THE ! into Eng ations , and umer- :>y the ty im- ccom- a con- offer a chob- nters; outine books I con- preted icn colored plates, tne proless on has which fc cheapne Each ous illust most ski! pressions panied bj densed b One • ready ar servation and even hospital ^ will be s venient f« by the m While upjjiuuminig me value 01 heretofore been practically debarred from purchasing similar works because of their extremely high price, made necessary by a limited sale and an enormous expense of production. Now, however, by reason of their pro- jected universal translation and reproduction, affording international dis- tribution, the publishers have been enabled to secure for these atlases the best artistic and professional talent, to produce them in the most elegant style, and yet to offer them at a price heretofore unapproached in cheapness. The great success of the undertaking is demonstrated by the fact that the volumes have already appeared in thirteen different languages — German, English, French, Italian, Russian, Spanish, Dutch, Japanese, Danish, Swedish, Roumanian, Bohemian, and Hungarian. The same careful and competent editorial supervision has been secured in 'he English edition as in the originals. The translations have been edited by the leading American specialists in the different sub- jects. The volumes are of a uniform and convenient size (5 x 7^ inches), and are substantially bound in cloth. (For List of Books, Prices, etc, see back cover*) Pamphlet containing specimens of the Colored Plates sent free on application. THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESENTED BY PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID ATLAS AND>? PRINCIPLES., ... •'OF"' BACTERIOLOGY AND TEXT-BOOK OF SPECIAL BACTERIOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS BY PROF. DR. K. B. LEHMANN Director of the Hygienic Institute in Wurzburg AND R. O. NEUMANN, DR. PHIL, and MED. Assistant in the Hygienic Institute in Wurzburg AUTHORIZED TRANSLATION FROM THE SECOND ENLARGED AND REVISED GERMAN EDITION EDITED BY GEORGE H. WEAVER, M.D. Assistant Professor of Pathology, Rush Medical College, Chicago PART I— ATLAS With 632 Figures on 69 Lithographic Plates PHILADELPHIA AND LONDON W. B. SAUNDERS & COMPANY IQOI , COPYRIGHT, 1901, BY W. B. SAUNDERS & COMPANY REGISTERED AT STATIONERS' HALL, LONDON, ENGLAND Withdrawn ql INDEX OF PLATES. PLATE. 1. Streptococcus pyogenes. Rosenbach. 2. Streptococcus lanceolatus. Gamaleia. (Diplococcus pneumo- niae. A. Frankel.) 3. Sarcina flava. De Bary, emended by Lehm. and Stubenrath. 4. Sarcina aurantiaca. Fliigge. 5. Sarcina cervina. Stubenrath. Sarcina pulmonum. Virchow. Sarcina erythromyxa. Krai. Sarcina lutea. Flugge. Sarcina aurantiaca. Flugge. Sarcina rosea. Schroter, emended by Zimmermann. Micrococcus badius. Lehm. and Neum. Sarcina canescens. Stubenrath. 6. Micrococcus luteus. Cohn, emended by Lehm. and Neum. Sarcina pulmonum. Virchow, Hauser. 7. Micrococcus tetragenus. Koch, Gaffky. 8. Micrococcus pyogenes a aureus. (Ros.) Lehm. and Neum. (Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus. Rosenbach.) 9. Micrococcus pyogenes y albus. (Ros.) L. and N. (Staphylo- coccus pyogenes albus. Rosenbach). Micrococcus pyogenes j3 citreus. (Ros.) (Staphylococcus pyo- genes citreus. Rosenbach.) Micrococcus candicans. Flugge. 10. Micrococcus gonorrhcese. Neisser, Bumm. 11. Micrococcus rose us. (Bumm.) Lehm. and Neum. )£. Bacterium septicsemise hsemorrhagicse. Hiippe. (Chicken chol- era, rabbit septicemia.) 13. Bacterium pestis. Lehm. and Neum. 14. Bacterium acidi lactici. Hiippe. (Lactic acid bacillus.) 15. Bacterium pneumoniae. Friedlander. 16. Bacterium typhi. Eberth, Gaffky. (Typhoid bacillus.) 17. Bacterium typhi. Eberth, Gaffky. 18. Bacterium coli. (Escherich.) Lehm. and Neum. 19. Bacterium coli. (Escherich.) Lehm. and Neum. 20. Bacterium latericium. Adametz. Bacterium hsemorrhagicum. (Kolb.) Lehm. and Neum. (Morb. Werlhofii.) Bacterium pror]jpjr^"™ (^ihrpnbftrg.) T.fthm. and Neum. 6 INDEX OF PLATES. PLATE. 22. Bacterium kiliense. (Breunig and Fischer.) Lehm. and Neum. 23. Bacterium violaceum. (J. Schroter.) Lehm. and Neum. 24. Bacterium pyocyaneum. (Fliigge.) Lehm. and Neum. (Green pus.) 25. Bacterium fluorescens. (Fliigge.) Lehm. and Neum. (Bacil- lus fluorescens liquefaciens, Fliigge.) 26. Bacterium putidum. (Fliigge.) Lehm. and Neum. 27. Bacterium syncyaneum. (Ehrenberg.) Lehm. and Neum. (Bacillus cyanogenes Fliigge. Blue milk.) 28. Bacterium syncyaneum. (Ehrenberg.) Lehm. and Neum. 29. Bacterium Zopfii. Kurth. 30. Bacterium Zopfii. Kurth. 31. Bacterium vulgare. (Hauser.) Lehm. and Neum. (Proteus vulgaris Hauser.) 32. Bacterium vulgare ft mirabilis. (Hauser.) Lehm. and Neum. 33. Bacterium erysipelatos suum. (Loffler.) Migula. (Hog ery- sipelas.) Bacterium murisepticum. (Fliigge.) Migula. (Mouse septi- cemia.) 34. Bacillus anthracis. F. Cohn and R. Koch. (Splenic fever.) 35. Bacillus anthracis. F. Cohn and R. Koch. (Splenic fever.) 36. Bacillus anthracis. F. Cohn and R. Koch. (Splenic fever.) 37. Bacillus mycoides. Fliigge. (Root-bacillus.) 38. Bacillus mycoides. Fliigge. Bacillus butyricus. Hiippe. (Butyric acid bacillus.) Bacillus vulgatus. (Fliigge.) Migula. 39. Bacillus subtilis. F. Cohn. (Hay-bacillus.) 40. Bacillus subtilis. F. Cohn. 41. Bacillus megatherium. De Bary. 42. Bacillus vulgatus. (Fliigge.) Migula. (B. mesentericus vul- gatus Fliigge.) Potato bacillus. 43. Bacillus mesentericus. (Fliigge.) Lehm. and Neum. (B. mes- entericus fuscus Fliigge.) 44. Bacillus tetani. Nicolaier. (Tetanus bacillus, lock-jaw.) 45. Bacillus Chauvoei. Mace. (Symptomatic anthrax, black-leg.) 46. Bacillus cedematis maligni. Koch. 47. Vibrio cholera. (Koch.) Buchner. (Comma bacillus.) 48. Vibrio cholerae. (Koch.) Buchner. 49. Vibrio cholera. (Koch.) Buchner. 50. Vibrio cholerse. (Koch.) Buchner. 51. Vibrio cholerse. (Koch.) Buchner. Vibrio Metschnikovii. Gamaleia. 52. Vibrio Proteus. Buchner. (Vibrio Finkler.) 53. Vibrio danubicus. Heider. Vibrio berolinensis. Rubner. Vibrio aquatilis. Giinther. 54. Vibrio albensis. Lehm. and Neum. (Phosphorescent Elbe Vibrio.) 55. Spirillum rubrum. v. Esmarch. INDEX OF PLATES. 7 PLATE. Spirillum concentricum. Kitasato. 56. Spirillum serpens. (E. O. Miiller.) Zettnow. Spirilla from nasal mucus. Spirillum undula. Ehrenberg. Spirillum spermatozoides. Loftier. Spirochsete of oral mucus. Spirillum Obermeieri. F. Cohn. (Spirilla of recurrent fever.) 57. Corynebacterium mallei. (Loffler.) Lehm. and Neum. (Glan- ders bacillus.) 58. Corynebacterium diphtherise. (Loffler.) Lehm. and Neum. (Diphtheria bacillus.) Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum. (Hoffmann-Wellen- hof.) Lehm. and Neum. (Pseudodiphtheria bacillus.) Corynebacterium xerosis. (Kuschbert, Neisser.) Lehm. and Neum. (Xerosis bacillus.) 59. Corynebacterium diphtherise. L. and N. Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum. L. and N. Corynebacterium xerosis. L. and N. 60. Corynebacterium diphtherise. L. and N. Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum. L. and N. Corynebacterium xerosis. L. and N. 61. Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (Koch.) L. and N. (Tubercle bacillus.) 62. Mycobacterium leprse. (Arm. Hansen.) L. and N. (Lepra bacillus.) Mycobacterium tuberculosis y piscicola. L. and N. 63. Mycobacterium lacticola /3 perrugosum. L. and N. Mycobacterium phlei'. Lehm. and Neum. 64. Mycobacterium lacticola a planum. L. and N. 65. Actinomyces bovis. Harz. (Actinomycosis.) 66. Actinomyces farcinicus. (Nocard.) Gasperini. (Fracin du bceuf.) 67. Actinomyces chromogenes. Gasperini. (Cladothrix dichotoma Autprum non Cohn.) 68. Bacterium tussis convulsivse. (Czaplewski and Hensel.) (Whooping-cough.) icterium ulceris ca Bacterium ulceris cancrosi. (Ducrey, Kruse.) L. and N. (Ulcus molle.) Streptococcus meningitidis cerebrospinalis (Weichselbaum). Lehm. and Neum. Bacterium influenzse. (R. Pfeiffer.) L. and N. (Influenza bacillus.) Bacillus gangrsense pulpaB. Arkovy. 69. Leptothrix epidermidis. Biz. Tab. 1. ix. x LUh,. Anst F. Reichhold, Miwchen . PLATE i. Streptococcus pyogenes. Rosenbach. I. Agar streak culture, ten days at 37°. II. Gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. So vigorous a growth does not often occur. III. Agar stab culture, six days at 37°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, six days at 37°. Surface growth. V. Gelatin plate, six days at 22°. VI. Gelatin plate, six days at 22°. X 70. Somewhat abnormal form with irregular borders. The larger colonies are superficial; the smaller, deep. VII. Gelatin plate, six days at 22°. X 70. Common form. The upper, superficial; the lower, deep. VIII. Agar plate, eight days at 37°. X 50. Larger colony superficial ; smaller colonies, deep. IX. Microscopic preparation from a two days' bouillon culture at 37°. X 700. The individual cocci are usually more regularly round. X. Microscopic preparation from a two days' agar culture. Shorter chains. X 1000. XI. Microscopic preparation, designated Streptococcus conglomeratus. Smear -preparation from the blood of the spleen from a case of scarlatina. Copied from Kurth (Kaiserl. Gesundheitsamt., Bd. vn, cfr. xv, 6 and 8). XII. Chains of streptococci, before and during division. Highly magnified. 7 XII. PLATE 2. Streptococcus lanceolatus. Gamaleia. (Diplococcus pneumonise A. Frankel.) (Pneumococcus.) I. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, four days at 37°. III. Agar stab culture, four days at 37°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, four days at 37°. Surface growth. V. Agar plate, three days at 37°. Natural size. VI. Agar plate, three days at 37°. X 50. Superficial colony. The darker colony lies near the surface. VII. Agar plate, three days at 37°. X 50. Deep col- onies. VIII. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. The upper colony is superficial; the lower ones, deep. IX. Smear preparation from pneumonic sputum. X 1000. X. Pure culture from a three days' old agar plate. X 1000. XI. Microscopic preparations: (a) Diplococci as single pairs and in chains. Highly magnified, (b) Diplococci surrounded by gelatinous capsules. XI. Tab. 2. Litfi. Arist F. ReiclUwld, MiindiRn. Tab. 3. x viu. Lit/i. Aftst /.' Reictihold. Miinchen. PLATE 3. Sarcina flava. De Bary, emended by Lehm. and Stu- benrath. I. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, six days at 22°. III. Agar stab culture, six days at 22°; stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, six days at 22° ; surface growth. V. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. VII. Agar plate, six days at 22°. Natural size. VIII. Agar plate, six days at 22°. X 60. Upper colony is superficial, lower ones are deep. IX. Potato culture, ten days at 22°. X. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from an agar plate. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin and differenti- ated with acetic acid. XI. