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ARMORIAL BEARINGS

OF THE SURNAMES OF

SCOTLAND

Volume One

V/^ ^ fs!l>^ 1^ fs/

Donald Roger Barnes

FAMILY HISTORY LIBRARY 35 NORTH WEST TEMPLE ST SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84150

Published by:

Panther Incensed,

4 Atworth Way,

Burswood, Auckland 1 705,

New Zealand.

gdso@earthling.net

© Donald Roger Barnes 2004. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright holder.

ISBN 0-476-0051 1-6

Sources:

<~i

BGA: Sir Bernard Burke, The General Armory, 1884, reprinted 1976.

BP: Burke 's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th edn., 1999 (or earlier year if specified).

Clan Map: Sir Iain MoncreifFe of that Ilk and Don Pottinger, Bartholomews Clan Map Scotland of Old; 2nd edn., 1961.

C. of A.: The Coat of Arms, magazine of The Heraldry Society, London.

DP: Debretts Peerage and Baronetage, 2003 (or earlier year if specified).

DT: The Double Tressure, journal of the Heraldry Society of Scotland.

GR: Gayre of Gayre and Nigg, Roll of Scottish Arms, 1 964 & 1 969.

HSS: Information fi'om the Lyon Register kindly supplied by a member of the Heraldry

Society of Scodand.

Lyndsay: Fac Simile of an Ancient Heraldic Manuscript Emblazoned by Sir David Lyndsay

of the Mount, Lyon King of Arms, 1542, Edinburgh, 1822.

Nisbet: Alexander Nisbet, A System of Heraldry, 1722, reprinted Edinburgh, 1984.

Ol : Sir James Balfour Paul, An Ordinary of Arms contained in the Public Register of

All Arms and Bearings in Scotland {\672-\90\), Edinburgh, 1903, reprinted 1969.

02: An Ordinary of Arms Volume II ... 1902-1973, Edinburgh, 1977.

SCAFE; George Way of Plean and Romilly Squire, Collins Scottish Clan & Family

Encyclopedia, Glasgow, 1994.

Scots Her. : Sir Thomas Innes of Leamey, Scots Heraldry, 2nd edn., 1 956, reprinted 1971.

Scots Roll: CoUn Campbell, The Scots Roll. A Study of a Fifteenth Century Roll of Arms, Heraldry Society of Scotland, 1995.

Tak Tent: Tak Tent, newsletter of the Heraldry Society of Scodand.

W A: Whitaker 's Almanack 2004, A & C Black (PubUshers) Ltd, London, pp 1 1 7 & 1 1 8

(list of 'Chiefs of Clans and Names in Scodand').

i

Armorial Bearings of the Surnames of Scotland Text and illustrations by Donald Roger Barnes

'Armorial bearings', 'arms', or 'coat of arms' refers to the heraldic design on a shield. In Scotland, armorial bearings are under the control of the Lord Lyon King of Arms. Since 1672, arms (as well as crests, mottoes, supporters and badges) have been recorded in the Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland, known informally as 'Lyon Register'. Earlier holders of the office of Lord Lyon made their own registers of arms, some of which still exist.

Although there are some exceptions, it can generally be said that, in Scotland, all coats of arms belonging to people of the same surname have similar designs. It is, therefore, usually possible to deduce a person's surname from the design of his or her arms. However, as only one person at a time is entitled to any one particular coat of arms, other people of that same surname (including immediate family members) must, if they wish to use arms, apply to have differenced versions matriculated (registered) in their own names. Differencing might range from the simple addition of a border or a crescent, to considerably more complicated changes.

For most of those surnames where there have been coats of arms registered for people of that name, there exists an undifferenced design on which all others of that name are based. Some of these undifferenced arms may be only theoretical designs inferred from old records and differenced versions.

Only the 'chief of the arms and name' is entitled to use the undifferenced arms.

A person who can establish his or her relationship to a male-line ancestor in whose name arms have been registered, may apply for a matriculation of a differenced version, and those who cannot establish such a link may apply for a grant of a new coat of arms which, however, will be based on the design of the chiefs.

