ii 'lifii J HP f/Cbiwi^^f^^- (X - NTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION ?; APPENDIX CATALOGUE Ms OSCAR DICKSON'S SWEDISH COLLECTION EDINBURGH 1882 rOCKHOLM, PRINTED BY CENT RAL-TRYCK ERIET i8Sa •0-i^ ; IKTERMTIOML FISHE^^ES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, 1882. APPENDIX CATALOGUE M! OSCAR DICKSON'S SWEDISH CCILLECTION. STOCKHOLM PRINTED BY C E N T R A L - T R Y C K F. R I E T 1882. INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, COLLECTIONS FROM THE VEGA EXPEDITION, EXHIBITED BY PROFESSOR, BARON A. E. NORDENSKIOLD. A. THE MOST COMMON OR CHARACTERISTIC INVERTEBRATED ANIMALS OF THE ARCTIC SEA OF SIBERIA. (COLLECTED BY D:R A. STUXBERG OF THE VEGA EXPEDITION). Crustacea. Chionoecetes opilio Kr. 62° 39' N, 177=' 5' W, 55 f., clay, 'V, 79- Hyas aranea (LiN.). 67° 5' N, 173° 24' W, 10—18 f., sand & stones, 1879. Hyas aranea (LiN). 67° 7' N, 173° 24' W, 12 f., sand & stones, '7, 79. Pagurus pubescens Kr. 67° 7' N, 173° 24' W, 12 f., sand & stones, '7, 79- Hippolyte Gaimardi M.-Ed\V. 67° 5' N, 173° 24' W, 15 f., stones & clay, '7^ 79- Mysis oculata (Fai;R.). 6-j° 5' N, 173° 24' \V, 4—5 f., sand, '7, 79- Diastylis Rathkei (Kr.). 68° 55' N, 180° 35' E, 3—6 f., stones, "1^ 78. Diastylis picta Stbrg. 6& 10' N, 169° 45' W, 24 f., sand, -7; 79- Munnopsis typica M. S.\RS. 76^ 52' N, 116° E, 36 f., mud, "-''l^ 78. Idothea entomon (LiN.). 73° 53' N, 134° 25' E, 9 f., clay, '■'7, 78. Idothea entomon (LlX.). ■jy' 2' N, 142° 36' E, 9 f., mud, '7^ 78. Idothea entomon (Lix.). 70° 14' N, 170° 17' E, 12 f., clay, °— 7,j 78. Idothea entomon (LiN.). 68° 55' N, 180° 35' E, 3 — 6 f., stones, "i^ 78. Idothea bicuspida OWEN. Yugor char, 5 — 8 f., mud & stones, '7, 78. Idothea nodulosa Kr. Yugor char, 5 — 8 f., clay & stones, '7: 78- Anonyx lagena Kr. 69° 22' N, 177° 28' E, 12 f., sand, '-7g 78. Onesimus litoralis Kr. •]-]° 36' N, 103° 25' E, 5 — 10 f., clay & stones, "/j 78. Acanthostephia Malmgreni (GOES). 6-/° 5' N, 173° 24' W, 12 f., stones & sand, •Vj 79. At)-lus carinatus (Fabr.). "1° 2' N, 142° 36' E, 9 f., mud, ^7s 7'^- Atylus Smitti (Goe-S). 66° 25' N, 170° 35' E, 25 f., sand, '7, 79- Gammaracanthus loricatus (Sab.). 76° 18' N, 95° 30' E, 5 — 10 f., stones & algje, '73 78. Gammarus locusta (LiN.). 6j° 5' N, 173° 24' W', o — i f., sand, June 79. Acanthozone cuspidata (Lepech.). 'j6'' 52' N, 116° E, 6 f., mud, '"/g 78. Tritropis aculeata (LEPECH.). 6j° 5' N, 173° 24' \V, 10 — 14 f., sand & stones, 7, 79- Stegocephalus ampulla (Phipps). 67° 5' N, 173° 24' W, 10 — 14 f., sand & stones, 7, 79. Stegocephalus Kessleri Stbrg. 66° 58' N, 171° 35' W, 21 f., sand, '7^ 79. Aegina echinata Bk. 75° N, 113° 30' E, 15 f., stones & clay, "7, 78. Balanus sp. Bering Island, 5 — 10 f., stones & algae, '7, 79- Balanus sp. 6'^° 55' N, 180° 35' E, 3 — 6 f., stones, '79 78. INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, Pvcn o sr on i da. ). ■^e' 52' N, 116° E, 36 f., clay, "/, 78. )• 75° N, 113° 30' E, 15 f., clay & stones, "/, 78. ). 