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture in bouillon ; unstained. X 1000. XII. Sarcince forming bales of packets. (Single packets regularly grouped together.) XIII. Sarcince in bunches of packets. (Single or irregular packets, grouped together irregularly.) XII. XIII. PLATE 4. Sarcina aurantiaca. Fliigge. I. Gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, five days at 22°. The color is not so red in all cases; usually light orange. This is also true of the agar stab and potato cultures. III. Agar stab culture, six days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, six days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. Natural size. The gray zone about the colonies indicates a depression. VI. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 60. A colony in the early stage. The gray ring represents a zone where it is sinking in. VII. Agar plate, five days at 22°. Natural size. VIII. Agar plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Upper colony, superficial; lower colonies, deep. The superficial colonies usually become opaque toward the center. IX. Potato culture, eight days old. X. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin, differentiated' with acetic acid. XI. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture in bouillon. X 1000. Unstained, partly schematic. Tab. 4. Litfi. Anst K Reich ho til, Tab. 5. v. vi . Litfi. Arust /•: Reiditwld. Munfhen . VIII PLATE 5. Various Sarcinae. I. Sarcina cervina Stubenrath. Agar streak cul- ture, fifteen days at 22°, isolated from gastric contents. II. Sarcina pulmonum Virchow. Agar streak cul- ture, fifteen days at 37°. III. Sarcina erythromyxa Krai. Agar streak cul- ture, thirty days at 22°, isolated from beer. IV. Sarcina lutea Fliigge. Agar streak culture, ten days at 22°, isolated from stomach. V. Sarcina aurantiaca Fliigge. Agar streak cul- ture, ten days at 22°, isolated from yeast. VI. Sarcina rosea Schroter, emended by Zimmer- mann. Agar streak culture, twenty-five days at 22°, isolated from light beer. VII. Micrococcus radius Lehm. and Neum. Agar streak culture, fifteen days at 22°, isolated from air. VIII. Sarcina canescens Stubenrath. Agar streak culture, twenty days at 22°, isolated from the stomach. PLATE 6. Micrococcus luteus. Ferd. Cohn, emended by Lehm. and Neum. I. Gelatin stab, six days at 22°. II. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 50. To the left, superficial ; to the right, a deep colony. III. Microscopic preparation. X 1000. From a two- days'-old agar plate. Often the micrococci are grouped in tetrads. IV. Agar plate, five days at 22°. Natural size. The colonies are sometimes more yellow. V. Potato culture, six days at 22°. Sometimes it has a dull luster. Sarcina pulmonum. Yirchow. Hauser. (Pulmonary Sarcina.) VI. Gelatin stab, twenty days at 22°. The stab is in reality more gray. VII. Agar streak, twenty days at 22°. VIII. Gelatin plate, twenty days at 22°. To the left, a superficial; to the right, a deep colony. IX. Potato culture, twenty days at 22°. X. Stained flagella. Highly magnified. Tab. 6. I LUh. Anst f: ReLchtwld, Muitcherv. / Tab. 7. Lith. Anst. K ReicMold, Mnnchen . PLATE 7. Micrococcus tetragenus. Koch. Gaffky. I. Agar streak culture, five days at 37°. II. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at 22°. Stab canal. Characteristic nail-head form. III. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at 22° ; surface growth. In the reproduction the color has turned out brown, but should be white. IV. Agar stab culture, six days at 37°. Surface growth. V. Agar stab culture, six days at 37°. The growth along the stab is not always so luxuriant. VI. Agar plate, five days at 37°. Natural size. VII. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. The colonies are naturally pure white. Natural size. VIII. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. X 60. The larger colony is superficial ; the smaller, deep. IX. Microscopic preparation. From a two-days'-old agar culture. X 800. There are not always found tetrads alone, often also single cocci. X. Potato culture, seven days at 37°. XI. Microscopic picture. Tetrads before, during, and after division ; highly magnified. XI. PLATE 8. Micrococcus pyogenes a aureus. (Rosenbach.) Lehm. and Neum. (Staphylococcus aureus Ros.) I. Gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, five days at 22°. III. Agar stab culture, five days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, five days at 22°; surface growth. V. Agar plate culture, six days at 22°, natural size. Superficial and deep colonies. VI. Agar plate, six days at 22°. X 60. Small super- ficial colony. VII. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°, natural size. Superficial and deep colonies. VIII. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Super- ficial and deep colonies. IX. Potato culture, six days at 22°. X. Microscopic preparation. X 1000. From an agar culture, two days old, at 22°. XI. Microscopic preparation. Single cocci, before, during, and after division. X 1500. XI. Tab. 8. Lith. Anst K ReicfiMd. Miinrhen.. Tab. 9. PLATE 9. Micrococcus pyogenes r albus. (Rosenbach.) L. and N. (Staphylococcus albus Rosenbach.) I. Agar streak culture, four days at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, five days at 22°. Micrococcus pyogenes /? citreus. (Rosenbach.) L. and N. (Staphylococcus citreus Rosenbach.) III. Agar streak culture, six days at 22°. Micrococcus candicans. Fliigge. IV. Gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. V. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. VI. Gelatin plate, six days at 22°. X 50. To the left a superficial, to the right a deep colony. VII. Potato culture, ten days at 22°. VIII. Microscopic preparation from a two-day s'-old cul- ture on agar. X 700. PLATE 10. Micrococcus gonorrhoeas. Neisser. Bumm. I. Agar streak culture, ascites-glycerin-agar, three days at 37°. II. Agar plate, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 60. Superficial colonies. The agar was poured out, and blood from the finger-tip smeared upon it, and upon this was placed the gonorrheal pus. The reddish places are blood. The colonies of the gonococcus grow principally at the periphery of the blood smear. III. Serum-agar plate. The upper colony three days, the lower twenty-four hours, at 37°. X 60. Superficial colonies. One c.c. of human serum was added to the agar. IV. Serum-agar plate. The same colonies after eight days. V. Ascites-glycerin-agar plate, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 60. Superficial colonies of a pure culture from blennorrheal pus. To 5 c.c. of a 2% agar, containing 5% of glycerin, 1.5 c.c. of human ascites-fluid were added. VI. Ascites-glycerin-agar plate, forty-eight hours, at 37°. X 60. Superficial colonies. After pouring out the agar, blennorrheal pus was smeared upon it. The darker septa are pus (pushed together by the growing colonies); also the material at the periphery of the colonies. VII. Smear preparation from gonorrheal pus. X 1000. Stained with methylene-blue. VIII. Smear preparation from blennorrheal pus. X 1000. Stained with methylene-blue. A pus cell in which lie the micrococci, almost always in fours in capsules. The prep- aration contains a great many micrococci thus situated. IX. Smear preparation from blennorrheal pus. X 1000. Stained with methylene-blue and eosin. X. Micrococci, highly magnified, schematic. x. Tab. 10. ** Tab. 11. Lit/i. Anst JK ReJrfitwkl, Mimchen. PLATE ii. Micrococcus roseus. (Bumm.) Lehm. and Neum. (Diplococcus roseus Bumm.) I. Gelatin stab culture, twenty days at room tem- perature. II. Agar streak culture, thirty days at room tempera- ture. The white reflex on the right side is not always so marked. III. Agar stab culture, ten days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, ten days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Agar plate, twelve days at 22°. X 50. Above, a superficial; below, a deep colony. VI. Agar plate, fourteen days at 22°. X 50. More delicate structure. Above, a superficial; below, deep colonies. VII. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. X 50. Super ficial and deep colonies. IX. Potato culture. A culture of the Diploc. roseus, grown upon a culture of anthrax ; ten days at room tem- perature. X. Potato culture, twenty days at room temperature. XIII. Microscopic preparation, from three-days'-old agar culture. X 1000. The cocci are undergoing division. PLATE 12. Bacterium septicaemia hsemorrhagicae. Hiippe. (Chicken Cholera, Rabbit Septicemia, etc.) I. Gelatin stab culture, seven days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, seven days at 22°. III. Agar plate, five days at 22°. Natural size. IV. Agar plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. Compare also Plate 14, vi; Plate 17, vi; Plate 18, VII. V. Agar plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Deep colonies. VI. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. Natural size. VII. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 90. Deep colonies. VIII. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 90. Superficial colony. Compare also Plate 14, vm; Plate 17, i; Plate 16, vm; Plate 19, in, iv, vn. IX. Microscopic preparation. X 1000. Pure culture from agar plate. X. Single bacteria. Highly magnified. Schematic. X. Tab. 12. VIII Litti. Anst F. Reichhold, Mi'mchw Tab. 13. VIII L\ . ///A. Ansf. K ReuhhaUt. Mtitir/ten . PLATE 13. Bacterium pestis. Lehm. and Neum. I. Streak culture (ascites-glycerin-agar), three days at 37°. II. Streak culture (agar), forty-eight hours at 37°. (After a culture of Dr. Dieudonne, preserved with formalin.) The streak was made with the juice direct from a bubo. The transparent, dewdrop-like growth is characteristic. III. Stab culture (gelatin), six days at 22°. The growth consists of minute, waxy, markedly elevated colonies, which become confluent; also the same upon the gelatin plate (v, 6). IV. Plate culture (gelatin), six days at 22°. X 60. (a) Deep colony ; (b) superficial colony. V. Plate culture: (a) Glycerin-agar, three days at 37°. Natural size. Superficial colonies, (b) Gelatin, six days at 22°. Natural size. Superficial colonies. Compare what is said under Fig. III. VI. Plate culture (agar), forty-eight hours at 37°. X 60. Superficial colonies. They correspond to the dew- drop-like colony in the agar streak culture (n). (a) Younger, (b) older colonies. VII. Plate cultures, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 60. (a) Ordinary agar ~\ (6) Glycerin-agar >• Superficial colonies. (c) Ascites-glycerin-agar _) (d) Ascites-glycerin-agar, deep colony. The crumbly character of cultures after being cultivated in contrast to very fresh cultures is to be noted (compare VI). VIII. Microscopic preparation, three days at 37° on glyc- erin-agar. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. Involution forms. IX. Microscopic preparation: Smear from the juice of a bubo. X 1000. Stained with methylene-blue. (From a preparation of Dr. Dieudonne.) X. Microscopic preparation : (a) Ordinary agar, twenty-four hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. (6) Ordinary bouillon, twenty-four hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. PLATE 14. Bacterium acidi lactici. Hiippe. (Lactic Acid Bacillus.) I. Gelatin stab culture, five days at 22°. The stab canal in nature is somewhat whiter. II. Agar streak culture, five days at 22°. III. Agar stab culture, three days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, three days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Agar plate, three days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Agar plate, three days at 22°. X 50. Upper colony superficial; lower colonies deep. Compare also Plate 18, VII. VII. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. Natural size. VIII. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. X 50. Upper colony superficial, lower colonies deep. The superficial colonies may vary very much. Compare also Plate 16, vm, ix; Plate 17, i, ii ; Plate 19, iv, vii." IX. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from an agar colony. X 800. X. Potato culture, six days at 22°. The air-bubbles on the surface often cover it completely. Tab. 14. Mil. Litfi. Anst /•.' ReidilwLd, Mnrtchen. Tab. 15, Lilh. Anst.K Rtichtwld. Munclien. PLATE 15. Bacterium pneumonias. Friedlander. (Friedlander' s Pneumonia Bacillus.) I. Agar streak culture, four days at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at 22°. III. Agar stab culture, four days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, four days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Agar plate, two days at 22°. X 60. The brown whetstone-shaped colony is deep. VII. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 50. Upper, superficial ; lower, deep colony. VIII. Agar plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. The delicate gray colonies are deep; also the smallest colonies. One colony in the reproduction has turned out yellowish. IX. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from an agar plate. X 800. Stained with fuchsin. X. Microscopic preparation. Smear preparation from sputum. X 800. Stained with fuchsin. XI. Potato culture, six days. PLATE 16. Bacterium typhi. Eberth. Gaffky. (Typhoid Bacillus.) I. Agar stab culture, three days at 22°. Stab canal. II. Agar stab culture, three days at 22°. Surface growth. III. Gelatin stab culture, eight days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Gelatin stab culture, eight days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Agar streak culture, four days at 22°. Compare also Plate 18, in. VI. Gelatin streak culture, three days at 22°. Compare also Plate 18, n. VII. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. Deep colony. Compare also Plate 14, vin ; Plate 19, v. VIII. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. Superficial colony. Compare also Plate 14, vm; Plate 19, in. IX. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Superficial colony. Compare also Plate 19, iv, vii. Tab. 16. VIII l.iih.. Anstr Reujthatd. Tab. 17. },U/i. Anjft. t-'. Reichhnl.d . AJt'inrht'n. PLATE 17. Bacterium typhi. Eberth. Gaffky. (Typhoid Bacillus.) I. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. X 90. Superficial colony. Compare also Plate 19, vi, vii. II. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. X 150. Superfi- cial colony. III. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. IV. Agar plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. V. Agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Deep colo- nies. VI. Agar plate, four days at 20°. X 60. Superficial colony. VII. Potato culture, five days at 22°. VIII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar plate. X 1000. IX. Microscopic preparation. Bacilli with flagella. Copied after Frankel and Pf eiffer. ' ' Atlas der Bakterien- kunde, " Plate 54, in. X. Microscopic preparation. Long threads thickly beset with flagella. X 1500. Stained by Loffler's method. XI. Microscopic preparation of Bacterium typhi murium Loffler, with flagella and capsule. X 1500. Stained by Loffler's method. X. XI. PLATE 18. Bacterium coli (Escherich). L. and N. I. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at 22°. II. Gelatin streak culture, four days at 22°. In nature is transparent, resembling mother-of-pearl in iridescence. Compare also Plate 16, vi. III. Agar streak culture, four days at 22°. Compare also Plate 16, v. IV. Agar stab culture, two days at 22°. Stab canal. V. Agar stab culture, two days at 22°. Surface growth. VI. Agar pMe,fou.r days at 22°. X 60. Deep colo- nies. Compare also Plate 14, vi. VII. Agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Part of a superficial colony. May also occasionally present forms like the bacillus acidi lactici. Compare Plate 12, iv; Plate 14, vi ; Plate 17, vi. VIII. Agar plate, three days at 22°. Natural size. IX. Potato culture, five days at 22°. May also be paler or more deeply colored. X. Bacteria with long flagella of Bacterium brassicce acidce. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. XI. Bacterium of pigeon diphtheria surrounded by fla- gella. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. XII. Bacteria with one flagellum, rarely two flagella, of Bact. coli /5 unipolaris. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. X. XI. XII. Tab. 18. LUh.Anst P: Reichhold. Muucben . Tab. 19. n. in. n VIII Litfi. Anst F. ReicfiJwld, Munrhen . PLATE 19. Bacterium coli (Escherich). L. and N. I. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. X 60. Cultivated from pus. Deep colonies of abnormal form. II. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. III. Gelatin plate, one day at 22°. X 90. Superficial colony. Compare also Plate 14, vm ; Plate 16, viu. IV. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. Compare also Plate 16, ix; Plate 17, i, n. V. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Deep colo- nies. VI. Gelatin plate, ten days at 22°. X 90. Superficial colony. VII. Gelatin plate, ten days at 22°. X 90. Superficial colony. VIII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar plate. X 500. IX. Different varieties of coli bacteria. X 1000. Vari- able sizes. '•'.1*, IX. PLATE 20. Bacterium latericium. Adametz. I. Agar streak culture, seven days at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, fourteen days at 22°. III. Gelatin plate, seven days at 22°. X 60. To the right deep, to the left superficial colonies. IV. Potato culture, thirty days at 22°. Natural size. V. Agar plate, seven days at 22°. X 60. To the right a superficial, to the left a deep colony. VI. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on agar, twenty-four hours old. X about 800. Bacterium haemorrhagicum (Kolb). L. and N. (Morbus Werlhofii.) VII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from bouil- lon, three days old. (Copied after Kolb, A. G., Bd. vn, Plate n, Figs. 1 and 2.) VIII. Smear preparation from the liver of a dog. (Copied after Kolb, L c., Bd. vn, Plate in, Fig. 8.) Tab. 20. Ltth. Anst /.' ReidiJwld, Miinclien Tab. 21. PLATE 21. Bacterium prodigiosum (Ehrenb.). Lehm. and Neum. I. Gelatin stab culture, one day at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, four days at 22°. III. Agar stab culture, four days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, four days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Agar plate, from two to four days at 22°. Natural size. Colonies with and without color. VI. Agar plate, eight days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony reddish, deep one yellowish. VII. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony just beginning to sink in. VIII. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. Natural size. IX. Potato culture, eight days at 22°. Typical with metallic luster on the surface. X. Potato culture, eight days at 22°. Atypical white growth. XL Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar. X 800. Stained with fuchsin. XII. Bacteria with several flagella. X 1000. Stained according to LofHer. XII. PLATE 22. Bacterium kiliense (Breunig and Fischer). L. and N. (Kiel Water Bacillus.) I. Agar streak culture, four days at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, four days at 22°. No forma- tion of pigment. III. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. Natural size. Colonies with and without production of pigment. IV. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. V. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Deep colony. VI. Agar plate, five days at 22°. Natural size. Col- ored and uncolored, superficial and deep colonies. VII. Agar plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Colorless colonies. To the right, superficial ; to the left, deep. VIII. Agar plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Colored colo- nies. To the right, superficial ; to the left, deep. IX. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar plate. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. X. Potato culture, five days "at 22°. XI. Bacteria with several flagella. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. XI. Tab. 22. VIII Lith.Anst /-.' Reichlwld. Munchen . Tab. 23. Littt. Anst. F. Retchhold, Mnuchen . PLATE 23. Bacterium violaceum (J. Schroter). Lehm. and Neurn. I. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at ordinary temper- ature. II. Agar streak culture, six days at ordinary temper- ature. The white borders after a longer time become like- wise violet. III. Agar stab culture, seven days at ordinary temper- ature. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, seven days at ordinary temper- ature. Surface growth. V. Agar plate culture, four days at ordinary temper- ature. X 60. Superficial and deep colonies. Within the former is to be seen the original deeply located colony. VI. Agar plate culture, eight days at ordinary temper- ature. Natural size. The colonies often also become dark violet. VII. Gelatin plate culture. Natural size. Six days at ordinary temperature. The blue zones are not always so intensely colored. VIII. Gelatin plate culture, six days at ordinary temper- ature. X 60. The smaller colony lies near the surface, the larger is on the surface. IX. Microscopic preparation. X 700. From a five- days'-old agar culture. X. Potato culture, six days at ordinary temperature. XI. Bacteria with flagella. X 1000. Stained accord- ing to Loffler. XII. Bacteria with flagella. X 1000. From a culture from Sweden. XI. XII. PLATE 24. Bacterium pyocyaneum (Flugge). Lehm. and Neum. (Green Pus.) I. Gelatin stab culture, three days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, two days at 37°. III. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. X 60. Colonies located deeply and just below the surface, in young and older stages. IV. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Part of a superficial colony. V. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Agar plate, two days at 37°. Natural size. VII. Agar plate, two days at 37°. X 60. Above, superficial ; below, deep colonies. VIII. Potato culture, three days at 37°. Natural size. IX. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar plate. X 800. X. Bacteria with one, more rarely two polar flagella. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. X. Tab. 24. vni. Lit/i. Anst F Reicfihold, Mtwdien. Tab. 25. 