Arms matriculated or granted will not necessarily include any augmentation which occurs in the chiefly arms, such as the double tressure flory counterflory in the Buchanan arms, or either of the crowns in the Ogilvy arms.

Most of the entries in this booklet are of the registered undifferenced arms of the chief of that surname, whether or not there is a currently recognised chief For other entries, the theoretical chiefly arms have been inferred from ancient records and from differenced versions recorded for others of the surname, and there would not, in these cases, be a currently recognised chief Where there is no current chief, the arms cannot be borne by anyone until the Lord Lyon determines who is the rightful chief; and the inferred designs (or possibly a slightly differing version) cannot be borne by anybody until die Lord Lyon determines both who is the rightful chief, and the exact design of the chiefly arms. No one can be recognised as chief of a surname unless he or she uses that surname alone without it being hyphenated with any other name.

1

In this booklet, the text of each entr> consists of up to five items: 1: The surname, of which there are often several different spellings, but generally only

the main one is shown. WTiere the surname varies only in the endmg (e.g. ...es/

...is. ...ie/...y. ...ton/... tone/... toun. doubling of a consonant such as Dun/Dunn).

or between Mac.../Mc.... Macd.../MacD... etc. only one spelling is usually shown

and the others are implied. 2: The blazon of the arms. (For readers unfamiliar with heraldic terminolog>'. there is

(on p. 20) a bnef glossars' of those terms which are not obvious by comparing

blazon with illustration. If the tinctures of a beasts tongue, claws, horns, beak

etc are not given in the recorded blazon. I have either followed the heraldic

convention as to what those tinctures should be or I have followed an old

coloured painting such as The Scots Roll.) 3: The title and/or surname and designation (territorial or otherwise) of the person in

whose name the arms have been recorded. If in italics, then that person is (to the

best of my knowledge) the current chief of the arms. 4: The Lyon Register ('LR) volume, page, and year (or range of possible years where

the entr\ is undated). 5: References to sources (see inside front cover). (Inferred undifferenced" means

that the arms given are inferred as mentioned on page 1 . )

In 3 above, a designation 'of that Ilk" means ^of the same", so that generallv. for example. Bloggs of that Ilk" means the same thing as "Bloggs of Bloggs" — both these designations usually implying chiefship of the surname. (Sometimes the use of the former st)ie is because the lands named 'Bloggs" are no longer held bv the chief although 'of Bloggs" does not necessarily mean that he or she still holds those lands.) The designation of some chiefs is that of the surname (e.g. MacGregor of MacGregor) rather than the chiefly lands. 'Lord" is that rank of the peerage equivalent to an English baron.

In almost all of those surnames which contain the letter z (such as Dalziel. Mackenzie. Menzies. Scr>-mzeour. and Zuill), the z has replaced the yogh (3) which represented the guttural sound that is a cross between a y and a g. It should not be pronounced as a z. It is. however, now usually written as z. y. or ^ as in Dalziel. Dalyell. Scr\'mgeour. Wingate. Yuill and Zuill. (Moncreiffe, The Highland Clans. 1967. etc (under Mackenzie and Menzies); Black. The Surnames of Scotland. 1946. reprinted 1993. p. Ivi: The Scottish National Dictionary^ vol. X. 1976. pp 246 & 297.)

On page 21 is a map showing places mentioned in this volume. See. also, the notes at the foot of page 20.

Even though much effort has been made to ensure the accurac\ of this booklet, it cannot be taken as authoritative or completely up to date. (The L\on Register reference might have been superseded, but the arms shown w ill. to the best of mv knowledge, still be correct.) An old Gaelic proverb has it that It is a great thing to have written a book, even a bad one".

Abemethy

Or, a lion rampant Gules, surmounted by a riband Sable.

Abemethy of that Ilk; Lord Abemethy; Lord Salto(u)n.

SCAFE; Nisbet; Clan Map; Lyndsay; BOA

Alexander

Parted per pale Argent and Sable, a chevron and in base a crescent, both counterchanged.

Alexander of Menstrie, Earl of Stirling.

Nisbet; DT 21, pp. 7 & 8; GR (inferred undifferenced).

Baird

Gules, a boar passant Or. Baird of Auchmedden. LR 1/120, 1672-92.