71° 3' N, 61° 46' E, 70 f., clay, % 78. )• 75° N, 113° 30' E, 15 f., clay & stones, "/, 78. ). ^d^ 18' N, 92° 2o' E, 40 f., clay & stones, "7, 78. '-). 71,° 21' N, 64= 53' E, 60 f., mud, 7, 78. ). ■/■/° 40' N, 105^ 10' E, 70 f., clay, ^7, 1^- Colossendeis proboscidea? (Sab.). 76° 18' N, 92° 20' E, 40 f., clay & stones, ( ). 76° 18' N, 95° 30' E, 5 — 10 f., stones, '7„ 78. ( ). Yugor char, 5 — 8 f., mud & stones, '7; 7^- ( ). 76° 52' N, 116° E. 36 f., clay, -7, 78. ( ). ir 15' N. >>i° 45' E, 22 f., clay, =7, 78. ( ). 76° 18' N, 95° 30' E, 5 — 10 f., stones, '7» 78- Annelida and Gephyrea. (Annelid). 69° 32' N, 177° 41' E, 12 f., sand & clay, 7._, 78. (Annelid). Bering Island, o— i f., rock, '7', 79- (Gephyrean). 76° 40' X, 115=" 30' E, 35 f., clay, '7, 78- (Gephyrean). 76° 40' N, m5° 30' E, 35 f, clay, '7, 78. (Gephyrean). 76° 40' N, 115=' 30' E, 35 f., clay, '7, 78- (Gephyrean). 75^ X, 113° 30' E, 15 f., stones & clay, ■*7 78. Bryozoa. 49. ( ). 64° 52' X, 172° 3' W, 18 f., clay, -7, 79. 50. Alcyonidium sp. ■jy' 25' X, 144° 20' E, 8 f., mud, ^7, 78- 51. Alcyonidium disciforme Smitt. 67° 53' X, 176^ 6' \V, 5 f., sand, "■j 78. 52. Alcyonidium sp. 75° X, 113° 30' E, 15 f., stones & clay, "7, 78. 53. Alcyonidium sp. 65° 34' X, 168^ 37' W, 30 f., sand, ''^j^ 79. 54- ( )• 73° 5' X, 144° 20' E, 8 f., mud, "7, 78. 55. F"lustra sp. 75° X, 113= 30' E, 15 f., stones & clay, -79 78. 56. Flustra sp. 75° X, 113° 30' E, 15 f., stones & clay, "7, 78. 57. Flustra sp. 75° X, 113° 30' E, 15 f, stones & clay, -^J^ 78. 58. Flustra sp. 65° 34' X, 168° 37' \V, 30 f., sand, '7; 79- 59. Flustra sp. 65= 34' X, 168° i-]' \V, 30 f., sand, "j. 79. 60. FkLstra sp. 72^ 5' X, 66° 10' E, 85 f., mud, 7, 78- 61. ( ). S:t Lawrence Island, I — 4 f., sand, 7s 79- 62. ( ). 69° 32' X, 177° 41' E, 12 f., sand & clay, 7o 78- 63- ( ). 65° 34' X, 168° 37' W, 30 f., sand, "7; 79- 64. ( ). 69° 32' X, 177° 41' E, 12 f., sand & clay, 73 1^- INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, Tu ni c ata. 64° 52' N, 172° 3' W, 1 8 f., clay, '7, 79. 66° 10' N, 169° 45' W, 24 f., sa'nd, "/, 79. 65° 10' N, 169° 50' W, 25 f., mud, "/, 79. 68° 12' N, 176° 32' W, 6 f., sand, "/, 78. 68° 55' N, 180° 35' E, 3—6 f, stones, 'V, 78. 67° 53' N, 176° 6' W, 5 f., sand, "/, 78. 6]° 7' N, 173° 24' W, 12 f., sand & stones, '77 79- 74° 52' N, 85° 8' E, 24 f,, sand, 'V, 78. ■]l° 30' N, 80° 58' E, 4—5 f., mud, 7^ 78. 74° 52' N, 85° 8' E, 24 f., sand, 'V, 78. ^T 53' ^. 176= 6' W, 5 f., sand, "7, 78. 69° 26' N, 177° 30' E, 10 f., sand & stones, 'Vg 78- Chelyosoma sp. 68° 55' N, 180° 35' E, 3 — 6 f., stones, '7;, 78- Chelj'osoma sp. 67° 7' N, 173° 24' W, 10 — 14 f., sand & stones, 7, 79- Chelyosoma sp. 67° 7' N, 173° 24' \V, 15 f., stones & clay, '76 79- M o 1 1 u s c a. 80 a. (Cepha opod). ; 5° N. 113° 30' E, 15 f., stones & clay, '7» 78. 80 b. (Cepha opod). 75° N, 113° 30' E, 15 f., stones & clay, '78 78. 80 Fusus sp. 62° 39' N, 177° 5' W, 55 f., cla>-, 7, 79. 81 Fusus sp. 66° 58' N, 171° 35' W, 2 f., sand, '7: 79- 82 Fusus sp. with affi xed Hyd roids. 62° 39 N, 177° 5' W, 55 f- cla\ J'. 