'MIL Lith. Arist. F. Reichtwld, Miinfhen . PLATE 25. Bacterium fluorescens. Lehm. and Neum." (Bacillus fluorescens liquefaciens. Fliigge.) I. Gelatin stab culture, two days at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, eight days at 22°. III. Agar streak culture, three days at 22°. IV. Agar stab culture, four days at 22°. V. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. X 90. Part of a superficial colony. VI. Agar plate, twenty-four hours at 22°. X 60. (e) Superficial, (i) deep colonies. VII. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. Natural size. VIII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar plate. X 800. IX. Potato culture, four .days at 22°. Natural size. Compare also Plate 18, ix; Plate 26, v. X. Bacteria with flagella, usually one, more rarely two or more. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. X. PLATE 26. Bacterium putidum (Fliigge). Lehm. and Neum. Bac- terium fluorescens putidum Fliigge. (Bacterium fluorescens non-liquefaciens Autor.) I. Gelatin stab culture, three days at 22°. II. Gelatin plate, twenty-four hours at 22°. X 90. Superficial colony. Compare Plate 14, vm; Plate 19, in. III. Gelatin plate, twenty-four hours at 22°. X 90. Deep colony. IV. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. Ap- pearance of colonies upon a dark background. V. Potato culture, four days at 22°. Natural size. Compare also Plate 18, ix. VI. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from gela- tin plate. X 800. Upon agar, threads are usually pro- duced. VII. Agar plate, eight days at 22°. Natural size. Ap- pearance of the colonies upon a white background. VIII. Agar plate, three days at 22°. X 60. (e) Super- ficial, (i) deep colonies. IX. Bacteria with one, more rarely two flagella. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. IX. Tab. 26. Tab. 27. Litfi. Anst /•: Rtichtwld, AtiinrJiefi. PLATE 27. Bacterium syncyaneum (Ehrenb.). Lehm. and Neum. (Bac. cyanogenes Fliigge ; Blue Milk.) I-III. Gelatin stab cultures, from six to ten days at 22°. There occur still other shades of color. IV. Agar stab culture, ten days at 37°. V. Bouillon culture, four days at 37°. VI. Milk culture, three days at 37°. Inoculated upon unsterilized milk. VII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar plate. X 800. VIII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture. Flagella staining with Loffler's mordant. X 800. IX. Bacteria with flagella, one or more at one pole. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. IX. PLATE 28. Bacterium syncyaneum (Ehrenb.). Lehm. and Neum. (Bac. cyanogenes Fliigge ; Blue Milk.) I— III. Potato cultures, from three to ten days at 22°. Many varieties of potato inoculated with the same culture. The differences in colors may be still more numerous. IV. Agar plate, three days at 22°. Natural size. V. Agar plate, three days at 22°. Xt60. To the right, deep ; to the left, superficial colonies. VI. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. Natural size. VII. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. Natural size. Appearance of colonies upon a white background. VIII. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. Above, superficial ; below, deep colonies. Tab. 28. vm. Tab. 29. • VIII Lith. Anst. K ReitMwld . Miinchen. PLATE 29. Bacterium Zopfii. Kurth. .1. Gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, thirty-six hours at 37°. It is actually a grayish color and transparent. III. Agar stab culture, six days at 22°. Stab. IV. Agar stab culture, six days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Gelatin plate, seven days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. Natural size. VII. Gelatin plate, twenty-four hours at 22°. X 90. Thread-like portion of the deep colony. VIII. Gelatin plate, twenty-four hours at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. Compare Plate 31, vn; Plate 32, vm. PLATE 30. Bacterium Zopfii. Kurth. I. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. X 90. Periph- eral portion of a colony. II. Microscopic preparation. X 1000. Pure culture, from agar plate, stained with fuchsin. III. Agar plate, four days at 22°. Deep colony. IV. Agar plate, twenty-four hours at 37°, Natural size. V. Agar plate, twelve hours at 37°. Deep and super- ficial colony. VI. Agar plate, twenty-four hours at 37°. X 60. Su- perficial colony, surrounded by innumerable bacteria swarming outward. VII. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. Sausage-shaped forms of the deep colony. IX. Bacteria with numerous flagella. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. IX. Tab. 30. VI VII Lith.Atist P. ReicMold, Tab 31. PLATE 31. Bacterium vulgare (Hauser). Lehm. and Neum. (Pro- teus vulgaris Hauser.) I. Gelatin stab culture, twenty-four hours at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, thirty-six hours at 22°. III. Agar plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. Natural size. IV. Agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Above, super- ficial; below, deep colonies. V. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. Natural size. VI. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. X 60. To the right, superficial ; to the left, deep colonies. The lower, approaching the surface, begins to liquefy. VII. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. Deep colony. Zooglea form, similar to the Bact. Zopfii. VIII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture upon agar. X 800. Stained with fuchsin. IX. Bacteria with very numerous flagella. X 1000. IX. PLATE 32. Bacterium vulgare 0 mirabilis (Hauser). L. and N. (Proteus mirabilis Hauser.) I. Agar stab culture, two days at 22°. Stab canal. II. Agar stab culture, two days at 22°. Surface growth. III. Gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. IV. Agar streak culture, two days at 22°. V. Agar plate, seven days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Agar plate, seven days at 22°. X 60. Above, su- perficial; below, deep colony. VII. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. X 60. Deep colo- nies. VIII. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. IX. Potato culture, eight days at 22°. Natural size. X. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on agar two days old. X 800. Tab. 32. vn vm LiUi. Anst. /•: Reichlwld, Miuichen . Tab. 33. /• VII VI Lith. Antt K Rpithhohl. Munch fn . PLATE 33. Bacterium erysipelatos suum. Migula. (Swine Erysipelas.) I. Gelatin stab culture, five days at 22°. Bacterium murisepticum. Migula. (Mouse Septicemia.) II. Agar streak culture, four days at 22°. III. Gelatin stab culture, four days at 22°. IV. Agar stab culture, four days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. VII. Agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. To the right, superficial ; to the left, deep colony. VIII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on agar two days old. X 800. IX. Microscopic preparation. Smear preparation from the blood of a mouse's spleen. X 800. PLATE 34- Bacillus anthracis. F. Cohn and K. Koch. (Splenic Fever.) I-V. Gelatin stab cultures, three days at 22°. Figures I and ii are typical ; the others, atypical. VI. Agar streak culture, two days at 22°. VII. Agar stab culture, five days at 22°. Stab canal. VIII. Agar stab culture, five days at 22°. Surface growth, which is atypical. IX. Agar stab culture, five days at 22°. Surface growth typical ; often also is homogeneous whitish-gray. Tab. 34 VI VII . LUtv. Anst K Heictdwld, Tab. 35. *< r Nil i,itfi: Anxt /•: Reichhold, Mini Hi en PLATE 35- Bacillus anthracis. F. Cohn and R. Koch. (Splenic Fever.) I. Agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. To the left, a superficial colony; to the right, a colony directly below the surface ; below, a deep colony. II. Agar plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. III. Agar plate, thirty-six hours at 37°. X 150. Sur- face growth. Peripheral part of a streak culture. IV. Agar plate, thirty-six hours at 37°. X 150. Deep colony. V. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. Super- ficial colony at the time of sinking in. VII. Potato culture, six days at 22°. Natural size. PLATE 36. Bacillus anthracis. F. Cohn and R. Koch. (Splenic Fever.) I. Smear preparation from the blood of the spleen of a mouse. X 1000. II. Contact preparation of an agar plate culture, one day at 22°. X 1000. III. Unstained preparation in hanging drop from a 'bouil- lon culture, thirty-six hours at 37°. X 1000. Spores begin already to escape. IV. Anthrax threads from agar, thirty-six hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with ZiehTs solution; spores red, bacilli blue. V. Involution forms. Five-weeks'-old agar stab cul- ture, stained with fuchsin. X 1000. VI. Unstained preparation in hanging drop from a bouil- lon culture, eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Beginning of spore-formation. Tab. 36. Lifh.Arixt /'.' Reichlwtd. Munchen. Tab. 37. LUh. Anst. K ReicMiold, Uiiiuhen . PLATE 37. Bacillus mycoides. Fliigge. (Root Bacillus.) I. Gelatin stab culture, four days at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, fourteen days at 22°. III. Agar streak culture, two days at 22°. IV. Agar stab culture, eight days at 22°. Stab canal. V. Agar stab culture, eight days at 22°. Surface growth. VI. Gelatin plate, one day at 22°. Natural size. VII. Agar plate, one day at 22°. Natural size. VIII. Agar plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. IX. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. The colony is at the point of sinking in. PLATE 38. Bacillus mycoides. Fliigge. (Root Bacillus.) I. Agar plate, one day at 22°. X 20. Superficial and deep colony. II. Potato culture, seven days at 22°. Natural size. III. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture, twenty- four hours old, on agar. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. A few bacilli contain spores. IV. Agar plate, one day at 22°. X 100. Part of a superficial colony. Bacillus butyricus. Hiippe. (Butyric Acid Bacillus.) V. Potato culture, three days at 22°. VI. Gelatin plate, one day at 22°. X 60. Above, su- perficial ; below, deep colonies. VII. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. X 60. Part of a superficial colony. VII A. Flagella preparation. X 1000. Stained accord- ing to Loffler. VII A. Bacillus vulgatus. Migula. (B. mesentericus vulgatus Fliigge. Potato Bacillus.) VIII. Potato culture, five days at 22°. IX. Potato culture, five days at 22°. Natural size. Both forms of growth occur. Tab. 38. IV. VII. Tab. 39. Mil . PLATE 39- Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg). F. Cohn. (Hay Bacillus.) I. Gelatin stab culture, thirty-six hours at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, eight days at 22°. III. Agar streak culture, two days at 37°. IV. Agar stab culture, two days at 37°. Stab canal. V. Agar stab culture, two days at 37°. Surface growth. VI. Agar plate, twelve hours at 37°. X 60. Super- ficial colony. VII. Agar plate, twelve hours at 37°. X 60. Deep colony. VIII. Agar plate, twelve hours at 37°. Natural size. PLATE 40. Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg). F. Cohn. (Hay Bacillus.) I. Potato culture, seven days at 22°. II. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. X 60. Above and to the left, a deep colony ; below this, one lying directly at the surface ; to the right, a superficial colony. III. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. Natural size. IV. Gelatin plate, two days &t 22°. X 10. V. Microscopic preparation. X 1000. From an agar culture three hours old at 37°, stained with fuchsin. VI. Microscopic preparation. Bacilli with flagella, after Fischer. Very highly magnified. VII. Microscopic preparation. X 1000. From an agar culture, ten days at 22°. Contains spores. Unstained. VIII. Microscopic preparation. X 700. From an agar culture, ten days at 22°. Double stain with carbol-fuchsin and methylene-blue. IX. Bacilli with numerous flagella. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. IX. Tab. 40. vnj. Ltfh. Anst K Reic/Uiokl, Motif h?n . Tab. 41. vn. V11I. K ReiduioUi . Uiinthfn, PLATE 41. Bacillus megatherium. De Bary. I. Gelatin stab culture, twenty-four hours at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, three days at 22°. III. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. Natural size. IV. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. X 60. Deep colony. V. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. X 60. Su- perficial colony. VI. Agar plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. VII. Agar plate, one day at 22°. X 60. To the right, superficial ; to the left, deep colonies. VIII. Agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. To the right, deep; to the left, superficial colonies. IX. Potato culture, five days at 22°. Natural size. X. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on agar. X 800. XI. Bacilli with numerous flagella. X 1000. Stained according to LofBer. XI. PLATE 42. Bacillus vulgatus. Migula. (B. mesentericus vulgatus Fliigge. Potato Bacillus.) I. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, ten days at 22°. III. Agar stab culture, six days at 22°. Surface growth. IV. Agar plate, six days at 22°. Natural size. V. Agar plate, six days at 22°. X 60. Deep colonies. VI. Agar plate, six days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. VII. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. VIII. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. superficial colony. IX. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. superficial colony. X. Potato culture, five days at 22°. XI. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar, one day old. X 800. Stained with fuchsin. XII. Bacilli with numerous flagella. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. Natural size. X 60. Part of a X 150. Part of a Natural size. XII. Tab. 42. Tab. 43. VII . XII LUh. A/isf /:' KeidihoUt. Miuichen . PLATE 43- Bacillus mesentericus. Lehm. and Neum. (B. mesen- tericus fuscus Fliigge.) I. Gelatin stab culture, two days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, three days at 22°. III. Potato culture, one day at 22°. Natural size. IV. Potato culture, five days at 22°. Natural size. V. Agar plate, two days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Agar stab culture, four days at 22°. Surface growth. VII. Agar plate, two days at 22°. X 60. Above, super- ficial ; below, deep colonies. VIII. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. X 60. Deep colonies. IX. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. X 60. Su- perficial colony. X. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. Natural size. XI. Gelatin plate, one day at 22°. X 60. To the right, deep ; to the left, superficial colonies. XII. Microscopic preparation. X 800. From a pure culture on agar two days old. Stained with fuchsin. Some bacilli contain spores. XIII. Bacilli with numerous fiagella. X 1000. Stained by Loffler's method. XIII. Bacillus tetani. PLATE 44. Nicolaier. (Tetanus Bacillus.) I. Sugar-agar stab culture, three days at 37°. II. Sugar-gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. III. Sugar-gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Grown without air. IV. Sugar-gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Nat- ural size. Superficial and deep colonies. Grown without air. V. Sugar-agar plate, four days at 37°. Natural size. Grown without air. VI. Sugar-agar plate, four days at 37°. X 60. Super- ficial and deep colonies. Grown without air. VII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on sugar- agar, three days at 37°. X 1000. Bacilli with spores. Double staining according to Ziehl. VIII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on sugar- agar, two days at 37°. X 1000. Some bacilli contain spores. Stained with fuchsin. IX. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on sugar- agar, twenty-four hours at 37°. X 1000. Extremely long threads with faintly stained intervals. X. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on sugar- agar, six days at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. Long threads and chains of spores with faintly stained inter- vals. XI. Microscopic preparation. Flagella staining. Highly magnified. XI. Tab. 44. tk£ V - Lith,. Aasf. /.' fieitiuwlil, Mi inch en . Tab. 45. VIII PLATE 45- Bacillus Chauvoei. Mac6. (Symptomatic Anthrax.) I. Sugar-gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. II. Sugar-agar stab culture, three days at 37°. III. Sugar-agar stab culture, three weeks at 37°. IV. Sugar-agar plate, four days at 37°. Natural size. Grown as anaerobe. V. Sugar-agar plate, four days at 37°. X 60. Super- ficial and deep colony. Grown as anaerobe. VI. Sugar-gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. Grown as anaerobe. VII. Sugar-gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Deep colony, grown as anaerobe. VIII. Sugar-gelatin plate, two days at 22°. X 150. Part of a superficial colony. Grown as anaerobe. IX. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on sugar- agar, three days at 37°. X 1000. Bacilli with spores and free spores. Stained with fuchsin. PLATE 46. Bacillus oedematis maligni. Koch. (Malignant Edema.) I. Sugar-agar stab culture, eight days at 37°. II. Microscopic preparation. Tuft of flagella. X about 1500. Copied from G. Novy (" Zeitschrift f. Hygiene, " Bd. xvn, Taf. 1,2). III. Microscopic -preparation. Bacilli with flagella. Pure culture on agar, twenty-four hours old. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. IV. Sugar-agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Part of a superficial colony. V. Sugar agar plate, six days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on agar, two days old at 37°. Bacilli with spores. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. VII. Microscopic preparation. Tissue-juice from guinea-pig. Smear preparation. Copied after Frankel and Pfeiffer (Mikrophotogr. Atlas, Taf. xxm, 46). Tab. 46. Ltifi. Anst /.' Reich tiohi. Miinrhcn . Tab. 47. Litfi.Anst K ReicMwUI. Aliiiu-heti PLATE 47- Vibrio cholerae. (Koch.) Buchner. (Comma Bacillus.) I. Gelatin stab culture, two days at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, seven days at 22°. III. Gelatin stab culture, eight days at 22°. Culture from a case of cholera asiatica in Hanover. IV. Gelatin stab culture, eight days at 22°. V. Agar streak culture, eleven days at 22°. VI. Agar stab culture, eight days at 22°. Stab canal. VII. Agar stab culture, eight days at 22°. Surface growth. VIII. Agar plate, six days at 22°. Natural size. IX. Agar plate, six days at 22°. Culture from a case of cholera asiatica in Hanover. PLATE 48. Vibrio choleras. (Koch.) Buchner. (Comma Bacillus.) I. 'Agar plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. X 60. To the left superficial, to the right deep colonies. II. Agar plate, two days at 22°. X 60. To the left superficial, to the right deep colonies. III. Agar plate, three days at 22°. X 60. To the left superficial, to the right deep colonies. IV. Agar plate, three weeks at 22°. X 60. To the left superficial, to the right deep colonies. V. Agar plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Colonies of a culture of cholera asiatica from Hanover. Superficial and deep colonies. VI. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Natural size. Deeply sunken funnels of liquefaction. VII. Gelatin plate, fourteen days at 22°. Natural size. Colony with a pronounced formation of zones. VIII. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. Shallow zones of liquefaction. IX. Gelatin plate, six days at 22°. Superficial sinking in of colonies with concentric zones of liquefaction. Tab. 48. VIII . Lith. Arist K ReicMwld. Muiifhen. Tab. 49. I. IV. VI VIII. Lith. Anst /•: ReicMwld. Miinchen. PLATE 49. Vibrio choleras. (Koch.) Buchner. (Comma Bacillus.) I. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. X 60. Deep and superficial colonies. II. Gelatin plate, forty-eight hours at 22°. X 60. To the left superficial, to the right deep colonies. III. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. Superfi- cial colonies with zone of liquefaction. IV. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. Deep colonies. V. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony with zone of liquefaction. VI. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Deep colony. VII. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Deep colony from a culture of cholera from Hanover. VIII. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Superfi- cial colony. Complete liquefaction has already taken place. IX. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. X 60. Superfi- cial colony with zone of liquefaction. PLATE 50. Vibrio cholerae. (Koch.) Buchner. (Comma Bacillus.) I. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Abnormal form of superficial colony. II. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 90. Abnormal form of superficial colony. III. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. X 60. Deeply sunken superficial colony with a strongly reflecting zone of liquefaction. ' IV. Gelatin plate, six days at 22°. X 60. Abnormal superficial colony, with dense nucleus, evenly sunken in and with a zone of liquefaction. V. Gelatin plate, six days at 22°. X 60. Abnormal deep colony, without halo, dark, with radiating striations, from the same plate as iv. VI. Potato culture, two days at 22°. Natural size. Soaked in soda solution before inoculation. VII. Potato culture, five days at 22°. Inoculated upon ordinary potato. Tab. 50. LUh. Anst F. Heichhold. Miinchen Tab. 51. Litli.. Ansl. /.' Reichlwld. Miinclien . PLATE 51. Vibrio choleras. (Koch.) Buchner. (Comma Bacillus.) I. Pure culture in bouillon, twenty-four hours at 37°. Stained with fuchsin. X 1000. IT. Pure culture on agar, twenty-four hours. X 1000. Flagella staining according to Loffler. III. Pure culture on gelatin, forty-eight hours. Very fresh from water. (Copied from Frankel and Pfeiffer, Fig. 94.) IV. Pure culture on agar, four weeks' old. Involution forms, stained with fuchsin. V. Vibrio Metschnikovii Gamaleia. Smear prepa- ration from pigeon's blood. (Copied after Frankel and Pfeiffer, Fig. 102.) VI. Vibrio Proteus Buchner. Pure culture in bouil- lon, twenty-four hours. Stained with fuchsin. PLATE 52. Vibrio proteus. Buchner. (Vibrio Finkler.) I. Gelatin stab culture, one day at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, four days at 22°. III. Gelatin plate, one day at 22°. Natural size. IV. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. V. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Deep colony. VI. Agar streak culture, six days at 22°. VII. Agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. VIII. Agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Deep colony. IX. Agar plate, four days at "22°. Natural size. Tab. 52. Lith,. Arust K Reuchtutid, Muncheu. Tab. 53. vi i 5>»yi cst&ili IX. VI Lith.Anst A' ReicJih oUl . Mtuidien PLATE 53. Vibrio danubicus Heider, Vibrio berolinensis Rubner, Vibrio aquatilis Giinther. I. Vibrio danubicus: Gelatin stab culture, three days at 22°. II. Vibrio aquatilis: Gelatin stab culture, three days at 22°. III. Vibrio danubicus: Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. To the right superficial, to the left deep colony. IV. Vibrio danubicus: Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on agar, twenty-four hours. Stained with fuchsin. X 800. V. Vibrio berolinensis: Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. To the right superficial, to the left deep colony. VI. Vibrio berolinensis: Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar,. twenty-four hours. X 800. Stained with fuchsin. VII. Vibrio aquatilis: Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. Deep colonies, swarming outward from one point forming secondary ones. VIII. Vibrio aquatilis: Microscopic preparation. Pure culture on agar, twenty-four hours at 22°. X 800. Stained with fuchsin. IX. Vibrio aquatilis: Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. To the right superficial, to the left deep colony. PLATE 54. Vibrio albensis. Lehm. and Neum. (Phosphorescent Elbe Vibrio.) I. Gelatin stab culture, twenty-four hours at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, four days at 22°. III. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at 22°. IV. Indol reaction after ten days. Bouillon culture with dilute sulphuric acid, warmed. V. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. Super- ficial colony. VI. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. Deep colonies. VII. Gelatin plate, thirty-six hours at 22°. Natural size. VIII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from agar, forty-eight hours. Stained with fuchsin. Tab. 54. viu. Litfi. Anst f.' Reictihold, Munrhw . Tab. 55 VIII Lilh. Anst fJ fteichjiold, Mtincheti. PLATE 55. Spirillum rubrum. Von Esmarch. I. Agar stab culture, ten days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, twenty da*ys at 22°. III. Agar plate, five days at 22°. X 60. (e) Super- ficial, (i) deep colonies. IV. Gelatin plate, seven days at 22°. X 60. (e) Su- perficial, (i) deep colonies. V. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture from bouil- lon, diluted ten times; two days at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. V A. Flagella preparation of spirillum rubrum. X 1000. Stained according to Loffler. V A. Spirillum concentricum. Kitasato. VI. Agar plate, seven days at 22°. X 60. (e) Super- ficial, (i) deep colonies. VII. Gelatin plate, three days at 22°. X 60. (e) Super- ficial, (i) deep colonies. VIII. Agar plate, seven days at 22°. Natural size. IX. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture in bouillon, two days at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. PLATE 56. Spirilla. I. Spirillum serpens Miiller. With difficulty stain- ing protoplasmic border. X about 1000. Stained with fuchsin. Copied after Zettnow (C. B. x, Taf. 5). II. Spirilla from Nasal Mucus. Smear preparation with two cells. X about 1000. Copied after Weibel (C. B. n, p. 468, Fig. 1). III. Spirilla from Nasal Mucus. Agar plate. Pure culture. X about 1000. (Copied C. B. n, p. 468, Fig. 2.) IV. Spirilla from Nasal Mucus. Gelatin plate. Pure culture. X about 1000. (Copied C. B. n, p. 468, Fig. 3.) V. Spirillum undula Miiller. With flagella. X about 800. Copied after Loffler (C. B. vi, Taf. I, Fig. 2). VI. Vibrio spermatozoides Loffler. X about 1000. Copied after Loffler (C. B. vn, Taf. m, Fig. 7). VII. Spirochsete from Mucus of the Mouth. (Copied after Loffler: Bakterien, Taf. i, Fig. 4.) VIII. Spirochsete Obermeieri Cohn. Smear prepara- tion from human blood. (Copied after Frankel and Pfeif- fer, Atlas, No. 134.) IX. Spirilla of relapsing fever. Human blood. Spi- rilla grouped in the form of a star. (Copied after M. J. Sou- dakewitsch: Annales de Tinstit. Pasteur, Bd. v, 1891, p. 514, plate 14, Fig. 1.) Tab 56. o u -XlL^ i :' Reichhold. Mwidien. Tab 57 L. Afisl. /.' ReicMwld, Afunrhen . PLATE 57. Corynebacterium mallei. (Loffler.) L. and N. (Glanders.) I. Gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, six days at 37°. The central whitish streak is not always so pronounced. III. Agar stab culture, three days at 37°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, three days at 37°. Surface growth. V. Gelatin plate, five days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture. X 800. Stained with fuchsin. VII. Agar plate, two days at 22°. X 60. Upper, super- ficial; lower, deep colonies. VIII. Gelatin plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Upper colony superficial, lower ones deep. IX. Potato culture, two days at 37°. X. Potato culture, twenty days at 37°. XI. Single bacteria. Highly magnified. In many places the stain is taken poorly or not at all. XL XII. Glycerin-agar plate. Microscopic preparation. X 1200. Branching and formation of clubs. XII. PLATE 58. Corynebacterium diphtherias. (Klebs, Loffler.) L. and N. Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum. (Hofmann- Wellenhof.) Lehm. and Neum. Corynebacterium xerosis. (Kuschbert, Neisser.) Lehm. and Neum. I. Coryneb. diphtheriae. Glycerin-agar streak culture, three days at 37°. Luxuriant growth ; culture moist. II. Coryneb. diphtheriae. Glycerin-agar streak culture, three days at 37°. Delicate growth. III. Coryneb. pseudodiphtherit. Glycerin-agar streak culture, three days at 37°. Luxuriant growth, culture moist. IV. Coryneb. xerosis. Glycerin-agar streak culture, three days at 37°. Delicate growth; growth dry and dull. V. Coryneb. pseudodiphtherit. Glycerin-agar stab culture. Surface growth, ten days at 37°. The culture is reproduced on account of its atypical brown color. VI. Coryneb. diphtherias. Gelatin stab culture. Surface growth, ten days at 22°. The color fluctuates from white to dirty yellowish. VII. Coryneb. diphtheriae : (a) Glycerin-agar plate. Colonies upon the surface, three days at 37°. Luxuriant growth. The same culture as I. (b) Glycerin-agar plate. Colonies upon the surface, three days at 37°. Delicate growth. The same culture as VIII a. Coryneb. pseudodiphtherit. Glycerin-agar plate. Colo- nies lying upon the surface, three days at 37°. Natural size. Luxuriant growth. Answers to culture III. VIII b. Coryneb. xerosis. Glycerin-agar plate. Colonies lying upon the surface, three days at 37°. Natural size. Dry, dull growth. Answers to culture IV. VIII c. Coryneb. xerosis. Glycerin-agar plate. Colonies lying upon the surface, three days at 37°. Natural size. Delicate growth. Sometimes it may be still more delicate. IX. Coryneb. diphtheriae. Potato culture, ten days at 22°. The growth is typical, like a delicate veil, which in many places leaves no trace on the potato. X. Coryneb. pseudodiphtherit. Potato culture, ten days at 22°. The growth is sharply outlined, white to dirty yellowish, Natural Tab. 58. Tab. 59. ;«*#' ^•F — — m. - VTl. PLATE 59. Corynebacterium diphtherias. (Klebs, Loffler.) L. and N. Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum. (Hofmann- Wellenhof.) Lehm. and Neum. Corynebacterium xerosis. (Kuschbert, Neisser.) Lehm. and Neum. I. Coryneb. diphtherias. Plate cultures (Ascites- fluid-agar and glycerin-agar). X 60. Superficial colo- nies, twenty-four hours at 37°. Cultures of different origin. II. Coryneb. diphtherias. Plate culture (glycerin- agar). X 60. Superficial colonies, forty-eight hours at 37°. The same culture as I, g, h. III. Coryneb. diphtherias. Plate culture (ascites- fluid-agar). X 60. Superficial colony, five days at 37°. The same culture as I, c, e, and Plate 58, n. IV. Coryneb. pseudodiphtherit. Plate culture (gly- cerin-agar). X 60. Superficial colonies, forty-eight hours at 37°. The same culture as Plate 58, m. V. Coryneb. xerosis. Plate culture (glycerin-agar). X 60. Superficial colony, forty-eight hours, at 37°. Dry, dull, and very opaque. The same culture as Plate 58, iv, vin b. VI. Coryneb. diphtherias. Plate culture (ascites- fluid-agar). X 60. Superficial colonies, forty-eight hours at 37°. The same culture as I, /, I, and Plate 58, i, vn a. VII. Coryneb. diphtherias. Plate culture. The same as VI, but ten days old. VIII. Coryneb. xerosis. Plate culture (glycerin-agar). X 60. Superficial colonies, forty-eight hours at 37°. The same culture as Plate 58, viu c. PLATE 60. Corynebacterium diphtherise (Klebs, Loftier). L. and N. Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum. (Hofmann- Wellenhof.) Lehm. and Neum. Corynebacterium xerosis (Kuschbert, Neisser). Lehm. and Neum. I. Coryneb. diphtherise. Glycerin-agar, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. Corresponds to Plate 58, u, vn b; and Plate 59, n. II. Coryneb. diphtherise. Glycerin-agar, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. Corresponds to Plate 58, i, vn a; and Plate 59, vi. III. Coryneb. diphtherise. Glycerin-agar, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. IV. Coryneb. diphtherise. Glycerin-agar, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. V. Coryneb. pseudodiphtherit. Glycerin-agar, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. VI. Coryneb. pseudodiphtherit. Glycerin-agar, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. 'Corresponds to Plate 58, in, vin a; Plate 59, i, iv. VII. Coryneb. xerosis. Glycerin-agar, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. Corresponds to Plate 58, iv, vin b ; and Plate 59, v. VIII. Coryneb. xerosis. Glycerin-agar, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. IX. Coryneb. xerosis. Glycerin-agar, forty-eight hours at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. Corresponds to Plate 58, vm c. X. Coryneb. diphtherise. Bovine blood-serum, solidified at 100°, eighteen hours at 35°. X 1000. Staining of Neisser's gran- ules. The polar staining is characteristic. Corresponds to figure i. XI. Coryneb. pseudodiphtherit. Bovine blood-serum, solidified at 100°, eighteen hours at 35°. X'lOOO. Staining of Neisser's granules. These occur also in many varieties of pseudodiphtheria, but not with such regularity at both poles. XII. Coryneb. diphtherise. Glycerin-agar, four days at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. True branching. XIII. Coryneb. diphtheriae. Single organisms, highly magnified, schematic. XIII. Tab. 60. vii . vni Afusf. t: ReicMwLd, Miindwn. PLATE 61. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Koch). Lehm. and Neum. (Tubercle Bacillus.) I. Glycerin-agar streak culture, fourteen days at 37°. II. Glycerin-agar streak culture, forty days at 37°. III. Potato culture, forty days at 37°. IV. Colonies of tubercle bacilli from a blood-serum cul- ture. X 700. (Copied after R. Koch, Aetiologie der Tuber- kulose. Mitteilungen des Kaiserl. Gesundheitsamt, Bd. 2, Taf . ix, 44.) V. Culture, upon blood-serum, from a piece of a freshly extirpated scrofulous gland. (Copied like the above, Bd. 2, Taf. ix, 44.) VI. Giant cell with radially arranged bacilli. From a caseous bronchial gland in a case of miliary tuberculosis. (Copied like above, Bd. 2, Taf. n, 9.) VII. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture, stained according to Ziehl. X 100Q. VIII. Branching of tubercle bacilli. (Copied after Hayo Bruns, C. B. xvii, No. 23.) IX. Microscopic preparation. Sputum, stained accord- ing to Ziehl. X 1000. X. Single bacteria, highly magnified. X. PLATE 62. Mycobacterium leprae. (Arm. Hansen.) Lehm. and Neura. I. Giant cell from a leprous ulcer of the epiglottis. X about 1000. Stained according to Rusell. (Copied from Seifert and Kahn, Atlas der Histopathologie der Nase, 1875, Taf. 38, Fig. 75 b.) II. Transverse section of a blood-vessel in a leprous tes- ticle. Bacilli in endothelium and in a white blood-corpus- cle. Stained by Gram's method, Bismarck brown, eosin, oil of bergamot. X about 1000. (Copied as No. in, fig. v.) III. Ulnar nerve, longitudinal section, stained like above. (Copied from Lie, pathologische Anatomie der Lepra; Archiv fur Dermatologie und Syphilis, Bd. xxix, 1895, Taf. vi, Fig. vn.) IV. Smear preparation from nasal mucus. Stained by method for tubercle bacillus. From a preparation of Dr. Dieudonne. X 1000. Mycobacterium tuberculosis r piscicola. L. and N. V. Streak culture (glycerin-agar), one month old at 22°. VI. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), ten days at 22°. Natural size. Superficial colonies. VII. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), six days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. The dark shadows and bright lights represent the strong reflection of the cartilaginous colony. VIII. Potato culture, fourteen days at 22°. Sometimes also more homogeneous upon the surface. IX. Microscopic preparation. Stained by the method for the tubercle bacillus. X 1000. Tab 62. Lit/i. Anst /.' ReLdihuid, Mi indie n . Tab 63. PLATE 63. Mycobacterium lacticola /? perrugosum. L. and N. I. Streak culture (glycerin-agar), two months old; three days at 37°, then at 22°. Much elevated and wrinkled. II. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), six days at 37°. X 60. Superficial colony. . III. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), forty-eight hours at 37°. X 60. Superficial colony. IV. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), three days at 37°. Natural size. Superficial colonies. Later the same were larger, more wrinkled, and reddish. V. Potato culture, six days at 22°. Later the same became still more wrinkled. VI. Microscopic preparation. Glycerin-agar: (a) Three days at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. (b) Two months at 22°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. VII. Microscopic preparation. Smear from the perito- neal fluid of a guinea-pig, inoculated with butter. X 1000. Stained with tubercle bacillus stain. (From a preparation of Dr. Dieudonne.) Mycobacterium phlei. Lehm. and Neum. VIII. Streak culture (glycerin-agar), eight days at 22°. The culture at first is pale orange ; later, it becomes darker and wrinkled. IX. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), three days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. X. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), eight days at 22°. X 60. Superficial colony. XI. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), eight days at 22°. Natural size. Superficial colonies. XII. Microscopic preparation. Glycerin-agar: (a) Three days at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. (b) Two months at 22°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. PLATE 64. Mycobacterium lacticola a planum. L. and N. I. Streak culture (ordinary agar), two months at 22°. II. Streak culture (glycerin-agar), six days at 37°. III. Streak culture (glycerin-agar), three months at 22°. The culture at first is whitish; later, it becomes very in- tensely orange-red. IV. Streak culture (gelatin), six days at 22°. V. Potato culture, six days at 22°. Its appearance varies widely. Sometimes it is lighter, sometimes darker, sometimes moister, sometimes drier, sometimes smooth, sometimes wrinkled. VI. Plate culture (gelatin), six days at 22°. X 60. (a) Superficial colony, resembling the colon ; (b) deep colony. VII. Plate culture (gelatin), six days at 22°. Natural size. VIII. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), three days at 37°. X 60. Superficial colony. IX. Plate culture (glycerin-agar), three days at 37°. Natural size. X. Microscopic preparation. Glycerin-agar, three days. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. The size of the rods scarcely varies in very old cultures. There as here are found small and large, slender and thick rods. Tab. 64. IX. Lith. Anst. /•' ftetcfitiold. Munrhen. Tab. 65. Ml. LUh.Anst F Reictitwld, MiincJu' PLATE 65. Actinomyces bo vis. Harz. I. Agar streak culture, six days at 37°. II. Agar streak culture, thirty days at 37°. III. Gelatin stab culture, fourteen days at 22°. IV. Gelatin plate, six days at 22°. Natural size. V. Agar plate, six days at 37°. Natural size. VI. Agar plate, six days at 37°. X 60. Superficial and deep colony. VII. Gelatin plate, six days at 22°. X 60. Superficial and deep colony. VIII. Potato culture, ten days at 37°. Natural size. IX. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture in bouillon, three days at 37°. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. PLATE 66. Actinomyces farcinicus. (Nocard.) Gasperini. (Farcin du boeuf.) I. Agar streak culture, eight days at 22°. II. Gelatin stab culture, twelve days at 22°. III. Agar stab culture, eight days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, eight days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Gelatin plate, ten days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Gelatin plate, ten days at 22°. X 60. Superficial and deep colonies which are similar. VII. Agar plate, six days at 22°. Natural size. VIII. Agar plate, eight days at 22°. Upper colony super- ficial, lower ones deep. IX. Potato culture, seven days at 22°. Natural size. X. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture in bouillon, two days. X 800. Stained with f uchsin. Tab. 66. l.ith. Anst. /••' Rpjuchhtild. Muurlien . Tab. 67. Lilti. Anst /: ReicJiJwirt, Miuichen . PLATE 67. Actinomyces chromogenes. Gasperini. I. Gelatin stab culture, six days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, six days at 22°. III. Agar stab culture, six days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, six days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. Natural size. Appearance upon white background. VI. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. Natural size. Ap- pearance upon dark background. VII. Gelatin plate, eight days at 22°. X 60. Part of a superficial colony. VIII. Agar plate, four days at 22°. X 60. Superficial and deep colony. IX. Potato culture, three days at 22°. Natural size. X. Microscopic preparation. Pure culture in bouillon, three days at 22°. X about 1000. Stained with f uchsin. PLATE 68. Varia. I. Bacterium tussis convulsivse L. and N. From mucus, coughed up by a child with whooping-cough. X 1000. Ordinary fuchsin stain. II. Bact. ulceris cancrosi (Kruse) L. and N. Sec- tion of an untreated soft ulcer of twelve days' duration. Stained according to Unna. (Copied from Peterson, uber Bacillenfund bei Ulcus molle, C. B. xiu, Tafel 4.) III. Streptococcus meningitidis cerebrospinalis (Weichselbaum). Lehm. and Neum. Smear preparation from meningeal exudate. Pus cells with flattened diplo- cocci. (Copied after Jager, Zeitschrift fur Hygiene, Bd. 19, Tafel vi, Fig. 3.) X 1000. IV. Streptococcus meningitidis cerebrospinalis. Pure culture, grown from cerebrospinal fluid. X 1000. V. Bacterium influenzas (R. Pfeiffer) Lehm. and Neum. Smear preparation from nasal secretion. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. Bacillus gangraense pulpae. Arkovy. VI. Gelatin stab culture, ten days at 22°. The little hairs along the stab canal often become much longer. VII. Agar plate, three days at 37°. Natural size. Su- perficial colonies. VIII. Potato culture, ten days at 22°. The wrinkling of the surface suggests the culture of the mesentericus. IX. Microscopic preparation. X 1000. Stained with fuchsin. Before spore-formation. Tab. 68. *- •» vm. Ml. A' ReichhaUI. Munch en . Tab. 69. PLATE 69. Leptothrix epidermidis. Biz. I. Gelatin stab culture, two days at 22°. II. Agar streak culture, two days at 22°. III. Agar stab culture, two days at 22°. Stab canal. IV. Agar stab culture, two days at 22°. Surface growth. V. Agar plate, two days at 22°. Natural size. VI. Agar plate, two days at 22°. X 90. Part of a su- perficial colony. VII. Agar plate, two days at 22°. X 90. Deep colony. VIII. Gelatin plate, two days at 22°. Natural size. IX. Gelatin plate, one day at 22°: (e) Superficial, (i) deep colony. X. 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Cloth, $2.50 net. HIRST'S OBSTETRICS. Third Edition, Revised and Enlarged. A Text-Book of Obstetrics. By BARTON COOKE HIRST, M.D., Professor of Obstetrics, University of Pennsylvania. Handsome octavo volume of 873 pages, 704 illustrations, 36 of them in colors. Cloth, $5.00 net ; Sheep or Half Morocco, $6.00 net. MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS HYDE & MONTGOMERY ON SYPHILIS AND THE VENEREAL DISEASES. 2d Edition, Revised and Greatly Enlarged. Syphilis and the Venereal Diseases. By JAMES NEVINS HYDE, M. D., Pro- fessor of Skin and Venereal Diseases, and FRANK H. MONTGOMERY, M. D., Associate Professor of Skin, Genito-Urinary, and Venereal Diseases in Rush Medical College, Chicago, 111. Octavo, 594 pages, profusely illustrated. Cloth, $4.00 net. THE INTERNATIONAL TEXT=BOOK OF SURGERY. In Two Volumes. By American and British Authors. Edited by J. COLLINS WARREN, M. D., LL. D., F. R.C.S. (Hon.), Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston ; and A. PEARCE GOULD, M. S., F. R. C. S., Lecturer on Practical Surgery and Teacher of Operative Surgery, Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London, Eng. Vol. I. General Surgery. — Handsome octavo, 947 pages, with 458 beautiful illustrations and 9 lithographic plates. Vol. II. Special or Regional Surgery. — Handsome octavo, 1072 pages, with 471 beautiful illustrations and 8 lithographic plates. Sold by Subscription, Prices per volume : Cloth, $5.00 net: Sheep or Half Morocco, $6.00 net. " It is the most valuable work on the subject that has appeared in some years. The clinician and the pathologist have joined hands in its production, and the result must be a satisfaction to the editors as it is a gratification to the conscientious reader." — Annals of Surgery. " This is a work which comes to us on its own intrinsic merits. Of the latter it has very many. The arrangement of subjects is excellent, and their treatment by the different authors is equally so. 