SCAFE; GR; Nisbet (Scots bair = boar)

V^ ^ M/» ^ fy/

Balfour

Blackadder

Argent, on a chevron Sable, an otter's head erased of the Field.

Balfour of that Ilk.

LR 32/16, 1936.

SCAFE; 02; Nisbet

Azure, on a chevron Argent, three roses Gules.

Blackadder of that Ilk.

SCAPE; Nisbet; Lyndsay;

GR (quarterings in arms of Home of

Blackader, and Hume of Carsrigg)

Borthwick

Argent, three cinquefoils Sable.

Borthwick of that Ilk, Lord Borthwick.

LR70/9, 1986.

SCAFE; HSS; Nisbet; BP, WA

Boyd

Azure, a fess check7 Argent and Gules.

Lord Kilmarnock.

LR 34/43, 1941.

SCAFE; 02; Nisbet; WA; BP

Brisbane

Sable, a chevron cheeky Or and Gules between three cushions of the Second.

Brisbane of Bishopton.

LR 1/122, 1672-92.

SCAFE; Nisbet; GR

Buchanan

Or, a lion rampant Sable, armed and langued Gules, within a double tressure flory counterflor)' of the Second.

Buchanan of that Ilk. LR 1/122. 1675.

SCAFE; GR; Lyndsay. Nisbet states that an earlier version had the lion 'degutted" Or. Scots Roll shows the lion 'goutty d'Or" (strewn with golden droplets).

Cairns

Gules, three martlets Or.

Cairns of that Ilk.

SCAFE & Nisbet: (Balfour's MS); Lvndsav

Campbell

Gyronn) of eight Or and Sable.

Duke of Argyll.

LR 58/81. 1977.

SCAFE. HSS, Nisbet: WA: BP

Cockbum

Argent, three cocks Gules. Cockbum of that Ilk, and of Langton.

LR 1/129. 1673.

SCAFE; GR; Nisbet; Scots Roll.

(02, BP & DP show Cockbum of that Ilk,

but the arms are differenced by a bordure.)

Cunningham

Argent, a shake-fork Sable.

Cunningham of Kibnaurs, Earl of Glencaim.

LR 1/53. c. 1672. SCAFE, GR: Nisbet

Dalziel / Dalyell

Sable, a naked man, his arms expanded Proper.

Dalziel of that Ilk, Earl of Camwath.

LR 1/64. c. 1672.

SCAFE; GR; Nisbet.

Lyndsay shows, for Dawjell of that Ilk. a

wildman (i.e. covered with hair).

Don

Vert, on a fess Argent, three mascles Sable.

Don of Neulon. Baronet.

LR 1/136. 1672-85.

SCAFE: GR: Nisbet

♦♦♦

Drummond

Or, three bars wavy Gules.

Drummond ofStobhall, Earl of Perth.

LR 40/77, 1953.

02; SCAFE; Nisbet; BP; WA

Dundas

Argent, a lion rampant Gules. Dundas of Dundas.

LR 18/56, 1905.

02; SCAFE; Nisbet; Scots Roll; Lyndsay; WA

Edmonstone / Edmiston

Or, three crescents Gules.

Edmonstone/Edmiston of that Ilk, and of Ednam.

LR 1/144, 1672-93.

SCAFE; 01; GR; Nisbet; Scots Roll; Lyndsay

Eglinton

Gules, three annulets Or, stoned Azure.

Eglinton of that Ilk.

Nisbet

Forsyth

Argent, a chevron engrailed Gules between three griffins segreant Azure, armed and membered Sable, crowned Or.

Forsyth of that Ilk.

LR63/7. 1978.

SCAFE; DT4, 1982, p. 12, n.6; DT7, 1985, p. 21-24; Nisbet; WA

Gayre / Gair

Argent, a fleur-de-lys Sable, and in the dexter chief point a star Vert.

Gayre of Gayre and Nigg.

LR 66/25, 1982.

SCAFE; HSS; WA

Glendinning

Quarterly indented Argent and Sable, a cross counterchanged.

Glendinning/Glendonwyn of that Ilk.