77° 5' W, 55 f-, clay, =/, 79 87 ) 6'>° 39' N, 77' 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79 88 \ g-,0 39' N, 77° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79 89 ) 6''° 39' N, 77° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79 90 ) 62° 39' N, 77° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7g 79 91 ) 6-'° 39' N, 77° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79 92 ) 6^° 39' N, 77° 5' W, 55 f, clay, 7, 79 93 ) 6''° 39' N, 77° 5' W, 55 f., clay, % 78 94 ) 6''° 39' N, 77° 5' W. 55 f., clay, 7, 79 95 ) 6'>° 39' N, 77° 5' W. 55 f., clay, 7, 79 96 ) 6^° 39' N, 77° 5',W, 55 f- clay, 7, 79 97 ) 6''° 39' N, 77° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 78 79 98 ) 6'"° 39' N, 77° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79 99 ) 6''° 39' >J. 77° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79 too ) 6''° 39' N, 77° 5' W, 55 ~> 6%° 12' X, 74° 45' \^ , 45 f., clay, 7, 79. ) 6'>° 39' N, 177° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79. 103 — ). S;t Lawrenc e Island, I —4 f., stones & sa »d, 7, 79- - 5 — I04. 105. io6. 107. p 108. 109. IXTERN'ATIONAI. FISHERIES EXHIBITION'. EDINBURGH, 1882 ). 6f 7' N, 173= 24' \V, 4—5 f., sand, "/, 79. )■ 67° 53' N, 176^ 6' \V, 4—6 f., sand, -7, 78. ). Bering Island, o — 1 f., stones & algse, '"/, 79- Patella sp. Bering Island, o — I f, stones & algas, '7, 79- ). Port Clarence, 4—6 f, stones & sand, '7? 79- ). Port Clarence, 4 — 6 f., stones & sand, '7; 79- 1 10. Purpura sp. Bering Island, O — I f., stones & algre, '7, 79- 111. Purpura sp. & other Gasteropoda. Bering Island, O — I f., stones & algae, '7« 79- 112. Margarita sp. 62^ 39' X, 177^ 5' \V, 55 f., cla\-, 7. 79' 113. Amauropsis helicoides & other Gasteropoda. 66^ 58' X, 171^ 35' W, 21 f., sand, '7- 79- 114- ( )■ ^1° 53' X, 176^ 6' W, 5 f., sand, 'V„ 78. 115. ( ). Bering Island, o— I f., stones & alga;, '7, 79- 116. Mxtilus sp. Bering Island, o — i f., stones & alg.x-, '7, 79- 117. Mytilus sp. (? edulis Ll.v.). Port Clarence, 4 — 6 f., stones & sand, "V, 79- 118. Mytilus sp. (r edulis LiN.). Port Clarence. 4—6 f., stones & sand, '7; 79- 119. Modiolaria sp. 76° 18' X, 95^ 30' E, 5 — 10 f., stones, '79 1^- 120. Modiolaria sp. 76=" 1 8' X, 95° 30' E, 5 — 10 f., stones, 'V, 78. Axinus flexuosus MoNT. I 121. ,.,.,. 70^ 14' X, 170^ 17' E, 12 f., loam & stones, 7,. 78. Modiolaria sp. j / -r / / /» / 122. Pecten gronlandicus Sow. ~6^ 52' X, 116^ E, 36 f., clay, "7,, 78. 123. Pecten Hoskynsi P'OUBES. 55^ 24' X 165= 37' E, 75 f., sand, '7, 79. 124. Astarte spp. -jS"^ 18' X, 95^ 30' E, 5— 10 f., stones, "/j 78. 125. Astarte spp. 69° 26 X, 177^ 30' E. 10 f., sand & stones, '73 78. 126. Astarte spp. 76^ i8' X, 95° 30' E, 5 — 10 f, stones & algje, '7, 78. 127. Cyprina islandica LiN. 66^ 10' X, 169'' 45' \V, 24 f, sand, °7; 79- 128. ( ). Bering Island, o— i f., stones & algre, '7, 79- 129. Voldia arctica Gr.W. 76= 18' X, 95= 30' E, 5 — 10 f., stones, '7, 78- 130. Voldia arctica Grav. ■jy' 28' X, 68^ 32' E, 10 f., sand, 7» 78- 131. Voldia arctica Gr.\Y. 70° 14' X, 170^ 17' E, 12 f., loam & stones, 7, 78- 132. Xucula expansa Reeve. 