l.r^.:j^ 14 13 "in I2I 11 10 9 8 o M M M 83 I 84 I 85 Figure 7.13 Lagoon Water Quality Data for Boron and Polishing Pond pH, 1983 to 1991. 64 7.7 Interceptor Trench When Ash Lagoon No. 3 North was built, two separate interceptor trenches were also constmcted along the toe side of Dykes "H" and "I". Each interceptor trench consists of two legs that drain into a manhole. The west interceptor trench's manhole (designated DG1 ) is at junction of Dykes "D" and "H". One leg extends south from the manhole along Dyke "D" to the end of the dyke. The other leg extends east to about the half way point along Dyke "H". The second manhole is located at the junction of Dykes "H" and "I", (designated DG2). One leg extends west along Dyke "H" and stops before it hits the west interceptor trench. The second leg goes northeast along Dyke "I". Draining of the interceptor trenches is expected to keep the area downstream of Ash Lagoons No. 2 and No. 3 North from becoming saturated. This is desirable because this area will eventually become Ash Lagoon No. 3 South. It will be easier and less expensive to build this lagoon if the soil is not saturated. During the summer of 1989, electric pumps and discharge piping were installed in each manhole. The west manhole discharges in Ash Lagoon No. 2 and the east manhole into Ash Lagoon No. 3 North. Both pumps are activated by level controllers. The pumps were commissioned and put into service in December 1989. 65 Both pumps were in service during 1 990. In the first quarter of 1 990, discharge flow from the west manhole was regular and over the course of the year a noticeable decline in discharge flow was observed. A similar pattern was observed for the east manhole but by mid-year no discharge flow was occurring. When Investigated further it was determined there was no flow was coming in from the interceptor trenches feeding the east manhole. This is because groundwater levels surrounding the east manhole do not show gradients towards the east interceptor trench. The 1990 year end pumping patterns continued throughout 1991 for both manholes. The east pumpwell rarely discharged as the west pumpwell discharged at a regular pace. Poplar River Power Station started testing these manholes in May 1989, before pumping was started and have continued to do so on a quarterly basis. The water quality of both manholes is poor and of similar quality to that of the oxidized till piezometers. The poor water quality is because both manholes draw water from the upper horizons. Table 7.2 summarizes the data and compares information from the two manholes before and after pumping was started. Since pumping has started, the water quality of the west manhole has declined for most tests. The increasing boron levels indicate there may be seepage activity from the lagoons towards the west interceptor trench but more analysis is needed to support this 66 Table 7.2 Water Quality for Lagoon Pumpwells DG1 and DG2, at Poplar River Power Station. DG1 DG2 Parameter' Before Pumping (Dec. 1/89) Before Pumping (Dec. 1/89) Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. pH (units) 7.8 7.8 8.0 7.9 Conductivity 2710 3580 4400 4462 TDS 2159 3064 3750 3846 Calcium 149 280 505 460 Magnesium 142 245 334 354 Sodium 65 100 272 275 Potassium 6.3 8.2 156 15.0 Sulphate 1287 2035 2566 2507 Chloride 35 54 100 90 Iron <0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02 Aluminum 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.15 Fluoride 0.37 0.32 0.23 0.22 Arsenic (ng/L) 0.90 0.70 0.67 0.44 Boron 1.5 2.7 1.20 1.1 Barium 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.03 Cadmium <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 Cobalt <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 Chromium 0.003 <0.010 0.002 0.010 Copper Mercury (^g/L) 0.15 0.13 0.10 0.17 Manganese 0.14 0.03 0.036 0.006 1 Molybdenum 0.005 0.013 <0.001 0.006 Selenium 0.001 0.001 0.03 0.02 Strontium 1.36 2.85 1.81 2.2 1 Uranium 58 86 94 124 Vanadium 0.004 0.003 0.004 <0.001 Zinc 0.19 1.47 3.6 1.37 * All values are mg/L unless otherwise noted 67 conclusion. For example, seepage activity should reduce chloride levels to equal those of the ash lagoons but instead chloride levels are increasing. 7.8 Leachate Review Historically, the leachate review has been presented through the aid of graphs to show developing trends. This report uses maps to show changes in piezometric surface, in chloride and boron for the oxidized, unoxidized and Empress layers. A total of eighteen maps are provided in Appendix 5 of this report to demonstrate these changes. The piezometric surface for the oxidized strata shows a groundwater mound beneath the lagoons. As shown on the change in piezometric surface map, the groundwater mound extends from the east side of Ash Lagoon No. 2 where a six metre increase has been noted, to the west side of the polishing pond where levels have increased about four metres. Moving toward the reservoir, the oxidized till piezometers have shown a decreasing trend, reacting to lower reservoir levels. The largest changes in chloride and boron levels in the oxidized till have occurred where the piezometric levels have changed the most. This would be expected because changing water levels does suggest water movement. The increasing boron results on the east and south side of Ash Lagoon No. 2 along with the decreasing chloride levels suggests a leachate influence. On the west side of the polishing pond, the boron levels have changed little but the chloride levels have increased greatly, moving opposite to 68 lagoon chloride levels. A waterfront may be moving through this area ahead of a leachate front. There has been little change in boron or chloride levels for most of the oxidized till piezometers located by the reservoir. The only significant change in any of these piezometers has been C719 where chloride levels have decreased to 87 mg/L. The calculated groundwater movement in the oxidized till from the polishing pond to the reservoir is about 18 metres from 1981 to 1991. This is theoretically not yet far enough to affect this piezometer. Like for the oxidized layer, a groundwater mound has also developed for most of the unoxidized till piezometers extending from the east side of Ash Lagoon No. 2 to the west side of the polishing pond. The size of mound does not extend as far as the oxidized layer and not all unoxidized till piezometers are affected. For example, unoxidized till piezometer C764D is located within the mound area but has historically reacted to the reservoir and is showing a decreasing level. An examination of the boron and chloride levels does not indicate any distinct trends. The piezometric surface of the Empress gravels indicates a regional flow from west to south east below Morrison Dam. Around the lagoon area, there is a noticeable drop in piezometric head at the east side of Ash Lagoon No. 2. There is also an increasing mound at the east end of Ash Lagoon No. 3 North. 