SCAFE & Nisbet (Mackenzie's Science of Heraldry); Scots Roll; Lyndsay

Gordon

Azure, three boars' heads couped Or, armed Proper and langued Gules.

Marquess ofHuntly.

LR37/1 ,1950. SCAFE; 02; Nisbet; WA

Graham

Or, on a .'lief Sable, three escallops oftheFii.^i.

Duke of Montrose.

LR 76/89, 1998. SCAFE; HSS; Lyndsay; WA

10

Hamilton

Gules, three cinquefoils Ermine.

Hamilton of that Ilk, Duke of Hamilton.

Nisbet; Clan Map; SCAFE; HSS (LR 58/1,

1974).

Scots Roll & Lyndsay show the cinquefoils

pierced. The illustration in Lyndsay

suggests that the ermine spots might have

their origin in the veins of the cinquefoils.

Hay

Argent, three inescutcheons Gules.

Hay ofErroll, Earl ofErroll

LR 64/77, 1980.

Reproduction of matriculation published by the Heraldry Society of Scotland, 1981; Nisbet; Lyndsay; SCAFE; WA

Hepburn

Gules, on a chevron Argent, a rose between two lions combatant of the First.

SCAFE {The Scots Peerage); Nisbet; 01 & 02 (inferred undifferenced)

11

Herries

Hunter

Argent, three urchins (or herissons) Sable.

Herries of Terreagles, Lord Herries.

Nisbet; Scots Roll, BGA; Lyndsay; 02 (LR 18/10, 1904)

Or, three hunting horns Vert, garnished and stringed Gules.

Hunter of Hunterston.

LR 76/50, 1995.

SCAFE; HSS: Tak Tent 13; BGA; WA

Lidderdale

Azure, a chevron Ermine. Lidderdale of St Mary's Isle. LR 1/350. 1672-80. Nisbet; OR

Lockhart

Argent, a man's heart Gules within a fetterlock Sable; on a chief Azure, three boars' heads erased of the First.

Lockhart of the Lee,

LR 42/40, 1957. SCAFE; 02; WA

McCorquodale

Argent, a stag Gules, attired Or,

issuing from a fess wreathed of the Second and Third.

McCorquodale of that Ilk and Phantilands.

LR 1/359. 1672-92.

SC.\FE. GR. Clan Map

McCuUoch

Ermine, fretty Gules.

McCulloch of MvTtoune. LR 1/185. 1672-74. SCAFE. GR; 01; Clan Map

12

13

14

MacGregor

Argent, a sword in bend Azure, and an oak tree eradicated in bend sinister Proper, the former supporting on its point in dexter chief an antique crown Gules.

MacGregor of MacGregor, Baronet.

LR 64/31. 1979.

SCAFE; HSS; BP; WA

Mackinnon

Vert, a boar's head erased Argent, holding in its mouth the shank bone of a deer Proper.

Mackinnon of Mackinnon.

LR 36/153, 1948. SCAFE; 02: WA

MacLaren / MacLaurin*

Or, two chevronels Gules accompanied by a lymphad, sails furled and oars in action Sable in base.

MacLaren of MacLaren and Achleskine.

LR 42/1 19, 1958.

SCAFE; 02; WA.

* Although most MacLaurin matriculations are based on the arms shown here, MacLaurin of Dreghom has; Argent, a shepherd's crook Sable (LR 1/529 & 530. 1781). 01;GR

Macpherson

Parted per fess Or and Azure, a lymphad of the First, sail furled, oars in action and tackling all Proper, flags and pennon flying Gules; in the dexter canton, a dexter hand fessways couped and holding a dagger erect, and in the sinister canton, a cross crosslet fitchy all Gules.

Macpherson ofCluny.

LR 49/79, 1966. SCAFE; 02; WA

Matheson

Gyronny of eight Sable and Gules, a lion rampant Or, armed and langued Azure.

Matheson of Matheson, Baronet.

LR 76/39, 1994.

SCAFE; HSS, WA, DP

Moffat

Sable, a saltire and a chief Argent. Moffat of that Ilk.

LR 65/60, 1983.