70° 14' X, 170° 17' li, 12 f., loam & stones, 7s. 78- 133. Xucula expansa Reeve. 70^ 14' X, 170= 17' E, 12 f, loam & stones, 79 78. 134. Area sp. 70^ 14' X, 170° 17' E, 12 f., loam & stones, 7a 78- 135. Area sp. 70° 14' X, 170° 17' PI, 12 f., loam & stones, 79 78- 136. Conchifera spp. 62" 39' X, 177^ 5' \V, 55 f., clay, 7, 79- 137. Tellina solidula Pt'LT. 67° 7' X, 173= 24' W, 4 — 5 f., sand, '7; 79- 138. Tellina solidula PfLT. 67° 53' X, 176° 6' W, 5 f., sand, '7; 78. 139. Tellina solidula Pui.T. 68= 55' X, 180= 35' E, 3—6 f., stones, '7, 78. 140. Tellina solidula PuLT. 6-;° 53' X, 176= 6' W, 4—6 f., sand, "/„ 78. 141. Conchifera spp. 73° 28' X, 68° 32' E, 10 f., sand, 7, 78. 142. ( ). 76° 18' X, 95=^ 30' E, 5—10 f., stones, '7, 78. Ech i n o der 111 a t a. 143- Chiridota Isvis (Fabr.). 67° 7' X, 173° 24' \V, 9—10 f., stones, *7^ 79. 144. (Holothurian). Bering Island, o— I f., stones, '7^ 79. 145. Molpadia borealis ls\. Saks. 76° 52' X, 116° E, 36 f., mud, '"7 78. 146. Psolus Fabricii Duii. & KoR. 67° 7' X, 173° 24' W, 10—14 f., sand & stones, 7. 79. INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, 1882 147. Echinus sp. Bering Island, o — I f., stones & algae, 'Vs 19- 148. Echinus sp. 65° 34' N, 168° 37' W, 30 f., sand, "/, 79. 149. ( ). 64° 52' N, 172° 3' \V, 18 f., day, "/, 79. [50. Asterias sp. Vugor char, 5 — 8 f., mud & stones, "/t /S- [51. Asterias sp. Bering Island, 5 — 10 f., rock & algse, 'Vs 79- 152. Asterias sp. Bering Island, 5 — 10 f., rock & algae, '7, 79- [53. Asterias sp. 67° 53' N, 176° 6' \V, 5 f., sand, '7.., 78- 154. Asterias Lincki M. & Tr. 76° 52' N, 116° E, 36 f., nuid, "/, 78. 155. Asterias Lincki M. & Tk. 76° 58' N, 116° E, 32 f., mud, "/^ 78. [56. Asterias sp. Port Clarence, 4 — 6 f., stones & sand, "j^ 79. [57. Asterias sp. 62° 39' N, 177° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7„ 79- 158. Asterias camtschatica Braxdt. 6-/° 5' N, 173° 24' W, 9 — 15 f., sand & stones, June [59. Asterias sp. Q-j^ 5' N, 173° 24' W, 9 — 15 f., sand & stones, 1879. 160. Asterias sp. Port Clarence, 4 — 6 f., stones & sand, "7, 79- 161. Pteraster militaris MULLER. 76° 52' N, 116° E, 36 f, clay, --j^ 78. 162. Pteraster sp. 62° 39' N, 177° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79- 163. Archaster teuiispinus D. & K. 76° 18' N, 92° 20' E, 40 f., clay & stones, '7, 78. 164. Ctenodiscus crispatus (Retz.). 72° 5' N, 66° 10' E, 85 f., mud, 7, 78- 165. Ctenodiscus crispatus (Reiz.). 76° 18' N, 92° 20' P7 40 f., clay & stones, '73 78. 166. ( ). 55° 20' N, 165° 27' E, 65 f., sand, '7, 79. 167. Ophioglypha nodosa Ltk. 6-]° 7' N, 173° 24' W, 12 f., sand, "/^ 79. 168. Ophioglypha nodosa Ltk. 6-]° 7' N, 173° 24' W, 10—15 f., sand, 1879. . Ophioglypha nodosa LTK. (i-]° 53' N, 176° 6' W, 5 f., sand, "/i. 78- . Ophioglypha r robusta AVRES. 64° 52' N, 172° 3' \V, 18 f., clay, "/: 79- . Ophiacantha bibentata (Retz.). 71° 3' N, 63° 46' E, 70 f., mud, 7, 78. . Ophiocten sericeum (FoRliES). 62° 39' N, 177° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79- . Ophiocten sericeum (FoRBES). 