69 As a general observation, the closer the Empress piezometer is to the reservoir, the larger the decrease in water levels have been from 1983 to 1991. There appears to be less of a decrease beneath rather than around the lagoons. This may be due to upper horizon influences such as leachate movement or pore pressure or the water mound on the east of Ash Lagoon No. 3 North. The boron and chloride results for the Empress layer do not indicate significant changes. The largest change in boron near the lagoons is 0.48 mg/L. Leachate movement was also reviewed at piezometer C71 2B in the intra till sands on the north side of the polishing pond. Boron levels continue to show an increasing trend (Figure 7.14) and chloride results have been steady over the last several years (Figure 7.15). A slug of leachate is probably affecting this piezometer rather than a continuous plume. Comprehensive monitoring should continue at this location. 7.9 Ash Surcharging From October 26, 1991, to November 16, 1991, the dykes on Ash Lagoon No. 1 were built up making room for future ash stacking operations. Most of the activity during this period was concentrated at the south end of the lagoon, and the south half of the east ash dyke. The ash dykes in these areas were raised about two metres. 70 C712B 5/25/79 10/6/80 2/18/82 7/3/83 11/14/84 3/29/86 8/11/87 12/23/88 5/7/90 9/19/91 SAMPLE DATE RANGE Figure 7.14 Boron in Piezometer C712B. C712B 5/25/79 10/6/80 2/18/82 7/3/83 11/14/84 3/29/86 8/11/87 12/23/88 5/7/90 9/19/91 SAMPLE DATE RANGE Figure 7.15 Chloride in Piezometer C712B. 71 Following the completion of the work, the ash surcharge was surveyed to determine the slope of the ash. No slope was determined to be greater than 25%. While the work was being done on Ash Lagoon No. 1 , a small ash dyke was constructed at the south end of Ash Lagoon No. 2. This action became necessary to prevent ash or ash water discharging from Ash Lagoon No. 1 over Dyke "C" at the south of Ash Lagoon No. 2. Over the next several years it is anticipated that more ash dykes will be built on Ash Lagoon No. 2, as the surcharging project continues. Figure 7.16 shows the built up dykes on Ash Lagoons No. 1 and No. 2 as well as the condition of the other cells for December 31, 1991. 72 E Q> O O a s en c o (0 0) >« Q d> UL 73 8.0 SEWAGE HOLDING POND 8.1 Operations There was no change in the operation of the sewage holding pond during 1991 . Effluent fronn the sewage treatnnent plant is disposed of in the polishing pond after a period in the sewage holding pond. The total amount of sewage transferred in 1991 is estimated at 1955 m^. Neither ash nor ash water was added during 1991 . 8.2 Pond Quality Table 8.1 provides the results from the various points comprising the sewage facilities. There is no indication of an increasing trend in the polishing pond that would suggest an impact from the sewage facilities. 74 Table 8.1 Waste Water Data, November 1991, Poplar River Power Station. Parameter' Sewage Inlet Sewage Outlet Sewage Holding Pond Polishing Pond Chloride 166 127 118 32 Conductivity (us/cm) 2 450 2 010 2 240 2 830 Total Conform (Col/100 ml) 27 000 2 600 60 <1 Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 48 4.4 1.6 14.8 Nitrate Nitrogen asN <0.003 36.3 1.3 ... Total Phosphorous as P 6.6 4.1 1.1 — Non-Filterable Residue 260 34 13 2.0 Non-Filterable Residue Volatile 214 24 4.4 0.8 5 Day, 20°C Biochemical Oxygen Demand 123.5 10.5 5.7 — * All concentration s mg/L unless oth enwise noted 75 9.0 AIR QUALITY 9.1 Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety During 1991 , ambient sulphur dioxide monitoring recorded no violations of Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety's hourly and 24 hour average standards of 0.17 and 0.06 ppm, respectively. The highest recorded hourly value of 0.137 ppm SOg was recorded on September 27 at 1 6:00 hours, as compared to 0.085 ppm SOg recorded in July, 1 990. The highest 24-hour average, reading of 0.011 ppm occurred on September 6 as compared to 1990's highest average reading of 0.012 ppm. There was no downtime for the monitor during the 12-month period, compared to 1990's 1.8%. Figures 9.1 and 9.2 display maximum hourly and daily (24-hour) average readings obtained at the monitoring station during the last five years. Suspended particulate concentrations obtained from the high volume monitor at the same site for the 12-month period exceeded Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety's 24-hour average standard of 120 |ig/m^/24 hours on two occasions, September 3 and October 21 at 162.2 [ig/m^ and 197.7 ^g/m^ respectively. Wind data for October 21 indicated that winds were blowing from the south to southeast indicating that the power plant could have been a possible source. The annual geometric mean of 31 .3 |ig/m^ is well below the provincial standard of 70.0 and is lower than 1990's annual geometric mean of 35.4 ^ig/m^. Downtime for the monitor was 3.3% compared to 23% in 1990. 76 CM o CO 1981 1982 1983 1984 1986 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Figure 9.1 Maximum Daily SOj Air Quality Data, Coronach Water Treatment Plant, 1981 to 1991, (Saskatchewan 24-hour standard). 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Figure 9.2 Maximum Hourly SO2 Air Quality Data, Coronach Water Treatment Plant, 1981 to 1991, (Saskatchewan 1-hour standard). 77 9.2 SaskPower Ambient SOj monitoring conducted at SaskPower's station which is located 8.0 kilometres southeast of the plant, near the 49th parallel, showed no violation for 1991 , the same as in 1990. The highest hourly reading of 0.081 ppm occurred on October 17, 1991 at 4:00 hours. Weather data recorded by Environment Canada's weather station located at Rockglen (37 kilometres northwest of the plant) indicated winds blowing from the plant towards the monitor at the time. This reading compares to the highest hourly reading of 0.049 ppm recorded in 1990. Downtime for the monitor was 5.6%, as compared to the 1990"s 1.3%. Suspended particulate concentrations at SaskPower's monitoring station exceeded Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety's 24-hour standard on two occasions in 1991, compared to five in 1990. The highest recorded value of 173.8 |ig/m^/24 hours occurred on September 3. This, as well as the other violation, were probably caused by field-blown dust as no specific episodes of heavy particulate release from the plant stack on violation days could be determined. The annual geometric mean of 26.8 ^ig/m^ is well below the provincial standard of 70.0 and compares with the 1990 mean of 35.4. Downtime for the sampler was 6.7%, as compared to 1 990's 1 .7%. 