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Just Issued VOLUME H Editor, Sir J. W. Moore, B. A., M. D., F.R.CP.L, of Dublin Professor of Practice of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland CONTENTS Erysipelas and Erysipeloid. By DR. H. LENHARTZ, of Hamburg. Cholera Asi- atica and Cholera Nostras By DR. K. VON LIEBERMEISTEK, of Tubingen. Whooping Cough and Hay Fever. By DR. G. STICKER, of Giessen. Varicella. By DR. TH. VON JURGENSEN, of Tubingen. Variola (including Vaccination). By DR. H. IMMERMANN, of Basle. Handsome octavo volume of over 700 pages. Just Issued VOLUME VTI Editor, John H. Musser, M. D. Professor of Clinical Medicine, University of Pennsylvania CONTENTS Diseases of the Bronchi. By DR. F. A. HOFFMANN, of Leipsic. Diseases of the Pleura. By DR. ROSBNBACH, of Berlin. Pneumonia. By DK. E. AUFRECHT, of Magdeburg. VOLUME vm Editor, Charles G. Stockton, M. D. Professor of Medicine, University of Buffalo CONTENTS Diseases of the Stomach. By DR. F. RIEGEL, of Giessen. VOLUME LX Editor, Frederick A. Packard, M. D. 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An American Text-Book of Genito- Urinary and Skin Diseases, ...... 3 Hyde and Montgomery — Syphilis and the Venereal Diseases, ........ 8 Martin — Essentials of Minor Surgery, Bandaging, and Venereal Diseases, . . 15 Mracek and Bangs— Atlas of Syphilis and the Venereal Diseases, ...... 16 Saundby — Renal and Urinary Diseases, u Senn— Genito-Urinary Tuberculosis, . . 12 Vecki — Sexual Impotence, GYNECOLOGY. American Text-Book of Gynecology Cragin — Essentials of Gynecology, Garrigues — Diseases of Women, . Long — Syllabus of Gynecology, . Penrose— Diseases of Women, . . Pryor — Pelvic Inflammations 14 Schaeffer and Norris— Atlas of Gyne- cology, I7 HYGIENE. Abbott— Hygiene of Transmissible Dis- eases, 3 Bergey — Principles of Hygiene, .... 22 Pyle — Personal Hygiene, n MATERIA MEDICA, PHARMA- COLOGY, and THERAPEUTICS. An American Text-Book of Applied Therapeutics, i Butler— Text-Book of Materia Medica, Therapeutics, and Pharmacology, . . 4 Morris — Ess.of M. M. and Therapeutics, 15 Saunders' Pocket Medical Formulary, . n Sayre — Essentials of Pharmacy, .... 15 Soil man n — Text-Book of Pharmacology, 22 Stevens — Modern Therapeutics, .... 13 Stoney — Materia Medica for Nurses, . . 13 Thornton — Prescription-Writing, ... 13 20 MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS 21 MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE AND TOXICOLOGY. Chapman — Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology 5 Golebiewski and Bailey — Atlas of Dis- eases Caused by Accidents, 17 Hofmannand Peterson— Atlas of Legal Medicine, 16 NERVOUS AND MENTAL DIS- EASES, ETC. Brower — Manual of Insanity, 22 Chapin — Compendium of Insanity. ... 5 Church and Peterson — Nervous and 5 Mental Diseases 5 Jakob and Fisher — Atlas of Nervous System, 17 Shaw — Essentials of Nervous Diseases and Insanity, 15 NURSING. Davis — Obstetric and Gynecologic Nurs- ing, 6 Griffith— The Care of the Baby, .... 7 Hart — Diet in Sickness and in Health, . . 7 Meigs — Feeding in Early Infancy, . . . 10 Morten — Nurses' Dictionary, 10 Stoney — Materia Medica for Nurses, . . 13 Stoney — Practical Points in Nursing, . . 13 Stoney — Surgical Technic for Nurses, . 13 Watson — Handbook for Nurses, .... 14 OBSTETRICS. An American Text-Book of Obstetrics, 2 Ashton — Essentials of Obstetrics, .... 15 Boisliniere — Obstetric Accidents, ... 4 Dorland — Modern Obstetrics, 6 Hirst — Text-Book of Obstetrics, .... 7 Norris — Syllabus of Obstetrics, 10 Schaeffer and Edgar — Atlas of Obstet- rical Diagnosis and Treatment, . . . . 17 PATHOLOGY. An American Text-Book of Pathology, 2 Durck and Hektoen— Atlas of Patho- logic Histology, 16 Kalteyer— Essentials of Pathology, . . 15 Mallory and Wright— Pathological Technique, 9 Senn— Pathology, and Surgical Treat- ment of Tumors, 12 Stengel— Text-Book of Pathology, ... 12 Warren— Surgical Pathology, 14 PHYSIOLOGY. American Text-Book of Physiology, . 2 Budgett— Essentials of Physiology, . . 15 Raymond— Text-Book of Physiology, . n Stewart— Manual of Physiology, . . 13 PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. An American Year-Book of Medicine and Surgery, . .... 3 Anders— Practice of Medicine 4 Eichhorst— Practice of Medicine, ... 6 Lockwood— Practice of Medicine, . . . 9 Morris— Ess. of Practice of Medicine, . 15 Salinger & Kalteyer— Mod. Medicine, n Stevens— Practice of Medicine, .... 13 SKIN AND VENEREAL. An American Text-Book of Genito- Urinary and Skin Diseases, a Hyde and Montgomery — Syphilis and the Venereal Diseases, 8 Martin— Essentials of Minor Surgery, Bandaging, and Venereal Diseases, . . 15 Mracek and Stelwagon— Atlas of Dis- eases of the Skin, 16 Stelwagon— Essentials of Diseases of the Skin, 15 SURGERY. An American Text-Book of Surgery, 2 An American Year-Book of Medicine and Surgery, . 3 Beck — Fractures, 4 Beck — Manual of Surgical Asepsis, ... 4 Da Costa — Manual of Surgery, 5 International Text-Book of Surgery, . E Keen — Operation Blank, 8 Keen — The Surgical Complications and Sequels of Typhoid Fever, 8 Macdonald — Surgical Diagnosis and Treatment, 9 Martin — Essentials of Minor Surgery, Bandaging, and Venereal Diseases, . . 15 Martin— Essentials of Surgery, 15 Moore— Orthopedic Surgery, 10 Nancrede — Principles of Surgery, . . . xo Pye— Bandaging and Surgical Dressing, n Scudder — Treatment of Fractures, ... 12 Senn— Genito-Urinary Tuberculosis, . . 12 Senn— Practical Surgery, 12 Senn — Syllabus of Surgery, 12 Senn — Pathology and Surgical Treat- ment of Tumors, ... 12 Warren— Surgical Pathology and Ther- apeutics, 14 Zuckerkandl and Da Costa— Atlas of Operative Surgery, 16 URINE AND URINARY DISEASES. Ogden— Clinical Examination of the Urine, 10 Saundby— Renal and Urinary Diseases, n Wolf— Handbook of Urine Examination, 22 Wolff— Examination of Urine, 15 MISCELLANEOUS. Abbott— Hygiene of Transmissible Dis- eases, 3 Bastin- Laboratory Exercises in Bot- any, 4 Golebiewski and Bailey— Atlas of Dis- eases Caused by Accidents, . . ^ . . 17 Gould and Pyle — Anomalies and Curi- osities of Medicine, 7 Grafstrom— Massage, . . . 7 Keating— Examination for Life Insur- ance, 8 Pyle— A Manual of Personal Hygiene, . n Saunders' Medical Hand-Atlases, . 16, 17 Saunders' Pocket Medical Formulary, . n Saunders' Question-Corn pends, . . 14. 15 Stewart and Lawrence — Essentials of Medical Electricity, 15 Thornton— Dose-Book and Manual of Prescription-Writing, 13 Van Valzah and Nisbet— Diseases of the Stomach, 13 THE LATEST BOOKS. Bergey's Principles of Hygiene* The Principles of Hygiene : A Practical Manual for Students, Physicians, and Health Officers. By D. H. BERGEY, A. M., M. D., First Assistant, Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Pennsyl- vania. Handsome octavo volume of about 500 pages, illus- trated. Brewer's Manual of Insanity. A Practical Manual of Insanity. By DANIEL R. BROWER, M.D., Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases, Rush Medical Col- lege, Chicago. I2mo volume of 425 pages, illustrated. Gorham's Bacteriology. A Laboratory Course in Bacteriology. By F. P. GORHAM, M. A., Assistant Professor in Biology, Brown University. i2mo volume of about 160 pages, fully illustrated. Gradle on the Nose, Throat, and Ear. Diseases of the Nose, Throat, and Ear. By HENRY GRADLE, M. D., Professor of Ophthalmology and Otology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. Handsome octavo volume of 800 pages, profusely illustrated. Sollmann's Pharmacology. A Text-Book of Pharmacology. By TORALD SOLLMANN, M. D., Lecturer on Pharmacology, Western Reserve University, Cleve- land, Ohio. Royal octavo volume of about 700 pages. Wolfs Examination of Urine. A Handbook of Physiologic Chemistry and Urine Examination. By CHARLES G. L. WOLF, M. D., Instructor in Physiologic Chem- istry, Cornell University Medical College. i2mo volume of about 1 60 pages. VOLUMES NOW READY. 65636 Atlas and Epitome of Internal Medicine and Clinical Diagnosis. By T}R. CHK. JAKOB, of Erlangen. Edited by AUGUSTUS A. ESHNER, M.D., Professor of Clinical Medicine in the Philadelphia Polyclinic. With 179 colored figures on 68 plates and 259 pages of text. Cloth, $3.00 net. Atlas of Legal Medicine. By DR. E. VON HOFMANN, of Vienna. Edited by FRED- ERICK PETERSON, M.D., Chief of Clinic, Nervous Department, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. -With 120 colored figures on 56 plates and 193 half-tone illustrations. Cloth, $3.30 net. Atlas and Epitome of Diseases of the Larynx. By DR. L. GRUNWALD, of Munich. Edited by CHARLES P. GRAYS9N, M.D., Physician-in-Charge, Throat and Nose Department, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. With 107 colored figures on 44 plates, 25 text-illustrations, and 103 pages of text. Cloth, $2.50 net. Atlas and Epitome of Operative Surgery. By DR. O. ZUCKERKANDL, of Vienna. Edited by J. CHALMERS DACOSTA, M.D., Professor of the Practice of Surgery and Clinical Surgery, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. With 24 colored plates, 1 217 illustrations in the text, and 395 pages of text. Cloth, $3.00 net. Atlas and Epitome of Syphilis and the Venereal Diseases. By PROF. DR. FRANZ MRACEK, of Vienna. Edited by L. BOLTON BANGS, M.D., Professor of Genito- Urinary Surgery, University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York. With 71 colored plates and 122 pages of text. Cloth, $3.50 net. Atlas and Epitome of External Diseases of the Eye. By DR. O. HAAB, of Zurich. Edited by G. E. DE SCHWEINITZ, M.D., Professor of Ophthalmology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. With 76 colored illustrations on 40 plates and 228 pages of text. Cloth, $3.00 net. Atlas and Epitome of Skin Diseases. By PROF. DR. FRANZ MRACEK, of Vienna. Edited by HENRY W. STELWAGON, M.D., Clinical Professor of Dermatology, Jeffer- son Medical College, Philadelphia. With 63 colored plates, 39 half-tone illustrations, and 200 pages of text. Cloth, 13.50 net. Atlas and Epitome of Special Pathologic Histology. By DR. H. DURCK, of Munich. Edited by LUDVIG HEKTOEN, M.D., Professor of Pathology, Rush Medical College, Chicago. In two parts. Part I. just ready, including the Circulatory, Respiratory, and Gastro-intestinal Tracts, with 124 colored figures on 62 plates and J58 pages of text. Cloth, $3.00 net. Atlas and Epitome of Diseases Caused by Accidents. By DR. ED. GOLEBIEWSKI, of Berlin. Translated and edited, with additions, by PEARCE BAILEY, M.D., Attending Physician to the Almshouse and Incurable Hospitals, New York. With 71 colored illustrations on 40 plates, 143 text-illustrations, and 549 pages of text. Cloth, $4.00 net. Atlas and Epitome of Gynecology. By DR. O. SCHAFFER, of Heidelberg, from the Second Revised and Enlarged German Edition. Edited by_ RICHARD C. NOR- A \1 Ml)