62° 39' N, 177° 5' W, 55 f., clay, 7, 79- [74. Astronyx Loveni M. & TR. 55° 24' N, 165° 37' E, 75 f., sand, '7, 79. [75. Astrophyton eucnemis M. & Tr. 55° 24' N, 165° 37' E, 75 f., sand, '7s 79- -6. Astrophyton eucnemis M. & Tr. ■jG' 18' N, 92° 20' E, 40 f., clay & stones, '7, 78- \-]-]. Astrophyton eucnemis M. & Tr. 76° 52' N, 116° E, 36 f., clay, "/s 78- 178. Antedon Eschrichti AIULLER. 76° 18' N, 92° 20' E, 40 f., clay & stones, '7^ 78. 179- 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. 185. 186. 187. 188. 189. 190. 191. A n thoz oa. Alcyonium sp. 76° 32' N, 116° E, 36 f,, mud, "V, 78. Alcyonium sp. 69° 32' N, 177° 41' E, 12 f., mud & stones, 79 7 Alcyonium sp. 73° 53' N, 138° E, 12 f., clay, -7s 78- Alcyonium sp. ■/i° 53' N, 138° E, 12 f., clay, '7^ 78. Alcyonium sp. 65° 34' N, 168° 37' \V, 30 f., sand, ^'-'i. 79. Alcyonium sp. Port Clarence, 4—6 f., stones & sand, '7; 79- (Actinian). 67° 7' N, 173° 24' W, 9 — 15 f., mud & stones, 1879. (Actinian). 69° 32' \, 177° 41' E, 12 f., mud & stones, 7.j l"^- (Actinian). ■]i° 53' N, 138° E, 12 f., clay, '7, 78. (Actinian). 73° 53' N, 138° E, 12 f, clay, "/, 78. (Actinian), 76° 18' N, 95° 30' E, 3 — 10 f., stones, '7„ 78- (Actinian). 76° 18' N, 95° 30' E, 3 — 10 f., stones, '78 78. (Actinian). 76° 18' N, 95° 30' E, 3—10 f., stones, '7, 78- INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, i83 C a 1 y c o z o a. 192. Lucernaria r convolvulus JOHNST. •]6° 40' N, 115° 30' E, 35 f., claj-, -'V 78. 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 Hy dr ozoa. (Acaleph). 61° 7' N, 173° 24' \V, surface, May 1879. (Hydroid). S;t Lawrence Island, o — i f., stones & algJB, '/a 7S Sertularia sp. Port Clarence, 4 — 6 f., stones & algae, '''-j. 79. (Hydroid). 64° 52' N, 172° 3' W, 18 f., clay, '"/, 79. (Hydroid). 55° 24' N, 165° 37' E, 75 f., mud, '7, 79. (Hydroid). ■ii° 5' N, 144° 20' E, 8 f, mud, "/„ 78. (Hydroid). 67° 53' N, 176° 6' W, 5 f., sand, "/, 78. 200 201 202 203 204. 205, 206 207 Spongozoa. 73° 2' N, 142° 36' E, 9 f., mud, '■/„ 78. 68° 55' N, 180° 35' E, 3—6 r, stones, '7, 78. 6-/° 5' N, 173° 24' \V, 15 f., stones & clay, '7„ 79. Bering Sea, sexeral localities, 1879. 67° 5' N, 173° 24' \V, 15 f., stones & clay, '7^ 79. ■]l° 5' N, 144° 20' E, 8 f., clay, "/, 78. ■]6° 18' N, 95° 30 E, 5—10 f, stones & algae, '7, 78. 55° 24' N, 165° 37' E, 75 f., sand, '7, 79. B. SKELETON' OF RHVTINA STELLERI FOUND OX THE SHORE OF BERLNG ISLAND. C. ALG.^: FROM BERING ISLAND AS SAMPLES OF THE FOOD OF RHYTINA STELLERI. INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, 1S82. D FISHING GEARS AND IMPLEMENTS FOR CATCHING SEALS AND BIRDS, FROM THE CHUKCHES AND ESKIMO IN THE N. E. OF ASIA AND N. W. OF AMERICA. (ARRANGED AND CATALOGUED BY K. pAlmanj. I Ice-sieve of bone and strips of whalebone, the shaft of Chukches. Norden- wood, used to keep the surface of the water clear of skiold: pieces of ice. Voyage of the Vega. I. 493 *• 2 FiSHIN'G-ROD, short, of wood with line of twine made of whalebone, sinker and hook of ivory. " — Voy. of Vega II, no. 3 Fishing-rod, short, of wood and bone with line made of twine of whalebone, sinker of ivory, and hook of ivory and iron wire. >' — » 4 Fishing-rod, short, of wood with line of seal skin, sin- ker of bone and three hooks of bone and copper wire affixed to the sinker by tufts of twine made of whale bone ornamented with white beads. Pitlekaj. 