78 9.3 In-Stack Monitoring Sulphur dioxide averages in 1991 were very similar to those in 1990. Daily concentrations ranged from a low of 1 165 mg/m^ to a high of 4421 mg/m^ (corrected to 3% O2) with an averaged yearly concentration of 2876 mg/m^ as compared to 2896 mg/m^ in 1990. Downtime for the SOg in stack monitor was 19%, slightly higher than 1990's 16%. Nitrogen oxide averages in 1991 were similar to those in 1990, with daily concentrations ranging from a low of 440 mg/m' to a high of 1047 mg/m^ (corrected to 3% O2) with an average yearly concentration of 719 as compared to 741 in 1990. Downtime for the NO^ in-stack monitor was 24%, up from 1990's 16%. Daily opacity readings ranged from 0 to 100%, with a yearly average of 45% compared to 37% in 1 990. Downtime for the opacity monitor was 1 % as compared to 1 990's 4%. Stack gas flow rates ranged from a low of 466 mVs to a high of 714 mVs, with an average flow of 651 m^/s in 1991. Downtime for the 12-month period in 1991 was 1%, the same as 1990's. Units No. 1 and No. 2 operated with yearly average capacity factors of 88.7 and 86.2% respectively, compared to 88.1% and 88.4% in 1990. Totals combining both units were as follows: Coal - 3 841 000 kg in 1991, compared to 3 821 978 kg in 1990. Oil - 1823 m^ in 1991, compared to 2102 m^ in 1990. Gross Megawatt Hours - 4 534 100 in 1991 compared to 4 574 700 in 1990. 79 10.0 REFERENCES CITED Integrated Environments Limited. 1991. The Use of the Tydac SPANS GIS in the Assessment and Review of Pesticide Residues Detected in Surface Waters of the Prairie Provinces and the Northwest Territories. Calgary, Alberta, March 31 , 1991, 138 pp. Irvine, J.A., Whitaker, S.H., and Broughton, P.L 1978. Coal Resources of Southern Saskatchewan - A Model for Evaluation Methodology. (Note: this report is listed three ways), Geological Survey of Canada Economic Geology Report 30 or Department of Mineral Resources Report 209, or Saskatchewan Research Council Report 20; Part I, 151 pp. Part II, 56 oversize plates. Munro, D. 1985. Report on Mercury in the Cookson Reservoir. Water Quality Branch, Inland Waters Directorate, Environment Canada, Regina, Saskatchewan, WQB-WNR-85-02, 25 pp. Shaw, D.P. 1991 (in prep.). Mercury in fish from Cookson Reservoir. Water Quality Branch, Inland Waters Directorate, Environment Canada, Regina, Saskatchewan, October 1991. Walte, D.T., G.W. Dunn and R.J. Stedwill. 1980. Mercury in the Cookson Reservoir. Saskatchewan Department of Environment and Public Safety, Water Pollution Control Section, Report WPC No. 23. Water Quality Branch. 1980. Cookson Reservoir Aquatic Quality Baseline Survey, 1979. Prepared for Saskatchewan Power Corporation, Contract E-021, Inland Waters Directorate, Environment Canada, Regina, Saskatchewan. ANNEX 1 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT CANADA-UNITED STATES A1 - 1 September 23, 1980 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT I. PURPOSE This Arrangement will provide for the exchange of data collected as described in the attached Technical Monitoring Schedules in water quality, water quantity and air quality monitoring programs being conducted in Canada and the United States at or near the International Boundary in response to SaskPower development. This Arrangement will also provide for the dissemination of the data in each country and will assure its comparability and assist in its technical interpretation. The Arrangement will replace and expand upon the quarterly information exchange program instituted between Canada and the United States in 1976. II. PARTICIPATING GOVERNMENTS Governments and government agencies participating in the Arrangement are: Government of Canada: Environment Canada Government of the Province of Saskatchewan: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety Government of the United States of America: U.S. Geological Survey Government of the State of Montana: Executive Office III. POPLAR RIVER MONITORING COMMITTEE: TERMS OF REFERENCE A binational committee called the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee will be established to carry out responsibilities assigned to it under this Arrangement. The Committee will operate in accordance with the following terms of reference: A. Membership The Committee will be composed of four representatives, one from each of the participating Governments. It will be jointly chaired by the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States. There will be a Canadian Section and a United States Section. The participating Governments will notify each other of any changes in membership on the Committee. Co-chairpersons may by mutual agreement invite agency technical experts to participate in the work of the Committee. A1 - 2 The Governor of the State of Montana may also appoint a chief elective official of local government to participate as an ex-officio member of the Committee in its technical deliberations. The Saskatchewan Minister of the Environment may also appoint a similar local representative. B. Functions of the Committee The role of the Committee will be to fulfill the purpose of the Arrangement by ensuring the exchange of monitored data in accordance with the attached Technical Monitoring Schedules, and its collation and technical interpretation in reports to Governments on implementation of the Arrangement. In addition, the Committee will review the existing monitoring systems to ensure their adequacy and may recommend to the Canadian and United States Governments any modifications to improve the Technical Monitoring Schedules. 1. Information Exchange Each Co-chairperson will be responsible for transmitting to his counterpart Co-chairperson on a regular, and not less than quarterly basis, the data provided by the cooperative monitoring agencies in accordance with the Technical Monitoring Schedules. 