SCAFE; HSS; Heraldry Society of Scotland Newsletter No. 9; Nisbet; Lyndsay; WA

15

Monypenny

Gules, three crosses crosslet fitchy issuing out of as many crescents Argent.

Monypenny of Pitmilly.

LR 70/36. 1987.

SCAFE: HSS. Lyndsay

Munro / Monro

Or. an eagle's head erased Gules. Munro of Foulis.

LR39/1, 1952. SCAFE; 02; Nisbet; WA

Ogilvy / Ogilvie

Argent, a lion passant guardant Gules, armed and langued Azure, crowned with an Imperial Crown and gorged w ith an open crown both Proper.

Earl ofAirlie.

LR 1/63. 1785. SCAFE; GR; Nisbet; WA

Pitblado

Vert, a boars head erased Argent. Pitblado / Pitbladdowe of that Ilk.

SCAFE ( Pont "s MS); Nisbet (Workman's MS); DT 10, p.26 (Hague Roll), Lyndsay

Pollock

Vert, a saltire Or between three bugles, tvvo in fess and one in base Argent, garnished Gules.

Pollock of Overpollock or of that Ilk.

LR 1/395. 1672-1698.

SCAFE. GR

Preston

Argent, three unicorns" heads erased Sable.

Preston of that Ilk.

LR 1/202. 1673.

SCAFE. GR; Nisbet

16

17

18

Purves / Purvis

Azure, on a fess between three mascles Argent, as many cinquefoils of the Field.

Purves of Purves, Baronet.

LR 1/204. 1772. SCAFE; GR: Nisbet

Robertson / MacRobert(s) / Robbie

Gules, three wolves" heads erased Argent, armed and langued Azure.

Robertson ofStruan.

LR 40/14. 1954, SCAFE; 02; Nisbet; WA

Rutherford

Argent, an orle Gules; in chief three martlets Sable, beaked of the Second.

Rutherford of that Ilk; and of Edgerston.

LR 1/207, c. 1672.

GR; SCAFE; Nisbet; Lyndsay p. 99.

(The orle should probably be correctly described as a voided escutcheon: see Lyndsay p. 84.)

Stewart / Stuart

Or, a fess cheeky Azure and Argent. Nisbet vol I, p. 43

Tweedie

Argent, a saltire engrailed Gules and a chief Azure.

Tweedie of Drumelzier.

SCAFE; Nisbet (Font's MS); Clan Map; Lvndsav

Wright

Azure, three carpenter's axes Argent. Nisbet (Mackenzie's Heraldrv).

(Most later matriculations for this surname have 'battle axes".)

19

GLOSSARY

Argent: silver, usually shown as white.

armed: with claws, talons, horns, tusks, beak (of bird of prey), teeth (but not usually other than tusks): in armour.

Azure: blue.

bend sinister: a diagonal stnpe from sinister chiefto dexter base.

bordure: border.

chief the upper part of a shield; a

horizontal stripe at the top of a shield.

counterchanged: where the shield is divided into two tinctures, and the charges (or parts thereof) laid on it have the same tinctures but transposed.

couped: cut off (e.g. hand, at the neck: at the endsof asaltire).

dexter: right (hand, paw, side, etc.), right- hand side of a shield from the point of view of a person behind the shield.

eradicated: up-rooted.

erased: torn off, leaving a ragged edge.

Ermine: a frir consisting of black, highly stylised ermine tails on white.

escutcheon: shield.

expanded: out-spread.

Field, of the: of the same tincture as the surface of the shield.

First, of the: of the same tincture as the first tincture mentioned.

garnished: decorated (e.g. hunting horn or bugle, including the sfrings if not otherwise tinctured).

guardant: full-faced.

Gules: red.

herisson: hedgehog.

inescutcheon: shield.

langued: tongued.