5 Fishing-rod, short, of wood witli line of twisted sinews, sinker and hook of ivory. » » » 6 Fishing-rod, very short, of wood with line of seal skin and twine made of whalebone, sinker and hook of ivory. ' >' ' 7 Fishing-rod, short, wiht line of seal skin, sinker of ivory and hook of ivory and copper wire. » Yinretlen. 8 Sinker of ivory with one hook of ivory and two of bone and copper wire. » Pitlekaj. » 9 Sinker of ivory with two hooks of ivory and iron wire, each tuft provided with a red bead. » » » 10 Leister of bone. » — Voy. of Vega II, 105 f. 6. 1 1 Fishing-net made of twisted sinews, with floats of wood; used for catching salmon. » — Voy. of Vega II, 109. 12 Net made of strong seal skin thongs for catching seals. The nets are set in summer among the ground-ices along the shore. The animal gets entangled in the net and is suffocated, as it can no longer come to the surface to breathe. In winter the seal is taken with nets in >■ leads » among the ice. » \^oy. of Vega II, 108; 109. 13 IcE-SCR.\PER of wood and four seal claws, with bone amulet affixed; intended for decoying the seal from its hole. • » — Vov. of Vega II.' II 7 f. 3. 14 IcE-SCRAPER of wood and two seal claws used in the same manner as no. 13. » Pidekaj. •■ " * The Voyage of the Veg.i round Asia and Europe, b)- A. E. Nordens! iold, translated by Alexander Leslie. In Uvo Volumes London, Macmillan and Co. iSSi. INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, 18S2 IS 16, 17 18 19, 20 28, 29 36 37,38 Harpoon, the shaft made of wood and ivory, the head of bone armed with a thin, flat plate of iron; used to kill the walrus and the largest kind of seals. Two OARS, not painted. Seal-gut great coat. BlRD-D.\RTS of wood with point and barbed projections of bone or ivory, resembling the darts used by the Eskimo. Wooden Iiancilc for throwing the bird-darts no. lo, 20. Dart of wood. Dart of wood with ivory point. Dart of wood with carved ivory point. Whip SLING with shaft of wood and cord of leather, for casting the darts no. 22, 23, 24. Seventeen arrows with ivory-, bone- or iron-i)oinls; fea- thers are generally wanting; the shaft is a clumsily worked piece o{ wood. Seventeen ARROWS with ivory-, bone-, wooden or iron-jjoints, feathers generally wanting, shaft of wood. Four QUIVERS of red leather with a beautiful embroidery of white reindeer hair and white strips of skin. No. 28 ornamented with four tails of ground-squirrel (Spermophilus). Two Bows consisting of a slightly bent elastic piece of wood, with the ends drawn together by a skin thong. The old Chukches used the bow for martial pur- poses. Now this weapon is employed only for hun- ting, but it appears as if even for this purpose it would soon