2. Reports (a) The Committee will prepare a joint Annual Report to the participating governments, and may at any time prepare joint Special Reports. (b) Annual Reports will i) summarize the main activities of the Committee in the year under Report and the data which has been exchanged under the Arrangement; ii) draw to the attention of the participating governments any definitive changes in the monitored parameters, based on collation and technical interpretation of exchanged data (i.e. the utilization of summary, statistical and other appropriate techniques); ill) draw to the attention of the participating governments any recommendations regarding the adequacy or redundancy of any scheduled monitoring operations and any proposals regarding modifications to the Technical Monitoring Schedules, based on a continuing review of the monitoring programs including analytical methods to ensure their comparability. A1 -3 c) Special Reports may, at any time, draw to the attention of participating governments definitive changes in monitored parameters which may require immediate attention. d) Preparation of Reports Reports will be prepared following consultation with all committee members and will be signed by all Committee members. Reports will be separately forwarded by the Committee Co-chairmen to the participating governments. All annual and special reports will be so distributed. 3. Activities of Canadian and United States Sections The Canadian and United States section will be separately responsible for: (a) dissemination of information within their respective countries, and the arrangement of any discussion required with local elected officials; (b) verification that monitoring operations are being carried out in accordance with the Technical Monitoring Schedules by cooperating monitoring agencies; (c) receipt and collation of monitored data generated by the cooperating monitoring agencies in their respective countries as specified in the Technical Monitoring Schedules; (d) if necessary, drawing to the attention of the appropriate government in their respective countries any failure to comply with a scheduled monitoring function on the part of any cooperating agency under the jurisdiction of that government, and requesting that appropriate corrective action be taken. IV. PROVISION OF DATA In order to ensure that the Committee is able to carry out the terms of this Arrangement, the participating governments will use their best efforts to have cooperating monitoring agencies, in their respective jurisdictions provide on an ongoing basis all scheduled monitored data for which they are responsible. V. TERMS OF THE ARRANGEMENT The Arrangement will be effective for an initial term of five years and may be amended by agreement of the participating governments. It will be subject to review at the end of the initial term and will be renewed thereafter for as long as it is required by the participating governments. A1 -4 ANNEX 2 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 1992 CANADA-UNITED STATES A2- 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREAMBLE A2 - 3 CANADA STREAMFLOW MONITORING A2 - 5 SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 7 GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 1 1 GROUND WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING A2 - 13 GROUND WATER PIEZOMETERS LEVEL MONITORING - ASH LAGOON AREA SCHEDULE A - PIEZOMETERS IN TILL A2 - 15 GROUND WATER PIEZOMETER LEVEL MONITORING - ASH LAGOON AREA AND INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AREA SCHEDULE B - PIEZOMETERS IN EMPRESS GRAVEL A2 - 17 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 19 SOURCE EMISSION MONITORING A2 - 21 UNITED STATES STREAMFLOW MONITORING " A2 - 24 SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 26 GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 28 GROUND WATER LEVELS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING A2 - 30 A2-2 PREAMBLE The Technical Monitoring Schedule lists those water quantity, water quality and air quality monitoring locations and paranneters which form the basis for information exchange and reporting to Governments. The stmcture of the Committee responsible for ensuring the exchange takes place is described In the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement. The monitoring locations and parameters listed herein have been reviewed by the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring committee and represent the basic technical information needed to Identify any definitive changes in water quantity, water quality and air quality at the International Boundary. The Schedule was initially submitted to Governments for approval as an attachment to the 1981 report Governments. Changes in the sampling locations and parameters may be made by Governments based on the recommendations of the committee. Significant additional information is being collected by agencies on both sides of the International Boundary, primarily for project management or basin-wide baseline data purposes. This additional information is usually available upon request from the collecting agency and forms part of the pool of technical information which may be drawn upon by Governments for specific study purposes. Examples of additional information are water quantity, water quality, groundwater and air quality data collected at points in the Poplar River basin not of direct concern to the Committee. In addition, supplemental information on parameters such as vegetation, soils, fish and waterfowl populations and aquatic vegetation is also being collected on either a routine or specific studies basis by various agencies. A2-3 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 1992 CANADA A2-4 STREAMFLOW MONITORING Responsible Agency: Environment Canada Daily mean discharge or levels and instantaneous monthly extremes as normally published in surface water data publications. No. on Map Station No. Station Name *1 11AE003 (06178500) East Poplar River at International Boundary 2 11AE013 Cookson Reservoir near Coronach 3 11AE015 Girard Creek near Coronach Cookson Reservoir 4 11AE014 East Poplar River above Cookson Reservoir 5 **Fife Lake Overflow *6 11AE008 (06178000) Poplar River at International Boundary International gauging station Miscellaneous measurements of outflow to be made by Sask Water during periods of outflow only. A2-5 0 5 10 15 Km HYDROMETRIC GAUGING STATIONS (CANADA) A2- 6 SURFACE WATER QUALITY Sampling Locations Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety No. on Map Station No. Station Name 1 7904 Fife Lake Overflow 2 12412 Discontinued Girard Creek at Coronacfi Reservoir Outflow 3 12377 Discontinued Upper End of Cookson Reservoir at Highiway 36 4 12368 Cookson Reservoir near Dam 5 12386 Discontinued East Poplar River at Culvert Immediately Below Cookson Reservoir Responsible Agency: Environment Canada No. on Map Station No. Station Name 6 00SA11AE0008 East Poplar River at International Boundary A2-7 PARAMETERS Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety ESQUADAr Code Parameter Analytical Method Sampling Frequency Statnn No. 1 2 3 4 5 10151 Alkalinity-phenol Pot. Titration OF Q Q Q Q 10101 AlkaBn«y-tot Pot. Titration OF Q Q Q Q 13004 Aluminum tot AA-direct A A A A 33004 