Last, of the: of the same tincture as the last

of the previously mentioned tinctures, membered: of the legs of a bird and the

fore-legs of a griffin. Or: gold, often shown as yellow. passant: walking, with the dexter (fore-)leg

raised. Proper: in natural or usual tinctures, but

stylised, e.g. 'a heart Proper' is red. Purpure: purple. Sable: black. Second, of the: of the same tincture as the

second tincture mentioned, segreant: (of a griffin) the same position as

a lion rampant, and with wings back- to-back, sinister: left (hand, paw, side, etc); the

opposite of dexter, star: the five-pointed charge known as a

'mullet' in English heraldry. Third, of the: of the same tincture as the

third tincture mentioned, tincture: any of the colours (Azure, Gules,

Purpure, Sable, Vert), metals (Argent,

Or) and furs (Ermine, Vair, etc.). urchin: hedgehog. Vert: green.

For most of the surnames in this volume, the map opposite shows (usually with the modem spelling) one or more of the following:

a: the place or district that is the origin of the surname; b: the place of the territorial designation of the chief; c: the place or district of the peerage title of the chief; d: the traditional territory of the surname; e: the seat of the current chief; f: a place named after the family.

The map was compiled using information in several of the sources listed inside the front cover (such as SCAFE, Clan Map, Nisbet, BGA) and the following: George F. Black, The Surnames of Scotland, 1946, reprinted 1993; Sir Iain Moncreiffe of that Ilk, The Highland Clans, 1967 etc; Martin Coventry, The Castles of Scotland, 1997; Roddy Martine, Scottish Clan and Family Names, 1987; Ordnance Survey Gazetteer of Great Britain, 1995; Ordnance Survey maps (19tJi centur>'), reprinted by Caledonian Books, Collieston, \9%1; AA Great Britain Road Atlas, 1980.

20

Abemethy	20
Achleskine	19
Airlie	11
Argyll	18
Auchmedden	5
Balfour	23
Bishopton	28
Blackadder	48
Borthwick 45 & 55
Buchanan	26
Cairns	40
Carnwath	39
Cluny	7
Cockburn	46
Cunningham	30
Dalzell	37
Drumelzier	56
Drymen (Drummond)	27
Dundas	41
Edgerston	54
Edmonstone	43
Ednam	51
Eglinton	31
Errol	13
Ethie (Forsyth)	10

Foulis	2
Glencaim	59
Glendinning	58
Gordon	50
Hamilton	35
Hepburn	63
Hunterston	29
Huntly	6
Kilmarnock	33
Kilmaurs	32
Langton	47
Lee, The	38
MacGregor	17
Mackinnon	4

/\	-. /		/		e
'^ Galloway	59 \\	\'57 />■ u		/ / Pitmilly Pollok	22 34
\ /V C^	^>	r^	c>"	Preston	42
NCvo^	f		Purves	49
Q ^			Rutherford	53
1 50 miles	, f			St Mary's Isle Saltoun	61
' 80 km	' /	44
Matheson 3	\			Stirling	25
Menstrie 24	Nigg		1	Stobhall	14
Moffat 57	Ogilvy		12	Struan	8
Montrose 9	Perth		15	Terregles	60
Myreton 62	Phantilands		16	The Lee	38
Newton 52	Pitbladdo		21	Tweedie	36

21

ARMORIAL BEARINGS OF THE

SURNAMES OF SCOTLAND	0		Pr^	3 o
Abemethy Alexander Baird Balfour Blackadder	In this \	^'olume: Hepburn Herries Hunter Lidderdale Lockhart	> r D - h-» I. ^ -• H* ^^ ^ K> -J >	II III 1 III 1 III	AMILY HISTORY LIBI	S" a> o
Borthwick Boyd		McCorquodale McCuUoch	3 -1 o 3N			C -\
Brisbane		MacGregor				3
Buchanan		Mackinnon MacLaren / MacLaur				0
Cairns	in			^y\
Campbell		Macpherson				t \ 0
Cockbum		MacRobert(s): see Robertson		0)
Cunningham		Matheson				a
Dalziel / DalyeU		Moffat				^
Don		Monypenny
Drummond		Munro / Monro				•
Dundas		Ogilvy / Ogilvie
Edmonstone / Edmiston	Pitblado
Eglinton		Pollock
Forsyth		Preston				p
Gayre / Gair		Purves / Purvis
Glendinning		Robertson / MacRobert(s) / Robbie	37
Gordon		Rutherford				> 73
Graham		Stewart / Stuart			*	z -n
Hamilton		Tweedie
Hay		Wright

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