go out of use. Bow, old, larger than no. 32, 2,2, carefully made of a sharply bent elastic piece of wood, covered with birch- bark, and strengthened by an artistic plaiting of sinews on the outer side. String of a skin thong. Bow, old, in the form resembling n. 33 but consisting of three pieces of wood not surrounded by birch-bark and strengthened by only a small number of plaited sinews on the outer side. String of a skin thong. Crossbow of wood with a string of seal skin. Two BiRU-SLINGS consisting of a number of round balls of ivory or bone fastened to strings of twisted sinews or to leather thongs which are knotted together. Some feathers are fixed to the knot in order to increase the resistance of the air to this part of the sling. When the sling is thrown the balls are thereby scattered in all directions, and the probability of the hit- ting becomes greater. Every man and boy in sum- mer carries with him such a sling, often bound round his head, and is immediately prepared to cast it at flocks of birds flying past. Chukches. Pitlekaj. Irkaipij. Yinretlen. Pitlekaj. Pitlekaj. Voy. of Vega II, 105 f. i; 109. Vov. of Vega il. 93- Voy. of Vega I. 432- Voy. of Vega n, 105 f. s; 109. Voy. of Vega II, 105 f. 4. Voy. of Vega II, 107. Voy. of ^'ega II, 106; 135. Voy. of Vega II, 107; 108. Voy. of Vega II, 108. Voy. of Vega II, 109; 105 f- 3- INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, i832. 39 Fishing-rod, short, of wood and ivory with line of whale- bone, sinker of ivory and hooks in the form of beetles made of stone of different colours, ivory, horn, glass beads, horny red plates taken from the beak a species of seabiid (PhalERIS CRISTATELLA) and iron wire. The different materials are bound together by twine made of whalebone. Eskimo. Port Clarence. Vov. of Vega 11, 234- 40 Fishing-rod, short, of wood, with line of whalebone and one hook in the form of beede made of stone, ivory, blue beads, red horny plates taken from the beak of PhALERIS CRISTATELLA and iron wire. 41 Fishing-rod, short, of wood, with line made of whalebone; sinker and hook of ivory. ' 3 — 42 Fishing-rod, short, of wood with line of whalebone with , J Voy. of Vega II, 234. red horny plates from the beak of PhalERIS CRISTA- TELLA, the hook of bone with iron wire. 43 Sinker of stone and ivory with fish-hook of bone, a blue bead, horny red plates from the beak of PhalERIS CRISTATELLA and copper wire. "' ' • 44 Sinker of stone and ivory with horny red plates from the beak of PHALERIS CRISTATELLA and one fish- hook in the form of beetle made of ivory, blue beads, red plates from the beak of PHALERIS CRI- STATELLA and copper wire. » 45 Sinker of stone with fish-hook in the form of beetle made of ivory, blue beads, horny red plates from the beak of PHALERIS CRISTATELLA and iron wire. » " ' 46 Sinker of ivory and stone with two fish-hooks in the form of beetles made of stone, ivory, blue beads, horny red plates from the beak of PHALERIS CRISTATELLA and iron wire. s * * 47 Sinker of stone with one fish-hook in the form of beetle made of