Arsenic-tol Flameless-AA. A A A A 06201 Bicarbonates Caknjiated OF Q Q Q Q 05451 Bororvtot ICAP W Q Q Q Q 46002 Cadmium-tot AA-Solvent extract (MIBK) A A A A 20103 Calcium AA-direct OF Q Q Q Q 06052 Cartx)n-tot Inorg. Infrared OF 0 Q Q 06005 Cartx>n-tot Org. Infrared OF Q Q Q 06301 Cattsonates Caknjiated OF 0 Q Q 0 17203 Chloride Automated Cok>urimetric OF Q Q Q Q 06711 Chlorophyll 'a' Spectrophotometry Q Q Q Q 24004 Chromium-tot AA-Direct A A A A 36012 ColHorm-fec Membrane Filtration OF 0 0 Q Q 36002 CoMorm-tot Membrane FiMratton OF Q 0 Q Q 02041 Conductivity Conductivity Meter W 0 Q Q 0 29005 Copp«r-tot AA-Solvent extract (MIBK) A A A A 09105 Fluoride Specific ion electrode A A A A 82002 Lead-tot AA-Solvent extract (MIBK) A A A A 12102 Magnesium AA-Direct OF Q Q Q Q 80011 Mercury-tot Flameless AA A A A A 42005 Molybdenum AA-Solvent extract (MIBK) A A A A 07015 N-TKN Automated Colourimetric OF Q Q Q Q 10401 NFR Gravimetric OF Q Q Q 0 10501 NFR(F) Gravimetric OF Q Q Q Q 28002 Nickel-tot AA-Solvent extract (MIBK) OF Q Q Q Q 07110 Nitrate + NO, Automated Cok>urimetric OF Q 0 Q Q 06521 Oil and Grease Pet. Ether Extraction A A A A 08102 Oxygen-diss Meter OF Q Q Q 0 15406 Phosphorus-tot Colourimetry OF Q Q Q Q 19103 Potassium Flame Photometry OF Q • Q Q Q 34005 Selenium-Ext Hydride Generation A A A A 11103 Sodium Flame Photometry OF Q Q Q 0 16306 Sulphate Cokiurimetry OF Q Q Q Q 10451 TDS Gravimetric OF 0 Q Q 0 02061 Temperature Thermometer OF Q Q Q O 23004 Vanadium-tot AA-Direct A A A A 30005 Zinc-tot AA-Solveni extract (MIBK) A A A A 10301 PH Electrometric W Q Q Q Q * Computer storage and retrieval system - Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety. Symbols: W - Weekly during overflow; OF - Once during each period of overflow greater than 2 weeks' duration; Q - Quarteriy; A - Annually in tfie fall; AA - Atomic absorption; Pol - Potentiometric; NFR - Nonfilterable residue; NFRF - Nonfilterable residue, fixed; ICAP - Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma; AA - Solvent Extract (MIBK) - Sample digested with HNO, and extracted with methyl isobutyl ketone; A2-8 PARAMETERS (Continued) Responsible Agency: Environment Canada NAQUADAT- Parameter Analytical Method Sampling Frequency Code Station No. 6 10151 Alkalinity-phenolphthalein Potentiometric Titration BM 10111 Alkalinity-total Potentiometric Titration BM 13102 Aluminum-dissolved AA-Direct BM 13302 Aluminum-extracted AA-Direct BM 07570 Ammonia-free Calculated BM 07540 Ammonia- total Automated Colourlmetric BM 33108 Arsenic-dissolved ICAP-hydride BM 56001 Barium-total AA-Direct BM 06201 Bicarbonates Calculated BM 05211 Boron-dissolved ICAP BM 96360 Bromoxynll Gas Chromatography BM 48002 Cadmium-total AA Solvent Extraction BM 20103 Calcium AA-Direct BM 06104 Cartxsn-dlssolved organic Automated IR Detection BM 06901 Cartjon-particulate Elemental Analyzer BM 06002 Cartxsn-total organic Calculated BM 06301 Cartxj nates Calculated BM 17206 Chloride Automated Colourlmetric BM 06717 Chlorophyll a Spectrophotometric BM 24003 Chromium-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 27002 Cobalt-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 36012 Coliform-fecal Membrane Filtration BM 36002 Coliform-total Membrane Filtration BM 02021 Colour Comparator BM 02041 Conductivity Wheatstone Bride BM 29005 Copper-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 06610 Cyanide Automated UV-Colourimetric BM 09117 Fluoride-dissolved Electrometric BM 06401 Free Carbon Dioxide Calculated BM 10602 Hardness Calculated BM 17811 Hexachlorobenzene Gas Chromatography BM 08501 Hydroxide Calculated BM 26104 Iron-dissolved AA-Direct BM 82002 Lead- total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 12102 Magnesium AA-Direct BM 25104 Mangan ese-d issolved AA-Dirflct BM 80011 Mercury-total Flameless AA BM 07901 N-particulate Elemental Analyzer BM 07651 N-total dissolved Automated UV Colourlmetric BM 10401 NFR Gravimetric BM 28002 Nickel-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM- 07110 Nitrate/Nitrite Colourlmetric BM 07603 Nitrogen-total Calculated BM 10650 Non-Carbonate Hardness Calculated BM 18XXX Organo Chlorines Gas Chromatography BM 08101 Oxygen-dissolved Winkler BM 15901 P-particulate Calculated BM 15465 P-total dissolved Automated Colourlmetric BM 185XX Phenoxy Herbicides Gas Chromatography BM 15423 Phosphorus-total Colourlmetric (TRAACS) BM 19103 Potassium Flame Emission BM 11250 Percent Sodium Calculated BM 00210 Saturation Index Calculated BM 34108 Selenium-dissolved ICAP-hydride BM 14108 Silica Automated Colourlmetric BM 11103 Sodium Flame Emission BM 00211 Stability Index Calculated BM 16306 Sulphate Automated Colourlmetric BM 00201 TDS Calculated BM 02061 Temperature Digital Thermometer BM 02073 Turbidity Nephelometry BM 23002 Vanadium-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 30005 Zinc-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 10301 pH Electrometric BM 92111 Uranium Fluometric MC ' - Computer Storage end Ratriaval System •• Environment Canada AA - Atomic Absorption IR - Infrared NFR - Nonfilterable Residue MC - Monthly Composite ICAP - Induaively Coupled Argon Plasma UV - Ultraviolet BM - Bimonthly (Alternate months sampled by U.S.G.S.) A2- 9 Jkk ENVIRONMENT SASKATCHEWAN ■ ENVIRONMENT CANADA A SCALE SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS (CANADA) A2- 10 GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING SAMPLING LOCATIONS Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety STATION DESCRIPTION || Map SPC Tip of Screen Location No. Piezometer No. Elevation (m) Material 8a C726A" 746.338 unoxidized till at C762C" 752.739 oxidized till 8a C726E" 738.725 Empress gravel Oa C728A" 753.405 oxidized till unoxidized till 9a C728B" 743.265 9a C728C" 747.645 mottled till 8a C7280" 752.305 oxidized till 9a C728E" 739.912 Empress gravel 2a C712B 746.112 intra till sands 2b C718" 748.385 mottled till 2c C719" 747.715 oxidized till 22 C533" 740.441 Empress gravel 23 C534" 753.449 oxidized till 18 C741" 735.153 Empress gravel 21 C742" 741.800 Empress gravel 24 C714A" 745.333 unoxidized till 2S C714D" 750.459 oxidized till 28 C714E" 738.230 Empress gravel 27 C774B" 749.370 oxidized till 28 C775A" 753.320 oxidized till 29 C775D" 740.190 Empress gravel 2a C712A - unoxidized till 2a C712C -■ mottled till 2a C712D - oxidized till 2a C766 - ino'a till sands 2a C767 - intra till sands 7* C729A" - unoxidized till 7a C729B" - mottied till 7a C729D" - oxidized till fl 7a C729E" - Empress gravel ea C763A" - mottied till aa C763B" - oxidized till «a C763D" - unoxidized till Empress gravel 8a C763E" - 10 C749" - mottied till 7 C655A" - unoxidized till 3 C713" - oxidized till 4 C714C" - oxidized till 5 C715" - oxidized till 1 C716" - oxidized till 13 C745" - oxidized till 21 C753" - oxidized till 28 C755B** - oxidized till 4 C776A" _ oxidized till 4 C776B" - oxidized till S C758" intra till sands C8S3A C653A" - unoxidized till 4 C757" - unoxidized till 27 C774C" - unoxidized till a C775C" - unoxidized till 24 C7S0" - unoxidized till 23 . C751" - unoxidized till 22 C752" _ unoxidized till 1 C731" - Empress gravel C739 C739" - Empress gravel 27 C774D" - Empress gravel 28 C77SD" - Empress grave) 23 C732" - Empress gravel 22 C733" - Empress gravel 24 C734" - Empress gravel CS31 C531" - Oxidized till C520 C529" - Empress gravel CS30 C530" - Empress gravel CS32 C532" - Empress gravel CS38 C538" - Empress gravel Analyze annually for all Parameters on A2-12 (except conductivity and water level) •- Information not available A2- 11 PARAMETERS Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety ESQUADAT* Parameter Analytical Method Sampling Frequency Code Station No.: Piezometers 10101 Alkalinity-tot Pot-Titration A 13105 Aluminum- Diss AA-Direct 3" 33104 Arsanic-Diss Flameless AA A 56104 Barium-Diss AA-Direct A 06201 Bi carbonates Calculated A 05106 Boron-Diss Colourimetry 3" 48102 Cadmium-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) A 20103 Calcium-DIss AA-Direct A 06301 Cart>onates Calculated A 17203 Chloride-Diss Colourimetry A 24104 Ohromium-Diss AA-Direct A 27102 Cobalt-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) A 02011 Colour Comparator A 02041 Conductivity Conductivity Meter 4" 29105 Copper-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) A 09103 Fluoride-Diss Specific Ion Electrode A 26104 Iron-Diss AA-Direct A 82103 Lead-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) A 12102 Magnesium-Diss AA-Direct A 25104 Manganese- Diss AA-Direct A 80111 Mercury- Diss Flameless AA A 42102 MoiytxJenum-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (N-Butyl acetate) A 10301 pH Electrometric 3" 19103 Potassium-Diss Flame Photometry A 34105 Selenium-Diss Hydride generation A 14102 Silica-Diss Colourimetiy A 11103 Sodium-Diss Flame Photometry A 38101 Strontium-Diss AA-Direct 3" 16306 Sulphate-Diss Colourimetry' 3" 10451 TDS Gravimetric 3" 92111 Uranium-Diss Fluorometry 3" 23104 Vanadium-Diss AA-Direct A 97025 Water Level 4 30105 Zinc-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) • No zinc or iron for Piezometers C531 to C538. SYMBOLS: AA - Atomic absorption * Computer storage and retiieval system A - Annually - Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 3 - 3 times/year ** Analyze annually for these Piezometers Nos. AA - Solvent Extract (MIBK) - sample acidified and extracted with Methyl Isobutyl Ketone. A2- 12 GROUND WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety Measurement Frequency: Quarterly Piezometer Number Location Tip Of Screen Elevation (m) Perforation Zone (depth in metres) 52 NW 14-1-27 W3 738.43 43 - 49 (in coal) 506A SW 4-1-27 W3 748.27 81-82 (in coal) 507 SW 6-1-26 W3 725.27 34 - 35 (in coal) 509 NW 11-1-27 W3 725.82 76 - 77 (in coal) 510 NW 1-1-28 W3 769.34 28 - 29 (in layered coal and clay) A2- 13 0 5 10 15 Km GROUNDWATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING A2- 14 GROUNDWATER PIEZOMETER LEVEL MONITORING -- ASH LAGOON AREA Schedule A -- Piezometers in Til! Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety STATION PIEZOMETER NO. FREQUENCY OF MEASUREMENT la C716 All piezometer levels lb 1e C717 C711 are measured quarterly. 1 C765 2a, C712A 2a, C712B 2*. C712C 2a. C712D 2b C718 2c C719 3a C713 3b C720 3c C721 4 C714B 4 C722 4 C723 5 C724 5 C725 6a, C763A 6a. C763B Hi C763C 684 C763D 6b C765B 6b C765C 6b C765D 6b C765E 6c C767B 7a, C729A 7a, C729B 7-, C729C 7a, C729D 7 C655B C534 C534 C528 C528 C654 C654 8a, C730A 8b, C727A 8b, C727B «^ C727C 8c, C726A 8c C726B 8c, C726C 8d C748 9a, C764A 9a, C764B »% C764C 9«U C764D 9b, C728A », C728B 9b, C728C 9b, C728D 11 C747 15 C746 28 C768C 28 C768D 28 C768E ---- --- ■ A2- 15 R.27 LEGEND: n SINGLE PIEZOMETER IN TILL B NESTED PIEZOMETER IN TILL 5 SITE NUMBER /N\ SCALE 500 1000 METRES 10 MILE 0.5 U.S.A. PIEZOMETER INSTALLATION SITES-SCHEDULE "A" PIEZOMETERS IN TILL A2- 16 GROUNDWATER PIEZOMETER LEVEL MONITORING ASH LAGOON AREA AND INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AREA Schedule B - Piezometers in Empress Gravel Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety STATION PIEZOMETER NO. FREQUENCY OF MEASUREMENT IMMEDIATE ASH LAGOON AREA 1 C731 All piezometers are nrwnitored 6a C763E quarterly 6b C765A C529 C529 C530 C530 C532 C532 C533 C533 C538 0538 8 C730E 9 0728 E 9 C764E 6b C765A 4 C766A 6c C767A 28 C768A C535 0535 1 0536 C537 C537 3 C542 WEST OF ASH LAGOON AREA 11 0743 All piezometers are monitored 14 C740 quarterly 16 0756 12 0737 SOUTH OF ASH LAGOON AREA C525 0525 All piezometers are monitored C526 0526 quarterly C527 0527 C539 0539 C540 C540 18 0741 20* 0736 21 0742 22 0733 23 0732 24 0734 14 C740 11 0743 16 C756 inactive as of 1989 A2- 17 r T.I R.27 LEGEND: PIEZOMETERS EMPRESS GR« A PIEZOMETERS IN MERT SEAM 5 SITE NUMBER A SCALE 1000 METRES 5 1.0 MILE U.S.A. PIEZOMETER INSTALLATION SITES-SCHEDULE "B" PIEZOMETERS IN EMPRESS GRAVEL A2- 18 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety NO. ON MAP LOCATION PARAMETERS REPORTING FREQUENCY 1 Coronach (Discontinued) Sulphur Dioxide Continuous monitoring with hourly averages as summary statistics. Wind speed and direction Continuous monitoring with hourly averages as summary statistics. Total Suspended Particulate 24-hour samples on a 6-day cycle, corresponding to the National Air Pollution Surveillance Sampling Schedule. 2 International Boundary * Sulphur Dioxide Continuous monitoring with hourly averages as summary statistics. Total Suspended Particulate 24-hour samples on 6-day cycle, corresponding to the National Air Pollution Surveillance Sampling Schedule. METHODS Sulphur Dioxide Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety Colourimetric Titration, Pulsed Fluorescence Total Suspended Particulate Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety High Volume Method * This station operated by SaskPower. A2- 19 0 5 10 15 Km AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING (CANADA) A2-20 SOURCE EMISSION MONITORING Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety No. on Map Station Location Parameters Sampling Frequency 1 At Poplar River Power Plant Sulphur Dioxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, Opacity. Continuously reported as Hourly Averages METHODS Sulphur Dioxide Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety - Ultraviolet Absorption Nitrogen Dioxide Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety - Chemiluminescence Opacity Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety - Optical A2-21 T.I R.27 /N\ SCALE 0 500 1000 METRES 0 0.5 1.0 MILE SOURCE EMISSION MONITORING U.S. A A2- 22 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 1992 UNITED STATES A2- 23 STREAMFLOW MONITORING Responsible Agency: United States Geological Survey No. on Map Station Number Station Name '• 06178000 (11AE008) Poplar River at International Boundary 2* 06178500 (11 AE003) East Poplar River at International Boundary International Gauging Station A2-24 SCALE 0 5 10 15 Km HYDROMETRIC GAUGING STATIONS (UNITED STATES) A2-25 SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING - Station Location Responsible Agency: U.S. Geological Survey No. on Map USGS Station No. Station Name 1 06178000 Poplar River at International Boundary 2 06178500 East Poplar River at International Boundary 3 06179000 East Poplar River near Scobey PARAMETERS WATSTORE* SAMPUNG FREQUENCY NO. Coda Parameter Analytical Method 1 2 3 90410 Alkalinity - lab Elect. Titration M BM BM 01106 Aluminum - diss AE, DC Plasma SA SA SA 00610 Ammonia • tot Colorimetric M BM BM 00625 Ammonia +Org N-tot Cotorimetric M BM BM 01000 Arsenic - diss AA. hydride SA SA SA 01002 Arsenic - tot AA, hydride A A A 01010 Beryllium - diss ICP SA SA SA 01012 Beryllium - tot/rec AA - Persulfate A A A 01020 Boron - diss AE, DC Plasma M BM BM 01025 Cadmium - diss AA, GF SA SA SA 01027 Cadmium - tot/rec AA, GF - Persulfate A A A 00915 Calcium ICP M BM BM 00680 Cart>on - tot Org Wet Oxidation SA SA SA 00940 Chloride - diss Cokirimetric M BM BM 01030 Chromium - diss AE, DC Plasma SA SA SA 01034 Chromium - tot/rec AE, DC Plasma Persulfate A A A 00080 Colour Electrometric, visual M BM BM 00095 Conductivity Wheatstone Bridge M D BM 01040 Copper - diss AA, GF SA SA SA 01042 Copper - tot/rec AA, GF - Persulfate A A A 00061 Discharge - Inst Direct measurement M BM BM 00950 Fluoride Electrometric M BM BM 01046 Iron - diss AE, ICP M BM BM 01045 Iron - tot/rec AA- Persulfate A A A 01049 Lead - diss AA, GF SA SA SA 01051 Lead - tot/rec AA. GF - Persulfate A A A 00925 Magnesium - diss AA M BM BM 01056 Manganese - diss ICP SA SA SA 01 OSS Manganese - tot/rec AA- Persulfate A A A 01065 Nickel - diss AA, GF SA SA SA 01067 Nickel - tot/rec AA, GF - Persulfate A A A 00615 Nitrite - tot Colorimetric M BM BM 00630 Nitrate + NitrKe - tot Colorimetric M BM BM 00300 Oxygen-diss Winkler/meter M BM BM 70507 Phos, Ortho-tot Cotorimetric M BM BM 00400 PH Electrometric M BM BM 00665 Phosphorous - tot Cokarimetric M BM BM 00935 Potassium - diss AA M BM BM 00931 SAR Cak:ulated M BM BM 80154 Sediment - cone. Filtration-Gravimetric M BM BM 801 SS Sediment - load Cak:ulated M BM BM 01145 Selenium - diss AA. hydride SA SA SA 01147 Selenium tot AA, hydride A A A 00955 Silica ICP M BM BM 00930 Sodium ICP M BM BM 00945 Sulphate - diss Turbimetry M BM BM 70301 Total Dissolved Solids Cak:ulated M BM BM 00010 Temp Water Stem Themiometer M BM BM 00020 Temp Air Stem Themiometer M BM BM 00076 Turbidity Nephelometric M BM BM 80020 Uranium - diss Spectrometry - MC 01090 Zinc - diss ICP SA SA SA 01092 Zinc - tot/rec AA- Persulfate A A A SYMBOLS: C - continuous; D - daily; M - monthly; BM - bimonthly; MC - monthly composite; * - Computer storage and A - annually at high flow; SA - semi-annually at low and high flow; GF - graphite furnace retrieval system - USGS AA - atomic absorption; tot - total; rec - recoverable; diss - dissolved; AE ■ atomic absorption; DC - direct current; ICP - inductively coupled plasma; A2- 26 0 5 10 15 Km 1 0 5 10 Miles SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS (UNITED STATES) A2- 27 GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING - Station Locations Responsible Agency: Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology Map Well Total Depth (a) Casing Aquifer Perforation Number Location (m) Diameter (cm) Zone (m) 2 37N47E17DABB 79 3.8 PVC Hart Coal 76-79 3 37N47E23AADD 36 3.8 PVC Hart Coal 33-36 4 37N48E23BBCC 104 3.8 PVC Fox Hiys - Hell Creek 102-104 5* 37N47E1ABBB1 16 10.2 PVC Alluvium 10-15 6" 37N47E1ABBB2 25 10.2 PVC Hart Coal 19-25 7* 37N47E12BBBB 14 10.2 PVC Hart Coal 39-45 8" 37N47E13AADD C3 10.2 PVC Alluvium 10-13 9- 37N47E13ADAA01 13 10.2 PVC Fort Union 16-62 10* 37r448E5BAB6 «7 10.2 PVC Alluvium-Coal 7-13 11* 37N48E5AAAA 28 15.2 STEEL Fox Hills - Hell Creek 65-67 12 37N47ESoc11 DDDD 62^ 5.08 Hart Coal 15-18 13 37N47ES«c 3 CCCC 82.6 10.2 Hart Coal 56-59 14 37N47ES«; 4 BBAB 80 10.2 Hart Coal 75-78 15* 37t447E S«c 3 BBAA 26 10.2 Hart Coal 83-86 16* 37N46ES«c 3 ABAB 88 10.2 Fort Union 24-25 17 37N47ESec16DD00 80 10.6 Hart Coal 80-83 18 37N46E S«; 1 BBBA 88 10.2 Hart Coal 80-82 19* 37m7ESec15AAAB 22 10.2 Hart Coal 54-56 20 37N47E S^ 24 CCCC 106 5.08 Hart Coal 19-22 21 37N47E S«c 6 DBAA 21 10.2 Hart Coal 100-103 22 37N47ES«c 9 CBCC 10.2 Fort Union 18-21 Parameters Storet ** Parameter Analytical Method Sampling Frequency Station No. Code 00440 Bi carbonates Electrometric Titration Sample collection is annually for 01020 Boron-diss Emission Plasma, ICP all locations identified above. 00915 Calcium Emission Plasma 00445 Cartx)nates Electrometric Titration The analytical method descriptions 00940 Chloride Ion Chromatography are those of the Montana Bureau of 00095 Conductivity Wheatstone Bridge Mines and Geology Laboratory where 01040 Copper-diss Emission Plasma, ICP the samples are analyzed. 00950 Fluoride Ion Chromatography 01046 Irondiss Emission Plasma, ICP 01049 Lead-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 01130 Lithium-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 00925 Magnesium Emission Plasma, ICP 01056 Manganese-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 01060 Molytxdenum Emission Plasma, ICP 00630 Nitrate Ion Chromatography 00400 PH Electrometric 00935 Potassium Emission Plasma, ICP 01145 Selenium-diss AA 00955 Silica Emission Plasma, ICP 00930 Sodium Emission Plasma, ICP 01080 Strontium-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 00445 Sulphate Ion Chromatography 00190 Zinc-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 70301 TDS Calculated Inactive as of 1989 SYMBOLS: AA - Atomic Absorption; Computer storage and retrieval system - USGS ICP - Inductively Coupled Plasma Unit A2- 28 "^ GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING (UNITED STATES) A2- 29 GROUND WATER LEVELS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING Responsible Agency: Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology No. on Map Sampling | 2 to 22 Determine water levels quarterly | A2-30 15 Km 10 Miles GROUNDWATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING A2- 31 