stone, bone, a blue bead, horny red plates taken from the beak of PHALERIS CRISTATELLA and iron wire. 48 Sinker of ivory and stone with two fish-hooks made of ivory, blue beads, horny red plates from the beak of PHALERIS CRISTATELLA and copper wire. » " » 49 Sinker of stone with two fish-hooks in the form of beet- les made of stone, bone, blue beads, horny red plates from the beak of PHALERIS CRISTATELLA and iron wire. ■ 50 Sinker of ivory with three fish-hooks of ivory and one hook of bird skin and copper wire. » ^ — SI FisH-HOOKS of wood with ivory points. » > Voy. of Vega n, 234. 52 FiSH-HOOKS resembling no. 51. ^ - - 53 Leister of bone and wood. ^ — Voy. of Vega II, 229. 54 FiSHING-NET of thongs of seal skin. ^ Port Clarence. INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES EXHIBITION, EDINBURGH, 55 FiSHING-N'ET of thongs of sealskin with sinkers of bone or stone and floats of bladders. Eskimo. Port Clarence. 56 Fishing-net of twisted sinews with sinkers of bone and floats of bladders. > » 57 Harpoon-point of bone and a species of ne])hrite, which is very like the well known nephrite from High Asia and i)robably comes originally from that locality. ■ * Vov. of Vega II,'229f. 3; 236; 23S. 58 Harpoon, wooden shaft, the foremost end of which made of ivory, the hindmost provided with an iron point; jioint of bone armed with a thin flat piece of iron; line of a skin thong with hook of ivory. 59.60 Two H.\RrooNS, the shaft of wood, bone and ivory, the head armed with a thin flat plate of iron. " ' — 61 Harpoon-float of seal skin ornamented with a tail made of the hairs of the Northamerican porcupine, Ere- THIZON DORSATCM, and provided with an amulet (a human face carwed in wood). 62 Flint DART POINT. ' ' Voy. of Vega II, 229. 63,64 Two ^VHAI.E-HARPOONS of wood with flint point. » • ^ 65 Oar, the blade jiartly painted black and ornamented with two eyes. * Voy. of Vega II, 241 f. 4. 66 Oar, part of the blade painted red and black. . » — 67 Oar, the upper part of the handle painted red, part of the blade painted black and red. ' — 68 Oar, the blade partly ])ainted black and ornamented with eyes, eye-brows, nose and mouth. » • Vov. of Vega II,' 24 1 f. 4. 69 Boat-hook, the shaft of wood, the hook of carved ivory. ' » Voy. of Vega II, 241. 70 Boat-hook resembling no. 69 but less carved. » » — 7 I Seal-gut great coat with borders of seal-and bird-skin. The ornaments of small feather-tufts and horny red plates from the beak of PlIALERlS CRIST.\TEI.LA. * Lawrence. 72>73 Two BIRD-DARTS with shaft of wood, long barbed points y. Port Vov. of Vega and projections of ivory. Clarence. II. 229. 74.75 Two wooden HANDLES for throwing the bird-darts no. 72 and 73; no. 75 ornamented with five balls of blue glass. » » • 76 Seventeen wooden ARROWS or HAKPOON-ENDS with points of iron, stone or glass. » ' » 77 Quiver of sealskin containing five arrows. - . . 78 Quiver of sealskin containing three arrows. » » . 79 Bow, short, of a sligthly bent piece of wood, strengthened by skin thongs; the string of twisted skin thongs. » > —