ANNEX 3 REPORTS REVIEWED DURING 1991 BY THE POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE A3- 1 REPORTS REVIEWED DURING 1991 BY THE POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE Collerson, K.D., D.J. Gregor, D. McNaughton and A.S. Baweja, 1991, Effect of Coal Dewatering and Coal use on the Water Quality of the East Poplar River, Saskatchewan: A Literature Review, Regina, Saskatchewan, Inland Waters Directorate, Scientific Series No. 177, 58 pp. Integrated Environments Ltd., March 31 , 1991 , The use of the Tydac SPANS GIS in the assessment and review of pesticide residues detected in surface waters of the Prairie Provinces and the Northwest Territories, Calgary Alberta, 138 pp. Phillips, Glenn R., Patricia A. Medvick, Donald R. Skaar and Denise E. Knight, 1987, Factors affecting the mobilization, transport and bioavailability of mercury in reservoirs of the Upper Missouri River Basin, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Technical Report 10, 64 pp. A3 -2 ANNEX 4 RECOMMENDED FLOW APPORTIONMENT IN THE POPLAR RIVER BASIN BY THE INTERNATIONAL SOURIS-RED RIVERS ENGINEERING BOARD, POPLAR RIVER TASK FORCE (1976) A4- 1 * RECOMMENDED FLOW APPORTIONMENT IN THE POPLAR RIVER BASIN The aggregate natural flow of all streams and tributaries in the Poplar River Basin crossing the International Boundary shall be divided equally between Canada and the United States subject to the following conditions: 1 . The total natural flow of the West Fork Poplar River and all its tributaries crossing the International Boundary shall be divided equally between Canada and the United States but the flow at the International Boundary in each tributary shall not be depleted by more than 60 percent of its natural flow. 2. The total natural flow of all remaining streams and tributaries in the Poplar River Basin crossing the International Boundary shall be divided equally between Canada and the United States. Specific conditions of this division are as follows: (a) Canada shall deliver to the United States a minimum of 60 percent of the natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River at the International Boundary, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek and Middle Fork. (b) The delivery of water from Canada to the United States on the East Poplar River shall be determined on or about the first day of June of each year as follows: (I) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period does not exceed 4,690 cubic decameters (3,800 acre-feet), then a continuous minimum flow of 0.028 cubic metres per second (1 .0 cubic feet per second.) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary throughout the succeeding 12 month period commencing June 1st. In addition, a volume of 370 cubic decameters (300 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at any time during the 12 month period commencing June 1st. (ii) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period is greater than 4,690 cubic decameters (3,800 acre-feet), but does not exceed * Canada-United States, 1976, Joint studies for flow apportionment. Poplar River Basin, Montana-Saskatchewan: Main Report, International Souris- Red Rivers Board, Poplar River Task Force, 43 pp. A4- 2 9,250 cubic decameters (7,500 acre-feet), then a continuous minimum flow of 0.057 cubic metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary during the succeeding period June 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.028 cubic metres per second (1.0 cubic feet per second) shall then be maintained from September 1st through to May 31st of the following year. In addition, a volume of 617 cubic decameters (500 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at any time during the 12-month period commencing June 1st. (iii) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fori< Poplar River, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the immediately preceding March 1 st to May 31 st period is greater than 9,250 cubic decameters (7,500 acre-feet), but does not exceed 14,800 cubic decameters (12,000 acre- feet), then a continuous minimum flow of 0.085 cubic metres per second (3.0 cubic feet per second) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary during the succeeding period June 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.057 cubic metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall then be maintained from September 1 st through to May 31 st of the following year. In addition, a volume of 617 cubic decameters (500 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at any time during the 12 month period commencing June 1st. (iv) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period exceeds 14,800 cubic decameters (12,000 acres- feet) then a continuous minimum flow of 0.085 cubic metres per second (3.0 cubic feet per second) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary during the succeeding period June 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.057 cubic metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall then be maintained from September 1 st through to May 31 st of the following year. In addition, a volume of 1 ,230 cubic decameters (1 ,000 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at any time during the 12-month period commencing June 1st. (c) The natural flow at the International Boundary in each of the remaining individual tributaries shall not be depleted by more than 60 percent of its natural flow. The natural flow and division periods for apportionment purposes shall be determined, unless othenwise specified, for periods of time commensurate with the uses and requirements of both countries. A4- 3 ANNEX 5 LEACHATE REVIEW A5- 1 A5-2 i^ A5-3 A5 - 4 A5- 5 GO [Y A5-6 n A5-7 / / A5 - 8 < <] i/i A5- 10 CO CL -1 Li_ Q^ LU -J ct: UJ *~* ~^ > > ^ c^ □ U Sy^\ Q- Qi L.I 1— > X S 5 > □ M LJ Qi O qH <: Z _i r) CL □ a Qi c LD 00 LxJ C/0 LiJ A5- 18 A5- 19 ANNEX 6 METRIC CONVERSIONS A6- 1 METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS ac - 4,047 m^ - 0.04047 ha ac-ft - 1,233.5 m' -1.2335 dam' ' C - 5/9(F''-32) cm - 0.3937 in. cm* - 0.155 in^ dam' - 1,000 m'- 0.8107 ac-ft If - 28.3171 X 10'm' ha - 10.000 m'- 2.471 ac hm - 100 m -328.08 ft hm* - 1x10*m' l.gpm - 0.0758 Us in - 2.54 cm kg - 2.20462 lb - 1.1 X 10' tons km - 0.62137 miles km* - 0.3861 mf* L - 0.3532 ft' -0.21997 I. gal -0.26420 U.S. gal Us m 0.035 cfs- 13.193 l.gpm = 15.848 U.S. gpm m - 3.2808 ftm^ = 1 0.7636 ft^ m* - 1,000 L- 35.3144 ft' -219.97 I. gal- 264.2 U.S. gal m'/8 - 35.314 cfs mm - 0.00328 ft tonne - 1,000 kg - 1.1023 ton (short) U.S. gpm . 0.0631 L/s For Air Samples ppm - 100 pphm - 1000 x (Molecular Weight of substance/24.45) mg/m' A6-2